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1991 Tour de France

The 1991 Tour de France was the 78th edition of the Tour de France, taking place from 6 to 28 July. The total race distance was 22 stages over 3914 km. The race was won by Miguel Induráin, whose Banesto team also won the team classification. The points classification was won by Djamolidine Abdoujaparov, although he almost crashed out in the final stage. The mountains classification was won by Claudio Chiappucci, and the young rider classification by Álvaro Mejía.

Teams
The 1991 Tour had a starting field of 22 teams of 9 cyclists. Sixteen teams qualified by being ranked in the top 16 of the FICP ranking for teams in May 1991. After the 1991 Giro d'Italia and the Dauphiné Libéré, the Tour organiser gave six additional wildcards.

Of the 198 cyclists starting the race, 38 were riding the Tour de France for the first time. The average age of riders in the race was 28.30 years, ranging from the 21-year-old Dimitri Zhdanov to the 36-year-old Gilbert Duclos-Lassalle. The cyclists had the youngest average age while the riders on  had the oldest.

The teams entering the race were:

Qualified teams

Invited teams

 * Tonton Tapis–GB
 * Tonton Tapis–GB
 * Tonton Tapis–GB
 * Tonton Tapis–GB
 * Tonton Tapis–GB

Pre-race favourites
Ahead of the 1991 Tour, defending champion Greg LeMond was considered the favourite to capture a fourth Tour victory, and third in a row. The Guardian's Stephen Bierley wrote that "it is excruciatingly difficult to make out a strong case for the Californian not to finish first in Paris". As had become the norm for LeMond, his early season results had been disappointing, since he chose to use those races as preparation for the Tour instead of trying to be competitive. He had dropped out of the Giro d'Italia and then finished 24th at the Tour de Suisse, one of the build-up races for the Tour de France.

Gianni Bugno was listed by The Guardian as LeMond's "greatest threat". Winner of the 1990 Giro d'Italia, he had finished the Italian Grand Tour fourth this year. In the 1990 Tour de France, he had finished seventh overall and won two stages, including one to the ski resort of Alpe d'Huez.

The third major name to be considered a favourite was Erik Breukink, third overall the year before. His strong abilities in individual time trials were counted as an advantage, having won one of them in the previous year's Tour. However, his tendency to experience one day of bad form in every Tour he had competed in so far was considered to be the major weakness he had to overcome.

The previous year's runner-up, Claudio Chiappucci, was also ranked among the contenders. Since his breakthrough performance in 1990, he had won the Milan–San Remo one-day race and finished second at the Giro d'Italia.

In addition to LeMond, three more former winners started the 1991 Tour: Pedro Delgado, the winner in 1988, had finished fourth in 1990, but commentators suspected that he might be past his prime. Laurent Fignon, who had won the race in 1983 and 1984, had, like LeMond, retired from the Giro d'Italia and experienced an early season without major results. However, The Guardian described him as "extremely fit and unusually relaxed". Stephen Roche (Tonton Tapis–GB), winner in 1987, had won the Critérium International earlier in the season, but having finished the Tour in 1990 only 44th, was considered to mainly compete for stage wins.

Other names listed as possible contenders for overall victory were Steve Bauer and Andrew Hampsten of, Raúl Alcalá , Gert-Jan Theunisse , Steven Rooks , Charly Mottet , and Jean-François Bernard.

Bookmaker William Hill listed LeMond at 2-1 odds, followed by Bugno at 7–2, Breukink and Chiappucci at 6–1, and Delgado at 10–1.

Olaf Ludwig, who had won the points classification the year before, was again considered the favourite for it going into the 1991 Tour.

Route and stages
The highest point of elevation in the race was 2115 m at the summit of the Col du Tourmalet mountain pass on stage 13.

Race overview
The prologue was won by specialist Thierry Marie, who also had won the prologue in the previous race. LeMond finished with the third-best time. In the first stage, a group of eleven cyclists escaped, including some cyclists aiming for the overall win: LeMond, Breukink, Rolf Sørensen and Kelly. Marie was not in this group, and thanks to time bonuses LeMond became the race leader. Later that day, the team time trial (stage 2) was run, won by Sørensen's team, and Sørensen became the new leader of the general classification.

Sørensen kept the lead for a few stages, but in the fifth stage he fell (crashing into a traffic island) and broke his clavicle. He managed to finish the stage, but was unable to start the next stage, so the sixth stage started without a yellow jersey. In that sixth stage, Thierry Marie escaped early in the stage, and reached the finish alone, with a solo of 234 km, the third-longest post-war solo escape in the Tour de France. His margin to the rest was big enough to put him back in the top position of the general classification. The time trial in stage eight was won by Miguel Induráin, with LeMond in second place, only eight seconds slower. This was enough to make LeMond the new leader, with Breukink in second place. Stage 9 saw the first Brazilian, Mauro Ribeiro, to win a stage at the Tour de France.

Before the tenth stage, two cyclists from PDM gave up. During that stage, two more gave up, and one came in late. The team revealed that the remaining four cyclists (including Breukink, Kelly and Alcalá, ranked in the top ten of the general classification) were also sick, and the next morning the entire team abandoned. There were rumours that a doping program had gone wrong, but no official penalties were given. After the eleventh stage, there was a rest day, on which the cyclists were transferred from Nantes to Pau, by airplane. Urs Zimmermann had a fear of flying, so he refused to use the airplane. The jury then disqualified him, but after the other cyclists protested, he was allowed to use other means of transportation.

The Tour entered the Pyrenees in the twelfth stage. A group escaped with some strong outsiders: Luc Leblanc, Charly Mottet and Pascal Richard. LeMond was unable to organise the chase, so the group stayed away until the finish. Mottet won the stage, and Leblanc became the new leader in the general classification, with LeMond now in second place.

The thirteenth stage included even more climbs than the twelfth stage. LeMond escaped on the bottom of the Tourmalet, but Indurain chased him and reached him, taking other cyclists with him. Near the top of the Tourmalet, LeMond was unable to follow, and lost contact with the others. After the top, LeMond was able to get back on the descent, but in the meantime Indurain had escaped. LeMond tried to get back to Indurain, but was unable to do so. When they reached the start of the climb of the Col d'Aspin, LeMond was within sight of Indurain, but on the climb Indurain increased the distance.

Claudio Chiappucci had escaped from the chasing group, and was getting close to Indurain. When Indurain heard this, he waited for Chiappucci; they then worked together to get away from LeMond. Chiappucci and Indurain stayed away until the finish; Chiappucci won the stage and Indurain became the new leader. LeMond finished that stage in ninth place, losing more than seven minutes.

The next three stages were relatively flat, and normally no important changes in the general classification are expected. But LeMond did everything he could to win back time, and escaped on the sixteenth stage; finishing in second place, he won back almost half a minute.

The seventeenth stage was in the Alps, with an uphill finish on l'Alpe d'Huez. Gianni Bugno won, closely followed by Indurain. LeMond lost two more minutes this stage. The eighteenth stage was the last mountainous stage, and in this stage LeMond lost almost seven minutes. Indurain was leading the race, three minutes before Gianni Bugno. Because a time trial, Indurain's specialty, was the last serious obstacle in the race, Indurain was almost sure of the victory. And indeed, Indurain won that time trial, so he won the Tour de France of 1991.

In the last stage, there was a crash on the Champs-Élysées, just before the finish, after Djamolidine Abdoujaparov, sprinting for the stage victory, hit a barrier. Abdoujaparov was leading the points classification, but had to finish the stage to win this classification. After fifteen minutes, he was able to get up and walk his bicycle across the finish line.

Classification leadership and minor prizes
There were several classifications in the 1991 Tour de France. The most important was the general classification, calculated by adding each cyclist's finishing times on each stage. The cyclist with the least accumulated time was the race leader, identified by the yellow jersey; the winner of this classification is considered the winner of the Tour.

Additionally, there was a points classification, which awarded a green jersey. In the points classification, cyclists got points for finishing among the best in a stage finish, or in intermediate sprints. The cyclist with the most points lead the classification, and was identified with a green jersey.

There was also a mountains classification. The organisation had categorised some climbs as either hors catégorie, first, second, third, or fourth-category; points for this classification were won by the first cyclists that reached the top of these climbs first, with more points available for the higher-categorised climbs. The cyclist with the most points lead the classification, and wore a white jersey with red polka dots.

The fourth individual classification was the young rider classification, which was not marked by a jersey in 1991. This was decided the same way as the general classification, but only riders under 26 years were eligible.

For the team classification, the times of the best three cyclists per team on each stage were added; the leading team was the team with the lowest total time. The leaders of the team classification had previously worn yellow caps, but this was abandoned after the 1990 Tour.

