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Unit trust

A unit trust is a form of collective investment constituted under a trust deed. A unit trust pools investors' money into a single fund, which is managed by a fund manager. Unit trusts offer access to a wide range of investments, and depending on the trust, it may invest in securities such as shares, bonds, gilts,  and also properties, mortgage and cash equivalents. Those investing in the trust own "units", whose price is called the "net asset value" (NAV). The number of these units is not fixed and when more is invested in a unit trust (by investors opening accounts or adding to their accounts), more units are created.

In addition to the UK, trusts are found in Fiji, Ireland, the Isle of Man, Guernsey, Jersey, New Zealand, Australia, Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Namibia, South Africa, Singapore, Malaysia and Zimbabwe.

History
The first unit trust was launched in the UK in 1931 by M&G under the inspiration of Ian Fairbairn. The rationale behind the launch was to emulate the comparative robustness of US mutual funds through the 1929 Wall Street crash. The first trust called the 'First British Fixed Trust' held the shares of 24 leading companies in a fixed portfolio that was not changed for the fixed lifespan of 20 years. The trust was relaunched as the M&G General Trust and later renamed as the Blue Chip Fund.

By 1939 there were around 100 trusts in the UK, managing funds in the region of £80 million.

Different investment structures
There are a number of collective investment schemes — Unit Trust, Open-ended investment company, Mutual fund, Unit investment trust, Closed-end fund — with similar objectives and/or names, sometimes confused with each other. Variations include open-ended and closed-ended, business trust or management company/corporate structure, Actively managed or un-managed.

In the UK there are generally two types of open-ended, actively managed investment companies:
 * Unit Trusts - which are organized as a business trust where the legal owner of the underlying assets is the trustee and the investors/unit-holders are beneficiaries.  Unit Trusts have a "bid–offer spread", i.e. the investor pays more to buy units of the trust than they receive when they sell them—a difference that can vary and goes to the trust management as a profit.
 * Open-ended investment companies - which are legally companies, not trusts. They have a single price for both purchase and sale of units (no bid–offer spread), making them similar to European SICAVs and U.S. mutual funds.

In Western Europe there are

 * SICAV - (société d'investissement à capital variable) is an open-ended collective investment scheme common in Western Europe, especially Luxembourg, Switzerland, Italy, Spain, Belgium, Malta, France and the Czech Republic.
 * SICAF - (Société d'Investissement À Capital Fixe) is similar to a closed-end fund.

In the United States

 * Mutual funds - in the form of open-ended, actively managed funds have traditionally been a very popular form of collective investment. Like Unit Trusts, their investors are unit-holders, and there are not a finite number of units in issue. Units could be increased or decreased depending on the net sales and repurchase by existing unit holders.  Unlike Unit trusts they are limited liability companies where investors are like shareholders in a company. While open-ended mutual funds do not have a bid–offer spread, they may have "loads" (sale charges) and other fees  paid to fund management.
 * Closed-end funds - a collective investment model based on issuing a fixed number of shares which are not redeemable from the fund. Even more different from a unit trust, investors own shares rather than units. They buy and sell the shares on the stock market, rather than from the fund itself. New shares are not created by managers to meet demand from investors.
 * Exchange-traded funds (ETFs) - also traded in the market and not bought and redeemed from the fund, but unlike closed-end funds the price is not completely determined by the valuation of the market, and trades in a narrow range very close to its net asset value, because the structure of ETFs allows major market participants to redeem shares of an ETF for a "basket" of the fund's underlying assets. (More than US$2 trillion were invested in ETFs in the United States between when they were introduced in 1993 and 2015.)
 * Unit investment trust - an exchange-traded fund with a fixed (unmanaged) portfolio of securities and a fixed life-span before it liquidates and distributes its net asset value as proceeds to the unit-holders. Despite its similar name and being a trust, it differs from a unit trust in being closed-end, un-managed, and having a termination date.

Structure

 * Unitholders are the owners of trust property and the trustee administers the trust.
 * The trustee has a fiduciary duty to ensure that unit holders are treated equally.
 * The fund manager is appointed by the trustee to manage the investment of the trust assets.
 * The fund manager runs the trust for a management fee and sometimes for a performance fee.
 * Trust profits are either distributed to unitholders as income or reflected in the unit prices as capital gain if unrealised.
 * The trustee ensures the fund manager keeps to the fund's investment objective.
 * The trustee or fund manager can appoint a custodian to safeguard the trust assets.
 * The trustee is required to maintain a registry to allow the transaction of units.

Open-ended
Unit trusts are open-ended; the fund is equitably divided into units which vary in price in direct proportion to the variation in value of the fund's net asset value. Each time money is invested, new units are created to match the prevailing unit buying price; each time units are redeemed the assets sold match the prevailing unit selling price. In this way there is no supply or demand created for units and they remain a direct reflection of the underlying assets. Unit trust trades do not have any commission.

Bid–offer spread
The fund manager makes a profit in the difference between the purchase price of the unit or offer price and the sale value of units or the bid price. This difference is known as the bid–offer spread. The bid–offer spread will vary depending on the type of assets held and can be anything from a few basis points on very liquid assets like UK/US government bonds, to 5% or more on assets that are harder to buy and sell such as property. The trust deed often gives the manager the right to vary the bid–offer spread to reflect market conditions, with the purpose of allowing the manager to control liquidity. In some jurisdictions the bid–offer spread is referred to as the "bid–ask spread".

To cover the cost of running the investment portfolio the manager will collect an annual management charge or AMC. Typically this is 1 to 2 percent of the market value of the fund. In addition to the annual management charge, costs incurred in managing and dealing the underlying assets will often be borne by the trust. If this is the case, the provider will extract revenue equal to the AMC without incurring any expenses managing the fund. This makes the charges in such vehicles lack transparency.

Mechanics
In a unit trust, units are managed within what is known as the "Managers Box". The Box Manager of the fund will make a decision at each valuation point whether or not to Create (add) or to Liquidate (Remove) units based on the final net sales and redemptions prior to the next valuation point where the Fund is priced on a "Forward Basis", or at the actual valuation point where the fund is priced on an Historic basis. Forward pricing is the most common.

The underlying value of the assets is always directly represented by the total number of units issued multiplied by the unit price less the transaction or management fee charged and any other associated costs. Each fund has a specified investment objective to determine the management aims and limitations.

A unit is created when money is invested and cancelled when money is divested. The creation price and cancellation price do not always correspond with the offer and bid price. Subject to regulatory rules these prices are allowed to differ and relate to the highs and lows of the asset value throughout the day. The trading profits based on the difference between these two sets of prices are known as the box profits.

OEIC conversion
In the UK many unit trust managers have converted to open-ended investment companies (OEICs) in recent years. OEICs normally have a single price for purchase and sale, although recent regulatory change now permits dual pricing too, in line with unit trusts.

The motivation for conversion is often cited as a simplification and precursor to offering funds Europe-wide under EU rules.

More cynical observers may have noted that there is increased latitude to hide charges in the OEIC Dilution Adjustment (more commonly referred to as "Swinging Single Price") whilst maintaining the veneer of simplification.

Taxation
In the United States, unitholders of Unit Trust Funds are often treated as partners for tax purposes. Much like investments in MLPs, unitholders are typically issued a K-1 rather than a Form 1099 at the end of each tax year.

Ways to invest
In the UK, units can be bought direct from the fund manager, held through a nominee account or through an individual savings account (ISA). It is also possible to invest via fund platforms.

From 1 January 1987 to 5 April 1999 it was also possible to invest via a personal equity plan (PEP) however these were discontinued and all PEP accounts automatically became stocks and shares ISAs on 6 April 2008.

title: Unit trust


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The Temple of Elemental Evil (video game)

The Temple of Elemental Evil is a 2003 role-playing video game by Troika Games. It is a remake of the classic Dungeons & Dragons adventure The Temple of Elemental Evil using the 3.5 edition rules. This is the only computer role-playing game to take place in the Greyhawk campaign setting, and the first video game to implement the 3.5 edition rule set. The game was published by Atari, who then held the interactive rights of the Dungeons & Dragons franchise.

The Temple of Elemental Evil was released in autumn of 2003 and was criticized for stability issues and other bugs. The turn-based tactical combat, however, was generally thought to be implemented well, and is arguably the most faithful representation of the then-current tabletop role-playing game ("3.5e") rules in a video game.

Gameplay
The game focuses on a party of up to five player-controlled characters. These characters can be created by the player or can be one of the pre-made characters that come with the game. All, however, must be within one step of a party alignment. Any player-made characters are created in a 13-step process, but there is an option to let the game deal with most aspects of character creation for the player. At any time, the party can have up to three NPC followers, and all player characters can have a familiar and/or animal companion as allowed by class.

All characters have a screen that shows information pertaining to them. Five tabs—inventory, skills, feats, spells, and abilities—allow the player to manage equipment, change spell configurations, and compare character attributes. This screen also appears when the party is bartering with an NPC or looting a body, but clicking out of the inventory tab will eject the player from the interaction. Additionally, small portraits of the characters appear on the bottom of the screen, along with a small red bar showing remaining health and icons depicting any status conditions, such as level drain, blessings, or paralysis.

The characters are controlled via radial menus. After selecting a character, the player right clicks to open a circular menu. From there, hovering over wedges brings out more options, such as specific spells, actions, or inventory items. The main radial menu, which encircles a picture of the character selected, has up to six sections, the number being based on class abilities. Specific actions are color-coded based on the type of action they are.

