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Little Sandy Desert

The Little Sandy Desert (LSD) is a desert region in the state of Western Australia, lying to the east of the Pilbara and north of the Gascoyne regions. It is part of the Western Desert cultural region, and was declared an interim Australian bioregion in the 1990s.

History
Indigenous groups that have identified with the region include the Mandilara, an Aboriginal Australian group who are regarded as the traditional owners of the land. Today the group recognised as traditional owners are the Martu people.

The desert is crossed by the Canning Stock Route, an historic stock route created in the early 20th century.

Description
The Little Sandy Desert covers around 110,900 km2 and adjoins the Great Sandy Desert (110,900 km2, to the north) and the Gibson Desert (156,300 km2, to the east), all of which lie within the huge Australian Arid Zone which covers the centre of the Australian continent. It lies east of the Pilbara region, and north of Gascoyne, and is part of the Western Desert.

To the north the nearest large area identifiable is the Karlamilyi National Park.

Geography
Its landforms, fauna and flora are all similar to the Great Sandy Desert. The three deserts have low and highly variable rainfall, averaging 250–350 mm annually, with most of it in summer. The median annual rainfall, based on the years 1890–2005, across the whole of the LSD is 178 mm. and are subject to extreme heat. The landscape is dominated by red sand dunes, sandstone mesas and rocky plains.

The Rudall River has its headwaters in the LSD, flowing northeast into the southern Great Sandy Desert, where it occasionally empties into Lake Dora, an ephemeral salt lake. There are a few permanent water sources in the hills, and some waterholes left by the Canning Stock Route.

The town of Jigalong is on the western edge of the desert, with a population of approximately 300 in 2016. The traditional owners of this area are recognised as the Martu people. There are also two smaller communities at Parnngurr and Punmu.

Locations

Some of the landforms and locations within the LSD include:

 * Carnarvon Range, aka Katjarra
 * Calvert Range
 * McKay Range
 * Durba Hills
 * Savory Creek
 * Kumpupintil Lake (formerly Lake Disappointment )
 * Rudall River headwaters
 * Beyondie Camp
 * Cooma Camp
 * Savory Camp

Ecology
There is a high level of biodiversity among plants and animals, with some species threatened by various factors. Only around 4.6% of the Little Sandy Desert bioregion is within a protected area, much of which is managed as an Indigenous Protected Area, the Birriliburu Indigenous Protected Area (IPA), which stretches into the Gibson Desert, meaning that the land is looked after by its traditional owners.

Most of the area is covered by hummock grasslands (Triodia spp.), with a few eucalypts, acacias, grevilleas, and bloodwoods (Corymbia chippendalei) are found on sand hills. As of 2020 over 2000 plant taxa have been identified, with only two of these recognised as threatened species; over 550 of these are in the southern LSD, including 16 species of conservation significance. The bark of the birdflower is used by local people to make belts and sandals, while the spear tree is used for making spears for men and digging sticks for women.

There are many reptiles and birds species, but many small- to medium-sized mammals have gone extinct, and many are threatened. There have been 103 bird species recorded in the Birriliburu IPA, and 116 within the whole desert, including the Australian bustard (Aredeotis australis) and bush stone-curlew (Burhinus grallariu). Threatened animal species include:
 * Greater bilby
 * Princess parrot
 * Kakarratul/northern marsupial mole
 * Australian bustard
 * Brush-tailed mulgara
 * Grey falcon

Threats to biodiversity include wildfires, feral animals, weeds, and uncontrolled grazing. Feral camels destroy water sources, and along with donkeys, horses and rabbits help destroy the ecosystem by overgrazing. feral cats have reduced the populations of bilbies and mulgara. Foxes are the main threats to mammals. Buffel grass threatens the native plant species, as it is tough, and burns hotter in the ever more frequent bushfires caused by climate change.

Bush Heritage Australia has done some plant and animal surveys in Katjarra.

Bioregion
The Little Sandy Desert (LSD) is an interim Australian bioregion no. 63, covering 11,089,857 km2. The biogregions were developed by the Australian Government as an environmental planning tool in the 1990s, with IBRA7 defining "large geographically distinct bioregions based on common climate, geology, landform, native vegetation and species information".

Economy
There are almost no tourist facilities, and the environment is harsh. Only the most experienced travellers, who know how to survive without help in the desert, should visit. Few roads are signposted. At Katjarra, there are two camping spots, with shed tanks and long-drop toilets, and Indigenous rangers are available to show tourists the part of the range that is open to the public. Mining for copper and gold, and some exploration for uranium, are the main economic activities. There is limited grazing for stock animals in the east.

Carnarvon Range/Katjarra
The Carnarvon Range(s), known as Katjarra to the Martu people, covers around 2000 km2. It is a sacred and significant place for the Indigenous people, associated with the creator being sometimes termed the rainbow serpent, and it contains much ancient rock art. There are rock paintings of the bilby, the black-flanked rock-wallaby and a headdress made for ceremonial use, created using ochres and charcoal, and it is one of the largest such sites in Australia. Over 25,000 lithic artefacts have been located at the site.

Katjarra is fairly close to Well 5 on the Canning Stock Route, and had been frequently visited by travellers and tourists; access had also  opened up from Wiluna in the 1970s owing to pastoral leases and mining interests nearby, Over time, there had been loss of or damage to thousands of Aboriginal artefacts, including grinding stones. The federal government created an Indigenous Protected Area of 66,540 km2 of the Central Desert an Indigenous Protected Area in 2008, handing over management of the land to the traditional owners. The mountain was closed to the public, as part of the Birriliburu IPA, in 2008, which gave time to plan for future tourism and to do archaeological research and ecological surveys.

Karnatukul
The rock art and archaeological site at Karnatukul was given the name Serpent's Glen by dogger Peter Muir (father of artist and Indigenous rights activist Kado Muir) in 1965, "on account of the large number of snake drawings hereabouts and their obvious association with Aboriginal legends of Rainbow Serpents".

