text:
Talk:Mohammed Bouyeri

Terrorist label
Someone of you educated, skilled wikipedians should find the Dutch Ministry of Justice source of the open letter and add it to the references. The style of reference to the text of this controversial letter is not user friendly and for research purposes it reflects the foolhardyness and scholastic recidivism inherent to the israeli lobbys censorship efforts. As the killing of Theo Van Gogh is mentioned in the JOB COHEN article, an internal wikilink would be of use, as the open letter to MRS. ALI mentioned JOB COHEN particularly with regards to his indoctrination by Talmud. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 125.193.109.174 (talk) 09:35, 27 October 2011 (UTC)

 * I wish to comment on the use of the Terrorist label on this man.

 * This man was a murderer but was not a terrorist any more than the man who killed John lennon was.

'' —Preceding unsigned comment added by 70.112.129.230 (talk • contribs) 12:11, 2005 July 11

 * I took the following text from the terrorism page, lets see if mister Bouyeri can be "labelled" as a terrorist ;

 * 21st century definitions (terrorism) of the word range very widely. They typically involve some subset of the following criteria:

 * The motive is political or religious ( This is obvious, Bouyeri is a religious fundamentalist and he was "acting" in the name of Islam)
 * More like the Wahabbi death-cult that pretends to be Islam.
 * Wahabbism is one form of Islam, just as mormonism is in Christianity. Whabbism is just as much a part of Islam as any other forms! I hate people protecting the name "Islam" when, in reality, it inspires so much evil! Uchiha Thγmφ (talk) 19:44, 24 March 2009 (UTC)
 * Mormons consider themselves to be a restoration of an otherwise apostate religion, but of course no other Christians agree with this. Christianity is a religion primarily defined as monotheistic and trinitarian, whereas Mormonism is non-trinitarian and henotheistic as opposed to monotheistic, which of course is what necessitates a complete redefinition and restoration of Christianity in the minds of its founders. Members of any type of Christian orthodoxy, however, dismiss these claims out of hand. Wahabbism, on the other hand, gives us no discernible doctrinal reason to say it is not Islam. Wahabbism affirms that Allah is God and Mohammed is his prophet, there's the five pillars, there's the Koran, and then of course there are some major issues with violence, coercion, and violation of human rights in the name of religion. All of that has also happened within the confines of Christian orthodoxy at one time or another, especially when it came to Roman Catholicism during the Middle Ages. That didn't make anyone any less Christian, and all of these types of things do not make a Muslim any less of a Muslim. If they messed around with the nature and person of Allah or Mohammed in one way or another, or if they stopped being monotheistic, that would be the sort of thing that would do the trick. But being violent and restrictive in order to serve the interests of whatever religion you believe to be true? That doesn't change the doctrine you believe in, the only thing it does is it makes you a terrible person who happens to be a Muslim. 2601:244:4E00:7CB8:25D2:A338:AF5F:6799 (talk) 23:28, 30 August 2015 (UTC)

 * The target is civilian ( Theo van Gogh was a civilian)
 * The objective is to intimidate (I suggest you read the letter that was left on mr van Goghs corpse)
 * The intimidation is directed at government or society ( See above)
 * The perpetrator is non-governmental (Bouyeri was not even remotely involved, or in contact with any government)
 * The act was unlawful (duh)

--
 * Well actually, he was convicted for perfoming an act of terror. So that makes him a terrorist, someone who murders someone is also a murderer.--Soyweiser 13:59, 27 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Obviously the object of terrorism is to terrorize some people into doing or not doing something - like e.g. giving special attention and privileges to a group of people or not daring to critizise them.
 * Sometimes regular Muslims do kill others out of their regular Muslim anger. This guy does seem to have had an existing affiliation with a known terror group that was identified as such, though, so I'm satisfied with the conclusion that he was a terrorist. Being a terrorist doesn't automatically make him any less of a Muslim, but he did have an existing affiliation. It's a little bit like when a black person kills someone. Did he do it for gang-related reasons, people often wonder, or was he just a regular black guy. Being affiliated obviously doesn't make him any less black, but it does present a separate chain of causality that has nothing to do with race. Equally obviously, being black all on its own does not equate to being affiliated. In this analogous example, it turns out the black guy was affiliated, and he did have a history of being involved with some element of organized crime. That is a very good reason for saying it's gang violence. Now in this situation, the guy who killed the other guy has a certain ethnicity and a certain religion. But was he a terrorist, and was this an act of terror? There are all sorts of terrorist networks out there, and if he was involved with an organized group that promotes terror, then that would bring the terrorist thing squarely into the discussion. (No, Islam as a whole does not count as a terrorist organization. Stop it). As it turns out, he was involved with a known terrorist group. He was in the network, he was affiliated. Then he did something violent in the name of Islam, which is still very much a factor but the terror thing has more direct bearing on the chain of causality. That's why the "terrorist" and "terrorism" terms belong and should stay. 2601:244:4E00:7CB8:25D2:A338:AF5F:6799 (talk) 23:28, 30 August 2015 (UTC)

BTW. if someone wants to make a psychological profile of this guy (and other young islamist/takfiri radicalists) perhaps this might be of interest:

''Of Bouyeri, the Telegraaf writes that he “has a sickening sexual interest. Together with his ‘brothers’, he enjoyed CD-ROMs where one can see how to amputate male genitals. On his laptop he also had illegal images of a man having sex with a dead woman.” According to the paper, “Mohammed B. was aroused by gruesome amputations and sex with a dead woman.”'' The Secret Life of Mohammed Bouyeri

History tells us that many terrorists or radicals are in fact petty criminals and/or sexual deviants who have merely found a religious or political disguise for their disgusting activities. --BirgerLangkjer 14:32, 21 October 2005 (UTC)

"History tells us..." is a convent way for saying "My personal opinion is..." Also, I don't see how Mohammed Bouyeri's sexual preferences fit into this article. It really seems like that bit is just added as an ad hominem attack. 172.131.64.132 (talk) 02:12, 29 December 2008 (UTC)

 * "History tells us"...how about this. Sharia law tells us, very consistently, that anyone who chooses to leave Islam should be killed, and anyone who insults the religion or the Prophet should be punished severely in some way, especially if their intent is to persuade people to leave Islam. Sharia law tells us this just about every single time, and as you probably know, Sharia law is the codification of common law as created by Muslims based on the Koran. So what does that have to do with the religion of Islam, and what in the world might it have to do with causing Muslims to be intolerant...oh, I don't know, there's so many Muslims who aren't born and raised in a country with Sharia law, who can really tell. I mean, it's just a bunch of Muslims who create laws in Muslim-dominated countries that are based on the Koran which consistently wind up being horrific and intolerant, but that can't possibly have anything to do with anything. 2601:244:4E00:7CB8:25D2:A338:AF5F:6799 (talk) 23:40, 30 August 2015 (UTC)

Snuff films
I removed the following passage because it was unsourced. He was wrong to kill Theo Van Gogh but Wikipedia is not the place to make this terrible and possibly libelous statement without citing the source properly :

'He also reportedly became virtually ecstatic when he watched snuff films.' --Godfinger 12:54, 22 August 2007 (UTC)

 * I'm not going to insert it again if you find it important to leave out, but actually this is pretty much taken directly from the first citation:
 * "Mohammed el Morabit, a Moroccan member of the Hofstadgroup, who was not among the fanatics, told his Dutch interrogators that Mohammed Bouyeri became virtually ecstatic when he watched horrifying snuff films. In Bouyeri's house, a CD-rom was found with films showing images like the public amputation of a penis and sex with a dead female body." Rune X2 15:33, 22 August 2007 (UTC)

 * To be frank, it would not surprise me that it might be true as this guy seemed seriously disturbed. But as it's wikipedia policy to avoid libelous remarks it would be wise to be careful what one says in biographies. Obviously it is a case that aroused strong feelings and one might be tempted to ascribe all sorts of terrible things to this man but in the interests of accuracy we should only report what is truly sourced .In this case you appear to be correct so if you want to put it back then I wont object-but it definately needs to be properly cited-maybe as a quote perhaps or something --Godfinger 16:05, 22 August 2007 (UTC)

Sexual fetishism
This section has been repeatedly been removed by a number anonymous editors and now by FayssalF, however there should be a discussion on talk pages before removing cited material.

The sexual fetishism of Mohammed Bouyeri as well as his fondness for snuff films, is well attested and much attention has been given to these aspects. Including a number of Muslims arguing, that Mohammed Bouyeri wasn't in the least moved by Islam, but just using it as a flimsy cover for his real interests. The section is merited in the article on account of it giving some background to the man in question, and perhaps giving some kind of possible answer to what his reasons for killing van Gogh.

a Moroccan member of the Hofstadgroup, who was not among the fanatics, told his Dutch interrogators that Mohammed Bouyeri became virtually ecstatic when he watched horrifying snuff films. In Bouyeri's house, a CD-rom was found with films showing images like the public amputation of a penis and sex with a dead female body.

Bouyeri also tried to decapitate Theo van Gogh with a big knife, at which point he discovered that it was not so easy. In the months or weeks before the murder, he had tried to perfect his decapitation technique on one or more stolen sheep. A book on Zarqawi was also found in Bouyeri's house, the notorious Jordanian Al-Qaeda terrorist who introduced the terror cult of decapitation to. Terror on Trial: First hand report on the Hofstadgroep trial by Emerson Vermaat

Indeed it does not. In a shocking set of revelations, the ’ daily, De Telegraaf, has reported that Mohammed Bouyeri and his associates in the Hofstadgroep used radical Islamism to hide the fact that their group was actually a “sexual cult.” In a report titled “Preaching and Porno,” the paper went on to recount the story of the Islamist “lover boys” who clothed their lurid sexual preferences in the garb of religious extremism.

