text:
Talk:Firewalking

Physicians assert - no research supports?
I would like to point out, that the statement "Emergency room physicians assert that shorter contact with less hot coal than is common in firewalking is sufficient to completely char skin" with no support is again too strong and biased. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 90.181.146.112 (talk) 10:16, 14 June 2012 (UTC)

unrefuted? Are you kidding me?
I challenge this: "A currently unrefuted physical explanation is that under relaxed mental conditions, blood flowing through the feet can transport away the heat of the coal quickly enough to prevent burning. In this case, belief in a higher power or confidence in a theory is the factor inducing the necessary relaxation for the cooling process to function properly". Are you kidding me? How about logic and unrefuted physics? Things that are hot enough burn your skin. You can't change blood flow with your mind. This should be corrected. Just because you have a citation doesn't mean it's unrefuted. Basic science refutes this. Good day.

grafitti - pooping and masterbation ???
The History section now has this in the final paragraph: "Cultures across the globe, from Greece to China, used firewalking for rites of pooping, initiation, and masterbation" Pooping and masterbation? I could not figure out myself how this has been here, but someone in the know please strike this and return it to what it was. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Gregconquest (talk • contribs) 05:45, 1 February 2009 (UTC)

UPDATE: I found it. 72.136.152.62 changed it from "healing, initiation, and faith" to "pooping, initiation, and masterbation." I'll change it back myself. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Gregconquest (talk • contribs) 05:49, 1 February 2009 (UTC)

WikiProject Circus??
After many months I was hoping to return to this page and find it in slightly better shape, only to realize that even common sense has plunged against all odds and editorial skill has taken a nose dive with it. Circus? What? I'm not going to get caught up in it too much, but has anyone, just for the sake of it, just for quick referrence, taken up one of those big old leathery numbers with a gazilion pages on thin rice paper, you know, one out of a set of 25 or so...? No? Any book, EVER? No? Not travelled off the beaten track to meet with indigenous people or visited places in the world to explore old cultures and traditions?

Forgive me my obvious sarcasm but I'm out of here, regretfully...

Kalçeba (talk) 23:47, 9 February 2008 (UTC)

Ray D'Arcy
Just letting you know that this article was mentioned on Ray D'Arcy's morning radio show on Irish station Today FM to settle a discussion about the scientific theory behind Fire-walking on Monday 11 June 2005. Well done on being definitive! RMoloney 00:43, 13 July 2005 (UTC)

 * will someone like ot tak a look at Holy Fire? Tiksustoo 16:38, 17 October 2005 (UTC)

"Response to Physical Explanation"
This belongs on the talk page, not in the article:

 * During many firewalking events, most people are able to walk across the fire unscathed, but in a small number of cases, people's feet do suffer burns.

 * Firewalking facilitators and participants have noticed a link between the firewalker's psychological or spiritual state and these outcomes.

 * For example, it is noticed that people who are possessed of fear, or in a less heightened spiritual state will be more likely to suffer burns. Also, many firewalkers have reported having doubts enter their mind during the walk, then immediately suffering 'hot spots' (small spots of minor burns).

 * Unless it can be shown how one's thoughts and psychological state can directly affect the physics involved in the foot burning or not burning, then the physical explanation tendered above should be questioned, and certainly not accepted as the *sole* explanation.

This is nonsense. The article explicitly says "This does not mean that it is impossible to burn your feet. Fire-walking is still dangerous." The physical explanation does not predict that there will be no burns in any case. It predicts that there will be no burns under the right physical conditions -. If people walk on a fire under the wrong physical conditions (for example, firewalking event organizers may make them do that in order to "prove" to a skeptic that you need a special "spiritual state", keeping mum about the fact that the physical conditions are wrong), they will burn their feet. Do you know of any experiments under controlled conditions that show a connection between "spiritual state" and burning? No anecdotes please - you can "prove" anything you want using anecdotes. "Noticing" is a subjective impression, and what you "noticed" is disproved by instances of people walking on fire without any mental preparation.

You can believe whatever you want, but this is an encylopedia article and should contain facts, not unwarranted speculations. It is a fact that skeptics do walk on fire without any mental preparations at all.

Also, an encyclopedia article should not have the shape of a discussion, with claims and responses. --Hob Gadling 10:02, 3 July 2006 (UTC)
 * That section obviously needs a total rewrite but I do think we need to mention these views as they are widely held--in fact, from a belief standpoint, I think a majority of people think psychic abilities are involved (people's credulity and magical thinking never ceases to amaze me). After all, we have articles here on astrology, past lives; all manner of silly things that people actually believe in. We can talk about the beliefs without endorsing them.--Fuhghettaboutit 12:01, 3 July 2006 (UTC)

 * The article already states "Organizers of firewalking ceremonies often claim that in order to prevent one's feet from burning, meditation, calling on spirits/gods or other supernatural intervention is necessary."
 * Yes, I guess one could add more to that one sentence. Who knows more about what exactly those people say? --Hob Gadling 10:37, 17 July 2006 (UTC)

 * This is an incredibly rigid article that resists attempts to edit it with alternative views in addition to the conservative empirical ones listed here. Firewalking is way too much of a contentious and mysterious activity to be totally hijacked by skeptic purists who represent only one part of the spectrum. There are many retorts in this discussion page to the ideas put forth in the article but they are not in the article itself which is where they should be. Common sense should tell you the same message that is given to small childen - do not touch hot, glowing red objects that give off heat or you are going to burn. There is another mechanism at work here that we don't completely understand yet, that is why firewalkers are not being burnt. Surely the world record of 300 feet of continuous firewalking seen in the attached links dispels theories of red hot coals being insulative for short periods of time. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 124.183.245.142 (talk) 01:47, 7 February 2007 (UTC).

Comments on Application
First, my interest on the subject. I 'm Greek and I've heard about the Anastenaria (fire walking festival in Thrace), I 've seen them on TV and I 've heard first-hand accounts from people who watched them live (but not participated.)

I wanted to do it too, but I am an atheist and the anastenarides (the people who participate in the anastenaria) believe deeply. They enter the fire carrying icons of the saints Helene and Constantinos. Their festival is widely recognised as a relic of pre-christian ages and the Greek Orthodox Church has condemned it and gone so far as to confiscate the icons (which were handed down from generation to generation for at least a couple hundred years). The Anastenarides themselves call the saints "Grandparents" and sacrifice a black bull to them at the start of the ritual. Still, they consider themselves Christians and I don't. So I stayed away.

I believe that whatever the explanation for firewalking, the crux of the matter is that normally, people don't jump in a hotbed of coals just for fun and neither do they do it for trivial reasons (like, say, management training). The important thing about the anastenarides (and some, but not all, other firewalkers) is that they find it in them to walk on the coals.

Now that's out of the way, here's my points.

First, I would like to see a detailed description of each of the different fire walking rituals and practices cited in the article. Hindu ceremonies have nothing to do with management and motivational seminars, they in turn have nothing to do with the anastenaria and so forth.

I 've seen (on TV) a British gymnast who trained people to firewalk for self-empowerement. He had prepared a six by three feet patch of coals and trainees crossed it in three fast bounds. The coals were carefully stacked to the sides and there was a lot of ash on the center, where they "firewalked". That seems to me the sensible approach to adopt in such cases (check out the link about the KFC incident, to see what can happen otherwise)

I 've also watched the anastenaria on TV. The anastenarides walked into a circle of embers a few feet in diameter, big enough to accommodate five or six of them, and they just stood there thumping their feet on the coals until they extinguished them- that's what the ritual demands: that the participants dance on the coals until they are extinguished. That generally takes two to three hours.

The two, just do not compare. One is for laughs between up and coming business management graduates, the other is for real, whatever that means, by people who would probably throw themselves in the fire proper, if they thought their icons told them so. Plus the music that accompanies the anastenaria, played by members of the cult, is a fine example of traditional Thraciot music and it's worth a listen anyway.

So I think a distinction is needed to be made between the two practices: firewalking for religious purposes and "firewalking" lite, for team-play enhancement (with a reference, perhaps, that the same can be achieved by playing paintball, for example)

Second, the scientific explanation presented needs citation. Who came up with it and have they tried it out in practice to see if it works?

I repeat: I admit I am taken with the Anastenaria but I don't believe it's the saints who make it possible (or Dionysus, or the Ancestors, or whoever). But I want to know and that explanation doesn't cover me. I want more than weekend skeptisism of hobby scientists, please. Preferrably from someone who has actually watched firewalking ceremonies and experimented with whatever explanation they came up with. And by experimented I mean firewalked themselves.

