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Sylvia Lim

Sylvia Lim Swee Lian (born 28 March 1965) is a Singaporean politician, lawyer, former police officer and Temasek Polytechnic law lecturer. A member of the opposition Workers' Party (WP), she had been a Non-Constituency Member of Parliament between 2006 and 2011 of the 11th Parliament of Singapore. She represented the Serangoon division of Aljunied GRC between 2011 and 2020, and has been Member of Parliament (MP) representing the Paya Lebar division of Aljunied GRC since 2020. Lim has been the chairwoman of the Workers' Party since 2003.

Before entering politics, Lim had served in the Singapore Police Force and worked in Temasek Polytechnic as a law lecturer. One week after the 2011 general election, she announced that she would be resigning from her job at Temasek Polytechnic after 12 years of service by what she anticipated to be an increased workload after being elected as part of the Workers' Party team for Aljunied GRC. During the same year, Lim also re-entered the legal sector. She is currently counsel at Peter Low Chambers LLC.

Education
Lim attended CHIJ Our Lady of Good Counsel, CHIJ St. Joseph's Convent and National Junior College before graduating from the National University of Singapore in 1988 with a Bachelor of Laws degree with honours. She went on complete a Master of Laws at the University College London in 1989, and was called to the bar in Singapore in 1991. She later completed a master's degree in criminal justice from the Michigan State University in 2014, online.

During her undergraduate and postgraduate studies, Lim did volunteer work with the Spastic Children's Association, Salvation Army Home for the Aged and University College Hospital. She later did voluntary editorial work for the Criminal Legal Aid Scheme of the Law Society of Singapore.

Career
In 1991, Lim joined the Singapore Police Force for three years as a police inspector. She initially did investigation work at the Central Police Division Headquarters, and then became a staff officer under the Director of the Criminal Investigation Department.

Lim joined the law firm M/s Lim & Lim in 1994. She handled litigation work both civil and criminal cases in the High Court, Subordinate Courts and Juvenile Court between 1994 and 1998.

Lim joined Temasek Polytechnic in 1998 as a law lecturer. She was also the Manager of Professional Development and Manager of Continuing Education and Training at the polytechnic's School of Business. Her main areas of teaching and research were in civil and criminal procedure, criminal justice and private security. During her time at Temasek Polytechnic, Lim contributed to the volume on Criminal Procedure for Halsbury's Laws of Singapore (2003), a legal practitioners' reference series, and has also collected and published primary research on private security in Singapore.

In March 2006, Temasek Polytechnic modified its staffing policies to enable Lim to run as a candidate in the general election without having to resign her teaching position at the institution.

Political career
Lim was cited as feeling "distressed" that opposition parties could contest only one-third of the parliamentary seats during the 2001 general election. Ten days after the election, she joined the Workers' Party (WP) and within 18 months quickly rose to become the chairwoman of the party in 2003.

2006 general election
At the 2006 general election, Lim led the five-member Worker's Party team to contest the Aljunied Group Representation Constituency (Aljunied GRC), campaigning on the slogan "You have a Choice". Means testing in hospitals, as well as the James Gomez fiasco became hot button issues during the election campaign. The WP team ultimately lost to the team from the governing People's Action Party (PAP) by 58,593 votes (43.9%) to 74,843 (56.1%). This was the highest percentage of the vote garnered by any losing opposition candidates in the election, and therefore meant that the WP was entitled to select one of its team members from Aljunied GRC to become a Non-constituency Member of Parliament. The party chose Lim to become its Non-constituency Member of Parliament.

NCMP term: 2006–2011
During her term in Parliament, Lim spoke out against ministers' salaries, and also against means testing in hospitals, which resulted in the PAP deferring a decision on this for a period of two years from 2006 to 2008. In addition, she also called for a reduction in the Goods and Services Tax, arguing that it was a regressive tax, and urged the government to do more to help retrenched workers.

In 2009, Parliament debated the Human Organ Transplant (Amendment) Bill which would permit an organ donor to receive a reasonable amount of payment as a reimbursement for medical checks, insurance and other medical expenses, and loss of income. Lim spoke of her worry that the bill might lead to a backdoor organ trading and profiteering.

In 2010, Lim mooted the idea that the proportion of each Primary 1 cohort that would be seeking a university education should be increased beyond the 30% by 2015 that the Government was planning. She noted that in Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development countries in 2006 about 37% of each age cohort received a degree-level education, and that a sizeable number of Singaporean students who failed to gain entry into local universities had done well in reputable universities overseas. She also suggested giving concessionary fares to disabled individuals who make up 2% of the adult population under 60 years.

Lim expressed concerns about a proposed constitutional amendment introduced in April 2010 that would allow magistrates to hear what are called "first mentions" through video conferencing. A first mention is a hearing that must be held within 48 hours of a person's arrest. She felt it failed to adequately assure accused people that they were allowed to complain to magistrates about injuries they had sustained or acts of misfeasance against them by the authorities. In response, Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Home Affairs Wong Kan Seng assured MPs that processes would be in place to ensure that accused people are treated fairly. For example, during a video conference, an accused person will be alone in a room with no police officer, and will be able to see what is happening in the entire courtroom. Secondly, the screen that will be used by the judge is large enough to enable him or her to clearly see whether the accused is under duress. Finally, accused people who have been mistreated can either complain to the police or to the judge when they are later present in court. The following month, during parliamentary debates on major revisions to the Criminal Procedure Code, Lim suggested there was a need to improve pre-trial disclosure procedures and to ensure that victims of crimes received redress. Further, she expressed concerns over the leniency of community-based sentencing. The bill eventually incorporated several of her suggestions.

In 2011, Lim noted that the Compulsory Education Act ensures that all children have the opportunity to receive an education. However, she expressed concern that processes for entry to schools for children with special needs were cumbersome. Furthermore, education for children with special needs was not subject to the same subsidies that students in mainstream schools had. She thus brought to the House's attention the fact that special needs children might have been unintentionally marginalized. These concerns were supported by Penny Low, MP for Pasir Ris–Punggol GRC.

2011 general election

In the 2011 general election, Lim again contested in five-member team along with Pritam Singh, Chen Show Mao, Low Thia Khiang and Muhamad Faisal Manap in Aljunied GRC. Lim and her party campaigned on the slogan "Towards a First World Parliament", which entailed maintaining checks and balances in Parliament to keep the ruling party accountable to the public, and for opposition parties to gain experience in policy formulation and constituency work. In her final election rally speech, Lim emphasised that contrary to the public's perception, there was "no glamour" in being an opposition MP, and that she was only "fighting to serve". In a televised political broadcast on cooling-off day, Lim warned the public that "there is a very real danger of an 87 to nil score ... and if that happens, Singapore's political landscape will suffer a tremendous setback from which we may never recover."

Lim was returned as an elected Member of Parliament for Aljunied GRC after her team won 54.71% of the votes (54.72% including overseas votes), the first time that an opposition party won a GRC since the system's introduction on 1 June 1988. In addition, the defeat of the incumbent PAP team marked the first time in Singapore's electoral history that a serving cabinet minister lost his seat.

She has been assigned to look after the Serangoon ward previously held by the PAP's Lim Hwee Hua and has also been appointed Chairman of the combined Aljunied–Hougang Town Council. Lim's victory also made her the first female opposition MP in Singapore's post-independence history.

Gross National Happiness
In her maiden speech as an opposition MP in October 2011, Lim urged the government to adopt a more holistic approach in assessing the well-being of Singaporeans, which included using Gross National Happiness (GNH) as an indicator apart from conventional indicators such as the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Lim further noted in her speech that Singapore was a co-sponsor of Bhutan's resolution in the United Nations entitled Happiness: Towards a holistic approach to development. Lim's speech drew swift rebuttals from MPs of the ruling People's Action Party, including Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong who suggested later in 2014 that it was impractical "to switch to a different metric – from GDP to GNH". Lim replied that "the search for alternative indicators other than GDP is highly relevant ... GNH is not merely about measuring an emotion. It is about measuring societal progress in a holistic way".

