text:
David Crowder Band

David Crowder Band (stylized as David Crowder*Band and The David Crowder*Band) was a six-piece Christian rock and modern worship band from Waco, Texas. Their final album debuted at No. 1 on the Billboard Christian and No. 2 on the Billboard 200 charts. They disbanded in 2012, with David Crowder pursuing a solo career under the name Crowder and the rest of the band, except for Mike Hogan, forming The Digital Age.

Name
Prior to the album Church Music, the band preferred not to be referred to as "The David Crowder*Band". They explained that they preferred to omit the article, and stated that they "may revisit this issue if other groups named 'David Crowder*Band' begin performing," and may in fact, should that eventuality occur, insert "The Original" in front of the band's present appellation. As of the release of Church Music, however, the band has begun referring to themselves using the article, and explained "we've been at for a while now without incident, so we felt justified in its formal inclusion."

The band's name is usually rendered with an asterisk, as "David Crowder*Band". In a faux-documentary, while recording Church Music, Crowder joked that the asterisk meant, "David Crowder [is about to go insane because Jack Parker continually tries to sabotage the work of the rest of the] band."

Band history
The band began when Crowder realized that almost half of the students at Baylor University, a Christian university, were not attending church. Finding this very surprising he and Chris Seay started University Baptist Church (Waco, Texas) in 1995, while he was still a student. Crowder became pastor of worship at the church and led worship and continued to do so throughout the year. The church's congregation grew, as did the band's lineup.

Crowder began writing songs to incorporate into the worship times at the church and eventually the church released an independent CD, Pour Over Me, followed by All I Can Say in 1998. These CDs brought the band to a wider audience and invitations to festivals and events followed. The band was signed to sixstepsrecords/Sparrow Records when Louie Giglio talked to Crowder about the music and how it could be used more than just at UBC and more worldwide. Although the band toured extensively, they made it a point to be back at their home church UBC in Waco Texas for most Sundays.

Kyle Lake, University Baptist Church's former pastor and also longtime friend of the band, had a strong influence on the band's music in terms of content and inspiration both during his life and after Lake's death.

With their September 2005 release, A Collision or (3+4=7), David Crowder Band explored a new realm of musical diversity. The album houses a mix of bluegrass, folk, alternative, and worship, woven together with a touch of electronic ambience. This release landed them the No. 2 spot on the iTunes Music Store and the No. 39 spot on Billboard 200 the second day after its release. The same day as the release of A Collision, their song "Turkish Delight" was released on the Music Inspired by the Chronicles of Narnia compilation CD. This song, which is a reference to the magical Turkish delight in C. S. Lewis's book The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe, has an old-school disco feel.

March 19, 2007, the band officially started recording Remedy; the band also revealed the album's website, which allowed fans to follow the band via live webcams, and discover more about the album. Ted Nugent made a guest appearance on the album, on the song "We Won't Be Quiet". Remedy was released on September 25, 2007. The day after its release, it reached No. 4 on the iTunes Music Store. When Mark Waldrop joined the band as the album Remedy was released, his sidekick Rupert came with him. Rupert is a gnome. During the Remedy Tour the band had up a live web feed on Crowder's Xanga account. The feed had a chat room where fans chatted live with the band and their tourmates. It showed more than half of the tour stops live which included their tour bus, live stage feeds of shows, places the band went, etc. Much of the time the video feed would be on Rupert at different stops. On the final night of the tour Phil Wickham and The Myriad came on stage for a hoe down for the song "I Saw the light". The camera for the feed was on the lid of a ball-cap and was wired into a laptop the band had in a backpack; this equipment was provided by Xanga. The band also used the feed for some time after their Remedy Tour. July 16, 2008, the band announced it would be releasing a live album and DVD titled Remedy Club Tour - Live, The DVD was filmed In NYC and GA.

Crowder's Xanga entry from January 31, 2009, mentioned the preproduction of the band's next studio album. Also on Mike Hogan's MySpace entry from March 4, 2009, he confirmed that actual recording and production had commenced and provided directions for getting to the live webcam feed, which is in a page simply titled "Church Music". The album was titled "Church Music" and was released on September 22, 2009. The first single off the album was a cover of John Mark McMillan's song "How He Loves". Crowder received permission from McMillan to change the words "So heaven meets earth like a sloppy wet kiss" to "So heaven meets earth like an unforeseen kiss".

The band hosted Crowder's Fantastical Church Music Conference September 30 through October 2, 2010 at Baylor University in Waco, Texas. Other presenters at the conference included Louie Giglio, Rob Bell, Israel Houghton, Hillsong London, Matt Redman, Jars of Clay, Matt Maher, Leeland, David Dark, Gungor, Derek Webb, and Isaac Wardell. Mark recorded a Rap song for the band titled "Bwack Be Creepin'" for the band's YouTube channel.

February 5, 2011 the band announced the official start to recording of Give Us Rest or (A Requiem Mass in C [The Happiest of All Keys]). On May 21, 2011, the band announced through their website that the band will end after the completion of the Fall 2011 "The 7 Tour" and the release of their sixth album.

Later, on July 21, 2011, the band announced that a Christmas album, Oh for Joy, would be released on October 4, 2011. The band stated that they began to record Give Us Rest and subsequently Oh for Joy came out. Some of the songs in the albums Give Us Rest and Oh for Joy were recorded in greenrooms and restrooms during the band's last tour.

The band played their final show at the Passion 2012 Conference on January 3, 2012 at the Georgia Dome.

Crowder has formed a new collective called "Crowder" that made its first performance at the Creation East Festival in June 2012. Parker, Dodson, Bush, and Waldrop have formed a new band, called "The Digital Age", and run a recording studio in Waco, Texas. David Crowder is still signed with Sparrow Records and sixstepsrecords under Capitol CMG. He is now making music under the name "Crowder."

Unusual Instrumentation
The band often incorporated unconventional instruments and elements into their music, many of which were created by the band's drummer Jeremy Bush. He modified a Speak & Spell for the song "I Can Hear the Angels Singing (...Andeverandeverand...)", and used a robot drummer, named Steve 3PO, for use in "Church Music", a silver box with blue lights and switches for "Can You Feel It?", and a MOTM modular synthesizer used by Hogan. He also manufactured a seven square-foot MPC style-MIDI controller for the band Family Force 5.

A guitar-shaped controller from the Guitar Hero game was used in "... neverending ...". According to Crowder, the controller was transformed to a MIDI instrument. Jeremy "B-Wack" Bush programmed the controller such that each of the buttons were put into USB Overdrive, an application for reading signals off of USB devices. The buttons were programmed to each specific chord in the song "...neverending...". Once the buttons were programmed and sent to USB Overdrive, the results were put in to Ableton Live as a MIDI note programmed by the band. There were 12 samples in the controller.

Hogan often played turntables and played electric violin with guitar effects. A Smule "I Am T-Pain" iPhone app is used on "The Nearness". On incorporating bluegrass into the band's repertoire, Crowder stated that the banjo was something he had previously wanted to avoid "at all costs".

The band often recorded their albums in a barn behind Crowder's house.

Members

 * David Crowder – lead vocals, acoustic guitar, piano, programming, theremin, keytar, electric guitar (1996-2012)
 * Jack Parker – electric guitar, background vocals, Rhodes piano, mandolin, and banjo (1996-2012)
 * Mike Dodson – bass guitar, keyboards, background vocals, cello (1996-2012)
 * Mike Hogan – violin/strings, turntables, guitar, keyboard (1996-2012)
 * Jeremy "B-Wack" Bush - drums, percussion, bells, programming (1996-2012)
 * Mark Waldrop – electric guitar, mandolin, background vocals (2007-2012)
 * Jason Solley – electric guitar, background vocals and mandolin (1996–2006)
 * Taylor Johnson – electric guitar, mandolin, background vocals (2006–2007)

Discography

 * Pour Over Me (1996)
 * All I Can Say (1998)
 * Can You Hear Us? (2002)
 * Illuminate (2003) U.S. No. 84
 * A Collision (2005) U.S. No. 39
 * Remedy (2007) U.S. No. 22
 * Remedy Club Tour – Live (2008) U.S. No. 88
 * Church Music (2009) U.S. No. 11
 * Give Us Rest (2012) U.S. No. 2
 * All This for a King: The Essential Collection (2013)

Awards

 * GMA Dove Awards

 * Grammy Awards

David Crowder*Band is also featured in other compilation albums that were either nominated or won Dove Awards for Special Event Album of the Year:
 * 2006: Special Event Album of the Year - Music Inspired by the Chronicles of Narnia
 * 2007: Special Event Album of the Year - Passion: Everything Glorious
 * 2009: Special Event Album of the Year - Passion: God of This City

Others
The band was named MSN's Artist of the Month for July 2006, and later won Artist of the Year for 2006.

title: David Crowder Band


text:
File:ObjectDock Screenshot.jpg

A screenshot of the ObjectDock program by Stardock, demonstrating the mouse-over effect.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: File:ObjectDock Screenshot.jpg


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Mulchie

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete. – ABCD✉ 23:24, 2 August 2005 (UTC)

Mulchie
Local slang. DS 19:29, 15 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete dicdef CDC   (talk)  02:44, 16 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete slang dicdef. JamesBurns 06:51, 16 July 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Mulchie


text:
Secobarbital

Secobarbital (as the sodium salt, originally marketed by Eli Lilly and Company for the treatment of insomnia, and subsequently by other companies as described below, under the brand name Seconal) is a short-acting barbiturate derivative drug that was patented in 1934 in the United States. It possesses anaesthetic, anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, sedative, and hypnotic properties. In the United Kingdom, it was known as quinalbarbitone. It is the most frequently used drug in physician-assisted suicide within the United States. Secobarbital is considered to be an obsolete sedative-hypnotic (sleeping pill), and as a result, it has largely been replaced by the benzodiazepine family. Seconal was widely abused, known on the street as "red devils" or "reds". Among the barbiturates, secobarbital carries a particularly high risk of abuse and addiction, largely responsible for its falling out of use.

