text:
Persecution of Jehovah's Witnesses

The beliefs and practices of Jehovah's Witnesses have engendered controversy throughout their history. Consequently, the denomination has been opposed by local governments, communities, and religious groups. Many Christian denominations consider the interpretations and doctrines of Jehovah's Witnesses heretical, and some professors of religion have classified the denomination as a cult.

According to law professor Archibald Cox, Jehovah's Witnesses in the United States were "the principal victims of religious persecution … they began to attract attention and provoke repression in the 1930s, when their proselytizing and numbers rapidly increased." At times, political and religious animosity against Jehovah's Witnesses has led to mob action and governmental repression in various countries including the United States, Canada and Nazi Germany.

During World War II, Jehovah's Witnesses were targeted in the United States, Canada, and many other countries because they refused to serve in the military or contribute to the war effort due to their doctrine of political neutrality. In Canada, Jehovah's Witnesses were interned in camps along with political dissidents and people of Japanese descent.

Jehovah's Witness members have been imprisoned in many countries for their refusal of conscription or compulsory military service. Their religious activities are banned or restricted in some countries, including Singapore, China, Vietnam, Russia and many Muslim-majority countries.

Australia
In 1930, the Watch Tower Society had controlling interests in several radio stations in Australia, including 5KA, where presenters were told to preach and in 1931 began broadcasting sermons of Joseph Franklin Rutherford. In 1933, the Australian government banned Rutherford's sermons, which included diatribes against the Catholic Church, the British Empire, and the United States. On 8 January 1941, the Watch Tower Society's stations were closed down, being described as dangerous to national security. Jehovah's Witnesses was declared an illegal organization on 17 January 1941, with World War II described as "an ideal opportunity to get rid of licensees long regarded as deviant".

Austria
In the period between 1978 and 2004, Jehovah's Witnesses sought registration as a religious society under the 1874 law, which they were repeatedly prevented from doing by state institutions for various reasons. The ECHR ruled in 2008 that Austria had thus violated Articles 9, 14, 6 and 13 of the Convention on Human Rights.

Benin
During the first presidency of Mathieu Kérékou, activities of Jehovah's Witnesses were banned and members were forced to undergo "demystification training".

Bulgaria
In Bulgaria, Jehovah's Witnesses have been targets of violence by right-wing nationalist groups such as the IMRO – Bulgarian National Movement. On April 17, 2011, a group of about sixty hooded men besieged a Kingdom Hall in Burgas, during the annual memorial of Christ's death. Attackers threw stones, damaged furniture, and injured at least five of the people gathered inside. The incident was recorded by a local television station. Jehovah's Witnesses in Bulgaria have been fined for proselytizing without proper government permits, and some municipalities have legislation prohibiting or restricting their rights to preach.

Canada
In 1984, Canada released a number of previously classified documents which revealed that in the 1940s, "able bodied young Jehovah's Witnesses" were sent to "camps", and "entire families who practiced the religion were imprisoned". The 1984 report stated, "Recently declassified wartime documents suggest [World War II] was also a time of officially sanctioned religious bigotry, political intolerance and the suppression of ideas. The federal government described Jehovah's Witnesses as subversive and offensive 'religious zealots' … in secret reports given to special parliamentarian committees in 1942." It concluded that, "probably no other organization is so offensive in its methods, working as it does under the guise of Christianity. The documents prepared by the justice department were presented to a special House of Commons committee by the government of William Lyon Mackenzie King in an attempt to justify the outlawing of the organizations during the second world war."

China
Jehovah's Witnesses' activities in China are considered illegal. Former Canadian-American Jehovah's Witness missionary Amber Scorah recounted the lengths that she and her husband went through to preach illegally in China in the early 2000s. She describes how local Jehovah's Witnesses were forced to meet secretly in a different location every week, with invites by word-of-mouth only. She also describes how they would vet potential converts to make sure they had no Communist ties or leanings.

Cuba
Under Fidel Castro's communist regime, Jehovah's Witnesses were included among groups considered to be "social deviants" and were sent to forced labor concentration camps to be "reeducated". On July 1, 1974 the group was officially banned and their places of worship closed. Following the ban, members who refused military service were imprisoned for three years; it was reported that members were also imprisoned because of their children's refusal to salute the flag.

Eritrea
In Eritrea, the government stripped Jehovah's Witnesses of their civil and political rights in 1994 after their refusal to engage in voting and military service. Members of all ages have been arrested for participating in religious meetings. On 24 September 1994, three members were arrested and imprisoned without trial. International rights groups are aware of the situation of Jehovah's Witnesses in Eritrea and have repeatedly called for Eritrean authorities to end the persecution.

As of July 2016, 55 members were imprisoned. According to the Watch Tower Society, 28 members were released on December 4, 2020, and another four were released in early 2021.

France
Prior to World War II, the French government banned the Association of Jehovah's Witnesses in France, and ordered that the French offices of the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society be vacated. After the war, Jehovah's Witnesses in France renewed their operations. In December 1952, France's Minister of the Interior banned The Watchtower magazine, citing its position on military service. The ban was lifted on November 26, 1974.

In the 1990s and 2000s, the French government included Jehovah's Witnesses on its list of "cults", and governmental ministers made derogatory public statements about Jehovah's Witnesses. Despite a century of activity in the country, France's Ministry of Finance opposed official recognition of the denomination; it was not until June 23, 2000 that France's highest administrative court, the Council of State, ruled that Jehovah's Witnesses qualify as a religion under French law. France's Ministry of the Interior sought to collect 60% of donations made to the denomination's entities; Witnesses called the taxation "confiscatory" and appealed to the European Court of Human Rights. On June 30, 2011, the European Court of Human Rights ruled that France's actions violated the religious freedom of Jehovah's Witnesses.

Jehovah's Witnesses in France have reported hundreds of criminal attacks against their adherents and places of worship.

French dependencies
During the ban of The Watchtower in France, publication of the magazine continued in various French territories. In French Polynesia, the magazine was covertly published under the name, La Sentinelle, though it was later learned that The Watchtower had not been banned locally. In Réunion, the magazine was published under the name, Bulletin intérieur.

Georgia
In 1996, a year after Georgia adopted its post-USSR Constitution, the country's Ministry of Internal Affairs began a campaign to confiscate religious literature belonging to Jehovah's Witnesses. Individual Witnesses fled Georgia seeking religious refugee status in other nations. Government officials refused permits for Jehovah's Witnesses to organize assemblies, and law enforcement officials dispersed legal assemblies. In September 2000, "Georgian police and security officials fired blank anti-tank shells and used force to disperse an outdoor gathering of some 700 Jehovah's Witnesses in the town of Natuliki in northwestern Georgia on 8 September, AP and Caucasus Press reported." In 2002, prosecution of a priest who instigated violence against Jehovah's Witness members was impeded by a lack of cooperation by government and law enforcement.

In 2004, Forum 18 referred to the period since 1999 as a "five-year reign of terror" against Jehovah's Witnesses and other religious minorities. Amnesty International noted: "Jehovah's Witnesses have frequently been a target for violence … in Georgia … In many of the incidents police are said to have failed to protect the believers, or even to have participated in physical and verbal abuse."

On May 3, 2007, the European Court of Human Rights ruled against the government of Georgia for its toleration of religious violence toward Jehovah's Witnesses and ordered the victims be compensated for moral damages and legal costs. On October 7, 2014, the European Court of Human Rights, giving its judgement concerning violence against Jehovah's Witnesses in Georgia in the years 2000–2001, unanimously held that Georgia's state officials, in violation of Articles 3, 9 & 14 of the European Convention on Human Rights, had either directly participated in those attacks or had tolerated violence by private individuals against members of the religious group.

South Ossetia
In July 2017, the Supreme Court of South Ossetia ruled that Jehovah's Witnesses were an extreme organization. The court declared a penalty of ten years' imprisonment for "any religious activities such as assembly and distributing literature".

Germany
During 1931 and 1932, more than 2000 legal actions were instigated against Jehovah's Witnesses in Germany and members of the group were dismissed from employment. Persecution intensified following Adolf Hitler's appointment as chancellor in 1933 and continued until 1945. A "Declaration of Facts" was issued at a Jehovah's Witness convention in Berlin on June 25, 1933, asserting the group's political neutrality and calling for an end to government opposition. More than 2.1 million copies of the statement were distributed throughout Germany, but its distribution prompted a new wave of persecution against members of the denomination in Germany, whose refusal to give the Nazi salute, join Nazi organizations or perform military service demonstrated their opposition to the totalitarian ideology of National Socialism.

On October 4, 1934, congregations of Jehovah's Witnesses in Germany sent telegrams of protest and warning to Hitler. The Watch Tower Society reported that according to Karl R. A. Wittig, a government officer in Germany at the time, Hitler was shown a number of telegrams protesting the Third Reich's persecution of the Bible Students. Wittig reported: "Hitler jumped to his feet and with clenched fists hysterically screamed: 'This brood will be exterminated in Germany!' Four years after this discussion I was able, by my own observations, to convince myself … that Hitler's outburst of anger was not just an idle threat. No other group of prisoners of the named concentration-camps was exposed to the sadism of the SS-soldiery in such a fashion as the Bible Students were. It was a sadism marked by an unending chain of physical and mental tortures, the likes of which no language in the world can express."