In addition, there was a combativity award given after each mass-start stage to the cyclist considered most combative. The decision was made by a jury composed of journalists who gave points. The cyclist with the most points from votes in all stages led the combativity classification. Claudio Chiappucci won this classification, and was given overall the super-combativity award. The Souvenir Henri Desgrange was given in honour of Tour founder Henri Desgrange to the first rider to pass the summit of the Col du Tourmalet on stage 13. This prize was won by Chiappucci.

title: 1991 Tour de France


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Talk:Bail (cricket)

I removed the following anonymous, unsourced addition, which seems dubious. If someone can supply a reference, it can be restored.

Origin
Bails were named as such as they were used as deposits to allow players to get out of gaol. The gaol-keeper kept them as security, this meant that the player would be punished for his misdemeanours not by being locked up, but by being unable to participate in cricket matches - no 'bails' meant no game.

Bails were originally manufactured in windmills, where a special attachment was fitted to the sails, and the rotary motion was transmitted through a series of ropes and pullies, to a piece of wood, which was whittled using a corn-sheaf. The is also the origin of the word 'wicket', these too were turned in the windmill, and the sound of the sails going round ('wi-kitt-tay, wi-kitt-tay, wi-kitt-tay') gave rise to the name of the 'stumps' of wood which were used.

-dmmaus 23:06, 8 September 2006 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Bail (cricket)


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Clogging

Clogging, buck dancing, or flatfoot dancing is a type of folk dance practiced in the United States, in which the dancer's footwear is used percussively by striking the heel, the toe, or both against a floor or each other to create audible rhythms, usually to the downbeat with the heel keeping the rhythm.

Clogging is the official state dance of Kentucky and North Carolina.

Antecedents
In the United States, team clogging originated from square dance teams in Asheville, North Carolina's Mountain Dance and Folk Festival (1928), organized by Bascom Lamar Lunsford in the Appalachian region.

The Soco Gap Dancers performed at the White House in 1939, which caused an uptick in the popularity of team clogging.

American Clogging is associated with the predecessor to bluegrass—"old-time" music, which is based on English, and Irish fiddle tunes as well as African American banjo tunes. Clogging primarily developed from Irish step dancing called Sean-nós dance; there were also English, Scottish, German, and Cherokee step dances, as well as African rhythms and movement influences too. It was from clogging that tap dance eventually evolved. Now, many clogging teams compete against other teams for prizes such as money and trophies.

Terminology
The term "buck", as in buck dancing, is traceable to the West Indies and is derived from a Tupi Indian word denoting a frame or hurdle for drying and smoking meat; the original po bockarau or buccaneers were sailors who ate smoked meat and fish after the manner of the Indians. Another source states that the word bockorau can be traced to the "Angolan" word "buckra', and was used to refer to white people, which is disputed. Eventually the term came to describe Irish immigrant sailors whose jig dance was known as 'the buck'."

One source states that buck dancing was the earliest combination of the basic shuffle and tap steps performed to syncopated rhythms in which accents are placed not on the straight beat, as with the jigs, clogs, and other dances of European origin, but on the downbeat or offbeat, a style derived primarily from the rhythms of African tribal music.

Yet another etymology of the word argues that it derives from the word "buck", used as a pejorative term for African American men in the 19th century. Buck dancing was popularized in the United States by minstrel performers in the late 19th century. Many folk festivals and fairs utilize dancing clubs or teams to perform both Buck and regular clogging for entertainment.

title: Clogging


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(C)

An uppercase (C) (parenthetical C) may refer to:
 * Copyright symbol (©)
 * , indicating NSA-controlled cryptographic/classified items
 * , indicating NSA-controlled cryptographic/classified items

title: (C)


text: User talk:69.230.54.194

title: User talk:69.230.54.194


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Mark Aguirre

Mark Anthony Aguirre (born December 10, 1959) is an American former basketball player in the National Basketball Association (NBA). Aguirre was chosen as the first overall pick of the 1981 NBA draft by the Dallas Mavericks after playing three years at DePaul University. Aguirre played in the NBA from 1981 until 1994 and won two championships with the Detroit Pistons after being traded to Detroit from Dallas in exchange for Adrian Dantley. Aguirre was a three-time All-Star for Dallas. Aguirre was inducted into the College Basketball Hall of Fame in 2016.

Early life
Aguirre's mother, Mary, was living in Arkansas when she became pregnant with him at the age of sixteen. She moved to Chicago, Illinois, to be with her family who helped to raise Aguirre. Aguirre did not meet his father until he was aged six.

Aguirre was raised in Chicago and played basketball at playgrounds on the city's west side. He began his high school playing career at Austin High School in Chicago. When his coach was fired, Aguirre transferred to George Westinghouse College Prep where he led the team to the Chicago Public High School League championship during his senior year.

College career
While playing at DePaul University, Aguirre averaged 24.5 points over three seasons with the Blue Demons under coach Ray Meyer. In 1981, Aguirre was The Sporting News and Helms Foundation College Player of the Year. He also was the USBWA College Player of the Year and James Naismith Award winner in 1980, and a two-time member of The Sporting News' All-America first team. As a freshman in 1978–1979, he led the Demons to the Final Four, where they lost to Indiana State, led by future Basketball Hall of Famer Larry Bird.

The Chicago native played alongside Terry Cummings at DePaul, and found himself in the national spotlight during his three years at the university. Aguirre averaged 24.0 points as a freshman in 1978–79, and led the Blue Demons to the NCAA Final Four. Over the next two seasons he scored 26.8 and 23.0 points per game, respectively, and was named College Player of the Year in 1980–81.

1980 US Olympic Team
Aguirre was a member of the 1980 U.S. Olympic basketball team but was unable to compete due to the 1980 Summer Olympics boycott. He did however receive one of 461 Congressional Gold Medals created especially for the spurned athletes.

Aguirre declared for the NBA draft after his junior year at DePaul. The Dallas Mavericks selected him with the first overall pick in the 1981 NBA draft.

Dallas Mavericks (1981–1989)
Aguirre averaged 20 points per game over the course of his 13-year NBA career. He was selected as the first overall pick by the Dallas Mavericks in the 1981 NBA draft and remained with the Mavericks until 1989. In his first season Aguirre was limited to 51 games and averaged 18.7 points, second on the team to Jay Vincent (21.4 ppg). The Mavericks improved by 13 games in the win column and finished ahead of the Utah Jazz, but were still twenty games behind division-leading San Antonio Spurs.

Beginning with the 1982–83 season Aguirre reeled off six straight campaigns in which his average topped 22 points per game. In the first of those seasons he scored 24.4 points per contest, tops on the team and sixth in the league. The Mavericks continued their ascent, bettering their record to 38–44 to finish ahead of Utah and the Houston Rockets in the Midwest Division. During the 1983–84 NBA season Aguirre averaged 29.5 points per game, second in the league to Dantley's 30.6 ppg. He finished the season with 2,330 total points.

Although Aguirre was the Mavericks' main weapon, he was helped by the emergence of Rolando Blackman (22.4 ppg) and the contributions of role players Brad Davis and Pat Cummings. Dallas finished second in the Midwest at 43–39, and the team made its first playoff trip, beating the Seattle SuperSonics in the opening round before losing to the Los Angeles Lakers in the conference semifinals. In each of the next two seasons the Mavericks posted identical 44–38 records. In 1984–85 they made a quick exit from the playoffs, bowing to the Portland Trail Blazers in the first round; in 1985–86 they defeated Utah and then took the Lakers to six games in the conference semifinals. Aguirre averaged 25.7 and 22.6 points for those seasons.

In 1986–87 and 1987–88 he made the All-Star Team and averaged 25.7 and 25.1 points, respectively, during the regular season. The Mavericks won more than 50 games each year. The 1987–88 edition of the franchise went 53–29, beat Houston and the Denver Nuggets in the first two rounds of the postseason, then extended the Lakers to seven games before losing in the Western Conference Finals. It was the longest postseason run in the Mavs' eight-year history. Both Mavericks single-season scoring records still stand. His 13,930 points as a Maverick rank third in the franchise's history, behind Rolando Blackman's 16,643 points and Dirk Nowitzki's 31,560.

While Aguirre's time in Dallas was full of high-scoring efforts and playoff visits, the Mavericks were postseason underachievers (their only Western Conference Finals visit was the 1988 loss to the Lakers), and Aguirre had repeated conflicts with coach Dick Motta and players like Blackman, Derek Harper and James Donaldson. Then-team owner Donald Carter was a huge fan of Aguirre and hoped he would remain in Dallas for his entire career, but eventually conceded that the gulf between Aguirre and the team was unbridgeable. Midway through the 1988–89 season Aguirre was traded to the Detroit Pistons for Adrian Dantley, who was also one of the league's top scorers, and a first round draft pick on February 15, 1989.

Detroit Pistons (1989–1993)
After Aguirre was traded to the team, the Pistons won the NBA title in 1989. Despite not being a lead scoring option like he was in Dallas, Aguirre played a key role in Detroit's championship run, especially in the Eastern Conference Finals against the Chicago Bulls, where he led the team in scoring with 25 points in a narrow Game 3 loss and averaged 13.7 points and 4.8 rebounds over the rest of the six game series. He showed he could blend into a successful team by taking fewer shots, playing hard on defense, and not complaining when his younger teammate Dennis Rodman's minutes increased. In the 1990 playoffs, which culminated with Detroit repeating as champions with a five-game NBA Finals win over Portland, Aguirre averaged 11 points a game.

