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Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/Wikipedia:Wikipedian citizens of the world

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was KEEP. Postdlf 01:56, 20 July 2005 (UTC)

Wikipedian citizens of the world
In the VFD discussion on Wikipedian supporters of the sovereign nation-state it has been noted that that article was created as a riposte to this one, which is just as objectionable. I agree: it's an organisation of Wikipedians by POV which can cause no end of problems. There is no such legal concept as a 'citizen of the world' at present. David | Talk 09:02, 12 July 2005 (UTC)

 * See also the related VfD entry, Wikipedian supporters of the sovereign nation-state

Votes
Speedy Keep Although this is not my POV, what applies on the article namespace does not apply on the Wikipedia namespace. Also vote to keep Votes for deletion/Wikipedian supporters of the sovereign nation-state. Cognition 09:05, 12 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete as per David. Benna 09:25, 12 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Weak keep. I dunno, I'm not on the list, but I guess I'm basically a citizen of the world too. :-) It's a specific concept or state of mind, not so much a POV, rather more of a specific NPOV-ish stance. It appears to be a common feeling among expatriate-type-people. Anyway, the list is in the wikipedia namespace, where this sort of list might reside. It might be a bit dusty though! So if this list gets deleted, then I wouldn't support doing so for the reasons given by nominator above at least. Kim Bruning 10:25, 12 July 2005 (UTC)
 * I actually dispute that it's an NPOV stance. Wikipedians by nationality is reasonable because your nationality is a fact, but this is different: it's an assertion of lack of interest in nationality, which is a POV. David | Talk 10:31, 12 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Being "agnostic" about nationality is a POV? Okay, that's definately an interesting way of looking at it. Maybe better to continue on my user talk? :-) Kim Bruning 10:42, 12 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete, tosh james gibbon  14:26, 12 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Weak keep. Nationalism is a POV, anti-nationalism is a POV. I'm an anti-nationalist. Transnationalism seems to touch on this to some extent. Zora 10:43, 12 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Nationalism is indeed a POV, but Nationality isn't. There's a fundamental difference between being a British national and being a British nationalist. David | Talk 11:36, 12 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Strong Keep - one reserves the right to declare that he or she does not recognise being part of a nationality, and to associate themselves as such. -- Natalinasmpf 10:49, 12 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Indeed they do, but it is a POV, isn't it? David | Talk 11:36, 12 July 2005 (UTC)
 * No it is not. A person can think whatever he or she likes and not have not have that declaration labelled as POV. The thought itself can be POV, but the declaration isn't. -- Natalinasmpf 12:09, 12 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Would not that line of argument allow any classification scheme - eg Wikipedians who have declared they are anti-semitic? That's an NPOV declaration of a POV stance. David | Talk 13:39, 12 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Except being anti-semetic is particularly exclusive. "Citizen of the world" is the opposite, and being inclusive. The idea behind anti-nationalism is to refuse judging others by something as "belonging" to some intangible political boundary thought up by power-mongerers. -- Natalinasmpf 15:00, 12 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Actually, I suspect anti-Semites are perfectly willing to allow anyone, including Semitic peoples to be anti-Semitic, so the statement that "Citizen of the world" is more inclusive than other labels is a holier than thou kind of statement. --Habap 16:20, 12 July 2005 (UTC)
 * So a statement declaring my belief exists is NPOV only when I'm saying something nice?   Or did I miss something? But who cares if it is POV or not, it's taking up disk space.  And the time we're spending here voting we could be adding Digimon stubs.  brenneman (t) (c)  15:50, 12 July 2005 (UTC)
 * I have to agree with the above that, if one allows a group that self-identifies as rejecting powermongers (and I do), one should also allow a group for those who embrace powermongers. This latter group is numerous; though I am not one, there are non-frivilous arguments in support of that position.  Xoloz 06:15, 13 July 2005 (UTC)
 * I don't think this is in the same vein as the other vfd debate that it has been linked to but I'm still going to say weak delete: it's not as POV as the other one, but it is still POV. -- Francs2000 | Talk [[Image:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg|25px| ]] 11:32, 12 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep - I agree with Natalinasmpf. -- Jehoshaphat 12:58, July 12, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep - I agree with Natalinasmpf. -- Oldak Quill 13:25, 12 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep - I agree with Natalinasmpf. -- Tkorrovi 13:26, 12 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Rename to Wikipedia Micronation official citizens, and declare independence. Radiant_ >|< 13:44, July 12, 2005 (UTC)
 * Oi! Behave! :-) Kim Bruning 14:06, 12 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. — Trilobite (Talk) 14:05, 12 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Privileging legal status (i.e. nationality), at the expense of other nodes of self-identification, is itself a highly contentious POV. Anyway, world citizen is as inclusive and NPOV a POV as you can hope to find. Besides, who says we can't have organizations of Wikipedians by POV? There's a group for Muslim Wikipedians, if I'm not mistaken. Quartier Latin   1968  14:22, 12 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. This is a related VFD to the one for Wikipedian supporters of the sovereign nation-state. Kaibabsquirrel 14:57, 12 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, I agree with QuartierLatin1968. - ulayiti 15:30, 12 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Shouldn't we all be writing articles or something? brenneman (t) (c)  15:50, 12 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Strong Keep: This article is very important to every Wikipedian. I don't see any reason to delete it. -- Ed Telerionus 15:54, 12 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Weak Keep If people want it, it seems to do no harm. --Habap 16:20, 12 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Strong Keep How is it POV? If they sign it themselves, then it is an accurate reflection of how they wish to be seen.     19:32, 12 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep or delete everything in "Category:Wikipedians by country". Otherwise you're pushing a POV. Sarge Baldy 19:34, July 12, 2005 (UTC)
 * Sorry, where I live is pretty clearly NPOV. What I think about where I live is not. Which, again, is hardly the point.   brenneman (t) (c)  01:10, 13 July 2005 (UTC)
 * What you seem unaccepting of is the idea that people might choose to identify with a place they do not live, or choose not to identify with where they do. In fact, this happens quite often. Consider, for example, the many Mexican immigrants who choose not to associate with the United States, or Americans who choose to live overseas and yet continue to consider themselves Americans. To say that people can only associate with the country they are legally tied to, the country they are born in, or the country they currently live in is POV because it is to say that people do not have the right to refuse an association with a political entity. Since these lists are voluntary, it should more than anything be at the discretion of the user what that user wishes to describe her or himself as, and would be POV to force onto others ones own concept of nationality. Sarge Baldy 03:20, July 13, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete - Agree with Kaibabsquirrel --Bletch 20:32, 12 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, as unfortunately there is no world state yet. Therefore the term is either meaningless or an association of those who support the POV that there should be a world state. I don't believe a POV should be confused with a religious belief. One can have POV Rastafarian or Muslim beliefs but being a Rasta or a Muslim is not itself a POV belief, and not all Rastas or Muslims believe the same thing, SqueakBox 23:01, July 12, 2005 (UTC)
 * I agree, and that's precisely why this article should be kept. A religious belief is a POV as much as any other belief. However, the fact that someone is a Muslim is not POV - it's a fact. The same thing goes for 'world citizens': declaring that you hold a certain belief is not POV, it's merely a statement of a fact (which may of course be incorrect, but only in the case you knowingly lie about it). There not being any world state is irrelevant, as having one is not a requirement for an ideology saying that there should be one (but rather on the contrary). Internationalism is an ideology just like any other one (including any religion), and I don't see why religions should be treated any differently. ulayiti 20:43, 15 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep per Kim Bruning and Sarge Baldy. StopTheFiling 23:17, July 12, 2005 (UTC)
 * Weak Keep As I said before, I fear the day that "Neo-Fascist Wikipedians" becomes a group, because my internal ACLU Devil's advocate would demand we accept all real groups or none. Still, this is a tempest in a teapot for now. Xoloz 04:03, 13 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, although if it's kept I should add myself. Not a benefit to the community. We need a general policy, though.-- Visviva 04:18, 13 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Extreme Keep. utcursch | talk 09:28, July 14, 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete I don't see how this relates to Wikipedia as a community. Friday 19:24, 14 July 2005 (UTC)
 * It relates strongly indeed. It is simple as me and you here. Nobody knows exactly which citizenship we got; we may have 5 in total between you and me! We may be speaking 10 languages in total as well! But we surely are wikipedians. And Wikipedians can be people who like to spend 2 hours daily in a bathroom or only 15 minutes there. I am just a Wikipedian citizen of the world who likes to spend 30 minutes. Wikipedia is a free space for everybody, no matter from where she/he comes from as long as we abide by wikipedia rules and there's no reason to apply censorship against people who decide to identify themselves with a community of citizens of the world within this platform. I don't have a pet and if i did I'd have been in Wikipedians by pet. I am not NEW neither OLD to be part of Wikipedians New Europe or Wikipedians Old Europe. --Svest 00:56, May 21, 2005 (UTC) Wiki me up™

 * Keep. Almafeta 07:47, 15 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Strong keep --Pgreenfinch 19:42, 15 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Strong keep. I heard some arguments above that declaring you're a citizen of the world is a POV!!! The real POV is that everybody on this earth is labelled a citizen of a coutry at birth. The only human (why not say animal, mammal or homosapien?!) being recorded to have expressed why? before being 3 years old was a girl aged 2 and some. Who decides the citizenship?

