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Roger Revelle

Roger Randall Dougan Revelle (March 7, 1909 – July 15, 1991) was a scientist and scholar who was instrumental in the formative years of the University of California, San Diego and was among the early scientists to study anthropogenic global warming, as well as the movement of Earth's tectonic plates. UC San Diego's first college is named Revelle College in his honor.

Career
Roger Revelle was born in Seattle to William Roger Revelle and Ella Dougan. He grew up in southern California. After graduating from Pomona College in 1929 with early studies in geology, he earned a PhD in oceanography from the University of California, Berkeley in 1936. While at Cal, he studied under George Louderback and was initiated into Theta Tau Professional Engineering Fraternity, which started as a mining engineering fraternity and maintained a strong affinity for geology and geological engineering students. Much of his early work in oceanography took place at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO) in San Diego. He was also oceanographer for the Navy during WWII. He was director of SIO from 1950 to 1964. He stood against the UC faculty being required to take an anti-communist oath during the Joseph McCarthy period. He served as Science Advisor to Interior Secretary Stewart Udall during the Kennedy Administration in the early 1960s and was president of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (1974).

Growth of oceanography
Revelle was deeply involved in the growth of oceanography in the United States and internationally after World War II. Working for the Navy in the late 1940s, he helped to determine which projects gained funding. He also promoted the idea that the Navy ought to support "basic research" instead of only trying to build new technology. At Scripps he launched several major long-range expeditions in the 1950s, including the MIDPAC, TRANSPAC (with Canada and Japan), EQUAPAC, and NORPAC, each traversing a different part of the Pacific Ocean. He and other scientists at Scripps Institution of Oceanography helped the U.S. government to plan nuclear weapons tests, in the hope that oceanographers might make use of the data. Revelle was one of the committee chairmen in the influential National Academy of Sciences studies of the biological effects of atomic radiation (BEAR), the results of which were published in 1956. In 1952, along with Dr. Seibert Q. Duntley, he successfully moved the MIT Visibility Lab to SIO with financial support of the U.S. Navy. Along with oceanographers at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Revelle planned the American contributions to the oceanographic program of the International Geophysical Year (IGY). He became the first president of the Scientific Committee on Oceanic Research, an international group of scientists devoted to advising on international projects, and was a frequent adviser to the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, created in 1960.

Global warming
Revelle was instrumental in creating the International Geophysical Year (IGY) in 1958 and was founding chairman of the first Committee on Climate Change and the Ocean (CCCO) under the Scientific Committee on Ocean Research (SCOR) and the International Oceanic Commission (IOC). During planning for the IGY, under Revelle's directorship, SIO participated in and later became the principal center for the Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Program. In July 1956, Charles David Keeling joined the SIO staff to head the program and began measurements of atmospheric carbon dioxide at the Mauna Loa Observatory on Mauna Loa, Hawaii, and in Antarctica.

Hans Suess was recruited by Revelle, and they co-authored a 1957 article using carbon-14 isotope levels to assess the rate at which carbon dioxide added by fossil fuel combustion since the start of the industrial revolution had accumulated in the atmosphere. They concluded that most of it had been absorbed by the Earth's oceans, contrary to the assumption made by early geoscientists (Chamberlin, Arhenius and Callendar) that it would simply accumulate in the upper atmosphere to "lower the mean level of back radiation in the infrared and thereby increase the average temperature near the Earth's surface". There had been little sign to date of this greenhouse effect causing the anticipated warming, but the Suess–Revelle article suggested that increasing human gas emissions might change this. They said that "human beings are now carrying out a large scale geophysical experiment of a kind that could not have happened in the past nor be reproduced in the future".

Revelle told journalists about the issues and testified to Congress that "The Earth itself is a space ship", endangered by rising seas and desertification. A November 1957 report in The Hammond Times described his research as suggesting that "a large scale global warming, with radical climate changes may result" – the first use of the term global warming. A biographer of Suess later said that, although other articles in the same journal discussed carbon-dioxide levels, the Suess–Revelle article was "the only one of the three to stress the growing quantity of contributed by our burning of fossil fuel, and to call attention to the fact that it might cause global warming over time".

Revelle and Suess described the "buffer factor", now known as the "Revelle factor", which is a resistance to atmospheric carbon dioxide being absorbed by the ocean surface layer posed by bicarbonate chemistry. Essentially, in order to enter the ocean, carbon dioxide gas has to partition into one of the components of carbonic acid: carbonate ion, bicarbonate ion, or protonated carbonic acid, and the product of these many chemical dissociation constants factors into a kind of back-pressure that limits how fast the carbon dioxide can enter the surface ocean. Geology, geochemistry, atmospheric chemistry, ocean chemistry ... this amounted to one of the earliest examples of "integrated assessment", which 50 years later became an entire branch of global-warming science.

In the November 1982 Scientific American Letters to the Editors, Revelle stated: "We must conclude that until a warming trend that exceeds the noise level of natural climatic fluctuations becomes clearly evident, there will be considerable uncertainty and a diversity of opinions about the amplitude of the climatic effects of increased atmospheric CO2. If the modelers are correct, such a signal should be detectable within the next 10 or 15 years."

UC San Diego
During the late 1950s, Revelle fought for the establishment of a University of California campus in San Diego. He had to contend with the UC Board of Regents, who would have preferred merely to expand the University of California, Los Angeles campus rather than create an entirely new campus in San Diego. He also came into conflict with San Diego politicians and businessmen who believed that the campus should be established closer to downtown, such as near San Diego State University or in Balboa Park. The decision to build the campus at La Jolla was made in 1959, and the first graduate students were enrolled in 1960, followed by the first undergraduates in 1964.

Revelle's struggle to acquire land for the new campus put him in competition with Jonas Salk, and Revelle lost some of what he called the "best piece of land we had" on UCSD's eventual Torrey Pines site to the fledgling Salk Institute. In later years Revelle continued to show some animosity toward Salk, once saying: "He is a folk hero, even though he is... not very bright."

When at Scripps and while building UCSD, Revelle also had to deal with a La Jolla community that refused to rent or sell property to Jews. In addition to battling the anti-semitic restrictive covenants of La Jolla real estate, Revelle helped found a new housing subdivision for Scripps professors, partially because some of them would not have been allowed to live in La Jolla.

Revelle's tactless approaches to these public battles earned him many enemies, who portrayed him to the Board of Regents as too "disorganized" to effectively lead UCSD. UC President Clark Kerr realized that Revelle was not a viable candidate to serve as the first chancellor of the new campus, and delivered the news to a "heartbroken" Revelle. In his memoirs, Kerr paraphrased Revelle's response: "He spoke of how he had walked the site of the prospective campus on moonlit nights visualizing what one day might rise there in all its splendor. I shared a few very sad moments with him." Instead of Revelle, Herbert York became the first chancellor of UCSD.

Revelle left Scripps in 1963 and founded the (now defunct) Center for Population Studies at Harvard University. In his over ten years there as its Director, he focused upon the application of science and technology to the problem of world hunger. In 1976 he returned to UC San Diego as Professor of Science, Technology and Public Affairs (STPA) in the school's political science department.

Views on climate change distorted
In 1991, Revelle's name appeared as co-author on an article written by physicist S. Fred Singer and electrical engineer Chauncey Starr for the publication Cosmos: A Journal of Emerging Issues, titled "What to do about greenhouse warming: Look before you leap", which was published in the summer of 1992. The Cosmos article included the statement that "Drastic, precipitous—and, especially, unilateral—steps to delay the putative greenhouse impacts can cost jobs and prosperity and increase the human costs of global poverty, without being effective. Stringent economic controls now would be economically devastating particularly for developing countries...". The article concluded: "The scientific base for a greenhouse warming is too uncertain to justify drastic action at this time. There is little risk in delaying policy responses."

These particular statements and the bulk of the article, including the title, had been written and published a year earlier by S. Fred Singer as sole author. Singer's article stated that "there is every expectation that scientific understanding will be substantially improved within the next decade" and advocated against drastic and "hastily-conceived" action at the time without further scientific evidence. It does not, however, deny climate change or global warming.

Justin Lancaster, Revelle's graduate student and teaching assistant at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography from 1981 until Revelle's death, says that Revelle was "hoodwinked" by Singer into adding his name to the article and that Revelle was "intensely embarrassed that his name was associated" with it. In 1992, Lancaster charged that Singer's actions were "unethical" and specifically designed to undercut then–Senator Al Gore's global warming policy stance; however, to end a lawsuit brought by Singer against Lancaster with support of the Center for Public Interest in Washington, D.C., Lancaster gave Singer a statement of apology, but refused to agree that anything he said was false. In 2006, prompted by Robert Balling and others continuing to state that Revelle actually wrote the article, Lancaster formally withdrew his retraction and reiterated his charges.

When Gore was running for the vice-presidential nomination in 1992, The New Republic picked up on the contrast between the references to Revelle in Gore's book Earth in the Balance and the views in the Cosmos article that could now be attributed to Revelle. This was followed up by Newsweek and elsewhere in the media. Patrick Michaels boasted that the Cosmos article had been read into the Congressional Record. The issue was even raised by Admiral James Stockdale in the televised vice-presidential debate. Gore's response was to protest that Revelle's views in the article had been taken out of context.

