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2005 Kuomintang chairmanship election

The 2005 Kuomintang chairmanship election was held on July 16, 2005 in Taiwan between Ma Ying-jeou and Wang Jin-pyng. The election was triggered by the retirement of chairman Lien Chan.

This was the second direct election of the chairman in Kuomintang history. All registered, due-paying KMT party members were eligible to vote. Previous leaders of the KMT had been elected by the party congress in a one-man race (with the candidate being either the incumbent or his designated successor). Lien ran unopposed in 2001, but his election was decided by rank and file party members. Lien retired without naming a successor, choosing to retain a direct election for the office of chairman.

The election was widely seen as a preliminary contest for the party's nomination in the 2008 presidential election. Ma's landslide victory over Wang originally made him the frontrunner in the bid for the KMT presidential nomination. An indictment over corruption in 2007 damaged Ma's election hopes, but he eventually ended up winning the 2008 presidential election.

The following KMT chairmanship election occurred in 2007.

Candidates
The election was less about specific issues and more about personality. Both candidates supported a conciliatory approach toward relations with the People's Republic of China and supported the party's opposition to Taiwan independence and support of the 1992 consensus. They both promised to reform the party to make it more democratic and crack down on black gold. Ma's supporters argued that being younger and more charismatic, he would provide the party with a more youthful, clean, and open image which would be useful for the party in the 2008 legislative elections and the 2008 presidential elections. Wang's supporters cited his experience as speaker of the Legislative Yuan and his support among party leaders as vital in uniting the pan-Blue Coalition.

Ma Ying-jeou ran in the election while serving as the mayor of Taipei City and a vice chairman of the KMT. His efforts at cracking down on black gold during his tenure as Justice Minister in the 1990s earned him a reputation of incorruptibility, especially because he was fired from this post for alienating the political underground, and his political career was considered to be over. His clean and competent public image and personal charisma has made him a widely popular politician, especially among female and younger voters. However, his critics claim that he, unlike his opponent, lacks friends among the KMT's political elite and has little experience in forging political alliances. In addition, his opponents claim that Ma's background as a Mainlander (he was born in Hong Kong to Hunanese parents) may become a problem when he runs for president (in the 2004 presidential election President Chen Shui-bian questioned his mainland-born opponents' loyalty towards Taiwan and questioned whether they would "sell Taiwan out" to the PRC). In response, his supporters cite polls that indicate that Ma is popular among all ethnicities and regions in Taiwan, and that substantial numbers of DPP supporters have indicated in polls that they would vote for him.

Wang Jin-pyng, also a vice chairman of the KMT, though less popular and charismatic than his opponent, has gained the reputation of being a shrewd and capable politician. He has served in the Legislative Yuan since 1976 and as the President of the Legislative Yuan since 1999. As President of the Legislative Yuan, he was seen as being a conciliatory leader, avoiding the heated rhetoric to reach across the political divide.

Wang enjoyed the support of many KMT political heavyweights. He was endorsed by party elders Lee Huan, Chen Jien-chung, Sung Shih-hsuan, and Yu Chung-ji. Prominent legislators John Chiang and Lee Ching-hua also supported Wang's candidacy. Around 130 retired generals also endorsed Wang, including president of National Defense University Cheng Pan-chi, former combined services deputy Wang Yi-tien, and former deputy director and executive officer of the ministry's Political Warfare Bureau Chen Hsing-kuo. In an about-face from his earlier pledge and order to other People First Party (PFP) politicians not to involve themselves in the election for KMT chairmanship, In the night before the election, PFP Chairman James Soong made a videotaped appearance to endorse Wang. Lien Chan, although promising to stay neutral during the campaign, was accidentally caught by news cameras voting for Wang Jin-pyng. This was seen as a move by Lien to unify the KMT, since Wang was trailing far behind Ma in the polls. In contrast, the only senior KMT political heavyweight endorsement received by Ma was from Hau Pei-tsun, although Ma received endorsement from some of his fellow middle-aged KMT politicians, including Jason Hu, the mayor of Taichung; Eric Chu, the magistrate of Taoyuan County; and Wu Den-yih, legislator from Nantou County and former mayor of Kaohsiung.

Wang's status as a Holo-speaker associated with the pro-localization faction of the KMT required him to dispel fears that he would turn out to be "another Lee Teng-hui" (who founded the pro-independence Taiwan Solidarity Union and was expelled from the party) or that he would leave the KMT to join the TSU if he lost the election. At the same time, Ma needed to dispel the stereotype of him as an urban Mainlander from Taipei unconnected with rural southern Holo-speaking Taiwan.

During the campaign both candidates attempted to dispel their stereotypes: Wang stressed his loyalty to the KMT and Republic of China (such as by singing patriotic songs from the Chiang Kai-shek-era) and gaining the support of conservative Mainlander heavyweights within the KMT. His Mainlander opponent Ma stressed his connection with the people of Taiwan and proposed measures such as moving some KMT Central Standing Committee meetings from Taipei to southern Taiwan.

Dynamics
Over 1 million KMT party members were eligible to vote. In the months leading to the election there was bitter debate between the two candidates over which party members were eligible to vote. While the Ma campaign wanted to limit the vote 300,000 party members fully paid-up in their annual dues, the Wang campaign argued that all 1.1 million card-carrying members would be eligible. The 300,000 members "in good standing" were mostly veterans and party members, considered part of the right-wing of the party, who were most likely to vote for Ma on the basis of his mainlander background. The 1.1 million members included a much greater proportion of native Taiwanese and some less enthusiastic supporters of the party who joined as a result of working for a state-run enterprise in which, before democratic reforms in the 1990s, KMT membership was encouraged and somewhat compelled. Finally it was agreed to that all card-carrying members would be able to vote as polls showed Ma running ahead of Wang even with the franchise opened. This request by Wang arguably backfired, as it might have very well been the case that members who were less involved with internal party politics became more attracted to Ma's personality.

The chairmanship election coincided with elections for 985 party delegates for the KMT's 17th national party congress. Each voting booth had three ballot boxes: one ballot box for the party chairman, the second ballot box for the party delegates, and the third ballot box for KMT members from military villages also voting for delegates.

title: 2005 Kuomintang chairmanship election


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Jaymz Bee and the Royal Jelly Orchestra

Jaymz Bee and the Royal Jelly Orchestra is a Canadian lounge music and jazz band formed in Toronto. This group of about a dozen musicians, led by Bee (whose real name is James Doyle) released eight albums of cover versions of well-known songs, reinterpreted for performance in cocktail lounges.

History
The band was formed by Jaymz Bee (current host of "Jazz in the City" on CJRT-FM), following the breakup of The Look People, and were quickly offered a spot on Molly Johnson's Kumbaya Festival bill. The group's f self-titled album was released in 1995.

The band's best known album was 1997's Cocktail: Shakin' and Stirred, released by BMG. It featured lounge interpretations of classic Canadian rock songs, ranging from Rush, Jim Vallance and Bryan Adams to Crash Test Dummies and Alanis Morissette. Some of the vocalists featured on the disc were Tim Tamashiro, Frank Nevada, John Alcorn, Roger Clown, Big Rude Jake, Melleny Melody, Robbie Rox, and John Southworth.

The core of the band consisted of Bee, Jono Grant on piano and guitar, Great Bob Scott on drums, George Koller on bass, Sarah McElcheran on trumpet, Jim Bish on saxophone, flute and clarinet, Richard Underhill on alto and soprano sax and Colleen Allen on tenor sax and flute. A vast array of guest vocalists have also performed with the band, including Tia Brazda, Molly Johnson, Kyree Vibrant, Monika Deol, Ed the Sock, Moxy Früvous, Greg Keelor, Albert Schultz, Sophia Perlman, and Ralph Benmergui. Many singers, such as Michael Bublé, DK Ibomeka, Serafin LaRiviere, Sophie Milman, and Lyne Tremblay, have also gone on to do their own recordings and tours since guesting with the band. Vocalists include Julie Michels, Alex Pangman, Jef "Vegas" Farquharson, Mariève Herington, Heather Bambrick and Roger Clown.

The Royal Jelly Orchestra rarely perform for the public. For the most part, the band perform at charity galas, corporate events, awards shows and big budget private parties.

In 2002, Bee released the album Sub Urban under the name Jaymz Bee and the Deep Lounge Coalition. On vocals were Steve Anthony, Jef Farquharson, Big Rude Jake, Peter Kent, Melissa McClelland, Clay Tyson and Dave Wall.

Discography

 * Jaymz Bee and His Royal Jelly Orchestra, Nepotism Records 1995
 * ''Jaymz Bee! "The King Of Cocktail", split with Tim Tamashiro. BMG Special Projects for Smirnoff Vodka 1996.
 * Cocktail: Shakin' and Stirred, 1997
 * A Christmas Cocktail, 1997
 * ClintEastWoodyAllenAlda, Independent 1997. Re-released by Leisure Lab/BMG.
 * We'll Be Right Back With More, 1999
 * Life of the Party, 2000
 * Sub Urban, Jaymz Bee and the Deep Lounge Coalition, Oglio Records 2002
 * Seriously Happy, 2004
 * Toronto Launch Pad, 2006

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Jaymz Bee and the Royal Jelly Orchestra


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User:Streetspirit01

I'm tired of seeing red...

title: User:Streetspirit01


text:
Mountjoy Prison

Mountjoy Prison (Príosún Mhuinseo), founded as Mountjoy Gaol and nicknamed The Joy, is a medium security men's prison located in Phibsborough in the centre of Dublin, Ireland. The current prison Governor is Ray Murtagh.

History

Mountjoy was designed by Captain Joshua Jebb of the Royal Engineers and opened in 1850. It was based on the design of London's Pentonville Prison also designed by Jebb. Originally intended as the first stop for men sentenced to transportation, they would spend a period in separate confinement before being transferred to Spike Island and transported from there to Van Diemen's Land.

