text:
Kristen Bjorn

Kristen Bjorn (born 12 October 1957 in London, England) is a British director and producer of gay pornographic films and a former gay porn film actor.

Early life
Bjorn was born in London, the son of a Russian mother and a British father. He was raised in Washington, D.C., where his father was stationed as a diplomat. He has a brother and two sisters. In an interview conducted in 1997, Bjorn stated that only one of his sisters knew of his profession as a maker of gay erotic films.

After graduating from high school, Bjorn set out to travel widely, to places including Asia, India, and Europe. His career goal at the time was to be "a photographer for a magazine like National Geographic. I wanted to travel across the world and photograph people. I was really very interested in different cultures."

Career
Bjorn arrived in San Francisco in 1978, where he encountered the gay community for the first time. "[I]t was all very strange to me." Encouraged by the ideal of male beauty that he found in gay erotic magazines, Bjorn began working out and paying attention to his own physique. Around 1980, he was photographed by Fred Bisonnes for Mandate magazine. This was followed by two appearances in Falcon videos: Biker's Liberty (Falcon Studios 30, 1983) and The New Breed (Falcon Studios 32, 1983). Falcon chose the pseudonym Kristen Bjorn for him due to his resemblance to the Swedish tennis player Björn Borg.

In the foreword to a book devoted to Kristen Bjorn's work, director William Higgins wrote that, "[in] the relatively brief history of hardcore gay videos, Kristen Bjorn has emerged unchallenged as the best director to date."

In 1982 he moved to Brazil, pursuing his dream of becoming a professional photographer. In Brazil he stayed for eight years, in which he began to make the first male nude shots, starring only Brazilian models, which he sold to American gay magazines. In 1985, his friend and mentor Fred Bisonnes, who worked for Advocate Men magazine, invited him to submit his work to the magazine. Over the years, always under pressure from Bisonnes, he began to expand his creative space by making some softcore videos for the Advocate Men Live series.

In 1988 he directed and produced his first feature film Tropical Heatwave, which consisted of six masturbation scenes with muscular Brazilian men in exotic settings. With this film, Bjorn establishes his own brand of himself, utilizing a multi-racial cast and naturist settings. He later directed Carnaval in Rio and Island Fever, his first hardcore movies featuring sex scenes between men, including penetrations and multiple ejaculations.

He has taken care of all aspects of his films, from production to directing to photography, creating his own recognizable style. If the first films of his lacked dialogue, apart from the narrative voice, the later dialogue was incorporated into the script. Another and main characteristic of Bjorn's films is the use of unknown models, predominantly muscular and with a strong masculinity, without caring if they identify as heterosexual or homosexual but simply willing to participate in male sex scenes.

Filmography

 * Director/videographer:

 * Tropical Heatwave (1989)
 * Champs (1989)
 * Carnaval in Rio (1989)
 * Island Fever (1990)
 * Manhattan Latin (1991)
 * Caribbean Heat (1991)
 * A Sailor in Sydney (1992)
 * Jackaroos (1992)
 * Manly Beach (1992)
 * Call of the Wild (1993)
 * Montreal Men (1993)
 * Jungle Heat (1994)
 * Paradise Plantation (1994)
 * Mystery Men (1994)
 * The Caracas Adventure (1995)
 * The Vampire of Budapest (1995)
 * Comrades in Arms (1995)
 * Hungary for Men (1996)
 * A World of Men (1996)
 * Gangsters at Large (1996)
 * Amazon Adventure (1996)
 * Manwatcher (1997)
 * The Anchor Hotel (1997)
 * Hot Times in Little Havana (1998)
 * Thick as Thieves (1998)
 * Wet Dreams 1 (1999)
 * Wet Dreams 2 (1999)
 * Making It with Kristen Bjorn (documentary) (1999)
 * The Isle of Man (2000)
 * Dreamers (2000)
 * The Agony of Ecstasy (documentary) (2000)
 * Men Amongst the Ruins (2001)
 * Bone Island (2001)
 * Crossroads of Desire (2002)
 * Dreamers: An Erotic Journey (2002)
 * Parashooter (2003)
 * Males Tales (2003)
 * Manville (2004)
 * Fire Dance (2004)
 * Rocks & Hard Places 1&2 (2005)
 * El Rancho (2005)
 * Skin Deep 1&2 (2006)
 * Action! 1&2 (2007)
 * Pride 1&2 (2007)
 * Horns of Plenty (2008)
 * Tropical Adventure 1&2 (2009)
 * Costa Brava: The Wild Coast (2010)
 * Horns of Plenty 2 (2010)
 * Sex City 1&2 (2011)
 * Jagged Mountain 1&2 (2012)
 * First Time 1&2 (2013)
 * Strangers in Prague 1&2 (2014)
 * On the Prowl 1&2&3 (2015)
 * Bare to the Bone (2016)
 * Trouser Bar (2016)
 * In the Flesh 1&2 (2017)
 * Busting Manholes (2018)
 * Deep and Raw (2018)
 * Meat Rack (2018)
 * Wild Seed (2018)
 * Fit to Fuck (2019)
 * Catchers in the Raw (2019)
 * Bareback Shooters (2020)
 * Bigger They Come (2020)
 * Man Sex (2020)
 * Wild Attraction

 * Executive producer (with other directors):'''
 * Hungarians (1997)
 * Moscow: The Power of Submission (2000)
 * Behind the Curtain (documentary, 2000)
 * Italian Style (2002)
 * A Sicilian Tale (2002)
 * Heartbreak Hotel (2002)
 * Out in Tuscany (2003)
 * Under the Big Top (2003)
 * Ambassadors of the Ice (2003)
 * Journey to Greece (2004)
 * Legion of Vengeance (2004)
 * Hangar (2004)
 * Trouser Bar (2015)

Awards and nominations

 * 2007 Barcelona International Erotic Film Festival Heatgay Award winner – Best Film (El Rancho – Kristen Bjorn), Best Director (El Rancho – Kristen Bjorn Productions), and Best Script (El Rancho – Kristen Bjorn Productions)
 * 2010 XBIZ Award nomination – Gay Studio of the Year (Kristen Bjorn Production)

title: Kristen Bjorn


text:
Tabán

The Tabán usually refers to an area within the 1st district of Budapest, the capital of Hungary. It lies on the Buda (i.e., western) side of the Danube, to the south of György Dózsa Square, on the northern side of Elisabeth Bridge and to the east of Naphegy. Several other Hungarian cities and towns also have districts called Tabán.

History
The Tabán has been inhabited since Neolithic times due to its location in a protected valley, the thermal waters at the bottom of the Gellért Hill, and the ford over the Danube. In the Iron Age, it was inhabited by a tribe of Celts, who were replaced by the Romans in the 1st century BC.

In the Middle Ages, the Tabán was a village under Buda Castle. Remains of significant medieval structures were discovered by archaeologists in 1936, and the 12th-century relief of the Tabán Christ might have belonged to a church located in the area. During the Ottoman occupation of Hungary, the Turks developed the thermal medicinal baths in the area and brought in settlers from the Balkans. The population increased after the 1686 liberation of Buda from as refugees arrived from Greece, Bosnia and Serbia. The Franciscans from Bosnia established the Tabán parish Church of St. Catherine of Alexandria in the 17th century; the church was rebuilt in Baroque style between 1728 and 1777 and reconstructed several times. The Serbian Orthodox inhabitants established their own parish. The Church of St. Demetrius was built in 1742-51 in Baroque style; it was the largest church building in the Metropolitanate of Karlovci. In the 18th century, the town was inhabited by Serbs, Greeks, Vlachs, Germans, Croats, Slovaks and Gypsies.

By the 19th century, the Tabán became known as a bohemian quarter of Budapest with many restaurants, bars and bordellos. Its narrow streets on the hillsides echoed a Mediterranean atmosphere. Kereszt Street was at the center of this district.

In the 1930s, the Tabán was demolished as part of a project of urban renewal in Budapest. Today, it is a popular park.

Topography
After the 1930 urban planning in Budapest, only a few old Tabán houses were left in the Naphegy district; one of them was the Tabán school, which was destroyed in January 1945, during the battle of Budapest. Today a sports field can be found where the school once stood. The original streets remaining are Orom Street in Gellérthegy and Tabán Czakó Street in Naphegy.

Taban's historic and cultural attractions include a Memorial of the 1956 Hungarian Revolution near Naphegy Street and Kereszt Street and the Semmelweiss Orvostörténeti Múzeum near Apród Street.

Tabán in literature
The poet Dezső Kosztolányi wrote:

"Köröttem - esős akvarell - Tabán. Nyugodt lennék itt s boldog is talán..."''

"I crossed Tabán - a rainy watercolour. I would be at peace here and maybe happy too..."''

Sights
Major sights include
 * Rác Thermal Bath
 * Rudas Baths
 * Semmelweis Museum of Medical History
 * Tabán ruins

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Tabán


text:
Presidential Unit Citation (South Korea)

The Presidential Unit Citation is a military unit award of the government of Republic of Korea that may be presented to South Korean and foreign military units for outstanding performance in defense of the Republic of Korea. In recognition of allied military service to South Korea during the Korean War, all United States military departments were authorized the unit award for that period.

Officially, South Korean Government does not have the term: 'Presidential Unit Citation (대통령 부대 표창)'. This is the one of 'Presidential Citation (대통령 표창)' which awarded to organizations such as local government, military unit, hospital and so on.

Appearance and wear
When the Republic of Korea Presidential Unit Citation is worn on the South Korea military uniform (right side) it is as a ribbon 1+3/8 in wide surrounded by a gold frame. The ribbon is white, with a 15/64 in red above blue Taeguk in the center. At the edge of the ribbon, on each side, are the following stripes: 13/64 in Hunter Green; 1/64 in White; 1/64 in Old Glory Red; 1/64 in white; 1/64 in Old Glory Red; 1/64 in white; 1/64 in Hunter Green. No ribbon devices are authorized for wear with this award, although a bronze service star on the ribbon can be observed on several portraits of Korean War veterans from the U.S. Armed Forces.