The group was inclined to a vast array of depraved activities, not the least disturbing of which was the sexual abuse of young women. The group also reportedly had a penchant for marrying young women, most of whom were native Dutch and had converted to Islam. Bouyeri and his co-religionists would use them as “porn princesses,” before abandoning them after two weeks.

“has a sickening sexual interest. Together with his ‘brothers’, he enjoyed CD-ROMs where one can see how to amputate male genitals. On his laptop he also had illegal images of a man having sex with a dead woman.” According to the paper, “Mohammed B. was aroused by gruesome amputations and sex with a dead woman.” The Secret Life of Mohammed Bouyeri

etc. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Rune X2 (talk • contribs) 13:28, 12 September 2007 (UTC)
 * Fair enough. I just considered your reverts w/o using the edit summary a bit odd. By the way Rune X2, do you have a source for the " Including a number of Muslims arguing, that Mohammed Bouyeri wasn't in the least moved by Islam". If you have it it would be good as all we need in Wikipedia is balance (NPOV). -- FayssalF  -  Wiki me up®  14:04, 12 September 2007 (UTC)

I deleted the entire section, hear me out. It first appeared to me as a cheap smear - the chap isn't notable for his sexual fetishes. Reference 2 and 3 were cited but 3 is now a broken link. Reference 2 is a very dubious source and I'm surprised this article has remained written around it. The actual content, well - the amputee fetishism was not really accurate, and unless he has self-identified as being a necrophiliac, I don't really see how a single movie file ammounts to a fetish - does everyone who has seen 2girls1cup have a faeces fettish? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 77.100.27.103 (talk) 23:16, 5 May 2009 (UTC)

Murder method
This article says he stabbed van gogh, the page on van gogh says he was shot... — Preceding unsigned comment added by 67.6.39.213 (talk) 06:43, 1 July 2011 (UTC)
 * He shot Van Gogh multiple times then slashed his throat and pinned a note to his chest using a butcher's knife. So both statements are true (abeit incomplete). SpeakFree (talk) 10:56, 28 August 2011 (UTC)

title: Talk:Mohammed Bouyeri


text:
Harold Tennant

Harold John Tennant PC (18 November 1865 – 9 November 1935), often known as Jack Tennant, was a Scottish Liberal politician. He served as Secretary for Scotland under his brother-in-law H. H. Asquith between July and December 1916.

Background and education
Born at The Glen, Innerleithen, Peeblesshire, Harold Tennant was a younger son of Sir Charles Tennant, 1st Baronet, by his first wife Emma, daughter of Richard Winsloe. He was the brother of Edward Tennant, 1st Baron Glenconner and Margot Asquith (and hence the brother-in-law of H. H. Asquith) and the half-brother of Baroness Elliot of Harwood.

Tennant was educated at Eton College and at Trinity College, Cambridge.

Political career
Tennant was Assistant Private Secretary to his brother-in-law H. H. Asquith while the latter was Home Secretary between 1892 and 1895. In 1894 he was elected Member of Parliament for Berwickshire. Asquith became Prime Minister in 1908 and in January 1909 he appointed Tennant Parliamentary Secretary to the Board of Trade. Tennant remained in this office until 1911, and then served under Asquith as Financial Secretary to the War Office from 1911 to 1912 and as Under-Secretary of State for War from 1912 to 1916. In 1914 he was sworn of the Privy Council. He entered the cabinet as Secretary for Scotland under Asquith in July 1916, a post he held until Asquith was ousted as Prime Minister in December 1916. Tennant did not serve under David Lloyd George.

At the 1918 general election, the Berwickshire constituency was abolished, and Tennant contested the new Berwickshire and Haddingtonshire constituency. He faced two opponents: R. W. Foulis of the Labour Party, and the 1911–1918 Haddingtonshire MP John Deans Hope. With two incumbent Liberal MPs contesting one seat, Hope's receipt of the coalition coupon secured his victory, with 54% of the votes. Tennant came a poor third, with only 16% of the votes.

Tennant also unsuccessfully contested Glasgow Central in 1923 but never returned to the House of Commons.

During his time in Parliament, Tennant supported a number of progressive measures such as worker's compensation, minimum wage provisions, school medical inspections, factory inspections, and unemployment insurance.

Personal life
Tennant married factory inspector May Abraham in 1896. He bought Great Maytham Hall, Rolvenden, Kent, in 1910. He commissioned Edwin Lutyens to rebuild the hall at a cost of £24,000. As leader of the war memorial committee, he also engaged Lutyens to design the Rolvenden War Memorial, erected in 1922.

Tennant died in November 1935, aged 70.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Harold Tennant


text:
Krishna Raja Wadiyar IV

Krishnaraja Wadiyar IV (4 June 1884 – 3 August 1940) was the twenty-fourth Maharaja of Mysore, reigning from 1902 until his death in 1940.

Krishnaraja Wadiyar IV is popularly deemed a rajarshi, or 'saintly king', a moniker with which Mahatma Gandhi revered the king in 1925 for his administrative reforms and achievements. He was a philosopher king, seen by Paul Brunton as living the ideal expressed in Plato's Republic. Herbert Samuel compared him to Emperor Ashoka. Acknowledging the maharaja's noble and efficient kingship, John Sankey declared in 1930 at the first Round Table Conference in London, "Mysore is the best administered state in the world". He is often regarded as the "father of modern Mysore" and his reign the "golden age of Mysore". Madan Mohan Malaviya described the maharaja as "dharmic" (virtuous in conduct). John Gunther, the American author, heaped praise on the king. In an obituary, The Times called him "a ruling prince second to none in esteem and affection inspired by both his impressive administration and his attractive personality".

At the time of his death, Krishnaraja Wadiyar IV was one of the world's wealthiest men, with a personal fortune estimated in 1940 to be worth US$400 million, equivalent to $7 billion in 2018 prices. He was the second-wealthiest Indian, after Osman Ali Khan, the Nizam of Hyderabad.

Early years
Krishnaraja Wadiyar IV was born on 4 June 1884 in Mysore Palace as the son of Maharaja Chamarajendra Wadiyar X and Maharani Kempananjammanni Devi. After the sudden death of his father in Calcutta in 1894, the widowed queen mother Kempananjammanni Devi ruled the state as regent from 1895 to 1902, until Krishnaraja Wadiyar reached the age of majority on 8 August 1902. Upon accession to the throne, he became the fourth king of Mysore by the name, hence known in the vernacular language Kannada as Nalwadi Krishnaraja Wadiyar (the qualifying prefix nālvaḍi means "the fourth").

The maharaja had his early education and training at Lokaranjan Palace in Mysore under the direction of P. Raghavendra Rao. In addition to Western studies, he was instructed in Kannada and Sanskrit. He was taught horse-riding and Indian and Western classical music. His early administrative training was imparted by Sir Stuart Fraser of the Bombay Civil Service. The study of the principles of jurisprudence and methods of revenue administration was supplemented by extensive tours of the state during which he gained immense knowledge of the nature of the country which he was later to govern.

Accession
Shortly after the death of his father Maharaja Chamarajendra Wadiyar X on 28 December 1894, Krishnaraja Wodeyar IV, still a boy of eleven, ascended the throne on 1 February 1895. His mother Maharani Kemparajammanni Devi ruled as queen regent until Krishnaraja Wodeyar IV took over on 8 February 1902. The yuvaraja was invested as the Maharaja of Mysore, with full ruling powers, by George Curzon, the Governor-General of India, on 8 August 1902 at a ceremony at Jaganmohana Palace.

Government
Mysore became the first Indian state to have a representative assembly, Mysore Representative Assembly, a democratic forum in 1881. During the maharaja's reign, the assembly was enlarged and became bicameral in 1907 with the creation of the Mysore Legislative Council, a house of elders which introduced much new legislation for the state.During the maharaja's reign, the Kingdom of Mysore witnessed development in a range of fields. Mysore became the first Indian state to generate hydroelectric power in Asia, and Bangalore was the first Asian city to have street lights, first lit on 5 August 1905. Princes from other sections of India were sent to Mysore for administrative training.

Reforms
The maharaja worked towards alleviating poverty and improving rural reconstruction, public health, industry and economic regeneration, education and the fine arts. He abolished child marriage (for girls below the age 8), gave special importance for girls' education, and offered scholarship for widowed women.

At a time when support for domestic products was pivotal for India's self-reliance and eventual independence from British India, the maharaja encouraged spinning at scale, for which Gandhi greatly praised him.

Education and arts
Krishnaraja Wodeyar IV set up numerous educational infrastructures and institutions. Krishnaraja Wadiyar was the first chancellor of Banaras Hindu University (whose co-founder he also was) and the University of Mysore (whose founder he was). The latter was the first university chartered by an Indian province. The Indian Institute of Science at Bangalore, which was initiated during his mother's tenure as regent, functionally started during his reign in 1911 with a gift of 371 acres (1.5 km2) of land and a donation of funds.

The maharaja was a patron of Indian music, both Carnatic and Hindustani, and Western classical music. He was an accomplished musician and, like his predecessors, patronised fine arts. The maharaja was a connoisseur of Carnatic and Hindustani music himself. He played eight musical instruments: flute, violin, saxophone, piano, mridangam, nadaswara, sitar, and veena. Members of the Agra Gharana, including Nattan Khan and Ustad Vilayat Hussain Khan, were guests of the maharajah at Mysore, as were Abdul Karim Khan and Gauhar Jan. Barkatullah Khan was a palace musician from 1919 until his death in 1940.

Asthana Vidwan Kadagathur Seshacharya has written various works and is famous for his contributions towards Sanskrit and Kannada literature. The maharaja also composed many poems in Kannada himself.

