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Joe Courtney (politician)

Joseph David Courtney (born April 6, 1953) is an American lawyer and politician serving as the U.S. representative for Connecticut's 2nd congressional district since 2007. His district encompasses most of the eastern third of the state, including Norwich and New London. A member of the Democratic Party, Courtney served as the Connecticut state representative for the 56th district from 1987 to 1995 and Vernon town attorney from 2003 until 2006.

Early life and education
Courtney grew up in suburban Hartford. In 1975, he graduated from Tufts University. He earned a J.D. degree from the University of Connecticut School of Law in 1978.

Early career
After graduating from law school, Courtney worked as a public defender for three years. He became a partner in the law firm Flaherty, Meisler and Courtney, and also served as Town Attorney in Vernon, Connecticut, where he lives.

From 1987 to 1994, Courtney served in the Connecticut House of Representatives, representing Connecticut's 56th district. He chaired the Public Health and Human Service Committee and oversaw the Blue Ribbon Commission on Universal Health Insurance. In 1994, Connecticut Magazine honored him for his bipartisan efforts in the state house.

In 1998, after four years out of office, Courtney made an unsuccessful bid for lieutenant governor. In 2002, he ran for Congress against incumbent Republican Rob Simmons. Courtney did not announce his candidacy or raise money until September 2001; by that time, Simmons had more than $500,000 in campaign funding. Simmons defeated Courtney in the November election, 54% to 46%.

2006
Courtney challenged Simmons again in 2006, in a race that political strategists projected would be very close. Courtney was declared the winner on Election Day; initial tallies showed him ahead by 167 votes, out of more than 242,000 votes. Under Connecticut law the race qualified for an automatic re-canvass because the winning margin was less than 0.5%. When the recount concluded on November 14, Courtney had 91 votes more than Simmons. The Washington Post later said that the final margin was 83 votes. It was the tightest congressional race of 2006.

2008
Courtney's 2008 Republican challenger was the former commanding officer of the Naval Submarine Base New London, Sean Sullivan. Courtney won the election by a two-to-one margin.

On May 21, 2008, Courtney announced his endorsement of then-U.S. Senator Barack Obama for president.

2010
Courtney was reelected, defeating Republican Janet Peckinpaugh, Green Party nominee Scott Deshefy, and Libertarian Party write-in Dan Reale.

2014
Courtney defeated Republican Lori Hopkins-Cavanagh, a business owner and radio show host from New London, Connecticut.

2016
In 2016, Courtney defeated Republican Daria Novak, Green Party candidate Jonathan Pelto and Libertarian Dan Reale. Novak co-hosted a weekly cable television show, "American Political Zone", and a nationally syndicated radio show, "Vernuccio-Novak Report."

2018
In April 2018, Dan Postemski, an Iraq War veteran and chair of the Hampton Republican Town Committee, announced his plans to challenge Courtney in the 2018 election. Postemski said that he wanted "to bring common sense to budgeting" and that he was "a strong supporter of the 2nd amendment" and would "fight to the death to save it." In a reference to Courtney's participation in a gun-control sit-in, Postemski said, "Joe Courtney has literally sat down on the job, right on the floor of the House. That’s not how a leader makes change." Courtney was reelected by more than 20 points.

Tenure
In August 2009, Courtney was criticized for holding a teleconference with voters about health care instead of an in-person town hall. Richard Hanley, graduate journalism director at Quinnipiac University, complained that part of Courtney's job "is to wade into the muck of the process as it is, not as we would like it to be."

Courtney has branded himself as bipartisan and has blamed various government crises on failure to "support a real compromise." In 2012, he said that though recent budget cuts to education were a "little heavy" and the Budget Control Act "ham-handed," he voted for them in a spirit of compromise. "It took guys like me to cross the aisle and make sure we didn't fall off the tracks there as a country," Courtney said.

After seeing Steven Spielberg's film Lincoln in February 2013, Courtney wrote Spielberg a letter pointing out that although the film showed Connecticut House members voting against the 13th Amendment, which abolished slavery, in fact the state's entire congressional delegation had supported the amendment. He asked Spielberg for some kind of acknowledgment of the error, perhaps on the DVD. "It's important that people be aware who saw this movie that we were a state that lost soldiers, were staunch supporters of Lincoln in both elections and, in the case of the Democrat from New Haven, actually voted against his party in support of the amendment," said Courtney, who made his letter public. "The state's good name, I personally feel, was tarnished a bit." His criticism, in the words of the Washington Post, "played well back home in Connecticut", where it occasioned "a number of grateful newspaper editorials", but "set off alarms in showbiz circles: Ballots had just gone out to Oscar voters. Was the congressman trying to influence the Academy Awards in favor of another contender?" The Post noted that "Courtney had a debt to Ben Affleck", who had campaigned for him and whose film Argo was up against Lincoln for Best Picture.

In March 2015, after receiving two phone calls at home from scammers impersonating IRS agents demanding payment of owed taxes, Courtney warned his constituents to be wary of such scams.

A golf game Courtney played with President Obama was highlighted on NPR in June 2015.

In response to purported Republican hostility toward Muslims, Democratic National Committee Vice Chair Debbie Wasserman Schultz urged Democratic members of Congress to invite Muslims as their guests to Obama's State of the Union address in January 2016. Accordingly, Courtney invited Mohammed Qureshi, president of the Baitul Aman Mosque, an Ahmadiyya house of worship in Connecticut. The invitation garnered considerable media attention.

Political positions
As of 2022, Courtney had voted with President Joe Biden's stated position 100% of the time, according to FiveThirtyEight.

Taxes
In a statement responding to the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017, Courtney called it "one gigantic gift for corporations and the wealthiest Americans in exchange for next to nothing for average middle-class and working families."

Gun control
Along with other members of Congress who demanded that the House pass stricter gun-control legislation, Courtney took part in a sit-in on the House floor on June 22, 2016.

Health care
In 2010, Courtney was the leading voice in the House against the so-called "Cadillac tax" on high-dollar health plans, part of the funding proposed for the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act.

Iraq War
In March 2008, Courtney called U.S. policy in Iraq "two-headed." While the Bush administration asked troops "to serve and sacrifice on behalf of Iraq's fledgling government," Iraqi leaders were friendly with Iran. "The White House," he wrote, "needs to work with Congress to construct a reasonable long term security agreement with Iraq that address Iraq's relations with Iran."

Iran nuclear deal
On August 6, 2015, Courtney issued a statement in support of Obama's Iran deal, officially known as the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action. "I believe that the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action is the best option for our nation and the international community to prevent Iran from gaining a nuclear weapons capability," he wrote.

When President Trump decided to withhold certification of the Iran nuclear agreement, Courtney issued a statement in which he claimed that Trump's move "directly contradicts the opinion of our nation's highest military leadership" and "puts us at odds with our closest allies such as the U.K., France and Germany, and undermines our country's ability to credibly execute a multilateral diplomatic resolution of the crisis in the Korean peninsula."

Israel
Courtney voted to provide Israel with support following 2023 Hamas attack on Israel.

Military
Courtney is known for his success at delivering funding for his district's submarine bases, and has acquired the nickname "Two-Sub Joe" for having made possible the construction of two new submarines. In 2016, the Hartford Courant endorsed him primarily because he had "brought home defense jobs."

Trump travel ban
In March 2017, Courtney protested Trump's revised executive order temporarily restricting travel from six Muslim-majority countries. He maintained that America's "moderate allies from Muslim-majority nations" had "repeatedly warned President Trump that these rash orders damage our standing to lead the anti-ISIS coalition" and that the executive order would result in a "backlash...overseas." Courtney added that the U.S. is "a nation of opportunity and a nation of immigrants, and this blanket ban on entry from six nations could mean that best and the brightest from those countries, and other Muslim-majority countries will no longer view the United States as an option for making a better life. This ban is not only a prize propaganda tool for terrorists who want to hurt us, it hurts American prestige abroad, and harms American businesses, schools, and institutions that rely on the hard work of immigrants from around the world, including these six countries."

Syria
In 2023, Courtney voted against H.Con.Res. 21 which directed President Joe Biden to remove U.S. troops from Syria within 180 days.

Committee assignments
For the 118th Congress:
 * Committee on Armed Services
 * Subcommittee on Seapower and Projection Forces (Ranking Member)
 * Subcommittee on Tactical Air and Land Forces
 * Committee on Education and the Workforce
 * Subcommittee on Health, Employment, Labor, and Pensions
 * Subcommittee on Higher Education and Workforce Development

Caucus memberships

 * Congressional Arts Caucus
 * Afterschool Caucuses
 * Blue Collar Caucus
 * Congressional NextGen 9-1-1 Caucus
 * Veterinary Medicine Caucus

title: Joe Courtney (politician)


text:
Vivian Wu

Vivian Wu ( Wu Junmei; ; born February 5, 1966) is an American actress. Starring in a variety of North American and Chinese productions, her big break came in 1987, when she appeared in the biographical film The Last Emperor. She later went to starring in films Iron & Silk (1990), The Guyver (1991), Heaven & Earth (1993), Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles III (1993), The Joy Luck Club (1993), and most notably playing the leading roles in The Pillow Book (1996) and The Soong Sisters (1997). In 2020, she starred as Dr. Lu Wang in the Netflix science fiction drama series Away, while in 2023, she portrayed Vivian Zhu in the Apple TV+ murder mystery comedy series The Afterparty.

Early life
Wu Junmei was born in Shanghai, China. Wu is the daughter of Zhu Manfang, one of the leading actresses in China during the 1940s and 1950s. She attended Shanghai Shixi High School and began acting at the age of 16 in Shanghai Film Studio. In 1987, she attended the Hawaii Pacific University, studying tourism.

Career
In 1985, Wu was given an audition for the role of Wenxiu in Bernardo Bertolucci's 1987 film The Last Emperor. Six months later, she was chosen for the role, making her big screen debut. Wu went on to star in the drama film Shadow of China (1989), directed and co-written by Mitsuo Yanagimachi, followed by the action comedy Iron & Silk (1990). The following year, she appeared in the poorly received superhero comedy film The Guyver with Mark Hamill. She was chosen by People as one of The 50 Most Beautiful People in the World in 1990.

