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WPBN-TV

WPBN-TV (channel 7) is a television station licensed to Traverse City, Michigan, United States, serving as the NBC affiliate for the northern Lower and eastern Upper peninsulas of Michigan. It is owned by Sinclair Broadcast Group, which provides certain services to ABC affiliate WGTU (channel 29, also licensed to Traverse City) and Sault Ste. Marie–licensed full-time satellite WGTQ (channel 8) under a local marketing agreement (LMA) with Cunningham Broadcasting. However, Sinclair effectively owns WGTU/WGTQ as the majority of Cunningham's stock is owned by the family of deceased group founder Julian Smith. The stations share studios on M-72 just west of Traverse City; WPBN-TV's transmitter is located east of Kalkaska, Michigan. WPBN also operates a low-power digital fill-in translator on UHF channel 22 from a transmitter south of Harrietta in the Manistee National Forest.

Like other network affiliates in this vast and mainly rural area, WPBN-TV operates a full-time, full power satellite in Cheboygan, WTOM-TV (channel 4), whose transmitter is located on US 23 east of the city. Aside from its transmitter, WTOM does not maintain any physical presence in Cheboygan. WTOM's signal reaches as far as Petoskey, Cedarville, Indian River, and Brevort. It was originally intended to serve Sault Ste. Marie and the Eastern Upper Peninsula as well, but the current digital signal does not cover this area. To make up for this shortfall in coverage, WPBN/WTOM is simulcast in high definition on the second digital subchannel of WGTU/WGTQ.

Collectively known on-air as TV 7&4, the two stations serve the largest television market by land area east of the Mississippi River: 23 counties in the Northern Lower Peninsula, three counties in the Eastern Upper Peninsula, and portions of Northern Ontario including Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario. However, WTOM has not been available in Canada on cable since the early 2000s when Shaw Communications replaced it with Detroit's WDIV-TV (channel 4). Until January 25, 2022, when CBS affiliate WBKB-TV affiliated its DT2 subchannel with NBC, WTOM also served as the default NBC affiliate for Alpena, and was dropped by Charter Spectrum systems in the Alpena market on May 1.

History
WPBN-TV began broadcasting on September 13, 1954, airing an analog signal on VHF channel 7. It was owned by the Biederman family and their company, Midwest Broadcasting, along with WTCM-AM 1400 (now 580). Company president Les Biederman had signed on WTCM, Northern Michigan's oldest radio station, in 1940. Over the next decade, he bought or signed-on several other AM stations throughout the area. These were known as the "Paul Bunyan Network," with WTCM as the flagship station. Since channel 7 covered much of the territory covered by the radio stations, Biederman decided not to call his new station WTCM-TV (for Traverse City, Michigan) but rather WPBN-TV (for Paul Bunyan Network).

In the 1950s, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) collapsed the eastern half of the Upper Peninsula into the Traverse City–Cadillac market. At the time, the only television station in that area had been private CBC affiliate CJIC-TV. Since WPBN was already operating at the maximum power allowed, Biederman signed-on WTOM-TV in Cheboygan on May 16, 1959. WTOM was the first American television station that could be received in the Eastern Upper Peninsula, although Cheboygan is actually in the northernmost part of the Lower Peninsula. Since then, the two stations have been known collectively as 7&4.

Until 1971, it shared ABC programming with CBS affiliates WWTV/WWUP. WPBN aired ABC's sports programming on the weekends while WWTV aired some of the network's game shows and soap operas. In 1971, WGTU signed-on and took the ABC affiliation. In 1980, Midwest Broadcasting wanted to expand its broadcast operations in Northern Michigan. However, the FCC told the family that they could do so only if they sold some stations to stay under ownership limits. One of the stations sold off was WPBN/WTOM (which count as one station for ratings and regulatory purposes), which went to U.S. Tobacco.

U.S. Tobacco owned the station until 1986, at which time sold to Beam Communications. Beam owned the station until 1990, and then sold to Federal Broadcasting Company.

From 1999 to 2005, it was owned by Raycom Media. In late 2005, following that company's purchase of the Liberty Corporation, Raycom announced that WPBN would be sold along with another NBC affiliate in the Upper Peninsula, WLUC-TV in Marquette. The sale was necessary to help meet FCC restrictions on station ownership. On March 27, 2006, Raycom announced that Barrington Broadcasting would acquire twelve Raycom stations, including WPBN. The FCC approved the deal in June 2006 and the finalization took place on August 12. At that point, the station joined WLUC, Saginaw's NBC affiliate WEYI-TV and (to a degree) Toledo, Ohio's NBC affiliate WNWO-TV as part of Barrington's family of stations in and around Michigan.

On September 19, 2007, an application was filed to the FCC by Max Media to sell WGTU, its full-time satellite WGTQ, and CW cable station to Tucker Broadcasting for $10 million. After approval, that company entered into a shared services agreement with Barrington. According to the FCC filing, WPBN would sell advertising time and provides other programming for Tucker's stations. The combined operation was based at WPBN's studios, which were renovated over the summer to accommodate the change. WPBN and WGTU began to share a website as well. For the digital transition on June 12, 2009, WPBN filed a petition with the FCC move its Traverse City digital signal on UHF channel 50 to the analog tower in Harrietta to maintain coverage in that area. It then signed-on a new digital signal on UHF channel 47 from WGTU's tower in Kalkaska.

Unlike WPBN, WTOM-DT on UHF channel 35 did not initially offer NBC programming in full high definition. Instead, the signal was transmitted in an unconverted format. A true high definition signal for that station was included once WTOM shut down its analog signal on the transition date. Its new digital signal covers a fraction of the area once served by the VHF analog signal due to the rather low-powered 78 kW digital signal on UHF. To make up for this shortfall in coverage, standard definition feeds of WPBN and WTOM were added to the digital subcarriers of WGTU and WGTQ respectively; these were later upgraded to high definition.

On February 28, 2013, Barrington Broadcasting announced the sale of its entire group, including WPBN/WTOM, to Sinclair Broadcast Group. Sinclair also acquired the LMA for WGTU/WGTQ, which was sold to Cunningham Broadcasting. The sale was completed on November 25. Nearly all of Cunningham's stock is held by trusts for the Smith family, founders and owners of Sinclair. Thus, for all intents and purposes, Sinclair owns both stations. Cunningham, previously known as Glencairn, has long been used as a shell corporation to allow Sinclair to operate duopolies where Sinclair cannot legally own them. The Traverse City/Cadillac/Sault Sainte Marie market has only seven full-power stations, too few to legally permit a duopoly. Even if the market had enough stations to allow a duopoly, Sinclair would not be able to legally acquire WGTU outright, as both stations are among the top four stations in the market.

News operation
WPBN-TV presently broadcasts 37 hours, 10 minutes of locally produced newscasts each week (with 7 hours, 5 minutes each weekday, one hour on Saturdays and 1 hour, 5 minutes on Sundays).

When WTOM first began broadcasting, it had its own studio on US 23 east of Cheboygan, and broke off from WPBN's signal to air its own newscasts. However, by the early 1980s, this operation had been eliminated, and WTOM is now a full-time satellite of WPBN.

News department history
WPBN's owners have traditionally poured significant resources into its news operation, resulting in a much higher-quality product than conventional wisdom would suggest for such a small market. Currently, the station produces and airs 27 hours of news a week, a considerable amount for a station in the 120th market. In terms of viewership, WPBN has long been a distant runner-up in the news ratings behind WWTV, according to Nielsen Media Research. WPBN has traditionally had more of a Traverse City focus, while WWTV focuses on the entire Northern Michigan region.

Station alumni include Christa Quinn and the immortal "Deputy" Don Melvoin who first hosted the Deputy Don kids' show in the 1950s. After a stint in Hollywood that included roles on The Twilight Zone and a movie filmed on Mackinac Island called Somewhere in Time, Melvoin came back to WPBN to host Deputy Don Rides Again and the horror flick Count Zappula. Don Melvoin died in 2002. In addition to its main studios, WPBN operates a bureau in Gaylord on West Main Street, and in Manistee at the Vogue Theater on River Street. In the past, the station had also maintained newsrooms in Petoskey and Cadillac, as well as WTOM's former studio in Cheboygan.

On September 10, 2007, it began airing a midday broadcast weekdays at 11 after Today expanded to four hours. In January 2009, the station laid off nine employees and canceled the weekday midday show. After WGTU consolidated its operations with WPBN, it became possible full newscasts would return to WGTU for the first time since 1984. On September 13, 2010, WPBN began producing a weeknight newscast at 6:30 on WGTU, UpNorthLive Tonight. It originates from a secondary set at WPBN's studios, and features local news and weather but also goes into detail covering community events and various businesses. There is no sports report given in this broadcast. The only other newscast on the station is a pre-recorded 10-minute weeknight update at 11.

Morgan Murphy Media acquired WBKB-TV in Alpena in late 2023, a station which carries four of the five major commercial networks through subchannels to serve the market. WBKB has traditionally struggled to maintain a full-time news and weather staff due to industry labor issues and Alpena's overall low market standing which left it in a state of constant turnover, with recent graduates working on-air on short 'starter' contracts. On April 4, 2024, Sinclair and MMM announced a news partnership with WPBN/WTOM, which will start by the last week of the same month. WBKB's Alpena news operation will become a bureau for WPBN/WTOM and will still originate news stories and some newscasts, with all WPBN/WTOM newscasts airing on WBKB-DT2 (matching the former's NBC affiliation) and other newscasts also simulcast on the station's CBS and ABC channels, and separate lower-third graphics to feature news and weather information for Alpena. WPBN/WTOM will also take over weather responsibilities for WBKB-TV, which had been fulfilled by a mix of contracted meteorologists and forecasts complied by NewsNet in Cadillac over the last few years and struggled to remain staffed by the station full-time. WBKB's Fox channel will continue to feature no news programming.

Subchannels
The stations' signals are multiplexed: {{legend|#E6FFF7|Simulcast of subchannels of another station}}

Translators

 *  22 Harrietta
 *  18 Traverse City

title: WPBN-TV


text: Category:Arithmetic functions

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Category:Arithmetic functions


text:
The Exit

The Exit was a New York City-based band indie/post-punk/reggae group, formed in 2000. The band's music blended 1980s dub and reggae with 1990s punk and indie rock. The band's members included Ben Brewer on lead guitar and vocals, and Gunnar Olsen on drums. Jeff DaRosa was formerly the band's lead vocals and bass player.

