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Talk:Blood, Sweat and Tears (album)

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title: Talk:Blood, Sweat and Tears (album)


text:
Melanne Verveer

Melanne Verveer, born on June 24, 1944, in Pottsville, Pennsylvania, is the executive director of the Georgetown Institute for Women, Peace, and Security at Georgetown University. She also holds positions as a founding partner of Seneca Point Global, a women's strategy firm, and as a co-founder of Seneca Women. Verveer co-authored the book "Fast Forward: How Women Can Achieve Power and Purpose" with Kim Azzarelli.

From April 6, 2009, to May 8, 2013, Verveer served as the first United States Ambassador-at-Large for Global Women's Issues, a position established by President Barack Obama. During her tenure, she directed the Office of Global Women's Issues.

Previously, Verveer served as the Chair and Co-CEO of Vital Voices Global Partnership, which she co-founded with Hillary Clinton in 2001. Vital Voices is a global NGO that supports emerging female leaders who are advancing economic, political and social progress in their societies.

During the Clinton Administration, Verveer served as Assistant to President Bill Clinton and Chief of Staff to the First Lady Hillary Clinton. Among her duties was overseeing Hillary Clinton's global initiatives on women's rights as human rights.

Prior to serving in the White House, she was executive director of People for the American Way, a progressive advocacy group, where she was involved in the passage of civil rights legislation. Earlier, she was Coordinator for Civil Rights and Urban Affairs for the U.S. Catholic Conference. She served on the staff of US Senator George McGovern and Representative Marcy Kaptur.

She is a member of the Council on Foreign Relations, the Trilateral Commission and the World Bank Advisory Council on Gender and Development. She served as the 2013 Humanitas visiting professor at Cambridge University. In 2008, the President of Ukraine awarded her the Order of Princess Olga. She holds several honorary degrees and is the recipient of numerous awards, including the U.S. Secretary's Distinguished Service Award.

Personal life
Verveer was born in Pottsville, Pennsylvania. She is married to Philip Verveer, a Washington communications lawyer who served as Ambassador and U.S. Coordinator for International Communications and Information Policy. They have three children and two granddaughters.

Clinton administration
Verveer served as Deputy Assistant to President Clinton (1993–96) and then as Assistant to President Clinton (1997–2000). (See: Executive Office of the President of the United States) As a member of the White House Senior Staff, she provided advice and implemented a wide range of substantive policies, including judicial selection and legal services, arts policies, healthcare, and women's issues. She was instrumental in the adoption of the Victims of Trafficking and Violence Protection Act of 2000 and led the effort to establish the President's Interagency Council on Women.

First, as Deputy Chief of Staff (1993–1996) and then as Chief of Staff to the First Lady (1997 2000), she served as Mrs. Clinton's chief assistant for her international activities. (See: Office of the First Lady of the United States) These included overseeing her global initiatives on women's rights as human rights, democracy-building micro-enterprise, girls' education, and other development programs. She organized the first lady's foreign trips to over 70 countries. She helped to create the US government's Vital Voices Democracy Initiative to promote women's economic and political progress. The initiative grew out of the US response to the UN's Fourth World Conference on Women, which took place in Beijing in 1995. It was in Beijing that Hillary Clinton made her historic Women's Rights Are Human Rights speech." Verveer was responsible for much of the planning for the US participation in the Beijing conference.

In her White House memoirs, Clinton notes, "A true policy wonk who loves the complexities and nuances of issues, Melanne had worked for years on Capitol Hill and in the advocacy world. I used to joke there wasn't a single person in Washington she didn't know. Not only was she a legend in the nation's capital; but so was her Rolodex. … There is no way to catalog the many projects that Melanne masterminded. … She also became a key player on the president's team, advocating for policies affecting women, human rights, legal services, and the arts."

Obama administration
In 2009, President Obama nominated Verveer as the first United States Ambassador-at-Large for Global Women's Issues at the United States Department of State. She was confirmed by the Senate in April 2009. She served as Ambassador from 2009-2013, working closely with Hillary Clinton to coordinate foreign policy issues and activities relating to the political, economic and social advancement of women and girls, traveling to nearly 60 countries, including Myanmar, Papua New Guinea, Afghanistan, and the Democratic Republic of Congo. She worked to fully integrate women's participation and rights into U.S. foreign policy and to mobilize concrete support for women's political and economic empowerment through public–private partnership, participation in bilateral strategic dialogues, and the agendas of multilateral organizations and policy initiatives. During Clinton's tenure, women's issues were recognized as integral to foreign policy. Several new policies were adopted, including Secretarial Policy Guidance on Gender Equality and the National Action Plan on Women, Peace and Security. Their work recognized the role of women's economic participation in multilateral organizations, including leadership on "Women & Economy in APEC. Verveer also met frequently with women who were on the front lines of the "Arab Awakening". President Obama appointed Verveer as Ambassador to the Commission on the Status of Women. She also served as the Co-Chair of the US-Afghan Women's Council.

To mark Women's History Month at the White House in 2013, President Obama recognized Verveer's achievements and noted that he was making the position of Ambassador for Global Women's Issues permanent. He issued a presidential memorandum to that effect.

Obama said, "We're also seeing an expanded opportunity for women to reach their full potential around the world. That's in large part because four years ago, a former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, a tireless advocate for women herself, designated an Ambassador-at-Large for Global Women's Issues whose sole job it is to make sure that women and girls are a central part of every aspect of our foreign policy, that their concerns are considered at the highest level of our diplomatic decision-making. For four years, the incredible Melanne Verveer held that role. We're so grateful for her service, along with the millions of women around the world that she helped to amplify and helped to fight alongside on the causes that are so important."

Georgetown University
Verveer is the executive director at the Georgetown Institute for Women, Peace, and Security.

Vital Voices
Verveer co-founded the international NGO, Vital Voices Global Partnership in 2001 to continue the work – begun by then-First Lady Hillary Clinton – to support emerging women leaders in building vibrant democracies and strong economies. Vital Voices focuses on expanding women's participation in politics and civil society, increasing women's entrepreneurship and fighting human rights abuses, particularly the trafficking of women and children. The Vital Voices Global Leadership Network connects thousands of women leaders who have participated in Vital Voices conferences and training programs around the globe. Verveer served as Chair of the Board and Co-CEO until early 2009.

Hillary Clinton addressed the Vital Voices annual awards gala at the Kennedy Center every year since its inception. In 2013, Clinton honored Verveer for her service to advancing women's progress.

Recognition

 * Foremother Award from The National Center for Health Research (2017)
 * US Secretary of State, Award for Distinguished Service (2013)
 * Global Partnership for Afghanistan, Seeding the Future Award (2013)
 * International Center for Research on Women, Champions for Change Leadership Award (2013)
 * Virtue Foundation, Humanitarian Award (2013)
 * Earth Day Network, Women Green Economy Leadership Award (2013)
 * IREX, Founder's Day Award (2013)
 * Achiana, Leadership Award (2013)
 * I Live 2 Lead Trailblazer Award (2013)
 * Global Fairness Award (2012)
 * Nizami Ganjavi International Award (2012)
 * Fast Company, 60 Influencers Who are Changing the World (2012)
 * Francophone Ambassadors Award (2012)
 * Newsweek, 150 Fearless Women in the World (2012)
 * Enterprising Women Hall of Fame (2012)
 * Futures Without Violence, Global Impact Award (2012)
 * Jewish World Watch, I Witness Award (2012)
 * Oxford University Said Business School, Womensphere Global Award (2011)
 * Somaly Mam Foundation Award (2011)
 * Newsweek, 150 Women Who Shake the World (2011)
 * Emily Couric Women's Leadership Award (2011)
 * Interaction Breakthrough Award (2011)
 * Innocents at Risk, Woman of Courage Award (2011)
 * Delivered the NYC Bar Association Justice Ginsburg Distinguished Lecture on Women and Law (2010)
 * AVON Public Service Champions Award (2010)
 * Boston World Affairs Council (2010)
 * Christian Herter Memorial Award from the Boston World Affairs Council (2010)
 * Women's Foreign Policy Group Award (2010)
 * National Council for Research on Women, Making a Difference Award (2010)
 * Meridian International Center, Meridian Award (2009)
 * Birmingham Southern College, Women of Achievement (2008)
 * President of Ukraine, Awarded the Order of Princess Olga (2008)
 * Basilian Humanitarian Award (1998)
 * National Council of Ukrainian Women, Public Service Award (1997)
 * People for the American Way, First Amendment Award
 * American Association Of University Women, Woman of Distinction Award

Honorary degrees

 * Ulster University, Northern Ireland (2013)
 * Franklin and Marshall (2013)
 * Smith College (2013)
 * Agnes Scott College (2011)

Board memberships

 * Asia Foundation (Board)
 * Atlantic Council (Board)
 * Center for Budget and Policy Priorities (Board)
 * World Bank Advisory Council on Gender and Development (Board)
 * National Endowment for Democracy (Board)
 * Trilateral Commission (Member)
 * Council on Foreign Relations (Member)

Publications

 * "Closing the Internet Gender Gap," Huffington Post
 * "Why Women Are a Foreign Policy Issue," Foreign Policy
 * "Lift Up Women to Lift Up the World," CNN
 * "At Davos: Investing in Women Emerges as a Business Strategy," The Daily Beast
 * "Our Commitment to Afghan Women," The Huffington Post
 * "Eleven Words," The Huffington Post
 * "Celebrating the Power of Collaboration," Business Fight Poverty

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Melanne Verveer


text:
Y-STR

A Y-STR is a short tandem repeat (STR) on the Y-chromosome. Y-STRs are often used in forensics, paternity, and genealogical DNA testing. Y-STRs are taken specifically from the male Y chromosome. These Y-STRs provide a weaker analysis than autosomal STRs because the Y chromosome is only found in males, which are only passed down by the father, making the Y chromosome in any paternal line practically identical. This causes a significantly smaller amount of distinction between Y-STR samples. Autosomal STRs provide a much stronger analytical power because of the random matching that occurs between pairs of chromosomes during the zygote-making process.

Nomenclature
Y-STRs are assigned names by the HUGO gene nomenclature committee (HGNC).

Some testing companies have different formats for the way STR markers are written. For example, the marker DYS455 may be written as DYS455, DYS 455, DYS#455, or DYS# 455. The scientific standard accepted by HUGO and NIST is DYS455.

DYS
DYS is a variation on the jargon used in human autosomal STR testing where the second character is typically reserved for the chromosome number (e.g. D8S1179).

