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A Caribbean Mystery

A Caribbean Mystery is a work of detective fiction by British writer Agatha Christie, first published in the UK by the Collins Crime Club on 16 November 1964 and in the United States by Dodd, Mead and Company the following year. The UK edition retailed at sixteen shillings (16/-) and the US edition at $4.50. It features the detective Miss Marple.

Two reviewers at the time the novel was published said that Agatha Christie was returning to the top of her form. A critic writing in 1990 judged this plot to be standard fare for any writer who travels to the Caribbean and needs double duty out of a vacation.

Two of the major characters reappear in the novel Nemesis, published in 1971. Jason Rafiel reappears posthumously, and his assistant Esther Walters assists Miss Marple in the early chapters of the subsequent story.

Plot summary
This story takes place at the Golden Palm resort on the Caribbean island of St Honoré. Miss Marple's nephew has paid for her to holiday there after a bout of ill health. She speaks with Major Palgrave, a well-travelled man with many stories to share. She sits, half listening, until Palgrave tells a story about a man who got away with murder more than once. When Palgrave asks her if she wants to see a picture of a murderer, she listens intently – but after he finds the snapshot in his wallet, he suddenly changes the subject. Miss Marple looks up to see why and spots several people nearby.

The next day, when the maid Victoria finds Major Palgrave dead in his room, Miss Marple is convinced he was murdered. She asks Dr Graham to find the photo he mentioned, pretending it is of her nephew, but it is not found. Meanwhile, she interviews the others: Tim and Molly Kendal, owners of the hotel; the Prescotts, a clergyman and his sister; Mr Jason Rafiel, a tycoon confined to a wheelchair; Jackson, his nurse/masseur/attendant/valet; Esther Walters, his secretary; the American Lucky Dyson and her husband, Greg; and Edward and Evelyn Hillingdon. On the beach, Miss Marple sees Señora de Caspearo, a woman on holiday who says she remembers Major Palgrave because he had an 'evil eye'. Miss Marple corrects her that he had a glass eye, but the Señora still says that it was evil.

Victoria informs the Kendals that she did not remember seeing the high blood pressure medication, Serenite, in Major Palgrave's room before his death, although it was found on his table after his death. That night, Victoria is found stabbed to death. Molly begins having nightmares. Miss Marple finds Jackson looking at Molly's cosmetics; he says that if belladonna were added to one of them, it would cause nightmares. The following night, Tim finds Molly unconscious on the floor, apparently having taken an overdose of sleeping pills. The police are involved, and the cook, Enrico, tells them he saw Molly holding a steak knife before going outside. Miss Marple asks the others if Major Palgrave told people about the photo. Others claim Palgrave said it was not a photo of a wife killer but a husband killer. When police realize that the high blood pressure medicine did not belong to Major Palgrave, his body is exhumed and the autopsy reveals that he died by poison, as Miss Marple expected.

At night, Miss Marple is woken by the sounds of a search party. She is told that Tim woke up to find his wife missing. They find what seems to be her body in a creek, but it turns out to be Lucky; the two women resemble one another.

Miss Marple abruptly realises who the Major saw that night when he recognised the person in the snapshot as someone on the island. She wakes Mr Rafiel and Jackson, calling herself Nemesis, and they go to the Kendals' house. There they find Tim offering Molly a drink. Miss Marple tells Jackson to take the glass away. She says there is a deadly narcotic in it. While Jackson holds Tim down, she explains that Tim is the wife killer recognised by Major Palgrave. Miss Marple had thought Palgrave saw the Hillingdons and the Dysons over her right shoulder as they were coming up the beach, but had just realised that he had a glass eye on the left, so he could not have seen them. Tim and Molly were sitting on her left. Further, the story that the Major told Miss Marple of the husband serially killing his wives and not getting caught was the story of Tim Kendal. Tim was planning to kill Molly soon, and so had to kill Major Palgrave when he recognised Tim. He also killed Victoria, who remembered the Serenite being in the wrong room. Tim put belladonna in Molly's cosmetics to make her appear mad to the others. Tim had asked his wife to meet him by the creek, but Molly had been distracted by a vision due to the belladonna and wandered off. Tim saw Lucky and mistook her for Molly in the darkness. He was about to poison Molly when Miss Marple interrupted him.

Esther Walters suddenly insists that Tim is not a killer. Tim shouts at her to keep quiet. He had been planning to marry Esther, after Molly's death, because he had heard that she was going to inherit a large sum of money from Jason Rafiel.

Mr Rafiel chooses to invest some money in Molly when she takes on running the Golden Palm resort herself. Miss Marple takes her flight home to England after her holiday in the tropical warmth.

Characters

 * Miss Marple: An elderly spinster detective with an eye for detail and unexpected clues, with a "mind like a sink". She is sent on a Caribbean holiday by her nephew.
 * Major Palgrave: An elderly, garrulous man with a glass eye who tells stories from past, some of which stories have photographs or news clips to illustrate them.
 * Tim Kendal: A man in his thirties married to Molly Kendal, who marries her using false references and starts the hotel with her, using her money.
 * Molly Kendal: Tim's pretty young wife who starts the hotel where the story takes place with him. She eventually believes she has fallen mentally ill and confides it to Evelyn, although her symptoms are the result of being poisoned.
 * Jason Rafiel: A cantankerous old man with a large fortune and an unexpectedly kind spirit, who takes a shine to Miss Marple.
 * Esther Walters: Jason Rafiel's secretary, (the widow of a poor provider) with a child at school in England.
 * Victoria: A St Honoré native who is the one to discover Major Palgrave's death and the mysterious bottle of Serenite. She has a common-law marriage with two children and is the second victim to be killed.
 * Greg Dyson: A nature lover, who is now married to Lucky, his second wife.
 * Lucky Dyson: An attractive American woman who is married to Greg. She had plotted to kill his first wife, along with Edward Hillingdon, whom she tricked into guilt for his actions, and then seduced. She is the third murder victim.
 * Edward Hillingdon: The husband of Evelyn and an avid nature lover. He has children at a boarding school and has an affair with Lucky.
 * Evelyn Hillingdon: A woman who does not love her husband Edward but stays with him both for their public image and for their children.
 * Señora de Caspearo: A South American woman on holiday who opposes ugliness and, therefore Major Palgrave and Jason Rafiel. She remarks on Major Palgrave's glass eye as an evil eye.
 * Joan Prescott: An elderly woman who enjoys gossiping and has come on holiday with her brother, Canon Prescott.
 * Jeremy Prescott: Miss Prescott's brother, a member of the clergy, who dislikes his sister's gossiping.
 * Dr Graham: The St Honoré doctor, slowly retiring from practice, who treats Miss Marple who pretends to be ill, cares for Molly and confirms the deaths of the murdered people.
 * Jackson: Mr Rafiel's valet/masseur/attendant who (by admission to Miss Marple) worked at a cosmetic company.

Literary significance and reception
Maurice Richardson in The Observer of 15 November 1964 began, "A most encouraging return to somewhere very near her best unputdownable form. ... Suspicion nicely distributed among guests, many of them raffish adulterers. Not very hard to guess, but quite suspenseful. Good varied characterisation including a particularly excellent octogenarian tycoon." Towards the end of the year, Richardson again commented on the book in a special Books of the Year: A Personal Choice column when he said, "Agatha Christie makes one of those gratifying veteran's comebacks."

On the other hand, the Daily Mirror of 21 November 1964 wrote, "Not quite at the top of her form. A Miss Marples (sic) story which addicts won't find as unsolvable as usual." However, after offering lukewarm reviews of her two previous novels, Francis Iles (Anthony Berkeley Cox) reported that the writer was back on form in his review in The Guardian's issue of 11 December 1964:"'Mrs Agatha Christie has done it again. In A Caribbean Mystery she tells the reader explicitly what is going to happen; and yet when it does, nine out of ten will be taken completely by surprise – as I was. How does she do it? For the rest, it is Miss Marple this time who is in charge of the story; and all one can guess is that the setting is a Caribbean island.'"

In a 1990 appreciation of the author, biographer Robert Barnard said the novel was written:"'in the tradition of all those package-tour mysteries written by indigent crime writers who have to capitalize on their meagre holidays. Nothing much of interest, but useful for illustrating the 'fluffification' of Miss Marple. Reuses a ploy from Appointment with Death.'"

Dedication
The novel is dedicated to John Cruikshank Rose, "with happy memories of my visit to the West Indies". Christie and her husband Max Mallowan became friends with John Rose in 1928 at the archaeological site at Ur. He was the architectural draftsman and when Max was in charge of the dig in Greater Syria at Tell Arpachiyah, Iraq in 1932, he hired Rose to be his draftsman. Rose was Scottish, and as Christie described him, "a beautiful draughtsman, with a quiet way of talking, and a gentle humour that I found irresistible."

References in other works
The millionaire Jason Rafiel appears again, posthumously, in the novel Nemesis where he sends Miss Marple on a case specifically because of her success in solving the events related in A Caribbean Mystery.

