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Inferior vena cava filter

An inferior vena cava filter is a medical device made of metal that is implanted by vascular surgeons or interventional radiologists into the inferior vena cava to prevent a life-threatening pulmonary embolism (PE) or venous thromboembolism (VTE).

The filter is designed to trap a blood clot and prevent its travel to the lung where it would form a pulmonary embolism. Their effectiveness and safety profile is well established, and they may be used when anticoagulant treatment is not sufficient.

Results from the PREPIC study and other studies which have shown many long-term complications of IVC filters led to the introduction of retrievable IVC filters. The first retrievable IVC filters were approved by FDA in 2003 and 2004.

In 2012, the American College of Chest Physicians recommended IVC filters for those with contraindications to anticoagulation who either have acute PE or acute proximal deep vein thrombosis (above the knee).

History
The first IVC filter was created by Kazi Mobin-Uddin who published his findings in 1969 in the New England Journal of Medicine. The Mobin-Uddin filter was later replaced by the Greenfield filter developed by Lazar Greenfield which had a lower rate of filter related complications.

Medical uses
While the ability to retrieve a filter does exist for many models, it cannot be guaranteed that all cases of filter placement will allow for, or be indicated for retrieval. Thus, the requirements and indications for permanent placement of filters is used to decide on when to use both permanent and temporary IVC filters.

Long-term risk factors must be considered as well, to include life expectancy of more than six months following insertion, and the ability of the patient to comply with anticoagulation therapy. The decision to use a filter that is temporary vs permanent basically is tied to the expected duration of time that protection is needed to prevent pulmonary emboli from passing to the heart and lungs. One such guideline is outlined below:
 * Contraindications to anticoagulation; e.g. a patient with DVT or PE who has another condition that puts them at risk of bleeding, such as a recent bleed into the brain, or a patient about to undergo major surgery
 * Short-term risk of PE/Short-term contraindication of anticoagulation: Usually merits a retrievable filter
 * Uncertain risk of PE and/or lack of control for anticoagulation: Usually results in permanent filters for long term management
 * Long-term risk of PE/recurrent PE/recurrent DVT: permanent filter

Indication categories
While many studies have been done on the efficacy of Vena Cava filters, there still have not been any major studies done on the actual placement and removal of the filters regarding standard guidelines. Which is why the Society of Interventional Radiology created a multidisciplinary panel that developed the following guidelines to see if someone qualifies for implantation:

Absolute indications
These are patients that should strongly consider having IVC filter placement, as they are at greatest risk of pulmonary embolus.
 * Proven VTE: Venous thromboembolism and contraindication or complication due to anticoagulation therapy
 * Recurrent VTE: Despite adequate anticoagulation therapy

Relative indications
This is a maybe category; normally it represents patients who could benefit from an IVC filter, but may be just fine without one as well.
 * Proven VTE: High risk of contraindication or complication to arise during anticoagulation therapy
 * Large, free-floating proximal DVTs
 * Poor compliance: INR levels are not stable, not taking medicine as directed
 * Thrombolysis: Iliocaval DVT's, which are emboli in the Illiac region

Prophylactic indications
These are usually very controversial reasons to do an IVC filter, and most radiologists and doctors generally will not recommend an IVC filter if other options are available instead.
 * No VTE: Anticoagulation therapy is not possible (high risk of bleeding)
 * Transient risk of VTE: Trauma, surgical procedures or medical conditions

Other indications

 * Bariatric patients: Undergoing surgery for weight control, only if BMI greater than 55, previous history of DVT/PE, hypercoagulable state, chronic venous insufficiency, truncal obesity or contraindication to anticoagulation therapy.

Indications for removing IVC filter
There is no current published data confirming the benefit of removing an IVC. Because of this, the Society of Interventional Radiology created a multidisciplinary panel that developed the following guidelines to see if someone qualifies for removal:
 * No need for permanent filter: Remove temporary
 * Low risk of significant PE: Continued anticoagulation is working, remove temporary
 * No expected near-term high-risk PE: Continuation of anticoagulation therapy, remove temporary
 * Life expectancy of more than six months: Remove temporary
 * Ability to retrieve the filter: No complications, no tear probability, no trauma probability; if so, remove temporary

An IVC filter, just by doing its job properly (catching embolic material), can eventually fill up with embolic material and cause a circulatory impairment that may warrant revision with vascular surgery (new filter, stent additions, or otherwise). A representative case has been reported in science journalism of the type that reports interesting unusual causes and solutions of symptoms; in this instance, the symptom was orthostatic hypotension. Physicians speculate that this problem is uncommon but nonetheless worth consideration in differential diagnosis.

Anticoagulation
In those with initial acute proximal DVT or acute PE who had IVC filters placed instead of anticoagulation, and who have their risk of bleeding resolve, the American College of Chest Physicians suggested, in 2012, that they receive a standard course of anticoagulation. While IVC filters are associated with a long term risk of DVT, they are not, alone, reason enough to maintain extended anticoagulation.

Side effects
The main function of a vena cava filter is to prevent death from massive pulmonary emboli. Long-term clinical follow-up studies have shown that this is accomplished in 96% of cases having a standard stainless-steel Greenfield filter.

FDA communication
In August, 2010, the FDA released an Initial Communication on the Risk and Adverse events associated with Long Term use of an inferior vena cava filter. Over a period of about 5 years, they identify 921 events. While not the majority of cases, that number still represents a statistical significance of the use of long-term IVCs.

Of these IVC filter side effects, 328 involved device migration, 146 involved embolizations after detachment of device components, 70 involved perforation of the IVC, and 56 involved filter fracture. Much of the medical community believes that this large number of adverse events is related to the heart filter remaining in place for longer than necessary.

Common issues relating to failure, to include death (the other 4% of cases) include:
 * Device-associated morbidity
 * Device migration
 * Filter embolization
 * Filter fracture
 * Insertion-site thrombosis
 * Perforation of the vena cava
 * Recurrent DVT
 * Recurrent PE
 * Thrombotic complications
 * Vena cava thrombosis

Less common adverse reactions
While these side effects are not common (less than 10-20% of patients), many do report issues stemming from the placement and complication of the IVC while inside of the body.
 * 9% (12 of 132 patients) delayed filter penetration of the IVC greater than 3 mm
 * Parts of filter broke off in 2% (5 of 230 patients)
 * Caval filter migrated to heart or pulmonary artery (4 patients)

Numerous small published articles and case studies report describe similar issues to the above. Most notably:
 * Filter fracture: Broken struts migrate to retroperitoneum, requiring exploration. Also struts can migrate to the heart and can cause pericardial effusion and tamponade.
 * Perforation into the duodenum: Resulting in severe diarrhea and weight loss.
 * Arterial hemorrhage: Requires surgery to avoid death.
 * Misplaced Filter: Causes pericardiac tamponade requiring surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass.
 * Filter Migration to Right Atrium: Resulting in acute myocardial infarction.
 * Filter Lodged in Heart: Causes life-threatening arrhythmia and often requires pacemakers to resolve condition.
 * Heart Migration: Requires surgery to remove IVC from heart.
 * Sudden Death: Caused by the filter migrating to an active region in the heart.
 * Migration of Filter to Chest: Requires surgery.
 * Perforation of filter strut into small-bowel: Requires surgery to repair perforation.

Even though the cases above are the exception, and not the rule, most radiologists object to doing prophylactic filter insertions in patients who do not have thromboembolic diseases. For the most part, whenever possible, interventional radiologists would rather start the patient on anticoagulants than use an IVC, even if requested or referred via a doctor.

MRI
While most IVC filters are made of non-ferromagnetic materials, there are a few types that are weakly ferromagnetic. Accordingly, IVC filters fall under the MRI Safe and MRI Conditional categories depending mostly on type of material used during construction. Rarely will one find an MRI Not Safe IVC filter, as most of the steel, and other ferromagnetic material devices have been discontinued via the FDA.

IVC filters are attached to the vena cava via hooks on their ends. Some are compression springs, which compress outward onto the side wall of the vena cava; however, they still have small hooks that retain their location. These hooks aid in the anchoring and healing process, as they allow the tissues to 'ingrow' around them, securing the IVC in place. It is unlikely, then, after 4 to 6 weeks of healing, that an MRI of 1.5 tesla, up to 3 tesla, will cause any level of dislodging to occur to the IVC filter.

Studies of MR examination of both animals and humans, with implanted IVC filters, have not reported complications or symptomatic filter displacement.

Several animal studies have even used "real-time" MR for the placement of IVC filters to check for rotation, sheering, and other artifacts.

As part of the 'routing' survey for MRI studies, patients who have IVC filters will often need verification from the doctor, or medical records, to state that the IVC is safe for the MRI. Most patients with weakly or non-safe ferromagnetic implants will be given a card, which they keep on their person at all time, that can help isolate if it is safe to do an MRI.

For patients who have been denied MRI scans for safety reasons, doctors usually recommend the CT scan with contrast as an alternative.

Labeling and recommendations
Most IVC filters that have been tested have been labeled as “MRi safe”; the remainder of IVC filters that have been tested are “MR conditional.” Patients who have been treated with nonferromagnetic IVC filters can undergo MR examination any time after filter implantation. In patients who have been treated with a weakly ferromagnetic IVC filter (Gianturco bird nest IVC filter [Cook], stainless steel Greenfield vena cava filter [Boston Scientific]), it is advised that the patient wait at least six weeks before undergoing an MR examination (because these older devices initially may not be anchored as firmly in place as other devices discussed in the present context), unless there is a strong clinical indication to perform the MR examination sooner after implantation, and as long as there is no reason to suspect that the device is not positioned properly or that it is not firmly in place. Most studies of IVC filters have generally been conducted at 1.5 tesla or less, although many IVC filters have now been evaluated at 3 tesla and deemed acceptable for MR examination.