Roger's daughter, Carolyn Revelle, wrote: Contrary to George Will's "Al Gore's Green Guilt", Roger Revelle—our father and the "father" of the greenhouse effect—remained deeply concerned about global warming until his death in July 1991. That same year he wrote: "The scientific base for a greenhouse warming is too uncertain to justify drastic action at this time." Will and other critics of Sen. Al Gore have seized these words to suggest that Revelle, who was also Gore's professor and mentor, renounced his belief in global warming. Nothing could be further from the truth. When Revelle inveighed against "drastic" action, he was using that adjective in its literal sense—measures that would cost trillions of dollars. Up until his death, he thought that extreme measures were premature. But he continued to recommend immediate prudent steps to mitigate and delay climatic warming. Some of those steps go well beyond anything Gore or other national politicians have yet to advocate. [...] Revelle proposed a range of approaches to address global warming. Inaction was not one of them. He agreed with the adage "look before you leap", but he never said "sit on your hands".

Legacy
During his last decade at UCSD and SIO, Revelle continued to work and teach. In the early 1980s, he taught undergraduate STPA seminars twice a year, in Energy and Development (mainly on problems in Africa), the Carbon Dioxide Problem (known now as the Global Warming problem), and Marine Policy. In 1986 he won the Balzan Prize for Oceanography/Climatology. A 1990 heart attack forced him to move his course to the Scripps Institution from the Revelle College provost's office, where he continued to teach the Marine Policy program until his death the following year. In 1991, he was awarded the National Medal of Science by President George H. W. Bush (one of about 500 recipients in the 20th century). He remarked to a reporter: "I got it for being the grandfather of the greenhouse effect."

Revelle died in San Diego on July 15, 1991, from complications of cardiac arrest. He was survived by his wife, Ellen Clark Revelle (1910–2009), three daughters, Anne Shumway, Mary Paci, and Carolyn Revelle, and one son, William, as well as numerous grandchildren.

In his honor, a new research vessel at the Scripps Institution was named R/V Roger Revelle. Also, the Ocean Studies Board of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine created the Roger Revelle Commemorative Lecture series in memory of Revelle in 1999, featuring distinguished speakers on the themes of ocean science and public policy. Since 1992, the American Geophysical Union has annually awarded a prize in his honor, the Roger Revelle Medal, for outstanding contributions in atmospheric sciences.

Awards and honors

 * Elected to the United States National Academy of Sciences (1957)
 * Elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (1958)
 * Elected to the American Philosophical Society (1960)
 * Alexander Agassiz Medal (1963)
 * William Bowie Medal (1968)
 * Tyler Prize for Environmental Achievement (1984)
 * Vannevar Bush Award (1984)
 * Golden Plate Award of the American Academy of Achievement (1985)
 * National Medal of Science (1990)

title: Roger Revelle


text:
Talk:Animal Crossing: Wild World

April 2011 Article Rewrite
I am currently in the process of rewriting this article. I have removed 90% of the original content, virtually none of which is relevant to the average reader. I will expand the Game play section to summarize AC gameplay, and briefly illustrate the upgrades/additions from AC. I will also try to expand Reception in general and supply references for most, if not all the review scores. Hopefully I can get this done by tomorrow. --ThomasO1989 (talk) 04:34, 30 April 2011 (UTC)
 * Awesome job! I think the article definitely qualifies as C-class now. Blake (Talk·Edits) 17:29, 2 May 2011 (UTC)

This actually makes sense to me who owns the game now. It really helps me with stuff in my town in my eyes you did a good job so thank you very much! Also if I do find anything wrong I will change it for you. Lavinder111 (talk) 11:48, 8 March 2015 (UTC)

Name's Wrong.
If Animal Crossing: Population: Growing is wrong for the original, then Animal Crossing: Wild World is also wrong, because they BOTH (as well as Animal Crossing: City Folk, and Animal Crossing: New Leaf) all have subtitles.2602:304:CFD3:2EE0:CCD4:AF14:1495:DCE8 (talk) 04:17, 27 August 2014 (UTC)
 * Like I stated at Talk:Animal Crossing (video game), your argument ("it's on the box art") is based on original research. All reliable sources identify all other AC games as such with the given subtitles, while no reliable sources identify the GameCube game as "Animal Crossing: Population: Growing." --ThomasO1989 (talk) 16:18, 28 August 2014 (UTC)

Well I agree the name is totally right man!Lavinder111 (talk) 18:39, 17 March 2015 (UTC)

Literal translation
Whoever's changing the literal translation of "森" to "Crossing" needs to stop. Japanese is not affected by some company who may call its localization a different name, the literal translation of "mori" is "forest", that will never change no matter what Nintendo says!146.163.92.38 (talk) 21:40, 13 July 2016 (UTC)

External links modified
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Animal Crossing Portable listed at Redirects for discussion
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license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Animal Crossing: Wild World


text:
TrackMania Sunrise

TrackMania Sunrise is a racing video game developed by Nadeo and published by Focus Home Interactive. The second game in the TrackMania series, it was released in April 2005 in Europe and May 2005 in Russia and the United States. It received positive reviews from critics, who called it an improvement on its predecessor.

Gameplay
The game features more realistic graphics and contains three environments: Island, Bay, and Coast. As in the original game, each has a unique car to fit the environment's characteristics. "Island" features fast sports cars which can turn sharply on mostly wide roads while "Bay" has bouncy cars with less traction, making accidental oversteering more likely. "Coast" features slower cars with little traction and small roads where cars are able to drift through corners. The game was built on an overhauled engine for better visuals and Internet connectivity with tracks that include skinnable advertisement panels. This version also features two new gameplay modes:

 * Platform gives players a start and finish point with mandatory checkpoints and restart points in between. The objective is to finish the race while restarting as few times as possible. Many of these races have jumps and other features that make it difficult to stay on the track.
 * Crazy returns to the race course, but this time pits the player against ghosts, each of which has a faster time than the last. Players must score a faster time than each ghost but at the same time not exceed an overall time limit.

Some of TrackMania Sunrise other enhancements were later added to the Original edition of the game. These include the ability to import new car models and customize many more aspects of the game. "Sunrise" features improved Internet connectivity and implements a peer-to-peer system allowing players to share car models, skins, and more. The new track editor primarily uses the mouse as opposed to the keyboard-driven original, and makes possible special effects like displaying text and changing the camera angle using Media Tracker.

Reception
The game has an aggregate score of 82/100 on Metacritic.

TrackMania Sunrise eXtreme
A free expansion pack called eXtreme was released later while the game was also repackaged as TrackMania Sunrise eXtreme, which added multiple elements to enhance the speed and number of stunts in the game. The new "stunt mode" lets players obtain points by performing stunts, such as spinning the car around in mid air and doing flips. After the expiry of a set amount of time, points earned are quickly drained, so players must try to finish with the best score before the time expires.

Mini TrackMania
Mini TrackMania is a simple, online, Macromedia Flash game developed by Inbox Digital to promote TrackMania Sunrise. The game is played with a side on, 2D perspective, and has only one track featuring jumps and a nitrous boost on both sides of the road against a backdrop featuring some islands. Only the keyboard's left and right arrow keys are used to play the game, which are assigned to "brake" and "accelerate" respectively.

The object of the game is to score as many points as possible by jumping off a series of ramps without crashing the car on landing or failing to clear the gap. The key to successfully clearing the ramps is to keep the car's speed within the two indicated points on the car's speedometer, which move closer to each other after every jump.

title: TrackMania Sunrise


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Catalectic

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was move to Wiktionary. humblefool®Deletion Reform 20:31, 5 August 2005 (UTC)

Catalectic
Dictdef. Won't ever be an article. Tempshill 23:14, 23 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete--DNicholls 23:16, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Move to Wiktionary. Harro5 23:33, July 23, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete dicdef. JamesBurns 04:46, 26 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Move to Wiktionary. Not enough info for an article. Tygertyger 17:28, July 27, 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
User:Someonesmask

Overview
someonesmask is a user of wikipedia.

title: User:Someonesmask


text:
Relm

Relm may refer to:

 * Mike Relm (born 1978), also known as DJ Relm, a turntablist
 * Relm Foundation, a charitable organization formerly part of the William Volker Fund

Fictional characters:

 * Relm Arrowny, a character in the Final Fantasy VI video game
 * Jake Relm, a character played by Nicholas Brendon in the Scifi Channel film Fire Serpent

title: Relm


text:
User:Waddey

Waddey/Ibrahim

title: User:Waddey


text: User talk:65.33.145.254

title: User talk:65.33.145.254


text:
Talk:Coal producing regions

Drepanopulos:There is no Alsace-Lorraine region in France:Alsace and Lorraine are distinct regions.Of the two,only Lorraine was a significant coal producer,the last producing region remaining in France,but coal mining was definitively shut down there in 2005, as planned many years ago. HUH?

