text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Read between the lines

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was DELETE. Postdlf 06:32, 20 July 2005 (UTC)

Read between the lines
Dicdef; not encylopedic. See WP:NOT. Delete or transwiki. Natalinasmpf 14:55, 12 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, already defined at Wiktionary. --TheMidnighters 15:07, 12 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, dicdef. Dcarrano 16:27, July 12, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete already transwikied dic def. Impossible to expand on. - Mgm|(talk) 19:38, July 12, 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Zodiac (true crime book)

Zodiac is a non-fiction book written by Robert Graysmith about the unsolved serial murders committed by the "Zodiac Killer" in San Francisco in the late 1960s and early '70s. Since its initial release in 1986, Zodiac has sold 4 million copies worldwide. Graysmith was a cartoonist for the San Francisco Chronicle and later also wrote Zodiac Unmasked.

Synopsis
This book chronicles the history of the self-named "Zodiac" killer who was active in the 1960s and 70s in California from first hand details covered by Robert Graysmith's investigative efforts to unmask the "Zodiac" killer. The book describes the investigations of the many law enforcement branches such as the LAPD, the FBI, the CIA, etc., that worked on the case and other murders that the "Zodiac" had proclaimed he committed, including the 1966 Cheri Jo Bates stabbing. Later chapters deal with Graysmith's many theories on the case, and the book eventually cites two possible suspects (who are given pseudonyms), Bob Starr and Donald Andrews, and details some of the circumstantial evidence against them. Graysmith received assistance from police departments that fell within the jurisdictions of the murders, and especially from Inspector Dave Toschi from the San Francisco Police Department, who had worked the Zodiac case. Although the case was never solved, there were instances where solid evidence was held among a number of suspects, even after the Zodiac murders had stopped.

Background
Robert Graysmith was a cartoonist working for The San Francisco Chronicle in the 1960s when the Zodiac murders started. The Zodiac sent letters to The Chronicle which he urgently wanted published in the paper. The letters included evidence that he was in fact the Zodiac; while committing one of his crimes, the "Zodiac" cut a piece of bloody cloth from one of his victims and attached it to several of his hand written letters to disable the thought of a fake "Zodiac" writing to the San Francisco Chronicle. Graysmith saw the letters arriving at The Chronicle and became intrigued. For years the cartoonist kept his own scrapbook of evidence, from which he independently attempted to determine the Zodiac's identity. When asked why he began working on the book, Graysmith replied, "I saw it going into obscurity. Nobody is sharing all the different jurisdictions, and all this information. What if I as a private citizen went around and got all this information?" This led to a 10-year period to collect information, and eventually the book was published in 1986 after a number of delays.

Film
The film adaptation Zodiac (2007) is roughly based on Graysmith's books, Zodiac (1986) and Zodiac Unmasked (2002). The film follows the work of Graysmith as a cartoonist in 1969 aiding the authorities in figuring out the identity of the infamous Zodiac killer.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Zodiac (true crime book)


text: User talk:84.67.188.19

title: User talk:84.67.188.19


text:
Talk:Gravitational microlensing

Well, the article is not very well descibed, but it is my first Wiki article. The previous article (stating that a planet magnifies the light of its host star) was just good-old wrong, since it is the planet around the lens causing a deviation in the lightcurve!

There are plenty of potential issues to add: Microlensing is a tool producing many papers every month, so there is plenty of potential subjects to cover.

--Christianvinter 14:56, 12 July 2005 (UTC)

Illustration of microlensing
The NASA figure illustrating the effect of microlensing is technically wrong: The gravitational field of the lens star does not focus the light of the observed source star like a convex lens. Instead, light rays closer to the lens star experience a stronger bending (rather than a weaker one). Can this figure be replaced? I have contacted NASA JPL on this issue.

Martin Dominik, 21 February 2006

There are plenty of good illustrations about microlensing floating around on the web, but I don't know how to get around the copyright restrictions. David s graff 13:13, 20 March 2006 (UTC)

Fresh Start
I felt like this page needed a new start, so I did a major overhall. Rather than adding my own work to some of the previous work, I included nearly all the pre-existing links and ideas to my own description. I've introduced many sections, currently blank, to be filled in later, but done some major overhall on the links to collaborations. My apologies to the previous contributors if I've left something out.

I don't know why, but it seems to me that Astronomy articles lag behind other technical fields in Wikipedia. Perhaps Astronomers are less likely to use Wikipedia than computer scientists. Perhaps its just because as an Astronomer, my expectations are higher. Or perhaps the neglect of this article reflects how the once red-hot field of microlensing has passed its glory. David s graff 10:35, 21 March 2006 (UTC)

Detecting Planets
Something that is not clear in the article is how different things are detected. As far as I can tell (from reading), microlensing occurs when a body passes in front of a distant light source. But that sounds no different from gravitational lensing.

From the attached article (Low-Mass Exoplanet), it sounds more like this: Gravitational microlensing is when a body passes in front of a gravitational lens. So a distant star, a closer star, and the closer star's planet all align. We detect the planet because of the change in the lens effect as the planet joins the alignment. (The planet passes in and out of alignment while the other stay aligned.) Does that sounds like an accurate description? --Daev 16:11, 17 April 2006 (UTC)

 * Microlensing is gravitational lensing - it's just on a smaller scale. The detection of planets using it is when the lensing star has a planet which also does some of the lensing. Mike Peel 16:55, 17 April 2006 (UTC)
 * Well, yes. But it's a subset isn't it? Like red light is a subset of visible light. There's no point in a separate article if the subset equals the superset. Since the article doesn't seem to mention anything that differentiates the two, I'm confused.

 * Unless you mean that gravitational lensing is the theory and microlensing is the practice, or something like that.

 * Saw your edits and modified. I assume you meant transit method? Or perhaps, astrometry. I'm not so sure that it should be in the Exotic Microlensing section (is this really an exotic use for it?). --Daev 17:27, 17 April 2006 (UTC)

 * A better example would be visible light being a subset of the EM spectrum. Gravitational lensing is generally split into Strong (usually just called Gravitational Lensing), Weak and Microlensing.
 * This article is very much a work in progress atm; when I get the time, I'll add a lot more to it.
 * You were correct with transit, not transient. I've been working a lot with transient events recently, hence the slip. Thanks for correcting it. I put it in the 'exotic' section, as it's not a common thing to detect in microlensing events - of the order of 1 in 100 microlensing events - hence it's 'exotic', i.e. different from the norm. Mike Peel 18:14, 17 April 2006 (UTC)

 * 'Gravitational lensing' means the bending of radiation due to the gravitational field, which can involve any mass scale of the deflector and any distance scale. 'Microlensing' is a special case with a fuzzy definition (in fact, there are at least four different ones, which partially overlap: lensing with unresolved images, lensing with ~ micro-as deflection, splitting of macro-image into micro-images by substructure in a deflector, or lensing by compact objects). Two observed effects are commonly described as 'gravitational microlensing': the variation of lensed quasar images caused by individual stars in the lensing galaxy, and the brightening of background stars in our own or neighbouring galaxies caused by an intervening foreground lens star (galactic microlensing). Planets around the lens star alter the gravitational field and therefore can affect the observed light curve during a microlensing event, which is not a superposition of the effects by isolated planet and host star. Instead, the tidal field (and higher orders) of the source star at the position of the planet significantly increases its detection probability. The duration of the planetary signal (hours to days) is much shorter than the orbital period, so that the motion of the planet relative to its host star can typically be neglected. MD:astronomer 22:26, 17 April 2006 (UTC)

I've tried to fix the fuzzyness of the definition of microlensing with a new one: Microlensing is the subset of gravitational lensing whose variations in time can be measured. Typically, this means that the lens mass must be small enough that it will cross its own Einstein ring radius in less than the time it takes for a graduate student to finish a PhD thesis. The EROS collaboration is analysing our own and MACHOs data for evidence of very long time scale events of order 100s or 1000s of years (see sec. 5.6 of ). Although these may not be confirmed as microlensing events (rather than some other very long time-scale variability), the non-detection of these events would allow a limit on dark matter by 100-1000 Mo MACHOs. Any event where the lens mass is so big and far away that it takes millions of years to cross its einstein ring radius, and thus changes too slowly in time to be studied in the time domain, is a "macrolens".

