text:
Nevada State Route 28

State Route 28 (SR 28) is a 16.3 mi state highway in Douglas County, Carson City, and Washoe County in western Nevada, United States, that runs along the northeastern shore of Lake Tahoe. SR 28 connects U.S. Route 50 (US 50) in Douglas County with California State Route 28 at Crystal Bay. SR 28 has been part of the Nevada scenic byway system since June 1994 and the National Scenic Byway system since September 1996.

Route description

SR 28 begins at Spooner Junction, a T intersection with US 50 (also known as the Lincoln Highway) and SR 28 on the border between the Humboldt–Toiyabe National Forest and the Lake Tahoe – Nevada State Park in northwestern Douglas County, just south of Spooner Lake.

From its southern terminus, SR 28 heads northwest, initially along the border between the national forest and the state park. After about 1 mi the highway leaves Douglas County and enters Carson City (independent city) and fully enters the state park. Shortly thereafter the highway crosses over North Canyon Creek, and about 1 mi after entering the state park, the highway leaves the park and enters the Humboldt–Toiyabe National Forest. Assuming a northerly course, SR 28 continues through the national forest and, after about another 3 mi, the highway leaves Carson City and enters Washoe County.

Just over 1 mi after entering Washoe County, SR 28 begins a segment (of approximately 4 mi) which runs along the east shore of Lake Tahoe. About 1/2 mi along this segment, SR 28 leaves the national forest to re-enter the state park. The route then passes just east of the Sand Harbor area of the state park, site of the annual Lake Tahoe Shakespeare Festival. North of Sand Harbor, SR 28 is also known as Tahoe Boulevard. Just over 3 mi after reentering the state park, the route finally leaves it, briefly passes through another short section of the national forest, and enters the census-designated place of Incline Village.

Upon entering Incline Village, the route leaves the Lake Tahoe shoreline and connects with the eastern end of Lakeshore Boulevard at a T intersection (which heads west to reconnect with SR 28) and then turns to a westerly heading through the community. About 3.5 mi after entering the community, near the west side of town, SR 28 connects with the southern end of Nevada State Route 431 (SR 431) at a roundabout. About 1/2 mi later SR 28 reconnects with Lakeshore Boulevard. At that intersection, Tahoe Boulevard ends and SR 28 begins running along Lakeshore Boulevard. Continuing west, the highway resumes running along the shore of Lake Tahoe before it leaves Incline Village and turns south toward census-designated place of Crystal Bay.

As SR 28 heads south, it runs less than 1 mi from and roughly parallel to the California state line. In southern Crystal Bay, the route turns west and promptly reaches its western terminus at the California state line and the eastern end of California State Route 28 at an intersection with Stateline Road. California State Route 28 continues west through the census-designated place and border community of Kings Beach (including the community of Brockway) and on to Tahoe Vista and Tahoe City.

At a point near the northern intersection of Lakeshore Boulevard, around 12,900 cars travel along SR 28 on average each day.

History
The road that became SR 28, used for flumes in the timber industry since 1880, was paved around 1932. The route first appeared in 1948, with the same general alignment as it has today. The highway gained fame for many years as the location of the Ponderosa Ranch, filming location of the television series Bonanza that is located on the east end of Incline Village. On June 7, 1994, the Nevada Department of Transportation (NDOT) designated SR 28 as a scenic byway, named North Shore Road. Later in September 1996, SR 28 and part of US 50 was designated as Lake Tahoe - Eastshore Drive, a National Scenic Byway.

Major intersections

 * Note: Mileposts in Nevada reset at county lines; the start and end mileposts for each county are given in the county column.

title: Nevada State Route 28


text:
Wikipedia:Peer review/Blade Runner/archive1

Blade Runner
This article is a failed FAC candidate. I believe the majority of issues have been taken care of; but to help ensure a smooth third nomination by me; I'd like to submit the article to scrutiny. I'm particularly concerned with any sections that could/should be added to make the article comprehensive; but given my passion for the subject matter I'm not the best person to figure out what those might be. - RoyBoy 800 01:34, 14 July 2005 (UTC)

 * It looks good, one of our best articles on a film. My major concern is that having Themes in Blade Runner as a separate article doesn't seem like a good idea. I would want to see more on themes in the main article, and some things sent to the subarticle, such as the full debate over Deckard's humanity, seem out of place. I suggest summarizing themes and integrating it into the main page. A single 40Kb article is less of a problem than two arbitrarily divided ones. - SimonP 13:19, July 14, 2005 (UTC)

 * I cannot see reintegration as the better option; certainly the section needs to beefed up, and I admit neglecting it over a matter of indecision on my part on what to use (my lead or the original, and quite marvelous, original text) which is in the BR article now. I suppose if I can't beat'em join'em, meaning I should integrate the two and expand it a touch; maybe into five paragraphs. - RoyBoy 800 00:53, 17 July 2005 (UTC)

It's good, but still needs improvement. Creators section should be renamed into Production or something similar and include information such as when filming began and ended. I felt Synopsis was confusing and in some cases way too detailed. When an important charachter is introduced take the time to introduce that charachters role (not just using parenthsis) and maybe a little of that charachters personality. When describing events avoid too much detail, and I also felt the synopsis section used to many short awkward sentences. Influence and Awards should be moved after Synopsis and Themes should be moved between Synopsis and Influence and Awards. Also you are missing information about the Cast. Use Casablanca (film) and WikiProject Films as guides.

 * Alright, although I'm confused as to where its confusing, and why would I want to cut details of events, but then upgrade character details (which I agree with)? - RoyBoy 800 00:53, 17 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Explaining the charachters will help with the confusion. About too much detail, sentences like this: "However, Leon surprises Deckard and knocks his gun to the ground before beating him senseless in an alleyway. Just as he is about to kill Deckard, Rachael shoots Leon in the head." This can be condensed into something similar to: "Leon suprised Deckard and they fight, and just as Deckard is about to be killed, Rachel shoots Leon in the head." MechBrowman 01:30, July 17, 2005 (UTC)

 * While I appreciate your help, you getting rid of "useless detail" is in effect diminishing the quality of the synopsis. "Deckard visits the Tyrell Corporation to meet the company's owner" is completely at odds with the storyline that Deckard was "sent" there to test wether Nexus-6's can be detected; not to "visit" or "meet Tyrell". You asked to expand on the character detail, but then remove my newly constructed intro of Rachael. Frankly I'm annoyed having spent over an hour agonizing over what to insert without bloating the size of the synopsis. Generally speaking your version lacks dramatic nuance, and contains several typos; and while I'm no expert at tense putting "had" in several places is confusing. - RoyBoy 800 04:26, 18 July 2005 (UTC)

 * The part about visiting Tyrell Corporation I had to rewrite last becasue there was absolutely no indication in that paragraph about what mattered to the main plot. Taking so much time to explain why Deckard went to Tyrell Corporation is too much detail. All you need to explain is what happens there, because what happens there effects the main plot later in the film.

 * Neither version has "dramatic nuance". Both are generally awkward reads, and basically poorly written. I feel my version is better only because I took out scenes and long explanations of facts that don't belong in a synopsis.

 * The information you put about the charachters was not what I meant at all. I meant their personality or at least what your first impression of what the charachter is like. Not if they are bearded and in their thirties. This is just my opionion about how much needs to go into the synopsis. The main problem with the synopsis is it's flow and sentence structure, and if more detail would make it sound better I think thats fine. No matter what, the Synopsis needs more work. MechBrowman 14:50, July 18, 2005 (UTC)

 * Agreed, I gave it another whirl. - RoyBoy 800 06:55, 19 July 2005 (UTC)

 * It's much better, good work! MechBrowman 12:47, July 19, 2005 (UTC)

This sentence: "It could be argued the strong visuals serve to create a dehumanized world where human elements stand out. Furthermore the relationship between Deckard and Rachael could be essential in reaffirming their respective humanity." Sentences like this need to be avoided at all costs. Who is arguing this? What is "it"? For example instead say, "Other critics have countered that...". MechBrowman 15:48, July 14, 2005 (UTC)

 * Understood, thanks. - RoyBoy 800 00:53, 17 July 2005 (UTC)

 * I've performed a copyedit of the article, along with some other changes, such as resizing some of the pictures (the billboard screenshot seemed a bit too big). MechBrowman summed up a lot of the things I thought while reading the article, but I thought I'd share my opinions anyway:
 * The sections should be as follows: Lead Section, Synopsis, Themes, Cast, Film critics (renamed as Criticism), Awards and nominations, Influence (split Influence and Awards into two sections - see below), Versions, Soundtracks, and Literature, TV and games (renamed as Literature and games - see below), followed by See also, References, and External links.
 * The Synopsis section should have the actors' wikilinked names in parentheses after the first mention of their character in the text.
 * The Themes section needs expanding. This shouldn't be too difficult, since the main themes article is so long.
 * Closely related to the above, a cast list section should be created. Apart from Harrison Ford, I had absolutely no idea which actor played whom until I consulted the IMDb page.
 * In addition to the awards table, a list of award nominations the film received could be compiled (I believe it was nominated for a few Oscars, although I'm not sure about that). Then, the Awards and nominations section could be split off from the Influence section.
 * The Soundtrack section could do with some quotes from critics.
 * The Literature, TV and games section doesn't mention any television productions related to the film. If there aren't any, just rename it Literature and games.
 * "It has been widely hailed as a modern classic in league with 2001: A Space Odyssey and praised as being as influential among science fiction films as Metropolis." - by who?
 * "Deeley secured financing for the film from a range of sources (which later proved to be a problem)" - why?
 * On a more general, slightly less actionable criticism, the whole tone of the article seems a tad fannish and POV. There's a lot on what future films were influenced by Blade Runner and how it is thought of now, but I didn't really get a sense of the mixed reception the film supposedly received upon its release. That said, if not quite FA-worthy yet, this is by far one of the better film articles I've seen on Wikipedia. Good work to all those who have contributed to it. Extraordinary Machine 20:16, 14 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Wheew, I'll get to all this in a bit; re: "widely hailed", I think I got that from BFI modern classics. Thanks. - RoyBoy 800 00:53, 17 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Wow, great work. The article is now friendlier to the casual reader than the previous version. I'd recommend providing sources for the quotes from critics, though, and also integrating them into the text (and could you find out their names, if possible). Also, the Cast section now seems very POV... perhaps more critical quotes here would reduce the fannish tone (e.g. "Some Critic said Hauer was "powerful" in his role). But like I said, apart from that, great work. This is definitely on the road to becoming FA-quality. I also applaud you for keeping major spoilers confined to the Synopsis section. Extraordinary Machine 20:58, 18 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Understood, and much thanks. - RoyBoy 800 06:55, 19 July 2005 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


text:
Members of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly, 1999–2003

Members of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly who served in the 52nd parliament held their seats from 1999 to 2003. They were elected at the 2003 state election, and at by-elections. The Speaker was John Murray.


text:
Missouri Route 752

Route 752 is a short state highway in the city of Saint Joseph, in Buchanan County, Missouri. The route runs for 3.113 mi through the southern sections of Saint Joseph. The route begins at an intersection with U.S. Route 59 (US 59; Lake Avenue) and heads eastward as Alabama Street, East Hyde Park Avenue and Mason Road. The route crosses an interchange with Route 371 (South 22nd Street) about 2 mi in before ending at exit 1D of Interstate 229 (I-229), where eastbound Route 752 merges into the interstate's southbound lanes.