The following postseason, Aguirre scored his highest postseason total as a Piston, with 34 points in a Game 4 win over the Boston Celtics in the Eastern Conference Semifinals. However, in the following round, the Pistons would be defeated by Michael Jordan and the Bulls, bringing their title defense to a close. Aguirre played two more seasons with the Pistons in an increasingly limited role, due to both Rodman's play and his own age and injury issues.

Los Angeles Clippers (1993–1994)
In 1993, the Pistons released Aguirre. After he cleared waivers the Los Angeles Clippers signed him for $150,000 for a partial campaign in 1993–94. Through the 1993–94 season Aguirre had accumulated 18,458 points for a career average of 20.0 points per game. He retired in 1994.

Personal life
Aguirre has been married to Angela Bowman since January 1988. Aguirre, whose father was from Mexico, at one point considered playing for team Mexico at the 1992 Olympics, and was offered citizenship in an effort to convince him to do so.

Honors

 * Aguirre was inducted into the College Basketball Hall of Fame in 2016.
 * Aguirre's #24 was retired by the DePaul Blue Demons.

title: Mark Aguirre


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Galoot

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was keep. I counted 2 valid keep votes, 2 valid wiktionary votes. --Tony Sidaway Talk 11:06, 4 August 2005 (UTC)

Galoot
Completing a VfD started by Matt.whitby. Looks like a candidate for Wiktionary. I abstain. Tobycat 18:24, 21 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, but make it less like a dictionary entry. There is relevant information on the hobby of collecting used handtools which is not necessarily dictionary content. --InformationalAnarchist 18:27, 21 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Transwiki to Wiktionary. As for collecting, the phenomenon is certainly notable, as a type of human behavior. However, specific types of collecting are not, IMO, individually encyclopedic. Or do we think collecting vaseline glass or porcelain pigs is encyclopedic? Ken 03:41, July 22, 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment: Galoot is dictdef. An article on just the Internet community, "Handtool Galoot" or some such, would encyclopedic. Peter Grey 15:33, 22 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Wiktionary it's essentially a dicdef. JamesBurns 03:15, 23 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Keep, but make it less like a dictionary entry. There is relevant information on the hobby of collecting used handtools which is not necessarily dictionary content.

 * Keep. This seems like more than a dic-def to me.--Pharos 00:55, 28 July 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Galoot


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Talk:Repeat – The Best of Jethro Tull – Vol II

Fair use rationale for Image:JethroTullRepeatVol2.jpg
Image:JethroTullRepeatVol2.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.BetacommandBot 07:12, 5 June 2007 (UTC)


text:
Talk:Best of The Doobies

Fair use rationale for Image:DBBOTD.jpg
Image:DBBOTD.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in Wikipedia articles constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.BetacommandBot 23:09, 2 June 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:DBBOTD.jpg
Image:DBBOTD.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images lacking such an explanation can be deleted one week after being tagged, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot (talk) 06:55, 1 January 2008 (UTC)

title: Talk:Best of The Doobies


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Switch lightning

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was Delete --Allen3 talk 13:58, August 3, 2005 (UTC)

Switch lightning
Google's never heard of it, and we don't even have an article for the game this is based on. humblefool®Have you voted in the CSD poll yet? 18:26, 21 July 2005 (UTC)

I am a father of two young boys and playing Lightning at the local park is their favorite pastime. Switch Lightning sounds like a thoroughly enjoyable game, not to mention all the extra exercise they'll get! I'm going to recommend it to my kids. I know I won't have trouble getting them to go to bed at night after a few rounds of Switch Lightning.

The game has seen quite a following in our little community. We started playing this game a few summers ago, and from time to time ,driving by the park, we see kids weve never even met before playing this game.
 * I'm glad you enjoy the game, but for a game to be included in Wikipedia it needs to be verifiable from independant sources and played by a somewhat larger group of people. - Mgm|(talk) 20:46, July 21, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete unless evidence of notability (eg, discussion or coverage of the sport in a major media outlet) is presented. -- Infrogmation 16:03, 22 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete notability not established. JamesBurns 03:14, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Doesn't seem notable, this is probably a very local thing.  It would be nice if we had a Wikicities for all of these interesting little games and sports that pop up every so often.--Pharos 01:00, 28 July 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Ousanas

Ousanas (fl. 320) was a King of Axum. Stuart Munro-Hay believes that it is "very likely" that Ousanas is the king to whom Aedesius and Frumentius were brought. In Eritrean and Ethiopian tradition, this king is called Ella Allada or Ella Amida. Ella Amida would then be his throne name, although Ousanas is the name that appears on his coins. If this identification is correct, then it was during his reign that Christianity was introduced to Axum and the surrounding territories.

Ousanas may have had a "relatively long reign" and campaigned in Nubia. It is also possible that he was briefly ousted by Wazeba, a usurper.

W.R.O. Hahn, in a study published in 1983, identifies Sembrouthes, who is known only from an inscription found in Daqqi Mahari in modern Eritrea, with Ousanas. If correct, this would give Ousanas a reign of at least 27 years.

Axumite regnal lists and alternate names
Ethiopian tradition credits Abreha and Atsbeha with being the first Christian kings of the country. They were likely based on the brothers Ezana and Saizana, sons of Ousanas. The name of the father and regnal predecessor of Abreha and Atsbeha varies between sources. Ousanas has been known as either Ameda/Ella Ameda, Tazer and/or Sayfa Arad depending on the text or regnal list.

Ousanas appears on several regnal lists under the name of "Ameda" or "Ela Amida". Lists recorded by Pedro Páez, Henry Salt and E. A. Wallis Budge place king "Ameda" as the thirtieth to reign after Bazen (c. 8 BC–9 AD E.C.) and state that he reigned for either 30 years and 8 months or 40 years and 8 months.

Another king that named on regnal lists is "Tazer", who appears as the predecessor of Abreha and Atsbeha on a list recorded by Carlo Conti Rossini. According to a book titled Gedle Abreha and Asbeha from the Church of Abreha wa-Atsbeha, Tazer was the father of Abreha and Atsbeha and his wife was Sofya, therefore it is likely that Tazer is the same person as Ousanas.

According to Rossini's list, king Tazer's throne name was "Sayfa Ared". The Tarika Nagast (History of Kings) additionally claims that the father of Abreha and Atsbeha was king Sayfa-Ar'ed. A king of this name is listed on different regnal lists recorded by Páez and James Bruce, but not as Abreha and Atsbeha's direct predecessor.

Coinage
Several types of coins were minted during the reign of Ousanas: one type in gold, four in silver, and two in copper. All but one of the copper issues are distinguished from his later namesake by a disc and crescent above the head of the king, symbols of the Sun-goddess Shams and the Moon-god Sin.

Munro-Hay has described the unique gold piece minted during his reign as evidence that "the Aksumite die-cutters reached the zenith of their accomplishment". He speculates that Ousanas' predecessor had recruited expert die-cutters "perhaps from Alexandria, where the current coinage resembled that produced at Aksum", and others followed as late as Ousanas' reign.

Coins with the name of this ruler were found in the late 1990s at archaeological sites in India. The coins of Ousanas were lighter than those of his predecessors, likely due to Roman emperor Constantine I transferring lighter gold coins to the Eastern Roman Empire.

Coins of Ousanas usually bear the following inscriptions:
 * Obverse: "OYCANAC ΒΑϹΙΛΕΥϹ" – "King Ousanas".
 * Reverse: "AξωMITωNBI CIΓICENE" – "of the Aksumites, man of Gisene".

Some copper coins have an alternate reverse inscription:
 * "Aξ+ ωMI" – "[of the] Aksum[ites]".

title: Ousanas


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Francesco Carracci

Francesco Carracci (1595 – 3 June 1622) was an Italian painter and engraver, and nephew of the more famous Agostino Carracci.

Life
Carracci was the son of Giovanni Antonio Carracci, in Bologna,1595. His father was a brother of Agostino and Annibale Carracci. Francesco was a youth of great talent and promise. He was taught by Ludovico, cousin of Agostino, in the Academy of the Incamminati, but left the school to start one in opposition to his teacher, calling it the "True School of the Carracci". Like the other members of the Carracci family he taught, engraved, and painted. His Adoration in the Church of Santa Maria Maggiore, Bologna, is not only his masterpiece but an excellent piece of vigorous painting. The "True School" was not a success, and, his students left him, Francesco went to Rome and made another attempt to found an academy, only to fail again. He left a few engravings after the works of Lodovico and Annibale. He died in abject poverty in Rome, 1622.

title: Francesco Carracci


text:
Raymond Kvisvik

Raymond Kvisvik (born 8 November 1974) is a Norwegian former professional footballer who played as a winger. He is most noted for his spells at Brann, but he did also play for Moss, Austria Wien and Fredrikstad. Kvisvik won the Norwegian Cup with Brann in 2004 and with Fredrikstad in 2006. He was capped eleven times for Norway scoring two goals.