 * The concept of being a citizen of the world is not something new, it's been around for more than a few centuries and surely much older in late civilizations before any concept of modern state was thought about!!! It's definitely not a creation of some of wikipedia's POV's pushers as we might believe.

 * We declare we are blacks, whites, Asians, Latinos... Are they POV's? Never. Following the reasoning of David, there's no such legal concept as a 'Latino' at present neither in the future unless there'd be a Latinoland in the UN and in the Soccer WorldCup competitions. Morever, Some people are named Citizen of the World by the United Nations and many others for their humanitarian efforts . If so, that should be encyclopedic and we should have a UNCA Citizen of the World Award. Therefore, this page we put on VFD should remain for the same reasons.

 * And I believe we all know about Bobby Fischer's story. Bobby_Fischer... After being held in jail in Japan for several months he was rescued by an Icelandic team including his friend Saemi Rokk (famous Icelandic policeman and a rock and roll dancer). As of 2005 Fischer lives in Iceland and has an Icelandic citizenship. So, is he American, Icelandic or a COW?

 * When I’m reporting, I am a Citizen of the World. -- CNN's Bob Franken.

 * When I'm bothering you here, I am a Citizen of the World. -- Svest 00:56, May 21, 2005 (UTC) Wiki me up™, It's me, the citizen of the world

Comments

 * This discussion seems to revolve around the neutrality/lack thereof of this article. While we seem to have some, um, interesting views on that, isn't the bar for inclusion in this namespace "Of benefit to the community?" My intention with creating this section is for it to be used to discuss that as opposed to the POV status of this article.  brenneman (t) (c)  01:10, 13 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Indeed the question is the benefit to the community. In my view it's not a benefit to the community to allow people who share a particular POV (and however much I may agree with that POV myself) to form an 'association'. It simply invites them to try to put their POV on articles. It is acceptable to have 'noticeboards' for people interested in a topic to be alerted to disputes etc., because the noticeboard can be used by those with any POV. Note that my dislike for this sort of classification does not extent to Meta where Wikipedians can and do gather by POV. David | Talk 10:10, 13 July 2005 (UTC)
 * I'm not sure why it should be any more acceptable on Meta than here, but otherwise I fully agree with that sentiment. It would be a Good Thing if we had a general policy for groups with shared topical interests, and against groups of the present sort.   Political groups will form regardless, but they should not be given the sanction of Wikipedia namespace.  -- Visviva 12:08, 13 July 2005 (UTC)
 * I look at pages like this, and I do not see how Wikipedia benefits. This page is a mere "Sign here if you have this particular POV"; there is nothing this page that talks about a course of action or how to otherwise improve Wikipedia, unlike the more conventional Wikiprojects page. I'd favor a policy deleteing pages like this unless they provided a charter of some sort that stated why the project is necessary.  I'm fuzzy on the details, but such a charter would have to be more than having a signup page.  --Bletch 12:52, 13 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Per Squeakbox's comment, who said anything about a world state? Why are we not allowed to believe in the world just because there's no State authorizing us to do so? Per Bletch and David's comments, I do agree in part, I'm not sure what tangible benefits a group like this gives Wikipedia, except that people might meet fellow Wikipedians here with shared interests and agree to collaborate on some kind of project. How often that happens in fact, I don't know; but for the time being, what's the harm? Look, we are all Wikipedians; by virtue of being here we're committed to collaborating on an encyclopedia from a NPOV. I might hook up with a couple fellow 'world citizens' here and decide there need to be more pages on, I dunno, world literacy. Whatever we do collaborate on together is still going to be subject to the same scrutiny as if we had contributed separately. I don't see what people are panicked about. Quartier Latin   1968  17:53, 13 July 2005 (UTC)

 * While on the surface this seems trivial, it is worth noting that (Keep/Delete) tally for the "nice" POV article is at my count 16-7 while the "unpalatable" one is running at 3-14. I know this is not a vote, but that is disturbing to me.  brenneman (t) (c)  00:01, 14 July 2005 (UTC)
 * That's because the "unpalatable" one is fictional. While I love my country, I would never classify myself on the "unpalatable" one. It was probably created to demostrate balance, when in fact, it is only nonsense. I find the holier than thou tone of the "nice" people "unpalatable". --Habap 13:45, 14 July 2005 (UTC)
 * The "unpalatable" one was not added in an attempt to make balance, it was a sincere creation that makes perfect sense if one follows the politics of the LaRouche Movement. --Bletch 16:54, 14 July 2005 (UTC)

How so? (genuinely curious) SqueakBox 16:56, July 14, 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


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Reverse video

Reverse video (or invert video or inverse video or reverse screen) is a computer display technique whereby the background and text color values are inverted. On older computers, displays were usually designed to display text on a black background by default. For emphasis, the color scheme was swapped to bright background with dark text. Nowadays the two tend to be switched, since most computers today default to white as a background color. The opposite of reverse video is known as true video.

Video is usually reversed by inverting the brightness values of the pixels of the involved region of the display. If there are 256 levels of brightness, encoded as 0 to 255, the 255 value becomes 0 and vice versa. A value of 1 becomes 254, 2 of 253, and so on: n is swapped for r - n, for r levels of brightness. This is occasionally called a ones' complement. If the source image is of middle brightness, reverse video can be difficult to see, 127 becomes 128 for example, which is only one level of brightness different. The computer displays where it was most commonly used were monochrome and only displayed two values so this issue seldom arose.

Reverse video is commonly used in software programs as a visual aid to highlight a selection that has been made as an aid in preventing description errors, where an intended action is performed on an object that is not the one intended. It is more common in modern desktop environments to change the background to other colors such as blue, or to use a semi-transparent background to "highlight" the selected text.

On a terminal understanding ANSI escape sequences, the reverse video function is activated using the escape sequence CSI 7 m (which equals SGR 7).

Accessibility
Reverse video is also sometimes used for accessibility reasons. When most computer displays were light-on-dark, it was found that users looking back and forth between a white paper and dark screen would experience eyestrain due to their pupils constantly dilating and contracting. Flicker was also an issue with early white-background displays. Today, people with visual impairments such as ocular toxocariasis may find it less tiring to the eyes to work with a predominantly black screen, since modern operating systems usually display a lot of white in a normal use. For the same, white-dominant reason, reverse video is an efficient way to read or write text in a dark environment, since the darkness of the screen may blend into the darkness of the environment.

A number of operating systems, graphical programs, and websites offer dark modes, which serves a similar purpose as what was originally true video and is now reverse video in modern systems.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Reverse video


text:
Skerryvore

Skerryvore (from the Gaelic An Sgeir Mhòr meaning "The Great Skerry") is a remote island that lies off the west coast of Scotland, 11 nmi southwest of Tiree. Skerryvore Lighthouse is located on these rocks, built with some difficulty between 1838 and 1844 by Alan Stevenson.

At a height of 156 ft it is the tallest lighthouse in Scotland. The shore station was at Hynish on Tiree (which now houses the Skerryvore Lighthouse Museum); operations were later transferred to Erraid, west of Mull. The remoteness of the location led to the keepers receiving additional payments in kind. The light shone without a break from 1844 until a fire in 1954 shut down operations for five years. The lighthouse was automated in 1994.

Geology
In pre-historic times the rocks that now form Skerryvore were covered by the ice sheets that spread from Scotland out into the Atlantic Ocean beyond the Outer Hebrides. After the last retreat of the ice around 20,000 years ago, sea levels were up to 400 ft lower than at present. Although the isostatic rise of land makes estimating post-glacial coastlines a complex task, circa 14,000 BP it is likely that the reef was at the south western end of a large island consisting of the modern islands of Tiree and Coll and the surrounding land.

Steadily rising sea levels would then have slowly isolated and finally all but submerged the shoals of Skerryvore, a barrier of innumerable metamorphic remnants that stretch for 8 mi lying in a south-westerly direction. A detailed survey undertaken in 1834 listed more than 130 main rocks including Am Bonn Sligheach (Boinshley) (The Deceitful Bottom) and Am Bogha Ruadh (The Red Submerged Rock).

The rocks have been worn smooth by the action of the waves and are constantly affected by spray. Alan Stevenson wrote: "The effect of the jet d'eau was at times extremely beautiful, the water being so broken as to form a snow-white and opaque pillar, surrounded by a fine vapour in which, during sunshine, beautiful rainbows were observed ".

It is an isolated outpost of the Inner Hebrides archipelago composed of Lewisian gneiss, formed in the Precambrian eon, these rocks being amongst the most ancient rocks in Europe. A further hazard to shipping is a magnetic anomaly in the area.

