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Danube-Auen National Park

Donau-Auen National Park (Nationalpark Donau-Auen) covers 93 square kilometres in Vienna and Lower Austria and is one of the largest remaining floodplains of the Danube in Middle Europe.

The German word Aue (variant Au) means "river island, wetland, floodplain, riparian woodland", i.e. a cultivated landscape in a  riparian zone. The words Aue and Au occur in a large number of German place names—including Donau, the German word for the Danube River—and refer to forests, meadows, and wetlands in river and stream lowlands and floodplains. The Danube-Auen National Park protects a large area of lowland forests, meadows, wetlands, and other riparian habitat along the Danube just downstream of Vienna.

The Park was designated an IUCN category II national park and spans the areas of Vienna (Lobau), Groß-Enzersdorf, Orth an der Donau, Eckartsau, Engelhartstetten, Hainburg, Bad Deutsch-Altenburg, Petronell-Carnuntum, Regelsbrunn, Haslau-Maria Ellend, Fischamend and Schwechat.

Creation of the National Park
Until the 19th century the Danube was an untamed river. In the 19th century, extensive engineering began to alter the natural balance of the river landscape dramatically. Many side-channels were dammed so that they now carry water from the Danube only at flood stages. Ever more intrusive engineering interventions were accompanied by decades of heavy forestry use in many parts of lowland forests. In the 1950s, development began of a nearly unbroken chain of hydroelectric power plants and associated dams on the Austrian section of the Danube River.

In 1984, the planned construction of the Hainburg hydroelectric power plant, just downstream from Vienna, threatened to destry one of two remaining free-flowing sections of the Danube in Austria and its riparian forests (the other remaining free-flowing section in Austria is upstream, near Wachau). An outcry by environmental and nature protection groups caused nationwide protests against the project. The operator of the power plant project disregarded the protests and began work to clear the area. Protests stepped up, eventually leading to the occupation of the Hainburg wetlands by thousands of people from all ages and professions (the so-called "Hainburg Movement"). After police tried several times to clear protestors from the area, in December 1984 the Federal Government declared a pause for reflection. In January 1985 the Austrian Supreme Court forbad further deforestation. In March 1985, the so-called Konrad Lorenz-Volksbegehren (petition), signed by 353,906 people, demanded the prohibition of large power plants such as Hainburg and the establishment of a national park in the area of Hainburg. On 1 July 1986, the Administrative Court released a decision cancelling the water rights of the planned power plant.

Extensive scientific studies were then made of the area, with surprising discoveries. More species of fish were observed than was known at the time the planning of the power plant.

The most important result of these studies was that the Danube lowlands area (Donau-Auen) in and east of Vienna was determined to be worthy of becoming a national park. It was also determined that creating a power plant in the area would not be compatible with national park status for the region. On October 27, 1996, a State Treaty between the Republic of Austria and the federal states of Vienna and Lower Austria was signed. With that treaty, Donau-Auen National Park was officially opened.

Flora and fauna
In the National Park area there are more than 700 species of higher plants, more than 30 mammals, 100 species of breeding birds, 8 reptiles, 13 amphibian species, and around 50 species of fish. Among the most characteristic inhabitants of the wetlands of the National Park are the Danube crested newt, European pond turtle, European mudminnow, white-tailed eagle, Eurasian kingfisher, and Eurasian beaver.

With the variety of insects living on both land and water, and other invertebrates, the total number of species in Donau-Auen National Park is estimated to be at least 5,000.

The River
The main channel of the Danube was separated from its side channels by the flood control measures that were constructed around the year 1900. The outcome was a higher current velocity in the main channel, with a resulting deepening of the river bed, while in the side channels—which no longer had current flowing through them—sand and loam deposits were no longer removed by the current. In a natural riparian ecosystem woody plants and deadwood have a strong impact on the natural flow dynamics, by stabilizing riverbanks, by reducing erosion, and by creating areas of reducing or increased flow rates, and thus affecting in which areas sediments are deposited or removed. Large tree trunks and accumulations of smaller flotsam cause the water to stagnate and the speed of the current to drop, leading to increased sedimentation.

To counteract the effects of the flood control measures, beginning in 2002 individual side channels were tied in with the main channel again—at least at high water times—via Gewässervernetzungen ("water crossings"), which lower or remove the levees protecting those channels.

In a 2006 pilot project created with the support of the LIFE+ Program of the European Union and the Austrian riverways agency via donau, about three kilometers of the complete flood works were removed across the river from Hainburg, so that the river once again could spread into the floodplain areas. In a similar project near Witzelsdorf, about one kilometer of the levees were removed. After the completion of the pilot projects in Hainburg and Witzelsdorf, future plans for this river engineering project are for removal of 50% of the levees and flood control works between Vienna and the eastern border of Austria.

Aside from a revitalization of the Au (riparian zone), the project promises to mediate the effects of floods on the river and to stabilize the riverbed to the benefit of both river ecology and navigation.

title: Danube-Auen National Park


text:
The Poor People of Paris

"The Poor People of Paris" is a US pop song that became a number-one instrumental hit in 1956. It is based on the French language song "La goualante du pauvre Jean" ("The Ballad of Poor John"), with music by Marguerite Monnot and words by René Rouzaud. Edith Piaf had one of her biggest hits with the original French version.

The song was adapted in 1954 by American songwriter Jack Lawrence, who wrote English lyrics that are considerably different from the original French ones. The English language title arises in part from a misinterpretation of the French title, as "pauvre Jean" was taken for the same-sounding "pauvres gens", which translates as "poor people."

Lawrence's lyrics, which pronounce "Paris" as "PaREE" in the French style, are seldom heard, as most of the popular recordings of the song in the English-speaking world have been instrumentals.

Les Baxter version
A recording of the tune by Les Baxter's orchestra (Capitol Records catalog number 3336, with the flip side "Theme from 'Helen of Troy'") was a number-one hit on the Billboard chart in the US in 1956: for four weeks on the Best Sellers in Stores chart, for six weeks on the Most Played by Jockeys and Hot 100 charts, and for three weeks on the Most Played on Jukeboxes chart. This recording was also released in Australia by Capitol under catalog number CP-1044. This version of the song was also the last song to reach number one (in the US) before Elvis Presley's "Heartbreak Hotel" topped the chart.

Baxter's version featured strings, brass, a wordless chorus, tinkling percussion, finger snapping, and a group of whistlers.

Winifred Atwell version
In the same year, the piano version by Winifred Atwell (Decca Records catalog number F10681) was number one in the UK Singles Chart for three weeks. In Australia, it was released as Decca Catalogue number Y 6783.

Other versions

 * Cover versions by Lawrence Welk, Russ Morgan (Decca Records catalog number 29835, with the flip side "Annabelle") and Chet Atkins appeared in the US Top 100.
 * A 1955 version of Eddie Cochran was released in 1997 on the album Rockin' It Country Style.
 * In 1956, Mexican trio Los Tres Diamantes covered the song in Spanish with the title "Pobre gente de París".
 * Dean Martin recorded the song with the Lawrence lyrics for his 1962 album French Style.
 * Bing Crosby and Rosemary Clooney recorded a version containing the seldom-heard Lawrence lyrics for their 1965 album That Travelin' Two-Beat.
 * Lenny Dee recorded an instrumental version in his 1965 album "The Lenny Dee Tour" (Decca DL 74654).
 * Billy May also recorded a Latin-styled version that appears in the Ultra-Lounge CD Volume 10: A Bachelor in Paris, that was edited together with Les Baxter's version.
 * In 1991, Episode 6 of Series 2 of Vic Reeves Big Night Out featured a version of the song with completely new lyrics detailing The Man With The Stick's holiday.
 * Reginald Dixon released a version of the song as part of a medley with the songs "Willie Can" and "The Happy Whistler" on his 2009 compilation album Reginald Dixon at the Organ.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: The Poor People of Paris


text:
Category talk:Unreleased albums

Upcoming albums
We should put all upcoming (to be released) albums in the subcategory of, as some of these albums may be unreleased, but may not ever be planned to be released at all. secfan 14:48, July 14, 2005 (UTC)
 * Yeah I noticed the redundancy of the two categories too... --Madchester 22:45, August 17, 2005 (UTC)

What about [ABBA]'s final ninth album Was it just unfinished? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 72.75.63.48 (talk) 01:01, 3 March 2008 (UTC)

yes please do this i mean you can't list The Mirror from Ja Rule on the same site as SMiLE(Beach Boyys Version). —Preceding unsigned comment added by 213.196.248.143 (talk) 00:05, 11 July 2008 (UTC)

title: Category talk:Unreleased albums


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Jon Daniel Lieber

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete. Sjakkalle (Check!)  12:36, 25 July 2005 (UTC)

Jon Daniel Lieber

 * Delete NN Probable vanity A curate's egg 14:49, 14 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete: Vanity. --Durin 14:51, 14 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete - Seems like vanity --Irishpunktom\talk 14:51, July 14, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete vanity. but an effort should be made to invite him into the wikipedia fold. --jonasaurus 21:38, 14 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete nn vanity. --Etacar11 00:57, 15 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete non notable vanity. JamesBurns 03:29, 16 July 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


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The Best of The Velvet Underground: Words and Music of Lou Reed

 * There are Velvet Underground compilation albums with similar titles: The Best of The Velvet Underground: The Millennium Collection (2000) and The Very Best of The Velvet Underground (2003).