Club career
Hailing from Greåker outside Sarpsborg, Kvisvik started his professional career at Moss in 1997, before he transferred to Brann in June 1998. In his Brann-debut, Kvisvik scored the equalizing goal in the 1–1 draw against Lillestrøm and he was given much of the honor when Brann avoided relegation in the 1998 season. He was also a part of the team that lost the Final of the 1999 Norwegian Cup and finished second in the 2000 Tippeligaen. Kvisvik and his teammate at Brann, Thorstein Helstad, joined Austria Wien for a combined fee of 16 million NOK in July 2002. Kvisvik returned to Brann after a season in Austria, and was once again credited for saving Brann from relegation during the 2003 season. After winning the 2004 Norwegian Cup with Brann, Kvisvik joined Fredrikstad in July 2005. When Fredrikstad won 3–0 in the 2006 Norwegian Cup Final against Sandefjord, Kvisvik assisted all of Fredrikstad's goals.

After Kvisvik left Fredrikstad in 2009, Kvisvik has continued to play football at lower levels, for Kvik Halden in the 2. divisjon, Sarpsborg FK and Greåker in the 5. Divisjon.

International career
Kvisvik was included in a Norway national team for the first time in January 2000. He subsequently made his debut against Denmark when he played seven minutes as a substitute. After scoring goals in the friendly matches against Bahrain and Kuwait in January 2005, Kvisvik became a regular in Åge Hareide's national team.

Personal life
In July 2006, Kvisvik launched a single, This Is For Real, together with four other professional Norwegian footballers – Morten Gamst Pedersen, Freddy dos Santos, Kristofer Hæstad, and Øyvind Svenning. They call their band The Players.

Kvisvik has also played for the Norway national floorball team (four games), and has won the Norwegian championships four times with Greåker Bulldogs.

Raymond Kvisvik is one of the few footballers in the world, together with the likes of David Beckham and Cristiano Ronaldo, who has his own brand of perfume. It is called "Super-Ray", and it is now out of production. Kvisvik had the idea for the perfume together with a mate from his hometown Greåker, after they had drunk some pints at the local pub called Olavs pub.

In November 2006, Kvisvik was included in the Norway team for the 2006 European Futsal Championship. Norway was eliminated in the quarter-final against Belgium, and Kvisvik scored two of the goals in the 3–6 defeat.

Club

 * Norwegian Cup: 2004, 2006
 * Austrian Bundesliga: 2002–03
 * Austrian Cup: 2002–03
 * Austrian Supercup: 2002–03

Individual

 * SK Brann player of the year: 2001, 2003

title: Raymond Kvisvik


text: User talk:130.63.18.226

title: User talk:130.63.18.226


text: User talk:70.104.139.101

title: User talk:70.104.139.101


text:
1840 in archaeology

Below are notable events in archaeology that occurred in 1840.

Explorations

 * John Lloyd Stephens and Frederick Catherwood explore ruins of the Maya civilization including Quiriguá, Q'umarkaj, Palenque, and Uxmal.

Publications

 * Charles Roach Smith - Collectanea Antiqua, vol. 1.

Finds

 * Cuerdale Hoard discovered by stoneworkers in Lancashire, England.

Births

 * February 7 - Charles Warren, British Biblical archaeologist (d. 1927)
 * March 26 - George Smith, British Assyriologist (d. 1876)
 * August 6 - Adolph Francis Alphonse Bandelier, Swiss-born New World archaeologist (d. 1914)

title: 1840 in archaeology


text:
Thomas Lawton

Thomas Lawton (c. 1558 – 1606) was an English barrister and judge who briefly sat in the House of Commons in the year 1584 and from 1604 to 1606.

Lawton was the third son of John Lawton of Church Lawton, and his wife Margaret Dutton, daughter of Fulke Dutton of Chester. He was educated at St Alban Hall, Oxford in 1575 and entered Inner Temple in 1576. He was called to the bar in 1584. In 1584, he was elected Member of Parliament for the newly enfranchised seat of Callington.

Lawton practised as a lawyer in London and became Bencher of Inner Temple in 1597 and Autumn Reader in 1600. By 1602 he was recorder of Chester. In 1604 he was elected MP for Chester. Lawton died intestate in 1606.

title: Thomas Lawton


text: User talk:83.109.188.122

title: User talk:83.109.188.122


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Implementation process

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was Delete --Allen3 talk 13:56, August 3, 2005 (UTC)

Implementation process
Seems to be a promotion for Evolus ERP, not that I know what that is, but it produces few google hits. Delete. --Joel7687 18:32, 21 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. --R.Koot 20:29, 21 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Straight advertising.  (Why are so many obscure business practices spamming Wikipedia?) --Several Times 20:30, 21 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, unless someone can confirm that this is not original research. If it actually is a term, redirect to Enterprise resource planning, which'll be what the ERP stands for. -Splash 18:23, 22 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. This may be useful general article sometimes but it is only spam now. Do not redirect. Pavel Vozenilek 23:39, 22 July 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
List of historical reenactment events

This is a list of historical reenactment events.

Germany

 * Zeitreise Fulda

Italy

 * Federicus

Netherlands

 * Battle of Grolle

Poland

 * Battle of Grunwald reenactment

Russian Federation

 * Battle of Borodino (Borodino Museum, Mozhaysky district, Moscow oblast)
 * Bylinniy bereg (Kimry, Tver oblast).
 * Defense of Moscow (Borodino Museum, Mozhaysky district, Moscow oblast)
 * Doushonovo Festival (Doushonovo Manoeuvres)

South Africa

 * Battle of Blood River
 * Battle of Isandlwana
 * Battle of Majuba Hill

Spain

 * Battle of Almansa reenactment

United Kingdom

 * Eglinton Tournament of 1839
 * Largs Viking Festival Battle of Largs
 * War and Peace Revival
 * Whitehall Parade, London, commemorating the execution of King Charles I (The King's Army) 28 January 2007

Military

 * Battle of Averasborough, North Carolina
 * Battle of Bentonville, North Carolina
 * Battle of Chancellorsville, Virginia
 * Battle of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania
 * Battle of the Little Bighorn, Montana
 * Battle of Olustee, Florida
 * Battle of Waynesboro, Virginia
 * Big Cypress Shootout, Florida
 * Boston Massacre, reenactment in Oak Glen, California
 * Camp Harding, Pennsylvania
 * D-Day Conneaut, Ohio
 * Numerous events at Fort Ticonderoga, New York
 * Assault on Fort Ontario "Something Wicked This Way Comes"  Oswego, NY
 * Poland Through the Ages: A Living History Faire Fountainville, PA

Renaissance fairs

 * Alabama Renaissance Faire, Alabama
 * Arizona Renaissance Festival, Arizona
 * Bristol Renaissance Faire, Wisconsin
 * Carolina Renaissance Festival, North Carolina
 * Georgia Renaissance Festival, Georgia
 * Kansas City Renaissance Festival, Kansas
 * Kentucky Highland Renaissance Festival, Kentucky
 * King Richard's Faire, Massachusetts
 * Koroneburg Renaissance Festival, California
 * Louisiana Renaissance Festival, Louisiana
 * Maryland Renaissance Festival, Maryland
 * Michigan Renaissance Festival, Michigan
 * Middlefaire, Texas
 * Minnesota Renaissance Festival, Minnesota
 * New York Renaissance Faire, New York
 * Ohio Renaissance Festival, Ohio
 * Pennsylvania Renaissance Faire, Pennsylvania
 * Pittsburgh Renaissance Festival, Pennsylvania
 * Renaissance Pleasure Faire of Southern California, California
 * Scarborough Renaissance Festival, Texas
 * Sterling Renaissance Festival, New York
 * Texas Renaissance Festival, Texas
 * Virginia Renaissance Faire, Virginia
 * Wicked Winter Renaissance Faire, New Jersey

Rendezvous

 * Spirit of Vincennes Rendezvous, Indiana
 * Feast of the Hunter's Moon  West Lafayette, Indiana
 * Bridgeton Mountain Man Rendezvous  Bridgeton, Indiana
 * Southwestern Regional Rendezvous, Arkansas
 * Rocky Mountain National Rendezvous, location changes year to year (past events held in MT, CO, WY)
 * Colonial Faire (http://www.rileysfarm.com/faire) Oak Glen, California
 * Gathering at Garst  Greenville, Ohio
 * Feast of the Strawberry Moon  Grand Rapids, Michigan
 * Gathering at the Crossing Cayuga, Indiana
 * Woolaroc 1840’S Mountain Man Camp  Bartlesville, Oklahoma
 * Paiute Mountain Rendezvous, California
 * Joliet Muzzleloaders Spring Rendezvous, Illinois