About 10,000 Witnesses were imprisoned, including 2000 sent to concentration camps, where they were identified by purple triangles; as many as 1200 died, including 250 who were executed. From 1935 Gestapo officers offered members a document to sign indicating renouncement of their faith, submission to state authority, and support of the German military. Historian Detlef Garbe says a "relatively high number" of people signed the statement before the war, but "extremely low numbers" of Bible Student prisoners did so in concentration camps in later years.

Despite more than a century of conspicuous activity in the country, Jehovah's Witnesses in Germany were not granted legal recognition until March 25, 2005, in Berlin; in 2006 Germany's Federal Administrative Court in Leipzig extended the local decision to apply nationwide.

India
Jehovah's Witnesses' Office of Public Information has documented a number of mob attacks in India. It states that these instances of violence "reveal the country's hostility toward its own citizens who are Christians." There have been reports that police assist mob attacks on Jehovah's Witnesses or lay charges against the Witnesses while failing to charge other participants involved.

In Davangere on December 20, 2010 a mob confronted two female Witnesses. The mob broke into the home of one of the Witnesses where they had taken refuge. Property was damaged and one of the Witnesses was assaulted. When the police arrived, the Witnesses were arrested and charged with blasphemy. In another incident on December 6, 2011, three Witnesses were attacked by a mob in Madikeri. The male Witness "was kicked and pummeled by the mob" and then dragged towards a nearby temple; while making lewd remarks, the mob "tried to tear the clothes off of the female Witnesses". According to the Watch Tower Society, the police "took the three Witnesses to the police station and filed charges against them rather than the mob". During a July 2012 incident, a group of fifteen men assaulted four Witnesses in Madikeri. The group was taken to a police station and charged with "insulting the religion or religious beliefs of another class" before being released on bail.

In October 2023, a bomb blast at a Jehovah's Witnesses annual convention in Kerala killed 7 people and injured 50 others. The suspect claimed to be a disillusioned member of the Jehovah's Witnesses, and said he resented the Witnesses' anti-national doctrines.

Kazakhstan
Jehovah's Witnesses' activities in Kazakhstan were banned until 1997. After the ban was lifted, members continued to experience police disruption and imprisonment. Their activities are currently registered only in some regions of Kazakhstan, and the Watch Tower Society reports that the use of their literature is restricted.

Malawi
In 1967, thousands of Jehovah's Witnesses in Malawi were beaten and killed, houses and gathering places where burned along with their bibles and publications by police and citizens for refusing to purchase a card indicating endorsement of the Malawi Congress Party. While their political neutrality during the time of the old Colonial government was seen as an act of resistance, their continued non-involvement with the new independent government was viewed as treasonous. The organization was declared illegal and foreign members in the country were expelled. Persecution, both economic and physical, intensified after a September 1972 Malawi Congress Party meeting which stated that "all Witnesses should be dismissed from their employment; any firm that failed to comply would have its license cancelled". By November 1973, 21,000 Jehovah's Witnesses had fled to neighboring Zambia. In 1993, during the transition to a multiparty system and a change in leadership, the government's ban on the organization was lifted.

Russia
In 2004, the Moscow City Court banned the activities of Jehovah's Witnesses in Moscow and their legal entity was liquidated. Russian anti-extremism laws were extended to non-violent groups in 2007 and Jehovah's Witnesses were banned in the port city of Taganrog in 2009 after a local court ruled that the organization was guilty of inciting religious hatred by "propagating the exclusivity and supremacy" of their religious beliefs. In December 2009, the Supreme Court of Russia upheld the ruling of the lower courts which pronounced 34 pieces of Jehovah's Witness literature extremist, such as their magazine The Watchtower. The ruling upheld the confiscation of property of Jehovah's Witnesses in Taganrog. In December 2015, a Rostov Regional Court convicted 16 Jehovah's Witnesses of practicing extremism in Taganrog, with five given $5 1/2$-year suspended sentences and the remainder were issued fines they were not required to pay.

In July 2015, the Russian Federation Ministry of Justice added Jehovah's Witnesses' official website to the Federal List of Extremist Materials, making it a criminal offense to promote the website from within the country and requiring internet providers throughout Russia to block access to the site. In March 2017, the Russian News Agency TASS reported that Russia's Justice Ministry had suspended the activities of the Administrative Center of Jehovah's Witnesses in Russia due to extremist activities. In April 2017, UN Special Rapporteur on Freedom of Opinion and Expression David Kaye, UN Special Rapporteur on Freedoms of Peaceful Assembly and Association Maina Kiai, and UN Special Rapporteur on Freedom of Religion and Belief Ahmed Shaheed condemned Russia's desire to ban Jehovah's Witnesses.

On April 20, 2017, The Supreme Court of Russia issued a verdict upholding the claim from the country's Justice Ministry that Jehovah's Witnesses' activity violated laws on "extremism". The ruling liquidated the group's Russian headquarters in Saint Petersburg and all of its 395 local religious organizations, banning their activity and ordering their property to be seized by the state. According to the human rights organization Forum 18, this is the first time a court has ruled a registered national centralized religious organization as "extremist". Many countries and international organizations have spoken out against Russia's religious abuses of Jehovah's Witnesses. Leaders of various denominations have also spoken out against Russia's decision to ban the denomination. An article in Newsweek stated, "Russia's decision to ban Jehovah's Witnesses in the country shows the 'paranoia' of Vladimir Putin's government, according to the chair of the United States Commission on International Religious Freedom (USCIRF)." The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum also expressed deep concern over Russia's treatment of Jehovah's Witnesses.

In May 2017, armed Federal Security Services (FSB) officers arrested Dennis Christensen, a 46-year-old Danish citizen, at a hall in Oryol on charges related to extremism. On February 6, 2019, he was found guilty and sentenced to six years in prison.

A 2019 arrest in Surgut of a Jehovah's Witness has been alleged to involve torture.

In February 2021, a Russian court in the Republic of Khakassia sentenced 69-year-old Valentina Baranovskaya to two years in prison for taking part in religious activities that have been banned in Russia. She is the first female member of the denomination to be imprisoned in Russia since their activities were banned in 2017. Her 46-year-old son Roman Baranovsky was also sentenced to six years in prison. According to the Watch Tower Society, the Supreme Court denied their appeal on May 24, 2021, and added restrictions to be imposed on them after their release. Commenting on the sentence, the USCIRF tweeted that the sentencing of an elderly woman in poor health marks a "new low in Russia's brutal campaign against religious freedom."

In October 2022, three Jehovah's Witnesses were sentenced to six years in prison in Sevastopol, a city that belongs to a part of Ukraine annexed by Russia. Although the denomination's activities are legal in Ukraine, the decision was made by "a Moscow-imposed court" that found them guilty of organizing activities for Jehovah's Witnesses.

Singapore
In 1972, the Singapore government de-registered and banned the activities of Jehovah's Witnesses on the grounds that its members refuse to perform military service (which is obligatory for all male citizens), salute the flag, or swear oaths of allegiance to the state. Literature published by the denomination was also banned, and a person in possession of the banned literature may be fined up to S$2,000 (US$1,333) and jailed up to 12 months for a first conviction.

In 1994, the High Court of Singapore ruled on the case of Chan Hiang Leng Colin v Public Prosecutor, finding that banning the Jehovah's Witnesses did not violate the right to freedom of religion guaranteed by Article 15(1) of the Constitution of Singapore. According to the ruling by Chief Justice Yong Pung How, their refusal to perform military service was contrary to public peace, welfare and good order, and laws relating to public order are exceptions to freedom of religion set out in Article 15(4).

In February 1995, Singapore police raided private homes where group members were holding religious meetings, in an operation codenamed "Operation Hope". Officers seized Bibles, religious literature, documents and computers, and eventually brought charges against 69 Jehovah's Witnesses, many of whom went to jail. In March 1995, 74-year-old Yu Nguk Ding was arrested for carrying two "undesirable publications"—one of them a Bible printed by the Watch Tower Society.

In 1996, eighteen Jehovah's Witnesses were convicted for unlawfully meeting in a Singapore apartment and were given sentences from one to four weeks in jail. Canadian Queen's Counsel Glen How argued that the restrictions against the Jehovah's Witnesses violated their constitutional rights. Then-Chief Justice Yong Pung How questioned How's sanity, accused him of "living in a cartoon world" and referred to "funny, cranky religious groups" before denying the appeal. In 1998, two Jehovah's Witnesses were charged in a Singapore court for possessing and distributing banned religious publications.

In 1998, a Jehovah's Witness lost a lawsuit against a government school for wrongful dismissal for refusing to sing the national anthem or salute the flag. In March 1999, the Court of Appeals denied his appeal. In 2000, public secondary schools indefinitely suspended at least fifteen Jehovah's Witness students for refusing to sing the national anthem or participate in the flag ceremony. In April 2001, one public school teacher, also a member of Jehovah's Witnesses, resigned after being threatened with dismissal for refusing to participate in singing the national anthem.

Singapore authorities have seized Jehovah's Witnesses' literature on various occasions from individuals attempting to cross the Malaysia–Singapore border. In thirteen cases, authorities warned the Jehovah's Witnesses but did not press charges.

The initial sentence for failure to comply is 15 months' imprisonment, with an additional 24 months for a second refusal. Failure to perform annual military reserve duty, which is required of all those who have completed their initial two-year obligation, results in a 40-day sentence, with a 12-month sentence after four refusals.