D = DNA

Y = Y-chromosome

S = (unique) segment

Y-STR analysis
There are regions on DNA that are made up of multiple copies of short repeating sequences of bases (for example TATT) which repeat a variable number of times depending on the individual. These regions, called "variable number short tandem repeats", are what is looked at when performing STR analysis. The likelihood of two people having the same number of repeated sequences is extremely small, and becomes even smaller the more regions that are analyzed. This makes up the basis of short tandem repeat analysis. The cornerstone for this process, however, is polymerase chain reaction (PCR). This allows forensic scientists to make millions of copies of the STR regions. Gel electrophoresis then "yields the number of times each repeat unit appears in the fragment." This allows for easy comparison of DNA.

STRs and forensics
In the United States, 13 different autosomal STR loci are used as a basis of analysis for forensic purposes. If crime scene DNA is ample and all 13 autosomal loci accessible, the likelihood of two unrelated people matching the same sample is around one in one billion.

The basis for the profile probability estimation for Y-STR analysis is the counting method. The application of a confidence interval accounts for database size and sampling variation. The Y haplotype frequency (p) is calculated using the p = x/N formula, where x is equal to the number of times the haplotype is observed in a database containing N number of haplotypes. For example, if a haplotype has been observed twice in a database of N = 2000, the frequency of that haplotype will be: 2/2000 = 0.001. Reporting a Y haplotype frequency, without a confidence interval, is acceptable but only provides a factual statement regarding observations of a Y haplotype in the database. An upper confidence limit for the probability of the Y haplotype in the population should be calculated using the method described by Clopper and Pearson (1934). This uses the binomial distribution for the probabilities of counts, including zero or other small numbers that are found for Y haplotypes.

Databases
Forensic databases (without individual information, for frequency purposes):
 * US Y-STR Database
 * Y Chromosome Haplotype Reference Database

In genetic genealogy, Ysearch used to be the last sponsored database containing publicly submitted surnames and Y-STR haplotypes until its decommission on May 24, 2018, preceding by a day the implementation of the General Data Protection Regulation in the European Union, following a prolonged period of lacking support from its creator, Family Tree DNA. The database was founded in 2003 and reached 219 thousand records (among which 152 thousand unique haplotypes) before its shutdown. Other similar databases had disappeared earlier.

Haplogroup (Y-SNP) specific data:
 * Haplozone: The E-M35 Phylogeny Project (former E3b Project)

Diagrams

 * National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) – Y STR Positions along Y Chromosome

Fact sheets

 * National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) – Summary List of Y Chromosome STR Loci and Available Fact Sheets
 * National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) – STR Fact Sheets
 * dna.reinyday.com – DYS464
 * Y-STR markers – Details and statistics

Databases

 * yhrd.org – Y Chromosome Haplotype Reference Database
 * usystrdatabase.org – U.S. Y-STR Database
 * – Applied Biosystems YFiler Database
 * ysearch.org – Y-DNA database

Tutorials

 * Understanding Y-DNA Short Tandem Repeat (STR)
 * Y-STR Marker Types
 * Calculation of Genetic Distance
 * STR training materials

title: Y-STR


text:
Whittier Law School

Whittier Law School was a law school in Costa Mesa, California founded in 1966. The law school was part of Whittier College, a private institution. After several years being ranked among the poorest-performing law schools in the United States based on bar passage rate and job placement, Whittier Law School announced in April 2017 that it would no longer be admitting students and would discontinue its legal program, becoming the first law school with full accreditation by the American Bar Association (ABA) to shut down in at least 30 years. Since the school's closure, transcript requests are now handled by Whittier College.

History
The school was founded as the Beverly College of Law in 1966, and was originally located in the Hancock Park area of Los Angeles' Westside. It was a private, nonprofit educational institution intended to meet the growing need for a law school in the Los Angeles metropolitan area.

In 1974, the Whittier College Board of Trustees voted to merge the Beverly College of Law into Whittier College. In 1975, the Law School became known as the Whittier College School of Law and later as Whittier Law School. In response to a significant gift to the Law School, the Hancock Park building was dedicated as the Ross McCollum Law Center during a ceremony at which Supreme Court Associate Justice Byron R. White presented the major address.

During the 1990s, the Law School, along with leaders at Whittier College, decided to relocate the campus to Orange County in order to satisfy space needs and in response to requests by the community for an ABA law school in Orange County. In 1996, the college acquired the present 14-acre campus in Costa Mesa, remodeled the buildings on the site to accommodate the needs of the Law School, and moved the faculty and students over a period of three years. In 1997, the move was completed and Supreme Court Associate Justice Anthony Kennedy gave the major address at the opening ceremony.

In 2013, Chief Justice of California Tani Cantil-Sakauye spoke at the grand opening of the law school's 4400 sqft court room. A substantial amount of the funds to build the new $2 million facility was donated by Paul Kiesel, a Whittier alumnus and partner at Kiesel Law, LLP. Over 150 contributors, including alumni, faculty, judges, law firms, members of the Orange County community, and Whittier Law School student groups, were responsible for the remainder.

In April 2017, the school announced that it would admit no more first-year students and would work with the 400 current students to complete their degree. It became the first fully accredited law school in the country to announce closure in a time of challenge for legal education institutions. The school ceased all operations in July 2020.

Academics
Whittier Law School offered both full and part-time J.D. programs. The full-time program took three years to complete, while the part-time program took four years to complete.

Accreditation
In 1978, the American Bar Association (ABA) granted Whittier Law School provisional accreditation. In 1985, Whittier Law School was fully accredited by the ABA and in 1987 it became a member of the Association of American Law Schools (AALS).

On August 9, 2005, the ABA, concerned about Whittier Law School's low bar passage rates, placed the law school's accreditation on probationary status for two years. On August 10, 2007, the ABA extended the probation until February 15, 2009. Under the ABA's rules, the law school remained fully accredited during the probation period, and all students who entered and graduated during this period are deemed to have graduated from an ABA accredited law school.

On April 17, 2008, the ABA Accreditation Committee recommended to the Council of the Section of Legal Education and Admissions to the Bar that Whittier Law School be removed from probation. Dean Cogan reported:

"The Law School requested this action on February 14, 2008, because the bar passage rates of our graduates for the five-year period, 2003-07, show compliance with the ABA bar passage rule, Interpretation 301-6. We fully expect that the Council will accept the Committee's recommendation at its meeting on June 6 and remove the Law School from its probationary status."

On June 7, 2008, the ABA officially removed Whittier Law School from its probationary status.

According to the ABA Section on Legal Education & Admissions to the Bar, Section 301-6(a)(1)(b) states that graduating law students within the last five calendar years must pass a state bar examination at a minimum of 75% in at least three of the five calendar years.

Bar passage rates
Whittier Law School hired a new Director of Academic Services to begin in the 2011-2012 academic year. Subsequently, the law school had the lowest bar exam pass rate of all California ABA-accredited law schools for first-time takers for the July 2016 exam at 22%; for first-time takers for the July 2015 exam at 38%; for first-time takers for the February 2015 exam at 30%; and for first-time takers for the July 2014 exam at 43%.

Rankings
In 2010, The Princeton Review featured Whittier Law School in its 2011 edition of "The 172 Best Law Schools", highlighting the school's emphasis on small class sizes, an active student body, and practical externship opportunities in intellectual property, criminal, family, business law. In January 2011, Whitter scored a "B−" among "Best Public Interest Law Schools" listing by The National Jurist: The Magazine for Law Students.

On March 22, 2012 U.S. News & World Report included Whittier Law School in its list of "10 Law Schools That Lead to the Most Debt".

In 2015, Whittier was recognized by U.S. News & World Report as the country's fourth most ethnically diverse law school. The website reported that 23% of Whittier students were Hispanic, the school's largest minority. The Council on Legal Education Opportunity (CLEO) selected Whittier to host two seminars for students from diverse backgrounds over the weekend of June 27–28, 2015. The program's stated goal was "to prepare talented, motivated, yet underrepresented students with guidance in becoming successful law students." On November 14, 2015, the law school planned to host a day-long law school assessment conference, called "Building an Assessment Plan from the Ground Up," designed to help law schools comply with the assessment requirements recently added by the American Bar Association for accreditation.

Admission statistics
For the Class of 2013:
 * Number of applications: 2,165
 * Number of students enrolled: 303
 * Number of non-white students: 134
 * Median range of LSAT: 150-154
 * Median range of GPA: 2.75-3.28
 * Median age: 27

For the Class of 2016:
 * Number of applications: 1,579
 * Number of students Enrolled: 221
 * Number of non-white students: 116
 * Median range of LSAT: 145-152
 * Median range of GPA: 2.61-3.26
 * Median age: 25

Graduation rates
Class of 2013 (256 students matriculated in 2010; 174 students graduated in 2013) (61 students matriculated in 2009; 30 students graduated in 2013)
 * Full-time: 67.97%
 * Part-time: 49.18%

Tuition
The full-time tuition for the 2014–2015 school year was $42,400.

Debt
In a 2012 article, the average debt of Whittier Law School graduates was $138,961. Average debt was $154,267 for 2013 grads. For 2011 it was the 11th highest of 201 ABA accredited law schools. Of 2013 grads who were employed (approximately half were unemployed), nine months after graduation they had a median starting salary of $62,400. In 2017, it was reported that in the previous year graduates "had an average of $179,000 in pre-interest debt, the second-highest total among all law schools in the country", citing Law School Transparency.

Publications
Whittier Law School had two scholarly publications: the Whittier Law Review and the Whittier Journal of Child and Family Advocacy, and one student-run newspaper, the Zealous Advocate.

According to a ranking conducted by the Washington & Lee Law School, the Whittier Law Review was ranked 109th out of 192 law reviews evaluated. According to a ranking of law reviews on the basis of the prominence of the lead article authors, conducted in 2007 by two professors at the Shepard Broad Law Center, the Whittier Law Review was ranked 121st out of 171 law reviews evaluated. The Law Review was a student-run organization publishing a collection of articles of legal scholarship four times annually.

Programs
Whittier Law School had centers in children's rights, intellectual property law, and international and comparative law. These centers hosted fellows, offered externships, and sponsored symposia and workshops. The law school also offered concentrations in criminal law, business law, and environmental law for students who wished to take additional, specialized courses in those areas.

Whittier Law School offered students the opportunity to study abroad. For summer 2015, the law school offered summer programs accredited by the American Bar Association (ABA) in China, Israel, and Spain.