Route description
Route 752 begins at an intersection with US 59 and Supplemental Route U (Lake Avenue) in the city of Saint Joseph. The route progresses eastward as a divided boulevard known as Alabama Street through a long stretch of residences until the intersection with Carnegie Street, where the two rights-of-way merge back together. The surroundings remain the same as Route 752 continues, curving from the east to southeast after an intersection with King Hill Road (Supplemental Route V). At the intersection with East Hyde Park Avenue, the Alabama Street moniker ends and the name switches to East Hyde Park Avenue. On the southern side of the highway, the route remains residential, but businesses begin to form on the northern side as Route 752 intersects with Southwestern Parkway, which becomes two lanes at this intersection. The four lane alignment of East Hyde Park Avenue continues eastward until after the intersection with South 7th Street, where Route 752 turns along Mason Road and East Hyde Park Avenue heads southward as a two lane road near Hyde Park. Route 752 remains four lanes through Saint Joseph, until approaching an interchange with Route 371 (South 22nd Street), where the highway crosses over Route 371 as a two lane bridge. After the interchange, Route 752 bends northward as a two-lane highway with no name until approaching an interchange with I-229, where the eastbound alignment of Route 752 merges into the southbound alignment of I-229. This serves as the terminus of Route 752.

title: Missouri Route 752


text: User talk:83.109.137.231

title: User talk:83.109.137.231


text:
Missouri Route 376

Route 376 is a short highway in Branson, Missouri. Its southern terminus is at Route 265, and its northern terminus is at Route 76.

Route description
In the south, Route 376 begins at Route 265 and heads northeast as a four-lane highway. It proceeds uneventfully through generally rural land until curving towards the northwest. Entering a more developed area of Branson, the highway turns east and passes the Celebration City theme park. After a series of slight north–south curves, it turns left on to 76 Country Blvd. The Route then curves Northwest-Southeast past the Ruth & Paul Henning Conservation Area and the Shepherd of the Hills properties as a two-lane highway. The route ends at a junction with Route 76, at the south end of the Ozark Mountain Highroad. Past the junction at the Highroad, the road continues west as Route 76.

History
Route 376 was designated by 1996. Prior to January of 2020, the highway ended at 76 Country Boulevard, when the road was designated as Route 76. When 76 Country Boulevard east of current Route 376 was turned over to the City of Branson, Route 76 through Branson was rerouted on to the Ozark Mountain Highroad, bypassing the city.

title: Missouri Route 376


text:
Talk:Tu'i Malila

Correction
I would very much doubt that this named tortoise is in the family Cheloniinae. As most of the members are sea turtles. but i fixed the link to point to that subfamily anyway as i really don't know. sunja 01:38, 14 July 2005 (UTC)

Age at death

 * This particular tortoise was given to the royal family in either 1773 or 1777, the exact date is not known. It remained in the care of the Tongan royal family until its death by natural causes on 1965-05-19. This means that upon its death, Tu'i Malila was either 188 or 192 years old

The number of years given as the age of the animal at death is the difference between the year it died and the year it was offered as a gift by Cook -- not necessarily when it was born. Thus, unless it is known that it was born in that same year -- which then should be specified in the text -- the age-at-death given should be considered the minimum possible age it reached. --Cotoco 11:05, 16 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Thanks to user 70.110.204.93 for adding "at least". --Cotoco 19:58, 9 March 2006 (UTC)

Image
Congratulations on the picture, which is a classic; the bemused body language of the people as they contemplate the small aged lump on the ground speaks volumes about the monarchy, colonialism, tortoises, and the interactions thereof. -Ashley Pomeroy 15:14, 17 October 2005 (UTC)

Double page - making a redirect
I have just discovered another page on the same topic (created in February 2007), I am transforming it into a redirect, and leave this link towards a last version before redirecting. Nothing very useful seemingly - a non sourced assertion according to which the tortoise would have been blinded in 1918, if somebody wants to reuse it... French Tourist 21:20, 15 May 2007 (UTC)

Contradiction in dates
"c. 1777–May 19, 1966" (...) "death on 19 May, 1965"

Can anyone clear up the discrepancy? 83.132.98.135 01:16, 16 June 2007 (UTC)

Furthermore: Adwaita [...] I dont think we should have it in here.

Significance of opening passage in Androids Dream of Electric Sheep
Hello -

I'm fairly unfamiliar with what level of "significance" is needed to include an "In Fiction" section, and am on the fence with this: Philip K. Dick's famous novel "Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep", which is the basis of the even more famous movie "Bladerunner", opens with a brief epigraph quoting a 1966 Reuters new clip about Tu'i Malila's death. Does that make the grade ?

Doc ocelot (talk) 21:01, 22 April 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:Tu'i Malila


text:
Talk:Destroy All Humans! (2005 video game)

Trivia section
OK this is getting out of hand. The section is against the rules and it's very long... Should we delete it?--Megaman en m (talk) 06:15, 1 August 2008 (UTC)
 * Yes. Triva sections are non-important, and agaist the rules. It should be deleted.-- SWJS: The All Knowing Destroy All Humans! Nerd ( Cortex Scan )  01:00, 3 August 2008 (UTC)

 * I deleted the trivia section.--Megaman en m (talk) 01:03, 3 August 2008 (UTC)

sequel section
Does it really need it's own section?--Megaman en m (talk) 01:10, 3 August 2008 (UTC)
 * I don't see how it would hurt. -- SWJS: The All Knowing Destroy All Humans! Nerd ( Cortex Scan )  05:27, 3 August 2008 (UTC)
 * Can't it just be in the external links or something?--Megaman en m (talk) 09:06, 3 August 2008 (UTC)
 * Since this is the first game, a list of it's sequels would be helpful. Besides, external links are links outside of Wikipedia. The links to the Sequels are Wiki links. -- SWJS: The All Knowing Destroy All Humans! Nerd ( Cortex Scan )  01:45, 4 August 2008 (UTC)

Area 42
I havn't played the game myself, but the article mentions Area 42, with a link to Area 51. It has got me confused over which site the aliens destroyed with a nuclear bomb. Any help please?  A Prodigy   ~In Pursuit of Perfection ~ 15:48, 28 August 2008 (UTC)
 * Area 42 is Destroy All Humans! Version of Area 51, so in the game, Area 42 is destroyed. -- SWJS: The All Knowing Destroy All Humans! Nerd ( Cortex Scan )  21:03, 28 August 2008 (UTC)
 * Thanks.  A Prodigy   ~In Pursuit of Perfection ~ 10:39, 31 August 2008 (UTC)

Holographic Thingamabob?
Who put that rubbish on the article? There isn't any instance in the game that states that as the actually name for the holobob. It needs to be cited, or removed. -- SWJS: The All Knowing Destroy All Humans! Nerd ( Cortex Scan )  03:22, 15 September 2008 (UTC)

Suggestions for article cleanup
This article could use some general cleanup and re-organization. The information itself is fine, but we should probably present it in a semi-uniform way between all of the games. Since Path of the Furon is really looking good my thought is to follow that layout as close as possible, particularly taking section 1 The game and reorganizing all of it like PotF. I may put it in my sandbox and see what I can come up with as a starter then post a link here. --Teancum (talk) 16:04, 29 December 2008 (UTC)
 * I've updated the article in my sandbox, found here. Take a look and let me know what you all think. (I have a reference somewhere that list the game's plot as set in 1957, so I took out the screenshot setting the game in '57 since text references are generally better accepted) --Teancum (talk) 22:45, 29 December 2008 (UTC)
 * The improved article really is improved, I like it. I give it a thumbs up. The concept section should be kept though, or at least integrated into the article. -- SWJS: The All Knowing Destroy All Humans! Nerd ( Cortex Scan )  23:55, 29 December 2008 (UTC)
 * Done, I've renamed the section Concept, sequels and spinoffs and added it back in there. I've integrated the changes into the main page as well. --Teancum (talk) 03:56, 30 December 2008 (UTC)
 * Excellent. The new article structure looks great. We can skim it over for any possible errors, and then nominate it. -- SWJS: The All Knowing Destroy All Humans! Nerd ( Cortex Scan )  05:55, 30 December 2008 (UTC)

Requested move 13 January 2017
Destroy All Humans! → Destroy All Humans! (video game) – Series has more than 3 video game articles now per WP:NCVG, set this page to be the secondary article. Neverrainy (talk) 23:45, 12 January 2017 (UTC)
 * This is a contested technical request (permalink). Anthony Appleyard (talk) 05:33, 13 January 2017 (UTC)

 * And then move Destroy All Humans! (series) to Destroy All Humans!. (asked by User:Neverrainy) Anthony Appleyard (talk) 05:33, 13 January 2017 (UTC)
 * Probably needs some discussion. WP:NCVG indicates at least three video games (which it has) and an unrelated video game or media item.  This doesn't seem to fall under that. --  Dane  talk  00:21, 13 January 2017 (UTC)

Move discussion in progress
There is a move discussion in progress on Talk:Destroy All Humans! (series) which affects this page. Please participate on that page and not in this talk page section. Thank you. —RMCD bot 05:46, 13 January 2017 (UTC)

Move discussion in progress
There is a move discussion in progress on Talk:Destroy All Humans! which affects this page. Please participate on that page and not in this talk page section. Thank you. —RMCD bot 23:00, 21 January 2017 (UTC)

External links modified
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1959
The article claims that the game takes place in 1959 but i don't recall the game referencing this. Does anybody know if there are any references to when the game specifically takes place? Huntertheediter (talk) 18:28, 3 June 2023 (UTC)