Television
A 1983 US TV movie adaptation starred Helen Hayes as Miss Marple and Barnard Hughes as Mr Rafiel. The New York Times says that Miss Marple has "a carload of suspects" to figure out why her friend was killed, in this film that first aired 22 October 1983. The screenplay was credited to Sue Grafton, later a mystery writer, and Steve Humphrey. The production was shot in California.

A BBC TV adaptation starring Joan Hickson was shown in 1989 as part of the series Agatha Christie's Miss Marple, with Donald Pleasence co-starring as Mr Rafiel. Changes were made from the novel: the Prescotts and Señora de Caspearo were omitted, Miss Marple holidayed on Barbados rather than the fictional island of "St Honoré", and the blood pressure medication was renamed Tetrawolfide.

The 1989 production was filmed in the Caribbean, as of 2017 the only adaptation to be; specifically, it was shot on location on the island of Barbados. The production occurred and was aired after the production of Nemesis (1987), where the part of Jason Rafiel was portrayed by Frank Gatliff. The order of their airing led to some viewer confusion, as Rafiel has died by the time the latter story commences. When this work was digitally restored in the mid-2010s, a number of additional and extended scenes were revealed that were not present in the original broadcast cut of the episode.

In 2013, the book was adapted for the sixth series of ITV's Agatha Christie's Marple, starring Julia McKenzie as Miss Marple and co-starring Antony Sher as Jason Rafiel, Oliver Ford Davies as Major Palgrave, Hermione Norris as Evelyn Hillingdon and Robert Webb and Charity Wakefield as the Kendalls. The characters are much the same as in the novel, and the location is the same. At the end, Tim tries to shoot Molly rather than poison her, but the gun's bullets have been replaced with blanks. This 2013 version was filmed in Cape Town.

Like other episodes in the previous series, the 2013 production includes characters based on real persons; one is fledgling novelist Ian Fleming, who seeks inspiration for a name for his spy hero, whereupon character and ornithologist James Bond, played by Charlie Higson, begins his fictional lecture to his fellow hotel guests, stating his name is "...Bond, James Bond".

As with the Joan Hickson version, A Caribbean Mystery was adapted after Nemesis, despite the books' publication order. Nemesis was adapted in Season 3, Episode 4 airing on 1 January 2009 in the UK, while it was aired as Season 6 Episode 1, on 16 June 2013 in the UK, over 4 years later. US release was on 16 September 2014. This led to some continuity issues: in the 2009 version of Nemesis, Jason Rafiel is a German writer, but in A Caribbean Mystery (2013), he is an English chemical manufacturer. Miss Marple does not refer to herself as Nemesis at any time in this adaptation, despite herself and Mr Rafiel associating the name Nemesis with her in both novels. Just like in the Joan Hickson versions, Mr Rafiel is portrayed by different actors: Antony Sher portrays him here, but in Nemesis, he makes voice appearances by Herbert Lom (who previously appeared in the 2004 version of The Murder at the Vicarage as Monsieur Dufosse).

The novel was adapted as a 2016 episode of the French television series Les Petits Meurtres d'Agatha Christie.

Radio
Michael Bakewell wrote a BBC Radio adaptation first broadcast in October 1997, with June Whitfield as Miss Marple, where the character of Señora de Caspearo is omitted but the plot of the novel is generally retained.

Publication history

 * 1964, Collins Crime Club (London), 16 November 1964, Hardcover, 256 pp
 * 1965, Dodd Mead and Company (New York), Hardcover, 245 pp
 * 1966, Fontana Books (Imprint of HarperCollins), Paperback, 157 pp
 * 1966, Pocket Books (New York), Paperback, 176 pp
 * 1976, Ulverscroft Large-print Edition, Hardcover, 316 pp
 * 1979, Greenway edition of collected works (William Collins), Hardcover, 256 pp; ISBN 0-00-231072-4
 * 1979, Greenway edition of collected works (Dodd Mead), Hardcover, 256 pp
 * 2006, Marple Facsimile edition (Facsimile of 1964 UK first edition), 6 March 2006, Hardcover; ISBN 0-00-720857-X
 * 2008, Indian Version (ASIAN); ISBN 978-0-00-729961-4 Odyssey RS. 150

The novel was serialised in the Star Weekly Novel, a Toronto newspaper supplement, in two abridged instalments from 16 to 23 January 1965, with each issue containing an uncredited cover illustration.

title: A Caribbean Mystery


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TrafFix Devices, Inc. v. Marketing Displays, Inc.

TrafFix Devices, Inc. v. Marketing Displays, Inc., 532 U.S. 23 (2001), was a landmark United States Supreme Court decision in the field of trademark law. The case determined that a functional design could not be eligible for trademark protection, and it established a presumption that a patented design is inherently functional.

Background
The plaintiff, Marketing Display, Inc., held patents for a two-spring design used to stabilize traffic signs in strong winds. Following the expiration of the plaintiff's patents, the defendant, TrafFix Devices, Inc., started producing their own signs utilizing the same design. The plaintiff filed a lawsuit, alleging trade dress infringement based on the imitation of the distinctive design. The central legal issue addressed by the courts was whether trade dress protection could be granted to a product that was previously covered by an expired patent.

Opinion of the Court
The Court, in a unanimous opinion by Justice Anthony Kennedy, held that there can be no trademark protection for something that is functional because that would work as a detriment to competitors based on something other than reputation, which is the key consideration in trademark law.

The Court noted that the plaintiff has the burden of proving that the characteristic for which protection is sought is not functional—but having a patent for a design raises a very strong presumption that the design was functional. A design is functional if it serves any purpose that makes the product work better, or makes the product less expensive to produce. That an alternative design is available does not undercut the functionality of a given design."Discussing trademarks, we have said “ ‘[i]n general terms, a product feature is functional,’ and cannot serve as a trademark, ‘if it is essential to the use or purpose of the article or if it affects the cost or quality of the article.’ ”. Expanding upon the meaning of this phrase, we have observed that a functional feature is one the “exclusive use of [which] would put competitors at a significant non-reputation-related disadvantage.” . . . Where the design is functional under the Inwood formulation there is no need to proceed further to consider if there is a competitive necessity for the feature."Here, Justice Kennedy said, the design was clearly functional, and the plaintiff could not carry the burden of proving otherwise because the very characteristic that is sought to be protected by trademark is the one whose functionality was previously sought to be covered by patent.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


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FM Toyohashi

FM Toyohashi (エフエム豊橋) (JOZZ6AA-FM, 84.3 MHz) is a community FM radio station in Toyohashi, Aichi Prefecture, Japan. It is the third "community FM radio station" opened in Japan. Its broadcast reach an area roughly bounded by Hamamatsu, Shizuoka in the east, and Gamagori and Shinshiro, Aichi in the west. It broadcasts 24 hours a day, except parts of Sunday nights during which it carries the signal of Tokyo MusicBird transmissions.

History
FM Toyohashi first started broadcasting in Toyohashi and on the trains of the Toyohashi Railway on August 18, 1992 as a mini FM radio station with a very low output power, which just enabled it qualify as a community FM radio station. Once it became established with an assigned frequency of 84.3 MHz, it raised its output power to 1 watt in 1993, to 10 watts in 1995 and to 20 watts in 1999, resulting in a much larger broadcasting area.

Features

 * Broadcasting from the southeastern portion of Aichi prefecture, its programming focuses on Shizuoka prefecture west. Hence the name "Community FM Radio station."
 * It has a very high listenership, especially given its very low transmitting power and community FM status.
 * Also interchange with the Hamamatsu FM broadcast (FM Haro!) of Hamamatsu city and Iida FM broadcast of Ida city is active. Personality and staff of three bureaus being even in all, there are also times when live programming is done.
 * From 1996 to 2002, the radio station transmitted a one-hour programme in Portuguese for the large Brazilian minority in the Aichi Prefecture.
 * Its transmission antenna is on the 120-meter Holiday Tower, the highest building in Toyohashi.

title: FM Toyohashi


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The Bibelot

The Bibelot was a yearly literary anthology published by Thomas Bird Mosher between 1895 and 1914. The Bibelot featured the lesser known works of writers such as Algernon Charles Swinburne, William Morris, Arthur Symons, D. G. Rossetti, Austin Dobson, J. A. Symonds, Robert Louis Stevenson, Oscar Wilde, and Fiona MacLeod. In 1925 a limited edition, 21 volume "Testimonial Edition" was printed by William H. Wise & Co.

The Bibelots
There was also a series of twenty nine midget reprints of English classics (5 inches x 2¾ inches) in The Bibelots series, edited by John Potter Briscoe  and published by Gay and Bird of 22 Bedford Street, Strand, London from 1899 to 1907. It is not known if Gay and Bird had any connection with Thomas Bird Mosher.

title: The Bibelot


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Malyy (crater)

Malyy is a damaged lunar impact crater that lies on the far side of the Moon, behind the eastern limb as seen from the Earth. It is located to the south-southeast of the crater Artamonov. Slightly farther to the east-northeast lies Deutsch. The quadrant of terrain to the southwest of Malyy forms a nearly level plain marked by small craters and buried features.