Placement
IVC filters are placed endovascularly, meaning that they are inserted via the blood vessels. Historically, IVC filters were placed surgically, but with modern filters that can be compressed into much thinner catheters, access to the venous system can be obtained via the femoral vein (the large vein in the groin), the internal jugular vein (the large vein in the neck) or the arm veins with one design. Choice of route depends mainly on the number and location of any blood clot within the venous system. To place the filter, a catheter is guided into the IVC using fluoroscopic guidance, then the filter is pushed through the catheter and deployed into the desired location, usually just below the junction of the IVC and the lowest renal vein.

Review of prior cross-sectional imaging or a venogram of the IVC is performed before deploying the filter to assess for potential anatomic variations, thrombi within the IVC, or areas of stenoses, as well as to estimate the diameter of the IVC. Rarely, ultrasound-guided placement is preferred in the setting of contrast allergy, chronic kidney disease, and when patient immobility is desired. The size of the IVC may affect which filter is deployed, as some (such as the Birds Nest) are approved to accommodate larger cavae. There are situations where the filter is placed above the renal veins (e.g. pregnant patients or women of childbearing age, renal or gonadal vein thromboses, etc.). Also, if there is duplication of the IVC, the filter is placed above the confluence of the two IVCs or a filter can be placed within each IVC.

Retrieval
The concept of a removable IVC filter was first conceived in 1967. In 2003 and 2004 that the United States Food and Drug Administration first approved retrievable filters. In 2005 that the Society of Interventional Radiology (SIR) convened a multidisciplinary conference to address the clinical application of nonpermanent vena cava filters.

Retrievable filters are fitted with a device (varying from model to model) that allows them to be easily snared and pulled back into a catheter and removed from the body, often through the jugular vein. Prior to 2004, filters that had been in the IVC for less than three weeks were considered suitable to attempt retrieval, as filters that have been in place longer might have been overgrown by cells from the IVC wall and there was an increased risk of IVC injury if the filter is dislodged. Newer designs, and developments in techniques mean that some filters can now be left in for prolonged periods and retrievals after a year are now being reported. This would include the ALN, Bard G2 and G2x, Option, Tulip and Celect filters.

It is important to note that the clinical exam prior to the removal of the filter is vital in understanding both the risk and pathophysiological effects removing the filter will have on the patient. Doctors and medical professionals must consider several key factors (see Indications for removing IVC filters).

title: Inferior vena cava filter


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Talk:Mushy peas

Broader
I think they are broader than the north. You get mushy peas (without mint sauce alas) in chip shops in London. You can buy them in cans all over the UK I imagine. Secretlondon 20:55, 19 July 2005 (UTC)

Mint sauce in peas is niche anyway. At least round my way. I can count on one hand the number of times I've seen that in a chippy in my part of Yorkshire in over 50 years. Even then it was an option and not the default. For me this should be classed as misinformation because I cannot even tell you a single chippy in a 50 mile radius that does that. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 87.102.75.215 (talk) 01:36, 15 December 2023 (UTC)

"Sodium bicarbonate is often added to soften the peas"
The purpose of the sodium bicarbanate is to inhibit fermentation during soaking which reduces later flatulence. I'm not sure this warrants a mention in such a short article although it's a useful thing to know if you're a big mushy pea eater like myself. Tatty 22:43, 29 October 2005 (UTC)

Pic
Can we please get a picture for this article that's in focus? Alvis 05:08, 10 August 2006 (UTC)

yea i agree with Alvis this whole article is let down by the poor picture! by very ashamed whoever put it there, you have let down the entire wikipedia community yourself inculded!
 * Agreed. Please take a better picture and upload it! Secretlondon 13:50, 22 April 2007 (UTC)

 * I've tagged the article. Request is more likely to be seen there.--Shantavira 06:27, 16 May 2007 (UTC)

More on the new picture
Are there any objections to me replacing the photo so that it shows proper mushy peas? These ones are canned with added food colouring (as mentioned later in the article as not being traditional) - So I will add some proper ones and probably move that one down as an example of overly coloured ones. Lawrie (talk) 00:13, 23 October 2012 (UTC)

Yeucch..
"They can also be served with boiled bacon joints or a pineapple." No doubt they can, but is there any verification that significant numbers of people actually do? Ghmyrtle (talk) 10:53, 5 April 2008 (UTC)

 * I expect Peter Mandelson would, after mistaking the mushy peas for guacamole. Mr Larrington (talk) 21:13, 13 May 2022 (UTC)
 * Fake news. Ghmyrtle (talk) 21:27, 13 May 2022 (UTC)

Mushy peas and fried eggs
I've lived my entire life in the North-West of England and I have never heard of anyone eating mushy peas with fried eggs on top, either as a late-night snack or at any other time. I think it should be removed from the article.

Ashton Archer (talk) 13:23, 28 October 2008 (UTC)

"Garden peas"
Is it worth mentioning that chip shops/restaurants often distinguish between mushy peas and "garden peas" (i.e. just normal unmashed green peas)? In other situations the latter would usually just be called "peas". Equinox ◑ 12:55, 11 December 2016 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Mushy peas


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Edward Denison (philanthropist)

Edward Denison (September 1840 – 26 January 1870) was an English philanthropist, known for his self-denying benevolent labours in the East End of London and a Liberal politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1868 to 1870.

Denison was the son of Edward Denison, Bishop of Salisbury and his wife Louisa Ker Seymer. He was educated at Eton College and at Christ Church, Oxford graduating MA in 1865. He was called to the bar at Lincoln's Inn in 1867.

At the 1868 general election, Denison was elected Liberal Member of Parliament (MP) for Newark-on-Trent and held the seat until his death in 1870.

Denison died unmarried at the age of 29. He was nephew of Evelyn Denison, Speaker of the House of Commons.

title: Edward Denison (philanthropist)


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Police Cantonment Complex

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was keep (no consensus). Dmcdevit·t 02:58, July 29, 2005 (UTC)

Police Cantonment Complex
No real content but not quite a speedy. The Uninvited Co., Inc. 20:56, 19 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Leave it. I don't see too much of a problem here.  --Several Times 21:02, 19 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Gets only 182 unique Google hits most of which seem to be as a result of giving out its address in various places. This results because a lot of paperwork happens there judgin from who you might contact there. That same link gives a different address as the police force's HQ, and random bureaucrat-holding-boxes are not intrinsically notable. -Splash 21:39, 19 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete notability not established. JamesBurns 08:25, 20 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. From what I can tell, this seems to be the major police center of Singapore.--Pharos 07:59, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


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Talk:The Weird Al Show

DVD release
Straight Outta Lynwood will not be released as the same day as the Weird Al Show DVD. Sol is scheduled for october 3 in Canada.

Anthony

Would transcribing the lyrics for the Weird Al Show theme song violate copyright? --Jack (Cuervo) 20:56, 19 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Lyrics are lyrics and are freely distributable on the internet and can be found on any internet lyric website. I think as long as mention that it is copyright weird al it should probably be okay.--Elysianfields 05:47, 12 August 2005 (UTC)

FCC Requirement?
What's up with this FCC requirement for the show to be educational? Why is that? And what regulation/rule is being applied? If no one cites any sources or says anything about it, I'll just delete it.--Elysianfields 05:47, 12 August 2005 (UTC)
 * I added a link to Weird Al's FAQ page where he says this; it can also be found by searching google. Quentin mcalmott 05:42, 3 January 2006 (UTC)
 * At least at the time the show was made, there was a big push for children's television to be more educational. You can see it in a lot of shows that ran around the same time.  Even shows that didn't openly display that content would still be required to run moral messages at the end, even if they weren't made in America, such as Sailor Moon.Rebochan 00:00, 27 June 2006 (UTC)

merge?
My vote would be against a merge for now. The DVD will contain extras that weren't on the show including a "making of" Fatman and commentaries and other stuff. It's not yet known how the extras will relate to the show that aired. It's probably better to keep two articles until we know. --Elvis 03:40, 2 May 2006 (UTC)
 * I think this article should be merged. Are there any other examples of a show/movie getting a separate entry than its DVD release? Not that I know of. Joltman 18:20, 8 June 2006 (UTC)
 * I support a merge as well; any possible notable differences between the DVD release and the show as it aired can be detailed in a section on the DVD release. Dar-Ape 20:20, 24 June 2006 (UTC)

Summary
Shouldn't there be a summary of the show at the beginning of the article, rather than just getting into the spiel about CBS interference? Really, just looking straight at this article, it's not really that clear what the show was about to people who have no idea who Wierd Al is. 124.169.36.244 (talk) 05:54, 31 March 2008 (UTC)

title: Talk:The Weird Al Show


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Willard Hershberger

Willard McKee Hershberger (May 28, 1910 – August 3, 1940) was an American baseball catcher for the Cincinnati Reds of Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1938 to 1940. In 160 career games, Hershberger recorded a batting average of .316 and accumulated 5 triples and 41 runs. He is the only major league player to date to commit suicide during the season.

Born and raised in California, Hershberger attended Fullerton Union High School where he was a baseball standout. He was signed by the New York Yankees and was part of their minor league system for eight years. He was traded after the 1937 season to the Cincinnati Reds, where he found a place on the major league roster as a backup behind Ernie Lombardi. For three seasons, Hershberger played in relief of Lombardi, stepping in if he needed a day off or was injured. After a slump in late July and early August, Hershberger committed suicide on August 3, 1940, in his hotel room; the Reds went on to win the 1940 World Series.