I also disagree with the four definitions by MDAstronomer. It is not true that any lensing event with unresolved images is microlensing. A galaxy can lens a quasar, but have the images be too close to be resolved. This is not microlensing. Likewise,lensing by a compact object does not describe microlensing. "Any" gravitational lens must be physically smaller or about the same size as its own einstein radius to cause any measurable lensing effect. That is why we do not see any lensing effects from the Moon. It is so close that its Einstein radius is tiny. However, if the moon were a few kiloparsecs away, its einstein radius would be larger than its physical radius and it could be a perfectly ordinary microlens. The supermassive black hole at the center of the milky way is a compact object, but it cannot be a microlens... its einstein radius is too big for any changes in lensing to be monitored in time. It could in principle be a macrolens if there were a quasar right behind it. The microlensing at the edges of gravitationally lensed quasars is called microlensing because it causes time-varying effects in the apparent flux of the images. This has been significant because it interferes with attempts to use these gravitational lenses to measure the Hubble Constant.

The time-varying nature of a microlens is the key to all of its observations. And the need to take over large blocks of telescope time to do microlensing has revolutionized time-domain astronomy in general, in part through a bureaucratic reorganization of Telescope Allocation Committees and the advent of dedicated telescopes. There have been great resulting changes not only in microlensing but in searches for supernovae, asteroids, variable stars.

None of the various types of microlensing observations (photometric brightenning, astrometric shift, interferometric visibility reduction due to image splitting, shifts in color, spectrum, or variability amplitude) are strong enough to determine a microlensing event from a single observation. All of them require detecting some change in time, if only because there are plenty of natural causes that can mimic any one of the shifts for a single measurement. For example, how could one seperate a star which was split into two images from an ordinary binary star without time-domain information?

I disagree with Mike's splitting of lensing into strong, weak and microlensing. A lens is strong if it is within one Einstein radius of the line of sight to the source, and weak otherwise. Nearly all photometric microlenses are strong lenses, but astrometric lensing is much more sensitive to weak lensing than photometric lensing. Eddington's verification of general relativity was classic weak astrometric microlensing, and we will use SIM to study weak astrometric microlensing to measure the masses of other stars. David s graff 22:17, 2 June 2006 (UTC)

2nd paragraph
in the second paragraph, it says: "When a nearby object passes in front of a distant star or quasar, the gravity of the nearby object magnifies the distant star. By detecting that magnification, astronomers can study the near star." Don't we want that last word to be "object," not "star"? Because before we were talking about some object that might not be a star. Am I right? If so, could someone change it? Thanks.
 * You are right. Changed. Christianvinter 15:43, 5 February 2007 (UTC)
 * In fact, 'nearby object' is technically wrong. The probability for (phometric) microlensing tends to zero as the lens object gets close to the observer. A lens object half-way between source and observer is ideal. I took that opportunity to rephrase some other paragraphs. When I find some time, I should make further edits with respect to the historic developments. Maybe someone could send me a reminder? MD:astronomer 23:17, 10 February 2007 (UTC)

"the bending of light due to its gravitational field, as discussed by Einstein in 1915, leads to two [sic] distorted unresolved images" - surely that is wrong? That's what you get with a two-dimensional drawing of the phenomenon on a piece of paper, but it really takes place in 3D. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 92.14.30.2 (talk) 23:39, 5 March 2012 (UTC)

reversing the lens?
Anyone seen comments along the lines of anywhere we are seeing something through a gravitational lens they (if anyone is there) are seeing us? Just looking for refs....--Smkolins (talk) 03:13, 22 March 2008 (UTC)
 * You mean the Sun-Earth system, the whole solar system or what? If someone was observing the Solar System -- no matter almost which way -- if they were lucky enough to see any planets, it would be completely dominated by Jupiter. Anyway, yes there are papers touching on this subject, and it is relevant to this article at some point. Christianvinter (talk) 10:02, 27 March 2008 (UTC)
 * There's a fair bit of chatter in the news of forth coming efforts specifically to identify Earth-type planets and I think micro-lensing was mentioned too. I'd presume in a microlensing environment any place we find could see us- certainly picking up Jupiter first but if they have an equivalent scope then they should be able to see Earth. If they are there and watching of course. I suppose that pattern is true of non-microlensing situations too (looking at our system with big enough scopes etc. but I thought of it in the microlensing situation first because it has some extreme distances it covers if you then look at the larger scale lensing. I've not seen references to it yet and would like refs if they are public.--Smkolins (talk) 11:07, 27 March 2008 (UTC)
 * Microlensing is generally used to study the *lens*, not the *source*, and in particular planet detections are always planets around the lens. When we see a source get lensed, we're studying the object between us and the source, not the source itself. If someone at the source were looking back at us, they could see our sun get lensed, but it wouldn't be especially useful for, say, detecting planets around our sun. Cosmologicon (talk) 23:02, 2 April 2008 (UTC)
 * Thats not true. Microlensing has been used to study the source stars, and has the potential to search for planets around source stars as well.  For example, and as detailed in http://spiff.rit.edu/classes/phys440/lectures/limb/limb.html, microlensing has been used to study limb darkening in source stars and is the only technique to study the surface of single stars besides the Sun and Betelgeuse.  I've written a paper describing the use of microlensing to look for planets around source stars: Graff & Gaudi, Astrophysical Journal 2000  David s graff (talk) 19:25, 31 October 2008 (UTC)

More work to be done
This page seems pretty dead, which is too bad. I'll start bugging my microlensing buddies to help out with it. I've recently added some more text on other observables theta_E and r_E tilde/pi_E, and a new section of discussion of some other effects.

The introduction promises a discussion of how microlensing can be used to study a huge range of phenomena such as cosmic strings. Either we should put in links to papers proposing these different ideas, or discuss them here in the article. David s graff (talk) 16:55, 19 May 2009 (UTC)

Is this a typo? Is there a missing word?
What the hell does this mean: "...leads to two distorted unresolved images resulting in an observable magnification..." .

Does it mean that the image doubles, but is not resolved, so it just looks slightly bigger?