Smaller version
Foreign military unit members who are authorized to wear the award, either wear the award on the right side of the uniform (e.g. U.S. Army) with any other same size unit award emblems or wear the slightly smaller size version of the award on the left side of the uniform (e.g. U.S. Marine Corps, Navy, Coast Guard, Air Force) with their other service ribbons.

Post-Korean War

 * United States Marine Corps for service in South Korea between 9 December 1999 to 24 April 2002.
 * 2nd Infantry Division was recognized in 2011, for its support of South Korea over the preceding 60 years.
 * Seventh Air Force was recognized in October 2013 for longstanding achievements in operational readiness and force employment in South Korea.
 * U.S. Eighth Army was recognized on October 1, 2014, for outstanding performance in defense of the Republic of Korea.
 * U.S. Naval Forces Korea was recognized in September 2017 "outstanding contribution to the defense of the Republic of Korea."
 * Seventh Air Force was recognized in October 2019 for contributions enhancing the national security of the Republic of Korea and for interoperability, combined operations and combat readiness. The United States Secretary of the Air Force did not approve the award, and Air Force members were not authorized to wear it.

Korean War

 * 1st Marine Division (Reinforced) for operations from 26 October 1950 to 27 July 1953, including the Inchon landing, Second Battle of Seoul and Battle of Chosin Reservoir
 * 58th Engineer Treadway Bridge Company for its bridge-building efforts with the X Corps at the Chosin Reservoir and the Inchon landing in 1950.
 * 7th Infantry Division three times. The first was for service at Inchon, the second for service during the period of 1950–1953, and finally for deployment to the Korean Peninsula from 1945 to 1948 and from 1953 to 1971.
 * The French Battalion of the UNO under the operational control of the 23rd U.S. Infantry Regiment, 2nd U.S. Infantry Division receive two times the Republic of Korea Presidential Unit Citation.
 * One Italian unit, the "Ospedale da Campo n° 68" (Field Hospital no. 68) of "Corpo Militare della Croce Rossa Italiana" (Military Corp of Italian Red Cross), was awarded this battle honour twice: October 6, 1952, and December 30, 1954.
 * One Turkish unit, Turkish Brigade, which repulsed a Chinese force three times its size during the battle of Kumyangjang-Ni (25–26 January) of the Korean War, was awarded the Presidential Unit Citation from the President of Korea on July 11, 1951.
 * The U.S. Army's 65th Infantry Regiment of the 3rd Infantry Division was awarded this battle honor twice during the Korean War. The first was for service in the Uijongbu Corridor in June 1951. The second was for service in the Iron Triangle at Hill 717 in July 1951.
 * One South African unit, the 2 Squadron SAAF was also awarded this battle honour. It was presented on November 1, 1951. It reads "This unit was dispatched from South Africa in support of the United Nations Forces in Korea. It was equipped with P-51 aircraft and has functioned continually in support of operations of the Eighth Army. Through all gallantry and devotion to duty of its personnel it has earned high praise and its losses in pilots have been heavy. It continued to meet cheerfully all tasks allotted to it, and gives a higher performance than is normally expected."
 * 16 Field Regiment of the Royal New Zealand Artillery.
 * A Dutch battalion (Van Heutsz) embedded into the US 2nd Infantry Division was awarded the U.S. Presidential Unit Citation in February 1951, for the capture of Hill 325, north of Manjong Station. The under-strength A Company, reinforced by personnel from B and heavy weapons companies, was ordered to recapture Hill 325 on 15 February 1951. At 0230 hrs the next morning, the Dutch were beaten back by heavy machine gun fire; at 0345 hrs, they tried again and this time advanced to within 300 meters of the crest before again being repulsed. Just before dawn, the exhausted Dutch, their ammunition almost expended, fixed bayonets and, shouting their battle cry, gained their objective. For these actions the Van Heutsz received its first U.S. Presidential Unit Citation. This came at a cost, however, as the battalion had suffered over a hundred casualties.
 * 17th Bombardment Wing, Light
 * The Greek Expeditionary Force as part of the United Nations multinational forces.
 * NORMASH


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Tasteless Ginny

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was merge and redirect to Ron and Fez. Dmcdevit·t 06:04, July 31, 2005 (UTC)

Tasteless Ginny
Not notable - she plays a marginal role in a call-in radio show, has run a website, and worked at a radio station. CDC  (talk)  22:20, 14 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete per above. Dcarrano 22:54, July 14, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep or Merge to Ron and Fez Ginny has played roles in the Ron and Fez show, Eddie Trunk's Friday Night Rocks show, and the Sports Guys show during WNEW's talk days.  She was the main producer during the Ron and Fez dot-com show, which is not a 'marginal position;' however new listeners may not recall her because her place in the show is the show's distant history, prior to 2001.  She's had contributions to three of WNEW's talk shows plus currently produces WNEW's overnight programming.  Her role, during her tenure on the Ron and Fez Show, was just as significant as Billy Staples and Al Dukes, both of whom have their own entries.
 * Delete or Merge to WNEW-FM; not notable enough for her own article. siafu 00:18, 15 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete royblumy 03:43, July 15, 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge with Ron and Fez
 * Merge and redirect to Ron and Fez. Not notable enough on her own. JamesBurns 03:54, 16 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge and redirect to Ron and Fez.
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
List of whisky distilleries in Scotland

This is an incomplete list of whisky distilleries in Scotland. According to the Scotch Whisky Association there were 143 distilleries licensed to produce Scotch whisky as of March 2023.

title: List of whisky distilleries in Scotland


text:
User talk:147.91.1.43

Balkans discretionary sanctions notification
-- Ks0stm (T•C•G•E) 22:06, 15 December 2014 (UTC)

November 2017
Hello, I'm Serols. I wanted to let you know that I reverted one of your recent contributions —the one you made with this edit to .exe— because it did not appear constructive. If you would like to experiment, please use the sandbox. If you think I made a mistake, or if you have any questions, you can leave me a message on my talk page. Thanks. Serols (talk) 17:59, 29 November 2017 (UTC)
 * If this is a shared IP address, and you did not make the edits, consider creating an account for yourself or logging in with an existing account so you can avoid further irrelevant notices.

November 2018
Hello, I'm Girth Summit. An edit that you recently made to Milan Pavkov seemed to be a test and has been removed. If you want more practice editing, please use the sandbox. If you think a mistake was made, or if you have any questions, you can leave me a message on my talk page. Thanks! Girth Summit  (blether) 11:10, 7 November 2018 (UTC)
 * If this is a shared IP address, and you did not make the edits, consider creating an account for yourself or logging in with an existing account so you can avoid further irrelevant notices.

January 2019
Hello, I'm Oshwah. I wanted to let you know that I reverted one of your recent contributions —specifically this edit to Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija— because it did not appear constructive. If you would like to experiment, please use the sandbox. If you have any questions, you can ask for assistance at the Help Desk. Thanks.  ~Oshwah~  (talk) (contribs)   07:25, 10 January 2019 (UTC)

Please refrain from making unconstructive edits to Wikipedia, as you did with this edit to Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija. Your edits appear to be vandalism and have been reverted or removed. If you would like to experiment, please use the sandbox. Repeated vandalism can result in the loss of editing privileges. Thank you.  ~Oshwah~  (talk) (contribs)   07:27, 10 January 2019 (UTC)

Please stop your disruptive editing. If you continue to vandalize Wikipedia, as you did with this edit to Chameleon, you may be blocked from editing. Shellwood (talk) 09:17, 28 January 2019 (UTC)

March 2019
Hello, I'm Newslinger. I wanted to let you know that I reverted one of your recent contributions —specifically this edit to Aleksandar Vulin— because it did not appear constructive. If you would like to experiment, please use the sandbox. If you have any questions, you can ask for assistance at the Help Desk. Thanks. —  Newslinger  talk   07:42, 20 March 2019 (UTC)

Please do not remove content or templates from pages on Wikipedia, as you did with this edit to Daniel Mladenov, without giving a valid reason for the removal in the edit summary. Your content removal does not appear constructive and has been reverted. Please make use of the sandbox if you'd like to experiment with test edits. Thank you. —  Newslinger  talk   08:04, 20 March 2019 (UTC)

Please stop your disruptive editing. If you continue to vandalize Wikipedia, as you did with this edit to Jovan Ilić, you may be blocked from editing. — RainFall 08:11, 20 March 2019 (UTC)

You may be blocked from editing without further warning the next time you add unsourced material to Wikipedia, as you did with this edit to Jovan Ilić. —  Newslinger  talk   08:15, 20 March 2019 (UTC)

January 2020
Please refrain from making unconstructive edits to Wikipedia, as you did at Anastasia (musical). Your edits appear to constitute vandalism and have been reverted. If you would like to experiment, please use the sandbox. Repeated vandalism may result in the loss of editing privileges. Thank you. Flami72 (talk) 12:42, 28 January 2020 (UTC)

November 2020
Please refrain from making unconstructive edits to Wikipedia, as you did at Menahem Mendel Beilis. Your edits appear to constitute vandalism and have been reverted. If you would like to experiment, please use the sandbox. Repeated vandalism may result in the loss of editing privileges. Thank you. --Bongwarrior (talk) 08:41, 2 November 2020 (UTC)

March 2021
Hello, I'm Ashleyyoursmile. I wanted to let you know that one or more of your recent contributions to Principality of Albania (medieval) have been undone because they did not appear constructive. If you would like to experiment, please use the sandbox. If you have any questions, you can ask for assistance at the Teahouse. Thanks. Ashley yoursmile!  07:11, 2 March 2021 (UTC)
 * If this is a shared IP address, and you did not make the edits referred to above, consider creating an account for yourself or logging in with an existing account so that you can avoid further irrelevant notices.

