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Kart dynasty

The Kart dynasty, also known as the Kartids, was a Sunni Muslim dynasty of Tajik origin closely related to the Ghurids,
 * "'The Kurt dynasty which ruled Afghanistan under the Persian Mongols were also Tadjiks. In the south, spreading into BalocistBn the population of Tadjik origin goes by the name of DehwSr or Dehkan, i. e. villager, and north of the Hindn- kush ...'"
 * "'The indigenous Kurt dynasty, a Tajik line related to the Ghurids'"
 * "'The inhabitants of Seistan are a mixture of Tajiks and Baluchis. Some of them ... The Ghori and Kurt dynasties who ruled in Afghanistan were Tajiks ... '"
 * "'The indigenous Kert (Kurt) dynasty, a Tajik line related to the Ghurids, ruled at Herat'"
 * Farhad Daftary, The Ismāī̀līs: Their History and Doctrines, (Cambridge University Press, 1999), 445. that ruled over a large part of Khorasan during the 13th and 14th centuries. Ruling from their capital at Herat and central Khorasan in the Bamyan, they were at first subordinates of Sultan Abul-Fateh Ghiyāṣ-ud-din Muhammad bin Sām, Sultan of the Ghurid Empire, to whom they were related, and then as vassal princes within the Mongol Empire. Upon the fragmentation of the Ilkhanate in 1335, Mu'izz-uddin Husayn ibn Ghiyath-uddin worked to expand his principality. The death of Husayn b. Ghiyath-uddin in 1370 and the invasion of Timur in 1381, ended the Kart dynasty's ambitions.

Vassals of the Ghurid dynasty
The Karts trace their lineage to a Tajuddin Uthman Marghini, whose brother, 'Izzuddin Umar Marghini, was the Vizier of Sultan Ghiyāṣ-ud-din Muhammad bin Sām (d.1202-3). The founder of the Kart dynasty was Malik Rukn-uddin Abu Bakr, who was descended from the Shansabani family of Ghur.

Malik Rukn-uddin Abu Bakr married a Ghurid princess. Their son Shams-uddin succeeded his father in 1245.

Vassals of the Mongol Empire
Shams-uddin Muhammad succeeded his father in 1245, joined Sali Noyan in an invasion of India in the following year, and met the Sufi Saint Baha-ud-din Zakariya at Multan in 1247–8. Later he visited the Mongol Great Khan Möngke Khan (1248–1257), who placed under his sway Greater Khorasan (present Afghanistan) and possibly region up to the Indus. In 1263–4, after having subdued Sistan, he visited Hulagu Khan, and three years later his successor Abaqa Khan, whom he accompanied in his campaign against Darband and Baku. He again visited Abaqa Khan, accompanied by Shams-uddin the Sahib Diwan, in 1276–7, and this time the former good opinion of the Mongol sovereign in respect to him seems to have been changed to suspicion, which led to his death, for he was poisoned in January 1278, by means of a water-melon given to him while he was in the bath at Tabriz. Abaqa Khan even caused his body to be buried in chains at Jam in Khorasan.

Fakhr-uddin was a patron of literature, but also extremely religious. He had previously been cast in prison by his father for seven years, until the Ilkhanid general Nauruz intervened on his behalf. When Nauruz's revolt faltered around 1296, Fakhr-uddin offered him asylum, but when an Ilkhanid force approached Herat, he betrayed the general and turned him over to the forces of Ghazan. Three years later, Fakhr-uddin fought against Ghazan's successor Oljeitu, who shortly after his ascension in 1306 sent a force of 10,000 to take Herat. Fakhr-uddin, however, tricked the invaders by letting them occupy the city, and then destroying them, killing their commander Danishmand Bahadur in the process. He died on 26 February 1307. But Herat and Gilan were conquered by Oljeitu.

Sham-suddin Muhammad was succeeded by his son Rukn-uddin. The latter adopted the title of Malik (Arabic for king), which all succeeding Kart rulers were to use. By the time of his death; in Khaysar on 3 September 1305, effective power had long been in the hands of his son Fakhr-uddin.

Fakhr-uddin's brother Ghiyath-uddin succeeded him upon his death; almost immediately, he began to quarrel with another brother, Ala-uddin ibn Rukn-uddin. Taking his case before Oljeitu, who gave him a grand reception, he returned to Khurasan in 1307/8. Continuing troubles with his brother led him to visit the Ilkhan again in 1314/5. Upon returning to Herat, he found his territories being invaded by the Chagatai prince Yasa'ur, as well as hostility from Qutb-uddin of Isfizar and the populace of Sistan. A siege of Herat was set by Yasa'ur. The prince, however, was stopped by the armies of the Ilkhanate, and in August 1320, Ghiyath-uddin made a pilgrimage to Mecca, leaving his son Shams-uddin Muhammad ibn Ghiyath-uddin in control during his absence. In 1327 the Amir Chupan fled to Herat following his betrayal by the Ilkhan Abu Sa'id Bahadur Khan, where he requested asylum from Ghiyath-uddin, whom he was friends with. Ghiyath-uddin initially granted the request, but when Abu Sa'id pressured him to execute Chupan, he obeyed. Soon afterwards Ghiyath-uddin himself died, in 1329. He left three sons: Shams-uddin Muhammad ibn Ghiyath-uddin, Hafiz ibn Ghiyath-uddin and Mu'izz-uddin Husayn ibn Ghiyath-uddin.

Independent principality
Four years after Mu'izz-uddin Husayn ibn Ghiyath-uddin's ascension, the Ilkhan Abu Sa'id Bahadur Khan died, following which the Ilkhanate quickly fragmented. Mu'izz-uddin Husayn, for his part, allied with Togha Temür, a claimant to the Ilkhanid throne, and paid tribute to him. Up until his death, Mu'izz-uddin Husayn's main concern were the neighboring Sarbadars, centered in Sabzavar. As the Sarbadars were the enemies of Togha Temür, they considered the Karts a threat and invaded. When the Karts and Sarbadars met in the Battle of Zava on 18 July 1342, the battle was initially in the favor of the latter, but disunity within the Sarbadar army allowed the Karts to emerge victorious. Thereafter, Mu'izz-uddin Husayn undertook several successful campaigns against the Chagatai Mongols to the northeast. During this time, he took a still young Timur into his service. In 1349, while Togha Temür was still alive, Mu'izz-uddin Husayn stopped paying tribute to him, and ruled as an independent Sultan. Togha Temür's murder in 1353 by the Sarbadars ended that potential threat. Sometime around 1358, however, the Chagatai amir Qazaghan invaded Khurasan and sacked Herat. As he was returning home, Qazaghan was assassinated, allowing Mu'izz-uddin Husayn to reestablish his authority. Another campaign by the Sarbadars against Mu'izz-uddin Husayn in 1362 was aborted due to their internal disunity. Shortly afterwards, the Karts leader welcomed Shia dervishes fleeing from the Sarbadar ruler Ali-yi Mu'ayyad, who had killed their leader during the aborted campaign. In the meantime, however, relations with Timur became tense when the Karts launched a raid into his territory. Upon Mu'izz-uddin Husayn's death in 1370, his son Ghiyas-uddin Pir 'Ali inherited most of the Kart lands, except for Sarakhs and a portion of Quhistan, which Ghiyas-uddin's stepbrother Malik Muhammad ibn Mu'izz-uddin gained.

Vassals of the Timurids
Ghiyas-uddin Pir 'Ali, a grandson of Togha Temür through his mother Sultan Khatun, attempted to destabilize the Sarbadars by stirring up the refugee dervishes within his country. 'Ali-yi Mu'ayyad countered by conspiring with Malik Muhammad. When Ghiyas-uddin Pir 'Ali attempted to remove Malik Muhammad, 'Ali-yi Mu'ayyad flanked his army and forced him to abort the campaign, instead compromising with his stepbrother. The Sarbadars, however, soon suffered a period of internal strife, and Ghiyas-uddin Pir 'Ali took advantage of this by seizing the city of Nishapur around 1375 or 1376. In the meantime, both Ghiyas-uddin Pir 'Ali and Malik Muhammad had asked for the assistance of Timur regarding their conflict: the former had sent an embassy to him, while the latter had appeared before Timur in person as a requester of asylum, having been driven out of Sarakhs. Timur responded to Ghiyas-uddin Pir 'Ali by proposing a marriage between his niece Sevinj Qutluq Agha and the Kart ruler's son Pir Muhammad ibn Ghiyas-uddin, a marriage which took place in Samarkand around 1376. Later on, Timur invited Ghiyas-uddin Pir 'Ali to a council, so that the latter could submit to him, but when the Kart attempted to excuse himself from coming by claiming he had to deal with the Shia population in Nishapur, Timur decided to invade. He was encouraged by many Khurasanis, included Mu'izzu'd-Din's former vizier Mu'in al-Din Jami, who sent a letter inviting Timur to intervene in Khurasan, and the shaikhs of Jam, who, being very influential persons, had convinced many of the Kart dignitaries to welcome Timur as the latter neared Herat. In April 1381, Timur arrived before the city, whose citizens were already demoralized and also aware of Timur's offer not to kill anyone that did not take part in the battle. The city fell, its fortifications were dismantled, theologians and scholars were deported to Timur's homeland, a high tribute was enacted, and Ghiyas-uddin Pir 'Ali and his son were carried off to Samarkand. Ghiyas-uddin Pir 'Ali was made Timur's vassal, until he supported a rebellion in 1382 by the maliks of Herat. Ghiyas-uddin Pir 'Ali and his family were executed around 1383, and Timur's son Miran Shah destroyed the revolt. That same year, a new uprising led by a Shaikh Da'ud-i Khitatai in Isfizar was quickly put down by Miran Shah. The remaining Karts were murdered in 1396 at a banquet by Miran Shah. The Karts therefore came to an end, having been the victims of Timur's first Persian campaign.

Rulers
The colored rows signify the following;
 * Yellow – under Ghurid dynasty suzerainty
 * Orange – under Mongol Empire and later Ilkhanate suzerainty
 * Gray – Independent
 * Pink – under Timurid suzerainty

title: Kart dynasty


text:
User:MSueWIllis

See Meredith Sue Willis.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User:MSueWIllis


text:
User:Mmmbeer

About Me
I am a patent laywer. I have a B.S. in computer science also from University of Wisconsin-Madison.

My legal interests include patents, copyrights, trademarks, and intellectual property, in general.

Hobbies
I enjoy volleyball. I'm 6'3", so that helps.

