text:
Iowa Tribe of Oklahoma

The Iowa Tribe of Oklahoma is one of two federally recognized tribes for the Iowa people. The other is the Iowa Tribe of Kansas and Nebraska. Traditionally Iowas spoke the Chiwere language, part of the Siouan language family. Their own name for their tribe is Bahkhoje, meaning, "grey snow," a term inspired by the tribe's traditional winter lodges covered with snow, stained grey from hearth fires.

Since 1985, the tribe has held an annual powwow. It takes place in mid-June 4 mi south of Perkins, Oklahoma, on Highway 177.

Government
The Iowa Tribe of Oklahoma is headquartered in Perkins, Oklahoma, and their tribal jurisdictional area is in Lincoln, Logan, Oklahoma, and Payne counties, Oklahoma. Of the 800 enrolled tribal members, over 490 live within the state of Oklahoma. Edgar Kent is the current tribal chairperson.

Programs and economic development
The tribe issues its own vehicle tags and operates the Bah-kho-je Housing Authority. They own a truck stop, a gas station, a smoke shop, a bingo hall, an off-track wagering facility, and a casino. The estimated annual economic impact of the Iowa Tribe of Oklahoma was $10,343,000 in 2011. The tribe operates the Cimarron Casino in Perkins, the Iowa Tribe Smokeshop in Coyle, and the Ioway Casino Resort in Chandler.

The Bah-Kho-Je Journal is a newspaper published by the tribe for enrolled members. The tribe also owns BKH Solutions, a SBA 8(A) certified company providing trucking, construction, environmental, archaeological, and energy services and consulting. They have their own tribal police department and Tah-Je Do-Weh Che Child Development and Head Start program.

The tribe owns its own Bah-Kho-Je Gallery that represents Iowa artists, such as Jean Bales (Iowa), David Kaskaske (Iowa-Otoe-Missouri), and Daniel Murray (Iowa/Otoe), as well as artists from related tribes, such as Mars Biggoose (Ponca), Gina Gray (Osage Nation), and others. The gallery was based in Guthrie, Oklahoma, but is now located in the Iowa tribal complex in Perkins.

Language
An estimated thirty tribal members still speak the Iowa or Chiwere language, a Siouan language. The tribe has offered language classes in the past and is currently providing elders with recording devices to archive language material they feel important to share with the younger generations.

History
The Iowa, or Ioway, originated in the Great Lakes region. They are thought, along with the Ho-Chunk, Otoe, and Missouria tribes, to have once been a single tribe. In the 16th century, the Iowa, Otoe, and Missouria broke away from that tribe and moved to the south and west. The first recorded contact between the Iowa and Europeans was in 1676, in Green Bay, Wisconsin, where they lived among the Ho-Chunk people.

Traditionally, Iowa society was divided into two moieties, the Buffalo and the Bear clans, who would govern the tribe on an alternating, semiannual basis.

In face of European-American encroachment, the Iowa moved east in what is now Iowa and Missouri, but in 1839 the tribe ceded their lands and moved to the Ioway Reservation on the Kansas-Nebraska border. There factionalism broke out between the mixed blood and full blood Iowas. The mixed bloods advocated assimilation, while the full bloods wanted to follow their traditional way of life.

In the attempt to preserve their traditions, the full blood faction of the Iowa Tribe began moving into Indian Territory in 1878. They were given lands within the Sac and Fox Reservation in 1883. Their collective tribal landholdings were broken up by the Dawes Act and, in 1890, individual land was allotted by the Cherokee Commission to 109 tribal members.

The Curtis Act of 1898 dismantled tribal government, but the tribe was able to reorganize under the Oklahoma Indian Welfare Act of 1936, as the Iowa Tribe of Oklahoma. They ratified a constitution and by-laws in 1937.

Bah Kho-Je Xla Chi: Eagle Rehabilitation Program
A unique tribal service is the Bah Kho-Je Xla Chi or Grey Snow Eagle House. This eagle aviary was built in January 2006, within the tribe's buffalo preserve. Bah Kho-Je Xla Chi serves both to rehabilitate injured eagles and to house eagles that cannot be released back in the wild. The program works with golden eagles and bald eagles. Located in Perkins, this is the first facility that can house injured eagles in the state of Oklahoma and meets US Fish and Wildlife Service standards.

The aviary is one of the few in the country is open to the public, and visitors have come from all over the world, including tribal elders from many different Oklahoman Indian tribes. Naturally molted eagle feathers are gathered by the tribe for legally permitted religious use. Victor Roubidoux, an Iowa tribal member, serves as the aviary manager. The tribe is currently raising funds to expand the aviary, since spaces for eagles filled up almost immediately with birds from throughout the United States. The tribe recently added a new flight cage. Says Roubidoux, "We believe that the eagle is the only animal that has seen the face of the creator and so we honor him with respect and dignity."

Notable tribal members

 * Jean Bales (1946–2004), artist

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Iowa Tribe of Oklahoma


text:
Talk:Tina Cousins

Birth date
Does anyone have information on Tina's birthdate? I haven't had luck finding a single source. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 213.244.194.184 (talk • contribs) 02:10, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Well, the first one currently cited is from BBC, which is an entry from the Wikipedia article and the other is a page not found. TherasTaneel (talk) 01:35, 1 November 2020 (UTC)

Query as to her origin?
According to Wikipedia and her Myspace page Tina Cousins says she lives in and was brought up in Leigh on Sea, yet her mum lives about 5 doors away from me in Westcliff on Sea, off of Hamlet Court road. I wonder if anybody could clarify this? quercus robur 12:36, 3 March 2007 (UTC)

Wonderful Life
has anyone seen the Australian video clip to this song? for a while it's an Asian lady with black hair and then suddenly Tina Cousins is singing it.. was there a collaboration between the two? No I mean another lady has her name to the song first and then Tina Cousins is singing it two weeks afterDomsta333 14:28, 11 March 2007 (UTC) ???? -Anthony- 05:58, 13 March 2007 (UTC) well this was just in Australia.. there was another lady singing it at the same time which i find weird..??(def. not her..Tina Cousins has blonde hair not black)Domsta333 12:13, 13 March 2007 (UTC) Strange. I haven't seen the video recently though. -Anthony- 06:24, 14 March 2007 (UTC)

Buzzcocks
"A notable sign of her continuing popularity was her guest appearance on Never Mind the Buzzcocks, a British comedy panel show, which was broadcast on the 2nd November 2006." I have to say, I think this statement is erroneous. It seems to suggest she was on the panel, when in fact she appeared in the lineup, which typically features forgotten stars and those who had long left show business. I think this should be explained in the article. 86.147.135.91 00:28, 23 March 2007 (UTC)

So 1971 or 1974, fucking stupids?

title: Talk:Tina Cousins


text:
Iowa Tribe of Kansas and Nebraska

The Iowa Tribe of Kansas and Nebraska is one of two federally recognized tribes of Iowa people. The other is the Iowa Tribe of Oklahoma.

They hold an annual Indian movie night and a powwow every September.

Reservation
The Iowa Reservation is located in Richardson County in southeastern Nebraska and Brown and Doniphan Counties in northeastern Kansas. It spans 1500 acre of checkerboard lands, alternating between tribal and non-Native ownership.

Government
The Iowa Tribe of Kansas and Nebraska is headquartered in White Cloud, Kansas. The tribe is governed by a five-member council. The current administration is as follows.

 * Chairperson: Tim Rhodd
 * Vice-chairperson: Lance Foster
 * Treasurer: Elyse Towey
 * Secretary: Tony Fee
 * Council Member: Robbie Craig.

Economic development
The tribe owns and operates a dairy farm, fuel station, grain processing operation, Casino White Cloud, and the Mahuska Restaurant, located in White Cloud, Kansas.