Please refrain from making unconstructive edits to Wikipedia, as you did at Kingdom of Albania (medieval). Your edits appear to constitute vandalism and have been reverted. If you would like to experiment, please use the sandbox. Repeated vandalism may result in the loss of editing privileges. Thank you. Ashley yoursmile!  07:13, 2 March 2021 (UTC)
 * If this is a shared IP address, and you did not make the edits referred to above, consider creating an account for yourself or logging in with an existing account so that you can avoid further irrelevant notices.

Please stop your disruptive editing. If you continue to vandalize Wikipedia, as you did at Publican, you may be blocked from editing. LOMRJYO(About × contribs) 23:55, 11 March 2021 (UTC)

June 2021
Hello, I'm Kleinpecan. I noticed that you recently removed content from Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija without adequately explaining why. In the future, it would be helpful to others if you described your changes to Wikipedia with an accurate edit summary. If this was a mistake, don't worry; the removed content has been restored. If you would like to experiment, please use the sandbox. If you think I made a mistake, or if you have any questions, you can leave me a message on my talk page. Thanks. Kleinpecan (talk) 07:14, 18 June 2021 (UTC)

September 2021
Hello, I'm IdreamofJeanie. I wanted to let you know that one or more of your recent contributions to Single parent have been undone because they did not appear constructive. If you would like to experiment, please use the sandbox. If you have any questions, you can ask for assistance at the Teahouse.   IdreamofJeanie (talk) 08:47, 8 September 2021 (UTC)

December 2021
Hello, I'm Synoman Barris. I wanted to let you know that I reverted one of your recent contributions—specifically this edit to Biblical people in Islam—because it did not appear constructive. If you would like to experiment, please use the sandbox. If you have any questions, you can ask for assistance at the Help desk. Thanks. Megan B....  It’s all coming to me till the end of time  17:06, 23 December 2021 (UTC)

January 2023
Hello, I'm InterestGather. I wanted to let you know that I reverted one of your recent contributions—specifically this edit to Igor Zlatanović—because it did not appear constructive. If you would like to experiment, please use the sandbox. If you have any questions, you can ask for assistance at the Teahouse or the Help desk. Thanks. ✯✬✩InterestGather (talk) 10:49, 24 January 2023 (UTC)

title: User talk:147.91.1.43


text:
Philippine Republic Presidential Unit Citation

The Philippine Presidential Unit citation Badge is a unit decoration of the Republic of the Philippines. It has been awarded to certain units of the United States military and the Philippine Commonwealth military for actions both during and subsequent to the Second World War.

Appearance and wear
When the Philippine Presidential Unit Citation is worn on the Philippine military uniform (right side) it is as a blue, white, and red ribbon 1+3/8 in wide surrounded by a gold frame. No U.S. ribbon devices are authorized for wear with this award.

Smaller version
Foreign military unit members who are authorized to wear this unit award, either wear the award on the right side of the uniform (e.g., United States Army) with any other same size unit award emblems or wear the slightly smaller size version of the award on the left side of the uniform (e.g., United States Navy, United States Marine Corps, United States Coast Guard, United States Air Force) with their other service ribbons.

History
The Philippine Republic Presidential Unit Citation Badge (PRPUCB) was established by Headquarters, Philippine National Defense Forces, on September 14, 1946, to be award for extraordinary meritorious service during World War II. The award is made in the name of the President of the Republic of the Philippines.

World War II
All U.S. military units and naval vessels that earned any of the Philippine service stars and certain submarines which maintained physical contact with the newly established armed forces of the Commonwealth of the Philippines and local recognized guerrilla forces during the Japanese occupation of the Philippine Islands during World War II are entitled to the award:

 * For service in defense of the Philippines from December 7, 1941, to May 10, 1942
 * For service in the liberation of the Philippines from October 17, 1944, to July 4, 1945

Disaster relief operations
The Philippine Presidential Unit Citation for disaster relief operations was bestowed on:
 * The Philippine military and the U.S. Navy Disaster Task Force (September 1 to December 14, 1970) and Navy and Marine Corps Units of Joint U.S. Military Advisory Group, Philippines Amphibious Ready Group Alpha (October 21–26, 1970) for relief efforts during several natural disasters which occurred in the Philippines during August 1 to December 15, 1970 (a series of typhoons) and from July 21 to August 15, 1972 (monsoon rains and associated floods).
 * The U.S. Naval Hospital, Subic Bay for the period of August 1, 1987, to November 30, 1991, and
 * The guided-missile cruiser USS Sterett (CG-31) for the period of May 1989 to June 1999.
 * Joint Task Force 510 and Joint Special Operations Task Force-Philippines in February 2005, by President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo to members of the two units serving between January 31, 2002, and July 31, 2002, in support of RP-US Exercise Balikatan 02–1 in Southern Mindanao. JTF-510/JSOTF-Philippines aimed at reducing the threats of terrorism and provided assistance with training, socio-economic activities and civil engineering projects, particularly in Basilan and Zamboanga City (Ref: RP General Order No. 146, dated Feb 2, 5, Subj:  Award of the Philippine Republic Presidential Unit citation Badge).


text:
User talk:Sunderland~enwiki

Welcome from Redwolf24
Welcome!

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. We as a community are glad to have you and thank you for creating a user account! Here are a few good links for newcomers:
 * The Five Pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
 * Editing, policy, conduct, and structure tutorial
 * Picture tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Naming conventions
 * Manual of Style
 * Merging, redirecting, and renaming pages
 * If you're ready for the complete list of Wikipedia documentation, there's also Topical index.

Yes some of the links appear a bit boring at first, but they are VERY helpful if you ever take the time to read them.

Remember to place any articles you create into a category so we don't get orphans.

I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, please be sure to sign your name on Talk and vote pages using four tildes (~~~~) to produce your name and the current date, or three tildes (~~~) for just your name. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my Talk page. Again, welcome.

Redwolf24

P.S. I like messages :-P

WP:LOTD/WP:LOTM
Congratulations on getting what appears to be your first successful WP:FL during the last month. You may want to get involved in our List of the Day/List of the Month experiment. Feel free to help us select next months lists at User:TonyTheTiger/List of the Day/voting/200808 or nominate your list for consideration to be a LOTD in September at User:TonyTheTiger/List of the Day/Nominees/200809.--TonyTheTiger (t/c/bio/WP:CHICAGO/WP:LOTM) 21:11, 11 July 2008 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Sunderland. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Sunderland~enwiki that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name. If you think you might own all of the accounts with this name and this message is in error, please visit Special:MergeAccount to check and attach all of your accounts to prevent them from being renamed.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 02:55, 20 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 19:20, 22 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Sunderland~enwiki


text:
Michael Glos

Michael Glos (born 14 December 1944) is a German politician of the Christian Social Union (CSU) who served as Minister for Economics and Technology in the government of Chancellor Angela Merkel from 22 November 2005 until 10 February 2009.

Early life and career
After the secondary school level, Glos made an apprenticeship as miller and became master in 1967. Starting 1968, he managed his parents' flour mill in Prichsenstadt.

Career in local politics
Glos joined the CSU in 1970. In 1972, he was the first chairman of the CSU-chapter of his hometown Prichsenstadt. From 1975 to 1993, he was chairman of the CSU chapter of Kitzingen. From 1976 he was part of the executive board of the CSU in Lower Franconia. From then he was also part of the CSU leadership. From 1972 to 1978, Glos was member of the district council of Prichsenstadt and, from 1975 to 1993, member of the council of the district (Kreistag) of Kitzingen.

Career in national politics
Glos first became a member of the Bundestag in the 1976 elections, representing the Schweinfurt district. From 1993 to 2005 he was chairman of the CSU parliamentary group and deputy chairman of the CDU/CSU parliamentary group.

Following the 2005 elections, Glos was appointed as Federal Minister for Economic Affairs and Technology at short notice when CSU leader Edmund Stoiber rejected it. Merkel had reportedly wanted to appoint him as Federal Minister of Defence.

During his time in government, Glos was widely considered one of the weakest members of Chancellor Merkel's cabinet and had often seemed to struggle with his portfolio. Among other projects, he led efforts on a 2008 law that allows the government to block moves by foreign investors to take large stakes in German companies, if it concludes that they endanger the country's interests.

On 7 February 2009, Glos offered his resignation as minister, which was first denied by Horst Seehofer, but later accepted. He justified his resignation with his age and the need for renewal in the CSU after Seehofer's election as CSU chairman.

Other activities

 * KfW, Ex-Officio Member of the Board of Supervisory Directors (2006–2009)

Personal life
Glos is married and father of two children. His third child died in a car accident near Munich in 1997.

title: Michael Glos


text:
Michelangeli

Michelangeli is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

 * Arturo Benedetti Michelangeli (1920–1995), Italian classical pianist
 * Marcella Michelangeli (born 1943), Italian actress
 * Umberto Benedetti Michelangeli (born 1952), Italian conductor

title: Michelangeli


text:
Vietnam Presidential Unit Citation

The Vietnam Presidential Unit Citation (Huy chương Tổng thống) was a military unit award established by the State of Vietnam (1949–1955) as the State of Vietnam Friendship Ribbon on August 15, 1950. The Vietnam Presidential Unit Citation is considered obsolete since the Republic of Vietnam (South Vietnam) (1955–1975) no longer exists.

