text:
Mock object

In computer science, a mock object is an object that imitates a production object in limited ways. A programmer might use a mock object as a test double for software testing. A mock object can also be used in generic programming.

Analogy
A mock object can be useful to the software tester like a car designer uses a crash test dummy to simulate a human in a vehicle impact.

Motivation
In a unit test, mock objects can simulate the behavior of complex, real objects and are therefore useful when a real object is impractical or impossible to incorporate into a unit test. If an object has any of the following characteristics, it may be useful to use a mock object in its place:

 * it supplies non-deterministic results (e.g. the current time or the current temperature)
 * it has states that are difficult to create or reproduce (e.g. a network error)
 * it is slow (e.g. a complete database, which would have to be prepared before the test)
 * it does not yet exist or may change behavior
 * it would have to include information and methods exclusively for testing purposes (and not for its actual task)

For example, an alarm clock program which causes a bell to ring at a certain time might get the current time from a time service. To test this, the test must wait until the alarm time to know whether it has rung the bell correctly. If a mock time service is used in place of the real time service, it can be programmed to provide the bell-ringing time (or any other time) regardless of the real time, so that the alarm clock program can be tested in isolation.

Technical details
Mock objects have the same interface as the real objects they mimic, allowing a client object to remain unaware of whether it is using a real object or a mock object. Many available mock object frameworks allow the programmer to specify which methods will be invoked on a mock object, in what order, what parameters will be passed to them, and what values will be returned. Thus, the behavior of a complex object such as a network socket can be mimicked by a mock object, allowing the programmer to discover whether the object being tested responds appropriately to the wide variety of states such mock objects may be in.

Mocks, fakes, and stubs
The definitions of mock, fake, and stub are not consistent across the literature. None-the-less, all represent a production object in a testing environment by exposing the same interface.

Regardless of name, the simplest form returns pre-arranged responses (as in a method stub) and the most complex form imitates a production object's complete logic.

Such a test object might contain assertions to examine the context of each call. For example, a mock object might assert the order in which its methods are called, or assert consistency of data across method calls.

In the book The Art of Unit Testing mocks are described as a fake object that helps decide whether a test failed or passed by verifying whether an interaction with an object occurred. Everything else is defined as a stub. In that book, fakes are anything that is not real, which, based on their usage, can be either stubs or mocks.

Setting expectations
Consider an example where an authorization subsystem has been mocked. The mock object implements an method to match that in the real authorization class. Many advantages follow if it also exposes an  property, which is not present in the real class. This allows test code to easily set the expectation that a user will, or will not, be granted permission in the next call and therefore to readily test the behavior of the rest of the system in either case.

Similarly, mock-only settings could ensure that subsequent calls to the sub-system will cause it to throw an exception, hang without responding, or return  etc. Thus, it is possible to develop and test client behaviors for realistic fault conditions in back-end sub-systems, as well as for their expected responses. Without such a simple and flexible mock system, testing each of these situations may be too laborious for them to be given proper consideration.

Writing log strings
A mock database object's  method may not contain much (if any) implementation code. It might check the existence and perhaps the validity of the Person object passed in for saving (see fake vs. mock discussion above), but beyond that there might be no other implementation.

This is a missed opportunity. The mock method could add an entry to a public log string. The entry need be no more than "Person saved", or it may include some details from the person object instance, such as a name or ID. If the test code also checks the final contents of the log string after various series of operations involving the mock database, then it is possible to verify that in each case exactly the expected number of database saves have been performed. This can find otherwise invisible performance-sapping bugs, for example, where a developer, nervous of losing data, has coded repeated calls to  where just one would have sufficed.

Use in test-driven development
Programmers working with the test-driven development (TDD) method make use of mock objects when writing software. Mock objects meet the interface requirements of, and stand in for, more complex real ones; thus they allow programmers to write and unit-test functionality in one area without calling complex underlying or collaborating classes. Using mock objects allows developers to focus their tests on the behavior of the system under test without worrying about its dependencies. For example, testing a complex algorithm based on multiple objects being in particular states can be clearly expressed using mock objects in place of real objects.

Apart from complexity issues and the benefits gained from this separation of concerns, there are practical speed issues involved. Developing a realistic piece of software using TDD may easily involve several hundred unit tests. If many of these induce communication with databases, web services and other out-of-process or networked systems, then the suite of unit tests will quickly become too slow to be run regularly. This in turn leads to bad habits and a reluctance by the developer to maintain the basic tenets of TDD.

When mock objects are replaced by real ones, the end-to-end functionality will need further testing. These will be integration tests rather than unit tests.

Limitations
The use of mock objects can closely couple the unit tests to the implementation of the code that is being tested. For example, many mock object frameworks allow the developer to check the order of and number of times that mock object methods were invoked by the real object being tested; subsequent refactoring of the code that is being tested could therefore cause the test to fail even though all mocked object methods still obey the contract of the previous implementation. This illustrates that unit tests should test a method's external behavior rather than its internal implementation. Over-use of mock objects as part of a suite of unit tests can result in a dramatic increase in the amount of maintenance that needs to be performed on the tests themselves during system evolution as refactoring takes place. The improper maintenance of such tests during evolution could allow bugs to be missed that would otherwise be caught by unit tests that use instances of real classes. Conversely, simply mocking one method might require far less configuration than setting up an entire real class and therefore reduce maintenance needs.

Mock objects have to accurately model the behavior of the object they are mocking, which can be difficult to achieve if the object being mocked comes from another developer or project or if it has not even been written yet. If the behavior is not modelled correctly, then the unit tests may register a pass even though a failure would occur at run time under the same conditions that the unit test is exercising, thus rendering the unit test inaccurate.

title: Mock object


text:
Rainbow District School Board

Rainbow District School Board (known as English-language Public District School Board No. 3 prior to 1999 ) covers a geographic area of more than 14757 sqkm in the heart of the Rainbow Country and is the largest public school board in Northern Ontario. The Board offers English language and French Immersion program to students from Kindergarten to Grade 12.

Rainbow District School Board is the largest school board in Northern Ontario with 30 elementary school buildings and 9 secondary school buildings in Sudbury, Espanola and Manitoulin.

The Board also offers other programs - Child and Adolescent Mental Health Program, Cecil Facer School, N’Swakamok Native Friendship Centre, Children's Treatment Centre, O’Connor Park, Applied Behaviour Analysis program, Restart, Simulated Healthy Independent Living Opportunities (SHILO) program, Attendance Centre, Mishko-Ode-Wendam, Northern Support Initiative, Frank Flowers School and Barrydowne College operating at Cambrian College.

Notable Alumni: Shania Twain

List of elementary schools

 * A.B. Ellis Public School
 * Adamsdale Public School
 * Alexander Public School
 * Algonquin Road Public School
 * Assiginack Public School
 * Central Manitoulin Public School
 * Charles C. McLean Public School
 * Churchill Public School
 * Copper Cliff Public School
 * C.R. Judd Public School
 * Jean Hanson Public School
 * Lansdowne Public School
 * Larchwood Public School
 * Lasalle Elementary School
 * Levack Public School
 * Little Current Public School
 * MacLeod Public School
 * Markstay Public School
 * Monetville Public School
 * Northeastern Elementary School
 * Princess Anne Public School
 * Queen Elizabeth II Public School
 * Redwood Acres Public School
 * R.H. Murray Public School
 * R.L. Beattie Public School
 * S. Geiger Public School
 * Valley View Public School
 * Walden Public School

List of secondary schools

 * Barrydowne College, Sudbury
 * Chelmsford Valley District Composite School, Chelmsford
 * Confederation Secondary School, Valley East
 * Espanola High School, Espanola
 * Lasalle Secondary School, Sudbury
 * Lively District Secondary School, Lively
 * Lockerby Composite School, Sudbury
 * Lo-Ellen Park Secondary School, Sudbury
 * Manitoulin Secondary School, M'Chigeeng
 * Sudbury Secondary School, Sudbury

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Rainbow District School Board


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/The nerd who ate st.louis

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete Woohookitty 07:30, 23 July 2005 (UTC)

The nerd who ate st.louis
A web search gives 12 results, seems to be another non-notable band. --Mysidia 04:16, 17 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete bandcruft. Friday 04:58, 17 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete nn bandthing. Gets 12 Google hits and nothing on allmusic.com -Splash 05:02, 17 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete There's two on my street... --Wetman 05:09, 17 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Non-notable band. Entry looks to be written by a 12-year old. Lomedae 12:35, July 17, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete nn band vanity. Plus its just one long run-on sentence. --Etacar11 00:21, 18 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete; brilliant name. Pity its bandcruft. Fernando Rizo 01:15, 18 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete non notable band vanity. Fails WP:MUSIC guidelines. JamesBurns 07:54, 18 July 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Ultraman: The Next

Ultraman: The Next, released in Japan simply as Ultraman (ウルトラマン) is a 2004 Japanese superhero film directed by Kazuya Konaka and produced by Tsuburaya Productions. It is a reimagining of the Ultraman character and franchise, and is part of the "Ultra N Project", a three-phase experiment aimed to reinvent the franchise for an older audience. Ultraman: The Next was released in Japan on December 18, 2004 and had its American premiere at Grauman's Egyptian Theatre in Hollywood on June 25, 2005.

Plot
First Lieutenant Shunichi Maki of the Japan Air Self-Defense Force is a prestigious F-15 Eagle jet pilot. A lifelong fan of flying since he was a child, being a pilot is his ultimate dream. Unfortunately, his duties distance him from his wife, Yoko, who feels neglected, and his son, Tsugumu, who has a possibly terminal congenital blood disease.

Maki decides to quit the Air Force to devote more time to his family and to spend whatever time is left with his son. He takes a part-time job as a commercial tour guide for a kindly group of people who allow him time to take care of his family.

