text:
Michael Monroe

Matti Antero Kristian Fagerholm (born 17 June 1962), better known by his stage name Michael Monroe, is a Finnish rock musician who rose to fame as the vocalist and saxophonist for the glam punk band Hanoi Rocks, and has served as the frontman for all-star side projects, such as Demolition 23 and Jerusalem Slim (with Steve Stevens).

Early life
Michael Monroe was born Matti "Makke" Fagerholm on 17 June 1962. His father, Pentti Fagerholm (1935–2015), was a very well known Finnish radio personality and reporter. Monroe states in the Hanoi Rocks autobiography All Those Wasted Years that one of the first times he was exposed to rock n' roll was when he saw Black Sabbath's 1970 Paris performance on television. Some other favourite bands of Monroe's at the time included: Alice Cooper, The New York Dolls, Led Zeppelin, Creedence Clearwater Revival, and Little Richard. From 1976 to 1979, Monroe played in a band called Madness. During this time, while rehearsing in a basement of a church in Töölö, Monroe met guitarist Andy McCoy (then known as Antti Hulkko); McCoy's band, Briard, was also rehearsing there at the time.

Later, Monroe and McCoy played together for a short time in a band called Bolin. Monroe then went on to play saxophone in Maukka Perusjätkä's band, where he also met guitarist Nasty Suicide. Monroe auditioned as a bassist for Pelle Miljoona Oy but, even though the audition went well, they chose bassist Sami Yaffa.

Hanoi Rocks (1979–1985)
Hanoi Rocks was a band that Monroe and his friend, guitarist Andy McCoy, had thought of, but because McCoy was in the Finnish punk band Pelle Miljoona Oy, he told Monroe to start the band without him. From the very first Hanoi line-up only one member (besides Monroe) remained, rhythm guitarist Nasty Suicide, who would stay in the band until 1985. Andy McCoy left Pelle Miljoona Oy and joined Hanoi Rocks in 1980. McCoy also brought bassist Sami Yaffa with him. The band later recruited drummer Gyp Casino.

The band released their first album in 1981 titled Bangkok Shocks, Saigon Shakes, Hanoi Rocks, with most of the songs written by McCoy. The album was produced by Andy McCoy and Michael Monroe, who were known as "The Muddy Twins". In 1982 Hanoi Rocks moved to London and released their second studio album Oriental Beat, which the band later dismissed as a failure, stating that the album was mixed badly by the producer Pete Woolcroft.

After the album's release, the band fired drummer Gyp Casino and hired Nicholas Dingley, better known as Razzle. This line-up, consisting of Michael Monroe, Andy McCoy, Nasty Suicide, Sami Yaffa and Razzle, has often been cited as the classic and definitive line-up. The band has said that Razzle revitalised them. Later that year, the band released Self Destruction Blues, which had Razzle on the cover, but he didn't play on the album because it was actually a compilation of old singles. The tour for the album took the band to Asia for the first time.

The next year, 1983, the band released Back to Mystery City. In 1984, the band got together with producer Bob Ezrin and started work on their fifth studio album Two Steps from the Move, which was their first recording deal to US markets. The original title of the album was "Silver Missiles and Nightingales", but this was changed before release. The album has been cited as one of the best glam rock albums, and Monroe has said that he "is very proud of it".

In 1984, Michael Monroe and Hanoi Rocks were among the most popular performers in the UK. The readers of the Sounds magazine voted Hanoi Rocks as the second best band in the world just after Marillion. The Hanoi Rocks single release "Underwater World" and the album Two Steps from the Move were voted as the fifth best single and album of the year. The televised concert which Hanoi Rocks recorded in England was voted as the second best concert video, and as stage performers, the group was voted No. 3. Michael Monroe was voted as "The Sex Symbol of the Year". Kerrang! magazine readers voted Hanoi Rocks as the ninth most important newcomer, and their album was chosen as the tenth best album of the year. The readers of Kerrang! also voted Michael Monroe the seventh sexiest performer in the music business.

While on their first large tour in the US, Monroe fractured his ankle, and some dates had to be pushed back. The band traveled to Los Angeles to spend some free time and to prepare for their two upcoming sold-out gigs. Some of the band members joined in with the members of Mötley Crüe to have a party at the home of Mötley Crüe singer Vince Neil while Monroe decided to stay in his hotel room and rest. During the party Razzle and Neil got into a car crash that resulted in Razzle losing his life.

After Razzle's death, the band performed in Helsinki, Finland, in a concert which was partly televised all over Europe as part of the 'Europa Go Go' project. The show had over 500 million viewers across Europe and it was the first public concert with their new drummer, Terry Chimes. It was also the last performance of Hanoi Rocks with Sami Yaffa who left the band due to personal differences with McCoy. The band tried to record some demos with the new members, Rene Berg and Terry Chimes, but according to Michael Monroe, things "didn't feel the same anymore", and the band disbanded after a short tour of Poland. One of the shows in Poland was recorded and later became the Rock and Roll Divorce album, released after the band had already split up.

Solo years and other projects (1985–2001)
After Hanoi Rocks broke up in 1985, Monroe decided to start his solo career, but first he got to work with his good friend Stiv Bators. In the Fall of 1985, Bators and Monroe were asked by Steven Van Zandt to record backing vocals in London and then fly to New York to appear on his song "Sun City" and its music video. Both agreed and recorded backing vocals for the song, and both can be seen in the music video.

In December 1985, Monroe announced that he would move to New York, and in 1986, Monroe founded his first solo band. In 1987, he released his first solo album, Nights Are So Long. The album was a moderate hit, but it attracted big record labels: In 1988, Monroe signed to Mercury Records. In 1989, Monroe's second solo album was released, titled Not Fakin' It. The album featured guest appearances by Monroe's friends and fellow musicians, including Steven Van Zandt, Ian Hunter and Nasty Suicide. The album reached number 161 on the US Billboard Charts, and was Monroe's first album to be distributed internationally. The album also got good reviews from critics. Music videos were shot for the singles "Dead, Jail or Rock 'N' Roll" and "Man With No Eyes". Axl Rose appeared in the music video for "Dead, Jail or Rock 'N' Roll". At that time, Michael Monroe hosted MTV's Headbangers Ball where he introduced the new music video to the world.

When Not Fakin' It was released, the Guns N' Roses record label, UZI Suicide, was re-releasing Hanoi Rocks albums in America. Guns N' Roses guitarist Slash also made a guest appearance on Monroe's Los Angeles shows in December 1989, performing the song "Looking at You". Aerosmith's lead singer Steven Tyler had also taken notice of Monroe and asked him to perform with Aerosmith at Les Paul's 75th birthday at the Hard Rock Cafe in New York. Monroe played saxophone on the song "Big Ten Inch Record." He mostly spent the rest of 1989 and 1990 touring.

In the turn of the decade, Monroe performed along with Bryan Adams, Don Henley, Huey Lewis and Loudness in two New Year's shows at the 70,000-seat Tokyo Dome in Japan, on December 31, 1989 and January 1, 1990.

Monroe's solo career didn't prove to be as successful as he'd hoped, so in 1990 he decided to put together a new band. The band was called Jerusalem Slim, and was completed by former Billy Idol-guitarist Steve Stevens, Sami Yaffa, Greg Ellis and Ian McLagan.

In 1991, Monroe was asked by Guns N' Roses to appear on their Use Your Illusion I album, where he plays the harmonica and saxophone on the song "Bad Obsession". Monroe also later appeared on GNR's 1993 album, "The Spaghetti Incident?", where he sang on the cover of The Dead Boys' "Ain't It Fun". At the time, Monroe also joined Guns N' Roses on stage performing Honky Tonk Women together with the band members and Ronnie Wood of the Rolling Stones.

Jerusalem Slim released an album titled Jerusalem Slim but broke up in 1992, due to Monroe and Stevens' musical disagreements. Next, Monroe tried to form another band called Demolition 23. with Yaffa, Jimmy Clark and ex Star Star Guitarist Jay Hening, who was eventually replaced by Nasty Suicide. Demolition 23. did release an album, titled Demolition 23. and they toured successfully, for example, in Japan and Europe, but the band broke up after Suicide announced that he would be retiring from the music business.

During the rest of the 1990s and the early 2000s, Monroe released four more solo albums before re-forming Hanoi Rocks with Andy McCoy.

Reformation of Hanoi Rocks (2002–2009)
In 2002, McCoy and Monroe started working together again and decided to reform Hanoi Rocks with two new members on guitar and bass, and with Michael Monroe's solo career drummer, Lacu. Hanoi Rocks released Twelve Shots on the Rocks in 2003. In 2005 Hanoi Rocks released Another Hostile Takeover replacing the two former members with Andy Christell on bass and Conny Bloom on guitar (both formerly of the Electric Boys). In 2007 the band released the album Street Poetry. In 2008 Andy McCoy and Michael Monroe stated that they had taken the band as far as they could, and so they decided to end the band. In April 2009, Hanoi Rocks played 8 sold out farewell gigs in 6 days at the Tavastia Club, in Helsinki. The band's original guitarist Nasty Suicide appeared as a special guest on 3 of the last gigs.

Ari Väntänen's, Michael Monroe's and Andy McCoys's book All Those Wasted Years was published later in 2009 in Finland, telling the story of Hanoi Rocks from the beginning to the end.

In June 2009, Monroe performed in Helsinki and in Tampere, on Sauna Open Air -festival with Duff McKagans Loaded band. On 3 July 2009, Monroe also performed in Finland, at the Ruisrock -festival with Ginger's band, The Wildhearts. At the end of July, Monroe also shared the stage for the first time in many years with Sami Yaffa when his band, the New York Dolls, were performing in Helsinki. After these performances with Yaffa and Ginger, Monroe and Yaffa started discussing the possibility of working together again. In December 2009, Monroe met Ginger again while he was playing in Alice Cooper's band. Monroe joined Alice Cooper on stage at Cooper's concert in Espoo, Finland, to play "School's Out". After the show, Ginger and Monroe discussed the possibilities of working together, and soon afterwards, Monroe, Ginger and Yaffa decided to line up a band together.

New band (2010–present)
On 25 January 2010 Michael Monroe held a press conference in Los Angeles, where he unveiled his new band featuring Sami Yaffa on bass, guitarist Ginger from The Wildhearts, Todd Youth from Danzig and Samhain on a second guitar, and Jimmy Clarke on drums. The press conference was hosted by Bam Margera of Jackass. The Michael Monroe band started touring on 11 March at San Francisco's Paradise Lounge and toured the US until 21 March. After some of the first shows Todd Youth and Jimmy Clark were replaced by guitarist Steve Conte of New York Dolls and drummer Karl Rosqvist.

