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Talk:Heungseon Daewongun

Name
I don't agree with the name of this article. Almost every article on the Wikipedia (which are about people) has the born, or the most known name of the person. Why isn't this article just called Yi Ha-eung? Keep it real! He was a person, a human, not a divine king or something else. Oppashi (talk) 14:13, 16 August 2014 (UTC)

 * Strong disagree; most articles are titled according to WP:COMMONNAME. He is overwhelmingly referred to as the Heungseon Daewongun in both English- and Korean-language literature. 187.190.191.57 (talk) 03:29, 21 April 2024 (UTC)

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Talk:Instinct

Mechanism
Does anyone know how an instinct is passed on from generation to generation? What is the physiological mechanism for this to occur?

We know that certain traits are passed on genetically. Are instincts also passed on this way, through the DNA?

For example, how do babies know to look for and suck on the nipple of their mothers? Obviously no one taught them that. Then how do they know?

Have humans found this out yet or not?

Thanks. 202.165.255.18 17:30, 17 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Genes shape the structure of the nervous system. In humans, the structure of the nervous system predisposes us towards certain patterns of behavior. The key issue is how genes form certain patterns of neuronal networks in the brain. Gerald Edelman wrote a book called "Topobiology" that describes the basic mechanisms by which genes control morphogenesis. --Memenen 23:51, 25 July 2005 (UTC)
 * So the answer is "no, not yet". Lehasa (talk) 11:01, 25 September 2017 (UTC)

True Examples of Human Instinct
There is enormous debate, it seems, between established science and psychologists as to whether instinct in humans actually exists. I am trying to research the subject for an up-and-coming book and need to find some good examples of true human instincts that have survived the passage of time, but which now have little or no real bearing in modern life. If anyone can help with this I will be very grateful, particularly if the theory is backed up with credible research references or published science papers.

 * Here is the first list of human instincts I found on Google. --Memenen 23:41, 25 July 2005 (UTC)
 * The line really needs to be drawn between instinct and reflexes. Getting a snakebite and quickly pulling your foot away is a reflex. Picking up a leaf you've never seen in your life and rubbing it against the bite which neutrilizes the poison is instinct.
 * That sounds more like intuition to me. Clearly this is a matter of hot debate, but the fact we can override certain instincts with intelligence for social reasons (such as mating behaviour or aggressiveness towards an individual we dislike) does not mean those instincts don't exist - just that we suppress them, usually with consequences for our own mental health. Also, I think we need to be careful with accepting psychological theory as the rule for human behaviour - it's a branch of the arts and fundamentally uses statistics and studies and *support* openions, but the field of psychology is still a body of openion at the end of the day. It is not a science with a clear right and wrong. 203.11.72.4 04:19, 29 January 2007 (UTC)

That book's from 1906! Surely instincts must bear some relation to the definition of what defines an organism: nutrition, excretion, respiration, reproduction, growth, movement, sensitivity (=response to stimuli). I'm not a psychologist, but I do recognise that it's not purely opinion like in history or art criticism; researchers may have prejudices, but experiments still have to be objective even if results are used to support a particular premiss.

What I think the danger is, is that people regard instinct as an emotional thing. It's probably more useful to regard organisms, whether bacteria or human, as agglomerations of chemicals in a physical universe that act and react in unison. We don't expect an atom, or for that matter a protein, to have any particular motivation to sustain itself or reproduce; so for me, I would expect instinct to be based on some irresistable, involuntary reaction (knowing, as I do, that chemical reactions are large scale physical reactions of electrons and other particles). So I propose that instinct may be a chain reaction at a sub-molecular level, that, at a higher level seems like an involuntary response: like swallowing, coughing, sneezing, shivering, breathing, sweating (or farting, in my case!).

The brain is extremely complex so it is no surprise that there is debate. But to deny instinct outright seems absurd. Fear is tied in with instinct. The instinct to run away, hesitate or to kill. The fact that we can override our instincts or that they can even be tied into our higher brain functions complicates matters immensely. For example, we have a survival instinct and it has been confirmed that some people for one biological reason or another have an absent or reduced sense of danger. Yet our sense of danger can be both learnt and apparently innate (common phobias). You can learn what are sharp objects and to fear them. Your brain can even work out to trigger a fear response in a novel situation.

Useful Sources
I just found this source. It appears to be of use. I'm just walking out the door, but I plan on working on the article upon my return. Figured I'd provide you all with this source, since the article is now COTW.

 * http://www.sparknotes.com/biology/animalbehavior/instinct/

- Cobra Ky (talk, contribs) 21:47, 13 November 2005 (UTC)

 * Possibly another good source.
 * http://spartan.ac.brocku.ca/~lward/Angell/Angell_1906/Angell_1906_p.html
 * k, i'm out. - Cobra Ky [[Image:Flag of the United States.svg|25px]] (talk, contribs) 21:53, 13 November 2005 (UTC)

Friedrich Nietzsche and his philosophy of the "will to power" may deserve minor inclusion as well. - Cobra Ky (talk, contribs) 21:58, 13 November 2005 (UTC)

Improper Image Choice

 * While this image is cool and all I don't think it really belongs on this page. Sure nipple sucking is an instinct but this image has way too much else going on and distracts rather than adds to the information Headlouse 01:11, 16 November 2005 (UTC)
 * I agree, in fact the image could go on the article for alex grey, considering it dosen't have any at the moment. -- Mr . Dude †@£К ║  Çøת†яĭβü†ĬŎИ 18:24, 20 November 2005 (UTC)
 * It is an arresting image, but, as Headlouse said, it's distracting. Joyous | Talk 19:25, 20 November 2005 (UTC)
 * There's a much calmer image of a breastfeeding baby at breastfeeding. Joyous | Talk 19:31, 20 November 2005 (UTC)
 * Well, I bit the bullet and made the changes as suggested above. Alex Grey now has a picture and the breastfeeding image is also on instinct. -- 16:41, 21 November 2005 (UTC)

This Subject Needs Elaboration
My interest in instinct lies not with how academics would prefer to categorize certain human behaviors, such as recoiling from a snake, but rather with the poorly explained behavioral predispositions that many animals possess (including a select few human tendencies, such as a documented, innate fear of falling/heights). I cannot do much in the way of improvements myself, but I feel this article is SOREly lacking in breadth.

I also deem the first question of this discussion to be most provocative, as I've been trying to find a way to reconcile Darwin and Larmarck, Baldwin for a while now. I haven't found a comprehensive answer to any of the lingering questions regarding the behavioral tendiencies of an organism that are not learned but seemingly can't possibly have been transferred via genetic material not affected by direct influence of the parent's experience. The teat-suckling may be a poor example of this. A better one may be the rats that become generationally better at solving a maze, a universal fear of predatory species, or certain simians' talents for using tools to obtain food. Studies of a culture of lactose-intolerant E Coli that quickly adapted so as to tolerate lactose may not be completely germane, but are worth note.

 * To get an idea of what instinctive behaviour actually is and how important the genetic component is read this article: ^ Dilger, W.C.; 1962; The behavior of Lovebirds; Scientific American

The genetic component of the behaviour becomes very clear in the nesting behaviour of hybrids, which is a totally erratic non functional mixture of the parent species behaviours.

The pathway between DNA and these elaborate behavior patterns is one of the big challenges for science, at least for me it is not easy to conceive such a direct relation with proteins produced in certain braincells and the subsequent subtle changes in behaviour.Viridiflavus (talk) 21:16, 24 December 2008 (UTC)

NPOV
I'm (instintively!) not really very happy with this sentence...

Instinct provides a response to external stimuli, which moves an organism to action, unless overridden by intelligence, which is creative and more versatile

I just think there's a presupposition that intelligence is superior to instinct, and I'd like to see this statement qualified in some way, because it sounds subjective to me.

My question is, is it possible for instinct to over-ride intelligence; or is intelligence driven subliminally by instincts?

For example: Does a human suppress their urge to act upon the instinct to mate or attack; or are there are spectrum of instincts at play, such as the instinct to form a group and not to compromise the values of the group so as to be ostracised (i.e. as a sex pest, or violent criminal)?

I'm personally trying to find credible sources to put the case that there are several instincts in a hierarchy, but interlinked. The instinct to survive must be the top one, then you may have sub-instincts such as: competition, territorialism, procreation, QoL-seeking, learning, and group-forming; and they all interact to check each other, essentiall ensuring that the top ones of survival and reproduction are not compromised. It might then make sense to say that behaviour that conflicts with instincts are maladaptive, rather than advanced and overriding.

Regardless of whether I do find credible sources that do support this thought, there needs to be more referenced and qualified material in this piece, so that there isn't the whiff of a-priori supposition.

It takes one to know one 19:55, 26 March 2007 (UTC)Promsan

 * I see no problem with the above sentence. It doesn't suggest intelligence is superior, it merely states intelligence is creative and more versatile, which is the truth; instinct is by definition inflexible.  This is not to say one is superior to the other, as both instinctive and learned behaviour can lead to greater benefit or harm to the organism in certain scenarios. 91.109.185.114 (talk) 13:30, 26 January 2008 (UTC)
 * The sentence doesn't 'merely state'; it judges, expressing an opinion, that intelligence is more creative and versatile. What is the evidence that intelligence is more versatile? Intelligence is possibly more versatile in conditions where it has sufficient information, but the value of instincts surely is to provide the organism with a course of action when it has insufficient experience or information to know how to act.--174.7.56.10 (talk) 19:54, 27 May 2013 (UTC)

Contradiction in the article
In the introduction, one can read:
 * "In humans they (instincts) are most easily observed in behaviors such as emotions, sexual drive, and other bodily functions"

In the "overview" section on the other hand, it is written that:
 * "Instinct should not be confused with responses that an organism is born with such as breathing, hunger, sex drive etc."

