text:
Category talk:Cities in North Dakota

Appropriate standards?
At current, the qualifications for the major city category are a population of 2450, sufficient to include the cities listed on Template:North Dakota, excluding air bases.

IMO
A cutoff point of 3000 is probably best, taking Beulah and Hazen as a unit (5609). I don't think Rugby should make the cut myself, but its unique position and population just under 3000 could merit an exception. --Alexwcovington (talk) 17:44, 10 July 2005 (UTC)

Census data
For reference, here's the centres over 2000 population from 2000 census data. After Langdon there, the next largest is Harvey at 1989.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Category talk:Cities in North Dakota


text:
Slim Jim

Slim Jim may refer to:

Object or product

 * Slim Jim (snack food), a brand of beef snack made by Conagra Brands
 * Slim Jim (antenna), a type of dipole radio antenna
 * Slim jim (lock pick), a tool for bypassing car locks
 * nickname for the narrow-body version of the British Rail Class 33 locomotive
 * nickname of the GM Roto Hydramatic transmission
 * a sandwich on the menu of Big Boy Restaurants
 * a sandwich on the menu of Shoney's Restaurants
 * a narrow necktie, favored in the Teddy Boy British subculture

Nickname or stage name

 * Slim Jim Phantom, stage name of James McDonnell (born 1961), drummer for the rockabilly group the Stray Cats
 * Jim Baxter (1939–2001), Scottish footballer
 * Howard Earl (1869–1916), American Major League Baseball player
 * W. E. Foster, late 19th and early 20th century con man – see Shootout on Juneau Wharf
 * James M. Gavin (1907–1990), US Army lieutenant general in World War II and US Ambassador to France
 * Ernest Iverson (1903–1958), American radio personality

Entertainment

 * Slim Jim, a character in the 1960 UK puppet television series Four Feather Falls
 * "Slim Jim", a 1964 episode of the UK television series Dixon of Dock Green
 * "Slim Jim", a track on the 1967 album A Bag Full of Blues by American jazz organist Jimmy McGriff

Other uses

 * Slim Jim All Pro Series, former name of the NASCAR AutoZone Elite Division, Southeast Series.

title: Slim Jim


text: Category:American musical instrument makers


text:
Tigbao

Tigbao can refer to :

 * the municipality of Tigbao, Zamboanga del Sur in the Philippines
 * the barangay of Tigbao, Cagdianao, Dinagat Islands in the Philippines
 * the Filipino word for a grass of the genus Acanthus, also known as Bear's breech

title: Tigbao


text:
Besnoitia tarandi

Besnoitia tarandi is a species of single-celled parasites that afflicts reindeer.

The Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, in collaboration with a Finnish university, studied Besnoitia tarandi tissue cysts from infected reindeer.

title: Besnoitia tarandi


text:
Byrdmaniax

Byrdmaniax is the tenth album by the American rock band the Byrds. It was released in June 1971 on Columbia Records at a time of renewed commercial and critical success for the band, due to the positive reception that their two previous albums, Ballad of Easy Rider and (Untitled), had received. The album was the second by the Byrds to feature the Roger McGuinn, Clarence White, Gene Parsons, and Skip Battin line-up of the band and was mostly recorded in early 1971, while the band were in the midst of an exhausting tour schedule. As a result, the band had little time to hone their new songs before recording commenced and thus, much of the material on the album is underdeveloped. Byrdmaniax was poorly received upon release, particularly in the United States, and did much to undermine the Byrds' new-found popularity.

The album peaked at number 46 on the Billboard Top LPs chart but failed to reach the UK Albums Chart. The song "I Trust (Everything Is Gonna Work Out Alright)" was released as a preceding single on May 7, 1971 in the United Kingdom but it did not chart. A second single taken from the album, "Glory, Glory", was released on August 20, 1971 and reached number 110 on the Billboard chart, but again, the single failed to reach the UK chart. Byrdmaniax remains one of the Byrds' most poorly received album releases, largely due to the incongruous addition of strings, horns, and a gospel choir which were overdubbed onto the songs by producer Terry Melcher and arranger Paul Polena, reportedly without the band's consent.

Overview
After the release of the Byrds' (Untitled) album, the band continued to tour extensively throughout late 1970 and early 1971 in support of the record. With the band's career experiencing a revival of commercial fortunes, the Byrds elected to continue working with Terry Melcher, who had produced the band's two previous albums. Unfortunately, the grueling pace of the band's touring schedule meant that they were under-prepared for the recording of their next album, with little or no time to develop the material that they intended to include. Sessions for Byrdmaniax commenced on October 6, 1970, just three weeks after the release of (Untitled), and continued throughout January and March 1971, with the band recording twelve new songs as well as revisiting an outtake from the (Untitled) sessions, "Kathleen's Song". The album's pre-release working title was Expensive, a tongue-in-cheek reference to the bloated costs incurred during the recording of the album, but ultimately this was dropped in favor of the less opulent sounding Byrdmaniax.

Music
Among guitarist Roger McGuinn's songwriting contributions to the album was the modal acoustic ballad "Pale Blue" (co-written with drummer Gene Parsons). The song's title can be seen as a metaphor for a mood, while its romantic lyrics deal with the conflicting themes of freedom and security. With its melancholy sense of longing, folksy instrumentation, and sensitive lead vocal performance, "Pale Blue" is often regarded by critics as being one of the most successful musical statements on the album as well as something of a lost classic among the Byrds' oeuvre. Another McGuinn-penned song included on Byrdmaniax was the commercially unsuccessful, quasi-gospel single "I Trust" (re-titled as "I Trust (Everything Is Gonna Work Out Alright)" for the single release). The song's title and lyrical refrain was inspired by McGuinn's personal catchphrase, "I trust everything will turn out alright", which itself had been borrowed by the guitarist during the mid-1960s from the best-selling book The Power of Positive Thinking by Norman Vincent Peale.

McGuinn's other compositional contributions to Byrdmaniax were two songs that he had written with lyricist Jacques Levy for the pair's aborted Broadway musical, Gene Tryp. Of these, "Kathleen's Song" had originally been intended for a scene in which the song's eponymous heroine patiently waits for Gene Tryp, her lover, to return home from his travels. "Kathleen's Song" had, in fact, been recorded in June 1970 during the recording sessions for (Untitled) but had been omitted from that album at the eleventh hour, due to a lack of space. As a result, there are promo copies of (Untitled) known to exist that list the song (under the abbreviated title "Kathleen") on the album sleeve. The Byrds returned to "Kathleen's Song" in January and March 1971, undertaking additional recording work in order to ready the track for release on Byrdmaniax. The second Gene Tryp song included on the album was "I Wanna Grow Up to Be a Politician", a whimsical ragtime pastiche that had been written for a scene in the musical in which the hero, Gene Tryp, runs as a presidential candidate. The song found a second lease of life away from the confines of Gene Tryp, however, when its satirical lyrics found favor with America's radical youth, who were rebelling against the Nixon administration during the early 1970s.

Byrdmaniax also included a pair of novelty songs penned by the band's bass player, Skip Battin, and his songwriting partner Kim Fowley. The first of these, "Tunnel of Love", was an organ driven Fats Domino pastiche, while the second, "Citizen Kane", served as a wry comment on Hollywood life and its celebrity legacy during the 1940s and 1950s. Unfortunately, the inclusion of these two songs, along with McGuinn and Levy's jaunty "I Wanna Grow Up to Be a Politician", caused the album to suffer from an overabundance of pastiche and whimsy. A third Battin–Fowley song, "Absolute Happiness", was more serious, with its dramatic lyrics providing a Buddhism-inspired meditation on positive values and the power of nature.

The album's opening track, "Glory, Glory", was borrowed by drummer Gene Parsons from the repertoire of The Art Reynolds Singers, just as "Jesus Is Just Alright" on Ballad of Easy Rider had been. Despite featuring a striking piano part and strong gospel backing vocals, the song lacked the immediacy of "Jesus Is Just Alright", as producer Terry Melcher admitted in a 1977 interview: "We were aiming to cut another 'Jesus Is Just Alright', but we didn't make it. Larry Knechtel played piano on this cut but it was too fast. The whole thing was a mess." The album also included a bluegrass instrumental named "Green Apple Quick Step", written by Parsons and lead guitarist Clarence White, which featured guest musicians Eric White, Sr. (Clarence's father) on harmonica and Byron Berline on fiddle. White also brought the Helen Carter song "My Destiny" to the recording sessions, having first learned it during his days as a bluegrass musician. White elected to sing lead vocal on the track but unfortunately his nasal voice and the band's lackluster musical backing gave the recording a fatalistic and dirge-like quality. The final track on Byrdmaniax was a rendition of "Jamaica Say You Will", written by the then unknown Jackson Browne and featuring a Clarence White vocal performance that is widely regarded as one of his best on a Byrds' album.

In addition to the eleven songs included on the original LP, at least two outtakes from the album sessions are known to exist: a recording of Bob Dylan's "Just Like a Woman"—which had also been attempted during the (Untitled) recording sessions—and a cover of ex-Byrd Gene Clark's "Think I'm Gonna Feel Better". Both songs remained in the Columbia vaults for almost 29 years, before finally being released in 2000 as bonus tracks on the Columbia/Legacy reissue of Byrdmaniax. The version of "Just Like a Woman" recorded for the album in 1971 represented the last Dylan song that the Byrds would record until "Paths of Victory", during the 1990 reunion sessions that were included on The Byrds box set. A third outtake from the album sessions that is rumored to exist is the Parsons–White composition "Blue Grease". This song was included in a pre-release track listing for the album that was published in the Byrds' fanclub newsletter, The Byrds Bulletin, in early 1971. However, the track failed to appear on the album and may not have even been recorded by the band, since there is no mention of it in the Columbia files or in contemporary studio documentation.