History
Ben Brewer, a.k.a. Benjamin Bronfman, son of billionaire Edgar Bronfman Jr., met Olsen in high school. The two have played in several bands together. One of these bands turned into an early incarnation of The Exit. In 2000 Brewer met Jeff DaRosa while attending Emerson College in Boston. DaRosa grew up in Watertown, Massachusetts and was the bassist of the local punk band The Vigilantes. Brewer convinced DaRosa to join the group, and they started practicing in basements around Boston. The band made a demo tape which made its way into the hands of Daniel Rey known for his work with The Ramones. Rey produces the band's first record, New Beat, which came out on Some Records, a label started by Walter Schreifels.

The band started touring in early 2001, booking their own shows. New Beat received favorable reviews, many of which likened the band to The Clash, The Police and U2. The artwork was done by Damian Genuardi of the Explosion.

The Exit then entered the studio with producer Ron Saint Germain (Bad Brains, Tool, Sonic Youth) to produce a follow-up, Home For An Island. The album featured Brewer singing lead for the first time, tribal rhythms, dubbed out guitars, and psychedelic bridges. The album was a political response to life in post-9/11 New York City. Songs include "Soldier," "Home For an Island," "Let's Go to Haiti" and "Back to the Rebels." The album was originally released in 2004 on Some Records, but in 2005 The Exit signed to Wind-Up Records and re-released Home for an Island, adding three new songs "Sun Will Rise in Queens," "Pressure Cooker" and "Warm Summer Days." Reviews were good. The Exit supported Muse on two different US tours.

On August 15, 2006, through a post on their MySpace blog, the band announced the departure of Jeff DaRosa. Olsen and Brewer noted the band will continue with a yet-to-be-announced lineup. The band was officially disbanded in 2007.

Tours

 * Toured with Taking Back Sunday and Coheed and Cambria in 2002
 * Toured with RX Bandits in 2002, 2003, and 2005, playing both the US and the UK
 * Supported Muse during spring and winter of 2004
 * Supported for 311 during the winter of 2005
 * Supported OAR
 * Supported Against Me

Band members

 * Benjamin Brewer - vocals, guitar
 * Gunnar Olsen - drums, vocals
 * Jeff DaRosa - vocals, bass guitar

Albums

 * New Beat (May 4, 2002)
 * Home for an Island (original release September 7, 2004; re-released October 11, 2005)

EPs

 * Sing Four Favorites (October 1, 2004)
 * The Live Sessions EP (June 20, 2006) (iTunes exclusive release)

Live albums

 * Live at the Metro 4/24/04 (2004)
 * Live EP (2006)

Music videos

 * "Lonely Man's Wallet" (2002), directed by Major Lightner
 * "Let's Go to Haiti" (2004), directed by Major Lightner
 * "Don't Push" (2005), directed by Terry Timely
 * "Soldier" (2005), directed by Lightner
 * "Back to the Rebels" (2006), directed by Lightner and Javier Hernandez

title: The Exit


text:
Reborn (Stryper album)

Reborn is the sixth album from the Christian metal band Stryper, and the first full-length album of new material since Against the Law in 1990. Reborn was slated to be a Michael Sweet solo record, but after their reunion tour, Sweet played it for the other members, at which time Oz Fox suggested it should be a Stryper record. So the other members came in and learned their parts from the original demos. Sweet says in his autobiography, Honestly: My Life and Stryper Revealed, that he convinced Big3 Records, which had signed him for a solo release, to make it a Stryper record deal. Thus, Reborn became the first all-original Stryper record in 15 years.

The sound of the album is more contemporary compared to their previous records. It is also heavier and has influences of nu metal. The sound has been cited as more mature than their previous material, "less glam and more filling", according to one reviewer. This is the first album recorded by the band with new bass guitar player Tracy Ferrie. Reborn was released with a variety of cover art, depending on format and region. The alternate US cover art was created for record outlets (such as Christian bookstores) where the original cover art may have been perceived as too disturbing or offensive.

Track listing
All tracks written by Michael Sweet, except where noted.
 * 1) "Open Your Eyes" - 4:02
 * 2) "Reborn" - 3:27
 * 3) "When Did I See You Cry" (M. Sweet, David Johnson) - 3:35
 * 4) "Make You Mine" - 4:01
 * 5) "Passion" - 3:48
 * 6) "Live Again" - 3:30
 * 7) "If I Die" - 3:22
 * 8) "Wait for You" - 3:43
 * 9) "Rain" (Paul Heusman, M. Sweet) - 3:45
 * 10) "10,000 Years" (Public domain, M. Sweet) - 3:15
 * 11) "I.G.W.T." (M. Sweet, Robert Sweet) - 3:17

"I.G.W.T." is a remake of the band's previous song "In God We Trust" from the album of the same name.

Personnel
Stryper
 * Michael Sweet – lead vocals, guitars, arrangements
 * Oz Fox – guitars, backing vocals
 * Tracy Ferrie – bass, backing vocals
 * Robert Sweet – drums

Additional musicians
 * Kenny Lewis – keyboards, programming, loops
 * Peter Vantine – keyboards, programming, orchestrations
 * Lou Spagnola – bass (2, 5, 10)
 * Derek Kerswill – drums, drum loops
 * Alan Magnus – additional backing vocals

Production

 * Bill Edwards – executive producer
 * Michael Sweet – producer, arrangements, mixing, tracking
 * Kenny Lewis – producer, mixing, tracking, Pro Tools engineer
 * Will Sandals – tracking
 * Peter Vantine – tracking
 * Ted Jensen – mastering
 * Doug Circle – art direction
 * Richie "Britley" Hughes – art direction
 * Stephen Stickler – photography
 * Deep South Entertainment – management

Studios
 * Recorded at Blue Jay Studios (Carlisle, Massachusetts); Mixed Emotions (Middleton, Massachusetts); Vantine Studios (Stoneham, Massachusetts).
 * Pro Tools engineering at MSP Studios (Bourne, Massachusetts).
 * Mixed at Mixed Emotions
 * Mastered at Sterling Sound (New York City, New York).

title: Reborn (Stryper album)


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Vatakara

Vatakara,, (formerly Badagara), Bargaret, is a Municipality, Taluk and a major town in the Kozhikode district of Kerala state, India. The municipality of Vatakara covers an area of 23.33 km2 and is bordered by Mahé to the north and Payyoli to the south. It is the headquarters of Vatakara taluk, which consists of 22 panchayats. During the reign of the Kolathiris and Zamorins, Vatakara was known as Kadathanadu. During the British Raj, it was part of the North Malabar region of Malabar District in the state of Madras. The historic Lokanarkavu temple, made famous by the Vadakkan Pattukal (ballads of North Malabar), is situated in Vatakara. A new tardigrade (water bear) species collected from Vadakara coast has been named after Kerala State; Stygarctus keralensis.

Vatakara State assembly constituency is one of the 140 state legislative assembly constituencies in Kerala state in southern India. It is also one of the 7 state legislative assembly constituencies included in the Vatakara Lok Sabha constituency.[1] As of the 2021 assembly election, the current MLA is K.K Rema of Revolutionary Marxist Party of India.

Geography
Vatakara is located at 11.6°N, 75.58°W and has an average elevation of 15 m. It is situated about 49 km to the north of Kozhikode City, approximately 44 km to the south of Kannur City, and adjacent to Mahé. The town lies by the side of a river variously called the Moorad river, the Kuttiady river, or Kottakkal river. The town's position relative to this river led to it being called Vadakkekara (north bank), later contracted to Vatakara. Towards the east, near the panchayats of Nadapuram and Kuttiady, Vadakara borders the Wayanad district along the Western Ghats section. In the west, like many of the towns in Kerala, Vatakara is flanked by the Arabian Sea. The Kuttiyadi river meets the sea to the south of Vatakara, forming small islands and sandbars near the river mouth.

History
The Kolathunadu  emerged  into  independent 10 principalities i.e., Kadathanadu (Vadakara), Randathara or Poyanad (Dharmadom), Kottayam (Thalassery), Nileshwaram, Iruvazhinadu (Panoor, Kurumbranad etc.,   under   separate   royal   chieftains   due   to   the   outcome   of   internal dissensions. The Nileshwaram dynasty on the northernmost part of Kolathiri dominion, were relatives to both Kolathunadu as well as the Zamorin of Calicut, in the early medieval period.

Vatakara was the capital of the historical region called Kurumba Nadu, home of the Kurumbar people. In the pre-British era, a major part of the current Vatakara taluk, including the area currently constituting the Vatakara municipality, was ruled by a chieftain as a feudatory to the Kolathiri kingdom. The remaining part of the taluk was initially part of the Polathiri kingdom and later ruled by the Zamorins of Calicut. The boundary between these kingdoms is believed to have been in the region in Vatakara known as Puduppanam, with the Moorad river forming a geographical boundary. The Kadathanad dynasty was established when a Polathiri royal was forced to cross over to Kolathunadu after an unsuccessful battle with the Zamorins, settled in the region, and married a Kolathiri princess.

Vatakara became an important trade center in the region by the early 18th century, exporting agricultural products such as coffee, pepper and coconut. Together with smaller nearby ports at Chombal, Muttungal and Kottakkal, Badagara became one of the major centers of trade at a level with those at Cannanore, Tellicherri and Calicut. Building on a thriving economy led by a strong sea trade, the Kadathanad rulers established a strong naval force which became known as the "Lord of the Seas", since it was the strongest naval force from the Malayalam-speaking region.

A significant factor in the rise of Vatakara as a trade center was the rise and subsequent fall of the Kunjali Marakkars of Kottakkal. During the 16th century CE, Kunjali Marakkars were the admirals of the Zamorin's naval fleet and were famous for their valor and sea battle tactics. The Marakkars established their stronghold in Kottakkal and built a fort there. The last Marakkar, Kunjali IV, was defeated at the beginning of the 17th century by the combined forces of the Zamorin, with whom he had fallen out, and the Portuguese, who resented the interference of Kunjali and his followers in their trade route. The fort was completely destroyed by a bombardment from the sea. However, the Marakkars' knowledge of ship handling and tactics continued to be passed down in the community of seafarers in this area of Vatakara, later allowing the ruler of Kadathanad to establish his supremacy in the sea and to enforce a 'pass' system for trade ships.

The region became a separate kingdom c. 1750, when the then chieftain took the title of Kadathanad Rajah. During this period, there are records of frequent skirmishes between Kadathanad and the ruler of Kottayam as well as the foreign colonial powers of the British, based in Thalassery, and the French, based in Mahé.

In legend, Vatakara is the birthplace of Unniyarcha, Aromal Chekavar, and Thacholi Othenan, the heroes of the Vadakkanpattu (ballads of North Malabar). The Thacholi family home, Thacholi Tharavadu, is still preserved and the anniversary of Thacholi Othenan's birth is celebrated in the Thacholi Manikkothu Kavu temple.