The site was, until recently, estimated to have been inhabited for up to 25,000 years, and known as the site of the oldest continuous recorded occupation in the Western Desert cultural region. The Martu people used to congregate at Katjarra when other water sources had dried up. However, a study published in September 2018 showed that humans had in fact occupied the site around 47,830 Cal BP. This and other recent studies, which were done at the request of the native title holders, shed new light on the concept of deep time, as well as the social geography of arid zones. The study, using archaeobotany to establish its findings, found that wattle had been collected throughout the whole history of the site, confirming its status as the oldest known site of continuous occupation in the Western Desert. The wood was used as firewood, food, bush medicine and for making tools, from the Pleistocene through to the Holocene eras, and more than 100 species were used across the continent by other Aboriginal peoples. Karnakatul shows one of the earliest uses of firewood, and habitation continued through times of extreme climate change, when the desertification occurred as the polar ice sheets expanded.

In 2014, the Birriliburu traditional owners and rangers reopened Katjarra for the month of July, with the hope of opening it to the public each July in the future. Permits were issued for 70 visitors, with an access fee of $100 access fee per vehicle. It was also hoped that more Aboriginal people, especially young people, would visit to reconnect with their culture.

title: Little Sandy Desert


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The Snapper (novel)

The Snapper (1990) is a novel by Irish writer Roddy Doyle and the second novel in The Barrytown Trilogy.

The plot revolves around unmarried Sharon Rabbitte's pregnancy, and the unexpected effects this has on her conservative, working-class Dublin family. When twenty-year-old Sharon informs her father, Jimmy Sr., and mother, Veronica, about her pregnancy, they aren't thrilled but do not display histrionics. Though they ask about the father's identity, Sharon does not tell them. Jimmy Sr. then invites Sharon out to the local pub for a drink.

Sharon's friends are as interested as her family in the father's identity, but she refuses to tell them. Instead, his identity becomes common knowledge when George Burgess, the father of Sharon's friend, Yvonne, leaves his wife and claims to feel torn between her and Sharon: George is the father, the pair have had a sexual encounter while drunk. Sharon briefly questions if the encounter was sexual assault, an interpretation that has found traction among readers. Sharon tells everyone that the father was a Spanish sailor, to avoid the embarrassment and the shame of everybody knowing. However, most of the town believes the truth. She is often criticized and made fun of because of Burgess being the father. Yvonne Burgess shuns her. Jackie, another of Sharon's friends, stands by her, which rekindles their formerly close relationship. The incident temporarily fractures Sharon's relationship with her father and causes her to quit her job as a shelf stacker. Eventually, Burgess returns to his family. Sharon gives birth to a baby girl and considers naming her Georgina.

Reception
The Snapper was published in 1990, before the release of The Commitments movie but after the news that it was being made and frequent coverage and discussion of the film shoot in the Irish media. As such, it was released to significantly more hype and expectation than Doyle's debut. An extract of the novel was published in the Sunday Independent prior to its release. Writing for the Sunday Tribune, Peter Sheridan remarked that "Doyle has an extraordinary comic touch - not since I first delved into Flann O'Brien have I so consistently laughed out loud while reading a book". Kirkus Reviews praised the novel, referring to it as "...warm, frank, and very funny account of family life and pregnancy".

In a review for the Irish Independent, Sean McMahon wrote "what is different about this novel and one written even ten years ago is that church and clergy are non-existent. Religion plays no significant part".

Adaptations
The Snapper was made into a film directed by Stephen Frears and starring Tina Kellegher and Colm Meaney. The film changes the family surname from 'Rabbitte' to 'Curley' due to issues with the rights.

A version for stage premiered to acclaim at Dublin's Gate Theatre in 2018. The stage show was directed by Róisín McBrinn and revived in 2019.

BBC radio broadcast a reading of the entire Barrytown Trilogy in 2013, performed by Jim Sheridan.

Legacy
The book and film of The Snapper are extremely well known in Ireland. In particular the film is shown regularly on television.

Both the film and the book have been reappraised in the wake of the MeToo movement and cancel culture, particularly with regard to how consent is addressed in the texts. Sharon's unplanned pregnancy and her poor memory of the night she got pregnant are central to the book and its comedy, and the significance of whether her encounter with Burgess was consensual or not is critical to the reader's understanding of the book. It is generally held that the film plays this more ambiguously than the book; in the novel she wonders if what happened to her counts as rape. Concerns of this nature about the book were raised at the time by female journalists such as Nuala O'Faolain and Mary Carr.

In 2021, Doyle stated in an interview that he would have dealt with this topic differently now, stating "so much has changed since 1986, when I started writing The Snapper... the legislation on rape is clearer today. As the writer [if I wrote it today], I’d make sure that the sex was consensual, that it wasn’t open to doubt. The novel is about a woman taking ownership of her own story; that wouldn't change". In the same interview he added that Sharon wouldn't have stated that "abortion is murder" so bluntly if it was set today.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: The Snapper (novel)


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File:BobMould-BodyOfSong.jpg

Front cover of Bob Mould's Body Of Song CD. Cover art by Kenn Brown and Chris Wren for Monolithic, Layout by Brett Marden. (c)2005 Granary Music/Yep Roc Records

title: File:BobMould-BodyOfSong.jpg


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Resection

Resection may refer to:

 * Resection (surgery), the removal by surgery of all or part of an organ or other body structure
 * Segmental resection (or segmentectomy), the partial removal of an organ or other body structure
 * Position resection and intersection, a means of establishing a location by measuring angles only to known points
 * Free stationing Resection, a means of establishing a position and orientation of a total station by measuring angles and distances to known points
 * DNA end resection, the process of cutting away the 5′ side of a blunt end of double-stranded DNA

title: Resection


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Monster Island

Monster Island may refer to:

Film

 * Monster Island (2004 film), a television film
 * Monster Island (2017 film), an animated film produced by Ánima Estudios
 * Monster Island (2019 film), an action film by Mark Atkins

Games

 * Monster Island (play-by-mail game), a play-by-mail game active from the 1980s to the 2000s
 * Monster Islands, a fictional planet in LittleBigPlanet Karting

Literature

 * Monster Island (Buffy/Angel novel), a 2003 novel by Christopher Golden and Thomas E. Sniegoski
 * Monster Island (Wellington novel), a 2004 novel by David Wellington
 * Monster Isle, the Mole Man's base in the Marvel Comics canon

title: Monster Island


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Laser microphone

A laser microphone is a surveillance device that uses a laser beam to detect sound vibrations in a distant object. It can be used to eavesdrop with minimal chance of exposure.