Surveys
Between 1790 and 1844 more than thirty ships were known to have been wrecked in the area. Robert Stevenson, chief engineer of the Northern Lighthouse Board (NLB) landed on the reef in 1804 and reported on the need for a beacon of some kind there. In 1814 he returned in the company of Sir Walter Scott and a party of NLB Commissioners. Scott wrote: "Quiet perseverance on the part of Mr S, and great kicking, bouncing and squabbling upon that of the yacht, who seems to like the idea of Skerry Vhor as little as the Commissioners. At length, by dint of exertion, come in sight of this long ridge of rocks (chiefly under water), on which the tide breaks in a most tremendous style. There appear a few low broad rocks at one end of the reef, which is about a mile in length. These are never entirely under water though the surf dashes over them.... It will be a most desolate position for a lighthouse, the Bell Rock and Eddystone a joke to it, for the nearest land is the wild island of Tyree, at 14 miles distance. So much for Skerry Vhor."

Later that year an Act of Parliament was passed enabling construction of a lighthouse, yet despite pleas for a light arriving almost weekly at the NLB, events proceeded only slowly. It was not until 1834 that Robert Stevenson returned in the company of his son Alan. A painstaking survey made it clear that there was little choice for a location. The single largest area was a rock that measured only 280 sqft at low tide. Readings for wave pressure indicated that any tower would have to withstand forces of 6,000 lb/sqft. There were suggestions that a tower of cast iron or bronze might be sufficient, but Stevenson senior wrote that "no pecuniary consideration could in my opinion have justified the adoption of an iron lighthouse for Skerryvore." On more than one occasion the surveyors had to warn passing vessels of the danger. A ship from Newcastle, whose charts showed only the main rock some miles away, was boarded near Bo Ruadh. The Master, oblivious to the dangers, was found lying at ease smoking a pipe with his wife beside him knitting stockings.

Still the Commissioners prevaricated, daunted by the potential costs, estimated by Robert Stevenson at £63,000. They set up a special Skerryvore Committee, whose members decided to visit the site by steamer to see for themselves. Just off Skerryvore a fire broke out in the boiler room crippling the ship. It was extinguished and no harm was done, but the experience may have been persuasive.

Alan Stevenson was duly appointed as the engineer for the project aged only 30. He designed a tower 156 ft high with a base of 42 ft, narrowing to just 16 ft at the lantern gallery. The lowest sections would be solid, although at 26 ft feet high they were less than half the height of the base of the later light at nearby Dubh Artach. Nonetheless, the structure would weigh 4308 LT and the volume of the base would be more than 4 times larger than the entire structure of the Eddystone light and twice that of the Bell Rock. With 151 steps to the top it would be the tallest and heaviest lighthouse yet built anywhere in the modern world, and today it is still one of the tallest lighthouse in the United Kingdom.

Shore station
Hynish on Tiree was the initial shore station and construction site. Located on the south west corner of Tiree, its proximity to Skerryvore and the resulting abundance of bounty from the wrecks, led to rentals being higher here and on the rest of the west coast than elsewhere on the island. Work on the new facilities began in 1837; granite blocks were quarried from Mull and brought to the village to be cut and shaped before being shipped out to the reef. Several cottages for the keepers were built in 1844 from the same stone as well as a massive pier and a tall granite tower to enable signalling to and from Skerryvore itself. Stevenson remarked that the hive of activity there contrasted with the "desolation and misery" he imagined to be the lot of the surrounding population.

Barrack and foundation
In 1838 £15,000 in wages alone was spent on constructing a 150-ton steamer in Leith to ferry workers and materials out to the reef. The difficulties should not be underestimated. Although Skerryvore is a dozen miles (19 km) from Hynish it is 50 mi from the mainland. The first work to be undertaken on Skerryvore itself was the construction of a six-legged frame on top of which a wooden barrack to house 40 men was placed. The building was created in Gourock before being dismantled and re-built on site.

Initial work began on the rock on 7 August 1838. Stevenson and 21 workmen arrived on board the sailing vessel Pharos and began to unload the barrack, whose massive legs were set into holes blasted out of the rock. After only two days the site had to be abandoned as a storm swept in from the Atlantic. It was a further six days before they could resume the punishing schedule of 16 hours a day work between 4 am and 8 pm. Fearing sea sickness, many of the man preferred to attempt to sleep on the damp rocks than on the ever-rolling Pharos.

Work for the season lasted only until 11 September, by which time the barrack legs had been secured although not the main structure. Less than two months later Stevenson received a letter from the storekeeper at Hynish, Mr. Hogben. It began: "Dear Sir, I am extremely sorry to inform you that the barrack erected on Skerryvore Rock has totally disappeared." The structure had been destroyed during a gale on 3 November and four months effort had been wasted. Stevenson hired a boat to take him out to inspect the damage the same day he received this news. Firm in his self-belief, he resolved to build a stronger but otherwise identical replacement. Work began in April 1839 and by early September the completed barrack stood 60 ft above the rock. Entry was via ladders attached to the legs that led into the lowest level containing a kitchen. The middle level contained two cabins, one for Stevenson, the other for his master of works, whilst the top level provided sleeping quarters for a further 30 to 40 men.

Work on the foundations for the lighthouse continued until 30 September. A total of 296 charges were used to remove 2000 LT of rock and Stevenson believed that the rock was so hard that the effort involved was four times that required for boring Aberdeenshire granite. The work went well but by the end of the second season, no blocks had yet been laid. However, between April 1839 and June 1840 4,300 blocks had been fashioned, the stone donated by the Duke of Argyll from quarries on Mull. The roughly hewn rock was taken to Hynish where the blocks were hammered and chiselled into shape. The largest weighed over 2+1/2 LT, the smallest 3/4 LT and the precision required meant that a single block could take 320 worker-hours to complete.

Tower
The new barrack withstood the violence of the storms during the winter of 1839–1840. Work re-commenced on the rock on 30 April 1840, and after the arrival of the new steamer Skerryvore the carefully fashioned blocks began to arrive on site. The first one was laid by John Campbell, 7th Duke of Argyll on 4 July. His son George later wrote: "That sight is as fresh in my memory after an interval of 57 years as if I had seen it yesterday. The natural surfaces of the rock were irregular in the highest degree. Worn, broken, and battered by the unnumbered ages of the most tremendous surf, and by the splitting of the rock along lines of natural fissures, there did not seem to be one square foot of rock which was even tolerably level. Yet in the midst of this torn and fissured surface we suddenly came on a magnificent circular floor, 42 ft in diameter, as level as water, and as smooth as a billiard table."

Soon up to 95 blocks a day were arriving from Hynish, although the weather continued to play its part. During the summer of 1840 the steamer was unable to reach the reef for fourteen consecutive days, and on another occasion no landings were possible for seven weeks and supplies began to run low. When work ceased again in the autumn, 800 tons of granite standing 8 ft high stood on Skerryvore, and up to 80 craftsmen continued to labour on the blocks at Hynish all winter. The first three courses of the base are of hard Hynish gneiss, the remainder are granite from the Ross of Mull.

Work continued during 1841–42, a crane being used to hoist the huge blocks as the tower rose. The last one was raised to the parapet in July 1842. Robert Stevenson, then aged 70, visited the site on his last annual voyage of inspection. The walls at the base are 9.5 ft thick, and 2 ft thick at the top. The lightroom and lantern sit above nine apartments 12 ft in diameter. The total cost of the works undertaken by the Northern Lighthouse Board was £86,977, including the cost of establishing the shore station at Hynish, estimated at £13,000. It is a credit to Stevenson, his foreman Charles Stewart, and Captain Macurich the landing master, that not a single life was lost during the construction.

Fitting out
The final season of work in 1843 was spent in fitting out the interior. By then Alan had become chief engineer to the NLB and the final work was undertaken under the supervision of his brother Thomas. The light, which had eight lenses revolving around a four wick lamp with pyramidal lenses above and reflecting prisms below each one, was constructed by John Milne of Edinburgh. The machinery was ready by the beginning of 1844, but it was seven weeks before a landing could be undertaken on the rock. The lamp was finally lit on 1 February and it shone without interruption for the next 110 years.

Skerryvore was Alan Stevenson's greatest achievements from both an engineering and aesthetic perspective. No philistine, he chose a hyberbolic curve for the outline for stylistic reasons. His nephew Robert Louis described it as "the noblest of all extant deep-sea lights" and according to the Northern Lighthouse Board it is "asserted by some that Skerryvore is the world's most graceful lighthouse".

Keepers
Such are the hazards of the surrounding reefs that the lighthouse is not normally approached by shipping. However, completion of the construction work did not result in an end to the difficulties for those involved in its operations. The easiest landing is at Riston's Gully, which intersects the rock near the tower. An unaided landing has been described as "like climbing up the side of a bottle". A system of ropes attached to a derrick was installed to assist these dangerous operations. Statistics compiled for the two decades from 1881 to 1890 showed Skerryvore as having been the stormiest part of Scotland. There were a total of 542 storms lasting 14,211 hours during that period. One keeper lost his hearing for several weeks, after a lightning strike had thrown him through the entrance door.

James Tomison, who became a keeper in 1861, wrote of the bird migrations visible from the tower: "Hundreds of birds are flying about in all directions, crossing and re-crossing one another's flight, but never coming into collision, all seemingly of the opinion that the only way of escape out of the confusion into which they have got is through the windows of the lantern". A fog bell had been installed by then, one of only two operating in Scotland at the time.

