text:
Pomorian Old-Orthodox Church

The Pomorian Old Orthodox Church (Древлеправославная поморская церковь), also known as the Pomorian Church, Danilovtsy, Danilov's confession, or simply as Pomorians, is a branch of the priestless faction of the Old Believers, born of a schism within the Russian Orthodox Church at the end of the 17th century. They should not be confused with Pomors, who were inhabitants of the coast of the White Sea. Pomortsy (поморцы) was founded in Russian Karelia, by the Vyg River (Выг), by Danila Vikulin and the Denisov brothers. It became an official registered organization in 1909, after the "Freedom of Religion" manifesto was published on April 17, 1905, although it existed prior to that. The Pomorian Church saw several splits occur since its inception in 1694, including the Filippians and Fedoseyans who refused to pray for the Czar (моление за царя), and a major split during the 1800s, between Novopomortsy ("New Pomortsy"), who recognized marriage, and Staropomortsy ("Old Pomortsy"), who did not.

History

The Pomorian soglasiye (Согласие, which means "creed" or "confession") is a group of bespopovtsy ("priestless") Old Believers, who abandoned the practice of receiving "runaway priests" after the death of the last pre-Raskol (schism) priests of the Russian Orthodox Church. In the absence of the priesthood, they began to elect literate laity to conduct services.

The Pomorian creed was formed in 1694, when the Vygovsky men's monastery (Vygovsky obschezhitelstvo) was founded in Pomorye by the Vyg river, which became the spiritual center for the entire creed from the early 17th to the middle 19th century as well as an ideological center for the priestless Old Believers. On the basis of the Solovetsky Monastery rules, the Pomorian service rules for the laity were created without words, which were given by priests.

In 1706, the Leksinskiy female monastery was founded. The Vygovsky monastery is famous for compiling its “Pomorian Answers,” which became the basis of its religious doctrine. In 1738, some Pomorians had started praying for the Tsar. This provoked a split in their community. Those that have not accepted praying for the Czar (моление за царя) during their services, formed the Filippovskiy (who also practiced self-immolation) and the Fedoseevtsy agreements. These subsequent groups also experienced additional divisions and splits later on.

Initially Pomortsy denied the sanctity of marriage. However, in the early 1830s, the Pomorian community became divided on the issue into Staropomortsy (Old-Pomorians), who continued to deny the sanctity of marriage, and the Novopomortsy (New-Pomorians), who allowed the transfer of property by inheritance and legalized marital relations outside the church marriage. The Novopomortsy also attracted members from other Old Believer groups who are disgruntled with the strict attitude towards marriage.

The official church registered with the government as a "church organization" after the "Freedom of Religion" manifesto publication on April 17, 1905. The first All-Russian Pomorian Council was held from May 1–10, 1909, in Moscow, the second in 1912. Local communities of Pomorians also became important economic centers of northern Russia in the early 19th century.

After the revolution of 1917, Pomorians outside of Russia have formed organizational centers in their countries of residence.

Organization
The Pomorian Old Orthodox Churches are headed by National Councils and Spiritual Commissions in Russia, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Poland, Belarus, and Ukraine. There are also Pomorian parishes in the United States, Brazil, and elsewhere. According to 2001 data, in Lithuania there are over 27,000 Old Believers in 59 officially registered parishes of the Pomorian Church. According to 2021 data, in Latvia there are 65 officially registered parishes of the Pomorian Church.

 * Council of the Pomorian Old-Orthodox Church in Russia (Russian: Российский Совет Древлеправославной Поморской Церкви)
 * Chairman - Vladimir Viktorovich Shamarin (since March 2018)

 * Supreme Council of the Pomorian Old-Orthodox Churches in Vilnius, Lithuania (Russian: Высший Совет Древлеправославной Поморской Церкви Литвы)
 * Chairman - Grigory Boyarov (since February 2007)

 * Central Council of the Pomorian Old-Orthodox Churches in Latvia (Russian: Центральный Совет Древлеправославной Поморской церкви Латвии)
 * acting Chairman - John Zhilko (since 2021)

 * Union of Pomorian Old Believer Parishes in Estonia (Russian: Союз старообрядческих приходов Эстонии)
 * Chairman - Paul G. Varunin (since 1998)

 * Supreme Council of the Pomorian Old Believers Churches in the Eastern Republic of Poland (Russian: Высший Совет Восточной Старообрядческой Церкви в Польской Республике)
 * Chairman - Mieczyslaw Terent'evich Kaplans (since July 2006)

 * Central Council of the Pomorian Old-Orthodox Churches in the Republic of Belarus (Russian: Центральный Совет Древлеправославной Поморской Церкви в Республике Беларусь)
 * Chairman - Alexander Belov (since October 2010)

 * Central Council of the Pomorian Old-Orthodox Churches in Ukraine (Russian: Центрального Совета Древлеправославная Поморская Церкови Украины)
 * Chairman - Nicola Venediktovich Babichev (since May 2003)

title: Pomorian Old-Orthodox Church


text:
Kamil Sonad

Kamil Sonad (1914, year of death unknown) was a Turkish sculptor.

Sonad was born in Istanbul in 1914, a student of Rudolf Belling. His early work began with classical nudes, aiming to represent the modern woman of the Republic of Turkey. Much of his early work was in plaster. Sonad is deceased.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Kamil Sonad


text: User talk:83.104.229.109

title: User talk:83.104.229.109


text:
Talk:Bill Ritter (journalist)

please address mr Biden as president Biden I think it’s very disrespectful

Untitled
This article has been kept following this VFD debate. Sjakkalle (Check!)  10:30, 13 July 2005 (UTC) bill riiter at 6 and 11

A governor of a state is much more important than an TV anchorman. Bill Ritter should go directly to the governor not a disambiguation page. Tocino 7:48 P.M., April 20, 2007 (CST)

I disagree. The anchor in question is a New York City anchor, the nation's largest market, and occasionally substitutes on national news shows. He's probably better-known than Colorado's governor.--Gloriamarie 20:15, 5 August 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:Bill Ritter (journalist)


text:
List of psychiatric hospitals in Australia

This is a list of operational and former Australian psychiatric hospitals.

Australian Capital Territory
There are no institutions known to have existed.

Northern Territory
There are no asylums known to have existed.

South Australia

 * Glenside Hospital
 * James Nash House

Tasmania

 * Cascades Female Factory
 * Royal Derwent Hospital (Willow Court) – This hospital was the oldest operating hospital for the mentally ill in Australia, operating from 1830–2000
 * Royal Hobart Hospital Unit K
 * Northside Clinic
 * Millbrook Rise
 * Spencer Clinic

Victoria
Pleasant View Receiving House in Preston (short lived). Heatherton Hospital in south east Melbourne.


text:
Bernstorff

The Bernstorff family is the name of an old and distinguished German-Danish noble family which originated from Mecklenburg, Germany. Members of the family held the title of Count/Countess, granted to them on 14 December 1767 by King Christian VII of Denmark.

Notable members

 * Andreas Gottlieb von Bernstorff (1649–1726), Hanoverian minister who accompanied George I to Britain when he became King
 * Johann Hartwig Ernst von Bernstorff (1712–1772), Danish statesman
 * Andreas Peter Bernstorff (1735–1797), Danish state minister
 * Christian Günther von Bernstorff (1769–1835), Danish and Prussian statesman
 * Joachim Frederik Bernstorff (1771–1835), Danish statesman
 * Albrecht von Bernstorff (1809–1873), diplomat, Prussian Foreign Minister (1861–1862)
 * Andreas Bernstorff (1811–1864), Danish military officer
 * Berthold von Bernstorff (1842–1917), German politician and owner of Schiermonnikoog
 * Percy von Bernstorff (1858–1930), German public official
 * Johann Heinrich von Bernstorff (1862–1939), German diplomat
 * Georg Ernst von Bernstorff (1870–1939), German politician
 * Albrecht von Bernstorff, German diplomat and resistance fighter

title: Bernstorff


text:
Tyning

Tyning is a name-element occurring commonly in north-east Somerset, England—most of all in the Bath area, though also as far as Cheddar in the south-west, and over the borders into Wiltshire and Gloucestershire. It is used of three woodlands, of several farms, and also in at least a score of street names, as well as the names of schools in Staple Hill and in Henbury in Bristol (e.g. The Tynings School), and in the name used of a part of the town of Radstock. There are outlying uses in Sussex and Ulster, and in street names in Droitwich, Walsall, and Wolverhampton.

The manner of its use suggests that it is or was a common noun, but its meaning is obscure. The word may derive from the meaning to "enclose with a hedge or fence; to fence, to hedge in" given for the verb 'tine' or 'tyne' in the Oxford English Dictionary 2nd edition. Richard Verstegan (aka Rowlands), A Restitution of Decayed Intelligence (1605) gives the usages ''“Betyned. Hedged-about. {W}ee vse yet in some partes of England, to say tyning for hedging.” However, it does not appear in the Oxford English Dictionary, in Chambers, or in the Linguistic Atlas of England (Orton &c, Leeds University Press, London, 1978)''. Pevsner (The Buildings of England: Bristol and North Somerset, Penguin, 1958) mentions it only in passing, to refer to an Iron Age long barrow at Tyning Farm, Cheddar.

title: Tyning


text:
Sébastien Bourdon

Sébastien Bourdon (2 February 1616 – 8 May 1671) was a French painter and engraver. His chef d'œuvre is The Crucifixion of St. Peter made for the cathedral of Notre Dame.

Biography
Bourdon was born in Montpellier, France, the son of a Protestant painter on glass. He was apprenticed to a painter in Paris. In spite of his poverty he managed to get to Rome in 1636. There he studied the paintings of masters such as Nicolas Poussin, Claude Lorrain and Caravaggio. He was forced to flee Rome in 1638, fearing prosecution for his Reformed Protestant faith.

He lived in Paris from 1637 to 1652. In 1648, Bourdon was one of the founders of the French Royal Academy of Painting and Sculpture and was elected as one of the original twelve elders in charge of its running.

In 1652 he departed for Sweden, where Queen Christina of Sweden made him her first court painter.

