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Good News (musical)

Good News is a musical with a book by Laurence Schwab and B.G. DeSylva, lyrics by DeSylva and Lew Brown, and music by Ray Henderson. The story is set in the Roaring Twenties at Tait College, where football star Tom Marlowe falls in love with studious Connie Lane, who is tutoring him so he can pass astronomy and be eligible to play in the big game.

The show opened on Broadway in 1927, the same year as Show Boat, but though its plot was decidedly old-fashioned in comparison to Show Boat and its daring storyline, it was also a hit. Good News spawned two films, one in 1930, starring Bessie Love and one in 1947 starring June Allyson; an unsuccessful 1974 Broadway revival, and a 1993 updated production by Music Theatre of Wichita, which created a largely new libretto and made changes to the score. It proved to be DeSylva, Brown, and Henderson's biggest hit out of a string of topical musicals.

Original 1927 version

 * Act I

World War I is over, the Roaring Twenties have arrived, and college campuses, such as fictional Tait College, are as much a social scene as an academic one ("Opening Chorus"). Football star Tom Marlowe neglects his studies and fails his astronomy class, which he had to pass to play in the big game. Charles Kenyon, his astronomy professor, gives Tom one more chance to pass the exam.

Babe O'Day, a vivacious flapper, announces that she has broken up with Beef Saunders, a brawny and possessive football player. Babe wants a new boyfriend who does not care about old-fashioned rules of propriety ("Flaming Youth"). Tom asks his girlfriend Patricia to help him study for the test, but she is busy with sorority plans, so she recommends that he work with her studious cousin, Connie Lane. The boys marvel that Tom is remaining cheerful despite his circumstances, and Tom explains that college is the time for "Happy Days". Connie has a crush on Tom, but she says that she will "Just Imagine" that he is in love with her. Babe informs Bobby Randall, substitute player on the football team and Tom's roommate, that he is now her boyfriend. Connie and Tom meet to study and are initially uncomfortable working together, but soon they find they have a lot in common and similar philosophies of life ("The Best Things In Life Are Free").

Friday morning, Tom and Bobby wake up in their dormitory, and Tom leaves to meet Connie to study. A door-slamming farce follows during which Babe, Beef, Kearney (the football team's trainer), and Sylvester, a freshman who idolizes Tom, all end up in Tom and Bobby's dorm room, and Bobby must keep the men from finding out that Babe is there.

Couples walk together "On the Campus". Flo, an outspoken, energetic girl, leads the students in dancing the "Varsity Drag". Bobby tries to tell Babe he loves her but says he is too nervous to say it ("Baby! What?").

Tom takes his exam, but he later admits to Connie that during the test, he could not focus on astronomy; he was thinking about her. Tom declares that with Connie, he is "Lucky in Love". Professor Kenyon grades Tom's test and knows that Tom deserves a failing grade, but because Kenyon is an alumnus of Tait and a loyal football fan, he keeps that secret and instead gives Tom the lowest passing grade so he can play in the big game. At the pep rally that evening, the students sing the "Tait Song" as the school band plays. Bobby announces that if Tom wins the game tomorrow, Patricia has promised to marry him. During a chorus of "Lucky in Love", Connie faints and falls into Tom's arms ("Finaletto").

 * Act II

On Saturday, Patricia's sorority, Pi Beta Phi, is hosting a luncheon ("The Girl of the Pi Beta Phi"). The girls are excited about the football game ("Today's the Day"). Babe asks Bobby, who has been flirting with other girls, why he will not commit to her, and Bobby, who has sat on the bench all season and does not expect to play in the big game at all, tells her if he wins the game, he will marry her ("In the Meantime"). Connie confronts Tom and tears up her ticket to the game because she does not want to watch him win for Patricia, and Tom tells her he would rather lose the game. Flo says that she knows Tait is going to win and "Good News" must be on its way.

Outside the entrance to the football field, Connie meets Professor Kenyon, who is on his way to the game. Professor Kenyon tells her the truth: Tom did not deserve to pass the test, but to help the football team, he gave Tom the passing grade. Babe explains to Connie that Tom did not betray her—a long time ago, after a wild party involving homemade gin, Tom wrote a letter proposing to Patricia, and Patricia has kept the letter and is holding him to it.

At the end of the first half of the game, the score is 3–0 against Tait. Coach Johnson decides to let Bobby play in the second half. When the second half is almost over, Tom gets the ball and runs for a touchdown, but he is tackled by the opposing team. He fumbles the ball, and it flies in the air and improbably lands in Bobby's arms, and Bobby scores the winning touchdown. The students leave the game celebrating the victory ("Good News" (reprise)). Tom tells Connie, who watched the game through a knothole in the fence surrounding the stadium, that he fumbled because he knew he could not win the game for Patricia. He worries that his chances of being named for the All-American team are gone, but Connie helps him remember that "The Best Things in Life Are Free" (reprise). He asks Connie if she would marry him if he did not have to marry Patricia, and she says she would. That evening, a dance is held at the boathouse ("Varsity Drag" (reprise)). Babe tells Bobby that since neither of them expected for him to win the game, he does not have to marry her. Bobby says he wants to marry Babe; everyone else thinks he is a football hero, but she knows who he really is. Patricia, not wanting to marry a man who is not really in love with her, tells Tom that he can marry Connie instead. The news spreads that Tom has been named to the All-American team. Tom and Connie meet Professor Kenyon, whom Tom resents for failing him the first time. Connie explains to Tom that Professor Kenyon passed him even though he did not deserve it. Tom realizes he has misjudged Kenyon and shakes his hand. After a final chorus of "Good News", Tom and Connie embrace.

Revised 1993 version
Tait College is still caught up in the social scene of the Roaring Twenties, and star football player Tom Marlowe is expected to lead the football team to victory ("Good News"). All the sorority girls are crazy about Tom ("He's a Ladies' Man"), but he is off limits since he is currently romancing Patricia Bingham, whose father is of one of the college's wealthiest benefactors. The football team, under the guidance of superstitious team trainer Pooch Kearney, is on the practice field getting ready for Saturday's Big Game against archrival Colton College ("The Football Drill"). Meanwhile, Bobby Randall, a substitute on the football team, is pleasantly shocked when Babe O'Day, a stylish flapper, pursues him. Babe has broken up with hulking Beef Saunders, her old boyfriend, and is looking for a new man ("Button Up Your Overcoat").
 * Act I

Sylvester (a college freshman whom no one knows the last name of) found out that Tom has neglected his studies and has failed his astronomy final, which he needed to pass in order to play in the Big Game. Astronomy professor Charlotte Kenyon agrees to give Tom one more chance with a make-up exam. Privately Professor Kenyon tells Connie Lane, a studious coed, about her lost college romance with a football player (who is now the Tait football coach), and Connie wishes she could fall in love ("Together/My Lucky Star"). Football Coach Johnson, meanwhile, tells his confidant Pooch that he and Professor Kenyon dated and broke up in college ("Together"). They ask Patricia if she would tutor Tom for his exam, but she has to choose new drapes for the sorority house that night, and recommends her cousin Connie instead. As couples stroll romantically "On the Campus", Connie and Tom meet at the library to study. After an awkward beginning, Tom and Connie soon realize they have a lot in common and similar philosophies of life ("The Best Things In Life Are Free"). Across campus, Coach Johnson nostalgically serenades Professor Kenyon, hoping she will go easy when Tom retakes his exam. Initially charmed, she responds warmly ("You're The Cream in my Coffee"), but soon realizes he is trying to manipulate her and angrily sends him away.

The next morning, Tom takes his make-up exam as the students nervously await the results in the Malt Shoppe. Babe insists that they can not let school depress them and teaches everyone the latest dance, "The Varsity Drag". Sylvester bursts into the Malt Shoppe shouting that Tom has passed the test, and Tom finds Connie to tell her that he could not have done it without her help, declaring that she has made him "Lucky In Love". Babe tells Bobby she is in love with him, and even though Bobby's scared of Beef (who still considers Babe his girl), he agrees that they might be "Lucky In Love", too. Patricia interrupts everyone to publicly announce that her wealthy father has announced he will double his donation to the athletic department if Tom wins the Big Game for Tait and marries Pat. Connie is shocked, and Tom is dumbstruck as the students joyously sing another chorus of "Lucky in Love".

It is Saturday, and "Today's the Day" of the big game against Colton. Pat and the sorority girls are terribly excited, but are briefly saddened when they realize this is the last football game they will ever attend as students ("The Girl of the Pi Beta Phi")! Bobby stops by the sorority open house (after all, they might have sandwiches) and commits to Babe ("Never Swat a Fly"), but only if they win the game. The students head to the Big Game singing "The Tait Song" as Pat tries to pressure Tom into marrying her. Tom feels that Tait's whole athletic program is at stake, and reluctantly tells Connie he can not stay with her. Connie resigns herself to "Just Imagine" Tom is still there with her.
 * Act II

The game begins, but Tom is so upset about Connie that by halftime, Tait is far behind Colton. Pooch urges the team to "Keep Your Sunny Side Up", while Professor Kenyon tries to persuade Babe and Connie that the three of them should devise a strategy to pursue their men, and help them win the game. Through their combined efforts, Bobby scores an unexpected touchdown, Tait wins the big game, Sylvester is William Randolph Hearst's nephew who knows Bobby told the paper that Tom planned the game, and the happy couples, Tom and Connie, Bobby and Babe, and Coach Johnson and Professor Kenyon, all end up together ("Finale").