A total of 46 prisoners (including one woman, Annie Walsh) were executed within the walls of the prison, prior to the abolition of capital punishment. Executions were carried out by hanging and firing squads, after which the bodies of the dead were taken down from the gallows and buried within the prison grounds in unmarked graves. The list of Irish republican prisoners executed at Mountjoy Prison includes:

Annie Walsh from Limerick, who was found guilty of murdering her husband, was executed in Mountjoy prison on 5 August 1925. She remains the only woman ever executed by the Irish State which was founded in 1922.
 * Kevin Barry
 * Patrick Moran
 * Frank Flood
 * Thomas Whelan
 * Thomas Traynor
 * Patrick Doyle
 * Thomas Bryan
 * Bernard Ryan
 * Edmond Foley
 * Patrick Maher
 * Rory O'Connor
 * Joe McKelvey
 * Liam Mellows
 * Richard Barrett
 * Thomas Harte
 * Patrick McGrath
 * Maurice O'Neill
 * Charlie Kerins

On 13 October 1923, Irish Republican prisoners in Mountjoy Prison began the 1923 Irish Hunger Strikes, protesting being interned without charges or trial and poor prison conditions. Close to 500 men began the hunger strike in Mountjoy and the strike quickly spread to other camps and prisons with over 5,000 prisoners taking part nationwide. Andy O'Sullivan, from County Cavan, died on hunger strike on 23 November 1923 in Mountjoy Prison.

After being convicted of murdering a Garda officer, Charlie Kerins, former Chief of Staff to the Anti-Treaty IRA, was hanged at Mountjoy Prison on 1 December 1944.

The last execution carried out in the Republic of Ireland, that of Michael Manning, took place in Mountjoy Prison on 20 April 1954.

Some Irish leaders involved with the Irish War of Independence and Irish Civil War were held there. On 14 May 1921, an IRA team led by Paddy Daly and Emmet Dalton mounted an attempt to rescue Sean McEoin from the prison. They used a captured armoured car to gain access to Mountjoy, but were discovered and had to shoot their way out.

The Fenian poet, author of the popular song "Rising of the Moon", John Keegan 'Leo' Casey was imprisoned here during the 1860s; subsequently in the 20th century, playwright and IRA activist Brendan Behan was also gaoled within.

On 31 October 1973, it was the scene of a spectacular escape by a hijacked helicopter by three Provisional Irish Republican Army prisoners, including Seamus Twomey and Joe B. O'Hagan.

By 2006, a 60-hectare site had been acquired for €30 million at Thornton Hall, Fingal, where a replacement for Mountjoy was to be constructed. The new facility was intended to accommodate 1,400 prisoners. The site was planned to include court facilities, video-conference links, medical and therapeutic facilities, but due to government cutbacks these plans have now been sidelined.

Incidents
In August 2006, prisoners who were normally separated from the rest of the population for safety were mixed together for a night with mentally ill inmate Stephen Egan. Prisoner Gary Douche was killed by Egan who was found not guilty of murder due to a lack of responsibility. This prompted the Minister of Justice to seek a limit of 520 inmates on the capacity of the prison.

In October 2010, the prison was placed under lockdown after a night of violence and rioting involving more than 70 inmates. It started when a number of prisoners attacked three prison officers with pool cues and balls during recreation. Reinforcements were brought in from around Dublin to quell the riot and a number of Alsatians dogs from the riot unit were also deployed.

In 2016, figures were released showing that Mountjoy Prison saw a disproportionate number of prisoners hospitalised due to assaults and self-harm. In response, the Irish Penal Reform Trust said the "ongoing levels of violence and intimidation in Irish prisons, particularly in Mountjoy Prison, must be addressed".

Main Prison
Mountjoy Prison is constructed along a radial design with four main wings, A through D, each of which has three landings, as well as an underground basement landing. The wings are connected to a central circle, known simply as 'the circle'. When originally built in 1850 it had 500 cells each of which was designed for single capacity. Many parts of the original building have either been renovated or destroyed. At the time of the 2009 inspection, there were 371 cells in the main unit of the prison. These are the original cells which were built in 1850 for single occupancy. Their size varies from 3.91m x 2.06m to 3.43m x 2.06m. The prison was built with in-cell sanitation but this was removed in 1939 when it was deemed that 'prisoners were using too much water'. However, all cells in the main jail have in-cell sanitation following refurbishment in the period 2010 to 2015. These cells contain a toilet, a sink, a television and a small kettle.

Facilities in the prison include gymnasiums, computer classes, carpentry, masonry and a wide variety of school activities such as music, drama and cookery. Prisoners can undertake to complete academic exams in school such as Junior Certificate, Leaving Certificate and even Open University. Additionally, there is an on-site kitchen and bakery where trusted inmates are given employment under supervision.

Medical Unit
The Medical Unit, otherwise referred to as the drug detoxification unit, is a three-storied structure. It provides accommodation for sixty prisoners in forty-eight single-person cells and three cells that can accommodate up to four people. All the cells in this unit have in-cell sanitation facilities. It is equipped with medical facilities, classrooms and kitchen facilities. The Inspector of Prisons reported in 2009 that this unit was bright and clean and did not suffer from overcrowding.

Controlled Behavioural Unit
The Controlled Behavioural Unit, known as the CBU or the Block, is used for unruly prisoners or those on punishment and is located in the 'C' Base, underneath the C wing. This includes 24-hour lock-up, with the exception of one hour of open-air exercise, and no integration with other inmates.

Separation Unit
The Separation Unit had 35 cells. It also had kitchen facilities a shower block and a laundry. In the late 1980s, inmates diagnosed with HIV or AIDS were housed in the separation unit. This policy was brought to an end on 1 January 1995. Following the unit's refurbishment in 1997, all cells had in-cell sanitation. The separation unit was closed indefinitely in 2014 following an inspection by the Inspector of Prisons.

Mountjoy Campus
The Mountjoy Campus is home to three other separate penal facilities.

 * Dóchas Centre
 * St. Patrick's Institution
 * Training Unit

People associated with Mountjoy
A former governor was Charles Arthur Munro, brother of the Edwardian satirist Saki.

The schizophrenic French surrealist playwright Antonin Artaud was briefly detained in Mountjoy before his deportation from Ireland as "a destitute and undesirable alien".

Thomas Ashe was also a former inmate of the jail for his involvement in the Easter Rising 1916. After a protest of starvation, he was transferred across the street to the Mater Misericordiae Hospital on 25 September 1916 where he died a few hours after arrival.

Peadar O'Donnell, IRA Commander of the 2nd Northern Division was imprisoned in Mountjoy Gaol and the Curragh. Following the end of the Irish Civil War, he participated in the mass republican hunger strike (1923 Irish Hunger Strikes), remaining on hunger strike for 41 days. O'Donnell's prison experience and eventual escape in March 1924, are described in his 1932 memoir The Gates Flew Open.

In Popular Culture
2014's album World Peace Is None of Your Business by artist Morrissey includes a song called Mountjoy about the prison.

title: Mountjoy Prison


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User:E rulez

I'm a sysop from Lithuanian wikipedia.

da:Bruger:E rulez fr:Utilisateur:E rulez lt:Naudotojas:E rulez

title: User:E rulez


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/A Whisper

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was no consensus to delete, suggestion to merge. Joyous (talk) 01:38, July 25, 2005 (UTC)

A Whisper
Was marked for a speedy but for non notability, so I don't think it's a candidate. I abstain from voting. CanadianCaesar 07:44, 17 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Changing my vote to a Keep Lots of Google hits CanadianCaesar 07:57, 17 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Unless it can be greatly expanded, merge and redirect to A Rush of Blood to the Head.--Kross 08:16, July 17, 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge and redirect to A Rush of Blood to the Head. It wasn't a hit single or a particularly notable track albeit off a very notable album. Capitalistroadster
 * Redirect. to A Rush Of Blood To The Head. Most of those Google hits are simply redundant song lyrics or its place in the album's track listing.  It's a non-single track, so you can't expand to add cover artwork, release date, charting position, music video details, etc. --Madchester 16:32, July 17, 2005 (UTC)
 * Strong delete. Song info should go in album articles until there is enough information for a breakout article. Gamaliel 16:34, 17 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect to A Rush Of Blood To The Head, non-notable album track. Dcarrano 18:41, July 17, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete non notable album track. JamesBurns 08:25, 18 July 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


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Heo Jun (disambiguation)

Heo Jun (1539–1615) was a court physician of the Joseon Dynasty in Korea.

Heo Jun may also refer to:
 * Hur Jun (TV series), a South Korean television series
 * Hur Jun, the Original Story, a South Korean television series
 * 72059 Heojun, a main-belt asteroid
 * Heo Jun (television personality) (born 1977), South Korean television personality
 * Heo Jun (fencer) (born 1988), South Korean fencer

title: Heo Jun (disambiguation)


text:
User:CrystallinEntity

I'm a software engineer from southern California. There's not much more to say. 8)

title: User:CrystallinEntity


text:
Monika Deol

Monika Deol is a Canadian television personality. She began as an entertainment reporter for Citytv in Toronto, Ontario, and then became an anchor for MuchMusic's national news shows FAX and RapidFAX. From 1988 to 1996 Deol was simultaneously entertainment anchor on CityPulse at Six, co-host of MuchMusic's FAX and RapidFAX, and co-host of Citytv's alternative fashion and style show Ooh La La while hosting and co-producing MuchMusic's Electric Circus. Deol was the first news anchor with the inaugural VTV Vancouver News at 6 (now known as CTV Vancouver) and anchor on CityPulse News at 11 on Citytv Vancouver in 2002.

Deol starred in the 2015 Canadian feature film, Beeba Boys, directed by Deepa Mehta. She also appeared in John Candy's directorial debut, Hostage for a Day and had a principal role in the film, Just For Fun.