Several small craterlets overlap parts of the rim of Malyy, and the edge is generally eroded and uneven. The satellite crater Malyy G just to the east is much better defined, with a crisp, sharp edge, and is most likely a younger crater.

The crater is named after Aleksandr L. Malyy (Maly), Soviet rocket scientist who was one of three lead engineers and project managers overlooking the launch of Yuri Gagarin into orbit around the Earth on 1961 April 12. Malyy, a physicist and mathematician, was responsible for supervising the development of the rocket engine. He was born March 7, 1907, and died August 11, 1962.

Satellite craters
By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Malyy.

title: Malyy (crater)


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Talk:NBC Sports Regional Networks

CSS
CSS is not part of the Comcast SportsNet networks. It is jointly owned by Comcast and Charter, and based in Atlanta. I've also added descriptions of and links to Comcast's other local networks, each of which carries varying degrees of sports programming.

Many updates
I've gone through and done many updates to this page over the last two days, now I see Mid-Atlantic on its own page?

Will this be happening with all the Comcast SportsNets?

I've added a lot of info from the CSN websites and referenced news articles i could find on the subject matter. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.238.252.125 (talk • contribs) 19:52, 2 July, 2007 (UTC)

I created the CSN Mid-Atlantic article. I felt that there was enough information in the original article to warrant all of the current CSN affiliates from having their own articles. Many of the Fox Sports Net affiliates have their own pages with the same or less information. Feel free to look at FSN Pittsburgh and FSN Ohio. Fbdave 00:11, 3 July 2007 (UTC)

I don't have an account here, but like doing the updates and helping out. If new pages get created for all the Comcast SportsNet channels (I think that SportsNet New York should be considered a Comcast SportsNet as its linked from www.comcastsportsnet.com) I'll keep on working on the updates and getting the new pages going. I just don't know how to create new articles and what the standards are.

If its built, I will come and upgrade it :)

jb

I created articles for CSN Chicago, CSN Philadelphia and CSN West. Fbdave 00:33, 3 July 2007 (UTC)

I will begin adding info to them and them removing it from the main CSN page. maybe we can do a grid like page that the FSN page has Jefbal99 01:37, 3 July 2007 (UTC)

Removed info and added links for Phily and West. The Chicago code seems screwy and I'm still working on it. I'm gonna try my hand at making a Northwest page Jefbal99 01:37, 3 July 2007 (UTC)

Successfully created CSN Northwest check it out and give feedback jb 02:00, 3 July 2007 (UTC)

Re order other channels change
reordered the links alphabetically and removed "In March, 2006, Comcast (along with Time Warner Cable and The New York Mets) launched SportsNet New York. The network is following the format of CSN stations with Mets games and New York Jets-related programming as the primary professional sports content, along with sports news programs and talk shows. College sports programming will feature the Big Ten Conference, among others." fromt the Other Channels sections as SNY has a main link now. jb 16:57, 4 July 2007 (UTC)

Other Channels Section
Added content about the mtn. network and combined the two paragraphs regards FSN networks. jb 19:42, 4 July 2007 (UTC)

Table updates
Love the table, added CSN Northwest and other info that was lacking jb 20:44, 6 July 2007 (UTC)

CSN West
I removed "Merging with FSN Bay Area in 2007" because there is no reference or link provided that this is occurring. jb 19:08, 30 July 2007 (UTC)

New Logo
Is there a new CSN logo that introduced this baseball season? I was watching a baseball game last night and it looked similar to SNY's logo.SaxofoneDL (talk) 20:27, 2 April 2008 (UTC)

national expansion?
Here in Central Indiana, we now get Bay Area, New England, SNY and The Mtn. in our Comcast Sports Pack (as of Dec '10). I would assume similar expansion has occured in other Comcast markets... worth a mention here? Lambertman (talk) 13:34, 5 January 2011 (UTC)

External links modified
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External links modified
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title: Talk:NBC Sports Regional Networks


text:
User talk:SJ is a Newbie

SJ is a newbie.

title: User talk:SJ is a Newbie


text:
Fluppy Dogs

Fluppy Dogs is a one-hour animated television special that aired on November 27 (Thanksgiving), 1986 on ABC. It was intended to be a pilot for the third Walt Disney Television animated series, but the show was cancelled due to the special's low ratings. It featured five pastel-colored, or "fluppy", talking dogs that came through a fluppy interdimensional doorway and into the lives of Jamie and his teenage neighbor Claire. The dogs were the intended prey of the evil miser Wagstaff. Animation was supplied by TMS Entertainment, who had previously been contracted by Disney on another concurrently running animated series, Adventures of the Gummi Bears.

Plot
The basic premise for the series, akin to the much later live-action sci-fi series Sliders, was the story of a band of adventurous, cuddly, dog-like creatures called Fluppies who use a crystal key to open inter-dimensional doorways. They are on a mountain of one world in perilous weather, and use the crystal key to escape, ending up in a jungle world the Fluppies are chased by a big purple dinosaur-like creature, they find another portal and escape into a supermarket on Earth.

Mistaken for regular dogs, they are captured and placed in a pound. However, prior to their capture, one of the Fluppies was seen shouting to the others which was noticed by J.J. Wagstaff, a ruthless businessman. As their only means of escape, Stanley, the leader of the Fluppies, manages to get a woman to pick him as a pet for her son, Jamie; he plans to eventually return to the pound to free the others. Jamie is disappointed at this new dog, which is smaller than he hoped, but he takes him for a walk. Taking the opportunity, Stanley escapes his leash and makes a break for it, but Jamie pursues him so as to not anger his mother for losing his new pet so soon. The chase leads to a construction site and Jamie finds himself in danger, forcing Stanley to reveal his intelligence and humanoid nature to save him. Meanwhile, Wagstaff, whose mansion is filled with hunting trophies and live exotic animals, sees in an old book the talking dogs he had seen earlier; they are identified as Fluppies. Wagstaff vows to add the Fluppies to his menagerie.

Now with a secret, Stanley explains the situation and Jamie offers to help. However, the boy only has enough money to purchase one of Stanley's compatriots, Tippi, and his mother will not let him keep her, though Jamie's neighbor Claire eagerly agrees to take her in. That night, as Jamie and Stanley sleep, the boy reflexively scratches the Fluppy's head, which causes their bed to fly. Once they awaken and learn how to control the flying effect, Stanley resolves to break his compatriots out that night and pick up Tippi to do so, inadvertently revealing their nature to Claire in the process. At the pound, Stanley and Tippi manage to free their friends and barely avoid Wagstaff, who had the pound opened to seize them.

The next day, the Fluppies depart to find another dimensional portal, but they need Jamie's help. He leaves school to aid them. This portal turns out to lead to a water world, and the company are flooded out and have to return to Jamie's home to dry out. Hiding in the basement, the Fluppies discover another portal inside the house, but opening it releases a large rambunctious creature that runs about, throwing Jamie's home into a shambles before they can bring it under control, with Claire naming the creature "Falumpus". Although the gang manages to put the house in order before Jamie's mother comes home from work, she gets news that Jamie cut school. Angry at her son for playing hooky, she asks many questions, which Jamie concocts a long story whilst the Fluppies clandestinely keep the Falumpus pacified in the basement by feeding it flowers.

Hoping to avoid ruining Jamie's life anymore, some of the Fluppies continue their search on their own while Stanley and Tippi keep the Falumpus hidden in the basement. The venturing Fluppies come to a library and finally locate the portal to their home world, but while they are returning to tell the other Fluppies the news, Wagstaff captures Ozzie, forcing Stanley and Tippi to ask for Claire's help. Jamie sees them depart in Claire's car as he and the youngest Fluppies ride on the Falumpus in pursuit. However, Wagstaff has been expecting this and manages to capture Stanley and Tippi in his home and threatens to call the police on the children for breaking and entering.

With a desperate plan, the Fluppies convince Wagstaff to let the children "say goodbye" and signals them to scratch on all their heads. The combined strength of this magic tears the entire section of Wagstaff's house into the air. As the occupants struggle to keep their footing with the violent jostling, the Fluppies reach the portal at the front of the library and they crash land the building in front of it. As they struggle to open this portal, which enters into the Fluppies' home dimension, Wagstaff and his butler find themselves knocked inside by the Falumpus while Stanley's company bolts to safety. Before Wagstaff and his butler can exit, the door closes permanently, leaving Jamie and Claire alone in their own reality.

Months later in winter, Jamie and Claire have grown to be close friends after their adventure, but they miss the Fluppies. Stanley suddenly appears, saying that adventure is an important part of life. His fellow Fluppies appear saying they missed Claire and Jamie, and Stanley reveals that he has found a way to stabilize the portal between his homeworld and Earth. Hundreds of Fluppies line up to pass through the portal, eager to tour Earth.