Post-production
Following the completion of recording sessions for the album in early March 1971, the Byrds headed out on tour again, leaving Terry Melcher and engineer Chris Hinshaw to finish mixing the album. In the Byrds' absence, Melcher and Hinshaw brought in arranger Paul Polena to assist with the overdubbing of strings, horns, and a gospel choir onto many of the songs, at a reported cost of $100,000 and allegedly without the band's consent. When the band heard the extent of Melcher's additions they protested to Columbia Records, campaigning to have the album remixed and the orchestration removed but the record company held firm, citing budget restrictions, and the record was duly pressed up and released.

For his part, Melcher defended his actions by explaining that the band's performances in the studio were lackluster and that the orchestration was needed to cover up the album's musical shortcomings. In a 1977 interview with the Byrds' biographer Johnny Rogan, Melcher attempted to illustrate the situation in the recording studio during the making of the album and also explain his rationale for the orchestral additions: "Several members of the group were involved in divorces and they were hiding from their wives. It was complete bedlam in the studio. Everyone had too many problems. There was a lack of interest on everybody's part. I was trying to save the album, but it was a mistake. I should have called a halt." Melcher also succinctly highlighted his lack of confidence in the quality of the material that the band had recorded: "I think the orchestration was a big mistake, but the songs were weak." As for not obtaining the band's consent for the overdubs, Melcher explained "I admit that I wasn't in consultation with them a lot and I didn't really deal with Clarence, Battin or Parsons on these matters. But I'm sure it was inconceivable that McGuinn did not know about the orchestration."

The band themselves were far from happy with the album and upon its release, were vocal in press interviews about their dissatisfaction. Even two years later, Clarence White complained to journalist Pete Frame that "Terry Melcher put strings on while we were on the road, we came back and we didn't even recognize it as our own album." Gene Parsons disowned the album completely, describing it as "Melcher's folly" and commenting in interviews that the band were all appalled by what they heard when they returned from touring. McGuinn actually defended Melcher somewhat by indicating in an interview with the English journalist Keith Altham that the album had been taken away from the producer at the last minute and given to an engineer in San Francisco to remix. However, the production credits on the original LP sleeve do not support McGuinn's claim and Melcher later stated that he had no recollection of the album being mixed by anyone other than himself. In more recent years, McGuinn has conceded to journalist David Fricke that the album's shortcomings were not down to Melcher's over-production alone: "We were just idling artistically, the album sounds like we really weren't concentrating on doing good work, good art."

Release and reception
Byrdmaniax was released on June 23, 1971 in the United States (catalogue item KC 30640) and August 6, 1971 in the United Kingdom (catalogue item S 64389). Although the album was issued in stereo commercially, there is some evidence to suggest that mono copies of the album (possibly radio station promos) were distributed in the UK. As well as being issued in the standard stereo format, Byrdmaniax was also released in 1971 as a Quadraphonic LP in Japan on the CBS Sony label (catalogue item SOPL-34001). The quadraphonic version of the album features a noticeably different mix to the standard stereo version.

The album peaked at number 46 on the Billboard Top LPs chart, during a chart stay of ten weeks, but failed to chart in the UK. A single, "I Trust (Everything Is Gonna Work Out Alright)" b/w "(Is This) My Destiny", was released ahead of the album on May 7, 1971 in the UK, to coincide with a European tour, but it did not chart. A second single taken from the album, "Glory, Glory" (b/w "Citizen Kane"), was released on August 20, 1971 and reached number 110 on the Billboard chart but again failed to chart in the UK. The album cover artwork, featuring a set of silver "death masks"—one for each member of the band—was designed by Virginia Team and Grammy Award-winning Columbia Records' art director, John Berg. These foreboding plaster facemasks, which were created by artist Mary Leonard and photographed by Don Jim, have been regarded by some critics as an accurate visual representation of the lifeless music on the album and the declining state of the band in 1971.

Upon its release, Byrdmaniax was greeted positively by the UK music press but received scathing reviews in the U.S. Richard Meltzer's review in the August 1971 edition of Rolling Stone magazine was particularly vicious, with Meltzer describing the album as "increments of pus". The same review also described the McGuinn–Levy composition "I Wanna Grow Up to Be a Politician" as a song that was "degenerating into namby pamby innocuous mickey mouse with latent-blatant political content". Meltzer concluded his withering attack by deriding the Byrds themselves as "a boring dead group." In the UK, Roy Hollingworth's review in the August 14, 1971 edition of Melody Maker was more positive and described the album as "one sweet length of bursting Byrds sunshine, so perfect in quality and quantity you'd feel an absolute heel to ask for more." Record Mirror was also enthusiastic in its praise of the album, describing it as "another fine album by the Byrds." However, not all British reviews of Byrdmaniax were positive, with Richard Green of the NME noting that "When the true history of rock comes to be written, the Byrds will get a deserved place of honour on the strength of tunes like 'Mr. Tambourine Man', 'Eight Miles High', and 'So You Want to Be a Rock 'n' Roll Star'. Hopefully the writer will not have listened to Byrdmaniax or he may drastically alter his opinion." Green was also critical of Terry Melcher's use of strings and horns on many of the tracks, concluding that "Orchestration is all very well for some bands, but not, on this showing, for the Byrds."

Today, Byrdmaniax is generally regarded as the Byrds' weakest album, as well as the least popular of any of the band's releases amongst their fanbase. Mark Deming, writing for the AllMusic website, has summed up the album by concluding "Not an awful album, but Byrdmaniax is hardly the pleasure it could have been in the hands of a more tasteful production team." In his 2000 review for The Austin Chronicle, Raoul Hernandez gave the album a rating of three stars out of five, commenting "Byrdmaniax may be as disjointed as reviews claimed at the time, but most of these same critics didn't like Sweetheart of the Rodeo either, and if the Gram Parsons-blessed classic is ground zero for 'country rock' then Maniax is full-blown 'gospel rock'." Rolling Stone senior editor David Fricke remarked in 2000 that Byrdmaniax suffered not just from Melcher's inappropriate orchestration, but also from being a Byrds' album that is almost totally bereft of the Byrds' signature sound. According to Fricke, the familiar chime of McGuinn's 12-string Rickenbacker guitar is lost beneath the overbearing strings and the band's trademark harmonies are also largely absent from the album.

Byrdmaniax was remastered at 20-bit resolution as part of the Columbia/Legacy Byrds series. It was reissued in an expanded form on February 22, 2000 with three bonus tracks. These bonus tracks included an outtake version of Gene Clark's "Think I'm Gonna Feel Better", sung by Clarence White (who had also played guitar on Clark's original 1967 solo recording of the song); a stripped-down alternate version of "Pale Blue"; and a rendition of Bob Dylan's "Just Like a Woman". The remastered reissue also includes, as a hidden track, an alternate version of "Green Apple Quick Step", which is sometimes known by the alternate title "Byrdgrass". Byrdmaniax was again reissued in Japan in the Blu-Spec High Definition audio format on February 14, 2014. Bonus tracks Include the Mono promotional single version of 'Glory, Glory', a live version of 'I Trust', the previously released bonus tracks of 'Think I'm Gonna Feel better' and 'Just Like A Woman', and a newly uncovered studio song 'Nothin' To it'. The disc comes in a cd-sized gatefold paper sleeve album replica (Mini LP) with obi strip and booklet insert of notes (mostly in Japanese). Actual track durations are given in the booklet insert.

Side 1

 * 1) "Glory, Glory" (Arthur Reynolds) – 4:03
 * 2) "Pale Blue" (Roger McGuinn, Gene Parsons) – 2:22
 * 3) "I Trust" (Roger McGuinn) – 3:19
 * 4) "Tunnel of Love" (Skip Battin, Kim Fowley) – 4:59
 * 5) "Citizen Kane" (Skip Battin, Kim Fowley) – 2:36

Side 2

 * 1) "I Wanna Grow Up to Be a Politician" (Roger McGuinn, Jacques Levy) – 2:03
 * 2) "Absolute Happiness" (Skip Battin, Kim Fowley) – 2:38
 * 3) "Green Apple Quick Step" (Gene Parsons, Clarence White) – 1:49
 * 4) "My Destiny" (Helen Carter) – 3:38
 * 5) "Kathleen's Song" (Roger McGuinn, Jacques Levy) – 2:40
 * 6) "Jamaica Say You Will" (Jackson Browne) – 3:27

2000 CD reissue bonus tracks
1. "Just Like a Woman" (Bob Dylan) - 3:56

2. "Pale Blue" [Alternate Version] (Roger McGuinn, Gene Parsons) - 2:33

3. "Think I'm Gonna Feel Better" (Gene Clark) - 6:04
 * NOTE: this song ends at 2:33; at 2:45 begins "Green Apple Quick Step" [Alternate Version] (Gene Parsons, Clarence White)

Singles

 * 1) "I Trust (Everything Is Gonna Work Out Alright)" b/w "(Is This) My Destiny"    (CBS 7253)     May 7, 1971
 * 2) "Glory, Glory" b/w "Citizen Kane"    (Columbia 45440)     August 20, 1971      (US #110)

Personnel
NOTES:
 * Sources for this section are as follows:
 * Track numbers refer to CD and digital releases of the album.
 * On bonus track 12 Larry Knechtel plays organ and Jackson Browne plays piano; on bonus track 14 Jimmi Seiter plays tambourine.