Bourdon's facility rendered him adept at portraiture, whether in a dashing Rubens manner or in intimate, sympathetic bust-length or half-length portraits isolated against plain backgrounds that set a formula for middle-class portraiture for the rest of the century, landscapes in the manner of Gaspar Dughet or capricci of ruins, mythological "history painting" like other members of Poussin's circle or the genre subjects of the Dutch Bamboccianti who were working in Rome. His eclectic range of styles have given art historians exercise in tracing his adaptation of his models, while the lack of an immediately recognizable "Bourdon style" has somewhat dampened public appreciation. Some of his work was in the neoclassical style of Parisian Atticism.

Bourdon spent most of his working career outside France, where, though he was a founding member of the Académie royale, he was for long largely dismissed as a pasticheur, a situation partly rectified by a comprehensive exhibition in 2000 of his work at the Musée Fabre, Montpelier (whose collection includes a fine Lamentation painted in the last years of his life).

His success required the establishment of an extensive atelier, where his pupils included Nicolas-Pierre Loir and Pierre Mosnier. He died in Paris in 1671.

title: Sébastien Bourdon


text: Category:Synchronous programming languages


text:
Melicertus

Melicertus is a genus of "king" prawns, comprising eight species which were previously classified as members of the genus Penaeus:
 * Melicertus canaliculatus (Olivier, 1811) - witch prawn
 * Melicertus hathor (Burkenroad, 1959)
 * Melicertus kerathurus (Forskål, 1775) - caramote prawn, striped prawn
 * Melicertus latisulcatus (Kishinouye, 1896) - western king prawn (Australia)
 * Melicertus longistylus (Kubo, 1943) - redspot king prawn
 * Melicertus marginatus (Randall, 1840) - aloha prawn
 * Melicertus plebejus (Hess, 1865) - eastern king prawn
 * Melicertus similis Chanda & Bhattacharya, 2002

title: Melicertus


text:
Labbu

The Labbu Myth is an ancient Mesopotamian creation epic. Only one copy of it is known from the Library of Ashurbanipal. It is commonly dated no later than the Old Babylonian period, although recent work suggests a later composition. It is a folktale possibly of the Diyala region, since the later version seems to feature the god Tišpak as its protagonist and may be an allegory representing his replacement of the chthonic serpent-god Ninazu at the top of the pantheon of the city of Eshnunna. This part is played by Nergal in the earlier version. It was possibly a precursor of the Enûma Eliš, where Labbu – meaning "Raging One" or "lion", was the prototype of Tiamat and of the Canaanite tale of Baal fighting Yamm. Other similar texts include the Myth of Anzu and KAR 6.

Depending on the reading of the first character in the antagonist's name (always written as KAL and may be read as: Lab, Kal, Rib or Tan), the text might also be called The Slaying of Labbu or Kalbu Myth.

Text
The following translation of the Labbu Myth comes from Ayali-Darshan 2020. The cities became dilapidated, the lands [...]

The people decreased in number [...]

To their lamentation [... did] no[t ...]

On their cry, he has no [pity].

'Who [created] the serpent (MUŠ)?'

'Sea [created] the serpent,

Enlil in heaven designed [his shape]:

His length is 50 bēru (-measure), [his width] one bēru,

Half a nindanu (-measure) his mouth, one ninandu [his ...],

One nindanu the span of [his] e[ars].

For five nindanu he [...] birds,

In the water, nine amma (-measure deep) he drags [...]

He raises his tail [...]'.

All the gods of heaven [were afraid]

In heaven, the gods bowed down before [...]

And the moon's [face] was darkened at its edges.

'Who will go and [kill] Labb[u]?

(Who) will sa[ve ...] the broad land

And exercis[e] kingship [...]?'

'Go, Tišpak, k[ill] Labbu!

Save the broad land [...]!

And exercise kingship [...]!'

You have sent me, O lord, [to kill] the offspring of the River (nāri),

(But) I do not know Labbu's [countenance].

[...] He opened his mouth and [spoke] to [...]:

'Make the clouds (and) the terrible storm arise [...]

[Hold] in front of you the seal (of) your neck,

Shoot (it) and ki[ll] Labbu!'

(Then) he made the clouds (and) the terrible storm [...]

The seal (of) his neck (he held) in front of him,

He shot (it) and [killed] Labbu.

For three years, three months, day and ni[ght]

the blood of Labbu flowed [...].

Synopsis
Extant in two very fragmentary copies; an Old Babylonian one and a later Assyrian from the Library of Ashurbanipal, which have no complete surviving lines – the Labbu Myth relates the tale of a possibly leonine but certainly serpentine monster: a fifty-league long Bašmu (mušba-aš-ma) or sixty-league long Mušḫuššu ( MUŠ-ḪUŠ ), depending on the version and reconstruction of the text. The opening of the Old Babylonian version recalls that of The Epic of Gilgamesh: "The cities sigh, the people... The people decreased in number,... For their lamentation there was none to..."

The vast dimensions of Labbu are described. The sea (tāmtu) has given birth to the dragon (line 6). The fragmentary line: "He raises his tail..." identifies him according to Neil Forsyth as a precursor of a later adversary; the dragon of Revelation 12:4, whose tail swept a third of the stars of heaven, and cast them down to earth.

In the later version, Labbu is created by the god Enlil who "drew [a picture of] the dragon in the sky" to wipe out humanity whose raucous noise has been disturbing his sleep, a recurring motif in Babylonian creation epics. Whether this refers to the Milky Way (Heidel 1963) or a comet (Forsyth 1989) is not clear. The gods are terrified by the apparition of this monstrous creature and appeal to the moon god Sin or the goddess Aruru who addresses Tišpak/Nergal to counter the threat and "exercise kingship", presumably over Eshnunna, as a reward. Tišpak/Nergal raises objections to tangling with the serpent but – after a gap in the narrative, a god whose name is not preserved provides guidance on military strategy. A storm erupts and the victor, who may or may not be Tišpak or Nergal, in accordance with the advice given, fires an arrow to slay the beast.

The fragments of the epic are not part of a cosmogony as noted by Forsyth; since the cities of men are already in existence when the narrative takes place. Frans Wiggerman interpreted the myth's function as a way of justifying Tishpak's ascension to status of king, "as a consequence of his 'liberation' of the nation, sanctioned by the decision of a divine council."

Principal publications

 * plates 34-35 of tablet Rm 282 (line art)
 * plate 6 of tablet VAT 9443 (line art)
 * (translation)
 * (translation)
 * (translation)
 * (translation)
 * (transliteration and translation)
 * (translation)

title: Labbu


text:
Talk:Swing Bridge, River Tyne

end of the Tyne keel?
Is not one major point about this bridge that it made obsolete the Tyne keel, which carried coal to the colliers that shipped it out of the Tyne to the various markets in which it was sold? The ability to load coal directly into colliers must have been a huge cost saving for the transport of coal. Can no expert on the Tyne find a good source to expand on this point? I only have references that make passing mention of this. ThoughtIdRetired (talk) 17:31, 5 December 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Swing Bridge, River Tyne


text:
Guys 'n' Dolls

Guys 'n' Dolls were a UK pop group, initially comprising a three-girl/three-boy line-up and later becoming two-girl/two-boy. In the mid-1970s, they scored UK top-ten hits with the singles "There's a Whole Lot of Loving" and "You Don't Have to Say You Love Me". In the late 1970s they found further success in the Netherlands, where they had a number-one hit with "You're My World".

Career
Guys 'n' Dolls were formed in November 1974, after Ammo Productions held auditions for three young men and three young women to perform as a vocal group. The six original members were Paul Griggs, David Van Day, Dominic Grant, Thereza Bazar, Martine Howard and Julie Forsyth (daughter of entertainer Bruce Forsyth).

Guys 'n' Dolls released their first hit single, "There's a Whole Lot of Loving", in January 1975. The song was originally recorded in September 1974 by a group of session singers (including Tony Burrows and Clare Torry) for a TV advertisement for McVitie's biscuits. Guys 'n' Dolls were formed to cash in upon the popularity of the jingle and to present it as a single. However, the group was not ready in time to record an entirely new version for the single's hasty release and so the voices of the session singers remained on the single. The song became an immediate hit, rising to No. 2 in the UK singles chart, launching the group to overnight stardom.

The following year, the group scored highly again as their cover of "You Don't Have to Say You Love Me" peaked at No.5. Other singles by the group charted more modestly and they only had one hit album, Guys 'n Dolls, released in 1975. In 1977, however, they scored a No.1 hit in both the Netherlands and Belgium with "You're My World", launching them on a new phase of their career.

By mid-1977, Van Day and Bazar were unhappy with the direction of the group, and their complaints led to the management asking them to leave. By mutual agreement, publicity at the time showed leaving the group was their own decision, to concentrate on songwriting. The duo, as Dollar, had several hits in the late 1970s and 1980s. Guys 'n' Dolls continued as a quartet, with their third album Together (1977) depicting just the four remaining members. The group scored a final minor hit in the UK in 1978, and, after failing to renew their contract with Magnet Records, concentrated on their success in the Netherlands, where they continued having hits for the next few years. In late 1978, the group performed as the opening act for Frank Sinatra in a series of London concerts.

In 1979, the group took part in the A Song For Europe contest, hoping to represent the UK in the Eurovision Song Contest with the song "How Do You Mend a Broken Heart?". The show was abandoned due to a BBC strike, but the song finished in tenth place of the 12 entries when the judges cast votes on the audio recordings of the songs. In 1980, Forsyth and Grant had their first child together, and Martine Howard and Guys 'n' Dolls' record producer Gerard Stellaard married and moved to the Netherlands. After marrying, Howard left the group, and was replaced by Forsyth's younger sister Laura early in 1981. The change was short-lived, as Laura was replaced by Rosie Hetherington, who had previously been a part of the dance troupe Legs & Co.

Guys 'n' Dolls finished as a unit in December 1985, having spent 11 years together. Grant and Forsyth performed as the duo Grant & Forsyth, and had another five hits in the Netherlands. In 1988, Forsyth wrote the UK's Eurovision Song Contest entry "Go" performed by Scott Fitzgerald. Both Forsyth and Grant, with ex-Jigsaw member Des Dyer, sang backing vocals for the song's performance at the contest in Dublin, Ireland. The song finished second by a margin of one point behind Celine Dion's song for Switzerland.