Could someone fix this? Is sex drive an instinct or not? Also, it seems to me that the article could do with a lot more sources, especially in the intro and the overview (which also states that "humans as a matter of speaking have no instincts past the early stages of infancy" without providing a reference). IronChris |  (talk) 21:56, 23 May 2007 (UTC)

 * I think there's some crucial evidence about instincts that must be included on this page that sheds some light on the chemical processes that produce instincts:

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2006/07/060728103827.htm
 * It's also important not to confuse instincts with intuitions and adaptive social behaviours. Instinct is by definition innate genetic programming essential for any living organism species to persist: it's the firmware for the basic cognitive functions of your electro-chemical data-processor (aka "brain"); in other words, things like "jealousy" and "blinking" don't qualify as instincts: the former is an emotion (a sense triggerd by a release of neurotransmitters to parts of the anterior cerebral cortex to be involved in molecular reactions with proteins in the memory centres, used to add extra data to the outputs produced by the "instinct" functions); and the latter a physical response to stimuli (triggered by the release of different neurotransmitters activating different centres of the brain to do with motor functions, which doesn't usually request much input from the cognitive proteins).

(Too many pyschologists spout on this subject without being aware of the neurochemistry and physical processes that go on, never mind philosophers!) it takes one to know one87.112.85.2 21:25, 27 May 2007 (UTC)

 * Well in that case I'll remove the sentence from the introduction ("In humans they are most easily observed in behaviors such as emotions, sexual drive, and other bodily functions"), until someone can find a citation. IronChris |  (talk) 22:35, 30 May 2007 (UTC)

Is "Habit" Used Only for Unlearned Behavior?
Does the term "habit" ONLY apply to instinctive behavior or can it apply to repeated, learned behavior that is characteristic of on individual, but not another? I am trying to clarify some articles in WP and Wiktionary. DCDuring 02:19, 10 September 2007 (UTC)

Habit refers not to instinct but to learned behaviour, if not always, then mostly. please read a basic experimental psychology textbook before you go around writing articles for public consumption. -unsigned —Preceding unsigned comment added by 131.111.190.182 (talk) 17:32, 28 May 2009 (UTC)

 * the guy said (s)he was trying to clarify the additions of other editors, not writing the whole of wp from scratch. also, please read Civility before editing. k kisses 17:23, 8 December 2010 (UTC)

Evolutionary jargon
"'Innate emotions, which can be expressed in more flexible ways and learned patterns of responses, not instincts, form a basis for majority of responses to external stimuli in evolutionary higher species, while in case of highest evolved species both of them are overridden by actions based on cognitive processes with more or less intelligence and creativity or even trans-intellectual intuition.'"

1, any discussion about "higher" and "lower" species doesn't really make much sense from an evolutionary standpoint. it implies that evolution moves towards increased complexity as an overarching goal in itself. this is, of course, hogwash. and what is a "trans-intellectual intuition" and how do "innate emotions" differ from instinctual predisposition?

2, is there a good basis to the claim that learned behaviour forms the basis for a majority of responses in complex animals? the little I've read on the issue seems to suggest that the distinction between learned behaviour and instinctual behaviour is blurred at best.

the part of the article under Definitions deals primarily with one very strict definition of the term, which is good, but any working definition isn't made clear in this sentence. I am removing it until someone can provide sources that justify keeping it. Neebe (talk) 15:04, 19 June 2008 (UTC)
 * I discovered that one big change was made back in Sept 2007 that introduced the "higher" organism nonsense. Much of the text prior to the change looked good, if you want to integrate it with what you just did, just look at the history; I put it back and then undid myself so you can look at the 'diff'. Phlegm Rooster (talk) 17:27, 19 June 2008 (UTC)

the article looks a lot better to me now, though I don't really know enough about the topic to comment on the finer aspects of it. at least there's little in the opening that stands out to me as being obviously wrong or confused now. Neebe (talk) 23:13, 24 June 2008 (UTC)

Need Sources
I just did some minor copy editing and added some links, but this page needs a lot of work. The entire section on human behavior looks like original research, and is completing lacking in citations. It looks like a lot of the discussion here has centered on definitions and opinions around instinct instead of finding useful sources on instinct. Does anyone have any books or articles on the subject? That would probably go a long way toward clearing up a lot of the issues. --Aaron.t.phillips (talk) 21:38, 28 January 2009 (UTC)

The overriding argument
This argument as used by sociologists is false when it is used to exclude humans from having instincts, because a goose busy with rolling an egg back in the nest will probably fly off if the scientist suddenly runs towards the nest.Viridiflavus (talk) 02:21, 2 February 2011 (UTC)

In humans
Here the article is quite inconsistent, because we have moved away from the definition of instinct in the first part of the article, (released fixed action patterns). I would consider it better to name things as aggression during riots or the human courtship rituals with the accompanying fixed action patterns etc. I think "The Naked Ape" by Desmond Morris gives great examples of that. Especialy when we use a defitition that is a little broader, the innate ability and disposition to imitate language that causes little children in a sensitive period to pick up and imitate the sounds around them are not different from a bird picking up a song.Viridiflavus (talk) 02:33, 2 February 2011 (UTC)

Bad definition
An innate behabiour is not necesary an instict, and a reflex is definitely not an instict. English is not my primary language, can someone check that out? Look for Konrad Lorenz.

--Lmalena (talk) 13:17, 2 July 2011 (UTC)

Caption
The picture of the turtle needs a caption. I'd add it myself, but I don't know how. Omc (talk) 20:43, 18 February 2012 (UTC)

2.3 Sociobiology
I was going to rewrite the "Sociobiology" section, because it appears to be slightly misinformed, ignorant of current literature, and completely uncited. However, is a separate section for sociobiology even necessary here? If anything, the biology section could be expanded slightly to encompass whatever relevant information might otherwise be put under sociobiology. Any thoughts?

Ringtail Jack 02:45, 21 February 2012 (UTC) — Preceding unsigned comment added by Ringtail Jack (talk • contribs)

Post breeding factors not relevant
I have removed this passage: "other efforts at self destruction such as tobacco consumption and the self abusive consumption of unhealthy foods."

These behaviours (efforts) might result in an early death, but not one that precedes the typical time required to breed and raise children. In such cases dying early may in fact be beneficial, to free resources for offspring. Basically, it isn't certain that they threaten genetic survival at all or in any significant way.

Additionally, it could be argued that the reason people engage in those particular behaviours is a result of their instincts making false positives. For example, people eat unhealthy food not because they decide to eat unhealthy food but because their sensory system mistakes it for healthy food and their survival instinct compels them to eat more of it. In that sense it does not only mean that survival instinct is being overridden or is absent. A third possibility is that instincts are fallible.

Back on point, the reason that tobacco and unhealthy food consumption do not contradict survival instinct is because survival instinct is not an instinct to live forever or as long as is possible. It is an instinct or drive to live long enough to successfully reproduce. Anything beyond that is a random aberration.

A careful eye must be kept out in future for such biases, inserted by people wishing to subtly promote an agenda.

Serious clean up needed
Large parts of this article are unreadable. In particular the second paragraph of the “Overview” section looks unsalvageable. Besides the lack of any grammar, there are also no citations and the POV is far from neutral. My instinct (no pun intended) is to delete the entire paragraph, but as I'm new here I don't want to jump in feet first with a potentially controversial edit. So I've tagged the article as “multiple issues” hoping that someone more experienced will share their opinion. JRYon (talk) 16:56, 12 July 2012 (UTC)
 * this impossible,has not yet come up with the definition of the word instinct because that has already been proved that instinct does not exist — Preceding unsigned comment added by 37.190.38.62 (talk) 22:33, 19 August 2013 (UTC)

In addition to the aforementioned cleanups, the article does not provide what I have come to expect from a Wikipedia article of such a commonly used term. I came to this article hoping to be able to jump to the History section and find out when the term came into being, and instead found no dates outside the late 20th century. Judging from the introduction and the history, I suspect that this article has been written as some sort of joke by anti-Darwinists. The article has nothing to say about instinct itself, but rather chooses to purport every possible alternative to the subject. If I had the power to do so, I would delete the entire article. I am of the opinion that it is a sham. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Tenacidteas (talk • contribs) 18:51, 25 March 2016 (UTC)

I agree with the above comments that this article is difficult to follow. One thing that stood out to me was organization, as I am confused about why "In Animal Biology" and "In Humans" are in separate sections. I am thinking about changing the organization to be "Early Theorists" instead of history, with each of the mentioned psychologists getting a subsection (I also think any historical figure who is mentioned should be follow by an explanation as to why they are relevant to the topic of instinct. There are a lot of people talked about, so maybe the article can focus on a few in detail instead of having a bunch of different people). Then, maybe there could be a section which discusses more recent research about what is currently established with animal biology, followed by another section about human instincts. I am hoping that if these proposed sections are detailed enough, they will address the information in the sections "reflexes", "maturational", and "in evolution" so those topics do not have to stand alone. Classic Bee (talk) 05:37, 6 May 2022 (UTC)

Over-ride Maslow?
I know that this isn't the place to debate the issues or raise questions but it is a place where judicial editing or comment can at least put things in one perspective or another. At present the opinions of some authors (eg Maslow) that instinct cannot be over-ridden or changed seem to be given the status of wide acceptance. Is this the case? Maslow's follow-on conclusion that humans therefore no longer have instincts seems outdated. Humans are animals; if animals have instincts why don't humans (presuming we're all on the science page rather than the faith page)? Instincts are presumably hard-wired responses to the environment that enable the organism to survive at a time before learning has had time to kick in (I know, not all instincts can be explained in this way but it does to be a reasonable case for instincts). It would seem as though Maslow and others are merely trying to reduce the idea to something very close to a reflex. Going away from Maslow, could it not be argued that humans can overcome instinct (this possibility would seem to be a biological advantage) which might bring items like the survival instinct back into play. In other words, our hard-coding is available for early survival but can be abandoned/over-ridden as needed.