 * The only source i could find claiming that the game takes place in 1959 is the fandom page for it that doesn't even explain why it takes place in 1959 so I'm removing it. Huntertheediter (talk) 04:48, 26 August 2023 (UTC)


text:
Talk:Pacific Air Forces

Requested move
U.S. Pacific Air Forces → Pacific Air Forces – Proper name of the USAF Major Command. --Pmsyyz 01:38, 14 July 2005 (UTC)
 * OPPOSE should call it USAF Pacific Air Forces 132.205.3.20 18:33, 18 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Support, assuming no other countries have "Pacific Air Forces", which seems likely given that no other country has the sort of extensive global military presence that would lead to needing to use regional names. FWIW "USAF Pacific Air Forces" gets even fewer hits than "U.S. Pacific Air Forces". Niteowlneils 00:37, 19 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Oppose. Gene Nygaard 09:34, 19 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Support, Should be called by name not by some erroneous name --EagleWSO 13:51, 25 May 2006 (UTC)
 * Support, Agree with EagleWSO. The actual name is Pacific Air Forces, and wouldn't be confused with any other "Pacific air forces."--61.34.55.133 00:59, 31 December 2006 (UTC)

It was requested that this article be renamed but there was no consensus for it to be moved. violet/riga (t) 14:01, 19 July 2005 (UTC)

Discussion

 * Do any other countries have Pacific Air Forces? Philip Baird Shearer 17:19, 16 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Not that I'm aware of. --Pmsyyz 19:55, 16 July 2005 (UTC)

Sure would like to see some historical data on the old "PACAF Special Security Flight" (aka The PACAF Honor Guard) which performed rifle drill on at least one of the old Bob Hope Christmas Specials, and which provided security for Presidential visits to Hickam, and for other visiting dignitaries such as the Shah of Iran, and Ferdinand Marcos of the Phillipines. 167.206.169.66 (talk) 15:03, 19 August 2010 (UTC)

"Responsibility"
Deleted the line: "( in United States' government terms - the countries in this area would mostly dispute any USA 'responsibility' in respect of their particular areas)". As far as the national interests and international commitments of the United States go in this region of the world, the Pacific and Indian Oceans are, indisputably within PACAF's "area of responsibility," and I'm not sure which "countries in this area" dispute that. 61.34.55.133 00:57, 31 December 2006 (UTC)

Adding the unreferenced templates
I have added the unreferenced template to a number of sections in this article. For such a large detailed article it needs inline citations. I note in the reference section it says "This article includes content from ..." Please see the articles Western Allied invasion of Germany and the Operation Matterhorn to see how the text that comes from a public domain work of the United States Government can be cited. --Philip Baird Shearer (talk) 17:53, 18 September 2008 (UTC)
 * Now that citations have been added :-) there is another problem :-( Any books that are cited need page numbers to be included in the in-line citations. --Philip Baird Shearer (talk) 13:47, 19 September 2008 (UTC)

2014-10 new commander
"Gen. Lori Robinson became the first woman to lead a U.S. Air Force Component Major Command when she succeeded Carlisle during the ceremony." http://www.af.mil/News/ArticleDisplay/tabid/223/Article/518657/robinson-takes-command-of-pacaf.aspx — MrDolomite • Talk 21:14, 17 October 2014 (UTC)

First RAAF Deputy Commander
Air Vice Marshal Carl Newman was appointed as the first RAAF Deputy Commander within the PCAF in 2022 and took up position WEF JAN 23. https://www.pacaf.af.mil/News/Article-Display/Article/3266375/breaking-barriers-first-australian-deputy-commander-arrives-at-pacaf/ Hawkeyebasil (talk) 07:57, 18 January 2023 (UTC)

 * ✅. KingEdinburgh (talk) 08:13, 18 January 2023 (UTC)
 * Yeha I had already done this and seperated the DCOM entry to read as DCOM - USAF / DCOM - RAAF but was changed by someone else
 * This is a major change and I feel the entry as I had this needs to be reinstated to show the significance Hawkeyebasil (talk) 12:43, 18 January 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Pacific Air Forces


text:
Chong Eng

Chong Eng (born on 6 July 1957), is a Malaysian politician who served as Member of the Penang State Executive Council (EXCO) in the Pakatan Harapan (PH) state administration under Chief Ministers Lim Guan Eng and Chow Kon Yeow and as Member of the Penang State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Padang Lalang from May 2018 to August 2023, Member of Parliament (MP) of for Bukit Mertajam from November 1999 to May 2013 and MLA of Penang for Batu Lancang from April 1995 to November 1999. She is the member, Women Chief and Deputy Secretary-General of the Democratic Action Party (DAP), a component party of the PH coalition. She also served as Women Chief of PH from March to September 2021. She is also Deputy Head for Women Parliamentary Caucus and sits as a Standing Order Committee member. She also served in the Women Crisis Center and Community AIDS Service Penang.

Family
She is married to Gunabalan Krishnasamy who is an artist. The couple have two sons, Jothi, who is assisting his mother in political endeavors and Omprekash who is now a 3-time Malaysia book of records breaking athlete, and artist for Koi Tribe, an international web3 magazine.

Personal life and education
She was born in a Chinese new village in Pahang from a family of 10 siblings. She started her primary education in the only Chinese primary school in the village. She was also the first girl from the village to pursue her study in a local university, namely Universiti Pertanian Malaysia (now Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM)). She eventually obtained her bachelor of Science degree in Human Development Studies from UPM. Now, she writes regularly in local Chinese dailies and have published three books.

Political career
Chong started her political career as a full-time research officer in 1990 with DAP Penang. Chong won the Batu Lanchang state constituency in 1995 Malaysian general election and became the first women to be elected into the Penang State Assembly. She was the sole opposition representative in the state assembly at that time. She subsequently were elected as Bukit Mertajam Member of Parliament in 1999, 2004 and 2008 general elections. She then contested and won the Penang state seat of Padang Lalang in 2013 and 2018 general elections. On 18 March 2021, she was appointed as Women Chief of the Pakatan Harapan (PH) opposition coalition.

Honours

 * Penang :
 * MY-PEN Order of the Defender of State - Commander - DGPN.svg Commander of the Order of the Defender of State (DGPN) – Dato' Seri (2023)

title: Chong Eng


text:
User:UsagiM/Genseiryu

This is the version of the article Genseiryu, the way it was on 14 July 2005, 01:19.

Genseiryu (玄制流) is a karate style with roots in Shuri-Te, one of the three original karate styles on Okinawa (a Japanese island). It was developed by Seiken Shukumine (1925-2001) who combined classic techniques with his own thus developing special characteristics of Genseiryu. Sensei Shukumine had two known teachers, Sadoyama and Kishimoto. The name of Genseiryu was first used in 1953. In Japanese the name consists of three different characters (Kanji):玄制流. The first one is Gen (玄) and has meanings like 'mysterious', 'occultness', 'universe' but also 'a subtle and deep truth', the second one is Sei (制) and translates into 'control', 'system', 'law' or 'rule' but also 'creating a form'. The last one is Ryu (流) which simply means 'style' or 'school'. The combination of Gensei (玄制) could be translated as 'to control the universe', but reading Japanese Kanji is not that simple. In this combination the meaning becomes something like "to pursue the deep truth and making it clear through the form", which can be regarded physically as well as spiritually.

History
Genseiryu has its roots in an old karate style called Shuri-Te. Some sources speak of Tomari-Te being the source, but the differences were minimal since both styles were derived from Shorin-Ryu. In the 1920s and 1930s there were three major karate styles on Okinawa. They were all named after the cities where they were develloped: Naha, Tomari and Shuri. These three styles (Naha-Te, Tomari-Te and Shuri-Te) are sometimes called more generally Okinawa-Te.

Sokon "Bushi" Matsumura (1809-1898) was one of the masters of Shuri-Te. He gave lessons to famous people such as Gichin Funakoshi (creator of Shotokan Karate) and Yasutsune (Anko) Itosu. A lesser known pupil was Bushi Takemura. He develloped a version of the kata (型) Kushanku that is still trained in Genseiryu today. One of sensei Takemura's pupils was Soko Kishimoto (1862-1945, some sources speak of 1868 as birthyear). He became the later teacher of Seiken Shukumine.

The young Seiken Shukumine, born 9 December 1925 in Nago-shi on the Japanese island Okinawa, started at age 8 with karate lessons from Anko Sadoyama, a grandmaster in Koryu Karate ("Old style/school Chinese techniques"). He trained him for four years. When Shukumine was about 14 years old, he was accepted by sensei Soko Kishimoto. Kishimoto was very selective, he had only nine kōhai (=pupils/students) throughout his life and also Seiken Shukumine had to insist many times, before Kishimoto decided to teach the young man. The last two students of Kishimoto actually were Seiken Shukumine and Seitoku Higa (born 1920).

During the Second World War the 18 year old Shukumine was drafted into the navy and had to join the Japanese Kamikaze Corps where he became a "kaiten" pilot, a one man submarine or more a manned torpedo, used as kamikaze (suicide attack) against American warships. Seiken Shukumine was trained to guide this small craft through the protective maze of steel netting that was layed down in the water around the ships, to prevent them from being attacked by these kaiten. He thought in a martial art way to manoeuvre between these steel nettings and he tried to think of techniques to avoid enemy torpedoes. He learned that he had to work hard to penetrate the enemy’s defences, and the imagination of the martial artist in him saw how such an approach could be adapted to traditional karate to make for a more supple and dynamic form of combat.

Fortunately Shukumine was never appointed for a suicide attack and he survived the war. But when he came back home he found Okinawa demolished by the bombings and his master Sensei Soko Kishomoto was killed during the Battle of Okinawa in 1945. Shukumine retreated in solitude for a couple of years and started to develop his karate style with in the back of his head his training as a kaiten pilot. He combined his new techniques with the classique techniques he had learned from his masters Sadoyama and Kishimoto, thus developing special characteristics of Genseiryu.

In 1949 in the town of Ito (Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan) Seiken Shukumine demonstrated publicly his karate techniques for the first time. In October of 1950 Seiken Shukumine participated in a karate exhibition arranged by Nippon TV. In this demonstration also participated other masters like Hidetaka Nishiyama (of the Japan Karate Association, JKA), Yasuhiro Konishi (Ryobukai) Ryusho Sakagami (Itosukai), H. Kenjo (Kenshukai), Kanki Izumikawa and Shikan Akamine (both of Goju-ryu). Shukumine demonstrated a.o. the kata Koshokun dai, Tameshiwari (=breaking technique, in this case Shukumine broke 34 roof tiles with shuto, the edge of the open hand) and Hachidan-tobi-geri (jumping kick with 8 kicks in one jump). In the same year Shukumine creates Sansai no kata, a masterpiece of Genseiryu Karate.

