text:
Talk:Daily Operation

incorrect links???
Why on earth all links of professional reviews except Allmusic.com point to buy.com?

please replace the link for the rolling stone rating with this one http://www.rollingstone.com/reviews/album/238155/review/5943278/daily_operation Note: rolling stone have aparently changed their rating from 3.5 to 4 stars. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Pachang (talk • contribs) 05:54, 7 October 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Gang Starr Daily Operation.jpg
Image:Gang Starr Daily Operation.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot 00:42, 27 September 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:Daily Operation


text:
Friska Viljor FC

Friska Viljor FC is a Swedish football club located in Örnsköldsvik in Örnsköldsvik Municipality, Västernorrland County.

Background
The club was formed in February 1994 but was previously the football section of the multi-sport club IF Friska Viljor. From 1995 to 1998 the new club progressed through the league system from Division 6 to Division 2. In 2003 the club won Division 2 Norrland and then participated in the promotion play-offs. They won 4–3 away to Väsby IK FK and then lost 2–3 at home but were promoted to the Superettan on away goals. Second-tier football in the Superettan in 2004 proved a disappointment as Friska Viljor finished in last place and were relegated.

In subsequent years Friska Viljor FC participated in the middle divisions of the Swedish football league system, winning the Division 3 promotion playoff to return to Division 2 Norrland (4th tier) in 2015.

The club currently plays in Division 1 Norra which is the third tier of Swedish football. They play their home matches at Skyttis IP.

Skyttis IP in Örnsköldsvik. Since 2004 the club has used an artificial turf surface.

Friska Viljor reached the Semi final of the 1948 Svenska cupen. F

Friska Viljor FC are affiliated to the Ångermanlands Fotbollförbund.

Attendances
In recent seasons Friska Viljor FC have had the following average attendances:

In their opening home game in the Superettan in 2004 Friska Viljor FC had an attendance of 1,221 against Östers IF. Other well attended home games were the 1,012 spectators for the match with IFK Norrköping and 1,186 spectators for the match with IF Brommapojkarna.

The attendance record for Friska Viljor FC was 2,107 spectators for the match against IFK Göteborg on 1 May 2003.

Achievements

 * Norrländska Mästerskapet:
 * Winners (1): 1943 (as IF Friska Viljor)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Friska Viljor FC


text:
Schulman family

The Schulman family, also written Schulmann, Schuman, Schumann, Shulman, Sholman, Scholman and Koulumies, is a Baltic German noble family of German origin, represented at the Swedish and Finnish houses of nobility, first mentioned in 1495 on the island of Ösel.

Schulman is also a common surname among Ashkenazi Jews, some of whom are confirmed relatives of this noble line.

History
Their reputed origins lie in East Frisia: the Schul- element of the name apparently originates from the German word "Schole" (meaning "shoal").

The family came to the Baltic as part of the Teutonic Order and is first mentioned in the 15th century. Continuous descent of the current family only goes back to 1495 with the mention of Toennis von Schulmann in Pöide.

Pöide Church is site of the grave of Heinrich von Schulmann, beheaded by the Danes in 1613. The gravestone in the church has him as a headless knight.

In the 17th century the family split into two branches, the existing one in Estonia and a new in Sweden. The Swedish branch then developed the Finnish branch in the 18th century.

The elder branch of the family resided in Estonia till 1939 when they resettled in the Wartegau in Germany. After World War II the few still remaining resettled in Germany and Canada.

Nobility
The family was ennobled in Estonia, Livonia, Courland, Oesel, Swedish Nobility and Finnish Nobility. Only the last two are still recognized today.

Notable members

 * Alex Schulman

title: Schulman family


text:
Talk:Bullseye (character)

Name
The origin seems to switch between calling Bullseye "Lester" and "Leonard." Either that, or it doesn't make any sense at all. Could someone who knows please correct it?

Thx —Preceding unsigned comment added by Psyphics (talk • contribs) 21:06, 24 July 2005

Bullseye II?
I've always been confused as Wizard has, at least in the past, always listed this gentleman as "Bullseye II". Any info on this situation and/or the original Bullseye would be appreciated.--65.245.5.224 03:59, 8 January 2006 (UTC)Bill

Bullseye II, Fanfilm Appearance
The earlier Bullseye was a one-shot Hydra assassin from the late 1960's run of Nick Fury. He apparently is not the same entity as the one this entry covers.

 * That's correct. Here's a profile on Marvel's first Bullseye. Luis Dantas (talk) 23:46, 29 August 2008 (UTC)

Aside from that, I should note that Bullseye appeared in the famous (for a fan film) The Green Goblin's Last Stand fanfilm (as did Mysterio). This is odd since Bullseye had never met the Green Goblin!

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Byyz9ZchKBQ&search=Goblin%20Stand

http://files.filefront.com/Green+Goblins+Last+Stand/;944220;;/fileinfo.html The Earlyist Bullseye I found was in Nick Fury Agent of Shield # 15 Nov 1969.

May be this is why DD's Bullseye is listed as # II —Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.80.1.46 (talk) 13:32, 24 October 2009 (UTC)

Throwing weapons
In order to make it clear that Bullseye can throw absolutely any item with lethal accuracy and strength, I suggest we add things as babies, Dildoes, turds and cheese to the list, so it is easier to distinguish him from those heroes that are only proficient with common throwing weapons (after all The Joker can toss cards too no?

84.48.123.106 (talk) 09:49, 9 April 2011 (UTC)

Update: Ok maybe not, please someone delete this XD.

Ultimate Bullseye
Re: "Ultimate Bullseye In the Ultimate Marvel continuity, Bullseye appeared in Ultimate Elektra as an assassin named Benjamin Poindexter. He works for the Kingpin and was his prime assassin until Elektra beat him in direct hand-to-hand combat"

elektra cheated —Preceding unsigned comment added by 84.228.63.98 (talk • contribs) 11:42, 30 May 2006

Tagged for cleanup
I've tagged this article - it needs some work. I'm removing the most egregious phrase: "In a cameo, canon (Disputed if it is canon or not, because in All Access #1, which is a continuation from DC vs Marvel, Spider-man brings Venom to jail and refers to the truce Spider-man and Venom made) appearance in the 'DC vs Marvel' storyline" That's just a mess. Anybody care to help improve the rest of the article? --Chancemichaels 15:40, 20 November 2006 (UTC)Chancemichaels
 * I have it a once-over. It needs copy-editing by someone who is also a Marvel Comics expert.  I'm not really familiar with some of the later storylines.Konczewski 22:37, 7 February 2007 (UTC)

I fixed a very few things (mostly headers), but I think the article is looking pretty good for the most part.Ugnut 06:44, 17 April 2007 (UTC)

Do any of you wikidiots have any clue how to cite a literary text? Present tense is the norm. Confused? Try MLA or any real source of info (ie, something printed on paper and edited by an accountable editor). —Preceding unsigned comment added by 69.181.188.17 (talk) 07:46, 3 October 2007 (UTC)

Grammatical confusion
The sentence:

"fire which burned down his childhood home. The whole capture was a plan by the assassin to gain access to the prison where his father was being held. The story ends with Bullseye finally getting revenge on his father, leaving him to burn as the prison's security systems torched everything inside."