History
The State of Vietnam Friendship Ribbon (aka State of Vietnam Ribbon of Friendship, Vietnam Presidential Unit Citation, and Republic of Vietnam Presidential Unit Citation) with gold frame, was awarded to the members of the U.S. Military Assistance Advisory Group who served in Indo-China during August and September 1954 and participated in humanitarian assistance to Vietnam. The unit award was approved for wear by the U.S. Department of the Army, General Orders No. 16, on February 28, 1955, which required that those wearing it on their uniforms (worn to the left of the Philippine or Republic of Korea Presidential Unit Citation) remove it prior to departure from the area; that requirement was rescinded by General Orders No. 5, February 11, 1958.

U.S. Navy personnel who are eligible for the Vietnam Presidential Unit Citation may wear the award. No Marine Corps personnel, however, are eligible for this award.

According to the U.S. Coast Guard, the Republic of Vietnam Presidential Unit Citation was also awarded throughout the war to certain U.S. military units deemed to have performed exceptional service to Vietnam. However, the RVN PUC is not mentioned in the 1967 RVN awards manual nor the Department of the Army Pamphlet DA 672-3 (Unit Citation Credit) as an authorized unit award.

Appearance and wear
The ribbon is 1+3/8 in wide and surrounded by a gold frame. No ribbon devices are authorized for wear with this award.

Foreign military unit members who were authorized to wear this unit award either wore the award on the right side of the uniform (e.g. U.S. Army) with any other same size unit award emblems or wore the slightly smaller size version of the award on the left side of the uniform (e.g. U.S. Navy, Marine Corps, Coast Guard, Air Force) with their other service ribbons.

U.S. recipients
State of Vietnam Friendship Ribbon:

 * Military Assistance Advisory Group, Indochina
 * Citation: During the months of August and September 1954, the members of the Military Assistance Advisory Group assisted to freedom from the terrors of Communist rule in their own territory of North and Central Vietnam, hundreds of thousands of men, women, and children. Thanks to the efficient and humanitarian assistance of the members of Military Assistance Advisory Group these refugees have been given an opportunity to start their lives anew in the free territories of Viet-Nam. The free people of Viet-Nam express their heartfelt gratitude for this unselfish manifestation of friendship and support.

 * Task Force 90

title: Vietnam Presidential Unit Citation


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Xiu Miu Siu

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete. Dmcdevit·t 06:00, July 31, 2005 (UTC)

Xiu Miu Siu
A musician who used his own blood in a "water organ". Implausible, unreferenced, apparently unverifiable since all the google hits are wikipedia or mirrors. There are some other implausible claims in linked articles. Kappa 22:22, 14 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, hoax; his "hit" "Blood Organ Revival" gets 0 non-Wiki Google hits, and IMDB "Rocky" article makes no mention of his name in the credits. ("Eye of the Tiger" was from "Rocky III" anyway.)  Of course, the whole idea of the article is ludicrous on the face of it, but, just making it clear.  Dcarrano 23:01, July 14, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, per above. Phoenix2 23:13, July 14, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Friday 23:30, 14 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete hoax royblumy 03:43, July 15, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete unverifiable. JamesBurns 03:55, 16 July 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Jemal Johnson

Jemal Pierre Johnson (born May 3, 1985) is an American former professional soccer player. In a 15-year career, he scored 53 goals in 391 league and cup appearances.

He started his career at Premier League club Blackburn Rovers, making several appearances for the club between 2004 and 2006, having graduated through the club's academy. After a season at Wolverhampton Wanderers, he joined Milton Keynes Dons in summer 2007. As well as these three clubs, he has also spent loan periods at Preston North End, Darlington, Leeds United, Stockport County, and Port Vale. He spent the first half of 2011 with the Bulgarian side Lokomotiv Sofia before returning to England in the summer to sign for Southend United; Southend released him in December 2011, and two months later signed with Dover Athletic. He joined Tamworth in September 2012. Having made one appearance for the club, he left Tamworth to return to the United States with the Fort Lauderdale Strikers. He went on to play for the New York Cosmos in the 2014 season, for Jacksonville Armada the following three seasons. Then he joined Fresno FC in January 2018.

Blackburn Rovers
Though born in the United States, Johnson's family moved to Macclesfield when he was five. Originally signed by Manchester United, Johnson joined Blackburn Rovers' Academy when he was sixteen.

Johnson made his first-team debut as a substitute in Rovers' FA Cup Third round 1–1 tie at Cardiff City on January 8, 2005, replacing Paul Dickov after 89 minutes. He scored his first senior goal, in his first start, on January 29 at Ewood Park, in Blackburn's Fourth Round 3–0 victory over Colchester United. He also played in the Fifth Round goalless draw with Burnley at Turf Moor, but played not further part in Rovers' semi-final run. He also made three substitute appearances in the Premier League during the 2004–05 season.

In October 2005, he joined Championship side Preston North End on loan, he played three games at Deepdale, scoring against Hull City. In March 2006 he joined League Two Darlington on a six-week loan,  manager David Hodgson having tracked him since July 2004. Johnson scored three times in nine starts.

Wolverhampton Wanderers
Having failed to establish himself in the Rovers first-team, Johnson joined Championship club Wolverhampton Wanderers in August 2006 for an undisclosed fee. He scored two match-winning goals in his first two league games for the club – to the delight of manager Mick McCarthy, but by the end of the season he scored just one further goal. He joined Leeds United on a three-month loan in February 2007 but had a frustrating time at Elland Road, making just five appearances. Back at Molineux, he was placed on the transfer list.

Milton Keynes Dons
In August 2007, Paul Ince's Milton Keynes Dons paid an undisclosed fee for Johnson, and he signed a two-year contract. In his first season at the club, he scored some vital goals, including one against Swansea City to help get the Dons into the Football League Trophy final. He also played at Wembley in the final itself, as the Dons beat Grimsby Town 2–0 to lift the trophy. He also helped the club top the League Two table.

Johnson struck six times in 2008–09, as the Dons finished two points off an automatic promotion place in the Championship. He did not feature in the play-off encounter with eventual promotion winners Scunthorpe United. His contract ran out in May 2009; however, he re-signed with the club in July 2009, penning a new two-year deal after former Wolves player Paul Ince returned to the management post.

Despite starting the 2009–10 season well, scoring a hat-trick against Northampton Town in a pre-season friendly, he lost his first-team place in November. In January 2010, MK Dons announced that Johnson was to join League One Stockport County on loan for the remaining six months of the season, alongside teammates Jabo Ibehre, Danny Swailes and Richie Partridge. All four MK Dons players, plus Colchester United's David Perkins started for County against Swindon Town on January 19. He went on to score two goals in sixteen appearances for Stockport during his loan spell, as the club dropped out of the league in bottom place – a whole 25 points from safety.

Johnson had trials with two Major League Soccer clubs in August 2010 – D.C. United and Kansas City Wizards, but neither club offered him a contract. New Zealand club Wellington Phoenix FC did offer him a contract, though nothing came of the offer. Back at Stadium MK he once again found himself on the bench. He joined Port Vale on a one-month loan in September 2010, manager Micky Adams intending to use the player on the wing following Lewis Haldane's injury and Abdulai Bell-Baggie's departure. Vale seemed to have extended Johnson's loan spell by a further month, however, his parent club recalled him at the last minute. In January 2011 Johnson left Milton Keynes Dons when his contract was terminated by mutual consent.

Lokomotiv Sofia
In January 2011, he rejected offers from English league clubs and instead moved to Bulgaria to play for top-flight side Lokomotiv Sofia. On 28 February, he made his first appearance for the "Railwaymen" in a 2–0 home win against Montana. He left the club by mutual consent in the summer following a fourth-place finish in the league.

Southend United
In July 2011, Johnson returned to England to sign a twelve-month contract (with an option to extend) with League Two side Southend United. He made two starts and five substitute appearances for the "Shrimpers" before October 28, when he was placed under police arrest for his alleged role in a fight outside a nightclub in Ilford. On November 30, Southend United confirmed that he was under a two-week club suspension whilst a "full review" into his actions took place. Three weeks later the club announced that he would be released.

Non-League football
In February 2012, he signed for Dover Athletic until the end of the season, having impressed impressing boss Nicky Forster on trial. He was not offered a contract at the end of the 2011–12 season however, and was released in May 2012.

Johnson joined Conference National side Tamworth on non-contract terms in September 2012. However, he played just 18 minutes as a substitute before leaving The Lamb Ground.

Fort Lauderdale Strikers
Johnson joined Fort Lauderdale Strikers of the North American Soccer League for the spring period of the 2013 season. On June 23, he played in an international friendly against Brazilian side Cruzeiro Esporte Clube in front of a season-high crowd at Lockhart Stadium.

New York Cosmos
In June 2013, it was confirmed by the New York Cosmos and their head coach Giovanni Savarese that Johnson would be playing for them starting in the fall period of the 2013 season. During the Cosmos' pre-season tour of England Johnson suffered a knee injury against Leyton Orient, ruling him out of action for the beginning of the fall season. He made his Cosmos' debut on November 2, playing 18 minutes as a substitute in a 1–0 win over the Atlanta Silverbacks. Due to his knee injury, this was the only action Johnson saw in the 2013 campaign.

In 2014, Johnson was a regular contributor to the Cosmos attack. On 26 July, he scored his first goal for the Cosmos in a 1–1 draw with his former club, Fort Lauderdale Strikers. Playing primarily on the left wing, Johnson had one goal and two assists in 19 appearances during the 2014 NASL regular season.

Jacksonville Armada
In December 2014, Johnson made the move to the newly formed NASL club Jacksonville Armada. He scored the first goal of the opening game of the 2015 regular season, which in addition to making him Armada's first competitive goalscorer, his strike at 12 seconds into the game set the modern-era NASL record for fastest goal. He ended the 2015 season with five goals in 29 matches. He scored two goals in 24 appearances across the 2016 season. The 2017 season would be his last at Hodges Stadium, and he played 24 games without scoring a goal for Mark Lowry's "Boys in Blue".

