text:
Juan Martínez Montañés

Juan Martínez Montañés (March 16, 1568 – June 18, 1649), known as el Dios de la Madera (the God of Wood), was a Spanish sculptor, born at Alcalá la Real, in the province of Jaén. He was one of the most important figures of the Sevillian school of sculpture, and is known for developing the encarnación sculpting technique.

Biography
Juan Martínez Montañés was born on March 16, 1568, in Alcalá la Real, Jaén, Spain. His master was Pablo de Roxas.

His first known work, dating to 1597, is the graceful St. Christopher in the church of El Salvador at Seville. His Boy Christ (dated 1607) is in the sacristy of the cathedral of Seville. His masterpiece, the great altar of St Jerome at San Isidoro del Campo, Santiponce, near Seville, was contracted in 1609 and completed in 1613. Montañés executed most of his sculpture in wood, which was gessoed, polychromed and gilded.

Other works were the great altars at Santa Clara in Seville and at San Miguel in Jerez, the Immaculate Conception and the realistic figure of Christ Crucified in Cristo de la Clemencìa, commissioned in 1603, in the sacristy of Seville cathedral (illustration); the figure of St John the Baptist, and the St Bruno (1620); a tomb for Don Pérez de Guzmán and his wife (1619); the highly realistic polychromed wood head and hands of St Ignatius of Loyola (1610) and of St Francis Xavier in the university church of Seville, where the costumed figures were used in celebrations.

Montañés achieved great fame in his lifetime; he died in 1649, leaving a large family. His works are more realistic than imaginative, but this, allied with an impeccable taste, produced remarkable results. In 1635, in preparation for the bronze equestrian statue of King Philip IV by Pietro Tacca, Montañés went to Madrid and spent seven months there modelling a portrait of Philip IV. The work was sent to Tacca in Florence as primary reference for the King, and the statue was finished in 1640. During his stay in Madrid he had his portrait painted by Diego Velázquez, whose tutor had worked for him.

He had many imitators, including his son Alonzo Martínez, who died in 1668. His students included Juan de Mesa.

title: Juan Martínez Montañés


text:
User talk:Ilovetomessstuffup

Please stop adding nonsense to Wikipedia. It is considered vandalism. If you want to experiment, please use the sandbox. Thank you. --Canderson7 21:09, July 23, 2005 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User talk:Ilovetomessstuffup


text:
User talk:Schaelss~enwiki

Hi - I like your NeXTStation image - could you please release into commons so that we easily can use it in the international versions?

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Schaelss. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Schaelss~enwiki that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name. If you think you might own all of the accounts with this name and this message is in error, please visit Special:MergeAccount to check and attach all of your accounts to prevent them from being renamed.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 02:53, 20 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 18:35, 22 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Schaelss~enwiki


text:
User:Wolfego

This user's real name is Karsten Scott Nicholson. He lives in Covina. He is a black belt in the Goju-Ryu form of Karate.

title: User:Wolfego


text:
User:Bert Payne

Bert is now: kitsunetsuki22

title: User:Bert Payne


text:
John Patton (GC)

John MacMillan Stevenson Patton, (29 August 1915 – 13 May 1996) was a Canadian Army officer, and the only Bermuda-born British person to be awarded the George Cross. He was raised in Burlington and Hamilton, Ontario.

World War II
At the height of the Battle of Britain when the Hurricane was the principal British fighter aircraft, Lieutenant Patton was a chemical engineering officer in the 1st Battalion, Corps of Royal Canadian Engineers, recently arrived in Britain and based at Box Hill, near Dorking, Surrey. On 21 September, at 8.30 am when he was leading a team clearing debris at the bomb-damaged Vickers-Armstrongs aircraft factory at Brooklands near Weybridge, a lone Luftwaffe Junkers Ju 88 attacked the Hawker Hurricane factory on the South-West side of Brooklands. Two of the three bombs dropped failed to explode and, despite having no previous experience of bomb disposal, Patton soon attended the scene. One unexploded bomb was buried under part of the factory floor but another had passed through the main building and ended up on an adjacent hardstanding. Patton decided that the unexploded bomb had to be removed as soon as possible before it damaged the vital factory, so with the help of four others (including his adjutant Captain Douglas W C Cunnington and Vickers Home Guard Section Leader A H Tilyard-Burrows ), he rolled it onto a sheet of corrugated iron and secured it to the back of a 15cwt truck. While Patton sat on the tailgate of the lorry to watch over the bomb, Cunnington towed the bomb out onto the aerodrome where it was then rolled very carefully into an existing bomb crater where it subsequently exploded harmlessly the next morning. Patton was awarded the George Cross for his bravery (Cunnington and Tilyard-Burrows were awarded the George Medal) and subsequently served in India and Burma fighting against the Japanese.

Post-war
After the war he received Canadian citizenship as a result of his participation with the Royal Canadian Engineers. He was also made an Honorary Member of the Royal Engineers Bomb Disposal Association.

Recognition
In February 1944, the City of Hamilton was given 3 acre of land for park use by Thomas Hambly Ross, MP (Hamilton East), and his wife Olive. This park was originally named Ross Park but was renamed Patton Park in 1946, in honour of Captain John MacMillan Stevenson Patton. In 1960, the park was again renamed to honour Samuel Lawrence. From 1990 to 1994, Sam Lawrence Park saw a major upgrading that included repairing stone walls, installing new walkways, lighting, site furniture, and redevelopment of the major rock gardens. Sam Lawrence Park can be found on the western-end of Concession Street in Hamilton, Ontario. Prior to 1944, this property was the Webb Quarry.

title: John Patton (GC)


text:
Eddie Jefferson

Eddie Jefferson (August 3, 1918 – May 9, 1979) was an American jazz vocalist and lyricist. He is credited as an innovator of vocalese, a musical style in which lyrics are set to an instrumental composition or solo. Jefferson himself claims that his main influence was Leo Watson. Perhaps Jefferson's best-known song is "Moody's Mood for Love" which was recorded in 1952, though two years later a recording by King Pleasure catapulted the contrafact into wide popularity (King Pleasure even cites Jefferson as a personal influence). Jefferson's recordings of Charlie Parker's "Parker's Mood" and Horace Silver's "Filthy McNasty" were also hits.

Biography
Jefferson was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States. One of his most notable recordings, "So What", combined the lyrics of artist Christopher Acemandese Hall with the music of Miles Davis to highlight his skills, and enabled him to turn a phrase, into his style he calls jazz vocalese.

Jefferson's last recorded performance was at the Joe Segal's Jazz Showcase in Chicago and was released on video by Rhapsody Films. He shared the stand with Richie Cole (alto sax), John Campbell (piano), Kelly Sill (bass) and Joel Spencer (drums). The performance was part of a tour that Jefferson and Cole led together. Their opening night in Detroit, Michigan, was at Baker's Keyboard Lounge, a jazz club built in the 1930s that has played host to famous musicians including those who spanned the genre with artists as diverse as Dexter Gordon and Sonny Stitt.

A previously unreleased live recording from July 1976 was released in August 2009 as Eddie Jefferson At Ali's Alley, with the quintet of drummer Rashied Ali featured.

Eddie Jefferson was shot and killed outside Baker's Keyboard Lounge on May 8, 1979, aged 60. He had left the club with fellow bandleader Cole around 1:35 a.m. and was shot while walking out of the building. A late-model Lincoln Continental was spotted speeding away from the scene. The driver was later picked up by Detroit police and identified as a disgruntled dancer with whom Jefferson once worked and had fired from a gig. The suspect was charged with murder, but was later acquitted in a Detroit criminal trial.

The Manhattan Transfer honored both Jefferson and Coleman Hawkins in their vocal version of "Body and Soul" on their album Extensions in 1979.

Discography

 * Letter from Home (Riverside, 1962)
 * Body and Soul (Prestige, 1968)
 * Come Along with Me (Prestige, 1969)
 * The Bebop Singers with Annie Ross, Joe Carroll (Prestige, 1970)
 * Things Are Getting Better (Muse, 1974)
 * Still on the Planet (Muse, 1976)
 * The Jazz Singer (Inner City, 1976)
 * The Main Man (Inner City, 1977)
 * The Live-Liest (Muse, 1979)

With Richie Cole
 * New York Afternoon (Muse, 1977)
 * Alto Madness (Muse, 1977)
 * Keeper of the Flame (Muse, 1979)
 * Live at the Douglas Beach House 1978 (Just Jazz, 1995)
 * Hollywood Madness (Muse, 1979)

With Dexter Gordon
 * Great Encounters (Columbia, 1979)

With James Moody
 * Moody's Workshop (Prestige, 1954)
 * Hi Fi Party (Prestige, 1955)
 * Flute 'n the Blues (Argo, 1956)
 * Moody's Mood for Love (Argo, 1957)
 * Hey! It's James Moody (Argo, 1959)
 * Cookin' the Blues (Argo, 1964)
 * Don't Look Away Now! (Prestige, 1969)
 * James Moody's Heritage Hum (Perception, 1971)

With Frank Wright
 * Kevin, My Dear Son (Recorded: October 1978) (Chiaroscuro, 1979)

title: Eddie Jefferson


text:
1981 Bahraini coup attempt

The 1981 Bahraini coup d'état attempt was a failed coup d'état which was orchestrated by the Islamic Front for the Liberation of Bahrain which operated with alleged backing from Iran. The Bahraini Ministry of Interior arrested 73 individuals who were accused of attempting to overthrow the Bahraini monarchy and install an Islamic republic similar to that in Iran. The plot is viewed as being the first overt attempt at undermining a Persian Gulf government with some measure of Iranian aid. The Iranian government denied involvement.

Coup attempt
The coup was orchestrated by 73 individuals of various nationalities including 60 Bahrainis, 11 Saudis, a Kuwaiti, and an Omani. The Bahrainis had Shia-associated last names. The individuals had been trained in Iran, had automatic weapons, and some had Bahraini police uniforms, allegedly made in Iran. Iran denied all involvement. According to the government of Bahrain, an Iranian had brought two radios into Bahrain to be used by the plotters. The individuals planned to attack the Bahraini government offices Dar Al Hukuma and take ministers as hostages while simultaneously taking over the national radio building and television stations on December 16; a date which marks Bahrain's national day. Three of the plotters were given life sentences, while the remaining 70 received lighter jail terms.

