text:
Talk:Younger Than Yesterday

Overshadowing
I'm more than a little curious about why that second paragraph about the release being "overshadowed" by the Beatles/Stones/Beach Boys "current releases" was reinserted.

Release date of Younger Than Yesterday -- February 6, 1967

Previous Beatles release, per discography -- Revolver, August 8, 1966 Subsequent Beatles release, per discography -- Sgt Pepper, June 2, 1967

Previous Beach Boys releases, per discography -- Pet Sounds, May 16, 1966, and Best Of, July 11, 1966 Subsequent Beach Boys releases, per discography -- Best of 2, July 24, 1967, and Smiley Smile, September 11, 1967

There were two contemporaneous Rolling Stones LPs, but that alone doesn't justified the comment. Without meaning to be excessively contentious, it strikes me as being speculation without any factual foundation. Monicasdude 07:01, 23 July 2005 (UTC)

 * No contention. I think you are right. I have removed it. —Theo  (Talk) 10:18, 23 July 2005 (UTC)

Who said I was talking about albums necessarily? "Good Vibrations" had just left the Top 10 and everyone was talking about Smile at the time (which would end up not coming out). The Stones had just released Bewteen The Buttons which (in the US) housed the #1 hit "Ruby Tuesday" that January. And The Beatles made their comeback with their new look that February with "Strawberry Fields Forever"/"Penny Lane" and the eye-catching promo films for both, with Pepper about to follow. In addition, that is also claimed in the liner notes for Younger Than Yesterday. Which I will now cite. That's sufficient proof. PetSounds 13:03, 23 July 2005 (UTC)

That isn't much proof. First of all, David Fricke has a reputation among other rock critics as being a hack. There's no nice way to say it and many critics have been less kind about it (Tim Riley, Jim Derogatis, Jimmy Guterman, Clinton Heylin, Bill no-relation-to-the-bassist Wyman, etc.) He writes watered down histories for reissue liner notes by the dozen and often makes mistakes, vague statements, and awkward assumptions. Second, so people didn't buy or notice "Younger Than Yesterday" because they were listening to a few other records? Or because of some records that hadn't come out yet? That's like saying "Cinderella Man" tanked at the box office because everyone was still flocking to see "Star Wars: Revenge of the Sith," and then didn't see anything else because of "Spiderman 3." The Byrds were in commercial decline, simple as that. Critics at the time DID notice. The concept of rock critics was still in its infancy, but the ones who were around and working like Greil Marcus and Paul Williams did praise this album. Neglected? Yes. Overshadowed? The word's not a good fit.

Reissue liner notes
The recent change of the text from:
 * A misreporting of the release date as July 1967 may explain Rolling Stone writer David Fricke's mistaken explanation of the the relatively poor sales in the booklet that accompanied the 1996 CD box set. He suggests that the album's release "was obscured by the windfall of epochal rock albums that spring and summer". In practice, however, the competing albums that he cites were released too late to materially affect sales of Younger than Yesterday''.

to
 * ''In its CD liner notes, Rolling Stone writer David Fricke suggests that the album's release "was obscured by the windfall of epochal rock albums that spring and summer", citing current and about-to-be-released albums by The Beatles, Jefferson Airplane and The Doors.

appears to lose the point that Fricke may have misremembered/been misinformed about the release date (not, that he cited the error in the notes). As I understand it, Fricke's argument is that the other big releases overshadowed the Byrds' new album and diminished its anticipated sales. In practice, however, the overshadowing releases came after Younger Than Yesterday in a market that is noted for its immediacy. If we keep Fricke's claim (and I think that we should), it seems appropriate to state that it may be in error. —Theo (Talk) 08:10, 7 August 2005 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:YoungerYesterdayCover.jpg
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BetacommandBot 11:48, 6 July 2007 (UTC)

Re-recording of "Why" for the Younger Than Yesterday album
I have removed the mention of Gene Clark having played on the version of "Why" featured on this album, since there is strong evidence to sugest that the version on Younger Than Yesterday was recorded long after Clark had left the band. I know that it has been claimed, by David Fricke and also possibly by Christopher Hjort, that the version of "Why" on Younger Than Yesterday was recorded during sessions for the Fifth Dimension album but I believe this to be erroneous for at least three reasons.

Firstly, both the sessionography found in Johnny Rogan's book Timeless Flight Revisited and the recording session chronology in the liner notes for the Never Before CD confirm that "Why" was re-recorded between 5 - 8 December, 1966, which would place it firmly among the Younger Than Yesterday recording sessions. The second, and to my mind, most compelling piece of evidence though, is the fact that the Younger Than Yesterday album lists Gary Usher as its sole producer. If the version of "Why" included on the album had indeed been recorded during the Fifth Dimension album sessions, then it would list Allen Stanton as the producer of this track - since it was he and not Usher who produced those recording sessions.

The third piece of evidence is a little bit more circumstantial than the first two, but is worth considering nonetheless - "Why" on Younger Than Yesterday sounds noticeably different in its musical approach to the versions of the song recorded during the Fifth Dimension sessions. McGuinn's whining, raga-style guitar, which was ubiquitous during the Fifth Dimension era, is not present on the version of "Why" found on Younger Than Yesterday, in keeping with the rest of that album. The Younger Than Yesterday versions also doesn't display any of Allen Stanton's production traits, such as wide stereo separation of vocals and instruments, it sounds much more like a Gary Usher production job to me.

Taking all three of these pieces of evidence into consideration, I personally think that it builds a pretty strong case for "Why" having been re-recorded during the Younger Than Yesterday sessions. If anyone can provide any other evidence to the contrary then I would be most interested to hear it. Kohoutek1138 10:44, 25 September 2009 (UTC)

 * Hi, User: 141.157.40.46. This ongoing disagreement regarding when the version of "Why" on Younger Than Yesterday was recorded and whether Gene Clark was involved or not is verging on Edit Warring and so it is my hope that we can discuss this here and hopefully reach a consensus. I also want to say "well done" on your contributions to the Byrds related articles and to Sweetheart of the Rodeo in particular, they are worthwhile and welcome. I realise that you are a newbie and, as such, you sometimes format things incorrectly but that's fine, everyone's gotta start somewhere and I'm more than happy to tidy up after you. Kohoutek1138 15:59, 25 September 2009 (UTC)

 * Hi I just saw this page for the first time and appreciate the kind words regarding "Sweetheart." I more or less reverted the article as to "Why" after changing it (again) and before seeing this page.  I think the exact recording date is not something the article really calls for and its inclusion arose, from me, out of an effort to clarify publicly what should have been sorted out on this page.  Since sources differ, and the possibility of including misinformation being worse than the benefits of including the exact recording date, doesn't it make the most sense to leave the date out and just put what's there now (different take, re-recording) since that much is clear?  Also I hope it was okay to combine the paragraphs since it all concerns the contentious songs.  Yes I'm new, was unfamiliar with the discussion page, apologize for what may have seemed like my own contentiousness, want to cooperate, am seeking confirmation of those last few Sweetheart credits, etc.  Thanks!

 * Quick followup: If you feel the article should include the recording date/timeframe and want to put it back I won't seek to change it. I think the points above do make a good case that Hjort's 2/66 date is likely wrong.

 * Hi, User: 141.157.40.46. Glad you finally found the talk page! :-D I've been trying to communicate with you for a while now...even saying things in my edit summaries like "please come and say hello to me on the talk page"...and I must confess that I have been finding it somewhat frustrating that you hadn't responded. I realised though that it was probably down to your not knowing about the existance of the talk page.

 * Anyway, hopefully this will be the start of good communications between us two Byrdmaniax. :-) I’m more than happy to work with fellow editors here on Wikipedia and reach a consensus on contentious issues. Just for the record, and incase you don't know, this talk page is just for discussions relating to the Younger Than Yesterday article. If you want to contact me regarding The Byrds articles in general or changes you're perhaps thinking of making on Wikipedia, then feel free to post a message on my own personal talk page, which you can find here.  Additionally, you can view my user page here if you want to know a little bit more about me.