Whittier Law School regularly hosted symposiums and expert panels for academic discussion of contemporary issues. In September 2014, in conjunction with Orange County Coastkeeper, the school hosted an all-day symposium with a continuing-education component, called "Our Coast To Keep: Environmental Law Enforcement in Southern California." In April 2015, the school hosted a symposium on assisted reproductive technology.

Costs
The total cost of attendance (indicating the cost of tuition, fees, and living expenses) at Whittier Law School for the 2013–2014 academic year was $72,780. The Law School Transparency estimated debt-financed cost of attendance for three years is $261,501.

Legal employment prospects of matriculating students
According to Whittier's consumer information page and class of 2013 employment status as reported to the ABA, of the 317 entering students only 210 students graduated and were awarded a degree by Whittier. Of the entering Class of 2013 (matriculated in 2010 as full-time and 2009 as part-time) only 64.3% graduated with a degree from Whittier; however, excluding transfers (29 students transferred), 72.9% of the entering class graduated from Whittier. Otherwise, of the 2013 Class, 46 students were academically disqualified involuntarily and 13 voluntarily withdrew.

Accordingly, for the 2013 class, excluding transfers of 29 students, only 210 of 288 students graduated, meaning the employment rate in full-time long term jobs requiring bar passage (e.g. attorney) who were practicing law nine months after graduation of the 2013 entering class was only 19.44%. Disregarding transfers, of the Class of 2013, approximately only one out of five students who entered Whittier graduated and became a lawyer in a full-time long term position within nine months of graduation.

Employment status of graduates
In 2015, National Jurist magazine ranked Whittier Law School 12th in the nation for improved employment. Graduates with full-time jobs increased 13.8% from the Class of 2013 to the Class of 2014. Of the jobs as lawyers, 23.9% reported working in law firms, 1.9% in government, and 0.4% in both federal clerkship and public interest. Of graduates, 85 students (40.9%) reported themselves as "unemployed-seeking" nine months after graduation. The same number, 85 students of the 2013 graduating class, did not pass the California bar exam. Of those in the Class of 2013 who graduated, passed the bar, and became licensed (126 students), 69 (54.7%) were practicing law nine months after graduation and only 54 (44.8%) were able to find full-time long term employment as lawyers (two reported full-time and short-term). No one reported being a solo practitioner. Within the 2013 graduating class not "bar passage required" (practicing law as an attorney) or "JD advantage" type of job, 30 were employed "professionally" or in a "non-professional" position nine months after graduation. The same number of students also graduated from the part-time program.

In 2015, National Jurist magazine ranked Whittier Law School 12th in the nation for improved employment. The school's employed increased 13.8% from the Class of 2013 to the Class of 2014.

In 2015 Whittier co-launched a program with the Legal Aid Society of Orange County, whereby a limited number of graduates who committed to perform at least 300 hours of free legal service had access to subsidized office space in the Legal Aid Society's office. The program included training in marketing, managing office overhead and tax risks. The majority of the funding for the 2014-2015 class came from a grant obtained by the legal aid society. Martin Pritikin, Whittier's associate dean, said, "Law schools need to view themselves as having responsibility to their students even after they graduate to help them transition."

Faculty

 * Raphael Lapin, adjunct professor, author, and founder of Lapin Negotiation Strategies
 * I. Nelson Rose, full professor with tenure, author of Gambling and the Law

Judges

 * Florence-Marie Cooper (1975): Judge, United States District Court for the Central District of California
 * Roosevelt F. Dorn (1969): Judge, Los Angeles County Superior Court
 * Mablean Ephriam (1978): host, Divorce Court
 * Cristina Pérez (1994): Judge, Cristina's Court, La Corte del Pueblo, La Corte de Familia, Justice for All with Judge Cristina Perez

Other appointments and vocations

 * Carol Ann Abrams: television and film producer; graduated first in her class at Whittier
 * Keith M. Davidson: Former attorney for Stormy Daniels
 * Chuck Essegian: Former major league baseball player
 * Bryan Glazer: Co-Chairman and co-owner of the Tampa Bay Buccaneers; Director (retired) of the Harbinger Group
 * Bill Handel (1979): morning drive talk show host on KFI-AM in Los Angeles
 * Paul D. Irving: Former Sergeant at Arms of the United States House of Representatives
 * Christine N. Jones (1997): candidate, Arizona gubernatorial election, 2014, former Executive Vice President, General Counsel, and Corporate Secretary of Go Daddy
 * Debra Opri: celebrity attorney
 * Diane Tebelius (1979): Chairman of the Washington State Republican Party (2006–2007); candidate, Washington's 8th congressional district, 2004
 * Jeremiah Donati (2005): Athletic Director of Texas Christian University (2017–present)

title: Whittier Law School


text:
List of Cincinnati art galleries

Cincinnati has a number of fine art repositories, including:
 * 1305 Gallery - solo shows, local and regional artists
 * 5th Street Gallery
 * ADC Fine Art -large gallery, private events, local art
 * Artifact Gallery and Workshop
 * ArtWorks Gallery
 * BOOM Gallery
 * Bunk Spot
 * Carl Solway Gallery - work by major contemporary artists
 * Carnegie visual and performing art center
 * Cincinnati Art Galleries - fine art from 19th century to contemporary artists
 * Cincinnati Art Museum
 * Contemporary Arts Center
 * DAAP Galleries at the University of Cincinnati
 * Eisele Gallery of Fine Art at Joseph Ferris House
 * Essex Studios
 * Fitton Center for Creative Arts (Hamilton)
 * Gallery Veronique
 * Greenwich House Gallery
 * Inlight Studios
 * Kennedy Heights Art Center
 * Malton Gallery
 * Manifest Creative Research Gallery and Drawing Center
 * Marta Hewett Gallery
 * Mary Ran Gallery
 * Miller Gallery
 * Pendelton Art Center
 * Pendleton Street Photography
 * Phyllis Weston Gallery
 * Redtree Art Gallery & Coffee Shop
 * Rottinghaus Gallery & Custom Framing
 * Synthetica M
 * Taft Museum of Art
 * Village Wine Gallery LLC
 * WACC Cultural Center "The Barn"
 * Washington Park Art Gallery
 * Weston Art Gallery
 * Wyoming Wines

title: List of Cincinnati art galleries


text:
David Glen Eisley

David Glen Eisley (born September 5, 1952) is an American musician, singer, songwriter and actor.

Personal life
Eisley was born in Los Angeles, California and is the son of actor Anthony Eisley and Judith Tubbs Eisley. While in high school, he played drums for the band Mammoth, an Iron Butterfly cover band. Before settling into music, Eisley spent much of his early days playing baseball. He eventually reached Double-A for the San Francisco Giants, commuting back and forth between games and club gigs.

He is married to actress Olivia Hussey with whom he has one daughter, India Eisley. He is the older brother of actor and stuntman Jonathan Erickson Eisley.

Music career
He is most well known for being the lead singer for the AOR bands Sorcery (1980–1983), Giuffria (1983–1988), Dirty White Boy (1988–1991), with Craig Goldy's "Ritual" he released Hidden In Plain Sight (1991) and Stream (1998). His biggest success came with the band Giuffria, when their hit single "Call to the Heart" reached number 15 on the Billboard Hot 100 in early 1985. Eisley has also appeared in the television shows Beverly Hills, 90210 and 7th Heaven, the movie Action Jackson and has acted in various commercials.

In 1997, Eisley co-wrote the rock ballad "Sweet Victory" with Bob Kulick through Arista Records, and in the following year, APM Music released the track on their Bruton Music Library album American Games. They had previously worked together in the short-lived band Murderer's Row, releasing a self-titled album in 1996.

Five years later, in 2001, the song was featured in the SpongeBob SquarePants episode Band Geeks, which sharply increased its popularity. It reached number 23 on the Hot Rock Songs chart in February 2019 after its use during that year's Daytona 500 to honor SpongeBob creator Stephen Hillenburg after his death the previous year. A longer, animated presentation of the song was also featured during the NFL on Nickelodeon telecast of the Super Bowl LVIII pre-game show five years later.

Later years
He has released four solo albums, War Dogs in 1999, Stranger from the Past in 2000, a compilation album of previously unreleased songs, The Lost Tapes, in 2003, and Tattered Torn & Worn... in 2019.

In 2017, Eisley was featured as lead vocalist on three songs on Bob Kulick's album Skeletons in the Closet. On December 1, 2017 he released an album with Craig Goldy, under the band name Eisley/Goldy, titled Blood, Guts and Games.

Discography
Albums

 * Stranger from the Past (2000)
 * Lost Tapes (2003)

Singles

 * "Sweet Victory" (feat. Bob Kulick)
 * "Little Guitars"
 * "Don't Run Away"
 * "Shot Down In Love"
 * "Boot Hill Blues"
 * "Pleasure Palace"
 * "Golden Town"
 * "Don't Turn Away from Love"

title: David Glen Eisley


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Catholic Holocaust Conspiracy

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete. – ABCD✉ 00:11, 4 August 2005 (UTC)

Catholic Holocaust Conspiracy
A veritable minefield under construction, ought to be nipped in the bud, anything legitimate should be dealt with under Holocaust. PatGallacher 19:03, 2005 July 25 (UTC)
 * Comment - What relevance does this have to the Holocaust? Chatoyant 19:47, July 25, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete as original research? Speedy delete as patent nonsense? --Carnildo 23:16, 25 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, judging by the creator's User:Famekeeper other contributions, there is little hope of this developing well --Doc (?) 00:20, 26 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete - This is one of two articles by the same editor both of which are intended to be diatribes, and both of which are being considered for speedy deletion. Robert McClenon 11:44, 26 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete in agreement with the earlier voters. One rumor of a party meeting reading a letter 'allegedly' from the Vatican in 1932 does not substantiate a WP article about either a Catholic Holocaust Conspiracy or a Pope Hitler Holocaust Conspiracy (which the author apparently intended as a separate article).  Flakery in progress, nothing of verified substance to merge into Holocaust.  A Google search on CHC found this link (with cited sources) on the Jewish Virtual Library site: http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/anti-semitism/pius.html  Barno 23:34, 26 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete for reasons given by those above Str1977 20:48, 27 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete nonsense, flame-war waiting to happen. Xaa 03:13, 29 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete as unverifiable hearsay. Gazpacho 01:46, 30 July 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
List of Y-STR markers

The Y-STR markers in the following list are commonly used in forensic and genealogical DNA testing.

DYS454 is the least diverse, and multi-copy marker DYS464 is the most diverse Y-STR marker.