The Best of The Velvet Underground: Words and Music of Lou Reed is a compilation album by The Velvet Underground. It was released in October 1989 by Verve Records.

The Best of The Velvet Underground concludes the mid-1980s re-issue series by Verve Records of their Velvet Underground material (the first three albums plus VU and Another View).

The record tried to capitalise on the new public awareness of Lou Reed, who had issued his critically acclaimed comeback album New York earlier that year. Accordingly, the record contains only songs written by Reed alone.

Track listing
All tracks were written by Lou Reed.

 * Side one
 * 1) "I'm Waiting for the Man"
 * 2) "Femme Fatale"
 * 3) "Run Run Run"
 * 4) "Heroin"
 * 5) "All Tomorrow's Parties"
 * 6) "I'll Be Your Mirror"
 * 7) "White Light/White Heat"
 * 8) "Stephanie Says"

Tracks 1–6 taken from The Velvet Underground & Nico (1967); Track 7 taken from White Light/White Heat (1968); Track 8 taken from VU (1985).

 * Side two
 * 1) "What Goes On"
 * 2) "Beginning to See the Light"
 * 3) "Pale Blue Eyes"
 * 4) "I Can't Stand It"
 * 5) "Lisa Says"
 * 6) "Sweet Jane"
 * 7) "Rock and Roll"

Tracks 1–3 taken from The Velvet Underground (1969); Tracks 4–5 also taken from VU; Tracks 6–7 taken from Loaded (1970).

Personnel

 * The Velvet Underground
 * John Cale – bass guitar, viola, keyboards, celesta, backing vocals (side one)
 * Sterling Morrison – guitar, backing vocals, bass guitar on "All Tomorrow's Parties"
 * Lou Reed – vocals, guitar, piano on "White Light/White Heat"
 * Maureen Tucker – percussion (except "Sweet Jane" and "Rock and Roll")
 * Doug Yule – bass guitar, keyboards, backing vocals, drums and lead guitar on "Rock and Roll" (side two)

 * Additional musicians
 * Nico – vocals on "Femme Fatale", "I'll Be Your Mirror" and "All Tomorrow's Parties"
 * Adrian Barber – drums on "Sweet Jane"

 * Technical staff
 * Andy Warhol – producer (The Velvet Underground & Nico)
 * Tom Wilson – producer (White Light/White Heat)
 * The Velvet Underground – producers (VU and The Velvet Underground)
 * Geoff Haslam, Shel Kagan and The Velvet Underground – producers (Loaded)
 * Bill Levenson – compilation executive producer


text: User talk:207.188.251.101

title: User talk:207.188.251.101


text:
Talk:Nokia 6610

Untitled
Anyone know how to adjust the volume on the FM Radio for this nokia?

 * While the Radio is on, just press the volume controls (The volume controls are located at the top of the left side of the phone (on the black part), and appear as one long skinny button. Press the top half for volume up, the bottom half of the button to volume down.).
 * I think you'll find it written in the users manual. ☺    Spiby   ☻ 15:42, 19 February 2008 (UTC)

title: Talk:Nokia 6610


text:
Hunter Bradley

Hunter Bradley may refer to:

 * Hunter Bradley (American football) (born 1994), American football player
 * Hunter Bradley (Power Rangers Ninja Storm), a fictional character on American television series Power Rangers Ninja Storm

title: Hunter Bradley


text:
Wang Tiantian

Wang Tiantian (born February 14, 1986, in Tianjin, China)

Wang's first major competition was at the 2003 Asian Championship. She won the vault finals as well a silver medal on floor exercise. Her success at Asian Championship gave her the chance to compete at the 2003 World Championships where she placed 4th with her team. In 2004 Wang became China's National All Around Champion and Triple Silver Medalist during Event Finals (vault, uneven bars and floor). She competed at the 2004 Summer Olympics and the 2004 World Cup Final. In the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens she qualified for the Vault finals and the Individual All-Around. She had a weak showing in these Olympics. In the team final she fell on floor exercise (underrotating her triple twist in her final pass and putting her hands down) and scored an 8.637. She fell on her beam dismount in the Individual AA competition and scored an 8.725 (she ended up 13th that night). She then fell on her first Vault in the event finals and averaged a 9.081 (ranking 7th). She did not win any medals in either the Olympics or the World Cup. Before the World Cup Finals, Wang had some success at the 2004 Trophee Massilia Cup, where she won five medals (2 gold, 1 silver, 2 bronze). In 2005, she won bronze medals on vault at the 2005 National Championships and at the 2005 Cottbus Cup.

In October, 2005, Wang Tiantian competed at the National Games, but a nagging foot injury hampered her performance. The injury kept her out of the East Asia Games several weeks later and eventually required surgery at the end of 2005.

As of January 2006, she was still recovering from the injury but had rejoined the National Team in Beijing.

title: Wang Tiantian


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Brighter Death Now

Brighter Death Now is the artist name under which Roger Karmanik (b. 1965 as Roger Karlsson), the founder of the Swedish record label Cold Meat Industry, releases death industrial, power electronics and dark ambient music.

Whereas early Brighter Death Now recordings tended to be largely instrumental and atmospherically oriented, present-day releases often feature screamed vocals, distorted beyond comprehension. Throughout its history, Karmanik has kept his music's thematic elements focused on such topics as child molestation, sadism, and psychosis.

The Great Death trilogy and May All Be Dead have become rare collectors items, and are sought after by many Brighter Death Now fans. Roger Karmanik has been active under other names such as Lille Roger (Swedish for Little Roger) and Bomb The Daynursery.

In 2009, Karmanik remixed the short films of Jason LaRay Keener as projection for live shows.

Karmanik closed down Cold Meat Industries around the beginning of 2014 as he expressed that he was suffering mentally and physically from the stress of running the label. By the end of 2014, Karmanik had fully immersed himself within the shroud of Brighter Death Now and announced the creation of his new label Familjegraven whose sole purpose is to release his own projects, including rarities, reissues, and new recordings.

title: Brighter Death Now


text:
Dmitry of Pereslavl

Dmitry Alexandrovich (Дмитрий Александрович; 1250–1294) was Grand Prince of Vladimir from 1276 to 1281, and again from 1283 until 1293.

Biography
Dmitry was the second son of Alexander Nevsky. When his elder brother Vasily died young, Dmitry remained the chief heir to his illustrious father. As early as 1259, he was left by Alexander in charge of Novgorod. Upon Alexander's death in 1264, however, the Novgorodians expelled Dmitry to his native Pereslavl-Zalessky, citing his youth as a pretext.

Four years later, when Dmitry had turned 18, he was welcomed back to Novgorod and — together with his future son-in-law, Daumantas of Pskov — led a local militia against Livonian Knights in the Battle of Rakvere. During the following decade, he struggled for control of Novgorod against his uncles, Yaroslav III and Vasily of Kostroma. In 1276, when his elders died, he finally ascended the coveted thrones of Vladimir and Novgorod. Two years later, he founded a great fortress of Koporye, which he intended to rule himself. The Novgorodians revolted, forcing Dmitry to leave Koporye and Novgorod altogether.

While Dmitry was preoccupied with pacifying Novgorod, Andrey of Gorodets (Dmitry's younger brother) went to the Golden Horde and received from the khan permission to replace Dmitry as the Grand Prince. In 1281, Andrey returned to Russia, joined his forces with princes of Rostov and Yaroslavl and, after much devastation to Dmitry's lands, seized his capital Pereslavl. Dmitry fled to Koporye but, failing to win support of Novgorodians, had to retreat further northward, probably to Scandinavia.

Two years later, Dmitry returned to Russia, only to find his lands ravaged by the Mongols and his brother Andrey. Thereupon he went to the Black Sea and met Nogai Khan, who was the greatest enemy of the Golden Horde at that time. Wishing to increase his authority in Russia, Nogai vowed to support Dmitry in his struggle for the grand ducal throne. On hearing about this, Andrey renounced his claims to Vladimir and Novgorod and returned to Gorodets.

In 1285 Andrey again brought Mongol hordes to Russia, but these were expelled by Dmitry and his allies. Finally, in 1293 Andrey managed to unite the Mongols and Rus' princes in opposition to Dmitry. Reluctant to renew fratricidal hostilities, Dmitry took monastic vows in 1293 and died the next year. He was buried in the Saviour Cathedral of Pereslavl-Zalessky.

Genetics
In 2023, paleogeneticists (Zhur et al.) identified him as having the same Y-chromosomal line as most modern representatives of the Rurikid family. The results of the study were published in the journal Acta Naturae. Scientists identified his mitochondrial haplogroup F1b1-a3a2a, which belongs to the East Eurasian cluster, and the Y-chromosomal haplogroup N1a1a1a1a1a1a7a (N1a1-L550>Y4339>VL11 ).

title: Dmitry of Pereslavl


text: User talk:208.39.170.77

title: User talk:208.39.170.77


text:
Talk:Earl of Kimberley

I can't finmd a source to confims the Heir Apparent is Lord [David John Simon] Wodehouse, born in 1978.