 * Regarding the issue of when "Why" on YTY was recorded, I have to say that I think my points above, particularly those regarding Gary Usher being listed as the sole producer of YTY make for a pretty convincing case. You also have to understand where the info about "Why" on YTY being a Fifth Dimension outtake came from; and that would be David Fricke. Fricke was the first person to say in print that "Why" on YTY was a leftover from Fifth Dimension, in his liner notes for the YTY remaster. Since then it’s been repeated many times but personally, I believe it to be erroneous.

 * David Fricks is only a music journalist, not a Byrds historian (if that makes sense), and his liner notes for The Byrds remasters do contain a lot of inaccuracies. For example, just yesterday I was reading his comments in the Ballad of Easy Rider booklet and he states that "Tulsa County Blue" had already been a hit for June Carter. This is completely wrong...the song was not recorded by June but actually by her sister Anita Carter and she didn't have a hit with it until 1971, two years after The Byrds had recorded the song. This is unfortunately all too typical of Fricke's writing...just look further up this very page and you'll see another Wikipedia editor berating Fricke for his inaccuracies. Not everything Fricke says is false, of course, a lot of it is spot on but he does make silly errors and you have to be aware of that.

 * Johnny Rogan, on the other hand, was actually given access to the Columbia tape vaults and The Byrds' recording sessions documentation which he used to compile his Sessionography in Timeless Flight Revisited. Rogan is also pretty thorough in his research and seldom makes mistakes...he does make them, sure, but not as often as Fricke does. So personally, I'm more inclined to believe Rogan. I think that given the fact that he's actually seen the sessions sheets for The Byrds' Columbia recording dates, plus the fact that Allen Stanton is not credited as producer for track 11 of YTY, we should go with Rogan's dating of the song.

 * As for Hjort's repetition of "Why" having been recorded during the FD sessions, it's possible that he's just taking the information that Fricke provided and running with it. It would be interesting to know whether Hjort lists a source for this statement in his book or if he cites David Fricke's liner notes in the book’s bibliography. I'd really like to know how Hjort came to this conclusion.

 * In closing, I'm not saying that Rogan is definitely right, I'm just saying that given his track record for accuracy, the lack of a production credit for Allen Stanton on YTY and the more circumstantial fact that instrumentally, the song doesn't sound like a recording from the Fifth Dimension era, we should probably go with a December, 1966 recording date. As such, I've reinserted the December 5 - 8, 1966 date because I feel its pretty reliable. Please feel free to argue against this if you have a problem with it though. Kohoutek1138 11:37, 28 September 2009 (UTC)

 * I think Rogan is right, and that Hjort probably did just use Fricke's (likely) misinformation for his book. I think the article is correct now.  All I did in my latest revision was take out the redundancy (it said re-recording twice).  Now I think it reads correctly.  Finally.  And yes a new era of communication!  Sorry I missed those notes.  I skipped over them not knowing there was a talk forum.  So I'll set up an account sometime and contact you privately regarding matters more general than YTY.

 * Yeah, you should create a user account. For one thing it'll stop your IP address being on display to the whole world, which it is now. It'll also mean that other Wikipedia editors will be able to contact you more easily. Another reason is that I'm probably gonna nominate the Sweetheart of the Rodeo article for a Wikpedia "Good Arcticle" award at some point. If it's awarded the "Good Article" seal of approval, it'll mean that you’ll be entitled to display the award on your user page, since you’ve made significant contributions to the page. There's still more work to be done first though...I need to expand the opening section a little bit more and, in order to get a "GA" award, a page must be stable. ie. it's not subject to multiple edits on a daily basis, so when you're satisfied that the Personnel section is as good as you can make it, perhaps you'll let me know?

 * I'm currently going through all of The Byrds articles and have been for the last few months, fixing them up, expanding them, inserting inline references etc, etc. They were in a right sorry state before I started, I can tell you. So far I've done all of the band’s albums up to and including Ballad of Easy Rider (although I've more work to do on Turn! Turn! Turn!) and will be tackling the albums (Untitled) through to The Byrds over the next few weeks. I think that my experience as a published writer and considerable knowledge of The Byrds makes me an ideal candidate for improving these articles. But your contributions to the Personnel sections are certainly welcome.Kohoutek1138 13:07, 28 September 2009 (UTC)

Assessment comment
Substituted at 11:10, 30 April 2016 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Younger Than Yesterday


text:
Grantchester Meadows (song)

"Grantchester Meadows" is the second track from the studio disc of the Pink Floyd album Ummagumma.

Composition
The song was written and performed entirely by Roger Waters. The song features his lyrics accompanied by an acoustic guitar, while a tape loop of a skylark chirps in the background throughout the entire song. At approximately 4:13, the sound of a honking Bewick's swan is introduced, followed by the sound of it taking off. As the instrumental track fades out, an incessant buzzing bee which has been heard throughout the song, is chased after by an unidentified person (represented by the sound of footsteps) and finally swatted, cutting abruptly to the next track.

This song was one of several to be considered for, but ultimately excluded from, the band's "best of" album, Echoes: The Best of Pink Floyd. A live version of the song was released as the first single to promote The Early Years 1965–1972 box set in 2016.

Lyrics
The lyrics describe a pastoral and dream-like scene at Grantchester Meadows in Cambridgeshire, close to where fellow band member David Gilmour lived at the time. This type of pastoral ballad was typical of Roger Waters' compositional approach in the late sixties and early seventies. It was a style that he was to continue on his first album outside of Pink Floyd – Music from "The Body" (in collaboration with Ron Geesin) and "If" from Atom Heart Mother. It is one of several Pink Floyd songs that praise the British countryside.

Sound
The song is noted for its use of stereo effects and sound panning to create an illusion of space and depth.

Live
"Grantchester Meadows" was incorporated into Pink Floyd's The Man and the Journey concert suite as "Daybreak". It was performed live during the 1970 US tour, often opening the show. Live renditions of the song included Gilmour on a second acoustic guitar and providing vocals during the chorus, as well as Richard Wright playing two piano solos—one after the second verse's chorus and one during the coda (these solos were later played on the Farfisa organ).

Personnel

 * Roger Waters – acoustic guitars, vocals, tape effects

 * Additional live personnel
 * David Gilmour – second acoustic guitar, chorus vocals
 * Richard Wright – piano, later Farfisa organ

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Grantchester Meadows (song)


text: File:Canyon del Oro High School Dorado.jpg


text:
External iliac vein

The external iliac veins are large veins that connect the femoral veins to the common iliac veins. Their origin is at the inferior margin of the inguinal ligaments and they terminate when they join the internal iliac veins (to form the common iliac veins).

Both external iliac veins are accompanied along their course by external iliac arteries.

Structure
A continuation of the femoral vein, the external iliac vein starts at the level of the inguinal ligament. It runs beside its corresponding artery and along the brim of the lesser pelvis to unite with the internal iliac vein anterior to the sacroiliac joint where it forms the common iliac vein.

The left external iliac vein remains medial to the artery along its whole path. The right external iliac vein is medial to the artery, but as it ascends, it runs posterior to it.

The external iliac vein is crossed by the ureter and internal iliac artery which both extend towards the middle. In males it is crossed by the vas deferens and in females the round ligament and ovarian vessels cross it. Psoas major lies to its side, except where the artery intervenes.

The external iliac vein may have one valve, but often has no valves.

In addition to pubic veins, the main tributaries of the external iliac veins are the inferior epigastric veins and the deep circumflex iliac vein.

Clinical significance and history
In 1967, Cockett noted anatomical variations which predisposed to compression of the external iliac vein, amongst other veins. Although less common than May-Thurner syndrome, it is being progressively documented due to modern imaging methods. Compression of the left external iliac vein by the right common iliac artery or left hypogastric artery can occur as it crosses over the vein into the pelvis. The right external iliac vein can similarly be compressed. Such compressions may contribute to deep vein thrombosis.