The location on the Y-chromosome of numbered Y-STR markers can be roughly given with cytogenetic localization. For example, DYS449 is located at Yp11.2 - meaning the Y-chromosome, petit arm, band 1, sub-band 1, sub-sub-band 2 - DYS449.

Forensic labs usually use PowerPlex Y (Promega Corporation) and Yfiler (Applied Biosystems) kits that examine 12 or 17 Y-STRs, respectively. Genealogical DNA test labs examine up to 700 Y-STRs.

Mutation rates
Mutation rates are those per generation, as estimated in Chandler (2006). The quoted estimated errors are typically +/- 15-20%. Alternative estimates (for forensic use therefore not all markers are covered) from observed pedigrees are also available at the Y Chromosome Haplotype Reference Database.

It appears that some trinucleotide markers may have much higher mutation rates at some repeat lengths than at others. For example, variation of the trinucleotide DYS388 is generally very slow in most haplogroups, when it takes the values 11–13. But there appears to be much greater variation and more rapid mutation in Haplogroup J, where it typically has values 14–18. Similarly the trinucleotide DYS392 is reported to be "fast" in haplogroups N and Q, where it takes values 14-16 which are rare in other groups.

Y-STR allele nomenclatures
DNA testing companies or labs in certain cases use different nomenclatures to designate the same Y-STR allele. Thus, a conversion must be applied in these cases to accurately compare Y-STR results obtained from different companies. The most common nomenclature is based on guidance provided by NIST for Y-STR markers historically reported differently by various companies. The NIST standard is the proposal of ISOGG (International Society of Genetic Genealogy) for genetic genealogy companies.

Notes and references

 * Kayser et al. (2004), A Comprehensive Survey of Human Y-Chromosomal Microsatellites Am. J. Hum. Genet., 74 1183–1197. NB online only data file

title: List of Y-STR markers


text:
Nevada Public Radio

Nevada Public Radio was founded in 1980 as a public corporation to operate publicly funded radio in southern Nevada. NPR operates six stations in Nevada and five retransmitters.

History
Nevada Public Radio was first incorporated in 1975. Five years later, KNPR signed on as the first NPR member in Nevada. For its first 19 years on the air, it operated from space donated by Sam Boyd in Sam's Town Casino.

In 2003, KNPR split its offerings into two stations. NPR news and talk remained on KNPR, while classical music moved to a new station, KCNV.

Stations

 * KNPR is a non-commercial radio station located in Las Vegas, Nevada, broadcasting on 88.9 FM. KNPR airs news/talk programming syndicated by National Public Radio.

KNPR's programming is simulcast on five full-power satellite stations.
 * KTPH Tonopah (91.7)
 * KLNR Panaca (91.7)
 * KWPR Lund (88.7)
 * KLKR Elko (89.3)
 * KVNV Reno (89.1)

Additionally, KNPR operates low-powered translators throughout southern Nevada, as well as in Lake Havasu City, Arizona and Ridgecrest, California

 * KCNV is a non-commercial radio station located in Las Vegas broadcasting on 89.7 FM. KCNV airs a classical music format syndicated by Classical 24.

title: Nevada Public Radio


text:
WVCW (FM)

WVCW (99.5 MHz) is a non-commercial FM radio station licensed to Wilmington, Delaware. Owned by VCY America, the station serves the Delaware Valley, including Philadelphia. The WVCW transmitter is located 8 miles north of downtown Wilmington on Bellows Drive, less than 1/4 mile from the Pennsylvania state line. Besides a standard analog transmission, WVCW broadcasts over HD Radio. The station is best known for its 67-year legacy as WJBR and WJBR-FM, a Delaware-targeted adult contemporary station, which was consistently rated as one of the top stations in the Wilmington area, even amidst competition from Philadelphia stations.

History
On January 31, 1957, WJBR signed on as a stand-alone FM station, with no AM counterpart. It was founded by a father and son team, John B. Reynolds Sr. and John B. Reynolds Jr. The call sign was based on the founders' initials. John Sr. began the radio station because his son was "a strong believer in the future of FM". The station originally broadcast a classical and light music format. WJBR's format eventually evolved into beautiful music and the station was branded as JBR 100. It used the slogan "Just Beautiful Radio".

In 1976, the Reynolds family acquired another Wilmington radio station, WTUX, to combine with WJBR. WTUX was a 1,000 watt daytimer, carrying a middle of the road music format. In 1978, WJBR's call sign was changed to WJBR-FM. WTUX's call sign was then switched to WJBR, and the format flipped to beautiful music, to give WJBR listeners the choice of hearing the station on AM or FM. Over time, the station's power was increased to 2,500 watts in the daytime and nighttime service was added at 32 watts.

In the early 1980s, WJBR-AM-FM added more soft vocals to attract a younger audience. John B Reynolds Jr. sold WJBR-AM-FM in 1985 to CRB Broadcasting, which completed the transition from easy listening to an all-vocal soft adult contemporary sound. CRB changed its name to Commodore Media and was eventually purchased by Capstar Broadcasting.

In March 2000, Capstar sold WJBR-FM to the NextMedia Group for $32.4 million. Capstar retained WJBR, and later merged into Clear Channel Communications, which was renamed iHeartMedia. The AM station is now a Fox Sports Radio station, WWTX, and remains owned by iHeartMedia.

In February 2007, Beasley Broadcast Group acquired WJBR-FM from NextMedia for a reported $42 million.

In August 2023, Beasley agreed to sell WJBR-FM to VCY America for $5 million, marking VCY's entrance into both the Philadelphia/Wilmington area. The final day for the on-air staff was October 4; two staffers, Justin Franiak and Eric Johnson, remained with Beasley in Philadelphia at WXTU and WMGK respectively. An automated version of WJBR-FM's programming would continue on the station's website and the second HD Radio channel of WBEN-FM in Philadelphia; Beasley also moved the WJBR call sign to an AM radio station in Seffner–Tampa, Florida, while VCY America relaunched 99.5 as WVCW, a call sign that took effect on October 7.

HD Radio and translators
As WJBR-FM, the station's second HD Radio channel formerly broadcast a Spanish rhythmic / tropical format branded as Maxima 104.1, which was simulcast on a translator in Millville, New Jersey, W281CM (104.1). Its third channel broadcast a gospel format branded as Philly's Favor 100.7, which was simulcast on a translator in Mount Holly, New Jersey, W264BH (100.7 FM), which broadcast to the Philadelphia radio market. After the sale, the station turned off the HD channels. But the HD2 subchannel was turned back on with VCY Spanish programming.

title: WVCW (FM)


text:
Augustus FitzRoy, 7th Duke of Grafton

Augustus Charles Lennox FitzRoy, 7th Duke of Grafton (22 June 1821 – 4 December 1918), styled Lord Augustus FitzRoy before 1882, was a British Army officer. He was the second son of Henry FitzRoy, 5th Duke of Grafton, and his wife Mary Caroline Cranfield Berkeley, daughter of Admiral the Hon. Sir George Cranfield Berkeley.

He joined the army in 1837 and was wounded in the Crimean War.

On 9 June 1847, he married Anna Balfour (15 June 1825 – 23 December 1857), daughter of James Balfour MP. Together, they had four children:

 * Lady Eleanor FitzRoy (1853–1905), married Walter Harbord, son of Edward Harbord, 3rd Baron Suffield, and had issue.
 * Henry James FitzRoy, Earl of Euston (1848–1912), married Kate Walsh; no issue.
 * Alfred FitzRoy, 8th Duke of Grafton (1850–1930)
 * Lord Charles Edward FitzRoy (1857–1911), married his distant cousin Ismay FitzRoy, daughter of the 3rd Baron Southampton, and had issue (Charles FitzRoy, 10th Duke of Grafton).

He died in 1918, aged 97, at Wakefield Lodge near Potterspury, Northamptonshire.

title: Augustus FitzRoy, 7th Duke of Grafton


text:
Vaps Movement

The Vaps Movement (Eesti Vabadussõjalaste Keskliit, later Eesti Vabadussõjalaste Liit, vabadussõjalased, or colloquially vapsid, a single member of this movement was called vaps) was an Estonian political organization. Founded in 1929, it emerged as a mass anti-communist and populist movement from the Union of Participants in the Estonian War of Independence, an association of veterans of the Estonian War of Independence (1918–1920). The leaders of this association were Andres Larka (formal figurehead and presidential candidate) and Artur Sirk.

History
The Vaps Movement was an anti-communist organisation led by former military officers, and most of its base were veterans of the 1918–1920 Estonian War of Independence. Early support for the movement came from campaigns to financially uplift Estonian veterans, and redistribute land previously held by the Baltic German nobility. The organisation advocated a more authoritarian and nationalist government in Estonia. The organisation welcomed Hitler's rise to power, even though they later tried to distance themselves from Nazism. The league rejected racial ideology and openly criticized the Nazi persecution of Jews and lacked the willingness to use violence or adopt the goal of territorial expansion. They wore a black beret as their uniform headgear, and used the Roman salute. Moderate members such as Johan Pitka gradually left the organisation. The organisation issued its own newspaper, Võitlus ('The Struggle').

The movement strongly supported constitutional reform that would enable a strong president to address national problems. Estonian patriots began advocating such a change in the mid 1920s. In October 1933 the government was forced to allow the Vaps movement to put forward its own referendum on constitutional reform, after watered down centre-right proposals failed to win support. This was approved by 72.7 percent of the voters. The organization was banned by the government of Jaan Tõnisson (who opposed the constitutional reform) under a state of emergency imposed before the referendum, but after this the organization was re-established and became more patriotic. The league spearheaded replacement of the parliamentary system with a presidential form of government and laid the groundwork for an April 1934 presidential election, which it expected to win.

After the League won absolute majorities in local elections in the three largest cities at the beginning of 1934, but not in the most rural self-governments nor small towns and boroughs, the recently elected constitutional "State Elder" (head of government and head of state) Konstantin Päts declared a state of emergency in the whole country on 12 March 1934 (in certain parts, this had been in effect since 1918). The Vaps Movement was disbanded and its leading figures were arrested in December 1935.

On 6 May 1936, 150 members of the league went on trial; 143 of them were convicted and sentenced to lengthy terms of imprisonment. They were granted an amnesty and freed in 1938, by which time the league had lost most of its popular support. By 1 January 1938, a new constitution took effect and new parliament was elected in February 1938. The new constitution combined a strong President with a partly elected and partly appointed, officially non-partisan, Parliament.