In 1953 sensei Shukumine started to give lessons on the Tachikawa military base to the Self Defense Forces and for the next 10 years he gave lessons at many dojos (like at universities and corporate groups) around the Tokyo area. One of his first students was Kunihiko Tosa (born 1932). Kunihiko Tosa met sensei Shukumine the year before, 1952, at the Self Defence Forces just after a high jump competition. It was in 1953, that sensei Shukumine officially announced his techniques were Genseiryu, but the year 1950 is seen as the beginning of Genseiryu.

From 1953 onwards while instructing and experimenting at many dojos around the Tokyo area, he formulated the basic principles necessary to establish a new martial art. This new martial art was introduced in 1962. It is a further development of Genseiryu which he named Taido. Taido is not to be regarded as Karate, but as a new martial art. From that point on, Sensei Shukumine was mainly involved with Taido and many of his pupils started to train Taido as well. However, Taido people have always kept a friendly relationship with Genseiryu people and sensei Shukumine was occasionally involved in Genseiryu Karate. For example he wrote books about Genseiryu (1964 and mid 1970s) and occasionally gave lessons to high rank Genseiryu instructors. But his main activity until his death in 2001 was Taido.

In 1964 sensei Shukumine published his book Shin Karatedo Kyohan in which he describes the techniques, which are being used in Genseiryu Karate. In the book he also describes the Genseiryu kata, some of them are thoroughly explained, together with pictures. These are:

 * Ten-i no Kata
 * Chi-i no Kata
 * Jin-i no Kata
 * Sansai
 * Naihanchi (Naifanchi)
 * Bassai-Dai
 * Koshokun-Dai

There are many more kata mentioned in this book (however without pictures), a total of about 44 kata, including Taikyoku-Shodan, Tensho-no-Kata, Wankan, etc. In the book he mentions the name Genseiryu a a few times, but mainly he uses the word Koryu (古流), which is translated into 'old style/school'.

From the 1960s Genseiryu started to spread also outside Japan, to countries like the USA, Spain, Finland, Holland, Denmark, Australia, Brasil, India, etc.

In the mid 1970s, Sensei Shukumine wrote another book which is much lesser known in the karate world as his first one. The title of this book is (translated into English) "The Karate training by complete drawing" and has about 200 pages where he describes Genseiryu karate techniques but also the differences between Karate and Judo, Karate and Aikido, Karate and Taido, etc.

In 1988 Sensei Shukumine publishes another book, this time about Taido. In this book "Taido gairon" he describes the basic principles and techniques of Taido. Also he mentions that his first book "Shin Karatedo Kyohan" was written for Genseiryu followers who will continue to train Genseiryu.

On 26 November 2001 Sensei Seiken Shukumine died of cardiac arrest, after a long sickbed. He was 75 years old.

Characteristics of Genseiryu
Sensei Shukumine was also known as a philosopher and during the war he learned that to do something unanticipated or unexpected is the secret to victory, even in a war between two nations or in a mere personal conflict. In other words: the basic philosophy of Genseiryu pursues this idea which is that how to do unexpected things.

Shukumine studied long on this idea to apply this not only to life but also to Genseiryu Karate and it's kata. Eventually he created the basic theory "Se, Un, Hen, Nen and Ten". These are the basic principles that make of Genseiryu a three-dimensional karate style:
 * Se (whirlwind): vertical circular movement of the body axis (rotating, turning);
 * Un (waves): elegant up and down movement in the directions of front and back;
 * Hen (clouds): falling movement in front and back, right and left by your own will;
 * Nen (maelstrom, whirlpool): twisted hand and arm techniques, mainly executed on the spot;
 * Ten (luminous): a technique in an unexpected situation created by front turn, back turn and side turn.

It is "Sansai no Kata" that is known widely as a typical kata of Genseiryu with lots of these techniques. Other genuine techniques for Genseiryu are for example the kicks Ebi-geri (back kick with both hands on the ground and the face close to the ground) and Manji-geri (side kick (mawashi-geri) with head close to the ground and both hands on the ground). Both kicks belong to the so called Shajo-geri group (leaning body) and are also trained in Taido. Besides kata, Genseiryu also practises Shihō (some other styles do too, but not all of them). Shihō (四方) translates into 'four directions' and comprises excercises in which a combination of techniques is repeated several times in four different directions (front, back, right and left).

Split-up of Genseiryu styles
Throughout the years, many masters that learned Genseiryu started to make minor changes to the style. Some changed it a little more than others, thus creating new schools with names like Butokukai, Genwakai, Ryounkai, Keneikai and Seidokai. These are all schools that in fact used to train Genseiryu Karate. In the beginning, they were not yet big associations, but merely a couple of schools that trained Genseiryu and they used the name of their school as additional term, so you would get: Genseiryu Ryounkai, Genseiryu Seidokai, Genseiryu Butokukai, etc. However every organization has gone it's own way, some have even grown to quit big organizations and some of these have adapted the old school name for their style and organization, like Ryounkai and Genwakai. To a certain extent they have changed the techniques and/or kata. The style of Genwakai has done this to a further extent then the other styles. But with the exception of Butokukai all these organizations train the kata Ten-I, Chi-I and Jin-I-no-kata as the basic kata to prepare for the kata Sansai. The style Butokukai has rejected these kata and replaced them with the Heians from Shotokan.

Since the death of Sensei Shukumine there are two organizations that claim the name Genseiryu, both with their own story and reasons why they should have the right to carry the name.

Genseiryu according "Shin Karatedo Kyohan"
When Genseiryu started to spread over Japan and soon also over the world, a Genseiryu Headquarters was established in Ito, hometown of Sensei Shukumine. Since Sensei Shukumine was to busy with Taido, he could not run this World Genseiryu organization himself. So he appointed a Head Instructor to do this for him. The first one was sensei Yamada. When he died, Sensei Shukumine appointed sensei Saito as the new Head Instructor. After his death sensei Yasunori Kanai took over his job. This Japanese Genseiryu organization is indirectly (via Nippon Karatedo Rengoukai) a member of the Japan Karatedo Federation (JKF). Today all the Genseiryu clubs in the world that honour sensei Shukumine by following his style are combined in a federation called the World Genseiryu Karatedo Federation (W.G.K.F.). Japanese Genseiryu also takes a part of this federation. Members of this organization signed an agreement that a.o. states that they will always follow the first book of Sensei Shukumine "Shin Karatedo Kyohan" and therefore they also still train the basic kata Ten-i, Chi-i and Jin-i no kata as preparation for the kata Sansai.

Sensei Tosa's organization: Genseiryu Butokukai
One particular master, Kunihiko Tosa, a former student of sensei Shukumine, continued to train Genseiryu Karate-do. In 1962 he started propagation of Genseiryu and established Nippon Genseiryu Karate-do Butokukai on the occasion that his master Iwamine started Japan Taido. The name Genseiryu Karate-do International Federation (G.K.I.F.) is used for the overseas branches. Sensei Tosa became the head of this organization in 1971. Tosa Sensei had written a book, called "Genseiryu Karatedo Kyohan 2", which contains 9 advanced kata. In total Genseiryu Karate-do have 23 kata. The style of sensei Tosa rejects the basic kata Ten-i, Chi-i and Jin-i no kata and replaced them with the basic kata (Heians) from Shotokan.

External links to traditional Genseiryu sites
'' Note : This part was NOT in the mentioned article. Added here later for reference!''

 * Genseiryu Karatedo Japan (玄制流空手道) (Official Genseiryu site, only in Japanese but worth a visit for the nice pictures: click links below left and middle!)
 * http://www.genseiryu.nl: Dutch Genseiryu Portal (Official site of Genseiryu Karatedo Netherlands)
 * Genseiryu Karate (Official Dutch Genseiryu Karate site with many nice pictures (like from 55 years Genseiryu celebration)

World Genseiryu Karatedo Federation

Genseiryu

title: User:UsagiM/Genseiryu


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Talk:Strongly inaccessible cardinal

Rename or merge
By default, "inaccessible" means "strongly inaccessible". This page should be moved to "Inaccessible cardinal", and the latter should be moved to "Weakly inaccessible cardinal". Or better, the two pages should be merged. --Trovatore 01:42, 14 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Yes, one inaccessible cardinal page is enough. Charles Matthews 08:25, 14 July 2005 (UTC)

 * I don't think so. The two concepts are not the same, thus they should both have their own articles. Moving this page to Inaccessible cardinal and renaming that one to Weakly inaccessible cardinal is fine with me, though. -- Schnee (cheeks clone) 22:53, 15 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Actually, I merged them boldly a couple days ago; Weakly inaccessible cardinal and Strongly inaccessible cardinal are now both redirects to Inaccessible cardinal. Nothing that can't be undone of course.  But I'd urge against it strongly, for the following reasons:
 * The definitions of the concepts are closely analogous, differing only in "limit" versus "strong limit". "Weakly inaccessible" is a sort of lightface analogue of "inaccessible".
 * The properties occupy exactly the same rung of the consistency-strength ladder. In fact, for any ordinal α, there's a transitive model with α inaccessibles if and only if there's one with α weak inaccessibles, and the proof is trivial:  Cut down to the L of the model, and the weak inaccessibles become strong.
 * Of course there's a lot more to large cardinals in general than their consistency strength, but in the case of weak inaccessibles, what else is there? The only thing I can really think of to say about them is that it's consistent that the cardinality of the continuum is weakly inaccessible, which would imply that it's a fixed point of the ℵ function in a strong way--but that note would fit nicely in the current article, or in the continuum hypothesis article.--Trovatore 00:24, 16 July 2005 (UTC)

By the way, the merged article still has one clear flaw (not counting possible expansions that haven't been done): The paragraph that says you can't prove weak inaccessibles exist in ZFC, and the one that says the same thing for strong inaccessibles, should really be merged somehow, especially in light of the equiconsistency fact I noted above.--Trovatore 00:27, 16 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Mmmm - you guys should have some mercy. I think the merge is fine. I would suggest quite a substantial expansion. The large cardinals pages tend to suffer from lack of motivation and history (which can always help); and from relentless technical density. Charles Matthews 08:44, 16 July 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Strongly inaccessible cardinal


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Matia Chowdhury

Matia Chowdhury (born 30 June 1942) is a Bangladeshi politician serving as the incumbent Deputy Leader of the House, and the incumbent Member of Parliament from Sherpur-2. She was the Minister of Agriculture under the first, second and third premiership of Sheikh Hasina, from 1996 to 2001 and then again on 2009 to 2019 during the previous tenures of Bangladesh Awami League in power. She is known as a veteran politician from the Awami League, and currently a presidium member of the party.