The adverse conditions faced by the keepers resulted in them receiving additional payments in kind, but the remote location suited some veterans. Archibald McEachern was assistant keeper for 14 years from 1870 to 1884 and John Nicol was principal from 1890 to 1903. The latter was involved in a dramatic rescue when the liner Labrador en route from Halifax, Nova Scotia to Liverpool ran aground on the nearby Mackenzie's Rock in 1899. The lifeboats were manned and two made it to Mull, but one with eighteen passengers reached the lighthouse where they were looked after for two and a half days before they could be taken to the mainland. There were no deaths and Nicol and his two assistants were commended by the NLB for their efforts.

John Muir, who served as a keeper with the NLB for 39 years all told, had a posting to Skerryvore from 1902 to 1914. He helped complete a new "landing grating", as the slender metal walkway was called, that made landings possible in conditions previously considered "hopeless". He baked his own bread and scones and made an inlaid table and Iona marble inkstand.

Post-construction events
Numerous dignitaries visited the light in the ensuing years. William Chambers, the Lord Provost of Edinburgh came in 1866 and wrote: "I was interested in knowing the method of intercourse by signals. Every morning between nine and ten o'clock, a ball is hoisted at the lighthouse to signify that all is well at the Skerryvore. Should this signal fail to be given a ball is raised at Hynish to enquire if anything is wrong. Should no reply be made by the hoisting of the ball, the schooner, hurried from its wet dock, is put to sea and steers for the lighthouse.... I enquired how high the waves washed up the side of the tower during the most severe storms, and was told that they sometimes rose as high as the first window, or about 60 ft above the level of the rocks; yet, that even in these frightful tumults of wind and waves the building never shook, and no apprehension of danger was entertained."

The visual similarity between Skerryvore and Dubh Artach 20 mi to the south east, led to the NLB painting a distinctive red band round the middle section of the latter in 1890. The Hynish Shore Station had the advantage of proximity to the site during the construction period. However, the small harbour offered little shelter for shipping. The keepers operated from here until 1892 when operations were transferred to Erraid adjacent to the Isle of Mull. Other than the signal tower, the land and buildings on Tiree were sold to George Campbell, 8th Duke of Argyll who had witnessed the laying of the first stone on Skerryvore fifty-two years previously. A paddle steamer, Signal, built by Laird of Greenock in 1883 was based at Erraid for relief operations. The shore station was moved to Oban in the 1950s.

In 1916 mines were laid in the vicinity of the rock by the German submarines SM U-71 and SM U-78. In July 1940 during World War II a stick of bombs was dropped by a passing German plane. The explosion cracked two lantern panes and shattered one of the incandescent mantles.

A disastrous fire started on the seventh floor on the night of 16 March 1954 and spread downwards. The keepers had no time to raise the alarm and were driven out of the lighthouse onto the rocks but rescued the next day when the relief vessel arrived as part of its regular schedule. The heat of the fire caused damage to both the interior and the structure and a lightship and series of temporary lights were installed during reconstruction. Three new generators were placed in the lighthouse to provide an electric light source, the lantern being re-lit on 6 August 1959.

A helipad was constructed in 1972 to enable relief trips to be undertaken without the need for perilous sea landings. The lighthouse has been fully automated since 31 March 1994 and is monitored via a radio link to Ardnamurchan lighthouse. The Northern Lighthouse Board, which has had its headquarters at 84 George Street in Edinburgh since 1832, remotely monitors the light.

The Hynish tower has been converted to house the Skerryvore Lighthouse Museum, run by the Hebridean Trust who have also restored the pier. It is now possible to visit Skerryvore with Tiree-based Tiree Sea Tours.

title: Skerryvore


text:
Amyloid plaques

Amyloid plaques (also known as neuritic plaques, amyloid beta plaques or senile plaques) are extracellular deposits of the amyloid beta (Aβ) protein mainly in the grey matter of the brain. Degenerative neuronal elements and an abundance of microglia and astrocytes can be associated with amyloid plaques. Some plaques occur in the brain as a result of aging, but large numbers of plaques and neurofibrillary tangles are characteristic features of Alzheimer's disease. The plaques are highly variable in shape and size; in tissue sections immunostained for Aβ, they comprise a log-normal size distribution curve, with an average plaque area of 400-450 square micrometers (μm2). The smallest plaques (less than 200 μm2), which often consist of diffuse deposits of Aβ, are particularly numerous. Plaques form when Aβ misfolds and aggregates into oligomers and longer polymers, the latter of which are characteristic of amyloid.

History
In 1892, Paul Blocq and Gheorghe Marinescu first described the presence of plaques in grey matter. They referred to the plaques as 'nodules of neuroglial sclerosis'. In 1898, Emil Redlich reported plaques in three patients, two of whom had clinically verified dementia. Redlich used the term 'miliary sclerosis' to describe plaques because he thought they resembled millet seeds, and he was the first to refer to the lesions as 'plaques'.

In the early 20th century, Oskar Fischer noted their similarity to actinomyces 'Drusen' (geode-like lesions), leading him to call the degenerative process 'drusige Nekrose'. Alois Alzheimer is often credited with first linking plaques to dementia in a 1906 presentation (published in 1907), but this short report focused mainly on neurofibrillary tangles, and plaques were only briefly mentioned. Alzheimer's first substantive description of plaques appeared in 1911. In contrast, Oskar Fischer published a series of comprehensive investigations of plaques and dementia in 1907, 1910 and 1912. By 1911, Max Bielschowsky proposed the amyloid-nature of plaque deposits. This was later confirmed by Paul Divry, who showed that plaques that are stained with the dye Congo Red show the optical property of birefringence, which is characteristic of amyloids in general.

In 1911, Teofil Simchowicz introduced the term 'senile plaques' to denote their frequent presence in the brains of older individuals. In 1968, a quantitative analysis confirmed the association of senile plaques with dementia. The term 'neuritic plaques' was used in 1973 to designate plaques that include abnormal neuronal processes (neurites). An advance in 1984 and 1985 was the identification of Aβ as the protein that forms the cores of plaques. This discovery led to the generation of new tools to study plaques, particularly antibodies to Aβ, and presented a molecular target for the development of potential therapies for Alzheimer's disease.

The generation of amyloid beta
Amyloid beta (Aβ) is a small protein, most often 40 or 42 amino acids in length, that is released from a longer parent protein called the Aβ-precursor protein (APP). APP is produced by many types of cell in the body, but it is especially abundant in neurons. It is a single-pass transmembrane protein, passing once through cellular membranes.

The Aβ segment of APP is partly within the membrane and partly outside of the membrane. To liberate Aβ, APP is sequentially cleaved by two enzymes: first, by beta secretase (or β-amyloid cleaving enzyme (BACE)) outside the membrane, and second, by gamma secretase (γ-secretase), an enzyme complex within the membrane. The sequential actions of these secretases results in Aβ protein fragments that are released into the extracellular space. In addition to Aβ peptides that are 40 or 42 amino acids long, several less abundant Aβ fragments also are generated. Aβ can be chemically modified in various ways, and the length of the protein and chemical modifications can influence both its tendency to aggregate and its toxicity.

Identification
Amyloid plaques are visible with the light microscope using a variety of staining techniques, including silver stains, Congo red, Thioflavin, cresyl violet, PAS-reaction, and luminescent conjugated oligothiophenes (LCOs). These methods often stain different components of the plaques, and they vary in their sensitivity Plaques may also be visualized immunohistochemically with antibodies directed against Aβ or other components of the lesions. Immunohistochemical stains are especially useful because they are both sensitive and specific for antigens that are associated with plaques.

Composition
The Aβ deposits that comprise amyloid plaques are variable in size and appearance. Under the light microscope, they range from small, wispy accumulations that are a few microns in diameter to much larger dense or diffuse masses. So-called 'classical plaques' consist of a compact Aβ-amyloid core that is surrounded by a corona of somewhat less densely packed Aβ. Classical plaques also include abnormal, swollen neuronal processes (neurites) deriving from many different types of neurons, along with activated astrocytes and microglia. Abnormal neurites and activated glial cells are not typical of most diffuse plaques, and it has been suggested that diffuse deposits are an early stage in the development of plaques.

Anatomical distribution
Dietmar Thal and his colleagues have proposed a sequence of stages of plaque formation in the brains of Alzheimer patients In Phase 1, plaques appear in the neocortex; in Phase 2, they appear in the allocortex, hippocampal formation and amygdala; in Phase 3, the basal ganglia and diencephalon are affected; in Phase 4, plaques appear in the midbrain and medulla oblongata; and in Phase 5, they appear in the pons and cerebellum. Thus, in end-stage Alzheimer's disease, plaques can be found in most parts of the brain. They are uncommon in the spinal cord.

Formation and spread
The normal function of Aβ is not certain, but plaques arise when the protein misfolds and begins to accumulate in the brain by a process of molecular templating ('seeding'). Mathias Jucker and Lary Walker have likened this process to the formation and spread of prions in diseases known as spongiform encephalopathies or prion diseases. According to the prion paradigm, certain proteins misfold into shapes that are rich in beta-sheet secondary structure.