The movement maintained good relations with Finnish fascist movements such as the Lapua Movement, Patriotic People's Movement and Academic Karelia Society.

As of 2019, the Vaps movement had no known active members. In 2009, Jüri Liim reportedly submitted a formal application to restore the original Vaps Movement. The application was not successful, and the Vaps Movement has not been legalised in Estonia.

title: Vaps Movement


text:
Pilgrims & Pioneers

Pilgrims & Pioneers: The History and Speeches of the Science Fiction Research Association Award Winners is a book collection of all the extant award presentations and acceptance speeches of the first 30 Pilgrim Award winners, and of the other Science Fiction Research Association awards through 1999, edited by Hal W. Hall and Daryl F. Mallett. It was published in Riverside, California by Jacob's Ladder Books, for SFRA Press, in 2001.

Historical documents, critical papers and statements are supplemented by brief biographic sketches of the winners and selective bibliographies of their scholarly contributions.

Publication of this book was supported by a grant from the World Science Fiction Convention, held in Atlanta that year. Scholar Neil Barron discovered a Call for Grant Projects by the Atlanta WorldCon Committee, and a proposal for a book honoring the Pilgrim Award winners was submitted and accepted by the committee. Under the terms of the grant, the SFRA donated copies of the volume to up to 25 major science fiction collections worldwide.

Daryl F. Mallett and Hal W. Hall had assistance from many scholars of science fiction, especially Fiona Kelleghan and Robert Reginald.

title: Pilgrims & Pioneers


text:
Rigatoni con la pajata

Rigatoni con la pajata (Romanesco dialect; standard Italian: rigatoni con la pagliata, ) is a classic pasta dish of Roman cuisine. It can be found in some traditional trattorias in Rome.

Pajata is the term for the small intestine and its contents of an unweaned calf, i.e., fed only on its mother's milk. The intestines are cleaned and skinned, but the chyme is left inside. The intestine is cut into pieces 20–25 cm long, which are bound together with white thread, forming rings. When cooked, the combination of heat and the enzyme rennet in the intestines coagulates the chyme and creates a sort of thick, creamy, cheese-like sauce. These rings can be served simply seasoned and grilled (pajata arrosto) or in the traditional Roman dish in which pajata is stewed in a typical tomato sauce and served with rigatoni.

title: Rigatoni con la pajata


text: Category:France at the Olympics

title: Category:France at the Olympics


text:
User:The Killer

Back-up for Bolton Wanderers, which keeps getting vandalised.

Current Squad
Goalkeepers:
 * 1 [[Image:Flag of Oman.svg|20px|Oman]] Ali Al Habsi
 * 12 [[Image:Flag of England.svg|20px|English]] Ian Walker
 * 22 [[Image:Flag of Finland.svg|20px|Finnish]] Jussi Jaaskelainen
 * 30 [[Image:Flag of England.svg|20px|English]] Chris Howarth

Defenders:

 * 2 [[Image:Flag of England.svg|20px|English]] Nicky Hunt
 * 5 [[Image:Flag of France.svg|20px|French]] Bruno N'Gotty
 * 15 [[Image:Flag of Tunisia.svg|20px|Tunisian]] Radhi Jaidi
 * 11 [[Image:Flag of Jamaica.svg|20px|Jamaican]] Ricardo Gardner
 * 25 [[Image:Flag of Senegal.svg|20px|Sengealese]] Abdoulaye Diagne-Faye (on loan from RC Lens)
 * 26 [[Image:Flag of Israel.svg|20px|Israeli]] Tal Ben Haim
 * 32 [[Image:Flag of Poland.svg|20px|Polish]] Jarostaw Fojut

Midfielders:

 * 4 [[Image:Flag of England.svg|20px|English]] Kevin Nolan
 * 6 [[Image:Flag of Wales (1959–present).svg|20px|Welsh]] Gary Speed
 * 7 [[Image:Flag of Greece.svg|20px|Greek]] Stelios Giannakopoulos
 * 8 [[Image:Flag of Spain.svg|20px|Spanish]] Iván Campo
 * 10 [[Image:Flag of Nigeria.svg|20px|Nigeria]] Jay-Jay Okocha
 * 24 [[Image:Flag of Ireland.svg|20px|Irish]] Joey O'Brien
 * 39 [[Image:Flag of Senegal.svg|20px|Sengealese]] Khalilou Fadiga

Forwards:

 * 9 [[Image:Flag of Denmark.svg|20px|Danish]] Henrik Pedersen
 * 14 [[Image:Flag of England.svg|20px|English]] Kevin Davies
 * 18 [[Image:Flag of Mexico.svg|20px|Mexican]] Jared Borgetti
 * 20 [[Image:Flag of Portugal.svg|20px|Portuguese]] Ricardo Vaz Te
 * 21 [[Image:Flag of Senegal.svg|20px|Senegalese]] El Hadji Diouf

title: User:The Killer


text:
Talk:Marion Zimmer Bradley

recent discussion of abuse allegations
There is some discussion below of a primary source of the child abuse that went on. One of the victims, the daughter, has just published a whole book on it, which I just finished reading, which is a primary source. That book also has many other source documents in it - not just the court case, also primary sources. In addition, the son, another victim, has given an interview, another primary source. "The Last Closet: The Dark Side of Avalon".

MZB frequently referenced the same things in her books, incest, pedophilia, ritualistic abuse, as suggested even in the primary article IE "I was a lesbian". Suggest those literally references be listed along with what occurred in real life, and the below about blogs being not a primary source archived as irrelevant now. - ARCHIVE BELOW -- add sources above to main article. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2607:FCC8:A552:8200:68EF:8E6B:7587:341 (talk) 10:12, 10 February 2018 (UTC)

Thank you NeilN for your comment below. My revised comment: Previous talk page discussion, including recent comments by MZB's daughter on several matters, are currently archived and accessible via the archive link on this page. Arguably the most significant discussion there comes from several years ago, and debated whether or not to continue including allegations based on legal testimony/cases that apparently implicate MZB in complicity with crimes against minors. A pretty good sense of what this entails can be gathered from the current version of the entry on MZB's husband Walter H. Breen. Both of these individuals are now deceased. I believe that some discussion of these matters, which became in the 1960s and in some ways remain to this day a shattering controversy in the world of organized science fiction and fantasy fandom (search terms "breen boondoggle" "breendoggle"), belongs in the MZB article as well. Praghmatic (talk) 02:37, 13 June 2014 (UTC)

 * The talk page wasn't deleted but archived - you can access it by clicking the "1" in the archive box. This is usually done when conversations are no longer active. Most of the conversations were last active 5-7 years ago. The single conversation active this year was last posted to over a month ago. I don't recommend bringing these old conversation back, but if you must, copy them from the archive to here and then delete them from the archive, leaving edit summaries indicating what you are doing. That way, we don't have duplicate copies. -- Neil N  talk to me  04:55, 12 June 2014 (UTC)

 * In order to discuss changes to the article, there needs to be reliable sources that cover potential content. A cursory search reveals only blogs/tweets. Do you have anything that is of higher-quality? -- Neil N  talk to me  02:46, 13 June 2014 (UTC)

 * This is the main source for the recent accusations. The author of the post knows Moira Greyland, MZB's daughter. Supposedly, Greyland sent the author an email from her personal address, and Greyland is active in the comments section of this article. In absence of any conflicting evidence, I believe there's sufficient reason to believe the article is legit and, therefore, the article should be given the same importance as one authored by Greyland herself. The depositions (posted in 2000) can be read as further support of Greyland's claims, but inferences are not ironclad. Corax rarus (talk) 04:16, 21 June 2014 (UTC)

 * A blog is not a reliable source. The fact that you (an editor with exactly one edit) tell us that the blogger knows Moira Greyland, and that the blogger "supposedly" received the email directly from Moira Greyland is not going to make the blog reliable. As for your statement that Greyland has been active on this talk page, we don't know that. An editor who claimed to be Moira Greyland made exactly one edit to this page, and never responded when the edit was removed and a polite, detailed message was left on her talk page explaining why. I'll leave instructions on her talk page on how to go about proving her identity if she wants to edit under her own name. Meters (talk) 04:58, 21 June 2014 (UTC)

 * "The fact that you (an editor with exactly one edit) tell us..." is a poor argument (although apt given the argument over MZB's works). And I'm not referring to the Talk page. Anyhow, how reliable of a source is Moira Greyland's public Facebook page? It's connected to Greyland's official website (http://moiragreyland.com/), and it's "official" (just as Twitter celebrities are "official"). I'm not sure if everyone can see her June 12 post, but she verifies that the article is legitimate. Corax rarus (talk) 05:41, 21 June 2014 (UTC)

 * These kinds of things need to be reported on by high-quality secondary sources before they make it into the article. -- Neil N  talk to me  13:38, 21 June 2014 (UTC)
 * I was surprised at the lack of inclusion in this article, but then I did a search and discovered the lack of reliable sources. Perhaps sometimes soon this will be picked up by a serious news outlet. However, her contributions to Breen's writings are known and perhaps are noteworthy. 174.56.118.119 (talk) 17:54, 21 June 2014 (UTC)
 * The library and publishing news site Teleread has reported on the controversy. Is this considered a reliable news source? http://www.teleread.com/writing/marion-zimmer-bradley-child-abuser-says-daughter/  Artemis-Arethusa (talk) 01:13, 22 June 2014 (UTC)
 * Any secondary source is going to be relying on this publicly-available primary source (Greyland's verified/official Facebook). As for reliable sourcing, MZB is deceased so that restriction does not apply. Could we mention it as "Greyland claims..." which then leaves us with WP:SELFSOURCE? I don't see which of the 5 SELFSOURCE rules it would violate (MZB is not a third party, this would not be an "exceptional" claim, etc) Corax rarus (talk) 17:28, 22 June 2014 (UTC)
 * In this situation, it would be considered an exceptional claim. Mike V  •  Talk  22:56, 22 June 2014 (UTC)
 * Meters, thank you for leaving Moira the information on how to prove her identity; I'm helping her with that. (I've known her since our teens.) (edited to add signature) Zentomologist (talk) 04:25, 23 June 2014 (UTC)
 * These allegations have been circulated within the SciFi/Fantasy communities for years (as well as within the court case), so I jumped to thinking that this wasn't that extraordinary. However, I see how this could be a conflict of interest and/or out of character if someone is not familiar with MZB's history (her deposition was considered very out of character when it first went public).
 * Zentomologist: If this is the case, I'm not too sure that proving Moira's identity as the Wikipedia editor will help, since she's still the author of the primary source and the potential issues for exceptional claims would still be present. Corax rarus (talk) 06:43, 25 June 2014 (UTC)
 * The question I have is the following: If no "reliable source" picks this up, does that mean there is no chance this information will be added to the Wikipedia page? What is actually in dispute? If you look at Moira Greyland's comments on this Facebook post she confirms that she sent the E-Mail to Deidre and is the one who comments on Deidre's posts. So there is no doubt the allegations of child abuse against MZB come directly from her. Are you saying that her allegations alone are not credible enough to be included in the page? How would this be changed by a "reliable source" documenting her allegations? Sirana (talk) 08:48, 27 June 2014 (UTC)
 * OK, the Guardian picked it up. This should be enough to include it in the page by any standard. Sirana (talk) 08:57, 27 June 2014 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 12 June 2014
The "Last Whole Earth Catalog", August 1972 edition, page 218, contains a letter from MZB about the possible dangers of home birth without access to professional medical assistance; it describes the near-disastrous birth of her third child.

