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Eureka Seven

Eureka Seven, known in Japan as Psalms of Planets Eureka Seven (交響詩篇エウレカセブン), is a 2005 Japanese anime series created by Bones. The series was directed by Tomoki Kyoda, with series composition by Dai Satō, character designs by Kenichi Yoshida and music by Naoki Satō. Eureka Seven tells the story of Renton Thurston and the outlaw group Gekkostate, his relationship with the enigmatic mecha pilot Eureka, and the mystery of the Coralians. The fifty-episode series aired on MBS between April 2005 and April 2006. It was licensed by Funimation in North America, Madman Entertainment in Australia and New Zealand and by Anime Limited in the United Kingdom for English home video releases.

The series spawned six manga adaptations, a light novel, three video games and a feature-length anime film which was released in April 2009. One of the manga titled Eureka Seven: AO which was serialized in Monthly Shōnen Ace between January 2012 and October 2013, was further adapted into an anime series which aired twenty-four episodes between April and November 2012. Eureka Seven was well received by critics and earned several awards at numerous award shows in Japan, most notably the 2006 Tokyo International Anime Fair.

Setting

 * Scub Coral

 * Eureka Seven takes place in the year 12005 and it has been 10,000 years after humanity has made a mass exodus into space, due to the arrival of the Scub Coral (スカブ・コーラル), an intelligent, sentient life who merged with the planet, forcing the humans to abandon it. In the current timeline, the remnants of humanity are now settled on an unknown planet known as the Land of Kanan, but the majority of the surface of this planet is now covered by a rock-like surface formed by the Scub Coral. The theory that the Scub Coral is an intelligent life form was proposed by the scientist Adroc Thurston, who also claimed the Scub is looking for mutual co-existence with humanity. All theories and information about the Scub Coral being a sentient being are kept from the general population. In addition to being the surface of the planet, the Scub Coral has several physical manifestations, called Coralians (コーラリアン), that are observed throughout the series. These manifestations are either natural occurrences or a response to attacks from humans. The manifestations are:

 * Command Cluster Coralian
 * The Command Cluster is a large concentration of the Scub Coral which acts as the central mind for the rest of its "body". It stores all the information the Scub has collected over the last 10,000 years, and keeps the rest of the Scub Coral in a dormant state.

 * Kute-class Coralian
 * A Kute-class is massive sphere of concentrated energy that materializes suddenly in the skies. Though it is a rare natural occurrence, they can be artificially triggered by causing heavy damage to the Scub Coral. The disappearance of a Kute causes a massive release of energy, ravaging the surrounding landscape and lowering the Trapar count in the area to almost non-existent levels.

 * Antibody Coralians
 * Antibody Coralians are, as the name suggests, creatures created by the Scub Coral to destroy anything nearby that might be causing it harm. They are unleashed in massive swarms through a Kute-class Coralian when the Scub Coral is threatened or attacked. These antibodies can range in size from as small as a wheelbarrow, or as large as a bomber plane. Their shapes vary wildly, from eyeballs to flying slugs to giant hovering flower-like objects. Most forms are based on the sea creatures they absorbed when they just started their 'growth'. Their powers are: sending lasers in profusion from their bodies, thus being able to destroy large aircraft, burrowing into a victim's body and imploding it (unconfirmed), and creating a spherical void, which makes anything within its surface area to vanish. Antibody Coralians generally appear in response to deliberate attacks on the Scub Coral. They appear for 1246 seconds (20 minutes 46 seconds) - which is the amount of time the Seven Swell phenomenon is active. After those 1246 seconds, they crumble to dust. Their appearances are that of basic invertebrates such as flat worms, mollusks, and cnidaria. One of each kind appears in Another Century's Episode 3: The Final and Super Robot Wars Z.

 * Human-form Coralians
 * Human-form Coralians are beings created by the Scub Coral in the form of humans. They are regarded by scientists as emissaries of the Scub Coral, sent to learn about humanity. Humans have attempted to create their own artificial human-form Coralians, but the results are often less than satisfactory. As shown with Eureka in the sequel series, human-form Coralians are biologically capable of reproducing the same way as humans do; she gave birth to a daughter and son. However, due to her children being Human-Coralian hybrids, the high level of Trapar would be too dangerous for them.

 * Trapar waves and lifting
 * In Eureka Seven, as a result of the Scub Coral covering the planet, the atmosphere is permeated by an enigmatic energy known as Transparence Light Particles (トランサパランス・ライト・パーティクル), dubbed Trapar (トラパー) waves for short. Norbu, the Vodarac leader, states that all thought carries with it energy. As a result, a sentient life form on the scale of the Scub Coral produces a tremendous amount of energy. The most important use of Trapar energy is its use as a method of propulsion for flight-capable vehicles.
 * Though Trapar-propelled airships are relatively common, using Trapar waves for "lifting" (リフティング) is their predominant use. Lifting uses surfboard-like devices called "reflection boards" ("ref boards" (リフボード) for short) to ride Trapar waves in a manner similar to surfing, and is a popular sport in the series. The most grandiose use of Trapar—massive humanoid fightercraft—are a recent development, made possible by the discovery of bizarre alien life-forms within the Scub Coral.

Plot
The series focuses on Renton Thurston, the fourteen-year-old son of Adrock Thurston, a military researcher who died saving the world. He lives what he considers a boring life with his grandfather in a boring town. He loves lifting, a sport similar to surfing but with trapar, a substance abundant throughout the air, as the medium. He dreams of joining the renegade group Gekkostate, led by his idol Holland Novak, a legendary lifter. An opportunity to do so literally falls into his lap when a large mechanical robot, called the Nirvash type ZERO, and Eureka, its pilot and a member of Gekkostate, crash into Renton's room. Renton's grandfather orders him to deliver a special part to the Nirvash called the "Amita Drive", which releases the immense power dormant within the type ZERO called the "Seven Swell Phenomenon". Afterwards, Renton is invited to join Gekkostate, where he quickly discovers that the behind-the-scenes life of Gekkostate is hardly as glamorous or as interesting as printed in the glossy pages of their magazine, ray=out. Only one thing makes it all worthwhile for him: the presence of Eureka, the mysterious pilot of the Nirvash. Renton, Eureka, and the Gekkostate embark on an adventure that will shape their future as well as the world's.

Development
The series was made by Bones and co-produced by Bandai Entertainment. Bandai Entertainment provided the title and handled the creative aspects of the series. Bandai had originally proposed a mecha anime series to the animation studio Bones. The studio had initially rejected it, but later reversed its position because it had already planned to create an anime using mecha designs by Shoji Kawamori. With the appointment of director Tomoki Kyoda and writer Dai Satō, Bandai's proposal was more or less scrapped and the staff began work on their own series that would become Eureka Seven.

While conceptualizing Eureka Seven, Kyoda "wanted something that reflected the music and the subculture of his generation—and a love story." As such the show contains several references from music of the 1980s and the 1990s, and almost all of the show's episodes are named after real songs, composed by both Japanese and foreign artists.

The director wished to design the series as one that would at first focus on the personal elements and conflicts of the characters, then subsequently move the framework into a broader scale and perspective. The series' two halves each have their own very clear focus that reflects this design choice.

With the premise of the surfer robots in mind, Satō interviewed several real-life surfers and came to conclusion that they are close to nature. From this perception, he envisioned the environmental thematic as central point of the story. He said "I thought it might be an effective message for children, especially in Japan. It's pretty veiled. I didn't want to be preachy."

Anime
Eureka Seven consists of fifty episodes which aired from April 17, 2005, to April 2, 2006, on the Mainichi Broadcasting System and Tokyo Broadcasting System networks.

Eureka Seven was available for online viewing on the Adult Swim Fix, Adult Swim's online video service before its televised debut on the Adult Swim channel between April 16, 2006, and ended on April 29, 2007. Adult Swim traditionally cut down the opening and ending themes from each episode to fit the series to American television's time restraints, which resulted in the final episode's first airing having actual content cut from it as the episode originally had no theme song sequences; it was re-aired properly the following week. In Canada, Eureka Seven premiered on YTV's Bionix block on September 8, 2006.

Bandai Entertainment and its affiliates distributed the English version of Eureka Seven. It was released in the United States and Canada by Bandai Visual USA, in the United Kingdom by Beez Entertainment, and in Australia by Madman Entertainment. The first translated Region 1 DVD volume of the series was released on April 25, 2006, in the U.S., while the European Region 2 version was released on September 25, 2006. The English version was produced by Bang Zoom! Entertainment in Burbank, California. Following the 2012 closure of Bandai Entertainment, Funimation acquired the rights to the TV series and re-released the series on Blu-ray and DVD in 2014.

An anime sequel titled Eureka Seven: AO began airing on April 12, 2012, and ended on November 20, 2012. There is a total of 24 episodes. It has been released in Japan on Blu-ray and DVD, along with an OVA titled "The Flower Fields of Jungfrau". On May 16, 2013, Funimation announced the official release date in English dub. The first twelve dubbed episodes were released on DVD/Blu-ray on August 13, 2013, and the rest of the series released on October 15, 2013. On January 6, 2014, Manga Entertainment had released the first half of the series.

Music
Eureka Seven uses ten pieces of theme music. The opening themes of Eureka Seven are "Days" by Flow (episodes 1–13), "Shōnen Heart" (少年ハート) by Home Made Kazoku (episodes 14–26), "Taiyō no Mannaka e" (太陽の真ん中へ), by Bivattchee (episodes 27–32, 34–39) and "Sakura" by Nirgilis (episodes 40–49). The ending themes are "Himitsu Kichi" (秘密基地) by Kozue Takada (episodes 1–13, 26), "Fly Away", by Asami Izawa (episodes 14–25), "Tip Taps Tip", by Halcali (episodes 27–39) and "Canvas", by Coolon (episodes 40–49). The two insert songs are "Storywriter", by Supercar and "Niji" (虹), by Denki Groove (episode 50).