Percentages
Where did we get that 8% of world reserves number for Australia? The Canadian reference claims slightly more coal (78 billion tonnes to 76 billion tonnes), but says it is only 1% of world reserves. --Llewdor 22:01, 7 February 2006 (UTC)

Cleanup
This article needs more information and reformatting, perhaps referenced from the country articles or from other coal articles.  ekrub-ntyh    talk 16:26, 22 July 2006 (UTC)

title: Talk:Coal producing regions


text: Category:Chemical nomenclature

title: Category:Chemical nomenclature


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Alcaic stanza

The Alcaic stanza is a Greek lyrical meter, an Aeolic verse form traditionally believed to have been invented by Alcaeus, a lyric poet from Mytilene on the island of Lesbos, about 600 BC. The Alcaic stanza and the Sapphic stanza named for Alcaeus' contemporary, Sappho, are two important forms of Classical poetry. The Alcaic stanza consists of two Alcaic hendecasyllables, followed by an Alcaic enneasyllable and an Alcaic decasyllable.

In Alcaeus' poetry
The Alcaic stanza exists only in a few fragments of Alcaeus's poetry. As used by Alcaeus it has the following scheme (where "–" is a longum, "u" a breve, and "×" an anceps): × – u – × – u u – u – || (alc11) × – u – × – u u – u – || (alc11) × – u – × – u – – ||    (alc9 ) – u u – u u – u – – ||| (alc10)

An example, quoted by Athenaeus, is:

 * οὐ χρῆ κάκοισι θῦμον ἐπιτρέπην,
 * προκόψομεν γὰρ οὐδὲν ἀσάμενοι,
 * ὦ Βύκχι, φαρμάκων δ᾿ ἄριστον
 * οἶνον ἐνεικαμένοις μεθύσθην.

 * 'We should not surrender our hearts to our troubles,
 * for we shall make no headway by grieving,
 * Bycchis: the best of remedies
 * is to bring wine and get drunk.'

In Latin poetry
Apart from a single poem of Statius (Silv. 4.5), the Alcaic stanza appears to have been used in Latin only by Horace, who employed it in 37 of his 103 Odes.

In Horace the Alcaic stanza takes this form:

x – u – – : – u u – u – x – u – – : – u u – u – x – u – – – u – – – u u – u u – u – –

(An "–" denotes a long syllable, "u" a short one, x is anceps (long or short), and ":" is the caesura.) The first syllable in lines 1 to 3 is sometimes short (13 times in book 1), but usually long. The 5th syllable, unlike in Greek, is always long. There is almost always a word-break after the 5th syllable.

–   –   u – : –  – u u   – u – Antehāc nefās dēprōmere Caecubum – –  u – –  : –   u u – u– cellīs avītīs, dum Capitōliō – – u – –  –   u– – Rēgīna dēmentīs ruīnās – u u  –  u u–  u – – fūnus et Imperiō parābat. (Odes 1.37, lines 5-8)

 * 'Before this it would have been a sin to bring out the Caecuban
 * from our grandfathers' cellars, as long as the Queen
 * was preparing mad ruin for the Capitol
 * and a funeral for the Empire.'

Certain developments can be observed in the Alcaic stanza over the course of the four books of Horace's Odes. For example, the short syllable at the beginning of the first three lines becomes less frequent in the course of books 1 to 3 and is not found at all in Book 4.

A notable feature of Horace's Alcaics is the heavy word which usually fills the centre of the 3rd line. The most common pattern is for the line to end with a polysyllable + trisyllable (e.g. Augustus adiectīs Britannīs). This puts a word accent on the 5th syllable of the line, which occurs in 67% of the lines. Another form of the line is to end in a polysyllable + disyllable (e.g. Tītānas immānemque turbam). This puts an accent on the 6th syllable of the line. It is uncommon at first (only 5% in book 1 and 6% in book 2) but becomes more common in the later books (25% in book 3 and 30% in book 4).

A tetrasyllable ending in the 3rd line (e.g. nōdō coercēs vīperīnō) or double disyllable ending (e.g. prōnōs relābī posse rīvōs), on the other hand, putting an accent on the 4th syllable of the line, is not common: only 7% in book 1, 8% in book 2; and not found at all in books 3 and 4. But 3rd lines ending with a monosyllable + trisyllable (e.g. stetēre causae cūr perīrent) seem more acceptable, and form 20% of lines in book 1, 15% in book 2, 7% in book 3, and 11% in book 4.

Imitations in other languages
A famous example of English Alcaics is Tennyson's "Milton":

 O mighty-mouth'd inventor of harmonies, O skill'd to sing of Time or Eternity, God-gifted organ-voice of England, Milton, a name to resound for ages!

The Alcaic stanza was adapted to use in English and French during the Renaissance. It was very frequently used in Italian poetry of the 19th century, especially by Giosuè Carducci. As in English, the meter is accentual rather than quantitative.

 Poi che un sereno vapor d’ambrosia da la tua còppa diffuso avvolsemi, o Ebe con passo di dea trasvolata sorridendo via;
 * (Giosuè Carducci, "Ideale", from: Odi barbare)

In Polish poetry (in contrast to the Sapphic stanza which was extremely popular since the 16th century) Alcaics were used very rarely. Even in translation Horace's Alcaic stanzas were usually turned into different forms. An example (perhaps the only) of an Alcaic stanza in Polish original literature is Stanisław Trembecki's Ode to Adam Naruszewicz:

 O ty, kapłanie Delijskiego świętny, Przeszłego wiadom, przyszłości pojętny Wieńcz twe skronie, wieszczą bierz laskę, Śnieżny ubiór i złotą przepaskę.

Trembecki's verse is syllabic (11/11/9/10). There is no accentual metrical pattern.

German has also used alcaics with some success. They were introduced by Klopstock, and used by Hölderlin, by Johann Heinrich Voss in his translations of Horace, by August Kopisch and other 19th century German poets.

title: Alcaic stanza


text:
Anne Mroczkowski

Anne Mroczkowski (born July 16, 1953) is a Canadian TV reporter and news anchor. She is the former co-anchor of Global News Hour, along with Leslie Roberts, a job she started on June 1, 2010. Roberts announced Mroczkowski's departure on-air on August 13, 2013. Previously, she was the longtime co-anchor of CityPulse on Citytv in Toronto.

Biography
Born in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada to a Polish and Slovak immigrant family, Mroczkowski was raised in Toronto. Divorced from her husband in 2006, she lives in Bloor West Village.

She began her career at the Global Television Network, then moving on to Citytv's CityNews (formerly CityPulse) newscast in Toronto, Ontario. She was the senior co-anchor of CityNews at Six, with Gord Martineau, from 1987 until she was let go on January 18, 2010 in a round of staff cutbacks.

On August 13, 2013, co-anchor Leslie Roberts announced on air that Anne would not be returning to the anchor desk after her vacation, and wished her the best in her future endeavours.

Since leaving the news business, Mroczkowski is now a media consultant and occasional actor.

title: Anne Mroczkowski


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Kenneth Evoy

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was: Speedily deleted

Kenneth Evoy
The page provides no useful information and should be deleted. It is clearly a vanity piece.

''I speedied it. Redwolf24 (Talk) 23:25, 23 July 2005 (UTC)''

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Talk:Law of the instrument

There's an oft-reposted piece on how some frameworks fit this anti-pattern.

https://gwern.net/doc/cs/2005-09-30-smith-whyihateframeworks.html Smokeypanda (talk) 02:56, 24 June 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Law of the instrument


text:
Lawlessness

Lawlessness is a lack of law, in any of the various senses of that word. Lawlessness may describe various conditions.

In society
Anomie is a breakdown of social bonds between an individual and their community, in which individuals do not feel bound by the moral strictures of society. The term was popularized by French sociologist Émile Durkheim in his influential 1897 book Suicide.

Anarchy (meaning "without leadership") is a condition in which a person or group of people reject societal hierarchies, laws, and other institutions. It often entails the dissolution of government.

Anarchism is a political philosophy that advocates self-governed societies based on voluntary institutions.

Civil disorder, or civil unrest, refers to public disturbances generally involving groups of people, and resulting in danger or damage to persons or property. Civil disorder is a breakdown of civil society, and may be a form of protest. It may take various forms, such as illegal parades, sit-ins, riots, sabotage, and other forms of crime.

In nature
Randomness is the lack of pattern or predictability in events.

In religion
Antinomianism, in Christianity, is a theological position which takes the principle of salvation by faith and divine grace to the point of asserting that the saved are not bound to follow the Law of Moses.

title: Lawlessness


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Chupe

Chupe is a generic term used in South America to a variety of stew generally made with chicken, red meat, lamb or beef tripe and other offal, or with fish, shrimp, crayfish or shellfish such as loco, and vegetables, potatoes or yuca.

Chupe de camarones (made with crayfish) is generally popular among the Southern coastal region of Peru (originally from Arequipa). Although the original recipe calls for crayfish, shrimp chupe has become more widely eaten, as fresh or frozen shrimp become more common. The preparation consists of cooking potatoes and onions in butter, then adding various spices, such as chilli powder. Then, water, tomatoes, and sometimes chicken broth are added. Before serving the broth, it is mixed with milk or cream.

Chupe is typical of South American cuisine, but more specifically to the cuisines of Bolivia, Chile and Peru. The city of Arequipa in Peru has a traditional sequence of chupes that are served on specific days of the week. On Fridays, the chupe is meatless because of the religious traditions of the country.

title: Chupe


text: User:Derek.cashman

title: User:Derek.cashman


text: User talk:81.203.43.153

title: User talk:81.203.43.153


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Shirley's World

Shirley's World is a television series aired first by ABC during the 1971–72 television season. The sitcom was co-produced by the British ITC Entertainment and American producer Sheldon Leonard, with English producer-director Ray Austin; it starred Shirley MacLaine as a photojournalist and John Gregson as her editor at World Illustrated magazine.

