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Brendon McCullum

Brendon Barrie McCullum (born 27 September 1981) is a former New Zealand cricketer and the current head coach of the England cricket team in Test cricket. Representing New Zealand he captained the team in all formats. McCullum was renowned for his quick scoring, notably setting a record for the fastest Test century. He is considered one of New Zealand's most successful batsmen and captains and led the side to the finals of the 2015 Cricket World Cup and 2009 ICC Champions Trophy.

McCullum is the former leading run scorer in Twenty20 International (T20I) cricket and was the first player to score 2000 runs in T20Is. His innings of 123 against Bangladesh in the 2012 ICC World Twenty20 was the highest score made by a New Zealand cricketer in the format and he was the first New Zealander to score a triple hundred in a Test match, 302 runs against India in February 2014. In 2014, he also became the first New Zealander to score 1,000 Test runs in a calendar year and in his final Test match in February 2016 he scored the fastest Test century, reaching his hundred in 54 balls. McCullum was the first batsman to score two T20I centuries.

On 22 December 2015, McCullum announced he would retire from international cricket at the end of the southern summer, joining his brother who had earlier that year announced his retirement from all forms of cricket. He retired from international duty on 24 February 2016 and from all forms of cricket in August 2019.

Domestic career
On 3 March 2008, before facing England for the test series, McCullum was involved in the State Shield Final versus the Auckland Aces, scoring 170 runs for the Otago Volts to help beat the Aces at Eden Park's outer oval, and helped to chase down a daunting total of 7 for 310, he broke multiple State Shield batting records. He scored the fastest LA hundred off 52 balls, including 14 fours and 5 sixes. With 170 runs in the match, McCullum scored the highest score by any player in a domestic one-day match (Shell or State competitions) overtaking Blair Hartland's previous record.

McCullum played for Glamorgan in 2006 and he scored 160 opening the batting against Leicestershire in the County Championship. On 24 January 2009, he lined up for New South Wales in the final of Australia's KFC Twenty20 Big Bash. This was an exercise to allow him to be eligible to play for them in the Twenty20 Champions League. This sparked criticism however despite opinion States are permitted to have one overseas player in their squad. McCullum also donated his match fee from the game to Otago Junior Cricket.

On 16 January 2010 during the 2009-10 HRV Cup, vs Auckland Aces at University Oval, McCullum hit 108 not out off 67 deliveries, which included 10 fours and four sixes to lead Otago Volts to victory with three balls to spare. McCullum reached his 50 off 32 deliveries and his century off 65 deliveries.

While playing for Warwickshire in the 2015 T20 Blast McCullum hit what was at the time the highest score in England's domestic T20 cup, 158* from just 64 balls. The innings remains the highest T20 score by a batsman at Edgbaston. Following his announcement to retire from international cricket in 2015, he signed with Middlesex for the 2016 NatWest T20 Blast, a blow for Warwickshire who had hoped he would return to them

In September 2016 he signed with the Lahore Qalandars for the 2017 season of the Pakistan Super League and will be the team's captain.

In the inaugural Indian Premier League tournament in 2008 he played for Kolkata Knight Riders. On 18 April 2008 in the first-ever IPL match, he achieved the highest Twenty20 individual score in an innings, 158* against RCB. This eclipsed the previous record mark of 141, held by Australian Cameron White. Coincidentally, McCullum faced an over from White during the match and scored 24 from it; it was White's only over in that match. This record was eventually broken by Chris Gayle when he piled on 175 runs in IPL 2013. In the same match he also claimed the record for most sixes (13) in a Twenty20 innings, which was later surpassed by Englishman Graham Napier (16).

He was bought by Kochi Tuskers Kerala in the 2011 IPL auctions. He returned to the Knight Riders in 2012. In the 2014 IPL auctions, McCullum was bought by Chennai Super Kings. He was given the role of opening the innings along with West Indian Dwayne Smith and the pair was considered the most dangerous opening pair in the league's history. In 2018 he was released by CSK and bought by Royal Challengers Bangalore in 2018.

During the RCB's season opener against Kolkata Knight Riders during the 2018 IPL season, he reached 9000 runs in all forms of T20 cricket and became only the second player after Chris Gayle to achieve the milestone.

International career
In 2004, McCullum played in a Test series against England and scored 96 runs at Lord's. His maiden Test century came several months later when he scored 143 against Bangladesh. He fell just short of his second Test hundred in a game against Sri Lanka when dismissed one short of his hundred. His second century would later come with a run a ball 111 against Zimbabwe.

He was selected in the 20-man ICC World XI squad for the ICC Super Series in July 2005. On 20 February 2007, he scored 86 not out as New Zealand went on to be the first team to whitewash Australia in a three-match ODI series since 1997. During the innings he partnered with Craig McMillan to score 165, equalling the world record for a 6th wicket partnership.

On 31 December 2007, he scored 50 from just 19 balls against Bangladesh. He finished his innings with 80 runs from only 28 balls, including 9 fours and 6 sixes with a strike rate of 285.71.

Record breaking
On 1 July 2008, McCullum scored his maiden ODI century, a 135-ball 166, against Ireland in the Associates Tri-Series in Scotland. His century, along with James Marshall's 161, (his maiden ODI century in his last appearance, in which he shared in a 266 opening stand with McCullum which is the highest ODI partnership for any wicket in Black Caps history and the second highest opening partnership in all ODIs.) and Ross Taylor's 59, elevated New Zealand to 402, the highest and their only 400+ score for their team until date, and they won by 290 runs, setting a world record for the biggest margin of victory by runs, a record that stood until 2023.

On 5 April 2009, on day three of the third Test match during India's tour of New Zealand, he displayed an amazing level of alertness in the dismissal of Rahul Dravid. Dravid attempted a sweep shot off Daniel Vettori's bowling, but McCullum saw what Dravid was up to before the ball had even pitched and moved swiftly to his left (Dravid's leg side). Ross Taylor at first slip did the same. The ball came nicely off Dravid's bat, but flew straight into the hands of a waiting Brendon McCullum. A couple of balls earlier, McCullum tried the same thing, but he had been a little slow and Dravid's sweep was kept low. Although there has been some discussion regarding the legality of McCullum's movement before the ball had even pitched, the laws of cricket indicate he was well within his right to do so.

On 6 November 2009, against Pakistan at Abu Dhabi, McCullum scored his second ODI century of 131 to elevate New Zealand to 303 and win the match to level the series. On 16 February 2010, during the only Test match against Bangladesh, he scored 185, which is the highest score ever by a New Zealand wicket-keeper in Test cricket. He was also involved in the record highest sixth-wicket partnership for New Zealand of 339 runs with Martin Guptill, missing out on the world record by just 12 runs.

On 27 February 2010, McCullum became the second player to score a T20I hundred, finishing 116 not out, one run short of Chris Gayle's record of 117. On 4 May 2010 McCullum became the first player to score 1,000 T20 international runs. He achieved this feat playing against Zimbabwe in the 2010 ICC World Twenty20 at Guyana.

On 28 June 2010, McCullum announced that he would not keep wicket for New Zealand in Test matches. He, however, informed that he will still keep in 50-overs & T20 over games. He did a fine job in his first innings since handing over the wicketkeeping duties he scored 65 runs and was engaged in a 104 run partnership with Ross Taylor he was promoted to the position of opener in tests rather than his usual number 5 position. McCullum did however have experience of opening the innings because he opens for New Zealand in limited-overs cricket.

On 21 September 2012 at the 2012 ICC World Twenty20 tournament in Sri Lanka, McCullum scored 123 runs against Bangladesh at Pallekele, setting a new record for the highest Twenty20 International innings, and becoming the first player to score two Twenty20 International centuries. This record was broken by Aaron Finch against England, when he scored 156. However, McCullum is one of the two players to have scored two Twenty20 International centuries along with West Indian Chris Gayle.

He was awarded the T20 Player of the Year by NZC for the 2012–13 season.

Captaincy
In 2014 at the Basin Reserve in Wellington, McCullum scored 302 runs in the third innings of the second test against India, becoming the first New Zealand batsman to score a triple-century. He shared a 352 run partnership with BJ Watling, then a record sixth wicket stand, rescuing New Zealand from a likely innings defeat. McCullum closed the innings at 680/8d, both the highest ever innings by New Zealand, and the highest ever third innings in Test cricket history.

On 21 November 2014, McCullum took his first-ever wicket at test level, a caught-and-bowled of Pakistan's Sarfraz Ahmed during their second test. On 29 November 2014, McCullum scored a century on day 2 of the third test against the same opposition, in which both teams decided to call off play on the day before as a tribute to Phillip Hughes, and hand-written P.H. under each player's squad number as a further mark of respect. He was bowled out on 202 after hitting eleven sixes in his innings, by far a record for New Zealand opening batsman. Two years after his debut as NZ captain, in which the team was bowled out for a paltry 45, Black Caps returned to respectability.

On 13 December 2014, McCullum was named New Zealander of the Year by the New Zealand Herald beating out stiff competition from Lane Pilkington due to his continued co-operation with ICC over the match-fixing scandal which resulted in Chris Cairns being charged for lying to court, and also for changing the perception of the Black Caps as easy-beats.

On the first day of the Boxing Day Test at Hagley Oval, McCullum scored 195 in the first innings against Sri Lanka, which gave him 1000 test runs in a calendar year, becoming the first New Zealander to reach this milestone (1164 at the end of the match, with Kane Williamson at 929), and the fastest test century (in 74 balls), beating his own record against Pakistan in Sharjah. He fell 5 runs shy of his 4th 200+ scores in a calendar year. His 33 sixes in test cricket in a single calendar year is also a world record. It is also worth noting that New Zealand only played 9 test matches in 2014. He also helped to push New Zealand to score 429/7 on day one, the most runs New Zealand had ever scored in a single day of play in test cricket. It ended with an 8-wicket win, which made it 5 test wins out of 9 in 2014, the most wins in a calendar year. He also closed the year with a triple century and two double centuries, the third person to do so after Donald Bradman and Michael Clarke.