Try this []Alci12 16:32, 16 March 2006 (UTC)

a familiar name
Was Sir Pelham Grenville W. related to this line? —Tamfang 06:44, 10 March 2007 (UTC)

 * Yes, but not in remainder to the earldom. —Tamfang (talk) 00:08, 19 June 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Earl of Kimberley


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Peace and Progress Party

The Peace and Progress Party was a British political party founded by Vanessa and Corin Redgrave to campaign for human rights. Combining the Redgraves, formerly leading figures in the Workers' Revolutionary Party and the Marxist Party, with others from the media and legal fields, the party campaigned for the rights of refugees and political dissidents.

History
The party was launched in November 2004 and called for the withdrawal of British troops from Iraq, the return of British detainees from Guantanamo Bay and the cancellation of Third World debt. The party urged support from those in other parties, including the Conservatives, who upheld human rights.

The party received the support of journalist Anna Politkovskaya, who was later murdered, and of Azmat Begg, father of Guantanamo Bay detainee Moazzam Begg, who stood for the party at the 2005 general election in Birmingham Hodge Hill. The party had suggested that Moazzem Begg and another detainee, Richard Belmar, would stand as absentee candidates. Babar Ahmad, wanted by the US authorities on terrorism charges, stood in Brent North. Peace and Progress made a negligible impact at the 2005 general election, losing their deposit in each of the three seats they stood in. Ahmad received 685 votes (1.9%), Azmat Begg received 329 votes (1.2%), and Sylvia Dunn received 22 votes (0.1%) against Conservative leader Michael Howard in Folkestone and Hythe.

According to the Electoral Commission, Chris Cooper was the party's leader, Sue Conlan the nominating officer, and Edmund Quinn the treasurer. The party registered in 2003 and deregistered in 2015. The official website is now offline.

title: Peace and Progress Party


text: User talk:195.173.199.115

title: User talk:195.173.199.115


text:
Talk:Quebec Act

Clarification requested
This article seems to have a major contradiction -- or at least it needs elaboration on a point. The article states (correctly, I think) that "the majority of the Canadian population chose to remain neutral" in the American Revolution, but it also asserts that "it is clear that the Quebec Act did much to secure the allegiance of the Canadians to the British."

Isn't that a contradiction? Were the Canadiens both neutral and allegiant? --Kevin Myers 14:55, July 14, 2005 (UTC)

Just a thought... Perhaps this apparent contradiction is in timing. At the outset of the American Revolution, Canadiens (French-Canadians) chose to remain neutral - neither rebel (Patriot) nor actively supporting the British. Later, with the occupation of Montréal and the attack on Québec City, they began to view the British as perhaps less repugnant than the American occupiers. Thus (and perversely), the American invasion of the Canadiens homeland helped to gradually secure the latter's loyalty to the Crown. Also, if I remember correctly, there was a strong anti-Catholic sentiment in the American Colonies. (I seem to remember reading that Ben Franklin railed against Catholics being given the vote, but damned if I can remember where...) Thus, it could be that the Canadiens saw the American invasion as a threat to their newly gained (dare I say it) liberties. Conversely, they had no interest in helping the British crush the rebellion in other colonies, so (in that sense) they remained neutral. I short, the Canadiens were looking after their own interests (as were the British and the 13 Colonies). Just a few random thoughts. Did they make any sense at all? Esseh 18:48, 4 April 2007 (UTC)

 * Mason Wade says mant Quebecers supported the US and joined its forces.--probably more than joined the brits. Wade vol 1 p.68-9: "Crown Point and St. Johns. As Carillon, Fort Frédéric, and Saint-Jean, these bastions of the traditional invasion route were all too well known in Canada, and their fall did much to increase American sympathies among the realistic French Canadians." ... "the majority of old subjects at Montreal refused to enroll in the militia" ... "the whole district south of Montreal fell at once into American hands. Its congrèssiste sympathies were soon evidenced by the raising of one French-Canadian regiment under James Livingston, and later of a second under Moses Hazen, another American settler on the Richelieu. Sizeable groups in Montreal and Quebec were loyalist, while on the other hand the militia of the Trois-Rivières flatly refused to march against the Americans. The Ile d'Orléans and the region south of the river below Quebec were also disaffected. The majority of the habitants tried to reserve a neutrality whose bias was influenced by the shifting fortunes of the contending parties. Bishop Briand bears witness that no more than 500 joined the American forces, though nearly all desired the capture of Quebec. 54 There were many factors involved in this situation: at the base of it was the fact that the French Canadians were a people worn out by a century of border warfare against heavy odds, and by the long effort to explore a continent and carry on a continental trade with a minimum of manpower. The greater number had become sedentary folk, deeply attached to their land, and wishing only to dwell on it undisturbed by war."  Rjensen 19:25, 4 April 2007 (UTC)

Well put, Rjensen. The French élite mostly moved out after the conquest, and the only ones left were definitely tired of war and very attached to what they viewed as their land. In fact, they were the first to become called, and call themselves, Canadiens (Canadians by the British). Largely, they did remain neutral during the revolution. While they didn't particularly like their British overseers, most didn't particularly want American overseers, either. So, minorities fought for either side, but the majority just didn't care, as long as they were not personally threatened Esseh 04:40, 5 April 2007 (UTC)

Afterthought - see below as well, bearing in mind that Louis-Joseph Papineau was himself the disaffected leader of the Lower Canada rebellion of 1837 - which failed largely due to the lack of widespread popular support (as it did in Upper Canada). Esseh 04:51, 5 April 2007 (UTC)

More precision is indeed required
In 1784, this is indeed a contradiction. The assertion that "the Quebec Act did much to secure the allegiance of the Canadians to the British" is not entirely false however. It is pretty clear that the Catholic clergy, the business people involved in the fur trade and the land owners were mostly pleased with it at first. I think it would be more accurate to assert that "some elements of the Quebec Act secured the allegiance of the Catholic clergy and a great portion of the elite." The habitants had no clue what was going on in the country at the time and according to Louis-Joseph Papineau, it is only later that the educated Canadiens came to understand what the American Revolution was all about and how it would help them.

Here is what Papineau tells us in 1867 at the age of 81 years old (in a bad translation from French to English) :

 * "But our fathers did not think that way. All the Canadian nobility and the pupils of our colleges gathered around governor Carleton, determined to make the greatest of efforts with him for the defense of the country, and all of the clergy decided to make sermons of circumstance, to get the people of the country to take arm for the same reasons. This people had the good idea of saying: "Our purpose is to grow wheat and sell it for a good price." It succeeded surprisingly well and repaired, from '75 to '83, the distress of '59 to '63.

 * Of the thousand or twelve hundred English that there were in all of Canada, the nine-tenth of those who were in Quebec City had the good idea of leaving the day before the siege to go fetch some goods in England, sure that they would resell them for an enormous profit. The majority, and with perfect reason, were saying: "The metropolis is doing an impious war to its children. They (the Americains) have for themselves the forests of their country, where, the (opposing) armies will be encircled, famished and captured. The justice of the good cause will end up prevailing.". Fortunately, the prophecy was accomplished.

 * Not long after the fight, the marvelously fast progress of the new United States rendered them the object of astonishment and received the benevolence of all the great writers of the European continent.

 * Later, when in Canada some began to learn English, they became impassioned precisely for the sublime speeches of Charles James Fox and Edmund Burke in favour of the just American cause.

 * Those in this country who had best fought for England must then have started to doubt that they had done good by fighting for a caste, against a people.

 * When I asked them "even if the English had done better than in 1774, back then you knew them only for the injustices and the insults they poured on you by torrents. Colonial Englishmen explained you the wrongs of the metropolis and stayed with their arms crossed. Why did you not do the same?" - one answered me: "the older ones among us had taken part in the battle of Monongahela (invariably known as Malengueulée), of Chouaguen (Oswego), of Carillon, of Québec, and a lot of others."

 * To take the arms back reminded them of the beautiful days of their youth. They had enjoyed the plenitude of an adventurous life, voyages, and camps. It had been followed by fifteen years of lethargic numbness. The nearest and first side ready to draft them was sure to have them.

 * To fight, such was the life of a gentleman - it is all there.

 * For the young people of the colleges, the king was everything. There were still only French theology and philosophy tutors and precepts. These ones adored George III, with more reason than they had had when, taking their French doctor bonnets, they had had the naivety of believing in a fiction such as the virtues of Louis XV and of the holy ampoule, brought from heaven, oil and flask, to ensure the perpetuity of the monarchy. A sovereignty separated with any other authority than that of the king, was for them a monstrosity. It was this new and impious sovereignty, that was setting fire and spilling blood in the country of our unfortunate neighbors.

 * "How the king of England is good, were they saying! He comes to restore the payment of the tithe. Fight for him noble schoolboys! By doing it you are sure not to sin. By not doing it, we are sure that you would sin."