Cast
Some of the characters in the Fluppy Dogs and the voice actors that played them were:
 * Carl Steven as Jamie Bingham
 * Jessica Pennington as Claire the Neighbor
 * Marshall Efron as Stanley the Blue Loyal Fluppy
 * Susan Blu as Tippi the Pink Loving Fluppy and Bink the Yellow Shy Fluppy
 * Lorenzo Music as Ozzie the Green Cool Fluppy
 * Hal Smith as Dink the Red Playful Fluppy and Mr. Hamish
 * Cloyce Morrow as Mrs. Bingham
 * Michael Rye as J.J. Wagstaff

Differences from the book
The Fluppy Dogs merchandise (including dolls, coloring books and puzzles) released in the 1980s featured images based on a children's book, and which were apparently based on preliminary designs for the Fluppies. These were slightly different from the designs that appeared in the actual pilot film.

In the book, the Fluppy Dogs are as follows: Fanci Flup (pink/white with a pink hairbow), Cuddle Flup (purple/white with two purple hairbows), Brave Flup (blue/white with a plaid bandana), Cool Flup (green/white with sunglasses), Shy Flup (peach/white with a flowered hat), and Silly Flup (yellow/white with two yellow hairbows).

Reception
The Fluppy Dogs special made its debut on the U.S. television network ABC during the Thanksgiving turkey feast, on November 27, 1986, pre-empting We Are One World. It scored a Nielsen rating of 5.3/10; placing 70th among network programming, it was the week's lowest-ranked ABC film.

Legacy
The Fluppy Dogs made a cameo appearance in the DuckTales (2017) season three episode "Let's Get Dangerous!".

title: Fluppy Dogs


text:
User:SJ is a Newbie

SJ is a newbie.

title: User:SJ is a Newbie


text:
Marci (crater)

Marci is a small, mostly unremarkable lunar impact crater on the far side of the Moon. It is located about one crater diameter to the west of the prominent crater Jackson. To the northwest of Marci is the larger crater Fitzgerald.

This is a roughly circular, bowl-shaped feature with slight outward bulges in the rim to the north and south. The inner walls are generally simple slopes the run down to the interior floor. This floor is about half the diameter of the crater. Marci lies within the bright ray system that surrounds Jackson.

Satellite craters
By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Marci.

title: Marci (crater)


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Jacopo Nardi

Jacopo Nardi (1476 – c. 1563 ) was an Italian historian from Florence.

Biography
Nardi, a follower of Savonarola, occupied various positions in the service of the Florentine republic after the expulsion of the Medici in 1494, and even on their return in 1512 he continued in the public service. In 1527 he joined the movement for the expulsion of the family and was instrumental in defeating the Medicean troops under Cardinal Passerini, who were attacking the Palazzo della Signoria. When the Medici again definitely became masters of Florence in 1530, Nardi was exiled from the city and his property confiscated.

He spent the rest of his days in various parts of Italy, chiefly in Venice, and wrote a statement of the claims of the Florentine exiles against the Medici, addressed to the Emperor Charles V. His chief work is his Istorie della Città di Firenze, covering the period from 1498 to 1538, in part based on Biagio Buonaccorsi's Diario.

Lelio Arbib's edition of Nardi's history (Florence, 1842) contains a biography of the author, and so does that of Agenore Gelli (Florence, 1888).

title: Jacopo Nardi


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Anikita Repnin

Prince Anikita Ivanovich Repnin (Аники́та Ива́нович Репни́н, tr. Anikíta Ivánovič Repnín; 1668 – 3 July 1726) was a prominent Russian general during the Great Northern War who superintended the taking of Riga in 1710 and served as the Governor of Livonia from 1719 until his death.

Coming from the old Russian princely family Repnin, Anikita was one of the collaborators of Peter the Great, with whom he grew up. On the occasion of the Sophian insurrection of 1689, he carefully guarded Peter in the Troitsa monastery, and subsequently took part in the Azov expedition, during which he was raised to the grade of general. He took part in all the principal engagements of the Great Northern War. Defeated by Charles XII at the Battle of Holowczyn, he was degraded to the ranks, but was pardoned as a reward for his valour at Lesnaya and recovered all his lost dignities. At Poltava he commanded the centre.

From Ukraine he was transferred to the Baltic Provinces and was made the first Governor-General of Riga after its capture in 1710. In 1724, he succeeded the temporarily disgraced favorite, Menshikov, as war minister. Catherine I made him a field-marshal.

Marriage and children
He married twice and had 3 sons and one daughter, including
 * Vasily Anikitovich Repnin (1696–1748), commander in chief of the Russian Army during the War of the Austrian Succession.

Honours

 * undefined: Order of the White Eagle

title: Anikita Repnin


text: User talk:81.77.59.26

title: User talk:81.77.59.26


text: Talk:Eagle (British comics)

title: Talk:Eagle (British comics)


text:
Talk:Infectology

I've heard of Microbiology, but what the hell is "infectology" and does it deserve an article? Let's, by all means, try to appear legitimate.

title: Talk:Infectology


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Durmersheim

Durmersheim is a small town in the district of Rastatt, Baden-Württemberg, Southwest Germany and has a population of 12,112 (2020).

Durmersheim is situated between Karlsruhe and Rastatt, in the valley of the river Rhine near the border to France. There is also a forest in the valley, named Hardtwald, c. 2 km east of the town.

History
Founded about 600 BC, the city was occupied by duke Otto of Worms in 985. Since 1300 Durmersheim belonged to the margraves of Baden.

As Germany was subdued and divided into control zones by the Allied forces after World War II, the border of the French zone and American zone was between Durmersheim and Rheinstetten.

Mayor
Since 2006 Andreas Augustin is the mayor of Durmersheim. He was reelected in 2014 with 54,38 % of the votes.

Main sights
The church of Bickesheim, built in the 13th century, is a well known place of pilgrimage.

title: Durmersheim


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Waterman (crater)

Waterman is a lunar impact crater that is located on the Moon's far side, and cannot be viewed directly from the Earth. It lies along the southern outer ramparts of the prominent crater Tsiolkovskiy. Almost attached to the southwest is Neujmin, so that Waterman lies straddled between these two features.

The outer rim of Waterman has been somewhat modified by its proximity to Tsiolkovskiy to the north, and it now has a slightly oval shape. The rim edge is worn and irregular, and ejecta material has been carried into the northern interior floor. There are a pair of lower albedo patches in the southern interior, which are typically characteristic of basaltic-lava deposits. A few low ridges lie about the center and also to the east of the midpoint.

The crater was named after American physicist Alan T. Waterman by the IAU in 1970.

title: Waterman (crater)


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Ling Tong

Ling Tong (189–217), courtesy name Gongji, was a Chinese military general serving under the warlord Sun Quan during the late Eastern Han dynasty of China. He started his service under Sun Quan when he was still a teenager and, throughout his entire life, had been contributing to the foundation and solidification of the state of Eastern Wu, which Sun Quan established in 229. He fought in numerous battles for his lord, including those against Huang Zu, Liu Bei and the Shanyue tribes, but is best known for his performance in the campaigns against Sun Quan's archrival Cao Cao, in which he displayed great skill and tact in extremely adverse situations.

Ling Tong was more than just a military serviceman – he received high praise from the scholar-gentry for his gracious demeanour, bonhomie and generosity. Even though he had achieved fame and glory when he visited his hometown later in his life, he still treated commoners with utmost respect and humanity. Behind the frontline, Ling Tong conceived a strategy for dealing with and pacifying the Shanyue tribes – impressing them with a show of military might and offering them potential rewards – which led to the Wu government successfully recruiting over 10,000 Shanyue soldiers into their army and maintaining relative stability in the region. Known for his integrity and loyalty, Ling Tong, along with Lü Meng, was among Sun Quan's most valued generals.

Early life
Ling Tong was from Yuhang County (餘杭縣), Wu Commandery, which is present-day Yuhang District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang. His father, Ling Cao, was a military officer serving under the warlord Sun Ce. Ling Cao held the rank of Colonel Who Defeats Bandits (破賊校尉) and continued serving Sun Quan after Sun Ce's death in the year 200. In 203, Sun Quan attacked Huang Zu, the Administrator of Jiangxia Commandery (江夏郡; around present-day Xinzhou District, Wuhan, Hubei). During the ensuing Battle of Xiakou, Ling Cao sailed alone a distance ahead on a small boat to infiltrate the enemy formation. Huang Zu abandoned his position and fled. Ling Cao was killed in the midst of battle by a stray arrow fired by Huang Zu's subordinate, Gan Ning.

Ling Tong was 15 (by East Asian reckoning) when his father died. Sun Quan appointed Ling Tong as a Major of Separate Command (別部司馬) in consideration of the fact that Ling Cao died in service of the Sun family. As many spoke well of Ling Tong's ability, the teenage Ling Tong was allowed to inherit his father's post, as acting Colonel Who Defeats Bandits, and assume command of the troops which used to be led by his father.