Notable temples in the area include Lokanarkavu and Kottakkal Bhagavathi Temple, the second richest temple in North Malabar. Kalari Ullathil Temple is also situated near Vatakara town.The martial art Kalaripayattu originated in Vatakara.

Demographics
Most of Vatakara's inhabitants are labourers and farmers, while some are government employees. A large number of expatriates from Vatakara work in Middle Eastern countries, and their remittances have a strong influence on the local economy. Some emigrants work in nearby states like Karnataka, Tamil Nadu and Maharashtra.

As of the 2011 Census of India, Vatakara had a population of 75,740, with males constituting 48% of the population and females 52%. Vatakara has an average literacy rate of 83%, higher than the national average of 59.5%; male literacy is 85%, and female literacy is 80%. 11% of the population was under 6 years old.

Economy
Fishing is one of Vatakara's main commercial activities. The Moorad River flows into the Arabian Sea at a point close to the town.

Vatakara is organized around two commercial hubs, the old and new bus depots. The area around the old bus depot contains commercial establishments as old as 100 years. Recently, commerce has shifted to the area around the new bus depot and the road towards Kannur, with many new buildings, including hospitals and flats being built or planned.

Nut Street is the distribution center for nuts, including coconuts and areca nuts. Produce flows to collection outlets and is dried, packed, and transported to other states. Northern Kerala is well known for the production of coconuts.

Hospitals include the CO-OP Hospital, Asha Hospital, Janatha Hospital, Ceeyam Hospital and the Parco specialty hospital.

The Uralungal Labour Contract Co-operative Society is a unique labour cooperative initiative centered in Madappally that was inspired by the Indian sage Vagbhatananda. The society was registered in 1925.

Transportation

 * Train: Vatakara Railway Station is one of India's model railway stations, and connected to all major metros
 * Air: Kannur International Airport is the closest airport, approximately 48 km away. Calicut International Airport is approximately 60 km away.
 * Road: National Highway 66 (NH66) passes through Vatakara town, connecting Vatakara to Kozhikode to the south (45 km) and to Kannur (44 km) and Mangalore (188 km) to the north. A preliminary survey is being performed for a National Highway to connect Vatakara to Bangalore through Nadapuram.
 * Vadakara distance between Vadakara to Mananthavady by bus is approximately 65 km. Bus travelling is one of the ways to reach from Vadakara to Mananthavady Wayanad
 * Perambra via Thamarassery 55 km and 83 km from *Vadakara to *Kalpetta

Temples
The Lokanarkavu temple is located at Memunda, 5 km from Vadakara. It is closely associated with the heroes and heroines of Vadakkanpattu: Thacholi Othenan, the hero of Kadathanadu, was a devotee of the Lokanarkavu goddess, Lokanarkavilamma, an aspect of Durga. Three rock-cut caves near the temple are decorated with candid murals and carvings. The annual Hindu festival celebrating Durga, locally called Pooram, takes place during March/April. Two temples adjacent to the Lokanarkavu temple focus on the worship of Vishnu and Shiva.
 * Lokanarkavu temple
 * Payamkuttimala temple
 * The temple of Muthappan at Memunda is managed by the tourism department of the Kerala Government. As of 2018, plans were under way for modernization of the surroundings of the temple. The Theyyam form of worship is practiced here.

 * Chendamangalam temple
 * The Chennamangalam temple is one of the oldest temples in Kerala, and also one of the very few temples which has Dhwaja Pratishtha. It is situated 2 km from Vatakara town, near to Chorode. The deities primarily worshipped are Shiva and Ayyappan. This temple is similar in nature to the Sabarimala temple. When pilgrimages to Sabarimala were impossible due to a fire, Chennamangalam temple served as an alternative destination.

 * Kozhukkannur Neyyamruth Madom
 * Kozhukkannur Neyyamruth Madom is located at Purameri. In the Kottiyoor festival, the madom forms a centre from which Neyamruthu (ghee) offerings are taken to the Kottiyoor temple on foot.

Additional temples in the region include Kizhakkedathu temple, Sivapuram Sree Mahadeva Kshethram, Arathil Bhagavathi Kottakkal temple, Thuneri Sree Vettakkorumakan Kshethram, Ponmeri Shiva temple, Kalleri Kuttichathan temple, Kaliyampalli temple and Nagath Sri Muchilottu Bhagavathi temple.

Thacholi Meppayil Kunjhu Othenan or Mepayil Tacholi Manikoth Kovilakathu Kunji Othena Kurup (Udayana Kurup of Thacholi Manikoth House) or more popularly Thacholi Othenan was a legendary hero who is believed to have lived during 16th century in North Malabar region of Kerala, India. He is praised in the Vadakkan Pattukal (ballads of North Malabar).[6] [7] Thacholi Ambadi, another renowned martial arts expert, was Othenan's son.
 * Thacholi Othenan

Kunjali Marakkar memorial
The location of the Marakkar fort on the southern bank of the Moorad river, 44 km from Kozhikode and 51 Km from Kannur, is now known as Kottakkal. A building in Kottakkal that belonged to Kunjali Marakkar serves as a small museum, with collections of ancient swords, cannonballs and knives.The Kunjali Marakkar or Kunhali Marakkar was the title given to the Muslim naval chief of the Inscriptions on the Kunjali Marakkar Memorial at Kottakkal, Vatakara.

Sandbanks recreation area
The Sandbanks recreation area is located on a small peninsula with the Moorad river on the east and the Arabian Sea on the west, approximately 3 km towards the south of Vatakara town. The Sandbanks Bungalow, which was built by Wilfred Vincent Reilly in 1946, stands on this peninsula. The area is owned by the Aditya Birla Management Corporation Ltd and managed by Vadakara Municipality. A coastal police station is being built on the peninsula.

Theyyam
Theyyam or Thirayattam is a ritual performance art form that depict the cultural heritage of North Malabar, especially of ancient Kolathunad. Theyyam depicts Shiva bhutaganas, Kali and other deities and cultural heroes. The drama is enacted based on ancient stories and the language used is "Tottam pattu", a primitive form of Malayalam. Theyyam shows the Buddhist influence from centuries ago. Theyyam is usually held from October to May every year. The colour of Theyyam is typically red. Velan is described in the Sangam literature 500 CE. It could have been a tribal ritual art which evolved under Buddhism and the Brahminic revival of Hinduism. This art form is addressed as "Kaliyattom" North of Pazhayangadi Puzha, Kannur, as "Theyyam" South of the river and as "Tirayattom" around Vadakara (Kadathanadu).

Villages in Vatakara Taluk
Villages in Vatakara Taluk

The position of the Vatakara Taluk in Kozhikode district is given below:

The villages included in the Taluk are:
 * Ayancheri
 * Azhiyur
 * Chekkiad
 * Chorode
 * Edachery
 * Edathumkara
 * Eramala
 * Kavilumpara
 * Kayakkodi
 * Kottappally
 * Kunnummal
 * Kuttiady
 * Maniyur
 * Maruthonkara
 * Nadakkuthazha
 * Nadapuram
 * Narippatta
 * Onchiam
 * Palayad
 * Purameri
 * Thinur
 * Thiruvallur
 * Thuneri
 * Valayam
 * Vanimal
 * Velom
 * Vilangad
 * Villiappally

Educational institutions
There are many schools, colleges and tuition centers in Vatakara.

Amrutha Public School,Pathiyarakkara, Vidya Prakash Public School, Rani Public School, Chorode and Gokulam Public School are the 4 main private schools in Vadakara.

1.Government College, Madappally Vadakara is a post-graduate campus affiliated with the University of Calicut.

2. The 62nd Regional Centre of the Indira Gandhi National Open University, Vadakara was established at Vatakara in January 2011, serving students from the Malabar region, including the Kasargod, Kannur, Wayanad, Kozhikode, and Malappuram districts.

3. College of Engineering Vatakara

College of Engineering Vadakara is an engineering college in Kozhikode district of Kerala, established in 1999. The first engineering college under the Co-operative Academy of Professional Education, Thiruvananthapuram, established by Govt. of Kerala, started functioning in June 1999.

4. Model Polytechnic College

Model Polytechnic College, Vadakara is running under the Institute of Human Resources Development established by Government of Kerala.

5. Government Technical High School was established in 1965 and it is managed by the Department of Education. It is located in urban area. It is located in VATAKARA ...

6. Busthaniya Women's College

Notable residents

 * Thacholi Othenan
 * Thacholi Ambadi
 * Unniyarcha
 * K. K. N. Kurup
 * T. P. Chandrasekharan
 * Punathil Kunjabdulla
 * Mullappally Ramachandran
 * V. T. Murali
 * C. K. Nanu
 * Meenakshi Amma
 * Cherusseri Namboothiri
 * Akbar Kakkattil
 * V. R. Sudheesh
 * K. K. Rema
 * Shabeer Kallarakkal
 * P. K. Basheer
 * Parakkal Abdulla

Tourism
Sargaalaya Crafts Village

Sargaalaya Crafts Village at Iringal, Vadakara sells traditional local art and crafts.

Vadakara sandbanks

Local beaches include Vadakara sandbanks,park and Kolavipalam Beach at Kolavipalam between Vatakara and Payyoli, to the south of the Murad River.

Kunjali Marakkar Museum -

The Kunjali Marakkar Museum is located at about 1.5 km from the Sargaalaya Craft Village, at Kottakkal, Iringal (working hours: 9 A.M. to 5 P.M. and Monday is a holiday). It is the old residence of a legendary warrior, who fought valiantly against the Portuguese invaders. Marakkars are believed to be originally Moplas of Malabar, probably differing in exact origin and sub sect and have been traders by profession. The title of Marakkar possibly also derived from the ‘Malayala’ word, marak-kalam, meaning boat [Sea traders]. We can learn from history that the Muslim Naval Chief of the Zamorin (Samoothiri) Kingdom of Calicut (Kozhikode), namely the Kutti Mohammed Ali was bestowed the title of Kunjali in 1507. He was later succeeded by Kutti Pokker Ali (Kunhali II) and then, by the famed supporter of Kunhali II, namely Patu Marakkar (Kunhali III) and subsequently, the nephew of Kunhali III, by name Mohammed Marakar became Kunhali IV. These four Kunhali Marakkars have played such a prominent role in the Zamorin's naval wars with the Portuguese from 1502 to 1600 that they are accredited with the honour of organizing the first naval defense of the Indian coast.

Once you enter the massive gates with the ‘sword and shield’ insignia emblazoned on black cast iron door, a small and well-maintained garden with bright flowers, a porch and a handsome cottage and the Museum, renovated in 2013 welcome you. A very dedicated and soft-spoken guide is readily available there to narrate the entire episodes with patience. Some of the prominent displays include the model of the forted village of Kottakkal [Kotta (fort)] constructed by Kunjali Marakkar III, the arms such as the sword used by Kunjali Marakkar, cannonballs and many other war relics of the country's earliest naval heroes, who led the first successful defense of India's coast against the European sea power.