Failure to develop or agenesis of the external iliac vein has been described in association with Klippel–Trenaunay syndrome.

title: External iliac vein


text:
Hollym (publishing house)

Hollym is a publishing house with offices in Seoul, South Korea and California, United States.

History
Hollym was first founded by Lim In Soo(林仁秀) in the Jongno district in Seoul on January 18, 1963. The company was formerly based in New Jersey. The US company has been publishing books on Korea and Korea-related topics since 1977. The CEO is Ham Ki-man. The company is divided between Hollym's international branch, which handles US publishing and international distribution, and the Korea-based Hollym branch. The Korean corporation was founded in 1963.

Hollym publishes books on Korean art, cooking, fiction (including short stories), language, religion and philosophy, social sciences, sports, and travel.

title: Hollym (publishing house)


text:
Alton Edwards

Alton Edwards is a Zimbabwean singer, who had a UK Top 20 hit with "I Just Wanna (Spend Some Time with You)" during January 1982. He wrote and recorded a song called "Thank You from Africa" which was a song to thank the Western artists for the help given to Africa, mostly to Ethiopia. The song is still played on Zimbabwean TV and some other African countries. All proceeds were collected by the International Red Cross.

Edwards is uncle to Warren Mills who had hits with "Mickey's Monkey" and "Sunshine" on the Zomba / Jive Records label. Mills is also a cousin to Rozalla, who had hits with "Everybody's Free" and "Are You Ready to Fly". Edwards is still an active singer on the UK circuit. He works frequently with Angelo Starr (Edwin Starr's brother) and Alexander O'Neal.

Edwards appears as himself in the 2011 documentary Dreams of a Life.

title: Alton Edwards


text:
Talk:Provo, Utah

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Whether Provo is undergoing a political shift
Colleagues, I don't have a dog in this fight: I'm striving for factual accuracy and NPOV. The data point cited in the article for Provo's conservatism is now a decade old. No one disputes that Provo is still generally conservative. The question is whether there is any shift in the past decade. I trust that other editors out there are willing to consider the possibility of that happening. If so, they shouldn't be deleting new studies that indicate that it has been occurring. Continued deletions would suggest a pattern of pushing a POV. I would respectfully ask parties to engage in dialogue here on the talk page -- as per established Wikipedia guidelines -- to resolve things rather than entering into edit-revert warring. Thanks and best regards,

GetSomeUtah (talk) 11:59, 1 September 2016 (UTC)

 * The existing sources are studies. The single source you are adding to justify your change is a pop poll. Your addition of "although attitudes are shifting" is straight up WP:OR. That's your conclusion and you have no source that says that. Sorry, your addition is not appropriate as it is now sourced. John from Idegon (talk) 18:25, 1 September 2016 (UTC)
 * Indeed. The first sentence stating that "Provo has long been known as a conservative city" is unsourced, and there is nothing to indicate how long "long" is?  The past 20 years?  The past century?  Furthermore, the conclusion that "attitudes are shifting" is dubious.  The first source cited in the article is a dead link, while the second source--a study conducted by the "Bay Area Center for Voting Research" in an undated article--concluded that Provo was the most conservative city in the US.  The next two sentences--which cite recent studies not conducted by the Bay Area Center for Voting Research--state that Provo did not make their top 10 lists of conservative cities.  Thus, a Wikipedia editor concluded that "attitudes must be therefore be shifting"; the city made one list a while ago, but didn't make two other lists a few years later.  This is sloppy science, looking at one study and comparing it to another without any examination of the research criteria used in each study.  The spurious conclusion reached by such a comparison is also original research.  I would suggest the entire first paragraph under "politics" be deleted.  Magnolia677 (talk) 18:29, 1 September 2016 (UTC)
 * Agreed. It's stale and tinged with OR throughout. John from Idegon (talk) 19:47, 1 September 2016 (UTC)

 * I take that as a vote to cut the paragraph and would third the motion. Best regards,GetSomeUtah (talk) 19:56, 1 September 2016 (UTC)

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City name
It seems unlikely that Timpanogots means "rocky" and Timpanogos means "fish eaters." Admittedly that is sort of like OR, but regardless, neither is supported by the cited source. Accordingly, I will look at this again in the morning and decide what to do. Dgndenver (talk) 04:36, 3 June 2017 (UTC)
 * Agreed. Spaniards seem to have called them that (in Spanish), but not with the word Timpanogos.  I'd cut.  GetSomeUtah (talk) 11:57, 3 June 2017 (UTC)

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A truly horrible history section
The history article essentially ends with the naming of Provo in about 1850. It mentions nothing of events in Provo for the next 150 plus years. This is a true travesty and one of the worst histotry sections on a city I have ever seen.John Pack Lambert (talk) 01:05, 27 May 2018 (UTC)

 * I completely agree. The history section goes into the 1870s, but has nothing about the past 150 years. How can this be fixed? Nairdainreverse (talk) 17:49, 26 June 2024 (UTC)

A Commons file used on this page has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the. —Community Tech bot (talk) 03:06, 1 February 2019 (UTC)
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Yip Wing-sie

Yip Wing-sie (born 1960 in Guangzhou, China) is a Hong Kong musician.

A highly respected and influential figure in Asia's orchestral music scene, Yip Wing-sie has been the Music Director of Hong Kong Sinfonietta since 2002. Positions she has previously held Principal Conductor and later Music Director of Guangzhou Symphony Orchestra and Resident Conductor of Hong Kong Philharmonic Orchestra.

Winner of the First Prize as well as "LYRE d’OR" in the 35th Concours International de Jeunes Chefs d’Orchestre de Besançon, France in 1985 and a prizewinner in the 8th Tokyo International Conducting Competition in 1988, Yip is in great demand as a guest conductor in Asia. Orchestras she has conducted include the Central Philharmonic Orchestra of China, China National Symphony Orchestra, Shanghai Symphony Orchestra, Seoul Philharmonic, Osaka Philharmonic, New Japan Philharmonic, Tokyo Mozart Players, the symphony orchestras of Sapporo, Yomiuri, Taiwan, Tasmania, Melbourne and Queensland as well as the Auckland Philharmonia of New Zealand. In Europe, Yip's engagements have included concerts with the Orchestre National du Capitol de Toulouse and the Chambre Orchestre de Besançon in France, Warsaw Philharmonic in Poland, Spain's Tenerife Symphony Orchestra and the Czech State Orchestra of Košice. She has also conducted at prestigious venues and festivals such as the Vienna Musikverein (Grossersaal), Beijing Music Festival, Fukuoka's Asian Month Festival in Japan, Hong Kong Arts Festival and Macao International Music Festival. Yip has collaborated with such renowned artists as Augustin Dumay, Fou Ts’ong, Shlomo Mintz, Anne-Sophie Mutter, Itzhak Perlman and Pinchas Zukerman. Operas she has conducted include Guo Wen-jin's Poet Li Bai and the world première of La Peintre with Taiwan Philharmonic.

As Music Director of Hong Kong Sinfonietta, Yip has taken the orchestra on tour in recent years to Switzerland, France, Italy, Poland, Lithuania, Canada, the USA, Japan, Korea, Beijing, Shanghai, and in South America in Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay.

Born in Guangzhou and brought up in Hong Kong, Yip graduated from the Royal College of Music in London and Indiana University at Bloomington, USA, where she obtained her master's degree in violin performance and conducting. As the winner of the Koussevitsky Scholarship and the Seiji Ozawa Fellowship Award, Yip also attended the conducting seminar and fellowship programmes at the Tanglewood Music Center. Her mentors included great maestros such as Norman Del Mar, Leonard Bernstein, Seiji Ozawa, Gustav Meier and David Atherton.

Accolades Yip has received internationally include "Chevalier de l’Ordre National du Mérite" bestowed by the French Government (2015), "Chevalier dans l’Ordre des Arts et des Lettres" by the Ministry of Culture and Communication of France, Fellow of the Royal College of Music (FRCM), and she was also named the Ong Teng Cheong Distinguished Visiting Professor at the Yong Siew Toh Conservatory of Music, National University of Singapore. In Hong Kong, she was awarded "Hong Kong Women of Excellence in the Six Arts Award" by the Hong Kong Federation of Women and the Bronze Bauhinia Star (BBS) by the Hong Kong Government, and was named University Artist at The University of Hong Kong.