Confuses me.

"Leaving him" Who is him? Did Bullseye leave his father to die in the fire? Or did he get revenge on his father while he himself was still in jail, something which left him (Bullseye) torched?

Or in other words:

So he killed his father in some way that left him (Bullseye) torched to death (villains sacrificing their own life in order to kill someone they hate is a very common comic-book cliche, none the least in non cannon "Marvel The-End" and "What if" stories). Or was it his father and not him that died that day? (Far more plausible, but far from granted, id be a shame if people most thought this was so, only for it to be wrong).

Or very simplified: Who burned, Bullseye or his abusive father?

Since I am a fan of Bullseye, but have not read this particular story, I would like for someone that knows more about this to fix this sentence, so it reads in a way where there is no room for confusion regarding this matter, Thank you.

(explaining this right was a struggle, thus loads of text, but I prefer that over this pending confusion)

84.48.123.106 (talk) 09:30, 9 April 2011 (UTC)

Bullseye's Adamantium reinforced skeleton
What issue revealed that Bullseye's skeleton was reinforced with strips of Adamantium? I was under the impression that only some of his vertebrae were Adamantium (Daredevil #197-199).74.244.63.126 00:36, 5 February 2007 (UTC)

 * His skeleton (or parts of it, I don't remember) is laced with adamantium, whereas characters like Wolverine have it across most or all of his skeleton. Notthegoatseguy 16:48, 22 October 2007 (UTC)

The bio is confusing. It states that the second origin is probably fabricated, and then backs this up by saying it's consistent with other dialogue(???). It then seems to discredit the second origin completely when it references a story where he kills his father, who he supposedly already killed in the second origin. 66.167.233.99 21:10, 8 June 2007 (UTC)

 * Regarding the bio info, the only two people who know about Bullseye's formative years definitively are Bullseye and Daredevil. This is proven by the very disturbed and panicked reaction Bullseye had the first time Daredevil called him "Lester".  Therefore it is more than likely that he had several fathers including the one he killed in a trailer park but only found out that his biological father was the one in "Greatest Hits" recently.  As to the information about his skeleton, Bullseye's injuries during the Murdock Papers storyline imply that his legs and ribs are not reinforced but the punch he gave Daredevil in Guardian Devil implies that his fists are.

I think by 'reinforced' it implies that his bones are laced, it doesn't imply that they can't be broken, it merely means they can't be completely broken. This would explain how he always comes back with full function from every fracture, and it also leads one to believe that every fracture is fixed with further adamantium concluding in, as the article states, a fully accumulated spine made of adamantium. When Bullseye punched Daredevil in Guardian Devil it says his 'skeleton' is reinforced, it doesn't explicitly state just his fists. If his entire skeleton is laced/reinforced with adamantium, it means his bones can never be completely, irreparably broken. During the Murdock Papers arc that's referenced he supposedly breaks his legs and ribs, but eventually he's helping Fisk and Murdock escape with apparently no functional limitations. In the recent Dark Avengers: Bullseye limited series, he says his skull is laced with adamantium-- he stated the surgeon will need a vibranium scalpel. But he never states it can't be cut-- if it's laced, that means the non-laced pieces can be fractured-- although never completely broken.

Also, as for Bullseye: Greatest Hits canonicity; it certainly is. In the same Dark Avengers limited series Bulleye references some of the story in Greatest Hits concerning his father so it appears the limited series is canon, it's just mixed with deception until Bullseye clarifies in further continuity. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 209.105.184.93 (talk) 09:37, 25 February 2011 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Bullseyemovie.jpg
Image:Bullseyemovie.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images lacking such an explanation can be deleted one week after being tagged, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot (talk) 17:44, 13 February 2008 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Bullseyemurdockpapers.jpg
Image:Bullseyemurdockpapers.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images lacking such an explanation can be deleted one week after being tagged, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot (talk) 17:46, 13 February 2008 (UTC)

Infobox image
- J Greb (talk) 21:08, 6 December 2008 (UTC)

Picture as hawkeye
we need it —Preceding unsigned comment added by 80.217.82.28 (talk) 13:12, 12 April 2009 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 2 one external links on Bullseye (comics). Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20060718204253/http://www.ugo.com:80/channels/freestyle/features/teentitans/ to http://www.ugo.com/channels/freestyle/features/teentitans/
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20080216102800/http://www.ugo.com:80/channels/filmtv/features/minorityreport/colin.asp to http://www.ugo.com/channels/filmTv/features/minorityreport/colin.asp

When you have finished reviewing my changes, please set the checked parameter below to true or failed to let others know (documentation at ).

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 17:37, 10 November 2016 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 2 external links on Bullseye (comics). Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20110203091526/http://comics.ign.com/top-100-villains/20.html to http://comics.ign.com/top-100-villains/20.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20070126163051/http://forum.newsarama.com/showthread.php?t=92433 to http://forum.newsarama.com/showthread.php?t=92433

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 22:09, 15 December 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Bullseye (character)


text:
Carlo Poerio

Carlo Poerio (13 October 1803 - 28 April – 27 April 1867) was an Italian poet, Risorgimento and 1848 Revolution activist, politician, and brother of Alessandro Poerio.

Early life
Descended from an old Calabrian family, Carlo Poerio was born on 13 October 1803 in Naples. He was the son of Baron Giuseppe Poerio, a lawyer of Naples who had attached himself to the cause of the King of Naples Joachim Murat. Consequently, the Baron was obliged to flee in 1815, taking his sons Alessandro and Carlo with him. They settled for a time in Florence, but in 1818 were allowed to return to Naples.

1848 revolution
He returned to Naples and practised as a lawyer, and from 1837 to 1848 was frequently arrested and imprisoned, helping among others to prepare the insurrection of 1847; but, when Ferdinand II, moved by the demonstration on 27 January of the latter year, promulgated a constitution, he was made minister of education. Discovering that the monarch maintained a will to collaborate with the Austrian Empire, he resigned office in April 1849, and returned to Naples to take his seat in parliament, where he led the constitutional opposition.

Imprisonment, refuge, and return
After the battle of Novara, the king was free to dissolve parliament and renounce the constitution; in the month of July 1849 Poerio was arrested, tried, and sentenced to nineteen years in prison. Chained in pairs, he and other political prisoners were confined in one small room in the labor camp on Nisida (the Phlegraean Islands).

