text:
Field emission gun

A field emission gun (FEG) is a type of electron gun in which a sharply pointed Müller-type emitter is held at several kilovolts negative potential relative to a nearby electrode, so that there is sufficient potential gradient at the emitter surface to cause field electron emission. Emitters are either of cold-cathode type, usually made of single crystal tungsten sharpened to a tip radius of about 100 nm, or of the Schottky type, in which thermionic emission is enhanced by barrier lowering in the presence of a high electric field. Schottky emitters are made by coating a tungsten tip with a layer of zirconium oxide (ZrO2) decreasing the work function of the tip by approximately 2.7 eV.

In electron microscopes, a field emission gun is used to produce an electron beam that is smaller in diameter, more coherent and with up to three orders of magnitude greater current density or brightness than can be achieved with conventional thermionic emitters such as tungsten or lanthanum hexaboride -tipped filaments. The result in both scanning and transmission electron microscopy is significantly improved signal-to-noise ratio and spatial resolution, and greatly increased emitter life and reliability compared with thermionic devices.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Field emission gun


text:
Le Bateau ivre

Le Bateau ivre (The Drunken Boat) is a 100-line verse-poem written in 1871 by Arthur Rimbaud. The poem describes the drifting and sinking of a boat lost at sea in a fragmented first-person narrative saturated with vivid imagery and symbolism. It is considered a masterpiece of French Symbolism.

Background
Rimbaud, then aged 16, wrote the poem in the summer of 1871 at his childhood home in Charleville in Northern France. Rimbaud included the poem in a letter he sent to Paul Verlaine in September 1871 to introduce himself to Verlaine. Shortly afterwards, he joined Verlaine in Paris and became his lover. Rimbaud and Verlaine had a stormy affair. In Brussels in July 1873, in a drunken, jealous rage, Verlaine fired two shots with a pistol at Rimbaud, wounding his left wrist, though not seriously injuring the poet.

Rimbaud was inspired to write the poem after reading Charles Baudelaire's volume of French poetry Les Fleurs du mal and Jules Verne's 1870 novel Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Seas, which had recently been published in book form, and which is known to have been the source of many of the poem's allusions and images. Another Verne novel, The Adventures of Captain Hatteras, was likely an additional source of inspiration.

Summary
The poem is arranged in a series of 25 alexandrine quatrains with an a/b/a/b rhyme-scheme. It is woven around the delirious visions of the eponymous boat, swamped and lost at sea. It was considered revolutionary in its use of imagery and symbolism. One of the longest and perhaps best poems in Rimbaud's œuvre, it opens with the following quatrain:

Rimbaud biographer Enid Starkie describes the poem as an anthology of memorable images and lines. The voice is that of the drunken boat itself. The boat tells of becoming filled with water, thus "drunk". Sinking through the sea, the boat describes a journey of varied experience that includes sights of the purest and most transcendent (l'éveil jaune et bleu des phosphores chanteurs, "the yellow-blue alarum of phosphors singing" ) and at the same time of the most repellent (nasses / Où pourrit dans les joncs tout un Léviathan, "nets where a whole Leviathan was rotting"). The marriage of exaltation and debasement, the synesthesia, and the mounting astonishment make this hundred-line poem the fulfillment of Rimbaud's youthful poetic theory that the poet becomes a seer, a vatic being, through the disordering of the senses. To these attractions are added alexandrines of immediate aural appeal: Fermentent les rousseurs amères de l'amour! ("fermenting the bitter blushes of love").

The boat's (and reader's) mounting astonishment reaches its high point in lines 87–88: Est-ce en ces nuits sans fonds que tu dors et t'exiles / Million d'oiseaux d'or, ô future Vigueur? ("Is it in these bottomless nights that you sleep and exile yourself / a million golden birds, o future Strength? ) Afterwards the vision is lost and the spell breaks. The speaker, still a boat, wishes for death (Ô que ma quille éclate! Ô que j'aille à la mer! "O that my keel would break! O that I would go to the sea!" ). The grandiose aspirations have deceived, leaving exhaustion and the sense of imprisonment. In this way, "Le Bateau ivre" proleptically recapitulates Rimbaud's poetic career, which dissipated when he discovered that verse could not provide the universal understanding and harmony that it had seemed to when he was younger.

Le Bateau ivre remains one of the gems of French poetry and of Rimbaud's poetic output. Vladimir Nabokov translated it to Russian in 1928. French poet-composer Léo Ferré set it to music and sang it in the album Ludwig-L'Imaginaire-Le Bateau ivre (1982).

In other media

 * French singer-songwriter Léo Ferré set the poem into music and recorded the song in his 1982 triple LP Ludwig-L'imaginaire-Le Bateau ivre. He used two first quatrains as a chorus repeated seven times, leading to a thirteen-minute-long song.
 * The Pogues recorded a song called "Drunken Boat" for their 1993 album Waiting for Herb. It has similar themes to the poem, and its chorus borrows from the poem's penultimate stanza.
 * Cordwainer Smith wrote a science fiction story called "Drunkboat", whose protagonist is named Artyr Rambo, first published in Amazing Stories, August 1963.
 * Donna Tartt quotes the lines "Mais, vrai, j'ai trop pleuré ! Les Aubes sont navrantes." from Le Bateau ivre in her 1992 novel The Secret History.
 * Brazilian musician Rogério Skylab has a song inspired by, and titled after, the poem in his 2020 album Os Cosmonautas.
 * In Murder by Numbers a screenshot of the opening page is shown at time stamp 36:06.

Gallery
Le Bateau ivre as a wall poem in Paris.

title: Le Bateau ivre


text:
Jennylyn Mercado

Jennylyn Anne Pineda Mercado-Ho (born May 15, 1987) is a Filipino actress. She is known for playing dramatic roles in film and television. She rose to prominence after winning the reality talent competition StarStruck in 2003. Mercado garnered acclaim at a young age for her acting performances on television and film. She starred in multiple commercially successful films, including English Only, Please (2014), The Prenup (2015), Walang Forever (2015), and Just the 3 of Us (2016). With GMA Records and Viva Records, Mercado has released three albums, which have several popular singles such as "Sa Aking Panaginip", "Moments Of Love" in collaboration with Janno Gibbs, "Basta't Nandito Ka", and "Kahit Sandali". In 2017, Mercado top billed the Philippine remake of My Love from the Star.

Mercado's success in Philippine cinema has made her one of the top actresses in the country and established her status as the "Ultimate Star".

Early life and family
Jennylyn Anne Pineda Mercado was born on May 15, 1987, in Parañaque, Metro Manila. She spent her senior year of high school at the Augustinian Abbey School in Las Piñas. As a child, Mercado suffered physical abuse from her stepfather. Her biological mother returned from Dubai merely to bail her stepfather out. Henceforth, Mercado was raised by her aunt, whom she considers as her mother.

Early years
Mercado started as a recording artist with Alpha Records in 1999 through the recommendation of her voice coach, Susanna Pichay. Mercado was in Nonoy Tan's singing group, G4. The group recorded two songs but never released an album due to two of the four members dropping out. After G4, Mercado went into commercial modeling, landing a stint with Bambini cologne and a Pond's TV advertisement. She was also part of the Elite Circle of "10 Modeling Search", where she competed with StarStruck co-finalist, Dion Ignacio.

In 2002, Mercado made her debut acting appearance playing a minor role in ABS-CBN's TV series Kay Tagal Kang Hinintay, which was top-billed by Bea Alonzo and John Lloyd Cruz.

2003–2009: Ultimate Survivor and Multi Media Star
In 2003, Mercado joined the reality show StarStruck. She and Mark Herras won, receiving 1,000,000 pesos and exclusive contracts from the GMA Network. After winning StarStruck, Mercado and Herras were launched as a love team in Forever in My Heart, and months earlier they were in the last batch of the teen series Click. She later starred in numerous TV series, including Encantadia, I Luv NY, Dangal, Super Twins, Paano Ba Ang Mangarap?, SRO Cinemaserye: Suspetsa, Ikaw Sana, and Gumapang Ka Sa Lusak. She also acted in films such as So Happy Together (2004) and teen-flick Let the Love Begin (2005).

Mercado released her first album Living the Dream, which contained original compositions by Vehnee Saturno, and a carrier single titled "Kahit Sandali". In May 2006, Mercado released her second album Letting Go, which included the single "Sa Aking Panaginip" by Vehnee Saturno. Mercado's first major concert was held at the Music Museum in Greenhills on May 15, 2006. In May 2009, she held a sold-out birthday concert titled "I Am Woman" at the Music Museum. In January 2010, under Viva Records, she released her third album, Love Is... Jennylyn Mercado.

2010–2015: MMFF Best Actress
Mercado starred in Filipino period piece Rosario (2010). Her acting career was handled by Becky Aguila and Viva Entertainment, where she joined her Starstruck co-alumnus Cristine Reyes. Mercado's singing career was managed by Viva Records. In 2011, her contract with Viva ended and was not renewed, though she joined Cristine Reyes. In 2013, Mercado signed with Regal Entertainment. She also signed with PolyEast Records, hoping to her reinvent herself as singer.

Mercado branched out into television hosting, hosting reality series Protégé: The Battle for the Big Break with co-hosts Ogie Alcasid and Dingdong Dantes. She was also in the GMA-7 Sunday talk show, Showbiz Central.

In 2013, Mercado acted in the romance The Bride and the Lover (2013). Her contract with Polyeast Records ended that year. In 2014, she played the role of a woman with a split personality through Rhodora X. According to Mercado, this was the most challenging role she has ever played. In late 2014, she released her fifth album through GMA Records.

At the end of 2014, Mercado agreed to participate in the 2014 Metro Manila Film Festival (MMFF). Her entry, English Only, Please (2014), was originally offered to singer-actress Angeline Quinto and was chosen as one of the eight official movies for the film festival. It became a success despite having fewer promotions than the other movies included. Critics deemed it a "sleeper hit". In the film, Mercado played the role of Tere Madlansacay, a Filipino tutor. The film's success established her as a movie star. In early 2015, Mercado received the MMFF Best Actress award for the recently concluded film festival.

2016–present: Rom-Com Queen and Kapuso Ultimate Star
In 2015, Mercado was first in the FHM "Philippines' 100 Sexiest Women" list after Marian Rivera vacated the title. Before Mercado traveled to New York for the film PreNup with actor Sam Milby, she was surprised and given a plaque by publisher Aeus Reyes, Allan Altera, and GMA News reporter Nelson Canlas. On July 11, Mercado participated in the two-part FHM 100 Sexiest party at the SMX Convention Center in the SM Mall of Asia.