Mathieugp 17:20, 14 July 2005 (UTC)

Title
Shouldn't it be Québec Act instead of Quebec Act? Fredil Yupigo's IP (69.158.65.32) on 00:55, 8 June 2006 (UTC)
 * It depends on whether the accent was used in the official title of the Act. Road Wizard 07:18, 8 June 2006 (UTC)
 * Wikipedia's Quebec article is not accented, and the discussion at Talk:Quebec suggests Quebec is English for Québec. Kurando | ^_^ 08:32, 8 June 2006 (UTC)

... and both are from the Native meaning "place where the waters narrow". Thus, in English, this would be "Strait" or "Narrows", and in French... "Détroit"! Esseh 04:31, 5 April 2007 (UTC)

Funky edit boxes
Quick question: Does anyone know why, when I click on a section [Edit] box, I end up in the section below the one I intended to edit (and the last section says "no section to edit)? Very curious. Esseh 17:29, 7 May 2007 (UTC)

Thirteen Colonies
I have taken the liberty of adding some citations needed into the section on the Thirteen Colonies. The title of this section istelf needs to be reworded - Canada (and Acadia) were colonies at that time, too. Other than the fact the lower 13 rebelled later, how does that make them different? I have left hidden comments before and/or after each of the "citations needed" with my rationale. Remove them as citations added. Esseh 00:40, 14 May 2007 (UTC)

 * To answer your first point: no rewording is needed, since "Thirteen Colonies" is a proper noun. The 13 were different because they were not former French colonies, which is really the point of the section.

 * Adding "citations needed" tags is fine, though they're a bit odd in articles which don't have any citations in the first place -- better I think to add unreferenced to problem sections. Ironically, there is only one sentence in that section which contains glaring factual errors ("Many of the leaders of the American Revolution..."), but you didn't tag it because it has a external footnote, which gives it the superficial appearance of being true. Such is the downside of footnotes. —Kevin Myers 20:32, 22 May 2007 (UTC)

Explain the quotes
It would be great if someone could write up an explanation of the quotes. I would do it, but I'm having trouble understanding them myself. Paap (talk) 15:20, 22 April 2008 (UTC)

"Canadians" and "Canadians" or "Canadiens"?
The paragraph titled 'background' is a little unclear to me in this regard. It first refers to the entire area of New France meaning all French continental territory east of the Mississippi. Then it refers to 'the territory located along the St. Lawrence River, called Canada by the French, (which) was renamed Quebec by the British'. Then it goes to 'administration of the territories acquired in the war', which seems to imply all the territory. So my first question is 'is it correct to refer to the inhabitants of the area conquered by the British as Canadians in 1763? Or were the Canadians only those "along the St Lawrence River"?'

And my second question is, I usually see the word spelled Canadiens when referring to the inhabitants of New France, in English. In other words the word is not translated. I don't know what is standard. The hyperlink at the 3rd or 4th time the word appears does not lead to anything having to do with the particular 'Canadien' identity which some historians describe as having developed among these people. --Richardson mcphillips (talk) 18:57, 21 November 2008 (UTC)

jesuits
i'm not sure the jesuits were "allowed back in", as the article states. please double check. my understanding is that the british crown seized jesuit property in quebec, and though the new government allowed the jesuits present at the time of the conquest to remain, they could not add to their numbers. the plan was to let them die out in a generation.

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for speedy deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for speedy deletion: You can see the reason for deletion at the file description page linked above. —Community Tech bot (talk) 23:27, 1 February 2023 (UTC)
 * Royal Coat of Arms of Canada.svg

Original research?
The section entitled "Participation of the Canadiens" suggests that the Act did not succeed in attracting support from the Canadiens, and gives three lengthy quotations from correspondence. However, those extracts are all cited to Shortt, and that text is a reproduction of the documents, without any analysis. The conclusion that the Act did not attract support from the Canadiens therefore strikes me as original research/synthesis. Need reliable sources (secondary) to support the statements in this section of the article. Mr Serjeant Buzfuz (talk) 22:50, 3 November 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Quebec Act


text: Category:Grand Princes of Vladimir

title: Category:Grand Princes of Vladimir


text:
Red Red Meat

Red Red Meat was a 1990s Chicago-area blues-influenced alternative rock band. After their break-up, frontman Tim Rutili went on to form Califone, for which many of Red Red Meat's former members, including percussionist Ben Massarella, often record and perform. Tim Hurley went on to form Sin Ropas.

History
In 1984, Tim Rutili moved from the suburb of Addison, IL to Chicago in order to attend film school, where he met bassist Glynis Johnson. Together with Ben Massarella, their first band, Friends of Betty, attracted a reasonable following. The 1988 studio album Blind Faith II included drummer John Rowan. It was not much of a success.

With new recruit Glenn Girard they renamed the band Red Red Meat. The band's name possibly came from Ben's truck washing business which cleaned meat carrying trucks on their way out of Chicago. Regarding the band name, Tim Rutili said in an interview: "I think we just thought it sounded good."

Red Red Meat released their first single, "Hot Nikkety Trunk Monkey" b/w "Snowball" in 1991. They were recorded with Brad Wood at Idful Studios in Chicago. Engineer Brian Deck, who recorded the drums for the session, was asked to become a full-time member behind the kit, after the departure of Ben Massarella, who left for a job as a studio musician.

It was during the recordings at Idful Studios with Brad Wood that Sub Pop director Jonathan Poneman decided to sign the band making them the first Chicago band on the label. During the summer of 1992, Red Red Meat toured with fellow Chicago group The Smashing Pumpkins. Glynis Johnson left the band after ending a romance between her and Rutili after the tour. Johnson would later contract A.I.D.S. and pass away due to complications that fall. The Smashing Pumpkins wrote a song "Glynis" as a tribute, which was released on No Alternative compilation. Sub Pop released Red Red Meat's second album in early 1994, Jimmywine Majestic. It was a step away from the grunge and general label characteristics of Sub Pop but was generally well received. Massarella returned, instead of replacing Brian Deck on drums, began employing his "batterie" techniques. In 1995 Red Red Meat returned with Bunny Gets Paid, which, according to Sub Pop, "is easily one of the high points of the entire Sub Pop catalog." In 1997 Red Red Meat released their final album, There's a Star Above the Manger Tonight.

Red Red Meat has since ended their contract with Sub Pop. They appeared in Scott Petersen's film Out of the Loop, which documents the Chicago indie rock scene. RRM's own Perishable label released Loftus in 1999, a collaboration with New York trio, Rex. Red Red Meat has since disbanded and each member has moved on to other projects. Tim Rutili along with several other Red Red Meat alumni founded Califone, a project in which all Red Red Meat members have participated at one point or another. Brian Deck currently is a music producer based in Chicago.

Reunion
Though the band has never gone through an official break-up, there have been several reunions throughout the years. In 2008 they returned for two shows, at the Hideout in Chicago and at the Sub Pop 25th Anniversary party. Talks of a possible album were thrown about, though nothing has developed and all Red Red Meat members have returned to their full-time positions.

Red Red Meat played three shows in March 2009: two in Chicago followed by an appearance at the Sub Pop showcase at South by Southwest in Austin, TX.

On March 24, 2009, Sub Pop released a deluxe edition of 1995's Bunny Gets Paid, which had been out of print for some years. It features a 7-track second disc with a previously unreleased song, "St. Anthony's Jawbone."

Discography

 * Red Red Meat (Perishable Records, 1992)
 * Jimmywine Majestic (Sub Pop Records, 1994)
 * Bunny Gets Paid (Sub Pop Records, 1995)
 * There's a Star Above the Manger Tonight (Sub Pop Records, 1997)

title: Red Red Meat


text:
Geirangerfjord

The Geiranger Fjord  (Geirangerfjorden) is a fjord in the Sunnmøre region of Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. It is located entirely in the Stranda Municipality. It is a 15 km branch off the Sunnylvsfjorden, which is a branch off the Storfjorden (Great Fjord). The small village of Geiranger is located at the end of the fjord where the Geirangelva river empties into it.

The fjord
The fjord is one of Norway's most visited tourist sites. In 2005, it was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, jointly with the Nærøyfjorden. This status was challenged by the disputed plans to build power lines across the fjord.

A car ferry, which doubles as a sightseeing trip, is operated by Fjord1 Nordvestlandske. It runs lengthwise along the fjord between the small towns of Geiranger and Hellesylt. The fjord is scheduled to require zero-emissions ships in 2026.

Along the fjord's sides there lie a number of now-abandoned farms. Some restoration has been made by the Storfjordens venner association. The most commonly visited among these are Skageflå, Knivsflå, and Blomberg. Skageflå may also be reached on foot from Geiranger, while the others require a boat excursion. The fjord is also host to several waterfalls such as Seven Sisters Falls.

Magdalene Thoresen, Henrik Ibsen's mother-in-law, said of the area: "This fjord is surrounded by some of the steepest mountains on the entire west coast. It is very narrow and has no habitable shore area, for the precipitous heights rise in sheer and rugged strata almost straight out of the water. Foaming waterfalls plunge into the fjord from jagged peaks. There are, however, a few mountain farms here, and of these one or two have such hazardous access, by paths that wind around steep precipices, and by bridges that are fixed to the mountain with iron bolts and rings, that they bear witness in a most striking way to the remarkable powers of invention which the challenges of nature have developed in man."

Waterfalls
The two most notable waterfalls in the Geiranger Fjord are Seven Sisters Falls and the Suitor (Nynorsk Friaren). Both falls face one another across the fjord, and the Suitor is said to be trying to woo the sisters opposite.