On 3 January 2015 McCullum returned to Basin Reserve, where he scored his triple century against India. While he got a 2-ball duck on a green pitch and three errors as a fielder, he was given a key to Wellington, a symbolic equivalent of "Honorary Citizen", in recognition of his heroics the previous year, becoming the third person to receive the honour after Wellington-born Sir Peter Jackson and Sir Richard Taylor, who were recognised by the city for their work on the Lord of the Rings movies.

For his performances in the 2014–15 season, he won the Sir Richard Hadlee Medal.

Late career
McCullum also led New Zealand in the 2015 Cricket World Cup, which was co-hosted by New Zealand and Australia. On 20 February 2015, in New Zealand's third Pool A match against England, McCullum scored 77 runs off 25 balls, recording the fastest 50 in World Cup history (51 runs off 18 balls) and the 4th fastest fifty of all time. McCullum led the New Zealand team to their first World Cup final, scoring timely innings in the pool match against Australia and South Africa in the semi-final. The semi-final victory was New Zealand's first after six semi-final losses in the past. In the final against Australia, McCullum was bowled for a duck in just the first over of the match by Mitchell Starc, as New Zealand went on to lose to Australia by 7 wickets. Over the course of the tournament, McCullum was particularly aggressive in both batting as well as his captaincy, contributing to New Zealand reaching the finals. His aggressive starts against the strike bowlers of the opposition team such as James Anderson, Mitchell Johnson, and Dale Steyn favoured the rest of the players to play their natural game.

On 21 May 2015, McCullum started in his 93rd consecutive test, and batted in his preferred spot at no. 5. On 13 December 2015, on McCullum's 98th consecutive test start, he scored his 100th six hit in test cricket, tying the record by Adam Gilchrist. On 12 February 2016, McCullum started his 100th consecutive test, but was dismissed in both innings by Mitchell Marsh, making Marsh the second person since Jason Gillespie to dismiss him on both innings of 2 test matches.

On 22 December 2015, McCullum announced his intention to retire from international cricket at the end of the southern summer in his home test against Australia, rather than after the 2016 ICC World Twenty20. He played his last ODI match against Australia on 8 February 2016 in which he scored 47 off 27 and New Zealand beat Australia by 55 runs thereby winning the Chappell-Hadlee Trophy 2–1.

On 20 February 2016, in his final test in his adopted home of Christchurch, McCullum became the only member left from the last Trans-Tasman Test in Christchurch in the pre-earthquake AMI Stadium. The third day of the test was the 5th anniversary of the 2011 Christchurch earthquake. He hit his 102nd career six to surpass Adam Gilchrist as the most prolific six-hitter in test cricket. He went on to score a century off 54 balls, beating the joint record by West Indian Viv Richard and Pakistani Misbah-ul-Haq's record for the fastest test century by 2 balls. He also became the second player since Jason Gillespie to score a hundred or more in his final test. McCullum also recorded the highest (170) runs scorer by the captain in farewell test and 1st captain to score a ton in farewell test. He also took four catches as a fielder at first slip, deputising for the injured Ross Taylor.

On 22 February 2016, McCullum played his last innings in a Test Match against Australia. He scored 25 off 27, when he was dismissed by Josh Hazlewood one ball after hitting him for a 6. McCullum was given a guard of honour upon entry onto the field, and was given a standing ovation once dismissed. Brendon McCullum on his retirement said that the time was right to quit international cricket and said that he hopefully left and brought some fun and enjoyment and some real culture back into the set-up in the time that he had as captain.

In September 2018, he was named as the Icon Player for Kandahar's squad in the first edition of the Afghanistan Premier League tournament.

In July 2019, he was selected to play for the Glasgow Giants in the inaugural edition of the Euro T20 Slam cricket tournament. However, in August 2019 he retired from all forms of cricket.

Playing style
McCullum originally played in the side as a wicketkeeper-batsman. His glove work improved during his tenure as the New Zealand wicketkeeper. His batting is good enough to earn him selection for the Black Caps alone, shown by the occasions on which he has been unable to keep but has still been selected as a batsman. He opens the batting for New Zealand in ODIs with steadily improving success. He is an aggressive batsman who is particularly strong over extra cover, often lofting the ball into the stands, and also square-cutting, or square-driving the ball. He is also adept at using the scoop shot, even using it at tests, so much so that McScoop was named after him. In 2010 McCullum hung up the gloves In Test cricket due to continued body strain and became a specialist batsmen in Test cricket, opening the innings in his first match as a specialist batsmen against India in Ahmedabad. He was described as a player "especially suited to Twenty20 cricket" when he signed for a five-week stint at Glamorgan in June 2006. The stint included the entire domestic 2006 Twenty20 Cup. He was signed up by the Kolkata Knight Riders of the IPL for $700,000. His contract with the IPL was for three years. In 2016, he was signed by the replacement/expansion team Gujarat Lions for US$1.1 million, making him the highest paid overseas player in the team's foundation squad.

He has the ability to play the Dilscoop (which was invented by Sri Lankan Tillakaratne Dilshan) or precisely the ramp shot, which involves the batsman squatting down and scooping deliveries back over the wicketkeeper's area. The two shots have their own distinction, where Dilscoop is played right above the wicket-keeper's head, but ramp shot can be played in sideways of the wicket-keeper as well. Playing this ramp shot in a Twenty20 International match on 28 February 2010 in Lancaster Park, against Australia, he managed to hit Shaun Tait for two sixes in an over back over Brad Haddin's head, forcing Australia to set a back stop (the fielder near the boundary behind the wicketkeeper or first slip) in his final test match. He can also execute reverse sweep well. He also likes to cut, cover drive, or advance the wicket to punch the ball up for boundaries from a batting stance standing on or outside leg stump.

During the Twenty20 World Championship in 2009, the wicketkeeping duties was given to Peter McGlashan. He was seen practicing his medium bowling. McCullum had to decide whether to play for New South Wales, KKR, or Otago in the 1st edition of the Champions League Twenty20. Since KKR did not qualify, he had only to consider playing for either New South Wales or Otago; eventually he had decided to play for Otago alongside brother Nathan McCullum.

In 2012, BJ Watling became McCullum's replacement as wicketkeeper in Tests, but due to Luke Ronchi's struggles in ODIs, McCullum still remained as wicketkeeper in ODIs and T20s. But by late 2013, McCullum's recurring back problems meant he can no longer perform wicketkeeping duties effectively, he gave up his gloves to Ronchi in ODIs and T20s, and McCullum became a middle order batsman, or as a cover for opening the batting in tests, having batted at 1,2,5–7 in his career, while his fielding position becomes predominantly mid-off, mid-on or mid-wicket, and in his final international matches, he ended at first slip after the injury to Ross Taylor. He is also a very seldom-used part-time medium pace bowler in tests. He got his first wicket in all forms of international cricket from a caught-and-bowled against Sarfraz Ahmed of Pakistan which ended their first innings in 2014. McCullum was picked for 2015 ICC Cricket World Cup as an opening batsman due to inconsistencies from Martin Guptill and Tom Latham and the emergence of Grant Elliott as a solid option at number five batsman. His role as a pinch hitter saw the team reach their first-ever World Cup final. After the World Cup, he returned to his preferred spot at number five for tests. He still occasionally keeps wickets for domestic T20s until 2015.

International recognition
In the 2015 Queen's Birthday Honours McCullum was appointed an Officer of the New Zealand Order of Merit for services to cricket. He won the New Zealand Sportsman Of The Year award in 2014, and then the Sport New Zealand Leadership Award in 2016.

In June 2016, just a few months after his retirement from international cricket, McCullum was honoured with an invitation to deliver the prestigious MCC Spirit of Cricket Cowdrey Lecture. He became only the second New Zealand player ever to have been invited to deliver the Cowdrey lecture, the only other New Zealander being the late Martin Crowe.

Coaching career
He was appointed as head coach for both Trinbago Knight Riders and Kolkata Knight Riders in August 2019. Under his leadership, Trinbago Knight Riders won their 4th CPL title in 2020.

England
On 12 May 2022, he was appointed as a head coach of Test format for the England cricket team. His first assignment was a 3-Test home series against his home country New Zealand, which got off to a great start as England won the game at Lord's by 5 wickets. He then continued to coach the team to a second 5 wicket win at batting-friendly ground Trent Bridge. Joe Root's 176 in the first innings was characterized by McCullum's coaching, as well as the bowling in the second innings, with McCullum advising positions to Ben Stokes, England's captain. The series clean sweep was completed with a victory by 7 wickets in the 3rd Test at Headingley.

This was followed by a win against India at Edgbaston, where England chased down a national record 378 for the loss of only three wickets. The new attacking, positive intention approach, instigated by McCullum and captain Ben Stokes was labelled Bazball by Andrew Miller, the UK editor of ESPNcricinfo, after McCullum's Baz nickname. The phrase picked up increasing use across the wider media.

The South Africa cricket team toured England from July to September 2022 to play three Test matches, three One Day International (ODI) and three Twenty20 International (T20I) matches. England won the series win 2–1.

In winter 2022 during England's tour of Pakistan, he coached England to the first ever whitewash of Pakistan in a home series.

Controversies
During the first Test match in Zimbabwe in 2005, McCullum controversially ran out tailender Chris Mpofu in Zimbabwe's second innings with Mpofu leaving his batting crease to congratulate Blessing Mahwire who had just reached his half-century.

During the first test between New Zealand and Sri Lanka at Christchurch in 2006, McCullum was once again involved in a controversial run out, this time dismissing Muttiah Muralitharan who, after completing a run, left his crease to congratulate Kumar Sangakkara who had just reached his century. McCullum was hesitant to respond to criticism and defended his actions, but in 2016 apologised for the incident when he delivered the MCC Spirit of Cricket lecture. He was reported as saying "If I could turn back time, I would. We were within the laws of the game but not the spirit and there is a very important difference which is glaringly obvious to me years later."

During the 2009 ICC Champions Trophy, he was again involved in a controversial run out, this time dismissing England's Paul Collingwood after he had left the batting crease at the conclusion of an over. Collingwood had faced a short ball and McCullum collected the ball and threw the ball to remove the bails. The match referee for the match Roshan Mahanama confirmed that the ball had hit the stumps before umpire Daryl Harper called "over", but New Zealand's captain, Daniel Vettori, withdrew the appeal and Collingwood was recalled to continue his innings. In July 2023, during the second Ashes Test at Lord's, McCullum, who was England's head coach, was critical of Australia's wicket-keeper Alex Carey for running out Jonny Bairstow in similar circumstances.