Early life
Willard Hershberger was born in Lemon Cove, California. His family moved to Fullerton, California, when his father, Claude, got a job working in the city's oil fields. He lived in Fullerton with his father, his mother Maude, and his sister Lois. Hershberger attended Fullerton Union High School, where he distinguished himself on both the baseball and football teams, playing alongside Arky Vaughan and future President Richard Nixon. The 1926 baseball team won the California Interscholastic Federation championship, and in 2003, he was named to the school's All-Time baseball team.

Claude, Willard's father, was depressed over financial problems, and on November 21, 1928, he fatally shot himself with a shotgun in the family home's bathroom; Willard, then 18, discovered the body. Hershberger graduated high school in 1929; the high school yearbook called Hershberger "the boy with the golden toe" due to his status as the football team's placekicker and "the greatest little catcher to ever put on the Fullerton uniform." In 1930, scouts Bill Essick of the New York Yankees and Art Griggs of the Pittsburgh Pirates came to Fullerton to watch Vaughan and Hershberger play, respectively. Essick took a detour and Griggs ended up signing Vaughan instead, while Essick signed Hershberger to a contract to play in the Yankees organization.

Minor league career
Hershberger made his professional debut with the El Paso Texans of the Arizona–Texas League, playing for them in 1930 and 1931; in 1931 he had a batting average of .356. He spent the 1932 season with three minor league teams, and mostly played for the Erie Sailors of the Central League where he hit .339 in 94 games. The following year, Hershberger was promoted to the Binghamton Triplets of the New York–Pennsylvania League (NYPL). For the season, he had a .306 batting average, was named to the NYPL All-Star Team, and helped the Triplets win the NYPL title. In 1934, he was promoted to the Hollywood Stars of the Pacific Coast League (PCL), and had a .307 batting average and 18 doubles in 114 games. Hershberger was promoted to the Newark Bears of the International League in 1935, and had a batting average of .310. The following year, he split time with the Bears and the Oakland Oaks of the PCL. At one point in the season, he was batting .313, and was noted as a player who should have a shot at the major leagues. By the end of the season, his average went down to .263 over 89 games.

The 1937 season started off poorly for Hershberger. While he remained with the Newark Bears, the Yankees released him from his contract, and partly due to the success of catcher Bill Dickey, the Yankees no longer had an interest in Hershberger. He spent the full season with the Bears, splitting time with Buddy Rosar at catcher. The team ended up with a 109–43 record and the International League title; the Bears have been called the third greatest minor league team in history by Minor League Baseball. Hershberger hit 15 doubles and had a .325 average in 96 games, and hit .364 in the Junior Series against the Columbus Red Birds. As a result, Yankees owner Jacob Ruppert noted that he would spend the offseason working to get the players on major league rosters. On December 3, 1937, Hershberger was traded to the Cincinnati Reds for shortstop Eddie Miller and $40,000, ending his tenure in the Yankees organization.

Cincinnati Reds
Reds manager Bill McKechnie noted that Hershberger was playing so well in spring training that there was the possibility of him beating out Ernie Lombardi for the starting catcher job in 1938. He made the roster and served as the backup to Lombardi that season, and played in 49 games and had a .276 batting average. He earned the nickname of "Little Slug" due to his pinch hitting, and as a contrast to Lombardi's nickname of "Big Slug". In 1939, Hershberger gained extra playing time due to a Lombardi injury in June; during that stretch, Hershberger had eight hits and five runs batted in in five games. For the season, he hit .345 in 63 games, and played in two games of the 1939 World Series against the Yankees. In the series, he had one hit in two at-bats as the Reds lost in four games. His one hit in the World Series brought in the tying run in Game 4, but the Yankees fought back to win the game and the series.

Hershberger spent the 1940 Cincinnati Reds season as the backup to Lombardi, as had been the case the previous two seasons. He had been hitting well in relief of Lombardi, and had a batting average of .429 at the end of May and .345 at the end of June. In July, Lombardi suffered an injured finger, and Hershberger's playing time increased that month as a result. Lombardi then sprained his ankle on July 26, putting Hershberger in the starting role indefinitely; at the time his batting average was .354. However, in a game against the New York Giants at the Polo Grounds on July 31, the Reds took a 4–1 lead into the ninth and lost 5–4, with the comeback capped by a game-ending home run by Harry Danning. After an off-day for the team, the Reds lost both games of a doubleheader on August 2 to the Boston Bees, by scores of 10–3 and 4–3. Hershberger played in the second game and went hitless in six trips to the plate.

Death
Hershberger blamed himself for the losses to the Giants and Bees, telling third baseman Billy Werber that "If Ernie had been catching, we wouldn't have lost those ball games." He felt he called the wrong pitch to Danning, resulting in the home run. In the game against the Bees, Hershberger failed to field a bunt, and after the game alluded to his father's suicide to McKechnie in private, saying "My father killed himself, and I'm gonna do it too." However, after about an hour, Hershberger had calmed down considerably, and McKechnie believed he would be fine.

The following afternoon, Reds publicist and traveling secretary Gabe Paul called Hershberger's room at the Copley Plaza Hotel after Hershberger missed batting practice. He said that he wasn't going to play that afternoon because he wasn't feeling well; McKechnie, worried, wanted him there in street clothes, and Hershberger agreed. After he missed the first game of another doubleheader against the Bees, McKechnie had Dan Cohen, a friend of Hershberger's, head to the hotel to check up on him. He found the door locked, and asked an employee to open the door. Inside, Cohen found Hershberger's body by the bathtub with his throat slit. After the second game, McKechnie had coach Hank Gowdy bring all the players together in the locker room, stating, "I want to tell you something. Willard Hershberger has just destroyed himself."

After giving his team the news, McKechnie had the Reds dedicate themselves to winning the World Series "for Hershie". His number 5 was retired for the season by the team as a tribute. It would later be permanently retired in honor of the Reds' Hall of Fame catcher, Johnny Bench. McKechnie never publicly revealed what Willard Hershberger said to him during their meeting the day before: "It had nothing to do with anybody on the team", he told reporters. "He told it to me in confidence, and I will not utter it to anyone". The Cincinnati Reds would go on to defeat the American League champion Detroit Tigers in seven games to win the 1940 World Series. Reds players decided to share a portion of their championship money, totaling $5,803, with Hershberger's mother, Maude. Hershberger was buried at Visalia Public Cemetery in Visalia, California.

title: Willard Hershberger


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Juan Eusebio Nieremberg

Juan Eusebio Nieremberg y Ottín (1595 – 7 April 1658) was a Spanish Jesuit, polymath and mystic.

Biography
Nieremberg was born in Madrid to German parents. His father was a Tyrolese, and his mother a Bavarian. He studied the classics at the Royal Court, science at Alcalá and canon law at Salamanca.

He joined the Society of Jesus (Jesuits) in 1614, much against the wishes of his father who finally obliged him to leave the novitiate of Villagarcía. He remained firm in his resolution and was permitted to return to Madrid to finish his probation.

He studied Greek and Hebrew at the Colegio de Huete, arts and theology at Alcalá, and was ordained in 1623, making his profession in 1633. At the Colegio Imperial de Madrid he taught humanities and natural history for sixteen years and Sacred Scripture for three. As a director of souls he was much sought, being appointed by royal command confessor to the Duchess of Mantua, granddaughter of Philip II. Remarkable for his exemplary life, he was an indefatigable worker, and one of the most prolific writers of his time.

Seventy-three printed and eleven manuscript works are attributed to him, of these twenty-four at least are in Latin. His works are distinguished for their erudition, those in Spanish being characterized according to Capmany, by nobility and purity of diction, terse, well-knit phrases, forcible metaphors, and vivid imagery. The Spanish Academy includes his name in the "Diccionario de Autoridades".

He was highly esteemed in devout circles as the author of De la afición y amor de Jesus (1630), and De la afición y amor de María (1630), both of which were translated into Arabic, Dutch, French, German, Italian and Latin. These works, together with the Prodigios del amor divino (1641), are now forgotten, but Nieremberg's version (1656) of the Imitation is still a favorite, and his eloquent treatise, De la hermosura de Dios y su amabilidad (1649), is the last classical manifestation of mysticism in Spanish literature.