Indications
Secobarbital is indicated for:
 * Treatment of epilepsy
 * Temporary treatment of insomnia
 * Use as a preoperative medication to produce anaesthesia and anxiolysis in short surgical, diagnostic, or therapeutic procedures which are minimally painful.

Availability

Ranbaxy Pharmaceuticals, an India-based company now predominantly owned by the Japanese company Daiichi Sankyo, obtained the rights to market and to use the trade name Seconal from Eli Lilly in 1998 and did so until September 18, 2008. The actual manufacturer of Seconal subsequent to the time Eli Lilly manufactured the drug was Ohm Pharmaceuticals, a wholly owned subsidiary of Ranbaxy. The rights to market Seconal were then sold to Marathon Pharmaceuticals, which became the marketer and trade-name holder. At the time Marathon Pharmaceuticals obtained ownership of the brand name, the retail price for one 100 mg capsule (depending upon prescription size and pharmacy) averaged about one U.S. dollar. During the time Marathon owned the brand name, the Company greatly increased the price of the drug. By February 2015, when Marathon sold the rights to Valeant Pharmaceuticals, the average retail price per 100 mg capsule had risen to over thirty dollars. Since its acquisition of the trade name, Valeant Pharmaceuticals made little, if any, change to the pricing of Seconal. Despite the price increases implemented by Marathon Pharmaceuticals, Seconal was still manufactured by Ohm. In the United States, Seconal is available only in 100 mg capsules, as a sodium salt. The salt is a white hygroscopic powder that is soluble in water and ethanol.

While generic versions of the drug were in existence after Eli Lilly's patent of the name Seconal expired, currently there are no companies that manufacture the drug generically in the United States. Until 2020, Valeant was the sole marketer of Seconal in the United States. As of 2021, Valeant discontinued the product, and Bausch Health became the sole supplier of Seconal. Bausch Health stopped manufacturing the product in January 2022.

Secobarbital sodium
The sodium salt of secobarbital is classified separately from the free acid, as follows:
 * CAS number: 309-43-3
 * Chemical formula: C12H18N2NaO3
 * Molecular weight: 260.265

Side effects
Possible side effects of secobarbital include:
 * Somnolence
 * Impaired motor functions
 * Impaired coordination
 * Impaired balance (Ataxia)
 * Dizziness
 * Anxiety
 * Confusion
 * Agitation, irritability, or excitability
 * Headache
 * Hunger
 * Nausea
 * Vomiting
 * Nightmares
 * Increased sensitivity to pain
 * Allergic reactions
 * Difficulty breathing
 * Edema
 * Urticaria

Withdrawal
Secobarbital may produce psychological addiction and produces physical dependence if used for an extended period of time. Withdrawal symptoms may occur if long-term use is abruptly ended and can include:

 * Anxiety
 * Insomnia
 * Lack of appetite
 * Seizures
 * Tremors
 * Possible death as a result of withdrawal

Recreational and lethal use
Secobarbital was widely abused for recreational purposes in the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s, and accidental overdose was associated with the drug. Lilly's Seconal came in a bright orange/red bullet shaped capsule known as a Pulvule. Prescription use of secobarbital decreased beginning in the early 1980s by which time benzodiazepines had become increasingly common. Secobarbital has acquired many nicknames, the most common being "reds," "red devils," or "red dillies" (because of the color of the capsules). Other common nicknames are "seccies," "Cardinals," "ruby slippers," and, according to the Wegman's School of Pharmacy curriculum, "red hearts". A less common nickname is "dolls"; this was partly responsible for the title of Jacqueline Susann's novel Valley of the Dolls, whose main characters use secobarbital and other such drugs. Actresses Carole Landis, Judy Garland, playwright Tennessee Williams, and journalist Dorothy Kilgallen allegedly either died by suicide or of accidentally overdosing on secobarbital. Seconal was used to induce Fred Hampton into docility before he was then killed in his bed in the early hours of December 4, 1969.

In 1978, 1000 pills of Seconal were recovered in Jonestown, along with substantial quantities of Valium, Thorazine, Talwin, Demerol, and other sedatives, hypnotics, and analgesics.

Use in animal and human euthanasia
In the Netherlands, individuals have two options for euthanasia. They can orally consume 100 ml of concentrated syrup containing either 15 grams of pentobarbital or 15 grams of secobarbital, or they can choose to have 2 grams of thiopental or 1 gram of propofol administered intravenously by a doctor, followed by a muscle relaxant. In recent years only 15% of those who died by euthanasia opted for orally consuming the lethal drug(s), the rest choosing to have the drugs administered intravenously by a doctor instead.

In the United States, secobarbital and pentobarbital are the most common drugs prescribed under physician aid-in-dying laws in Oregon since 1998, Washington since 2008, and Vermont since 2013. Ranbaxy Laboratories Limited previously experienced various issues in their attempts to produce 100 mg secobarbital capsules.

In 2017, secobarbital was made available for physician-assisted suicide in Canada.

It is a component in the veterinary drug Somulose, used for euthanasia of horses and cattle.

The of secobarbital has been reported to be between 125 mg/kg (rat, oral) and 267 mg/kg (mouse, oral).

title: Secobarbital


text: Category:Bus stations

title: Category:Bus stations


text:
Shirish Korde

Shirish Korde (born June 18, 1945), is a Ugandan composer of Indian ancestry. He is the Chair of the Music Department at the College of the Holy Cross (Worcester, MA) and has previously been on the faculty of the Berklee College of Music, the New England Conservatory, and Brown University. Korde studied jazz and composition at the Berklee College of Music, analysis and composition at the New England Conservatory, and ethnomusicology at Brown University.

Works
His works include:
 * Tenderness of Cranes, for solo flute, influenced by Japanese shakuhachi techniques
 * Time Grids, for amplified guitar and tape
 * Constellations, for saxophone quartet
 * Drowned Woman of the Sky, a song cycle based on poems by Pablo Neruda
 * Nesting Cranes (2006), for solo flute and strings, premiered by Jennifer Gunn and the Chicago Symphony Orchestra under Ludovic Morlot
 * Svara-Yantra (2005), a violin concerto premiered by the Polish National Radio Symphony Orchestra with soloist Joanna Kurkowicz, who also played the American premiere
 * Songs of Ecstasy (2008)
 * Zikhr: Songs of Longing (2009) for soprano, flute, string trio, harp, tabla and percussion, premiered by the Chameleon Arts Ensemble of Boston

Korde has composed five large-scale music-theatre works:
 * Chitra (2003), commissioned by Boston Musica Viva and premiered by that ensemble at a concert sponsored by the Celebrity Series of Boston
 * Rasa (1999)
 * Bhima's Journey
 * The Separate Prison
 * The Conquistadors
 * Phoolan Devi: The Bandit Queen (2010), a multi-media opera based on the life of Phoolan Devi based on a libretto he authored with Lynn Kremer, who directed the premiere performances by Boston Musica Viva at Boston University's Tsai Performance Center.
 * Aède Of The Ocean And Land (based on Noor Inayat Khan's play of the same title) was premiered live with the Athens based ODC Ensemble and 20 performers from 4 different countries in September 2020

These works exhibit influences of Asian dramatic and musical forms, especially Balinese gamelan and shadow puppetry, Vedic chant, Tuva music from Central Asia, North Indian Tala, and shakuhachi music. Jazz elements and computer voice synthesis techniques are also incorporated into his music-theater works. Korde also composed KA, for the Boston Musica Viva, a work for cello and voice (cellist Jan Müller-Szerwas and Deepti Navaratna, soprano) – Anusvara, Fifith Prism. He also composed a guitar concerto, Nada Ananda, released on CD featuring Simon Thacker and his ensemble. In 2021, Korde is working on a symphonic piece inspired by climate change, " Oceans Rising for the South Asian Symphony Orchestra." He was also a resident composer at the 2021 Seal Bay Festival.

He was described by Computer Music Journal as one of the few "contemporary composers who have been deeply touched by music of non-Western cultures, jazz, and computer technology and who has created a powerful and communicative compositional language."

Korde is the founder of Neuma Records.