Wu gained some critical acclaim after appearing in The Joy Luck Club (1993), directed by Wayne Wang, and playing the leading role in the erotic drama film The Pillow Book (1996). Wu also played Mitsu in the 1993 film Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles III. She portrayed the historical figure of Soong Mei-ling in the films The Soong Sisters (1997) and The Founding of a Republic (2009), as well as the 2011 television series Departed Heroes. As May-Lin Eng in Eve and the Fire Horse (2005), Wu received a Genie Award nomination.

Beside films, Wu has worked in television, making guest appearances in shows such as The Untouchables, L.A. Law, Tales from the Crypt, Highlander: The Series, JAG, Murder, She Wrote, F/X: The Series, ER, and Ghost Whisperer. She was one of the original four judges of Hunan TV's World's Got Talent.

Wu also starred in the live action video game Supreme Warrior (1994) and appeared in the video game Indiana Jones and the Emperor's Tomb as Mei Ying.

In 2020, Wu made her return to Hollywood productions after nearly 25 years with a starring role as Chinese astronaut Lu Wang in the Netflix science fiction drama Away opposite Hilary Swank.

Personal life
Wu married Cuban-born American director and producer Oscar Luis Costo in 1994. She later became a United States citizen.

Film

 * The Last Emperor (1987)
 * Iron & Silk (1990)
 * Shadow of China (1990)
 * The Guyver (1991)
 * Heaven & Earth (1993)
 * Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles III (1993) as Mitsu
 * The Joy Luck Club (1993)
 * Vanishing Son (TV) (1994)
 * Woman Rose (1996)
 * The Pillow Book (1996)
 * The Soong Sisters (1997)
 * A Bright Shining Lie (1998) (TV Film)
 * The Legend of Pig Eye (1998)
 * Blindness (1998)
 * 8½ Women (1999)
 * Dinner Rush (2000)
 * Roses Are Red (2000)
 * Red Skies (2002)
 * Encrypt (2003)
 * Beauty Remains (2005)
 * Kinamand (2005)
 * Eve and the Fire Horse (2005)
 * Shanghai Red (2006)
 * Desires of the Heart (2008)
 * The Founding of a Republic (2009)
 * Shanghai Blue (2010)
 * Snow Flower and the Secret Fan (2011)
 * The Story of a Piano (2011)
 * Departed Heroes (2011)
 * To Forgive (2012)
 * Judge Zhan (2012)
 * The Palace (2013)
 * Feed Me (2013)
 * Who is Undercover (2014)
 * Perfect Couple (2014)
 * The Queens (2015)
 * Go Lala Go 2 (2015)
 * Everybody's Fine (2016)
 * Youth Dinner (2017)
 * The Chinese Widow (2017)
 * Father and Son (2017)
 * Cry Me a Sad River (2018)
 * Knockout (2019)
 * Dead Pigs (2019)

TV series

 * Millennium - "Siren" (1998)
 * Dwelling Narrowness (2009)
 * Strange World (1999 - 2000)
 * Highlander: The Series (1994) May-ling Shen
 * Secret Agent Man (2000) "Uncle SAM" Ling #1
 * JAG  “Deja Vu” (1995) Angelique Sonsiri
 * Tales from the Crypt "Comes the Dawn" (1995) Jeri Drumbeater
 * Murder She Wrote "Kendo Killing" (4 Jan 1996) Miko Ishida
 * The First Half of My Life (2017)
 * Ruyi's Royal Love in the Palace (2018)
 * Qin Dynasty Epic (2019)
 * Away (2020)
 * Station 19 (2021)
 * Irma Vep (2022)
 * The Afterparty (2023)

Video games

 * Supreme Warrior (1995) as Yu Ching
 * Indiana Jones and the Emperor's Tomb (2003)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Vivian Wu


text:
User talk:Cokie500

Birthday wishes
Saw your birthday listed at Wikipedians by birthday. Happy birthday! --User:Jenmoa 18:09, 20 July 2005 (UTC)

Have an awesome day. Mr. Turcotte talk  18:35, 19 July 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:Cokie500


text:
WBEN-FM

WBEN-FM (95.7 MHz, "95.7 BEN FM") is a commercial radio station licensed to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The station is owned by Beasley Broadcast Group and broadcasts an adult hits radio format. The studios and offices are in Bala Cynwyd and the broadcast tower is on Wigard Avenue in the Roxborough section of Philadelphia at (40.03881°N, -75.23689°W).

The station plays a mix of 1970s, 1980s and 1990s hits, with some current hot adult contemporary singles. Named after Benjamin Franklin, BEN-FM's slogan is "Playing Anything We Feel Like." The formula originated in Canada as Jack FM. Unlike many adult hits stations, WBEN-FM uses DJs. The station imaging is handled by Howard Cogan, the former voice of Jack FM. Actor John O'Hurley of the TV show Seinfeld previously did the station imaging.

1949-1997: Classical
The station signed on the air on March 14, 1949 as WFLN, which was started by civic leaders as a "classical music and fine arts" station. It was owned by the Franklin Broadcasting Company and had studios at 8200 Ridge Avenue. The call sign, then as now, referred to Benjamin Franklin, an eighteenth century civic leader in Philadelphia and one of the founding fathers of the United States.

In 1956, the station added an -FM suffix when an AM simulcast was launched on 900 kHz. WFLN-AM-FM was sold in 1988 to Marlin Broadcasting, which added more news, sports and traffic reports to the station. From 1995 to 1997, WFLN was bought and sold five more times. With each purchase, budget cutbacks were instituted and, while maintaining the classical format, the station adopted a more commercial sound with shorter familiar selections heard in most dayparts, in an effort to attract casual fans of classical music.

Finally, the news came at 6 p.m. on September 5, 1997, that Greater Media, which had recently acquired the station, announced it was ending WFLN's classical programming. During a farewell speech for WFLN, Tom Milewski, the chief operating officer for Greater Media, said that the audience interested in classical music had aged and most advertisers were seeking a younger audience; Milewski added that classical music would be best preserved as a non-commercial format. To continue serving Philadelphia's classical audience, WFLN's recordings were donated to WRTI, Temple University's non-commercial radio station. Greater Media would also provide financial support to Temple as WRTI adopted the WFLN classical format during the day. (Three of the WFLN program hosts would join WRTI in their usual time slots, and WRTI continued to program its usual jazz format at night.) The company's support of WRTI also served to deflect criticism that the company was taking away Philadelphia's only classical radio station.

1997-1999: Modern AC
After the classical format ended, 95.7 then became WXXM, Max 95.7, adopting a modern AC format. It was similar to, but more pop-leaning than, alternative rock station Y100. The first song played under the new format was Sheryl Crow's "A Change Would Do You Good." The station reported to radio trade publications as a hot adult contemporary station. WXXM was jockless for the first six months as "Max", and its ratings plummeted with the station's new format. Although ratings improved after WXXM added well-known Philadelphia DJ Paul Barsky to mornings in February 1999, it wasn't enough to rationalize keeping the format.

1999-2001: Rhythmic oldies
At noon on May 13, 1999, in the middle of Sarah McLachlan's "Building a Mystery", the station flipped to rhythmic oldies, playing a blend of urban oldies from the 1960s to the 1980s, disco, classic dance tunes, and some 1970s pop hits, branded as Jammin' Gold. The first song under the new format was "Back Stabbers" by The O'Jays. On August 30, the station changed its call sign to WEJM. Given Philadelphia's history with the R&B genre, and being the city that started the "Philadelphia Soul" sound, "Jammin' Gold" was initially well received in the market. However, by 2001, the station's ratings began to slip.

2001-2005: Hot AC
On June 15, 2001, WEJM became Mix 95.7, another incarnation of hot AC. On July 17, WEJM changed call signs to WMWX. The station initially leaned toward modern AC, before moving to a more traditional hot AC approach. The station continued to be plagued by mediocre ratings.

2005-present: Adult hits
Meanwhile, Infinity/CBS Radio was in the process of switching some of its FM stations to adult hits. The company used a broad-based adult rock and pop format branded as Jack FM with its most-notable slogan, "Playing what we want!" Jack FM stations typically had playlists that could encompass up to 2,000 songs, and had proved popular in a number of Canadian radio markets. Stations that adopted the format were mostly under-performers in their previous formats, but a few, such as CBS-owned WCBS-FM in New York City and WJMK in Chicago, were popular oldies stations whose audiences had grown older and not as attractive to advertisers.

With rumors were circulating that CBS was planning to do the same in Philadelphia, by switching WOGL to "Jack FM", Greater Media decided to jump before CBS did. On March 21, 2005, at 5 p.m., after playing "Better Man" by Pearl Jam, WMWX rebranded as 95-7 Ben FM. The first song on "Ben FM" was "Philadelphia Freedom" by Elton John. The call letters were changed to WBEN-FM on May 9, 2005. The "Ben" format is similar to the "Jack FM" stations in terms of playlist size, airing songs from the same decades appealing to the same demographics. WBEN-FM began using the slogan "Playing anything we feel like." WBEN-FM has tweaked its format in recent years to add more classic alternative tracks from the 1980s, 1990s and 2000s.

On July 19, 2016, Beasley Media Group announced it would acquire Greater Media and its 21 stations (including WBEN-FM) for $240 million. The FCC approved the sale on October 6, and the sale closed on November 1.

On February 28, 2019, for one week, Ben FM rebranded as "95.7 Bryce FM" to celebrate the signing of Bryce Harper to the Philadelphia Phillies baseball team. On April 1, 2019, the station switched to classic television theme songs as part of an April Fools Day joke.

WBEN-FM HD2
WBEN-FM broadcasts using an HD Radio transmitter. In 2006, WBEN added an HD2 digital subchannel to carry a commercial-free rhythmic AC/classic dance format under the name "Club Ben." The format consisted of a mix of 1970s funk and R&B, and ’80s and ‘90s pop/dance music. This format was similar to the former "Jammin' Gold" format and the rhythmic AC format formerly aired on WISX.

The "Club Ben" format signed off on October 3, 2023, and was replaced with WJBR-FM's previous adult contemporary format (branded as WJBR.com), as the original station was sold to VCY America.

title: WBEN-FM


text: Template:Denver Nuggets roster

title: Template:Denver Nuggets roster


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Pterodaustro

Pterodaustro is a genus of ctenochasmatid pterodactyloid pterosaur from South America. Its fossil remains dated back to the Early Cretaceous period, about 105 million years ago.

