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Escapist

Escapist may refer to:

 * Escapist, a person engaged in the act of escapism
 * Escapist fiction

Books

 * The Escapists, novel by Alexander Fullerton 1972

Comics and games

 * The Escapist (website), a role-playing-games advocacy website
 * The Escapist (magazine), an online magazine
 * The Escapist (character), a comic book character
 * The Escapists, a 2015 video game

Film and TV

 * The Escapist (1983 film), starring escape artist Bill Shirk
 * The Escapist (2002 film), directed by Gillies MacKinnon
 * The Escapist (2008 film), directed by Rupert Wyatt

Music

 * The Escapist (album) a 1996 album by Stephen Cummings
 * "The Escapist" (1998), an album by Phil Western
 * "The Escapist", hidden track on Coldplay's 2008 album Viva la Vida or Death and All His Friends
 * "The Escapist", a single from The Streets' 2008 album Everything Is Borrowed
 * "Escapist", a song by Nightwish on their album Dark Passion Play

title: Escapist


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Angelique Bouchard Collins

Angelique Bouchard is a fictional character from the gothic horror-soap opera and film Dark Shadows, in which she is the main antagonist. She is primarily portrayed as a powerful witch, who is driven by her vacillating love and hatred for Barnabas Collins.

In the original TV series, the character was portrayed by Lara Parker, and appeared within several storylines of the series which aired from June 1966 through April 1971. Angelique was originally introduced to explain how Barnabas Collins became a vampire, but she proved popular enough in her own right to make many return appearances. She is portrayed by English actress Lysette Anthony in the 1991 revival TV series, and French actress Eva Green in the 2012 feature film directed by Tim Burton.

Original history
Angélique was born as Miranda DuVal during the 17th century in the West Indies of Martinique. During her early teen years, Angélique travelled to America, where she became a faithful and loyal follower of a warlock named Judah Zachary. Judah took Angélique under his wing, and taught her the sacred arts of magic and witchcraft. One year later, both Angélique and Judah were captured and exposed as witches by the Catholic Church. Fearing her fate of death, Angélique betrayed Judah by testifying against him in exchange for her freedom.

Miranda was later reincarnated as Angélique Bouchard. She was raised by Theodore Bouchard, who she believed to be her father, before coming to work for the duPres family. As Countess Natalie duPres' servant, she followed her to Collinsport, Maine. However, after having a brief affair with Barnabas Collins, Angélique was heartbroken after Barnabas declared his love to another woman - Josette du Prés. After countless failed attempts to rekindling her romance with Barnabas, Angélique hexed a powerful spell to manipulate Josette’s love for Jeremiah Collins, Barnabas’ uncle. After Josette eloped with Jeremiah, Angelique coerced Barnabas into marrying her. However, after the discovery of her practices in witchcraft, Barnabas supposedly murdered Angélique. Before her "death", Angélique cursed Barnabas as a species of the undead and fell into a coma where she was presumed to die. Later, after her surprising survival, Angélique was devastated about what she did to Barnabas, and tried to reverse her spell. She is the first victim of her own curse, being in love with Barnabas. He strangles her in the secret room of the mausoleum. Her soul is claimed by The Dark Lord in exchange for letting Barnabas continue existing as a vampire through her curse rather than perish.

During the early spring of 1968, Angélique changed her name to Cassandra Blair, and became the second wife of Roger Collins. Roger introduced his new bride to his family. She received a lukewarm welcome and Barnabas (who immediately recognized his former estranged wife) never doubted her true identity. Later, throughout the first year of their marriage, the happily married couple grow further and further apart. As Roger begins to realize his mistake in marrying "Cassandra", Angélique has affairs with multiple men - most notably Tony Peterson - of whom Elizabeth Collins Stoddard finds in the middle of one such affair and threaten to tell Roger. However, before having the chance to expose "Cassandra", Angélique hexes Elizabeth with a spell that surrenders her into a deathlike state. Believing her to be dead, the Collins family unknowingly buries Elizabeth alive.

She is destroyed by the Ghost of Reverend Trask, but is brought back from the dead and cursed as a vampire by Nicolas Blair. She attacks Joe Haskell on orders from Nicolas, and turns him into her slave. Then when Nicolas tells her she can have Barnabas, she no longer wants Joe and quits summoning him. She then turns on Barnabas and she bites him several times and turns him into her slave.

Angelique traveled back to 1897 in order to further torment a time-traveling Barnabas. Initially a villain once more, she falls in love with Quentin Collins, and eventually becomes a firm ally in the enduring war against Andreas Petofi.

Angelique's next storyline comes when she is discovered retired from witchcraft in 1970. After her marriage to Skyler Rumson, Angelique desired to live a normal life by renouncing her powers. After her encounter with Julia Hoffman, she claimed not be interested in the Collins family any longer. However, after the rise of the Leviathans, Barnabas sought her assistance and begged her for help. Though hesitant to practice magic again, Angelique reluctantly agreed. After the discovery of her husband’s allegiance to the Leviathans, Angelique abandoned Sky and took refuge in Collinsport at The Old House.

A post-1795 Angelique is encountered in 1840 by Barnabas during his final TV storyline, where she has no knowledge of future events. Initially once more an antagonist, she eventually aids Barnabas against the threat of Judah Zachary and Lamar Trask, losing her powers in the process. Mortally wounded, she dies in Barnabas' arms, moments before he declares his love for her.

Powers and abilities

 * Conjuration: The act of calling, commanding, or summoning an object, person, or spirit already in existence.
 * Elemental Control: The act of controlling and manipulating the elements of air, earth, fire, water, and weather.
 * Mediumship: The act of calling, communicating, and invoking the spirits of the dead.
 * Necromancy: The act of controlling and manipulating the spirits of the dead.
 * Spell Casting: The act of changing and controlling events by magical influence.
 * Telekinesis: The act of controlling and manipulating the movements of objects and persons.
 * Voodoo: The act of controlling and manipulating another person through the use of dolls and wax figures.

Books
In 1998, Lara Parker made her writing debut with the novel Angelique's Descent, which focused on Angelique’s early years in Martinique and her love affair with Barnabas Collins.

In 2006, she released a sequel, The Salem Branch. She also wrote the introduction to the novel Dark Shadows: Dreams of the Dark (1999), written by Stephen Mark Rainey and Elizabeth Massie.

Lara released Wolf Moon Rising in 2013 and noted there would be a fourth book in the series that focuses on Victoria Winters coming back to Collinwood after her return to 1795.

2012 film
In the 2012 Dark Shadows film, Angelique (portrayed by French actress Eva Green) is an amazingly powerful and resilient witch, and a successful local businesswoman and community symbol. Her interest in Barnabas, after he is unwittingly released from her imprisonment, is again inflamed and she immediately seeks him out.

In a single brief childhood scene establishing Angelique's early interest in Barnabas, the young Angelique (played by Raffey Cassidy) is shown with her mother, a servant, departing from Liverpool for "the New World" along with the Collins family. The childhood scene establishes, more intensively than the television series did, Angelique's class-based resentment of the Collins clan's privileges, for she is cautioned by her mother that she must accept her place, servitude, in the social structure of the time and not even gaze freely upon her "betters", including Barnabas. It is later learned that Angelique had caused the fatal accident that claimed Barnabas' parents' lives.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Angelique Bouchard Collins


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The Breeze and I

"The Breeze and I" is a popular song.

The original music (instrumental only) entitled Andalucía, was written by the Cuban composer Ernesto Lecuona as part of his Suite Andalucía in 1928. Emilio de Torre added Spanish lyrics, and English lyrics were added in 1940 by Al Stillman.

The best-known version of the song is that by Jimmy Dorsey in 1940. The Jimmy Dorsey recording, with a vocal by Bob Eberly, was released by Decca Records as catalogue number 3150. The record first reached the Billboard magazine charts on July 20, 1940, and lasted nine weeks on the chart, peaking at #2.

Other notable recordings

 * Xavier Cugat – a No. 13 hit in 1940 (vocal by Dinah Shore).
 * Vic Damone – reached No. 21 in the Billboard charts in 1954.
 * Caterina Valente (1955) – The recording for Polydor was released in England as catalogue number BM 6002 and reached a peak position of #5 (Guinness British hit singles & albums 19). The record first reached the Billboard magazine charts on March 30, 1955 and lasted 14 weeks on the chart, peaking at #13. By a report from 1978, Valente's The Breeze and I has sold more than 1,000,000 times, making it her best-selling record.
 * Bing Crosby included the song in his albums Bing Crosby's Treasury - The Songs I Love (1965) and Bingo Viejo (1977). It was also included in a medley with "Malaguena" in his 1961 album El Señor Bing.
 * The Shadows - 'B' side of the 1963 single Foot Tapper (also, track 5 side 1 of their album Somethin' Else!!)
 * Kenny Burrell with the Brother Jack McDuff Quartet included it on their 1963 album Crash!

Film appearance

 * Cuban Pete (1946)

title: The Breeze and I


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title: User talk:69.222.14.242


text: Template:WikiProject Football

title: Template:WikiProject Football


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Escapist (character)

The Escapist is a superhero character created by Michael Chabon in the 2000 novel The Amazing Adventures of Kavalier & Clay. In the novel, the Escapist is a fictional character created by the comics writer protagonists. The character later featured in the metafictional work Michael Chabon Presents the Amazing Adventures of the Escapist and Brian K. Vaughan's comic The Escapists.

Chabon created the Escapist as an homage to the heroes of the Golden Age of Comic Books. The character's abilities as an escape artist are inspired by escape artist Harry Houdini as well as Robin Hood and Albert Schweitzer. Another inspiration was the early illusionist career of comic book artist Jim Steranko.