The soundtrack music is available on three different albums composed by Naoki Satō and a variety of other artists who composed insert songs used in the series. The first and second soundtrack albums were released on November 2, 2005 and April 5, 2006, respectively. The third soundtrack, titled Eureka Seven: Complete Best include the full-length versions of the opening and ending themes for both the series and game, as well as the insert song for the final episode.

The anime adaptation of Eureka Seven: AO uses six pieces of theme music. For the 13 first episodes, the opening theme is "Escape" performed by Hemenway and the ending theme is "stand by me" by Stereopony. Starting with episode 14, the opening theme changes to "Bravelue" (ブレイブルー) performed by FLOW and the ending theme changes to "Iolite" (アイオライト) performed by joy. The two insert songs are "Parallel Sign" and "Seven Swell", both performed by LAMA.

Manga
A manga adaptation of the original anime was created by Jinsei Kataoka and Kazuma Kondou. The manga was published by Kadokawa Shoten and began serialization in Monthly Shōnen Ace from the March 2005 issue and ended in the January 2007 issue, with a total of 23 chapters. The chapters were later compiled into six volumes. Viz Media published the manga digitally. A second manga titled Eureka Seven: Gravity Boys and Lifting Girl (エウレカセ ブン グラヴィティボーイズ&リフティングガール) by Miki Kizuki, features the protagonists of the video games New Wave and New Vision. It was published by Kadokawa Shoten and serialized in Comptiq magazine. Two volumes were released on November 7, 2005, and September 26, 2006, respectively. Viz Media also published this series digitally. A manga adapting a proposed alternative ending of the series, titled Psalms of Planets Eureka Seven New Order was serialized in Comptiq by Kadokawa Shoten between June 2012 and May 2013 and compiled into two volumes.

On December 22, 2011, Kadokawa Shoten's Monthly Shōnen Ace magazine announced that a sequel manga titled Eureka Seven: AO based on the sequel series would be launched in their January 2012 issue. It featured an original story by Bones and was illustrated by Yūichi Katō. The manga began in January 2012, and concluded in October 2013, with a total of 21 chapters spanning over five volumes. A spin-off manga titled Eureka Seven AO - Save a Prayer began in February in Kadokawa Shoten's Newtype A and concluded in June 2013, and focuses on a girl named Yuna and her two friends as they make their way from becoming trainees in Generation Bleu's Headquarters. It was compiled into two volumes. A manga titled Eureka Seven nAnO was published as a 4koma in Kadokawa Shoten's 4-koma Nano A from July 2012 to January 2013, and featured characters from the AO series. It was compiled into one volume.

Light novel
A light novel series written by Tomonori Sugihara and illustrated by Robin Kishiwada was published by Kadokawa Shoten under their male oriented Sneaker Bunko label in 2005 and 2006. Bandai Entertainment released all four volumed in English between 2009 and 2011. A novelization of the film Pocketful of Rainbows sharing the same name, also written by Tomonori Sugihara and illustrated by Hiroki Kazui and Seiji was released on May 1, 2009.

Video games
Eureka Seven has four video games, developed by Bandai and later Namco Bandai Games. The first to be released was Eureka Seven Vol. 1: The New Wave (エウレカセブン TR1:NEW WAVE), which was released in Japan on October 27, 2005, and in North America on October 24, 2006. The game features a different cast of characters and takes place two years before the anime. A sequel, Eureka Seven Vol. 2: The New Vision (エウレカセブン NEW VISION), was released in Japan on May 11, 2006, and in North America on April 17, 2007. New Vision takes place two years after the events of New Wave. Both games were released on the PlayStation 2 and feature the theme song "Realize", sung by Flow. A PlayStation Portable game sharing the same name of the anime was released on April 6, 2006, in Japan. This game is based on the events from the first half of the show. An action game based on the AO sequel series, Eureka Seven: AO Attack the Legend, was released on the PlayStation 3 on September 20, 2012.

Films
A theatrical adaptation, Eureka Seven: Good Night, Sleep Tight, Young Lovers (交響詩篇エウレカセブン ポケットが虹でいっぱい), was first announced in the May 2008 issue of Newtype; it was publicly released on April 25, 2009, during Golden Week, with the animation production handled by Kinema Citrus. It contained a new mythos in an alternative universe, despite still featuring Renton and Eureka as the main characters, and confirming the events of the original series happened in a parallel world. The main theme song for the film is "Space Rock", by iLL.

Good Night, Sleep Tight, Young Lovers screened at select theaters nationwide in the U.S. for a one night–only special event on September 24, 2009, courtesy of Fathom Events. The film also played at the Fantasia Festival in Montreal on July 28, 2009.

A second three-part theatrical adaptation, Eureka Seven: Hi-Evolution (交響詩篇エウレカセブン ハイエボリューション), was announced on March 17, 2017. The film trilogy takes place before and during the events of the original series, as well as having an original story. The first film, Eureka Seven: Hi-Evolution 1 (交響詩篇エウレカセブン ハイエボリューション1), was released on September 16, 2017. It shows the "First Summer of Love" phenomenon, previously only alluded to in the series and retells the "Charles and Ray" arc (mainly episodes 22–27) of the original. The second film, taking place in an alternative universe and focusing on Anemone, was released on November 10, 2018, under the title Anemone: Eureka Seven Hi-Evolution (ANEMONE/交響詩篇エウレカセブン ハイエボリューション). The last film, titled Eureka: Eureka Seven Hi-Evolution (EUREKA/交響詩篇エウレカセブン ハイエボリューション) was originally planned for release in 2019, but was delayed to early summer 2021. It was delayed again to November 26, 2021.

At Anime Boston, Masahiko Minami confirmed that the first film of the trilogy would premiere in Japan, the United States, the United Kingdom, France, Australia, Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, and Thailand in Fall 2017, and that Funimation would distribute the film in the United States. Madman Entertainment distributed the film in Australia and New Zealand. Anime Limited distributed the film in the UK. Odex distributed the film in Southeast Asian territories.

Reception
Towards the end of its original Japanese run, Eureka Seven won multiple awards at the 2006 Tokyo International Anime Fair, including Best Television Series, Best Screenplay for Dai Satō, and Best Character Designs for Kenichi Yoshida. Yoshida, the series' main animator and character designer, also received an individual award at the 10th Animation Kobe Awards in September 2005. The series also won an award at the 20th Digital Content Grand Prix in Japan in January 2006. At the Anime Expo 2006 SPJA Awards, Eureka Seven won the award for Best Television Series, and Best Female Character for Eureka. Anime Insider voted it "Best DVD Series of the Year" in 2006. During a conference in 2010, writer Dai Satō claimed that many anime fans dismissed Eureka Seven as a clone of Neon Genesis Evangelion without even watching it.

title: Eureka Seven


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Inírida, Guainía

Inírida, formerly Puerto Inírida, is the capital city, and a municipality, of the department of Guainía in Colombia. It was established in 1963 on the site of the small village of Obando, at the time in the municipality of San Felipe. The municipality was renamed in 1974. The municipal population of 31,514 (2018 census) is mostly indigenous and accounts for about a third of the department's population.

History
Prior to 1960 there was little development in the area, which was sparsely populated by almost entirely indigenous people. However, in the 1990s and 2000s, with increased exploitation of the area’s natural resources, efforts have been made to manage the local population.

Geography
Located in the llanos at the confluence of the Inírida River and Guaviare River, most of the territory of the municipality of Puerto Inírida is river terrace and bottomland, although there are some hills. It is 30 km from the Venezuelan border.

Climate
Inírida has a tropical rainforest climate (Köppen Af). It has heavy to very heavy rainfall year-round.

Economy
The main economic activities in the municipality, aside from government, are agriculture, fishing and cattle raising. Agriculture includes subsistence farming, the production of fiber from the petioles of the young chiquichiqui palm (Bactris speciosa), used for rope, and the rattan known as "Yaré" used for furniture and baskets.

Tourists visit for several activities including fishing, canoeing, sightseeing and hiking. Hotels and hostels have appeared as national and international visitors continue to come. Handicrafts have now become a popular industry, and are supported by government institutions.

Demographics
The society of Inírida is composed of 53% of indigenous people: Kurripacos, Puinaves and Piapocos. 30% are colonizers from the other parts of Colombia and 17% are other indigenous ethnic groups.

Airports
The local airport is César Gaviria Trujillo Airport, named in honor of a former Colombian president. As of 2007, its runway is serviced by two airlines, Satena, with three flights per week to and from Bogotá and two flights a week to and from Villavicencio, and Air Colombia twice a week from Villavicencio, through Barrancominas, Guainía and then arriving at Inírida. This airline operates a Douglas DC-3 which makes the trip without stopping. However, the San Fernando de Atabapo airport in Venezuela is just 30 km away. There is also a cargo airline that flies twice a week from Bogotà only. The airport was formerly known as Aeropuerto Obando.

It is also possible to get to Inírida by river, but the trip takes hours or days and costs almost as much as a flight.

Public transportation
With the arrival of more and more people, a public transportation mechanism has been established. Around 500 auto rickshaws provide an efficient and inexpensive means of transportation. The standard fare (which covers almost all the destinations within the town) is around US $.50. There are also mini-vans available for large groups; the fare remains US $.50 per person.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Inírida, Guainía


text:
Talk:Easy Action

a looked over work ??? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 69.203.117.99 (talk) 17:23, 20 May 2015 (UTC)

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Continual prayer

Perpetual prayer (Latin: laus perennis) is the Christian practice of continuous prayer carried out by a group.

History
The practice of perpetual prayer was inaugurated by the archimandrite Alexander (died about 430), the founder of the monastic Acoemetae or "vigil-keepers".