Discovery and naming
The first fossils, among them the holotype PVL 2571, a thigh bone, were discovered during the late 1960s by José Bonaparte in the Lagarcito Formation, situated in the San Luis Province of Argentina, and dating from the Albian. The genus has later also been found in Chile in the Santa Ana Formation. At the Argentine site, the just 50 m2 large "Loma del Pterodaustro", since then, during several expeditions, over 750 Pterodaustro specimens have been collected, 288 of them having been catalogued until 2008. This makes the species one of the best known pterosaurs, with examples from all growth stages, from egg to adult.

The genus was named in 1969 by José Bonaparte as an as yet undescribed nomen nudum. The first description followed in 1970, making the name valid, the type species being Pterodaustro guiñazui. The generic name is derived from Greek pteron, "wing" and Latin auster, "south (wind)". The elements are combined as a condensed pteron de austro, "wing from the south". The specific name honors paleontologist Román Guiñazú. It was amended in 1978 by Peter Wellnhofer into guinazui, because diacritical signs such as the tilde are not allowed in specific names.

Description
Pterodaustro has a very elongated skull, up to 29 cm long. The portion in front of the eye sockets comprises 85 percent of skull length. The long snout and lower jaws curve strongly upwards; the tangent at the point of the snout is perpendicular to that of the jaw joint. Pterodaustro has about a thousand bristle-like modified teeth in its lower jaws that might have been used to strain crustaceans, plankton, algae, and other small creatures from the water. These teeth stand for the most part not in separate alveoli but in two long grooves parallel to the edges of the jaw. They have a length of 3 cm and are oval in cross-section, with a width of just 0.2 to 0.3 mm. At first it was suspected these structures were not true teeth at all, but later research established they were built like normal teeth, including enamel, dentine and a pulp. Despite being made of very hard material, they might still have been flexible to some extent due to their extreme length-width ratio, a bend of up to 45 degrees being possible. The upper jaws also carried teeth, but these were very small with a flat conical base and a spatula-formed crown. These teeth also do not have separate tooth sockets but were apparently held by ligaments in a special tooth pad, that was also covered with small ossicles, or bone plates.

The back of the skull was also rather elongated and in a low position; there are some indications for a low parietal crest.

Pterodaustro had a maximum adult wingspan of approximately 3 m and a maximum body mass of approximately 9.2 kg. Its hindlimbs are rather robust and its feet large. Its tail is uniquely elongated for a pterodactyloid, containing twenty-two caudal vertebrae, whereas other members of this group have at most, sixteen.

Paleobiology
Pterodaustro probably strained food with its tooth comb, a method called "filter feeding", also practised by modern flamingos. Once it caught its food, Pterodaustro probably mashed it with the small, globular teeth present in its upper jaw. Like other ctenochasmatoids, Pterodaustro has a long torso and proportionally massive and splayed hindfeet, adaptations for swimming. Robert Bakker suggested that, like flamingos, this pterosaur's diet may have resulted in a pink hue.

At least two specimens of Pterodaustro have been found, MIC V263 and MIC V243, with gizzard stones in the stomach cavity, the first ever reported for any pterosaur. These clusters of small stones with angled edges support the idea that Pterodaustro ate mainly small, hard-shelled aquatic crustaceans using filter-feeding. Such invertebrates are abundant in the sediment of the fossil site.

A study of the growth stages of Pterodaustro concluded that juveniles grew relatively fast in their first two years, attaining about half of the adult size. Then they reached sexual maturity, growing at a slower rate for four to five years until there was a determinate growth stop.

In 2004 a Pterodaustro embryo in an egg was reported, specimen MHIN-UNSL-GEO-V246. The egg was elongated, 6 cm long and 22 mm across, and its mainly flexible shell was covered with a thin layer of calcite, 0.3 millimeters thick. Three-dimensionally preserved eggs were reported in 2014.

Comparisons between the scleral rings of Pterodaustro and modern birds and reptiles suggest that it may have been nocturnal and similar in activity patterns to modern anseriform birds that feed at night, although method of this research is questioned by some researchers.

Because of its long torso and neck and comparatively short legs, Pterodaustro was unique among pterosaurs in having difficulties to launch. Even with the pterosaurian quadrupedal launching mechanism, it would have required frantic and fairly-low angled take-offs possible only in open areas, much like modern geese and swans.

Phylogeny
Bonaparte in 1970 assigned Pterodaustro to the Pterodactylidae; in 1971 to a Pterodaustriidae. However, from 1996 cladistic studies by Alexander Kellner and David Unwin have shown a position within the family Ctenochasmatidae, together with other filter feeders.

In 2018, a topology by Longrich, Martill and Andres recovered Pterodaustro within the family Ctenochasmatidae, more precisely within the tribe called Pterodaustrini, in a more basal position than Beipiaopterus and Gegepterus.

title: Pterodaustro


text:
Skaw, Unst

Skaw is a settlement in the Scottish archipelago of Shetland, located on the island of Unst. It is located north of Haroldswick on a peninsula in the northeast corner of the island, and is the most northerly settlement in the United Kingdom. It is currently inhabited by a single inhabitant whose business is sheep farming.

Etymology
Skaw is derived from the Old Norse "Skagi" meaning a cape, headland, promontory or peninsula.

Geography
The burn of Skaw flows from the uplands to the west through the constellation of small crofts that make up Skaw, and then east into the Wick of Skaw, a bay of the North Sea. A sheltered sandy beach lines the coast of the Wick of Skaw. The unclassified road (Holsens Road) from the B9087 to Skaw is the most northerly road in the UK road network, and the northernmost road in the world to use left-hand traffic.

History
Walter Sutherland (died c. 1850), a former inhabitant of the northernmost cottage in Britain, was reportedly the last native speaker of the Norn language.

During World War II, the Royal Air Force built a Chain Home radar station at Skaw. The radar station was built in 1941 and closed in 1947. It was part of the defences of the RAF Sullom Voe flying boat base.

A combined Coastal Defence U-boat and Chain Home Low station was also built during the Second World War at Saxa Vord; after the war this became a ROTOR radar station. RAF Saxa Vord continued as a radar station after the end of the ROTOR programme.

The settlement is near the proposed Shetland Space Centre.

title: Skaw, Unst


text:
User talk:Glenn Magus Harvey

Welcome!

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, please be sure to sign your name on Talk and vote pages using four tildes (~~~~) to produce your name and the current date, or three tildes (~~~) for just your name. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my Talk page. Again, welcome! - UtherSRG 18:12, July 20, 2005 (UTC)
 * The Five Pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
 * Editing, policy, conduct, and structure tutorial
 * Picture tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Naming conventions
 * Manual of Style
 * Merging, redirecting, and renaming pages
 * If you're ready for the complete list of Wikipedia documentation, there's also Topical index.

Tail Gator
I mean something as link to game webpage or vendor selling it or forum. Pavel Vozenilek 16:19, 21 July 2005 (UTC)

Tail 'Gator
I went ahead and moved the page for you. See Talk: Tail 'Gator EdwinHJ | Talk 03:38, 22 July 2005 (UTC)
 * See my suggestion to you on my talk page EdwinHJ | Talk 04:01, 22 July 2005 (UTC)

trying out my new nickname format.
Testing text... ~GMH 04:12, 22 July 2005 (UTC)

Turks
Talk:Turks (Final Fantasy VII) - I did my best to answer your question. Hope that helps :) — Cua HL   11:04, 6 August 2005 (UTC)

Hi & welcome
Hello - welcome to Wikipedia (I know you've been around a while, now, but I've been on Wikiholiday). Delighted to see your articles on two Messiaen works. Hope to encounter many more of your contributions. Enjoy Wikipedia. --RobertG ♬ talk 08:39, 12 August 2005 (UTC)

Thanks for telling me
Please revert him if he continues to do that. He is ignoring consensus. Andre ( talk ) 18:09, August 18, 2005 (UTC)

Zero Mission is a prequel [?]
Anyone who has read these:

"The full story of Samus Aran's first mission finally unfolds..."

and

"Samus had completed numerous missions that other thought impossible."

Knows that Zero Mission comes before Metroid. Zero Mission is the first mission, and Metroid is not. It is jsut that simple. No evidence to disprove this fact has ever been presented. Also, the Zero Mission Tourian does not match the Tourian in Super Metroid, which is known to be the Tourian from Metroid. In Zero Mission the brain pod and other things are destroyed, but in Super Metroid they are still somewhat intact. Sakamoto, the director of the game even said that Zero Mission was NOT A REMAKE of backstory. All evidence has been posted on the talk page for Zero Mission. Dai Grepher 22:54, 19 August 2005 (UTC)
 * It is called a retcon. Get OVER it. -- A Link to the Past (talk) 01:02, August 20, 2005 (UTC)
 * FIRST: DO NOT BIG-TEXT HEADINGS ON MY USER PAGE. The heading originally read " = Zero Mission is a prequel = "; I have changed it.
 * Second: I will now crash your first point (and leave your second point to being retconned). How do you necessarily know that those "numerous missions" were counted as actual missions when the first statement was written?  It is entirely possible that Samus, being a bounty hunter, had completed numerous other dangerous missions BEFORE joining the Galactic Federation, but in the view of the Federation, the mission of Metroid/Metroid: Zero Mission, Samus's mission to Zebes is the "first" mission, which the Federation (in its own records) conveniently assigned mission number Zero, hence, "Zero Mission". ~GMH 06:29, 21 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Well done. Andre ( talk ) 19:30, August 21, 2005 (UTC)

Your Metroid ideas
An ambitious project, but sounds like a useful one. I'll help the best I can. If you're looking for some more people to help out, take a look at WikiProject Computer and video games. You also may want to read through Merge. Let me know if you need any page histories merged or anything like that. Andre ( talk ) 04:11, August 27, 2005 (UTC)

 * I'll help out when and where I can, but I can't promise anything. There is definitely too much Metroid fancruft regarding minor characters, planets, etc. --Poiuyt Man talk 06:05, 17 September 2005 (UTC)

Moving a page
Unless you feel that the move would engender controversy, go ahead and be bold. Otherwise, put up a proposal as you mentioned, and wait until consensus is clear. Andre ( talk ) 00:35, 16 September 2005 (UTC)