Fresno
On January 18, 2018, Johnson signed a one-year contract with newly formed United Soccer League side Fresno FC. He scored nine goals in 30 games during the 2018 season as head coach Adam Smith led the team to a 12th-place finish. He scored seven goals in 33 games in the 2019 season; Fresno reached the Conference Quarterfinals, where they were beaten 3–2 by El Paso Locomotive FC at Chukchansi Park.

Style of play
Johnson is a pacey player; he also has good shooting ability from long-range and is also effective in one-on-one situations.

Honors
Milton Keynes Dons
 * League Two: 2007–08
 * Football League Trophy: 2007–08

New York Cosmos
 * North American Soccer League: 2013

title: Jemal Johnson


text:
Talk:Green Party of Manitoba

Untitled
Does anyone have the story on Buchart's departure as leader? CJCurrie 22:23, 14 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Never mind -- found it. CJCurrie 22:23, 14 July 2005 (UTC)

Provincial/Federal links
"The party is legally autonomous from the Green Party of Canada, though for several years many of its members also belonged to the Green Party of Canada in Manitoba, a federal organization established in 1996. (The two organizations were separated in May 2005.)"

Since the organizations were never formally linked, how could a "separation" have occurred? Could someone please clarify? CJCurrie 01:23, 7 August 2005 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just added archive links to 3 one external links on Green Party of Manitoba. Please take a moment to review my edit. If necessary, add after the link to keep me from modifying it. Alternatively, you can add to keep me off the page altogether. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/20140106082442/http://greenparty.mb.ca/policies/policies to http://greenparty.mb.ca/policies/policies
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/20140106040727/http://greenparty.mb.ca/press_releases/alain-landry-appointed-green-party-interim-leader to http://greenparty.mb.ca/press_releases/alain-landry-appointed-green-party-interim-leader
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/20140113073135/http://www.electionsmanitoba.ca/en/Voting/Candidates/MorrisOn to http://www.electionsmanitoba.ca/en/Voting/Candidates/MorrisOn

When you have finished reviewing my changes, please set the checked parameter below to true to let others know.

Cheers.—cyberbot II  Talk to my owner :Online 17:51, 8 January 2016 (UTC)

Hoping to help bring this page up to date; declaring COI
Hello Folks:

I have just performed some very small updates to the Infobox and added a couple of citations. I notice that this page is not in the best of shape (poor citations, infrequently edited so out of date) so I would like to do some work to help rectify that. I would like to start by helping to find more citations, which I may do in many small bursts or a couple of larger edits. I will also have a look through the article more closely and ask questions here if I think major edits need to be made.

I do need to declare a possible conflict of interest for this page: I am a member and volunteer for the party and I am an elected officer to the Executive council, serving currently as interim youth representative. I understand It'd be preferred for someone else to update this page, but in several years it seems to have recieved very little attention, so I want to just help get the ball rolling again. I am not contributing to this page at the request (nor with the knowledge) of the GPM. I do not think I should run into many (if any) conflict of interest issues as my role in the party is rather minor and insignificant, but regardless I will focus on small edits for the time being and make sure to consult this talk page frequently.

Lastly, I am pretty new to Wikipedia, so please take every opportunity to let me know what I'm doing wrong - I really appreciate it.

PearsonSingbeil (talk) 07:12, 29 October 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Green Party of Manitoba


text:
Talk:History of anatomy in ancient times

USAD uses this. Yes, that United States Academic Decathlon.

Globalize
Article currently lacks references to anatomy in ancient India (Ayurveda texts Sushruta), or anywhere else such as China. --Mereda 18:26, 1 June 2006 (UTC)

Redirection
I have redirected this page to the page the material was originally broken out of, History of anatomy. The text that was located here was part of a massive chunk of early 20th century encyclopedia text that was added in 2002 and has been largely untouched since then, although it has been split across articles on a number of occasions. Based on this track record, I believe that this text, through its sheer volume, confusing-ness, and inapproachabillity, has been actively inhibiting progress on these articles, and I am redirecting accordingly. Please discuss this change on Talk:History of anatomy. Thanks, --RobthTalkCleanup? 18:53, 10 June 2006 (UTC)


text:
Elvis (1968 TV program)

Singer Presents ... Elvis, commonly referred to as the  ' 68 Comeback Special, is an Elvis Presley concert special that aired on NBC on December 3, 1968. It marked Presley's return to live performance after a seven-year period during which he focused on his film appearances.

The concert was initially planned as a Christmas special by the network and Presley's manager, Colonel Tom Parker. Producer Bob Finkel hired director Steve Binder, who, rather than creating a Christmas special, created a concert that would reflect the musical trends of the time and appeal to a younger audience. Filming took place in June 1968 at NBC Studios in Burbank, California. The special included a sit-down session that showcased Presley in an informal setting, surrounded by fans and a small band.

The special received positive reviews and topped the Nielsen television ratings for the week in which it aired. It became the most-watched show of the television season, earning 42% of the television audience. Later known as the Comeback Special, it relaunched Presley's singing career.

Background
After he returned from serving in the United States Army in March 1960, Presley enjoyed success with his album releases. G.I. Blues, the soundtrack album to his 1960 film G.I. Blues, topped both the Billboard pop albums chart and the UK Albums Chart in October 1960. On March 25, 1961, Presley played a concert in Hawaii to benefit the construction of the USS Arizona Memorial. It would be his last public performance for seven years. Presley's next number-one album on the Billboard pop albums chart was Something for Everybody, released in June 1961.

Presley's manager Colonel Tom Parker shifted the focus of Presley's career to films and stopped him from touring. The films were low-budget, formulaic comedies that were successful at the box office, while the resulting albums sold well. Presley attempted to move into more dramatic roles, trying to reduce the prominence of musical numbers to center on his acting with Flaming Star (1960) and Wild in the Country (1961). Both releases flopped, and by 1964 Parker decided to limit all recordings exclusively to film soundtracks. Parker then set the Presley formula: the films would promote album releases, while album releases would promote the films.

To reduce costs, producer Hal Wallis shortened filming schedules, almost abandoning rehearsals and retakes. He stopped shooting on location; all films were to be shot in the studio, and less-experienced crews were used to reduce labor costs. Scenes were limited to long shots, medium shots and close-ups to speed the process. Meanwhile, studio recordings also declined in quality; session musicians did most of the work as Presley simply didn't have time to focus on recording. He was paid $750,000 and received 50% of the film profits for his appearance in Tickle Me (1965), a sum that consumed most of the film's budget. Because Allied Artists was experiencing financial problems, Parker inserted unused songs from other studio sessions on the soundtrack and instructed the studio to work them into the film. The tight production worked, and Tickle Me was a box-office success.

Girl Happy (1965) marked the first failure of this approach. The soundtrack was Presley's least successful release, while the film barely grossed $2 million. Despite the success of Parker's model, Presley grew increasingly discontented. With the passage of time, he felt that his connection to the music business was weakening, causing depression and alienation as the quality of his films deteriorated. During a five-year span from 1964 through 1968, Presley had only one top-ten hit, "Crying in the Chapel" (1965), a gospel number recorded in 1960. While the 1964 film Viva Las Vegas enjoyed success, the ensuing films saw a progressive decline. By 1967, the difficulty of negotiating with Parker and the poor performance of the films led Wallis to opt out of his contract with Presley.

NBC deal
In October 1967, Parker approached Tom Sarnoff, NBC West Coast vice president, to propose a Christmas television special. The US$1,250,000 package (about $ in prices) included the financing of a motion picture (for US$850,000), its soundtrack (for US$25,000), the television special (US$250,000) and US$125,000 reserved for the costs related to a rerun. The special was to be included in the feature Singer Presents ..., sponsored by the Singer Corporation.

Presley's initial reaction to the special was negative. He felt that it was another scheme concocted by Parker and was angered by the idea of singing Christmas carols on national television. However, his opinion changed after he began talks with the special's producer, Bob Finkel, who persuaded Singer, NBC and Parker to alter the show's original concept. Finkel obtained Parker's approval that the show was to be centered only on Presley, while enough material for a soundtrack album and a Christmas single was to be recorded. Presley's enthusiasm for the project grew, and he assured Finkel that he was ready to perform new material, different from anything he had previously done. He had no interest in Parker's opinion of the project.

To reflect the new intended direction of Presley's career, Finkel recruited director Steve Binder, who had directed the concert film T.A.M.I. Show and worked for NBC on Hullabaloo and a Petula Clark special. Finkel felt that hiring Binder would refresh Presley's image and that Binder would be able to introduce Presley to new audiences. Initially reluctant to direct the special, Binder was convinced by his associate Bones Howe, who had met Presley during the 1950s while he worked at Radio Recorders as an audio engineer. He insisted on working with Presley as he thought that Binder had similar production methods. A meeting was arranged during which Parker assured that the team would have full creative control but stressed that the publishing rights must be under Presley's name. Howe and Binder met with Presley later that week and informed him that they would prepare all of the details for the special by the time that Presley would return from his vacation in Hawaii.