Ling Tong participated in a campaign against bandits in the hilly regions of Wu. Sun Quan's main force captured a bandit stronghold and left behind 10,000 men under the command of Ling Tong and Zhang Yi (張異) to lay siege to another stronghold. The day before the battle, Ling Tong and Chen Qin (陳勤) attended a banquet together. Chen Qin was in charge of ceremonial duties during the banquet, but he abused his powers and went against the rules. Ling Tong was upset by Chen Qin's insolence so he confronted him. In anger, Chen Qin hurled abuse at Ling Tong and even insulted Ling Tong's deceased father. Ling Tong was in tears but he refrained himself and did not respond to the acrimony.

After the banquet, Chen Qin, who was drunk, insulted Ling Tong again on the road. Unable to tolerate further swearword, Ling Tong injured Chen Qin with his sword. Chen Qin died a few days later. The next day, before the battle, Ling Tong exclaimed: "Only through death can my transgression be cleansed!" He charged ahead of his troops during the battle in the face of enemy arrows and boulders. The side of the garrison which Ling Tong's army attacked fell immediately. The other commanders were roused by his victory and together they inflicted a crushing defeat on the enemy. After returning from the battle, Ling Tong bound himself and surrendered to the disciplinary officer. Sun Quan was impressed with Ling Tong's strong determination and pardoned him for insubordination in consideration of his contributions.

Battle of Jiangxia
In 208, Sun Quan attacked Huang Zu at Jiangxia Commandery (江夏郡; around present-day Xinzhou District, Wuhan, Hubei) again. Ling Tong was assigned as the leader of the vanguard force. He sailed in his boat far ahead of the main army with only tens of his closest men with him, and emerged victorious in the first engagement by slaying Huang Zu's subordinate, Zhang Shuo (張碩), and capturing all of Zhang Shuo's mariners with his much smaller force. He reported back to Sun Quan and led another attack on the enemy again, advancing on both land and water.

Knowing that Zhang Shuo had been slain and that the first line of defence had been broken, Huang Zu scuttled two of his largest mengchongs to block the entrance at the chokepoint of the Mian River, and sent his crossbowmen to station themselves there to fire at any approaching enemy forces. In addition, Huang Zu had strong men and archers ambushed on top of the cliff next to the river to throw down rocks and flaming debris. Sun Quan's forces firstly suffered great casualties and were unable to advance any further. Ling Tong and Dong Xi, along with 100 "commandos", donned two layers of armour each and charged towards the enemy despite the rain of rocks and arrows from the cliff and the fusillade from the vessels. They succeeded in breaking the connections between the two vessels after tough fighting, thus allowing Sun Quan's forces to break through and enter Miankou. Furthermore, the destruction of the mengchongs actuated Sun Quan forces' fighting spirit, and they emerged victorious in the next battle, in which Lü Meng defeated Huang Zu's navy while Ling Tong conquered Jiangxia. Sun Quan appointed Ling Tong as a Commandant of Vehemence (承烈都尉).

Battle of Red Cliffs
In late 208, the northern warlord Cao Cao launched a campaign aimed at wiping out opposing forces in southern China. He successfully pressured Liu Cong, who had succeeded Liu Biao as the Governor of Jing Province, into surrendering. A few months later, Cao Cao assembled a force of 800,000 at Jiangling County, where countless warships and weapons were stored, and sent an envoy to intimidate Sun Quan to give up resistance. Sun Quan eventually hardened his decision to go to war with Cao Cao after Lu Su and Zhou Yu convinced him. He then formed an alliance with another warlord, Liu Bei, to resist Cao Cao. Ling Tong, under Zhou Yu's command, participated in the Battle of Red Cliffs, in which the combined armies of Sun Quan and Liu Bei dealt Cao Cao's massive fleet a crushing defeat at Wulin (烏林).

Battles in central Jing Province
Following the Battle of Red Cliffs, Zhou Yu led Sun Quan's forces to attack Nan Commandery (南郡; around present-day Jingzhou, Hubei), which was defended by Cao Cao's general Cao Ren. Zhou Yu sent Gan Ning to guard Yiling (夷陵; around present-day Yichang, Hubei), but Cao Ren ordered his subordinates to attack Yiling later. Gan Ning was under siege so he requested aid from Zhou Yu, who followed Lü Meng's plan to leave Ling Tong behind to defend their position while Zhou Yu and the other generals would lead reinforcements to help Gan. Ling Tong was left alone to engage the enemy in battle for about ten days under numerical disadvantage, but he managed to triumph against the odds by holding his ground firmly while his comrades were away. The battle dragged on until Cao Ren was eventually ordered to abandon Nan Commandery, resulting in the capture of the commandery by Sun Quan's forces. Ling Tong was promoted to Colonel (校尉) for his achievements in the battle

Ling Tong later moved east and followed Lü Meng and Gan Ning to attack Cao Cao's garrison at Wan County (皖縣; present-day Qianshan County, Anhui). They succeeded in conquering it. He was promoted to General of the Household Who Defeats Bandits (蕩寇中郎將) and was appointed as the Chancellor of Pei (沛相). In 215, Ling Tong joined Lü Meng in capturing Liu Bei's three commanderies of Changsha, Lingling and Guiyang. Later, they returned to Yiyang to counter an army led by Liu Bei's general Guan Yu, who was advancing south in an attempt to retake the lost commanderies. The territorial dispute was eventually resolved when both Sun Quan and Liu Bei agreed to divide Jing Province between their respective domains along the Xiang River.

Conflict with Gan Ning
Ling Tong had never forgiven Gan Ning for killing his father Ling Cao. Gan Ning was always on the defensive against Ling Tong and he tried to avoid meeting Ling whenever possible. Sun Quan also ordered Ling Tong to not seek vengeance on Gan Ning. Despite so, the two of them nearly exchanged blows in an incident during a banquet held in Lü Meng's house. When Ling Tong was performing a sword dance to entertain the guests, Gan Ning stood up and said: "I can also perform with my pair of jis." Lü Meng told Gan Ning: "You may be good in performing, but you aren't as good as me." He then drew his sword and carried a shield and stood between Ling Tong and Gan Ning to separate them. When Sun Quan heard about the incident, he reassigned Gan Ning to another garrison at Banzhou (半州).

Battle of Xiaoyao Ford
After reaffirming his alliance with Liu Bei, Sun Quan personally led an army to attack Hefei, which was defended by Cao Cao's general Zhang Liao, in order to divert Cao Cao's attention away from Hanzhong Commandery. Ling Tong served as a Commandant of the Right Section (右部督) during this campaign. Sun Quan's forces suffered heavy losses in the early skirmishes against Zhang Liao and were unable to conquer Hefei. When a plague broke out among his troops, Sun Quan decided to give up on the campaign and retreat.

At Xiaoyao Ford (逍遙津), Sun Quan's other divisions retreated first while Sun Quan himself remained behind with about only 1,000 men and a few officers, including Lü Meng, Jiang Qin, Ling Tong and Gan Ning. When Zhang Liao saw that, he immediately led his troops out of Hefei to launch a counterattack and completely took Sun Quan by surprise. Sun Quan wanted to recall the divisions which had retreated first but realised they could not return in time. Ling Tong led 300 men to break into the enemy encirclement to rescue his lord. After Sun Quan managed to escape by making his horse jump across the broken bridge and reach the other side of the ford, Ling Tong returned to the battlefield and continued to fight on and slay dozens of enemies. He sustained several wounds all over his body and all his men were killed. He only retreated when he assessed the situation and concluded that Sun Quan was safe.

As the bridge had already been destroyed, Ling Tong had to wade through the water with his armour on. By then, Sun Quan had already boarded a ship and he was surprised and delighted to see Ling Tong still alive. Ling Tong was very saddened as all his close aides had died and he could not contain his sorrow. Sun Quan wiped Ling Tong's tears and said: "Gongji, let the dead go. As long as you live, why worry that you will have no men under you?" As Ling Tong's injuries were very severe, Sun Quan kept him on board the ship and let him have a change of clothing. With the aid of quality medicine, Ling Tong managed to survive. He was promoted to Lieutenant-General (偏將軍) later and given twice the number of troops he originally commanded.

Pacifying the Shanyue
The Shanyue were tribal peoples rooted in the Wuyue region of ancient China during the Han dynasty. Since the southern part of China was not directly administered by the Han government even though it was Han territory in name, the Shanyue people performed regular raids against Han citizens to gather living essentials. The Shanyue had been a nuisance for the Sun family and their forces since they first set foot in Jiangdong.

Sun Quan had launched countless campaigns against them, but to no avail because the Shanyue had been living in the hills for a long time, were familiar with the area, and would go into hiding once they lost a battle. However, Ling Tong attempted a different approach to deal with the Shanyue. He proposed that Sun Quan attempt to win the hearts of the Shanyue and assimilate them instead of purely using military force to hamper them. He reasoned that if they could impress the Shanyue with the dignity of Sun Quan's administration and potential rewards, the Shanyue would succumb to them without bloodshed. After he was granted the staff of authority to request materiel from counties when required, he led a unit with flamboyant weapons and armour to begin his grand tactics. When the Shanyue discovered Sun Quan's forces after the latter had already ventured deep into their territories, they were indeed stunned by Ling Tong's unit; then Ling came out and told them if they would join Sun Quan's army, handsome rewards would be offered. Ling Tong's plan was a great success – tens of thousands of Shanyue men came out from their homes and joined him. He then selected 10,000 able-bodied men to form a unit and returned. Because of Ling Tong's success, his strategy would be adopted and modified by Zhuge Ke, another Wu general, at a later time.