If it's so easy to explain how firewalking works and why everyone can do it, a man of reason could do it for Science, armed with the knowledge that the Laws of Physics would not let him be harmed.

(sorry for the sarcasm)

Second, B. In particular, this:

"Firewalkers do not spend very much time on the coals, and they keep moving (one second per foot before lifting is a conservative estimate)"

does not apply to what I know of the anastenaria. As I said above, they stay on the coals for two to three hours. They don't "keep moving"; rather, they keep their feet moving, which is not the same- "they keep moving" applies better to crossing the bed with fast bounds. I think it's not just the manager people who do the latter. The text in the parentheses is fine.

Three

"This is ipso facto substantiated by the fact that anyone can perform firewalking without any 'mind over matter' preparation."

Yes and no. You can "firewalk" fine if you have someone around to make sure you don't do anything stupid. But you can't firewalk proper without some kind of preparation, at least the kind that a tight-rope walker needs before performing. I don't know about "mind over matter" stuff- that's oriental malarky :P

And sorry for the extent of the comment.Ye Goblyn Queenne 07:57, 22 July 2006 (UTC)

"Application" sounds like it's some kind of lotion you put on. Can we find a better title for that section, like "Practice"?

"!Kung Bushmen of the Kalahari desert have firewalked since their tribal beginnings. The !Kung use fire in their powerful healing ceremonies"

"powerful healing ceremonies" Powerful, in what way?

"since their tribal beginnings." which was when?

"as a rite of purification, healing, initiation and transcendence, which have been threads in the cultural tapestry of our planet. "

I deplore the tone of that entry. Bleagh.

All the third paragraph needs citations, lots of them.

Ye Goblyn Queenne 07:57, 22 July 2006 (UTC)

By "the third paragraph", do you mean the explanation? The next paragraph is "External links and references" which contains sources for the explanation. --Hob Gadling 12:29, 25 July 2006 (UTC)

Tone?
What's wrong with the tone of the article, Silence? I can't find anything inappropriate. --Hob Gadling 12:29, 17 August 2006 (UTC)

Mind In Matter link
"As soon as he said this, a number of people from our staff walked on the grill without harm."

Here is another site talking about this incident: You should not take Burkan's words at face value.

Another one:. There Pat Linse says:

 * "I think it would be pretty big news to Dr. Leikind to find out that Tolly Burkan is claiming that several staff people walked on a glowing hot metal grill with their bare feet an were not burned! Had that really happened I think Leikind, considering his background in plasma physics, would have noticed the anomoly and would by now have a Nobel Prize for describing an entire new branch of physics!"

--Hob Gadling 16:29, 30 August 2006 (UTC)

I have the entire thing on tape, if anyone wants to watch it. It being the walking on red hot metal grill in Dr. Leikind's presence. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.123.244.15 (talk) 15:29, 14 March 2009 (UTC)

Excellent, if you have the entire thing on tape we'd all love to watch it, please do upload it and provide the link, much appreciated

Unbalanced

 * I think this article is unbalanced and should examine some of the paranormal explanations and refutations of the conservative scientific crowd. I was at a Tony Robbins seminar recently and witnessed approximately 3000 people walk on coals. A small number were burned and could barely walk the next day. Tony Robbins also claimed in the seminar that he was burned once when he finished a walk and still had some coals stuck to his feet. He claims he allowed his energy to lower because he thought the walk was over and his feet instantly began burning. He also claimed that he once put a metal grill across the coals, had it fired red hot and thousands of people passed over it, so that their footprints were implanted into the metal, which seriously argues against the thermal insulating properties of coal.

Also, a quasi religious belief in the scientific method could potentially take the place of spiritual belief, giving the feeling of certainty and power that appears to protect the walkers.

 * Which refutations? The story you tell is fully compatible with the scientific explanation. Physics does not forbid Robbins telling tall tales such as the one about the grill. Or is there independent verification from someone who does not make a living from firewalking?

 * Your last sentence makes your claim about mental states influencing vulnerability arbitrary and unfalsifiable. Any time a person walks on fire without hurting himself, you can think up another mental state like "quasi religious belief in the scientific method" as an "explanation".

 * Why do you need an additional mental explanation for a phenomenon that is already explained physically?

 * 1) Because it is not adequately explained physically. Some people burn, some don't, at the same seminar. Also there is no special invulnerablity about the sole of the foot. There are people who have suffered 3rd degree burns to their feet from walking on hot coals accidentally.

 * This is not very solid reasoning... some people also get burned when touching a hot pot when others don't! It has to do with a multitude of factors - time in contact with the object, composition of the object, composition of the particular person's skin, if anything is on their skin, etc etc. All of which are accounted for in the article. I do agree there should be some further development around the spiritual ceremonies involving firewalking for completeness however.

- I haven't seen any evidence yet of a properly controlled experiment and anyone mad enough to walk on hot coals to prove a "physical" belief is in a heightened emotional state, I bet they spent hours psyching themselves up for it. If you want an empirical experiment to make cynicism seem more rational, then you would need a large group of random people some of whom went through a preparatory ceremony, some who were blindfolded and unaware that they would be walking on coals, with a mild heat source near their lower legs so that they couldn't really tell the difference and no preparation at all, and other control groups somewhere between these extremes. In the meantime, talk about the insulating properties of red hot coals on bare feet seems really silly and anti-intuitive; after all we use hot coals to barbeque meat. The "multitude of factors" looks like a series of weak excuses that obscures the real mechanism at play here. I don't believe that someone can walk 100 metres across hot coals unharmed does so because of minor differences in their perspiration or skin composition. It is a sustained effort of intense concentration and not at all the same as touching a hot pot accidentially for a microsecond. Agreed though that mental states and their effect on the physical world is a very difficult area to explore objectively which is why parapsychology is still so mysterious after decades of inquiry. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 58.166.95.83 (talk • contribs)
 * Instead of 100 metres of hot coals at 500 deg, try a hot sheet of iron at 500 deg. Should demonstrate the gist of the article quite effectively. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 124.168.196.117 (talk) 07:56, 30 October 2007 (UTC)

Tolly Burkan
I have removed the Tolly Burkan page per WP:EL. The website is in promotion of events and media attention about Tolly. Thus, as a personal website and has commerical apsects it does not fit criteria.

Secondly, there will be no downplaying of the science involved. Firewalking is explained with science. While it would be helpful to note some disagree, people without scientific credentials will not be given undue weight. Arbustoo 03:32, 19 April 2007 (UTC)

 * What if science hasn't evolved sufficiently yet to explain it? The early experiments in electricity must have seemed equally miraculous; the miracle about firewalking being that we don't really understand the mechanism yet. In any case there are no proper experiments with people with scientific credentials to validate or invalidate the sceptical point of view, so paradoxically we have to use some faith when digesting their theories. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 124.183.91.141 (talk • contribs)

 * Regarding firewalking, what isn't sufficiently explained with science? Arbustoo 02:05, 20 April 2007 (UTC)

 * The fact that some people are able to walk hundreds of metres across hot coals without injury. Also, it is not science just to rigidly beleive one possible explanation without proper testing, that is actually a type of faith or anti-faith masquerading as science. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 58.166.66.155 (talk • contribs)

 * Do not add anything without a WP:RS. Do not remove cited material. There is nothing "contentious" about this in the scientific community. Arbustoo 00:14, 9 May 2007 (UTC)

- Why are Penn and Tyler references suddenly popping up all over Wikipedia? It looks like someone is trying to promote the show. This definitely does not belong in any introduction because TV shows are about entertainment rather than finding the truth. I totally disagree with you - firewalking is a highly contentious activity, within the scientific community and without, just read the discussion above. This article is a misrepresentation. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 124.184.246.25 (talk • contribs)

 * Penn and Teller's Bullshit! television debunks popular myths and has won several awards. Thus, I can understand why it would be used as a source. Its a WP:RS and a good quote. Arbustoo 23:16, 12 May 2007 (UTC)