Early life and education
Chowdhury was born on 30 June 1942 at Nazirpur of Pirojpur District. Her father, Mohiuddin Ahmed Chowdhury, was a police officer. She passed HSC from Dhaka Eden College. She later graduated from University of Dhaka.

Political career
Chowdhury started her political career from her student life. She actively participated in the movement against the Ayub regime and the movement against the Education Commission of 1962. She was elected the Vice-President of Dhaka Eden Girls College Students’ Union in 1963 and the General Secretary of Dhaka University Central Students' Union (DUCSU) in 1964–65. Chowdhury is well known in South Asia for her fiery speeches and her adamant attitude, qualities that have earned her the nickname of Ogni Konna or Girl of Fire. Although she started her political career with the left-wing National Awami Party, she is now one of the most senior leaders of the Awami League. She was the president of the then East Pakistan Students’ Union in 1965–66. Between 1967 and 1969 time and again she was organizing anti Ayub movement and was detained in jail for about 2 years. She was released from jail during the mass upsurge of 1969.

Personal life
Chowdhury was married to Bazlur Rahman, editor of The Sangbad, one of the oldest Bengali-language dailies still in circulation, who died on 26 February 2008.

title: Matia Chowdhury


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Talk:Nellie Cornish

Vote for Deletion
This article survived a Vote for Deletion. It was requested that the article be expanded, however. The discussion can be found here. -Splash 01:43, 14 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Nope, the link can't be found there. I'd like to hear the reasoning. 67.169.127.166 (talk) 14:32, 30 April 2008 (UTC)

Edit request - add info
Greg Henderson (talk) 16:33, 21 March 2024 (UTC)
 * Under life and Work section, please add after this setence: "She returned to Seattle, where she founded the Cornish School in 1914."
 * Add the following text with citation:
 * "In 1918, Cornish invited poet Maurice Browne and actress Ellen Van Volkenburg to found a theater department at her school. The Brownes were founders of the Chicago Little Theatre, which they closed in 1917. The department, with its incorporation of scenic design, music, and dance in its productions, became central to Cornish's plans to ally the arts.
 * Greghenderson2006: Do you have a independent source for this? Jeraxmoira🐉 (talk) 19:59, 25 March 2024 (UTC)
 * ✅ — Antrotherkus Talk to me! 20:47, 25 March 2024 (UTC)
 * Please replace 2nd source stiked out with this as an indenpendent source.

Greg Henderson (talk) 20:18, 25 March 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Nellie Cornish


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Richard Hely-Hutchinson, 4th Earl of Donoughmore

Richard John Hely-Hutchinson, 4th Earl of Donoughmore PC FRS (4 April 1823 – 22 February 1866), styled Viscount Suirdale between 1832 and 1851, was a British Conservative politician.

Background
Donoughmore was the son of John Hely-Hutchinson, 3rd Earl of Donoughmore, and the Hon. Margaret, daughter of Luke Gardiner, 1st Viscount Mountjoy.

Political career
Donoughmore was appointed High Sheriff of Tipperary for 1847.

He entered the House of Lords on the death of his father in 1851. He held office as Vice-President of the Board of Trade and Paymaster General in Lord Derby's second government, and was promoted to the actual presidency of the Board of Trade in February 1859 on the resignation of J. W. Henley over the abortive 1859 Reform Bill. He remained in this post until the government fell in June of the same year. In 1858 he was admitted to the Privy Council.

In 1865 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society.

Family
Lord Donoughmore married Thomasina Jocelyn, daughter of Walter Steele, in 1847. Their fifth son the Hon. Sir Walter Hely-Hutchinson was a diplomat. Donoughmore died in February 1866, aged 42, and was succeeded in the earldom by his eldest son, John. The Countess of Donoughmore died in May 1890.

Colonel Lewis Vivian Loyd was married on 14 August 1879 to Lady Mary Sophia Hely Hutchinson (1854–1936), daughter of the 4th Earl of Donoughmore, a writer and translator with whom he had three children: two sons and a daughter.

Freemasonry
He was Intitated in Lodge No.12, in Ireland and was Senior Grand Warden of the Grand Lodge of Ireland for 1846.. He was made an Honorary Member of Lodge Holyrood House (St Luke's), No.44, on 7 January 1846.


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Talk:Burr puzzle

Are the pictures reversed?
Most Burr Puzzle discussion I've seen has defined the solution as taking apart the puzzle, not putting it together. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 155.212.27.134 (talk • contribs).
 * Probably because taking it apart is easier than putting it together, and if you know one, the other is just the reverse. --ssd (talk) 13:04, 29 October 2014 (UTC)

origin
how about the origin of the puzzle? Xah Lee 12:08, 23 October 2005 (UTC)

two-piece knot
I made a puzzle called the two-piece knot. is it a burr or is it "knot"? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 99.185.3.0 (talk) 23:16, 27 October 2013 (UTC)

Edakoodam
This is Edakoodam. It is in Kerala before 16th century. So This page must be redirected to That page. --Ranjithsiji (talk) 11:43, 17 April 2017 (UTC)

 * Not per WP:COMMONNAME. ( Hohum  @ ) 16:23, 17 April 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Burr puzzle


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Jizzy Pearl

James Wilkinson (born March 17, 1958), better known professionally as Jizzy Pearl, is an American singer and songwriter. He first fronted the band Data Clan, which eventually became Love/Hate. Pearl has also sung for L.A. Guns, Ratt, Adler's Appetite, Quiet Riot and other, lesser known acts.

Pearl is known for, in the words of KNAC.com, his "gritty-sounding blues-influenced" vocals.

Biography
In the late 1980s, Pearl sang for Love/Hate, which achieved notoriety for performances as the house band at the Whisky a Go Go in Hollywood. The group subsequently signed to Columbia Records.

In early 2007, Pearl announced he would reunite with Love/Hate after ten years, on February 24, 2007, at Club Vodka in Hollywood, California, to perform their classic record Blackout in the Red Room in its entirety.

In 2013, Pearl joined Quiet Riot, replacing then vocalist Scott Vokoun. The band decided to record a new album with Pearl that they set for release in early 2014.

That effort became Quiet Riot 10 (also alternatively known as just 10), which was the twelfth studio album by the heavy metal band and featured a mix of songs with Pearl as well as live tracks with founder vocalist Kevin DuBrow. The album came out on June 27, 2014. It has received mixed to positive reviews from publications such as KNAC.com and Music Enthusiast Magazine.

Pearl quit Quiet Riot at the end of 2016 to focus on his solo work, and was replaced by Seann Nichols, who was subsequently replaced by James Durbin in March 2017. Durbin quit in September 2019, and Pearl re-joined. He continues to front Quiet Riot as of 2023.

title: Jizzy Pearl


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Missouri Route 371

Route 371 is a highway in western Missouri. Its southern terminus is at Route 273 north of Tracy. Its northern terminus is at Route 752 in St. Joseph. It is a former alignment of U.S. Route 71 (US 71).

Route description
Route 371 is a highway that begins in St. Joseph, Missouri and ends in Tracy, north of Platte City. It begins at an intersection with Route 752. After this point, the highway stays mostly parallel and relatively close to I-29/US 71 It then intersects with Route H and shortly after Route DD. Northwest of Dearborn, it intersects with Route 116. Shortly after, it intersects with another Route H. Route H follows along the path of route 371 until after it reaches a town called New Market. Further south it intersects with Route U. It then intersects with Route 273 and shortly after ends at an interchange with I-29/US 71.

History
Previously, the route started farther north at Business Route I-29, before travelling southward past an interchange with Interstate 229, before reaching the interchange with Route 752.

title: Missouri Route 371


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Space Sciences Laboratory

The Space Sciences Laboratory (SSL) is an Organized Research Unit (ORU) of the University of California, Berkeley. Founded in 1959, the laboratory is located in the Berkeley Hills above the university campus. It has developed and continues to develop many projects in the space sciences, including the search for extraterrestrial life (SETI@home). The laboratory have built instruments to fly on more than 100 satellites and flown more than 150 balloons to "measure electric fields, auroral x-rays, hard x-rays and gamma rays, cosmic rays and the cosmic microwave background." The lab has also built and flown two dozen rockets to measure "auroral particles, UV emissions, and solar flare nuclei." It currently has projects categorized into planetary projects, geospace projects, solar and heliophysics projects, astrophysics and exoplanets projects, which are accompanied by a missions operations system, an engineering division and an information lab.

History
The Space Sciences Laboratory (SSL) at Berkeley, California was initiated in 1958 by a committee of faculty members who recognized that emerging rocket and satellite technology opened up new investigative realms for the physical, biological, and engineering sciences. The committee, chaired first by Professor Otto Struve of the Department of Astronomy and subsequently by Professor Edward Teller of the Department of Physics and the Lawrence Radiation Laboratory, explored with faculty members the opportunities associated with space research as well as the impact of rapidly escalating national space exploration programs (i.e. NASA) on graduate study and research. The committee proposed the formation of a Space Sciences Laboratory which, as a campus-wide multidisciplinary organization, would serve to integrate the space sciences on campus and stimulate new faculty-student research programs. The Regents, acting on the recommendation of Chancellor Glenn T. Seaborg and President Clark Kerr, authorized the formation of the Laboratory in 1959.

The Laboratory began its operations in January 1960 with the appointment of its first director, Professor Samuel Silver. Starting life in a corner of the old Leuschner Observatory on the main campus, the active interest of faculty members in the space sciences led to a rapid deployment of the physical and biological research programs. The modest quarters were soon inadequate for the group of research associates and graduate students. An especially large project on space physiology initiated by Professors Hardin B. Jones and Cornelius A. Tobias required much more space than available on campus, forcing the Laboratory to move to the Ford Assembly Building in Richmond, California, a property acquired by the University several years earlier.