After the 2019/2020 season, Yip stepped down from the music director position at the Hong Kong Sinfonietta after 18 years at the helm.

title: Yip Wing-sie


text:
Jim Chim

Jim Chim Sui-man (born 6 May 1965) is a Hong Kong-based stage actor and comedian.

Biography
Jim Chim, Associate Artistic Director of Theatre Ensemble, co-founded the company with Olivia Yan in 1993. Since then, he has been performing and directing performances that have been critically acclaimed and popular with Hong Kong audiences. He is widely recognized for his distinctive brand of humour, physical movement and performance style.

He was presented with the first Drama Development Fellowship from Hong Kong Arts Development Council Drama Committee in 2000. He also received the Best Supporting Actor Award and the Best Actor Award from the Hong Kong Federation of Drama Society in 1998 and 2000, respectively.

Apart from creative and performing achievements, Chim also devoted himself to theatre training and established the PIP-Pleasure In Play artistic concept. In 2003, he founded the PIP School, not only providing professional training in performing arts, but also further conveying the PIP style of living. He has been invited to conduct acting and movement workshops for local and overseas universities and professional arts organizations, including Ecole Philippe Gaulier (UK), The Theatre Practice (Singapore), National Drama Company of China, U-Theatre (Taiwan) and the very first full-time theatre school in Tokyo established by New National Theatre (Japan).

Chim has worked with both foreign and local artists, including David Glass and Meng Jin Hui. In recent years, he has also been highly involved in local cinema and has appeared in movies such as You Shoot, I Shoot, Men Suddenly in Black, Isabella, McDull, the Alumni and Driving Miss Wealthy. For the last, he was a Best Supporting Actor nominee at the 24th Hong Kong Film Awards. He also lent his voice in various Cantonese Chinese dubs of Hollywood films, most notably as adult Simba in The Lion King (1994) and as Dave Douglas in The Shaggy Dog (2006).

In 2004, Chim was honored with the “Men of Vision 2004” award by Royal Salute and was invited by the U.S. Department of State’s Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs to visit the United States in August 2006 as a grantee of its cultural exchange program, the International Visitor Leadership Program (IVLP).

Stage appearance

 * 2007-2008 Man-tiger
 * 2007-2008 My Life as a TV

Education

 * Po On Commercial Association Primary School
 * The Hong Kong Academy for Performing Arts

title: Jim Chim


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Roadmap to Korean

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete -- Francs2000 | Talk 12:12, 5 August 2005 (UTC)

Roadmap to Korean
Google gives 7 results. User spams himself, his books, and his publisher. See also: Faces of Korea, Hollym & Richard Harris (writer)Renata3 09:08, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * You have not added this nomination to the VfD log for July 23. Please do so.  -- Visviva 16:19, 23 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete, although I would have expected more than 7 hits. -- Visviva 16:19, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * And in fact a Google for the phrase "Roadmap to Korean" gives 1250 hits. But delete, anyway.-- Visviva 03:20, 24 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete: vanity, advert. Wile E. Heresiarch 19:32, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Using my personal criterion: Amazon sales rank number < 200,000 = sufficiently notable. This book, ISBN 1565911873, has an amazon.com Sales Rank: #724,729 in Books. For comparison: Don Oberdorfer, The Two Koreas: A Contemporary History (Revised and Updated Edition), ISBN 65051626, Amazon.com Sales Rank: #56,024 in Books. For a sense of what a rank of 724,729 probably means: I personally know of a book that has sold less than fifty copies which has a sales rank in the 700,000s. Dpbsmith (talk) 01:39, 24 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete nn self promotion. JamesBurns 03:46, 26 July 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Inotera

Inotera Memories, Inc.  was a company incorporated as a joint venture between Nanya Technology Corporation and Infineon (later Qimonda) in Taiwan in January 2003. The company was acquired by Micron Technology in 2016. It was renamed to Micron Technology Taiwan, Inc. and became one of Micron's manufacturing locations.

History
In 2008, Micron Technology acquired a 35.5% stake in Inotera from Qimonda as Qimonda underwent restructuring. The Company reached full conversion to 70 nm shrink technology at the end of June 2008 and started pilot production of Micron’s 50 nm stack process technology from the third quarter of 2009 in order to further improve the productivity and to reduce manufacturing unit cost.

In January 2013, Micron announced an amendment to the joint development agreement with Nanya that gave Micron access to all of Inotera's manufacturing output based on market pricing.

In December 2016, Micron completed the acquisition at a transaction value of approximately US$4.0 billion.

title: Inotera


text:
Raphaël Confiant

Raphaël Confiant (born January 25, 1951) is a Martinican writer known for his literary commitment towards Creole literature.

Life and career
Raphaël Confiant was born in Le Lorrain, Martinique. He studied English and political science at the Sciences Po Aix and law at Paul Cézanne University in Aix-en-Provence, France. During the 1970s, Confiant became a militant proponent of use of the Creole language and later worked with Jean Bernabé and Patrick Chamoiseau to create the créolité movement. The three authors co-authored in 1989 the seminal text of the créolité movement,, in addition to other theoretical texts. The créolité movement is often characterized as a reaction to the Négritude movement, which emphasized the African origins of the Antillean people. Créolité, on the other hand, emphasizes the diversity of Antillean ancestry and cultural heritage, which includes Chinese, Indian, and European influences, among others. The movement seeks to understand the diverse identities and histories of the people of the Antilles through the lens of literature and language and eschews the universal in favor of a diverse view of language and identity. Confiant is highly critical of Négritude and in 1993, he published a critique of Négritude founder Aimé Césaire called Aimé Césaire: une traversée paradoxale du siècle (Aimé Césaire: a Paradoxical Journey Across the Century).

Confiant is a well-known writer in both Creole and French and was a lecturer at the University of the French West Indies and Guiana (UAG). He served as dean of the Faculty of Arts and Humanities at UAG from 2013 to 2016.

After publishing his first novels in Creole and suffering very poor sales, Confiant took another approach in 1988 by publishing his first French-language novel, Le Nègre et l'Amiral, set in Martinique during World War II. The novel was welcomed by the French literary crowd as a new voice in French-language literature. Narrowly missing the Goncourt Prize in 1991 with his second French novel, Eau de Café, Confiant has ever since continued writing in French, even translating his first Creole-language novels. The themes of some of his novels seem to be dictated by the anniversaries of French West Indian events like the 1902 Mount Pelée eruption (with Nuée Ardente, published in 2002) or the 1854 arrival of East-Indian indentured servants (La Panse du Chacal, 2004).

title: Raphaël Confiant


text:
Kill!

Kill! (斬る) is a 1968 Japanese comedy-chambara film directed by Kihachi Okamoto. The film had a screenplay written by Akira Murao and Okamoto, and is based on the story Torideyama no jushichinichi (lit. '17 Days at Fort Mountain') in Yamamoto Shugoro zenshu (1964) by Shūgorō Yamamoto.

Plot
Tatsuya Nakadai stars as Genta, a former samurai who became disillusioned with the samurai lifestyle and left it behind to become a wandering yakuza gang member. He meets Hanjirō Tabata (Etsushi Takahashi) a farmer who wants to become a samurai to escape his powerless existence. Genta and Tabata wind up on opposite sides of clan intrigue when seven members of a local clan assassinate their chancellor. Although the seven, led by Tetsutarō Oikawa (Naoko Kubo) rebelled with the support of their superior, Ayuzawa (Shigeru Kōyama), he turns on them and sends members of the clan to kill them as outlaws.

Style
The film is a comically exaggerated exploration of what it is to be a samurai. The characters either give up samurai status or fight to attain it, and samurai are seen behaving both honorably and very badly. The film has a parodic tone, with numerous references to earlier samurai films.