During the summer of 2010 Michael Monroe band played a number of festival gigs all over the world, including Helsinki Live in Finland together with Guns N' Roses, the Sweden Rock Festival and the Download Festival in England. The band also performed at Ruisrock festival in Turku, Finland, where Slash was also performing. Monroe joined Slash on stage for a performance of "We're All Gonna Die" (from Slash's solo album) and "Up Around the Bend." At the Ankkarock festival in Finland, Steve Conte couldn't perform and he was replaced for this one show with the ex-Hanoi Rocks guitarist, Nasty Suicide. Since the early 1990s and the Demolition 23 tour this was the first time of these three members of the original Hanoi Rocks to perform on the stage together. Michael Monroe also performed on Summer Sonic festivals in Tokyo and Osaka, where Slash was also performing. The two got together again sharing a stage for a couple of songs. During the performance of the song "We're All Gonna Die" Monroe broke two of his ribs while hitting a metal barrel in front of the stage.

On 28 June 2010, it was announced that the Michael Monroe band would be supporting Motörhead on their 35th anniversary UK tour.

The first album of Michael Monroe's new band, the live album Another Night in the Sun was released in September 2010. The album was recorded at the Tavastia Club in Helsinki, Finland and mixed in Los Angeles by Niko Bolas (Keith Richards, Kiss, Spinal Tap). The album was mastered by Grammy winner Richard Dodd, who had worked with Tom Petty and The Dixie Chicks.

In September 2010, the band went into a studio to record their first studio album, Sensory Overdrive. The album was recorded in Los Angeles and it was produced by producer Jack Douglas (Aerosmith, John Lennon). The first single, "78", was released in January and the album was set for release on 14 March 2011. The band had also booked an extensive UK tour for April 2010, taking in venues in London, Brighton, Birmingham, Leeds and Exeter among others. In September 2010, Monroe signed a recording deal with Spinefarm Records / Universal Music, to distribute Monroe's upcoming albums.

On 9 November 2011, Sensory Overdrive won the "Album of the Year" award at the 2011 Classic Rock magazine awards.

In fall 2012, Michael Monroe announced that the band would be back in the studio recording a new album to be released in 2013. By July Steven Van Zandt played the well-received lead single, "Ballad of the Lower East Side", on his radio show almost weekly. On 23 August 2013 the band released Horns & Halos, which went straight to number 1 in the Finnish album charts and was certified Gold in four days in Finland.

On 6 March 2014, it was announced that guitarist Dregen was leaving the band to focus on his solo career. He would be replaced by former Black Halos, Amen and Ginger Wildheart guitarist Rich Jones.

Personal life
Unlike other members of Hanoi Rocks in the 1980s, Monroe was never a big drug user or a big drinker although in the band's book All Those Wasted Years, Monroe tells about being addicted for a short while to amphetamine and heroin in the 1980s while living in London, and to amphetamine between 2000 and 2002 after his first wife died.

During his years in music business, Michael Monroe has established a close friendship with many music business icons including the late Stiv Bators and Johnny Thunders – both idols of Monroe's, Steven Van Zandt who produced Monroe's album with Demolition 23, Deborah Harry, Axl Rose, Slash, Duff McKagan and Alice Cooper.

Michael Monroe and Hanoi Rocks have influenced many rock'n'roll artists and bands: Slash had bought tickets to the sold-out gigs in Los Angeles which were cancelled because of the death of Razzle. Vince Neil and Nikki Sixx of Mötley Crüe and bands like Guns N' Roses have said in public that they were all inspired by Hanoi Rocks. In the Hanoi Rocks autobiography All Those Wasted Years, Foo Fighters guitarist Chris Shiflett says "The Hollywood scene changed in just one night after people saw the pictures of Hanoi Rocks. After that everyone was wearing the same kind of hair, clothes and make up as Monroe." Michael Monroe and Hanoi Rocks have often been mentioned as the founding fathers of the Hollywood's glam-rock scene, which was then adopted and developed by many 1980s glam-, punk-, and hard rock bands like Mötley Crüe, Jetboy, LA Guns and Poison.

Monroe met his first wife Jude Wilder in 1985 while she was working at CBS for Hanoi Rocks' Two Steps From The Move project. After they married in 1989, the couple moved to Los Angeles and then to New York. Later on the couple moved to Turku, a city in Finland, where Monroe relocated after many years in the United States. Wilder died of intracranial hemorrhage on 19 June 2001. Michael Monroe married his current wife, Johanna, on 3 July 2003.

Discography

 * Solo albums
 * Nights Are So Long (1987)
 * Not Fakin' It (1989)
 * Peace of Mind (1996)
 * Life Gets You Dirty (1999)
 * Take Them and Break Them (2002)
 * Whatcha Want (2003)
 * Another Night in the Sun: Live in Helsinki (live album) (2010)
 * Sensory Overdrive (2011)
 * Horns and Halos (2013)
 * Blackout States (2015)
 * One Man Gang (2019)
 * I Live Too Fast to Die Young! (2022)

 * Singles
 * "Keep It Up" (1987)
 * "Nights Are So Long" (1987)
 * "She's No Angel" (1987)
 * "Dead, Jail or Rock 'N' Roll (1989)
 * "She's No Angel" (1989)
 * "Not Fakin' It" (1989)
 * "Man With No Eyes" (1989)
 * "While You Were Looking At Me" (1990)
 * "Magic Carpet Ride" (Featuring Slash, 1990)
 * "Make It Go Away" (1996)
 * "Stranded" (2003)
 * "Superpowered Superfly" (2010)
 * "'78" (2011)
 * "Trick Of The Wrist" (2011)
 * "Ballad Of The Lower East Side" (2013)
 * "Eighteen Angels" (2013)
 * "Stained Glass Heart" (2013)
 * "Old King's Road" (2015)
 * "Goin' Down With The Ship" (2015)
 * "One Foot Outta The Grave" (2017)
 * "One Man Gang" (2019)
 * "Last Train To Tokyo" (2019)
 * "Murder The Summer Of Love" (2022)
 * "Can't Stop Falling Apart" (2022)
 * ”Everybody’s Nobody” (2022)

 * Hanoi Rocks albums
 * Bangkok Shocks, Saigon Shakes, Hanoi Rocks (1981)
 * Oriental Beat (1982)
 * Self Destruction Blues (1982)
 * Back to Mystery City (1983)
 * All Those Wasted Years (Live) (1983)
 * Two Steps from the Move (1984)
 * Rock & Roll Divorce (Live) (1985)
 * Twelve Shots on the Rocks (2002)
 * Another Hostile Takeover (2005)
 * Street Poetry (2007)

 * Jerusalem Slim albums
 * Jerusalem Slim (1992)

 * Demolition 23. albums
 * Demolition 23. (1994)

 * Fallen Angels
 * Fallen Angels 1984

 * Guest appearances
 * London Cowboys: Street Full of Soul (1983)
 * Hook, Line and Sinker: Hook, Line and Sinker and Saigon (1983)
 * Tall in the Saddle (1984)
 * It Takes Time (1985)
 * Artists United Against Apartheid: Sun City (1985)
 * Que Sera Sera – Johnny Thunders album (1985)
 * Long Time Coming (1986)
 * Dance Crazy (1987)
 * Guns N' Roses: Use Your Illusion I (1991)
 * WOW! WOW! OUI! OUI! (1992)
 * Chinese Rocks – Ultimate Thunders Live Collection (1993)
 * Guns N' Roses: "The Spaghetti Incident?" (1993)
 * Various artists: Coneheads: Music From The Motion Picture Soundtrack (1993)
 * Warrior Soul: Chill Pill (1993)
 * Johnny On Rocks featuring the whole Hanoi Rocks (1996)
 * Dogtown Balladeers: A Tale Worth Hearing (1996)
 * Countdown Love (1997)
 * Backyard Babies: Total 13 (1998) on the bonus track 'Rocker'
 * Kerma: Kerma plays Rolling Stones (1998)
 * The 4 Faces: Best Of Both Worlds b/w Poison Heart (single) (2002)
 * I Only Wrote This Song For You – A Tribute to Johnny Thunders (2003)
 * White Flame: Swimsuit Issue Centerfold (single) (2007)
 * Mikko Herranen: Kylmä Maailma (album) (2012)
 * Tarja Turunen: "Your Heaven and Your Hell" (2016)
 * Lordi: Killection (2020) on the track "Like a Bee to the Honey"
 * Rock-Criminals: "Get Yourself Together" (2023)

Literature – books about Michael Monroe

 * Michael Monroe [Hardcover], Ari Väntänen and Michael Monroe (2011)
 * All Those Wasted Years [Hardcover], Ari Väntänen, Andy McCoy and Michael Monroe (2010)
 * Sheriff McCoy: Outlaw Legend of Hanoi Rocks [Hardcover], Andy McCoy (English edition 2010)
 * 1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die. Quintet Publishing Limited. Macdonald, Bruno; Harrington, Jim, Dimery, Robert. ed. (2006)
 * Sound of the Beast: The Complete Headbanging History of Heavy Metal. HarperCollins. Christe, Ian (2003)
 * Boulevard of Broken Dreams [Hardcover], 1987

title: Michael Monroe


text:
Talk:Frogman (disambiguation)

Attribution
Material on this page was originally contained in the Frogman article. -- BD2412 talk 17:59, July 15, 2005 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Frogman (disambiguation)


text:
Bhima of Mahikavati

Bhima, also known as Bhimdev or Bimba-Shah, was a 13th-century Indian king (raja) who established his capital in Mahikavati, the present-day Mahim, in Mumbai. He is identified as a son of the king Ramadeva of Devagiri.

Bimbakhyan legend
Bimbakhyan ("The story of Bimba"), an old Marathi language poem, states that the king Bimbadev (or Bimbashah) came to Konkan travelling through Anahilavada in 1294 CE (1216 Shaka). He was accompanied by a number of people, who had left the kingdoms of Anahilavada and Devagiri because of Muslim invasions. Bimba halted at Mahim, then an island, and became enamoured with its beautiful scenery. He built a palace on the island, and his followers also built their residence there.

Based on the Bimbakhyan account, José Gerson da Cunha identified Bimba with Bhima II of the Chaulukya (Solanki) dynasty of Gujarat, whose capital was Anahilavada. In his Origin of Bombay, Cunha wrote that Bhima had come to Mahim after fleeing his capital as a result of Mahmud Ghaznavid's invasion in 1024 CE. However, this identification is incorrect, as the Chaulukya king who reigned during Mahmud's invasion was Bhima I: he returned to his capital as soon as Mahmud left, and ruled there until 1064 CE. The Jain chroniclers of Gujarat recorded the achievements of the Chaulukya kings in detail, but they do not mention any conquest of Konkan by Bhima I.