William Ewart Gladstone's report on the inhumane conditions in Neapolitan detention facilities (1851), emphasizing the case of Poerio, provoked an international uproar; nonetheless, Poerio was set free only in 1858. He and other exiles were then placed on board a ship bound for the Argentina, but the son of Luigi Settembrini (both of them on board the ship) compelled the crew to land them at Cork, in the United Kingdom, after which Poerio made his way to London.

In the following year he returned to Italy, and, in 1860 he was elected deputy to the parliament of Piedmont-Sardinia in Turin (the original seat of the House of Savoy government), and was chosen the body's vice-president in 1861, when the Kingdom of Italy was proclaimed.

title: Carlo Poerio


text:
Illinois Giants

Illinois Giants were a barnstorming Negro league baseball team in the 1920s.

The Illinois Giants are noted as having played in 1910 and 1919 to 1929.

Ted "Double Duty" Radcliffe joined the team in 1920.

title: Illinois Giants


text:
Telecommunications Workers Union

The Telecommunications Workers Union (TWU) was a trade union in Canada for people working for telephone and cable companies. Although the TWU had members from Shaw Cable in the Vancouver area of British Columbia, Canada, the majority of TWU members were employees of Telus. It was founded on September 1, 1944 and existed until December 31, 2014. In November 2014 the members voted to join the United Steel workers of America (the second vote in a year to be held as the first vote failed). Per the merger agreement the independent status of the Union which had represented Telecommunications Workers in Canada for over 70 years came to an end. The new local is known as "Telecommunications Workers Union, United Steelworkers Local 1944" and is a local of the United Steel Workers of America an 860,000 member union.

Telus 2005 labour dispute
The union's labour dispute with Canadian telecommunications firm Telus began after their previous contract negotiated with Telus' predecessor BCTel before the two merged expired at the end of 2000. On April 12, 2005, Telus made its last offer to the TWU, and on July 12, Telus informed the TWU of its intention to bring an end to the dispute by unilaterally implementing its April offer to employees in Alberta and British Columbia, effective on July 22. The TWU was locked out on July 21.

A tentative agreement was reached on October 10, 2005. On October 30, 2005, union membership voted against ratification, with 50.3% of voting members voting against the contract. A second tentative agreement was reached with a mail-out ballot, and on November 18, 2005, the contract was ratified with 64.1% support, ending the dispute.

Merger with USW
In a referendum vote counted November 7, 2014, the members of the Telecommunications Workers Union voted to join the United Steelworkers (USW). The merger agreement took formal effect on January 1, 2015. About 42% of the total membership of 12,500 voted. The result of those who voted "yes" was 73.8%, which amounted to approximately 30% of the entire membership.

title: Telecommunications Workers Union


text:
Dance Singles Sales

From October 26, 1974 until August 28, 1976, Billboard's Disco Action section published weekly single retail sales charts from various local regions along with Top Audience Response Records in their magazine. Billboard debuted its first national chart devoted exclusively to 12-inch Singles Sales in their issue dated March 16, 1985. This record type is most commonly used in disco and dance music genres where DJs use them to play in discos or dance clubs because of the exclusive extended remixes that are often only made available on this format, but Billboard's 12-inch Single Sales chart ranks releases by artists from all styles of music that release maxi-singles.

The 50-position weekly ranking joined Billboards established Dance/Disco Top 80 chart, reduced to the same 50 positions, both under the title Hot Dance/Disco', becoming two separate Top 50 charts: 12-Inch Singles Sales and Club Play. A coupling from MCA Records' Beverly Hills Cop soundtrack, Patti LaBelle's "New Attitude" and Harold Faltermeyer's "Axel F", held the No. 1 slot for the 12-inch Singles Sales chart's first week and was also No. 1 for the second consecutive week on the most played dance/disco chart.

Madonna's "Angel" 12" vinyl single from 1985 contains one of the most famous B-sides in U.S. history: "Into the Groove," featured in the film Desperately Seeking Susan. While receiving a proper release in other countries, Warner Bros. Records relegated the song to 12-inch B-side status in America despite its enormous popularity on radio and MTV, thus making it ineligible to enter the Billboard U.S. Hot 100. The dance mix edit of "Angel" is the B-side of the 7-inch single that did chart the Hot 100. "Into The Groove" has been cited by multiple publications as Madonna's best single, but only charted Billboard in the Hot Dance/Disco section as a dual sided single peaking at #1 for 7 weeks on the 12-inch Single Sales survey & #1 for 1 week on the Club Play survey and  on the Hot Black Singles chart as a single track peaking at #19. Only later remixes by Shep Pettibone and Goh Hotoda are available on Madonna's albums.

The word "disco" was removed from the title of the section of both charts beginning September 19, 1987. After being temporarily renamed Hot Dance 50, Billboard retitled the section Hot Dance Music on October 24, 1987.

On the first Billboard Music Awards in 1990, Janet Jackson was awarded #1 Hot Dance 12-inch Singles Sales Artist. The 1991 winner for #1 Hot Dance 12" Singles Sales was C + C Music Factory featuring Freedom Williams' "Gonna Make You Sweat (Everybody Dance Now)".

On June 20, 1992, Billboard began to also survey cassette tape and CD maxi-singles along with vinyl twelve-inch singles renaming the chart Maxi-Singles Sales. In 1993, the Billboard Music Award winner for #1 12" Dance Single was RuPaul's "Supermodel (You Better Work)".  The Maxi-Singles Sales survey began using actual sales figures (SoundScan) to compile the chart on August 28, 1993.

Hot Dance Music section expansion
On July 28, 2001, Billboard launches the 15 position Top Electronic Albums chart and reduces the Maxi-Singles Sales chart size from 50 to 25 positions, 30 positions online. Top Electronic Albums chart is expanded to 25 positions on December 2, 2001.

Billboard renamed the Maxi-Singles Sales survey to Dance Singles Sales on March 1, 2003, although the survey would continue to chart popular maxi-singles by artists from other genres of music besides dance even more frequently such as hip hop & rap artists like Public Enemy and 2Pac and alternative rock & industrial metal bands such as The Smiths and Ministry. 2006's "Every Day Is Exactly the Same" by Nine Inch Nails topped the sales chart more than any other single with 36 inconsecutive weeks, yet never appeared on the Hot Dance Club Play survey.

Billboard launches the 40 position Hot Dance Radio Airplay chart online August 16, 2003, ranking the songs on stations playing mainly dance music. Dance Singles Sales is retitled Hot Dance Single Sales when the top 25 Hot Dance Radio Airplay begins to appear in print on October 25 of that year. The single "Me Against The Music" by Britney Spears and Madonna won the award for "Hot Dance Singles Sales Single of the Year" at the Billboard Music Awards in 2004.

