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Ormonde (horse)

Ormonde (1883–1904) was an undefeated English Thoroughbred racehorse who won the 1886 English Triple Crown and was labelled the 'horse of the century' at the time. He also won the St. James's Palace Stakes, Champion Stakes and the Hardwicke Stakes twice. Ormonde was trained at Kingsclere by John Porter for the 1st Duke of Westminster. His regular jockeys were Fred Archer and Tom Cannon. After retiring from racing he suffered fertility problems, but still sired Orme, who won the Eclipse Stakes twice.

Background
Ormonde was a bay colt, bred by Hugh Grosvenor, 1st Duke of Westminster and foaled in 1883 at Eaton Stud in Cheshire. Ormonde's sire was The Derby and Champion Stakes winner Bend Or, also bred by the Duke. Bend Or was a successful stallion, his progeny included Kendal, Ossory, Orbit, Orion, Orvieto, Bona Vista and Laveno.

Ormonde's dam was Doncaster Cup winner Lily Agnes. She was sired by another Derby winner, Macaroni. Lily Agnes began to experience problems with her lungs as a four-year-old, to the extent that jockey John Osborne said he could hear her approaching before he saw her. The problem did not interfere with her racing ability as she continued to win at four and five. She then became a top broodmare also foaling 1000 Guineas winner Farewell, Ormonde's full-brother Ossory and another full-brother Ornament, who produced the outstanding Sceptre, the only racehorse to win four British Classic Races outright.

Ormonde was born at half-past six in the evening of 18 March 1883. The Duke's stud-groom Richard Chapman stated that for several months after foaling, Ormonde was over at the knee. Chapman later said he had never before or since seen a horse with the characteristic so pronounced and that it had seemed impossible for him to ever grow straight. Ormonde did gradually grow out of the problem though and by the time he left the stud to go into training at Kingsclere, trainer John Porter told the Duke he was the best yearling the Duke had sent him. However, during the winter of 1884/85, Ormonde had trouble with his knees. The treatment he received for this held his training back considerably, with him only having easy cantering exercises until the summer of 1885.

Ormonde grew into a well-built horse standing with excellent bone and straight hocks. Porter later said his neck "was the most muscular I ever saw a Thoroughbred possess." He had an excellent shoulder and short powerful hindquarters that led some to call him a racing machine. When galloping, he held his head low and had a notably long stride. He had a kind temperament, healthy appetite and strong constitution. Porter stated the horse was fond of flowers and would even eat the boutonniere from the jacket of anyone within reach.

1885: Two-year-old season
Prior to his racecourse debut, Porter ran Ormonde in a trial against Kendal, Whipper-in and Whitefriar. Kendal, carrying one pound less, won the trial by a length from Ormonde. Kendal had already had a number of races by this point and Ormonde was nowhere near fully fit. By this point he stood 16 hands high and had a very muscular neck and strong back. Porter also noted that when extended, Ormonde had a very long stride. The Duke rode him in a couple of canters and remarked "I felt every moment that I was going to be shot over his head, his propelling power is so terrific."

As a two-year-old, Ormonde did not race until October when he won the Post Sweepstakes race at Newmarket. He started at 5/4 with the filly Modwena, who had won eight races out of ten that year, the 5/6 favourite. In the heavy going, Ormonde went on to win by a length from Modwena. Ormonde's next racecourse appearance came in the Criterion Stakes, again at Newmarket, where his opposition included Oberon and Mephisto. Starting at 4/6, Ormonde won easily by three lengths from Oberon, with Mephisto a distant third. He then started the Dewhurst Plate as the 4/11 favourite, ridden by Fred Archer. After an even start, Ormonde was positioned just behind the leader. As they neared the closing stages, Archer let Ormonde go and he quickly pulled away from the field to beat his stablemate, Whitefriar, easily by four lengths. The field also included Miss Jummy, who went on to win the 1000 Guineas and Epsom Oaks. These three victories earned him £3008. 1885 was considered to have had the best group of two-year-olds for many years.

1886: Three-year-old season
Going into the 1886 season, Ormonde was one of the favourites for the Derby. He was priced at 11/2, similar to Minting, Saraband and The Bard.

2000 Guineas
Ormonde started off his three-year-old campaign in the 2000 Guineas at Newmarket. The race was considered a clash between Ormonde, the unbeaten Middle Park winner Minting and Saraband. In a small field of six, Minting was sent off the 11/10 favourite, Saraband at 3/1 and Ormonde at 7/2. This time Ormonde was ridden by George Barrett, with Fred Archer riding Saraband. The horses ran almost in line in the early stages. Saraband began to struggle and was beaten with two furlongs to run. At this point Ormonde and Minting took over the lead from St. Mirin. Ormonde then went on to record as easy 2 length victory over Minting, with Mephisto a further 10 lengths back in third, who in turn was two lengths ahead of Saraband.

The Derby
After his Newmarket performance, Ormonde was the favourite for the Derby with Fred Archer back as his jockey. A small field of 9 went to post, with Ormonde the 40/85 favourite and his main opposition, The Bard, at 7/2 who. The Bard was also undefeated and had won many races as a two-year-old. The start was not even, with outsider Coracle almost 6 lengths clear of Ormonde, who was a similar distance clear of the rest. Ormonde and The Bard took over the lead at Tattenham corner and the two raced up the straight. The Bard got a neck in front, but when Archer asked Ormonde for an effort, he pulled in front to win by 1½ lengths from The Bard, with St. Mirin a further 10 lengths back in third.

Royal Ascot
At Royal Ascot against just two opponents, Ormonde lined up as the 3/100 favourite for the St. James's Palace Stakes. He won easily by ¾ length from Calais. Three days later he faced a stronger field in the Hardwicke Stakes including 1885 Derby and St Leger winner Melton. Ormonde, the 30/100 favourite, won easily again though, beating Melton by 2 lengths. He then had a break from the racecourse. After Ascot Ormonde was already as short as 1/2 for the St Leger.

Autumn
While Ormonde was galloping one morning shortly before the St Leger Stakes, Porter noticed him making a whistling noise. In spite of this infirmity, Ormonde started the final classic of the year as the 1/7 favourite. Ridden again by Archer, he pulled away half a mile out and won easily by 4 lengths from St. Mirin, without even being asked for an effort. The win made him the fourth winner of the English Triple Crown.

He next ran in the Great Foal Stakes at Newmarket, again winning easily by three lengths from Mephisto. He then won the Newmarket St Leger in a walkover and the Champion Stakes as the 1/100 favourite by a length from Oberon. Ormonde then entered a free handicap at Newmarket. Starting the 1/7 favourite and carrying 9 st 2 lb, he won by eight lengths from Mephisto, to whom he was conceding 28 lbs. At the same meeting he won a private sweepstakes in a walkover. The sweepstakes was an originally scheduled as a match race between Ormonde, The Bard, Melton and possibly Bendigo, the 1886 Eclipse winner. Bendigo was not nominated from the race in the end. The Bard and Melton were though and both forfeited £500 to Ormonde's connections. Throughout the end of the season, Ormonde's breathing had become progressively louder until he was labelled a roarer.

1887: Four-year-old season
Ormonde did not race until June 1887. His return was assisted by an experimental treatment involving "galvanic shocks" being applied daily to his chest and throat. His reappearance came at Royal Ascot in the Rous Memorial Stakes, where his opposition included Kilwarlin, who went on to win the season's St. Leger Stakes. Ormonde was conceding 25 pounds to Kilwarin and before the race Kilwarin's owner Captain Machell said to Porter, "The horse was never foaled that could give Kilwarin 25 pounds and beat him." After Fred Archer's suicide, Tom Cannon was now Ormonde's jockey. He led the race throughout and won easily by six lengths from Kilwarlin, with Agave a distant third. Upon seeing Captain Machell in the paddock after the race Porter said, "Well, what did you think of it now?" Machell replied, "Ormonde is not a horse at all; he's a damned steam-engine."