Characters can use their skills throughout the game by selecting them on the radial menu. To pick another character's pocket, the player would select a character with the Sleight of Hand skill, left-click on the skill from the radial menu, and left click on the victim. Dialog skills, such as Intimidate and Gather Information, appear as options in dialog with an icon denoting the skill being used. Skills are increased every level at a rate derived from the character's class and Intelligence.

Combat is turn-based, with characters going individually based on their initiative. Each character can make five types of actions: free, no, full-round, move, and standard. Characters can take a move action and a standard action each turn. Full-round actions count as a use of both actions. Free actions take a negligible amount of time to perform, so they count as neither actions. No actions also count for neither actions, but they require special circumstances in order to be performed. Characters can choose special attacks to perform or spells to cast, and they can also choose to attack or cast in specific ways. Defensive casting and fighting, dealing non-lethal damage, tripping an opponent, and coup de graces are examples of particular actions in combat. Characters have a set yet semi-random number of hit points based on their level, class, and Constitution score. Upon being reduced to zero hit points, a character is staggered, and a full round action will cost him or her one hit point. A creature with hit points between −1 and −9 is unconscious, and loses one hit point a round. The character has a 10% chance of stabilizing, which will stop the loss of hit points but will keep the character unconscious. Other characters can stop this loss of life through a successful heal check. If a character or creature reaches −10 hit points, it dies.

Although most of the main rules from 3.5 edition of Dungeons & Dragons are implemented, there are several exceptions. Some of them, such as applying a bonus to AC from the Dodge feat, are simplified to streamline play. Others, such as not letting prone characters attack, are implemented to reduce the number of required animations. The structure of the engine is also utilized, allowing encumbered characters to move at 3/4 their maximum rate, even if the resulting speed is not a whole number. Certain abilities, including Barbarian Rage, are modified to better flow with the game. A hybridization of some rules also occurred; the spell Doom is modified to reflect the first printing of the Player's Handbook, and weapon sizes are a blend of 3 and 3.5 editions. The game also has two difficulty levels, Normal and Ironman, with the latter intended to more closely mimic the paper-and-pencil game.

Plot
Thirteen years before the start of the game, Hommlet was a peaceful town. Due to low taxes and safe roads, the area became prosperous, and the village flourished. This prosperity drew the attention of evil forces, who began slowly trickling into the area. It is not known where these forces came from, but the Dyvers of Nyr Dyv and the inhabitants of the forestlands of the Wild Coast were the chief suspects. As the presence of bandits, kobolds, and goblins increased, a local militia led by Waldgraf of Ostverk was raised to defend Hommlet. This only served to check the evil forces, however.

Six miles from Hommlet, a group of hovels formed a center for the evil activity. The locals ignored this threat since it was in the marshes, and Nulb began growing. A small chapel built to an evil god grew into a stone structure as the evil forces pillaged and robbed the lands around Hommlet. For three years the Temple of Elemental Evil served as a center for the swarms of vile creatures who plagued Hommlet. As the evil grew in power, the land around the Temple suffered from pestilence, famine, and a lack of commerce.

The leaders of the Temple grew too power-hungry, and they were defeated in the Battle of Emridy Meadows after challenging the kingdoms of the north. The evil forces were slaughtered, and their mighty Temple was destroyed and sealed with magic and blessings. In the years that followed, Hommlet became a destination for adventurers, who brought wealth to the city and returned the area to its peaceful origins. Eventually, adventurers stopped coming, and the village went back to life as usual. A year before the start of the game, bandits once again began trickling into the region, and the villagers appealed to the Lord, the Viscount of Verbobonc, for aid. He responded by providing funds for Burne and Rufus, two well-known adventurers from the area, to build a keep just outside Hommlet.

Story
The game begins with an opening vignette that is determined by the alignment of the party. All of these require the player to start in the town of Hommlet. After arriving in town and completing minor quests for the townsfolk, the player is directed to the moathouse, a small, fortified outpost to the east. The moathouse is home to bandits, and the player is asked to clear them out. However, in the dungeons of the moathouse, the player encounters a large force of bugbears led by an ogre named Lubash and a priest of the Temple of Elemental Evil, Lareth the Beautiful.

After defeating Lareth, the player can then go to either the Temple itself, or to Nulb, a town in the swamplands nearby. If the player goes to Nulb, many of the citizens will talk of the Temple. Spies for the Temple are living in the town, and the player can gain passage into the heart of the Temple by pretending to be interested in joining. The Temple is divided into four factions: Earth, Air, Water, and Fire Temples. Each Temple is at war with the other three in a perpetual struggle for supremacy. The player is asked by all four to provide assistance, and can gain access to Hedrak, the leader of the Temple of Elemental Evil, by performing quests for the sub-Temples. Most of the sub-Temples require the player to kill a leader of an opposing Temple to gain access to Hedrak.

Upon meeting Hedrak, the player has two options: kill him, or accept his quest. If the player accepts the quest, which is to kill Scoorp the Hill giant, Hedrak will make the player a part of the Temple of Elemental Evil, thus ending the game. If the player kills Hedrak, the way to four nodes of elemental power will be available. Inside each of these nodes is a gem. These gems can be inserted into the Orb of Golden Death, which is hidden inside the Temple, to form a powerful artifact. Deep inside the Temple, the player must then deal with Zuggtmoy, the Demoness Lady of fungus. The player can, based on choices made, fight Zuggtmoy, fight a weaker version of Zuggtmoy, or avoid a fight altogether. This can lead to one of three endings if the player succeeds: Zuggtmoy is banished for 66 years, Zuggtmoy is destroyed permanently, or Zuggtmoy lives on, but the player is well rewarded.

Development
The Temple of Elemental Evil was intended as re-creation of the classic Dungeons & Dragons module of the same name. The publisher was Atari, who then held the interactive rights to the Dungeons & Dragons franchise. Its developer was Troika Games, who began the project on February 1, 2002, with a development team of 14 people. The game was first announced in January 2003, under the title Greyhawk: The Temple of Elemental Evil. It was developed with an enhanced version of the Arcanum: Of Steamworks and Magick Obscura game engine.

Originally the designers intended to use the Dungeons & Dragons 3.0 edition rule set, but decided in mid-development to use the 3.5 edition rule set instead. In order to complete this adaptation, Atari gave Troika an additional two months of development time, extending their deadline to August 1, but the game was not completed until August 30. Some of the reasons for this included the need for extensive testing and the creation of unique play experiences for characters of different alignments. The game went gold on September 4, 2003, 19 days before it was originally intended to be shipped.

Reception
With sales of 128,000 copies and revenues of $5.2 million by February 2005, The Temple of Elemental Evil was less commercially successful than Arcanum, Troika Games' previous release. GameDaily characterized both games' commercial performances as substandard, and as contributing factors to Troika's closure in 2005. The Temple of Elemental Evil's critical reception was "mixed or average", according to the review aggregation website Metacritic.

The game was reviewed in 2004 in Dragon #321 by Clifford Horowitz in the "Silicon Sorcery" column. Horowitz comments that The Temple of Elemental Evil is a classic Dungeons & Dragons game as the players can get.

PC Gamer's Desslock called it "a game by D&D fans and for D&D fans", and that it provides all RPG fans with the opportunity to experience one of the genre's classic adventures. GameSpot's Greg Kasavin echoed those sentiments and gave the game a 7.9 out of 10. Jamie Madigan of GameSpy gave the game four out of five stars, but he made note of a lack of multiplayer options. Tal Blevins of IGN gave it a 7.5 score. GameZone gave an 8.4 out of 10, saying that the fans of D&D-based RPGs should have it in their collection. John Breeden II of The Washington Post complimented the game's graphics, particularly the animated scenery, and also said that "[m]onsters appear suitably gruesome". According to GameSpy, players who persevered were rewarded with an ultimately fun and satisfying experience, but not the mind-blowing one they had hoped for.

Adam Fleet of Computer Games Magazine wrote that the game in its current state is a testament to just how good this game could have been, as well as the barren state of the current RPG landscape in general.

In 2004, the Academy of Interactive Arts & Sciences nominated The Temple of Elemental Evil for Computer Role-Playing Game of the Year, but was ultimately awarded to Star Wars: Knights of the Old Republic. It was also a finalist in RPG Vault's special award categories for audio design and art direction that year. However, the game did receive Computer Games Magazine's special "Raid™ Post-patch Recovery Award" and GameSpy's "Old School RPG Award" for 2003. The latter publication's editors wrote that no other game brought back memories of the old pen-and-paper Dungeons & Dragons days the way Temple of Elemental Evil did.

Controversy
Upon its release, The Temple of Elemental Evil created a small stir due to the availability of the option for a male character to enter a same-sex marriage. In the town of Nulb, a pirate named Bertram begins flirting with male characters in the party and offers a lifetime of love and happiness in exchange for his freedom. This relationship was noted as another example of video games "pushing the boundaries" by The Guardian. Game developers and publishers generally did not object to the inclusion of a homosexual story option. Criticism of the relationship came primarily from gamers who felt that gay characters should not be included in video games. Industry observer Matthew D. Barton commented on the irony of so-called "geeky gamers", subject to stereotyping themselves, stereotyping gays in their opposition. Producer Tom Decker defended the move, saying in an interview with RPG Vault: "I particularly felt strongly that since we had several heterosexual marriages available in Hommlet, we should include at least one homosexual encounter in the game and not to make it a stereotyped, over the top situation, but on par with the other relationships available in the game". Bertram was named #6 on GayGamer.net's Top 20 Gayest Video Game Characters.