History
A Chiwere Siouan language-speaking people, the Iowa originally lived near the Great Lakes and were once part of the Ho-Chunk Nation. In the 17th century, Iowa people lived in northern Iowa and southern Minnesota. During the 1820s and 1830s, the tribe signed numerous treaties with the US federal government and were assigned a reservation near the Great Nemaha River near the Kansas–Nebraska border in 1836.

In the 1870s, the tribe split into two groups, and the Southern Ioway moved to Indian Territory, while the Northern Ioway remained in Kansas and Nebraska. The Northern Ioway ratified their constitution and by-laws on 26 February 1937.

During the period from the 1940s to the 1960s, in which the Indian termination policy was enforced, four Kansas tribes, including the Iowa, were targeted for termination. One of the first pieces of legislation enacted during this period was the Kansas Act of 1940 which transferred all jurisdiction for crimes committed on or against Indians from federal jurisdiction to the State of Kansas. It did not preclude the federal government from trying Native people, but it allowed the state into an area of law in which had historically belonged only to the federal government.

On 1 August 1953, the United States Congress passed House Concurrent Resolution 108 which called for the immediate termination of the Flathead, Klamath, Menominee, Potawatomi, and Turtle Mountain Chippewa, as well as all tribes in the states of California, New York, Florida, and Texas. Termination of a tribe meant the immediate withdrawal of all federal aid, services, and protection, as well as the end of reservations. A memo issued by the Department of the Interior on 21 January 1954 clarified that the reference to "Potawatomi" in the Resolution meant the Potawatomi, the Kickapoo, the Sac and Fox, and the Iowa Tribe of Kansas and Nebraska tribes in Kansas.

Because jurisdiction over criminal matters had already been transferred to the State of Kansas by the passage of the Kansas Act of 1940, the government targeted the four tribes in Kansas for immediate termination. In February 1954, joint hearings for the Kansas tribes were held by the House and Senate Subcommittees on Indian Affairs.

The Prairie Band of Potawatomi Nation tribal leader, Minnie Wishkeno Evans (Indian name: Ke-wat-no-quah) led the effort to stop termination. Tribal members sent petitions of protest to the government and multiple delegations went to testify at congressional meetings in Washington, DC. Tribal Council members Vestana Cadue, Oliver Kahbeah, and Ralph Simon of the Kickapoo Tribe in Kansas traveled at their own expense to testify as well. The strong opposition from the Potawatomi and Kickapoo tribes helped them, as well as the Sac and Fox and the Iowa Tribe, avoid termination.

In 2021 Johnson County, IA Conservation Board donated 7 acres of land to the Iowa Tribe of Nebraska and Kansas. The first land owned by the Iowa Tribe in Iowa (Article).

21st century
In March 2016, the Iowa Tribe of Kansas and Nebraska filed a motion to consult with the Iowa Utilities Board (IUB) regarding their permit for Dakota Energy to build the Bakken pipeline, which will run through the tribe's ancestral lands. The IUB tentatively denied this motion.

title: Iowa Tribe of Kansas and Nebraska


text: Category:Lutheran archbishops

title: Category:Lutheran archbishops


text:
User talk:Rex1 wiki*

Welcome!

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title: User talk:Rex1 wiki*


text:
User:Crusader Roach

Sachinisms

1. Umm, I can't come? I was like 80:20 right? But then this mother of some kind shows up and eats my spirits and I'm all like "that's unhealthy" so she's on about "deweed that garden of yours" so I just say "no way man, I trim my bushes only when the fishes signal equinox yeh?"... Then I founded a hammer and watched some basketball... Then I'm all thinking about Leah so Kurt shows up with shaving gear and I'm all "I said AFTER the tea party!!!!!" So anyway, this green cucumber crosses my path and I forget to swallow, later I see a reflection of a full bodied cactus and I have to choose between my two greatest loves.

So, sorry that I can't come, but try to enjoy without me... I know it will be hard, but remember-Sachin's still somewhere out there-taking photos of people who look good in pink overalls. Like your brother? Well, yes... Hmm...

2. So I'm with this third former and we're ironing our hair rite? Then this peanut collector shows up and asks me about the weather, so I'm all "where's my tuna man?"

3. The other day I meet up with my long lost pony and he's all happy to see me, but I dunno why I can't find a candle right? So then I follow a lamp that my dentist just offered, nevertheless I still keep an onion in my pocket. Later the police come up to me and are all "do you know a mr. restroom?" and I'm all "my fish had babies!"

Then this old woman decides to hit me on the head with an umbrella, so I'm all "I wonder what Paul's having for dinner". Soon enough I find myself in Bordeaux and I still haven't become a fireman.

4. Like just today i'm all dating a sandcastle and she's all "I'm a sandcastle you moron!!!" but I'm all "I wonder how much I can sell my toes for". Just then I see Malhar mowing his sister and I'm all "I know a guy named Jeffrey". So I go to the dairy and ask the watermelons for some spare tire hubs?

Two days later a fireman comes up to me and says "can I get your weight sir?" and I'm all "where'd my sideburns go?" In the end I figure out that the Hawaiian Eskimo was actually my sister?

5. So I'm all at home smoking my sister right? Then all of a random this guy comes up to me and is all "can you borrow my taxi?" So I'm all "Why don't you slip peanuts anymore man?"

6. So the other day I'm like walking on the ironing board? Then this guy comes up to me and he's all "man your sachinisms are getting repetetive" and I'm all "you got my fridge componenets for the duckling stew?" Then this string inspector comes up to me and he's all "that guy's right, you are getting pretty repetetive" so then I go take a shower with my cat.

7. So I'm all aspirating my cyclohexagonal pigment aight? Then out of nowhere comes this shiny clone and he's all "I made wedding soup!!!!!" so I'm all "Go fish man". Then I go to my pudding ceremony and I receive a welcoming assault? Later I'm all sweeping my razor and there comes the muffin man and he's all "sell me your doormat!" All in all I mated with seven honeybees and restringed my armpits. BOTH OF THEM!!!!

8. So I get up at 4.30 am looking for a glass of my brother right? Then all of a sudden I remember I am late for my intestinal cleansing so I rush to the duck shop and buy a couple of farmers because it's Friday.

9. The other day my mum's all following a lamp aight? Then all of a sudden I recieve a call about Alex engaging an omelette so I'm all "Field restrictions!" Later this cat comes up to me and eats my carpet so I venture out into the forest looking for trees. Then there's Pep tasting these tree huggers and he's all "Um, I can explain" so I'm all "Who brought the dip?"

L'autre le jour ma maman tout suivante une lampe, bien? Alors toute la soudain je recieve un appel au sujet d'Alex engageant une omelette ainsi je suis toutes les "restrictions de champ!" Plus tard ce chat monte à moi et mange ma entreprise tellement I de tapis dehors dans la forêt recherchant des arbres. Alors il y a de Pep goûtant ces huggers d'arbre et il est toute la "UM, je peut expliquer" ainsi je suis tout "qui a apporté la immersion?"

The other the day my very following mom a lamp, well? Then all it suddenly I recieve a call about Alex engaging an omelette thus I am all the "restrictions of field!" Later this cat goes up to me and eats my company so much I of seeking carpet outside in the forest of the trees. Then there is of Pep tasting these huggers tree and it is all the "UM, I can explain" thus I am very "who brought the immersion?"

11. So I'm all out in the wild giving James a sisterectomy aight? Then out of nowhere comes this buddhist guy and he's all "search the peace within" so i'm all "go make raincoats man!" Later I find Pep and he's all playing his brother so i'm all "Darn Pep, why must you soil my good yoghurt?" Soon enough I meet up with Simon and he's all "I was thinking about you when I got up" so I'm all "Man that green ketchup really turns me on".

title: User:Crusader Roach


text:
Talk:Fish sauce

Untitled
Added some information on the origins of fish sauce in SEA, sorry for no sources, I'll have to look through a bunch of my SEA'n history books, but I'll see what I can do Tmbentley (talk) 04:51, 5 March 2008 (UTC)

Why must you search for nuoc mam misspelled as "nouc mam" to find this page? Should we change the spelling of every non-english word on wikipedia??