My contributions
I quit keeping track, so look at my contributions instead.

Important links

 * Law Links
 * WikiProject Law
 * Law Stubs
 * Requested_articles/list_of_missing_legal_terms
 * List_of_legal_topics
 * Recent changes
 * Special pages
 * New pages
 * Recent changes

title: User:Mmmbeer


text:
Wikipedia:Collaboration of the week/Balneology

Balneology (July 18)

 * Nominated on 23:54, July 11, 2005 (UTC); needs 5 votes by July 18.

This one doesn't even exist! Should be an interesting topic for COTW. However, it may require a knowledgeable chemist to assist us with its proper coverage.

Support:
 * 1) KNewman 23:54, July 11, 2005 (UTC)
 * 2) Deryck C. 12:10, 14 July 2005 (UTC)


text:
Talk:King's Gambit

Weaseling
This article uses an excessive amount of weasel language. Please reference the various claims that this-or-that line "is considered" better or worse. --Malathion 23:54, 11 July 2005 (UTC)

Carlsen plays it at top level
In light of the mention about the King's Gambit being rarely seen at master level, is it newsworthy to add that Magnus Carlsen scored the full point with it against a 2750 this June 17th?

(http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessgame?gid=1584993) —Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.77.66.165 (talk) 21:52, 24 June 2010 (UTC)

Kicking
Who removed the part about kicking? That seemed like a legitimate strategy. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 93.103.54.230 (talk) 21:50, 9 December 2009 (UTC)

New diagrams
I apply a new template of chess diagram according to inter-wiki chess project:. Please read this and join the discussion. --Klin 08:21, 5 August 2005 (UTC)

This article needs some editing in terms of the way it is written.--Gagueci 21:24, 28 June 2006 (UTC)

Contradiction
The article states in the introduction that "Black can obtain a reasonable position by relinquishing the extra pawn at a later time and consolidating defensively" and that "Black must decide whether or not to accept the gambit. Since White cannot easily regain the pawn if Black accepts, the King's Gambit Accepted is the most common." just under the "Variations" header. This looks contradictory. Does it make sense to win a pawn because if your chances of survival depend on losing it later? MJGR 09:41, 17 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Yes; do you know anything about chess? 74.225.130.13 21:36, 19 March 2007 (UTC)

Small error
The second paragraph in "King's Gambit Declined" contains a numbering error. The line "2...Nf6 3.fxe5 Nxe4 4.Nf3 Ng5! 4.d4 Nxf3+ 5.Qxf3 Qh4+ 6.Qf2 Qxf2+ 7.Kxf2" contains two moves of move 4.. I assume that the second move should be numbered 5., but I'm just assuming that. It would be nice if someone with intimite knowledge of the subject could fix it, because it causes some confusion. Thanks. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Mpol (talk • contribs) 11:50, 16 May 2007 (UTC).

 * That went a while without being corrected. I've fixed it now. 91.105.26.235 23:37, 1 September 2007 (UTC)

Work needed
The Fischer Defense is mentioned four times in the text, which is at least two times too many. The American Chess Quarterly article is cited in two widely separated spots, and there's too much repetition. These should be consolidated. I can't do it right now, but I may give it a try later unless someone better equipped for the task takes it on first. Quale (talk) 15:22, 6 June 2008 (UTC)

 * I've had a go. I agree there was too much of it, especially as it has a separate article of its own! Pawnkingthree (talk) 15:58, 6 June 2008 (UTC)

Wha?
"Theory has shown that in order for Black to maintain the one pawn advantage, moves must be made that seriously weaken the position of the Black pieces"

Makes no sense!

 * Yes, this is correct. That is the whole point of the gambit.  Either (1) Black gets to keep the one-pawn advantage, but gets a weak position, or else (2) Black loses the one-pawn advantage, but avoids a weak position.  I will correct the article back to what it was before. Holy (talk) 00:38, 2 December 2008 (UTC)

 * I think that is right. Black has to weaken his position if he holds on to the pawn.  BTW, "black" and "white" are caps when they are used to substitute for a player's name, but not otherwise.  Bubba73 (talk), 00:51, 2 December 2008 (UTC)

On Fischer
"Despite this, Fischer played the King's Gambit himself in three subsequent tournament games, winning all of them." - It should be noted that the Fischer defence is a continuation after 3.Nf3, where all the games that Fischer played in the King's Gambit after this were the Bishop's Gambit, 3.Bc4. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 77.98.135.187 (talk) 11:15, 23 July 2009 (UTC)

3.Nf3 Qe7
The article said, "The odd 3. Nf3 Qe7 (intending 4.Nc3 d5!) is an interesting surprise weapon, but doubtful if White knows what he's doing." This is not supported by reliable sources, or indeed any sources. Moreover, as far as I can tell, this quote is a blend of original research and/or the writer's POV. The line is extremely rare. It is not mentioned in the King's Gambit specialist books by Korchnoi and Zak, Estrin and Glaskov, or Gallagher. Chessgames.com has only a handful of games with the move. White scores well, including with the natural and almost invariably played 4.Nc3, which the text implies is weak. The exclamation point after 4.Nc3 d5! is certainly POV - there is no apparent reason why that move should be strong. At a minimum, surely White is doing OK after 5.Nxd5 Qxe4+ 6.Qe2 Qxe2+ 7.Bxe2 Bd6 8.d4. Who says it's an interesting surprise weapon, or that it's doubtful if White knows what he's doing? These assertions, too, are unsupported and POV. Finally, given how rare this line is, and the fact that no one I can find talks about it, how is White supposed to "know what he's doing"? This is unhelpful to the reader, who isn't told what White should do, nor referred to any source for enlightenment on this score. For all of these reasons, this discussion of 3...Qe7 seems improper to me and I have accordingly deleted it from the article. Krakatoa (talk) 08:12, 20 November 2009 (UTC)

Reorganization suggested
I suggest the lines after 2...exf4 3.Nf3 are arranged in this order: - 3...g5 (Classical) - 3...d6 (Fischer) - 3...h6 (Becker) (these are closely related) - 3...d5 (Modern) - 3...Ne7 (Bonsch Osmolovsky) - 3...Nf6 (Schallop) - 3...Be7 (Cunningham) - Minor lines. grouping related lines together as this will make it easier to discuss plans and lines without repeating explanations — Preceding unsigned comment added by SverreJ0 (talk • contribs) 18:21, 25 February 2012 (UTC)

Solved via brute force?
I don't really feel qualified enough about Chess to add to the main listing but I wanted to point this out to anyone does. This guys seems to have tried all possible moves and seems to have a good analysis. http://chessbase.com/newsdetail.asp?newsid=8047 — Preceding unsigned comment added by 207.30.168.56 (talk) 17:10, 2 April 2012 (UTC) In view of chessbase's well known love of April Fools pranks, I'm a little suspicious of the article. Note that the interview itself was given on April 1. MaxBrowne (talk) 22:27, 2 April 2012 (UTC)

Indeed, ChessBase admits it's a prank. http://chessbase.com/newsdetail.asp?newsid=8051 24.218.46.19 (talk) 23:10, 3 April 2012 (UTC)

I should've read the talk page first. Came across the article and wondered why it hadn't been mentioned here. Oops. Regardless, it seems that many people were duped -- or at the very least that it attracted a good amount of attention -- and so is worth mentioning to prevent future shame :) --Rhododendrites (talk) 23:02, 21 July 2013 (UTC)

 * As Toccata quarta points out, this April Fools really has nothing to do with the KG itself. If it is to go anywhere it would belong at chessbase.com, although I'm doubtful that it warrants a mention even there. Quale (talk) 06:03, 22 July 2013 (UTC)

 * If I google for "a bust to the king's gambit" the wiki entry is no.2 & chessbase prank is no.3 but the two disclaimers by chessbase (later articles) do not come-up in google search at all. I truly got fooled (that too 3 years after the intended prank), so as a clarification, I have linked both the chessbase's prank & subsequent explanations. Hope this prevents new people getting fooled by a combination of google search & chessbase :) J mareeswaran (talk) 11:38, 7 April 2016 (UTC)

Triple Muzio
I added the Double Muzio bit. I may be pushing my luck adding the Triple Muzio system (heh) which follows the double, but with 8.b3 (so white can further insist on the third sac with Bb2)

There are many variations, however Kd8 (instead of Kxf7 accepting the third sac) and/or f6 give black too much time to end up using his extra material. With black queen temporarily out of play (especially if Qxa1 Nc3) white can sometimes force draws with rook and queen.

Note: before you consider this completely crazy and "not chess" you should look at Tartakower - Leonhardt (1908) http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessgame?gid=1076107

74.68.153.226 (talk) 22:47, 6 May 2012 (UTC)

 * From the article: "If Black does not capture immediately, it can be forced with Bb2, hoping Black does not know about the Kd8 defense to the following Bxf7+.)" Wishful thinking doesn't usually work... Double sharp (talk) 12:41, 26 September 2014 (UTC)

King's Knight G vs. King Knight's G vs. King's Knight's G
I've checked some sources, and find no real consistency in name form. (I've found "King's Knight Gambit", "King Knight's Gambit", and "King's Kight's Gambit".) Our Glossary of chess is fond of "king knight" not "king's knight", however whether consistency is even possible I don't know, for example, King's Pawn Game not "king pawn's". It seems that "king's knight's" s/b avoided however, at least that's MO. Ok, Ihardlythinkso (talk) 14:59, 7 December 2013 (UTC)

Best to accept the gambit ?
Didn't Tarrasch prove that Falkbeer's countergambit is superior ? I haven't come across any "Grandmaster game" where White has dared to play King's Gambit ... ever. (I used to play high level games occationally, and still have a brief look on chess columns in newspapers) I'm rather fond of playing accepted King's Gambit myself. But that's not much worth, I'm not even a club player. (I have a cousin that 20 years ago had an ELO-rating of around 1875, who I then managed to defeat though) However - back to the question, am I under wrong impression ? Is King's Gambit actually still played, and accepted when played ? Boeing720 (talk) 01:17, 26 November 2014 (UTC)
 * I have played it multiple times on chess.com Boeing720 and I mostly win except when it is declined. My few wins against 1500 glicko + are after the King's Gambit Accepted i'm 1200-1300 glicko. so I wouldn't accept it. Michael james campbell (talk) 16:11, 26 December 2017 (UTC)