Payamkuttimala,ECO tourisum

A panoramic view of Vadakara and its surroundings is what Payamkuttimala in Kozhikode district has to offer. Located from Panikkotti on Vadakara – Tiruvallur road, lots of travellers come to the hill station to watch the sunrise and sunset and gaze at the Arabian Sea. Set about 2,000 feet above sea level, the small hillock also houses a Muthappan Madapura and dead laterite rocks.

Lokanarkavu Temple is an ancient Hindu temple situated in Memunda 4 km from Vatakara, in Kozhikode District, North Malabar region of Kerala state of south India. Lokanarkavu is a short form of Lokamalayarkavu which means lokam (world) made of mala (mountain), aaru (river) and kavu (grove). The closest railway station is at Vatakara, which is 5 km from temple. The nearest airport is Kannur airport which is 54 km away.

Pooram is the important festival here and it is conducted with great pomp and show. The week-long festival begins with Kodiyettam (flag hoisting) and concludes with Arattu. The temple dedicated to goddess Durga has great historical importance as Thacholi Othenan, the legendary martial hero of Kerala, used to worship here every day.

Lokanarkavu and Kalarippayattu
Thirty days Mandala Utsavam in Malayalam month Vrischikam (November–December) and Pooram in Malayalam month meenam (March–April) are the annual festival at the Lokanarkavu Bhagavathy Temple. This is the only temple where a peculiar folk dance called Poorakkali is presented during festivals. The dance, resembles the martial art Kalarippayattu. Even today, all Kalaripayattu artists seek the blessings of the deity before their debut due to the association of Lokanarkavu Temple with legendary hero thacholi othenan.

Kakkayam Dam

Kakkayam is a dam site located at Koorachundu in, Kerala. Kakkayam is on the outskirts of the Western Ghats, and Malabar Wildlife Sanctuary, a 7,421-hectare (18,340-acre) abode of wild animals including elephants and bisons. Kakkayam has an abundant wildlife population and is also a trekking and rock climbing destination.

This reservoir is part of the Kuttiyadi Hydro Electric Project and is located at about 750 m (2,460 ft) above sea level. The pen stock runs down from the dam site and goes through various tunnels and hills to the Kuttiyadi Main power house at Kakkayam with an installed capacity of 225MW. Water coming out of this power house is diverted to two small hydro electric projects namely Kuttiyadi Tail Race power house and Kakkayam small hydro electric project with an installed capacity of 3.75 MW and 3 MW respectively.After this the tail water joins the river and is utilized for Peruvannamoozhi Irrigation Project.

Kalleri Kuttichathan Temple.

Kalleri is famous and civilized village area that is belongs to Vatakara taluk, north to Kozhikode. Kalleri is located at Vatakara Thanneerpanthal route 8 km from Vatakara, near Villiappaly. It is a very beautiful place and is suitable for rest with nature.There is a canal at Kalleri, which is a part of Vadakara – Mahi canal. Land of Kalleri is encircled by Kallerikunnu at west and Aroora mala (mountain) at east. The famous Kalleri Kuttichathan temple located here. Thousands of devotees are visiting this temple every week.

Kottathuruthi Bhagavathi Temple

Kottathuruthi bhagavathi temple is one of the beautiful temple in kerala situated near arabian sea. This temple is located in a small island called kottathuruthi. It is an island village situated in the Kuttyadi river near Moorad bridge.

Vadakara Population Census 2011 - 2022
Vadakara is a Municipality city in district of Kozhikode, Kerala. The Vadakara city is divided into 44 wards for which elections are held every 5 years. The Vadakara Municipality has population of 75,295 of which 35,531 are males while 39,764 are females as per report released by Census India 2011.

Population of Children with age of 0-6 is 7823 which is 10.39% of total population of Vadakara (M). In Vadakara Municipality, Female Sex Ratio is of 1119 against state average of 1084. Moreover, Child Sex Ratio in Vadakara is around 952 compared to Kerala state average of 964. Literacy rate of Vadakara city is 94.88% higher than state average of 94.00%. In Vadakara, Male literacy is around 97.12% while female literacy rate is 92.91%.

Vadakara Municipality has total administration over 15,787 houses to which it supplies basic amenities like water and sewerage. It is also authorize to build roads within Municipality limits and impose taxes on properties coming under its jurisdiction.

title: Vatakara


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List of margraves and electors of Brandenburg

This article lists the Margraves and Electors of Brandenburg during the period of time that Brandenburg was a constituent state of the Holy Roman Empire.

The Mark, or March, of Brandenburg was one of the primary constituent states of the Holy Roman Empire. It was created in 1157 as the Margraviate of Brandenburg by Albert the Bear, Margrave of the Northern March. In 1356, by the terms of the Golden Bull of Charles IV, the Margrave of Brandenburg was given the permanent right to participate in the election of the Holy Roman Emperor with the title of Elector (Kurfürst).

The early rulers came from several different dynasties, but from 1415 Brandenburg and its successor states were ruled by the House of Hohenzollern for over 500 years. From 1618 onward, Brandenburg was ruled in personal union with the Duchy of Prussia. The Hohenzollerns raised Prussia to a kingdom as the Kingdom of Prussia in 1701, and from then on Brandenburg was de facto treated as part of the kingdom even though it was legally still part of the Holy Roman Empire. The titles of Margrave of Brandenburg and Elector of Brandenburg were abolished along with the Holy Roman Empire in 1806, and Brandenburg was formally integrated into Prussia. Despite this, the Prussian kings still included the title "Margrave of Brandenburg" in their royal style. From 1871 to 1918 the Hohenzollerns were also German Emperors.

Table of rulers
(Note: here, the numbering of the princes is the same for all principalities, as all were titled Margraves of Brandenburg, despite the different parts of land and its particular numbering of the rulers. The princes are numbered by the year of their succession.)

Titular Margraves of Brandenburg after 1806
This includes Kings of Prussia with the title of Margrave of Brandenburg (1806–1918) and pretenders to the throne of Prussia (1918–present)


text:
Fitzpatrick Center

The Fitzpatrick Center for Interdisciplinary Engineering, Medicine and Applied Sciences—colloquially referred to as FCIEMAS (pronounced "eff-see-mas") —opened in August 2004 on the West campus of Duke University. Research facilities focus on the fields of photonics, bioengineering, communications, and materials science and materials engineering. The aim of the building was to emphasize interdisciplinary activities and encourage cross-departmental interactions. The building houses numerous wet bench laboratories (highlighted by a nanotechnology research wing), offices, teaching spaces, and an Irish themed café Twinnie's. FCIEMAS contains: a three-story, 10000 sqft atrium; 206-seat auditorium; 104000 sqft of laboratory space; 10000 sqft of conference space; and the Duke Immersive Virtual Environment (one of seven in the world). The construction of FCIEMAS took more than three years and cost more than $97 million.

title: Fitzpatrick Center


text:
Century 21 (political party)

Century 21 (Segle 21) was a conservative political party in Andorra.

History
The party first contested national elections in 2005, when it ran in alliance with the Andorran Democratic Centre. The alliance received 10.7% of the vote and won two seats.

In 2005 the parties merged to form the New Centre.

title: Century 21 (political party)


text:
Heart (Stars album)

Heart is the second studio album by the Canadian indie rock band Stars, released on Paper Bag Records in Canada and on Arts & Crafts in the USA.

The album features three regional covers: the Canadian cover features a man embracing a woman who is resting on the man's lap, the US cover features a billboard with a woman's eyes gazing onward, and the European cover features three women spying out of a porthole.

The album was originally released with a bonus promotional sampler of acts with current releases on Paper Bag, including Matthew Barber, Hawaii, The FemBots and Uncut. Two tracks from Heart were repeated on the sampler, along with a non-album bonus track, "Timeless."

The US release includes a hidden bonus track, a live version of "The Comeback", originally taken from the 2001 EP of the same name. The track "Look Up" uses an English horn solo from the beginning of the third movement of Symphonie Fantastique by Hector Berlioz, and the track "The Woods" contains quotes from the movie Grey Gardens, the famed cult-classic documentary from 1975. Videos for the songs "Elevator Love Letter" and "Look Up" were shot to promote this album.

The album was recorded in the bedroom of keyboard player Chris Seligman on Avenue Mont-Royal in Montreal.

title: Heart (Stars album)


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Eugene Sully

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was redirect. Sasquatch′↔T↔C 23:40, July 28, 2005 (UTC)

Eugene Sully
not notable brenneman (t) (c)  00:27, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Smerge and redirect to Big Brother UK series 6. I think that's the standard procedure for these guys. Or delete. Thats wouldn't bother me too much either. -R. fiend 00:33, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect to Big Brother UK series 6. JamesBurns 05:03, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect all of them except Derek Laud who was a known political figure before becoming a contestant and I imagine will be again afterwards. There is nothing notable about any of the rest. Mrsteviec 11:57, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Category:Game show announcers

People who have announced on game shows.

title: Category:Game show announcers


text:
Christian amendment

Christian amendment describes any of several attempts to amend a country's constitution in order to officially make it a Christian state.

In the United States, the most significant attempt to amend the United States Constitution by inserting explicitly Christian ideas and language began during the American Civil War and was spearheaded by the National Reform Association.

Samoa
In June 2017, Samoa became a Christian state after Parliament passed a bill to amend its constitution; Article 1 of the Samoan Constitution states that "Samoa is a Christian nation founded on God the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit".

Initial proposals
In February 1863, during the American Civil War, a coalition of eleven Protestant denominations from seven northern states gathered to discuss the state of the nation. Seeing the Civil War as God's punishment for the omission of God from the Constitution, they discussed a proposed amendment to alter the wording of the Preamble to acknowledge God. The idea that civil governments derive their legitimacy from God, and Jesus in particular, was alleged to be based on Biblical passages such as Psalm 2 and Romans 13. The original draft of the amendment, by Pennsylvania attorney John Alexander, read: "We, the people of the United States recognizing the being and attributes of Almighty God, the Divine Authority of the Holy Scriptures, the law of God as the paramount rule, and Jesus, the Messiah, the Savior and Lord of all, in order to form a more perfect union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquillity, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and to our posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America. ( insertions and deletions noted)"

The Christian Amendment Movement was founded the next year and quickly renamed the "National Reform Association" with Alexander as its first president. They sent a memorial to Congress formally proposing the following amendment: "We, the people of the United States, humbly acknowledging Almighty God as the source of all authority and power in civil government, the Lord Jesus Christ as the Ruler among the nations, His revealed will as the supreme law of the land, in order to constitute a Christian government, and in order to form a more perfect union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquillity, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the inalienable rights and the blessings of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness to ourselves and our posterity, and all the people, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America."