Mercado played the lead role of Melanie "Mel" Fernandez-Dela Paz in the GMA series My Faithful Husband, which aired on August 10, 2015. Despite its success, the series was not extended due to scheduling conflicts with Mercado, who at the time was acting in two films, The Prenup and WalangForever. The series earned the lead actors multiple acting awards and nominations. After the commercial success of WalangForever, Mercado earned her second consecutive MMFF Best Actress award in 2015.

Through social media, Mercado announced her upcoming project, confirming that she was acting in a new film with actor John Lloyd Cruz. The film, titled Just the 3 of Us, was produced by Star Cinema. It earned 16 million pesos in its opening day, which was the highest opening day gross of any of Mercado's movies and set a record for the highest opening day gross for a Philippine film. It went on to be one of the highest-grossing Philippine films of 2016.

After months of negotiations, Mercado and the GMA Network renewed their contract on July 4, 2016. As part of the contract, Mercado hosted GMA's new comedy-singing show Superstar Duets. She was later chosen to play the role of Steffi for the Philippine remake of the South Korean series My Love from the Star.

In October 2018, Mercado became the first Filipina brand ambassador for international makeup brand Max Factor.

Advocacies
Mercado has spoken often on the matter of women's rights, particularly violence against women. She has been recognized by GABRIELA, a Philippine women's organization, which has made her an honorary member.

Personal life
In 2008, at age 21, Mercado announced that she was pregnant. Her ex-boyfriend Patrick Garcia, who distanced himself upon learning of her pregnancy, was announced as the father of her child. On August 16, 2008, she gave birth to their son, Alex Jazz, via Caesarian section.

In 2021, she married her longtime boyfriend Dennis Trillo. Their daughter, Dylan Jayde, was born on April 25, 2022.

Athletics
Mercado is also an aspiring triathlete. In her free time, she takes jujitsu and Muay Thai lessons. "They built up my muscles. I looked heavy onscreen," Mercado recounted. "I realized that I needed cardio exercises to slim down." She discovered running and biking, which soon led her to join duathlon competitions in Alabang and Laguna. She is also a diver and wishes to inspire people to be environment friendly.

Mercado is a practitioner of Tabimina Balintawak, a close-range variant of Balintawak Arnis created Grandmaster Bobby Tabimina, who in turn developed its principles after studying the Balintawak system developed by Grandmaster Venancio Bacon in the 1950s.

Studio albums

 * PARI: Gold (10,000+)

title: Jennylyn Mercado


text:
Ion wind

Ion wind, ionic wind, corona wind or electric wind is the airflow of charged particles induced by electrostatic forces linked to corona discharge arising at the tips of some sharp conductors (such as points or blades) subjected to high voltage relative to ground. Ion wind is an electrohydrodynamic phenomenon. Ion wind generators can also be considered electrohydrodynamic thrusters.

The term "ionic wind" is considered a misnomer due to misconceptions that only positive and negative ions were primarily involved in the phenomenon. A 2018 study found that electrons play a larger role than negative ions during the negative voltage period. As a result, the term "electric wind" has been suggested as a more accurate terminology.

This phenomenon is now used in an MIT ionic wind plane, the first solid-state plane, developed in 2018.

History
B. Wilson in 1750 demonstrated the recoil force associated to the same corona discharge and precursor to the ion thruster was the corona discharge pinwheel. The corona discharge from the freely rotating pinwheel arm with ends bent to sharp points gives the air a space charge, which repels the point because the polarity is the same for the point and the air.

Francis Hauksbee, curator of instruments for the Royal Society of London, made the earliest report of electric wind in 1709. Myron Robinson completed an extensive bibliography and literature review during the 1950s resurgence of interest in the phenomena.

In 2018, researchers from South Korea and Slovenia used Schlieren photography to experimentally determine that electrons and ions play an important role in generating ionic wind. The study was the first to provide direct evidence that the electrohydrodynamic force responsible for the ionic wind is caused by a charged particle drag that occurs as the electrons and ions push the neutral particles away.

In 2018, a team of MIT researchers built and successfully flew the first-ever prototype plane propelled by ionic wind, MIT EAD Airframe Version 2.

Mechanism
Net electric charges on conductors, including local charge distributions associated with dipoles, reside entirely on their external surface (see Faraday cage) and tend to concentrate more around sharp points and edges than on flat surfaces. This means that the electric field generated by charges on a sharp conductive point is much stronger than the field generated by the same charge residing on a large, smooth, spherical conductive shell. When this electric field strength exceeds what is known as the corona discharge inception voltage (CIV) gradient, it ionizes the air about the tip, and a small faint purple jet of plasma can be seen in the dark on the conductive tip. Ionization of the nearby air molecule results in the n generation of ionized air molecules having the same polarity as that of the charged tip. Subsequently, the tip repels the like-charged ion cloud, which immediately expands due to the repulsion between the ions themselves. This repulsion of ions creates an electric "wind" that emanates from the tip, usually accompanied by a hissing noise due to the change in air pressure at the tip. An opposite force acts on the tip that may recoil if not tight to the ground.

A vaneless ion wind generator performs the inverse function, using ambient wind to move ions, which are collected, yielding electrical energy.

title: Ion wind


text:
Fegyver- és Gépgyár

Fegyver- és Gépgyártó Részvénytársaság ("Arms and Machine Manufacturing Company"), known as FÉG, is a Hungarian industrial conglomerate founded on 24 February 1891 in Csepel (now part of Budapest). The company came under the ownership of MPF Industry Group in 2010. It was an important arms manufacturing company before World War II. Since the acquisition, FÉG is one of the biggest exporters of HVAC products to the international markets in the East-Central European heating device industry.

Throughout its history it was renamed several times for various reasons; to Fémáru, Fegyver- és Gépgyár ("Metalware, Arms and Machine Factory") in 1935, to Lámpagyár ("Lamp Factory") in 1946, to Fegyver- és Gázkészülékgyár ("Arms and Gas Equipment Factory") in 1965. Decades later, in post-communist times it was renamed as FÉGARMY Fegyvergyártó Kft. ("FÉGARMY Arms Factory Ltd.").

1891-2004
On February 24, 1891, the legal predecessor of the Fegyver és Gépgyár (FÉG) was founded in Budapest. In the beginning the company produced rifles and pistols for the Austro-Hungarian Army and also exported its products for foreign armies. The company became an important arms manufacturer in the country, but it also produced gas equipment, water heaters, lamps and miscellaneous metalware. The production of Diesel engines started in 1899, when the Hungarian engineer Oszkár Epperlein (1844-1903) and Jenő Böszörményi (1872 - 1957) bought the patent rights of Diesel engines for the FÉG company from his collaborator Rudolf Diesel.

Through its history it always fulfilled a crucial role in supplying the Honvédség with small arms, this company also manufactured and exported a variety of semi-automatic pistols and rifles, including the P9M and the PJK-9HP models (copies of the famous Browning Hi-Power) and the FÉG PA-63 (a Walther PP/PPK clone in 9×18mm Makarov), but currently only self-loading pistols (P9L, P9M, P9R, etc.) and break-barrel air rifles (LG 427, LG 527). In Hungary, the company is also famous for its starting pistols, for example the GRP-9, as well as manufacturing most of the propane water boilers and heaters found in Hungarian houses.

2004-present
After 2004 many of its traditional export markets were put under embargo and this caused the company to stop its activity connected to the defence industry. At the end of 2010, FÉG almost went bankrupt when HUF 1.7 billion of funds disappeared from the company. MPF Industry Group made an important investment to rescue the company and restarted the production. Since MPF Industry Group's reorganization, FÉG is one of the biggest East-Central European HVAC manufacturers.

title: Fegyver- és Gépgyár


text:
Cashmere High School

Cashmere High School (Te iringa o Kahukura) is a state coeducational secondary school, located in southern Christchurch, New Zealand. It was opened in 1956 in response to population growth in southern Christchurch during the 1950s.

The school is located in the suburb of Cashmere, New Zealand, on the northern bank of the Ōpāwaho / Heathcote River overlooked by the Cashmere Hills. Serving Years 9 to 13, Cashmere has a roll of students as of, making it the second-largest school in Christchurch after Burnside High School.

History
The Cabinet approved construction of Cashmere High School on 15 March 1954. Tender for the construction of the school, initially accommodating 600 pupils, opened on 1 June 1954 and closed on 6 July. After the initial tenders were rejected and fresh tenders were called, construction was let in late October to P. Graham and Sons Ltd for £170,000. Construction of the school began on 26 October 1954. Terry McCombs, a former Member of the New Zealand House of Representatives who had served as Minister of Education from 1947 to 1949, was appointed as the school's foundation headmaster in August 1955.

Cashmere High School opened to students on 1 February 1956, with an initial intake of 190 third-form (now Year 9) students. The school was officially opened on 29 November 1956 by Minister of Education Ronald Algie.

Cashmere suffered moderate damage in the 22 February 2011 Christchurch earthquake, mainly from liquefaction. On the day, the school had closed for instruction for the day at 12:00 pm due to the Post Primary Teachers' Association, the main secondary school teachers' trade union, holding a paid union meeting that afternoon, meaning very few students and staff were on site when the quake struck at 12:51 pm. The school reopened on 14 March after the school buildings were inspected and deemed safe, and essential repairs and temporary fixes had been carried out. In the aftermath of the earthquake, the school played host to Linwood College in a site sharing agreement while Linwood's severely damaged facilities were inspected and repaired. Cashmere used the site in the morning, while Linwood used the site in the afternoon for five months, until Linwood College moved back to its original site on 1 August.

The current principal, Joe Eccleton, replaced Mark Wilson in July 2019.

Enrolment
Cashmere operates an enrolment scheme to help curb roll numbers and prevent overcrowding. The school's home zone, in which students residing are automatically entitled to be enrolled without rejection, covers the southern suburbs of Christchurch as well as the settlements around the western and southern shores of Lyttelton Harbour. Suburbs and towns within the zone include Beckenham, Cashmere, Huntsbury, Murray Aynsley, Saint Martins, Somerfield, Spreydon, Sydenham, and Westmorland; parts of Addington and Hoon Hay; Hillsborough, Opawa and Waltham west of State Highway 76; and Governors Bay, Diamond Harbour, and Port Levy. Students residing outside the zone are accepted as roll places allow per the enrolment scheme order of preference and secret ballot.

At the October 2013 Education Review Office (ERO) review, Cashmere had 1666 students enrolled, including 46 international students. There was an even number of male and female students. Seventy-five percent of students identified as New Zealand European (Pākehā), nine percent as Māori, three percent each as Asian, and Pasifika, and ten percent as another ethnicity.

Academics
Cashmere High School operates a regular timetable with five 55-minute teaching periods per day, except on Wednesdays where teaching periods are only 50 minutes each.