Reaction
The Bahraini government expelled a number of Iranian diplomats shortly after the arrests. The expulsions included Iranian diplomat Hassan Shushtari Zadeh, the top Iranian diplomat in Bahrain at that time.

title: 1981 Bahraini coup attempt


text: User talk:85.105.13.6

title: User talk:85.105.13.6


text:
Samuel Cashwan

Samuel Adolph Cashwan (1900–1988) was an American sculptor.

History
Born Samual Adolf Cashwan to Jewish parents in Cherkasy, Ukraine, Cashwan's parents left Russia and emigrated to New York City in 1906. Cashwan began his art studies after the family moved to Detroit in 1916. His first exposure to art came from his art teacher, Katherine Conover at Detroit's Central High School. Cashwan then took art course at the John Wicker School of Art in Detroit and later at Detroit City College.

In 1918, Cashwan served in the US Army. He was discharged following the end of World War I and returned to New York City, where he continued with his art training at the Architectural League of New York. Cashwan then moved to Paris from 1923 to 1926 where he attended the École des Beaux-Arts under the sculptor Antoine Bourdelle. He returned to Detroit in 1927 and became an art instructor at the University of Michigan. Cashwan also served as the head of the sculpture department of the Detroit Society of Arts and Crafts until 1942. Cashwan was also employed by the Works Progress Administration (WPA) from 1936 until 1942 as the supervisor of its sculpture and ceramics program. He was to credit the income from these teaching positions to allow art to his own tastes rather than that of the art market.

During his time at the WPA, Cashwan created several sculptures for outside display at Michigan State University. At the Olin Health Center, he created bas-reliefs of the Greek gods Panacea and Hygeia. AT one of the University entrances, he created a sculpture of a man, a woman, a horse and several sheafs of wheat. These figures symbolized the university's beginnings as a school of agriculture.

In January, 1942, Cashwan exhibited sculptural work at an opening of the Museum of Modern Art in New York City.

Following the end of World War II, Cashwan was hired as a designer for General Motors, a position that he held until his retirement in 1965. He moved to North Carolina shortly thereafter, where he lived until his death in 1988.

Cashwan created two prominent sculptures at the 1966 Oldsmobile Administrative Building in Lansing, Michigan: Prometheus in the building's lobby and Open Cage at an important entrance. The Prometheus sculpture signified the spirit of research necessary to industrial progress, and Open Cage signified people working in groups.

While Cashwan suggested that his work had been influenced by both Romanesque and Hindu sculpture, as his career progress his work developed along more and more abstract lines. By the late 1930s, his figural work had become very angular, stressing sharp lines and large volumes. His pieces created following World War II were even more abstract, his later ones having altogether abandoned figural reference.

Like many of the sculptors of his day Cashwan was endowed with both the skills and the opportunity to work with architects and create architectural sculpture. Buildings adorned by his hand can be found in both Lansing, Michigan and Detroit.

Architectural work

 * St. Aloysius Church, Donaldson & Meier architects, Detroit, Michigan - two Angles on facade  1927
 * Water Conditioning Plant, Black & Black architects, Lansing, Michigan, 1938
 * Olin Health Center,  Ralph Calder, architect, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan,  1939
 * Abbott Street Entrance Marker, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan  1939
 * Edward Denby Memorial, Brodhead Armory, Detroit MI, 1939
 * Music Building, Ralph Calder, architect, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan  1940
 * Student Union Addition, Prometheus Frieze, Ralph Calder, architect, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan

Public monuments

 * Brady Memorial, Belle Isle, Detroit MI, 1928
 * Abraham Lincoln, Lincoln Consolidated Schools, Augusta Township, Michigan, 1938
 * Pioneer Mother, Clare, Michigan, 1938
 * Three Musicians, Michigan State University, East Lansing MI c. 1940
 * Miller Memorial, Kellog Building, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 1940

Additional sources

 * Barrie, Bentley, Helms and Raspond, Artists in Michigan: 1900-1976, Wayne State University Press, Detroit 1989
 * Brunk, Colby, Jacobs et al., Arts and Crafts in Detroit 1906-1976: The Movement, The Society, The School, Detroit Institute of Arts, Detroit MI 1976
 * Colby, Joy Hakanson, Art and a City: A History of the Detroit Society of Arts and Crafts, Wayne State University Press, Detroit MI 1956
 * Doyle, Right Reverend John M., Saint Aloysius Church: The Old and the New, Centennial Publishing Company, Detroit 1930
 * Hendry, Fay L., Outdoor Sculpture in Lansing, iota Press, Okamos, Michigan 1980
 * Kvaran, Einar Einarsson, Architectural Sculpture in America, unpublished manuscript
 * Miller, Dorothy C., ed. Americans 1942: 18 Artists From 9 States, Museum of Modern Art, New York 1942
 * Smith, Dorothy Hitchingham, Footsteps From the Past, mimeographed booklet 1975

title: Samuel Cashwan


text:
Battle of Loon Lake

The Battle of Loon Lake, also known as the Battle of Steele Narrows, concluded the North-West Rebellion on June 3, 1885, and was the last battle fought on Canadian soil. It was fought in what was then the District of Saskatchewan of the North-West Territories, at what is now known as Steele Narrows at Makwa Lake, in Saskatchewan's Steele Narrows Provincial Park. Steele Narrows is a channel that separates Sanderson Bay from Makwa Lake.

Led by Major Sam Steele, a force of North-West Mounted Police, Alberta Mounted Rifles and Steele's Scouts (a body of mounted militia raised by Steele himself) caught up with and dispersed a band of Plains Cree warriors and their white and Métis hostages.

Cree scouts made a determined stand with what was left of their ammunition, but the body of the Cree column, realizing the hopelessness of their situation, released their prisoners and fled. The Cree casualties were four dead and dozens wounded.

Wandering Spirit, the war chief leading the Cree military campaign, surrendered to authorities at Fort Pitt. Big Bear, the aging peacetime chief of this band of Cree, eluded capture until July 2.

Maps

 * Military map of Loon Lake
 * Military map of Loon Lake Ford
 * Military map of Loon Lake Island and Muskeg

Legacy
The site of the battle was designated as a National Historic Site of Canada in 1950.

In the spring of 2008, Tourism, Parks, Culture and Sport Minister Christine Tell proclaimed in Duck Lake, that "the 125th commemoration, in 2010, of the 1885 Northwest Resistance is an excellent opportunity to tell the story of the prairie Métis and First Nations peoples' struggle with Government forces and how it has shaped Canada today." The Battle of Loon Lake is commemorated today by interpretive signs placed by the Government of Saskatchewan and a plaque placed by the Historic Sites and Monuments Board of Canada.

The area of the battlefield was designated a provincial park in 1986. Steele Narrows Provincial Historic Park is an 88 ha park that conserves the lookout point of a Cree burial ground, has interpretive plaques, and a recreation area.

title: Battle of Loon Lake


text:
List of islands of the Northeast United States

Fairfield County

 * Carting Island, Stratford
 * Goose Island, Stratford
 * Long Island, Stratford
 * Norwalk Islands, Norwalk
 * Peacock Island, Stratford
 * Pope's Flat, Stratford

Middlesex County

 * Cedar Island, Clinton
 * Duck Island, Westbrook
 * Menunketesuck Island, Westbrook
 * Salt Island, Westbrook

New Haven County

 * Charles Island, Milford
 * Duck Island, Milford
 * Fowler Island, Milford
 * Nells Island, Milford
 * Thimble Islands, Branford

New London County

 * Ram Island, Stonington
 * North Brother Island, East Lyme
 * South Brother Island, East Lyme

New Jersey

 * Absecon Island
 * Artificial Island
 * Brigantine Island
 * Burlington Island
 * Cape Island
 * Cedar Bonnet Islands
 * Chadwick Beach Island
 * Dildine Island
 * Ellis Island
 * Long Beach Island
 * Ludlam Island
 * Newbold Island
 * Ocean City
 * Pelican Island
 * Petty Island
 * Pullen Island
 * Raccoon Island
 * Robbins Reef Light
 * Seven Mile Island
 * Shooters Island
 * Tocks Island
 * The Wildwoods

New York

 * Alger Island
 * Barnum Island
 * Broad Channel Island
 * Brother Island (Niagara River)
 * Carleton Island
 * City Island
 * Coney Island (formerly an actual island)
 * Ellis Island
 * Fire Island
 * Fishers Island
 * Gardiners Island
 * Goat Island
 * Governors Island
 * Grand Island
 * Hart Island
 * High Island
 * Hoffman Island
 * Isle of Meadows
 * Jones Beach Island
 * Liberty Island
 * Long Beach Island
 * Long Island
 * Manhattan Island
 * Mill Rock
 * North Brother Island
 * North Dumpling Island
 * Plum Island
 * Pollepel Island
 * Prall's Island
 * Randall's Island
 * Rat Island
 * Rikers Island
 * Roosevelt Island
 * Shelter Island
 * Shooters Island
 * South Brother Island
 * Staten Island
 * Swinburne Island
 * Thousand Islands
 * Three Sisters Islands
 * Unity Island (formerly known as Squaw Island)
 * U Thant Island (Belmont Island)
 * Valcour Island
 * Wards Island

Pennsylvania

 * Bald Eagle Island
 * Barbadoes Island
 * Bayshore Island
 * Big Chestnut Island
 * Brunner Island
 * Brunot Island
 * Brushy Island
 * City Island
 * Cogley Island
 * Davis Island
 * Deep Water Island
 * Duncan Island
 * Eagle Island
 * Else Island
 * Ely Island
 * Getter's Island
 * Green Island
 * Haldeman Island
 * Hendrick Island
 * Hennery Island
 * Georgetown Island
 * Herr's Island
 * Hill Island
 * Jacks Island
 * Little Chestnut Island
 * Little Tinicum Island
 * Lower Bear Island
 * Mt. Johnson Island
 * Murphy Island
 * Nancy's Island
 * Neville Island
 * Nicholson Island
 * Ninemile Island
 * Phillis Island
 * Piney Island
 * Rookery Island
 * Ross Island
 * Sassafras Island
 * Shad Island
 * Shelley Island
 * Sicily Island
 * Sixmile Island
 * Sycamore Island
 * Three Mile Island
 * Tinicum Island
 * Turkey Island
 * Twelvemile Island
 * Upper Bear Island
 * Urey Island
 * Wildcat Island
 * Wolf Island