The original line-up of Guys 'n' Dolls (Grant, Forsyth, Griggs, Howard, Van Day and Bazar) reunited for the first time in 31 years for a major television show in the Netherlands in March 2008. This included a number of press and TV interviews.

Griggs has published a book called Diary of a Musician, based on diaries he kept from 1960 onwards. It includes a large in-depth section on the story of Guys 'n' Dolls.

Dominic Grant died at his home on 18 November 2020 at the age of 71.

Discography

 * Guys 'n' Dolls (1975)
 * The Good Times (1976)
 * Together (1977)
 * Our Songs (1980)
 * Happy Together (1982)

title: Guys 'n' Dolls


text:
Talk:Sectarianism in Glasgow

Comment
deleted the line about Johnson as it is not factually correct

Orange walks
Why are they tucked under "Northern Ireland"? 125.239.210.247 23:46, 20 April 2007 (UTC)

 * Yeah, the heading makes no sense. The section is about what happens in Scotland, not Northern Ireland. I will change it. Spylab 00:17, 21 April 2007 (UTC)

Loyalist Immigration
Something that has always bothered me....Loyalist immigration.*

Is it not true that the extreme protestantism/orangism was brought over by Loyalist immigrants? All the talk seems to be about Catholic migration, yes most immigrants were Catholic but there were a few Protestants who seem to have had such a great influence.

Essentially is it not true that the North's troubles had been shifted onto Scottish soil?

 * = Please note. Loyalist immigrition does not bother me, the fact that it is not mentioned does.

 * Not sure when the above comment was added, so for the benefit of others reading this; the majority of immigrants into Scotland from Ireland identified themselves as Protestants, with only around a third identifying themselves as Catholic. --Connelly90[AlbaGuBràth] (talk) 09:35, 31 May 2011 (UTC)
 * it was actually 3 quarters catholic, 1 quarter protestant, but virtually all immigrants were from northern ireland.Monkeymanman (talk) 15:21, 31 May 2011 (UTC)

 * I've checked my sources and you're right, I misread it; Cheers. --Connelly90[AlbaGuBràth] (talk) 15:31, 31 May 2011 (UTC)

Citation needed

 * I would! The article is severely lacking in sources for its claims. A visit to a Glasgow central library should yield several books about Glaswegian sectarianism, which you can then use to source all the claims and remove the citation-needed notices. The alternative is to remove the claim, which I don't think is necessary because (from my understanding) the claims are true. 195.173.23.111 12:40, 24 May 2006 (UTC)

Keep?!
Come on. This article hasn't got a single citation out of various different claims, it's laid out terribly and looks half-arsed. Delete it.86.139.116.194 07:31, 12 July 2006 (UTC)

I agree with this, unless the article is redone. It is extremely dissapointing. Sectarianism in Glasgow has a long history; this is hardly gone into at all. Citations are missing, and some of the choice of phrases "vibrant and modern city" seem somewhat opinionated. Probably the worst article I have seen on Wikipedia: GumbootMadness

Merge into Sectarianism
If this article is to continue to exist, then it should be moved into sectarianism as a sub-section, as it is clearly concerned with one specific context in which sectarianism exists. Maxim662

Deletion of Unsourced material?
To maintain Wikipedia's verifiability requirement, I suggest that all unsourced material in this article be deleted if sources are not provided soon. Maxim662

The intro
This article is terrible, and the intro is particularly bad. The reference used, like most research into Scottish sectarianism, shows that it's not a very serious problem. But here it's used to justify the vague claim that "Sectarianism still exists in certain sectors of Glasgow's population". What the reference actually says is that "These findings suggest that sectarianism still exists in Glasgow or at least that it is widely believed to still exist" (my bolding).--Nydas (Talk) 12:32, 23 December 2006 (UTC)

 * Agree. The article also makes a number of assertions such as claiming that Scotland was RC in the 5th century. The RC Church as such did not exist until 1054 and it was the celtic rather than roman form of worship that existed until the 7th century. 194.81.125.225 (talk) 08:12, 19 July 2023 (UTC)

'Demonstrations' against Mo Johnston
I've deleted the reference to 'demonstrations' against Mo Johnston joining Rangers. The 'evidence' cited was a journalist profile of the player's career in Toronto. No firm evidence was provided in that article. Moreover, the text included in the earlier version gave no indication of the timing or scale of the supposed demonstrations, their origin, the nature of the demonstrators or their broader significance. In the absence of evidence to the contrary, I remain unconvinced that anything remotely constituting a demonstration ever took place (although that is not to deny that Johnston's signing prompted opposition, manifested in other ways, from fans of both Celtic and Rangers).--Stockton 12:31, 10 May 2007 (UTC)

Religion?
Under the heading religion someone has taken to including examples of sectarian violence that in no way mention religion. This material would be best put in a separate heading entitled 'incidents'. I also feel that the tone of that section is clearly biased, both examples are of violence against catholics or celtic supporters. This wikipedia article claims "The article stated that 64% of the 726 cases between 1 January, 2004 and 30 June 2005 were motivated by hatred against Catholics, and the remaining percentage were mainly motivated for hatred toward other minority religions.[5]", whereas the source, The Guardian says,

"The figures analysed 726 cases between January 1 2004 and June 30 2005 where people were charged with religiously aggravated offences, and found that in 64% of cases the abuse or assaults were motivated by hatred against Catholics, and by hatred against Protestants in most of the remaining cases."

The use of the term "other minority religions" is false when in fact the article refers to protestantism, the dominant religion in Scotland. I will change the article to reflect the truth. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 88.107.236.19 (talk) 20:07, 17 March 2009 (UTC)

So what does it say about the subject on sectarian violence?
So enlighten me HIPPO?(Monkeymanman (talk) 19:32, 1 November 2009 (UTC)) Why does it have an example of sectarian violence towards a celtic fan then? Is that not cherry picking a source?(Monkeymanman (talk) 19:39, 1 November 2009 (UTC))
 * I'm sorry, in removing your repetitive, predictable agenda from the article, I didn't check and assess every other word in it. If you are serious about improving this (or any other article) I suggest you look at it from a more neutral point of view, and stop attempting to score points. If you have any sensible suggestions about how to improve this article, I'm open to discussing them. Your addition of another murder clearly had no intention of representing the view of the source material fairly. --hippo43 (talk) 20:08, 1 November 2009 (UTC)

 * So you say that having an addition in the article about a murder is point scoring? The way that the article looks at the minute it would seem that only people in Celtic tops have been murdered because of the team they support. Would you say that is accurate?(Monkeymanman (talk) 20:18, 1 November 2009 (UTC))

 * My other addition was to show that figures that have been quoted in the media have been proven to be wrong to suit the people who calculate them.(Monkeymanman (talk) 20:18, 1 November 2009 (UTC))

 * Yes - your addition of this murder was an example of your 'Rangers v Celtic' point-scoring. It is a fairly tedious pattern that is obvious from your edits to a number of related articles. If the section is not accurate, can you try to address it - perhaps summarise the various murders/attacks that have taken place, or raise it for discussion here. Adding this murder was a misrepresentation of the views expressed in the source. You clearly didn't read the source, or you did read it and chose to cherry-pick (and plagiarise) a passage from it.

 * Your later edit, attempting to reflect Bruce's view, also largely copied material from the book - can you try to summarise it in your own words? --hippo43 (talk) 20:26, 1 November 2009 (UTC)

 * And the example given of a murder is not an example of celtic vs rangers point scoring? The article says 'these are just a few examples'.  what ONE, from a celtic point of view, hardly neutral is it?(Monkeymanman (talk) 20:38, 1 November 2009 (UTC))

 * would you not say that the example has been cherry picked?(Monkeymanman (talk) 20:39, 1 November 2009 (UTC))

 * I reworked that section into own words as you asked at around about the same time as someone deleted the other, i hope this seems more to your taste(Monkeymanman (talk) 21:10, 1 November 2009 (UTC))

 * So back onto the case of a one sided showing of 'sectarian' murders. Why would it be point scoring in one sense but factual in another?(Monkeymanman (talk) 21:39, 1 November 2009 (UTC))

 * I don't know who added the info on the other murders, and I'm not aware of the context, so can't comment on their motives. If you have suggestions for how to improve the article... --hippo43 (talk) 22:01, 1 November 2009 (UTC)

 * Originaly this article was awash with this 'point scoring' debate over 'sectarian' incidents, if i remember correctly. To have one incident from one side is weighted incorrectly in my view, saying that murders have only taken place in one direction, which is untrue.  I do not want to go down the road of naming every murder or incident that was 'sectarian' motivated, that just leads to a mess of an article.  If you could take my opinion in a sense to improve the article then i would be willing to give my view.(Monkeymanman (talk) 22:13, 1 November 2009 (UTC))

 * I actually agree with you on the issue of content. Having one lengthy example is not appropriate - there should be a summary of sectarian violence/attacks/murders based on reliable sources and statistics, and if there is an obvious disparity in numbers, that should be covered. There should be a lot less detail on specific examples. We should also report the disagreements on how much violence is sectarian, and how much is related to football. --hippo43 (talk) 22:24, 1 November 2009 (UTC)

 * What i was trying to show with my other edit was that a lot of reported 'sectarian' incidents are altered to show that they were sectarian just because the person who was killed was wearing a certain football top. (for one reason or another) So something like 'over the years which evidence exists, there has been sectarian violence / murders reported in public sources.' Figures could be added but the next section covers these in some detail.(Monkeymanman (talk) 22:33, 1 November 2009 (UTC))

Proposed Changes
Objections?(Monkeymanman (talk) 16:58, 14 June 2010 (UTC))

Lets make a start shall we

Proposal
Over the years many deaths and serious assaults have been directly related to sectarian tensions within the city.

Many of these have resulted either before or after Celtic and Rangers football matches.