Kavalier & Clay
Introduced in Chabon's novel in 2000, the Escapist is said to be the creation of the book's protagonists, the cousins Joe Kavalier and Sam Clay, a pair of Jewish comic book creators in the 1930s and 1940s. The character's modus operandi is part of a recurring theme of escapism in the novel, representing the imaginative and positive effects of escapism in superhero comics as well as Kavalier and Clay's attempts to escape from the troubles of their past. Joe Kavalier has fled to America from Nazi-occupied Prague in Europe, leaving the rest of his family behind. Unable to help them, he starts fleeing from himself and everyone trying to get close to him. Sam Clay also wants to escape from himself – both his polio-stricken body and repressed homosexuality.

Within the story, the Escapist makes his first appearance in Amazing Midget Radio Comics #1, published by Empire Comics, a former novelty device company. He provides Kavalier and Clay with a measure of success and fame. However, having signed the rights to the character to the publisher, they make comparatively little from the massively successful character.

Comics adaptation
In 2004, Chabon teamed with Dark Horse Comics to create an actual comic book series of the Escapist. Named Michael Chabon Presents the Amazing Adventures of the Escapist, the comic chronicled the supposed decades-long publishing history of the character. The stories and text pieces were written with the concept that Kavalier and Clay were real people and that the Escapist had actually been a character from the Golden Age of Comics. As such, the stories in the anthology were frequently written and drawn in older or simpler styles, in homage to the comics of past eras.

In addition to the Escapist himself, the comic featured stories of other characters supposedly created by Kavalier and Clay, such as the heroine Luna Moth and villains such as the gun-wielding Mr. Machine Gun or The Saboteur.

The comic book won "Best Anthology" at the 2005 Eisner Awards. It is also notable for featuring the final story of The Spirit by the late Will Eisner, which appeared in issue #6 of The Escapist.

In 2006, writer Brian K. Vaughan took on a 6-part miniseries titled The Escapists, which follows a longtime fan's dreams of reviving the character in all new comic adventures. Partly mirroring the story of Kavalier and Clay, The Escapists focuses on Cleveland-born Jewish writer Max Roth, whose late father was an avid Escapist fan. Using his inheritance money to buy the rights to the character, Max teams with artist Case Weaver and letterer Denny Jones, the latter of whom dresses as the Escapist and stops a crime in an attempt to stir up publicity for their comic. Inevitably, things begin to spiral out of the trio's control.

Character history
The Escapist's true identity is Tom Mayflower. He is the crippled nephew of escape artist Max Mayflower (who performs under the stage name of Misterioso). When Max is fatally shot while performing onstage, he reveals that he isn't his real uncle, having rescued him from a cruel orphanage as a baby. He gives Tom a golden key and a costume, explaining that he was recruited long ago by a mysterious organization called the League of the Golden Key to fight tyranny and free the oppressed. With his dying breath, Max commissions Tom to carry on his work. As long as Tom is wearing the costume and the key, he finds that he is no longer lame of leg and can perform amazing feats of escapology. Tom uses his powers to fight crime under the guise of the Escapist, especially against the evil forces of the mysterious criminal network, the Iron Chain.

Like The Shadow, the Escapist is assisted in his quest by specially gifted agents, his sidekicks, who include the former circus strongman Big Al, exotic Asian beauty Miss Plum Blossom, and Omar, an East Indian mystic who possesses the power of hypnosis.

The Escapist is also sometimes aided by his benefactors, the League of the Golden Key, a secret society dedicated to freeing the oppressed and imprisoned. They are the source of the mystic key that grants the Escapist his powers, having granted it to Tom's uncle after freeing him from kidnappers when he was younger.

During World War II, the League makes the Escapist an emergency Champion of Freedom and grants him full access to the powers of the Golden Key. This temporarily grants the Escapist superhuman strength and agility, allowing him to openly combat the Axis forces (coinciding in the novel with Joe Kavalier's feeling of helplessness as the war continues to rage on, while he is unable to rescue his family from Nazi-occupied Europe). Following the war, the Escapist's abilities return to their original level.

In the comic-within-a-comic sequences of The Escapists, Tom's final fate is revealed, and a new Escapist takes up the mantle of the hero. Things are not quite as they appear, however.

In a story meant to embody and comment on the darker "grim and gritty" trend of modern comics, the original Escapist is said to have been killed in action, leaving a young locksmith as his successor. The new Escapist is aided by a new Luna Moth, who claims to be the original Escapist's daughter. She is soon revealed as a fraud however and betrays him to his enemies. When all seems lost, the dark and violent world fades, revealed as a dream of Tom Mayflower, still very much alive. This coincides in the "real world" with Max Roth losing the rights to the Escapist to a corporation that prefers to revert the series to its classic style.

title: Escapist (character)


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Michael Modest

Michael K. Cariglio (born July 19, 1971) is an American professional wrestler, better known by his stage name, Michael Modest (sometimes shortened to Mike Modest). Modest ran the promotion Pro Wrestling IRON with tag partner Donovan Morgan and Frank Murdoch until its closure in 2005. Modest has also wrestled in Japan for Pro Wrestling Noah, winning the GHC Junior Heavyweight Championship after defeating Yoshinobu Kanemaru. He has also wrestled in Canada, Mexico and Ireland. He is perhaps best known for his appearances in the wrestling documentary Beyond the Mat, the film Ready to Rumble, and the TV special Exposed! Pro Wrestling's Greatest Secrets (under a mask as "Private Pain").

Professional wrestling career
Modest began wrestling in 1991, and has worked for All Pro Wrestling, Universal Wrestling Association, and World Championship Wrestling (WCW), along with both AAA and Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL) in Mexico. Modest had try-out matches for both the World Wrestling Federation (WWF) and WCW, and eventually got signed to a WCW contract, although he was released after WWF bought WCW. After his release, he began working for Pro Wrestling Noah in Japan. In 2001, he also worked for Stampede Wrestling, and won the North American Heavyweight and Pacific Heavyweight titles. He was the last Pacific Heavyweight Champion.

Modest also operated the Pro Wrestling IRON school and promotion in the US, along with his tag team partner Donovan Morgan. He also briefly worked for Ring of Honor.

On March 18, 2005, Modest won the Mike Lockwood Memorial Tournament held by New Breed Wrestling Association, defeating Jamie Noble in the finals. On February 18, 2006, Modest wrestled in a six-man tag team match with Morgan and Ryan Drago, as "La Migra" on an episode of TNA Impact!. They lost to the Latin American Xchange.

In March 2006, Modest took part in a six-man tag team match with partners Frankie Kazarian and Scott D'Amore against Cibernético, Chessman, and Muerte Cibernética at a AAA taping in Querétaro.

In 2014, YouTube personality Brian Zane interviewed Modest, who described his involvement with the NBC TV special Exposed! Pro Wrestling's Greatest Secrets, where Modest described how the producers of the special orchestrated how they created the special. Modest testified that "they took bits and pieces" of what the producers thought would cause a reaction towards their ultimate goal of proving professional wrestling as fake.

Personal life
Modest is divorced and has two sons. Modest currently lives in Las Vegas and is working for the Las Vegas Wrestling promotion Future Stars of Wrestling, where he is also the head trainer.

Championships and accomplishments

 * All Pro Wrestling
 * APW Worldwide Internet Championship (1 time)
 * APW Tag Team Championship (2 times) – with Steve Rizzono (1) and Tony Jones (1)
 * APW Universal Heavyweight Championship (5 times)
 * APW Cup Tournament (1999)
 * Future Stars of Wrestling
 * FSW Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
 * Indie Wrestling Hall of Fame
 * Class of 2023
 * New Breed Wrestling Association
 * Mike Lockwood Memorial Tournament (2005)
 * North American Wrestling
 * NAW Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
 * Pennsylvania Championship Wrestling
 * PCW Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
 * Pro Wrestling Illustrated
 * Ranked No. 58 of the top 500 singles wrestlers of the PWI 500 in 2003
 * Pro Wrestling IRON
 * PWI Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Donovan Morgan
 * Pro Wrestling NOAH
 * GHC Junior Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
 * Stampede Wrestling
 * Stampede North American Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
 * Stampede Pacific Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
 * West Coast Wrestling Connection
 * WCWC Tag Team Championship (1 time) - with G.Q. Gallo

title: Michael Modest


text:
User talk:Wiki999999999999999999999999999999999999

Thanks for experimenting with Wikipedia. Your test worked, and has been reverted or removed. Please use the sandbox for any other tests you want to do. Take a look at the welcome page if you would like to learn more about contributing to our encyclopedia. Thanks. Lucky 6.9 18:46, 14 July 2005 (UTC)


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Narrative paradigm

Narrative paradigm is a communication theory conceptualized by 20th-century communication scholar Walter Fisher. The paradigm claims that all meaningful communication occurs via storytelling or reporting of events. Humans participate as storytellers and observers of narratives. This theory further claims that stories are more persuasive than arguments. Essentially the narrative paradigm helps us to explain how humans are able to understand complex information through narrative.

Background
The Narrative Paradigm is a theory that suggests that human beings are natural storytellers and that a good story is more convincing than a good argument. Walter Fisher developed this theory as a solution making cohesive arguments. Fisher conceptualized the paradigm as a way to combat issues in the public sphere. The problem was that human beings were unable to make cohesive traditional arguments. At the time, the rational world paradigm was the theory used to satisfy public controversies. He believed that stories have the power to include a beginning, middle, and end of an argument and that the rational world paradigm fails to be effective in sensemaking.

Fisher uses the term paradigm rather than theory, meaning a paradigm is broader than a theory. Fisher stated, "There is no genre, including technical communication, that is not an episode in the story of life." For this reason, Fisher thought narration to be the ultimate metaphor to encompass the human experience.