The object is typically inside a room where a conversation is taking place and can be anything that can vibrate (for example, a picture on a wall) in response to the pressure waves created by noises present in the room. The object preferably should have a smooth surface for the beam to be reflected accurately. The laser beam is directed into the room through a window, reflects off the object, and returns to a receiver that converts the beam to an audio signal. The beam may also be bounced off the window itself. The minute differences in the distance traveled by the light as it reflects from the vibrating object are detected interferometrically. The interferometer converts the variations to intensity variations, and electronics are used to convert these variations to signals that can be converted back to sound.

History
The technique of using a light beam to remotely record sound probably originated with Léon Theremin in the Soviet Union at or before 1947, when he developed and used the Buran eavesdropping system. This worked by using a low power infrared beam (not a laser) from a distance to detect the sound vibrations in the glass windows. Lavrentiy Beria, head of the KGB, had used this Buran device to spy on the U.S., British, and French embassies in Moscow.

On 25 August 2009, was issued for a device that uses a laser beam and smoke or vapor to detect sound vibrations in free air ("Particulate Flow Detection Microphone based on a laser-photocell pair with a moving stream of smoke or vapor in the laser beam's path"). Sound pressure waves cause disturbances in the smoke that in turn cause variations in the amount of laser light reaching the photo detector. A prototype of the device was demonstrated at the 127th Audio Engineering Society convention in New York City from 9 through 12 October 2009.

title: Laser microphone


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Belorusskaya (Zamoskvoretskaya line)

Belorusskaya (Белору́сская) is a Moscow Metro station on the Zamoskvoretskaya line. Designed by architects Ivan Taranov and Nadezhda Bykova, it was opened in 1938 as part of the second stage of the Moscow Metro.

Name
The station is named after the nearby Belorussky Rail Terminal, from which westward trains towards Belarus and western Europe depart.

Design
The station is decorated with national Belarusian motives, which include the facing of rectangular pylons faced with pink marble from Birobidzhan on the exterior and with black davalu marble in the passageway to the platforms. Bronze floor-lamps decorate the pylon niches, in the end of the central hall is a bust of Vladimir Lenin.

The station underwent several modernisations which slightly altered its original design. The floor, initially being based on Belarusian national ornaments, was replaced with square tiles of black and grey marble. The walls also initially covered with indigo ceramic tiles were replaced by indigo marble in 2004.

In 1952, a series of staircases was added to the southern side of the central hall, and a transfer to Belorusskaya station on the Koltsevaya line was opened. In 1958 the first cruise control system in the Moscow Metro was tested on Belorusskaya, with a photoelement installed on a train.

Traffic
The station receives 139,700 passengers per day from the Koltsevaya line and 45,950 from its vestibule, built into the Belorussky Rail Terminal.

title: Belorusskaya (Zamoskvoretskaya line)


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Talk:Big Bad

Origin
It should probably be noted that "Big Bad" probably comes from "Big Bad Evil Guy" (or BBEG) which is used by tabletop gamers in reference to their main antagonist. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 70.157.104.212 (talk) 14:10, 24 February 2011 (UTC)
 * I'm thinking there was at least one Warner Brothers cartoon, circa 1950s, where a young wolf referred to his "Uncle Big Bad." I believe the use of "Big Bad" as a humorous nickname for the Big Bad Wolf, or other villains, well pre-dates both Buffy and RPG. PurpleChez (talk) 16:56, 16 November 2012 (UTC)

Expansion
AS was pointed out before this article isn't good enough, i think that the article can continue but more examples of other tv shows should be used and expanded upon, as an article about Buffy it doesn't have a goon enough reason to exist. --Powerful Lord (talk) 21:53, 29 July 2012 (UTC)

A few thoughts: 1. "BBEG" redirects here, but is neither explained nor even mentioned. That is bad, especially since I found this page looking for an explanation of that acronym. (Googling shows possible breakdowns to "Big Bad Evil Guy" or "Big Bad End Guy") 2. The term is defined and used repeatedly in the BTVS roleplaying game to explain the narrative structure of both the television series and of storytelling campaigns, and of story arcs in general. It is useful, however, to differentiate between "A" big bad, describing a role's impact during a series/gameplay, and "THE" Big Bad, describing a single role fulfilling this function in a whole season/campaign story arc. You can also define "fake" or "decoy" big bads, which are a mainstay in storytelling in general (practically every mystery or crime series uses them), allowing for a later twist revealing the true big bad. 3. "The" Big Bad in season 2 of BTVS is Angelus. Spike and Drusilla are decoys. Also, in Season 6 it's evil Willow ("Darth Rosenberg"), with the trio being a deliberately not too convincing fake (except Warren). — Preceding unsigned comment added by 77.186.179.217 (talk) 13:21, 6 April 2013 (UTC) 4. "Big Bad Evil Guy" is probably a better explanation, since the big bad is not necessarily the last opponent. In old James Bond movies, for example, the big bad fight is usually the climax, followed by a steep drop in tension signalling a (fake) happy end, followed by a postclimax endfight with the 2nd biggest bad, and then, finally, the real happy end (or, in at least one case, a tragic end). 77.186.179.217 (talk) 13:32, 6 April 2013 (UTC) Zeromant

Requested move 16 April 2020

 * The following is a closed discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review after discussing it on the closer's talk page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

The result of the move request was: No consensus to move. Quotations of sources in the current revision use "big bad" (with quotation marks) or Big Bad. While there's no consensus that big bad predominates, some responses do not firmly oppose another move discussion much later. (non-admin closure) Rotideypoc41352 (talk · contribs) 04:40, 25 April 2020 (UTC)