Before quitting, Maki and his flight partner Yamashima are alerted to a strange red light streaking towards Japan, and Maki's plane passes through the red light seemingly without any damage. He suffers no ill effects other than strange images briefly playing out in his mind. He later discovers that the images are telepathic messages from a strange being that exists in the red light.

Design
Veteran Ultraman designer Hiroshi Maruyama stressed the difficulty of reinventing the Ultraman design, stating, "Ultraman is a very simple design. This, unfortunately, removes some of the simplicity which is a big part of the design’s charm. But it really can’t be helped. If you tried to remove anything frorm that design what would you have? It would look like Pepsi Man!" Maruyama originally wanted to give Ultraman "transparent skin" with "glowing streams of red energy" but stated that the executives found the idea "a bit too shocking".

Main characters

 * Shunichi Maki (真木 舜一) / Ultraman the Next (ウルトラマン・ザ・ネクスト): Played by Tetsuya Bessho.
 * Ayumi Hamakawa as a young Shunichi Maki
 * Sara Mizuhara (水原 沙羅): Played by Kyoko Toyama (遠山 景織子).
 * Takafumi Udou (有働 貴文) / Beast the One (ビースト・ザ・ワン): Played by Kenya Oosumi (大澄 賢也).

Supporting

 * Nae Yuuki as Yoko Maki
 * Ryouhei Hirota as Tsugumu Maki
 * Toshiya Nagasawa as Tsuyoshi Kurashima
 * Eisuke Kakuta as Ippei
 * Yumiko Sato as Yuriko
 * Ed Yamaguchi as JASDF Operator Base Commander
 * Kazuya Shimizu as Yashiro
 * Yoichi Okamura as Restaurant Owner
 * Mikiko Amuro as Store Wife Yukie
 * Mahiro Endo as Miku
 * Hijimi Ono as Miku's Mother
 * Kazuya Konaka as Miku's Father
 * Naoki Ichimura as JGSDF Signalman
 * Kengo Komada as an Announcer
 * Keizo Yabe as a Special Forces Member
 * Hiroaki Nakamura as a Special Forces Member
 * Ryo Kinomoto as a Gourmet Reporter
 * Daisuke Ryu
 * Masao Kusakari as President Manjime

Theme songs

 * OP: "Theme from ULTRAMAN" by Tak Matsumoto
 * ED: "Never Good-bye" by TMG

title: Ultraman: The Next


text:
Talk:Trials of Mana

Name change
I understand that name changes are not always made when a game is come to be known as an old name for so long (ie Mother vs. EarthBound Beginnings). In this case however, with the significance of the localized version renaming the game and the remake doing the same, I feel that it would be best to get in front of it and adjust to what will likely come to be the more common name for a fair few people. Plus, being a Japanese name, it feels like a different situation than Mother. - Bryn (talk) (contributions) 22:42, 11 June 2019 (UTC)
 * W-well then - Bryn (talk) (contributions) 22:46, 11 June 2019 (UTC)
 * I disagree- this game has been known, in Japanese and in English, as "Seiken Densetsu 3", for 24 years, with hundreds of sources calling it such- I don't think that a collection release under a different name for 1 day takes precedence over that. -- Pres N  04:36, 12 June 2019 (UTC)
 * Yeah, that needed a formal Requested Move to move the page. (It wasn't Abryn who moved the page though). Hill Crest's WikiLaser! (BOOM!) 11:53, 12 June 2019 (UTC)
 * Yes, I am a good girl who loves consensus uwu. - Bryn (talk) (contributions) 19:07, 12 June 2019 (UTC)
 * Haha, just for that, I'm going to leave it while posting at WT:VG, instead of moving it back first. -- Pres N  19:59, 12 June 2019 (UTC)

Trials of Mana remake article
I guess I'll start a second discussion! I also think that a remake article would be valuable, seeing as how this one is already quite proficient and how drastic a remake it is. - Bryn (talk) (contributions) 22:48, 11 June 2019 (UTC)
 * What should the remake's article title be? Trials of Mana (2020 video game)? Hill Crest's WikiLaser! (BOOM!) 23:49, 11 June 2019 (UTC)
 * That's what I was thinking, yeah. I'd take a crack at it but I'm a little bogged down by things. If no one else does, I will make sure to check it out when I can. - Bryn (talk) (contributions) 01:09, 12 June 2019 (UTC)
 * I like the idea of this as a separate article, especially as the development continues. It could just be put on Trials of Mana when it's created, as it will be the primary topic. ~ Maplestrip/Mable ( chat ) 20:38, 12 June 2019 (UTC)
 * I dunno if I agree with that. I think it'd be appropriate for ToM to be about the original release, given its significance. If, of course, the article stays with this title. - Bryn (talk) (contributions) 20:50, 12 June 2019 (UTC)
 * Early signs are that this article will stay at ToM, so the remake will have the be at something else... based on prior Mana precedent, I think it's likely this remake will be able to support its own article. -- Pres N  21:07, 12 June 2019 (UTC)

Whatever happens, I consider how would one cite an interview made only available on video? There's an interview on Gamespot where a Square Enix representative reveals that the game's original composer is back to handle the music for the remake. The interview is here, with the reveal at the 8 minute 45 second mark. 98.206.136.4 (talk) 16:26, 15 June 2019 (UTC)
 * That's not a problem; after all, some citations aren't even easily accessible (like magazine citations). - Bryn (talk) (contributions) 17:40, 15 June 2019 (UTC)

Requested move 7 March 2020

 * The following is a closed discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review after discussing it on the closer's talk page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

The result of the move request was: There is consensus against moving the article back to SD3. These situations are always tricky and unique and it can be difficult to weigh the historical title used for decades versus the more recent localized English title (Earthbound Beginnings has it even worse) but this discussion makes it clear a large majority of editors have determined that at this point in time, the better title for this topic is "Trials of Mana". (non-admin closure)  Ben · Salvidrim!   ✉  12:21, 5 April 2020 (UTC)

Trials of Mana → Seiken Densetsu 3 – This article about the 1995 Famicom game, not its 2019 rerelease, or its upcoming remake, so it should have never been moved to Trials of Mana. Looking at the sourcing used in this very article, they all continue to use the name Seiken Densetsu 3 when writing about the original release, the upcoming remake, and the collection that was released. This is after all how English sourcing has referred to it for over 20 years. More recent reliable sources continue referring to the game by this name, and use Trials of Mana to refer exclusively to the rerelease/upcoming remake. Examples of this include: Nintendo Life, Gematsu, Destructoid. From this, I think it is safe to say that the WP:COMMONNAME is still Seiken Densetsu 3. Alt (talk) 06:49, 7 March 2020 (UTC)
 * Support Per the nomination. My searches and the references in the article still mostly refer to the game as Seiken Densetsu 3, because unlike Secret of Mana, it didn't release outside of Japan until the compilation came. The remake is referred to as Trials of Mana (for which an article can be created once that comes out). Jovanmilic97 (talk) 11:43, 7 March 2020 (UTC)
 * Support: If someone makes an article about the remake then the remake page can have the title Trials of Mana without any disambiguation. OceanHok (talk) 18:25, 7 March 2020 (UTC)
 * Oppose the game is famous for not being localized so it never had a localized name. That doesnt mean we should stick with the original title because that's what people have been referring it to. Trials of Mana is still the official localized name now. And first time readers who never heard of this game will most likely get confused why wikipedia opted for the japanese title when the official english title exist: here are examples where reviewers are now referring the original game as simply trials of mana.  and . Granted they initiate to clarify that this was SD3 but they continue to keep the status quo of Trials.
 * So there are reviews now recognizing the third entry as "Trials". We should treat this similar to Story of Seasons / Harvest Moon and give it time. I believe the confusion exists because both the port and the remake were announced at the same time and there wasnt enough to clarify properly. Trials of Mana is the official name for both the port and the remake.Blue Pumpkin Pie Chat Contribs 19:23, 7 March 2020 (UTC)
 * Oppose: This game has been given the official translated title Trials of Mana in a direct official port as part of the Collection of Mana from Square Enix themselves. It's not just the remake, but the original that's been given this name. I think the lead covers it as well as can be done. Maybe rephrase it to "known prior to 2019 as Seiken Densetsu 3" to give a timeline to players. Sidelining its official localised title isn't right. --ProtoDrake (talk) 19:33, 7 March 2020 (UTC)
 * Oppose as per ProtoDrake's statements. Square Enix gave it the official name of Trials of Mana when they ported the original game to the Collection of Mana and the reviews have recognized it as the official title. Lord Sjones23 (talk - contributions) 08:49, 9 March 2020 (UTC)
 * Oppose: I see both sides of the debate, but I lean towards keeping it at Trials of Mana per ProtoDrake's statement. A similar situation happened with Mother/EarthBound Beginnings a few years ago, but they differ slightly to me because the original/Japanese title isn't in English (Mother is still an English word). ~ Dissident93 (talk) 09:52, 9 March 2020 (UTC)
 * Oppose per WP:USEENGLISH. Sergecross73   msg me  14:25, 9 March 2020 (UTC)
 * Support – I am convinced primarily by the sources provided by AlternateRT, which refer to Seiken Densetsu 3 as such without even mentioning its US rerelease at all. "The 1995 game" etc. Even some of the sources linked by Blue Pumpkin Pie suggest that Seiken Densetsu 3 is still the common name for the game, with lines such as and . This is not to mention all the historic sources we have on this game, like the Retro Gamer issue I have in my room which has "Seiken Densetsu 3" all over its front cover. To me, it seems like "Trials of Mana" is just a specific version, a specific release, of Seiken Densetsu 3. Moreover, this will help out greatly with disambiguation with the remake coming out. I don't see any reason for this article to be titled "Trials of Mana" to be honest; I personally was barely aware this English-language release of the game even existed... ~ Maplestrip/Mable  ( chat ) 09:21, 10 March 2020 (UTC)
 * The sources provided have since changed the status quo and continue to refer to the game as "ToM". I dont consider it common name to initiate the distinction. And it makes sense to clarify what Trials of Mana because we've never had that game. This is the original game. It just released years later in a different console. Doesnt change the fact that Seiken Densetsu 3 = Trials of Mana. So the remake renamed as Trials of mana just adds to the confusion. Reliable sources will treat the name for both the port and the remake while wikipedia only gives it to the remake.Blue Pumpkin Pie Chat Contribs 09:47, 10 March 2020 (UTC)
 * We don't have an article on the port. We have an article on the 1995 game. I would consider the 2019 port technically a separate topic. ~ Maplestrip/Mable ( chat ) 09:58, 10 March 2020 (UTC)
 * That's a bizzare statement. The very definition of a port is that it's the same game on a new platform. The 2019 release IS The 1995 game. How in the world could it be a separate topic? ♫ Melodia Chaconne ♫ (talk) 12:29, 10 March 2020 (UTC)
 * Eh, it’s getting a bit confusing with some of the terminology and timeframes, but to clarify for them, the game received a 2019 English language basic port through the compilation release Collection of Mana, and is receiving a full blown, radically redone remake in April 2020. It’s being called Trials of Mana for both, FYI. Sergecross73   msg me  22:14, 10 March 2020 (UTC)