Personal life
Krishnaraja Wadiyar IV was wedded on 6 June 1900 at Jaganmohan Palace to Maharani Pratapa Kumari Devi of Kathiawar, the youngest daughter of Rana Bane Singh of Vana, Kathiawar (present-day Gujarat State). The couple had no children. He died of heart attack on 3 August 1940. His nephew Jayachamaraja Wadiyar succeeded him as Maharaja.

Honours

 * King George VI Coronation Medal, 1937
 * King George V Silver Jubilee Medal, 1935
 * Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the British Empire (GBE), 1917
 * Bailiff Grand Cross of the Order of St John (GCStJ), 1911
 * Delhi Durbar Gold Medal, 1911
 * Knight Grand Commander of the Most Exalted Order of the Star of India (GCSI), 1907
 * Delhi Durbar Gold Medal, 1903

Honorary doctorates

 * Honorary Doctorate, University of Mysore, (posthumously in 2011)
 * Honorary Doctorate, Banaras Hindu University (at its 21st convocation held on 28 December 1937)

Memorials

 * K.R.S. Dam, Mysore; K.R. Circle, Mysore; K.R. Nagara, Mysore
 * K.R. Market, Bangalore; K.R. Puram, Bangalore
 * K.R. Pete, Mandya

title: Krishna Raja Wadiyar IV


text:
Apokoronas

Apokoronas (Αποκόρωνας) is a municipality and a former province (επαρχία) in the Chania regional unit, north-west Crete, Greece. It is situated on the north coast of Crete, to the east of Chania itself. The seat of the municipality is the village Vryses. The municipality has an area of 315.478 km2.

Geography
Apokoronas extends from the foothills of the White Mountains north to the coast, in a wide plain with rolling hills. To the east, Cape Drapanon rises above the plain and extends out into the Sea of Crete. The area is very green and fertile, unusual for rocky Crete. The Kiliaris river, known in antiquity as 'Pyknos', runs through the region. Robert Pashley suggested that the name 'Apokoronas' came from the ancient city of Ippokoronas or Ippokoronion, also cited by Strabo. This city may have been located near modern Nipos, or on the site of the Venetian fortress, Castel Apicorono, on an outcrop between Kalyves and Almyrida. The major towns of Apokoronas are Vamos, Armenoi and Vryses, with police, municipal and utility offices as well as taverns and large churches; Kalyves, Almyrida and Georgioupoli are the largest beach resorts. Tourism and agriculture are the major local industries, with much construction and quarrying to satisfy the demands of many foreigners eager to buy or rent properties in what used to be beautiful and traditional villages. Gavalochori is among the more popular villages. Many residents or workers in Chania also have homes in the area.

Apokoronas was the location of much of the filming of the movie Zorba the Greek.

Municipality
The municipality Apokoronas was formed at the 2011 local government reform by the merger of the following 6 former municipalities, that became municipal units:
 * Armenoi
 * Asi Gonia
 * Fres
 * Georgioupoli
 * Kryonerida
 * Vamos

Province
The province of Apokoronas (Επαρχία Αποκορώνου) was one of the provinces of Chania Prefecture. It covered the same area as the current municipality. It was abolished in 2006.

title: Apokoronas


text:
Talk:Heinkel He 113

Untitled
According to many websites out there the designation He 113 refers to the aircraft later designated He 100 due to Heinkel's superstition about the use of the number 13

Merge request for Heinkel He 113
Is there enough in the Heinkel He 113 article to stand on its own? It may make more sense to include it into the Heinkel He 100 article. FWiW Bzuk (talk) 22:40, 17 May 2009 (UTC)

Actually, He 113 was the original designation for the Heinkel He 100. Its designer requested a new RLM designation because the He 100 was intended to break the absolute speed record.

J.R. Smith, Anthony Kay, 2002. German Aircraft of the Second World War. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 68.4.61.237 (talk) 23:10, 8 April 2010 (UTC)

Personally, I think it can stand alone. Mark Sublette (talk) 21:15, 2 February 2011 (UTC)Mark SubletteMark Sublette (talk) 21:15, 2 February 2011 (UTC)
 * Merge. (Boy, this is a slow-motion discussion!) The "He 113" designation was a propaganda stunt/cover for the He 100, there's no reason it shouldn't redirect to Heinkel He 100 or something like that. - The Bushranger One ping only 21:25, 2 February 2011 (UTC)

 * Oppose Whether it's real or not, it's certainly notable as the 113. One thing we do know about the propaganda creation is that it wasn't the He 100, even though it was "played" by a He 100 for photographs. That's like deleting Monica Geller because we already have an article on Courteney Cox. Andy Dingley (talk) 21:46, 2 February 2011 (UTC)
 * Oppose Yes, let's put this one to rest, both articles have enough meat on the plate to co-exist. FWiW, I didn't even remember that I had made the merge request. Bzuk (talk) 22:05, 2 February 2011 (UTC).

title: Talk:Heinkel He 113


text:
Talk:Hire purchase

Merge proposal objection
Hire purchase is used in Australia, however Lease Options are used in Real Estate transactions in Australia and hence I believe they should NOT be merged (Hire Purcahse is seen as more "retail" where as Lease Option is seen more in a commercial/finance way).

International usage
Forgive my lack of international experience but would I not be right in saying that "installment plan" is an American scheme whereas "Hire Purchase" is other places like UK, Australia, etc? If so, merging the pages would seem inappropriate because it would mean conflating different sets of laws and jargon, or creating separate headings in the page (just like keeping them as separate pages). -David91 17:14, 11 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Yeah, I think that is right, and I see your point, but since they are so related, I think there has got to be a better way to have the material organized than it is now. It is clear the articles were not even aware the others existed before recent attempts to try to link them. - Taxman Talk 17:52, July 11, 2005 (UTC)

 * Well, these are parallel systems rather than related systems. HP defers the transfer of title until all the hire payments have been made in full. Only then can the hirer buy at a predetermined (albeit usually a nominal) price. In the installment plan, title passes immediately upon contract with payments being spread over a period of time. So, this is a credit sale system creating debtors and creditors, with local versions of nonpossessory "pledge" and "lien" to protect the creditor with completely different applications to those in the UK. This distinction is of major significance. If the hirer defaults in the UK, the finance company as owner can repossess their goods (subject to statutory exceptions). If the hirer parts with possession to a third party, this is theft of the goods from the finance company which can recover their goods from the third parties. The reason why the two articles do not acknowledge the other's existence is that the laws are more than slightly different. A similarity of effect is only detectable in instalment land transactions where the transfer of title is deferred until all payments have been made. But, in the UK, the mortgage purchase system for land is conceptually different.

 * Now, I did not write the HP page and, if truth be told, I do not think it is very good but, at a superficial level. it is not uninformative. I am all in favour of both articles being brought up to a proper level. If no-one with current knowledge turns up to "do" HP, I will volunteer but, since I am house-bound with no current reference books, I cannot guarantee that what I remember from twenty five or so years ago will be sufficient even with on-line search, e.g. I see the Sale and Supply of Goods Act 1994 and Unfair Terms in Consumer Contracts Regulations 1999 which are unknown quantities to me at present. So I wait for others to step into the breach. -David91 19:16, 11 July 2005 (UTC)

First draft
As indicated above, I have no access to current laws. I have therefore limited this draft to general principles common to all the jurisdictions. Hopefully, there are no major errors. But, I sincerely hope that up-to-date practitioners from the Commonwealth will take the time to review this material and modify as necessary. David91 21:04, 3 August 2005 (UTC)

Merge proposal March 2006
I'm (re-)proposing the merger of articles: Rent to own, Lease purchase contract, Closed-end leasing. The concept is universal, and I don't see any reason why the pages can't be made universal. (Anyone looking for specific legal advice can do much better than Wikipedia.) I'm less enthusiastic about Installment plan (which should also cover "layaway" with the difference being that the shop retains the goods until the payments are complete) but most of the information currently on that page describes "hire purchase". I've also made some redirects e.g. Rental purchase which is, again, the same concept with different terminology[http:// www.rtoonline.com/Law/allAds.asp]. Ewlyahoocom 19:24, 7 March 2006 (UTC)

 * Well, we have been here before since I separated out closed-end leasing to its own page. It is not so much whether the concepts are or are not universal. The devil lies in the detail. Rent to own is a stub and appears to be U.S. based. I accept that could be merged into either closed end leasing or hire purchase. Lease purchase appears to include real property while hire purchase is exclusively personal property. I assume that this is also U.S. based and, if so, it could be included with closed end leasing to form a U.S.-centric page including the three U.S. pages. If your proposal is to put all four on the same page, the only way to preserve coherence in each law between the different jurisdictions, is to lump all the explanations of the laws together on one page, but as completely separate chunks so that internal coherence is maintained. I am against long pages in principle. For example, I think the murder page is a mess. No-one could or should be relying on Wiki pages for advice. To that extent we agree. But the level of detail provided on the law pages in Wiki is completely inadequate for that purpose. A standard law textbook on commercial law would run to as many as a hundred pages on hire purchase and practitioner manuals with precedents as to the different forms of agreement would be hundreds of pages. Such detail would be required for the purposes of extracting useful material upon which advice could be based. The standard university level module on hire purchase would last about six weeks (a one year course covers Sale of Goods, Agency and Hire Purchase). These pages are the barest minimums consistent with accuracy. Thus, I approve the idea of the merger of the U.S.-based material to a single page if those who specialise in U.S. law see no conceptual problems. But I oppose the reintegration of closed end leasing into hire purchase because all that does is to make the page longer and full of warnings not to confuse the two chunks. David91 02:20, 8 March 2006 (UTC)