A delegation from the National Reform Association sought to meet with Abraham Lincoln on February 11, 1864, to solicit his endorsement of the amendment. Lincoln's pastor, Rev. Phineas Gurley, arranged for Lincoln to meet the delegation. After hearing their petition, Lincoln responded: "The general aspect of your movement I cordially approve. In regard to particulars I must ask time to deliberate, as the work of amending the Constitution should not be done hastily. I will carefully examine your paper in order more fully to comprehend its contents than is possible from merely hearing it read, and will take such action upon it as my responsibility to our Maker and our country demands."

The proposal was supported by Senators Charles Sumner, B. Gratz Brown and John Sherman, but did not come to a vote in Congress. One member of the National Reform Association, James Pollock, played a role in getting the phrase "In God We Trust" on the two-cent coin in 1864.

Another version of the amendment read: "We the people of the United States, humbly acknowledging Almighty God as the source of all authority and power in civil government, the Lord Jesus Christ as the Governor among the nations, and His revealed will as our supreme authority, in order to constitute a Christian government, to form a more perfect union, ... do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America. (ellipses as given in source)"

Similar proposals were considered by Congress in 1874, 1895, 1896, 1910, 1947, 1949, 1951, 1953, 1955, 1956, 1957, 1959, 1961, 1963, 1965, 1967, and 1969 but none passed.

Later attempts
With the growing backlash in American society against communism in the 1940s and 1950s, new efforts were made to introduce Christianity into the Constitution, although these efforts were now in the form of standard constitutional amendments. In 1954 Vermont Senator Ralph Flanders proposed:
 * Section 1: This nation devoutly recognizes the authority and law of Jesus Christ, Savior and Ruler of nations, through whom are bestowed the blessings of Almighty God.
 * Section 2: This amendment shall not be interpreted so as to result in the establishment of any particular ecclesiastical organization, or in the abridgment of the rights of religious freedom, or freedom of speech and press, or of peaceful assemblage.
 * Section 3: Congress shall have power, in such cases as it may deem proper, to provide a suitable oath or affirmation for citizens whose religious scruples prevent them from giving unqualified allegiance to the Constitution as herein amended.

None of the proposals came to a congressional vote.

There were calls for similar amendments in the wake of the 1962 Supreme Court case Engel v. Vitale, which ruled school-sponsored and dictated prayer in schools unconstitutional. Over 200 similar amendment proposals were introduced to Congress between 1894 and 1984.

title: Christian amendment


text:
Talk:Big Red (book)

Vote for Deletion
This article survived a Vote for Deletion. The discussion can be found here. It's content was merged and the article then redirected. -Splash 00:28, 23 July 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Big Red (book)


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Grease gun (tool)

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was keep. Sasquatch′↔T↔C 07:32, July 28, 2005 (UTC)

Grease gun (tool)
Not only is it a dicdef, but it repeats contents of grease gun. -R. fiend 00:29, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * OK, now that it's been expanded, I'll vote to keep as well. -R. fiend 15:38, 23 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Keep, I'm sure this could be expanded. - SimonP 01:46, July 23, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keepplease see edit. The article has been expanded and is now somewhat useful. Hamster Sandwich 03:33, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep and expand further. Now a good stub on common tool. Capitalistroadster 07:18, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, notable and beyond dicdef.-LtNOWIS 09:14, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Notable tool, article meaningful. Balster neb 18:37, 23 July 2005
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Talk:Grace & Favour

Maggie Holland
Is the actress Maggie Holland really the singer to whom this article is linked? Unlikely I think... --Weydonian (talk) 22:44, 2 November 2008 (UTC)
 * Nope. Looks like someone created the singer page in the mean time. Fixed link.MArcane (talk) 22:55, 2 November 2008 (UTC)

British English
I'm really not a stickler for British English (and certainly not looking for a spelling war) but if the intent of this article is to be in British English, there's a couple of changes that I'd like to suggest: -- Finlay McWalter | Talk 00:32, July 23, 2005 (UTC)
 * womanizing -> womanising
 * vacation -> holiday
 * treated her right -> treated her well

 * From what I heard in IRC, "womanizing" is actually debatable. Apparently Oxford's university press prefers the spelling with a z. The other ones you can change by yourself, you know. Mike H (Talking is hot) 00:36, July 23, 2005 (UTC)

 * The debate over '-ize' vs. '-ise' endings in British spelling rages among pedants. OUP house style is to have -ize, and I generally prefer it, but it does create difficulties with some words such as 'advertise' which never take -ize because they are from a different stem. See American and British English spelling differences. David | Talk 08:48, 27 July 2005 (UTC)

 * FWIW, the "-ize" spelling derives from the ancient Greek -ιζω suffix, which performs the same function of turning a noun into a verb. JHCC (talk) 13:42, 27 July 2005 (UTC)
 * I find the use of words like "programme" to come across a bit affected. I've changed them to the simpler 'show'. MArcane 03:34, 19 December 2006 (UTC)

Article tense
I've revised the tense in the article to make it present instead of past. Particularly in the 'premise' section, it sounded odd to refer to the storyline in the past tense. The same should be done to the 'plot' section, but I've run out of time.MArcane 03:58, 19 December 2006 (UTC)

Where was Mr. Lucas?
The article claims that Mike Berry was the only non-returning cast member. If so, why is Trevor Bannister never mentioned? I also see no reference to Arthur English.
 * They were not cast members at the time that AYBS went off the air.MArcane 22:55, 29 April 2007 (UTC)

Never before seen cat?
The article plot contains a sentence referring to Mrs. Slocombe's cat, saying incorrectly that this is the first time we've seen it. Actually, we did see Tiddles in the original series, at least in prop form. I actually believe we did see a live Tiddles in the original series as well, but I'm not in a position to re-watch the whole thing to find out which episode. Perhaps someone else? 24.57.239.43 (talk) 02:22, 15 May 2011 (UTC)

Hurray: You can watch the whole series now online!
Just wanted everybody to know:

The whole series (All twelve episodes) can be seen (For free) on YouTube, in reasonable (VHS) Quality. Sorry for not signing this entry. What a stupid idea to use Tildes for that - not everybody uses those awful machines called 'Windows-PC's), en they're to be found nowhere (Or god knows by what key-combination) on a MAC-keyboard. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 80.200.56.102 (talk) 02:08, 14 May 2013 (UTC)

Reason For Only Two Series?
Is there any particular reason why this show only had two series? Scheduling conflicts? Poor ratings? Creators didn't have more material for the setting? Cast issues? Dalton Imperial (talk) 16:24, 2 February 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Grace & Favour


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Amanda Abizaid

Amanda Jo Abizaid is an American Lebanese model, actress, and singer/songwriter, known for her vocal performance on the theme song of the USA Network/Sky One science fiction TV series The 4400.

Early years
Amanda Jo Abizaid was born in Beirut, Lebanon to an American mother and a Lebanese father of partial Mexican descent. She traveled the Middle East and Europe with her family before the age of ten, when she moved with her mother and brother to the United States. With her four elder sisters, she formed a band and developed a talent for harmonies. Her first exposure to music was Middle Eastern music combined with the late 1970s American influences of Alice Cooper, Elton John, Crosby, Stills and Nash, and The Beatles.

After moving to the U.S., Abizaid lived in Poughkeepsie, New York until moving to Great Falls, Virginia for high school. She later attended the Corcoran School of Art in Georgetown and then transferred to the Catholic University of America to study drama and music, while pursuing a career in hairstyling. She dropped out of college to work as a runway model with designers such as Jacques Fath, Nina Ricci, Oscar de la Renta, Alberta Ferretti, Badgley Mischka, Chloé, and Bill Blass. She traveled to Paris and Germany and modeled for London designer Zandra Rhodes in the UK. Afterward, she returned to the U.S. to live in Miami, Florida, where she met musician/songwriter Shane Soloski in the late 1990s and decided to move to Los Angeles to form a band with him.

Their first gig was an open mic at Molly Malone's where she met and played with Todd Sucherman (drummer for Styx). After several open mics around Los Angeles, she and Soloski formed a band called Blue which included musicians Eric Dover (guitarist for Alice Cooper), Ron Dziubla (guitarist/saxophonist for Ricky Martin), Brian Head (drummer for Foreigner), Mike Mennell (bassist for Tom Jones), and Taylor Mills (singer for Brian Wilson). They played a series of shows in Los Angeles at The Gig and The Mint and broke up in 2001 just before releasing their first album. She then recorded and performed as a backup vocalist for Jennifer Stills and as a backup vocalist for Kathleen Bird York (known for her Oscar-nominated song "In the Deep" from Crash). Abizaid began recording vocal sessions for several TV shows with writers Stephen Phillips and Tim P. from Bosshouse Music, as well as two songs for the 2002 film Devious Beings. She was also the voice for Ally Sheedy and Charisma Carpenter on the TV show Strange Frequency (2001), singing a vocal recorded duet with Sebastian Bach. Due to the success of The 4400, New York Post columnist Adam Buckman wrote on August 28, 2005, "I'd like to thank two singers — one named Sia and the other named Amanda Abizaid — for making TV all the more memorable this summer."

Solo years
Now an established artist in Los Angeles, Abizaid has performed as a solo artist releasing a single, two EPs, and one LP working with musicians Eric Dover, Ron Dziubla, Mike Mennell, Thom Gimbel (keyboardist/saxophonist for Foreigner), Brian Head, and Brian Tichy (drummer for Ozzy Osbourne). Abizaid has played shows at venues around the Los Angeles area. She played at the Indiegrrl festival in the Blue Ridge Mountains in 2012 and remains an avid supporter of women in music. She was on a compilation CD called Females on Fire.

She has written and sang songs for several independent feature films, 3 Below, The 13th Alley, Dark Ascension, and wrote the theme song and starred in the short film Facing the Lion (directed, written, and edited by her husband Joe Plonsky).