Sorry. Probably not a discussion that should happen here. --174.7.56.10 (talk) 22:21, 21 November 2012 (UTC)

 * This s definitely the place for it. Both views should be mentioned otherwise the article is one sided.  — Preceding unsigned comment added by 72.185.215.187 (talk) 03:21, 7 December 2014 (UTC)

This is a weird article
The last paragraph of the intro needs considerable work. This is a weird subject that does not really have an answer, but the last paragraph of the intro is a mess. It starts with elephants and ends up with zoo cats. I won't touch it because I have no expertise in the field, I was coming for some briefing and saw that paragraph and felt like this needed to be said, that is why it needs to be fixed. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.196.150.48 (talk) 19:37, 14 April 2013 (UTC)

article can not be left without a word hypothetical until you find evidence
and instincts are not really there — Preceding unsigned comment added by 37.190.38.62 (talk) 22:10, 19 August 2013 (UTC)

Abraham Maslow's argument missing something
In the "In Psychology" section, Abraham Maslow is quoted as saying two contradictory things:

humans no longer have instincts because we have the ability to override them in certain situations. and an instinct is something which cannot be overridden

How can humans override instincts if an instinct is something which cannot be overridden? Either Maslow has said this and missed the contradiction (which means maybe there should be a contrasting opinion shown) or this article has confused something. Maybe it's trying to imply that instincts are present in animals but humans have an extra ability to override them, but that doesn't mean that humans no longer have instincts, it means that we're good at suppressing them sometimes. But it seems this is suggesting that suppressing instincts is a better, more evolved way of being. I guess what I'm trying to say is, this guy's opinion should be shown for what it is because I feel like the discussion of it is missing something.

It could be that the contradictory quotes are the sign that his whole argument is flawed from the moment he said humans no longer have instincts, but that's just my personal opinion. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Mhbenn (talk • contribs) 01:51, 6 September 2015 (UTC)

Why does instincts in humans redirect here
I read the article. There is absolutely zero discussion about instincts in humans. Either the redirect should be deleted or information on human instincts should be put in. It's an improper redirect as it is. Xanikk999 (talk) —Preceding undated comment added 23:16, 8 March 2019 (UTC)

A Commons file used on this page has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the. —Community Tech bot (talk) 16:36, 23 November 2019 (UTC)
 * Living gecko hunting the pointer of a mouse.webm

Controversiality
- Regarding your revert -  - where exactly in the body of the article is this addressed? BecomeFree (talk) 14:37, 27 January 2020 (UTC)

 * The sections In psychology, and In humans give a variety of possibly conflicting views. This is summarised in the lead by the words "has been studied, and is a controversial topic". I think that is a fair summary, but perhaps it can be improved?Chjoaygame (talk) 17:57, 27 January 2020 (UTC)
 * I feel that the sentence ending "and is a controversial topic" needs a citation, and the point needs elaborating in the body of the article. Also, just because there are conflicting views on something it doesn't necessarily imply controversy. Strategist3000 (talk) 01:56, 7 May 2022 (UTC)

Eating!
How the fuck does this article not mention hunger as an instinct?

Contradictory definitions
The first paragraph says: "Instinct [...] [contains] both innate (inborn) and learned elements". Then the second one says: "Any behaviour is instinctive if it is performed without being based upon prior experience (that is, in the absence of learning)". This is contradictory. If a behaviour must meet the condition of being unlearned to be called instinct, as the second paragraph says, then the first paragraph is wrong, and viceversa. 2806:2F0:41A1:5D00:A8D1:E8B3:B02A:2F7B (talk) 17:22, 15 September 2022 (UTC)

 * Indeed. Even worse - that definition applies both to intelligence and instinct exactly the same, making both indistinguishable. 88.100.190.182 (talk) 04:57, 9 April 2024 (UTC)
 * A possible explanation for the contradictory definitions in the two paragraphs may be due to different sources or perspectives on what makes an instinct an instinct and its origins. The original author that wrote the phrase "both innate (inborn) and learned elements" was perhaps alluding to a 2017 article from "Science Magazine" titled "Epigenetics and the Evolution of Instincts" by two biology professors: Gene E. Robinson from the University of Illinois and Andrew B. Barron from Macquarie University in Australia. Within the article, the two professors support several theories that are still being researched and debated in the first paragraph of their hypothesis article:
 * "An animal mind is not born as an empty canvas: Bottlenose dolphins know how to swim and honey bees know how to dance without ever having learned these skills. Little is known about how animals acquire the instincts that enable such innate behavior. Instincts are widely held to be ancestral to learned behavior. Some have been elegantly analyzed at the cellular and molecular levels, but general principles do not exist. Based on recent research, we argue instead that instincts evolve from learning and are therefore served by the same general principles that explain learning."
 * However, instincts have no clear explanation for their evolution. The evolution of these behaviors varies on the specific behavior, environment, and species (for context see Phenotypic plasticity). To give you additional context on the complex nature of instincts, researchers have found evidence where instinctual behaviors is more or less a combination of:
 * Neurology, molecular basis of epigenetic memory and other cellular processes (like meiotic DNA replication, chromatin remodeling, and/or related histone modifications), developmental biology, morphological characteristics, and more that lead to the development of "instinctual" behaviors.
 * In short, our current answer is essentially a combination of "we don't know" and "it's complicated". Therefore, because many aspects that define instincts are still being researched and understood, it's no surprise that you and many others found contradictory definitions and information.
 * Sources:
 * Science 356 (6333), 26-27. [doi: 10.1126/science.aam6142] Gene E. Robinson and Andrew B. Barron (April 6, 2017) Epigenetics and the evolution of instincts - (to read the whole article go here. https://lab.igb.illinois.edu/robinson/sites/lab.igb.illinois.edu.robinson/files/inline-files/EpiInstinct.pdf  )
 * Development evolving: the origins and meanings of instinct - Blumberg - 2017 - WIREs Cognitive Science - Wiley Online Libraryhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5182125/#:~:text=Today%2C%20various%20animals%20are%20said,occurring%20within%20reliable%20ecological%20contexts.
 * Dias, B., Ressler, K. Parental olfactory experience influences behavior and neural structure in subsequent generations. Nat Neurosci 17, 89–96 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1038/nn.3594 173.16.70.128 (talk) 05:56, 17 May 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Instinct


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Sentait

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete. Eugene van der Pijll 16:03, 31 July 2005 (UTC)

Sentait
I think this article results from an accidental misinterpretation of french.

I can find absolutely no mention of this goddess anywhere, and I think its an error resulting from translating a description of Hathor from french (sentait = felt i.e. (one who) felt in French), as much of the description is that of a form of hathor, with the "name" of "sentait" possibly being a title (as the french translation of the title).

"Sentait" also doesn't look very Egyptian as a word. The only translations I can see are
 * "brother-land-father" (i.e. brother of the father-land or brother of the land's father)
 * "kiss-land-father" (i.e. (one who) kisses the fatherland or (one who) kisses the land's father)
 * "sister-father" (i.e. the father's sister or the sister's father)
 * "sister-room" (i.e. the sister's room or the room's sister)
 * "sister-picture" (i.e. the sister's picture or the picture's sister
 * "sister-my" (i.e. my sister), requiring double feminine ending (e.g. bastet rather than bast)

none of which make much sense. [N.b. don't value my ability to translate it well, I'm not a professional Egyptologist].

I'm really not completely certain here, so its really only a
 * Weak delete unless someone can verify it without using Wikipedia mirrors.     17:31, 17 July 2005 (UTC)

This is my first votes for deletion vote, so please bear with me. I vote keep. Doing a Google search of Sentait goddess -Wikipedia comes up with a lot of sites which have this information, although admittedly not much more than that she was an Egyptian cow goddess. Now it's possible that they got their information from Wikipedia, but they don't say so. See http://www.alsirat.com/deathlore/deathgods/sentait.html, http://www.pantheon.org/articles/s/sentait.html, http://www.aurochs.org/cows/famous/, and http://library.thinkquest.org/12865/mray/pegy.htm, just from the first page of the Google results. I did do an image search, but it only came up with one image which is unlikely to be what we're interested in. John Barleycorn 23:58, July 17, 2005 (UTC)