He raced again the next day in the Hardwicke Stakes, where he faced a strong field including Minting and Eclipse Stakes winner Bendigo. Minting's trainer Matt Dawson was confident that his horse could win this time due to Ormonde's breathing problems. As the four runners made their way to the starting post he remarked to Porter "You will be beaten today, John. No horse afflicted with Ormonde's infirmity can hope to beat Minting." Indeed, Porter himself admitted he was not overly confident of victory. During the race George Barrett, aboard Phil, impeded Ormonde and he was made to struggle for the first time in his career. During the closing stages, Ormonde and Minting battled with each other and Ormonde just came out on top, winning by a neck, with Bendigo in third.

In his final race, he won the 6 furlong Imperial Gold Cup at Newmarket. Starting at 30/100 he made all the running and won by two lengths from Whitefriar.

Ormonde was then retired as the most celebrated horse of his era. He was sent by train to Waterloo Station, then walked to Grosvenor House in Mayfair, where he was the guest of honor at a garden party to celebrate Queen Victoria's Golden Jubilee.

Assessment
Ormonde is generally considered one of the greatest racehorses ever. At the time he was often labelled as the 'horse of the century'. His achievements are even more impressive considering the strength of some of the other horses foaled in 1883. It is said that both Minting and The Bard were good enough to have won The Derby nine out of ten years. In early 1888 Minting, the horse Ormonde beat easily in the 2000 Guineas, was rated 15 pounds superior to the 1887 Derby winner Merry Hampton and the 1887 St Leger winner Kilwarlin.

Stud record
Ormonde went to the Duke of Westminster's Eaton Stud in 1888, where he sired seven foals from the sixteen mares he covered, including Goldfinch and Orme. In 1889, he was moved to Moulton Paddocks in Newmarket, but became sick and could only cover a few mares, with only one live foal produced in 1890. He was subsequently returned to Eaton Stud but his fertility never recovered. To the astonishment of many, Ormonde was then sold overseas. Both he and his dam were roarers, and the Duke felt this could weaken English bloodstock. Ormonde was sold to Senor Bocau of Argentina for £12,000, and then in 1893 to William O'Brien Macdonough, of California for £31,250. He stood at the Menlo Stock Farm in California for several years, where he sired 16 foals. including Futurity Stakes winner Ormondale.

English foals
c = colt, f = filly

Despite only siring eight horses in England, Ormonde had a significant impact at stud. Orme was the leading sire in Great Britain and Ireland when he sired another Triple Crown winner, Flying Fox, who went on to be a leading sire in France. Orme also sired Epsom Derby winner Orby and 1000 Guineas winner Witch Elm. Goldfinch sired 1000 Guineas winner Chelandry. After being sold and moving to California, Goldfinch sired Preakness Stakes winner Old England. In America, his son Ormondale went on to sire Jockey Club Gold Cup winner Purchase.

Ormonde died in 1904 at age 21 at Rancho Wikiup in Santa Rosa, California. His disarticulated skeleton/skull were later returned to the Natural History Museum in South Kensington, London. His male line survives mainly through Teddy, grandson of Flying Fox. Orby does still have a sire line as well.

Ormonde may have been the model for the fictional horse Silver Blaze in Arthur Conan Doyle's Sherlock Holmes short story "The Adventure of Silver Blaze" (1892).

Pedigree
''Note: b. = Bay, br. = Brown, ch. = Chestnut''

title: Ormonde (horse)


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User talk:ContinentalR

Welcome!
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license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User talk:ContinentalR


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User talk:Dashaness

Welcome!
Hello, Dashaness, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thanks for your contributions; I hope you like it here and decide to stay. We're glad to have you in our community! Here are a few good links for newcomers:

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Hello, I noticed that your article on Mahmoud Khayami is the same text as at. Did you have permission to use this text? If so, please make a note at Copyright problems. JPB 18:49, 2 August 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Dashaness


text:
Park Central, Birmingham

Park Central is a residential district situated in the south western area of Birmingham city centre (also known as Central Birmingham).

The area is formally known as Lee Bank, on which Park Central is located, had become run down over time and required redevelopment. As a result, Crest Nicholson decided to develop the area with new mid and high rise properties. Numerous 1960s residential buildings were demolished, including Haddon Tower which was destroyed on 23 July 2006. Construction began in late 2005 with the leveling of the land and, as of June 2016, 1,309 homes have been built and the construction of the final phase (known as the Lexington Quarter and consisting of 339 further units) is underway.

Park Central contains a mixture of houses and apartments, two parks; Sunset and Moonlit park designed by Crest Nicholson and their architects.

title: Park Central, Birmingham


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Ohio State Route 269

State Route 269 (SR 269) is a north–south state highway in the north central portion of the U.S. state of Ohio. Its southern terminus is at SR 4 on the Huron–Seneca county line nearly 7 mi south of Bellevue, and its northern terminus is at the entrance to East Harbor State Park near Marblehead.

History
SR 269 was first designated in 1928 albeit on a much shorter route than it runs today. The original 2 mi route served as a cutoff to the Sandusky Bay Bridge on SR 2 and SR 12 (modern-day U.S. Route 6). In 1935, the route was extended south to end in Castalia at SR 12 (now on a different route than it was in 1928) and SR 101. Two years later, SR 269 was extended much further south through Bellevue to its current southern terminus at SR 4. The extension of SR 296 to SR 4 lead to the deletion of SR 296 as SR 269 was routed along the latter's entire route between SR 4 and Bellevue.

The route was extended north c. 1969 after SR 2 was moved onto the new Thomas Edison Bridge over the Sandusky Bay. SR 269 utilized the old Bay Bridge and followed the former SR 240 to East Harbor State Park. Though the Bay Bridge was closed in 1985, SR 269 would still be officially designated on the approach routes until SR 269 was moved onto the SR 2 freeway, the Edison Bridge, and a former spur route of SR 269 by 1997.

title: Ohio State Route 269


text:
User talk:Hydroksyde

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title: User talk:Hydroksyde


text:
Xtabentún

Xtabentún can refer to:

 * Xtabentún (flower)
 * Xtabentún (liqueur)

title: Xtabentún


text:
Markham Valley

The Markham Valley is a geographical area in Papua New Guinea. The name "Markham" commemorates Sir Clements Markham, Secretary of the British Royal Geographical Society - Captain John Moresby of the Royal Navy named the Markham River after Sir Clements in the course of his voyage of exploration in HMS Basilisk in 1873. The valley contains two districts of Morobe Province: Huon Gulf district on the east and Markham district on the west. The inhabitants of the valley are of Oceanic (Austronesian) descent and live in large villages under a chieftain political system.

The valley is described as "Flatter than a pancake for miles and miles in all directions, until it runs into the mountains that surround it on three sides" and "always hot, and usually bone dry". The Highlands Highway runs through the valley. The Markham River runs through the valley. According to one visitor, about once a year, the local Papua New Guineans burn the dry grass.

The Markham Valley runs from the port city of Lae up to the junction of the Highlands Highway and the road to Madang. The Markham Valley is approximately 160 km long and gains approximately 500 m in elevation. The dominant land use in the valley is as cattle pasture, with some sugar-cane production and chicken farming.