I think Garum shouldn't redirect here but ought to have its own independent page discussing solely the roman sauce, its manufacture, use and trade. Salvadorjo 02:12, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * I'd like to see that too. Factitious 04:57, August 12, 2005 (UTC)

I think its good to see the link made between garum and South East Asian fish sauces, but agree a separate page on Garum and Colatura (the modern version of Garum still made in Cetera on the Amalfi Coast south of Naples) would be good.

I've translated the Spanish article on Garum into English and changed the redirect into an article. See what you think! Erudy 17:52, 10 March 2006 (UTC)

 * I put the reference at Pozzolana for Cosa; A.M.McCann was the person doing the Cosa work. The article pointed out that an amphora of wine was costly, but that the condiment garum was dramatically more valuable !  (The ref states that Pliny the Elder said that Garum fetched 10 times the price of the wine.)--MichaelMcAnnisYumaAZMmcannis 18:29, 10 March 2006 (UTC)

 * McCann, A.M. (1994). "The Roman Port of Cosa",(273 BC), Scientific American, Ancient Cities, pp. 92-99, by Anna Marguerite McCann.  Covers, hydraulic concrete, of "Pozzolana mortar" and the 5 piers, of the Cosa harbor, the Lighthouse on pier 5, diagrams, and photographs. Height of Port city: Mmcannis 18:29, 10 March 2006 (UTC)

Garum vs. Liquamen
dysmorodrepanis wrote:
 * Any of the thicker varieties of Southeast Asian fish sauces (like Padek), preferrably from mackerel, would be the modern equivalent of the original Ancient Roman variety for cooking purposes where garum is used, and any thinner sauce (like nước mắm) when liquamen is called for.

The difference between garum and liquamen is not entirely clear. Pretty much all our textual sources say that they are the same thing, but archaeological evidence implies they were originally different. Food scholar Sally Grainger is working on an article on this subject that will argue that liquamen was essentially any fish sauce, but garum was made specifically from blood and intestines of especially desirable fish. WHile mackerel was definitely considered a desirable fish, and whereas one might expect blood-based fish sauce to be especially thick, I don't think this is entirely certain. Furthermore, until Grainger officially publishes her article, we can't use it. Did you have another source? --Iustinus 01:57, 14 December 2005 (UTC)

Thanks for a great article
I'm not sure who is responsible, but I want to express my sincere gratitude to all of the editors that make this article a great one. You seem to have captured the essence of this extraordinary condiment; one that I could not live without. Cheers to all of you. Morton devonshire 00:25, 6 May 2006 (UTC)

hoisin sauce
It might be worth mentioning that "hoisin sauce" is sometimes translated to "fish sauce," but is actually a different condiment altogether (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoisin_sauce).

Surströmming
I think a link to surströmming is needed, but I can't seem to "fit" in the article. Shinobu 04:02, 1 June 2007 (UTC)

Initial paragraph wording.
"However, fish sauce specifically from Philippines are, not customarily used nor designed for immediate consumption a simple heating or thawing of fish sauce does not apply at all." It's difficult for me to parse this sentence. Perhaps it could be worded in a way that's more understandable? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 69.12.177.217 (talk) 22:45, 5 January 2008 (UTC)

What is this sauce?
I went to a sort of pan-Asian restaurant that served what they called "fish sauce" on the side with many dishes. The sauce is transparent, yellow to slightly orange, sweet, salty, thin (not viscous), has no oil floating on top, has a difficult to describe flavor, and they claim it contains no fish. I tend to believe this, because it doesn't taste fishy. What is this sauce? Any idea? I assume it is called "fish sauce" because it is for fish, sort of like duck sauce. Any ideas? Is this kind of sauce common? Thank you.Fluoborate (talk) 05:10, 20 May 2008 (UTC)

 * if the restaurant is vegetarian, sometimes they use a "mock" fish sauce. you can find them in SE asian grocery stores.
 * if the sauce was "slightly orange" and "sweet" however, that sounds more like duck sauce! are you sure it wasn't a duck sauce/fish sauce (mock or otherwise) MIX?  that's quite common in thai restos (not sure about cambo, viet, etc).
 * fish sauce alone is salty salty SALTY! and sort of a pale brown.--66.3.106.2 (talk) 10:46, 9 April 2011 (UTC)
 * For what is worth, duck sauce is Tianmian sauce, the sauce used in Peking duck. Not actually made from ducks. --46.232.120.243 (talk) 08:31, 1 August 2023 (UTC)

Early ketchup was fermented fish sauce before tomato catchup was invented.
Early ketchup was fermented fish sauce before tomato catchup was invented. Perhaps this small fact could be mentioned. wloveral 30 May 2010. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 189.82.243.21 (talk) 21:22, 30 May 2010 (UTC)

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Caption History
It currently reads "Ancient China or Ancient Greece." Suggest changing to "Ancient China AND Ancient Greece?" Facial (talk) 06:10, 9 February 2019 (UTC)

Alternative to sodium
For the record, today, in this edit, user:Timan123 removed this text:
 * In January 2016, the Institute of Food Technologists published a study asserting that the "Vietnamese fish sauce added to chicken broth, tomato sauce and coconut curry reduced the amount of sodium chloride by 10–25 percent while still maintaining the perceived deliciousness, saltiness and overall flavor intensity."

Taiman123 gave this edit summary: "citation is 404 and it doesn't make sense". Actually, I would say it make perfect sense - the point not being that sodium miraculously disappears when fish sauce is added, but that less sodium needs be added to get a palatable dish when fish sauce is also used. Googling e.g "vietnamese fish sauce alternative to sodium" yields several still valid hits from 2016, but I am not sure any of these qualify as a good source, e.g. ScienceDaily being known for churnalism.--Nø (talk) 15:17, 28 September 2020 (UTC)

The working link and the extra clarification is good, I agree with this, thank you. Timan123 (talk) 14:02, 12 January 2022 (UTC) to Nø

title: Talk:Fish sauce


text:
Talk:2005 Sharm El Sheikh bombings

Media Coverage
I wonder why there hasn't been much reporting of this on the cable news networks yet. Compared to the London bombings, this is already quite large.
 * 7 News (NBC) just aired their report on the matter.--Acetic Acid 03:05, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Because that happened in London. Ha --Wooddoo-eng 06:47, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Wooddoo has a very valid point. Last week I heard of a bombing on radio and noticeably cared much less when I heard that the casualties were in Iraq. Which then freaked me out. In any case, this is on the main page now and news reports are starting to roll in, so smile for the camera and let's get to work... --Kizor 08:31, 23 July 2005 (UTC)

Oh, forgot to say -- that was me with the opening comment. Anyway, it *is* a shame that this is probably going to get less coverage due to how it recently happened in London, but I can't help feeling that it's also going to get less coverage since Egypt seems "farther away" (whether geographically or ideologically, from US-mainstream perspective) than London did. I don't know. It seems quite likely that the number of casualties in this one will be twice as much as those in the UK, even though it's still less as it stands than the number of Iraqi civillians who died in a single truck bomb last week. Of course, that received almost *zero* coverage in our media. The whole thing's a shame, but the selectivity of these so-called "news" networks is even worse. I hear about Brad Pitt more these days than I do about Baghdad. LokiCT 12:18, 23 July 2005 (UTC)