The savage murder of Celtic fan Mark Scott in 1996 by Jason Campbell a self confessed member of loyalist Ulster group the Ulster Volunteer Force.

sparked outrage on both sides of the divide within Glasgow and as a result the anti-sectarianism charity Nil By Mouth was formed.

A 2006 article stated that sectarian incidents reported to police (largely verbal abuse) increased by 50% to 440 over an 18-month period.

The article stated that 64% of the 726 cases between 1 January 2004 and 30 June 2005 were motivated by hatred against Catholics, and by hatred against Protestants in most of the remaining cases (i.e. 31%).

Although these figures are not based upon the religion of the perpetrator, Professor Steve Bruce stated that the figures showed that religious intolerance was evenly shared among Catholics and Protestants, as the two-to-one ratio of incidents was roughly the same as the size of those populations in the west of Scotland.

Cardinal Keith Patrick O'Brien said the figures indicated that Catholics were much more likely to be the subject of sectarianism than any other group.

It has been reflected that figures provided by Nil by Mouth have been inaccurate regarding ‘sectarian’ incidents but are taken to be factual by serious newspapers.

Altering certain aspects of incidents to reflect sectarianism has been seen as an attempt by staff at Nil by Mouth to maintain a heightened awareness of sectarianism.

This heightened awareness allows staff to keep their career interest of finding sectarian violence. Sectarian violence / incidents can be exaggerated and misreported by the media.

‘There is no mystery about why journalists exaggerate, it sells copies. Newsprintworld is a dreadful place of fear and loathing.’

 * So which part of this do edtors not agree with?(Monkeymanman (talk) 01:06, 15 June 2010 (UTC))

 * Could you reformat that so it's readable, and not just one long horizontal paragraph with a huge scroll bar? Maybe it's cos I'm using Firefox, but that's impossible for me to make sense of. Thanks. --hippo43 (talk) 01:28, 15 June 2010 (UTC)

 * Reformatted so it's readable, hope you don't mind. If you want to change it back, go ahead. --hippo43 (talk) 02:24, 15 June 2010 (UTC)

Edit by Hippo43
Numerous deaths and serious assaults have been directly linked to sectarian tensions within the city. Many of these have occurred either before or after Old Firm football matches. The murder in 1996 of Mark Scott, a Celtic fan, by Jason Campbell, a member of loyalist group the Ulster Volunteer Force.[Removed source - deadlink, and probably not a reliable source] caused outrage, and as a result the anti-sectarianism charity Nil By Mouth was formed.

In 2004 and 2005, sectarian incidents reported to police in Scotland increased by 50% to 440 over 18 months. Scottish Government statistics showed that 64% of the 726 cases in the period were motivated by hatred against Catholics, and by hatred against Protestants in most of the remaining cases (31%).

Professor Steve Bruce of Aberdeen University stated that the figures showed that religious intolerance was evenly shared among Catholics and Protestants, as the two-to-one ratio of incidents was roughly the same as the size of those populations in the west of Scotland.

Cardinal Keith Patrick O'Brien, the leader of Scotland's Catholics, said the figures indicated that Catholics were much more likely to be the subject of sectarianism than any other group. He stated that most of the cases did not relate to either football or parades, and that "it is not poverty, alcohol or football which underpins most cases of religiously aggravated crime in Scotland, but blatant anti-Catholicism."

[Removed this as it is unreferenced - '''It has been reflected that figures provided by Nil by Mouth have been inaccurate regarding ‘sectarian’ incidents but are taken to be factual by serious newspapers. Altering certain aspects of incidents to reflect sectarianism has been seen as an attempt by staff at Nil by Mouth to maintain a heightened awareness of sectarianism. This heightened awareness allows staff to keep their career interest of finding sectarian violence. Sectarian violence / incidents can be exaggerated and misreported by the media. ‘There is no mystery about why journalists exaggerate, it sells copies. Newsprintworld is a dreadful place of fear and loathing.’''']

 * This is what I'd do to just the text you quoted. However, there may well be more to add and more sources which could help. --hippo43 (talk) 02:39, 15 June 2010 (UTC)

 * reworded section leaving intro sentence. (i think it starts it off well) i left out the opinions at the end. Monkeymanman (talk) 13:22, 16 July 2010 (UTC)

Slight change
Just a slight change, pedantic perhaps but not trivial. The sentence read 'a review into Orange parades' and while the article was clearly prejudiced in its comparison between loyalist and republican marches, the tagline of the article itself (and i believe the quote given) was against marches in general, from both sides of the divide. Hachimanchu (talk) 10:15, 10 February 2011 (UTC)

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State religion
Remove State religion comment. - Scotland has no state religion and the covenanters and aftermath of the Restoration made sure that it never would.83.12.33.42 (talk) 17:16, 28 June 2020 (UTC)

football is unlikely to be the main source of sectarianism in Glasgow
This paragraph is using data that is nearly 20 years old and predates both the implementation and revocation of the Offensive behaviour at football act. Is it still relevant today? is there more relevant/recent data available? 2A00:23C8:307:C301:E9CC:DC50:70C3:3920 (talk) 11:34, 23 November 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Sectarianism in Glasgow


text:
Talk:Calvary Christian High School (Florida)

Victuallers 20:16, 5 April 2007 (UTC)

Untitled
Do not suppress the truth! If expunge this article from your records, then there will be no one to tell of the illustrious history that is "Calvary Christian High School." It would not be altogether wise to dismiss the doings of the institution, for they have discovered their divinity, and would not be pleased to have their works labeled by an arbitrary source.

-Apollo-

This page is not a candidate for sppedy deletion according to existing criteria. The reason given that the author wishes the page deleted, cannot be applied here because the page was not created in error, and other editors have made changes, thus creating an article history. I am removing the speedy tag for these reasons, and submitting the article to VfD. Denni ☯ 00:28, 2005 July 14 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Cchslogo1.jpg
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BetacommandBot (talk) 21:09, 13 February 2008 (UTC)


text:
Aegean Army

The Aegean Army or Fourth Army is one of the four main formations of the Turkish Army. It covers the entire west coast of the Anatolia peninsula and has its headquarters in İzmir. It was organised in the 1970s in response to political tensions with Greece – the ongoing Aegean dispute and the Cyprus problem.

Its stated mission is to protect Turkey's territory on its western coast. This is directed against the perceived threat posed by Greece's armament of the Aegean Sea islands. Greece, on the other hand, perceives the presence of the Aegean Army as a threat to its islands, citing strong offensive capabilities ascribed to the Aegean Army as well as the exposed and isolated geographical position of the islands, the 5 most populous of which are several hundred kilometres distant from the Greek mainland, yet sit only 2-3km from Turkey's, as reasons of concern. Greek sources particularly point to the strong amphibian forces maintained by the Aegean Army as an indicator of its offensive nature. Turkey has countered such concerns by stating that besides being of a fundamentally defensive nature it is "basically a training army".

History
It was established on July 20, 1975, independently from NATO, when the situation became more tense and the possibility of war increased with the Turkish invasion of Cyprus, which was made in a period when the tension increased after the coup in Greece on April 21, 1967, against the threat posed by the armament of Greece in the Aegean islands. Its headquarters is in Narlıdere.

Units
The Army has been reported to consist of the following units and organizations:
 * Cyprus Turkish Peace Force
 * Headquarters
 * 28th Mechanized Infantry Division (Paşaköy Kyrenia)
 * 39th Mechanized Infantry Division (Çamlıbel, Morphou)
 * 14th Armoured Brigade (Degirmenlik, Nicosia)
 * 49th Special Force Regiment
 * 41st Commando Regiment
 * 109th Field Artillery Regiment
 * 190th Marines Battalion
 * Communications Battalion
 * Central Command Military Police Battalion
 * Logistics Support Group (Kyrenia)
 * 57th Artillery Training Brigade (İzmir)
 * 19th Infantry Brigade (Edremit)
 * 11th Motorised Infantry Brigade (Denizli)
 * 3rd Infantry Training Brigade (Antalya)
 * 1st Infantry Training Brigade (Manisa).
 * Marines Brigade (Foça)

title: Aegean Army


text:
Namibia Christian Democratic Party

The Namibia Christian Democratic Party was a political party in Namibia, led by Hans Röhr. It was founded in 1978 in Kavango. Wolfgang Adam was the honorary president of the party.

The party participated in the 1978 South West African Legislative Assembly elections, and won 2.8 percent of the votes.

title: Namibia Christian Democratic Party


text:
Tigre Partido

Tigre Partido is a partido of Buenos Aires Province, Argentina, situated in the northern part of Greater Buenos Aires. The department covers a large section of the Paraná Delta and its low-lying islands. The main town of the division is Tigre; other towns include Don Torcuato, El Talar, General Pacheco, Benavídez.

The partido is bound to the north by the Paraná de las Palmas River, to the northeast by the Río de la Plata, to the southeast by San Fernando Partido, to the south by San Martín Partido, to the southwest by Malvinas Argentinas Partido and to the west by Escobar Partido.

Its total area including the islands is 368 km2 and its population was 376,381 as of 2010.

The current mayor is Julio Cesar Zamora, from the Renewal Front within the Union por la Patria coalition.

The partido was originally named 'Las Conchas' after a local river (now known as the Reconquista River), but became popularly known as 'Tigre' in the 19th century. Tigre was also the name of a stream and is thought to derive from the tigres or jaguars seen in the area when it was first settled. In 1952, the name of the partido was officially changed to "Tigre Partido".

A port was first built at the mouth of the Las Conchas river, which itself became known as Las Conchas. It served the islands and became an important strategic and smuggling point, targeted by Portuguese, English and Spanish invaders. The partido was officially founded in 1790, but the settlements were hit by floods and the town was moved to the present site of Tigre, at the mouth of the Luján River by 1820.

Argentine author Jorge Luis Borges said about Tigre: "no other city do I know that adjoins a secret group of green islands, which get lost at unknown waters of such a slow river that literature called it frozen..."