Original 1927 production

 * Act I
 * Opening Chorus (includes Good News and He's a Ladies' Man) - Company
 * Flaming Youth - Babe O'Day, Millie, Flo, Slats, Windy
 * Happy Days - Tom Marlowe, Jim, Ben, Pete
 * Just Imagine - Connie Lane, Patricia Bingham, Millie
 * The Best Things in Life Are Free - Tom and Connie
 * On the Campus - Flo, Millie, Windy, Sylvester
 * The Varsity Drag - Flo, Millie, Windy, Sylvester
 * Baby! What? - Babe, Bobby Randall
 * Lucky in Love - Connie, Tom
 * Tait Song - Kearney, Johnson, George, Company
 * Finaletto - Company

 * Act II
 * Girl of the Pi Beta Phi - Patricia, Girls
 * Today's the Day - Girls
 * In the Meantime - Bobby, Babe
 * Good News - Flo, Boys, Girls
 * Tait Song (reprise) - College Band (instrumental)
 * Good News (reprise) - Girls, Jim, Ben, Pete, Flo
 * The Best Things in Life are Free - Connie, Tom
 * Varsity Drag (reprise) - Company
 * Good News (reprise) - Company

Revised 1993 production

 * Act I
 * Opening Chorus (includes Good News) - Students
 * He's A Ladies' Man - Millie, Flo, Girls
 * The Football Drill - Instrumental
 * Button Up Your Overcoat - Babe O'Day, Bobby Randall
 * Sour Apples - Students
 * Together/My Lucky Star - Professor Kenyon, Connie Lane, Coach Johnson
 * On The Campus - Students
 * The Best Things In Life Are Free - Connie, Tom Marlowe
 * You're the Cream in My Coffee - Coach Johnson, Professor Kenyon
 * The Varsity Drag - Babe, Students
 * Lucky In Love - Tom, Connie, Patricia Bingham, Babe, Bobby, Students

 * Act II
 * Today's The Day - Sorority Girls
 * The Girl Of The Pi Beta Phi - Patricia, Sorority Girls
 * Never Swat a Fly - Bobby, Babe
 * Tait Song - Students
 * Just Imagine - Connie
 * Keep Your Sunny Side Up - Pooch, Football Team
 * Life Is Just a Bowl of Cherries - Professor Kenyon, Babe, Connie
 * The Best Things in Life are Free (reprise) - Connie, Tom
 * The Varsity Drag (reprise) - Company

1927 Broadway
The original Broadway production, directed by Edgar MacGregor and choreographed by Bobby Connolly, opened on September 6, 1927 at The 46th Street Theatre, where it ran for 557 performances, which was a very successful run, as few Broadway shows had reached 500 performances since 1919's Irene. The cast included John Price Jones as Tom Marlowe, Mary Lawlor as Connie Lane, Gus Shy as Bobby Randall, Inez Courtney as Babe O'Day, and Zelma O'Neal as Flo. Donald Oenslager designed the production's sets. To emphasize the collegiate atmosphere, ushers wore jerseys, and George Olsen's band (featured as the "College Band") reached the orchestra pit by running down the aisles as they shouted college cheers. University of Notre Dame football coach Knute Rockne received credit for "Advice in Football Technique". The musical was set in what was then the present day, the Roaring Twenties, and, according to musical theatre historian Gerald Bordman, it was clearly a reflection of that era: "The decade's jazzy sounds, its assertive, explosive beat, its sophomoric high jinks were joyously mirrored..." The plot hinged on a professor's unexpected generosity: Tom fails Professor Charles Kenyon's astronomy class, and, even though Connie tutors him, he still fails his makeup exam. Professor Kenyon gives him a passing grade, though, because he, unbeknownst to the students, is actually a football fan.

1974 Revival
In the 1970s, producer Harry Rigby started the Broadway nostalgia craze with his revivals of No, No, Nanette and Irene. He decided that Good News would be his next project. Rigby planned to feature former movie musical stars in Good News, as he had in No, No, Nanette and Irene. John Payne was cast as the football coach, and Alice Faye was cast as the (now female) astronomy professor, who was renamed Professor Charlotte Kenyon. The book was rewritten to create a romance between their characters, reducing the impact of the college student characters who had made the 1927 version popular. Because Rigby had already produced No, No, Nanette, a revival set in the 1920s, he moved the setting of Good News to the Depression-era Thirties. During the development of the revival, the score was also altered; some songs from the original 1927 production were removed, while six songs from other Ray Henderson scores were interpolated. Abe Burrows was hired as director and adapter, and Donald Saddler was hired as choreographer; however, during the development of the revival, they were replaced by Michael Kidd as director/choreographer and Garry Marshall as adapter. A few weeks before the Broadway opening, John Payne, whose contract had run out, was replaced by Gene Nelson. After a try-out in Boston, a nationwide tour for almost a year, and 51 previews, a lavish production opened on Broadway on December 23, 1974 at the St. James Theatre where, having failed to charm the critics as its predecessor had, it ran for only 16 regular performances. Saddler was nominated for the Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Choreography.

1993 Production
In 1993, Mark Madama and Wayne Bryan (who had played the role of Bobby Randall in the 1974 production) revised the book and score for Music Theatre of Wichita. They retained some of the plot elements and score additions from the 1974 production, including the romance between the (female) astronomy professor and football coach, but they returned the story to the 1920s, added back more of the 1927 score, and recentered the book so its main focus was the college students. They also altered the story so Tom, because of Connie's tutoring, passes the test on his own accord without any undeserved help from Professor Kenyon. The production starred Michael Gruber, Kim Huber, Ann Morrison and Scott Schafer. This version has now been licensed for over 400 professional and amateur productions in the United Stages, Canada, and England. A studio cast recording of this adaptation was released in 1995, performed by many members of the 1993 cast, but with Wayne Bryan returning to the role of Bobby.

Film adaptations
MGM released two film versions, the first in 1930 with Bessie Love and Cliff Edwards and the second in 1947 with June Allyson and Peter Lawford. The Railroad Hour broadcast a 45-minute condensed version as its first episode on October 4, 1948.

Reception
The original 1927 Broadway production met with positive reviews. Brooks Atkinson of The New York Times pronounced it "a ripping good show", with an authentically collegiate atmosphere, stating, "For once a musical play based upon undergraduate life and a football game has some resemblance to the disorderly, rhymeless scheme of things in American institutions of learning". He deemed it "a constantly fast entertainment with furious dancing, catchy tunes...excellent singing, and genuine excitement."

The 1974 production opened to mostly negative reviews. Some critics had begun to consider Rigby's revivals formulaic; Clive Barnes of The New York Times derisively pronounced Good News, and shows like it, "prefabricated...nostalgia", and Martin Gottfried of the New York Post deemed it "a joyless, mechanical reproduction". The book was harshly criticized; Barnes pronounced it "a terrible book" with "jokes obvious enough to give banana skins a bad name", and Time referred to it as an "ancient flapdoodle of a plot". Critics also questioned the practice of interpolating songs from other shows. Walter Kerr opined that preserving the original score was vital to the character of a revival, stating, "the only reason for remounting vehicles that have half-vanished...is to get beyond all that is dated into the specific textures of the scores that haven't...there's no point for enduring banality in a book if all you're going to get in return is a random rummage through an attic that produces a perhaps bountiful but essentially characterless heap".

Critics differed on what they considered the show's good points to be. In the Daily News, Douglas Watt declared, "the dancing is the best part of the show" but deemed the vocal arrangements "too-busy". Gottfried, however, said the show was "stolen by the vocal arranger", whom he credited with "dazzling harmonizations and stylings". He disliked the staging, saying it was suitable "for a concert rather than theater and [allowed] little acting". Barnes, however, pronounced the staging "very good", saying, "It has a sense of style, a sense of period and a few bursts of energy that really work". Barnes praised the sets and costumes, while Watt asserted that the costumes seemed to vacillate between the '20s and '30s and that the sets were "uninteresting and cheap-looking".

Alice Faye and Gene Nelson's performances received mixed reviews. Watt said that Faye "doesn't add much to the show," and Gottfried asserted that "combined,[Faye and Nelson] have the stage presence of a balcony seat". Time said that "[Faye and Nelson] only succeed in underlining the show's decrepitude." Barnes, however, stated that though Faye "is not the most animated leading lady...her light baritone voice is pleasing, and she unquestionably dances with the guts of a Ruby Keeler. Gene Nelson...has enormous personal charm and stage professionalism." Kerr said that Faye "sounds winsome and welcome...she is a composed performer and a willing workhorse". The actors portraying the young college students were generally well received. In his review, Barnes praised Jana Robbins, Barbara Lail, Marti Rolph, Scott Stevenson, and Wayne Bryan for their performances as the principal student characters. In Newsweek, Jack Kroll declared, "One's heart goes out to the young people in a show like this, like Barbara Lail and Marti Rolph, whose drive and energy really must carry [the show]". Marti Rolph, in the role of Connie Lane, received particular praise from critics. Watt declared, "The only really good singing voice among the principals belongs to Marti Rolph". Gottfried wrote, "The only standout, really, is Marti Rolph--the ingenue--who has a gorgeous voice and manages to inject pert spirit into a spiritless show".

The 1993 Musical Theatre of Wichita production was well received by local critics. In The Wichita Eagle, Susan L. Rife wrote that the new production was a "lavish ode to the outright goofiness of the Roaring '20s", praising the actors' exuberance and the choreography. She suggested that the show's three-hour run time was too long, and noted that "its pace swings wildly from high-energy dance numbers to slow-moving chunks of dialogue".

title: Good News (musical)


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Sånger från 63° N

Sånger från 63° N (Songs from 63° N) is the name of the third album by the Swedish folk band Triakel. It was released on 23 June 2004 on Amigo Records. The songs are mostly traditional Swedish folk songs from the province of Jämtland, though some are recent compositions. The text of I Jamtlann (Jämtland) is in a Jämtland dialect. The rest of the songs are in Swedish.

Reception
AllMusic noted the "chemistry between the [band's] members" and wrote that singer Emma Härdelin was best when presenting tragic songs. Also the reviewer for Helsingborgs Dagblad wrote that Triakel benefitted from the cooperation between the instrumental musicians and Härdelin's vocal performance.

Personnel

 * Emma Härdelin - vocals
 * Kjell-Erik Eriksson - fiddle
 * Janne Strömstedt - harmonium
 * Anders Larsson - guest vocals on Min docka
 * Triakel - song arrangements
 * Gustav Hylén - producer
 * Lennart Jonasson - photographer
 * Pelle Rumert - cover design
 * Syre Reklambyrå - cover design

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Sånger från 63° N


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User talk:196.36.80.163

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title: User talk:66.216.68.28


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User talk:Murraywstein

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Mark Knowles

Mark Knowles (born 4 September 1971) is a Bahamian former professional tennis player and coach. He is a former world No. 1 in doubles. He won three of the four Grand Slam tournaments in men's doubles, partnering with Daniel Nestor, as well as Wimbledon in mixed doubles. At various times between 2002 and 2005 he was ranked World No. 1 in doubles. He is a five-time Olympian.