Fisher believed that humans are not rational and proposed that the narrative is the basis of communication. Fisher notes that reasoning is achieved through "all sorts of symbolic action." According to this viewpoint, people communicate by telling/observing a compelling story rather than by producing evidence or constructing a logical argument. The narrative paradigm is purportedly all-encompassing, allowing all communication to be looked at as a narrative even though it may not conform to the traditional literary requirements of a narrative. He states: Storytelling is one of the first language skills that children develop. It is universal across cultures and time.
 * Humans see the world as a set of stories. Each accepts stories that match his or her values and beliefs, understood as common sense.
 * Although people claim that their decisions are rational, incorporating history, culture, and perceptions about the other people involved, all of these are subjective and incompletely understood.
 * Narrative rationality requires stories to be probable, coherent and to exhibit fidelity.

Rational world paradigm
Walter Fisher conceptualized the Narrative Paradigm in direct contrast to the Rational World Paradigm. "Fisher's interest in narrative developed out of his conclusion that the dominant model for explaining human communication—the rational-world paradigm—was inadequate." Rational World Paradigm suggest that an argument is most persuasive when it is logical. This theory is based on the teachings of Plato and Aristotle.

According to Aristotle, some statements are superior to others by virtue of their relationship to true knowledge. This view claims that:
 * People are essentially thinking beings, basing their knowledge on evidence-based reasoning.
 * Rational argument reflects knowledge and understanding, and how the case is made. These qualities determine whether the argument is accepted, so long as the form matches the forum, which might be scientific, legal, philosophical, etc.
 * The world is a set of logical puzzles that can be solved through reason.

Narrative rationality
Narrative rationality requires coherence and fidelity, which contribute to judgments about reasons.

Coherence
Narrative coherence is the degree to which a story makes sense. Coherent stories are internally consistent, with sufficient detail, strong characters, and free of significant surprises. The ability to assess coherence is learned and improves with experience. Individuals assess a story's adherence by comparing it with similar stories. The ultimate test of narrative sense is whether the characters act reliably. If figures show continuity throughout their thoughts, motives, and actions, acceptance increases. However, characters behaving uncharacteristically destroy acceptance.

Fidelity
Narrative fidelity is the degree to which a story fits into the observer's experience with other accounts. How the experience of a story rings true with past stories they know to be true in their lives. Stories with fidelity may influence their beliefs and values.

Fisher set five criteria that affect a story's narrative fidelity. The first of the requirements are the values which are embedded in the story. The second of the elements is the connection between the story and the espoused value. The third of the criteria is the possible outcomes that would accrue to people adhering to the espoused values. The last two are firstly the consistency of the narrative's values with the observer's values and lastly the extent to which the story’s values represent the highest values possible in human experience.

Evaluation of reasoning systems
Fisher's narrative paradigm offers an alternative to Aristotelian analysis, which dominates the field of rhetorical thinking. Narratives do not require training or expertise to evaluate. Common sense assesses narrative coherence and fidelity. Busselle and Bilandzic distinguish narrative rationality from realism, writing "It is remarkable that the power of narrative is not diminished by readers’ or viewers’ knowledge that the story is invented. On the contrary, successful stories—those that engage us most—often are both fictional and unrealistic."

Alternatively, Foucault claimed that communications systems formed through the savoir and pouvoir (knowledge and power) of the hierarchies that control access to the discourses. Hence, criteria for assessing the reliability and completeness of evidence, and whether the pattern of reasoning is sound are not absolutes but defined over time by those in positions of authority. This is particularly significant when the process of thinking includes values and policy in addition to empirical data.

The narrative paradigm instead asserts that any individual can judge a story's merits as a basis for belief and action.

Narration affects every aspect of each individual's life in verbal and nonverbal bids for someone to believe or act in a certain way. Even when a message appears abstract—i.e., the language is literal and not figurative—it is narration. This is because it is embedded in the storyteller's ongoing story and it invites observers to assess its value for their own lives.

Narrative rationality and narrative emotion are complementary within a narrative theory. The former considers how effectively the story conveys its meaning, as well as its implications. The latter considers the emotional reactions of the story's observers. Narrative emotion is an emotion felt for the sake of someone, or something, else.

Applications
Narrative theory is an assessment framework within various fields of communication. Those who use narrative theory within their research refer to it as a general way of viewing communication. The narrative paradigm is generally considered an interpretative theory of communication. It is an especially useful theory for teaching qualitative research methods.

Fisher’s theory has been considered for domains ranging from organizational communication to family interaction, to racism, and to advertising. McNamara proposed that the narrative paradigm can be used with military storytelling to enhance the perception of the United States armed services. Stutts and Barker, of Virginia Commonwealth University, proposed that the Narrative Paradigm can be used to evaluate if a company's brand will be well received by consumers, by determining if the created narrative has coherence and fidelity. Other researchers proposed using the narrative paradigm to evaluate ethical standards in advertising. Roberts used the narrative paradigm as a way to better understand the use of narrative in folklore. Hobart proposed using narrative theory as a way to interpret urban legends and other kinds of hoaxes.

A study tested the effects of narrative suggestions on paranormal belief. Recall that Fisher's paradigm posits that a good story is more convincing than a good argument. This was put to the test by examining the combined effects of source credibility, narrative, and message modality based on Fisher's idea of narrative rationality. Participants were presented a fabricated news story about strange noises being heard in a nearby science lab. One set of the narratives included an explanation of natural causes for the noise. Another set were explained using a paranormal verbiage in the explanation. Additionally, the main character of the story was either presented as a child witness, a university student, or a scientist with the hypothesis that a possible disparagement in credibility could be a factor. This variation was subsequently utilized to determine if source credibility would affect the narrative suggestion. The study found that the belief in the paranormal narrative was positively correlated when narrative coherence and narrative fidelity (narrative rationality) were strong, regardless of message modality. It was also determined that source credibility had a statistically significant impact on the outcome of belief in the paranormal narrative.

Narrative paradigm is also applicable when assessing multinational working relationships. Global interactions between groups with different backgrounds have the tendency to hinder group progress and building relationships. Over the past two decades, scholars conceptualize diversity in the workplace using several different theories. As companies continue to diversify, businesses look for communication models to help manage the complex structure of human relationships. Narrative paradigm serves as a communication technique that shows companies how the application of a good story could provide benefits in the workforce. Storytelling is a cross-cultural solution that establishes credibility and trust in relationships between workers.

Narrative and politics
Smith in 1984 conducted one example of a study that used narrative theory more directly. Smith looked at the fidelity and coherence of narratives presented as Republican and Democratic Party platforms in the United States and found that despite apparent differences, each party was able to maintain integrity and fidelity by remaining consistent in both structure and overarching party values.

Narrative and health communication
A study claimed that narrative features could be strategically altered by health communicators to affect the reader's identification. It found that similarities between the reader and the narrative's protagonist, but not the narrator's point of view, has a direct impact on the narrative's persuasiveness.

Narrative and branding
Narrative processing can create or enhance connections between a brand and an audience. Companies and business use stories or brands that suggest a story to produce brand loyalty. Businesses invest heavily in creating a good story through advertising and public relations. In brand development, many marketers focus on defining a brand persona (typical user) before constructing a narrative for that brand. Character traits such as honesty, curiosity, flexibility and determination become embedded in the persona. Commitment to the associated behavioral implications can help the brand maintain consistency with its narrative.

Narrative and law
A growing number of legal scholars contend that narrative persuades in law. In one study, judges tended to prefer legal briefs taking a storytelling approach to those that do not. In response, legal scholars have applied narrative techniques to legal persuasion and even legal communication. Scholars in this area commonly refer to this application as "Applied Legal Storytelling." Legal storytelling in courtrooms requires a formalization of the narratives presented. This is achieved through the use of first- and third-party perspectives of a narrative to mitigate impartial reporting of the story.

Criticism
Critics of the narrative paradigm mainly contend that it is not as universally applicable as Fisher suggests. For example, Rowland asserted that it should be applied strictly to communication that fits classic narrative patterns to avoid undermining its credibility.

Other critiques include issues of conservative bias. Kirkwood stated that Fisher's logic of good reasons focuses only on prevailing issues but does not see all the ways that stories can promote social change. In some ways, both Kirkwood and Fisher agree that this observation is more of an extension to the theory than a critique.

Stroud considered "multivalent" narratives that include seemingly contradictory values or positions that force a reader to reconstruct their meaning, thereby enabling positive judgments of narrative fidelity and the adoption of new values.

Some forms of communication are not narrative in the way that Fisher maintains. Many science fiction and fantasy novels/movies challenge rather than conform to common values.

The narrative approach does not provide a more democratic structure compared to the one imposed by the rational world paradigm. Nor does it offer a complete alternative to that paradigm. The narrative paradigm gained attention from poststructuralist education theorists for appealing to notions of truth.

Rhetoric theory
The narrative paradigm incorporates both the pathos and logos form of rhetoric theory. Rhetoric theory was formulated by Aristotle. He defines rhetoric as: the available means of persuasion. It includes two assumptions. Firstly that effective public speakers must consider their audience. Secondly that effective public speakers supply proofs.

Aristotle divided public speaking into three parts: the speaker, the subject and the audience. He considered the audience the most important, determining the speech’s end and object. Therefore, audience analysis, which is the process of evaluating an audience and its background is essential.

In the second assumption, Aristotle’s proof refers to the means of persuasion. And these three proof types are Ethos, Pathos, and Logos.
 * Ethos: The perceived character, intelligence and goodwill of a speaker as they become revealed through his or her speech.
 * Logos: The logic proof that speakers employ.
 * Pathos: The emotions that are drawn out of listeners.