Rhode Island

 * Albro Island
 * Aquidneck Island
 * Barker Island
 * Beach Island
 * Beef Island
 * Bill Island
 * Bills Island
 * Block Island
 * Browning Isles - historical
 * Bush Island
 * Castle Island
 * Cedar Island - Lat. - 41.377'N/Lon. - 71.613'W, Kingston, Washington County
 * Cedar Island - Lat. - 41.404'N/Lon. - 71.503'W, Kingston, Washington County
 * Chepiwanoxet Island - historical
 * Coaster's Harbor Island
 * Conanicut Island
 * Cornelius Island
 * Crab Island
 * Cranberry Island
 * Cummock Island
 * Despair Island
 * Dutch Island
 * Dyer Island
 * East Island
 * Flower Island
 * Fort Island
 * Fox Island
 * Gardner Island - Lat. - 41.380'N/Lon. - 71.539'W, Kingston, Washington County
 * Gardner Island - Lat. - 41.406'N/Lon. - 71.508'W, Kingston, Washington County
 * Gingerbread Island
 * Goat Island
 * Goose Island - Kingston, Washington County
 * Goose Island - Narragansett Pier, Washington County
 * Gooseberry Island - Newport, Newport County
 * Gooseberry Island - Prudence Island, Newport County
 * Gooseberry Island - Narragansett Pier, Washington County
 * Gooseberry Island - Lat. - 41.373'N/Lon. - 71.618'W, Kingston, Washington County
 * Gooseberry Island - Lat. - 41.385'N/Lon. - 71.517'W, Kingston, Washington County
 * Gould Island - Prudence Island, Newport County
 * Gould Island - Tiverton, Newport County
 * Governors Island
 * Great Island
 * Greene Island
 * Harbour Island
 * Hazard Island
 * Heather Island
 * Hen Island
 * Hog Hill Island
 * Hog Island
 * Hope Island
 * Horace Island
 * The Hummocks
 * Jacks Island
 * Jacob Island
 * Jonathan Island
 * Kedinker Island
 * Lime Rock
 * Little Comfort Island
 * Little Cormorant Rock
 * Little Island - Bristol, Bristol County
 * Little Island - East Providence, Bristol County
 * Marsh Island
 * Oak Island
 * Page Island
 * Pancake Island
 * Patience Island
 * Phillips Island
 * Pine Island
 * Plato Island
 * Pomham Rocks Island
 * Potato Island
 * Prudence Island
 * Rabbit Island
 * Ram Island - Kingston, Washington County
 * Ram Island - Narragansett Pier, Washington County
 * Rat Island
 * Rhode Island
 * Rock Island - East Greenwich, Kent County
 * Rock Island - Providence, Providence County
 * Rose Island
 * Rye Island
 * Sagebed Island
 * Sandy Point Island
 * Sassafras Island
 * Sauks Island - Lat. - 41.371'N/Lon. - 71.646'W, Quonochontaug, Washington County
 * Sauks Island - Lat. - 41.369'N/Lon. 71.651'W, Quonochontaug, Washington County
 * Seal Island
 * Sedge Beds
 * Shell Island
 * Skippers Island
 * Snake Island
 * Spar Island
 * Spectacle Island
 * Star Island
 * Starve Goat Island - historical
 * Stevens Island
 * Sunshine Island - historical
 * Tommy Island
 * Twin Islands
 * Walker Island
 * Ward Island
 * West Island
 * Whale Rock

Vermont

 * Ball Island
 * Beartrap Island
 * Bell Island
 * Bixby Island
 * Black Island
 * Bond Island
 * Burton Island
 * Butler Island
 * Button Island
 * Carleton Prize
 * Cave Island
 * Cedar Island - Chittenden County
 * Cedar Island - Grand Isle County
 * Cloak Island
 * Coates Island
 * Cove Island
 * Dameas Island
 * Dean Island
 * Derway Island
 * Diamond Island
 * Fish Bladder Island
 * Fox Island
 * Garden Island
 * Gardiner Island
 * Gleason Island
 * Grand Isle
 * Gull Island
 * Gull Rock
 * Halls Island
 * Hemlock Island
 * Hen Island
 * Hog Island
 * Hollands Pasture Island
 * Horseneck Island
 * Huntley Island
 * Isle La Motte
 * Juniper Island
 * Kellogg Island
 * Knight Island
 * Lapham Island
 * Law Island
 * Lazy Lady Island
 * Long Point Island
 * Marble Island
 * Mason Island
 * Meach Island
 * Metcalfe Island
 * Isla la Motte
 * Mud Island
 * Mudgett Island
 * Neshobe Island
 * Noaks Island
 * North Hero Island
 * Picket Island
 * Pine Island - Chittenden County
 * Pine Island - Grand Isle County
 * Popasquash Island
 * Providence Island
 * Province Island
 * Queneska Island
 * Rabbit Island
 * Rock Island - Addison County
 * Rock Island - Franklin County
 * Savage Island
 * Sawyer Island
 * Shad Island
 * Ship Point
 * Sister Islands
 * Sloop Island
 * South Hero Island
 * Stave Island
 * Streeter Island
 * Sunken Island
 * Sunset Island
 * Tara Island
 * Woods Island
 * Young Island


text:
Side collision

A side collision is a vehicle crash where the side of one or more vehicles is impacted. These crashes typically occur at intersections, in parking lots, and when two vehicles pass on a multi-lane roadway.

Occurrences and effects
A 2016 study found that, in the EU, side impact collisions were significantly less common than frontal impact collisions, at rates of 22-29% and 61-69% respectively. However, they tend to be much more dangerous. Another report commissioned by the EU in 2015 found that side impacts accounted for roughly 35-40% of passenger fatality and serious injury, as opposed to 55% attributed to head-on collisions. A likely contributor to this fact is the amount of protection offered by the struck vehicle. Even when equipped with the safest cars on the road, these casualties occurred at much lower speeds than in head-on collisions, with passenger fatality and serious injury typically occurring at 50 km/h (~31 mph) in side impact collisions, as opposed to 70 km/h (~43 mph) for frontal impacts. Additionally, side impacts tend to affect more vulnerable areas of the body. While front and rear impacts typically produced the most serious injuries in the lower extremities (legs and feet), side impacts typically resulted in most serious injuries in the head and chest regions.

In 2008, a total of 5,265 (22%) out of 23,888 people were killed in vehicles which were struck in the side in the United States.

For European motorcyclists, side impact is the second most frequent location of impact.

For European cyclists, thorax injuries are associated with side-impact injuries in urban areas and/or at junctions.

In several European countries, such as the UK, Sweden, and France, around one quarter of traffic injuries are produced by side collisions, but accounted for 29 to 38% of injuries which were fatal.

In European vehicle side impact, 60% of casualties were "struck side", while 40% were "non struck side", in 2018.

Fatal casualties count as 50% and 67% in UK and in France, in 2010

Also, side collision are not well managed with child restraints which are not enough taking into account the movement of the child's head and prevent contact with the car's interior.

For light vans and minibuses in 2000 in UK and Germany, between 14% and 26% of accidents with passenger cars were side impacts.

In Shanghai, in China, 23% of the 1097 serious accidents occurred between June 2005 and March 2013 are side impact accidents, there the leading collision mode, according to the Shanghai United Road Traffic Safety Scientific Research Center (SHUFO) database. The head and neck are involved in around 64% of the casualties.

Broadside or T-bone collision
Broadside collisions are where the side of one vehicle is impacted by the front or rear of another vehicle, forming a "T". In the United States and Canada this collision type is also known as a right-angle collision or T-bone collision; it is also sometimes referred to by the abbreviation "AABS" for "auto accident, broadside". Vehicle damage and occupant injury are more likely to be severe, but severity varies based on the part of the vehicle that is struck, safety features present, the speeds of both vehicles, and vehicle weight and construction.

When a vehicle is hit on the side by another vehicle, the crumple zones of the striking vehicle will absorb some of the kinetic energy of the collision. The crumple zones of the struck vehicle may also absorb some of the collision's energy, particularly if the vehicle is not struck on its passenger compartment. Both vehicles are frequently turned from their original directions of travel. If the collision is severe, the struck vehicle may be spun or rolled over, potentially causing it to strike other vehicles, objects, or pedestrians. After the collision, the involved vehicles may be stuck together by the folding of their parts around each other.

An occupant on the struck side of a vehicle may sustain far more severe injuries than an otherwise similar front or rear collision crash.

Side-impact airbags can protect vehicle occupants during side collisions, but they face the same limitations as other airbags. Additionally, side impact wrecks are more likely to involve multiple individual collisions or sudden speed changes before motion ceases. Since the airbag can only provide protection during the first collision, it may leave occupants unprotected during subsequent collisions in the crash. However, the first collision in a crash typically has the most severe forces, so an effective airbag provides maximum benefit during the most severe portion of a crash.

Broadside collisions are frequently caused by a failure to yield right of way. In the case of collisions in an intersection, the cause is often a result of one vehicle failing to obey traffic signals (fail to stop or running past a red light). As with any crash, increased speed may increase crash severity.

Testing
Euro NCAP, IIHS and NHTSA test side impacts in different ways. , they all test vehicle-to-vehicle side impacts,  where heavier vehicles have lower fatality rates than lighter vehicles.

NHTSA and Euro NCAP also test the more severe vehicle-into-pole side impacts, where smaller vehicles have the same fatality rate as larger vehicles.

Newer cars have improved safety in case of front crashes, but side impacts can also be deadly; about 9,700 people were killed in side impacts in the US in 2004.

Side airbags became mandatory in 2009 in the US, saving an estimated 1,000 lives per year. Research indicates that the vehicle's underbody is the best place to reinforce structures to reduce intrusion by the pole.

General list of side impacts
These are lists of cars with notable aspects of side impact.

List of cars after 2011
The NHTSA results are evaluated by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration using Office of Crashworthiness Standards, New Car Assessment Program (NCAP) Side Impact Laboratory Test Procedure and Side Impact Rigid Pole Laboratory Test Procedure to display a simple star-rating. The "primary purpose of the NCAP side impact program is to provide comparative vehicle side protection information to assist consumers in making vehicle purchase decisions, thereby providing an incentive for vehicle manufacturers to design safer vehicles."