Deol is a contributing author to the anthology, Between Interruptions: 30 Women Tell The Truth About Motherhood. She was also founder and president of the cosmetics brand STELLAR, which launched in Sephora America in 2017.

In 2019, Deol was one of the recipients of the Top 25 Canadian Immigrant Awards.

Personal life
Born in Punjab, India, Deol immigrated to Marathon, Ontario as a child with her parents, who were both teachers. Their family then moved to a grain and dairy farm in Beausejour, Manitoba. She attended the University of Winnipeg in the early 1980s and began her music career as a club DJ and VJ in the Fort Garry Hotel night club at that time. Deol then became the lead singer and manager of local Winnipeg band, "Perfect Kiss". Later, she moved to Toronto and joined CITY TV and MuchMusic as an on-air personality. She hosted the dance show Electric Circus for many years. Deol and her husband live in Vancouver with their four children.

title: Monika Deol


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Talk:St. Elsewhere

Names to faces
Let's see if we can put names with the faces (per the image that is now in the article). I'll take a crack at it here on the talk page, and when we get it all correct, we can move it to the article.

Front row, let to right:
 * Dr. Annie Cavanero (1982-1985) — Cynthia Sikes
 * Dr. Mark Craig — William Daniels
 * Dr. Donald Westphall — Ed Flanders
 * Dr. Ben Samuels (1982-1983) — David Birney

Second row, left to right:
 * Dr. Phillip Chandler — Denzel Washington
 * Dr. Wendy Armstrong (1982-1984) — Kim Miyori
 * Dr. Victor Ehrlich — Ed Begley, Jr.
 * Dr. Jack Morrison — David Morse
 * Nurse Shirley Daniels (1982-1985) — Ellen Bry
 * Dr. Daniel Auschlander — Norman Lloyd

Third row, left to right:
 * Dr. V. J. Kochar (1982-1984) — Kavi Raz
 * Nurse Helen Rosenthal — Christina Pickles
 * Dr. Hugh Beale (1982-1983) — G.W. Bailey
 * Dr. Cathy Martin (1982-1986) — Barbara Whinnery
 * Dr. Wayne Fiscus — Howie Mandel
 * Dr. Peter White (1982-1985) — Terence Knox

Others (not shown in picture
 * Orderly Luther Hawkins — Eric Laneuville
 * Joan Halloran (1983-1984) — Nancy Stafford
 * Dr. Robert Caldwell (1983-1986) — Mark Harmon
 * Dr. Michael Ridley (1983-1984) — Paul Sand
 * Mrs. Ellen Craig — Bonnie Bartlett
 * Dr. Elliot Axelrod (1983-1988) — Stephen Furst
 * Nurse Lucy Papandrao — Jennifer Savidge
 * Dr. Jaqueline Wade (1983-1988) — Sagan Lewis
 * Orderly Warren Coolidge (1984-1988) — Byron Stewart
 * Dr. Emily Humes (1984-1985) — Judith Hansen
 * Dr. Alan Poe (1984-1985) — Brian Tochi
 * Nurse Peggy Shotwell (1984-1986) — Saudra Sharp
 * Mrs. Hufnagel (1984-1985) — Florence Halop
 * Dr. Roxanne Turner (1985-1987) — Alfre Woodard
 * Ken Valere (1985-1986) — George Deloy
 * Terri Valere (1985-1986) — Deborah May
 * Dr. Seth Griffin (1986-1988) — Bruce Greenwood
 * Dr. Paulette Kiem (1986-1988) — France Nuyen
 * Dr. Carol Novino (1986-1988) — Cindy Pickett
 * Joanne McFadden (1986-1988) — Patricia Wettig
 * Dr. John Gideon (1987-1988) — Ronny Cox
 * Tommy Westphall (1983-1986, plus final episode) — Chad Allen

Does nobody else know?

Atlant 17:25, 28 March 2006 (UTC)

 * Otto1970 04:56, 17 August 2006 (UTC)Otto1970 can confirm that the names for the photo are all correct

 * Thanks! I'll get this into the article soon. Atlant 12:28, 17 August 2006 (UTC)

 * I replaced the cumbersome group portrait caption with a MediaWiki image map. It's supposed to be a stable feature, but if too many users complain, replace it with the image tag of my previous clean-up, 23:48, 7 December 2007. —QuicksilverT @ 02:35, 8 December 2007 (UTC)

Linkspam
Sorry about that. Wasn't trying to do "linkspam." Was just trying to provide details on the much-anticipated DVD. Went overboard I guess, if that was too much. Otto1970 23:50, 30 August 2006 (UTC)

The final episode
Apologies for not referencing the 'imagination' assertion straight out. Doing a Google News archive search against 'Tommy Westphall' produces numerous hits from articles over the last 18 years with exactly that assertion; it has not been stated as a fact, but 'One of the more common interpretations', which I believe is probably the appropriate phrasing when referenced, as it is now. Skybunny 16:48, 21 September 2006 (UTC)
 * Recently viewed the final episode and so I fixed the quote attributed to Donald Westphall regarding his autistic son at the end of the final episode. Precise quote is: "I don't understand this autism thing, Pop. Here's my son. I talk to him. I don't even know if he can hear me, because he sits there, all day long, in his own world, staring at that toy. What's he thinkin' about?" Otto1970 05:02, 30 June 2007 (UTC)

So, where do we take the entry from here?
I feel like this article has come a long way in the past 12 months. Any thoughts on what the next couple of steps should be? The "trivia" and "crossovers/in-jokes" areas are quite long, but I honestly don't think there is much fat in them. The trivia info is fairly notable. And the crossovers/in-jokes were such an important element of the show and it's place in TV history. In fact, I would argue that quite a bit is missing from crossovers/in-jokes. A whole sub-section could be done on the specific MTM crossovers and intertextuality that St. Elsewhere wove into its story threads in various ways. (For example, the episode that ends as an ironic homage to the credits of The Mary Tyler Moore Show.) Otto1970 05:07, 30 June 2007 (UTC)

 * I think the next steps for the page would be greater detail on the various characters on the show, plot synopses, and so forth. Bjdwsm (talk) 05:50, 8 June 2008 (UTC)

Article assessment
I've re-assessed this article for WP:TV as requested here. I've not actually changed the ratings (which are currently B class and mid importance) as I think they are appropriate. The article is lacking important sections like response (including critical response and ratings, although there is an awards section), production (although the crew are mentioned in the overview section and the trivia sections includes lots of information relevant to production) and a plot synopsis (which is currently limited to the last episode). The trivia section should be re-distributed into appropriate prose sections. Lists should be re-written as prose - aim for the reader unfamiliar with the show (as one such reader the list of characters was rather dull for me). The article includes in-text external links which should be either moved to the external links section or converted into citations as per the manual of style. Please note that a more formal assessment by other editors is required to achieve good article or featured article status. I used criteria from the television wikiproject guidelines here, article about TV series guidelines here and the assessment guidelines here.--Opark 77 09:25, 6 November 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Stelsewhere.jpg
Image:Stelsewhere.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images lacking such an explanation can be deleted one week after being tagged, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot (talk) 06:31, 24 January 2008 (UTC)

Looking for help writing an article about the spin-offs and crossovers of this series
I am writing an article about all of the series which are in the same shared reality as this one through spin-offs and crossovers. I could use a little help expanding the article since it is currently extremely dense and a bit jumbled with some sentence structures being extremely repetitive. I would like to be able to put this article into article space soon. Any and all help in writing the article would be appreciated, even a comment or two on the talk page would help. Please give it a read through, also please do not comment here since I do not have all of the series on my watch list. - LA @ 17:40, 16 March 2008 (UTC)

Northern Exposure, another medical drama created by Joshua Brand and John Falsey, which has a similar premise
What a Doctor? I think not. Any Opinions —Preceding unsigned comment added by N8Riley (talk • contribs) 02:56, 23 July 2008 (UTC)

 * Recommend deletion of above comment -- Its grammar is nonsense & the title is factually incorrect: Northern Exposure was not a medical drama.

Northern Exposure debuted in 1990, therefore I find it highly doubtful that St. Elsewhere's final episode (1988) made a reference to it. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Zoralink37 (talk • contribs) 20:03, 15 January 2009 (UTC)

 * Recommend this comment be deleted as it makes no sense -- There is no claim on this page of any reference to Northern Exposure by any episode of St. Elsewhere.

Image copyright problem with File:Stelsewhere finale.jpg
The image File:Stelsewhere finale.jpg is used in this article under a claim of fair use, but it does not have an adequate explanation for why it meets the requirements for such images when used here. In particular, for each page the image is used on, it must have an explanation linking to that page which explains why it needs to be used on that page. Please check

 * That there is a non-free use rationale on the image's description page for the use in this article.
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This is an automated notice by FairuseBot. For assistance on the image use policy, see Media copyright questions. --12:34, 18 February 2009 (UTC)

Peter White was NOT the rapist.
Although every indication was given that Peter White was the rapist, after Peter White was killed there was at least one more (possibly more, but I don't remember) rape, at which time the real rapist was unmasked, and he did indeed look EXACTLY like Peter White (who was already dead at this point.)

76.125.163.195 (talk) 04:32, 6 September 2014 (UTC)

 * Glad to see this here. I am currently giving the series a rewatch on Hulu, and I must agree with the above. Peter White wasn't the rapist. Mari Adkins 03:36, 11 February 2018 (UTC) — Preceding unsigned comment added by MariAdkins (talk • contribs)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

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Demo?
What is a 'demo' ? Was there a protest in the streets about this show? Please use encyclopaedic language, and link or eschew specialist terms. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 59.167.234.198 (talk) 21:34, 28 August 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:St. Elsewhere


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User talk:CrystallinEntity

Welcome!