Colonial Times
The history of Tigre dates back to a port on the banks of Las Conchas River, which gave origin to Las Conchas Village. The port was used by the ships sailing the Paraná River to or from Paraguay and also by those who carried wood, coal and firewood from the Delta to Buenos Aires. Las Conchas River (named after the sea shell debris that was abundant in the riverbed) is now called Reconquista and runs along Liniers street. The hamlet surrounding the port grew as its strategic importance increased, mostly since the 18th century. By 1780 a church had already been built and the parish was established at that time. Many river rises, floods and heavy rainstorms hit the area. One of the first historically registered catastrophes occurred in early June 1805, when Las Conchas village was almost devastated by a heavy rainstorm that made the river overflow its banks. Most of the people moved to higher nearby lands where San Fernando village was founded, and a channel was built to be used as a new port. The village was deserted and almost completely abandoned. In August 1820 it was destroyed by a tornado once again. The rising floodwaters trapped the port entrance. At the same time the outflow of water came out through a small stream called Tigre, causing the widening of its bed and turning it into a river. The port was then moved to its present location by the Tigre River and in time the village was named Tigre.

Promotion of the Paraná River Delta in the 19th century
During the second half of the 19th century the area became economically and socially more important, mainly due to Domingo F. Sarmiento, president of Argentina from 1868 to 1872. Sarmiento insisted on the favourable development possibilities of the islands and fought for the rights of settlers to own the land they were working on. His house on the island has been turned into a museum that lies on the bank of the river that bears his name. In those decades the country underwent a significant immigration process and many of those immigrants settled on the islands. The railway line to San Fernando, which arrived in 1863 and reached Tigre in 1865, improved communications with Buenos Aires and eased trade of Delta products, basically fresh fruit and its by-products such as fruit juice, jams and cider. Likewise, the train allowed one-day visits by city dwellers. This favoured the setting up of places to spend the day on the islands, called recreos, and aroused interest in rowing along the quiet waters.

Island dwellers
The earliest inhabitants of the islands were indigenous groups called guaraníes. In colonial times there was no stable population but nomadic hunters or firewood and coal seekers. Occasionally, it was also a smuggler's hiding place. From the moment Sarmiento encouraged development, new settlers came to the islands to live of the commercial exploitation of their products. Construction materials from the islands included sun-dried bricks, rush, straw and wood. The simple huts made from these materials were followed by houses made entirely of wood.

Delta economy
The early inhabitants lived mostly by hunting and fishing and on small palm coconuts (cocos australis). A few tribes sowed corn and peanuts, and grew fruit trees. In colonial times the area supplied Buenos Aires with firewood and coal. Later on, fruit growing prevailed up to 1940.That year a river rise spoiled most plants and the crisis provoked a mass departure of a large part of the population. The emergence of new fruit markets in other regions of the country hindered the recovery of this traditional economic resource.

Other regional products are wicker baskets and pieces of furniture. The cultivation of osier (salix sp), which is native to European and Asian cold and temperate regions, was proposed by Sarmiento because it can resist floods. Another plant that adapts to floodable lands is New Zealand flax (phormium tenax), which was industrialised as from 1925 and is used in containers, burlap, cords, threads, runners and mats. By the end of the 20th century, the competition from synthetic fibres made it uneconomic. Fishing and coypu breeding are other economic activities that are no longer attractive.

Modern developments in the area include apiculture, camellia and azalea nurseries, handicrafts and timber. At the Delta Products Market of Tigre, various Delta products are sold.

Islanders' social life, tourism: The "Recreos"

Towards the end of the 19th century islanders became aware of their identity. They shared their common interest and troubles in the Delta journal, founded in 1933 by a Hungarian immigrant called Sandor Mikler. At that time 20,000 people lived on the islands and the population peaked at 40,000 in the following years. In 1936 local producers and entrepreneurs founded an association called "Consejo de Productores Isleños" (island producers board) and the following year they declared 31 October to be "islanders day". The celebration takes place every year with the attendance of local authorities and neighbours. There was an intense social activities on the islands with weekly meetings at the numerous clubs in the area. Weddings were celebrated either in the coastal villages, such as Campana or San Fernando, or in the island chapels. To facilitate religious service on the islands, a floating church to sail along the rivers was set up. As the service was rather expensive it was discontinued towards 1952. The bell tower is now exhibited at the Police Station in Paraná de las Palmas and Carapachay, as a remembrance of those days. A procession by boat was made by the first time in 1923. Even today, this feast is celebrated on 8 December, the Immaculate Conception day. The procession is headed by the image of Virgin Mary on board of a boat of the "Prefectura Naval Argentina" (national coast guard) and is followed by all types of boats, big and small, commercial and private, all of them decked out for the event. A lot of spectators applaud the march from the banks of the Luján River.

The golden years of Tigre
Rowing was one of the main attractions that fuelled the boom of the area. Rowing practice had started in the south of Buenos Aires and little by little was moved to the Luján river due to the tranquility and beauty of the place. President Sarmiento was present at the first regatta organised on 8 December 1873. The event was so successful that the existing rowing clubs moved to Tigre, and new ones were founded by members of the various foreign communities residing in Buenos Aires. Yachting started to be practised in 1883, when the "Yacht Club Argentino", whose headquarters were later moved to San Fernando, was founded, and then at the "Tigre Sailing Club". The Tigre Hotel, was opened in 1890 on the bank of the Lujan River, and next to it the Tigre Club was opened in 1912. These elegant buildings became meeting places for the social elite of the "Belle Époque". The hotel was demolished in 1940 but the club is still there today and has been declared a National Historic Monument.

Sports
The Delta Rugby Club is centered in Tigre Partido.

Administrative subdivisions
Tigre Partido is divided into six divisions or localidades:
 * Benavidez
 * Rincón de Milberg
 * Don Torcuato
 * General Pacheco
 * Tigre, Buenos Aires
 * Troncos (Los Troncos del Talar)

title: Tigre Partido


text:
Eckhart

Eckhart may be:

People with the surname Eckhart

 * Meister Eckhart (c. 1260–c. 1328), German theologian
 * Johann Georg von Eckhart (1664–1730), German historian and linguist
 * Dietrich Eckart (1868–1923), German journalist and political activist
 * Aaron Eckhart (born 1968), American film actor
 * Lisa Eckhart (born 1992), Austrian comedian and slam poet

Other

 * Eckhart Tolle (born 1948) is a German-born writer and public speaker living in Canada.
 * Eckhart von Hochheim, aka Meister Eckhart, a German theologian and philosopher
 * Mason Eckhart, a comic book character
 * Eckhart (TV series), a Canadian animated children's TV show
 * Eckhart Branch Railroad, early short line railroad

title: Eckhart


text:
Denis Hurley (bishop)

Denis Eugene Hurley, OMI OMSG (9 November 1915 – 13 February 2004) was a South African Catholic prelate who served as Vicar Apostolic of Natal from 1946 to 1951 and as Archbishop of Durban from 1951 to 1992. He was a member of the Oblates of Mary Immaculate.

He was born in Cape Town and spent his early years on Robben Island, where his father was the lighthouse keeper. In 1951, Hurley was appointed Archbishop of Durban, becoming the youngest archbishop in the world at the time.

Hurley was an active participant in the Second Vatican Council, which he described as "the greatest project of adult education ever held in the world".

An outspoken opponent of apartheid, as chairman of the Southern African Catholic Bishops' Conference, Hurley drafted the first of the ground-breaking pastoral letters in which the bishops denounced apartheid as "blasphemy" and "intrinsically evil." Upon his retirement as archbishop, he served as the chancellor of the University of Natal.

Life
Denis Hurley was born in Cape Town to Irish parents, spending his early years on Robben Island, where his father was the lighthouse keeper. Educated at St Charles College in Pietermaritzburg, Natal, he joined the Missionary Oblates of Mary Immaculate (OMI) in 1931 and in the following year was sent to Ireland for his novitiate.

In 1933, Hurley was sent to the Angelicum University (now known as Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas) in Rome to study philosophy and theology. He received the degree Licentiate of Philosophy from the Angelicum in 1936 and started studying at the Gregorian University.

Hurley was ordained as a priest in Rome on 9 July 1939 and was awarded his license in Theology in 1940. Later he was appointed curate at Emmanuel Cathedral, Durban, where he stayed until 1943 when he was appointed Superior at Saint Joseph's Scholasticate, then based in Prestbury, Pietermaritzburg. He stayed in this position until 12 December 1946 when, aged 31, was named Vicar Apostolic of Natal and Bishop of Durban. He was the youngest Roman Catholic bishop in the world at that time. He chose as his motto Ubi Spiritus, ibi libertas, which means "Where the Spirit is, there is liberty". Hurley was among the first church leaders to denounce apartheid, condemning the policy as an affront to human dignity.

On 11 January 1951, the Vicariate Apostolic of Natal was elevated to the Archdiocese of Durban and Hurley became archbishop, also the youngest in the world at the time.

In the following year, Hurley became the first president of the newly established Southern African Catholic Bishops Conference, a post he held until 1961. He was again President of this body from 1981 until 1987. Hurley is remembered for his contribution to the struggle against apartheid, his concern for the poor and his commitment towards a more just and peaceful society. In 1961, he was appointed to the Central Preparatory Commission for the Second Vatican Council.

Second Vatican Council
In 1961, Hurley was appointed to the Central Preparatory Commission for the Second Vatican Council. He attributed this to Rome having out-of-date information stating he was still President of the Southern African Bishops Conference, when in fact Archbishop Owen McCann was President. At the council itself, Hurley was elected to the Commission for Seminaries, Studies and Catholic Education. During the council, he gave ten speeches and made four written submissions.

During the council, Hurley wrote a series of anonymous articles for the South African Catholic weekly newspaper "The Southern Cross". In 2001 he wrote a 17-part series of memories of Vatican II for The Southern Cross. In recounting its informal cycle of lectures, workshops and long evenings of debates over dinner with interested members of the clergy and laity, Hurley  observed that the presence of so many scholars who had been called to Rome to assist with the work of Vatican II had created "the greatest project of adult education ever held in the world." These articles provided the basis for his posthumously pub

lished memoirs of the Council, Keeping the Dream Alive.

Hurley was described as "...an eloquent and forceful preacher, ...mild-mannered and soft-spoken away from the pulpit. He was a man of formidable intellect, so much so that he was held in awe by his clergy.