Immediately after the ABC broadcasts ended, the seventeen-episode series was aired in its entirety on ITV in the United Kingdom.

Cast and characters

 * Shirley MacLaine as Shirley Logan
 * John Gregson as Dennis Croft

Episode list
Filmed on location and at Pinewood Studios England

Production # is the order of the Network DVD.

title: Shirley's World


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Colin Graham

Colin Graham OBE (22 September 1931 in Hove, England – 6 April 2007 in St. Louis, Missouri) was a stage director of opera, theatre, and television. Graham was educated at Northaw School (Hertfordshire), Stowe School and RADA. Early in his career, he began a long association with Benjamin Britten, for whom he directed all but one of the composer's stage works, including all of the world premieres after 1954. He became associated with the English Opera Group in 1953. In the 1950s, he also worked for the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden in London and later at Glyndebourne and at the English National Opera in the 1970s. In the late 1950s and early 1960s, Graham was associated with several recordings of Gilbert and Sullivan operas conducted by Sir Malcolm Sargent with the Glyndebourne Festival Chorus and principals including George Baker. He enhanced these recordings with movement for the performers that makes the recordings sound more like a live staged performance.

Graham made his American debut as a stage director at Santa Fe Opera in 1974 with his staging of Britten's Owen Wingrave. In 1978, Graham started his long association with the Opera Theatre of Saint Louis (OTSL) when he became its Director of Productions. In 1985, he became OTSL's Artistic Director, a position he kept until his death twenty-two years later. Also in 1985, Jōruri had its global premiere at OTSL. The opera was a collaboration with Minoru Miki.

Graham directed the world premieres of John Corigliano's opera, The Ghosts of Versailles, for the Metropolitan Opera; The Dangerous Liaisons and André Previn's A Streetcar Named Desire for San Francisco Opera; The Song of Majnun for Lyric Opera of Chicago; and a series of three operas by Miki Minoru. In addition, he directed productions for the Santa Fe Opera, notably Bright Sheng's Madame Mao in 2003, continuing his association with general director Richard Gaddes, which had begun during the latter's tenure at OTSL. Collectively, he directed 55 world premieres of operas.

Graham also wrote libretti for several operas, including:
 * Benjamin Britten, The Golden Vanity
 * Richard Rodney Bennett, Penny for a Song
 * Stephen Paulus, The Postman Always Rings Twice, 1982
 * Minoru Miki, Jōruri
 * Minoru Miki, The Tale of Genji, 1999
 * Bright Sheng, Madame Mao, 2003
 * David Carlson, Anna Karenina, 2007

In the US, Graham studied theology and became a minister in 1987, and ultimately took US citizenship. He received the Order of the British Empire in 2002. At the time of his death, Graham was at work on the premiere production of Anna Karenina for Florida Grand Opera and OTSL. He left no survivors.

title: Colin Graham


text:
Carlos López Puccio

Carlos Alberto Daniel López Puccio (born 9 October 1946 in Rosario, Argentina) is an Argentinian multi-instrumentalist, orchestral and choral conductor, composer, arranger and one of the current members of Les Luthiers.

After graduating from orchestral conducting in La Plata, he was hired by Les Luthiers to play the fiddlecan (a violin made of tuna can), and famously learnt the repertoire in two days (around 1970). For the next season, he started a songwriting partnership with Jorge Maronna, and they penned 'Pieza en Forma de Tango'; he also composed 'Voglio Entrare Per la Finestra' (with libretto by Marcos Mundstock) and around June 1971 he was invited to be a group member rather than a paid collaborator.

During the first years in Les Luthiers, López-Puccio played other instruments such as cello, viola and percussion, and he often provided backing vocals. He also composed all the music for many pieces for the group, including 'Concierto de Mpkstroff' (which features group-mate Carlos Núñez Cortés as soloist) and 'Brotan und Gretchen'. He slowly gained notoriety scripting jokes for his groupmates as well as occasional song lyrics.

From 1979 onwards he also played piano, synthesiser and harmonica for several musical pieces, especially since Ernesto Acher left the group, and they started including electronic keyboards more often. He also became more and more involved as an actor, having several starring parts from the 80's onwards.

Compositions for Les Luthiers

 * Bolero de Mastropiero (with Maronna).
 * Cantata del adelantado Don Rodrigo Díaz de Carreras (with Ernesto Acher and Jorge Maronna).
 * Concierto de Mpkstroff (with some input from Núñez).
 * Marcha de la conquista (with Maronna & Acher).
 * Pieza en Forma de Tango (with Maronna).
 * Serenata Mariachi (with Maronna & Mundstock).
 * Si no fuera santiagueño (with Acher, Mundstock & Maronna).
 * Voglio entrare per la finestra (music).

Performances

 * Backing Vocals:
 * Añoralgias (post-1986 versions)
 * Bolero de los celos
 * Bolero de Mastropiero
 * Cantata del adelantado Don Rodrigo Díaz de Carreras
 * Cartas de color
 * Educación sexual moderna
 * El explicado
 * El negro quiere bailar
 * Fuga en Si-beria
 * La gallina dijo eureka
 * La hija de Escipión
 * La tanda
 * La vida es hermosa
 * Lazy Daisy
 * Marcha de la conquista
 * Oi Gadóñaya
 * Romance del joven conde, la sirena y el pájaro cucú. Y la oveja
 * San Ictícola de los peces
 * Si no fuera santiagueño
 * Somos adolescentes mi pequeña
 * Teorema de Thales
 * Visita a la universidad de Wildstone
 * Bass guitar:
 * Bolero de los celos
 * Cantata del adelantado Don Rodrigo Díaz de Carreras
 * Perdónala
 * Contraguitarrone da gamba (hybrid of viola and acoustic guitar):
 * Bolero de Mastropiero (1971 version)
 * drums:
 * Cartas de color
 * Manuel Darío
 * Miss Lilly Higgins sings shimmy in Mississippi's spring (Shimmy)
 * Pepper Clemens sent the messenger: nevertheless the reverend left the herd (Ten step) (original versions)
 * Harmonica:
 * Balada del séptimo regimiento
 * Cartas de color
 * Lo que el sheriff se contó
 * Manuel Darío
 * Sólo necesitamos
 * Harmonium:
 * La tanda
 * Kazoo:
 * Concierto de Mpkstroff
 * El asesino misterioso
 * Marcha de la conquista
 * San Ictícola de los peces
 * Latín (violin made of a tin can):
 * Canción para moverse
 * Concierto de Mpkstroff (non-symphonic versions)
 * Cuarteto op. 44
 * El beso de Ariadna
 * Encuentro en el restaurante
 * Enteteniciencia familiar
 * Iniciación a las artes marciales
 * La bella y graciosa moza
 * La hora de la nostalgia
 * La vida es hermosa
 * Para Elisabeth
 * Pepper Clemens sent the messenger: nevertheless the reverend left the herd (Ten step) (post-Acher versions)
 * Pieza en forma de tango
 * Serenata medio oriental
 * Serenata tímida
 * Sinfonia interrumpida
 * Sonatas para latín y piano
 * Una canción regia
 * Vea esta noche
 * Visita a la universidad de Wildstone
 * Bombo legüero:
 * El regreso del indio
 * El valor de la unidad
 * Latin Percussion:
 * Cantata del adelantado Don Rodrigo Díaz de Carreras
 * Lead Vocals:
 * Bolero de los celos (one verse)
 * Educación sexual moderna (one verse)
 * El poeta y el eco (with Jorge Maronna)
 * El regreso del indio (ending)
 * El valor de la unidad (part)
 * La vida es hermosa (part)
 * Los jóvenes de hoy en día (with Jorge Maronna)
 * Sólo necesitamos (with Jorge Maronna)
 * Una canción regia (with Jorge Maronna)
 * Maracas:
 * Cartas de color
 * La redención del vampiro
 * Piano:
 * Cantata del adelantado Don Rodrigo Díaz de Carreras (post-Acher versions)
 * La campana suonerà
 * Las majas del bergantín ('81 and '86 versions)
 * Pepper Clemens sent the messenger: nevertheless the reverend left the herd (Ten step) (post-Acher versions)
 * Special Effects:
 * El asesino misterioso (shoe-steps, screams)
 * Synthesizer:
 * A la playa con Mariana
 * Daniel y el Señor
 * El sendero de Warren Sánchez
 * Fly Airways
 * Fronteras de la ciencia
 * Homenaje a Huesito Williams
 * La hija de Escipión
 * La hora de la nostalgia
 * Serenata intimidatoria
 * Triangle:
 * El asesino misterioso
 * Viola:
 * La princesa caprichosa

title: Carlos López Puccio


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Anagoge

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was transwiki. --Tony Sidaway Talk 13:11, 5 August 2005 (UTC)

Anagoge
dictdef Tempshill 23:24, 23 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete --DNicholls 23:36, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Move to Wiktionary. Harro5 23:45, July 23, 2005 (UTC)
 *  . humblefool® 23:52, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * wiktionary Renata3 10:36, 24 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete dicdef. JamesBurns 04:45, 26 July 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Anagoge


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Talk:Dietary supplement

Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
This article was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment, between 7 June 2021 and 27 August 2021. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): A. Ng, Future UCSF PharmD, AlecGBarajas, Achang6, Agkobi.

Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT (talk) 20:03, 17 January 2022 (UTC)

Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
This article is or was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): Bobbyybbob.

Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT (talk) 19:28, 16 January 2022 (UTC)

needs a lot more studies
This page should link to many large, long-term, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind studies of the effects (or lack of effect) of specific commercially available dietary supplements on objective measures of intelligence, strength, endurance, and disease. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Jwr42 (talk • contribs)
 * Having worked in this field for most of my career, I can say that the human trials you want for links rarely exist. Individual ingredient or supplement companies cannot afford large trials, one reason being no exclusivity because no patents. For a subset of supplements a government may decide to conduct a large trial. These can end badly. SELECT looked at vitamin E and/or selenium because epidemiology and small trials were promising for prevention of prostate cancer. And then the trial was ended early, because early results indicated no benefit and possible harm.David notMD (talk) 00:50, 16 March 2017 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 31 December 2014
Requesting the 'Adverse effects' section be re-worded and expanded. The single citation is itself rather inflammatory, and the section doesn't clarify exact numbers of use-to-harm cases, nor in what countries (of course, neither does its citation).

Nobody's arguing dietary supplements aren't without risk, but clarification should be made here, as the section is a stub and showing bias.

Also, the article almost entirely covers "fat burning" weight-loss supplements, while the stub makes this seem as if it cites study on more common supplements like multi-vitamins, etc.

I understand this is a semi-protected page due to vandalism, but that means all the more emphasis needs to be made on thorough, un-bias research, and as little single-sided commentary as possible.

An otter (talk) 18:07, 31 December 2014 (UTC)
 * Red question icon with gradient background.svg Not done: it's not clear what changes you want to be made. Please mention the specific changes in a "change X to Y" format. — {{U|Technical 13}} (e • t • c) 23:10, 31 December 2014 (UTC)

"Most supplements should be avoided, and usually people should not eat micronutrients except people with clearly shown deficiency.[4]"

Wonderful! Citing an editorial and passing off an opinion as though it were established fact! Wikipedia marches on! ;-) — Preceding unsigned comment added by 50.141.12.130 (talk) 14:07, 27 September 2015 (UTC)

Paragraph 5 is an opinion and should be removed
The fifth paragraph (copied below) is an opinion of one person, perhaps based on one individual article. Further, "Should be avoided..." cannot be drawn from that one article: the only thing the article stated was that, according to that one person, supplements are unnecessary. That is very different in meaning than "should be avoided." There are countless other studies which support the use of vitamin supplements, which far outweigh one paper.

"Most supplements should be avoided, and usually people should not eat micronutrients except people with clearly shown deficiency.[4] Those people should first consult a doctor.[5] An exception is vitamin D, which is recommended in Nordic countries[6] due to weak sunlight." — Preceding unsigned comment added by Brlteach (talk • contribs) 13:58, 15 September 2016 (UTC)
 * No it summarizes the body, where the content is well sourced. Jytdog (talk) 18:49, 15 September 2016 (UTC)

Text about UK FSA recommending iron and folic acid sometimes
I removed this text from the multivitamin page. Just dropping it here in case anyone thinks it could be useful in this article:

"The United Kingdom Food Standards Agency recommended in 2007 that pregnant women should take extra folic acid and iron and that older people might need extra vitamin D and iron. However, these recommendations also advised that "vitamin and mineral supplements are not a replacement for good eating habits." "

. Great floors (talk) 16:43, 7 December 2016 (UTC)

External links modified
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Clear bias in the article
Much of this page is pro-medicine and anti-supplement with almost no links to any studies that have been conducted. Most of the sources are basically just "doctor's say: don't self-medicate"

Compare this to the information given on the pages of specific supplements, where research is linked as well as pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 49.188.5.115 (talk) 00:12, 30 January 2017 (UTC)

 * Can you give specific examples of bias in the article? Maybe you can add citation needed tags, where necessary. VeniVidiVicipedia (talk) 10:19, 30 January 2017 (UTC)

 * In the lead section: "Most supplements should be avoided, and usually people should not eat micronutrients except people with clearly shown deficiency." The citation used to support this statement only reflects the view of a single source. There does not appear to be a clear consensus over whether supplements should be avoided. Apparently the nutrition.gov citation is actually in favor of dietary supplements in certain circumstances. 211.100.57.205 (talk) 11:22, 13 February 2017 (UTC)

 * I get what you mean. I added a "additional citation needed" tag. Do you have a proposal on how the text could be improved? VENI VIDI VICIPEDIA talk 13:20, 13 February 2017 (UTC)

Why are so many references news media?
Can't we do better than citing articles in The New York Times and BBC?David notMD (talk) 00:54, 16 March 2017 (UTC)

source link leads to ad
Reference # 2 "Grace, Emily. "How to choose the best supplement". Health Beacon. Retrieved 3 October 2013." leads to a website with Nike ads. http://healthbeacon.co.uk/articles/featured/health-beacon/2013/08/how-to-choose-the-best-supplement.aspx IguanaArmadillo (talk) 09:41, 25 April 2017 (UTC)
 * ✅ thanks! Jytdog (talk) 19:09, 25 April 2017 (UTC)

Images
The current top one is kind of weird, I´d more expect to see some colorful pills, or maybe jars of super-common supplements (for humans). Gråbergs Gråa Sång (talk) 19:15, 10 May 2017 (UTC)
 * Yes! And the second image is goopy supplements for pigs!! and the third one is not a real product. Rather, it is an anti-supplement image!!! If the article is supposed to be neutral point of view (NPOV) then that should apply to the images, too.David notMD (talk) 21:56, 27 June 2017 (UTC)
 * Removed the top and second image as not relevant to the topic. Article coould have one image of capsules, tablets, pills, powders, liquids if that can be done without showing any brands. David notMD (talk) 00:58, 3 July 2017 (UTC)
 * Removed the last image as not NPOV. David notMD (talk) 22:00, 16 January 2018 (UTC)
 * Added three images that are NPOV. David notMD (talk) 12:18, 20 January 2018 (UTC)
 * Z added good images. Some better than what I had put in, so I deleted mine. David notMD (talk) 16:23, 26 February 2018 (UTC)

What's missing
As written, the article covers (barely) the concept of essential nutrients (vitamins, minerals, fiber, amino acids, essential fatty acids) as dietary supplements, but does not describe the larger subset of botanically derived non-nutrient ingredients. Even if the science is weak to non-existent, readers come to Wikipedia for a description. There should be a way to describe what dietary supplements are rather than having a black hole in the middle of the article. I look forward to other people's thoughts. Let's be polite. David notMD (talk) 22:33, 27 June 2017 (UTC)
 * I agree that this area of the article could use expansion, but not in the lead section in a list format as you earlier proposed. I looked at it and found the presentation of this information to be improperly formatted and beyond what a summary of the article's subject should contain. Edaham (talk) 01:43, 28 June 2017 (UTC)
 * to recap for the benefit of those who did not read the last couple of edits and summaries, this is the text which you proposed to add to the lede:
 * Dietary supplements provide
 * nutrients that may otherwise not be consumed in sufficient quantities
 * non-nutrient ingredients purported to have health benefits
 * combinations of nutrient and non-nutrient ingredients.
 * The first sub-set includes vitamins, minerals, fiber, fatty acids or amino acids. The second sub-set includes substances either extracted from plants or synthesized and chemically identical. One example is caffeine. Edaham (talk) 01:54, 28 June 2017 (UTC)
 * E - My issue with the reversion of my edits to the that it goes back to having nothing about non-nutrient dietary supplements. Anyone who walks down an aisle of a pharmacy will see glucosamine, MSM, chromium, melatonin, phytosterols, caffeine, maca, astaxanthin, and so on and so on. IMO the lead and the article need to define what are dietary supplements (in the U.S. and perhaps also Europe) - and why they exist (DSHEA) - before getting to what the consensus conclusions are (Meh, or worse). David notMD (talk) 02:55, 28 June 2017 (UTC)
 * Then you need to add a single sentence, not a whole detailed list of compositions and variations of compositions. That kind of detail is for the body of the article. Very very rarely will you find bullet point lists that expound on so much detail in the lede of an article such as this. Please let me know if you do find such an article and I will subject it to similar scrutiny. If you could summarize what you think is missing from the article in one sentence or clause and append it to this sentence:

 * "A dietary supplement is intended to provide nutrients that may otherwise not be consumed in sufficient quantities."

 * I think your issue would be solved. Brevity is the key issue here. Any large reel of details and lists of subdivisions of the subject will make the article read like it is written from an industry insider perspective, radically and controversially altering the tone of the article. My suggestion would be:

 * "A dietary supplement is either intended to provide nutrients that may otherwise not be consumed in sufficient quantities or to provide a non-nutrient chemical which is claimed to have a biologically beneficial effect".