Bhima II (r. c. 1177–1240 CE) could not have been Bimba either, as he was a very weak monarch. According to the Gujarat chroniclers, his kingdom ended up being divided among his ministers and regional chiefs. Such a weak ruler could not have invaded Konkan and subdued the more powerful Shilahara kings such as Keshideva II. Kumarapala was the only Chaulukya king who invaded Konkan. But he did not rule the area. Northern Konkan was ruled by the Shilahara kings around 1260 CE, and after that by the Yadavas of Devagiri.

Persian firman account
According to a 1495 CE Persian language firman, 'Bimbashah' was a son of Ramachandra of Devagiri. After his father was defeated by Alauddin Khalji (c. 1296), Bimba fled to the Konkan coast. He was accompanied by rajguru (royal perceptor) Purushottam Pant Kavle and eleven umraos (consorts). In Konkan, he took control of the coastal towns, such as Parnera, Sanjan, Shirgaon and others. He himself came to Mahi (Mahim).

This account is corroborated by another Persian record from 1436 CE, which states that in 1290 CE (1212 Shalivahana era), 'Raja Bimbashah' took possession of a coastal territory from Karson. This "Karson" can be identified with Krishna, who was the governor of Ramadeva in northern Konkan. A 1299 CE danapatra (donation record) also states that king 'Bimbadeva' granted some land in present-day Mumbai to his rajguru Purushottam Kavle. These evidences prove that Bimba was Bhimadeva, the son of Ramachandra of Devagiri.

Religion
Bhimdeva built the Babulnath temple. The deity in this temple is named after the Babool trees which were the main components of a forest covering the low-lying areas of this island. He is said to have built a palace and a court of justice and temple of Prabhadevi.

title: Bhima of Mahikavati


text:
Emily Rosa

Emily Rosa (born February 6, 1987) is the youngest person to have a research paper published in a peer reviewed medical journal. At age nine Rosa conceived and executed a scientific study of therapeutic touch which was published in the Journal of the American Medical Association in 1998. She graduated from the University of Colorado at Denver in 2009 with a major in psychology. Her parents, Larry Sarner and Linda Rosa, are leaders of the advocacy group Advocates for Children in Therapy.

Therapeutic Touch study
In 1996, Rosa saw a video of Therapeutic Touch (TT) practitioners claiming they could feel a "Human Energy Field" (HEF) emanating from a human body and could use their hands to manipulate the HEF in order to diagnose and treat disease. She heard Dolores Krieger, the co-inventor of Therapeutic Touch, claim that everyone had the ability to feel the HEF, and Rosa heard other nurses say the HEF felt to them "warm as Jell-O" and "tactile as taffy." Rosa was impressed by how certain these nurses were about their abilities. She said, "I wanted to see if they really could feel something."

Using a standard science fair display board, Rosa devised a single-blind protocol, later described by other scientists as "simple and elegant", for a study she conducted at age nine for her 4th grade science fair. There were two series of tests. In 1996, 15 practitioners were tested at their home or office on different days over a period of several months. In 1997, 13 practitioners, including 7 from the first series, were tested on a single day. The second series was observed and videotaped by the producers of Scientific American Frontiers. Stephen Barrett, MD, of Quackwatch was senior author, her mother (Linda Rosa, RN) was lead author, and her stepfather (Larry Sarner) served as statistician when the experiment was written up for the Journal of the American Medical Association. The study, which included an extensive literature search, was published on April 1, 1998. George Lundberg, editor of JAMA, aware of the uniqueness of the situation, said: "Age doesn't matter. It's good science that matters, and this is good science".

The study tested the ability of 21 TT practitioners to detect the HEF when they were not looking. Rosa asked each of the practitioners to sit at a table and extend their hands through a screen. On the other side of the screen, Rosa randomly selected one of the TT practitioners' hands and held her own hand over it. The TT practitioners were then asked which of their hands detected Rosa's HEF. Subjects were each given ten tries, but they correctly located Rosa's hand an average of only 4.4 times. Some subjects were asked before testing to examine Rosa's hands and select which of her hands they thought produced the strongest HEF. Rosa then used that hand during the experiment, but those subjects performed no better. The results showed that TT practitioners could not detect the hand more often than chance, and Rosa and her co-authors therefore concluded that there was no empirical basis to the HEF and by extension therapeutic touch: "To our knowledge, no other objective, quantitative study involving more than a few TT practitioners has been published, and no well-designed study demonstrates any health benefit from TT. These facts, together with our experimental findings, suggest that TT claims are groundless and that further use of TT by health professionals is unjustified."

Reaction
Publication of Rosa's experiment in JAMA was an international media sensation. In an article in The New York Times, Rosa was likened to the child in the short tale "The Emperor's New Clothes". The article noted that Rosa's parents and helpers on the project were Linda Rosa, a registered nurse who had been campaigning against TT for nearly a decade, and Larry Sarner, chairman of the National Therapeutic Touch Study Group, an anti-TT organization.

David J Hufford claimed that the study presented ethical problems because the authors of the study enlisted the cooperation of the TT operators by presenting the study as just a "fourth grade science fair project." Hufford wrote that this was failure of full disclosure and deceit. But Hufford's analysis did not acknowledge that the first round of tests was, in fact, only a fourth grade science fair project done with no thought of future publication. Publication was suggested by Dr. Stephen Barrett months afterward when he learned that the study had taken place. The second round of tests was done at the request of Scientific American Frontiers, with the participants fully aware that they were being videotaped. No subsequent experiment has been undertaken overturning her findings. However, one published study clarified some of the issues that were raised at the time in parts of the skeptical community about the method and analysis of the data. Specifically, that study found that people should be expected to detect the presence of a hand at better than chance levels, most likely due to radiant heat because interposing heat blocking materials reduced accuracy to chance levels.

Therapeutic Touch experiment

 * 1999: Recognition by Guinness Book of World Records (ISBN 1-892051-01-X) as the youngest person to have research published in a scientific or medical journal.

Other work

 * 2000: Colorado Science and Engineering Fair: 1st Place, Junior Division Earth & Space Sciences, for Geodesy: Measuring the Circumference of the Earth with Original Instruments.
 * 2003: Atheist Alliance International:  "The Future of Free Thought" Award.

Appearances

 * ABC, CBS, NBC and PBS evening news; John Stossel specials; BBC, Fox, CNN, MSNBC; Nick News; Brazil Idea; I've Got a Secret; Denver TV; Scientific American Frontiers (three programs);  Discovery Channel (two programs); ABC radio; and NPR's All Things Considered.
 * Keynoted the 1998 Ig Nobel Ceremonies at Harvard, and accepted the Award in Science Education for an absent Dolores Krieger, who "could not or would not attend" herself. Krieger, a nursing professor and co-inventor of Therapeutic Touch, was cited "for demonstrating the merits of therapeutic touch, a method by which nurses manipulate the energy fields of ailing patients by carefully avoiding physical contact with those patients." In her keynote, Rosa expressed her gratitude that Dr. Krieger had, for two decades, left basic research in TT for her to do. The next day, Rosa delivered an "Ig Nobel" Address at MIT.
 * Stossel, John (October 6, 1998). "The Power of Belief". ABC News.
 * "New Age Medicine". Penn & Teller: Bullshit! 2008.

Publications

 * L Rosa, E Rosa, L Sarner, S Barrett, "A Close Look at Therapeutic Touch". Journal of the American Medical Association, April 1, 1998; 279(13):1005–1010.
 * "TT and Me", by Emily Rosa, Jr. Skeptic, 1998; 6(2):97–99.
 * "A Different Way to Heal?". Science Hotline: Scientists Answer Your Questions, with Emily Rosa, Scientific American Frontiers, PBS, June 4, 2002.
 * "How to Make an Alien Autopsy Cake," by Emily Rosa and Linda Rosa, Jr. Skeptic, 1999; 7(3):105.
 * "Growing Up Godless: How I Survived Amateur Secular Parenting" by Emily Rosa, in Parenting Beyond Belief: On Raising Ethical, Caring Kids Without Religion, Dale McGowan, ed., AMACOM, 2007. ISBN 0-8144-7426-8. (Other contributors included Richard Dawkins, Julia Sweeney, and Penn Jillette.)

title: Emily Rosa


text:
Clan of the White Lotus

Clan of the White Lotus is a 1980 Shaw Brothers kung fu film directed by Lo Lieh, with action choreography by Lau Kar Leung, and starring Lo Lieh and Gordon Liu. It is released as Fists of the White Lotus in North America.

The film follows on the 1977 film Executioners from Shaolin and 1979 film Abbot of Shaolin.

Synopsis
Following the death of his brother Pai Mei, Priest White Lotus seeks revenge with one idea in mind: to kill his brother's assassins. One night, he decides to pay them a surprise visit and murders one of the two. But the survivor of that night, will withdraw from the world and, with the help of the widow of the deceased, will perfect his technique to take his revenge...

Cast

 * Lo Lieh: Priest White Lotus
 * Gordon Liu: Man Ting Hung
 * Kara Hui: Mei-Hsiao (as Ying Hung Wei)
 * Fai Wong Lam: Wu Nai Shing
 * Johnny Wang: Ko Chun Chung
 * Yeung Ching-Ching: Siu Ching
 * King Chu Lee: Wu Ah Biu
 * Hsiao Ho: Personal Swordsman of White Lotus
 * Wilson Tong: Priest White Brow (as Tang Wei-shing)

Reception
Andrew Saroch describes the film as "Another awesome Shaw Brothers film with an insane concept and some heavenly fight action choreographed by the one and only Liu Chia-Liang."

The authors of The Encyclopedia of Martial Arts Movies rate the film a maximum of four stars, praising the film's "partially evocative music" and "amazing martial arts".

title: Clan of the White Lotus


text:
User talk:Smithtim47

Welcome!
Hello, Smithtim47, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thanks for your contributions; I hope you like it here and decide to stay. We're glad to have you in our community! Here are a few good links for newcomers:

 * If you haven't already, drop by the new user log and tell others a bit about yourself.
 * Always sign your posts on talk pages with  so others will know who left which comments.
 * The Five Pillars of Wikipedia
 * Our policies, guidelines, and simplified ruleset
 * How to edit a page and write a great article
 * The Wikipedia tutorial and picture tutorial
 * The handy Manual of Style
 * And finally, remember to be bold in updating pages!