The New York Times coverage today demonstrated the same systemic bias: this incident got one column on the front page and a couple of inches after the jump, while events in London received most of the front page (including four color photos) and at least a full page inside. Something about this ought to go in the article. —Charles P. (Mirv) 14:41, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * I don't want to disagree that there's "systemic bias", but keep in mind that it's systemic -- in part a natural outgrowth of a capitalist enterprise, e.g. The New York Times Corporation, serving its customers. Additionally, it's natural that there are many more English-language reporters per square inch based in London, vs. a remote Egyptian tourist resort. Give the major media 24 hours to get their regional staff into Sharm and you'll see an increase in coverage, but it won't ever be on the scale of the London coverage. American readers are also far more likely to a) have relatives or friends in London, b) plan to travel or have traveled there themselves.
 * The tsunami ultimately got that front-page coverage, just not right away. --Dhartung | Talk 18:37, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * The US media is now reporting that Egypt received a vague tip in advance of the attacks that there would be a terrorist attack somewhere in this red Sea resort. The heads of security made a best guess, that the target was the casinos frequented by Israeli tourists, and stepped up security there only.. AlMac|(talk) 05:26, 29 July 2005 (UTC)

This is getting old pretty fast
Sorry, just wanted to say that. --Kizor 08:31, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * I assume you referring to List of terrorist incidents, ie. this sort of thing is happening entirely too often, the authorities of all nations need constructive help by intelligent citizentry on how a better job of prevention can be accomplished, although that might not be a role for Wikipedians through this encyclopaedic effort ... and where would the appropriate place(s) be? AlMac|(talk) 00:35, 25 July 2005 (UTC)

Name
On what basis would anyone make the name of the article less specific? The emerging Wikipedia standard is to use the full date, localized for the format preferred where the attacks took place. Thus, September 11, 2001 attacks and 7 July 2005 London bombings. Now, I made a change, but then I responsibly went around fixing all the redirects I could. Now it's been changed again, and people are not only changing the name for unknown, and probably not very good, reasons, they're not cleaning up after themselves. This kind of help, we don't need. --Dhartung | Talk 15:22, 23 July 2005 (UTC)

 * There is no reason for anything more specific that 2005 Sharm el-Sheikh attacks. 11 September is named such because it is the name generally adopted by people and the media following the incident. The London bombings specify month and day due to two attacks occuring in the same month. Another problem with full date names is the dispute between formatting. I, personally, do not like the form "July 23, 2005" and I'm sure as many people dispise "23 July". There is no reason to have the overspecification and insuing annoyance. --Oldak Quill 17:34, 23 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Okay, you're "annoyed" at things I think you have no business being annoyed at. I'm American and I don't object to (let alone "despise") the use of the European date format for a British event. Are you arguing that we should change the name of 7 July 2005 London bombings to "2005 London bombings" (regardless of the existence of the 21 July article)? What about "2005 U.S. attacks"? A date is a date, it's unmistakable. Try thinking this over using less emotionally-laden words, I would suggest. --Dhartung | Talk 18:29, 23 July 2005 (UTC)

 * I am simply saying there is no easy comprimise between the two formats. "The London bombings specify month and day due to two attacks occuring in the same month" - London bombing articles need to be specific to remain unambiguous, this is not needed here. --Oldak Quill 19:55, 23 July 2005 (UTC)

More precise map?
I originally removed the map of Egypt because I felt a map that didn't spêcifically show the location of Sharm el-Sheikh didn't add much to the article. Circeus 16:29, July 23, 2005 (UTC)

 * How about these maps? (either the "Strait of Tiran" [most detailed], or "Egypt - Sinai Peninsula" [less detailed] map in the linked page). According to the page, those maps are produced by CIA, and therefore are in the public domain. 61.94.149.190 08:51, 24 July 2005 (UTC)

The title
Maybe the title of the article should be changed to exact date, not simply the year. and, maybe I am wrong, but wouldnt it be better to name the title "terrorist bombings" or something else rather than "attacks"? because it is not exactly clear who whom attacked except that it was terrorists and civilians.
 * Attacks is neutral POV; terrorists could be, to someone else, freedom fighters and such. Using loaded terms like that is guaranteed to invite an edit war. Note that even the most notorious terrorist event in all history doesn't use that word.
 * As for the date format, well, you'll have to be careful. Oldak gets annoyed when people use the wrong date format, so you'll have to guess which one won't annoy him. Good luck! --Dhartung | Talk 16:01, 25 July 2005 (UTC)

Categories
I notice this article is in Category:Suicide bombing ... should there be a Category:Car bombing? Looks like the 2002 Bali bombing had a lot in common with this incident, a car bomb aimed at a tourist place. AlMac|(talk) 00:00, 25 July 2005 (UTC)

TfD nomination of Template:Campaignbox al-Qaeda attacks
Template:Campaignbox al-Qaeda attacks has been nominated for deletion. You are invited to comment on the discussion at the template's entry on the Templates for Deletion page. Thank you. --Aude (talk) 16:11, 5 February 2009 (UTC)

The attacks were obvious Mossad attacks according to sources
The 2005 Sharm el-Sheikh attacks were obvious Mossad attacks according to independent sources. The trucks had numberplates / identification needed for Israeli vehicles to cross the border FROM Israel to Egypt. These had been forgot to be removed by the perpetrators. source: Ian Crane, http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=7193024010983572797# This could be verified by egyptian Newspapers. Only UK and US Newspapers reported the incident as "Al Qaida" attacks. The attacks were identified as Israeli revenge for the Egyptian government signing deals with Gaza to extract natural gas, from what would be Gaza terretory if Gaza and Palestine were not occupied, according to sources.
 * All this Israel business has been discredited by #Amndawla Leaks. Gamal Mubarak ordered the attack.  Egypt's SSIS carried it out.  Apparently Gamal Mubarak wanted revenge against the resort owner for cutting him out of part of the Israeli gas deal.

AmnDawla Leaks
AmnDawla Leaks has just revealed that Gamal Mubarak and Egypt State Security were behind the Sharm el-Sheikh resort bombings in 2005.

It appears that Gamal Mubarak motivation for the attacks was damaging the property owned by Hussein Salem because Salem had reduced Mubarak's commission for the Israeli gas deal from 10% to 5%. And I'm sure he didn't mind drumming up more anti-terrorism money form the Americans and persecuting the Bedouins too. Israeli was not involved in the attacks, only Egyptian state security. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 93.204.158.146 (talk) 20:45, 8 March 2011 (UTC)

 * How come is that areas like "Egypt" are always targeted in terrorism attacks???. It's not safe 41.115.33.90 (talk) 13:59, 3 June 2024 (UTC)

Dead link
During several automated bot runs the following external link was found to be unavailable. Please check if the link is in fact down and fix or remove it in that case!

 * http://www.tkb.org/Incident.jsp?incID=24490
 * In 2005 Sharm el-Sheikh attacks on 2011-05-25 08:04:36, 404 Not Found
 * In 2005 Sharm el-Sheikh attacks on 2011-06-12 02:40:46, 404 Not Found

--JeffGBot (talk) 02:41, 12 June 2011 (UTC)

Dead link 2
During several automated bot runs the following external link was found to be unavailable. Please check if the link is in fact down and fix or remove it in that case!

 * http://www.tkb.org/Incident.jsp?incID=24491
 * In 2005 Sharm el-Sheikh attacks on 2011-05-25 08:04:36, 404 Not Found
 * In 2005 Sharm el-Sheikh attacks on 2011-06-12 02:40:56, 404 Not Found

--JeffGBot (talk) 02:41, 12 June 2011 (UTC)

Dead link 3
During several automated bot runs the following external link was found to be unavailable. Please check if the link is in fact down and fix or remove it in that case!

 * http://www.tkb.org/Incident.jsp?incID=24538
 * In 2005 Sharm el-Sheikh attacks on 2011-05-25 08:04:38, 404 Not Found
 * In 2005 Sharm el-Sheikh attacks on 2011-06-12 02:41:07, 404 Not Found

--JeffGBot (talk) 02:41, 12 June 2011 (UTC)

Virus warning
I got a virus warning on source 10, Aljarida. Alexmcfire (talk) 09:39, 4 February 2012 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 1 one external link on 2005 Sharm el-Sheikh bombings. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
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title: Talk:2005 Sharm El Sheikh bombings


text:
California Valley Miwok Tribe

The California Valley Miwok Tribe is a federally recognized tribe of Miwok people in San Joaquin County and Calaveras County, California. They were previously known as the Sheep Ranch Rancheria or the Sheep Ranch Rancheria of Me-Wuk Indian of California. The California Valley Miwok are Sierra Miwok, an Indigenous people of California.