- Just a reminder: "people without scientific credentials will not be given undue weight". And yet you allow Pen & Teller quotes!!?? Since when does an encyclopedia take any reference from TV show magicians? WP:RS are you kidding? Including a subjective quote in the definition of the term firewalking? What? The science quoted on this page is scattered about as fact under a header that states 'Explanation', leaving no room whatsoever to any other line of thought on the subject. That is not science, that's subtle (or not so subtle) censorship. Really, take it from someone who has been exploring this particular path for over 15 years: life is far more interesting than the Leidenfrost effect or the laws of thermal conductivity. Or more simply; life is far more... Sorry to say but this is REALLY poor editing, poor science and poor encyclopedic reference, which results in a dire misrepresentation of the practice of firewalking on every level. Kalçeba 10:26, 12 June 2007 (UTC)
 * @Kalçeba: Er, Penn and Teller are highly respected magicians. They are bonafide experts at the arts of deception. Regardless of their scientific credentials, their opinion on many paranormal claims are relevant and additive. The additional *science* in this article is sound. Psuedoscientific claims are mentioned, and no more needs to be said about them, unless (as already suggested) someone wants to catalog them *objectively*. If editors don't defer to sound rational explanations, they risk their credibility. --Skidoo 18:40, 24 June 2007 (UTC)

 * Another point is that firewalking is a circus skill (like sword eating and others), and Penn Jillette is a graduate of Ringling Brothers and Barnum & Bailey Clown College. Moreover, the claims are cited from his TV show Bullshit!, which includes experts. You don't really expect wikipedia to exclude mention of a documentary because the host doesn't have a PhD? The weight of the show has to do with the experts, research, and facts, not whether the TV personality has a formal education. Lshorthurry 23:58, 24 June 2007 (UTC)

- Before I respond to your statements let me clearly state that it is my objective to eventually contribute to a well researched, broad viewed and well represented article on the practice of firewalking that includes the history, the science, parapsychology and possible paranormal references. Nothing more and nothing less.

@ Skidoo & Lshorthurry: Let me point out a few obvious preconceptions that taint any comment that you consequently base on it: “Penn and Teller are highly respected magicians” – Does firewalking have to do with magic? Is their assumed ‘expertise’ on the subject of firewalking based on those credentials (graduated from Clown college)? “They are bonafide experts at the arts of deception” – Are you indirectly implying that firewalking is deceptive on some level, hence the experts at the arts of deception were called in? “Firewalking is a circus skill” – A circus skill? Please be careful in posting opinions like fact. At least do some research before you set out to degrade a global tradition that is thousands of years old into a circus act. “You don’t really expect wikipedia to exclude mention of a documentary because the host doesn’t have a PhD?” – I expect an encyclopedia to do sound research and editors to present the facts in an objective manner, with room for alternative view points and ample historic reference based on credible sources. I agree that expertise is not only born out of the primary western educational system but that it can also be born out of experience. However, if you are including subjective quotes from experts in the field quote people who have extensive (years of) experience with the particular practice of firewalking. Mention preferably more than half a dozen of them and from different social and cultural backgrounds, since firewalking can be found in many traditions all over the world. These sources should then be clearly quoted as subjective references, as Penn and Teller should be in this article. “their opinion on many paranormal claims are relevant and additive” – You hit the nail on the head there: opinions are subjective references and should be presented as such, NOT as fact.

Furthermore, like I said in my first response to this article; I certainly do not expect an encyclopedia to put subjective quotes based on a TV documentary in the definition of the term it is describing. That is evidently real poor encyclopedic reference. As stated above I do not expect to find multiple references to TV show hosts being quoted as experts in this particular field, especially when the editor in question stated earlier: “people without scientific credentials will not be given undue weight”. I do not expect to find the laws of thermal conductivity as the only reference cited under a header ‘Explanation’ when clearly that is an incomplete and slightly biased representation of scientific facts. Then there are quite a few questionable or incomplete entries like: Definition: “It has a long history in many cultures as a test or proof of faith” - this is a huge generalisation and definitely not correct for some of the bigger Asian traditions. History: there’s not much of a history here safe for a list of cultures in which firewalking is being practiced. Factors that prevent burning: There’s no mention at all of the possibility of mental/emotional states having an influence on the physical body, which is the subject of many scientific studies in recent years. Risks when doing firewalking improperly: “People have burned their feet when they remained in the fire for too long” – Rather deceptive statement, implying that time plays a major factor here. Fact is that people have burned their feet from two quick steps as well, contrary the laws of thermal conductivity. Records: Update - the current record of 220 ft was set on June 15 2005 by Amanda Dennison. References & External links: Only web references from the spectrum of skeptics or (pseudo) science are allowed, again limiting the understanding of the practice of firewalking to view points based only on various scientific laws (or the opinions of TV show magicians for that matter). To say the least, this is an incomplete representation.

As stated by other people before me, this article still remains unbalanced, biased, poorly referenced and poorly edited, with an unusual high resistance to editorial changes.

As to the scientific community: if you're going to do science, do it well. Ask a question - post a hypothesis - research it keeping to the existing scientific standards - come up with the results - check the results to your hypothesis. If you're bumping up against too many variables, keep creating new experiments to test your hypothesis. If there are too many anomalies, ask more questions, do more research. Whatever you do, do not limit yourself to believing an incomplete theory because science at present is not able to fully explain what's happening. Neither do you want to ignore the anomalies because the theory then doesn't hold up. In the end it's not about the theory, it's about our understanding and comprehension of life. It's foolish to try to fix reality to fit a certain perspective. Look at quantum physics for that one... Kalçeba 14:14, 26 June 2007 (UTC)

 * You have a misunderstanding of science and WP:RS. Please refer to those articles. Lshorthurry 02:13, 30 June 2007 (UTC)

I think after more than 5 years of academic education and the almost 14 years of continuous personal study of certain subjects (that have a direct relationship to firewalking) that followed it, I have a pretty good understanding of science and reliable sources.

I would prefer to side step any discussion, however, that does not directly contribute to a better understanding and representation of the practice of firewalking. Your remark hints in that direction and subtly discredits my previous entry and the points put forward in it and I am not willing to exert any effort along that avenue.

I will continue to probe, critique and ask relevant questions regarding this particular wikipedia article and try to make a valuable contribution to it, if that is at all possible within the present editorial structure.

Kalçeba 12:13, 1 July 2007 (UTC)

 * So with your "5 years of education", you know more than all the scientists cited in this article? You have not presented a coherent argument at anywhere on this page. Lshorthurry 22:11, 1 July 2007 (UTC)

Let me be plain: I've posted a selection of arguments in my earlier entry. It's your 'opinion' that they hold no validity whatsoever. That's very revealing of your lack of expertise in this particular arena and it also suggests a major lack of academic skill. Your last remark is hopelessly inaccurate with regards to the conclusion you base on the quotation, which is symptomatic of a certain level of immaturity and ignorance. Maybe this online encyclopedic experiment is simply bound to fail in its attempt to provide accurate and complete information to the public at large, given the general lack of quality and skill of its contributors and editors.

However, I'm not willing to expend any more energy on this futile discussion. I will continue trying to make a valuable and direct contribution to this particular article and will see how that is received in due time...

Kalçeba 20:51, 2 July 2007 (UTC)

Firewalking classes and skydiving classes are similar. In both cases, the classes are meant to give you the confidence to either step on hot coals, or leap from the door of an airplane. There is no implication that anything other than science is involved in either process. In 1977, researcher Tolly Burkan started demystifying firewalking by stating that it was pure science and that anyone could do it if they overcame the fear of stepping onto the coalbed. He persuaded many thousands to follow him onto beds of hot coals.

According to Burkan, the science of firewalking includes physics and physiology, of course, but unless people can will themselves to step onto the coals, there can be no firewalking. The psychological components are twofold: first, having the desire to do this and believing it will have personal value (same with skydiving); and second, having confidence… confidence that the right type of wood was chosen, confidence the coalbed was prepared properly, confidence in knowing that millions of people have done this before, and confidence in your ability to overcome the fear of taking the first step.

No one anywhere has ever said that this is paranormal---or a trick---so what’s all this “skeptical” and “debunking” stuff about? Physics, physiology and psychology are all just science. BUT, even though I know how skydiving works, I would never put on a parachute and jump from a plane without first taking a class. Same with firewalking. Are people who are skeptical just questioning why there is a fee for the class? I really don’t understand what the controversy is about.