69.72.24.37 (talk) 11:52, 12 June 2014 (UTC)
 * Red question icon with gradient background.svg Not done: it's not clear what changes you want to be made. Please mention the specific changes in a "change X to Y" format. — {{U|Technical 13}} (e • t • c) 13:05, 12 June 2014 (UTC)

Son's Request for Privacy
Patrick Breen would like his current name to NOT be linked to his birth name on his mother's wikipedia page. I have done that on the current page; if there's a way to remove it from the older copies, could an admin do that? I hope his privacy can be both respected and protected. Zentomologist (talk) 23:27, 17 June 2014 (UTC)

Update 27 June 2014: Mark Greyland (previously Patrick Breen) has given permission for his current name to be used. Zentomologist (talk) 11:19, 27 June 2014 (UTC)

Religion section
Bradley was a powerful influence on Neo-paganism, yet there was only a passing mention with none of her actual accomplishments listed. I've listed several of them with citations (and ran it past her daughter first, to make sure I wasn't putting up anything the family had requested not be posted). Zentomologist (talk) 04:18, 23 June 2014 (UTC)

"Kittenish"
Good God, but this is sexist. Really, Wikipedia? This needs to be in the article?

Imagine substituting a race for a gender in that quote: "His work...lacks the cliches, overemphasis and other tricks which often make black fiction unreadable by whites."

````Stacy

 * I agree. What a horribly insulting quote to use in an otherwise balanced article. 140.209.60.226 (talk) 20:36, 12 May 2015 (UTC)

 * The way I interpreted that quote was "She was such a good writer that she managed to break through and make a name for herself even in the face of overtly sexist book critics." [I have no personal opinion on her writing, never read it.]  I didn't think Wikipedia was endorsing Damon Knight's perspective, but rather showing a sample of critics at the time.

 * And Damon Knight was the husband of Kate Wilhelm. One can only imagine the drama. In any event the quote is sexist. But it's Damon Knight being sexist. Wikipedia isn't at fault for recording it. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2404:4404:143F:1800:29DD:800C:4A7F:DB62 (talk) 08:16, 30 January 2021 (UTC)

Allegations of abuse in the lead
The reference to the allegations of sexual abuse has been removed from the lead by Sandstein. The reason given was "Considering that these accusations have just been made, they are not yet a prominent enough part of her bio to be mentioned in the lead." I disagree with this. I think it is important that such controversial developments are reflected in the lead and I have not found anything in the Manual of Style (Manual of Style/Lead section -I am aware that MZB is not alive any more, but it is the most closely fitting section-) that something should be kept out of the lead, because it is too current. Also it should be noted that the allegations have been published on June 10, even if they have only been picked up by the Guardion on June, 27. If you believe the allegation should be kept out of the lead I would like you to post your criteria of when/under what condition they should be included. Thank you for your input. Sirana (talk) 16:24, 27 June 2014 (UTC)

 * Thanks for the ping. This isn't a BLP issue, as the subject is dead. Per MOS:LEAD, "The lead ... should define the topic, establish context, explain why the topic is notable, and summarize the most important points—including any prominent controversies. ... The emphasis given to material in the lead should roughly reflect its importance to the topic, according to reliable, published sources." The abuse allegations are a prominent controversy, but they are based on a single blog post a day or so old. This means that they can't be seen by reliable sources to be as significant as the whole rest of Zimmer Bradley's biography put together - but that's how the lead would have appeared, judging by the length of the text added. Moreover, the lead is supposed to be a summary, but the text added would have been as long or longer than what is in the main article about the allegations. In brief, the text I removed from the lead would have given the issue undue weight within the lead, and would have looked like WP:RECENTISM. I imagine that if the issue keeps receiving coverage in mainstream media, a brief mention in a (somewhat expanded) lead would be appropriate.   Sandstein   17:31, 27 June 2014 (UTC)
 * Wikipedia should be very careful about including something "based on a single blog post a day or so old" in the article at all. We aren't news media. Jonathunder (talk) 17:52, 27 June 2014 (UTC)
 * Thank you for the swift reply and clarification, Sandstein. If there is more coverage about this I will expand the part about the allegations in the biography and add a summery in an expanded lead, if that is warranted. I would wish to add that this is not "based on a single blog post a day or so old". The Guardian article that is referenced is not only based on the blogpost (which was written on June 10) but also on comments Moira Greyland has made directly to the Guardian and the story has since been reported by the Washington Post. as well.Sirana (talk) 19:21, 27 June 2014 (UTC)
 * Your Washington Post link takes us to a piece by Alyssa Rosenberg who "blogs about pop culture for The Washington Post's Opinions section" as indicated there. It's an essay, not a news article. Jonathunder (talk) 19:31, 27 June 2014 (UTC)

It's been covered in the Guardian, the WashPo, Bild and a number of fantasy/sci-fi publications. Given the fact that she is dead, I'm not sure how much more attention any fact about her could possibly get. As others have expressed, it's unlikely that this controversy is ever going to get a fair and complete hearing. Nevertheless, it's clearly of signal importance to understanding her life and placing her work into context -- and many of the facts, such as her testimony in court and her ex-husbands convictions, are indisputable. Nathan  T 23:51, 30 June 2014 (UTC)

Homoeroticism
Nothing is said here of the frequent criticism that MZB, especially in later Darkover works, seemed to excessively dwell on male homoerotic encounters. I haven't read up on her stuff in ages, but I recall this being a big "why we're not reading 'Darkover' any more" issue among fans in the late 80s, early 90s. — SMcCandlish ☺ ☏ ¢ ≽ʌⱷ҅ᴥⱷʌ≼  01:22, 9 October 2014 (UTC)
 * If you are suggesting that it be added, it will need to be reliably sourced or it will just be POV or OR. I doubt that it was a big enough deal to have been covered in anything that would qualify as a reliable source. Meters (talk) 02:22, 12 October 2014 (UTC)
 * How would you define "excessively"? The late '80s were quite homophobic. VasyaPetrovna (talk) 01:29, 20 November 2020 (UTC)

Dead link
I don't know how to indicate this in a citation, but footnote #18 ("Marion Zimmer Bradley In Her Own Words") leads to a dead link.
 * The Stephen Goldin site has been mirrored at http://deirdre.net/stephen-goldin-mzb/ - I'll update links in the article. Argyriou (talk) 18:43, 27 July 2015 (UTC)

Split
For split. It needs to be redirected to its special bibliography page.The Mad Hatter (talk)
 * Oppose. Readable prose size of page is 19 kB, far below the 50 kB line that WP:SPLIT even begins to consider too big, and I don't see any justification for a WP:FORK based on content. — swpb T 18:34, 18 April 2016 (UTC)
 * Oppose. It would be preferable to make the bibliography less than complete; an overview of works is an important part of articles on writers and other creative artists, and it is preferable to have that overview within the biography to set what is said elsewhere in context, but if the length is excessive there is no reason for us to list every last thing a writer published, especially if we have articles on series to link to. However in this case, I see no reason to doubt 's statement that the article is not too long per the standards established by consensus, so there is no clear reason to reduce it that way either. Yngvadottir (talk) 10:06, 20 April 2016 (UTC)
 * Oppose Would the proposer of the split care to actually give a reason for the split? "It needs to be" is not even close to a reasonable rationale. It's not large enough to need to be split, and the bibliography is a key part of an article about an author. Meters (talk) 17:07, 20 April 2016 (UTC)
 * Weak support: Often, authors with extensive works have a better quality biography if the bibliography is split off. At least, perhaps have this put into a chart format or have proper, full citations.    Montanabw (talk)  21:23, 20 April 2016 (UTC)
 * Weak oppose: The bibliography is long enough to justify a separate page: I looked at a "random sampling" of 20 author bibliography pages (from "Bibliographies by writer", E's and F's) -- exactly half of them were shorter than Bradley's and half were longer. But that alone is not really enough to justify a split if the rest of the page is (as swpb says) less than half of the recommended "split" size. Darrah (talk) 12:45, 22 April 2016 (UTC)
 * Comment: Usually it isn't a question of the article's size, it's a question of flow and readability.  Also, how long the published works list is, which in this case is very long.  But  I think that it is also best to maybe focus on improving the article itself.    Montanabw (talk)  02:23, 24 April 2016 (UTC)
 * Comment: What is the problem of keeping full Categories of Fantasy and Sci-fi bibliographies, when so many authors, really need split pages and respected Darrah said many are half that big and half that small? As a librarian and information scientist, I believe that bibliographies should be divided if too big and really author is young or not that productive through his life-time. Kindest regards guys: The Mad Hatter (talk)
 * Oppose at present: there is no point in splitting the list of titles into its own low-quality article with no sources and no added value. The main article would still need information about her output. I suggest the OP and any other interested editors start improving the current article to the point where a split would offer clear benefits and result in two high-quality articles. The main article needs extra well-sourced prose content covering things like an overview of each series, evolution of writing style, character development and portrayal, critical responses, ... The list would need sources (which databases were consulted to prepare the list, at a minimum), publishing history, ISBNs, details of cover art where available, a tabulation of information about each book (as we already have in List of Darkover books for that series), ... . --Mirokado (talk) 23:27, 3 May 2016 (UTC)
 * Support I think the section on the bibliography can have it's own section with a basic introduction here and a link to the list of works.--Taeyebaar (talk) 00:09, 4 May 2016 (UTC)
 * Comment There are enough bibliography-sites like Sci Fan and Fantastic Fiction that provide good cover for much of the novels and the respected article can be turned a bit smaller and more readable in size than the current mash up and it can also lighten-up the article and put further motion into editing the main bibliography-page further. The Mad Hatter (talk)

Biography
No mention in biography of marriage, 25 year relationship to Walter Breen? Nor, in the section on accusations of his convictions for child abuse. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 96.243.51.140 (talk) 01:15, 9 May 2018 (UTC)
 * Perhaps you should actually read the article? Their marriage, separation, and divorce are all covered in the very first section Marion Zimmer_Bradley. Meters (talk) 01:24, 9 May 2018 (UTC)

Breen never convicted before 1990; "verbal molestation" of a high-school student