Beyond cricket
McCullum has since been involved in setting up CricHQ with the company's CEO Simon Baker and former New Zealand cricketer Stephen Fleming. The cricket competition management software and live scoring platform manages the administration of cricket test countries New Zealand, Sri Lanka, South Africa and Zimbabwe with 49 of 105 national governing bodies also use its services from club level upwards. 20 other high-profile cricketing names have invested in the company. In June 2015 it raised US$10m from Singapore private equity firm Tembusu Partners to expand globally.

In May 2018, he briefly returned to rugby for a month, a game he hasn't played since starting over Dan Carter in high school before retiring, citing diminishing knowledge of the game, and rugby fitness.

McCullum became the brand ambassador for a gambling website in 2023. The Problem Gambling Foundation made a formal complaint about a YouTube advertisement he appeared in promoting the website, saying it would be illegal if it was shown on a New Zealand content provider.

title: Brendon McCullum


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Talk:Warren E. Burger

Burger's less positive side
Should there be any mention in the article of the very critical picture of Burger provided in The Brethren by Bob Woodward and Scott Armstrong in 1979? The book was a best-seller, and its depiction of Burger as a domineering, power-hungry Chief with little to no control of the court's consensus surely influenced many Americans' ideas about his work (and, if at all accurate, gives an impression of how his Court functioned in reaction to him). I don't want to post some hatchet job on Burger, but I think the article as it stands is a little too obsequious (just a little) -- for example, it notes his staunch support for checks and balances in his ruling against Nixon, while Woodward and Armstrong's information depicts Burger as very deferential to the powers of the executive branch, their book claiming that Burger would have much preferred a narrow ruling that preserved executive privilege in many scenarios but that he was pulled to the position of the other justices at the last minute to emphasize the Court's unanimous rebuke of Nixon's claim. Any thoughts on whether or not some carefully attributed remarks would be appropriate? If so, does someone have an equally well-known (or else well-respected) source that might defend against W&A's picture of Burger, in order to help assert NPOV? Jwrosenzweig 23:22, 21 July 2005 (UTC)
 * I'm going to reiterate this claim once more...if no one responds in the next few weeks, I think I'll try and even things out. I'm worried I'll be too hard on him, but the article as it stands is entirely too glowing and admiring of a man who (to my knowledge) was not a very capable judge. Jwrosenzweig 01:55, 12 February 2006 (UTC)
 * I read The Brethren, and it sounds like he was worthless.Cameron Nedland 23:08, 19 December 2006 (UTC)

The Brethren does not cite most of its sources (which were largely anonymous), even if it is generally regarded as credible. However, some of William Brennan's then-confidential memos are now being published, and they appear to confirm at least some elements of that book's portrayal of Burger. Among other things, the memos claim that the Nixon tapes decision was largely written by Potter Stewart, and that Burger only agreed to replace large parts of his opinion with Stewart's after it became clear that no other justice was going to join him. http://www.slate.com/id/2156940/entry/2156942/

Jschonholtz 20:55, 10 January 2007 (UTC)

 * Okay, I generally agree with this line of thinking. I don't want the article just to be goody-two-shoes.  I don't want the article just to be a puff piece.  And I see we have included some of The Brethren material in our article.  Maybe we could also include one sentence on the limitations of this book.  And I'm not sure we have yet worked in the Brennan memos.

 * Now, the conventional wisdom is that the Burger Court was the counter-revolution which wasn't. But that may not always be the case.  For example, I've read that the Burger Court watered down Baker v. Carr (this was the 1962 decision that state legislative districts needed to be the same population).  FriendlyRiverOtter (talk) 15:30, 9 August 2012 (UTC)
 * The tweaks to the equal-population requirement established in Baker, while significant in the context of redistricting litigation, would actually have a pretty minor place in any analysis of Burger's or the Burger Court's jurisprudence. There was a little bit more leeway given to legislatures to deviate from precise mathematical equality (especially in the context of state legislatures as opposed to Congressional seats), but the basic requirement that districts have at least approximately the same number of residents (rather than simply being based on historical or geographical factors such as county lines) was repeatedly reaffirmed under Burger and is still in effect today. Newyorkbrad (talk) 15:38, 9 August 2012 (UTC)

 * I read that the Burger Court changed Baker v. Carr and allowed state legislative districts to be 20% up or down, which may not sound like much, but . . ..
 * There was a human element in which one of the justices or former justices, maybe Earl Warren himself (although that doesn't sound quite right because he didn't live that much longer after retiring) or maybe Bill Brennan, was really disappointed with this aspect of the Burger Court.
 * And Reynolds v. Sims (1964) was another big case of the Warren Court era which involved state legislative seats. (I'm not a lawyer, but I am a citizen.  And one thing that makes this all so confusing is that the first guy's name is Earl Warren whereas the second guy's name is Warren Burger!)  FriendlyRiverOtter (talk) 20:17, 13 August 2012 (UTC)
 * Yes, the coincidence of "Warren" in both names is interesting. It has also caused confusion sometimes. A couple of years ago I was doing some research in a manuscript collection of a lower-court judge who had some official and social correspondence with members of the Supreme Court, and there was a letter marked "sent to Warren," and I had to point out to the librarian that it belonged in the "Correspondence with Chief Justice Burger" file rather than the "Correspondence with Chief Justice Warren" file.
 * Of course, what might really have been interesting would have been if Justice Burger had served with Justice Frankfurter. Newyorkbrad (talk) 16:15, 15 August 2012 (UTC)
 * Imagine the jokes on The Simpsons then! ;)  FriendlyRiverOtter (talk) 16:04, 18 August 2012 (UTC)
 * I was mistaken about something above. Former Chief Justice Earl Warren did live about five years after retiring, so it may have well been him who was disappointed with the Burger Court's modification of Baker v. Carr.  One might think that Warren would view Brown v. Board of Education as the most important decision of the Court during his tenure.  But no, I've read that Earl Warren considered Baker to be his most important decision.  FriendlyRiverOtter (talk) 18:47, 27 August 2012 (UTC)

Homer thinks he's delicious?
Homer Simpson: "Chief Justice of The Supreme Court. What great men he would join: John Marshall. Charles Evans Hughes. Warren Burger. Mmmmm, Burger" Perhaps this should be mentioned in the article. 153.104.16.114 19:07, 13 November 2005 (UTC) done with elaboration.
 * Yeah....I'm thinking no. Kade 19:25, 25 December 2005 (UTC)

Link to Ripon College speech?
I've searched all over the internet for this speech and I can't find it. What I did find was 25 copy-paste jobs of the Wikipedia article. I'd like to see something to corroborate this, the credibility of the article is at stake and its sources are sparse. Kade 19:26, 25 December 2005 (UTC)

Confusing sentence
"...he vigorously dissented from the Court's holding in the case of Solem v. Helm that a sentence of life imprisonment for issuing a fraudulent check in the amount of $100 constituted cruel and unusual punishment."
 * If you would learn to read, it won't be so confusing. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 149.175.206.237 (talk) 00:30, 13 March 2008 (UTC)

Last Will and Testament of Warren Burger
We wish to advise everyone that we (the Living Trust Network) have a copy of Warren Burger's Last Will and Testament posted on our website, which we believe is of interest to anyone seeking information about life of Warren Burger. We have also discussed our desire to post a link to Warren Berger's Last Will and Testament with Wikipedia administrators [See User talk:Livingtrust], either under "references" or "external links." Last Will and Testament of Warren Burger. Wikipedia does not object to the link but has requested that we not put the link up ourselves since we are a commercial website. Instead, it has requested that we make it known that the Last Will and Testament is available, and anyone who wishes to add the link to the "reference" section or the "external links" section may do so. So, we solicite your help in adding the link set forth above. Thanks. Livingtrust 01:30, 8 August 2006 (UTC)

 * Quite frankly, I do not understand the relevance of including Burger's will in the article. What purpose does it serve? If we had a will for every individual with an article, would we include it? Unless there is something particularly notable or unusual about his will, then why include? As for including a link to the will site, I think that is a separate matter. Again, this should not be an exercise in advertising.--RexRex84 05:31, 10 November 2006 (UTC)

Burger & Blackmun
I modified this sentence by adding the italicized language.

 * was a longtime friend, although they grew apart during their mutual service on the Court.

I added my source -- the Greenhouse book -- at the end of the page. I tried to express this idea generally; Greenhouse does so in more detail. ---Axios023 04:19, 8 August 2006 (UTC)

WikiMinnesota and WikiLaw
I added these two because I thought they were glaring omissions. I can understand why WikiVirginia is involved, since he was the Chancellor at William & Mary, but to not include these two seems wrong. Adanielch (talk) 00:00, 9 February 2009 (UTC)

Bot-created subpage
A temporary subpage at User:Polbot/fjc/Warren Earl Burger was automatically created by a perl script, based on this article at the Biographical Directory of Federal Judges. The subpage should either be merged into this article, or moved and disambiguated. Polbot (talk) 16:53, 4 March 2009 (UTC)

"Burger did not allow an opinion to be assigned [...] the case"
Which case is the above referring to? TGGP (talk) 04:37, 24 March 2010 (UTC)

 * LOL. Immigration and Naturalization Service v. Chadha. Seems like the article got somewhat gutted in the last month or so. I found this in an historical version from February 12, 2010. Fat&Happy (talk) 05:41, 24 March 2010 (UTC)

Who is Symington ???
In the section "Retirement, death and legacy", there's this sentence: "In 1987, Princeton University's American Whig-Cliosophic Society awarded Symington the James Madison Award for Distinguished Public Service." Who is Symington? Should that be Burger instead? And The link for reference 18 doesn't seem to work. David M. Hennessey (talk) 12:12, 28 June 2012 (UTC)
 * That's a good catch. Per, Burger did win the award in 1987. Stuart Symington won it in an earlier year. I assume that someone went through the articles of all the winners noting their awards, and forgot to change the name. I'll fix this now. Newyorkbrad (talk) 16:09, 28 June 2012 (UTC)

Good to have a variety of sources
I think it's good to have both books and newspapers, as well as a variety of other sources. As one example, it's possible a book could get a year wrong since the author is concerned with big sweeps of history, whereas with a photocopy of a newspaper article, this is much less likely.