Discography

 * Indiegrrl Compilation, Vol. 3 (2009, indiegrrlrecords.com)
 * Females on Fire 3 (2008, Warrior Girl Music)
 * Paramount's The 4400: Music from the Television Series (2007, Milan Records) featuring the theme song, "A Place in Time"

Albums:
 * The Great Plan, Vol. II (2005)

EPs/Singles:
 * "Release Me" (2014)
 * "Be In Love" (2010)
 * In the Loop (2008)
 * "Lebanon"/"Ata's Song" (2005)
 * "High 5's"/"Undivided" (2005)
 * The Great Plan, Vol. I (2004)

title: Amanda Abizaid


text:
Talk:The Regular Guys

Anybody know?
With KBDN becoming KLIF-FM, is this show still on the air in Dallas? - Dravecky (talk) 06:26, 8 September 2009 (UTC)

Show is off the air in Dallas due to format change (was discussed on TRG show) but they picked up 105.5 in Macon GA. fastZcar —Preceding undated comment added 14:31, 28 January 2010 (UTC).

title: Talk:The Regular Guys


text: User talk:84.9.113.134

title: User talk:84.9.113.134


text:
Talk:Nonlinear magnetic field

Merging
I disagree with merging this into magnetic field. Certainly Maxwell's equations hold classically, and (as the author of the article points out) the Divergence theorem makes this knot business impossible. This does not appear to be anything even resembling mainstream physics, at least not without more information (see below), and isn't particularly comprehensible either. Deletion seems most sensible to me. -- SCZenz 00:32, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * There is such a thing as a magnetic knot in the context of plasma physics. This would not be the first time someone has taken a phenomena in plasmas and confused it. There are such things as nonlinear magnetic fields; just not what this anon has written about, so it might make sense to redirect to magnetic field. Salsb 01:34, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * A redirect is fine, but not a merge. There's no material here that should be in the B-field article. -- SCZenz 05:34, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * I agree, and I'm doing so. 13:15, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * I have no objection. I wanted to make sure that a physicist had the opportunity to look at this for ideas for magnetic field. Also, merging is less bureaucracy than deletion.  — Pekinensis 00:55, 23 July 2005 (UTC)

Context
What was the context of Ulam's original remarks? Is it possible to provide a citation? -- SCZenz 00:32, 23 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Early thinking on these topics evenutally gave way to the realization that pair creation happens. WP is not the right place to do original research in the history of physics. linas 19:49, 24 July 2005 (UTC)

VfD
FYI, this is original research, and appears to be a resumption of an earlier article of the same name that was VfD'd. The archives of Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Mathematics/Archive8 document this incident and related articles; please watch for sockpuppets and other activity similar to this. linas 19:46, 24 July 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Nonlinear magnetic field


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Nightsongs (Stars album)

Nightsongs is the first album by Canadian indie rock band Stars, released in 2001 on Le Grand Magistery. At this time, Stars consisted only of Torquil Campbell and Chris Seligman, although both Amy Millan and Emily Haines of Metric make appearances. There is also a very rare vinyl pressing of the record on the Japanese label Syft, which has since gone out of business. The vinyl pressing also has 2 additional tracks ("Friend's Father's Mother" and "Angeline") not featured on the CD version.

Track listing
All songs by Stars, except "This Charming Man" by Morrissey and Johnny Marr.

In other media

 * "International Rock Star" features dialogue from the film adaptation of The Collector. The Smiths, whose single "This Charming Man" is covered on this album, also feature material from the film using a production still of Terence Stamp as the cover art for their 1985 single "What Difference Does It Make?"
 * Going, Going, Gone" was featured in season 1 episode 6 ("Reckoning," 2001) of the television series Alias.
 * "Tonight" was used in a 2006 Canadian short film of the same name.
 * "Going, Going, Gone" was featured in season 1 episode 6 ("Powerless", 2007) of the television series Life.

title: Nightsongs (Stars album)


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Gray Wolf Ridge

Gray Wolf Ridge is a spur of the northeastern Olympic Mountains in Washington's Olympic Peninsula. Arcing northeast from the Mount Deception - Needles - Mount Clark - Mount Walkinshaw massif, Gray Wolf Ridge is covered by alpine and subalpine forests up to the timberline, leaving the upper elevations of the ridge's six rocky peaks vegetated only by fragile alpine meadows. The ridge and its component mountains are markedly steep, as is its primary access route, the Maynard Burn Trail (#816) of Olympic National Forest. The higher, western segment of Gray Wolf Ridge lies within the boundary of Olympic National Park.

Gray Wolf Mountain, at 7218 ft above sea level, is the ridge's highest summit. It was first climbed by Leigh B. Lint in 1928. Other distinct peaks include '7076' (7076), Baldy (6797), Tyler Peak (6364), and Maynard Peak (5065), which forms the northeastern terminus of Gray Wolf Ridge. Gray Wolf River runs through the valley-bottom to the Ridge's north; Royal Creek and the Dungeness River flow through the valley along the Ridge's east and south. Gray Wolf Ridge is the highest point of Clallam County.

Climate
Gray Wolf Ridge is located in the marine west coast climate zone of western North America. Most weather fronts originate in the Pacific Ocean, and travel northeast toward the Olympic Mountains. As fronts approach, they are forced upward by the peaks of the Olympic Range, causing them to drop their moisture in the form of rain or snowfall (Orographic lift). As a result, the Olympics experience high precipitation, especially during the winter months in the form of snowfall. During winter months, weather is usually cloudy, but, due to high pressure systems over the Pacific Ocean that intensify during summer months, there is often little or no cloud cover during the summer. Because of maritime influence, snow tends to be wet and heavy, resulting in avalanche danger.

Geology
The Olympic Mountains are composed of obducted clastic wedge material and oceanic crust, primarily Eocene sandstone, turbidite, and basaltic oceanic crust. The mountains were sculpted during the Pleistocene era by erosion and glaciers advancing and retreating multiple times.

title: Gray Wolf Ridge


text:
User talk:TV Party Tonight!

Please Note
My talk page (and only my talk page) is open to anyone choosing to discuss articles with me, but abuse, unwanted posts from undesirable trash, and other harassment will be deleted and reported. Wikipedia administrators are well-aware of one abusive admin who has defaced this page and my talk page using multiple usernames.

Could you please stop vandalising user pages. Rje 00:37, July 23, 2005 (UTC)

 * Well...I dunno. But since you said "please," and you've got a nice face....okay!   --TV Party Tonight! 00:39, 23 July 2005 (UTC)

 * This is another in a long line of accounts created by the same small, undersized individual who has been vandalizing my user & talk pages for months. User:Mel Etitis generally disables these accounts soon after they are created. Chadbryant 00:44, 23 July 2005 (UTC)

Yes, blocked. --Mel Etitis ( Μελ Ετητης ) 09:26, 23 July 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:TV Party Tonight!


text: User:TV Party Tonight!

title: User:TV Party Tonight!


text:
Talk:Index of Cameroon-related articles

FAC
The target page for this wiki is now a REDIRECT to Featured article candidates, which itself was a disambiguation page I had created. Please don't hesitate to resurrect the disambiguation page when the article Front of Allies for Change has been created. Regards, Court land.

Problems
This page links to Koko, which I guess is some famous name for Cameroon, but unfortunately, the link to Kotoko (KOTOKO) is assigned to a japanese artist. Should an explanation be given ? I've been searching around for the name "Kotoko", but related to Cameroon to clear things up, but apparently, I have not enough knowledge in these fields to write another Kotoko article for it. So I think we should add a disambiguation page somewhat like the Vietnamese page to clear things up .. | ipridian 10:20, 10 November 2005 (UTC)
 * The Kotoko are an ethnic group (it may also be the name of a town; I can't remember off the top of my head). I'll try to write something short on them later today under the title Kotoko people. —BrianSmithson 13:41, 10 November 2005 (UTC)
 * Okay, I wrote up the kingdom instead. See Kotoko kingdom. Kotoko is now a disambiguation page. The fact that the Japanese singer spells the name in all caps makes a page move unnecessary for that particular article. —BrianSmithson 21:08, 12 November 2005 (UTC)

Updated
I just went through and added everything from Category:Cameroon that wasn't here. No promises that I spelled everything correctly, though. Now we just need to follow all the links to make sure disambiguation pages don't need to be set up for some of these terms. — BrianSmithson 09:40, 26 October 2006 (UTC)

Index?
If this is an index of articles as the title says, rather than a list of topics, then all the links should go to existing Wikipedia articles and the article titles should not be altered or hidden by "|" pipes. --R'n'B (call me Russ) 01:24, 14 November 2011 (UTC)

title: Talk:Index of Cameroon-related articles


text:
Canaveral Barge Canal

The Canaveral Barge Canal is an active canal in Brevard County, Florida, cutting east-west across northern Merritt Island just south of Cape Canaveral. It connects the Atlantic Ocean and Port Canaveral with the Indian River and wider Indian River Lagoon, part of the Intracoastal Waterway. The canal consists of two segments separated by the Banana River.

The canal was constructed by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers in 1965 to allow the transport of crude oil by barge to two power plants south of Titusville, Florida. The design was expanded during the planning stage to enable the transport of Saturn rocket stages to NASA's Kennedy Space Center for the Apollo program.

Canaveral Lock, the canal's only lock and the largest navigation lock in Florida, is located on the eastern segment. It has a rise of 3-4 ft and protects Canaveral Harbor from tidal currents, storm surge, and salt water. The lock is free of charge and takes 20 to 30 minutes for watercraft to traverse.

Vessels with drafts up to 12 ft may use the canal, which was intended for barges but not ships (the adjacent Port Canaveral allows drafts up to 39.5 ft ). The canal is popular with recreational boaters, providing access to Sykes Creek and various marinas. The next-closest passages between the Intracoastal Waterway and the ocean are Ponce de Leon Inlet, 50 mi to the north, and Sebastian Inlet, 40 mi to the south.

title: Canaveral Barge Canal


text:
User talk:Ksei

Solid State NMR Articles
I like what you've done with the solid-state NMR and MAS articles. Nice work. Salsb 00:36, 23 July 2005 (UTC)

Thanks for the encouragement to keep going :-) There's still soo much to write about... The most difficult task, I find, is keeping it simple. Ksei.

Image Tagging Image:Cross-polarization.png
Thanks for uploading Image:Cross-polarization.png. I notice the 'image' page currently doesn't specify who created the content, so the copyright status is unclear. If you have not created this media yourself then you need to argue that we have the right to use the media on Wikipedia (see copyright tagging below). If you have not created the media yourself then you should also specify where you found it, i.e., in most cases link to the website where you got it, and the terms of use for content from that page.

If the media also doesn't have a copyright tag then you must also add one. If you created/took the picture, audio, or video then you can use GFDL-self to release it under the GFDL. If you believe the media qualifies as fair use, please read fair use, and then use a tag such as or one of the other tags listed at Image copyright tags. See Image copyright tags for the full list of copyright tags that you can use.