Cast

 * Tatsuya Nakadai as Genta (Hyōdō Yagenta)
 * Etsushi Takahashi as Hanji (Hanjirō Tabata)
 * Yuriko Hoshi as Chino Kajii
 * Naoko Kubo as Tetsutarō Oikawa
 * Shigeru Kōyama as Ayuzawa
 * Akira Kubo as Monnosuke Takei
 * Seishirō Kuno as Daijirō Masataka
 * Tadao Nakamaru as Shōda Magobei
 * Eijirō Tōno as Moriuchi Hyōgo
 * Shin Kishida as Jurota Arao
 * Atsuo Nakamura as Tetsutaro
 * Ryosuke Kagawa as Mizoguchi
 * Takeo Chii as Yoshida Yaheiji
 * Susumu Kurobe as Ayusawa Kinzaburo
 * Isao Hashimoto as Konosuke Fujii
 * Yoshio Tsuchiya as Matsuo Shinroku
 * Hideyo Amamoto as Shimada Gendaiu

Release
Kill! was released theatrically in Japan on 22 June 1968 where it was distributed by Toho. It was released in the United States by Frank lee International with English subtitles in August 1968.

Reception
Along with Human Bullet and Judge and Jeopardy, Kill! gave art director Iwao Akune the award for Best Art Direction at the Mainichi Film Concours.

title: Kill!


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Hollym

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was no consensus to delete -- Francs2000 | Talk 12:15, 5 August 2005 (UTC)

Hollym
they have a website at hollym.com and as you can see it's just an ordinary publisher selling few books online. Don't see any importance. The user just spams himself, his books, and his publisher. See also: Roadmap to Korean, Faces of Korea & Richard Harris (writer)
 * delete --Richhil 13:24, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, notable publisher of Korea-related books, with a (small) international presence. Certainly at least as notable as many other articles in Category:Book publishers. -- Visviva 16:30, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete: advert. Wile E. Heresiarch 19:28, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment: I am about to try my Amazon test. I am going to search for books published by this publisher on Amazon.com. If they have published any books with an Amazon sales rank number less than 200,000, then I consider them a publisher of real interest to English-speakers and will vote to keep. Here goes. 167 books listed. Sort by: bestselling. Top is: Minjung's Pocket English-Korean & Korean-English Dictioanry [sic], ISBN 0930878027, Amazon.com Sales Rank: #154,297 in Books. Next listed is: Korea: Tradition and Transformation : A History of the Korean People by Andrew C. Nahm, ISBN 0930878566, Amazon.com Sales Rank: #606,866 in Books. The fact that 167 books are listed should somehow count for something. I conclude that they pass my test and they are a "real" publisher and of legitimate interest to English-speakers with an interest in Korea. Dpbsmith (talk) 01:31, 24 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment Amazon are not a directory of books in print. Amazon are a distributor. 129.215.37.37 13:34, 24 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Weak Keep, real publisher, real books, valid claim to being a significant publisher of English-language books about Korea. Dpbsmith (talk) 01:31, 24 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep Genuine (although small) publisher with a focus on Korea. Subject matter is esoteric by nature and thus they have only a small presence in the West Pilatus 10:46, 24 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete advertising. JamesBurns 03:47, 26 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, per Dpsmith's Amazon test, although I am incredibly opposed to the idea that something should have to prove itself "of interest to English-speakers" in order to be included. Kappa 13:35, 2 August 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Hollym


text:
Waterfall Bay

Waterfall Bay may refer to:

 * Waterfall Bay, Hong Kong
 * Waterfall Bay, Papua New Guinea

title: Waterfall Bay


text:
Dogs (British band)

Dogs was a post-punk-influenced indie rock band from London. They toured with Paul Weller and Razorlight. Their first album, Turn Against This Land, released on 19 September 2005, was recorded at Sawmills Studio in Cornwall, produced by John Cornfield. It was released by Island Records and received critical acclaim from the UK press. It contained the singles "London Bridge/End of an Era" (double A-side), "Tuned to a Different Station" and "Selfish Ways", each charting in the UK chart top 40. Dogs returned during 2007, under Weekender Records, with three singles: "Soldier On", followed by "This Stone Is a Bullet" and thirdly "Dirty Little Shop", released on 18 June 2007. The song "Chained to No-One" was released at the end of 2007 as a download-only single.

The band released their second album, Tall Stories from Under the Table on 25 June 2007. On 19 November 2008, it was announced that original drummer, Rich Mitchell had left the band amicably to join the band Chapel Club and a replacement found in Paul Warren. On 18 August 2009, it was announced that rhythm guitarist and backing vocalist, Luciano Vargas, had left the band amicably to pursue a family lifestyle. Luciano's replacement was found in rhythm guitarist Kevin Iverson, previously frontman of the band Springtide Cavalry. Iverson announced in December 2010 that he would be leaving Dogs for personal reasons.

The band released an EP on 14 June 2010, entitled We Are The Dogs, released independently without any label or PR output. Also, in early 2011, Dogs released a free seven track EP through their Facebook page entitled Fly Like Eagles.

On 21 June 2011, lead singer Johnny Cooke announced that the band were separating via a message on their official forum.

On 11 May 2007, a concert was recorded at the Weekender Club in Innsbruck Austria. A double LP + CD of this concert was released on 4 November 2016.

Band members

 * Johnny Cooke – vocals
 * Rikki Mehta – guitar
 * Duncan Timms – bass guitar
 * Paul Warren – drums (2008-2011)
 * Rich Mitchell – drums (2004–2008)
 * Luciano Vargas – guitar and vocals (2004–2009)
 * Kevin Iverson – guitar and vocals (2009–2010)

Albums

 * Turn Against This Land (2005) - UK #87
 * Tall Stories from Under the Table (2007) - UK #181

Extended plays

 * We Are The Dogs (2010)

Singles
From Turn Against This Land
 * "London Bridge/End of an Era" (2004) the censored version of London Bridge was featured in fifa 06 2005 featured on the video game FIFA 06)
 * "She's Got a Reason" (2005) - UK #36
 * "Tuned to a Different Station" (2005) - UK #29 (featured on the video games Burnout Revenge and Burnout Legends)
 * "Selfish Ways" (2005) - #45 UK
 * "Tarred and Feathered" (2005) - UK #64

From Tall Stories from Under the Table
 * "Soldier On" (2006) - UK #149
 * "Dirty Little Shop" (2007)
 * "This Stone is a Bullet" (2007)
 * "Chained to No-One" - Download Only (2007)

title: Dogs (British band)


text:
Herbert Taylor (British Army officer)

Lieutenant-General Sir Herbert Taylor (29 September 1775 – 20 March 1839) was the first Private Secretary to the Sovereign of the United Kingdom, serving George III, George IV, and William IV.

Military career
Taylor was the son of Rev. Edward Taylor of Bifrons, Patrixbourne, Kent and his wife Margaret Payler daughter of Thomas Turner Payler of Ileden, who died at Brussels in 1780. The diplomat Sir Brook Taylor was his younger brother. He joined the 2nd Dragoon Guards as a cornet in 1794. Later that year he was promoted to lieutenant and then the following year to captain. In 1795 he served as assistant secretary and aide de camp to the Duke of York, then commander-in-chief of the British Army. Taylor was later the Duke of York's assistant military secretary, an office he held until 1798. He was later a Major. In 1798 he was made Aide de Camp, Military Secretary and Private Secretary to the Marquess Cornwallis, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland. In the following year he returned to the Duke of York's service and remained there until 1805, although he was transferred to the 9th West Indian Regiment as a lieutenant-colonel in 1801.

However, in the following year, with a period of relative calm in the midst of the Napoleonic Wars, he was placed on half pay. In that year he joined the Coldstream Guards, in which he became a brevet colonel in 1810. In 1805 he became private secretary to King George III, and then, from 1811 private secretary to Queen Charlotte, the queen consort. He retained that office until 1818.