In 1993, the valley was devastated by landslides and breached landslide dams caused by a series of earthquakes with the largest measuring 6.9 on the moment magnitude scale. Sixty people lost their lives in the disaster.

title: Markham Valley


text:
User talk:Duffman7p

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WikiProject Ice Hockey August 2007 Newsletter
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Parktown

Parktown is a wealthy suburb of Johannesburg, South Africa, and is the first suburb north of the inner city (both chronologically and geographically). It is affectionately known as one of the Parks, others including Parkview, Parkwood, Westcliff, Parktown North, Parkhurst and Forest Town. Parktown is one of Johannesburg's largest suburbs, neighbouring Hillbrow, Braamfontein and Milpark to the South; Berea and Houghton to the East; Killarney and Forest Town to the North, and Westcliff, Melville and Richmond to the West. Originally established by the Randlords in the 1890s, Parktown is now home to many businesses, hospitals, schools, churches and restaurants, whilst still maintaining quiet residential areas. It is also home to three of the five campuses of the University of the Witwatersrand including the education campus, medical school and Wits Business School. It is located in Region F of the City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality.

History
In 1890 Edouard Lippert bought a substantial tract of the Braamfontein Farm. He rebuilt the farm house located on a ridge and named it Marienhof after his wife, Marie. The ridge overlooked a massive plain and on this he planted the Sachsenwald Forest to supply the needs of the mines and fast developing city. He saw the promise that the ridge had for development as a township and partitioned the land into plots. In 1892, Lady Florence Phillips rode north from the dusty mining town of early Johannesburg and found the ridge. The view extended from Sachsenwald forest in the West to the Magaliesberg mountains and Pretoria in the North. She persuaded her husband to build a house there and Frank Emley was commissioned to build their mansion, Hohenheim. Parktown quickly became the new elite suburb. Soon, many wealthy entrepreneurs (see Randlord) were building mansions along the ridge, and showing off their newfound affluence with parties, croquet on the lawns, and lavish dinners.

Parktown was where many conspirators of the Jameson Raid against the South African Republic were based. Today the suburb is home to many Victorian and Edwardian homes, and a number of designs by Sir Herbert Baker.

In the late 1960s, 56 of the stately homes were demolished to make way for the Johannesburg College of Education (now Wits Education Campus). In 1975 many more were demolished and properties reduced for the construction of the M1 motorway, a major artery running north to south through the center of the northern suburbs of Johannesburg.

Parktown West
Parktown West is the section of Parktown, West of Jan Smuts Avenue. It is almost entirely residential and famous for its beautiful avenues lined with Jacaranda and Plane trees, also known as the 'itchy ball tree'. Commerce is only permitted along the Western side of Jan Smuts Avenue. Parktown West was being developed as early as 1903 with significant increase in popularity in the 1920s and 1930s.

Architecture
In addition to Sir Herbert Baker, many other architects were influential in building this historical suburb, including Bertram Richard Avery, Frank Emley, James Cope Christie, Francis Fleming and Charles Aburrow. Baker's Parktown houses drew influences from the Cape Dutch revival style, which he had mastered in the Cape and combined this with stone work using "koppie stone" which was quarried in the area, often from the grounds of the houses that he built. James Cope Christie's style is eclectic drawing strong influences from Victorian styles and Art Nouveau. Charles Aburrow's designs were strongly Victorian whilst Bertram Richard Avery and Frank Emley favoured the Edwardian style.

Economy
Parktown also has a business district with a number of office blocks and commercial ventures. Transnet Freight Rail (previously Spoornet) has its head office in the Inyanda House in Parktown.

Mansions
The Parktown Mansions tell many stories of the history of Johannesburg as they were the homes of some of the most influential residents of the early city. Whilst there are a number of mansions still standing in present day Parktown, a vast majority were destroyed during the late 1960s and 1970s to facilitate the construction of the M1 motorway and the increasing popularity of Parktown as a business district.

Remaining Baker mansions in Parktown include Northwards, Villa Arcadia, Bishopskop, The Stonehouse and Brenthurst. Other important mansions include Dolobran designed by J.A. Cope Christie and North Lodge designed by J.H. Aldwyncle.

List of schools

 * Parktown Boys' High School School built 1922 designed by P W D (Cleland),
 * Deutsche Schule Johannesburg opened in Hillbrow in 1890 moved to Parktown in 1969,
 * Helpmekaar Kollege, Johannesburg's first Afrikaanse school built 1921,
 * The Key School, A school dedicated to the education of autistic children,
 * Holy Family College (Parktown Convent) built 1905 James F. Beardwood,
 * Rand Meisieskool
 * Roedean School built 1903 designed Baker and Masey.
 *  The National School of the Arts
 *  John Orr Technical High School
 *  Roseneath Primary School

List of hospitals and clinics

 * Brenthurst Clinic
 * Donald Gordon Medical Centre
 * Johannesburg General Hospital
 * Milpark Hospital
 * Parklane Clinic

Notable residents

 * Sir Herbert Baker - Renowned architect throughout the Commonwealth
 * Sir Thomas Cullinan - Diamond magnate and master builder
 * Colonel John Dale Lace - Mining magnate and Randlord
 * James Percy FitzPatrick - Author and mining financier
 * Bruce Fordyce - 9 times Comrades Marathon winner
 * Nadine Gordimer - Political activist, novelist and Nobel Prize laureate
 * Taubie Kushlick - Actress
 * Sarah Gertrude Millin - Author
 * Alfred Milner, 1st Viscount Milner - Colonial administrator
 * Sir Ernest Oppenheimer - Founder of Anglo American
 * Harry Oppenheimer - Chairman of Anglo American and De Beers for 25 and 27 years respectively
 * Nicky Oppenheimer - Son of Harry Oppenheimer and family
 * Dorothea Sarah Florence Alexandra, Lady Phillips - Art patron
 * Sir Lionel Phillips, 1st Baronet - Randlord and philanthropist
 * Rabbi Louis Isaac Rabinowitz - Chief Rabbi in Johannesburg
 * Ernest Willmot Sloper - Architect, stone mason and partner in "Baker, Masey and Sloper"
 * Jane Taylor - Playwright

Arts and culture
Modern-day Parktown and its surrounds form a centre of Arts and Culture in Johannesburg. The Linder Auditorium, located on the Wits Education Campus is home to the Johannesburg Philharmonic Orchestra, Johannesburg's only full-time professional orchestra. Just next door, the Williams Block houses the Johannesburg Youth Orchestra Company. The Johannesburg Children's Theatre is across the Road from the Education Campus, housed in two Parktown mansions and the South African Ballet Theatre and South African Youth Ballet are a few blocks away in Braamfontein on the Johannesburg Theatre's property.

Places of worship and gathering
Parktown is also home to a diverse range of churches including a Dutch Reformed church, a beautiful 1904 Baker and Masey Anglican church, St. Georges, and the Temple of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Temple Emanuel, one of Johannesburg's last remaining Jewish Reform synagogues, is also located in Parktown.

The Johannesburg Freemasons' Hall, home to many of Johannesburg oldest masonic lodges, is also in Parktown.

title: Parktown


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Talk:Chembur

Untitled
I wonder who contributed this article? Is there a page on OLPS? Well, I'm about to find out.