 * Would a sentence to that effect solve the problem if it were understood that this subject would later be revisited in the body of the article? Thanks for your time Edaham (talk) 04:37, 28 June 2017 (UTC)
 * How about plural, with a comma: "A dietary supplement is either intended to provide nutrients that may otherwise not be consumed in sufficient quantities, or to provide non-nutrient chemicals which are claimed to have a biologically beneficial effects". I would still like to see DSHEA briefly explained in the lead (and perhaps what EFSA is doing in Europe), because otherwise how we got here is a mystery, but that could equally well be covered with a History section. David notMD (talk) 10:25, 28 June 2017 (UTC)
 * I changed it to "A dietary supplement is either intended to provide [nutrients] in order to increase the quantity of their consumption, or to provide non-nutrient chemicals which are claimed to have a biologically beneficial effect." I didn't like the part about "may not be consumed in sufficient quantities", as it precludes the possibility that the supplements may be taken in spite of sufficient consumption, to increase the level of intake above that which is generally considered necessary for health. Edaham (talk) 17:52, 28 June 2017 (UTC)
 * Regarding your comments on my talk page: Correct. I'm not an expert in nutrition and you clearly are. Let's keep the discussion about what to add running and evaluate the outcome as to whether or not it looks right for an encyclopedia, because when it first went in (purely from an editorial perspective) it didn't look like something that belongs in a lede. I could be wrong about that but fortunately, this being Wikipedia, I'm not the only one who's going to edit it; other editors will evaluate it too. Thanks for your help Edaham (talk) 09:58, 30 June 2017 (UTC)

Lead replaced
The lead was an incoherent mess. Help make it better if you wish, but please do not revert to what it was. David notMD (talk) 22:21, 16 January 2018 (UTC)
 * I removed an instance of the passive voice, which generally comes across as being a bit weasely. I'm sure there's other ways to rewrite it, but if claims are made "by people" its best to give either a citation or in-text attribution Edaham (talk) 07:10, 17 January 2018 (UTC)
 * I'm also looking with a critical eye at the amount of US-centric info you've placed in the lede. It might be worthwhile either/both
 * adding info about europe and asia
 * scouring repositories of info such as WHO sources or affiliated sites for worldwide info on the subject.
 * in particular the third paragraph stands out, as it is a summary of part of a section in the article on regulation, which covers both US and EU in subsections. A good lede section ought to briefly cover both or neither of these pieces of info. My instincts tell me that both would be better as regulations seem to be an important word when D.S. are mentioned.
 * In the second para, There are more than 50,000 dietary supplement products marketed, This piece of info comes from the NIH (A US based health service). I think intext attribution would help here also as it would support the number being quoted and also provide context for our readers as well as a useful link.
 * Edaham (talk) 07:14, 17 January 2018 (UTC)
 * A problem with "have a biological effect" is that many dietary supplements do not have confirmation of a biological effect. I tried a different wording. I agree the lede and the article need to get less US-centric. The other major review/approve/reject system is the European Food Safety Authority. A few other countries have their own systems - many don't. David notMD (talk) 10:34, 17 January 2018 (UTC)

Declaring conflict of interest
Currently I am self-employed as a science consultant to companies in the dietary supplement, performance nutrition and functional food industries. I am not receiving payments from clients for making changes to Wikipedia entries (and have not, and will not). NO PAID EDITING. None of my clients are aware of my Wikipedia activities, and none have ever asked me to create or edit Wikipedia entries. My intentions are to maintain a neutral point of view while improving the quality of writing and referencing in this article. David notMD (talk) 10:45, 17 January 2018 (UTC)
 * working within an industry does not necessarily imply a conflict of interests with editorial contributions to articles about that industry. A conflict of interests would arise if you were to create articles about, or contribute to articles about clients or other entities from whom you receive remuneration. If you are in doubt, you are encouraged to use the template, or by posting a note at the COI noticeboard, so that your contributions can be peer reviwed. The current modification to the lede of this article represents a net improvement and my only comments about it so far have been of stylistic issues and of geographical bias, which are common issues when a surplus of reliable sources come from one particular country. Do avoid using the passive voice and referring to non specific entities without attribution or sourcing, ('...it has been claimed...' or 'many scientists state...' for example). If you are considering an article for creation and want to know if COI might apply you can check out the link wp:COI or message me and I'd be happy to help. Note: I have not checked how much experience you have had with Wikipedia, so many apologies if all of this is known to you. Edaham (talk) 01:55, 18 January 2018 (UTC)
 * All good suggestions. There are articles about companies that are/were my clients and I do not edit those. The areas of my interest - nutrients and dietary supplements - are contentious and fraught with weak science, so my approach is conservative. For topics such as this one I still felt it was important to be transparent about my background. "Writing what you know" means that I tend to start with the situation in the United States, but am conscious of the need to be more global. As for experience, I am at >6,000 edits (but have not yet attempted to create an article). David notMD (talk) 12:45, 18 January 2018 (UTC)

 * Wikipedia encourages subject matter experts to edit in their field of expertise. Being employed in the field of dietary supplements and having an interest in the topic makes a person more, not less, useful to developing Wikipedia articles. Conflict of interest is most often a problem when someone uses Wikipedia to promote a brand or product, and often a problem when someone is trying to advocate for a position. If you are just an expert bringing professional experience into Wikipedia then feel welcome. This and many articles need professional advice!  Blue Rasberry   (talk)  17:38, 22 January 2018 (UTC)

Downrated from B-class to C-class
This article needs better content and citations in all sections. David notMD (talk) 12:23, 20 January 2018 (UTC)
 * There are no tags indicating where better sources are needed. Can you be more specific? Natureium (talk) 14:43, 22 January 2018 (UTC)
 * I am loathe to add "citation needed" because much of the text needs to be revised, too. For example, in Proteins and amino acids I removed all text and started replacement: protein mostly done, but nothing on amino acids yet. Sections I recently revised are Lead, Vitamins, Dietary minerals, Proteins and amino acids, Bodybuilding. The rest all need a cleanse (not a valid health treatment by the way) before improvements to citations. David notMD (talk) 15:50, 22 January 2018 (UTC)
 * you can add tags to sections, or to the article head, rather than to individual parts of the article. You can also make a wp:TODO list which you can put on the talk page. Tagging articles (ideally) requires that the editors who leave the tags be clear about what needs to occur in order for them to be removed. Downgrading an article which requires a great deal of maintenance should also be a collaborative decision, hopefully in order to ensure there is sufficient attention being given to restoring it to its former status. Thirdly, at the top of the article are several links to projects to which this article belongs. You can create notifications on the talk pages of those project pages and also on pages related to this one, to attract the attention of editors who may be interested in improving this article. I think this is the bare minimum of effort an article being downgraded deserves. Edaham (talk) 16:30, 22 January 2018 (UTC)
 * New sections created in Talk at the various WikiProjects and at the related Bodybuilding supplement article, explaining my decision to downgrade Dietary supplement from B- to C-class. I will also work up a TODO list. David notMD (talk) 17:16, 22 January 2018 (UTC)

 * Agree In lots of ways that are obvious to me even though no one has made a to-do list, this article is a lot of bunk and hooey. In Wikipedia's ranking system it merits a grade of C.  Blue Rasberry   (talk)  17:35, 22 January 2018 (UTC)
 * Agree Great work working on this difficult topic. Need a lot more attention, sadly I have no expertise in this topic.Sgerbic (talk) 18:46, 22 January 2018 (UTC)
 * In February, after extensive editing by several editors, an editor restored B-class. I concur with this, although still needs lots of work. David notMD (talk) 09:55, 11 July 2018 (UTC)

TO DO list
Suggestions for improving the Dietary supplement article before can be considered for B-class David notMD (talk) 14:39, 23 January 2018 (UTC)
 * Definition section: As exists, it is copied almost verbatim from Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994. Needs trimming.
 * Types section: Improve Essential fatty acids to cover DHA, EPA, ALA. Add content on amino acid supplements (Arginine, BCAA, Taurine) Add sections for plant sourced, animal sourced and synthetic.
 * Delete sections: Medical uses, Controversy, Physical and chemical properties , and Society and culture. Reassign content in those sections to existing and proposed new sections: History, Regulation, Adverse effects, Industry, Quality control, and Research.
 * History section: Cover several traditional medicine systems. Source from that article.
 * Regulation section: Start with what is currently the governments subsection in Society and culture
 * Adverse effects section: In addition to documenting a few well-known examples of ingredients that caused harm and were discontinued, add description of government-operated reporting systems intended to detect and stop harmful supplements.
 * Industry section: Describe growth from pre-DSHEA to present. Describe ingredient sourcing, international nature of ingredient supply chain, verification systems, supplement manufacturers, contract manufacturing, marketing, in U.S., role of FDA and FTC to stop illegal and fraudulent labeling and advertising.
 * Quality control section: This new section to get adulteration (including spiking with prescription drugs), substitution, contamination, GMPs
 * Research section: Describe quality of science, including problem of industry bias (only publishing studies that had positive results). Describe how population observations may indicate a benefit that is refuted by subsequent placebo controlled trials.
 * Replace news-reporting citations (BBC, NYTimes…) with better citations. Ongoing.