Warren Officially Retires As Burger Takes Oath,St. Petersburg [Florida] Independent, Evening Independent, Washington (AP), Monday, June 23, 1969, page 12-A: “Warren Earl Burger was sworn in at 10:42 a.m. today to be the 15th chief justice of the United States. . .  .  ”

 * Plus, I just think it's kind of interesting to have a contemporaneous newspaper article for the date the man first took office. FriendlyRiverOtter (talk) 14:52, 9 August 2012 (UTC)

Warren Burger nominated May 1969, plus he held views outside judicial mainstream
Nixon’s New Chief Justice, Editorial, Washington Afro-American  and The Washington Tribune, May 27, 1969, page 4:  “. . .  His lower court arguments usually left him in a minority position on controversial criminal cases and the same probably will be true when he becomes chief justice, if he holds to some of his old views. One of Mr. Burger’s views, that illegally obtained evidence should be used against defendants but that the policeman who invaded a person’s privacy to get it, should himself be punished,. . ”

 * Would probably improve article if we could get additional sources and expand on this topic. FriendlyRiverOtter (talk) 02:12, 13 September 2012 (UTC)

View of the 2nd Amendment and of the NRA's interpretation of the 2nd Amendment
On the MacNeil/Lehrer NewsHour, December 16, 1991:

“To ‘keep and bear arms’ for hunting today is essentially a recreational activity and not an imperative of survival, as it was 200 years ago; ‘Saturday night specials’ and machine guns are not recreational weapons and surely are as much in need of regulation as motor vehicles.” He also said that the dogmatic interpretation of the 2nd Amendment by the modern NRA “has been the subject of one of the greatest pieces of fraud, I repeat the word fraud, on the American public by special interest groups that I have ever seen in my lifetime.”

I thought this was relevant, important, and interesting given his reputation as a strict constructionist — Preceding unsigned comment added by 155.52.208.85 (talk) 14:15, 8 July 2015 (UTC)

 * It's more interesting that the 18th Century record disproves his opinion. 69.201.9.37 (talk) 03:29, 17 February 2023 (UTC)

Confusing phrasing
"Although Burger was a conservative,[1] the U.S. Supreme Court delivered numerous conservative decisions"

When I'm reading this sentence, the "although" sets up the expectation that the U.S. supreme court delivered liberal decisions even though Burger was conservative. I don't know enough about Burger to make an appropriate edit, but this should be rewritten for clarity, depending on whether Berger, the Supreme Court decisions, or both were conservative. — Preceding unsigned comment added by DSchemitsch (talk • contribs) 17:24, 22 August 2016 (UTC)

Chancellor of The College of William and Mary
Hello all! As a student at W&M, I took an interest in its deep history and connection to influential figures. The position of Chancellor, held by Burger from 1986 to 1993, is mostly honorary and ceremonial but considering the others who have held the title, it is also very prestigious. I plan to add this as the second title/position mentioned under his portrait but wanted to post in talk as there is no clear rule for this specific topic. For example, on Sandra Day O'Connor's page, the title is listed. But on Henry Kissinger's pages, the title is not even mentioned in the text.

To be sure, the position has meant more to some than to others. But considering Burger had an outsized impact on Williamsburg, and the fact that his son donated his records and papers to the College, it is fair to assume that the position was meaningful to Burger and worth prominent mention. Please respond if you have a unified stylistic suggestion for the Chancellorship or if you disagree with my assessment. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Mcelya (talk • contribs) 05:43, 28 April 2020 (UTC)

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Mistake in intro
Nevermind. My mistake

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Warren E. Burger


text:
Talk:Ève Angeli

Untitled
A little more wikifying/rewriting of the anecdote section necessary. Athf1234

TODO: Some examples translated into French would be nice, too.

Name
This article has been, without any discussion or evidence, moved to a name contrary to the sources and contrary that she uses herself on her own blog, Eve Angeli at http://eveangeli.musicblog.fr/ It should be moved back. Gene Nygaard (talk) 13:42, 1 February 2008 (UTC)

Assessment comment
Substituted at 18:11, 5 June 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:Ève Angeli


text:
Micropygidae

The Micropygidae form a family of sea urchins within the Diadematoida order of echinoderms. The family contains two living species of the genus Micropyga and one, Kierechinus, known only from fossils. Morphologically, they are quite flat and have short, sharp spines, which are close to each other. They occur in the Indian and Pacific Oceans.

title: Micropygidae


text:
Hochstadt

Hochstadt can refer to three battles:

 * Battle of Höchstädt (1703)
 * Battle of Blenheim (1704) - frequently referred to in Europe as the Battle of Höchstädt.
 * Battle of Höchstädt (1800)

It also the name of different places in Germany:
 * Hochstadt, Rhineland-Palatinate, in the district Südliche Weinstraße
 * Hochstadt am Main, in Bavaria
 * a subdivision of Weßling, in Bavaria
 * Hochstadt, Maintal, a district of the city of Maintal, Hesse

and places with similar names:
 * Hochstaden, a Medieval county in Rhineland, near Cologne.
 * Höchstädt an der Donau, in the district of Dillingen, Bavaria (site of the battles in 1703, 1704 and 1800)
 * Höchstädt im Fichtelgebirge, in the district of Wunsiedel, Bavaria
 * Höchstadt, in the Erlangen-Höchstadt district, Bavaria
 * Hochstatt, in Alsace, France

title: Hochstadt


text:
Gardetto's

Gardetto's is a brand of snack mix owned by General Mills, which also owns the similar Chex Mix. The Gardetto Family Bakery was founded in 1932 in Milwaukee, Wisconsin by Baptiste and Diane Gardetto and was acquired by General Mills in 1999. According to the packaging, it was at the bakery that Judy Gardetto took the trimmings of breadsticks and mixed them with other snack bits and a blend of special seasonings.

In 1981, Judy Gardetto began baking breadstick ends marinated in oil, garlic and Worcestershire sauce in her own oven. Her family produced them at the bakery plant and initially sold them as "Gardetto's Snak-Ens" to bars and restaurants in 10-pound bags. Her father added pretzels, rye chips and Chex cereal to the mix and began selling them "Gardetto's Deluxe Snak-Ens". It was initially marketed to high-end shops in the midwest. In 1987, the company began selling 1.75-oz bags in vending machines, and attributed demand taking off to this decision. The product name was eventually changed to Original Recipe.

Today, Gardetto's is sold in "original" recipe (with changes as noted below) as well as in reduced fat original, Italian recipe, Italian cheese blend, and a deli-style mustard pretzel mix. Gardetto's Mixes do not contain peanuts or traces of tree nuts, but do contain wheat, milk, and soy ingredients.

Variations
In 2006, Gardetto's released a "special request" snack including only the brown rye chips.

Discontinued varieties include Sour Cream and Onion and Ranch flavored mixes, both of which replaced the rye toast crackers with spiral cut cracker bits. Pizza Mix was also eliminated after several years of production and later replaced by Italian Recipe.

In early 2013, General Mills removed the sesame seed breadstick from the Gardetto's original recipe and replaced it with a different breadstick found in other popular snack mixes put out by General Mills.

title: Gardetto's


text:
Billy Garland

William Jefferson Garland (June 17, 1918 – March 16, 1960), was an American blues guitarist, singer, and songwriter. Garland was famous for his falsetto singing combined with gentle guitar playing style. Much of Garland's output was recorded from 1940 until 1950, including 1945's "Got Nothing on Me".

Garland was born in Flowood, Mississippi, and died in 1960 in a car accident in Chicago.

He is not the same Billy Garland (born Mulberry, Arkansas; who released a country music CD in 2002) and who was inducted into the Rockabilly Hall of Fame.

title: Billy Garland


text: Template:Johannesburg freeways

title: Template:Johannesburg freeways


text:
August 2 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

August 1 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - August 3

All fixed commemorations below are observed on August 15 by Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For August 2, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on July 20.

Saints

 * Hieromartyr Stephen, Pope of Rome, and Companions (257)   (see also: August 3)
 * Saint Phocas.
 * Saint Friardus of Vindumitta in Gaul (c. 577) (see also: August 1 - West)

Pre-Schism Western saints

 * Martyr Rutilius (250)
 * Saint Maximus of Padua, successor of St Prosdocimus as Bishop of Padua in Italy, Wonderworker (2nd century)
 * Saint Auspicius, the first Bishop of Apt in France (pre-4th century)
 * Saint Eusebius of Vercelli, Bishop of Vercelli in Piedmont in Italy (371)
 * Saint Sidwell (Sativola), a Briton from the West of England near Exeter, she was beheaded as a martyr, by a scythe (6th century)
 * Saint Boetharius (Betharius, Bethaire), Bishop of Chartres in France, he was present at the Council of Sens (623)
 * Saint Etheldritha (Alfreda), daughter of King Offa of Mercia, an anchoress at Crowland in Lincolnshire in England (c. 835)
 * Saint Plegmund, the tutor of King Alfred and twentieth Archbishop of Canterbury (914)

Post-Schism Orthodox saints

 * Venerable Fotou the Cypriot (Photini the Cypriot), the Wonderworker.
 * Blessed Basil of Kamenny Monastery, Lake Kubenskoye, Vologda (1472)
 * Saint Marco of Belavinsk, in Vologda (1492)
 * Blessed Basil of Moscow, Fool-for-Christ (1552)
 * New Martyr Theodore of the Dardanelles (1690)

New martyrs and confessors

 * New Hieromartyr Platon (Kolegov), Hieromonk, of Chasovo (Komi) (1937)

Other commemorations

 * Translation of the relics (415) of the Righteous Nicodemus, Gamaliel, and Abibus, of Jerusalem (1st century)
 * Translation of the relics from Jerusalem to Constantinople (428) of Protomartyr and Archdeacon Stephen (34)
 * Translation of the relics of Martyrs Dada, Maximus, and Quintilian, at Dorostolum in Moesia (286)
 * Consecration of the Church of St. John the Theologian, near the Holy Great Church in Constantinople.
 * Repose of the pious Emperor Justinian II, Fool-for-Christ, interred in the Church of the Holy Apostles.
 * Repose of Hieromonk Peter (Seregin), spiritual father of Pühtitsa Convent, Estonia (1982)
 * Icon of the Mother of God of Achair (2002)

title: August 2 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)


text:
User:NaibStilgar

Location: Asenovgrad, Bulgaria

Born in 1983

Sex: male

Occupation: Software Developer

Languages: English, Bulgarian(native)

Hobby: PC games: StarCraft, WarCraft series, Quake series

title: User:NaibStilgar


text:
Jurisprudence constante

Jurisprudence constante (French for "stable jurisprudence", or literally, "constant jurisprudence") is a legal doctrine according to which a long series of previous decisions applying a particular legal principle or rule is highly persuasive but not controlling in subsequent cases dealing with similar or identical issues of law. This doctrine is recognized in most civil law jurisdictions as well as in certain mixed jurisdictions, e.g., Louisiana.