Possible additions
Npindia 01:35, 12 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Golf Club.
 * R. K. Studio details
 * HP Nagar was known as Esso Colony earlier. Chembur-Mahul Road history and connection with pollution.
 * Connection to Deonar, where lots of demonstration take place
 * Shopping malls (Akbarally's ?)
 * Cinema houses Vijay(?), Sahakar
 * Bus routes
 * Colleges and schools
 * Development of Tilak Nagar and Pestom Sagar area from Chembur
 * History of Glass Factory bus stop going towards Ghatkopar

CHEMBUR
why is the details of chembur not as deep as that of other suburbs ????? for eg see the details of bandra Ans: Please visit www.chembur.net A fantastic website,here you will get Everything about chembur

To-Do
Deleted. Prad2609 (talk) 12:25, 17 December 2008 (UTC)Pradeep

Deleted Prad2609 (talk) 12:12, 25 May 2009 (UTC) Pradeep

complete modification
ppl i modified chembur page completely. pls give comments politely so that i can remove the anamolies.

mumbaikar (talk) —Preceding undated comment was added on 11:50, 18 February 2009 (UTC).

hi. Thanks. I have further updated and refined the article. We still need to refine the section under history and put in Gazetteer or scholarly references. Prad2609 (talk) 16:42, 26 May 2009 (UTC) Pradeep

Geographical Location
The geographical location of Chembur needs to be better defined. Currently, the location is same as the M ward description which includes the suburbs of Mankhurd, Govandi and Deonar. Prad2609 (talk) 12:29, 25 May 2009 (UTC) Pradeep

Removed List of Famous People from Chembur
The article on Chembur contained a list of famous people from Chembur, reproduced here for reference with links removed:

 * Thomas Varghese - Silicon Valley Entrepreneur/Angel Investor
 * Vithal Narayan Purao Freedom Fighter
 * P.L. Lokhande
 * Arman Kohli - Bollywood Actor
 * Uday Maan Singh Gandoak - Best Golfer of BPGC
 * Nishi Kohli
 * Trilok Kapoor
 * Om Prakash Bakshi - Bollywood Actor
 * Narayan Rane - Former Chief Minister of Maharashtra
 * Abey Kuruvilla - Ex-cricketer
 * Chandrakant Pandit- Ex-cricketer
 * Shankar Mahadevan - Musician, Singer, Composer
 * Anil Kapoor - Bollywood Actor
 * Boney Kapoor - Bollywood Producer
 * Sanjay Kapoor - Bollywood Actor
 * Aditya Pancholi - Bollywood Actor
 * Shilpa Shetty - Bollywood Actress
 * Shamita Shetty - Bollywood Actress
 * Sumit Saigal - Bollywood Actor
 * Sanjay Sharma - Bollywood Actor/Model
 * Malaika Arora - Bollywood Actress
 * Amrita Arora - Bollywood Actress
 * Vidya Balan - Bollywood Actress
 * Ganesh Kumar - Namsankirtan Exponent
 * Ayesha Takia- Bollywood Actress
 * Ashok Kumar - Bollywood Actor
 * The Kapoor Family - Raj Kapoor, Shammi Kapoor, Rishi Kapoor, Randhir Kapoor, Rajiv Kapoor
 * Karsan Gavri - Ex-cricketer
 * Balwinder Singh Sandhu - Ex-cricketer
 * Lalita Pawar – Yesteryear Actress
 * Nutan - Yesteryear Actress
 * Dhumal - Yesteryear actor (well known in Marathi and Hindi film circles)
 * Kim Singh - Prominent Businessman (Was awarded medal of honor by President Bill Clinton)
 * Shreya Ghoshal - Playback Singer
 * Nalini Jayawant - Bollywood actress of yesteryears
 * Ramesh Saigal - Bollywood producer and director of yesteryears
 * Samith Arasa - Gold Medalist Open Fight, District Level.
 * Dr. Sarto Esteves - Author and Freelance Writer — Preceding unsigned comment added by 182.57.66.122 (talk) 05:45, 7 November 2016 (UTC)

The revision was undone by an unidentified IP address: 99.33.31.103 on December 20, 2010. I have removed again this listing on December 22, 2010.

The list contained names of people whose fame was of questionable nature to be included in a Wikipedia article. Also it was debatable if these persons were from Chembur since their area of residence falls in present-day nearby neighbourhoods of Deonar, Govandi and Mankhurd etc. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Prad2609 (talk • contribs) 07:54, 22 December 2010 (UTC)

January 2011 Review
Review per request by User:Prad2609 who is one of the major contributors to the article on my talk page 1.

 * References - Toponymy, Transportation, Economy and Recreation have no references. There are more 14k+ results for Chembur using Google Book Search - it should not be that difficult to get more information or references on the topic (refer 2).

or be used for all references. For more refer to 3.
 * The refs that are present are haphazard - may I suggest that the following formats be used for refs

 * The article has been tagged for copy edit requirement - certainly needs looking into

 * Photographs required. You may want to get some images from flickr (if they are under CC, Attribution or PD license) or request for the area to be covered under the Wikipedia Photowalks (I understand Mumbai has had one recently).

 * The lede needs expansion

At the moment I think the Start-class tag still applies, a lot of work still needs to be done. You may want to add information on infrastructure, geography, demographics etc - suggest read up of similar subject articles with GA or FA status such as Manhattan. Hope this helps (my first review so apologies for missing anything!). Cheers, Around The Globe  सत्यमेव जयते 09:31, 31 January 2011 (UTC)

 * I am here on the request of User:AroundTheGlobe, who pinged me. I must say it is a very good review, which concentrates on the solutions, rather than just the problems. -- Redtigerxyz Talk 15:40, 31 January 2011 (UTC)

Schools and Educational Institutes
A list was created of schools and educational institutes in Chembur.

Schools and Educational Institutes

 * General Education Academy
 * Holy Family High School
 * Aamchi Shaala
 * Saraswati Mahavidyalaya
 * Adarsha Vidyalaya
 * Our Lady of Perpetual Succour High School - Chembur
 * Lokmanya Tilak High School
 * Chembur Karnatak High School
 * Narayan Guru High School

This is an encyclopedic entry and not a listing.

External links modified
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External links modified
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20160317051428/http://www.radiusprojectchembur.com:80/ to http://www.radiusprojectchembur.com/

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Coordinate error
The following coordinate fixes are needed for

—27.97.33.2 (talk) 12:08, 14 March 2017 (UTC)
 * You haven't explained in what way you think the coordinates are erroneous. I've changed them somewhat; but if you still think there is an error, you will need to give a clear explanation of the problem. Deor (talk) 16:56, 14 March 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Chembur


text:
User talk:Risnuff

Welcome!
Hello, Risnuff, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thanks for your contributions; I hope you like it here and decide to stay. We're glad to have you in our community! Here are a few good links for newcomers:

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Happy editing!

-- Sango  123  03:04, July 17, 2005 (UTC)

P.S. Feel free to leave a message on my talk page if you need help with anything or simply wish to say hello. :)

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title: User talk:Risnuff


text:
User:MN

Radiologist by day. Computer geek by night.

title: User:MN


text:
Choi (Korean surname)

Choi is a Korean family surname. As of the South Korean census of 2015, there were around 2.3 million people by this name in South Korea or roughly 4.7% of the population. In English-speaking countries, it is most often anglicized as Choi, and sometimes also Chey, Choe or Chwe. Ethnic Koreans in the former USSR prefer the form Tsoi (Tsoy) especially as a transcription of the Cyrillic Цой.

Origin

 * According to Samguk Sagi, the Gyeongju clan originates from chief Sobeoldori (소벌도리, 蘇伐都利) of Goheochon (고허촌, 高墟村), one of six villages that united to found Silla; The Gyeongju clan traces their origin back to Choi Chiwon (857–10th century), a noted Korean scholar, philosopher, and poet of the late Unified Silla period (668–935).
 * One theory of origin suggests that Haeju clan's progenitor Ch'oe Ch'ung (984–1068) was given the surname 崔 during the reign of Goryeo king Mokjong.
 * The progenitor of the Chungju clan is General Choi Seung (최승, 崔陞), also known as Choi Woo (최우, 崔偶), of Silla (known as Cui Sheng in the Tang dynasty)
 * The progenitor of the Nangju clan is Choi Heun (최흔, 崔昕) of Silla who was a native of Yeongam (Nangju) of the southern Jeolla region.
 * Choi Ri (최리, 崔理), who was known as the leader of the Kingdom of Nakrang

Clans
There are roughly 160 clans of Chois. Most of these are quite small. However, Choi is the 4th most common surname in Korea. The largest by far is the Gyeongju Choi clan, with a 2000 South Korean population of 976,820. The Gyeongju Choe claim the Silla scholar Ch'oe Ch'i-wŏn as their founder.