 * Oppose Per WP:USEENGLISH. A Japanese name shouldn't be used when an official English name exists.ZXCVBNM (TALK) 12:50, 10 March 2020 (UTC)
 * Oppose move. By this point, it appears the localized name is the common name.  O.N.R.  (talk) 13:27, 10 March 2020 (UTC)
 * Support SD3 was released a quarter-century ago for the Super Famicom and has never had an English title until last year. The 2020 game should either be a separate article or have a dedicated article section with its own infobox. "Trials of Mana" is not the localized title of the SF game considering it was never localized; it's the title of the remake. Moving "Seiken Densetsu 3" to "Trials of Mana" is akin to moving Final Fantasy VII to Final Fantasy VII Remake. Corporal (talk) 05:12, 18 March 2020 (UTC)
 * Except that it's literally the localized title of the original game, released last year in the Collection of Mana. ♫ Melodia Chaconne ♫ (talk) 05:17, 18 March 2020 (UTC)
 * I missed that the SF game WAS actually localized and released in a compilation, so most of my argument was based on a false premise :) Still not sure that it should be moved, but the remake will still need to be a separate article once there's enough information on it. Corporal (talk) 05:21, 18 March 2020 (UTC)
 * Oppose. I was pinged here a while ago but never got around to this until now. I think WP:USEENGLISH applies. JOE BRO  64  17:52, 19 March 2020 (UTC)
 * Oppose. I suggest the page would be split into two different pages, one about the original 1995 game, and the 2020 game, like how there are separate pages for the 1998 game Resident Evil 2 and its 2019 remake. Matthew Cenance (talk) 03:51, 1 April 2020 (UTC)
 * That already happened.--69.157.252.96 (talk) 22:23, 1 April 2020 (UTC)

 * Oppose. It is the English name, and WP:USEENGLISH applies. And the current disambiguation using with the addition of (2020 video game) for the remake works well enough. WarChild (talk) 02:37, 2 April 2020 (UTC)
 * Support per WP:NAMECHANGES: If ... reliable sources written after the name change is announced continue to use the established name, Wikipedia should continue to do so as well. As per sources provided by the nominator and noted by Maplestrip, sources written after the name change continue to use the established name Seiken Densetsu 3 for the 1995 game. Thus, we should continue to do so as well. Note to discussion closer: if this is closed as "no consensus", this article should be moved back to Seiken Densetsu 3, which had been the stable title for this article before it was unilaterally moved to its present title in June 2019, fourteen years after this article was created. feminist (talk) 10:24, 5 April 2020 (UTC)

 * The discussion above is closed. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

Quotes in sources
So, with the upcoming Trials of Mana re-release upon us, we'll have to figure out a way to approach the sources which contains the translated quotes and dialogue. Should we use the earlier fan translation or Square Enix's official English translations? Lord Sjones23 (talk - contributions) 22:41, 18 March 2020 (UTC)
 * Ideally we should use the official English quotes, since that's what we use in-article for character names and the name of the game itself. -- Pres N  04:50, 19 March 2020 (UTC)

Collection of Mana and ROMs
The international Collection of Mana release of Trials of Mana was actually localized as a SNES game. Hidden inside the Switch game's data files is a group of SNES ROM files containing the localized versions of the game. These localized ROM files will actually run if played on a SNES (using a flash cart, etc.). In other words, instead of reworking the game into a Switch game then translating that, Square actually localized the SNES ROM then put it into a SNES emulator. But I can't put this information on the main page, because I don't have a source on it. -- Myria (talk) 17:09, 25 April 2020 (UTC)
 * It's hardly relevant, because it's a pretty common practice. Also, the way you wrote the above implies that they didn't do the same for the Japanese version, which they almost certainly did. ♫ Melodia Chaconne ♫ (talk) 05:18, 26 April 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Trials of Mana


text:
Xtabentún (liqueur)

Xtabentún is an anise liqueur made in Mexico's Yucatán region from anise seed and fermented honey produced by honey bees from the nectar of xtabentún flowers. Rum is then added to the anise and honey mixture. Because of the rum content, the xtabentún liqueur is sometimes called a "distilled honey" beverage, which is misleading, because the honey alcohol is fermented, not distilled. It is, nonetheless, a spirit beverage, since rum, a distilled product, is added. Distilleries still survive today in the Yucatán that produce the liqueur.

Origin
Xtabentún may have its origin in balché, a ceremonial liquor produced by the Maya. The strong flavor did not appeal to the Spanish conquistadores, so they introduced anise and took away the tree bark and corn.

Etymology
The word xtabentún means "vines growing on stone" in the Mayan language. It refers to the Christmas vine (Turbina corymbosa), a species of morning glory whose seeds contain ergine and have hallucinogenic properties. This has led Jonathan Ott to suggest that balché may also have had entheogenic qualities, although this remains to be demonstrated. Ancient Mayas likely would have enjoyed the inebriating effects of a similar beverage to produce visionary and trance states.

Use
It is usually served straight, cold, or with ice and honey. It can also be served with coffee, or with one shot of tequila and an equal part xtabentún, creating a drink called "Mayan coffee." Adding half a lime makes a "Maya margarita". When mixed with wine, it is called olhombre which means "clashing" in Yukatek (Màaya t'àan).

title: Xtabentún (liqueur)


text:
Sudbury Catholic District School Board

Sudbury Catholic District School Board (SCDSB, known as English-language Separate District School Board No. 32 prior to 1999 ) is a school board in north-central Ontario, Canada. The board is the school district administrator for English language Roman Catholic schools in Greater Sudbury and the southern Sudbury District.

It operates 19 elementary schools, four conventional secondary schools and an adult learning centre.

The Sudbury Catholic District School Board, along with the Basilian Fathers and the Roman Catholic Diocese of Sault Ste. Marie, was responsible for the operation of St. Charles College. The college was the site of many historical cases of sexual abuse. A notable case involved the abuse of a teenage boy named Rod McLeod, by Fr. William Hodgson Marshall, who was a teacher and sports educator at the college. The abuse dates back to the 1960s.

In 2012, four former students filed lawsuits against the SCDSB for the sexual abuse by Father William Hodgson Marshall.

Elementary schools

 * Holy Cross Elementary School, South End
 * Holy Trinity Elementary School, New Sudbury
 * Immaculate Conception Elementary School, Val Caron
 * Pius XII Elementary School, Adamsdale
 * St. Anne Elementary School, Hanmer
 * St. Charles Elementary School, Chelmsford
 * St. David Elementary School, Donovan
 * St. Francis Elementary School, Gatchell
 * St. James Elementary School, Lively
 * St. John Elementary School, Garson
 * St. Joseph Elementary School, Killarney
 * St. Mark Elementary School, Markstay
 * St. Paul Elementary School, Coniston

Secondary schools

 * Bishop Alexander Carter Catholic Secondary School, Hanmer — co-educational
 * Marymount Academy, Downtown — all-girls
 * St. Albert Adult Learning Centre, Downtown — adult high school
 * St. Benedict Catholic Secondary School, — co-educational
 * St. Charles College, New Sudbury — co-educational

title: Sudbury Catholic District School Board


text:
Sunninghill

Sunninghill may refer to:

 * Sunninghill, Berkshire, England
 * Sunninghill, Gauteng, suburb of Johannesburg, South Africa

title: Sunninghill


text:
Adolphine

Adolphine may refer to:

 * Adolphine (name), a female name
 * Methadone

title: Adolphine


text:
User talk:Brodnax

Welcome!

Hello,, Welcome  to Wikipedia! '''I hope you like working here and want to continue. If you need help on how to name new articles, look at Naming Conventions, and for help on formatting the pages visit the Manual of Style. If you need general help, look at Help and the FAQ, and if you can't find your answer there, check the Village pump (for Wikipedia related questions) or the Reference Desk (for general questions). There's still more help at the Tutorial and the Policy Library. Also, don't forget to visit the Community Portal — and if you have any more questions after that, feel free to post them on my talk page.'''

Additional tips:
 * Here are some extra tips to help you get around Wikipedia:
 * If you made any edits before you got an account, you might be interested in assigning those to your username.
 * If you want to play around with your new Wiki skills, try the Sandbox.
 * Click on the Edit button on a page, and look at how other editors did what they did.
 * You can sign your name using three tildes, like this: . If you use four, you can add a datestamp too.  Always sign comments on Talk pages, never sign Articles.
 * You might want to add yourself to the New User Log.
 * If your first language isn't English, try Contributing to articles outside your native language.