Involvement in disease
Abundant Aβ plaques, along with neurofibrillary tangles consisting of aggregated tau protein, are the two lesions that are required for the neuropathological diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. Although the number of neurofibrillary tangles correlates more strongly with the degree of dementia than does the number of plaques, genetic and pathological findings indicate that Aβ plays a central role in the risk, onset, and progression of Alzheimer's disease.

The diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease typically requires a microscopic analysis of plaques and tangles in brain tissue, usually at autopsy. However, Aβ plaques (along with cerebral Aβ-amyloid angiopathy) can be detected in the brains of living subjects by preparing radiolabeled agents that bind selectively to Aβ deposits in the brain after being infused into the blood. The ligands cross the blood–brain barrier and attach to aggregated Aβ, and their retention in the brain is assessed by positron emission tomography. In addition, the presence of plaques and tangles can be estimated by measuring the amounts of the Aβ and tau proteins in the cerebrospinal fluid.

Occurrence
The probability of having plaques in the brain increases with advancing age. From the age of 60 years (10%) to the age of 80 years (60%), the proportion of people with senile plaques increases linearly. Women are slightly more likely to have plaques than are men. Both plaques and Alzheimer's disease also are more common in aging persons with trisomy-21 (Down syndrome). This is thought to result from the excess production of Aβ because the APP gene is on chromosome 21, which exists as three copies in Down syndrome.

Amyloid plaques naturally occur in the aging brains of nonhuman species ranging from birds to great apes. In nonhuman primates, which are the closest biological relatives of humans, plaques have been found in all species examined thus far. Neurofibrillary tangles are rare, however, and no nonhuman species has been shown to have dementia along with the complete neuropathology of Alzheimer's disease.

Research
Both human samples and experimental models of Alzheimer's disease have been used to study the biochemical, cytological, and inflammatory characteristics of amyloid plaques. Experimental studies have focused not only on delineating mechanisms by which plaques arise and proliferate, but also on discovering methods by which they can be detected (and potentially prevented/removed) in the living brain. However, several aspects of amyloid biology are still under investigation. For example, recent evidence has suggested that amyloid plaque formation is linked to brain microvascular trauma. Other research implicates chronic inflammation of the brain and immune dysfunction of the nervous system.

The environmental, physiological or genetic risk factors for plaque formation in Alzheimer's disease are under preliminary research.

title: Amyloid plaques


text:
User talk:Dick Grayson

Welcome
Welcome! (We can't say that loud/big enough!)

Here are a few links you might find helpful:

 * Be Bold!
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 * Meet other new users
 * Learn from others
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If you have any questions or problems, no matter what they are, leave me a message on my talk page.

We're so glad you're here! -- Essjay ·  Talk 09:05, July 12, 2005 (UTC)

Edit summaries
When editing an article on Wikipedia there is a small field labelled "Edit summary" under the main edit-box. It looks like this:

The text written here will appear on the Recent changes page, in the page revision history, on the diff page, and in the watchlists of users who are watching that article. See m:Help:Edit summary for full information on this feature.

When you leave the edit summary blank, some of your edits could be mistaken for vandalism and may be reverted, so please always briefly summarize your edits, especially when you are making subtle but important changes, like changing dates or numbers. Thank you. --Ryan Delaney talk 19:16, 23 August 2005 (UTC)

Quickly enter your name on talk pages
Did you know that you can save time typing ~ instead of your name? When you save your comment, your name and the time and date will appear. Shinobu 00:07, 27 August 2005 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 13:06, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 13:32, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Dick Grayson


text:
User talk:Kutlay

Welcome
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We're so glad you're here! -- Essjay ·  Talk 09:05, July 12, 2005 (UTC)

Image Tagging for Image:Alain_Prost.jpg
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title: User talk:Kutlay


text:
Bagnolet

Bagnolet is a commune in the eastern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located 5.2 km from the center of Paris.

History
On 1 January 1860, the city of Paris was enlarged by annexing neighboring communes. On that occasion, a small part of the commune of Bagnolet was annexed to the city of Paris. At the same time, the commune of Charonne was disbanded and divided between the city of Paris, Bagnolet, and Montreuil. Bagnolet received a small part of the territory of Charonne.

On 24 July 1867, a part of the territory of Bagnolet was detached and merged with a part of the territory of Romainville and a part of the territory of Pantin to create the commune of Les Lilas.

The town used to be the home of the Château de Bagnolet.

Population
Its inhabitants are called Bagnoletais.

Transport
Bagnolet is served by Gallieni station on Paris Metro line 3 and RATP buslines 76,102,115,122,318 545.

International and National coaches serve Bagnolet at Gallieni Metro station.

Notable people

 * Jeanne-Marie Barbey, artist and photographer
 * Sylvain Distin, footballer
 * Koffi Djidji, footballer
 * Henri Verneuil, filmmaker
 * Cyril Kongo, French graffiti artist

Support for Georges Ibrahim Abdallah
In December 2013, the city's council voted to make Georges Ibrahim Abdallah an "honorary resident." The city council's motion (which did not mention Abdallah's role in the murder of Charles R. Ray) described him as a “communist activist” and a “political prisoner” who “belongs to the resistance movement of Lebanon" and is a "determined defender of the Palestinian just cause." The motion stated that Abdallah's release was being denied “primarily because of the intervention of the US government" and "To call for his liberation, the municipal council declares him an honorary citizen of Bagnolet."

In July 2014, the administrative court in Montreuil revoked the city's motion to grant Abdallah honorary citizenship.

Education
The commune has ten public preschools (maternelles), nine public elementary schools, two public junior high schools (collèges), and a comprehensive public senior high school (lycée polyvalent).
 * Junior high schools: Georges-Politzer and Travail / Langevin
 * Lycée général et professionnel Eugène-Hénaff

There is a private junior and high school, Lycée professionnel et technologique Saint-Besnoît de l'Europe.

International relations
Bagnolet is twinned with:

 * Akbou, Algeria
 * 🇲🇱 Massala, Mali
 * 🇩🇪 Oranienburg, Germany
 * 🇲🇶 Le Robert, Martinique, France
 * Shatila, Lebanon
 * 🇮🇹 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy

title: Bagnolet


text: User talk:203.200.20.91

title: User talk:203.200.20.91


text:
User talk:Joonasl

Welcome
Welcome! (We can't say that loud/big enough!)

Here are a few links you might find helpful:

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 * Meet other new users
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If you have any questions or problems, no matter what they are, leave me a message on my talk page.

We're so glad you're here! -- Essjay ·  Talk 09:06, July 12, 2005 (UTC)

Thanks for the SPb/Decembrist revolt fi:FA status alert
Thank you for posting the alert about the Saint Petersburg/Decembrist Revolt featured articles status on fi:WP. Pity I don't know Finnish to import the shiny pieces over here. :-) BACbKA 19:23, 22 December 2005 (UTC)
 * you are wellcome. The St. Petersburg article is mostly written by me, so my motivation was not completely unselfish :). --Joonasl 07:58, 23 December 2005 (UTC)

Edit summaries
When editing an article on Wikipedia there is a small field labelled "Edit summary" under the main edit-box. It looks like this: The text written here will appear on the Recent changes page, in the page revision history, on the diff page, and in the watchlists of users who are watching that article. See m:Help:Edit summary for full information on this feature. When you leave the edit summary blank, some of your edits could be mistaken for vandalism and may be reverted, so please always briefly summarize your edits, especially when you are making subtle but important changes, like changing dates or numbers. Thank you. --Mel Etitis  ( Μελ Ετητης ) 21:54, 13 April 2006 (UTC)

About Frank in Finnish Wikipedia
Now that I am blocked in fi.wiki I must approach you this way. Frank, for personal hatred towards me, has decided to take advantage of my block and vandalize my user discussion page with a fony Sock puppet charge: http://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keskustelu_k%C3%A4ytt%C3%A4j%C3%A4st%C3%A4:Jaakko_Sivonen Everyone knows this is not true, I have wrtitten with my own name for long in Suomi24 for example. So, since I cannot currently delete that vandalism, could you please do it for me? Thank you. --Jaakko Sivonen 16:30, 30 September 2006 (UTC)
 * Okei, maininta poistettiin jo. --Jaakko Sivonen 18:00, 30 September 2006 (UTC)

Image:Zeta Jones.jpg
Hello, I see that you've tagged this for move to Commons, which is fine except that the copyright information is not properly shown there. It just says "attribution" but not to whom.

Please ensure that the image file at Commons says: " © by James G. Howes, January 30, 2006. Attribution required." Thanks,  JGHowes talk  -  15:00, 28 October 2007 (UTC)

DYK for Afrikaner nationalism

 * Great, thanks.--Joonasl (talk) 11:31, 7 October 2008 (UTC)

WikiProject South Africa
I have recently overhauled WikiProject South Africa with the following:
 * Improving collaboration of participants by adding an Open tasks section with specific as well as common tasks
 * Added link to the CatScan tool to find articles needing cleanup, referencing and expanding
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 * Improved the categories section with trees for category:South Africa Wikipedia administration and category:South Africa
 * Added link to Wikipedia Books
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Comments, constructive criticism and suggestions for improving it further are welcome --NJR_ZA (talk) 07:26, 13 November 2009 (UTC)

Stellenbosch to bid for Wikimania 2012!
Hi Joonasl!