Big Bad → Big bad – Not a proper noun to begin in caps. While it may have been so during Buffy run, it has now devolved into a common noun preceded by "the" or "a", eg: "this is way faster than we've ever stopped a big bad". Kailash29792 (talk)  15:38, 16 April 2020 (UTC)
 * Support per nom.--Ortizesp (talk) 15:59, 16 April 2020 (UTC)
 * Oppose, a proper noun with specific meaning on the Buffy series and in scholarly work about the series. The nom first agrees that it "may have been" a proper noun during the Buffy run, but it has now devolved. That's not how encyclopedias work. If it was a proper noun then it still is (the example used in the nom is from some blog, I'm not clicking on it. The sources on the page are much better indicators of case usage). Randy Kryn (talk) 20:47, 16 April 2020 (UTC)
 * Oppose The example provided in nom is from a transcript of a TV show (extracted from a DVD?). That example is written in caps several other places, including Wikiquote. Due to it being a functional shift and tied to a persona, it is often written Big Bad and/or in quotes to show intention (and not accidentally missing "Wolf"). Does usage win out over being an improper noun? My unscientific searching found the capitalized version slightly dominate, even now. Ask again in a year or two. StrayBolt (talk) 04:15, 17 April 2020 (UTC)
 * Oppose. Both capitalisations are equally acceptable. This term is far too recent to treat using the 19th-century prescriptive linguistics theory of English grammar that is still commonly taught in primary schools and which seems the basis for Wikipedia's approach to proper names (which we generally call proper nouns as above) and to their capitalisation. Andrewa (talk) 16:47, 24 April 2020 (UTC)

 * The discussion above is closed. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

title: Talk:Big Bad


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CCM mode

CCM mode (counter with cipher block chaining message authentication code; counter with CBC-MAC) is a mode of operation for cryptographic block ciphers. It is an authenticated encryption algorithm designed to provide both authentication and confidentiality. CCM mode is only defined for block ciphers with a block length of 128 bits.

The nonce of CCM must be carefully chosen to never be used more than once for a given key. This is because CCM is a derivation of counter (CTR) mode and the latter is effectively a stream cipher.

Encryption and authentication
As the name suggests, CCM mode combines counter (CTR) mode for confidentiality with cipher block chaining message authentication code (CBC-MAC) for authentication. These two primitives are applied in an "authenticate-then-encrypt" manner: CBC-MAC is first computed on the message to obtain a message authentication code (MAC), then the message and the MAC are encrypted using counter mode. The main insight is that the same encryption key can be used for both, provided that the counter values used in the encryption do not collide with the (pre-)initialization vector used in the authentication. A proof of security exists for this combination, based on the security of the underlying block cipher. The proof also applies to a generalization of CCM for any block size, and for any size of cryptographically strong pseudo-random function (since in both counter mode and CBC-MAC, the block cipher is only ever used in one direction).

CCM mode was designed by Russ Housley, Doug Whiting and Niels Ferguson. At the time CCM mode was developed, Russ Housley was employed by RSA Laboratories.

A minor variation of CCM, called CCM*, is used in the Zigbee standard. CCM* includes all of the features of CCM. It allows a choice of MAC lengths down to 0 (which disables authentication and becomes encryption-only).

Performance
CCM requires two block cipher encryption operations on each block of an encrypted-and-authenticated message, and one encryption on each block of associated authenticated data.

According to Crypto++ benchmarks, AES CCM requires 28.6 cycles per byte on an Intel Core 2 processor in 32-bit mode.

Notable inefficiencies:
 * CCM is not an "on-line" authenticated encryption with associated data (AEAD), in that the length of the message (and associated data) must be known in advance.
 * In the MAC construction, the length of the associated data has a variable-length encoding, which can be shorter than machine word size. This can cause pessimistic MAC performance if associated data is long (which is uncommon).
 * Associated data is processed after message data, so it is not possible to pre-calculate state for static associated data.

Patents
The catalyst for the development of CCM mode was the submission of offset codebook (OCB) mode for inclusion in the IEEE 802.11i standard. Opposition was voiced to the inclusion of OCB mode because of a pending patent application on the algorithm. Inclusion of a patented algorithm meant significant licensing complications for implementors of the standard.

While the inclusion of OCB mode was disputed based on these intellectual property issues, it was agreed that the simplification provided by an authenticated encryption system was desirable. Therefore, Housley, et al. developed CCM mode as a potential alternative that was not encumbered by patents.

Even though CCM mode is less efficient than OCB mode, a patent free solution was preferable to one complicated by patent licensing issues. Therefore, CCM mode went on to become a mandatory component of the IEEE 802.11i standard, and OCB mode was relegated to optional component status, before eventually being removed altogether.

Use
CCM mode is used in IEEE 802.11i (as CCMP, the CCM encryption protocol for WPA2), IPsec, and TLS 1.2, as well as Bluetooth Low Energy (as of Bluetooth 4.0). It is available for TLS 1.3, but not enabled by default in OpenSSL.

title: CCM mode


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User talk:Dswanson

Welcome!
Hello, Dswanson, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thanks for your contributions; I hope you like it here and decide to stay. We're glad to have you in our community! Here are a few good links for newcomers:

 * If you haven't already, drop by the new user log and tell others a bit about yourself.
 * Always sign your posts on talk pages with  so others will know who left which comments.
 * The Five Pillars of Wikipedia
 * Our policies, guidelines, and simplified ruleset
 * How to edit a page and write a great article
 * The Wikipedia tutorial and picture tutorial
 * The handy Manual of Style
 * And finally, remember to be bold in updating pages!

I hope you enjoy editing and being a Wikipedian. Although we all make mistakes, please keep in mind what Wikipedia is not. If you have any questions or concerns, don't hesitate to see the help pages or add a question to the village pump. The Community Portal can also be very useful.

Happy editing!

-- Sango  123  02:37, July 16, 2005 (UTC)

P.S. Feel free to leave a message on my talk page if you need help with anything or simply wish to say hello. :)

Children of the Mushroom
Thanks for the note. Annotated article has examples of most of the most common formatting issues, while Tutorial has a bit more explicit 'how to' info. But for the most part, don't worry about it too much: A) We were all newcomers once, so no one expects newer arrivals to know everything immediately, B) There are plenty of people like me that enjoy doing various types of 'housekeeping' edits as much as, or even more than, adding content, so it'll get polished in due course, and C) All good-faith contributions are appreciated regardless of superficial issues like formatting. The main way I learned most of what I know about Wikipedia editting has been from editting existing articles, and seeing how the wiki syntax looks compared to how it displays and that sort of thing. It has certainly been more fun than trying to memorize the entire Manual of Style, let alone all the other policy and guideline pages. Niteowlneils 21:29, 16 July 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Dswanson


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Bewick's wren

The Bewick's wren (Thryomanes bewickii) is a wren native to North America. It is the only species placed in the genus Thryomanes. At about 14 cm long, it is grey-brown above, white below, with a long white eyebrow. While similar in appearance to the Carolina wren, it has a long tail that is tipped in white. The song is loud and melodious, much like the song of other wrens. It lives in thickets, brush piles and hedgerows, open woodlands and scrubby areas, often near streams. It eats insects and spiders, which it gleans from vegetation or finds on the ground.