Your user page needs less Image:Cowbell2.gif
You have the image Image:Cowbell2.gif on your user page; this image is copyrighted and used in the Will Ferrell article under Fair use. The use on your user page of that image is unlikely to be covered by use however, and as such is probably a Copyright violation. Could you remove the image from your user page? Thanks. --fvw *  23:38, 24 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Ah, fricking copyrights. Removed, even though that little message box is a lovely example of nonsensical humor, especially since I still don't know who Will Ferrell is. ~GMH ''talk to me 00:16, 25 September 2005 (UTC)

Mega Man Zero Boss Characters
Your recent edit to the Mega Man Zero Boss characters article was deleted, but I believe the editor was a bit harsh and have reprimanded him privately. Though your post is valid, it is in the wrong place. I believe, however, it would be more suited in the Mega Man Zero names and references page. Wolf ODonnell 21:36, 8 December 2005 (UTC)

 * Thanks for informing me of the correct article for that information; it's already there anyways. Since the article already exists, I would agree with listing this "side-information" separately. ~GMH talk to me 20:16, 12 December 2005 (UTC)

Godfather: The Game
I actually haven't played the game either, but non-linear goes to a disambiguation, and the entry on video games is only for linear gameplay. I linked it to non-linear exploration because that's the only existing article about non-linear videogames (assuming that non-linear and role-playing are different things). We could always have it link to Linearity (computer and video games). What do you think? Pitr 07:06, 10 January 2006 (UTC)
 * If you're talking about decision-making in the game, I'd rather it link to Linearity (computer and video games), as that would explain the concepts of linearity and non-linearity in general. In my opinion, non-linear exploration is rather specific and wouldn't be the case without a significant exploration component in the game. ~GMH talk to me 01:26, 11 January 2006 (UTC)
 * I agree; it has been done. This has been like one of the most reasonable edit discussions I've ever participated in, by the way. Pitr 03:32, 11 January 2006 (UTC)

AfD nomination of Non-linear exploration
Non-linear exploration, an article you created, has been nominated for deletion. We appreciate your contributions. However, an editor does not feel that Non-linear exploration satisfies Wikipedia's criteria for inclusion and has explained why in the nomination space (see also "What Wikipedia is not" and the Wikipedia deletion policy). Your opinions on the matter are welcome; please participate in the discussion by adding your comments at Articles for deletion/Non-linear exploration and please be sure to sign your comments with four tildes ( ~ ). You are free to edit the content of Non-linear exploration during the discussion but should not remove the articles for deletion template from the top of the article; such removal will not end the deletion discussion. Thank you. Arru 23:30, 1 February 2006 (UTC)

Regarding edits made to Harder, Better, Faster, Stronger
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Proposed deletion of Soshiro Hokkai
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RfD nomination of Creatures in the Metroid series
I have nominated for discussion. Your opinions on the matter are welcome; please participate in the discussion by adding your comments at the discussion page. Thank you. ZXCVBNM 21:50, 6 January 2009 (UTC)

Re:RFD
Sure, this new automated program is a blast. Previously, it was a complete pain to manage or delete pages. As for Castleroids, you're right, they're addicting (and a great substitute for the unexplainable lack of any new 2D Metroid games). So far I've played all the DS Castlevania games, Aria of Sorrow, and I'm going to play Symphony of the Night. As for your disagreements with Wikipedia policies, sure, if everything people added to Wikipedia was correct they would be unnecessary, but I'm all for practices that give Wikipedia readers the reassurance that they're not reading made-up content. And as for the fancruft...much of it just gets cluttered after a while, and it would probably be better off in a specialty wiki where you can make different pages for, say, GlaDOS or Weighted Companion Cube. Wikipedia will never have all the info everywhere, so it's settling for the most organized source of info anywhere.--ZXCVBNM 07:07, 7 January 2009 (UTC)
 * EDIT: See? This is what I was talking about. XD--ZXCVBNM 07:11, 7 January 2009 (UTC)
 * PPS: ...I can't believe it. Ridley was supposed to be a boss fight in Metroid Prime 2, but I had to fight a giant mosquito instead. *cries* =(--ZXCVBNM 07:15, 7 January 2009 (UTC)

Discussion continued
LMAO, I never noticed that, even though it's funny that my username has those letters in common. In fact, my username is just the lower keyboard row. It comes with the added bonus that I am on most keyboards everywhere. As for your Wikilinking question, yes, there are templates that can be used to link to other, related wikis. You can find them here. However, only sister projects are allowed to have a little box on the side - the others have to be placed in "external links." At least, that's where I think they are placed, I'm not really sure, so I could be wrong.--ZXCVBNM 19:36, 7 January 2009 (UTC)
 * I've gone ahead and created Template:Wikitroid so that it can be used in related articles.--ZXCVBNM 19:41, 7 January 2009 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of Zilla (Internet phenomenon)

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 * this article seems to be original research. please add any reliable sources if there are any.

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you asked about telnet
i think it's primary usage now is for 'MUDs' (different kinds of multi-user role-playing games), though i read somewhere that it was originally decided to allow business-people to interact on the internet (which might be true.. or could easily be a cover for allowing business-people a place to play multi-user fantasy role-playing games on the internet). those are the only uses i am personally familiar with. -sio. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 131.230.224.28 (talk) 20:59, 30 June 2010 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of Steve Osborn

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August 2014
Please do not delete or flag potential "spoilers" in Wikipedia articles, as you did in the article Umi Monogatari: Anata ga Ite Kureta Koto. It is generally expected that the subjects of Wikipedia articles will be covered in detail, and giving a section a title such as "Plot" or "Ending" is considered sufficient warning to the reader that the text will contain revelations about the narrative. Deleting such information makes the article less useful for a reader who is specifically trying to find out more about the subject. For more information, see Wikipedia's guidelines on spoilers. Thank you. —Farix (t | c) 13:33, 23 August 2014 (UTC)

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Nomination of Creatures in the Metroid series for deletion
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title: User talk:Glenn Magus Harvey


text:
Marty Sampson

Martin W "Marty" Sampson (born 31 May 1979) is an Australian singer-songwriter, musician and former worship leader at the Hillsong Church in Sydney. From the late 1990s until 2019 he featured on the United Live albums and was one of the original Hillsong United band's worship leaders. Sampson's main instrument is the guitar although he also plays the piano, flute and drums. Aside from work for Youth Alive and Hillsong United, Sampson has issued solo albums.

Biography
Sampson was born on 31 May 1979 and became a member of the Hillsong Church in Sydney. From the late 1990s he has featured on the Youth Alive albums and was one of the original Hillsong United band's worship leaders. His last album with Hillsong United was the 2011's Aftermath. He often lead worship at the church and had contributed for Hillsong albums. Since his departure from Hillsong United, he has worked on his songwriting. Sampson helped with the worship at Northern Beaches, a Hillsong extension service. In November 2006 he married Michelle and the couple have a son.

In 2007, Sampson released a solo EP, Let Love Rule, via his official website. In April 2008, Sampson co-wrote "We Give You Praise" with band members of the United Kingdom Christian rockers Delirious?. In 2010, he recorded an album in the United States under the band name, The Red Bikes. It was recorded with James Rudder as producer, Luke Munns on drums, Michael Guy Chislett on guitar and Paul Malbury on bass guitar. The album has not yet been released. In June 2011, Sampson released another solo EP, Objects, as Martin Sampson. It is an acoustic guitar folk album in the vein of Bob Dylan. The tracks were recorded at the same time as The Red Bikes project.

On 10 August 2019, he publicly stated that he was "losing his faith". Sampson initially clarified that he had not "renounced" his faith but was "struggling with many parts of the [Christian] belief system", then subsequently on 23 August 2019 stated that he is no longer identified as a Christian.

Instrumentation
According to AllMusic, Sampson is credited with being a composer, lyricist, vocalist, producer, worship leader, guitarist (acoustic, electric) and arranger.

Songwriter
Songs written or co-written by Sampson include

Hillsong Worship albums
 * By Your Side (1999)
 * "By Your Side"
 * For This Cause (2000)
 * "Carry Me"
 * You Are My World (2001)
 * "God Is Great"
 * "You Are My World"
 * "Forever"
 * "My Best Friend" with Joel Houston
 * Blessed (2002)
 * "Now That You're Near"
 * "Son of God" with Lincoln Brewster
 * "King of Majesty"
 * Hope (2003)
 * "Song of Freedom"
 * "Better Than Life"
 * "To the Ends of the Earth" with Houston
 * "Can't Stop Praising" with Tulele Faletolu
 * "Free"
 * "Angels"
 * For All You've Done (2004)
 * "Hallelujah" with Jonas Myrin
 * "Home"
 * "Take All of Me"
 * God He Reigns (2005)
 * "God He Reigns"
 * "All I Need Is You"
 * "There Is Nothing Like" with Myrin
 * "What the World Will Never Take" with Matt Crocker & Scott Ligertwood
 * "Tell the World" with Jonathon Douglass & Houston
 * Mighty to Save (2006)
 * "Take It All" with Crocker & Ligertwood
 * "I Believe"
 * "The Freedom We Know" with Houston & Matt Tenikoff
 * "For Who You Are"
 * "Open My Eyes" with Mia Fieldes
 * Saviour King (2007)
 * "In Your Freedom" with Raymond Badham
 * "One Thing" with Darlene Zschech
 * "Saviour King" with Fieldes
 * Faith + Hope + Love (2009)
 * "The Wonder of Your Love" with Jack Mooring & Leeland Mooring
 * "His Glory Appears" with Zschech
 * No Other Name (2014)
 * "Depths" with Brooke Fraser
 * Open Heaven / River Wild (2015)
 * "O Praise the Name (Anástasis)" with Benjamin Hastings & Dean Ussher
 * "Open Heaven (River Wild)" with Matt Crocker
 * Let There Be Light (2016)
 * "Look to the Son" with Joel Houston, Reuben Morgan, Matt Crocker and Scott Ligertwood
 * "Elohim"
 * The Peace Project (2017)
 * "Peace Upon The Earth" (music by Frederic Chopin)
 * There Is More (2018)
 * "God so Loved" with Matt Crocker
 * "The Lord's Prayer" with Ben Fielding, Benjamin Hastings and Reuben Morgan