Legacy
As the release version of the game had many bugs, Troika released three patches which addressed some of the problems. After the closure of the developer and consequent end of official support, the game community took up the patching efforts with community-made patches and mods, providing many bugfixes, improvements, and new content. Another improvement released in 2015 is a recreated game engine called Temple+, similar in functionality to OpenMW for Morrowind and built using Python, allowing for increased flexibility and avoidance of legacy coding limitations and issues.

The game was re-released by GOG.com, a digital distributor, on October 13, 2010. Ian Williams of Paste rated the game #6 on his list of "The 10 Greatest Dungeons and Dragons Videogames" in 2015.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


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The Washington Institute for Near East Policy

The Washington Institute for Near East Policy (WINEP or TWI, also known simply as The Washington Institute) is a pro-Israel American think tank based in Washington, D.C.,                focused on the foreign policy of the United States in the Near East.

WINEP was established in 1985 with the support of the American Israel Public Affairs Committee (AIPAC) and the funding of many AIPAC donors, in order to provide higher quality research than AIPAC's publications. John Mearsheimer and Stephen Walt described WINEP as "part of the core" of the Israel lobby in the United States.

Background
WINEP was founded in 1985 by Barbi Weinberg of Los Angeles, CA. Martin Indyk, an Australian-trained academic and former deputy director of research for AIPAC, was the first executive director. Indyk described the think tank as "friendly to Israel but doing credible research on the Middle East in a realistic and balanced way." The research was thus designed to be more independent and academic-quality. At the time it was founded, the institute's research focused on Arab–Israeli relations, political and security issues, and overall U.S. Middle East policy. In the 1990s, prompted by the collapse of the Soviet Union, the Persian Gulf War, and changes in regional strategy, the institute expanded its research agenda to "focus on Turkey and the rise of Islamic politics." It was during the Gulf War that the institute gained public recognition as a source for commentary and analysis. By 1992, it had a staff of 12–15 in-house research fellows, in addition to visiting scholars and support staff. Under Indyk's leadership, the institute gained notability as a center for the study and discussion of Middle East policy, and attracted Arab intellectuals to its events. Indyk would go on to serve in several U.S. diplomatic posts including U.S. ambassador to Israel, special envoy for Israeli–Palestinian negotiations, special assistant to President Clinton and senior director for Near East and South Asian affairs at the National Security Council and assistant secretary of state for Near Eastern affairs. Indyk is currently vice president and director of the Foreign Policy Program at the Brookings Institution.

In addition to ongoing research, TWI has provided in-depth analysis at key inflection points in Middle East policy, such as during presidential election years. Beginning in 1988, the institute convened bipartisan Presidential Study Groups that have offered policy papers for incoming administrations of either party. The inaugural PSG document informed the policy of the George H. W. Bush administration toward the Middle East peace process. The institute has earned a reputation for solid scholarship, is committed to the peace process, and is a "staunch supporter of Israel" — a relationship with which it believes advances U.S. security interests. It has bipartisan support in the US, though it is closer ideologically to the Democratic Party and generally opposes neoconservative policy.

After the takeover of areas of Iraq by the Sunni militant group Daesh (ISIL) in 2014, The New York Times reported that Institute Lafer Fellow Michael Knights had alerted the U.S. National Security Council as early as 2012 to the rising level of insurgency among Iraq's Sunni minority. White House officials questioned his statistics and did not take action.

The institute has been a forum for the discussion of key issues in U.S. policy toward Saudi Arabia. In May 2016, it hosted the former Saudi intelligence chief, Prince Turki bin Faisal al Saud, alongside IDF Maj. Gen. (res.) Yaakov Amidror, a former national security adviser to Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, in a rare joint public appearance. Two years later, Dr. Mohammad Al-Issa, secretary-general of the Muslim World League, addressed the institute and advocated a more moderate and tolerant Islam. Dissident Saudi journalist Jamal Khashoggi participated in an institute forum in November 2016 in which he stated that Saudi Arabia should be "rightfully nervous about the Trump presidency," according to The Economist. The magazine reported that Saudi authorities asked Khashoggi to stop writing after the institute appearance but the journalist chose to live in exile instead. He was assassinated in Istanbul in 2018 while visiting the Saudi consulate.

Activities
The Washington Institute is considered an academic think tank (akin to the Brookings Institution and Public Policy Institute of California), staffed largely by researchers holding doctorate degrees and generally not having a mission affiliated with a particular ideology, as opposed to an advocacy think tank, which is staffed by individuals with strong ideological leanings. Academic think tanks focus on producing extensive research reports and books, whereas advocacy think tanks focus on marketing their ideas with condensed materials. Think tanks of all types typically also organize conferences, provide briefings to legislative committee staff, and testify as policy experts.

The Washington Institute accesses the policy process from many angles: the written word, the spoken word, and personal contact. Institute experts research the region and brief officials in all branches of the U.S. government, both civilian and military. In addition to producing printed long-form monographs, the institute issues time-sensitive policy briefs which are distributed electronically by e-mail and social media. A Chicago Tribune editorial declared that institute-sponsored polls bring to light trends in popular thinking across the Middle East.

While the institute frequently hosts off-the-record events with policymakers and scholars, its policy forums are public events featuring newsmakers and analysts that are attended by officials and journalists and are broadcast live on-line. The institute also holds an annual policy conference that convenes policymakers, journalists and diplomats in Washington, D.C., for in-depth discussion and debate on the key Middle East issues facing the United States.

Institute scholars are public intellectuals who share their analysis frequently in major print and broadcast outlets. All institute output is available through its website in both English and Arabic.

In addition to its permanent resident fellows—a group of experienced policymakers from government and academia—the institute also hosts visiting fellows from around the world. Visiting fellows include both young people beginning their foreign policy careers and veterans who take advantage of a year in Washington, D.C., to study the Middle East from an American vantage point. In cooperation with the Army, Navy, Air Force, and State Department, WINEP offers one-year fellowships that enable rising officers to immerse themselves in the geopolitics of the Middle East and the process of Washington policymaking. The institute also supports a program for research assistants and interns that provides foreign policy experience for undergraduates and recent college graduates. Several institute alumni now hold positions in the government, military, and academia internationally.

The institute's Scholar-Statesman Award honors individuals "whose public service and professional achievements exemplify sound scholarship and a discerning knowledge of history." Recipients have included former U.S. President Bill Clinton, former British Prime Minister Tony Blair, former U.S. Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice, and former CIA directors Michael Hayden and George Tenet.

Despite its pro-Israel tilt, the institute hosted former senior military officials from the U.S., Turkey, Iraq, and Jordan in the 2010s.

Reception
M.J. Rosenberg criticized the organization on Al Jazeera for having strong ties to the pro-Israel lobbying group AIPAC and for being founded by a former AIPAC employee.

In a December 2003 interview on Al Jazeera, Rashid Khalidi, a Palestinian-American professor and director of Columbia University's Middle East Institute, sharply criticized WINEP, stating that it is "the fiercest of the enemies of the Arabs and the Muslims", and describing it as the "most important Zionist propaganda tool in the United States." In response, Martin Kramer, the editor of the Middle East Quarterly and a visiting fellow at WINEP, defended the group, saying that it is "run by Americans, and accepts funds only from American sources," and that it was "outrageous" for Khalidi to denounce Arabs that visited WINEP as "blundering dupes."

John Mearsheimer, a University of Chicago political science professor, and Stephen Walt, academic dean at Harvard Kennedy School at Harvard University, describe it as "part of the core" of the pro-Israeli lobby in the United States. Discussing the group in their book, The Israel Lobby and US Foreign Policy, Mearsheimer and Walt write: "Although WINEP plays down its links to Israel and claims that it provides a 'balanced and realistic' perspective on Middle East issues, this is not the case. In fact, WINEP is funded and run by individuals who are deeply committed to advancing Israel's agenda ... Many of its personnel are genuine scholars or experienced former officials, but they are hardly neutral observers on most Middle East issues and there is little diversity of views within WINEP's ranks.'"

In 2011 WINEP Executive Director Robert Satloff criticized the New York Times' identification of the organization as pro-Israel, saying the moniker "projects two false impressions—first, that the institute does not value American interests above special pleading for a foreign power and second, that the institute must be 'anti' others in the region (Palestinians, Arabs)."

In a 2014 study conducted by the University of Pennsylvania's Lauder Institute, of all think tanks worldwide, the Washington Institute was ranked 42nd on "Best Transdisciplinary Research Program at a Think Tank" and 42nd on "Think Tanks with Outstanding Policy-Oriented Public Programs".

Notable current and former scholars
Several current and former members of WINEP have served in senior positions in the administrations of presidents George H. W. Bush, Bill Clinton, George W. Bush, Barack Obama and Donald Trump.