Taylor commanded a brigade at Antwerp 1813–1814, and was sent on a diplomatic mission to Bernadotte of Sweden in 1814. He was Member of Parliament (MP) for Windsor 1820–23. From 1820 to 1827 he was Ambassador to Berlin and then Military Secretary, having become colonel for life of the 85th Foot Regiment in 1823. He was first and principal aide de camp to King George IV in 1827, and also deputy Secretary at War. From 1828 to 1830 he was Adjutant-General to the Forces. He became private secretary to the new king, William IV, in 1830. On the death of the king in 1837 he retired, although he was first and principal aide de camp to Queen Victoria 1837–39.

Taylor became a Major-General in 1813, and a Lieutenant-General in 1825. He was Master of St Katherine's Hospital, Regent's Park, and Master Surveyor and Surveyor-General of the Ordnance from 1828. He died in 1839. The monument to him at St. Katherine's is by the sculptor Peter Rouw.

title: Herbert Taylor (British Army officer)


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Centerfuse

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was speedy delete -- Francs2000 | Talk 11:57, 5 August 2005 (UTC)

Centerfuse
Not a notable website, 1,530 hits for "Centerfuse". Thue | talk 07:17, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy delete I put it up for speedy delete. The article just looks like an ad. --Barista | a/k/a マイケル | T/C 07:19, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy delete as above.--DNicholls 07:30, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy delete as per Thue. Hamster Sandwich 07:52, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete as non-notable. Please read the criteria for speedy deletion before calling for a speedy; "looks like an ad" is not one of them. —Cryptic (talk) 12:12, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment it seems that Duncharris speedied it. Advertising doesn't seem to be a reason for speedy, per Criteria for speedy deletion.-Poli (talk • contribs) 17:05, 2005 July 23 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Dale Huffman

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete. – ABCD✉ 01:36, 4 August 2005 (UTC)

Dale Huffman
This is a two-sentence profile of a newspaper columnist for the Dayton Daily News. Did some googling and it looks like this individual is just another ordinary guy who does his job like everybody else. Nothing notable pops out at all (awards, etc). I vote delete. Tobycat 07:17, 23 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete as above. --DNicholls 07:52, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete nn, probably vanity too. MH 17:05, July 24, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete nn vanity. JamesBurns 02:30, 26 July 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Faces of Korea

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete. – ABCD✉ 01:36, 4 August 2005 (UTC)

Faces of Korea
Google gives about 60 unique results (Harris "Faces of Korea"). Not significant. User just spams himself, his books, and his publisher. See also: Roadmap to Korean, Hollym & Richard Harris (writer) Renata3 07:18, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment. What's the proper procedure to follow when you see a VFD entry, like this one, with no title?  (This is not sarcasm; I actually want to know.)  I can tell that this is for Faces of Korea but it needs to be fixed. --Metropolitan90 15:46, July 23, 2005 (UTC)
 * It is now on a subpage, but doesn't seem to be linked from the main page. I'm confused.  Trying to fix it with this edit. -- Visviva 16:27, 23 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete, bookcruft. -- Visviva 16:27, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete: advert, link spam. Wile E. Heresiarch 19:31, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Using my personal criterion: Amazon sales rank number < 200,000 = sufficiently notable. This book, ISBN 1565912144, has an Amazon.com Sales Rank: #568,826 in Books. For comparison: Don Oberdorfer, The Two Koreas: A Contemporary History (Revised and Updated Edition), ISBN 65051626, Amazon.com Sales Rank: #56,024 in Books. For a sense of what a rank of 568,826 probably means: I personally know of a book that has sold less than fifty copies which has a sales rank in the 700,000s. Dpbsmith (talk) 01:37, 24 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete nn self promotion. JamesBurns 02:31, 26 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete nn vanity, etc. Flowerparty talk 03:24, 1 August 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
User:BCV

BCV, Wikipedia contributor since March 17, 2005.

 * August 30, 2005 first contribution to be featured on the main page.

Wikipedia Contributions of Interest

 * Associated Students of the University of Missouri
 * Bearcat Voice
 * Bulldog Party
 * Characters on The West Wing
 * Earl Blaik
 * Missouri Students Association
 * Northwest Missouri State University
 * Student Association of Missouri
 * Truman State University
 * Ventria Bioscience

The Student Association of Missouri ("S.A.M." or "SAM") is a non-profit student association formed in 2001 by a convention of delegates from 12 Missouri college student governments in Jefferson City, Missouri. The association dissolved in 2005 following the decline of the organization to a single member college. All official records were transferred from the Jefferson City, Missouri office to be held for posterity on the campus of Truman State University as of spring 2005. Alumni remain active on electronic lists. The association's stated mission was to "Unite all students of Missouri institutions of higher education and represent the needs and issues important to all students, to lobby the Missouri state government and individual colleges and universities," as well as promoting political participation of students, offering leadership opportunities, and serving as a communication link between students, institutions of higher education, and the Missouri government.

History
From recruitment materials distributed from the Student Association of Missouri it is known that based on the United States Student Association Teri Brickly a student from Northeast Missouri State University in 1991, has an idea of a similar organization for Missouri. At the 'Students for Higher Education Conference' November 8-10, 1991 which was held at Northeast Missouri State University, a group of students form the Missouri Association of Student Governments. In February 1992 the Missouri Association of Student Governments (MASG) holds a conference at Southeast Missouri State University. Speaking at the conference were Governor Mel Carnahan and the Commissioner of Higher Education Kala Stroup. Both private and public universities from throughout the state attended the conference along with one community college. Institutions in attendance were Southwest Missouri State University, University of Missouri, University of Missouri–Kansas City, Cottey College, Washington University, Central Missouri State University, Missouri Western State College, William Jewell College, Southeast Missouri State University, and Longview Community College. At the conference one of the focuses of the students was to obtain a student vote on university governing boards. Due to poor funding and a lack of organization the MASG collapsed. However, like Teri Brickly, Sam Garman a student from Southwest Missouri State University was inspired by MASG and wanted to purse the idea again.

In 1999 two other students, Keith Ziegelman and Jessica Loyet of Truman State University, picked up the idea, and along with Sam Garman attended a conference on diversity held by the United Council of Students of the University of Wisconsin. Sam Garman ran for the SGA presidency at SMS and subsequently won. After he was elected he became consumed with the duties of his office, and thus his focus left the state student association.

The idea did not die, however, the Bulldog Party, a campus political party at Truman State University took hold of the idea while looking for a way to secure a student vote on the Board of Governors. Two Bulldog Party members, Bethany Ordaz and Wayne Yocum, decided to lead the charge in forming a state student association. After establishing a statewide student network, Ordaz began planning meetings of interested students. At one of those meetings the students decided to name their organization the Student Association of Missouri or SAM in honor of Sam Garman. Students at Truman started to plan a constitutional convention for SAM along with students from Lincoln University. Lincoln agreed to host the convention in Jefferson City, and thus became co-hosts with Truman.

Formation
On November 2, 2001, the first Constitutional Convention of the Student Association of Missouri began. Throughout the weekend students from all over the state worked on ironing out a constitution. On that Sunday, November 4th, the delegates approved the Constitution of the Student Association of Missouri. After approving the Constitution, the delegates elected a Provisional Council to make sure the organization became fully functional and to seek funding. The Provisional Council was President Bethany Ordaz of Truman State University, Vice President Keith Ziegelman of the University of Missouri-Rolla, Treasurer Allen Robbins of Mineral Area College, Secretary Danny French of the University of Missouri, Representative Alfonso Porter of Lincoln University and Representative Dena Holmes of Columbia College. Later on November 4, 2001 following the adjournment of the constitutional convention the Student Senate of Truman State University took up consideration of SAM and ratified the constitution becoming the first school to join the newly formed association.

Association Members
 * Truman State University ratified November 4, 2001, approved fee February 9, 2002.
 * Southwest Missouri State University ratified January 24, 2002.
 * Southeast Missouri State University ratified March 11, 2002, approved fee April 20, 2002.
 * Columbia College ratified April 3, 2002. (First private institution to join)
 * Northwest Missouri State University ratified April 9, 2002.
 * Missouri Western State College ratified April 22, 2002, approved fee in spring 2003.
 * Central Missouri State University ratified September 17, 2002.
 * Southeast Missouri Hospital College of Nursing and Health Sciences ratified August 9, 2003.