In Year 9, English, Mathematics, Science, Social Studies, Physical Education and Health are compulsory and are studied for the whole year, while students rotate through four Technology subjects: Design Technologies, Graphic Communication, Materials and Electronics and Control, and Food Technology, studying one of them per school term. Students choose two Arts options out of Visual Art, Drama and Music to study for two terms each, and a Foreign Language option out of French, Japanese, Te Reo Māori and Spanish. There are no optional subjects.

In Year 10, English, Mathematics, Science, Social Studies, Physical Education and Health remain compulsory subjects. Students elect between two and four optional subjects to fill the two remaining subject lines on their timetable – either two full-year subjects, a full-year and two half-year subjects, or four half-year subjects.

In Years 11 to 13, students complete the National Certificate of Educational Achievement (NCEA), the main secondary school qualification in New Zealand. Levels 1, 2 and 3 of NCEA are usually completed in years 11, 12 and 13 respectively, although students can choose subjects from different levels depending on their progress through the NCEA level system. Students study six subjects per year (five in Year 13), with English being compulsory in Years 11 and 12, and Mathematics and Science being compulsory in Year 11.

In 2013, 91.4 percent of students leaving Cashmere High held at least NCEA Level 1, 79.6 percent held at least NCEA Level 2, and 54.0 percent held at least University Entrance. This compares nationally to 85.2%, 74.2%, and 49.0% respectively.

Conductive education
The school has a conductive education unit, which opened in 2002, and caters for up to 20 secondary school-aged students.

School houses
Cashmere has six school houses into which students are grouped, each is named after a notable New Zealander.

Notable alumni

 * Ben Campbell – member of the band "Zed" and later Atlas
 * Lyn Davis – All Black (1976–77) and Canterbury rugby union player
 * Greg Draper – football (soccer) player
 * Guyon Espiner – TV personality and political editor for TVNZ
 * Stephen Fleming – cricketer
 * Alex Frame – track cyclist
 * Mike Gilchrist – runner that represented NZ at Commonwealth games in 1986
 * Nathan King – member of the band "Zed"
 * Steve McCabe (1980–1984) – songwriter / musician notable for work with The Axemen in Christchurch and solo and collective work elsewhere in New Zealand and across the world.
 * Adrian Palmer – member of the band "Zed"
 * Bob Parker (c. 1966–1970) – Mayor of Christchurch (2007–13)
 * Bic Runga (1989–93) – singer
 * Ethan Rusbatch (2005–09) – basketball player
 * Jack Tame – TV and radio host
 * Yulia Townsend – singer
 * Richard Wilson – football (soccer) player
 * Luke Di Somma – lyricist, composer, writer and director
 * Susan Wakefield (foundation pupil) – tax expert, philanthropist

title: Cashmere High School


text:
Doncaster railway station

Doncaster railway station is on the East Coast Main Line serving the city of Doncaster, South Yorkshire, England. It is 155 mi down the line from London King's Cross and is situated between Retford and York on the main line. It is managed by London North Eastern Railway. It is the second busiest station in South Yorkshire (after Sheffield), and the fourth busiest station in Yorkshire & the Humber.

It is a major passenger interchange between the main line, Cross Country Route and local services running across the North of England. It is also the point for which London North Eastern Railway services branching off to Leeds diverge from the main route continuing north towards Edinburgh.

History
The railway station was built in 1850 replacing a temporary structure constructed two years earlier, located some 450 yard further south. Between 1850 and 1873 the station had two main platforms, with loops to each platform diverting off the main running lines. It was rebuilt in its present form in 1938, where the platform on the townside of the station (the eastern side) was converted into an island platform thereby creating a fourth through running line. The station has had several slight modifications since that date - in 1976, a project to refurbish the passenger facilities was completed at a cost of £125,000, and in 2006, the new interchange and connection to Frenchgate Centre opened. The station was evacuated and services on the East Coast Main Line stopped in March 1997 due to a bomb hoax called in by the IRA. Actual bombs were left at Wilmslow railway station in Cheshire on the same day.

In May 2015, construction commenced on a new Platform 0 to the north-east of the station adjacent to the Frenchgate Centre on the site of the former cattle dock. It is used by terminating Northern Trains services to Hull, Beverley, Bridlington and Scarborough. This allowed these services to operate independently of the East Coast Main Line. It is joined to the rest of the station via a fully accessible overbridge.

Station Masters

 * G.R.H. Mullins 1849 – 1855 (afterwards stationmaster at Boston)
 * William Ruxton ca. 1863
 * David Greenwood ???? – 1877
 * James Bradford 1877 – 1878
 * Charles Ratchelous 1878 – 1885
 * James L. Rayner 1885 – 1892
 * George Bolt ca. 1892 – 1896
 * William Henry Lindsey 1896 – 1915
 * Thomas Christopher 1915 – 1917 (formerly station master at Hatfield)
 * Fred Warriner 1917 – 1921
 * Mr. Trotter 1921 – 1922
 * George Herbert Gregory 1923 – 1933
 * E.H. Fowler 1933 – 1937
 * Edwin Oliver Wright 1937 – 1940
 * R.P. Haw 1940
 * J.E. Fisher ca. 1951

Platforms
The station has nine platforms on three islands. Platforms 1, 3, 4 and 8 can take through trains. Platforms 2 and 5 are south-facing bays; platforms 0, 6 and 7 are north facing bays. A first class lounge is available on platform 3A.

 * Platform 0 is used to take almost exclusively Northern Trains services to and from Hull, Beverley and Bridlington. The brand new platform opened on 12 December 2016.
 * Platform 1 is used by southbound London North Eastern Railway, Grand Central and Hull Trains services to London King's Cross.
 * Platform 2 has no scheduled trains.
 * Platform 3A is used by London North Eastern Railway, Grand Central and Hull Trains services to London King's Cross
 * Platform 3B is used by Northern Trains services to Sheffield and TransPennine Express services to Manchester Piccadilly
 * Between platforms 3 and 4 are the high speed up and down lines to/from London
 * Platform 4 is used by northbound London North Eastern Railway services to York, Newcastle and Edinburgh, Grand Central services to Bradford Interchange, Hull Trains services to Hull, Northern Trains through services to Bridlington and Scarborough and TransPennine Express services to Cleethorpes. Southbound CrossCountry services towards Birmingham New Street also use this platform.
 * Platform 5 is a bay platform used by East Midlands Railway services to Lincoln and Northern Trains services to Sheffield
 * Platform 6 is a bay platform used by Northern Trains services to Leeds.
 * Platform 7 is seldom in public use, but is used by Northern Trains services to Scunthorpe when it is.
 * Platform 8 is used by northbound London North Eastern Railway services towards Leeds; CrossCountry services to Newcastle; and Northern Trains services in both directions – southbound to Sheffield and northbound to Adwick and Scunthorpe. Services towards Birmingham New Street also use this platform.

There were plans to add platforms 9 and 10 to cope with Eurostar trains but this project was cancelled when it was decided that Eurostar would not serve Britain outside the South East of England.

There are presently no ticket barriers in operation at this station; however, on race days at Doncaster Racecourse, manual ticket checks are in operation in the subway.

The station was refurbished in 2006 and is now directly connected to the Frenchgate Centre extension in Doncaster town centre. The station now has a new booking office for tickets and information, three new lifts, refurbished staircases and subway. There is a newsagent and some food outlets. More recently, interactive touch screens have been installed around the station by London North Eastern Railway services to provide information about local attractions, live departures and disruptions and station facilities. In addition, mobile phone charging points are now available on the concourse, touch screen and self-service ticketing machines have been installed across the concourse; the stairways to the subway have now been divided into two way systems to improve the flow of passengers during peak times.

In a route study by Network Rail, it was proposed that new platforms could be built on the western side of the station to meet expected demand in the future.

In March 2019, it was revealed that there were plans, as part of the East Coast improvement programme in Control Period 6, to add an additional platform at Doncaster.

Accidents and incidents

 * On 9 August 1947, a passenger train was in a rear-end collision with another due to a signalman's error. 18 people were killed and 188 were injured.
 * On 16 March 1951, a derailment occurred south of the station in which 14 passengers were killed and 12 seriously injured.

Services
Seven train operating companies call at Doncaster, which is the highest number of companies in the UK and is also equal in number only to Crewe, and Edinburgh Waverley in the UK. Their off-peak weekday service patterns are as follows:

CrossCountry

 * 6 tpd to York, of which:
 * 4 tpd continue to Newcastle Central, via Darlington and Durham
 * 4 tpd to Reading via Derby, Birmingham New Street and Oxford
 * 1 tpd to Birmingham New Street via Sheffield and Derby

East Midlands Railway

 * 5 tpd to Peterborough via Gainsborough Lea Road, Lincoln Central and Sleaford

Grand Central

 * 4 tpd to London King's Cross (3 tpd non-stop, 1 tpd via Peterborough)
 * 4 tpd to Bradford Interchange via Wakefield Kirkgate, Mirfield and Halifax (2 tpd calling at Pontefract Monkhill)

Hull Trains

 * 7 tpd to London King's Cross via Retford and Grantham
 * 7 tpd to Hull Paragon via Selby, Howden and Brough, of which:
 * 2 tpd continue to Beverley via Cottingham

London North Eastern Railway

 * 3 1/2tph to London King's Cross, of which:
 * 1 tp2h slow via Retford
 * 3 tph semi-fast
 * 2 tph to Leeds via Wakefield Westgate, of which:
 * 1 tp2h continue to Harrogate via Horsforth
 * 2 tpd continue to Bradford Forster Square via Shipley
 * 1 tpd continues to Skipton via Keighley
 * 1 tph to Edinburgh Waverley via York, Darlington and Newcastle Central, of which:
 * 1 tpd continues to Glasgow Central via Haymarket and Motherwell
 * 1 tpd to Hull Paragon via Selby and Brough

Northern Trains

 * 2 tph to Sheffield, of which:
 * 1 tph slow via Mexborough, Rotherham Central and Meadowhall Interchange
 * 1 tph semi-fast via Meadowhall Interchange
 * 1 tp2h to Scunthorpe via Kirk Sandall, Crowle and Althorpe
 * 2 tph to Hull Paragon Interchange, of which:
 * 1 tph continues to Scarborough via Beverley, Bridlington and Seamer, and operates semi-fast to Hull Paragon
 * 1 tph to Adwick via Bentley
 * 1 tph to Leeds via Adwick, Fitzwilliam and Wakefield Westgate

TransPennine Express

 * 1 tph to Liverpool Lime Street via Sheffield, Manchester Piccadilly and Warrington Central
 * 1 tph to Cleethorpes via Scunthorpe, Barnetby and Grimsby Town

title: Doncaster railway station


text:
Arrondissement of Coutances

The arrondissement of Coutances is an arrondissement of France in the Manche department in the Normandy region. It has 80 communes. Its population is 70,845 (2016), and its area is 1142.1 km2.