Board of Advisors
As of December 12, 2018, the Washington Institute's advisory board included:
 * John R. Allen, General, United States Marine Corps (ret.)
 * Howard Berman, former Member of Congress
 * Eliot Cohen, Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies
 * Birch Evans "Evan" Bayh III, former United States Senator
 * Henry Kissinger, former Secretary of State
 * Joseph Lieberman, former United States Senator
 * Edward Luttwak, senior associate at the Center for Strategic and International Studies
 * Michael Mandelbaum, director of the American Foreign Policy program at the Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies
 * Robert McFarlane, former National Security Advisor
 * Martin Peretz, former editor-in-chief of The New Republic
 * Richard Perle, former Assistant Secretary of Defense
 * Condoleezza Rice, former Secretary of State
 * James Roche, former Secretary of the Air Force
 * George Shultz, former Secretary of State
 * James G. Stavridis, Admiral, United States Navy (ret.), former Supreme Allied Commander
 * R. James Woolsey, former Director of Central Intelligence
 * Mortimer Zuckerman, publisher of U.S. News & World Report

Previous board members
 * Warren Christopher (1925–2011), former Secretary of State
 * Lawrence S. Eagleburger (1930–2011), former Secretary of State
 * Max Kampelman (1920–2013), former American diplomat
 * Samuel W. Lewis (1930–2014), former United States Ambassador to Israel


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Matagalpa language

Matagalpa is an extinct Misumalpan language formerly spoken in the central highlands of Nicaragua. The language became extinct in the 19th century, and only few short wordlists remain. It was closely related to Cacaopera. The ethnic group, which numbers about 20,000, now speaks Spanish.

title: Matagalpa language


text: User talk:84.175.133.179

title: User talk:84.175.133.179


text: Talk:Matthew 2:2

title: Talk:Matthew 2:2


text:
William Robert Morrison

William Morrison,, (April 20, 1878 - March 16, 1947) was Mayor of Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, from 1935 to 1943.

First serving as a lawyer and, later, a Crown Prosecutor, Morrison was first elected as an alderman for Ward 2 in 1921. He was re-elected in 1922. Two years later, he secured a seat on the Board of Control. He was elected in a by-election in 1928 as the Conservative Party Member of Provincial Parliament for Hamilton East. He was re-elected in 1929, and served until he was defeated in 1934. During his time with the Conservatives he nominated Colonel George Drew as leader of the party.

He returned to Hamilton and was elected mayor in 1935, a position in which he served until 1943. He was elected (annually) eight times, a record to that date. He served as President of the Ontario Mayors' Association and was a member of the Dominion Mayors' Association. He married Lucy Musson Weir, and had one son, William Robert Morrison, (1912–1983), who became a provincial court judge in Hamilton. His grandson, William R. Morrison, is a Canadian historian.

title: William Robert Morrison


text: Talk:William Robert Morrison

title: Talk:William Robert Morrison


text: Talk:Matthew 2:3

title: Talk:Matthew 2:3


text:
Talk:Prevention of Terrorism Act 2005

Just reverted some NPOV vandalism:
 * UPDATED: The bombings in London on July 18th are likely a plot by Blair's government to force through more draconian measures against brown people.

which was placed at the top of the page. RishiAggarwal 14:11, 22 July 2005 (UTC)

Weasel terms and a euphamism?
From the article: "which in some cases may derogate (opt out) from human rights laws."

Shouldn't that be "which is contrary to human rights laws"? Ojw 21:16, 16 October 2005 (UTC)

No. 'derogate' is a legal term, referring in this case to Article 15 of the European Convention on Human Rights, which allow a country to derogation from certain human rights in times of emergency (althiugh the decision to derogate is still subject to challenge, as it was successfully in the Belmarsh case). Although no derogation is currently in force, the 2005 Act allows for more restrictive control orders to be made if a derogation is in place. 81.76.121.252 19:45, 3 February 2006 (UTC)

What's the Bill that Blair was just defeated on called?
We should have an article and see also it here. --bodnotbod 17:18, 10 November 2005 (UTC)

It's called the Terrorism Bill and it already has a seperate article.81.77.146.17 00:12, 15 February 2006 (UTC)

If someone has the time...
There's a bunch of material that can be included re the annual renewal debates in February 2006:
 * Lord Carlile's report (available on the Home Office website);
 * Report of the parliamentary Joint Committee on Human Rights(released 14 February and available on the Committee's home page);
 * briefings by Liberty and JUSTICE;
 * link to Hansard for the renewal debates on 15 February 2006;
 * link to the text of the draft statutory instrument.

Affront to justice?
"In April 2006, a High Court judge issued a declaration that section 3 of the Act was incompatible with the right to a fair trial under article 6 of the European Convention on Human Rights. The Act was described by Mr Justice Sullivan as an 'affront to justice'"

Can we have some citation for this?

Hypnoticmonkey (talk) 15:51, 8 June 2008 (UTC)
 * A citation has now been added. Road Wizard (talk) 16:58, 8 June 2008 (UTC)

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Constitutional crisis
The section describing the remarkable parliamentary ping-pong calls it a "constitutional crisis". This is nonsense. An impasse was avoided and the bill ultimately passed under the ordinary process, albeit in a single, very long day. No source is cited describing it as such and it is not listed at Constitutional crisis. Hairy Dude (talk) 13:21, 23 October 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:Prevention of Terrorism Act 2005


text:
Caprese

Caprese may refer to:

Adjective

 * Something of or pertaining to Capri

Places

 * Caprese Michelangelo, a village in Tuscany

Food

 * Caprese salad, a salad of mozzarella cheese, tomatoes, and basil
 * Torta caprese, a traditional Italian chocolate, and almond or walnut, cake

title: Caprese


text:
Guglielmo Caccia

Guglielmo Caccia called il Moncalvo (9 May 1568 – 1625) was an Italian painter of sacred subjects in a Mannerist style.

Biography
He was born in Montabone near Acqui. He is said to have been a pupil of Lorenzo Sabbatini. He started painting in Milan, then worked in Pavia, where he was made a citizen. He also painted in Novara, Vercelli, Alessandria, and Turin, and Genoa.

His best work, Deposition from the Cross, is at the church of San Gaudenzio, Novara. He also painted for the cupola of the dome of San Paolo in Novara. He painted for the Church of the Conventuali in Moncalvo. He painted a St. Anthony Abbot with St Paul for the church of Sant'Antonio Abate in Milan. He painted in the Sacro Monte di Crea. He was a collaborator in some works with Gaudenzio Ferrari. Daniele Crespi and Giorgio Alberino were among his pupils, as was his daughter, Orsola. He painted in oil a St. Peter for the Chiesa della Croce, St. Theresa for the church of the Trinity, both in Turin, and a Deposition for the church of San Gaudenzio at Novara. At Moncalvo, the church of the Conventuali has numerous works by him; at the church of San Domenico, Chieri, he painted the Raising of Lazarus and the Miracle of the Loaves. He painted frescoes in the church of Confraternity of San Michele in Casale.

Among his pupils was Francesco Fea.

title: Guglielmo Caccia


text:
Category:Birmingham City F.C. players

This is a category for Birmingham City F.C. players past and present. This includes players who played for the club under its previous names: Small Heath Alliance (1875–1888), Small Heath (1888–1905) and Birmingham (1905–1943).

title: Category:Birmingham City F.C. players


text: Talk:Matthew 2:4

title: Talk:Matthew 2:4


text:
Talk:Flying Columns

Flying columns were around long before the IRA. --DanielCD 14:11, 22 July 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Flying Columns


text:
Oscar Jimenez (comics)

Óscar Jiménez is a Spanish comic book artist, penciller and inker.

Career
Jimenez started out in 1993 inking Carlos Pacheco's pencils at Marvel UK and rapidly became well known in the American comic industry for his art on titles such as The Flash, JLA and Contest of Champions II. He commenced work on Avataars: Covenant of the Shield but, according to editor Tom Brevoort, "Oscar Jimenez fell apart halfway through the project, requiring us to bring in other diverse hands to finsih [sic] it up."

The artist has recently returned to mainstream American comics work under the pseudonym Juan Barranco, filling in on Squadron Supreme. He is currently doing work on Avatar's Gravel series as well as Chronicles of Wormwood: The Last Battle, a mini-series being written by Garth Ennis.

title: Oscar Jimenez (comics)


text:
Talk:Health and Safety Executive

HSE is also a generally accepted term in business refering to "Health, Safety and Environment." Companies have extensive policy and staff to ensure the safety and health of their employees, the customers, other people and the environment. This ranges from seeming trivial things like dietary instruction and ergonomics to regulating the types of personal protective equipment (PPE) that must be worn to the procedures to report near-misses, etc.

This topic needs to be covered in a separate article. Brandon 14:11, 22 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Well create Health, Safety and Environment then, and make HSE a disambiguation page. This is, however, no reason to split Health and Safety Executive. -- Arwel 17:35, 22 July 2005 (UTC)

Rfdparker2002 (talk) 09:16, 24 August 2008 (UTC) This article really needs a criticism or controversy section, as there is a large proportion of the British public who believe that Health & Safety laws/regulations in the UK have become 'over-the-top'. It doesn't take too much searching to find many articles and opinions to back this. This seems to be part of the wider dislike of the perceived 'blame culture' that a proportion of the British public believe is being imported from foreign countries; this is related to the rise of "Injured at work?"-style advertisements for personal injury lawyers.

