text:
User talk:Smaley

Welcome!

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, please be sure to sign your name on Talk and vote pages using four tildes (~~~~) to produce your name and the current date, or three tildes (~~~) for just your name. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my Talk page. Again, welcome! RJFJR 18:56, July 19, 2005 (UTC)
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title: User talk:Smaley


text:
Arnaud Guillaume de Barbazan

Arnaud Guillaume (also Arnault Guilhem), Seigneur de Barbazan, (1360 – 1431) was a counsellor and butler to Charles VII of France and later a general during the Hundred Years' War who earned for himself the name of the Irreproachable Knight.

He was born in Barbazan-Dessus, Hautes-Pyrénées, and was one of the chief Armagnacs, a fervent partisan of Charles VII, and a sworn enemy of the Burgundians. He defended Melun in 1420 against the English, who captured him and kept him as a prisoner of war until 1430. Upon his release, he continued to fight against Burgundy and England, finally dying in combat in the Battle of Bulgnéville in the Vosges mountains near the villages of Bulgnéville and Vaudoncourt.

Because of his heroic service to France and to the king in the many battles he had participated in, Barbazan was buried at the Saint Denis Basilica next to the king himself, after a state funeral of a type usually reserved for kings.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Arnaud Guillaume de Barbazan


text:
Perfect mixing

Perfect mixing is a term heavily used in relation to the definition of models that predict the behavior of chemical reactors. Perfect mixing assumes that there are no spatial gradients in a given physical envelope, such as:

 * concentration (with respect to any chemical species)
 * temperature
 * chemical potential
 * catalytic activity

title: Perfect mixing


text:
Crystal Ball (unreleased album)

Crystal Ball is an unreleased studio album by Prince recorded throughout 1986. The album was planned to consist of 3 LPs and cover a broad range of musical styles. Many of its tracks were repurposed for the 1987 album Sign o' the Times, while others remained officially unreleased for years.

Evolution of the album
Crystal Ball can be traced to late 1985 with what would be Prince and The Revolution's final album, Dream Factory. Since Purple Rain's release, each successive album became more of a collaborative effort between Prince and band members Wendy and Lisa in addition to full band performances on certain songs. Dream Factory evolved quickly from a 9-track single album to a double-LP with an ever-changing track list of songs. A final configuration of the album was finally decided upon and the album was mastered. But, during 1986 Wendy and Lisa had increasingly become disgruntled with Prince's decision to expand the Revolution with non-musicians Wally Safford and Gregory Allen Brooks along with the attitude that these new members brought with them. Unhappy and outspoken about their feelings, they had to be convinced to remain with the band and go on tour for that year's Parade Tour. However, Prince himself felt slighted and by the end of the tour fired most of The Revolution. Thus, the album was never released. The versions of the songs that would get an official release years later had the contributions made by Wendy & Lisa either toned down or completely removed.

Once Prince abandoned the project, he began recording a new album. He first recorded a track, "Housequake", in a sped-up vocal style similar to the title track of Dream Factory. Pleased with the results, Prince continued to record in this style and ended up recording an entire album of songs in this new vocal style. Prince adopted the idea of releasing an album under the pseudonym Camille with no picture on the album cover to mystify the public and see if the album would stand on its own without Prince's name attached to it. The album reached the mastering stage, but as Prince continued recording songs, he felt the need to expand beyond a single album. Eventually he decided to combine various tracks from Dream Factory, Camille and other newly recorded tracks into a 3-LP album called Crystal Ball. Warner Bros. balked at the idea, convinced the album would not perform well as a three-album set, especially after the relatively poor sales for his previous release, Parade. Warner Bros. and Prince compromised and settled on a double album. Prince added a duet with Sheena Easton, but cut seven tracks. The set was renamed Sign o' the Times.

Releases over time
Though seven tracks were cut from Crystal Ball, they have all been released in some form over the years. "Shockadelica" was the first to be publicly released as the B-side to "If I Was Your Girlfriend" in 1987. "Rockhard in a Funky Place" was slated to be the closing track on The Black Album which was shelved by Prince in late 1987 and heavily bootlegged by fans. It finally saw a limited official release in 1994. "The Ball" was reworked, given new lyrics and became "Eye No", the opening track to 1988's Lovesexy. Later in 1988, "Good Love" was released on the soundtrack to Bright Lights, Big City. Prince released "Joy in Repetition" on his Graffiti Bridge soundtrack in 1990 (and many critics hailed it as the best track on the album). In 1998, Prince revived the concept of Crystal Ball with the release of a 3-CD album of the same name. The title track was the same one from the original 3-LP version; however, the set had little to do with the original concept other than the title track, a slight edit of "Good Love" and the fact that it contained three discs. Finally in 2001, a live rehearsal of "Rebirth of the Flesh" recorded with the Sign o' the Times band was released on Prince's website; however, this version had profanity edited from the lyrics. The studio version has surfaced on the Super Deluxe Edition of Sign o' the Times released on September 25, 2020, along with much of the previously-unreleased songs from the Dream Factory/Camille/Crystal Ball sessions.

title: Crystal Ball (unreleased album)


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Barbazan

Barbazan can refer to:

 * Arnaud Guillaume de Barbazan, counsellor to Charles VII of France
 * Barbazan, Haute-Garonne, France

title: Barbazan


text:
User talk:Yijisoo~enwiki

Welcome!

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, please be sure to sign your name on Talk and vote pages using four tildes (~~~~) to produce your name and the current date, or three tildes (~~~) for just your name. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my Talk page. Again, welcome! RJFJR 18:57, July 19, 2005 (UTC)
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Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Yijisoo. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Yijisoo~enwiki that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name. If you think you might own all of the accounts with this name and this message is in error, please visit Special:MergeAccount to check and attach all of your accounts to prevent them from being renamed.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 04:01, 20 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 20:44, 22 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Yijisoo~enwiki


text:
User talk:Sforandy

Welcome!

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, please be sure to sign your name on Talk and vote pages using four tildes (~~~~) to produce your name and the current date, or three tildes (~~~) for just your name. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my Talk page. Again, welcome! RJFJR 18:58, July 19, 2005 (UTC)
 * How to edit a page
 * Editing, policy, conduct, and structure tutorial
 * Picture tutorial
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title: User talk:Sforandy


text:
Talk:Brighton Grammar School

A Commons file used on this page has been nominated for speedy deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page has been nominated for speedy deletion: You can see the reason for deletion at the file description page linked above. —Community Tech bot (talk) 01:21, 11 September 2019 (UTC)
 * BrightonGrammarLogo1882.png

Notable Alumni
Given the recent creation of the separate, extended List of Brighton Grammar School people, the list of individuals at the Notable Alumni section is no longer needed.

Given that every one of the names that appear in the Notable Alumni section also appears (among others) in the newly-created list, and given that all of the information currently presented in the Notable Alumni section, in relation to those individuals, also appears in the newly-created list, the entire list should be replaced with a single paragraph — especially given that there is, now, a direction, at the head of the section ("Main article: List of Brighton Grammar School people") for the reader to go to the complete list.

See, for instance: Geelong Grammar School; Haileybury (Melbourne); Caulfield Grammar School; Melbourne Grammar School; Wesley College (Victoria), etc. Lindsay658 (talk) 22:58, 7 October 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Brighton Grammar School


text:
2000 Tour de France

The 2000 Tour de France was a multiple stage bicycle race held from 1 to 23 July, and the 87th edition of the Tour de France. There was no overall winner following a vacating of results by the United States Anti-Doping Agency announcement on 24 August 2012 that they had disqualified Lance Armstrong from all his results since 1 August 1998, including his seven Tour de France wins from 1999 to 2005; the Union Cycliste Internationale confirmed the result.

The Tour started with an individual time trial in Futuroscope (not an official prologue because it was longer than 8 km) and ended, traditionally, in Paris. The distance travelled was 3663 km (counter-clockwise around France). The Tour passed through Switzerland and Germany.

Before the race started, there were several favourites: Armstrong, after his 1999 Tour de France victory; Jan Ullrich, having won the 1997 Tour de France, finishing second in the 1996 and 1998 tours, and not entering the 1999 Tour due to an injury; and 1998 Tour winner Marco Pantani. Richard Virenque finished 8th place in the 1999 Tour despite bad preparation, and for the 2000 edition he was considered an important rider. Fernando Escartín, Bobby Julich, Alexander Vinokourov and Alex Zülle were also considered contenders.

Teams
17 teams were automatically selected based on their UCI rankings. In addition, three teams were given wildcards by organisers of the Tour, Amaury Sport Organisation (ASO). Each of these 20 teams sent 9 cyclists, for a total of 180: Before the start, each rider had to do a health check. Three riders failed this health check; Sergei Ivanov, from Farm Frites; Rossano Brasi, from ; Andrei Hauptman, from ; all because they had a hematocrit value above 50%. The race thus started with 177 cyclists.

The teams entering the race were:

Qualified teams

Invited teams

Route and stages
The highest point of elevation in the race was 2642 m at the summit of the Col du Galibier mountain pass on stage 15.

Race overview
The first stage was won by British cyclist David Millar, with Lance Armstrong only 2 seconds behind in second place. Of the other pre-race favourites, Laurent Jalabert, Jan Ullrich and Alex Zülle all lost less than 20 seconds. Virenque, Vinokourov and Escartin lost around 1:30 on Armstrong, while Marco Pantani lost more than 2 minutes. The next two stages were sprinter stages, both won by Tom Steels, not changing much in the overall classification. Stage 4, a team time trial, was won by the ONCE cycling team, and after that stage the top 10 included 8 ONCE cyclists, including leader Laurent Jalabert.

In stage 6, 12 cyclists broke away and kept a 7:49-minute lead, which shook up the classification. Alberto Elli, one of the escapees, took over the yellow jersey.

In stage 10, the Tour entered the mountains. The stage, which finished at Hautacam, was won by Spaniard Javier Otxoa, but Lance Armstrong finished second and took the yellow jersey, with Ullrich in second place, more than 4 minutes behind. The 12th stage, finishing on Mont Ventoux, was won by Marco Pantani, but Lance Armstrong finished second with the same time, so Armstrong increased his lead. Stage 15 was also won by Pantani, but again Armstrong gained time on second-place Ullrich, who was 7:26 behind. On the 16th stage, Armstrong had a bad day and lost time. Ullrich's gap shrunk to 5:37.