 * Gyeongju clan – Ch'oe Ch'i-wŏn
 * Jeonju clan – Choe Bu
 * Dongju clan
 * Haeju clan – Choe Chung
 * Saknyeong clan – Choe Hang, Choi Byung Ju (founding member modern era Korean Supreme Court)
 * Gangneung clan
 * Hwasun clan
 * Ganghwa clan
 * Yeongcheon clan
 * Tamjin clan
 * Ubong clan
 * Suwaon clan
 * Yeongheung clan
 * Suseong clan
 * Chungju Choe clan
 * Goesan clan – Choe Sejin
 * Heunghae clan
 * Yeongam clan
 * Taein clan

Etymology and Pronunciation
Choi is written with the Hanja character 崔, meaning "a governor who oversees the land and the mountain".

In Korean, 최 is usually pronounced "Chwe" or “Chey” except by some older speakers who pronounce it  (this vowel sound is similar to the German ö [ø]). In English, it is most often pronounced "Choy", which sounds clearly different to its proper pronunciation but some go by “Chey”.

Prominent people of the past

 * Ch'oe Ch'ung-hŏn (1149–1219), military dictator of the Goryeo period
 * Ch'oe U (1166–1249), military dictator of the Goryeo period
 * Ch'oe Mu-sŏn (1330–1395), Korean scientist, inventor, and military commander
 * Ch'oe Yŏng (1316–1388), military general of the Goryeo period
 * Ch'oe Ch'i-wŏn (859–?), Korean philosopher during the Silla dynasty
 * Choe Han-gi (1803–1877), Korean Confucian scholar and philosopher
 * Choe Je-u (1824–1864), founder of the Donghak movement
 * Choe Man-ri (???–1445), associate professor and early critic of hangul
 * Choe Sejin (1465–1542), Korean linguist
 * Royal Noble Consort Sukbin Choe (1670–1718), royal consort
 * Choe Yeong-kyeong (1529–1590), scholar-official of the Joseon period

General

 * Dan Choi (born 1981), American LGBT rights activist and former infantry officer
 * Choi Gee-sung (born 1951), South Korean businessman
 * Hamid Choi, South Korean translator and professor
 * Choi Hong-hi, South Korean general and martial artist
 * Jay Pil Choi, American economist
 * Choe Jun (1884–1970), businessman and philanthropist
 * Choe Nam-seon (1890–1957), Korean historian and independence activist
 * Sophia Choi (born 1971), American news broadcaster
 * Choi Tae-min (1912–1994), South Korean cult leader
 * Chey Tae-won (born 1960), South Korean business magnate
 * Choi Wonshik, South Korean optical physicist

Politicians

 * Choe Kwang (1918– 1997), North Korean general and politician
 * Choi Kyoung-hwan (born 1955), South Korean politician
 * Choi Kyu-hah (1919–2006), South Korean politician
 * Steven Choi (born 1944), American politician
 * Choe Ryong-hae (born 1950), North Korean politician and military officer
 * Sergey Tsoy (born 1957), Russian politician and executive

General

 * David Choe (born 1976), American artist
 * Choe Yong-gon (official) (1900-1976), North Korean official and politician
 * Choi Han, South Korean voice actor
 * Choi Hye-seon (born 1998), South Korean model
 * Kristy Choi, Korean-American filmmaker
 * Choi Seong-woo (born 1954), South Korean voice actress
 * Sharon Choi (born c. 1994), South Korean interpreter and film director
 * Choi Soo-jin, South Korean voice actress
 * Susan Choi (born 1969), American novelist
 * Choi Won-hyeong (born 1968), South Korean voice actor

Actors and actresses

 * Choi Bool-am (born 1940), South Korean retired actor and professor
 * Choi Cheol-ho (born 1970), South Korean actor
 * Choi Dae-chul (born 1978), South Korean actor
 * Choi Deok-moon (born 1970), South Korean actor
 * Choi Eun-hee (1926–2018), South Korean actress
 * Choi Go (born 2012), South Korean actor and model
 * Choi Gwi-hwa (born 1978), South Korean actor
 * Choi Han-bit (born 1987), South Korean model and actress
 * Choi Hee-jin (born 1996), South Korean actress
 * Choi Hee-seo (born 1986), South Korean actress
 * Choi Hyun-wook (born 2002), South Korean actor
 * Choi Ji-woo (born 1975), South Korean actress
 * Choi Jin-sil (1968–2008), South Korean actress
 * Choi Jung-yoon (born 1977), South Korean actress
 * Choi Jung-won (born 1969), South Korean actress
 * Choi Jung-won (born 1981), South Korean actress
 * Choi Kang-hee (born 1977), South Korean actress and radio DJ
 * Kenneth Choi (born 1971), American actor
 * Choi Kwon-soo (born 2004), South Korean actor
 * Choi Kyu-jin (born 1996), South Korean actor
 * Choi Min-sik (born 1962), South Korean actor
 * Choi Ri (born 1995), South Korean actress
 * Choi Sung-eun (born 1996), South Korean actress
 * Choi Sung-kook (born 1970), South Korean actor
 * Choi Tae-hwan (born 1989), South Korean actor
 * Choi Won-hong (born 2000), South Korean actor
 * Choi Woo-hyuk (born 1985), South Korean actor
 * Choi Woo-hyuk (born 1997), South Korean actor
 * Choi Won-myeong (born 1994), South Korean actor and model
 * Choi Woo-shik (born 1990), Korean-Canadian actor
 * Choi Won-young (born 1976), South Korean actor
 * Choi Young-joon (born 1980), South Korean actor and singer

Musicians

 * Choi Bo-min (born 2000), South Korean actor and singer
 * Dasuri Choi (born 1988), South Korean dancer and entertainer
 * David Choi (born 1986), American musician
 * Seven (born Choi Dong-wook, 1984), South Korean singer
 * G.NA (born Gina Jane Choi, 1987), Korean-Canadian singer and actress
 * Wheesung (born Choi Hwee-sung, 1982), South Korean singer
 * Hyojung (born Choi Hyo-jung, 1994), South Korean singer
 * Choi Hyun-suk (born 1999), South Korean rapper
 * Jennifer Choi, Korean-American violinist
 * Jenny Choi, American singer and cellist
 * Lia (born Choi Ji-su, 2000), South Korean singer
 * Sulli (born Choi Jin-ri, 1994–2019), South Korean singer and actress
 * Choi Jong-hoon (born 1990), South Korean musician
 * Changjo (born Choi Jong-hyun, 1995), South Korean singer
 * Zelo (born Choi Jun-hong, 1996), South Korean singer
 * Choi Jung-in (born 1980), South Korean singer
 * Choi Jung-won (born 1981), South Korean singer
 * Ren (born Choi Min-gi, 1995), South Korean actor and singer
 * Choi Min-ho (born 1991), South Korean rapper and singer
 * Choi Min-hwan (born 1992), South Korean singer and drummer
 * S.Coups (born Choi Seung-cheol, 1995), South Korean rapper and singer
 * Vernon (born Chwe Han-sol, 1998), South Korean rapper and singer
 * T.O.P (born Choi Seung-hyun, 1987), South Korean rapper and actor
 * Choi Si-won (born 1986), South Korean singer and actor
 * Choi Soo-young (born 1990), South Korean singer and actress
 * Bada (born Choi Sung-hee, 1980), South Korean singer and musical theatre actress
 * Choi Sung-min (born 1995), South Korean singer
 * Choi Ye-na (born 1999), South Korean singer
 * Arin (born Choi Ye-won, 1999), South Korean singer
 * Choi Yoo-jung (born 1999), South Korean singer
 * Choi Young-jae (born 1996), South Korean singer and actor
 * Choi Yu-jin (born 1996), South Korean singer and actress
 * Yuju (born Choi Yu-na, 1997), South Korean singer
 * Cui Jian (born 1961), Chinese singer-songwriter and musician
 * Viktor Tsoi (1962–1990), Soviet singer-songwriter and actor
 * Anita Tsoy (born 1971), Russian singer-songwriter