South Africa
Beginning on June 7, 1967, the apartheid South African government passed the Defense Amendment Bill, making it compulsory for all white males of eligible age to participate in the armed forces. Conscription brought Jehovah's Witnesses into conflict with the government, and young men who refused military service were sentenced to no less than 12 months at a military detention barracks, with repeat convictions in some cases. According to the Survey of Race Relations in South Africa of 1974, during 1973, 158 Jehovah's Witnesses were sentenced "for refusing on religious grounds to render service or undergo training." In the first half of 1974, 120 Jehovah's Witnesses were sentenced. Conscription was officially ended in late August 1993. By this time, the Constitution of South Africa had been adjusted to allow for alternative civilian service instead of military service.

Soviet Union
Jehovah's Witnesses did not have a significant presence in the Soviet Union prior to 1939 when the Soviet Union forcibly incorporated eastern Romania, Moldavia, and Lithuania, each of which had a Jehovah's Witness movement. Although never large in number (estimated by the KGB to be 20,000 in 1968), the Jehovah's Witnesses became one of the most persecuted religious groups in the Soviet Union during the post-World War II era. Members were arrested or deported, and some were put in labor camps. Witnesses in Moldavian SSR were deported to Tomsk Oblast; members from other regions of the Soviet Union were deported to Irkutsk Oblast. KGB officials, who were tasked with dissolving the Jehovah's Witness movement, were disturbed to discover that the Witnesses continued to practice their faith even within the labor camps.

The Minister of Internal Affairs, Viktor Semyonovich Abakumov proposed the deportation of the Jehovah's Witnesses to Stalin in October 1950. A resolution was voted by the Council of Minister and an order was issued by the Ministry for State Security in March 1951. The Moldavian SSR passed a decree "on the confiscation and selling of the property of individuals banished from the territory of the Moldavian SSR", which included the Jehovah's Witnesses.

In April 1951, over 9,000 Jehovah's Witnesses were deported to Siberia under a plan called "Operation North". The Soviet government was so disturbed by the Jehovah's Witnesses who continued to receive religious literature smuggled from Brooklyn that the KGB was authorized to send agents to infiltrate the Brooklyn headquarters.

In September 1965, a decree of the Presidium of the USSR Council of Ministers canceled the "special settlement" restriction of Jehovah's Witnesses, though the decree, signed by Anastas Mikoyan, stated that there would be no compensation for confiscated property. However, Jehovah's Witnesses remained the subject of state persecution due to their ideology being classified as anti-Soviet.

Turkmenistan
The United Nations Human Rights Committee has indicated that Jehovah's Witnesses in Turkmenistan have been prosecuted and imprisoned for refusing to perform compulsory military service, despite Turkmenistan's constitution guaranteeing the right to "practice any religion alone or in association with others" and the right to "freedom of conviction and the free expression of those convictions". The UN committee noted, "The State party should take all necessary measures to review its legislation with a view to providing for alternative military service. The State party should also ensure that the law clearly stipulates that individuals have the right to conscientious objection to military service. Furthermore, the State party should halt all prosecutions of individuals who refuse to perform military service on grounds of conscience and release those individuals who are currently serving prison sentences." In May 2021, the Watch Tower Society reported that Turkmenistan has released all Jehovah's Witnesses who had been imprisoned for conscientious objection to military service.

According to the US Department of State, Turkmenistan's Ministry of Justice described Jehovah's Witnesses as foreign and dangerous. The US State Department also stated that the Turkmenistan government imposes restrictions on the freedom of Jehovah's Witness parents (and members of various other religious groups) to raise their children in accordance with their religious beliefs. In 2003, Jehovah's Witnesses' religious literature was confiscated, members of the denomination were denied exit visas, and others were stopped after crossing a border and forced to return. In 2004, five Jehovah's Witnesses were stopped and prevented from boarding a flight to another country because their names were included on a "black list" of citizens prohibited from leaving the country. In 2015, a Jehovah's Witness in Turkmenistan was sentenced to four years in prison for allegedly inciting hatred at a religious meeting held in a private home, and other attendees were fined.

United States
During the 1930s and 1940s, some US states passed laws that made it illegal for Jehovah's Witnesses to distribute their literature, and children of Jehovah's Witnesses in some states were banned from attending state schools.

The persecution of Jehovah's Witnesses for their refusal to salute the flag became known as the "Flag-Salute Cases". Their refusal to salute the flag became considered as a test of the liberties for which the flag stands, namely the freedom to worship according to the dictates of one's own conscience. The Supreme Court found that the United States, by making the flag salute compulsory in Minersville School District v. Gobitis (1940), was impinging upon the individual's right to worship as one chooses—a violation of the First Amendment Free Exercise Clause in the constitution. However, Justice Frankfurter, speaking on behalf of the 8-to-1 majority view against the Witnesses, stated that the interests of "inculcating patriotism was of sufficient importance to justify a relatively minor infringement on religious belief". The ruling resulted in a wave of persecution. Lillian Gobitas, one of the schoolchildren involved in the decision, said, "It was like open season on Jehovah's Witnesses."

The American Civil Liberties Union reported that by the end of 1940, "more than 1,500 Witnesses in the United States had been victimized in 335 separate attacks". Such attacks included beatings, being tarred and feathered, hanged, shot, maimed, and even castrated. As reports of attacks against Jehovah's Witnesses continued, "several justices changed their minds, and in West Virginia State Board of Education v. Barnette (1943), the Court declared that the state could not impinge on the First Amendment by compelling the observance of rituals."

In 1943, after a drawn-out litigation process by the Watch Tower Society in state courts and lower federal courts, the Supreme Court ruled that public school officials could not force Jehovah's Witnesses and other students to salute the flag and recite the Pledge of Allegiance. In 1946 and 1953 Supreme Court decisions were handed down establishing their right to be exempted from military service.

title: Persecution of Jehovah's Witnesses


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Pandey

Pandey, Pande, or Panday (Hindi: पाण्डेय/पाण्डे/पाँडे/पाण्डेय) (Nepali: पाण्डे/पाँडे/पाण्डेय) is a surname which has its roots in Sanskrit.

India
Majority of Pandey in India are classified under Brahmin varna, mainly residing in various north Indian states including Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Uttarakhand, Bihar, Maharashtra, Delhi, Madhya Pradesh, Karnataka. They used to have the knowledge of all four of the Vedas, Puranas, and Upnishads. With urban migration, now you can find people with the name in other parts of India as well.

Nepal
Pandey surname / family name most commonly found amongst the Chhetri Kshatriyas communities of Nepal; Pande dynasty of Nepal were the Kshatriyas Chhetri aristocratic family who dominated the Nepalese administration and military up until the 19th century as Mulkaji and Mukhtiyar.

Similarly to India, Pandey as a last name is also used by Bhramins of the Madhesi community.

Notable people

 * Aditya Pande, (born 1976) Indian contemporary artist
 * Alok Pandey, Indian actor
 * Ananya Panday, Indian actress
 * Basdeo Panday, 5th Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago from 1995 to 2001
 * B. D. Pande (born 1917), former governor of Punjab and West Bengal
 * Bhim Bahadur Pande (1915–1992), Nepalese aristocrat, diplomat and historian, awarded title of Sardar
 * Brij Bihari Pandey, political leader
 * Chhavi Pandey (born 1994), Indian actress and anchor
 * Chittu Pandey (1865–1946), Freedom fighter from Baliya
 * Chunky Pandey (born 1962), Bollywood film star
 * Dalbhanjan Pande, Nepalese politician, military officer and senior minister from Gora Pande clan
 * Damodar Pande, Mulkaji (Prime Minister) of Kingdom of Nepal; Son of Kaji Kalu Pande
 * Ganesh Pandey, first Kaji of Gorkha Kingdom
 * Ganpath Rai Pandey, revolutionary, rebel leader and zamindar
 * Ghanshyam Pande, religious leader, commonly known as Swaminarayan; believed to be a deity by followers
 * Govind Chandra Pande (1923–2011), historian
 * Gyanendra Pandey (born 1972), Cricketer
 * Kabinga Pande (born 1952), Minister of Foreign Affairs, Zambia
 * Kalu Pande (born Vamshidhar Pande); Kaji of Gorkha Kingdom, one of the Nepalese military leaders of Unification of Nepal, leader of aristocratic Pande family of Nepal
 * Kedar Pandey (1920–1982), politician, Chief Minister of Bihar
 * Kedar Nath Pandey (1943–2022} Indian politician and leader of Communist Party of India
 * Rahul Sankrityayan (Kedarnath Pandey), polyglot Writer, Padma Bhushan, Sahitya Academy Award winner
 * Mahendra Bahadur Pandey (born 1948), Nepali politician
 * Mangal Pandey, Indian soldier who played a key part in the events immediately preceding the outbreak of the Great Rebellion of 1857
 * Manish Pandey (born 1989), Indian cricketer
 * Manish Raj Pandey (born 1970), Nepalese cricketer
 * Capt. Manoj Kumar Pandey, Indian Army officer from 11th Gorkha Rifles; winner of Param Vir Chakra, India's highest bravery award
 * Mike Pandey, Wildlife film maker
 * Mrinal Pande (born 1946), Indian journalist, editor, columnist
 * Neeraj Pandey (born 1973), Bollywood film director, writer & producer
 * Nirmal Pandey (1962–2010), Bollywood actor from Nainital in Uttarakhand
 * Nitesh Pandey (born 1973), Indian TV/films actor
 * Piyush Pandey, advertising executive, Mumbai, India
 * Poonam Pandey (born 1991), Bollywood actor, Mumbai, India
 * Pradeep Pandey Indian film actor
 * Prem Chand Pandey, scientist and founder director, NCAOR-Indian Antarctic Program
 * Prithvi Bahadur Pande, Chairman of Nepal Investment Mega Bank Limited
 * Rahul Pandey, Indian playback singer
 * Raj Mangal Pande (born 1920), politician, former Central HRD Cabinet Minister, Government of India
 * Rajkumar R. Pandey Indian film director, producer, music composer and screenwriter
 * Rana Jang Pande (Mukhtiyar), Prime Minister of Nepal, Son of Kaji Damodar Pande
 * Ranajit Pande, Nepalese Mulkaji from aristocratic Pande family
 * Rangaraj Pandey (born 1975), Tamil journalist, political analyst, actor, TV anchor
 * Rati Pandey, Indian actress and anchor
 * Ravish Kumar (full name Ravish Kumar Pandey), Journalist at NDTV
 * Ritesh Pandey, Indian politician
 * Ritesh Pandey (singer), Indian singer
 * Rohini Pande, economist
 * Sandeep Pandey (born 1965), social activist
 * Santosh Pandey (Uttar Pradesh politician)
 * Santosh Pandey (Chhattisgarh politician)
 * Saroj Pandey, Indian politician and member of the Bharatiya Janata Party
 * Shikha Pandey (born 1989), Indian female cricketer
 * Sunil Pandey, Indian politician
 * Surendra Pandey (born 1958), Nepali politician
 * Tansen (Ramtanu Pandey), one of navratnas of Akbar and scholar of ragas and India's great musician
 * Tarkeshwar Pandey, former Indian Member of Parliament
 * V. C. Pande (1932–2005), former Cabinet Secretary and former governor, Bihar and Arunachal Pradesh
 * Vamsharaj Pande, Dewan (Prime Minister) of Kingdom of Nepal
 * Vijay Kumar Pandey, Nepali media personality
 * Vijay S. Pande (born 1970), protein biochemist
 * Vinod Pande, film maker and author
 * Members of Pande family