Production
Binder and Howe hired the production crew, repeating their collaboration with various people whom they had used for past specials. Billy Goldenberg was assigned as the musical director, while the Presley camp chose Billy Strange as the arranger. Chris Bearde and Allan Blye were hired as the writers, and Bill Belew for the costume design. Bearde and Blye proposed an idea based on Maurice Maeterlinck's The Blue Bird that was intended to portray Presley's career through his songs. Singer's representative Alfred Discipio approved the idea, as did Parker. The snippets of the story were connected by a number covering Jerry Reed's "Guitar Man." An informal segment was planned featuring Presley talking to members of his entourage in a scripted conversation that was to show him as self-deprecating while discussing his film performances. A gospel number would be added, as well as a live standup performance. The Christmas song, requested by Parker, would then be played, and the special would close with a spoken statement by Presley. According to Binder, Parker wanted Elvis to "come out in a tux and sing Christmas songs." Binder, however, wanted Presley to express his feelings about the current social climate, as Presley had been moved by the recent assassinations of Senator Robert F. Kennedy and Reverend Martin Luther King Jr. King's assassination deeply touched Presley, who felt that the murder, which occurred in Memphis, Tennessee, "only confirmed everyone's worst feelings about the south."

By June 3, Presley returned to Hollywood to start the rehearsals that would last for two weeks. Howe insisted on the possibility of a soundtrack album from which he would earn royalties as its producer. NBC saw Howe's attitude as a potential danger to the special and ordered Binder to remove him from the staff. The production was further complicated when Goldenberg complained to Binder that Strange had not completed any musical arrangements for the special with only two weeks before the end of preproduction. Strange left the project, alleging that he was too busy with other projects. A week before the end of rehearsals, the production team allowed Howe to return as producer and engineer.

On June 4, Senator Robert Kennedy was shot at the Ambassador Hotel in Los Angeles after giving a live television speech; he died two days later. Binder stated in a 2005 interview with Elvis Australia that "One night when we were rehearsing, the television set was on the other room and all of a sudden there was this moment of silence. And I said, 'I think Bobby Kennedys just been shot'. And we all rushed into the other office and that's exactly what happened. They had live at the Ambassador Hotel, Kennedy making his speech. We were in the piano room at the time, but there was just something weird that evening and I just sensed something had gone wrong. Then we spent the whole night basically talking about the Kennedy assassination, of both Bobby and John." According to Binder, this event would further motivate Presley to record "If I Can Dream" as the special's closing number.

On June 17, the team moved to the NBC studios in Burbank, California. Goldenberg asked Finkel to remove Presley's large entourage from the production area, complaining that they interfered with the creative process. Presley worked with choreographer Lance LeGault on the planned numbers, and Belew worked with the costumes.

Binder and Howe developed the concept of the informal section of the show after seeing Presley interacting with his entourage while playing music during breaks. Binder planned to shoot the segment in the locker room to give the public a sense of how Presley's music was developed in an intimate setting, but Parker opposed this concept. Binder settled for a sit-down concert on a small stage that resembled a boxing ring. He called Presley's first backup musicians, Scotty Moore and DJ Fontana, to accentuate the nature of Presley's musical origins (Presley's original bassist Bill Black had died in 1965). They were also joined by two members of Presley's entourage, Charlie Hodge and Alan Fortas. The scripted part was canceled but the writers gave Presley a list of topics to discuss between songs. The topics included mentions of his early career, his Hollywood years and the current music business.

On June 20, Presley started the recording process at United Western Recorders. Howe arranged for the rhythm section, session musicians from Los Angeles. The band was composed of drummer Hal Blaine and guitarists Mike Deasy and Tommy Tedesco. Members of the string and brass sections of the NBC orchestra were also enlisted. All of the special's music, except for that of the live sections, was prerecorded by Presley. It was to be blended with live vocals during the production numbers, which were taped on June 27.

On the same day, Presley taped the first sit-down show. Parker had told the NBC team that he would handle ticket distribution. He assured them that he would recruit fans from across the country to fill the studio. However, by the day of the show, Parker had not distributed the tickets, and only a few people were in line to see the taping. Binder and Finkel invited people from a restaurant across the street and aired a radio announcement to gather an audience. Presley was nervous at the beginning of the first hour-long set. Binder had to convince him to take the stage, but once there, Presley was comfortable. He performed his songs and traded jokes with his companions as the session progressed. By the end of the first show, Belew had to carefully remove the sweat-soaked leather suit that was now stuck to Presley's skin. To prepare the suit for the next show, Belew had to wash it by hand. He was helped by the costume crew, who used hairdryers to hasten the process. During the first show, the producers were concerned about the effects of the toe-tapping on the recordings, so for the 8 p.m. show, rubber mats were placed at the feet of Presley and the band members. The second show found Presley relaxed and running through the set list with ease.

On June 29, Presley recorded both stand-up sessions. As with the first two shows, the cameras that shot Presley from different angles did not have individual taping machines. The director would choose the camera angle that he desired and the cameras would then feed either of the two available taping machines. The arrangements of the songs for the stand-up shows were fast-paced, and Presley accompanied them with shakes, gyrations and facial expressions that he emphasized with fist gestures and knee-drops.

For the show's closer, Binder decided to replace the spoken statement with a song. He instructed Goldenberg and lyricist Walter Earl Brown to write a song that reflected Presley and his beliefs, and Brown wrote "If I Can Dream" that same night. Binder sent it to Parker, who still thought that the show closer was to be "I'll Be Home for Christmas." After Parker's negative response to the song, Binder bypassed him and played the song for Presley. After hearing it three times, Presley was convinced that he should record it. Seeing Presley's determination, Parker demanded 100 percent of the publishing rights. Goldenberg removed his name from the publishing sheet and told Parker that Brown had written the song. For the "If I Can Dream" number, Presley wore a three-piece white suit designed by Belew. A large sign in red letters that read ELVIS was placed on a black background, and Presley performed the song with a hand-held microphone. After finishing the song, Presley closed the special by saying "Thank you, Good night."

Release and reception
The special's final running time was fifty minutes, edited from four hours of taping; Presley was satisfied with the result. Singer Presents...Elvis aired five months later on Tuesday, December 3, at 9 p.m. EST. It placed first in the Nielsen television ratings for the week ending on December 8, displacing Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In (also on NBC), which dropped to the second position. Forty-two percent of the total television audience viewed it, making it the most-watched show of the season. The special's soundtrack was released shortly afterward. It reached number eight on Billboard's Top LPs chart, and by July 1969, it was certified gold. The special was shown in the United Kingdom on 31 December 1969 on BBC2 under the title The Fabulous Elvis.

In his review for The New York Times, critic Robert Shelton wrote: "Parts of the hour program were unbelievably stagey, but other parts were believably effective and natural glimpses of one of the pop-culture phenomenons of the century at work where he works best, in music. ... What this special points out is that this charismatic performer was at his best 10 years ago, but he hasn't lost his grip on the best music he had to offer then. Today's rock generation will, more than likely, ask that the real, early Presley stand up."

Despite calling Presley's films "atrocities," a Chicago Tribune reviewer wrote that "it's great to have the old Elvis back" and characterized the performance as "dynamic, compelling, incredibly sensual."

The Los Angeles Times deemed Presley's performance "anticlimactic" in comparison to other rock-and-roll acts of the time. The review assured that Presley "managed to sustain the hour very well" but that "some of the magic was gone, diminished."

The Philadelphia Inquirer wrote: "What separates real from ersatz stars is the quality of excitement, and this Presley generated generously whether singing, swinging, chatting with sidemen and an ecstatic audience or pacing restlessly like a caged animal."

The Associated Press praised the set design as well as Presley's appearance that felt "sort of like old times."

A review by the Newspaper Enterprise Association published in the El Paso Herald-Post held that the special showcased a renewed and "more mature" Presley.

The Daily Tar Heel published a favorable review of the special, remarking on the change since Presley's heyday, declaring: "Elvis still has magic."

The Ottawa Journal praised Presley while noting that he delivered a calmer stage presence compared to that of his early days. The reviewer lamented the editing of the program and the selection of the "cage-like stage" in which Presley appeared to pace "not at ease."

The Guardian defined the performances by Presley as "marvellous stuff, performed with a faint hint of self-mockery" but lamented the inclusion of choreography and "ludicrous choral throbs."

Aftermath
After the taping of the first sit-down session, Presley called Parker to his dressing room to inform him that he wanted to return to touring. During a press conference, Parker announced that Presley would soon embark on a "comeback tour." Parker's choice of words angered Presley, who felt that he was being labeled a "has-been." Presley was also interested in further collaboration with Binder, but Parker avoided it.

By January 1969, propelled by the success of the special and with his renewed enthusiasm, Presley began his return to recording non-soundtrack albums with producer Chips Moman. Recorded at American Sound Studio with the house band known as the Memphis Boys, the resulting single "In the Ghetto" reached #3 and was soon followed by a country-soul album titled From Elvis in Memphis. "Suspicious Minds," a standalone single from the sessions released in late August, also topped the charts and became one of Presley's signature songs. In July 1969, Rolling Stone featured Presley on the cover for the first time, featuring a photo from one of the television special's stand-up performances with the black leather outfit.

Parker arranged Presley's return to live performance. He arranged a deal with Kirk Kerkorian, owner of the Las Vegas International Hotel, for Presley to play the newly built, 2,000-seat showroom for four weeks (two shows per night) for $400,000. For his return to Las Vegas, Presley assembled a core rhythm section later given the moniker the TCB Band: James Burton (lead guitar), John Wilkinson (rhythm guitar), Jerry Scheff (bass), Ron Tutt (drums), Larry Muhoberac (piano) and Charlie Hodge (rhythm guitar, stage assistant). Presley also hired two backing vocal groups, the Sweet Inspirations and the Imperials. His initial Las Vegas booking, 57 shows in July–August 1969, attracted a total audience of 101,500, a Las Vegas attendance record. In 1970, Presley toured the U.S. for the first time since October–November 1957, with every show a sellout.

Rereleases
NBC rebroadcast the special in the summer of 1969. The song "Blue Christmas" was replaced by the number "Tiger Man" at Parker's request. In 1977, the program was aired after Presley's death as a special titled Memories of Elvis, hosted by Ann-Margret. It included a bordello scene that was originally approved by the censors but had been removed at the request of the Singer Corporation to avoid controversy.