Singles Sales decline and Dance section reorganization
Beginning April 30, 2005, the Billboard Dance section started alternately printing Hot Dance Single Sales and Top Electronic Albums every other week in the magazine until Hot Dance Single Sales became only available at billboard.biz after the February 24, 2007 issue. Billboard reduces the position size of the Hot Dance Singles chart from 25 to 15 positions on March 30, 2007. Stevie Nicks' 2007 remix single of "Stand Back" debuted at #3 on the chart on September 15, 2007, peaking at #2 the following week where it stayed for two weeks.

Top Electronic Albums is renamed Top Dance/Electronic Albums by Billboard on June 20, 2009. The size of the Dance Singles Sales chart is reduced further down to 10 positions on October 3, 2009. Billboard's Dance/Electronic Digital Song Sales, a 50 position chart ranking of the most popular downloaded songs ranked by sales data as compiled by Luminate, debuts online January 23, 2010. Hot Dance Airplay is retitled Dance/Mix Show Airplay on November 19, 2011, and reconfigured to rank total weekly plays as monitored by Nielsen BDS from full-time dance-formatted stations, as well as plays on Mainstream Top 40 and select Rhythmic and Adult Top 40 stations that have submitted their hours of mix show programming.

The Hot Dance/Electronic Songs chart is launched in Billboard magazine's newly restructured Dance/Electronic music section on January 26, 2013. Similar to the Hot 100, Dance/Electronic Songs is Billboard's first-ever ranking of the nation's top dance songs combining sales (tracked by Nielsen SoundScan), radio airplay, streaming data and club play. Billboard's Dance/Electronic Streaming Songs chart debuted online April 20, 2013, ranking the week's most popular streamed dance songs (audio + video) on leading U.S. digital music services.

After years of falling record sales, Billboard discontinued their weekly Dance Singles Sales survey later that year. The last chart of the nearly 29 year old national survey was published online November 30, 2013. On June 1, 2019, Billboard introduced their weeekly Dance/Electronic Producers and Songwriters surveys. After almost 45 years of continuous weekly national charts, Billboard's Dance Club Songs survey has been suspended since March 28, 2020, due to widespread social distancing being practiced in reaction to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Top charting Dance Singles
The following are the top charting singles for each year of the duration of the Hot Dance Singles Sales survey. The following singles peaked at #1 for more than 12 weeks on the Hot Dance Singles Sales survey.

The following #1 singles charted over 100 total weeks each on the Hot Dance Singles Sales survey.

The following artists charted 5 or more #1 singles on the Hot Dance Singles Sales survey between 1985 and 2013.

80s-90s
1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

2000s
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Dance Club Songs

 * Dance Club Play Songs
 * Greatest of All Time Top Dance Club Artists

Dance Singles Sales

 * Hot Dance Singles Sales
 * Hot Dance Singles Sales Artists Year-End Charts (2006-2013)
 * Hot Dance Singles Sales Year-End Charts (2006-2013)

Dance/Electronic year-end charts

 * Dance/Electronic Digital Song Sales (2010-2022)
 * Dance/Electronic Digital Song Sales Artists (2010-2022)

 * Dance/Electronic Streaming Songs (2013-2022)
 * Dance/Electronic Streaming Songs Artists (2013-2022)

 * Hot Dance/Electronic Songs (2013-2022)
 * Hot Dance/Electronic Songs Artists (2013-2022)

 * Top Dance/Electronic Albums (2006-2022)
 * Top Dance/Electronic Albums Artists (2014-2022)

 * Top Dance/Electronic Artists (2006-2022)

Dance/Mix Show Airplay

 * Dance/Mix Show Airplay Artists Year-End Charts (2006-2022)
 * Dance/Mix Show Airplay Songs Year-End Charts (2006-2022)
 * Hot Dance/Mix Show Airplay

title: Dance Singles Sales


text:
User talk:Rcappuccio

Kat license
Since the Kat icons are from a GPL software, aren't they GPL as well? — Omegatron 23:03, 23 August 2006 (UTC)

Image tagging for Image:Kat_txt.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Kat_txt.jpg. The image has been identified as not specifying the source and creator of the image, which is required by Wikipedia's policy on images. If you don't indicate the source and creator of the image on the image's description page, it may be deleted some time in the next seven days. If you have uploaded other images, please verify that you have provided source information for them as well.

For more information on using images, see the following pages:
 * Image use policy
 * Image copyright tags

This is an automated notice by OrphanBot. For assistance on the image use policy, see Media copyright questions. 20:39, 20 September 2006 (UTC)

Image tagging for Image:Kat_word.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Kat_word.jpg. The image has been identified as not specifying the source and creator of the image, which is required by Wikipedia's policy on images. If you don't indicate the source and creator of the image on the image's description page, it may be deleted some time in the next seven days. If you have uploaded other images, please verify that you have provided source information for them as well.

For more information on using images, see the following pages:
 * Image use policy
 * Image copyright tags

This is an automated notice by OrphanBot. For assistance on the image use policy, see Media copyright questions. 07:49, 21 September 2006 (UTC)

Orphaned fair use image (Image:Kat dvi.png)
Thanks for uploading Image:Kat dvi.png. The image description page currently specifies that the image is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, the image is currently orphaned, meaning that it is not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the image was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that images for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable under fair use (see our fair use policy).

If you have uploaded other unlicensed media, please check whether they're used in any articles or not. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any fair use images not used in any articles will be deleted after seven days, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. This is an automated message from BJBot 16:56, 4 February 2007 (UTC)

Orphaned fair use image (Image:Kat bib.png)
Thanks for uploading Image:Kat bib.png. The image description page currently specifies that the image is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, the image is currently orphaned, meaning that it is not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the image was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that images for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable under fair use (see our fair use policy).

If you have uploaded other unlicensed media, please check whether they're used in any articles or not. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any fair use images not used in any articles will be deleted after seven days, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. This is an automated message from BJBot 22:32, 4 February 2007 (UTC)

Orphaned fair use image (Image:Kat calc2.png)
Thanks for uploading Image:Kat calc2.png. The image description page currently specifies that the image is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, the image is currently orphaned, meaning that it is not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the image was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that images for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable under fair use (see our fair use policy).

If you have uploaded other unlicensed media, please check whether they're used in any articles or not. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any fair use images not used in any articles will be deleted after seven days, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. This is an automated message from BJBot 22:32, 4 February 2007 (UTC)

Orphaned fair use image (Image:Kat gnumeric.png)
Thanks for uploading Image:Kat gnumeric.png. The image description page currently specifies that the image is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, the image is currently orphaned, meaning that it is not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the image was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that images for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable under fair use (see our fair use policy).