Its historic range was from southern British Columbia, Nebraska, southern Ontario, and southwestern Pennsylvania, Maryland, south to Mexico, Arkansas and the northern Gulf States. However, it is now extremely rare east of the Mississippi River.

Taxonomy
In 1827, the American ornithologist John James Audubon included an illustration of Bewick's wren under the binomial name Troglodytes bewickii in his The Birds of America. In the companion Ornithological Biography, published four years later, Audubon explained that he had shot the specimen near St. Francisville, Louisiana in 1821 and had chosen the specific epithet bewickii in honour of his friend the engraver Thomas Bewick. Bewick's wren is now the only species placed in the genus Thryomanes that was introduced by the English zoologist Philip Sclater in 1862.

The Socorro wren was formerly also placed in Thryomanes, but is now known to be a close relative of the house wren complex, as indicated by biogeography and mtDNA NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 sequence analysis, whereas Thryomanes seems not too distant from the Carolina wren.

Subspecies
Fifteen subspecies are recognised of which two are now extinct. Subspecies can be distinguished by the small differences in the color of the dorsal feathers but this can be difficult for museum specimens as the colors tend to change after a few years of storage.

 * T. b. calophonus Oberholser, 1898 – southwest Canada and northwest USA
 * T. b. drymoecus Oberholser, 1898 – west Canada. Includes T. b. atrestus.
 * T. b. marinensis Grinnell, 1910 – coastal northwest California
 * T. b. spilurus (Vigors, 1839) – coastal central California
 * † T. b. leucophrys (Anthony, 1895) – Extinct, formerly San Clemente Island, California
 * T. b. charienturus Oberholser, 1898 – southern California and northwest Baja California
 * T. b. cerroensis (Anthony, 1897) – west central Baja California
 * T. b. magdalenensis Huey, 1942 – southwest Baja California
 * † T. b. brevicauda Ridgway, 1876 – Extinct, formerly Guadalupe Island, Mexico
 * T. b. eremophilus Oberholser, 1898 – interior southwest USA to central Mexico
 * T. b. cryptus Oberholser, 1898 – west Kansas, west Oklahoma and central, east Texas and northeast Mexico
 * T. b. pulichi (Phillips, AR, 1986) – east Kansas and Oklahoma
 * T. b. sadai (Phillips, AR, 1986) – south Texas (southern USA) to central Tamaulipas (northeast Mexico)
 * T. b. mexicanus (Deppe, 1830) – central and south Mexico. Includes T. b. murinus.
 * T. b. bewickii (Audubon, 1827) – Nominate subspecies, central and east central USA. Includes T. b. altus.

Description
The Bewick's wren has an average length of 5.1 inches (13 cm) an average weight of 0.3 to 0.4 ounces (8–12 g), and a wingspan of 18 cm. Its plumage is brown on top and light grey underneath, with a white stripe above each eye. Its beak is long, slender, and slightly curved. Its most distinctive feature is its long tail with black bars and white corners. It moves its tail around frequently, making this feature even more obvious for observers.

Juveniles look similar to adults, with only a few key differences. Their beaks are usually shorter and stockier. In addition, their underbelly might feature some faint speckling. Males and females are very similar in appearance.

Vocalizations
Bewick's wrens, like many wrens, are very vocal. Both females and males make short calls while foraging and both use a harsh scolding call when agitated. Males also sing in order to attract mates and protect their territory. The song is broken into two or three individual parts; one individual male may exhibit up to twenty-two different variations on the song pattern, and may even throw in a little ventriloquism to vary it even further. A male wren learns its song from neighboring males, so its song will be different from its father's.

Geographic variation
Geographic differences have been observed in the appearance of the Bewick's wren. Eastern populations, prior to their decline, were described as being more colorful, such as having a reddish tint to its brown feathers. Pacific populations are described as being darker in appearance, while populations in the Southwest are described as having a grayer plumage.

Geographic differences have also been noted in the song of Bewick's wrens. Each regional population of Bewick's wrens have distinctive vocalizations, in particular their call notes. Pacific populations sing notably more complicated songs than Southwestern populations. Eastern populations were also noted to be excellent singers.

Distribution and habitat
The Bewick's wren once had a range that extended throughout much of the United States and Mexico and parts of Canada. It used to be fairly common in the Midwest and in the Appalachian Mountains, but it is now extremely rare east of the Mississippi River. It is still found along the Pacific Coast from Baja California to British Columbia, in Mexico, and in a significant portion of the Southwest, including Texas, Arizona, New Mexico, and Oklahoma. Western populations do not tend to migrate. Eastern populations, prior to their decline, used to migrate from its northern range to the Gulf Coast.

The preferred habitat of the Bewick's wren is that of arid open woodlands and brush-filled areas such as hillsides and uplands, but will reside in humid areas locally (Subtropical and Temperate zones). They are more common than house wrens in drier habitats, such as those found in the Southwest. In California, Bewick's wrens inhabit a shrubland area called chaparral.

Feeding
Bewick's wrens are insect eaters. They glean insects and insect eggs from vegetation, including the trunks of trees. They typically do not feed on vegetation higher than 3 meters, but they will forage on the ground. Bewick's wrens are capable of hanging upside down in order to acquire food, such as catching an insect on the underside of a branch. When it catches an insect, it kills the insect prior to swallowing it whole. Bewick's wrens will repeatedly wipe their beaks on its perch after a meal.

Bewick's wrens will visit backyard feeders. They will eat suet, peanut hearts, hulled sunflower seeds, and mealworms. Like many insect-eating birds, the Bewick's wren widens its diet to include seeds in the winter.

Breeding
Courtship begins with the male singing from its perch. It will occasionally pause its song in order to chase its competitors. Bewick's wrens form monogamous pairs that will then forage together. The male wren begins building the nest in a cavity or birdhouse, with the female joining in later. The nest is constructed from twigs and other plant materials and is often lined with feathers. The nest is cup-shaped and located in a nook or cavity of some kind. It lays 5–7 eggs, which are white with brown spots. The Bewick's wren produces two broods in a season. Pairs are more or less monogamous when it comes to breeding, but go solitary throughout the winter.