The space physics program directed by Professor Kinsey A. Anderson and involving experiments carried by balloons, rockets, and satellites quickly outgrew its quarters requiring a move off campus as well. The Laboratory rented a store at 2119 University Avenue, just west of the University, and converted it into a figurative beehive of research activities. At the peak of its use, the "Market" (or the "Shoe Store") as this facility was known, housed electronic shops, the machine shop, the data processing equipment, environmental test equipment, and research projects on the Moon and the planets, the interplanetary medium, and the upper atmosphere of the Earth. Also housed here were social scientists who were studying the physical scientists and the problems of organization and administration of research.

The NASA Facilities Grant precipitated the construction of SSL's original buildings. The growth of multiple programs represented the fulfillment of one of the laboratory's goals, namely to stimulate faculty and student participation in space research. But the second major objective, that of developing the multidisciplinary substance and unique character of space research, could not be realized in a physically fragmented laboratory. With the construction of the new buildings, that goal was finally achieved. The building grant was awarded by the NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) in 1962 and the building dedicated on 27 October 1966.

Governance
The Space Sciences Laboratory is an Organized Research Unit (ORU) of the University of California, Berkeley. It is led by Berkeley faculty and Senior Fellows at the laboratory, and reports its activities to the Vice Chancellor for Research of UC Berkeley.

Funding
In its early years, the NASA followed the policy of funding university research on an individual project basis. It was not until 1961, when James E. Webb became the Administrator of NASA, that the agency formulated a broad and far-reaching program of space research and exploration. The Office of Grants and Research Contracts instituted two programs: the Sustaining Grant Program and the Facilities Program. The Berkeley campus was one of the first universities to receive grants under these two programs.

The Sustaining Grant, which provided the Space Sciences Laboratory with a core of funds for interdisciplinary research in the physical, biological, engineering, and social sciences, gave the Laboratory a foundation on which to build faculty programs and to generate new areas of graduate training through research. The grant was invaluable in developing the space sciences program on the Berkeley campus.

Building and location

The Laboratory is located in a wooded site in the Berkeley Hills. The building is directly adjacent to the Mathematical Sciences Research Institute and slightly above the Lawrence Hall of Science. The architects designed the building to fit the setting with a view of the natural surroundings.

Research projects
SSL developed and maintains the SETI@home project which pioneered the application of distributed computing to the space sciences. It created the related projects Stardust@home and Berkeley Open Infrastructure for Network Computing (BOINC). It is home to the Space Physics Research Group, which does plasma physics research.

It has developed many satellite missions and serves as a ground station for those missions. Some of the satellites it has developed are:

 * Reuven Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager (RHESSI) satellite
 * THEMIS|Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms (THEMIS) satellite constellation
 * Fast Auroral Snapshot Explorer (FAST) satellite
 * Cosmic Hot Interstellar Plasma Spectrometer (CHIPS) satellite
 * Extreme Ultraviolet Explorer (EUVE) satellite
 * Infrared Spatial Interferometer (ISI)
 * Ionospheric Connection Explorer (ICON) satellite

It does science education outreach via the Center for Science Education (CSE).

title: Space Sciences Laboratory


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Marine Day

Marine Day (海の日), also known as "Ocean Day" or "Sea Day", is a public holiday in Japan usually celebrated on the third Monday in July. The purpose of the holiday is to give thanks for the ocean's bounty and to consider the importance of the ocean to Japan as a maritime nation.

Many people take advantage of the holiday and summer weather to take a beach trip. Other ocean-related festivities are observed as well. The date roughly coincides with the end of the rainy season (梅雨 tsuyu) in much of the Japanese mainland.

In 2020, the holiday was observed on Thursday, July 23, a one-time move that was made as a special accommodation to support the opening of the Tokyo Olympics. Due to the postponement of the Olympics, the 2021 date was moved to July 22, also on Thursday as a one-time holiday.

History
The day was known as Marine Memorial Day (海の記念日) until 1996. Communications Minister Shōzō Murata designated the day in 1941 to commemorate the Meiji Emperor and his 1876 voyage in the Meiji Maru, an iron steamship constructed in Scotland in 1874. The voyage included a trip around the Tōhoku region, embarking on a lighthouse boat in Aomori, and a brief stop in Hakodate before returning to Yokohama on July 20 of that year. However, it was not designated a national holiday until 1995, when it became the first holiday in the summer months.

First observed on July 20, 1996, the Happy Monday System legislation moved the date to the third Monday of July beginning in 2003.

As special arrangement for the 2020 Summer Olympics, the 2020 date for Marine Day was moved to July 23. With the Olympics and Paralympics postponed until 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the government left this change in place for 2020 and passed an amendment to the Olympic and Paralympic Special Measures Act to make a corresponding change to the holiday in 2021.

Celebration
On this day, families may visit beaches such as Isshiki Beach in Hayama and swim, snorkel, surf, or dive. People may also participate in an event called 'mud-ball throwing'. National aquariums also host special water-related events on this day.

title: Marine Day


text:
Talk:Cumbia villera

Cuarteto
""Notably, chamamé from Corrientes was cross-pollinated with Brazilian and Andean rhythms and cuartetazo from Córdoba.""

I removed this because it has nothing to do with the cumbia villera style but with the cuarteto. It should be added in that article.

 * You are wrong IMHO. Cuarteto did not develop in the Greater Buenos Aires area. The cumbia move in the GBA came out of the bailantas, which were not called that in the 1970s (back then, the term was only used for chamame events). Cumbia became important in the GBA after most live acts in the cheaper halls were cumbia acts, and they made everybody dance. I mean Constitucion, Once, the Paraguayan dancehalls, Avellaneda, etc. For those who attended upscale parties in Olivos or Ramos Mejia the story is kinda different (there was disco, then there was the Abuelos/Soda/Pericos era, only then people started tuning in to bailantas). Anyway, I am waiting before restoring... let's hear arguments. elpincha 12:40, 19 August 2006 (UTC)

Very interesting; suggestions
I like this article! I would have had no idea how to write this myself, and the topic is fascinating. I've edited a few things (for example, mentioning that this genre is not exclusive of the Greater Buenos Aires — unfortunately we have it over here in Rosario, too :-). Villa miseria deserves an article too, BTW, and maybe bailanta... Also, some lyrics would be very illustrative. --Pablo D. Flores 01:47, 14 July 2005 (UTC)

 * What is the best translation of Damas Gratis?? Also — for lyrics, just follow the links or go to Google... elpincha 04:27, 14 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Well, I think the original phrase means "Ladies don't need to pay entrance fee". Now, the ambiguity of the phrase in spanish is obvious, but I don't know how to translate it keeping the duality.
 * Lyrics: Pibes Chorros, Yerba Brava, Damas Gratis. It would be good to choose the biggest hit among them, any ideas? "Llegamo' Los Pibes Chorros" might be the one. (BTW, I want to see you translating things such as "al primero que se haga el ortiba por pancho y careta le vamos a dar.") -Mariano 08:17, July 14, 2005 (UTC)

 * I changed the translation of "Damas Gratis" because I don't think the duality is intended in the Spanish original, while "Ladies for Free" sounds (to me) less dual and more tending toward the other meaning.

 * I have no intention of translating the lyrics word for word. :) I wouldn't know how to begin. I'll look for the parts of the lyrics that refer to the themes mentioned in the article (crime and drugs, to which I would add classist self-affirmation — if that's good English; I hope you understand the meaning). --Pablo D. Flores 13:30, 14 July 2005 (UTC)

Peruvian and Bolivian cumbia
Not necessarily cheap and synths!! Los Mirlos from Peru had a rockin' electric guitar sound, and some Bolivian bands used horns in a very effective way... Synth was used by "filler" bands that get airplay but don't tour as much (aguante Los Mirlos: the South Cone cumbia scene was basically created by them)

 * I also thought that comment had a slightly derisive tone... I mean, it sounds derisive without a source to confirm it. Basically like saying "cumbia was turned into cheap electronic music by the Peruvians and Bolivians". Feel free to edit or delete if you can't elaborate on that. If you find a source, mention it in the article (some material might be better placed at cumbia). --Pablo D. Flores 10:25, 18 July 2005 (UTC)

 * One day I'll let loose some firsthand info on Peruvian cumbia bands touring Argentina in the 1980s (*I was there*, that's how old I am). By 1986 I was sure they would get huge worldwide... somebody got the same idea and copyrighted 900 songs—and that's why we got lambada instead, which is something like Brazilian cumbia.elpincha 12:26, 18 July 2005 (UTC)

Untrue information
"The villeros are immediately recognizable by their long hair". Huh? They usually use very short hair and, almost always, a cap. —190.16.253.125 21:48, 8 February 2007 (UTC)

Pronunciation
I am from Argentina and I don't agree with that pronunciation ˈkumbja βiˈʃeɾa". The sound ʃ, your "sh", doesn't exist in Spanish. It would be ˈkumbja βiˈʒeɾa. I know that some people pronunce ʃ, but it's wrong. I'm sorry for my bad English. --Greek2 (talk) 05:49, 8 March 2008 (UTC)

Due the absence of answer, I change it. --Greek2 (talk) 18:44, 9 March 2008 (UTC)

 * What happened, it's showing non-Argentine pronunciation?Domsta333 (talk) 11:02, 20 July 2011 (UTC)

 * I'm also from Argentina and I pronounce it 'sh'. 'ʃ' is an accepted and common pronunciation of 'll' or 'y'. If anything, it would be 'j'. Regardless, I have changed it so that ALL pronunciations are represented, including the traditional Spanish pronunciation which would be represented by the consonant 'j'. I think it's highly incorrect so say that 'ʃ' is wrong, when it's a pervasive and HIGHLY common way of pronouncing that consonant. Seiraryu (talk) 00:59, 19 August 2011 (UTC)

External links modified
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title: Talk:Cumbia villera


text: Talk:Plate-and-ring puzzle

title: Talk:Plate-and-ring puzzle


text:
Chris Gore

Christopher Patrick Gore (born September 5, 1965) is an American speaker and writer on the topic of independent film. He founded, edited and wrote for Film Threat magazine and website and other film sites. He was producer, writer or host for several TV series, such as Attack of the Show. He created several films and shorts like My Big Fat Independent Movie. He authored several books on filmmaking.

Early life
Gore was born in Big Rapids, Michigan and attended Kimball High School in Royal Oak, Michigan.

Gore was a film student at Detroit's Wayne State University, but he dropped out after starting Film Threat.

Career
Gore is the head writer and the founder of Film Threat magazine, a project covering independent and underground film which he started in 1985.