Salvio Gambit
5...Qh4+ 6.Kf1 Nc6! appears to be a good attempt at a refutation. 7.Nxf7 Bc5 8.Qe1 g3! 9.Nxh8 Bf2 10.Qd1 Nf6 11.d4 d5 12.exd5 Bg4 13.Be2 Nxd4 14.Nc3 f3! 15.Bxf3 Bxf3 is known theory and White is either mated or loses heavy material. But is 11.Nc3 an improvement? I would guess 11...Ng4 to be the way to go, but this is complicated. Double sharp (talk) 06:26, 14 February 2016 (UTC)

12.Nd5 Kf8 13.h3 or 12.h3 seem plausible but tend to result in the triumph of Black's g-pawn. Maybe 13.c3 is a better idea?! (It stops the knight coming to d4 to help set up the mating net.) 13...d6 does free the bishop and get another piece moving into the action – Black is already down a rook. (S)he has to mate, force a draw, or at least regain material equality. Double sharp (talk) 06:33, 14 February 2016 (UTC)
 * Seems like h3 and c3 are plausible pawn moves, preventing checks at g4 and d4 respectively. 13.Nxc7+ seems too materialistic and seems to just result in doom. Double sharp (talk) 06:48, 14 February 2016 (UTC)
 * Talk pages are for discussing improvements to the article, not general discussion of the article's subject. Your analysis looks good but it's original research so we can't use it. A chess forum (e.g. chesspub.com) would be a better venue to discuss your analysis. MaxBrowne (talk) 13:12, 14 February 2016 (UTC)

Defence/Defense
Don't care which one we go for but let's put the British English or American English template at the head and avoid any reverts/edit wars over Noah Webster's preferences. MaxBrowne (talk) 12:19, 9 December 2016 (UTC)
 * MOS:RETAIN applies, so I reverted. Quale (talk) 06:23, 10 December 2016 (UTC)
 * Both spellings are still being used. MaxBrowne (talk) 07:55, 10 December 2016 (UTC) This edit by an IP is the first to introduce the word "defense/defence" to the article. Accordingly, the spelling "defense" (and American spellings generally) should be used unless there is consensus to change it. And yes, it's a rather arbitrary way to determine it, but WP:RETAIN applies. MaxBrowne (talk) 07:58, 10 December 2016 (UTC)
 * Thanks. It isn't completely arbitrary of course, and it is designed to make a definite determination even if in a somewhat arbitrary way.  Bobby Fischer uses AmE and Tony Miles should use BrE according to the strong national ties criterion.  Most articles don't have strong national ties so the sensible thing to do is to use the variant established by the first major contributor.  It would be truly arbitrary if we let drive by editors change spellings to their favorite variant, especially since this is nearly always their only "contribution".  The only other alternative would be to establish a single preferred spelling across all of of Wikipedia, and there's no chance that would fly.  As an aside, even the variants can't decide on a single spelling.  Oxford spelling uses -ize in a way familiar to Americans, and I've noticed a recent tendency in America to (mis)spell "canceled" using the British "cancelled".  Quale (talk) 16:42, 10 December 2016 (UTC)
 * I should note that this also comes up when considering date formats. The application of strong national ties is a little subtle there.  If day-month-year dates are used in Germany then some editors seem to think that strong national ties means that date format is required in biographies of Germans.  I don't think that's correct.  Since Germany is not English-speaking, strong national ties doesn't apply and the date formats are subject to the same RETAIN principle that applies to spelling variants.  (For example, I assume that Germans might use 16 Dezember instead of December 16.)  Dates for articles tied to the UK, India, Canada, etc. should use the local format.  Quale (talk) 16:49, 10 December 2016 (UTC)

User-generated source
An IP keeps adding a source to WikiBooks, which I believe should not be cited due to it being user-generated content. StudiesWorld (talk) 23:58, 8 June 2019 (UTC)

On the Schallopp
Seems fine rather than dubious, at least according to Stockfish (source). Double sharp (talk) 08:35, 23 August 2020 (UTC)
 * Shaw agrees that 3...Nf6 is a decent move. Since the claim is unsourced I'll remove it. MaxBrowne2 (talk) 06:33, 24 August 2020 (UTC)
 * OK the line given was unsourced and it was rubbish. Black's normal move after 3...Nf6 4.e5 Nh5 5.d4 is 5...d6, not 5...g5?!, and the line just gets worse from there. MaxBrowne2 (talk) 07:09, 24 August 2020 (UTC)

Göttingen manuscript
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%B6ttingen_manuscript

There is no Kings Gambit in Göttingen manuscript. Best regards, Marius Ringwelski 2003:CB:672D:75F4:2935:EE1C:553C:CBF1 (talk) 00:56, 15 March 2023 (UTC)

Notes section
It says "Engine evaluations tend to be around -1 after 1.e4." This is certainly false since 1.e4 is considered by many to be the strongest opening move for white. I assume it is meant to be "after 2.f4" or "after 1.e4 e5 2.f4". Additionally, I can't find a free engine giving it an evaluation that bad. Stockfish on lichess gives it -0.5, on chess.com -0.46 at depth 36. If there is a paid version or deeper analysis that actually gives it -1 it would be best to cite it to avoid confusion. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 82.82.72.226 (talk) 19:00, 11 November 2023 (UTC)
 * I just removed it, I don't like references to engine evals in chess articles in general (we should be writing from a human-centric point of view), and if you must refer to engine evals then you need a source. MaxBrowne2 (talk) 01:02, 13 November 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:King's Gambit


text:
Big Brother 6

Big Brother 6 is the sixth season of various versions of Big Brother and may refer to:

 * Big Brother 2006 (Netherlands), the 2006 Dutch edition of Big Brother
 * Gran Hermano Spain (Season 6), the 2004 edition of the reality television series Big Brother (Gran Hermano Spain)
 * Big Brother 2005 (UK), the 2005 edition of the UK reality television series Big Brother
 * Big Brother 6 (U.S.), the 2005 edition of the US reality television series Big Brother
 * Big Brother Germany (Season 6), the 2005-2006 German edition of Big Brother
 * Big Brother Australia 2006, the 2006 edition of the reality television series Big Brother Australia
 * Big Brother Brasil 6, the 2006 Brazilian edition of Big Brother
 * Grande Fratello Season 6, the 2006 edition of the reality television series Big Brother in Italy
 * Big Brother 2010 (Finland), the 2010 edition of Big Brother in Finland
 * Gran Hermano Argentina (Season 6), the 2010-2011 Argentinian edition of Big Brother
 * Big Brother Africa (season 6), the 2011 edition of Big Brother in Africa
 * Secret Story 2012 (France), the 2012 edition of Big Brother in France
 * Big Brother 2012 (Sweden), the 2012 Swedish edition of Big Brother
 * Bigg Boss 6 (disambiguation)
 * Bigg Boss (season 6), the 2012-2013 edition of Big Brother in India in Hindi
 * Bigg Boss Kannada (season 6), sixth season of Big Brother in India in Kannada
 * Bigg Boss (Tamil season 6), sixth season of Big Brother in India in Tamil
 * Bigg Boss (Telugu season 6), sixth season of Big Brother in India in Telugu
 * Big Brother 6 (Albania), the 2013 Albanian edition of Big Brother
 * Big Brother 6 (Denmark), the 2014 Danish edition of Big Brother

title: Big Brother 6


text:
Roman Catholic Diocese of Beauvais

The Diocese of Beauvais, Noyon, and Senlis (Dioecesis Bellovacensis, Noviomensis et Silvanectensis; Diocèse de Beauvais, Noyon et Senlis) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Catholic Church in France. The diocese encompasses the department of Oise in the region of Hauts-de-France. The diocese is a suffragan of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Reims. The current bishop is Jacques Benoit-Gonnin, appointed in 2010.

History
The Diocese of Beauvais was founded in the 3rd century, by St. Lucian (Lucianus, Lucien), according to a story first told in the 9th century. Gregory of Tours, who wrote in the second half of the 6th century, however, never speaks of the diocese of Beauvais or of any of its bishops. Neither does the name of Beauvais appear in the documents of any church council down to 695.

After 1015 each Bishop of Beauvais was simultaneously Count of Beauvais, and one of the Peers of France. Count Odo of Beauvais had given all of his lands in his county to Bishop Roger and the Church of Beauvais, with the consent of King Robert; he also made the bishop his heir to the county. The Bishop had a role in the coronation ceremony of the French king, and played a role in politics.

Bishop Roger II died during the First Crusade, Philip of Dreux was a participant in the Third Crusade and the Battle of Bouvines, and Pierre Cauchon was the leading judge in the trial of Jeanne d'Arc.

Politics and scandal in Beauvais
Beginning in 1100, a five year long period of ecclesiastical, social and political discord descended upon Beauvais, involving eventually Bishop Ivo of Chartres, Archbishop Manasses of Reims, two papal legates, Joannes of Saint Anastasia and Benedict of Saint Pudenziana, King Philip I of France, and Pope Paschal II. On the death of Bishop Ansellus of Beauvais in November 1099, it became evident that there were two opposed parties in the business of the election of a successor. One was the majority of the Chapter and the secular clergy of the diocese, who were accommodated to the social system of society and preferred matters as they were; the other was led by the clergy of Saint-Quentin, who were seeking reform and greater rigor, and who looked to Ivo of Chartres, formerly a priest in Saint-Quentin, for advice and support. The Chapter chose as its candidate Étienne de Garlande, fourth son of Guillaume, Seneschal of France, a protégé of the excommunicated King Philip I and his mistress Bertrade, who were no doubt expecting Garlande's aid in solving their matrimonial problems. He was not in holy orders at all, and yet was Dean of Orleans and Archdeacon of Paris. The other candidate, supported by the monks of Saint-Quentin, was Walon (Gualon), abbot of Saint-Quentin. In the election, Étienne obtained exactly enough votes to form a majority.

It happened that the ecclesiastical Province of Reims was holding a synod at Soissons, and the leaders of the winning party, the Dean and Archdeacons of Beauvais, went to announce the election and request that letters be sent to the King and the Pope on Etienne's behalf, and they petitioned Lambert of Arras, the Papal Visitor in the province to write to Pope Paschal as well. The letter to Lambert seriously misrepresented the facts in stating that the election was nearly unanimous. The losing party enlisted Ivo of Chartres, who made a detailed investigation into the deeds and character of Étienne Garlande. He found that Garlande was not in holy orders, that he was illiterate and addicted to gambling, that he had a bad moral reputation, that he had been excommunicated by the Legate Hugh de Die for public incontinence (which made him ineligible for ecclesiastical office), and that his election had been intrigued at by laymen who were excommunicated. He then wrote both to the papal legates, Joannes and Benedict, and to the Pope himself.