Junior and college career
After being awarded a scholarship to the Nick Bollettieri's famed academy at 10 years old, Knowles played junior tennis in his early years. His best singles performance came at the 1989 Junior US Open with a quarterfinal appearance and his best doubles performance came at the 1989 Junior French Open with a final appearance partnering Luis Herrera. He reached a career-high junior ranking of No. 12. He also played three seasons at UCLA in college tennis, where he earned All-American honours in both singles and doubles before turning pro in 1992.

Professional career
Knowles's highest ATP singles ranking was world No. 96, the highest ever ranked Bahamian in history alongside Roger Smith. He was very successful in doubles, partnering Daniel Nestor, Mahesh Bhupathi. With Nestor, Knowles won the 2002 Australian Open, the 2004 US Open and the 2007 French Open. He also won the 2009 Wimbledon Mixed doubles title with Anna-Lena Grönefeld of Germany.

On 5 July 2006, Knowles and Nestor participated in one of the longest matches in Wimbledon history. Their quarterfinal match against Sweden's Simon Aspelin and Australian Todd Perry lasted 6 hours and 9 minutes, with Knowles and Nestor eventually winning 5–7, 6–3, 6–7(5–7), 6–2, 23–21.

His 13-year partnership with Daniel Nestor ended after the 2007 US Open. After reaching the Basel final with James Blake, Knowles reunited with Nestor once again to win the 2007 Tennis Masters Cup. They defeated Simon Aspelin and Julian Knowle, 6–3, 6–2, to take their first Tennis Masters Cup title.

Knowles then played with fellow Grand Slam doubles champion Mahesh Bhupathi, for two seasons in 2008 and 2009, and the two were one of the most successful teams on tour, qualifying for the season-ending championships in both years. After losing in their season debut in Sydney, Knowles and Bhupathi knocked out defending champions Bob Bryan and Mike Bryan in the quarterfinals of the Australian Open, taking the gripping match in a final set tiebreak. The two lost to eventual champions Jonathan Erlich and Andy Ram. Other season highlights included three titles, at Memphis, Dubai and Basel. The victory in Basel gave Knowles his 50th career title.

At the 2009 Australian Open, Knowles and Bhupathi went one step further than the year before, reaching the final before losing to the Bryans in three sets, after winning the first set 6–2. They went on to reach the US Open final later that year, despite the fact that Knowles was hampered by a hand injury that required eight stitches on his dominant hand (right). They also claimed their first ATP World Tour Masters 1000 crown together, winning the Rogers Cup in Montreal. They closed out their partnership at the Barclays ATP World Tour Finals, winning their round-robin group before going down in the semifinals to the Bryans. Knowles also repeated as champion in Memphis with Mardy Fish.

In 2010, Knowles joined forces with Fish, and after both struggled with injuries the first half of the season, the two captured the Legg Mason Tennis Classic in Washington, defeating Tomáš Berdych and Radek Štěpánek in the final. The two advanced to the quarterfinals of the Western & Southern Open in Cincinnati and the third round of the US Open. Knowles finished the season on a high note with a runner-up finish at the ATP World Tour Masters 1000 event in Paris with Andy Ram. The two upset top-ranked Bob Bryan and Mike Bryan in the quarterfinals.

2011 was a tough year for the Bahamian, as his season partner, Michal Mertiňák, went down with a back injury at the French Open. Prior to that, the two made semifinal appearances in San Jose and Memphis and the quarterfinals of the BNP Paribas Open at Indian Wells. After falling in the first round of Wimbledon with Łukasz Kubot, Knowles played his 10th season of World TeamTennis with the Sacramento Capitals, and then partnered Xavier Malisse to the Farmers Classic title at his former college campus, UCLA. The two edged Somdev Devvarman and Treat Conrad Huey to give the Bahamian his 54th doubles title. Knowles and Malisse also reached the quarterfinals in Washington and the third round at the US Open.

In October, Knowles was invited to participate in the 19th annual World TeamTennis Smash Hits charity event in Cleveland, co-hosted by Sir Elton John and Billie Jean King. Knowles was selected by John as a member of his team, which went on to win the exhibition 19–18. The event raised over $500,000 for various AIDS charities.

At the 2012 SAP Open, Knowles rejoined Malisse to win the ATP World Tour 250 event in San Jose, becoming the first men's player over 40 to win a tour-level doubles title since John McEnroe.

Retirement
Knowles announced his retirement at the 2012 US Open. After his announcement, many famed players such as Jonas Björkman, Mahesh Bhupathi, and longtime partner Daniel Nestor praised him. He once again partnered Malisse but lost in the first round to Pablo Andújar and Guillermo García López in three sets. However, he played one more grand slam tournament at Wimbledon in 2013 partnering Lleyton Hewitt but lost in the first round to Jamie Delgado and Matthew Ebden in straight sets where he and opponent Delgado shared the all-time male record for playing in consecutive Wimbledon tournaments, with 22 appearances in the Open era although Delgado broke the record the next year at 2014 Wimbledon with 23 appearances. After that, he played in only one tournament per year from 2014 to 2016. The first tournament was the RBC Tennis Championships of Dallas which he played in 2014 and 2015. In 2014, he partnered Ryan Harrison and made the finals but lost to top seed Sam Groth and Chris Guccione in straight sets. In 2015, he partnered Mardy Fish and defeated top seed James Cerretani and James Cluskey in the first round but lost in the next round to Hans Hach Verdugo and Luis Patiño in straight sets. The last tournament of his career was the 2016 Irving Tennis Classic where he partnered Benjamin Becker but lost in the first round to Jason Jung and Jakob Sude in straight sets.

Team Competitions
Knowles was a standout at UCLA for three years, earning All-American honors in singles and doubles before turning pro in 1991.

Representing the Bahamas, Knowles competed in five consecutive Olympic Games (1992-2008) and is his country's all-time leader in Davis Cup wins, playing in 29 ties. He received the prestigious Davis Cup Commitment Award from ITF president Francesco Ricci Bitti at the All England Club in 2014.

In World TeamTennis, Knowles was the captain of the Sacramento Capitals for 10 years, picking up three Male MVP Awards. His team won championships in 2002 and 2007.

Post career
After he finished coaching Mardy Fish, Knowles went on to coach several players, including Jack Sock and Milos Raonic. As of 2021, he is not actively coaching and is running a tennis academy in the Bahamas. He also usually plays exhibitions in the Bahamas for fundraising.

Since 2013, Knowles has worked on-air for American TV Tennis Channel, providing in-match commentary, courtside interviews and tournament desk analysis.

He started coaching Jessica Pegula in 2024 together with Mark Merklein. He also previously coached Milos Raonic, Jack Sock and Mardy Fish.

Memberships
Knowles was elected by his peers as vice-president of the ATP and was selected to be on the ATP Drug Force Council.

title: Mark Knowles


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Von Wafer

Vakeaton Quamar "Von" Wafer (born July 21, 1985) is an American former professional basketball player. He played college basketball for the Florida State Seminoles.

Wafer has previously played in the National Basketball Association (NBA) with the Los Angeles Lakers, Los Angeles Clippers, Denver Nuggets, Portland Trail Blazers, Houston Rockets, Boston Celtics and Orlando Magic. He was the 39th overall selection (ninth pick of the second round) in the 2005 NBA draft by the Lakers. His nickname is "The Dutch Cookie".

High school
Wafer attended Pineview High School in Lisbon, Louisiana during his freshman, sophomore and junior years of high school. He averaged 32 points, 10 rebounds and 7 assists during his junior season. Up to that point, Wafer was a virtual unknown on the national recruiting scene. Tim Loring, the coach of the Arkansas Wings AAU team, invited Wafer to play for them the summer before his senior year. This allowed Wafer to display his skills on a wider stage, and by the end of the summer, he was considered to be one of the top ten seniors on many recruiting lists. He was also briefly at R.L. Paschal High School and Laurinburg Institute his senior year before deciding to attend and play at Heritage Christian Academy in Cleveland, Texas, where he averaged 26 points, 8 rebounds, 4 steals, and 4 blocks per game.

Wafer was the seventh McDonald's High School All-American to play at Florida State University. During the game, he scored 8 points and finished second to LeBron James in the McDonald's All-American slam-dunk contest.

College
During his freshman year at Florida State University in the 2003–04 season, Wafer averaged 7.9 points in 17.5 minutes a game with the Seminoles. He ranked third among all ACC freshmen with 43 three-point field goals made and scored in double figures 12 times. As a sophomore during the 2004–05 season, he led the team in scoring (12.5 ppg) and three-point field goals made (65). He made more than one three-point field goal in 14 games and surpassed the 20-point mark on six occasions. Despite some success that year, he was suspended for two games early in the season and benched frequently later. The Tallahassee Democrat reported that his family explained the suspensions were because of missed classes and study sessions.

Professional career
Wafer declared himself as an early-entry candidate for the 2005 NBA draft after his sophomore year at FSU despite many draft experts predicting he would not be drafted. There were several hurdles he had to overcome to become a viable option for an NBA team to select him. Wafer was not invited to the annual Chicago pre-draft camp, which provides players who are not viewed as first-round prospects a chance to display their abilities in front of NBA team personnel. During a workout with the Phoenix Suns, Wafer reportedly was frustrated by the physical play from Jan Jagla, and responded by laying an intentional elbow to Jagla's nose, then walked off the court and ended the workout at that point. Los Angeles Lakers scout Irving Thomas, who played two seasons at FSU, saw three Seminoles games during the 2004–05 season and helped arrange a workout for Wafer with the Lakers. Lakers general manager Mitch Kupchak saw enough of Wafer's ability that they used the second of their two second-round picks to select Wafer in the draft.

Wafer was placed on waivers by the Lakers on October 26, 2006. He played in only one pre-season game due to a bruised left heel. Wafer then played for the Colorado 14ers of the NBA Development League during 2006–07, and was named Player of the Month in January 2007. He was signed to a ten-day contract by the Los Angeles Clippers on February 21. He played one minute without scoring before being waived a week later. On April 12, 2007, the Denver Nuggets signed Wafer for the remainder of the 2006–07 season.