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title: User talk:CrystallinEntity


text:
Talk:Adam Lazzara

Wedding Called Off
Adam and Chauntelle WILL NOT be getting married. http://www.eisley.com/journals/trolleywood/_33083/ —Preceding unsigned comment added by 99.249.77.154 (talk) 06:40, 19 January 2008 (UTC)

Removing unnecessary stuff
Someone added that Adam is married and that girls need to back off? Yeah, I am removing that. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 68.56.209.11 (talk) 16:41, 20 October 2007 (UTC)

How about a better picture?
What's up with the brown teeth?? It's been here since forever (I looked back on the history). I'm not sure about the wiki policy for pictures, so will someone, seriously, please get a better picture?--Wkpdia rox 23:18, 8 June 2007 (UTC)

 * Actually it's not brown teeth, it's Grillz. But yeah, anyway, he is in desperate need of a new picture. Cuz that picture is taken from a very old TBS video, You're So Last Summer.

Removed ..
I removed a sentence someone added saying: "Adam Bazzara is possibly the hottest guy I know and would get naked for him. kbye <33" Sounds like half the girls at my school heh!

JeSSi D.- I Removed a paragraph stating that "Adam enjoys regularly altering his appearance (in particular, his hair) to look like a girl and once he grew his hair out long, but now its blonde, and he resembles arron carter." or something along those lines

it was unnessesary, and untrue, yes he does change his hair styles, so i simply moved that one sentence "Adam enjoys regularly altering his appearance (in particular, his hair)" to the trivia section.

NPOV, Citations, and Professionalism
I'm about to clean this article up a little bit, as it's not NPOV at all and it screams "I was written by a teenage fanboy/girl", I'm also adding a citation tag since every "fact" in this article about Adam Lazzara has no citations.

"They are sometimes characterized by frenetic bursts of energy and vocals. The crowd loves to sing along and he loves to interact with as many of them as possible. " "He developed a very innovative dual vocal system of bickering friends through the lyrics"

I'm also taking out the following bits atleast until there's some sort of link to proof:

Adam Lazzara has often been referred to as an "Emo sex symbol".

He was the inspiration of the band Brand New's quote, "Mics are for singing not for swinging"

If you disagree, look at the log/revert/comment backSuper Pixel Advance 06:39, 29 July 2006 (UTC)

I put some of the trivia back in with references, and I was just wondering if that's the reason why there is a reference template at the top. If so, I suppose we can go ahead and take it down... --Andrew 12:33, 23 August 2006 (UTC)

YouTube links
This article is one of thousands on Wikipedia that have a link to YouTube in it. Based on the External links policy, most of these should probably be removed. I'm putting this message here, on this talk page, to request the regular editors take a look at the link and make sure it doesn't violate policy. In short: 1. 99% of the time YouTube should not be used as a source. 2. We must not link to material that violates someones copyright. If you are not sure if the link on this article should be removed, feel free to ask me on my talk page and I'll review it personally. Thanks. ---J.S (t|c) 07:23, 7 November 2006 (UTC) Adam Lazzara::: Possibly The funniest EMO in ever to join a awesome rock band. -Lauren Febrauary 2007

Adam and Chauntelle Dupree
Adam L. is currently dating Chauntelle Dupree from the band Eisley and she even posted about it in her online journal dated November 14, 2006 and it says: I hear there are rumors that Adam Lazzara from Taking Back Sunday and I are dating? Well, you all know that us Eisley people prefer that our personal lives remain private, but it's hard to keep this one a secret! Adam is really amazing, and we're both way excited about the future! Thank you, to all you well wisher's! - http://www.eisley.com/journals/chauntelle/ So why does everyone keep deleting that he's dating her from his article? I know this is hard to take ladies, but come on now. If they want it to be known, they want it to be known. HarmoniousSky

SO STOP DELETING IT! it drives me crazy. it's not gonna change anything! he is dating hauntelle. DEAL WITH IT!

HE IS DATING CHAUNTELLE! I live in the same town as them and they are together and happy.

He's now officially engaged to Chauntelle. I'd add it to the article but some fan girl would just delete it. Salmonberrys 10:37, 15 February 2007 (UTC)

Probably, but add it in anyhow. For any non-believers, here's a picture of her and Adam...and her engagement ring! :) http://www.eisley.com/tourpics/MakingOf2/BackHome/TallDrinks.jpgHarmoniousSky

 * Unless I find a source that says otherwise since it is sourced information and true, any changes to say he isn't engaged to her or that he is engaged or married or is madly in love with or has x amount of children with a random fan girl visiting the article will be reverted and dealt with as vandalism.  Darth griz 98 03:36, 17 February 2007 (UTC)

 * Why does it have information about them getting married? They're only engaged. I've heard nothing about a wedding date yet.

He said in an issue of Kerrang that he's getting married next March. You can see the article here: http://www.tbsunion.com/coppermine/cpg135/displayimage.php?pid=2702&fullsize=1 By the way, it's really annoying that many people (fan girls) keep deleting the fact that he's engaged to Chauntelle and is getting married to her from the article. There's proof and all so stop deleting it...it's getting old. Honestly, deleting it from a Wikipedia article doesn't change that he is taken so why do it? HarmoniousSky

It was announced by Boyd on January 19th that Adam and Chauntelle DID split up. Source: http://www.eisley.com/journals/trolleywood/_33083/#more

Fans
What is with these fans named Allie and Molly? Cite some type of source, like a myspace blog FROM ADAM LAZZARA or it will continue to be deleted. Also, find a source for the almost homosexual attraction to anything Brad Pitt or it will be removed.--WhereAmI 21:36, 13 January 2007 (UTC)
 * The homosexual attraction seems to be on the internet, but alot reference Wikipedia. It is the fact that the music video "Cute without the E" was based on Fight Club that kept me from deleting that fact.  Someone needs a verification such as MTV.com very soon. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by WhereAmI (talk • contribs) 21:55, 13 January 2007 (UTC).

Triva
If you cannot find a source for items in the trivia section, they will be removed, including any thing on Chantalle DuPree or alleging he has brain cancer or is allergic to cats unless there is a source. Some things also do not belong in a Wikipedia article either, please try to keep trivia short and noteworthy.  Darth griz 98 04:40, 4 February 2007 (UTC)

Well somebody added the Chauntelle thing back in, but to speak the truth, I'm scared to know what the person would do to me if I took it out...69.175.27.157 17:00, 4 February 2007 (UTC)
 * I saw that somebody cited that earlier, so it's probably true, it just keeps being taken out by fangirls that can't believe he is not single I suppose. I'm going to look for the citation and add it back in and put it in the article rather than the trivia section.   Darth  griz 98 20:00, 16 February 2007 (UTC)

Mics are for swigning...
Your story is all wrong. That happened two years ago, not in 2006. And it's not in response to hitting Mark in the head but rather just because of the way Adam always swings the mic. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Warbrain (talk • contribs) 19:51, 16 February 2007 (UTC).
 * Either way, it needs cited or it will probably have to be taken out since this is a biography and OR is a huge no no.  Darth griz 98 19:58, 16 February 2007 (UTC)

What about the tatoo around his elbow that reads "next time that star shoots across the sky..." from the song "Knives, Bats, New Tats" by Liftime? Hairsprayqueen 17:26, 28 October 2007 (UTC)

Page won't show up
I cited the engagement statement so it wouldn't be removed, but the page will not show up right, it is all there when you click edit this page, but not on Wikipedia. I don't know if it's my browser, but somebody might want to look at this, I can't seem to figure out what's causing it.  Darth griz 98 23:30, 16 March 2007 (UTC)
 * Never mind I fixed it,the citation didn't have a  at the end.  Darth griz 98 19:54, 17 March 2007 (UTC)

hey the engagement thing is gone again. is it really just vandalism by fangirls? if so that is really tragic. can someone repost it? and cite it from the isley blog (follow the photo above to get to the article written by her dad) 131.111.8.98 02:38, 29 May 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Nice grill, Lazzara.JPG
Image:Nice grill, Lazzara.JPG is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

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If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot 00:43, 2 July 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Nice grill, Lazzara.JPG
Image:Nice grill, Lazzara.JPG is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

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If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot 04:23, 3 July 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Nice grill, Lazzara.JPG
Image:Nice grill, Lazzara.JPG is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot 11:25, 6 July 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Nice grill, Lazzara.JPG
Image:Nice grill, Lazzara.JPG is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot 04:41, 14 July 2007 (UTC)

External links modified
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External links modified
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Tree Accident
No mention of the tree that fell on him a few years ago while outside of a Michigan recording studio, breaking his leg and pinning him to the ground? - user:Hsxeric

title: Talk:Adam Lazzara


text:
User:Lady Socrates

"Lady Socrates" is the Internet name of Donna McKereghan, a philosopher by degree, career and by nature. The name was given to her several years ago by friends she met and interacted with on the Internet. She is active in her local and state government as well, where she is also often recognized by the pen name "Lady Socrates." She can be reached at lady.socrates@comcast.net --Lady Socrates 07:49, July 17, 2005 (UTC)

title: User:Lady Socrates


text:
User:Caiyu

Hi, my name is Caiyu（), a programmer comes from Taiwan.

I joined Wikipedia in July, 2005. My interests are fantasy, science fiction, anima/manga and ancient Chinese culture. I don't write many articles, but sometimes add or fix interlanguage links when wandering through different language editions, hoping to weave knowledge more unobstructed.

Current task in 維基百科
維基百科 is the Chinese edition of Wikipedia.

 * Create articles for all existing Chinese translations of Ursula K. Le Guin's works.

Shortcuts

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title: User:Caiyu


text: User talk:71.106.253.87

title: User talk:71.106.253.87


text:
SAF Military Police Command

The SAF Military Police Command (新加坡武装部队宪兵指挥部, Markas Polis Tentera Angkatan Bersenjata Singapura, சிங்கப்பூர் ஆயுதப்பமட ராணுவ மபாலிஸ) is the military police formation of the Singapore Armed Forces (SAF). Established as the Singapore Armed Forces Provost Unit (SAFPU) in 1966, its primary role is to police duties to uphold standards of discipline within the SAF, and to provide security coverage for key SAF military installations and the Ministry of Defence (MINDEF) headquarters at Bukit Gombak.