If you have uploaded other unlicensed media, please check whether they're used in any articles or not. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any fair use images not used in any articles will be deleted after seven days, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. This is an automated message from BJBot 22:33, 4 February 2007 (UTC)

Orphaned fair use image (Image:Kat generic.png)
Thanks for uploading Image:Kat generic.png. The image description page currently specifies that the image is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, the image is currently orphaned, meaning that it is not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the image was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that images for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable under fair use (see our fair use policy).

If you have uploaded other unlicensed media, please check whether they're used in any articles or not. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any fair use images not used in any articles will be deleted after seven days, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. This is an automated message from BJBot 22:33, 4 February 2007 (UTC)

Orphaned fair use image (Image:Kat deb.png)
Thanks for uploading Image:Kat deb.png. The image description page currently specifies that the image is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, the image is currently orphaned, meaning that it is not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the image was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that images for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable under fair use (see our fair use policy).

If you have uploaded other unlicensed media, please check whether they're used in any articles or not. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any fair use images not used in any articles will be deleted after seven days, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. This is an automated message from BJBot 22:33, 4 February 2007 (UTC)

Orphaned fair use image (Image:Kat impress2.png)
Thanks for uploading Image:Kat impress2.png. The image description page currently specifies that the image is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, the image is currently orphaned, meaning that it is not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the image was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that images for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable under fair use (see our fair use policy).

If you have uploaded other unlicensed media, please check whether they're used in any articles or not. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any fair use images not used in any articles will be deleted after seven days, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. This is an automated message from BJBot 22:34, 4 February 2007 (UTC)

Orphaned fair use image (Image:Kat kformula.png)
Thanks for uploading Image:Kat kformula.png. The image description page currently specifies that the image is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, the image is currently orphaned, meaning that it is not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the image was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that images for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable under fair use (see our fair use policy).

If you have uploaded other unlicensed media, please check whether they're used in any articles or not. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any fair use images not used in any articles will be deleted after seven days, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. This is an automated message from BJBot 22:34, 4 February 2007 (UTC)

Orphaned fair use image (Image:Kat lyx.png)
Thanks for uploading Image:Kat lyx.png. The image description page currently specifies that the image is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, the image is currently orphaned, meaning that it is not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the image was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that images for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable under fair use (see our fair use policy).

If you have uploaded other unlicensed media, please check whether they're used in any articles or not. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any fair use images not used in any articles will be deleted after seven days, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. This is an automated message from BJBot 22:34, 4 February 2007 (UTC)

Orphaned fair use image (Image:Kat mdl.png)
Thanks for uploading Image:Kat mdl.png. The image description page currently specifies that the image is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, the image is currently orphaned, meaning that it is not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the image was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that images for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable under fair use (see our fair use policy).

If you have uploaded other unlicensed media, please check whether they're used in any articles or not. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any fair use images not used in any articles will be deleted after seven days, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. This is an automated message from BJBot 22:35, 4 February 2007 (UTC)

Orphaned fair use image (Image:Kat kword.png)
Thanks for uploading Image:Kat kword.png. The image description page currently specifies that the image is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, the image is currently orphaned, meaning that it is not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the image was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that images for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable under fair use (see our fair use policy).

If you have uploaded other unlicensed media, please check whether they're used in any articles or not. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any fair use images not used in any articles will be deleted after seven days, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. This is an automated message from BJBot 22:35, 4 February 2007 (UTC)

Orphaned fair use image (Image:Kat kspread.png)
Thanks for uploading Image:Kat kspread.png. The image description page currently specifies that the image is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, the image is currently orphaned, meaning that it is not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the image was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that images for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable under fair use (see our fair use policy).

If you have uploaded other unlicensed media, please check whether they're used in any articles or not. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any fair use images not used in any articles will be deleted after seven days, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. This is an automated message from BJBot 22:35, 4 February 2007 (UTC)

Orphaned fair use image (Image:Kat math2.png)
Thanks for uploading Image:Kat math2.png. The image description page currently specifies that the image is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, the image is currently orphaned, meaning that it is not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the image was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that images for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable under fair use (see our fair use policy).

If you have uploaded other unlicensed media, please check whether they're used in any articles or not. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any fair use images not used in any articles will be deleted after seven days, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. This is an automated message from BJBot 22:36, 4 February 2007 (UTC)

Orphaned fair use image (Image:Kat man.png)
Thanks for uploading Image:Kat man.png. The image description page currently specifies that the image is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, the image is currently orphaned, meaning that it is not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the image was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that images for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable under fair use (see our fair use policy).

If you have uploaded other unlicensed media, please check whether they're used in any articles or not. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any fair use images not used in any articles will be deleted after seven days, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. This is an automated message from BJBot 22:36, 4 February 2007 (UTC)

Orphaned fair use image (Image:Kat kpresenter.png)
Thanks for uploading Image:Kat kpresenter.png. The image description page currently specifies that the image is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, the image is currently orphaned, meaning that it is not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the image was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that images for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable under fair use (see our fair use policy).

If you have uploaded other unlicensed media, please check whether they're used in any articles or not. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any fair use images not used in any articles will be deleted after seven days, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. This is an automated message from BJBot 22:36, 4 February 2007 (UTC)

Orphaned fair use image (Image:Kat ppt.png)
Thanks for uploading Image:Kat ppt.png. The image description page currently specifies that the image is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, the image is currently orphaned, meaning that it is not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the image was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that images for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable under fair use (see our fair use policy).

If you have uploaded other unlicensed media, please check whether they're used in any articles or not. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any fair use images not used in any articles will be deleted after seven days, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. This is an automated message from BJBot 22:37, 4 February 2007 (UTC)

Orphaned fair use image (Image:Kat ps.png)
Thanks for uploading Image:Kat ps.png. The image description page currently specifies that the image is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, the image is currently orphaned, meaning that it is not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the image was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that images for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable under fair use (see our fair use policy).

If you have uploaded other unlicensed media, please check whether they're used in any articles or not. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any fair use images not used in any articles will be deleted after seven days, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. This is an automated message from BJBot 22:37, 4 February 2007 (UTC)

Orphaned fair use image (Image:Kat rtf.png)
Thanks for uploading Image:Kat rtf.png. The image description page currently specifies that the image is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, the image is currently orphaned, meaning that it is not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the image was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that images for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable under fair use (see our fair use policy).

If you have uploaded other unlicensed media, please check whether they're used in any articles or not. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any fair use images not used in any articles will be deleted after seven days, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. This is an automated message from BJBot 22:37, 4 February 2007 (UTC)

Orphaned fair use image (Image:Kat tex.png)
Thanks for uploading Image:Kat tex.png. The image description page currently specifies that the image is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, the image is currently orphaned, meaning that it is not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the image was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that images for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable under fair use (see our fair use policy).

