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Television Critics Association

The Television Critics Association (TCA) is a group of approximately 200 United States and Canadian television critics, journalists and columnists who cover television programming for newspapers, magazines and web publications. The TCA accepts applications and selects members twice per year in March and September. Once selected, all members meet at The Langham Huntington hotel and spa in Pasadena, California in January for the winter press tour, and at the Beverly Hilton in Beverly Hills in July for the summer press tour. Winter press tour usually covers network midseason replacements, programs from streaming services and cable series which start in January, while the summer tour covers the new fall season for broadcast, streaming, and cable programming, along with serving as a part of the campaigning of shows, creatives and cast after the release of nominations for the Primetime Emmy Awards.

Press tours
The tour allows the major television networks, cable networks, online streaming services and PBS to present their slate of upcoming programs to a large group of press writers from different outlets all at once through panels and interviews, along with 'state of the network' speeches and presentations; for instance, FX executive John Landgraf uses his network's winter session to present data and analytical information from his network's research department, including the number of series carried across all American networks and streaming services in a year to compare with FX's slate of original programming, one of which originated the Peak TV name, concept, and era. This is also the only time the general television media has rare access en masse to network executives. These biannual conferences involve registered TCA members staying at a chosen Los Angeles venue for two to three weeks, and each network is assigned a series of days to showcase their programming.

In the past, these interviews with program casts and creative staff (usually the show's primary showrunner, producers, and writers) were mainly used to compile stories over a six-month period which could be posted over that period as columns, Q&A responses to reader mail questions timed to a program/film/special's release, or within their weekly television listings supplements, mainly in newspapers or magazines for critics and columnists outside of large metropolitan areas. However, with the rise of the Internet and social media, these sessions now function to build buzz for programming within an immediate period, and only a few columnists for smaller publications and listing supplements maintain the former format of story release.

The January 2008 tour was canceled in December 2007 because of the 2007–08 Writers Guild of America strike and the uncertainty of its settlement. At the start of May 2020, the organization cancelled their summer 2020 tour and delayed the TCA Awards to a time to be determined in the wake of the coronavirus pandemic making any large gathering over two weeks impossible, along with the uncertainty over the 2020–21 television season, including the conversion of network upfront presentations to videotelephony platforms and the ability to produce programming. The next four semi-annual tours were held in a virtual format until it resumed an in-person event for the summer of 2022.

The tour was canceled again in the summer of 2023 due to another WGA strike, this time also including a concurrent strike by SAG-AFTRA and removing access to actors, though that year's TCA Awards went forward with winners revealed via press release.

TCA Awards
The organization sponsors the TCA Awards, honoring television excellence in 11 categories, which are presented at the end of the summer press tour. The Awards began in 1985 at the Century Plaza Hotel in Los Angeles, California. The 2017 Awards were hosted by Kristin Chenoweth. The awards given in 2017 included; Program of the Year, Best New Program, Best Drama Series, Individual Achievement in Drama, Best Comedy Series, Individual Achievement in Comedy, Best Reality Programming, Best Youth Programming, & Best News and Information. In addition to these awards, each year the TCA grants the Heritage Award, given to a long-standing program that has culturally influenced society.

In 2018, the 34th TCA Awards were hosted by Robin Thede.

title: Television Critics Association


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Society for the Scientific Study of Sexuality

The Society for the Scientific Study of Sexuality (SSSS, or "quad-S") is a 501(c)(3) non-profit professional membership organization "dedicated to advancing knowledge of sexuality and communicating scientifically based sexuality research and scholarship to professionals, policy makers, and the general public." SSSS was originally incorporated in 1966 as The Society for the Scientific Study of Sex, but in 1996, the name was expanded to The Society for the Scientific Study of Sexuality to better reflect the wide range of members' research interests and because the term "sex" was often interpreted narrowly to refer only to "sexual behavior". The membership includes anthropologists, biologists, educators, historians, nurses, physicians, psychologists, sociologists, theologians, therapists, and others. SSSS produces the Journal of Sex Research, a scholarly journal currently published by Taylor & Francis.

History
Although the 21st Century boasts of a diversity of organizations focused on sexuality, such was not the case in the early 20th Century. As noted by Bullough, early 20th century sex research focused on social hygiene concerns, primarily the elimination of venereal diseases and prostitution. Post WWII, there was growth in interest in the field because of the research of Alfred Kinsey and researchers at the National Council of Family Relations. A need to support researchers across the United States fueled the initial development of SSSS and its journal. The individuals credited with forming SSSS were Hans Lehfeldt, Albert Ellis, Henry Guze, Robert Sherwin, Hugo Beigel, and Harry Benjamin. The supportive individuals grew to a list of Charter Members numbering 47.

The initial organizers developed a constitution stating that the Society's purpose was to (a) Unite in common organization those professionally engaged in various disciplines...who are similarly engaged in the conducting of sexual research or whose profession involves issues relating to sex; (b) To hold periodic scientific meetings for the presentation of research and to organize symposia, seminars, workshops, and conferences to consider all aspects of sexuality; (c) To publish a scientific journal...and a newsletter... and other separate publications; and d) To create a central source for those seeking research information in the field of sex science.

Statements
The mission statement for the organization is as follows:

"The Society for the Scientific Study of Sexuality is dedicated to advancing knowledge of sexuality and communicating scientifically based sexuality research and scholarship to professionals, policy makers, and the general public. SSSS fosters a worldwide community of diverse professionals committed to a scholarly and scientific approach to acquiring and disseminating accurate knowledge of sexuality. As a Society, we believe that freedom of inquiry is essential for the promotion of human welfare and the reduction of ignorance and prejudice about sexuality."

The ethics statement is the following:

"Recognizing the responsibilities of a professional organization to society, and in accordance with its own Mission Statement, The Society for the Scientific Study of Sexuality has adopted the following statement regarding professional ethics. This statement applies to all members, regardless of membership category, in their pursuit of professional activities. All members of the Society are expected to abide by the ethical guidelines or codes of ethics of their respective disciplines, professional organizations, places of work, or educational institutions. Further, the Society strives to support the dignity of every person."

The organization has published a statement on justice, equity, diversity and inclusion.

SSSS has also published a statement of support for transgender, gender non-conforming, and gender expansive youth, and defending their access to gender-affirming care.

Membership and growth
The membership of SSSS has grown over the decades from a core of members who met in the New York City area, to a current membership of hundreds drawn from 22 countries around the world.

Conference
SSSS hosts an annual research conference devoted to disseminating the most recent advances in sexual science. As a continuing education provider/sponsor, SSSS also offers continuing education credit hours for psychologists, social workers, and health education specialists. SSSS is particularly committed to supporting future generations of sex researchers. As such, it offers reduced membership and conference fees to students, and also provides mentorship and award/grant opportunities for students and early career professionals.

Awards
SSSS issues a number of awards annually to recognize and promote outstanding sexual scholarship and advocacy, including a Distinguished Scientific Achievement Award (prior winners include William and Virginia Masters and Harry Harlow), a Social Justice / Public Policy Award (prior winners include Betty Dodson, M. Joycelyn Elders, and David Satcher), and awards to recognize outstanding books and outstanding theoretical papers in the field of sexuality.

Journal
The Journal of Sex Research (JSR) is the official journal of The Society for the Scientific Study of Sexuality. JSR is a scholarly journal devoted to the publication of articles relevant to a variety of disciplines involved in the scientific study of sexuality. Designed to encourage research and promote an interdisciplinary understanding of the diverse topics in contemporary sexual science, JSR publishes empirical reports, brief reports, theoretical essays, review articles, methodological articles, commentaries, and letters to the editor. JSR actively seeks submissions from researchers around the world. There are nine issues of JSR published per year, which includes the Annual Review of Sex Research (ARSR). The ARSR is devoted to comprehensive reviews of current topics in sexual science.

Controversies
Over the decades, there have been controversies that sparked debate and dialogue, some of it acrimonious.

Despite SSSS being grounded in science, Alfred Kinsey, one of the pioneers of data collection on human sexual behavior, did not support the founding of the organization.

John Money, a SSSS member and prominent leader in the field with a specialty in understanding the development of gender identify, was challenged by Milton Diamond, who criticized Money for his theory that gender identification could be successfully changed if done early in childhood.

In August 2020, James Cantor left the SSSS, following conflicts with other members over transgender issues. According to an article in the National Post, this occurred after Cantor was temporarily banned for an alleged pattern of bullying behavior. In an essay written to the organization, Cantor defended J. K. Rowling and other critics of the transgender community. The group's president cited a history of "abusive comments" towards other members. Cantor also resigned from an editorial position for the Journal of Sex Research. The PinkNews article covering the events noted Cantor's support for LGB Alliance, often considered a transphobic or trans-exclusionary organization.

Recent activities
In recent years, the leadership of SSSS has devoted substantial attention to increasing diversity and equity in the organization. One initiative was the development of a Statement of Values and Expectations, that asserts, "Environments that are supportive, inclusive, and free from harassment, hostility, and ridicule are the most productive, and conducive to our mission of advancing sexual knowledge."