 * The problem with Google searching is that
 * You also need to do -encyclopedia and -GFDL as some don't cite wikipedia (unfortunately also cutting out encyclopedias with original info)
 * When the article has been up for a while, you run into places where people have read the article on Wikipedia, and published it as part of their own sites, but in their own words
 * The way to cut this out is to check exactly what they have written. It will tend to be virtually identical in substance to Wikipedia, sometimes refactored a bit, with no new information.
 * In particular, in this case, with Egyptian words there are usually a variety of spellings - e.g. set=seth=sutekh, nebt-het=nebhet=nepthys, bast=bastet=ubasti=pasht - due to the fact that the vowels are not completely known, and there was sound change over the vast period of egyptian history. However, for this goddess there is only "sentait" which is very unusual, variations should exist, e.g. (this isn't necessarily a legitimate variation - it depends on what the hieroglyphs actually are) "sentejt", "snetajt", "senetajt" and "senetay-te", and there would at least be the greek version & egyptian version which would be two different words (e.g. horus vs. har, isis vs aset, iusaaset vs. saosis).
 * So these articles are likely just to be from information that originated here, albeit indirectly.
 * In a way, if I created an article Hoger, about the cross between a horse and a tiger (c.f. liger), and it existed without people questioning it for a few years, then it would appear across the internet on people's own sites, rather than Wikipedia mirrors, particularly if it was difficult to verify - e.g. I said that Hoger's were rare, and only existed in antiquity, as the breeds of horse suitable have since died out.
 * I have tried searching google for the term (Sentait, and various different guesses at alternate spellings) before I put it up for VFD, but couldn't find a single mention that didn't seem like it had ultimately originated from somewhere other than here.     21:34, 18 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Essentially, from your list,
 * http://library.thinkquest.org/12865/mray/pegy.htm is a copy of
 * http://www.pantheon.org/articles..... only all on one page
 * http://www.aurochs.org/cows/famous/ actually cites encyclopedia-mythica (pantheon.org) as its source
 * so these are all the same source - pantheon.org, like most such articles will be
 * and many articles from pantheon.org are basic copies from earlier versions of wikipedia articles (or vice versa, not sure which), making the same basic errors (e.g. treating one god as two, despite the fact that when you translate the names it is so obvious that you would never make the error)    21:42, 18 July 2005 (UTC)

 * in fact, google search "sentait -wikipedia -mythica -encyclopedia -le" ("le" to cut out some of the french usage of the french word "sentait") only returns 606 articles, almost all of which are lists of gods copied from wikipedia etc. or french using the word "sentait", sa normal french word.

Okay. I obviously didn't do sufficient research, and you sound like you know what you're talking about. I will change my vote to delete based on your comments. John Barleycorn 21:56, July 18, 2005 (UTC)
 * N.b. it can always be recreated if someone later verifies it and it has been deleted.     07:46, 19 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete Pantheon.org is filled with bad information, this was just another example. The page on that site was created in 1997, the one here was only made in 2002. DreamGuy
 * err, though the pantheon.org page has a lot less information than the one here... hrmmmm.... got me second guessing myself now... won't change vote for now, but let me thikn this over. DreamGuy 03:44, July 19, 2005 (UTC)

 * Comment I would prefer it if more than 3 people voted on this.     07:41, 21 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Comment I am not a professional and my resources are too limited; a newcomer too. For these reasons, I am not sure I should vote here (would have voted to delete though). But what I did, I additionally looked up Russian sites for religion and mythology of ancient Egypt.  For what I was able to dig through in one day, I found no traces of anything even resembling the name Sentait (including whichever variations of "Sentait" in Russian or English I came up with :).  For example,  http://middleeast.org.ua/history/egypt.htm or http://www.cultinfo.ru/fulltext/1/001/008/036/599.htm seem to contain credible research with numerous quotations and references to the sources such as translations of Egyptian papyri, museum exhibits, professionally reviewed publications or printed books by famous egyptologists. Among those, of older times: M. E. Mathieu  (ru: М. Э. Матье)  or B. A. Turaev (ru: Б. А. Тураев) or V. S. Golenischeff (see e.g. http://www.cesras.ru/eng/pers/pers.htm); also other sources and more recent ones, as well.  I am wondering if this new name for a goddess emerged on the Internet as the result of even newer research, but in this case especially, shouldn't one expect credible references to the sources. Of course I could have missed the obvious  (must be well hidden! :) - would be great to have a professional step in.  - Introvert   talk  08:32, 24 July 2005 (UTC)
 * You are entitled to vote if you have over 200 edits. If you are uncertain it doesn't matter, essentially, we can always create the article anew if it later proves that Sentiat is genuine, there wouldn't be much lost through deleting it (the article only has about 2 sentences) ?    08:59, 24 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete - found no credible supporting research (please see my comment above). - Introvert   talk  06:24, 25 July 2005 (UTC)  (PS: Please note that I am a newcomer and I don't have 200 edits even nearly but I wasn't aware this to be a requirement for VfD voting.  Please discard my vote should it be in violation of the policies. )

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Sentait


text:
User talk:Nick/Archive1

Welcome!

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, please be sure to sign your name on Talk and vote pages using four tildes (~~~~) to produce your name and the current date, or three tildes (~~~) for just your name. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my Talk page. Again, welcome! Sam Vimes 17:31, 17 July 2005 (UTC)
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Leicester City managers
I just created about 8 or so articles on these just to get them going. I noticed you putting stubs on so thanks as I haven't had time. Thanks again. Jimmmmmmmmm 14:02, 10 October 2006 (UTC)

 * Spooky messaging each other at the same time. Yeah I just rushed the writing didn't think sorry. I don't generally start many articles. Jimmmmmmmmm 14:05, 10 October 2006 (UTC)

 * No problem, finding the right stub to put on isn't easy anyway. AA Milne 14:08, 10 October 2006 (UTC)

Gema Zamprogna
Hi, I considered speedy deleting it myself, but I googled the name, found it was a legit actor, and went ahead and expanded it. The creator is brand new to Wikipedia today, and I'm thrilled that she went ahead and created a legitimate stub article, even if her first attempt was flawed. I went ahead and expanded it to a standard stub entry. -- Jim Douglas (talk) (contribs)  15:28, 10 October 2006 (UTC)
 * I was just about to Google. I'll pop a actor infobox on the page and drop a note on the new users page. AA Milne 15:31, 10 October 2006 (UTC)

 * Thanks! Just one more procedural point.  db-bio means that the article does not assert notability.  While I agree that the effort was flawed, this sentence does in fact assert sufficient notability to meet Wikipedia's standards.  It asserts that the subject is an actress in a widely available television series:
 * Gema Zamprogna is a actress. Most famous for her roles in L. M. Montomery's Tales from Avonlea
 * While you're sending the author a note, can you thank her for her contribution? It's great that she jumped in and made the effort to create a legitimate article.

-- Jim Douglas (talk) (contribs)  15:38, 10 October 2006 (UTC)
 * No problem. I'll have to run more names through imdb - I really should know bettertoo as I do loads of work over there too.

 * I'm Canadian, and I've never heard of her before either! Of course, I rarely watch the CBC, and Road to Avonlea doesn't seem like something I'd be likely to watch.  (Spooks is more my speed.) -- Jim Douglas (talk)  (contribs)  16:06, 10 October 2006 (UTC)
 * Dunno when you'll get Series 5, but it's airing in the UK at the moment and you'll not be disappointed. AA Milne 16:10, 10 October 2006 (UTC)

 * Argh! Don't tell me anything!  They've only released 1-3 so far in North America (I have them all on DVD). -- Jim Douglas (talk)  (contribs)  16:13, 10 October 2006 (UTC)
 * OK. Thanks for reverting the vandalism on my User Page. Only just checked and noticed. Much appreciated. AA Milne 16:14, 10 October 2006 (UTC)
 * No problem. I sent him another warning to add to his large collection.  He seems to be looking for a long-term block. -- Jim Douglas (talk)  (contribs)  16:18, 10 October 2006 (UTC)

Repost tag
I see that you've just added the words "!! Recreation of previously deleted article !!" to the now redeleted article Fluance. If you want to indicate that an article is a repost, you can add the tag db-repost or db-g4. That will add the article to Category:Candidates for speedy deletion. A ecis  I'm too busy acting like I'm not naive. 22:03, 10 October 2006 (UTC)

 * Doh! ;-) AA Milne 22:04, 10 October 2006 (UTC)

Image tagging for Image:13453.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:13453.jpg. The image has been identified as not specifying the source and creator of the image, which is required by Wikipedia's policy on images. If you don't indicate the source and creator of the image on the image's description page, it may be deleted some time in the next seven days. If you have uploaded other images, please verify that you have provided source information for them as well.

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This is an automated notice by OrphanBot. For assistance on the image use policy, see Media copyright questions. 00:04, 11 October 2006 (UTC)

Eric Olsen
I declined the speedy deletion of that page, because it does claim notability - speedy deletion is only for articles that don't even attempt to claim notability. The author has left some comments on the talk page, if you disagree and think the article still should be deleted you can try to go through WP:AfD instead.--Konst.able 02:20, 12 October 2006 (UTC)

Portal:BritRail
Hi, I noticed Portal:BritRail this morning when I was looking around for a fact for todays DYK on Portal:Trains. The page history for P:BR lists you as creator of the page. Will you be maintaining it? Slambo (Speak) 11:40, 12 October 2006 (UTC)
 * I will indeed, it's due for a new featured article, image and news update tomorrow and I'll be updating it every Friday or Saturday where possible. The Portal is in need of trivia though, but a good DYK is the fact there are 262 million fare, ticket and journey combinations on the British network. AA Milne 11:44, 12 October 2006 (UTC)

copyright
That was from an official navy website, and based on an official US navy document. --Sugarcaddy 17:26, 12 October 2006 (UTC)
 * I wasn't 100% sure on the copyright status from the site, but the article you provided isn't covered by copyright, however the article was a straight forward copy and paste. Please read [|this article on copy and paste articles] before copying and pasting further documents from the US Navy though. AA Milne 17:41, 12 October 2006 (UTC)

Welcome to VandalProof!
Thank you for your interest in VandalProof, AA Milne! You have now been added to the list of authorized users, so if you haven't already, simply download and install VandalProof from our main page. If you have any questions, please feel free to contact me or any other moderator, or you can post a message on the discussion page. Betacommand (talk • contribs • Bot) 21:22, 12 October 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:Nick/Archive1


text:
Pentamerone

The Pentamerone, subtitled Lo cunto de li cunti ("The Tale of Tales"), is a seventeenth-century Neapolitan fairy tale collection by Italian poet and courtier Giambattista Basile.