You perhaps try working for someone who doesn't observe basic food hygiene rules to understand that most of these stories are idiotic drivel made up to sell newspapers. Plus, Wikipedia is not an opinion site, it is an encyclopaedia. Lstanley1979 (talk) 12:02, 6 July 2009 (UTC)

This article is about the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) not about health and safety. In addition the HSE do not make the laws. Also they and are not the regulatory body for large sections of commerce and catering in the UK; the local environmental health cover this. The HSE provide documents and codes of practice (mostly free) to help explain the laws and how best to comply. The article and comments appear not to be balanced or accurate. Sidpickle (talk) 09:17, 30 November 2011 (UTC)

POV tag
I have added a POV tag as this article is not neutral. This body is perhaps the most widely ridiculed in British public life, yet there is not a hint at its controversial nature in this article. Abberley2 (talk) 18:31, 11 December 2008 (UTC)
 * . Or to be less brusque, there's plenty of elfandsafetygonemad stories in the media, but how many of them are specifically about the HSE, rather than the general topic of health and safety? Oldelpaso (talk) 10:00, 12 December 2008 (UTC)

The HSE is not controversial. The only controversies are compiled by people who don't understand what the HSE does to protect people (like myself) from unscrupulous employers. Ergo, there is no need on Wikipedia for a list of the inane stories that come out about it because these are readily available elsewhere. Lstanley1979 (talk) 12:00, 6 July 2009 (UTC)

The HSE is definitely controversial. The only people who don't think it are controversial are the people who work for it. Ignoring a huge part of the concept of the entity on the wikipedia page is ignoring the point of the entry. I have added the POV tag. --Aliwalla (talk) 14:50, 18 November 2009 (UTC)

I am re-adding the POV tag. Perhaps the complainers simply don't understand, but the mere fact of their existence makes the HSE controversial. And it is just because these stories are so widely available elsewhere that there should be reference to them here. As Abberley2 points out, this is probably the most widely ridiculed body in British public life, and whether or not the ridicule is justified, this controversy needs to be mentioned. Salim555 (talk) 17:10, 18 December 2010 (UTC)
 * Your addition is generally reasonable, but I removed two of the references as they didn't mention the HSE at all. Oldelpaso (talk) 14:57, 19 December 2010 (UTC)
 * Hi Oldelpaso. I'm aware that those links didn't mention the HSE by name, but they referred to the regulations which the HSE has created. I'm grateful for your help, but would you mind bringing in some additional references of your own, instead of merely deleting? — Preceding unsigned comment added by Salim555 (talk • contribs) 15:05, 19 December 2010 (UTC)

I've added a criticism section. Please do improve on it where you can. I'm leaving the NPOV tag up for now, until there's some consensus that the criticism section is fair. Comments welcome! Salim555 (talk) 15:15, 19 December 2010 (UTC)
 * By their very nature, criticism sections are something that need to be handled carefully. Synthesis of sources is an easy trap to fall into. we need to stick exactly to what the source says, and we need to make sure the sources used are reliable. It a big jump from the quote "We seem to have allowed [ourselves] to get into a position where we get the blame for things for which we are not responsible" to "However, the HSE denies this, saying that much of the criticism is misplaced because it relates to matters outside the HSE's remit". Likewise we can't put "most criticism of the HSE is that their regulations are over-broad, suffocating, and part of a nanny state" when the reference uses neither "over-broad" nor "suffocating". I'm not saying HSE doesn't get accused of such things – it almost certainly does – but we cannot state that without correctly attributed sourcing. Oldelpaso (talk) 17:22, 19 December 2010 (UTC)
 * That Telegraph article is weird. It is titled "Health and safety laws are costing jobs" and then says nothing about that in the body. A victim of the trend to promote clickthroughs from the front pages of newspaper sites, no doubt. Makes citing things a pain. Oldelpaso (talk) 17:58, 19 December 2010 (UTC)

External Link
Whilst the infographic added 9 July 2014 is relevant it is hosted on a commercial site, are we okay with this being an external link?RoyalBlueStuey (talk) 12:47, 9 July 2014 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Health and Safety Executive


text:
Category:Burials at Dulaney Valley Memorial Gardens

This page categorizes burials at Dulaney Valley Memorial Gardens.


text: Talk:Matthew 2:5

title: Talk:Matthew 2:5


text:
List of types of XML schemas

This is a list of notable XML schemas in use on the Internet sorted by purpose. XML schemas can be used to create XML documents for a wide range of purposes such as syndication, general exchange, and storage of data in a standard format.

Bookmarks

 * XBEL - XML Bookmark Exchange Language

Brewing

 * BeerXML - a free XML based data description standard for the exchange of brewing data

Business

 * ACORD data standards - Insurance Industry XML schemas specifications by Association for Cooperative Operations Research and Development
 * Europass XML - XML vocabulary describing the information contained in a Curriculum Vitae (CV), Language Passport (LP) and European Skills Passport (ESP)
 * OSCRE - Open Standards Consortium for Real Estate format for data exchange within the real estate industry
 * UBL - Defining a common XML library of business documents (purchase orders, invoices, etc.) by Oasis
 * XBRL Extensible Business Reporting Language for International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and United States generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) business accounting.

Elections

 * EML - Election Markup Language, is an OASIS standard to support end-to-end management of election processes. It defines over thirty schemas, for example EML 510 for vote count reporting and EML 310 for voter registration.

Engineering

 * gbXML - an open schema developed to facilitate transfer of building data stored in Building Information Models (BIMs) to engineering analysis tools.
 * IFC-XML - Building Information Models for architecture, engineering, construction, and operations.
 * XMI - an Object Management Group (OMG) standard for exchanging metadata information, commonly used for exchange of UML information
 * XTCE - XML Telemetric and Command Exchange is an XML based data exchange format for spacecraft telemetry and command meta-data

Financial

 * FIXatdl - FIX algorithmic trading definition language. Schema provides a HCI between a human trader, the order entry screen(s), unlimited different algorithmic trading types (called strategies) from a variety of sources, and formats a new order message on the FIX wire.
 * FIXML - Financial Information eXchange (FIX) protocol is an electronic communications protocol initiated in 1992 for international real-time exchange of information related to the securities transactions and markets.
 * FpML - Financial products Markup Language is the industry-standard protocol for complex financial products. It is based on XML (eXtensible Markup Language), the standard meta-language for describing data shared between applications.

Geographic information systems and geotagging

 * KML - Keyhole Markup Language is used for annotation on geographical browsers including Google Earth and NASA's World Wind. These annotations are used to place events such as earthquake warnings, historical events, etc.
 * SensorML - used for describing sensors and measurement processes

Graphical user interfaces

 * FIXatdl - algorithmic trading GUIs (language independent)
 * FXML - Extensible Application Markup Language for Java
 * GLADE - GNOME's User Interface Language (GTK+)
 * KParts - KDE's User Interface Language (Qt)
 * UXP - Unified XUL Platform, a 2017 fork of XUL.
 * XAML - Microsoft's Extensible Application Markup Language
 * XForms - XForms
 * XUL - XML User Interface Language (Native)

Humanities texts

 * EpiDoc - Epigraphic Documents
 * TEI - Text Encoding Initiative

Intellectual property

 * DS-XML - Industrial Design Information Exchange Standard
 * IPMM Invention Disclosure Standard
 * TM-XML - Trade Mark Information Exchange Standard

Libraries

 * EAD - for encoding archival finding aids, maintained by the Technical Subcommittee for Encoded Archival Description of the Society of American Archivists, in partnership with the Library of Congress
 * MARCXML - a direct mapping of the MARC standard to XML syntax
 * METS - a schema for aggregating in a single XML file descriptive, administrative, and structural metadata about a digital object
 * MODS - a schema for a bibliographic element set and maintained by the Network Development and MARC Standards Office of the Library of Congress

Math and science

 * MathML - Mathematical Markup Language
 * ANSI N42.42 or "N42" - NIST data format standard for radiation detectors used for Homeland Security

Metadata

 * DDML - reformulations XML DTD
 * ONIX for Books - ONline Information eXchange, developed and maintained by EDItEUR jointly with Book Industry Communication (UK) and the Book Industry Study Group (US), and with user groups in Australia, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Norway, Spain and the Republic of Korea.
 * PRISM - Publishing Requirements for Industry Standard Metadata
 * RDF - Resource Description Framework

Music playlists

 * XSPF - XML Shareable Playlist Format

Musical notation

 * MusicXML - XML western musical notation format

News syndication

 * Atom - Atom
 * RSS - Really Simple Syndication

Paper and forest products

 * EPPML - an XML conceptual model for the interactions between parties of a postal communication system.
 * papiNet - XML format for exchange of business documents and product information in the paper and forest products industries.

Publishing

 * DITA - Darwin Information Typing Architecture, document authoring system
 * DocBook - for technical documentation
 * JATS (formerly known as the NLM DTD) - Journal Article Tag Suite, a journal publishing structure originally developed by the United States National Library of Medicine
 * PRISM - Publishing Requirements for Industry Standard Metadata

Statistics

 * DDI - "Data Documentation Initiative" is a format for information describing statistical and social science data (and the lifecycle).
 * SDMX - SDMX-ML is a format for exchange and sharing of Statistical Data and Metadata.

Vector images

 * SVG - Scalable Vector Graphics

title: List of types of XML schemas


text: Talk:Matthew 2:6

title: Talk:Matthew 2:6


text:
Illinois Route 176

Illinois Route 176 (IL 176) is a 41.28 mi east–west state route in northern Illinois. It runs from IL 23 (State Street) in Marengo to the southern terminus of IL 131 (Green Bay Road) in Lake Bluff.

Route description
IL 176 is a two- to four-lane arterial in northern Illinois. The eastern terminus of IL 176 is unique in that both IL 131 and IL 176 terminate at that corner; neither state route extends beyond that point in any direction.

IL 47 overlaps IL 176 east of Marengo.

History
SBI Route 176 originally ran from Crystal Lake to Lake Bluff. In 1941, the designation was extended westward to Marengo, replacing IL 67, redundant to the newly-designated US 67.