Hillsong United albums
 * Everyday (1999)
 * "Seeking You"
 * "Prayer to the King"
 * "God Is Moving"
 * Best Friend (2000)
 * "Best Friend" with Houston
 * "Forever"
 * "Reason I Live"
 * King of Majesty (2001)
 * "King of Majesty"
 * "Everything to Me"
 * "God Is Great"
 * To the Ends of the Earth (2002)
 * "Free"
 * "All"
 * "To the Ends of the Earth" with Houston
 * "My God"
 * "Now That You're Near"
 * More Than Life (2004)
 * "Light"
 * "Take All of Me"
 * "Shine for You"
 * "Soldier" with Faletolu
 * "All Day"
 * Look to You (2005)
 * "Tell the World" with Douglass & Houston
 * "Look to You"
 * "All I Need Is You"
 * "Shout Unto God" with Houston
 * "There Is Nothing Like" with Myrin
 * "What the World Will Never Take" with Crocker & Ligertwood
 * "Deeper"
 * United We Stand (2006)
 * "Take It All" with Crocker & Ligertwood
 * "From God Above"
 * "Came to My Rescue" with Joel Davies & Dylan Thomas
 * "Revolution" with Ligertwood, Houston, Brooke Fraser & Michael Guy Chislett
 * "Hallelujah" with Tenikoff & Rolf Wam Fjell
 * All of the Above (2007)
 * "Devotion"
 * "Saviour King" with Fieldes
 * The I Heart Revolution: With Hearts as One (2008)
 * "Look to You"
 * "Forever"
 * "There Is Nothing Like" with Myrin
 * "Tell the World" with Douglass & Houston
 * "All I Need Is You"
 * "Shout Unto God" with Houston
 * "Came to My Rescue (Be Lifted High)" with Davies and Thomas
 * Aftermath (2011)
 * "Light Will Shine" with Crocker
 * People
 * "Ready Or Not" with Houston

Hillsong Young & Free albums
 * "III" (2018)
 * "Jesus Loves Me" with Aodhan King and Benjamin Hastings

Hillsong Kids albums
 * Jesus Is My Superhero (2004)
 * "King of Majesty"
 * Super Strong God (2005)
 * "Free"
 * "All I Need Is You"
 * "Your Are My World"
 * Supernatural (2006)
 * "Better Than Life"
 * "You're All I Need"
 * "For Who You Are"
 * Can You Believe It!? (2018)
 * "My Best Friend" with Joel Houston

Delirious? album
 * Kingdom of Comfort (2008)
 * "We Give You Praise" with Martin Smith, Stuart Garrard, and Jon Thatcher

Extended plays

 * Let Love Rule (EP, 2007)
 * "Brave Souls"
 * "NYC"
 * "Landslide"
 * "Inhale"
 * "Heaven Sent"
 * "Diamond Mine"
 * "Exhale"
 * "Castle Wall"
 * Objects (EP, Small City Music, 17 June 2011)
 * "Before the Night Takes Me"
 * "Fast Asleep in the Sun"
 * "Anybody Else"
 * "From the Coal"
 * "We Exist and Then We Fly Away"

title: Marty Sampson


text:
Toxodontia

Toxodontia is a suborder of the meridiungulate order Notoungulata. Most of the members of the five included families, including the largest notoungulates, share several dental, auditory and tarsal specializations. The group is named after Toxodon, the first example of the group to be discovered by science.

Description
Isotemnidae, the oldest and most primitive family of toxodonts, were generally large animals with larger canines than other early notoungulates. The family is probably paraphyletic or polyphyletic since only primitive dental features unite the 12 included genera, such as a complete dentition with unreduced canines and no diastemata in the earliest genera. Likewise, they are only weakly linked to other toxodonts by a few dental features, and their primitive cheek tooth pattern can be basal to all notoungulates except notioprogonians. The oldest of the 12 genera in this family is Isotemnus known from the Riochican-Casamayoran, but other genera are known from the Casamayoran, including Thomashuxleya, Pleurostylodon, and Pampatemnus. Of these, the sheep-sized Thomashuxleya is the best known; its skeleton shows that it was relatively robust, had limbs with reduced distal elongation, and five-hoofed feet with a large central digit.

Notohippidae was also present during the Casamayoran but tend to have more hypsodont cheek teeth than isotemnids. Pampahippus, one of the earliest genera in this family was, nevertheless, low-crowned with densely packed cheek teeth. Its primitiveness is suggested by the retained paraconids on the lower molars. Eomorphippus, a Mustersan notohippid, was moderately hypsodont, Deseadan genera such as Rhynchippus and Eurygenium were very high-crowned, and Santacrucian genera had acquired cementum on the crowns similar to equids.

The last toxodont family from the early Tertiary are the Leontiniidae. They share several derived tarsal and auditory features with the notohippids and are, together with the Deseadan Toxodontidae, nested within the paraphyletic Notohippidae. Leontiniids are known from the Deseadan or later, but the oldest and most primitive leontiniid, the Mustersan Martinmiguelia, retained a primitive brachydont dentition without diastemata except around the very small canines. Scarrittia, the best-known leontiniid, had mesaxonic (enlarged central digit) feet with reduced lateral digits.

Toxodontids first appeared during the Oligocene in the form of Proadinotherium. Another well-known toxodontid is Nesodon, a medium-sized Miocene toxodontid descended from Proadinotherium which had converted its second upper incisors into tusks. Toxodon itself evolved during the Pliocene alongside the related Trigodon, an equally large mammal which possessed a horn projecting from its forehead, in the same way as a modern rhinoceros. Toxodon was a huge herbivore (about the size of a modern black rhinoceros) with four toes on each foot.

title: Toxodontia


text:
Time Will Reveal

Time Will Reveal is the fourth studio album by the American West Coast hip hop group Above the Law. Released in 1996 by Tommy Boy Records, it was the group's first record after leaving Ruthless Records following the death of member Eazy-E. The group's former labelmates Kokane and MC Ren made guest appearances on the record, along with Enuff, Daddy Cool and Kid Frost. Time Will Reveal peaked at number 16 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums and number 80 on the Billboard 200.

The album was primarily produced by Cold 187um with KM.G and Total K-oss, except for Cold 187 um's remix of "City of Angels" (the original version appeared on the film soundtrack to The Crow: City of Angels), which was produced by Tony G and Julio G. The album's lead single "100 Spokes" peaked at number 24 on the Hot Rap Singles and number 81 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Singles & Tracks.

Personnel

 * Gregory Fernan Hutchinson - vocals, executive producer, producer (tracks 1-13, 15), remixing (track 14), recording
 * Kevin Michael Gulley - vocals, executive producer, co-producer
 * Anthony Stewart - vocals, executive producer, co-producer
 * Jerry Long, Jr. - vocals (tracks 5, 9), backing vocals
 * Dorinda "DoRe'" Roberts - vocals (tracks 1-2, 8)
 * Michael Sims - vocals (track 7), bass, guitar
 * Gee - vocals (tracks 1, 7)
 * Enuff - vocals (tracks 5, 9)
 * Lorenzo Patterson - vocals (track 7)
 * Daddy Cool - vocals (track 9)
 * Dawnmonique - vocals (track 10)
 * Mike Holmes - vocals (track 11)
 * Arturo Molina, Jr. - vocals (track 14)
 * Brian Gardner - mastering
 * Tom Coyne - mastering
 * Donovan Smith - mixing, recording
 * Mark Paladino - mixing, recording
 * Randal "Lodown" Harris - assistant engineer
 * Julio Gonzalez - producer (track 14)
 * Tony Gonzales - producer (track 14)
 * Ian Steaman - artwork direction
 * John Carr - illustrations
 * Dean Karr - photography

Charts
Album - Billboard (United States)

Singles - Billboard (United States)

title: Time Will Reveal


text:
Talk:Mental disorder defence

vs. insanity article
I know the creation of this article may prove to be controversial as it mirrors the insanity article, however, I feel strongly that the title of "insanity" is not appropriate. The insanity title has been, or is in the process of being, phrased-out by several countries including Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and the UK. The new title was chosen very deliberately not to use the word "insanity" thus it would be misleading to put it under the old heading. I would suggest reserving the "mental disorder" title for describing those countries' use of the defence while keeping "insanity" for the US (and any other countries still using the title) verison of the article. --PullUpYourSocks 18:20, 20 July 2005 (UTC)

 * This article has been incorporated into the combined Mental Disorder (Insanity) Defense page --Kidsankyran  —Preceding undated comment added 00:45, 9 December 2015 (UTC)

 * Strongly Oppose merger of the two articles. The defence of not criminally responsible in Canada was created by Parliament precisely because the Supreme Court ruled that the old common law rules relating to insanity were contrary to the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. "Not criminally responsible by reason of mental disorder" in Canada is not just a different name from the old common law insanity defence, and the two articels should not be merged.  The comments from Pull Up Your Socks are just as relevant today as when he made them 10 years ago. Mr Serjeant Buzfuz (talk) 05:20, 9 December 2015 (UTC)

 * And, I find the re-naming of this article to facilitate the merger very presumptuous, when you have just today proposed the merger. Having set it up for discussion, you have to let people comment on the proposal before you start to implement it.Mr Serjeant Buzfuz (talk) 05:20, 9 December 2015 (UTC)

 * It's also customary to add comments to Talk pages in chronological order, so I think your comment on this issue should have followed the 10 year old post from Pull Up Your Socks explaining why there is a need for a separate article. I have moved your post from earlier today to follow his post accordingly. Mr Serjeant Buzfuz (talk) 05:20, 9 December 2015 (UTC)

 * Clearly, the two defenses are related and anyone searching for the term "insanity defense" would appreciate a worldwide view on the topic in one article. The only difference relates to common or statutory law, which can be explained in the introduction of the merged article. It makes little sense to have this article as a separate topic. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Kidsankyran (talk • contribs) 02:26, 16 December 2015 (UTC)

 * As there has been no other objection since my response from the original respondent or others, this merge has been put through

Chaulk overruled
The Chaulk case was overruled by the Supreme Court. In Canada, "wrong" includes both legally wrong as well as morally wrong: R. v. Swain (SCC), I believe.

title: Talk:Mental disorder defence


text: Talk:Time Will Reveal

title: Talk:Time Will Reveal


text:
Talk:Umberto Bossi

Untitled
I would like to report that this article is very biased..

While the first paragraph of the Ideological background section is actually quite informative, the quality of the rest of the article is really poor.