In January 2002 the provisional council met for it’s first official meeting to discuss strategies to keep SAM moving forward. Governor Bob Holden in his State of the State speech announced massive budget cuts to higher education thus leading to the thought that there is no better time for students to unite and rally against the cuts and continue efforts to protect education. A ballot initiative to levy a new student fee at Truman State University in order to pay membership dues to SAM was passed by a majority of the students. Due to the financial cuts to higher education the SAM provisional council with the aid of other student leaders decided to “Storm the Capitol” in effort to protest the budget cuts. Representative Chuck Graham of Columbia introduced legislation that would grant voting privileges to the student representative on the University of Missouri Board of Curators.

On February 20, 2002 over 50 students from 10 different institutions of higher education gathered at the Capitol to meet with legislators about concerns of funding cuts to higher education, also a petition signed by nearly 10% of the student body at Truman State University in opposition to the budget cuts was given to Governor Holden. Two days later on February 22, 2002 an invitation to student leaders was made by Governor Holden to meet in Jefferson City to discuss the budget cuts. On March 6, 2002 several student leaders met in Jefferson City to speak with Governor Holden and other officials about the effects financial cuts would have on higher education. Over the summer of 2002 the SAM Provisional Council met several times to work on changes to the constitution and the writing of bylaws, as well as working on paper work for incorporation, recruitment strategies, and setting up the next convention. On September 25, 2002 the Student Association of Missouri was granted corporation status by Secretary of State, Matt Blunt.

On September 25-27, 2002 the second Annual Convention was held in Jefferson City, Missouri. The convention consisted of a banquet with speakers: Rep. Bob Behnen, Rep. Ted Farnen, Associate Commissioner of Higher Education, Joe Martin, and Phil Santoli of Lincoln University. On Saturday several workshops were held with facilitators Maggie Brown and Matt McFeeley from the United Council of Wisconsin, Sam Garman and Bethany Ordaz. Bylaws for the organization were adopted and several amendments were made to the constitution. The first official Board of SAM was elected with the following officers, President Bethany Ordaz of Truman State University, Vice President Ryan Bauer of Northwest Missouri State University, Treasurer Adam Schaefer of Southeast Missouri State University, Secretary Kara Arnn of Southwest Missouri State University and Legislative Director Remington Barrett Smith of Truman State University. The board had there first meeting on October 26, 2002 in Columbia, Missouri during which SAM hired a professional lobbyist, Scott Swain, as well as developed a budget, policy platform, and legislative agenda.

Dissolution
In 2003 the Student Association of Missouri came under fire by students at Truman State University who grew concerned about the insularity and questionable effectiveness of the organization. The now-defunct website samrefund.com appeared in October 2003 to immediate controversy. The website offered student members of SAM an easy way to request a refund of their SAM member dues. While the dues were monetarily insignificant -- only one or two dollars -- the symbolic effect was felt when over 200 students requested their dues refund in under a week. The samrefund.com website was terminated after only a month when SAM announced an abrupt change in its member policies: it would no longer accept refund requests by e-mail.

Three months later, in February 2004, the spiritual successor to samrefund.com appeared. The online investigative newsmagazine The SAM Report (originally located at thesamreport.com but discontinued after the dissolution of SAM) provided a new perspective on SAM's finances and political structure. The website generated many hits from all of SAM's member university networks.

In March 2004, the students of Truman State University assembled a petition of over 900 student signatures to put SAM to a referendum at the next student government election. The referendum would decide whether Truman State University would remain a dues-paying member of SAM for the following year. At the election in April 2004, students overwhelmingly chose to terminate Truman State University's affiliation with the Student Association of Missouri.

At the same time that Truman State students were mobilizing against SAM, student leaders from Southeast Missouri State University began a push to pull out of the organization as well. Four out of the five Southeast student representatives to SAM were on record as supporting a complete withdrawal. The Southeast representatives claimed that the leadership of SAM had continually ignored their University, which was a full paying member, and gave priority and favorable treatment to other non-paying institutions.

Two of the student representatives to SAM, Adam Hanna along with former SAM treasurer and Southeast Student Government President Adam Schaefer, ran on the same ticket in the Southeast Student Government election on a platform that advocated pulling out of SAM. Their opponent in the election, Dane Huxel, was also a representative to SAM who favored staying in the student organization. To add to the divisiveness, the fourth SAM representative at Southeast, former SAM Speaker of the Assembly Paul Norman wrote a column in the campaus newspaper favoring withdrawal from SAM and supporting the Hanna/Schaefer ticket. However, Dane Huxel easily won the election and became the Student Government President at Southeast. Hanna was later elected to two terms as Student Government President.

Huxel's victory would not last long. At the first meeting after being sworn in as President, Huxel faced a student senate that overwhelmingly passed a resolution calling for withdrawal from SAM against his wishes. Shortly after the defeat, the university's Board of Regents voted to sever its ties with the Student Association of Missouri.

With the loss of SEMO as a full member and faced by the continuing pressure of The SAM Report on the Truman campus, SAM President Jesse Holcomb resigned on January 13, 2005 for "personal reasons." With the earlier resignation of SAM Vice President Stephanie Amick and there being no aduquate provision for executive succession, SAM was leaderless until supporters of SAM at Truman State University appointed Angela Crawford, a student at Truman (whose only prior experience with the organization was as legislative director) as acting President of the Student Association of Missouri.

The only remaining dues-paying member school, Missouri Western State College, withdrew from the organization on January 31, 2005. On February 6, 2005 President Crawford announced SAM's dissolution before the Truman Student Senate saying that SAM would "no longer operate as an organization." The Student Association of Missouri was dissolved in the following months.

Electoral history
The Bulldog Party has participated in student elections since its incarnation. Its first presidential nominee Keith Ziegelman was defeated in the 1999 student election. Under the leadership of Amanda Brink, Derek Spellman, Chris Ross and John Hilton the party carried on surviving this initial setback to compete in the Spring 2000 election. Bulldog presidential nominee John Halski missed winning the 2000 election by three votes out of over 1100 cast.

In 2001 Matt Brooker and John Hilton were decisively elected president and vice president, respectively and the party won majority control of the student senate for the first time. The party would suffer setbacks in the 2002 election when it failed to win any of the executive board races although it did retain the senate majority. In the 2003 election the party did not nominate a presidential candidate but did endorse an alternate ticket called the Action Party led by presidential candidate Rory Roundtree and included three other Bulldog Party candidates running for executive board. The 2003 election resulted in another setback at the polls. From the Action ticket only Bulldog Party vice presidential nominee Stephanie Amick would be victorious. The party also lost the senate majority for a time, winning only 8 of 20 voting seats but would regain the majority over the course of the term.

In 2004 the party was successful at the polls when its nominee Laura Keck was elected student body president and party again won a majority in the student senate. The 2005 election was also successful for the party. Bulldog presidential nominee Mark Kirtland was elected student body president with 74 percent of the vote, and the party won eight of 15 student senate seats open. During the fall 2005 election, the party won 9 of 10 open seats.

The spring election of 2006 brought an unprecedented election victory for the party. All ten Bulldog Party candidates won their respective elections and claimed a third consecutive presidential win with the election of Angela Crawford as student body president with a 500 vote lead over her opponent.

In the spring election of 2007 the party ran nine candidates who were elected in an uncontested senate race. However, after a record voter turnout, the party's presidential candidate Becky Hadley was defeated by independent Matthew Szewczyk who won by 89 votes.

Student Association of Missouri
During the 2001 student presidency of Matt Brooker, Bulldog Party members Bethany Ordaz and Wayne Yocum, acting through the student senate, helped organize a successful convention of Missouri colleges at the State Capitol Building in Jefferson City, Missouri which resulted in the formation of the Student Association of Missouri which also advocated lobbying the Missouri government on securing a voting student representative on the governing board of all Missouri universities.