Sports

 * Yuhui Choe (born 1986), Japanese-born Korean ballet dancer
 * Choi Cheol-han, South Korean professional Go player
 * Choe Chol-su (born 1969), North Korean boxer
 * Choi Da-bin (born 2000), South Korean figure skater
 * Choi Eun-kyung (field hockey) (born 1971), South Korean former field hockey player
 * Choi Eun-kyung (born 1984), South Korean short track speed skater
 * Hee-seop Choi (born 1979), South Korean former professional baseball player
 * Hongman Choi (born 1980), South Korean kickboxer and mixed martial artist
 * Ji-man Choi (born 1991), South Korean professional baseball player
 * Choi Jin-cheul (born 1971), South Korean football manager and former player
 * Choi Jung-won (speed skater) (born 1990), South Korean short track speed skater
 * Choi Kwang-jo (born 1942), South Korean martial artist
 * K. J. Choi (born Choi Kyung-Ju, 1970), South Korean professional golfer
 * Choi Mi-sun (born 1966), South Korean recurve archer
 * Choe Myong-ho (born 1988), North Korean footballer
 * Choi Myung-hoon (born 1975), South Korean professional Go player
 * Choi Na-yeon (born 1987), South Korean professional golfer
 * Choi Soon-ho (born 1962), South Korean football manager and former player
 * Choe Song-hyok (born 1998), North Korean footballer
 * Choi Sung-kuk (born 1983), South Korean former footballer
 * Choi Sung-yong (born 1975), South Korean former footballer
 * Choi Tae-uk (born 1981), South Korean former footballer
 * Choi Won-jong (born 1978), South Korean archer
 * Choi Won-kwon (born 1981), South Korean former footballer
 * Mas Oyama (born Choi Yeong-eui, 1923–1994), South Korean karate master
 * iloveoov (born Choi Yeon-sung, c. 1983), South Korean retired professional StarCraft player
 * Choi Yong-soo (boxer) (1972), South Korean retired boxer
 * Choi Yong-soo (born 1973), South Korean footballer
 * Choi Yong-sool (1904–1986), South Korean martial artist
 * Choi Yu-jin (figure skater) (born 2000), South Korean figure skater
 * Choi Yun-kyum (born 1962), South Korean football manager

title: Choi (Korean surname)


text:
Ordos City

Ordos, also known as Ih Ju, is one of the twelve major subdivisions of Inner Mongolia, China. It lies within the Ordos Plateau of the Yellow River. Although mainly rural, Ordos is administered as a prefecture-level city. Its population was 2,153,638 as of the 2020 census, and its built-up (or metro) area made up of Ejin Horo Banner and Kangbashi District was home to 366,779 inhabitants, as Dongsheng District (574,442 inhabitants) is not a conurbation yet.

Ordos is known for its recently undertaken large scale government projects including most prominently the new Kangbashi District, an urban district planned as a massive civic mall with abundant monuments, cultural institutions and other showpiece architecture. It was the venue for the 2012 Miss World Final.

When it was newly built, the streets of the new Kangbashi district did not have much activity, and the district was frequently described as a "ghost city" by several Western media outlets. However in 2017, writing in a Forbes article, Wade Shepard said that it became increasingly difficult to apply this label as the city's population had surged to 153,000, which was an increase from 30,000 in 2009.

Etymology
The area was known as the Ih Ju League, also spelled Ikh Juu, from 1649 to 2001. It was redesignated a prefecture-level city and renamed to Ordos on 26 February 2001. "Ordos" means "palaces" in the Mongolian language. "Ordos" originally referred to a tribe belonging to the Yeke Juu (Ike Chao ‘great monastery’, i.e. Ih Ju or Guanghui Monastery) league and later included the tribe's area, hence the Ordos, or Ordus, the area within the big bend of the Yellow River. Mongolian ordu(n), ord ‘court, residence of a ruler; palace; camp’, also for 'camp bodyguards'. According to Ramstedt -s is a plural suffix; further: ordu, orda; Turkic orta ‘a center’; Mongolian > Turkish orda ‘camp’ > Hindustani urdū > English "horde." The name is sometimes claimed to be related to the eight white yurts of Genghis Khan. Linguistically, the Ordos dialect of Mongolian is quite different from neighboring Chakhar Mongolian.

Prehistoric civilization
At the southern end of the Ordos grassland, there is a river originating from Dingbian County in northwestern Shaanxi, flowing through the Otog Banner and Uxin Banner in Inner Mongolia, and then flowing from the east of Batuwan Village into the territory of northern Shanxi, after converging with Xiangshui River. It flows into the Wuding River, a tributary of the Yellow River, to the southeast. In the loose Mu Us desert, a U-shaped river valley is washed out. This river is known as the Sarawusu River. Sara Wusu in Mongolian means "thick yellow stream" after the eponymous perennially yellow-colored local river; on both sides of the river is covered with swaying red willows, so people also call this river "Hongliu River". In 1923, French Jesuit Émile Licent first discovered a fossil of the Hetao people here. Since then, Chinese archaeologists have visited the site many times. The site is known today as part of the Shuidonggou site complex. A large number of cultural relics have been excavated from this site, some reportedly dating back as far as 100,000 years; however, the chronology of the site remains debated. The material culture created by the Hetao people is now called "Salawusu" or "Shuidonggou" culture. After a comprehensive analysis of geology, animal fossils and stone tools, this culture was identified as the late Paleolithic culture.

Hetao civilization is the product of the integration of grassland culture and Yellow River civilization. Its long-term development and complex transmutation process, especially the relationship with Urad and Ordos Mongolian culture, also illustrates the relationship between Hetao civilization and Yellow River civilization. Hetao culture is one of the important components of the mainstream culture of the northern grasslands. In the grassland culture, the Hetao culture is both a source and a stream. As a source, Hetao culture has a historical accumulation of symbiosis with the northern grassland culture. As a stream, it is different from the Mongolian classic culture in the eastern part of Inner Mongolia, such as Hongshan culture and Khorchin Mongols culture. It has its unique development trend. In the origin of grassland culture, it is a source of the late Paleolithic period, which originated from the prosperity of ancient ethnic minorities. It was formed in the Qin, Han, Ming and Qing dynasties, and it is a cultural system of modern and contemporary civilization. It is an independent unit culture circle of grassland culture and a complete regional cultural system, which plays an important role in the composition of grassland culture.

Ancient history
Before the Zhou dynasty, it was a nomadic area such as the Guifang and Lin Hu. In the Warring States Period, it was the Yunzhong County of the state of Zhao, and later belonged to the state of Qin. At the beginning of the Han dynasty, it was the front line of the Han–Xiongnu War. Emperor Wu of Han set up Shuofang County here. When Emperor Xuan of Han called the Huxie Chanyu to come, he became the residence of the Southern Xiongnu. Later, Hu Han lived in harmony, and the uprising of the Five Barbarians broke out in the Western Jin dynasty. Sixteen Kingdoms were the pre-Qin and post-Qin territory. The Northern dynasties belonged to the Northern Wei dynasty, the Western Wei dynasty, and the Northern Zhou dynasty. In the Sui and Tang dynasties, they were all territories. In the Tang dynasty, they were placed in the party, and the famous General Guo Ziyi once held this position. During the Anshi Rebellion, Emperor Suzong of Tang fled to this place.