The rule of law applied in the jurisprudence constante directly compares with stare decisis. But the Louisiana Supreme Court notes the principal difference between the two legal doctrines: a single court decision can provide sufficient foundation for stare decisis; however, "a series of adjudicated cases, all in accord, form the basis for jurisprudence constante." Moreover, the Louisiana Court of Appeal has explicitly noted that within Louisiana, jurisprudence constante is merely a secondary source of law, which cannot be authoritative and does not rise to the level of the source of law, which is legislation. Judicial decisions are not intended to be an authoritative source of law, and, thus, the civilian tradition does not recognize the doctrine of stare decisis. Id.

title: Jurisprudence constante


text:
Compact Application Solution Language

Compact Application Solution Language (CASL) is a programming language used to create computer programs for Palm OS, and Microsoft Windows desktops, laptops, and Pocket PCs with Windows Mobile. It is published by WAGWARE Systems, Inc., and Brainyware, LLC.

Overview
As a language, CASL is similar to Pascal or Visual Basic with object-oriented programming features. The CASL software development kit (SDK) includes a graphical user interface (GUI) forms editor, an integrated development environment (IDE), and a compiler. CASL programs can either be run as interpreted applications on target devices (using a small helper binary), or compiled directly to native code (CASLpro). One of CASL's key features is that the same source can be compiled to Palm OS, Windows, or Pocket PC with Windows Mobile, without changing the code, termed "write once, run all".

In July 2005, CASLsoft announced they were discontinuing support for CASL and releasing it as freeware, with version 4.2 as the last official release. A month later, WAGWARE Systems, Inc. and Brainyware, LLC announced the purchase of CASL, updated the product and continue to release it as commercial software. CASL Version 4.3 was released on 3 July 2006.

In January 2007, more libraries were released to support the Janam XP20/XP30 series of barcode devices. The CASL libraries are also backward compatible with the Symbol SPT series devices.

title: Compact Application Solution Language


text:
Arame

Arame, sea oak is a species of kelp, of the brown algae, best known for its use in Japanese cuisine.

Description
Eisenia bicyclis is indigenous to temperate Pacific Ocean waters centered near Japan, although it is deliberately cultured elsewhere, including South Korea. It grows and reproduces seasonally. Two flattened oval fronds rise from a stiff woody stipe which can be up to about 1 m tall. The fronds are shed and new ones formed annually. The plant appears both branched and feathered. It may be harvested by divers manually or mechanically, and the dried form is available year-round.

Cuisine
It is one of many species of seaweed used in Asian cuisine.

Usually purchased in a dried state, it is reconstituted quickly, taking about five minutes. Arame comes in dark brown strands, has a mild, semi-sweet flavor, and a firm texture. It is added to appetizers, casseroles, muffins, pilafs, soups, toasted dishes, and many other types of food. Its mild flavor makes it adaptable to many uses.

Chemistry
Arame is high in calcium, iodine, iron, magnesium, and vitamin A as well as being a dietary source of many other minerals. It also is harvested for alginate, fertilizer and iodide. It contains the storage polysaccharide laminarin and the tripeptide eisenin, a peptide with immunological activity.

Lignan content in arame is noted by several sources. It also contains the phlorotannins phlorofucofuroeckol A, dioxinodehydroeckol, fucofuroeckol A, eckol, dieckol, triphloroethol A and 7-phloroethol. Extracts of this algae have been tested to combat MRSA staph infections.

title: Arame


text:
Zodiac Aerospace

Zodiac Aerospace was a French aerospace group founded in 1896 that supplied systems and equipment for aircraft. In October 2018, it was acquired by French aerospace and defense company Safran. At the time of acquisition, it was one of the oldest aerospace groups known to exist.

Aeronautic foundations (1896-1933)
The company was founded in 1896 as "Mallet, Mélandri et de Pitray" by Maurice Mallet and his associates. In the beginning, the company was involved in the production of hydrogen balloons for sport and tourism.

In 1909, the company changed its name to "Zodiac." The company then experienced a boom fueled by the construction of airplanes and airships, especially for the Aérostation Maritime (Naval Balloon Command), and through its participation in the war effort. Until the 1930s, 63 airships would leave Zodiac's workshops.

Marine activities (1934-1972)
In 1934, the company created the first prototype inflatable boats, ancestors of the renowned "Zodiac," which would contribute to the development of the civil and military inflatable boat industry. The company then benefited from the boom in leisure activities after the Second World War, as well as the French infatuation with recreational boating in the 1960s: Zodiac, therefore, developed inflatable boats for the civil market and gradually gave up the airship market for the more promising water sports market. Zodiac would nevertheless honor a contract in 1966 with CNES (Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales - National Centre for Space Studies) for the production of a meteorological balloon, in the scope of the EOLE project. At the end of the 1960s, the Group reorganized and set up its first sales operation for exporting its products overseas more easily. In 1964 it opened its first subsidiary in Spain - "Zodiac Española" - followed by "Zodiac North America" in 1970.

Group internationalization (1973-1989)
At the beginning of the 1970s, Zodiac experienced financial difficulties. Spurred on by its new CEO, Jean-Louis Gerondeau, and with the support of shareholders and the IDI (Institute pour le Development Industrial - French Institute for Industrial Development), the Group recovered by 1977. In 1983, Zodiac was the first company to be listed on the 'Second Market' of the Paris Stock Exchange. The firm conducted an international development policy and increases its acquisitions, thereby enabling it to position itself in niche markets on a global scale. In 1978, it acquired Aérazur Constructions Aéronautiques and thus re-entered the aerospace market. In 1979, it acquired EFA (Parachutes), which led to the creation of the aerospace segment, and continued its development in marine and aerospace with the acquisitions of Bombard-L'Angevinière (ranked second in inflatable boats), Saylor (leading French producer of light PVC inflatable structures) in 1981 and Superflexit (flexible tanks) in 1983, as well as the takeover of Parachutes de France (sport parachutes). In 1987, Zodiac acquired Air Cruisers (leader in evacuation slides), Metzeler (inflatable boats), B. Kern, and Europol in 1988, it acquired Pioneer, at the time the second American manufacturer of deceleration and engine braking recovery systems through parachutes.

Development of aerospace businesses (1990-2006)
In the 1990s, the Group continued its acquisitions, strengthening its aerospace business. In 1998, Monogram Systems (onboard water and waste management) joined, as did the Inter technique Group in 1999. The latter acquisition significantly increased the aerospace share in the Group's business and later enabled the creation of the Aircraft Systems segment, specializing in on-board systems.

From 2002 to 2006, Zodiac successively acquired ESCO (emergency arresting systems), ICORE (cable protection and interconnect systems), Avox Systems (oxygen systems), C&D Aerospace (cabin interiors), Enertec and In-Snec (telemetry and data recording).

Split and refocus on aerospace (2007-2018)
In September 2007, the Zodiac Group sold its Marine business to a holding company, 72% owned by the American Group Carlyle with 28% being retained by Zodiac, thus creating Zodiac Marine and Pool. In November 2007, Olivier Zarrouati succeeded Jean-Louis Gerondeau as Chief Executive Officer.

At the beginning of 2008, the Group was renamed Zodiac Aerospace and adopted a new logo. At the end of 2008, Zodiac Aerospace strengthened its position in the cabin interiors segment by acquiring the Dutch company Driessen (leading manufacturer of galleys for single-aisle aircraft and trolleys), Adder (cabin separators) and TIA (electrical equipment for galleys, mainly for the business aircraft market). Zodiac Aerospace continued its acquisition strategy in cabin interiors as well as in systems. In 2010, the Canadian company Cantwell Cullen & Co (cabling and interconnect systems) and the German company Sell GmbH (galleys for wide-bodied aircraft) joined the Group.

The year 2010 was marked by a takeover bid for Zodiac Aerospace by the French Group Safran. At the beginning of July 2010, Zodiac Aerospace announced that it had been officially approached by Safran and that, having examined Safran's proposal, its Supervisory Board had unanimously decided not to pursue it. For several months, Zodiac and Safran squared up in the media. In November 2010, the AMF (French Financial Markets Authority) summoned Safran to clarify its position: its CEO, Jean-Paul Herteman announced in November 2010 that he had given up his plan to acquire Zodiac Aerospace. Since 2011, Zodiac Aerospace has continued its acquisitions:
 * Heath Tecna (cabin interiors for commercial aircraft);
 * Contour Aerospace (first class and business class seats);
 * IMS (IFE - In-Flight Entertainment - systems);
 * NAT (engineering and certification);
 * TriaGnoSys (on-board connectivity systems for In-flight entertainment);
 * PPP (oxygen systems);
 * Greenpoint Technologies (VIP/VVIP configuration layout design for wide-bodied aircraft);
 * Enviro Systems (environment control system).

In September 2012, Zodiac Aerospace put in place an organization comprising five segments (Zodiac Aero safety, Zodiac Aircraft Systems, Zodiac Cabin & Structures, Zodiac Galleys & Equipment and Zodiac Seats), complemented by an after-sales service business, Zodiac Aerospace Services.

Explosion
On Tuesday, 14 July 2015, an explosion occurred in a prepreg treater at Zodiac Aerospace's Engineered Materials Plant in Newport, Washington, United States. Five individuals were injured as a result of the blast, and people were asked to remain at least 600 meters from the building.