Death
During his journey to the Shanyue territories, Ling Tong passed by his hometown and stopped there for a visit. He treated the townsfolk with the utmost respect and humility even though he had achieved fame and glory. He died of illness on the return journey at the age of 28. When Sun Quan heard of Ling Tong's death, he was filled with grief for several days. In recognition of Ling Tong's contributions to his regime, Sun Quan ordered Zhang Cheng to write a eulogy for Ling Tong.

Descendants
Ling Tong's two sons – Ling Lie (凌烈) and Ling Feng (凌封) – were both very young when their father died. Sun Quan brought them to his palace and treated them as though they were his sons. When guests came to visit him, he pointed at Ling Tong's sons and said: "They are my tiger boys." When Ling Tong's sons reached the age of seven or eight, Sun Quan ordered Ge Guang (葛光) to teach them to read and write, and train them in horse-riding every ten days. When Ling Lie became older, in recognition of his father's meritorious service, Sun Quan granted him the title of a village marquis (亭侯) and placed him in charge of the unit which used to be commanded by his father. Ling Lie lost his marquis title later and was discharged from service because he committed an offence; the title and military post were passed on to Ling Feng.

Appraisal
Ling Tong respected and befriended members of the scholar-gentry. They admired him even though he was a military serviceman. Being receptive, he had a reputation for being accommodating towards men of talent. Even when he was busy with work, he always took time to receive visitors. He viewed righteousness and loyalty as important values and saw wealth as inferior. He was thus praised by Chen Shou as a guoshi. Once, Sun Quan's subjects recommended a famous talent, Sheng Xian, to him. Ling Tong was asleep when he heard that Sheng Xian had arrived to meet his lord. He immediately got out of bed to receive Sheng Xian and held Sheng's hand while leading him to meet Sun Quan. Note: This Sheng Xian (盛暹) is not the same person as Sheng Xian (盛憲) who was killed by Sun Quan.

Ling Tong was reputed to have a strong sense of righteousness. During the battle at Nan Commandery, Zhou Yu ordered Gan Ning to attack Yiling (夷陵; around present-day Yichang, Hubei). Cao Ren sent an army to attack Gan Ning and had him surrounded. Gan Ning hurriedly requested for reinforcements, but the generals did not have enough men to spare to save him and believed it was not sagacious to send reinforcements because that would dilute the main army. Lü Meng spoke up, saying that they should help Gan Ning. He proposed to Zhou Yu that Ling Tong stay behind to keep Cao Ren in check while the rest of the generals go to reinforce Gan Ning. Lü Meng boldly asserted that he had confidence that Ling Tong could hold on for ten days. Ling Tong then took up his duties with responsibility. He countered Cao Ren's attacks alone, and bought time for the other generals to rescue Gan Ning.

Ling Tong was also brave in admitting his mistakes and displayed fervent determination in his actions. In his earlier years, he struck down a superior officer called Chen Qin, who earlier insulted him and his late father. The incident caused Chen Qin to die of severe wounds several days later. Ling Tong then fought recklessly in the battle against the bandits after exclaiming that only through death could he cleanse his deep guilt. Thus, his attack turned out to be a huge success, yet he bound himself and surrendered to the discipline officer after the victorious battle to await his punishment. However, Sun Quan pardoned him on account of his achievements and promoted him to a higher military rank.

In Romance of the Three Kingdoms
Ling Tong is a character in the 14th-century historical novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms, which romanticises the historical events before and during the Three Kingdoms period. Although his role in the novel is generally similar to that of his historical counterpart, his conflict with Gan Ning is highly dramatised.

In Chapter 67, during a banquet to celebrate their victory over Cao Cao's forces at Wan County, Ling Tong feels jealous when he sees Lü Meng praising Gan Ning so he offers to perform a sword dance and wants to use the opportunity to kill Gan Ning and avenge his father. Gan Ning senses Ling Tong's intention so he also offers to perform with his pair of jis. When Lü Meng realises that they are about to get into a fight, he draws his sword, carries a shield and stands in the middle to separate them. When Sun Quan hears about the incident, he comes to the banquet hall, orders them to lay down their weapons, and chides them for fighting among themselves. As Ling Tong kneels down and weeps, Sun Quan tries to calm him down and repeatedly urges him to stop provoking Gan Ning.

In Chapter 68, after the Battle of Xiaoyao Ford, when Ling Tong engages Yue Jin in a duel, Cao Xiu fires an arrow which hits Ling Tong's horse and causes Ling Tong to fall off the horse's back. Just as Yue Jin moves in for the kill, he suddenly gets hit by an arrow in the face. Both sides immediately rush forth to rescue their respective generals and withdraw their forces after that. Later, Ling Tong is surprised to learn that it was Gan Ning who saved him. He kneels down, thanks Gan Ning for saving his life, and begs for forgiveness. Gan Ning forgives him. Since then, Ling Tong forgets his past feud with Gan Ning and they become close friends.

In popular culture
Ling Tong is featured as a playable character in Koei's Dynasty Warriors and Warriors Orochi video game series. He also appears in all instalments of Koei's Romance of the Three Kingdoms series.

title: Ling Tong


text: Category:Composting

title: Category:Composting


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Christoph Metzelder

Christoph Tobias Metzelder (born 5 November 1980) is a German former professional footballer who played as a centre-back.

Most of his professional career, which was spent mostly at Borussia Dortmund, was blighted by injuries. He did manage, however, to appear 47 times for the Germany national team, representing the country at two World Cups and Euro 2008.

Metzelder also played three seasons apiece for Real Madrid and Schalke 04, amassing Bundesliga totals of 178 matches and four goals over one full decade.

Borussia Dortmund
Metzelder was born in Haltern, North Rhine-Westphalia. In the summer of 2000 he signed with Borussia Dortmund from SC Preußen Münster, and he was an instant success. At the end of his first season in the Bundesliga he won his first cap for Germany, playing the second half of a 5–2 friendly win in Hungary on 15 August 2001.

The second campaign at Dortmund brought Metzelder the 2002 national title and 14 matches with Germany, all the way to the 2002 FIFA World Cup final with the latter. However, he missed the entire 2003–04 due to an Achilles tendon injury, and only took part in 16 league games in the following season.

After over two years out of the national squad, Metzelder was called by new boss Jürgen Klinsmann for a friendly with China, in October 2005. He also scored his first two league goals, in 1–1 draws against Mainz 05 and Hamburger SV, and would be Germany's undisputed starter at the 2006 World Cup, partnering with SV Werder Bremen's Per Mertesacker.

Real Madrid
On 18 April 2007, after failing to renew his contract at Borussia, Metzelder transferred to Real Madrid at the end of the season on a free transfer. In February 2008, after managing to be injury-free in the first months of his Spanish adventure, he had surgery on the sole of his foot, resulting in him missing nearly 60 days of action; on 11 May, after having already missed the UEFA Champions League round-of-16 clash against A.S. Roma, he returned and played the full 90 minutes against Real Zaragoza (2–2 away draw).

Despite his lack of playing time, Metzelder featured in all of Germany's matches at UEFA Euro 2008, again partnering Mertesacker. In 2008–09's La Liga, he was the main beneficiary of a ten-match suspension handed to Real's Pepe; after a stellar performance in a 4–2 win at Sevilla FC he also started in the 6–2 home defeat at the hands of FC Barcelona, for a career-best – in Spain – 12 appearances.

Metzelder left Real Madrid after his contract expired on 30 June 2010.

Return to Germany
On 27 April 2010, prior to the end of the campaign, Metzelder announced his return to Germany, agreeing on a three-year contract with FC Schalke 04, with which he had already played youth football 15 years earlier. His first two league games with the club, the first of 2010–11, ended with 2–1 losses, to Hamburger SV and Hannover 96.

Metzelder appeared in ten complete matches in the season's Champions League, in an eventual last-four run. He added five in the domestic cup victorious campaign, including the semi-finals against FC Bayern Munich (1–0 win) and the final against MSV Duisburg (5–0).

In May 2013, 32-year-old Metzelder announced his retirement from professional football at the end of the campaign. In July 2019, he was hired as a pundit by public broadcaster ARD. At the time of coming under criminal investigation in September 2019 he was a pundit for Sky Sports.

Personal life
Metzelder's younger brother, Malte, was also a footballer (and a centre-back), and both played for Borussia Dortmund.

He has one daughter, Emma (born 17 October 2009), with girlfriend Julia Gödicke.

In 2006 he founded an organisation helping socially disadvantaged German youth and continues to run it.

Possession of child pornography
Metzelder was being investigated for the potential distribution of child pornography, which led him to step down from his role as president of his former club TuS Haltern am See in September 2019.