The IIHS results are evaluated by Insurance Institute for Highway Safety using their protocols.

This list shows the most notable of newer tested vehicles tested via NHTSA and IIHS. Some provide good protection, some less so, and some developed improved safety in response to a low result (Dodge Ram and Fiat 500). Some are common examples of their type.

Sorted roughly by rating, Head injury criterion (HIC) and Crush.

Limits are:

Moving Deformable Barrier (MDB): HIC max. 1000, Chest injury max. 44mm, abdominal injury max. 2500 Newton, pelvis injury max. 6000 N. There are additional limits for passenger similar to pole test.

Rigid Pole: HIC max. 1000, Lower Spine acceleration max. 82g, Pelvis sum max. 5525 N

List of cars before 2011
Sorted roughly by rating.

title: Side collision


text:
Wikipedia:Collaboration of the week/Olive tree

European olive

 * Nominated on 21:20, July 23, 2005 (UTC); needs 5 votes by July 30, 3005.

Currently, much of Olive, which is supposed to be about the genus olea, discusses material that belongs either in Olive (fruit) (also in need of an overhaul, btw) or European olive.

The article is also the improper hub center of links from articles discussing both the species Olea europea (e.g. the European olive, again) and the Olea genus, generating a mess of improper wikilinks across all wikipedias. Linked articles include the French and German featured articles about that tree.

Support:
 * 1) Circeus 21:20, July 23, 2005 (UTC)


text:
Ariel Olivetti

Ariel Olivetti (born November 15, 1967) is an Argentine comic book penciller best known for his work on American comic book titles such as Daredevil, X-Man, Space Ghost and Punisher War Journal.

Career
Olivetti studied Graphic Design in college and first had his work published in the Argentine magazine Fierro.

His first work in USA was 1995's The Last Avengers Story, which was written by Peter David and published by Marvel Comics. He went on to have a brief stint as regular penciller on Marvel's Daredevil between 1997 and 1998, where he worked with writer Joe Kelly. His next major work was in 1998 when he worked with writer Steven Grant on the Warren Ellis devised "Counter X" revamp of Marvel's X-Man title. In 2005 he again collaborated with Joe Kelly on DC Comics Space Ghost limited series which revealed the character's origins for the first time.

Other titles he has worked on include Mystique and Sabretooth (1996), Alpha Flight (1997) and What If? (1997) at Marvel and JLA: Paradise Lost (1998), Haven: The Broken City (2002), Green Lantern (2003) and Batman: Legends of the Dark Knight (2006) at DC. In 1999, he collaborated with writer Mark Waid on The Kingdom (illustrating issue #1, with Mike Zeck illustrating issue #2), a sequel to Kingdom Come.

In 2006 he signed an exclusive contract with Marvel Comics and launched the second volume of Punisher War Journal with writer Matt Fraction. Olivetti did art on the first ten numbers. Other work for Marvel includes the Cable (vol. 2) ongoing series that debuted in March 2008, and more recently, Incredible Hulk, and Namor (vol. 3).

Throughout his career Olivetti has worked in different mediums, including black and white, digital color, acrylics and oils. Olivetti himself declared having been influenced by artists like Richard Corben, Simon Bisley and his fellow countryman Mauro Cascioli

In 2012 he collaborated with the comic book Hero Seeds, drawing two covers of the comics and several drawings in the same comics.

DC

 * Batman: Legends of the Dark Knight #207-211 (along with Mauro Cascioli, 2006)
 * DCU: Brave New World #1 (among other artists) (2006)
 * Elseworlds 80-Page Giant #1 (among other artists) (1999)
 * Flash, vol. 2, 80-Page Giant #1 (among other artists) (1998)
 * Future Quest Presents (Space Ghost) #1-3 (2017)
 * G.I. Combat, vol. 2, #1 (2012)
 * Haven The Broken City, miniseries, #1-9 (2002)
 * JLA (Martian Manhunter) Annual #1 (1997)
 * JLA:
 * Paradise Lost, miniseries, #1-3 (1998)
 * Primeval (1999)
 * ''JLA/Haven:
 * Arrival (2002)
 * Anathema (2002)
 * JLA Showcase 80-Page Giant #1 (among other artists) (2000)
 * The Kingdom, 2-part miniseries, #1 (1999)
 * Lobo #63-64 (1999)
 * Martian Manhunter Annual #1 (1998)
 * Space Ghost, miniseries, #1-6 (2005)
 * Superman, vol. 2, #179 (2002)
 * Superman Returns Prequel, 4-part miniseries, #1 (2006)
 * Superman Secret Files and Origins 2005 (2006)

DC / Dark Horse

 * Superman and Batman vs. Aliens and Predators, miniseries, #1-2 (2007)

Marvel

 * Alpha Flight, vol. 2, #11 (1997)
 * Cable, vol. 2, #1-15 (2008–09)
 * Daredevil (full art): #369, 371-372, 374; (among other artists): #375 (1997–98)
 * Death of the Inhumans, miniseries, #1 (2018)
 * Empyre: Captain America, miniseries, #1-3 (2020)
 * Hercules: Fall of an Avenger, miniseries, #1-2 (2010)
 * Incredible Hulk #601-605 (2009–10)
 * Iron Man 2.0 #4-5, 8 (2011)
 * Last Avengers Story, miniseries, #1-2 (1995)
 * Mystique and Sabretooth, miniseries, #1-4 (1996–97)
 * Namor, vol. 3, #1-3, 5 (2010-11)
 * Punisher War Journal, vol. 2, #1-3, 5-10 (2007)
 * Thor: Heaven & Earth, miniseries, #1 (2011)
 * Ultimate Civil War: Spider-Man, one-shot (among other artists) (2007)
 * What If? #88 (1996)
 * X-Men: Declassified #1 (among other artists) (2000)
 * X-Men Unlimited #12 (along with Steve Epting) (1996)
 * X-Man #38 (with ChrisCross); #63, 66-73 (2000–01)
 * X-Force #107 (2000)
 * X-Factor, vol. 2, #7 (2006)
 * Venom - Space Knight #1-4 (2015-16)

Other publishers

 * Brutal Nature: Concrete Fury, miniseries, #1-4 (IDW, 2017)
 * Conan and the People of the Black Circle, miniseries, #1-4 (Dark Horse, 2013-14)
 * El Cazador de Aventuras #1-65 (gone along with Jorge Lucas, Mauro Cascioli and Claudio Ramírez) (Ediciones de la Urraca - Argentina, 1992–99)
 * Fierro #?-? (Ediciones de la Urraca)
 * ICH: Naturaleza Salvaje (Yermo Ediciones, 2016)

title: Ariel Olivetti


text:
Talk:Talaat Pasha

Move request
A move request possibly affecting this page has been opened at Talk:Assassination of Talat Pasha. Srnec (talk) 03:22, 12 June 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Talaat Pasha


text:
Guðbrandur Vigfússon

Guðbrandur Vigfússon, known in English as Gudbrand Vigfusson, (13 March 1827 – 31 January 1889 ) was one of the foremost Scandinavian scholars of the 19th century.

Life
He was born of an Icelandic family in Breiðafjörður. He was brought up, until he went to a tutor's, by his kinswoman Kristín Vigfússdóttir, to whom, he records, he owed not only that he became a man of letters but almost everything. He was sent to the old school at Bessastaðir and (when it moved there) at Reykjavík. In 1849, already a fair scholar, he came to Copenhagen University in the Regense College, where as an Icelander he received four-years free boarding under the Garðsvist system.

After his student course, he was appointed stipendiarius by the Arna-Magnaean trustees, and worked for fourteen years in the Arna-Magnaean Library until, as he said, he knew every scrap of old vellum and of Icelandic written paper in that whole collection.

In 1866, he settled in Oxford, which he made his home for the rest of his life. He held the office of Reader in Scandinavian at Oxford University (a post created for him) from 1884 until his death. He was made a Jubilee Doctor of Uppsala in 1877, and received the Danish order of the Dannebrog in 1885.

Guðbrandur died of cancer on 31 January 1889. He was buried in St. Sepulchre's Cemetery, Oxford, on 3 February 1889.

Work
He was an excellent judge of literature, reading most European languages well and being acquainted with their classics. His memory was remarkable, and if the Eddic poems had ever been lost, he could have written them all down from memory. He spoke English well, with a strong Icelandic accent. He wrote a beautiful, distinctive and clear hand, in spite of (or because of) the thousands of lines of manuscript copying he had done in his early life.

His Tímatal (written between October 1854 and April 1855) laid the foundations for the chronology of Icelandic history. His editions of Icelandic classics (1858–1868), Biskupa sögur, Bárðar Saga, Fornsögur (with Mobius), Eyrbyggia Saga and Flateyjarbók (with Carl Rikard Unger) opened a new era of Icelandic scholarship. They can be compared to the Rolls Series editions of chronicles by William Stubbs, for the interest and value of their prefaces and texts.

He spent the seven years 1866–1873 on the Oxford Icelandic-English Dictionary, often denoted by the shorthand "Cleasby-Vigfusson", the best guide to classic Icelandic, and a monumental example of single-handed work. The end-product was more a product of Guðbrandur Vigfússon's undertaking than Cleasby's, and is characterized as his most important legacy.

His later series of editions (1874–1885) included Orkneyinga Saga and Hákonar Saga, the great and complex mass of Icelandic historical sagas known as Sturlunga, and the Corpus Poeticum Boreale, in which he edited the entire body of classic Scandinavian poetry. As an introduction to the Sturlunga, he wrote a complete, concise history of the classic Northern literature and its sources. In the introduction to the Corpus, he laid the foundations of a critical history of the Eddic poetry and Court poetry of the North in a series of well-supported theories.

His little Icelandic Prose Reader (with F. York Powell) (1879) furnishes a path to a sound knowledge of Icelandic. The Grimm Centenary (1886) gives good examples of the range of his historic work, while his Appendix on Icelandic currency to Sir G. W. Dasent's Burnt Njal is a methodical investigation into an intricate subject.

As a writer in his own tongue, he once gained a high position by his Relations of Travel in Norway and South Germany. In English, as his Visit to Grimm and his powerful letters to The Times show, he had attained no mean skill. His life is mainly a record of well-directed and efficient labor in Denmark and Oxford.