Future
The village of Wauconda hired an engineering firm in 2014 to suggest improvements to the congested interchange with US 12. They proposed eliminating the interchange and converting it to an at-grade intersection with dual left turn lanes at each leg, two lanes in each direction for IL 176, three lanes in each direction of US 12, and developing the frontage of the intersection. The estimated cost to convert the US 12 interchange with IL 176 and the US 12 interchange with IL 59 to at-grade signalized arterial intersections is $300 million, none of which would come from IDOT.

title: Illinois Route 176


text:
Ultra Maniac

Ultra Maniac (ウルトラマニアック) is a Japanese manga series written by Wataru Yoshizumi. The romantic comedy series features 8th grader Ayu Tateishi, a tennis club member, and her transfer student friend, Nina Sakura, who is actually a trainee witch from the magical kingdom. It premiered in Shueisha's Ribon manga magazine in February 2001 and ran until January 2004. It was also published in five collected volumes by Shueisha. Viz Media licensed and released an English translation of the series in North America. With Miho Shimogasa (character designer of Cutie Honey Flash and one of the animation directors of Sailor Moon) by designing the characters and Animation Production by Ashi Productions (who did with Magical Princess Minky Momo, Magical Angel Sweet Mint, Jankenman and Flower Witch Mary Bell).

The series was first adapted into a 20-minute original video animation, released August 6, 2002. Later, it was also adapted into a 26-episode anime television series. Both were produced by Ashi Productions and Animax. The anime series was broadcast on Animax from May to November 2003, and was later licensed for Region 1 distribution by Geneon Entertainment.

Plot
Ayu Tateishi is a well-adjusted middle-schooler in her second year, until the fateful day when she finds a dejected looking Nina Sakura outside of the school. Nina explains that she lost something very dear to her earlier that day. Ayu offers to help Nina, the annoying girl look for her lost item, but Nina seems reluctant to say what the item is that she lost, and runs off. On her way home Ayu finds what seems to be a mini-computer underneath the bench she knew Nina to be at earlier that day. After returning the item to Nina, Nina struggles to decide whether to let Ayu in on the 'big secret' she keeps.

In order to see if Ayu is trustworthy, she starts to follow Ayu around and eventually decides she can trust Ayu. Nina reveals that she is actually from the Magic Kingdom and is a magic girl. Ayu, however, doesn't believe Nina and thinks she is a bit crazy at first. Ayu herself had always shunned the ideas of magic and fairy tales, even admitting she had never read Harry Potter, so having someone tell her they are a witch truly isn't something she can easily accept. After several mishaps with her magic, Nina proves she is a magic girl, and a failure who came to Earth as her last chance to prove that she can get things right. These first mishaps and the fact that Nina has shared her secret with Ayu, Nina attaches herself to Ayu as a friend and does everything she can to help Ayu with getting the attention of her crush, Tetsushi Kaji. As their adventures continue many friends from the Magic Kingdom come and visit Nina to the chagrin of Ayu.

The anime adaptation has a very different plot starting after Ayu and Nina have first met. Instead of coming as a witch failure who is trying to prove herself to be more than she is said to be, Nina has come to Earth to find the five "Holy Stones". She tells Ayu that whoever collects all five will qualify to marry the prince of the Magic Kingdom. Nina's childhood friend Maya is also on Earth from the start, competing with Nina to find the stones. Though Nina does collect them all first, she learns that the prince and Maya are truly in love with one another, so Nina gives up the stones and her dream, allowing Maya and the prince to be with one another, and Nina stays on Earth with her friends.

Characters

 * Ayu Tateishi (立石 亜由)
 * Ayu Tateishi constantly tries to stay calm and keep her cool about everything. This is quite a facade for her to keep up, because the only reason she wants to be "cool" is because Tetsushi Kaji (her crush, and later on her boyfriend) told her once that he liked how cool she was about everything. He said this because when their class was given a pop quiz she was the only one in the class who didn't freak out (she was actually just tired). However, after Ayu meets Nina, she is everything but cool and calm. She is the president of the girls' tennis club and one of the most popular girls in the school, and she works hard on keeping up her "cool, calm and collected" reputation.
 * Ayu Tateishi constantly tries to stay calm and keep her cool about everything. This is quite a facade for her to keep up, because the only reason she wants to be "cool" is because Tetsushi Kaji (her crush, and later on her boyfriend) told her once that he liked how cool she was about everything. He said this because when their class was given a pop quiz she was the only one in the class who didn't freak out (she was actually just tired). However, after Ayu meets Nina, she is everything but cool and calm. She is the president of the girls' tennis club and one of the most popular girls in the school, and she works hard on keeping up her "cool, calm and collected" reputation.

 * Nina Sakura (佐倉 仁菜)
 * Nina Sakura's first scene is when Ayu Tateishi finds her crying because she lost a small, pink "box." Later, when Ayu finds and returns the box to her, Nina realizes that she has found a perfect person to reveal her strange secret to. She later reveals it to Hiroki Tsujiai, who, in the manga, later becomes her boyfriend. In the anime, she is often seen trying to help Ayu with her love life. She'll do absolutely anything to ensure that her friends are happy, even if it means suffering a little grief herself. Nina is very peppy and perky, and she loves sweets. She also enjoys manga. In the anime, her real name is Nina Saqurail, and near the end, the last of the five holy stones are unleashed when she and Tsujiai reach to each other in the Dark Zone.
 * Nina Sakura's first scene is when Ayu Tateishi finds her crying because she lost a small, pink "box." Later, when Ayu finds and returns the box to her, Nina realizes that she has found a perfect person to reveal her strange secret to. She later reveals it to Hiroki Tsujiai, who, in the manga, later becomes her boyfriend. In the anime, she is often seen trying to help Ayu with her love life. She'll do absolutely anything to ensure that her friends are happy, even if it means suffering a little grief herself. Nina is very peppy and perky, and she loves sweets. She also enjoys manga. In the anime, her real name is Nina Saqurail, and near the end, the last of the five holy stones are unleashed when she and Tsujiai reach to each other in the Dark Zone.

 * Tetsushi Kaji (架地 哲士)
 * Considered an idol by the girls and a role model to the boys in his school, Tetsushi appears to be cool and always has a nice smile, but that's just his outer shell. In reality, Tetsushi is a normal person who doesn't even like being an idol. He only acts like "Prince Charming" because Ayu stated once that she liked him that way (Ayu acted "cool" for the same reason). He later explains to Nina that he's being "the nice guy" because of Ayu and that he worked hard for the title. Nina has a crush on Tetsushi during the second volume of the manga, but she forgets her original feelings for him when she sees how happy Ayu is to be with him. In both the manga and anime, he and Ayu eventually begin dating.
 * Considered an idol by the girls and a role model to the boys in his school, Tetsushi appears to be cool and always has a nice smile, but that's just his outer shell. In reality, Tetsushi is a normal person who doesn't even like being an idol. He only acts like "Prince Charming" because Ayu stated once that she liked him that way (Ayu acted "cool" for the same reason). He later explains to Nina that he's being "the nice guy" because of Ayu and that he worked hard for the title. Nina has a crush on Tetsushi during the second volume of the manga, but she forgets her original feelings for him when she sees how happy Ayu is to be with him. In both the manga and anime, he and Ayu eventually begin dating.

 * Hiroki Tsujiai (辻合 宏基)
 * Tetsushi's best friend, who is often seen together with him. He is the head of the boys' tennis club. He is a fan of many manga and has similar taste with Nina. He is very steadfast and has a good sense of self-worth. Hiroki is in love with Nina, and he and Nina start to go out with each other mid-way through the manga. They continue to date up to the end of the series.
 * Tetsushi's best friend, who is often seen together with him. He is the head of the boys' tennis club. He is a fan of many manga and has similar taste with Nina. He is very steadfast and has a good sense of self-worth. Hiroki is in love with Nina, and he and Nina start to go out with each other mid-way through the manga. They continue to date up to the end of the series.

 * Yuta Kirishima (桐島 由多)
 * Yuta is from the Magic Kingdom, and he and Nina are childhood friends. He is adept enough with magic that he doesn't need a computer to cast spells like Nina does, and teases her about that frequently. He has a kind heart. At first, Yuta appears to show affection for Ayu, but, as Ayu later discovers, he is actually crazy about Nina. In the last episode of the anime, Yuta appears to have some feelings for Luna, but in the manga, he falls in love with Sayaka and goes out with her until the series ends.
 * Yuta is from the Magic Kingdom, and he and Nina are childhood friends. He is adept enough with magic that he doesn't need a computer to cast spells like Nina does, and teases her about that frequently. He has a kind heart. At first, Yuta appears to show affection for Ayu, but, as Ayu later discovers, he is actually crazy about Nina. In the last episode of the anime, Yuta appears to have some feelings for Luna, but in the manga, he falls in love with Sayaka and goes out with her until the series ends.

 * Leo (リオ)
 * Nina's pet cat, Leo (called "Rio" in the English translation of the anime) can change into the form of a little boy by using a magic candy. In the anime, all he has to do is a flip and he becomes human. In the anime, he starts to like Ayu's dog, Tamako.
 * Nina's pet cat, Leo (called "Rio" in the English translation of the anime) can change into the form of a little boy by using a magic candy. In the anime, all he has to do is a flip and he becomes human. In the anime, he starts to like Ayu's dog, Tamako.