Happy editing! ‡  Jarlaxle   04:19, July 17, 2005 (UTC)

Image Tagging for Image:Burlington_community_field1.JPG
Thanks for uploading Image:Burlington_community_field1.JPG. The image has been identified as not specifying the source and creator of the image, which is required by Wikipedia's policy on images. If you don't indicate the source and creator of the image on the image's description page, it may be deleted some time in the next seven days.

For more information on using images, see the following pages:
 * Image use policy
 * Image copyright tags

This is an automated notice by OrphanBot. For assistance on the image use policy, see User talk:Carnildo/images. 14:21, 9 March 2006 (UTC)

Image copyright problem with Image:Davenport odonnell stadium6.JPG
Thanks for uploading Image:Davenport odonnell stadium6.JPG. However, the image may soon be deleted unless we can determine the copyright holder and copyright status. The Wikimedia Foundation is very careful about the images included in Wikipedia because of copyright law (see Wikipedia's Copyright policy).

The copyright holder is usually the creator, the creator's employer, or the last person who was transferred ownership rights. Copyright information on images is signified using copyright templates. The three basic license types on Wikipedia are open content, public domain, and fair use. Find the appropriate template in Image copyright tags and place it on the image page like this:.

Please signify the copyright information on any other images you have uploaded or will upload. Remember that images without this important information can be deleted by an administrator. If you have any questions, feel free to contact me. Thank you. Shyam ( T / C ) 07:51, 10 March 2006 (UTC)

Image:Alumni hall3.gif
Thanks for uploading Image:Alumni hall3.gif. I notice the 'image' page specifies that the image is being used under fair use, but its use in Wikipedia articles fails our first fair use criterion in that it illustrates a subject for which a free image could reasonably be found or created. If you believe this image is not replaceable, please:
 * 1) Go to the image description page and edit it to add
 * 2) On the image discussion page, write the reason why this image is not replaceable at all.

If you have uploaded other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified how these images fully satisfy our fair use criteria. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on [ this link]. Note that any fair use images which are replaceable by free-licensed alternatives will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you. Nilfanion (talk) 12:58, 22 October 2006 (UTC)

Image tagging for Image:Administration_building1.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Administration_building1.jpg. The image has been identified as not specifying the source and creator of the image, which is required by Wikipedia's policy on images. If you don't indicate the source and creator of the image on the image's description page, it may be deleted some time in the next seven days. If you have uploaded other images, please verify that you have provided source information for them as well.

For more information on using images, see the following pages:
 * Image use policy
 * Image copyright tags

This is an automated notice by OrphanBot. For assistance on the image use policy, see Media copyright questions. 05:50, 24 October 2006 (UTC)

Image tagging for Image:Classroom_building1.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Classroom_building1.jpg. The image has been identified as not specifying the source and creator of the image, which is required by Wikipedia's policy on images. If you don't indicate the source and creator of the image on the image's description page, it may be deleted some time in the next seven days. If you have uploaded other images, please verify that you have provided source information for them as well.

For more information on using images, see the following pages:
 * Image use policy
 * Image copyright tags

This is an automated notice by OrphanBot. For assistance on the image use policy, see Media copyright questions. 06:33, 26 October 2006 (UTC)

Image tagging for Image:Heritage_science_center2.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Heritage_science_center2.jpg. The image has been identified as not specifying the source and creator of the image, which is required by Wikipedia's policy on images. If you don't indicate the source and creator of the image on the image's description page, it may be deleted some time in the next seven days. If you have uploaded other images, please verify that you have provided source information for them as well.

For more information on using images, see the following pages:
 * Image use policy
 * Image copyright tags

This is an automated notice by OrphanBot. For assistance on the image use policy, see Media copyright questions. 07:22, 28 October 2006 (UTC)

Deleting your images
Hi. I am on a "spree" deleting your images, because Wikipedia only accepts material that is OK for commercial use. / Fred-Chess 22:23, 31 October 2006 (UTC)

Non-free use disputed for Image:Common - Can I Borrow a Dollar.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Common - Can I Borrow a Dollar.jpg. However, there is a concern that the rationale you have provided for using this image under "fair use" may be invalid. Please read carefully the instructions at Non-free content and then go to the image description page and clarify why you think the image qualifies.

If it is determined that the image does not qualify under fair use, it will be deleted within a couple of days according to our Criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.BetacommandBot 22:01, 2 June 2007 (UTC)

Orphaned non-free media (Image:Thunderbolts2.gif)
Thanks for uploading Image:Thunderbolts2.gif. The media description page currently specifies that it is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, it is currently orphaned, meaning that it is not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the media was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that media for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable for use on Wikipedia (see our policy for non-free media).

If you have uploaded other unlicensed media, please check whether they're used in any articles or not. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that all non-free media not used in any articles will be deleted after seven days, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. BJBot (talk) 19:17, 8 January 2008 (UTC)

Disputed fair use rationale for Image:Common - Can I Borrow a Dollar.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Common - Can I Borrow a Dollar.jpg. However, there is a concern that the rationale you have provided for using this image under "fair use" may be invalid. Please read the instructions at Non-free content carefully, then go to the image description page and clarify why you think the image qualifies for fair use. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to ensure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If it is determined that the image does not qualify under fair use, it will be deleted within a couple of days according to our criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the media copyright questions page. Thank you.BetacommandBot (talk) 21:11, 13 February 2008 (UTC)

Disputed fair use rationale for Image:Common - Resurrection.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Common - Resurrection.jpg. However, there is a concern that the rationale you have provided for using this image under "fair use" may be invalid. Please read the instructions at Non-free content carefully, then go to the image description page and clarify why you think the image qualifies for fair use. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to ensure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If it is determined that the image does not qualify under fair use, it will be deleted within a couple of days according to our criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the media copyright questions page. Thank you.BetacommandBot (talk) 21:13, 13 February 2008 (UTC)

Orphaned non-free image File:Common - Can I Borrow a Dollar.jpg
 Thanks for uploading File:Common - Can I Borrow a Dollar.jpg. The image description page currently specifies that the image is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, the image is currently not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the image was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that images for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable for use on Wikipedia (see our policy for non-free media).

Note that any non-free images not used in any articles will be deleted after seven days, as described in section F5 of the criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. --B-bot (talk) 17:09, 4 July 2017 (UTC)

Orphaned non-free image File:Common - Resurrection.jpg
 Thanks for uploading File:Common - Resurrection.jpg. The image description page currently specifies that the image is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, the image is currently not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the image was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that images for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable for use on Wikipedia (see our policy for non-free media).

Note that any non-free images not used in any articles will be deleted after seven days, as described in section F5 of the criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. --B-bot (talk) 17:12, 4 July 2017 (UTC)

Disambiguation link notification for June 11
Hi. Thank you for your recent edits. An automated process has detected that when you recently edited South Side, Chicago, you added a link pointing to the disambiguation page Dexter Park ([//dispenser.info.tm/~dispenser/cgi-bin/dablinks.py/South_Side%2C_Chicago check to confirm] | [//dispenser.info.tm/~dispenser/cgi-bin/dab_solver.py/South_Side%2C_Chicago?client=notify fix with Dab solver]). Such links are usually incorrect, since a disambiguation page is merely a list of unrelated topics with similar titles. (Read the FAQ* Join us at the DPL WikiProject.)

It's OK to remove this message. Also, to stop receiving these messages, follow these opt-out instructions. Thanks, DPL bot (talk) 09:25, 11 June 2018 (UTC)

title: User talk:Brodnax


text:
Vital signs

Vital signs (also known as vitals) are a group of the four to six most crucial medical signs that indicate the status of the body's vital (life-sustaining) functions. These measurements are taken to help assess the general physical health of a person, give clues to possible diseases, and show progress toward recovery. The normal ranges for a person's vital signs vary with age, weight, sex, and overall health.

There are four primary vital signs: body temperature, blood pressure, pulse (heart rate), and breathing rate (respiratory rate), often notated as BT, BP, HR, and RR. However, depending on the clinical setting, the vital signs may include other measurements called the "fifth vital sign" or "sixth vital sign."

Early warning scores have been proposed that combine the individual values of vital signs into a single score. This was done in recognition that deteriorating vital signs often precede cardiac arrest and/or admission to the intensive care unit. Used appropriately, a rapid response team can assess and treat a deteriorating patient and prevent adverse outcomes.

Primary vital signs
There are four primary vital signs which are standard in most medical settings:

 * 1) Body temperature
 * 2) Heart rate or Pulse
 * 3) Respiratory rate
 * 4) Blood pressure

The equipment needed is a thermometer, a sphygmomanometer, and a watch. Although a pulse can be taken by hand, a stethoscope may be required for a clinician to take a patient's apical pulse.

Temperature
Temperature recording gives an indication of core body temperature, which is normally tightly controlled (thermoregulation), as it affects the rate of chemical reactions. Body temperature is maintained through a balance of the heat produced by the body and the heat lost from the body. Temperature can be recorded in order to establish a baseline for the individual's normal body temperature for the site and measuring conditions.

Temperature can be measured from the mouth, rectum, axilla (armpit), ear, or skin. Oral, rectal, and axillary temperature can be measured with either a glass or electronic thermometer. Note that rectal temperature measures approximately 0.5 °C higher than oral temperature, and axillary temperature approximately 0.5 °C less than oral temperature. Aural and skin temperature measurements require special devices designed to measure temperature from these locations.

While 37 °C is considered "normal" body temperature, there is some variance between individuals. Most have a normal body temperature set point that falls within the range of 36.0 to 37.5 C.