There are three modes of ethos

 * Phronesis: practical wisdom
 * Arete: moral character
 * Eunoia: goodwill

Situation models
When people experience a story, the comprehension phase is where they form a mental representation of the text. Such a mental image is called a situation model. Situation models are representations of the state of affairs described in a document rather than of the text itself. Much of the research suggests that observers behave as though they are in the story rather than outside of it. This supports Fisher’s model that narrative components backed by good reasons are related to elements in situation models.

Space
Situation models represent relevant aspects of the narrative's environment. Objects that are spatially close to observers are generally more relevant than more distant objects. The same holds for situation models. Observers are similarly slower to recognize words denoting objects distant from a protagonist than those close to the protagonist. When observers have extensive knowledge of the spatial layout of the story setting (e.g., a building), they update their representations according to the location and goals of the protagonist. They have the fastest mental access to the room that the protagonist is close to. For example, they can more readily say whether two objects are in the same room if the room mentioned is close to the protagonist. The interpretation of the meaning of a verb denoting the movement of people or objects in space, such as to approach, depends on their situation models. The interpretation of observers also depends on the size of the landmark and the speed of the figure. Observers behave as if they are actually present in the situation.

Goals and causation
In one study observers recognized goals yet to be accomplished by the protagonist more quickly than goals that had just been accomplished. When Keefe and McDaniel presented subjects with sentences such as "after standing through a 3-hour debate, the tired speaker walked over to his chair (and sat down)" and then with probe words (e.g., "sat"). Subjects took about the same amount of time to name sat when the clause about the speaker sitting down was omitted and when it was included. Moreover, naming times were significantly faster in both of these conditions than in a control condition, in which it was implied that the speaker remained standing.

title: Narrative paradigm


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Reduction potential

Redox potential (also known as oxidation / reduction potential, ORP, pe, $$E_{red}$$, or $$E_{h}$$) is a measure of the tendency of a chemical species to acquire electrons from or lose electrons to an electrode and thereby be reduced or oxidised respectively. Redox potential is expressed in volts (V). Each species has its own intrinsic redox potential; for example, the more positive the reduction potential (reduction potential is more often used due to general formalism in electrochemistry), the greater the species' affinity for electrons and tendency to be reduced.

Measurement and interpretation
In aqueous solutions, redox potential is a measure of the tendency of the solution to either gain or lose electrons in a reaction. A solution with a higher (more positive) reduction potential than some other molecule will have a tendency to gain electrons from this molecule (i.e. to be reduced by oxidizing this other molecule) and a solution with a lower (more negative) reduction potential will have a tendency to lose electrons to other substances (i.e. to be oxidized by reducing the other substance). Because the absolute potentials are next to impossible to accurately measure, reduction potentials are defined relative to a reference electrode. Reduction potentials of aqueous solutions are determined by measuring the potential difference between an inert sensing electrode in contact with the solution and a stable reference electrode connected to the solution by a salt bridge.

The sensing electrode acts as a platform for electron transfer to or from the reference half cell; it is typically made of platinum, although gold and graphite can be used as well. The reference half cell consists of a redox standard of known potential. The standard hydrogen electrode (SHE) is the reference from which all standard redox potentials are determined, and has been assigned an arbitrary half cell potential of 0.0 V. However, it is fragile and impractical for routine laboratory use. Therefore, other more stable reference electrodes such as silver chloride and saturated calomel (SCE) are commonly used because of their more reliable performance.

Although measurement of the redox potential in aqueous solutions is relatively straightforward, many factors limit its interpretation, such as effects of solution temperature and pH, irreversible reactions, slow electrode kinetics, non-equilibrium, presence of multiple redox couples, electrode poisoning, small exchange currents, and inert redox couples. Consequently, practical measurements seldom correlate with calculated values. Nevertheless, reduction potential measurement has proven useful as an analytical tool in monitoring changes in a system rather than determining their absolute value (e.g. process control and titrations).

Explanation
Similar to how the concentration of hydrogen ions determines the acidity or pH of an aqueous solution, the tendency of electron transfer between a chemical species and an electrode determines the redox potential of an electrode couple. Like pH, redox potential represents how easily electrons are transferred to or from species in solution. Redox potential characterises the ability under the specific condition of a chemical species to lose or gain electrons instead of the amount of electrons available for oxidation or reduction.

The notion of $pe$ is used with Pourbaix diagrams. $pe$ is a dimensionless number and can easily be related to EH by the following relationship:
 * $$pe = \frac{E_{H}}{V_T \lambda} = \frac{E_{H}}{0.05916} = 16.903 \, \text{×} \, E_{H}$$

where, $$V_T=\frac{RT}{F}$$ is the thermal voltage, with $R$, the gas constant ($8.314 J⋅K^{−1}⋅mol^{−1}$), $T$, the absolute temperature in Kelvin (298.15 K = 25 °C = 77 °F), $F$, the Faraday constant (96 485 coulomb/mol of ), and λ = ln(10) ≈ 2.3026.

In fact, $$pe = -\log[e^-]$$ is defined as the negative logarithm of the free electron concentration in solution, and is directly proportional to the redox potential. Sometimes $$pe$$ is used as a unit of reduction potential instead of $$E_h$$, for example, in environmental chemistry. If one normalizes $$pe$$ of hydrogen to zero, one obtains the relation $$pe = 16.9\ E_h$$ at room temperature. This notion is useful for understanding redox potential, although the transfer of electrons, rather than the absolute concentration of free electrons in thermal equilibrium, is how one usually thinks of redox potential. Theoretically, however, the two approaches are equivalent.

Conversely, one could define a potential corresponding to pH as a potential difference between a solute and pH neutral water, separated by porous membrane (that is permeable to hydrogen ions). Such potential differences actually do occur from differences in acidity on biological membranes. This potential (where pH neutral water is set to 0 V) is analogous with redox potential (where standardized hydrogen solution is set to 0 V), but instead of hydrogen ions, electrons are transferred across in the redox case. Both pH and redox potentials are properties of solutions, not of elements or chemical compounds themselves, and depend on concentrations, temperature etc.

The table below shows a few reduction potentials, which can be changed to oxidation potentials by reversing the sign. Reducers donate electrons to (or "reduce") oxidizing agents, which are said to "be reduced by" the reducer. The reducer is stronger when it has a more negative reduction potential and weaker when it has a more positive reduction potential. The more positive the reduction potential the greater the species' affinity for electrons and tendency to be reduced. The following table provides the reduction potentials of the indicated reducing agent at 25 °C. For example, among sodium (Na) metal, chromium (Cr) metal, cuprous (Cu+) ion and chloride (Cl−) ion, it is Na metal that is the strongest reducing agent while Cl− ion is the weakest; said differently, Na+ ion is the weakest oxidizing agent in this list while Cl2 molecule is the strongest.

Some elements and compounds can be both reducing or oxidizing agents. Hydrogen gas is a reducing agent when it reacts with non-metals and an oxidizing agent when it reacts with metals.

 * 2 Li (s) + H2 (g) -> 2 LiH (s)

Hydrogen (whose reduction potential is 0.0) acts as an oxidizing agent because it accepts an electron donation from the reducing agent lithium (whose reduction potential is -3.04), which causes Li to be oxidized and Hydrogen to be reduced.

 * H2 (g) + F2 (g) -> 2 HF (g)

Hydrogen acts as a reducing agent because it donates its electrons to fluorine, which allows fluorine to be reduced.

Standard reduction potential
The standard reduction potential $$E^{\ominus}_{red}$$ is measured under standard conditions: T = 298.15 K (25 °C, or 77 °F), a unity activity ($a = 1$) for each ion participating into the reaction, a partial pressure of 1 atm (1.013 bar) for each gas taking part into the reaction, and metals in their pure state. The standard reduction potential $$E^{\ominus}_{red}$$ is defined relative to the standard hydrogen electrode (SHE) used as reference electrode, which is arbitrarily given a potential of 0.00 V. However, because these can also be referred to as "redox potentials", the terms "reduction potentials" and "oxidation potentials" are preferred by the IUPAC. The two may be explicitly distinguished by the symbols $$E_{red}$$ and $$E_{ox}$$, with $$E_{ox} = -E_{red}$$.

Half cells
The relative reactivities of different half cells can be compared to predict the direction of electron flow. A higher $$E^{\ominus}_{red}$$ means there is a greater tendency for reduction to occur, while a lower one means there is a greater tendency for oxidation to occur.

Any system or environment that accepts electrons from a normal hydrogen electrode is a half cell that is defined as having a positive redox potential; any system donating electrons to the hydrogen electrode is defined as having a negative redox potential. $$E_{h}$$ is usually expressed in volts (V) or millivolts (mV). A high positive $$E_{h}$$ indicates an environment that favors oxidation reaction such as free oxygen. A low negative $$E_{h}$$ indicates a strong reducing environment, such as free metals.

Sometimes when electrolysis is carried out in an aqueous solution, water, rather than the solute, is oxidized or reduced. For example, if an aqueous solution of NaCl is electrolyzed, water may be reduced at the cathode to produce H2(g) and OH− ions, instead of Na+ being reduced to Na(s), as occurs in the absence of water. It is the reduction potential of each species present that will determine which species will be oxidized or reduced.

Absolute reduction potentials can be determined if one knows the actual potential between electrode and electrolyte for any one reaction. Surface polarization interferes with measurements, but various sources give an estimated potential for the standard hydrogen electrode of 4.4 V to 4.6 V (the electrolyte being positive).

Half-cell equations can be combined if the one corresponding to oxidation is reversed so that each electron given by the reductant is accepted by the oxidant. In this way, the global combined equation no longer contains electrons.