Acquisition by Safran
On 19 January 2017, Safran announced a deal to buy Zodiac at €29.47 per share in cash, with a deal total of almost €10 billion ($10.5 billion). In May 2017, Safran reduced the amount offered to take Zodiac by $1 billion after Zodiac posted an unfavorable earnings forecast. On 19 October 2018, Safran and Zodiac Aerospace signed an agreement for the latter to merge into Safran.

Zodiac Aerospace brand
When it was founded in 1896, the company was called "Mallet, Mélandri et de Pitray". It changed its name several times during the course of its history. In 1899, it became "Ateliers de constructions aéronautiques Maurice Mallet" (Maurice Mallet aerospace construction workshops), and nine years later it became "Société Françoise des balloons dirigibles" ("French company of balloons and dirigibles"). In 1909, the name Zodiac (with an English spelling) appeared in the name "Société Françoise de balloons dirigibles et d'aviation Zodiac" ("French company of balloons, dirigibles, and aviation, Zodiac"), followed in 1911 by "Société Zodiac, anciens Établissements aéronautiques Maurice Mallet" ("Zodiac Company, formerly Maurice Mallet aeronautical establishments"). In 1965, the company changed its name to "Zodiac". The name Zodiac is associated with the inflatable boats that were developed after the Second World War and made famous by the explorations of Jacques Cousteau and the experiences of intentional castaway Alain Bombard. For this reason, when the Zodiac Group sold its Marine business in 2007, the Zodiac brand was also sold. In accordance with the agreements signed with the acquiring company, the Group took the name of "Zodiac Aerospace", which emphasized its refocus on aerospace. This name change was accompanied by the creation of a new logo.

Organization

Zodiac Aerospace provides equipment for commercial aircraft, regional aircraft, and business aircraft as well as helicopters and spacecraft. The Group consists of 5 operational segments, supported by a service activity.

Zodiac Aerosafety
Zodiac Aerosafety brings together businesses that develop on-board and ground safety systems as well as protection and rescue solutions. This segment comprises 5 divisions, mainly located in Europe and the United States. Zodiac Arresting Systems (EMASMAX®)
 * Zodiac Arresting Systems develops emergency arresting systems including the EMASMAX product, which helps to secure civil airport runways.
 * Zodiac Evacuation Systems offers rescue systems such as inflatable lifejackets, evacuation slides and emergency flotation systems for helicopters.
 * Zodiac Interconnect specializes in cable protection and interconnect systems.
 * Zodiac Elastomer designs flexible tanks for aircraft and fuel distribution systems.
 * Zodiac Parachute & Protection offers civil and military parachutes.

Zodiac Aircraft Systems
The Zodiac Aircraft Systems segment specializes in onboard systems that provide essential in-flight functions. This segment comprises 7 divisions and is mainly located in Europe (France and Germany) and in the United States.
 * Zodiac Cabin & Cockpit Systems supplies systems for cockpits, internal and external lighting systems and pilot and passenger oxygen systems (LAVOX, Eros, etc.).
 * Zodiac Controls develops measurement sensors and system management solutions.
 * Zodiac Electrical Systems specializes in electrical power management systems.
 * Zodiac Entertainment & Seat Technologies comprises two parts. Zodiac In-flight Innovations develops and sells onboard entertainment systems (RAVE) and connectivity. Zodiac Actuation Systems produces electric actuators for aircraft seats.
 * Zodiac Fluid Management offers solutions for managing fluid circulation (fuel, water, etc.).
 * Zodiac Water & Waste supplies onboard systems for treating wastewater and garbage.
 * Zodiac Data Systems designs telemetry applications and onboard systems for data acquisition and recording. Its products are known under the following brand names: In-Snec, Enertec and HEIM.

Zodiac Galleys and Equipment
The Zodiac Galleys & Equipment segment comprises three divisions, located in Europe (France, Germany and the Netherlands), the United States and Thailand.
 * Zodiac Galleys fits out single aisle and twin-aisle kitchen areas of aircraft and rest areas for flight crew.
 * Zodiac Galley Inserts supplies kitchen equipment (ovens, coffee machines, waste compactors, chillers, microwave ovens, etc.).
 * Zodiac Rotable Equipment supplies trolleys (for carrying food and duty-free items on board the aircraft) and containers for loading baggage and goods into aircraft holds (LD3).

Zodiac Cabin & Structures
The Zodiac Cabin & Structures segment designs and manufactures cabin interiors for fitting out new aircraft and refitting old aircraft. It is mainly located in the United States.
 * Zodiac OEM Cabin Interiors designs, develops and certifies the cabin interiors of commercial and regional aircraft.
 * Zodiac Airline Cabin Interiors offers airlines a service for refitting cabin interiors.
 * Zodiac Northwest Aerospace Technologies is an engineering company specializing in cabin refit programs and their certification.
 * Zodiac Advanced Composites and Engineered Materials supplies composite materials for fitting out cabin interiors.
 * Zodiac Business Aircraft Cabin Interiors designs and manufactures cabin interiors for business aircraft.

Zodiac Seats
Zodiac Seats designs, manufactures and sells passenger seats (first class, business class, premium economy, and standard economy class) for commercial and regional aircraft as well as technical seats (for aircraft pilots, seats for helicopters, and seats for flight crew). This segment comprises 4 main divisions:
 * Zodiac Seats France (formerly Sicma Aerospace) is based in Issoudun, France and specializes in business class and economy class seats.
 * Zodiac Seats U.S. (formerly Weber Aircraft, LLC.) is located in Gainesville, Texas and specializes mainly in economy class seats. Its subsidiary, Zodiac Seats California, specializes in seats for regional aircraft.
 * Zodiac Seats UK (formerly Contour Aerospace) is based in Cwmbran and Camberley (United Kingdom). It specializes in first class and business class seats.
 * Zodiac Seats Shells, based in Santa Maria, California, manufactures seat shells in composite materials for business class seats.

Zodiac Aerospace Services
Zodiac Aerospace Services is the after-sales service activity of Zodiac Aerospace Group. It has locations in Europe, the United States, the Middle East and Asia.

Governance and management
Zodiac Aerospace Group is a Limited Company with an Executive Board and a Supervisory Board. It is managed by the Executive Board, chaired by Olivier Zarrouati and by the Executive Committee. The Supervisory Board is chaired by Didier Domange.

Markets and strategy
The products and systems developed by Zodiac Aerospace mainly address the civil aerospace market. They break down into two categories: This development is based both on organic growth as well as growth by acquisition.
 * SFE (Supplier-Furnished Equipment) products: Equipment supplied by the aircraft manufacturer, which is selected by aircraft manufacturers at the beginning of a program and is then fitted into all aircraft produced.
 * BFE (Buyer-Furnished Equipment) products: Equipment supplied by the aircraft buyer, which is selected by airlines to fit out their new aircraft or as a replacement for equipment on older aircraft.

Innovation
Zodiac Aerospace takes part in research and innovation programs that bring together various industry players. Zodiac Aerospace also supports innovation through the Jean-Louis Gerondeau Award, created four years ago to reward undergraduates or PhD students of the Ecole Polytechnique, championing a business creation project and encouraging entrepreneurial spirit and innovation.
 * CORAC Génome
 * Hycarus - Fuel cells
 * (Airbus) eFan project

Key figures
Zodiac Aerospace's fiscal year starts on 1 September and ends on 31 August.

Share ownership and stock market information
Zodiac Aerospace's shares are listed on the Euronext Paris market. As at 29 March 2016, Zodiac Aerospace's share capital stood at €4,515 million euros made up of 289,407,962 shares.

Fiscal year 2013 / 2014

 * Revenue: €4.175m
 * Current operating income (before IFRS 3): €549.9m
 * Net Income: €354.4m
 * Dividend (in €): 0.32
 * Net Debt/Equity ratio 0.43

Philanthropy
For many years, Zodiac Aerospace has been supporting the Petits Princes association at Group level. The Group also provides support for projects that encourage scientific research, as with "Wings for Science" in 2012 for example. Subsidiaries also support local initiatives, mainly in the fields of health and education.

Wings for Science
Since 2012, the Group has been supporting the ORA (Observer Relever Analyser - Observe Record Analyze) association through the supply of equipment. The objective of this project is to make a light aircraft available to research laboratories to support scientific work and to inspire young people. In June 2013, the aircraft was displayed at Le Bourget during the Paris Air Show.

Local initiatives
Around the world, Zodiac Aerospace's subsidiaries support local initiatives on education and health. For example, two Group entities (Zodiac Galley Inserts and Zodiac Oxygen Systems) gifted equipment to the ORBIS association in 2013; this was used to equip a hospital in an aircraft travelling in troubled countries to care for people with eye problems and to take the latest medical innovations to local doctors.

title: Zodiac Aerospace


text: Category:Italian noble families

title: Category:Italian noble families


text:
White House Iraq Group

The White House Iraq Group (aka, White House Information Group or WHIG) was a working group of the White House set up in August 2002 and tasked with disseminating information supporting the positions of the George W. Bush administration relating to a possible invasion of Iraq, which would subsequently take place in March 2003.

The task force was set up by White House Chief of Staff Andrew Card and chaired by Karl Rove to coordinate all of the executive branch elements in the run-up to the war in Iraq. However, it is widely speculated that the intention of the task force was "escalation of rhetoric about the danger that Iraq posed to the U.S., including the introduction of the term 'mushroom cloud'".