Or is the "observable magnification" of the light intensity; that is, the image is unresolved and therefore looks the same, but it is brighter? Old_Wombat (talk) 11:38, 22 May 2011 (UTC)

 * Oh wait, found a better one. http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0b/Gravitationell-lins-4.jpg
 * I apparently have no idea how to use links. Sorry. 74.132.249.206 (talk) 14:35, 25 September 2011 (UTC)

 * See: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Gravitational_micro_rev.svg 74.132.249.206 (talk) 14:28, 25 September 2011 (UTC)

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Use of the term "constrain"
Regarding this paragraph in the lede:

 * "Microlensing by an isolated object was first detected in 1989. Since then, microlensing has been used to constrain the nature of the dark matter, detect exoplanets, study limb darkening in distant stars, constrain the binary star population, and constrain the structure of the Milky Way's disk. Microlensing has also been proposed as a means to find dark objects like brown dwarfs and black holes, study starspots, measure stellar rotation, and probe quasars[1][2] including their accretion disks.[3][4][5][6] Microlensing was used in 2018 to detect Icarus, the most distant star ever observed.[7][8]"

If you read the sources, you can see that microlensing can be used to enable astronomers to constrain certain otherwise unknown aspects of an investigation ... say an upper limit of some variable. But to say the microlensing can "constrain the structure of the Milky Way's disk", is perhaps overstating the power of gravitational lensing ... The astronomer can use the data obtained to "constrain" their understanding of the thing under investigation, but certainly not the object itself.

I think a preferable word would simply be "understand". Since then, microlensing has been used to understand the nature of the dark matter, etc.

Since this is in the lede, I didn't want to wade in there and rewrite without getting other opinions, in case this use of the word is somehow normal for the subject matter. I'll take a stab at it if I do not hear any objections in the month or so. Bobsd (talk) 18:36, 13 January 2022 (UTC)

 * Yes, it's a jargonistic usage in physics and some other sciences. It applies to the range of possibilities, in which theoreticians imagine what might be, and more detailed study shows that some part of that range cannot be. For example, we are in a ship and want to know how deep the water is. We know the whole planet can't be water, so it's less than 7000 km deep. We look down, and decide we are seeing 10 meters down and it's all just water. So, it's somewhere in the range of ten meters to 5000 km. We use a sounding weight on a kilometer of rope, and don't hit bottom, so now we have further "constrained" the depth to be between one and 7000 kilometers deep. Similarly, are detectable microlenses more numerous or less numerous, than stars? If we have found that they cannot be less numerous, or cannot be more numerous, we have "constrained" the range of possibilities. This bit of jargon is well understood among practitioners, but we're not writing for practitioners; we're writing for outsiders who are unfamiliar with the jargon of this trade. Jim.henderson (talk) 14:15, 16 January 2022 (UTC)
 * I think that means we are in agreement. Jargon is often used to avoid the need to be specific.  The only current usage in the lede that is specific enough to add any information to the article is "constrain the binary star population" since it points to population, a value that could have some limit.  But to use it for "nature" and "structure" is just too broad.  I just retired as a software quality engineer, so yeah ... jargon.  I'll sleep on making the changes.  Thanks for the input.  Bobsd (talk) 17:09, 20 January 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Gravitational microlensing


text:
Talk:John H. Reagan

Succession boxes wrong
Whoever added the succession boxes says his first service in Congress began in 1829. Reagan was eleven that year. PedanticallySpeaking 16:33, August 16, 2005 (UTC)
 * I've corrected the dates using info from United States House of Representatives, Texas District 1. -JCarriker 14:09, August 17, 2005 (UTC)

GA Re-Review and In-line citations
Members of the WikiProject Good articles are in the process of doing a re-review of current Good Article listings to ensure compliance with the standards of the Good Article Criteria. (Discussion of the changes and re-review can be found here). A significant change to the GA criteria is the mandatory use of some sort of in-line citation (In accordance to WP:CITE) to be used in order for an article to pass the verification and reference criteria. Currently this article does not include in-line citations. It is recommended that the article's editors take a look at the inclusion of in-line citations as well as how the article stacks up against the rest of the Good Article criteria. GA reviewers will give you at least a week's time from the date of this notice to work on the in-line citations before doing a full re-review and deciding if the article still merits being considered a Good Article or would need to be de-listed. If you have any questions, please don't hesitate to contact us on the Good Article project talk page or you may contact me personally. On behalf of the Good Articles Project, I want to thank you for all the time and effort that you have put into working on this article and improving the overall quality of the Wikipedia project. Agne 23:32, 25 September 2006 (UTC)

Place of birth
It's been a few years, but as I remember Gatlinburg is at the SW end of Wear's Valley. Sevierville is at the NE end. They are not the same town, or even adjacent. The list of communities includes Reagantown, which was quite possibly named after John Henninger Reagan, since he is our only listed "notable person." I won't assume he was born there, but I DO intend to change his place of birth to Sevier County until someone cites evidence for one town or the other. Rags (talk) 08:35, 14 April 2014 (UTC)

 * Gatlinburg and Sevierville are not in Wears Valley, but they're certainly not the same town or even adjacent, so "Sevier County" is probably best. Iirc, Reagan was born in Gatlinburg, though it was called White Oak Flats at the time.  I'll check sources when I get home.  "Reagan" is like "Jones" in Sevier County, so Reagantown isn't necessarily named for John H.  Bms4880 (talk) 15:27, 14 April 2014 (UTC)

Common name
Regarding the move of this page, John H. Reagan (60%) and John Reagan (32%) are the only iterations of Reagan's name that constitute over 5% of references to him on newspapers.com in Texas from 1850 to 1910. Star Garnet (talk) 17:29, 16 June 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:John H. Reagan


text:
Beaumont Leys

Beaumont Leys is a suburb and electoral ward in north-western Leicester, in the Leicester district, in the ceremonial county of Leicestershire, England. The population of the ward during the 2021 census was 18,808, rising from 16,480 in the 2011 census. Locally, Beaumont Leys is usually used in reference to the large housing estate, built within the administrative division, centred on Strasbourg Drive.

Geography
Beaumont Leys is located within the city boundary of Leicester, although prior to the 2011 census, the Office for National Statistics considered Beaumont Leys as an environ, distinct from the city. Beaumont Leys is bordered by the wards of Abbey to the east, Fosse to the south-east and New Parks to the south. North and west of the area are the Leicestershire villages of Anstey and Glenfield.

History
The word 'Beaumont' means 'beautiful hill/mountain'.

The area before the 1970s was mainly farmland and a sewage system, however started to be invested in by the council and local private housing companies. The area was largely developed from the 1970s onwards, and continues to expand into the surrounding countryside. It includes several large housing estates, industrial areas (including the main factory for Walkers) and a large area of modern housing, with large parts divided up into smaller estates such as Anstey Heights, Thurcaston Park, Ashton Green and Verdant Rise.

Newer areas of Beaumont Leys include the Anstey Heights, towards Castle Hill Park and the village of Anstey, as well as the Thurcaston Park housing developments on the North side of Beaumont Leys and Bradgate Heights on the land surrounded by Glenfield, Anstey and Beaumont Leys. The Thurcaston Park development is expected to have 2000 homes once the estate is finished.

Civil parish
Beaumont Leys was formerly an extra-parochial tract, from 1858 Beaumont Leys was a civil parish in its own right until it was abolished on 1 April 1935 and merged with Leicester, parts also went to Anstey and Thurcaston. In 1931 the parish had a population of 169.

Amenities and facilities
The Beaumont Shopping Centre is the main facility, one of the largest shopping areas in the city suburbs. There is also a church, a large leisure centre, a library and a police station nearby. Smaller shopping precincts tend to be on land that was previously occupied by farms, such as the Astil Lodge shops. In 2023, Leicester City Council announced the closure of Beaumont Leys market.