Woffles Wu case
In 2012, Lim engaged in a heated debate with Law Minister K Shanmugam where she questioned if the judgement published by the Attorney-General's Chambers (AGC) with regards to the Woffles Wu speeding case had addressed public concerns on the equitability of Singapore's legal system. Wu was fined S$1,000 in June 2012 under section 81(3) of the Road Traffic Act. Lim questioned why a custodial sentence was not imposed, noting that "aggravating factors" such as Wu abetting someone to provide false information to the police, and that he had committed more than one offence over a prolonged period would have warranted a harsher sentence. Shanmugam insisted that the treatment of the law applied in Wu's case was in line with prior cases of a similar nature, and challenged Lim repeatedly to name "a single case" in which a custodial sentence was imposed on cases with such a nature.

The sharp exchange between Lim and the Minister led to WP chief Low Thia Khiang intervening to question if Shanmugam was trying to "impose some sort of intimidation" on Lim. The debate also led to Lim requesting the Minister to "confirm whether he's questioning my motive in filing the question? ... Is he alleging bad faith on my part to cast aspersions on the legal system?", to which Shanmugam replied, "MPs should leave politics aside and look at the facts if we want to be honest and fair. It's got nothing to do with intimidation."

Population White Paper
Lim also spoke out against the Population White Paper, contending that the government's strategy of using immigration to "top up" for the shortfall in Singapore's total fertility rate (TFR) "will further dilute national identity" and place Singapore on course in requiring "even more population injections in the future". She added that the government's attempts to encourage childbirths have been "half-hearted". Lim and her party proposed a greater tradeoff between GDP growth and population numbers, as well as new initiatives to encourage TFR recovery.

Action Information Management (AIM) saga
The AIM saga, which involved the termination of town council IT software owned by the PAP in the event of a "material change" in the leadership of a town, became a much talked about issue in the lead up to the Punggol East by-election in 2013. Lim contended that a "material change" was taken to mean a "change in political leadership" as in Aljunied GRC, and questioned how the public interest was served with the presence of such a termination clause. This led to Lim filing an adjournment motion in Parliament titled Safeguarding the Public Interest in Town Council Management, which she withdrew after the government announced it will conduct a review on the issue. Then Minister for National Development Khaw Boon Wan accused Lim of being "self-righteous" and "arrogant", in which Lim replied she "definitely does not accept his ascription of those motives to me personally". The WP won the by-election in Punggol East.

Little India riot
Lim opposed the Public Order (Additional Temporary Measures) Bill in the aftermath of the 2013 Little India riot, characterising the "hasty introduction" of the bill as a "knee-jerk reaction" by the government. She noted that the bill would in effect "stigmatise Little India as a special zone requiring special legislation" and that "there are already sufficient powers under our laws" with the Committee of Inquiry (COI) set to release its recommendations soon. Lim further expressed concerns with regards to newly imposed liquor control regulations, as well as policing resources and manpower required to handle such occurrences.

Promoting social mobility
Lim also advocated for a more progressive tax system and strengthening of social safety nets to mitigate inequality, which included tweaking the income tax tiers for high income earners and fixing loopholes in the property tax measures.

Lim expressed support for the Pioneer Generation Package rolled out by the government in 2014, but raised concerns with regards to the MediShield Life scheme, particularly for Singaporeans who are already on private medical insurance or those living abroad.

2015 general election
Less than a month before election day on 12 August 2015, Lim set up her Instagram account with the first post showing a photo of herself eating oyster omelette at Fengshan Hawker Centre. The accompanying caption read "The taste of Fengshan – heavenly!" and a cryptic hashtag "#ReasonsToWin". A media frenzy and large public reaction ensued, with rumours circulating that Lim was considering a move to contest the election in Fengshan SMC. Alluding to the financial problems of the WP-run Aljunied–Hougang-Punggol East Town Council, Deputy Prime Minister Teo Chee Hean joined in the fray, criticising Lim for wanting to "swallow up Fengshan" and "help the town council with the deficit". Lim later replied that it was "unfortunate" that Teo "does not seem to have a sense of humour".

In the 2015 Singaporean general election, Lim defended her Aljunied GRC ward against a new PAP team led by Yeo Guat Kwang. Campaigning on the platform "Empower Your Future", the vote numbers came down to the wire and a recount had to be conducted as the margin was less than 2%. At 03:10 AM SST on 12 September 2015, Lim and her team was returned to Parliament with a reduced majority of 50.96%.

Speaking to the media just hours after the election results on the sidelines of a thank you parade, Lim questioned if "voters don't want too much opposition in Parliament". She added that the fact that all 89 seats were contested by the opposition might also have resulted in some pushback, where voters were worried "sooner or later the PAP might be dislodged as a government". The feel-good factor of the SG50 golden jubilee celebrations, memory of the late Lee Kuan Yew who died in the same year and the unstable economic environment were also some other factors Lim cited for the results swinging in favour of the ruling party.

Second term: 2016 – present
Singapore's 13th Parliament opened on 25 January 2016 following the elections in 2015. In her Parliamentary speech to President Tony Tan Keng Yam's addenda, Lim called for fundamental changes to Singapore's education system and how students are assessed, as well as scaling back the government's presence in non-core government functions such as in the boards of sports groups so as to allow such organisations to "manage their own affairs". Lim further noted that "an exceptional nation should have a people whose DNA is being unafraid to fail".

Administration of Justice (Protection) Bill
In a sharp exchange with Law Minister K Shanmugam which lasted seven hours, Lim and her party colleagues voiced strong objections to the Administration of Justice (Protection) Bill which deals with the law of contempt of court. Lim argued that the bill was "being bulldozed through Parliament" and "unnecessarily lower[s] the threshold to what amounts to scandalising the courts". She added that the bill provides "draconian enforcement muscle" to the government, with the Minister using "a sledgehammer to kill an ant ... we are one step closer to being a police state". Lim ended her speech as such,

Government Proceedings Act
While Lim supported the Government Proceedings Act, she argued against one of the act's clauses which removes the limit to the amount of legal fees the government can be awarded if and when it goes to court. Lim expressed "grave concerns" about the bill, saying that the bill will give the public the impression that the government is "using legal costs as a deterrent or prohibitive factor when it comes to litigation with the government".

Oxley Road dispute
Speaking during the 2-day special Parliamentary session on the 38 Oxley Road dispute, Lim noted that allegations of abuse of power mounted on PM Lee Hsien Loong by his siblings Lee Hsien Yang and Dr Lee Wei Ling were "serious charges" and "deeply troubling". Focusing her speech on potential conflicts of interest, Lim revealed that Singapore's current Attorney-General (AG) Lucien Wong represented the PM as his personal lawyer in the dispute involving the house. The Deputy AG, Hri Kumar, was also an ex-PAP MP. Lim questioned if the leadership of the Attorney-General's Chambers had "recused themselves in advising the Government on any decision it wishes to take on 38 Oxley Road", and "whether these appointments instill public confidence that the AGC will act independently in matters where the Government or Prime Minister has an interest in the outcomes". In an ensuing debate with Senior Minister of State for Law Indranee Rajah, Lim further questioned if the Cabinet agrees that there should be "distance between the Government and the AGC leadership", to which Rajah disagreed and replied that "independence of mind" was the crucial factor.

Debate on Presidential Elections Act (Amendment) Bill 2017
Lim has opposed the elected presidency, advocating for the president to be an appointed one instead. Lim argued that a president "elected under a PAP government might be pro-PAP and could potentially cripple a non-PAP government in its first term". In a debate with Law Minister K Shanmugam in November 2016, Lim also disagreed on the "dual role" expected of the elected president – being a custodian of reserves as well as being a head of state – as this might lead to the president being faced with a confrontational situation with the government.