On stage 17, Erik Dekker won his third stage of the Tour. Stage 19, an individual time trial, was the last chance to change the general classification, although it was very unlikely that time trial specialist Armstrong would lose his 5:37 lead. Armstrong eventually went on to win the stage, and secured his Tour win. He maintained his lead in the final two stages.

Doping
Subsequent to Armstrong's statement to withdraw his fight against United States Anti-Doping Agency's (USADA) charges, on 24 August 2012, the USADA said it would ban Armstrong for life and stripped him of his record seven Tour de France titles. Later that day it was confirmed in a USADA statement that Armstrong was banned for life and would be disqualified from any and all competitive results obtained on and subsequent to 1 August 1998, including forfeiture of any medals, titles, winnings, finishes, points and prizes. On 22 October 2012, the Union Cycliste Internationale endorsed the USADA sanctions, and decided not to award victories to any other rider or upgrade other placings in any of the affected events.

Classification leadership and minor prizes
There were several classifications in the 2000 Tour de France. The most important was the general classification, calculated by adding each cyclist's finishing times on each stage. The cyclist with the least accumulated time was the race leader, identified by the yellow jersey; the winner of this classification is considered the winner of the Tour.

Additionally, there was a points classification, which awarded a green jersey. In the points classification, cyclists got points for finishing among the best in a stage finish, or in intermediate sprints. The cyclist with the most points lead the classification, and was identified with a green jersey.

There was also a mountains classification. The organisation had categorised some climbs as either hors catégorie, first, second, third, or fourth-category; points for this classification were won by the first cyclists that reached the top of these climbs first, with more points available for the higher-categorised climbs. The cyclist with the most points lead the classification, and wore a white jersey with red polka dots.

The fourth individual classification was the young rider classification. This was decided the same way as the general classification, but only riders under 26 years were eligible. Up until 1989 the leader received a white jersey. After 1989 the white jersey was no longer awarded, but the classification was still held. In 2000 the race organisers decided to start awarding the white jersey.

For the team classification, the times of the best three cyclists per team on each stage were added; the leading team was the team with the lowest total time.

In addition, there was a combativity award given after each mass-start stage to the cyclist considered most combative, who wore a red number bib the next stage. The decision was made by a jury composed of journalists who gave points. The cyclist with the most points from votes in all stages led the combativity classification. Erik Dekker won this classification, and was given overall the super-combativity award. The Souvenir Henri Desgrange was given in honour of Tour founder Henri Desgrange to the first rider to pass the summit of the Col du Galibier. This prize was won by Pascal Hervé during stage 15. There was also a Souvenir in honour of Gino Bartali, winner of the 1938 and 1948 Tours, given first rider atop the Col d'Izoard on stage 14. This award was won by Santiago Botero.

 * In stage 2, Lance Armstrong wore the green jersey.
 * In stages 2 through 4, David Cañada wore the white jersey.

title: 2000 Tour de France


text:
Ohio State Route 65

State Route 65 (SR 65) is a north–south highway in western Ohio. Its southern terminus is at State Route 47 near Sidney, and its northern terminus is at its interchange with Interstate 280 in Toledo. From south to north, the route passes through the cities of Jackson Center, Uniopolis, Lima, Columbus Grove, Ottawa, Leipsic, Belmore, McClure, Grand Rapids, Perrysburg, Rossford, and Toledo.

Route 65 parallels the south bank of the Maumee River for its northernmost 32 miles, from east of Napoleon to Toledo.

History
State Route 65 is an original state highway. Its original southern terminus was at State Route 15 in Ottawa, and it crossed the Maumee River near Liberty Center, continuing northward to Delta and terminating at the Michigan state line.

In 1931, the route's northern terminus was moved to downtown Toledo along its current route. Most of its former route north of the Maumee River is now that of State Route 109. From 1931 until 1989, State Route 65 did not cross the Maumee River. Until 1964, its route from Perrysburg to Toledo was superseded by U.S. Route 23.

In 1938, State Route 65's southern terminus was extended to its current terminus. It replaced the now defunct State Routes 33 and 318.

In 1989, when U.S. Route 223 was truncated back to Sylvania, State Route 65 was extended along its former route (along with State Route 51) across the Maumee on the Anthony Wayne Bridge. State Route 51 took U.S. Route 223's route on Monroe Street, while State Route 65 took the route of Summit Street from there to Interstate 280.

In June, 2007, the Veterans' Glass City Skyway opened, taking Interstate 280 across the Maumee. Subsequently, State Route 65 was rerouted onto the Robert Craig Memorial Bridge, the former crossing of Interstate 280 across the river, the week after the new bridge opened, ending at the former Front Street interchange.

title: Ohio State Route 65


text:
User:Grpunkim

Hello. I am a freelance writer hailing from the wonderful state of Maine. Maine: The Way Life Should Be.

I am new to the site, but eager to help out in any way I can.

"What difference does it make to the dead, the orphans, and the homeless, whether the mad destruction is wrought under the name of totalitarianism or the holy name of liberty and democracy?" -Ghandi

title: User:Grpunkim


text:
Ikarus IK-2

The Ikarus IK-2 was a 1930s high-wing, single-seat, monoplane fighter aircraft of Yugoslav design built for the Royal Yugoslav Army Air Force. The IK-2 was designed by French-trained engineers Kosta Sivčev and Ljubomir Ilić, who saw the desirability of developing a home-grown aircraft industry. A gull-wing design, it was armed with a hub-firing autocannon and fuselage-mounted synchronised machine guns. Just 12 production models were built, as the aircraft was obsolescent at the time it was brought into service in 1935, and only eight were serviceable at the time of the German-led Axis invasion of Yugoslavia in April 1941. After the defeat of Yugoslavia, the remaining four aircraft were taken onto the strength of the air force of the Axis puppet state, the Independent State of Croatia, but none survived the war.

Background
In the late 1920s, a scheme promoted by the Royal Yugoslav Army Air Force (Vazduhoplovstvo vojske Kraljevine Jugoslavije, VVKJ) and the Royal Aero Club of Yugoslavia sent aspiring aeronautical engineers to France to develop their knowledge. It was intended that after this advanced training, they would return to Yugoslavia and be offered specialist roles in the VVKJ or in the aeronautical industry. Ljubomir Ilić and Kosta Sivčev went through this program, but when they returned to Yugoslavia, both were employed in administrative work. Frustrated by this, in 1931 they decided to design a replacement for the Czechoslovakian-built Avia BH-33E biplane fighter then in service with the VVKJ. Working in a basement in Belgrade, then in Ilić's apartment in Novi Sad, they devoted their spare time to secretly working on their design. Their original concept was for a low-wing monoplane with a retractable undercarriage, but contemporary thinking led them to modify their initial design into a strut-braced high-wing monoplane armed with a hub-firing autocannon and fuselage-mounted synchronised machine guns. The gull-wing design emphasised power and manoeuvrability over other characteristics.

IK-1
The aircraft was designed around a French-made 12-cylinder Hispano-Suiza 12Ycrs engine with a Hispano-Suiza HS.404 20 mm autocannon mounted between the cylinder banks of the engine and firing through the propeller hub. This powerful 860 shp engine combined with the hub-firing cannon mandated the use of a metal fuselage. Other armament consisted of two synchronised French-made 7.9 mm Darne machine guns, mounted under and to each side of the engine. The wing was braced with two struts on each side of the fuselage; the fixed conventional landing gear was spatted and mounted off the wing struts. The fixed tailwheel was also spatted. The enclosed cockpit was located behind the wing. The horizontal stabilizer on each side was braced from below with two rigid braces from the lower tailcone, and tied from above with two flying wires from the vertical stabilizer. The three-bladed propeller was manually adjustable in pitch.

Considerable work was needed to fully develop the design but, by early 1933, the two men had moved the project through the pre-project, basic aerodynamic and evaluation stages, including the building of a wooden scale model that Ilić took to Paris to test in the Eiffel-built wind tunnel. Up to this point, the two men had received no outside help, and had been forced to borrow from family to keep the project going. They then decided to approach the head of the technical department of the VVKJ, Potpukovnik (Lieutenant Colonel) Srbobran Stanojević, with their design. Stanojević was surprised but impressed with their work and an official report proposing to build the design was presented on 22 September 1933. Some senior VVKJ officers opposed the concept, as did Kapetan (Captain) Leonid Bajdak, an "acknowledged outstanding exponent of fighter tactics", who considered that a biplane with a 600 shp engine was the ultimate in fighter design.

Despite this opposition, support from Stanojević and some younger pilots meant that the concept was approved, and in 1934 a prototype was ordered from the Ikarus A.D. factory in Zemun near Belgrade, for delivery by the end of that year. The prototype was designated IK-1, with the "IK" standing for (Ljubomir) Ilić and Kosta (Sivčev). It is believed that the prototype was complete by September 1934, but the first flight was delayed due to concerns about the wing structure. The following month, Bajdak was appointed as test pilot for the prototype, but he did not co-operate in the preparations for the maiden flight, and decided to develop his own test program.

Permission was granted for flight testing to begin in April 1935, and Bajdak conducted his first flight in the prototype on 22 April 1935. For this initial uneventful flight, no weapons were installed and a light fuel load was used. The following day, Bajdak put the IK-1 into unplanned aerobatic manoeuvres, after which the wing fabric was observed as being slack. An official from Ikarus checked it and stated that this would resolve once the fabric varnish had completely dried. Bajdak took the aircraft for a third test flight the next day, which involved more unplanned aerobatics. When the aircraft was at 1000 m, Bajdak put it into a shallow dive and pulled up abruptly at high speed, at which point the wing fabric began to tear rapidly, to the extent that it could be seen from the ground. The aircraft dropped into a spin to starboard, and Bajdak baled out safely while the IK-1 crashed into the ground.

IK-2
Critics exploited the accident to undermine the IK-1 concept, with Bajdak joining those criticising the aircraft. The three flights were not considered sufficient to give a verdict on the design, and the debate over its future was fierce. This placed significant pressure on the designers, as every element of the aircraft design was subsequently attacked. Eventually, it was generally agreed that the aircraft was well-designed, but it needed more testing. At this point, Ikarus decided to build a second prototype, as it was evident that the hand-sewn fabric seam on the wing had not stood up to the strain of aerobatics, and their workmanship was in question. The second prototype took 10 months to build, with the two designers closely involved.