Works

 * Obras y Días. Manual de Señores y Principes; en que se Propone con su Pureza y Rigor la Especulación y Ejecución Política, Económica y Particular de Todas las Virtudes (Madrid, 1628)
 * Centuria de dictámenes prudentes (Quiñones, Madrid, 1641).
 * Prolusión a la doctrina e historia natural (Madrid, 1629).
 * Sigalion sive de sapientia mythica (Madrid, 1629; Lyon, 1642)
 * Curiosa Filosofía y cuestiones naturales (Imprenta del Reino, Madrid, 1630)
 * Vida del glorioso Patriarca San Ignacio de Loyola (Madrid, 1631)
 * De adoratione in spiritu et veritate (Amberes, 1631)
 * De arte voluntatis (Lyon, 1631)
 * De la afición y amor de Jesús, (1630?; Madrid, 1632)
 * De la afición y amor de María... (1630?; Madrid, 1632)
 * Vida Divina y Camino Real de Grande Atajo para la Perfección (Madrid, 1633; 1633)
 * Oculta Filosofía, (Barcelona, 1645)
 * Curiosa y oculta filosofia: primera y segunda parte de las marauillas de la naturaleza, examinadas en varias questiones naturales... Tercera impression añadida por el mismo autor (Alcalá: Imprenta de María Fernández, a costa de Juan Antonio Bonet, 1649).
 * Libro de la vida de Jesús crucificado, impreso en Jerusalén con su sangre (Barcelona, 1634)
 * Historia naturae, maxime peregrinae (Amberes, 1634)
 * Trophaea mariana seu de victrice misericordia Deiparae, gefolgt von De virginitate S.S. Dei Matris apologetica dissertatio (Amberes, 1638)
 * Del aprecio y estima de la gracia divina, que nos mereció el Hijo de Dios, con su Preciosa Sangre, y Pasión (Juan Sánchez, Madrid, 1638; Hospital Real y General, Zaragoza, 1640)
 * Compendio de la vida del V.P. Martin Gutiérrez (Madrid, 1639)
 * De la diferencia entre lo temporal y lo eterno, y Crisol de Desengaños (Madrid, 1640, 1654; Imprenta Real, Madrid, 1675)
 * Práctica del Catecismo romano y doctrina cristiana (Diego Díaz de la Carrera, Madrid 1640, 1641; Imp. María de Quiñones, Madrid, 1646)
 * Vida del dichoso y venerable Padre Marcelo Francisco Mastrilli (Madrid, 1640)
 * Flores espirituales en que se proponen varios puntos muy provechosos para las almas (Madrid, 1640)
 * Prodigio del amor divino y finezas de Dios con los hombres (Juan Sánchez, Madrid, 1641).
 * De la hermosura de Dios y su amabilidad por las Infinitas Perfecciones del Ser Divino (Juan Sánchez, Madrid 1641)
 * Theopoliticus sive brevis illucidatio et rationale divinorum operum atque providentia humanorum (Amberes, 1641)
 * Causa y remedio de los males públicos (Francisco de Robles, Madrid, 1642)
 * Consuelo de las almas escrupulosas y su remedio, (Madrid, 1642).
 * Dictámenes de espíritu (Puebla de Los Ángeles, 1642)
 * Tratado sobre el lugar de los Cantares Veni de Libano  Explicado de la perfección religiosa (Madrid: Francisco Maroto a costa de Francisco de Robles, mercader de libros, 1642)
 * Ideas de virtud en algunos claros varones de la Compañía de Jesús, para los Religiosos de Ella (María de Quiñones, Madrid, 1643)
 * Doctrinae asceticae sive spiritualium institutionum pandectae (Lyon, 1643)
 * Partida a la eternidad y preparación para la muerte, (Madrid, 1643)
 * De la devoción y patrocinio de San Miguel (María de Quiñones, Madrid, 1643)
 * Corona virtuosa y virtud coronada (Francisco Maroto, Madrid, 1643)
 * Del nuevo misterio de la piedra imßn y nueva descripción del globo terrestre (Madrid, 1643)
 * Firmamento religioso de lucidos astros en algunos claros varones de la Compañía de Jesús (Quiñones, Madrid, 1644)
 * Honor del gran patriarca S. Ignacio de Loyola, fundador de la Compañía de Jesús, en que se Propone su Vida, y la de su Discípulo el Apóstol de las Indias S. Francisco Xavier. Con la Milagrosa Historia del Admirable Padre Marcelo Mastrilli, y las Noticias de Gran Multitud de Hijos del Mismo P. Ignacio, Varones Clarísimos en Santidad, Doctrina, Trabajos, y Obras Maravillosas en Servicio de la Iglesia (Quiñones, Madrid, 1645)
 * Vida del Santo Padre Francisco de Borja (Madrid, 1644)
 * Partida a la eternidad y preparación a la muerte (Imprenta Real, Madrid, 1645)
 * Vidas ejemplares y venerables memorias de algunos claros varones de la Compañía de Jesús, de los Cuales es este Tomo Cuarto (Alonso de Paredes, Madrid, 1647)
 * De la constancia en la virtud y medios de perseverencia (Madrid, 1647)
 * Epistolas del reverendo Padre Juan Eusebio Nieremberg, Religioso de la Compañía de Jesús. Publicadas pour Manuel de Faria y Sousa, Caballero de la Orden de Cristo, y de la Casa Real (por Alonso de Paredes, Madrid, 1649)
 * Devocionario del santísimo Sacramento (Madrid, 1649).
 * Cielo estrellado de María (Madrid, 1655)
 * Obras cristianas del Padre Juan Eusebio Nieremberg, Tomo I de sus obras en romance (Imprenta Real, Madrid, 1665)
 * Obras filosóficas del Padre Juan Eusebio Nieremberg, Tomo III (Imprenta Real, Madrid, 1664)
 * Obras cristianas (Lucas Martín de Hermosilla, Sevilla, 1686)
 * Vida de Santa Teresa de Jesús (Madrid, 1882)
 * Vida de Santa Teresa de Jesús (Madrid, 1882)

Eponymy
The Spanish botanists Ruiz and Pavón (Hipólito Ruiz López and Jose Antonio Pavón y Jimenez) named an attractive plant in the tobacco family, Nierembergia, after him in their Flora Peruvianae, et Chilensis Prodromus (1794).

title: Juan Eusebio Nieremberg


text:
Wikipedia:Featured article candidates/Elias Ashmole

Elias Ashmole
Self-nomination. A fascinating guy (in my opinion) and quite an operator. This article spent several weeks on peer review, where a lot of useful suggestions were incorporated. PRiis 20:58, 19 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Conditional objection. Although this article is of good length (short enough) and associated with pictures, I'm a bit unsatisfied to see an article about a dead collector without any of his collections shown by pictures. Deryck C. 09:11, 20 July 2005 (UTC)
 * I've added a link to some example items from the Tradescant collection. I'm not aware of any copyright free images that I can add to the article itself, though. PRiis 21:44, 20 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Conditional support. Support. Well, I've put in the frontispiece of Fasciculus Chemicus, which is already in the article Fasciculus Chemicus, and taken another image, a two-dimensional representation of a really old book cover, from a website, according to the Bridgeman Art Library v. Corel Corp. principle. The website in question claims copyright on it, but as far as I understand it, they can't rightfully do that. At any rate, Wikipedia is full of such images, tagged or , and I haven't heard of them being challenged or deleted. Anyway, see what you think, maybe the article doesn't need both those. This is a fine and very interesting article, which I want to support, but I still think the lead section needs to be a bit fuller. Bishonen | talk 20:38, 21 July 2005 (UTC)
 * The new pictures are great--they definitely fall under Bridgeman, so there's no problem there. I've added a second paragraph to the lead, to better highlight his mystical interests and the way they're sort of a rear-guard action. PRiis 22:22, 21 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Nothing about his uncanny knack for marrying money, huh? Just kidding, I like the expanded lead very much. Support. Bishonen | talk 23:51, 21 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Support, excellent biography, nice work. --nixie 15:39, 22 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Support. I found it informative, but then what do I know? -- llywrch 23:51, 24 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Support If more images are wanted, Oxford University has a collection of digitized images of medieval manscripts including some from Asmole's collection (They have shelfmarks of MS Asmole...). Sadly, they haven't digitized the catalog for his collection yet. Dsmdgold 03:39, July 28, 2005 (UTC)


text:
Talk:Edith Brown Clement

Untitled
Was she really in Breakin' 2?
 * No. Eliot 21:39, 19 July 2005 (UTC)

Strict Constructionist?

It is not totally clear from her opinions that this label fits her as well as it does others. Can we support this claim? TheGoodReverend 2jh1:18, 19 July 2005 (UTC)
 * My ref was this blog post which appeared to be quoting a news article, but none of the links contain the quoted paragraph. You can take this claim (out) or leave it (in)... Eliot 21:39, 19 July 2005 (UTC)

Clement ancestry
Hi, I translated the page about Judge Clement in French, and I wonder if she is not of cajun ancesry. Indeed, she is a Roman Catholic, as ties with Louisiana and her name is definitely French (the current French Attorney General is called Pascal Clément). Does somebody knows ? Revas 22:28, 19 July 2005 (UTC)

The other Edith
Great work on this page by a lot of people today. I'd like to suggest that they turn to Edith Jones whose article could also use a pick-me-up. Eliot 23:00, 19 July 2005 (UTC)

Question
Why is Wikipedia so behind on updating this article?! Why can't it be edited? (College Student in Rhode Island)

Religious Faith

 * What is the religious faith of Judge Edith Brown Clement?

Bot-created subpage
A temporary subpage at User:Polbot/fjc/Edith Brown Clement was automatically created by a perl script, based on this article at the Biographical Directory of Federal Judges. The subpage should either be merged into this article, or moved and disambiguated. Polbot (talk) 17:42, 4 March 2009 (UTC)

External links modified
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20050703083148/http://www.usdoj.gov/olp/clement.htm to http://www.usdoj.gov/olp/clement.htm

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title: Talk:Edith Brown Clement


text:
Template talk:Userref

Untitled
I have created this template to simplify referring to users in RFCs, RFARs etc. It differs from Template:Vandal by not having the block link. 20:59, 19 July 2005 (UTC)

title: Template talk:Userref


text:
Talk:Damn Yankees (album)

Fair use rationale for Image:DYDY.jpg
Image:DYDY.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in Wikipedia articles constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.BetacommandBot 22:50, 2 June 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:DYDY.jpg
Image:DYDY.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images lacking such an explanation can be deleted one week after being tagged, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot (talk) 07:00, 2 January 2008 (UTC)

career revival?
Regarding "It is also notable for being the album that revived the career of guitarist Ted Nugent" - seems kind of biased, what's the source?

I submit that Ted's career did not really need reviving. From Ted's wikipedia page "During the period of 1982–89, Nugent released a series of successful solo albums. In 1989, he joined the supergroup Damn Yankees,...". Actually, 4 albums between 82 - 88, that's four albums in six years, all the while constantly touring as a headliner. Many bands don't put out four albums in their entire career.

Therefore, removing any reference of Ted's career needing revival.