 * The Byrds
 * Roger McGuinn - guitar, vocals
 * Clarence White - guitar, mandolin, vocals
 * Skip Battin - electric bass, vocals
 * Gene Parsons - drums, harmonica, banjo, vocals

 * Additional Personnel
 * Larry Knechtel - piano (tracks 1, 4, 5, 6, 9) and organ (tracks 4, 7)
 * Terry Melcher - piano (track 3),
 * Sneaky Pete Kleinow - pedal steel guitar (tracks 3, 9)
 * Byron Berline - fiddle (track 8)
 * Eric White, Sr. - harmonica (track 8)
 * Jimmi Seiter - percussion (tracks 4, 5, 7)
 * Merry Clayton - backing vocal as member of female choir (track 1)

 * Unknown Musicians:
 * female choir (tracks 1, 3, 4)
 * strings (tracks 2, 7, 11)
 * horns (tracks 4, 10)
 * saxophone (tracks 4, 6)
 * trumpets (muted), woodwinds (track 5)
 * marching band (track 6)
 * harp (track 7)
 * orchestra (track 10)

 * Production
 * Terry Melcher, Chris Hinshaw - producers
 * Eric Prestidge, Glen Kolotkin, Chris Hinshaw - engineers
 * Paul F. Polena - arranger (orchestra, strings, horns, woodwinds, choir; fiddle, organ, and piano overdubs)

title: Byrdmaniax


text:
Domino (Squeeze album)

Domino is a 1998 album by the British new wave group Squeeze. It was the band's twelfth studio album. After a career struggling with various major record labels, the band decided to record and release Domino independently, on Glenn Tilbrook's own Quixotic Records. Core members Tilbrook and Chris Difford were joined by three brand new Squeeze members for this album: drummer Ashley Soan, bassist Hilaire Penda, and keyboardist Christopher Holland (Jools's younger brother).

The album was hastily made, and received negative reactions from critics. Difford and Tilbrook have both since denounced Domino as a weak effort, marred by time constraints and increasing friction between the two songwriters. Difford chose not to join a 1999 tour due to concerns related to his history of alcoholism, after which Squeeze disbanded. The album did not appear in the UK Albums Chart; their first to fail to do so.

Reception
Stephen Thomas Erlewine of AllMusic was highly dismissive of the record, calling it a "disappointment" and a "dud", further commenting that "all the familiar elements are in place, but nothing really clicks".

Track listing
All songs written by Chris Difford and Glenn Tilbrook.
 * 1) "Play On" – 3:39
 * 2) "Bonkers" – 3:43
 * 3) "What's Wrong with This Picture?" – 3:24
 * 4) "Domino" – 4:34
 * 5) "To Be a Dad" – 4:10
 * 6) "Donkey Talk" – 4:27
 * 7) "Sleeping with a Friend" – 4:55
 * 8) "Without You Here" – 3:28
 * 9) "In the Morning" – 3:34
 * 10) "A Moving Story" – 3:11
 * 11) "Little King" – 3:33
 * 12) "Short Break" – 4:20

Personnel
Squeeze
 * Chris Difford – guitars, vocals
 * Glenn Tilbrook – vocals, keyboards, programming, loops, guitars
 * Chris Holland – acoustic piano, organ, keyboards, vocals
 * Hilaire Penda – bass
 * Ashley Soan – drums, vocals

Additional personnel
 * Jessica Rowan – recorder (1)
 * Nick Harper – guitars (10)
 * Sukie Green – additional vocals (5)
 * Jeff Harvey – additional vocals (12)

Production
 * Glenn Tilbrook – producer, mixing
 * Neil Amor – engineer, mixing
 * Patrick Moore – engineer
 * Roger Wake – mastering at Bourbery-Wake Studios
 * Sukie Green – design
 * Jimmy Gaston – front cover photography, additional photography
 * Sandrine Albert – additional photography
 * Simo Bogdanovic – additional photography
 * Julian Woodfield – additional photography

title: Domino (Squeeze album)


text: File:ByrdmaniaxCover.jpg

title: File:ByrdmaniaxCover.jpg


text: User talk:69.217.18.148

title: User talk:69.217.18.148


text:
Bruno the Saxon

Bruno the Saxon (Latin: Bruno Saxonicus), also known as Bruno of Merseburg (German: Brun von Merseburg) or Bruno of Magdeburg, was a German chronicler of the eleventh century and author of the Historia de Bello Saxonico ('History of the Saxon War').

Life
Little is known of his life. Bruno was probably from an aristocratic background. He was a Saxon monk belonging to the household of Archbishop Werner of Magdeburg, who was a vigorous opponent of Henry IV and one of the leaders of the Saxon uprising against the emperor. After the death of the archbishop in 1078 at the hands of peasants, Bruno attached himself to Werner of Wolkenburg, Prince-Bishop of Merseburg, to whom, in 1082, he dedicated the work, "De Bello Saxonico" by which he is chiefly known. As its name indicates, it is a record of the struggles of the Saxons with the Emperor Henry IV. The author begins with an account of the youth of Henry and the evil influence exerted over him by Archbishop Adalbert of Hamburg-Bremen after he had passed from the stern tutelage of Anno II, Archbishop of Cologne. He then traces the relations of the emperor with the Saxons and narrates at length the causes and events of the Saxon rebellions, ending with the election of Hermann of Luxemburg as king in 1081.

Historia de Bello Saxonico
Bruno sought to justify the rebellion of the Saxons and the election of the first anti-king, Rudolf, and to show how by his oppressive government King Henry had forfeited any right to rule, both for himself and his dynasty. Bruno also devoted considerable attention to Henry’s dispute with Pope Gregory VII, ten of whose letters he reproduced in his history. But while supporting the pope against the king, he made clear, both in his own words and through letters which he copied, that the German rebels were deeply disappointed by the Gregory’s absolution of Henry at Canossa in December 1076, and his attempt to remain neutral after the more intransigent rebels had elected a rival king at Forchheim in March 1077. Bruno was at pains to stress that this election was conducted with the full knowledge and involvement of a papal legate, and indeed followed the standards of probity laid down by canon law. Hence there could be no doubt about its validity. Bruno described the dissatisfaction of the Saxons to the actions of Gregory VII. The German rebels reproached Gregory VII for not supporting the anti-king Rudolf. The letters to which they refer, which Bruno reproduced in full, were those sent by Gregory in the summer of 1077 to his legates, and to the clergy and people of Germany, setting out the terms by which a judgement might be made between the respective claims of Henry and Rudolf to be the rightful king.

Criticism
There has been a difference of opinion regarding the historical value of Bruno's work. It was written during the contentions between Henry and Pope Gregory VII, and the author has been classed with those partisans who, either through ignorance or malice, endeavoured to lower Henry in the esteem of his subjects. Bruno indeed supported the pope's cause, and his Saxon sympathies manifest themselves at times in his writings, but of his sincerity and his expressed purpose to narrate the truth there can be no doubt. He made the most of his sources of information and, in spite of occasional omissions, gives a vivid picture of the times from the point of view of an interested contemporary. The letters of Saxon bishops and other original documents which he includes in his history give added value to the work.1

Editions

 * Bruno of Merseburg, The Saxon War, trans. Bernard S. Bachrach and David S. Barchrach. Catholic University of America Press, 2022.

title: Bruno the Saxon


text:
Sonfjället National Park

Sonfjället, also spelled Sånfjället (local dialect: Sôna), is a national park situated in Härjedalen, in central Sweden. It was established in 1909, making it one of Europe's oldest national parks. Following a land extension in 1989, it now covers 103 km2.

The mountainous area is filled with large boulders, intersected by streaming lakes. Trailing around the mountain area is also a widespread forest area.

The park is noted for the animals living in it: a resident bear tribe, and a large elk tribe. Other animals are also common, including wolves and lynx.

Etymology
The national park is named after the mountain Sonfjället which reaches 1278 m above sea level. The exact meaning of the word son in this context is not known. It may be related to the Old West Norse word sunna, meaning Sun, and Sonfjället would thus literally mean "the sun fell". This theory has however been disputed and claimed to be inconsistent with the local pronunciation.

From 1919 to 2010, the name was officially spelled as Sånfjället, which the governing body thought better represented the pronunciation, however in June 2010, the official spelling was reverted to Sonfjället.

title: Sonfjället National Park


text: File:SilversteinWhenBrokenIsEasilyFixed.jpg


text:
Celeda

Celeda (a.k.a. Victoria Sharpe) is an American dance music singer and drag performer. She was born in Chicago, Illinois.

She began having hits on the U.S. Hot Dance Club Play chart in the late 1990s, beginning with "Music Is the Answer (Dancin' & Prancin')," a collaboration with DJ and producer Danny Tenaglia that peaked at number 15 in 1998. The track reached #36 in the UK Singles Chart in September 1998.

In December 2016, Billboard magazine ranked her as the 97th most successful dance artist of all-time.

In 1999, Celeda released a full-length album entitled This Is It on Twisted Records and on the Portuguese Kaos Records. The album featured tracks produced by E-Smoove, Danny Tenaglia, Cevin Fisher, Peter Rauhofer and Maurice Joshua among others. The tracks released as singles were "Messin' with My Mind" (1997), "Music Is the Answer (Dancin' & Prancin')" (1998), "Be Yourself (And No One Else)" and "Burnin' Up" (1999). The album contained the dance hits "Let the Music Use You Up" and "Happy".

Since then Celeda placed four consecutive singles in the top 10, including "The Underground", which hit number one on the U.S. dance chart in 2001 (originally produced by Peter Rauhofer and remixed by Saeed & Palash).