The organization has also created new committees focused on Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity, and Gender Expression (SOGIE), and on Justice, Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion (JEDI). Conference travel grants have been developed to support early career professionals from marginalized groups.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/55th Grey Cup

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was no consensus to delete -- Francs2000 | Talk 15:58, 7 August 2005 (UTC)

55th Grey Cup
This page is entirely useless and an appropriate entry could be handled better by Grey Cup. I hesitated at first because they red link EVERY match on Grey Cup. Individual games are definitely NN and not encyclopedic, in this context. Mmmbeer 21:50, 27 July 2005 (UTC)
 * delete for the reasons Mmmbeer gives. Thryduulf 01:20, 28 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge into an article about other grey cup matches, perhaps 1960-69 Grey Cup matches or 50th - 59th Grey Cup matches or something. I see nothing in this article that explains why this particular match is notable enough for an article of its own or how it can grow without the insertion of trivia. Truly notable matches where there is chance of more than two or three short paragraphs of encyclopaedic information can have break-out articles, but I don't see this match as one of them. Thryduulf 13:36, 3 August 2005 (UTC)
 * I was all fired up in disbelief for nominating a Grey Cup article until I read the "article" in question. The score is wrong (I suspect the contributor was thinking of the 54th Grey Cup) and that would have been the only encyclopedic part of the entry since the other sentence was POV. Delete [Vote changed below] but let the red links stand since articles on the Grey Cups will be very interesting and encyclopedic and we don't need all 92 Grey Cup games on the Grey Cup page. The long and colourful history of the Grey Cup will be a long enough article on its own. Double Blue  (Talk) 03:46, 28 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. NormanEinstein has done the work of creating a suitable stub in place of the previous "article". Double Blue  (Talk) 20:51, 2 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete- inaccurate article. However, individual Grey Cup games are generally notable; although admittedly not quite the same as individual Super Bowl games.  If someone writes up good articles for them, they should be kept. --Scimitar parley 13:29, 28 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. The article in its present form is pretty poor, but the 55th Grey Cup is a topic worthy of an article. If the article contains inaccurate information the information should be corrected or removed. This article should be tagged as a stub and given a chance to grow. --NormanEinstein 16:20, August 2, 2005 (UTC)
 * I've formatted and wikified the article in addition to correcting its factual errors. I think this should sate those that wanted it deleted because of inaccuracies. --NormanEinstein 20:52, August 2, 2005 (UTC)
 * Very strong keep. --OntarioQuizzer 05:17, 3 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. If Super Bowls deserve own pages, so do Grey Cups. --Woohookitty 02:56, 7 August 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


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Wikipedia:Featured picture candidates/Gray wolf

Gray wolf

Wonderful image of a gray wolf. Illustrates the wolf article. Taken by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.

Coffee 05:50, 10 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Nominate and support. - Sango  123  00:31, July 25, 2005 (UTC)
 * It's a nice picture but it would have been better had the rest of the wolf been in view. Enochlau 11:22, 25 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Oppose. Enochlau 12:22, 29 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Oppose only because I have seen nicer wolf pics out there. It does look great though...no quibbles about the photography --ScottyBoy900Q ∞  20:21, 27 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Support-- I have seen nicer wolf pictures, but this one ain ' t that bad. TomStar81 20:50, 27 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Sadly oppose. The out-of-focus rock in the left foreground is unfortunately too prominent. —Cryptic (talk) 23:23, 27 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Oppose - ruined by the rock on the left as Cryptic says - Adrian Pingstone 21:48, 28 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Support - Not a bad picture. -- ZeWrestler  Talk 19:53, 30 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Oppose -- I'm annoyed by the rock at left as well sorry. - Longhair | Talk 21:29, 31 July 2005 (UTC)
 * ( + ) Support Sensational image, rock or no rock this would have been hard to get and it looks stunning. --Fir0002 09:25, August 3, 2005 (UTC)


text: User:Gpyoung/Box

title: User:Gpyoung/Box


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AmTran

American Transportation Corporation (better known as AmTran) was an American manufacturer of school bus bodies. Tracing its roots to Ward Body Works (established in 1933), AmTran was formed in 1980 following the 1979 bankruptcy of Ward to continue bus production. In 1991, the company became a subsidiary of Navistar International, leading to a series of acquisitions of school bus body manufacturers by chassis suppliers during the 1990s.

As with its predecessor company, AmTran corporate headquarters and manufacturing facilities were located in Conway, Arkansas. In 1999, the company opened an assembly facility in Tulsa, Oklahoma.

In 2000, Navistar rebranded AmTran as part of International Truck and Bus, with vehicles taking on International branding. During 2002, the branding changed again, as the name was changed to IC Corporation (IC Bus since 2008).

History
During the late 1970s, the school bus manufacturing industry was in relative turmoil. From the early 1950s, the segment was dependent on student population growth related to the baby-boom generation. By the beginning of the 1980s, the last of the generation had completed their secondary education, leading to a decrease in student population growth across the United States.

At the time, Ward Body Works was among "the Big Six" full-line school bus manufacturers (alongside Blue Bird, Carpenter, Superior, Thomas, and Wayne). The declining economy of the late 1970s also cut into the profitability of all school bus manufacturers. Of the "Big Six", Superior and Ward were the hardest hit. Following the 1975 closure of its secondary manufacturing facility in Pennsylvania, Ward amassed over $20 million in debt by 1979.

1980s: Reorganization
In July 1980, Ward Industries filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy. In the filing, the family-owned company declared $21.5 million in liabilities. As Ward Industries was a significant manufacturer in the central Arkansas region, the Wards sought for a way to keep the doors of the company open.

With company president Charles Ward selling off his stake in the company, Ward Industries was acquired by an investment group (assisted by then-Arkansas Governor Bill Clinton) named MBH, Inc. MBH was an acronym for the first letters of the last names of each of the 4 investors: Thomas E "Mack" McLarty, J.W. "Buddy" Benafield and two Kansas City brothers, Richard L. "Dick" Harmon and Robert Harmon. McLarty and Benafield each held one-third ownership; the Harmon brothers together held the remaining one-third ownership. MBH reopened Ward Industries as American Transportation Corporation (AmTran). As Ward Industries continued to hold significant market share in the school bus segment, AmTran chose to retain the Ward brand name for school buses although non-school bus products adopted the AmTran brand in 1981.

Following the acquisition, the Ward family held no stake in AmTran; however, Steve Ward remained in the new company for vehicle distribution and marketing, having the exclusive rights to sell Ward/AmTran products in Arkansas, based in a dealership from Conway.

During the 1980s, AmTran would make several product introductions that would advance school bus design in several market segments. Although among the last large bus manufacturers to introduce a Type A school bus, AmTran was the first manufacturer to introduce a higher-capacity version, with five rows of seating instead of four seen at the time. For 1986, AmTran introduced the first large semi-forward control conventional with the introduction of the Ward/AmTran Patriot. Using a shortened version of the Chevrolet/GMC B-Series, the Patriot allowed for a shorter wheelbase and nose angle for improved forward visibility. Although not a success overall, the Patriot would go on to become a major influence on the later Thomas Vista.

In 1987, the structure of the Ward/AmTran body underwent an exterior update, distinguished by a rubrail mounted below the window line. Much of the body structure remains in use in current-production IC Bus CE and RE-series product lines.

1990s: Acquisition and merger
In 1991, Navistar International acquired one-third of the stock of American Transportation Corporation; the purchase was initiated by Jerry Williams, the CEO of AmTran at the time. As part of the purchase, Navistar acquired an option to buy the rest of AmTran, which was completed in April 1995. The AmTran purchase marked the first purchase of a school bus body manufacturer by a chassis manufacturer or supplier, as several more were acquired during the late 1990s.

Although AmTran had legally existed since 1981 and its non-school bus vehicles were branded as such, the company began to phase out the Ward brand following the Navistar purchase. During 1992, the Ward Senator front-engine bus was updated, becoming the AmTran Genesis (with a Genesis by AmTran roof emblem). At the end of 1992, the AmTran brand was phased in on other Ward school buses. Navistar ownership also affected availability of school bus chassis; after 1991, the Volunteer body was produced nearly exclusively on the International 3800 chassis (Ford chassis remained a rarely ordered option through its 1998 discontinuation).

For 1996 production, AmTran introduced its first all-new full-size bus, the AmTran RE. The first rear-engine bus produced by AmTran or Ward in over 20 years, the RE broke from industry precedent in not sharing a common body design with the front-engine Genesis. To focus on full-size buses exclusively, AmTran ended production of the Vanguard cutaway-chassis bus after 1996.

For 1997, AmTran released the AmTran CS, the most extensive update to the Volunteer conventional since 1973. The drivers' compartment was redesigned with updated controls and the flat windshield was replaced by a 4-piece design to improve forward visibility. Following the discontinuation of the Ford B700/B800 after 1998, the International 3800 became the sole chassis for the AmTran CS (as the Freightliner FS-65 chassis was produced by the parent company of competitor Thomas Built Buses). school bus

2000–2002: Rebranding to IC Corporation
In 1999, AmTran announced plans to build a second manufacturing facility in Tulsa, Oklahoma. Dedicated to production of conventional-chassis school buses, the Tulsa factory was planned to employ nearly 1200 people as the factory opened in 2000. Though still headquartered in Conway, the factory was now rededicated towards the lower-volume AmTran FE and RE-series product lines.

Following the introduction of Tulsa-produced buses, the AmTran CS was re-named as the International IC. Branded as a fully integrated conventional (pairing an International-sourced chassis, powertrain, and body), the IC underwent several design updates. Compared to its AmTran CS predecessor, the IC saw a slightly redesigned windshield and another redesign of the drivers' compartment. While sharing the International 3800 chassis with other body manufacturers, the IC body was further distinguished by a model-exclusive hood (receiving a vertical-slatted grille).

During 2001, Navistar legally changed the name of its bus manufacturing subsidiary to "International Truck and Bus", effectively ending the existence of AmTran; into 2002 production, "American Transportation Corporation" lettering remained on vehicles. The AmTran FE and AmTran RE adopted the identification of the International IC, replacing AmTran roof badging with "International" badging (with or without the International diamond emblem).

For 2003, Navistar renamed its bus manufacturing subsidiary a second time in two years. To better separate bus manufacturing from its truck manufacturing division, the company renamed International Truck and Bus as Integrated Coach Corporation (IC Corporation, IC Bus since 2008).

Facilities
AmTran buses were produced in the former Ward factory in Conway, Arkansas. In 1999, the company expanded production capacity as it opened a second facility in Tulsa, Oklahoma. Coinciding with the 2000 introduction of the IC-series, the Tulsa facility became home to all conventional-style bus bodies. The Conway factory remained in production, manufacturing the FE and RE-Series transit-style bus bodies.