Lim has suggested since 2006 that a reversion back to the system where the president is appointed by Parliament would "naturally take care of any concerns of minority representation and would not be regressive". Lim further called for a national referendum for Singaporeans to decide whether the public preferred an elected or appointed president. Lim therefore voted against the constitutional amendments on the Presidential Elections Act in February 2017, which would provide for a reserved election if and when an individual from a minority race has not been president for five consecutive terms. She took issue with the government's decision to use Wee Kim Wee's presidential term as the basis of starting the count for the hiatus triggered mechanism, arguing that Wee was never elected by the people.

Alluding to Lim's accusations, Minister Chan Chun Sing charged that Lim was "casting aspersions on the integrity of the Prime Minister", while DPM Teo Chee Hean said the decision was "based on AGC's advice" and asked Lim to mount a judicial challenge in the courts if she disagreed. This subsequently led to former presidential candidate and ex-PAP MP Tan Cheng Bock filing a suit in the High Court on whether the government's decision to start the count from President Wee was correct and in accordance with the constitution. Tan's case was dismissed and thrown out by the High Court and Court of Appeal, with the court ruling that it was entirely up to the government to decide when to start the count for the hiatus triggered mechanism. Lim was personally present in the Court of Appeal to hear the judgement.

The writ of election for Presidential Elections 2017 was issued soon after on 28 August 2017. On the same day, Lim filed an adjournment motion titled "Counting from President Wee Kim Wee or President Ong Teng Cheong – policy decision or legal question?" for the parliamentary sitting on 11 September 2017. Her adjournment motion was subsequently balloted out twice as other PAP MPs had also filed adjournment motions, rendering her unable to speak on the issue.

Lim delivered her speech on the adjournment motion on 3 October 2017, after two unsuccessful attempts. In a strongly-worded 18-minute speech, Lim stated on the outset that the "public was very divided" on the implementation of reserved presidential elections. She accused the government — particularly PM Lee, DPM Teo, and Minister Chan — of attempting to "confuse and distract", and misleading Parliament by "merely using the AGC's advice as a cover to avoid full Parliamentary debate on why the count was not starting from President Ong Teng Cheong". In his reply, Law Minister Shanmugam rejected Lim's assertions that the government was attempting to mislead, saying that the "government has always been clear that when it comes to the counting, it is a policy matter for Parliament to decide". He also took a swipe at Lim and berated, "Ms Lim protests far too much."

Criminal Law (Temporary Provisions) Act
In opposing the renewal of the Criminal Law (Temporary Provisions) Act (CLTPA) on 6 February 2018, Lim questioned the premature renewal of the bill and said that the government had "gone too far" with the additional provisions, charging that the addition of a finality clause in the act to make the Minister's decision on whether to detain someone without trial final was an “attempt to make the Minister (for Home Affairs) all-powerful”. Lim added that she found the addition of the finality clause "very troubling" and "a position too arrogant for the House to adopt".

Lim also took issue with the amendments to the fourth schedule, which now defines the scope of criminal activities in which one may be detained under the CLTPA. Lim branded the bill "untenable" and accused the Minister of attempting to be "a global policeman with no equal in the world" after it was revealed that individuals who commit criminal activities outside Singapore may now be detained under the CLTPA as well, as in the case of Dan Tan.

A highly charged exchange between Lim and Minister Shanmugam broke out thereafter, with the Minister rebutting to say he was "prepared to stand up here and say as the Law and Home Affairs Minister that there is no intention to oust judicial review". Shanmugam described Lim's use of the phrase "global policeman" as "rhetorical flourish", and further accused Lim of making speeches that "made for a good reading on her website" but were purely "theatrics with no substance, calculated to mislead".

Lim rose to ask that a division be recorded at the second and third readings of the Bill. The bill to amend the act was ultimately passed with 77 ayes, 10 noes and 2 abstentions after a 4-hour debate. Eight of the WP elected MPs and NCMPs, as well as NMPs Kok Heng Leun and Azmoon Ahmad voted against the renewal of the CLTPA.

Budget 2018
Addressing Parliament on the second day of the Financial Budget debate on 28 February 2018, Lim focused her speech on addressing social and economic inequality and how it posed a threat to Singapore's solidarity. Lim also questioned if the Government had commissioned independent studies on social mobility using longitudinal data.

On 1 March 2018, Lim also pointed out that the Government had earlier floated "test balloons" on a possible GST hike but the public noted a contradiction with Deputy Prime Minister Tharman Shanmugaratnam's earlier statements that the Government already had enough money for the decade. This was, in Lim's view, a possible factor that led to the tax hike of two percentage points to 9% taking place only sometime between 2021 and 2025 instead of immediately. She said, "I rather suspect myself that the Government is stuck with that announcement otherwise... perhaps we would be debating a GST hike today."

Law Minister K Shanmugam and Finance Minister Heng Swee Keat rejected Lim's suspicion and demanded that Lim withdraw her statements. In particular, Shanmugam said that Lim had implied that the government was being dishonest by backing down on its plans, which was a "thoroughly hypocritical and dishonest statement typical of the statements she makes in this House".

In a fiery exchange which saw Shanmugam and Lim responding and talk over each other, Lim refused to retract her statements and defended her views as her "honest suspicion". Lim fired back, "The Government can rebut our speeches robustly, that's fine, but I don't think I'm disentitled to come to Parliament to advance honestly held beliefs or suspicions". The debate got so heated that Speaker Tan Chuan-Jin had to interject and remind MPs to respond only when their names were called.

Many online commentators on Channel NewsAsia's Facebook page, citing the presence of parliamentary privilege and the fact that it was an elected MP's duty to voice out the concerns of the public, were largely unconvinced by Shanmugam's accusations and saw no issue with Lim's statement. They also pointed out that Shanmugam seemed to have a personal discontent with Lim, judging from the numerous occasions in which both had clashed in Parliament. Lim highlighted this in Parliament in a statement during clarification time, “I can understand why he wants to accuse me of various things because he probably was not happy about past debates where I had disagreed with some of his legislative changes and in typical fashion, he always accuses me of dishonesty when as far as I am concerned I’ve acted honestly.”

The debate continued into the following day, with Heng demanding that Lim apologise to the House "as an honourable MP should" for her statements, and Shanmugam posting on Facebook with an edited video charging that Lim had "made serious, baseless insinuations".

Speaking at the start of the Parliamentary sitting on 6 March 2018, Leader of the House and Minister for Culture, Community and Youth Grace Fu demanded that Lim apologise to the House by 8 March 2018 and to withdraw her "allegation" that the Government had floated “test balloons” on the need to raise the GST. Fu had said Lim "cannot contend that her suspicion remains reasonable and honestly held" when clarification has been given to her by ministers in Parliament and elsewhere. Lim was not present in the chamber when Fu made her statement.

Lim responded to the issue in Parliament on 8 March 2018. In her 6-minute statement, Lim said she could accept her suspicion “may not have been correct”, but strongly rejected the government's accusation that her suspicion on the timing of the GST hike had no basis, and set out in detail a chronology of events including news reports and data published by economists which led to her to believe the GST might be raised in 2018. According to States Times Review, over 20 news reports of impending GST hike have been published by government-owned news media companies during the period of three months prior to Budget 2018 while the government ministries themselves maintained totally silent on the issue, thereby forming the basis of test balloons used in Lim's analogy. Lim reiterated that the public was worried about the impending GST hike, and she was not accusing the government of dishonesty.

Lim therefore stated plainly that she was not going to offer any apology and will not retract any of her statements as she believed she was doing her “constitutional role” as an elected MP to “convey ground concerns, reactions and confusion".

In an ensuing robust exchange, Fu expressed “disappointment” and condemned Lim for her “low standards, lack of integrity … dishonourable and deplorable conduct” and threatened to refer the matter to the Committee of Privileges should Lim repeat statements of such a nature.