There are also several schools including Babington Academy and Beaumont Leys School. The latter is now a specialised science school and was rebuilt in 2009 with a City Learning Centre built next to it.

Primary schools in the area include Beaumont Lodge Primary school, Heatherbrook primary school, Buswells Lodge Primary School and Glebelands primary school.

The area includes a large industrial estate, which includes the main Walkers Crisps factory and Office Depot alongside Trelleborg, as well as a smaller industrial estate to the south.

The Leicester Lions speedway team compete in the Elite League and their home track is at Beaumont Park.

Transport
Beaumont Leys is mainly served by two companies First Leicester who operate routes;

 * 14A,

 * 25/26,
 * 54,
 * 74.

And Centrebus who operate routes;

 * 154,
 * 40 (Orbital)
 * HH (Hospital Hopper, formerly UHL)

The Heritage Railway "The Great Central Railway" also has a station in the area located in Mowmacre Hill named Leicester North which is rebuilt just south of the previous station on the site Belgrave and Birstall railway station. They operate a seasonal service with plans to reconect to the East Midlands Mainline in Loughborough.

The A46 trunk road bypasses Beaumont Leys through Castle Hill Country Park and is accessible by the Anstey Junction. The A46 leads on to the M1.

Notable People

 * Gok Wan attended Babington Academy in the Beaumont Leys area in the 1990's.

title: Beaumont Leys


text: Category:Magic: The Gathering sets

title: Category:Magic: The Gathering sets


text:
Corey Schwab

Corey Schwab (born November 4, 1970) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey goaltender. He was drafted in the 10th round, 200th overall in the 1990 NHL Entry Draft by the New Jersey Devils. Schwab won the 2003 Stanley Cup with the New Jersey Devils and the 1995 Calder Cup with the Albany River Rats.

Playing career
Following a three-year WHL career in Seattle, Schwab saw time with the ECHL's Cincinnati Cyclones and the AHL's Utica Devils before settling in with the AHL's Albany River Rats for two seasons. During the 1994-95 season, Schwab was joined by fellow 1990 draftee Mike Dunham between the pipes. While Schwab led the league in goals against average with 2.59, the two combined for the AHL's fewest goals against and were awarded the Harry "Hap" Holmes Memorial Trophy as well as the Jack A. Butterfield Trophy as the playoff MVP's helping the River Rats capture their first Calder Cup title.

The next season, Schwab saw his first action in the NHL when he was called up to New Jersey where he appeared in ten games. At the end of the season, he was traded to the Tampa Bay Lightning, where he stayed for three seasons. He then went out West to the Vancouver Canucks for another brief stay and spent time that year with the AHL's Syracuse Crunch and IHL's Orlando Solar Bears before moving on to play with the IHL's Kansas City Blades in 2000-01.

Schwab began the 2001-02 season at the Toronto Maple Leafs' training camp without a contract. After an impressive pre-season, he was signed to the team as the backup goaltender for Curtis Joseph. Schwab started 30 games for the Leafs and had a career high 12 wins before signing as a free agent in the off-season with the team that originally drafted him back in 1990, the New Jersey Devils.

The return to New Jersey was very timely for Schwab, as the Devils claimed the Stanley Cup in 2003 - the franchise's third title in nine years and Schwab's first as a player.

Schwab's final game was played on January 17, 2004 where he posted a 2–1 overtime victory over the Washington Capitals. Schwab finished his career having played in 147 regular season NHL games amassing 43 wins, 63 losses and 13 ties with a goals against average of 2.89, a save percentage of .896, and 6 shutouts. Schwab appeared in 40 minutes of postseason action over 3 games with the Maple Leafs and Devils stopping all 13 shots he faced.

He served as goaltending development coach and scout for three seasons (2005–08) with the Tampa Bay Lightning. He was the goaltending development coach for the San Jose Sharks (2008-2015). He is currently the goaltending coach for the Arizona Coyotes.

Awards
AHL Second All-Star Team (1995)

1995 Calder Cup champion - Albany River Rats

Harry "Hap" Holmes Memorial Award (Fewest goals against - AHL) (1995) (co-winner - Mike Dunham)

Jack A. Butterfield Trophy (Playoff MVP - AHL) (1995) (co-winner - Mike Dunham)

2003 Stanley Cup champion - New Jersey Devils

Transactions
Traded to Tampa Bay by New Jersey for Jeff Reese, Chicago's 2nd round choice (previously acquired, New Jersey selected Pierre Dagenais) in 1996 Entry Draft and Tampa Bay's 8th round choice (Jay Bertsch) in 1996 Entry Draft, June 22, 1996.

Claimed by Atlanta from Tampa Bay in Expansion Draft, June 25, 1999.

Traded to Vancouver by Atlanta for Vancouver's 4th round choice (Carl Mallette) in 2000 Entry Draft, October 29, 1999.

Signed as a free agent by Toronto, October 1, 2001.

Signed as a free agent by New Jersey, July 8, 2002. Missed majority of 2003-04 due to groin injury vs. NY Rangers, November 15, 2003 that led to his retirement.

title: Corey Schwab


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Lac Courte Oreilles Band of Lake Superior Chippewa Indians

The Lac Courte Oreilles Tribe (Odaawaa-zaaga'iganiing) is one of six federally recognized bands of Ojibwe people located in present-day Wisconsin. It had 7,275 enrolled members as of 2010. The band is based at the Lac Courte Oreilles Indian Reservation in northwestern Wisconsin, which surrounds Lac Courte Oreilles (Odaawaa-zaaga'igan in the Ojibwe language, meaning "Ottawa Lake"). The main reservation's land is in west-central Sawyer County, but two small plots of off-reservation trust land are located in Rusk, Burnett, and Washburn counties. The reservation was established in 1854 by the second Treaty of La Pointe.

The Lac Courte Oreille ceded land under a treaty they signed with the United States in 1837, the 1842 Treaty of La Pointe, and the first 1854 Treaty of La Pointe. The tribal reservation has a land area of 108.36 sqmi, including the trust lands and a population of 2,968 persons as of the 2020 census. The most populous community is Little Round Lake, at the reservation's northwest corner. It is south of the non-reservation city of Hayward, the county seat of Sawyer County.

Reservation
Lac Courte Oreilles is a land which is almost entirely covered by a forest and several lakes. To the northeast and east of Lac Courte Oreilles Reservation is Chequamegon National Forest, which was established in 1933 during the Great Depression. White-owned lumber companies had cleared the land of the trees earlier in the century and, during the Depression, Civilian Conservation Corps workers planted new trees.

Today, both the Lac Courte Oreilles Reservation and Chequamegon National Forest are recovering from the clear-cutting conducted by the lumber companies. Numerous lakes are within the borders of Lac Courte Oreilles Reservation or border it, including Ashegon, Blueberry, Chief, Cristner, Devils, Green, Grindstone, Gurno, Lac Courte Oreilles, Lake Chippewa, Little Round, Little Lac Courte Oreilles, Pokegama, Rice, Scott, Osprey, Spring, Summit, and Tyner lakes.

Within the Reservation borders is the protected Grindstone Creek State Wildlife Management Area. Wild rice, called manoomin in Ojibwe language, grows on many of the waterways on the Lac Courte Oreilles Reservation. Citizens of the Reservation still harvest it in the traditional way and it is one of the staples of the community.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the combined reservation and off-reservation trust land have a total area of 124.35 sqmi, of which 108.36 sqmi is land and 15.99 sqmi is water.