The Pope took the case, and Étienne had to make the journey to Rome to clear his reputation. He failed, but on his return to France, he extorted a letter of recommendation from Ivo of Chartres. The Pope, however, was not fooled, and quashed the election. A new election was ordered, and Lambert of Arras was ordered to preside at the election. The canonically convoked assembly elected Walon (Gualon) the Abbot of Saint-Quentin. The King, however, refused to recognize the election, and Prince Louis made a statement to the effect that Walon would never be bishop of Beauvais, and that the King should install Étienne immediately, which was done. The Pope, however, ratified the election of Gualon, and issued a mandate to Archbishop Manasses of Reims to consecrate him. The Archbishop was a friend of the Court, though, and had crowned the excommunicated King. He procrastinated in taking action. Gualon, therefore, set out for Rome, where he so impressed the Pope that Paschal appointed him Apostolic Legate to Poland. In the meantime the Church of Beauvais sank into disorder, with two competing jurisdictions, that of the uncanonical and unconsecrated Étienne, and that of the Vicars appointed by the Chapter in the absence of a consecrated bishop. The King raged against the Chapter and exiled several of the Canons, and Ivo of Chartres consoled it with the knowledge that it was canonically justified.

Finally, Ivo worked out a settlement with the King. Prince Louis held a meeting in Beauvais with the Chapter in January 1104, which brought peace to the city. Since the diocese of Paris happened to be vacant, the Pope authorized the transfer of bishop-elect Gualon to the diocese of Paris, and the seat of Beauvais was declared to be vacant. In December the King was reconciled to the Church, and his excommunication was lifted.

Councils in Beauvais
A synod was held in Beauvais in 845, in the presence of King Charles the Bald, during a sede vacante of the See of Beauvais. The synod ratified the election of Hincmar as Archbishop of Reims.

On 6 December 1114 a Council was held in Beauvais, presided over by the Papal Legate Cardinal Kuno von Erach (Conon, Kono). The Archbishops of Reims, Bourges and Sens and their suffragans participated. The Emperor Henry V was again anathematized, along with the Bishop of Münster and Count Thomas de Marla, who enjoyed raving the areas of Laon, Reims and Amiens. The case of Bishop Geoffroy of Amiens, who had been driven from his city by the burghers, was discussed, and his resignation was submitted. The discovery of Manichaean heretics in the diocese of Soissons was discussed, but action was deferred until the next synod.

Cardinal Kuno von Erach held another synod in Beauvais, on 18 October 1120. The purpose was to decide on the sainthood of Bishop Arnulf of Soissons (died 1087). The synod accepted his sanctity and authorized the moving of his remains from the convent of Aldenbourg in the diocese of Tournai to the cathedral of Soissons.

There is a note in the Chronicon Malleacense that a council took place at Beauvais in 1124. Nothing at all is known about it.

In 1160 an important council was convoked at Beauvais by King Louis VII of France. The papal Conclave of 1159 had produced a schism between Pope Alexander III and the puppet of the Emperor Frederick Barbarossa, Octavianus de' Monticelli, Cardinal of S. Cecilia, who called himself Victor IV. The council agreed with the King that Alexander III was the true pope, a judgment that was confirmed in a joint meeting held by Louis VII and Henry II of England at Toulouse in the autumn of 1160.

Hundred Years War
Beauvais, which was situated close to the frontier between English and French territories, was frequently subjected to attack and siege from the English and their allies, especially the Burgundians.

The celebrated Battle of Agincourt took place only a few miles north of Beauvais on 25 October 1415.

On 1 June 1427, Bishop Pierre Cauchon, who was a partisan of Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, and no supporter of Charles VII, was one of the consecrators of Jacques du Chastellier, the English candidate for the bishopric of Paris. He fled from Beauvais as Charles' armies appeared in the area, led by Jeanne d'Arc (Joan of Arc). Cauchon took refuge in Rouen, where he was induced by the English to sit as judge in the trial of Joan, who had been captured on 23 May 1430. After a contentious trial he pronounced her guilty, and had her turned over to the secular authorities to be burned as an heretic. He also assisted at the coronation of the English King Henry VI in Paris on 17 December 1431.

In 1452 the case was reopened on orders of Pope Nicholas V by Cardinal Guillaume d'Estouteville, cousin of a former bishop of Beauvais, but the proceedings did not lead to a definitive conclusion. In 1455 they were begun again on orders of the new pope, Calixtus III, and the bishop of Beauvais at the time, Bishop Guillaume de Hellande, as successor of Pierre Cauchon, was required to provide defense attorneys to argue the case for Cauchon's right conduct. The court issued its judgment on 7 June 1456: "We say, pronounce, decree and declare the said Processes and Sentences full of cozenage, iniquity, inconsequences, and manifest errors, in fact as well as in law. We say that they have been, and are, and shall be—as well as the aforesaid Abjuration, their execution, and all that followed—null, nonexistent, without value or effect."

In 1472 Beauvais was attacked and besieged by forces of the Duke of Burgundy. Their leader, Philippe de Crevecoeur, Sieur d'Esquerdes (des Cordes) launched the attack on 27 June, which broke through the fortifications and seized the faubourg de Saint-Quentin. Bishop Jean de Bar immediately mounted his horse and tried to leave the city, heading for Paris to obtain royal aid, but he was stopped by the defenders, who had orders to allow no one to leave the city. Matters were clarified, and the bishop was in Paris on July 1. He offered the leaders of the commune nearly 1,000 livres which the King had given for the construction of the cathedral. The Seigneur de Tressures had also ridden out and obtained several thousand troops from various sources, including Robert d'Estouteville, Provost of Paris. In the meantime, the church of Saint-Hippolyte, which had been taken by the besiegers, was destroyed by fire, and the episcopal palace, next to the ramparts, took fire in three places, perhaps by arson. Assaults continued through 6 July, at which there was a pause until the 9th. In the third assault, when the Burgundian standard was planted on the ramparts, a courageous Beauvasienne, Jeanne Hachette, grabbed it and threw it back down into the ditch, rallying the citizens to throw back the Burgundians, and even to mount a nighttime attack on the Burgundian camp which killed over 200, many of them officers. After losses of more than 3,000 men, the Duke of Burgundy abandoned the siege on 22 July. Three days later, the bishop celebrated a Mass. The Abbey of Saint-Quentin had been rendered uninhabitable.

Cathedral and Chapter
In 875, Bishop Odo, with the consent of King Charles the Bald, as an act of considerable generosity, increased the number of Canons in the Cathedral of Saint-Pierre to fifty. Around the year 1320, the cathedral was served by a Chapter composed of eight dignities (not 'dignitaries') and forty canons. The dignities were: the Dean (who was also Archdeacon of Bray ), the Treasurer, the Archdeacon of Beauvais, the Archdeacon of Belvacinio, the Cantor, the Succentor, the Penitentiary, and the Chancellor. The Dean was elected by the Chapter, the others were episcopal appointments. By 1679 the dignities had been reduced to five.

Six of the churches in Beauvais were also capitular churches: Saint-Nicolas (6 prebends), Saint-Bartholomew (7 prebends), Saint-Michel (13 prebends), Saint-Laurent (7 prebends), Nôtre-Dame du Châtel (12 prebends), and Saint-Vaast (11 prebends). These offices were all benefices, in the gift of the bishop or of the Chapter, and provided a regular income for the incumbents. These offices were a way of rewarding faithful followers. There was also a Collegiate Church at Geberoy (headed by a Dean, with 5 prebends, later 12 prebends).

In 1516 King Francis I signed at treaty with Pope Leo X, which has come to be called the Concordat of Bologna, in which the King and his successors acquired the right to nominate each and every one of the bishops in France, except those of the dioceses of Metz, Toul and Verdun.

Revolution
During the French Revolution the diocese of Beauvais was suppressed by the Legislative Assembly, under the Civil Constitution of the Clergy (1790). Its territory was subsumed into the new diocese, called 'Oise', which was coterminous with the new civil department of the same name. Oise was made part of the Metropolitanate called the 'Métropole des Cotes de la Manche'. The new Civil Constitution mandated that bishops be elected by the citizens of each 'département', which immediately raised the most severe issues in Canon Law, since the electors did not need to be Catholics and the approval of the Pope was not only not required, but actually forbidden. Erection of new dioceses and transfer of bishops, moreover, was not canonically in the competence of civil authorities or of the Church in France. The result was schism between the 'Constitutional Church' and the Roman Catholic Church.

The legitimate bishop of Beauvais, François-Joseph de la Rochefoucauld, declined to take the required oath to the Civil Constitution, and betook himself to Paris, where he was accused and arrested. He was imprisoned in the monastery of the Carmelites, along with his brother, Pierre Louis, who was Bishop of Saintes. Both were massacred on 2 September 1792.

In 1791 the electors of 'Oise' assembled and elected as their Constitutional Bishop a priest, Jean-Baptiste Massieu, who had been a teacher, first at Vernon, and then at Nancy. He became cure of Cergy near Pontoise in 1782, and was elected to the Estates General for the bailliage of Senlis. He was in Paris at the time of his election, serving as an active member of the Ecclesiastical Committee which had drawn up the civil Constitution. He had just been elected secretary of the Legislative Assembly. He was consecrated at Notre-Dame de Paris on 6 March 1791 by Constitutional Bishop Jean-Baptiste Gobel, the seventh constitutional bishop to be consecrated. His behavior became more and more radical, during 1791 and 1792. He voted in favor of the execution of King Louis XVI. He resigned the priesthood and helped to organize the Terror. He married the daughter of the mayor of Givet, and presided at the Festivals of Reason. Complaints against him were so frequent, however, that he was delated to the Committee of Public Safety, and condemned on 9 August 1794. Somehow he escaped the guillotine and was pardoned in October 1794, and given a post as teacher in the school at Versailles. He had no successor in the Constitutional church, which he had helped to make universally loathed in the former diocese of Beauvais.

The territory of the former diocese of Beauvais was made part of the Diocese of Amiens when legitimate ecclesiastical government was restored in 1802. Church property, which had been confiscated for the public good by the Constitutional Assembly, was not restored. Bishops and priests therefore continued to be dependent upon salaries paid to them by the State, a practice which continued down until the Law of the Separation of the Churches and the State of 1905. The Diocese of Beauvais was re-established in 1822, and the Diocese of Beauvais, Noyon, and Senlis was created in 1851, comprising the territories of all three formerly separate dioceses. Beauvais Cathedral serves as the seat of the enlarged diocese.