Government
The tribe conducts business from Stockton, California. The current tribal administration is:
 * Silvia Burley, Chairperson
 * Anjelica Paulk, Vice-Chairperson
 * Rashel Reznor, Secretary/Treasurer

According to the tribe's website, it is currently governed by a tribal/general council that meets monthly. Officers are elected for six-year terms, with the tribe electing a vice chairperson in 2015 and both a chairperson and a secretary/treasurer in 2017.

History
Membership of the tribe was very low throughout the 20th century. In 1916, the federal government purchased 0.92 acres at Sheep Ranch, California for the benefit of 12 named members of the tribe. They were described by the Indian agent who arranged the purchase as "the remnant of once quite a large band of Indians in former years living in or near the old decaying mining town known and designated on the map as 'Sheepranch' ". In 1935, the only Indian recorded as living on the ranchería was Jeff Davis. Davis was recorded as voting in favor of the Indian Reorganization Act on June 8, 1912.

By 1966, Mabel Hodge Dixie was identified as the only adult member of the tribe living on the ranchería. The Bureau of Indian Affairs developed a plan to distribute the tribe's assets to her that year under the 1958 California Rancheria Act, but never declared the tribe terminated or treated it as such. In 1994, Mabel's son Yakima Dixie identified himself as "the only descendant and ... recognized member of the Tribe."

Legal and membership disputes since 1999
From the late-1990s there was a long-running dispute over the government, membership and status of the California Valley Miwok Tribe. On August 5, 1998, Yakima Dixie accepted Silvia Burley as a member of the tribe, along with her two daughters and granddaughter. Burley provided information tracing her ancestry to Jeff Davis, who had been listed as the only member of the tribe in a 1913 census; she had contacted Dixie at the suggestion of the Bureau of Indian Affairs. At the time of Burley's admission in 1998, the tribe was not "organized" as defined by the Indian Reorganization Act, and the BIA recommended that, given its small size, the tribe should form a general council, a simpler structure than formal organization.

A general council of all adult citizens was formed on November 5, 1998, and by late 1999 a dispute had arisen between Burley and Dixie. Between 1999 and 2010, each party appealed to the BIA to support its view and to intervene on the grounds that the other had not involved the "whole tribal community" of both enrolled citizens and potentially enrolled citizens. For much of this period, the BIA took the view that it had a duty to intervene in the tribe's affairs on behalf of potentially enrolled citizens of the tribe. In this respect, the BIA became the adjudicator between the claims of the competing parties, determining which decisions were valid and which members constituted the tribe's government. In a December 22, 2010 decision, the BIA completely reversed its opinion, deciding that it had no obligation to represent the interests of potentially enrolled tribe members, and that therefore the BIA was free to wash its hands of involvement. the BIA advised the parties that, "continuing this imprudent dispute risks potential adverse consequences well beyond the Tribe and its descendants". The BIA noted that "it is equitably appropriate for the CVMT to reach out to potential citizens..." but that it is not a duty of the federal government to impose this requirement on the tribe. This decision was reaffirmed by Larry Echo Hawk, assistant secretary of Indian Affairs, in a detailed letter to the parties on August 31, 2011.

The California Gambling Control Commission made distributions to the tribe worth $1.1 million per year from the Indian Gaming Revenue Sharing Trust Fund from July 2000 through August 2005. Following the BIA's intervention in the tribe's affairs, the CGCC decided to cease distributions to the California Valley Miwok Tribe and instead to hold them in trust. In a 2007 letter, the commission told the tribe it would release the funds after the BIA recognized the governing body and the tribe resolved its leadership dispute. However, the funds were not released following the 2011 BIA decision to recognize Burley as the tribe's chair, prompting Burley to sue the commission in state and federal courts. A non-member of the tribe, Chadd Everone, who describes himself as a "deputy and consul general" for Yakima Dixie, has countersued to prevent distribution of the funds to Burley's group, contending that Dixie never resigned as chair of the tribe. Court filings by Burley's group claim that Everone is manipulating Dixie and wants to use the gaming distributions "as security" to attract outside investors for a project to build a tribal casino. They allege that Everone intends to bring the tribe under his own control with Dixie as a "puppet" chair of the tribe.

title: California Valley Miwok Tribe


text:
Wikipedia:Featured article candidates/Yola language/archive1

Yola language
I am nominating Yola language because I found it fascinating and I learned a lot from it. In all my linguistic studies I had never heard of such a thing, so I guess you could say I really learned something about this "other" branch of Middle English that missed out on the Great Vowel shift! I feel this is some of the best of wikipedia; hence my nomination. Codex Sinaiticus 02:17, 23 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Oppose for now. Every FA has a list of references at the end; while sometimes I don't see why it's necessary, this is not one of them. This is crying out for a bibliography. It's a great start, but I'd work on it some more and put it through peer review before I came back here. Daniel Case 03:09, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Object 1) Cite your sources in a References section. 2) There is no lead section. 3) The article needs a map showing where the language is used. 4) The Yola song section, that appears to be only song lyrics, is longer than the rest of the prose.  Compare this to other featured articles about languages such as Laal language, Nafaanra language or Gbe languages. slambo 15:06, July 23, 2005 (UTC)
 * Okay, we've got a lead section now, but with so little else in the article, it does not appear to be comprehensive enough compared to other featured articles about languages. slambo 17:25, July 25, 2005 (UTC)
 * Object Three paragraphs of prose does not make a featured article. Whilst probably the literature on the language is limited, we can surely do better than this.  Morwen - Talk 20:19, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment. There is a language template that has been successfully applied to most of the recent language FAs. It's not entirely applicable to extinct languages, but most of it is. Besides being way too short, the following (full-blown) sections need to be added before we can even think of renominating it:
 * History
 * Classification
 * Grammar
 * Sounds
 * Geographic distribution (or something like it)
 * Vocabulary
 * Peter Isotalo 10:23, 24 July 2005 (UTC)


text:
Ione Band of Miwok Indians

The Ione Band of Miwok Indians is a federally recognized tribe of Miwok people in Amador County, California. As of the 2010 census the population was only 5.

Government
The Ione Band conducts business from Plymouth, California. The tribe is led by an elected council. The current tribal administration is as follows.
 * Chairperson: Sara Dutschke Setshwaelo.
 * Vice Chairman: Tracy Tripp.
 * Secretary: Christine Hendricks.
 * Treasurer: Sandra Waters
 * Member at Large: George Gurion.

History
Miwok people lived in over a hundred villages along the Sacramento and San Joaquin Rivers, as well as north of the San Francisco Bay area east into the foothills of the Sierra Nevada. Ione Miwok oral history says the tribe comes from the Buena Vista Peaks, south of Ione, California, when the Sacramento Valley was covered by water.

European contact came in the 19th century, when Spanish explorers descended upon Miwok lands. They enslaved thousands of Native Americans during the mission system period. Smallpox and other epidemics hit the Miwok between 1820 and 1840, which drastically reduced the Native American population. Before the Spanish first landed on California soil, there were about 22,000 Miwoks within the region; today there are about 750.

John Sutter built his fort in 1839 and continued enslaving Indians. He raided around Ione. The 1848–50 California Gold Rush brought an onslaught of non-Native people into the region. This massive inflow of people seeking fortune lead to settlers invading their land in the Sierra foothills; many of their hunting and gathering areas were then occupied. This led to extremely violent and even deadly clashes between the immigrants and the Indians.