Lim rose again to respond strongly against Fu's charges by quoting a part of Prime Minister Lee's closing speech during the 38 Oxley Road saga, "If MPs believe that something is wrong, it's MPs' job to pursue the facts and make these allegations in their own name, decide whether something seems to be wrong. And if you think something is wrong, even if you're not fully sure, then come to this House, confront the Government, ask for explanations and answers." Lim requested Fu to clarify if there was a “difference in standard here – One standard when the PM’s name needs to be cleared, and another standard when we are talking about raising taxes on the people?”

Finance Minister Heng pressed Lim for the “basis for her suspicions”. Lim responded by taking a dig at Heng, “I don’t think the Finance Minister was listening to my speech.”

After the parliamentary debate having ended, various members of the PAP leadership continued to criticised Lim. Indranee Rajah took to Facebook to describe Lim's conduct as "not honourable", while Chee Hong Tat wrote in a letter on PAP's website alleging that Lim would use the GST hike issue to attack the ruling party in the next general election. The continued attacks on Lim, however, were met with much public criticism and cynicism on how "small-minded" Singapore's leaders were. It was also revealed that the PAP government had sought the AGC's advice on whether Lim had breached parliamentary privilege after failing to get her to retract her statement and apologise.

Former PAP MP Tan Cheng Bock also weighed in on the issue, voicing out on how the ministers were "brow-beating" Lim to extract an apology from her. He said, "Instead of getting upset, the Ministers should be thankful Sylvia Lim gave them an opportunity to explain. If the government’s position is ‘no’ then just say no and let's just stop at that. No need to get defensive." The debate led to numerous Singaporeans breaking out in satire and coming up with various ridiculous reasons for one’s demand of an apology.

2020 general election
Lim was in a five-member Worker's Party team and contested in Aljunied GRC with Pritam Singh, Gerald Giam, Leon Perera and Muhamad Faisal Manap and retained back the GRC with 59.95% of the votes in 2020 general election.

Current appointments
Lim's current appointments are as follows:
 * Chairman, Workers' Party of Singapore
 * Co-Chairman, Aljunied Constituency Committee (AJCC)

Personal life
Lim's father, Lim Choon Mong, worked in the police force before quitting to study law in London and qualified as a practicing lawyer at age 39. In an interview with The Straits Times in 2013, Lim said much of her early political education were received in large part from her father. Her father died in August 2017. Lim's mother was a nurse.

Lim is a Catholic. While speaking at the CANA Catholic Centre Talk of the Town event in 2014, Lim said she tries "to read the bible everyday" but prefers to keep her faith private, adding that it is "not my nature to evangelise" as others may already have their own religion in which they take comfort in.

title: Sylvia Lim


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/THIS MOURNING AFTER

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was no consensus to delete -- Francs2000 | Talk 14:55, 7 August 2005 (UTC)

THIS MOURNING AFTER
Unsigned band that has yet to release an album. David | Talk 15:39, 26 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Non-notable, does not meet WP:MUSIC. - Chairboy 16:05, 26 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete per above. I don't see anything in the article asserting a nationwide tour, but if they really meet WP:MUSIC my vote is Keep. Friday 16:51, 26 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep they meet #2 of the criteria of WP:MUSIC. Can't seem to find the name of their label though. And my keep vote dosen't mean I enjoyed this article. Hamster Sandwich 17:48, 26 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep per Hamster Sandwich--touring nationwide thru England is legitimate grounds. Meelar (talk) 18:29, July 26, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep cleanup and move to This Mourning After. Have completed a UK tour thus satisfying a WP:MUSIC criteria. Capitalistroadster 20:20, 26 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. A nationwide tour for a hardcore band in the UK with no recordings usually means getting in a van and playing a few opening sets at shows with 4 or 5 other bands (in front of an audience of perhaps 80 people), losing money the whole time. I'd also like to see evidence of such a tour, and if they played more than 4 or 5 gigs (which can be nationwide in England). -R. fiend 16:09, 27 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Looking at their website, I can basically confirm that their tour conists of playing about a dozen gigs in Eastern England (not too far of a drive from Ipswich) opening for a bunch of other bands who also are hardly notable. This is vanity. -R. fiend 16:18, 27 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete per R. fiend. 165.189.91.148 20:47, 28 July 2005 (UTC) Argh. Logged off before vote.  This is Quale 20:59, 28 July 2005 (UTC).
 * 'Delete per R. fiend. Doing a bunch of opening gigs within driving distance of your home does not a tour make. - A Man In Black (Talk | Contribs) 06:51, 3 August 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


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Talk:Film score

Don Davis
Isn't the famous film score of Don Davis for the movie The Matrix orchestral? On his own wikipedia article it says he is a conductor and orchestrator. And I don't know much about music, but it all sounds very orchestral to me. In this article he is on the non-orchestral list. Xilliah (talk) 08:16, 6 November 2008 (UTC)

Clean Up
It could be argued (rather strenuously and with complete success, actually) that Jerry Goldsmith is not as obscure as the author of the article believes. There are other problems here and there but, in general, the whole thing can be re-written by someone with the time and inclination to. Gingermint (talk) 05:47, 28 September 2009 (UTC)

Move to "List of"
I suggest the "Notable film score composers include" section be moved to its own page, something like List of notable film score composers. --Jūzeris ⇐ feedback appreciated 15:40, 26 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Or, more appropriately, be merged into List of soundtrack composers. --Jūzeris ⇐ feedback appreciated 07:19, 27 July 2005 (UTC)

List of imaginary soundtracks
I've put together a List of imaginary soundtracks. feedback and additions welcome. The external link cited was used for a lot of the titles, as well as my personal collection.

I'm not sure if this is a legitimate 'musical genre' or not, hence created it in my userspace. It needs a more comprehensive intro/discussion before i'm comfortable entering it into wikipedia-proper. --Quiddity 21:56, 30 October 2005 (UTC) (updated Quiddity 22:35, 20 June 2006 (UTC))

typographical suggestion
I suggest listing the composers alphabetically by last name first with the last name in boldface. It makes things easier to find. Jeffmatt

Bolding
Why are some of the composers bolded? Nationalparks 14:09, 23 June 2006 (UTC)
 * Theoretically, they're the most notable/famous composers of film scores. -Quiddity 19:41, 23 June 2006 (UTC)
 * That's what I guessed. I removed all of that bolding, as per WP:NPOV. Nationalparks 20:03, 23 June 2006 (UTC)

Notable film score composers
We really need to pick some kind of criteria for "Notability", and severely reduce the size of this list section, whilst moving all non-included names to the "List of" article. We also need to avoid this turning into a popularity contest, and a western-centric one too. (Ideally, the resulting list will eventually get rewritten into good prose.) --Quiddity 23:15, 7 September 2006 (UTC)

suggested criteria
--> but which major industry award? There are many major cinema industry awards for film scoring in many countries (perhaps one or two notable composers from distinct regions of the world could be selected)? AppleJuggler 07:54, 31 January 2007 (UTC) --> the number interval indicated above is arbitrary; why not a nice round 10 (say if we have 4 major continents (the Americas, Asia, Europe and Africa), two renown composers from each would suffice perhaps)? AppleJuggler 07:54, 31 January 2007 (UTC)
 * won at least 1 major industry award
 * perhaps limit the number of entries to 15-20 (?)
 * all others get moved to List of soundtrack composers
 * Adding Ilaiyaraaja as he is most prolific in the world and holds 3 national awards from president of India. 68.197.147.1 (talk) 02:04, 3 June 2009 (UTC)