Timeline
Soon after WHIG was formed, the Bush Administration's claims about the danger Iraq posed escalated significantly:

 * July 23, 2002: The Downing Street Memo was written, in which British intelligence said "C reported on his recent talks in Washington. There was a perceptible shift in attitude. Military action was now seen as inevitable. Bush wanted to remove Saddam, through military action, justified by the conjunction of terrorism and WMD. But the intelligence and facts were being fixed around the policy."
 * August, 2002: White House Iraq Group formed.
 * September 5, 2002: In a WHIG meeting, chief Bush speechwriter Michael Gerson proposes the use of a "smoking gun/mushroom cloud" metaphor to sell the American public on the supposed nuclear dangers posed by Saddam Hussein. According to Newsweek columnist Michael Isikoff, "The original plan had been to place it in an upcoming presidential speech, but WHIG members fancied it so much that when the Times reporters contacted the White House to talk about their upcoming piece [about aluminum tubes], one of them leaked Gerson's phrase — and the administration would soon make maximum use of it." (Hubris, p. 35.)
 * September 6, 2002: In an interview with the New York Times, White House Chief of Staff Andrew Card did not mention the WHIG specifically but hinted at its mission: "From a marketing point of view, you don't introduce new products in August."  On September 17, 2002, commentator Matt Miller stated on NPR that the Card's statement was in response to the question: "... why the administration waited until after Labor Day to try to sell the American people on military action against Iraq"
 * September 7, 2002: Judith Miller of The New York Times reports Bush administration officials said "In the last 14 months, Iraq has sought to buy thousands of specially designed aluminum tubes, which American officials believe were intended as components of centrifuges to enrich uranium." In fact, many government officials had concluded the tubes were unsuitable for uranium refinement.
 * September 7–8, 2002: President Bush and a plurality of top advisers blanketed the airwaves, talking about the dangers posed by Iraq.
 * On NBC's "Meet the Press," Vice President Dick Cheney cited the New York Times article, and accused Saddam of moving aggressively to develop nuclear weapons over the past fourteen months to add to his stockpile of chemical and biological arms.
 * On CNN, Condoleezza Rice acknowledged that "there will always be some uncertainty" in determining how close Iraq may be to obtaining a nuclear weapon but said, "We don't want the smoking gun to be a mushroom cloud."
 * On CBS, President Bush said U.N. weapons inspectors, before they were denied access to Iraq in 1998, concluded that Saddam was "six months away from developing a weapon." He also cited satellite photos released by a U.N. agency Friday that show unexplained construction at Iraq sites that weapons inspectors once visited to search for evidence Saddam was trying to develop nuclear arms. "I don't know what more evidence we need," Bush said.
 * October 14, 2002: President Bush says of Saddam "This is a man that we know has had connections with al Qaeda. This is a man who, in my judgment, would like to use al Qaeda as a forward army."
 * January 21, 2003: Bush says of Saddam "He has weapons of mass destruction -- the world's deadliest weapons -- which pose a direct threat to the United States, our citizens and our friends and allies."
 * February 5, 2003: Colin Powell addresses the United Nations, asserting that there was "no doubt in my mind" that Saddam was working to obtain key components to produce nuclear weapons.
 * March 19, 2003: The U.S. invades Iraq.

Members
The members of the White House Iraq Group include:

 * Karl Rove
 * Karen Hughes
 * Mary Matalin
 * Andrew Card
 * Dan Bartlett
 * James R. Wilkinson
 * Condoleezza Rice
 * Stephen Hadley
 * I. Lewis (Scooter) Libby
 * Michael Gerson
 * Rendon Group
 * Ari Fleischer

Response to Yellowcake Forgery Issue
In response to the Yellowcake forgery issue, the White House Iraq Group devised a strategy to combat critics:

"There is a strategy now, devised by White House communications director Dan Bartlett, Mary Matalin, a former aide to Vice President Cheney, and former Bush aide Karen Hughes. Both advise the White House as a consultants to the Republican National Committee.

The plan: Release all relevant information. Try to shift attention back to Bush's leadership in the war on terrorism. Diminish the significance of that single piece of iffy intelligence by making the case that Saddam was a threat for many other reasons. Put Republican lawmakers and other Bush allies on TV to defend him.

Most important: Question the motives of Democrats who supported the war but now are criticizing the president."

From British Report:

From our examination of the intelligence and other material on Iraqi attempts to buy uranium from Africa, we have concluded that:

a. It is accepted by all parties that Iraqi officials visited Niger in 1999.

b. The British Government had intelligence from several different sources indicating that this visit was for the purpose of acquiring uranium. Since uranium constitutes almost three-quarters of Niger's exports, the intelligence was credible.

c. The evidence was not conclusive that Iraq actually purchased, as opposed to having sought, uranium and the British Government did not claim this.

d. The forged documents were not available to the British Government at the time its assessment was made, and so the fact of the forgery does not undermine it.

CIA leak scandal
Records and notes of White House Iraq Group activities were subpoenaed by Special Counsel Patrick Fitzgerald as part of the investigation into the leak of CIA operative Valerie Plame's identity.

title: White House Iraq Group


text:
Talk:New Freedom Commission on Mental Health

POV
"Critics, concerned by what they see as the pharmaceutical industry's insidious front organization manipulations and invidious compromise, under color of authority, of scientific integrity, look askance at the doublespeak irony of the commission's masquerading under the banner of 'freedom', contending the effects of its recommendations will foster coercive chemical control over citizens."

This, the third paragraph of the article, asserts as fact the following POV propositions:
 * that the commission is "masquerading under the banner of freedom"; and
 * that there is a "doublespeak irony" in the commission "masquerading under the banner of freedom".

It also tries to promote POV with emotionally loaded words, accusing the pharmaceutical industry not just of manipulation but of "insidious manipulations", not just of compromise of scientific integrity but of "invidious compromise, under color of authority, of scientific integrity". Since Wikipedia is not a soapbox, there is no justification for the article to be written in this style, not even when the weasel phrasing of "Critics, concerned by what they see as" is employed. Would we allow the plan's defenders to edit the article to comment on "what they see as the paranoid, neo-Luddite ravings of the critics"? Clearly not. -- Antaeus Feldspar 23:29, 21 July 2005 (UTC)

Even in the now-revised version, the POV is blatant, still asserting as a fact "the irony of the commission's 'freedom' descriptor". Also see this paragraph:

"Opponents of the plan suggest it fosters the use of progressively more stringent and coercive use of chemical interventions, championed by Sally Satel and other pharmaceutical industry backers, rather than basic preventative strategies and alternative medicine modalities. Opponents are gravely concerned about what they see as the skyrocketing use of primitive chemical mind control techniques upon citizens, little different from chemical straitjacketing, which are solely based upon an unproven chemical imbalance theory. Uninformed consent and the incremental evisceration of civil rights, exemplified by legislation allowing outpatient commitment in 42 States now, have contributed to the heightening of their ill will toward the New Freedom Commission."

Once again, this is the insertion of the personal opinion that mainstream mental health treatment consists of "primitive chemical mind control techniques ... little different from chemical straitjacketing", which does not become more acceptable to load an article with just because it is couched with "Opponents are gravely concerned about..." It also contains the factual falsehood that mainstream mental health treatments "are solely based upon an unproven chemical imbalance theory"; while many researchers do in fact believe that a theory of chemical imbalances may explain why anti-depressants work, this phrasing falsely suggests that the use of anti-depressants has nothing to do with any empirical verification that they do work. -- Antaeus Feldspar 18:01, 23 July 2005 (UTC)

 * WELL DUH! This is war. My drug was switched by the NFC from generic to Depakote and Medicare has paid 1200 dollars more in 4 months. Federal Medicare hung up on me when I reported this crime. When observed globally, this stupidity breeds terrorism, G.W. "We see the enemy and and he are us." —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 74.71.210.136 (talk) 22:44, 6 April 2007 (UTC).

 * The truth about the commission is difficult to spell out in npov terms, no doubt. However, use of the 'mind control' terminology in the intro is inappropriate when the more neutral 'chemical behavior control' or other alternatives still make the point.  Ombudsman 07:08, 9 January 2006 (UTC)

Please, let MI represent an undefined term called a "mental illness" while BI stands for an undefined term called a "bodily illness". If for some MI, there exists scientific and repeatable physical evidence of a bodily illness BI which is associated with MI, then I claim that MI cannot be an illness but rather, MI must be merely a symptom of BI. Indeed, symptoms are symptoms and illnesses are illnesses and they cannot be both. Thus, no MI has a corresponding BI. Drugs, shock treatment, lobotomy? QED

The NFC Medicare will gladly pay 4800.00 dollars per year for involuntary Depakote-ER when its generic Valproic acid would cost only 1344.00 dollars. Both cause liver damage, obesity, and pseudo brain wasting thus cutting ones IQ by one half. At the same time, Medicare stopped my Cozar payments (for high blood pressure) costing only 310.80 per year.

I signed into a hospital and my Depakote was completely eliminated, now my mind is clear and I can taste food again after decades.

My correct diagnosis after twenty seven years is now acute carbon monoxide poisoning which is a medical illness as opposed to the 32 types of bipolar disorder and ten other mental "diagnoses" which I have been labeled with, Survivor, www.burningitches.org/psychiatricautopsy/

 * Despite the alleged POV in the article, I don't think that it is debatable that screening every adult and child for "emotional problems" doesn't encroach on personal freedoms, do you? It definitely does, look at the article on Liberty then look at this article, you cannot state that this bill is libertarian or protects the rights of the individual against society. In fact, it forcefully imposes the psychiatric society's views of mental health upon the peeople. Whether this is a good thing, or a bad thing -- I don't know, I've never studied pyschiatry, all that I do know is that as that, traditionally, as somebody isn't a physical danger to themselves or society they shouldn't be forced onto these medications. That's just my knowledge, however.--Mofomojo 21:44, 19 September 2006 (UTC)

The article has substantially changed since this discussion, and since no discussion in this section has taken place on the talk page for over a year, I'm removing the tag.--Gloriamarie 08:38, 16 September 2007 (UTC)

Introduction
The first paragraph on this article is terrible. It reads like something from a pamphlet endorsing the legislation, and is very poorly written. I mean, for chrissakes, "as part of his commitment to eliminate inequality for Americans with disabilities"? What the hell? Blubb3rr3ng3l 05:48, 9 January 2006 (UTC)

I was accidentily signed in as my roomate when I wrote bit right above. Cyrano 05:50, 9 January 2006 (UTC)

 * In an attempt to tone down the ethusiastic rhetorical bias, passages from earlier revisions have been restored, minor copy edits have been made, including elimination of the term 'enthusiastically'. Ombudsman 07:08, 9 January 2006 (UTC)

Mind control
While chemical restraints may be a form of mind control, the term is used secondarily by critics, whose main concerns about the objectives of the doublespeak 'New Freedom' initiative revolve primarily around the abuse of the political process to expand markets and profits, regardless of the neurological damage caused. Overuse and abuse of the prescription pad to control behavior is a major concern, but describing it with the term 'mind control' - not exactly common parlance - and inserting the questionable passage is akin to your repeated pejorative use of the conspiracy label. Ombudsman 16:50, 2 August 2005 (UTC)

 * I agree that saying something is "mind control" is a very strong statement which is very difficult to support. I agree that saying that opponents of a plan call it "mind control" will thus reflect on those opponents.  You seem to be arguing from consequences, that what is revealed about certain people's beliefs should be determined by how it will reflect upon them, and not upon whether it is in fact what they believe.