Composition
The communes of the arrondissement of Coutances, and their INSEE codes, are:

 * 1) Agon-Coutainville (50003)
 * 2) Appeville (50016)
 * 3) Auxais (50024)
 * 4) La Baleine (50028)
 * 5) Baupte (50036)
 * 6) Belval (50044)
 * 7) Blainville-sur-Mer (50058)
 * 8) Brainville (50072)
 * 9) Bretteville-sur-Ay (50078)
 * 10) Bricqueville-la-Blouette (50084)
 * 11) Cambernon (50092)
 * 12) Cametours (50093)
 * 13) Camprond (50094)
 * 14) Cerisy-la-Salle (50111)
 * 15) Courcy (50145)
 * 16) Coutances (50147)
 * 17) Créances (50151)
 * 18) Doville (50166)
 * 19) Feugères (50181)
 * 20) La Feuillie (50182)
 * 21) Gavray-sur-Sienne (50197)
 * 22) Geffosses (50198)
 * 23) Gonfreville (50208)
 * 24) Gorges (50210)
 * 25) Gouville-sur-Mer (50215)
 * 26) Gratot (50219)
 * 27) Grimesnil (50221)
 * 28) Hambye (50228)
 * 29) Hauteville-la-Guichard (50232)
 * 30) Hauteville-sur-Mer (50231)
 * 31) La Haye (50236)
 * 32) Heugueville-sur-Sienne (50243)
 * 33) Laulne (50265)
 * 34) Lengronne (50266)
 * 35) Lessay (50267)
 * 36) Marchésieux (50289)
 * 37) Le Mesnil-Garnier (50311)
 * 38) Le Mesnil-Villeman (50326)
 * 39) Millières (50328)
 * 40) Montaigu-les-Bois (50336)
 * 41) Montcuit (50340)
 * 42) Monthuchon (50345)
 * 43) Montmartin-sur-Mer (50349)
 * 44) Montpinchon (50350)
 * 45) Montsenelle (50273)
 * 46) Muneville-le-Bingard (50364)
 * 47) Nay (50368)
 * 48) Neufmesnil (50372)
 * 49) Nicorps (50376)
 * 50) Notre-Dame-de-Cenilly (50378)
 * 51) Orval-sur-Sienne (50388)
 * 52) Ouville (50389)
 * 53) Périers (50394)
 * 54) Pirou (50403)
 * 55) Le Plessis-Lastelle (50405)
 * 56) Quettreville-sur-Sienne (50419)
 * 57) Raids (50422)
 * 58) Regnéville-sur-Mer (50429)
 * 59) Roncey (50437)
 * 60) Saint-Denis-le-Gast (50463)
 * 61) Saint-Denis-le-Vêtu (50464)
 * 62) Saint-Germain-sur-Ay (50481)
 * 63) Saint-Germain-sur-Sèves (50482)
 * 64) Saint-Malo-de-la-Lande (50506)
 * 65) Saint-Martin-d'Aubigny (50510)
 * 66) Saint-Martin-de-Cenilly (50513)
 * 67) Saint-Nicolas-de-Pierrepont (50528)
 * 68) Saint-Patrice-de-Claids (50533)
 * 69) Saint-Pierre-de-Coutances (50537)
 * 70) Saint-Sauveur-de-Pierrepont (50548)
 * 71) Saint-Sauveur-Villages (50550)
 * 72) Saint-Sébastien-de-Raids (50552)
 * 73) Saussey (50568)
 * 74) Savigny (50569)
 * 75) Tourneville-sur-Mer (50272)
 * 76) Tourville-sur-Sienne (50603)
 * 77) Varenguebec (50617)
 * 78) La Vendelée (50624)
 * 79) Ver (50626)
 * 80) Vesly (50629)

History
The arrondissement of Coutances was created in 1800. At the January 2017 reorganisation of the arrondissements of Manche, it gained two communes from the arrondissement of Saint-Lô, and it lost 14 communes to the arrondissement of Avranches, two communes to the arrondissement of Cherbourg and one commune to the arrondissement of Saint-Lô.

As a result of the reorganisation of the cantons of France which came into effect in 2015, the borders of the cantons are no longer related to the borders of the arrondissements. The cantons of the arrondissement of Coutances were, as of January 2015:

 * 1) Bréhal
 * 2) Cerisy-la-Salle
 * 3) Coutances
 * 4) Gavray
 * 5) La Haye-du-Puits
 * 6) Lessay
 * 7) Montmartin-sur-Mer
 * 8) Périers
 * 9) Saint-Malo-de-la-Lande
 * 10) Saint-Sauveur-Lendelin

title: Arrondissement of Coutances


text:
Caret notation

Caret notation is a notation for control characters in ASCII. The notation assigns ^A to control-code 1, sequentially through the alphabet to ^Z assigned to control-code 26 (0x1A). For the control-codes outside of the range 1–26, the notation extends to the adjacent, non-alphabetic ASCII characters.

Often a control character can be typed on a keyboard by holding down the and typing the character shown after the caret. The notation is often used to describe keyboard shortcuts even though the control character is not actually used (as in "type ^X to cut the text").

The meaning or interpretation of, or response to the individual control-codes is not prescribed by the caret notation.

Description
The notation consists of a caret (^) followed by a single character (usually a capital letter). The character has the ASCII code equal to the control code with the bit representing 0x40 reversed. A useful mnemonic, this has the effect of rendering the control codes 1 through 26 as ^A through ^Z. Seven ASCII control characters map outside the upper-case alphabet: 0 (NUL) is ^@, 27 (ESC) is ^[, 28 is ^\, 29 is ^], 30 is ^^, 31 is ^_, and 127 (DEL) is ^?.

Examples are "^M^J" for the Windows CR, LF newline pair, and describing the ANSI escape sequence to clear the screen as "^[[3J |undefined".

Only the use of characters in the range of 63–95 ("?@ABC...XYZ[\]^_") is specifically allowed in the notation, but use of lower-case alphabetic characters entered at the keyboard is nearly always allowed – they are treated as equivalent to upper-case letters. When converting to a control character, except for '?', masking with 0x1F will produce the same result and also turn lower-case into the same control character as upper-case.

There is no corresponding version of the caret notation for control-codes with more than 7 bits such as the C1 control characters from 128–159 (0x80–0x9F). Some programs that produce caret notation show these as backslash and octal ("\200" through "\237"). Also see the bar notation used by Acorn Computers, below.

History
The convention dates back to at least the PDP-6 (1964). A manual for the PDP-6 describes as printing ↑C, i.e., a small superscript upwards arrow before the C. In the change from 1961 ASCII to 1968 ASCII, the up arrow became a caret.

Use in software
Many computer systems allow the user to enter a control character by holding down Control key and pressing the letter used in the caret notation. This is practical, because many control characters (e.g., EOT) cannot be entered directly from a keyboard. Although there are many ways to represent control characters, this correspondence between notation and typing makes the caret notation suitable for many applications.

Usually, the need to hold down is avoided, for instance lower-case letters work just like upper-case ones. On a US keyboard layout produces DEL and  produces ^@. It is also common for to produce ^@.

Caret notation is used to describe control characters in output by many programs, particularly Unix terminal drivers and text file viewers such as more and less commands. Although the use of control-codes is somewhat standard, some uses differ from operating system to operating system, or even from program to program. The actual meaning or interpretation of the individual control-codes is not prescribed by the caret notation, and although the ASCII specification does give names to the control-codes, it does not prescribe how software should respond to them.

Alternate notations
The GSTrans string processing API on the operating systems for the Acorn Atom and the BBC Micro, and on RISC OS for the Acorn Archimedes and later machines, use the vertical bar character in place of the caret. For example, M (pronounced "control em", the same as for the ^M notation) is the carriage return character, ASCII 13. is the vertical bar character code 124, ? is character 127 as above and ! adds 128 to the code of the character that follows it, so ! is character code 128 + 127 = 255.

title: Caret notation


text:
Lebanon national rugby league team

The Lebanon national rugby league team (المنتخب اللبناني للرجبي ليغ, Équipe du Liban de rugby à XIII) represents Lebanon in rugby league football. Nicknamed "the Cedars" after the Lebanese cedar tree, the team was formed by Lebanese Australians in 1997 and have been administered by the Lebanese Rugby League Federation since 2002.

The Cedars have competed at three Rugby League World Cups (2000, 2017, 2021) achieving their best result as quarter-finalists at the latter two. The team's World Cup history has been defined by close losses and unfavourable draws. They were eliminated in 2000 following a 24–22 loss to and a 22–22 draw with the, and knocked-out in 2017 by a 24–22 loss to a much stronger n team. Lebanon's two unsuccessful qualifying attempts for the 2008 and 2013 tournaments were both decided by points difference after drawing with  in 2006 and again in 2007, and  in 2011.

The current head coach is Australian Michael Cheika, who was appointed in October 2020.

History
A team consisting of Lebanese Australians represented Lebanon at the 1997 Rugby League World Sevens.

2000 World Cup
Lebanon was placed in the Mediterranean Pool for qualification to the 2000 World Cup. In their first game they defeated Italy 36–16, and then defeated Morocco 104–0. In this match, captain Hazem El Masri scored a total of 48 points, the highest number of points ever scored by one player in an international match. To qualify they had to beat the Pacific Rim Pool winners, the USA. They won 62–8 and secured the final place in the World Cup. Following the match the team were warned about their conduct after a car-park fight which resulted in American winger Tony Fabri being taken to hospital.

The Cedars were in a pool with favourites New Zealand, Wales and Cook Islands. The team were well beaten against New Zealand in Gloucester. Head coach John Elias said after the game that his team were simply out of their depth. However Lebanon did much better in the match against Wales. It wasn't until Wales had scored four tries that Lebanon had finally got on the score board with a Michael Coorey try in the 35th minute. In the second half Lebanon performed much better, but two late Hassan Saleh tries left Lebanon losing 24–22. By far the easiest game on paper was the match against the Cook Islands. With just five minutes remaining though, The Cedars found themselves 22–10 down, before Hazem El Masri scored a second try and centre Charles Baynie scored one too in last minute to seal a 22–22 draw for Lebanon. This point was enough to keep them off bottom place in the group, but they had not done enough to earn a place in the quarter-finals.