As a side note, Damn Yankees more accurately revived the career of Tommy Shaw. From Shaw's wikipedia page (paraphrased) since quitting Styx in '84, Shaw released 3 solo records (which resulted in one top 30 hit), toured opening for The Kinks and Rush. FiggazWithAttitude (talk) 20:44, 4 December 2018 (UTC)

"Runaway (Damn Yankees song" listed at Redirects for discussion
The redirect [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Runaway_(Damn_Yankees_song&redirect=no Runaway (Damn Yankees song] has been listed at redirects for discussion to determine whether its use and function meets the redirect guidelines. Readers of this page are welcome to comment on this redirect at  until a consensus is reached. Utopes (talk / cont) 21:48, 21 February 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Damn Yankees (album)


text:
Talk:Deepest Purple: The Very Best of Deep Purple

Fair use rationale for Image:Deepest Purple.jpg
Image:Deepest Purple.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in Wikipedia articles constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.BetacommandBot 00:16, 3 June 2007 (UTC)


text: Talk:Mascara and Monsters: The Best of Alice Cooper


text:
Wikipedia:WikiProject Airlines/Affinity programs

Use the discussion page to develop suggestions for how to list these.

Templates
Should the project strongly discourage affinity program templates for infoboxes or nav boxes since those templates would likely require a large number of templates in articles? I think that a Category would be the best solution if it is important to link an airline to a program. Vegaswikian 01:55, 12 August 2005 (UTC)
 * They should absolutely be discouraged. They clutter up pages and aren't necessary. Most of the templates are made by fans of one airline or another, who then take it as a personal offense when someone adds a tfd. To be honest, I'm not even crazy about having categories (since an airline such as Lufthansa would be in 30 categories), but it's much better than using templates. Dbinder 22:01, 15 August 2005 (UTC)


text:
Hope Street

Hope Street or Hope St. may refer to:

England

 * Hope Street, Liverpool
 * Hope Street, Weymouth

Scotland

 * Hope Street, in Glasgow city centre

Wales

 * Hope Street, Wrexham

Northern Ireland

 * Hope Street, Balleymena
 * Hope Street, Belfast
 * Hope Street, Larne

United States

 * Hope Street, Providence, Rhode Island
 * Hope Street, downtown Los Angeles, California

Fiction

 * Hope Street (TV series), a BBC television series set in Northern Ireland
 * Hope Street, a novel by Terry Deary
 * "Hope Street", season 6 episode 9 of The Crown

Albums

 * Hope St. (Kassidy album)
 * Hope Street (album), an album and song by Stiff Little Fingers

Songs

 * "Hope Street", by Converge from You Fail Me, 2004
 * "Hope Street", by The Levellers from Zeitgeist, 1995

title: Hope Street


text:
Wilmer–Hutchins Independent School District

Wilmer–Hutchins Independent School District (WHISD) was a school district in southern Dallas County, Texas serving the cities of Wilmer and Hutchins, a portion of Dallas (the district was last headquartered at 3820 East Illinois Avenue in Dallas ), and a small portion of Lancaster. The district served urban, suburban, and rural areas. Some unincorporated areas with Ferris addresses were served by WHISD. It closed in 2006 and was absorbed by the Dallas Independent School District.

History
Wilmer–Hutchins Independent School District was established in 1927 as a consolidation of four smaller school districts. Wilmer-Hutchins High School was established in 1928. At the time it had one elementary school for black students that had been built for $2,000, and that school had one teacher. At one point district officials cleaned the second floor of the black school and converted it into Wilmer-Hutchins Colored High School. Around 1939, Wilmer-Hutchins Colored High School burned down in a fire. After that occurred, children were bused to Dallas ISD schools such as Booker T. Washington High School and Lincoln High School. Black elementary students attended classes at Little Flock Baptist Church until a new elementary school named Morney Elementary School was opened.

In September 1954, more than 100 African-American students and parents went into Linfield Elementary School, then an all-White WHISD school. They were tired of the district's periodic closing of Melissa Pierce School, an all-Black school, so students would pick crops. The district turned the students away.

In 1958, WHISD had 1,746 White students and 577 African-American students. The number of African-American students increased rapidly over the next decade as the United States government established housing policies that concentrated many African-American families in the northern part of the district, which was in Dallas, while the cities of Hutchins and Wilmer remained majority white. The district, still clinging to its policy of segregation, spent millions of dollars building new schools for black students -  Bishop Heights Elementary School, Milton K. Curry Junior High School and John F. Kennedy High School were all opened in the early 1960s. The more rural southern portion of the district remained predominantly white - Linfield, Alta Mesa, Wilmer and Hutchins Elementary Schools were reserved for white students, as was Wilmer-Hutchins Junior High and High School. In February 1970, WHISD was forced to implement desegregation busing.

The mayor of Hutchins, Don Lucky, formed a group of followers and hijacked Hutchins Elementary School for a period. Two out of three White people in WHISD moved away from the district in the early 1970s. WHISD became predominately economically poor and African-American; WHISD became controlled by African-Americans.

In 1999, the school district had 3,651 students. In April 2003 it had 3,060 students and had gained 35 students from the start of the year. By 2004 it had about 2,900 students. It was the only Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex school district to have lost population between 1999 and 2004. Many WHISD parents left the district, putting their children in Dallas Independent School District schools or charter schools.

Performance
Throughout its existence, the district was historically recognized as one of the poorest-performing school districts in Texas, in terms of both student test scores and managerial oversight. The Texas Education Agency (TEA) had, on several occasions, appointed monitors to oversee the district, with no long-term success. This led to the decrease of the student body in the district. The district shrank by more than a third of its student size in the 2000s (decade), and, by the 2000s (decade), the district's boundaries had more charter school students than any other district in the state of Texas.

In the 1970s, the State of Texas threatened to revoke the district's accreditation. Due to misuse of district funds and fraudulent elections in the 1980s the Texas Education Agency threatened to close the district. In the 1990s, for two years the TEA took over operations of WHISD.

Around 1996, according to the district's accounts, 600 students in the WHISD attendance zone attended school in other school districts, such as Dallas ISD and Lancaster ISD, by using false addresses or addresses of relatives, since many of the families in the WHISD attendance zone did not make enough money to enroll their children in private school. Due to hastiness and lack of following procedure when firing employees, the district in 1996 had a legal budget of $366,583 ($ when adjusted for inflation), amounting to about $114 ($ when adjusted for inflation) per student. This is compared to the Plano Independent School District's legal spending of $161,598 ($ when adjusted for inflation), about $4 ($ when adjusted for inflation) per student, and the Dallas Independent School District's legal budget of about $900,000 ($ when adjusted for inflation), about $6 ($ when adjusted for inflation) per student.

In 2004, the district closed Wilmer-Hutchins Performing Arts High School, A.L. Morney Learning Center, and Hutchins Academic Elementary School. The board also voted to eliminate the district's police department and fire the police chief, Cedric Davis. By 2005, the district's buildings were in poor shape. Large trees grew out of the bleachers of the Wilmer-Hutchins ISD football field. Wilmer-Hutchins High School failed fire inspections twice in a row.

Morgan Smith of the Texas Tribune said "When the state closed Wilmer-Hutchins ISD six years ago, the district was like the region’s unwanted stepchild — few of the neighboring districts wanted to absorb students from its low-performing schools."

Dianna Wray of the Houston Press stated that WHISD "was almost a mirror image of [ North Forest Independent School District ] in both demographics and history".

Closure
After a series of investigative stories in The Dallas Morning News found evidence of cheating on the Texas Assessment of Knowledge and Skills in Wilmer-Hutchins, the Texas Education Agency (TEA) began an investigation into the findings. That investigation found sufficient evidence of educator-led cheating for TEA to retroactively declare the school district "academically unacceptable" (the lowest possible ranking). The retroactive ranking was the second consecutive "academically unacceptable" rating, which gave the TEA authority to close WHISD and transfer its students to another school district. After WHISD voters overwhelmingly defeated a proposal to increase the property tax rate (many citing the district's shoddy recordkeeping), the TEA elected not to attempt yet another monitoring effort, and instead ordered the district closed for the 2005–2006 school year. The Lancaster ISD was given first opportunity to absorb the district, but declined. Instead, the Dallas Independent School District agreed to absorb WHISD. The United States Department of Justice approved the closure on December 13, 2005. The district held its final meeting on June 30, 2006. Dallas ISD elected to close all of the Wilmer-Hutchins schools and sent students to existing Dallas schools. The entire senior class of Wilmer-Hutchins High School went on to South Oak Cliff High School. Other students were divided into several different schools. Marlon Brooks, the principal of Wilmer-Hutchins High School as of 2011, said that some students had commutes of over one hour. Some students were over 12 mi away from their zoned schools.

The Dallas Observer, an alternative newsweekly, argues that DISD agreed to absorb the district because of the significant tax revenue to be gained from the recently completed US$70 million Union Pacific Dallas Intermodal Terminal, which is located partly in the city of Wilmer and partly in the city of Hutchins, but wholly within the WHISD district boundaries.

After the closure of WHISD, property values in the district increased.

Use of former WHISD campuses and material by Dallas ISD
In January 2007, Dallas ISD removed 5,000 boxes with more than one half million personnel records and placed them in the DISD administration building. The district also removed the trophies, banners, and plaques from the WHISD campuses.

As a result of the merger, Dallas ISD will hold the titles to the former WHISD campus facilities. For the 2008 bond proposal DISD plans to demolish the former Kennedy-Curry Middle School campus and renovate the Wilmer-Hutchins High School campus. In addition DISD planned to build a new elementary school campus within the former WHISD territory.

In 2011 DISD re-opened Kennedy Curry and Wilmer-Hutchins High School and opened Wilmer-Hutchins Elementary School in the Wilmer-Hutchins area. The district had renovated Kennedy-Curry and expanded it by almost 60000 sqft. Funds from the 2008 $1.35 billion bond were used to overhaul the schools.