Reservation demographics
Lac Courte Orellies is one of several reservations that has a relatively large non-Native population within its borders. Broken treaty promises allowed settlement by white squatters and the US allowed them to stay.

As of the census of 2020, the combined population of the Lac Courte Oreilles Reservation and off-reservation trust land was 2,968. The population density was 27.4 PD/sqmi. There were 2,102 housing units at an average density of 19.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the reservation and off-reservation trust land was 72.3% Native American, 21.3% White, 0.2% Black or African American, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 0.2% from other races, and 6.0% from two or more races. Ethnically, the population was 1.7% Hispanic or Latino of any race.

According to the American Community Survey estimates for 2016-2020, the median income for a household (including the reservation and off-reservation trust land) was $33,590, and the median income for a family was $49,706. Male full-time workers had a median income of $30,801 versus $28,974 for female workers. The per capita income was $19,251. About 27.5% of families and 33.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 45.4% of those under age 18 and 13.6% of those age 65 or over. Of the population age 25 and over, 90.0% were high school graduates or higher and 15.3% had a bachelor's degree or higher.

Government and economy
The band is federally recognized as a tribe and has its own elected government, consisting of a chairman and tribal council. Members are elected from enrolled members of the tribe and elected to serve four-year terms with elections staggered every two years.

It owns and operates a tribal college, Lac Courte Oreilles Ojibwa Community College, located in Hayward. The Tribe owns and operates the Sevenwinds Casino, to generate revenue for its people's welfare. It also operates a community radio station, WOJB-FM.

The reservation hosts an "Honor the Earth" Pow Wow every summer. Rock drummer Mickey Hart's recording of some of the performers, Honor The Earth Powwow--Songs Of The Great Lake Indians, became a minor national hit in 1991.

History
The Anishinaabe, part of the Algonquian languages family of peoples originating along the Atlantic Coast, migrated west and have lived in what is now northern Wisconsin for a long time. Following the Seven Fires Prophecy, Anishinaabe leaders ordered their warriors to expand to the west after they learned that the people mentioned in the prophecy had invaded in the East. They also sent their soldiers as far east as Maine and as far south as Florida, to defend Indian land from the white invaders. According to Native American historian William W. Warren, Anishinaabe people were living in northern Wisconsin before 1492 and the arrival of Christopher Columbus in the Caribbean area.

The Dakota Indians referred to the Anishinaabe as the Ra-ra-to-oans, which means "People of the Falls." The French adopted the name.

In the 17th century, "The arrival of French fur traders to the area provided the Chippewa with a market for their hunting skills, and in exchange, the Chippewa received guns, knives, cloth, liquor, and other manufactured goods. The acquisition of these products changed their lives and disturbed the nomadic nature of their patterns of existence. The French fur traders were readily accepted by the Chippewa because of the way they embraced the Chippewa culture. They learned the language and married Chippewa women."

During 1661-62, the French fur traders Radisson and Groseilliers journeyed four days from Madeline Island to a Huron Indian village, believed to be near the present village of Reserve on the Lac Courte Oreilles reservation. The French received permission to use the Indian lands for passage.

The French and their Indian allies gained control of the lands east of Lake Michigan: what are now known as New York, southern Ontario, and parts of Ohio and Pennsylvania. That changed in 1680 after Anishinabe warriors were sent to the east to war on the white invaders and their Indian allies. By 1700, Anishinaabe soldiers had driven the whites back to the eastern coast, where they had large fortified settlements. Anishinaabe soldiers subjugated the Indian allies of the whites, who are known historically as the Five Nations of the Iroquois Confederacy. Anishinaabe people absorbed them into their population in New York and southern Ontario.

During the 17th and 18th centuries, control of northern Wisconsin and northeastern Minnesota was hotly contested by the Santee Sioux (Dakota) and the Lake Superior Chippewa (Ojibwe/Anishinaabe). By the close of the 18th century, the Ojibwe had pushed the Dakota out of Wisconsin and much of northern Minnesota to areas west of the Mississippi River. Although the 1825 First Treaty of Prairie du Chien recognized only a small portion of present-day Wisconsin as Dakota land, throughout the 18th and well into the 19th centuries, the Dakota and Ojibwe continued to launch military expeditions into each other's territories. The Battle of the Brule, which took place in October, 1842 was a battle between the La Pointe Band of Ojibwe Indians and a war party of Dakota Indians, with the Ojibwe being victorious.

Later on in the 18th and early 19th centuries, more wars were fought between the Anishinaabeg and European Americans. English colonists had taken over rule from the French in eastern Canada and also established dominance up to the Appalachian Mountains in the Thirteen Colonies below the Great Lakes. At the end of the 18th century, those colonies achieved independence as the United States of America. Its settlers had already invaded Indian country west of the Appalachians, and more moved west. The US defeated an alliance of tribes in the Northwest Indian War, opening the area north of the Ohio River and east of the Mississippi to more settlement by European Americans.

The War of 1812 between the US and Great Britain was entered into by the Great Lakes Anishinaabeg on the side of Britain in an effort to defend their land. After the war, they signed treaties with the United States, but these were not honored. American settlers continued to encroach on their territories around the Great Lakes. In 1854, the second Treaty of La Pointe with the US established what is now the Lac Courte Oreilles Reservation, in addition to other reservations for Ojibwe in this region.

In the late 19th century, with increased European-American settlement, the United States wanted to relocate all Native Americans from Michigan and Wisconsin to west of the Mississippi River, proposing to consolidate them on the White Earth Reservation in Minnesota. The proposed relocation plan proved futile. The tribes resisted and a minor rebellion broke out in 1898 on the Leech Lake Reservation of northern Minnesota. The US finally left the tribes in small rural reservations in these areas.

Communities
Lac Courte Oreilles reservation has several communities within its borders; most are predominately Native American in population. Little Round Lake is the largest community within the reservation, with a population of 1,081 in the 2010 census. Native Americans make up 90% of the community's population.

Chief Lake is a predominantly Indian community, with 80% of the population. New Post has 72% Ojibwe residents. Reserve has a population that is 88% Native American. Northwoods Beach is located on the Reservation's west end, between Grindstone Lake and Lac Courte Oreilles.

None of the Lac Courte Oreilles communities has developed to the level of a city or town. Most of the population of Reserve is scattered, although the heart of the community is a more dense village. The community's housing units are located in the woods.

 * Chief Lake
 * Little Round Lake
 * New Post
 * Northwoods Beach
 * Reserve

Notable tribal members

 * Ah-shah-way-gee-she-go-qua (Aazhawigiizhigokwe, Hanging Cloud), 19th c. Lac Courte Oreilles Ojibwe woman warrior
 * David Wayne "Famous Dave" Anderson, entrepreneur
 * Diane Burns, poet
 * Paul DeMain, journalist and founder of News from Indian Country. He is known for late 20th-century reporting on the unsolved murder of AIM activist Anna Mae Aquash, related to murders of FBI agents at the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation. His work contributed to the re-opening of her case by federal and state officials in the late 20th century and the prosecution of people for her kidnapping and murder. He publicly withdrew his support for Leonard Peltier, an AIM activist previously convicted and sentenced to prison in relation to the deaths of two FBI agents.
 * Jim Denomie, visual artist
 * Nenaa'angebi (Beautifying Bird), twin son of Ozaawindib, and a prominent leader of the Ojibwe in the 19th century
 * Ozaawindib (O-za-win-dib, also known as Yellow Head) was an 18th-century Ojibwa chief of the Prairie Rice Lake Band of Lake Superior Chippewa Indians. Originally located near Rice Lake, Wisconsin, the band consolidated with the Lac Courte Oreilles Band. He was of the Niibinaabe-doodem (Merman Clan). He fought in the Battle of Prairie Rice Lake in 1798. He and Wolf's Father were killed by a Dakota raider while they were hunting at the mouth of Hay River.
 * Chief Zhaagobe (Six), twin son of Ozaawindib and also a chief of the Ojibwe in this area in the 19th century.