Literature

 * Hans Fix: Gudbrand Vigfusson, Hugo Gering, and German Scholarship: Or, A Friendship Destroyed. in Frederic Amory in Memoriam. Old Norse-Icelandic Studies, edd. John Lindow & George Clark. Berkeley - Los Angeles: North Pinehurst Press 2015, S. 269–302. ISBN 978-0692520161

title: Guðbrandur Vigfússon


text:
Talk:Sarah Vowell

Why do you care?
Why would someone's sexuality matter? Why do you care? Sarah is a gifted story teller and has enriched our lives with her writing. Questioning her her sexuality is offensive and none of our business. Concern yourself with who you share your bed with and leave everyone else alone. Deal?

 * Is the reason why someone cares about the information they seek relevant to its inclusion or exclusion? There are many facts about individuals chronicled in encyclopedias which are personal or embarassing in nature. Why censor information, if it's available and public? And if you're willing to censor some personal issues, why not censor the entire article, or at least seek explicit approval for each tidbit of information from the subject?

 * e.g., "Vowell lives in New York City, cannot swim, is afraid of heights, and does not drive a car. She usually enlists the aid of her friends and family to drive her to plaques and graves when doing research. She also suffers from celiac disease, in which the body has an allergy to gluten." - how is this any of your business, or relevant to Vowell's work? Shouldn't it be deleted, then? 71.131.209.170 10:54, 1 November 2005 (UTC)

I find this discussion interesting after viewing her on the Daily Show in which she had a pronounced lisp. Seriously, no mention of her speech impediment? That's got to be at least as impactful on her life as a public speaker as who she chooses to stimulate to orgasm... — Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.222.103.147 (talk) 08:11, 19 November 2011 (UTC)

I agree
I don't see any reason why her sexual orientation would be of circumstance unless it plays a major role in her public life (i.e. being an advocate of gay rights).--Klestrob44 20:42, 2 August 2005 (UTC)

 * i should hope that she isn't. i think i'm madly in love with her. (unsigned comment)

I agree with the above comments. I think she's just private about her personal life. I know that for a lot of the current group of autobiographical writers/essayists (cf. David Sedaris, David Rakoff, Ira Glass, Dave Eggers) that there's a certain threshold they do not cross in discussing their private lives, even though those very same lives are the ones that fuel their work.

That said, I do believe she is straight. I recall an article she wrote that appeared in The Stranger a few years ago in which she mentioned an ex-boyfriend who was obsessed w/ the band XTC. In Take the Cannoli she mentioned sharing a house with a boyfriend in college. Also in the TAL program "Invisible Worlds" (one of the best ones I've heard, by the way) she has a short vignette in which she describes wanting to have a relationship w/ a guy she's talking to at a coffee shop but realizing that such a thing is impossible because he's a libertarian. But I don't think any of this is important to mention in the article. Her sexuality is fairly inconsequential to her body of work thus far.

Apart from all of this, I don't mind that she doesn't mention her sex/relationship life at all. It is how I'm able to fuel improbable daydreams about her. ;) Melvillean 01:20, 22 November 2005 (UTC)

 * She mentions boyfriends in several of her writings, so it does look like she is straight. But since Sarah has chosen to keep that aspect of her life private, it is irrelevant to an encyclopedic discussion of her, which should focus on her career.Sandmaster 05:51, 22 September 2006 (UTC)

So true
Sometimes its best not to know everything about a celebrity who you like. All I can say is that she has an amazing voice. Piercetp

 * Amen! God I love that voice!  Her, David Sedaris and Jonathan Goldstein form a holy trinity of This American Life contributors.  Reading her stuff is so much more enjoyable when you have the nasally twang of her voice in rattling around in your imagination.  Funkyj 20:44, 5 June 2006 (UTC)

Capote
I just saw the film this weekend and noticed she was thanked in the final credits. Does anyone know her connection with that film? Piercetp

The director of Capote is a good friend. He is mentioned and acknowledged in some of her books. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.181.176.74 (talk) 17:22, 2 October 2008 (UTC)

Pronunciation
Is the first syllable of Ms. Vowell's last name pronounced so as to rhyme with "now" or with "so"?

 * The name "Vowell" is pronounced as in 'not a consonant,' at least by Sarah. I pulled out my Incredibles DVD and watched the Vowellet video essay to be sure, and she introduces herself in the first few moments.  Wyvern 03:03, 6 September 2006 (UTC)

This article on Sarah Vowell seems like it is written by her, to promote herself. The information is way to personal and lame.

 * and apparently YOU are too lame to use the correct form of the word "too." If you don't like her, why don't you simply not read about her, instead of taking the time to comment? BTW, so what if she DID write it - self-promotion is no crime. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 209.195.158.187 (talk) 18:34, 29 November 2007 (UTC)

 * She's proud of being lame. I'd stalk her if I could summon the energy. --Vlvtelvis (talk) 07:15, 26 December 2007 (UTC)

Moving 'External Links' into article
It seems like several of the links (especially to articles) could be moved into the main article and turned into citations. Just a suggestion for anyone with the writing talent who feels bold. Dp76764 (talk) 23:28, 8 October 2008 (UTC)

Suffers from?
I question the language of the statement that she "suffers from celiac sprue." Do we know she suffers because of it? Can't she just have it without "suffering" from it? I think it shows a bias people often have when discussing a health condition or disability that they don't have. Maybe instead it could read: She has celiac sprue, an auto-immune disorder caused by a reaction to gluten. Beatitudes77 (talk) 16:19, 29 October 2008 (UTC)

 * I agree. My question is, why don't people just change things if they feel this way instead of leaving a comment here? Wikipedia is an open encyclopedia which is what makes it so amazing.  Tgpaul58 (talk) 14:24, 3 June 2009 (UTC)

Bad ref
http://www.avclub.com/articles/is-there-a-god,1413/ Is a bad reference. Many of the people polled were joking (take for instane, Conan O'Brian, a devout Roman Catholic), so it is hard to know who was kidding or who wasn't kidding. I'll remove it. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 74.5.110.177 (talk) 02:41, 10 June 2009 (UTC)

 * I put in a better reference, an article she herself wrote in the New York Times, where she declares "Because I am a culturally Christian atheist..." David Shaw (talk) 19:02, 9 October 2009 (UTC)
 * I've added this ref to the article now.98.210.164.198 (talk) 02:17, 4 July 2015 (UTC)

Trail of Tears date
The "Trail of Tears" story on This American Life was July 3, 1998 -- not July 4. http://www.thisamericanlife.org/radio-archives/episode/107/trail-of-tears Cjsummers (talk) 02:20, 21 December 2011 (UTC)

Request for Comments
There is an RfC on the question of using "Religion: None" vs. "Religion: None (atheist)" in the infobox on this and other similar pages.

The RfC is at Template talk:Infobox person.

Please help us determine consensus on this issue. --Guy Macon (talk) 03:34, 23 April 2015 (UTC)

Unfamiliar fishes section
In chronicling Vowell's writing, the part on Unfamiliar Fishes stands out from the rest in its negativity. While the criticisms are well referenced, and legitimate information to share, I am not certain they belong in this article about Vowell. Also, while they come from respected publications, there is nothing to indicate if they are representative of the work's reception.

I suggest that a separate page on this work be set up to provide ingormation  specific to it, and that reviews be included there with greater context. Ignatios2000 (talk) 18:06, 9 January 2016 (UTC)

 * I agree and since no one else has chimed in in nearly 3 years, I'm going to revise that portion (in Career/Published Works) in order to shorten the negative reviews and include a positive one from the book's wiki page. El duderino (abides) 01:08, 25 December 2018 (UTC)

 * How can this issue have been addressed, and the wholesale lack of sourcing in the article not been addressed? How, absent sourcing, can anyone claim to have presented a fair and accurate assessment of the critical response to this or any of her books? This article is a mockery of WP encyclopedic standards, and editors should be calling it what it is. 2601:246:C700:19D:E9FE:616:59EA:AE2F (talk) 06:03, 19 February 2020 (UTC)

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Question
Is she the oldest person to ever portray a teenager in any form of media? If so, then I think it should be worth mentioning on her page. Tyler Michael Mannix (talk) 01:06, 7 June 2018 (UTC)

Article violates WP:OR and WP:VERIFY
As noted throughout, this article flaunts the guidelines and policies of the encyclopedia, constantly presenting personal knowledge without sources. It is among the worst articles we have ever seen here, and it is unusable in any teaching setting. 2601:246:C700:19D:E9FE:616:59EA:AE2F (talk) 04:13, 19 February 2020 (UTC)
 * Add to this the need for a lead rewrite, because the lead repeatedly introduces new material rather than summarizing the contents of the article. Specifically, the phrases/words "historian", "social observer," "contributing editor", "1996 to 2008", and "toured", etc., do not appear in the main body and/or are not supported there by citations. Note, the lead rewrite tag was chosen because it allows for explanation, and both and  tags apply, as much information is newly appearing, and some summary content is omitted. 2601:246:C700:19D:E9FE:616:59EA:AE2F (talk) 05:59, 19 February 2020 (UTC)

Overtagging in article
I'm removing some of the tags because the article was overtagged to the point where it was unreadable. Please see WP:Tagging pages for problems and WP:OVERTAGGING.

If a sentence has "citation needed" at the end, then each fact in the sentence does not also need "citation needed" added to it - I have removed these additional citations needed. Some of the tags also did not have explanations added on the tag or talk page (such as the "When" tags added to general statements that do not necessarily need a time period specified), and others were repetitive or redundant and have been combined or removed. - Whisperjanes (talk) 06:43, 29 July 2020 (UTC)

Native American identity
Her claimed Native American heritage is 1/128th or 0.78% as stated in the This American Life transcript. If she is not a registered member of a nation or tribal government I think the classification of subject of this article as Native American should be removed.

title: Talk:Sarah Vowell


text:
Allen Jones (Continental Congress)

Allen Jones (December 24, 1739 – November 10, 1798) was an American planter, American Revolution brigadier general of the Halifax District Brigade, and statesman from Edgecombe County, North Carolina.

Early life
Allen Jones was born in Edgecombe County, North Carolina (later Halifax County), in the Province of North Carolina. He attended Eton College in England.