If you have uploaded other media, please check that you have specified their source and copyright tagged them, too. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any unsourced and untagged images will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. Shyam ( T / C ) 19:05, 9 March 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:Ksei


text:
Wikipedia:Categories for deletion/Log/2005 July 23

Category:100 People Who Are Screwing Up America

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the category above. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the category's talk page (if any).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete --Kbdank71 11:36, 1 August 2005 (UTC)

I'm not sure we need this category - for one thing, I don't think it sets a good precedent to categorize people who have been mentioed in a book that is inherently not exactly unique and groundbreaking (if we follow through with creating categories for all similar books, can you imagine in how many categories people like Michael Moore or Ronald Reagan woud end up?), and the category itself is very poorly named - if we decide we need a category for this book at all, it should be renamed to "People mentioned in 100 people etc " -- Ferkelparade π 11:59, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete for the reasons stated above. Inherently POV. About a brand new book whose long-term significance is debatable. A list in the article will suffice. Gamaliel 15:50, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. The list might be of interest, but the category is not. - SimonP 19:51, July 23, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete trivia. If someone wants - create a list. Renata3 20:37, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete we don't need a category for people mentioned in a book generally, unless that book is a significant work of fiction. -Splash 02:36, 24 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Absolutely, unequivocally kill it. Category is severely ideological and POV. Bearcat 07:11, 24 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. POV, POV ... did I say POV? Courtland 15:15, July 24, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Not NPOV. Punkmorten 19:29, 24 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete or rename to "101 people screwing up the category structure with POV".  ∞ Who ? ¿ ?  21:11, 24 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete - Not NPOV. Atlant 21:34, 24 July 2005 (UTC)
 * POV, delete. feydey 01:35, 25 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Category. Book is POV, of course; article seems fine, but no reason to make a separate category for every book written. Albus Dumbledore 01:46, 25 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment by 12.73.196.40, an IP with only 10 edits.
 * Delete POV category. Postdlf 02:04, 25 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Also no separate "List of..." article, although including the list in the article about the book is OK. JamesMLane 13:49, 26 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete totally POV. MicahMN | Talk 16:06, July 28, 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the category's talk page (if any). No further edits should be made to this page.

Category:Anti-Semitic Characters

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the category above. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the category's talk page (if any).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was no consensus (keep) --Kbdank71 11:38, 1 August 2005 (UTC)

The title is miscapitalised, of course, but the real problem is that this is very misleadingly titled. The explanatory text is: "A list of offensive fictional characters that portray Jewish people in a negative light. See Anti-Semitism." In other words, not anti-Semitic characters. I haven't suggested a title for the category because, first, I'm not sure that it's needed at all, and secondly, I can't think of an accurate yet snappy title. --Mel Etitis ( Μελ Ετητης ) 09:54, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Just to make the point clearer (I think that one or two people may have misunderstood): an anti-Semitic character is a character who's anti-Semitic; these characters aren't anti-Semitic, they're Jews portrayed in what some people think is an anti-Semitic way. Hence the category is mistitled.  (I also think that it's not needed, but that's a separate issue.) --Mel Etitis  ( Μελ Ετητης ) 09:41, 26 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Comment: Hmm, yeah I suppose the category does have some potential for groth, but at it's currently size it seems a little pointles. There are also POV issues, at wich point does a "unsympatetic" Jewish character become a "tool" of anti-semitism? Seems a little "fuzzy" and subjective for a category. That said a "better" (though not very "snappy") name might be: "Fictional Jews acused of enforcing negative stereotyping." or some such. Kinda unwueldy though. Maybe it woulod be better to create a more generic "Fictional characters acused of enforcing negative stereotypes" though, it would probably be easier to "fill". Although still very subjective. --Sherool 11:57, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * I just don't think it is a useful category. There might be a useful article on Literary representation of Jews that could contain examples of signigificant literary representations of Jews, both positive and negative, with commentary, rather than just a list. I say delete the category. The two individuals currently in the category—Shylock and Fagin— are both villains of a sort, but neither an entirely unsympathetic character. -- Jmabel | Talk 22:49, July 23, 2005 (UTC)

 * Comment not yet ready to vote. This presents an interesting problem.  Writers do include characters that embody personal traits, such as race hatred, in a magnified form to make a point, to get across a message through hyperbole.  Recognizing these characters for what they are, what they were intended to be by the author, is relatively important because it contributes to positive literary criticism.  I'm still thinking on my vote in this particular instance, but I don't think it's a clear cut yes or no across the board.  Courtland 15:21, July 24, 2005 (UTC)

 * Comment. Perhaps it would be better to rename the category. I just didnt want characters like like Shylocke to be in the Fictional Jews category. I really dont think its POV to say he was originally written as an anti-semitic character, considering what time Merchant was written. I know he may have a few sympathetic qualities to him, but he is the orthodox "evil, hook-nosed money-grubbing Jew" stereotype (and then you have the whole "pound of flesh" thing). --DrBat 16:15, July 24, 2005 (UTC)

 * Comment I think this is another one of those POV lists or categories. I think it would be fine to mention and explain in articles about the characters that there may be some Anti-Semetic tendancies. There are too many shades of grey to have this not cause a lot of disputes. For example, what about the Derek Vinyard character played by Edward Norton in American History X? Clearly at one point in the movie he was anti-semetic, but again, what would then define him? MicahMN | Talk 16:12, July 28, 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the category's talk page (if any). No further edits should be made to this page.

Renaming of several Merseyside town/village categories

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the category above. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the category's talk page (if any).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was rename --Kbdank71 11:42, 1 August 2005 (UTC)

The following don't seem to follow the usual naming conventions: and their parent, Category:Merseyside, Villages and Towns → Category:Towns and villages in Merseyside
 * Category:Liverpool Villages and Towns → Category:Towns and villages in Liverpool
 * Category:Wirral, Villages and Towns → Category:Towns and villages in Wirral (or should it be "...in the Wirral"?)
 * Category:Knowsley, Villages and Towns → Category:Towns and villages in Knowsley
 * Category:St Helens, Villages and Towns → Category:Towns and villages in St Helens
 * Category:Sefton Villages and Towns → Category:Towns and villages in Sefton

Grutness...  wha?  08:41, 23 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Where are these naming conversions set out? It should be in Wirral as it refers to a Borough COuncil not the penninsular.--Jirate 12:25, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Hm. Maybe they're not set out anywhere as conventions. I simply assumed that, because every other UK entity I'd seen named them that way, there was supposed to be a standard way of doing it. Have a look at all the subcategories of Category:Villages in England and Category:Towns in England and you'll see what I mean. And the capitalisation is wrong even if everything else is acceptable. Grutness...  wha?  11:32, 25 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Can I interest people in the Category titles on a related issue? -Splash 02:36, 24 July 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the category's talk page (if any). No further edits should be made to this page.

Category:Bolero

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the category above. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the category's talk page (if any).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete --Kbdank71 11:41, 1 August 2005 (UTC)

A completely pointles category it only contains one article (Bolero) wich could easily fit into both of the parent categories + one disambiguation page that doesn't realy belong there anyway. Unless anyone is planning to write a few dozen articles about different kinds of Bolero I say delete. --Sherool 00:37, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Agree with Sherool, delete. Pavel Vozenilek 11:04, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, one article does not make a category. -Splash 02:36, 24 July 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the category's talk page (if any). No further edits should be made to this page.

Category:Changui

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the category above. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the category's talk page (if any).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete --Kbdank71 11:55, 1 August 2005 (UTC)

An empty category about one narrow style of music. I'm no expert but I have a hard time seeing this one used for anyting usefull. Delete. --Sherool 00:46, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Renata3 20:42, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, evidently redundant. -Splash 02:36, 24 July 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the category's talk page (if any). No further edits should be made to this page.

Category:Son montuno

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the category above. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the category's talk page (if any).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete --Kbdank71 11:56, 1 August 2005 (UTC)

Another category about a music style that only contain one article (Son montuno). 'Delete. --Sherool 00:53, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, one article doesn't make a category. -Splash 02:36, 24 July 2005 (UTC)
 * 'Delete per above. MicahMN | Talk 16:13, July 28, 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the category's talk page (if any). No further edits should be made to this page.

Category:Orange juice

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the category above. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the category's talk page (if any).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete --Kbdank71 11:57, 1 August 2005 (UTC)

Originally created by 24.30.157.246 to house Donald Duck (orange juice) (which I later merged into Donald Duck; now empty. tregoweth 19:31, July 23, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Renata3 20:40, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, redundant per nominator. -Splash 02:36, 24 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete MicahMN | Talk 16:14, July 28, 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the category's talk page (if any). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Roman Catholic Diocese of Magdeburg

The Diocese of Magdeburg (Dioecesis Magdeburgensis) is a Latin Church diocese of the Catholic Church, located in the German state of Saxony-Anhalt. Its seat is Magdeburg; it is suffragan to the Archdiocese of Paderborn.

The diocese was erected out of Paderborn territories in 1994. Its history dates back to the medieval Archbishopric of Magdeburg established in 968 AD.

History
At the 967 synod of Ravenna, Emperor Otto I obtained the consent of Pope John XIII to elevate Magdeburg to the see of an archbishop. The next year, against the valiant resistance by the Archbishop of Mainz and the Halberstadt bishop, Otto created the new archbishopric dedicated to Saint Maurice. It then headed an ecclesiastical province comprising the dioceses of Brandenburg, Havelberg, Zeitz, Merseburg, and Meissen, all located in the Saxon Eastern March. The first metropolitan was Archbishop Adalbert of Magdeburg (c. 910 - 981), a missionary to the Polabian Slavs, who also held the title of Primas Germaniae.

From the 12th century onwards, the Magdeburg metropolitans ruled as prince-archbishops over extended territories along the Elbe river. From 1207 onwards, Archbishop Albert had Magdeburg Cathedral rebuilt in a Gothic style that reflected his power position among the Princes of the Holy Roman Empire. At the beginning of the modern era, Magdeburg had to cope with the claims of the neighbouring Saxon and Brandenburg electorates. In 1476 Ernst II of Saxony, son of the Wettin elector Ernest, was elected archbishop; he occupied the city of Halle, where he had the Moritzburg residence erected between 1484 and 1503.

During the Protestant Reformation, large parts of the population within the prince-archbishopric turned Lutheran and from 1566 Magdeburg was ruled by a diocesan administrator. The estates were devastated in the Thirty Years' War. According to the 1648 Peace of Westphalia, the archiepiscopal territories were to be secularised and adjudicated to the Hohenzollern electors of Brandenburg. These provisions were implemented upon the death of the last administrator Duke Augustus of Saxe-Weissenfels in 1680, whereafter the secular Duchy of Magdeburg passed under the rule of the "Great Elector" Frederick William of Brandenburg.