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Namibia African People's Democratic Organisation

The Namibia African People's Democratic Organisation (NAPDO) was a political party in Namibia, based amongst the Damara people. It was founded in 1970.

In 1972 NAPDO joined the National Convention (NC, later NNC).

In 1976 NAPDO left the Namibia National Convention, and merged with the South West Africa People's Organisation (SWAPO).


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Wikipedia:Featured article candidates/John Henninger Reagan/archive1

John Henninger Reagan
Self nom. Profile of a 19th century Texas politician who served as a Congressman, Senator, and Postmaster of the Confederacy. Stable article, illustrated, complete, and has references. PedanticallySpeaking 14:59, July 12, 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment: I moved the picture to infobox format, but I found the article a little short, and the lack of headings was a little irritating. --Scimitar 15:11, 12 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Don't see the need for the infobox format for the photo since his dates are right there in the lead. I added some headings.  PedanticallySpeaking 15:15, July 12, 2005 (UTC)

 * Object, good article and quite informative, but too short. Phoenix2 16:50, July 12, 2005 (UTC)
 * Object. I agree with Phoenix. -- Zantastik 19:50, July, 2005 (UTC)
 * mild support It does seem short, but I'm not so sure what needs to be added; you've already touched on all the topics that I would want to see in a biography article. The structure is good and flows well chronologically.  Are there any other images that could be added such as during his military or political careers? slambo 11:13, July 13, 2005 (UTC)
 * Object. The article is well-written and well-formatted, but it is much too short to be a FA (maybe short is the wrong word - FA's should be comprehensive). Ronline 11:27, 13 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment: Regarding the shortness objection, I quote from the FAC guidelines. An FA "covers the topic in its entirety; does not omit any major facts or details" and "should stay tightly-focused on the main topic without going into unnecessary detail."  PedanticallySpeaking 16:32, July 13, 2005 (UTC)
 * Object. While I agree that an article shoudln't go into all the minutiae of this man's life, it simply isn't comprehensive enough yet to merit featured status. --Zantastik talk  16:49, 13 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment I'm curious to know what all the objectors think is missing from the article to disqualify it as not comprehensive. All the key points that I look for in a biography are there, so what do you all think should be expanded?  slambo 19:25, July 13, 2005 (UTC)


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Talk:Periods in Western art history

Expansion

 * Early (pre-Modern) periods are weak
 * The list is Western-centric. Needs to be either labeled as such or expanded.

-->>sparkit| TALK << 14:59, July 12, 2005 (UTC)

I added 'Western' to lead, though expansion seems to me a better route. -->>sparkit| TALK << 15:42, July 12, 2005 (UTC)

 * Definitely requires expansion in elaboration of current and addition of earlier periods and other civilizations. 216.124.224.224 17:39, 7 February 2007 (UTC)

Collaboration of the Week: Girl
Fellow Wikipedians,

a few of us are collaborating on the article girl this week, and would like to add a section about "the girl in art". If any of you who are familiar with art history of various periods would like to come over and assist, we would welcome you! We're working on a draft section on the talk page. Mamawrites 08:58, 8 September 2005 (UTC)

Timeline/periods
This page is trying to do too much all at once. Since this is a page about art periods, I can't see how art about a geographical area or religion fit in. I think using Timeline of architecture as a guide might be useful. I'm sure there will be some sore of merge with Art movements as well.--Clubmarx 00:06, 29 May 2006 (UTC)

 * The intent was to add the art periods for those regions. The article is weighted towards Western art and could be renamed to "Western art periods" to give a more accurate portrayal of the content the article. When articles are written about the art periods of other regions similar pages could be created.

 * BTW, the formatting was in preparation to some day making the content into a table, and the inclusion of categories made it a useful reference page when categorizing art articles. >>sparkit|TALK<< 03:29, 29 May 2006 (UTC)

 * I'm not sure if there is a different between 'art period' and 'art movement'. Artlex doesn't seem to make a big distinction. On the Art movement page, it states that movements are almost exclusively of western art. Even if there were periods in many different regions, the page should be organized around time, not region; the page should perhaps be 'Timeline or art periods/movements' since there is already a List of art movements.

 * As for the formatting, it was in that state for a very long time. If you meant this to be more a tool than an article, it should probably be moved to a wikiproject and finished there. --Clubmarx 16:51, 29 May 2006 (UTC)

 * Organizing the article strictly by time might be confusing since the happenings in, say, 11th century China and 11th century Europe have little connection. However, what happened in 10th, 11th and 12th centuries in each region are related.

 * "Timeline" sounds fine -- "Timeline of Western art".

 * I used it as both an article and a tool, and I think it could still serve as both. >>sparkit|TALK<< 23:30, 29 May 2006 (UTC)

 * What if we have the timelines "separated" by regions? i.e. We could have columns or separate pages for Americas, Europe, Africa, Asia & Oceania. Movements and/or periods that are common for more than on region appear spanning region columns (merged cells).

 * Another idea is having a chart in which we have a line for each movement/period in a Timeline with the lenght of the period duration, so that readers can visualise every movements in the same chart in a comprehensive manner. Emburaman 13:09, Sep/20/2006 (UTC-3)

Difference between periods and movements
Art movements are usually defined as modern/contemporary and western, but periods are simply units of time. As such, "modern" is a period but "inpressionism" is a movement within that period. To that extent there should either be 2 pages--one for movements and one for periods--or movements should be embedded within the modern period. --Mortaddams 15:36, 4 July 2006 (UTC)

Specification of certain periods
There should be a brief explenation of what each period constitutes. For example the period from Renaissance to Romanticism was caracterised by strong influence from classical antiquity. If one looks at paintings from the mannerism, baroque, roccoco and neo-classical styles one can easily see that they are all bound by the same inspiration taken from antiquity. -- 10:10, 30 January 2007 —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 81.145.240.33 (talk) 22:14, 30 January 2007 (UTC).