Profession
After returning to the colony, he was a member of the Province of North Carolina House of Burgesses between 1773 and 1775 and delegate to the five North Carolina Provincial Congresses (1774–1776), serving as vice-president in the Fourth Provincial Congress.

Jones served in the military throughout the American Revolutionary War (1775–83).
 * Colonel over the Northampton County Regiment of Militia (1775–1776)
 * Brigadier General over the Halifax District Brigade of North Carolina militia (1776–1783)

He also served in the State senate 1777 to 1779, 1783, 1784, and 1787; and as a Member of the Continental Congress in 1779 and 1780. Jones was a delegate at the state convention that rejected the proposed Constitution of the United States at Halifax, in 1788.

He was the older brother of Congressman Willie (pronounced Wylie) Jones, a leader in neighboring Halifax County. Together they were the source of the Jones surname adopted by the Scottish American naval hero during the Revolutionary War, John Paul Jones — whose birth-surname was Paul. Allen Jones was also the father-in-law of North Carolina Governor and Constitutional Convention delegate William Richardson Davie.

Death
Allen Jones died on his plantation, Mount Gallant, near Roanoke Rapids, Northampton County, North Carolina, on November 10, 1798. Interment was in the private burial ground on his estate.

title: Allen Jones (Continental Congress)


text:
Jack Bamford

John Bamford GC (7 March 1937 – 2 November 2023), known as Jack Bamford, was the youngest person at age 15 to have been directly awarded the George Cross, for rescuing his two younger brothers from their upstairs bedroom during a fire at their family home. His George Cross award was announced in December 1952. In March 1953, Bamford travelled to Buckingham Palace to receive his award from Queen Elizabeth.

Bamford lived quietly after his brief brush with fame, owning and operating a vehicle breakers business for over thirty years. He died on 2 November 2023 at the age of 86.

Background
John Bamford was born in Ilkeston on 7 March 1937, the second of six children of John and Rachel Bamford. His father was a coal-miner, and Bamford quit school at age 15 to work alongside him at the Moorgreen Colliery, as a belt maintenance assistant.

On 19 October 1952, Bamford rescued his two younger brothers from their upstairs bedroom when a fire occurred during the night at their home in Newthorpe. He spent several weeks in an intensive care unit with severe burns to his face, neck, chest, stomach, back, arms and hands. His George Cross was announced on 16 December 1952, with Bamford receiving notification days earlier via a letter, while he was still in the hospital. On 10 March 1953, Bamford travelled to Buckingham Palace to receive his award from Queen Elizabeth.

In 1959, he moved to Awsworth, where he owned and operated a vehicle breakers business. Upon his retirement in 1993, he then moved to Land's End. In 2011, he loaned his award to be put on display at the Imperial War Museum in London, quoted in the Nottingham Post, as saying: "It is better on display there than being hidden away." In 2022, he was invited to the funeral of Queen Elizabeth. Bamford died on 2 November 2023, at the age of 86.

Record loss
In 1971 the Albert Medal and Edward Medal became eligible for exchange for a GC, and Bamford lost his record as the youngest recipient to David Western, who had been awarded the Albert Medal in 1948 at the age of 11. Bamford remains the youngest recipient to be awarded the George Cross directly.

Citation
"A fire broke out in a house occupied by a man, his wife and six children, and in a very short time was burning fiercely. John and his father went downstairs and upon opening the living room door at the foot of the stairs the interior of the room burst into flames. Owing to the intense heat they were unable to get back upstairs to the rest of the family. They ran out through the front door, climbed on to the top of a bay window which gave access to a bedroom, opened the window and helped three of the children and the mother on to the flat roof. John Bamford and his father then climbed into the bedroom where they could hear the two remaining children, aged 4 and 6, shouting in the back bedroom, situated immediately above the seat of the fire. The bedroom doors at the head of the stairs were enveloped by flames. The father draped a blanket around himself and attempted to reach the children but the blanket caught fire and he was driven back. John Bamford then told his father to go to the back of the house while he got down on his hands and knees and crawled through the flames into the bedroom.

His shirt was completely burned upon him but nevertheless he snatched the two young boys from the bed and managed to get them to the window. He dropped the younger boy from the window into his father's arms but the elder boy struggled from his grasp. Bamford could then have got out himself but he left the window and chased the screaming child through the flames across the room. He eventually managed to catch him and throw him from the window.

By this time John Bamford was fast losing consciousness. He was terribly burned on the face, neck, chest, back, arms and hands but he managed to get one leg over the window sill and then fell to the ground.

John Bamford displayed courage of the highest order, and in spite of excruciating pain succeeded in rescuing his two brothers."

title: Jack Bamford


text:
Talk:Joseph Goguen

Vote for Deletion
This article survived a Vote for Deletion. The discussion can be found here. Cleanup was requested. -Splash 21:17, 23 July 2005 (UTC)

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Talk:Southern Partisan

Southern Partisan Still Exists
Friend of mine is a subscriber. He received a copy a few weeks ago (July 2006). They are, however, notorious on being late in publication. His most recent issue was dated January 2006. According to my friend, they have been as far as two years behind at times.

 * Southern Partisan is available by subscription and limited newstands, though only published 6 times a year. The wikihounds' obsessive demands for constant web-based sourcing requires ignoring a wealth of credible, documented information.  It's also interesting how the wikihounds select which articles to apply such strict sourcing requirements to.  There are entire articles without footnotes, yet editors with pet areas demand web-based footnotes for every individual statement in some articles. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by De orco (talk • contribs) 00:17, 8 May 2007 (UTC).

Defunct?
I can't see any sign that this magazine is still published. All of the internet links I can find go to dead ends.-Willmcw 21:17, July 23, 2005 (UTC)

 * Not all magazines have a website. Absent any direct evidence that they've gone out of business, you have no grounds to declare them defunct. Rangerdude 22:56, 23 July 2005 (UTC)

 * They used to have a website, now it's gone. If they'd never had one to begin with that would be different. I'm having trouble finding any mention of them anywhere in the last couple of years. -Willmcw 23:04, July 23, 2005 (UTC)

 * Whether you can find them or not in recent years, the lack of a website alone is not sufficient to support your conclusion. Find a valid source stating conclusively that they're no longer in business, or else no basis or source exists to make the change. Regarding Sebesta, "anti-neo-confederate watchdog" are the words he uses to describe himself. Quoting his own self description is not an ad hominem in any reasonable sense of the term. Rangerdude 23:47, 23 July 2005 (UTC)

 * I found one entry in a Usenet group that refers in 2005 to a "recent" issue. I guess they're just small. Funny that even their address isn't on the web.
 * Regarding Sebesta, his full description is on his page. I don't see what giving his city of residence adds to this article. Why are you adding it? I've noted that in other articles, like Sheila Jackson Lee you objected to any characterization of critics. -Willmcw 00:04, July 24, 2005 (UTC)

 * Describing the Houston Press as a "free paper" and its author as a "gossip" column is simply not germane to the citation. The latter term in itself and the former term in its use appear to have been added for no other reason than to convey a pejorative upon the Houston Press as a source - which constitutes a POV ad hominem, since neither piece of information has any bearing on whether or not the story occurred. Please remove these POV edits. Rangerdude 22:48, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Last I checked, Sebesta wasn't a self-evident newspaper and nobody was calling him a gossip columnist. Per your own additions to untold dozens of articles, it seems pretty standard that when an individual is quoted by name a brief neutral identifier of who that individual is and/or his or her affiliation should be included. Seeing as Sebesta isn't really a member of any group aside from his own, calling him what he calls himself is about the most accurate and neutral way to do this. Of course the real question here is why you object so much to calling Sebesta what he calls himself...Rangerdude 00:39, 24 July 2005 (UTC)
 * So you won't mind if I add those back to Sheila Jackson Lee? -Willmcw 08:11, July 24, 2005 (UTC)

 * Sheila Jackson Lee has nothing to do with this article (though your habitually disruptive behavior on wikipedia does per WP:POINT). That said, the question still remains: why do you object so much to calling Sebesta what he calls himself? Rangerdude 17:44, 24 July 2005 (UTC)

 * I'm just checkig on whether this is a consistent policy that you're talkling about or just an expedient. Why did you remove the quote from the NYT? It totally refutes the contention about the article that you are making. Regarding your introduction/summary, we can't say what the controversy is "due to". If you want to say that there is a controversy, fine. -Willmcw 22:50, July 24, 2005 (UTC)

 * I removed the out of context NYT quote you included because you misrepresented it as a position by the Times that "agrees" with all your critics when in fact the Times took no such position. They simply reported a summary of some of SOuthern Partisan's views on slavery, which were accurately represented in the NPOV sentence I replaced it with. As to identifying the controversy, simply saying that there is a controversy without stating what it is over (e.g. the magazine's political conservatism and southern view of the war) is silly, especially when subsequent passages detail the very same things that are summarized! Gripes such as these are plainly disruptive and little more. Rangerdude 05:38, 25 July 2005 (UTC)

 * They didn't report a summary, they quoted bizarrely positive views of slavery, which you deleted. Don't lecture me on NPOV. -Willmcw 06:34, July 25, 2005 (UTC)

 * "bizarrely positive" is your characterization of the quote. The NYT only identified them as unconventional among historians and passed no judgment either way on them beyond stating that the magazine generally avoids slavery and views the war to be caused by other things. You attempted to ascribe a position to the NYT that it did not take in the article by purporting them to be in agreement with your cherrypicked critics, thus artificially bolstering your critics' POV. That violates NPOV in addition to being factually inaccurate. Rangerdude 06:50, 25 July 2005 (UTC)

HI, Can you guys please tell me where you got the source that says Donald Davidson's quote is on the masthead of Southern Partisan? I really need that for a research paper I am writing. Or could you direct me to a place where I could get a copy of the Southern Partisan with that quote on it. I really need a source for that information and wikipedia is not a reliable source, unfortunately. Thank You, Hannah —Preceding unsigned comment added by 75.111.50.225 (talk) 06:17, 2 November 2007 (UTC)

The NYT really this stupid?
Quote from this page: "According to the Times, it is also socially conservative as evidenced by a 1999 editorial denouncing the Miami Herald's coverage of gay issues."