I hope you enjoy editing and being a Wikipedian. Although we all make mistakes, please keep in mind what Wikipedia is not. If you have any questions or concerns, don't hesitate to see the help pages or add a question to the village pump. The Community Portal can also be very useful.

Happy editing!

-- Sango  123  18:00, July 15, 2005 (UTC)

P.S. Feel free to leave a message on my talk page. :)

title: User talk:Smithtim47


text:
User talk:TimonQ

Welcome!
Hello, TimonQ, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thanks for your contributions; I hope you like it here and decide to stay. We're glad to have you in our community! Here are a few good links for newcomers:

 * If you haven't already, drop by the new user log and tell others a bit about yourself.
 * Always sign your posts on talk pages with  so others will know who left which comments.
 * The Five Pillars of Wikipedia
 * Our policies, guidelines, and simplified ruleset
 * How to edit a page and write a great article
 * The Wikipedia tutorial and picture tutorial
 * The handy Manual of Style
 * And finally, remember to be bold in updating pages!

I hope you enjoy editing and being a Wikipedian. Although we all make mistakes, please keep in mind what Wikipedia is not. If you have any questions or concerns, don't hesitate to see the help pages or add a question to the village pump. The Community Portal can also be very useful.

Happy editing!

-- Sango  123  18:01, July 15, 2005 (UTC)

P.S. Feel free to leave a message on my talk page. :)

Image Tagging Image:FenninRo.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:FenninRo.jpg. I notice the 'image' page currently doesn't specify who created the content, so the copyright status is unclear. If you have not created this media yourself then you need to argue that we have the right to use the media on Wikipedia (see copyright tagging below). If you have not created the media yourself then you should also specify where you found it, i.e., in most cases link to the website where you got it, and the terms of use for content from that page.

If the media also doesn't have a copyright tag then you must also add one. If you created/took the picture, audio, or video then you can use GFDL-self to release it under the GFDL. If you believe the media qualifies as fair use, please read fair use, and then use a tag such as or one of the other tags listed at Image copyright tags. See Image copyright tags for the full list of copyright tags that you can use.

If you have uploaded other media, please check that you have specified their source and copyright tagged them, too. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any unsourced and untagged images will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. Shyam ( T / C ) 22:37, 11 March 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:TimonQ


text:
Augustus William, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel-Bevern

August Wilhelm, Duke of Brunswick-Bevern (10 October 1715 in Braunschweig – 2 August 1781 in Stettin), Prussian soldier, son of Ernest Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, was born in Braunschweig in 1715, and entered the Prussian army in 1731, becoming colonel of an infantry regiment in 1739. He won great distinction at the battle of Hohenfriedberg as a major-general, and was promoted lieutenant-general in 1750.

Biography
Bevern was one of the most experienced and exact soldiers in the army of Frederick the Great. He commanded a wing in the battle of Lobositz in 1756, and defeated the Austrians under Marshal Königsegg in a well-fought battle at Reichenberg on 21 April 1757. He took part in the battles of Prague and Kolin and the retreat to Görlitz, and subsequently commanded the Prussians left behind by Frederick in the autumn of 1757 when he marched against the French.

Bevern conducted a defensive campaign against overwhelming numbers with great skill, but he soon lost the valuable assistance of General Winterfeldt, who was killed in a skirmish at Moys; and he was eventually brought to battle and suffered a heavy defeat at the battle of Breslau on 22 November. He fell into the hands of the Austrians on the following morning, and remained prisoner for a year. He was made general of infantry in 1759, and on 11 August 1762 inflicted a severe defeat at Reichenbach on an Austrian army endeavouring to relieve Schweidnitz. Bevern retired, after the peace of Hubertusburg, to his government of Stettin, where he died in peace in 1781.


text:
Talk:Shors

I may guess that they became called Шорцы, rather than Шоры, because the latter word  already had a different meaning in Russian: a kind of blinds put around a horse's eyes, so that it can look only forward, but not sideways, in order not to be distracted or frightened by surroundings. So it would be considered derogatory if used as the people's name. mikka (t) 18:03, 15 July 2005 (UTC)

Merge in Chelkans? I don't know if they are the same. Ashibaka tock 04:02, 1 February 2006 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on Shors. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20110723123337/http://www.whitleyaward.org/winners.php to http://www.whitleyaward.org/winners.php

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 13:40, 6 January 2018 (UTC)

Are they also known as Saiyans?
Are they also known as Sayans/Saiyans? And do they live near the Sayan Mountains? 93.144.189.243 (talk) 19:21, 26 April 2023 (UTC)

 * shorr creek in ugorian languages 176.65.112.240 (talk) 16:20, 21 November 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Shors


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Reinconc

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete. Eugene van der Pijll 21:31, 31 July 2005 (UTC)

Reinconc
I wish Mr. Concrete the best in his upcoming musical career. However, he does not meet WP:MUSIC guidelines by a long shot. Even though he has his own message board. Delete Eliot 18:04, 15 July 2005 (UTC)\
 * Delete per above. Friday 21:07, 15 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete nn musician vanity. --Etacar11 23:51, 15 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete non notable vanity. JamesBurns 06:53, 16 July 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Bibhutibhushan Bandyopadhyay

Bibhutibhushan Bandyopadhyay (12 September 1894 – 1 November 1950) was an Indian writer in the Bengali language. His best known works are the autobiographical novel Pather Panchali (Song of the Little Road), Aparajito (Undefeated), Chander Pahar (Mountain of the Moon) and Aranyak (of the forest).

Early life and education
The Bandyopadhyay family originated in the Panitar village near Basirhat, located in the North 24 Parganas district of modern-day West Bengal. Bandyopadhyay's great-grandfather, who was an Ayurvedic physician, eventually settled in Barrackpore village, near Gopalnagar, Banagram (now Bangaon), North 24 Parganas. However, Bandyopadhyay was born in Muratipur village, near Kalyani in Nadia, at his maternal uncle's house. His father, Mahananda Bandyopadhyay, was a Sanskrit scholar and story-teller by profession. Bandyopadhyay was the eldest of the five children of Mahananda and his wife Mrinalini. His childhood home was at Barrackpore village, near Gopalnagar, Banagram (now Bangaon), North 24 Parganas. of West Bengal.

From the fifth grade, Bandyopadhyay studied at Bongaon High School, one of the oldest institutions in British India, and was considered as a talented student. Following a first division placement in the Entrance and Intermediate Arts examinations, Bandyopadhyay completed his undergraduate degree in economics, history, and sanskrit at the Surendranath College (then Ripon College) in Kolkata. He was admitted to the master's degree (MA) and Law classes, but could not afford to enroll for the postgraduate course at the University of Calcutta, and joined as a teacher in a school in Jangipara, Jangipara D N High School, Hooghly.

Career
Bandyopadhyay worked in a variety of jobs to support both himself and his family before becoming a writer. His first job was as a teacher, but he also served as a travelling publicist for Goraksini Sabha, and later as a secretary for Khelatchandra Ghosh, a role that included the management of his Bhagalpur estate. He became involved with Khelatchandra, a prominent name in music and charity, while tutoring his family. He also taught at the Khelatchandra Memorial School. Eventually, Bandyopadhyay returned to his native place. He started working as a teacher in the Gopalnagar Haripada Institution, which he continued alongside his literary work, until his death. He wrote and published Pather Panchali while staying at Ghatshila, a town in Jharkhand.

Works
Bandyopadhyay's works are largely set in rural Bengal, with characters from that area. Several of his novels are set in Bongaon, including Pather Panchali, Adarsha Hindu Hotel, Ichamati, and Bipiner Sansar while his Aranyak is set in a forest in Bhagalpur. In 1921, Bandyopadhyay's first published short story, "Upekshita" appeared in Prabasi, at the time one of Bengal's leading literary magazines. However, he did not receive any critical attention until 1928, when his first novel Pather Panchali (also known in English as Song of the Little Road) was published (initially as a serial, then as a book in 1929). Pather Panchali brought Bandyopadhyay to prominence in Bengali literature, and the novel and its sequel Aparajito, were subsequently translated into numerous languages. Additionally, these two were made into films by Satyajit Ray, and together with Apur Sansar, formed the highly successful Apu Trilogy. Ray referred aspiring scriptwriters to the works of Bandyopadhyay, and praised him by saying, "His lines fit the characters so well, they are so revealing that even when the author provides no physical description, every character seems to present itself before us simply through the words it speaks". His creation Taranath Tantrik was popular for the Bengali reader and the series was extended by his son Taradas.

Critical reception
Amit Chaudhuri has translated a few excerpts from the novel for inclusion in the anthology, The Picador Book of Modern Indian Literature. In his introduction to these excerpts, Chaudhuri wrote, "Unique for its tenderness and poetry ... Pather Panchali rejects both nineteenth-century realism and social realism (the social milieu described in it would have logically lent itself to the latter) for an inquiry into perception and memory." The complete text of Aparajito has been translated into English by Gopa Majumdar. The novel Aranyak has been translated into English in January 2017 by Suchismita Banerjee Rai, and it has been published by Mitra and Ghosh Publishers based in Kolkata. His novels Ashani Sanket and Ichhamati have been translated into English respectively as Distant Thunder and Ichhamoti by Chhanda Chattopadhyay Bewtra and published by Parabaas.

Martin Seymour-Smith, in his Guide to Modern World Literature (1973), describes Bandyopadhyay (he uses the form Banerji) as "perhaps the best of all modern Indian novelists", going on to write that, "probably nothing in twentieth-century Indian literature, in prose or poetry, comes to the level of Pather Panchali". He was posthumously awarded the Rabindra Puraskar in 1951, a literary award in West Bengal, for his novel Ichhamati.

Death
Bandopadhyay died on 1 November 1950, in Ghatshila. The cause of death was identified as a heart attack. His house in Ghatshila, named Gouri Kunj after his wife has been preserved by the Jharkhand State Government.