Background
The stories in the Pentamerone were collected by Basile and published posthumously in two volumes by his sister Adriana in Naples, Italy, in 1634 and 1636 under the pseudonym Gian Alesio Abbatutis. These stories were later adapted by Charles Perrault and the Brothers Grimm, the latter making extensive, acknowledged use of Basile's collection. Examples of this are versions of Cinderella, Rapunzel, Puss in Boots, Sleeping Beauty, and Hansel and Gretel.

While other collections of stories have included stories that would be termed fairy tales, his work is the first collection in which all the stories fit in that single category. He did not transcribe them from the oral tradition as a modern collector would, instead writing them in Neapolitan, and in many respects was the first writer to preserve oral intonations.

The style of the stories is heavily Baroque, with many metaphorical usages.

This has been interpreted as a satire on Baroque style, but as Basile praised the style, and used it in his other works, it appears to have no ironic intention.

Influence
Although the work fell into obscurity, the Brothers Grimm, in their third edition of Grimm's Fairy Tales, praised it highly as the first national collection of fairy tales, fitting their romantic nationalist views on fairy tales, and as capturing the Neapolitan voice. This drew a great deal of attention to the work. This collection (Basile's Pentamerone) was for a long time the best and richest that had been found by any nation. Not only were the traditions at that time more complete in themselves, but the author had a special talent for collecting them, and besides that an intimate knowledge of the dialect. The stories are told with hardly any break, and the tone, at least in the Neapolitan tales, is perfectly caught.... We may therefore look on this collection of fifty tales as the basis of many others; for although it was not so in actual fact, and was indeed not known beyond the country in which it appeared, and was never translated into French, it still has all the importance of a basis, owing to the coherence of its traditions. Two-thirds of them are, so far as their principal incidents are concerned, to be found in Germany, and are current there at this very day. Basile has not allowed himself to make any alteration, scarcely even any addition of importance, and that gives his work a special value – Wilhelm Grimm

Basile's writing inspired Matteo Garrone's 2015 film, The Tale of Tales.

Geography of the stories
The tales of Giambattista Basile are set in Basilicata and Campania, where he spent most of his life at the local nobles. Among the places related to the stories we find the city of Acerenza and the Castle of Lagopesole, the latter connected to the fairy tale Rapunzel.

Synopsis
The name of the Pentamerone comes from Greek πέντε [pénte], 'five', and ἡμέρα [hêméra], 'day'. It is structured around a fantastic frame story, in which fifty stories are related over the course of five days, in analogy with the ten-day structure of the much earlier Decameron by Giovanni Boccaccio (1353). The frame story is that of a cursed, melancholy princess named Zoza ("mud" or "slime" in Neapolitan, but also used as a term of endearment). She cannot laugh, no matter what her father does to amuse her, so he sets up a fountain of oil by the door, thinking people slipping in the oil would make her laugh. An old woman tried to gather oil, a page boy broke her jug, and the old woman grew so angry that she danced about, and Zoza laughed at her. The old woman cursed her to marry only the prince of Round-Field, whom she could only wake by filling a pitcher with tears in three days. With some aid from fairies, who also give her gifts, Zoza found the prince and the pitcher, and nearly filled the pitcher when she fell asleep. A Moorish slave steals it, finishes filling it, and claims the prince.

This frame story in itself is a fairy tale, combining motifs that will appear in other stories: the princess who cannot laugh in The Magic Swan, Golden Goose, and The Princess Who Never Smiled; the curse to marry only one hard-to-find person, in Snow-White-Fire-Red and Anthousa, Xanthousa, Chrisomalousa; and the heroine falling asleep while trying to save the hero, and then losing him because of trickery in The Sleeping Prince and Nourie Hadig.

The now-pregnant slave-princess demands (at the impetus of Zoza's fairy gifts) that her husband tell her stories, or else she would crush the unborn child. The husband hires ten female storytellers to keep her amused; disguised among them is Zoza. Each tells five stories, most of which are more suitable to courtly, rather than juvenile, audiences. The Moorish woman's treachery is revealed in the final story (related, suitably, by Zoza), and she is buried, pregnant, up to her neck in the ground and left to die. Zoza and the Prince live happily ever after.

Many of these fairy tales are the oldest known variants in existence.

The fairy tales are:
 * The First Day
 * "The Tale of the Ogre"
 * "The Myrtle"
 * "Peruonto" - connected to Russian tale "At the Pike's Behest" ("Emelian the Fool")
 * "Vardiello"
 * "The Flea"
 * "Cenerentola" – translated into English as Cinderella
 * "The Merchant"
 * "Goat-Face"
 * "The Enchanted Doe" - a variant of The Knights of the Fish
 * "The Flayed Old Lady" - variant of The King Who Would Have a Beautiful Wife

 * The Second Day
 * "Parsley" – a variant of Rapunzel
 * "Green Meadow" - variant of The Bird Lover
 * "Violet"
 * "Pippo" – a variant of Puss In Boots
 * "The Snake"
 * "The She-Bear" – a variant of Allerleirauh
 * "The Dove" – a variant of The Master Maid
 * "The Young Slave" – a variant of Snow White
 * "The Padlock"
 * "The Buddy"

 * The Third Day
 * "Cannetella"
 * "Penta of the Chopped-off Hands" – a variant of The Girl Without Hands
 * "Face"
 * "Sapia Liccarda"
 * "The Cockroach, the Mouse, and the Cricket" - variant of The Princess Who Never Smiled
 * "The Garlic Patch"
 * "Corvetto"
 * "The Booby"
 * "Rosella"
 * "The Three Fairies" – a variant of Frau Holle

 * The Fourth Day
 * "The Stone in the Cock's Head"
 * "The Two Brothers"
 * "The Three Enchanted Princes"
 * "The Seven Little Pork Rinds" – a variant of The Three Spinners
 * "The Dragon"
 * "The Three Crowns"
 * "The Two Cakes" – a variant of Diamonds and Toads
 * "The Seven Doves" – a variant of The Seven Ravens
 * "The Raven" – a variant of Trusty John
 * "Pride Punished" – a variant of King Thrushbeard

 * The Fifth Day
 * "The Goose"
 * "The Months"
 * "Pintosmalto" – a variant of Mr Simigdáli
 * "The Golden Root" – a variant of Cupid and Psyche
 * "Sun, Moon, and Talia" – a variant of Sleeping Beauty
 * "Sapia"
 * "The Five Sons"
 * "Nennillo and Nennella" – a variant of Brother and Sister
 * "The Three Citrons" – a variant of The Love for Three Oranges

Translations
The text was translated into German by Felix Liebrecht in 1846, into English by John Edward Taylor in 1847 and again by Sir Richard Francis Burton in 1893 and into Italian by Benedetto Croce in 1925. Another English translation was made from Croce's version by Norman N. Penzer in 1934. A new, modern translation by Nancy L. Canepa was published in 2007 by Wayne State University Press, and was later released as a Penguin Classics paperback in 2016.

Adaptations
The 2015 Italian film Tale of Tales, directed by Matteo Garrone, is generally based on stories from the collection, starring Salma Hayek, Vincent Cassel and Toby Jones as protagonists of the tales "The Enchanted Doe", "The Flayed Old Lady" and "The Flea", respectively.

title: Pentamerone


text:
Kamenitsa (neighbourhood)

Kamenitsa is a residential neighbourhood in the east part of Plovdiv, in Bulgaria. It is famous for its local brewery, Kamenitza AD.

title: Kamenitsa (neighbourhood)


text:
Talk:Animal rights activism

NPOV
Given that the author of the NPOV and disputed templates has added that to another page, again with no reasoning or comment ont he talk page, and has been making changes that are all removed on amlost every page, I am removing the NPOV tomorrow if no one comments. IreverentReverend 17:32, 17 July 2005 (UTC)

AfD
I have added this article to Articles_for_deletion for the reasons discussed at there. Dayv 18:29, 27 October 2005 (UTC)

— J I P | Talk 09:58, 4 November 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Animal rights activism


text:
Yakky Doodle

Yakky Doodle is a cartoon duck created by Hanna-Barbera Productions for the 1961 series The Yogi Bear Show. Yakky's name is a spoof of "Yankee Doodle".

History
Yakky Doodle (voiced by Jimmy Weldon using buccal speech technique) is an anthropomorphic yellow duckling with green wings who lives with his best friend and adoptive father Chopper the bulldog. Yakky is always one to run into danger. This usually comes in the form of the show's main antagonist Fibber Fox or secondary villain Alfy Gator. Chopper defends his "Little Buddy" fiercely, and is always ready to pound Fibber or any other enemy into oblivion if necessary. Yakky's tendency to put himself in great danger never draws a rebuke from Chopper, who presumably enjoys his protective role. One of Yakky's repeated lines is "Are you my mama?", and one of the songs Yakky loves to sing was "Ta-ra-ra Boom-de-ay".