The main reason for checking body temperature is to solicit any signs of systemic infection or inflammation in the presence of a fever. Fever is considered temperature of 37.8 °C or above. Other causes of elevated temperature include hyperthermia, which results from unregulated heat generation or abnormalities in the body's heat exchange mechanisms. Temperature depression (hypothermia) also needs to be evaluated. Hypothermia is classified as temperature below 35 °C.

It is also recommended to review the trend of the patient's temperature over time. A fever of 38 °C does not necessarily indicate an ominous sign if the patient's previous temperature has been higher.

Pulse
The pulse is the rate at which the heart beats while pumping blood through the arteries, recorded as beats per minute (bpm). It may also be called "heart rate". In addition to providing the heart rate, the pulse should also be evaluated for strength and obvious rhythm abnormalities. The pulse is commonly taken at the wrist (radial artery). Alternative sites include the elbow (brachial artery), the neck (carotid artery), behind the knee (popliteal artery), or in the foot (dorsalis pedis or posterior tibial arteries). The pulse is taken with the index finger and middle finger by pushing with firm yet gentle pressure at the locations described above, and counting the beats felt per 60 seconds (or per 30 seconds and multiplying by two). The pulse rate can also be measured by listening directly to the heartbeat using a stethoscope. The pulse may vary due to exercise, fitness level, disease, emotions, and medications. The pulse also varies with age. A newborn can have a heart rate of 100–160 bpm, an infant (0–5 months old) a heart rate of 90–150 bpm, and a toddler (6–12 months old) a heart rate of 80–140 bpm. A child aged 1–3 years old can have a heart rate of 80–130 bpm, a child aged 3–5 years old a heart rate of 80–120 bpm, an older child (age of 6–10) a heart rate of 70–110 bpm, and an adolescent (age 11–14) a heart rate of 60–105 bpm. An adult (age 15+) can have a heart rate of 60–100 bpm.

Respiratory rate
Average respiratory rates vary between ages, but the normal reference range for people age 18 to 65 is 16–20 breaths per minute. The value of respiratory rate as an indicator of potential respiratory dysfunction has been investigated but findings suggest it is of limited value. Respiratory rate is a clear indicator of acidotic states, as the main function of respiration is removal of CO2 leaving bicarbonate base in circulation.

Blood pressure
Blood pressure is recorded as two readings: a higher systolic pressure, which occurs during the maximal contraction of the heart, and the lower diastolic or resting pressure. In adults, a normal blood pressure is 120/80, with 120 being the systolic and 80 being the diastolic reading. Usually, the blood pressure is read from the left arm unless there is some damage to the arm. The difference between the systolic and diastolic pressure is called the pulse pressure. The measurement of these pressures is now usually done with an aneroid or electronic sphygmomanometer. The classic measurement device is a mercury sphygmomanometer, using a column of mercury measured off in millimeters. In the United States and UK, the common form is millimeters of mercury, while elsewhere SI units of pressure are used. There is no natural 'normal' value for blood pressure, but rather a range of values that on increasing are associated with increased risks. The guideline acceptable reading also takes into account other co-factors for disease. Therefore, elevated blood pressure (hypertension) is variously defined when the systolic number is persistently over 140–160 mmHg. Low blood pressure is hypotension. Blood pressures are also taken at other portions of the extremities. These pressures are called segmental blood pressures and are used to evaluate blockage or arterial occlusion in a limb (see Ankle brachial pressure index).

Other signs
In the U.S., in addition to the above four, many providers are required or encouraged by government technology-in-medicine laws to record the patient's height, weight, and body mass index. In contrast to the traditional vital signs, these measurements are not useful for assessing acute changes in state because of the rate at which they change; however, they are useful for assessing the impact of prolonged illness or chronic health problems.

The definition of vital signs may also vary with the setting of the assessment. Emergency medical technicians (EMTs), in particular, are taught to measure the vital signs of respiration, pulse, skin, pupils, and blood pressure as "the 5 vital signs" in a non-hospital setting.

Fifth vital signs
The "fifth vital sign" may refer to a few different parameters.

 * Pain is considered a standard fifth vital sign in some organizations, such as the U.S. Veterans Affairs. Pain is measured on a 0–10 pain scale based on subjective patient reporting and may be unreliable. Some studies show that recording pain routinely may not change management.
 * Menstrual cycle
 * Oxygen saturation (as measured by pulse oximetry)
 * Blood glucose level

Sixth vital signs
There is no standard "sixth vital sign"; its use is more informal and discipline-dependent.

 * End-tidal CO2
 * Functional status
 * Shortness of breath
 * Gait speed
 * Delirium

Variations by age
Children and infants have respiratory and heart rates that are faster than those of adults as shown in the following table :

Monitoring
Monitoring of vital parameters most commonly includes at least blood pressure and heart rate, and preferably also pulse oximetry and respiratory rate. Multimodal monitors that simultaneously measure and display the relevant vital parameters are commonly integrated into the bedside monitors in intensive care units, and the anesthetic machines in operating rooms. These allow for continuous monitoring of a patient, with medical staff being continuously informed of the changes in the general condition of a patient.

While monitoring has traditionally been done by nurses and doctors, a number of companies are developing devices that can be used by consumers themselves. These include Cherish Health, Scanadu and Azoi.

title: Vital signs


text:
Talk:Sir Winston Churchill High School

Student Testimonials
"Incredible school! I have enjoyed every minute of my education at the school and IB GEEKS ROCK! It's a challenge and the teachers always push you to your limits.... but you end up with great projects that you want to keep forever and work that you are always proud of!" - Elise M. (2006 Grad)

"Huh. Had a blast there, but all in all, I felt Queen Elizabeth Jr/Sr (where I went before) was a more dynamic place.  Sometimes Churchill felt a little oppressive." - Sri G. (2002 Full IB Grad)

"Even though I've still got another year to go, I've had a great time learning here. So much to do, not only in terms of homework but also in terms of extra-ciricular and in-school activities.  It's nice knowing that I'm taking IB in the first Canadian IB school, with friendly and experienced teachers.  This place, in short, is incredible.  For a school." - Andrew G. (Future 2007 Partial-IB Grad)

Importance
Reasons why this article is important... It's a nice info page for the newcomers in the school or the country for that matter, and it's accessible by all students of the school, the public, and administration.

Winston Churchill and the Canadian Public Education System
Along with Winston Churchill High School, based in Lethbridge, Alberta, the SWC wikipedia page conveys the monumental achievements of Winston Churchill, by showing the successful schools named after him. It also represents the strong cultural, if not political ties of Canada and Britain, by having foremost Canadian high schools named after British politicians. This page also serves as a symbol of prosperity and prominence of the Calgary Public Education system.

Parents and Students
Anyone interested in schooling wants to have the most information available to them about a school. With this page, a lot of information is there for them and it lets them know that a school is serious about getting their name out there. That can be comforting to a parent who wants to ensure that a school (a very important thing for a child) is appropriate and actually takes the time to ensure a page such as this is there for them.

The page is very informative and best of all, it will get students involved and interested in taking part in something for their school. It's a simple and accessable way to allow the influence and involvement of students to occur. It's also a very positive thing for the school environment and spirit.

It's not the only one
There are Sir Winston Churchill Secondary/High Schools throughout Canada and the United States, however this school is better because of the highger standard of education and also the personality of the school!

Whoever wrote this is clearly biased, and furthermore the sentence does not make much sense. The school's intelligence is being increased? Fail.

The image may need to go.
At this point, I don't know if Image:SWCHS.png is PD, I doubt it is, and doubt it can be used (although maybe under fair use). See Image talk:SWCHS.png. --rob 21:16, 21 August 2005 (UTC)

 * The image is now listed at Possibly unfree images. If may or may not be deleted as a result, depending on its legal status.  --Rob 20:16, 13 December 2005 (UTC)

 * The image has been removed by me from this article, due to the copyright problem. --Rob 06:04, 14 December 2005 (UTC)

Neutrality
I am adding a POV tag to the article because I believe that some of the main contributors are connected to the school. This creates a non-neutral point of view that seems to unduly praise the school. Some examples include "outstanding," "prestigious," "crowned," "completely outplaying...," and "exceptional." This is excessive adulation and should be toned down. Piguy101 (talk) 22:50, 11 March 2014 (UTC)

title: Talk:Sir Winston Churchill High School


text:
Matthew Murray

Matthew Murray (1765 – 20 February 1826) was an English steam engine and machine tool manufacturer, who designed and built the first commercially viable steam locomotive, the twin-cylinder Salamanca in 1812. He was an innovative designer in many fields, including steam engines, machine tools and machinery for the textile industry.

Early years
Little is known about Matthew Murray's early years. He was born in Newcastle upon Tyne in 1765. He left school at fourteen and was apprenticed to be either a blacksmith or a whitesmith. In 1785, when he concluded his apprenticeship, he married Mary Thompson (1764–1836) of Whickham, County Durham. The following year he moved to Stockton and began work as a journeyman mechanic at the flax mill of John Kendrew in Darlington, where the mechanical spinning of flax had been invented.

Murray and his wife, Mary, had three daughters and a son, also called Matthew.

Leeds
In 1789, due to a lack of trade in the Darlington flax mills, Murray and his family moved to Leeds to work for John Marshall, who was to become a prominent flax manufacturer. John Marshall had rented a small mill at Adel, for the purpose of manufacture but also to develop a pre-existing flax-spinning machine, with the aid of Matthew Murray. After some trial and error, to overcome the problem of breakages in the flax twine during the spinning of the flax, sufficient improvements were made to enable John Marshall to undertake the construction of a new mill at Holbeck in 1791, Murray was in charge of the installation. The installation included new flax-spinning machines of his own design, which Murray patented in 1790. In 1793 Murray took out a second patent on a design for "Instruments and Machines for Spinning Fibrous Materials". His patent included a carding engine and a spinning machine that introduced the new technique of "wet spinning" flax, which revolutionised the flax trade. Murray maintained the machinery for Marshall's mills and made improvements that pleased his employer. At this stage it seems that Murray was the chief engineer in the mill.