Filmography

 * Filmography based on his Bibliography are :

 * Pather Panchali (1955)
 * Aparajito (1956)
 * Adarsha Hindu Hotel (1957)
 * Apur Sansar (1959)
 * Baksa Badal (1970)
 * Nishi Padma (1970) based on short story Hinger Kochuri.
 * Amar Prem (1972) based on short story Hinger Kochuri.
 * Nimantran (1971)
 * Ashani Sanket (1973)
 * Alo (2003)
 * The Festival!Talnabami (Film) (2003)
 * Bhalobasar Onek Naam (2006)
 * Chander Pahar (2013)
 * Amazon Obhijaan  (2017) based on the characters of Chander pahar.
 * Sahaj Paather Gappo (Colours of Innocence) (2017) based on the story Taal Nabami.
 * Avijatrik  (2021) based on the concluding part of the novel Aparajito

title: Bibhutibhushan Bandyopadhyay


text:
Talk:Mask work

What is a mask work?
The introduction paragraph to this article currently leaves a lot to be desired - while quoting the US Code may be very commendable, it does not amount to a concise and easy-to-understand definition of the term, which is what the introduction should be. Following a link here, I had a hard time working out what was being discussed. I suggest that somebody who knows what a "mask work" actually is add a proper introductory sentence/paragraph of the form "A mask work is...", and then a new heading be added called "Definition" into which the legalese can be dumped. - IMSoP 18:05, 15 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Thanks for your comment. The intro was indeed cryptic. Does the added definition make sense to you? --Edcolins 12:46, July 16, 2005 (UTC)

 * Yes, that's much better thanks - that paragraph is exactly what I would expect and hope for at the top of such a page. :) - IMSoP 18:22, 18 July 2005 (UTC)

 * And "certainly may"??? What's that? Synonymous with "dubiously certain"?  —Preceding unsigned comment added by 68.209.177.221 (talk) 13:46, 14 September 2008 (UTC)

Limited geographic scope
I insist on keeping the tag on top of the article, since in my opinion mask work intellectual property laws are defined in many countries. Yet, the article only relates to the U.S. More precisely, WTO TRIPs Agreement makes it compulsory for every member to protect mask work, i.e. "layout-designs (topographies) of integrated circuits". --Edcolins 09:34, 3 December 2005 (UTC)
 * I agree, and thank you for the external ref link. Apparently US law does not currently include the non-registered MW term of 10-year (or 15-year) protection required by Art. 38. 17 USC § 908(a): "Protection of a mask work ... shall terminate if ... registration ... is not made as provided in this chapter within two years after ... the mask work is first commercially exploited anywhere in the world." Lupinelawyer 15:10, 20 January 2006 (UTC)

Tinkering and cleanup
Mentioned original basis for sui generis. Removed all references to "monopoly" as they do not equate to exclusive rights. Pared the digression into fair use as it clearly does not apply to mask works. Deleted whole thing about "§117 backup and ROM dumps" because any ROM dump is clearly a copyright infringement (copy of the software), not a mask work infringement (copy of the mask art). Added a few things from the statutes and comparisons with other IP. Wondering what, if any, relevance the "orignal" discussion (near the end) has to anything, mainly because "original" probably means "not copied from somebody else," like it does for copyright, and every creative poke and diddle in later editions is still an "original" work. So each new game is individually protectable to the extent it is not an exact copy of an earlier work or a combination of earlier works with other unprotectable elements. Again, the copyright also covers the underlying copyrightable code forever, so what difference does it make when the mask work expires? Just my $0.02; I don't really know the metrics of mask "originality", but I'd like to hear more about why this analysis should stay. Lupinelawyer 08:10, 20 January 2006 (UTC)

Topography
If there is an editor how knows how the word topography is used in relation to circuit designs, please could they add something about this to the lead section of the article. This would help readers who come here by following the links at topography (disambiguation) and Integrated Circuit Topography Act. By the way, shouldn't this article mention the "Directive 87/54/EEC of 1986-12-16 on the legal protection of topographies of semiconductor products" that is mentioned in the intellectual property article. JonH 11:15, 21 May 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:Mask work


text:
User talk:SSS108

TOP

Discussion

Requests for arbitration/Sathya
Hello,

An Arbitration case involving you has been opened: Requests for arbitration/Sathya. Please add evidence to the evidence sub-page, Requests for arbitration/Sathya/Evidence. You may also contribute to the case on the workshop sub-page, Requests for arbitration/Sathya/Workshop.

On behalf of the Arbitration Committee, --Tony Sidaway 21:45, 7 July 2006 (UTC)

Requests for arbitration/Sathya Sai Baba
This case is now closed and the result has been published at the link above.

 * Negative information in an article or on a talk page regarding Sathya Sai Baba or organizations affiliated with him which is poorly sourced may be removed without discussion. The three revert rule shall not apply to such removal. This includes links to critical websites which contain original research or which consist of personal accounts of negative experiences with Sathya Sai Baba or organizations affiliated with him. It is inappropriate for a user to insert a link to a website maintained by the user (or in which the user plays an important role).
 * Information in an article or on a talk page regarding Sathya Sai Baba or organizations affiliated with him which is poorly sourced may be removed. This includes links to websites which contain original research or which consist of personal accounts of experiences with Sathya Sai Baba or organizations affiliated with him. It is inappropriate for a user to insert a link to a website maintained by the user (or in which the user plays an important role)
 * Andries and SSB108 are forgiven any offenses they have committed by introducing unreliable information into the article and encouraged to edit in compliance with Reliable sources and Biographies of living persons.

For the Arbitration Committee. 03:51, 5 September 2006 (UTC)

Harassment and stalking
Note SSS108. You have stalked me on Wikipedia, trying to disrupt my editing of the Arne Næss page. on which subject you have no knowledge, not least since he is Norwegian. To disrupt my editing by blanking my entry from mere spite is stalking. I do not wish you to send me messages to my user pages, so please desist. And desist from blanking material I put on other Wikipedia articles, or you can be charged with vandalism, you know!

I remind you of some rules on Wikipedia: Harassment is defined as a pattern of disruptive behavior that appears to a reasonable and objective observer to have the purpose of causing negative emotions in a targeted person or persons, usually (but not always) for the purpose of intimidating the primary target. The purpose could be to make editing Wikipedia unpleasant for the target, to undermine them, to frighten them, or to encourage them to stop editing entirely.

"Harassment is sometimes described as a violation of don't disrupt Wikipedia to prove a point or no personal attacks, but is properly both a subset and special case of both, while at the same time being separate from both for definition reasons. The policy of "no personal attacks" is primarily about content, not behavior (for example, calling certain editors "assholes" is a violation of NPA, but is not in itself harassment), while the policy of "don't disrupt Wikipedia to prove a point" covers many less malicious behaviors that, while unacceptable, are not as bad as harassment (for example, disruption intended to support a cause). And yet, it is a subset of both, in that it is disruption to prove a point, and it is an attempt to personally attack another editor of Wikipedia."

Stalking is a legal term for repeated harassment or other forms of invasion of a person's privacy in a manner that causes fear to its target. Statutes vary between jurisdiction but may include such acts as: repeated following; unwanted contact (by letter or other means of communication); observing a person's actions closely for an extended period of time; or contacting family members, friends, or associates of a target inappropriately cyberstalking

You are also guilty of this on a large scale, and you know it. More precisely, you engage in what Wikipedia defines as: "Cyberstalking is the use of the Internet or other electronic means to stalk someone. This term is used interchangeably with online harassment and online abuse. A cyberstalker follows the victim's online activity to gather information, initiate contact, make threats, or engage in other forms of verbal intimidation. Cyberstalkers target victims using online forums, bulletin boards, chat rooms, spyware, and spam. They may engage in live chat harassment or flaming (online verbal abuse and/or character defamation); leaving improper messages on message boards or in guest books; sending electronic viruses; sending unsolicited e-mail; tracing another person's computer and Internet activity, and electronic identity theft." Before you try to mirror this back at me, you chief tactic, I point out that I am NOT guilty of anything like this, hence - though would in character doubtless like to claim it of me, it is untrue! --ProEdits 20:02, 6 September 2006 (UTC)
 * If you are so sure I have been stalking you on Wikipedia, file a complaint. It's not difficult to do. All of your activity is easily traceable and no one needs to "stalk" you to get it. How I keep track of your activity is no different than how Andries keep track of my activity (and vice-versa). You are all word and no action. The page about Arne Næss contained original research, which is not allowed on Wikipedia. You even called your material "original research" Ref. You are obviously oblivious to Wikipedia's policies on original research and citing reliable sources.
 * If you continue to post your long, rambling diatribes on my Talk Page, I will delete your posts. Take you whine, babble and venom elsewhere. I think if anyone has a case for "harrassment", it is I against you. SSS108 talk-email 20:58, 6 September 2006 (UTC)

False Claims Of Deleting Information
Robert Priddy — aka aka  aka  — made a defamatory complaint against me on Angela's Wikipedia Talk Page: Reference.

Since Priddy made his comment on the top of Angela's talk page (instead of the bottom where it should have been made) Angela moved Priddy's comment to the bottom of the page where it belonged: Reference.

Because Angela moved the comment, Priddy (unable to find his previous comment) reposted it again: Reference.

Without any proof, Priddy jumped to the worst case conspiratorial view and erroneously claimed that I removed his post. Priddy said, "You will see the determination of Moreno to stop you knowing what I wrote by the fact that he has deleted my request to you in your user paeg (see below on the discussion page). Just goes to emphasizse my point. Moreno is a full-time stalker and defamer. Robert Priddy (Refs: 01 - 02)

That's right! Robert Priddy claimed I removed the text and insulted me as a "stalker" and "defamer" although Angela moved Priddy's comment herself. I never touched or edited that page!