Movement to reopen WHISD
In 2007, a community group lobbied for the re-establishment of Wilmer-Hutchins ISD. Some WHISD residents missed the small-town country feel of WHISD schools and schools close to their houses. Some residents feel that the next preferable option is to have DISD open schools in the former WHISD territory.

Demographics
In the district's final year of operation, it had around 3,000 students. About 80% were black and about 20% were Hispanic.

High schools

 * Wilmer-Hutchins High School (operating at district dissolution)
 * Wilmer-Hutchins Colored High School (closed before district dissolution)
 * Wilmer-Hutchins Performing Arts High School (opened in August 2003; closed 2004. - Held in the former Mamie White Elementary School )
 * John F. Kennedy High School (opened in 1964; closed in 1968)

Middle schools

 * Kennedy-Curry Middle School (opened in August 1968; operating at district dissolution)

Elementary schools

 * Alta Mesa Learning Center (operating at district dissolution)
 * Bishop Heights Elementary School (operating at district dissolution)
 * C.S. Winn Elementary School (closed before district dissolution)
 * Dallas ISD inherited the building. By 2013 it had been targeted by thieves and vandals.
 * Hutchins 5th Grade Center (operating at district dissolution)
 * Wilmer Elementary School (operating at district dissolution)
 * Hutchins Academic Elementary School (closed 2004 )
 * Linfield Elementary School (closed before district dissolution)
 * Melissa Pierce School (closed before district dissolution)
 * Mamie White Elementary School (closed before district dissolution)

Preschools

 * A. L. Morney Learning Center (opened in 2003; closed in 2004 )

Headquarters
The district headquarters were located in Dallas, in a former elementary school. In 1996 Thomas Koroesec of the Dallas Observer said that the building, which does not have windows, "at times resembles an education ministry in some Third World country."

District area
Hutchins and Wilmer, as of 2003, are working class communities south of the City of Dallas. Described as "semirural" suburbs by Thomas Korosec of the Dallas Observer, both are located on Interstate 45 and at the time had a mix of racial groups. WHISD also served portions of South Dallas and these areas, mostly African-American, were low income; as of 2003 WHISD was one of three school districts other than DISD which enrolled large numbers of students from the Dallas city limits: the others were Plano ISD and Richardson ISD. Korosec wrote that WHISD was "Actually more a creature of Dallas than its namesake towns".

In 1996 around 17,800 people lived within the district. U.S. Census figures stated that the area was about 70% African-American and mostly blue collar. About 20% of the residents lived in poverty. About 6.67% of the adults held one or more university degrees. Most residents were homeowners. In 1996 the Dallas Observer described the district, which had "urban demographics" and a location "a few minutes from downtown Dallas," as having an "incongruous rural feel" with "pig farms sit cheek by jowl with burglar-barred houses in sprawling subdivisions built 25 or 30 years ago" within the Dallas portion of Wilmer-Hutchins ISD.

Korosec stated that the residents blamed the poor performance of WHISD for the fact that nobody established new businesses and houses within the district boundaries. The district also had many landmarks considered undesirable including a landfill and the Hutchins State Jail.

In 1996 Fahim Minkah, the director of the nonprofit community group United Front of Dallas and a former organizer previously known as Fred Bell, said that many of the neighborhoods in WHISD were, as paraphrased by Korosec, "better than many in southern Dallas" and that the district area had "decent housing and a tolerable level of crime." Despite this he had withdrawn his children from WHISD schools.


text:
Eddie Trunk

Edward Scott Trunk (born August 8, 1964) is an American music historian, radio personality, talk show host, and author, best known as the host of several hard rock- and heavy metal-themed radio and television shows.

Biography
Trunk was born on August 8, 1964, in Summit, New Jersey. He grew up in Madison, New Jersey, where he attended Madison High School. As a teenager, Trunk became a fan of Kiss, Raspberries, and other bands including Aerosmith, Rush, UFO and Black Sabbath. During high school, he began to write reviews of records for school credit and soon found his passion in music.

Around 1986, Trunk became an employee of Megaforce Records which had signed both Metallica and Anthrax. He became vice president of the company at age 25. During that time, he earned executive producer credit on some works from bands like Anthrax, Raven, T.T. Quick, Manowar, Overkill, King's X, Prophet, Icon and Ace Frehley. In fact, Trunk was the main driving force behind reviving Ace Frehley's career, convincing Megaforce Records head Jon Zazula to sign Frehley to a solo deal.

Around 1997, WNEW FM was looking to become a more "heavy" station and move away from their classic rock playlist. Trunk was one of the first people hired for the new concept. He wanted to do a metal show for the station, and eventually Saturday Night Rocks was born. WNEW became a talk radio station, but Trunk's show was one of the few retained.

Former work
From late 1983 through 1994, Trunk became a fixture at WDHA, the station he grew up listening to. Over the 10 years he spent at DHA (all on a part-time basis), he hosted, produced, and programmed the stations popular metal show, in addition to doing regular airshifts, remote broadcasts, interviews, and promotions.

Trunk hosted Friday Night Rocks and Saturday Night Rocks for WNEW-FM in New York City until the radio station underwent a format change in 2003. He was also a regular disc jockey on Q104.3 before joining WNEW-FM and was a VJ who hosted the weekend episodes of Metal Mania on the cable television channel VH1 Classic.

He also hosted a weekly Saturday four-hour program on XM Radio's Ozzy's Boneyard Channel. Trunk was suspended after an interview with New York Mets catcher Mike Piazza in which Piazza was critical of XM Radio's programming on the Boneyard Channel. Trunk was not heard on XM again until late November 2006, when he appeared on the Ron and Fez show to announce his return to XM. He began hosting Eddie Trunk Live on the Boneyard beginning the first week in December 2006.

In May 2006, Guns N' Roses lead singer Axl Rose made a surprise visit on Trunk's Q104.3 radio show. Rose walked in unexpectedly to Trunk's radio studio in New York and spent two and a half hours live on the air with Trunk and other guests.

Trunk was also the host and co-producer of That Metal Show, which aired weekly on VH1 Classic from 2008 to 2015.

Trunk has written two books, Essential Hard Rock and Heavy Metal Vol 1 & 2.

Trunk revealed in 2019 that he had recorded backing vocals on Anthrax's 1989 cover of the KISS song "Parasite" and was credited in the special thanks as Ed "Parasite" Trunk.

Current work
As of 2012, Trunk's current work includes the nationally syndicated radio show, Eddie Trunk Rocks, which is recorded at the New York radio station, Q104.3 (WAXQ), on the FM frequency, and is syndicated by Radio KG. Trunk also hosts Trunk Nation on the Sirius XM Radio channels Faction Talk (Channel 103) and Hair Nation (Channel 39) (formerly known as Eddie Trunk Live when Trunk was with The Boneyard station), and is a music host and interviewer for the MSG Network, a cable network based out of New York City. He hosts "The Eddie Trunk Podcast" on PodcastOne.

Eddie hosted the Hall of Heavy Metal History on January 18, 2017.

Criticism of the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame
Trunk is outspoken in his contempt of the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, calling it the "Hall of Shame". Trunk has blogged and commented over the open air on That Metal Show his disgust at the Hall for almost entirely ignoring heavy metal and hard rock, citing examples such as Dio being passed over in favor of Madonna and ABBA. Trunk became a voting member of The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2015. As of January 2017, Trunk has somewhat backed away from his earlier criticism of the hall citing progress made in the enshrining of bands such as Rush, Kiss, Cheap Trick, Deep Purple, Def Leppard and Journey.

title: Eddie Trunk


text:
File:Singsgreatestpalacemusic albumcover.jpg

Summary

 * Though this image is subject to copyright, its use is covered by the U.S. fair use laws because:
 * # It illustrates educational articles about the album from which the cover illustration was taken.
 * # The image is used as the primary means of visual identification of the article topic.
 * # The use of the cover will not affect the value of the original work or limit the copyright holder's rights or ability to distribute the original. In particular, copies could not be used to make illegal copies of the album artwork on another CD.
 * # The image is only a small portion of the commercial product.
 * # It is not replaceable with an uncopyrighted or freely copyrighted image of comparable educational value.


text:
Sings Greatest Palace Music

Bonnie 'Prince' Billy Sings Greatest Palace Music is a 2004 studio album by Bonnie 'Prince' Billy. It features new recordings of songs from his Palace Music era (1993–1997), recorded in Nashville, Tennessee with a large group of country session musicians. Guest musicians include Eddie Bayers, Stuart Duncan, Mark Fain, Mike Johnson, Hargus "Pig" Robbins, Andrew Bird and Bruce Watkins.

Personnel
Credits adapted from liner notes.

 * Hargus "Pig" Robbins – piano
 * Colin Gagon – accordion, trombone
 * Tony Crow – keyboards, synthesizer
 * Mark Fain – bass guitar
 * Matt Sweeney – electric guitar
 * Aram Stith – electric guitar
 * Dave Bird – electric guitar
 * Ned Oldham – electric guitar
 * Bruce Watkins – acoustic guitar
 * Mike Johnson – pedal steel guitar
 * Stuart Duncan – fiddle, mandolin
 * Andrew Bird – strings, glockenspiel, fiddle
 * D.V. DeVincentis – saxophone
 * Jack Carneal – percussion
 * Eddie Bayers – drums

title: Sings Greatest Palace Music


text:
Talk:Tifinagh/Archive 1

Is there a range of Unicode characters for Tifinagh? --Hirzel 14:15 Feb 27, 2003 (UTC) - it will be fine if you can make an complete article about the origin of tifinagh, this can help you :. but is not very nice to say that it is probably from a punic or arabic origine, while tifinagh may be a older then the punic script. it is also not accepteble to say that is from an arabic script. the arabic script in what you write is not very old ,it is a branche of the aramic scriprt. and we know that tifinagh very older then the aramic script. you can say the yemenitic script, and that is well a good possiblity. but that is a proto arabic, not the arabic in what you write. and further i don'think that sheba was an an arab. you have also to say that there is no proofs that the origin of tifinagh is punic. of heroglyfic. it 's also objectively to say that origin of tifinagh may be the berber themself and some scholars claim that tifinagh mean "our invention". for furhter inforamtions see : http://www.mondeberbere.com/langue/tifinagh/tifinagh_origine.htm Aziri 12:47, 30 Jun 2004 (UTC)

 * Read the article for a change. It already said that "some consider its origin to be as yet unresolved.''  Go look up "unresolved".