 * Why not just leave them seperate pages and have links to each other; why is this such a big deal? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 67.181.209.186 (talk • contribs)

 * OK, since I guess we're agreed that its the same concept, maybe you can just explain to me why Wikipedia should be some kind of law dictionary? I mean, in some places there's laws for just about everything one might want to do from walking their dog to opening their mail to using the loo. Must we break out every human action potentially covered by some law into its own page for each jurisdiction? (I think this is state law in the U.S. so that's at least 43 44 new pages according to http://www.rtoonline.com/Law/allAds.asp) Ewlyahoocom 19:17, 8 March 2006 (UTC)

 * I carefully qualified my agreement as to whether these are or are not the same concepts. I am not familiar with U.S. laws and therefore cannot say whether the U.S. pages are sufficiently similar to justify merging. I find your question on the inclusion of legal material difficult to understand. I find the idea of a "serious" encyclopaedia with hundreds of pages on computer games and comics somewhat extraordinary, but I accept that it may be the function of an on-line source to deal with trivia. Why are you are hostile to the inclusion of more academic material? As to the reason for addressing laws separately by jurisdiction: laws are different in different places and it can be very confusing to a lay reader if you mix different laws and their explanations together (just as, I assume, it might be confusing, if not annoying to readers, if editors mixed Star Wars and Star Trek together as being the same science fiction concepts). David91 02:58, 9 March 2006 (UTC)

 * I'll ask you as simply as I can: should this be an article about the concept? or a set of articles about the laws that cover the concept? Ewlyahoocom 06:02, 9 March 2006 (UTC)

 * Your question cannot be answered. Some of the systems "sell" goods whether immediately or on a deferred basis, others allow the "possession" and "use" of goods with an option to purchase at a fixed or determinable period of time, others involve immovable property or intangible property. Unless you explain the systems, i.e. what is a "sale", etc. and the nature of the different forms of property, you cannot know what the concepts are and how they relate. Thus, laws are no more than the operationalisation of concepts and it is impossible to separate one from the other. And this, of course, is true of almost all topics which have a theory underpinning practice. So what is your point? David91 06:25, 9 March 2006 (UTC)

 * The merge sounds good, they are such similer topics. Why not just stick them all together, make serching for info that much easier.-- Teh Teck Geek 13:09, 25 April 2006 (UTC)

 * The term "Hire Purchase" has zero search relevancy for North Americans as it relates to "lease purchase," "lease option" or "rent to own." Most North Americans haven't even heard of this term and indeed, the term doesn't make much sense, especially as it relates to leasing with an option to purchase. They should most definitely not be merged. jeffb0 08:55, 30 June 2006 (UTC)
 * The term "Lift" has zero search relevancy for North Americans as it relates to "elevators." Most North Americans haven't even heard of this term and indeed, the term doesn't make much sense, especially as it relates to elevating things. They should most definitely not be merged. Ewlyahoocom 15:53, 30 June 2006 (UTC)

 * Redirected pages still appear in the search results. An American searchinf for Lease purchase will still find that result first, but post-merge it would redirect them to Hire purchase. --81.168.72.184 13:22, 4 July 2006 (UTC)

Hire purchase refers to the English origins of the transaction
While hire purchase is the legal origin of the rent-to-own transaction, the two should not be merged as rent-to-own has become its own market and legal definition in the economy today. Most notably, in the United States the rent-to-own transaction is legally defined in 47 states and represents a $6.6 billion dollar industry serving 3 million customers annually. There are more than 8000 stores throughout North America and beyond that rent-to-own furniture, electronics, appliances, computers, wheels and tires, and other consumer products. The fact that the customer is never obligated to make the next payment is what distinquishes the rent-to-own transaction in the marketplace. If the customer chooses to make every rental payment or choose an early purchase option gives the rent-to-own transaction its ownership aspect but the no-obligation aspect of the transaction is its appeal to those who either cannot or choose not to be obligated by a traditional lease.

Lease-Options
As an author and practitioner of lease-options with a respectable portfolio in the Southeast U.S., I can clearly state that there is definitely a difference between lease purchase and lease-options. Additionally, hire purchase is largely an unknown term within U.S. circles. That probably needs to stand on its own.

I would be happy to contribute to the lease-options article. However, it is important to note that even with the lease-options circles, the actual implementation can be vastly different.

The lease-options article absolutely must stand on its own.

Please don't merge
I'm pleased that you're a law professor Chris, but the problem with Rent To Own and Hire Purchase is that neither article has any cited sources. It seems that a lot of discussion is going into this topic, but until someone takes the time to start citing some facts I don't think we have an article that will survive the test of time in either case. If we lack one well cited article of the two, I don't see the harm in merging them as technically they both could be flagged for deletion. Alan.ca 02:31, 1 December 2006 (UTC)

I'm a UK law professor, and this is an area of law I taught for some years. The only page which might be merged with Hire Purchase is Closed-end Leasing, as these are indeed identical conceptually. The other three are not sufficiently closely related to be merged.

However, I'd plead that hire purchase is conceptually important historically. The article contains a major conceptual error in the first line where it says that hire purchase is a type of conditional sale. That is precisely what it is *not*. It was invented in the 1880s (where the subject matter was traditionally pianos, unexpectedly) after a legal decision which meant that a conditional sale was ineffective to maintain the lender's security against the piano if the buyer sold it to a third party. Some clever person invented the concept of hiring the piano to the user, but *not* selling it until the very end of the arrangement - the concept is explained correctly under Closed-end leasing.

Although Closed-end leasing and Hire purchase are the same legal structure under different names, the history is so different that I think Hire Purchase deserves its own entry as the historical begetter of the concept. I hope to find time to edit the entry over the next few weeks (getting a book out at the moment).

Prof. Chris Reed, Queen Mary University of London (www.qmul.ac.uk), 27 October 2006

No merge consensus
Looking over this discussion it seems like the consensus is not to merge closed-end leasing here so I'm removing the merge tags. If you disagree you can add them back. Tocharianne 17:44, 31 December 2006 (UTC)

First ever hire purchase scheme?
According to http://www.gizmohighway.com/history/sewing_machine.htm it was Isaac Merrit Singer originator of the Singer sewing machine "Singer was Brilliant at selling his machines and with a lawyer named Clark he set up the first ever hire purchase scheme." Ewlyahoocom 16:37, 15 May 2007 (UTC)

Lease purchase should go to disambig
Lease purchase redirects here. Lease option still exists and refers to lease purchase. I see there has been a discussion about merging. I want to introduce yet another wrinkle -- lease purchase by governments particularly in the United States where projects are built without a bond issue but rather via a "lease" with a an agency. This is used to build many of the modern prisons in the U.S. as financing a new prison normally would be opposed by the populace via conventional bond methods. Americasroof 05:37, 20 September 2007 (UTC)

Economics
I think this article doesn't touch enough on the economic aspect of the arrangement (no math =. I was informed that the way the interest is calculated on HP basis is different from typical calculation. __earth (Talk) 01:59, 11 October 2007 (UTC)

Historical context
The article contains practically no information about the growth and decline of hire purchase use, even in the UK. This is important because HP hasn't been a mainstream consumer purchasing method in Britain for at least 30 years and possibly longer, apart from in a few specialist areas like vehicle purchase for people with very bad credit scores. Almost all non-cash purchases are financed by unsecured loans with finance companies arranged by the retailer, or by credit card borrowing. The article needs to explain why this decline happened - unfortunately I don't have the expertise to do this. --Ef80 (talk) 20:55, 21 October 2009 (UTC)

(Nearly) universally spread sstem
Why do you restrict this universal financing system to "It was developed in the United Kingdom and can now be found in China, Japan, Malaysia, India, Australia,Jamaica and New Zealand."??? See at least all the other wiki articles!!195.4.78.22 (talk) 05:57, 4 June 2011 (UTC)

 * This particular page is about the Hire Purchase system, which is not a universal financing system. In the U.S., for instance, we use the term Installment Plan, which has different meaning, giving the "hirer" less rights than the Hire Purchase system does. Chainsol (talk) 14:42, 3 October 2011 (UTC) -Derp, messed up formatting

The Hirer's Rights - Summary?
I've removed a summary from the end of the section titled "The hirer's rights", as it added nothing to the article, and only served to confuse the reader. Chainsol (talk) 14:40, 3 October 2011 (UTC)

Summary was:

Basically hirer have following rights- 1. Rights of protection 2. Rights of notice 3. Rights of repossession 4. Rights of Statement 5. Rights of excess amount

title: Talk:Hire purchase


text:
User talk:GraySocks

warm, dry and fluffy

title: User talk:GraySocks


text:
User:GraySocks

warm, dry and fluffy

title: User:GraySocks


text:
Talk:Further and Higher Education Act 1992

Untitled
The Further & Higher Education Act 1992 did not convert the polytechnics to universities, that was done in an earlier Act, together with the HEFCE.

The FHE Act created Further Education Corporations and the FEFC, ie took FE out of local authority control.


text:
User talk:Sokratees9

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title: User talk:Sokratees9


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Séverine (singer)

Séverine (born Josiane Grizeau; 10 October 1948) is a French singer.

Séverine won the Eurovision Song Contest in 1971 for Monaco, performing "Un banc, un arbre, une rue" (A bench, a tree, a street), with music by Jean-Pierre Bourtayre and words by Yves Dessca. It was recorded in English as "Chance in Time", in German as "Mach die Augen zu (und wünsch dir einen Traum)" and Italian as "Il posto". The original French version made #9 in the UK Singles Chart in May 1971, whereas the English version, released on CBS rather than Philips, did not chart. The song charted highly in most other European markets. Séverine had further success in France and Germany, but never again on an international scale.