The Military Police Command also perform guard mounting at the Istana, and form the ceremonial guard of honour for state visits by foreign dignitaries and at other national events. Moreover, they maintain discipline within the SAF through enforcement and the operation of the SAF Detention Barracks, and search and rescue operations, amongst other duties. In wartime contingencies, the Military Police Command would be tasked with safeguarding prisoners-of-war, protecting rear echelon areas and headquarters, as well as securing important supply routes and relevant bases for Singapore.

History
The SAF Military Police Command started on 26 August 1966 as a single company known as the Provost Company, which formally started operations at Beach Road Camp, where the first detention cells were located. At the time, the Provost Company was part of the Manpower Division and under the command of the 1st Singapore Infantry Brigade. When National Service started in 1967, the Provost Company grew in size and moved to Hill Street Camp in 1970. Two other companies, the Dog and Operations companies, were established at Hill Street Camp.

The Provost, Dog and Operations companies merged in February 1971 to form the SAF Provost Unit (SAFPU) and moved to Mowbray Camp at Ulu Pandan Road in July that year. Two sub-units, the Security Company and the Special Investigations Branch (SIB), were added to the SAFPU in 1973. The following year, a sixth sub-unit, the 1st Reservist Provost Company, was formed in the SAFPU. Up to the late 1980s, the SAFPU operated four different detention barracks located at Tanglin (opened in 1972), Changi (opened in 1973), Nee Soon (opened in 1974) and Kranji (opened in 1977).

The Operations Company took on ceremonial functions in 1980 and formed the first guard of honour for the German ambassador to Singapore. The SAFPU brown uniform was first introduced in 1983. The following year, a 93-men unit drawn from the SAFPU formed the Silent Precision Drill Squad (SPDS), who trained under the guidance of foreign instructors for a performance during the 1984 National Day Parade at the Padang. The SPDS performed again during the 1986 and 1988 National Day Parades. They also served as the guard of honour during the opening ceremony of the 1993 Southeast Asian Games.

Starting in the mid-1980s, the SAFPU have been performing ceremonial sentry duties at the Istana, the official residence of the President of Singapore, and the monthly guard mounting ceremony outside the Istana. In 1995, President Ong Teng Cheong presented the SAFPU with its colours.

The SAFPU has moved to a new camp along Choa Chu Kang Way. Keeping with tradition, the road leading to the camp is named Mowbray Road and the new camp itself is still called Mowbray Camp. The SAF Detention Barracks was opened on 29 March 1987 next to the new Mowbray Camp to replace all the different detention barracks previously operated by the SAFPU. The old Mowbray Camp at Ulu Pandan has since been handed over to the Singapore Police Force and is currently used by the Protective Security Command (ProCom).

On 1 September 2006, SAFPU was renamed SAF Military Police Command and officially inaugurated by Lieutenant-General Ng Yat Chung, the Chief of Defence Force. The SAF Military Police Command came under the command of HQ 2nd People's Defence Force and expanded to include the SAF Band, Ministry of Defence (MINDEF) headquarters, and the 8th and 9th Battalions, Singapore Infantry Regiment in 2011.

Organisation
The SAF Military Police Command is headed by the Command Headquarters at Mowbray Camp. Its operational duties are subdivided into five categories – enforcement, ceremonial, security, incarceration, and criminal investigation – carried out by the Military Police Enforcement Unit (MPEU), Security Troopers from 8 SIR and 9 SIR, the SAF Detention Barracks, and the Special Investigation Branch (SIB).

Military Police Enforcement Unit (MPEU)

The Military Police Enforcement Unit (MPEU) serves as the main enforcement arm of the SAF Military Police Command. It comprises three companies: the Law Enforcement and Ceremonial Company (LECC), the Support Company, and the Military Working Dog Unit (MWDU).

The LECC routinely conducts spot-checks in SAF camps, bases, vessels, and on personnel returning from overseas deployment. They are also trained to conduct anti-riot operations in SAF camps and the SAF Detention Barracks. The LECC also mounts the guard of honour contingent for military and state events.

The Support Company has a Presidential Guards Platoon that serves as ceremonial sentries at the Istana, as well as performing the guard mounting ceremony outside the Istana on the first Sunday of every month. The platoon's members are also trained in Silent Precision Drills, and form the Silent Precision Drill Squad (SPDS) which performs at the monthly Istana Change of Guards ceremony, as well as the National Day Parade and international military tattoos. The support company also includes a Traffic Platoon that performs escort duties and conducts patrols to ensure that SAF personnel driving military vehicles comply with traffic regulations. It also has a Security Operations Detachment that works closely with the Singapore Police Force to arrest SAF personnel who have deserted or gone AWOL or committed other military offences. It has an Escort and Processing Office Platoon in charge of registering and detaining suspects in holding cells at Mowbray Camp.

The MWDU is in charge of training sniffer dogs and guard dogs and carrying out operations involving these dogs.

Lastly, there is a Special Security and Protection (SSP) Platoon that provides close protection cover for key appointment holders in the SAF and Ministry of Defence (MINDEF).

Security Troopers
Security Troopers from the 8th Battalion, Singapore Infantry Regiment (8 SIR) provide security coverage at SAF camps, bases and military installations around Singapore, while Security Troopers from the 9th Battalion, Singapore Infantry Regiment (9 SIR) provide security coverage at key installations such as Changi Airport, Sembawang Wharves and Jurong Island. The SAF Military Police Command also provides security coverage at the Ministry of Defence (MINDEF) headquarters at Bukit Gombak.

SAF Detention Barracks
The SAF Military Police Command operates the SAF Detention Barracks, currently the only military prison in Singapore.

Special Investigation Branch (SIB)
The Special Investigation Branch (SIB) carries out criminal investigations in the SAF and MINDEF for military-related offences, including drug offences, white-collar crimes and cybercrimes.

Training
The Island Defence Training Institute (IDTI) conducts training for both active and reservist Military Police personnel and Security Troopers. The Security and Policing Leadership School (SPLS), one of four schools in IDTI, conducts a 13-week training course for Military Police specialist (non-commissioned officer) cadets.

Uniforms
SAF Military Police wear different uniforms for specific duties or occasions. Their Number 3 uniform consists of a olive drab uniform shirt, olive drab pants, a pair of combat boots, a white stable belt, a white lanyard with a whistle, and a white helmet with the letters "MP" in red, or a dark blue beret. They also wear the pixelised camouflage Number 4 uniform with a black leather brassard on the right arm bearing the letters "MP" in orange.

Security Troopers wear the Number 4 uniform with a brassard bearing the words "Security Trooper". They wear the Number 1 uniform at parades or ceremonial functions such as mounting a guard of honour.

The SAF Military Police has a cap badge design featuring the Coat of Arms of Singapore and laurels similar to those on the Singapore Armed Forces crest, and a ribbon design bearing the words "SAF Military Police" similar to that on the Singapore Police Force crest.

Equipment
The SAF Military Police use a variety of firearms for use in both active duty and ceremonial functions. They are also equipped with truncheons for self-defence, as well as handcuffs and cable ties to restrain suspects.

title: SAF Military Police Command


text: User talk:68.39.7.56

title: User talk:68.39.7.56


text:
Gekido

Gekido (released as Gekido: Urban Fighters in NA and PAL regions) is a beat 'em up video game for the PlayStation console, created by Italian studio NAPS Team. The game uses a fast-paced beat 'em up system and a 3D side scrolling gameplay, with many bosses and a colorful design in terms of graphics. The game features the music of Fatboy Slim and Apartment 26. Marvel comic book artist Joe Madureira also contributed. Versions of Gekido were also planned for the Game Boy Color and N-Gage but were never released. NAPS team released the prototype of the Game Boy Color game on February 13, 2017.

It was later followed by a GBA sequel called Gekido Advance: Kintaro's Revenge, which was re-released for the Nintendo Switch, PlayStation 4, Xbox One, and Microsoft Windows in 2018. A second sequel, entitled Gekido: The Dark Angel, was cancelled.

Story
In a time where there is great corruption and terror, a young girl named Angela has been kidnapped. Rumor has it that Kintaro has made a deal with the devil. Angela's parents hire Travis, a private detective, to investigate the crime boss Kintaro and retrieve Angela. Knowing that the mission to rescue Angela will not be easy, he is aided by three sidekicks, Michelle, Ushi, and Tetsuo.

Game modes and gameplay
In the game, you defeat enemies using combos and weapons. You also have a Rage Meter which builds up, allowing you to perform special attacks and gain abilities, and a Wipeout Meter which fills up, allowing you to perform a powerful attack.

 * Urban Fighters - The Story Mode the players are found in a 3D side-scrolling adventure. The gameplay derives from classics such as Streets of Rage and Double Dragon, in which you are given a certain amount of time to defeat enemies and proceed to the next level, except in a 3D environment.
 * Arena Battle - A two to four player versus fighting mode.

Unlockable modes

 * Shadow Fighter (Unlocked by beating Urban Fighters mode once) - Plays much like a standard fighting game. You fight enemies one or two at a time and you must defeat them in 2 out of 3 rounds.
 * Survivor (Unlocked by beating Urban Fighters mode twice) - Same as Shadow Fighter except that you only have one round within which to fight and can't lose.
 * Team Battle (Unlocked by beating Urban Fighters mode three times) - Same as Arena Battle except you can group players into teams.
 * Street Gang Battle (Unlocked by beating Urban Fighters mode with Kintaro, Angela, or Akujin) - A one-on-one fighting mode where players fight with the help of CPU allies.