Early in his career, he had created several short films as Christian Gore: Betaville, Doorman, Red, and Ouch!. He also made an hour-long docudrama, Cool Teenager from the Planet X. He sold some of these through Film Threat Video.

Gore became the Editor in Chief of the newly renamed magazine VideoGames - The Ultimate Gaming Magazine, starting with the September 1993 issue until the December 1996 issue. During this time, he also made his first television appearances on the Jones Computer Network, the network television precursor to ZDTV, as an editorialist and commentator on the state of video games and society.

Gore was a recurring host on the G4 television program Attack of the Show for the DVDuesday segment, reviewing DVDs. He had also done a film-related segment on the weekly FX series The X Show. He was also the host and moderator of The New Movie Show with Chris Gore, also on FX, in 2000, where a panel mixed between critics and celebrity guests reviewed movies. G4 then based a recurring gag in an August 2010 episode of Attack of the Show on the murder of Chris Gore, bringing up three potential murderers each - furthering the idea that his movies are horrible and that everyone wanted to kill him.

Gore co-wrote and produced the independent parody film My Big Fat Independent Movie, a comedy spoof of other indie films featuring Pauly Shore. His books include The 50 Greatest Movies Never Made, The Ultimate Film Festival Survival Guide and The Complete DVD Book: Designing, Producing and Marketing Your Independent Film on DVD. Gore also co-created Sci-Fi Universe magazine and created the now-defunct Wild Cartoon Kingdom magazine. The latter was used by John Kricfalusi under the pen name "Thomas Paine" to anonymously criticize Nickelodeon following his September 1992 firing from The Ren & Stimpy Show. In 2004, he hosted the game show Ultimate Film Fanatic.

In 2016, Gore was interviewed in the Star Wars documentary film The Prequels Strike Back: A Fan's Journey.

In 2023 he released the documentary Attack of the Doc about the history of G4.

Personal life
Gore lives in Los Angeles, California.

title: Chris Gore


text:
File:ElizabethTownMarker2.jpg

This is where Elizabethtown used to be.

title: File:ElizabethTownMarker2.jpg


text:
Talk:Monogram Pictures

Image copyright problem with Image:Dillinger.jpg
The image Image:Dillinger.jpg is used in this article under a claim of fair use, but it does not have an adequate explanation for why it meets the requirements for such images when used here. In particular, for each page the image is used on, it must have an explanation linking to that page which explains why it needs to be used on that page. Please check

 * That there is a non-free use rationale on the image's description page for the use in this article.
 * That this article is linked to from the image description page.

This is an automated notice by FairuseBot. For assistance on the image use policy, see Media copyright questions. --00:44, 24 May 2008 (UTC)

Merge?
I wonder if Allied Artists Pictures Corporation should be merged here, since it's the same company under a different name. Rees11 (talk) 20:21, 27 October 2009 (UTC)

 * It's now a redirect. but Allied Artists International is still a separate article. I guess it's a similar situation to General Motors, which doesn't get a separate article for the company restarted after bankruptcy and they should be merged. Horatio (talk) 22:59, 15 January 2011 (UTC)

Summary of fair use rationale for movie poster in article
nonfree image removed Dillinger (1945 film) poster

Licensing
Non-free poster

Fair use in Dillinger (1945 film)
Though this image is subject to copyright, its use is covered by the U.S. fair use laws because:
 * 1) It's a low resolution copy of a Film Poster / VHS or DVD Cover.
 * 2) It doesn't limit the copyright owner's rights to sell the film in any way, in fact, it may encourage sales.
 * 3) Because of the low resolution, copies could not be used to make illegal copies of the artwork/image.
 * 4) The image is itself a subject of discussion in the article or used in the infobox thereof.
 * 5) The image  is significant because it was used to promoted a notable film.

Source

 * 1) Derived from a digital capture (photo/scan) of the Film Poster/ VHS or DVD Cover (creator of this digital version is irrelevant as the copyright in all equivalent images is still held by the same party). Copyright held by the film company or the artist.  Claimed as fair use regardless.

No

 * Nonfree imges are not allowed on talk pages.
 * This image does not have a FUR for this article
 * A FUR for this article would more than likely not be accepted. It is not necessary and more decoration then assisting the reader of the understanding of the topic (company not a single release). Removing it from the page. A logo might be the best option if a nonfre image is used.
 * FURs are for use in the file and not the talk page.Cptnono (talk) 02:13, 18 September 2010 (UTC)

Why does non RS advert for Allied Artists International keep getting restored, and citation needed tags removed?
Why does unsourced advert for Allied Artists International keep getting restored? 173.75.81.106 (talk) 05:29, 8 April 2011 (UTC)
 * You know why. Perhaps you should link to the other discussion, be more open here, or open an RfC for more input.Cptnono (talk) 05:32, 8 April 2011 (UTC)
 * Thanks for straight answer. On reflection, my seemingly straightforward question now looks to me like it is bordering in WP:BAIT. But how to ask the straightforward question without at the same time baiting? 173.75.81.106 (talk) 13:01, 8 April 2011 (UTC)

Why was the reliably sourced Sunset Boulevard studio location reverted?
Why was the reliably sourced Sunset Boulevard studio location reverted? 173.75.81.106 (talk) 17:02, 8 April 2011 (UTC)
 * Tweaked and replaced - the quote in the citation about the COS was undue and meaningless to this article. Off2riorob (talk) 17:17, 8 April 2011 (UTC)

Ownership of 1936-1946 library
Who owns the rights to the 1936-1946 film library? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.95.34.84 (talk) 23:05, 7 June 2011 (UTC)

Repeated incorrect insertion of information claiming Allied Artists International is related to Monogram Pictures
Regarding this edit, the source is a primary source, and cannot be used at Wikipedia per VP:RS. Furthermore, a trademark application is not a source as to the legal successor claims being made. Further still, checking the actual (primary) source shows that it does not in any way support the information in the edit. The edit will be undone. If edits persist in trying to claim Kimball Dean Richards and his Allied Artists International are in any way associated with this historic movie company, the Allied Artists International article will be brought to the administrator notice board as being not notable, entirely based on nonreliable sources, and containing assertions not supported by the sources, even if they were reliable, per the talk page comments made by many editors in that article. 64.134.232.30 (talk) 13:16, 20 November 2013 (UTC)
 * The trademark cited is not an "application" as you assert, but rather an issued trademark as well as an original assignment of rights. Allied Artists International regained control of Monogram Pictures in 2008 as was demonstrated by the trademark assignments and actual registration of those trademarks by the United States Patent & Trademark Office.  The USPTO is a government entity with a publicly available database that can be cited to establish the ownership of the Monogram Pictures trade name, trademark and its goodwill. I'm not sure why you're referencing the CEO of Allied Artists International as the reason you keep vandalizing the article. It's rather obvious you're the same vandal who had previously vandalized the Allied Artists International article in pursuit of some person vendetta.  Please refrain from defacing this article or you will be reported to the administrators notice board as has occurred before and you will be banned again as a sock puppet of PPdd, KatieBoundary and numerous IP editors, as you were previously by Admin Toddst1.--108.38.57.177 (talk) 04:42, 21 November 2013 (UTC)
 * Trademark transfer does not necessarily mean that a company is still operating; trademarks of defunct companies can still be transferred. This source does not support the stated fact: that Monogram is still an operating company.  It looks more like Allied bought Monogram's library?  This source merely states that the trademark itself is owned by Allied.  Even the Allied International website does not state that Monogram is an active company.  A second source will settle this, and I haven't found one via google.  Given that so much of this page is wholly unsourced I am skeptical of the interpretation of this primary source. Henry chianski (talk) 17:50, 10 January 2017 (UTC)

Godard/Breathless
I took out the part about Godard being influenced by Monogram movies based on this quote:

"Why Monogram? Godard never reviewed anything from that studio, which lasted from 1931 to 1953 and mainly produced cheap westerns and series like the Bowery Boys. But shooting on the fly and without sync sound, he wanted to express an alliance to an aesthetic related to impoverished budgets. So this wasn’t any sort of fan’s homage, as it would have been if it had come from one of the American movie brats; it was a critical statement of aims and boundaries."

BREATHLESS as Film Criticism, Jonathan Rosenbaum, April 18, 2007

Danwroy (talk) 22:43, 29 July 2015 (UTC)

File:Histoire-d-O.jpg use
Dear, the image of the French poster you claim rights to is needed for the French article https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histoire_d%27O_(film) do you allow its use to enhance the article? --Mateouso (talk) 07:53, 26 April 2016 (UTC)

Request for comment about Allied Artists International

 * The following discussion is closed. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

Is Monogram Pictures verifiably a subsidiary of Allied Artists International? Henry chianski (talk) 01:12, 8 July 2017 (UTC)

Threaded discussion
I cannot find any third-party, secondary sources to support the claim that Monogram Pictures is still in operation under ownership of Allied Artists International. The only source is a US Patent & Trademark Office document showing transference of trademark. But trademarks of defunct companies can be transferred. I cannot find any source to confirm that Monogram is still in operation today. It could be that Allied bought Monogram's library. The Monogram website redirects to the Allied website, which features the Monogram logo but doesn't have any other information; even so, this website is not an independent source. Given that so much of this page is wholly unsourced I am skeptical of such claims without secondary sources. Henry chianski (talk) 01:12, 8 July 2017 (UTC)
 * Try asking this at the Reference Desk. Jojalozzo (talk) 20:52, 11 July 2017 (UTC)
 * Thanks. The consensus advice from the Reference Desk is that a trademark transfer does not establish any transfer of ownership. Editors pointed out the cases of Rolls-Royce Motors regarding Volkswagen, Apple Corps v Apple Computer, and Dick Smith (retailer). I have found the same to be true by looking up court cases about trademark transfers. And as I can find no other source confirming that Monongram is still in operations I am dubious of the article retaining that claim. Henry chianski (talk) 23:54, 12 July 2017 (UTC)
 * The website is sufficient per WP:ABOUTSELF that the Monogram brand and releases from Monogram are now Allied material. But, yes, it is not an indication that Monogram is still in operation, nor that it is a subsidiary of Allied.  — SMcCandlish ☺ ☏ ¢ ≽ʌⱷ҅ᴥⱷʌ≼  02:59, 16 July 2017 (UTC)