After AmTran became IC Corporation (later IC Bus), the Conway facility ended full-scale bus production in January 2010 (following the discontinuation of the FE-Series); originally repurposed for parts fabrication and production, the factory was sold off by Navistar in 2014.

title: AmTran


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User:CryptoDerk/status

 Retired. Feel free to contact me at derk@badbeatscrew.com

title: User:CryptoDerk/status


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Gaston, Marquis de Galliffet

Gaston Alexandre Auguste, Marquis de Galliffet, Prince de Martigues (Paris, 23 January 1830 – 8 July 1909), was a French general, best known for having taken part in the repression of the 1871 Paris Commune. He was Minister of War in Waldeck-Rousseau's cabinet at the turn of the century, which caused a controversy in the socialist movement, since independent socialist Alexandre Millerand also took part in the same government, and was thus side by side with the Fusilleur de la Commune (the "Commune's executioner").

Military interventions and Minister of War
Gaston Galliffet entered the army in 1848 and was commissioned as a sub-lieutenant in 1853. He served with distinction at the Siege of Sevastopol in 1855, in the Austro-Sardinian War of 1859, and in Algeria in 1860, after which for a time he served on the personal staff of the emperor, Napoleon III.

During Napoleon III's intervention in Mexico, Galliffet displayed great gallantry in 1863 as a captain at the siege and storming of Puebla, when he was severely wounded. When he returned to France to recover from his wounds, he was entrusted with the task of presenting the captured standards and colours to the emperor, and was promoted chef d'escadron. He returned to Algeria in 1864, took part in expeditions against the Arabs, returned to Mexico as a lieutenant-colonel and, after winning further distinction, became in 1867 colonel of the 3rd Chasseurs d'Afrique.

In the Franco-Prussian War of 1870–71, he commanded this regiment in the Army of the Rhine, until promoted to General de Brigade on 30 August. At the Battle of Sedan, which marked the defeat of Napoleon III and the subsequent collapse of the Second Empire, he led the brigade of Chasseurs d'Afrique in the heroic charge of General Margueritte's cavalry division, which earned him the admiration of the old king of Prussia. Made prisoner of war at the capitulation, he returned to France during the siege of Paris by the French Army of Versailles, and commanded a brigade during the repression of the 1871 Paris Commune. He was henceforth one of the most criticised figures in French public life, along with Adolphe Thiers who had directed the assault. Gallifet established a processing center at the Porte de la Muette, on the edge of the Bois de Boulogne, where he would hold reviews of the Communard prisoners due to be marched to Versailles. From these groups he would select prisoners for immediate execution based on his own criteria. To Gallifet, a man wearing a watch was assumed to have been a Commune 'official', a man with grey hair was assumed to have participated in the uprisings of 1848. Others were selected merely for their "outstanding ugliness or coarseness of feature". To the desperate entreaties of one woman, who threw herself on her knees begging for mercy, he replied 'Madame, I have frequented every theatre in Paris; your acting will have no effect on me.'

In the suppression of the Paris Commune, he did his duty, as he saw it, rigorously and inflexibly, and earned a reputation for severity, which, throughout his later career, made him the object of unceasing attacks in the press and the chamber of deputies. In 1872, he took command of the Batna subdivision of Algeria, and commanded an expedition against El Golea, surmounting great difficulties in a rapid march across the desert, and inflicting severe defeats on the revolting tribes.

On the general reorganisation of the army, he commanded the 31st infantry brigade. Promoted General de Division in 1875, he successively commanded the 15th infantry division at Dijon, the IX army corps at Tours, and in 1882 the XII army corps at Limoges. In 1885, he became a member of the Conseil Supérieur de la Guerre. He conducted the cavalry manoeuvres in successive years, and attained a Europe-wide reputation on all cavalry questions and, indeed, as an army commander.

Decorated Grand Officer of the Légion d'Honneur in 1880 by Léon Gambetta, he was appointed governor of Paris. In 1887, he was also decorated with the Grand Cross of the Légion d'Honneur. He then received the Military Medal for his able conduct of the autumn manoeuvres in 1891. After again commanding at the manoeuvres of 1894, he retired from the active list.

Later, he took an important part in French politics, as war minister (22 June 1899 to 29 May 1900) in Waldeck-Rousseau's cabinet, and distinguished himself by the firmness with which he dealt with cases of unrest in the army in the midst of the Dreyfus Affair. Galliffet then retired into private life, and died on 8 July 1909, aged 79.

title: Gaston, Marquis de Galliffet


text:
Talk:Ring (Suzuki novel)

another novel with same name
I recently became aware that there's also another novel named Ring, linked in the Ring disambiguation page as "Ring (novel)" (I, somewhat accidentally, capitalised the "N" in this article's title), however, no article has been written for it. How should I differentiate between the two? (Darien Shields 00:35, 25 July 2005 (UTC))

I would reccomend making an article called "Ring ({Author's name} novel), the way the page for this is "Ring (Suzuki novel)".

Where did this story come from

Fair use rationale for Image:TheRingnovel.jpg
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Image copyright problem with File:Ring cover01.jpeg
The image File:Ring cover01.jpeg is used in this article under a claim of fair use, but it does not have an adequate explanation for why it meets the requirements for such images when used here. In particular, for each page the image is used on, it must have an explanation linking to that page which explains why it needs to be used on that page. Please check

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 * The rationale fits perfectly with this article, why mention the problem here? 76.66.193.90 (talk) 12:45, 9 March 2009 (UTC)

External links modified
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title: Talk:Ring (Suzuki novel)


text:
Foxtrot Uniform Charlie Kilo

"Foxtrot Uniform Charlie Kilo" is a song by American alternative rock band Bloodhound Gang. It was released as the lead single from their fourth studio album, Hefty Fine (2005), on August 1, 2005. The song was written by band members Jimmy Pop and Jared Hasselhoff. The title "Foxtrot Uniform Charlie Kilo" spells out fuck in the NATO phonetic alphabet. The song's lyrics consist of various sexual euphemisms.

Music video
The music video for "Foxtrot Uniform Charlie Kilo" was directed by Marc Klasfeld. It shows Bam Margera, a friend of the band, driving down a Pennsylvania highway in the "Banana Car" (which was seen on the MTV Cribs episode in which the band appeared). While he is driving, he sees some girls performing sexually suggestive activities in wet bikinis, poking fun at Benny Benassi's controversial "Satisfaction" video, while the band performs in a tunnel. The girls are wearing hard hats with the Pennsylvania National Guard insignia.

When Margera drives the banana-mobile up to the tunnel (whose entrance is topped by a wild grapevine growing in the shape of trimmed female pubic hair), he proceeds to gaze, enthralled at it, then drives through it. The tunnel used in the video is the abandoned Rays Hill Tunnel on a 12-mile stretch of abandoned Pennsylvania Turnpike east of Breezewood. The video ends with Margera giving a banana to a man in a Speedo who consumes it in a manner that mimics fellatio. The video also features Mark the Bagger at the very beginning saying "Fish don't fry in the kitchen".

title: Foxtrot Uniform Charlie Kilo


text:
Lobamba

Lobamba is a city in Eswatini, and is one of the two capitals (along with Mbabane), serving as the legislative, traditional, spiritual, seat of government of the Parliament of Eswatini, and Ludzidzini Royal Village, the residence of Queen Ntfombi, the Queen Mother.

Mswati III lives about 10 km away at the Lozitha Palace. The King and Queen Mother participate in annual December and January Incwala ceremonies and August and September Reed Dances at Ludzidzini Royal Village, also known as the Royal Kraal.

Key attractions are the Parliament, National Museum of Eswatini, Mlilwane Wildlife Sanctuary, and the King Sobhuza II Memorial Park. The Embo State Palace, not open to visitors, was built by the British government for the polygamous King Sobhuza II, whose family included 600 children. He led the movement for Eswatini's independence from the United Kingdom and was its first prime minister.

Overview
It is located in the western part of the country in the woodland "Valley of Heaven", or Ezulwini Valley. It is 16 km from Mbabane, in the district of Hhohho and has a subtropical climate with wet summers and dry winters. In 1997 its population was 3,625. Its population in 2006 was 11,000. Across the country, 84.3% of its people are Swazi and 9.9% are Zulu. The remainder are Tsonga (2.5%), Indian (1.6%) and others (1.7%). Its official languages are Swazi and English.

History
Two areas have been called Lobamba, the first now called "Old Lobamba" was established in 1750 in southern Eswatini. The subject of this article is a settlement that was created by Sobhuza II in the northwest section of the country.

In 1903, following the Boer Wars, the British government took control of Eswatini and it was then ruled by a regent. In 1921 King Sobhuza II became leader of Eswatini, which was still under the British government's control. Eswatini became independent of the British government on September 6, 1968, which was announced at a cattle byre in Lobamba by Prince Makhosini. He was the country's first prime minister and the great-grandson of Sobhuza I. With its independence, Eswatini was a member in its own right of the Organization of African Unity (OAU), British Commonwealth, and the United Nations. It was made a constitutional monarchy under Sobhuza II, who lived in the royal residence, or kraal, in Lobamba.

Government
Lobamba is the legislative seat of the Eswatini government.

Parliament of Eswatini
It was made a branch of the Commonwealth Parliamentary Association on January 1, 1965, and its date of independence was January 1, 1968. The constitution was signed by King Mswati III on July 26, 2005. The king appoints the prime minister and the council. There are two chambers: the Senate and the House of Assembly. The parliament building is sometimes open to visitors.

Embo State Palace
The royal Embo State Palace was built by the British to house the polygamous Sobhuza II and his family, including 600 children. It is not open to visitors and photographs are not allowed.

Royal residences
King Mswati III lives at the Lozitha Palace, about 10 km from the city. He visits the Royal Kraal, or Ludzidzini Royal Residence, during the Umhlanga dance and Incwala ceremonies. The royal village includes the queen mother's Royal Kraal, dwelling clusters, and a parade ground for ceremonies.