ICEL
Hurley took a special interest in the active participation of all the baptized in the church’s liturgy, especially the Mass. In 1975, Hurley was elected chair of the International Commission on English in the Liturgy (ICEL), a post to which he was re-elected until 1991. His work with Msgr. Frederick McManus of Catholic University in Washington led to a plan that a number of English speaking conferences would join together to prepare a single text for proposed use all over the world. In 1965 Pope Paul VI named Hurley to the Consilium (Council for the Implementation of the Constitution on the Sacred Liturgy). In 1975 as ICEL chairman, he oversaw the completion of the four-volume breviary. Hurley frequently registered his disappointment at the reorganisation of ICEL under the auspices of the newly established Vatican office Vox Clara, as mandated by Pope John Paul II's instruction Liturgiam authenticam.

South African political involvement
According to Anthony Egan, "Prohibited during Dutch rule, coolly tolerated by the British, and treated with intense suspicion after the Union of South Africa in 1910, the Church was (unsurprisingly) cautious in challenging apartheid. With the majority of its clergy foreign-born and thus vulnerable to deportation, it was encouraged even by the Vatican to ‘play it safe’ after the 1948 National Party election victory. But Hurley, a white South African by birth, ... thought differently." Hurley was an outspoken opponent of apartheid, and was a driving force in a 1957 declaration by the bishops of South Africa that described apartheid as "intrinsically evil". In the late 1970s Hurley held a daily silent protest, standing in front of the central Durban Post Office for a period each day with a placard expressing his opposition to apartheid and the displacement of people from their homes. In 1984 Hurley was charged with contravening the South African police act by publishing information which the government alleged to be untrue about atrocities committed in Namibia by the South African military unit known as Koevoet. He received many death threats and was at times subject to house arrest. On three occasions bombs went off near his residence. The state withdrew the charges later and settled a claim by the Archbishop for damages out of court, paying him R 25,000. Due to his commitment to social justice, the Denis Hurley Peace Institute, an associate body of the Southern African Catholic Bishops Conference, was named in his honour. Hurley also worked to assist young men who for reasons of conscience were opposed to joining the South African military.

The Hurley Case
A lawsuit, known as The Hurley Case, managed to secure the release of Paddy Kearney, a political opponent of the ruling National Party detained under Section 29 of the Internal Security Act. According to South African law professor Tony Mathews, the case "Hurley and Another vs the Minister of Law and Order" became "the most important civil rights ruling for several decades" and is still taught in law schools today.

Hurley became actively involved, turning up in black communities the day they were due to be forcibly removed. On hearing that children had died shortly after one such removal, Hurley counted their graves and recorded their names and ages. Then he released the details to the press, much to the fury of the state. In response to the weak response of South Africa's churches to apartheid, Hurley founded an ecumenical agency, Diakonia, dedicated to social justice. Hurley said his greatest struggle was convincing South African Catholics that social justice was integral to their faith rather than an optional extra. Hurley was nicknamed Mehl'emamba (Eyes of the Mamba) by appreciative Zulus.

Thomas More College
Hurley played a key role in supporting Chris Hurley (his brother) and Robin Savory in founding Thomas More College. His brother Chris later became the second headmaster of the school. Archbishop Hurley also wrote the school song, "God Our Maker". There is a memorial garden dedicated to him located on the school grounds.

Last years
On retiring as Archbishop of Durban in 1992, Hurley became chancellor of the University of Natal from 1993 to 1998. He also served as a parish priest for ten years at Emmanuel Cathedral, Durban, where he had officiated so many years earlier as a curate.

Hurley was seen by some as a "liberal". Many believe that his respectful and very careful questioning of Humanae Vitae in 1968 made the cardinalate an impossibility.

In 2002 Hurley retired to write his memoirs. He also spent his time writing letters to The Times debating the finer points of cricket, and composing the words for new hymns. The final article to be published in his lifetime was a guest editorial in the Christmas 2003 edition of "The Southern Cross", headlined "God's special gift to us". Hurley died as he was being driven back to the Oblate retirement community in Durban after a celebration of the 50th anniversary of a school at whose dedication he had presided as a young archbishop.

Honours
Hurley received the following honours during his lifetime:

Legacy
According to Gerald Shaw writing for The Guardian, "It was in part due to his sustained moral crusade and that of other churchmen that the transition to democracy, when it came in 1994, was accepted by white people in peace and good order."

The Archdiocese of Durban's Archbishop Denis Hurley Memorial Fund was set up in favor of two favorite projects of Archbishop Hurley: Kwa Thintwa School for the Deaf and San Egidio Community Project in Mozambique. There is a bronze statue of Hurley at the Kwa Thintwa School, KZN commissioned by the Premier of KwaZulu-Natal, Dr Zweli Mkhize.

The Denis Hurley Association of is a UK registered charity established in London "to promote and raise funds for the Denis Hurley Centre in Durban, South Africa". The Centre is planned as home to about a dozen projects to provide medical care, a soup kitchen, job training, support for people living with HIV/AIDS and in particular will offer assistance to refugees, migrants, who have reached South Africa from afar afield as Somalia, Zimbabwe and the Democratic Republic of Congo.

In 2017, a shrine to Hurley was opened at Durban's Emmanuel Cathedral and his successor, Cardinal Wilfred Napier, published a prayer soliciting Hurley's intercession and expressed a desire for an official sainthood cause to be opened for him in the archdiocese.

title: Denis Hurley (bishop)


text:
Casablanca bombings

Casablanca bombings may refer to:

 * Bombing of Casablanca (1907), a French naval bombardment that marked the beginning of the French conquest of Morocco
 * 2003 Casablanca bombings, a series of suicide bombings in Casablanca, Morocco
 * 2007 Casablanca bombings, a series of suicide bombings in Casablanca, Morocco

title: Casablanca bombings


text:
Namibia Democratic Party

The Namibia Democratic Party was a political party in Namibia. The party was founded in Vaalgras, 1975. It was led by Emil Appolus. The party had its roots in the South West Africa United National Independence Organisation (SWAUNIO).

title: Namibia Democratic Party


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Don Saklad

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was DELETE. Postdlf 06:51, 23 July 2005 (UTC)

Don Saklad
Tagged as a speedy by User:Lucky 6.9 with the reason "Please tell me this doesn't have to stay up here for five days. Please." Sorry, but none of the Criteria for Speedy Deletion are fulfilled. But here is a delete vote for non-notability. Sjakkalle (Check!)  10:39, 13 July 2005 (UTC)

New users please read: You are welcome to comment but please add your comments to the bottom of the page (not the top) and sign them by adding four tildes ( ~ ) which will automatically add your username or IP address and the time and date. Please do not alter the comments or votes of others; this is considered vandalism and grounds for blocking. Please do not comment or vote multiple times pretending you are different people; such comments and votes will be deleted or ignored. Read this for more information. Thank you.

i'm confused. is the writer being defined as a notable kook or me? which makes me notable again. but what do i know about these things? oh well.-- dsaklad@zurich.csail.mit.edu 04:36, 14 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete notability not established. JamesBurns 10:46, 13 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, non-notable kook. Dcarrano 17:18, July 13, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete nn, not verifiable. Friday 20:54, 13 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete if all this guy does is post in blogs...nn. --Etacar11 00:34, 14 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Explicitly states that he is non-notable in first sentence. ~ WCFrancis 00:53, 14 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Move to User talk:Donwarnersaklad where people can contribute writing for the don saklad obsessives.-- dsaklad@zurich.csail.mit.edu 04:38, 14 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Are we sure that User:Donwarnersaklad is actually Don? Yeah, I know, it can be hard to tell... -- Kaszeta 14:20, 14 July 2005 (UTC)
 * I'm sure that the person writing the User:Donwarnersaklad material isn't actually Don Saklad (if it's Don's account, he's letting someone use it). It's not in the real Don's writing style. -- Seth Finkelstein
 * somebody's figured out that i got a cutout -- dsaklad@zurich.csail.mit.edu 16:57, 14 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Strong Keep. He's been a long-time eccentric usenet personality, and has plenty of web pages dedicated to him, unlike your typical small-potatoes run-of-the mill kook.  He also seems to get around, I've seen him on Slashdot, Livejournal, and even here.  If Archimedes Plutonium gets a page, Don deserves one too. -- Kaszeta 14:20, 14 July 2005 (UTC)
 * (Invalid vote) Strong Keep for me too. I am one of the moderators of a well-established library-related listserv that is one of the few places his posts are welcome, per listserv policy.  Don is weird, and in the multitude of places he posts his stuff, it is rarely on point.  But there is something notable about being the town crazy.   He forms a kind of reality check for the rest of us.  I believe in this respect he has achieved a kind of notability that is worthy of inclusion.  Like his posts, you don't have to read his entry if you aren't interested. James Quinn --Jamesiegod 18:21, 14 July 2005 (UTC)
 * First edit.