Spurred by the violence created by the newcomers onto indigenous Californians' lands, the United States federal government negotiated three treaties with the Ione Miwok. The US Congress never ratified the treaties, and the public did not learn about them until 1905. They were pushed off their ancestral lands and denied human rights or protection. This forced the Miwok people into homelessness, forced to develop a new lifestyle with means to survive. Some were able to survive by relocating and uniting with neighboring tribes in the Sierra foothills, which created amalgamated (merged groups of Native Americans) or by working as laborers on ranches.

A 1915 Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) census revealed 101 homeless Miwok people living around Ione. These would become the Jackson Rancheria, Buena Vista Rancheria, and Ione Band of Miwok Indians. The US tried and failed to create a 40-acre Indian rancheria for the Ione Miwok. Families settled on the land, and finally in 1972, the land was awarded to 12 individuals and other members of the Ione Miwok, but not collectively to the tribe. Negotiations and legal struggles over land ownership and tribal recognition continued for decades.

In 1994, Ada Deer wrote that the Ione Band of Miwok Indians was in fact recognized by the federal government. The Ione Miwok elected a tribal council in 1996. They ratified a constitution that was approved by the BIA in 2002 and held another election in 2003.

In 2012, the BIA approved an application by the tribe to put 228 acres of land in Amador County in trust.

In 2015, two court cases were settled in favor of the Ione Band of Miwok Indians allowing the 228.04-acre transfer to proceed.

Language
The Miwok people lived peacefully for thousand of years throughout large portions of Northern and Central California. Originally, they were constituted of three main groups, which included: the Sierra Miwok, Lake Miwok, and Coast Miwok. Traditional territory of their ancestors included the Sierra Nevada foothills and Central California. The languages they have been classified as speaking are the Nisean language. Northern Miwok and Plains Miwok languages have been grouped in the Penutian language family. Most of them still live in Central California today on "Rancherias", which are similar to reservations. However, some do not live on the Rancherias, but in intertribal communities where there are members of other tribes, while others reside in Northern California towns. Today, the Miwok people speak English, but in the past they spoke their native "Miwok language", also known as Moquelumnan. Some elders still remember words from the language and younger people also take an interest in learning/speaking their native language again. However, overall, it is an endangered language.

Culture and economy
Traditionally, each Miwok band was led by a chief, who was typically a male. In some bands, chiefdom was hereditary and other clans elders would choose who would be the preceding chief. The Miwok tribe was made up of hunters, gatherers, and fishers. Their diets included acorns that could be made into various dishes such as soups, cakes, and bread. They hunted deer, black bear, elk, fowl, and small game such as rabbits, fish or quail. They also collected a number of foods available to them such as buckeye nuts, berries, mushrooms, and other greens. The weapons they used included spears, slings, knives, clubs, and bows and arrows. Their traditional clothing incorporated loincloths woven from grass or bark fibers and animal hides, fur robes, and kilts during the colder seasons for the men. Women traditionally wore front/back aprons created from the shredded willow bark, and their dresses usually were about calf length decorated with ornaments, tassels, shells, and quills. Like the men, they too wore fur robes in the winter and both genders wore moccasins during the cold weather and men would normally be barefoot if warm enough outside. More ceremonial attire consisted of headdresses, flicker headbands, that were made of the longest and narrowest flicker quill wing feathers. The colors were dark pink or yellow and sewn together with darker brown feathers to create the headband that would be tied from the back. Their styles also included body adornments; most of them wore ear and nose embellishments. They also practiced tattooing and developed the white paint from chalk deposits and the black from charcoal. This resulted in the black and white face and body painting that was often applied in horizontal lines. These tattoos and body adornments made the Miwok tribe very unique and distinctive. In the past, the Miwoks lived in tule houses that were usually made up of cone-shaped frames of wooden poles placed over a hold that is dug into the ground. The frame would be covered by mats woven by tule reeds and were kept insulated by packing dirt over it. Today, they live in modern houses/apartments. The children of the Miwok used to have many chores and little time to play. Today they commonly go hunting or fishing with their fathers. Back then, a popular game for free time was "shinny". This is an athletic game much like rugby and lacrosse. The younger children played a "skipping stone" game, which is similar to the game "jacks". Miwok girls also played with dolls, just like young girls commonly do today. Their culture heavily ties with their sacred ceremonies and beliefs. They commonly prayed and offered thanks to their spirits. They believed everything in the world obtained a spiritual power, such as plants, animals, rocks, and trees. Therefore, they often only took what they needed and did not like to waste anything from their sacred land. They held high respects for animals and showed this through their imitation dances and mythical legends about the animals and their people's connection. Dancing was very important to them and they performed in many occasions: when giving thanks, celebrating, and also in hopes of curing for the sick as well as prayers for the dead. They had musical instruments that consisted of elderberry flutes, drums, cocoon rattles, clappers, and whistles. As for economics, Coast and Lake Miwok used clamshell beads. They often traveled west to gather marine sources such as clamshells and seaweed. Today, the Ione Band is still seeking future establishment of a gambling facility (casino) near Plymouth, California. The Ione Band's casino is in support of the tribe's government operations, programs, and general tribal members with the revenue from the casino. Furthermore, The Ione Band is actively searching for future economic development to help the tribe.

title: Ione Band of Miwok Indians


text:
Shingle Springs Band of Miwok Indians

The Shingle Springs Band of Miwok Indians, Shingle Springs Rancheria (Verona Tract), California is a federally recognized tribe.

Government
The Shingle Springs Band of Miwok Indians is an independent, sovereign tribal government led by an elected Tribal Council.
 * Tribal chairwoman: Regina Cuellar
 * Tribal vice-chair: Malissa Tayaba
 * Council member: Daniel Burnett
 * Council member: Jacky Calanchini
 * Council member: Allan Campbell
 * Council member: Pat Cuellar
 * Council member: Brian Fonseca

Reservation
The Shingle Springs Rancheria (38.69667°N, -120.905°W) is located in El Dorado County, California. It lies in the heart of Nisenan or southern Maidu territory Nearby communities are Shingle Springs and Diamond Springs.

On June 14, 2013, Rep. Tom McClintock introduced into the United States House of Representatives the bill to authorize the Secretary of the Interior to take certain Federal lands located in El Dorado County, California, into trust for the benefit of the Shingle Springs Band of Miwok Indians (H.R. 2388; 113th Congress). The bill would take specified federal land in El Dorado County, into trust for the Shingle Springs Band of Miwok Indians. The United States Secretary of the Interior would be responsible for carrying this out. The United States Department of the Interior provided the following background information about the situation when it testified about the bill before the Subcommittee on Indian and Alaska Native Affairs of the House Natural Resources Committee: "On December 16, 1916, the Secretary of the Interior purchased the 160-acre Shingle Springs Rancheria east of Sacramento in El Dorado County, California at the request of the Sacramento-Verona Band of Miwok Indians. Today's members of the Shingle Springs Rancheria are descendants of the Miwok and Maidu Indians who once lived in this region. Currently, there are approximately 500 enrolled members of the Tribe, with about 140 living on the Rancheria. The tribe has expressed an interest in expanding the Rancheria by adding adjacent BLM-managed lands for improved access and additional residential housing for the tribe."

Education
The ranchería is served by the Mother Lode Union Elementary School District and El Dorado Union High School District.

Notable tribal citizens

 * Harry Fonseca (1946–2006), painter

title: Shingle Springs Band of Miwok Indians


text:
Category:Radio stations in Mississippi

Radio stations in the U.S. state of Mississippi.

title: Category:Radio stations in Mississippi


text:
Orbiter (comics)

Orbiter is a graphic novel by Warren Ellis and Colleen Doran, published in 2003 by DC Comics under their Vertigo imprint.

Ellis and Doran, both spaceflight enthusiasts, dedicated Orbiter to the "lives, memories and legacies" of the astronauts who died in the 2003 Columbia disaster.