Law enforcement
Lobamba has a police station and is served by The Royal Eswatini Police Service. During the British colonial era Lord Selborne, High Commissioner for South Africa signed a proclamation in 1907 for what became the Eswatini Police Force. After Eswatini's independence in 1968, the force was renamed the Royal Eswatini Police Force. Its name was further changed making it a service, rather than a force.

Education
Education is free, but is not required. It had low literacy rates, but they are rising. Lobamba National High School is in Lobamba.

Health and welfare
The government provides health facilities to manage endemic disease and malnutrition. Retirement, disability and survivor pensions are available through its welfare system.

Transportation
Many of the roads in Eswatini are unsurfaced, but there are good roads that connect principal towns, including the MR3 highway and MR103 road. There are small local airstrips and a railroad that operates between Eswatini and Mozambique. The Matsapha Airport is 23 km from Lobamba. The next closest domestic and international airport is Maputo International Airport in Mozambique, which is 216 km away.

One of the tour operators in Eswatini is Swazi Trails, which has tours of the Lobamba royal village, nature reserves, game parks, and craft centres. Nabo Bashoa runs minibus tours.

Culture and attractions
African Life. Some of the Sons of the Late Chief Bokweni Mamba. National Dancing at Lobamba (1951)

National Museum of Eswatini
The National Museum of Eswatini, located in Lobamba next to the Parliament building, was built in 1972 and expanded in 1986 and 1990. The museum was made a non-profit institution in 1974 by the International Council of Museums.

The museum houses a memorial to the revered King Sobhuza II and Swazi and South African artifacts. It has a collection of photographs that include subjects of the Mbabane and Manzini Regions and British colonial administrators. A 16th-century head of Krishna, discovered nearby, is located in the natural history wing and provides evidence of trade with the east. The natural history wing includes highveld and lowveld dioramas to illustrate the diverse Eswatini ecosystems and feature rarely seen nocturnal animals. Its nature-centric exhibits integrate environmental and cultural impacts.

A recreation of a Swazi homestead is located outside the museum.

Somhlolo stadium
Also located near the Parliament building is the Somhlolo stadium for football and other major events.

Mlilwane Wildlife Sanctuary
Just outside Lobamba is the Mlilwane Wildlife Sanctuary that has horseback and hiking trails, guided mountain-bike tours, rustic trail camps and camping in caves. Throughout the park are opportunities to observe game, including antelope, giraffe, zebras, and many types of birds.

King Sobhuza II Memorial Park
A memorial park was established in the memory of King Sobhuza II, who was the leader of the country's independence in 1968. The king's life is told through an exhibit of photographs. Three of the king's vintage cars are in the museum and his mausoleum is within the park.

Malkern Valley
Malkerns Valley is an arts and crafts center located 7 km south of Lobamba.

Ceremonies
Lobamba is famous for two ceremonies that are held there: the Reed Dance, celebrated in August and September in honour of the Queen Mother, and the Incwala, in December and January in honour of the King. These ceremonies include dancing, singing, and celebrations with traditional attire.

title: Lobamba


text:
USS Sloat (DD-316)

The first USS Sloat (DD-316) was a Clemson-class destroyer in the United States Navy following World War I. She was named for John Drake Sloat.

History
Sloat was laid down on 18 January 1919 by the Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corporation, San Francisco, California; launched on 14 May 1919; sponsored by Mrs. Edwin A. Sherman; and commissioned on 30 December 1920.

Sloat arrived at San Diego, California for shakedown on 24 January 1921 and then was placed in reserve until October. She conducted gunnery exercises during the winter and carried out torpedo trials in April and May 1922. On 27 June, she sailed with the fleet for Puget Sound and operated in that area until returning to San Diego on 19 September. On 6 February 1923, she departed San Diego with the fleet, and conducted exercises off Panama until returning on 11 April. She spent most of the remainder of the year, and much of the next, undergoing repairs at Mare Island before returning to San Diego on 22 December 1924.

On 3 April 1925, Sloat sailed from San Diego with the fleet for exercises off Hawaii. On 1 July, the Battle Fleet sailed from Hawaii for a goodwill cruise to the Southwest Pacific, and Sloat called at Melbourne, Australia; Lyttelton and Wellington, New Zealand; and American Samoa before returning to San Diego on 19 September.

The destroyer departed San Diego on 1 February 1926 and participated in fleet exercises off Panama from 15 February to 8 March, and then underwent overhaul at Mare Island from 22 March to 4 May. After a summer of reserve training cruises, she again underwent repairs at Mare Island from 30 December 1926 to 3 February 1927.

Sloat sailed with the Battle Fleet for fleet exercises on 17 February 1927 and transited the Panama Canal on 5 March. The exercises in the Caribbean lasted until 22 April, and the fleet then visited New York and carried out a joint Army and Navy exercise in Narragansett Bay before arriving in Hampton Roads on 29 May for a Presidential review. After getting underway for Panama on 4 June, Sloat received repairs from a tender in Gatun Lake, Canal Zone, and then was ordered to relieve USS Mervine (DD-322) on patrol off the Nicaraguan coast.

Her mission was to protect lives and property of United States citizens and of other foreign nationals in Nicaragua and to help preserve order. She served two tours off Nicaragua under the Special Service Squadron: from 25 June to 6 July and from 22 July to 8 August 1927. Transiting the canal on 10 August, she returned to San Diego on 23 August and underwent overhaul at Mare Island from 19 February to 31 March 1928.

Sloat departed San Diego on 9 April 1928 and arrived at Pearl Harbor with the fleet on the 28th, having participated in Fleet Problem VIII en route. She returned to San Diego on 23 June and reached Puget Sound on 9 July for summer exercises. Returning to San Diego on 1 September, she took part in exercises off the Canal Zone from 27 January to 6 February 1929 and then underwent overhaul at Mare Island from 3 March to 13 April. She conducted training off San Diego during the summer; and, after a one-week trip to San Francisco, returned to San Diego on 28 August 1929.

Sloat was replaced by the recommissioned USS Upshur (DD-144) and decommissioned on 2 June 1930, struck from the Navy list on 28 January 1935, and sunk at sea as a target off San Diego on 26 June 1935.

title: USS Sloat (DD-316)


text:
George Chisholm (geographer)

George Goudie Chisholm FRSE FRSGS LLD (1 May 1850 – 9 February 1930) was a Scottish geographer. He authored the first English-language textbook on economic geography: Handbook on Commercial Geography (1889) and the World Gazetteer, later to become known as ''The Times Gazetteer. ''

Life
Chisolm was born in Edinburgh on 1 May 1850, the son of an actuary. He was educated at the Royal High School in Edinburgh, and then the University of Edinburgh, graduating in 1870.

He lectured on Geography in London from 1883 to 1908 and then returned to the University of Edinburgh where he lectured until 1923.

He served as Secretary to the Scottish Geographical Society for 15 years.

In 1923 he received an honorary doctorate (LLD) from the University, and elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh in 1924.

He authored the first English-language textbook on economic geography: Handbook on Commercial Geography (1889). It was later revised by Kenneth Stamp. (ISBN 0-582-30015-0). He authored a review of Friedrich Naumann's Pan-German work on Central Europe which appeared in The Scottish Geographical Magazine issue 33, which condemned the aggressively militaristic overtones of Naumann's nationalistic work. His World Gazetteer of 1895, a huge project, later became commonly known as The Times Gazetteer.

On Sunday 9 February 1930 he died quietly on a tram in Edinburgh. He was 79.

Publications

 * The Two Hemispheres: A Popular Account of Peoples and Countries of the World (1882)
 * A Pronouncing Vocabulary of Modern Geographical Names (1885)
 * Handbook of Commercial Geography (1889)+ (1908)
 * Longman's School Geography for South Africa (1891)
 * Gazetteer of the World (1895) published by Longman
 * Europe (2 vols) (1899)
 * Junior School Geography
 * Longman's School Geography for India and Ceylon
 * The World As It Is: A Popular Account of Peoples and Countries of the Earth
 * A Smaller Commercial Geography
 * Longman's School Geography for Australasia

Family
He married Florence Jones in 1884.

Recognition
In 1917, he was awarded the Charles P. Daly Medal of the American Geographical Society.

title: George Chisholm (geographer)


text:
User talk:ChuckyDarko

Please help save Repo Man movie article
Yo Chucky Darko,

This guy, Dædαlus, is in there trying to remove parts that you, I and many others contributed to the Repo Man article. Please add to the bottom of this thread on the Repo Man talk page that you think the "Notable Motifs" section should not be blanked (erased), but left as is since the Pulp Fiction article also has a "Notable Motifs" section that isn't being considered for removal at all (even by Dædαlus himself).

While I agree that the "Notable Motifs" section could use some work, it certainly won't help the article to delete the whole thing and erase all our work which consists of many multiple contributers over a course of years. I'm willing to work on it and better incorporate it into the article, he just wants to delete it all!

With consensus, we can stop this guy from deleting all our work soon!

Thanks in advance. Cowicide (talk) 02:20, 1 May 2008 (UTC)

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ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 13:05, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

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title: User talk:ChuckyDarko


text:
Edgar Pangborn

Edgar Pangborn (February 25, 1909 – February 1, 1976) was an American writer of mystery, historical, and science fiction.

Biography
Edgar Pangborn was born in New York City on February 25, 1909, to Harry Levi Pangborn, an attorney and dictionary editor, and Georgia Wood Pangborn, a noted writer of supernatural fiction. Along with his older sister Mary, Edgar was homeschooled until 1919 and then educated at Brooklyn Friends School. He began music studies at Harvard University in 1924, when he was still only 15 years old, and left in 1926 without graduating. After that he studied at the New England Conservatory of Music, but did not graduate from that school, either. On leaving he publicly abandoned music, shifting his creative focus to writing. His first novel, a mystery called A-100: A Mystery Story, was published under the pseudonym "Bruce Harrison" in 1930.

Over the next 20 years he wrote numerous stories for the pulp detective and mystery magazines. He also spent three years (1939–1942) farming in rural Maine, and three years (1942–1945) doing his World War II military service in the Pacific with the U.S. Army Medical Corps.