Status and conservation
In 2016, the Bewick's wren was listed as least concern on the IUCN Red List of threatened species due to the size of its range and estimates of its population size. However, ornithologists have noted a severe decline in its eastern range and parts of its western range. In particular, it has virtually disappeared from east of the Mississippi. In 1984, the state of Maryland classified the Bewick's wren as endangered under its Maryland Endangered Species Act of 1971. Despite this classification, no breeding pairs of Bewick's wrens are known to remain in Maryland. In 2014, the North American Bird Conservation Initiative placed the eastern Bewick's wren on its watch list.

Several theories have been proposed to explain its decline in its eastern range, including pesticide use and competition from other bird species. The most likely reason seems to be competition from house wrens. House wrens compete with Bewick's wrens for similar nesting sites. House wrens will destroy both the nests and eggs of Bewick's wrens. The reforestation of once open land has also negatively impacted the eastern Bewick's wrens.

In California, habitat loss due to development has impacted the Bewick's wren. In San Diego, the development of canyons has led to the gradual decline of native bird species, including the Bewick's wren.

In Washington, development has actually benefited the Bewick's wren, leading to an increase in its population. However, this has coincided with the decline of the Pacific wren thanks to increased competition between the two species.

title: Bewick's wren


text:
Brutal Planet

Brutal Planet is the fourteenth solo studio album by American rock musician Alice Cooper, released in 2000. Musically, this finds Alice tackling a much darker and heavier approach than on previous albums, with many songs approaching a somewhat modern-sounding, industrial/metal sound. Lyrically, it deals with themes of dark "social fiction", including domestic violence ("Take It Like a Woman"), prejudice ("Blow Me a Kiss"), psychopathic behavior ("It's the Little Things"), war ("Pick Up the Bones"), depression, suicide ("Sanctuary"), Neo-Nazism and school shootings ("Wicked Young Man"). The album was followed by a sequel, titled Dragontown (2001).

Doug Van Pelt, editor of the alternative Christian music-oriented HM Magazine, found that the lyrics communicated biblical morals "in a very powerful way". Van Pelt stated further that the final argument is provided in the title track, which condemns the systems of judgment that the world uses. Moreover, "Blow Me a Kiss" urges the listener to think deeper about spiritual matters.

Personnel

 * Alice Cooper – vocals
 * Ryan Roxie – guitars
 * Phil X – guitars
 * China - guitars
 * Eric Singer – drums
 * Bob Marlette – rhythm guitar, bass, keyboards

 * Additional musicians
 * Sid Riggs – additional programming, sound design
 * Eva King – strings arrangement
 * Natalie Delaney – backing vocals (track 1)

 * Production
 * Produced by Bob Marlette
 * Executive producer – Bob Ezrin
 * Engineered, mixed and arranged by Bob Marlette
 * Additional engineering – Dave Reed, German Villacorta
 * Assistant engineers – German Villacorta, Jaime Sickora
 * Mastered by Dave Collins
 * Recorded at the Blue Room, Woodland Hills, CA and the A&M Studios, Los Angeles, CA
 * Mixed, Mastered at the A&M Studios, Los Angeles, CA

title: Brutal Planet


text:
User talk:Mumblingmynah

Tlön
Could you look in at Talk:Tl%C3%B6n%2C_Uqbar%2C_Orbis_Tertius? I don't understand the rationale for your recent edit, but I suspect you may have a point, and I don't want to just revert you; if you can explain it, please do, and we may be able to work out a better way to work it into that article. -- Jmabel | Talk 05:34, August 16, 2005 (UTC)

Dumpster diving edits
M, Generally I agree that you have improved the article. For which thanks. However, I have finally noticed that someone deleted and 'irelevant' account of a famous incident of dumpster diving which more or less illustrates the dangers to computer security and subsequent problems in diving for information. You will find the deleted material a few edits before your major recent work.

As you have now taken on some responsibility for the article, I would like to suggest the material be returned. I have no problem doing it myself, but wished to check with you first. Would you like to, should I, do you see a problem?

Thanks, ww 02:40, 19 September 2005 (UTC)

 * I took a look at the previously deleted section, and I agree that not all of it was irrelevant. I've edited it down and reorganized it. Feel free to take a whack at it, too, though, if you think I missed anything. See also my note on the talk page. --Mumblingmynah 05:08, 19 September 2005 (UTC)

 * M, I wrote that section and it was orginally the bulk of the article for it was created as an 'adjunct' to various computer security topics. Since later edits changed it so much (into a discussion of diving philosophy and such) I've been on the tines of a metaphorical fork. The term dumpster diving is, as originally noted, quite widely used in discussions of computer security, yet really doesn't belong in a general computer security article except as a link. You probably see why I thought it deserved to be retained. I still think more should be included here than you have restored (mostly of course feeding the computer security link), ... Comments? ww 01:44, 3 October 2005 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 12:59, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Mumblingmynah


text:
User talk:Rudykog

Welcome!
Hello, Rudykog, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thanks for your contributions; I hope you like it here and decide to stay. We're glad to have you in our community! Here are a few good links for newcomers:

 * If you haven't already, drop by the new user log and tell others a bit about yourself.
 * Always sign your posts on talk pages with  so others will know who left which comments.
 * The Five Pillars of Wikipedia
 * Our policies, guidelines, and simplified ruleset
 * How to edit a page and write a great article
 * The Wikipedia tutorial and picture tutorial
 * The handy Manual of Style
 * And finally, remember to be bold in updating pages!

I hope you enjoy editing and being a Wikipedian. Although we all make mistakes, please keep in mind what Wikipedia is not. If you have any questions or concerns, don't hesitate to see the help pages or add a question to the village pump. The Community Portal can also be very useful.

Happy editing!