The Bridal Veil is another waterfall in the fjord, so named because it falls delicately over one rocky edge, and when seen backlit by the sun it has the appearance of a thin veil over the rocks.

Rock slides
The Geiranger Fjord is under constant threat from the mountain Åkerneset which is about to erode into the fjord. A collapse would produce a tsunami, hitting several nearby towns including Geiranger and Hellesylt in about ten minutes.

In popular culture

 * The 2015 movie The Wave (Bølgen) is based on the premise of a rock slide from the mountain Åkerneset inundating the town of Geiranger.
 * Frozen used the landscapes of the Geirangerfjord and Nærøyfjord as basis for the landscapes of Arendelle.

title: Geirangerfjord


text:
Talk:Bank of America Tower at One Bryant Park

I merged the material from this article into Bank of America Tower, New York City. I did it for the following reasons:
 * The new title allows people not from the United States who want to find an article on the building to only have to have a general knowledge of where the building is located (ie. New York City being more broad than Bryant Park).
 * On the Bank of America page, the list of buildings had Bank of America Tower, New York City listed rather than Bank of America Tower at One Bryant Park.

I have credited the merged information and images to this article in the edit history in Bank of America Tower, New York City. Jaxl 15:00, 14 July 2005 (UTC)


text:
George Welsh (American football)

George Thomas Welsh (August 26, 1933 – January 2, 2019) was an American college football player and coach. He served as head football coach of the Navy Midshipmen football team of the United States Naval Academy from 1973 to 1981, and the Virginia Cavaliers football team of the University of Virginia from 1982 to 2000.

Welsh retired as the winningest coach in ACC history. Although that record was later surpassed by Bobby Bowden of Florida State, Welsh remains far and away the most successful coach in UVA history (his 134 wins are more than double those of runner-up Al Groh). He was named ACC Coach of the Year four times (1983, 1984, 1991 and 1995) and National Coach of the Year once (1991).

Upon Welsh's retirement after the 2000 season, his 189 career victories ranked him 24th in Division I-A history.

Welsh was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame as a coach in 2004.

Early life and career
Welsh was born in Coaldale, Pennsylvania. He played for the Navy Midshipmen from 1952 to 1955, and was a first-team All-American at quarterback in 1955. After graduating from the U.S. Naval Academy in 1956, he served as an assistant coach under Rip Engle and Joe Paterno at Penn State from 1963 to 1972.

Head coach at Navy
Welsh began his head coaching career at the U.S. Naval Academy in 1973. He inherited a Navy Midshipmen football program that had only had one winning season since the end of the Roger Staubach era. He led the Midshipmen to three bowl game appearances and their first nine-win season in 16 years. In nine seasons, Welsh compiled a record of 55–46–1, including a 7-1-1 record against Army. He left as Navy's all-time winningest coach, though he has since been passed by Ken Niumatalolo.

Head coach at UVA
In 1982, Welsh left Navy to become the head coach of the Virginia Cavaliers, who had just finished a 1-10 season. He walked into a situation even worse than the one he had inherited at Navy. Prior to his arrival, Virginia had only two winning seasons in the previous 29 years and had never been to a post-season bowl game. The Cavaliers had also only one winning record in Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) play, had only finished higher than fourth twice, and had only won 33 conference games in 29 years of ACC play.

Welsh turned around the program quickly. In his third season he led the Cavaliers to their first-ever bowl appearance, a victory in the 1984 Peach Bowl. In 1987, Virginia started a streak of 13 straight seasons with seven or more wins. This stretch included shared ACC titles in 1989 and 1995–to date, the only ACC titles in school history–and 11 additional bowl appearances. His teams also compiled four nine-win seasons, including a school-record 10 wins in 1989. His 1990 team was ranked No. 1 in both polls for two weeks in October—to date, the only time a Division I team from the Commonwealth has been ranked No. 1 in a major poll, and the highest that a team from the Commonwealth has ever been ranked at that point in the season. His 1995 team defeated Florida State 33-28 on November 2, the first time the Seminoles had lost a conference game since joining the conference.

Welsh retired after the 2000 season due to health concerns.

In 19 years as the Cavaliers' head coach, he became the most successful coach in school and Atlantic Coast Conference history. Before Welsh arrived at Virginia, the Cavaliers had won just 7 of their last 27 yearly football contests against rival Virginia Tech. During Welsh's head coaching career at UVa, his teams went 9-10 against Virginia Tech, including an 8-6 record against Hokies coach Frank Beamer. At one point during Welsh's coaching career at UVA, Virginia won 5 of 6 games against the Hokies, with 3 of the wins coming on Tech's home field. UVa firsts accomplished under Welsh:

 * First bowl appearance—1984 Peach Bowl vs. Purdue
 * First-ever unanimous All-America choice—1985, offensive tackle Jim Dombrowski
 * Signed UVA's first Parade All-American National football Player-Of-The-Year, 1988, running back Terry Kirby of Tabb (VA) High School
 * First 10-win season—1989, 10–3
 * First ACC Championship—1989
 * First victory over Clemson—1990
 * First time ranked #1—1990, 4 weeks
 * First team to beat Florida State in ACC play—1995

In 2009, Welsh was inducted into the Virginia Sports Hall of Fame.

Death
Welsh died at his home in Virginia on January 2, 2019, at the age of 85.

title: George Welsh (American football)


text:
List of people executed by the Tudors

This is a list of prominent people executed by the state during the reign of the Tudors. The list is not exhaustive.

title: List of people executed by the Tudors


text:
Talk:Thanjavur district

Fair use rationale for Image:Tnlogo.png
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Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot 05:00, 20 July 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:Thanjavur district


text:
Talk:First Monday

What about the Internet magazine "First Monday" (http://www.firstmonday.org/)? Shouldn't there be an article about it too, or at least some reference? It's probably better known than the TV series, at least outside the US...

 * In Wikipedia articles, there are 7 linking to the TV show and only 1 linking to the Internet magazine. There is also one ambiguous link.  I am not counting user pages.  I am not counting the Did You Know pages or the Main Page, as these links are temporary for featuring this article in DYK.

 * Anyone can create articles on Wikipedia, anonymous poster, though it's recommended that you start a free account first so that you can interact with other users. You could, for example, create a new article at First Monday (website) and create a link to it from the top of the First Monday article's page.  For general information on editing Wikipedia, see Help:Contents.  --LostLeviathan 09:24, 15 July 2005 (UTC)

Reason for cancellation?
What was the reason for the series' cancellation? Was it simply a matter of low ratings, or was there a more complicated reason? A link to a press release on the subject would be nice. --LostLeviathan 09:25, 15 July 2005 (UTC)

Change to "Right to Die"
Previous text included: "The case foreshadowed the real-life Terri Schiavo controversy that would gain national attention in 2005." I deleted this because a 2002 TV show is incapable of "foreshadowing" actual 2005 occurrences. Foreshadowing requires foreknowledge of the ending on the part of the writer, which could not have been the case here. Lemmiwinks.rex (talk) 01:30, 19 June 2008 (UTC)

Characters
Charles Durning's character is listed twice, as both main and supporting. I recommend a decision. ☺ Uncle G (talk) 22:16, 5 May 2014 (UTC)

Should we mention transphobia
Should we write something about the transphobia in the pilot episode? 81.101.132.217 (talk) 08:36, 12 August 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:First Monday


text:
Society of Dilettanti

The Society of Dilettanti (founded 1734) is a British society of noblemen and scholars that sponsored the study of ancient Greek and Roman art, and the creation of new work in the style.

History
Though the exact date is unknown, the Society is believed to have been established as a gentlemen's club in 1734 by a group of people who had been on the Grand Tour. Records of the earliest meeting of the society were written somewhat informally on loose pieces of paper. The first entry in the first minute book of the society is dated 5 April 1736.

In 1743, Horace Walpole condemned its affectations and described it as "... a club, for which the nominal qualification is having been in Italy, and the real one, being drunk: the two chiefs are Lord Middlesex and Sir Francis Dashwood, who were seldom sober the whole time they were in Italy."

The group, initially led by Francis Dashwood, contained several dukes and was later joined by Joshua Reynolds, David Garrick, Uvedale Price, and Richard Payne Knight, among others. It was closely associated with Brooks's, one of London's most exclusive gentlemen's clubs. The society quickly became wealthy, through a system in which members made contributions to various funds to support building schemes and archaeological expeditions.

The first artist associated with the group was George Knapton.

The Society of Dilettanti aimed to correct and purify the public taste of the country; from the 1740s, it began to support Italian opera. A few years before Joshua Reynolds became a member, the group worked towards the objective of forming a public academy, and from the 1750s, it was the prime mover in establishing the Royal Academy of Arts. In 1775, the club had accumulated enough money towards a scholarship fund for the purpose of supporting a student's travel to Rome and Greece, or for archaeological expeditions such as that of Richard Chandler, William Pars, and Nicholas Revett, the results of which they published in Ionian Antiquities, a major influence on neoclassicism in Britain.

Among the publications published at the expense of the society was The bronzes of Siris (London, 1836) by Danish archaeologist Peter Oluf Bronsted.