Padania is not a proposed "macro-region" (with quotes?...), it's a *territory*, and even if the word was made more popular by Lega Nord, it has existed for quite a long time. Here are some references to its previous use (it's in Italian): http://www.padan.org/padan/gate.html?name=Content&pa=printpage&pid=149

Saying that "Padania gains attention today only for the Miss Padania beauty contest" is very incorrect. Padania is simply Northern Italy, and the two expressions are widely used as synonyms, even in relevant and respected essays: Fondazione Agnelli, La Padania, una regione italiana in Europa, Edizioni della Fondazione Agnelli, Torino, 1992.

Moreover: I think Federalism and Devolution are, quite obviously, words with a meaning. In Italy their meaning is even clearer, considered the currently centralised nature of the government. I don't think that calling them "buzzwords" is anything near appropriate...

There are a lot of other things that are quite wrong. I'm sorry that, right now, I don't have the time to help making this article a little less biased, and above all a little more reliable... I really hope I'll have it one day, or that somebody will..

This article, as it is right now, simply isn't honest.

 * Your link is just as biased as it can possibly get. It's a Lega Nord site, it's like asking Stalin whether the Baltic countries belonged to the Soviet Union.
 * As an Italian from Arona, on the border with the province of Varese where the Lega has a stronghold, I never heard the word "Padania" in my whole life before it was invented by Bossi. I'm not excluding someone might have used it before, but it is just as likely as someone saying Slartibartfast before Douglas Adams thought of the name.
 * Usage of the word Padania is currently a clear statement of political attitude. The Agnelli foundation is based in northern Italy, and not known for left-wing sympathies.
 * Italy is absolutely not especially centralised. France, for example, is too in pretty much the same extent. --Orzetto 08:40, 9 September 2005 (UTC)

 * I have to say this comment is broadly incorrect, and your logic is deeply flawed.
 * The "bias" of that link is just as *irrelevant* as it can possibly get: that link documents the usage of the word Padania way before its popularization by Lega Nord. As I said in the previous comment, Padania is a territory, and the word definitely wasn't "invented by Bossi" as you say.
 * Then, saying (or implying, like you did) that the Agnelli Foundation is somehow close to Lega Nord is really not honest, to say the least. The Agnelli family (the ones behind Agnelli foundation, owners of the Fiat group) is well known to be strongly against the current right-wing government, and *especially* against Lega Nord and the devolution proposal. The Agnelli family has a strong influence on two of the three best selling Italian newspapers (Corriere della Sera, La Stampa), whose editorial line reflects a strong opposition to Berlusconi's government and especially to Lega Nord and federalism.

 * Finally: when saying "Italy is absolutely not especially centralised", you're also stating the opposite of the truth. Many of the most important western countries (USA, UK, Germany, Spain, Switzerland, Canada...) have a federal model of government. Italy (like France) doesn't, and has a centralised model of government. This is hardly disputable...

 * I also noticed you took away the first paragraph - which was the *only one* which actually provided some insight into the history and the actual political stances of Lega Nord - almost in its entirety.
 * At the same time, you left untouched the parts that define federalism and devolution as.. "buzzwords".
 * There goes the NPOV... :-)

 * I'm just sorry I don't have the time to contribute directly to this article, beyond pointing out its bias. I only hope that the people who put their hands on it in the future can tell the difference between intellectual honesty and bias, and between facts and opinions.

 * U. B.
 * [edit, 10/04/2005: I've substituted my full name with my initials, for Google reasons. While I stand behind everything I say (my full name is still available in previous versions of the talk page), discussing things with anonymous people is a waste of time I'm not particularly proud of. :)]

 * P.S. Btw: I've no affiliation with Lega Nord (actually I strongly disagree with LN on certain issues) nor with any other political party. But I think devolution and federalism in Italy (that is, Lega Nord's main battle) would be very desirable things. Some of the reasons are in the quite insightful paragraph that, sadly, you decided to cancel almost in its entirety.
 * http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Umberto_Bossi&diff=22898326&oldid=22083941
 * I'm gonna put back the "disputed" flag. I hope, for honesty's sake, that it's gonna stay there.

 * I am afraid you are just another troll. Let's debunk your statements one by one...
 * Your link contains just the usual propaganda crap. I'm from the North and I have not lived in a cave. The adjective "padano" is common, but "Padania" is an invention of the Northern League. This is a fact, and if you want to fight facts, welcome to the hard world. As I said, the word might have incidentally been uttered before, but it was and is not a common word for northern Italy. The fact that an article feels the need to demonstrate the common use of Padania is actually most telling. Proof of the fact it is bullshit? Run a google search with the word Padania, and see just how many links are not related to Lega Nord.
 * About Agnelli. Next what, the Agnelli family is going to become a den of communists? Whenever did they attack the current government (that has been attacked by pretty much anybody anyway)? How comes that Corriere della Sera would be "strongly against the government"? You are quite blatant in your lies, how would you characterise La Repubblica, L'Unità or even Il Manifesto then? Remember you cannot bullshit that freely, there are other Italians around.
 * Italy was centralised until the 70s, then regions and provinces were introduced. Regions can currently even impose their own taxes (so the government can claim they are lowering taxes when they are actually forcing the regions to increase them, but this is another story). 25% of the regions have a special statute that grants bilinguism in some areas, and in Sicily's case even a Parliament instead of a council. How is this centralised?
 * The first paragraph (that I did not "delete", I condensed it in only one useful sentence) contained vast amounts of POV material, most of it unsubstantiated:
 * "Northern Italians are basically disappointed[...]" Implies that all northern Italians support the League. In actuality it's a (however noisy and uncivilized) minority.
 * "[...]the unfairness of Italian taxation and redistribution system:[...]" strong words, unsubstantiated.
 * "the money collected in Northern Italy has always been wasted by the Italian ruling class[...]" absolute claim (i.e. hard to substantiate, only one exception is enough to break it. Eg, was Falcone's salary and the maxi-trials against mafia a "waste"?). Unsubstantiated anyway, even if not absolute. And, last but not least, it's plain false: official statistics (not recent, but I saw that on the Lombardy TGR some years ago) indicated that more money came into Lombardy from the central state than the other way around.
 * "wages for useless state employees (Italy has more civil servants than the whole USA!)" beside that, again, you should either demonstrate they are useless or revert to "perceived to be useless", the parenthesised comment is ludicrous. First, you don't use exclamation marks. Second, who said that? About what year? Counting in all the 50 US states? Counting in the Italian state companies, like Eni and Enel, that are now privatised? Defining how a "civil servant", anyway? I call bullshit.
 * "Bossi advocates more fiscal autonomy for Italian regions in order to break this chain and invest Southern politicians and Southern citizens with responsibility." This is just as propagandistic as it gets. The only thing Bossi wants to invest terroni with, is a truck (don't think the pun works in English, but I could not resist). Anyone who has lived in Northern Italy knows that there is no more xenophobic party than Lega Nord. If you know one, one only, mention it (and substantiate). As far as I know, no mayor has ever suggested shooting immigrants as animals except Gentilini. No one has been seen spraying immigrants on trains to disinfect the car (was that Borghezio on the Turin-Milan?). No one else has suggested apartheid (since anti-jewish laws of the late thirties) as documented, and substantiated, in the article about Lega Nord.
 * Of course Federalism and devolution are buzzwords. Politicians (not just Lega's) have been talking about that for over ten years now, and the only result is a reform that is going to be buried next year by the new majority. Anyway, the word "buzzword" does not have any inherently negative characterisation, it only means it is being overused, and I hope you are not as silly as to try to tell me "federalism" has not been in every politician's program in the last ten years. Most federations are born out of more states uniting (US, UK, USSR, Germany, ...), not one being split. In Canada, "federalist" is the opposite of "separatist".
 * I do not believe for a picosecond that you are not a Lega supporter. Sorry, that sort of self-NPOVization does not really work. And of course, the NPOV flag is going to be removed, until some real NPOV issues are found in the article... because, in case you have not noticed, this article is about Bossi, and all your comments were about him [edit: Lega Nord and Padania] (This is not an invitation to go trolling on Lega Nord or Padania, though). --Orzetto 18:27, 9 September 2005 (UTC)

 * I've been quite accurate in everything I've written.

 * OTOH, your comments contain lies, insults, and you're continuously putting in my mouth things I've neither written nor implied even remotely.
 * Maybe it would be appropriate for you to revise your comments, bringing them back to a pertinent level for a reasoned discussion. I really hope this isn't the way you chose to convince the world that your POV is Neutral...

 * U. B.
 * [edit, 10/04/2005: I've substituted my full name with my initials, for Google reasons. While I stand behind everything I say (my full name is still available in previous versions of the talk page), discussing things with anonymous people is a waste of time I'm not particularly proud of. :)]

 * P.S. Oh, and maybe it would be nice to have the courtesy to sign comments with one's full name (or at least to make it available somewhere) like I did.
 * Of course, just in case you feel like standing behind what you say, like I do. :)

 * You know, chi si loda si sbroda. Your accuracy would best be described by others (see section below, written by someone else).
 * I am putting in your mouth nothing, I quoted the sections I removed since they were POV, and proceeded to explain my reasons for considering them biased. I see no countering on your side, only petty, unsubstantiated whining.
 * I don't have a neutral POV, nor do I need to. The article has to.
 * The NPOV notice is going to be removed until you point out something specific in the article which is false, inaccurate or POV. You cannot flag an article with a only because there is not enough praise for your personal hero. And if you must, use  in the appropriate section.
 * For the record, one is identified by his nick on Wikipedia. Register yourself, and stop hiding behing a dynamic IP.
 * Finally, nice how you claim not to have time on your hands, while it seems you have enough to waste here. --Orzetto 20:12, 10 September 2005 (UTC)

 * The following sentence, just introduced by this anonymous person ("Orzetto"), is sadly symptomatic of how Neutral the POV of the article is.
 * "A rumour that has not been countered by Bossi is that he gave a fake graduation party, allegedly to convince his mother he had graduated."
 * But this person is right on one thing: I have neither the time nor the will to keep up with vandalism, let alone when it comes from anonymous people.
 * But this person is right on one thing: I have neither the time nor the will to keep up with vandalism, let alone when it comes from anonymous people.

 * The worst thing is, people like these are *seriously* compromising Wikipedia's reputation.