Laus perennis was imported to Western Europe at St. Maurice's Abbey in Agaunum, where it was carried on, day and night, by several choirs, or turmae, who succeeded each other in the recitation of the divine office, so that prayer went on without cessation. Called the Akoimetoi ("Sleepless Ones"), these monks prayed "a monastic round of twenty-four offices to fill every hour." The inauguration of laus perennis at Agaunum c. 515 was the occasion of a solemn ceremony, and of a sermon by St. Avitus which survives. The "custom of Agaunum", as it came to be called, spread over Gaul, to Lyons, Châlons, the Abbey of Saint Denis, to Luxeuil, Saint-Germain at Paris, Saint Medard at Soissons, to Saint-Riquier, and was taken up by the monks of Remiremont Abbey and Laon Abbey, though the Abbey of Agaunum had ceased to practice it from the beginning of the ninth century.

Perpetual adoration
The various Roman Catholic orders of nuns dedicated to the perpetual adoration of the Blessed Sacrament may be seen as a modern variation on this theme, because in addition to the usual complete daily liturgical celebration of the Eucharist and Divine Office, these monastic communities also observe a perpetual adoration of the Blessed Sacrament, which usually involves having at least two members of the monastic community always being present in prayerful, silent contemplation of the Blessed Sacrament (i.e., a consecrated Host) exposed to view in a monstrance on the altar of the principal chapel. These monastic communities may themselves see their particular vocation as a part of a larger, more traditional monastic order, such as the Benedictine Sisters of Perpetual Adoration in Clyde, Missouri.

Present day
The first known Protestant continuous prayer was the "Hourly Intercession" of the Moravian Brethren in Herrnhut, Saxony. Beginning in 1727, the prayer continued 24 hours a day every day uninterrupted for over 100 years. The Moravian Unity began this continuous prayer vigil anew in 1957 as part of their 500th anniversary observance.

Today, perpetual prayer is a common practice in many churches. Often the term 24-7 prayer is used to express that the prayer continues 24 hours 7 days a week. A notable example of current day perpetual prayer is the Jerusalem House of Prayer, International House of Prayer in Kansas City as well as other prayer houses such as the Justice House of Prayer that were inspired by this ministry. Many churches organize 24-7 prayer weeks that last for one or several weeks.

Also, many of the Cursillo, Walk to Emmaus and other similar Three Day and 4th Day Movements employ a similar laus perennis model during the actual retreats as 4th Day members who have already attended the events sign up for and maintain a continuous prayer clock throughout each retreat of each community with specific prayers for each new participant, or pilgrim.

title: Continual prayer


text:
Talk:Killer (Alice Cooper album)

2023 expanded remaster
Article should be updated to reflect this, and some summaries from the CD notes. 2603:6080:21F0:6140:CC60:8A9F:F7F9:B96F (talk) 06:05, 9 March 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Killer (Alice Cooper album)


text:
User talk:Aldux

The Bugle: Issue 213, January 2024
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The Bugle: Issue 214, February 2024
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CS1 error on List of editiones principes in Latin
Hello, I'm Qwerfjkl (bot). I have automatically detected that this edit performed by you, on the page List of editiones principes in Latin, may have introduced referencing errors. They are as follows: Please check this page and fix the errors highlighted. If you think this is a false positive, you can [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?action=edit&preload=User:Qwerfjkl/Botpreload&editintro=User:Qwerfjkl/boteditintro&minor=&title=User_talk:Qwerfjkl&preloadtitle=Qwerfjkl%20(bot)%20–%20Aldux&section=new&preloadparams%5b%5d=&preloadparams%5b%5d=1210116782 report it to my operator]. Thanks, Qwerfjkl (bot) (talk) 02:19, 25 February 2024 (UTC)
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GA
Could you possibly add Haile Selassie page as a GA class military article? It has passed the GA review in 2024 and the last time it was checked and was classed C class was in 2023 or before, so could you possibly add it as a GA class since it has passed the review for a month or so by now CtasACT (talk) 02:24, 15 April 2024 (UTC)

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Arzew

Arzew or Arzeu (أرزيو, ) is a port city in Algeria, 25 miles (40 km) from Oran. It is the capital of Arzew District, Oran Province.

Antiquity
Like the rest of North Africa, the site of modern-day Arzew was originally inhabited by the Berbers. Arzew's original Berber population came mainly from the nearby town of Bethioua, families from nearby Mostaganem, Kabyles, that were deported there.

Nearby Bethioua was the Portus Magnus ("Great Port") under the Roman Empire, although the name was used on Arzew's coat of arms under French colonial rule. Portus Magnus was a Roman colony or otherwise received citizen status and exported grain and salt. Arsenaria was a nearby settlement 3 Roman miles (c. 4.4km) inland from the sea. Portus Magnus was destroyed during the Vandal conquest of northwest Africa in AD 429 or 430 but saw some use by the Byzantines after their 6th-century recovery of the area, leaving some Christian remains. After the 7th-century Islamic conquest, the site seems to have been entirely abandoned, El Bekri describing "Arzao" as having only empty Roman ruins c. 1068. The Almohads refounded the port as Bethioua in 1162. Under the Ziyanids, this port near Tlemcen was renamed Marsa Ben Zian ("Port of the Sons of Zian"). The Roman relics remaining at Bethioua into the early modern period were mostly removed to the provincial museum at Oran during the 19th and 20th centuries.

French Algeria
During the French conquest of Algeria, a French force from Oran marched east to capture Marsa on 10 July 1833. The French army then used the area as a logistics hub, including during the Battle of Macta.

Upon the Treaty of Desmichels, Arzew was organized as part of French Algeria, initially under the spelling Arzowe. King Louis-Philippe ordered the establishment of the port of Arzew (Arzew Le Port) on 12 August 1845. French colonists settled the area, which was declared a commune on 31 December 1856. Many Spanish immigrants also came, and Arzew became a hub for the production and export of esparto, a kind of grass used for cording. The town was badly damaged by an earthquake in 1912. The area was important during Operation Torch, the Allied invasion of North Africa during World War II.

During the Algerian War of Independence, the city hosted one of the two SDECE French intelligence CIPCGs (Centre d'instruction à la pacification et à la contre-guérilla [ fr ] ), bases used for counter-guerilla and pacification work.

Modern Algeria
After the independence of Algeria in 1962, Arzew became an important port and industrial area, home to a refinery exporting LNG (liquified natural gas), as well as a fleet of small fishing boats to work the local waters.

Culture
During the French colonial era, the settlers introduced a Roman Catholic celebration on August 15 -Assumption of Mary day- known as the "Procession of the Virgin" (la Procession de la Vierge).

title: Arzew


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Showtime (Buffy the Vampire Slayer)

"Showtime" is the eleventh episode of the seventh and final season of the television series Buffy the Vampire Slayer. The episode aired on January 7, 2003 on UPN.

Plot
A young woman gets off a bus at a bus station at night and heads to a payphone to find the number for Buffy Summers. Before she can find the number, she is cornered by some of the Bringers, but before they can attack, Buffy arrives and rescues the young Potential Slayer. Once Buffy disposes of the Bringers, Buffy welcomes the frightened woman, Rona, to Sunnydale. At the Summers house, Willow struggles to sleep on the floor of her room while Kennedy talks about her luxurious childhood, prompts Willow to do some magic and repeatedly attempts to get Willow to join her on the bed, making Willow uncomfortable.

Downstairs, Molly tells several new Slayers-in-Training about the recently killed Anabelle. Buffy arrives with Rona and the gang is updated on the recent activities and findings. The worried gang lacks answers to most of their current problems like destroying the Turok-Han and rescuing Spike from the First Evil. Giles suggests they seek answers from an oracle-like creature known as Beljoxa's Eye. Down in the cave where he is kept prisoner, Spike fantasizes about escaping his torture and being rescued by Buffy, only to return to reality where the First in Buffy's form is waiting for him.

Giles and Anya go together to meet with a demon, named Torg, about Beljoxa's Eye. After some careful persuasion, Torg opens up a dimensional portal for the both of them to pass through. On the other side, they find themselves in a dark, windy dimension and soon come face-to-face with a caged mass of eyes, the Beljoxa's Eye, which tells them that the First Evil cannot be destroyed and that its mission exists now because of a disruption in the Slayer's line, which was in fact, caused by the Slayer. Anya and Giles return to their home dimension and Giles explains that the disturbance in the Slayer line was Buffy's revival from death. Anya realizes that the First would not be targeting them had they never resurrected Buffy.

As Andrew is freed from his bonds in return for his co-operation, Willow gets a call from a member of the Coven in England, and informs Buffy about another Potential Slayer in town and Buffy rushes off with Xander to pick the girl up before the Bringers do. The Slayers-in-Training work out in the basement of Buffy's house and thanks to some depressing comments from Eve, they talk about the seemingly insurmountable challenge they are facing and being called as a Slayer. Buffy and Xander knock at the room where the latest Potential Slayer is staying. When no one answers, Buffy kicks the door in and they find a dead blond girl lying on the ground. Upon closer inspection, they find that the girl is Eve and she has been dead for days. Realizing that the Eve who is with them is actually the First, Buffy and Xander return to the house and go down to the basement, where they tell "Eve" to get away from the others. The First finally reveals itself and with some thanks for all the information over the past few days and threatening comments about the future, then disappears. The gang, all worried after the frightening invasion by the First, talk about what they are going to do. Buffy tries to keep the Potentials calm, but they continue to worry about whether they are prepared to handle anything that lies before them. Buffy and Willow exchange glances and then both leave the dining room, followed by a confused Xander while the others continue to panic.

Back in the cave, the First approaches the Turok-Han as Eve and sends him out to kill everyone except "her". A crowd of Bringers forms outside Buffy's house that night, but do nothing but keep the Potentials from leaving. Buffy disperses weapons to the gang as they all wait for the expected attack of the Turok-Han. Willow practices some simple magic to see if the First would go after her again. Kennedy interrupts and is intrigued by Willow's skills and her past struggles with it. Willow warns her that the evil magic she has been exposed to in the past is not something Kennedy wants to see.