Synopsis
Ten years after the Space Shuttle Venture mysteriously disappeared, it returns. Of its original crew of seven, only one remains — and he is catatonic; also, there is sand from Mars in the shuttle's landing gear and the vessel itself appears to now have skin. Three specialists are brought in to investigate the Venture and its occupant, to find out what happened.

Reception
Publishers Weekly compared "Orbiter"'s narrative structure to Ellis's earlier work Planetary, and commended Ellis for giving the story "emotional depth". Claude Lalumiere praised "Orbiter" for its "sincerity, its passionate engagement, and the bold inventiveness of its ideas", but overall considered that the plot moved too smoothly, with insufficient conflict; he also criticized Doran's portrayal of emotion. IGN's Hilary Goldstein concluded that the book "isn't for everyone", but emphasized its appeal to "dreamers and space cadets".

Publication history
The graphic novel was first published as a hardcover by Vertigo in April 2003 (ISBN 1-4012-0056-7) and as a softcover by Little Brown in May 2004 (ISBN 1-4012-0268-3). Titan Books published a British softcover in June 2004 (ISBN 1840237244).

title: Orbiter (comics)


text:
User talk:Parzival~enwiki

Welcome from Redwolf24
Welcome!

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. We as a community are glad to have you and thank you for creating a user account! Here are a few good links for newcomers:
 * The Five Pillars of Wikipedia
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Yes some of the links appear a bit boring at first, but they are VERY helpful if you ever take the time to read them.

Remember to place any articles you create into a category so we don't get orphans.

I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, please be sure to sign your name on Talk and vote pages using four tildes (~~~~) to produce your name and the current date, or three tildes (~~~) for just your name. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my Talk page. Again, welcome.

Redwolf24 (Talk) 02:16, 23 July 2005 (UTC)

P.S. I like messages :-P

image:UnionStation.jpg may be deleted
Just a courtesy note that I replaced your pic of South Bend Union Station with the one (Image:South-bend-union-station.jpg) on Commons. The picture you loaded did not include a free license template, so I have marked it Unknown, which means it will likely be deleted unless you add a valid license. --Tysto 19:58, 2005 August 16 (UTC)

Image:Vimy Ridge 01.jpg listed for deletion
An image or media file that you uploaded, Image:Vimy Ridge 01.jpg, has been listed at Images and media for deletion. Please look there to see why this is (you may have to search for the title of the image to find its entry), if you are interested in it not being deleted. Thank you. Admrboltz (T | C) 22:36, 16 January 2006 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of Morgan Melloh

The article Morgan Melloh has been proposed for deletion because it appears to have no references. Under Wikipedia policy, all newly created biographies of living persons must have at least one reference to a reliable source that directly supports material in the article.

If you created the article, please don't be offended. Instead, consider improving the article. For help on inserting references, see Referencing for beginners, or ask at the help desk. Once you have provided at least one reliable source, you may remove the prod blp tag. Please do not remove the tag unless the article is sourced. If you cannot provide such a source within ten days, the article may be deleted, but you can when you are ready to add one. The-Pope (talk) 14:10, 7 June 2012 (UTC)

Speedy deletion nomination of Washington rebellion

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Although everyone is welcome to contribute to Wikipedia, introducing inappropriate pages, such as Washington rebellion, is not in accordance with our policies. If you would like to experiment, please use the sandbox. The page has been nominated for deletion, in accordance with Wikipedia's criteria for speedy deletion.

If you think this page should not be deleted for this reason, you may contest the nomination by visiting the page and clicking the button labelled "Click here to contest this speedy deletion". This will give you the opportunity to explain why you believe the page should not be deleted. However, be aware that once a page is tagged for speedy deletion, it may be removed without delay. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag from the page yourself, but do not hesitate to add information in line with Wikipedia's policies and guidelines.  Alex discussion ★ 02:37, 27 November 2013 (UTC)

Speedy deletion nomination of Pennsylvania Rebellion

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Although everyone is welcome to contribute to Wikipedia, introducing inappropriate pages, such as Pennsylvania Rebellion, is not in accordance with our policies. If you would like to experiment, please use the sandbox. The page has been nominated for deletion, in accordance with Wikipedia's criteria for speedy deletion.

If you think this page should not be deleted for this reason, you may contest the nomination by visiting the page and clicking the button labelled "Click here to contest this speedy deletion". This will give you the opportunity to explain why you believe the page should not be deleted. However, be aware that once a page is tagged for speedy deletion, it may be removed without delay. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag from the page yourself, but do not hesitate to add information in line with Wikipedia's policies and guidelines.  Alex discussion ★ 02:37, 27 November 2013 (UTC)

Nomination of Pennsylvania Rebellion for deletion
A discussion is taking place as to whether the article Pennsylvania Rebellion is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or whether it should be deleted.

The article will be discussed at Articles for deletion/Pennsylvania Rebellion until a consensus is reached, and anyone is welcome to contribute to the discussion. The nomination will explain the policies and guidelines which are of concern. The discussion focuses on high-quality evidence and our policies and guidelines.

Users may edit the article during the discussion, including to improve the article to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion notice from the top of the article.  Alex discussion ★ 02:48, 27 November 2013 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Parzival. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Parzival~enwiki that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name. If you think you might own all of the accounts with this name and this message is in error, please visit Special:MergeAccount to check and attach all of your accounts to prevent them from being renamed.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 02:18, 20 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 17:26, 22 April 2015 (UTC)

File source problem with File:Union Station.gif
Thank you for uploading File:Union Station.gif. I noticed that the file's description page currently doesn't specify who created the content, so the copyright status is unclear. If you did not create this file yourself, you will need to specify the owner of the copyright. If you obtained it from a website, please add a link to the page from which it was taken, together with a brief restatement of the website's terms of use of its content. If the original copyright holder is a party unaffiliated with the website, that author should also be credited. Please add this information by editing the image description page.

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title: User talk:Parzival~enwiki


text:
Crooked Fingers (album)

Crooked Fingers is the first studio album by the indie rock band Crooked Fingers. It was released in 2000 via WARM Records. The album was recorded by Eric Bachmann in Seattle, Washington, at Ft. Lawton and Denise Maupin's.

Critical reception
The Edmonton Journal wrote that "Bachmann mixes a tint of twang with gruff vocals and dark lyrics... He's slightly more upbeat and articulate than Tom Waits, but not as nihilistic as Nick Cave."

Track listing

 * 1) "Crowned in Chrome" - 3:43
 * 2) "New Drink for the Old Drunk" - 3:52
 * 3) "Pigeon Kicker" - 3:18
 * 4) "Man Who Died of Nothing at All" - 2:54
 * 5) "Broken Man" - 6:31
 * 6) "Black Black Ocean" - 4:29
 * 7) "Juliette" - 4:39
 * 8) "She Spread Her Legs and Flew Away" - 3:13
 * 9) "Under Sad Stars" - 5:42
 * 10) "Little Bleeding" - 6:06

title: Crooked Fingers (album)


text:
User talk:Avernar

Welcome from Redwolf24
Welcome!

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Redwolf24 (Talk) 02:16, 23 July 2005 (UTC)

P.S. I like messages :-P

Jury Nullification
High Avernar, do you have more details on that case you mentioned regarding jury nullification such as a web link? --Mike 16:36, 28 October 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:Avernar


text: User talk:81.79.14.79

title: User talk:81.79.14.79


text:
Talk:Autotomy

Geckos and lizards? Geckos -are- lizards.

Can lizards shed regenerated tails? How many times can this be done? Drutt 14:18, 11 March 2007 (UTC)

Homo sapiens regrowensis?:
There should be a paragraph on why humans and animals of higher class do not have this ability to grow back limbs and organs like the geckos. I know this difference is not yet entirely understood, but the topic is very interesting for the 21st century, e.g. stem cells, organ cloning, etc. Looks like artificial (metal-ceramic-plastic-cybernetic) replacement organs do not work well. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 82.131.210.162 (talk) 09:20, 16 February 2007 (UTC).