Nernst equation
The $$E_h$$ and pH of a solution are related by the Nernst equation as commonly represented by a Pourbaix diagram ($E_h$ – pH plot). For a half cell equation, conventionally written as a reduction reaction (i.e., electrons accepted by an oxidant on the left side):

The half-cell standard reduction potential $$E^{\ominus}_\text{red}$$ is given by

 * $$E^{\ominus}_\text{red} (\text{volts}) = -\frac{\Delta G^\ominus}{zF}$$

where $$\Delta G^\ominus$$ is the standard Gibbs free energy change, $z$ is the number of electrons involved, and $F$ is Faraday's constant. The Nernst equation relates pH and $$E_h$$:

 * $$E_h = E_\text{red} = E^{\ominus}_\text{red} - \frac{0.05916}{z} \log\left(\frac{\{C\}^c\{D\}^d}{\{A\}^a\{B\}^b}\right) - \frac{0.05916\,h}{z} \text{pH}$$

where curly brackets indicate activities, and exponents are shown in the conventional manner. This equation is the equation of a straight line for $$E_h$$ as a function of pH with a slope of $$-0.05916\,\left(\frac{h}{z}\right)$$ volt (pH has no units).

This equation predicts lower $$E_h$$ at higher pH values. This is observed for the reduction of O2 into H2O, or OH−, and for reduction of H+ into H2:

 * O2 + 4 H+ + 4 e- <-> 2 H2O
 * O2 + 2 H2O + 4 e- <-> 4 OH-
 * 2 H+ + 2 e- <-> H2

In most (if not all) of the reduction reactions involving oxyanions with a central redox-active atom, oxide anions being in excess are freed-up when the central atom is reduced. The acid-base neutralization of each oxide ion consumes 2 or one  molecule as follows:

 * + 2 ⇌

 * + ⇌ 2

This is why protons are always engaged as reagent on the left side of the reduction reactions as can be generally observed in the table of standard reduction potential (data page).

If, in very rare instances of reduction reactions, the H+ were the products formed by a reduction reaction and thus appearing on the right side of the equation, the slope of the line would be inverse and thus positive (higher $$E_h$$ at higher pH).

An example of that would be the reductive dissolution of magnetite (Fe3O4 ≈ Fe2O3·FeO with 2 and 1 ) to form 3 HFeO$− 2 (aq)$ (in which dissolved iron, Fe(II), is divalent and much more soluble than Fe(III)), while releasing one :

where:

Note that the slope 0.0296 of the line is −1/2 of the −0.05916 value above, since $+ 2 + 2 $\rightleftharpoons$ 3  +$. Note also that the value –0.0885 corresponds to –0.05916 × 3/2.

Biochemistry
Many enzymatic reactions are oxidation–reduction reactions, in which one compound is oxidized and another compound is reduced. The ability of an organism to carry out oxidation–reduction reactions depends on the oxidation–reduction state of the environment, or its reduction potential ($$E_h$$).

Strictly aerobic microorganisms are generally active at positive $$E_h$$ values, whereas strict anaerobes are generally active at negative $$E_h$$ values. Redox affects the solubility of nutrients, especially metal ions.

There are organisms that can adjust their metabolism to their environment, such as facultative anaerobes. Facultative anaerobes can be active at positive Eh values, and at negative Eh values in the presence of oxygen-bearing inorganic compounds, such as nitrates and sulfates.

In biochemistry, apparent standard reduction potentials, or formal potentials, ($$E^{\ominus '}_{red}$$, noted with a prime ' mark in superscript) calculated at pH 7 closer to the pH of biological and intra-cellular fluids are used to more easily assess if a given biochemical redox reaction is possible. They must not be confused with the common standard reduction potentials ($E^{\ominus}_{red}$) determined under standard conditions with the concentration of each dissolved species being taken as 1 M, and thus [] = 1 M and pH = 0.

Environmental chemistry
In the field of environmental chemistry, the reduction potential is used to determine if oxidizing or reducing conditions are prevalent in water or soil, and to predict the states of different chemical species in the water, such as dissolved metals. pe values in water range from -12 to 25; the levels where the water itself becomes reduced or oxidized, respectively.

The reduction potentials in natural systems often lie comparatively near one of the boundaries of the stability region of water. Aerated surface water, rivers, lakes, oceans, rainwater and acid mine water, usually have oxidizing conditions (positive potentials). In places with limitations in air supply, such as submerged soils, swamps and marine sediments, reducing conditions (negative potentials) are the norm. Intermediate values are rare and usually a temporary condition found in systems moving to higher or lower pe values.

In environmental situations, it is common to have complex non-equilibrium conditions between a large number of species, meaning that it is often not possible to make accurate and precise measurements of the reduction potential. However, it is usually possible to obtain an approximate value and define the conditions as being in the oxidizing or reducing regime.

In the soil there are two main redox constituents: 1) anorganic redox systems (mainly ox/red compounds of Fe and Mn) and measurement in water extracts; 2) natural soil samples with all microbial and root components and measurement by direct method.

Water quality
The oxido-reduction potential (ORP) can be used for the systems monitoring water quality with the advantage of a single-value measure for the disinfection potential, showing the effective activity of the disinfectant rather than the applied dose. For example, E. coli, Salmonella, Listeria and other pathogens have survival times of less than 30 seconds when the ORP is above 665 mV, compared to more than 300 seconds when ORP is below 485 mV.

A study was conducted comparing traditional parts per million (ppm) chlorination reading and ORP in Hennepin County, Minnesota. The results of this study presents arguments in favor of the inclusion of ORP above 650 mV in the local health regulation codes.

Geochemistry and mineralogy
Eh–pH (Pourbaix) diagrams are commonly used in mining and geology for assessment of the stability fields of minerals and dissolved species. Under the conditions where a mineral (solid) phase is predicted to be the most stable form of an element, these diagrams show that mineral. As the predicted results are all from thermodynamic (at equilibrium state) evaluations, these diagrams should be used with caution. Although the formation of a mineral or its dissolution may be predicted to occur under a set of conditions, the process may practically be negligible because its rate is too slow. Consequently, kinetic evaluations at the same time are necessary. Nevertheless, the equilibrium conditions can be used to evaluate the direction of spontaneous changes and the magnitude of the driving force behind them.

title: Reduction potential


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Template talk:WikiProject Football

Template-protected edit request on 2 July 2019
Please delete everything after the "=" in this line |TF_4_PORTAL        = Soccer in the United States Portal:Soccer in the United States has been deleted. Mark Schierbecker (talk) 08:21, 2 July 2019 (UTC)
 * Pictogram voting wait.svg Already done by with . -- Red rose64 🌹 (talk) 18:18, 2 July 2019 (UTC)

Nested
This WikiProject banner does not have the "nested" feature, which can be useful when the banner is enclosed in. To rectify this omission, I've the relevant code to the sandbox, and its effects may be viewed at Template:WikiProject Football/testcases. Should this enhancement be put live? -- Red rose64 🌹 (talk) 14:43, 13 May 2020 (UTC)
 * Seven weeks on, now ✅. -- Red rose64 🌹 (talk) 23:20, 2 July 2020 (UTC)
 * I do not recall this template could not be nested before. How did it look like? --Mango från yttre rymden (talk) 14:54, 7 October 2020 (UTC)
 * Oh, it could be nested; but if it was both nested and collapsed, the taskforce names (e.g. "/ African / Argentine / Australian / Brazilian" etc., see Template:WikiProject Football/testcases) didn't show. -- Red rose64 🌹 (talk) 20:12, 7 October 2020 (UTC)

Template-protected edit request on 13 August 2020
Due support and request comin' in a couple of Wikipedians decided to extend Greek task force we wanna extend this for Greece too. SHISHIR DUA 03:19, 13 August 2020 (UTC)
 * Red question icon with gradient background.svg Not done: it's not clear what changes you want to be made. Please make the specific changes in the sandbox and reference here the discussion establishing consensus for the change. ProcrastinatingReader (talk) 09:31, 13 August 2020 (UTC)
 * Check my sandbox code SHISHIR DUA 09:08, 21 August 2020 (UTC)
 * You guys must seek support and "permission" from WikiProject Football on their talkpage just like I did, see discussion below. --Mango från yttre rymden (talk) 14:54, 7 October 2020 (UTC)