Colonial/Frontier Fairs and Markets

 * Colonial Market Days  Lebanon, Indiana
 * Fair at New Boston, Ohio
 * Colonial Market & Fair  Mount Vernon, Virginia
 * Kalamazoo Living History Show Kalamazoo, Michigan
 * The 18th Century Colonial Trade Fair at Wolf Creek Loudonville, Ohio

Other

 * 1940's World War II Era Ball, Colorado
 * Victorian Day in Historic Grand Ledge, Michigan
 * The Palace Garden Party   Colonial Williamsburg, Virginia
 * Living History Weekend, Fort Ligonier, Pennsylvania
 * Revolutionary War Living History Weekend, Pennsylvania
 * Numerous events at Fort Ticonderoga, New York
 * Revolutionary War Weekend, Mount Vernon, Virginia
 * History Alive at Fort Piqua, Ohio
 * River Through Time Coldwater, Michigan
 * Stone's Trace Historical Society Pioneer Festival Ligonier, Indiana
 * River of Time Bay City, Michigan
 * Apple Festival of Kendallville  Kendallville, Indiana
 * Johnny Appleseed Festival  Fort Wayne, Indiana
 * Fort Harrod Settlement & Raid   Harrodsburg, Kentucky

title: List of historical reenactment events


text:
Splatter

Splatter may refer to:

 * Blood splatter
 * Spectral splatter, radio electronics and acoustics
 * Splatter cone, a type of volcano
 * Splatter guard
 * Splatter painting

Entertainment

 * Splatter film, horror film genre with excessive bloody gore
 * Splatter Farm (1986)
 * Splatter Beach (2006)
 * Splatter Theatre, comedy play
 * Splatters, a Buckethead album

title: Splatter


text: User talk:128.243.21.225

title: User talk:128.243.21.225


text:
File:JohnnyCashWithHisHotAndBlueGuitar.jpg

Fair use in With His Hot and Blue Guitar
Though this image is subject to copyright, its use is covered by the U.S. fair use laws because:
 * 1) It's a low resolution copy of a CD/album cover.
 * 2) It doesn't limit the copyright owner's rights to sell the CD/album in any way, in fact, it may encourage sales.
 * 3) Because of the low resolution, copies could not be used to make illegal copies of the album artwork on another CD.
 * 4) The image is itself a subject of discussion in the article or used in the infobox thereof.
 * 5) The image on the cover is significant because it was made by a famous artist.

Source

 * 1) Derived from a digital capture (scan/photo) of the album/CD cover (creator of this digital version is irrelevant as the copyright in all equivalent images is still held by the same party). Copyright held by the record company or the artist. Claimed as fair use regardless.


text: User talk:84.141.137.6

title: User talk:84.141.137.6


text:
Sudhindranath Dutta

Sudhindranath Dutta (30 October 1901 – 25 June 1960) was an Indian poet, essayist, journalist and critic. Sudhindranath is one of the most notable poets after the Tagore-era in Bengali literature.

Education
Sudhindranath Dutt went to the Theosophical High School in Varanasi between 1914 and 1917, and later attended the Oriental Seminary in Kolkata. Later he graduated from the Scottish Church College. He later studied law at the Law College (1922–1924), while also simultaneously preparing for his finals for an MA in English literature from the University of Calcutta. However, he did not complete a degree (MA or a law degree) in either subject.

Career
Born to the renowned lawyer Hirendranath Dutta, and Indumati Vasu Mallik, sister of Raja Subodh Chandra Vasu Mallik, Sudhindranath became an apprentice under his father's supervision. He did not obtain a formal law degree. He married Chhabi Basu in 1924.

He started publishing Parichay, a literary magazine which heralded his philosophy, in 1931 and carried on with the job till 1943, when he left following ideological battle with his associates, but supplied funds nevertheless. He was also associated with Sabujpatra, another noted literary magazine of the era, which was edited by eminent story-writer of the era, Pramatha Chaudhury. He worked also as a journalist for The Statesman from 1945 to 1949. He was also associated with the daily The Forward, then edited by Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose, as the organ of All India Forward Bloc. He had also worked for several companies such as Light of Asia Insurance Company from 1930 to 1933, ARP from 1942 to 1945, DVC from 1949 to 1954, and Institute of Public Opinion from 1954 to 1956.

He was a part-time lecturer of Comparative Literature in Jadavpur University from 1956 to 1957. In 1957, he left for his final foreign trip and toured Japan and Europe before moving to United States of America to join University of Chicago to write his autobiography in English. However he left the lucrative job midway and returned home to rejoin Jadavpur University to resume his classes of Comparative Literature, which he continued till his death.

Trivia
Sudhindranath Dutta believed that hard work is what is needed for creating art, and the embattled nature of his poetry contrasted with that of the romantic poetry of Jibanananda Das. When Jibanananda Das's poetry notebooks were printed, Dutt commented after seeing the great number of corrections and deletions in the notebooks "Oh, then the natural poets are also unnatural poets, like me!"

Perhaps his most famous line is the widely quoted one from his poem Utpakhi (The ostrich): "অন্ধ হলে কি প্রলয় বন্ধ থাকে? Transliteration: (Andha halē ki pralaẏa bandha thākē?)

Translation: Does the tempest halt for the sake of your blindness?"

Literary analysis : In the words of Buddhadev Bose
• From An Acre of Green Grass The majority of our modern poets have welcomed the prose poem, but two have stood firmly against it, both in theory and practice, Sudhindranath Dutta and Annadasankar Ray. It is well worth saying here that the two, in two different worlds, are great artificers in prose: Sudhindranath's critical essays are an illumination, and Annadasankar, in his fiction and belles-lettres, is a writer of beautiful prose. He began as ardently in verse as in prose, but turned more and more to the sumptuousness of the latter, and for some years wrote no verse, or all but none. His recent appearance in the sphere of limericks, clerihews and doggerels is a joyful event: for he is master of light verse, and light verse is not necessarily slight. Annadasankar has effected that marriage between poetry and wit which is at once so happy and rare; he has the secret of turning topical comments to an art, and his fun ranges from the 'People's War' to mosquito-bites. That rippling, dancing lightness which marks his prose also animates all the verse he has written, and has led him to rediscover the chhada, the measure of our old ballads and nursery rhymes. Sudhindranath Dutta is altogether different. There is nothing in him that is happy or light or sparkling; all is dark, darkly and bitterly passionate. There is a profound unity in all his poems; each is a part of a larger whole, and that whole larger than the sum of his poems. Poem after poem, he is working on a theme, expounding and elaborating it, repeating and correcting himself. His first mature work, Orchestra, is in some way a unique book in our language. It is a book of love poems, not the mystical love of the Vaishnavas, nor the idyllic love of Rabindranath's Ksanika, but a blind, violent and terrible love, born and bound in the body, without relief, release or hope of release. The poems have an unprecedented setting; for the lover is blase' and past his prime, and the mistress a young foreigner whose country is the place of action. The moment of time is when the lovers have been separated -- irrevocably; and the whole drama, seen and revealed through memory, is charged with an anguish and a fury that the poet strains every nerve to hold in leash. It is characteristic, and also a measure, of Sudhindranath's powers that, in these poems, he has combined the passionateness of youth with the contemplation of maturity. Separation, in Indian poetry, is traditionally sweet and serene, and even a channel of grace; but to this poet, separation is infernal and serenity death. yet this has not made of him an youthful idolater of the flesh; his is a mind that can see the clay in the idol, though not the symbol in the clay; a mind brave and self-reliant, desperately holding on to the ceremony of the intellect when all his world appears to be doomed. Orchestra is breathless with pain, the pain of memory which the poet can neither bear nor bear to think that time will deaden; it is 'heavy with the burden of Fate', for the present is dead and the future lightless, the only reality being the past, red with the flames of memory. the poems have caught the glow: they are as living as the love they describe.

Sudhindranath Dutta appeared on the literary scene rather late in life. His equipment was enviable, his discipline exemplary. His splendid poems were not an immediate 'success' -- for it is not easy to fall in love with them at first sight -- and the recognition he deserves has not yet come to him. He, too, has been blamed for obscurity, and mentioned in the same breath with Bishnu Dey, though the two have little in common. Sudhindranath, far from being obscure, is a model of lucidity, in as much as he does his best to give his verse a prose-like regularity. He is ratiocinative, and delights in pursuing an argument from point to point, and from stanza to stanza, right to its logical conclusion. Indeed, I should rather find fault with him for being, on occasions, too logical, too conclusive, and making a poem, with an array of `although's, `therefore's and `yet's, almost like an Euclidean proposition. The only difficulty we are likely to encounter in him is a highly Sanskritic vocabulary, and here it is not the words that so much trouble us as their connotations, for he often uses some word in its original Sanskrit sense, a sense lost to Bengali, or coins new forms from old, well-known roots, and that for a very good reason. His aim being to charge words with maximum meaning and reduce their number, he is not to be blamed if the current Bengali vocabulary does not suffice him. On the contrary, he is to be praised for the directness he has brought to our language, for the number of vital words and compounds he has coined, for his having made us newly and differently aware of the riches of Sanskrit, and lastly, for his effective harmonization of the commonest idioms and a classical diction, of dramatic declamation and meandering soliloquy.