Roman and Medieval Period

 * St. Lucianus (3rd century)
 * Thalasius
 * Victor
 * Chanarus
 * Numitius
 * Licerius
 * Themerus
 * Bertegesillus
 * Rodomarus
 * Ansoldus
 * Ribertus
 * Cogerimus

 * Maurinus (c. 632–c. 638)
 * Himbertus

 * Clement (c. 667–c. 683)
 * Constantinus (c. 692–c. 706)
 * Radingus
 * Dodo
 * Marinus
 * Rocoaldus
 * Miroldus
 * Ercambertus
 * Austringus

 * Deodatus
 * Andreas

 * Hodingus
 * Adalmanus
 * Ragimbertus

800–1100

 * Hildemannus (c. 821–844)
 * Erminfridus (846–859)
 * Odo I (860–881)
 * Hrotgarius (881–888)
 * Honoratus (888–890)
 * Herluin (909–921)
 * Bovon
 * Hildegar
 * Walleran (933–972)
 * Herveus (Hervé) (987–997)
 * Hugues (997–1002)
 * Roger of Blois (1002–1022)
 * Warinus (1022–1030)
 * Drogon (1035–1058)
 * Guilbert (1059–1063)
 * Guido (1063–1085), resigned
 * Ursion of Melun (1085–1089)
 * Fulk of Dammartin (1089–1095)
 * Roger II (1095–1096)
 * Ansel (1096–1099)

1100–1300

 * Galon (1099–1104) Bishop-elect
 * Godfrey of Pisseleu (1104–1114)
 * Peter of Dammartin (1114–1133)
 * Odo II (1133–1144)
 * Odo III (1144–1148)
 * Henry (1149–1162)
 * Bartholomew of Montcornet (1162–1175)
 * Philip of Dreux (1175–1217)
 * Milo of Nanteuil (1217–1234)
 * Godefrey de Clermont-Nestle (1234–1236)
 * Robert de Cressonsacq (1237–1248)
 * Guillaume de Grès (1249–1267)
 * Renaud de Nanteuil (1267–1283)
 * Theobald de Nanteuil (1283–1300)

1300 to 1500

 * Simon de Clermont-Nesle (1301–1312/13)
 * Jean de Marigny (1313–1347)
 * Guillaume Bertrand (1347–1356)
 * Philippe d'Alençon (1356–1360)
 * Cardinal Jean de Dormans (1360–1368)
 * Jean d'Anguerant (1368–1375)
 * Miles de Dormans (1375–1387)
 * Guillaume de Vienne (1387–1388)
 * Thomas d'Estouteville (1388–1395)
 * Louis d'Orléans (1395–1397)
 * Pierre de Savoisy (1398–1412)
 * Bernard of Chevenon (1413–1420)
 * Pierre Cauchon (1420–1432)
 * Jean Juvenal des Ursins (1433–1444)
 * Guillaume de Hellande (1444–1462)
 * Jean de Bar (1462–1488)

1500 to 1800

 * Louis de Villiers de L'Isle-Adam (1497–1521)
 * Antoine Lascaris de Tende (1523–1530)
 * Charles de Villiers (1530–1535)
 * Cardinal Odet de Coligny de Châtillon (Administrator, 1535–1563)
 * Cardinal Charles de Bourbon (1569–1575)
 * Nicolas Fumée (1575–1593)
 * René Potier (1596–1616)
 * Augustin Potier (1617–1650)
 * Nicolas Choart de Buzenval (1651–1679)
 * Cardinal Toussaint de Forbin-Janson (1679–1713)
 * François Honoré Antoine de Beauvilliers de Saint-Aignan (1713–1728)
 * Cardinal Étienne-René Potier de Gesvres (1728–1772)
 * François-Joseph de la Rochefoucauld (1772–1792)

French Revolution

 * Jean-Baptiste Massieu (1802–1805) (Constitutional Bishop)

1823–present

 * Claude-Louis de Lesquen (1823–1825)
 * François Hyacinthe Jean Feutrier (1825–1830)
 * Jean-Louis-Simon Lemercier (1832–1838)
 * Pierre-Marie Cottret (1838–1841)
 * Joseph-Armand Gignoux (1842–1878)
 * François Edouard Hasley (1878–1880)
 * Désiré-Joseph Dennel (1880–1884)
 * Joseph-Maxence Peronne (1884–1892)
 * Frédéric Fuzet (1892–1900)
 * Marie-Jean-Célestin Douais (1900–1915)
 * Eugène-Stanislas Le Senne (1915–1937), died 14 March 1937
 * Félix Roeder (1937–1955), retired 21 February 1955
 * Pierre-Mararie Lacointe (1955–1965), died 23 April 1965
 * Stéphane Émile Alfred Desmazières (1965–1978), retired 20 September 1978
 * Jacques André Marie Jullien (1978–1984), later Coadjutor-Archbishop of Rennes, 21 May 1984
 * Adolphe-Maria Gustave Hardy (1985–1995), retired 13 May 1995
 * Guy Marie Alexandre Thomazeau (1995–2002), later Archbishop of Montpellier, August 28, 2002
 * Jean-Paul James (2003–2009), later Bishop of Nantes
 * Jacques Benoit-Gonnin (18 March 2010 – present)

Reference works

 * pp. 510–512. (Use with caution; obsolete)
 * (in Latin) p. 132.
 * (in Latin) p. 104.
 * p. 131.
 * p. 113.
 * p. 117.
 * p. 119.

Studies

 * Duchesne, Louis (1915). Fastes épiscopaux de l'ancienne Gaule Tome troisième. Paris: Fontemoing 1915, pp. 119–122.
 * Duchesne, Louis (1915). Fastes épiscopaux de l'ancienne Gaule Tome troisième. Paris: Fontemoing 1915, pp. 119–122.
 * Duchesne, Louis (1915). Fastes épiscopaux de l'ancienne Gaule Tome troisième. Paris: Fontemoing 1915, pp. 119–122.
 * Duchesne, Louis (1915). Fastes épiscopaux de l'ancienne Gaule Tome troisième. Paris: Fontemoing 1915, pp. 119–122.
 * Duchesne, Louis (1915). Fastes épiscopaux de l'ancienne Gaule Tome troisième. Paris: Fontemoing 1915, pp. 119–122.

title: Roman Catholic Diocese of Beauvais


text:
FPL

FPL may refer to:

Government and politics

 * Federal Poverty Level, in the United States
 * Forest Products Laboratory, of the United States Forest Service
 * Free Party of Luxembourg, a defunct political party in Luxembourg
 * Fuerzas Populares de Liberación Farabundo Martí, a defunct Salvadoran guerrilla organization
 * Liberal People's Party (Sweden) (Swedish: Folkpartiet liberalerna), a political party in Sweden
 * Popular Liberation Front (Guatemala) (Spanish: Frente Popular Libertador), a defunct political party in Guatemala

Other uses

 * Federation Professional League, a defunct South African football league
 * Feline panleukopenia, a viral infection affecting cats
 * Filipino Premier League, a football league of the Philippines
 * Fantasy Premier League, a Fantasy Football (Soccer) game
 * Film and Photo League, a defunct artist collective
 * Flexor pollicis longus muscle, a muscle in the forearm and hand
 * Flight plan, documents indicating an aircraft's planned route
 * Florida Power & Light, an American utility company
 * Frederick and Pennsylvania Line Railroad Company, a defunct American railroad
 * French Polynesia, UNDP country code
 * Fullerton Public Library, in Fullerton, California, United States
 * Functional programming language

title: FPL


text:
User:Dschwen/Wars of the 19th century

[ edit this template]

title: User:Dschwen/Wars of the 19th century


text:
Gospel Communications International

Gospel Communications International (formerly Gospel Films) was a non-profit Christian organization and the founder and parent organization of several Christian websites based in Muskegon, Michigan.

Gospel Communications Network was founded in 1995 in partnership with nine other ministries (Keys for Kids Ministries, International Bible Society, InterVarsity Christian Fellowship, InterVarsity Press, Ligonier Ministries, The Navigators, RBC Ministries, Youth for Christ, Youth Specialties).

The most notable ministry is the Bible Gateway, an online Bible in several translations and languages, which was acquired by Zondervan in 2007.

In September 2008, Gospel Communications announced it would cease operations on December 15, 2008.

title: Gospel Communications International


text:
Talk:Kart dynasty

This article is a VERY rough mix of sources, which contradicted each other many times. Since none of my sources went in depth on the Karts, this article is doubtless missing a bunch of information, such as how the Karts went from masters of a significant part of Central Asia in the 13th century to the masters of only the area of eastern Khurasan in the 14th. Even the way names are spelled is contradictory at some points. If you see any way in which you can expand or fix this article, please don't hesitate to do so.

--Ro4444 7/11/05, 7:57 PM EST

The only reference that I found was a single line short reference in the article's reference #2, which states "The indigenous Kert(Kurt) dynasty, a Tajik line related to the Ghurids, ruled at Herat as Mongol vassals during most of the 14th century"

The dynasty the article references, is not the Kurt, but in fact a dynasty established by the Kurds of Kurdistan, the Malik Kurd Ghor dynasty was established by Shamsuddin Kurd, governor of Khorasan, for Sultan Ghiasuddin Ghori, around 1245 A.D. He was confirmed in his authority by Mughal Emperor Hulagu, of whom he was a vassal, and greatly increased his power and authority in the reign of his succesor, Abaka Khan.(1)

Shamsuddin was succeeded by his son Ruknuddin, at his capital, Herat, Afghanistan. Ruknuddin took Kandahar, Afghanistan, and died in the reign of Sultan Arghun Khan, around 1280 A.D. His brother, Ghiasuddin Malik Kurd, then succeeded, and was confirmed by the Mughal Emperor Aljaitu Khan in his command of Ghor to the confines of the provinces on the Indus river in Pakistan.(1)

The Malik Kurd dynasty was extinguished around 1380 A.D., when Amir Timur (Tamerlane) took Herat, and slew its last prince and his son.

==[Reference]==

An inquiry into the ethnography of Afghanistan, H.W. Bellew, The Oriental University Institute, London, 1891, pg 173-174

title: Talk:Kart dynasty


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Melissa Hayden (actress)

Melissa Hayden (born November 13, 1967) is an American actress. She is best known for playing the role of Bridget Reardon on Guiding Light from 1991 to 1997, returning for the final episodes in 2009. She won a 1994 Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Younger Actress for her work on Guiding Light.