Links to Finland and Norway task forces
I would like to see data for the Finland task force and Norway task force in line with the other task forces implemented in this template. --Mango från yttre rymden (talk) 22:42, 20 September 2020 (UTC)
 * Red information icon with gradient background.svg Not done: please make your requested changes to the template's sandbox first; see WP:TESTCASES. Also, please establish a consensus for this alteration before using the template. -- Red rose64 🌹 (talk) 23:10, 20 September 2020 (UTC)
 * I can not code. And I don't see why I should seek consensus over something that is well established and not really an alteration. Are we having linguistic issues? Did I phrase myself bad? English is not my first language. I'm just asking for code that gives an option to link to the Finland and Norway task forces respectively, just like there is for every other nations task force that exists. For example  gives the template text "This article is supported by the English football task force." with the corresponding flag. I'm sure it's trivial for the code versed. Perhaps someone else can look into this. --Mango från yttre rymden (talk) 03:35, 21 September 2020 (UTC)
 * Because is so widely used (it has no fewer than 374,282 transclusions as I write this), any major change does require consensus, we will not proceed upon the request of a single person. The place to seek consensus is WT:FOOTY. -- Red rose64 🌹 (talk) 09:37, 21 September 2020 (UTC)
 * I find it overly cautious for what is a copypasting of code with just a change of labelling, completing a widely used feature, giving the few task forces missing it the same opportunity as the others. Hardly a major change. But what do I know. What is the issue really? Is it technical? Afraid of braking something for just that, a little typo or mistake? Then do what you need to and take your time. Or is it of principle? That the requester must put in a similar amount of effort as the one(s) implementing the code? --Mango från yttre rymden (talk) 12:40, 21 September 2020 (UTC)
 * I would like to be shown that WikiProject Football, as a group, are in favour of the proposal. It's their project banner, after all. I don't need agreement of all 451 active project members, but I would like to see some evidence that they have been consulted and are not having something steamrollered through against their wishes. -- Red rose64 🌹 (talk) 14:20, 21 September 2020 (UTC)
 * Agreed. These task forces should not have been created without the consultation of WP:FOOTY, and I don't recall having seen any discussion on the project talk page. Given that there are some members already and there seems to be at least some initial buzz of activity, I imagine it will be approved, but in a way I feel that things would be better served by combining these with the Swedish football task force to create a Nordic football task force that would also encompass Denmark and Iceland. How does that sound? – PeeJay 18:09, 21 September 2020 (UTC)
 * I had no clue this was a controversial matter, hence my incomprehension of the aversion expressed. Suddenly this became a lot bigger and more complicated than I anticipated, more so than I was prepared to invest in. But I guess it's good the whole matter came up for discussion. I think that if the Nordic countries should have one single task force, so should United Kingdom. Nordic countries might be small population wise with limited involvement on Wikipedia, but they are still independent and different leagues with independent and different histories, not to mention the language barriers. Swedes, Danes and Norwegians can decently understand each other, but Finnish and Icelandic are very different. I'm positive to Nordic unification, but this is doing it backwards. But if UK people are okay getting together like that, then so am I. Then again, if the independent task forces all get their own code in this template with markings and links on all relevant articles' talk page, the task forces may very well attract more people. That's how I found out about this stuff. I'm not officially affiliated with the Sweden task force, but I regularly check it out and use its assessment tools. Having a slew of articles from a bunch of leagues that generally don't interest me lumped together would be problematic, and I believe most would feel that way. How about continuing this discussion on WP:FOOTY? --Mango från yttre rymden (talk) 19:50, 21 September 2020 (UTC)
 * By all means raise it there. My suggestion re: a Nordic football task force is just that, a suggestion, so don't take my words as an edict. I have just noticed that the Finnish task force has actually existed since 2012 and the Norwegian one since 2013, and neither has more than five participants. The fact that they have existed for so long is a decent argument that the code should be added to the template anyway, but by the same token, existing for eight years without anyone really noticing kind of supports my notion that maybe a Nordic football task force is the way to go. – PeeJay 06:49, 22 September 2020 (UTC)
 * You go ahead, I don't really have time to oversee it now. You seem much better suited for it, and I don't really have anything more to add. Feel free to copy my post(s) here for me. I understood your argument, and I gave my view on it. In conclusion I'm not sure a merging would be better, it might actually be counter-productive. I believe giving the task forces access to the assessment tools, having code and tags on this template and with that also be visible in articles' talk pages, would attract as much commitment as a merging, but then it's also filtered. One can still be engaged in several task forces. But I'm not explicitly against a merging. Perhaps others have a different view and would like to come closer together and commit to neighbouring leagues. --Mango från yttre rymden (talk) 22:42, 23 September 2020 (UTC)
 * I’m honestly not interested in starting the discussion either. Maybe I’ll do it tomorrow, but it’s not high on my list of priorities. – PeeJay 23:40, 23 September 2020 (UTC)

I have disabled the request pending the conclusion of the discussion — Martin (MSGJ · talk) 21:38, 21 September 2020 (UTC)
 * It turns out this has already been discussed a long time ago and pretty much settled for a support of implementing the parameters: Talk: Unsupported parameters in Template:WikiProject Football. Likewise can be said about the matter of a task force merging: Talk: The proposed formation of a Finland task force (with discussion on a Nordic). The current discussion has not been that fruitful, but runs along the same lines: Talk: Finland and Norway task forces lack assessment tools – suggestion to merge into a Nordic task force. So I would say there is consensual support for this template request. --Mango från yttre rymden (talk) 20:14, 30 September 2020 (UTC)
 * I posted a draft with Finland and Norway task forces code included in alphabetical order (history). It might speed things up. I also took the liberty to increase size of the Spanish flag to match the others and add "ireland" code with lowercase i. I hope that's okay and not controversial for some eluded reason. They seemed to be just overlooks, but if not, just ignore that. I've checked it for errors to my best effort, but since I'm not completely sure what everything does I don't give any guarantees. I also put them into /testcases. I don't know what else, if anything, needs to be done for the whole thing to work. Norway seems to have categories made before, but not Finland. Does the template create categories if they don't exist, or does that needs to be created manually first? In any case I believe I have done exactly what was asked of me. --Mango från yttre rymden (talk) 14:54, 7 October 2020 (UTC)
 * OK, there is discussion at WT:FOOTY; but I don't see consensus to add Finland and Norway as separate task forces. -- Red rose64 🌹 (talk) 20:18, 7 October 2020 (UTC)
 * If you read carefully enough you'll see that both PeeJay and Elisson support the task forces. And I'll repeat these things: *Here the Finland task force is approved Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Football/Archive 65 *Here it is decided that all existing task forces that lack code in this template should get code Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Football/Archive 103 --Mango från yttre rymden (talk) 23:58, 7 October 2020 (UTC)
 * To be clear, the current discussion was about whether to keep the task forces or merge them into a Nordic one, and they favoured keep. --Mango från yttre rymden (talk) 08:22, 8 October 2020 (UTC)
 * Exactly, although the discussion started off about incorporating them into the template, that's not how it proceeded. -- Red rose64 🌹 (talk) 20:20, 8 October 2020 (UTC)
 * I think you're being a little pernickety here. If the task forces have been approved by WP:FOOTY, which they have, there is tacit approval for them to be represented in the WP:FOOTY banner template. What would be the point in having the TFs if we couldn't tag the appropriate articles as belonging to the TF? – PeeJay 20:59, 8 October 2020 (UTC)
 * OK then, Yes check.svg Done -- Red rose64 🌹 (talk) 12:01, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

categories for the Finnish TF still need to be created. Since the TFs have been added to this template, I've closed this request.  P.I. Ellsworth   ed.  put'r there 22:51, 14 October 2020 (UTC)
 * Cool, thanks Paine Ellsworth. I'll leave the creation of those categories to User:Mango från yttre rymden since this was their request originally. – PeeJay 06:34, 15 October 2020 (UTC)

title: Template talk:WikiProject Football


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Talk:Dacian mythology

Comments
This list needs references for a number of these deities being actually attested among the Dacians (e.g., Bendis). Alexander 007 18:47, 14 July 2005 (UTC)

Note: just because I removed a deity from the list does not mean I am saying "the Daci and/or Getae did not worship this deity"---but I'd rather have references first. I'm trying to find a reference that Kotys for example has been attested among the Getae; I might remember a reference saying something to that effect. Alexander 007 21:37, 14 July 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Dacian mythology


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Wikipedia:Reference desk/Archives/Computing/Early/cleanup/double redirects/20050623-1

 * This project is sponsored by WikiProject help desk

This is a list of double redirects as of the Jun 23, 2005 database dump. Thank you for showing an interest in helping; please read this before continuing. To contribute follow one of the links below and sign your name in a section. Each page is split into 25 sections and each section has 20 redirects. If you run into any false positives you can simply ignore them. When you are done with a section, please remove it.

Tips on fixing double-redirects

 * From WikiProject Wiki Syntax

Further instructions are in each individual section. Thanks again for your consideration.
 * If the link goes to a redirect page with a blue link, which when clicked gives a page that says at the top "Redirected from (somepage)", then it is a double-redirect. A double redirect is when page A redirects to page B, which then redirects to page C. The Wikipedia only properly supports one level of redirects. To fix this, page A (the first redirect page) should be edited to point to page C (the final page), instead of another redirect (page B) - and then please delete it from the list.
 * Otherwise, if the link on the redirect page works correctly (i.e. shows the article, without saying "Redirected from (somepage)"), and is syntaxed correctly, then it has already been fixed - you can just ignore it.
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Overall 100% completed. Completed at 23:33, 19 July 2005 (UTC)!
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Participants

 * Feel free to sign your name here and leave a note if you worked on this project

 * 1) I am really impressed with how fast this project is getting completed; thanks and keep up the good work everyone! Triddle 22:37, July 18, 2005 (UTC)
 * 2) Triddle is my hero! :) And yes, lots of good, fast work on this one. --Woohookitty 03:43, 19 July 2005 (UTC)
 * 3) This is addictive and strangely fun. How do you avoid getting RSI? Agentsoo 03:58, 19 July 2005 (UTC)
 * RSI? --Woohookitty 04:29, 19 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Repetetive Strain Injury from doing the same serious of mouse and especially keyboard actions again and again. I find reaching for Ctrl+W (close tab in Firefox) particularly painful. Agentsoo 04:43, 19 July 2005 (UTC)
 * 1) Crikey, this is going quick :) the wub  "?/!"  10:36, 19 July 2005 (UTC)
 * 2) We'll be finished in no time. Excellent work, everybody. KeithD 11:40, 19 July 2005 (UTC)
 * 3) This is great for boosting my edit count fixing redirect problems. just kidding - great work triddle. Bluemoose 15:39, 19 July 2005 (UTC)
 * 4) This project is going very fast. Great work! Bart133 (t) 17:44, 19 July 2005 (UTC)
 * 5) I'm impressed! I think we're going to be finished with this round tonight.  How long until the database dumps again? --Anorris 23:15, July 19, 2005 (UTC)
 * 6) Congratulations! We're finished.  Nice job, everyone who helped out. --Anorris 23:35, July 19, 2005 (UTC)
 * 7) Wow that did go fast. Heh, my edit count jumped up by more than 700 since yesterday because of this! -- BMIComp (talk) 23:37, 19 July 2005 (UTC)
 * 8) Umm... I helped... a little... -- Alex Nisnevich (talk) 03:25, 1 August 2005 (UTC)


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User talk:Racing150mph

Thanks for experimenting with Wikipedia. Your test worked, and has been reverted or removed. Please use the sandbox for any other tests you want to do. Take a look at the welcome page if you would like to learn more about contributing to our encyclopedia. Thanks. Lucky 6.9 18:48, 14 July 2005 (UTC)

Please stop adding nonsense to Wikipedia. It is considered vandalism. If you were just trying to experiment, then use the sandbox instead. Thank you.