 * This Is It track listing
 * 1) "Burnin' Up"
 * 2) "Try Again"
 * 3) "Hooked on You"
 * 4) "Music Is the Answer (Dancin' & Prancin')"
 * 5) "Happy"
 * 6) "Movin' On"
 * 7) "Let the Music Use You Up"
 * 8) "I'm Grateful"
 * 9) "Release the Power"
 * 10) "Beat Me Down"
 * 11) "Messin' with My Mind"
 * 12) "Be Yourself (And No One Else)" (Parts 1 & 2)
 * 13) "Get It Together"
 * 14) "This Is It"

title: Celeda


text:
Talk:Fundamental theorem of poker

Opening comment
Just in case tinyurl ever dies, the complete URL for the link I gave is:

http://groups-beta.google.com/group/rec.gambling.poker /browse_thread/thread/2e0c266cb6293859/6b2068000df84361?fwc=1

Evercat 17:46, 10 July 2005 (UTC)

Copyvio?
I've just removed an entire section from the article because I think it was a copyvio from [removed stealing site URL, see edit history for it]. Revert if I'm wrong. --Zoz (t) 21:16, 26 July 2006 (UTC)

 * That site has only been live for two months. They just stole the wiki article. 2005 21:31, 26 July 2006 (UTC)
 * D'oh. Thanks for correcting me, then. --Zoz (t) 22:19, 26 July 2006 (UTC)

 * I'm I missing something? It seems to me the theorm is saying nothing more than "the best way to play a hand is they way you'd play it if you hand complete knowledge of everyones cards". Is it anything more that that?  —Preceding unsigned comment added by 98.234.65.214 (talk) 06:32, 2 August 2008 (UTC)

 * There is more to it. It also says that when one player gains, the other necessarily loses. It claims there are no cases where both players gain or both players lose. This is why it's wrong for multiway pots or multiplayer tournaments. 213.243.163.221 (talk) 12:26, 6 November 2009 (UTC)

 * Also, it's not technically talking about the best way for you to play your cards (except in the corollary) - it's talking about the best outcome for you as a player given how your opponent plays their cards. Your goal, therefore, as a poker player is to try to get your opponent to play their cards differently than they would if they knew what cards you had, no matter what cards your opponent actually holds.  Note that the theorem says "differently", it does not say "more aggressively" or "more passively", and it does not talk about folding or raising.  Another way of looking at it: any time you can fool your opponent into thinking you hold different cards than you actually do, you gain. 99.46.136.183 (talk) 09:11, 8 September 2013 (UTC)

Unclear example
Is it just me, or is the Example section kind of an unreadable mess?

First we have a pronoun issue. The text overuses "he" with unclear, sometimes shifting antecedents. Reading it, I frequently can't follow whether it refers to Tom or the Big Blind. At one point a "she" even appears out of nowhere!

Persuasively, the explanation also suffers. It asserts that, if Tom knew his opponent's cards, Tom's best decision would be to raise on the flop. Why? The paragraph above lays out the rationale for folding when Tom is ignorant quite thoroughly, including the possibility the BB is on a flush or straight draw. How then does the knowledge that the BB is indeed drawing to a flush and a (partially blocked) gutshot tip the calculus? To make matters even more confusing, the text even states the BB would be getting correct pot odds to call, which seems to suggest the BB maintains an advantage. I know there is probably a rationale behind the move but, for a beginner-level article, it should be fleshed out more completely. Instead, the article justifies the decision by appeal to the Fundamental Theorem of Poker, which strikes me as totally circular.

Grifter84 (talk) 01:13, 12 July 2017 (UTC)
 * Cleaned up the language a bit. It still doesn't answer the question that it is better to raise because 99 is a favorite over 87 on this flop, but it should make who has what clearer. 2005 (talk) 01:32, 12 July 2017 (UTC)

Application to this theorem in other games
As I read the theorem itself, albeit with my limited understanding of Poker and the theorem itself, I instantly thought of how this theorem also holds for other games; my mind instantly jumped to Mahjong. For example, it would be foolish to try and go for thirteen orphans if someone else has a closed kan/kong (four) of terminals or honours.

I'm sure this isn't the only other game this rule applies to. Question is, what other games does this theorem apply to, and would it be worth discussing in the article? KittySaya (talk) 08:16, 29 January 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Fundamental theorem of poker


text: User talk:69.166.128.255

title: User talk:69.166.128.255


text:
Talk:Marwari people

Famous Marwaris

 * Editors are requested to add the names of famous Marwaris. There are several of who may be mentioned. Thanks.--Bhadani 17:59, 10 July 2005 (UTC)

There is a lot of vandalism going on in this section. Vandalism will be immediately reverted back. It is only hurting the marwari community by adding not so famous names. WilliamFord 03:03, 29 October 2006 (UTC)

The vandalism of this section is still going on unabated. It is quite disgraceful as the representatives of the community themselves are not feeling responsible and continuing to add unknown/little known names on this list.

Removed Keshub Mahindra from the list (Mahindra is a Punjabi Khatri family).

Famous and Influential should list those who have received world-wide recognition and/or fame in their chosen profession and beyond. WilliamFord 04:03, 25 November 2006 (UTC)

 * I have pruned the list. Lists of people should ideally only include those who are sufficiently notable to be eligible for a Wikipedia article - see Notability, or, failing that, there should be a source for their notability. --Bonadea (talk) 09:50, 5 November 2008 (UTC)

Map of marwar is incorrect
The Marwar region is located in south-west rajasthan not north east as shown on the map. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 141.117.97.175 (talk • contribs) 16:57, 6 April 2006 (UTC)

WikiProject class rating
This article was automatically assessed because at least one WikiProject had rated the article as start, and the rating on other projects was brought up to start class. BetacommandBot 18:43, 9 November 2007 (UTC)

WP:INDIA Banner/Rajasthan workgroup Addition
Note: WP India Project Banner with Rajasthan workgroup parameters was added to this article talk page because the article falls under Category:Rajasthan or its subcategories. Should you feel this addition is inappropriate, please undo my changes and update/remove the relavent categories to the article --  TinuCherian  (Wanna Talk?) - 07:31, 23 June 2008 (UTC)

Merger
As a matter of fact Marwaris are subgroup of Rajasthani people. I propose to merge Marwaris to Rajasthani people article. This makes sense. -- Onef9day  Talk! 08:38, 6 September 2010 (UTC)

Not well written
Although the article does provide detailed information on Marwaris, the style and approach are very stilted. The writing is poor in grammar and uses words inappropriately (malapropisms). While the historical and geographical profiles are adequately neutral, many other sections are written like endorsements, rather than facets of a community presented objectively.

Overall, this article needs extensive rewriting.

59.92.174.21 (talk) 05:04, 11 September 2011 (UTC)Mallikarjuna K
 * I intend to do this over the next few weeks. - Sitush (talk) 12:26, 29 March 2012 (UTC)

Requested move

 * The following is a closed discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

The result of the move request was: move this page to Marwari people and Marwari (disambiguation) to Marwari, per the discussion below. Dekimasu よ! 02:13, 14 October 2014 (UTC)

Marwari → Marwari people – Per Naming conventions (languages), there is almost always no primary topic with respect to people vs. language. This article is definitely no exception, and should therefore be at Marwari people. --JorisvS (talk) 14:09, 6 October 2014 (UTC) JorisvS (talk) 14:09, 6 October 2014 (UTC)
 * Support Gregkaye ✍ ♪  15:37, 6 October 2014 (UTC)
 * Support 24.131.80.54 (talk) 14:25, 12 October 2014 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page or in a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

Astrakhan
Marwari traders also came to Astrakhan. The Muslim Agryzhan (pronounced: Agrizhan also Agrijan) descend from about 52 Indian merchants, 1 of whom was a Muslim, the rest was Hindu. The Indian merchants married Muslim Tatar women, also Buddhist Kalmyks (Turk people) and Russian women. The families lived in suburb Agryzhan, the descendants were named after the suburb. This resulted in the people of the Agrizhan Tatars, who were later assimilated into the Astrakhan Tatars. Unfortunately, the entire article about the Agrizhan is false. This is the reason why Agrizhan are Muslims today, but they didnt forget there Indian-Hindu roots. Agrizhan are only culturell Muslims. Tatarsko (talk) 11:02, 31 March 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Marwari people


text:
Talk:Ted Moult

Untitled
According to Wikipedia, Ted Moult committed suicide, but I haven't so far been able to find any independent confirmation of this.Shantavira 17:47, 10 July 2005 (UTC)

He shot himself after a period of depression.

Leg injury.
No WP:RS but I'm told he had a severe leg injury and couldn't control the pain. Any further info? JRPG (talk) 07:51, 28 April 2018 (UTC)

Career list
Is there a verb missing from the long list in the second paragraph of the Career section? What does the list mean? Are there any references to help? Frans Fowler (talk) 09:03, 4 August 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Ted Moult


text:
Meloidogyne incognita

Meloidogyne incognita (root-knot nematode, RKN), also known as the southern root-nematode or cotton root-knot nematode is a plant-parasitic roundworm in the family Heteroderidae. This nematode is one of the four most common species worldwide and has numerous hosts. It typically incites large, usually irregular galls on roots as a result of parasitism.

M. incognita can move along shallower temperature gradients (0.001 °C/cm) than any other known organism, an example of thermotaxis. The response is complicated and thought to allow the nematodes to move toward an appropriate level in soil, while they search for chemical cues that can guide them to specific roots.

Distribution
Meloidogyne incognita is widely spread around the globe and found in many different soil types.