The template for Yakky was Quacker, a similar duckling character voiced by Red Coffey who appeared in a number of classic Tom and Jerry theatrical cartoons, debuting in the 1950 short subject Little Quacker. Weldon, a former children's television series host and ventriloquist, had based this character on his "partner" Webster Webfoot. The same design was also used for a duckling in The Huckleberry Hound Show's Pixie and Dixie and Mr. Jinks segment "A Wise Quack" (Episode 48), as a blue duckling in Yogi Bear segment "Slumber Party Smarty" (Episode 2) and "Duck in Luck" (Episode 18) and as a purple duckling in the Loopy De Loop segment "This is my Ducky Day" (Episode 13).

Yakky debuted as Biddy Buddy in the "Slumber Party Smarty" and "Duck in Luck" episodes of the Yogi Bear segments of The Huckleberry Hound Show, and the "Gone to the Ducks", "Yuk Yuk Duck" and "Let's the Duck Out" episodes of the Augie Doggie and Doggie Daddy segments of The Quick Draw McGraw Show. He later had his own segment on The Yogi Bear Show in 1961 and he also appeared in the episode "Live and Lion" of the animated series Snagglepuss.

Main characters
Besides Yakky, the main characters in his cartoons are:

 * Chopper (voiced by Vance Colvig impersonating Wallace Beery): A bulldog who always protects Yakky from harm and is also his adoptive father. If he thinks that the only way to do this is to send Yakky away, he's willing to pretend he is not the duckling's friend anymore; otherwise, he's the best friend Yakky has. Although he acts tough, in some ways he can be just as childlike as Yakky, such as when he wished he could fly like a bird. Chopper's repeated line is "Now, ain't that cute", as well as saying "Now close your eyes, Yakky. You shouldn't oughta see what I'm going to do to this fox/cat" before beating up Fibber or the cat. Another repeated quote is when Chopper feels guilty over having to turn Yakky away, and hopes that he didn't "hurt his feelings".
 * Fibber Fox (voiced by Daws Butler impersonating Shelley Berman): A fox who first tried to use Yakky as a "bargaining chip" to get the chickens from a henhouse that Chopper was guarding; since then, he has been fixated on catching and eating Yakky, at one point saying that he now hates chicken and wants duck instead. He shows cunning in his plans, most of which are intended to get Chopper out of the way so he can have a clear run at Yakky. For all his predatory behavior, however, he may not be able to eat Yakky. In one episode, he finds that he just can't bring himself to cook or otherwise harm the little duckling, or even let another fox eat him.
 * The Cat (also voiced by Daws Butler impersonating Shelley Berman): An unnamed cat who is an indirect kin to Fibber Fox also had a similar objective to eat Yakky. However, he often gets punished by Chopper or by the mistress of the house.
 * Alfy Gator (voiced by Daws Butler impersonating Alfred Hitchcock): A blue alligator who tries to capture Yakky because his gourmet guidebook recommends roast duck. He tends to be verbose while setting his traps, probably as an imitation of Hitchcock's introductions on the TV show Alfred Hitchcock Presents. Also taken from that show is Hitchcock's silhouette & outline routine, which Alfy imitates in most of the cartoons he's in. One time he found himself competing with Fibber to catch Yakky, but the two predators eventually agreed to work together to capture the duck (the cartoon ended during the final chase, but presumably Yakky got away).

TV series
Yakky eventually got his own segment on The Yogi Bear Show.

Episode list (The Yogi Bear Show)
• # Out of Luck Duck

• # Hop, Duck and Listen

• # Dog Flight

• # Easter Duck

• # Foxy Duck

• # Railroaded Duck

• # Duck Hunting

• # Whistle-Stop and Go

• # Duck the Music

• # School Fool

• # Oh Duckter

• # It's a Duck's Life

• # Happy Birthdaze

• # Horse Collared

• # Ha-Choo to You!

• # Foxy Proxy

• # Count to Tenant

• # Shrunken Headache

• # The Most Ghost

• # Stamp Scamp

• # All's Well That Eats Well

• # Foxy Friends

• # Mad Mix Up

• # Beach Brawl

• # Duck Seasoning

• # Hasty Tasty

• # Nobody Home Duck

• # Dog Pounded

• # Witch Duck-ter

• # Full Course Meal

• # Baddie Buddies

• # Judo Ex-Expert

Other appearances

 * Yakky Doodle makes an appearance in Snooper and Blabber, Episode 31 "De-Duck-Tives".
 * Yakky Doodle makes an appearance in Snagglepuss, Episode 3 "Live and Lion".
 * In 1972, Yakky (voiced by Walker Edmiston) & Chopper was one of the dozens of characters to appear in the TV-movie Yogi's Ark Lark (which was part of The ABC Saturday Superstar Movie).
 * Yakky Doodle only had three non-speaking cameo appearances (The Envy Brothers, Captain Swipe, Mr. Sloppy) in the subsequent series Yogi's Gang.
 * In the late 1970s, Yakky Doodle (voiced by Frank Welker) appeared as a member of "The Yogi Yahooeys" team on Scooby's All-Star Laff-A-Lympics / Scooby's All-Stars and would often team up with Grape Ape in sporting competitions.
 * In Yogi Bear's All Star Comedy Christmas Caper, Yakky Doodle (alongside Magilla Gorilla and Wally Gator) was unable to help Yogi Bear and his friends locate J. Wellington Jones.
 * In 1987, Yakky & Chopper appeared at the start and end of the episode "Snow White and The 7 Treasure Hunters" on Yogi's Treasure Hunt.
 * Originally, Yakky Doodle intended to appear as a cameo during the final scene of the 1988 film Who Framed Roger Rabbit.
 * Yakky Doodle appears in Harvey Birdman, Attorney at Law voiced by Steve Blum in most episodes and by Chris Edgerly in one episode.
 * Yakky Doodle has appeared in comics as well. He can be seen on the covers of Marvel Comics' 1977 comic book series, "The Funtastic World of Hanna-Barbera" on the first and third issues.
 * Yakky Doodle appeared in DC Comics Deathstroke/Yogi Bear Special #1 as a captured animal alongside other Hanna-Barbera characters.
 * Yakky Doodle made a cameo appearance in the Animaniacs revival segment "Suffragette City".
 * Yakky Doodle and Chopper appeared in Jellystone! with Yakky voiced by Katie Grober and Chopper voiced by Angelique Perrin. Yakky and Chopper are both females in this series and are portrayed as a family as Yakky refers to Chopper as her adoptive mother. Chopper is also revealed to be the proprietor of a pizzeria called the Cattanooga Cheese Explosion.

title: Yakky Doodle


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Lost City (Stargate SG-1)

"Lost City" is the two-part finale to the seventh season of the science fiction television show Stargate SG-1. The episode was written by Brad Wright and Robert C. Cooper, with Martin Wood directing. The first part originally premiered on March 2, 2004, with the second part showing a week later on March 9, 2004 on Sky One in the United Kingdom. SciFi Channel in the United States then aired part one on March 12, 2004 and part two on March 19, 2004.

"Lost City" was originally conceived as a Stargate SG-1 feature film, with Brad Wright and Robert C. Cooper first discussing the project in 2001. As it developed, it was reimagined as a finale to Stargate SG-1 and the beginning of spin-off series Stargate Atlantis. Ultimately, with the knowledge that SG-1 would return for an eighth season, the story was shaped into both a season seven finale as well as informing parts of the Atlantis pilot, "Rising".

The episode had the largest budget since SG-1's pilot, "Children of the Gods". Guest stars including William Devane as President Henry Hayes and James McDaniel as General Francis Maynard returned, having first appeared in previous lead-in episode "Inauguration". Frequent guest stars Ronny Cox and Tony Amendola also returned, as Robert Kinsey and Bra'tac, respectively. Jessica Steen was introduced as Dr. Elizabeth Weir, who would later become one of the lead characters in spin-off Stargate Atlantis. Real world Air Force Chief of Staff John P. Jumper also appeared as himself. This episode was nominated for Emmy, Gemini, and Visual Effects Society awards.

Part 1
Racing against the forces of Anubis, SG-1 travel through the Stargate to an alien world which they know is home to a Repository of the Ancients Knowledge. As the team debate whether one of them should use the device or if they should simply destroy it in order to prevent Anubis from taking the device for himself, his forces arrive and begin their attack. Jack O'Neill (Richard Dean Anderson), who years before was nearly killed by the overwhelming amount of knowledge after accidentally using an identical device, decides he should be the one to use, it in the hope it will help them defend Earth.

In Washington, D.C., new President Henry Hayes (William Devane) calls upon Dr. Elizabeth Weir (Jessica Steen), an expert in international politics, to replace General Hammond (Don S. Davis) for a three-month review. Vice President Robert Kinsey (Ronny Cox) approaches Weir, expressing in no uncertain terms the undesirability of interfering with his agenda.

As SG-1 retreat back to Earth, General Hammond tells them that he is being replaced. Dr. Weir arrives to a less than happy reception as she ceases all Stargate operations. Not long after, Teal'c's mentor Bra'tac (Tony Amendola) comes through the Stargate with the news that Anubis' fleet will arrive at Earth in three days. Kinsey believes this to be a ploy to keep the SGC running, but Weir hears out SG-1's proposal to find the Lost City of the Ancients, and with it the means to defend Earth. Bra'tac and Teal'c depart for Chulak, to find ships and warriors to aid in Earth's defense.