Rabindranath once wrote of him in a letter :

"I know Sudhindra Datta's poetry from its beginning, and have grown rather partial to it. One reason for this is that it has taken much of its shape, and that quite unhesitantly, from my work. Yet its nature is entirely his own. His individuality, free from arrogance, has never neglected to make acknowledgements to the proper sources. This courage comes from power. "

The above is aptly said, for Sudhindranath gleans freely from Tagorean harvests, not, like Bishnu Dey, archly, self-consciously or with implied sarcasm, but in a straightforward manner, never trying to conceal what is true for him and each of his contemporaries, that Rabindranath lives in him. He does not have to employ any startling or oblique means to show that he is unlike Rabindranath; often has he allowed Tagorean utterances to be heard through his voice, and yet his difference is throughout irresistible; his individuality, uniformly and totally beyond question.

•Exctract from Modern Bengali Prose :

A singular figure in our recent speculative prose is Sudhindranath Datta, the poet, Svagata (the title, meaning 'Soliloquies', is at once a challenge and a confession), a collection of essays in literary criticism and his only prose book so far, gives the impression that the author, aware like the others of the inequality of the spirit and the medium, the subject-matter and the language, refused, unlike the others, to adopt any evasive, though practically effective strategy, but thought out each sentence completely in English, translating it, almost word for word, into a rich and fabulous Bengali. I say fabulous, for this apparently impossible task he could achieve only by sacrificing lucidity and all manner of 'surface' attraction, by bewildering the reader with Sanskrit words unheard in Bengali, technical terms of Hindu metaphysics, old words in new senses and, finally, words of his own coinage. There is not the least deviation or compromise; the sentences, strained to the utmost for attaining a directness and a precision not natural to Bengali, are in structure as involved and elaborate a they would be in English, though necessarily heavier. But what matter if they grow heavier still? Sudhindranath is out to have all his say: he does not leave out a subject, or a thought, nor even a slight modification of it because it 'just won't go' in Bengali, a form of compromise we can discern in both Pramatha Chaudhuri and Annadasankar.

This prose, produced cerebrally with almost a foreigner's fastidiousness might, in effect, appear to be the work of a highly gifted European who has taken the trouble of studying first Sanskrit and then Bengali, and the additional trouble of speaking out his mind on European and Bengali literatures in the comparatively insufficient language of the latter. But this is only appearance, for in reality Sudhindranath, as in his verse, blends a rigidly Sanskrit diction with common spoken idioms, some of which cannot even be suggested in English. This blending vitalizes his work but by no means relaxes the tension of thought. What makes his prose look 'foreign' is that, unlike his verse, it is untraditional; neither Pramatha Chaudhuri whom he ardently admires, nor Rabindranath whom, this side idolatry, he worships, is its moulder or starting point, or if so, he has concealed the fact so well as to make a complete denial. He gives us a new prose, or a new mode of prose, sombre, ponderous, of a compactness not known before, an enhancer, we might say, not only of the potency of our language, but also our own capacity for abstract thinking. For language modifies thought as much as thought organizes language; the more words we have, the more variously we learn to use them, the better we can think. Bengali as I have already implied, is in its present stage practically debarred from certain abstract subjects; Sudhindranath, at least, has shown a way. It is a way he has found, but not traversed; he has worked hard to forge new implements but not long enough to devise new means. Here and there in his prose we come upon sparks to ignite our mind, exquisite, memorable, quotable phrases and sentences; yet on the whole he makes us wrestle too much, sends us too often to the voluminous dictionaries, confounds us too frequently with an almost mathematical compression; and although the few who have submitted themselves to the hardship of unravelling him have been amply repaid, the great majority of readers have not been disposed to follow suit. Some other writer or writers, it is likely, will, in the near future, use him as a base, modify, extend and adapt this new mode so as to combine its advantages with the primary quality of ease which Sudhindranath admires but lacks. He would have done it himself if, like Atulchandra Gupta, he had not practically abandoned writing.

Collected poetry

 * Tanvi(1930), M..Sarkar &Sons
 * Orchestra(1935), Bharati Bhavan
 * Krandashee(1937), Bharati Bhavan
 * Uttar Falgunee (1940), Parichay Press
 * Sangbarto (1953) Signet Press
 * Pratiddhani (1954) Signet Press
 * Dashamee (1956) Signet Press.

Collected essays
Title page of the first edition of Swagata
 * Svagato, Bharati Bhavan

 * Svagato (1957) New changed version from Signet Press
 * Kulay O Kaalpurush, (1957), Signet Press.

title: Sudhindranath Dutta


text:
1833 in archaeology

1833 in archaeology

Publications

 * Juan Galindo publishes first mention of Maya site of Yaxchilan

Finds

 * Mold cape discovered in Wales
 * Ice age decorated harpoon and engraving found in Haute-Savoie
 * Ram Khamhaeng Inscription discovered by Prince Mongkut of Thailand

Births

 * March 17 - Charles Edwin Wilbour, American Egyptologist and writer (d. 1896)
 * July 14 - Alfred Biliotti, Italian Levantine British consular officer and archaeologist (d. 1915)
 * July 26 - Alexander Henry Rhind, Scottish Egyptologist (d. 1863)

title: 1833 in archaeology


text: User talk:71.9.2.207

title: User talk:71.9.2.207


text:
Zoskales

Zoskales (Ζωσκάλης) (c. 1st Century) was a King of the Kingdom of Aksum.

History
In the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, Zoskales is described as the only ruler of the region between Ptolemais Theron on the Sudanese coast and the rest of Barbaria. He was described as a miserly person but otherwise upright and had a Greek education.

At least as early as Henry Salt, some scholars, including Sergew Hable Sellassie and Y. M. Kobishchanov, have identified him with Za Haqala, who is listed in the King Lists of the Kingdom of Aksum as having ruled for 13 years, and who ruled between Za Zalis and Za Dembalé. The identification of Zoskales with Za Haqala is unlikely given the kings list post-dates the periplus by well over a thousand years. G.W.B. Huntingford points out, on the other hand, that there is not enough information to be certain of this identification. He argues instead that Zoskales was a petty king whose power was limited to only Adulis. It was initially assumed that Zoskales was not a king of Aksum because the periplus does not specifically refer to him as a king of Aksum, but instead mentions him in the context of the commerce of Adulis. George Hatke concludes that a realm as vast as Zoskales would likely have been based in the more fertile highlands where Aksum was situated rather than in Adulis. This is because the coastal plain of Eritrea, which is around 40-60 km wide, is mostly unsuitable for agriculture to support a state as extensive as Zoskales realm. Zoskales likely maintained various residences across his realm and regularly stayed at each, a practice common among kings in history, such as medieval Ethiopian monarchs.

title: Zoskales


text:
Talk:Jews Against Circumcision

What is the pervcentage of Jews who do not circumcise their boys?

 * Sorry, I don't think that any statistics are available. - Jakew 12:01, 22 July 2005 (UTC)

Well, many Rabbis I know would say that anone who fails to obey the covenant isn't a Jew, so the percentage would be zero.

 * That's not quite correct. An uncircumcised Jew is considered an uncircumcised Jew, and remaining uncircumcised is considered a sin but not a revocation of one's membership of the Jewish people. Have you actually asked the rabbis you are referring to? JFW | T@lk  02:29, 17 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Oh, and you forgot that the question was "what is the percentage of Jews". The fathers may themselves be circumcised, and not circumcising their sons may be a sin but again no grounds for revocation of Jewish status. JFW | T@lk  02:31, 17 August 2005 (UTC)

Merge with Brit Shalom
I think it's a bit much to have separate articles here. Both are only three lines, and although both can be expanded, either Brit Shalom should be merged here, or vice-versa. --jnothman talk 12:16, 31 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Agree. I'll put it to VfD. - Jakew 13:05, August 31, 2005 (UTC)

I've added brit shalom to the VFD. Neither seem to be viable. JFW | T@lk  22:02, 31 August 2005 (UTC)

— J I P | Talk 08:46, 11 September 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Jews Against Circumcision


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Headline Daily

Headline Daily is a free weekday mass-market newspaper in Hong Kong. It was launched on 12 July 2005, by the Sing Tao group, as the territory's second free Chinese-language newspaper, after Metro Daily. Coverage includes local and international news, business, entertainment, lifestyle and sports. Soon after launch, it had a daily circulation of around 900,000-1,000,000.

Market positioning
Sing Tao News Corporation launched Headline Daily to increase its market share of the territory's advertising market and to explore a new source of income for the corporation.