Awards and grants

 * The National Flute Association
 * Composers Inc.
 * The Fuller Foundation
 * The Lef Foundation
 * The Fromm Foundation
 * The Massachusetts Council for the Arts
 * New England Foundation for the Arts
 * The Mellon Foundation
 * The Artists Foundation
 * Saint Botolph Club Foundation Award
 * Mass Cultural Council- 2021 Artist Fellowship Awards

title: Shirish Korde


text:
William Michael Herbert Greaves

William Michael Herbert Greaves FRS FREng FRSE (10 September 1897 – 24 December 1955) was a British astronomer. He is most noted for his work on stellar spectrophotometry.

Life
He was born in Barbados in the West Indies the son of Dr E. C. Greaves, a physician trained at the University of Edinburgh. William Greaves was educated first at Lodge School and Codrington College, both in Barbados then travelled to England to study at St. John's College, Cambridge, where he graduated MA in 1919 and became a Fellow in 1922.

Career
He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Astronomical Society in 1921.

From 1924 until 1938 he was the chief assistant at the Royal Observatory, Greenwich. In 1938 he became Astronomer Royal for Scotland, and in 1939 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. His proposers were James Pickering Kendall, Max Born, Edmund Dymond, Ruric Wrigley, Edwin Arthur Baker and Sir Edmund Taylor Whittaker. He served as the Society's Secretary 1940 to 1945 and Vice President 1946 to 1949.

He remained Astronomer Royal until 1955, and was Regius Professor of Astronomy at the University of Edinburgh for the same period. In 1943 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society. From 1947 until 1949 he was president of the Royal Astronomical Society.

He died in the Blackford district of Edinburgh on 24 December 1955.

Family
In 1926 he married Caroline Grace Kitto, and the couple had a son, George Richard Herbert Greaves (1941-2008) who became Reader in Mathematics at Cardiff University.

Awards and honors

 * Tyson Gold Medal for Astronomy.
 * Awarded Smith's prize in 1921.
 * The crater Greaves on the Moon is named after him.

title: William Michael Herbert Greaves


text:
User talk:Mr. Anon

What did I win? Did I win a monkey? I've always wanted a monkey. Joyous (talk) 19:31, July 15, 2005 (UTC)

There is no cabal!!!!!11one The Fish 10:53, 4 June 2006 (UTC)

Non-free use disputed for Image:Aquabats-yo check out this ride.jpg
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title: User talk:Mr. Anon


text:
Crazy Hits

Crazy Hits is the debut studio album by the Crazy Frog, released on 25 July 2005. It is a collection of songs mixed with the Crazy Frog ringtone, including the remix of the song "Axel F" which appeared in the 1984 film Beverly Hills Cop and "Popcorn".

The Crazy Christmas Edition of the album was released on November 25 with an alternate cover and several holiday-themed bonus tracks. This edition charted in the UK at #75. There was also a similar release titled Crazy Winter Hits 2006 with a selection of rarities and remixes, released only in Russia and Ukraine.

Reception
It debuted at number one on the New Zealand Top 40 Album Chart, and reached number five on the UK Albums Chart, number 18 in Australia, and number 19 on the U.S. Billboard 200 Albums Chart.

Despite its mainstream success, it is, as of November 2021, ranked number 203 on Rate Your Music's "Bottom Albums of All-time" list.

title: Crazy Hits


text:
User:Jnc/ToDo

Medici/Florence
Cosimo de' Medici (Pater Patriae)

Bermuda
Economy of Bermuda

Egypt
Akhenaten - Nefertiti

Computers
CTSS - Multics - ARPANET - History of the Internet - Internet Engineering Task Force

Random
Capability Brown

Music
Organ (music) - Blues Hall of Fame - Lightnin' Hopkins - W. C. Handy Award

Japanese Woodblock Prints/Japan
Hiroshige - Hokusai - Ukiyo-e

Computers
History of operating systems - Unix - TOPS-10 - RSTS/E - MFT - MVT - Tenex - TJ-2 - TJ6 - Packet switching - Computer network - PUP - Computer process - Paging - Personal computer - Stack Pointer - C programming language - RISC - Very-Large-Scale Integration - Edsger Dijkstra - David Reed - David D. Clark

Random
Iceman - Immanuel Velikovsky - John Brunner - Line noise - Thucydides

title: User:Jnc/ToDo


text:
User talk:Love8

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! , SqueakBox 19:33, July 15, 2005 (UTC)
 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
 * Help pages
 * Tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Manual of Style

title: User talk:Love8


text:
Comdial

Comdial Corporation was a telecommunications company based in Sarasota, Florida, and was headquartered in a former Lockheed plant building shared with L3 Communications. Because of the history of manufacturing at the facility, the grounds surrounding the site has been the subject of claims of environmental contamination, namely underground toxic chemicals.

History
Comdial was founded in Oregon in 1977 as a telecommunications research firm. On October 1, 1982 it acquired the telephone manufacturing division of General Dynamics for $53.7 million, gaining the company a major product design and manufacturing operation located in Charlottesville, Virginia.

In the mid-1980s, Comdial supported an R&D facility in Bridgeport, Connecticut. Under the operating name of Scott Technologies, a large portion of the unused Remington Arms building complex was employed. ST developed LCR (Lowest Cost Routing) and station control hardware. Mainframe PBX computers were developed and a limited production facility produced Comdial telephones. The ST facility was closed in 1985-6 and several key engineering employees were offered positions at the Charlottesville, Virginia facility.

Throughout the 1990s Comdial was a large manufacturer of telecommunications equipment in the USA. After several mismanaged years when telecommunications services were in demand during the dot-com boom (1998–2001) and a brief frenetic attempt to sell directly to the consumer with a retail program in order to generate revenue, Comdial filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection in May 2005. In September 2005, Comdial was acquired by Vertical Communications, which continued to sell the Comdial DX-120, FX II, and MP5000 systems under the name Vertical Comdial.

Products
Comdial was a former manufacturer and designer of telecommunication systems. Some of Comdial's more popular discontinued products include the DSU and DSUII, the Concierge (marketed to hotel/motels), FXT/S, Unisyn, and the Comdial Digitech and Executech systems. Comdial sold most of their systems through wholesalers in the US such as Graybar Electric and Tech Data. Comdial also had a large network of Authorized Dealers that marketed the small telephone systems as well as the larger PBXs.

Refurbished Vertical MP5000 units (as of 2019) continue in the marketplace.

title: Comdial


text:
Talk:Elamite language

Elamite and Susian
I have come across a number of references to the "Susian" language; are Susian and Elamite synonymous, or is Susian distinct, or does it represent a period of Elamite (i.e. late Elamite)? Tom Radulovich 19:34, 15 July 2005 (UTC)

Bit about Kurdish
I have removed this bit:

 * Also the most recently, there have been arguments showing the relationship between Elamite and Kurdish language, an Indo-European language classified among Iranian languages but with different origins.

First off, this doesn't make sense: the entire point of a language family is that every language of that family is a descendant of the associated proto-language. Kurdish and Farsi were both once Proto-Iranian, just as Kurdish and English were both once proto-Indo-European. So no "different origins" are possible. If the writer meant to argue that Kurdish is an Iranian language built upon an Elamite linguistic substrate, well fine, but that needs to be expressed and to be credibly sourced.

Which brings me to the next point: the site cited does not appear notable and looks like the work of one person with an agenda. The crankish rant about being ignored by the academic establishment is an immediate yellow flag. Later, the author explicitly rejects the characterization of Kurdish as a Iranian language, which is completely absurd. --Saforrest 05:54, 14 May 2006 (UTC)

 * I don't see how being ignored by the academic establishment is a "yellow flag". Perhaps the academic establishment has an agenda, and regarding Kurds in any way, that is very likely.
 * I'd really like the source to comment on this... Perhaps I can get him to. Which brings me to my next point - I am sick and tired of people disregarding sources because they do not have some establishment supporting them - the site does not look notable? What did you expect? A flash presentation? This is clearly an independent researcher who is having a hard time being heard, much like many others, but has recently (finally) attracted some interest in his work. I think your stating the site does not look notable, or that the source has an agenda is very judgemental.