The main difference from the IK-1 was that the IK-2 had wings covered with metal sheeting, leaving only the rear fuselage and tailplane fabric covered. The new wing was tested with both fabric and metal covering at the request of the VVKJ. Other changes were a radiator of reduced size and improved shape, and modified air intakes, making for a more streamlined fuselage. The two Darne machine guns were replaced with two 7.92 mm Browning/FN machine guns.

After the second prototype was delivered, the aircraft was placed in the hands of a different test pilot, Poručnik (1st Lieutenant) Janko Dobnikar, who conducted its first flight on 24 August 1934. Dobnikar had worked closely with the designers and Ikarus during its construction and static testing, and his suggestions had resulted in an improved cockpit layout. He strictly followed a completely new test program, while installed testing equipment recorded the various characteristics of the aircraft. After gaining complete mastery of the aircraft, he conducted some aerobatic manoeuvres during a visit by the future Turkish president İsmet İnönü, which included a complete inverted loop. In mid-October 1935, Dobnikar used the second prototype to break the unofficial European air speed record for an aircraft with a fixed undercarriage, attaining a speed of 435 km/h, which was also a Yugoslav air speed record. The aircraft was able to achieve greater than expected power at altitudes of 4000 –. Dobnikar completed the testing program and submitted his report to the VVKJ on 23 May 1937.

After VVKJ acceptance, a group of pilots conducted 16 mock dogfights between the IK-2 and the Hawker Fury I biplane already in service with the VVKJ, during which the IK-2 displayed overall superiority over the British-built aircraft. At one point, Bajdak declared his continuing doubts about the aircraft, and Dobnikar challenged him to a duel, with Bajdak flying his preferred aircraft, the Fury I. After Dobnikar won the climbing competition and a race to Zemun and back from Belgrade, the final dogfight forced Bajdak to concede that the IK-2 was the better aircraft. On 20 November 1937, the VVKJ submitted a proposal to order a batch of 12 IK-2s, which was approved the following month. The production version included some additional improvements, but continued testing resulted in further delays, with the aircraft not entering service for another year. By this time, international consensus had coalesced around the superiority of the low-wing monoplane, and the IK-2 was already obsolescent by the time it was delivered to VVKJ fighter units.

Operational history
The first six production aircraft were delivered to the 6th Fighter Regiment of the VVKJ, based at Zemun, in early 1939. The pilots subjected them to considerable additional testing, before they entered normal service around mid-year. The remaining six entered service during the remainder of 1939. The aircraft were delivered without radios or armament, which were fitted in VVKJ workshops. In October 1939, the IK-2s were transferred to the 4th Fighter Regiment in Zagreb until licence-built Hawker Hurricanes were delivered from Zemun, after which the IK-2s were to be transferred to the 5th Fighter Regiment in Niš. By the end of 1940, all the production IK-2s were concentrated in the 107th Fighter Squadron of the 34th Fighter Group, which consisted solely of IK-2s. This was only an interim allocation, as the other squadron of the group was equipped with Hurricanes, and as soon as the 107th Fighter Squadron could be equipped with Hurricanes, the IK-2s were to move to the 5th Fighter Regiment. The threat of war overtook this planned deployment, and on 13 March 1941, the IK-2s of the 107th Fighter Squadron were moved to Bosanski Aleksandrovac near Banja Luka, under the command of Kapetan Zarko Vukajlović.

When the German-led Axis invasion of Yugoslavia commenced on 6 April 1941, only eight IK-2s were serviceable. One had been damaged in a landing accident, two were at the workshops in Zagreb being repaired, and the fourth unserviceable machine was in a badly damaged condition at Bosanski Aleksandrovac. That day and the next, the 107th Fighter Squadron patrolled over Bosnia but did not make any contact with the enemy. Two machines conducted a combat air patrol over the airfield of the 8th Bomber Regiment at Nova Topola. This pattern continued the following day without incident, but patrol duration and coverage was limited by the short range of the aircraft. On 8 April, a patrol unsuccessfully gave chase to a lone German reconnaissance aircraft, and later in the day, one of the IK-2s force landed, leaving seven operational aircraft.

About 14:00 on 9 April, two Staffeln of German Messerschmitt Bf 109 fighters from II. Gruppe of Jagdgeschwader 54 were observed heading towards Nova Topola just as two IK-2s were landing after a patrol in poor flying weather. One of the IK-2s managed to overshoot and climbed to meet them, but the other was unable to, and had to complete its landing. Podnarednik (Junior Sergeant) Branko Jovanović used the extreme manoeuvrability of his IK-2 to avoid the nine Bf 109s that swooped in to attack, while a total of eight Hurricanes and five more IK-2s from the 4th Fighter Regiment scrambled to meet the Germans. For the following seven or eight minutes, a furious dogfight ensued over Novo Topola, during which two German aircraft were claimed and two Hurricanes and one IK-2 were lost. German records indicate that only one of their aircraft was lost, and that the pilot survived. Podnarednik Stikić survived the loss of his IK-2, but was badly wounded. The Germans, low on fuel, broke off and headed north.

The following day, one IK-2 force landed due to engine failure, reducing the number of serviceable IK-2s to five. Despite deteriorating weather conditions and revolts within the Yugoslav forces, combat patrols continued. At 12:00 on 11 April, all aircraft were grounded by the weather. On 12 April, aircraft of the 4th Fighter Regiment took to the air again, chasing German reconnaissance aircraft, but the IK-2s did not record any victories. The following day, the 4th Fighter Regiment continued carrying out sorties, but around 12:00 the commander of the 2nd Mixed Air Brigade ordered the remaining aircraft of the 4th Fighter Regiment to be destroyed, and all personnel to withdraw via road to Sarajevo.

At the end of the brief campaign, the Air Force of the Independent State of Croatia (Zrakoplovstvo Nezavisne Države Hrvatske, ZNDH) made the three or four surviving IK-2s serviceable using other captured aircraft for spares. At the beginning of 1942, there were four IK-2s in service with the ZNDH, but they lacked spare parts. Later that year, an operational IK-2 was observed at Rajlovac airfield near Sarajevo, and in October 1943, two of the IK-2s were operating from Zalužani airfield north of Banja Luka, and remained there for nearly a year conducting strafing missions. At the end of 1943, all four IK-2s were still in service, but at the end of the following year, just two IK-2s remained. No IK-2s survived the war.

Further development
A proposed development of the IK-2 was the IK-4, a dual control two-seater fast reconnaissance monoplane, but it was never ordered.

Operators

 * Kingdom of Yugoslavia
 * Royal Yugoslav Air Force
 * Independent State of Croatia
 * Air Force of the Independent State of Croatia

Specifications (Ikarus IK-2)
Source:

title: Ikarus IK-2


text:
File:Mclaughlin large.jpg

The mug shot of Jason McLaughlin after his arrest for the Rocori High School shooting.

This image is the work of the Cold Spring police department and was retrieved from here:

title: File:Mclaughlin large.jpg


text:
Hypermart USA

Hypermart USA (also labeled as Walmart's USA following 1990) was a demonstrator project operated by Walmart in the 1980s and 1990s, which attempted to combine groceries and general merchandise under one roof at a substantial discount. The hypermart concept was modeled after earlier efforts from other retailers, notably French retailers such as Auchan and Carrefour, and the Midwestern big retailer Meijer. At its peak, Hypermart USA had four locations with two located in Texas, one in Kansas, and one in Missouri.

All stores used a floorplan that exceeded 220000 sqft (which was about 42,000 square feet larger then an average Walmart Supercenter in 2022 and about 40,000 less square feet than the current largest Walmart Supercenter in Albany, New York). They featured a mini-mall, food court, arcade, bank, and other kiosk operations. The ones in Kansas City and Topeka featured McDonald's, Subway, and Popeyes Louisiana Kitchen in their food courts.

History
The prototype did not go as well as planned. Walmart was unaccustomed to operating such massive stores, and an economic recession in the early 1990s had brought on a decline in retail sales. Although the stores were profitable, sales projections were too optimistic and the company did not anticipate the great heating and cooling costs, the resistance of customers towards parking and congestion issues.

The first Walmart Supercenter, which used a floorplan in the 125000 sqft range, was opened in 1988 in Washington, Missouri. As the Supercenter proved to be a much more profitable experiment, Walmart renamed the stores "Wal-Mart's Hypermart USA" in April 1990, and eventually began either converting them to Supercenter operations or closing them. As of 2023, two of the former Hypermart USA locations still operate as Walmarts while the other two have been demolished.

The Hypermart USA concept was officially discontinued in 2000, when Walmart announced it was converting the Kansas City Hypermart USA into a Walmart Supercenter. The former Kansas City store, then a Supercenter, ultimately closed in January 2007. The original Hypermart in Garland, Texas closed in May 2008. The Topeka, Kansas, hypermarket, located on Southwest Wanamaker Road, is still open, although its exterior has been remodeled as well as the Arlington, Texas, location on South Cooper Street.

Garland, Texas
Garland, Texas (December 28, 1987)

This location was converted several years later to a Walmart Supercenter and lost its Hypermart USA branding. By May 2008, Walmart announced it would replace this store with a smaller Supercenter nearby. In October 2017, it was announced that the city of Garland would buy the vacant site with intentions of redeveloping it as a "gateway" to the city. It was demolished in the summer of 2018.

Topeka, Kansas
Topeka, Kansas (January 1988)

, the Topeka, Kansas store is still operating as a Walmart Supercenter.

Arlington, Texas
Arlington, Texas (August 1988)

, the Arlington, Texas, Hypermart is still operating as a Walmart Supercenter.