If you have uploaded other unlicensed media, please check whether they're used in any articles or not. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any fair use images not used in any articles will be deleted after seven days, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. This is an automated message from BJBot 22:38, 4 February 2007 (UTC)

Orphaned fair use image (Image:Kat writer2.png)
Thanks for uploading Image:Kat writer2.png. The image description page currently specifies that the image is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, the image is currently orphaned, meaning that it is not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the image was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that images for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable under fair use (see our fair use policy).

If you have uploaded other unlicensed media, please check whether they're used in any articles or not. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any fair use images not used in any articles will be deleted after seven days, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. This is an automated message from BJBot 22:38, 4 February 2007 (UTC)

Orphaned fair use image (Image:Kat word.png)
Thanks for uploading Image:Kat word.png. The image description page currently specifies that the image is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, the image is currently orphaned, meaning that it is not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the image was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that images for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable under fair use (see our fair use policy).

If you have uploaded other unlicensed media, please check whether they're used in any articles or not. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any fair use images not used in any articles will be deleted after seven days, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. This is an automated message from BJBot 22:38, 4 February 2007 (UTC)

Orphaned fair use image (Image:Kat txt.png)
Thanks for uploading Image:Kat txt.png. The image description page currently specifies that the image is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, the image is currently orphaned, meaning that it is not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the image was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that images for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable under fair use (see our fair use policy).

If you have uploaded other unlicensed media, please check whether they're used in any articles or not. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any fair use images not used in any articles will be deleted after seven days, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. This is an automated message from BJBot 22:39, 4 February 2007 (UTC)

Orphaned fair use image (Image:Kat xls.png)
Thanks for uploading Image:Kat xls.png. The image description page currently specifies that the image is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, the image is currently orphaned, meaning that it is not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the image was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that images for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable under fair use (see our fair use policy).

If you have uploaded other unlicensed media, please check whether they're used in any articles or not. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any fair use images not used in any articles will be deleted after seven days, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. This is an automated message from BJBot 22:39, 4 February 2007 (UTC)

File:Kat sxc.png listed for deletion
An image or media file that you uploaded or altered, File:Kat sxc.png, has been listed at Files for deletion. Please see the discussion to see why this is (you may have to search for the title of the image to find its entry), if you are interested in it not being deleted. OsamaKReply? on my talk page, please 03:37, 16 January 2009 (UTC)

File:Kat sxw.png listed for deletion
An image or media file that you uploaded or altered, File:Kat sxw.png, has been listed at Files for deletion. Please see the discussion to see why this is (you may have to search for the title of the image to find its entry), if you are interested in it not being deleted. OsamaKReply? on my talk page, please 03:37, 16 January 2009 (UTC)

File:Kat math.png listed for deletion
An image or media file that you uploaded or altered, File:Kat math.png, has been listed at Files for deletion. Please see the discussion to see why this is (you may have to search for the title of the image to find its entry), if you are interested in it not being deleted. OsamaKReply? on my talk page, please 03:38, 16 January 2009 (UTC)

File:Kat html.jpg listed for deletion
An image or media file that you uploaded or altered, File:Kat html.jpg, has been listed at Files for deletion. Please see the discussion to see why this is (you may have to search for the title of the image to find its entry), if you are interested in it not being deleted. Skier Dude ( talk ) 20:37, 31 January 2009 (UTC)

File:Kat sxi.png listed for deletion
An image or media file that you uploaded or altered, File:Kat sxi.png, has been listed at Files for deletion. Please see the discussion to see why this is (you may have to search for the title of the image to find its entry), if you are interested in it not being deleted. Skier Dude ( talk ) 20:37, 31 January 2009 (UTC)

title: User talk:Rcappuccio


text:
Curb bit

A curb bit is a type of bit used for riding horses that uses lever action. It includes the pelham bit and the Weymouth curb along with the traditional "curb bit" used mainly by Western riders.

Kimblewicks or "Kimberwickes" are modified curb bits, and a curb bit is used in a double bridle along with a bradoon. A curb bit is, in general, more severe than a basic snaffle bit, although there are several factors that are involved in determining a bit's severity. Liverpool bits are a type of curb bit commonly used for horses in harness.

The curb bit
The curb bit consists of a mouthpiece, curb chain, and a shank, with one ring on each side of the purchase arm of the shank, and one ring on the bottom of the lever arm of the shank. Pelham bits add a ring for a snaffle rein, next to the mouthpiece.

Action
A curb bit works on several parts of a horse's head and mouth. The bit mouthpiece acts on the bars, tongue and roof of the mouth. The shanks add leverage and place pressure on the poll via the crownpiece of the bridle, to the chin groove via the curb chain, and, especially with a "loose jaw" shank, may act on the sides of the mouth and jaw.

The shank
A curb bit is a leverage bit, meaning that it multiplies the pressure applied by the rider. Unlike a snaffle bit, which applies direct rein pressure from the rider's hand to the horse's mouth, the curb can amplify rein pressure several times over, depending on the length of the curb's bit shank. Shank sizes vary from the Tom Thumb (2 inches long) to more than 5 inches. The longer the bit shank, the more powerful its potential effect on the horse. For this reason, overall shank or cheek length, from the top of the cheek ring to the bottom of the rein ring, usually cannot exceed $8 1/2$ inches for most horse show disciplines.

Leverage principles
The relation of the upper shank (purchase)—the shank length from the mouthpiece to the cheekpiece rings—and the lower shank or lever arm—the shank length from the mouthpiece to the lowest rein ring, is important in the severity of the bit. The standard curb bit has a $1 1/2$" purchase and a $4 1/2$" lower shank, thus producing a 1:3 ratio of purchase to lower shank, a 1:4 ratio of purchase to full shank, thus producing 3 lbs of pressure on the chin groove and 4 lbs of pressure on the horse's mouth for every 1 lb placed on the reins (3 and 4 newtons respectively for every newton).

Regardless of the ratio, the longer the shank, the less force is needed on the reins to provide a given amount of pressure on the mouth. So, if one were to apply 1 lb of pressure on the horse's mouth, a 2" shank would need more rein pressure than an 8" shank to provide the same effect.

A long lower shank in relation to the upper shank (or purchase) increases the leverage, and thus the pressure, on the curb groove and the bars of the mouth. A long purchase in relation to the lower shank increases the pressure on the poll and chin, but does not apply as much pressure on the bars of the mouth. A longer purchase will also lift the cannons up and cause significant lip stretch, with an increased danger of dragging the cannons of the bit into the premolars.