Qin Zhidao and Qifang County
Qin Zhidao was an important military road for Qin Shihuang to be supervised by Meng Tian from 212 BC to 210 BC. Qinzhidao starts from Yunyang Linguang Palace in the Xianyang military site, and goes to Jiuyuan County in the north. Qinzhidao passes through Ordos City, three Banners and one district, the Qinzhidao site protection unit is established in Ordos City. One of the northern border counties of the Han dynasty, the Sufang County was set up in the Western Han dynasty. In 127 BC (Yuanshou two years), Emperor Wu sent Wei Qing and Li Xi to send troops to attack the Xiongnu. Soldiers from Yunzhong County, west of Gaochun, and then westward to Fuli (now northern Gansu), regained the Hetao. The jurisdiction of the original Qin dynasty (commonly known as "New Qinzhong"), and the Sufang County in the south of the Yin Mountain, has been identified in the northwestern part of the current Otog Banner.

Tongwan City
Tongwan City is located at the junction of Ordos City and Jingbian, Shaanxi Province. It was the capital of the Daxia Kingdom during the Northern dynasties and Sixteen Kingdoms 1500 years ago, In 407 AD, the Xiongnu leader Helian Bobo called himself “Tianwang, Great Chan Yu, occupied and located in the desert. The first year of Helian Bobo's kingdom called "Fengxiang", the 100,000 people of all ethnic groups, used the "steaming dust to build the city" method to build the capital in the south of the black water in the north of the SuFang (now Hongliu River). The city was built in 7 years. The city is 25 meters thick, with a height of 23.33 meters and a width of 11.16 meters.

Eight White Palaces
The legend says that when Genghis Khan passed through the present-day Ordos area on his way to conquer the Western Xia Kingdom, he accidentally dropped his whip. Genghis Khan proclaimed on the spot that the water is good and grass is rich here, and he would like to be buried here. In August 1227, Genghis Khan died while waging campaign against the Tangut people of Western Xia. Ögedei Khan placed the relics of Genghis Khan in eight white felt tents for worship, collectively known as the Eight White Palaces. When the time came to Kublai Khan, he stipulated the ceremonies and ritual rules of the Eight White Palaces, and promulgated the sacred ceremonies. He held sacrifices throughout the year and became a great sacrifice for the Mongol Empire.The Eight White Palaces is a movable hall and a symbol of the power of the Genghis Khan gold family.

Six Banner's League
In the sixth year of Qing Shunzhi (AD 1649), the Qing dynasty divided the Mongolian Ordos tribe into six Banners: the Ordos left-wing middle Banner (formerly the county king Banner), Ordos Left-wing front Banner (now Jungar Banner), the Ordos left-wing Banner (now the Dalat Banner), Ordos right-wing middle Banner (now Otog Banner), Ordos right-wing front Banner (now Uxin Banner), Ordos right wing Banner (now Hanggin), later, the addition of Ordos right wing before the Banner (formerly Zhasak Banner). Later, the Ordos' Six Banners have allied at Wang Ai Zhao, and named the Ikezhao League(Former name of Ordos city).

The Qing dynasty was an important period in the history of China's population development. At the beginning of the Qing dynasty, through the restoration and development of Kangxi, YongZheng, and Qianlong, three emperors, the population of the Qianlong dynasty broke through the 300 million mark. The contradiction between people and land is sharp, and a large number of the poor in the Mainland are forced by life pressure. They migrated to the West(Ordos), the Guandong, and the Nanyang(South sea and island of China). "Zou Xi Kou" means that thousands of people from Shanxi, Shaanxi and other places have migrated to Ordos, Guihua(Hohhot), Tumut, and Chahar since the Qing dynasty. "Zou Xi Kou" changed Mongolia's social structure, economic structure and way of life. Shanxi people account for a relatively high proportion of immigrants, bringing Shanxi's Jin culture to the central and western regions of Inner Mongolia.

Modern
After the Republic of China, the special zone of Suiyuan was established, and later it was changed to Suiyuan Province, and Ikezhao League was established. After the Lugou Bridge Incident in 1937, Japan occupied most of northern China. In 1938, Inner Mongolia Bailing Temple, Guisui, Baotou and other places were successively lost. After the Japanese invaders occupied Baotou, they went to Ordos to coerce the princes of all ethnic groups and moved the eight white rooms of Genghis Khan to Baotou. At that time, the Iqzhao League leader Shagdur Zab and the flag princes vowed never to move east. Because the Genghis Khan eight white room is the god of all Mongolian beliefs. At that time, the situation was forced, but in desperation, the eight white room had to move west to the Xinglong Mountain in Gansu. On 9 June 1939, the Eight White Room embarked on a long road to the west. On 21 June, the Eight White Room passed through Yan'an, and the Chinese Communist Party presented a wreath to the bier. On the couplet of the mourning hall, the two major ethnic groups of Mongolia and Han are more closely united, inheriting the spirit of Genghis Khan and fighting against the war, and the banner is the world giant. On 25 June, the Eight White Room arrived in Xi'an, and along the street, the 200,000 people were welcome. The National Government held a grand national festival in accordance with the customs of the Mongolian nation. On 1 July 1939, the Eight White Room was placed in Xinglong Mountain, Gansu Province. In 1949, due to the chaos of the current situation, the government of the Republic of China moved the Eight White Room to the Qinghai Kumbum Monastery.

After the founding of the People's Republic of China, it has been transferred to the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. In 1954, the Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China moved the Eight White Room back to Ejin Hollow. [5]

In 2001, the State Council approved the withdrawal of Ikezhao League and the establishment of the prefecture-level Ordos City.

On 8 June 2016, the State Council approved the “Request for the Establishment of Kangbashi District in Ordos City” of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region: agreed to set up Kangbashi District, and will be the Habagesh Street, Qingshan Street and Binhe Street in Dongsheng District of Ordos City. It is placed under the jurisdiction of the Kangbashi district.

Geography and climate
Ordos's prefectural administrative region occupies 86752 km2 and covers the bigger part of the Ordos Desert, although the urban area itself is relatively small. It borders the prefecture-level divisions of Hohhot to the east, Baotou to the northeast, Bayan Nur to the north, Alxa League to the northwest, Wuhai to the west, the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region to its southwest, and the provinces of Shaanxi and Shanxi to the south. The maximal north–south extent is 340 km, while from east to west it stretches for 400 km.

The most populous municipality is Dongsheng which had a population of 582,544 inhabitants as of the 2010 census. Another urban area is the conglomeration of Kangbashi District and the adjacent township of Altan Xire. Kangbashi is to the north of the Wulan Mulun River, a tributary of the Yellow River, while Altan Xire is to the south of the same river.

The area of Ordos can roughly be divided into a hilly area in the east, high plateaus in the west and center, sandy deserts in the north and south, and plains at the southern bank of the Yellow River. The highest elevation, at 2149 m, is located in the west, and the lowest point, at 850 m, is in the east.

There are two large deserts in the territory of Ordos: Kubuqi Desert in the north and the Mu Us (Maowusu) Desert in the south. The Kubuqi Desert occupies 19.2% of Ordos, or 16600 km2, while the Maowusu Desert takes up 28.8% of the area, or 25000 km2.

Ordos features a cold semi-arid climate (Köppen BSk), marked by long, cold and very dry winters; very warm, somewhat humid summers; and strong winds, especially in spring. The annual precipitation is 300 to 400 mm in the eastern part of the city and 190 to 350 mm in the western part. Most of the rain falls between July and September, with very little snow in winter; average annual evaporation reaches 2000 to 3000 mm. In the city proper, the monthly 24-hour average temperature ranges from −10.5 C in January to 21.0 C in July, while the annual mean is 6.16 C. Sunshine duration averages 2,700 to 3,200 hours annually.

Economy
Ordos is one of the most prosperous regions of China when measured by GDP figures. With a nominal per-capita GDP of US$34,352 and ppp per capita GDP of $65,192 in 2016, it ranks first among prefecture-level divisions in the entire Chinese mainland, and second in the PRC (including Hong Kong & Macau), behind Macau (Nominal GDP per capita: US$67,079; GDP (PPP) per capita: $96,148). It is extremely rich in natural resources, having one sixth of the national coal reserves. The pillars of its economy are textiles (wool), coal mining, petrochemicals, electricity generation, production of building materials, and bitcoin mining. An industrial park in Dalad Banner is home to one of the world's largest bitcoin 'mines' - really a massive server farm - owned by Beijing-based Bitmain.