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Pandey


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Ogre (Tekken character)

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was keep. See also Votes for deletion/Tekken characters. --Tony Sidaway Talk 03:33, 3 August 2005 (UTC)

Ogre (Tekken character)
Single character in a computer game. Character is not widely notable; article has no encyclopedic content. Merge to List of Tekken characters. DES 06:23, 25 July 2005 (UTC)
 * If you want something merged, why are you nominating it for deletion? You can slap a merge tag on it or merge it yourself.  I vote Merge, but unhappily.  CanadianCaesar 07:04, 25 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep: User has already created Votes for deletion/Tekken characters, so I see no need whatsoever for this redundant VfD. jglc | t | c 14:58, 25 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge/redirect to some Tekken article. No way this deserves its own page. -R. fiend 16:30, 25 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, non-encyclopedic fancruft. Martg76 22:01, 25 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, wikipedia is not paper. Kappa 13:43, 26 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep: List of Tekken characters has been judged too long, and User:Mitaphane is merging people out to cut it down. This is one of those merges.  (I don't know Tekken from a hole in the ground, so I'm not making any judgments on its actual notability.)  Marblespire 20:30, 26 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Are you trying to say that there's no room for 3 more sentences in the Tekken characters article? -R. fiend 18:24, 29 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete nn tekken fancruft. JamesBurns 08:00, 27 July 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
User talk:FlyingHat

Welcome!

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, please be sure to sign your name on Talk and vote pages using four tildes (~~~~) to produce your name and the current date, or three tildes (~~~) for just your name. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my Talk page. Again, welcome!
 * The Five Pillars of Wikipedia
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 * Manual of Style
 * Merging, redirecting, and renaming pages
 * If you're ready for the complete list of Wikipedia documentation, there's also Topical index.

-Poli (talk • contribs) 06:23, 2005 July 25 (UTC)

title: User talk:FlyingHat


text:
User talk:Engineer Bob

= Link to old discussions =

= 2024 =

Proposed deletion of Saturday in the Park (disambiguation)

The article Saturday in the Park (disambiguation) has been proposed for deletion because of the following concern: "Invalid and unnecessary disambiguation page containing the primary topic and only one other topic."

While all constructive contributions to Wikipedia are appreciated, pages may be deleted for any of several reasons.

You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the notice, but please explain why in your edit summary or on the article's talk page.

Please consider improving the page to address the issues raised. Removing will stop the proposed deletion process, but other deletion processes exist. In particular, the speedy deletion process can result in deletion without discussion, and articles for deletion allows discussion to reach consensus for deletion. AllTheUsernamesAreInUse (talk) 03:08, 1 February 2024 (UTC)

June 8, 2024
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 15:21, 30 May 2024 (UTC)

title: User talk:Engineer Bob


text:
Trident Studios

Trident Studios was a British recording facility, located at 17 St Anne's Court in London's Soho district between 1968 and 1981. It was constructed in 1967 by Norman Sheffield, drummer of the 1960s group the Hunters, and his brother Barry.

"My Name is Jack" by Manfred Mann was recorded at Trident in March 1968, and helped launch the studio's reputation. Later that year, the Beatles recorded their song "Hey Jude" there and part of their self-titled double album (also known as the "White Album"). Other well-known albums and songs recorded at Trident include Elton John's "Your Song", David Bowie's The Rise and Fall of Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders from Mars, Lou Reed's Transformer, Carly Simon's No Secrets, and Queen's albums Queen, Queen II and Sheer Heart Attack.

Other artists recorded at Trident included the Bee Gees, Chris de Burgh, Frank Zappa, Genesis, Brand X, James Taylor, Joan Armatrading, Joe Cocker, Golden Earring, Harry Nilsson, Kiss, Tygers of Pan Tang, Lou Reed, Peter Gabriel, Marc Almond, Marc and the Mambas, Smack, Soft Cell, Rick Springfield, the Rolling Stones, Rush, Free, Thin Lizzy, Tina Turner, T.Rex, Van der Graaf Generator, Yes, Black Sabbath and John Entwistle.

The Sheffield brothers had a relaxed working attitude, but also emphasised high standards of audio engineering. The studio's state-of-the-art recording equipment helped attract many major artists to record there.

The studios are still in operation, now specialising in post-production for TV and Film.

The Beatles and Apple Records
In mid-1968, Trident Studios was the first in the UK to use Dolby noise reduction, and employ an eight-track reel-to-reel recording deck.

While Abbey Road Studios still used only four-track at the time, Trident's Ampex eight-track machine drew the Beatles on 31 July 1968 to record their song "Hey Jude". Paul McCartney later said about recording the track at Trident: "Words cannot describe the pleasure of listening back to the final mix of 'Hey Jude' on four giant Lockwood / Tannoy speakers which dwarfed everything else in the room ..." The band also recorded some songs for their 1968 double album The Beatles (also known as the White Album) at Trident – "Dear Prudence", "Honey Pie", "Savoy Truffle" and "Martha My Dear" – and on February 22, 1969, they first recorded "I Want You (She's So Heavy)" there for the album Abbey Road. John Lennon and Yoko Ono later returned with the Plastic Ono Band to record "Cold Turkey" featuring Eric Clapton on lead guitar.

Many of the Beatles' Apple Records artists used Trident Studios, including Badfinger, Billy Preston, Mary Hopkin, Jackie Lomax and James Taylor. Part of George Harrison's triple album All Things Must Pass, containing the hit "My Sweet Lord", and Ringo Starr's "It Don't Come Easy", were also recorded there. Harry Nilsson recorded "Without You" at Trident, and portions of several of his 1970s albums.

Queen
The history of the Sheffield brothers and Trident Studios is also linked to the early discovery and success of the rock band Queen. In 1972, Trident Studios started two record production companies, one of which (Neptune Productions) initially signed three artists, Mark Ashton, Eugene Wallace and Queen. The agreements with the artists were for recording and publishing, but Queen had no management, so they insisted that Trident also take on that responsibility. Trident, initially reluctant, eventually agreed and Queen signed an agreement with Trident Recording, Publishing and Management, on 1 November 1972.

The management at the time claimed the deal allowed the band full access to the studio's cutting edge facilities, and supported them by providing the best producers and engineers - so long as the foundations of the band's first album Queen were recorded 'off peak'. Roger Taylor later quoted these early off-peak studio hours as "gold dust".

After the album was completed the Sheffield brothers had great difficulty finding a record label to take on the album and release it. Finally, eight months later, the brothers decided to take on the risk and fund the release themselves and Queen released their self-titled first album under the Trident label in a license deal with EMI Records in the UK and Elektra Records in the US. Trident subsequently released Queen II and Sheer Heart Attack under this same arrangement. After the band left Trident, they signed directly with EMI and Elektra for A Night at the Opera.

David Bowie, Elton John and others
In March 1968, Manfred Mann recorded Trident's first number one at the studio, the single "My Name Is Jack". From 1968 to 1981, some of the most reputed artists used the studios for their recordings, including David Bowie, Elton John, Marc Bolan/T.Rex, Carly Simon, Frank Zappa, the Rolling Stones, Free, Genesis, Lou Reed, Joan Armatrading, Black Sabbath, Lindisfarne, Dusty Springfield, the Mahavishnu Orchestra, Krisma, Jeff Beck/Rod Stewart and other artists. Elton John's "Your Song" and Carly Simon's "You're So Vain" were both engineered at Trident by Robin Geoffrey Cable, who later went on to produce two albums for the Dickies.