The Turok-Han charges at the house and breaks the front door down. Willow puts up a barrier that keeps the vampire at bay, but it is almost too much for Willow and Buffy instructs everyone to run out the back. The gang encounters Bringers in the backyard, but they are destroyed and the gang runs off as the Turok-Han finally breaks through Willow's magical barrier. The gang runs down the street together and then Buffy tells them to break up. Willow and Xander lead the Potentials as well as Dawn and Andrew to a safe location while Buffy turns and attacks the Turok-Han. After a brief struggle, Buffy runs and tries to get the vampire to follow her.

Xander leads the way through a construction site, which the Potentials find to be an extremely exposed and unsafe location for them hiding at. The Turok-Han appears, proving that it decided to go after the easier Potentials instead of Buffy. Kennedy prepares to attack the vampire, but then bright lights flood the site and Buffy appears as the Potential Slayers move back to watch from a distance. Buffy tells the ubervamp that he will help her set an example for the other girls and begins a fight. A vicious battle ensues, but the ubervamp again proves to be stronger. As Dawn watches, she realizes aloud that Willow and Buffy planned everything as a teaching tool. A quick flashback to the panic-filled discussion at the house earlier shows that at the moment that Buffy, Willow and Xander left the others, the three were communicating telepathically about a plan to destroy the ubervamp and boost morale of the others at the same time.

The Potentials begin to worry as Buffy ends up on the losing end of the fight, but Willow tells them to wait. Just in time, Buffy turns things around and strikes the ubervamp with a few harmful blows. Buffy finally grabs a wire to wrap around the vampire's neck and pulls until she beheads the creature, turning it to dust. The Turok-Han dusted, the bruised and blood-splattered Buffy ends her teachings for the day and leads the newly confident Slayers-in-Training back home. In the cave, Spike tries to tell off Buffy as she stands before him with a knife in hand, thinking that she is the First. Buffy cuts away his bonds as Spike wraps his arm around her, realizing it is actually the real Buffy. She helps the sobbing vampire out of the cave.

Reception
Vox, ranking it at #76 of all 144 episodes on their "Worst to Best" list, writes, "'Showtime' features one of Buffy's strongest inspirational speeches, delivered mid-Thunderdome-style beatdown on a Turok-Han. It's a solid action set piece that goes a long way toward relieving the monotony of mid-season seven, and Buffy's telepathic conversation with Willow and Xander helps recenter the show's focus on their friendship in the middle of a season of growing distance."

In 2023, Rolling Stone, ranked this episode as #76 out of the 144 episodes in honor of 20th anniversary of the show ending.

title: Showtime (Buffy the Vampire Slayer)


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File:Marco Polo Doctor Who screenshot.jpg

Image from the Doctor Who serial Marco Polo:

Marco Polo, Susan, Doctor, Ian (Mark Eden, Carole Ann Ford, William Hartnell, William Russell) Source: http://shillpages.com/dw/story-1.shtml : the copyright page http://shillpages.com/dw/copyrt.htm declares that the images are free for use in any non-profit purpose in association with Doctor Who. The image is being used in article about a Doctor Who serial.

Fair use for Image in Marco Polo (Doctor Who)
Though this image is subject to copyright, its use is covered by the U.S. fair use laws because:
 * 1) The screenshot is of lower resolution and quality than the original video (copies made from it will be of inferior quality). The BBC have acknowledged that they wiped the original video.
 * 2) No free or public domain images have been located for this content. Marco Polo is acknowledged by the BBC to be lost media.
 * 3) The screenshot does not limit the copyright owners' rights to distribute the show or DVDs in any way. No DVD can be distributed as the media is lost.
 * 4) The screenshot is intended to represent the nature of the show. Its inclusion in the article is important as an example of an element specifically detailed in the article.
 * 5) The screenshot is being used for informational purposes only, and its use is not believed to detract from the original show or DVD in any way. No DVD can be distributed as the media is lost.

Source

 * 1) Derived from a digital capture from the film/ TV show discussed in this article (creator of this digital version is irrelevant as the copyright in all equivalent images is still held by the same party). Copyright held by the record company or the artist. Claimed as fair use regardless.


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Riohacha

Riohacha (Wayuu: Süchiimma) is a city in the Riohacha Municipality in the northern Caribbean Region of Colombia by the mouth of the Ranchería River and the Caribbean Sea. It is the capital city of the La Guajira Department. It has a sandy beach waterfront.

Founded by conquistador Nikolaus Federmann in 1535, Riohacha was named after a local legend, "The legend of the Axe". Because of the powerful rain shadow of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, the area is mostly desertic. It is inhabited primarily by Amerindians, predominantly the Wayuu ethnic group. During colonial times, Riohacha was a very important port, as divers could retrieve vast numbers of pearls from the harbor.

In the second half of the 20th century, the city developed as one of Colombia's medium important, maritime commercial ports. It is also a multicultural center for La Guajira Department. The city is mentioned several times in novels written by Colombian writer Gabriel García Márquez, who won the Nobel Prize in Literature. Among his important works are One Hundred Years of Solitude, Love in the Time of Cholera, and Chronicle of a Death Foretold.

Place Name
The place name Riohacha has existed since the same period of the Spanish land conquest and colonization in La Guajira (1526-1536). There are three different hypotheses about its origin, all of them related to the exploration of the area of the mouth of a river in the middle part of the La Guajira Peninsula. The first hypothesis recounts the rescue that a young indigenous man makes of a lost and thirsty Spanish battalion, guiding them towards the encounter with the river; as a reward, the captain gives the native an axe and baptizes the place as El Río de La Hacha. The second hypothesis speaks of the same Spanish battalion whose Captain loses his emblematic axe when crossing said river; as a consolation he baptizes it Río de La Hacha. The third hypothesis documents the discovery of a beautiful axe buried on the river bank by a battalion of European explorers, who until now believed they were the first to arrive at that place. In this way, they called it Río de la Hacha.

The word Süchiimma means, in the Wayuunaiki language, Land of the River: Süchii (river) and Mma (land). The city is also known as Portal de Perlas (alluding to its pearl origin), the Capital of the Magical Arreboles (the most beautiful sunsets in the Colombian Caribbean) and the Mestiza del Nordeste (for its rich multiculturalism and the Trade Winds of the Northeast).

History
The Riohacha area was long inhabited by American Indians of the Wayuu culture, part of the larger Arawak group. The first European to visit the area was the Spanish sailor Alonso de Ojeda in 1498, though he never landed. A short time later, Juan de la Cosa, another Spanish explorer, landed on what is today called Cabo de la Vela (Cape of the Sail, so called because of its shape). In 1535, the German explorer Nikolaus Federmann founded a city with the name Nuestra Señora Santa Maria de los Remedios del Cabo de la Vela (Our Lady Saint Mary of the Remedies of the Cape of the Sail) at the place where de la Cosa had landed.

The Spanish discovered a vast amount of pearls in the city's area. This treasure frequently attracted raids by pirates. After the city was destroyed by a pirate raid, the city government relocated the city to the mouth of the Ranchería River, in order to confuse the pirates, and to give the city time to rebuild before the next attack. The new city, named Nuestra Señora de los Remedios del Río de la Hacha (Our Lady of the Remedies), expanded peacefully for a short time in its new location. Pirate attacks soon resumed. The next major attack, led by the famous English privateer Francis Drake, took place in 1569, when Drake pillaged the city searching for gold and pearls.

In the 18th century, Riohacha was incorporated to the Viceroyalty of New Granada as part of the province of Santa Marta. During the battles for independence from Spain, the port of Riohacha served many vessels fighting for Colombian and Venezuelan independence. Many Riohachans also served in the revolutionary navy, most notably Admiral José Prudencio Padilla, who would come to be considered a hero in the revolutions of Colombia and Venezuela.

In 1954, Riohacha City acquired municipality status, and in 1964 was declared capital of the new La Guajira Department.

Culture

 * The National Festival of the Dividivi is celebrated every year from June 29 to July 1. The last day celebrates the creation of the Department of La Guajira.

Transportation
Riohacha has one airport, the Almirante Padilla Airport. It serves airlines covering the route to and from the Colombian capital city Bogotá, the near cities of Valledupar and Santa Marta, and the Caribbean resort island of Aruba. In September 2016 the low-cost carrier Easy Fly initiated service between Riohacha and Barranquilla.

Climate
Riohacha, owing to the rain shadow of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, has a semi-arid climate (Köppen BSh), which owing to the extremely torrid temperatures is not that far above an arid climate despite receiving as much as 546 mm of rainfall per year. In stark contrast to temperate climates with even less rainfall that maintain lush environments, the hot temperatures cause a steppe-like environment. The rain falls almost exclusively in May and between August and November, and for the rest of the year there are a mere thirteen wet days out of 212 in an average year. Despite the lack of rainfall, humidity is high year round and adds to the uncomfortable heat.

Notable people

 * Luis Antonio Robles Suárez, first Afro-Colombian lawyer and politician.

title: Riohacha


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Looking Glass server

Looking Glass servers (LG servers) are servers on the Internet running one of a variety of publicly available Looking Glass software implementations. They are commonly deployed by autonomous systems (AS) to offer access to their routing infrastructure in order to facilitate debugging network issues. A Looking Glass server is accessed remotely for the purpose of viewing routing information. Essentially, the server acts as a limited, read-only portal to routers of whatever organization is running the LG server.

Typically, Looking Glass servers are run by autonomous systems like Internet service providers (ISPs), Network Service Providers (NSPs), and Internet exchange points (IXPs).

Implementation
Looking glasses are web scripts directly connected to routers' admin interfaces such as telnet and SSH. These scripts are designed to relay textual commands from the web to the router and print back the response. They are often implemented in Perl, PHP, and Python,  and are publicly available on GitHub.