Membership
The society has 60 members, elected by secret ballot. An induction ceremony is held at Brooks's, an exclusive London gentleman's club. It makes annual donations to the British Schools in Rome and Athens, and a separate fund set up in 1984 provides financial assistance for visits to classical sites and museums.

Notable members

 * Thomas Anson (founder member)
 * Right Honourable Sir Joseph Banks
 * George Beaumont
 * Rev. Clayton Mordaunt Cracherode
 * Anthony Morris Storer, Esq.
 * Charles Crowle, Esq.
 * Henry Dawkins of Standlynch Hall, Wiltshire
 * Francis Dashwood, 11th Baron le Despencer (founder member)
 * Lord Dundas
 * Sir Henry Englefield
 * Stephen Payne-Gallwey, Esq.
 * David Garrick
 * Major General Claude Martin
 * Sir James Gray, 2nd Baronet (founder member)
 * Sir George Gray, 3rd Baronet (founder member)
 * The Honourable Charles Francis Greville
 * Sir William Hamilton (diplomat)
 * Thomas Hope
 * Philip Metcalfe (from 1786)
 * Richard Payne Knight (from 1781)
 * Duke of Leeds
 * Constantin John Lord Murlgrave
 * Uvedale Price
 * Sir Joshua Reynolds (from 1766)
 * Lord Seaforth
 * John Spencer, 1st Earl Spencer
 * Spencer Stanhope, Esq.
 * Sir John Taylor, 1st Baronet
 * Richard Thompson, Esq.
 * Sir Anthony R. Wagner, Garter Principal King of Arms
 * William Wilkins
 * Sir Watkin Williams-Wynn, 4th Baronet
 * Charles Williams-Wynn (the elder)
 * Sir Charles Williams-Wynn (the younger)
 * Charles Towneley, antiquary and collector

References and sources

 * References

 * Sources
 * The Penguin Dictionary of British and Irish History, editor: Juliet Gardiner
 * This article incorporates text from:The Life of Sir Joshua Reynolds, Volume 2, James Northcote, 1819
 * Members of the Society of Dilettanti, 1736–1874, edited by Sir William Frazer. Chiswick Press.
 * Members of the Society of Dilettanti, 1736–1874, edited by Sir William Frazer. Chiswick Press.

title: Society of Dilettanti


text:
User talk:Brainwasher~enwiki

A man who prefers breasts over buttocks or legs.

Tit Man
Come on - you can do better than this - can't you? If not - sorry! :) A curate's egg 14:59, 14 July 2005 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
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Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Brainwasher. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Brainwasher~enwiki that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name. If you think you might own all of the accounts with this name and this message is in error, please visit Special:MergeAccount to check and attach all of your accounts to prevent them from being renamed.

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Renamed
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title: User talk:Brainwasher~enwiki


text:
Benjamin Aga

Benjamin Aga (Karaim: Беньямин Агъа; died 1824) was the leader of the Crimean Karaites. He was the royal treasurer of Şahin Giray, the last Crimean Khan, and therefore is called in Karaite literature ha-Neeman ("the Trusted")—an appellation bestowed also upon his father Samuel, who died in 1770, and who probably held the same office under former khans. When Şahin Giray fled for his life from his rebellious subjects, and sought succor from his protectress Catherine II in St. Petersburg, Benjamin Aga followed him, hoping to collect the large sums of money that he had advanced to the fugitive. Following the last partition of Poland in 1795, after Crimea had been under Russian rule for over a decade, Vilnius, Lutsk and Trakai came under Russian Rule. Benjamin Aga, Solomon ben Nahamu Bobowitz, and the astronomer Isaac of Kalea, the son-in-law of Jacob Aga, who was the elder brother of Benjamin, went to St. Petersburg as a delegation from the Crimean Karaites, to petition the empress to release their sect from the double rate of taxation which all the Jews then had to pay. Through the intervention of Count Nikolay Zubov, the delegation obtained from the empress the exemption from the "Jewish" taxes, some land grants, and other privileges which had not been asked for. This established an important precedent for exempting the Karaites from subsequent anti-Jewish legislation. The extraordinary success of the mission served to arouse great enthusiasm among the Karaites, and Aga and his fellow delegates were received with great honor on their return. A large monolith, fashioned out of marble, with fitting inscription, was erected in the court of the kenesa at Eupatoria, to commemorate an event so important in the history of the Karaites of Russia.

title: Benjamin Aga


text:
Joel Wapnick

Joel Wapnick (born 1946) is a Scrabble player from Montreal, Quebec, Canada, best known for winning the 1999 World Scrabble Championship (WSC).

Wapnick reached the WSC finals in 1993 and 2001. Wapnick also won the US National Scrabble Championship in 1983 and the Canadian National Scrabble Championship in 1998 and 2011, along with a string of other events. Wapnick and Adam Logan (WSC 2005, US NSC 1996, CNSC 1996, 2006, 2008, 2013) are the only players so far to have won the WSC, the US NSC and the CNSC. Wapnick also placed second in the National Scrabble Championship in 1992 and third in both 1988 and 2009. Since his career began in 1976, he has played in at least 2,688 tournament games, winning about 63%, and earning over $80,000 in prize money.

Wapnick has published three books on Scrabble, the most recent of which is How to Play SCRABBLE Like a Champion (Puzzlewright Press, 2010). He has also published a novel, The View North from Liberal Cemetery (Wapiti Press, 2014).

Wapnick is a professor emeritus of music, McGill University, Montreal.

title: Joel Wapnick


text:
Talk:Bank of America Tower (Manhattan)

Merging
The introduction, "ecotower.jpg", "One Bryant Park constructio.jpg", and The Durst Organization link were merged from Bank of America Tower at One Bryant Park, which now redirects here. Jaxl 15:01, 14 July 2005 (UTC)

If you'd rather someone else review it feel free to ping me  A. C. Santacruz  ⁂  Talk  17:56, 14 September 2021 (UTC)

Still under construction???
Is it possible that the tower is still under consruction as of August 2009? The building has been topped out in December 2007. Can the construction works take a so long time? The Burj Dubai in Dubai is ready for occupancy in September 2009, and it has been topped in January 2009. In comparison, the Burj Dubai is taller than two Bank of America Towers. The building should be finsihed since winter 2008/9. --Jerchel (talk) 12:03, 22 August 2009 (UTC)

Well, the CTBUH updated their list recently, and they say that it is now complete. They typically don't label buildings as "completed" until they are at least partially occupied.

Link: http://www.ctbuh.org/Portals/0/Tallest/CTBUH_Tallest100.pdf —Preceding unsigned comment added by 64.234.100.114 (talk) 17:40, 26 August 2009 (UTC)

How many floors
In this article I see 58 floors heigth. Under the photo I see 55 floors. I see three sites that mention 54 floors, and no sites that mention some other number. I should say 54. Any comment? Salix2 (talk) 21:27, 11 May 2010 (UTC)

 * My comment is 54 or 58, there should be some mention of why the shorter Chrysler building has 77 floors. There must be an extraordinary difference in floor height or something. 72.228.177.92 (talk) 00:39, 27 May 2011 (UTC)

Reviews
Despite the fact that this is the second tallest building in New York City, I can't find any relevant reviews of the architecture. It would be nice to include a section on that if possible.Sylvain1972 (talk) 16:28, 28 June 2011 (UTC)

The Spire
What is it used for? Or is it purely cosmetic? What drove the owners, or whoever, to build it? It's a "curiosity".. --HawkFest (talk) 13:57, 27 May 2015 (UTC)

External links modified
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title: Talk:Bank of America Tower (Manhattan)


text:
Panyjima language

Panyjima is an Australian Aboriginal language spoken in the Hamersley Range, in the Pilbara region of Western Australia. It is the traditional language of the Panyjima people. The name has also been spelled Bandjima, Banjima, Banyjima, Paanjima, Pandjima, Panjima, Panjtjima, and Panytyima.

Like most indigenous Australian languages, Panyjima is endangered. Younger generations have English as a first language and make little distinction between Panyjima and its closely related neighbouring languages. There is a formal language register known as padupadu.

Classification
Panyjima is classified as a member of the Ngayarta branch of the Pama–Nyungan languages. Under Carl Georg von Brandenstein's 1967 classification, Martuthunira was classed as an Inland Ngayarda language, but the separation of the Ngayarda languages into Coastal and Inland groups is no longer considered valid.

Phonology
Orthography in brackets when it differs from IPA.

Vowels
The long vowels are rare.

Accusative alignment
Unlike most Australian languages, which exhibit ergativity, Panyjima and the other Ngayarta languages have an accusative alignment. That is, the subjects of transitive verbs are treated the same as the subjects of intransitive verbs, while the objects are treated differently.

title: Panyjima language


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Lick It Up

Lick It Up is the eleventh studio album by American rock band Kiss. Before its 1983 release, the band members appeared on MTV without their trademark make-up. It was the first public appearance without make-up by the band, and their first for Mercury Records, where they had been signed following their departure from Casablanca Records. The album was certified platinum by the RIAA for selling over a million units in the US.