Kansas City, Missouri
The Kansas City, Missouri, location opened on February 20, 1990. Located just northeast of the now-closed Bannister Mall in the Benjamin Plaza development, the South Kansas City store was the last Hypermart USA to open. It was the largest of the four Hypermart stores at 256637 sqft. Described as Walmart's "mall without walls," the Kansas City Hypermart included a number of restaurants and specialty outlets in addition to the combination grocery and general merchandise discount store.
 * Food court with seating for 200 people, with quick service restaurants including Taco John's, Corn Dog 7, V's Pasta Parlor, Torre's Pizzeria, Oasis (ice cream, shakes, and frozen yogurt), Subway, and McDonald's.
 * United Missouri City Bank
 * Hypermart Pharmacy
 * Aladdin's Castle arcade
 * Cost Cutters, family hair salon
 * Family Vision Center
 * Travel Center Ltd.
 * Hearing Today Laboratory
 * ShoeSmith
 * 1-Hour Photo-Mart
 * American Studios, Inc, portrait studio
 * HyperSound and Video

In May 2000, Walmart announced it would spend $4.9 million (~$ in ) to convert the Kansas City Hypermart USA to a Walmart Supercenter. Walmart indicated that it was converting its last remaining Hypermart, because the stores were too big and too inconvenient for customers. Walmart explained that the effort of offering everything under one roof was more of a European style of retail, and it was overwhelming to the American shopper. Kansas City Councilman Chuck Eddy claimed that there were other reasons for the failure of the Kansas City Hypermart. Eddy cited a high volume of complaints from residents about the store, including time-consuming lines at checkout counters, trash and runaway carts in the parking lot, dirty restrooms, and overall messy conditions and poor management. Walmart wanted to build a new Supercenter store in South Kansas City on State Line Road near 135th Street, so city leaders pressured Walmart to make improvements to the conditions of the Hypermart location before they would be given approval to move forward with the new South Kansas City store. At the time, Walmart said it would cost almost $5 million to renovate the 270000 sqft Hypermart store. Walmart moved forward with the renovation and conversion of the Hypermart store, along with bringing in new management to address the concerns of poor management at the store. In 2006, Walmart began construction on a new Walmart Supercenter on the site of the former Blue Ridge Mall. The new Supercenter was to be the first of Walmart's new "high-efficiency" stores. As a result of the new Supercenters on State Line Road and the former Blue Ridge Mall site, along with declining business and a growing number of retail closings in Bannister Mall and Benjamin Plaza, Walmart announced that it would close the former Hypermart store in mid-January 2007. The 400 employees were offered jobs at the new Blue Ridge store and other area Walmart stores. After seven years of vacancy, the former Kansas City Hypermart was demolished in 2014 along with much of the surrounding vacant retail developments as part of a large redevelopment project.

title: Hypermart USA


text:
Dinh

Dinh may refer to:

Dinh
pronounced "zinh" or "yinh"
 * Dinh River (Bà Rịa–Vũng Tàu), river in Bà Rịa–Vũng Tàu, one of five rivers named Sông Dinh in Vietnam.
 * núi Dinh, hills in Bà Rịa–Vũng Tàu, Vietnam

Đình
pronounced "dinh"
 * Đình, Vietnamese communal temple

Đinh
Đinh Dynasty People:
 * Đinh Dynasty, the imperial dynasty of Vietnam from 968 to 980
 * Đinh Bộ Lĩnh (924–979), considered the first king in the history of Vietnam
 * Đinh Phế Đế (974–1001), second and last king of the Dinh dynasty and son of Dinh Bo Linhand surname
 * Dinh (surname), a Vietnamese family name

title: Dinh


text: User talk:67.37.34.67

title: User talk:67.37.34.67


text: Talk:Space Ghost

title: Talk:Space Ghost


text:
Pharsalus repandus

Pharsalus repandus is a species of planthopper insects described by Leopold Melichar in 1906. It is the sole member of Pharsalus, the type genus of the subfamily Pharsalinae of the family Ricaniidae.

title: Pharsalus repandus


text:
Wikipedia talk:Articles for deletion/Trax (IRC channel)

I specifically went and read the voting policy before mentioning this vote to the sources which were used in the creation of this article. The policy makes no mention of voting being reserved for users or longstanding users. It makes a suggestion that it is better for the votes to be from logged in users. As such I mentioned this policy and this vote to the sources of this trivia which populates this article.

If there is some aspect of voting or policy etiquette which was not followed, I suggest you consider adding it to the document on votes for deletion.

Rad Man: calling them sock puppets when you're fully aware that these people are seperate individuals is disingenuous and slanderous. I suggest you retract that assertion. Examples: Oman == Oman == John Hood. Polpo == zsazs (polpo.org) == Ian Scott. You are well aware that these people are real. I'm unclear why you've chosen to lie about them. JoshuaRodman 19:03, 19 July 2005 (UTC)


text:
Domestic partnership in Oregon

Oregon has registered domestic partnerships between same-sex couples since 2008 and has expanded the law to begin registering partnerships between opposite-sex couples in 2024.

In April and May 2007, following a previous attempt in 2005, the Oregon state legislature passed legislation to make virtually all of the rights afforded by the state to married couples available to same-sex couples. The status is referred to in Oregon law as a domestic partnership, avoiding the use of the terms marriage or civil union. Governor Ted Kulongoski signed the bill on May 9, 2007. While January 1, 2008 was the date the statute would have taken effect, a court challenge had delayed its implementation. It was resolved on February 1, 2008, and the law went into effect that day, with registrations beginning on February 4, 2008.

Advocacy for civil unions
The original Oregon Senate Bill 1000 would have created civil unions and prohibited discrimination based on sexual orientation in housing, employment, public accommodations and public services. On July 8, 2005, Oregon state senators approved it. Lawmakers at the Oregon State Capitol in Salem voted 19-10 in favor, but the Republican Speaker of the Oregon House of Representatives, Karen Minnis, blocked it.

Advocacy for reciprocal beneficiaries
On July 21, 2005, the House performed a series of moves where the bill was amended, removing most of its language and replacing it with different text (seen by some to be a "gut and stuff" maneuver). The new text of Senate Bill 1000 no longer contained language about sexual orientation, prohibition of discrimination, nor civil unions. Instead, it reaffirmed the recent state constitutional prohibition of same-sex marriage and proposed to create "reciprocal beneficiary agreements". "Reciprocal beneficiaries" could be any two people prohibited by law from marrying each other, such as a "widowed mother and her unmarried son", and would not have the rights and obligations of married persons, specifically excluding employer-granted benefits such as health insurance or retirement benefits. Reciprocal beneficiaries would be granted inheritance rights, and the power to make medical or financial decisions if the reciprocal beneficiary was incapacitated.

The changes effectively killed momentum to pass the bill, which died in committee.

Domestic partnerships
However, after the November 2006 mid-term elections Democrats won a majority of the formerly Republican-controlled House, and in early 2007, Democrats re-introduced a bill in the House similar to the 2005 legislation. The bill adopted the term "domestic partnership" to describe these unions; the terms "marriage" or "civil union" were absent. This bill enjoyed a relatively easy passage through the legislature, when compared to its 2005 predecessor. Passed by the House on April 17, 2007 (by a vote of 34-26) and by the Senate on May 2, 2007 (by a vote of 21-9), Governor Kulongoski signed the Oregon Family Fairness Act on May 9, 2007. The law was scheduled to take effect January 1, 2008, but was delayed by a preliminary injunction until after a hearing on February 1, 2008, where the injunction was lifted. Domestic partnerships became effective from February 4, 2008.

Differences in the legislation
Oregon uses the term "domestic partnerships", as do Washington state and California. While the registries in Washington state and California made domestic partnerships available to couples of any gender, Oregon initially limited them to same-sex couples. Opposite-sex couples in Oregon may apply for domestic partnerships beginning January 1, 2024.

Oregon's legislation has no ceremony requirement. All marriage (and civil unions, in states that offer it) requires a ceremony, whether religious or civil, to be considered valid. In Oregon couples are required only to register their domestic partnerships through the submission of a paper form.

An Oregon domestic partnership is recognized by the state of Oregon, but it is up to other states and the federal government whether they'll recognize it too.

House Bill 2839
On June 25, 2009, the governor signed House Bill 2839. It updated the domestic partnership law in several areas: taxes, health insurance benefits and entitlements, taking a domestic partner's surname, and clarifying other states' uses of the terms "domestic partnership" and "civil union" so that Oregon could recognize these as "domestic partnerships".

Delays
In 2007, an attempted referendum to repeal these laws before they take effect failed to gather enough signatures. Such an effort, accomplished by a petition putting the laws to voter approval via a ballot question, would have delayed enforcement of the law to January 1, 2009. In September 2007, groups challenging the amendment submitted approximately 63,000 signatures in favor of repealing the legislation; the minimum number of signatures required for a referendum is 55,179. The Secretary of State's office later determined that only 55,063 valid signatures were collected, thereby removing a barrier to a January 1, 2008 effective date. On December 28, federal judge Michael W. Mosman issued an injunction preventing implementation of the law, after hearing a legal challenge (by a group opposing the measure) criticizing the method used by the Secretary of State's office to determine what constitutes a valid signature. A hearing on this issue was then scheduled for February 1, 2008, when the injunction was lifted, allowing the law to go in force immediately, with registrations beginning on February 4, 2008.

Opposite-sex domestic partnerships
In April 2023, both houses of the Oregon Legislative Assembly voted to allow opposite-sex couples to formally enter into domestic partnerships. The bill was signed into law by the Governor of Oregon and goes into effect on January 1, 2024.

title: Domestic partnership in Oregon


text:
Talk:Domestic partnership in Oregon

Differences in rights?
Does anyone know, or can anyone list, which rights are NOT afforded to same-sex couples registering as domestic partners, versus married couples, i.e. the differences between the two unions? And can there be a link to the actual statute? —Preceding unsigned comment added by LegalTech (talk • contribs) 06:57, 16 November 2008 (UTC)

move?
It looks like a bill is going to be signed this week that will create a domestic partnership status in Oregon ... this article should probably be moved to Domestic partnership in Oregon, yes? --Jfruh (talk) 16:58, 5 May 2007 (UTC)

new title?
Jfruh, I agree with you wholeheartedly. It doesn't look like there's a separate article entitled "Domestic Partnerships in Oregon" anymore. Perhaps the title of this article should be changed?