From 1670 the former Catholic archdiocese was under the jurisdiction of the Apostolic Vicariate of Northern Germany. After the Holy Roman Empire was dissolved in 1806, the territories, now part of the Prussian Province of Saxony, were administrated by the Archbishops of Paderborn. The Magdeburg provosts at St. Sebastian's Church were also appointed episcopal commissioners. The Catholic church structure persisted even after the division of Germany from 1949 when Magdeburg, then part of East Germany, remained the see of auxiliary bishops sent from Paderborn in West Germany. In 1973 Bishop Johannes Braun was appointed Apostolic Administrator, who, though officially still subordinated to Paderborn, ruled over Magdeburg as a de facto diocese.

After German reunification, Braun's successor Leo Nowak was elevated to a bishop according to an Apostolic constitution issued on 27 June 1994 by Pope John Paul II. Magdeburg thereby was separated from Paderborn and restored as an autonomous suffragan diocese of the ecclesiastical province, dedicated to Saint Norbert of Xanten, with Saints Maurice and Gertrude of Helfta as secondary patrons.

Ordinaries

 * Leo Nowak (1994–2004)
 * Gerhard Feige (since 2005)

title: Roman Catholic Diocese of Magdeburg


text:
User:Señor Cardgage

Kendal Brian Hunter (born December 11, 1970 in Alameda, California  ) is a graduate of Brigham Young University ( 1995  BA History, Minor Political Science), and author of Consider My Servant Job: Lessons in Faith, humility and the Atonement. ISBN 1555177522. From July 25  1990 to  July 25  1992 he served a mission for the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints to Lisbon  Portugal.

title: User:Señor Cardgage


text:
Talk:Abdullah Yusuf Ali

significance
I added the cleanup-importance tag because I cannot see from this article alone why the man might be noteworthy. The article in its current state only tells me this man was a published expert on the Quran. There must be thousands of published experts on the Quran, most of which probably have some opinions about politics in South Asia. Somebody loves him enough to put him on wikipedia - but why? --81.154.236.221 00:38, 23 July 2005 (UTC)

 * I think that the importance of his translation of the Qur'an into English is the reason for inclusion -- if so then this information needs to be in the first (not the last) paragraph. Andreww 00:44, 23 July 2005 (UTC)

His Text, Translation, and Commentary of the Qur'an is probably the most widely used in my experience. I would put it down on par with the King James Bible. It is still edited and republished by dozens of large printing houses all over the world. The man's influence on the religious discourse is inestimable. The diction, opinions, commentary, and historical and mystical notes included in his original work are today the subject of an intellectual tug of war manifested in how his work is represented today in current printings. Abdullah Yusuf Ali is about as noteworthy as any literary or religious scholar in the world could possibly be. The day he isn't considered to be so is the day that one side has won that tug of war.WMHS 02:26, 30 April 2006 (UTC)

WMHS is exactly right. An odd note is that it seems difficult to find Ali's translation of the Qur'an in your average American book store. I own two copies: one is a badly done version published in India that I found in a used book store and the other is a very beautiful version that was published in Lebanon and which I bought through international mail. Barnes & Noble simply doesn't carry Ali's translation and they ought to. My impression is that Ali has his fans but that those who favor all of his original interpretations are in the minority. Ali may have been more open to representing different opinions within Islam which he allowed to speak through his commentary. He also seems to have promoted a rapprochement with some aspects of liberalism (such as it existed more than a century ago) which he did not see as an abandonment of Islam but rather as justified by a careful reading of the Qur'an.

criticism
Surat Al-Kahf, 18:90 Until, when he reached (a tract) between two mountains, he found, beneath them, a people who scarcely understood a word. It is not what I read in the Quran. It is written that: Till, when he reached the rising-place of the sun, he found it rising on a people for whom We had appointed no shelter therefrom (Pickthall). Whoever has knowledge about this explain it.

There is no mountain mentioned in the verse. It is mentioned later on the other people. This is a serious matter. Alromaithi 00:46, 9 June 2006 (UTC)

To the ear of a native English speaker, as can be seen from the compared quotations above, Pickthall's English is distractingly awkward. Ali's text reads better; however, a lack of literalness in Ali's translation could, indeed, be misleading. Would this be a place to explain why his translation of the above passage is "a serious matter" beyond the physical description and the order in which he reveals it? Does the difference have theological significance? And what about the first Surah where Pickthall refers to the "Owner of the Day of Judgment" whereas Ali has "Master of the Day of Judgment"? I prefer Ali's choice because it sounds much better in English. I am reminded, however, that I have compared many passages in the Greek text of the Christian Testament to about eight different English translations, and none of them renders the Greek quite right. Not sure theologians would say the differences make any difference. This is not a problem limited to translations of the Qur'an. - Unknown poster (please remember to put your signature and date stamp!)

Regarding Alromaithi's criticism, this is what 18:90 says in my copy of the Yusuf Ali translation, which is a copy from 1938. "Until, when he came /To the rising of the sun, /He found it rising /On a people for whom /We had provided /No covering protection / Against the sun." Then 18:93 reads, as Al-Romaithi describes "Until, when he reached/(A tract) between two mountains, /He found, beneath them, a people /Who scarcely understood a word."

Consequently I think that either whoever printed the versions being described above must have either changed Ali's numbering to be different from Pickthall's, or there is a mistake in what was quoted at the top of this section. In general, though, I agree with the previous post that this is not a significant issue, so long as the Arabic text provided is identical.

--WMHS (talk) 07:02, 7 December 2007 (UTC)

 * Qur'ān 3:45: "Behold! the angels said: "O Mary! Allah giveth thee glad tidings of a Word from Him: his name will be Christ Jesus, the son of Mary, held in honour in this world and the Hereafter and of (the company of) those nearest to Allah." - Yusuf Ali translation

 * I personally find the translation here annoying. Since Abdullah Yusuf Ali died in 1953 there was no reason for him to translate the Qur'an into English with the language of King James -- except to make it "sound" more scriptural. This was the same annoying nonsense employed by the Mormon founder Joseph Smith. Danwaggoner (talk) 05:47, 30 August 2009 (UTC)

Native language
I think It would be of great interest if someone knows the native language of Abdullah Yusuf Ali, to include it in the article. --Camahuetos 13:57, 30 October 2006 (UTC)

Date of death
I found the date of death is about 1948 M, 1367 H in Lahore from a pretext of a Quran translation book, but the date in this article is different.--60.52.22.163 20:16, 26 January 2007 (UTC)

Further details
Abdullah Yusuf Ali died on 10th December 1953 in London. For details see his biography 'Searching for Solace' by M A Sherif http://www.salaam.co.uk/bazaar/solace.php

Preface to First Edition, 1934
Can this please be added to wikiquote?
 * Austerlitz -- 88.72.18.125 17:36, 1 July 2007 (UTC)

Photo
It's very beautiful to have a photo. Thank you.
 * Austerlitz -- 88.75.72.6 (talk) 10:15, 26 October 2008 (UTC)

Sunni or Shi'i?
So in my recent edit I added that he is a Shi'i as this is what I read in the main section of the article, but conversly now I have another source saying he is a Sunni(?)

"Of the Sunni translators, only Yusuf Ali and the Zidans retain the Arabic word in this way."

- Robinson, Neal. "Sectarian and ideological bias in Muslim translations of the Qur'an." Islam and Christian‐Muslim Relations 8.3 (1997): 261-278.

,, , , , what do you think?

How many sources are there that lists him as an Shi'i vs Sunni? Which of them should be included in the infobox? Should we include that his denomination is disputed or keep it as Shi'i or what? ParthikS8 (talk) 22:41, 21 April 2021 (UTC)
 * Based on the fact that ADILP (which is a Shia effort) mentions him as Sunni and that The Presidency of Islamic Researches, Saudi Arabia, has published Yusuf Ali translation, (which IMHO will never publish/endorse a Shia translation). I think he may be have born in a Ismaili family, but he definitely was Sunni.-- Fz t c s 09:40, 22 April 2021 (UTC)

 * Interesting, with the current sources I tend to agree - it seems the statement that he is a Dawoodi Bohra is incorrect then and not in the provided source.

 * So the Oxford source states that his father was a Bohra, whilst other sources state that he himself was a Sunni. Intruigingly in his Qur'anic commentary he refers to Hazrat Abu Bakr - something that I do not think any Isma'ili Shi'i would do. At the same time I would prefer if there was some kind of source that explicitly states all this, "His father was a Dawoodi Bohra but he became a Sunni".

 * Right now (if this is what the sources say and other editors aren't aware of anything to the contrary), we could change references to his own religion to Sunni, but this would have to go unexplained in the article as to why his father was a Bohra amd yet his son became a Sunni - we could not state anything meaningful without performing synthesis. The issue here is that an editor in the future may get confused as to why his father was, verifiably, a Bohra and so may decide to change the denomination back. A third source I think would really help here. ParthikS8 (talk) 05:22, 23 April 2021 (UTC)

, My information about him before reading your message was that he was an Indian Shiite translator of the Qur’an and that Sheikh Ahmad Deedat used his translation of the Qur’an and was recommended it (in his time). But now, after doing a quick search about him, I found that his family was Shiite, and converted to Sunni Islam (Source in Arabic).

The source says: In Bombay, India, and to a Shiite family that has converted to the Sunni creed/faith, Abdullah Yusuf Ali was born on April 14, 1872 CE...

Here is another source in English that confirms that he was Sunni: A Shi'ite Encyclopedia. A vast collection of information that addresses Shi'a/Sunni inter-school related issues. An effort of the Ahlul Bayt Digital Islamic Library Project Team.

I also found that there are those who say that he was a Shiite translator: Routledge Encyclopedia of Translation Studies.--TheEagle107 (talk) 07:13, 23 April 2021 (UTC)

 * So it seems the majority are saying that he is a Sunni/his family converted to Sunnism, but others are stating his father was a Dawoodi Bohra and that he too is a Shi'i. Not that we should be doing primary source analysis, but I can't help but notice in all of this how his commentary on the Qur'an contains Sunni views. Now unless we say he was a Zaydi as an explanation for e.g. the Routledge source stating he is a Shi'i translator - which no source to my knowledge states - this works with the sources above that state he is a Sunni.

 * I think I would agree with both editors then that he was a Sunni based off of the majority of sources even from different points of view. Still, I feel this is up for further discussion in the future, especially if other sources are found - with one or two more stating he is a Shi'i I would personally argue for putting his denomination as disputed. But for now I will edit the article to state he is a Sunni based off of the majority of reliable sources.

 * Happy editing, ParthikS8 (talk) 15:22, 23 April 2021 (UTC)

 * , According to the majority of sources, and especially the Arabic source mentioned above, I agree and support that his family was Shiite and converted to the Sunni faith, and based on that, he was born Sunni and was never Shiite!--TheEagle107 (talk) 19:20, 23 April 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Abdullah Yusuf Ali