Séverine made two further attempts at winning the Eurovision Song Contest, participating in the German national finals of 1975 and 1982. Neither song won. She accompanied Monaco's delegation to the Eurovision Song Contest 2006 in Athens, Greece.

Discography and chart success

 * "Un banc, un arbre, une rue" (#1 Sweden, #1 Canada, #2 Benelux, #3 France, #3 Ireland, #9 UK, #23 Germany)
 * "Chance in Time"
 * "Mach die Augen zu (und wünsch dir einen Traum)" (#23 Germany)
 * "Il posto" (#53 Italy)
 * "Vivre pour moi" (#32 France)
 * "Ja der Eiffelturm" (#27 Germany)
 * "Comme un appel" (#24 France)
 * "J'ai besoin de soleil" (#29 France)
 * "Olala L'Amour" (#19 Germany)
 * "Là ou tu n'es pas" (#44 France)
 * "Mon tendre amour" (#47 France)
 * "Der Duft von Paris" (#40 Germany)
 * "Il faut chanter la vie" (a cover version of Cliff Richard's 1973 Eurovision entry "Power to All Our Friends") (#46 France)
 * "Vergessen heißt verloren sein" (#47 Germany)
 * "Du bist für mich der größte Schatz" (#49 Germany)
 * "Sieben Tränen" (a cover version of Goombay Dance Band's 1981 hit "Seven Tears")(#49 Germany)

title: Séverine (singer)


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Assuwa

Assuwa (𐀀𐀯𐀹𐀊) was a confederation of 22 states in western Anatolia around 1400 BC. The confederation formed to oppose the Hittite Empire, but was defeated under Tudhaliya I/II. The name was recorded in various centres in Mycenaean Greece as Asiwia, which later acquired the form Asia.

Name
Assuwa has been identified in Egyptian records as isy and a-si-ja and in the contemporary Greek Linear B script with the demonym a-si-ja.

History
Assuwa appears in the historical record around 1400 BC. It is mentioned in six surviving Hittite documents including the Annals of Tudhaliya I/II, which gives a detailed account of the Assuwans' rebellion and its aftermath.

"But when I turned back to Hattusa, then against me these lands declared war: [—]lugga, Kispuwa, Unaliya, [-], Dura, Halluwa, Huwallusiya, Karakisa, Dunda, Adadura, Parista, [ ], [-]waa, Warsiya, Kuruppiya, [-]luissa, Alatra, Mount Pahurina, Pasuhalta, [-], Wilusiya, Taruisa. [These lands] with their warriors assembled themselves ......... and drew up their army opposite me."

Circumstantial evidence raises the possibility that Ahhiyawans may have supported the rebellion. For instance, a Mycenaean-style sword found at Hattusa bears an inscription suggesting that it was taken from an Assuwan soldier and left as an offering to the Hittite storm god. Some scholars have speculated that certain details in the Iliad could reflect a memory of this conflict, including the seemingly anachronistic character of Ajax as well as references to pre-Trojan War escapades of Bellerophon and Heracles in Anatolia.

title: Assuwa


text:
Talk:John III of Portugal

Acclamation or Coronation?
This is in response to recent edits by User:Walrasiad. Pay attention to pages 179-180 about information regarding the Roman Pontifical of Braga and Coimbra dioceses from 12th and 13th centuries (why bother including a coronation rite if it's never performed?): https://repositorio.ucp.pt/bitstream/10400.14/17362/1/V02402-173-194.pdf The entire Latin ceremony is described from page 185 onwards. Pay attention to section 14 (pages 189-190). The metropolitan bishop alone crowns the King's head, intoning the words: "Accipe coronam regni..."

Here's also a video of a professor from the University of Coimbra discussing the Coronation of Sebastian of Portugal: https://youtube.com/watch?v=MG0dcJ9ZiOg

PLEASE HELP
We need to stop the "English monopoly" of featured articles regarding kings. Let this article be one of them. The article was lamely translated from Portuguese and help correcting it is needed. Help from Portuguese speaking and English speaking wikipedians is needed also for correcting facts, adding info, adding images, maps, etc List of improvements needed:

 * Image:Lisbon 16thcentury.jpg, Image:Portuguese flag 1495.gif, Image:Portuguese elm.jpg, Image:Macau oldmap.jpg have no copyright information.
 * There are no references besides the 1911 Britannica.
 * Too many language problems to be ready for FAC. It needs a good copyedit, preferably by someone reasonably proficient in Portuguese, as there are a number of sentences that are hard to understand
 * The paragraphs are too short throughout and need merging.
 * Linking needs to address the readers' information.
 * Non-standard use of italics. removed italic in quotation. more missing?
 * Ensure the first three paragraphs are a good summary
 * This is supposed to be a biography, yet the entire 'The_Empire' section looks like it should be moved to History of Portugal. So I propose the not to be moved but be integrated in the spirit of the article, as a characterization of John's reign.
 * Center the quotes in this article to a standard quote format.
 * Some links are missing - better red then none. From first few paras, I'd like to read on: Maria of Aragon, Portuguese theatre, Tomás de Torres, D. Diogo Ortiz de Villegas, Luís Teixeira, Isabella, princess of Portugal, Catherine of Austria...
 * Monarch infobox
 * Change the king's box at the end to the one used in Afonso I of Portugal.
 * Enlarge Culture, International relations and Problems of the Empire
 * More links using See also in the middle of the text.
 * Drastically enlarge the king's life. Impossible to say more...
 * Get more pictures
 * Create and improve links related to the king (wife, issue, close people, enemies and events)
 * Add a chronology or a timeline.
 * Add external links.
 * Add a map of the Portuguese Empire at its peak. --Gameiro 02:53, 13 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Some inline references are needed. --Fenice 06:48, 13 July 2005 (UTC)

Mention translation as reference
Translated article usually have the following reference: --Fenice 06:48, 13 July 2005 (UTC)
 * This article draws heavily on the corresponding article in the Spanish-language Wikipedia, which was accessed in the version of xxx, 200x.
 * That's true. But in this case it was not translated from the Portuguese wikipedia. It was translated from a text made by me a long time ago. I'm just making the adjustments and I'm getting it done for the Portuguese wikipedia by the end of the week. Thanks. --Gameiro 12:41, 13 July 2005 (UTC)

Q:Brazil as Asian possession?
The second sentence of the second paragraph indicates "During his rule Asian possessions in Portuguese hands were extended by further conquest and systematic colonization of Brazil." I don't think Brazil counts as an "Asian possession". I don't know much about the topic, so I haven't changed the sentence, but I think you're trying to say "During his rule Asian possessions in Portugese hands were extended by further conquest, and Brazil was colonized systematically." Actually, that version isn't very good, so you might want "John III oversaw the extension of Portugal's Asian possessions by continuing conquest, and the systemic colonization of South American holdings in Brazil." Have fun, -- Creidieki 03:21, 9 August 2005 (UTC)

Why there are two different templates
I don't think we need two different templates for his children and life. We need to merge both templates. --Pedro 10:41, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * I think having two boxes completly destroys the looks of the article and attempts to improve it. -Pedro 11:17, 23 August 2005 (UTC)

I removed this table and added here because it gave work and it maybe useful in the future. -Pedro 11:31, 23 August 2005 (UTC)

Suggestions for the Introduction to the Article
Note: I do not speak Portugese, I have no knowledge of John III and little knowledge of Portugese history. My comments are simply based on reading the article critically.

Typically I would make direct edits or more specific suggestions, but I am not familiar with the subject, therefore I offer suggestions and ask questions which I hope are helpful.

--

"It was also during John's reign that Portuguese contacts with Ming-dynasty China and Muromachi-period Japan (Nanban) were established."

for

"It was also during John's reign that the Portuguese first contacted Ming-dynasty China and Muromachi-period Japan (Nanban)."

More active.

Regarding: "John III was responsible for the evangelization of the Far East and Brazil, partly through the introduction of the Jesuit missions."

The assumption is that "evangelization" refers to the introduction of Roman Catholic Christianity to the Far East and Brazil. The implication is that there was little to no evangelization or extant Christianity prior to John III's efforts and that it was his sole initiative to set up Jesuit missions there. Is that the case? Wether it is the case or no, this could be written more directly.

Related to the entire paragraph: "John III was responsible for the evangelization of the Far East and Brazil, partly through the introduction of the Jesuit missions. However, the Portuguese Inquisition was introduced in 1536, having disastrous effects on the commercial prosperity and social stability of the Empire. In the later years of John III's reign, Portugal fell into the stagnation that characterized the rule of King Sebastian, who succeeded him when John died of apoplexy in 1577."

The second sentance implies that there was a connection between John III's evangelization efforts and the Inquisition, the outcome of which was commercial and social instability in Portugal which affected China and Brazil. Is that the case?

Another implication of this paragraph is that "evangelization led to Inquistion led to instability led to stagnation which carried on into the reign of John III's successor". If these events are not related in this way they should be in separate paragraphs. If these events are interrelated then the paragraph needs to be rewritten to state that case clearly.

'General Comments on the Introduction'

I look to a biographical introduction to provide several things: common names by which the figure is known, when the person lived, where they lived, significant actions, events and effects credited to the individual -- their "place in history" in a nutshell.

Typically I read the introduction to understand if this is the person I want to know more about or to see if there is anything that piques my interest. I find with this introduction that I am moved to read on because I'm rather confused by the "actions, events ..." which look rather tangled.

I think this needs to be written less ambiguously. Normally I would take a stab at it, but I am completely unfamiliar with the facts of John III's life and while my prose might read more clearly I'm not sure it would be factual.

Best of luck.