As it stands now, the title of this article is incorrect and misleading. Currently, there is no such thing as an Oregon civil union. Whether you could have a VT, CT, NJ, or NH civil union recognized in OR is a whole other question, but a civil union that was entered into in OR does not exist. Civil unions, according to their current incarnation in the aforementioned four jurisdictions, are supposed to act as an analog to marriage. They require the same procedures and grant the same benefits as marriages. The legal recognition afforded to same-sex couples in Oregon (here's the link) is different in a number of ways. Most notably:

1. The legislation specifically refers to these contracts as domestic partnerships and not civil unions or marriage.

2. There is no ceremony requirement. Case law and statute are very clear on this matter; a marriage or civil union must have a ceremony to be valid.

3. The decision by the legislature to limit of the scope of recognition only within the confines of Oregon is a stark contrast to the recognition enjoyed by marriages and civil unions, which are presumed valid in a jurisdiction other than that where the marriage/civil union was entered into (obviously, a discussion of the federal and state DOMA statutes is merited on this point, but is ancillary to the issue at hand in this article).

I think for accuracy's sake, the words "civil unions" should be removed from this article title soon. As for what the article's new title should be, I think "Domestic partnerships in Oregon" is great. I certainly think a mention of the fact that the legislature purposefully named these relationships domestic partnerships (so as to avoid any potential conflicts with the current 'man/woman only' definition of marriage in the state) is warranted. Thoughts?Ronnotronald 14:04, 17 May 2007 (UTC)

Partnership/partnership
Ugh ... to match Wikipedia style and the other articles on ths topic, the the title of this page ought to be "Domestic partnership in Oregon", with a small "p", not "Partnership", capital "P", as it is now. Unfortunately, the small "p" version of the page already exists as a redirect, so I have no idea how to fix it. I'm going to enquire at the help desk about it ... --Jfruh (talk) 14:24, 29 May 2007 (UTC)
 * Moved the article over the redirect; please check Special:Whatlinkshere/Domestic Partnerships in Oregon at your leisure to take care of any remaining redirects. -- nae'blis 18:48, 29 May 2007 (UTC)

Assessment
Though this article has a fair amount of info, most of it comes from another article summarized here. Increaseing the breadth of the article will get it to a B class. Need to convert to inline citations for further improvement. Aboutmovies 16:04, 31 August 2007 (UTC)

Why is this included in HB 2839 when it's unrelated (directly)?
Section 5a. Policy regarding marriage. It is the policy of Oregon, and its political subdivisions, that only a marriage between one man and one woman shall be valid or legally recognized as a marriage. [Created through initiative petition filed March 2, 2004, and adopted by the people Nov. 2, 2004]

If anything it should be under "history" of the domestic partnership law if at all. If isn't related to a new bill that would change the original domestic partnership law. Can we please clean up this section and maybe add the part where it got final bill approval when signed by the govenor on 6/25/09

http://gov.oregonlive.com/bill/HB2839/ —Preceding unsigned comment added by 76.115.27.227 (talk) 14:31, 29 June 2009 (UTC)

Differences in the legislation
Oregon's domestic partnership law is no longer similar to that in Washington, considering same-sex marriage is now legal in the state of Washington. Someone with knowledge of this should amend. — Preceding unsigned comment added by LegalTech (talk • contribs) 14:58, 13 June 2013 (UTC)

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AC Ancona

Associazione Calcio Ancona, commonly referred to as Ancona, was an Italian football club based in Ancona, Marche. It was founded in 2004 as the phoenix club of defunct 1905 club Unione Sportiva Anconitana, which changed its name to Ancona Calcio in 1982. It used clause in the Article 52 of N.O.I.F.) with its last denomination. In 2010 it went bankrupt. Another club of the city, U.S. Ancona 1905 claimed as the phoenix club. However, the club also folded in 2017, with a second phoenix club, A.C. Anconitana, was founded in the Eccellenza. They merged with S.S. Matelica Calcio 1921 to found Ancona-Matelica, who aim to have their name changed back to just "Ancona" in 2022.

The nicknames of the team were i Dorici (The Dorians) and i Biancorossi (The Red and Whites).

From U.S. Anconitana to Ancona Calcio
Ancona had spells in Serie B before World War II and shortly after, but would not return to that level until 1988. Under coach Vincenzo Guerini, the club's rise was meteoric: 5th place in 1990 and promotion was achieved two years later. Although they would finish 17th and were relegated after just one year, the club nonetheless played in some memorable high-scoring games including a 3–0 home win over Inter. Midfielder Lajos Detari, winger Fabio Lupo and striker Massimo Agostini ensured Ancona had a respectable Goals For tally but conceded goals at an alarming rate.

The following year, Ancona reached a Coppa Italia final but were heavily beaten by Sampdoria. Near misses in the promotion race was followed by relegation in 1996 and again in 1998. After returning to Serie B in 2000, Ancona would achieve another promotion in 2003.

Its second Serie A season would be one of the worst of any Serie A club, with a record-equalling 28-game winless streak from the start. They finished the season with a pitiful 13 points. This was followed by bankruptcy and condemnation to Serie C2.

AC Ancona
Ancona finished 5th in 2005–2006 season and lost promotion play-off against Sassuolo by finishing best place but promoted after expulsions of Gela and Sassari Torres due to financial troubles. They finished 16th in Serie C1/B and played relegation play-off against Teramo in 2006–2007 season. Ancona won 4–2 by aggregate and remained in Serie C1.

In October 2007 it was reported that Centro Sportivo Italiano (CSI), run by the Vatican's Conference of Bishops, had purchased an 80% share in the club. The report read:

"It is a way to moralise football, to bring some ethics to a sector that is going through a deep crisis of values," said Ancona Archbishop Edoardo Menichelli, who recently played a benefit game against an Italy national team of singers.

CSI president Edio Costantini said the centre wanted "to invest in the true meaning of sport. We want football to be again a means of education and not tied to strictly monetary values".

"We will show that, for boys, football is not just an illusion or a bad example."

According to Catholic World News on 9 October 2007, the Vatican was distancing itself from the move, claiming the CSI was a group of 'lay Catholics' and the Vatican had 'nothing to do' with the project. Yet in a Reuters report on 11 October 2007, both the Vatican Secretary of State and the Pope endorsed the move, quoted as saying respectively:

Vatican Secretary of State Cardinal Tarcisio Bertone praised the project in a statement read at its presentation, saying it was designed to 'bring out the human and spiritual values in sport'.

Pope Benedict XVI also encouraged the team after receiving a shirt with his name and the number 16 on from them at a general audience in St Peter's Square

The club has had several Papal connections. The 'Project Soccer' initiative was blessed by Pope Benedict XVI with a letter sent by Cardinal Tarcisio Bertone to the Centro Sportivo Italiano. The 'Del Conero' stadium was visited by Pope John Paul II twice.

The club has been promoted back to Serie B after winning promotion playoff after defeating Perugia by finished best place and Taranto by 2–1 aggregate in 2007–2008 season. Ancona finished 19th at Serie B at next season and faced with Rimini at play-outs. Ancona won them with a 2–1 aggregate and remained in it.

The liquidation
Ancona played the 2009–10 season in Serie B, finishing 17th despite 2 points deduction due to financial irregularities in the season and avoiding relegation, but eventually filed for bankruptcy and was unable to join any of the lower divisions. The club, however, managed to submit application for a place in Terza Categoria, the lowest level of the Italian football league system. Their application was accepted on 13 September 2010, as they were granted a playing ground by the city administration. However, they were still lacking players and a manager and were subsequently forced to forfeit the first four games of the season. According to FIGC regulations, this led to the club's removal from the league and they underwent liquidation.

Notable former players
''This list of former players includes those who received international caps while playing for the team, made significant contributions to the team in terms of appearances or goals while playing for the team, or who made significant contributions to the sport either before they played for the team, or after they left. It is clearly not yet complete and all inclusive, and additions and refinements will continue to be made over time.''

Former managers

 * See .

Supporters and rivalries
The main rivals of Ancona was Ascoli.

Phoenix clubs
Two illegitimate phoenix clubs had formed in Ancona:
 * U.S. Ancona 1905, existed between 2010 and 2017
 * U.S. Anconitana A.S.D., exists since 2017

title: AC Ancona


text:
Talk:Spinello Aretino

Untitled

 * The academy of Florence possesses a panel of the Madonna and Saints, which is chiefly interesting for its signature Hoc opus pinxit Spinellus Luce Aritlo D.I.A. (1391).

Aritlo? That IS interesting, I suppose, but does it really say Aritlo? I'm just wondering if that's maybe an OCR error or something. --Iustinus 19:06, 19 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Yup, that was an OCR error alright: scan of original page (Thank you Tim Starling!) --Iustinus 17:07, 4 August 2006 (UTC)

title: Talk:Spinello Aretino


text:
Talk:Ravenholm

Untitled
In addiditon to the Ravenholm cityscape area, there is also an underground mine area you're required to pass through mid-way through finishing Ravenholm completely. Populated by every variety of headcrab, and dark. Hardly any zombies, but the Poison headcrab mixed in the same area with the normal headcrabs and fast headcrabs proves to be an albeit frightening and strenuous endeavor. Also, one of the first rooms you enter is filled with a variety of headcrabs. Not cool.

 * And that delecious part with the motorized rotor going back and forth in the mine cart.

On the sentence of Grigori (sic?), is it really ever stated he's the only one who survived?
 * No it isn't but I think it is stated in Raising the Bar. But the "...another life for me to save..." could mean there are others.
 * I always considered Ravenholm to be comprised of 4 things: First, the facility that is now Black Mesa East was likely operated by people living in Ravenholm before the 7 Hour War. Second, Ravenholm proper- which is largely a mining town, but also has a cement industry and possibly others. Third, the mine itself- largely abandoned. Finally, a dock, which of course is by a railroad line that connects with the mine as well- possibly ore was pulled from the mine and carted town the tracks to wherever. If we include the Ravenholm mod, Ravenholm is also surrounded by forest and has an extensive sewer system. dethtoll (talk) 01:58, 28 January 2008 (UTC)

I believe the "other life to save" can either reference his life, or the fact that he keeps talking about "balming" the zombies' "affliction." Longshotz (talk) 15:35, 26 February 2008 (UTC)

German Pub
Does anyone disagree if I say that Ravenholm could eventually be German? I mean, there are only a few possibilities for a German named Pub, and you can read it even in "Concerned" or in your own HL² if you got.