 * I could look through my course notes of Music in the Movies (University class)(The movies have a mix of important historical meaning and terms such as dystopia, utopia, thematic ideas such as Lord of The Rings, (Idea of motives associated link Wagner's Cycle does with character developement of music motifs) mouvements of rythm, etc... So, an important element is the "music term" references. Ex.: 2001 space Odysey, valsique tempo and how the running around in the circle was film with a a diferent tempo, giving an off rythm which eventually met up... or take this same example when the scientists touch the large rock (forget the proper term)... music there uses a dissonant chromatic asscention and descention. Or take "Jesus Christ Super Star"... one piece in that movie is ideal to explain the rythm of 5/4 (which give light heartness to the spirit)... This aspect can also be linked to the movie Ghost with the triolet idea of 3 vs. 2. "... I hunger for your... love" For this article to have a comprehensible direction we must decide what musical terms we want to discuss. Example of minimalistic music, Baroque Music (such as that movie called something "... in Love") We must chose this musical connotation wiselly so we are not performing original research... What is original research... well I think the dissonant chromatic ascention and descention in the Space Odysey 2001 could be consider, however, since my collegue Brian, present this research in class perhaps it isn't... but then again... it's not peer reviewed. Oh! And don't forget instrumentation... like the "Sexy Saxophone" or the "Death Trombone", and the base... the high tone... musical accoustics... (effect of music on the human body). Old black and white Silent film, Film noire, etc, Mickey Mouse, What's the name of that movie where they say "Stella!"? Obviously star trek and star wars (the major 6th interval)... etc... we must talk about intervals, music scale, minor and major, maybe even mixolidian. Again, we must have a musical reference. This will be VERRY DIFFICULT TO DO WITHOUT VIOLATING WP:OR... I can take a musical score and pinpoint 5/4, and a thematic idea... I can say it repeats for the developement of for example "Dark Vader"? ... Oh we also need to talk about Chinese movies (old and new) (we had a chinese exchange student do that one in class), Spanish movies "Hombres vs. that other term I forget"... That term for when 3 guitarist or 5 guitarist play a song under the window for a lady. etc... etc... --CyclePat 03:47, 18 January 2007 (UTC)
 * Other movies we saw where: Tomas Crown affair (the old one and new one)(study: music songs), the good old Hanibal Lector, (horror films)... So in summary... we need to think about the type of film and the musical aspect. Vertigo was an interesting movie. "The truck from..." (forget the name)... etc. --CyclePat 04:01, 18 January 2007 (UTC)

Proposeded Inclusions
Dimitri Shostakovitch, The Gadfly, Five Days, Five Nights (his Jazz Suite 2 included the well-known Waltz II)

Actually, Shostakovitch did several soundtracks, but they were not for terribly good films. We know the music but not the movies. Because he was a great composer one is tempted to list him, but one could argue that as he film composer he's fairly obscure. Gingermint (talk) 05:36, 28 September 2009 (UTC)

Suggested Solution
I believe the current state of this page is not up to Wikipedia's standards. I believe that cleaning it up, even if it is not with a perfect solution, is better than the actual Statu Quo. Thus, my suggestions are:

1/ Adding soundtracks to each name forces to make a subjective choice as which one is the most important, and clutters the page. I would simply remove them (the reader can always click on the name to get more information about this or that composer). 2/ Since I believe "notable" means current or past *masters of the craft*, who have or have had a long and succesful carreer in the field, and have, or have had, a clear recognition by their peers, the list needs to be considerably streamlined. 3/ The list also need to give a good overview of different periods, styles, and country of origin.

Following those three points, I suggest the following list:

John Barry, Elmer Bernstein, Danny Elfman, Jerry Goldsmith, Bernard Herrmann, Maurice Jarre, Erich Wolfgang Korngold, Michel Legrand, Henry Mancini, Giorgio Moroder, Ennio Morricone, James Horner, Alfred Newman, Thomas Newman, Basil Poledouris, Sergei Prokofiev, David Raksin, Nino Rota, Miklós Rozsa, Ryuichi Sakamoto, Lalo Schiffrin, Howard Shore, Alan Silvestri, Vangelis, Franz Waxman, John Williams, Hans Zimmer.

I would appreciate input of any sort. In the meantime, I believe we should remove the current list, which is unappropriate in many ways (clear presentation, pov, etc).

Hellgi 20:18, 5 April 2007 (UTC)

 * The problem I see here is that you include mostly composers that are already dead or past their productive peak. I think it is important to include more notable composers of the present (especially since avant-garde classical music is becoming more and more prominent in film scores), e. g. Elliot Goldenthal, Philip Glass, Don Davis, Mark Mancina, Tōru Takemitsu, Michael Nyman, Tan Dun... but this is also a subjective selection.

 * And why include Sergei Prokofiev and not Dmitri Shostakovitch? And what about Max Steiner or Dimitri Tiomkin? This is really getting complicated...

 * I would also go for a chronological listing (birth date?). An alphabetical listing does not provide any structure - it has no reason but itself...-- megA 20:59, 12 June 2007 (UTC)

 * Danny Elfman, James Horner, Thomas Newman, Howard Shore, and Hans Zimmer are far from being "past their productive peak". Moreover, as I mentioned earlier, this list is supposed to be of "notable" composers, so "current or past *masters of the craft*, who have or have had a long and succesful carreer in the field, AND have, or have had, a clear recognition by their peers."

 * My list wasn't supposed to be final, and I do agree Shostakovitch, Steiner and Tiomkin would be good inclusions to the list. I do also agree that the inclusion of Philip Glass and Toru Takemitsu is appropriate.

 * It seems to me that Elliot Goldenthal, Don Davis, Mark Mancina, Michael Nyman and Tan Dun have too few landmarks achievements or too short of a career in the film score realm to figure in that list. (This is not a personal statement; I do own more than one of these composers' scores myself). I believe one hit or a few good scores do not necessarily make you a "notable composer".

 * Regarding sorting, it could maybe be done first by country of origin and then by birth year?

Hellgi 21:06, 31 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Just to revive this debate. I do think it's a little arbitrary as far as inclusion/exclusion. Maybe the following:

1) Has won either an Oscar or Golden Globe OR

2) the combined total of their film grosses tops a certain amount (say a billion or so, researchable on Box Office Mojo) OR

3) Was a respected classical composer. We can probably agree on people like Shostakovich and Stravinsky)

Thoughts?

--FilmFan69 (talk) 07:31, 21 July 2008 (UTC)

Being new to this discussion, it appears this effort has been abandoned, shelved, or something other. Some names have been added from these discussions (Steiner, Tiomkin), but not others. And I note no mention of Aaron Copland, Ralph Vaughn-Williams, Malcolm Arnold, William Walton, Georges Auric, Cecil Parker, Arthur Bliss, Richard Rodney Bennett, Francis Chagrin, William Alwyn. . . all very respected in the field. Two of whom won Oscars, I might add. What is the current situation on this?--ADWNSW (talk) 08:44, 13 April 2009 (UTC)

I removed a bunch of names of people who were so magnificently obscure that they could not be listed seriously. I did not add Aaron Copland, Ralph Vaughn-Williams, Malcolm Arnold, William Walton, Arthur Bliss or Richard Rodney Bennett. Good idea to add them, though. Gingermint (talk) 05:41, 28 September 2009 (UTC)

I hve gone ahead and cleaned this section up... again. It seems that some people enjoy adding THEMSELVES to the list or add their friends or teachers. This is the sort of crap that continually gives Wikipedia a bad name. Gingermint (talk) 02:32, 28 November 2010 (UTC)

Classical music
Shouldn't there be a section on the use of classical music in movies on this page? Or does this already exist elsewhere?Lbark 20:35, 28 September 2006 (UTC)
 * Something more than Film score? --Quiddity 18:14, 26 October 2006 (UTC)

I removed the list of Classical music often used in movies, and added the customary link to the list of Film Soundtrack. We are talking here about music specifically written for movies, not written prior to that for another medium. I also moved the removed list to the Film Soundtracks page. Hellgi 20:29, 5 April 2007 (UTC)

Regarding classical music. At some points it mentions that film scores are usually based on Western classical music. This is wrong. It clearly has leitmotifs and the first sentence already mentions that it is incidental music. Thus it should say that film scores are based on Romantic music. The difference is significant enough and it should be changed for the better. Trickymaster, (2:24) May 14, 2011 (PT) —Preceding unsigned comment added by 76.212.176.89 (talk) 09:27, 14 May 2011 (UTC)

Dystopia
Dystopia has important element with film music.