Distribution
Copies are distributed during morning peak hours from Monday to Friday, except on public holidays. It is available at more than 600 locations, mostly unmanned, including McDonald's restaurants, KCR stations (except Tsim Sha Tsui East, Tai Wai, Racecourse and Sheung Shui stations), and nearly 500 residential estates. The paper is also available at more than 100 fixed or non-fixed spots, including commercial buildings, bus/minibus stops and shopping malls around Hong Kong.

Readership and circulation
The newspaper targets the working population, keeping stories focused on main points only.

In August 2005, Headline Daily was the leading free paper in Hong Kong, with a circulation of 893,000 (18% market share), ahead of Metropolis Daily (820,000, a 16% share) and am730 (401,000, an 8% share), according to a survey by Synovate.

Contents
"Headline Daily" aims to concisely present the most important news of the day, drawing on news sources it shares with Sing Tao Daily. It usually has around 24 to 30 pages with a layout similar to the following formats:

 * Headlines (i.e. coverpage; with daily information such as Mark Six Result, Activities of the Day, Lunar Calendar and Weather Forecast)
 * Local News (with critics)
 * China News
 * International news
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 * Tabloid Newspaper War in Hong Kong – Asia Review, James Borton.
 * Hong Kong's Newspaper Wars – Tabloid Titans Battle For First Place – JINN, Coral Hui.

title: Headline Daily


text:
GDRT

GDRT (also GDR, vocalized by historians as Gadarat) was a King of the Kingdom of Aksum (c. 200), known for being the first king to involve Aksum in South Arabian affairs. He is known primarily from inscriptions in South Arabia that mention him and his son BYGT (also vocalized as "Beyga" or "Beygat"). GDRT is thought to be the same person as GDR, the name inscribed on a bronze wand or sceptre that was found in an area near Atsbi and Dar'a/Addi-Galamo in northern Ethiopia.

GDRT has been equated with the anonymous king of the Monumentum Adulitanum, which would date his reign c. 200 – c. 230. However, the two rulers are usually thought to be distinct. Further, the French scholar Christian Robin, studying the inscriptions at al-Mis`al in Yemen, has shown that GDRT and his successor `DBH lived in the earlier half of the 3rd century.

Aksumite inscription
The inscriptions of GDR represent the oldest surviving royal inscriptions in the Ge'ez alphabet. The oldest of these was found at Addi-Galamo in the regions of Atsbi and Dar'a in eastern Tigray Region in northern Ethiopia. The area is rich in pre-Aksumite artifacts, and inscriptions of a pre-Aksumite kingdom called Dʿmt have been found in the region. The inscription mentioning GDR is the only evidence of his existence from the western side of the Red Sea:

 * gdr / ngśy / ʾksm / tbʿl / mzlt / lʾrg / wllmq

The Addi Galamo inscription was written on a sceptre or "boomerang-like object"; the linguist A.J. Drewes therefore interprets mzlt as meaning a sceptre or royal emblem. The inscription's meaning is uncertain, but if mzlt is taken to mean a sceptre, and ʾrg and lmq are taken to be place names (or sanctuaries), then, according to Alexander Sima, the text could mean "GDR, king of Aksum gave (this) sceptre into the possession of (the sanctuaries) ʾRG and LMQ." The South Arabian expert W.F. Albert Jamme, however, translates the inscription as "GDR king of Aksum occupied the passages of `RG and LMQ", or "Gedara, King of Axum is humbled before the [gods] Arg and Almouqah," (i.e. Almaqah or Ilmuqah), assuming that the ʾ in Ilmuqah was assimilated.

South Arabian involvement
GDRT is first mentioned in South Arabian inscriptions as an ally of `Alhan Nahfan, king of Saba, in an inscription at Maḥram Bilqīs, at Ma'rib in Yemen, the temple of the moon god Almaqah /Ilmuqah. According to Stuart Munro-Hay, the inscription reads "they agreed together that their war and their peace should be in unison, against anyone that might rise up against them, and that in safety and in security there should be allied together Salhen and Zararan and `Alhan and Gadarat."

Alexander Sima translates the text slightly differently, specifying that it was GDRT who "sent a diplomatic mission to [`Ahlan] in order to form an alliance." Both interpret "Zararan" or "Zrrn" as the name of the palace in Aksum at the time, parallel to "Sahlen," the palace of Saba in Marib. This Sahlen-Saba parallel, along with the Dhu-Raydan-Ḥimyar parallel, was often used by Aksumite kings in their inscriptions enumerating the territories under their control. A Ḥimyarite inscription confirms the Sabaean text, mentioning that Aksum, Saba', Ḥaḑramawt, and Qatabān were all allied against Ḥimyar. `Alhan Nafhan's son Sha`ir Awtar or Sha`irum Awtar later abandoned the alliance with GDRT after he became king of Saba'. However, during the first part of Sha`ir Awtar's reign, the two powers seem to have joined in an alliance once again, this time against Ḥaḑramawt. Saba's invasion of Ḥaḑramawt with Aksumite help culminated in the latter's defeat and the occupation of its capital, Shabwah, in 225. Sha`ir Awtar's attack represented a major shift in policy as, before the attack, the king of Ḥaḑramawt, Il`azz Yalut, was married to his sister; he had even helped suppress a revolt against Il`azz Yalut.

Although Saba' was previously allied with Aksum against Ḥimyar, both Ḥimyarite and Sabaean troops were used in the attack against Ḥaḑramawt. Immediately following the conquest of Hadramaut, Sha`ir Awtar allied with Ḥimyar against his former ally GDRT. A second Sabaean inscription from the sanctuary 'Awam in Marib during the reign of Sha`ir Awtar's successor, Luha`atht Yarhum, describes events in the latter part of his predecessor's reign. The inscription tells of a diplomatic mission sent by Sha`ir Awtar to GDRT, the results of which are unknown; however, the text later goes on to describe a war between Saba' and Aksum in the southern highlands of Yemen, implying that the negotiations were futile. Aksum lost a battle as a result of the Saba'-Ḥimyar alliance, allowing the South Arabian forces to expel GDRT's son BYGT and his forces from the Ḥimyarite capital Zafar, which had previously been held by Aksum after the Aksum-Ḥaḑramawt-Qatabān-Saba' alliance. Despite this loss, Aksum still held territory in South Arabia, as evidenced by inscriptions of Luha`atht Yarhum (r. c. 230), which detail at least one known clash with hbšt troops in Yemen after GDRT's reign. Peace may have been established after GDRT's death, but war and Aksumite involvement was renewed under his successors such as `DBH and GRMT, and the whole 3rd century was to be dominated by Aksum-Yemeni conflicts.

Legacy
GDRT was most likely the first Aksumite king to be involved in South Arabian affairs, as well as the first known king to be mentioned in South Arabian inscriptions. His reign resulted in the control of much of western Yemen, such as the Tihāmah, Najrā, Ma`afir, Ẓafār (until c. 230), and parts of Hashid territory around Hamir in the northern highlands. Furthermore, GDRT's military alliances and his conquests in Yemen and Saudi Arabia, the required formidable fleet for such feats, and the extension of Aksumite influence throughout Yemen and southern Saudi Arabia all reflect a new zenith in Aksumite power. His involvement would mark the beginning of centuries of Aksumite involvement in South Arabia, culminating with the full-scale invasion of Yemen by King Kaleb in 520 (or 525), resulting in the establishment of an Aksumite province covering all of South Arabia.

GDRT's name may be preserved in Ethiopian tradition through the traditional king lists, as what seem to be variants of his name crop up in three of them. Gədur is listed as the third king in list C, Zegduru (ze meaning 'of' in Ge'ez) appears as the sixth in list E, and Zegdur appears as the third in list B, after the legendary Menelik I. Zegdur also is mentioned in at least one hagiography and short chronicle. The king lists were composed centuries after the fall of the Aksumite kingdom, however, and generally do not agree with archaeological records except when concerning famous kings.

title: GDRT


text:
Johnny Cash with His Hot and Blue Guitar!

Johnny Cash with His Hot and Blue Guitar! is the debut studio album by American singer Johnny Cash, released on October 11, 1957. The album contained four of his hit singles: "I Walk the Line," "Cry! Cry! Cry!," "So Doggone Lonesome," and "Folsom Prison Blues." It was re-issued on July 23, 2002, as an expanded edition, under the label Varèse Vintage, containing five bonus tracks, three being alternate versions of tracks already on the original LP. In 2012, Columbia Records reissued the album with 16 additional non-album Sun Records tracks as part of its 63-disc Johnny Cash: The Complete Columbia Album Collection box set. In 2017, 60 years after the original release, the album was remastered under the title ''Johnny Cash with His Hot and Blue Guitar! (Definitive Expanded Remastered Edition)''. In 2022, Sun released a remastered edition of the original studio album, with only the original track listing. The songs had been remastered as to simulate being in the studio as the tracks were recorded.

This was one of the first albums ever issued on Sam Phillips' Sun Records label.