 * U. B.
 * [edit, 10/04/2005: I've substituted my full name with my initials, for Google reasons. While I stand behind everything I say (my full name is still available in previous versions of the talk page), discussing things with anonymous people is a waste of time I'm not particularly proud of. :)]

 * The sentence I inserted is a widely known story. Since Bossi never denied that, I inserted that. The sentence is perfectly NPOV, since it is stated clearly that it is a rumour. Even "Some people believe the earth is flat" is NPOV, for that sake. If you have any source of Bossi denying this, well spit out.
 * You still don't get, however, that $$\neq$$disagree. An article is POV if it is biased. You still have to point out one biased sentence in the article.
 * Last, you repeat this wannabe-snobbish claim of not having enough time, yet you continuously re-insert the NPOV template. and write in this page. --Orzetto 16:27, 11 September 2005 (UTC)
 * PS: get a life...

This article is biased
While I know nothing in particular about Bossi or his politics, biased comments such as "the unfairness of Italian taxation," "wages for useless state employees," "the money collected in Northern Italy has always been wasted by the Italian ruling class," etc., have no place in a Wikipedia article. At worst, they should be presented as points of view on a particular side of a conflict, not as objective fact. Bias sneaks in later in the article (less egregiously) via the "some people say" method: "often described," "compared by critics," "despised by many," etc.

This article should be flagged and rewritten.

 * Fixed to the best of my capabilities. --Orzetto 09:11, 9 September 2005 (UTC)

Bossi wasn not sentenced to 8 months uin prison for bribe but for a public donation, by Montedison, which broke the law concerning the public finanicng of political parties. The main role in this case was played by Patelli, the treasurer of the party, who was later expelled. the article also fails to mention that the money were returned by the party after the illegality of the action came up. I have noticed several other events narrated with a clear bias but I will comment on those another time. regards Alphacento — Preceding unsigned comment added by 87.8.94.160 (talk) 03:20, 25 December 2006 (UTC)

Recent Revert
I reverted the following edit by 62.101.126.228 as it did not include any reference for verification, did not fit in well with the flow of the article, referred to unknown individuals and/or did not provide links to explain whom they are, and needs improved grammar:

Not only: when Nicola Calipari had been buried in Rome with Italian flags everywehre Bossi, Calderoli (a minister), Castelli (another minister), Tremonti (another minister) and Maroni (another minister)were singing in Lugano (Swizterland)

"noi siamo padani abbiamo un sogno nel cuore bruciare il tricolore" "we are padanians we have a dream, burn the three color flag(the italian Flag) Dudes I'm Italian can you understand me? They were ministers of italian Republic. Oh dear!

--Thisisbossi 10:17, 15 August 2006 (UTC)

not a real doctor/leaving university
I read that Bossi didn t finish his university studies and his first wife left him because he lied about that. http://www.taz.de/pt/2007/03/05/a0140.1/text Should that part of the article ? —The preceding unsigned comment was added by GLGerman (talk • contribs) 11:40, 5 March 2007 (UTC).

Weasel words
"Umberto Bossi is often described by some as a neo-fascist, racist...low-cultured maverick."--I would certainly count myself as one of those people, but I think this should be re-worded less strongly for the sake of maintaining the article's neutrality, unless of course you can quote it from a respectable source (as in, not necessarily someone without any kind of political bias, but someone whose opinion gets things shifted in Italy like a govt. minister or someone). It's like those band articles in which the NPOV rules are easily swerved by prefixing a statement with "Some people say that..." or something along those lines; eg. "Many consider Iron Maiden to be the undisputed greatest metal band of all time"....d'you see what I'm getting at here?

 * To some degree I agree with what you're getting at (though try more appropriate section headings next time, please), but those very terms are often used in describing this individual. Many describe Adolf Hitler as a bad man (thank you Godwin's Law) and Mahatma Gandhi as a good man... sure you can find some praising one or villainising the other; but there is a verified stance stating the former of each viewpoint.  I'd say that these descriptions fit the common accusations made toward his creeds.  If someone can think of a better way to phrase it, have at it. --Bossi ( talk ;; contribs ) 23:31, 18 March 2007 (UTC)
 * Is this article currently not in violation of WP:BLP? --LC 01:03, 9 May 2007 (UTC)
 * I have removed the style paragraph, find some references first! --LC 01:09, 9 May 2007 (UTC)

Controversies
A number of the Controversies on the Lega Nord article center around Umberto Bossi and have specific quotes. Maybe some of that material could be worked in here. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 204.52.215.67 (talk) 21:05, 20 October 2007 (UTC)

 * Not to mention there are various controversies focused on Bossi himself; what about the fact that he spent aimlessly 20 years or so in university and that he lied to his first wife about being a doctor? . Oh, and he still had a long way to go  to finish hist studies....

Links
Please note that the link in "Interview" doesn't lead to the title it is supposed to point. (May be the article had been removed or it was directed to a temporary page ...) Anyway it should be fixed. The problem is "how", since I was unable to re-find that article again.

Similar problems happen with the citations and references, especially if taken from old newspapers (they seems to remove old articles after a certain date). I cannot figure out how we can circumvent these kind of problems. Keith 64 (talk) 06:12, 26 August 2009 (UTC)

This page has libelous material to be removed
I was advised to ask you what I wrote to them. The page of Umberto Bossi has not only unflattering material but libelous, fake material. Other people tried to change it but they were either blocked or the same material came back. There must be something serious behind I think. Could you please help? We prefer to solve the issue without legal actions but we need your help. Thank You Nicoletta Maggi (private secretary od Senator Umberto Bossi) Here what I wrote to them:

DearSir,

I was advised to write to you by the Legal Wikimedia Foundation as I don't know how to solve the problem. Mrs Katie Francis wrote to me that you will help me with the wikipedia page of senator Umberto Bossi.

I'm Nicoletta Maggi, the secretary of Senator Umberto Bossi, founder of the Northern League a former leader of the party.

His wikipedia page is not only full of false and misleading information on him and on his family, there are also defamation and libel. things that could lead senator Bossi to bring an action against wikipedia.

As he prefers to solve the problems in a peaceful way without lawyers, I'm asking you how to change the page.

Above all, he is with a clean record, irreproachable, like his family. He has no processes anymore, also the president of the Republic, Sergio Mattarella, grant grace to him last December for the alleged offences to the former President of the Republic Giorgio Napolitano.

And it's not true that Roberto Maroni found the party with him. The party was found by him on April 1984 and Maroni joined in 1989.

In all the processes both Milan and Genoa he is out and incensurat, irreproachable. Why cannot the page be changed? It's unfair. These are a few agency launches proving that.

1) >>>ANSA/ Fondi Lega:prescritta truffa, ma resta confisca 49 mln >>>ANSA/ Fondi Lega:prescritta truffa, ma resta confisca 49 mln Cassazione annulla senza rinvio condanne a Bossi e Belsito (di Lorenzo Attianese e Melania Di Giacomo) (ANSA) - ROMA, 6 AGO - Reati prescritti per Umberto Bossi e Francesco Belsito nel procedimento sulla truffa per i rimborsi elettorali. Ma la confisca dei 49 milioni alla Lega è confermata e definitiva. Lo ha deciso la sentenza della Cassazione, che dopo 5 ore di camera di consiglio ha annullato senza rinvio le condanne e le confische personali per l'allora leader della Lega e l'ex tesoriere del partito. Ma non si 'salva' il Carroccio, su cui continua a pendere la maxi-confisca. Belsito resta responsabile di appropriazione indebita: per lui ci sarà in questo caso la rideterminazione della pena in Appello. Confermate le condanne per i revisori Diego Sanavio e Antonio Turci, accusati di indebita percezione di erogazioni a danno dello Stato. Assolto il terzo revisore Stefano Aldovisi. Il processo di secondo grado, per l'ipotizzata truffa aggravata ai danni dello Stato da parte dei due esponenti dell'allora Lega Nord, si era invece concluso con la sostanziale conferma del verdetto di primo grado: i giudici avevano inflitto 1 anno e 10 mesi a Bossi e 3 anni e 9 mesi a Belsito. Secondo l'accusa il partito aveva ottenuto i rimborsi elettorali ai danni del Parlamento, tra il 2008 e il 2010, falsificando rendiconti e il bilancio. Durante l'udienza in Cassazione, Belsito aveva chiesto la ricusazione dei giudici del collegio della sezione feriale chiamato a decidere sulle condanne dopo che il suo avvocato aveva avanzato istanza di "rinvio per integrazione documentale", rilevando che in cancelleria mancava il fascicolo relativo al dibattimento di primo grado e la "documentazione sui conti correnti del partito Lega". Una richiesta bocciata dai giudici del collegio deputato a decidere e che ha dato il via alla Camera di consiglio che ha poi emesso la sentenza. Nella sua requisitoria il Pg, Marco Dall'Olio, aveva invece chiesto la conferma delle condanne per Belsito e Bossi, parlando di "indubbie spese per la famiglia Bossi". "Non è vero che i rendiconti erano solo generici. Erano anche falsi: si diceva 'rimborso autisti'. Ma in realtà si finanziava la famiglia Bossi. E non è un aspetto secondario - aveva sottolineato Dall'Olio -, è sotto questo profilo che si configura il reato di truffa". Le condanne in Appello per truffa aggravata allo Stato e la confisca di oltre 49 milioni di euro erano arrivate dopo le inchieste della Procure di Milano e Genova da cui emersero una serie di spese del partito per la famiglia Bossi. Queste ultime erano contenute in una cartella dalla scritta "The family", che conterrebbe anche i pagamenti per i corsi della laurea di Renzo Bossi, figlio del senatur. Ad essere sotto accusa era dunque la violazione delle leggi per l'erogazione di quelli che vengono chiamati "rimborsi elettorali". Resta aperta invece la questione della conferma della sentenza di secondo grado al processo gemello di Milano. Il prossimo 11 settembre la Cassazione è chiamata a decidere sul ricorso della procura generale di Milano, che chiede di estendere anche ai due Bossi la querela presenta dal leader della Lega Matteo Salvini nei confronti del solo Belsito. Anche in quel caso Belsito ha ricusato il collegio e se la richiesta dovesse essere accolta si dovrebbe costituire un nuovo collegio. Se invece fosse respinta, si avrebbe poi la sentenza.(ANSA). ATN-KZV 06-AGO-19 22:31 NNN