—The preceding unsigned comment was added by211.27.252.129 (talk • contribs).
 * Wikipedia has policies. People should read at least their summaries before contributing.--91.148.159.4 (talk) 23:03, 10 August 2010 (UTC)
 * Perhaps the IP is the author of said "work"? Such people are given a scholarly review, and when their work is found to be scientifically unsupportable, they are so noted.50.111.14.1 (talk) 23:28, 20 April 2020 (UTC)

McAlpin, Blažek, Starostin
I corrected and added some information. For example, the article wasn't written by Sergei Starostin, but George Starostin, his son. Please, feel free to correct my English, as I'm not a native speaker. :) Thanks in advance. P. 04:43, 4 June 2006 213.168.173.197

Old Elamite or Linear-Elamite
There is no definitive proof that linear-Elamite was a syllabary or that it was used to write Elamite. I therefore suggest to call the writing system linear-Elamite (in accordance with tradition), and not Old Elamite. I will write a brief entry on linear-Elamite and link from here. Jacob Dahl, 20060604

Elamite Numerals?
Any information on Elamite Numerals? —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 213.168.173.197 (talk • contribs).
 * I knew 1 = ki, 2 = ma-ir before... If you look at List of numbers in various languages you'll see: 1 = kir, 2 = mar (these are other versions of "ki" and "ma-ir"), 3 = zit, 8 = liuli, 10 = rit; and on internet I found: 5 = tuku?, 80 = barba Böri (talk) 09:11, 26 February 2013 (UTC)

"Official language"
There needs to be an explanation why it was adopted as an "official language" (?) by the Achaemenids. --Ghirla-трёп- 21:09, 1 July 2007 (UTC)
 * I can tell you why - the Persian rulers, for the most part, were accommodating to their subjects; the southwest population spoke Elamite - ignoring that fact, or trying to force a new language upon tens of thousands of people - especially in those times - was not practical. For government and satrapies to work in what was Elam, Elamite had to be recognized.HammerFilmFan (talk) 23:36, 26 December 2014 (UTC)

Paucity of Information
The corresponding article in the German-language Wikipedia (Elamische Sprache)is much, much richer in information than this article. Those who feel strongly about making Elamite better known to the larger public might want to translate the German article into English. In any case, let this talk item be a directive to the German page. Jakob37 (talk) 03:27, 1 January 2008 (UTC)

Elamite and Tamil; Relationship?
I have never forgotten my former Persian professor (UCLA) Don Stilo's remarks in class one day in 1974 or 5 about Elamite being related to the Dravidian languages. I wonder if anyone feels it worthy to note that the separatist Tamil groups currently fighting in Sri Lanka refer to themselves as the "Tigers of Elam"? Perhaps there is a connection between Elamite and Tamil. I am not in the linguistics field, but I thought it worthy to at least make a comment. Hats off to everyone for their thoughtful and critical efforts on here. Daniel Sparkman (talk) 21:41, 16 May 2008 (UTC)

 * The proposed Elamite-Dravidian relationship is discussed in the article. (Tamil is a Dravidian language.) Eelam is the Tamil form of Lanka. --JWB (talk) 21:50, 16 May 2008 (UTC)

 * No relationship whatsoever - scholars and linguists identify Elamite as a language isolate. HammerFilmFan (talk) 16:31, 9 March 2013 (UTC)

Should the variant "Ilamid" for "Elamite" be used on this page?
I will paste in below recent exchange on this subject between myself and an anonymous correspondent on my personal Talk page and ask that others more knowledgeable than myself please make a decision on this issue. Here is the correspondence so far:

Llamids?
Hi, what exactly did you mean by this? --Anonymous44 (talk) 12:47, 15 August 2008 (UTC)

 * Ilamid is meant to begin with a capital "i" - not a capital "l" - the font used in the Wikipedia is, indeed, very confusing and should be changed so that capital forms of the letters can be easily distinguished from each other. "Ilamid" is a reasonably common alternative way of writing "Elamite." See, for example, or . Hope that clears up any confusion. Cheers, John Hill (talk) 22:55, 15 August 2008 (UTC)

 * Thanks, it makes more sense now (I had been wondering at first if a connection might be implied with Llamas or even Tibetan Lamas in some way :)), although I wonder how you came to encounter this version of the name in the first place. It's not really that common at all in my experience. Judging from the links you provided and other searches, "Ilamids" seems to be used in English by a few Iranian websites, for unclear reasons - perhaps they're using the Farsi (oops, Persian) form as a way of claiming their cultural heritage? A search for "Ilamids", "Ilamid language", as compared with "Elamites", "Elamite language", on either Google or Google books shows that "Ilamid" (apart from the names of some unrelated Muslim sultans) practically doesn't exist. (This includes the researcher cited by the Iranian news, who uses "Elamite" in his own writings ). A look-up in an English dictionary or encyclopedia also shows that "Ilamid" is not an English word. Of course, if there's much lobbying for it, "Political Correctness" may eventually claim another triumph. But for the time being, I think we shouldn't be giving the term a legitimacy that it doesn't have.--Anonymous44 (talk) 00:24, 16 August 2008 (UTC)

 * Reply: Sorry - I just quickly looked up a couple of references to Ilamids (i.e. with a capital "I" at the beginning) on the internet to give you links you could check (and I could find) quickly. I have seen it used in various papers but, unfortunately, I don't have any of them with me still (I was doing a lot of reading on that period a couple of years ago - but haven't been recently). You may be right, though, that it is only used in Iranian sources, and its use here is not justified. I have just had a further look on the internet and have found only a few references to it. One source that does use it in its papers, and which may indicate a wider acceptance, is the "Circle of Ancient Iranian Studies" which is connected with London University's prestigious School of Oriental and African Studies. However, I now discover as I tried to post it here for you to check, that their website has been blacklisted by the Wikipedia (for reasons unknown to me). I am, therefore, happy to leave it to other readers to decide whether it should be included in this article - I have no strong feelings either way. I will post all this correspondence on the Talk page to see what others think. Best wishes, John Hill (talk) 10:36, 17 August 2008 (UTC)
 * About the CAIS's blacklisting - I don't know why it was done, but I do have the vague impression that they pursue a nationalist agenda (I don't quite remember how I got it, it might have been in connection with the description of the Cyrus cylinder as a "charter of human rights", which is the only Iranian-related issue I recall having participated in anyway). They point out in their "About" page that they are not connected to the London School any more. Best, --Anonymous44 (talk) 12:59, 17 August 2008 (UTC)

OK, since there have been no other comments, I'll remove "Ilamids" for the time being.--Anonymous44 (talk) 19:56, 23 August 2008 (UTC)

How do people know if it is/not Indo-European?
Does anybody speak the language? No they don't so how do they know it is not Semitic/Indo European. Modern Persians(Iranians) speak Farsi. So switching from a language that is from a completely different family is a very dramatic change. Can tell why linguists don't think that Elamite is not a Semtic/Indo-European language? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 88.106.64.242 (talk) 16:28, 18 May 2010 (UTC)

 * Actually, scholars do have a sufficiently good idea of the Elamite language to tell such a thing. They know a great deal of the vocabulary and the grammar, so they can see that it has nothing to do with Indo-European. You may want to take a look at comparative linguistics if you are unsure how people can tell an IE language from a non-IE language. If you want to see what Elamite looks like and how it works, you can look at the sources in the external links (unfortunately, none is in English). --91.148.159.4 (talk) 22:59, 10 August 2010 (UTC)

 * I do hope you meant "... is not a Semitic OR an Indo-European language" above - Sumerian is not Indo-European, nor is it related to any other language. It's a language isolate.  Dramatic changes in a spoken language in a particular territory have happened many times throughout history for a variety of reasons (conquest, immigration, adoption, etc.) and is not unusual in the least. HammerFilmFan (talk) 16:45, 17 October 2011 (UTC)

Possible late survival
In the writings of some early Arabic/Muslim geographers, mention is made of an "unintelligible dialect" which they occurred here and there in Khuzestan. Some scholars have suggested that this idiom could have represented a late survival of Elamite, based the plausible assumption that the Arabic geographers were familiar with all other probable alternatives such as Persian, Kurdish, Aramaic and the like. I agree that the suggestion sounds plausible, even if it is, of course, conjecture. See the German article for citations. Could be mentioned here, too, with all due caution. --Florian Blaschke (talk) 22:39, 4 September 2013 (UTC)

See also Origin of the name Khuzestan for further details and citations. Encyclopædia Iranica is probably the best source to use as it is supremely scholarly and renowned, written in English, and largely available online. --Florian Blaschke (talk) 22:49, 4 September 2013 (UTC)

 * Instead of "see .... ", list the source, date and page number if you wish to be truly helpful.

 * The latest articles on Elamite suggest no such "late survival." Since over a year ago you were asked to provide a proper citation, and have not done so, I can only regard such claims as so much cruft/fringey.16:04, 18 January 2015 (UTC)

 * The latest articles on Elamite suggest no such "late survival." That is because that is the current consensus, backed up by hard evidence. And by "hard evidence" I mean actual writing samples.
 * Since over a year ago you were asked to provide a proper citation, and have not done so, I can only regard such claims as so much cruft/fringey. Specifically what evidence are you looking for? The source that causes all of the speculation about the language's late survival? Or sources which actually speculate about that source implicating a late survival for the language? For those interested, the passage in Al-Fehrast by Ibn al-Nadim which was itself a quote from another scholar Ibn al-Muqaffa' that causes all of this wild speculation reads as follows: "The Iranian languages are Fahlavi, Dari, Khuzi, Persian, and Seryani." Pahlavi, Dari and Persian are all important literary languages and hence they are mentioned separately despite being similar to each other, Seyrani is of course Syriac, the only language which we cannot identify in this list is Khuzi. Hence the theory goes, what other language could Khuzi be other than Elamite? What other language in that part of Iran would deserve mention? This is all of course wild speculation, that is why sources like this one  mention the idea only briefly in passing, (in any case that article cites other scholars though which gives you the sources you were looking for). — Preceding unsigned comment added by 72.10.117.203 (talk) 23:53, 2 April 2015 (UTC)

External links modified
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External links modified
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proto-Elamite script vs. language
It would seem that by 2650 B.C. when an Elamite king is first attested IN Elamite, that the language would have been solidly formed. I am aware that the proto-Elamite script is still not decipherable - correct? - so we don't know if what is said is in the Elamite language. Are there sources which push the language back to 3100 B.C., etc.? 50.111.14.1 (talk) 23:44, 20 April 2020 (UTC)

Dating and History
I have never seen a question mark used this way on Wikipedia to demonstrate uncertainty. If anyone has any citations I would like to help even try and find them but otherwise propose that the section be removed as it seems to have no sources and be sketchy. Monosyllable (talk) 10:34, 1 July 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Elamite language


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title: User:CecilTyme/myskin.css


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Warm Springs, California

Warm Springs is a census-designated place in Riverside County, California. Warm Springs sits at an elevation of 1365 ft. The 2010 United States census reported Warm Springs's population was 2,676.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP covers an area of 2.0 square miles (5.2 km$2$), all of it land.