In 2002, Lebanon beat France 36–6 in front of 16,713 spectators at Tripoli to clinch the Mediterranean Cup for a second time. In 2003 played host to another Mediterranean Cup with Lebanon beating France again in final, albeit this was a much closer match at 26–18 with Wissam El Masri only fully securing the win in the last minute. In the final Mediterranean Cup in 2004, Lebanon made it three victories in a row. Just like last year's cup, they easily beat Morocco and Serbia to face the French in the final again. France trailed 30–8 at half time but in the second half it was a much tighter affair with Toufiq Nicolas and a third Ahmed Al Masri try finally sealing a 42–14 victory for Lebanon despite a late consolation try for France. It is also worth noting that a young Thomas Bosc featured in that match for France. He would then go on to play in the 2007 Challenge Cup Final.

2008 World Cup qualifying
Despite wanting to host another Mediterranean Cup in 2005, Lebanon did not play another international until November 2006. With a place in the 2008 World Cup up for grabs, Lebanon were drawn in a group with Russia and Ireland. In Darren Maroon's first match as head coach, Lebanon beat Russia 22–8 in a tight and tense match at the New River Stadium in North London. Ireland however had already thrashed Russia beforehand and so Lebanon needed to beat Ireland in Dublin to go top of the table. Centre Daniel Chiha crossed over the line after 13 minutes, but the conversion was missed. John Koborsi then extended the lead for Lebanon and the team went into half time 0–10 up. However within 6 minutes after half-time, Ireland had scored two tries and they were now in front. A little later Chris Salem then intercepted a ball near his own line and ran the whole length of the pitch to score a spectacular try. This lead didn't last though and in the last minutes of the game Ireland scored a try to end the game 18–18. In 2007 the World Cup qualifying matches continued. In October the team travelled to Moscow and put nine-tries past Russia to win 0–48. Because Ireland had a significantly better points difference then Lebanon, The Cedars needed a win to qualify, a draw or a narrow defeat was simply not good enough. At the end of the Russia match, despite the easy victory, Darren Maroon said that the team must make big improvements if they were to beat the Irish. Due to the volatile situation in Lebanon, The Cedars had to play their "home tie" in Dewsbury, England. A George Ndaira try in the first half meant that Lebanon went into half time on the wrong end of a 12–4 scoreline. Chris Salem immediately scored a try after the interval though and Lebanon were back in the game. In the 63rd minute prop Charlie Nohra was sent off, leaving Lebanon with 12 men and a huge upward struggle. Frank Samia scored a converted try near the end of the match and so Lebanon were ahead for the first time in the match. In the last minute the two points were taken away as a high-tackle gave Ireland a penalty which they scored to end the game 16–16. Lebanon had not done enough to secure a place in the World Cup.

But because they had finished, they went into a repechage match with three other teams, Wales, USA and Samoa. They faced Wales first and won that match in Widnes, England. In took a long time for Lebanon too actually take the lead for the first time in the match, but in the second half Lebanon were much stronger than Wales and eventually posted nine tries, including three by Chris Salem, against Wales' five. This victory also meant that Lebanon had extended their unbeaten streak to 13 matches, and in doing so beating Australia's record of 12 unbeaten matches from 1999 to 2001. Samoa had beaten the US in the other match and so Lebanon and Samoa faced each other in Featherstone, England for the tenth and final place in the 2008 World Cup. Samoa had a lot of the possession during the match and were noticeably physically larger. Samoa went into half time with a 28–8 lead despite a George Ndaira try for Lebanon on the 18th minute and an Adnan Saleh try very near to half-time. Two more tries in the second half were not enough for Lebanon and they lost the match 16–38, scoring four tries but converting none of them.

2013 World Cup Qualifying
Lebanon were drawn against Serbia, Italy and Russia in the qualifying group for the 2013 Rugby League World Cup, with the winners of the group progressing to the final tournament. Following comfortable victories over Serbia and Russia, Lebanon set up a winner-takes-all match against Italy in Belgrade on 29 October. The game finished in a draw with the score at 19–19, which meant that Italy qualified for the World Cup ahead of Lebanon based on points difference. This is the second time in a row that Lebanon have failed to qualify for the World Cup despite not losing a game in the qualifiers.

Return to the World Cup, player disputes (2015–19)
The Middle East-Africa region was allocated one slot for the 2017 Rugby League World Cup. The qualifying tournament was held in October 2015 in Pretoria as a two-match series between Lebanon and. Travis Robinson scored hat-tricks in both matches as Lebanon qualified comfortably with an aggregate score of 90–28.

The Cedars were coached by Brad Fittler and captained by Robbie Farah at the 2017 World Cup. Ivan Cleary was initially announced as head coach, but resigned after taking the head coach position at the Wests Tigers in April 2017. He was replaced by Fittler. Lebanon competed in Group A, defeating 29–18 in a close match, losing 29–10 to, and holding onto for a commendable 34–0 loss to  tournament favourites. Notably, Lebanon kept the score to 10–0 until the 50th minute and 22–0 until the 76th minute. In the quarter-final, Lebanon came close to upsetting, remaining within one try for most of the match, but ultimately lost 24–22. Lebanon's progression to the quarter-finals earned them automatic qualification for the next World Cup in 2021.

Lebanon's planned test match against in June 2018 was cancelled following reports of a player boycott. Chris Saab and Michael Hedwan notified the LRLF of the boycott, alleging that the team was underfunded and unsupported by the administration during the World Cup. Fittler, who had since been appointed head coach of the New South Wales State of Origin team, supported the boycott. The LRLF refuted all claims of economic mismanagement and also denied the existence of a squad-wide boycott. The LRLF cited a loss of sponsorship due to negative publicity as the reason for withdrawing from the match. Michael Maguire reportedly walked away from negotiations to coach the team during this period.

Rick Stone was appointed head coach ahead of the Cedars' June 2019 match against. The lead-up to the game was impacted by continued player unrest, with many members of the playing squad choosing to cover the LRLF's logo at training and during media appearances. Concerns about the state of the domestic competition in Lebanon, which could jeopardise the team's eligibility to compete at the next World Cup, was stated to be the motivating factor. The LRLF claimed that covering their logo consititued a criminal offence under Lebanese law. Although mediation ensured that no players concealed the logo during the match, in which Lebanon were outclassed by Fiji 58–14, misconduct charges for sixteen players were subsequently announced by the LRLF.

Lebanon's participation in the 2019 Rugby League World Cup 9s in October 2019 was allegedly in doubt due to reports that several high-profile players would withdraw from the tournament.

2021 World Cup
Lebanon automatically qualified for the 2021 Rugby League World Cup in England having reached the quarter finals of the previous Rugby League World Cup. Michael Cheika was announced as head coach in October 2020.

At 2021 Rugby League World Cup, the cedars competed in Group C of the tournament. Two wins against Ireland and Jamaica and one loss against New Zealand book Lebanon a quarter-final match against Australia. Unfortunately, the loss to Australia in the quarter-final stopped Lebanon from advancing to the Semi-final in that tournament. However, their run to the quarter-final also ensured the cedars qualification for the next Rugby League World Cup.

Current squad
For the 2021 Rugby League World Cup.

Competitive record
Lebanon has been participating in International fixtures since 1998 and has played 51 games since then to the end of the 2017 World Cup group stage, at an average of three games per year. Most of Lebanon's games have been played as friendlies or as part of the Mediterranean Cup which has taken place sporadically from 1999, with Lebanon winning all 5 tournaments that have been held. The team remains mostly composed of players of Lebanese ancestry from Australia.

Lebanon have a 63.46% win record, holding impressive records against a number of more experienced teams such as France whom they hold an 80% win record from 5 games and a 75% win record against Italy whom they have played 8 times. Lebanon have played the 'big three' teams of Australia, New Zealand and England once each, losing each time, the losses against Australia and England coming in the group stage of the 2017 World Cup.

Over the 22 years of Lebanon's existence, Lebanon has played 21 different countries, playing Italy the most with 8 matches between the two sides.

The following table underneath shows Lebanon's all-time rugby league results record up to date as of 24 December 2020. They have been participating in International fixtures since 1998.

†Includes matches played against the France Espoirs side.

title: Lebanon national rugby league team


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Cattywhompus

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was Delete --Allen3 talk 12:04, August 2, 2005 (UTC)

Cattywhompus
Non-notable slang word. Delete. Sjakkalle (Check!)  11:50, 19 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete. Not worthy of move to Wiktionary either. KeithD 12:05, 19 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete as a neologism. Just because some non-notable guy at some school used it once in the entire history of the world doesn't mean it's suddenly an encyclopedic concept.   — J I P | Talk 16:33, 19 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment This word has a number of spelling variants (catawampus seems the most prevalent). The online dictionaries I consulted seemed pretty uncertain as to etymology. VisibleInk 17:23, July 19, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete slang dicdef. JamesBurns 07:43, 20 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete dicdef. But it is worthy of a Wiktionary entry; my family and others that I know have been using this word since I was a child. Tygertyger 17:18, July 27, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep Change the spelling to the more conventional "catawampus" if you like, but it is a good word to include in Wikiworld. Oh, and p.s. to the grump with the comment about the "non-notable guy" -- it was a truly notable woman, pal.  LDEWMCB 22:45, August 1, 2005
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
User talk:Aadnk

Hi, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thanks for your contributions to the coolest online encyclopedia I know of =). I sure hope you stick around; we're always in need of more people to create new articles and improve the ones we already have.  You'll probably find it easiest to start with a tutorial of how the wikipedia works, and you can test stuff for yourself in the sandbox.  When you're contributing, you'll probably find the manual of style to be helpful, and you'll also want to remember a couple important guidelines.  First, write from a neutral point of view, second, be bold in editing pages, and third, use wikiquette.  Those are probably the most important ones, and you can take a look at some others at the policies and guidelines page. You might also be interested in how to write a great article and possibly adding some images to your articles.

Be sure to get involved in the community – you can contact me at my talk page if you have any questions, and you can check out the village pump, where lots of wikipedians hang out and discuss things. If you're looking for something to do, check out the community portal. And whenever you ask a question or post something on a talk page, be sure to sign your name by typing ~~~~.