Host
Meloidogyne incognita is probably the most economically important plant-parasitic nematode species among the tropical and subtropical regions. This nematode is extremely polyphagous, attacking both monocotyledons and dicotyledons. It is estimated that more than 3,000 plant species can be affected. It is a common cause of severe disease in the staple crop cassava (Manihot esculenta). It produces severe galling and thus yield loss.

Symptoms
Plants affected by M. incognita present above ground symptoms of water- and nutrient-stress, yellowing, wilting, and stunting. Below ground galling on roots, bulbs, tubers is the typical symptom. Plant death may occur in high infestation level.

Morphology
Females of M. incognita are pear-shaped with no posterior protuberance. Their stylet ranges from 15 to 16 μm long, and knobs are rounded and offset. Perineal pattern is oval to rounded, typically with high dorsal arch, striae usually wavy, and lateral field absent or weakly demarcated. Males have a not offset head with an elevated labial disc without lateral lips (usually). Their stylet ranges from 23 to 26 μm long, and knobs are rounded to oval and offset. Juveniles' second stage body size ranges from 350 to 450 μm long. Their tail has a rounded tip and ranges from 43 to 65 μm in length with a 6 to 14 μm long hyaline region.

Life cycle
Within the egg, the first molt occurs and a juvenile first state (J1) becomes a juvenile second stage (J2). Under favorable conditions (temperature, moisture, host stimulus) the J2 hatches, reaches and penetrates the host root. Root tips are the primary infection court. Once inside the roots, J2 migrate through cortical tissues towards the vascular zone where they establish a permanent feeding site called giant cell. At this point the nematode enlarges acquire a "sausage" shape and becomes sedentary. Three more molts occur, J2 becomes J3, J4 and then adult. M. incognita is sexually dimorphic. Females acquire a globose shaped body while males become vermiform and leave the roots. Upon maturity females lay eggs into a gelatinous mass that protect them against unfavorable environmental conditions, and the life cycle is repeated. It takes 37 days at 21 C for M. incognita to complete its life cycle.

Management
Management of M. incognita depends primarily on the crop being affected and relies on multiple strategies such as cultural, biological and chemical control. Among the cultural control crop rotation with nonhost or resistant varieties can be used to keep the nematode population at tolerable levels. Also, usage of organic amendments and antagonistic crops such as Crotalaria spectabilis (Leguminosae) and several Tagetes species (Asteraceae) is effective against this nematode. Some fungi that parasitize eggs, for example Paecilomyces lilacinus, have been using as a biological control. There are several nematicides out in the market for controlling M. incognita.

title: Meloidogyne incognita


text:
Libon

Libon may refer to:

 * Libon (architect), an ancient Greek architect
 * Libon (Bithynia), a town of ancient Bithynia
 * Libon (service), a VoIP and instant messaging application for smartphones
 * Libon, Albay, Philippines
 * A village in the Logo Anseba district of Eritrea

title: Libon


text:
When Broken Is Easily Fixed

When Broken Is Easily Fixed is the debut studio album by Canadian post-hardcore band Silverstein, released in 2003 under the label Victory Records.

Background and recording
Forming in early 2000, Silverstein released two EPs, Summer's Stellar Gaze (2000) and When the Shadows Beam (2002). The second EP caught the attention of Victory Records, who announced that they had signed the band on October 22, 2002.

When Broken Is Easily Fixed was recorded at Mount Fairview and Unity Gain between January and February 2003 with producer Justin Koop. Koop engineered and mixed the album; Koop was assisted by engineer Rob Turri at Mount Fairview. Rainer Tan provided violin, while Shane Told and Richard McWalter supplied additional guitar. Kyle Bishop gave additional vocals to the title track. The album was mastered by Alan Douches at West West Side.

Release
On April 3, 2003, When Broken Is Easily Fixed was announced for release in the following month. Alongside this, "Smashed Into Pieces" was posted online, followed by "Giving Up" on April 5, 2002. In April and May 2003, the band toured across the Midwest and southern US states, with Choke and Self Made Man. When Broken Is Easily Fixed was released on May 20, 2003 on Victory Records. Martin Wittfooth created the artwork. In July and August, the band toured across the US, with Freya; it included an appearance Warped Tour and Redemption Fest. The band went on a short tour in October with the Fulllbast, which was then followed by a handful of shows with Rise Against. Silverstein then went on a west coast and midwest US tour in November, with Bayside; Haste, Eleventeen, and Preacher Gone to Texas appeared on select dates. In January 2004, the band supported Spitalfield on their headlining US tour. In February 2004, the band went tour with the A.K.A.s. Following this, the band toured with Strike Anywhere and Fifth Hour Hero on their tour of the US, which ran into March 2004. In May and June 2004, the band went on tour with Alexisonfire, Emery, the Higher, and Hawthorne Heights. The album was reissued on September 14, 2004 with a DVD and two bonus tracks, "Friends in Fall River" and "Forever and a Day". In November 2004, the band supported Hot Water Music on their headlining North American tour.

The "Smashed into Pieces" music video featured the whole band dressed in black pants and white shirts with red ties. However, singer Shane Told is wearing the opposite - a red shirt with a white tie. The video begins by showing a completely white room, with the instruments set up around the room. The song begins playing as the band members walk in, in reverse, pick up their instruments, and start playing the song backwards. In the final minute of the song, oil splashes across the members of the band, but they keep on playing until the entire scene is covered in oil. However, not long later, the oil flies off and they go on to finish the song. When the song finishes playing, they walk out in reverse.

The "Giving Up" music video follows a depressed man who is remembering times spent with an ex-girlfriend. These scenes are entwined with shots of the band playing, which are mostly shot using fisheye lens.

"Smashed into Pieces" was re-recorded by the band in 2013 and released on May 20 to commemorate the ten-year anniversary of the album.

Reception
As of June 2007, the album has sold 179,000 copies.

Personnel
Personnel per booklet.

 * Silverstein
 * Shane Told – vocals, additional guitar
 * Paul Koehler – drums
 * Neil Boshart – lead guitar
 * Josh Bradford – rhythm guitar
 * Billy Hamilton – bass guitar

 * Additional personnel and production
 * Justin Koop – producer, engineer, mixing
 * Rob Turri – assistant engineer
 * Alan Douches – mastering
 * Rainer Tan – violin
 * Richard McWalter – additional guitar
 * Kyle Bishop – additional vocals on "When Broken Is Easily Fixed"
 * Martin Wittfooth – artwork
 * Eric Deleporte – design

title: When Broken Is Easily Fixed


text:
Talk:Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (1987 TV series)

Copyright of TMNT1987Series.jpg
Please delete the file http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:TMNT1987Series.jpg. It is a copyright infringement. See details and evidence on its discussion page.

Billy West
I just watched the first episode after years and could have sworn, Donatello was voiced by Billy West, which he apparently isn't. Any clues? KhlavKhalash (talk) 19:51, 11 January 2023 (UTC)

 * Only thing to say is that you were and always have been mistaken. Which has no effect on the article, so save this for a chat board. oknazevad (talk) 14:26, 12 January 2023 (UTC)

Character section is WAY too long
Seriously. So many minor characters that appeared once or twice. Irrelevant to the series. The section needs to be trimmed with a chainsaw. oknazevad (talk) 02:04, 4 July 2023 (UTC)


text: Talk:When Broken Is Easily Fixed

title: Talk:When Broken Is Easily Fixed


text:
Mutia

Mutia may refer to :

 * Mutia (gens), a rather obscure plebeian family in Ancient Rome

 * Places and jurisdictions
 * Mutia, Africa, an Ancient city and former bishopric in the Roman Byzacena province, now in Tunisia and a Latin Catholic titular see
 * Mutia, Zamboanga del Norte, a fifth class municipality in the province of Zamboanga del Norte on Mindanao island, Philippines

title: Mutia


text:
Emmett Brown

Emmett Lathrop Brown, Ph.D., commonly referred to as "Doc Brown" or "Doctor Emmet Brown", is a fictional scientist character in the Back to the Future franchise. In the world of the franchise, he is the inventor of the world's first and second time machines, the first (counting in order of his personal chronology) constructed using a 1981 DeLorean sports car, and the second constructed using a steam engine locomotive.

The character is portrayed by Christopher Lloyd in all three films, as well as in the live action sequences of the animated series. He is voiced by Dan Castellaneta in the animated series. The character's appearance and mannerisms are loosely inspired by Leopold Stokowski and Albert Einstein. He is of a benevolent mad scientist archetype, with his madness being visionary and eccentric enthusiasm rather than insanity or evil. He is the only character to appear in all Back to the Future media.

In 2008, Dr. Emmett Brown was selected by Empire magazine as one of The 100 Greatest Movie Characters of All Time, ranking at #20.

Fictional biography
He appears to possess great admiration for scientists from previous eras, naming successive pet dogs Copernicus and Einstein, and having portraits of Isaac Newton, Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Edison and Albert Einstein in his laboratory. His favorite author is Jules Verne and his family name was originally "von Braun" prior to World War I.

Emmett's family moved to Hill Valley from Germany in 1908. Although initially wealthy because of his inheritance, he spent his entire family fortune on his time travel project. When the Brown mansion was destroyed by fire in 1962 and the property sold to developers, Doc subsequently resided in the mansion's garage. Once broke, he established a privately owned business to offer 24-hour scientific services, building ingenious devices for his customers.

Emmett's work appears to be highly regarded, enough for him to win an award for his work. However, he is shown as absent-minded at times, and various statements by other characters inhabiting Hill Valley indicate that he is generally regarded as strange, eccentric, or insane due to him conducting dangerous experiments and crafting devices believed impossible to construct in reality. Being very loud and sprightly, he often speaks with wide-eyed expressions and broad gestures ("Great Scott!" being one of his well-known catchphrases) and tends to be overly verbose in his delivery, referring in one case to a school dance as a "rhythmic ceremonial ritual".