In 1985, HBO broadcast the first sit-down session of the show under the title Elvis: One Night with You. Elvis Presley Enterprises' business manager Joe Rascoff sold the channel the broadcasting rights for $1,000,000. A home-video version was later released.

In 2004, an Elvis: '68 Comeback Special Deluxe Edition DVD was released. The three-disc set contained all of the known available footage of the special, outtakes included. A single-disc edition was released in 2006 with the program expanded to 94 minutes by adding material from the outtakes to the original broadcast.

Soundtrack
The special's first single to be released was "If I Can Dream" by RCA Victor (47–9670) in October 1968. It reached number 12 on the Billboard Singles chart and sold 800,000 copies. In November 1968, the live performance of "Tiger Man" appeared on the RCA Camden compilation album Elvis Sings Flaming Star (PRS-279), which was first released through Singer stores and given wide release in April 1969 (CAS 2304).

An official soundtrack album simply titled Elvis was released in December 1968 by RCA (LPM-4088). In March 1969, RCA released "Memories" as a single (47–9730), a song that would later be reused as the closing credits music for the 1972 concert film Elvis on Tour.

Bootleg albums featuring unissued material began circulating as early as 1978. Over the following decades, additional performances from the special were released in parts, particularly in RCA's A Legendary Performer compilation series, as well as in the 1985 box set A Golden Celebration. In the 1990s and 2000s, RCA issued more complete soundtrack recordings, including Memories in 1998, a 30th-anniversary release that was an expansion of the original album. That same year, RCA released Tiger Man, which consisted of the complete sit-down performances. In 2006, RCA released Let Yourself Go: The Making of Elvis the Comeback Special, which consisted of outtakes and rehearsal recordings from the special.

Various recordings from the special were used as the soundtrack for the Elvis pinball machine, released by Stern in 2004. The version of "A Little Less Conversation" originally recorded for (but not used in) the special was later remixed by Junkie XL and became a worldwide hit in 2002. In the United States, the song peaked at number 50 on the Billboard Hot 100 pop singles chart, the first hit for Presley since 1981, and extended his list of charted singles into the 21st century. It also spent four consecutive weeks at number one on the UK Singles Chart.

In popular culture
The sit-down sections of the special were a forerunner of MTV Unplugged, showing for the first time an artist in a casual setting. Falco's video for his 1986 single "Emotional" features him standing in front of a logo formed by red light bulbs that spell FALCO, an image also shown on the cover of his Emotional album. In The Simpsons 1993 episode "Krusty Gets Kancelled," the set of Krusty the Clown's television special mimicks Presley's show. In the video for the 2001 single "Inner Smile," Texas lead singer Sharleen Spiteri is dressed as Presley from the special. Robbie Williams' 2002 special The Robbie Williams Show features "Trouble" as the opening song as well as similar set decorations and the letters RW in red. In 2004, Morrissey toured with a stage backdrop that spelled MORRISSEY in large red marquee lights reminiscent of the special's ELVIS sign. The special was portrayed in the 2005 biographical television miniseries Elvis starring Jonathan Rhys Meyers. In 2008, country singer Martina McBride recorded a virtual duet of "Blue Christmas" for the album Christmas Duets. The video for the song features McBride singing with Presley during the sit-down session of the special. Glenn Danzig loosely based his 2013 "Legacy" TV Special on the Presley special. In 2019, Green Day paid tribute to the "Guitar Man" portion of the special's opening number in the video for "Father of All...." Baz Luhrmann's 2022 film Elvis portrays the production of the special, with Billboard indicating "the scenes about the special are considered some of the film's most riveting".

title: Elvis (1968 TV program)


text:
User talk:147.91.1.41

March 2015
Hello, I'm Gilliam. I wanted to let you know that I undid one or more of your recent contributions to Uptown Funk because it did not appear constructive. If you would like to experiment, please use the sandbox. If you think I made a mistake, or if you have any questions, you can leave me a message on my talk page. Thanks! – Gilliam (talk) 13:01, 4 March 2015 (UTC)
 * If this is a shared IP address, and you did not make the edits, consider creating an account for yourself so you can avoid further irrelevant notices.

May 2016
Hello, I'm Oshwah. I noticed that you recently removed some content from Rodrigo Gomes dos Santos with this edit, without adequately explaining why. In the future, it would be helpful to others if you described your changes to Wikipedia with an edit summary. If this was a mistake, don't worry, the removed content has been restored. If you think I made a mistake, or if you have any questions, you can leave me a message on my talk page. Thanks.  ~Oshwah~  (talk) (contribs)   08:23, 6 May 2016 (UTC)

Please refrain from making nonconstructive edits to Wikipedia, as you did at Rodrigo Gomes dos Santos with this edit. Your edits appear to constitute vandalism and have been reverted or removed. If you would like to experiment, please use the sandbox. Repeated vandalism can result in the loss of editing privileges. Thank you.  ~Oshwah~  (talk) (contribs)   08:24, 6 May 2016 (UTC)

Please stop your disruptive editing. If you continue to vandalize Wikipedia, as you did to Marko Pantelić with this edit, you may be blocked from editing.  ~Oshwah~  (talk) (contribs)   08:27, 6 May 2016 (UTC)

You may be blocked from editing without further warning the next time you vandalize Wikipedia by deliberately introducing incorrect information, as you did at Marko Pantelić. --Jaellee (talk) 11:29, 6 May 2016 (UTC)

February 2018
Please refrain from making unconstructive edits to Wikipedia, as you did at Creative Commons license. Your edits appear to constitute vandalism and have been reverted. If you would like to experiment, please use the sandbox. Repeated vandalism can result in the loss of editing privileges. Thank you. Dolotta (talk) 13:43, 28 February 2018 (UTC)

March 2019
Hello, I'm Baden-Paul. I wanted to let you know that I reverted one of your recent contributions —specifically this edit to Nova Pazova— because it did not appear constructive. If you would like to experiment, please use the sandbox. If you have any questions, you can ask for assistance at the Help Desk. Thanks. Baden-Paul (talk) 08:04, 12 March 2019 (UTC)

April 2019
Hello, I'm Wikipelli. I wanted to let you know that I reverted one of your recent contributions —specifically this edit to Massimo Coda— because it did not appear constructive. If you would like to experiment, please use the sandbox. If you have any questions, you can ask for assistance at the Help desk. Thanks. Wikipelli Talk  14:14, 22 April 2019 (UTC)

May 2019
Hello, I'm CAPTAIN RAJU. I wanted to let you know that one or more of your recent contributions to Studentized range distribution have been undone because they did not appear constructive. If you would like to experiment, please use the sandbox. If you have any questions, you can ask for assistance at the help desk. CAPTAIN RAJU (T) 16:50, 21 May 2019 (UTC)
 * If this is a shared IP address, and you did not make the edits referred to above, consider creating an account for yourself or logging in with an existing account so that you can avoid further irrelevant notices.

March 2020
Hello, I'm KNHaw. I noticed that you added or changed content in an article, Natasha, Pierre & The Great Comet of 1812, but you didn't provide a reliable source. It's been removed and archived in the page history for now, but if you'd like to include a citation and re-add it, please do so. You can have a look at the tutorial on citing sources, or if you think I made a mistake, you can leave me a message on my talk page. Thank you. KNHaw  (talk)  18:33, 3 March 2020 (UTC)
 * If this is a shared IP address, and you did not make the edits referred to above, consider creating an account for yourself or logging in with an existing account so that you can avoid further irrelevant notices.

Please do not add or change content, as you did at Anastasia (musical), without citing a reliable source. Please review the guidelines at Citing sources and take this opportunity to add references to the article. Thank you. Flami72 (talk) 18:44, 3 March 2020 (UTC)

November 2020
Hello, I'm Materialscientist. I wanted to let you know that I reverted one of your recent contributions —specifically this edit to Asymmetric digital subscriber line—because it did not appear constructive. If you would like to experiment, please use the sandbox. If you have any questions, you can ask for assistance at the Help desk. Thanks. Materialscientist (talk) 08:50, 10 November 2020 (UTC)

title: User talk:147.91.1.41


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Sandbox/Poetry

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was no consensus. Woohookitty 20:45, 28 July 2005 (UTC)