Spider copulation
http://www.sciam.com/article.cfm?chanID=sa003&articleID=F3C4DB61E5087D3C0B6B7EF7209075F0

A new study by German scientists of spiders' copulation techniques found that males leave part of their sex organ inside their female partner as a sort of "chastity belt" to deter rivals. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 67.48.92.128 (talk) 02:14, 19 March 2007 (UTC).

Bad sentence
The following sentence from the article is grammatically awkward, if not simply incorrect. I'm not sure how it should be changed to improve it while retaining its intended meaning:
 * "No other stinging insect has the sting apparatus modified this way, including yellowjacket wasps, which also have barbed stings, but workers of all species of true honey bees (genus Apis)."

- dcljr (talk) 11:55, 31 December 2007 (UTC)

I have revised the sentence by deleting reference to the two specific wasp species, (as, by implication, they are included in "no other stinging insect").Fh1 (talk) 09:03, 19 January 2022 (UTC)

File:White-headed dwarf gecko.jpg to appear as POTD soon
Hello! This is a note to let the editors of this article know that File:White-headed dwarf gecko.jpg will be appearing as picture of the day on December 8, 2011. You can view and edit the POTD blurb at Template:POTD/2011-12-08. If this article needs any attention or maintenance, it would be preferable if that could be done before its appearance on the Main Page so Wikipedia doesn't look bad. :) Thanks!  howcheng  {chat} 20:00, 7 December 2011 (UTC)

First sentence in vertebrates section
I think one ref per species would be sufficient. As the sentence stands now the amount of citations looks unsightly. Kap 7 (talk) 23:56, 28 February 2014 (UTC)

External links modified
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How do nerves and muscles 'detach'
I get how a weak spot in a vertebral column can be broken, but what about ALL the OTHER STUFF? There are nerves and muscles, and lymphatic systems and blood vessels and skin; how does all that detach, and further, how does it stay together in the interim?

2600:1700:4CA1:3C80:3589:B1CD:F44D:4B3F (talk) 03:34, 16 January 2018 (UTC)

title: Talk:Autotomy


text:
User talk:Waffle

Welcome from Redwolf24
Welcome!

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. We as a community are glad to have you and thank you for creating a user account! Here are a few good links for newcomers:
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Yes some of the links appear a bit boring at first, but they are VERY helpful if you ever take the time to read them.

Remember to place any articles you create into a category so we don't get orphans.

I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, please be sure to sign your name on Talk and vote pages using four tildes (~~~~) to produce your name and the current date, or three tildes (~~~) for just your name. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my Talk page. Again, welcome.

Redwolf24 (Talk) 02:22, 23 July 2005 (UTC)

P.S. I like messages :-P

Hi!
Hello, I'm Mountain Girl 77. You can call me pretty much whatever you want except for bad names. I can help you around if you like. I may not be as helpful as some other people, but gimme a hoot or a holler on my page! Bye.Mountain Girl 77 (talk) 00:12, 7 August 2011 (UTC)

A kitten for you!
Hope you like it! Be my friend???

Mountain Girl 77 (talk) 00:15, 7 August 2011 (UTC)

"Caiman (Star Fox)" listed at Redirects for discussion
A discussion is taking place to address the redirect Caiman (Star Fox). The discussion will occur at Redirects for discussion/Log/2021 May 15 until a consensus is reached, and anyone, including you, is welcome to contribute to the discussion. Regards, SONIC  678  07:41, 15 May 2021 (UTC)

title: User talk:Waffle


text:
Crowsnest Mountain

Crowsnest Mountain is a mountain in the southern Canadian Rockies of southwestern Alberta, Canada. It can be seen from Alberta Highway 3 west of the town of Coleman in the Crowsnest Pass. The mountain was originally named by the Ktunaxa First Nations due to ravens nesting in the area. The scrambling route on the north side was first ascended in 1915.

Geology
The grey rocks exposed in the cliffs on the upper part of Crowsnest Mountain are limestones and shales of Late Devonian to Early Mississippian age (the Palliser at the base, overlain by the Exshaw and Banff, with the Livingstone Formation at the summit). They were moved up from the west along the Lewis thrust fault and emplaced over younger rocks (the Late Cretaceous Belly River Formation) that underlie the wooded lower slopes of the mountain. During that movement they were formed into a broad syncline by fault-bend folding.

The Devonian to Mississippian rocks are part of the Lewis thrust sheet which was originally continuous from the High Rock Range immediately to the west. The thrust sheet has since been cut through by erosion along Allison Creek, however, leaving Crowsnest Mountain and its northerly neighbour, Seven Sisters Mountain, standing together as an isolated klippe.

title: Crowsnest Mountain


text:
User talk:Mr.Smith999999

Welcome from Redwolf24
Welcome!

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. We as a community are glad to have you and thank you for creating a user account! Here are a few good links for newcomers:
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 * If you're ready for the complete list of Wikipedia documentation, there's also Topical index.

Yes some of the links appear a bit boring at first, but they are VERY helpful if you ever take the time to read them.

Remember to place any articles you create into a category so we don't get orphans.

I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, please be sure to sign your name on Talk and vote pages using four tildes (~~~~) to produce your name and the current date, or three tildes (~~~) for just your name. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my Talk page. Again, welcome.

Redwolf24 (Talk) 02:23, 23 July 2005 (UTC)

P.S. I like messages :-P

title: User talk:Mr.Smith999999


text: Talk:Crowsnest Mountain

title: Talk:Crowsnest Mountain


text:
John R. Steel

John Robert Steel (born October 30, 1948) is an American set theorist at University of California, Berkeley (formerly at UCLA). He has made many contributions to the theory of inner models and determinacy. With Donald A. Martin, he proved projective determinacy, assuming the existence of sufficient large cardinals. He earned his Ph.D. in Logic & the Methodology of Science at Berkeley in 1977 under the joint supervision of John West Addison Jr. and Stephen G. Simpson.

Awards
In 1988, the Association for Symbolic Logic awarded him, Donald A. Martin and W. Hugh Woodin the Karp Prize for their work on the consistency of determinacy relative to large cardinals. In 2015, the European Set Theory Society awarded him and Ronald Jensen the Hausdorff Medal for their paper "K without the measurable".

In 2012, Steel held the Gödel Lecture titled The hereditarily ordinal definable sets in models of determinacy.

title: John R. Steel


text:
User talk:SogeKing~enwiki

Thanks for experimenting with Wikipedia. Your test worked, and has been reverted or removed. Please use the sandbox for any other tests you want to do. Take a look at the welcome page if you would like to learn more about contributing to our encyclopedia. Thanks. Redwolf24 02:40, 23 July 2005 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called SogeKing. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name SogeKing~enwiki that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name. If you think you might own all of the accounts with this name and this message is in error, please visit Special:MergeAccount to check and attach all of your accounts to prevent them from being renamed.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 02:47, 20 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 19:02, 22 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:SogeKing~enwiki


text:
Talk:List of Commonwealth heads of government

Untitled
A lot of these are inaccurate - heads of state, not HOGs. Guettarda 02:24, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Ok, fixed, I think. Guettarda 03:39, 23 July 2005 (UTC)

Head of state for India should be President and not PM --Sudhi47 (talk) 11:50, 10 February 2012 (UTC)

The Gambia.
The Gambia needs to be included, as Adama Barrow is now a Commonwealth head of state. - (101.98.104.241 (talk) 00:50, 9 February 2018 (UTC))

Maldives.
President Solih of the Maldives is now a Commonwealth head of government, as the Maldives returned to its status as a Commonwealth republic an hour after Brexit - (124.197.55.28 (talk) 04:03, 3 February 2020 (UTC))

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