Doc and Marty met when the latter was 14, several years prior to the events of the first time travel experiment. Marty, out of curiosity, sneaked into Doc's lab after being warned by his parents to stay away from him. Happy to be revered as 'cool', Doc hired Marty as his part-time lab assistant.

In the original timeline, in contrast with Marty's shy and unassertive father, George McFly, Doc is a supportive and open-minded mentor for Marty. Doc's positive influence in turn allows Marty to mentor George in 1955, which appears to encourage George's later success as a novelist, and help him become a better husband and father. One line in particular, "If you put your mind to it, you can accomplish anything", originates from Doc. Marty repeats it to George in 1955, who repeats it back to Marty in the post time travel 1985.

Doc has been involved with illegal and criminal enterprises (albeit as a means to obtain items for his inventions he could not purchase legally) but he is naive and care-free about the consequences of his actions. He excitedly tells Marty how he cheated Libyan terrorists out of stolen plutonium: "They wanted me to build them a bomb, so I took their plutonium and, in turn, gave them a shoddy bomb casing full of used pinball machine parts!"

Despite being intelligent and logical for the most part, Doc is somewhat naive at times about the unknown possible uses of his time machine, initially actively explores the course of the world's future and tries to alter the past or future of the principal characters to improve their lives. However, events lead him to conclude that time travel is too dangerous for mankind. His conviction initially strengthened when he realizes that he has unwittingly altered history by preventing the death of Clara Clayton in 1885; he concludes that the time machine has "caused nothing but disaster" and asks Marty to destroy it once he returns to his own time. Nonetheless, Doc pursues a romantic relationship with Clara despite the risks of further disrupting the timeline.

After having been left behind in 1885 when Marty departs in the DeLorean for 1985, Doc starts a family with Clara; the couple have two sons, Jules and Verne. He eventually builds another time machine out of a steam locomotive, completed it in September 1893, and the Browns return to 1985 in order to pick up Einstein and meet with Marty again before setting out for another adventure.

Lloyd reprised the role of Doc Brown in the 2015 direct-to-video short film Doc Brown Saves the World, which reveals that he has returned to his time at some point after the events of Back to the Future Part III and erased the future witnessed in Back to the Future Part II as the various inventions of that time led to mass obesity and Griff Tannen triggering a nuclear holocaust using a restored DeLorean time machine.

Other Back to the Future appearances

 * Back to the Future: The Animated Series, a sequel to the film trilogy, features Dan Castellaneta as the voice of Doc Brown, with Christopher Lloyd appearing in live-action segments.
 * Lloyd filmed new material for Back to the Future the Ride, directed by Douglas Trumbull. The ride serves as a sequel to the films, following Doc Brown and his founding of the 'Institute of Future Technology'. He invites tourists to embark on a time-traveling adventure in his newly made eight-passenger DeLorean. The ride was included on the first film's 2009 DVD re-release and on the trilogy's 2010 Blu-ray set.
 * Doc Brown appeared in the Back to the Future comic series published by Harvey Comics, which detailed further adventures of the animated series.
 * Lloyd voiced Doc Brown in Back to the Future: The Game, developed by Telltale Games as a sequel to the film series.
 * Doc Brown appeared in the Back to the Future comic series published by IDW Publishing, which detailed Doc's and Marty's adventures before and after the events depicted in the films.
 * In February 2020, a stage musical adaptation of the first film premiered at the Manchester Opera House in the UK, starring Roger Bart in the role of Doc Brown. The production was forced to close early due to the shutting down of performance venues at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, but was revived for a West End run at the Adelphi Theatre from August 2021, with Bart reprising the Doc Brown role. In 2023, Cory English took over the role at the Adelphi Theatre. The show transferred to Broadway in June 2023, with Bart once again reprising his role as Doc Brown.
 * In 2023, Lloyd appeared as Doc Brown in Busted's 20th Anniversary & Greatest Hits Tour.

Name
The character's family name is similar to German rocket engineer Wernher von Braun until his family changed it to Brown during WW2.

Other appearances

 * Lloyd appeared as Doc Brown in the 1990 Warner Bros. program The Earth Day Special.
 * Lloyd voices an animated Doc Brown as a cameo in The Simpsons Ride, in a reference to the closure of the Back to the Future ride.
 * Lloyd voices Doc Brown in the Robot Chicken episodes "Casablankman 2" and "Eaten by Cats".
 * Doc Brown appeared in the Universal Studios show, Bill and Ted's Excellent Halloween Adventure giving Bill and Ted a ride back to the future due to Ted misplacing their own time machine.
 * Lloyd voices an animated egg Doc Brown in a 2011 episode of Element Animation's The Crack!, "The Epic Adventure", mistaking an egg named Jason for Marty and bringing him back in time, where they meet a younger Jason.
 * Lloyd made a cameo appearance as Doc Brown in the 2014 film A Million Ways to Die in the West, where Albert Stark sees him covertly working on the DeLorean in a barn.
 * Lloyd voiced Doc Brown in the 2015 video game Lego Dimensions, as well as playing the character in a live-action advertisement for the game.
 * Doc Brown and Marty appeared on Jimmy Kimmel Live! on the October 21, 2015 show, set on the day that the characters traveled to in Part II.
 * Lloyd played himself portraying Doc Brown in the 2016 Funny or Die satire film Donald Trump's The Art of the Deal: The Movie.
 * A Lego minifigure of Emmett Brown appears in The Lego Movie 2: The Second Part when Rex Dangervest conjures up various Time Machine parts to create his own, including the DeLorean.
 * Lloyd appeared as Doc Brown in the Discovery original, Expedition Unknown show, Expedition: Back to the Future released on March 15, 2021.
 * Doc Brown is set to appear alongside Marty in the upcoming video game, Funko Fusion, set to be released in 2024.

Influence
Rick Sanchez of the American animated series Rick and Morty (voiced by Justin Roiland) began as a parody of Doc Brown; in September 2021, Christopher Lloyd portrayed Sanchez himself in a series of promotional interstitials for the series' two-part fifth season finale, alongside Jaeden Martell as Morty Smith (also voiced by Roiland in the series), a character inspired by Marty McFly. Addressing Roiland's and his own portrayals of Rick compared to Doc Brown, Christopher Lloyd stated "that he felt like Doc and Rick were like two brothers that took different paths".

title: Emmett Brown


text:
Polanco

Polanco is a Spanish name shared by people and places in Mexico, Spain and other countries, including:

Places

 * Polanco, Mexico City, an upscale neighborhood of Mexico City
 * Polanco metro station, a station of the Mexico City Metro that serves the Polanco neighborhood
 * Polanco, Spain, a municipality in Spain
 * Polanco, Zamboanga del Norte, a municipality in the Philippines
 * Polanco Hill in Valparaiso, Chile, site of the Polanco Lift
 * San Gregorio de Polanco, a city in Uruguay
 * Polanco Palace, historic building in Valparaíso, Chile

People

 * Polanco (surname) Includes list of people with the name

title: Polanco


text:
User:Dschwen/Works in progress/Timelineoptimizer

A perl script to optimize bar positions in a Wikipedia timeline. The Script

 * reads all lines containing from,till pairs
 * estimates their text length and bar length
 * shifts text which passes the right margin back into the picture
 * shifts bar text for bars at the left edge of the picture as much left as possible, to make room on the right
 * recurses to find the combination of bars per line that uses the space best
 * is horrible perl :-)

 * 1) !/usr/bin/perl

$n=0;

$start=1900; $end=2005; $width=800; $spacing=10; $margin_right=50;

sub recurse_list {       my $i = shift ; my $m_end = shift ; my $len = shift ; my $growlist = shift ;

my $added=0; my $min_len=$width;

while($i<$n) {               if( (($x1[$sorted[$i]]-$m_end) > $spacing) && ($status[$i]==0) && (($x1[$sorted[$i]]-$m_end)<$min_len) ) {                       $min_len=$x1[$sorted[$i]]-$m_end; recurse_list($i,$x2[$sorted[$i]],$len+($x1[$sorted[$i]]-$m_end),$growlist.",$i"); $added++; }               $i++; }

if($added==0) {               if($len<$min_len) { $min_len=$len; } push(@liste,$growlist); push(@laengen,$len); } }

while() {       if(/^\s\s(from|at):/) {               s/\n//g; $line[$n]=$_;

if(/^ from:([0-9start]+)\s+till:([0-9end]+)\s+text:\"([^\"]+)\"/)                {                        $text_raw=$3;                        $from=$1; if($from eq "start") { $from=$start; }                        $till=$2; if($till eq "end")   { $till=$end; }                }                elsif(/^  at:([0-9startend]+)\s+text:\"([^\"]+)\"/) {                       $text_raw=$2; $from=$1; if($from eq "start") { $from=$start; } $till=$1; if($till eq "end")  { $till=$end; } }

$text_raw =~ s/\[\[([^\|]+)\|([^\]]+)\]\]/$2/g; $text_raw =~ s/\[\[//g; $text_raw =~ s/\]\]//g;

$text=""; foreach(split(/~/,$text_raw)) {                       s/~//; if(length($_)>length($text)) { $text=$_; } }

$len_text=length($text)*7; $len_box=(($till-$from)*$width)/($end-$start); if($len_box>$len_text) { $len=$len_box; $textover[$n]=0; } else { $len=$len_text; $textover[$n]=($len_text-$len_box); }

$x1[$n]=(($from-$start)*$width)/($end-$start); $x2[$n]=$x1[$n]+$len;