Early life
Hayden was born in Santa Monica, California. Her father was a car salesman and her mother worked part time in a pharmacy. She was enrolled in dance classes at the age of three. Hayden was ill from the ages of twelve to sixteen with an undetected ovarian cyst that left her paraplegic for a month. The cyst was finally detected when her appendix was removed. Hayden's mother also suffered from chronic illness.

Career
Hayden was thirteen when she landed an uncredited role as a tap dancer in Pennies From Heaven. This was followed by another uncredited role as an orphan in Annie. Hayden appeared in the TV Movies Silence of the Heart and Not My Kid. In 1988, she had an uncredited role in the film Punchline. She guest-starred on TV 101 and had a recurring role on Almost Grown. In addition to film and TV work, she was a member of the California-based song and dance troupe The Young Americans.

Hayden had a recurring role as Mouse on General Hospital in 1989. She guest starred on a 1991 episode of Hunter.

Hayden joined the cast of the CBS soap opera Guiding Light as troubled teen Bridget Reardon. She received critical acclaim and appeared in memorable storylines from May 21, 1991, until her departure on June 18, 1997. She was nominated for a Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Younger Actress in 1993 and won in the same category in 1994. She also won a Soap Opera Digest Award in 1994. In 2009, she reprised the role of Bridget for the show's final episodes.

She appeared in the 2001 film Venomous. Since 2003, she has occasionally appeared as Agnes on The Young and the Restless. She has had roles in the films American Sniper and Silver Skies.

title: Melissa Hayden (actress)


text:
Lucius Postumius Albinus (consul 173 BC)

Lucius Postumius Albinus was a statesman of the Roman Republic.

Family
He is not to be confused with his relative (father or uncle?), Lucius Postumius Albinus, who was killed in 216 BC.

He was probably a brother of Spurius Postumius Albinus Paullulus and Aulus Postumius Albinus Luscus.

Career
Albinus was praetor in 180 BC, and obtained the province of Hispania Ulterior. His command was prorogued in the following year. After conquering the Vaccaei and Lusitani, he returned to Rome in 178 BC, and was awarded a triumph on account of his victories.

He was consul in 173 BC, with Marcus Popillius Laenas. The war in Liguria was assigned to both consuls. Albinus, however, was first sent into Campania to separate the land of the state from that of private persons, because private land owners had slowly expanded their boundaries into public land. This business occupied him all the summer, so that he was unable to go into his province. He was the first Roman magistrate who put the Latin allies to any expense when a magistrate travelled through their territories. The festival of the Floralia, which had been discontinued, was restored in his consulship.

In 171 BC, he was one of the ambassadors sent to Masinissa and the Carthaginians in order to raise troops for the war against Perseus of Macedon. In 169 BC, he was an unsuccessful candidate for the censorship. He served under Lucius Aemilius Paullus in Macedonia in 168 BC, and commanded the second legion in the battle with Perseus. During the war, he was sent to plunder the town of Aeniae.


text:
Luis Beza

Luis Beza (born January 2, 1985, in Santa Ana, California) was the trumpet player for third-wave ska band Suburban Legends. He joined the band in Summer 2005 after the departure of Aaron Bertram, replacing him on trumpet. In July 2005 Luis started a hip-hop side-project called Lyricle Miracle with fellow Suburban Legends band member Derek Lee Rock and Jack Bartlett. He is American born and is of both Salvadoran and Guatemalan ancestry.

As of April 2009 Luis had quit Suburban Legends, saying "...it was just time to move on." He's now doing studio work, on tracks with such acts as MC Lars, Patent Pending, and Dusty Rhodes and The River Band.

title: Luis Beza


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Antievolutionist

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete. Sjakkalle (Check!)  09:51, 19 July 2005 (UTC)

Antievolutionist
Neologism, POV. --Tothebarricades 23:58, July 11, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, or redirect to Creation science. --Blu Aardvark | (talk) 00:23, 12 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Keep Provides information on a term covering many groups --206.45.181.141
 * Delete. Neologism.  Article claims "Supporters of Evolutionary Theory use this term in the same way antievolutionists use Evolutionist", but I don't believe this is true.  Quale 01:52, 12 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete neologism. JamesBurns 07:45, 12 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete NN neologism. --Scimitar 14:45, 12 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, neologism. Dcarrano 01:14, July 13, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, considering the topic, this page is weirdly NPOV (or close), but still neologism. Xoloz 03:24, 13 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete neologism. Rintrah 15:28, 15 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Joke137 23:33, 16 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, neologism. Dragonfiend 03:50, 19 July 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
File:The brick testament - the last supper.png

"The Last Supper" from thebricktestament.com. Image copyright ©2005 Brendan Powell Smith.

Fair use for this image on The Brick Testament

 * 1) It is a low resolution version of the original.
 * 2) It is being used for informational purposes.
 * 3) Such use is sanctioned on the FAQ for thebricktestament.com.


text:
Melissa Hayden

Melissa Hayden may refer to:
 * Melissa Hayden (dancer) (1923–2006), Canadian dancer
 * Melissa Hayden (actress) (born 1967), American actress
 * Melissa Hayden (poker player), American poker player

title: Melissa Hayden


text:
Key Tronic

Key Tronic Corporation (branded Keytronic) is a technology company founded in 1969 by Lewis G. Zirkle. Its core products initially included keyboards, mice and other input devices. KeyTronic currently specializes in PCBA and full product assembly. The company is among the ten largest contract manufacturers providing electronic manufacturing services in the US. The company offers full product design or assembly of a wide variety of household goods and electronic products such as keyboards, printed circuit board assembly, plastic molding, thermometers, toilet bowl cleaners, satellite tracking systems, etc.

Keyboards
After the introduction of the IBM PC, Keytronic began manufacturing keyboards compatible with those computer system units.

Most of their keyboards are based on the 8048 microcontroller to communicate to the computer. Their early keyboards used an Intel 8048 MCU. However, as the company evolved, they began to use their own 8048-based and 83C51KB-based MCUs.

In 1978, Keytronic Corporation introduced keyboards with capacitive-based switches, one of the first keyboard technologies to not use self-contained switches. There was simply a sponge pad with a conductive-coated Mylar plastic sheet on the switch plunger, and two half-moon trace patterns on the printed circuit board below. As the key was depressed, the capacitance between the plunger pad and the patterns on the PCB below changed, which was detected by integrated circuits (IC). These keyboards were claimed to have the same reliability as the other "solid-state switch" keyboards such as inductive and Hall-Effect, but competitive with direct-contact keyboards.

ErgoForce
Among modern keyboard enthusiasts, Keytronic is known mostly for its "ErgoForce" technology, where different keys have rubber domes with different stiffness. The alphabetic keys intended to be struck with the little finger need only 35 grams of force to actuate, while other alphabetic keys need 45 grams. Other keys can be as stiff as 80 grams.

Corporate information
The company, which has been described as a contract manufacturer, was founded in 1969, went public in 1983, and has an estimated 5,000 employees.

During 2016-2017, statements and press releases about Cemtrex's proposed acquisition of Keytronic have been released.

title: Key Tronic


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Aquarius (EP)

Aquarius is an EP by Boards of Canada, released on 5 January 1998. It is one of the shortest releases by Boards of Canada, barely breaking the 13-minute mark. The track "Chinook" is a longer version of one that appeared on Boc Maxima, a publicly unreleased predecessor to Music Has the Right to Children. "Aquarius" was the only single produced for the record.

Composition
The track contains a sample of "Aquarius" by Ren Woods as featured in the film version of Hair. The version of "Aquarius" on this EP is a different version than the one featured on Music Has the Right to Children.

In popular culture
"Aquarius" was later covered by La Musique Populaire on their album A Century of Song.

Track listing

 * 1) "Aquarius" – 5:59
 * 2) "Chinook" – 7:13

title: Aquarius (EP)


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Talk:List of the most popular Quran Aloners

This article was recently nominated for deletion. See Votes for deletion/List of the most popular Quran Aloners for the archived discussion. -- Francs2000 | Talk 23:59, 11 July 2005 (UTC)


text:
Talk:Keyword

Untitled
If the accompanying Dab page seems like what that project needs, --Jerzy•t 09:58, 27 November 2008 (UTC)
 * 1) MoSDab and Dab were not consulted, and probably should be.
 * 2) Consideration should be given to accomplishing something similar but not in Dab format. A Set index article?

title: Talk:Keyword


text:
Mark Zbikowski

Mark "Zibo" Joseph Zbikowski (born March 21, 1956) is a former Microsoft Architect and an early computer hacker. He started working at the company only a few years after its inception, leading efforts in MS-DOS, OS/2, Cairo and Windows NT. In 2006, he was honored for 25 years of service with the company, the third employee to reach this milestone, after Bill Gates and Steve Ballmer. He retired the same year from Microsoft.

He was the designer of the MS-DOS executable file format, and the headers of that file format start with his initials: the ASCII characters 'MZ' (0x4D, 0x5A).

Early years
Zbikowski was born in Detroit, Michigan, in 1956. While attending The Roeper School (then known as Roeper City And Country School) from 1961 to 1974, he developed an interest in mathematics and computers. His 8th-grade performance in the Michigan Mathematics Prize Competition led to an invitation in an NSF-funded summer program at Oakland University where he became friends with Microsoft's Steve Ballmer and Jeff Sachs. He later finished second in the MMPC twice in 1972-73 and 1973-74.

Zbikowski pursued computer science at Harvard (A.B. 1978) and at Yale (S.M. 1979). He was active in both universities' Gilbert and Sullivan performing groups.

Microsoft
Ballmer recruited Zbikowski, who joined Microsoft in 1981. In March 1982, he replaced Tim Paterson as development lead and manager for Microsoft's MS-DOS 2.0, a position he held through DOS 4.0. His first major contributions were the addition of hierarchical directory structure to DOS 2.0 and installable device drivers which later led to Plug and Play in Windows. From March 1985 until 1991, he was on the architecture team for OS/2, development manager for file systems and device drivers, and technical advisor to Paul Maritz. The breakthrough concept of Installable File System in OS/2 is attributed to him.