Hello, folks. I was notified of this discussion by the Feedback Request Service. Although I can't provide anything approaching an expert opinion on the question, I did notice the following things. First, the Allied Artists website is not entirely consistent with itself, at one point (here) stating that it was Allied that was the subsidiary of Monogram, and not the other way around. Also, the authors of this film encyclopedia here seem to think that Allied and Monogram were the same company, just with a change of name. And finally, the TCM listing for one of Monogram's better films (Wild Stallion) shows a 2013 DVD release that was released through Warner Brothers (though they may have been acting as the distributor for Allied). In all, it's a confusing situation. I hope these comments are at least a little bit helpful. NewYorkActuary (talk) 21:34, 31 July 2017 (UTC)

 * The discussion above is closed. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

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title: Talk:Monogram Pictures


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Stefano DellaVigna

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete. Sjakkalle (Check!)  09:19, 27 July 2005 (UTC)

Stefano DellaVigna
Not Notable, no content, nothing links here Delete J E Bailey 01:50, 14 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Google shows not notable, and artilce has no content. Decapod73 02:43, 14 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Article not notable, and has no potential for additional content. --jonasaurus 02:51, 14 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Not notable.--GrandCru 03:27, 14 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete nn royblumy 06:26, July 14, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete non notable. JamesBurns 09:42, 14 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Vanity. siafu 22:45, 14 July 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text: User talk:69.226.42.216

title: User talk:69.226.42.216


text:
Missouri Route 350

Route 350 is a highway in the Kansas City, Missouri, area. Its eastern terminus is at the Interstate 470/U.S. Route 50 (I-470/US 50) interchange in Lee's Summit; its western terminus is at I-435 in Kansas City. Along the northern terminus, it fades into Blue Parkway and part of the route is an old alignment of US 50. Notable development along Route 350, particularly in and nearing Raytown, occurred in the late 1970s into the 1980s. However, much of this area now shows its age and the changing socioeconomic makeup of the area, with retail chains falling into disrepair or closing.

title: Missouri Route 350


text:
File:Paul von Rennenkampf (1854-1918).jpg

Russian General Paul von Rennenkampf, 1905.


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Dinosaurs: A Young Earth View

Delete. It is so one-sided that it's hard to even clean up at this point. --Vizcarra 01:52, 14 July 2005 (UTC)


text: User talk:70.129.102.83

title: User talk:70.129.102.83


text:
Eddy Grant

Edmond Montague Grant (born 5 March 1948) is a Guyanese-British singer, songwriter and multi-instrumentalist, known for his genre-blending sound and socially-conscious lyrics; his music has blended elements of pop, British rock, soul, funk, reggae, electronic music, African polyrhythms, and Latin music genres such as samba, among many others. In addition to this, he also helped to pioneer the genre of "Ringbang". He was a founding member of the Equals, one of the United Kingdom's first racially mixed pop groups who are best remembered for their million-selling UK chart-topper, the Grant-penned "Baby, Come Back".

His subsequent solo career included the 1982 song "I Don't Wanna Dance", plus the platinum 1983 single "Electric Avenue", which is his biggest international hit. He earned a Grammy Award nomination for the song. He is also well known for the anti-apartheid 1988 song "Gimme Hope Jo'anna".

Early life
Grant was born in Plaisance, British Guiana (now Guyana), later moving to Linden. His father, Patrick, was a trumpeter who played in Nello and the Luckies. While he was at school, his parents lived and worked in the United Kingdom, sending back money for his education. In 1960, he emigrated to join his parents in London. He lived in Kentish Town and went to school at the Acland Burghley Secondary Modern at Tufnell Park, where he learned to read and write music. He became a big fan of Chuck Berry, and after seeing him play at the Finsbury Park Astoria decided on a career in music.

The Equals
In 1965, Grant formed the Equals, playing guitar and singing background vocals, and the band had two hit albums and a minor hit with the single "I Get So Excited" before having a number one hit in 1968 with his song "Baby Come Back". The tune also topped the UK Singles Chart in 1994, when covered by Pato Banton featuring Robin and Ali Campbell of the reggae group UB40. The Equals had five further top 40 hits in the UK up to the end of 1970. The Baby Come Back album featured a song by Grant titled "Police on My Back," which was recorded by the Clash for their 1980 album Sandinista!. Willie Nile released his version of "Police on My Back" on his Streets of New York CD. The Equals' song "Green Light" co-written by Grant from their 1968 album Supreme, was recorded by the Detroit Cobras, for their 2007 album, Tied & True.

In this period he also worked as a songwriter and producer for other artists, including the Pyramids (producing their debut single "Train Tour to Rainbow City") and Prince Buster, for whom he wrote "Rough Rider", and started the Torpedo record label, releasing British-made reggae singles.

Ice Records
On 1 January 1971, Grant suffered a heart attack and collapsed lung, leading to his departure from the Equals to concentrate on production, opening his own Coach House Studios in the grounds of his Stamford Hill home in 1972, and starting Ice Records in 1974, initially distributed by Pye Records and later by Virgin Records. He produced the Pioneers' 1976 album Feel the Rhythm, as well as early recordings by his younger brother Rudy, working under the name the Mexicano. During this time he also branched out of music, learning to tap dance, and subsequently trying his hand at acting at the behest of fellow Guyanese immigrant actor Norman Beaton.

Solo
A self-titled solo album released in 1975 made little impact, as did the proto-soca Message Man, completed and released in 1977, on which Grant played all the instruments himself. His breakthrough as a solo artist came two years later with the album Walking on Sunshine, which spawned the UK top 20 hit "Living on the Frontline". He returned to the charts in 1980 with the top 10 hit "Do You Feel My Love", the opening track of Can't Get Enough, the 1981 album giving him his first entry in the UK Albums Chart. The album included two further hit singles, "Can't Get Enough of You" and "I Love You, Yes I Love You".

From 1982 onward, Grant was based in Barbados (where he opened his Blue Wave Studios), the same year releasing his most successful album, Killer on the Rampage, which included his two biggest solo hits, "I Don't Wanna Dance", which spent three weeks at number one in the UK as well as selling well internationally, and "Electric Avenue", which reached no. 2 in both the UK and the US. He also began producing and promoting local artists such as David Rudder, Mighty Gabby, Tamu Hibbert, and Grynner. A lean period followed; his 1984 title song for the movie Romancing the Stone was cut from the film and stalled outside the UK top 50 when released as a single, although it fared better in the US and Canada. His albums Going for Broke (1984), Born Tuff (1987), and File Under Rock (1988) failed to chart and produced no further hit singles. Grant participated in Prince Edward's charity television special The Grand Knockout Tournament (1987).

Grant returned to the charts in 1988 with the anti-apartheid single "Gimme Hope Jo'anna", a no. 7 hit in the UK. The song was banned by the South African government. In the late 1980s he pursued other business interests including music publishing and a nightclub, and built up the success of his Blue Wave studio, which was used by the Rolling Stones, Sting, Cliff Richard, and Elvis Costello.

Grant continued releasing albums in the 1990s, including Barefoot Soldier (1990), Paintings of the Soul (1992), Soca Baptism (1993), and Hearts and Diamonds (1999). In 1994 he introduced a new genre, ringbang, at the Barbados Crop Over festival. Grant said of ringbang: "What ringbang seeks to do is envelop all the rhythms that have originated from Africa so that they become one, defying all geographical boundaries." In 2000 he organised the Ringbang Celebration festival in Tobago. In 2001, a remix of "Electric Avenue" reached no. 5 in the UK and an attendant Greatest Hits album reached no. 3 in that country.

In 2004, Grant created a song for the yogurt based drink Yop, to the tune of "Gimme Hope Jo'anna". On 18 April 2006, Grant released the album Reparation. The title of this album is a call for restitution for the transatlantic slave trade. There was an eleven-year gap before his next album, when he released his 2017 album Plaisance.

In 2008, he performed at Nelson Mandela's 90th birthday concert, and also played several dates in the UK, including the Glastonbury Festival. As of 2023, Grant has refused to allow his music on streaming platforms such as Apple Music and Spotify, out of protest for how the platforms pay artists. However, in February 2024, his album Killer on the Rampage became available on the aforementioned streaming services again, including the original version of “Electric Avenue.”

Copyright infringement lawsuit against Donald Trump
In September 2020, Grant sued Donald Trump, who was President of the United States at the time, for unauthorized use of Grant's 1983 chart hit "Electric Avenue" in an August 2020 presidential campaign video. Trump posted the video on Twitter where it was viewed more than 13 million times before Twitter took it down after Grant's copyright complaint. Grant's song plays during 40 seconds of the animated 55-second video. Trump unsuccessfully attempted to have the suit dismissed, citing fair use and "absolute presidential immunity". Grant asked for $300,000 in damages.

Trump's attorney told the court that the deposition contained sensitive information about Trump's presidential campaign strategy. He asked that Trump and campaign advisor Dan Scavino's testimony be permanently sealed because it would give an "unwarranted competitive advantage" to his opponents in the 2024 presidential election, and because it "could be used against them in other, parallel, litigations unrelated to this matter.". The case, Grant v. Trump (1:20-cv-07103), is pending in federal court in the Southern District New York.

Awards and nominations
In 2016, it was announced that Grant would receive a Lifetime Achievement Award from the government of Guyana. He was previously honoured with a postage stamp featuring his likeness and Ringbang logo by the Guyana Post Office Corporation in 2005. Grant was nominated for a Grammy in the 26th Annual Grammy Awards for his song "Electric Avenue".

Discography

 * Eddy Grant (1975)
 * Message Man (1977)
 * Walking on Sunshine (1979)
 * Love in Exile (1980)
 * Can't Get Enough (1981)
 * Killer on the Rampage (1982)
 * Going for Broke (1984)
 * Born Tuff (1986)
 * File Under Rock (1988)
 * Barefoot Soldier (1990)
 * Paintings of the Soul (1992)
 * Soca Baptism (1993)
 * Hearts and Diamonds (1999)
 * Reparation (2006)
 * Plaisance (2017)

title: Eddy Grant


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/1secondfilm

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was speedy deleted. Sjakkalle (Check!)  09:21, 27 July 2005 (UTC)

1secondfilm
The promoters of this project give permission to use this in Wikipedia, howver the purpose of Wikipedia is not to promote upcoming events. Delete. --nixie 01:52, 14 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, spam. —Cryptic (talk) 01:55, 14 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, spam --jonasaurus 02:53, 14 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, spam.   — J I P | Talk 07:02, 14 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Already speedied, as spam. Stewart Adcock 07:44, 14 July 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.