On February 21, 2008, the Denver Nuggets traded Wafer to the Portland Trail Blazers for Taurean Green. Wafer changed his number from 22 (which he wore with the Nuggets) to 24, as number 22 had been retired by the Trail Blazers to honor Clyde Drexler.

Houston Rockets
Wafer was signed by the Houston Rockets and managed to keep a spot on the team due to his hot shooting in the preseason. On January 13, 2009, Wafer scored a career-high 23 points on 10-14 shooting in 39 minutes against the Los Angeles Lakers. He found a regular place in the Rockets' starting lineup due to good performance as well as an injury to regular starter Tracy McGrady. He continued to impress by scoring 21 points versus the Jazz and hitting the game-winning three at a game in Boston that the Rockets won 89–85. In that month he averaged 14.3 points per game. After Wafer moved to a team in Greece, the Rockets offered him a contract midway through the next season. He signed the contract, but failed his physical, so he could not join the Rockets.

Olympiacos Piraeus
Wafer joined the Greek Euroleague club Olympiacos Piraeus in August 2009, signing a two-year $10 million gross income contract. He was then waived by Olympiacos in December 2009. Wafer shot 36.4% from the field and averaged 3.0 points per game and 1.3 rebounds per game in the Greek A1 League with Olympiacos. In Euroleague play, he shot 50% from the field and averaged 7.7 points per game, 1.3 rebounds per game, and 1.0 assists per game.

Dallas Mavericks
On February 24, 2010, Wafer signed a ten-day contract with the Dallas Mavericks. He was not expected to crack the rotation during his tenure and although he was eligible to play six games, Wafer finished his contract with Dallas without playing a single minute.

Boston Celtics
On July 3, 2010, Wafer signed a free agent deal with the Boston Celtics. On October 29, 2010, he was involved in a locker-room altercation with new teammate Delonte West.

Vanoli-Braga Cremona
In August 2011, during the 2011 NBA lockout, he signed a one-year contract with Vanoli-Braga Cremona in Italy.

Orlando Magic
Wafer was traded to the Magic on December 12, 2011, along with Glen Davis for Brandon Bass. He was waived by the Magic at the end of the 2011–12 season.

Move to CBA
Wafer moved to China in 2012, signed a one-year contract with Xinjiang Flying Tigers worth $2 million. He played 34 games for Xinjiang, averaged 26.4 points with a shooting percentage of 55.4%. He also got 4.4 rebounds, 3.4 assists and 1.1 steals per game.

In October 2013, he signed with the Shanghai Sharks, the team owned by his former teammate Yao Ming at the Rockets. In December 2013, he left the Sharks.

Bakersfield Jam
On January 10, 2014, he was acquired by the Bakersfield Jam of the NBA Development League. On January 28, 2014, he was waived by the Jam.

Russia
On February 3, 2014, he signed with BC Krasny Oktyabr for the rest of the 2013–2014 season.

Delaware 87ers
On November 26, 2016, Wafer returned to the United States, signing with the Delaware 87ers of the NBA Development League.

Westchester Knicks
On December 14, 2016, Wafer was traded to the Westchester Knicks in exchange for Devondrick Walker.

Return to CBA
On January 27, 2017, Wafer returned to China, signing with the Jilin Northeast Tigers.

title: Von Wafer


text:
Jaime Zea

Jaime Zea (born in Huyro, La Convención, Cuzco, 17 February 1960) was the mayor of Villa El Salvador, one of the most populated districts of Lima, Peru. He began his mayoral term in 2003 and was reelected in 2007.

title: Jaime Zea


text:
The gospel

The gospel or good news is a theological concept in several religions. In the historical Roman imperial cult and today in Christianity, the gospel is a message about salvation by a divine figure, a savior, who has brought peace or other benefits to humankind. In Ancient Greek religion, the word designated a type of sacrifice or ritual dedication intended to thank the gods upon receiving good news.

The religious concept dates back at least as far as Greece's Classical era. Roman authors are known to have adopted it toward the end of the 1st century BCE, and Christians somewhat later. It is a central message of Christianity today, in which written accounts of the life and teaching of Jesus Christ are known as Gospels.

Etymology
Gospel is the Old English translation of Greek εὐαγγέλιον, meaning "good news". This may be seen from analysis of euangélion (εὖ + ἄγγελος + -ιον diminutive suffix). The Greek term was Latinized as evangelium in the Vulgate, and translated into Latin as bona annuntiatio.

In Old English, it was translated as gōdspel (gōd, "good" + spel, "news"). The Old English term was retained as gospel in Middle English Bible translations and hence remains in use also in Modern English.

In Greek the term originally designated a reward or tip customarily paid to a messenger who has delivered good news. The term then came to designate the good news itself, and also a religious offering of thanks for good fortune.

Classical Greece
In Ancient Greek religion the word εὐαγγέλια means a sacrifice offered for good tidings or good news. Like other Greek religious thanks-offerings, offerings took the form of animal sacrifice, offerings of food and drink, and ritual dedications. News of military victory was frequently celebrated with an offering. In the play The Knights by Aristophanes of 424 BCE, the comic character Paphlagon proposes an excessive sacrifice of a hundred heifers to Athena to celebrate good news. This word in Greek has a double meaning: the singular form means a reward paid to a human messenger who brings good news, and the plural form means a thanks-offering to the gods for good news.

Rome
The Roman Imperial cult celebrated the gospel of the August One or Divus Augustus, a mythologized version of the first Roman emperor Octavian, also known as Augustus Caesar. Augustus was both a man and a god, "a savior who has made war to cease and who shall put everything in peaceful order." This period of peace is called the Pax Romana. To celebrate the good tidings of peace with an unusually grand gospel offering, governor Paullus Fabius Maximus suggested the ritual dedication of the calendar to Augustus, starting the new year on Augustus's birthday. This dedication to the August One served to synchronize diverse local calendars across the Empire, and is the origin of the name of the month August. The idea of dedication to a divine king's birthday later formed the basis of the Julian and Gregorian calendars.

One implementation of this gospel calendar dedication is recorded the Calendar Inscription of Priene. In it, the Koine Greek word for "good news" appears in celebrating the birth of the god and savior Augustus, sent by Providence to bring peace. It announces the intention of the city of Priene to change their calendar so that it begins on the birthday of Augustus, the first day of the good news. The Priene inscription is the most famous pre-Christian use of the concept of the gospel. Dated to 9 BCE, a few years before the birth of Jesus, the inscription demonstrates that the gospel was used as a political term before it was applied to Christianity.

Hebrew scripture
The ancient Hebrew noun בְּשׂוֹרָה (besorah) appears to carry the same double meaning as the equivalent Greek word for gospel, used for both a messenger delivering good news and a thanks-offering to a god upon receiving good news. The noun and verb forms are used several times in the Hebrew Bible.

Christian interpretation
Christian theology describes the good news of salvation in Jesus Christ not as a new concept, but one that has been foretold throughout the Hebrew scripture (known as the Old Testament in Christian Bibles) and was prophetically preached even at the time of the fall of man as contained in Genesis 3:14–15, which has been called the "Proto-Evangelion" or "Proto-Gospel".

The Gospels

A genre of ancient biographies of Jesus took on the name Gospel because they tell good news of Jesus as the Christian savior, bringing peace and acting as a sacrifice who has redeemed mankind from sin. The first four books of the Christian New Testament are the canonical gospels: Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John. In addition, a number of non-canonical gospels exist or existed but are not officially included in the Christian Bible.

In the Pauline epistles
Paul the Apostle gave the following summary, one of the earliest Christian Creeds, (translated into English) of this good news (gospel) in the First Epistle to the Corinthians:

"Now I make known to you, brothers and sisters, the gospel which I preached to you, which you also received, in which you also stand, by which you also are saved, if you hold firmly to the word which I preached to you, unless you believed in vain. For I handed down to you as of first importance what I also received, that Christ died for our sins according to the Scriptures, and that He was buried, and that He was raised on the third day according to the Scriptures"

- 1 Corinthians 15:1–4 Paul describes the gospel as being powerful and salvific: For I am not ashamed of the gospel, because it is the power of God that brings salvation to everyone who believes: first to the Jew, then to the Gentile.

Romans 1:16

In Acts
The good news can be summarized in many ways, reflecting various emphases. C. H. Dodd has summarized the Christian good news as taught by the apostle Peter in the Acts of the Apostles:

 * The age of fulfilment has dawned;
 * This has taken place through the ministry, death, and resurrection of Jesus;
 * By virtue of the resurrection, Jesus has been exalted at the right hand of God as messianic head of the new Israel;
 * The Holy Spirit in the Church is the sign of Christ's present power and glory;
 * The Messianic Age will shortly reach its consummation in the return of Christ.

In various Christian movements

The good news is described in many different ways in the Bible. Each one reflects different emphases, and describes part or all of the biblical narrative. Christian teaching of the good news—including the preaching of the Apostles in the Book of Acts—generally focuses upon the resurrection of Jesus and its implications. Sometimes in the Bible, the good news is described in other terms, but it still describes God's saving acts. For example, the Apostle Paul taught that the good news was announced to the patriarch Abraham in the words, "All nations will be blessed through you." (Galatians 3:6–9; c.f. Genesis 12:1–3).

Liberation theology
Liberation theology, articulated in the teachings of Latin American Catholic theologians Leonardo Boff and Gustavo Gutiérrez, emphasizes that Jesus came not only to save humanity, but also to liberate the poor and oppressed. A similar movement among the Latin American evangelical movement is the integral mission, in which the Church is seen as an agent for positively transforming the wider world, in response to the good news.

Christian mission

The Christian missions movement believes the Christian good news to be a message for all peoples, of all nations, tribes, cultures and languages. This movement teaches that it is through the good news of Jesus that the nations of humanity are restored to relationship with God and that the destiny of the nations is related to this process. Missiology professor Howard A. Snyder writes, "God has chosen to place the Church with Christ at the very center of His plan to reconcile the world to himself".