This the guy who is trying to portray himself as honest, sober and fair-minded. He defames me for his paranoid errors and is wholly unapologetic! SSS108 talk-email 01:12, 7 September 2006 (UTC)

False Claims Against Me About Comments I Did Not Make
On June 11th 2006, a person with the IP 210.210.37.103 submitted a comment on the Sathya Sai Baba talk page that stated the following: Robert Priddy — aka aka  aka  — wrote the following about this comment: This is yet another blatant lie by ProEdits against me. I did not make that post and ProEdits is jumping to conclusions a prirori and is defaming me with his unsupported, erroneous and spiteful accusations. This from someone who claims he knows how to research his facts and claims he is honest and truthful. I think the facts show otherwise. SSS108 talk-email 01:12, 7 September 2006 (UTC)
 * Hii Mr Kazlev, This is the anonymous poster. Hope you are doing well. By the way, due to your suggestion, i've selected a pseudonym which will be "Mad". I also agree with your comment on the inefficiency of the whole process of the endless argument and fights to get over a point. Many a times i've thought about the amount of time people spend on this page about editing, reverting and what not...And used to think that if the people over here click on the link www.thehungersite.com during that time or send that link to other people they know, more hungry people will get food. At the same time, till now, i haven't seen anything that would not lead me to a conclusion of not supporting what SSS108 has been doing. If everybody left this page thinking that its difficult to face the bickerings, onslaught of edits (covert and overt), then this page would certainly wouldn't have improved. This is more important when there has been "co-incidence" edits at many a point of time whenever there comes a report which is pro Sathya Sai. So while i would prefer to spend my time clicking on www.thehungersite.com, i would like to extend my support to SSS108 with the work he is doing. Mr Kazlev, so we can join up together to increase the number of clickings on www.thehungersite.com Hope you accept my invitation. "Mad" Reference
 * Editors, please note how Moreno replies to a question with a derogatory diatribe and an assertion of "madness! Who is most obsessed with propaganda, Andries or Moreno, is as clear as day to those who read even a fraction of the endless Morenos' web pages and postings and the comparatively very few by Andries.--ProEdits 14:16, 6 September 2006 (UTC) Reference

False Accusation Against Freelanceresearch
Robert Priddy — aka aka  aka  — made the following comment about Freelanceresearch on the Sathya Sai Baba Wikipedia talk page: According to the Wikipedia Block Log For Freelanceresearch, she has never been "banned from Wikipedia". After having pressure put on ProEdits by both Freelanceresearch and myself, he admitted that he made a mistake and retracted his comment. He said:
 * We are not the ones who need to be careful as we do not break the laws on slander as Freelanceresearch has done on Yahoo groups sathyasaibaba2 endlessly... the same Lisa de Witt having even been banned from Wikipedia for that previously too! As usual, she makes big claims without anything that can be called supporting evidence - circumstantial or otherwise, as is seen above. I am stating fact, not slander without using derogatory terms like 'sleazy' (Refs: 01 - 02)
 * ''I wish to correct my former statement that Lisa de Witt was banned from Wikipedia. I find I was misinformed by someone who commented thus, but - having checked thoroughly - I find no evidence of it. I am removing my unfortunate mistake. Interesting that Lisa de Witt admits that she and Moreno are co-responsible for the mean-spirited atmosphere here - this was also obvious long, long before I entered this page with some fairly restrained comments about them (Reference).

As if this can't be embarrassing enough, Freelanceresearch never "admitted" that we were "co-responsible for the mean-spirited atmosphere". As a matter of fact, Freelanceresearch said: The untruths keep multiplying. SSS108 talk-email 01:12, 7 September 2006 (UTC)
 * ''Joe and I are not the ones responsible for the mean-spirited atmosphere here. Wherever the anti-Sais travel their toxic behavior and agenda of hate and lies goes with them (Reference).

False Claims Of Harrassment & Stalking
Robert Priddy — aka aka  aka  — wrote a rambling diatribe on my talk page (Reference) falsly accusing me of "harrassment and stalking". The only "evidence" he cited against me (pertaining to Wikipedia) was one edit on the Arne Næss article (without even referencing his complaint). I simply removed the original research that ProEdits (Robert Priddy) added to the Arne Næss article. As a matter of fact, ProEdits (Robert Priddy) wrote, "This synopsis is based on original research by a former teacher of Arne Næss' work for many years at the University of Oslo, Robert Priddy" (Reference). To further strengthen my point, View The History Tab for the Arne Næss article. I only made one edit there. That's it. SSS108 talk-email 01:54, 7 September 2006 (UTC)

Attacking Me On My User Page
Robert Priddy — aka aka  aka  — attacked me on my user page, although my user page specifically requests others not to edit it Reference. He was given a warning about his vandalism by 1568 Reference.

Lies About Me Having A Guru
Robert Priddy — aka aka  aka  — said (emphasis added by me): Priddy made this comment after I stated that I am not a follower of Sathya Sai Baba (Reference). I never "declared" Sathya Sai Baba as my guru "2 years ago". This is a bold-faced and unsourced untruth. Regarding Priddy's comments that he never stated that Sathya Sai Baba was my guru, look at the following quotes where he stated exactly that:
 * "I have not stated that SSS108 [Gerald Moreno] is a devotee of Sathya Sai Baba, nor that he is Moreno's guru since he surprisingly declared this himself after some time about 2 years ago" (Reference).
 * "In my haste I thought the user page was specifically related to the attempt by Gerald Moreno, a person who defames and stalks me throughout the web because I am a critic of his guru, Sathya Sai Baba" (Reference).
 * "I feel I do at least have a moral right to refute arguments directed against me...and will be further injured by a subjective account by a Sai follower, if it is not truly an independent public document" (Reference).
 * "He is not only a defamer and critic of me, but of all critics of his highly doubtful guru, Sri Sathya Sai Baba..." (Reference).

Requests for arbitration/Sathya Sai Baba 2
Hello,

An Arbitration case involving you has been opened: Requests for arbitration/Sathya Sai Baba 2. Please add any evidence you may wish the arbitrators to consider to the evidence sub-page, Requests for arbitration/Sathya Sai Baba 2/Evidence. You may also contribute to the case on the workshop sub-page, Requests for arbitration/Sathya Sai Baba 2/Workshop.

On behalf of the Arbitration Committee, Cowman109 Talk 17:24, 27 December 2006 (UTC)

I have removed the material you posted to the evidence page because it exceeds the size limit. Please summarize your statement in 1000 words or less and repost it. The Uninvited Co., Inc. 09:44, 2 January 2007 (UTC)

Picture of temple
I'd like to ask what is the meaning of this? And why you attempted to upload it on your user page? The image in question belongs to me and is sourced online on my spiritual blog, and the copyrights were not released in any way into the public domain, so I'd like to ask why you are uploading images belonging to someone else (possible copyvio)? I also noticed that you haven't responded to the OrphanBot request. Ekantik talk 02:35, 11 February 2007 (UTC)
 * The image will be automatically deleted in a few days time. You also published the image on a public forum on GaudiyaDiscussions.com, without giving any form of copyright restrictions. I uploaded it to compare the image stats with another user whom I was informed may be you under another sockpuppet. The picture upload was for research purposes and I will have to research the new sockpuppet suspicion via other means. SSS108 talk-email 06:47, 11 February 2007 (UTC)

 * This doesn't answer the question of why you are uploading pictures that do not belong to you which are a potential copyvio, regardless of its future deleted status. You could have uploaded any image in your "investigation", why a picture of a temple that is sourced online on my spiritual blog? Please refrain from uploading images that belong to me unless I have released them under a suitable license. Ekantik talk 18:37, 12 February 2007 (UTC)

That's for me to know :-) And since you released that image on a public forum without issuing any sort of copyright with the images, your current claim of "potential copyvio" is suspicious. I suggest if you want to protect your images, you stop releasing them without "suitable licenses" on public forums :-) SSS108 talk-email 07:23, 13 February 2007 (UTC)

 * I'm afraid you just don't understand: When you upload an image to Wikipedia, you are responsible for providing the copyright information. You cannot claim "I found it somewhere" especially since you are not the owner of the image. As it stands, the image in question is due to be deleted precisely because you have not provided the copyright information, so there is no danger "as such" that your violations of Wikipedia policies will result in legal jeopardy for Wikipedia. This is just for your edification about uploading images to Wikipedia and how you can properly contribute images. For more information, see WP:IUP. Ekantik talk 18:11, 13 February 2007 (UTC)

I'm afraid you don't understand. Since the image did not come with any copyright license restrictions, I uploaded the image for research purposes and it was never intended to be used on Wikipedia. If you do want anyone to use your images, you should specify so and stop posting them on public forums where anyone can link to them, take them and use them without your permission. Any more Wikipedia policies you want to flaunt around? Go right ahead. I find it very amusing. Of course, your ceaseless bickering on my userpage is probably due to the embarrassing full exposure I made against you on the Evidence Page for ArbCom. SSS108 talk-email 19:41, 13 February 2007 (UTC)

 * In future, do not upload images to Wikipedia for "research purposes" by which you may possibly bring Wikipedia into legal jeopardy. WP:NOT should help to inform you. You obviously are incapable of understanding the simple point that whether I placed them on a forum without copyright restrictions or not is irrelevant. WP:IUP requires uploaders to provide copyright information for any image they upload; if you cannot provide copyright information, you should not upload images or other media. It's as simple as that.
 * If you managed to hold your breath and think about what other editors are telling you instead of launching personal attacks galore, you might actually realise how much of a better Wikipedian you will become. Ekantik talk 03:37, 14 February 2007 (UTC)

LOL SSS108 talk-email 06:57, 14 February 2007 (UTC)

No Personal Attacks (WP:NPA)
Please see Wikipedia's no personal attacks policy. Comment on content, not on contributors. Personal attacks damage the community and deter users. Note that continued personal attacks will lead to blocks for disruption. Please stay cool and keep this in mind while editing. Ekantik talk 02:50, 11 February 2007 (UTC)
 * SSS108: In response to Ekantik's off-topic comments and personal attacks against Sai devotees: 01 - 02, I made this comment, which brought about the following warning:
 * Your admin facade makes me laugh. SSS108 talk-email 06:48, 11 February 2007 (UTC)
 * As you have modified this section to represent your view of why you received an initial WP:NPA warning, it should be observed that you are not here on Wikipedia to protect the interests of "Sai devotees" nor are you authorised to use Wikipedia as a soapbox on their behalf. Following your logic, you have made personal attacks on many editors for their supposed beliefs in genital-switching but you have not been warned on that count. You have been warned for violation of WP:NPA which basically involves making insulting or disparaging comments about other editors. Please refrain from such behaviour and comment on content, not on contributor. Ekantik talk 18:33, 12 February 2007 (UTC)

Please do not attack other editors. If you continue, you will be blocked from editing Wikipedia.Second warning for further disparaging comments on editors' religious beliefs Ekantik talk 18:33, 12 February 2007 (UTC)

 * One more time Ekantik. This time, get a nice large icon of a stop-sign or Popeye or (your favorite) Batman and then warn me again! :-) SSS108 talk-email 07:17, 13 February 2007 (UTC)

Incivility, harrassment, and personal attacks
This has to end. I'm blocking you for 12 hours as a shot across your bows, in the hope that you'll use the time to calm down. If you continue as you have been, the next block will be considerably longer. --Mel Etitis ( Talk ) 09:10, 14 February 2007 (UTC)

 * Peculiar, oblique, and unfounded comments on my Talk page are not coing to distract me from your behaviour. --Mel Etitis ( Talk ) 09:12, 15 February 2007 (UTC)

A question
Joe, does the claim of Sathya Sai Baba's sex change come from anti-Sai or pro-Sai sources? Krystian 14:12, 12 February 2007 (UTC)

When are you going to disengage? Krystian 17:02, 12 February 2007 (UTC)