The nascent South African Wikimedia chapter has decided to bid to host Wikimania in Stellenbosch, South Africa in 2012. This would be the first Wikimania in South Africa, and would be a great advertisement for our country. Please take a look at meta:Wikimania_2012/Bids/Stellenbosch. If you can add to the discussion, please do. If you feel that you are able to do anything to help, please join the Wikimedia South Africa mailing list and let us know. Even simple messages of support are valued!

Best regards,

David Richfield

Wiki Loves Monuments in South Africa
Dear WikiProject South Africa Wikipedians

This is an urgent call from Wikimedia South Africa. We are currently working hard on the South African side of the exciting international photographic competition, Wiki Loves Monuments. We have been planning to make this national competition really take off, but to do so, we need your help! The competition starts on the 1st September, and we need your help now! If you are interested in being part of or can help the Wiki Loves Monuments national organising team, then please join here [ http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:Wiki_Loves_Monuments_2012_in_South_Africa]. If you have limited time, but want to help out at an upload marathon at a heritage site near you, please then contact either Lourie [louriepieterse@yahoo.com] or Isla [islahf@africacentre.net]. We look forward to hearing from you!"

Kind regards, Lourie

Sent by Lucia Bot in 14:01, 4 August 2012 (UTC)

Your submission at Articles for creation: Reaktor (company) (July 27)
 Your recent article submission to Articles for Creation has been reviewed! Unfortunately, it has not been accepted at this time. The reason left by Aerospeed was:

Please check the submission for any additional comments left by the reviewer. You are encouraged to edit the submission to address the issues raised and resubmit when they have been resolved.

 * If you would like to continue working on the submission, go to Draft:Reaktor (company) and click on the "Edit" tab at the top of the window.
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 Aerospeed  (Talk) 12:48, 27 July 2015 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 13:00, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

AfC notification: Draft:Reaktor (company) has a new comment
 I've left a comment on your Articles for Creation submission, which can be viewed at Draft:Reaktor (company). Thanks! LaMona (talk) 22:17, 31 December 2015 (UTC)

Your submission at Articles for creation: Reaktor (company) (January 2)
 Your recent article submission to Articles for Creation has been reviewed! Unfortunately, it has not been accepted at this time. The reason left by RadioFan was:

Please check the submission for any additional comments left by the reviewer. You are encouraged to edit the submission to address the issues raised and resubmit when they have been resolved.

 * If you would like to continue working on the submission, go to Draft:Reaktor (company) and click on the "Edit" tab at the top of the window.
 * If you need any assistance, you can ask for help at the [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:WikiProject_Articles_for_creation/Help_desk&action=edit&section=new&nosummary=1&preload=Template:Afc_decline/HD_preload&preloadparams%5B%5D=Draft:Reaktor_(company) Articles for creation help desk] or on the [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:RadioFan&action=edit&section=new&nosummary=1&preload=Template:Afc_decline/HD_preload&preloadparams%5B%5D=Draft:Reaktor_(company) reviewer's talk page].
 * You can also use Wikipedia's real-time chat help from experienced editors.

RadioFan (talk) 04:19, 2 January 2016 (UTC)

Managing a conflict of interest
Hello, Joonasl. We welcome your contributions, but if you have an external relationship with some of the people, places or things you have written about in the article Draft:Reaktor (company), you may have a conflict of interest. People with a conflict of interest may be unduly influenced by their connection to the topic. For information on how to contribute to Wikipedia when you have a conflict of interest, see the conflict of interest guideline and frequently asked questions for organizations. In particular, please:

 * avoid editing or creating articles related to you, your organization, its competitors, or projects and products you or they are involved with;
 * instead, propose changes on the talk pages of affected articles (see the template);
 * avoid linking to the Wikipedia article or website of your organization in other articles (see WP:SPAM);
 * exercise great caution so that you do not violate Wikipedia's content policies.

In addition, the Wikimedia Foundation's terms of use require disclosure of your employer, client, and affiliation with respect to any contribution for which you receive, or expect to receive, compensation.

Please familiarize yourself with relevant policies and guidelines, especially those pertaining to neutral point of view, sourcing, and autobiographies. Thank you. RadioFan (talk) 04:20, 2 January 2016 (UTC)

 * Thanks, added disclosure information. --Joonasl (talk) 14:21, 2 January 2016 (UTC)

Women in Red World Contest
Hi. We're into the last five days of the Women in Red World Contest. There's a new bonus prize of $200 worth of books of your choice to win for creating the most new women biographies between 0:00 on the 26th and 23:59 on 30th November. If you've been contributing to the contest, thank you for your support, we've produced over 2000 articles. If you haven't contributed yet, we would appreciate you taking the time to add entries to our articles achievements list by the end of the month. Thank you, and if participating, good luck with the finale!

Proposed deletion of File:Logo of the software company reaktor.gif

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title: User talk:Joonasl


text:
User talk:Bushido Hacks

Welcome
Welcome! (We can't say that loud/big enough!)

Here are a few links you might find helpful:

 * Be Bold!
 * Don't let grumpy users scare you off.
 * Meet other new users
 * Learn from others
 * Play nice with others
 * Contribute, Contribute, Contribute!
 * Tell us about you

If you have any questions or problems, no matter what they are, leave me a message on my talk page.

We're so glad you're here! -- Essjay ·  Talk 09:07, July 12, 2005 (UTC)

Columbine Talk Page
Hello, I just read your post on the talk page. I was the person who rewrote the Columbine article beginning in late July, and with some help, I got it featured and placed on the front page. I could never image what I would've done had something like what you wrote happened to me. What an incredible tale! Did they ever fire those admins, or even blame them? I bet they still justify their actions with the simple fact you never shot up the school, claiming it was them who stopped your plot or something. Its incredible how corrupt some of our school systems can be! At least you survived the ordeal. PRueda29 03:01, 19 September 2005 (UTC)

Clone Wars
It's like a copy of myself, proving once and for all life is not infinite in originality. I'm a programmer hailing originally from NY but now residing near St. Louis as well. I read your talk section on the Columbine thing as well and thought it was extremely well written and a rather interesting read. I'm going to look over your website when I get home (at work now) and keep tabs on your writing, it's good stuff :) Maybe we can meet sometime and hang out over a greasy cheeseburger and a Big Mac :P -Moocats 18:55, 20 September 2005 (UTC)

Schism
There is a category (which I belong to) called "Roman Catholic Wikipedians". I was wondering if you'd switch to that one, because in my eyes that is the main Catholic Category. It has dozens of users which just don't appear under the Catholic Wikipedians Category. Chooserr 21:53, 24 December 2005 (UTC)

 * Is there really a difference besides the number of people? Which one do you suggest considering my archdiocese is in a conflict with one of the churches in the area.  If I support the church that has been wrongfully excommunicated by a priest who has turned the archdiocese into a corporation, should I change categories if I disagree with the archbishop? --Bushido Hacks 22:44, 24 December 2005 (UTC)

WikiProject Missouri
Dear Bushido Hacks, I am beginning the process to create a wikiproject for Missouri. in order to do so i'm required to show that there is a base of at least 5-10 people who would be interested in contributing to such a project. the project would serve to aid in the creation and editing of articles related to the U.S. State Missouri, its cities, counties, geography, transportation, culture, history, education, and so on. It aims to expand Wikipedia's resources on Missouri in a fair and accurate manner. Since you're stated as being a wikipedian in missouri, i wanted to see if you were interested. if you are, please add your username at Wikiproject/List_of_proposed_projects and User:Preschooler.at.heart/Missouri. thanks for your consideration. -- preschooler. at  .heart   my talk  -  contribs  15:49, 7 April 2006 (UTC)

Article Ownership in Template_talk:Gaobam
Welcome to Wikipedia. We invite everyone to contribute constructively to Wikipedia. However, please know that editors do not own articles and should respect the work of their fellow contributors. If you create or edit an article, know that others are free to change its content. Take a look at the welcome page to learn more about contributing to this encyclopedia.

Request for edit summary
When editing an article on Wikipedia there is a small field labeled "Edit summary" under the main edit-box. It looks like this: The text written here will appear on the Recent changes page, in the page revision history, on the diff page, and in the watchlists of users who are watching that article. See m:Help:Edit summary for full information on this feature.