#randcheck $over=$x2[$n]-($width+$margin_right); if($over>0) {                       $x1[$n]-=$over; $x2[$n]-=$over; $shifted[$n]=(5-$over); }

$unsorted[$n]=$n;

$n++; } }

@sorted = sort {$x1[$a] <=> $x1[$b]} (@unsorted);

$i=0; while($i<$n) {       undef @liste; undef @laengen;

# Element noch nicht verarbeitet if($status[$i]==0) {               if($shifted[$sorted[$i]]==0) {                       if($textover[$sorted[$i]]>$x1[$sorted[$i]]) {                               $x2[$sorted[$i]]-=$x1[$sorted[$i]]; $shifted[$sorted[$i]]=-$x1[$sorted[$i]]; $x1[$sorted[$i]]=0; }                       else {                               $x1[$sorted[$i]]-=$textover[$sorted[$i]]; $x2[$sorted[$i]]-=$textover[$sorted[$i]]; $shifted[$sorted[$i]]=-$textover[$sorted[$i]]; }               }                $min_len=$width; recurse_list($i,$x2[$sorted[$i]],0,"$i");

# alle laengen durchsehen, kleinste nehmen und elemente aus liste in status markieren $j=0; $minj=0; for( $j=1 ;$j<=$#laengen; $j++) {                       if($laengen[$j]<$laengen[$minj]) { $minj=$j; } }

print "\n bar:wars$i\n\n";

foreach(split(/,/,$liste[$minj])) {                       $status[$_]=1; print $line[$sorted[$_]]; if($shifted[$sorted[$_]]) { print " shift:(".int($shifted[$sorted[$_]]).",1)"; } print "\n"; }

}

$i++; }


text:
Bill McCartney

William Paul McCartney (born August 22, 1940) is a former American football player and coach and the founder of the Promise Keepers men's ministry. He was the head coach at the University of Colorado Boulder for thirteen seasons (1982–1994), compiled a .620 record, and won three consecutive Big Eight Conference titles (1989–1991). McCartney's 1990 team was crowned as national champions by the Associated Press, splitting the title with Georgia Tech, first in the final Coaches' Poll.

McCartney was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame as a coach in 2013.

Early life and career
After receiving his Bachelor of Arts in education from the University of Missouri in 1962, where he was a member of the Pi Kappa Alpha fraternity, McCartney was named as an assistant football coach under his older brother, Tom, in the summer of 1965 at Holy Redeemer High School in Detroit, Michigan. The younger McCartney was also the head basketball coach at Redeemer from 1965 to 1969, taking the school to the Detroit City Championship during the 1968–69 season. McCartney then served as the head football and basketball coach at Divine Child High School in Dearborn before becoming the only high school coach ever hired by University of Michigan head coach Bo Schembechler.

Head coach at Colorado
After eight years as an assistant at Michigan, McCartney was hired to replace Chuck Fairbanks as head coach at the University of Colorado on June 9, 1982. In his first season, the Colorado Buffaloes compiled a record of 2–8–1. After improving to 4–7 in 1983, Colorado sustained a 1–10 campaign in 1984, but McCartney was given a contract extension nonetheless. In his fourth season in 1985, McCartney switched to the wishbone offense in the spring, then guided the Buffs to a 7–4 regular season and a berth in the Freedom Bowl, where they lost to Washington. In 1986, CU earned its first victory over Big Eight Conference powerhouse Nebraska since 1967. After modestly successful seasons in 1987 and 1988, McCartney steered his team toward national prominence.

After the 1988 season, the Buffaloes' star quarterback Sal Aunese was diagnosed with stomach cancer and died in the middle of the 1989 season. Nonetheless, Colorado won all eleven of its regular season games including victories over ranked Washington, Illinois, Nebraska, and Oklahoma. The top-ranked Buffaloes faced #4 Notre Dame in the Orange Bowl on New Year's, but lost 21–6.

Colorado opened the 1990 season ranked fourth with a game against Tennessee in the inaugural Disney Pigskin Classic in Anaheim, California, which ended in a 31–31 tie. A comeback win over Stanford and a one-point loss to Illinois leveled the Buffaloes' record at 1–1–1. Colorado then won the remainder of their regular season games. Their winning streak, highlighted by wins over ranked Washington, Oklahoma, and Nebraska, was not without controversy. In a game against Missouri on October 6, the officials mistakenly allowed an extra down on which Colorado scored the winning touchdown as time expired. The game, known as the Fifth Down Game, became one of the most notorious officiating gaffes in college football history. Contentions notwithstanding, Colorado rose to #1 in the rankings and again faced Notre Dame in the Orange Bowl. The Buffaloes won a closely played game 10–9, aided by a questionable and debated clipping call that negated a late punt return touchdown by Rocket Ismail of Notre Dame,  and earned a share of the national title. Colorado was first in the final AP Poll while Georgia Tech was first in the Coaches' Poll.

The following year, the Buffaloes tied Nebraska for the Big Eight title and lost to Alabama in the Blockbuster Bowl. In 1992, Colorado was 9–1–1 in the regular season, but lost to Syracuse in the Fiesta Bowl. In 1994, McCartney's final year, he coached the Buffaloes to a victory at Michigan, where McCartney had spent eight years as an assistant. Colorado won the game 27–26 on a 64-yard Hail Mary pass from Kordell Stewart to Michael Westbrook as time expired, which has since become known as The Miracle at Michigan. The Buffaloes posted an 11–1 record in 1994, capped by a win over Notre Dame in the Fiesta Bowl. At the end of the 1994 season, McCartney retired from coaching at the age of 54.

McCartney holds records for the most games coached (153), most wins (93), and most conference wins (58) in the history of the Colorado Buffaloes football program.

In 1995, there was widespread media speculation that McCartney might un-retire to serve as the head coach at Michigan following the resignation of Gary Moeller. McCartney, a former Wolverines assistant coach under Bo Schembechler, held a news conference to remove his name from consideration, stating that he wanted to devote his time to Promise Keepers.

In 2012, McCartney publicly criticized Colorado's firing of head coach Jon Embree as racially motivated.

Beyond coaching
In 1990, while he was head football coach at Colorado, McCartney founded a Christian men's group, Promise Keepers. He later resigned as the head of Promise Keepers and founded another organization, The Road to Jerusalem. In September 2008, McCartney rejoined Promise Keepers as CEO and chairman of the board. He serves on the board of directors of the Equip Foundation, Gospel to the Unreached Millions, and Concerts of Prayer International. McCartney was on the forefront to support Amendment 2 to the Colorado Constitution, which prevented the passage of anti-discrimination laws giving protected status to gays, lesbians, or bisexuals. His public appearance in the facilities of CU to support the Amendment caused an outcry among students of CU. The Amendment was found unconstitutional by the Supreme Court.

McCartney is the author of five books: From Ashes to Glory (1995), Sold Out (1997), Sold Out Two-Gether (1999), co-authored with his wife, Lyndi McCartney, Blind Spots: What You Don't See May Be Keeping Your Church From Greatness (2003), and Two Minute Warning: Why It's Time to Honor Jewish People Before the Clock Runs Out (2009) with Aaron Fruh.

Honors
McCartney won a number of national coaching awards in 1989, including the Eddie Robinson Coach of the Year award, the Walter Camp Coach of the Year Award and the Paul "Bear" Bryant Award. Three times, in 1985, 1989, and 1990, he was named the Big Eight Coach of the Year. McCartney was inducted into the Orange Bowl Hall of Fame in 1996 and the Colorado Sports Hall of Fame in 1999.

McCartney has been honored with a number of additional personal awards including: the Impact America Award from Point Loma College in 1995, the Spectrum Award from Sports Spectrum magazine in 1995, ABC News Person of the Week on February 16, 1996, Layperson of the Year from the National Association of Evangelicals in 1996, the Fire-Setters Award from Revival Fires Ministries in 1997, the Evangelist Philip Award from the National Association of United Methodist Evangelists in 1999, and the Humanitarian of the Year from the Syl Morgan Smith Colorado Gospel Music Academy in 1999.

Personal life
McCartney lived with his wife, Lyndi, in the Denver area. They had four children (three sons and one daughter) and ten grandchildren, one of whom (T. C. McCartney, a former LSU quarterback) was fathered by former player Sal Aunese. McCartney's son, Mike, is a football sports agent, who negotiated Kirk Cousins fully guaranteed three-year contract worth $84 million which was the first fully guaranteed and, as of signing, highest-paying contract in NFL history. Another grandson, Derek, was fathered by another former player Shannon Clavelle.

Just before the 1993 Fiesta Bowl, McCartney confessed to his wife that he had committed adultery 20 years ago. Lyndi later suffered from severe bulimia and contemplated suicide, which prompted McCartney to retire from coaching in 1994. Lyndi died of emphysema in 2013.

In 2016, McCartney's family announced he had been diagnosed with dementia and Alzheimer's disease.

Raised Catholic, McCartney later became a Protestant and attended Cornerstone Church in Boulder, Colorado.

title: Bill McCartney


text:
Salug (disambiguation)

Salug is a municipality in the province of Zamboanga del Norte, Philippines.

Salug may also refer to:
 * Salug River, a river in the Philippines
 * Salug language, one of the Subanen languages of the Philippines
 * Salug, Iran (disambiguation), several villages in Iran

title: Salug (disambiguation)


text:
David Lee (basketball)

David Lee (born April 29, 1983) is an American former professional basketball player. He played college basketball for the Florida Gators before he was drafted 30th overall by the New York Knicks in the 2005 NBA draft. He was a 2-time NBA All-Star and was selected to the All-NBA Third Team in 2013.