Demographics
At the 2010 census Warm Springs had a population of 2,676. The population density was 1,320.6 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of Warm Springs was 1,673 (62.5%) White, 119 (4.4%) African American, 24 (0.9%) Native American, 102 (3.8%) Asian, 14 (0.5%) Pacific Islander, 606 (22.6%) from other races, and 138 (5.2%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1,232 persons (46.0%).

The whole population lived in households, no one lived in non-institutionalized group quarters and no one was institutionalized.

There were 902 households, 365 (40.5%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 418 (46.3%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 122 (13.5%) had a female householder with no husband present, 88 (9.8%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 105 (11.6%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 7 (0.8%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 185 households (20.5%) were one person and 36 (4.0%) had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size was 2.97. There were 628 families (69.6% of households); the average family size was 3.44.

The age distribution was 698 people (26.1%) under the age of 18, 350 people (13.1%) aged 18 to 24, 763 people (28.5%) aged 25 to 44, 619 people (23.1%) aged 45 to 64, and 246 people (9.2%) who were 65 or older. The median age was 31.1 years. For every 100 females, there were 103.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 105.4 males.

There were 1,014 housing units at an average density of 500.4 per square mile, of the occupied units 414 (45.9%) were owner-occupied and 488 (54.1%) were rented. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.9%; the rental vacancy rate was 11.1%. 1,386 people (51.8% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 1,290 people (48.2%) lived in rental housing units.

title: Warm Springs, California


text:
File:Lucialucia.PNG

Fair use in Lucía, Lucía
Though this image is subject to copyright, its use is covered by the U.S. fair use laws because:
 * 1) It's a low resolution copy of a Film Poster / VHS or DVD Cover.
 * 2) It doesn't limit the copyright owner's rights to sell the film in any way, in fact, it may encourage sales.
 * 3) Because of the low resolution, copies could not be used to make illegal copies of the artwork/image.
 * 4) The image is itself a subject of discussion in the article or used in the infobox thereof.
 * 5) The image  is significant because it was used to promoted a notable film.

Source

 * 1) Derived from a digital capture (photo/scan) of the Film Poster/ VHS or DVD Cover (creator of this digital version is irrelevant as the copyright in all equivalent images is still held by the same party). Copyright held by the film company or the artist.  Claimed as fair use regardless.

title: File:Lucialucia.PNG


text:
Yoel Levi

Yoel Levi (Hebrew: יואל לוי) (born 16 August 1950) is an Israeli musician and conductor.

Early life
Born in Romania, Levi grew up in Israel.

He studied at the Tel Aviv Academy of Music, receiving a Master of Arts degree with distinction. He continued studies at the Jerusalem Academy of Music with Mendi Rodan. He also studied with Franco Ferrara in Siena and Rome, with Kirill Kondrashin in the Netherlands, and at the Guildhall School of Music and Drama in London.

Career
Levi won first prize at the International Conductors Competition in Besançon in 1978. He spent six years with the Cleveland Orchestra, from 1978 to 1984, as assistant conductor to Lorin Maazel, and with the title of resident conductor from 1980 to 1984. He became music director of the Atlanta Symphony Orchestra in 1988 and held the post until 2000, when he was succeeded by Robert Spano. With the Atlanta Symphony, Levi made several commercial recordings for Telarc, including music of Samuel Barber, Aaron Copland, Miklos Rozsa, Shostakovich, and Mussorgsky. Following his Atlanta music directorship, he held the title of music director emeritus of the Atlanta Symphony from 2000 to 2005.

Outside of the United States, Levi was Principal Conductor of the Brussels Philharmonic from 2001 to 2007. He became principal guest conductor of the Israel Philharmonic Orchestra in 2001, the first Israeli with that title. Levi served as Principal Conductor of the Orchestre national d'Île-de-France from 2005 to 2012. In August 2013, Levi was named the next music director and principal conductor of the KBS Symphony Orchestra in South Korea, effective January 2014, with an initial contract of 2 years. He concluded his tenure in 2019.

In 2021 he was appointed chief conductor and artistic advisor of The Haifa Symphony Orchestra.

Honors
In 1997, Levi was awarded an honorary Doctor of Fine Arts Degree by Oglethorpe University in Atlanta and also gave the commencement address.

In June 2001, he was named Ordre des Arts et des Lettres by the French Government.

Personal life
Levi and his wife Jackie Perelman have three sons: Eyal Levi, a musician with the death metal band DÅÅTH; Amir Levi, an actor and theater director; and Daniel Levi, a drummer.

title: Yoel Levi


text:
Genius Bar

The Genius Bar is a technical support service provided by Apple Inc. inside Apple Stores to support the use of its products and services. The locations provide concierge-style, face-to-face support for customers from "Geniuses" who are specially trained and certified by Apple, with multiple levels of certification depending on the products serviced. Many of the services are provided for free, regardless of the product's warranty status. For problems that require repairs to hardware, most of the work can be completed on-site, while customers wait.

The Genius Bar at Apple Stores offers same-day service for both screen and lithium-ion battery replacements. If the in-house technician needs to send the affected device to an Apple Repair Center, most repaired or replaced iPhones will be returned or ready for pickup in approximately three business days.

Ron Johnson, the former senior vice president for retail, often referred to the Genius Bar as the "heart and soul" of the Apple Store.

Store layout
Layouts of a Genius Bar previously consisted of at least two 15" or 17" current Apple portable computers, often mounted on "floating" stands. Employees now use iPads with similar software to check in machines for repairs. There may be other notebooks for iPod/iPhone troubleshooting, often referred to as "floaters". LCD screens behind the Bar play looped videos which offer tips to customers waiting for help. Stools can be found in front of the Bar for people to sit and chat with each other or with employees.

The "Red Telephone" sometimes seen behind the Genius Bar was a direct line to Apple product specialists, allowing for problems and questions too complicated for the in-store employees to answer. As of August 2009, this phone is no longer installed in newer Apple Retail Stores and removed in others.

Staff
The employees can also be viewed as the local representatives of AppleCare+. They offer personal support when customers have problems or questions relating to their Apple products. Most services carried out at the Genius Bar are free. Non-warranty service (which is paid for by the customer when repairs are complete) is also routinely performed. In some countries, Apple has service depots where portable repairs (for issues such as accidental damage) can be completed for a flat rate. Most portable computer repairs and all desktop repairs are performed in-store and completed overnight or within a few days.

In September 2009, the Family Room Specialists were folded into the mix to handle iPod and iPhone troubleshooting. After its release in 2010, iPad appointments also fell under the Family Room Specialists. Apple now maintains two Genius Bar queues: Mac and Mobile Device.

Larger support teams are headed up by the "Lead Genius", who handles customer service issues at the Genius Bar. The Lead Genius is assisted by "Genius Admins", who manage the administrative paperwork, organizing the Geniuses' work and liaising with customers about their repairs.

Genius Training Student Workbook
The Genius Training Student Workbook is Apple's employee training manual for Apple Store tech-support employees, called Geniuses. The manual features various marketing techniques revolving around the end goal of selling merchandise. One of the basic tenets taught to the employees in training is that “Everyone in the Apple Store is in the business of selling”.

The basic selling strategy is summed up with a mnemonic device: Approach, Probe, Present, Listen, End (APPLE). When customers have concerns, the prescribed response in the manual is the "Three Fs:" Feel, Felt, and Found technique. Every Genius must attend a two-week recruit training that mandates programs as diverse as “Using Diagnostic Services” and “The Power of Empathy.” Geniuses also have a list of words that the manual clearly stipulates as banned; words such as "bomb", "crash" and "hang" must be substituted by "does not respond" or "unexpectedly quits". The manual also teaches employees to read emotional cues such as drumming on a table or placing a palm on the back of the neck that might mean a customer is bored or frustrated, respectively. Employees who are not in the Genius role don't receive this manual or go through this training,

The manual was a well-kept secret, until a copy leaked in August 2012 and ended in the hands of Gizmodo's senior staff writer Sam Biddle, who commented: "It’s a penetrating look inside Apple: psychological mastery, banned words, roleplaying—you’ve never seen anything like it." A Christian Science Monitor article connected the manual's contents to the idea of the "reality distortion field", a term for Apple's effectiveness at charming customers.