But this seems a little odd... City 17 isn't far away and this is something completely different, for example kyrilic letters (hope this is right but I don't think I spelled well). So, in fact Germany is still not a really popular land eg in USA, so this could mean "all Germans are bad", but I don't actually think so.

btw: I never liked Ravenholm. I like a massive gunfight more than shooting mumbling and hitting Zombies, ya know. --89.166.137.123 23:37, 10 January 2007 (UTC)

 * I don't know... Grigori sounds like he has a Russian accent, and I clearly remember seeing the sign "Цимент" on the roof of one building. Which, in Bulgarian/Russian, means "Cement", suggesting it's a cement factory.

Definitely an Eastern European setting, throughout the HL2 saga. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.91.34.138 (talk) 07:24, 2 January 2008 (UTC)

Voronezh?
Ravenholm is possibly based on the Russian city of Voronezh. Raven in Russian is for Ворон (Voron), so the name of Voronezh could be translated in English either as Ravencity or as Ravenholm. --Rtut 15:37, 10 February 2007 (UTC)

Possible theories
I've added some possible theories as to what might have influenced Valve's creation of Ravenholm. 72.49.117.53dethtoll

title: Talk:Ravenholm


text: Category:Serbian philosophers

title: Category:Serbian philosophers


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Tollard Royal

Tollard Royal is a village and civil parish on Cranborne Chase, Wiltshire, England. The parish is on Wiltshire's southern boundary with Dorset and the village is 6 mi southeast of the Dorset town of Shaftesbury, on the B3081 road between Shaftesbury and Sixpenny Handley.

History
Evidence of prehistoric occupation in the area includes a bowl barrow, reduced by ploughing, in the west of the parish on Woodley Down. Nearby is a linear earthwork straddling the county border, which is truncated by the Roman road from Badbury to Bath; a separate 480m section of the road survives as earthworks, with the flint road surface visible in places. On Berwick Down in the north of the parish a late Iron Age farmstead was replaced by a Romano-British settlement.

Domesday Book in 1086 recorded 31 households at Tollard. Much of the land was owned by Aiulf, whose other estates included Farnham in Dorset, immediately to the south. This was later reflected in the shape of the ancient parish, with land on both sides of the Wiltshire/Dorset border. The land in Dorset – including the hamlet of Tollard Farnham, and much of Farnham village but not its church – was merged in 1885 into Farnham civil parish.

The 'Royal' suffix came into use in the 16th century, possibly because King John was overlord of part of the manor. The parish population peaked in the later 19th century, with 384 recorded at the 1871 census. Numbers fell to 280 by 1881, then declined for most of the 20th century, reaching a low of 92 at the 1981 census.

Landowners
Landowners included Sir Edward Bayntun (d. 1544), Sir James Stumpe (d. 1563) and Sir Matthew Arundell (d. 1598), whose son Thomas was created Baron Arundell of Wardour in 1605. The Tollard estate continued in the Arundell family until circa 1819, when the 10th Baron sold most of the Wiltshire land to George Pitt, 2nd Baron Rivers (d. 1828). It passed to his nephew, the notorious gambler Horace Beckford, who then took the surname Pitt-Rivers. On the death in 1880 of his son, also Horace, the 27000 acre estate was inherited by a cousin, Augustus Lane-Fox, who also adopted the Pitt Rivers name.

Augustus Pitt Rivers had a long military career, retiring in 1882 with the rank of Lt General. By then he was already known as an ethnologist and antiquarian, and among the first scientific archaeologists; from the mid-1880s he investigated sites around the estate, including those at Rotherley Down, South Lodge and Woodcutts. His ethnological collections form the basis of Oxford's Pitt Rivers Museum, and The Salisbury Museum has a collection of his archaeological material.

The estate descended in the Pitt-Rivers family until the death in 1999 of Michael Pitt-Rivers, then passed to his partner William Gronow-Davis (d. 2015).

Parish church
The earliest known record of the Church of England parish church of St. Peter ad Vincula dates from 1291. Early English style features that survive from this time include the tower arch, a doorway and several windows, including two in the nave. The bell tower was built after a gift of £10 for the purpose in 1412.

The earliest record of the church's dedication to St. Peter ad Vincula ("St Peter in Chains") dates from 1469. It is one of only 15 churches in England with this dedication, which is after the Basilica of San Pietro in Vincoli in Rome.

Late in the 15th and early in the 16th centuries extensive Perpendicular Gothic alterations were made to the church. The tower was rebuilt and the south porch and three-bay north aisle were added and the nave was increased in height.

A west gallery was added in 1714 and later removed, probably during rebuilding work in the 1850s. The works included rebuilding the north aisle, removing the chancel arch and blocking up the east window, causing Pevsner to describe the church as "much renewed". In 1966 the church was designated as Grade II* listed. Today the parish is part of the Chase Benefice, a group of nine on both sides of the Dorset/Wiltshire border.

In 1553 the church had three bells and a sanctus bell. One was recast by William Tosier of Salisbury in 1728 and another by Mears and Stainbank in 1882, but the third mediaeval bell still hung in the tower in 1927. Two more bells were cast by Mears and Stainbank and added to the tower in 1889. In 1999 the three Mears and Stainbank bells and the mediaeval bell were replaced with a ring of six bells cast by the Whitechapel Bell Foundry. The 1728 bell has not been recast but it is no longer rung. The sanctus bell has also been retained; it was cast in Salisbury in about 1400.

Methodists
The parish had a Methodist congregation by 1773, and for several decades the Methodists worshipped in private homes licensed for the purpose. In 1879 a Primitive Methodist chapel was built of brick; it was closed in 1957.

King John's House
The large house known as King John's House, just south of the church, which is a former manor house and later a farmhouse, has at its core a 13th-century hall house. Remodelling in the 16th and 17th centuries added wings, in part timber-framed. Augustus Pitt Rivers restored and extended the house, and opened it to the public around 1890 as a museum, but by 1907 it was again a residence. Pevsner describes the house as "memorable".

The house was designated as Grade II* listed in 1966, and is operated by the Rushmore Estate as a holiday let and a base for events such as weddings.

Amenities
Tollard Royal has a public house, the King John Inn.

Sandroyd School, an independent junior school, is near the village at Rushmore House. The nearest state schools are at Ludwell and Shaftesbury, the village's 19th-century National School having closed in 1962.

Rotherley Downs, a biological Site of Special Scientific Interest, is partly within the parish.

Larmer Tree Gardens
Augustus Pitt Rivers, army officer and founder of modern archaeology, created a pleasure garden in 1880 within part of his Rushmore Estate to the south of Tollard Royal; the first private garden to be opened for public enjoyment in the United Kingdom. Following restoration in the 1990s, the Grade II* listed gardens are open to the public and are used for weddings and other events. The annual Larmer Tree Festival of music and arts has been held there since 1990, and the End of the Road music festival since 2006.

Ashcombe Estate
Ashcombe House and its 1134 acre estate lies between Tollard Royal and Berwick St John, in Berwick parish. Photographer and designer Cecil Beaton lived there between 1930 and 1945; it was bought by entertainer Madonna and her then husband Guy Ritchie in 2002, and transferred to Ritchie in 2009 as part of their divorce settlement.

Notable people
William Thorne (d. 1630), Regius Professor of Hebrew at Oxford, was rector from 1601.

Vere Temple (1898–1980), wildlife artist and entomologist, lived at Tollard Royal for some time around 1951.

title: Tollard Royal


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Malia Jones

Malia Jones (born March 27, 1977) is an American model and surfer.

Life and career
Jones was born in Loma Linda, California, and moved to Kailua, Hawaii, at the age of two. Jones is of Hawaiian,-Filipino, German and English descent. She began to surf competitively in her early teens, and at age 15 won the girls' division of the United States Amateur Surfing Championship. Surfing Magazine spotted her while she was competing and asked her to model for their swimsuit issue, and thus a second career was born.

Since then, she has appeared on the cover of over a dozen magazines, and has been named one of the "50 Most Beautiful People" by People magazine, and one of America's "10 Sexiest Athletes" by Esquire. She has also been a Sports Illustrated swimsuit model. Jones has done TV commercials for American Express, Capri Sun, Coca-Cola, Corona Beer, and VO5 shampoo. Jones was also a consultant for the Disney movie Lilo & Stitch. She also designs a line of swimwear for Mambo Graphics sportswear.

She married surfer Conan Hayes in 1999 then divorced. In 2007, she married Australian professional surfer Luke Stedman. In 2009, she gave birth to the couple's son, Spike. Jones divided her time between Hawaii, France and Sydney, Australia.

Her son with actor Alex O'Loughlin, Lion, was born in 2012. Jones and O'Loughlin married in Hawaii on April 18, 2014. They and their three sons (O'Loughlin's son, O'Loughlin and Jones's son, and Jones's son from her previous marriage) live in Hawaii.

title: Malia Jones


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Jean Gabriel Maurice Rocques

Jean Gabriel Maurice Rocques, comte de Montgaillard (November 16, 1761 – February 8, 1841) was a French political agent of the Revolution and First Empire era.

Early life
Born at Montgaillard-Lauragais, near Villefranche-de-Lauragais (Haute-Garonne), to a family of the minor noblesse, he was educated at the military school of Sorze, where he attracted the notice of King Louis XVI's younger brother, the Comte de Provence.

After serving for some years in the French Caribbean, Maurice de Rocques returned to France and settled in Paris as a secret diplomatic agent in 1789, and, although he was an émigré to Great Britain after the 10th of August 1792 attack on the Tuileries, he returned six weeks later to Paris, where his safety during the Reign of Terror was most probably purchased by services to the French Republic.

With the comte de Provence
He was again serving the Bourbon princes when he met Emperor Francis II at Ypres (in the Austrian Netherlands) in 1794 and met with William Pitt the Younger in London, where he published his État de la France au mois de mai 1794, predicting the fall of Maximilien Robespierre and the start of the Thermidorian Reaction.

Rocques was also employed by Louis XVIII to secure Habsburg aid in the release of Louis XVI's only surviving child, Madame Royale (Princess Marie-Thérèse-Charlotte), from the Temple Prison in Paris; Rocques also drafted the proposition made by the prince to General Charles Pichegru in exchange for his betrayal of the Republic.