Would the NYT really say something so moronic? Would it really label an ENTIRE MAGAZINE based on a SINGLE EDITORIAL?

It's not sourced...should this bizzare statement be removed? —Preceding unsigned comment added by Ynot4tony (talk • contribs) 19:57, 29 April 2008 (UTC)

title: Talk:Southern Partisan


text:
User:Mozart2005

Hello and welcome to my user page.

title: User:Mozart2005


text:
Talk:Arillus

Is there any difference between an arillus and an aril? -phma 21:18, 23 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Not that I know of, maybe there is a subtle difference in usage. Brya 11:19, 27 September 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Arillus


text:
Microscopic polyangiitis

Microscopic polyangiitis is an autoimmune disease characterized by a systemic, pauci-immune, necrotizing, small-vessel vasculitis without clinical or pathological evidence of granulomatous inflammation.

Signs and symptoms
Clinical features may include constitutional symptoms like fever, arthralgia, myalgia, loss of appetite, weight loss and fatigue. A variety of organs can be affected, which causes a wide range of symptoms such as cough, shortness of breath, hemoptysis (coughing up of blood), symptoms of kidney failure, skin manifestations (palpable purpura and livedo racemosa ), seizures or peripheral neuropathy, abdominal pain

The kidneys are affected in up to 80% of cases with signs of blood and protein in the urine and the injury can lead to either rapidly or slowly progressive kidney failure. The lungs are affected in 20-50% of cases with findings of pulmonary hemorrhage, or chronic pulmonary fibrosis leading to respiratory failure.

Causes
While the mechanism of the disease has yet to be fully elucidated, the leading hypothesis is that AAV (ANCA Associated Vasculitis) develops in patients with a genetic predisposition when an unknown cause triggers the production of p-ANCA. These antibodies will circulate at low levels until an environmental trigger—such as infection, malignancy, or drug therapy, causes the upregulation of neutrophils. The neutrophils bind to p-ANCAs and subsequently release inflammatory cytokines, reactive oxygen species and lytic enzymes that cause endothelial injury resulting to inflammation and necrosis of the small vessels. The damage that is caused in the kidneys is specifically called necrotizing and crescentic glomerulonephritis.

Diagnosis
Laboratory tests may reveal an increased sedimentation rate, elevated CRP and anemia. Kidney impairment will result to elevated creatinine in the blood and the detection of protein and red blood cells in the urine.

An important diagnostic test is the presence of perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (p-ANCA) with myeloperoxidase specificity (a constituent of neutrophil granules)

Depending on which organ is affected special tests can be performed, such as renal biopsy in patients with kidney failure or electromyography in patients with peripheral neuropathy

Differential diagnosis
The signs and symptoms of microscopic polyangiitis may resemble those of granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) (another form of small-vessel vasculitis) but typically lacks the significant upper respiratory tract involvement (e.g., sinusitis) frequently seen in people affected by GPA.

Treatment
Immunsuppressive treatment is the gold standard management in order to achieve remission of the blood vessel inflammation that occurs in active microscopic polyangitis. The current immunosuppressive protocols consists of a combination of high dose of glucocorticoids in combination with either cyclophosphamide or Rituximab. In cases of life threatening disease treatment with plasmapheresis can also be applied.

The immunosuppressive treatment is slowly tapered down under a period of several months but there is at the moment no consensus about the total duration of the therapy. Discontinuation of immunosuppression can be related to increased risk for disease flares.

title: Microscopic polyangiitis


text:
Anthony Hamilton

Anthony or Antony Hamilton may refer to:

 * Anthony Hamilton (died 1719), Irish classical author, of aristocratic Scottish ancestry, who lived in France where he was known as Antoine Hamilton
 * Anthony Hamilton (Archdeacon of Colchester) (1739–1812), English priest who served as both Archdeacon of London and Archdeacon of Colchester
 * Anthony Hamilton-Smith, 3rd Baron Colwyn (born 1942), English peer, legislator and dental surgeon
 * Anthony Hamilton (born 1943), American musician and poet, of The Watts Prophets
 * Antony Hamilton (1952–1995), Australian actor, model and dancer
 * Anthony Hamilton (born 1956), Grenada-born British racing-car manager, father and former manager of Lewis Hamilton
 * Anthony Hamilton (athlete) (born 1969), British Paralympic athlete
 * Anthony Hamilton (musician) (born 1971), American R&B/soul singer-songwriter and record producer
 * Anthony Hamilton (snooker player) (born 1971), English snooker player
 * Anthony Hamilton (fighter) (born 1980), American mixed martial artist
 * Anthony Hamilton (soccer) (born 1985), American soccer player
 * Anthony Hamilton (archdeacon of Taunton) (1778–1851)

title: Anthony Hamilton


text:
Ballymena Showgrounds

The Ballymena Showgrounds is a football stadium in Ballymena, County Antrim, Northern Ireland. It is home to Ballymena United F.C. and Ballymena United Women F.C. It is owned by Mid and East Antrim Borough Council. In addition to men's football a variety of other sports and events are held at the stadium and surrounding facilities, including women's association football, field hockey, and, formerly, stock car racing.

The stadium was redeveloped in 2001 at a cost of £30m. This reconstruction included the building of a new stand and new dressing room facilities. In 2010 the Warden Street stand was redeveloped to all-seater standard with a new capacity of 2,200 seats. The stadium now holds 4,100 spectators, but is limited to 3,600 due to health and safety.

Main Stadium
Home to Ballymena United

New Stand
The New Stand replaced the old 'Clock Stand' which ran parallel to the side of the pitch and was knocked down in 2001, in preparation for the new construction. The stand incorporates approximately sixteen changing rooms, offices and bars - as well as press and corporate facilities.

The first game it was open to the public was an Ulster Cup tie against Carrick Rangers in August 2002; however was officially unveiled a month later with the glamour friendly with Bolton Wanderers.

Home supporters are situated in this stand, as they use the turnstiles at the social club to enter the ground.

The stand cost £3million pounds to build, and as yet has not been officially named despite prolonged debate by the council who have recently proposed selling the naming rights to local businesses, although the fans thoughts that the 'New Stand' should be renamed 'The Norman McBurney Stand' after the Ballymena born owner of haulage company McBurney Transport.

Warden Street Stand
It cost £250,000 to construct and was used for the first time in a 2–0 defeat in a Tyler Cup game against Shamrock Rovers in July, 1980.

The stand, which is now used to hold visiting supporters has a seating capacity of just over 1,200. The stand was used to house the home supporters until the opening of the new grandstand in 2002.

In front of the stand is terracing which can hold around 2,000 standing spectators. The dug-outs also sit in front of this stand.

United's PA Announcer - Davy "Kingo" King can be found in this stand, as when he's not covering games live for local radio station - SevenFM from the old press box, he's playing his unique collection of records over the tannoy.

It has been revealed that there has been announcements that the stand is going to be completely refurbished to bring its seating capacity up to 2,200, the work shall commence on 14 January 2010 in which the terracing shall be removed and replaced by seating the roof shall also be replaced and the seats replaced.

This work has now been completed and the new stand was first used in a 3–1 home victory for Ballymena United F.C over Portadown F.C on 16 October 2010.

Security Tower
With aid of grants from the Sports Council, Ballymena United have erected a security control tower which will be used by the police and United stewards to monitor behaviour at the Showgrounds.

Pitch Three
Home to Northend United Youth FC. Probably the best youth academy in the borough.

Pitch 6
Home to Carniny Amateur and Youth FC Football Development Centre http://www.carninyyouthfc.co.uk

Home to Ballymena United FC Youth Academy Football Development Centre

Pitch 7
Home to Carniny Youth FC NIBFA National League Teams and Carniny Amateurs II, Ballymena and Provincial Junior Div 2 team.

Stock car racing
Up until 2019 Stock car racing was run at Ballymena on select Friday evenings from Good Friday until the end of September, with many Championship races taking place throughout the season including hosting the Stock rod Championship of the World on multiple occasions.

Racing at the track was originally promoted by hot rod driver Ernie Kilpatrick and Robert Mathers in 1977. At that time it was the third stock car track in Northern Ireland, the other two being Aghadowey Oval and Shamrock Park in Portadown. In 2007 the Raceway celebrated its 30th anniversary which featured a celebratory race meeting featuring many famous retired drivers, along with guest drivers from other forms of motorsport, most notably FIA World Rally Championship driver Kris Meeke who tried his hand at racing a National Hot Rod.

In 2019 racing at the venue ceased due to dwindling attendance and complaints from the football club about damage to the pitch caused by racing.

title: Ballymena Showgrounds


text:
User:Supersaiyanplough/beko

the following determines the copyright status of the images Image:Dumbledore's_Army.jpg and Image:Marietta sneak.JPG.

---

please can I have your permission to use two of your images ("DA.jpg" and "sneak.jpg" on http://en.wikipedia.org, the free-content encyclopedia that anyone can edit? It would be very helpful if you say yes, and i thought i would be polite by asking you.

Thankyou in advance!

Supersaiyanplough (http://en.wikipedia.org/User:Supersaiyanplough)

---

Hi Thomas,

Well yes, it was polite to ask first ^___^ First of all, let me tell you I'm very happy you liked my art so much you want to host it on your site!!

As to using my pictures, I'm not strictly against your reusing them, however I would like you to use a "copyrighted" version (when displaying my art on my own homepage, I don't insist on it, but when other sites host my pics, I'd rather there is my copyright mentioned on them somewhere)

Since I'm at my granny's place at the moment who doesn't have a computer (I'm at an internet cafe right now), I'd kindly ask you to wait one week until I'm back home, I'll send you coptright-versions of my pics then.

Or else you put "www.geocities.com/point_less_stuff" on them somewhere in reasonably sized letters yourself - then however I'd ask you to please show them to me before you display them, so I can say whether it's ok.

Thank you and sorry for the trouble, but that's really important to me, Greetings, beko

title: User:Supersaiyanplough/beko


text:
Glazed architectural terra-cotta

Glazed architectural terra cotta is a ceramic masonry building material used as a decorative skin. It featured widely in the 'terracotta revival' from the 1880s until the 1930s. It was used in the UK, United States, Canada and Australia and is still one of the most common building materials found in U.S. urban environments. It is the glazed version of architectural terracotta; the material in both its glazed and unglazed versions is sturdy and relatively inexpensive, and can be molded into richly ornamented detail. Glazed terra-cotta played a significant role in architectural styles such as the Chicago School and Beaux-Arts architecture.