It was not until the early 1950s that Edgar "suddenly appeared" within the science fiction and mystery fields, publishing a string of high-quality, high-profile stories under his own name in prominent magazines like Galaxy Science Fiction, The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction, and Ellery Queen's Mystery Magazine. His work helped to firmly establish a new "humanist" school of science fiction, and inspired a subsequent generation of writers, including Peter S. Beagle and Ursula K. Le Guin, who has credited Pangborn and Theodore Sturgeon with convincing her that it was possible to write worthwhile, humanly emotional stories within science fiction and fantasy.

In the 1960s Pangborn also began painting semi-professionally in oils, and exhibited portraits, nudes, and landscape paintings at local and regional art shows.

He continued to write until his death in Bearsville, New York on February 1, 1976, twenty-four days away from his 67th birthday.

In 2003, he was named winner of that year's Cordwainer Smith Rediscovery Award. In 2018, he was named a "Ghost of Honor" at WorldCon 76 (San Jose, CA).

Writing
Pangborn came from a writing family. His mother, Georgia Wood Pangborn, was a noted writer of ghost stories that appeared regularly in such popular mainstream periodicals as Scribner's Magazine, Harper's Monthly, Woman's Home Companion, and others. His father, Harry Levi Pangborn, worked as an editor of Webster's Dictionary. Words and literature were a part of the Pangborn household from the very beginning. As children, Edgar and his sister Mary carried on the tradition by writing an extensive series of fanciful, handwritten storybooks, often collaborating on these with each other and also their mother.

For the first 20 years of his writing career, which started when he was 21, Pangborn wrote what he referred to as "literary hackwork" for the pulp magazines. His serious work began in 1951, with the publication of his first science fiction story, "Angel's Egg", in Galaxy Science Fiction. The story of a race of tiny winged beings who come to Earth to help mankind, as told by a kindly biologist, it has been translated into six languages and reprinted more than twenty times. By 1954, Pangborn was well known and his second science fiction novel, A Mirror for Observers won the International Fantasy Award. This book is told from the point of view of a "Salvayan" (Martian) observer on Earth, who struggles with another Martian over the fate of a gifted young man. Galaxy reviewer Groff Conklin described Mirror as a "beautiful and moving book ... told in little details which make the tragedy all the more impressive."

From there Pangborn continued writing in science fiction and in other genres as well, including the historical novel Wilderness of Spring and the contemporary courtroom drama The Trial of Callista Blake. In 1954 Pangborn wrote '"The Music Master of Babylon", a story set in the ruins of post-apocalypse New York and clearly related to Stephen Vincent Benét's 1937 "By the Waters of Babylon", already considered a classic.

Pangborn's best-known book, the Hugo-nominated Davy of 1964, is set in a much later part-time of that post-apocalyptic future. It is a picaresque bildungsroman set in a repressive theocratic society which developed out of the ruins of the destroyed old world. This post-apocalyptic world eventually became the backdrop for most of Pangborn's short fiction and his last novel, The Company of Glory (though not the Hugo-nominated "Longtooth", nor the 1971 Nebula finalist "Mount Charity").

Because of his educational background and early interests, Pangborn's works often deal with musical themes. Music plays a prominent role both in Davy and A Mirror For Observers, and the protagonist of "The Music Master of Babylon" is a pianist living alone in a ruined New York. Pangborn's works are also known for being humane and poignant in a way that nevertheless allows for some dark themes and raunchy humor.

In his introduction to Pangborn's posthumous story collection Still I Persist In Wondering, Spider Robinson observed: "[Pangborn] said again and again in his books that love is not a condition or an event or even a state of mind—that love is a country, which we are sometimes privileged to visit."

Music
Pangborn never discussed his early musical training in detail with anyone in the science fiction, fantasy, or mystery fields. It was known that he studied the piano and violin, but that was all. In 2003, however, a large stack of handwritten music manuscripts were discovered in the attic of the Bearsville house in which he died. These manuscripts included original string quartets, sonatas, nocturnes, and other orchestral forms written by Pangborn during his music conservatory days.

The scores are now being converted to digital notation files that will allow MIDI playback, so they can finally be heard.

Tales of a Darkening World: The Davy series

 * Davy (St. Martins's Press 1964); revised and expanded from the following linked novelettes:
 * "The Golden Horn" (F&SF, February 1962)
 * "A War of No Consequence" (F&SF, March 1962)
 * The Judgment of Eve (Simon & Schuster 1966)
 * "The World Is a Sphere" (novelette; published in Universe 3, ed. Terry Carr, Random House 1973 )
 * "The Freshman Angle" (novelette; in Ten Tomorrows, ed. Roger Elwood, Fawcett 1973
 * The Company of Glory (novel; originally serialized in Galaxy, August 1974; slightly revised version published by Pyramid, January 1975)
 * "Mam Sola's House" (novelette; in Continuum #4, ed. Roger Elwood, Berkley Putnam 1975)
 * Still I Persist in Wondering (Dell, November 1978); a collection of linked stories:
 * "The Children's Crusade" (novelette; in Continuum #1, ed. Roger Elwood, Putnams 1974)
 * "Harper Conan and Singer David" (novelette; in Tomorrow Today, ed. George Zebrowski, Unity 1975)
 * "The Legend of Hombas" (novelette; in Continuum #2, ed. Roger Elwood, Putnams 1974)
 * "Tiger Boy" (novelette; in Universe 2, ed. Terry Carr, Ace 1972)
 * "The Witches of Nupal" (novelette; in Continuum #3, ed. Roger Elwood, Putnams 1974)
 * "My Brother Leopold" (novelette; in An Exaltation of Stars, ed. Terry Carr, Simon & Schuster 1973)
 * "The Night Wind" (novelette; in Universe 5, ed. Terry Carr, Random House 1974)

Other science fiction novels

 * West of the Sun (Doubleday 1953)
 * A Mirror for Observers (Doubleday 1954; winner of the International Fantasy Award for Best Fiction of 1954)

Mystery novels

 * A-100: A Mystery Story (E. P. Dutton, 1930; as by "Bruce Harrison")
 * The Trial of Callista Blake (St. Martin's Press, October 1961)

Historical novels

 * Wilderness of Spring (Rinehart 1958)

Other collections

 * Good Neighbors and Other Strangers (Macmillan 1972)
 * "The Good Neighbors" (short story; Galaxy, June 1960)
 * "A Better Mousehole" (short story; Galaxy, October 1965)
 * "Longtooth" (novelette; F&SF, January 1970)
 * "Maxwell's Monkey" (short story; Galaxy, October 1964)
 * "The Ponsonby Case" (short story; Ellery Queen Mystery Magazine, December 1959; also known as "The Naked Man in the Elephant House")
 * "Pick-up for Olympus" (vignette; in The Supernatural Reader, ed. Groff & Lucy Conklin, Lippincott 1953)
 * "Darius" (short story; Ellery Queen Mystery Magazine, July 1953; also known as "Mrrrar!")
 * "Wogglebeast" (short story; F&SF, January 1965)
 * "Angel's Egg" (novelette; Galaxy, June 1951)
 * "The Wrens in Grampa's Whiskers" (short story; F&SF, April 1960)

title: Edgar Pangborn


text:
USS Sloat

USS Sloat may refer to the following ships of the United States Navy:

 * USS Sloat (DD-316), a destroyer commissioned in 1920 and decommissioned in 1930
 * USS Sloat (DE-245), a destroyer escort commissioned in 1943 and decommissioned in 1947

title: USS Sloat


text:
Bill Magee

William J. Magee (July 6, 1875 in New Brunswick, Canada) was a Major League Baseball pitcher.

A right-handed pitcher for the 1898 Louisville Colonels, Magee had a record of 16–15. He then continued his career with five National League teams in four more seasons. He walked more than twice as many batters as he struck out.

title: Bill Magee


text:
Catfish Row

Catfish Row, originally titled Suite from Porgy and Bess, is an orchestral work by George Gershwin based upon music from his famous opera Porgy and Bess. Gershwin completed the work in 1936 and it premiered at the Academy of Music in Philadelphia on January 21 of that year, with Alexander Smallens conducting the Philadelphia Orchestra. Gershwin played the piano part, including the piano solo in the opening moments. This piece preserves some of the darkest and most complex music Gershwin ever wrote.

It should not be confused with Porgy and Bess: A Symphonic Picture, scored at the behest of Fritz Reiner by Robert Russell Bennett in 1942, five years after George Gershwin’s death, and premiered by the Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra in 1943.

Movements

 * 1) Catfish Row contains the Introduction, "Jazzbo Brown's Piano Blues", which was cut from the opera until 1976 (a motive from this music is first heard in the orchestral Introduction, which was actually composed later), and the first iteration of "Summertime" with a short coda. The coda consists of the opening bars of the "crap game" music, which immediately follows "Summertime" in the opera.
 * 2) Porgy Sings contains one of Porgy's arias: "I Got Plenty o' Nuttin" and Porgy and Bess's duet "Bess, You Is My Woman Now" bridged by a cello solo (the introduction to the latter song).
 * 3) Fugue contains the dark dissonant music from the murder of Crown in Act III scene 1.
 * 4) Hurricane features the music from the hurricane sequence (12 more measures than the R. R. Bennett Porgy and Bess "Symphonic Picture" medley).
 * 5) Good Morning, Sistuh contains the Act III Prelude from the final scene of the opera, as well as the final song, "Oh, Lawd, I'm on My Way".