Tony Stratton-Smith's Charisma Records was also one of the most regular clients of the studios during the 1970s. Genesis recorded several of their most renowned albums there, including Trespass (1970), Nursery Cryme (1971) and A Trick of the Tail (1976). The jazz fusion band Brand X recorded their debut studio album Unorthodox Behaviour here (1976). Other artists from the label who recorded at Trident were Van der Graaf Generator, Peter Hammill, Lindisfarne and Peter Gabriel. Charisma's first Van der Graaf Generator release, The Least We Can Do Is Wave to Each Other, was recorded at Trident from 11 to 14 December 1969. Most of the album was recorded on eight-track, but the last song, "After the Flood", was recorded on 16. Trident was also among the first studios in the UK to obtain a 16-track machine.

The Trident 'A' Range console
The Trident A Range consoles were originally designed and built as an in house project by Malcolm Toft who was chief recording engineer at Trident and Barry Porter who was in charge of studio maintenance. Other studios heard about it and placed orders for consoles and Trident Audio Developments was formed with Malcolm Toft as managing director. Cherokee Studios in Los Angeles was one of the early recipients of one of the first production models, and ultimately purchased three new from Trident and one from a broker at a later time. David Bowie, Rod Stewart, and Frank Sinatra are among the early artists who first recorded hit records on Cherokee's first 'A' Range console.

"Though it had a very limited run, the Trident A Range console gained a reputation for its very distinct and pleasant sound with a very "musical" EQ section. Along with channel strips from early Neve and Helios consoles, original Trident A Range modules have kept a healthy resale value and are much sought after by engineers who like to combine old-school analogue gear with cutting-edge digital recording technology."

Studio piano
Trident also gained a reputation for the sound of its piano, which can be heard on the Beatles' "Hey Jude", Elton John's "Your Song", Carly Simon's "The Right Thing To Do", Queen's "Killer Queen" and many other tracks. It was a handmade C. Bechstein concert-sized instrument that was over one hundred years old. The piano was offered for auction in November 2001, but failed to sell.

Lockwood Tannoy monitoring speakers
From 1968 until 1974, Trident used four large monitoring loudspeakers in the control room. These speakers were mentioned by Paul McCartney: "Words cannot describe the pleasure of listening back to the final mix of 'Hey Jude' on four giant Lockwood / Tannoy speakers which dwarfed everything else in the room ..."

The recording was done on Lockwood Tannoy speakers, and had to be equalized post-recording to fix the balance of high-end notes. The speaker drivers used were 15-inch dual-concentric Tannoy Golds, which had been newly developed, mounted in cabinets made by Lockwood, UK. They were black in colour and fabricated in Formica with a gold bezel. Two of the original loudspeakers still exist and more information can be found here atThe Original Trident Studios monitoring Loudspeakers - A History

Later history
Trident Studios was sold in December 1981. It was bought by its senior engineer, Stephen Short, along with three other investors. In 1986, Short bought out the other investors and opened Trident 2 which was opened in 1983 and the investors were J.P. Illiesco and Rusty Egan. There were also another group of producers and investors who tried to buy Trident in the 1980s after its initial closure, headed by Neville Kernick-Nixon, Flood and John Keating; the former then opened The Mad House, later known as The Music Station.

The original Trident mixing desk also survived, and was purchased in the early 1980s from the studio's owners by songwriter and former Cure bassist Phil Thornalley. It is now housed in Thornalley's own recording studio, Swamp Studios in north-west London. The Swamp is actually based around the Trident Tri‑mix desk.

Since 1981, the studios have changed name(s) and hands multiple times, with the original building remaining in situ.

Blue plaque
On 15 June 2017, a British Plaque Trust permanent blue plaque was unveiled outside the building at 17 St Anne's Court, London in the recognition of the multiple David Bowie albums recorded there.

Partial discography
The following is a partial list of work either recorded, mixed or mastered at Trident Studios between 1968 and 1981, edited from the timeline on the Trident Studios official website. A Further list of albums is available at Albums recorded at Trident Studios

title: Trident Studios


text:
Blood on the Moon

Blood on the Moon is a 1948 RKO black-and-white "psychological" Western film noir starring Robert Mitchum, Barbara Bel Geddes, Robert Preston and Walter Brennan. Directed by Robert Wise, the cinematography is by Nicholas Musuraca. The movie was shot in California as well as some of the more scenic shots at Red Rock Crossing, Sedona, Arizona. The picture is based on the novel Gunman's Chance by Luke Short.

Plot
Drifter Jim Garry is summoned by his friend, smooth-talking Tate Riling. Garry rides into an Indian reservation and finds himself in the middle of a conflict between a cattle owner and some homesteaders. He meets cattle owner John Lufton, who asks Garry to deliver a note to his family. While delivering the message, Garry is confronted by Lufton's daughter Amy, and eventually meets his other daughter, Carol. The Luftons suspect that Garry is on Riling's side and are initially hostile, especially Amy. Riling tells Garry that he and his partner, Indian agent Jake Pindalest, have devised an elaborate scheme to force Lufton into selling his herd cheaply.

Pindalest has rejected Lufton's cattle as unfit to feed the Indians and ordered him to remove his herd from the reservation within a week. Meanwhile, Riling has organized the homesteaders into blocking the move, conning them into believing that he is working in their interest. With no other option, Lufton would have to sell his herd at bargain prices or lose everything. Lufton would never sell to Riling, but he would to a stranger like Garry. Pindalest would then see that the government buys the herd. Riling offers Garry $10,000 for his part in the swindle.

Lufton manages to outsmart Riling and move his herd off the reservation unimpeded. He and Amy assume incorrectly that Garry read the note, which described the route he wanted Riling to think he planned to take. Riling was actually tipped off by Lufton's other daughter, Carol, who is in love with Riling. Riling and his men find the cattle eventually and stampede them back onto the reservation. There is not enough time to gather the herd together and move the herd. Garry becomes disgusted when a young man is killed in the stampede, and he switches sides. Amy still does not trust him. Eventually, she comes to trust and fall in love with Garry, especially after he stops two of Riling's men from gunning her father down.

To buy time, Garry deceives Pindalest, who is unaware of his break with Riling, into sending a messenger to the government to extend the deadline. Garry then takes Pindalest prisoner. Riling and his gang track them down. Garry flees to the cabin of Kris Barden, the father of the young man killed in the stampede. They are joined by Amy. A gunfight erupts. Though wounded earlier, Garry sneaks out at night, knocks Pindalest out and dispatches Riling's two henchmen. That leaves the two old friends to face each other. Riling is fatally wounded. Pindalest is taken into custody, and Garry decides to give up his wandering ways, much to Amy's delight.

Cast

 * Robert Mitchum as Jim Garry
 * Barbara Bel Geddes as Amy Lufton
 * Robert Preston as Tate Riling
 * Walter Brennan as Kris Barden
 * Phyllis Thaxter as Carol Lufton
 * Frank Faylen as Jake Pindalest
 * Tom Tully as John Lufton
 * Charles McGraw as Milo Sweet

 * Clifton Young as Joe Shotten
 * Tom Tyler as Frank Reardon
 * George Cooper as Fred Barden
 * Tom Keene as Ted Elser
 * Bud Osborne as Cap Willis
 * Zon Murray as Nels Titterton
 * Robert Bray as Bart Daniels

Production
The idea for Blood on the Moon (based on Luke Short's Gunman's Chance) came from Robert Wise and Theron Warth, who pitched the idea to producer Dore Schary as a mood piece akin to Out of the Past and Crossfire, both produced by RKO. Schary agreed to produce the film and signed Lillie Hayward to write the screenplay.

Talent agency Famous Artists offered RKO a deal with either James Stewart or Robert Mitchum in the leading role of Jim Garry, and Jacques Tourneur as director, but Schary refused the deal and backed up Wise as director. Wise enjoyed working with Mitchum and liked that he offered suggestions. When Mitchum showed up to the set dressed up in costume, Walter Brennan exclaimed: "That is the realest goddamnest cowboy I've ever seen!"

Filming of Blood on the Moon began in February 1948 and ended in May of the same year, with Sedona, Arizona, the Rocky Mountains, California, Utah and New Mexico serving as locations. Inspired by the production design of Citizen Kane (which Wise co-edited), Wise had the interior sets built with visible low-ceilings. In order to create the night scenes of the film, Wise and cinematographer Nicholas Musuraca utilized infrared film, which in Musuraca's opinion, could cause headaches regarding problems with color of clothing and tone of makeup.

The bar brawl between Garry and Rilling took three days to shoot. Wise wanted a realistic fight where the winner comes out on top badly beaten and exhausted instead of the usual Western brawls and had Mitchum and Preston do the fight instead of stunt doubles.

Production of the film dragged on due to bad weather. Wise noted that none of the weather reports that the crew received got the weather forecast right. After the film was completed, Howard Hughes terminated Barbara Bel Geddes' contract with RKO, believing she was not sexy enough.

Critical response
The New York Times gave the film a good review and lauded Robert Mitchum's acting and Lillie Hayward's screenplay:

"...Blood on the Moon still stands out from run-of-the-range action dramas. The reason is obvious enough. This picture has a sound, sensible story to tell and, besides, it is well acted. Robert Mitchum carries the burden of the film and his acting is superior all the way...Lillie Hayward's screen play, taken from a novel by Luke Short, is solidly constructed and by not over-emphasizing Jim Garry's inherent honesty, she has permitted Mr. Mitchum to illuminate a character that is reasonable and most always interesting. The same can be said of the rancher's daughter, whom Miss Bel Geddes represents. Others who give worthy help include Walter Brennan, Mr. Preston, Phyllis Thaxter, Frank Faylen and Tom Tully. And a word should be said, too, for the direction by Robert Wise. A comparative newcomer to the directorial ranks, he has managed to keep the atmosphere of this leisurely paced film charged with impending violence."