Security concerns
A 2014 paper demonstrated the potential security concerns of Looking Glass servers, noting that even an "attacker with very limited resources can exploit such flaws in operators' networks and gain access to core Internet infrastructure", resulting in anything from traffic disruption to global Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) route injection. This is due in part because looking glass servers are "an often overlooked critical part of an operator infrastructure" because it sits at the intersection of the public internet and "restricted admin consoles". As of 2014, most Looking Glass software was small and old, having last been updated in the early 2000's.

title: Looking Glass server


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/ExtraLife

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete. CDC  (talk)  00:22, 26 July 2005 (UTC)

ExtraLife
del. nonnotable. mikka (t) 20:44, 13 July 2005 (UTC)

keep. It's a very valid entry, and the webcomic has a large web presence. Google up Extra Life and this webcomic is the first result. Impressive noting how long this term, taken in a gaming related sense, has been around. Many other web-comics have a presence on Wikipedia at the moment as well. 24.61.90.121 21:36, 13 July 2005 (UTC)

keep. Does this webcomic not fit the Alternate Proposal listed on this page? http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WP:COMIC AfterSpencer 13:25, 14 July 2005 (UTC) keep with over 100,000 unique visitors per month and a lage 'industry-insider' fan base, I'd say that it is not "non-notable". Keep it. (Unsigned vote by )
 * Archive does go back a while, but Alexa of 470,004 is well below proposed guideline of WP:COMIC. #283 at The Web Comic List.  I vote Delete.  Dcarrano 23:45, July 13, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. One of way too many somewhat successful webcomics about gamers and geeks. There is nothing unique in the subject matter or, as far as I can tell in a brief scan, in the execution. Although at least the art for this one is decent. -Aranel (" Sarah ") 00:17, 14 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete as per Dcarrano--nixie 04:29, 14 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete non notable webcomic. JamesBurns 09:06, 14 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment The 3 month average for ExtraLife is twice what is listed in the proposed guideline WP:COMIC "If the web comic has a 3-month average traffic above 200,000..." ExtraLife is at 470,004 as of today. AfterSpencer 18:56, 14 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Nope, it means the opposite: the # represents, not the raw amount of traffic, but the rank relative to other websites (#1 is Yahoo, for instance). So a higher number is worse.  Dcarrano 19:31, July 14, 2005 (UTC)
 * Thank you for the clarification. AfterSpencer 19:55, 14 July 2005 (UTC)
 * This is confusing. You aren't the first one to get it mixed up. I'm changing the wording of the guideline to read "better than 200,000" so that it is more clear what is meant. -Aranel (" Sarah ") 15:31, 15 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. I agree with Aranel and Dcarrano. Sjakkalle (Check!)  11:57, 25 July 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


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San José del Guaviare

San José del Guaviare is a town and municipality in Colombia, capital of the department of Guaviare by the Guaviare River. It is home to some of the deisolated Nunak people.

title: San José del Guaviare


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Mains hum

Mains hum, electric hum, cycle hum, or power line hum is a sound associated with alternating current which is twice the frequency of the mains electricity. The fundamental frequency of this sound is usually double that of fundamental 50/60Hz, i.e., 100/120Hz, depending on the local power-line frequency. The sound often has heavy harmonic content above 50/60Hz. Because of the presence of mains current in mains-powered audio equipment as well as ubiquitous AC electromagnetic fields from nearby appliances and wiring, 50/60Hz electrical noise can get into audio systems, and is heard as mains hum from their speakers. Mains hum may also be heard coming from powerful electric power grid equipment such as utility transformers, caused by mechanical vibrations induced by magnetostriction in magnetic core. Onboard aircraft (or spacecraft) the frequency heard is often higher pitched, due to the use of 400 Hz AC power in these settings because 400 Hz transformers are much smaller and lighter.

Causes
Electric hum around transformers is caused by stray magnetic fields causing the enclosure and accessories to vibrate. Magnetostriction is a second source of vibration, in which the core iron changes shape minutely when exposed to magnetic fields. The intensity of the fields, and thus the "hum" intensity, is a function of the applied voltage. Because the magnetic flux density is strongest twice every electrical cycle, the fundamental "hum" frequency will be twice the electrical frequency. Additional harmonics above 100/120Hz will be caused by the non-linear behavior of most common magnetic materials.

Around high-voltage power lines, hum may be produced by corona discharge.

In the realm of sound reinforcement (as in public address systems and loudspeakers), electric hum is often caused by induction. This hum is generated by oscillating electric currents induced in sensitive (high gain or high impedance) audio circuitry by the alternating electromagnetic fields emanating from nearby mains-powered devices like power transformers. The audible aspect of this sort of electric hum is produced by amplifiers and loudspeakers (note that this is not to be confused with acoustic feedback).

The other major source of hum in audio equipment is shared impedances; when a heavy current is flowing through a conductor (a ground trace) that a small-signal device is also connected to. All practical conductors will have a finite, if small, resistance, and the small resistance present means that devices using different points on the conductor as a ground reference will be at slightly different potentials. This hum is usually at the second harmonic of the power line frequency (100 Hz or 120 Hz), since the heavy ground currents are from AC to DC power supplies that rectify the mains waveform. (See also ground loop.)

In vacuum tube equipment, one potential source of hum is current leakage between the heaters and cathodes of the tubes. Another source is direct emission of electrons from the heater, or magnetic fields produced by the heater. Tubes for critical applications may have the heater circuit powered by direct current to prevent this source of hum.

Leakage of analogue video signals can give rise to hum sounding very similar to mains hum.

Prevention
It is often the case that electric hum at a venue is picked up via a ground loop. In this situation, an amplifier and a mixing desk are typically at some distance from one another. The chassis of each item is grounded via the mains earth pin, and is also connected along a different pathway via the conductor of a shielded cable. As these two pathways do not run alongside each other, an electrical circuit in the shape of a loop is formed. The same situation occurs between musical instrument amplifiers on stage and the mixing desk. To fix this, stage equipment often has a "ground lift" switch which breaks the loop. Another solution is to connect the source and destination through a 1:1 isolation transformer, called variously audio humbucker or iso coil. An extremely deadly option is to break contact with the ground wire by using an AC ground lift adapter or by breaking the earth pin off the power plug used at the mixing deck. Depending on the design and layout of the audio equipment, lethal voltages between the (now isolated) ground at the mixing desk and earth ground can then develop. Any contact between the AC line live terminals and the equipment chassis will energize all the cable shields and interconnected equipment.

Humbucking
Humbucking is a technique of introducing a small amount of line-frequency signal so as to cancel any hum introduced, or otherwise arrange to electrically cancel the effect of induced line frequency hum.

Humbucking is a process in which "hum" that is causing objectionable artifacts, generally in audio or video systems, is reduced. In a humbucker electric guitar pickup or microphone, two coils are used instead of one; they are arranged in opposing polarity so that AC hum induced in the two coils will cancel, while still giving a signal for the movement of the guitar strings or diaphragm.

In certain vacuum-tube radio receivers, a winding on the dynamic speaker field coil was connected in series with the power supply to help cancel any residual hum.

Some other common applications of this process are:
 * Humbucking transformers or coils used in video systems.
 * Telephone (and other audio) system and computer communications wiring.

In music
In musical instruments, hum is usually treated as a nuisance, and various electrical modifications are made to eliminate it. For instance, humbucker pickups on electric guitars are designed to "buck" or reduce the hum. Sometimes hum is used creatively, for example in dub and glitch music.

John Lennon demos
In the late 1970s, former Beatle John Lennon recorded some demo songs at his and Yoko Ono's Dakota apartment. These demos did not see any official release at the time, nor were they properly recorded for Double Fantasy or its follow-up Milk and Honey, but they did spread as bootlegs amongst Lennon fans.

In the mid-1990s, as part of the Beatles anthology series, the three surviving members, Paul McCartney, George Harrison, and Ringo Starr, regrouped to record initially incidental music for the albums, but decided to rework some John Lennon demos instead. Several demos were given to McCartney from Ono, the most notable being "Free as a Bird", "Real Love", and "Now and Then".

Of the demos received, only the aforementioned three were worked on. Of the three, "Real Love" and "Now and Then" were the most difficult to work on as, compared to "Free as a Bird"; both contained a prominent 60-cycle mains hum, as a result of the cheap recording equipment Lennon used to record the demos. While the mains hum was removed from "Real Love", it was noticeably louder on "Now and Then", which made it much harder to remove. This, and to a much bigger extent, Harrison's distaste for that particular demo, lead to it being scrapped altogether, although reports circulated in the years since that McCartney was hoping to finish it. In 2009, a version of Lennon's demo, supposedly without the mains hum that hampered the Beatles version, appeared as a bootleg. In 2023, the mains hum was finally removed thanks to Peter Jackson's sound source separation technology, and the track was released on November 2, 2023.

In audio systems
Power line hum can be alleviated using a band-stop filter.

In video systems
In analog video, mains hum can be seen as hum bars, (bands of slightly different brightness) scrolling vertically up the screen. Broadcast television frame rates are chosen to match the line frequency, to minimize the disturbance these bars cause to the picture. A hum bar can be caused by a ground loop in cables carrying analog video signals, poor power supply smoothing, or magnetic interference with the cathode ray tube.

In forensics
Electrical network frequency (ENF) analysis is a forensic technique for validating audio recordings by comparing frequency changes in background mains hum in the recording with long-term high-precision historical records of mains frequency changes from a database. In effect the mains hum signal is treated as a time-dependent digital watermark that can be used to find when the recording was created, and to help to detect any edits in the sound recording.

title: Mains hum


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Oxygen tank

An oxygen tank is an oxygen storage vessel, which is either held under pressure in gas cylinders, referred to in the industry as high pressure oxygen cylinders, or as liquid oxygen in a cryogenic storage tank.