Recording and release
As soon as the Creatures of the Night Tour/10th Anniversary Tour wrapped up in June, the band immediately went back into the studio to begin work on their next album, which was recorded over the next two months. Lick It Up built upon the harder sound Kiss had displayed on 1982's Creatures of the Night. While Vinnie Vincent contributed lead guitar to six songs on Creatures of the Night as a session player, by the time Lick It Up was released and for all the public knew, he was officially the guitarist in Kiss and played all the lead guitar on the album. For the first time, Vincent appeared on the cover art for the album, whereas Ace Frehley had appeared on the Creatures of the Night cover, despite having already left the band and not being involved in the recording of the album. The opening track (co-written by Vincent) features a solo from Rick Derringer.

"Lick It Up" and "All Hell's Breakin' Loose" were released as singles from the album. They were accompanied by a pair of similarly themed, tongue-in-cheek videos featuring the band (along with many scantily clad women) in desolate, post-apocalyptic settings. "All Hell's Breakin' Loose" is one of three songs in the history of the band in which all four (current at the time) members share songwriting credit, the others being "Love Theme from Kiss" from their debut album and "Back to the Stone Age" from Monster.

Vincent membership
Vincent was not legally a member of the band. Due partly to disputes over what his role in the band and his pay would be (some reports indicated that he had asked for, and was flatly denied, a percentage of the band's gross profits), Vincent never signed any contract making his employment official. These disputes, along with a growing attitude by him that he was solely responsible for the resurgence of Kiss, would lead to him leaving the band (or being fired, depending on the source) after the European leg of the Lick It Up tour.

With the band unable to secure a replacement guitarist on such short notice, Vincent was enticed to return for the American leg of the tour; however, his refusal to sign his contract continued to be a sore point. A major rift developed between him and the rest of the band over his guitar solos. What were supposed to be 5–8 minute solos, timed to finish on a cue so that Paul Stanley could introduce the next song, suddenly extended in some instances, leaving the rest of the band impatiently waiting on stage for Vincent to finish.

During a performance in January 1984, at the Long Beach Arena; Vincent’s solo had gone on for an extended period of time, despite Stanley cueing him to finish the solo. The two nearly engaged into an altercation in the dressing room afterwards, with Stanley accusing Vincent of directing most of the attention at himself, and Vincent accusing the other three members of ruining his solo, claiming they were trying to limit him as a performer. The two were separated by Eric Carr and Gene Simmons and multiple roadies during the argument. At a March show in Quebec, Canada, as the band prepared to close out their set, Vincent broke into an impromptu solo, leaving the other band members standing on stage with nothing to do. Vincent left (or was fired for a second time, depending on the source) shortly after. This time, the break was permanent.

Reception and legacy
The album marked a turnaround from the band's flagging fortunes of the previous several years and successfully introduced them to a new generation of fans, as well as marking the beginning of the "unmasked" era that would last for the next decade. In an interview for KISSology 2, Stanley said that "people were now listening with their eyes rather than their ears, mainly because Creatures of the Night was arguably a better album than Lick It Up." He also made the statement that "The only reason why I think people bought Lick It Up more than Creatures of the Night was because we had no make-up on. That was the only reason."

Lick It Up was certified gold on December 22, 1983, the first Kiss album to achieve certification since 1980's Unmasked. It was certified platinum in the US on December 19, 1990. Kerrang! listed Lick It Up at No. 3 on its year-end list of the best hard rock albums of 1983. In 2011, the album placed at No. 10 in Guitar World's readers poll of the top 10 guitar albums of 1983.

The video for "All Hell's Breakin' Loose" was nominated for Best Cinematography at the 1984 MTV Video Music Awards.

The song "Lick It Up" is a staple of the band's live performances. Due to its popularity among fans, Kiss has performed the song over 1,500 times as of December 2022, making it one of the group's top ten most played pieces.

Track listing
All credits adapted from the original release.

Personnel

 * Kiss
 * Paul Stanley – vocals, rhythm guitar, producer, bass on "Gimme More"
 * Gene Simmons – vocals, bass, producer
 * Eric Carr – drums, percussion, backing vocals
 * Vinnie Vincent – lead guitar, backing vocals

 * Additional musician
 * Rick Derringer – guitar solo on "Exciter"

 * Production
 * Michael James Jackson – producer
 * Frank Filipetti – engineer, mixing
 * Rob Freeman – basic tracks engineer on "Lick It Up", "Dance All Over Your Face", and "And on the 8th Day"
 * Maria Marquis, Stephen Benben – assistant engineers
 * Dave Wittman, Dave Caccavo – additional engineering
 * George Marino – mastering at Sterling Sound, New York

title: Lick It Up


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Talk:Bar None Records

I am not sure of any other bands that worked under this label, nor am I sure what ever happened to them. They may have closed up, been bought out, or changed their name. I can't find out which happened, if anything. --Charron 15:07, 14 July 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Bar None Records


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Carl Wilhelm Erich Zimmer

Carl Wilhelm Erich Zimmer (Sondershausen, 29 September 1873 – Hüll bei Wolnzach, 8 November 1950) was a German zoologist specialising in crustaceans, especially the order Cumacea.

He studied zoology at the universities of Strasbourg, Munich and Breslau, receiving his doctorate in 1897. In 1912 he was appointed second director at the Zoological State Collection of Munich, where in 1917 he became director. From 1924 to 1937 he was a full professor and director of the zoological museum in Berlin.

The crustacean genus Zimmeriana ( Hale, 1946 ; family Gynodiastylidae) commemorates his name, as do species with the epithet of zimmeri, including three species of frogs (Arthroleptis zimmeri, Oreophryne zimmeri, and Pseudophilautus zimmeri) and a species of lizard (Sphenomorphus zimmeri). He is the taxonomic authority for the krill species Euphausia hanseni.

Selected publications

 * Die Cumaceen der "Deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition", 1908 – Cumacea from the German Deepsea-Expedition. (in German).
 * Südwestafrikanische Schizopoden, 1912 – Southwest African Schizopoda. (in German).
 * Untersuchungen an diastyliden (Ordnung Cumacea), 1930 – Research of Diastylidae (order Cumacea). (in German).
 * "California Crustacea of the order Cumacea"; translated into English, 1937.
 * Cumacea, 1941.
 * "Cumaceans of the American Atlantic boreal coast region (Crustacea, Peracarida)"; translated into English, 1979.

title: Carl Wilhelm Erich Zimmer


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Boston Corner, New York

Boston Corner is a hamlet of the town of Ancram in Columbia County, New York, United States and the town of Northeast in Dutchess County. The District of Boston Corner was incorporated by Massachusetts in 1838 from a tract of unincorporated land west of the town of Mount Washington, Massachusetts, and was ceded from Massachusetts to New York on January 11, 1855, because its geographical isolation from the rest of Massachusetts made maintaining law and order difficult.

Three railroads—New York Central's Harlem Line, the Poughkeepsie and Eastern Railway, and the Rhinebeck and Connecticut Railroad—once served the hamlet. The New York Central stop was called Boston Corners station. All lines have since been abandoned.

1878 description
"Boston Corners is a small hamlet situated at the junction of the three railroads running through the town. It contains one hotel, one store, one blacksmith-shop, a fine depot, and about a dozen dwellings, of which nearly half are [to the south] in the town of North East, in Dutchess County. The name was given to the locality when the State of Massachusetts owned the triangular tract of land lying west of the Taghkanic [i.e. Taconic] mountains. The mountain formed an almost impassable barrier between this spot and the seat of civil authority, and it became a sort of 'city of refuge' for criminals and outlaws of all classes, who fled to it to escape from the reach of the officers of the law. On this account it also became a resort of prize-fighters, who could here carry out their brutal and inhuman purposes secure from the interference of the authorities. The celebrated fight between John Morrissey and Yankee Sullivan occurred here. For these reasons it finally became necessary to make some change to enable the civil authorities to enforce the laws protective of peace and property, and in December 1848, the inhabitants petitioned to be annexed to the State of New York. The State of Massachusetts consented in May 1853. The cession was accepted by New York, July 21, 1853; confirmed by Congress, Jan. 3, 1855; and the corner was annexed to Ancram NY, April 13, 1857.

The first hotel-keeper here was a man named Albison, who also kept a store. His building was on the site of the present hotel, and was torn down in 1857–58, and rebuilt by Abram I. Vosburgh, whose son M. B. Vosburgh, is the present proprietor. On a brick was found the date of the erection, but it is not remembered, and the brick is lost. Albison also owned a grist-mill, a carding-machine, a fulling and cloth-dressing mill, and a saw-mill, all located on the brook near the present depot. These buildings were abandoned and torn down many years ago, the last one being demolished by the New York and Harlem railroad in 1852. This property was also owned among others by Horace Langdon, Jacob Decker, Andris Van Deusen, James Freeman, and Milo Barnum, father of William H. Barnum, the present United States senator from Connecticut, who was born here.

David Williams started the first blacksmith-shop about 1818. He was a Welshman and came from New Jersey. His shop was on the corner near the line of the town of North East.

Smith Vosburgh kept the first store, near the depot, at the place now kept by Eugene McIntyre."

Although the above description implies the Morrissey/Sullivan fight (and resulting riot) was a primary cause for the annexation, those events actually took place on October 12, 1853, twelve weeks after the cession was agreed to by both states but more than a year before Congress made the transfer official.

title: Boston Corner, New York


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Hollinwood, Greater Manchester

Hollinwood is an area and electoral ward of the Metropolitan Borough of Oldham, Greater Manchester, England. The population at the 2011 census was 10,920.