Military
In 2021, The Washington Times reported that China was building a third ICBM site near Hanggin Banner, Ordos City, in Inner Mongolia. It will hold more than 100 new DF-41 intercontinental ballistic missiles. This will join two other ICBM fields at Yumen and Hami.

Administrative subdivisions
Ordos Shi is divided into two districts and seven banners:

Kangbashi New Area
A large, sparsely inhabited urban real estate development has been constructed 25 km from Dongsheng District. Intended to house a million people, it originally remained mostly uninhabited. Intended to have 300,000 residents by 2010, government figures stated it had 28,000 by that year. Several speculative publications, including an illustrated feature series by Al Jazeera's Melissa Chan in 2009, have depicted the city as a "ghost city." However, Wade Shepard, writing in Forbes in 2017, pointed out that this term was initially applied in 2009 when the city was only five years old with a population of 30,000. And that the population had surged to 153,000 and with housing prices rising by 50% since 2015, it became increasingly challenging to label it as such, and out of the 40,000 apartments built since 2004, only 500 remained on the market.

Ordos Museum

In 2011, a 49,400-square-meter museum, entitled Ordos Museum, was opened in Kangbashi. The museum, designed by China-based architectural practice MAD Studio, focuses upon the history of the Ordos area, as well as on the culture and traditions of Inner Mongolia.

Transportation
Travel within Ordos City is primarily made by car or bus, using the city's network roads. Two tolled expressways, the G18 Rongcheng–Wuhai Expressway and the G65 Baotou–Maoming Expressway, provide connections with other towns and cities including Dongsheng. In 2016, the Ordos railway station in the city opened. The station is on the Beijing-Baotou railway, the Hohhot-Ordos high-speed railway line, and the Baotou-West railway. High speed trains to the provincial capital of Hohhot are run on a daily basis. As well as slower speed trains directly to and from Beijing West railway station.

Ordos Ejin Horo International Airport is located in Ejin Horo Banner.

Demographics
In the 2000 census, there were 1,369,766 inhabitants:

title: Ordos City


text:
Strangefolk

Strangefolk is an American rock-oriented jam band originally from Burlington, Vermont. Since forming in 1991, the band has released five studio albums, four live albums and one live concert DVD. The band consists of Jon Trafton (lead guitar, vocals), Erik Glockler (bass, vocals), Reid Genauer (rhythm guitar, vocals), and Luke Smith (drums).

Formation and Early Years
Originally formed at the University of Vermont as an acoustic duo "Strange Folk" in 1991 by Jon Trafton and Reid Genauer, Strangefolk (now one word) added bass and drums in 1993 and took to playing the bars in and around the vibrant musical community of Burlington, Vermont. After only a couple of years of developing their signature sound in and around the Vermont music scene, the band began touring the club and college circuit around the Northeast, quickly gaining momentum and popularity with each tour. Regional tours paved the way for national tours, with the band logging over 100 shows per year.

Record Deal and Setbacks
In 1998, Strangefolk signed with Mammoth Records, only to have the record deal collapse when Disney purchased Mammoth in 1999. "A Great Long While", which was to be the band's major-label debut and was produced by Nile Rodgers, was released independently in 2000. The band faced setbacks and challenges due to the end of their record deal and the direction of the band, leading to founding member Reid Genauer leaving the band in September 2000.

Lineup Changes and Side Projects
After Reid Genauer's departure, Strangefolk underwent lineup changes and auditions, eventually inviting Luke "Patchen" Montgomery to join the band, along with keyboardist Scott Shdeed. The newly aligned group began touring again in early 2001. Don Scott replaced Shdeed on keyboards in October 2001. The band experienced another lineup change in September 2003 when drummer Luke Smith left for personal reasons. Following a brief hiatus, Trey Anastasio Band drummer Russ Lawton joined Strangefolk in April 2004.

During a period of hiatus and personal challenges, the band members engaged in side projects. In early 2005, while Jon Trafton underwent cancer treatment, the remaining members formed a side project called The Windfalls with guitarist Steve Jones of the band The Boneheads. The band faced Trafton's cancer diagnosis with overwhelming support and solidarity from family, friends, bandmates, and fans. Trafton eventually became cancer-free, and Strangefolk resumed regular performances in 2006.

The Tells and Cover Sets
At their Garden of Eden music festival in September 2006, the band debuted another side project called The Tells. The Tells consisted of all five members of Strangefolk and performed a late-night set of Led Zeppelin cover songs. The band continued this performance as The Tells in October 2006 and also performed themed sets at other festivals, including a Jack White-themed set at the StrangeCreek Festival in Greenfield, Massachusetts in September 2007.

Charitable Work
In 1997, fans of Strangefolk started a charitable organization called Strangers Helping Strangers (SHS), collecting non-perishable food items at the band's concerts throughout New England. SHS expanded to work with hundreds of other bands across the US, aiming to feed the hungry one concert at a time.

Strangefolk Reunion
On January 10, 2012, Strangefolk announced a pair of reunion shows with the original lineup, featuring Reid Genauer, Jon Trafton, Erik Glockler, and Luke Smith. These shows marked the first formal onstage reunion since their farewell Garden of Eden concert in September 2000. The original lineup sporadically performed concerts throughout the 2010s, including appearances at festivals and various venues including The Capitol Theatre in Port Chester, New York, Flynn Theatre in Burlington, Vermont and Terrapin Crossroads in Marin County, California.

In 2015, Strangefolk played a concert at the Jay Peak ski resort in Jay, Vermont. In 2016, the band returned to that site to host their first Garden of Eden festival since 2006. Strangefolk hosted the festival again at the same site in 2017, 2018 and 2019. A 2020 Garden of Eden festival was announced but was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

In 2018, Reid Genauer released an album called Conspire To Smile. The title track featured all four original members of Strangefolk on a studio album for the first time since Genauer initially left the band in 2000.

Later Years and Current Activities
The two nights of the 2019 Garden of Eden festival were Strangefolk's final concerts to date. Since 2021, Jon Trafton, Erik Glockler, and Luke Smith have performed together with guitarist Steve Jones under the name J.E.L.S. Reid Genauer has been involved in various musical projects, including performing shows with Assembly of Dust and a new outfit called Reid Genauer and Folks, which features a rotating cast of supporting musicians.

As of now, there are no official plans for Strangefolk to reunite or perform again. However, the band has not officially disbanded, leaving open the possibility of future collaborations or performances.

Throughout their history, Strangefolk has left a lasting impact not only through their music but also through their charitable work with Strangers Helping Strangers. The organization continues to work with numerous bands across the United States, striving to make a positive difference by addressing hunger issues one concert at a time.

Despite the band's evolution, lineup changes, and individual pursuits, Strangefolk's unique sound and contributions to the music scene, particularly in Vermont, have left a lasting legacy. Their performances and reunion shows have been celebrated by fans, and their music continues to resonate with audiences who appreciate their blend of acoustic, folk, and rock elements.

Discography

 * Strangefolk (also referred to as "Demo") (1994)
 * Lore (1995)
 * Weightless in Water (1998)
 * Live (EP) (2000)
 * A Great Long While (2000)
 * Open Road (2001)
 * Coast 2 Coast (Live) (2002)
 * Coast 2 Coast: Volume 2 (Live) (2003)
 * Live at the Capitol Theatre Port Chester, NY 12/27/98 (Live) (2012)
 * ''Live Live At The Palladium 11/27/99 (2018)

Videography

 * Garden of Eden 2002 (DVD) (2003)

title: Strangefolk