Spinoffs/offshoots
Currently, Apple offers the Genius Bar for technical support, and has Creatives – software trainers – available at all times to answer less technical questions.

Over the years, Apple has experimented with ways of offering service and support to complement the Genius Bar. Some examples, all now defunct, include:

 * The Studio is staffed by "trainers" who serve customers with questions about many Apple consumer and pro applications, such as iLife, iWork, Final Cut Pro, and Aperture. Third party applications are not officially supported.
 * The iPod Bar serves to separate out the customers with iPod-related questions to allow the Genius Bar to focus on customers with Macintosh-specific queries.

Pro Labs and Open Lab were introduced with the opening of the Apple Store on West 14th Street in New York City, New York while Pro Labs is also offered at the Sydney, Australia Apple Store and the Pudong, China Apple Store. Open Lab to date is only offered at the West 14th Street location.
 * Pro Labs consist of eight hours of training, spread across a series of four two-hour sessions. Much like The Studio, these sessions focus on Apple's "Pro Apps" such as Aperture and Final Cut Pro, as well as other third-party applications such as Photoshop, however, they are much more in-depth and focused than sessions at The Studio.
 * Open Lab provides first-come, first-served assistance to customers with various applications, much like the early days of the Genius Bar, but with an emphasis on software as opposed to the Genius Bar's focus on hardware.

Apple has also branded features in their iTunes application "Genius" that make musical suggestions based on the user's observed taste.

title: Genius Bar


text:
Talk:Comdial

Untitled
can someone verify all of this? jglc | t | c 19:36, 15 July 2005 (UTC)

I can. I've had direct dealins with this company and there distributors. I'm not sure what part you think might be disputed but the info here looks correct. Yahoo finance can confirm the info provided. User:eric256

disagree
I don't feel that this reads like an advertisement at all. Who in their right mind would advertise a bankruptcy claim?

Hmm
I can see why it might be written like an advertisement, when you read about their devices etc. But that statement about bankruptcy sort of puts a stopper on the whole advertisement idea.

We use ComDial at my work, but I've not done much in the GUI so I cannot comment on the inner workings, just that it seems to work just fine. Love the voice mail to email feature :-)

-Piffer

title: Talk:Comdial


text:
Politionele acties

Politionele acties (Police actions), also politiële acties, in its narrowest definition refers to two major military offensives undertaken by the Netherlands on Java and Sumatra against the Republic of Indonesia during its struggle for independence in the Indonesian National Revolution. In Indonesia they are known collectively as the Agresi Militer Belanda (Dutch Military Aggressions), although the less common translation Aksi Polisionil is also used.

For a long time in Dutch historiography and discourse, the entirety of the Indonesian War of Independence was referred to by the euphemistic term politionele acties, as used by the government at the time. In the Netherlands, the prevailing impression was that there had only been two distinct, short-term police actions intended to restore Dutch authority over a rebellious overseas territory. This perspective disregards that between the arrival of Dutch troops in March 1946 and the cession of sovereignty in December 1949, a full-scale military occupation and a continuous counterinsurgency had taken place, involving 120,000 conscripts.

Operation Product
Operation Product took place between 21 July and 5 August 1947. The Dutch greatly reduced and fragmented Indonesian-controlled territories, with a particular focus on the oil fields and rubber plantations of Sumatra, and the sugar plantations and economic infrastructure of Java. The offensive excluded an attack on the city of Yogyakarta, wartime seat of the Republican government, due to high expected costs of urban warfare.

The actions of the Mariniersbrigade on Java were further divided into an amphibious landing on Pasir Putih, East Java (Product North), amphibious operations in the Meneng Bay (Product East), and a southward offensive launched from Porong (Product South).

Operation Kraai
Operation Kraai (Operation Crow) took place between 19 December 1948 and 5 January 1949. It resulted in the Dutch capture of Yogyakarta, the arrests of much of the Indonesian leadership, and the exile of what remained of the Republican government to Sumatra.

Actions of the Mariniersbrigade on East Java during this offensive are referred to as Operation Zeemeeuw (Operation Seagull).

Other operations
Eclipsed by the scale and notoriety of Product and Kraai, other Dutch offensive operations of the Indonesian Revolution include:
 * Operation Trackman (Gresik, 10 Augustus 1946)
 * Operation Quantico (Gresik, 19 August 1946)
 * Battle of Margarana (Marga, 20 November 1946)
 * South Sulawesi campaign (10 December 1946–21 February 1947)
 * Operation Ideaal (Mojokerto, 17 March 1947)
 * Malang Operation (30 June 1947)
 * Operation Carthago (Asembagus, 5 September 1947)
 * Operation Albatros (Pacitan, 12 January 1949)
 * Operation Otter (Prigi Bay, 7–18 April 1949)
 * Paciran Operation (20–28 May 1949)

title: Politionele acties


text:
Alexina Duchamp

Alexina "Teeny" Duchamp (née Sattler; January 6, 1906 – December 20, 1995) was the wife of Pierre Matisse, daughter-in-law of artist Henri Matisse, and second wife of artist and chess player Marcel Duchamp.

Background
She was born Alexina Sattler in Cincinnati, Ohio in 1906. The youngest daughter of prominent surgeon Robert Sattler, Alexina was nicknamed "Teeny" by her mother Agnes Mitchell because of her low birth weight.

Paris and marriage to Pierre Matisse
Sattler at first thought of becoming an artist and went to Paris in 1921, where for a time she studied sculpture with Constantin Brâncuși at the Académie de la Grande Chaumière in Paris. She first met Marcel Duchamp in 1923 at a ball given in her honor by American sculptor Mariette Benedict Mills, the mother of a close friend. In 1929 Teeny married Pierre Matisse, an art dealer and the youngest son of Fauve artist Henri Matisse. They had three children: Jacqueline, Paul, and Peter. Throughout 1938, Henri Matisse made a series of portrait sketches of Alexina. When her husband was mobilized in Paris at the outbreak of World War II, she ran his gallery for some months. In 1949 Pierre and Teeny separated due to Pierre's infidelity with Patricia Kane Matta, the former wife of surrealist painter Roberto Matta. She received many important paintings in the subsequent divorce settlement.

She worked for a time as an agent and broker for artists such as Brâncuși and Joan Miró.

New York and marriage to Marcel Duchamp
In the autumn of 1951 she was invited by Dorothea Tanning to go on a weekend trip in Hunterdon County. It was on that trip that she once again met Duchamp, and romance developed shortly thereafter. They were both avid chess players. Teeny and Duchamp married in New York City on January 16, 1954. They lived in New York and in Paris; around 1958, the couple began spending summers in Cadaqués, Spain, on the Costa Brava. They were together until his death in 1968. Following Duchamp's death, Alexina moved to Villiers-sous-Grez, near Paris, where she assembled an archive of photographs and other material documenting the life and work of her late husband. She maintained a close friendship with many of Duchamp's friends, including Jasper Johns, Richard Hamilton, composer John Cage, Gianfranco Baruchello, and choreographer Merce Cunningham. Alexander Calder presented her with individually designed jewelry. She also served as an honorary trustee of the Philadelphia Museum of Art, which has the largest collection of Duchamp's work.

After the death of her husband Marcel Duchamp in 1968, Alexina "Teeny" Duchamp collaborated with their stepson Paul Matisse and curator Anne d'Harnoncourt to oversee the posthumous installation of Duchamp's artwork "Étant donnés" at the Philadelphia Museum of Art.

Reading

 * Tomkins, Calvin, Duchamp: A Biography. Henry Holt and Company, Inc., 1996. ISBN 0-8050-5789-7
 * Baruchello, Gianfranco & Martin, Henry, Why Duchamp: An Essay on Aesthetic Impact, McPherson, 1985, ISBN 9780914232735

title: Alexina Duchamp


text:
Colin (horse)

Colin (1905 – 1932) was an undefeated champion American Thoroughbred racehorse who won all his 15 races including the 1908 Belmont Stakes and was the 1907 and 1908 Horse of the Year as well as the 1907 Champion Two-Year-Old Male and 1908 Champion 3-Year-Old Male and was inducted into the National Museum of Racing and Hall of Fame.

In 1907, he swept the major two-year-old stakes races including the Belmont Futurity and Champagne Stakes and was the consensus Horse of the Year. His three-year-old campaign was cut short by injury but he was still Horse of the Year based on his three wins including the Belmont Stakes. As a sire, he suffered from fertility problems but still sired multiple stakes winners.

Colin was inducted into the National Museum of Racing and Hall of Fame in 1956. In the Blood-Horse magazine List of the Top 100 Racehorses of the 20th Century, he was ranked number 15.