Please stop. If you continue to vandalize pages, you will be blocked from editing Wikipedia.

title: User talk:Racing150mph


text: User talk:Quadell

title: User talk:Quadell


text: User talk:81.132.56.68

title: User talk:81.132.56.68


text:
Electrospray

The name electrospray is used for an apparatus that employs electricity to disperse a liquid or for the fine aerosol resulting from this process. High voltage is applied to a liquid supplied through an emitter (usually a glass or metallic capillary). Ideally the liquid reaching the emitter tip forms a Taylor cone, which emits a liquid jet through its apex. Varicose waves on the surface of the jet lead to the formation of small and highly charged liquid droplets, which are radially dispersed due to Coulomb repulsion.

History
In the late 16th century William Gilbert set out to describe the behaviour of magnetic and electrostatic phenomena. He observed that, in the presence of a charged piece of amber, a drop of water deformed into a cone. This effect is clearly related to electrosprays, even though Gilbert did not record any observation related to liquid dispersion under the effect of the electric field.

In 1750 the French clergyman and physicist Jean-Antoine (Abbé) Nollet noted water flowing from a vessel would aerosolize if the vessel was electrified and placed near electrical ground.

In 1882, Lord Rayleigh theoretically estimated the maximum amount of charge a liquid droplet could carry; this is now known as the "Rayleigh limit". His prediction that a droplet reaching this limit would throw out fine jets of liquid was confirmed experimentally more than 100 years later.

In 1914, John Zeleny published work on the behaviour of fluid droplets at the end of glass capillaries. This report presents experimental evidence for several electrospray operating regimes (dripping, burst, pulsating, and cone-jet). A few years later, Zeleny captured the first time-lapse images of the dynamic liquid meniscus. Between 1964 and 1969 Sir Geoffrey Ingram Taylor produced the theoretical underpinning of electrospraying. Taylor modeled the shape of the cone formed by the fluid droplet under the effect of an electric field; this characteristic droplet shape is now known as the Taylor cone. He further worked with J. R. Melcher to develop the "leaky dielectric model" for conducting fluids.

The number of publications about electrospray started rising significantly around 1990 (as shown in the figure on the right) when John Fenn (2002 Nobel Prize in Chemistry) and others discovered electrospray ionization for mass spectrometry.

Mechanism
To simplify the discussion, the following paragraphs will address the case of a positive electrospray with the high voltage applied to a metallic emitter. A classical electrospray setup is considered, with the emitter situated at a distance $$d\,$$ from a grounded counter-electrode. The liquid being sprayed is characterized by its viscosity $$(\mu)\,$$, surface tension $$(\gamma)\,$$, conductivity $$(\kappa)\,$$, and relative permittivity $$(\epsilon_r)\,$$.

Effect of small electric fields on liquid menisci
Under the effect of surface tension, the liquid meniscus assumes a semi-spherical shape at the tip of the emitter. Application of the positive voltage $$V\,$$ will induce the electric field:
 * $$E={2V \over r \ln(4d/r)}$$

where $$r\,$$ is the liquid radius of curvature. This field leads to liquid polarization: the negative/positive charge carriers migrate toward/away from the electrode where the voltage is applied. At voltages below a certain threshold, the liquid quickly reaches a new equilibrium geometry with a smaller radius of curvature.

The Taylor cone
Voltages above the threshold draw the liquid into a cone. Sir Geoffrey Ingram Taylor described the theoretical shape of this cone based on the assumptions that (1) the surface of the cone is an equipotential surface and (2) the cone exists in a steady state equilibrium. To meet both of these criteria the electric field must have azimuthal symmetry and have $$R^{1/2}\,$$ dependence to balance the surface tension and produce the cone. The solution to this problem is:

 * $$V=V_0+AR^{1/2}P _{1/2} (\cos\theta _0)\,$$

where $$V=V_0\,$$ (equipotential surface) exists at a value of $$\theta _0$$ (regardless of R) producing an equipotential cone. The magic angle necessary for $$V=V_0\,$$ for all R is a zero of the Legendre polynomial of order 1/2, $$P _{1/2} (\cos\theta _0)\,$$. There is only one zero between 0 and $$\pi\,$$ at 130.7099°, which is the complement of the Taylor's now famous 49.3° angle.

Singularity development
The apex of the conical meniscus cannot become infinitely small. A singularity develops when the hydrodynamic relaxation time $$\tau_H={\mu r \over \gamma}$$ becomes larger than the charge relaxation time $$\tau_C={\epsilon_r\epsilon_0 \over \kappa}$$. The undefined symbols stand for characteristic length $$(r)\,$$ and vacuum permittivity $$(\epsilon_0)\,$$. Due to intrinsic varicose instability, the charged liquid jet ejected through the cone apex breaks into small charged droplets, which are radially dispersed by the space-charge.

Closing the electrical circuit
The charged liquid is ejected through the cone apex and captured on the counter electrode as charged droplets or positive ions. To balance the charge loss, the excess negative charge is neutralized electrochemically at the emitter. Imbalances between the amount of charge generated electrochemically and the amount of charge lost at the cone apex can lead to several electrospray operating regimes. For cone-jet electrosprays, the potential at the metal/liquid interface self-regulates to generate the same amount of charge as that lost through the cone apex.

Electrospray ionization
Electrospray became widely used as ionization source for mass spectrometry after the Fenn group successfully demonstrated its use as ion source for the analysis of large biomolecules.

Liquid metal ion source
A liquid metal ion source (LMIS) uses electrospray in conjunction with liquid metal to form ions. Ions are produced by field evaporation at tip of the Taylor cone. Ions from a LMIS are used in ion implantation and in focused ion beam instruments.

Electrospinning
Similarly to the standard electrospray, the application of high voltage to a polymer solution can result in the formation of a cone-jet geometry. If the jet turns into very fine fibers instead of breaking into small droplets, the process is known as electrospinning.

Colloid thrusters
Electrospray techniques are used as low thrust electric propulsion rocket engines to control satellites, since the fine-controllable particle ejection allows precise and effective thrust.

Deposition of particles for nanostructures
Electrospray may be used in nanotechnology, for example to deposit single particles on surfaces. This is done by spraying colloids on average containing only one particle per droplet. The solvent evaporates, leaving an aerosol stream of single particles of the desired type. The ionizing property of the process is not crucial for the application but may be used in electrostatic precipitation of the particles.

Deposition of ions as precursors for nanoparticles and nanostructures
Instead of depositing nanoparticles, nanoparticles and nano structures can also fabricated in situ by depositing metal ions to desired locations. Electrochemical reduction of ions to atoms and in situ assembly was believed to be the mechanism of nano structure formation.

Fabrication of drug carriers
Electrospray has garnered attention in the field of drug delivery, and it has been used to fabricate drug carriers including polymer microparticles used in immunotherapy as well as lipoplexes used for nucleic acid delivery. The sub-micrometer-sized drug particles created by electrospray possess increased dissolution rates, thus increased bioavailability due to the increased surface area. The side-effects of drugs can thus be reduced, as smaller dosage is enough for the same effect.

Air purifiers
Electrospray is used in some air purifiers. Particulate suspended in air can be charged by aerosol electrospray, manipulated by an electric field, and collected on a grounded electrode. This approach minimizes the production of ozone which is common to other types of air purifiers.

title: Electrospray


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Charles Seely (politician, born 1803)

Charles Seely (3 October 1803 – 21 October 1887) was a 19th-century industrialist and British Liberal Party politician, who served as a Member of Parliament (MP) for Lincoln from 1847 to 1848 and again from 1861 to 1885. He was one of the wealthiest industrialists of the Victorian era. He was an enthusiastic supporter of the Lincoln Mechanics' Institute.

Personal life
Seely was born and educated in Lincoln. His parents were Charles Seely (1768–1809) and Ann Wilkinson of Lincoln. He married Mary Hilton in 1831.

Hosting Garibaldi
In 1864, Seely was the Deputy Lieutenant for Lincolnshire, when he played host to the Italian revolutionary Giuseppe Garibaldi, when Garibaldi visited 26 Prince's Gate Hyde Park, his house in London and Seely's estate at Brook House on the Isle of Wight. Garibaldi stayed at Brook House from 3 to 11 April, during which time he was also joined by Giuseppe Mazzini, the Italian writer and politician whose efforts helped bring about the modern Italian state. During this time Garibaldi raised funds for his Italian campaigns. On 11 April Garibaldi left Brook House with Seely and travelled from Southampton to London, where he was greeted by crowds estimated at half a million people, according to the Illustrated London News. Garibaldi stayed several days at Seely's house in London where a reception was hosted for him on 19 April. The next day he travelled to the Guildhall where he was given the Freedom of the City of London.

Wealth
Seely made his fortune in the Industrial Revolution through milling, agricultural machinery and coal mining. On his death in 1887, "his personal estate was valued at almost £500,000, and real estate worth £2 million", equivalent to 322 million UK Pounds in 2018 or 2 billion UK pounds as a proportion of UK GDP. He was chairman of the House of Commons Committee on Admiralty Reform in 1868. In a Vanity Fair "Spy" cartoon of 1878, on notable people of the day, he was caricatured as "Pigs". He later diversified his fortune into acquiring coal mines and property: in 1883 he owned 9,264 acres on the Isle of Wight, 2,929 in Worcestershire and 394 in Bedfordshire. By 1900 the family estates in the Isle of Wight comprised almost the entire west side of the island.