Proposal
I would like to suggest a template which shows the art periods. Here is my idea:
 * Major art periods

Gothic art 1140–1500 > Renaissance 14th-17th c. > Baroque 1575 bis 1770 > Rococo 1720-1775 > Neoclassicism > classicism 1770-1830 > Romanticism 1790–1840 > Realism undefined > ...

to make a start. But we have to be careful not to mix up art movement and art periods. I probably mixed them here... Please help. The question is also: Do we limit that on the Western art or not. --77.4.54.173 (talk) 14:11, 15 May 2009 (UTC)

Schools of different European countries.
As a Greek I noticed Greek schools being referred at least four times and I was wondering if we should add more pages about schools of specific countries if there are any that aren't present here. 62.74.10.175 (talk) 12:49, 14 July 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Periods in Western art history


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Pmuj

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was SPEEDY DELETED. Postdlf 06:40, 20 July 2005 (UTC)

pmuj
Vanity neologism and nonsense --Gunmetal 14:59, 12 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Has been speedied several times. I was in the process of temp-blocking its creator. I would recommend it be speedied again, if another admin concurs. Fire Star 15:04, 12 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy delete as recreation of previously deleted content . -- Natalinasmpf 15:21, 12 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Utter nonsense. I would recomend speedy deletion and temporary baring of the user. This free encyclopedia should not be used for personal pleasure and recreation. Lofty 16:19, 12 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy per above. Dcarrano 16:28, July 12, 2005 (UTC) (Note: above being  Fire Star & Natalinasmpf)
 * Speedy Delete Kids. --Slac 16:32, 12 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy delete, and if this is recreation, I'd hate to see work... Dcarrano 16:46, July 12, 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy delete: Is there any reason not to speedy delete this nonsense? --Durin 17:45, 12 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy delete and protect against future recreation. -- BD2412 talk 18:06, July 12, 2005 (UTC)
 * deleted, protected, & template:deletedpage. Dunc|☺ 19:21, 12 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete vanity neologism. JamesBurns 04:55, 13 July 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Pmuj


text:
Helvellyn range

The Helvellyn range is the name given to a part of the Eastern Fells in the English Lake District, "fell" being the local word for "hill". The name comes from Helvellyn, the highest summit of the group.

The Helvellyn range forms a ridge extending for about 10 km, at no point dropping below 600 m. The ridge runs in a north–south direction, with Patterdale on the eastern side and the Thirlmere valley to the west. The village of Threlkeld lies directly to the north, below the northernmost point on the ridge, Clough Head.

Generally, the slopes above Thirlmere are steep and grassy, whilst the Patterdale side exhibits rockier features, due to cirque glaciation on the north east side of the ridge.

List of peaks
The majority of the peaks in the range lie directly on the north–south axis, although there are some outliers on the eastern side of the ridge.

 * Clough Head (726 m)
 * Great Dodd (856 m)
 * Watson's Dodd (789 m)
 * Stybarrow Dodd (843 m)
 * Green Side (795 m)
 * Hart Side (756 m)
 * Sheffield Pike (675 m)
 * Raise (883 m)
 * White Side (863 m)
 * Helvellyn Lower Man (925 m)
 * Helvellyn (950 m)
 * Catstye Cam (890 m)
 * Striding Edge (863 m)
 * Birkhouse Moor (718 m)
 * Nethermost Pike (891 m)
 * High Crag (884 m)
 * Dollywaggon Pike (858 m)

South of Dollywaggon Pike the land drops to a height of 574 m by the side of Grisedale Tarn at the head of Grisedale, before rising again to Seat Sandal. Dollywaggon Pike is usually considered to mark the southernmost peak of the Helvellyn range, although the term is sometimes used more broadly to include Fairfield and the other peaks north of Ambleside.

title: Helvellyn range


text:
Talk:Sister Ray (Song)

I've removed the lyrics. They are copyrighted and quoting an entire song is not permitted. Sorry about that. Quote from the song but please don't add lyrics. Zeimusu | (Talk page) 15:00, July 12, 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Sister Ray (Song)


text:
KHTV-CD

KHTV-CD (channel 6) is a low-power, Class A television station in Los Angeles, California, United States, airing programming from the digital multicast network MeTV+. It is owned and operated by Weigel Broadcasting alongside MeTV station KAZA-TV (channel 54), Catchy Comedy outlet KPOM-CD (channel 14), and MeTV Toons affiliate KSFV-CD (channel 27). The stations share offices on Grand Central Avenue in Glendale; KAZA-TV's transmitter is located at the Mount Harvard Radio Site in the San Gabriel Mountains.

Due to its low-power status, KHTV-CD's broadcasting radius does not reach all of Greater Los Angeles. Therefore, it relies on cable and satellite carriage to reach the entire market.

History
The station was founded on October 22, 1993. It signed on as K38EA on channel 38, before moving to channel 48 as KHTV-LP, starting in 2000 as an affiliate of now defunct Home Shopping en Español, later rebranding to HSE (a Spanish-language channel operated by parent channel Home Shopping Network) until HSE ceased operations in June 2002. When KOCE launched its digital signal on channel 48 in 2001, this displaced KHTV-LP to channel 67. It stayed on channel 67 until December 31, 2011, when the last of the LPTV stations still using out-of-core channels 52-69 had to vacate that spectrum. In 2012, KHTV-LP converted to digital as KHTV-LD and moved to channel 27. On July 11, 2012, the station received class A status and changed its call sign to KHTV-CD. In 2019, as part of the repack, KHTV-CD moved to its current channel 22 allocation, channel sharing with MeTV owned-and-operated station KAZA-TV. The KHTV call letters were originally used by an unrelated full-power station in Portland, Oregon, on channel 27, and in Houston on channel 39.

On February 28, 2022, KHTV-CD discontinued carrying Jewelry Television on 6.1 and replaced it with MeTV Plus. With this change, 6.1 was converted to 720p HD. All remaining subchannels carried by KHTV-CD were removed. MeTV Plus had been on KAZA-DT3 since its expansion to Weigel-owned stations in September 2021.

title: KHTV-CD


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Justus van Effen

Justus van Effen (21 February 1684 – 18 September 1735) was a Dutch author, who wrote chiefly in French but also made crucial contributions to Dutch literature. A journalist, he imitated The Spectator with the publication of the Dutch-language Hollandsche Spectator. He gained international fame as a writer of French periodicals and a translator from English into French, and he is also recognized as one of the most important Dutch language writers of the 18th century and an influential figure of the Dutch Enlightenment.

Life and works
He was born in Utrecht, the second child of Melchior and Maria van Effen. Justus van Effen planned a scholarly career, and around 1699 he began his studies at the University of Utrecht, but after the early death of his father (on 6 May 1706) he was forced to become a private tutor, taking responsibilities for his mother and sister. He had made acquaintances among French émigrés, in connection with whom he began literary life in 1713 by editing a French journal. From 1715 to 1727 he was a secretary at the Netherlands embassy in London, where he also became a member of the Royal Society, and later, served as a clerk in the Dutch government warehouses (1732).

What gained him fame, however, were his literary and journalistic endeavours. A translator from English to French, he translated Swift's "Tale of a Tub" into Dutch and Defoe's Robinson Crusoe, and is credited with a significant influence in the bringing of English literature to continental Europe.

An enthusiast for English periodicals, and in particular, The Spectator of Joseph Addison and Richard Steele, soon after first issues of The Spectator he launched Le Misanthrope (1711–1712) (a widely read journal referred to as "the first moralist periodical on the continent"), Le Bagatelle (1718–1719), Le nouveau Spectateur François  (1725) and then in his native language, the Hollandsche Spectator (1731–1735).

The Hollandsche Spectator was one of the most notable papers inspired by The Spectator. Its topics consisted of everything a coffeehouse audience would be interested in: politics, religion and morality, fashion, and humor. Socially conservative, written in a pleasing tone and style, it raised important issues, questioning the reasons behind the waning position of the Dutch Republic on the international scene, and served as literary and moral guide for the bourgeoisie. The Hollandsche Spectator is considered one of the achievements of the late 18th century Dutch literature, and an inspiration to much Dutch journalism and literature.