Erraunt 21:08, 25 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Be bold, edit the article!!--Pedro 23:54, 25 August 2005 (UTC)

 * I'm usually very bold, but I don't know the *facts* so while I can make some grammatical changes, since I am not fully aware of the *meaning* in many cases it makes it very difficult to frame the words properly. I will try to find some other sources for the life of John III today and see if with that better understanding I can begin to edit. No offense, but the article is very confused. I've read enough things in translation and have read enough in other languages (not Portugese) to sense that there is sense "below" the words, but that someone struggled with the translation. Erraunt 13:17, 26 August 2005 (UTC)

Comments on "Life"
Regarding:

"Prince John's birth was connected to a masterpiece of Portuguese theatre: "Visitation Play or the Monologue of the Cowherd" (Auto da Visitação ou Monólgo do Vaqueiro) of Gil Vicente, played at the Queen's chamber. The young prince was educated by notables of the time, such as the astrologer, Tomás de Torres, and Diogo de Ortiz, Bishop of Tanger. One of his teachers was Luís Teixeira, a humanist educated in Italy."

The paragraph appears to encompass two topics: John IIIs birth and the influence of his educators.

Unless there is a thematic connection between the two topics this paragraph should be divided.

The first sentance is very confusing. It states that his birth is connected to a theatre masterpiece, and names the masterpiece, but does not explain the connection. Was it first performed to celebrate his birth? Did the masterpiece coincidentally mirror or parallel his life in some way? I recommend that this sentance be turned into a paragraph of its own and the connection between the masterpiece and the prince.

The notables who educated him as a list is only of mild interest. Are there some broad themes of the thought and teachings of these notables that elaborate on the events of John's life? Were his actions influenced them in a significant way? Or is it simply significant that he knew these famous people more intimately than most?

Erraunt 21:18, 25 August 2005 (UTC)

This passage is particularly troublesome to me:

"John's chronicler says that "Dom João III enthralled problems easily, complementing his lack of culture with a practice formation that he always showed during his reign" (António de Castilho, Elogio d'el-rei D. João de Portugal, terceiro, do nome)."

The quotation makes little sense to me. Was John "enthralled by problems" in that he found learning and intellectual challenges interesting and compelling? How is this compliment a lack of culture? Was it the other way around, in that problems engrossed him and he had difficulty working through them, so when he became King the number of administrative problems he faced overwhelmed him?

"practice formation" does not make sense to me either. To me "practice formation" would be something like an arrangement of items to see how things function as a group in a particular arrangement. Groping for alternate meanings "practice" could be "habitual activity" and "formation" a "development" and but that leaves me with "developed habits that complimented his lack of culture" and that seems strange. Can you help me understand so I could edit this? Erraunt 18:21, 26 August 2005 (UTC)

 * What I tried to say was that when facing a problem, John is said to have used practical klowledge rather than theories learned during his education. Please change it to a more undestandable quotation. Maybe "enthralled" could be changed to "faced". Thank's for the support Erraunt. Gameiro 22:22, 26 August 2005 (UTC)

I made a few minor edits to this section.

I am still having trouble with the quotation about his education.

"Dom João III faced problems easily, complementing his lack of culture with a practice formation that he always showed during his reign"

As you see I changed "enthralled" to faced, but I am very reluctant to do more as it is a quotation and I don't want to edit something that is quoted when I cannot read the original (regretably Portugese is not one of the languages at my disposal). Some thoughts to help in translating (assuming you have access to the original in Portugese):

 * "Enthralled" would still work. Something like "Dom João III found problems enthralling, ..." would make sense from what you say.

 * For the last half of the quotation I would suggest: " ... he balanced his lack of culture with pragmatism throughout his reign."

 * All together: "Dom João III found problems enthralling and carried this talent into his reign balancing his lack of culture with pragmatism." That's better but not quite *there*.

Could you send me the quotation in Portugese? While I can't read Portugese I may get enough sense from the common roots to help me.

I'm "worrying" on this quote as in articles it often seems that a quote or two can be the ray of light that reveals a theme and character. This quotation feels like it could be such. But it seems "out of character" with the rest of the article.

I'm also concerned about the phrase "religious fanaticism". It doesn't read like a neutral statement, rather judgemental. Further, from what I know of the history of that period, it sounds more like how a Protestant historian would describe him. Given his support of missions, the Jesuits, and the Inquisition, and that he was married into the Hapsburg line I'm surprised there isn't more included in the Article on his role in the Counter-Reformation (if he had one) as that seems like a serious theme of his life and reign.

That could earn him "fanatic" depending on his role. But in the quotation it sounds like he had a rather pragmatic leaning. Was his support of Roman Catholicism based on fanaticism or was he more pious than many of his day and seeing what was happening in the Germanies socially and politically, supported the Jesuits and the Inquisition as a means to political and social stability?

I read too in, I believe, the Encyclopedia Britannica on-line that he had some connection with Erasmus, but despite this still moved strongly into the Counter-Reformation camp. I think that would bear some mentioning. Erraunt 15:39, 29 August 2005 (UTC)

 * This keeps making no sense : "was educated by notables of the time, including the astrologer Tomás de Torres and Diogo de Ortiz, Bishop of Viseu. One of his teachers was Luís Teixeira, a humanist educated in Italy. John's chronicler said that "Dom João III faced problems easily, complementing his lack of culture with a practice formation ..."

 * If he was educated by notables of the time how did he have a lack of culture?Seems contradictory.

Featured article
This article has been completely edited, copyedited, peer reviewed and has been biography collaboration of the week. I believe it's now time for it to be a featured article candidate? I'll wait until the end of the month. If there is anything you'd like to see improved in the article please say/edit until Wednesday, August 28. Thanks everybody for the effort. Gameiro 00:02, 31 August 2005 (UTC)

 * I haven't looked through the "featured article" materials yet, but my impression is that it needs more work. The writing does not feel polished. I wish I had more time to devote to working on this, but life has other demands on me. Just my opinion but while I think it has improved and progressed it still feels rough. It is a good looking article, but I think it needs just a bit more "flesh" before submission. As I can I'll give input, but I don't have the time for the research myself. I do find it an interesting topic and like that it is coming from "outside" the usual lines of history and biography. Just working on this the little bit I have has opened my perspective considerably.

 * I note that earlier in the discussion there is some mention that most of the "royal biographies" are of English Kings and such and this article begins to balance that. I'm glad for that as I like diversity. However, I would take advantage of the English orientation of so many contributors and readers in the following way: if memory serves wasn't John III one of the ancestors of Philip II of Spain? And didn't Phillip have designs on marrying Mary or Elizabeth Tudor? If so that is a "hook" I would make more manifest in the article as a kind of "marketing" by putting in links to articles that might be more "travelled".

Erraunt 15:51, 29 August 2005 (UTC)

 * A small list of things that need to be done in order for this article to reach FAC status.

 * Avoid one sentence paragraphs, try combining them to make a 4-5 sentence paragraph.
 * You go straight from Early life, to Decline, you need another section. This can probably be done by taking information from various parts of the article and making a 1-2 paragraph overview.
 * Introduction, seems overlinked for size. There are two many blue links, its distracting, try moving them elswhere in the article where they are more appropriate.
 * The lead needs to be three decent size paragraphs. I'm not sure how difficult that will be but it needs to so that it conforms with Lead.
 * The red link Iberian Kingdoms needs to be linked somewhere, maybe here?
 * The use of quotes seems to be overly used. Try finding away around some of them. Falphin 21:06, 15 October 2005 (UTC)

still many errors in article
There are still many small errors of fact and interpretation in this article that need to be removed or corrected. In correcting the dynastic crisis section the image got lost or at least it no longer comes up when the final result is accessed. Someone who knows how should get this straightened out. There was no dynastic crisis during John's reign. That came only after Sebastian became king and failed to produce any offspring. See his entry for more information. The early Brazil material has also been corrected, more or less. The previous presentation was flawed. The whole article appears to have been done by people who can't read Portuguese or who, if they can, are not aware of the latest research. Someone who can read Portuguese should get the Paulo Braga biography and use it to correct the whole article. Make it accurate and up-to-date, something that it is not now.

The statement that the head of the Inquisition always came from the royal family is DEAD WRONG and a good example of the ignorant writers here who don't know what they are talking about. I will let the author of this howler correct it himself. There are others of the sort in the article.

Whoever wrote that Prince Joao, father of Sebastian, died of tuberculosis hasn't a clue. He died of juvenile (type I)diabetes. Sebastian was born on January 20th, 1554, the day of St. Sebastian, hence his name. See recent bio by Maria Augusta Lima Cruz. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 69.136.127.184 (talk) 21:31, 5 May 2009 (UTC)

decline nonsense
The Portuguese empire did not decline under João III. If the revenues from Asia declined those from Brazil were rising. In fact at his death Brazil was just beginning its sugar industry, an economic boom that created enormous wealth in Brazil. The nonsense about the decline needs to be removed.

 * Manuel I is normally called the peak of Portuguese power, and thus the reign of John III must be one of "decline". This would be a perspective which I would guess is mostly found in older works, and generalist ones. john k 13:32, 13 August 2006 (UTC)

Take a look at the info re the income coming to the Portuguese Crown during the 16th century from the empire. It is in Harold Johnson and Maria Beatriz da Silva, O Imperio Luso-Brasileiro, 1500-1620 in the series Nova Historia da Expansão Portuguesa, vol. 1. The Portuguese Empire was just getting started under Manuel I. How anyone could think that is the "peak" is bizarre. Your statement is additionally silly in that there is NO reason why, even if Manuel I's reign was the peak, that the next reign had to be one of "decline." It could just as well be one of stability or continued success. I suspect you don't even read Portuguese, are not an historian, and really have no grasp of the subject.

decline nonsense
More idiocy re the decline. The Portuguese empire was NOT a gold empire until the 18th century with the discovery of gold in Brazil. It was a PEPPER empire in the early 16th century. And the idea that João III "drained" the economy of the empire to build churches is plain silly. The Jesuits and the Inquisition had no real effect one way or the other on the economy of Portugal. I have no idea what ignorant people are writing this nonsense. I suspect they know little history, probably can't read Portuguese, and have no acquaintance with recent research. It would be better if they kept their silly and wrong ideas to themselves. The article is now such a mess it needs to be thrown out and completely rewritten by someone who knows his stuff.