 * The Northern Arabic scripts mentioned (Safaitic, Thamudenic, etc.) have nothing to do with the "arabic script in what you write"; they come from the musnad of Himyar, and were what the Arabs wrote in before they started using Aramaic. There are inscriptions in Northern Arabic scripts all over the Sinai and the Hijaz from pre-Islamic times.  And you certainly can't go around deleting perfectly good quotes from respectable academics (from O'Connor, in this case) just because you don't agree with their theory. - Mustafaa 18:19, 30 Jun 2004 (UTC)

yes, i'm not agree with their theorie, because there is no proofs that tifinagh have a punic origine , they writed that because the thought that tifinagh not more older then 200 B.C. further i did read it ,but i feel my as a child when you say that i'm a idiot just because i see the discussion with you as "bicker". Aziri 13:17, 4 Jul 2004 (UTC)

When someone starts reverting articles that they haven't even understood, I feel quite entitled to call them names. If you're going to behave more responsibly now, then great. As for the dates, there is no widely accepted evidence that Tifinagh is older than Phoenician (as you can see, among other places, from the MondeBerbere article). 200 BC is not how old Tifinagh is, but how old the earliest Tifinagh inscription with a date written on it is. - Mustafaa 19:21, 4 Jul 2004 (UTC)

if there are no proofs that Tifinagh more older then punic script it mean not that it is not more old. but it's sure that there no proofs that tifinagh have an punic or arabic origine. therefor you can that not say. well you can say that the origine of tifinagh is uncertain.Aziri 10:43, 5 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Why may mustafaa write concerning the berber:
i did see that mustafaa wirited about many theories, and noone of them are sure. nevertheless he did not write any critice. but when i say that tifinagh may be itif +negh = our invention ,the he did write a critice. see his manner : "...A few activists 'claim' that "tifinagh" comes from the two Berber words itif + negh, meaning our invention in the Berber language; 'however, given that the singular is 'tafineq (of which tifinagh is the regular plural), the etymology more commonly given (eg by 'Karl Prasse') relates to to the 'Greek' phoinikos "'Phoenician'".

see his titel : some people ('not scholars')  'claim' that; ''but the scholars say'...)

here i have a source of Mustafaa A'ashi (specialised in archaeology and the old history) and he say that some research workers concernig tifinagh thank that it mean our invention. and he think that also. but he is a specialist in archeology and the old history not such as mustafaa claim (not scholars). further are all the theorie concerning tafinagh may be criticed and the question is : why he has only the theory of "our invention" criticised en why he accepts not the contributions of the berber scholars'? is this no serious force reason to stop him with his random criticism ?Aziri 11:25, 8 Jul 2004 (UTC)

The claim that Tifinagh has been found in America is made only by a few New Agers who every other archeologist considers to be completely wrong. Many of them also claim Tifinagh isn't even a Berber script. - Mustafaa 02:57, 13 Jul 2004 (UTC)

see this : but i know it : he is claiming .and he is a berber activist and not scholar. see this :"...Ook kan jij er niet omheen dat dev tifinagh tak van het Libische schrift gevonden is op de Maagden Eilanden, nou, dat kan ook alleen verklaard worden middels contacten..." source : you can say that he is claiming and not scholar but you can not say that he a berber activist. berber's contact with america :  : they are well berber activist but they have sources ,therefor you cannot claim that they are claiming. A Numidian Coin from Deer Creek, Ohio he is not a berber activist (!). all this peopel are claiming but you are the one who have the keys of the truth ?!Aziri 14:47, 13 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Go buy a dictionary, Aziri; "claim" neither implies the truth nor the falsehood of the claim. However, the America claim really is false, and is treated by most archeologists as on a par with the equally improbable stories of Egyptians, Phoenicians, Romans, Irish, and Welshmen in America. I suggest you explore Hall of Maat a bit. - Mustafaa 17:37, 13 Jul 2004 (UTC)

it is not a question of dictionary. i have to buy a judge. who can see the counterfeiting.Aziri 13:14, 14 Jul 2004 (UTC)

"Counterfeiting" is certainly the first word that leaps to mind when I hear about a Roman-era coin in Ohio... - Mustafaa 18:11, 14 Jul 2004 (UTC)

like it was writen by me.Aziri 11:34, 15 Jul 2004 (UTC)

title: Talk:Tifinagh/Archive 1


text:
The Boar (newspaper)

The Boar is the student newspaper of the University of Warwick. Founded in 1973, the paper is published thrice a term, and the website is continually updated. Whilst it is affiliated to the university's Students' Union, the paper is editorially independent. It consists of 16 sections, including News, Sports, and Podcasts.

Contribution to The Boar is entirely voluntary, and none of the approximately 80 editorial staff are paid. Furthermore, the paper does not receive any budget from the Students' Union and therefore relies entirely on self-generated advertising revenue to keep afloat.

In 2013, The Boar was selected as Student Publication of the Year. In 2018, the Boar won the Student Publication of the Year award at BBC Radio 4 Journalism Awards.

History
Upon its founding in October 1973, the Boar incorporated Campus, the student newspaper of the late 1960s and early 1970s. For a brief period in 1988, The Boar changed its name to Mercury, though by the end of the academic year it reverted to The Boar. With the exception of the occasional comedy issue of the Warwick Goat, The Boar has consistently remained as the Boar or the Warwick Boar.

The Boar has been a free newspaper since 1990. In 2004, the online edition was relaunched with a feature to accept reader comments. This work was undertaken by Electronic Engineering student Chris Williams, with the help of online editor Kate Fleetwood and others.

The paper was published weekly until 2009 when it switched to fortnightly print editions following financial troubles.

The website was again relaunched in April 2013. It was redesigned but also provided a new back-end for the team after encountering problems with the old site.

1990s
In 1990, the paper won the Impact Award for most improved publication at the Guardian Student Media Awards. In both 1994 and 1998 it was nominated for Newspaper of the Year.

In 1999, it was nominated for Student Website of the Year at the Guardian Student Media Awards and Jonathan Stubbs won Best Arts Journalist at The Independent / NUS National Student Journalism Awards.

2000s
In 2000, Andrew Losowsky was runner-up Best Student Feature Writer in the National Student Journalism Awards. Tim Clist was nominated for Best Feature Writer and Andrew Losowsky for Best Arts Journalist.

In 2001, the paper was nominated for Design of the Year in the Guardian Student Media Awards, Mark Douglas was nominated for Sports Writer of the Year and the compulsory laptops campaign was nominated for Student Campaign of the Year.

In 2002, Oliver Scarff won Best Photographer in the NUS awards, and Nicholas Morrison was nominated for Sports Writer of the Year in the Guardian awards.

In 2003, the paper was runner up Student Newspaper of the Year in the Guardian awards. The judges (including Alan Rusbridger and Jon Snow) commented: "A consistently high standard, like a fine regional newspaper with an outstanding magazine. The dedication of the staff to produce this newspaper on a weekly basis is incredible." Mark Douglas was also nominated for Sports Writer of the Year. In the NUS awards, the paper received a nomination for Best Campaign and Rhian Nicholson was nominated for Best Travel Journalist

In 2004, it won Best Website and Jake Morris won Best Reporter in the NUS awards. Tom Thurnell-Read was nominated for Travel Writer of the Year in the Guardian awards.

In 2005, it was runner-up for Best Website in both the Guardian and NUS awards. In the NUS awards, Matt Sandy was runner-up Best Reporter and was nominated for Best Investigative Journalism.

In 2006, The Boar received 17 nominations in the Guardian and NUS awards (a record in the history of student media, according to the newspaper). These included Best Newspaper in the NUS awards and Best Website in both. In the NUS awards it won Best Reporter (Matt Sandy), Best Feature Writer (Alastair Plumb), Best Sports Writer (David O'Kelly) and Best Photographer (Ching Sum Yuen). In the Guardian awards, it won Website of the Year, Travel Writer of the Year (Tanc Newbury) and Sports Writer of the Year (David O'Kelly).

Leo Robson was nominated for Best Critic at the Guardian awards every year from 2006 to 2009. He won it in 2008.

In 2009, Sam Hancock was nominated for Best Travel Writer.

2010s
The Boar was shortlisted for the Digital Innovation Award at the 2010 Midlands Media Awards.

On 1 September 2013, The Boar was announced as Ones to Watch's Student Publication of the Year after being selected as Student Publication of the Month for February. The Boar received the most votes in the public voting round, but it also really impressed the judges. Judge Lucy Sherriff, of Huffington Post Students, said: "The Boar stood out as a winner for the amount of thought and effort put into producing exclusive content – including FOIs – as well as breaking news. Its content is intuitive and is really tailored towards a student audience." The Boar's new website design was also complimented for having an "innovative website design with a rotating splash".