 * A veteran of decades of involutary "treatment" with psychtropic drugs must say that it is not "mind control" but rather like walking through many spider webs all at once. However, the side effects are definitely kidney, liver, thyroid, and pancreas control (damage or death).74.71.210.136 22:33, 6 April 2007 (UTC)

 * Unfortunately, that is the part where I must disagree with you. Wikipedia is not a vehicle for propaganda or advocacy, and shaping articles so that they will present certain parties in the best possible light is advocacy.  It is even worse, however, when that selective-presentation-based-on-how-it-reflects is done on an article-by-article basis.  Now, when it has been made entirely clear that opponents of the New Freedom Commission do fervently regard it as a form of mind control, expressing this view in strong phrasings like "thought crime police and screening for psychotropic eligibility, while low-tech, create palpable fear and foster the practice of chemical behavior control" and "the notion that campaigns to chemically straitjacket citizens on a wholesale basis, or to intimidate via thought police, are not forms of mind control, is itself mind numbing" and "their [sic] is every reason to consider TMAP et al. mind control techniques" and "[New Freedom Commission is] the spearhead of the drug industry's endeavor to assert chemical control over an ever widening swath of the citizenry", to downplay or minimize this fervent belief is clearly not justified -- except from the presumption that whatever might reflect badly on certain parties should be downplayed and minimized for that very reason, a presumption that as we have seen is in fact counter to the principles of Wikipedia.

 * Oh, and by the way -- this accusation that you've thrown at me, concerning my "repeated pejorative use of the conspiracy label"? I had no idea that I was overusing that term.  In fact, I had no idea that I was using it at all.  So as a gesture of good faith, why don't you show me my most recent edits that include the term "conspiracy"?  I'd hate to think that you were making an accusation that would reflect badly on me if that accusation did not reflect reality. -- Antaeus Feldspar 21:56, 2 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Let's see, did I use the word "conspiracy" at User talk:Xoloz, as you alleged by editing my post? As it happens, no, a fact that anyone can verify for themselves.  Now, you could claim that I was somehow pejorative in stating that you believed that there was a campaign afoot against you to delete "your" articles in revenge for the fol-de-rol that's gone on concerning this article.  However, I am somehow puzzled; since this is in fact exactly the accusation that you have made against me in numerous places on Wikipedia, how exactly is it "pejorative" to acknowledge your allegations against me?  Let alone, of course, more pejorative than your accusations themselves? -- Antaeus Feldspar 04:29, 3 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Provoke, provoke, cry foul. Congratulations, you may be technically correct, but the pictures you 'paint' match the depiction.  In the future, it would be nice if you would work toward improving content rather than causing angst, inadvertentely or not.  The basic problem at hand is that the sentence you wish to insert lacks context and misrepresents the core concerns critics have about the commission.  Since you don't seem to take such concerns seriously, it seems odd that you intend to speak on behalf of critics regardless of how little you appreciate their POV.  Ombudsman 12:02, 3 August 2005 (UTC)

 * The opinions of certain anon(s) who have attacked the content of articles, for whom you have spoken on behalf of, have been reflected upon out of deference to you. It seems unfortunate that their words have been unjustly associated with you.  Fortunately for you, it is much easier to delete and/or criticize content than it is to make contributions.  Your several VfDs and apparently mischievous insertion of a sentence, apparently designed to cast critics of the prevailing biopsychiatry paradigm in a negative light, began subsequent to the rebuff you suffered when you did not succeed in deleting New Freedom from the mind control article.  Repairing the articles which you have chosen to target distracts greatly from attention that could better be spent on enhancing articles.  Assuming your good faith and responding to your insights has indeed prompted hasty responses, but since you have chosen to cast a wide net of targeted articles, you shouldn't be too surprised by having the views of those you support being lumped together with your pov.  Whether you choose to lay off a bit or not will make a big difference in the quality of articles you wish to collaborate on.  Perhaps you will take the course of moderation by concentrating a bit more on contributions to articles?  Ombudsman 06:21, 12 August 2005 (UTC)

 * As has already been explained, the sentence about which you quibble endlessly is not "designed to cast critics of the prevailing biopsychiatry paradigm in a negative light", it is designed to accurately reflect the views of those critics as they have expressed themselves. It is true that my personal opinion is that the proposed plans of the New Freedom Commission have little relevance to the subject of mind control.  However, when it became clear that a plurality of editors there believed there was a connection, and especially when it was clarified for me that critics of the plan not only consider it mind control but consider the notion that it isn't mind control, "itself mind-numbing", it became clear that this was important information which should not be left out of New Freedom Commission's article.

 * Your stated theories that I am a paid stooge of the drug industry, that I am a dedicated "deletionist", or that every edit I make to any article you have ever heard of is some sort of revenge on you for clarifying how critics of the New Freedom Commission consider it mind control, miss a much simpler theory: namely, that your edits and your articles just aren't very good.  And they're not.  I'm sure they would be excellent for a different wiki, one that welcomes POV forks and personal essays, but that wiki is not Wikipedia.  Would you like to talk about non-"collegial", non-collaborative editing?  Very well, let's talk about  someone who looked up Thought police and found that it was a redirect to Thoughtcrime, and instead of collaborating with other editors at Thoughtcrime, or even trying to convince other editors that there was a good reason to have Thought police as a separate article, just announced "permitting a redirect for this article is itself reminiscent of Thought crime police tactics" and turned Thought police into a POV fork.  Would you like to talk about "mischievous"?  Let's talk about someone who, when "his" article on moral compass was deleted per VfD consensus, with the only "redirect" votes specifying Morality or Guilt as the target of the redirect, chose instead to redirect it to ... Moral panic.  These are not the signs of an editor well-advised to start hurling stones. -- Antaeus Feldspar 00:00, 13 August 2005 (UTC)

Let's cut the anger down here "Opponents of the report claim that its objectives are to foster mind control of American citizens"

what??? i mean, can you write that hear, it's quite "crazy sounding"...

Orwell
Bush’s New Freedom Commission on Mental Health rhetoric is exactly what George Orwell called double plus good quackspeaker. See doublespeak. 04:14, 27 March 2006 (UTC)

Yeah, I was wondering if a link to Brave New World would be appropriate in this article. (not signed in) - Verditer

 * Nope. See WP:NPOV. -- Antaeus Feldspar 02:59, 27 June 2006 (UTC)

Well it's certainly appropriate, but not appropriate in a wikipedia sense.

 * I wouldn't be surprised if the connection has been made in some published source though. If someone else ties it in with 1984 or whatever there shouldn't be a problem with quoting them and linking it.--Eloil 11:56, 25 April 2007 (UTC)

WikiProject class rating
This article was automatically assessed because at least one WikiProject had rated the article as start, and the rating on other projects was brought up to start class. BetacommandBot 16:30, 10 November 2007 (UTC)

SERIOUS POV ISSUES HERE
The New Freedom Commission on Mental Health is "Recovery" oriented, it is person-centered and against the inhumane civil rights violations. The 22 members on the commission were anti-conservative, anti-psychiatry, and very pro-human rights. For people with those same views to slander the commission only demonstrates their jealously that they were not on the commission. Might I suggest you read the Commission on Mental Health Report before you criticise it. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Recoverypsychology (talk • contribs) 14:12, 26 February 2008 (UTC)

Excuse my newness to the process, but I signed up just to contribute to this article. Isn't there a way to officially dispute POV of an article? I don't know enough about editing to begin the process. I would be happy to contribute however, if someone else will take the lead. Dadarev (talk) 08:08, 27 August 2008 (UTC)Dadarev

Opinions
"It would appear that the commission has done extensive research in to the stigma and overall community ignorance with regards to mental health issues. [3] This public ignorance is often demonstrated in those untreated for their mental illness."

Really? Let's see a citation for that last sentence. This statement needs to be removed. People are not mentally ill because someone perceives them as "ignorant." Without a citation provided, this just looks like an attack. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 69.91.25.232 (talk) 03:37, 22 April 2009 (UTC)

Rewrote the section on the Commission's Recommendations
I have re-written the section on the commission's recommendations. I also added a working link to the actual final report. The previous version of this section did not reflect the actual recommendations of the report at all. My writeup is a bit basic, however. I simply listed a few of the recommendations that the report lists towards achieving its goals. It is by no means an exhaustive summary, but as a summary I think it's a good start. If I were going to add in more detail to some of their recommendations, these are the ones I'd have picked to do so. I might do so in the future, but for now I hope that this is at least a good improvement over the previous version. Hyperion35 (talk) 16:05, 13 December 2011 (UTC)

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Talk:World Aquatics

Policy On Eligibility For The Men’s And Women’s Competiton Categories
Reliable sources for 19 June 2022 vote

Press release at https://www.fina.org/news/2649715/press-release-fina-announces-new-policy-on-gender-inclusion

Policy document at https://resources.fina.org/fina/document/2022/06/19/525de003-51f4-47d3-8d5a-716dac5f77c7/FINA-INCLUSION-POLICY-AND-APPENDICES-FINAL-.pdf

Video of Budapest presentation and vote at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tiujU5nUq6A&t=6359s, beginning around 1:46:00

Rorybowman (talk) 14:58, 21 June 2022 (UTC)

Untitled
Is there a reason why the World Championships only started in 1973, while the federation was already founded in 1908 (65 years earlier)? 85.217.38.184 (talk) 00:51, 26 June 2013 (UTC)

207/208 countries?
The article claims that there are 208 members, but the total of the number of members on the various continents is only 207. Which country does not belong to any of the listed continents? Joreberg (talk) 16:01, 25 July 2016 (UTC)

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title: Talk:World Aquatics