Pedigree
Colin was a brown stallion with three white socks and a stripe and snip on his face. He was foaled in 1905 at Castleton Stud in Kentucky and was owned by London-born financier James R. Keene. Colin was from the third crop of foals by the stakes winner and leading sire Commando (by Domino), who had been bred by James Keene. Colin's dam was the English stakes-winning Pastorella (GB), by Springfield. She had been imported to the US by Marcus Daly and was purchased by Keene in 1901.

Racing career
Colin was trained by Hall of Fame inductee James G. Rowe Sr. Rowe had handled many top horses in his long career, including Sysonby, Hindoo (who was never unplaced), and the first filly to win the Kentucky Derby, Regret. Rowe and his horses Miss Woodford, Luke Blackburn, Whisk Broom II, Commando, and Peter Pan were inducted into the Hall of Fame.

James Keene was not initially enthusiastic about Colin, noting his disfiguring curb, or thoroughpin, meaning that the colt had an enlarged hock. He'd been just as disdainful of an earlier purchase: Colin's grandsire Domino, (another eventual Horse of the Year in 1893 and Hall of Famer), but his son, Foxwell Keene, bought Domino anyway.

A friend of Keene's, De Courcey Forbes, always named the Castleton foals. Colin was for "Poor Colin", a pastoral poem by the English poet laureate Nicholas Rowe, thus connecting the name of Colin's dam and the name of his trainer, who took a keen interest in his horses. A hands-on trainer, Rowe was famous for the personal attention he paid to his horses. He literally traveled in the same railroad car with them. Aware that Colin's swollen hock would give him trouble, Rowe attended to it with massages and cold water baths.

Consistently rated as one of the best horses in American racing history, and a celebrity with both fans and horsemen, Colin started fifteen times in his two-year career and never lost. Twelve of these races came when he was a two-year-old. In an age that valued stamina and maturity, Colin was still viewed with awe by the horsemen of his time. Sportswriter Abram Hewitt said, "The blood surges, and the pulses quicken at the very sight of such Olympians on the track." Hewitt had "listened to old-time horsemen talk about Colin with an other-world expression on their faces." Colin was voted the Eclipse Award for Horse of the Year twice: in 1907 and 1908. He was also America's Champion Three-Year-Old Male in 1908.

Colin's last victory came on June 20, 1908 in the Tidal Stakes at Sheepshead Bay, after which he was sent to England to race, but was pulled up lame in a workout and was retired.

Stud record
Colin stood his first season in 1909 at Heath Stud, near Newmarket, England, for a fee of 98 guineas. He was neglected by the English breeders due to his American bloodlines. First in England, and then back in Kentucky after Keene died, Colin was plagued by infertility problems. In c. 1913, Colin was purchased for $30,000 by Wickliffe Stud, where he stood until the stud was dispersed in January 1918. Edward B. McLean then purchased the 13-year-old Colin for $5,100 to stand at his Belray Farm, near Middleburg, Virginia. He sired 11 stakes winners out of 81 foals in 23 seasons at stud, which translates into 14% of his get. His best galloper was Jock (1924 from Kathleen by *Sempronius; 17 wins and $95,255). His son Neddie was the paternal grandsire of Alsab. Another was On Watch, the broodmare sire Stymie.

Colin died in 1932 at the age of twenty-seven on Belray Farm near Middleburg, Virginia. His lifetime earnings amounted to $180,912.

Kent Hollingsworth admired Colin's career as a racehorse and observed the horses' potential in his book, The Great Ones. He said, "Great horses have been beaten by mischance, racing luck, injury and lesser horses running the race of their lives. None of these, however, took Colin. He was unbeatable."

Honors
Colin was inducted into the National Museum of Racing and Hall of Fame in 1956. In The Blood-Horse magazine ranking of the top 100 U.S. thoroughbred champions of the 20th Century, he was ranked #15. It was eighty years before another horse, Personal Ensign, retired unbeaten in America.

title: Colin (horse)


text:
Zecharia Mayani

Zacharie Mayani (Russia, 1899 – 1982) was a French writer and author of Russian Jewish descent.

Education and publications
He was educated at Paris University, where he received his doctorate in 1935. He was also a student in the École du Louvre. Pedagogue, journalist, specialist in antiquities, also author of a Hebrew textbook for Russian speakers and activist of the Zionist revisionist movement.

His book Les Etrusques commencent a parler (The Etruscans Begin to Speak) put forth a thesis with exuberant reconstructions that the Etruscan language of antiquity had links to the modern Albanian language. This connection is dismissed by most scholars as "wildly speculative". Comparative linguistics have long demonstrated that Albanian is a unique branch of the Indo-European languages, whereas the consensus among linguists and etruscologists is that Etruscan was a pre–Indo-European language.

In Les Hyksos et le monde de la Bible (Paris: Payot, 1956) he also emphasized a connection between the Hebrews, the Kenites and the Habiru. Zachari also supported that Canaanites went into Asia Minor, Illyria, and even Italy.

title: Zecharia Mayani


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Bit meddler

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was DELETE. -Splash 22:15, 11 September 2005 (UTC)

Bit meddler
Vanity page. --Several Times 19:38, 15 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete -asx- 03:36, 29 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete nn. --Firsfron 23:52, 24 August 2005 (UTC)
 * KEEP This is a notable and well known artist in his Genre, perhaps one of the best known, however, this article needs to be seriously improved Drdisque 08:26, 28 August 2005 (UTC)

 * This never made it to the main VfD page; adding now. No vote.  JYolkowski // talk 15:48, 3 September 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete vanity. Mindmatrix 14:21, 5 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, notability not established. --maclean25 20:12, 11 September 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Repulsion (band)

Repulsion is an American grindcore band from Flint, Michigan, founded in 1984.

History
Matt Olivo and Scott Carlson, with bassist Sean MacDonald, formed Tempter in 1984, a metal act covering Bay Area thrash metal bands, such as Slayer and Metallica. The group's sound became increasingly infused with hardcore punk when Phil Hines, of Flint hardcore punk band Dissonance, joined as a drummer. They juggled band names, first renaming themselves Ultraviolence and then Genocide before recording their first demo in 1984. In spite of their growing popularity in the underground Genocide struggled to survive and faced difficulty maintaining a consistent lineup.

In the summer of 1985 Chuck Schuldiner, of pioneering death metal act Death, invited Carlson and Olivo to Florida to complete the Death lineup. The two parties failed to settle on a uniform creative direction and the merger proved short lived. Carlson and Olivo returned to Flint that summer, determined to reform Genocide. Local punk Dave 'Grave' Hollingshead was recruited as drummer, after Carlson and Olivo saw an article about Hollingshead being arrested for grave robbery.

In 1985 the reformed Genocide recorded the Violent Death demo tape, with Carlson assuming bass duties, and resumed playing live locally. In late 1985 Aaron Freeman was invited into the band as a second guitarist. With their line-up fleshed out, Genocide recorded in a studio for the first time to lay down the tracks for what was supposed to be their first album The Stench of Burning Death – it ended up being their third demo. By 1986 Repulsion's trademark style had matured; characterised by raspy shouted vocals, extremely distorted down-tuned guitars, overdriven punkish riffs, absurd rambling solos interjected as if only as an afterthought, rumbling bass lines, and machine-gun drumming. Repulsion was experimenting with a hammering, static clouded, lo-fi sound that was on a level of extreme that had been touched on by few bands before. To complement the band's sound they penned gruesome lyrics; focusing on fantastic apocalyptic themes ranging from zombie epidemics to nuclear war.

Finally in 1989 Repulsion's material enjoyed modest, albeit posthumous, exposure when UK grindcore pioneers Carcass distributed a Repulsion compilation titled Horrified on their own Necrosis Records label; a subsidiary of Earache Records. With interest in Repulsion rekindled, the band decided to reform in 1990. They resumed playing live with the (almost) 'classic' Repulsion lineup: Scott Carlson bass and vocals, Aaron Freeman on guitar, and Dave Grave on drums; Matt Olivo, then serving in the army, filled in as a second guitarist when possible. Repulsion recorded two self-financed demos in 1991: Rebirth, and their Final Demo, often criticised as lacking the drive and intensity of the band's earlier material. Later that year they managed to release a single on Relapse entitled Excruciation. In spite of new material the band broke up yet again in 1993. Scott Carlson went on to play in Cathedral briefly, the rest of the band departed for short-lived projects or simply returned to everyday life. Relapse re-released Horrified again in 2003, drawing attention to Repulsion once more, and prompting the band to resume live performance.

In 2008, Repulsion opened for At the Gates on their "Suicidal Final Tour" in California, along with Darkest Hour and Municipal Waste.

Venom, Hellhammer, Celtic Frost, Discharge, Possessed, N.Y.C. Mayhem, Slayer, Slaughter, Exodus, and Crucifix have been repeatedly cited in interviews as major influences. Various bands have recorded covers of Repulsion songs, including Napalm Death, Impaled and Entombed.