Boom
Would you agree that film scores really began to grow and first became "epic" with the release of A New Hope, and the subsequent films in the Star Wars saga? 68.55.183.136 20:22, 10 April 2007 (UTC)
 * Isn't this an assumption? Have you got any proof for this? —  hippi ippi  ++++ 13:38, 28 April 2007 (UTC)

 * "Epic" film scores have existed as long as films have - their popularity was unquestionable in the early 20th century. However, this popularity sharply declined between the 60s-70s with the introduction of synthesizers and electronic music. Williams' score to Star Wars did make a huge impact on the film industry's perception of film scores and the music became popular in its own right, but this was more a rekindling of an "old" art than than a revolution in itself. I do, however, believe it's important to note the influence computers and technology had on film music, particularly in relation to composers Vangelis and Hans Zimmer.

 * To which I would add - this lamentable attempt at an encyclopedia article skews like far too much of Wikipedia to the living memories of some people too young to have developed much perspective on the range and depth of nearly any subject from popular culture.
 * While I would agree with hippi ippi that there was some decline in popularity toward the end of the 60s - and I think that you have to look to the pop-rock score of The Graduate and the bluegrass-roots oriented score of Bonnie and Clyde for part of the reason - record albums of music theme music were huge sellers in every era up until then - the album for Lawrence of Arabia was one of the top sellers of 1963, and the theme music from a film as late as Franco Zeffirelli's Romeo and Juliet saturated the airwaves in fifty different versions or as 1972's The Godfather could still be said to have attained a popularity and familiarity distinct from the films themselves. All Star Wars did was continue a well-developed trend with one of Williams' weakest and most derivative efforts - or hasn't anyone heard Korngold's landmark scores for The Adventures of Robin Hood or King's Row? Williams was doing musically the same completely unoriginal pastiche that Lucas himself was openly and admittedly doing in the films as tributes to the sci-fi episodic series like Flash Gordon and Buck Rogers that he grew up watching.

 * The article overall just spends far too much time with 1960s and later scores and does an unacceptably superficial job with the roots of the genre, emanating from the era of American film making in the 30s and 40s when the studios were releasing about three times as many films per year as they do today - each with a score, and many of them damn good. Sensei48 (talk) 07:10, 21 May 2008 (UTC)

 * Just as an example of how wrongheaded the Stars Wars comment above is - consider the top selling albums of 1961 according to Cash Box Magazine: . #s 1,2, 6, and 17 are film scores/movie music, as well as selections within many of the others in the top 50. In 1965 - - at the height of Beatlemania, the astounding fact is that four of the top five albums of the year are film scores, albeit 3 of those four from musical films. The list could go on, but QED.Sensei48 (talk) 08:27, 19 July 2008 (UTC)

second sentence
as an entirely ignorant and casual observer the second sentence (starting 'the term film score is frequently synonymous...') doesn't really pin down the difference between a score and a soundtrack. does the involvement of 'songs' render it a soundtrack not a film score? or is the distinction ambiguous? sorry my first contribution: not at all constructive! —Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.145.76.86 (talk) 23:48, 17 April 2008 (UTC)

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PAGE NAME: Film and television score
Should this article be merged with Television score and then moved/changed to Film and television score? Best O Fortuna (talk) 04:20, 27 July 2008 (UTC)

 * Agreed. --FilmFan69 (talk) 14:47, 27 July 2008 (UTC)

Chariots of fire
Someone should add play button for Chariots of fire to this article, I don't know how to do it. But it's such a great song. Kri (talk) 14:05, 30 August 2008 (UTC)

Movie Music UK
I added a link to my website, Movie Music UK in the links page at the bottom of the article. While I acknowledge that me doing so is, technically, a violation of WP:COI, I think the addition is fairly uncontroversial. Nevertheless, I would be grateful if another experienced editor would mind taking a quick look at the site and approving its addition. Many thanks. --JonBroxton (talk) 23:42, 21 January 2010 (UTC)

Production music - libraries
To my knowledge, the statement " virtually all music created for music libraries is done on a work for hire basis" may be incorrect. I only have some experience with seeing the terms of a few libraries, but the ones I have seen so far have terms more amenable to the composer (but no upfront payment). It may be that the majority of libraries, or the most used ones, are "work for hire," but this should be researched. At the very least, it seems like an overly broad statement.--Newbis (talk) 06:30, 8 February 2010 (UTC)

 * Agreed. Item tagged.--Kudpung (talk) 01:52, 24 June 2010 (UTC)

Cleaning up
This article has been tagged for a long time as needing  a major clean up,  with  little improvement. I've had a go, according to MOS, but  as I lack  the subject  knowledge I've placed inline tags to flag  some of the many  specific areas that  require improving  by  a film  score expert. I know this makes the article look  untidy, but  attention  now needs to be drawn to these items.--Kudpung (talk) 01:46, 24 June 2010 (UTC)

 * I just completed my university thesis on film scoring, so I'm hoping to tackle some of this, however I'm new to wikipedia so I will have to get my sea legs a little bit before I dive in for real. I made some edits to the history section as it was severely lacking and is still very disorganized for such a prominent page. Samthetoad (talk) 04:45, 24 July 2022 (UTC)

I appreciate the attention... but think you were, perhaps, too conservative. There is a great deal that should be fixed on this page. Again, though, your work is appreciated. Gingermint (talk) 02:34, 28 November 2010 (UTC)

Edits 1/23/11 - No POV
The article needs as noted a complete rewrite that is informed and historically accurate, not recentist as much of this is. To the point here - the composer list is entirely out of hand. I earlier removed the word "notable" from the section heading because no rationale was - or could be - provided for the names on the list that was not POV. Prior to this edit, it was a random list of composers that some editor or other liked - no objectivity, no absolute comprehensiveness, no NPOV. I have substituted for that list the Wikipedia list of Academy Award winners year by year for film score. That at least IS NPOV, regardless of what one thinks of the award. I deleted the section on soundtracks because there was no rationale at all for including any of those scores in any kind of list. Any re-introduction of any list to this article must adhere to the NPOV policy and offer substantiation and rationale. No time at the moment - but the ax falls on the non-orchestral soundtrack next. Sensei48 (talk) 20:07, 23 January 2011 (UTC)

 * So you just basically arbitrarily decided to remove links to dozens and dozens of some of film music's greatest practictioners, just because they never won a Best Score Oscar? Ennio Morricone, David Raksin, Jerry Fielding, Alex North, Jerry Fielding, Michael Kamen, Basil Poledouris, modern guys like Alexandre Desplat, Danny Elfman, Thomas Newman... but yet marginal guys like Santaolalla, Tan Dun, Herbie Hancock, Cong Su, whose contribution to film music was marginal at best, get a mention because they were lucky enough to be hot for a year? Talk about a wrong-headed move... --JonBroxton (talk) 19:56, 28 January 2011 (UTC)

 * No. I removed an excessively long, unvetted, unjustified, unsourced, indiscriminately expanded POV list. I replaced it with an NPOV list grounded in fact. I have no especially high regard for the AA winners, but until an editor or editors can come up with an NPOV rationale for including any composer's name on any kind of list, it's as close to "notable" as you're going to get. And you talk about marginal? Did you even bother to look at the list I replaced? Half the names there re-defined the concepts of "marginal" and "obscure." Sensei48 (talk) 23:32, 28 January 2011 (UTC)

 * Yep. I wrote it, based on my almost 20 years of experience as a film music journalist. I'll have a go at something more inclusive and grounded in NPOV later tonight. --JonBroxton (talk) 23:34, 28 January 2011 (UTC)

 * You may have written the original list, the much shorter one that existed a couple of years ago - and the names on that list would have been virtually impossible to argue with from any point of view or rationale. But you must then have seen how wildly out of control the list had veered - it had become a matter of editors adding virtually any composer whom they liked, regardless of distinction or notability. The issue was clearly the lack of rationale. If you can come up with an inclusive one, I'd be delighted to see it implemented and replace the AA list. Sensei48 (talk) 23:51, 28 January 2011 (UTC)