Another perspective described in the Pauline epistles is that it is through the good news of Jesus' death and resurrection, and the resulting worship of people from all nations, that evil is defeated on a cosmic scale. Reflecting on the third chapter of Ephesians 3, theologian Howard A. Snyder writes:

"God's plan for the church extends to the fullest extent of the cosmos. By God's 'manifold wisdom' the Church displays an early fullness of what Christ will accomplish at the conclusion of all the ages. The spectacle is to reach beyond the range of humanity, even to the angelic realms. The church is to be God's display of Christ's reconciling love."

title: The gospel


text: User talk:69.128.160.243

title: User talk:69.128.160.243


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Aluminium bronze

Aluminium bronze is a type of bronze in which aluminium is the main alloying metal added to copper, in contrast to standard bronze (copper and tin) or brass (copper and zinc). A variety of aluminium bronzes of differing compositions have found industrial use, with most ranging from 5% to 11% aluminium by weight, the remaining mass being copper; other alloying agents such as iron, nickel, manganese, and silicon are also sometimes added to aluminium bronzes.

Compositions
The following table lists the most common standard aluminium bronze wrought alloy compositions, by ISO 428 designations. The percentages show the proportional composition of the alloy by weight. Copper is the remainder by weight and is not listed:

Material properties
Aluminium bronzes are most valued for their higher strength and corrosion resistance as compared to other bronze alloys. These alloys are tarnish-resistant and show low rates of corrosion in atmospheric conditions, low oxidation rates at high temperatures, and low reactivity with sulfurous compounds and other exhaust products of combustion. They are also resistant to corrosion in sea water. Aluminium bronzes' resistance to corrosion results from the aluminium in the alloys, which reacts with atmospheric oxygen to form a thin, tough surface layer of alumina (aluminium oxide) which acts as a barrier to corrosion of the copper-rich alloy. The addition of tin can improve corrosion resistance.

Another notable property of aluminium bronzes are their biostatic effects. The copper component of the alloy prevents colonization by marine organisms including algae, lichens, barnacles, and mussels, and therefore can be preferable to stainless steel or other non-cupric alloys in applications where such colonization would be unwanted.

Aluminium bronzes tend to have a golden color.

Applications
Aluminium bronzes are most commonly used in applications where their resistance to corrosion makes them preferable to other engineering materials. These applications include plain bearings and landing gear components on aircraft, guitar strings, valve components, engine components (especially for seagoing ships), underwater fastenings in naval architecture, and ship propellers. Aluminium bronze is also used to fulfil the ATEX directive for Zones 1, 2, 21, and 22. The attractive gold-toned coloration of aluminium bronzes has also led to their use in jewellery.

Aluminium bronzes are in the highest demand from the following industries and areas:

 * General sea water-related service
 * Water supply
 * Oil and petrochemical industries (i.e. tools for use in non-sparking environments)
 * Specialised anti-corrosive applications
 * Certain structural retrofit building applications

Aluminium bronze can be welded using the MIG welding technique with an aluminium bronze core and pure argon gas.

Aluminium bronze is used to replace gold for the casting of dental crowns. The alloys used are chemically inert and have the appearance of gold.

The Doehler Die Casting Co. of Toledo, Ohio were known for the production of Brastil, a high tensile corrosion resistant bronze alloy.

Italy pioneered the use for coinage of an aluminium-bronze alloy called bronzital (literally "Italian bronze") in its 5- and 10-centesimi from 1939. Its alloy was finalized in 1967 to 92% copper, 6% aluminium, and 2% nickel, and was since used in the 20, 200 and 500 Italian Lira coins until 2001. Bronzital has since been used for the Australian and New Zealand 1- and 2-dollar coins, the pre-2009 Mexican 20- and 50-centavo coins, the inner cores of the bi-metallic Mexican 1-, 2- and 5-peso coins, the pre-2017 Philippine 10-peso coin, the Canadian 2 dollar coin (a.k.a. the 'toonie'), and the outer rings of the Mexican 10-, 20-, 50- and 100-peso coins.

Nordic Gold, composed of 89% copper, 5% aluminium, 5% zinc, and 1% tin, is a more recently developed aluminium-bronze alloy for coinage. It was first used for the Swedish 10-kronor coin in 1991, and became widespread after the introduction of Nordic gold 10, 20 and 50-cent Euro coins in 2002.

title: Aluminium bronze


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/I Like To Move It

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was keep. Dmcdevit·t 04:44, August 2, 2005 (UTC)

I Like To Move It
random giberish Hansonc 23:32, July 18, 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy. That's what the nonsense tag is for. --Scimitar parley 23:41, 18 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep after rewrite. Dcarrano 16:54, July 20, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep after rewrite. This is notable for a song.--Pharos 06:10, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep after rewrite. bbx 04:09, 24 July 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


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Saudi Binladin Group

Saudi Binladen Group (SBG; مجموعة بن لادن السعودية Maǧmūʿat Bin Lādin al-Saʿūdiyyah), known as Binladen Group Global Holding Company since 2019, is a multinational construction conglomerate headquartered in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. In 2011, the Saudi Binladen Group signed a US$1.23 billion contractual agreement to construct the tallest building in the world, Jeddah Tower in Jeddah. They are also party to a US$3.4 billion agreement to construct the Doha Metro located in Doha. The conglomerate comprises an estimated 537 companies. The group's founder was Mohammed bin Awad bin Laden, the father of Osama bin Laden.

Overview
The SBG was founded in 1931 by Sheikh Mohammed bin Awad bin Laden Sayyid, whose relationship with the country's founder, Abdulaziz Al Saud, led to important government contracts such as refurbishing the mosques at Mecca and Medina. In 1964, Mohammed bin Laden was commissioned to reclad the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem. After the death of Sheikh Mohammed in 1967, the group was headed by Mohammed Bahareth, brother of Mohammed's first wife and uncle of his oldest children. In 1972, Salem bin Laden, the eldest son of Mohammed bin Laden, took over as his father's successor with the assistance of several brothers. Upon Salem's death in a plane crash in 1988, the leadership of the group passed to one of Salem's brothers, Bakr, along with thirteen other brothers who make up the board of the bin Laden group. The most important of these include Hassan bin Laden, Yeslam bin Ladin and Yehia bin Laden.

The Group considered an initial public offering in 2011, but declined to do so due to a combination of low oil prices, a weak stock market, and bureaucratic obstacles.

In April 2018, Bakr bin Laden, as well as his brothers Saleh and Saad, transferred their 36.2% stake in the Saudi Binladin Group to the Istidama Holding Company, which is owned by the Ministry of Finance. The government of Saudi Arabia subsequently established a five-person committee to run the Binladen Group, which includes of Abdul Rahman Al Harkan, Khaled Nahas, Khalid Al Khowaiter. Reuters described the ownership transfer as a functional nationalization, with al-Harkan, the committee's chairman, reporting to Finance Minister Mohammed Al-Jadaan. al-Karkan subsequently negotiated an 11 billion riyal loan from the Ministry of Finance.

Current activities
The bin Laden group is represented in most Saudi cities — Riyadh, Dammam — and in a number of major cities in the region (Beirut, Cairo, Amman, Dubai). According to a synopsis by the PBS news program Frontline:
 * in Egypt, the SBG is headed by Omar bin Laden as Chairman, Khaled bin Laden as vice chairman, Tarek Helmy as CEO, and represents that country's largest foreign-owned private equity group, with over 40,000 employees.
 * in Lebanon, the SBG, represented by Yehia bin Laden, has been holding negotiations with the local authorities for a $50 million share in the project to rebuild the Beirut Central District within the framework of the Solidere Project and in conjunction with the al Baraka Group and the bin Mahfouz Group.
 * in London, the SBG set up a representative firm called Binexport in November 1990.

The Group has constructed Abraj Al Bait Towers in Mecca and has been contracted by Kingdom Holding Company to build the Jeddah Tower.

On 11 September 2015, while doing construction work in the Grand Mosque in Mecca, Saudi Arabia, one of the Group's cranes collapsed due to high winds causing 118 deaths and almost 400 injuries. As a result, the Saudi king banned the firm from taking new projects while having its current projects reviewed. The Saudi government removed the ban on the Binladin Group in May 2016, allowing them to bid on new projects.

Saudi Arabia projects

 * 1) Royal Terminal, Jeddah
 * 2) King Abdulaziz International Airport, New Haj Terminal, Jeddah
 * 3) Al Faisaliyah Center
 * 4) Madina-Qassim Expressway
 * 5) Um Alqura University, Makkah
 * 6) Lotus Compounds, Jeddah
 * 7) Noura bint Abdul Rahman University
 * 8) Abraj Al Bait Towers, Makkah
 * 9) Jeddah Tower, Jeddah
 * 10) King Abdullah Economic City
 * 11) Jamaraat Bridge
 * 12) Saudi Arabia National Guard Housing Project
 * 13) King Abdullah Financial District, Riyadh
 * 14) Saudi Arabian Railways Projects CTW-100 and CTW 110
 * 15) Al Masjid Al-Haram expansion

International projects

 * 1) Blaise Diagne International Airport, Senegal

 * 1) Sharjah International Airport Expansion & Development, UAE
 * 2) University of Sharjah, UAE
 * 3) Expansion of Velana International Airport, Maldives
 * 4) Kuala Lumpur International Airport, Malaysia

Website
SBG's Internet domain name, saudi-binladin-group.com, was registered on September 11, 2000, for one year, expiring on the same day as the September 11 attacks. The domain was later acquired by a domain speculator.

title: Saudi Binladin Group


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Minimum-shift keying

In digital modulation, minimum-shift keying (MSK) is a type of continuous-phase frequency-shift keying that was developed in the late 1950s by Collins Radio employees Melvin L. Doelz and Earl T. Heald. Similar to OQPSK, MSK is encoded with bits alternating between quadrature components, with the Q component delayed by half the symbol period.

However, instead of square pulses as OQPSK uses, MSK encodes each bit as a half sinusoid. This results in a constant-modulus signal (constant envelope signal), which reduces problems caused by non-linear distortion. In addition to being viewed as related to OQPSK, MSK can also be viewed as a continuous-phase frequency-shift keyed (CPFSK) signal with a frequency separation of one-half the bit rate.