Instrumentation
Catfish Row is scored for two flutes (the second doubling piccolo), two oboes (the second doubling English horn), four clarinets in B-Flat (the fourth doubling bass clarinet in B-Flat), one bassoon, three French horns in F, three trumpets in B-Flat, two trombones, one tuba; a percussion section that includes timpani, drum set, xylophone, cymbals, snare drum, bass drum, tubular bells, tom-tom, wood block, suspended cymbal, glockenspiel and triangle; one piano; one banjo and strings

History
Gershwin conducted all of the ensuing performances before his death in 1937, and many scholars have pronounced it unperformed and virtually forgotten until its March 1958 rediscovery by Ira Gershwin's secretary, Lawrence D. Stewart. It did, however, receive a 14 April 1942 performance by Pierre Monteux and the San Francisco Symphony. Another performance was scheduled and publicized by the Minneapolis Symphony for the very next day (15 April 1942), but couldn't be given because there was then only one set of performance materials (score & parts) for the work (Ferencz, 2011). In 1958, Ira Gershwin decided to re-title the work "Catfish Row" to distinguish it from Robert Russell Bennett's medley, though its first (1959) recording, by the Utah Symphony, nonetheless used the original title.

Preservation status
On September 22, 2013, it was announced that a musicological critical edition of the full orchestral score will be eventually released. The Gershwin family, working in conjunction with the Library of Congress and the University of Michigan, are working to make scores available to the public that represent Gershwin's true intent. The entire Gershwin project may take 30 to 40 years to complete.

Some recordings (such as a January 1990 recording by the Chicago Symphony Orchestra and a December 2014 performance by the New York Philharmonic) include extra incidental music from the opera in the third and fifth movements, it is unknown if the critical edition score will include this material.

title: Catfish Row


text:
User:SecuniBot/source

 * 1) !/usr/bin/env python

''' Script to update the number of unpatched vulnerabilities of an operating system in the "Comparison of operating systems" page based on the secunia.com advisory database. '''

__author__ = 'Copyright (c) 2005 Karsten Sperling' __license__ = 'Distribute under the terms of the PSF license.'

import sys, os os.chdir(os.path.dirname(sys.argv[0]))

import wikipedia import re, datetime

PAGES = [ "Comparison of operating systems" ] LINK = re.compile(    r'^ \| \s* \[(http://secunia\.com/product/\d+/) \s+ (\d+)\]' +    r'\s+ (/ | \|\|) \s+ (?: - | \[\[ (\d+-\d+-\d+) \]\] ) \s* $',    re.VERBOSE | re.MULTILINE )

ADVISORY = re.compile(   r' ', re.DOTALL | re.IGNORECASE )

def secunify(title): stats = [0, 0] print "Processing '%s'" % title def update1(match): url   = match.group(1) + '?task=advisories' count = int(match.group(2)) delim = match.group(3) oldest = match.group(4) or '-' print " -> %s" % url http = wikipedia.MyURLopener.open(url) data = http.read http.close ncount = 0 noldest = '-' for m in re.finditer(ADVISORY, data): stats[0] += 1 if m.group(1) == 'unpatched' and int(m.group(3)) >= 2: ncount += 1 noldest = m.group(2) if ncount == count and noldest == oldest: return match.group(0) stats[1] += 1 if noldest != '-': noldest = "" + noldest + "" return "| [%s %d] %s %s" % (url, ncount, delim, noldest) try: page = wikipedia.Page(wikipedia.getSite, title) text = page.get if not re.search(r'<!--\s+SECUNIBOT\s+PERMITTED\s', text, re.IGNORECASE): raise Exception("missing bot tag, page ignored") output = LINK.sub(update1, text) if not stats[0]: raise Exception("no advisories at all, a parsing bug is very likely") print " parsed %d advisories, performed %d changes" % (stats[0], stats[1]) now = datetime.date.today output = re.sub(           r'(\[\[Secunia\]\].*?Last updated.*?)\[\[\d+-\d+-\d+\]\]',            r'\1%04d-%02d-%02d' % (now.year, now.month, now.day),            output, 1) if output == text: return print "Performing edit:" wikipedia.showDiff(text, output) page.put(           output,            comment = "SecuniBot: %s vulnerabilities list" % (stats[1] and "updated" or "checked"),            minorEdit = (stats[1] == 0),            watchArticle = False        ) except Exception, e:       print "Error: " + str(e) if __name__ == "__main__": try: pages = [] for arg in sys.argv[1:]: if not wikipedia.argHandler(arg, 'secunibot'): pages.append(args) if not pages: pages = PAGES for p in PAGES: secunify(p) finally: wikipedia.stopme

title: User:SecuniBot/source


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Authentic Matthew

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was keep (no consensus). Dmcdevit·t 07:07, July 30, 2005 (UTC)
 * Well... I was going to close it myself, but it's cool. Concur with vote results. - Ta bu shi da yu 08:26, 30 July 2005 (UTC)

Authentic Matthew
The previous VFD on this article was effectively sabotaged multiple (in some cases self-admitted) sockpuppetry, and was closed as "inconclusive" - i.e. it was not possible for the closing admin to determine what the votes actually were (as opposed to "no consensus").

Due to the sockpuppetry etc. involved previously, if you have under 200 edits prior to the re-opening of this VFD (which was at 00:40, 25 July 2005 (UTC)) your vote is likely to be discounted (particularly if you sign as another user, and make comments as if you were the other user rather than yourself).

 * The previous VFD, for anyone interested, is here.

Manner vote conducted
It is divided up by Keep, Delete, Merge and Comment. This is to make it easier to administer. Given the ridiculous situation we had last time, Ta bu shi da yu has imposed order on this vote!

Please keep comments short, and only place large extensive discussion/essays on the talk page. You can always link to the discussion from your comment. Any rebuttal should go in your comment(s) and be kept brief - if you wish to give more extensive reasoning, do so on the talk page or elsewhere and link to it. If you don't wish to vote, but wish to make a comment, please leave it in this section.

Ta bu shi da yu will administer the vote to deal with sockpuppetry etc. I will administer the vote. He will look at each accusation of sock-puppetry individually, and on their own merits.
 * Comment from TBSDY: I suggest that if new users want to have their vote count that they give a decently explained reason why it should be deleted/kept. - Ta bu shi da yu 04:04, 25 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment from Garrett: I numbered the votes for easier counting, hope you don't mind. GarrettTalk 02:24, 26 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Hmmm... I appreciate the gesture, but I'll be checking each vote one by one... not all votes will necessarily be counted (though they might possibly). We'll leave it numbered, but it might not reflect the final figure... - Ta bu shi da yu 10:09, 26 July 2005 (UTC)

Reason for VFD
This article is basically original research.
 * It relies on assuming that Jerome's statement about a "Gospel of the Hebrews" was accurate
 * It is an almost universal opinion amongst academics and non-academics that Jerome's statement was an (innocent) error caused by lack of information, and that the "Gospel of the Hebrews" that he refers to were in fact 3 seperate texts -
 * The Gospel of the Hebrews
 * The Gospel of the Nazarenes
 * The Gospel of the Ebionites
 * It contains an opinion of why people might have wanted the Gospel of Matthew to exist
 * It presents an extremely POV view of the origin of the Gospel of Matthew, which is totally inconsistent with either the conservative religious view of their origin, or the critical academic view involving
 * Markan priority
 * Q document
 * Two source hypothesis
 * The relevant section on the origin of matthew at Gospel of Matthew
 * It bases all of this on a totally non-sequitur argument that as Eusebius said that "matthew wrote in hebrew letters", there is an entirely different gospel for the hebrews which is not dependant on Mark, and forms the basis of Matthew, and that this must therefore mean that the above 3 gospels (Hebrews/Nazarenes/Ebionites) are in fact 1 gospel not 3 despite the near unanimous opinion amongst academics and non academics to the contrary.
 * The origin of the Gospel of Matthew should be, and is already, discussed at Gospel of Matthew
 * None of the references actually support the argument of the text but instead either adhere to the standard critical academic view, or propose an entirely different argument altogether.
 * The article is even written as an essay/thesis, with introduction and conclusion.
 * The author of the article added detail to all articles relating to this area of the bible supporting the POV of the article. The only people setting up links to the article or even mentions of its thesis are 202.176.97.230 and the article's author themselves, and they may very well be one and the same.

 * The earlier version of the article had extensive duplication of source texts which are already on Wikisource - - when this was removed, it was restored by editors with very few edits indeed.

 * The author of the article has gone to extensive lengths, including RFAR (failed), to preserve it, and there have been many sockpuppets (many of which were admitted to be so - ).

 * The article has been reviewed by an editor (not me) who has a doctorate (PhD) in the study of the New Testament, and been said to be unsalvagable original research by that editor.

 * Even the article's title is POV

Keep

 * 1) Keep content, but Move to appropriate title (this is a valid topic for an article independent of Gospel of Matthew. Any salvageable material will obviously have to be NPOV'd, and this time, I would like to strongly encourage both combatants and their armies of beady-eyed undergarments to work disputes out civilly on the talkpage.  Tomer TALK  04:17, July 25, 2005 (UTC)
 * 2) Keep. There's obviously some material that's not original research.  Once the frenzied atmosphere of the VfD is over, the article should be cleaned up and probably retitled. JamesMLane 01:49, 25 July 2005 (UTC)
 * 3) Keep the unoriginal research. ;-)  —RaD Man (talk) 05:08, 25 July 2005 (UTC)
 * 4) Keep. No case has been made for the "original research" claim; this VfD seems to me to have more to do with -Ril-'s feud with the writers of the article than anything else.  The article certainly needs considerable work, but that's not the issue here. --Mel Etitis  ( Μελ Ετητης ) 08:51, 25 July 2005 (UTC)
 * That is simply not true. I have absolutely no feud with the article's creator outside the article. Indeed, I HAVE NEVER BEEN INVOLVED WITH THE CREATOR OF THE ARTICLE IN ANYTHING EXCEPT CONCERNING THE EXISTANCE OF THE ARTICLE.     09:11, 26 July 2005 (UTC)
 * 1) Keep and cleanup. Potential for a valid article.  Contains some original research, but that can be excised. -- Visviva 09:08, 25 July 2005 (UTC)
 * 2) Keep. It needs to be cleaned up, but there is potential and it doesn't seem to meet the standard of original research Salsb 16:58, 25 July 2005 (UTC)
 * 3) Keep. The version I read Friday was a clear object for deletion, but the original research that was there has been removed, & although I'd prefer this article to have a different title ("Authentic Matthew" strongly suggests a specific POV to me), the version I read today seems to be a reasonably objective & nonpartisan discussion of the issues. -- llywrch 22:03, 25 July 2005 (UTC)
 * 4) Keep- though controversial, the topic seems to be legit. Flcelloguy | A note? | Desk 22:29, 25 July 2005 (UTC)
 * 5) Keep, as I voted on the previous VFD. Well writte article on a notable subject. --Blu Aardvark | (talk) 00:32, 26 July 2005 (UTC)
 * 6) Keep - Needs a cleanup but an interesting article that is noteworthy. hansamurai 飯侍 (burp) 00:35, July 26, 2005 (UTC)
 * 7) Strong Keep This vfd is nonsense. freestylefrappe 02:40, July 26, 2005 (UTC)
 * 8) Keep Very good--April12 11:41, 27 July 2005 (UTC)
 * - user's 8th edit. james gibbon 13:50, 27 July 2005 (UTC)