Fenton, Murray and Wood
Industry in the Leeds area was developing fast and it became apparent that there was an opportunity for a firm of general engineers and millwrights to set up. Therefore, in 1795, Murray went into partnership with David Wood (1761–1820) and set up a factory at Mill Green, Holbeck. There were several mills in the vicinity and the new firm supplied machinery to them. The firm was so successful that in 1797 it moved to larger premises at Water Lane, Holbeck. The firm welcomed two new partners at this point; James Fenton (previously Marshall's partner) and William Lister (a millwright of Bramley, Leeds). The firm became known as Fenton, Murray and Wood. Murray was the technical innovator and in charge of obtaining orders; Wood was in charge of day-to-day running of the works; Fenton was the accountant.

Steam engine manufacture
Although the firm still served the textile industry, Murray began to consider how the design of steam engines could be improved. He wanted to make them simpler, lighter, and more compact. He also wanted the steam engine to be a self-contained unit that could readily be assembled on site with pre-determined accuracy. Many existing engines suffered from faulty assembly, which took much effort to correct. One problem that Murray faced was that James Pickard had already patented the crank and flywheel method of converting linear motion to circular motion. Murray ingeniously got round this difficulty by introducing a Tusi couple hypocycloidal straight line mechanism. This consisted of a large fixed ring with internal teeth. Around the inside of this ring a smaller gear wheel, with half the outer one's diameter, would roll driven by the piston rod of the steam engine, which was attached to the gear's rim. As the piston rod moved backwards and forwards in a straight line, its linear motion would be converted into circular motion by the gear wheel. The gear wheel's bearing was attached to a crank on the flywheel shaft. When he used the hypocycloidal straight line mechanism he was able to build engines that were more compact and lightweight than previous ones. However, Murray ceased to use this type of motion as soon as Pickard's patent expired. In 1799 William Murdoch, who worked for the firm of Boulton and Watt, invented a new type of steam valve, called the D slide valve. This, in effect, slid backwards and forwards admitting steam to one end of the cylinder then the other. Matthew Murray improved the working of these valves by driving them with an eccentric gear attached to the rotating shaft of the engine.

Murray also patented an automatic damper that controlled the furnace draft depending on the boiler pressure, and he designed a mechanical hopper that automatically fed fuel to the firebox. Murray was the first to adopt the placing of the piston in a horizontal position in the steam engine. He expected very high standards of workmanship from his employees, and the result was that Fenton, Murray and Wood produced machinery of a very high precision. He designed a special planing machine for planing the faces of the slide valves. Apparently this machine was kept in a locked room, to which only certain employees were allowed access.

The Murray Hypocycloidal Engine in Thinktank museum, Birmingham, England, is the third-oldest working engine in the world, and the oldest working engine with a hypocycloidal straight line mechanism.

The Round Foundry
As a result of the high quality of his steam engines, sales increased a great deal and it became apparent that a new engine assembly shop was required. Murray designed this himself, and produced a huge three-storeyed circular building known as the Round Foundry. This contained a centrally mounted steam engine to power all of the machines in the building. Murray also built a house for himself adjoining the works. The design of this was pioneering, as each room was heated by steam pipes, so that it became known locally as Steam Hall.

Hostility of Boulton and Watt
The success that Fenton, Murray and Wood enjoyed because of the high quality of their workmanship attracted the hostility of competitors, Boulton and Watt. The latter firm sent employees William Murdoch and Abraham Storey to visit Murray, ostensibly on a courtesy visit, but in reality to spy on his production methods. Murray, rather foolishly, welcomed them, and showed them everything. On their return they informed their employers that Murray's casting work and forging work were much superior to their own, and efforts were made to adopt many of Murray's production methods. There was also an attempt by the firm of Boulton and Watt to obtain information from an employee of Fenton, Murray and Wood by bribery. Finally, James Watt jnr purchased land adjacent to the workshop in an attempt to prevent the firm from expanding.

Boulton and Watt successfully challenged two of Murray's patents. Murray's patent of 1801, for improved air pumps and other innovations, and of 1802, for a self-contained compact engine with a new type of slide valve, were contested and overturned. In both cases, Murray had made the mistake of including too many improvements together in the same patent. This meant that if any one improvement were found to have infringed a copyright, the whole patent would be invalidated.

Despite the manoeuvrings of Boulton and Watt, the firm of Fenton, Murray and Wood became serious rivals to them, attracting many orders.

Middleton Railway

In 1812 the firm supplied John Blenkinsop, manager of Brandling's Middleton Colliery, near Leeds, with the first twin-cylinder steam locomotive (Salamanca). This was the first commercially successful steam locomotive.

The double cylinder was Murray's invention; he paid Richard Trevithick a royalty for the use of his patented high pressure steam system, but improved upon it, using two cylinders rather than one to give a smoother drive.

Because only a lightweight locomotive could work on cast iron rails without breaking them, the total load they were capable of hauling was very much limited. In 1811, John Blenkinsop patented a toothed wheel and rack rail system. The toothed wheel was driven by connecting rods, and meshed with a toothed rail at one side of the track. This was the first rack railway, and had a gauge of 4 ft 1½ ins.

Once a system had been devised for making malleable iron rails, around 1819, the rack and pinion motion became unnecessary, apart from later use on mountain railways. However, until that time it enabled a small and lightweight locomotive to haul loads totalling at least 20 times its own weight. Salamanca was so successful that Murray made three more models. One of these was known as Lord Wellington, and the others are said to have been named Prince Regent and Marquis Wellington, though there is no known contemporary mention of those two names. The third locomotive intended for Middleton was sent, at Blenkinsop's request, to the Kenton and Coxlodge Colliery waggonway near Newcastle upon Tyne, where it appears to have been known as Willington. There it was seen by George Stephenson, who modelled his own locomotive Blücher on it, minus the rack drive, and therefore much less effective.

After two of the locomotives exploded, killing their drivers, and the remaining two were increasingly unreliable after at least 20 years’ hard labour, the Middleton colliery eventually reverted to horse haulage in 1835. Rumour has it that one remaining locomotive was preserved for some years at the colliery, but was eventually scrapped.

Marine engines
In 1811 the firm made a Trevithick-pattern high-pressure steam engine for John Wright, a Quaker of Great Yarmouth, Norfolk. The engine was fitted to the paddle steamer l'Actif, running out of Yarmouth. The ship was a captured privateer that had been purchased from the government. Paddle wheels were fitted to it and driven by the new engine. The ship was renamed Experiment and the engine was very successful, eventually being transferred to another boat, The Courier.

In 1816 Francis B. Ogden, the United States Consul in Liverpool received two large twin-cylinder marine steam engines from Murray's firm. Ogden then patented the design as his own in America. It was widely copied there and used to propel the Mississippi paddle steamers.

Textile innovations
Murray made important improvements to the machinery for heckling and spinning flax. Heckling was the preparation of flax for spinning by splitting and straightening the flax fibres. Murray's heckling machine gained him the gold medal of the Royal Society of Arts in 1809. At the time when these inventions were made the flax trade was on the point of expiring, the spinners being unable to produce yarn to a profit. The effect of his inventions was to reduce the cost of production, and improve the quality of the manufacture, thus establishing the British linen trade on a solid foundation. The production of flax-machinery became an important branch of manufacture at Leeds, large quantities being made for use at home as well as for exportation, giving employment to an increasing number of highly skilled mechanics.

Hydraulic presses
In 1814 Murray patented a hydraulic press for baling cloth, in which the upper and lower tables approached each other simultaneously. He improved upon the hydraulic presses invented by Joseph Bramah, and in 1825 designed a huge press for testing chain cables. His press, built for the Navy Board, was 34 ft long and could exert a force of 1,000 tons. The press was completed just before Murray's death.

Death
Matthew Murray died on 20 February 1826, at the age of sixty. He was buried in St Matthew's Churchyard in Holbeck, Leeds. His tomb was surmounted by a cast iron obelisk made at the Round Foundry. His firm survived until 1843. Several prominent engineers were trained there, including Benjamin Hick, Charles Todd, David Joy and Richard Peacock.

It is a testament to the good design and workmanship that went into his steam engines, that several of his big mill engines ran for over eighty years, and one of them, installed second-hand at the locomotive repair works at King's Cross, ran for over a century.

Murray's only son Matthew (c.1793–1835) served an apprenticeship at the Round Foundry and went to Russia; he founded an engineering business in Moscow, where he died age 42.

title: Matthew Murray


text:
File:Norapre.JPG

Summary
1947's Nora Prentiss poster

Fair use in Nora Prentiss
Though this image is subject to copyright, its use is covered by the U.S. fair use laws because:
 * 1) It's a low resolution copy of a Film Poster / VHS or DVD Cover.
 * 2) It doesn't limit the copyright owner's rights to sell the film in any way, in fact, it may encourage sales.
 * 3) Because of the low resolution, copies could not be used to make illegal copies of the artwork/image.
 * 4) The image is itself a subject of discussion in the article or used in the infobox thereof.
 * 5) The image  is significant because it was used to promoted a notable film.

Source

 * 1) Derived from a digital capture (photo/scan) of the Film Poster/ VHS or DVD Cover (creator of this digital version is irrelevant as the copyright in all equivalent images is still held by the same party). Copyright held by the film company or the artist.  Claimed as fair use regardless.

title: File:Norapre.JPG


text:
Iria (disambiguation)

Iria: Zeiram the Animation is a six-part anime series with starring its eponymous protagonist, Iria.