 * Maya Orihara (織原 マヤ)
 * One of the candidates to be the princess of the Magic Kingdom and Nina's childhood friend. Maya has a pet chameleon named Ruru (ルル) and a talking crow named Shiro who wears an orange bandana. Her hobby is black magic. At the beginning of the story, Maya has a strong rivalry with Nina, but in episode 26, the rivalry ends. Maya has a crush on the prince, who loved her since the time when they danced together as children and she saved him. They later get married and Maya becomes princess of the Magic Kingdom. Her real name is Maya Orphelia. She does not appear in the manga, but in the epilogue chapter she is mentioned as Nina's roommate in Eltoria.
 * One of the candidates to be the princess of the Magic Kingdom and Nina's childhood friend. Maya has a pet chameleon named Ruru (ルル) and a talking crow named Shiro who wears an orange bandana. Her hobby is black magic. At the beginning of the story, Maya has a strong rivalry with Nina, but in episode 26, the rivalry ends. Maya has a crush on the prince, who loved her since the time when they danced together as children and she saved him. They later get married and Maya becomes princess of the Magic Kingdom. Her real name is Maya Orphelia. She does not appear in the manga, but in the epilogue chapter she is mentioned as Nina's roommate in Eltoria.

 * Sayaka Nakamura (仲村 紗也香)
 * A beautiful girl at school who is known as an "ice doll" because she is frosty towards all of her classmates. She is interested in dating Yuta, but has a secret agenda. Sayaka is revealed to be half-witch on her deceased mother's side. She taught herself magic, and because she grew up on Earth, Yuta and Nina could not detect that Sayaka had magic powers. Due to bad experiences Sayaka had as a child after revealing her powers, she is envious of Nina who has so many magical and non-magical friends. Near the end, she admits her feelings for Yuta, and they get together for real. She is a manga-exclusive character.

 * Jun Kawanakajima (川中島 純)
 * Another character exclusive to the anime. He is the Committee Chairman at Ayu and Nina's school. He wears eyeglasses and he always takes his red camera with him. The first time around, Jun accidentally sees Nina use magic. He instantly becomes determined to expose her as a witch and is constantly trying to take pictures of her. In time, he relents. After seeing Maya, he realizes that she became a wicked witch because of her dark magic.
 * Another character exclusive to the anime. He is the Committee Chairman at Ayu and Nina's school. He wears eyeglasses and he always takes his red camera with him. The first time around, Jun accidentally sees Nina use magic. He instantly becomes determined to expose her as a witch and is constantly trying to take pictures of her. In time, he relents. After seeing Maya, he realizes that she became a wicked witch because of her dark magic.

 * Mito Kirishima (桐島 美斗)
 * A manga-only character, Yuta's older sister comes to school to teach and flirt with the teachers. She takes Nina and Ayu to bars and tends to get them in trouble. In the final chapter she is dating her crush.

 * The Principal
 * A cheerful member of the school.

 * Pine (パイン), Bamboo (バンブ) and Plum (プラム)
 * A trio of little girls also called the triplets loyal to Nina. Pine looks like Blossom from The Powerpuff Girls, but with a red dress, her matching eyes and short hair tied in pigtails. Bamboo is the only tomboy of the group. She wears a blue shirt with a white "B" on it and a green cap on her head. Plum is the only one to have blond hair wearing glasses. She also wears a purple dress and her pigtails are more elegant than Pine's. All three have the ability to ride on a blue stuffed dinosaur that can use its tail as a propeller.

Manga
Ultra Maniac premiered in the February 2002 issue of Ribon, with new chapters appearing monthly until its conclusion in the January 2004 issue. It was also published in five collected volumes by Shueisha.

Viz Media licensed Ultra Maniac for an English-language release in North America. The series was released from July 5, 2005 to March 7, 2006.

Anime
The Ultra Maniac series was produced by the anime television network, Animax, who have broadcast the series exclusively across Japan, East Asia, Southeast Asia, South Asia, and other regions, dubbing and broadcasting the series into English and other languages. It has been licensed for North American distribution by Geneon Entertainment, who have released the series across the region via a 7-volume DVD release, the first of which was released on April 4, 2005 and the last of which was released on April 18, 2006. The series was released on DVD by Discotek Media on April 25, 2017.

title: Ultra Maniac


text: Talk:Matthew 2:7

title: Talk:Matthew 2:7


text:
Mansong Diarra

Mansong Diarra (c. 1790–1808), also rendered Monzon Jara, was the faama of the Bambara Empire. Son of king Ngolo Diarra, he the throne of Ségou following his father's death in battle. He earned renown as a great warrior, with defeats against several other groups, including Kaarta, Massina, Dogon, and Mossi.

Mungo Park, passing through the Bambara capital of Ségou in 1797 recorded a testament to the Empire's prosperity under Mansong: "The view of this extensive city, the numerous canoes on the river, the crowded population, and the cultivated state of the surrounding countryside, formed altogether a prospect of civilization and magnificence that I little expected to find in the bosom of Africa."

Mansong himself provided Park with a gift of 5000 cowries to help him on his travels.

His son Da Diarra would succeed him after his death.

title: Mansong Diarra


text: Talk:Matthew 2:8

title: Talk:Matthew 2:8


text:
1906 in archaeology

Below are notable events in archaeology that occurred in 1906.

Explorations

 * Christiana Herringham begins copying the Ajanta Caves paintings.

Excavations

 * Hugo Winckler begins excavations at Hattusa near Boğazköy in Turkey for the Deutsche Orient-Gesellschaft with Theodore Makridi which identify it as the royal capital of the Hittites (continue to 1911).
 * Richard MacGillivray Dawkins begins excavations at the Sanctuary of Artemis Orthia in Sparta (continue to 1910).
 * T. May begins excavations of the Principia of the Roman fort at Bremetennacum (Ribchester), Lancashire, England (continue to 1907).
 * Excavations at Lisht are resumed by the Egyptian Expedition of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York (continue for 14 seasons to 1934).
 * Approximate date – Antonios Keramopoulos begins systematic excavations of Mycenaean Thebes, Greece, starting at the Kolonaki hill (continue to 1921).

Finds

 * Mummy of Senebtisi at Lisht in Egypt.
 * The Sounion Kouros at Cape Sounion in Greece.

Publications

 * "Note sur une statuette mexicaine en wernerite représentant la déesse Ixcuina" by Ernest-Théodore Hamy in the Journal de la Société des Américanistes about the Dumbarton Oaks birthing figure.

Events

 * 8 June – Antiquities Act is passed by the United States Congress
 * 29 June – Mesa Verde, an Ancestral Puebloan site, is made a United States National Park
 * September – A military balloon is flown over Stonehenge carrying out the first aerial photography in archaeology.

Births

 * 5 January – Kathleen Kenyon, English archaeologist of the Neolithic Fertile Crescent and college principal (d. 1978).
 * 12 January – Eric Birley, British archaeologist associated with the excavations of forts on Hadrian's Wall (d. 1995).
 * 27 January – Alberto Ruz Lhuillier, Mexican archaeologist (d. 1979).
 * 26 June – Joan du Plat Taylor, British maritime archaeologist (d. 1983).

title: 1906 in archaeology


text:
The Look of Love

The Look of Love may refer to:

Songs

 * "The Look of Love" (1967 song), a popular song written by Burt Bacharach and Hal David
 * "The Look of Love" (ABC song), 1982
 * "The Look of Love" (Madonna song), 1987
 * "Look of Love" (Lesley Gore song), 1964
 * "The Look of Love", a song by Frank Sinatra from Softly, as I Leave You

Albums

 * The Look of Love (Claudine Longet album), 1967
 * The Look of Love (Diana Krall album), 2001
 * The Look of Love (Dusty Springfield album), 1967
 * The Look of Love (Stanley Turrentine album), 1968
 * The Look of Love (Trijntje Oosterhuis album), 2006
 * Look of Love: The Very Best of ABC, a 2001 compilation album by ABC
 * The Look of Love (Vivian Dandridge album), by Vivian Dandridge

Other

 * The Look of Love (musical), a musical revue featuring Bacharach-David songs
 * The Look of Love (film), a 2013 UK film starring Steve Coogan
 * The Look of Love was the working title of the 2013 film The Face of Love, starring Annette Bening and Ed Harris

title: The Look of Love


text:
Monzon

Monzon may refer to:

People

 * Bernardo Alvarado Monzón (fl. 1972), Guatemalan communist leader
 * Carlos Monzón (1942–1995), Argentine middleweight boxer
 * Christian Monzon (born 1977), American actor and model
 * Dan Monzon (1946–1996), American baseball player, manager, and scout
 * Elfego Hernán Monzón Aguirre, Guatemalan president
 * Erick Monzón (born 1981), Puerto Rican baseball player
 * Fabián Monzón (born 1987), Argentine football player
 * Gastón Monzón (born 1987), Argentine football player
 * Monzon Diarra (fl. 1795–1808), ruler of the Bambara Empire in Mali
 * Pedro Monzón (born 1962), Argentine football player and coach
 * Roberto Monzón (born 1978), Cuban Olympic wrestler
 * Telesforo Monzón (1904–1981), Basque writer and politician
 * Tina Monzon-Palma (born 1951), Filipina anchorwoman
 * Víctor Hugo Monzón (born 1957), Guatemalan football player and coach

Places

 * County of Monzón, a marcher county of the Kingdom of León in the tenth and eleventh centuries
 * Monzón, a town in Huesca Province, Spain
 * Monzón Castle
 * Monzón de Campos, a municipality in Palencia Province, Spain
 * Monzón District, Huamalíes Province, Peru

Other uses

 * Monzonite, an intermediate igneous rock

title: Monzon


text: Talk:Matthew 2:9

title: Talk:Matthew 2:9


text: Talk:Matthew 2:10

title: Talk:Matthew 2:10


text:
Talk:Matthew 2:11

Luke

 * According to the chronology in Luke the magi must have visited only a few days after Jesus' birth

Why does the article bring up the matter of consistency with the chronology of Luke? Luke doesn't mention the Magi Pictureuploader 21:46, 22 December 2005 (UTC)
 * The magi are not mentioned, but the Gospel of Luke states that the family left Bethlehem within eight days of Jesus' birth. - SimonP 22:14, 22 December 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Matthew 2:11


text:
Taepodong-2

The Taepodong-2 (TD-2, also spelled as Taep'o-dong 2) (대포동 2호) is a designation used to indicate what was initially believed to be a North Korean two- or three-stage ballistic missile design that is the successor to the Taepodong-1 technology demonstrator. In 2012, the U.S. Department of Defense assessed that the Taepodong-2 had not been deployed as a missile. The Taepodong-2 is the technology base for the Unha space launch vehicle, and was likely not intended as ICBM technology.