Including Penn and Teller here seems like a joke. No one anywhere has ever claimed that there is a “trick” to firewalking. Why is this being treated like some circus act, and why are stage magicians being given free publicity over a non-issue? This entire article should be deleted and completely rewritten. Even the “facts” are wrong, such as the world-record, and the text is biased. This is an example of little minds making big issues out of nothing. Isn’t there someone willing to do the research to bring this up to snuff? Not me… I’m too busy… plus it seems this gets edited so that contributions that do not agree with a certain point of view are quickly removed. Lionus74.37.84.250 00:52, 4 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Do people claim fire-walking is paranormal? Yes.
 * Do we include sources that "debunk" this myth? Yes.
 * Do we include WP:RS? Yes. Lshorthurry 22:00, 4 July 2007 (UTC)

Please indicate where you see firewalking claims of being paranormal. 74.37.102.241 15:41, 5 July 2007 (UTC)

I did a web search and cannot find any recent claims of firewalking being paranormal. Penn and Teller are just looking for ways to promote themselves. Next, maybe they will try to destroy the myth that the world is flat. Roger74.37.102.241 14:56, 6 July 2007 (UTC)

People do not firewalk to disprove a myth--they do it because it is a rite of empowerment. Nobody does this thinking it is magic. Nobody presenting firewalks says it is magic. 74.37.102.241 15:31, 6 July 2007 (UTC)

There are still thinly disguised Tolly Burkan promotions on this page Reference 2 links to an article swooning over TB and his colleagues It needs to be removed. There is a history section and explanation on this page already it doesn't need a link blowing smoke up his butt Remove link please — Preceding unsigned comment added by Firebrand12 (talk • contribs) 19:37, 16 July 2015 (UTC)

Suggestions for Editing
The Wikipedia policy encourages editors to make suggestions on the talk page so that when a consensus of opinions becomes obvious, an article can be rewritten or edited using the input posted on the talk page. This is a good policy, so that frequent and haphazard edits don’t make an article seem piecemeal.

The firewalking article has suffered due to piecemeal editing. Here are suggestions to improve this article.

1 Give a brief history of firewalking

2 Include both secular and non-secular applications of firewalking

3 Present brief synopses of the theories offered to explain the phenomenon

4 Provide books and online resources for those desiring further information

5 Have at least one picture of firewalking, or perhaps several from different traditions

6 Post links to sites that display firewalking videos

7 List the various world records for firewalking and the date each was established

The present article has been consistently criticized for poor editing and biased points of view. Remember that equal weight is important here, as this article needs to look more encyclopedic and less like a tabloid article. 128.241.40.116 13:36, 7 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Couldn't agree more, thanks for your contribution! Am currently doing research and sourcing the science, articles and information needed to balance this particular article. It will take a little time, but we'll get there yet... Kalçeba 09:12, 8 July 2007 (UTC)

This sentence should be removed as it is absolutely false, misleading and can potentially get people injured:

In 2004 Penn & Teller explored self-help seminars focusing on firewalking on their show Bullshit!. The duo debunk firewalking myths, noting "the popular motivational activity of firewalking . . . is no more dangerous than walking across hot sand at the beach."

THIS IS IRRESPONSIBLE! People have been hospitalized after walking on hot coals, but no one has been hospitalized after walking on hot sand. This is an example of the stupid lengths people will go to make their biased points, even though their points are false.

Yes indeed, this article and discussion are really examples of pseudoskepticism - interesting to observe how skilled some commentators are at expressing (or rather failing to control) their prejudices.

I agree with point 3. above in the guide for editing - show a range of explanations from both sides of the fence. If everyone agrees that people have been documented walking 200-300 feet across hot coals without harm then explanations like short time of contact between feet and coals, Leidenfrost effect and heat insulation from ash seem indadequate. They might explain a few short steps in seconds, not hundreds in minutes. I think the ultimate problem with this exercise is trying to impose an ecyclopedic narrowness of interpretation onto an rite of deep mystery. I challenge anyone who has added to this discussion to get out there and try it and experience the resulting exhiliration and empowering insight for yourselves. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 124.183.127.198 (talk) 07:31, 21 November 2007 (UTC)
 * Try walking through 100 metres of boilng water barefoot. Coals can be 500°, it's a mere 100°, should be a doddle (and quite "exhilirating" too, I should think). But let me guess, it's only done upon carefully selected materials, which are carefully prepared beforehand. I wonder why that would be?
 * Actually, plunging your hand into a pot of boiling water to retrieve a stone was a European medieval test of faith and purity. I think one of Henry VIII's wives did it successfully (will find the reference soon and post). Cynicism is a form of fear, you might find that you achieve a hightened level of personal growth if you do something like this. Confronting fear and negativity head on and transcending it has a ripple effect on all areas of life. So how about it sissy-boy, are you up for the challenge? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 124.183.185.149 (talk) 07:36, 27 March 2008 (UTC)
 * lol, internet tough guy, heh? Why do you need 500 year-old anecdotes, just go to the kitchen, immerse your own hand in still boiling water, and see how you go.

- I don't detect any meat behind your featherly bluster. Do a firwalking event like I have done and then let's see if you are inspired to write any more ignorant objections. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 121.217.118.122 (talk) 05:59, 12 May 2008 (UTC)
 * When you are really afraid of something, you start to sweat. No matter how hot or COLD it is. Sweating is a good thing when walking over "fire", as explained more or less scientifically in this article. In short: So you may have done a firewalk yourself. That does not compare in any way to sticking your arm in a boiling pot of water. Millions of people have walked on coals and have come out with at most minor injuries. So there most probably is a good physical explanation for that. Now what would happen if those millions of people stuck their arm into a boing pot of water for even one second? This is, IMO, a case where reality is stranger than fiction. Where, pretty much "everyone" could do a firewalk if they were courageous enough. But VERY VERY VERY few of those courageous people would stick their arm into a pot of boiling water... . Reality is stranger than fiction. Obviously, someone thousands of years ago discovered something that is physical reality, but that goes against most people's common sense. Einstein's theories fall into this category too. But, to stay on topic, if ANYONE falls while doing their firewalk... falling on the burning coals, they'd get hurt and burnt and scarred... 68.200.239.84 (talk) 00:24, 14 August 2008 (UTC)
 * One second in boiling water is easy. It's the next one that's the problem. People fish things out of boiling water with their hands all the time... better known as "cooking". Or at least, cooking badly. Leushenko (talk) 22:28, 25 October 2008 (UTC)

- Actually on Tolly Burkhan's website he talks about walking through the coals and pausing to pick up coals in bare hands and rubbing them over the body, then actually rolling across the coal bed with his entire body and coming out unharmed from the experience. So, it has been a couple of months - have you done the firewalk yet? Your opinions seem childish because I don't beleive that I am debating with an equal and this is because you have not yet experienced the subject that you write so passionately about and I have, several times. In regard to the point on physical reality - you are ignoring the link between psychological preparation and safe firewalking performance. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 121.217.223.2 (talk) 11:30, 31 August 2008 (UTC) As someone who has 20 years of firewalking experience running on average 100 firewalking events annually, the majority with participant training beforehand explaining the science and some television programmes were we haven't been given time to do a full explanation so the TV hosts had no knowledge and they firewalk without injury. - I view anything that Tolly Burkan claims with cynicism. Many of his claims are unsubstantiated, no photographic or film proof to back them up. no names of the people involved, dates or locations, he writes on his website and social media pages and people especially the people who hang on to his coat tails, repeat them without question. Always question claims if there is no proof to back them up.

Has no-one realised that this page has being used to drive traffic to website of a company who runs firewalks?? Hence removal of its link

Objection to physical explanation
According to data easily available via a Google search specific heat capacity of coal is about 3 times smaller than that of water. Also density of coal depending on the exact type of coal ranges from 800kg/m^3 to 1500kg/m^3 again comparaible to that of water.

Given the high school physics class formula for heat Q=mc(delta t) and the fact that the difference in temperature between that of the coal and that of the human body(the delta-t factor in the previous equation) I would conclude that the heat is still very large.

Furthermore, regarding the droping of temperature below the flash point resulting in no additional heat being generated, that may very well be...but there still is a lot of heat in the coal.

Perhaps the explanation lies more in heat transfer because for sure the fire walk ends long before the firewalker+burning coal system would reach equilibrium temperature, so maybe the poor heat conductivity of the materials involved it the cause.