"background music"
O'k. But what about pieces that are part of the scene itself? Is it a different type than score? Or does score mean not only background but also those integral sound parts of the action sequence? If I'm not clear yet: there is music which is used in or composed for a film - which music is not a background heard only by watchers of the film but that one which is performed within the story itself - regardless of the watchers. It is obviously not background but inseparable and integral withing the story sequence itself. Examples? 1) When two characters talk to each other in a silent meadow and there's performed some "character theme" or piece of music representing the mood of the scene, it is background. 2) Otherwise, when it is a ball or some concert taking place during the sequence of the film, there's played some music (which may be purposely written or adopted) which is inseparable from the scene of the plot itself - and it is not background... So, does this article (or should it) encompass this other type which is not background or is there any other article on this other type of film music on Wikipedia? (In the first case we should elide what is now written in the first line of the lede here.) Josh, linguist (talk) 09:01, 9 March 2013 (UTC) I must add here that such non-background music may play full integrity with the other score, creating the mood and suspect, being organically interwoven withing the entire soundtrack etc. The Hunger Games delivers us such brilliant integrity: 1) "film from the capital", 2) Caesar show. So on. Josh, linguist (talk) 10:15, 9 March 2013 (UTC)
 * NB: There's no "Film music" (general) article on Wikipedia now: the search for Film music redirects for this very article now! Josh, linguist (talk) 09:07, 9 March 2013 (UTC)

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"needle dropped"? hyperlinks to "Diegesis"
I don't follow, what's needle dropped? 88.108.250.158 (talk) 12:16, 15 June 2019 (UTC)

Tagged for nearly 10 years for lacking sources ...
I see people have been worried about the poor state of this article from at least 2010, and it's been correctly tagged as needing citations (i.e., it's WP:OR) since 2013: its 10th anniversary of triumphant uncitedness is in July 2023, coming up shortly. I've trimmed a little of the most egregious listcruft, but actually the whole thing needs sourcing, rewriting, or chopping. Chiswick Chap (talk) 17:08, 19 December 2022 (UTC)

Image misidentification
I dunno if this is a big deal but the image is not a film score. It's either a television or web production score, given it's from an episode of Adam Ruins Everything.--Amelia-the-comic-geek (talk) 02:12, 5 January 2024 (UTC)

Wiki Education assignment: English 111 First-Semester College Composition
— Assignment last updated by Lincol7 (talk) 13:20, 25 April 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Film score


text:
Kaiser Wilhelm (baseball)

Irvin Key' "Kaiser" Wilhelm (January 26, 1874 – May 22, 1936) was an American pitcher and manager in Major League Baseball. Between 1903 and 1914, he moved between the major and minor leagues several times. He played with the Pittsburgh Pirates, Boston Beaneaters, Brooklyn Superbas and Baltimore Terrapins. After 1914, Wilhelm spent time as a player, manager and scout for the minor leagues. In 1921, he became the manager for the Philadelphia Phillies and pitched in four games for the team.

Wilhelm held the minor league baseball pitching record for consecutive scoreless innings for 97 years, but was not recognized as the record holder by baseball officials until 2004. Baseball officials declared Wilhelm the record holder a few days before Brad Thompson was thought to have broken the record. Two days after Wilhelm's streak was thought to have been broken, The New York Times reported a historian found three scoreless innings which were previously left off Wilhelm's streak, indicating his record had not actually been broken. Wilhelm is still the current record holder.

Early life
Wilhelm was born in Wooster, Ohio, to Joseph H. and Celia P. DeMiller Wilhelm. His father had found work as a painter, blacksmith and house decorator. Wilhelm attended Wooster High School; the school did not have a baseball team. He entered professional baseball in 1895 with the Mansfield Kids.

Career
While pitching for the Birmingham Barons in 1902, Wilhelm threw back-to-back one-hit games. This attracted the attention of Pittsburgh Pirates owner Barney Dreyfuss, who invited Wilhelm to spring training with the Pirates in 1903. Wilhelm appeared in 12 games that year for the Pirates, finishing with a 5–3 win–loss record. He played with the Boston Beaneaters in the next two seasons. In 1904, Wilhelm earned a 14–20 record and gave up a league-high 118 earned runs. The next year he gave up 122 earned runs, second highest in the league, and finished with a 3–23 record. Wilhelm became commonly known as "Kaiser" during his career, a nickname which originated from the early 20th century German emperor Wilhelm II.

Playing with the Barons in 1906, Wilhelm pitched the team's first perfect game since its founding in 1884. The 1906 Barons won the team's first title since joining the Southern Association in 1901. His record that year was 22–13. He had similar success the following year, finishing 23–14. Wilhelm returned to the major leagues with the Brooklyn Superbas from 1908 to 1910. His most notable game from that period may have been a three-hit, thirteen-inning win on Opening Day 1909; opposing pitcher Red Ames had a no-hitter going into the tenth inning. In his three seasons with Brooklyn, he registered a 22–42 record.

Wilhelm was back in the minor leagues with Rochester in 1911. In three seasons with Rochester, he won 48 games and lost 24 games. Before the 1914 baseball season, Wilhelm was signed by the Baltimore Terrapins of the Federal League (FL). In 1915, the new Colonial League emerged with backing from the FL. An agreement between the leagues provided each Colonial League team with six FL players; the FL received $200 per month for each player sent to the new league. When ordered to the new league by FL officials, Wilhelm refused to report. Instead, he was made an FL umpire.

In 1916, Wilhelm sued the Terrapins on the grounds he had signed a three-year contract in 1914 worth $10,500 and was not allowed to continue with the team after July 1, 1915. Wilhelm spent the 1916 and 1917 seasons with the Elmira Colonels of the New York State League. In those two seasons, he finished 14–19 and 17–16 respectively. Wilhelm pitched for the Jersey City Skeeters of the International League in 1920. That year he was the winning pitcher of both games of a doubleheader, leading the team to 7–3 and 10–0 wins.

Wilhelm became manager of the Philadelphia Phillies during the 1921 season. In early September, The New York Times criticized Wilhelm's team after losing both games of a doubleheader, saying that "Every day is Labor Day for the Phillies... The Quakers were in perfect stride during both contests and demonstrated they can lose as easily and dexterously on a holiday as on any other occasion." Wilhelm had become the interim manager earlier in the season after Wild Bill Donovan was called as a witness in the trial surrounding the Black Sox Scandal. Wilhelm was discharged from his position in late 1922. Wilhelm's managerial record was 83–137 in Philadelphia, which included 96 losses in 1922.

In 1923, Wilhelm made his final professional appearance as a player, taking part in a single game with the Rochester Tribe. In the summer of 1928, Wilhelm took a position as scout for the Montreal Royals. Wilhelm died in 1936 and a benefit minor league game was held in Rochester to assist his widow.

Scoreless innings streak
While playing in the minor leagues in 1907, Wilhelm pitched a long streak of consecutive innings without giving up a run. In May 2004, pitcher Brad Thompson was approaching the minor league record for this statistical category, by this time thought by the National Association of Professional Baseball Leagues (NAPBL) to belong to Urban Shocker. Shocker threw 54 consecutive scoreless innings in 1916. A May 16 Associated Press article said the NAPBL took a further look at its records and recognized Wilhelm held the record, having thrown 56 consecutive scoreless innings in 1907. On May 19, 2004, Thompson took his streak to 57 innings before he gave up a run.

Two days after Thompson was thought to have broken the record, The New York Times published an article indicating three innings had been previously left off Wilhelm's scoreless innings streak, meaning Wilhelm should still hold the record for the longest such streak in the minor leagues—59 innings. The omitted innings had been discovered by Dave Chase, who was a baseball historian and a minor league general manager for the Memphis Redbirds. Baseball researcher Ray Nemec later found Wilhelm had come up to the major leagues with his streak intact, then returned to the minor leagues in 1911 and pitched 13 more consecutive scoreless innings. This took Wilhelm's minor league consecutive scoreless innings streak to 72.