In the 1870s he commissioned Myles Birket Foster to paint 50 watercolours of Venice.

Descendants
Five other members of his family became Members of Parliament during the 19th, 20th and 21st centuries:
 * His grandson, the Secretary of State for War (1912–1914), Major General John Edward Bernard Seely, 1st Baron Mottistone.
 * His eldest son Sir Charles Seely, 1st Baronet.
 * His grandson Sir Charles Seely, 2nd Baronet.
 * His great-grandson the Joint Under-Secretary of State for Air (1941–1945) Sir Hugh Seely 3rd Baronet, and 1st Baron Sherwood.
 * His great-great grandson Peter John Philip Seely, 5th Baron Mottistone (1949–2013) was a godson of Queen Elizabeth II's husband Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh.
 * His great-great-great-grandson Bob Seely was elected in 2017 as Member of Parliament for the Isle of Wight.

Additionally, his great-grandson David Peter Seely, 4th Baron Mottistone, who was baptised with Winston Churchill and the then Prince of Wales (subsequently Edward VIII) as his godparents, was the Deputy Lieutenant for Lincolnshire, Lord Lieutenant of the Isle of Wight and its last Governor. His youngest sister Jane Anne Seely married (1882) Henry George Gore-Browne who received the Victoria Cross during the Indian Mutiny in 1857. Henry was a great-great grandson of the 1st Earl of Altamont MP, whose heir is the Marquess of Sligo.

title: Charles Seely (politician, born 1803)


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User talk:Cyberguy34000

Image Tagging Image:Arben_Xhaferi.jpg
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Talk:Michael Modest

Needs expanding
This is alright for a start. I added his finisher to it. He deserves more than just a paragraph. Rawisrob 16:15, 2 January 2007 (UTC)

 * So, I can't find this move to link to, but the Reality Check wasn't a Vertebreaker/Kudo Driver/etc. It was an Air Raid Crash. 50.203.70.200 (talk) 22:04, 4 August 2017 (UTC)

WCW
There needs to be more info (or at least a mention) of his WCW stint near its closing.
 * ✅ ♥ Nici ♥ Vampire ♥ Heart ♥ 20:25, 3 October 2008 (UTC)

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Talk:Charles Seely (politician, born 1803)

Untitled
Before the copyvio was tagged, myself and User:Morwen had produced a cleaned-up version that shouldn't violate copyright. It's at Meelar (talk) 18:52, July 14, 2005 (UTC)

I am the wrote the original entry. The 2nd version at Charles Seely/Temp seems fine.

Has anyone fact-checked this article? It claims that this guy was the Father of the House of Commons for a period, but that article would seem to disagree. Ambi 15:29, 1 August 2005 (UTC)

I have.... and removed the reference, although the Official Isle of Wight Tourist website makes that claim:

http://www.islandbreaks.co.uk/media/facts_and_faqs/who_and_what.asp#residents

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Savoy Hotel attack

The Savoy Hotel attack was a terrorist attack by the Palestine Liberation Organization against the Savoy Hotel in Tel Aviv, Israel, on 5–6 March 1975.

Background
The operation was planned by Abu Jihad.

Initial Palestinian planning had called for an attack against the Israeli tourist city of Nahariya, yet the team was apparently unable to locate the city on the night of a previous attempt, two months earlier. The operation's objectives were then changed to the Manshiya Neighborhood Youth Club and the Tel Aviv Opera Building. The contingency plan in case the original targets could not be located was to select any nearby buildings that were populated as targets.

The attackers were told to take hostages, then demand the release of Palestinian prisoners, as well as air transport out of Israel to Damascus. If the negotiations failed, they were told to kill their hostages and commit suicide. In the event of capture, they were instructed to tell their interrogators that they had come from Egypt, in the hope that this would result in a breakdown of ongoing Israeli-Egyptian peace negotiations, and to direct Israeli retaliation away from Lebanon.

The attack
On the night of 6 March 1975, eight Palestinians in two boats landed on the Tel Aviv beach at the foot of Allenby Street. They had departed from the Lebanese port of Sarafenda, near Tyre on an Egyptian merchant vessel. When they were about 60 miles off Tel Aviv, the teams were lowered in a boat and proceeded towards the Tel Aviv shore. As they landed on the shore, they were spotted by police officers in a patrol vehicle that was passing by. The officers in the car opened fire at them, and one of the boats which was stocked with weapons was hit and exploded. The militants escaped the beach onto a street corner, leaving much of their weaponry behind in the boats. They then crossed onto Herbert Samuel Street, where they shot and threw grenades. Unable to locate their original targets, they tried but failed to break into a cinema. Afterwards, they continued down the street and took over the Savoy Hotel, at the corner of HaYarkon and Geula streets, near the center of the city. The Savoy Hotel was picked due to it being the only illuminated building on the street. During the takeover of the hotel, three people were killed. Three people managed to escape in the confusion, but most guests and staff were taken hostage and taken to the top floor of the building.

Private Moshe Deutschmann, a soldier from the Israeli army's Golani Brigade who was on home leave at the time, grabbed his weapon and ran to the hotel after hearing gunfire. Meanwhile, some militants attempted to leave the hotel. Deutschmann saw them at the entrance to the hotel and engaged them. In the exchange of fire, Deutschmann was hit. He managed to crawl away, and was later evacuated to Hadassah Medical Center, where he died of his injuries. Deutschmann was posthumously awarded the Medal of Distinguished Service.

Israeli security forces soon arrived on the scene, and the Palestinians barricaded themselves in the hotel with their hostages, detonated an explosive charge which caused part of the building to collapse, and threatened that if Israel did not release 20 Palestinian prisoners within four hours, the hostages would be executed. According to an eyewitness account:

"When I went into the street, I saw a nightmarish spectacle. Red tracer bullets streaked through the night air. The four-story Savoy Hotel, illuminated by floodlights, was surrounded by troops, local police and border police in full battle regalia. Military vehicles, armored cars and personnel carriers clogged the surrounding streets. Red Magen David ambulance crews were administering first aid to wounded civilians on the sidewalks and gutters. Looking out to sea, the blinding light of magnesium flares revealed naval patrol boats cruising just off the beach."

Israeli security forces conducted negotiations with the militants. One hostage, Kochava Levy, became a mediator between the security forces and militants, as she spoke Arabic. During the negotiations, Levy provided the security forces detailed information on the militants.

Early the next morning, the Israeli counter-terrorism unit Sayeret Matkal stormed the hotel, killing seven of the perpetrators and capturing the eighth. Two Sayeret Matkal soldiers, Colonel Uzi Yairi and Sergeant Itamar Ben-David, were also killed. Five hostages were freed, while five were killed.

A few hours after the rescue operation, the boat that had transported the militants was captured on the high seas by the Israeli Navy. After the boat was detected by a reconnaissance aircraft, the Sa'ar 3-class missile boat INS Ga'ash and the Sa'ar 2-class missile boat INS Miznak moved to intercept it. They captured the boat about 70 miles off the coast of Hadera, and its crew was arrested. Two of the crew, who were Egyptian, were released, while the others were tried and convicted. One was sentenced to life imprisonment, while three others were given prison terms of 5–10 years.

Assailants
Members of the Palestinian squad included Mousa Jum’a at-Tallaqa the sole survivor, Khadr Ahmad Jaram (squad commander), Omar Mahmoud ash-Shafi’i, Ahmad Hamid Abu Qamar, Abdallah Khalil Abdallah Kulaib, Muhammad Diya’ed-din al-Helwani, Mousa al-Abd Abu Tharya, and Nayif Najd Isma’il as-Saghir, who were all killed by the Israeli troops. Tallaqa was tried in a military court, convicted, and sentenced to death by hanging in March 1976. His death sentence was commuted. The bodies of those killed were released by the IDF in May 2012.

Aftermath
The partially destroyed Savoy Hotel was completely demolished, and a new hotel of the same name was built in its place. The new Savoy Hotel opened in 1987. At its entrance is a memorial plaque with the names of the victims of the attack.

In August 2012, it was reported that the Ramallah municipality approved the construction of a mausoleum to honor the eight Palestinians who were involved in the attack (the vote was initially reported by the PA daily newspaper Al-Hayat Al-Jadida and subsequently translated into English by Palestinian Media Watch). The decision to build the mausoleum coincides with the return of the perpetrators' remains, which were among the bodies of 91 Palestinian militants repatriated to the Palestinian Authority in June 2012 as an Israeli good-will gesture.

Fatah caused a controversy in April 2021 after its Nablus branch reportedly made a Facebook post promoting the attack, incorrectly stating that "between 50 to 100" IDF soldiers were killed.

In 2022, the film Savoy (dir. Zohar Wagner) was released, dramatizing and exploring the event, particularly from the perspective of Kochava Levi.

title: Savoy Hotel attack


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Talk:Slyck Wagner Brown

Untitled
Why was there an entry on this page's "personal Life" section mocking his alleged victim? The taunting (I would assume either by Brown himself or someone close to him) reeked of bias.

Jonathan Barber Namecheck taken out
Per discussion with administrator User:Durova, the Jonathan Barber (banned User:JB196) namecheck is being taken out as a violation of WP:VAIN, WP:SPAM, and WP:OWN SirFozzie 17:48, 19 December 2006 (UTC)

Arrest
Why are all references to his arrest after his assault on April Hunter removed? It's a significant part of his biography. 174.54.72.211 (talk) 10:06, 28 December 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Slyck Wagner Brown


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Done.

GTBacchus 19:55, 18 July 2005 (UTC)


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Finished!