Playable characters

 * Travis (Street Fighting)
 * Michelle (Military)
 * Ushi (Brute Force)
 * Tetsuo (Martial Arts)

Unlockable characters

 * Kobuchi - (Unlocked by beating Urban Fighters mode with Tetsuo and Ushi)
 * Gorilla - (Unlocked by beating Urban Fighters mode with Travis and Michelle)
 * Kintaro - (Beat Urban Fighters mode with Gorilla to unlock Kintaro in all modes except Urban Fighters mode. Beat Urban Fighters mode on the hard difficulty setting to unlock Kintaro in Urban Fighters mode)
 * Angela - (Beat Urban Fighters mode with Kobuchi to unlock Angela in all modes except Urban Fighters mode. Beat Urban Fighters mode on the hard difficulty setting to unlock Angela in Urban Fighters mode)
 * Akujin - (Unlocked by beating Urban Fighters mode on the hard difficulty setting)

Reception
The game received "average" reviews according to the review aggregation website GameRankings. Daniel Erickson of NextGen said, "It's hardly revolutionary, but Gekido's the best beat 'em up in a long time on the PlayStation, and [it] comes with a fun fighting mode to boot."

Gekido Advance: Kintaro's Revenge
A sequel to the game, Gekido Advance: Kintaro's Revenge, was released for the Game Boy Advance. On March 22, 2018, Gekido: Kintaro's Revenge was re-released for the Nintendo Switch, PlayStation 4, Xbox One, and Microsoft Windows.

Gekido: The Dark Angel
The developer, NAPS Team, announced that a second sequel was in development for the PlayStation Portable titled Gekido: The Dark Angel. A few screenshots and a trailer were released. The release date was projected to be December 2006. The teaser trailer for Gekido: The Dark Angel resembles anime-like characters and a character named Samuel with looks that seem to have been inspired by Dante from Capcom's Devil May Cry. The gameplay seems to take place in a stunning 3D world with vast environments. The interview provided by PSMania that can be found on IGN stated that the developer moved the environment in the game from Japan to Italy.

title: Gekido


text:
Talk:Bobbsey Twins

Removing unauthorized content
I've taken the liberty of removing the recently added "bibliography", as it was obviously borrowed in its entirety from here. Also, as the previous entry in this talk page says, please don't remove the cleanup tag until there is a consensus that the article is no longer in need of cleanup. Cactus Wren 04:24, 28 May 2007 (UTC)

Gender
Um, dumb question, but if it wasn't for the image, from the names, it wouldn't be clear to me if the twins were boys or girls. :) Psu256 (talk) 23:11, 20 June 2008 (UTC)
 * I've updated the article. Both sets of twins were fraternal boy-and-girl twins (to make sure that every child reader had a character to identify with, no doubt). - Jason A. Quest (talk) 02:40, 3 January 2009 (UTC)

Authorship
In 1966 I met Harriet Axelrod, who was a friend of my college roommate. She gave me a copy of the book she had written, #59 (The Bobbsey Twins and their Camel Adventure), which she autographed for me as Laura Lee Hope/Harriet Stratemeyer Adams/Nancy Axelrod. Since the authorship web site credits her with #68 as her first book, I conclude that its attributions should be taken with a grain of salt. C. Cerf (talk) 15:12, 11 June 2014 (UTC)

Wanderer Bobbsey Twins
The New Bobbsey Twins was actually the third series (at least I would consider it the third) because the second series was published under the Wanderer imprint that ran from around 1980-1896 and were numbered 1-14 after G&D lost the right to publish new books. Interesting that Bobbsey Twins started from #1 while Nancy Drew and Hardy Boys continued where they left off. I don't see any mention of these books; is there a reason for leaving this out of the article? — Preceding unsigned comment added by Markus60431 (talk • contribs) 14:24, 22 October 2014 (UTC)

External links modified
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Where?
The article fails to mention what country these books were published and popular in.

And I was genuinely curious to find out. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 118.209.162.209 (talk) 21:45, 30 January 2017 (UTC)

How long was it their longest-running series
A recent edit tried to claim that the Twins were the syndicate's longest-running series for three-quarters of a century. Now, that's how long the Twins ran, but it's not how long it was the syndicate's longest-running series, however we interpret it. If we're talking longest-running current series (and going off of this list as reference, they didn't become that until the Rover Boys ended in 1926, and stopped being that when their own series ended in 1979, giving them 53 years., If we mean their longest running series ever, since the Rover Boys lasted 27 years, the Twins did not meet that mark and take the title until 1931, and they lost that title when the Hardy Boys hit 75 in 2002, so 71 years. I am undoing the recent edit; I'm not in the mood to find the right phrasing to present either of these claims at the moment, but will undo the erroneous one. --Nat Gertler (talk) 23:42, 24 July 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Bobbsey Twins


text:
Cross of Sacrifice

The Cross of Sacrifice is a Commonwealth war memorial designed in 1918 by Sir Reginald Blomfield for the Imperial War Graves Commission (now the Commonwealth War Graves Commission). It is present in Commonwealth war cemeteries containing 40 or more graves. Its shape is an elongated Latin cross with proportions more typical of the Celtic cross, with the shaft and crossarm octagonal in section. It ranges in height from 18 to 24 ft. A bronze longsword, blade down, is affixed to the front of the cross (and sometimes to the back as well). It is usually mounted on an octagonal base. It may be freestanding or incorporated into other cemetery features. The Cross of Sacrifice is widely praised, widely imitated, and the archetypal British war memorial. It is the most imitated of Commonwealth war memorials, and duplicates and imitations have been used around the world.

The Imperial War Graves Commission
The First World War introduced killing on such a mass scale that few nations were prepared to cope with it. Millions of bodies were never recovered, or were recovered long after any identification could be made. Hundreds of thousands of bodies were buried on the battlefield where they lay. It was often impossible to dig trenches without unearthing remains, and artillery barrages often uncovered bodies and flung the disintegrating corpses into the air. Many bodies were buried in French municipal cemeteries, but these rapidly filled to capacity. Due to the costs and sheer number of remains involved, Australia, Canada, India, Newfoundland, New Zealand, South Africa, and the United Kingdom barred repatriation of remains.

Fabian Ware, a director of the Rio Tinto mining company, toured some battlefields in as part of a British Red Cross mission in the fall of 1914. Ware was greatly disturbed by status of British war graves, many of which were marked by deteriorating wooden crosses, haphazardly placed and with names and other identifying information written nearly illegibly in pencil. Ware petitioned the British government to establish an official agency to oversee the locating, recording, and marking of British war dead, and to acquire land for cemeteries. The Imperial War Office agreed, and created the Graves Registration Commission in March 1915. In May, the Graves Registration Commission ceased to operate an ambulance service for the British Red Cross, and in September was made an official arm of the military after being attached to the Royal Army Service Corps.

During its short existence, the Graves Registration Commission consolidated many British war dead cemeteries. Ware negotiated a treaty with the French government whereby the French would purchase space for British war cemeteries, and the British government assumed the cost of platting, creating, and maintaining the sites. Over the next few months, the Graves Registration Commission closed British war dead cemeteries with fewer than 50 bodies, disinterred the bodies, and reinterred them at the new burying grounds. The Graves Registration Commission became the Directorate of Graves Registration and Enquiries in February 1916.

As the war continued, there was a growing awareness in the British Army that a more permanent body needed be organized to care for British war graves after the war. In January 1916, the prime minister H. H. Asquith appointed a National Committee for the Care of Soldiers' Graves to take over this task. Edward, Prince of Wales agreed to serve as the committee's president. The committee's membership reflected all members of the British Commonwealth (with a special representative from India). Over the next year, members of the National Committee for the Care of Soldiers' Graves began to feel that their organization was inadequate to the task, and that a more formal organization, with a broader mandate, should be created. The idea was broached at the first Imperial War Conference in March 1917, and on 21 May 1917 the Imperial War Graves Commission (IWGC) was chartered. Lord Derby was named its chair, and the Prince of Wales its president.

Development of the war cemetery ideal
Prior to the First World War, the British (as well as continental European) tradition was to bury officers who died on the battlefield in individual graves and common soldiers in mass graves. The Great War changed this sentiment, as it was a total war, one in which nations engaged in the complete mobilization of all available resources, modes of production, and population in order to fight. Subsequently, as the war continued, there was a growing expectation among the people of the United Kingdom that foot soldiers as well as officers should not only be buried singly but commemorated. Many British families had already tried to visit the graves of loved ones, and could not locate them. Numerous letters appeared in newspapers decrying the problem, and Ware realized the British war effort was heading towards a public relations disaster. Ware, too, felt that the experience of war in the trenches was reducing socio-economic and class barriers. He firmly believed that British policy should be to treat all war dead alike, regardless of class or ability to pay. Wealthy families should not be able to repatriate their dead, inter remains privately in France, nor erect ornate memorials over their loved ones.

In July 1917, after consulting with architectural and artistic experts in London, Ware invited the architects Edwin Lutyens and Herbert Baker; Charles Aitken, director of the Tate Gallery; and the author Sir James Barrie to tour British battlefield cemeteries near the front in an attempt to formulate broad ideas for the post-war design of these burying grounds. The trip began on 9 July. The group met formally on 14 July after the trip ended. Ware, Lutyens, and Baker agreed that every cemetery ought to obey a general theme (although the theme was not yet established), that there should only be four variations on the theme (monumental, garden or woodland, village, and town cemeteries), that grave markers should be uniform headstones (not crosses), and that cemetery walls should be horizontal. Aitken insisted on cemeteries of simple design and low cost, feeling public money should be spent on practical items like schools and hospitals. Baker wanted a cross at each cemetery, but Lutyens wanted a more abstract symbol. Aitken supported Baker in thinking that a cross was more appropriate in the French countryside. At one point, Baker suggested a cross with a pentagonal shaft (one side for each self-governing dominion), and for Indian cemeteries a column topped by appropriate symbol (such as the dharmacakra or Star of India).