In MSK the difference between the higher and lower frequency is identical to half the bit rate. Consequently, the waveforms used to represent a 0 and a 1 bit differ by exactly half a carrier period. Thus, the maximum frequency deviation is where fm is the maximum modulating frequency. As a result, the modulation index m is 0.5. This is the smallest FSK modulation index that can be chosen such that the waveforms for 0 and 1 are orthogonal. A variant of MSK called Gaussian minimum-shift keying (GMSK) is used in the GSM mobile phone standard.

Mathematical representation
The resulting signal is represented by the formula:
 * $$s(t) = a_{I}(t)\cos{\left(\frac{{\pi}t}{2T}\right)}\cos{(2{\pi}f_{c}t)}-a_{Q}(t)\sin{\left(\frac{{\pi}t}{2T}\right)}\sin{\left(2{\pi}f_{c}t\right)}$$

where $$a_{I}(t)$$ and $$a_{Q}(t)$$ encode the even and odd information respectively with a sequence of square pulses of duration 2T. $$a_I(t)$$ has its pulse edges on $$t = [-T, T, 3T, \ldots]$$ and $$a_{Q}(t)$$ on $$t = [0, 2T, 4T, \ldots]$$. The carrier frequency is $$f_{c}$$.

Using the trigonometric identity, this can be rewritten in a form where the phase and frequency modulation are more obvious,
 * $$s(t) = \cos\left[2 \pi f_c t + b_k(t) \frac{\pi t}{2 T} + \phi_k\right]$$

where bk(t) is +1 when $$a_I(t) = a_Q(t)$$ and −1 if they are of opposite signs, and $$\phi_k$$ is 0 if $$a_I(t)$$ is 1, and $$\pi$$ otherwise. Therefore, the signal is modulated in frequency and phase, and the phase changes continuously and linearly.

Properties
Since the minimum symbol distance is the same as in the QPSK, the following formula can be used for the theoretical bit-error ratio bound:

 * $$P_b = Q\left(\sqrt{\frac{2E_b}{N_0}}\right) = \frac{1}{2}\operatorname{erfc}\left(\sqrt{\frac{E_b}{N_0}}\right)$$

where $$E_b$$ is the energy per one bit, $$N_0$$ is the noise spectral density, $$Q(*)$$ denotes the Q-function and $$\operatorname{erfc}$$ denotes the complementary error function.

Gaussian minimum-shift keying
Gaussian minimum-shift keying, or GMSK, is similar to standard minimum-shift keying (MSK); however, the digital data stream is first shaped with a Gaussian filter before being applied to a frequency modulator, and typically has much narrower phase shift angles than most MSK modulation systems. This has the advantage of reducing sideband power, which in turn reduces out-of-band interference between signal carriers in adjacent frequency channels.

However, the Gaussian filter increases the modulation memory in the system and causes intersymbol interference, making it more difficult to differentiate between different transmitted data values and requiring more complex channel equalization algorithms such as an adaptive equalizer at the receiver. GMSK has high spectral efficiency, but it needs a higher power level than QPSK, for instance, in order to reliably transmit the same amount of data. GMSK is most notably used in the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), in Bluetooth, in satellite communications, and Automatic Identification System (AIS) for maritime navigation.

title: Minimum-shift keying


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Utgård

Utgård is a village on the island Vesterøy in Hvaler municipality, Norway. Its population (SSB 2005) is 304.

title: Utgård


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User interface design

User interface (UI) design or user interface engineering is the design of user interfaces for machines and software, such as computers, home appliances, mobile devices, and other electronic devices, with the focus on maximizing usability and the user experience. In computer or software design, user interface (UI) design primarily focuses on information architecture. It is the process of building interfaces that clearly communicate to the user what's important. UI design refers to graphical user interfaces and other forms of interface design. The goal of user interface design is to make the user's interaction as simple and efficient as possible, in terms of accomplishing user goals (user-centered design).

User interfaces are the points of interaction between users and designs. There are three types:

 * Graphical user interfaces (GUIs) – Users interact with visual representations on a computer's screen. The desktop is an example of a GUI.
 * Interfaces controlled through voice – Users interact with these through their voices. Most smart assistants, such as Siri on smartphones or Alexa on Amazon devices, use voice control.
 * Interactive interfaces utilizing gestures – Users interact with 3D design environments through their bodies, e.g., in virtual reality (VR) games.

Interface design is involved in a wide range of projects, from computer systems, to cars, to commercial planes; all of these projects involve much of the same basic human interactions yet also require some unique skills and knowledge. As a result, designers tend to specialize in certain types of projects and have skills centered on their expertise, whether it is software design, user research, web design, or industrial design.

Good user interface design facilitates finishing the task at hand without drawing unnecessary attention to itself. Graphic design and typography are utilized to support its usability, influencing how the user performs certain interactions and improving the aesthetic appeal of the design; design aesthetics may enhance or detract from the ability of users to use the functions of the interface. The design process must balance technical functionality and visual elements (e.g., mental model) to create a system that is not only operational but also usable and adaptable to changing user needs.

Compared to UX design
Compared to UX design, UI design is more about the surface and overall look of a design. User interface design is a craft in which designers perform an important function in creating the user experience. UI design should keep users informed about what is happening, giving appropriate feedback in a timely manner. The visual look and feel of UI design sets the tone for the user experience. On the other hand, the term UX design refers to the entire process of creating a user experience.

Don Norman and Jakob Nielsen said:

Processes

User interface design requires a good understanding of user needs. It mainly focuses on the needs of the platform and its user expectations. There are several phases and processes in the user interface design, some of which are more demanded upon than others, depending on the project. (Note: for the remainder of this section, the word system is used to denote any project whether it is a website, application, or device.)
 * Functionality requirements gathering – assembling a list of the functionality required by the system to accomplish the goals of the project and the potential needs of the users.
 * User and task analysis – a form of field research, it is the analysis of the potential users of the system by studying how they perform the tasks that the design must support, and conducting interviews to elaborate their goals. Typical questions involve:
 * What would the user want the system to do?
 * How would the system fit in with the user's normal workflow or daily activities?
 * How technically savvy is the user and what similar systems does the user already use?
 * What interface look & feel styles appeal to the user?
 * Information architecture – development of the process and/or information flow of the system (i.e. for phone tree systems, this would be an option tree flowchart and for web sites this would be a site flow that shows the hierarchy of the pages).
 * Prototyping – development of wire-frames, either in the form of paper prototypes or simple interactive screens. These prototypes are stripped of all look & feel elements and most content in order to concentrate on the interface.
 * Usability inspection – letting an evaluator inspect a user interface. This is generally considered to be cheaper to implement than usability testing (see step below), and can be used early on in the development process since it can be used to evaluate prototypes or specifications for the system, which usually cannot be tested on users. Some common usability inspection methods include cognitive walkthrough, which focuses the simplicity to accomplish tasks with the system for new users, heuristic evaluation, in which a set of heuristics are used to identify usability problems in the UI design, and pluralistic walkthrough, in which a selected group of people step through a task scenario and discuss usability issues.
 * Usability testing – testing of the prototypes on an actual user—often using a technique called think aloud protocol where you ask the user to talk about their thoughts during the experience. User interface design testing allows the designer to understand the reception of the design from the viewer's standpoint, and thus facilitates creating successful applications.
 * Graphical user interface design – actual look and feel design of the final graphical user interface (GUI). These are design's control panels and faces; voice-controlled interfaces involve oral-auditory interaction, while gesture-based interfaces witness users engaging with 3D design spaces via bodily motions. It may be based on the findings developed during the user research, and refined to fix any usability problems found through the results of testing. Depending on the type of interface being created, this process typically involves some computer programming in order to validate forms, establish links or perform a desired action.
 * Software maintenance – after the deployment of a new interface, occasional maintenance may be required to fix software bugs, change features, or completely upgrade the system. Once a decision is made to upgrade the interface, the legacy system will undergo another version of the design process, and will begin to repeat the stages of the interface life cycle.

Requirements
The dynamic characteristics of a system are described in terms of the dialogue requirements contained in seven principles of part 10 of the ergonomics standard, the ISO 9241. This standard establishes a framework of ergonomic "principles" for the dialogue techniques with high-level definitions and illustrative applications and examples of the principles. The principles of the dialogue represent the dynamic aspects of the interface and can be mostly regarded as the "feel" of the interface.

The seven dialogue principles are:
 * Suitability for the task: the dialogue is suitable for a task when it supports the user in the effective and efficient completion of the task.
 * Self-descriptiveness: the dialogue is self-descriptive when each dialogue step is immediately comprehensible through feedback from the system or is explained to the user on request.
 * Controllability: the dialogue is controllable when the user is able to initiate and control the direction and pace of the interaction until the point at which the goal has been met.
 * Conformity with user expectations: the dialogue conforms with user expectations when it is consistent and corresponds to the user characteristics, such as task knowledge, education, experience, and to commonly accepted conventions.
 * Error tolerance: the dialogue is error-tolerant if, despite evident errors in input, the intended result may be achieved with either no or minimal action by the user.
 * Suitability for individualization: the dialogue is capable of individualization when the interface software can be modified to suit the task needs, individual preferences, and skills of the user.
 * Suitability for learning: the dialogue is suitable for learning when it supports and guides the user in learning to use the system.

The concept of usability is defined of the ISO 9241 standard by effectiveness, efficiency, and satisfaction of the user.

Part 11 gives the following definition of usability: Effectiveness, efficiency, and satisfaction can be seen as quality factors of usability. To evaluate these factors, they need to be decomposed into sub-factors, and finally, into usability measures.
 * Usability is measured by the extent to which the intended goals of use of the overall system are achieved (effectiveness).
 * The resources that have to be expended to achieve the intended goals (efficiency).
 * The extent to which the user finds the overall system acceptable (satisfaction).

The information presented is described in Part 12 of the ISO 9241 standard for the organization of information (arrangement, alignment, grouping, labels, location), for the display of graphical objects, and for the coding of information (abbreviation, colour, size, shape, visual cues) by seven attributes. The "attributes of presented information" represent the static aspects of the interface and can be generally regarded as the "look" of the interface. The attributes are detailed in the recommendations given in the standard. Each of the recommendations supports one or more of the seven attributes.