Microsoft and IBM
Following the demise of the Microsoft/IBM joint development agreement, he was an architect, development manager and key contributor to Cairo, working for Jim Allchin and, later, Anthony Short. This led to Cairo's Object File System and content index efforts. In 1996, as Cairo migrated from being a standalone product to a technology source, Zbikowski worked under Lou Perazzoli on the Windows NT kernel, focusing on performance and size, before becoming architect and development manager for NT file systems in 1998.

Others
In 2001, Zbikowski was a candidate for director of the Harvard Alumni Association.

Zbikowski retired from Microsoft in June 2006.

Due to his interest in education, he became affiliated, in 2007, with the University of Washington as a lecturer in the Computer Science and Engineering department in the College of Engineering.

Zbikowski returned to work at Ivy Softworks and Atlas Informatics (2014-2017) as CTO and then at Valve Corporation (2017-2019), retiring again in December 2019. He presently is Technology Advisor to Polyverse.

Mark Zbikowski is or has been affiliated with the following companies:
 * (June 2013) Jelastic as Senior Technical Advisor.
 * (August 2010) SimulConsult as CTO.
 * (January 2008) Parallels, Inc. as Senior Technical Advisor.
 * (December 2007) Skytap as Technical Advisor.
 * (2007) InstallFree as Technical Advisor.
 * (October 2006) BlueDot / Faves as Technical Advisor and Investor.

title: Mark Zbikowski


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The Dead Has Arisen

The Dead Has Arisen is the debut studio album by American rapper Lil 1/2 Dead from Long Beach, California. It was released on October 25, 1994, through Priority Records. Recording sessions took place at Westlake Audio in Los Angeles and at Total Trak Sound, with producers Courtney Branch and Tracy Kendrick. It features guest appearances from Chaos and Quicc 2 Mac of Hostyle, Tha Chill of Compton's Most Wanted, AMG and X-Con. The album peaked at number 39 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart and number 17 on the Top Heatseekers chart in the United States.

The album has been both praised and criticized for its likeness to Lil 1/2 Dead's Long Beach friend Warren G's debut album Regulate...G Funk Era. Whilst it failed to achieve similar success to its predecessors Dr. Dre's The Chronic and Snoop Dogg's Doggystyle, it did achieve nationwide and international fans, and Lil 1/2 Dead has been recognized as responsible for introducing and popularizing the smooth, laid-back rapping style along with Snoop Dogg and Warren G.

title: The Dead Has Arisen


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IEEE 1675-2008

IEEE 1675-2008 was a standard for broadband over power lines developed by the IEEE Standards Association. It provided electric utility companies with a comprehensive standard for safely installing hardware required for Internet access capabilities over their power lines.

The standard was published 7 January 2008. The IEEE 1901 standard was another related attempt published in 2011.

title: IEEE 1675-2008


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Talk:Phil Ivey

Specific Hands
The hand in the heads up tourney where he kept rebluffing his opponent in HU play with Q-high has become a youtube sensation with nearly 500,000 views and has been immortalized. It should definetley be included —Preceding unsigned comment added by 99.55.166.244 (talk) 09:19, 25 July 2009 (UTC)

Better pic?
Do you think we could get a better picture of Ivey? The one now doesn't look so good. Just saying. --Code1390 05:41, 9 July 2006 (UTC)

Can anyone tell me what video games specifically Phil Ivey played during his stint as a professional player? I've looked all over, but have only managed to find that he was a "phenom" who later moved on to poker. --SonicDeathMonk3y 00:02, 12 July 2005 (UTC)

Looking around, I can find it reported that Ivey was born in both New Jersey and California, and that he currently resides in Las Vegas and Atlantic City. As for the latter, both could be true, I suppose, but this site suggests that he lived in AC until a few years ago. . anthony 14:32, 17 July 2005 (UTC)

Ah, according to about.com, he grew up in New Jersey, but it doesn't say he was born there. He probably was born in CA but grew up in New Jersey. anthony 14:44, 17 July 2005 (UTC)

Yeah really, which videogames did he play?
SonicDeathMonk3y, if you do find out, please post the info here.

Ivey mentioned in this interview that video games were never really a major part of his life, he just happened to respond to a question that he likes to play. It was done by All In Magazine so its credible.

http://www.allinmag.com/article.php?article=79

Removed line about being renowned in video game circles
In the interview with All-in Magazine, Ivey denies the stories that he was some video game star before he became a poker player. Excerpt:

'''There are a few articles out there that said before your focus shifted completely toward poker, you were known for your phenomenal video game skills. How good were you?'''

They’re making that up. I played video games, but it was nothing serious. I was above average. Interviewers ask me questions like “Do you like to play video games?” I say, “Yeah, I like video games,” and then they just make up stuff. You say something and they write a phantom story. That’s why I don’t really read about myself too much. People always are going to have something to say, so I don’t put too much into it. If you start worrying about every little thing people say about you, you won’t be able to sleep.

Daleliop1 12:44, 14 February 2006 (UTC)

Actually, Barry Greenstein's website noted Ivey's Pac-Man prowess in Greenstein's bio for Ivey

Blongitron 14:06, 11 August 2006 (UTC)

Recent blogish additions
Especially crabby is not needed for this article, I saw the pad episode, screenshots are not needed, see WP:POINT ▪◦▪ ≡ЅiREX≡Talk 03:18, 3 March 2007 (UTC)

Earphones Please
Thanks for the input regarding my "earphones please" submission. I took your commnets to heart, carefully matching the "fair use" lanuage you used in the photo you submitted to the "Poker After Dark" wikipedia article. In addition, I converted the image to low-res, as you used in the PAD article and dropped it down to the bottom of the page. I am also happy to address the first issue that someone raised in this forum, which is that the other photo is quite poor and looks very little like Ivey, although it is admittedly him. I hope this fun-loving photo I submitted, which is one of the most memorable screencaps available from PAD, will be appreciated by all who read this article and also satisfies your (the person who deleted my previous submission) tastes. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by ToothlessGranny (talk • contribs) 19:31, 3 March 2007 (UTC).

BTW
I also refrained from adding "crabby", which I can neither confirm, nor deny, was a little over the top ;)
 * very well ▪◦▪ ≡ЅiREX≡Talk 01:26, 4 March 2007 (UTC)

WPT Final Tables
He has been on more than 1 wpt final table. He has never won the a wpt event but I think he has been on 6 final tables. Someone please check and confirm.

blondepedia
Hi, I run a site called blondepedia which includes player bios and databases for players like Phil Ivey.

To see it, please use the link below...

http://www.blondepoker.com/blondepedia/blondepedia_view_player.php?player_id=709

I was just wondering if I could be granted permission to link these kind of pages to the pages of various poker players on wikipedia. I feel it adds a lot to the page, especially in terms of photography which is lacking here.

Please let me know, thx.

 * You can do what you did here and suggest the link be added, but you shouldn't go to a series of articles and spam the link. In this case, the Ivey page has almost no information, except photos which are readily available everywhere including his official site so there is no need to add any photo-only type links. 2005 02:21, 15 June 2007 (UTC)

blondepedia2
Hi, I tried your suggestion on this page... http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Mads_Andersen

However, I don't seem to be eliciting a response. Am I doing something wrong, perhaps in my formatting of the message, or is it simply a case of waiting longer for a member of your team to respond? Thank you for your assistance and apologies for being a pain. snoops

 * It not being added is a response. In general your pages don't merit a link. they have almost no text and just some photos which add nothing to what can be fouind on official sites. 2005 20:57, 18 June 2007 (UTC)

other Philip Ivey
Hi, there's another Philip Ivey who was an anti-apartheid activist; and is famed for climbing an armoured vehicle and turning a police cannon which had purple dye in it on the apartheid police on 2 September 1989 (there's a memorial in Cape Town about it called the Purple Rain Memorial). The following day Cape Town was covered in graffiti saying "The purple shall rule".

http://www.southafrica.to/history/Apartheid/apartheid.htm

Phil Ivey from Edison, NJ?
I reverted these edits made by IP address 67.85.246.10 which claims Phil Ivey went to Edison High School and played Varsity Basketball and graduated in 1995. The only thing I found for "edison high school" "phil ivey" was a classmates.com site but anyone could have technically signed up as Phil Ivey on that site. Is there a source for this?

Also Hendon Mob lists him as being from Absecon, NJ which seems to go against this. (Maybe from Absecon, went to Edison High School?) Strongsauce 23:58, 18 October 2007 (UTC)

dice
Hey Phil. I dealt to you on numerous occasions on a crap table-my name is Sven-and I only wanted to tell you the respect I have for you not only as a poker player but as a human being. I think you carry yourself in an extrodiany manner and I like to think I would only replicate your behavior if I was in the same position. I never felt it was appropiate to tell you this across the table so I present myself now. Dont ever change. I wish you continued good fortune and I hope we cross paths again. god speed. Sven-svenout777@yahoo.com —Preceding unsigned comment added by 65.33.74.5 (talk) 06:36, 9 July 2008 (UTC)

Please discuss before changing the format of the article
An IP editor recently came on and edited the article by creating massive subsections. He or she created a section Poker followed by Live poker followed by massive subsection that only makes the article more jumbled and confusing. All these sections are redundant and the current version is cleariest. Please discuss before reverting. Valoem  talk  14:00, 19 August 2010 (UTC)
 * Agreed, there is no need for further subsections; it muddles things up further. JaeDyWolf ~ Baka-San (talk) 21:28, 31 August 2010 (UTC)
 * Looks like the format war is back on. I've seen this format on a few other poker pages and in general I like it better than some of the more muddled poker pages. Looks to me like the original IP editor was trying to standardize the poker page format.  Maybe that works, maybe not.  Either way, after reviewing the history of these changes I don't really think that Valoem's changes were or are far superior to the IP editor's format. I don't feel strongly enough about it to revert any of the format edits on this page but I wonder if the issue of a more standard format deserves some discussion on the general poker discussion page.Kanapapiki (talk) 22:12, 31 August 2010 (UTC)

Philanthropy
Why is there a section entitled "Philanthropy" that comes before the information about his career? Is it more important to learn how Ivey has given away his money, or how he has earned it? Jrule (talk) 02:20, 21 November 2010 (UTC)

Cheating against Andy Beal
Some portals in internet had accusions that PI and "corporation" used videocamera at dealer when play $50k/$100k game vs Andy Beal. It is true? PI is cheater? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 217.118.64.45 (talk) 23:27, 3 May 2011 (UTC)

 * I doubt there is any evidence of this having happened. There are many things said in many portals of the Internet; it doesn't make them true! JaeDyWolf ~ Baka-San (talk) 18:20, 4 May 2011 (UTC)

Cheating in the lead
Given that the lead is supposed to summarise the article, I am somewhat surprised that it contains no mention of cheating. In today's unanimous judgement, the UK Supreme Court ruled that Ivey had cheated at Crockford's in 2012 and that "his conduct was dishonest". I appreciate that great care must be taken as this is a BLP, but the Supreme Court's opinion is very clear and the source for it is about as reliable as you can get. I propose to include mention of the ruling in the lead but thought I would seek other views before doing so. KJP1 (talk) 13:11, 25 October 2017 (UTC)

Perhaps the court is splitting hairs but, also perhaps in typically English fashion, it said that while Ivey "cheated," his conduct was not "dishonest." What it said, in its penultimate paragraph, was (emphasis added):

``For the same reasons which show that Mr Ivey’s conduct was, contrary to his own opinion, cheating, the better view would be, if the question arose, that his conduct was, contrary to his own opinion, also dishonest.''