Uses
Oxygen tanks are used to store gas for:

 * medical breathing (oxygen therapy) at medical facilities and at home (high pressure cylinder)
 * breathing at altitude in aviation, either in a decompression emergency, or constantly (as in unpressurized aircraft), usually in high pressure cylinders
 * oxygen first aid sets, in small portable high pressure cylinders
 * gas blending, for mixing breathing gases such as nitrox, trimix and heliox
 * open-circuit scuba sets - mainly used for accelerated decompression in technical diving, in high pressure cylinders
 * some types of diving rebreather: oxygen rebreathers and fully closed circuit rebreathers, usually in high pressure cylinders
 * use in climbing, "Bottled oxygen" refers to oxygen in lightweight high pressure cylinders for mountaineering
 * industrial processes, including the manufacture of steel and monel
 * oxyacetylene welding equipment, glass lampworking torches, and some gas cutting torches, usually in high pressure cylinders
 * use as liquid rocket propellants for rocket engines, usually as liquid oxygen at ambient pressure
 * athletes, specifically on American football sidelines, to expedite recovery after exertion, in high-pressure cylinders.

Breathing oxygen is delivered from the storage tank to users by use of the following methods: oxygen mask, nasal cannula, full face diving mask, diving helmet, demand valve, oxygen rebreather, built in breathing system (BIBS), oxygen tent, and hyperbaric oxygen chamber.

Contrary to popular belief most scuba divers do not carry oxygen tanks. The vast majority of divers breathe air or nitrox stored in a diving cylinder. A small minority breathe trimix, heliox or other exotic gases. Some may carry pure oxygen for accelerated decompression or as supply gas to a rebreather. Some shallow divers, particularly naval combat divers, use oxygen rebreathers, and they use a small oxygen cylinder to provide the gas.

Oxygen is rarely held at pressures higher than 20 MPa, due to the risks of fire triggered by high temperatures caused by adiabatic heating when the gas changes pressure when moving from one vessel to another. Medical use liquid oxygen airgas tanks are typically 2.4 MPa.

All equipment coming into contact with high pressure oxygen must be "oxygen clean" and "oxygen compatible", to reduce the risk of fire. "Oxygen clean" means the removal of any substance that could act as a source of ignition. "Oxygen compatible" means that internal components must not burn readily or degrade easily in a high pressure oxygen environment.

In some countries there are legal and insurance requirements and restrictions on the use, storage and transport of pure oxygen. Oxygen tanks are normally stored in well-ventilated locations, far from potential sources of fire and concentrations of people.

title: Oxygen tank


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Flowery Field Cricket Club

Flowery Field Cricket Club, established in 1838, is a cricket club located in the Flowery Field area of Hyde, Greater Manchester.

title: Flowery Field Cricket Club


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Heads up, seven up

Heads up, seven up (sometimes called thumbs up, seven up, or heads down, or heads down thumbs up) is a game where each selected participant with their hands raised has to guess who tapped their heads. It is played traditionally in elementary schools.

Gameplay
To start the game, seven or another number of individuals are selected and come to the front of the room. The selected player says, "Heads down, thumbs up!" or "Heads down all around!" The participants who remain in their seats are to put their heads on the table/desk with their eyes closed and keep one thumb up. The chosen "seven up" children then circulate around the room, secretly pressing down one thumb each and then returning to the front of the room. A variation is simply tapping the person. This part of the game takes about one minute.

The selected player then calls, "Heads up, seven up!" or "Heads up, stand up!" All participants raise their heads and the participants whose thumbs were pressed stand up. Each in turn names the person they think pressed their thumb or tapped their head. If they guess correctly, the guesser takes the place of the person who pressed their thumb at the front of the classroom, and the person who pressed their thumb returns to their seat. If the person whose thumb was pressed guessed incorrectly, they sit down. The game then starts again.

Participants who guess later in the seven have an advantage, especially if one or more pickers have been eliminated. To make the game fair, the teacher can alternate the order in which the participants are called each time (such as from the front of the classroom to back, or left to right, or some other pattern).

History
The origin of this elementary school game being played in American classrooms goes back to at least the 1950s, perhaps earlier.

In media
Squid Game: The Challenge did an alternative version of Heads Up Seven Up, in episode 9 "Circle of Trust".

title: Heads up, seven up


text:
Talk:The Eyes of Alice Cooper

Fair use rationale for Image:Eyesalice.jpg
Image:Eyesalice.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in Wikipedia articles constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.BetacommandBot 06:27, 4 June 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Alice Cooper - The Eyes of Alice Cooper.jpg
Image:Alice Cooper - The Eyes of Alice Cooper.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot 03:58, 27 October 2007 (UTC)

Detroit City
Regarding "Also, Kiss might be referenced in the second verse, referring to the front and back cover of Destroyer, though it may also be referring to the 1967 Detroit riot."

I think that it is probably a reference to the riots, and not KISS because all of the other references to other people are a) very specific, using their names or nicknames and b) those people and entities are "from" Detroit. While KISS found a lot of their earlier success in Detroit (recording ALIVE! there, writing "Detroit Rock City") they are most assuredly NOT from Detroit. Really, there's nothing in this song about KISS that you can hang your hat on. FiggazWithAttitude (talk) 21:05, 28 November 2018 (UTC)

School's Out?
Regarding "In the 2010 Behind the Music Remastered on Alice Cooper, "Between High School & Old School" was described as "a modern Alice Cooper classic" for its return to the topic of school (a reference to "School's Out")." Does anyone else think that "The Song That Didn't Rhyme" is also a return to "School's Out" - remember "We can't even think of a word that rhymes"? FiggazWithAttitude (talk) 21:51, 28 November 2018 (UTC)

title: Talk:The Eyes of Alice Cooper


text: Category:South American orchestras

title: Category:South American orchestras


text:
Mocoa

Mocoa (Kamsá: Shatjok ) is a municipality and capital city of the department of Putumayo in Colombia.

The city is located in the northwest of the Putumayo department. The municipality borders the departments of Nariño to the west and Cauca to the north.

On March 31, 2017, mudslides in Mocoa left more than 254 people dead, and hundreds missing.

title: Mocoa


text:
Ace Frehley (album)

Ace Frehley is the first solo album by American guitarist and former Kiss member Ace Frehley, released on September 18, 1978, by Casablanca Records. It was one of four albums released by each separate Kiss member as a solo act, but yet still under the Kiss label, coming out alongside Peter Criss, Paul Stanley, and Gene Simmons.

Ace Frehley contains the cover hit single "New York Groove", which was originally written by Russ Ballard and recorded by Hello in 1975. The song would prove to be a major hit for Frehley and boosted sales for its parent album. The album would also prove to be the most successful of the four Kiss solo albums.

Background
The album was produced by Frehley and Eddie Kramer. It featured Anton Fig on drums. He later performed session work on the Kiss albums Dynasty and Unmasked, and later became a member of Ace Frehley's band Frehley's Comet. Fig and Will Lee, who played bass on three of the album's tracks, later gained prominence as members of the World's Most Dangerous Band and the CBS Orchestra along with Paul Shaffer on Late Night with David Letterman and Late Show with David Letterman. In an interview with Loudwire, Frehley stated that some of the songs from his solo album were originally slated for the fifth Kiss album, Rock and Roll Over. In an interview with Ultimate Guitar, Frehley also recalled being inspired by an incident at a band business meeting before work began on his solo album: "I remember Paul and Gene made a statement to me in front of everybody that was kind of a dig. They said, 'Oh Ace, by the way – if you need any help on your record, don't hesitate to call us.' In the back of my mind, I'm saying, 'I don't need their help.

Critical reception
In a retrospective review Greg Prato of AllMusic wrote that "of the four Kiss solo albums, the best of the bunch is Ace Frehley's", who "did not stray far from the expected heavy Kiss sound". Jason Josephes of Pitchfork concurred that it was the standout of the Kiss solo efforts, describing it as "a melange of riff rock, power pop, and just a little bit of soul". Canadian journalist Martin Popoff defined Ace Frehley as "the least pretentious, heaviest and best-selling platter of the Kiss' solo album quartet", describing the music as "solid, well-rounded simplified '70s metal".

Commercial performance
"New York Groove", which was first recorded in 1975 by the glam rock band Hello, rose to No. 13 on the US Billboard Hot 100 singles chart. This was the highest chart placement for any of the singles released from the 1978 solo albums. The album reached No. 26 on the US Billboard 200 album chart. It was certified platinum on October 2, 1978, and shipped over 1,000,000 copies. It is the highest selling of the four Kiss solo albums in the Sound Scan era (1991 onwards).

Track listing
All credits adapted from the original release.

Personnel

 * Artist
 * Ace Frehley – lead vocals, backing vocals, lead, rhythm and acoustic guitar, guitar synthesizer, bass

 * Additional personnel
 * Anton Fig – drums, percussion
 * Will Lee – bass on "Ozone", "I'm in Need of Love" and "Wiped-Out"
 * Carl Tallarico – drums on "Fractured Mirror"
 * David Lasley and Susan Collins – backing vocals on "Speedin' Back to My Baby", "What's on Your Mind?" and "New York Groove"
 * Larry Kelly – backing vocals on "Rip It Out"
 * Bill "Bear" Scheniman – bell on "Fractured Mirror"
 * Bobby McAdams – power mouth (talkbox) on "New York Groove"

 * Production
 * Eddie Kramer and Ace Frehley – producers
 * Eddie Kramer and Rob Freeman – engineers
 * Eric Block and Don Hunerburg – assistant engineers
 * George Marino – mastered at Sterling Sound, New York
 * Dennis Woloch – album design
 * Eraldo Carugati – album artwork

title: Ace Frehley (album)


text:
Talk:Vonzell Solomon

Vocal range
Can someone please WP:CITE a source for Ms. Solomon's vocal range? See this edit, which is in question. Hall Monitor 20:46, 13 July 2005 (UTC)
 * The vocal range subsection has been removed until a source can be cited. Hall Monitor 18:24, 14 July 2005 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Cover My Struggle.jpg
Image:Cover My Struggle.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in Wikipedia articles constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.BetacommandBot 21:17, 2 June 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Cover My Struggle.jpg
Image:Cover My Struggle.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot 04:09, 27 October 2007 (UTC)

Copyright violation
I reverted the following paragraph "Aside from her amazing vocal abilities, Vonzell has real business savvy. Following her amazing performances on American Idol, she created and launched her own record label, Melodic Records. Vonzell is presently putting the finishing touches on her highly anticipated Premier CD release. Reguarding to her website"

The paragraph was taken directly from Vonzell's website, which at the bottom states "Copyright © 2006-2007 Vonzell "Baby V" Solomon All Rights Reserved". Aspects (talk) 05:06, 17 February 2008 (UTC)

Vonzell Solomon or Vonzell?
(I have copied this discussion between myself and Johnny Spasm from User talk:Johnny Spasm to hear to reach a wider audience and try and reach some sort of consensus on the subject. I have twice,  and, tried to change all but the opening Vonzell's in the article to Solomon per Manual of Style (biographies), only to have Johnny Spasm revert them back saying she goes by "Vonzell" professionally, which I have yet to see proof of. Aspects (talk) 15:18, 6 July 2008 (UTC))

Did you even look at any of the changes I made on Vonzell Solomon before you reverted all of them with this edit that has no edit summary to say why you made the changes you did?