Thanks for your comments. Best wishes to you too. Wikisunn 12th February 2007

Warning
Speculating on, or attempting to discern the real-life name of contributors is a violation of WP:HARASS. You should consider this your first and final warning. Do not engage in this sort of behavior again. Hipocrite - « Talk » 12:11, 15 February 2007 (UTC)
 * My response: Suspected sock puppets/Mel Etitis SSS108 talk-email 14:45, 15 February 2007 (UTC)

Disengaging From Wikipedia
SSS108 talk-email 03:10, 17 February 2007 (UTC)

Request for Comment: Regarding subcategory title
Please give your comment in the Sathya Sai talk page. This is for decision making on consensus.Wikisunn 22nd February 2007

Requests for arbitration/Sathya Sai Baba 2
The above-named arbitration case has closed and the complete decision can be found at the link above. Andries, Wikisunn, SSS108, and Freelanceresearch are banned indefinitely from editing Sathya Sai Baba and related articles or their talk pages. Ekantik is instructed to make all future Wikipedia contributions related in any way to Sathya Sai Baba under a single username. Kkrystian is reminded that all edits must be supported by reliable sources. Editors involved at Sathya Sai Baba are encouraged to use better sources and improved citation style. The remedies in the prior decision Requests for arbitration/Sathya Sai Baba regarding poorly sourced information remain in force and apply to all editors working on Sathya Sai Baba and related articles. The Arbitration Committee reserves the right to amend these remedies as required and to issue additional remedies as necessary to provide a positive environment for collaboration on the Sathya Sai Baba article, even if no additional case is brought forward. This notice is given by a Clerk on behalf of the Arbitration Committee. Newyorkbrad 00:41, 6 March 2007 (UTC)

I Am Not Sbs108
It has come to my attention that some administrators have ridiculously accused me of being Sbs108. I am NOT Sbs108 and the arguments made by admin that I am are wholly absurd. I was banned for exposing Mel Etitis and his Wikipedia Sockpuppet. If you look at that page, I provided a screencap that shows my IP. If you compare that IP with my IP here, you will find they are the same and they not anonymous or proxy IPs. I think it is really quite pathetic that I have to be pulled back on to Wikipedia to defend myself from stupid rumors started by conspiratorial admin who apparently have nothing better to do than play psychic instead of assuming good faith like they are supposed to do. Practice what you preach, Admin! SSS108 talk-email 05:53, 14 October 2009 (UTC)

— Comments made by me under the nic PSSS108 regarding this issue: 01 - 02 - 03 SSS108 talk-email 15:20, 14 October 2009 (UTC)

False Sockpuppetry Claim Against Me
I have been falsely accused of being a sockpuppet for Sbs108. Since several admin have erroneously joined this conspiracy bandwagon with no proof, I am requesting an independent verification to defend myself from these patently absurd allegations. --SSS108 talk-email 01:16, 15 October 2009 (UTC)
 * There is no cabal.  Intelligent  sium  review, 29 July 2024 (UTC)
 * What do you mean? How am I supposed to vindicate myself of this ridiculous accusation? SSS108 talk-email 01:23, 15 October 2009 (UTC)

Cleared Of Sbs108 Sockpuppet Claim
To all interested readers: I have been CLEARED of the patently absurd and conspiratorial assumptions & speculations made by Hersfold, Crotalus horridus, Jéské Couriano and Jzg / Guy who spuriously and unremittingly alleged I was using the sockpuppet of Sbs108.

 * Sockpuppet Investigations For SSS108

 * Relevant accusation by Crotalus horridus: 01 - 02

 * Relevant accusations by Wikipedia Admin Jéské Couriano: 01 - 02 - 03 - 04 - 05

 * Relevant accusations by Wikipedia Admin Hersfold: 01 - 02 - 03 - 04

 * Relevant accusations by Wikipedia Admin Jzg / Guy: 01 - 02 - 03

 * Relevant retractions and apology by Wikipedia Admin Jéské Couriano: 01 - 02

SSS108 talk-email 06:21, 16 October 2009 (UTC)
 * Chummer, at first blush we had to assume, even with good faith and given your behavior, that you were a sock. It took CU evidence to exonerate you; most administrators do not have access to that tool. Please bury the hatchet. - Jeremy  ( v^_^v Stop... at a WHAMMY!! ) 21:03, 3 December 2009 (UTC)

confirmed sockpuppetry
To avoid confusion, I'm linking to: Sockpuppet investigations/SSS108/Archive. (October 14 2009,)  DGG ( talk ) 23:42, 23 December 2009 (UTC)

Correct?
http://wikiwatcher.virgil.gr/pmcu/user_view.php?user_name=SSS108#

Lenerd (talk) 08:19, 2 March 2010 (UTC)

MfD nomination of User:SSS108/Sathya Sai Baba
User:SSS108/Sathya Sai Baba, a page you substantially contributed to, has been nominated for deletion. Your opinions on the matter are welcome; please participate in the discussion by adding your comments at Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:SSS108/Sathya Sai Baba and please be sure to sign your comments with four tildes ( ~ ). You are free to edit the content of User:SSS108/Sathya Sai Baba during the discussion but should not remove the miscellany for deletion template from the top of the page; such a removal will not end the deletion discussion. Thank you. Ricky81682 (talk) 03:53, 8 September 2015 (UTC)

MfD nomination of User:SSS108/ArbCom Answers To Thatcher
User:SSS108/ArbCom Answers To Thatcher, a page you substantially contributed to, has been nominated for deletion. Your opinions on the matter are welcome; please participate in the discussion by adding your comments at Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:SSS108/ArbCom Answers To Thatcher and please be sure to sign your comments with four tildes ( ~ ). You are free to edit the content of User:SSS108/ArbCom Answers To Thatcher during the discussion but should not remove the miscellany for deletion template from the top of the page; such a removal will not end the deletion discussion. Thank you. Ricky81682 (talk) 03:57, 8 September 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:SSS108


text:
Islam (name)

Islam (إِسْلَام) is an Arabic male and female given name and surname meaning "acceptance, agreement approval (the truth)", "god-fearing, humility, devoutness", "acknowledgment, admission, yield, obeyance", "obedience, preservation, protection, safeguarding, keeping", "piety, loyalty, devotion", "subjection, submissiveness, wonder, admiration, respect, submitting".

Also, the name of the religion Islam and is primarily associated with Muslims. The name Islam is a diminutive of the name Aslam (أَسْلَم aslam), which both names stemming from the male noun-name Salaam.

It may refer to:

People with the given name

 * Islam Alijaj (born 1986), Swiss disability activist
 * Islam al-Behairy (born 1974), Egyptian liberalist
 * Islam Alsultanov (born 2001), Russian footballer
 * Islam Chipsy, stage name of Egyptian musician Islam Said
 * Islam El-Shater (born 1976), Egyptian football player
 * Islam Karimov (1938–2016), president of Uzbekistan
 * Islam Makhachev (born 1991), Russian mixed martial artist, UFC Lightweight Champion
 * Islam Slimani (born 1988), Algerian football player
 * Noor Islam Dawar, Pakistani Pashtun human rights activist
 * Shafiul Islam Mohiuddin (born 1955), Bangladeshi business magnate

People with the surname

 * Aktar Islam – Restaurateur, curry chef and businessman
 * Faisal Islam (born 1977), British journalist
 * Mitchell Islam (born 1990), Canadian figure skater
 * Naeem Islam (born 1986), Bangladeshi cricketer
 * Rizza Islam (born 1990), member of the Nation of Islam and social media influencer
 * Rupam Islam, Bengali Singer & Musician under Bangla Rock Genre, Kolkata, West Bengal
 * Runa Islam – Film and photography visual artist, who was nominated for the 2008 Turner Prize
 * Sabirul Islam – author, entrepreneur and motivational speaker
 * Saiful Islam (disambiguation), multiple people
 * Samirul Islam (born 1987), Indian-Bengali social activist
 * Shafiul Islam (born 1989), Bangladeshi cricketer
 * Sanchita Islam – Artist, writer and filmmaker
 * Shahara Islam –The youngest victim killed during the 7 July 2005 London bombings
 * Taijul Islam (born 1992), Bangladeshi cricketer
 * Tanish Islam (born 1996), Indian Space Engineer
 * Umar Islam, formerly Brian Young (born 1978), member of the foiled 2006 transatlantic aircraft plot
 * Yusuf Islam British singer, born Stephen Demetre in 1948 and formerly known as Cat Stevens

Compound names with Islam as a suffix

 * Manzurul Islam (disambiguation), multiple people
 * Nazrul Islam (disambiguation), multiple people
 * Nurul Islam (disambiguation), multiple people
 * Qamar al-Islam (disambiguation), multiple people
 * Tajul Islam (disambiguation), multiple people
 * Zahurul Islam (disambiguation), multiple people

title: Islam (name)


text: Category:Germany-related lists

title: Category:Germany-related lists


text:
Wigwam (Finnish band)

Wigwam was a Finnish progressive rock band formed in 1968.

History
Wigwam was founded after the split of the seminal Blues Section, with whom drummer Ronnie Österberg had played before. He formed the band as a trio, but soon brought in British expatriate singer/songwriter Jim Pembroke (also in Blues Section) and organist Jukka Gustavson. A year later, Pekka Pohjola joined on bass. Kim Fowley produced Wigwam's second album Tombstone Valentine (1970). This album also featured an excerpt of Erkki Kurenniemi's electronic composition 'Dance of the Anthropoids'. The 1974 album Being is often called Wigwam's masterpiece. After its release, though, Pohjola and Gustavson quit the band. Commercially the most successful Wigwam album must be the more pop-oriented Nuclear Nightclub that followed in 1975, with new members Pekka Rechardt on guitar and Måns Groundstroem on bass. The album was recorded in Stockholm with better studios, and featured Esa Kotilainen, the Finnish equivalent of Rick Wakeman, on synthesizer. The effect of the synthesizer was to steer the group away from the organ and piano sound of Gustavson that dominated previous albums. The band from Nuclear Nightclub on had songwriters Pembroke and Rechardt often working together, and the two came to describe the style as "deep pop" instead of progressive rock.

For a time in the 1970s Wigwam seemed poised to break through in Europe, along with bands like Tasavallan Presidentti, but even though they were highly praised by the UK press large-scale international fame eluded them, and by 1978 they had disbanded. Jim Pembroke and Ronnie Österberg formed the Jim Pembroke Band in late 1979, but following health problems with diabetes, Österberg committed suicide on 6 December 1980.