Bisected by the A62 road, Hollinwood is southwest of Oldham, contiguous with the towns of Chadderton and Failsworth, at Junction 22 of the M60 motorway.

History
Historically part of Lancashire, Hollinwood in pre-industrial times was a moor or common on the borders of Chadderton and Oldham. The rights to the land were disputed by the townships with Chadderton claiming 8 acres, but a 1713 court settlement stipulated that Hollinwood Moor should be within Oldham. The mid to late 18th century saw Hollinwood develop into a village. Mid 19th century gazetteers described Hollinwood as 'an extensive village in the townships of Chadderton and Oldham'. In 1880 there were further exchanges of land in the Hollinwood area between Oldham Borough and Chadderton township.

James Butterworth (1826) described it as being of 66.5 Cheshire acres (approx. 140 statute acres). It was enclosed by the Oldham Enclosure Acts (42 and 43 George III; May 1802). Hollinwood's mills such as the Heron, Fox, Asia, Wharf, Richmond and Park were later built on what had been the Hollinwood Common. The Chapel Road playing fields is one of the few open spaces remaining in the district. The pitches occupy the site of a former reservoir serving a now-defunct stretch of the Hollinwood Branch Canal.

Long existing as an industrial district, Hollinwood is today home to the Northern Counties Housing Association, and Mirror Colour Print Ltd; the printing division of the Trinity Mirror group, which prints and distributes thirty-six major newspapers, and employs five hundred staff.

From the late 19th century, the area was largely occupied by workers in Oldham's cotton mills and miners at the large collieries at Oak and Bower, and several smaller ones. Much of Hollinwood's more recent growth was due to the Ferranti factory which produced power transformers in its heyday. Later the factory produced container lifting trucks as the building had the height to do so. The transformer works building, built after the war on the old Bower site, is now used as a newspaper printing plant. A neighbouring, much older, Ferranti factory produced electricity meters. The meter factory was sold to Siemens in the 1980s and became known as FML; Siemens later closed the FML factory.

Hollinwood was struck by an F1/T2 tornado on 23 November 1981, as part of the record-breaking nationwide tornado outbreak on that day. The tornado later moved over Oldham town centre, causing further damage.

Until its closure in 2005 Hollinwood was home to the popular Roxy Cinema. The Roxy opened on 20 December 1937 screening the film 'Fire Over England'. Seating was provided in stalls and circle levels for 1,406 and there was a cinema cafe. Saturday matinées for children were extremely popular. In 1978 the cinema was split into two screens, then in 1981 it became a three screen cinema. Further sub-division occurred to create six screens which seated:470, 130, 260, 260 320 and 96. In 1998 a seventh screen was added. In 2002 the Roxy received a £100,000 upgrade. After closure the Roxy was subsequently demolished in February 2007.

Several other cinemas existed in the Hollinwood area during the early to mid 20th century period including the La Scala and The Queens.

There was a very busy Hollinwood market, on Hollins road near to the junction with Oldham Road, one day a week for many years.

Governance

Hollinwood was once a chapelry of the ecclesiastical parish of Prestwich-cum-Oldham, in the Hundred of Salford. The Parish Church, St. Margret of Antioch is still under the patronage of the Rector of Prestwich, though this position is currently suspended.

Until local government re-organisation in 1974, part of Hollinwood lay within the Chadderton Urban District in the administrative county of Lancashire. This area is now divided between the Hollinwood and South Chadderton ward districts.

As part of the town of Oldham, Hollinwood forms part of the wider Metropolitan Borough of Oldham. Politically, after the 2023 local elections the Hollinwood ward is represented by three Conservative Party councillors, who flipped all three seats of the previously  Labour Party held ward.

The boundaries of the Hollinwood ward were changed in 2003 following a Boundary Commission review. The part of Hollinwood lying west of the M60 motorway now lies in Failsworth East ward while part of Oldham St Paul's ward was transferred to Hollinwood. The ward currently comprises the rest of Hollinwood and the adjoining localities of Hollins, Garden Suburb and Limeside (also known as Limehurst Village).

Hollinwood is part of the parliamentary constituency of Oldham West and Royton.

Geography
Hollinwood is included in the 5% most economically deprived wards in the United Kingdom.

The Hollinwood Branch Canal used to pass through the district. The last vestiges of the canal in Hollinwood were destroyed by the works for the M60 motorway. Those parts of the branch canal which still exist are not in Hollinwood.

Hollinwood was changed substantially by the M60 motorway (completed in 2000) which passes to the south of Manchester.

St Margaret of Antioch (Church of England)
Prior to 1760, the villagers of Hollinwood would have to travel to Oldham St Mary's for services. The emergence of a village at Hollinwood during the mid 18th century necessitated the building of a church there. The new church dedicated to St. Margaret of Antioch (Church of England) was completed by 1768 and was consecrated by the Bishop of Chester on 8 July 1769. The builder was Edmund Whitehead, and an account of his work was recorded on his gravestone in the churchyard. It is said that the cost of building was only £500 and that a grant towards this was received from Queen Anne's Bounty. The church was smaller than the present building and when built had no tower, the current church building dating from 1877. A tower was added in 1904. The church is a grade II listed building.

Recent years has seen further restoration. Grants from English Heritage, the Heritage Lottery Fund, National Churches Trust and others have allowed the church to complete two major restoration projects to date: phase one – restoration of the tower, and phase two – the replacement and restoration of the roofs of the north aisle, nave, transept, chancel and sacristy. Further funding for urgent roof restoration work was secured in 2017, saving the church from closure.

Other churches in Hollinwood
The late 19th century saw a number of churches established in Hollinwood, many of which have now closed including:-

The Memorial Church - It was founded before 1895 and closed in 1988. The Hollinwood Congregational Church (earlier in its history known as The Memorial Church or Chapel) was situated on the corner where Pump Street intersected with Manchester Road. The church building faced onto Manchester Road with the Sunday School building behind it taking the length of Pump Street. In view of plans for the motorway and declining numbers the church building was sold and the church united with Beulah Baptist Church where the members continue to meet and worship. The building, which had become a warehouse, has since been demolished. It was well known because of the prominence of its clock tower.

St James (Free Church of England). It was founded in 1870. The original church closed in 1972 for widening the A62 Road when they moved to Byron Street/Grammar School Road. The church closed in 2008.

Beulah (Baptist), Withins Road, founded in 1891 and still in existence.

Bethesda (Baptist), Milton Street, founded in 1895, closed at a date unknown.

Hollins Road (Baptist), circa late 19th century, date of closure unknown.

Alford Street (Welsh Congregational), it was founded before 1892. It closed in 1978.

Hudson Street (Methodist), it was founded in 1877. It closed in 1976.

Bourne Street (Methodist), it was founded in 1832 and closed in 1922.

Byron Street/Hive Street (Spiritualist), circa late 19th century, date of closure unknown

Holy Family (Roman Catholic), Roman Road, founded in 1958–present. Prior to 1958 Holy Family parish was a constituent part of the extensive parish of Corpus Christi which included all of Hollinwood, Hollins, Limeside, parts of Werneth and much of central and south Chadderton.

Bible Mission Church, Old Lane, founded in 1896.

Salvation Army, Manchester Road. Founded: 1925 Closed: 1995

Hollins Road (Methodist), it was founded in 1894. It closed in 1960.

St John (Manchester Road, Methodist), it was founded in 1839. It closed in 1958.

Hollins (Methodist), Millgate, founded in 1840. Still open in 2015.

Transport
Hollinwood is linked to Manchester and Oldham via the A62 road. The M60 motorway links the area to Stockport, Manchester Airport and the Trafford Centre.

The area is served by Hollinwood tram stop on the Manchester Metrolink line between East Didsbury and Rochdale. Services generally run every 12 minutes in each direction during the day. The area was previously served by Hollinwood railway station, which was part of the Oldham Loop Line. However, the line closed in October 2009 and the converted line reopened in June 2012.

There are frequent buses running through Hollinwood between Manchester city centre and Oldham on First Greater Manchester's 83 overground service. There is also a frequent services running towards Manchester city centre with services 180 and 184 and to Huddersfield/Saddleworth via Oldham. These were once Limited Stop (Express) services but lost this status in 2004. Other destinations which can be reached from Hollinwood on the bus are Ashton-under-Lyne, Chadderton, Huddersfield and Saddleworth.

Notable people
British Olympic freestyle swimming champion, Henry Taylor was born in Hollinwood.

Prolific twentieth-century hangman Albert Pierrepoint owned a public house on Manchester Road named "Help the Poor Struggler". This pub however was demolished when work began on the M60 motorway.

Hannah Beswick (died 1785), from Birchin Bower in Hollinwood, had a pathological fear of premature burial. Her fear was such that her will specified her body be kept aboveground, and that once a year, in the presence of two witnesses, the veil was to be lifted from her face, to look for signs of life. This eccentric will made Beswick a celebrity, and her mummified body was donated to the Manchester Museum and put on public display in the entrance hall, with the soubriquet Manchester Mummy.

title: Hollinwood, Greater Manchester