"The Portuguese Empire under John III"
This section is not directly related to John III. It's about Portugal and Portuguese colonies and this article should focus on John III's life. He is barely mentioned in the whole section. I propose removal of the entire section or incorporating that text into History of Portugal. Surtsicna (talk) 20:04, 26 January 2009 (UTC)

John/João Discussion
An RfC/RM discussion has opened up on the talk page Talk:João VI of Portugal, about the spelling of the article title for King John/João VI, which will probably be relevant to this article. Should the name be spelled in Portuguese or in English? Please give your comments and opinions over there. Walrasiad (talk) 03:50, 13 January 2012 (UTC)

Nickname
I can't find an English language source for the claim introduced in rev836879313 that John III is nicknamed "o Colonizador". In particular, the Portuguese version of this article renders his nickname as "o Piedoso" (English: The Pious), not "o Colonizador". Can someone with subject matter knowledge fact-check this addition and consider introducing a source for those interested in the usage of this nickname? Suriname0 (talk) 17:08, 14 May 2020 (UTC)

Possible Google Books source for the claim that he was referred to as colonizer... Suriname0 (talk) 18:07, 14 May 2020 (UTC)

 * Can't find English source either. But I do see the "O Colonizador" is used in some Brazilian publications in the 20th C.  But in Portuguese publications he is consistently "O Piedoso", and has been for longer.  I guess it merely reflects how the two different nations have chosen to remember him.  Found one publication calling him "the Hypocrite". ;)  Walrasiad (talk) 21:47, 14 May 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:John III of Portugal


text:
Talk:Emergency vehicle

Colors
Generally, the vehicles will have fluorescent colors down the side, in the following color code: Other "official" color codes include the yellow and black as used by the UK's vehicle standards organization, the Vehicle and Operator Services Agency.
 * Fire engines - yellow and red
 * Ambulances - yellow and green
 * Police cars - yellow and blue
 * Tow Trucks - yellow and red

this sounds its specific to the UK, as I'm unaware of any standards like that in the US. It seems like our vehicles vary quite a bit based on locations, and I don't recall seeing many police cars with yellow, or ambulances with green. Could someone who knows better than I do fix it? -Mairi 17:18, 11 July 2005 (UTC)
 * That data is probably specific to a location. In fact since it relates to the articles that are already linked, why is it even here?  It should be in the vehicle articles if its really needed.  I'm going to look at it again after posting this comment and likely delete it from this article.  Vegaswikian 22:29, 22 September 2005 (UTC)

Equipment section
We really need a section here on equipment, and some general merging of information from the emergency vehicle equipment article, a much better and complete article. - Bennyboyz3000 03:28, 1 March 2007 (UTC)

Does police horses belong to EV?
http://www.nps.gov/uspp/images/img0085.jpg

 * No, they are not vehicles, they are animals. -- D ef en d er 9 11  ( Leave a message! ) 16:47, 9 August 2007 (UTC)

Necessity of this article
I've overhauled this article for the time being, in order to give it some structure and a bit more detail, but it is mostly repetition from other articles, and as such, i'm not convinced this article even needs to exist on its own, but should be split between Emergency service and Emergency vehicle equipment (which could then be moved here). Any thoughts? Owain.davies 19:00, 7 August 2007 (UTC)

Poor standard
"Some examples - - include" is extremely awful grammar. Why is Wikipedia utterly infested with this fetish with "include"? It is being massively over-used in almost every article! --88.194.238.107 (talk) 18:16, 4 August 2009 (UTC)

title: Talk:Emergency vehicle


text:
Hitachi SH-G1000

The Hitachi SH-G1000 was one of the first and largest smartphones. New units were available for purchase for about a year, beginning in August 2003. The G1000 featured a full QWERTY keyboard and a large 250x360x65546 TFT display. It was a single-band phone, carried by Sprint for use on their PCS 1xRTT data network, running the Pocket PC 2002 operating system and software and came with a USB cradle to sync with a computer. Sprint discontinued selling this phone with the popularity increase of Windows Mobile 2003, which the G1000 was not upgradable to. It featured, on top of all the features of Pocket PC 2002, an improved Today screen (similar to the Windows Mobile 5 Today screen, the Clearvue office viewer to view your Microsoft Office documents like they would appear on a desktop PC, and the Hitachi Data Backup application.

Features

 * Rotating camera
 * WAP viewer
 * Large color screen
 * MMC/SD expansion memory slot

Specifications

 * Processor: 400 MHz Intel Xscale
 * Camera: 640x480
 * Built-in memory: 32MB
 * Network: Sprint PCS CDMA 1900 MHz
 * Battery: Lithium-ion
 * Dimensions: 147 mm x 84 mm x 23 mm (5.8" x 3.3" x 0.9")
 * Weight: 238gm (8.4oz.)
 * FCC ID: ALBSH-G1000

title: Hitachi SH-G1000


text: Template:EB1911 poster

title: Template:EB1911 poster


text:
La Roche University

La Roche University is a private Catholic university in McCandless, Pennsylvania. It was founded in 1963 by the Sisters of Divine Providence and now sits on an 80 acre campus within the Diocese of Pittsburgh.

History
La Roche University was founded in 1963 as La Roche College by the Sisters of Divine Providence as a private college for religious sisters. It was named in honor of Stephanie Amelia la Roche von Starkenfels, the first Mother Superior of the Sisters of Divine Providence. The first president of the university was Sister Annunciata Sohl, C.D.P., who served until 1968. The college had begun to admit its first lay students by 1965. It continued to grow, and two years later, La Roche expanded beyond its leased space to construct the first building, the John J. Wright Library.

La Roche encountered financial difficulties soon after its founding. Although closing the college was considered, Sister de la Salle Mahler, C.D.P., president from 1969 to 1975, carried on. The Board amended its charter in 1970 to establish La Roche as an independent, coeducational Catholic institution, while also diversifying course offerings through an affiliation with the Art Institute of Pittsburgh. This partnership made available several new areas of study, including graphic and interior design, which count among the university's strongest programs today.

An enrollment boom made the construction of two new residence halls necessary in the mid-1970s. Under College President Sister Mary Joan Coultas, C.D.P. (1975–80), the college launched its first capital campaign in 1979, garnering enough to construct the Palumbo Science Center, which opened in 1980. During Divine Providence Sister Margaret Huber's eleven-year tenure as president beginning in 1981, the college continued to grow, marking its 25th anniversary in 1987 with the dedication of the $2.5 million-Zappala College Center. The Magdalen Chapel was added in 1990, and in 1993 the college opened the Kerr Fitness and Sports Center.

La Roche's sixth president, Monsignor William A. Kerr, was appointed in 1992 and focused his leadership on raising the college's visibility, while broadening academic, cultural and athletic programs. In 2004, the La Roche College Board of Trustees elected the college's seventh president, Sister Candace Introcaso, C.D.P. In March 2019, the Pennsylvania Department of Education approved the college's request to become La Roche University, a name change that went immediately into effect. Sister Candace died on May 22, 2023. Since, the University's Senior Vice President for Academic Affairs, Howard Ishiyama, has been serving as Interim President.

Athletics
La Roche University teams participate as a member of the National Collegiate Athletic Association's Division III. The Redhawks are a member of the Allegheny Mountain Collegiate Conference (AMCC). Men's sports include baseball, basketball, cross country, golf, lacrosse and soccer; while women's sports include basketball, cross country, soccer, softball, tennis and volleyball. La Roche University has won sixteen AMCC Conference Championships including Baseball (2012, 2014, 2015, 2016), Men's Basketball (2004, 2011), Softball (2000, 2001, 2002), Women's Basketball (2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016), and Women's Tennis (2012). The La Roche University Baseball team also became the first team in AMCC Conference history to win an NCAA Regional Championship after defeating Randolph Macon 4–3 in the NCAA Mideast Regional Championship on May 21, 2016. La Roche advanced to the NCAA Division III College World Series before falling to Keystone 5–4 in the National Semifinals. .The head coach for women's basketball is Kamela Gissendanner, one of the most successful coaches in the country with a record of 152–39.

Facilities
The John J. Wright Library was the first building constructed for the university, built in 1967 and renovated in the early 2000s. Two residence halls were built in the mid-1970s, and the university opened the Palumbo Science Center in 1980. The 1,200-seat Kerr Fitness & Sports Center opened in 1993 and has been updated throughout the years. Current athletic facilities include a baseball field, soccer field, softball field, aerobics room, dance studio, gymnasium, indoor track and a weight room. Tennis courts of any sort, and outdoor basketball courts, have both yet to be added to the campus. Residence halls were added and expanded upon in 1997 and 2003 with the dedication of Bold Hall and Bold Hall II. A classroom building introducing electronic classroom technology was added adjacent to the Zappala College Center in 2002.

Pacem In Terris Institute
Beginning in 1993, the Pacem In Terris Institute has brought students from conflict, post-conflict and developing regions of the world to study at La Roche. The program provides scholarships and assistance, to students from 21 different countries. The students are chosen by their countries on the basis of academic and personal potential, and promise to return to their homelands upon completion of their studies to work for peace and prosperity in their regions.