Ware, Lutyens, and Baker met for a second time to discuss cemetery planning at the IWGC headquarters in London on 21 September 1917. They were joined by Arthur William Hill, then the assistant director of Kew Gardens. Both Baker and Lutyens presented draft designs for various types of cemeteries, but no agreement was reached on any design principles. After Ware informed him about the lack of unanimity among his advisors, the Prince of Wales advised Ware to keep news of any disagreements out of public view.

Frustrated by the lack of agreement among and hardening positions adopted by Lutyens, Baker, and Aitken, Ware turned to Sir Frederic G. Kenyon, director of the British Museum and a highly respected ancient languages scholar. Kenyon not only had expertise in art and architecture, but he was imperturbable, systematic in his work methods, businesslike, and practical. He was also a lieutenant colonel in the British Army and had served in France, and he and Ware agreed to emphasize his military rank as a way of keeping disputes in check. Kenyon's appointment was one of the first actions taken by the IWGC at its inaugural meeting on 20 November 1917. Aitken was released that same month. Ware asked Kenyon to help break the deadlock as quickly as possible. Over the next two months, Kenyon twice visited battlefield cemeteries in France and Belgium and consulted with a wide range of religious groups and artists. Kenyon agreed that Commonwealth military cemeteries should be uniform in order to emphasize their military character and the role the collective has over the individual in the armed forces. But he went a step further, and argued that the cemeteries should also be maintained in perpetuity by the British government, something never before attempted for large numbers of military graves. With Lutyens arguing for a "value free" and pantheistic Stone of Remembrance and Baker pushing for an elaborate and almost Neoclassical approach, Kenyon advocated a compromise solution. His rationale was that some of the decisions made about the cemeteries would prove to be highly controversial, and something had to be done to win over public opinion. To do so, Kenyon pushed for a cross to be added to each site. Although costly (particularly in the smaller cemeteries), Kenyon argued that most families were Christian and expected a cross, most families saw the cross as a sign of the sacrifice their loved ones made in death, and the addition of the cross would mollify the politically influential Church of England.

Lutyens argued for an obelisk rather than a cross. When he lost that argument, he argued that the cross should have a shortened cross-arm and a lengthened shaft, in order to emphasize its verticality amidst the trees of the French countryside. That argument was also unpersuasive.

Kenyon's report, War Graves: How the Cemeteries Abroad will be Designed, was submitted to Ware in February 1918. The IWGC accepted them at its meeting on 18 February. With Baker and Lutyens, although good friends, at odds about how to design the cemeteries despite agreement on general themes, Kenyon recommended that only young architects, who served in the war, be hired as cemetery designers. A team of senior architects—which would include Lutyens, Baker, and one other—would oversee the designs. With minor additions, Kenyon's report was published in November 1918.

Appointment of Blomfield
After receiving the Kenyon report in February 1918, the following month Ware appointed Reginald Blomfield to be one of the senior architects overseeing the design of British war cemeteries. Blomfield was chosen on the recommendation of Kenyon. Blomfield was an expert in both British and French architecture, and had written extensively on garden planning. Blomfield was greatly experienced in serving on committees, commissions, and government advisory bodies, and Ware hoped that Blomfield would use his age, experience, and dominance in the field of architecture to help rein in Baker and Lutyens. Ware also hoped that Blomfield's amiable nature and firm hand would keep the disagreements between Baker and Lutyens from getting out of hand. Furthermore, Blomfield was a widely acknowledged expert in generating highly accurate cost estimates and in crafting excellent contracts. Blomfield was paid £400 per year in 1918, which was raised to £600 per year in 1919.

The same month he was appointed to the senior architects' committee, Blomfield accompanied Lutyens and Baker on a tour of French and Belgian battlefields.

Designing the Cross of Sacrifice
Kenyon, Baker, and Blomfield all submitted cross designs to the senior architects' committee. Kenyon submitted two draft designs, one for a Celtic cross and one for a medieval Christian cross (both typically found in old English cemeteries). Baker, who had advocated the cemetery theme of "crusade" since July 1917 and (according to Goebel, was "obsessed" with the idea), submitted the design of a stone Christian cross with a bronze longsword (called a Crusader's sword by Baker) on the front. His design, which he called the "Ypres cross", also included a bronze image of a naval sailing ship, emblematic of the Royal Navy's role in winning both the Crusades and the First World War.

Blomfield, on the other hand, took a different approach to the cross. He rejected Kenyon's design, arguing that "runic monuments or gothic crosses had nothing to do with the grim terrors of the trenches." Blomfield wanted a design that reflected the war, which had stripped away any notions about glory in combat and nobility in death on the battlefield. "What I wanted to do in designing this Cross was to make it as abstract and impersonal as I could, to free it from any association of any particular style, and, above all, to keep clear of any sentimentalism of the Gothic. This was a man's war far too terrible for any fripperies, and I hoped to get within range of the infinite in this symbol..." His design featured an elongated cross of abstract design, on the front of which was a bronze longsword, blade pointed downward. It was intended to be an overtly Christian symbol, in contrast to Lutyen's Stone of Remembrance (which was purposely stripped of any such associations). Blomfield drew the inspiration for the sword from a sword which hung in his home in Rye.

The senior architects' committee quickly endorsed the Blomfield design. The committee considered adding text to the base or steps of the cross, but rejected this idea.

In order to ensure that the architects' ideas for Commonwealth cemeteries worked well in the field, the IWGC decided to fund the construction of three experimental cemeteries Le Tréport, Forceville, and Louvencourt. The goal was to determine how expensive the cemeteries were likely to be. The model cemeteries were designed by Baker, Lutyens, and Blomfield, and began construction in May 1918. Due to problems with construction, none were complete until early 1920, six months later than planned. Each model cemetery had a chapel and shelter, but no Stone of Remembrance or Cross of Sacrifice. Nevertheless, even without these major additions, the cemeteries were too expensive.

The model cemeteries experiment changed the way the Stone of Remembrance was placed in cemeteries, and almost changed the design of the Cross of Sacrifice itself. To reduce costs, Blomfield offered to design a wide variety of crosses, many of which were less costly than the original design, but the committee of senior architects rejected his offer. What became apparent with the experimental cemeteries was that a full-size cross or stone was appropriate only for the largest cemeteries. Mid-size and smaller cemeteries needed smaller memorials. Blomfield quickly designed two smaller-sized crosses to accommodate this need, but Lutyens refused to allow anything but a full-sized War Stone (12 ft in length and 5 ft in height) to be used. Subsequently, and partly as a cost-saving measure, no Stone of Remembrance was erected in a cemetery with fewer than 400 graves. Budgetary issues also led the committee to agree that shelters should be forgone in any cemetery with fewer than 200 graves.

The model cemeteries experiment also helped the architects decide where to place the Cross of Sacrifice. As early as 1917, Lutyens and Kenyon had agreed that the War Stone should be in the east, but facing west. (All graves were supposed to face east, facing the enemy, although many of the earliest cemeteries had graves facing in other [sometimes in many different] directions.) The initial idea was to have the Cross of Sacrifice be in opposition to the War Stone. In practice, however, the placement of the Cross of Sacrifice varied widely.

The model cemeteries experiment also had one other effect, and that was to make Blomfield's design for the cross the only one ever used by the IWGC. The original intent of the senior architects had been to allow each junior architect to design his own cross for his own cemetery. But Blomfield's design proved so wildly popular that the decision was made to implement it as a standard feature in all cemeteries.

The formal adoption of Blomfield's Cross of Sacrifice, and the concepts regarding its placement, position, and use, were outlined by Kenyon in a report, A Memorandum on the Cross as Central Monument, submitted in January 1919 as an addendum to his November 1918 main report.

About the Cross of Sacrifice
According to Fabian Ware, the name "Cross of Sacrifice" arose spontaneously from an unknown source, and attached itself to the cross.

The Cross of Sacrifice is carved from white stone. This is usually Portland stone, but it is sometimes granite or any type of white limestone commonly found in France or Belgium. In Italy, Chiampo Perla limestone was used. The proportions of the cross, with short arms close to the top of the shaft are similar to some Celtic crosses, the crossarm being one-third the length of the shaft (as measured from the point where the shaft emerges from the base). The cross consists of three pieces: The shaft, from base to crossarm; the crossarm; and the upper shaft, above the crossarm. The crossarm is fastened to the lower and upper shaft by two bronze dowels. A joggle (a portion of the shaft which extends into the base, acting as a joint) about 6 in long extends into the base, where it is secured by another bronze dowel. The shaft and crossarm are both octagonal in shape, and the shaft tapers slightly as it rises to give the cross entasis. On the large version, there are three plain mouldings on the shaft near the base, often reduced to one in smaller sizes, and the three extremities of the cross finish at a plain moulding projecting sideways from the main element. The crossarms are sometimes irregular octagons in section, with four wide faces at front, back, top and bottom, and four shorter faces in between them.

A stylized bronze longsword, point down, is fastened to the front of the cross. The cross is designed so that a second bronze sword may be fastened to the rear as well. The sword is positioned so that the crossguard on the sword matches where the cross's shaft and crossarm meet.

The Cross of Sacrifice originally came in four heights: 14 ft, 18 ft, 20 ft, and 24 ft. Sizes up to 30 ft are now permitted; exceptionally so too larger versions. As of 2012, the largest stands as the 40 ft instance at the Halifax Memorial in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.

The shaft is fastened to an octagonal base. The size of the base varies, according to the height of the shaft, but the 24 ft high cross has a base 15 ft in diameter. This largest base weighs 2 ST. The base usually sits on three octagonal steps. This can vary, however, depending on the height of the cross, its placement in the cemetery, and whether it is part of some other cemetery element.