Thank you, Paul

- Why for sure? The record is hundreds of metres - surely enough time to reach equilibrium. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 121.217.118.122 (talk) 05:57, 12 May 2008 (UTC)

"Mythbusters" recently did some light experimentation on firwalking. They used heat sensitive electrodes strapped to the bottom of the firewalkers shoes. The walk was only a few metres long and the electrodes did not register a dangerous level of heat to the sole of the foot, as long as it was done quickly. Three of the experimenters who knew this information then proceed to successfully firewalk without prior mental conditioning. A fourth member who did not know this information, attempted the walk and was painfully burned and had to be bandaged. Interesting result open to a number of interpretations - I think the role that confidence plays in this process is interesting. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 58.168.118.244 (talk) 10:34, 17 February 2009 (UTC)
 * I hadn't previously realised "confidence" meant "walking quickly" —Preceding unsigned comment added by 202.45.99.157 (talk) 01:52, 5 March 2009 (UTC)

 * Why didn't you realise that? You know that all your life you have run from fear and if we were to put you on the coals you would become a charcoal chicken because you lack the confidence to master this experience.  —Preceding unsigned comment added by 121.218.7.208 (talk) 07:19, 26 March 2009 (UTC)

 * The thermal conductivity of coal is indeed really low. For example, it can be 2000 times lower than that of iron and 5000 times lower than that of aluminium (see Young, Hugh D. and Roger A. Freedman 2004 (11th ed.). University Physics, Boston: Addison-Wesley 2004.) This also explains how my grandfather used to pick up glowing red coals off the floor and throw them back into the fireplace. Of course, you have to do that really quickly. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Allinthebrain (talk • contribs) 02:10, 5 March 2009 (UTC)

Has everyone understood this now? No scientific explanation can cope. None. Zero. This is a complete mystery. Science can't explain it. If you think you have a scientific explanation and want to post it, don't because you are wrong and you havn't read the evidence that was posted above again and again and again. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 58.165.164.241 (talk) 11:25, 5 April 2009 (UTC)
 * Missing the point, missing the point, missing the point. It is documented that people have walked across coals for hundreds of metres, taking several minutes to do so. No scientific explanation explains this.
 * What a bunch of nonsense. I am a scientist and an atheist. Like many people, I did firewalking at a retreat. No incantations were said, no prayers were mumbled, twenty people walked over coals barefoot (eight of them scientists and atheists like me). Some of the other people may have been praying for all they were worth and some of them may have been thinking about Calvin and Hobbes for all I know. None of use were burned. Stick that in your pipe and smoke it.—68.237.225.44 (talk) 04:11, 14 April 2009 (UTC)

 * The fact that you don't know of any scientific explanation that explains it, does not mean there is none. The fact that you don't understand the explanations presented in the article, still does not debunk it. The "evidence" you refer to is the same "evidence" that some Christians refer to when they talk of miracles. It is what has been termed the "argument from personal incredulity", which goes: "If I cannot understand this, then it must be a miracle." That's what people used to think about thunder too... Allinthebrain (talk) 19:37, 14 April 2009 (UTC)
 * I am also an atheist in most practical matters. Tell me, at the firewalking retreat did you spend some time psyching up before you did this act? How did you manage to overcome the mental tension between motivation and fear? A belief in a supernatural being is not necessary to complete this act, but strong belief in something is (even if is the Scientific Method, or Reason or some other belief system). The evidence which I refer to is the documented world record of some 300 feet. This is inexplicable by regular scientic explanations such as heat conductivity, Leidenfrost effect etc etc. Is everyone on board now? Everyone has actually read the information above before posting an opinion which has been posted before and refuted before? I genuinely believe that there is a "scientific" explanation, but we don't understand the mechanism at our current level of knowledge. This is similar to early experiments in electricity, gunpowder, steam - it appears to be magic until the mechanism is understood and tested experimentally, then it becomes rational science. I suspect this mechanism is related to state of mind and not to biological or purely physical means; though I don't have enough evidence to generate a scientific level of certainty yet . There really needs to be some comprehensive testing done. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 124.183.186.246 (talk) 11:05, 18 July 2009 (UTC)
 * One test would be to get experienced firewalkers to cross pits which were prepared by the people who do it, and by people just chosen randomly without knowing which is which. That'd test their mind over matter. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 203.113.234.63 (talk) 05:37, 7 January 2010 (UTC)

"explanation" improvement
That specific section reads like it's been copied from a pamphlet or a seminar or something. Honestly. Gott wisst (talk) 06:06, 16 July 2010 (UTC)
 * Also, it has some irrelevant information (just for example "-that would be undignified" and "-that's why carbon-fiber bike-frames and tennis-rackets don't weigh very much". Gott wisst (talk) 06:09, 16 July 2010 (UTC)

Ah, yes, that is so much better. Thanks whoever did that... Gott wisst (talk) 03:59, 19 July 2010 (UTC)

Tony Robbins Event
On the "Tony Robbins" page it says that reports of injured people were wrong. However, on this page it says the opposite. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 92.246.30.46 (talk) 15:16, 30 August 2012 (UTC)

Walking over stones
By definition in the article "Firewalking is the act of walking barefoot over a bed of hot embers or stones." but no where in the article is walking on stones covered. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 121.151.167.65 (talk) 11:59, 3 October 2012 (UTC)

Only two feet means direct contact at least 50% of the walk.
Since they only walk on two feet, the feet are in direct contact with the charcoal for at least half the time the walk lasts. In the case of a hundreds of feet long walk lasting 30 seconds, that means 15 seconds of direct contact. So the "very short contact" claim is not appliceable to long walks.37.250.248.210 (talk) 10:59, 30 May 2013 (UTC)

 * 30 seconds of ongoing contact is not equal to 15 2-second periods of contact. People do not stand on hot coals, they walk - and when you walk, the soles of your feet are only in contact with the surface you're walking on, for multiple "very short" moments of contact. CleverTitania (talk) 07:35, 19 October 2015 (UTC)

 * How long is "very short"? How long can you leave your hand on the burner of your hot stove before you are injured? I submit that as soon as you throw a steak onto coals it will begin to sizzle. Kortoso (talk) 21:00, 1 November 2017 (UTC)

Tolly Burkan (2)
I removed a sentence on how "Firewalking became popular in the twentieth century when author Tolly Burkan began giving public classes throughout the United States and Europe". The source for that sentence seems rather dubious to me, basically promoting firewalking.com. The newly-added references aren't much better. "Firewalking: A New Look at an Old Enigma" is essentially self-published. Dr. Weil's blog is also self-published by a personal acquaintance of Burkan, and I don't think Weil is a published expert on the history of firewalking. Also, the content gives undue weight to Burkan's efforts. The article lists a very long list of communities where firewalking was "popular" in the 20th century before Burkan. Huon (talk) 19:45, 15 October 2015 (UTC)

 * I see Burkan has been discussed before above. I don't see a consensus to give much space to Burkan-related claims. Huon (talk) 19:49, 15 October 2015 (UTC)

Here is a list of references to support the information. Should they all be listed? YOU CAN READ ABOUT TOLLY AND HIS WORK IN THE FOLLOWING BOOKS:

BIOPLASTICITY by Joseph Sansone High Energy Publishing 2014 A NEW RELATIONSHIP WITH MONEY by Kerry Cudmore Intrinsic Magic Press 2014 THINK BETTER, WIN MORE! by Rob Gilbert, Ph.D. and Mike Tully Center for Sports Success 2014 HEAT by Bill Streever Little, Brown and Company 2013 THE SIX DIMENSIONS OF C.H.A.N.G.E. by Kenny Chapman Kenny Chapman 2009 FIND A WAY by Dennis McCurdy Adam Peck Publishing 2008 THE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RELIGIOUS PHENOMENA by Gordon Melton Visible Ink 2008 LOOKING BACK by James Norman Huth Carl Mautz Publishing 2008 THE QUIRKY WORLD OF INTUITIVE GAMBLING by Esther Hame'I AuthorHouse 2006 THE FOUR SPIRITUAL LAWS OF PROSPERITY by Edwene Gaines

Rodale Books 2005 PLANET MEDICINE by Richard Grossinger North Atlantic Books 2005 THE NEW PERSPECTIVE: TEN TOOLS FOR SELF-TRANSFORMATION by Ron & Denny Reynolds

Trafford Publishing 2005 MIND GAMES by Michael Powell

Barnes & Noble 2004 IF YOU MAKE THE RULES, HOW COME YOU'RE NOT BOSS? by Elaine Smitha

Hampton Roads Publishing Company 2004 EXPERIENCING THE NEXT WORLD NOW by Michael Grosso, Ph.D.