The seven presentation attributes are:
 * Clarity: the information content is conveyed quickly and accurately.
 * Discriminability: the displayed information can be distinguished accurately.
 * Conciseness: users are not overloaded with extraneous information.
 * Consistency: a unique design, conformity with user's expectation.
 * Detectability: the user's attention is directed towards information required.
 * Legibility: information is easy to read.
 * Comprehensibility: the meaning is clearly understandable, unambiguous, interpretable, and recognizable.

The user guidance in Part 13 of the ISO 9241 standard describes that the user guidance information should be readily distinguishable from other displayed information and should be specific for the current context of use.

User guidance can be given by the following five means:
 * Prompts indicating explicitly (specific prompts) or implicitly (generic prompts) that the system is available for input.
 * Feedback informing about the user's input timely, perceptible, and non-intrusive.
 * Status information indicating the continuing state of the application, the system's hardware and software components, and the user's activities.
 * Error management including error prevention, error correction, user support for error management, and error messages.
 * On-line help for system-initiated and user-initiated requests with specific information for the current context of use.

Research
User interface design has been a topic of considerable research, including on its aesthetics. Standards have been developed as far back as the 1980s for defining the usability of software products. One of the structural bases has become the IFIP user interface reference model.

The model proposes four dimensions to structure the user interface: This model has greatly influenced the development of the international standard ISO 9241 describing the interface design requirements for usability. The desire to understand application-specific UI issues early in software development, even as an application was being developed, led to research on GUI rapid prototyping tools that might offer convincing simulations of how an actual application might behave in production use. Some of this research has shown that a wide variety of programming tasks for GUI-based software can, in fact, be specified through means other than writing program code.
 * The input/output dimension (the look)
 * The dialogue dimension (the feel)
 * The technical or functional dimension (the access to tools and services)
 * The organizational dimension (the communication and co-operation support)

Research in recent years is strongly motivated by the increasing variety of devices that can, by virtue of Moore's law, host very complex interfaces.

title: User interface design


text:
Talk:Ford Focus RS WRC

Title
I think this page should be moved to Ford Focus WRC. -- Andy29 23:34, 18 July 2005 (UTC)
 * I moved the page. NSR (talk) 23:39, 18 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Thanks. I've cleaned it up a bit too. Andy29 00:07, 19 July 2005 (UTC)

Merge
It has been suggested by User:OSX that this article be merged into Ford Focus (first generation) and Ford Focus (second generation, Europe). Prolog (talk) 07:28, 7 June 2011 (UTC)

 * I oppose this merge. Splitting the information into two articles would be a disservice to readers. The base model articles can include summaries and a main template per standard practice. Highly notable racing vehicles usually have their own articles, anyway. This is a two-time world championship winning car and competed in the WRC for 12 years. Also, the incoming 200+ wikilinks would need to be sorted out after a merge and we would still be left with the issue of where to redirect this page. Prolog (talk) 07:28, 7 June 2011 (UTC)

 * I oppose the merge. The Focus WRC is a vehicle so different that I think he deserves an article. --Jorjum (talk) 08:42, 7 June 2011 (UTC)

 * I Support this merge. The article isn't very big and if it's added correctly into the Ford Focus articles it would be of more benefit to the Ford Focus article. Thanks  J e n o v a  20 08:45, 7 June 2011 (UTC)

 * The article doesn't include the results table yet (see Lancia 037). That will be long and at least 20KB, and Ford Focus (first generation) is already over 70KB. Readers shouldn't have to hop between two articles to see the results either. Prolog (talk) 10:18, 7 June 2011 (UTC)

 * Well some trimming may well be necessary then, is it always necessary for about 2 pages of engine sizes or trim levels? The size is a guide not an absolute rule, it's quality over quantity so i still support a merge. Thanks  J e n o v a  20 10:32, 7 June 2011 (UTC)

 * Support: small-sized article, easily converted into a section within the donor vehicle article. Wikipedia should be telling the whole story, and not catering to fringe interest groups that are only interested in motorsport and not the basic vehicle that the racing/rally version derives from. Fewer articles also results in less maintenance work. OSX (talk • contributions) 09:18, 7 June 2011 (UTC)

 * Oppose: Easily capable of being a standalone article, especially with results tables and other expansion. Comfortably notable in its own right, an utterly different notability from that of the road car. Merging is really quite inappropriate, and referring to motorsport enthusiasts as "fringe interest groups" is unhelpful. Nobody's advocating deletion of the road car article, they're not mutually exclusive. Furthermore, the prospect of maintenance work is not a criterion for deciding what is notable or otherwise. Bretonbanquet (talk) 19:59, 7 June 2011 (UTC)

 * Oppose: the car is notable enough to deserve its own article, and length is not revelant for notability, as there is plenty of room to expand and improve the article. OSX did not provided a single argument based on Wikipedia policies to support a merge.--Mariordo (talk) 02:14, 8 June 2011 (UTC)
 * Oppose: Car is notable enough for it's own article. Bjmullan (talk) 07:16, 8 June 2011 (UTC)

 * Oppose: I oppose this merge, and I oppose the general push to merge all vehicles with the same or similar names into one article.  If a subspecies of a model is notable on its own, independent of the notability of the model in general, it should have its own article.  Ebikeguy (talk) 17:30, 8 June 2011 (UTC)

 * Oppose: I think somebody who is interested in the WRC car is not interested in the road car whereas somebody who is interested in the road car is not interested in the WRC car. With exception of the name the WRC car has nothing in common with the road car. --217.227.122.233 (talk) 22:51, 13 June 2011 (UTC)

 * Oppose: The Focus, and many other World Rally Cars like the Citroens and Peugeots (less so with Subaru and Mitsubishi), were racing specials - they had little in common with the road cars except the overall shape. Adding 4WD and a turbocharger is a BIG change. LRT24 (talk) 22:28, 7 July 2011 (UTC)

 * Comment: The main Ford Focus article probably ought to link here using the main template. It makes things nice and clear. The articles for the two generations could do so as well. LRT24 (talk) 22:28, 7 July 2011 (UTC)

File:Neste Oil Rally 2010 - Jari-Matti Latvala in shakedown.jpg to appear as POTD soon
Hello! This is a note to let the editors of this article know that File:Neste Oil Rally 2010 - Jari-Matti Latvala in shakedown.jpg will be appearing as picture of the day on March 25, 2012. You can view and edit the POTD blurb at Template:POTD/2012-03-25. If this article needs any attention or maintenance, it would be preferable if that could be done before its appearance on the Main Page so Wikipedia doesn't look bad. :) Thanks! — howcheng  {chat} 19:37, 23 March 2012 (UTC)

Wheelbase error?
The wheelbase data (1800mm) in the article seems way too short; it is rather about 2500mm.--89.132.88.168 (talk) 22:04, 14 July 2012 (UTC)

title: Talk:Ford Focus RS WRC


text:
User:Vlad

Wikipedia is failing

 * The Wikipedia FAQ
 * If surgery was like Wikipedia...

Interesting quote

 * You don't have any right! :)

Todo

 * Romanian uses diacritics! So make sure articles and links use them!
 * Parse the List of Romanians and change names into ones with diacritics (for instance):
 * http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Timisoara&limit=100&from=0 (change Timisoara into Timişoara)
 * http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Marseilles&limit=500&from=0 (change Marseilles into Marseille! :)

Useful resources

 * Template messages
 * Tools
 * Text Readability Calculator

Political tests

 * The Political compass test used to interpret me as:
 * Economic Left/Right: -5.25
 * Social Libertarian/Authoritarian: -2.51
 * See for yourself here: http://www.digitalronin.f2s.com/politicalcompass/printablegraph.php?ec=-5.25&soc=-2.51
 * It looks that I was sharing the views of Gandhi, Nelson Mandela & The Dalai Lama
 * 2021 Update
 * Economic Left/Right: -6.25
 * Social Libertarian/Authoritarian: -2.92
 * https://politicalcompass.org/analysis2?ec=-6.25&soc=-2.92
 * The Nolan chart test gives a more comprehensive explanation:
 * Libertarian
 * Personal: 80%
 * Economic: 60%

The ultimate test!
bg:Потребител:Vlad cs:Wikipedista:Vlad fr:Utilisateur:Vlad ro:Utilizator:Vlad

title: User:Vlad


text:
User:Tim Thomason (usurped)

Tim Thomason is involved in several Wikis (mostly via Wikia), including:
 * Memory Alpha, administrator
 * DCAU Wiki, founder
 * X-Files Wiki, administrator
 * West Wing Wiki
 * Wikipedia
 * Star Trek Expanded Universe, former User of the month
 * Legendary Journeys, founder
 * Buffyverse Wiki
 * Central Wikia
 * Futurama Wiki
 * MAlf, co-founder
 * Memory Beta
 * Wookieepedia
 * many others

Note on Username(s)
I have always been anti-sockname for almost any conceivable purpose. However, on May 6, 2007, I discovered I was unable to log in. I did not change my password, but I had forgotten to confirm my e-mail (it's a gmail one, Tim.Thomason). I plead my case with a former Wikipedia administrator, now Wikia staff member (see above, I'm a big-time Memory Alpha archivist), but she was, of course, unable to help out in any way, and I don't know any developers well (I've talked to JasonR before. Maybe. Sorta).

So, as of May 11, 2007, User:Tim_Thomason will have no more contributions. This page has and will be edited by "Tim Thomasons Temporary Username" as time goes on.

Proof
In case you're skeptical, here's a way to "prove" that Tim Thomason = Tim Thomasons Temporary Username (TTTU):
 * TTTU has the same e-mail as the "User:Tim Thomason" present at the wikis listed (admittedly by TTTU) on top.
 * Wikipedia User:Tim_Thomason had claimed on July 18, 2005 (see here) that he was the founder of the DCAU Wiki. The founder of the DCAU wiki is named "User:Tim Thomason" and has the same e-mail set in his preferences as TTTU.
 * I'm sure any checkusers out there could verify that the IPs match up (at least the recent ones).

RIP USER:TIM_THOMASON (JULY 18, 2005 &ndash APRIL 29, 2007)

Presidential Primogeniture

 * Adopting a "male-preference cognatic primogeniture," with disregard to religion.

Baby Names and Presidents
Given that all Presidents have been male, I'm only including the SSA's male name popularity lists (which cover 1880 until 2007).