Van Effen died in 's-Hertogenbosch, aged 51.

title: Justus van Effen


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Richard Starkings

Richard Starkings (born 27 January 1962) is a British font designer and comic book letterer, editor and writer. He was one of the early pioneers of computer-based comic-book lettering, and is one of the most prolific creators in that industry.

Career
Starkings' lettering style was originally inspired by British comic strip letterers Bill Nuttall and Tom Frame. Starkings' UK career began with lettering jobs in 2000 AD's Future Shocks and various strips in Warrior. From there he moved to Marvel UK where he lettered Zoids in Spider-Man Weekly and Transformers before becoming an editor for the company in the late 1980s. Titles he edited included Death's Head and Dragon's Claws. However, by the beginning of the 1990s he devoted himself exclusively to lettering, finding work in the much larger comic-book industry in the United States.

His work in the Whoniverse has been mostly confined to two periods. He was variously a writer, editor and letterer during the Sixth and early Seventh Doctors' eras in the pages of Doctor Who Magazine. At this time, he also served in the staff position of "picture consultant" for a number of issues. Two decades later, he returned to the newly-created American centre of Whoniverse publishing at IDW Publishing, working on several issues involving the Tenth Doctor.

In the 20th century
Starkings edited Redemption!, Culture Shock!, Nemesis of the Daleks and Follow That TARDIS!. Usually under his pseudonym of Richard Alan or Zed, he wrote or co-wrote Time and Tide, the aforementioned Nemesis of the Daleks and Up Above the Gods. He lettered or co-lettered Frobisher's Story, The Gift, The World Shapers and Up Above the Gods.

In the 21st century
For the BBC Wales era of the Whoniverse, Starkings co-wrote Cold-Blooded War under his own name. It was also a story he lettered, along with The Whispering Gallery and most issues of The Forgotten. He was also one of the letterers on Rift War!

Beginning in 2014, he and Comicraft's Jimmy Betancourt lettered all of Titan Comics' Doctor Who comic book series.

In 1992 Starkings founded Comicraft, a studio which trains and employs letterers and designers and provides "Unique Design and Fine Lettering" services for comic books from many different publishers. In the mid-1990s Comicraft, online as comicbookfonts.com began to sell their Font designs as software applications through their Active Images publishing company.

Hip Flask
Originally Starkings had intended that the advertisements for these fonts would feature Marvel and DC Comics' characters, however when he failed to receive the authorisation to do that, Starkings created his own character to illustrate the ads – Hip Flask an anthropomorphic hippopotamus "Information Agent". Hip Flask has since graduated to his own series of one-shot comic books, published by Active Images. Starkings plotted the first two issues with artist Ladrönn and enlisted the assistance of Joe Casey to co-script. Mystery City and all subsequent issues are plotted and scripted by Starkings. In 2006 Image Comics launched an ongoing prequel series to Hip Flask, Elephantmen, written by Starkings and illustrated by Axel Medellin, Justin "Moritat" Norman, Marian Churchland, Tom Scioli, Henry Flint, Chris Bachalo and Chris Burnham.

In 2001 the character's similarities with an Australian comic book character called Hairbutt (a bumbling anthropomorphic hippopotamus private detective) led Hairbutt co-creator Bodine Amerikah and Darren Close of OzComics to accuse Hip Flask creator Starkings of plagiarism. Starkings replied that he created Hip Flask without any knowledge of Hairbutt, and that their similarities were a bizarre coincidence.

Elephantmen
Elephantmen is an American ongoing monthly comic book published by Image Comics and written by Richard Starkings with art by Moritat and a number of other artists. Issue #1 was released in July 2006.

 * Elephantmen, vol. 0: Armed Forces- Collects Elephantmen: War Toys #1-3 Elephantmen: Yvette, Elephantmen #34-35. Softcover: ISBN 978-1-60706-514-2 Hardcover: ISBN 978-1-60706-468-8
 * Elephantmen, vol. 1: Wounded Animals - Collects Elephantmen #1-7. Softcover: ISBN 1-58240-934-X Hardcover: ISBN 1-58240-691-X
 * Elephantmen, vol. 2: Fatal Diseases - Collects Elephantmen #8-15 & The Pilot. Softcover: ISBN 1-60706-177-5 Hardcover: ISBN 1-58240-915-3
 * Elephantmen: Damaged Goods - Collects Elephantmen #18-20. Softcover: ISBN 978-1-60706-137-3
 * Elephantmen, vol. 3: Dangerous Liaisons - Collects Elephantmen #16-23. Softcover: ISBN 1-60706-268-2 Hardcover: ISBN 1-60706-250-X
 * Elephantmen, vol. 4: Questionable Things - Collects Elephantmen #24-30. Softcover: ISBN 978-1-60706-393-3 Hardcover: ISBN 978-1-60706-364-3
 * Elephantmen, vol. 5: Devilish Functions - Collects Elephantmen #31-33 and 36-39. Softcover: ISBN 978-1-60706-614-9 Hardcover: ISBN 978-1-60706-576-0
 * Elephantmen, vol. 6: Earthly Desires - Collects Elephantmen #40-49. Softcover: ISBN 978-1607067863 Hardcover: ISBN 978-1-60706-752-8
 * Elephantmen, Mammoth Vol. 1 - Collects Elephantmen: War Toys #1-3 Elephantmen: Yvette, Elephantmen #1-11, #34-35, #57. Softcover: ISBN 978-1-63215-004-2
 * Elephantmen, Mammoth Vol. 2 - Collects Elephantmen #12-30. Softcover: ISBN 978-1-63215-881-9
 * Elephantmen, Mammoth Vol. 3 - Collects Elephantmen #31-50. Softcover: ISBN 978-1-53430-825-1
 * Elephantmen: 2260 vol. 1: Memories of the Future - Collects Elephantmen #51-55. Softcover: ISBN 978-1-60706-959-1
 * Elephantmen: 2260 vol. 2: The Red Queen - Collects Elephantmen #58-62. Softcover: ISBN 978-1-63215-251-0
 * Elephantmen: 2260 vol. 3: Learning to be Human - Collects Elephantmen #50, 56-57, 64-65. Softcover: ISBN 978-1-63215-533-7
 * Elephantmen: 2260 vol. 4: All Coming Evil - Collects Elephantmen #65-69. Softcover: ISBN 978-1-63215-805-5
 * Elephantmen: 2260 vol. 5: Up Close and Personal - Collects Elephantmen #70-71, 73-76. Softcover: ISBN 978-1-63215-880-2
 * Elephantmen: 2260 vol. 6: The Least, The Lost & The Last - Collects Elephantmen #72, 77-80. Softcover: ISBN 978-1-53430-188-7
 * Elephantmen: 2261 vol. 1: The Death of Shorty. Softcover: ISBN 978-0-97667-617-1

title: Richard Starkings


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User talk:Telesque

See also: God, Egomaniac

 'Tel`Esque'  (simplified  'Telesque' ) is an alias taken up by Nicholas Scott Ruestman (April 20, 1984 – Current), a 21st century American writer and poet foremost among other things. His work mostly bears macabre thoughts and socially unacceptable ideals, and consists mainly of short stories and poems brought together in a anthology and a novella from which he has yet to gain any fame.

title: User talk:Telesque