A horse has more warning or pre-signal, in a long-shanked bit, allowing it to respond before any significant pressure is applied to its mouth, than it would in a shorter-shanked bit, but ultimately it is the straightness or curve of the shank which translates to the abruptness of response. A straight shank, following the line of leverage, will produce a faster response in the mouth and curb than a shorter curved shank. In this way, a longer shank can allow better communication between horse and rider, without increasing severity. This is also directly dependent on the tightness of the curb chain. Pre-signal is everything that happens before the curbstrap engages, so a properly adjusted curbstrap is paramount in determining the amount of rotation and the timeframe a horse has to prepare for the bit to engage. Too tight and the action is abrupt and severe, too loose and the action is slower, but the bit rotates further, causing it to lift in the mouth and hit the premolars.

Types
Shanks come in a variety of types, which may affect the action of the bit. Some shanks are loose-jawed, meaning they swivel where the mouthpiece attaches to the shank. Others have a loose, rotating ring at the bottom of the shank for rein attachment. Both of these functions allow slight rotation before the bit engages, again providing a "warning" to the horse before the bit engages fully and allowing him to respond to the slightest pressure, thus increasing communication between horse and rider.

The cheek-shank angle also varies, with some straight up and down, others with the shanks curving backward, and some with an S-curve in the shank. The straighter the cheek-shank line is, the less signal is provided to the horse before the bit engages. Those that curve backward provide more of a signal to the horse. Therefore, the type of shank needs to be considered according to the use of the horse. Horses that maintain a more vertical head position, such as dressage horses, generally use a curb bit with straight shanks. Those that have a nose-out head position when working, such as cutting and roping horses, more commonly use a curved shank.

Mouthpiece
The curb bit's mouthpiece controls the pressure on the tongue, roof of the mouth, and bars. A mullen mouth places even pressure on the bars and tongue. A port places more pressure on the bars, but provides room for the tongue. A high port may act on the roof of the mouth as it touches. Some Western style curbs, particularly the spade bit, have both a straight bar mouthpiece and a high welded port, thus acting on the bars, tongue and palate. In the wrong hands, such bits can be extremely severe, but on an exquisitely trained animal, they allow the rider to communicate with the horse with a simple touch of the fingertips to the reins.

Curb bits can also be purchased with a variety of jointed mouthpieces that are sometimes mistakenly called "snaffles", some of which (like the twisted wire) can further increase severity. Jointed mouthpieces increase the pressure on the bars due to the nutcracker action of the mouthpiece. In addition, the joint angle is altered by the shank leverage to tip the bit downward and into the tongue. These bits, sometimes called "cowboy snaffles" due to their popularity among western riders, are actually more harsh than a curb with a simple, solid, ported mouthpiece.

Accessories
The curb chain or strap applies pressure to the curb groove under a horse's chin. When the shank of the bit rotates back (due to rein pressure), the cheek of the bit rotates forward since it is a lever arm. The curb chain is attached to the rings at the end of the cheek. So as the cheek moves forward, it pulls the curb chain, tightening in the curb groove. Once it comes in contact with the curb groove of the horse it acts as a fulcrum, causing the cannons of the bit mouthpiece to push down onto the horse's bars, thus amplifying the bit's pressure on the bars of the horse's mouth.

The action of the bit is therefore also dependent on the tightness of the curb chain. If the bit is used without a curb chain (very uncommon—and dangerous), it loses its leverage action. If used with a loose curb chain, it allows the shanks to rotate more before the curb chain is tight enough to act as a fulcrum and exert pressure. This extra rotation can warn the horse before pressure is exerted on the mouth, so the well-trained horse may respond faster. If used with a very tight curb chain, the bit immediately exerts leverage and increased pressure on the bars as soon as pressure is applied to the reins. Therefore, a tight curb chain is harsher, and provides less finesse in signaling the horse than a looser curb chain would.

Less often seen is the lip strap, a thin strap or light chain that helps keep the curb chain in place and also prevents the horse from grabbing, or "lipping" the bit shanks with its mouth.

Styles
Curb bits have tremendous variation, from the relatively simple English Weymouth curb or the simple western medium-port curb to very elaborate designs with complex mouthpieces and shank designs. Some of the more common include:

 * Weymouth or Weymouth curb: commonly used in a double bridle. It is an English style with a straight shank. The mouthpiece can be one of numerous styles, but usually it is solid, with a low port.
 * Grazing bit: A western curb with shanks turned back nearly 90 degrees, allegedly to allow the horse to graze while wearing a curb bit.  Modern western bits with moderately curved or angled shanks are sometimes called grazing bits, even if the angle is less extreme than the original design.
 * Spade bit: A historic vaquero design with straight, highly decorated shanks and a mouthpiece that includes a straight bar, a narrow port with a cricket, and a "spoon," a flat, partly rounded plate affixed above the port, supported by braces on either side.  Considered a highly technical piece of equipment to be used only on a finished horse.
 * Liverpool bit: A curb bit with several rein-attachment slots on the curb arms, giving a choice of leverage – the reins may alternatively be attached directly to the bit to use it as a simple snaffle. Used for horses in harness, especially when working in teams, when different horses may require different treatment – their bits can be adjusted so the same tension on the reins of each horse gives a similar result.  This allows the reins of the different horses in a team to be joined together, minimising the number of reins the driver has to manage.

Fitting
Curbs are generally placed lower down in a horse's mouth than snaffle bits, touching the corners of the mouth, or creating a single slight wrinkle in the lips. The lower the bit is placed, the more severe it is as the bars of the mouth get thinner and pressure is more concentrated.

The curb chain should be adjusted correctly, lying flat against the chin groove and only coming into action against the jaw when the shank is rotated, but not so loose that the shank exceeds 45 degrees of rotation.

References and external links

 * The Bit Gallery

title: Curb bit


text:
Talk:WWE Hardcore Championship

RAVEN
It states on the title history that Raven was won the title 26 times. the last of which was on August 17, 2002 in Terre Haute, Indiana... please do not change it to 27 unless you can prove it --- Paulley 15:46, 25 August 2005 (UTC)

Raven said it himself that he won it 39 times. -XtremeAJ
 * That is not a viable source and even if it came from a written or audio account the facts state differently --- Paulley 13:43, 16 December 2005 (UTC)

 * A few of us have had a disscussion and sort out evidence to prove each theory it turns out the raven has won the title 27 times this is now final and has beeen corrected in every know instance --- Paulley 15:02, 23 December 2005 (UTC)

 * Well, I looked at Solie.org and it says that Raven held the Hardcore Championship 26 times. I counted on WWE.com 25 times.  But then again, the WWE doesn't acknowledge all of them.  Mr. C.C. (talk) 04:45, 2 March 2008 (UTC)

Six Minute Hardcore Battle Royal
I was looking on Solie.org and it says nothing about Tommy Dreamer winning a Six Minute Hardcore Battle Royal on the date that is mentioned. From what I recall, Bradshaw won the WWE Hardcore Championship in the Six Minute Battle Royal. Mr. C.C. 00:23, 23 July 2006 (UTC)

Return
The Hardcore Championship should be brought to ECW as one of those titles to get people over. Think about the title being held by CM Punk, Tommy Dreamer, and Sandman. It has great possibility to be a stepping stone for up and coming wrestlers to get name out there.