 * Delete. I remember this guy from some library listservs I used to be on, but he's just some troll. Gamaliel 18:23, 14 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Wikipedia:Votes for deletion with Ad hominem personal attacks

 * Delete nn per Etacar11 --Gunmetal 21:51, 14 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. I agree with Jamesiegod and Kaszeta. Don's likely just as famous as Jessamyn_West, and we do keep information on trolls you know. John Hubbard 12:39, July 15, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Notable internet personality. JZ 00:14, 16 July 2005 (UTC)
 * (Invalid vote - please log in if this is the correct user). Agree with above user, notable internet personality. skye 22:20, 16 July 2005 (UTC)  (vote actually by )
 * (Invalid vote) Strong Keep. Don Saklad is very prolific and well-known on the Internet. --Takeel 17:22, 18 July 2005 (UTC)
 * First edit.
 * Okay, so my vote was marked "first edit", and the informal policy that goes with that cheeses me off enough in itself...but why was it also marked with the words "invalid vote"? Same reason? --Takeel 22:05, 20 July 2005 (UTC)
 * I'm also cheesed that somebody edited my own vote text, but I'm not about to start an edit war over it. Just wanted to make my displeasure known. --Takeel 22:20, 20 July 2005 (UTC)
 * It's actually not a vote. You are currently allowed to comment but not vote.  In time your vote will always count. -  Tεx  τ  urε  22:24, 20 July 2005 (UTC)
 * That's such arcane criteria. That looks like criteria made up by throwing dice. -- dsaklad@zurich.csail.mit.edu
 * I've looked for the policy page that mentions this, and I couldn't find it. Could I please be pointed in its general direction? --Takeel 00:37, 21 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Guide_to_Votes_for_deletion. Gamaliel 02:51, 21 July 2005 (UTC)

 * (Invalid vote) Keep. Not your run-of-the-mill nutcase. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 66.92.73.215 (talk • contribs) 21:15, 18 July 2005
 * Wikipedia:Votes for deletion with Ad hominem personal attacks

 * Delete, entirely non notable. Hall Monitor 21:20, 18 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Being a prolific poster around the internet is not grounds for inclusion in an encyclopedia. Indrian 15:58, July 19, 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete - non-notable / vanity - Tεx  τ  urε  19:53, 19 July 2005 (UTC)

 * (Invalid vote) keep - he's a well-known kook with a long history of kookness 24.24.44.7 01:13, 20 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Wikipedia:Votes for deletion with Ad hominem personal attacks

 * How do you get the statistics relative to the article?... at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Don_Saklad Hits. Hourly hits. Referers. Et al.
 * Dunno, but that's not relevant to a vfd discussion anyway. --DropDeadGorgias (talk) 18:34, July 22, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, non-notable. Sorry Don. --DropDeadGorgias (talk) 18:34, July 22, 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Talk:M-V

December 2005
I thought this is in fact M-V... See ISAS site. It might be better to move. - Marsian / talk 10:40, 13 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Yes, M-V does seem to be the correct name, used in all the sources I've looked at (including the "parent" Mu (rocket) article, and the Japanese/German versions of this article). I would support a name "move", unless someone can source a good reason to keep "M-5" the primary name.  Earlier rockets in the series were called "Mu-1" and "Mu-3", perhaps explaining the confusion.  -- Rwendland 11:42, 19 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Perhaps since the existing redirect M-V has page history, I couldn't move (swap) this page to M-V, so I requested move. - Marsian / talk 06:48, 29 December 2005 (UTC)
 * Obvioustly, there's another possibility of M-V rocekt. Missing this point was totally my fault thus I withdrew my request. - Marsian / talk 10:59, 1 January 2006 (UTC)

ICBM-Version
The Japanese don't need such a heavy long-range missile to hit their neighbor North Korea.--Arado 15:24, 18 December 2005 (UTC)

M-5 was terminated.
M-5 launcher has been terminated. I think "National Security" section is no longer appropriate. We should remove the section. It is a very strange section anyway. I guess Japan hater wrote it. -- —Preceding unsigned comment added by 67.188.139.200 (talk • contribs) 04:57, 24 September 2006

When you say terminated, do you mean that it has been retired, and will not be launched again. Do you have a cite for this? I was under the impression that it is still active, and infact, I have a cite that one is scheduled to launch in 2008, with the PLANET-C Venus orbiter. -- GW_SimulationsUser Page 11:13, 24 September 2006 (UTC)

That is correct. If you can read Japanese, there are tons of news source for that. Otherwise PLANET-C is one. M-5 is infamous for its launching cost and incapablity for quick launching even though it is a solid fuel rocket. No way to make it a missile. They have a plan to develop a smaller rocket to reduce launching cost.

Requested move
M-5 rocket → M-V – Official name uses roman numerals as opposed to numbers. Article should do the same. (Move is over redirect with history). GW_SimulationsUser Page 13:24, 24 September 2006 (UTC)
 * I've moved it. — Mets 501 (talk) 17:22, 1 October 2006 (UTC)
 * Thanks. -- GW_SimulationsUser Page 18:53, 2 October 2006 (UTC)

Reference to MV (4) failure
http://www.isas.ac.jp/docs/sat/astro-e/prompt_report.html

in case it's useful. Matt Whyndham 11:05, 9 August 2007 (UTC)

Main picture
Why does the main picture of this launch vehicle need to be of a failure? With most launches being successful, I found this to be inappropriate and demeaning to JAXA.ModernGeek (talk) 06:59, 16 June 2010 (UTC)
 * I think the current image illustrates the rocket well. The image does not show anything abnormal or related to the failure, so it is still representative, and I see no reason to censor it for the protection of JAXA. If we limit information on that flight, it would be difficult to maintain a neutral point of view. So I would oppose any change of image, unless I feel the replacement is a better image than the current one. -- G W … 10:47, 16 June 2010 (UTC)
 * Keep the image; remove the second sentence of the caption. (sdsds - talk) 03:54, 17 June 2010 (UTC)
 * Yep, Keep the image; remove the second sentence of the caption. Though there are other good images in the commons. Rwendland (talk) 13:34, 17 June 2010 (UTC)

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External links modified
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title: Talk:M-V


text:
Bring On the Night (Buffy the Vampire Slayer)

"Bring on the Night" is the tenth episode of the seventh and final season of the television series Buffy the Vampire Slayer. The episode aired on December 17, 2002 on UPN.

Potential Slayers begin to arrive at Buffy's home, Spike is held prisoner by the First Evil, and Buffy finds the high school principal acting in a suspicious and spooky way.

Plot
Whilst the gang research the First Evil, Buffy experiences a vision in which her mother gives her a book and warns her that she needs to rest; then Xander wakes her. The Ubervamp drags Spike into a cave where the First has taken on Drusilla's form to watch Spike get tortured. Throughout the episode, the Ubervamp tortures Spike by dunking his head under water and beating him while "Drusilla" threatens him. Spike angers the First by saying that Buffy believes in him.

At the Summers house, Buffy, Dawn and Anya force Andrew to go to the school basement where the mystical Seal of Danzalthar is, but although they do not know what the Seal does, they cover it with dirt again. On the way out, Buffy and Dawn run into Principal Wood, also carrying a shovel. (Only the viewers realize that he has been burying Andrew's murdered friend Jonathan, whom Wood did not know.) Wood asks Buffy to return to work soon.

At the house, Willow begins a spell to find the First, but it backfires and she is briefly possessed by it. Xander helps and Willow begs Buffy not to let her hurt anyone with magic. To their surprise and delight, Giles appears at the front door. With him are three young women – Kennedy, Molly and Annabelle – who are Potential Slayers.

Giles explains about the First's plans to destroy all Slayers-in-training, their Watchers and eventually the two active Slayers, Buffy and Faith. The Watchers' Council has been destroyed along with most of their records, except for the few books and references on the First he stole while there was still time. The First can only take on the appearance of the dead, but it is incapable of solid form. He informs Buffy that unfortunately, she is the only one strong enough to actually stand a chance of winning against the First and is solely responsible for the Potentials' lives. Kennedy, a lesbian, helps Willow make the sleeping arrangements around the house and decides to stay in Willow's room.

Buffy and Giles search for the cave Buffy remembers from the first time she encountered the First and its minions, the Bringers. Buffy is viciously attacked by the Ubervamp. She stakes but does not kill him and he beats her badly. Buffy narrowly manages to escape and the vampire is kept at bay by the rising sun. Giles and Buffy return to the house to report on the vampire Buffy fought, a Turok-Han. Giles explains that it is one of a prehistoric race of vampires that is far stronger than the everyday vampires Buffy is used to.

At work, Buffy researches "evil" on the internet (receiving 900,517 hits) as Wood stops to check on her. She experiences another vision of the First as her mother. While Buffy watches for the sun to set, Annabelle runs off into the streets of Sunnydale until she is captured by the Ubervamp and quickly killed. Buffy finds them both and is badly injured in a fight with the monster.

Buffy sits alone at home as she listens to Giles and Willow talk in another room, worrying about her wounded condition and their ability to fight what seems undefeatable. Buffy delivers an inspirational speech about the huge challenge before them. She tells the group that she has a new plan: they are declaring war on the evil instead of waiting for it to make a move.

Production
According to The Watcher's Guide, Volume 3, by Paul Ruditis (Pocket Books, 2004), a stage direction in the script was "NOTE: It is VERY important that Giles does not touch or be touched by anything. He can walk and talk - but he can't fiddle or cuddle or caress. Got it?" Anthony Stewart Head (Giles) was told not to touch anything on set - such as, in a running joke, his eyeglasses - to perpetuate the idea that he might be the First. Head told an interviewer,

"I was constantly asking, 'Can I do this or not?' What was patently clear was that I couldn't touch any props, to everyone's great joy, because I have a tendency to use props a lot. Part of the way I work is to try to bring some of the outside world in to the scene, rather than just play the scene off the page. You have a life and the scene happens to be part of that, and so, quite often, I'd involve something, so everyone thought it was very funny that I was stuck not being able to use props. It proved a challenge because I had to make sense of it - why would Giles come in and not touch anybody, not hug anybody, not involve himself like the usual thing? ... I internalised it all and was in my own little world of seriousness, trying to deal with everything, and had shut down and wasn't allowing myself to be friendly."

Cultural references
Xander suggests trapping the Ubervamp in the pantry, then, "Are you saying M. Night Shyamalan lied to us?" He refers to the 2002 movie Signs, in which an alien is locked in a pantry.

Andrew says:
 * "My spider-sense is tingling."
 * "You think I'm a super-villain like Dr. Doom or Apocalypse or The Riddler."
 * "An evil name should be something like Lex or Voldemort" (as opposed to "The First").
 * "I'm like Darth Vader in the last five minutes of Jedi with redemptive powers minus a redemptive struggle of epic redemption."

When Wood catches Buffy searching for "evil" on the internet, she says, "I just love those evil, evil movies. Like Exorcist, you know, Blair Witch."

In the school basement, Andrew complains, "Man, this place gives me the creeps. It's like in Wonder Woman, issue 297/299—" and Xander agrees, "Catacombs—yeah, with the skeletons."