Again, welcome! It's great to have you. Happy editing! --Spangineer (háblame)  11:50, July 19, 2005 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Flaaklypa grand prix resized.gif
Thanks for uploading or contributing to Image:Flaaklypa grand prix resized.gif. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in Wikipedia articles constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If you have uploaded other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on those pages too. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.BetacommandBot 09:50, 4 June 2007 (UTC)

Rollback
You have been granted with the rollback permission on the basis of your recent effort on dealing with vandalism. The rollback is a revert tool which can lessens the strains that normal javascripts such as twinkle put on the Wikipedia servers. You will find that you will revert faster through the rollback than through the normal reversion tools such as javascripts and the undo feature, which means that you could save time especially when reverting very large articles such as the George W. Bush page. To use it, simply click the link which should look like [ rollback ] (which should appear unbolded if you have twinkle installed) on the lastest diff page. The rollback link will also appear on the history page beside the edit summary of the lastest edit. For more information, you may refer to this page, alternatively, you may also find this tutorial on rollback helpful. Yamamoto Ichiro 会話 21:14, 17 February 2008 (UTC)

File:Arecibo shifted.png listed for deletion
A file that you uploaded or altered, File:Arecibo shifted.png, has been listed at Files for deletion. Please see the to see why it has been listed (you may have to search for the title of the image to find its entry). Feel free to add your opinion on the matter below the nomination. Thank you. Sfan00 IMG (talk) 20:32, 2 August 2013 (UTC)

File:Arecibo shifted.png listed for discussion
A file that you uploaded or altered, File:Arecibo shifted.png, has been listed at Files for discussion. Please see the to see why it has been listed (you may have to search for the title of the image to find its entry). Feel free to add your opinion on the matter below the nomination. Thank you. Jon Kolbert (talk) 04:05, 27 March 2017 (UTC)

title: User talk:Aadnk


text:
User:Uthar Wynn 01

I will post info about me soon...

title: User:Uthar Wynn 01


text:
Francisco Mancebo

Francisco Mancebo Pérez (born 9 March 1976) is a Spanish professional cyclist, who currently rides for UCI Continental team. He initially rode for team, but moved to in 2006.

Mancebo is a stage race specialist, with good climbing and individual time trial performances. He was the winner of the Spanish National Road Race Championships in 2004, and finished third in the Vuelta a España. He finished sixth in the 2004 Tour de France and fourth in the 2005 Tour de France. He also won a stage of the 2005 Vuelta a España and finished fourth in the general classification.

Career
Born in Madrid, Mancebo won the young rider classification at the 2000 Tour de France.

Mancebo was himself implicated in the Operación Puerto doping case and was pulled from that year's Tour de France on the eve of the race. Contrary to reports circulating at the time, Mancebo denies that he ever retired after news of the affair broke. "I never retired. Some journalists said I did, but that never happened", Mancebo told Cyclingnews. "I changed my focus."

In the 2009 season, he rode with the team. For 2010 he rode with Heraklion Kastro-Murcia and with the Canyon Bicycle's Team in the Tour of Utah, in an effort to defend his overall classification title. In 2011, he rode with the Realcyclist.com Cycling Team, where he was the #1 rider in the NRC standings. For 2012 he rode with the Competitive Cyclist Racing Team repeating as the NRC Champion and named Stage Racer of the Year by VeloNews. 2013 saw Mancebo ride under the colors of.

Mancebo joined the Continental squad for its debut season in 2014. He stayed with the team through to the 2016 season: in April 2017 announced that they had signed him for 2017.

Mountain bike

 * 2009
 * 1st MaillotEspaña.PNG Marathon, National Championships

 * 2010
 * 1st MaillotEspaña.PNG Marathon, National Championships

 * 2014
 * 1st MaillotEspaña.PNG Marathon, National Championships

 * 2016
 * 1st MaillotEspaña.PNG Marathon, National Championships
 * UCI Marathon Series
 * 2nd Titan Villuercas

 * 2021
 * 3rd Marathon, National Championships

Road

 * 1994
 * 3rd Road race, National Junior Championships

 * 1997
 * 1st Stage 5b Vuelta a Navarra
 * 3rd Prueba Villafranca de Ordizia
 * 7th Road race, UCI World Under-23 Championships

 * 1998 (1 pro win)
 * 1st Trofeo Foral de Navarra

 * 1999
 * 3rd Circuito de Getxo
 * 5th Overall Vuelta a Andalucía
 * 5th Klasika Primavera
 * 6th Clásica de San Sebastián
 * 8th Overall Vuelta a La Rioja

 * 2000 (4)
 * 1st Overall Vuelta a Castilla y León
 * 1st Stage 5
 * 1st Clásica a los Puertos de Guadarrama
 * 2nd Overall Route du Sud
 * 1st Stage 2
 * 3rd Overall Paris–Nice
 * 7th Klasika Primavera
 * 9th Overall Tour de France
 * 1st Young rider classification

 * 2001
 * 4th Overall Tour Méditerranéen
 * 5th Overall Route du Sud
 * 6th GP Miguel Induráin
 * 8th Klasika Primavera
 * 9th Overall Grand Prix du Midi Libre
 * 10th Giro di Lombardia

 * 2002 (1)
 * 1st Overall Vuelta a Burgos
 * 5th Overall Vuelta a Castilla y León
 * 5th Clásica a los Puertos de Guadarrama
 * 6th GP Miguel Induráin
 * 7th Overall Tour de France
 * 8th Overall Volta a Catalunya
 * 10th Klasika Primavera
 * 10th Giro di Lombardia

 * 2003 (2)
 * 1st Overall Vuelta a Castilla y León
 * 1st Stage 1 (TTT)
 * 1st Classique des Alpes
 * 2nd Overall Vuelta a La Rioja
 * 1st Points classification
 * 2nd Subida al Naranco
 * 2nd Memorial Galera
 * 4th Overall Critérium du Dauphiné Libéré
 * 5th Overall Vuelta a España
 * 9th Overall Vuelta a Aragón
 * 10th Overall Tour de France

 * 2004 (2)
 * 1st Road race, National Championships
 * 2nd Rund um die Hainleite
 * 3rd Overall Vuelta a España
 * 5th Overall Deutschland Tour
 * 1st Stage 6
 * 5th Overall Vuelta a Aragón
 * 6th Overall Tour de France
 * 8th Overall Tour de Romandie

 * 2005 (1)
 * 2nd Road race, National Championships
 * 2nd Japan Cup
 * 4th Overall Tour de France
 * 4th Overall Vuelta a España
 * 1st Stage 10
 * 5th Overall Clásica Internacional de Alcobendas
 * 9th Clásica a los Puertos de Guadarrama
 * 10th Overall Critérium du Dauphiné Libéré

 * 2006
 * 5th Overall Critérium du Dauphiné Libéré
 * 1st Points classification
 * 7th Overall Volta a Catalunya

 * 2007
 * 1st Overall Vuelta a Chihuahua
 * 2nd Subida al Naranco
 * 3rd Overall Tour of Qinghai Lake
 * 3rd Overall Tour de San Luis
 * 4th Overall Route du Sud
 * 4th Overall Vuelta a Asturias
 * 5th Overall Vuelta por un Chile Líder
 * 1st Stage 7b (ITT)
 * 5th Klasika Primavera
 * 6th Overall Vuelta a Andalucía
 * 6th Overall Volta a Catalunya
 * 7th GP Miguel Induráin

 * 2008
 * 1st Overall Vuelta a Chihuahua
 * 2nd Overall Vuelta a la Comunidad de Madrid
 * 3rd Overall GP CTT Correios de Portugal
 * 6th Overall Clásica Internacional de Alcobendas
 * 6th Overall Volta a Portugal
 * 9th Gran Premio de Llodio

 * 2009 (3)
 * 1st Overall Vuelta a Asturias
 * 1st Stage 4
 * 1st Overall Tour of Utah
 * 1st Stage 1
 * 1st Stage 1 Tour of California
 * 2nd Cascade Cycling Classic
 * 4th Time trial, National Championships
 * 7th Overall Vuelta a Chihuahua
 * 9th Overall Vuelta a la Comunidad de Madrid

 * 2010
 * 1st Overall Tour de Guadeloupe
 * 1st Stage 1 (ITT)
 * 1st Christmas Race
 * 2nd Overall Tour of Utah
 * 3rd Overall Tour of Bulgaria
 * 4th Overall Vuelta a la Comunidad de Madrid
 * 5th Overall Cinturó de l'Empordà
 * 6th Prueba Villafranca de Ordizia
 * 8th Overall UCI America Tour
 * 10th Overall Tour de Beauce

 * 2011
 * 1st Overall USA National Racing Calendar
 * 1st Overall Tour of the Gila
 * 1st Mountains classification
 * 1st Stages 1 & 5
 * 1st Overall Sea Otter Classic
 * 1st Stages 2 & 3
 * 1st Overall Tour de Beauce
 * 1st Points classification
 * 1st Stage 3
 * 1st Overall Redlands Bicycle Classic
 * 1st Stage 1
 * 1st Overall Cascade Cycling Classic
 * 1st Stage 2
 * 1st Prueba Escuela de Alaejos
 * 4th Overall San Dimas Stage Race
 * 7th Overall Joe Martin Stage Race
 * 1st Stage 1

 * 2012
 * 1st Overall USA National Racing Calendar
 * 1st Overall Tucson Bicycle Classic
 * 1st Stage 2
 * 1st Overall Joe Martin Stage Race
 * 1st Stage 1
 * 1st Overall Cascade Cycling Classic
 * 1st Stage 1
 * 1st Tour of the Battenkill
 * 3rd Overall Redlands Bicycle Classic
 * 4th Overall Tour of the Gila
 * 7th Overall Tour de Beauce
 * 1st Points classification
 * 1st Stage 1
 * 7th Overall Rutas de América
 * 8th Taiwan KOM Challenge
 * 9th Overall San Dimas Stage Race

 * 2013 (1)
 * 1st Overall USA National Racing Calendar
 * 1st Overall Redlands Bicycle Classic
 * 1st Stage 4
 * 2nd Overall Joe Martin Stage Race
 * 2nd Overall Vuelta a Castilla y León
 * 2nd Heber Valley Circuit Race
 * 3rd Overall Tour of the Gila
 * 1st Stage 5
 * 4th Overall Tour de Beauce
 * 1st Stage 3
 * 5th Overall UCI America Tour
 * 5th Overall Cascade Cycling Classic
 * 7th Overall Tour of California
 * 7th Overall Tour of Alberta
 * 7th Philadelphia International Cycling Classic
 * 9th Overall Tour of Utah
 * 1st Stage 6
 * 10th Overall Tour of Taihu Lake

 * 2014
 * 1st Overall Tour de Kumano
 * 1st Stage 2
 * 1st El Ganso del Escorial
 * Arab Games Clubs
 * 2nd Silver medal with cup.svg Road race
 * 2nd Silver medal with cup.svg Time trial
 * 3rd Bronze medal with cup.svg Team time trial
 * 3rd Overall Tour of Thailand
 * 4th Overall Sharjah International Cycling Tour
 * 5th Overall Jelajah Malaysia
 * 5th Melaka Governor's Cup