Wigwam reformed in the 1990s with the Pembroke-Rechardt-Groundstroem core intact, and has been active to the present. In Finland they have a lasting (although limited) following, and their influence on Finnish rock music is widely recognised.

In the 2010s, the former members of Wigwam have made concerts billed as Wigwam Unplugged or Wigwam Revisited. The latest line-up consists Mikko Rintanen, Jan Noponen, Måns Groundstroem and Jukka Gustavson with Pekka Nylund playing guitar.

In late 2018, the band made a short 50th anniversary tour in Finland with line-up of Jukka Gustavson, Jim Pembroke, Pekka Rechardt, Esa Kotilainen and Jan Noponen with Pave Maijanen on bass.

Band leader Jim Pembroke died in October 2021, aged 75. As other members of the band have decided not to perform under the name Wigwam without Pembroke the 2018 concerts will remain their final performances. However Gustavson, Rechardt, Kotilainen and Noponen with bassist Janne Brunberg have since performed under the name Wigwam Experience and Gustavson, Noponen, Mikko Rintanen, Brunberg and guitarist Puka Oinonen under the name Wigwam Revisited.

Latest lineup

 * Jim Pembroke – vocals, keyboards (1969–2018; died 2021)
 * Jukka Gustavson – vocals, electric organ (1969–1974, 2018)
 * Pekka "Rekku" Rechardt – guitar (1974-)
 * Jan Noponen – drums (1991–1993, 2018)
 * Esa Kotilainen – keyboards (1974–75, 1977, 2001-2018, died 2023)
 * Pave Maijanen – bass guitar, vocals (2018; died 2021)

Drums

 * Ronald "Ronnie" Österberg (1968–1980; died 1980)
 * Jari "Kepa" Kettunen (1993–2006)

Guitar

 * Vladimir "Nikke" Nikamo (1968–1970)

Bass guitar

 * Mats Huldén (1968–70, 2004–2006)
 * Pekka Pohjola (1970–1974; died 2008)
 * Måns "Måsse" Groundstroem (1974–2003)
 * Jussi Kinnunen (2003–2004)

Violin

 * Pekka Pohjola (1970–1974; died 2008)

Keyboards

 * Heikki "Pedro" (or "Hessu") Hietanen (1975–1977, 1991–1992, 1999–2000; died 2023)
 * Mikko Rintanen (1992–1993)

Guest musicians

 * Jukka Tolonen, guitar (1970–1972), bass (2018)
 * Esa Kotilainen, keyboards (1974–1975, 1977)
 * Kristian (Bengt Huhta), vocals (1968)
 * Ilpo Aaltio, saxophone (1968)
 * Ilmari Varila, oboe
 * Tapio Louhensalo, bassoon
 * Hannu Saxelin, clarinet
 * Risto Pensola, clarinet
 * Unto Haapa-aho, bass clarinet
 * Eero Koivistoinen, soprano saxophone
 * Pekka Pöyry, soprano saxophone
 * Pentti Lasanen, clarinet, flute
 * Paavo Honkanen, clarinet
 * Aale Lindgren, oboe
 * Juhani Tapaninen, bassoon
 * Juhani Aaltonen, flute
 * Seppo Paakkunainen, flute
 * Erik Dannholm, flute
 * Pentti Lahti, flute
 * Kari Veisterä, flute
 * Taisto Wesslin, acoustic guitar
 * Erkki Kurenniemi, VCS3 synthesizer
 * Jukka Ruohomäki, VCS3 programming assistant
 * Heikki Laurila, guitar, banjo
 * Kalevi Nyqvist, accordion
 * Pedro Hietanen, keyboards (2018)
 * Mikko Rintanen, keyboards, vocals (2018)
 * Kepa Kettunen, drums (2018)

Albums

 * Hard 'n' Horny (1969)
 * Tombstone Valentine (1970)
 * Fairyport (1971)
 * Being (1974)
 * Nuclear Nightclub (1975)
 * The Lucky Golden Stripes and Starpose (1976)
 * Dark Album (1977)
 * Light Ages (1993)
 * Titans Wheel (2002)
 * Some Several Moons (2005)

Compilations and live albums

 * Wigwam (1972)
 * Live Music from the Twilight Zone (1975)
 * Rumours on the Rebound (1979)
 * Classics — The Rarest (1990)
 * Highlights (1996)

Jim Pembroke (& Wigwam)
These are Jim Pembroke's solo albums, which are played by Wigwam
 * Hot Thumbs O'Riley: Wicked Ivory (1972)
 * Jim Pembroke & Wigwam: Pigworm (1974)
 * Jim Pembroke: Corporal Cauliflowers Mental Function (1977)

title: Wigwam (Finnish band)


text:
Talk:Sannikov Land

Untitled
I remember reading in the magazine Around the World ("Vokrug sveta") a fascinating version of the "The Sannikov Land", quite different from the original Obruchev's one. I don't remember neither the author nor content, nor even title. Does anyone? mikka (t) 18:07, 15 July 2005 (UTC)

The Sannikov land gets a mention in this presentation: Hollow Earth

novel
Shouldn't a separate article be created for Sannikov Land (novel)? RossF18 (talk) 02:43, 19 March 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Sannikov Land


text:
Tombs of the Kings

There are a number of sites known as the Tombs of the Kings:

 * Tombs of the Kings (Paphos), Cyprus
 * Tombs of the Kings (Jerusalem), East Jerusalem
 * Tombs of the kings of Pontus, Amasya, Turkey

title: Tombs of the Kings


text:
Talk:Denzil Davies

If you fancy expanding the article..
I just reverted additions that looked like they'd come directly from http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/mpdb/html/551.stm but I'm leaving the URL in case anyone wants some background reading. --Telsa 18:09, 15 July 2005 (UTC)

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the. —Community Tech bot (talk) 03:16, 21 April 2020 (UTC)
 * Denzil Davies.jpg

title: Talk:Denzil Davies


text:
User talk:Gumo5

Welcome!
Hello, Gumo5, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thanks for your contributions; I hope you like it here and decide to stay. We're glad to have you in our community! Here are a few good links for newcomers:

 * If you haven't already, drop by the new user log and tell others a bit about yourself.
 * Always sign your posts on talk pages with  so others will know who left which comments.
 * The Five Pillars of Wikipedia
 * Our policies, guidelines, and simplified ruleset
 * How to edit a page and write a great article
 * The Wikipedia tutorial and picture tutorial
 * The handy Manual of Style
 * And finally, remember to be bold in updating pages!

I hope you enjoy editing and being a Wikipedian. Although we all make mistakes, please keep in mind what Wikipedia is not. If you have any questions or concerns, don't hesitate to see the help pages or add a question to the village pump. The Community Portal can also be very useful.

Happy editing!

-- Sango  123  18:09, July 15, 2005 (UTC)

P.S. Feel free to leave a message on my talk page. :)

Images
All images uploaded to Wikipedia must have an image tag (See Image copyright tags) and be linked to articles (See Wikipedia is not) or they may be deleted. Thanks --Nv8200p (talk) 01:08, 16 September 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Gumo5


text:
Otto von Camphausen

Otto von Camphausen (21 October 1812 – 18 May 1896) was a Prussian statesman.

Biography
Camphausen was born at Hünshoven, part of Geilenkirchen on the right bank of the River Wurm, in the Rhine Province. Having studied jurisprudence and political economy at the universities of Bonn, Heidelberg, Munich and Berlin, he entered the legal career at Cologne, and immediately devoted his attention to financial and commercial questions.

Nominated assessor in 1837, he acted for five years in this capacity at Magdeburg and Coblenz, became in 1845 counsellor in the ministry of finance, and was in 1849 elected a member of the second chamber of the Prussian diet, joining the Moderate Liberal party.

In 1869 he was appointed minister of finance. On taking office, he was confronted with a deficit in the revenue, which he successfully cleared off by effecting a conversion of a greater part of the state loans. The Franco-Prussian War indemnity enabled him to redeem a considerable portion of the state debt and to remit certain taxes. He was, however, a too warm adherent of free trade principles to enjoy the confidence either of the Agrarian Party or of Prince Otto von Bismarck, and his antagonism to the tobacco monopoly and the general economic policy of the latter brought about his retirement.

Camphausen's great services to Prussia were recognized by his sovereign in the bestowal of the Order of the Black Eagle in 1895, a dignity carrying with it a patent of nobility. He died at Berlin.

title: Otto von Camphausen


text:
John Begg

John Begg (20 September 1866 – 23 February 1937), was a Scottish architect, who practised in London, South Africa and India, before returning to Scotland to teach at Edinburgh College of Art from 1922 to 1933.

Life
He was born in Bo'ness the third son of John Begg (1826–1878), an ironmonger and JP. He was educated at Edinburgh Academy, 1879–1883.

He trained under Hippolyte Blanc and was later employed first by Alfred Waterhouse and later by Sir Robert William Edis.

In 1896 he was appointed architect to the Real Estate Company of South Africa and moved to Johannesburg. He returned to Scotland due to the Boer War.

He arrived in India in 1901 as Consulting Architect to Bombay. In 1906 he became Consulting Architect to the Government of India. He, with George Wittet, was responsible for the evolution of the Indo-Saracenic style of architecture. Begg's best-known building is the General Post Office in Bombay.

He returned to Scotland in 1921 and went into partnership with Alexander Lorne Campbell,but never enjoyed the success or scale of projects which he had enjoyed in India.

In 1922 he adopted the role of Head of Architecture at the Edinburgh College of Art. During his period there he brought in Frank Mears to teach under him.

He served as President of the Royal Incorporation of Architects in Scotland in 1932.

He died in 1937 and is buried in the Grange Cemetery, near its south-east corner, with an exceptionally modest stone. The stone was restored in 2018. His wife, Edith Mary Dods Espie (1864–1920) was killed in a fire in their home and is buried with him.

Principal works

 * York Buildings, Johannesburg (1898)
 * General Post Office, Bombay (1903)
 * Customs House, Princes Dock, Bombay (1904)
 * Medical College, Calcutta (1911)
 * Printing & Publishing Enterprise, Rangoon, Burma (1912)
 * General Post Office, Agra (1912)
 * Stationery Office, Calcutta (1912)
 * Lady Hardinge Medical Hospital and College, Delhi (1913)
 * General Post Office, Nagpur (1913)
 * Custom House, Rangoon, Burma (1915)
 * High Court, Varanasi (1915)
 * Law Courts, Benares (1915)
 * Robertson College Jabalpur (1915)
 * Central Provinces Council Chamber, Nagpur (1917)
 * Central Telegraph Office, Rangoon, Burma (1917)

title: John Begg