Delete

 * Note to anyone in Taiwan: If you are voting to delete please let me know, as it could affect my vote being counted. Davilla 21:38, 26 July 2005 (UTC)

 * 1) Delete in the strongest possible way     00:40, 25 July 2005 (UTC)
 * 2) Delete. Original research, NPOV. Fernando Rizo T/C 00:49, 25 July 2005 (UTC)
 * 3) Delete based on most but not all of the preceeding arguements. Hamster Sandwich 01:36, 25 July 2005 (UTC)
 * 4) Delete I don't see anything substantial in this article which does not already appear in Gospel of Matthew. Disucssion of the various theories is fairly complete there. -Harmil 02:51, 25 July 2005 (UTC)
 * 5) stone with stones; this depends entirely on Jerome being right about their being a single writing. However a mention of this possibility (possibility, mind) in a parent article would probably be good too. Also I'd say the bible scholar's "damnation" of it carries a lot of weight. Oh and a heap of brownie points go to Ta bu shi da yu for bravely overseeing all these contentious Vfds of late. Good to know the result will be guaranteed "barefoot". :) GarrettTalk 03:58, 25 July 2005 (UTC)
 * 6) VORPED (Vanity - Original Research - Personal Essay - Delete!) Stirling Newberry 06:26, 25 July 2005 (UTC)
 * 7) Delete as original research. --Carnildo 07:13, 25 July 2005 (UTC)
 * 8) Delete, I don't believe that anything in this piece warrants an article separate from the main gospel of Matthew entry james gibbon 10:35, 25 July 2005 (UTC)
 * 9) Delete: The amount of tinfoil hattery around the early Gospels is extreme. This article ignores everything from Higher Criticism on to weave together a wishlist view, arguably to support a further POV (not in the article but which the article will be used to support) for one heretical view or another.  Honestly, these schemes and arguments are thick as flies in history.  There can be no merge, as that requires equally merging in all other variant readings of the origins of the Gospel and non-Q sources, and we would indeed run out of not-paper doing so.  There is no keep, because there is no support for this view that makes it representative enough to need explication, and it obviously isn't just "true" or "accepted as true" by the wider community.  Geogre 14:52, 25 July 2005 (UTC)
 * 10) Delete, for reasons given. While I wouldn't necessarily oppose the verifiable elements being included into Matthew, ascertaining what those elements are would likely be an enormous headache, and not worth the trouble. I'm sure it would take multiple RfCs. I love the title though. Maybe we can get a page on Amazing Larry and Erudite Steve. -R. fiend 17:02, 25 July 2005 (UTC)
 * 11) Delete. Seems to be hopelessly POV. -Aranel (" Sarah ") 18:09, 25 July 2005 (UTC)
 * 12) Extremely strong delete – I have researched and taught New Testament, and I’ve never even heard of ‘Authentic Matthew’. This article takes all sorts of (disputed) asides from the Church Fathers, adds them to several unrelated scholarly theories about synoptic origins – to produce what is a piece of (bad) original research. It is about as factual as the Da Vinci Code! Any (notable} proto-Matthean theories should be discussed under Gospel of Matthew or Synoptic problem. Links to this drivel have been inserted into other Biblical studies articles. --Doc (?) 21:48, 25 July 2005 (UTC)
 * 13) Delete POV-pushing original research. If there's anything encyclopedic here, it could go in Gospel of Matthew, but not in this POV fork. CDC   (talk)  23:12, 25 July 2005 (UTC)
 * 14) Delete as per Harmil and nominator. …Markaci 2005-07-25 T 23:15:28 Z
 * 15) Delete original research/essay. JamesBurns 06:47, 26 July 2005 (UTC)
 * 16) Delete per above.  Grue  08:27, 26 July 2005 (UTC)
 * 17) DELETE. The argument that it is cited does not justify its validity, as even original research must be cited for publication. There is no such term as Authentic Matthew (see my Google search on previous VFD) as verified by Doc above, so it should at least be moved, if worthy of that, or merged, as already attended to. Davilla 10:17, 26 July 2005 (UTC)
 * 18) Delete - changed my vote because everything useful was already merged. Renata3 16:32, 26 July 2005 (UTC)
 * 19) Delete - POV original research. carmeld1 23:41, 26 July 2005 (UTC)
 * 20) Delete - POV/original research/all usable material already merged/name inherently violates NPOV policy -- and how can you have a recount without telling those who voted originally that they have to revote, I'm lucky I saw this. DreamGuy 05:39, July 27, 2005 (UTC)
 * 21) Delete - While an article with a different title and wholly different content could be written on this subject, it would far better to start from scratch. - SimonP 21:37, July 29, 2005 (UTC)

Merge

 * 1) Merge what is verifiable with Gospel of Matthew.Capitalistroadster 04:24, 25 July 2005 (UTC)
 * 2) Merge whatever pertinent information that isn't covered under Gospel of Matthew, then Delete for most of the reasons listed above (except for the last three). khaosworks 02:55, July 25, 2005 (UTC)
 * 3) Merge anything salvageable with Matthew the Evangelist (more appropriate IMHO than Gospel of Matthew). --Angr/undefined 06:18, 25 July 2005 (UTC)
 * 4) Merge - put some reference of "alternative theories" on the Gospel of Mathews page. Renata3 17:59, 25 July 2005 (UTC)
 * 5) Looks to have some verifiable and useful information despite its poor presentation. Merge with Gospel of Matthew or other relevant pages, then redirect. Christopher Parham (talk) 18:13, 2005 July 26 (UTC)

Comment

 * ''Please add your comments here, if they are not direct responses to votes. Please also make it short. - Ta bu shi da yu 04:00, 25 July 2005 (UTC)

If I were allowed to vote, I would vote keep because, if the Gospel is true, then who wrote it is a separate issue from its existence, and if it is not true, then no amount of writing about it will ever make it true. To paraphrase Arthur C Clarke: when an eminent [bible scholar] says something is impossible, it probably isn't. Respectfully, Simon Cursitor 12:15, 25 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Simon, the argument here is not whether this theory is correct, or even possible. It is whether this is a position being argued by any notable scholar, in a way that WP can record. It is not (although individual bits of it may be) - and thus it is original research. Even if the thesis was factually correct - it still would have no place here. --Doc (?) 21:54, 25 July 2005 (UTC)

Note: to whichever admin closes this VfD —  took control of the previous VfD, deleting and moving to the Talk page comments opposed to his position, while leaving in comments supporting him, including many of his own (including personal attacks and unsubstantiated guesses at sockpuppetry presented as dogmatic claims). He made a real mess. This VfD contains FALSE information. Please check the record of the previous VfD.--Mikefar 15:54, 25 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Above user has 56 prior edits, only 11 edits not connected to preserving this article, admits to using many sockpuppets - - and claims to be the original writer of the article -  - i.e. Melissadolbeer -      08:17, 26 July 2005 (UTC)

As the original writer of this article, I specifically deny all the allegations.

 *  Jerome, a published scholar who did the original research on Authentic Matthew wrote,
 * Matthew, also called Levi, who used to be a tax collector and later an apostle, composed the Gospel of Christ, which was first published in Judea in Hebrew script for the sake of those of the circumcision who believed. This Gospel was afterwards translated into Greek (and the Greek has been lost) though by what author uncertain. The Hebrew original has been preserved to this present day in the library of Caesarea, which Pamphilus diligently gathered. I have also had the opportunity of having this volume transcribed for me by the Nazarenes of Beroea, Syria, who use it. (On Illustrious Men 3)

and
 * In the Gospel which the Nazarenes and the Ebionites use which we have recently translated from Hebrew to Greek, and which most people call The Authentic Gospel of Matthew

(Commentary on Matthew 2) Comment I have no desire to get involved this farce but Ril, you are not being honest. Mr Far clearly has not written this article, and you are lying. What worries is that you and other are hurting Wikipedia. Closing admin should use care. Ril, Shame Shame
 * No original research Original research refers to original research by editors of Wikipedia. It does not refer to original research that is published  ...See previous VfD
 * Above is an unsigned comment by Mikefar, who has 56 prior edits, only 11 edits not connected to preserving this article, admits to using many sockpuppets - - and claims to be the original writer of the article -  - i.e. Melissadolbeer -      08:17, 26 July 2005 (UTC)
 * unsigned by 209.53.181.47 (talk • contribs • block), identical to 209.53.181.26 (talk • contribs • block)     22:48, 26 July 2005 (UTC)
 * "Mr Far" claims to have been the one who wrote the article - evidence:      22:48, 26 July 2005 (UTC)
 * And you are clearly a sockpuppet.     22:48, 26 July 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Wikipedia talk:Articles for deletion/Authentic Matthew

 * The talk page from the first round of deletion voting is at Wikipedia talk:Votes for deletion/Authentic Matthew (inconcluded).


text:
1977 Norwegian parliamentary election

Parliamentary elections were held in Norway on 11 and 12 September 1977. The Labour Party remained the largest party in the Storting, winning 76 of the 155 seats.

title: 1977 Norwegian parliamentary election


text:
Gross anatomy

Gross anatomy is the study of anatomy at the visible or macroscopic level. The counterpart to gross anatomy is the field of histology, which studies microscopic anatomy. Gross anatomy of the human body or other animals seeks to understand the relationship between components of an organism in order to gain a greater appreciation of the roles of those components and their relationships in maintaining the functions of life. The study of gross anatomy can be performed on deceased organisms using dissection or on living organisms using medical imaging. Education in the gross anatomy of humans is included training for most health professionals.