 * 2015
 * 1st Overall Tour d'Egypte
 * 1st Stage 1
 * 1st Overall Jelajah Malaysia
 * 1st Stages 1 & 2 (TTT)
 * 2nd El Ganso del Escorial
 * 3rd Overall Sharjah International Cycling Tour
 * 4th Klasika Primavera
 * 5th Overall Tour de Langkawi
 * 5th Overall Tour of Japan
 * 7th Overall La Tropicale Amissa Bongo
 * 8th GP Miguel Induráin
 * 9th Overall Tour of Taihu Lake
 * 10th Overall Vuelta a Castilla y León
 * 10th Overall Cascade Cycling Classic
 * 1st Stage 1

 * 2016 (1)
 * 1st El Ganso del Escorial
 * 1st Stage 5 Tour of Alberta
 * 2nd Overall Tour de Taiwan
 * 2nd Overall Sharjah International Cycling Tour
 * 1st Stage 1 (TTT)
 * 2nd Memorial Clavero
 * 4th Overall Tour de Langkawi

 * 2017
 * 4th Overall Grand Prix Cycliste de Saguenay

 * 2018
 * 2nd Overall Tour de Guadeloupe
 * 5th Winston-Salem Cycling Classic
 * 6th Overall Tour du Maroc

 * 2019
 * 1st Overall Ronda Pilipinas
 * 1st Stage 1
 * 1st Overall Minamiuonuma Road
 * 1st Mountains classification, Vuelta a la Comunidad de Madrid
 * 2nd Overall Ministry of Economy Commerce and Industry Japan
 * 3rd Overall Akiyoshidai Karst Race
 * 4th Overall Tour of Japan
 * 4th Japan Cup
 * 6th Overall Tour de Tochigi
 * 9th Overall Tour de Kumano

 * 2020
 * 1st Overall Ministry of Economy Commerce and Industry Japan

 * 2021
 * 1st Oita Urban Classic
 * 4th Overall Tour of Japan

 * 2022
 * 4th Oita Ikoinomichi Criterium
 * 6th Overall Tour of Japan
 * 6th Oita Urban Classic
 * 10th Overall Tour de Kumano
 * 10th Overall Tour de Hokkaido

 * 2023
 * 4th Oita Urban Classic
 * 4th Tour de Okinawa
 * 10th Overall Tour de Kumano

title: Francisco Mancebo


text:
Comparison of project management software

The following is a comparison of project management software.


text:
User talk:Germish~enwiki

Hi, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thanks for your contributions to the coolest online encyclopedia I know of =). I sure hope you stick around; we're always in need of more people to create new articles and improve the ones we already have.  You'll probably find it easiest to start with a tutorial of how the wikipedia works, and you can test stuff for yourself in the sandbox.  When you're contributing, you'll probably find the manual of style to be helpful, and you'll also want to remember a couple important guidelines.  First, write from a neutral point of view, second, be bold in editing pages, and third, use wikiquette.  Those are probably the most important ones, and you can take a look at some others at the policies and guidelines page. You might also be interested in how to write a great article and possibly adding some images to your articles.

Be sure to get involved in the community – you can contact me at my talk page if you have any questions, and you can check out the village pump, where lots of wikipedians hang out and discuss things. If you're looking for something to do, check out the community portal. And whenever you ask a question or post something on a talk page, be sure to sign your name by typing ~~~~.

Again, welcome! It's great to have you. Happy editing! --Spangineer (háblame)  11:51, July 19, 2005 (UTC)

Hi, Thanks for the message. I had the same already in German when I signed up there. By the way it's with the same user name. -- Ralf (Germish) 21:16, 19 July 2005 (UTC)

Unspecified source/license for Image:Head First.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Head First.jpg. The image has been identified as not specifying the copyright status of the image, which is required by Wikipedia's policy on images. Even if you created the image yourself, you still need to release it so Wikipedia can use it. If you don't indicate the copyright status of the image on the image's description page, using an appropriate copyright tag, it may be deleted some time in the next seven days. If you made this image yourself, you can use copyright tags like PD-self (to release all rights), (to require that you be credited), or any tag here - just go to the image, click edit, and add one of those. If you have uploaded other images, please verify that you have provided copyright information for them as well.

For more information on using images, see the following pages:
 * Image use policy
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This is an automated notice by MifterBot. For assistance on the image use policy, see Media copyright questions. NOTE: once you correct this, please remove the tag from the image's page. --MifterBot (Talk • Contribs • Owner) 21:31, 8 September 2008 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Germish. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Germish~enwiki that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name. If you think you might own all of the accounts with this name and this message is in error, please visit Special:MergeAccount to check and attach all of your accounts to prevent them from being renamed.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 00:03, 20 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 13:14, 22 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Germish~enwiki


text:
Fuhua

Fuhua may refer to:

 * Fuhua Primary School in Jurong East, Singapore
 * Fuhua Secondary School in Jurong West, Singapore

title: Fuhua


text:
File:Canoeing Moscow 1980.jpg

Source
Low-res version from:

title: File:Canoeing Moscow 1980.jpg


text:
Happy Apple

Happy Apple is an American jazz trio from Minneapolis, Minnesota.

Initially formed in 1996 by David King (drums), Michael Lewis (saxophone), Anton Denner (saxophone) and Cully Swansen (bass), since 1998 the lineup has consisted of King, Lewis, and bass guitarist Erik Fratzke.

All three members compose music for the group, which places equal emphasis on improvisation. Happy Apple plays a brand of jazz music drawing on several other genres; the group's members play in other bands ranging from indie rock and heavy metal to free jazz and electronic. The best known of these is The Bad Plus, in which King also plays drums.

The name Happy Apple comes from a Fisher-Price toy from the 1970s which King often uses as an auxiliary percussion instrument.

Critical reception
Reviewing the group's 2003 album Youth Oriented, CMJ New Music Report said that "Happy Apple has an edgy appeal, fueled by its elastic sense of rhythm and dynamics. The band can groove hard for extended stetches, playing with the singlemindedness of a rock group, or it can sit in one place, working on a freetime idea just as comfortably."

Albums

 * Blown Shockwaves & Crash Flow (Self-released, 1997)
 * Part of the Solutionproblem (No Alternative, 1998)
 * Body Popping Moon Walking Top Rocking (No Alternative, 1999)
 * Jazzercise with the Elders/E Equals What I Says It Does/God Bless Certain Portions of the USA (Self-released, 2000)
 * Please Refrain from Fronting (Self-released, 2001)
 * Youth Oriented (Sunnyside, 2003)
 * The Peace Between Our Companies (Sunnyside, 2004 Europe, 2005 North America)
 * Happy Apple Back on Top (Sunnyside, 2007)
 * New York CD (Self-released, 2020)

title: Happy Apple


text:
Antonio Martorell

Antonio ("Toño") Martorell Cardona (born 18 April 1939) is a Puerto Rican painter, graphic artist and writer. He regularly exhibits in Puerto Rico and the United States and participates in arts events around the world. He spends his time between his workshops in Ponce, Hato Rey, and New York City, his presentations worldwide and his academic work in Cayey, Puerto Rico.

Early years
Martorell Cardona was born on 18 April 1939, in Santurce, Puerto Rico. He is the son of Antonio Martorell II and Luisa Cardona. His father left the family when Martorell was ten years old. He is the first of three children. He first started showing interest in arts as a small child with drawings.

Schooling
He studied diplomacy at Georgetown University in Washington, D.C., and then in 1961 went to study painting with Julio Martín Caro in Madrid. In the 1960s, he worked in Ponce, collaborating with Sor Isolina Ferre in the creation of community art workshops. He also worked at the workshop of Lorenzo Homar at the Instituto de Cultura Puertorriqueña between 1962 and 1965. He currently is the Resident Artist of the University of Puerto Rico at Cayey.

Career
Martorell's incursion into the arts came by the way of theater on 25 April 2001. He participated in the scenography of "Celebración Verdiana " for the opera by Plácido Domingo.

Painting
Martorell currently has a workshop in New York City and another one on Calle Salmon (old Calle Comercio) in barrio Playa, Ponce, at a building that dates to 1815 and which he has occupied since 2007. Of his breezy workshop at Playa de Ponce and his spiritual connection there he has said "more than Ponceño, I am a Playero...My north now is the South and its wide horizons."

Martorell was the winner of the Bienal de Arte de San Juan, and has illustrated books of several authors including Alma Rosa Flor, Heraclio Cepeda, Nicholasa Mohr, and Pura Belpré. He also illustrated the ABC de Puerto Rico published by Troutman Press.

Writing
In the 1980s, Martorell dedicated himself to writing, producing various books. As a writer, Martorell has written books such as La piel de la memoria (translated as Memory's Tattoo by Andrew Hurley), and El libro dibujado (The Drawn Book). He currently writes a column for Escenario, a section of Puerto Rican newspaper El Vocero.

Awards
On 21 March 2023, Martorell was awarded the National Medal of Arts by the president of the United States, Joe Biden.

Personal life
In December 2006, Martorell's workshop in Cayey, Puerto Rico, was subjected to arson with the loss of many works of art.

Works
The most extensive publication on Martorell's work is Antonio Díaz-Royo's biography Martorell: la aventura de la creación (The Adventure of Creation). His paintings are found at the Instituto de Cultura Puertorriqueña, Museo de la Universidad de Puerto Rico, Museo de Arte de Ponce, Museo de Arte de Puerto Rico, Galería Nacional de San Salvador, Museo de Arte Moderno de México, Museo del Barrio, Whitney Museum and Hotel Melia in Ponce, Puerto Rico.

Matorell's works have been reviewed by numerous critics. One, Nelson Rivera Rosario, analyzed three works by Martorell: Catálogo de objetos [Catalogue of Objects] (1974); White Christmas (1980); and Simplicity Patterns (1981). In his interpretation, Rivera Rosario believes the three works represent Martorell's attempt to provide the Puerto Rican viewer with "the means to see and evaluate their colonial status” so that, hopefully, they might lead to “eventual decolonization.”

Publications

 * La piel de la memoria. [Puerto Rico]: Ediciones Envergadura, 1991.
 * El libro dibujado: el dibujo librado. Cayey [P.R.]; New York: Ediciones Envergadura, 1995.
 * Memory’s Tattoo. Translation of La piel de la memoria from the Spanish by Andrew Hurley; foreword by Luis Rafael Sánchez. San Juan, P.R.: Editorial Plaza Mayor, 2005. ISBN 1-56328-239-9.

title: Antonio Martorell


text:
User talk:Jp.publishers

Please do not add commercial links or links to your own private websites to Wikipedia. Wikipedia is not a vehicle for advertising or a mere collection of external links. See the welcome page if you would like to learn more about contributing to our encyclopedia. Thanks. — Asbestos | Talk  11:51, 19 July 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Jp.publishers


text:
Dembei

Dembei (伝兵衛 Dembei, Дэмбэй) was a Japanese castaway who, through Vladimir Atlasov, provided Russia with some of its first knowledge of Japan.