Support for Bonaparte
In June 1796, Rocques made a journey to the Italian Peninsula in the hope of opening direct relations with Napoleon Bonaparte. On his return to the princes at Blankenburg am Harz, he was regarded with suspicion, and he departed for Paris to await events. He is thought to have indicated to the French Directory the possession by the Comte d'Antraigues, an agent of Louis XVIII, of documents compromising Pichegru. In April 1798 he surrendered to Claude Roberjot, at the time envoy of the Directory to the government of Hamburg (nominally, to the Hanseatic League), other papers relating to the matter.

He followed Roberjot to the Batavian Republic, and there wrote a memorandum to prove that the only hope for France lay in the immediate return of Bonaparte from the Egyptian campaign, followed by assumption of the supreme power. This note reached Bonaparte in Alexandria, after passing through of Berlin and Constantinople.

After the 18 Brumaire coup, when he returned to Paris in the hope of recognition by Napoleon, Rocques was imprisoned, and on his release he was kept under police supervision. Napoleon, who appreciated his real insight into European politics and his extraordinary knowledge of European courts, attached him to the Empire's secret cabinet in spite of his past intrigues.

Later diplomatic activities
He received a salary of 14,000 francs, reduced later to 6,000, for reports on political questions for Napoleon's use, and for pamphlets written to help the imperial policy. He tried to dissuade Napoleon from his Habsburg matrimony plans with Marie Louise and the invasion of Russia, and warned against expansion of the Empire beyond the Rhine, the Alps and the Pyrenees.

The Bourbon Restoration made no change in his position: he was maintained as confidential adviser on foreign and home politics, and gave apt advice to the new government. His career ended after the July Revolution, and he died in obscurity at Chaillot.

title: Jean Gabriel Maurice Rocques


text: User talk:80.58.18.235

title: User talk:80.58.18.235


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Thomas Oliphant (journalist)

Thomas Oliphant is an American journalist who was the Washington correspondent and a columnist for The Boston Globe.

Life and career
Oliphant was born in Brooklyn, New York. He graduated from La Jolla High School in California and in 1967 from Harvard University.

In 1968 he joined the Boston Globe. During his career with the newspaper, he served as its Washington correspondent and reported on ten Presidential campaigns. The Boys on the Bus, Timothy Crouse's account of the 1972 United States presidential campaign, included Oliphant as one of the prominent journalists among "the boys" covering the campaign.

Oliphant was one of three editors who managed The Globe coverage of school desegregation in Boston, work which won a 1975 Pulitzer Prize, and he was a finalist in 1980 in the category of Editorial Writing. He also received a writing award from the American Society of Newspaper Editors.

In March 2005, Oliphant suffered a brain aneurysm. His account of the experience and his recovery appeared in The Globe on June 5, 2005, At the end of 2005, he was one of 32 Globe staff members who accepted a retirement buyout package from the New York Times Company, owner of The Globe.

Oliphant has been a frequent guest on television news programs, including Nightline on ABC-TV, The NewsHour with Jim Lehrer on PBS, Face The Nation, the Today show, Good Morning America and CBS This Morning. His last appearance on Jim Lehrer's program was on Wednesday, August 26, 2009, when he discussed the legacy of Ted Kennedy. Oliphant was also a regular guest on The Al Franken Show, where he also appeared as a guest host in August 2006.

Oliphant is married to CBS reporter Susan Spencer.

Don Imus controversy
In April 2007, Oliphant became involved in controversy arising from some vulgar remarks that talk radio host Don Imus made regarding African American players on the Rutgers University women's basketball team. On April 9, 2007, Oliphant was a guest on the Imus' morning radio show in the midst of the developing controversy. Imus had apologized for his comment before that show, and Oliphant explained his decision to appear on the show to the New York Times, saying "He said he screwed up and he was sorry." On that evening's NewsHour with Jim Lehrer, Oliphant was critical of Imus' remarks, calling them "inexcusably horrible", but said "I don't think he should be fired."

Oliphant, after declaring solidarity with Imus, announced that he would no longer appear on television or radio until Imus was reinstated to both his radio show and the MSNBC simulcast.

Books

 * (co-author with Curtis Wilkie) The Road to Camelot: Inside JFK's Five-year Campaign (May 9, 2017) ISBN 9781501105562
 * (co-author) Baseball as a Road to God: Seeing Beyond the Game, (2013) ISBN 978-1-592-40754-5
 * Utter Incompetents. Ego and Ideology in the Age of Bush, (2007) Thomas Dunne Books. ISBN 0312360177
 * Praying for Gil Hodges : A Memoir of the 1955 World Series and One Family's Love of the Brooklyn Dodgers, (2005) ISBN 0-312-31761-1
 * (co-author) All by Myself: The Unmaking of a Presidential Campaign, (1989) ISBN 0-87106-547-9

title: Thomas Oliphant (journalist)


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The Last Don (album)

The Last Don is the solo debut album by Don Omar. It was released in 2003 and included collaborations from artists such as Daddy Yankee, Hector "El Bambino" and Trebol Clan, among others. The album sold 411,000 units in the US and was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). The album sold over 1,000,000 copies worldwide.

A re-release of the album, titled The Last Don: The Gold Series was released on December 19, 2006, through Machete Music. It includes two new songs: "Pobre Diabla" and "Ronca".

title: The Last Don (album)


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The West Coast Pop Art Experimental Band

The West Coast Pop Art Experimental Band (WCPAEB) was an American psychedelic rock band formed in Los Angeles, California, in 1965. The group created music that possessed an eerie, and at times sinister atmosphere, and contained material that was bluntly political, childlike, and bizarre. Representing different musical backgrounds among band members, the group, at times, resembled a traditional Byrds-esque folk rock ensemble, but the WCPAEB also, within the same body of work, recorded avant-garde music marked by multi-layered vocal harmonies.

Aspiring musician and scenester Bob Markley managed to join the group the Laughing Wind in exchange for his connections in the music industry and substantial bankroll. The original five-piece line-up consisted of Michael Lloyd (rhythm guitar, vocals), Shaun Harris (bass guitar, vocals), Danny Harris (lead guitar, vocals), John Ware (drums), and Markley (tambourine, vocals).

The band debuted with the album Volume One in 1966 on the small FiFo record label. In the early years of the group, much was made of the WCPAEB's elaborate psychedelic light shows, which became the focal point of their live performances in Los Angeles. Following the release of Volume One, the WCPAEB signed with Reprise Records, recording three albums with the company, including arguably their most accomplished work Volume 3: A Child's Guide to Good and Evil in 1968. Two additional albums, Where's My Daddy? and Markley, A Group, were distributed on independent labels before the group disbanded in 1970.

Formation and first album (1966)
The group was formed in August 1965 when Los Angeles playboy Bob Markley, a wealthy law graduate and adopted son of an oil tycoon, organized a party at his home in Beverly Hills. Markley previously hosted the television program Oklahoma Bandstand in 1958, until he was signed by a Warner Bros. Records executive, and purchased a luxury mansion in Los Angeles. He released two commercially unsuccessful singles, "Will We Meet Again" and "Summer's Comin' On", between 1960 and 1961, and produced recordings for some musical acts, including Lucifer and the Peppermints, Bobby Rebel, and Sonny Knight on Markley's own local record labels. In attendance at Markley's party were dozens of journalists, deejays, and various individuals of the "in-crowd", as well as live performances by Al Kooper followed by the Yardbirds. Producer Kim Fowley introduced Markley to Michael Lloyd, and brothers Shaun and Danny Harris, members of the group the Laughing Wind.

Lloyd began his music career in 1962 in an instrumental surf rock band which included Jimmy Greenspoon, known as the New Dimensions and later the AlleyKats. The group entered Stereo Masters studio to record three albums, during which time Lloyd first became acquainted with Fowley. While attending the Hollywood Professional School, Lloyd befriended the Harris brothers, who recorded the regional hit "Ski Storm" with rival act the Snowmen. In early 1965, Shaun Harris collaborated with Lloyd in his newly formed band the Rogues, releasing the Harris-Lloyd composition "Wanted: Dead or Alive", on Fowley's Living Legend label. Shortly thereafter, with Danny Harris and drummer John Ware in the fold, Lloyd and Shaun formed the Laughing Wind, which recorded the single "Good to Be Around" for Tower Records later that year. Recordings made or produced by these pre-WCPAEB acts were collected years later on the compilation album, The West Coast Pop Art Experimental Band Companion in 2011.

Markley became motivated by the large crowd a rock band like the Yardbirds attracted, particularly the number of teenage girls, and proposed he would finance and secure a recording contract for the Laughing Wind, in exchange for his inclusion into the group. Impressed and slightly seduced by the much older Markley's wealth and entourage, the band accepted his offer. The decision to record as the West Coast Pop Art Experimental Band, rather than the Laughing Wind, was made by Markley, who envisioned the band as a west coast counterpart to the Velvet Underground. Looking to have something tangible to represent the band, in 1966, the WCPAEB released their debut album on Markley's FiFo label, Volume One. Much of the album was recorded at Lloyd's personal studio and a rented store-front on La Cienega Boulevard, before Markley joined the group; however, tracks such as "Don't Break My Balloon" and "If You Want This Love" indicate he had some influence over the later sessions for the album's development. While Volume One did feature a small selection of original material, the majority of the album was cover versions including "Louie Louie", "You Really Got Me", and "It's All Over Now, Baby Blue".

Reprise years (1967–1968)
The WCPAEB embarked on their first tour in June 1966, establishing themselves as a live favorite with Los Angeles hippies at venues such as the Other Place and Wild Thing. The group shared the bill with the Mothers of Invention, the Seeds, Iron Butterfly, and the Yardbirds, among others. According to Ware, the group's performances were "the ultimate street happening for a while"; highlighted by their ambitious psychedelic light show, which was operated by Buddy Walters, who also arranged light shows for Jimi Hendrix and the Animals. In a review of a gig in 1967, the Los Angeles Free Press commended the WCPAEB's musicianship, but was critical of Markley for his "hypster" attitude and non-rhythmic tambourine playing. Although his bandmates did not like his pretentious on and off-stage antics, Markley did manage to negotiate a three-album deal with talent scouts of Reprise Records who had attended WCPAEB's performances.