Filling in the edit summary field greatly helps your fellow contributors in understanding what you changed, so please always fill in the edit summary field, especially for big edits or when you are making subtle but important changes, like changing dates or numbers. Thank you. – Oleg Alexandrov (talk) 04:02, 20 June 2007 (UTC)

WikiProject St. Louis
Grey Wanderer | Talk 20:38, 31 December 2007 (UTC)

TfD nomination of Template:Teenage Robot
Template:Teenage Robot has been nominated for deletion. You are invited to comment on the discussion at the template's entry on the Templates for Deletion page. Thank you. Ten Pound Hammer and his otters • (Broken clamshells • Otter chirps • HELP) 17:20, 21 November 2008 (UTC)
 * And how do you propose that I rearrange it? Remove the cast (because consensus is that cast shouldn't be in templates), and you have only five links, including one redirect and one that's up for deletion. Remove those and you have only three links, which makes the whole template moot. Ten Pound Hammer  and his otters • (Broken clamshells • Otter chirps • HELP) 18:03, 22 November 2008 (UTC)
 * Go ahead and remove the cast and any links that redirect to the main page. The rest of it stays. --Bushido Hacks (talk) 00:06, 23 November 2008 (UTC)
 * That's four links. Still not enough for a template in my opinion. Ten Pound Hammer  and his otters • (Broken clamshells • Otter chirps • HELP) 16:52, 23 November 2008 (UTC)
 * Yes that is four links. FOUR LINKS, AH AH AH AH!  There are some templates with fewer links that that.  Does that BOTHER YOU?! Is this like some sort of Obsessive Compulsive thing, or are you that concerned over how many links there are?  LEAVE IT LIKE IT IS! --Bushido Hacks (talk) 19:40, 23 November 2008 (UTC)
 * WP:CIVIL please. It doesn't bother me, it just seems redundant. Most templates require more than that. Ten Pound Hammer  and his otters • (Broken clamshells • Otter chirps • HELP) 01:59, 24 November 2008 (UTC)
 * [[Image:Wikip-facepalm.jpg|thumb|Facepalm]] LET IT GO! Leave the template alone. You are getting worked up over nothing.--Bushido Hacks (talk) 06:15, 24 November 2008 (UTC)
 * I think you're the one getting worked up by yelling at me and using bold text. We just have different opinions on the template. Ten Pound Hammer  and his otters • (Broken clamshells • Otter chirps • HELP) 19:21, 25 November 2008 (UTC)
 * WP:HOUND Would you PLEASE LET IT GO! The template stays. I don't want to here another word about it!  What is with you?! --Bushido Hacks (talk) 06:52, 26 November 2008 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for File:Jim Horne (1953).jpg
Thanks for uploading File:Jim Horne (1953).jpg. You've indicated that the image meets Wikipedia's criteria for non-free content, but there is no explanation of why it meets those criteria. Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. If you have any questions, please post them at Media copyright questions.

Thank you for your cooperation. NOTE: once you correct this, please remove the tag from the image's page. STBotI (talk) 19:47, 25 January 2009 (UTC)

File:Foilhat.jpg listed for deletion
An image or media file that you uploaded or altered, File:Foilhat.jpg, has been listed at Files for deletion. Please see the discussion to see why this is (you may have to search for the title of the image to find its entry), if you are interested in it not being deleted. Calliopejen1 (talk) 00:01, 20 April 2009 (UTC)

AfD
An article of yours is in AfD: Articles for deletion/The Pageant. Joe Chill (talk) 23:34, 8 November 2009 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of Pop's Nightclub & Concert Venue

The article Pop's Nightclub & Concert Venue has been proposed for deletion  because of the following concern:
 * No indication of meeting the notability guideline at WP:ORG.

While all contributions to Wikipedia are appreciated, content or articles may be deleted for any of several reasons.

You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the  notice, but please explain why in your edit summary or on the article's talk page.

Please consider improving the article to address the issues raised. Removing  will stop the Proposed Deletion process, but other deletion processes exist. The Speedy Deletion process can result in deletion without discussion, and Articles for Deletion allows discussion to reach consensus for deletion. +Angr 12:00, 16 November 2009 (UTC)

WikiProject St. Louis
(Jordan S. Wilson (talk) 05:04, 14 January 2010 (UTC)) Greetings fellow wikpedian. This is MetroFan2009. I want to ask you on what you do to improve various St. Louis articles. My edits include templates of St. Louis, Public transportation, and the region. Please respond on my userpage. Happy edits!!

Articles for deletion nomination of Pop's Nightclub & Concert Venue
I have nominated Pop's Nightclub & Concert Venue, an article that you created, for deletion. I do not think that this article satisfies Wikipedia's criteria for inclusion, and have explained why at Articles for deletion/Pop's Nightclub & Concert Venue. Your opinions on the matter are welcome at that same discussion page; also, you are welcome to edit the article to address these concerns. Thank you for your time.Please contact me if you're unsure why you received this message.  fetch  comms  ☛ 23:42, 20 February 2010 (UTC)
 * This is the second time someone has filed an AfD on this article. I'm pretty sure I listed this in the St. Louis Wikipedia Project. Check the Talk page.--Bushido Hacks (talk) 02:38, 22 February 2010 (UTC)

Rants
Hey, I was looking over your dislikes on your user page and noticed that some of them are out-of-date. Thought you might want to bring Ted Stevens and Hillary Clinton current, in particular. Cheers!--otherlleft 14:53, 21 February 2010 (UTC)

Speedy deletion nomination of Jim Horne (model)
A tag has been placed on Jim Horne (model) requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done under section A7 of the criteria for speedy deletion, because the article appears to be about a person or group of people, but it does not indicate how or why the subject is important or significant: that is, why an article about that subject should be included in an encyclopedia. Under the criteria for speedy deletion, such articles may be deleted at any time. Please see the guidelines for what is generally accepted as notable, as well as our subject-specific notability guideline for biographies. You may also wish to consider using a Wizard to help you create articles - see the Article Wizard.

If you think that this notice was placed here in error, you may contest the deletion by adding  to the top of the page that has been nominated for deletion (just below the existing speedy deletion or "db" tag - if no such tag exists then the page is no longer a speedy delete candidate and adding a hangon tag is unnecessary), coupled with adding a note on the talk page explaining your position, but be aware that once tagged for speedy deletion, if the page meets the criterion, it may be deleted without delay. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag yourself, but don't hesitate to add information to the page that would render it more in conformance with Wikipedia's policies and guidelines. Lastly, please note that if the page does get deleted, you can contact one of these admins to request that they userfy the page or have a copy emailed to you. —  Dæ dαlus Contribs 04:36, 20 July 2010 (UTC)

File permission problem with File:Neko.gif
Thanks for uploading File:Neko.gif. I noticed that while you provided a valid copyright licensing tag, there is no proof that the creator of the file agreed to license it under the given license.

If you created this media entirely yourself but have previously published it elsewhere (especially online), please either
 * make a note permitting reuse under the CC-BY-SA or another acceptable free license (see this list) at the site of the original publication; or
 * Send an email from an address associated with the original publication to , stating your ownership of the material and your intention to publish it under a free license. You can find a sample permission letter here. If you take this step, add OTRS pending to the file description page to prevent premature deletion.

If you did not create it entirely yourself, please ask the person who created the file to take one of the two steps listed above, or if the owner of the file has already given their permission to you via email, please forward that email to .

If you believe the media meets the criteria at Non-free content, use a tag such as or one of the other tags listed at File copyright tags, and add a rationale justifying the file's use on the article or articles where it is included. See File copyright tags for the full list of copyright tags that you can use.

If you have uploaded other files, consider checking that you have provided evidence that their copyright owners have agreed to license their works under the tags you supplied, too. You can find a list of files you have created in [ your upload log]. Files lacking evidence of permission may be deleted one week after they have been tagged, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you. Kelly hi! 10:53, 22 December 2010 (UTC)

Invitation to join WikiProject United States

 * Welcome to the project. Please let me know if you have any questions, comments or suggestions. --Kumioko (talk) 02:06, 4 January 2011 (UTC)

New Years Message for WikiProject United States
With the first of what I hope will be monthly newsletters I again want to welcome you to the project and hope that as we all work together through the year we can expand the project, create missing articles and generally improve the pedia thought mutual cooperation and support. Now that we have a project and a solid pool of willing members I wanted to strike while the iron is hot and solicite help in doing a few things that I believe is a good next step in solidifiing the project. I have outlined a few suggestions where you can help with on the projects talk page. This includes but is not limited too updating Portal:United States, assessing the remaining US related articles that haven't been assessed, eliminating the Unrefernced BLP's and others. If you have other suggestions or are interested in doing other things feel free. I just wanted to offer a few suggestions were additional help is needed. Please feel free to contact me if you have any questions, comments or suggestions or you can always post something on the projects talk page. If you do not want to recieve a monthly message please put an * before your name on the members page.--Kumioko (talk) 02:44, 12 January 2011 (UTC)

Meetup in St. Louis for Wikipedia's tenth anniversary
Hello Bushido. I would like to invite you to a meetup this Saturday at 5 PM at the City Museum to celebrate Wikipedia's tenth anniversary. Even if you cannot make it, please drop your name at Meetup/St. Louis in the regrets section or watchlist that page to be informed about future meetups in St. Louis. Hope to see you this weekend or at a future meetup. Cheers.--Chaser (talk) 06:55, 14 January 2011 (UTC)

New WikiProject United States Newsletter: February 2011 edition
Starting with the February 2011 issue WikiProject United States has established a newsletter to inform anyone interested in United States related topics of the latest changes. This newsletter will not only discuss issues relating to WikiProject United States but also: You may read or assist in writing the newsletter, subscribe, unsubscribe or change the format in which future issues will be delivered to you by following this link. If you have an idea for improving the newsletter please leave a message on my talk page or the Newsletters talk page. --Kumioko (talk) 20:36, 4 February 2011 (UTC)
 * 1) Portal:United States
 * 2) the United States Wikipedians Noticeboard
 * 3) the United States Wikipedians collaboration of the Month - The collaboration article for February is Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution
 * 4) and changes to Wikipolicy, events and other things that may be of interest to you.