Breen had never been "convicted several times for child molestation" by the time of the late 1970s, which is the time that Moira Greyland had been referring to in her quotes and statements. In fact, when Breen was convicted in 1990, it was over one single accusation referring to 1989, and he was never convicted for anything but that one accusation of a single 1989 event. Moreover, it is of heightened importance that the 1989 accusation came from an interested party that obviously intended to prevent their own going to prison over child abuse and neglect by means of said accusation against Breen. In fact, this sole source remained under legal inverstigation as both a suspect and then even a defendant for years after Breen's death regarding false accusations and that they had tried to blame their own crimes on Breen. After MZB's death a further few years down the line, the legal charges and the investigations against the source were suddenly dropped overnight by means of an "out-of-court settlement", as if the entire purpose of the entire Breen issue had been to drive MZB into the grave.

All other supposed "convictions" of Breen's not relating to one single event in 1989 are ultimately sourced to one private, deleted website started by this one interested party that was trying to avoid going to prison by blaming one single act in 1989 on Breen, and it is exactly this where the sources linked in this current article have literally and liberally quoted from, making personal statements on behalf of that private website look like legal documents where not even that one website claimed those would be legal statements, as they were rather the website author's own speculations out of thin air. The best that website could actually come up with is a mid-1950s arrest for "lewd behavior" with a 21-or-22-year-old male that Breen was affiliated with at the time, but because some newspapers didn't find the old legal files decades later and only a two-line 1950s note in a local newspaper instead (which is what the website was working with as its only legal source to Breen's life prior to 1989, that one vague friggin' tiny newspaper note!), post-1990 they claimed this one single "arrest" would also refer to a "conviction" over "child molestation". For the entire issue of Breen's and all the *ACTUAL* legal documents for Breen and MZB's entire lifelong legal records, see Talk:Walter H. Breen.

So that's that, on to Greyland's accusations. They entirelly consist out of two things that were fully legal then and remain so to this day:

 * a.) When Greyland was in her mid-20s during the late 1970s, on one single day Breen tried to unsuccessfully solicit her "17 or 18"-year-old boyfriend by verbal means while she was away at university. Decades later, Greyland refers to this one purely verbal incident when she was in her mid-20s as successfully completed child rape of both her and her boyfriend because of how hurt she felt that Breen was "breaking her trust" and "trying to invade their relationship". A decade after the event, she tried to legally report Breen over it during the late 1980s (which is what this one article pretty much refers to as "she reported him over his many acts of child molestation and had him convicted for it several times"), but since the entire anecdote constituted no illegal act whatsoever, Breen was never even investigated over it. Greyland and her brother are still talking about this one anecdote as a form of "completed child rape" today that they had to deal with.

 * b.) In light of all the nonsense that was heaped upon Breen and MZB and that also fills both her and his WP articles, Greyland now also claims that the very fact that Breen was living in the same house with her and her mom during the 1960s while she was "from the age of three to 12" would *ALSO* constitute "child abuse". --2003:EF:13C1:CE30:A5FD:2912:5504:2CDE (talk) 04:23, 12 October 2018 (UTC)

 * Breen was first convicted in 1954 for child sex abuse. [Unsigned comment]

 * He wasn't. See the sources linked above. He was arrested for one night because of a homosexual affair with a man over 21. --46.93.158.170 (talk) 20:54, 8 November 2018 (UTC)

I edited it because I just found out about this today, and I think the abuse she facilitated for Breem is far more established, in her own words in deposition. Sapphiremind (talk) 12:41, 25 July 2020 (UTC)

"Ghostwritten" inaccurate?
Currently in the Bibliography, the Shadow's Gate series is annotated as (ghostwritten by Rosemary Edghill): the link is to an extended interview with Edghill (real name eluki bes shahar [sic]).

The process "Edghill" describes is one of her revising and expanding unpublished manuscripts by Bradley, with the latter's full co-operation. My feeling is that this does not constitute "ghostwriting", but rather co-authorship, albeit with one collaborator uncredited on the published books, and suggest that the annotation should be amended accordingly. The Rosemary Edghill article lists these books as being written "with Marion Zimmer Bradley". {The poster formerly known as 87.81.230.195} 90.200.129.143 (talk) —Preceding undated comment added 19:51, 29 October 2020 (UTC)

 * In the absence of any response (either pro or anti) over a period of 8 months, I'm going to go ahead and modify the article accordingly. {The poster formerly known as 87.81.230.195} 2.125.73.1 (talk) 13:48, 28 June 2021 (UTC)

Wording is Odd
>>Noted for the feminist perspective in her writing, her reputation has been posthumously marred by her daughter Moira Greyland's accusations of child sexual abuse, and for allegedly assisting her second husband, convicted child abuser Walter Breen, in sexually abusing multiple unrelated children.

These weren't just "accusations". They were founded in fact. Her reputation was only marred by her own actions. Why is this written in a way that blames these victims? 71.121.233.132 (talk) 05:31, 9 September 2023 (UTC)

 * I strongly agree and just changed this LeslieCarr (talk) 06:40, 1 June 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Marion Zimmer Bradley


text: User talk:193.63.247.68

title: User talk:193.63.247.68


text:
Gruffydd Robert

Gruffydd Robert (1527–98) was a Welsh Catholic priest and humanist scholar who in 1567 wrote a pioneering Welsh grammar while in exile in Italy with his uncle and fellow-writer Morys Clynnog.

Life
Gruffydd Robert was born in Caernarfonshire (Gwynedd) to parents named in the sources as Robert and Catrin ferch Gruffudd. He was awarded an MA degree from Christ Church, Oxford in 1555 before taking office as archdeacon of Anglesey in 1558. Shortly after his appointment Mary I died and Protestantism was reaffirmed as the established religion of England and Wales with the Acts of Supremacy and Uniformity (1558) following the accession of Elizabeth I. Catholicism remained strong in Wales, and Gruffydd was among those who remained faithful to the old religion.

Gruffydd Robert and Morys Clynnog chose to leave Wales for the continent after Elizabeth became Queen. By January 1563 they were in Rome, where Gruffydd was ordained priest. Both he and Morys Clynnog became chaplains to the English Hospice (which in 1579 would become the English College) in that city.

By 1567, when the first part of his grammar was published, Gruffydd Robert was in Milan, in the service of Archbishop Cardinal Borromeo. Gruffydd was referred to as doctor by Anthony Munday and Morris Kyffin; he may have received a doctorate at Louvain, Belgium or perhaps during his time in Milan. Gruffydd was confessor to Borromeo and canon theologian to the Duomo (Milan Cathedral). During the plague of 1576-7 he was noted for his courage and assiduousness in caring for the sick. He remained in Milan in the service of Carlo Borromeo and his successors, Gaspare Visconti and Federico Borromeo.

In 1582 Gruffydd Robert requested retirement from publicly preaching in the cathedral of Milan; there being no other position vacant, he received a diocesan pension. After Borromeo's death in November 1584 he would have had more time to work on his grammar. Gruffydd died on 15 May 1598 in the Archbishop's Palace in Milan.

His Grammar
The first part of Gruffydd Robert's groundbreaking grammar of Welsh was published as Dosbarth Byrr ar y rhann gyntaf i ramadeg Cymraeg ('A brief analysis of the first part of a Welsh Grammar') in Milan on Saint David's Day in 1567, probably at the press of Vincenzo Girardoni. The second, third and fourth parts are likely to have appeared post 1584. All of these are presented in the form of a dialogue between Gruffydd and Morys Clynnog, described as having taken place in a vineyard (possibly at Monti di Creta in Rome, which belonged to the Hospice). Clynnog himself is reported as having drowned c. 1582; St. Carlo Borromeo, who is referred to as Gruffydd's master or lord in the grammar, also died in 1584. The fourth part of the grammar discusses cynghanedd and the 24 strict metres of Welsh poetry. Also included with the grammar were the first published collection of Welsh poems and what remains of Gruffydd's literary translation of the Cato Maior de Senectute by Cicero.

title: Gruffydd Robert


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Maximillian Fuse

 * Delete. Hoping to pursue a career? Wikipedia is not a crystal ball. --DrTorstenHenning 19:09, 25 July 2005 (UTC)


text:
WINP-TV

WINP-TV (channel 16) is a television station in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States, airing programming from the Ion Television network. Owned and operated by the Ion Media subsidiary of the E. W. Scripps Company, the station maintains transmitter facilities in Pittsburgh's Oakland neighborhood.

Prior use of channel 16 in Pittsburgh
Channel 16 was initially activated August 29, 1953, as WENS, Pittsburgh's second UHF television station in the span of a month, with a primary ABC affiliation and secondary clearance of CBS network programs. In a market that was dominated by DuMont O&O WDTV (now KDKA-TV)—indeed, two former WDTV sales managers started the station—it initially broke ground and provided Pittsburgh shows that had previously not been seen in the market. In 1955, a tower collapse led to an emergency 46-day channel-sharing operation with WQED channel 13, Pittsburgh's educational television station, in a first-of-its-kind arrangement.

However, as with other UHF television stations, WENS struggled for acceptance by viewers and sponsors, even in a market that had just one local commercial VHF television station. After having fought the award of a second commercial VHF outlet to Pittsburgh, the station reached a settlement with WIIC-TV (now WPXI) in early 1957 and ceased operations on August 31 of that year, one day before WIIC began broadcasting. The construction permit remained active through 1970 (being shifted to channel 22), but no station ever materialized.

WQEX
Immediately after the directors of WENS met on August 27, 1957, and decided to shutter the station, a delegation contacted WQED and offered the facilities to channel 13.

WQED purchased the WENS physical plant in 1958. Channel 22 was assigned to Pittsburgh from Clarksburg, West Virginia, in 1958, allowing for the re-designation of channel 16 as noncommercial.

WQED filed for a new construction permit, which was awarded in November 1958, and restarted the station, renamed WQEX, on March 23, 1959. WQED and WQEX formed the first legal television duopoly—at the time permitted only among noncommercial television stations—in the country. In order to allow schools to receive WQEX programs, WQED sent out a public plea soliciting donations of unused UHF converters owned by the public.

WQEX went dark again in November 1961 but returned to the air over a year later, in January 1963, after technical repairs were made. For much of its early years, owing to its educational status and the first-generation UHF equipment it inherited from WENS, the station was plagued by a weak signal, operating at 171 kilowatts visual, and 34.2 kilowatts aural by 1971, resulting in a Grade B signal over most of Pittsburgh. Viewers in the city's outlying suburbs that were unable to receive the station clearly on cable received a spotty-to-non-existent signal. In effect, the station was perceived by the general public as an afterthought.