In May 1967, the band recorded and released their first album for Reprise, Part One. By the time recording sessions began, Markley had assumed absolute control of the WCPAEB's publishing rights, which explains his unusual selection for the A-side of the album's singles: a "spoken rap" composition "1906", co-penned with session musician Ron Morgan, and a cover of the Mothers of Invention's song "Help, I'm a Rock". The album itself featured songs that exhibited a wide-ranging stylistic variety, including Byrds-esque folk rock, garage rock, and Baroque pop. The song "I Won't Hurt You" was one of two compositions (the other being "If You Want This Love") from the group's debut album re-recorded for Part One, where it was given a much more subdued atmosphere and a heartbeat rhythm. Shaun Harris sang the reworked version of "I Won't Hurt You", rather than Lloyd, who, aside from some backing vocals on the album, would not sing lead on a WCPAEB release until the 1969 album Where's My Daddy?.

Markley and Lloyd did not get on, which led to the latter leaving the group and Morgan joining full-time. According to Lloyd, Markley became increasingly overbearing on the WCPAEB's creative output, and "he started to believe that he was like, you know, the real deal, as opposed to the guy who doesn't sing and doesn't really have any musical thoughts and stuff like that. He wasn't content anymore just being the guy who ended up with the girls that he could get from it". Lloyd remained in Los Angeles and participated in a number of studio projects with Fowley and Mike Curb such as October Country, the Smoke, St. John Green, and the Fire Escape.

In August 1967, just prior to recording sessions for the WCPAEB's second Reprise album, Shaun Harris took a hiatus from the band. His departure was partly due to his disillusionment with the group, primarily with the WCPAEB's lack of success, and it served as a waiting period while his brother, Danny, was being treated for depression. He formed the California Spectrum with Danny, Lloyd, and Jimmy Greenspoon. The group toured the Midwest with Markley's state-of-the-art light show, and released two singles in its brief recording career, "Sassafras" (the same version featured on Volume One) and a cover of the Left Banke's "She May Call You Up Tonight", none of which were met with much attention. When Harris returned to the WCPAEB in 1968, he touted a completely different line-up, and promoted the California Spectrum with his column in the teen zine Tiger Beat until the group disbanded sometime in early 1969.

In late 1967, the WCPAEB released their third album, Vol. 2 (Breaking Through), which was the band's most ambitious, albeit less consistent than its predecessor, work to date. The album featured a peculiar cover photo of Markley and the Harris brothers sitting bare-chested in a silver bathroom, and a bold declaration on the backside: "Every song in this album has been written, arranged, sung and played by the group. No one censored us. We got to say everything we wanted to say, in the way we wanted to say it". For the first time, each track was credited either in whole or in part to members of the WCPAEB; however, Markley's manic narratives and questionable lyrical content (particularly young girls) dominate the record. An edited version of the Morgan-Markley composition "Smell of Incense" was issued just ahead of Vol. 2 (Breaking Through), but it failed to chart. The Dallas psychedelic pop group Southwest FOB covered the song in 1968, which reached No. 56 on the Billboard Hot 100. Among its ten tracks, the album included the politically satirical "In the Arena", possibly inspired by the Watts riots. Vol. 2 (Breaking Through) also features the anti-war song "Suppose They Gave a War and No One Comes", the full version of "Smell of Incense", and a rare instance of Markley singing is found on "Unfree Child".

The WCPAEB's fourth album Volume 3: A Child's Guide to Good and Evil was released in July 1968. The album represented a creative leap forward for the band and is often considered their most accomplished work. Band biographer Tim Forster described Volume 3 as the group's "most extraordinary achievement", one which utilized a "bizarre fusion of innocence and malice" heavily affected by the "exuberance of the British Invasion, folk rock, and flower power-era" being "swept away in a tide of bad drugs, paranoia, and protest". The album also saw Morgan experimenting with the droning quality of the electric sitar, featured prominently on "Ritual #1", "Until the Poorest of People Have Money", the title track, and "Ritual #2". In addition, Volume 3's front cover design showcased the "butterfly mind" artwork of John Van Hamersveld, who also is credited with the covers of Crown of Creation, Exile on Main St., and Magical Mystery Tour. Like the WCPAEB's earlier albums, Volume 3 failed to sell in sufficient quantities to reach the U.S. charts, and Reprise dropped the band.

Independent labels (1969–1970)
Late in 1968, Jimmy Bowen established his label Amos Records and signed the group the following year. While the band worked on the Where's My Daddy? album, Danny Harris rejoined and Lloyd returned to provide backing vocals and co-write "Where's My Daddy?", "Where Money Rules Everything", and "Coming of Age in L.A." with Markley. It became apparent on the album, however, that the echoing vocal harmonies found on the band's preceding works were replaced by a closely-miked sound. The album loosely possessed the components of a concept piece, narrated through the eyes of a young homeless girl named "Poor Patty" as she journeys through the chaos of post-Summer of Love Los Angeles. However, Where's My Daddy?, as well as its accompanying single "Free as Bird", failed to reverse the WCPAEB's commercial fortunes, and it is regarded by critics and fans as the group's most lackluster album release.

Lloyd negotiated with Curb to distribute the group's fifth and final album on Forward Records. Released in 1970, Markley insisted the album, originally self-titled, should be released under the name Markley, A Group. The album benefited from the full involvement and production experience of Lloyd, who sang the majority of the lead vocals, provided keyboards, and organized the orchestral arrangements. Danny Harris was a key influence on the album, writing half of its tracks. However, although the album is generally considered an improvement over Where's My Daddy?, the group could no longer cope with Markley's erratic behavior, and disbanded soon after the album's release.

Aftermath
Markley continued his playboy lifestyle at a beach house he purchased in Los Angeles. He produced Jim Stallings' (J. J. Light) European hit "Heya" and the album of the same name before vanishing from the music business. According to various accounts by band members and Fowley, in 1972 Markley had evaded imprisonment and kept a low-profile after an incident involving two underage girls. Markley sporadically contacted his former bandmates; however, Fowley recollected a conversation with Stallings in 1992: "He [Stallings] told me that Bob had been sitting in this rowing boat on a lake near Las Vegas - he was like a recluse. It got loose from its moorings and he drifted off alone for a day and a half. He was already pretty messed up, but he got very badly dehydrated. When they eventually found him he was taken to some hospital and placed on a life-support system, unable to speak or think". Markley died on September 9, 2003, in a hospital in Gardena, California; he was 68.

At age 20, Curb appointed Lloyd vice-president of MGM Records. In the 1970s, he became a successful record producer for teen idols, including the Osmonds, Shaun Cassidy, and Leif Garrett. In 1986, he was music supervisor for the soundtrack of the film Dirty Dancing, and has been involved in several other movie soundtracks well into the 2000s. Shaun Harris collaborated with Lloyd to release Harris's self-titled debut solo album in 1973, which explored his country rock influences. Later on, he became the president of Barry Manilow's publishing company and most recently Harris has written a play about his life. Although Danny Harris was initially disillusioned with the music industry, he recorded the gospel album Thank Him Every Day in 1980. He also worked as a folk musician and actor before dying on the set of Saving Mr. Banks from a heart attack on October 1, 2012. Morgan helped found Three Dog Night (though left before they found commercial success) and joined the Electric Prunes for their album Just Good Old Rock and Roll. He died in 1989 aged 44.

Band members

 * Bob Markley (August 29, 1935 – September 9, 2003) - tambourine, spoken word, vocals (1965–1970)
 * Michael Lloyd (born November 3, 1948) - rhythm guitar, keyboards, vocals (1965–1967, 1969–1970)
 * Shaun Harris (born March 2, 1946) - bass guitar, vocals (1965–1970)
 * Danny Harris (March 19, 1947 – October 1, 2012) - lead guitar, vocals (1965–1967, 1969–1970)
 * John Ware (born May 2, 1944) - drums (1966–1968)
 * Ron Morgan (1945 – 1989) - lead guitar, sitar (1967–1970)

Studio albums

 * Volume One (1966)
 * Part One (1967)
 * Vol. 2 (Breaking Through) (1967)
 * Volume 3: A Child's Guide to Good and Evil (1968)
 * Where's My Daddy? (1969)
 * Markley, A Group (1970)

Compilation albums

 * Legendary Unreleased Albums on the Raspberry Sawfly label (1980)
 * Transparent Day Sampler on Edsel Records ED 180 (1986)
 * The West Coast Pop Art Experimental Band Companion (2011)

Singles

 * FiFo Records
 * "Sassafras" b/w "I Won't Hurt You" (1966)
 * Reprise Records
 * "1906" b/w "Shifting Sands" (1967)
 * "Help, I'm a Rock" b/w "Transparent Day" (1967)
 * "Suppose They Give a War and No One Comes" b/w "Queen Nymphet" (1967)
 * "Smell of Incense" b/w "Unfree Child" (1968)
 * Amos Records
 * "Free as Bird" b/w "Where's My Daddy?" (1969)


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Bardolph

Bardolph or Bardolf is a surname and, in Middle English, a personal name. It originates from the Continental Germanic Bartholf or Bardwulf, from bard meaning "axe" and wulf meaning wolf, via the Old French Bardol(f). It may refer to:

People

 * Hugh Bardulf or Bardolf (died c. 1203), English administrator and royal justice
 * William Bardolf (leader) (died 1275 or 1276), English baronial leader
 * John Bardolf, 3rd Baron Bardolf (1314–1363), son of Sir Thomas Bardolf, 2nd Baron Bardolf
 * William Bardolf, 4th Baron Bardolf (1349–1386), son of the 3rd baron
 * Thomas Bardolf, 5th Baron Bardolf (died 1408), rebel against King Henry IV
 * William Phelip, 6th Baron Bardolf (1383–1441), Baron Bardolf in right of his wife Joan, daughter of the 5th baron
 * Doug Bardolph (1893–1951), Australian journalist, trade unionist and politician, brother of Ken
 * Ken Bardolph (1895–1964), Australian politician, brother of Douglas

Fictional characters

 * Bardolph (Shakespeare character), an alcoholic thief in four of Shakespeare's plays

title: Bardolph