Details
As there is no publicly available imagery of the only Taepodong-2 launch in 2006, all estimates of technical parameters are approximate.

Based on the size of the missile, the fuel composition, and the likely fuel capacity, it is estimated that a two-stage variant would have a range of around 4,000 km (2,500 statute miles) and a three-stage variant would be capable of reaching as far away as 4,500 km (2,800 statute miles), giving it potentially the longest range in the North Korean missile arsenal. The burn time of each stage is a little over 100 seconds, thus allowing the missile to burn for 5 or 6 minutes. Speculative variants of the missile could be capable of a range of approximately 9,000 km (5,600 statute miles). At maximum range, the Taepodong-2 is estimated to have a payload capacity of less than 500 kg (~1,100 lbs).

According to a former worker in the publications department of one of North Korea's top research centres, who defected to South Korea, North Korea began development of the missile in 1987.

Very few details concerning the technical specifications of the rocket are public information; even the name "Taepodong-2" is a designation applied by agencies outside North Korea to what is presumed to be a successor to the Taepodong-1. The TD-2 first stage likely uses a liquid propellant (TM-185 fuel and AK-27I oxidizer) driven engine and the second stage likely utilises the Rodong short-range missile. Depending on the range, the estimated payload capacity could be as high as 700–1,000 kg (~1,550 - 2,200 lbs) at short range, making it potentially suitable for conventional weapons payloads, NBC payloads as well as Earth orbit satellite delivery. At maximum range, the Taepodong-2 is estimated to have a payload capacity of less than 500 kg (~1,100 lbs). North Korea has yet to demonstrate the ability to produce a re-entry vehicle, without which North Korea cannot deliver a weapon from an ICBM.

In 2015, aerospace engineer and North Korea missile program analyst John Schilling stated that North Korea did not seem to be planning to create an operational ICBM from the Taepodong-2 technology, and that the Taepodong-2 had been mistakenly identified as an ICBM development, whereas in reality it was a space launch development vehicle.

First stage
Taepodong-2's first stage consists of four Rodong motors.

Second and third stages
Little is known about the Taepodong-2 design beyond the first stage. Most likely the second stage is one of the Scud-derived North Korean ballistic missiles (either Rodong-1 or Hwasong-6), and the third stage most likely uses Chinese solid-fuel engines.

2006 test
A Taepodong-2 was test fired on 5 July 2006 from the Tonghae test facility. According to reports, the missile failed in mid-flight about 40 seconds after launch.

Subsequent Unha launches
Subsequent launches were intended to launch satellites, using a Taepodong-2 development called the Unha rocket. After two failures in April 2009 and April 2012, its first successful flight, Unha-3, occurred in December 2012 with the launch of the second version of Kwangmyŏngsŏng-3 satellite.

This successful flight was repeated on 7 February 2016 (UTC) with the successful launch of Kwangmyŏngsŏng-4 using a similar rocket as Unha-3 even though the rocket is officially named as Kwangmyŏngsŏng (not to be confused with the satellite with the same name).

title: Taepodong-2


text: Talk:Matthew 2:12

title: Talk:Matthew 2:12


text:
Category:Birmingham City F.C.

__NOGALLERY__

title: Category:Birmingham City F.C.


text: Talk:Matthew 2:13

title: Talk:Matthew 2:13


text:
Liberal Independent Group

The Liberal Independent Group (Grupo Independiente Liberal, GIL) was a right-wing Spanish political party, founded in 1991 by the businessman Jesús Gil y Gil who was mayor of Marbella in the Costa del Sol, and convicted of corruption. "GIL", the acronym of the party's name in Spanish, is a play on words, as it references the surname of the party's founder, Jesús Gil.

GIL governed Marbella beginning in 1991 on a platform of fighting petty crime and carrying out public ornamental works in the city. At the same time, Marbella was known as a refuge for British, Italian and Russian crime lords. After Gil was removed by a Spanish tribunal on charges of political corruption, Julián Muñoz, (also known for his romance with singer Isabel Pantoja), assumed the mayoralty of the city. He was later ousted by GIL members supporting Marisol Yagüe Reyes with the help of a turncoat Spanish Socialist Workers' Party councillor who had been a vocal critic of corruption. In March 2006, Yagüe and most of her administration were brought to trial on charges of corruption concerning their management of urban development and planning permissions in Marbella. In April 2006, the Spanish government initiated procedures to forcibly dissolve the council, an unprecedented movement in the history of recent Spanish democracy. GIL also established a strong presence in Estepona, Ceuta and Melilla.

Gilismo ("gilism") has been identified as an italianized populism and as example of the berlusconization of Spanish politics, and along the political experiences of José María Ruiz Mateos and Mario Conde, as an example of protestary populism in Spain.

title: Liberal Independent Group


text: Talk:Matthew 2:14

title: Talk:Matthew 2:14


text:
1949 in archaeology

Below are notable events in archaeology that occurred in 1949.

Events

 * November 21–23 - First Internationales Sachsensymposion held.
 * University of New Mexico transfers lands to the National Park Service and expands Chaco Canyon National Monument, with the proviso that the university may continue scientific research.

Excavations

 * February 15 - Gerald Lankester Harding and Roland de Vaux begin excavations at Cave 1 of the Qumran Caves in the West Bank region of Jordan, the location of the first seven Dead Sea Scrolls.
 * Excavation work recommences at the Peking Man Site in Zhoukoudian, China.
 * Alberto Ruz Lhuillier begins excavations of the Temple of the Inscriptions, Palenque.
 * Seton Lloyd begins excavations at Sakçagözü.
 * Grahame Clark begins excavations at Star Carr, North Yorkshire (continues to 1951).
 * Conclusion of excavations in the Vatican Necropolis.

Finds

 * Radiocarbon dating technique discovered by Willard Libby and his colleagues during his tenure as a professor at the University of Chicago.
 * Anak Tomb No. 3 (dated 357 CE) found in North Korea.
 * New excavations at Peking Man Site in Zhoukoudian, China unearth 5 teeth and fragments of thigh and shin bone.
 * First new discoveries of Nimrud ivories by British School of Archaeology in Iraq led by Max Mallowan.
 * 12th century murals discovered in Coombes Church, West Sussex, England.

Publications

 * 'C. W. Ceram' - Götter, Gräber und Gelehrte (Gods, Graves and Scholars: the story of archaeology).
 * T. D. Kendrick - Late Saxon and Viking Art.

Births

 * Dolores Piperno - American archaeologist

Deaths

 * 23 April - Percy Newberry, English archaeologist (b. 1869)

title: 1949 in archaeology


text:
Talk:Matthew 2:15

Hosea 11.1
"This verse contains Matthew's third direct quote from the Old Testament. This brief line is from Hosea 11:1. It is not a direct copy from any extant version of Hosea. The most important change is that the author of Matthew replaces "my children" with "my son". This verse in Hosea is fairly clearly a description of the events in the Exodus, and not a piece of prophecy. Why Matthew seems to take this brief quote out of context and away from its original meaning has been long disputed by scholars..."

Ummm... I have checked several versions of the Bible and none of them have Matthew replace "my children" with "my son": "When Israel was a child, then I loved him, and out of Egypt I called My son..." (Hosea 11.1 the Hebrew Bible in English - http://www.mechon-mamre.org/e/et/et1311.htm). "The Lord says, “When Israel was a child, I loved him and called him out of Egypt as my son." "where he stayed until Herod died. This was done to make come true what the Lord had said through the prophet, “I called my Son out of Egypt.”(Hosea 11.1 & Matthew 2.15 Good News Translation)

Yes, Hosea 11.1 was clearly referring to the the children of Israel, not to a literal son of God. But while the story in Matthew is about Jesus, Matthew does not actually replace "my children" with "my son" (that first part is simply omitted).

And since Hosea was not referring to a literal son of God, would Matthew have used that verse to mean that Jesus was the literal son of God? Given that the overwhelming majority of Matthew's gospel tells us that he did not believe that Jesus was the divine son of God, neither should Matthew 2.15 have originally meant that Jesus was the literal son of God. (Or it might not have originally been a part of Matthew's gospel). Alan B25 (talk) 15:48, 15 March 2013 (UTC) — Preceding unsigned comment added by Alan B25 (talk • contribs)

title: Talk:Matthew 2:15