Iria or IRIA may also refer to:
 * Saint Iria, (c.635–653), Portuguese saint
 * Iria (river) or Staffora, a river in north-west Italy
 * Voghera or Iria, a town of in Lombardy
 * , a town within the municipality of Loures, Portugal
 * Islamic Republic of Iran Army
 * Institut de recherche en informatique et en automatique, a French computer science research institute
 * Iria, from Albanian mythology

title: Iria (disambiguation)


text:
Talk:Iria (disambiguation)

Untitled
"Iria" may be a Celtic toponym. --Wetman 04:23, 17 July 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Iria (disambiguation)


text:
The Gables

The Gables may refer to:

 * The Gables, a fictional school in The Adventure of the Lion's Mane, a Sherlock Holmes story by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle
 * The Gables, Gauteng, a suburb of Johannesburg, South Africa
 * The Gables at Cobb Village, a residential community in Royston, Georgia
 * Coral Gables, Florida is sometimes referred to as "The Gables"
 * The Gables Colonial Hospital New Plymouth, a heritage buildings from New Plymouth, registered by Heritage New Zealand as a Category 1 Historic Place.

title: The Gables


text:
User:ZachsMind

Biographical Data
My full name is Robert Shawn "Zach" Garland. Zach is a nickname that I've carried with me since 1985 when I was apocryphally involved with the Church of the SubGenius. Back then it was geekly fashionable to have pseudonyms, and mine was Doktor Zachary Carleton. I later discovered to my dismay that I was a trendy "Bobbie" and was deservedly shunned, but the "Zach" stuck and I still wear it with pride. Today, only solicitors, bill collectors, and some blood relatives call me "Robert." The "Mind" is added to "Zach" in almost all my online activity, because there's almost as many Zachs out there as there are Bobs or Roberts, but I've yet to encounter another "ZachsMind."

Update: There's another ZachsMind out there! He's like in Blogspot or something. Yes I'm unhappy.

Update to update: Wow. This page is still here? I haven't been here in ages. I no longer update Wiki pages cuz other ppl just remove anything I contribute. So i have moved on. I kibitz occasionally in Talk pages and then forget to go back and check progress. I guess I don't care.

Update to update to update: Wow. It's 2015 when I type this paragraph. The previous paragraph was years before that and the rest of this mess was years before that. I'm very old now. Next time I update this I may not have any teeth left.

Update to update to update to update: It's now August of 2018 and last October I lost a tooth so now my smile is akin to that of Alfred E. Neuman. Sorry for this 2018 interruption to the 2015 me.

Update to update to update continued: Hopefully next time I update this we'll finally have flying cars. (we don't. signed, 2018 me) We now return you to your previously scheduled rambling by a much younger me. end of update to update to update. (also end to update to update and update)

It helps to be unique in one's mediocrity. I was born a Texan, and still reside in Dallas, Texas, though I spent my most formidable years of childhood in southeast Michigan which means I only have a thick southern twang after having consumed nominal amounts of alcohol. Otherwise I sound like a midwesterner failing to fake an accent. I can most easily be reached at my address [mailto:zachsmind@yahoo.com ZachsMind@yahoo.com], and my online journal or 'blog' is located at www.zachsmind.com.

Update: I am no longer master of my own domain. Check me in Twitter or Wordpress. Or Google me. (This is still relatively accurate as of 2018, as is most of this page.)

My first recorded contribution to Wikipedia was on April 26, 2003, where I introduced reference to the term Vigilante as it applies to comic books and dime novels. Others have since expanded upon the idea. I may have made contributions prior to that, but was not registered and therefore haven't proof. Other pages to which I have made minor contributions include Sarah Vowell, Sam Seder, and Al Franken. I am perhaps uneccessarily cautious in contributing, because I believe others are generally better informed.

Update: I don't think I did any of the 'mission goals' listed below. I'm very Slackful.

2018 Update: I still don't believe anyone has ever read this page. (glances at archive) well in years anyway.

Mission Goals

 * List of halloween songs
 * Figure out how to add fancy stuff to this page so I don't look like such a n00b.
 * Learn the coding and markup of WikiPedia so I feel more comfortable with contributing.
 * Expand upon Wikipedia pages of interest to me (where appropriate), like links adjacent to:
 * Air America Radio
 * Church of the SubGenius
 * Music of Texas
 * Crisis on Infinite Earths and other comic book related articles.
 * Movies
 * Everything2
 * Kingdom of Loathing
 * Mystery Science Theater 3000

Contributions
The following links are pages to which I've contributed. In most cases, not by much.
 * Wikipedia
 * Steady, As She Goes by The Raconteurs (covers section, Adele reference)
 * Air America Radio
 * Al Franken
 * Firefly (television series)
 * Helen Thomas
 * Janeane Garofalo
 * Sam Seder
 * Sarah Vowell
 * The Majority Report
 * Vigilante

 * Wikiquote
 * Janeane Garofalo
 * George Carlin
 * Jerry Springer
 * Firefly
 * Buffy the Vampire Slayer
 * Carl Sagan
 * Mystery Science Theater 3000
 * Helen Thomas
 * George W. Bush
 * Al Franken
 * Joss Whedeon
 * David Lynch
 * Advertising slogans
 * Independence Day
 * The Princess Bride
 * List of films
 * Anonymous
 * Back To The Future
 * Finding Nemo
 * Frank Zappa
 * Parenting

title: User:ZachsMind


text:
Columbia Glacier (Washington)

Columbia Glacier is a glacier located in the Henry M. Jackson Wilderness in the U.S. state of Washington. It descends from 5600 ft to 4700 ft above sea level. It is surrounded by Columbia Peak, Monte Cristo Peak, and Kyes Peak and is a source of water for Blanca Lake and Troublesome Creek, a tributary of the North Fork Skykomish River.

The glacier retreated 278 ft between 1979 and 2004. The retreat is due to recent reduced winter snowpack and more summer melting leading to negative mass balance. The glacier is in disequilibrium with climate and will continue to thin and retreat.

title: Columbia Glacier (Washington)


text:
Conseil scolaire de district du Grand Nord de l'Ontario

The Conseil scolaire du Grand Nord (known as French-language Public District School Board No. 57 prior to 1999 ) manages the French-language schools in much of Northern Ontario. The area in which this school board operates covers 64238 km2 of Ontario.

The legal name of the school board is Conseil scolaire du Grand Nord, but it was previously known as:
 * Conseil scolaire public du Grand Nord de l'Ontario
 * CSPGNO
 * Conseil scolaire de District du Grand Nord de l'Ontario

The Conseil scolaire du Grand Nord is a member of the Association des conseillers(ères) des écoles publique de l'Ontario (ACÉPO).

Other public French-language school boards in Ontario
There are 3 other public French-language school boards in Ontario:
 * Conseil des écoles publiques de l'Est de l'Ontario (CÉPEO)
 * Conseil scolaire de district du Nord-Est de l'Ontario (CSDNE)
 * Conseil scolaire de district du Centre-Sud-Ouest (CSDCSO)


text:
Thomas Payne

Thomas Payne (c. 1718 – 1799) was an important bookseller and publisher in 18th-century London.

Life
Payne was born in Brackley, Northamptonshire. From 1750 he ran a shop at Mews Gate in Castle Street near Leicester Fields (the site is now occupied by the National Gallery). The premises were notoriously small, but popular with the literati of that period.

Referred to as the "Literary Coffee House", the shop became a sort of club during the day for discussions on all subjects. Patrons included George Steevens, Thomas Crofts, John Hoole and Thomas Tyrwhitt. Payne issued sale catalogues on a regular basis, as did many of his contemporaries, and these are now good sources of information about prices, popular books, bookbinding, and other aspects of 18th-century book history.

Payne's daughter Sarah married James Burney, a naval officer and brother of novelist Frances Burney, some of whose work Payne had published. He retired to Finchley in 1790 leaving the business in the hands of his son, also Thomas Payne (1752–1831). He is buried at St. Mary’s church in Finchley, north London.

title: Thomas Payne


text:
Vincent Sherman

Vincent Sherman (born Abraham Orovitz, July 16, 1906 – June 18, 2006) was an American director and actor who worked in Hollywood. His movies include Mr. Skeffington (1944), Nora Prentiss (1947), and The Young Philadelphians (1959).

He began his career as an actor on Broadway and later in film. He directed B-movies for Warner Bros. and then moved to directing to A-pictures. He was a good friend of actor Errol Flynn, whom he directed in Adventures of Don Juan (1949). He directed three Joan Crawford movies: The Damned Don't Cry (1950), Harriet Craig (1950), and Goodbye, My Fancy (1951).

Early life
Sherman was born Abraham Orovitz to Jewish parents. He was born and raised in the small town of Vienna, Georgia, where his father was a dry-goods salesman. Not long after graduating from Oglethorpe University in Atlanta, he became a professional actor.

Career
Sherman arrived in New York City to sell a play and soon became a stage director and actor. As a stage actor, he made his Broadway debut in the ensemble of Eugene O’Neill’s Marco Millions (1928). He arrived in Hollywood during the early sound era, where he appeared in William Wyler's 1933 film Counsellor at Law starring John Barrymore. In 1938, Sherman signed on at Warner Bros. as a director. His first film as a director was the 1939 horror film The Return of Doctor X, which starred Humphrey Bogart. The 2006 release of The Return of Doctor X included a director's commentary that Sherman had recorded that year at the age of 99.

Sherman quickly built a reputation for his ability to rewrite any script he was given and turn it into the basis for a successful film. It was these skills that led him to much bigger and star-studded pictures. Sherman was initially known as a "woman's director" during the mid 1940s, but his range expanded as his career developed.

After his film career wound up, Sherman ended his career in television. In 2004, he was the oldest of 21 individuals interviewed in the documentary film Imaginary Witness, a work that chronicled 60 years of film-making about the Holocaust.