Sandbox/Poetry

 * 1) All the reasons given in Eloquence's post
 * 2) I've moved the content to the Poetry Wikicity.
 * 3) Poetry can already be added in Wikipedia:User pages, and linked by other's from there. JesseW 22:24, 14 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Redirect to Wikicities and protect from recreation JesseW 22:24, 14 July 2005 (UTC)
 *  KEEP  .    ‡   Jarlaxle   22:28, July 14, 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect, as above. Phoenix2 22:47, July 14, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Harmless fun. Dmn / Դմն 23:10, 14 July 2005 (UTC)
 * After reading the email, I agree with it. Redirect. Zscout370 (Sound Off) 00:50, 15 July 2005 (UTC) Delete. Zscout370 (Sound Off) 04:24, 16 July 2005 (UTC)
 * It would be too hard to find. They have a billion different mini-wikis all rolled into one giant wiki.   ‡   Jarlaxle   00:54, July 15, 2005 (UTC)
 * Then, once the VFD is over, the admin who is moving it should let us know the new location, then yall can begin the linking on various pages here. Zscout370 (Sound Off) 00:58, 15 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Er, it has been moved and is now at: wikicities:c:poetry:Sandbox Poetry (from Wikipedia). It's no trouble to find... JesseW 01:48, 15 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete -- The sandbox is for testing edits, and not an entertainment incubator for those who have tired of writing an encyclopedia. - Longhair | Talk 03:57, 15 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete agree with Longhair. The sandbox should be used only for testing. JamesBurns 03:55, 16 July 2005 (UTC)
 * KeepQuit being a bunch of boring pansies. "This is an encyclopedia, blah blah blah," who cares.  Quit taking life so seriously and go outside for a while, nerds.  Just keep it.
 * I removed the speedy tag placed by the anon who wrote the post immediately above that brought me here and vote delete. I'm sure you can get more delete votes through speedy tags if you continue. -   BanyanTree 18:59, 16 July 2005 (UTC)
 * I just removed another speedy tag placed here? Zscout370 (Sound Off) 03:24, 21 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep great page!  Grue   18:22, 17 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Weak delete, Wikipedia should not be a forum for fanfic or home-written stories or poems. Radiant_ >|< 11:06, July 19, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete as per Erik's post and my previous votes on Sandobx games. Angela. 01:57, July 20, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep -- Earl Andrew - talk 06:20, 21 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. If really necessary, move to a separate WikiProject like Wikiquote etc. If you guys can't be bothered to keep it here. --Mark J 16:57, 22 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment: Mark, I t H as A lready B een M oved - see wikicities:c:poetry:Sandbox Poetry (from Wikipedia). I would love for you to volunteer to maintain, promote and add to it, but it's pretty clearly not part of an encyclopedia. JesseW 22:06, 22 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment Encylopedias don't typically have sandboxes, either. Your reasoning, therefore, seems to indicate that you would support the deletion of Sandbox or at least transwikiying it.  Y0u (Y0ur talk page) (Y0ur contributions) 22:54, July 22, 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment Quite correct, YOu. ;-) I didn't fully explain what I meant. My reasoning (shared by many Wikipedians, AFAIK) is that Wikipedia should have two general categories of things:
 * encyclopedic material(i.e. the article and Category namespaces) and
 * material that helps us to write the encyclopedic material (i.e. the policy and guidelines pages, the WikiProject pages, the Template namespace, the User namespace(so we can communicate in public with each other regarding writing the encylopedic material) and the Sandbox(as a place for new users to try out the mechanisms we use to write the encyclopedia)).
 * Wikipedia:Sandbox/Poetry does not fit into either of these categories, and it has a specific place dedicated to it(the Poetry Wikicity) against which the only argument presented is that it is "too hard to find".
 * Regarding that argument, I think most people would be *much* more likely to look for a place to read and write Wiki Poetry in the list of Wikicities, or as a link from the poetry article(which I've just added), than to look in the place for newbies to try out the editing tools, i.e. the Sandbox. A subpage of the Sandbox is about the one of the least easy-to-find places I can think of.  So I don't think the claim that the Poetry wikicity is "too hard to find" holds much water.  And nobody has presented any other arguments against the Poetry wikicity.  I hope this is a more complete explanation of my reasoning. JesseW 02:12, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment Understood, but I stand by my vote. As I've said on the VFd's of other sections of the sandbox, if there is a "theme section" of the sandbox, it is an extension thereof for people to test editing by writing poetry (not that they can't in the regular sandbox, but I still see nothing wrong with it as an extension of the sandbox.  Y0u (Y0ur talk page) (Y0ur contributions) 17:57, July 24, 2005 (UTC)
 * Well, this discussion is getting quite long, but it's interesting, so... "my vote" - I didn't see that you voted - did you mean to? The idea that this page was a  "theme" section of the sandbox was one I had not considered  - it describes itself, and seems to be generally understood, as  permanent  (both in it's existence, and in the existence of the content on it (only as permanent as any wiki page, of course)), located in the Sandbox simply so they could escape scrutiny.
 * The idea that it represents a sort of "themed area" for test edits is one I had not imagined. While on the face of it, this seems fine, when looked at carefully, it makes no sense.  The content of test edits, by their very nature (as tests of the editing software and formatting options), doesn't matter, and so the idea of having themes for them is fundamentally contradictory. Thanks for the discussion! JesseW 02:20, 25 July 2005 (UTC)
 * P.S. As I think on this more, the idea that these subpages are a place for the same sort of test edits found on Sandbox makes less and less sense. The Sandbox is blanked (other than a simple header) every few hours - do you really believe that the people who put in all the time and effort to create the layout of Sandbox/Checkers(which I liked so much I copied it myself so the work wouldn't be lost if the page was deleted) would be OK with it being blanked out after a few hours.  And if you claim that the checkers layout should be considered part of the Sandbox header - making the edits involved in making the moves the ones that are "test edits" I would point out that getting those edits right is quite difficult and would probably be beyond the skill of those who would be using the real Sandbox page.  It just doesn't fly. Nice idea, though. JesseW 02:33, 25 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, Wikipedia should not duplicate content if it can be avoided. Since we already have a sandbox and users can experiment with poetry on their user pages or subpages, this page is redundant. -  Jersyko   talk  15:30, July 25, 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text: User talk:212.102.129.250

title: User talk:212.102.129.250


text: Category:Lists of law schools

title: Category:Lists of law schools


text:
Raymond H. Torrey

Raymond Hezekiah Torrey (July 15, 1880 – July 15, 1938) was the author of weekly columns, Outings and The Long Brown Path in the New York Evening Post in the 1920s and 1930s. The column played a major role in the development of the 2100 mi Appalachian Trail, the Long Path and the popularity of hiking generally. He was a founding member of the New York–New Jersey Trail Conference and one of the authors of the first edition of the New York Walk Book. He had extensive scientific knowledge, writing about everything from the short-billed marsh wren to marine fossils and lichens; he could identify over 700 plants. He was secretary of the Association for the Preservation of the Adirondacks, and also secretary of the American Scenic and Historic Preservation Society.

Early life
Born in Georgetown, Massachusetts, where his father was a sea captain, he began a career in journalism in newspapers in the Berkshires first, but soon moved to New York City. In 1903 he started at the New York American, then moved to the Tribune and finally the Evening Post (today the New York Post) in 1918. He became involved in the New York hiking scene at a time when the forests and mountains of the Hudson Highlands were relatively unknown but interest in the outdoors was increasing and city hiking clubs were coming into existence.

The Long Brown Path
In the early 1920s Torrey developed a weekly outdoor column for the Post, called the Long Brown Path which was named for a line in Walt Whitman's "Song of the Open Road". Major William A. Welch, General Manager of the Palisades Interstate Park Commission, was interested in creating hiking trails in Bear Mountain-Harriman State Parks, but was lacking funds. Welch suggested that Torrey use his influential column to help organize New York metropolitan area hiking clubs into a volunteer trail-building confederation; this led to the creation of the Palisades Interstate Park Trail Conference, a precursor of the NY/NJTC.

Torrey not only wrote the columns, he organized and coordinated the resulting volunteers and did plenty of route-scouting and trail building himself.

The column was very popular: along with news of the clubs and their trails, it included a listing of hikes, as many as 20 or 30 weekly. He also used the column as a "bully pulpit", railing against litter, championing environmental causes, giving notice of upcoming conservation bills in New York and New Jersey, and organizing letter-writing campaigns in support of reforestation measures and proposals for the creation of new parks.

The Appalachian Trail
In 1922 Torrey publicized a proposal by forester Benton MacKaye to build a 2100 mi trail from Maine to Georgia (subsequently named the Appalachian Trail or AT) with a story under a full-page banner headline reading "A Great Trail from Maine to Georgia!"; the idea was quickly adopted by the new Trail Conference as their main project.

Working with volunteers organized by J. Ashton Allis of the Trail Conference, Torrey helped blaze the first 6 mi of the AT running from the Ramapo River to Fingerboard Mountain. By January 4, 1924, the 20 mi stretch from the Hudson to the Ramapo River was complete. On November 18 of that year, he worked with the Tramp and Trail Club on what he dubbed a "Speed Special", clearing and blazing a 20 mi section through Sterling Forest, New York.

The effort involved much more than the physical effort of building and blazing trails— complex negotiations with property owners were required as well, particularly east of the Hudson where no established system of hiking trails existed. By 1929, with the help of New Jersey state park officials, a 43 mi section from the Delaware River to High Point along the Kittatinny Ridge was completed. Two years later, 160 mi of the AT, from the Delaware River to Kent, Connecticut, was in place.

Confrontation with Robert Moses
Later that year, he tangled with Robert Moses, a onetime ally who had named him secretary of the New York State Parks Council, a forerunner to the current New York State Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation, in order to help establish Letchworth State Park. Torrey opposed the route Moses wanted for the Northern State Parkway along Long Island's central glacial moraine. He had arranged for the reprinting of an article sharing this view in the ASHPS newsletter, which enraged Moses.

On September 12, Moses learned that Torrey had been providing information about Parks Council meetings, information that was available to the public in any event, to an attorney for wealthy North Shore landowners similarly opposed to the road project. He called Torrey to his office, where the council's finance committee was meeting, and berated him for this and the newsletter article, which he considered serious breaches of trust.

Torrey stood firm and defended both actions. When Moses responded to Torrey's telling him he had no right to tell him what he could and could not print by saying "Goddamn you! What do you mean by doing something like that?", Torrey, who had many Jewish friends, lost his temper and said "You big noisy kike; you can't talk to me like that." Moses attempted to choke him and had to be pulled off Torrey by other members of the committee; he threw a smoking stand at Torrey afterwards.

While Torrey apologized for the incident (and Moses did not), he eventually resigned from the Parks Council, a move which ultimately gave Moses control of that body.

Death and legacy
Torrey died of a heart attack on his 58th birthday, stunning the hiking community. The NY/NJTC soon found that it took a committee to do the work he alone had carried out. A memorial was placed on Long Mountain in Harriman State Park, which had one of his favorite views, reading "In Memory of Raymond H. Torrey, A Great Disciple of the Long Brown Path, 1880-1938." His ashes were scattered to the winds there in a brief ceremony.

title: Raymond H. Torrey