Continuity
In the episode "Life Serial," Buffy was temporarily trapped in a time loop by the Trio of Andrew, Warren Mears and Jonathan Levinson. She was confounded by having to deal with an undead Mummy's hand, which she had to fight over and over again, at the Magic Box shop. In the following episode, "All the Way," Buffy says, "Don't blame me if we keep having this conversation over and over..." In "Bring on the Night," Xander tells the Scoobies, "It's a loop, like the Mummy hand. I'm doomed to replace these windows for all eternity."

Reception
Vox, ranking it at #130 of all 144 episodes on their "Worst to Best" list, writes, "You know how when you think of any given episode of season seven, you can be pretty sure Buffy made an inspiring speech and Spike sat sadly in the basement and the Potentials were irritating, but you're not really sure if anything else happened from week to week? Here's where that starts. (The first third of season seven is actually pretty solid, which is easy to forget given what a slog the middle section is.) Not coincidentally, the interminable sameness begins with the introduction of the Potentials, who are an interesting thematic addition to the show in theory, but in practice take up a whole lot of dramatic space without adding much."

Paste Magazine, in a similar list, ranked it at #89, saying it "is most notable for Giles' return with the first three Potentials and Buffy's attempt at a Henry V-style St. Crispins Day speech. It's not quite as rousing and it's significantly shorter, but it's exactly what the Scoobies needed. This episode also serves as perhaps Buffy's worst beating of the series. It's brutal and so very hard to watch, but combined with her speech, it can't help but rally the troops." In 2023, Rolling Stone, ranked this episode as #119 on its own list, in honor of the 20th anniversary of the show's ending.


text: Template:Campaignbox Winter War

title: Template:Campaignbox Winter War


text:
Shoplifters of the World Unite

"Shoplifters of the World Unite" is a song by the English rock band the Smiths, written by Morrissey and Johnny Marr. Morrissey's lyrics, which endorsed shoplifting and referenced Karl Marx, were controversial at the time of the song's release. Musically, the song continues the glam rock styling of other Smiths singles during the period and includes a short guitar solo from Marr.

"Shoplifters of the World Unite" was first released as a non-album single in January 1987, after the band decided to scrap the single release of their original A-side, "You Just Haven't Earned It Yet, Baby". The song was a commercial success, reaching number twelve in the UK, and has been included on compilation albums such as The World Won't Listen and Louder Than Bombs. It has since seen critical acclaim and Morrissey has named the song as a personal favourite.

Background
Written by Morrissey and Johnny Marr, "Shoplifters of the World Unite" lyrically endorsed shoplifting and nonconformism at large. The title alludes to the slogan "Workers of the world, unite!" as well as the 1966 David and Jonathan hit "Lovers of the World Unite". During a 1987 interview with Shaun Duggan, Morrissey said of the song: "[It does] not literally mean picking up a loaf of bread or a watch and sticking it in your coat pocket. It's more or less spiritual shoplifting, cultural shoplifting, taking things and using them to your own advantage".

Musically, the song has been compared to T. Rex's "Children of the Revolution" and features a brief solo from Marr. On the solo, Marr used "harmonised layering," stating in a separate interview, "[It] is a steel player's technique. You touch the strings with a right hand finger an octave higher than where you're fretting, and then pluck the string with your thumb." Marr has cited Nils Lofgren as the inspiration for the guitar on the song; He has commented, "People have said it sounds like Brian May, but I was thinking of stacked Roy Buchanans." Marr also produced the song himself, a first for the band.

Morrissey has since spoken positively of the song, stating in a 1996 interview with RTÉ that it was one of his favourite songs. In 1997, he recalled in greater detail, "[It was] a very, very witty single and a great moment for the Smiths in England. I think it was probably the best days of our career."

Release
Another newly completed song, "You Just Haven't Earned It Yet, Baby", was originally intended to be the A-side of this single. It made it to the white label test pressing stage and approximately 900 stock copies of the single were manufactured before the band decided to make "Shoplifters" the A-side instead. Marr has since stated, Shoplifters' was the better record," while Morrissey disliked producer John Porter's mix of "You Just Haven't Earned It Yet, Baby". This aborted single mix can be heard on The World Won't Listen, while a remixed version is included in Louder Than Bombs.

"Shoplifters of the World Unite" was released as a non-album single in January 1987, reaching number 12 in the UK singles chart. The single's sleeve features a photograph of a young Elvis Presley that was taken by James R. Reid. The British 7" and 12" vinyls contained the matrix messages: ALF RAMSEY'S REVENGE/none. The song's lyrics provoked controversy, with MP Geoffrey Dickens condemning the band for releasing an open ode to thievery and Tesco nearly suing Smash Hits for reprinting the song's lyrics on a graphic that had a Tesco grocery bag. In order to promote the song on the music programme The Tube, Morrissey agreed to state that the song's lyrics were metaphorical, although they were not intended as such.

Shortly after its release as a single, the song was included on the 1987 compilation albums The World Won't Listen and Louder Than Bombs. It has since appeared on other compilation albums, such as Singles, The Very Best of The Smiths and The Sound of The Smiths.

Live performances
The Smiths performed this song in concert only once, during their last gig in December 1986 at Brixton Academy, London (just prior to the release of the song as a single). It was also played live on the British music programme The Tube on 10 April 1987 (alongside previous single "Sheila Take a Bow") in the band's final live performance ever. A music video based partly on the band's performance of the song on The Tube was directed by Tamra Davis. The band then mimed the song on Top of the Pops; Morrissey appeared wearing an Elvis Presley T-shirt in keeping with the single's cover artwork.

Morrissey has sung it in concert frequently during his solo career.

Critical reception
Stephen Thomas Erlewine named the song as one of the tracks on Louder Than Bombs that he considered "definitive," while Diffuser.fm listed it among Morrissey and Marr's "best material".

Rolling Stone rated the song as the band's 24th best. Consequence ranked the song as the 17th best Smiths song, writing, "Years before he became the ringleader of the tormentors, Morrissey could instigate with the best of them. Mimicking Marx's exhortation to the workers from The Communist Manifesto, 'Shoplifters of the World Unite' advocates for low-grade larceny (whether physical or emotional) over woozy production that leaves the song sounding like the delinquent cousin of 'How Soon Is Now?'." Guitar named the song as the band's 10th greatest guitar moment, commenting, "It was Marr's spotlight-stealing solo that thrillingly shattered the Smiths' own conventions and allowed him to make his instrument really squeal."

title: Shoplifters of the World Unite


text:
Angoor

Angoor may refer to:

 * Angoor (1982 film), a 1982 Indian Hindi-language comedy film by Gulzar, ultimately based on Shakespeare's The Comedy of Errors
 * Cirkus (working title Angoor), 2022 Indian Hindi-language comedy film by Rohit Shetty, remake of the 1982 film
 * Angoor Lata Deka, Indian actress and politician

title: Angoor


text: User:Vastu

title: User:Vastu


text:
Itacaré

Itacaré is a municipality in the cocoa zone of the state of Bahia in Brazil, south of Salvador.

Location
Itacaré is located 70 km north of Ilhéus where the Rio de Contas, which comes from the Chapada Diamantina, meets the Atlantic Ocean. Itacaré has about 27,000 residents. Out of these, approximately 50% live in the rural interior. A mixture of races - Amerindian, black and white - can be seen in the features of the natives, called "nação grapiúna", whom Jorge Amado affectionately referred to as "the captivating people of this land". The town was part of São Jorge dos Ilhéus, one of the 13 original Portuguese colonial Captaincies founded in 1532. Itacaré was first officially recognized in 1732 as the Vila de São Miguel da Barra do Rio de Contas (Village of Saint Michael of the Bar of the Contas). The village was established by the Jesuits who worked to convert and settle indigenous tribes of the area such as the Pataxós, Tupiniquins and Aimorés. The town was a notorious hangout for Dutch and Portuguese pirates during the early colonial period and later became a hub for the cocoa planting and a port for whalers. It was given city status in 1881.

The municipality contains 41% of the 9275 ha Serra do Conduru State Park, created in 1997. It also contains 14.88% of the 118000 ha Baía de Camamu Environmental Protection Area, created in 2002.

Economy
The first economic activity in region was the harvesting of Brazilwood (Caesalpinia sp.) which was used to create dyes in Europe and is where Brazil received its name. During the early colonial period the region also produced cassava flour (Manihot esculenta) which was sent maintain slaves that ran the sugar plantations in the colonial capital of Salvador. The largest economic boom came from cacao (Theobroma cacao) production during the 19th and 20th centuries. Cacao was grown further in the interior and Itacaré was an important port for exporting the cocoa beans to producers in Europe. It was during this time that a number of neocolonial houses and warehouses were built along the river front that still characterize the historical center of the town. As road and railway networks expanded and the port in nearby Ilhéus was expanded, Itacaré's importance as a port diminished. Construction of two dams upriver in the 1960s also led to the port silting up, making it harder for larger ships to dock.

The final blow to the cacao industry in the region was the massive blight of Vassoura de Bruxa (Witch's broom) devastated the region's cocoa crops in the 1980s. Since then, Itacaré has depended mostly upon tourism. It is a popular destination for surfers, hikers and ecotourists.

The construction of the BR001 in 1998 that connected Itacaré to the airport in Ilhéus brought increased tourism growth and led to the development of numerous new neighborhoods as the town expanded. The town has a series of beautiful small cove-type beaches as well as Itacarezinho and other picturesque beaches further along the coast. Itacaré is on the edge of a national park, one of the last large expanses of Atlantic rain forest left in Brazil.

The change from sleepy agrarian town to tourist hotspot has not been an easy one, however. Locals recently won a hard-fought campaign to stop land owners who wanted to charge for access to the beaches.

Access to one of the most pristine beaches, Prainha, had been blocked by a hotel/condominium development called Sao Jose Eco Resort. Both Prainha and Sao Jose beaches are now accessible by foot, free of charge.

Despite development in the area, it remains a hub of Bahian culture. Many tourists visit Itacaré to take part in the local Capoeira circles and eat traditional Brazilian food. The town is flooded with revelers during New Year's and Carnival.

Itacaré has been mentioned as one of the world's top 10 best small towns

title: Itacaré