Personal life
Sherman was married to Hedda (née Comorau) from 1931 until her death in 1984. The Shermans had two children together, a son, Eric Sherman, and a daughter, Hedwin Naimark.

Sherman had a number of high-profile affairs during his life, including on-set affairs with Bette Davis and a three-year relationship with Joan Crawford. In his memoir Studio Affairs: My Life as a Film Director, he described his relationships with Crawford and Rita Hayworth. Until his death in 2006, he had been in a decade-long relationship with actress Francine York.

Death
Sherman died on June 18, 2006, at age 99, at the Motion Picture and Television Country House and Hospital in Woodland Hills, California.

title: Vincent Sherman


text:
Harry Elfont

Harry Elfont (born April 5, 1968) is an American screenwriter and film director.

Born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and raised in nearby Lower Moreland Township, he met his creative partner Deborah Kaplan while they were both enrolled at the Tisch School of the Arts of New York University (NYU). They have since written several films together like: Can't Hardly Wait and Josie and the Pussycats.

Elfont was inducted into Lower Moreland High School's Hall of Fame in 1998.

Elfont is married to actress Corinne Reilly.

title: Harry Elfont


text:
Talk:Wendell R. Anderson

TIME cover
It is a pretty silly looking picture, but the photo of Gov. Anderson on the cover of TIME should be included at some point. —Mulad (talk) 04:30, July 17, 2005 (UTC)

 * The image was subsequently deleted
 * 04:38, 26 November 2005 Sherool (Talk | contribs) deleted "Image:Wendell Anderson TIME.jpg" (WP:CSD#I5: "Orphaned fair use image". Uploaded under a "fair use" claim, but not currently used in any articles. Have been listed in Category:Orphaned fairuse images for at least 7 days.)
 * Shinhan 10:31, 1 June 2007 (UTC)

how did it happen?
How did Anderson become senator? The story should be fleshed out. 71.34.12.79

Why did he resign?
He lost the election and was due to leave office in less than a week. Yet he resigns? Why? DavidRF (talk) 01:22, 7 August 2008 (UTC)

 * I don't know, but I suspect it was to give his successor a week additional seniority over others elected at the same time.--Appraiser (talk) 12:50, 7 August 2008 (UTC)

 * He was DFL. Boschwitz was IR.  Boschwitz beat him in the election.  Why would he help him out?  Plus, that seems like "cheating".  We'd hear about this happening much more often if that was why he did it.  What did the local papers say that week?  I'd like the clear this up because the Boschwitz article is very confusing... stating that he both beat Anderson in the election and was appointed to succeed him.  Its made doubly confusing because the other senate election that year (Durenberger) *was* a special election which  makes readers think there might be something special about the Boschwitz/Anderson election as well.  As far as I know, this was a standard Class 2 election. DavidRF (talk) 15:21, 7 August 2008 (UTC)

 * Boschwitz did best him in the election, and then after Anderson resigned, Boschwitz was appointed by the Governor to the post to fill out the last week of the term. I'll try to find a reference for the reason Anderson resigned.--Appraiser (talk) 15:42, 7 August 2008 (UTC)

title: Talk:Wendell R. Anderson


text: File:Prince Vault.jpg

title: File:Prince Vault.jpg


text:
Talk:Tom Riddle

Merope Guant bewitching
"[Merope Gaunt] bewitched [Tom Riddle Sr.] into marrying her with a love potion." - I just read this bit a couple of hours ago. This is only conjecture by Dumbledore, on the grounds that she would have thought it romantic to do so. I've edited the pertinent part a bit in the course of doing some general clean-up on the article. User:SimonCrowley

Birthplace and orphanage
"Before Voldemort graduated from Hogwarts, he returned to Little Hangleton, the village where he was born..." -- was he born in Little Hangleton? Was the orphanage there? --St. Chris 15:22, 28 July 2005 (UTC)

The orphanage was in London; his mother died after giving birth there.

Links to Tom Riddle
Back when we thought we were just going to have Tom Riddle as a redirect page to Lord Voldemort, I changed a ton of links throughout WP from Tom Riddle to Lord Voldemort to avoid the redirect. Now that it seems clear to have both pages we need to have people change them back. --Lord Voldemort (Dark Mark) 17:48, 26 July 2005 (UTC)

Birthday

 * There are two different schools of thought here. The Chamber of secrets was opened fifty years from 1993 at which time Tom Riddle was sixteen so minus 66 years and he was born on New Years Eve 1927. But according to the "official timeline" from some DVD Hagrid was expelled in 1942 so Voldemort being 16 in 1942 would have been born in 1926. I trust the books more so I'm in favor of going with 1927 as the birthdate, which would make both articles' given birthdays wrong. *shrugs*TonyJoe 14:36, 4 August 2005 (UTC)
 * I just changed both articles to 1927TonyJoe 14:40, 4 August 2005 (UTC)

Merger?
Why does this not just redirect to the Lord Voldemort page? That seems to make the most sense... 69.245.44.22

 * To avoid spoilers for someone reading CoS. Even with the spoiler warning, it's hard to avoid the next sentence that's something like "TOM RIDDLE IS VOLDEMORT."  I edited it back to the way it was awhile back when I looked at it. User:Zakharov

 * Our job is to provide information, not coodle people who are so silly as to have stories ruined for them just because they know what will happen and those stupid enough to look at articles for something that they don't want spoiled. Apostrophe 00:16, 14 August 2005 (UTC)

Since information here is pretty much redundant with Lord Voldemort, we can do like Anakin Skywalker and make a soft redirect. They're the same person, so we really don't need two articles. KramarDanIkabu 03:16, 13 August 2005 (UTC)

It's been suggested on the Tom Riddle, Lord Voldemort, and the WikiProject Harry Potter page that the the Tom Riddle and Lord Voldemort pages be merged and one be made a oft redirect.Sounds like a good idea but no one ever did anything about it so... here I am. Objections? TonyJoe 00:48, 14 August 2005 (UTC)

 * First of all, look at the top of this talk page, where User:Zakharov objects. I also object to the merger for the same reasons; on Talk:Lord Voldemort there are also objections by User:Messedrocker and User:User:67.149.161.230. The Tom Riddle article could focus on the person's life before becoming Lord Voldemort, while the Lord Voldemort article focuses on the person's life after giving up the identity of Tom Riddle. This prevents forcing spoilers on people without even a spoiler warning. —Lowellian (reply) 08:38, August 27, 2005 (UTC)

 * Actually, I've now moved all the merger comments together under one heading so that they can be more easily viewed, so User:Zakharov's comment is only a little bit above rather than at the top of the page. —Lowellian (reply) 08:49, August 27, 2005 (UTC)

Melkor and Morgoth of the Silmarillion dont have articles separate from each other, nor do Anakin Skywalker and Darth Vader (softredirect). Outside of fiction, historical people, Like Caesar Augustus formerly Gaius Octavius, and Pope Benedict XVI known before the papacy, as Joseph Alois Ratzinger (not to mention his 265 predecessors), dont have their early history and later history divided into two different articles, why should Tom Riddle/ Lord Voldemort? Are there any characters/people/figures who have their early and late history divided into separate wikipedia articles, if anyone knows i'd like to read them, rationale behind those decisions could help here, the Vader precedent certainly does. For all those who have expressed spoiler concerns, why cant the Tom Riddle be made a soft Redirect, the Same Way Anakin is for Vader, the same way The Half blood Prince (character) was for ...), pre-HBP release. We could combine the articles which seems practical, and to as Apostrophe said, coddle readers, which seems to be desired here. TonyJoe 07:08, 28 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Merger makes sense. It has my support. Saberwyn 03:51, 4 November 2005 (UTC)

In Rowling's books, yes, Tom Riddle is Lord Voldemort. However, in Book Six, Dumbledore seems to refer to him, in his child/young adult entity almost exclusively as Tom Riddle. Also in the case of Lucifer, in the Christian tradition, he is not the devil. He is still an angel, corrupted as he may become. His name is not Satan. (see seperate Lucifer and Satan articles) Some may argue that they are the same entity. Such is also the case with Tom Riddle. In Chamber of Secrets, it is also only Tom Riddle, in the form of the horcrux diary, who manipulates Ginny to achieve his ends. It is this entity of himself which is seperate from Lord Voldemort.

Support merger. I know this isn't a vote, but I wanted to highlight my support like that. Since this was all the way back in book 2, the spoiler potential is unnecessary. Any unique information can be safely merged with Lord Voldemort, and information unique to Tom Riddle as a separate entity can be safely inserted in a new section (how about "As Tom Riddle"?) in Lord Voldemort. --Deathphoenix 16:05, 28 December 2005 (UTC)

 * Support for merger. It is not necessary to have two seperate articles, they are the same person. Seperating them just creates more repetition of information. With regards to worries about spoiling, we cannot restrict wikipedia just because of a possibility that someone may at some point be a bit miffed because they haven't got to that part in the book yet. Please remember this is an encyclopedia not a film/book review which should not give away plot details, a clear spoiler message at the start of the article should suffice and anyone who does read-on and spoils thier book, well more fool them. Also the argument for this article on the grounds of spoiling CoS is invalid as the details of Riddle being Voldemort are also included in the CoS article, so why worry if it is also included in the Voldemort article? Death Eater Dan 09:59, 22 January 2006 (UTC)

Soft redirect
I have placed a soft redirect on this page. The material is all in Lord Voldemort, and as the pages were before, they both contain spoiler information about riddle being voldemort. This way, it is possible to give a workable spoiler warning for anyone that they are about to discover something. I would suggest linking to the Voldemort page when there is no secret to hide (which is the very large majority of links from other pages), and only explicitly linking to this page from other pages where the secret is being kept. Sandpiper 16:05, 27 January 2006 (UTC)

title: Talk:Tom Riddle