Biography
He was a merchant clerk accompanying a fleet of "thirty transports laden with goods for Edo," which had been caught in a storm; they found their way to Kamchatka and were found by Atlasov in 1701 or 1702. Despite pleading to be brought back to Japan, Dembei and another young Japanese person (who did not survive long) were instead brought to Saint Petersburg, where he told Peter the Great what he could about Japan. He taught some of the Japanese language to a few Russians, making him the father of Japanese language education in Russia. He was baptized as Gabriel and spent the rest of his life in Saint Petersburg.

Although it is unlikely that Dembei had any significant knowledge of Japan's politics or military organization or anything else that might prove particularly strategic to the Russians, it roused Russia's interest for exploration of Kamchatka and the Kurils, and for attempting to open up trade with Japan.

Some time between 1714 and 1719, he met traveller John Bell, who gave the following account: "...I saw at St. Petersburg a young man, a native of Japan, who, I believe, is yet alive in the Academy of Sciences at that place. I asked him, by what accident he was brought so far from his own country; and he gave me the following account. That his father and himself, with a few persons more, being at a noted town called Naggisaky, on the west coast of the island, employed about some affairs of trade, and having finished their business, intended to return to their own habitations, on the north shore, by sailing round the coast. Therefore went they on board a small boat, and begun their voyage homeward; but, meeting with a strong gale off the land, they were unfortunately driven out to sea; and, in a few days, were cast upon the coast of Kamtzatsky, half-starved, and in the greatest distress. In this condition they met with a Russian officer, who afforded them all that assistance which common humanity dictates on such occasions. Notwithstanding all his care, several of the old people died; being quite spent with fatigue, and want of victuals. That he and another youth, who was since dead, were sent to St. Petersburg, where his Majesty was pleased to order that they should be provided for in the Academy. This young man could read and write both the Japanese and Russian languages.""

title: Dembei


text:
Haverstock School

Haverstock School (formerly Haverstock Comprehensive School and Haverstock Hill School), is a coeducational secondary school and sixth form located on Haverstock Hill in Haverstock, London, England. It is opposite Chalk Farm Underground station, and bounded by Prince of Wales Road and Crogsland Road.

History
The original school buildings were completed by 1874. The school later became a comprehensive after World War II.

The school is Camden's first private finance initiative (PFI) school and underwent a £21 million re-build in 2006.

Standards
An Ofsted inspection in 2008 resulted in a judgement of Good, and that of 2017 as requiring improvement. It then achieved a result of Good following a further inspection.

In 2018, 66% of students achieved a grade 4 (equivalent to the old C) in Maths and English—an improvement from the previous year's 31% result.

Notable alumni

 * John Barnes – England football international
 * Tom Bentley – Politician and author
 * Joe Cole – England football international
 * Tulisa Contostavlos, Dino Contostavlos and Richard Rawson – N-Dubz group members
 * John Duffy and David Mulcahy – rapists and serial-killers
 * Julian Doyle – film-maker
 * Jermaine Eluemunor – American football player for the Las Vegas Raiders
 * Michael Gothard – actor
 * Marlon Harewood – Footballer
 * Nelufar Hedayat – presenter
 * Zoë Heller – journalist and Booker-prize shortlisted novelist.
 * Oona King – Labour politician
 * Steve McFadden – actor
 * David Miliband – Former Labour Party politician, former Foreign Secretary
 * Ed Miliband – Former Leader of the Labour Party
 * Charlie Sloth – DJ and radio presenter
 * Ben Wheatley – Film Director
 * Daniel Woodgate – Drummer for English Ska band Madness

title: Haverstock School


text:
File:Hockey Moscow 1980.jpg

Source
Low-res version from:

title: File:Hockey Moscow 1980.jpg


text:
File:Judo Moscow 1980.jpg

Source
Low-res version from:

title: File:Judo Moscow 1980.jpg


text:
Quair

Quair may refer to:
 * The Scots form of Paper quire used to describe a literary work, as in The Kingis Quair
 * Quair Water, a tributary of the River Tweed

title: Quair


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Valuelabs

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete. Sjakkalle (Check!)  07:58, 26 July 2005 (UTC)

Valuelabs
Advertising, spam, no content (Delete). — Asbestos | Talk  11:56, 19 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Original was a copyvio; the creator removed copyvio notice and reworded, then blanked this VfD. FreplySpang (talk) 12:05, 19 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete -- mere promotional material, with no factual content beyond the minimal.--Simon Cursitor 12:16, 19 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, advertising, no claim to notability asserted. Dcarrano 14:19, July 20, 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
User talk:81.144.158.195

October 2010
Welcome to Wikipedia. The recent edit that you made to the page Ulster Folk and Transport Museum has been reverted, as it appears to be unconstructive. Please use the sandbox for testing any edits; if you believe the edit was constructive, please ensure that you provide an informative edit summary. You may also wish to read the introduction to editing for further information. Thank you.  Tide  rolls  14:23, 23 October 2010 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of Bulletin of the Irish Biogeographical Society

The article Bulletin of the Irish Biogeographical Society has been proposed for deletion because of the following concern: "Not indexed in SCOPUS. No other evidence of NJournals"

While all constructive contributions to Wikipedia are appreciated, pages may be deleted for any of several reasons.

You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the notice, but please explain why in your edit summary or on the article's talk page.

Please consider improving the page to address the issues raised. Removing will stop the proposed deletion process, but other deletion processes exist. In particular, the speedy deletion process can result in deletion without discussion, and articles for deletion allows discussion to reach consensus for deletion. StarM 14:32, 12 March 2021 (UTC)

title: User talk:81.144.158.195


text:
File:Rowing Moscow 1980.jpg

Source
Low-res version from:

Used in Rowing at the 1980 Summer Olympics to establish visual identity

title: File:Rowing Moscow 1980.jpg


text:
Template talk:Translation department

Removed content
I removed several to specific regional links - we should not overbloat this template: --Piotr Konieczny aka Prokonsul Piotrus Talk 11:57, 19 July 2005 (UTC)
 * German translation - beacouse there are hundreds of different language translation request we could list here
 * Vienna-related translations - becausee there are dozens of other WikiProjects we could list here
 * Weekly Spanish collaboration - because there are dozens of other regional COTWS and translatuon projects we could list here

No, there aren't. If there are any other translation pages, they should be listed here. It is the purpose of this list to include all translation-related pages.--Fenice 09:20, 4 August 2005 (UTC)

Template should not be a monster. Create a section in the relevant aricle. I explained above why those links are unnecessary. Two of the above links have nothing to do with translations at all (wikiproject and regional cotw). --Piotr Konieczny aka Prokonsul Piotrus Talk 10:43, 9 August 2005 (UTC)

Again, Piotrus, the template was created for the very reason to include all links to translation-related links. (Can you read??) Claiming that spanish translation has nothing to do with translation is errh... interesting. "Creating a section in the relevant article" is obviously your solution to your nonexistent problem. Can you elaborate on that? How on earth could a section on some page (isn't a template also a page in some sense) replace a navigational template. The templates are there for the very purpose that people don't have to type in the same text on all affected pages. Don't be ridiculous piotrus. I suggest you create a vote on the prohibition of all navigational templates on Wikipedia immediately instead of starting an oh so funny little edit war to annoy my person and set a precedent. Just cut it out. Start your personal edit war on one of the hundreds of other templates affected by your policy invention which is stupid beyond discription. Go here for a choice of places to continue your edit war: Navigational templates Have fun. --Fenice 11:13, 9 August 2005 (UTC)

Please be civil and refeain from personal attacks. I have appeneded the template to list those links without the confusion. Hope you like this compromise. --Piotr Konieczny aka Prokonsul Piotrus Talk 12:47, 9 August 2005 (UTC)

These are not personal attacks, they are attacks on your actions and these are officially allowed, see WP:NPA--Fenice 14:04, 9 August 2005 (UTC)

This link should be added
User:Soman/Lang-Help. It is a project to translate political terminology to other languages than English. Punkmorten 15:43, 30 July 2006 (UTC)

title: Template talk:Translation department


text:
Pompey's Pillar (disambiguation)

Pompey's Pillar is an ancient column in Alexandria, Egypt.

Pompey's Pillar may also refer to:

 * Pompeys Pillar National Monument, a large rock formation in Montana named after a member of the Lewis and Clark Expedition
 * Pompey's Pillar, Montana, an unincorporated community in Montana, named after the rock formation
 * Pompeys Pillar (South Australia), a mountain in Wilpena Pound
 * The Pillar of Pompey, an ancient altar on the European side of the Symplegades

title: Pompey's Pillar (disambiguation)


text:
Talk:Castlemorton Common Festival

reverts
i have re-added some things deleted by the last revert because i think two references giving two points of view are better than one reference with a weasel word ("arguably"), the "hype" figure of 40,000 is actually a referenced figure and three working categories are better than a dead one. Mujinga (talk) 01:04, 15 March 2008 (UTC)

Trouble with this final sentence is that it is about the motive for thr CJA, not about Castlemorton fest, therefore it is off topic. personally i dislike the weasel word, the idea that the fest and media around it led to the act is true, but another editor put it there pointing out that this is interpretative stuff. are the two strands of info under "some....others " here in any meaningful opposition? it doesn't look so, the last sentence is an opinion of that law. widely reported police estimates publicised at the time of the fest put the numbers at 20,000 and upwards. there seems to be some estimate inflation. The site and its Dance zones was not so large ,40 000 stretches credulity, can you please quote where he says this to give some context, does he provide any sources, if not why should his estimate be considered factual and historical? as for the categories, sorry, i didn't spot that when reverting, originally not my work.Benny the wayfarer (talk) 09:41, 15 March 2008 (UTC)

 * for me the final sentence is ok, it follows on from the preceding one which states that Castlemorton (among other factors) inspired the CJB.
 * i checked the riddler site listed in external links and it is true what you say, the press estimates at the time did say 20,000. unfortunately i cant find a clipping with both the figure and the information we need to make a reference. the police routinely underestimate numbers attending illegal events - thats my POV, but we do have a referenced source saying the castlemorton figure was 40,000. it is in During, S. (2005) Cultural Studies: A Critical Introduction on Page 131, although now i do not have the book to hand to check where he got the figure from.
 * i wonder if we can use foto from the clippings for the article - i will check that out now Mujinga (talk) 08:44, 20 March 2008 (UTC)

External links modified
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20061224050302/http://www.beyondtv.org/beyondtv/page.php/376/soma/ to http://www.beyondtv.org/beyondtv/page.php/376/soma/

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title: Talk:Castlemorton Common Festival