2 Fondi Lega: Renzo Bossi, 49 milioni sempre in casse partito Fondi Lega: Renzo Bossi, 49 milioni sempre in casse partito Dei 147mila euro spese contestatemi neanche un euro accertato (ANSA) - ROMA, 7 AGO - "I 49 milioni in discussione nel processo di Genova, come controllabile dai bilanci pubblicati sul sito della Lega, sono sempre stati nelle casse del partito". Così in una precisazione Renzo Bossi giudica "assolutamente falso e inventato" il loro utilizzo "per spese familiari". "Il reato contestato nel processo di Genova sarebbe di aver preso i rimborsi elettorali avendo depositato bilanci errati; il deposito dei bilanci era l'unico requisito per poter ricevere finanziamenti pubblici ai partiti in base alla percentuale presa alle elezioni", aggiunge Renzo Bossi. Per quanto riguarda il processo di Milano, Renzo Bossi precisa che di "147.000 euro di spese non vi è nemmeno 1,00 euro pagato dal partito a mio favore accertato; tanto è vero che molte delle spese sono state derubricate a 'tentata appropriazione' (quindi senza nessun pagamento effettuato) e per altre sono stato assolto". "Quindi, si parla di spese contestate non accertate", conclude. (ANSA). TZ 07-AGO-19 15:15 NNN

3 >>>ANSA/ Fondi Lega:sfogo Bossi,caso cavalcato e io defenestrato >>>ANSA/ Fondi Lega:sfogo Bossi,caso cavalcato e io defenestrato Figlio,49 mln in casse partito. Belsito, confronto con Salvini (di Lorenzo Attianese) (ANSA) - ROMA, 7 AGO - Una vicenda "cavalcata da altri" e un verdetto che il giorno dopo rispolvera vecchi dissapori politici nella Lega. Il fondatore del Carroccio, Umberto Bossi, si sfoga all'indomani della sentenza della Cassazione che sancisce la prescrizione per il reato di truffa per il 'senatur' e l'ex tesoriere Francesco Belsito nel procedimento sui rimborsi al partito. Resta confermata invece la confisca dei 49 milioni di euro alla Lega. Belsito resta responsabile del reato di appropriazione indebita: per lui ci sarà in questo caso la rideterminazione della pena in Appello. "Non ho avuto conseguenze sul piano penale ma quei soldi li ho presi e lasciati nella cassa del partito. L'unico rammarico è che per questa vicenda, cavalcata da altri, sono stato defenestrato. Il partito, che era il mio partito, oggi è di altri. Mi sento dignitosamente riabilitato come politico e come uomo", ha spiegato Bossi attraverso le parole del suo legale Domenico Mariani. Belsito, da parte sua, ha detto di essere "stato lasciato a lottare da solo. Ma io ho la coscienza a posto. Ho lasciato i conti in ordine, i miei investimenti hanno generato tutti plusvalenze. Quello che è successo dopo non devono chiederlo a me, non posso sapere come hanno usato quei soldi Maroni e Salvini", aggiungendo di essere disposto ad un confronto con l'attuale leader leghista "per dimostrare la mia buona fede e il mio buon governo dei fondi della Lega". Nella loro sentenza, i giudici della Cassazione hanno annullato le condanne e le confische personali per Umberto Bossi e l'ex tesoriere del partito. Confermate le condanne per i revisori Diego Sanavio e Antonio Turci, accusati di indebita percezione di erogazioni a danno dello Stato. Assolto il terzo revisore Stefano Aldovisi. In particolare, per il 'senatur' viene annullata la confisca di un quinto del vitalizio da ex parlamentare europeo e di una parte della casa di sua proprietà. Prima della sentenza nella sua requisitoria il Pg, Marco Dall'Olio, aveva invece chiesto la conferma delle condanne per Belsito e Bossi, spiegando: "Non è vero che i rendiconti erano solo generici. Erano anche falsi: si diceva 'rimborso autisti'. Ma in realtà si finanziava la famiglia Bossi. E non è un aspetto secondario - aveva sottolineato Dall'Olio -, è sotto questo profilo che si configura il reato di truffa". Ma per Renzo Bossi, figlio del fondatore della Lega, "i 49 milioni in discussione nel processo di Genova, come controllabile dai bilanci pubblicati sul sito della Lega, sono sempre stati nelle casse del partito" ed è "assolutamente falso e inventato" il loro utilizzo "per spese familiari". Resta aperta invece la questione della sentenza di secondo grado al processo gemello di Milano: il prossimo 11 settembre la Suprema Corte è chiamata a decidere sul ricorso della procura generale di Milano, che chiede di estendere anche ai due Bossi la querela presentata dal leader della Lega Matteo Salvini nei confronti del solo Belsito. ATN 07-AGO-19 18:02 NNN

I also have articles to prove everything I say. If you need them, feel free to ask me.

I hope you will help me.

Thank You very much, I remain

Sincerely Yours

Nicoletta Maggi (private secretary and press officer of Senator Umberto Bossi) — Preceding unsigned comment added by 80.64.127.5 (talk) 12:24, 14 January 2020 (UTC)

 * I've added one of the most recent rulings by the Cassazione as reported by international media. Do you have suggestions on how to translate "Truffa aggravata per il conseguimento di erogazioni pubbliche" (art. 640 bis cp)? Nemo 22:54, 25 February 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Umberto Bossi


text:
Alain Vivien

Alain Vivien (born August 20, 1938) is a French Socialist Party (PS) politician, best known for chairing (1998–2002) the French Mission Interministérielle pour la Lutte contre les Sectes, MILS, a ministerial organization designed to observe the activities of various religious organizations defined as "Sectes" (cults).

Early career
He was mayor of Combs-la-Ville in 1977–1983 and 1989–1992. In 1983 he was elected to the French National Assembly for Seine-et-Marne as a PS candidate. The author of a report on cults requested by Prime Minister Pierre Mauroy in 1982, he was Secretary of State under Édith Cresson in 1991–1992. From 1997 to 1998 he was president of the Centre contre les manipulations mentales.

Awards

 * Leipzig Human Rights Award, May 11, 2002

title: Alain Vivien


text: Category:Futsal

title: Category:Futsal


text:
Xfinity 500

The Xfinity 500 is a NASCAR Cup Series stock car race held at Martinsville Speedway in Ridgeway, Virginia. The race is traditionally held in the fall and has been run in every NASCAR Cup Series season, starting with the sixth event in the inaugural 1949 season, making it the oldest NASCAR race on the schedule. It is currently the ninth race of ten in the Cup Series playoffs, and the final race of the Round of 8. Since 2015, NBC has held the broadcast rights for the final 20 races of the season, including this race. Ryan Blaney is the defending winner of the event.

Prior to lights being installed, the race started at 1:30 p.m. Eastern, generally the earliest start time among the playoff races on the schedule, in an attempt to finish the race before darkness. Following a series of incidents involving both the October Late Model race and the NASCAR Cup races in the 2010s, most notably both fall 2015 races that ended in near-darkness, the track added lights for the 2017 season. The NASCAR Cup Series fall race now finishes at night, and the Late Model race is held at night. The Tums sponsorship returned in 2008, as their Goody's Powder brand sponsored the race from 1983 to 1995 and returned as a sponsor for the spring race in 2007. Tums and Goody's sponsored the fall race through 2016. As per Martinsville tradition, the winner of this race receives a custom-built grandfather clock.

Past winners

 * 1954 & 1958: Race shortened due to darkness.
 * 1967–1970: Richard Petty went on to win 4 consecutive Martinsville Fall Races in this time frame. He would become the f1st of only 2 drivers in the track's history, and the only driver in the history of the Fall Race, to win the same Martinsville event 4 years in a row. Rusty Wallace would accomplish this feat in the spring race from 1993–1996.
 * 1973 & 1976: Race shortened due to rain.
 * 2001: Race postponed from Sunday to Monday due to rain.
 * 2007–2009, 2015, 2017, and 2021: Race extended due to NASCAR overtime.

Track length notes

 * 1949–1968: 0.5-mile course
 * 1969, 1984–present: 0.526-mile course
 * 1970–1983: 0.525-mile course

title: Xfinity 500


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Talk:Greater Vancouver Bridges

Template
Whether or not this page is deleted, I think a template would be a good idea. Here one I whiped up that still needs work:

What do ya think? •Zhatt• 18:15, July 20, 2005 (UTC)
 * Did it. Template:Bridges of Greater Vancouver •Zhatt• 23:11, July 20, 2005 (UTC)

On July 10 2005 this page was nominated for deletion. The result of the debate was to merge and redirect. See Votes for deletion/Greater Vancouver Bridges for discussion. Mackensen (talk) 13:36, 24 July 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Greater Vancouver Bridges


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Tapejara wellnhoferi

Tapejara (from a Tupi word meaning "the lord of the ways" ) is a genus of Brazilian pterosaur from the Cretaceous Period (Santana Formation, dating to about 127 to 112 million years ago). Tapejara crests consisted of a semicircular crest over the snout, and a bony prong which extended back behind the head. It was a small pterosaur, with a wingspan of approximately 1.23 - 1.3 m.

Species and classification
The type species and only one currently recognized as valid by most researchers, is T. wellnhoferi. The specific name honors German paleontologist Peter Wellnhofer. Two larger species, originally named Tapejara imperator and Tapejara navigans, were later classified in the genus Tapejara. However, several studies have shown that T. imperator and T. navigans are significantly different from T. wellnhoferi and therefore were reclassified into new genera. The species T. imperator was given its own genus, Tupandactylus, by Alexander Kellner and Diogenes de Almeida Campos. Unwin and Martill found that T. imperator and T. navigans belong in the same genus, and named them Ingridia imperator and I. navigans, respectively. This genus name honored Wellnhofer's late wife Ingrid.

Because Tupandactylus was named first, it retained priority over the name Ingridia. To complicate matters, both the name Tupandactylus and Ingridia used the former Tapejara imperator as their type species. The scientists who described Tupandactylus did not name a Tupandactylus navigans (but instead suggested it was synonymous to Tupandactylus imperator), and Tapejara navigans was not formally reclassified as a distinct species of Tupandactylus until 2011.

The cladogram below follows a phylogenetic analysis by Kellner, the describer of Tapejara, and colleagues in 2019. They recovered Tapejara within the Tapejarini (a tribe within the family Tapejaridae), sister taxon to three other genera: Europejara, Caiuajara, and Tupandactylus.

Paleobiology
Comparisons between the scleral rings of Tapejara and modern birds and reptiles suggest that it may have been cathemeral, active throughout the day at short intervals.

title: Tapejara wellnhoferi