Lee was drafted 30th overall by the New York Knicks in the 2005 NBA draft. He spent five seasons with the Knicks and in the 2010 offseason, Lee was signed and traded to the Golden State Warriors. With the Warriors, he won an NBA championship in 2015 in his fifth and final season with the team.

After short stints with the Boston Celtics, Dallas Mavericks, and San Antonio Spurs and becoming a free agent in June 2017, Lee retired in November 2017.

Early life
Lee was born in St. Louis, Missouri. He went to middle school at John Burroughs School and high school at Chaminade College Preparatory School, both in St. Louis suburbs. Naturally left-handed, Lee became essentially ambidextrous when he broke his left arm and learned to play right-handed. Lee was a McDonald's All American and won the 2001 Slam Dunk competition. Lee was also named a first-team high school All-American by Parade magazine.

College career
Lee accepted an athletic scholarship to attend the University of Florida in Gainesville, Florida, where he played for coach Billy Donovan's Florida Gators basketball team from 2001 to 2005. As a freshman in 2002, he was named to the All-Southeastern Conference (SEC) freshman team by the conference's coaches. During his sophomore season in 2002–03, he averaged 11.5 points and 7 rebounds a game. Lee was named a second-team All-SEC selection in his junior in 2003–04, while averaging 13 points and 7 rebounds per game.

Lee's senior year, he was joined by incoming freshmen and future NBA players Al Horford, Corey Brewer, Taurean Green, and Joakim Noah. The Gators went on to win the 2005 SEC men's basketball tournament—the Gators' first SEC men's basketball tournament championship—by defeating the Kentucky Wildcats 70–53 in the tournament final.

New York Knicks (2005–2010)
Lee was selected by the Knicks with the team's second first-round pick (30th overall) in the 2005 NBA draft, following Channing Frye. Lee signed with the team on July 1, 2005.

Lee was installed as a starting forward for a stretch of 13 games in December 2005 and January 2006. Lee posted 23 points on 10–11 shooting, along with 15 rebounds and three steals in 52 minutes as the Knicks went on to defeat the Phoenix Suns in triple-overtime on January 2, 2006. Lee averaged 5.1 points (59.6%) and 4.5 rebounds per game in his rookie season while averaging 16.9 minutes of playing time in 67 games.

After Channing Frye was injured, Lee started his first game of the season against the Chicago Bulls on November 28, 2006. On December 16, 2006, he was one of 10 players ejected in the Knicks–Nuggets brawl. However, he was not involved in the brawl and was not suspended by the NBA. On December 20, 2006, in a double-overtime game against the Charlotte Bobcats with 0.1 seconds left, Lee scored the winning basket by tipping in an inbound pass. This was within the league's so-called Trent Tucker Rule, whereby a player cannot catch and shoot a successful field goal with less than three-tenths of a second remaining on the clock. At the All-Star break, Lee had averaged 11.1 points on 61% shooting (first in the league), an 80% free throw percentage, 10.8 rebounds (8th in NBA) and 1.8 assists in 30.9 minutes a game. On February 16, 2007, Lee, playing for the Sophomores, was named the Most Valuable Player in the Rookie Challenge, finishing with 30 points on 14 of 14 shooting from the field and 11 rebounds. On February 23, 2007, in a game against the Milwaukee Bucks, Lee came down on future teammate Andrew Bogut's foot and sprained his ankle. The original diagnosis was for him to only miss a few days, but nearly three weeks after the injury he was still unable to play. He was reexamined and the doctor found that he had a much more severe sprain than was originally diagnosed. Lee played only sporadic minutes for the remaining games of the season.

In the 2007–08 season, Lee continued to develop into a major contributor off the bench for the Knicks.

On November 30, 2008, Lee scored 37 points, a career high, and became the first Knicks player with 30 points and 20 rebounds in a game since Patrick Ewing had 34 points and 25 rebounds on February 23, 1997.

On December 9, 2008, in a game against the Chicago Bulls, Lee became the eleventh Knick to record 10 consecutive double-doubles.

On February 11, 2010, Lee was chosen to replace an injured Allen Iverson on the East team at the 2010 NBA All-Star Game. He became the first Knick to make the All-Star team since Allan Houston and Latrell Sprewell appeared in the 2001 NBA All-Star Game. On April 2, Lee recorded the first triple-double of his career, putting up 37 points, 20 rebounds, and 10 assists against the Golden State Warriors. He became the first player since Kareem Abdul-Jabbar in 1976 to record at least 35 points, 20 rebounds and 10 assists in a game. At the end of the season, Lee became an unrestricted free agent. He had recorded career highs in points per game, as well as assists per game.

Golden State Warriors (2010–2015)
Lee became an unrestricted free agent in the 2010 off-season. On July 9, he was signed and traded to the Golden State Warriors, who sent Anthony Randolph, Kelenna Azubuike, Ronny Turiaf, and a future second-round pick to the Knicks. Lee's contract under the deal paid him about $80 million over 6 years.

In the 2010–11 season, Lee appeared in 73 games (all starts), averaging 16.5 points, 9.8 rebounds, 3.2 assists and 1.01 steals in 36.1 minutes per contest.

On February 7, 2012, Lee recorded his second triple-double, scoring 25 points and getting 11 rebounds, and 10 assists in a loss against the Oklahoma City Thunder. Over the course of the 2011–12 season, he averaged over 20 points per game, the second such season in his NBA career. On January 24, 2013, Lee was named to the 2013 NBA All-Star Game as a reserve representing the Western Conference. He was the Warriors' first All-Star since Latrell Sprewell in 1997. Lee recorded a career-high 22 rebounds against the Spurs, and recorded his third-ever triple-double against the Charlotte Bobcats with 23 points, 11 rebounds, and 11 assists. Lee finished the season with averages of 18.5 points and 11.2 rebounds per game, and led the league in double-doubles with 56. Also, he was named to the All-NBA Third Team.

Lee injured his hip during the fourth quarter of his first playoff game. An MRI later revealed a "complete tear of his right hip flexor". Lee finished the game with 10 points and 14 rebounds. Despite the injury, which was expected to end his season, Lee returned for the sixth and final game of the series as the Warriors upset the Nuggets. However, the Warriors were defeated by the San Antonio Spurs in six games in the next round.

On February 2, 2014, Lee ended his double-digit scoring streak at 123 games with 8 points in a 91–75 loss to the Charlotte Bobcats.

Lee suffered a strained left hamstring in the final game of the 2014 preseason, sidelining him for 24 of the first 25 games of the season. Lee was replaced in the Warriors' starting lineup by Draymond Green, who continued to start even after Lee recovered. The highest-paid player on the Warriors roster at $15 million, Lee became a reserve for the first time since early in his career. On January 27, 2015, he scored a season-high 24 points in a 113–111 overtime loss to the Chicago Bulls. Lee won his first NBA championship with the Warriors when they defeated the Cleveland Cavaliers in the 2015 NBA Finals in six games.

Boston Celtics (2015–2016)
On July 27, 2015, Lee was traded to the Boston Celtics in exchange for Gerald Wallace and Chris Babb, as Golden State was seeking to offload his salary given his limited role on the team. He made his debut for the Celtics in the team's season-opener against the Philadelphia 76ers on October 28, recording 8 points and 5 rebounds as a starter in a 112–95 win. Having entered the season out of shape, Lee started just three games for the team before moving to the bench and eventually out of the rotation entirely. On February 19, 2016, he was waived by the Celtics.

Dallas Mavericks (2016)
On February 22, 2016, Lee signed with the Dallas Mavericks. He made his debut for the Mavericks two days later, recording four points and four rebounds off the bench in a loss to the Oklahoma City Thunder. In his second game for the Mavericks on February 26, he recorded 14 points and 14 rebounds in 25 minutes off the bench in a 122–116 overtime win over the Denver Nuggets. On March 25, Lee returned to Oracle Arena for the first time since being traded from the Warriors and got a standing ovation during a pre-game ceremony in which he received his 2015 championship ring. Lee missed the Mavericks' first two playoff games against the Oklahoma City Thunder due to a right foot injury.

San Antonio Spurs (2016–2017)
On August 2, 2016, Lee signed with the San Antonio Spurs. He made his debut for the Spurs in their season opener on October 25, 2016, recording six points, six rebounds, and two assists in 11 minutes off the bench in a 129–100 win over his former team, the Golden State Warriors. On January 19, 2017, he grabbed a season-high 16 rebounds to go with 10 points in a 118–104 win over the Denver Nuggets. On March 1, 2017, he scored a season-high 18 points in a 100–99 win over the Indiana Pacers. A week later, on March 8, he tied his season high with another 18-point effort in a 114–104 win over the Sacramento Kings. On June 29, 2017, Lee was reported to have declined his player option, entering the free-agent market.

On November 19, 2017, Lee announced his retirement.

Television appearances
In 2007 Lee appeared on the game show Family Feud, in an NBA Players vs Mothers week, to raise money for charity. On April 26, 2009, he appeared on NBC's Celebrity Apprentice. Lee made a cameo in an episode of the now-canceled series Lipstick Jungle, playing himself. He also made a cameo appearance in the 2009 movie When in Rome. He also appeared in a segment of the 2009 version of TV series The Electric Company.

Personal life
Lee is a Christian. In 2009, Lee, along with several other NBA players, joined the Hoops for St. Jude charity program benefiting the St. Jude Children's Research Hospital.

Lee married Danish tennis player Caroline Wozniacki in June 2019. In June 2021, Lee and Wozniacki announced the birth of their daughter Olivia Wozniacki-Lee. Their son James was born in October 2022.

title: David Lee (basketball)