On 4 September 2020, the district court of the city of Düsseldorf announced that an official charge had been filed against Metzelder by the prosecutor. The prosecutor did not express any specific suspicions. The district court stated in a press release that one female witness received 10 child pornographic pictures, another female witness received 16 child pornographic pictures and two child pornographic videos and a third female witness received one child pornographic picture—all distributed by using Metzelder's WhatsApp account. The statement also mentioned nearly 300 media files with child pornographic content having been found on Metzelder's confiscated cell phone. Metzelder himself had the allegations denied by his lawyers. On 14 September, it was reported that the Düsseldorf court's decision "indirectly stated" that Metzelder had confessed. His trial was on 29 April 2021 and he was sentenced to a ten-month suspended prison sentence for owning and distributing child pornography. Giving evidence at trial, he admitted he had collected and disseminated child pornography, and that he engaged in "extreme fantasies in chats."

In April 2021, Metzelder's lawyer stated Metzelder was in therapy for "certain issues such as sexuality or dealing with women in certain situations" but was "obviously not" a paedophile.

Honours
Borussia Dortmund
 * Bundesliga: 2001–02
 * DFB-Ligapokal runner-up: 2003
 * UEFA Cup runner-up: 2001–02

Real Madrid
 * La Liga: 2007–08
 * Supercopa de España: 2008

Schalke 04
 * DFB-Pokal: 2010–11
 * DFL-Supercup: 2011; runner-up: 2010

Germany
 * FIFA World Cup runner-up: 2002; third place: 2006
 * UEFA European Championship runner-up: 2008

Individual
 * Bravo Award: 2002

title: Christoph Metzelder


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/John Pudwill

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was ALREADY SPEEDIED, but not by me. -Splash 03:59, 31 July 2005 (UTC)

John Pudwill
Nonsense. Speedy deletion? --Ian Pitchford 17:57, 24 July 2005 (UTC)
 * I'm not sure if it is speedyable, but it is certainly deleteable! Sonic Mew | talk to me 18:59, July 24, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Nonsense. -- BD2412 talk 20:01, July 24, 2005 (UTC)
 * Call it a speedy, it's borderline for a few different criteria. It doesn't stand a chance here. Put it out of its misery. -R. fiend 21:21, 24 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete nn vanity. -- Etacar11   00:57, 25 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy Lupin 11:21, 25 July 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
User:Implementer

MUDs, from the point of view of a programmer, are "implemented" stories based on real life ideas and events, music, art and real-world systemic observations. They are psychological and socialogical, but most importantly, linguistic games of the mind.

title: User:Implementer


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/List of Roman Catholics

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was no consensus to delete -- Francs2000 | Talk 02:29, 5 August 2005 (UTC)

List of Roman Catholics
This is an overly broad list, which leads to significant incompleteness in each subcategory. Many more narrowly defined lists of Catholics exist - see Category:Roman Catholics. Should be deleted as a list of loosely associated topics, or made a redirect to Category:Roman Catholics or some other such article. NoSeptember 17:58, 24 July 2005 (UTC)

 * The list should be modified, but I'm not for deletion. As I said on the Talk page- it's about definition. Catholics are people once baptized in the Catholic Church who have not explicitely "crossed over" into some other faith. They may have become atheists or indifferent, but- this doesnt matter. Btw- was Luther a "Lutheran" ? Or Marx a "marxist" ? Mir Harven 18:15, 24 July 2005 (UTC)
 * See Talk:List of Roman Catholics for possible clarification.Mir Harven 18:43, 24 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete. Use category instead. It's a controversial issue anyway, as a lot of people are Roman Catholic but aren't practicing. Even Eminem is allegedly, theoretically one, but he obviously doesn't practice. Not to mention the category is potentially huge, and would probably have to be broken up into "American Catholics," etc. -newkai | talk | contribs 18:22, July 24, 2005 (UTC)

 * Strong Keep Personally, I think any excuse to delete this list will be attempted! Why is that I wonder? It's not a "controversial" issue either. I have no problems with lists of Methodists and Baptists, Jews and Muslims. But if anyone dares to make a comprehensive list of Catholics the world's is somehow threatened!? I'm all for breaking up the list so that some of the bigger sub-sections can be their own pages. This page is still valid. Dwain 18:32, July 24, 2005 (UTC)
 * The breaking up of this list as you describe is what Category:Roman Catholics already does. We can create an article for any subcategory on this list that does not already have one, but many subcategories already have their own article (so we are duplicating effort here).  NoSeptember  18:40, 24 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Potentally ginormous list. Delete.  And if List of Muslims or List of Jews exist, consider listing them here as well. humblefool® 19:13, 24 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Me again. Double standards ? List_of_Lutherans, List_of_Latter-day_Saints, List_of_Buddhists, or: Lists_of_people_by_belief. Keep, but: modify & break. Mir Harven 19:52, 24 July 2005 (UTC)
 * If someone were to place these articles up for VFD I'd vote to delete for the same reasons as given below. I might even do so myself if I have the time. 23skidoo 21:33, 24 July 2005 (UTC)

 * PLEASE DO NOT DELETE--I HAVE SPENT SO MUCH TIME AND MONEY (AT KINKO'S) TRYING TO KEEP THE LIST UPDATED. I HAVE DONE SO WITH METICULOUSNESS AND SINCE IT IS SOMETHING I KNOW A LOT ABOUT I HAVE ENJOYED DOING IT.  THE PROBLEM SEEMS TO BE THAT TOO MUCH INFO. IS PRESENT, NOT THAT IT IS INACCURATE OR INCOMPLETE OR ANYTHING LIKE THAT!!  (rms125a@hotmail.com)
 * Above unsigned vote is by User:63.164.145.85 who I can verify has added well over 100 names to the list just in the last few days. It would seem reasonable to count his vote.  NoSeptember  21:40, 24 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Seems redundant with the cateogry and all, and open to anyone throwing their name in the list, particularly as, unlike some other lists, no one is famous just for being a Catholic. I think the same goes for other religion lists. Categories are better. Delete. -R. fiend 21:19, 24 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Far too broad and unmaintainable. There is already Roman Catholics category (which in itself is too broad) and a number of R.C. subcategories. 23skidoo 21:31, 24 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete this and also the categories, all of which are completely absurd. There are more than one billion catholics in the world, and that does not even include dead people. A large proportion of biography articles would have to be linked there and also be put into those categories. You could just as well make a list of men and a list of woman plus categories. Martg76 21:47, 24 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep - It's a subset of List of Christians which is similar to List of Muslims... I don't think every religious affiliation list is going to be deleted and I don't see how this is different than the others. I do think it might be wise to break it up into sub-lists just as it is a sub-list of the Christians list gren 22:22, 24 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. The list in unmaintainable. There are millions of catholics in the world and wikipedia is not a telephone book. Fbergo 22:46, 24 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Well, I think it is implying notable Catholics. gren 23:26, 24 July 2005 (UTC)

PLEASE DO NOT DELETE--I HAVE SPENT SO MUCH TIME AND MONEY (AT KINKO'S) TRYING TO KEEP THE LIST UPDATED. I HAVE DONE SO WITH METICULOUSNESS AND SINCE IT IS SOMETHING I KNOW A LOT ABOUT I HAVE ENJOYCED DOING IT. THE PROBLEM SEEMS TO BE THAT TOO MUCH INFO. IS PRESENT, NOT THAT IT IS INACCURATE OR INCOMPLETE OR ANYTHING LIKE THAT!! (rms125a@hotmail.com) Addendum to previous message: I think that it would be best to simply place a moratorium on any new additions or edits to the "List of Roman Catholics", so that a division by category can be arranged. I did not realize that space would be such an issue for Wikipedia--as a near-computer illiterate, I thought cyberspace was unlimited, but I see there is a problem, so as of 12:01 A.M. (7/25/05), a MORATORIUM should be installed prohibiting any new additions, deletions, edits, etc., only permitting viewing. Thanks for your attention!! Robert Sieger (rms125a@hotmail.com)
 * A moratorium is not necessary. The information in the list will be preserved, either in the current list, new subcategory lists, or in the category scheme (although there are a lot of red links), and it will be at least 5 days before any action is taken as a result of this vote.  NoSeptember  23:41, 24 July 2005 (UTC)

Thank you "NoSeptember". R. Sieger (rms125a@hotmail.com)
 * If I may give Mr. Sieger a piece of advice, I wouldn't recommend using Wikipedia as a "back up" or a personal storehouse for information (in fact the comments above nearly made me vote delete based upon the no original research rule based upon the impression I got). Anything posted here can be deleted, altered, vandalized, or what have you at any time, and Wikipedia itself has a habit of becoming inaccessible with annoying regularity. If there is any research or information in any article that you've created that you really don't want to lose, I suggest making a back-up of it to either your hard drive or a printed hardcopy ASAP. 23skidoo 00:52, 25 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Break into smaller individual articles. It could be useful, but it's far too overwhelming as one page. - Che Nuevara, the Democratic Revolutionary 05:44, 25 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Having read the "delete answers", I've came to a unanimous (hehheh..) conclusion: the list must be kept. Arguments for deletion go something like this: yeah, and List of Muslims, List of Jews, List of Buddhists, .., too.. It won't happen. These list will not be deleted. So- either all or not a single one. Since the former option is out of question- the RCC list must stay (albet radically modified in not a few features). Since I was the one who has been, initially, the most suspicious about the RCC list, I can ask with some authority: why is this list here at all ? Not accompanied by other fellow lists ? Now, the whole affair begins to smack of something...undesirable. Mir Harven 07:48, 25 July 2005 (UTC)