Paraview Pocket Books 2004

IT'S TIME TO WAKE UP

by Reiki Master K. Scott Teeters

Llumina Press 2003

5 SECRETS TO SELF-LOVE

by Grant Trevithick

Quantum Spirituality Press 2003

PROSPERITY GUARANTEED

by Grace Terry, MSW

Lucky Press 2002 INFINITY IN YOUR HAND by William Houff

Skinner House 2001

THE RAINBOW BRIDGE

by Brent Nathaniel Hunter

Spirit Rising Productions 2001 SECRETS OF SUPERSTAR SPEAKERS by Lilly Walters

McGraw-Hill 2000 QUANTUM SPIRITUALITY by Grant Trevithick

Quantum Spirituality Press 2000

THE ULTIMATE EXPERIENCE OF FIRE & ICE

by Dr. Louis Leonardi

DaVinci Press 1998 LIFESTYLES OF THE RICH IN SPIRIT by Alan Cohen

Hay House 1996 QUANTUM LEAP THINKING by James J. Mapes

Dove Books 1996

INDIA ON A THOUSAND DOLLARS A DAY

by Charles Balter

Stillpoint Press 1995

YOUR ROAD MAP TO LIFELONG HAPPINESS

by Ken Keyes, Jr.

Love Line Books 1995 HARPER'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF MYSTICAL AND PARANORMAL EXPERIENCE by Rosemary Ellen Guiley

Harper Collins 1994 THE WORLD ACCORDING TO DAVE BARRY by Dave Barry

Wings Books 1994 THE NEW AGE CATALOGUE by the Editors of BODY, MIND AND SPIRIT

Dolphin Doubleday 1994 MASTERING FEAR by Steven Bisyak

Latte Publishing 1994

STORIES OF THE FIRE

by Michael McDermott

Frog Publishing 1994

SWITCHED - ON LIVING

by Jerry V. Teplitz, J.D., Ph.D. with Norma Eckroate

Hampton Roads Publishing 1994 FIREWALK: THE PSYCHOLOGY OF PHYSICAL IMMUNITY by Jonathan Sternfield

Berkshire House 1992 FIREWALKING by Larissa Vilenskaya and Joan Steffy

The Bramble Company 1992

HARPER'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF MYSTICAL & PARANORMAL EXPERIENCE

by Rosemary Ellen Guiley

Castle Books 1991

FIREWALKING AND RELIGIOUS HEALING by Loring M. Danforth, Ph.D.

Princeton University Press 1989 RETURN TO THE GARDEN by Shakti Gawain

New World Library 1989 DANCING WITH THE FIRE by Michael Sky

Bear & Company 1989 DISCOVERING THE SECRETS OF HAPPINESS by Ken Keyes, Jr.

Love Line Books 1989

INFINITY IN YOUR HAND

by William H. Houff

Melior Publications 1989

SECRETS

by Christina Thomas

Chela Publications 1989 TOO MUCH IS NOT ENOUGH by Orson Bean

Lyle Stuart 1988 DAVE BARRY'S GREATEST HITS by Dave Barry

Ballantine Books 1988 GILBERT ON GREATNESS by Rob Gilbert, Ph.D.

Center for Sports Success 1988 HEALING STATES by Alberto Villoldo, Ph.D. and Stanley Krippner, Ph.D.

Simon & Schuster 1987 THE HEALING OF THE PLANET EARTH by Alan Cohen

Cohen Publishing 1987

HANDBOOK TO HIGHER CONSCIOUSNESS by Ken Keyes, Jr. The Living Love Center 1977

GRACE NOTES by Grace deRond CreateSpace 2015

— Preceding unsigned comment added by 73.12.138.134 (talk) 20:13, 15 October 2015 (UTC)

 * I note that this IP address is geolocated in California, as is Tolly himself. This raises my suspicions of a conflict of interest.  Tayste (edits) 20:18, 15 October 2015 (UTC)

 * Please be specific. Which pages of those books discuss Tolly's efforts in popularizing firewalking? At a very quick glance many of those look like new age pamphlets or self-help guites to me, not quite reliable sources. Huon (talk) 20:25, 15 October 2015 (UTC)

Please google my name and also firewalking. I have worked hard for 38 to demystify firewalking and my work is in over 70 books. Yes some are minor books, but many are published by global publishers. I can reference the statement that I am the one that popularized firewalking in this century. How many references do you want? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 73.12.138.134 (talk) 20:49, 15 October 2015 (UTC)

 * Thank you for confirming that you are Tolly Burkan. Please take a look at Wikipedia's guidelines on conflicts of interest and on writing about yourself. Given the plethora of sources listed above, how about pointing out the best three that confirm your claims? If those sources are easily accessible, that would of course be a bonus. Again, please be specific. Huon (talk) 21:05, 15 October 2015 (UTC)

 * Tolly Burkan seems to be the only person promoting the idea that he is the one that popularized firewalking in this century. Has anyone ever seen any evidence of him physically building a firewalk, tending to it and actually firewalking or know anyone who has firewalked with him in the last 20 years? I cant find any film or photographic evidence other than a couple of videos from before then. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.13.152.159 (talk) 12:43, 19 October 2015 (UTC)

 * He probably means last century. Some people do not update their internal calendar regularly. --Hob Gadling (talk) 10:38, 20 October 2015 (UTC)

 * He talks a lot of hot air and BS, he contradicts himself and the people he and the people who paid money to him to act as his Reps, trains as firewalking instructors in 4 days are downright dangerous He's lining his pocket at the expense of the public's health and well being.User:Firebrand12 —Preceding undated comment added 10:56, 20 October 2015 (UTC)

 * FYI - Steve Consalvez works with Tolly Burkan therefore any edits made by him are a COI Firebrand12 (talk) 01:28, 24 December 2015 (UTC)

Persistence and functions
The second part of this section is nonsense but I am going to leave it to others to decide if it should be removed.

I read one of the cited "research papers" and the statement in the article (synchronized heart rate rhythms between performers of the firewalk and non-performing spectators) has nothing to do with synchronization. What it says, for example, is that when a husband firewalks the wife's heart rate goes up too. From that the main article here states This research suggests that there is a physiological foundation for collective religious rituals, which is a stretch for an encyclopedia. Arbalest Mike (talk) 01:41, 17 October 2015 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Firewalking


text:
Atholl (disambiguation)

Atholl is a region of Scotland.

Atholl may also refer to:

Titles

 * Duke of Atholl, in the Peerage of Scotland from 1703
 * Earl of Atholl, a Scottish title between 10th - 17th century

People

 * Atholl MacGregor (1883–1945), Scottish lawyer and judge
 * Atholl McKinnon (1932–1983), South African cricketer
 * Atholl Oakeley (1900–1987), Welsh wrestler and wrestling promoter

Places

 * Atholl, South Africa, a suburb of Johannesburg
 * Cape Atholl, Greenland
 * Mount Atholl, Antarctica

Other uses

 * Atholl Highlanders, a private infantry regiment
 * HMCS Atholl, of the Royal Canadian Navy

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Atholl (disambiguation)


text:
Atholl, Gauteng

Atholl is a suburb of Johannesburg, South Africa. It is located in Region E. Atholl was the name of a former district in the Scottish Highlands, which is now part of the Perth and Kinross council area.

title: Atholl, Gauteng


text:
Category:Chicago American Gears players

This category is for players on the Chicago American Gears, a professional basketball team that played in the United States' National Basketball League from 1944 to 1947.

title: Category:Chicago American Gears players


text:
Atholl Gardens

Atholl Gardens is a suburb of Johannesburg, South Africa. It is located in Region E.

Demographics
According to the South African National Census of 2001, 615 people lived in Atholl Gardens. 73.7% were White, 22.0% Black African, 3.9% Indian or Asian and 0.5% Coloured. 71.7% spoke English, 7.5% Afrikaans, 5.9% Zulu, 4.4% Tswana, 2.9% Sotho, 2.0% Venda, 2.0% Xhosa, 0.5% Northern Sotho, 0.5% Swazi, 0.5% Southern Ndebele and 2.4% some other language as their first language.

title: Atholl Gardens


text:
Bagleyston

Bagleyston is a suburb of Johannesburg, South Africa. It lies north-east of the Johannesburg CBD and is surrounded by Sydenham, Rouxville and Orchards. It is located in Region E of the City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality.

History
The suburb is situated on part of an old Witwatersrand farm called Klipfontein. It was established in 1947 and named after the original owner Herbert Bagley.

title: Bagleyston


text:
File:IPPC 1990 MBH 1999 Moberg 2005.png

Self-constructed comparison of:
 * IPCC 1990 Figure 7.1.c (green)
 * MBH 1999 40-year average used in IPCC TAR 2001 (red)
 * Moberg et al 2005 low-frequency signal, matching degree Celsius tick marks directly to anomaly data (0 is roughly 1961-1990) (blue)

Note: The IPCC graph lacked explicit scaling.

title: File:IPPC 1990 MBH 1999 Moberg 2005.png


text: File:Lowell lock monsters 200x200.png

title: File:Lowell lock monsters 200x200.png


text:
Still Restless: The Lost Tapes

Still Restless: The Lost Tapes is a 1999 album by Skydiggers.