Background
Cash auditioned for a place on the music label Sun Records in 1955, but he failed to impress its founder Sam Phillips after presenting himself as a gospel singer. Cash was told to come back with a more commercial sound, as Phillips believed gospel wouldn't sell. Cash returned with the songs "Hey Porter!" and "Cry! Cry! Cry!" and subsequently released them as his debut single on Sun Records in July 1955. On the recording, he was backed by Luther Perkins on guitar and Marshall Grant on bass, dubbed "The Tennessee Two" by Phillips. ("Hey Porter" was not included on the original Sun album, but it was included in later reissues by other labels.)

"Cry! Cry! Cry!" became a commercial success, entering the country charts at #14.

His second single, "Folsom Prison Blues", was released in December 1955 and reached the country Top Five in early 1956.

His final single on With His Hot and Blue Guitar!, "I Walk the Line", continued his success, reaching number one on the country charts and staying there for six weeks, eventually crossing over into the pop Top 20.

Track listing
On the Varèse CD reissue, "Country Boy" is not the original "full band" version from the LP but rather an acoustic version with just Cash and his guitar, which is the demo version; however, the "full band" version is available on iTunes. "Country Boy" was re-recorded for his 1996 album Unchained during his American Recordings period.

See Johnny Cash: The Complete Columbia Album Collection for the track listing of the extended edition included in the 2012 box set.

Arizona-based record store chain Zia Record Exchange reissued the album on an exclusive clear orange vinyl as a limited run of 500 copies in October 2020.

Personnel

 * Johnny Cash - vocals, acoustic rhythm guitar

 * The Tennessee Two
 * Luther Perkins - electric lead guitar
 * Marshall Grant - double bass

 * Technical
 * Sam Phillips - producer
 * Cary E. Mansfield - reissue producer
 * Bill Dahl - liner notes, reissue producer
 * Dan Hersch - digital remastering
 * Bill Pitzonka - art direction

Charts
Singles - Billboard (United States)


text:
Talk:Johnny Cash with His Hot and Blue Guitar!

Fair use rationale for Image:JohnnyCashWithHisHotAndBlueGuitar.jpg
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Date query
We're told that JC auditioned for Sun in 1955 & then came back later that year with a different sound & released his first single that same year. However, we're then told the album was recorded between 1954 & 1957. This doesn't really make sense. Gwladys24 (talk) 16:49, 4 June 2014 (UTC)


text:
Vladimir Arutyunian

Vladimir Arutyunian (ვლადიმერ არუთინიანი; Վլադիմիր Հարությունյան; born 12 March 1978) is a Georgian national who, on 10 May 2005, attempted to assassinate United States President George W. Bush and Georgian President Mikheil Saakashvili by throwing a hand grenade at both of them. The attempt failed when the grenade did not detonate. He was later arrested and sentenced to life in prison.

Background
Vladimir Arutyunian, a Georgian citizen and ethnic Armenian, was born on 12 March 1978 in Tbilisi, Soviet Georgia. Arutyunian lost his father at an early age and lived with his mother, who was a stall-holder at the local street market. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, they lived in one of the poorest suburbs of Tbilisi. After completing his secondary education, he had no fixed occupation.

Arutyunian joined the Democratic Union for Revival party led by Aslan Abashidze in January 2004, but soon after left the organization's ranks. He joined the Revival party in the same month Mikheil Saakashvili became president of Georgia and had led Adjara in a crisis by refusing to obey the central government authorities. Saakashvili and his party were considered to be pro-United States, while Abashidze and his party were considered to be pro-Russia. The crisis ended in 2004 without bloodshed.

Assassination attempt
On 10 May 2005, Arutyunian waited for the United States President George W. Bush and Georgian President Mikheil Saakashvili to speak in Tbilisi's central Liberty Square. When Bush began speaking, Arutyunian threw a Soviet-made RGD-5 hand grenade, wrapped in a red tartan handkerchief, toward the podium where Bush stood as he addressed the crowd. The grenade landed 18.6 m from the podium, near where Saakashvili, his wife Sandra Roelofs, Laura Bush, and other officials were seated.

The grenade failed to detonate. Although original reports indicated that the grenade was not live, it was later revealed that it was. After Arutyunian pulled the pin and threw the grenade, it hit a girl, cushioning its impact. The red handkerchief remained wrapped around the grenade, and it prevented the striker lever from releasing. A Georgian security officer quickly removed the grenade, and Arutyunian disappeared.

Arutyunian later said that he threw the grenade "towards the heads" so that "the shrapnel would fly behind the bulletproof glass". Bush and Saakashvili did not learn of the incident until after the rally.

Aftermath
On 18 July 2005, Georgia's Interior Minister Vano Merabishvili issued photos of an unidentified suspect and announced a reward of 150,000 lari (US$80,000) for information leading to the suspect's identification.

At the request of the Georgian government, the US Federal Bureau of Investigation began an investigation into the incident. Extra manpower was brought in from the surrounding region to help with the investigation. In one picture of the crowd, the FBI noted a man in the bleachers with a large camera. He was a visiting professor from Boise, Idaho. FBI agents contacted him and, with his photographs, were able to identify a suspect.

Arrest
On 20 July 2005, acting on a tip from a hotline, police raided Arutyunian's home where he lived with his mother. During an ensuing gunfight, Arutyunian killed the head of the Interior Ministry's counterintelligence department, Zurab Kvlividze. He then fled into the woods in the village of Vashlijvari on the outskirts of Tbilisi. After being wounded in the leg, he was captured by Georgia's anti-terror unit.

DNA samples from Arutyunian matched the DNA samples from the handkerchief. Georgian police later found a chemical lab and a stockpile of explosives, chemicals and other material Arutyunian had built up in his apartment. Twenty liters (5.3 U.S. gallons) of sulfuric acid, several drawers full of mercury thermometers, a microscope, and "enough dangerous substances to carry out several terrorist acts" were found.

Trial and conviction
After his arrest, Arutyunian was shown on television admitting from his hospital bed that he had thrown the grenade. He said that he had attempted to assassinate both presidents because he hated Georgia's new government for being a "puppet" of the United States. He further stated that he did not regret what he did and would do it again if he had the chance.

Arutyunian initially admitted his guilt when arrested but refused to cooperate during the trial. He pleaded not guilty, then refused to answer questions in court. His lawyer Elisabed Japaridze said after the conviction and sentencing that she would appeal. "I consider that everything was far from proved." She cited the fact that Arutyunian's fingerprints were not found on the grenade. However, prosecutor Anzor Khvadagiani said that the grenade being wrapped in cloth explained the lack of distinguishable fingerprints and also that DNA tests of material found on the cloth matched Arutyunian's.

On 11 January 2006, a Georgian court sentenced Arutyunian to life imprisonment for the attempted assassination of George Bush and Mikheil Saakashvili, and the killing of Officer Kvlividze. In September 2005, a United States federal grand jury also indicted Arutyunian, and could ask to extradite him if he is ever released. He is not eligible for parole, and could only be released under a presidential pardon, but such pardons are almost never granted in Georgia.

title: Vladimir Arutyunian


text:
ʽDBH

DBH [probably vocalized Azaba or Adhebah] (fl. 3rd century) was a king of Aksum, in the territory of modern-day North Ethiopia and Eritrea, who ruled c. 230–240. He and his son GRMT (possibly vocalized as "Girmai") are known through South Arabian inscriptions which mention Shamir, king of Dhu-Raydan and Himyar asking for his help against the Sabaean kings.

title: ʽDBH


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Nepnoc number

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete. Dmcdevit·t 07:01, July 27, 2005 (UTC)

Nepnoc number
This looks like a personal invention by the creator of the article. Not a single hit in Google. Woodstone 20:20, July 21, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. I can't find anything either.  That makes this original research, and prime for deletion.  --Several Times 20:27, 21 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. I agree that this is original research and thus violates No original research. — Joe Kress 20:32, 21 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Author has been vandalizing several pages. --R.Koot 20:33, 21 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Calling this original research is an insult to researchers everywhere. The term "unity" is New Agey enough as it is, while "nepnoc" is just plain laughable. PrimeFan 21:03, 21 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Orignal research at best. Gblaz 21:50, July 21, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Neologism. Jitse Niesen (talk) 09:49, 22 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Certainly original research. Certainly neologism. I think this could be a speedy delete as patent nonsense. The numbers 0 and 1 are neither prime nor composite, but I'm not sure what the third element of the set is supposed to represent. Of course, negative numbers, fraction, decimals, imaginary numbers, etc. are neither prime nor composite either, so I don't understand what the point is. Dpbsmith (talk) 14:11, 22 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Very strange and unclear. Oleg Alexandrov 15:36, 22 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Neepsheep nipnoc ip nipnoop (Translation: Welcome alien spaceships and thier crews). linas 00:41, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text: File:Nickelback - The Long Road.albumcover.jpg


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User:DaveMetzger

Dave Metzger is a graduate student at the Florida State Film School.

title: User:DaveMetzger