Part 2
O'Neill, under the influence of Ancient knowledge, writes down what Daniel believes is the location of the Lost City: Praclarush Taonas. Daniel realizes that there is a syllable in the Ancient language for each Stargate symbol, and thus "Praclarush Taonas" is a Stargate address. Unable to make a Stargate connection to Praclarush Taonas, Sam (Amanda Tapping) instead plots the planet's location and SG-1 sets off in a Goa'uld cargo ship along with Bra'tac and a young Jaffa pilot named Ronan. Jack's condition is worsening; his actions are becoming more and more subconscious, and he is losing the ability to communicate. He gives command of the mission to Carter. They arrive at a molten planet and discover Taonas, an Ancient outpost, buried under hardened lava. O'Neill activates a hologram showing Terra Atlantus—Earth and the Lost City of Atlantis, buried in Antarctica. O'Neill removes an advanced power source from the outpost. In orbit, Bra'tac fights and successfully kills Ronan, who was not a Rebel Jaffa but actually an agent working for Anubis. During the fight, Bra'tac is wounded; O'Neill heals him using the healing powers of the Ancients, then enhances the cargo ship's hyperdrive and modifies its ring transporter to be able to melt through the ice upon reaching their destination at Antarctica.

Anubis' scouts reach Earth, but General Hammond and President Hayes believe he is attempting to probe Earth's status and hold back launching their only defense, the Prometheus. As Anubis' full force arrive in orbit, they destroy a fleet of US Navy ships, before turning their attention to Earth's communications network. Anubis appears as a hologram inside the Oval Office and demands Earth's surrender. Still at Stargate Command, Kinsey demands that Weir let him go through the Stargate to Earth's evacuation site, but Anubis dials in with a nuke (stopped only by the iris), thereby preventing his desertion. SG-1's cargo ship arrives above Antarctica and starts drilling; it is protected from a group of death gliders and Al'kesh by the Prometheus, commanded by General Hammond, and its complement of F-302 fighter craft. Once inside the Ancient facility, O'Neill installs the power source, while Daniel, Sam, and Teal'c fend off Anubis' Kull Warriors. As Hammond orders a kamikaze run on Anubis' flagship, O'Neill activates Ancient weapons that obliterate the Goa'uld fleet. A drained O'Neill indicates an Ancient stasis chamber; as it activates, he says "ave, amicis" ("goodbye, friends"). Sam is determined to save him, while Daniel realizes they are in just another outpost, not the Lost City itself. Teal'c wonders where Atlantis is as the three of them look upon the frozen O'Neill.

Development
Brad Wright began discussing plans for a Stargate SG-1 feature film and spinoff series in September 2001. In February 2002, he elaborated that Robert C. Cooper was writing the script with him, with the intent to present it to MGM. Wright also revealed that Daniel Jackson (Michael Shanks), who at that point had left the show was included in the story. In June 2002, Wright revealed that they had submitted their first draft of the script and that the feature film would bridge the end of SG-1 and a new spinoff series called Stargate Atlantis. Later that year, Richard Dean Anderson noted that MGM had instead decided to pursue a sixth season of SG-1, with the hope that it would raise both the interest and capital to produce the feature film. Anderson, who was further reducing his working days on SG-1 also conveyed his interest in being a part of the feature film.

As well as setting up the Atlantis spinoff, Cooper wanted the feature to conclude SG-1, completing their search for the Lost City of the Ancients, which had been introduced the season prior, as well as wrapping up the Anubis arc and revealing the Stargate program to the public. Believing season 7 would be the shows last, the feature film script was later adapted into a finale of SG-1, but after the Sci-Fi Channel and MGM renewed SG-1 for an eight-season which would run simultaneously with Stargate Atlantis, Wright and Cooper decided to adapt their script once more into a two-part season 7 finale as they felt they could not postpone concluding the Anubis arc for another year. There were originally discussions as to whether the season finale might be presented as a complete two-hour piece, or a television movie, although ultimately Sci Fi decided to split the story into two parts.

Wright and Cooper's original, far longer feature script was 120 pages, which meant reducing it to fit within the two hour slot. Revealing the Stargate program to the public of Earth was one of the most significant redactions to the story. There was also originally a greater emphasis on SG-1's search for a ship which could take them to the Ancient Outpost planet, giving the character Jaffa double agent, Ronan a significant role. The original film also featured a huge action sequence involving Anubis' forces attacking and destroying the United States Seventh Fleet, which was reduced to just a phone call in the final script. The romance arc of Samantha Carter and Jack O'Neill would have also played a more significant part, with Cooper and Wood teasing that there would have been a kiss between the two on board the Goa'uld cargo ship after O'Neill puts Carter in command. Other elements that would have introduced the lost city of Atlantis on Earth were altered, with some elements instead forming the Atlantis pilot "Rising". Both the feature film and earlier version of the television script would have featured an action sequence involving SG-1 parachuting from the Cargo ship in Antarctica to reach the Ancient outpost below. The writers and producers kept this the sequence in the script until one of the final drafts, but ultimately had to cut it due to the cost. The final version of the script was reduced from 120 pages to 108.

After completing the script, Cooper and Wright decided that in order to put as much money and time into the episode as they could, there would be a clip show prior to "Lost City". Entitled "Inauguration", Joseph Mallozzi & Paul Mullie put together the teleplay, recapping the event that lead to "Lost City", as well as introducing William Devane's newly elected President Henry Hayes.

Cast
William Devane, who had made his first appearance in the episode prior, returns as the newly elected President Henry Hayes, with James McDaniel also returning from the previous instalment as General Francis Maynard.

Jessica Steen was cast in the role of Dr. Elizabeth Weir, a role that the producers intended to carry over to the upcoming spinoff series, Stargate Atlantis. Cooper commented that he found it challenging writing Weir's character, as she was an antagonist in the story, "dethroning Hammond, and threatening the role of SG-1", but they wanted her to be a character that the audience would ultimately embrace and want to see in the spin-off series. Steen hadn't seen any of SG-1 prior to auditioning and being cast in the show, feeling it would best serve her performance to learn about the mythology of the series as her character did within the story. Anticipating the character becoming one of the leads in the Atlantis spinoff, Steen had a lot of questions for the writers and producers during filming, as she wanted to best understand what direction the character was heading in order to inform her performance. Steen later felt as though she must have "drove the writers, producers bannanas, to a not good degree" with her questions as she was such a "stickler for detail". In Steen's contract, an end date for filming the episode had also been set, as Steen was attending and producing a themed camp at Burning Man festival, with family. Steen was advised by her management to leave out the detail of it being for Burning Man, due to the stigma attached to attending the event. Whilst on set, Steen commented that in her excitement and ease in getting to know the cast and crew, she told people she was going to Burning Man, something she'd done every year since 1998. After completing filming, Steen was under contract from Stargate SG-1 not to take on work whilst casting and development for Atlantis was underway and in fall 2003, Steen was let go without explanation. Sometime later, Steen recalled meeting with SG-1 producer N. John Smith who explained to her how the shows producers were worried about casting someone potentially "committed to naked drugging in the desert" at Burning Man and how that might interfere with a permanent role on Stargate Atlantis. Steen commented that she was hurt and felt misunderstood by the shows producers, whilst recalled that Smith and the shows producers regretted how the situation had been handled. Ultimately the character was recast, with Torri Higginson portraying the character on subsequent appearances in SG-1 and spinoff, Atlantis.

The then real world Air Force Chief of Staff, General John P. Jumper was asked to appear in the episode. Jumper had originally been slated to appear the season prior, after taking over the role from Michael E. Ryan who had also appeared on the show, but was unable to make it to Vancouver due to the Iraq War. Originally appearing in three scenes set in The White House, Jumper was given additional scenes and dialog by the producers. Because of his position, Jumper was not paid for his role, with Air Force film coordinator Doug Thar remarking that Jumper had "a great time", joking that "he's not going to give up his day job". Members of the cast and crew were invited to dinner with Jumper and his wife during their stay in Vancouver.

This episode is Don S. Davis' final appearance as a member of the main cast. Having portrayed General George Hammond since the shows inception, Davis felt it was time to move on, remarking that the "story line has made this the perfect opportunity for me to go away". Despite announcing his impending departure in late 2003, Davis did say that he was open to returning in a reduced capacity, "I love the show, I love my fellow actors, and the writers are excellent and if there's enough money, to put it grossly, certainly I'll come back".

Showrunner and writer Robert C. Cooper felt that Richard Dean Anderson really embraced his transformation in the episode. Cooper had previously written the season 2 episode "The Fifth Race", where, as with the premise of "Lost City", O'Neill has the repository of the Ancients downloaded into his brain. Cooper felt that Anderson didn't previously enjoy it and was very reluctant when it came to speaking the Ancient language, but this time he took it much further. Anderson praised the guest cast of the episode, commenting on Jessica Steen that she was "very nice and smart and snappy and I really enjoyed working with her", as well as noting the performances of Devane and Cox.

Anubis' commanding Jaffa, Her'ak played by Michael Adamthwaite makes his finale appearance on the show. Adamthwaite joked that he would skip to the end of the script every time he was asked to return to the role, anticipating that he would meet his demise. Reoccurring guest stars Tony Amendola, Ronny Cox, David Palffy, Gary Jones return for the episode, as Bra'tac, Vice President Robert Kinsey, Anubis, and Walter Harriman respectively. The shows long-time military consultant & advisor Ron Blecker made his first onscreen appearance as a member of the SG-3.

Sci-Fi Channel ran a "Get in the Gate" competition to appear as a background extra in the episode. Out of the 56,000 entrants, Bonnie Arbuthnot from Chicago won the role, appearing in scenes with Don S. Davis, James McDaniel & William Devane.