The album is a different recording of the band's 1992 disc Restless. The 1996 bankruptcy of FRE Records had left the original album, the band's most popular, unavailable in record stores. When they failed to regain control of the master tapes, the band chose to release the rehearsal tapes they had made prior to the recording of Restless.

The track sequencing is significantly different from that of the original album. One track from Restless, "It's Sunday Pouring Down Rain", was not on the new album; instead, a different version of "Joanne", a track from their 1993 album Just Over This Mountain, was substituted. The album also contains two new tracks, including a rendition of the Christmas carol "Good King Wenceslas".

Track listing

 * 1) "Slow Burnin' Fire"  – 3:28 (J.Buckingham)
 * 2) "It's Alright"  – 2:33 (Finlayson/Maize)
 * 3) "Swamp Boogie"  – 3:26 (P.Cash)
 * 4) "Don't Blame it On Me"  – 3:24 (P.Cash)
 * 5) "A Penny More"  – 5:51  (Finlayson/Maize)
 * 6) "Accusations"  – 2:44 (Skydiggers)
 * 7) "Feel You Closer"  – 1:52 (P.Cash)
 * 8) "This Old Town"  – 2:30  (P.Cash)
 * 9) "Just Before the Rain"  – 2:42 (P.Cash)
 * 10) "I Don't Want to Talk About It"  – 4:36 (Finlayson/Maize)
 * 11) "I Don't Know Why"  – 3:40 (P.Cash)
 * 12) "She'd Calm Down"  – 3:00 (Skydiggers)
 * 13) "Joanne"  – 3:14 (Finlayson/Maize)
 * 14) "All Alone"  – 3:45 (Skydiggers)
 * 15) "Good King Wenceslas"  – 3:52 (Traditional)

title: Still Restless: The Lost Tapes


text:
Willie Bloomquist

Willie Paul Bloomquist (born November 27, 1977) is an American baseball coach and former utility player, who is the current head baseball coach of the Arizona State Sun Devils. He played college baseball at Arizona State for coach Pat Murphy from 1997 to 1999 and played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for 14 seasons from 2002 to 2015. In 2021, he returned to his alma mater, Arizona State.

The Seattle Mariners selected Bloomquist in the third round of the 1999 MLB draft. He played 14 years primarily an outfielder and shortstop, with Seattle from 2002 to 2008, the Kansas City Royals from 2009 to 2010, the Cincinnati Reds in 2010, the Arizona Diamondbacks from 2011 to 2013 before returning to Seattle from 2014 to 2015.

High school
Bloomquist was All-State and all-league MVP in baseball at South Kitsap High School in Port Orchard, Washington and was an eighth round pick in 1996 MLB draft. He was a high school teammate with former MLB player Jason Ellison. He also played quarterback for South Kitsap. In his junior season, the team won the state AAA football championship

College
He chose to accept a scholarship to Arizona State University. In 1998, Bloomquist tied a College World Series single-game record with five hits in a  game with Long Beach State. He was honored as Pac-10 Player of the Year in 1999 and was named first-team All-American by Baseball America. He finished his college career with a .394 (256/649) average over three seasons and was named ASU On Deck Circle Most Valuable Player.

Seattle Mariners
Bloomquist was drafted out of South Kitsap High School in Port Orchard, Washington by the Seattle Mariners in the eighth round (237th overall) of the 1996 MLB draft, but was not signed. He was drafted again by the Mariners out of Arizona State University in the third round (95th overall) of the 1999 MLB draft and signed.

The Mariners signed Bloomquist to a contract extension through the season worth $1,875,000, in 2006. On June 15,, he hit an inside-the-park home run in Minute Maid Park. On June 26, 2007, Bloomquist hit a lead-off home run in the second inning—on what was his 1,000th career at-bat.

Kansas City Royals
On January 9, 2009, Bloomquist signed a two-year deal with the Kansas City Royals. He played in 197 games with the Royals over parts of 2 seasons, hitting .265.

Cincinnati Reds
On September 13, 2010, Bloomquist was traded to the Cincinnati Reds for a player to be named later, or cash. In 11 games with the Reds, he hit .333.

Arizona Diamondbacks
On January 18, 2011, Bloomquist signed a one-year contract with the Arizona Diamondbacks. He hit .266 in 97 games with the Diamondbacks in 2011 and re-signed with the team after the season.

Second stint with Mariners
On December 5, 2013, Bloomquist signed a two-year deal to return to the Seattle Mariners. On July 2, 2015, Bloomquist was designated for assignment, and shortstop Chris Taylor called up from the Triple-A Tacoma Rainiers to take his roster spot.

On March 11, 2016, Bloomquist announced his retirement on Twitter.

Coaching career
On June 11, 2021, Bloomquist was named the new head coach of the Arizona State Sun Devils baseball team.

Personal life
Bloomquist is married and has four daughters, Natalie, Ava, Layla and Sydney. He is Roman Catholic.

title: Willie Bloomquist


text:
Benmore Gardens

Benmore Gardens is a suburb of Johannesburg, South Africa. It is located in Region 3 and is in a South African region - some 29 mi (or 46 km) South-West of Pretoria, the country's capital city.

title: Benmore Gardens


text:
Beverley Gardens

Beverley Gardens is a suburb of Johannesburg, South Africa. It is located in Region 3.

title: Beverley Gardens


text:
Birdhaven, Gauteng

Birdhaven is a suburb of Johannesburg, South Africa. It is adjacent to the suburb of Melrose. It is located in Region E of the City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality.

History
The suburb is situated on parts of the old Witwatersrand farms called Syferfontein and Zandfontein. It would be proclaimed as suburb on 8 October 1949 and its name is derived from either the bird sanctuary next door or Jack Bird Barregar and the company Bird Investments.

title: Birdhaven, Gauteng


text:
Birnam, Gauteng

Birnam is a suburb of Johannesburg, South Africa. It is located in Region E of the City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality.

History
The suburb has its origin in 1905, of 14ha and 105 stands. Like most suburbs in the area, it is of Scottish origin, named for Birnam Woods.

title: Birnam, Gauteng


text:
Talk:Desmond's Hip City

Fair use rationale for Image:Desmond's Hip City.jpg
Image:Desmond's Hip City.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images lacking such an explanation can be deleted one week after being tagged, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot (talk) 20:25, 13 February 2008 (UTC)

title: Talk:Desmond's Hip City


text:
User:Alex Nisnevich

'''I'm back from my one-year WikiBreak (10/20/05 - 10/25/06)! However, I am very busy in RL, so I won't be able to go on Wikipedia very often.'''

Hi everybody!

Current tasks
Things I'm working on at the moment:

 * Figure out what to do about my WikiProject Shannara.
 * Expand Wikipedia's current Strugatsky-related pages.
 * Help proofreed and expand Space Apprentice and other early Strugatsky works
 * Create articles for Snail on the Slope and other Strugatsky novels without articles
 * Expand the Strugatsky bibliography
 * Give infoboxes to all Strugatsky novels
 * Add publication history to all Strugatsky novels

Current Location
I'm Alex and I'm a student living on Earth, as of this moment. Check back to this space often as this location may change!!

Interests
My Blogger profile lists some of my interests, as well as my favorite books, movies, and music.

Notable Accomplishments
In 2005 I was a member of the California Mathcounts team.

My LF2 mod, Little Fighter 2.5, has been downloaded over 90,000 times.

Personality
My political compass can be found here.

Contributions to Wikipedia

 * Edit Count
 * Recent Edits
 * Edit Milestones
 * Articles I've Started

Wikipedia Stuff
User:Alex_Nisnevich/wikistuff is a collection of some cool things you can do with Wikipedia that some users may not know about. Feel free to visit, comment, and if you want, add on to it.