For example I disambiguated the link from People (song) to People (1964 song). I also changed all of the sentences besides the opening one that used Vonzell per Manual of Style (biographies) that says "After the initial mention of any name, the person may be referred to by surname only." I also changed a lot of links from a redirect to the actual link like I Turn to You (All-4-One song) instead of I Turn to You (Christina Aguilera song). I also changed the incorrect spelling of Deniece Williams.

Please use an edit summary the next time you make an edit so other editors know why you are making the changes you making. Aspects (talk) 17:23, 5 July 2008 (UTC)

I grasp the concept of referring to a person by only his/her surname in an article, however, given that Vonzell Solomon is fairly well know as simply "Vonzell" (in fact, typing "Vonzell" into a Wikipedia search will redirect you to Vonzell Solomon), I consider her one of the exceptions to this rule. Likewise, season three winner Fantasia Barrino should simply be referred to as "Fantasia", Seattle Mariner Ichiro Suzuki should simply be referred to as "Ichiro," and Cher and Charo should simply be referred to as Cher and Charo instead of whatever their last names are. I also diambiguated one or two of Vonzell's links ("Best of My Love," for example), and added links to P-Diddy, Nashville, Gamble & Huff, Clive Davis and Christmas.--Johnny Spasm (talk) 12:31, 6 July 2008 (UTC)

 * First off I would argue that Vonzell Solomon is not fairly well know as simply "Vonzell." Typing "Vonzell" in Google, of the first ten searches only the first one does not list "Vonzell Solomon" in the link.  The first link is Vonzell Solomon's own website which on the front states 'Vonzell "Baby V" Solomon.'  That shows if she is know by any pseudonym it is "Baby V" not "Vonzell."  Even if she was well known as "Vonzell," she is also know as professionally as "Vonzell Solomon": "For people well-known by one-word names, nicknames or pseudonyms, but who often also use their legal names professionally (i.e. musician/actors Beyoncé Knowles, André Benjamin, Jennifer Lopez; doctor/broadcaster Dr. Drew Pinsky), use the legal surname." Aspects (talk) 20:02, 5 July 2008 (UTC)

Did you actually READ any of those Google searches? She is referred to as "Vonzell" in all of them-- not "Solomon."--Johnny Spasm (talk) 12:31, 6 July 2008 (UTC)

 * Here is a link to the Vonzell search: .  The first link is her own page that I talked about before.  The next nine links all have "Vonzell Solomon" in the link. Aspects (talk) 02:30, 6 July 2008 (UTC)

Again, did you read any of them? They all agree with me and the form I used.--Johnny Spasm (talk) 12:31, 6 July 2008 (UTC)

 * Link #1 has 'Vonzell "Baby V" Solomon" at the top. Links #2-9 have "Vonzell Solomon" at the top.  Link #10 uses "Vonzell Solomon" but not at the top.  Nowhere do I see anything showing she goes just by "Vonzell" professionally, but I do see her sometimes using "Baby V" as a pseudonym. Aspects (talk) 04:00, 6 July 2008 (UTC)

Your ability to avoid answering the question is amazing. You should go into politics.--Johnny Spasm (talk) 12:31, 6 July 2008 (UTC)

 * Being able to tell you what is on each page should let you know I read them. I have yet to see any proof that she goes professionally by "Vonzell."  As a means of reaching a wider audience on this, I am copying this entire discussion and posting it on Talk:Vonzell Solomon. Aspects (talk) 15:11, 6 July 2008 (UTC)

I never said that she was known professionally as Vonzell. I simply stated that she was fairly well known simply as Vonzell, and it is my belief that she should be referred to Vonzell in her Wikipedia entry, not Solomon. I likened it to Major League Baseball Player Ichiro Suzuki. He is listed as Ichiro Suzuki on the Seattle Mariners' roster, however, he is fairly well known simply as "Ichiro," and I believe an article about him should list him as such-- not Suzuki. Which, by the way, IS the case with his Wikipedia entry.

I appreciate the effort to bring this debate to a larger audience. Thank you.--Johnny Spasm (talk) 16:30, 6 July 2008 (UTC)

 * She is not best known as "Vonzell" she is best known as "Vonzell Solomon" there subsequent use of her name should be "Solomon." Aspects (talk) 16:58, 6 July 2008 (UTC)

 * Well with three months of no proof Vonzell Solomon is known professionally as "Vonzell", I am going to changed subsequent use of her name as "Solomon". Aspects (talk) 16:43, 14 October 2008 (UTC)

''I've just done my own little Google research effort to see if the name issue could be resolved. I must first say I'd never heard of Vonzell (Solomon) until I saw this dispute, a dispute that I would have thought was now cold, as Johnny Spasm doesn't seem to have continued his end of the conflict.''

''I started by googling only for "Vonzell" (and filtering out any surnames that cropped up) in an effort to see what newspapers and media sources had for the name alone, but extremely few hits came up. There were very many fan pages, but nothing that seemed to represent establishment views on the name. Googling "Vonzell Solomon" returned very many newspaper hits as well as other media sources. AmericanIdol lists her as "Vonzell Solomon". The Internet Movie Database lists her as "Vonzell Solomon" and IMDb is very careful to get the credits right for all performers.''

''What I think happens in the media is that viewers/readers feel personally involved with personalities presented in the media. This leads to people using first names to refer to familiar faces. If the name "Vonzell" alone is used I can feel pretty sure that someone is referring to Vonzell Solomon, just as in the AmericanIdol context "Carrie" would be Carrie Underwood, or in the media in general "Britney" is almost certainly Britney Spears, though there are numerous other Carries and Britneys out there.''

''I see no evidence of "Vonzell" being used as a professional name for the person under discussion. I do see a lot of people using the first name as a familiar means of referring to the performer AmericanIdol called "Vonzell Solomon", a performer they have come to "know" and admire so much they feel they can intimately refer to her as "Vonzell".'' --Doktorspin (talk) 05:35, 11 November 2008 (UTC)

 * I have looked her up on other sources. All other sources I've found-- including the American Idol website and Vonzell Solomon's website refer to her as "Vonzell" in the article. I don't understand why Wikipedia's entry needs to be different. "Vonzell" is not a professional name, but it is what she is commonly called in articles about her--Johnny Spasm (talk) 13:52, 11 November 2008 (UTC)
 * This is the AI page for her using "Vonzell Solomon". Please check out Google search of AI news . The official Vonzell Solomon site clearly has Vonzell "BabyV" Solomon on the home page. The official site clearly has no problem with her full name; why do you? So far, I see nothing you've said either supports your claim nor deals with the opinion I gave. You now need to supply links to professional use of "Vonzell", sites that have to use her name of professional choice. If you can't, you must stop going against Wikipedia policy. You have a responsibility to listen and either seriously justify any changes you want with evidence or accept the opinion. (And note Baseball Bugs's comments below.) --Doktorspin (talk) 22:59, 11 November 2008 (UTC)

 * Fan sites typically use first names, as Doktorspin notes above. I'm not seeing what you're seeing in American Idol, but my guess would be they call all the contestants by their first names, in context. Encyclopedic writing requires use of last name. The clincher is your own admission that "Vonzell" is not her professional name (as contrasted with Madonna (entertainer), for example). And lose the accusations of meatpuppetry (as with your edit summary) unless you either think you have evidence, or are wanting to get blocked. Baseball Bugs What's up, Doc? 13:55, 11 November 2008 (UTC)

GloZell Green
In a YouTube video, internet personality GloZell Green stated she and Miss Solomon are cousins. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.168.81.68 (talk) 21:02, 22 May 2013 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Vonzell Solomon


text:
Sincelejo

Sincelejo is the capital and largest city of the Colombian department of Sucre in the Caribbean region. It is also the capital of the department's subregion, Sabanas, and is the 25th largest city by population of the country. It is located 30 kilometers from the Caribbean Sea at the Gulf of Morrosquillo, 125 kilometers from Cartagena, and 200 kilometers from Barranquilla.

Etymology
The origin of the name Sincelejo is a subject of controversy, and there is no consensus on its source. The most widely accepted theory is that the Spanish city is named after the cacique, Cincel, who is believed to have been the leader of the indigenous people who inhabited the area where the town was founded. One author states, without citation, that this theory is supported by documents in the General National Archives (AGN) in Bogota.

History
In the pre-columbian era, the regions lands were inhabited by several groups of indigenous people known as the Zenú.

The village of Sincelejo was founded on October 4, 1535, the feast day of Francis of Assisi, with the name San Francisco de Asís de Sincelejo. The village was part of Alonso Padilla's encomienda between 1610 and 1640, and was located on the site of a small Zenú indigenous settlement. At that time, the indigenous people were exploited by the Spanish colonizers, or "encomenderos".