Notable members on the Board of the Institute are Kim Dae-jung, past president of the Republic of Korea; Queen Rania Al-Abdullah, first lady of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan; and Janet Museveni, first lady of the Republic of Uganda.

title: La Roche University


text:
User:DDerby/Flint River (Michigan)

The Flint River is a river in the thumb of Michigan, 142 mi (229 km) long, that flows through the city of Flint

Location
The Flint River drains 1332 sq mi (3450 km²) of Michigan, mostly in the counties of Lapeer, Genesee, Shiawassee, and Saginaw. It also drains parts of Oakland, Tuscola, and Sanilac.

The river is formed in Lapeer County near Columbiaville where the river's South Branch and North Branch come together. The river is supplemented by four major creeks, the Kearsley (draining the south and central portions of the east side of Genesee County), Thread (draining south central part of the county), Swartz (draining the Swartz Creek area), and Misteguay (draining the area near the northern section of the border of Genesee and Shiawassee Counties).

The river empties into the Shiawassee River in the Shiawassee National Wildlife Refuge near the city of Saginaw. Within the refuge, the Cass and Tittabawassee combine with the Shiawassee to form the Saginaw River. The Saginaw empties into the Saginaw Bay of Lake Huron.

Features along the Flint River
The river is dammed up near the village of Genesee to form the Holloway Reservoir, and again shortly afterward to form Mott Lake.

Once the river enters the city of Flint, it receives pollution from accidental sewage discharges and creeks contaminated by natural sources, as well as possibly being polluted by industrial sites.

In the city of Flint, the river flows past General Motors factories, and downtown through the campus of the University of Michigan-Flint. The Riverview Park is downtown, as well as a hotel and Kettering University.

Cities and villages along the river

 * Birch Run, Michigan
 * Flushing, Michigan
 * Flint, Michigan
 * Genesee, Michigan
 * Columbiaville, Michigan

title: User:DDerby/Flint River (Michigan)


text:
Acha

Acha or ACHA may refer to:

 * Acha, Coll, Scottish village
 * Acha (doll), a character in Namco's 1986 arcade game, Toy Pop
 * Acha (name), list of people with the name
 * Acha Mountain Fortress, an earthen fortress
 * General Acha, town in La Pampa Province, Argentina
 * American College Health Association
 * American Collegiate Hockey Association
 * A name for Digitaria exilis, a grass, a species of fonio

title: Acha


text:
Wikipedia:Featured article candidates/John III of Portugal/archive1

John III of Portugal
This candidate article is a fine work that needs just some adjustements because it was translated from Portuguese. The objective is to improve. --Joao Campos 17:19, 11 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Object.
 * Image:Lisbon 16thcentury.jpg, Image:Portuguese flag 1495.gif, Image:Portuguese elm.jpg, Image:Macau oldmap.jpg have no copyright information.
 * There are no references besides the 1911 Britannica.
 * --Carnildo 18:22, 11 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Refer to peer review. I'm sure the article has potential, but it has too many language problems to be ready for FAC. It needs a good copyedit, preferably by someone reasonably proficient in Portuguese, as there are a number of sentences that are hard to understand, e. g. The preparation for his sister's (Isabella, princess of Portugal) marriage with Charles V, made possible for John III to bold his alliance with the Emperor—what..? "Bold"? The paragraphs are too short throughout and need merging. Linking needs to address the readers' information needs (compare the linking of Emperor in the quoted sentence), there are formatting problems such as non-standard use of italics, and, well, as the nominator seems to be aware, the article needs a bit of a fixup altogether. Peer review is the place for that. Bishonen | talk 18:54, 11 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Object. It has potential but it should have gone to PR first, as Bishinen wrote. Still, while it is here, this is a list of things to fix: 1) add references, 2) format lead to 3 paras and ensure it is a good summary 3) this is serious: this is supposed to be a biography, yet the entire 'The_Empire' section looks like it should be moved to History of Portugal! It is history with John's quotations. Move quote to Wikiquote, copy relevant part to History... article, incorporate rest into the article in section like 'John's policies' or sth similar 4) ilinks are missing - better red then none. From first few paras, I'd like to read on: Maria of Aragon, Portuguese theatre, Tomás de Torres, D. Diogo Ortiz de Villegas, Luís Teixeira, António de Castilho, Isabella, princess of Portugal, Catherine of Austria... --Piotr Konieczny aka Prokonsul Piotrus Talk 19:44, 11 July 2005 (UTC)


text: Category:Herm

title: Category:Herm


text:
Agria

Agria (Αγριά) is a town and a former municipality in Magnesia, Thessaly, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Volos, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 25.227 km2. It lies on the Pelion peninsula about 7 km from Volos.

Name
There are some different opinions about the town's name. Some believe that the name comes from wild olive trees (Agrielies) (Αγριελιές), or a small plant named "Agriada" (Αγριάδα). A scholar named Patroklos Palamidas from the nearby village of Lechonia said that the name originated from an ancient temple, which existed in the region and was dedicated to Agrea Dimitra (Αγραία Δήμητρα).

Ottoman occupation (1423-1881)
During the Turkish occupation in Agria there were few settlements such as a hostel for caravans and a toll station. However, houses were built in the early 19th century, before the Revolution of 1821. It is a relatively new town (the community was established in 1912). The area formerly belonged to the villages of Drakia and Agios Laurentios, a port from which these and other villages distributed agricultural and craft products.

Economic growth

From 1809 - 1860 companies were created that exported local crafts and copper to Western Europe, Romania, and Russia.

Agria started to grow rapidly after the annexation of Thessaly from the Turks, and with the construction of a coastal road and rail network during 1895 that connected Volos to the southwestern villages of Pelion, which exported sea fruit, oil, and black olives from the bay.

In 1911 the cement plant A.G.E.T HERCULES (Α.Γ.Ε.Τ ΗΡΑΚΛΗΣ) was founded there. The plant occupies a natural harbor and is among the largest cement producers in Europe, Asia, and America.

In 1920 an English commercial paper stated that Agria was «the largest port in the world» with reference to their exports of olives and oil. Around two hundred thousand kilos (200 tons) of table olives are exported annually from Agria.

A new wave of residents moved to Agria in 1922 when refugees from Asia Minor, mainly Eastern Thrace, took shelter there after their expulsion from their home land.

20th century Agria saw population and industrial growth. The famous EPSA (ΕΨΑ) founded in 1924 by the Kosmadopoulos brothers, who owned a bank, built a refrigerated fruit and ice plant. The overproduction of lemons in the already developed movement of traditional lemonade from Asia Minor sellers, leading owners to recruit a German engineer for running drink bottling plant. The legend is the German engineer has discovered a rare recipe for the production of lemonade, recipe still used today is unchanged and the company's stock.

Other local businesses were founded and flourished then as the factories of packaging and trade of olives, the wood processing industry which was originally craft construction barrels and the modernization of the industry turned to woodworking and furniture at the same time. Other smaller companies also mostly oil warehouses - have begun to operate and attract people to Agria.

WWII Italian and German occupation (1941-1944)

From June 1941 until September 1943 the village was base for the Italian occupation forces. From October 1943 until September 1944 Agria was the home and base for operations of a company of the 4th Polizei Waffen SS field engineers, the 16th Coy SS Pz. Gren. Rgt 8. The commanders building still exists. It is a neoclassical house located at the center of Agria next to the church of Saint George (Agios Georgios).

Tourism
In the summer months it becomes a popular tourist destination. The large boulevard at Agria and at nearby Soutrali beach are good for swimming. The chapels of Timios Stavros, Panaghia Goritsa and Panaghia Tripa, built within the rocks, are remarkable for their beauty and simplicity. At the end of July exhibitions of popular art and local dances take place. Also in the middle of summer when there is a new moon there is a celebration in honor of the fishermen (psaradiki vradia) where fresh kakavia (traditional fish soup) is served. The area used to have many olive groves which, unfortunately enough, have now mainly been replaced by modern buildings.

Notable people

 * Vangelis (1943–2022), composer

title: Agria


text:
EEF

EEF or Eef may refer to:

People

 * Eef, pen name of Ethan Nicolle (fl. 1995–present), American comic illustrator and writer
 * Eef, nickname of Ifar Eef Barzelay (fl. 1991–present), Israeli-American musician
 * Eef, nickname of Evert Dolman (1946–1993), Danish cyclist
 * Eef, nickname of Ethan Nestor (fl. 2020–present), American internet persona

EEF

 * EEF (manufacturers' association), a British manufacturers' organisation
 * Early European Farmers, early Neolithic farmers who brought agriculture to Europe
 * Eastern Economic Forum, an international forum held each year in Vladivostok, Russia
 * Education Endowment Foundation, a British educational charity
 * Egypt Exploration Fund, a British archaeological organization
 * Egyptian Expeditionary Force, a British Empire force in World War I
 * enterprise environmental factor, a factor that originates from outside of the project or organization
 * Eukaryotic elongation factors
 * European Ecological Federation
 * European Equestrian Federation

title: EEF


text:
User talk:PROPHET JEHOVA

Thanks for experimenting with Wikipedia. Your test worked, and has been removed. Please use Sandbox for any other tests you want to do, since testing in articles will be removed quickly. Please see the welcome page if you would like to learn more about contributing to our encyclopedia. Thanks, – ABCD 17:22, 11 July 2005 (UTC)

You have been temporarily blocked from editing for vandalism of Wikipedia. If you wish to make useful contributions, you are welcome to come back after the block expires. – ABCD 17:23, 11 July 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:PROPHET JEHOVA


text: Template:Translation department

title: Template:Translation department