Techniques of study
Gross anatomy is studied using both invasive and noninvasive methods with the goal of obtaining information about the macroscopic structure and organisation of organs and organ systems. Among the most common methods of study is dissection, in which the corpse of an animal or a human cadaver is surgically opened and its organs studied. Endoscopy, in which a video camera-equipped instrument is inserted through a small incision in the subject, may be used to explore the internal organs and other structures of living animals. The anatomy of the circulatory system in a living animal may be studied noninvasively via angiography, a technique in which blood vessels are visualised after being injected with an opaque dye. Other means of study include radiological techniques of imaging, such as X-ray and MRI.

In medical and healthcare professional education
Most health profession schools, such as medical, physician assistant, and dental schools, require that students complete a practical (dissection) course in gross human anatomy. Such courses aim to educate students in basic human anatomy and seek to establish anatomical landmarks that may later be used to aid medical diagnosis. Many schools provide students with cadavers for investigation by dissection, aided by dissection manuals, as well as cadaveric atlases (e.g. Netter's, Rohen's).

Working intimately with a cadaver during a gross anatomy course has been shown to capture the essence of the patient-provider relationship. However, the expense of maintaining cadaveric dissection facilities has limited the time and resources available for gross anatomy teaching in many medical schools, with some adopting alternative prosection-based or simulated teaching. This, coupled with decreasing time dedicated to gross anatomical courses within the growing greater medical school curriculum, has caused controversy surrounding the sufficiency of anatomical teaching with nearly half of newly qualified doctors believing they received insufficient anatomy teaching.

Medical schools have implemented on-screen anatomical lessons and tutorials to teach students surgical procedures. The use of technological visual aids and gross dissection are more effective together than either approach alone. Recently, online flashcards and quizzes have been used as well.

title: Gross anatomy


text:
Talk:Zazpiak Bat

Where did these seven "historic provinces" originate? john k 00:43, 25 July 2005 (UTC)

 * The division of Lower Navarre and Upper Navarre is from 1512.
 * Other borders have changed more recently.
 * --Error 01:24, 25 July 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Zazpiak Bat


text: User talk:69.86.182.65

title: User talk:69.86.182.65


text:
User talk:Dylanger

Please Dont delete my page. I am working on it. Thanks, Dylan

 * Hi, somebody deleted your page from article space, so I thought you might appreciate if I restored it and moved it to your user page. Your page isn't suitable as a Wikipedia article (we'd call it "vanity") but it's okay to put it on your user page. --Tony Sidaway|Talk 00:49, 25 July 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Dylanger


text:
Claude Matthieu, Count Gardane

Claude-Matthieu, Comte de Gardane (11 July 1766 in Marseille – 30 January 1818) was a French general and diplomat. He entered the army and rose rapidly during the revolutionary wars, becoming captain in 1793.

Biography
In May 1799 he distinguished himself by saving a division of the French army which was about to be crushed by the Russians at the battle of Bassignana, and was named at once brigadier-general by Moreau. He incurred Napoleon's displeasure for an omission of duty shortly before the battle of Marengo (June, 1800), but in 1805 was appointed to be aide-de-camp of the emperor. His chief distinction, however, was to be won in the diplomatic sphere.

In the spring of 1807, when Russia and Prussia were at war with France, and the emperor Alexander I of Russia was also engaged in hostilities with Persia. The court of Tehran sent a mission to the French emperor, then at the Finckenstein Palace in East Prussia, with a view to the conclusion of a Franco-Persian alliance. The Treaty of Finckenstein was signed on 4 May 1807, at that castle; and Napoleon designed Gardane as special envoy for the cementing of that alliance. The secret instructions which he drew up for Gardane, and signed on 30 May, are of interest as showing the strong oriental trend of the emperor's policy.

France was to guarantee the integrity of Persia, to recognize that Georgia (then being invaded by the Russians) belonged to the shah, and was to make all possible efforts for restoring that territory to him. He was also to furnish to the shah arms, officers and workmen, in the number and to the amount demanded by him. Napoleon on his side required Persia to declare war against Great Britain to expel all Britons from her territory.

Gardane, whose family was well known in the Levant, had a long and dangerous journey overland, but was cordially received at Tehran in December 1807. The conclusion of the Franco-Russian treaty at Tilsit in July 1807 rendered the mission abortive. Persia longed only for help against Russia who had invaded its Caucasian territories and had no desire, when all hope of that was past, to attack India. The shah, however, promised to expel Britons and to grant to France a commercial treaty. For a time French influence completely replaced that of England at Tehran, and the mission of Sir John Malcolm to that court was not allowed to proceed. Finally, however, Gardane saw that nothing much was to be hoped for in the changed situation of European affairs, and abruptly left the country (April 1809). This conduct was not wholly approved by Napoleon, but he named him count and in 1810 attached him to Marshal Massena's army in Portugal. There, during the disastrous retreat from Santarém to Almeida, he suffered a check which brought him into disfavour.

title: Claude Matthieu, Count Gardane


text:
Popular Front (disambiguation)

A popular front is a term for a political coalition which is commonly made up of parties ranging ideologically from liberalism to communism, historically for the purpose of opposing the rise of fascism or far-right politics in general. In Post-Soviet states, the word has a different meaning, instead connoting a liberal intellectual organization formed to support self-determination for the territory in which it operated.

Popular Front may refer to:

Political movements

 * Alliance of the Christian Democratic Popular Front
 * Azerbaijani Popular Front Party
 * Belarusian Popular Front
 * Broad Popular Front, a small Panamanian left-of-center political party, 1977-1984.
 * Comorian Popular Front
 * Humanist Popular Front, a center-left Venezuelan political party formed in 2009.
 * Ivorian Popular Front
 * Mauritanian Popular Front
 * Popular Democratic Front (Italy)
 * Popular Front (Burkina Faso)
 * Popular Front (Chile)
 * Popular Front (France)
 * Popular Front (Senegal)
 * Popular Front (Spain)
 * Popular Front (Tunisia)
 * Popular Front (UK)
 * Popular Front for Armed Resistance
 * Popular Front for Change and Liberation
 * Popular Front for Democracy, the main opposition political party in Ghana during the Third Republic (1979-1981).
 * Popular Front for Recovery, a militia from Chad.
 * Popular Front for the Liberation of Bahrain
 * Popular Front for the Liberation of Chad
 * Popular Front for the Liberation of Libya
 * Popular Front for the Liberation of Oman
 * Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine
 * Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine – External Operations
 * Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine – General Command
 * Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine – Special Command
 * Popular Front for the Liberation of the Occupied Arabian Gulf
 * Popular Front of Estonia
 * Popular Front of India
 * Popular Front of Latvia
 * Popular Front of Moldova
 * Popular Front of Potosí
 * Popular Front of the Canary Islands
 * Popular Front Party
 * Popular Revolutionary Front for the Liberation of Palestine
 * Unified Popular Front, a political party in Iraq.
 * United Popular Front, a Greek political party founded in July 2011.
 * United Popular Front (Iraq)
 * Worker Peasant Student and Popular Front

Media

 * Popular Front, an independent media outlet and podcast founded by British journalist Jake Hanrahan

title: Popular Front (disambiguation)


text:
Nonstress test

A nonstress test (NST) is a screening test used in pregnancy to assess fetal status by means of the fetal heart rate and its responsiveness. A cardiotocograph is used to monitor the fetal heart rate and presence or absence of uterine contractions. The test is typically termed "reactive" (also "reassuring") or "nonreactive" (also "nonreassuring").

Premise
The premise of the NST is that a well-oxygenated, non-acidemic fetus will spontaneously have temporary increases, termed "accelerations," in the fetal heart rate (FHR).

Vibroacoustic stimulation can wake the fetus, and is sometimes used to speed up the test or to facilitate further evaluation of a non-reactive nonstress test.

Interpretation
A nonstress test can be classified as normal, atypical, or abnormal. A normal nonstress test will show a baseline fetal heart rate between 110 and 160 beats per minute with moderate variability (5- to 25-interbeat variability) and 2 qualifying accelerations in 20 minutes with no decelerations.

"Reactive" is defined as the presence of two or more fetal heart rate accelerations within a 20-minute period. Each acceleration must increase the heart rate 15 beats per minute above the baseline rate, and last for at least 15 seconds when the fetus is above 32 weeks' gestation, or 10 beats per minute over 10 seconds when the fetus is at or below 32 weeks' gestation.

"Non-reactive" is defined as fewer than two adequate accelerations during a prolonged period, which may be over an hour.

Confounding factors
An NST may be non-reactive for reasons unrelated to fetal oxygenation status. These include fetal sleep, exposure to central nervous system depressants, exposure to beta-blockers, or chronic smoking during the pregnancy.

Utility
If the nonstress test is reactive, the rate of fetal demise in the following week is approximately 1.9 per 1000. A nonreactive nonstress test has a false positive rate of 75%-90%, and therefore is followed by more definitive testing, which may include a contraction stress test or a biophysical profile.

title: Nonstress test


text:
User:Dylanger

Dylan "Dylanger" Fogle

* Parents: Greg and Shirley Fogle * Family: o Wife: Georgia o Son: Caleb * Radio Personality, Freelance Outlaw Currently On-Air at wxqr in New bern, NC.
 * Born June 22, 1973 MiddleTown, Ohio

title: User:Dylanger