On November 21, 1775, Sincelejo was re-founded by the Spanish captain and engineer, Antonio de la Torre y Miranda, following orders from Cartagena's governor, Juan de Torrezar Díaz Pimienta. The construction of the town began with a church, while the lands around the church were given to people who used to live across the region; in order to create a religious and political center within the region. The city plan of Sincelejo was intended to follow the classical Spanish colonial grid, with the main church and its square in the center of the town, but this was not possible because of several creeks that ran through its center.

In 1812, Sincelejo became shelter for the revolutionary priests in La Rebelión de los Curas (the Priests' Insurrection).

By 1887, Sincelejo was one of the largest settlements in the Province of Cartagena. In 1908 it became the capital of the short-lived department of Sincelejo (Spanish: Departamento de Sincelejo), ultimately becoming part of the Province of Cartagena again in 1910. In 1912, Sincelejo was nearly destroyed by a conflagration which consumed most of the central zone; nevertheless the town was rebuilt. With the creation of the Sucre Department in 1966, Sincelejo subsequently became its capital.

Geography
The geography of Sincelejo is characterized by a hilly landscape which extends from the mountains to the borders of the plateau in the north and south. The small mountain foothills in the municipality span from the marine fluvial plain in the west to the border shared with the town of Palmito. Erosion is common in the rugged topography of the rolling hills, which are moderately to strongly broken, with slopes between 7 and 50% and altitudes ranging from 50 to 260 meters.

Sincelejo is bordered by the municipalities of Palmito and Tolú to the west, Sampués and Córdoba Department to the south, Corozal and Morroa to the east, and Toluviejo to the north.

Climate
Sincelejo has a tropical climate and its temperatures remain fairly consistent throughout the year, with an average temperature of about 27 °C ( 80.6 °F). According to the Köppen climate classification, it has a tropical wet and dry climate (Aw).

The drought season usually starts in December and lasts until the end of February. The rainy season then peaks in April or May. In June and July precipitation decreases, in a period called "Veranillo de San Juan", until it increases once more.

Administrative divisions
Sincelejo is subdivided into an urban zone and a rural zone. The urban zone is divided into 9 Comunas (townships), while the rural has 21 divisions called Corregimientos.

Communas
 * North-east: La Selva and Villa Orieta
 * West: San Carlos and Kennedy
 * South-west: Pioneros and Argelia
 * Central-west: Majagual and El Zumbado
 * Center: La Palma and La Ford
 * North: Vega and La Fé
 * North-west: Margaritas and Florencia
 * South: Uribe and Gran Colombia
 * South-east: Verbel and El Progreso

Corregimientos
 * North (Zone 1): San Rafael, La Arena, La Chivera, Las Majaguas, and La Peñata
 * West (Zone 2): Las Huertas, Laguna Flor, Cerrito de la Palma, Cruz del Beque, and San Antonio
 * South (Zone 3): Buenavista, Buenavistica, San Martín, San Jacinto, Cerro del Naranjo, Babilonia, Sabanas del Potreto, and La Gallera
 * East (Zone 4): Las Palmas, Castañeda, and Chochó

Demographics
As of 2023, Sincelejo had a population of 310,456. 85.1% recognize themselves as Whites, Arabs and/or Mestizos, 11.5% recognize themselves as Indigenous people and 3.4% as Afro-Colombians.

Economy
The main economic activities of the municipality of Sincelejo revolve around the land use of neighboring departments, specifically in livestock, agriculture, and commerce. The largest sector within Sincelejo is its livestock sector, and the city has been called the "Capital Cebuísta de Colombia" (English: Zebu Capital of Colombia) for its prised beef cattle production. Sincelejo also has a significant dairy farming sector, but beef cattle are the dominant contributor to the city's economy. Agriculture is the city's second largest sector, and is characterized by the production of maize, cassava, yams, and bananas.

Trade, government agencies, and other services supplement the primary activities of the agricultural sector. Industry is beginning to grow in the city with new factories, including Postobón facilities, almidón (starch production), clothing, footwear, icopor (styrofoam), metal equipment, bricks, concrete, construction materials, and wood processing. According to a recent census of the Industry and Commerce department, there are about 3000 businesses operating in the capital.

Culture
The traditional music of Sincelejo includes the Porro, Fandango, and Vallenato. The traditional dish of this city is mote de queso, a soup prepared with cheese. The city is known for its handicrafts made by the native inhabitants, including hammocks and sombreros vueltiaos. The sombrero vueltiao is also a national symbol of Colombia.

The city hosts a number of cultural festivals annually, including the Fiestas del dulce nombre de Jesús, the Encuentro Nacional de Bandas, and the Festival Sabanero del Accordeón. The Encuentro Nacional de Bandas (English: National Meeting of the Bands) is a musical contest where folk bands perform the traditional musical styles of the Savanna Region: Porro and Fandango, which has been held annually since 1984. The Festival Sabanero del Accordeón (English: Savanna's Accordion Festival) has been held since 1974, and celebrates the folk musical styles of the Sabana region played on the accordion, including the styles of: Paseo, Merengue, Vallenato, and Puya.

Corraleja
Sincelejo is best known for its annual festival called Fiestas del dulce nombre de Jesús (English: Celebrations of the Sweet Name of Jesus), which is held every year on January 20. The entire festival lasts several days, and includes a number of parades, a beauty contest, and bullfighting.

Because of the bullfighting tradition, the festival is also known as Las Fiestas de Corraleja, so named after the temporary wooden bullring used for the event, called a corraleja. On January 20, 1980, a combination of overcrowding and panic caused the bullring's wooden bleachers to collapse, killing at least 222 people, although some estimates place the total number at 400. As a result of this tragedy, the Corraleja part of the festival was suspended for several years. In 1999, the municipality reauthorised the annual construction of the wooden structure, which reinstated the bullfighting tradition. Today, the construction of the temporary bullring starts towards the end of December, and civil engineers and architects supervise the project.

The bullfighting usually takes place over several days, with different cattle farms supplying about 40 bulls per day. On the final day, the cattle farm with the most entertaining performance is given an official reward. There is no official prize for bullfighters who enter the ring and participate in the festival, but wealthy landowners often offer an unofficial monetary incentive to encourage participation. The picadors are usually sourced from local cattle ranches and are paid for their work, though they also benefit from "unofficial incentives". A single day ticket to watch the event typically costs about 15–35 USD, though the last day of the event is usually more expensive.

Like other bullfighting events, the festival is criticized for animal cruelty. It is also subject to criticism for the consumption of alcohol during the event and the lack of training and safety provided to bullfighters. Anyone participating in the event as a bullfighter must purchase insurance, which is sold on site, to cover emergency medical care in the ring.

Sites of interest
Majagual Plaza: Usually called La Placita de Majagual (English: The Little Plaza of Majagual), it has been referred to in several folk songs by artists such as Joe Arroyo. This plaza was the cite of the city's corralejas for many years before it moved to La Plaza de Mochila. Since then, Majagual Plaza has only been used for activities sports activities. In 2007, the plaza was refurbished and reopened with a post-modern design featuring an arch-shaped sculpture and a wide square for cultural events.Santander Park: Santander Park opened in 1776, along with the formal establishment of the city. It was the first place that the corralejas were held in the city, and the park hosted the event from 1845 until 1964 when it was moved to Majagual Plaza.

Saint Francis of Assisi Cathedral: The Catedral San Francisco de Asís was established in 1853 and is located adjacent to Santander Park. It is the center of the religious celebrations and festivals in Sincelejo, including Las Fiestas del Dulce Nombre de Jesús. The cathedral is also the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Sincelejo.

Sincelejo's Municipality Theater: The theater was established in 1997. Its facilities host concerts, musicals, folk events, and operas.

VIVA Sincelejo Shopping Center: The VIVA Sincelejo Shopping Center (Spanish: Centro Comercial VIVA Sincelejo) opened in August 2006, as Saint Francisco Shopping Center (Spanish: Centro Comercial San Francisco) on Las Peñitas Avenue (Avenida Las Peñitas). In 2011, construction of a new mall in the same place began, which now hosts approximately 91 shops.

Media
There are two local daily newspapers which circulate in Sincelejo: El Meridiano de Sucre and El Universal Sincelejo. There are also regional and national newspapers such as El Tiempo, El Espectador, and El Heraldo. There are several radio stations, including local stations as well as stations like RCN Radio and Caracol Radio. Sincelejo receives five national television channels: RCN, Caracol, Canal Uno, Señal Colombia and Señal Institucional. There are two cable TV services: Claro and Cable Unión. Claro has the only local TV channel named Canal Doce (Channel 12) which is available for its subscribers. It includes several programs as well as a newscast devoted to Sincelejo and its zone of influence.

Transportation
Sincelejo is known for being an important crossroads on the Caribbean coast of Colombia. It is placed close to several important towns in the region – Montería, Magangué, Coveñas and San Marcos – and it is also relatively close to important cities in Colombia like Barranquilla, Cartagena, Valledupar and Medellín. There is regular transportation from Sincelejo to these cities by bus and taxi, with taxis being a little more expensive. 15 kilometers away from Sincelejo is Las Brujas Airport where there are daily flights to the major cities of Bogotá and Medellín.

Education
As the main city in Sucre and the Sabana Región, Sincelejo has a large number of students, with 35 public schools and several private schools. Universidad de Sucre, the only public university in Sucre, is located in the city. There are also several private universities, including: CECAR, CORPOSUCRE, CUN, Universidad San Martín, Universidad Santo Tomás, as well as a local office of the Universidad de Pamplona. There are several institutions offering technical and technological training the most important being the local facility of SENA. Sincelejo also has several institutions devoted to cultural work such as La Escuela de Bellas Artes (School of Fine Art) and Batuta.

Notable residents

 * Jorge Alfaro, Major League Baseball Player.
 * Ariadna Gutiérrez, Model and Beauty Pageant Titleholder.
 * Verónica Alcocer, First Lady of Colombia.

title: Sincelejo