 * I'm having difficulty figuring out what encyclopedic purpose the list serves. Is it so that someone writing an article on the Church could use it as a source for "oh, and X, Y, & Z are famous Catholics"? Aside from that (which could easily be handled through the category) I don't see a purpose for it. As much as I love to see new articles on the Church, I think this one has to be a delete. -- Essjay ·  Talk 09:28, July 25, 2005 (UTC)
 * What's the purpose of List_of_Muslims or List of Buddhists ? I don't know-but they are here. And, it looks like: here to stay. No double standards, no, no...Mir Harven 11:48, 25 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Have you considered nominating them for deletion instead of just asserting that they won't be deleted? -- Essjay ·  Talk 12:36, July 25, 2005 (UTC)
 * Are you kidding ? See this: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Lists_of_people_by_belief, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Lists_of_Christians, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Lists_of_Jews. There are more than 30 denomination-based lists. Most of them have been hotly debated over before & there is no chance wikipedians galore who have put their efforts into making them would even contemplate removing them. Get real. Mir Harven 13:39, 25 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete all lists potentially longer than 1 million people, including this one. They add no value. :) — RJH 14:52, 25 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Keep, It is both very accurate and relevant. The length shouldn't matter.Gateman1997 18:00, 25 July 2005 (UTC)

To: "23skidoo"--I had, in fact, done just what you suggested, and saved a fairly recent version of this whole category as an email I sent to my own Hotmail account. Thanks for the advice!
 * Weak keep. I agree with a lot of what Essjay and RJH say but their objections could also be resolved by scaling back the list to the most prominent examples in the various categories.  Listing more than 1,000 actors and actresses rather than the few dozen most highly acclaimed ones makes the list less useful rather than more useful, IMO. DS1953 03:02, July 26, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete unmaintainable list. JamesBurns 06:36, 26 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep There are several people actively maintaining this list, so despite its potential size, it will be better maintained than many other lists here. If deleted, we need a comprehensive set of lists by topic (occupation/nationality/et cetera) to cover all that would otherwise be in this list. - User:Doohickey July 26, 2005
 * Delete. The Category:Roman Catholics at least constrains the "membership" to notable people. If it is only a list after all then how about my grandparents, parents, us, our kids, our ... well, you get my point. And have you seen the red link farm under the Activists section? Well heck, I suppose all of my parish priests could be considered activists. And why in the world is Bobby Fischer listed under Criminals and Misfits? Who is going to patrol that kind of edit? I see lots of opportunity for mischief here. hydnjo talk 03:02, 27 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Vandalism. User 70.18.211.240 has added a few names (either evidently non-Catholic ones, like Bobby Fischer or politically charged (Albanian leader Karsniqi)) with rather clear purpose of undermining list's credibility. Whatever this may be- this is becoming interesting. As if someone tries, surreptitiously, to get the list deleted. Hmmm....food for thought. Mir Harven 10:31, 27 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete along with all similar lists. There is no point nor encyclopedic value to such a list. I could see a point to "List of famous Roman Catholics" (though I don't like lists and would oppose it still), but as it is, this seems to be nothing more than a list of everyone mentioned on Wikipedia who happens to be Catholic. --Kadett 04:04, 27 July 2005 (UTC)
 * You make a good point and that's why Category:Roman Catholics does the job so well. By definition, anyone in this category would have an article and thus be notable. hydnjo talk 16:27, 27 July 2005 (UTC)
 * I think the difference is that you can organize it better than in categories. By occupation, by time period, etc. gren 19:49, 27 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Categories can be rich in subcategories (this one has sixteen) which serve the same purpose. Also, a person can easily reside in more than one subcategory and with much better visibity than in a list. hydnjo talk 22:01, 27 July 2005 (UTC)

 * delete If a list is to be encyclopaedic it must have the potential to be comprehensive and complete. By definition this list can never be either.--Porturology 04:08, 27 July 2005 (UTC)\

To all concerned--I did put Bobby Fischer in as a misfit by mistake because I forgot that the issue was the religion (and he is not Catholic, although he IS a MISFIT) of the individual not the character; also I realized my mistake with Krasniqi and deleted it, but it was on my mind and I am planning to email the Attorney General and whoever else I can think of regarding this Florin Krasniqi who has been an arms trafficker for the past DECADE and it is not a secret that he wants to ethnically cleanse Kosovo of its remaining Serbs; this so bothered me that I posted him, but then realized that he is a Muslim and deleted it. Sorry!! R. Sieger (rms125a@hotmail.com) (aka 70.18.207.16 with these  contribs.)

 * I swear that I did not hire this dude to support my position in favor of this VfD. ;-) hydnjo talk 00:20, 28 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Keep This list is useful, even if it potentially duplicates much of the functionality of Category:Roman Catholics. Furthermore, it is unreasonable to propose it for deletion and not the dozens of other lists.  If one really wants to delete this, one should first develop a concensus to Catergory-ify and delete _all_ lists, and begin executing that concensus on less-controversial lists. Rast 00:07, July 28, 2005 (UTC)

 * Strong Keep While I believe lists do not belong in an Encyclopedia, they are now an engrained part of Wikipedia. If any list has any right to exist, this one should.  However, it mostly seems to be a list of famous or notable Roman Catholics.  I vote keep, but I strongly encourage consideration of "Notable Roman Catholics".
 * (above unsigned comment by Jvraba) NoSeptember
 * Does that mean no red links allowed? If so, then I agree with you. hydnjo talk
 * I think it is fairly obvious that this list will not be deleted. But- the point is how to arrange it ? I guess it cannot stay in this form, so, to avoid possible "mammothing", it would be good to break it into a few lists. Just- I don't see how. If a division would be along national lines (Spanish, US, Dutch,..), it just creates more confusion. If it's vocational/professional (writers, scientists, politicians,..)- the naming is problematic (Marcel Proust was an author who was, techically, a Catholic. But, he was not a "Catholic author".). I'd say the list has to be divided. But, how ? Mir Harven 17:18, 28 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Keep and break. It's obviously not unmaintainable, as people have been maintaining it—it's hard to patrol for vandals and self-promoters, yes, but the alternative seems POV-ish. If there are lists of Lutherans, Jews, Muslims, and others, and the Catholic list is deleted, it seems as if Catholicism is the "default" religion here, and the other lists are deviations from it. While I have an opinion on this, I don't think it ought to be asserted as fact. :.) Breaking it up will ease patrolling the pages. My kingdom for a relational database... → ( AllanBz ✎ ) 03:13, 29 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Keep and break Agree with what others say about breaking the list up. --Chris 05:20, 29 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Strong delete This is why categories exist, no need for a list, specially for a list with tons of nonverifiable material like this one. drini ☎ 23:05, 29 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Strong keep Important list User:Khanada 21:07 1 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Strong keep The category does not give the reference info that this list maintains i.e. if the person was/is a politician, what office do they hold? This list lets you know without going to the individual entry. Big time saver! Camille

Strange, it's happening to an article about Catholics... there seems to be some bias.User:Cockney
 * Strong Keep A very comprehensive list and therefore mustn't be deleted.

 * Keep Perhaps some modifications would be beneficial, though it is unnecesary to delete the article; the question of deletion is of special interest to me as a Catholic and as a contributor to the page.--Thomas Aquinas 20:32, 3 August 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


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Wikipedia:Today's second feature

Today's second feature is a section on the Main Page alternative (Classic 2006), a main page alternative that displays the style of the Main Page in February 2006, where additional areas of Wikipedia are displayed. On weekdays it highlights new articles with the Did You Know section (DYK). On weekends it shows the Picture of the Day (POTD) from Wikipedia's Featured Pictures.

This rotating section was originally implemented in July 2005 as a compromise after there were requests to add the POTD to the Main Page, combined with complaints that DYK was badly maintained at the time (see archived discussion). Today's second feature appeared on the Main Page until a new design was implemented in March 2006.

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title: Wikipedia:Today's second feature


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Kahoku (disambiguation)

Kahoku is the name of several places in Japan:

 * Kahoku, Ishikawa, a small city in Ishikawa Prefecture
 * Kahoku District, Ishikawa, a district in Ishikawa Prefecture
 * Kahoku, Kōchi, a defunct town in Kochi Prefecture
 * Kahoku, Kumamoto, a defunct town in Kumamoto Prefecture
 * Kahoku, Yamagata, a town in Yamagata Prefecture

title: Kahoku (disambiguation)