The film was also reviewed favorably by Variety magazine:

"Blood on the Moon is a terse, tightly-drawn western drama. There's none of the formula approach to its story telling. Picture captures the crisp style used by Luke Short in writing his western novels...Picture's pace has a false sense of leisureliness that points up several tough moments of action. There is a deadly knock-down and drag-out fist fight between Mitchum and Preston; a long chase across snow-covered mountains and the climax gun battle between Preston's henchmen and Mitchum, Brennan and Bel Geddes that are loaded with suspense wallop."

Home media
Blood on the Moon was released on Blu-ray and DVD by the Warner Archive Collection in 2020.

title: Blood on the Moon


text:
User talk:Erkabo

Detlef, Michael, Kurt, Rolf-- I was touched to see your message the other day--I am a mathematics graduate student studying Floer homology, and Andreas Floer's work is inspiring to me and a cornerstone of a great deal of my work. (I am both 128.32.77.39 and 198.144.208.190 (a computer on campus and my home computer), but your message prompted me to sign up for an account as "David Farris".). --David Farris, Berkeley, California, USA

Floer article in Spanish Wikipedia
If you wish to request a translation for an article in the Spanish wikipedia, please use the already well set-up system at Artículos solicitados or contact the community at the local Village Pump. The way you've been acting so far could very well be construed as vandalism by a zealous admin, resulting in a block. Please, abstain from further actions of that kind. Best, Taragüí @ 10:09, 24 October 2005 (UTC)

Happy birthday
Happy birthday, Detlef and Michael! I hope you have many more happy ones to come. --C S 04:03, 3 November 2005 (UTC)

Gundula, unostentatious
Out of modesty, Gundula has decided to take her name away from this userpage. We regret this. But luckily she is still with us, and she is still in it! We enjoy this. Rolf 11:31, 22 November 2005 (UTC)

Sharing accounts
It would be better for each individual to have their own account. As you probably remember from signing up the first time, making an account only takes a second and does not require an email address or other personal information. Friday (talk) 01:15, 4 December 2005 (UTC)

links to user pages
Apparently some users, such as User:Zoe, do not like having links to user pages in the references. I suggest a reasonable compromise is to make a webpage (not hosted on the Wikipedia servers) containing some excerpts of our correspondence (containing the relevant stuff and omitting things that maybe are too personal). On such a page there could be an explanation of our Wikipedia interaction and how the article grew. We could also have a link to your user page (as it is relevant to the story). This would also make things easier to verify, e.g. list a way to contact you to verify materials. I could put such a webpage on my university web account, and then put a link to it in the references section of the article. --C S (Talk) 03:19, 5 December 2005 (UTC)

File permission problem with File:Andreas and Detlef Floer 1978 Duisburg.jpg
Thanks for uploading File:Andreas and Detlef Floer 1978 Duisburg.jpg. I noticed that while you provided a valid copyright licensing tag, there is no proof that the creator of the file has agreed to release it under the given license.

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title: User talk:Erkabo


text:
Family planning in Iran

Iran had a comprehensive and effective program of family planning since the beginning of the 1990s. While Iran's population grew at a rate of more than 3% per year between 1956 and 1986, the growth rate began to decline in the late 1980s and early 1990s after the government initiated a major population control program. By 2007 the growth rate had declined to 0.7 percent per year, with a birth rate of 17 per 1,000 persons and a death rate of 6 per 1,000. Reports by the UN show birth control policies in Iran to be effective with the country topping the list of greatest fertility decreases. UN's Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs says that between 1975 and 1980, the total fertility number was 6.5. The projected level for Iran's 2005 to 2010 birth rate is fewer than two.

In late July 2012, Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei described Iran's contraceptive services as "wrong," and Iranian authorities are slashing birth-control programs in what one Western newspaper (USA Today) describes as a "major reversal" of its long standing policy. Whether program cuts and high-level appeals for bigger families will be successful is still unclear.

Pre-revolutionary era
According to Dr Malek Afzali, Iran's deputy minister for research and technology in the Ministry of Health, before the Islamic Revolution, there was family planning but "people did not accept it."

The Tehran Declaration of 1967 claimed that family planning was a human right, and arranged for the creation of both a Family Planning Division as part of the Ministry of Health and a High Council for the Coordination of Family Planning. These programs were responsible for 2,000 nationwide clinics distributing forms of birth control

Khomeini Era and pro-natalism
Following the creation of the Islamic Republic; family planning clinics of the Shah were dismantled "on the grounds that Islam and Iran needed a large population." The Majlis passed many pro-natalist laws during this era, like the lowering of marriage age to nine years old for girls and fourteen years old for boys, the legalization of polygamy, the artificial inflation of birth control pill price from one hundred rials to one thousand rials per pack, and the creation of the Iranian Marriage foundation which provided newlyweds with furniture to ensure more people could get married and reproduce

Iran's population boom started before the 1979 Islamic Revolution (in 1976 the fertility rate was 6 children/woman ). Data show that Iran's population doubled in just 20 years—from 27 million in 1968 to 55 million in 1988.

At one point in the 1980s estimates predicted that Iran's population would reach 108 million by the year 2006.

Rafsanjani era and decreasing natality
Following the war with Iraq, the death of Ayatollah Khomeini, and taking office of Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei and President Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani in 1989, a sharp change was made in Iran's population policy. Realizing "the costs of this burgeoning population were going to far exceed its capacity to provide adequate food, education, housing and employment", Iran's government "declared that Islam favored families with only two children", as one historian put it. Iran's Health Ministry launched a nationwide campaign and introduced contraceptives—pills, condoms, IUDs, implants, tubal ligations, and vasectomies.

In 1993, Parliament passed further legislation withdrawing food coupons, paid maternity leave, and social welfare subsidies after the third child for government and para-government employees. The backlash to this law was severe and application of it remains limited. Birth control classes were required before a couple could get married. Dozens of mobile teams were sent to remote parts of the country to offer free vasectomies and tubal ligations.

By 2001, an Iranian condom factory - the first of its kind in the Middle East - produced more than 70 million condoms a year, "packaged in French or English to suggest that they are imported", according to a foreign reporter. By this time Iran's population growth rate had dropped from an all-time high of 3.2% in 1986 to just 1.2%, one of the fastest drops ever recorded. In reducing its population growth to this level—a rate that is only slightly higher than that of the United States—Iran emerged as a model for other countries that want to lessen the risk of overpopulation. In 2007 Iran's Total Fertility Rate had dropped to 1.71 with a net out-migration of 4.29 ‰ (and population 65 M).

Explaining the change in religious doctrine on population during a birth control workshop in 1995, Deputy Health Minister Husein Malek-Afzali stated "Islam is a flexible religion".

Reversal to pro-natalism
A call for a reversal of Iran's existing policy of "two children is enough" came in October 2006 due to perilously low fertility rates in Iran that had started to cause negative population growth as in other low-fertility countries. Iran's President Ahmadinejad called for an increase in Iran's population from 70 to 120 million. "I am against saying that two children are enough. Our country has a lot of capacity. ... for many children to grow in it. ... Westerners have got problems. Because their population growth is negative, they are worried and fear that if our population increases, we will triumph over them." Critics reacted by noting that Iran was struggling with surging inflation and rising unemployment, estimated at around 11%, and that a population of 120 million could mean a shortage of fresh water limiting "the country’s domestic agricultural and industrial development options," and that some countries "triumph" over others because of superior "knowledge, technology, wealth, welfare, and security", not population size.

Ahmadinejad's call for a higher birth rate reminded some of the demand of Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini in 1979 for an increased population, which was eventually reversed in response to the resultant economic strain.

On 25 July 2012, Supreme Leader Khamenei stated that Iran's contraceptive policy made sense 20 years ago, "but its continuation in later years was wrong ... Scientific and experts studies show that we will face population aging and reduction (in population) if the birth-control policy continues."

Deputy health minister Ali Reza Mesdaghinia, was quoted in the semiofficial Fars news agency on 29 July that population control programs "belonged to the past," and that "there is no plan to keep number of the children at one or two. Families should decide about it by themselves. In our culture, having a large number of children has been a tradition. In the past families had five or six children. … The culture still exists in the rural areas. We should go back to our genuine culture." How successful the government will be in surmounting hurdles of changing ideas in society about the role of women and the family, and family worries about money and employment, remains to be seen.

As of 2014, measures to reverse the declining birth rate include: replacing public-health slogans that used to praise “Fewer kids, better life” with billboards that show large, happy families juxtaposed with sad small families; cutting budgets for subsidized condoms and family planning; increasing already generous paternity and maternity leave; and seeking to enact a bill that would make vasectomies and tubectomies, which were free of charge until 2012, treated like abortions - punishable by a jail term of up to five years and payment of diyya (blood money). However, others have suggested that a large youthful population with low job prospects could in fact create greater problems in the future than an aging population.

title: Family planning in Iran


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Wang Jinrei

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was keep. See also Votes for deletion/Tekken characters --Tony Sidaway Talk 03:30, 3 August 2005 (UTC)

Wang Jinrei
Single character in a computer game. Character is not widely notable; article has no encyclopedic content. Merge to List of Tekken characters. DES 06:26, 25 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep: User has already created Votes for deletion/Tekken characters, so I see no need whatsoever for this redundant VfD.
 * FYI I created this and several other Tekken VfDs on new page patrol, then saw Votes for deletion/Tekken characters which someone else had already created, and pointed the rest of the character list at that. DES 17:40, 25 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, notable Tekken character. Kappa 13:42, 26 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect into List of Tekken characters. JamesBurns 08:00, 27 July 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text: File:Blood on the Moon poster.jpg

title: File:Blood on the Moon poster.jpg


text:
Talk:Long John Baldry

Adventures of what now?
Anyone mind if I take down the listing of "Adventures of Charizard the Dragon?" No such show. It would have been funnier as a Youtube Poop, guys. Keep the laughs there, and don't mess with the real information.