The incoming President's name (Barack Hussein Obama) contributes three new names to this list, a feat that occurred with 22 previous Presidents (last time was Gerald Rudolph Ford). Interestingly, the outgoing President's name (George Walker Bush) is the only name that contributes nothing new to this list (mostly due to the entirety of his name being shared with his father).

Two presidents (Ulysses S. Grant and Harry S. Truman) have simply an initial for a middle name, and information regarding the use of the name "S," or any other one-letter initial, is unknown.

Fictional Presidents

 * Real Presidents are included for informational purposes. Acting Presidents and Presidents-elect (those who never served as Full President) are listed in italics.

title: User:Tim Thomason (usurped)


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Bernwood Forest

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was keep. Dmcdevit·t 04:36, August 2, 2005 (UTC)

Bernwood Forest
Delete Non-notable. ArcTheLad 23:35, 18 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Where did you get non-notable from? Try searching for it on google, you get hits such as Buckinghamshire County Council, Chiltern Railways, Aylesbury Vale District Council, BBOWT and the Forestry Commission all mentioning it by name.  Or are you just bitter because I created this article and I've nominated two of your favourite articles for deletion? -- Francs2000 | Talk [[Image:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg|25px|  ]] 02:31, 19 July 2005 (UTC)
 * According to this article, it's just a forest that was deforested. There's nothing that hints at the reason that it's supposedly notable. ArcTheLad 03:40, 19 July 2005 (UTC)
 * So I haven't got around to expanding it yet. That's because as an admin my time tends to get taken up dealing with trolls and vandals than with expanding articles.  But a simple google search (which you could have done) has proven that it is notable after all. -- Francs2000 | Talk [[Image:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg|25px|  ]] 11:25, 19 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep It's a royal forest with hundreds of years of history. CalJW 19:34, 19 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. A forest that's been deforested - there's your notability right there. Real place, community of interest, few trees. Grutness...  wha?  10:46, 19 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Keepeth foresooth — RJH 18:18, 19 July 2005 (UTC)
 * keep it's not a schoool. 131.251.0.7 20:09, 21 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Any place that has a thousand year old history is definitely notable.--Pharos 06:07, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
St. Pius X Catholic High School (Chamblee, Georgia)

St. Pius X Catholic High School is a private Catholic high school in Atlanta, DeKalb County, Georgia, United States, in the city of Atlanta. It was founded by the Archdiocese of Atlanta in 1958.

Description
Annual tuition is $13,700 for active Catholics and $15,200 for non-active or non-Catholics. Financial aid ranging from 20% to 50% is available on a need basis. 50% is the maximum given to any student.

Athletics
St. Pius X currently has 25 main sports teams. St. Pius X fields 62 teams at junior varsity and varsity levels in most sports, with the larger programs fielding freshman teams. The school's colors are navy blue and Vegas gold, and their nickname is the Golden Lions. St. Pius X has won six Regions Director's Cups, including in 2018–19, which ended the 19-year streak of Marist in AAAA.

 * As of the 2021–22 season.

Key: {{legend|#318CE7|School Boys' Record}} {{legend|#A9F5A9|School Girls' Record}}

Fall sports
The football program won one state title in 1968, and have been state runners-up three times, in 1965, 2012, and 2014. The team has made the state playoffs in 19 of the past 20 seasons.

The boys' cross country team has won 12 state titles, including nine since 2010. Both the boys' and girls' teams won the AAAA state title in 2019 and were All-Class State champions in 2020.

The volleyball team has won three state championships, in 2013, 2018, and 2021 and has five state runners-up finishes.

The softball team won the state title in 1995 and were runners-up in 1998.

The Golden Lions have a competition cheer squad in addition to the spirit squads.

Winter sports
Both boys' and girls' swimming team's home pool is the Dynamo Swim Center just down the street from campus. Boys' swimming has claimed four state titles, including three straight in 2017–2019. The girls' swim team has four state runners-up finishes, in 2009, 2015, 2019, and 2021, and one state title in 2022.

Both basketball teams won the region title in 2020. The boys' team has three state runners-up finishes in 1992, 2017, and 2018. The girls' team has won five state championships, in 2004, 2006, 2007, 2013, and 2014.

The wrestling program had five wrestlers place at the state tournament in 2020.

The dance team performs at halftime during basketball games and practices during the week.

Spring sports
The boys' soccer team produced US World Cup player Ricardo Clark, who once played for Eintracht Frankfurt in addition to the U.S. National Team, and Andrew Wolverton, who was a part of the 2011 FAB 50 National Championship team. The men's program has 12 state titles including a run of four straight from 2013 to 2016, and were named National Champions in 2011 and 2015

The girls' soccer team has won twelve state crowns and won five straight from 2013 to 2017 and were named National Champions in 2009.

Boys' golf won its first state championship in 2019, and has been runners-up three times. The girls' golf team finished in the top 10 at the state championships in 2019.

Baseball has won four region championships and advanced to the state semifinals in 2013 and in 2021.

Boys' track & field has five state titles, including back-to-back championships in 2018 and 2019. Girls' track & field won a state crown in 2006 and has finished in second place seven times.

The tennis programs have multiple state titles. The boys' program has four state championships and eight runners-up, and the girls' program has three state titles and nine runners-up finishes.

Notable alumni

 * Annie Anton, President's Commission on Enhancing National Cybersecurity
 * Richard Armitage, Deputy Secretary of State under George W. Bush
 * Gunnar Bentz, Olympic swimmer
 * Kelley Cain, WNBA, Connecticut Sun
 * Violet Chachki, winner of RuPaul's Drag Race Season 7
 * Ricardo Clark, midfielder, Eintracht Frankfurt, Houston Dynamo and U.S. National Soccer Team
 * Kevin Cone, wide receiver, Winnipeg Blue Bombers
 * Asia Durr, WNBA, New York Liberty
 * Daniel Haugh, discus thrower
 * Jimmy Maurer, goalkeeper, FC Dallas
 * Nick Rogers, former linebacker, Minnesota Vikings
 * Andrew Wolverton, goalkeeper, LA Galaxy


text:
The Gnu

"The Gnu" (sometimes known as "A Gnu", "I'm a Gnu" or "The Gnu Song") is a humorous song about a talking gnu by Flanders and Swann.

The word gnu is consistently pronounced in the song with two syllables as "g-noo", with the g clearly enunciated, and the n unpalatalised in contrast to the traditional "noo" or "nyoo". The song also plays on silent letters in other words such as "k-now" and "w-ho", and adds initial g's to various words beginning with n.

Synopsis
Michael Flanders introduces the piece with a humorous monologue explaining how he came to write it. He tells the story of a car – "great big flashy thing, with teeth; engine at both ends" – that is the bane of his existence, since it constantly occupies the one spot in the road outside his house where he can comfortably get from wheelchair to car and vice versa. The licence number, he explains, is 346 GNU, although registration marks using "GNU" in reverse format were not actually issued until 1958 indicating a degree of poetic license being used in this tale. The song itself then begins, and consists of a brief piano introduction and two similar sung verses, each preceded by a verse spoken by Flanders. Donald Swann accompanies Flanders on the piano, but neither speaks nor sings during the song.

In the first verse, the singer is at the zoo when he meets a man who claims to know all the animals (like the habits of baboons and the number of quills on a porcupine), but misidentifies a gnu as a "helk"; the animal corrects him, further affirming that he is neither a camel or a kangaroo. In the second verse, he has taken furnished lodgings, and wakes up in the night to see a stuffed hunting trophy above his bed; he is trying to decide whether the animal's head could be a bison, an okapi or a hartebeest, when he seems to hear a voice, asserting indignantly that it is a "g-nu, a-g-nother g-nu" and threatening to sue for its misidentification.

Recordings
Flanders and Swann first performed and recorded this song in their revue At the Drop of a Hat. It was released as a single on the Parlophone label in 1957 under the title "A Gnu", and produced by future Beatles producer George Martin.

Legacy
The jocular mispronunciation of "g-noo" in the song has led, through familiarity, to this becoming a widespread pronunciation of the word "gnu" in English.

Richard Stallman mentions "The Gnu" in connection with the naming of the GNU project in a 2002 interview.

In popular culture

 * The song is performed by a gnu and some British Whatnots in episode 519 of The Muppet Show (with guest Chris Langham).
 * John Lithgow has a recording of the song on his album Singin' in the Bathtub.
 * The song was the basis of the character Gary Gnu from The Great Space Coaster. Gary performed the song on one episode of the show.
 * The song was adapted (with changed lyrics) for a series of 1970s animated TV adverts for Typhoo tea, featuring an anthropomorphic gnu, with the tagline "For the tea that picks you up, pick up Typhoo".
 * Scottish-Australian rock singer Jimmy Barnes was inspired by this song to write and record a different song, "I'm a G'Nu", for his Och Aye the G'nu children's album.

title: The Gnu


text:
Brad Adkins

Brad Adkins (born 1973) is an American self-taught artist and curator. In 2002, Chas Bowie of The Portland Mercury declared Adkins "the poster boy of low-rent artwork.", Also in 2002,  D.K. Row of The Oregonian listed Adkins as one of ten "artists you don't know, but should." Matthew Stadler of Nest and Clear Cut Press calls Adkins "an orchestrator of the quotidian", "whose interventions turn the everyday into art."

Adkins individual, collaborative, and curatorial work has been presented at The Art Gym, Consolidated Works, Douglas F. Cooley Memorial Gallery, The Portland Art Museum, and PICA; and has been noted and featured in ARTnews, Artweek, Modern Painters, Punk Planet, and The Independent. His work is represented in Portland by PDX Contemporary Art. Between 2002 and 2004, Adkins curated a 5 x print gallery and a quarterly broadside for The Oregon Review of the Arts. In 2004, Marriage Records published BIG RED, an audio CD that documents an afternoon conversation between Adkins and Curtis Knapp (founder of Marriage Records) on the subjects of performance, imitation, and close-up magic.

Between 2001 and 2004, he collaborated with Christopher Buckingham on multi-disciplinary projects and exhibitions under the name Charm Bracelet.

He was born in Kalispell, Montana and resides in Portland, Oregon.

title: Brad Adkins