Filming
Filming for "Lost City" took place in August 2003. Like much of season 7, filming took place in a particularly disjointed, out-of-sequence manner in order to accommodate Richard Dean Anderson, who was only working three days a week. In order to feature Anderson as much possible in "Lost City" the production team saved up their "Rick days". The episode was the second-to-last episode to begin filming. Amanda Tapping shot her parts for "Lost City" over 16 days. At the same time, Tapping also had to begin work on the subsequent and final episode of the season, "Resurrection", which was her directorial debut.

Grass fields around Maple Ridge, British Columbia were used as the backdrop to the alien world which SG-1 travel to in search of an Ancient Repository of Knowledge. The scenes involved heavy use of gasoline mortar explosions to simulate attacking spaceships. British Columbia was experiencing uncharacteristically warm weather at the time, with an increase in wildfires, so to lessen the risk, Wray Douglas' effects team sprayed over 10,000 gallons of water onto the fields, with the Maple Ridge Fire Department on location and standing-by.

The White House Oval Office set was borrowed from the X-Men film X2 (2003), with the condition that the set could not be damaged. This caused director Martin Wood some limitations with shooting a scene where the shows villain, Anubis, appears as a hologram to the American President in the Oval Office, before being fired upon by Secret Service agents. Since they were not allowed to damage the room, a number of props were made to simulate gunfire, including a portrait. The scene was then further hampered when the technocrane broke prior to filming. Wood was ultimately unsatisfied with the finished scene as he felt Anubis wasn't imposing enough.

A set was constructed which would double as both the lava rock Ancient Outpost on a distant planet that SG-1 travels to and the ice covered Ancient Outpost on Earth. In order to give the allusion of Antarctic conditions, the set was constructed in a studio which could be refrigerated.

Stunt coordinator Dan Shea choreographed one of the key fight scenes between Tony Amendola's character Bra'tac and the Jaffa double agent Ronan, portrayed by Marc Worden. The fight was shot from multiple camera angles simultaneously, with Dan Shea operating one of the steadicams in order to best capture the movements of the actors. Due to running out of time, one of the scenes in the Stargate Command briefing room had to be shot with four cameras shooting simultaneously.

Post-production
The first cut of the episode was nineteen minutes over the required length. Most of the scenes that were shot were kept in, with Robert C. Cooper and Martin Wood mostly relying on trimming scenes down. One of the scenes that was entirely cut involved President Henry Hayes (William Devane) taping his address to the American people, revealing the impending Goa'uld attack and making the Stargate program public. Other scenes, such as the team drinking at O'Neill's house, a scene in the cafeteria, Bra-tac and Ronan's fight, and the build-up to Hammond taking Prometheus into battle were all trimmed down.

Show composer Joel Goldsmith had no additional time to create his score, completing the bulk of it in just two weeks. A number of the motifs in the episode were later drawn and expanded upon for Stargate Atlantis' score, which followed on from the events of "Lost City".

The volume of visual effects meant splitting the work between Rainmaker Digital Effects, Image Engine and GVFX. Digital effects supervisor Bruce Woloshyn described the episodes visual effects as being the biggest and most ambitious on Stargate SG-1 to date. Rainmaker and Image Engine collaborated on the Death Glider air assault scenes from the first part of "Lost City". Other sequences such as Anubis' super-soldiers killing Jaffa and later engaging SG-1, the lava Ancient Outpost planet, Anubis' face and the freezing of O'Neill were handled by Rainmaker. Image Engine were responsible for creating Antarctica and the battle between Earth's forces including Prometheus, the F-302 fighters and Anubis' fleet. GVFX created some of the smaller shots, such as the ring-transporters. The team at Rainmaker delivered their completed effects at the end of November 2003.

The cargo ship fight scene between Bra'tac and Ronan was originally supposed to lead to a visual effects sequence involving the out-of-control cargo Ship colliding with the dome structure on the planet. Due to the cost, this was scaled back, with the ring-transporter instead being responsible for destabilizing the dome on the planet, oppose to the ship colliding with it.

Broadcast
Part 1 of "Lost City" first aired on March 2, 2004 in the United Kingdom on Sky One, with part 2 airing on the channel the following week on March 9, 2004. In the United Kingdom, both parts of "Lost City" came in as the second most popular broadcasts on Sky One that week, both behind new episodes of The Simpsons. Part 1 had an audience of approximately 920,000 viewers, making it Sky One's most watched broadcast of Stargate SG-1's seventh season, whilst part 2 had around 900,000, making it the channel's second most watched broadcast of the season.

In the United States, the Sci-Fi Channel broadcast part 1 on March 12, 2004, earning a 1.7 Neilsen household rating. Part 2 aired on March 19, 2003, earning a rating of 2.1, equating to approximately 2.56 million viewers which made it the second most watched episode of season seven broadcast on Sci-Fi Channel, beaten only by "Evolution" part 2, which broke ratings records for both the show and channel. In Canada, the channel Space first aired part 1 on January 27, 2005, with part 2 airing on February 3, 2005.

Reception
IGN wrote that whilst neither this episode or the series as a whole had the reputation for "presenting ground breaking science-fiction", viewers would find "an entertaining story with the usual humorous dialogue and rock steady performances that have been the show's trademark for 7 years". The performances of the guest casting, including Ronny Cox's Vice President Kinsey were also highlighted, with the reviewer writing describing him as "a great weasel of a character that you just can't wait until you see his butt get kicked". Darren Rea for Sci-fi Online called the episode "next best thing to having a theatrically released Stargate: SG1 movie", proclaiming it had the "best visual effects battles seen so far on SG-1". Rea also highlighted the presence of Richard Dean Anderson in the episode, commenting that his "unique sense of humour has been largely absent from this season", so welcomed him being in the entire duration of "Lost City".

TV Zone's Jan Vincent-Rudzki positively received both parts of the episode, particularly what he called an "extraordinary second half". In the first part of the episode, Vincent-Rudzki was of the opinion that the scenes in O'Neill's house between SG-1 and Hammond "slows the episode's pace down", after what he called "a cracking start of political machinations and battles off-world", awarding 7 out of 10. Vincent-Rudzki considered the unresolved season-long arc, searching for the lost city of Atlantis to be "starting to wear a bit thin", although he otherwise applauded the second part writing "the 'wow' factor that the series has been missing too often this season is back, in force", awarding part 2 a full 10 out 10. Julia Houston for About.com called it "one of the best episodes in the past few seasons", comparing the teamwork dynamic to earlier seasons of the show.

Writing for fansite GateWorld, contributor Alli Snow enjoyed that the episode was "peppered with scenes that define the characters", specifically mentioning Richard Dean Anderson's Jack O'Neill, writing "at the close of another Jack-light season, it's refreshing to see him at his best". Snow did feel that O'Neill's ability to heal Bra'tac in part 2 felt "convenient -- one might even say contrived", as well as believing that "the threat posed to Earth by Anubis' fleet could have been more impressively depicted". The reviewer considered the visual effects to be especially impressive and considered Amanda Tapping's performance in the final scene to be "particularly heart-rending, poignant to say the least".

Writing for Tor.com, Keith R.A. DeCandido wrote that the episode would have been a "worthy series finale if they hadn't renewed it". Amy Walker for Set the Tape placed the episode 5th in her top 10 episodes of the shows 10 season run, writing "with some superb acting and some excellently choreographed action sequences ‘Lost City’ would have acted as a great conclusion to the show". Comet placed the episode 6th in their top 10 episodes of Stargate SG-1, describing the battle sequence as the best action sequence of the series 10-year run as well as highlighting Don S. Davis final appearance as a main character. Swapna Krishna for Syfy Wire included the episode in her list of the most significant episodes in the overarching Samantha Carter and Jack O'Neill relationship storyline.

In an analysis piece for PopMatters, Marco Lanzagorta wrote "in the season’s late episodes, “Heroes,” “Inauguration,” and the two-part “The Lost City,” a complex story arc concerns a nefarious Vice President (Ronny Cox), bent on using the Stargate and the war against the Goa’uld for his own financial gain". Lanzagorta argued that "the military tends to do right in SG-1", referring to General John P. Jumper's appearance, "here a firm supporter of the Stargate Command, underlining that this is the only TV series currently endorsed and supported by the Air Force".

Award nominations
The episode was nominated in the 56th Primetime Emmy Awards, for "Outstanding Special Visual Effects for a Series", but lost to the Star Trek: Enterprise episode "Countdown". In 2005, "Lost City" was nominated for "Best Visual Effects" in the 20th Gemini Award, with spin-off series Stargate Atlantis pilot episode "Rising" ultimately winning the award. Part 2 of "Lost City" was nominated in the 3rd annual Visual Effects Society's award in the "Outstanding Visual Effects in a Broadcast Series" category, but was beaten by the Star Trek: Enterprise episode "Storm Front".

Home media and streaming
"Lost City" was presented as a single 1 hour 22 minute feature for the DVD release. The episode was first released on DVD as the sole feature of "Volume 37" on June 28, 2004 in Region 2. The release includes commentary by Robert C. Cooper, Amanda Tapping and Martin Wood, with featurettes including "SG-1 Director's Series: Lost City with Martin Wood", "Behind the Scenes: Journey inside The Lost City" and a preview of Stargate Atlantis. It was then released as part of the complete Season 7 boxsets on October 19, 2004 in Region 1 and February 28, 2005 in Region 2.

"Lost City", split as two individual episodes, along with the rest of season 7 were first made available digitally in January 2008 through iTunes and Amazon Unbox. The episode, along with every other episode of the series, were made available to stream for the first time through Netflix in the USA on August 15, 2010.

title: Lost City (Stargate SG-1)