History
The material, also known in Great Britain as faience and sometimes referred to as "architectural ceramics", in the USA was closely associated with the work of Cass Gilbert, Louis Sullivan, and Daniel H. Burnham, among other architects. Buildings incorporating glazed terra-cotta include the Woolworth Building in New York City and the Wrigley Building in Chicago.

Glazed architectural terra-cotta offered a modular, varied and relatively inexpensive approach to wall and floor construction. It was particularly adaptable to vigorous and rich ornamental detailing. It was created by Luca della Robbia (1400–1482), and was used in most of his works.

Terra-cotta is an enriched molded clay brick or block. It was usually hollow cast in blocks which were open in the back, with internal stiffeners called webbing, substantially strengthening the hollow blocks with minimal weight increase. The blocks were finished with a glaze, with a clay wash or an aqueous solution of metal salts, before firing. Late 19th century advertising for the material promoted the durable, impervious and adaptable nature of glazed architectural terra-cotta. It could accommodate subtle nuances of modeling, texture and color. Compared with stone, it was easier to handle, quickly set and lower cost. The cost of producing the blocks, when compared to carving stone, was a considerable saving, especially when casts were used in a modular fashion—that is, used repeatedly. It never needed paint, and periodic washings restored its appearance.

Usage
Variations in the color and pattern of the glaze could make it look like granite or limestone; this flexibility helped make it attractive for architects.

Four major types of terra-cotta were widely used
 * 1) Brownstone was the earliest type.  A dark red or brown block which was not necessarily glazed, it was used as imitation sandstone, brick or with real brownstone and associated with the architectural styles of Richard Upjohn, James Renwick Jr., H. H. Richardson.
 * 2) Fireproof was developed as a direct result of the growth of the high rise building in America. Cheap, light and fireproof, the rough-finished hollow blocks were ideally suited to span the I-beam members in floor, wall and ceiling construction.  Certain varieties are still in production today.
 * 3) Veneer was developed during the 1930s and is still used today. Unlike traditional architectural terra-cotta, ceramic veneer is not hollow cast.  It is a veneer of glazed ceramic tile which is ribbed on the back like bathroom tile and usually attached to a grid of metal ties which have been anchored to the building.
 * 4) Glazed architectural terra-cotta was the most complex building material developed. The hollow units were hand cast in molds or carved in clay and heavily glazed, then fired. This is the terra-cotta associated with the architecture of Cass Gilbert, Louis Sullivan and Daniel H. Burnham.

Use in the United States
The American Terra Cotta Corporation, founded in 1881, operated for eighty-five years in the little town of Terra Cotta in the heart of Illinois dairy country (near Crystal Lake, Illinois). The company fabricated architectural terra cotta for more than 8,000 buildings throughout the U.S. and Canada. It was the last exclusive manufacturer of architectural terra cotta by the time it ceased production in 1966. From its founding, in time to rebuild the fire-ravished city of Chicago, until its closing, it was the major producer of architectural glazed terra cotta in North America.

Guastavino tile was used in many places, including the Bridgemarket under the Manhattan side of the Queensboro Bridge.

 * Illinois examples

Use in Canada
Although glazed terra-cotta was much more common in the US, it was used in central Canada starting around 1900, on many of the area's first skyscrapers. The glazed terra-cotta used in central Canada was usually imported from the US or England.

Use in Great Britain
From around 1880 unglazed terra-cotta was supplanted by the glazed version - faience, and glazed brick - which were easily cleaned, and not blackened by city smoke. A prominent producer was Burmantofts Pottery in Leeds, which also exported to Paris and Montreal.

Use in Australia
Faience was popularised in Melbourne in the 1920s by architects such as Harry Norris. One of the leading commercial architects of the time in the city, Norris was strongly influenced by trends in American architecture and used faience on projects such as the Nicholas Building and the Kellow Falkiner Showrooms (a 1928 car showroom) in South Yarra. In Sydney, it featured on notable buildings such as BMA House, designed by Joseph Charles Fowell. Australian-made tiles were available from Wunderlich Tiles, a company founded by London-born Frederick Wunderlich.

External links and sources

 * National Park Service.gov: The Preservation of Historic Glazed Architectural Terra-Cotta
 * Heritage Ottawa.org: "Ottawa's Former Bowles Lunch" (January 2002 article)
 * Graciano.com: Renovation of Bridgemarket under the Queensboro Bridge — project architect's website.
 * Harvard Graduate School of Design.edu: Ceramics Research
 * Randalls Urban Sculptures — photos of architectural terra cotta and gargoyles from demolished buildings.

title: Glazed architectural terra-cotta


text:
Ermete Novelli

Ermete Novelli (5 March 1851 – 30 January 1919) was an Italian actor and playwright.

Born in Lucca, the son of a prompter, Novelli made his first appearance in 1866, and played character and leading comedy parts in the best companies between 1871 and 1884. By 1885 he had his own company, and made a great success in Paris in 1898 and 1902.

He established in Rome in 1900 a new theatre, the Casa di Goldoni, on the lines of the Comédie-Française. He dramatized Émile Gaboriau's Monsieur Lecoq, and alone or in collaboration wrote several comedies and many monologues; his tragedy La Masque, written in collaboration with Bonaspetti, was produced in 1911. He appeared in a number of early silent films.

He died in Naples in 1919, aged 67, survived by at least one child, his son, Enrico "Yambo" Novelli.

Selected filmography

 * King Lear (1910)

title: Ermete Novelli


text:
User:Outsiderart~enwiki

Please make your case on the talk page for the Outsider Art article if you think my edits are inappropriate: others can then weigh in, and a concensus sought. I don't think there's a "stink of weirdness" to my interest in making the article (including the external links) concise and to the point. (I do detect a whiff of personal attack in your remarks, though, which is a serious policy violation among Wikipedians.) If you call my edits acting as a "gatekeeper," well, yes, to an extent that's what an editor does--keeps out inessential material. You can also post an RFC (Request for Comment by other users) if you think that I or another user is editing improperly, but it is best to try to address the problem on the talk page first. I've stated my reasoning about the links there. BTfromLA 21:22, 23 July 2005 (UTC)

title: User:Outsiderart~enwiki


text:
Nicholas of Basel

Nicholas of Basel (1308 - c. 1395) was a prominent member of the Beghard community, who travelled widely as a missionary and propagated the teachings of his sect.

Life
Nicholas of Basel was born at Basel, Switzerland, in 1308. The son of a rich merchant, he inherited substantial wealth. His life of pleasure was interrupted by a spiritual experience, after which he became a devout religious teacher. Nicholas was called by his followers the "Great Layman" or the "Great Friend of God". This has led to some confusion that he was a leader of the 14th century lay mystical society the Friends of God, although this has been discounted. Nicholas' teachings that, although not ordained, he had the authority to use episcopal and priestly powers, that submission to his direction was necessary for attaining spiritual perfection, and that his followers could not sin even though they committed crimes or disobeyed both Church and pope were at odds with those of the Dominican-inspired Friends of God. His teachings are akin to some of the more radical Beghards and the Brethren of the Free Spirit.

Though vigorously sought after by the Inquisition, he eluded its agents for many years until around 1395, he was seized in Vienna, and burned at the stake as a heretic, together with two of his followers, John and James.

A considerable legend has attached itself to Nicholas through the persistent but mistaken identification of him with the mysterious "Friend of God from the Oberland," the "double" of Rulman Merswin, the Strasbourg banker who was one of the leaders of the 14th-century German mystics known as the Friends of God.

title: Nicholas of Basel


text: User talk:84.66.205.249

title: User talk:84.66.205.249


text:
Talk:Forty Licks

Edited songs on Forty Licks
The article claims that some songs on this album appear in edited form. It may be useful to notate which of these songs are those that appear edited. I do not have this knowledge. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 164.68.148.2 (talk) 14:36, 3 May 2007 (UTC).

Fair use rationale for Image:Rollingstonesfortylicks.jpg
Image:Rollingstonesfortylicks.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.BetacommandBot 07:34, 6 June 2007 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Forty Licks


text:
Category talk:LGBT actors

Sexuality of actors
Some actors are included in this category for having "played gay" as opposed to their relationships in their personal lives. Notably, this seems to be the case with women (Sharon Stone, Dana Plato) and of course porn actors (actresses).

It is not sufficient to have "played gay" in a role. However, porn actors (actresses) are a special case: they are indisputably shown having sex with someone of the same sex (women). Does "gay for pay" count as identity for our purposes? Do porn stars belong here? Cleduc 21:22, 23 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Pornstars are iffy unless they have specifically said they are bisexual. On the subject of Sharon Stone, she came out as a bisexual during a Letterman interview.

 * Really? I can't find a source on that.  If someone has any further information regarding her coming out on a Letterman interview, please update Talk:Sharon Stone. Cleduc 02:31, 28 July 2005 (UTC)

 * It was an Advocate interview, not Letterman.

Regarding porn stars
The following pornstars identify as bisexual, outside their careers: Nina Hartley, Stacey Valentine, Jeff Stryker, Johan Paulik, Annie Sprinkle, and John Holmes. If a pornstar is on the list merely because they have performed same-sex scenes (gay pornstars excluded), they should be kept off.

 * So why would gay pornstars be excluded from this rule? There are plenty of gay-for-pay pornstars.  Is there something so very sticky (ahem) about a man having sex with a man, even for money, that it would mark a guy for life?  Is this a One-drop theory (ahem) for sexuality? Cleduc 11:52, 30 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Okay, gay-for-pay shouldn't be included, either.

Container category only?
There is a discrepancy between the "container category only" description of this category and the way it is being used in practice. The current usage would appear to be supported by discussion elsewhere, so perhaps container category should be removed?--ukexpat (talk) 01:37, 4 December 2013 (UTC)
 * See here for what Ukexpat means. Flyer22 (talk) 01:41, 4 December 2013 (UTC)
 * I suggest this discussion be moved to the LGBT wikiproject, as it applies to all LGBT categories.--Obi-Wan Kenobi (talk) 06:31, 4 December 2013 (UTC)

title: Category talk:LGBT actors