According to research by Walter Johnson's biographer, the actual record should be 77, from Johnson's 1907 season with the Weiser Kids of the Idaho State League.

title: Kaiser Wilhelm (baseball)


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Cubs-Astros Pitching Derby

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete. – ABCD✉ 23:41, 3 August 2005 (UTC)

Cubs-Astros Pitching Derby
Delete. Nonexistant. Delete. The game where Kerry Wood tied the single-game strikeout record against Houston was awesome, but I'm a life-long Astros fan and I can't honestly say there's any real rivalry between Houston and the Cubbies, especially not under that particular name. Fernando Rizo T/C 17:28, 26 July 2005 (UTC)
 * I looked up the exact phrase "Cubs-Astros Pitching Derby" on Google and Dogpile. I only found its creation on Wikipedia and a Wikipedia "mirror." There is no such rivalry, not at least with this name. Win777 15:40, 26 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Hoaxter-ism. I'm gonna trust Mr. Rizo on this one. Hamster Sandwich 17:37, 26 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, Non existant rivalry.Gateman1997 17:51, 26 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Mmmbeer 21:04, 26 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete hoax. -- Etacar11   00:37, 27 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete hoax. JamesBurns 09:27, 27 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, not a significant rivalry. --Idont Havaname 18:36, 27 July 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text: Template:WWIIBritishSoftVeh

title: Template:WWIIBritishSoftVeh


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UTC+02:00

UTC+02:00 is an identifier for a time offset from UTC of +02:00. In ISO 8601, the associated time would be written as 2020-11-08T23:41:45+02:00.

As standard time (year-round)
Principal cities: Cairo, Pretoria, Cape Town, Johannesburg, Durban, Port Elizabeth, Khartoum, Lubumbashi, Kigali, Gaborone, Bujumbura, Manzini, Maseru, Tripoli, Lilongwe, Maputo, Windhoek, Omdurman, Juba, Lusaka, Harare, Kaliningrad

Africa

 * Egypt

Central Africa

 * Botswana
 * Burundi
 * Democratic Republic of the Congo
 * The provinces of Bas-Uele, Haut-Katanga, Haut-Lomami, Haut-Uele, Kasaï, Kasaï Occidental, Kasaï Oriental, Katanga, Lomani, Lualaba, Maniema, Nord-Kivu, Orientale, Sankuru, Sud-Kivu, Tanganyika, Tshopo, and Ituri Interim Administration
 * Eswatini
 * Lesotho
 * Libya
 * Malawi
 * Mozambique
 * Namibia
 * Rwanda
 * South Africa (except Prince Edward Islands)
 * South Sudan
 * Sudan
 * Zambia
 * Zimbabwe

Europe

 * Russia
 * Northwestern Federal District
 * Kaliningrad Oblast

As standard time (Northern Hemisphere winter only)
Principal cities: Athens, Thessaloniki, Nicosia, North Nicosia, Helsinki, Turku, Mariehamn, Kyiv, Bucharest, Jerusalem, Tallinn, Sofia, Riga, Vilnius, Chisinau, Tiraspol, Lviv, Dnipro, Luhansk, Donetsk, Odesa, Kaunas, Klaipeda

Eastern Europe
Most countries observe European Union rule to remove DST.
 * Bulgaria
 * Cyprus
 * Northern Cyprus
 * Estonia
 * Finland
 * Åland
 * Greece
 * Latvia
 * Lithuania
 * Moldova
 * Romania
 * Ukraine
 * Except Crimea (occupied by Russia), part of Donetsk and Luhansk regions
 * United Kingdom
 * Akrotiri and Dhekelia

Middle East
Principal cities: Jerusalem, Beirut, Tel Aviv, Gaza, Bethlehem
 * Israel
 * Lebanon
 * Palestine

Europe
Principal cities: Berlin, Frankfurt, Munich, Hamburg, Cologne, Düsseldorf, Stuttgart, Leipzig, Dortmund, Essen, Bremen, Hanover, Mainz, Rome, Milan, Naples, Venice, Florence, Palermo, Turin, Genoa, Vatican City, San Marino, Paris, Marseille, Bordeaux, Nantes, Lyon, Lille, Montpellier, Toulouse, Strasbourg, Nice, Monaco, Madrid, Barcelona, Valencia, Seville, Málaga, Bilbao, Andorra, Vienna, Salzburg, Innsbruck, Zürich, Geneva, Bern, Brussels, Antwerp, Amsterdam, Rotterdam, Luxembourg, Valletta, Copenhagen, Stockholm, Oslo, Warsaw, Prague, Zagreb, Budapest, Tirana, Sarajevo, Pristina, Podgorica, Skopje, Belgrade, Bratislava, Ljubljana
 * Albania
 * Andorra
 * Austria
 * Belgium
 * Bosnia and Herzegovina
 * Croatia
 * Czech Republic
 * Denmark
 * France
 * Germany
 * Gibraltar (British Overseas Territory)
 * Hungary
 * Italy
 * Kosovo
 * Liechtenstein
 * Luxembourg
 * Malta
 * Monaco
 * Montenegro
 * Netherlands
 * North Macedonia
 * Norway (including Svalbard and Jan Mayen)
 * Poland
 * San Marino
 * Serbia
 * Slovakia
 * Slovenia
 * Spain (Excluding Canary Islands)
 * Sweden
 * Switzerland
 * Vatican City

Areas in UTC+02:00 longitudes using other time zones
Using UTC+03:00:
 * Tanzania
 * The western part, including Mwanza and Mbeya
 * Uganda
 * Kenya
 * The western part, including nation's capital Nairobi
 * Ethiopia
 * The western part, including Nekemte and Jimma
 * Saudi Arabia
 * The northwesternmost part, including Tabuk
 * Turkey
 * Most part in the country, including Istanbul
 * Ukraine
 * Part of Donetsk and Luhansk regions
 * Belarus
 * Russia
 * The western part, including Saint Petersburg, half of Moscow and Crimea

Using UTC+01:00:
 * North Macedonia (standard time)
 * The easternmost part, including Novo Selo and Berovo
 * Serbia (standard time)
 * The very easternmost part, including Pirot
 * Hungary (standard time)
 * The northeasternmost part of Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg
 * Slovakia (standard time)
 * The easternmost part of Prešov Region
 * Poland (standard time)
 * The easternmost part, including Białystok
 * Norway (standard time)
 * Most part of Finnmark
 * The easternmost part of Svalbard
 * Chad
 * The westernmost part of Ennedi-Est, including Amdjarass
 * Democratic Republic of the Congo
 * The easternmost part of its provinces:
 * Nord-Ubangi
 * Mongala
 * Tshuapa
 * Kasaï Province
 * Angola
 * The westernmost part of Moxico Province
 * Central African Republic
 * Haut-Mbomou
 * The western part of its prefectures:
 * Mbomou
 * Haute-Kotto
 * Vakaga

Areas between 7°30' E and 22°30' E ("physical" UTC+01:00)
From south to north:
 * South Africa
 * The westernmost part, including Cape Town
 * Botswana
 * The western part of the districts:
 * Kgalagadi
 * Ghanzi
 * Ngamiland
 * Democratic Republic of the Congo
 * The very westernmost part of Lualaba Province, Kasaï-Central and Sankuru
 * Libya
 * The most part in the country, where the nation's capital Tripoli is
 * Greece (standard time)
 * The western part, including Patras and Ioanina
 * Romania (standard time)
 * The westernmost part, including Timişoara
 * Russia
 * Kaliningrad Oblast
 * Lithuania (standard time)
 * The westernmost part, including Klaipėda
 * Latvia (standard time)
 * The westernmost part, including Liepāja
 * Estonia (standard time)
 * The westernmost parts of the Saare and Hiiu counties.
 * Finland (standard time)
 * The westernmost part, including Turku

title: UTC+02:00