 * Article has more than doubled in length since this round of changes started, and an editor restored it to B-class. I agree with the reassessment, although in my opinion there are still improvements to be made and parts express an anti-supplement POV. I also consider this topic too controversial and the citable information so continually changing as to not warrant an attempt to raise it to Good Article. The article gets more than 20,000 views a month, so this continues to be is a worthy topic for improvement. David notMD (talk) 12:49, 18 February 2018 (UTC)
 * Which sections contain NPOV text? I didn't read through the entire article at the time I reassessed it; I just checked to see whether or not there were any overt violations of the WP:B-class criteria. I'm willing to revise and appropriately cite any sections with NPOV content though.  Seppi  333  (Insert 2¢) 06:41, 20 February 2018 (UTC)
 * The Adverse effects section mentions numerous events when what is being cited reported ~6,000 case reports over several years from tens of millions of people using dietary supplements. The rest of the section also imprecise (and refs 68 and 81 are identical). David notMD (talk) 14:23, 25 February 2018 (UTC)

Research section or not?
I replaced what I thought was a short, confusing mish-mosh of a Research section with three paragraphs (~530 words) and six references. Now all deleted and no Research section. Should this article have a section on research, and if so, what goes in it? David notMD (talk) 21:29, 2 February 2018 (UTC)
 * Via a Pubmed search, one can see there are numerous systematic reviews and meta-analyses of clinical trials over the past few years that assessed efficacy and safety of supplements in various conditions and diseases, allowing us to actually state results for some high-quality studies. Concerning this, citing activity in clinicaltrials.gov is not encyclopedic. I'll work on drafting a new Research section in the next day or so. --Zefr (talk) 22:20, 2 February 2018 (UTC)

 * If we are going to have a research section in this, general article, it should discuss supplements generally, not research with specific supplements. If we did the latter the section would be enormous.   Stuff like  is what we would want... and per MEDMOS we should be discussing trends - what kind of stuff is being studied, and perhaps why..Jytdog (talk) 22:37, 2 February 2018 (UTC)

 * Please do not include literature about foods or medical foods, as those are not classified as dietary supplements. David notMD (talk) 21:32, 7 February 2018 (UTC)
 * The first sentence of the article defines a dietary supplement, which fits fine with the type of materials studied in the two sources you removed. The hip fracture article covers many kinds of supplements, i.e, not food or medical foods, that were added to the diets of the subjects. The gout study included supplemental vitamin C. Both articles support the point of the section: adding nutrients to the diet independent of food did not improve the subjects' conditions. --Zefr (talk) 22:59, 7 February 2018 (UTC)

Yogurt examples for probiotic supplements and controversy
Yogurt products contain probiotics, have had health claims made, same claims disputed, regulated, fined, etc. Problem is that probiotic-containing yogurts are by definition NOT dietary supplements. It should be possible to replace the content with examples and with government regulatory actions against probiotic dietary supplements. This would be preferred to just removing the text and citations about yogurt. David notMD (talk) 10:04, 17 February 2018 (UTC)
 * Combined the probiotics content from Types and Controversy into the former. Kept all citations, including the yogurt ones, but made clear those were not about dietary supplements. Added a description of FDA regulating a probiotic dietary supplement company. Did not go into specifics of health claims, as that content is covered at length in the Probiotic article. A reminder that I have declared a COI for dietary supplements. See 17 January 2018. David notMD (talk) 04:01, 9 March 2018 (UTC)

Himalayan salt and 84 minerals
- I'm wondering about the usefulness and WP:UNDUE weight of this addition you provided. Accepted that the new section is intended to highlight and minimize the misinformation about Himalayan salt nutrient content, as well discussed in the 2017 Hall article. I feel the issue could be handled with one sentence in the Minerals section, perhaps giving another example or two. One could find innumerable examples of other quackery about nutrient and supplements, so giving attention to this one seems odd. Alternate idea: maybe a short, more general section under Controversy discussing supplement quackery and misbranding could be added, and would dovetail logically with the FDA litigation subsection. Thoughts? --Zefr (talk) 16:35, 30 January 2019 (UTC)
 * I put it there because relevant to minerals, and where readers might look for information on mineral dietary supplements. But you are right that it puts a useless mineral supplement in a section about essential nutrient minerals. The generalized problem is that there are supplements that contain only nutrients, supplements that contain only non-nutrient ingredients (using criteria that nutrients are essential and everything else not a nutrient), and the very common combination products. I am open to any rearrangement of the article. And to deletion of the content I just added if undue. David notMD (talk) 17:19, 30 January 2019 (UTC)

"Among other countries..."

 * Among other countries, the definition of dietary supplements may vary as drugs or other classes of ingredients used in supplement products.

I'm a native English speaker, but at a loss to say what this means - and from what I can see it doesn't seem to summarise anything from the body of the article either. If you think it means something, I'd be interested to know what, but it should not go back until it makes sense without such an explanation. - Snori (talk) 20:12, 4 February 2019 (UTC)
 * I agree it's a poorly worded sentence and is not really needed in the lede. Its intent (I don't claim to be the author) apparently was to state that supplement ingredients could actually be classified as drugs or nutrients in some countries – a statement of fact. --Zefr (talk) 21:05, 4 February 2019 (UTC)

"These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration" listed at Redirects for discussion
An editor has asked for a discussion to address the redirect These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. Please participate in the redirect discussion if you wish to do so. Utopes (talk) 05:20, 27 December 2019 (UTC)

"This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease" listed at Redirects for discussion
An editor has asked for a discussion to address the redirect This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. Please participate in the redirect discussion if you wish to do so. Utopes (talk) 05:30, 27 December 2019 (UTC)

Pets!
Needs a section on dietary supplements for pets, or perhaps enlarge to animals in general? There is a supplement industry for race horses. David notMD (talk) 17:35, 27 December 2019 (UTC)

Australian review of "Nutritional Supplements"
Looks like the linked paper [120] for this statement - "In 2015, the Australian Government's Department of Health published the results of a review of herbal supplements to determine if any were suitable for coverage by health insurance.[120]" - is a review of various physical therapies, massage and so on, not "herbal supplements" or dietary supplements. Maybe it should be removed. 2001:8004:1DF1:7ED:7883:C274:AAEA:EDCD (talk) 12:07, 22 July 2021 (UTC)

Foundations II 2023 Group 2 Proposed Edits
- restructuring Dietary Supplements page to follow the Wiki style Medicine manual guidelines - adding sections on fertility supplements and pediatric supplements Achang6 (talk) 20:39, 27 July 2021 (UTC)
 * Don't use the encyclopedia as a group draft term paper for a university course, as done with these two edits. Do your research first and follow WP:MEDRS for choosing high-quality sources. There are no antiaging drugs, and there are no "antiaging" supplements with qualified health claims from any national regulatory agency. Zefr (talk) 21:07, 27 July 2021 (UTC)

Foundations II Group 30 Peer Review 2021
Great job group 2. It was great to see the updated information in the lead section. Love the addition of the prenatal/ pregnancy section and the linking of various relevant articles. Great use of lay language, flow, and organization. Overall, we do believe you’ve achieved your initial goals. X. Chen, UCSF (talk) 21:40, 2 August 2021 (UTC) William.p.chau (talk) 21:41, 2 August 2021 (UTC) W.nguyen, Future UCSF PharmD (talk) 21:42, 2 August 2021 (UTC)

The language used by all members of group 2 is neutral, stating the outcomes/ findings of the relevant research cited in the references in an informative manner and no sweeping claims were made. All information presented had corresponding citations.

X. Chen, UCSF (talk) 21:38, 2 August 2021 (UTC)

Upon closer observation of the contributions made by Group 2 over the past week, I did not find any inappropriate language with regards to diversity, equity, and inclusion. Primary contributions from this group were in the new Prenatal and Fertility sections, with additional contributions being dispersed throughout the article, mainly as essential supplemental information which further bolsters each section. Both the Fertility and Prenatal sections appropriately state a neutral point of view through acknowledgement of other points of view. William.p.chau (talk) 22:10, 2 August 2021 (UTC)

The points included are able to be verified with numerous cited secondary sources that include the FDA, WHO, Cochrane review, and PubMed journal articles. One area of improvement I can suggest would be to consolidate duplicate citations to clean up the reference section. Great work team 2! W.nguyen, Future UCSF PharmD (talk) 23:23, 2 August 2021 (UTC)
 * Referencing was not initially in standard format, and added text needed to be revised because some wording was more conclusive in tone than was supported by the references. Some content removed because it rested on a weak review even though stronger and more recent reviews were available in the literature. All in all, good work for students (I've seen and fixed far worse). There is always hope that participation in Wikipedia will continue beyond a class assignment. David notMD (talk) 13:17, 3 August 2021 (UTC)

Group 2 has reviewed all the references so that they are all correctly formatted. Previously, predatory publishers were scrubbed by other editors, and we have since taken care to ensure the sources are credible. Achang6 (talk) 20:19, 4 August 2021 (UTC) A. Ng, Future UCSF PharmD (talk) 20:42, 4 August 2021 (UTC) Agkobi (talk) 21:14, 4 August 2021 (UTC) AlecGBarajas (talk) 21:16, 4 August 2021 (UTC)
 * Group 2 removed all the months from the dates of journal articles, which is preferred, also a lot of unnecessary effort to remove spaces within references, as these are invisible to how the article and references appear. Blanket revert. One ref had been improved (going from CNN summary of a journal article to the actual journal article - that was restored). David notMD (talk) 00:41, 5 August 2021 (UTC)