Current
Source:
 * Scott Carlson - vocals (1984-1985, 1985–1988, 1990-1993, 2003–present), bass (1985–1988, 1990-1993, 2003–present)
 * Matt Olivo - guitar (1984-1985, 1985–1988, 1990-1993, 2003–present)
 * Chris Moore - drums (2014–present)

Former

 * James Auten - drums (1984)
 * Sean MacDonald - bass (1985)
 * Phill Hines - drums (1984)
 * Aaron Freeman - guitar (1986-1988, 1990-1993, 2003–2005)
 * Dave 'Grave' Hollingshead - drums (1986-1988, 1990-1993, 2003–2005)
 * Col Jones - drums (2005-2014)
 * Tom 'Fish' Perro - drums (1986)
 * Matt Harvey - guitar (2005-2008)
 * Mike Beams - guitar (2008-2011)
 * Marissa Martinez - guitar (2011-2013)

Demos

 * Rehearsal Tape (1984)
 * Stench of Burning Death (1984)
 * Violent Death (1985)
 * WFBE (1986)
 * Slaughter of the Innocent (1986)
 * Rebirth (1991)
 * Final Demo (1991)

Single

 * "Excruciation" (Relapse Records, 1991)

Album

 * Horrified (Necrosis Records, 1989; Relapse Records, 1992, 2003; Southern Lord Records, 2006)

Split

 * Relapse Singles Series Vol. 3 (Relapse Records, 2004)

title: Repulsion (band)


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Kirbies

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete & redirect to Kirby. – ABCD✉ 23:23, 2 August 2005 (UTC)

Kirbies
Searching google this internet slang word doesn't seem notable. Feydey 19:40, 15 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Definately not notable. Gwk 19:48, 15 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete - non-notable. -Satori 20:24, 15 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge to Kirby, since some of the characters shown people sometimes use in chat rooms to show emotions or expressing themselves. Zscout370 (Sound Off) 20:56, 15 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep This was a notable sub-group of Neopets users and is worth having information on. The only reason it can not be easily found is because the majority of these users have grown and left; it is still history. --Nathan Goldman 21:07, 15 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep I think this article should be preserved as it referred to a formerly prominent internet group --CharlesJ 21:11, 15 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment: I smell sockpuppetry... -Feydey 21:54, 15 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment: Feel free to check our IP addresses. Charles and I are simply two people with a good deal of information regarding this subject. We are not the same person. --Nathan Goldman 22:32, 15 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, non-notable forum trolls. Dcarrano 00:45, July 16, 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge per Zscout370. Nifboy 01:34, 16 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Or, possibly, merge to Emoticon, of which Kirbies are a subsection. Nifboy 22:26, 16 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete non notable cruft. JamesBurns 06:51, 16 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge per Zscout. Xoloz 16:34, 16 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete and redirect to Kirby. No point in merging really. Radiant_ >|< 13:16, July 17, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete and redirect as above. There is no such thing as a "notable sub-group of Neopets users" in Wikipedia's sense of the word "notable". --FOo 05:58, 18 July 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Kirbies


text:
Jackson Township, Auglaize County, Ohio

Jackson Township is one of the fourteen townships of Auglaize County, Ohio, United States. The 2020 census found 4,011 people in the township.

Geography
Located in the far southwestern part of the county, it borders the following townships:
 * German Township - north
 * Van Buren Township, Shelby County - northeast corner
 * McLean Township, Shelby County - east and south
 * Marion Township, Mercer County - west

The village of Minster is located in eastern Jackson Township, and a small portion of the village of New Bremen lies in its far northeast corner. As well, the unincorporated community of Egypt lies in the township's west.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, Jackson Township has an area of 52.6 sqkm. A tiny part of Lake Loramie is located in the township's southeast.

Name and history
It is one of thirty-seven Jackson Townships statewide.

Originally a part of German Township, the township was formed in 1858.

Government
The township is governed by a three-member board of trustees, who are elected in November of odd-numbered years to a four-year term beginning on the following January 1. Two are elected in the year after the presidential election and one is elected in the year before it. There is also an elected township fiscal officer, who serves a four-year term beginning on April 1 of the year after the election, which is held in November of the year before the presidential election. Vacancies in the fiscal officership or on the board of trustees are filled by the remaining trustees.

Public services
The majority of the township is in the Minster School District with western portions being located in the Marion Local School District.

The majority of the township is served by the Minster (45865) post office, with the southwestern section of the township served by the Fort Loramie (45845) post office.

title: Jackson Township, Auglaize County, Ohio


text:
Gorey, Jersey

Gorey (Gouray; Jèrriais: Gouôrray) is a village in the parishes of St Martin and Grouville on the east coast of Jersey. The harbour is one of the three main harbours of the island, and is located in St Martin. The main centre of the village is located at Gorey Pier near Mont Orgeuil Castle, a 13th-century fortification, in St Martin, while there is a small community with a few shops and restaurants. The church in the village is known as Gouray Church.

History
Its position as the closest strategic mainland point to the Cotentin Peninsula has meant that it has a history of fortification going back at least to the Iron Age. After the division of the Duchy of Normandy in 1204 the strategic location of the harbour led to the construction of the castle of Mont Orgueil to protect the island against the French, also serving as residence for Governors of Jersey until the late 16th century when Elizabeth Castle was constructed off Saint Helier. The castle was anciently called Gouray Castle, but Mont Oreguil is a more recent name (in official use by the late 17th century).

There is a significant oyster bed off the coast of Gorey. In the early 19th century, at least 2,000 men were employed in the industry at Gorey, and a number of cottages were built in the village to accommodate the new English residents. This also led to the construction of Gouray Church to provide English services for the residents (most of the Anglican services on the island at the time were delivered in French). :236

In 2010, it was announced that the Harbour Master's house would be sold, and the proceeds used to carry out restoration work to Gorey Pier. In the same year, plans were submitted for 52 homes on the Jersey Pottery site.

Local economy
The pier below the castle has been the site of the annual Fête de la Mer (seafood gastronomic festival) until 2010, and also contains an interpretation centre exhibiting the history and environment of the area. The annual Gorey Fête in August is one of the largest such events in Jersey.

There are a number of hotels, shops, restaurants, and bars. Many of these facilities are located along the pier, and are used by tourists and locals.

Transport
Gorey Pier is the eastern terminus of the A3 La Rue à Don, which is the main road linking the village to Grouville Church and to St Helier. It was formerly the terminus for the Jersey Eastern Railway.

As part of the Eastern Cycle Network plans, Gorey will be connected to St Helier with a direct off-main road cycle route. A cycle path was constructed along the side of La Rue à Don in Gorey in 2011 in a move to link the village to the local primary school. Later on, the cycle lane was extended south along the Royal Golf Course (at a cost of £190,000) and north to connect to Gorey Pier along the coast.

Notable buildings
Buildings of note in Gorey include Mont Orgueil castle, and Gouray Church, an Anglican church, which serves the village and surrounding district.

title: Gorey, Jersey


text:
Talk:Politionele acties

early comment
Mostly just translated from the Dutch version. Should maybe be incorporated into Indonesian_National_Revolution. emilio 15 July, 19:45 GMT

Suggestions and Announcement on History of Indonesia and Related Articles
After editing the articles Suharto and History of Indonesia and several others, I believe an effort needs to be made to refine existing articles on historical events in Indonesia, and to correct the omissions on English Wikipedia by creating new articles on major events/periods in Indonesian history (e.g. Pre-colonial, Colonial, Post-Independence, Confrontation, 65-66 Civil War etc.).

This would allow the article History of Indonesia be a more general summary-style page (for those who want a broad overview of the area's history), and allow those who wish for greater depth to examine the articles on historical eras/events. That is, those who wish to examine Indonesia under Sukarno could look at a Post-Independence Era page, without being burdened by having to navigate stuff on the Majapahit Empire.

I've started some work, creating an outline (as well as a template that can be applied to History of Indonesia related pages) that can be seen here: Template:History of Indonesia. For an idea of what I believe the target for quality and organization, please take a peek at History of Russia.

I understand this is a long task, and that no one person could be/should be in charge of all this. (Especially not me, since being born/raised in the United States, the sources I have tend to give the buleh view of things.) So I am posting this message on applicable Talk pages, and ask that folks think it over, and if possible offer any help. Especially appreciated would be any folks who could streamline the process by translating related Wikipedia Indonesia articles into English.

Please steer comments to Wikipedia_talk:Indonesia-related_topics_notice_board. --Daniel 21:37, 10 October 2005 (UTC)

WPMILHIST Assesment
Please provide references, expand where possible, and clean up the grammar. The opening sentence is nearly unintelligible, and the remainder of the article, though mostly good, needs style tweaks here and there. Thank you. LordAmeth 08:50, 10 January 2007 (UTC)

It would be nice if it wasn't so biased towards the Nationalists as well. user:mercator079:mercator079 09:54 14 Aug 2007 UTC
 * I actually wanted to split this article into two - one for each police action. The 'mother' article would thus be Indonesian National Revolution (which I completely re-wrote and expanded 6 months ago), of which the 'Police Actions' were the two largest Dutch military offensives. But, there is never enough time on wikipedia. As for being POV, such issues would be solved if reliable references were provided. --Merbabu 10:27, 14 August 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:Politionele acties