In 2016, The Boar was awarded Best Design at the Student Publication Association 2016 National Conference. The Boar also took home three further awards including Best Comment Writer for Mike Wrench, a Highly Commended award for Best Entertainment Piece and a Special Mention Award for Best Interview Piece by Jesse Samasuwo.

In 2017, The Boar took home two awards at the Student Publication Association 2017 National Conference. These included Highly Commended awards for Best Sports Coverage by James Roberts and Best Entertainment Piece by Cameron Clark. In November of the same year, The Boar was awarded Best Publication in the Midlands at the SPA's inaugural Regional Awards.

In 2018, The Boar won Student Publication of the Year award at the inaugural BBC Radio 4 Journalism Awards. They won this award for the second year in a row in November 2019.

2020s
In 2020, The Boar took home two awards at the Student Publication Association 2020 National Conference. These included Highly Commended awards for Digital Media and Best Lifestyle Piece by Liam Gould.

Origin of name
Founding Editor Godfrey Rust provides this explanation:

We wanted something that would convey a sense of instant history to cover up the (then) appalling newness of the place (and encourage more Americans to invest). Sitting in the Pennyfarthing Bar, [Co-founder] Kasper de Graaf and I pooled our vast knowledge of local heraldry. Coventry, we thought, had an elephant as its symbol, and Warwick had a bear. Or perhaps it was the other way around.

Anyway, neither of these had the required cachet. After experiments with other possible fauna we stumbled on the idea of a boar. Exactly whose the idea was I no longer remember, but I am certain that draught bitter was only 13p a pint. The pun was dreadful, but it was my round and there seemed to be no-one to stop us.

title: The Boar (newspaper)


text:
Talk:MicroStrategy

Hack stuff and logo
Is the reason for not including the association this company has with hacking allegations in this article is because there's not even a single blog or news covering it, or is it because it's unreliable (I have no idea)? However, I feel like it is better to just go with a non-bureaucratic (I have no better word) approach and add this uncovered hacking stuff to the article mostly for completeness. Agree or not? Also, can someone add the other logo or is it not possible due to copyright issues? WhyIsNameSoHardOmg- - (talk) 10:17, 25 April 2024 (UTC)

 * To add: Most people will see the Wikipedia article for this hacking coverage. I'm pretty sure that is notable, or at least more notable than some other entire articles. Don't be a jerk. WhyIsNameSoHardOmg- - (talk) 10:33, 25 April 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:MicroStrategy


text:
Wasagamack First Nation

Wasagamack First Nation (Oji-cree: ᐗᓴᑲᒪᐣᐠ, meaning: At the Bay) is an Oji-Cree First Nation band government in Manitoba, Canada. As of December 2014 the registered population of the Wasagamack First Nation was 2,017, of which 1,823 lived on their own reserve. Their most populous community is Wasagamack located about 600 km north of Winnipeg on Island Lake. The population of Wasagamack in 2011 was 1,411 an increase of 21.6% from the 2006 population of 1,160. St. Theresa Point First Nation lies just to the south of this reserve.

Historically, the peoples of Wasagamack First Nation were part of the Island Lake Band of "Cree", which also included the nearby First Nations of Garden Hill, St. Theresa Point and Red Sucker Lake. They are a signatory to the 1909 adhesion to Treaty 5.

Reserves
The Wasagamack First Nation have reserved for themselves three Indian Reserves:
 * 472 ha Feather Rapids Indian Reserve, located on the north shore of Pelican Lake (53.84167°N, -96.08611°W)
 * 414.80 ha Naytawunkank Indian Reserve, located on the south shore of Bigstone Lake (53.64167°N, -95.75417°W)
 * 7446.20 ha Wasagamack Indian Reserve, located on the west shore of Island Lake (53.90833°N, -94.94583°W) and containing their main community of Wasagamack

Governance
The First Nation elects their officials through the Custom Electoral System. Their council consists of a Chief and 6 councillors.

The First Nation maintains political affiliations are with the Island Lake Tribal Council (ILTC), Manitoba Keewatinohk Okimahkanak (MKO), Assembly of Manitoba Chiefs (AMC) and Indian and Northern Affairs Canada (INAC).

Services
The Wasagamack First Nation administers the following programs:
 * Government
 * aboriginal healing foundation
 * airport project
 * capital projects
 * community outreach program
 * economic development
 * housing
 * justice
 * operations and maintenance
 * policing
 * recreation
 * sanitation services
 * social assistance
 * television and radio broadcasting
 * water and sewage services
 * youth services

Educational services are administered by the Wasagamack Education Authority. The education authority oversees the everyday operation of the local school and manages other programs such as adult education program and other post-secondary funding services.
 * Educational
 * George Knott School—nursery to grade twelve. There are over 500 students enrolled. There is one main building and several portable classrooms.

Both Midewiwin and Christianity are observed in the community. There are three church denominations in the community: a Roman Catholic Church, a United Church and a Full Gospel/Pentecostal Church.
 * Religious

Notable peoples

 * J.J. Harper, former Chief of Wasagamack.

title: Wasagamack First Nation


text:
Nozu Michitsura

Field Marshal The Marquis Nozu Michitsura (野津 道貫) was a Japanese field marshal and leading figure in the early Imperial Japanese Army.

Biography
Nozu was born in Kagoshima as the second son of a low-ranking samurai of the Satsuma Domain. He studied Japanese swordsmanship under Yakumaru Kaneyoshi, a noted instructor within Satsuma Domain, and was appointed a company commander during the Boshin War of the Meiji Restoration. Nozu was at every major battle in the war, from the Battle of Toba–Fushimi, to the Battle of Aizu and the Battle of Hakodate.

After the war, Nozu went to Tokyo, and in March 1871, was appointed as a major in the 2nd Brigade of the fledgling Imperial Japanese Army. He was promoted to lieutenant colonel in August 1872, and colonel in January 1874 upon his appointment as chief of staff of the Imperial Guards Brigade. From July to October 1876, Nozu traveled to the United States, where he attended the Centennial Exhibition in Philadelphia. Soon after his return to Japan, he had the unpleasant task of fighting against his former Satsuma clansmen in the Satsuma Rebellion. In February 1877, Nozu was appointed chief of staff of the 2nd Brigade, and was stationed in Bungo Province, in Kyushu – the heartland of the rebellion, from May to August 1877.

In November 1878, Nozu was promoted to major general, and subsequently served as commander of the Tokyo Military District. In February 1884, Nozu accompanied War Minister Ōyama Iwao, on a year-long tour of Europe to examine the military systems of various European nations. In July 1884, he was elevated to the title of baron (danshaku) in the kazoku peerage system by Emperor Meiji. From February to April 1885, Nozu was sent to Beijing in Qing Dynasty China as a military attaché. On his return to Japan in May 1885, he was promoted to lieutenant general and made commander of the Hiroshima Military District.

In May 1888, with the reorganization of the Imperial Japanese Army into divisions per the advice of Prussian military advisor Jakob Meckel, Nozu was made commander of the new IJA 5th Division, which saw combat under his command in the First Sino-Japanese War at the Battle of Pyongyang (1894). In March 1895, Nozu was promoted to full general and replaced General Yamagata Aritomo as command-in-chief of the Japanese First Army in Manchuria. In August 1895, he was elevated to the title of viscount (shishaku).

After the end of the war, Nozu he successively held various military posts including Commander of the Imperial Guard Division, Inspector-General of Military Training, and served as a Military Councilor.

With the start of the Russo-Japanese War, Nozu was assigned command of the Japanese Fourth Army, which played a crucial role in the Battle of Mukden. At the end of the war, he received promotion to the post of field marshal in January 1906. His title was also upgraded to marquis (koshaku).

By Imperial appointment, Nozu served as a member of the House of Peers of the Diet of Japan from September 1907 until his death in October 1908.

Nozu's decorations included the Order of the Golden Kite (1st class) and the Grand Cordon of the Supreme Order of the Chrysanthemum.

His grave is at the Aoyama Cemetery in downtown Tokyo.

title: Nozu Michitsura


text:
Titus Flavius Clemens

Titus Flavius Clemens may refer to:

 * Titus Flavius Clemens (consul), Roman politician and cousin of the emperor Domitian, consul AD 95
 * Clement of Alexandria (c. 150), Christian theologian and philosopher

title: Titus Flavius Clemens


text:
Navy Broadway Complex

The Navy Broadway Complex is a bayside military facility located in downtown San Diego, California. It houses the primary offices of the Navy Region Southwest, and is closely tied to regional United States Coast Guard operations. The Global Advanced Traceability and Control (ATAC) and function is housed in the Navy Broadway Complex.

History
In the early 1900s, Pacific Fleet ships frequently docked in the San Diego harbor at what is now the intersection of Broadway and Harbor Drive. With all the necessary maritime facilities in place, the site became a supply depot. A small pier was constructed in 1922 and the first materials were moved into the Depot's warehouse in February 1923. Subsequent modifications have been made to the depot sporadically through the late 20th century. Starting in April 2017, The Navy Broadway Complex started demolition in order to make way for the Manchester Pacific Gateway, which includes office buildings and a luxurious mall that will cover 12 acres.

Development
Since the complex is on extremely valuable property, the Navy has attempted to finance a portion of operations with revenue from real estate developers seeking to build housing and commercial units. A San Diego developer actually has a lease with the US Navy to build a Navy administration complex, along with hotels, offices and shops, in an area of the complex that currently houses dilapidated buildings and government-only parking. In March 2016 the Navy and developer Doug Manchester won a victory in the 9th Circuit Court of Appeals to allow the development to go forward after many years of delay.

title: Navy Broadway Complex


text:
Talk:Billy Cunningham

Untitled
It'd be nice to add something about his storied career at UNC.

title: Talk:Billy Cunningham