Regulatory Compliance
Regulatory Compliance incorrectly says that Canadian law considers dietary supplements a food item. Canadian law lists them as a Natural Health Product and regulates them as a tertiary thing under the Food and Drugs Act. 142.109.6.211 (talk) 01:34, 25 November 2022 (UTC)
 * Make the change and use that as a reference. David notMD (talk) 04:03, 25 November 2022 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 14 February 2023
Below I have pasted the edited version of the intro and Definition sections. I made grammar corrections and cleaned up phrasing:

A dietary supplement is a manufactured product intended to supplement one's diet via alternative consumption forms such as pills, capsules, tablets, powders, or liquids.[2] A supplement can provide nutrients that are extracted from food sources or manufactured synthetically in order to increase the efficacy of high quantity consumption. Targeted nutrient classes include vitamins, minerals, fiber, fatty acids, and amino acids. Dietary supplements can also contain substances that are not necessarily essential for life but are marketed as having a beneficial biological effect. Examples of these include plant pigments or polyphenols. Animals can also be a source of supplement ingredients as in the case of collagen, which is derived from chickens or fish. Products can contain nutrients on an individual basis or in combination with one another; it is important for individuals to check nutrition labels so that they know exactly what they are taking. In this regard, the European Commission has established harmonized rules to help insure that food supplements are safe and appropriately labeled.[3] Within an industry estimated to have a value of $151.9 billion in 2021,[4] there are more than 50,000 dietary supplement products marketed in the United States.[5] About 50% of the American adult population consumes dietary supplements with Multivitamins being the most common.[6] The United States National Institutes of Health states that supplements "may be of value" for those who are nutrient deficient from their diet and receive approval from their medical provider.[7] In the United States, it is against federal regulations for supplement manufacturers to claim that their products prevent or treat any diseases. Companies are allowed to use what is referred to as "Structure/Function" wording if there is substantiated scientific evidence that a supplement provides a health effect.[8] An example would be "_____ helps maintain healthy joints,” but the label must bear a disclaimer that the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) "has not evaluated the claim" and that the dietary supplement product is not intended to "diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease,” because only a certified drug can legally make such a claim.[8] The FDA enforces these regulations and also prohibits the sale of supplements with dangerous ingredients or that are not made according to standardized good manufacturing practices (GMPs). Definition In the United States, the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994 provides this description: "The Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994 (DSHEA) defines the term "dietary supplement" to mean a product (other than tobacco) intended to supplement the diet that bears or contains one or more of the following dietary ingredients: a vitamin, a mineral, an herb or other botanical, an amino acid, a dietary substance for use by man to supplement the diet by increasing the total dietary intake, or a concentrate, metabolite, constituent, extract, or combination of any of the aforementioned ingredients. Furthermore, a dietary supplement must be labeled as a dietary supplement and be intended for ingestion and must not be represented for use as conventional food or as a sole item of a meal or of the diet. In addition, a dietary supplement cannot be approved or authorized for investigation as a new drug, antibiotic, or biologic, unless it was marketed as a food or a dietary supplement before such approval or authorization. Under DSHEA, dietary supplements are deemed to be food, except for purposes of the drug definition."[9] Per DSHEA, dietary supplements are consumed orally, and are mainly defined by what they are not: conventional foods (including meal replacements), medical foods,[10] preservatives or pharmaceutical drugs. Products intended for use as a nasal spray or topically, as in a lotion applied to the skin, do not qualify. FDA-approved drugs cannot be ingredients in dietary supplements. Supplement products are or contain vitamins, nutritionally essential minerals, amino acids, essential fatty acids and non-nutrient substances extracted from plants, animals, fungi, bacteria, or in the instance of probiotics, are live bacteria. Dietary supplement ingredients may also be synthetic copies of naturally occurring substances (example: melatonin). All products with these ingredients are required to be labeled as dietary supplements.[11] Simar to foods but unlike drugs, no government approval is required to make or sell dietary supplements. Rather than requiring risk–benefit analysis to prove that the product can be sold like a drug, the FDA only uses such an assessment to decide that a dietary supplement is unsafe and should be removed from market.[11]

Lastly, I made grammar corrections and rephrasing suggestions to the Vitamins section. I also added a bit on what happens if a vitamin is consumed in excess. The citation for this is included below as well:

A vitamin is an organic compound required by an organism as a vital nutrient in limited amounts.[12] An organic chemical compound (or related set of compounds) is called a vitamin when it cannot be synthesized in sufficient quantities by an organism and must be obtained from the diet. The term is conditional both on the circumstances and on the particular organism. For example, ascorbic acid (vitamin C) is a vitamin for anthropoid primates, humans, guinea pigs and bats, but not for other mammals. Vitamin D is not an essential nutrient for people who get sufficient exposure to ultraviolet light, either from the sun or an artificial source, as they synthesize vitamin D in skin.[13] Humans require thirteen vitamins in their diet, most of which are actually groups of related molecules, "vitamers", (e.g. vitamin E includes tocopherols and tocotrienols, vitamin K includes vitamin K1 and K2). The list: vitamins A, C, D, E, K, Thiamine (B1), Riboflavin (B2), Niacin (B3), Pantothenic Acid (B5), Vitamin B6, Biotin (B7), Folate (B9) and Vitamin B12. Vitamin intake below recommended amounts can result in signs and symptoms associated with vitamin deficiency. There is little evidence of benefit when vitamins are consumed as a dietary supplement by those who are healthy and have a nutritionally adequate diet.[14] The U.S. Institute of Medicine sets tolerable upper intake levels (ULs) for some of the vitamins. This does not prevent dietary supplement companies from selling products with content per serving higher than the ULs. For example, the UL for vitamin D is 100 µg (4,000 IU),[15] but products are available without prescription at 10,000 IU. The adverse effects of chronically exceeding ULs vary with the given nutrient. For example, excess calcium can lead to hyperglycemia and renal insufficiency. Too much fluoride may result in moderate enamel fluorosis or, for children 9-13 years of age, skeletal fluorosis. A final example is Vitamin C overdosing, which can cause osmotic diarrhea and gastrointestinal disturbances*see citation below. DRI Dietary Reference Intakes: Applications in Dietary Assessment. Institute of Medicine (US) Subcommittee on Interpretation and Uses of Dietary Reference Intakes; Institute of Medicine (US) Standing Committee on the Scientific Evaluation of Dietary Reference Intakes. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US); 2000. Copyright 2000 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. NCBI Bookshelf. A service of the National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health. Gduffy25 (talk) 00:36, 16 February 2023 (UTC)
 * From: 6, Using the Tolerable Upper Intake Level for Nutrient Assessment of Groups

- be specific about what you wish to change and why. No one is going to read your long post and compare it to the current version. Zefr (talk) 00:55, 16 February 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Dietary supplement


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Christian Coulson

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was Keep. Ëvilphoenix Burn! 05:46, August 16, 2005 (UTC)

Christian Coulson
There's really nothing that is useful. The fact that he plays Tom Riddle is already in the Harry Potter pages. I don't think saying "He's an actor that played some guy in some movie" is enough information to qualify for his own page. --Matjlav 23:25, 23 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Obvious Keep - He is a real actor who was played in 7 or 8 tv mini-series and several movies. Lots of actors have pages on wikipedia. Dalf | Talk 04:55, 26 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Weak keep - Article definately needs a rewrite though. Redwolf24 05:34, 28 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Strong keep - Notable actor. Laur 14:34, 29 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Weak Keep. I'm with Redwolf in that this needs a re-write, but as long as he's still (semi-) famous for playing in the Harry Potter movies (no small feat, mind you) he deserves an article. -mysekurity 22:42, 30 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Plenty of other actors of similar or lesser notability have articles here. Peter Farago 03:42, 8 August 2005 (UTC)
 * I vote to keep the page Keep, but why is this still in votes for deletion. It has been past five days. from User:129.170.160.216 (do non-registered users vote?)
 * Strong keep. He's not an extra, for Pete's sake; he's a multiply credited actor, albeit a minor one.  There are many Harry Potter pages that desrve deletion (minor objects, spells, characters), but CC should be allowed to have a page describing his filmography.J. Goard 19:42, 8 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, quite notable enough. Hall Monitor 21:24, 10 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy Keep. I didn't bother to look at the pre-rewrite version, but the current version is a decent bio of a notable (not major, but notable) actor.  Robert A West 14:53, 11 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Obvious Keep TonyJoe 00:52, 14 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Notable actor. Gafaddict 03:33, 14 August 2005 (UTC)

Comments

 * do not put votes below this line

Note: this was never listed on the main VFD page, so I've listed it today. sjorford →•← 20:32, 10 August 2005 (UTC)

I rewrote the page and it should read better. I don't think you can get away with saying he is just an actor that played some guy in some movie. He's an actor who has played one of literatures most famous villians in one of Hollywoods most successful film adaptation.
 * Sorry about the state of the article. It was one sentence when it got put up for deletion, so I just dumped a partial filmography into it to show that there was enough to warrent an article.  If I get a few minutes next week ill have a look at other biographical pages and see if I can format it and flesh it out some (unless (hopefully) someon else does first). Dalf | Talk 06:39, 5 August 2005 (UTC)

I spent a few hours already looking for biographical information. I think this is the best information out there. But I spent a lot of time on it, and I think it is a much better article.
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.