April 2011 Newsletter for WikiProject United States
--Kumioko (talk) 17:28, 6 April 2011 (UTC)

Orphaned non-free image File:Jim Horne (1953).jpg
 Thanks for uploading File:Jim Horne (1953).jpg. The image description page currently specifies that the image is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, the image is currently orphaned, meaning that it is not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the image was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that images for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable for use on Wikipedia (see our policy for non-free media).

If you have uploaded other unlicensed media, please check whether they're used in any articles or not. You can find a list of "file" pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "File" from the dropdown box. Note that any non-free images not used in any articles will be deleted after seven days, as described in the criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. Courcelles 05:35, 1 May 2011 (UTC)

May 2011 Newsletter for WikiProject United States
.--Kumioko (talk) 01:55, 6 May 2011 (UTC)

June 2011 Newsletter for WikiProject United States
--Kumioko (talk) 17:18, 12 June 2011 (UTC)

July 2011 Newsletter for WikiProject United States
--Kumioko (talk) 00:00, 24 July 2011 (UTC)

September 2011 Newsletter for WikiProject United States
--Kumioko (talk) 04:55, 5 September 2011 (UTC)

November 2011
Welcome to Wikipedia. Please be aware of Wikipedia's policy that biographical information about living persons must not include unsupported or inaccurate statements. Whenever you add possibly controversial statements about a living person to an article or any other Wikipedia page, as you did to Talk:Shepard Smith, you must include proper sources. If you don't know how to cite a source, you may want to read Referencing for beginners for guidelines. Thank you. Sum mer PhD (talk) 04:17, 28 November 2011 (UTC)

December 2011 Newsletter for WikiProject United States
--Kumioko (talk) 03:49, 12 December 2011 (UTC)

January 2012 Newsletter for WikiProject United States and supported projects
--Kumi-Taskbot (talk) 18:47, 16 January 2012 (UTC)

Upcoming Wikimedia events in Missouri and Kansas!
You're invited to 3 exciting events Wikipedians are planning in your region this June—a tour and meetup at the National Archives in Kansas City, and Wiknics in Wichita and St. Louis:

You're invited to Wikipedia Takes St. Louis!

Dust off your Polaroid camera and pack your best lenses. The first-ever Wikipedia Takes St. Louis photo hunt kicks off Sat, Sept. 15, at 12:30pm in downtown St. Louis. Tour the streets of the Rome of the West with other Wikipedians and even learn a little St. Louis history. This event is a fun and collaborative way to enhance St. Louis articles with visual content. Novice photographers welcome!

Disambiguation link notification for September 12
Hi. Thank you for your recent edits. Wikipedia appreciates your help. We noticed though that when you edited Last Ounce of Courage, you added a link pointing to the disambiguation page Bill O'Reilly (check to confirm | fix with Dab solver). Such links are almost always unintended, since a disambiguation page is merely a list of "Did you mean..." article titles. Read the FAQ* Join us at the DPL WikiProject.

It's OK to remove this message. Also, to stop receiving these messages, follow these opt-out instructions. Thanks, DPL bot (talk) 12:16, 12 September 2012 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 13:00, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

Meet St. Louis area Wikipedians this Sunday
Hello! This coming Sunday, July 10th, a group of local Wikipedia contributors are getting together for the 2016 St. Louis Wiknic at Laumeier Sculpture Park. It's a low-key social event to chat with other Wikipedians. Grab a dish (or not, that's cool too) and join us!

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Meetup/St._Louis/Wiknic/2016

If you know other folks in the area who might be interested, feel free to pass this along. We're hoping to gather an active and diverse local community of wiki editors.

Hope to see you there! —Verbistheword (talk) 17:16, 3 July 2016 (UTC)

Wikipedia:WikiProject United States/The 50,000 Challenge
--MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 02:39, 8 November 2016 (UTC)

Women in Red World Contest
Hi. We're into the last five days of the Women in Red World Contest. There's a new bonus prize of $200 worth of books of your choice to win for creating the most new women biographies between 0:00 on the 26th and 23:59 on 30th November. If you've been contributing to the contest, thank you for your support, we've produced over 2000 articles. If you haven't contributed yet, we would appreciate you taking the time to add entries to our articles achievements list by the end of the month. Thank you, and if participating, good luck with the finale!

Proposed deletion of New Town, Missouri

The article New Town, Missouri has been proposed for deletion because of the following concern: "Contemporary suburban neighborhood in St. Charles, questionable notability"

While all constructive contributions to Wikipedia are appreciated, pages may be deleted for any of several reasons.

You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the notice, but please explain why in your edit summary or on the article's talk page.

Please consider improving the page to address the issues raised. Removing will stop the proposed deletion process, but other deletion processes exist. In particular, the speedy deletion process can result in deletion without discussion, and articles for deletion allows discussion to reach consensus for deletion. Grey Wanderer (talk) 22:45, 24 March 2019 (UTC)

Nomination of New Town, Missouri for deletion
A discussion is taking place as to whether the article New Town, Missouri is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or whether it should be deleted.

The article will be discussed at Articles for deletion/New Town, Missouri until a consensus is reached, and anyone, including you, is welcome to contribute to the discussion. The nomination will explain the policies and guidelines which are of concern. The discussion focuses on high-quality evidence and our policies and guidelines.

Users may edit the article during the discussion, including to improve the article to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion notice from the top of the article. Grey Wanderer (talk) 23:55, 26 March 2019 (UTC)

2019 US Banknote Contest
Sent by ZLEA at 23:30, 19 October 2019 (UTC) via MediaWiki message delivery (talk)

Proposed deletion of Rico (Ajax)

The article Rico (Ajax) has been proposed for deletion because of the following concern: "Not notable, not verifiable"

While all constructive contributions to Wikipedia are appreciated, pages may be deleted for any of several reasons.

You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the notice, but please explain why in your edit summary or on the article's talk page.

Please consider improving the page to address the issues raised. Removing will stop the proposed deletion process, but other deletion processes exist. In particular, the speedy deletion process can result in deletion without discussion, and articles for deletion allows discussion to reach consensus for deletion. Anton.bersh (talk) 14:06, 17 March 2021 (UTC)

Nomination of Rico (Ajax) for deletion
A discussion is taking place as to whether the article Rico (Ajax) is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or whether it should be deleted.

The article will be discussed at Articles for deletion/Rico (Ajax) until a consensus is reached, and anyone, including you, is welcome to contribute to the discussion. The nomination will explain the policies and guidelines which are of concern. The discussion focuses on high-quality evidence and our policies and guidelines.

Users may edit the article during the discussion, including to improve the article to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion notice from the top of the article. Hi, a while ago (2008) you created a stub. Are you still interested in improving it or should it be deleted?

4E616D65 (talk) 22:15, 22 March 2021 (UTC)
 * Discussion links updated. ~  Aseleste  (t, e | c, l) 10:51, 14 April 2021 (UTC)

title: User talk:Bushido Hacks


text:
User talk:El Raki

Welcome
Welcome! (We can't say that loud/big enough!)

Here are a few links you might find helpful:

 * Be Bold!
 * Don't let grumpy users scare you off.
 * Meet other new users
 * Learn from others
 * Play nice with others
 * Contribute, Contribute, Contribute!
 * Tell us about you

If you have any questions or problems, no matter what they are, leave me a message on my talk page.

We're so glad you're here! -- Essjay ·  Talk 09:07, July 12, 2005 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 12:51, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:El Raki


text:
Talk:Zlatibor

Untitled

 * The second page had been speedily deleted because it doesn't belong to article namespace. Please create such things as subpages of your user page in the future to avoid having it deleted. --Joy [shallot]   14:54, 12 July 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Zlatibor


text:
John Wallis (Canadian politician)

John Wallis (c. 1815 – January 19, 1872) was a Conservative Member of Provincial Parliament in the Ontario legislature in the 1st Parliament of Ontario representing Toronto West from September 3, 1867, to February 25, 1871.

Biography
Wallis worked in the brewing industry before entering politics.

He served on Toronto city council representing St. Patrick's ward. He defeated Adam Crooks in the 1867 general election but was defeated by Crooks in 1871 for the same seat in the Ontario legislative assembly.

He died at the age of 57 after a long illness.

title: John Wallis (Canadian politician)


text: User talk:128.227.23.168

title: User talk:128.227.23.168


text:
John Wallis (disambiguation)

John Wallis (1616–1703) was an English mathematician.

John Wallis may also refer to:

 * John Wallis (antiquary) (1714–1793), English cleric and county historian
 * John Wallis (Canadian politician) (fl. 1815–1872), Canadian politician
 * John Wallis (Arabic scholar) (c. 1674–1738), Laudian Professor of Arabic at the University of Oxford
 * John Wallis (publisher) (died 1818), publisher of board games
 * John Wallis (MP for King's Lynn) (c. 1567–1633), English merchant and politician
 * John Braithwaite Wallis (1877–1961), Canadian entomologist
 * J. E. P. Wallis (1861–1946), Anglo-Indian judge

title: John Wallis (disambiguation)