WikiProjects/WikiClubs/Wiki Organizations
I am a active participant in the following WikiProjects/WikiClubs/Wiki Organizations:

 * The Cleanup Taskforce
 * WikiProject Shannara
 * Wikipedia 1.0 Review Team

WikiProjects/WikiClubs/Wiki Organizations I'm a Member Of
At the moment, I am not actively participating in these WikiProjects/WikiClubs/Wiki Organizations, but am still a member of them:

 * Double Redirect Removal (20050623-1)
 * Gaming Collaboration of the Week - at least the voting part ;)
 * WikiProject Computer and video games
 * WikiProject Games
 * WikiProject Harry Potter
 * WikiProject Magic: The Gathering
 * WikiProject Role-playing games (Sympathizer)

WikiProjects/WikiClubs/Wiki Organizations I've Started

 * WikiProject Shannara

An explanation of sorts
When I started editing Wikipedia, about a year ago, there were only about 200 WikiProjects, so I joined those that interested me. However, now we have several thousand. There are dozens that interest me, and that I can join, but quite frankly I don't have the time to work in so many WikiProjects at once. For this reason, other than the Cleanup Taskforce, perhaps the 0.5/1.0 crew, and my own WikiProject (Shannara), I do not think I'll participate in Projects or Organizations at this point. -- Alex Nisnevich 05:18, 26 October 2006 (UTC)

title: User:Alex Nisnevich


text:
Talk:Just Over This Mountain

Fair use rationale for Image:Just Over This Mountain.jpg
Image:Just Over This Mountain.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images lacking such an explanation can be deleted one week after being tagged, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot (talk) 14:33, 2 January 2008 (UTC)

title: Talk:Just Over This Mountain


text:
Blairgowrie, Gauteng

Blairgowrie is a suburb of Johannesburg, South Africa. It is located in Region B of the City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality South Africa. It is named after the town of Blairgowrie in Scotland.

The suburb has an active community association called the Blairgowrie Community Association.

History
Prior to the discovery of gold on the Witwatersrand in 1886, the future suburb lay on land on one of the original farms that make up Johannesburg, called Klipfontein. The farm was bought by William Grey Rattray in 1890 and renamed it Craighall. In 1928, his daughter would rename part of the land on the farm after her father, Rattray's birthplace, Blairgowrie in Scotland in Britain. The suburb consisted of 406 stands over 56 ha and was established in 1941.

title: Blairgowrie, Gauteng


text: Talk:Restless (Skydiggers album)

title: Talk:Restless (Skydiggers album)


text:
Talk:Index of geography articles

Category
This page should be converted into a category. If nobody objects I will do it within a week. --komencanto 00:50, 13 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Wow, that's an old message. But I almost answered it.  :-)  The Transhumanist 08:50, 1 December 2007 (UTC)
 * And we're still waiting! Does "Kemencanto" rhyme with "Godot"? :) –  SatyrTN (talk | contribs) 23:07, 8 December 2007 (UTC)
 * I'm intending to split this page into subpages based on the alphabet, unless someone objects. I'd say most of these articles are probably sourced to "some" category.  Mbisanz (talk) 23:21, 8 December 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:Index of geography articles


text: Talk:Road Radio

title: Talk:Road Radio


text: Talk:Skydiggers (album)

title: Talk:Skydiggers (album)


text:
Talk:Still Restless: The Lost Tapes

cover
http://www.skydiggers.com/images/still_restless.jpg —Preceding unsigned comment added by 82.155.145.105 (talk) 13:48, 17 February 2008 (UTC)

title: Talk:Still Restless: The Lost Tapes


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Bordeaux, Gauteng

Bordeaux is a suburb of Johannesburg, South Africa. Found north of the Johannesburg CBD, it is next to the suburbs of Ferndale, Blairgowrie and Hurlingham. It is located in Region B of the City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality.

History
The suburb is situated on part of an old Witwatersrand farm called Klipfontein 479. It was established in April 1940 and named after the French city of Bordeaux.

Schools
The suburb currently has only one school, Bordeaux Primary. The other, Greenhills Primary School, was closed down (year TBC) owing to dwindling young population in the area.

title: Bordeaux, Gauteng


text: User talk:68.72.127.95

title: User talk:68.72.127.95


text:
List of Barney and Friends episodes

Barney & Friends is an American children's television series that originally ran on PBS Kids from April 6, 1992, to November 2, 2010.

Season 12 (2008)
This is the first season since season 9 to have the full 30-minute runtime.

Season 14 (2010)
Season 14 consists of repackaged Season 10 and 11 episodes, but is still noted as a separate season.

title: List of Barney and Friends episodes


text:
Loch Ard (ship)

Loch Ard was an iron-hulled clipper ship that was built in Scotland in 1873 and wrecked on the Shipwreck Coast of Victoria, Australia in 1878.

Building
Charles Connell and Company of Scotstoun, Glasgow built Loch Ard for the General Shipping Company, part of the Loch Line of Glasgow that operated between Great Britain and Australia. Her yard number was 57 and she was launched on 8 November 1873. Her registered length was 262.7 ft, her beam was 38.3 ft and her depth was 23.0 ft. Her tonnages were and. She had three masts and was a full-rigged ship.

Her owners registered Loch Ard in Glasgow. Her official number was 68061 and her code letters were WSGD.

The ship was named after Loch Ard in Scotland, a loch west of Aberfoyle and east of Loch Lomond. It means "high lake" in Scottish Gaelic. She gave her name to Loch Ard Gorge on the Shipwreck Coast.

Maiden voyage
Loch Ard was twice dismasted on her maiden voyage from Glasgow to Melbourne. The first dismasting was in December 1873, only days after leaving Glasgow. She was able to turn back and be repaired. On 26 January 1874 she left Glasgow for the second time. On 2 April a gale in the Southern Ocean broke all three of her masts. On the fourth day after the accident, her crew managed to bale her out and make jury-masts. She reached Melbourne on 24 May.

Final voyage
Loch Ard left Gravesend, Kent on 1 March 1878, bound for Melbourne, commanded by Captain George Gibbs and with a crew of 37 men and 17 passengers, a total of 54 people. She was loaded with a general mixed cargo. On 1 June she was approaching Melbourne. The crew expected to sight land but encountered heavy fog. The inquest determined that, unable to see the Cape Otway lighthouse; having faulty chronometers on board; and not having been able to take a reading to establish his exact position due to bad weather conditions over the previous few days, Gibbs was unaware how close he was running to the coast. The fog lifted around 4am, revealing breakers and cliff faces. Gibbs quickly ordered sail to be set to come about and get clear of the coast, but they were unable to do so in time, and ran aground on a reef. The masts and rigging came down, killing some people on deck and preventing the lifeboats from being launched effectively. The ship sank within 10 or 15 minutes of striking the reef.

The widespread popular belief that Gibbs mistook the opening of the nearby Loch Ard Gorge for Port Phillip Heads has no basis in fact or probability. There is no physical or cartographic resemblance whatever, ships are obliged to stop outside the Heads to take on a pilot, and Loch Ard never entered the Gorge.

The only two survivors of the wreck were Eva Carmichael, who survived by clinging to a spar for five hours, and Thomas Pearce, an apprentice who clung to the upturned hull of a lifeboat. Pearce came ashore first, then heard Carmichael's shouts and went back into the ocean to rescue her. They came ashore at what is now known as Loch Ard Gorge and sheltered there before seeking help. Pearce was the stepson of Captain RGA Pearce, Master of SS Gothenburg, which had been wrecked off Queensland in 1875.

Surviving artefacts
Loch Ard's cargo included various luxury goods, including a grand piano which later washed up in the Gorge, and a large decorative porcelain peacock made by Minton in England, intended to be displayed in the Melbourne International Exhibition in 1880. The peacock was recovered intact and was eventually able to be displayed a century later for the Victoria Pavilion at the Brisbane 1988 World Exposition. It is now on display at the Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum in Warrnambool, Victoria, along with other relics of the wreck.

Also recovered was a unique Georgian pocket watch, made in 1814 by the Belfast watchmaker James McCabe, reputedly for Dublin Corporation to present to King George IV in 1814. It was found in the waistband of Eva Carmichael's elder sister Rebecca, whose body was among those recovered and buried after the shipwreck. Eva returned to Ireland, and in 1884 married a Thomas Townsend, to whom she gave the watch. The watch remained with their heirs until October 2011, when their grandson auctioned it in Australia. Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum had the watch designated an "item of national significance", thereby securing federal government funding to buy the watch for the museum.

Wreck
Loch Ard's wreck lies at a depth of 25 m. It is a recreational wreck diving site, rated "Advanced Open Water and beyond".

Play
Eva and the Cabin Boy by Sheila Dewey, produced at the Warehouse Theatre in Croydon in 1994, concerned the Loch Ard shipwreck.

title: Loch Ard (ship)