The position of the Cross of Sacrifice in Commonwealth war cemeteries varies depending on a wide range of factors. Many cemeteries were laid out haphazardly during the war. The role of the junior designing architect was to determine the position of the Cross (and Stone of Remembrance) in relationship to the graves. Most cemeteries had two axes—a main axis and an entrance axis, or a main/entrance axis and a lateral axis. An overriding guiding principle was that the War Stone should be the focus of the cemetery. The Cross of Sacrifice, however, usually functioned as the primary orienting feature of the cemetery for visitors, due to its height. In hilly areas, the architect had to ensure that the cross was visible from the road or path. (This was far less important in flat areas, obviously.) When a road passed directly by the cemetery, the cross usually was placed near the road and the entrance to the cemetery associated with the cross. These design considerations meant that the Cross of Sacrifice could be placed in a wide variety of places. Sometimes it was situated next to the War Stone, and sometimes in opposition to it. In some cases, the Cross of Sacrifice was placed in a distant corner of the cemetery, so that its relationship to the Stone of Remembrance was not clear.

It was not necessary for the Cross of Sacrifice to stand alone, either. In some cases, it was incorporated into a wall or benches. The placement of the Cross of Sacrifice affected other elements of the cemetery. The architect's choice of buildings to erect—double shelters, galleries, gateways, pergolas, sheltered alcoves, or single shelters—depended on the location of the War Stone, the Cross of Sacrifice, and the size of the cemetery.

A Cross of Sacrifice was erected in almost every Commonwealth war cemetery. Subsequent Commonwealth War Graves Commission policy has erected the cross Commonwealth war cemeteries with 40 or more graves. There were only a handful of exceptions. No cross was erected in cemeteries which held a majority of Chinese or Indian graves. In Turkey, no cross was erected in order to accommodate local Muslim feelings. Instead, a simple Latin cross was carved into a stone slab, which was placed at the rear of the cemetery. In Macedonia, a cairn was used in place of a cross to reflect the local custom. In the several Commonwealth cemeteries in the mountains of Italy, Blomfield's design was replaced with a Latin cross made of rough square blocks of red or white stone.

It is unclear how much it cost to manufacture a Cross of Sacrifice. Generally speaking, however, the cost of building a cemetery was borne by each Commonwealth nation in proportion to number of their war dead in that cemetery.

While generally considered a beautiful design, the Cross of Sacrifice is not a robust one. The artwork is susceptible to toppling in high wind, as the shaft is held upright only by a 6 in long piece of stone and a single bronze dowel. Should the stone joggle or dowel break, the shaft topples. This problem quickly became apparent in Europe, where a large number of the crosses fell in high winds in the 1920s and 1930s. At one point, the Imperial War Graves Commission considered suing Blomfield for under-designing the artwork, but no lawsuit was ever filed.

Vandalism has also been a problem. Crosses of Sacrifice have been smashed or the bronze swords stolen, with the vandalism being particularly bad in the 1970s.

Assessment
The Cross of Sacrifice is considered one of the great pieces of war-related art. Its enduring popularity, historian Allen Frantzen says, is because it is both simple and expressive, its abstraction reflecting the modernity people valued after the war. Fabian Ware argued that its greatness was because its symbolism is so purposefully vague: To some, it is a Christian cross; to others, the stone is irrelevant and the sword itself is the cross; and to others, the artwork symbolizes those who sacrificed their lives to the sword. The theme of sacrifice is commonly seen in the piece. Jeroen Geurst points out that Lutyens's War Stone unsettlingly brings to mind images of soldiers sacrificed on the altar of war, while Blomfield's cross speaks about self-sacrifice and the saving grace of Jesus Christ's sacrifice.

The sword has drawn praise as well. Frantzen notes that the inverted sword is a common chivalrous emblem which can be seen as both an offensive and a defensive weapon, symbolizing might wielded in defence of the values of the cross; it here embodies "the ideals of simplicity and expressive functionalism". Historian Mark Sheftall agrees that the sword evokes chivalric themes, and argues that by combining the religious and the chivalric with the classical Blomfield created "a single powerful image". But the military element has also been criticized. Geurst argues that one may interpret the sword as implying that the Great War was a religious crusade—which it most certainly was not.

The impact of the Cross of Sacrifice on war memorialization is difficult to overestimate. The IWGC considered the artwork a "mark of the symbolism of the present crusade". Cemetery historian Ken Worpole argues that the Cross of Sacrifice "became one of the most resonant and distinctive artefacts in British and Commonwealth war cemeteries, following the end of World War One." First World War historian Bruce Scates observes that its symbolism was effective throughout the Commonwealth, despite widely disparate cultural and religious norms. Historians agree it is the most widely imitated of Commonwealth war memorials, and Sheftall concludes that it has become the archetypal example of Great War commemoration in Britain.

Artistically, the Cross of Sacrifice has been called "[t]raditional but austere, even stark". Rudyard Kipling, literary advisor to the IWGC, described it as a "stark sword brooding on the bosom of the Cross". This wording appeared in Kipling's poem "The King's Pilgrimage".

Notable installations
By 1937, more than 1,000 of Blomfield's crosses had been erected in France and Belgium. During and after the Second World War, more than 12,000 new war grave sites were created in the United Kingdom. Of these, however, only 416 received a Cross of Sacrifice. Two crosses were erected at Brookwood Military Cemetery in London, due to its unique layout. The first Cross of Sacrifice to be erected after the Second World War was in the cemetery at Great Bircham, Norfolk, in the United Kingdom by George VI in July 1946. The first post-WWII cross erected over a war graves cemetery was at Chouain in the summer of 1948.

United Kingdom
One of the first examples to be erected was in St Mary's churchyard in Blomfield's home town of Rye, East Sussex. The construction of the cross is understood to have been supervised by Blomfield himself free of charge and it was unveiled on 19 October 1919.

Duplicates of the Cross of Sacrifice were erected in many places in the United Kingdom, including: Glanadda Cemetery, Bangor, North Wales; Cathays Cemetery, Cardiff, Wales; Peel Green Cemetery, Salford, Greater Manchester; Leigh Cemetery, Wigan, Greater Manchester; Hale Cemetery, Altrincham Greater Manchester; St Lawrence Cemetery, Stratford-sub-Castle, Wiltshire; Eastwood New Cemetery, East Renfrewshire; Rutherglen Cemetery, South Lanarkshire; Cardonald Cemetery, Glasgow; Cathcart Cemetery, Glasgow; Craigton Cemetery, Glasgow; Eastern Necropolis, Glasgow; Western Necropolis, Glasgow; Sandymount Cemetery, Glasgow; Rosebank Cemetery, Edinburgh, Scotland; Cannock Chase Cemetery, Huntingdon, Cambridgeshire; Milltown Cemetery, Belfast, Northern Ireland; and Lerwick Cemetery, Shetland.

Some of the memorials are Grade II listed, such as the cross at St. Johns Cemetery, Margate, Kent. Most of the memorials have the following inscription on the base: "THIS CROSS OF SACRIFICE IS ONE IN DESIGN AND INTENTION WITH THOSE WHICH HAVE BEEN SET UP IN FRANCE AND BELGIUM AND OTHER PLACES THROUGHOUT THE WORLD WHERE OUR DEAD OF THE GREAT WAR ARE LAID TO REST THEIR NAME LIVETH FOR EVERMORE"

United States
There is a Cross of Sacrifice at Arlington National Cemetery, Arlington County, Virginia. It was proposed in 1925 by Canadian Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King to honour the Americans who joined the Canadian armed forces fighting in Europe. On 12 June 1925, President Calvin Coolidge approved the request, and the monument dedicated on Armistice Day 1927. Attending the ceremony was a guard of honour of more than 200 Canadian soldiers, comprising contingents from The Royal Canadian Regiment, the Royal 22nd Regiment, the pipe band of the 48th Highlanders of Canada and trumpeters from the Royal Canadian Horse Artillery and The Royal Canadian Dragoons. The United States Army was represented by a guard from the 12th Infantry Regiment and buglers from the 3rd Cavalry Regiment. President Coolidge was in attendance and an address was given by Dwight F. Davis, the Secretary of War.

The inscription on the 24 ft high gray granite cross is to "Citizens of the United States who served in the Canadian Army and gave their lives in the Great War". After the Second World War and the Korean War, similar inscriptions on other faces of the monument were dedicated to the Americans who served in those conflicts.

A Cross of Sacrifice stands in Oakwood Cemetery in Montgomery, Alabama and is the largest Commonwealth War Grave site in the United States. 78 members of the RAF are buried here, the majority having died from training accidents during World War II. In early 1941, the United States Army Air Forces agreed to train British and Commonwealth pilots at the Southeast Air Corps Training Center headquartered at Maxwell Air Force Base.

Elsewhere
A Cross of Sacrifice has been erected in a number of cemeteries and other places which are not Commonwealth war cemeteries. Some of the more notable examples include:
 * Adelaide, Australia – A Cross of Sacrifice was erected in the Cross of Sacrifice Memorial Gardens. It is dedicated "to the men who gave their lives in the Great War 1914–1920", and is a tribute from the women of South Australia. The gardens form part of the Peace Park which also incorporates the Prince Henry Gardens, Ester Lipman Gardens, and the Pioneer Women's Memorial Gardens.
 * Dublin, Ireland – A Cross of Sacrifice was unveiled in Glasnevin Cemetery in Dublin on 31 July 2014 to commemorate the thousands of Irish soldiers who died in the First and Second World Wars. The unveiling of the artwork, the first Cross of Sacrifice erected on Irish soil, was witnessed by President of Ireland Michael D. Higgins and Prince Edward, Duke of Kent. The project was a joint effort by the Glasnevin Trust and the Commonwealth War Graves Commission.
 * Gibraltar – The Gibraltar Cross of Sacrifice was erected in 1922. It was the focus of the territory's Remembrance Sunday ceremonies until 2009, when the event was moved to the Gibraltar War Memorial.

title: Cross of Sacrifice