-- Sango  123  02:37, July 16, 2005 (UTC)

P.S. Feel free to leave a message on my talk page if you need help with anything or simply wish to say hello. :)

Please review the GH avisualagency article once more
Thanks for taking the time to cast a vote for the GH avisualagency article. Major modifications have been made to the GH avisualagency article in hopes of conforming further to the wikipedia standards for inclusion. If after reviewing the new information please reflect your thoughts in your vote on the AFD page. Thanks a bunch for taking the time.Lerner 18:16, 17 December 2005 (UTC)

hi
i read your comment on the GH avisualagency AfD page and saw that you have extensive experience on here. i am trying to contribute to the GH article but everyone on the discussion page keeps giving me the wrong advice. most insisted that i have to prove notability, then they said that it was wrong to list articles about the collective. i don't know who to believe as they all keep leading me astray. if you could please offer me any advice on how to make the article better or make any adjustments yourself i would sincerely appreciate it. even if it does get deleted, at least i will have known that i tried my hardest to make it the best i could given the limited time frame. thanks so much.
 * for editing reference, these lead to some other wikipedia articles i feel are similar: art collective, artist collective, List of graphic designers

Inspectorpanther 17:02, 19 December 2005 (UTC)

E-mail
Hi Rudykog - thanks for your e-mail. The short answer is "yes". I've just replied via e-mail with a more complete answer. Johntex\talk 03:13, 12 January 2006 (UTC)

User Page Vandalism
Please don't edit my userpage, such as adding the "This page got randomly vandalised" userbox you added earlier today. Thanks, VegaDark 03:58, 12 January 2006 (UTC)
 * Ok, no problem. Wasn't sure if it was actual vandalism or if you were just having some fun, sorry about that. VegaDark 04:30, 12 January 2006 (UTC)

user pages
Hi Rudy, yes if you vandalise user pages it is just as bad and maybe worse in some user's minds. And no it would not be safe to vandalise user pages, that would get you blocked, and possibly banned depending on what type of vandalism you made. Such has racism, extreme personal attacks etc. For a better overview, you should have a look at Vandalism. Thanks for the email. Happy editing. Knowledge Of Self  |  talk  05:03, 12 January 2006 (UTC)

RfD Belizean Kriol language
Um, I thought that copying the page as you suggested was against the rules (would mess up the edit history). Thanks, Jorge Stolfi 05:15, 12 January 2006 (UTC)

 * You just said that? - Rudykog 05:22, 12 January 2006 (UTC)

The blank article was deleted by some Admin, and then I did the move, with "Move this page". All seems fine now. Thanks, Jorge Stolfi 03:44, 13 January 2006 (UTC)

World Wide Web War I
Blu Aardvark seems to have come to the rescue; if there is something else I'd advise contacting him. But of course if needed I am available. - RoyBoy 800 06:16, 12 January 2006 (UTC)

 * No problemo. - RoyBoy 800 06:17, 12 January 2006 (UTC)

Random vandalizing
Hi Rudykog. Im SWD316. I am contacting you because of your random vandalizing to user pages. Please don't edit, much less randomly vandalize, other peoples user pages by adding user boxes unless you have their permission first. Thanks. — M o e   ε  15:45, 12 January 2006 (UTC)

Dont vandalize
Don't vandalize my page again or i will report you to an admin. WoWjUnKiE7290 15:48, 12 January 2006 (UTC)

thanks
i'm learning the conventions, slowly. - Achristl 18:03, 12 January 2006 (UTC)

Lyrics
I answered the question at the Poetry and Lyrics page. It's ok to link to sites that have lyrics, just don't quote the lyrics in the article. --DanielCD 20:25, 12 January 2006 (UTC)

Thanks
Thank you for clarifying, i thought it was just someone showing animosity about the "WoW" in my username because of willy on wheels, but i do /spit on World of warcraft all the time, to the enemy, because usually they do it to me, and it is given and recieved usually as an insult, but no harm done, again thanks for the clarification. WoWjUnKiE7290 00:37, 13 January 2006 (UTC)

hey
 :-p  Tom e rtalk  06:05, 13 January 2006 (UTC)

Grappler Baki
I have moved Baki the Grappler to Grappler Baki. I did this because of the articles that reference it, most link to Grappler Baki. I only had to change 3 pages to fix the redirects this way, so I hope you agree with my reasoning. - Squilibob 10:32, 13 January 2006 (UTC)

User Vandalism
baki is cool

orphaned talk pages.
Thank you for your note. Talk pages that do not correspond to an existing page are candidates for speedy deletion. Tag them with the template {{db-talk}} and they will be nuked relatively quickly by an administrator. I have added this page to my watchlist (yes, it is possible to watch a non-existing page) so if I see this again I will create a {{deletedpage}} at the article title, protect it, redirect the talk page to the deletedpage, and protect the redirect also. This may be necessary if the spam is being posted by a bot, which is quite often the case. — Feb. 18, '06 [23:40]

Chadian-Sudanese conflict
A long time ago you voted against moving the page to Chadian-Sudanese War. You might want to reconsider your vote, based on new information documented in the latest Human Rights Watch report on the situation. Yesterday French troops were deployed in Borota, Chad to fight Sudanese militias and the Janjaweed, Sudanese military, and RDL rebels apparently worked together to "empty villages" in eastern Chad. I am urging other users to do the same. KI 00:29, 22 February 2006 (UTC)

Re: Dagger (comics)
Yeah, that's the one. Good catch. CovenantD 04:20, 7 May 2006 (UTC)

Comment on List of countries and outlying territories by total area EU inclusion
You are welcome to leave a comment on the following Request for Comment (RfC): Summary: There is a dispute about whether the European Union should be included in this list. Its area equals the sum of its member countries. We are discussing if it should be included in the list or not.
 * Talk:List of countries and outlying territories by area

Thank you, -- giandrea   16:26, 18 April 2007 (UTC)

Non-free use disputed for Image:Raimuirosenkitantitle.png
Thanks for uploading Image:Raimuirosenkitantitle.png. However, there is a concern that the rationale you have provided for using this image under "fair use" may be invalid. Please read carefully the instructions at Non-free content and then go to the image description page and clarify why you think the image qualifies. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If it is determined that the image does not qualify under fair use, it will be deleted within a couple of days according to our Criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.BetacommandBot 23:50, 5 June 2007 (UTC)