Ivey's advocates specifically mentioned this in their reaction to the ruling. I'd guess it's important to him and probably should be important to the article about him. I was about to make, or at least suggest, an edit to the current text to make it clear that the UK court did not call Ivey "dishonest." 156.98.118.115 (talk) 20:41, 25 October 2017 (UTC)

 * It is complex, as one would expect - indeed I still can't fully understand what Ivey did - but I actually think the Supreme Court did call his conduct "dishonest", as per the quote. KJP1 (talk) 21:48, 25 October 2017 (UTC)
 * To be super-accurate, as we should be, I think the SC said that, had the question of honesty arisen, then Ivey's conduct would have been dishonest. The full quote is below:
 * "Therefore in the present case, if, contrary to the conclusions arrived at above, there were in cheating at gambling an additional legal element of dishonesty, it would be satisfied by the application of the test as set out above. The judge did not get to the question of dishonesty and did not need to do so. But it is a fallacy to suggest that his finding that Mr Ivey was truthful when he said that he did not regard what he did as cheating amounted to a finding that his behaviour was honest. It was not. It was a finding that he was, in that respect, truthful. Truthfulness is indeed one characteristic of honesty, and untruthfulness is often a powerful indicator of dishonesty, but a dishonest person may sometimes be truthful about his dishonest opinions, as indeed was the defendant in Gilks. For the same reasons which show that Mr Ivey’s conduct was, contrary to his own opinion, cheating, the better view would be, if the question arose, that his conduct was, contrary to his own opinion, also dishonest."
 * That said, by all means suggest an alternative wording if you think the current can be improved upon - which it probably can! KJP1 (talk) 21:58, 25 October 2017 (UTC)

 * The Supreme Court decision can be quoted, but regardless of the ruling, that doesn't mean he cheated or was dishonest. All that can said is what their opinion/decision was.  However, this is a relatively minor aspect of Ivey's notoriety, and should be treated as such.  It's likely that a year from now having this in the lead will seem oddly WP:UNDUE. 2005 (talk) 00:59, 26 October 2017 (UTC)
 * On your first point, I'm afraid I disagree. Ivey brought the case seeking a verdict that he hadn't cheated, the SC decided that he had. There are many instances of individuals maintaining their innocence in the face of a court decision as to their guilt, but that doesn't make them innocent. An individual's view of their own actions and a court's view don't carry equal weight. As to your second point, we shall have to wait and see. But I personally doubt that a Supreme Court ruling on the actions of a professional gambler in a £7m cheating case will come to be seen as "minor" anytime soon. Even if you're right, however, the lead should contain some mention of the controversy surrounding Mr Ivey which, as of the day before yesterday, it didn't. KJP1 (talk) 06:09, 26 October 2017 (UTC)
 * You are confusing several issues. Ivey brought the case wanting to be paid the money he won, not to adjudicate the rules of a card game.  It's not up to the courts to decide the rules of card games.  The court's finding is the casino doesn't have to pay him for the same reason they don't have to pay when a slot machine is broken.  The court viewed his action as cheating, but it would be both obtuse and a violation of the WP:BLP policy for the Wikipedia to say he was cheating.  Instead, the article should say the court called his actions cheating.  He was not found guilty of anything; he wasn't convicted of violating any laws.  He failed to prevail in a lawsuit in the opinion of a court. 2005 (talk) 07:46, 26 October 2017 (UTC)
 * A few points. You say I am confusing several issues. But you don't at all specify what they are. Please do so, as I don't actually think I am. On the court's jurisdiction as to the rules of card games, they certainly can, and do, determine whether the rules have been followed. In this case, Ivey's actions turned what is a game of chance into a game that was not one of chance. The courts can, and did, make a determination on this point. Your analogy of the broken slot machine is just wrong - in such a case the player would have had no impact on the machine's failure. In this case, Ivey's actions, and those of his colleague, deliberately skewed the odds. On the substantive point, as to whether or not Ivey cheated, you seem to be saying that his assertion that he did not weighs equally with the determination of three courts, the High Court, the Court of Appeal, and the Supreme Court, that he did. While you are, of course, entitled to your view, that is not actually how the legal systems of, amongst others, those of the UK and the USA, work. KJP1 (talk) 01:11, 27 October 2017 (UTC)
 * You confusing issues yet again. I said a court doesn't make card game rules; you then said they can judge whether rules were followed.  That is a completely different thing. "In this case, Ivey's actions turned what is a game of chance into a game that was not one of chance." No they didn't!  That's a wild assertion, and completely false.  The broken slot machine argument is exactly on point.  In fact, it is the entire point.  Ivey took advantage of defective gaming equipment.  He did not break the gaming equipment himself, but he was aware of the broken equipment, and the court viewed that as cheating and dishonest. "While you are, of course, entitled to your view, that is not actually how the legal systems of, amongst others, those of the UK and the USA, work."  Your argument gets even more confusing since you on the one hand agree with me, but then ... I can't even tell what your eventual point is.  To make the point again: this is a ruling of a UK court.  That doesn't mean what he did would be cheating in Monte Carlo or Macau or Mississippi.  Their opinion carries no weight or truth for any other jurisdiction.  Additionally, the court was ruling on whether Ivey should be paid.  They ruled he should not be, for the reasons they stated.  They could have ruled against him for other reasons. Finally, the wording of the article is fine, because it states the courts opinion and ruling, which you added.  If that is what you intend to add to the article, fine, there is no issue. 2005 (talk) 03:16, 27 October 2017 (UTC)

As I suspected, you clearly haven't read the judgement. Paragraph 50 states:

 * "The judge’s conclusion, that Mr Ivey’s actions amounted to cheating, is unassailable. It is an essential element of Punto Banco that the game is one of pure chance, with cards delivered entirely at random and unknowable by the punters or the house. What Mr Ivey did was to stage a carefully planned and executed sting. The key factor was the arranging of the several packs of cards in the shoe, differentially sorted so that this particular punter did know whether the next card was a high value or low value one. If he had surreptitiously gained access to the shoe and re-arranged the cards physically himself, no one would begin to doubt that he was cheating. He accomplished exactly the same result through the unwitting but directed actions of the croupier, tricking her into thinking that what she did was irrelevant. As soon as the decision to change the cards was announced, thus restoring the game to the matter of chance which it is supposed to be, he first covered his tracks by asking for cards to be rotated at random, and then abandoned play. It may be that it would not be cheating if a player spotted that some cards had a detectably different back from others, and took advantage of that observation, but Mr Ivey did much more than observe; he took positive steps to fix the deck. That, in a game which depends on random delivery of unknown cards, is inevitably cheating. That it was clever and skilful, and must have involved remarkably sharp eyes, cannot alter that truth."

That is, Ivey's actions improperly influenced the game, which constitutes cheating. Anyway, as you say, we're in agreement on the article's wording. That we completely disagree on everything else about the case doesn't actually matter. KJP1 (talk) 08:02, 27 October 2017 (UTC)

 * I read the above but you are not understanding it, which is the point of only stating the facts not your opinion of them. 1) Punto Banco normally is a game of chance in the house's favor.  2) By reading the back of the flawed cards, Ivey turned it into a game of chance in the player's favor. (Think of it like a game going from a 55h-45p edge to a 40h-60p edge.) 3) The court determined, as the passage you quote says, that while Ivey didn't mark the cards himself, he knew the cards were marked and took advantage of the defect. 4) It is common, though not always 100% the case, that when an equipment flaw alters the intended nature of a game, the results of the game are void.///  The bottom line, it still was a game of chance, but the odds were altered by flawed equipment that the player was aware of.  A player could win in a normal game via luck, but the odds are against him.  In this case, the casino could have won via luck, but the odds were against them. 2005 (talk) 19:29, 27 October 2017 (UTC)
 * Actually, it's you that doesn't understand, just as it was you who hadn't read the judgement when you decided to offer your opinion on it. I won't continue this discussion, as we're not disagreeing on the article content. One suggestion - you might find your Wikipedia experience to be less stressful if you assumed good faith on the part of other editors. That someone disagrees with you, doesn't necessarily mean they don't understand the issue. KJP1 (talk) 06:17, 28 October 2017 (UTC)
 * Interesting opposite man argument. Next time, remember that you have to assume good faith, that when other people disagree with you and explain their position in detail that the burden is on you respond to disagreements with something other than arm-waving.  The above clearly shows you did not fully understand the issue, nor the nature of the game involved, nor how actions impacted the game.  That's fine, but when things are explained to you, a simple "thanks for explaining" really all that is called for. 2005 (talk) 20:12, 28 October 2017 (UTC)
 * However hard you try, you can't get round what is perfectly clear, to you, me and any reader of this exchange. You misunderstood this case, Ivey's actions, how those actions improperly influenced the game, and the Supreme Court's ruling. Now I'll let you have the last word, but it won't change a thing. KJP1 (talk) 21:35, 28 October 2017 (UTC)

fwiw the ruling of the New Jersey Supreme Court in regards to the similar Borgata case, recently settled out of court, may be illuminating. That court did not rule whether Ivey's edge sorting was cheating or not; it ruled that, by changing the game to one that favored the player over the house, Ivey was no longer playing a casino game allowed by New Jersey law. Under that law, all casino games must favor the house, since the state collects taxes on all casino gaming profits and no profits mean no cut for the state. (Many "advantage players" might argue that, if Borgata, and by extension Crockford's, were "cheated," then they were "cheated" with what should have been their entire knowledge.) — Preceding unsigned comment added by 156.98.118.115 (talk) 21:28, 14 July 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Phil Ivey