I commission someone to make a Youtube Poop based on the Adventures of Charizard idea, with Long John Baldry dubbed over a tyranitar.

Birthplace
It would be nice to have a definitive source for his birthplace. As far as I can work out, there is no such place as East Maddon. All google hits for "East Maddon are Long John Baldry pages. East Haddon, UK on the other hand is definitely a real place in Northamptonshire. My suspicion is a typo or bad handwriting/transcription changing the H to M, which has been picked up and copied everywhere. On the other hand, the Telegraph lists his birthplace as "Haddon, Derbyshire, but grew up in London". There seem to be two Haddons in Derbyshire: Over Haddon and Nether Haddon but no East Haddon (or Maddon, for that matter). Perhaps we can just state "Haddon, England" for now. Double Blue (Talk) 06:27, 25 July 2005 (UTC)

 * According to the GRO indexes, his birth was registered in the registration district of Brixworth in Northamptonshire. Of course, that's just where his birth was registered - he could have been born elsewhere. East Haddon is in the Brixworth reg. district, as UKBMD's authoritative listing shows. So any other suggested birthplace, unless it can be supported by a highly authoritative source (i.e. not any form of music journalism), is likely to be wrong. I don't think the explanatory footnote is needed - the alternative sources quoted in it have no probative value. --Pfold (talk) 11:13, 30 April 2010 (UTC)

 * Set of information given in DNB for birth is those that would be found on his birth registration so that looks like where it came from. A birth in England and Wales at that time could only be registered in the district in which it occurred (and even now still gets indexed as district of birth?) so he could not have been born elsewhere unless a false registration was made. East Haddon Hall in East Haddon is a place of historical interest with several references. --MBRZ48 (talk) 02:21, 28 May 2019 (UTC)

PINGAS
Whoulda made a great Eggman.

Tis true.

Discography
There are 3 articles for his albums:
 * It Ain't Easy
 * Everything Stops for Tea
 * Long John Baldry Trio-Live

I've wikified It Ain't Easy accoring to WikiProject Albums. All the others need a lot of work. Including a. - Ozzykhan 20:31, 7 February 2007 (UTC)
 * I created the category...still need to create infoboxes - Ozzykhan 20:46, 7 February 2007 (UTC)

External link suggestion: New article about Baldry's It Ain't Easy
As an editor at Crawdaddy!, and to comply with COI guidelines, I am not posting the link to this article looking back at Long John Baldry's It Ain't Easy. However, I would like to recommend the piece on its merits, and hope that an editor will find the time to examine the article and—if he or she sees fit—post it to the external links section on this page. It provides a lot of great biographical information, and was written by Paul Myers, author of a Baldry biography released last year, It Ain't Easy: Long John Baldry and the Birth of the British Blues. I appreciate your time. Crawdaddy! Mike harkin (talk) 19:21, 10 December 2008 (UTC)

Deaths Joke
"Deem Bristow, Robotnik's in-game voice actor, died earlier that year, then minutes later the President of Procter & Gamble sent his grievances to their survivors." I have a feeling that this might be a joke... it should probably be removed, or cited.

Removed. Quartic (talk) 00:21, 3 May 2009 (UTC)

He's Out?
When the "Baldry's Out" album was released, various DJs et alia were putting it about that the album's title referred to the fact that Baldry had been let out of the mental hospital rather than that he was out of the closet. This seems plausible given the fact that he was always openly gay rather than in the closet at any time. Doesn't it?

Nickname
The nickname "Long John" or "Long" Christian name, is the normal nickname of a very tall man. It has nothing to do with the character Long John Silver from Robert Louis Stevenson's Treasure Island, except that LJS was similarly nicknamed for the same reason. Long John Baldry was not named after a character in a book!203.184.41.226 (talk) 04:17, 27 April 2013 (UTC)

 * I recommend that the reference be changed to simply "resulting in the nickname "Long John", a traditional name for a tall person" Royalcourtier (talk) 08:57, 8 October 2013 (UTC)

 * As there has not been any further comment on this matter, I have changed the reference.Royalcourtier (talk) 05:28, 16 March 2014 (UTC)

 * The Dictionary of National Biography attributes the "Long" to when his size was noticed as a baby so it was probably family-originated if that is correct.--MBRZ48 (talk) 02:27, 28 May 2019 (UTC)

Cause of death
Is the rumour that he died of AIDS correct?203.184.41.226 (talk) 04:19, 27 April 2013 (UTC)

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Visit to Downer Grammar School before his death
Deleted as :- The school was founded in 1950 (sharing premises with Blackwell Secondary Modern school in Hatch End) and moved to its own buildings in Edgware in 1952 so the 40th anniversary of either was not "just before his death". The 50th anniversary would have been at least two years before his death.MBRZ48 (talk) 02:45, 28 May 2019 (UTC)

Venue correction
LIB with Rod Stewart played at Dundee Top Ten club on 2/2/64 NOT Dundee University. I know I was there! 81.107.219.184 (talk) 23:48, 7 January 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Long John Baldry


text:
Wendy Sharpe

Wendy Sharpe (born 24 February 1960 in Sydney) is an Australian artist who lives and works in Sydney and Paris. She has held over 70 solo exhibitions nationally and internationally, been awarded many national awards and artist residencies for her work, and was an official Australian War Artist to East Timor in 1999–2000.

Personal life
Wendy Sharpe was born in 1960 in Sydney, Australia. She is the only child of British parents; her father is the writer and historian Alan Sharpe.

She spent her early years in the Northern Beaches in Sydney, and from 1978 and 1979 she studied at Seaforth Technical College. She received a Graduate Diploma of Professional Art from the City Art Institute in Sydney in 1984, and a master's degree from the College of Fine Arts, University of New South Wales in 1995.

She taught part-time at art schools for many years; including a position at the National Art School, Sydney.

Sharpe works in a large warehouse studio in inner Sydney, and in an apartment/artist studio in Montmartre, Paris, which she owns with her partner, artist Bernard Ollis.

Work
Sharpe works in oil paint creating large scale portrait and figurative works that depict real people as well as imagined elements. She also creates commissioned murals.

Chris Saines, Director of Queensland Art Gallery of Modern Art said Sharpe's work explores a ''“...constant curiosity about the world, the outer limits of the human imagination, and the part played by art history in nourishing them both. She is, first and foremost, an extraordinarily accomplished painter who makes it all look so easy, when it never is.”''

Saines awarded her the Prestigious  Gold Award in 2022.

Portraits
She has painted portraits of many well-known figures in the Australian arts industry, including Ash Flanders (finalist in the Archibald Prize, 2014), Venus Vamp (finalist in the Archibald prize, 2013), Magda Szubanski (finalist in the Archibald prize, 2020), Elena Kats – Chernin (now in the permanent collection of the National Portrait Gallery, Canberra, 2017).

Murals
Wendy Sharpe has created a number of temporary murals and major wall paintings in museums and galleries, such as; Maitland Regional Gallery, Mosman Art Gallery, Lake Macquarie Museum of Art and Culture and The Yellow House, Potts Point.

The City of Sydney council commissioned Sharpe in 1998 to paint an Olympic pool sized mural on the life of Australian swimmer, actress and vaudeville performer, Annette Kellerman. It is a series of eight paintings hung suspended along one side of the pool, permanently displayed in the Cook + Phillip Aquatic Centre, Sydney.

In 2020, Sharpe was commissioned by the Inner West Council’s Perfect Match program, for their 100th mural. Titled ‘Women’s Empowerment Mural’, it is on the corner of Church and Federation Street, Newtown, painted on the wall surrounding the home of Ewan Samway and his partner Matt Vagulans.

In 2021, she painted a forty-metre ephemeral mural, ‘Vu iz dos gesele?/Where is the little street?’, at Sydney Jewish Museum. The mural depicted her recent family research trip to Ukraine. It included a portrait of her grandmother and poetic imagery about time passing. Government imposed COVID-19 restrictions at the time meant that the mural was never to open to the public. A documentary on the mural ‘Site Unseen’ was later shown on ABC TV’s Compass program.

Performance
Sharpe has created works through residencies with Circus Oz, Sydney Dance Company and Opera Australia and drawn burlesque performers and drag queens from the audience view and backstage. She has also drawn live on stage at various art spaces.

Sharpe was commissioned by Arts Centre Melbourne in 2008–2009 to make a series of drawings to commemorate Stravinsky’s ‘Firebird and Petruska’, with choreographer Graeme Murphy.

Official War Artist
In 1999, Sharpe was appointed official war artist during the Australian military role in East Timor, commissioned by the Australian War Memorial, Canberra. She was the first female artist to be appointed in this role since World War II.

As on the Australian War Memorial (AWM) website:

“''Sharpe commenced duty in Darwin, where she attended briefing sessions and recorded the everyday activities of life in the barracks. On 12 December, she departed for East Timor on HMAS 'Jervis Bay'. Attached to the Army History Unit, she was assigned a military escort and wore a non-combatant uniform with the insignia "Australian Official Artist". Sharpe spent three weeks sketching the local people and Australian peacekeepers, before returning to Sydney to complete major works based on her observations.''”