Non-free use disputed for Image:Raimuirosenkitanmaingirls.png
Thanks for uploading Image:Raimuirosenkitanmaingirls.png. However, there is a concern that the rationale you have provided for using this image under "fair use" may be invalid. Please read carefully the instructions at Non-free content and then go to the image description page and clarify why you think the image qualifies. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If it is determined that the image does not qualify under fair use, it will be deleted within a couple of days according to our Criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.BetacommandBot 23:50, 5 June 2007 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 13:06, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 13:32, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

DYK for Maspalomas Station
valereee (talk) 00:01, 16 July 2019 (UTC)

title: User talk:Rudykog


text: User talk:65.54.154.42

title: User talk:65.54.154.42


text:
Arlington Road

Arlington Road is a 1999 drama film directed by Mark Pellington and starring Jeff Bridges, Tim Robbins, Joan Cusack, and Hope Davis. The film tells the story of a widowed George Washington University professor who suspects his new neighbors are involved in terrorism and becomes obsessed with foiling their terrorist plot. The film was heavily inspired by the growing concern in the 1990s regarding the right-wing militia movement, Ruby Ridge, the Waco siege and Oklahoma City bombing.

Ehren Kruger wrote the script, which won the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences' (AMPAS) Nicholl Fellowship in 1996. The film was to have been originally released by PolyGram Filmed Entertainment, but the film's United States distribution rights were sold to Sony Pictures Entertainment for $6 million. The eventual release was the second title for Screen Gems (and its first wide theatrical release) while PolyGram (now part of Universal Studios) handled foreign rights.

Plot
Michael Faraday is a history professor at George Washington University, specializing in terrorism. His FBI agent wife Leah died in the line of duty in a Ruby Ridge-style standoff, and Michael now lives with his 9-year-old son Grant in Reston, Virginia. He is still friends with Leah's partner Whit Carver, and is dating his former graduate student Brooke.

Upon finding a severely injured boy named Brady stumbling in his neighborhood, Michael rushes him to the hospital, where the wounds are determined to be caused by fireworks. Michael meets Brady's parents, structural engineer Oliver Lang and housewife Cheryl, discovering they are his neighbors. They become friends, and their sons join the Discoverers, a Boy Scouts-style youth group.

While talking to Michael about Leah's death, Oliver launches into an anti-government tirade. This, and the cause of Brady's injuries, makes Michael suspicious. He also finds blueprints in Oliver's possession that are not for his purported building project and receives misdirected mail suggesting Oliver lied about his college years. Brooke and Whit dismiss his concerns as paranoia.

Michael takes his class on a field trip to the site where Leah was killed and excoriates the FBI for igniting the standoff by failing to assess whether the besieged Weaver family were armed. His students appear uneasy.

Michael reluctantly lets Grant go to a Discoverers camp with Brady. His research reveals that Oliver was born William Fenimore and tried to blow up a Kansas post office at age 16. Oliver discovers Michael's interest and confronts him, stating that his immature act (in revenge for the government's role in his father's suicide) cost him imprisonment and a new identity to hide his past from his children.

Michael appears to let the matter drop. However, Brooke later spots Oliver swapping cars and exchanging metal boxes with strangers. From a payphone, she leaves Michael a message lending validity to his suspicions, but Cheryl catches and murders her.

Michael learns of Brooke's death, presented as a car accident, on the news. After discovering that messages had been erased from his answering machine, Michael asks Whit to check FBI records about Oliver and recent calls to his home. He also visits the father of the late Dean Scobee, accused of blowing up a federal building 14 months earlier in St. Louis, from where the Langs had moved. The elder Scobee is certain Dean was innocent given the numerous infant victims. Michael sees Dean in a Discoverers group photo with Brady, and frantically rushes to retrieve Grant from the camp. Troop leaders tell him that Grant was taken home with Brady, and Michael storms into the Langs' home; Oliver confirms that his group killed Brooke, refuses to reveal Grant's whereabouts, and threatens Grant's life should Michael speak to law enforcement.

Whit tells Michael that the FBI discovered nothing suspicious surrounding Oliver/William, and that Michael's missing message came from a payphone. Michael drives to the source of Brooke's call, from where he follows a suspicious delivery vehicle and watches some of Oliver's acquaintances loading metal boxes into it.

Michael follows the van and is shocked to see Grant at the window. Oliver intercepts Michael's car and beats him, promising to kill Grant and expounding his group's mission and their current target: the J. Edgar Hoover Building. Michael overpowers Oliver and illegally drives into the FBI headquarters garage pursuing a van that turns out to be empty. When Whit tells him that he is the only unauthorized person there, Michael rushes back to his own car, discovering a bomb in the trunk seconds before it detonates. The blast partially collapses the FBI headquarters, as Oliver watches from a distance.

A news montage, portraying Michael as a lonewolf terrorist seeking revenge for Leah's death, shows that the Langs have successfully framed him. Statements from Michael's students (one of whom is a conspirator) support the official story, giving accounts of his paranoia and his grudge against the FBI. Grant, now orphaned, moves in with relatives, unaware of his father's innocence. Oliver and Cheryl put their house up for sale and prepare to move to another suburb where their group will groom another fall guy for their next attack.

Box office
Sony paid $6 million to acquire the film's United States distribution rights. It opened at #6 in its opening weekend with $7,515,145 behind American Pie, Wild Wild Wests second, Big Daddys third, and Tarzan and The General's Daughter's fourth weekends. The film eventually grossed $24,756,177 in the United States theatrically.

The film made a worldwide gross of $41 million on a budget of $31 million.

Critical response
The film holds a 63% rating on Rotten Tomatoes based on 92 reviews. with the site's consensus stating; "A suspenseful thriller led by strong cast performances built around a somewhat implausible story." Roger Ebert, who gave the film 2 out of 4 stars, wrote of the film:"Arlington Road is a thriller that contains ideas. Any movie with ideas is likely to attract audiences who have ideas of their own, but to think for a second about the logic of this plot is fatal."

Home media
The film was initially released on VHS and DVD October 26, 1999 by Columbia TriStar Home Video. A Blu-ray of the film was later released on August 7, 2007 by Sony Pictures Home Entertainment.

Television adaptation
In April 2021, it was announced a television series adaptation based on the film was in development at Paramount+. The project is to be a co-production between CBS Studios and Village Roadshow Television with Pellington and Seth Fisher serving as executive producers.

title: Arlington Road


text: User talk:84.95.88.49

title: User talk:84.95.88.49