That would be hot, but if the WWE would do that, they may as well just use the ECW Television Title for a stepping stone in ECW.--Prince Patrick 16:34, 25 October 2006 (UTC)

In the trivia section it states that the Hardcore title was the belt that Perfect and The Genius smashed up on WWF TV years earlier but I have a problem with this because I have the WWF magazine which shows them doing this and the belt they smashed up doesn't have the red/blue colours behind the plates??? Sorry if this seems nerdy but it's always bugged me when I've heard this??!!

I'd assume WWE officials added the paint/other stains to the belt to make it look even more 'hardcore.'

Other Versions of the belt
i suggest that pictures of the Bradshaw and Tommy Dreamer belts be posted on the article. all other WWE Championships articles have pictures of each version of the particular championship belt, so, it is best if all the versions of the WWE Hardcore Championship are posted.

I've included info about Bradshaw's Texas variation, but was unable to locate a source for Dreamer's.. what did he do to the belt?Enigmatic2k3 (talk) 19:59, 5 December 2007 (UTC)

the belt
i dunno how to word properly but i think that this should be added some way or another because its pretty obvious the hardcore belt was the winged eagle . the wwe hardcore title was the old wwe world title the winged eagle only vandalized to give it a more hardcore type appearance

History
Despite what many believe including certain moderators, the Hardcore title is not the same exact belt that was destroyed. The destroyed belt was simply thrown away. The Hardcore title was a totally separate winged eagle belt that was destroyed specifically for the purpose of creating this belt. The smashed belt and the Hardcore title belt have completely different breaks proving it is impossible for it to be the same belt.

[WWF Hardcore Championship] Credit: WWF.com

[WWF Championship Destroyed in 1989] Credit: WWF Magazine

Also through his message board before it was taken down, current WWE beltmaker Joe Marshall, confirmed that the Hardcore belt was an extra Winged Eagle belt WWF had and was purposely destroyed to create a new belt. Winged Eagle creator Reggie Parks, has said that he made at least 30 Winged Eagle belts for WWF from 1988-1998. I really don't know how much more evidence is needed for people to stop thinking the belt are the same. They are not the same EXACT belt.--72.226.98.49 02:59, 3 August 2007 (UTC)

Although I concur they are not the EXACT same belt, nevertheless the sheer amount of urban legend about this issue seems as though it should have a section to explain the unique look of the belt and the event it references. It can't hurt to clear up the confusion surrounding the origins, and I fail to see how a description of the belt is out of place in a factual article anyway... Enigmatic2k3 03:37, 4 December 2007 (UTC)

Apparantly the Winged Eagle Curt Hennig destroyed wasn't thrown away. Seems former WWF Ring Announcer Mel Phillips gathered up the pieces and he kept them until a few years ago. The strap and broken pieces were put on ebay. BeltFanDan ended up with it and resold it. The belt Hennig destroyed was a dual plated belt (Silver & Gold plated) and he destroyed many of the snaps. The Hardcore belt was all Gold plated, and the snaps were intact. There you have it. Dan knows his stuff and for him to be banned by some so called moderator that doesn't know squat over the facts that he is ignorant of is ridiculous. MrNWA4Life 13:20, 7 June 2012 (UTC) — Preceding unsigned comment added by 173.105.121.59 (talk)

Return of Harcore Title
Will the Hardcore title return to the WWE my friends said it was on the web somewhere that the hardcore title will make a return but on ECW with the ECW Tag titles and TV Titles —Preceding unsigned comment added by 58.168.189.31 (talk) 11:04, 21 October 2007 (UTC)

This isn't a chat room or forum, its a discussion on how to make the page better. If PWI or WWE or some other reliable source states that the Hardcore title will return put a link to the site and then it will probbly be added. The fact your friends said it was on the web somewhere means nothing. 58.6.80.79 02:05, 31 October 2007 (UTC)

Longest 24/7 reign
Is it worth noting that RVD held the title longer than anyone under the 24/7 rule, it seems like a pretty decent claim to me.

I think every 24/7 and normal reigns should be listed on records--Justakija (talk) 14:11, 7 November 2010 (UTC)

Request for a picture of the title on the main page
Such as Adg2k7 18:46, 10 November 2007 (UTC)

Not The Belt Hennig Destroyed
Looks like WWF purposely destroyed a new belt for the hardcore title, not reuse the belt Mr. Perfect destroyed on SNME. Hulk Hogan's Destroyed WWF Belt--BeltFanDan (talk) 19:56, 18 November 2007 (UTC)

Longest reign
Shouldn't the longest reign in the statistics box be Mick Foley's, as he has had the title for 5 years. Feed back  ☎ 23:11, 23 November 2007 (UTC)
 * Foley didn't hold the title for five years. He was awarded it on November 02, 1998 and lost it 28 days later to the Big Boss Man.  He held it a few times before it was retired.  Mr. C.C. (talk) 02:01, 2 March 2008 (UTC)
 * More than three years later, and I still think this is true. Feed  back  ☎ 17:47, 11 September 2011 (UTC)

"Reactivation"
I've been scouring the web but can't seem to find the RAW episode where Foley was given the retired belt as a lifetime achievement. It was before WM22, since that's how he claimed he and Edge were "co-champions" after he turned heel and had the anti-ECW match at One Night Stand. It would be nice to support the dates listed for 'reactivation' and 're-deactivation' with a quick paragraph. Enigmatic2k3 (talk) 04:32, 18 December 2007 (UTC)

 * It should at least be mentioned that the title belt was given to Foley.121.72.245.138 (talk) 15:25, 6 February 2009 (UTC)

Images of the belt
Will anyone find a picture of the Hardcore Championship (WorldSeriesOfPoker500 (talk) 02:31, 15 November 2011 (UTC))

24/7 Title in See also section
I notice the note in the See also section to not add a link to the WWE 24/7 Championship. The reason being that it is already in the article, so it should not be here per WP:See also.

I disagree with this. I feel the See also section is a convenient click for quick related links and a reader may not notice the link buried in the article body itself.

I would like to add a link to the WWE 24/7 Championship in the See also section. What's the consensus on this?

Kvwiki1234 (talk) 00:46, 4 October 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:WWE Hardcore Championship