WQEX was the last station in Pittsburgh, and probably the last in North America, to convert to color. For decades, the station had broadcast with WENS's black-and-white transmitter. However, on March 10, 1985, the transmitter broke down completely, and the parts required to fix it were no longer available. WQED decided to take the station completely silent, and channel 13 launched a pledge drive to raise the $4.5 million necessary to reconstruct the channel 16 facility.

The new WQEX was set up as an almost autonomous station within the WQED organization. A new, more powerful NEC color transmitter was installed for testing over the summer of 1986 at an authorized power increase to 660 kW visual, and 66 kW aural. WQEX took over Studio C in the WQED premises and built its entire studio, offices and technical space within the 28-by-32-foot area. It took six months from April 1, 1986, until launch on October 16, 1986, to build the station, train the personnel and organize the programming, all of this under the direction of Kenneth Tiven as general manager. The result was a station unlike any other in the PBS system, technically and in programming.

The new WQEX was then one of the most automated stations in the world. It adopted the Betacart player for airing all of its programs—even programs longer than the 30-minute recording limit of the format; the programs were spread across overlapping tapes. Local programming by its competitors had been delivered on film, reel videotape and U-matic videocassettes. The Betacam professional format produced a high-quality picture with crisp on-air resolution. In addition, the station used a database system for program playout, which controlled the Betacart machine.

In its return to the air, WQEX's schedule resembled that of a commercial independent station, with themed nights, reruns, movies and British situation comedies (often called "Britcoms"), reflecting a move then by some PBS stations to adopt a more "middlebrow" image appealing to a larger audience than those of cultural and educational-minded viewers (and thus potentially generating more donor income). The station even had on-camera hosts.

From 1986 through 1990, the station's idiosyncratic persona stayed intact. It produced a 10 p.m. news program from Monday through Friday, in conjunction with the reporting staff of the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette newspaper; reporters were debriefed about their stories, and these video clips were then played back in the Betacart automation system as a complete program. This innovation, called "modular production," later became the keystone of several television news channels, including the now-defunct Orange County Newschannel (OCN), which Tiven departed WQEX to start in 1990.

When funding became tight in the mid-1990s due to economic and political changes from the early years of public broadcasting, WQED began using WQEX to simulcast its own programming as of November 1, 1997, to cut expenses; some of the programming formerly exclusive to WQEX was consolidated into the WQED lineup at that time.

Financial troubles and transition to commercial license
Due to a combination of high costs of continuing national programming production, bloated payroll expenses, and what the station's critics identified as a top-heavy management structure and a long history of mismanagement, WQED's total liabilities at one point had mounted beyond $10 million. Station debts were being paid four months behind schedule and approximately 100 of the 220 staff jobs at WQED were abruptly eliminated. A station once respected for having originated programming such as Mister Rogers' Neighborhood and National Geographic specials was quickly finding itself relegated to the role of a primarily-local producer of educational programming.

WQED began to seek a removal of the non-commercial educational status which restricted the WQEX license as early as 1996, with the intention of selling the secondary UHF station outright in the hope that an infusion of cash would solve some of the financial woes of the main station. WQED's initial application to take WQEX commercial was rejected outright by the Federal Communications Commission, leaving it to pursue an alternate plan by which the station was almost sold to religious broadcaster Cornerstone Television in 1999. The original plan was to move WPCB-TV from channel 40 (a commercial license) to channel 16 (non-commercial educational WQEX), with Paxson Communications buying channel 40 and converting it to a Pax TV affiliate with the call letters WKPX-TV. This move, which would have led to a $35 million payout being split equally between Cornerstone and WQED, was approved conditionally by the FCC in 2000, allegedly after lobbying by Republican Senator John McCain on behalf of Pax president Lowell Paxson, an intervention which Senator McCain would later deny having made. However, in response to vociferous concerns from members of the Pittsburgh local community, the FCC did impose one condition on the sale: half of Cornerstone's programming needed to be of educational value, effectively respecting the non-commercial educational condition of WQEX's existing license.

Cornerstone flatly refused, abruptly backing out of the proposed deal. Religious programming does not qualify as educational if it is "primarily devoted to religious exhortation, proselytizing or statements of personally held religious views or beliefs," according to the FCC's ruling conditionally allowing religious broadcaster Cornerstone Television to take over WQEX and add educational content to the station. Cornerstone objected to those restrictions, insisting that its religious doctrine required proselytization on most if not all of its programming. Although the FCC abruptly reversed its position less than a month later removing the condition in response to intense political and legislative pressure (mainly from Republican sympathizers with the Religious Right), Cornerstone withdrew its application and the sale was cancelled, keeping WQEX as a WQED simulcast.

In July 2002, the FCC abandoned its long-held position on instructional content, removing WQEX's non-commercial educational status outright in response to continued claims of economic hardship by WQED – hardships which the station has long blamed not on its own past management practices, but on the local economic situation and the long-term decline of Pittsburgh's industrial base, situations that were plausible in the 1980s and 1990s but had largely subsided by the 2000s.

From 2004 to March 2007, WQEX brokered much of its airtime to America's Store, a discount shopping channel from the Home Shopping Network, along with repeats of WQED's news magazine, OnQ, on Monday mornings. This was an attempt to use the frequency to generate income for WQED instead of being a redundant facility, in effect making WQEX a for-profit operation. In January 2007, America's Store announced it would cease operations on April 3 of that year; WQEX switched its programming to ShopNBC on March 26. Rumors and actual proposals of a sale of WQEX came up from time to time, the most noteworthy of which was a proposed 2002 sale to Shooting Star Broadcasting, a company headed up by Pittsburgh native and former Shamrock Broadcasting president Diane Sutter, that was never consummated.

Sale to Ion Media
On November 8, 2010, WQED entered into a deal with Ion Media (the former Paxson Communications) to sell WQEX to Ion for $3 million. The sale was finalized (after FCC approval), on May 2, 2011, at which time the station's call sign changed from WQEX to WINP-TV, making it the first Ion-owned station without the Pax-era "PX" in its call sign (the calls stand for "Ion Pittsburgh" or, to note one news article on the sale, "Win Pittsburgh Over"). WINP-TV continued to carry ShopNBC programming to fill the WQEX contractual obligations; however, on October 1, 2011, it began carrying Ion Television on its main channel, with Ion Life and Qubo on subchannels. This is the network's first over-the-air presence in Pittsburgh, the largest media market in which Ion and its predecessors had never had an over-the-air signal (Pittsburgh was the 24th largest television market in the U.S. during 2010–2011, according to AC Nielsen).

After Sinclair Broadcast Group, owner of Fox affiliate WPGH-TV, announced their attempted $3.9 billion purchase of Tribune Media in May 2017, reports emerged of Fox Television Stations negotiating with Ion Media to create a joint venture that could potentially turn WINP-TV and other Ion-owned stations into replacement Fox affiliates. The negotiations were rendered moot by October 2017 after Ion elected its stations to have must-carry status over cable instead of through retransmission consent.

Sale to Scripps
On September 24, 2020, the Cincinnati-based E. W. Scripps Company announced it would purchase Ion Media Networks for $2.65 billion, with financing from Berkshire Hathaway. With this purchase, Scripps divested 23 Ion-owned stations. The divestitures allowed the merged company to fully comply with the FCC local and national ownership regulations. The sale was completed on January 7, 2021.

Ultimately, Scripps decided to keep WINP-TV, marking one of Scripps' first broadcasting properties in Pennsylvania (alongside existing sister stations WPPX-TV in Philadelphia and WQPX-TV in Wilkes-Barre–Scranton), as well as a return to the Pittsburgh market after a near-30-year absence when Scripps sold the publication rights to The Pittsburgh Press to Block Communications (owners of the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette) during a publication strike that ultimately saw the Press shut down completely.

In October 2021, Scripps notified the FCC it had closed local facilities for WINP-TV and other Ion Media stations (with those in duopoly markets having their operations consolidated with existing Scripps stations), and consolidated the regulatory 'studios' for all of the stations at Scripps Center in Cincinnati where Scripps and WCPO-TV are headquartered. The network's operations remain based out of West Palm Beach.

Subchannels
The station's signal is multiplexed:

Under WQED ownership, channel 16 only broadcast on its main signal, only adding digital subchannels after the sale to Ion. After the sale to Ion, WINP-TV's digital channels matched that of other Ion stations.

Following Scripps' acquisition of Ion, Scripps announced it would shut down Ion Plus, Qubo, and Ion Shop and replace it with channels owned by Scripps subsidiary Katz Broadcasting as part of the synergies between Ion and Katz.

Two Katz networks are currently airing on other channels: Laff on WPXI 11.3 and Grit on WPKD-TV 19.3; those networks are expected to move to WINP-TV once their affiliation contracts expire. The three channels that started airing on WINP-TV from Katz following the Scripps deal (Bounce TV, Court TV and Ion Mystery), previously aired on various low-powered stations in the market, giving them full market access over-the-air and on pay TV providers via their digital tier for the first time.

Analog-to-digital conversion
WINP (as WQEX) shut down its analog signal, over UHF channel 16, on February 17, 2009, the original target date on which full-power television stations in the United States were to transition from analog to digital broadcasts under federal mandate; the deadline had later been extended to June 12.

Sometime between April 1 and the new June 12 deadline, the station moved its digital signal from its pre-transition UHF channel 26 to channel 38; channel 38 was used for the digital signal of now-former sister station WQED until April 1 after the end of its annual PBS pledge drive in March. The early signoff for WQED gave the station time to move its own digital signal to channel 13. Digital television receivers display the station's virtual channel as its former UHF analog channel 16. WQEX was one of three stations in the Pittsburgh market to shut down their analog signals on the original transition date, alongside the Sinclair Broadcast Group duopoly of WPGH-TV and WPMY.

title: WINP-TV