After returning from East Timor, Sharpe's paintings and drawings made on duty were added to the AWM's collection.

Exhibitions
Sharpe has exhibited work regularly since the mid 1980s throughout Australia; in commercial galleries, state museums, regional galleries and art spaces. She has also had solo exhibitions in the UK, France, China, Germany. In total she has had over 70 solo exhibitions nationally and internationally,

A major retrospective of her work, ’The Imagined Life’ was held at S. H. Ervin Gallery, The National Trust, Sydney, in 2011.

International residencies and scholarships
Though based in Sydney, Sharpe spends part of every year in an artist studio/apartment in Paris. Sharpe has travelled extensively, and has been a recipient of many international artist residencies.

She was awarded the Marten Bequest Travelling Scholarship in 1986, and a residency at the Cité Internationale des Arts in Paris in 1987 (and again in 2007). These residencies were awarded through the Art Gallery of NSW.

In 2008, Sharpe was artist in residence at the Australian Embassy residence in Cairo, Egypt. She was an official guest of the Australian Ambassador, Robert Bowker. Wendy Sharpe has made two trips to Antarctica as an artist in residence. First in 2012, aboard the scientific vessel, the Aurora Australis, for six weeks. The ship travelled from Hobart to Cape Denison, Antarctica. She produced work to commemorate the centenary voyage of Australian explorer Douglas Mawson, in association with the Australian Antarctic Division. The work produced on board the ship was later shown in a major exhibition at the Australian National Maritime Museum, Sydney; all money raised was donated to Mawson's Hut Foundation.

Her second residency to Antarctica travelled from Argentina in 2014, with Chimu Adventures. The work produced was shown in ‘Paintings for Antarctica’, an exhibition at the Australian National Maritime Museum. In 2019, Sharpe and Ollis joined Chimu Adventures together aboard the Ocean Atlantic, on a trip to Svalbard in the arctic.

In 2014, Sharpe had a residency at Obracadobra, in Oaxaca, Mexico.

Sharpe has made several professional trips to China. In 2015, she was artist in residence at Funxing-Ginger Art Space, Zhouzhuang, Jiangsu. The work she made included a series about the Kunqu Opera.

Returning to China in 2016, she had exhibitions at: Linyi Contemporary Art Centre China, Qinghua Centre, 6th Shandong Cultural Industries Fair Jinan, ‘China Stories’ Shanghai Cultural Centre and Art Gallery Shanghai China.

Her residencies in Sydney include Taronga Zoo (2011), and at State Library of NSW (2017-2018), during renovations and major building work. The library acquired a collection of Sharpe's folding book works.

Philanthropic organisations and fundraising
Sharpe has worked with a number of different philanthropic organizations; creating work for fundraising exhibitions and events.

Through the Asylum Seeker Centre, Sydney; Sharpe drew 39 portraits of refugees and asylum seekers for her exhibition ‘Seeking Humanity – Portraits of Asylum Seekers’. These portraits were all drawn from life in pastel, and 100% of sales were donated to the centre. The exhibition toured from 2014 - 2015 from The Muse Gallery - Ultimo TAFE (Sydney), Belconnen Arts Centre (Canberra), Penrith Regional Gallery (Sydney) and Mary McKillop Place Museum (North Sydney). An ABC TV documentary was made about the exhibition (see Television). In 2015 she became patron of the Asylum Seeker Centre, Sydney. In 2019, she travelled to Ethiopia with Catherine Hamlin Fistula Foundation. She drew patients, students and staff of the Addis Adaba Fistula Hospital, Desta Mender Rehabilitation and Reintegration Centre, and regional clinics. The completed drawings were exhibited at Macquarie Space Gallery in Sydney, March 2020, with all proceeds going to the foundation.

To assist Lou's Place Daytime Women's Refuge, Sydney; Sharpe created a fundraising exhibition titled Her Shoes. This was shown at Juniper Hall in Paddington, with assistance from Kim Chandler-MacDonald. There were 52 pastel drawings of shoes to represent how domestic violence can affect women of all ages and backgrounds.

Media appearances
Sharpe has appeared in numerous in Australian television programs, radio interviews and podcasts.

Sitting for Wendy, Compass, ABC TV
In 2015, Sharpe drew 39 portraits of asylum seekers who shared their stories of survival and integration. Filmed for the ABC TV documentary, Compass, the program followed the lives of three asylum seekers. The documentary includes footage of Sharpe as she drew each portrait, completed in a 2-3 hour sitting.

Sharpe's subjects talked to her about themselves, their homes, careers, where they came from and the families they've left behind.

Life Drawing Live, SBS Television
Life Drawing Live (2020), was Australia's first live-televised life drawing class. Wendy Sharpe and Maryanne Coutts guided a group of Australian celebrities through a series of drawing exercises, using nude models. The show was hosted by Rove McManus.

Space 22, ABC TV, BBC
Space 22 was a six-part documentary series exploring the impact of art and creativity on mental health, hosted by Natalie Bassingthwaighte. Wendy Sharpe was an art expert in episodes 3 and 4. Space 22 follows seven participants, each with their own lived experience of mental ill-health and trauma. They were directed through a series of creative exercises by Sharpe and other hosts, each exercise designed to use art as a tool to improve their mental wellbeing.

Site Unseen, Compass, ABC TV
Sharpe's mural, ‘Vu iz dos gesele?/Where is the little street?’, was the subject of an ABC TV documentary, Site Unseen, at Sydney Jewish Museum in 2021.

The half hour documentary follows the mural's development during COVID-19 lockdowns; from beginning sketches to the final work. The subject of the mural was based on imagery from a recent trip to Ukraine with her cousin, Ruth Fishman, to research their family history. Sharpe's paternal family originally came from Kamianets-Podilskyi, but fled the pogroms to east London around 1900.

Made by Joshua Marks, Judy Menczel and Karly Marks, it aired on ABC TV on April 24, 2022.

Sharpe has also appeared in a number of documentaries, including:

Wendy Sharpe has been a guest on many radio interviews and podcasts about her work. Such examples include: ‘Talking with Painters’ with Maria Stoljar (podcast) in 2020, ‘Conversations, with Sarah Kanowski' in 2022, and  ‘TEDTalk: Asylum Seeker Portrait Project’, at the University of NSW, 22 September 2018.
 * An interview with Jane Hutcheon, One Plus One, on ABC TV in 2016
 * Numerous documentaries about the Archibald Prize; ‘The Archibald’, a 7-part documentary by Foxtel Media made in 2017, and ‘Finding the Archibald’, a 3-part ABC TV series that aired May 2021.

Honours and committees
Sharpe was appointed as a member of the Council of the Australian War Memorial from 25 May 2005 (for a three-year appointment), and was reappointed twice until her retirement in 30 June 2013.

Between 2012–2013, Sharpe was on the ANZAC Centenary Advisory Arts Committee with the Australian Government.

In 2018, Sharpe was elected as a Fellow of the Royal Society of New South Wales. She was also awarded Fellowship of the National Art School, Sydney. She is currently a member of the Board of Directors of the National Art School, appointed in 2022.

Sharpe was appointed as an Member of the Order of Australia in the 2023 King's Birthday Honours for "significant service to the visual arts, and to the community".

Publications
2022     Alchemy: Art and Poetry, in collaboration with Kate Forsyth, Published by Upswell Publishing

2021    Borderless: A transnational anthology of feminist poetry, Cover Edited Saba Vasefi, Melinda Smith and Yvette Holt, Published by Recent Work Press

2020     Book Cover & 20 Drawings for ‘Postcards from Tomorrow’, edited and published by Kim Chandler McDonald

2012     Jensen, David. ‘Wendy Sharpe’s Antarctica’, Published by Mawson's Huts Foundation

2005    Bevan, Scott. 'Battle Lines: Australian Artists at War', Published by Random House Australia

1992     Dysart, Dinah. Paroissien, Leon. ‘Eroticism – Images of Sexuality in Australian Art’, Published by Craftsman House

Collections
Sharpe’s work is held in major collections throughout Australia in state galleries, regional galleries, and other institutions, such as:

 * Art Gallery of New South Wales, Sydney
 * Arts Centre Melbourne
 * Adelaide Perry Collection, Croydon, NSW
 * Australian National Maritime Museum, NSW
 * Australian War Memorial, Canberra, ACT
 * ANZAC Memorial, Sydney, NSW
 * National Portrait Gallery, ACT
 * Rockhampton Museum of Art, QLD
 * State Library of NSW
 * State Library of Queensland
 * Sydney Jewish Museum, NSW

Awards
Sharpe has won an extensive list of awards, including:

Winning the Sulman Prize in 1986 with Black Sun – Morning and Night, awarded by Albert Tucker, the Archibald Prize in 1996 with Self Portrait – as Diana of Erskineville, Portia Geach Memorial Award twice in 1995 with Self Portrait with Students – After Adélaïde Labille-Guiard and 2003 with Self Portrait with Teacup and Burning Paintings, the Adelaide Perry Drawing Prize in 2014 with Self Portrait with Imaginary Friend. She has been a finalist eight times in the Archibald Prize, the Sulman Prize twelve times (more than any other artist).

In 2022, she won the Gold Award at Rockhampton Museum of Art, QLD, judged by Chris Saines.

title: Wendy Sharpe


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