Organization
ASUM is governed by a Board of Directors composed of students elected from the various student governments of the UM System. The Board hires an Executive Director, Legislative Director, Assistant Legislative Director and legislative assistants to help operate the organization and implement its legislative agenda.

Member institutions

 * University of Missouri
 * University of Missouri–Kansas City
 * Missouri University of Science and Technology
 * University of Missouri–St. Louis

Relations with Non-UM System students
In 2001 a group of Missouri students formed the Student Association of Missouri, which sought to unite all students in Missouri in a common voice to lobby the state government. ASUM maintained its mission to represent only UM System students and did not recognized SAM as a uniting force. Although officially SAM maintained a position of cooperation with ASUM, the two organizations rarely collaborated and were considered more adversarial. Much of this may have been due to that fact that most of the students behind the formation of SAM were from Truman State University (which maintained a delegation of legislative interns second only to ASUM in the Missouri General Assembly), and ASUM perceived SAM as Truman's own student lobbying arm despite its stated mission. With the dissolution of SAM in 2005, ASUM is again the only student organized lobbying organization in Missouri.

Executive Branch
The executive branch of the MSA consists of the President and Vice President along with the executive cabinet. The president and vice president are elected annually from the student body and run as a ticket during the fall semester. The president acts as head of the executive branch and performs such duties assigned to the office by the MSA constitution. The vice president, in addition to assuming the office of the president if a vacancy occurs, performs duties traditionally associated with treasurer. The president is empowered to appoint assistants that require MSA Senate confirmation, one of these assistants must be designated Chief of Staff. Additionally the president must appoint directors to each of the following executive departments which also require MSA senate confirmation.

 * Department of Student Services
 * Department of Student Activities
 * Department of Student Communication

Each of these departments offer specialized student services that enable the MSA to serve the student body.

The Executive Branch also oversees each of MSA's seven auxiliaries:
 * Box Office
 * Craft Studio
 * Design Center
 * KCOU
 * MUTV
 * STRIPES
 * Student Legal Services

Legislative Branch
The legislative authority of the MSA rests in the senate, which is composed of senators elected annually in both the fall and winter semesters and the nonvoting President and Vice President of the student body. The composition of the senate is established in the MSA constitution. The Senate is chaired by a Speaker elected from the senate. Additional officers of the senate are the committee chairs, Clerk, assistant clerk, Parliamentarian and Sergeant-at-Arms. The senate has six standing committees which are as follows:

 * Academic Affairs
 * Campus & Community Relations
 * Operations
 * Student Affairs
 * Budget
 * Multicultural

The MSA senate also has sole power to impeach and remove from office the members of the other branches of the MSA. As of 2005 the MSA senate is in its 44th session.

Judicial Branch
The judicial authority of the MSA resides in the Student Court which consists of nine justices one of which is designated Chief Justice, who presides over the court and is the principal adminsitrator to the branch. Each justice is nominated by the Court, appointed by the President, and confirmed by the Senate. The justices serve for the duration of their membership in the MSA or until resignation, removal or death. The Student Court has authority to hear all cases and controversies in law and equity arising under the constitution or by-laws of the MSA and has appellate jurisdiction over all cases from inferior courts established under the MSA. Student Court used to work with the Office of Judicial Services in the peer adjudication process. However, starting in the fall of 2006, a new court, called the Judicial Peer Advisory Council, was set up to hear these cases.

Compensation
Several officers of the MSA are given compensation allowances for the duration of their terms in office which are as follows:

 * President of the MSA: $2097 per fall and winter semester and $1306 per summer.
 * Vice President of the MSA: $1904 per fall and winter semester and $1192 per summer.
 * Director of Student Activities: $1454 per fall and winter semester and $1092 per summer.
 * Director of Student Services: $1454 per fall and winter semester and $1092 per summer.
 * Director of Student Communication: $1454 per fall and winter semester and $1092 per summer.
 * Speaker of the Senate: $1618 per fall and winter semester and $1014 per summer.
 * The Two Clerks of the Senate: $450 per fall and winter semester.
 * Chief Justice of the Student Court: $1250 per fall and winter semester.
 * The President's Chief of Staff: $450 per fall and winter semester.

Current Officers

As of 2007 the current officers of the MSA are as follows:

Offices
The MSA has a suite of offices located in Brady Commons on the campus in Columbia, Missouri. These offices contain work areas for the various student organizations on the Mizzou campus as well as private offices for the MSA President, MSA Vice President and Speaker of the Senate. The senate holds its sessions in the Memorial Union on the Mizzou campus. Student Court can hold closed hearings to review written briefs submitted by the involved parties, or hold open hearings when oral arguments are deemed necessary.

Member groups
The MSA recognizes and has cooperative agreements with some independent student organizations. The Associated Students of the University of Missouri has a good faith agreement to work with the MSA. In recent years MSA senator Daniel French attempted to pass a cooperative agreement with the Student Association of Missouri, the MSA had authorized a delegation to observe the formation of the Student Association of Missouri and the Mizzou delegation was recognized by the Student Association of Missouri but the MSA senate did not vote to join or pass a cooperative agreement with the Student Association of Missouri.

title: User:BCV


text:
Edmonton Grads

The Edmonton Grads were a Canadian women's basketball team based in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada active from 1912 – 1940. The team continues to hold the North American record for the women's sports team with the best winning percentage. The Grads won the first women's world title in basketball in 1924.

Origins
In 1912, 25-year-old teacher John Percy Page had moved from Ontario to Edmonton, Alberta, where he was employed by local high schools to organize commercial classes. Page soon taught commercial classes at the newly established McDougall High School. When Page decided to organize basketball teams for the school, his teaching assistant chose to coach the boys team, while Page coached the girls. Despite having only a basic knowledge of basketball, Page improved his understanding of the sport through study. He held practices twice-weekly. The high school had no gymnasium, so students practiced basketball on an outdoor court throughout the year, even during frigid winter weathe r. Beginning their first year of competitive play in 1914, the McDougall High School girls team won a local high school tournament.

Upon graduation from McDougall High School in mid-1915, the team members decided they wanted to continue playing basketball, establishing what eventually became the Commercial Graduates Basketball Club. Their new basketball team was called the Commercial Graduates (known informally as "the Grads"). Page remained coach for the team. Members were recruited primarily from McDougall High School students and graduates, but also from other business and technical schools. Page also established a feeder system to train and recruit his new players: promising high school students were invited to join a secondary team called the Gradettes, and the best Gradettes were promoted to the Grads whenever a space opened up.

Early years
In 1915, the Grads defeated women's basketball teams across Alberta to become provincial champions. Teams were allowed to challenge the title holders to a match at any time during the year—with a three-month wait between rematches, if defeated—and the Grads successfully held on to their trophy for the next several years. In 1917, with a growing reputation for beating all challengers, the Grads retained their provincial champion status without needing to defend it once.

On April 27, 1919, the University of Alberta Varsity team challenged the Grads, winning the match by two points and taking the trophy. In November of that year, the Grads had a rematch and successfully regained their title as provincial champions. The University of Alberta challenged the Grads again in April 1920 and lost the match, but immediately demanded another game, complaining that the Grads had improperly allowed a younger high-school-aged player on their team. After another game, the Grads lost the title to their rivals once more.

North American Underwood Trophy
In 1923, Canadian and American women's basketball champion teams competed for the first international Underwood Trophy. The Edmonton Grads faced off against the Cleveland Favorite-Knits and defeated them with a two-game score of 53–33, becoming the inaugural Underwood Trophy winners.

Olympic games
The Grads retained their amateur status to make sure they would be eligible for the Olympics if basketball was made an official Olympic sport. In 1924, the Grads were invited to play at the summer Olympic games in Paris. They won every game, defeating women's teams from Paris, Roubaix, Strasbourg and Lille with an average score of 60–10. After their final match, the team traveled through Europe on holiday. Page and two of his players — Winnie Martin and Daisy Johnson — returned to Paris for the third congress of the Fédération Sportive Féminine Internationale (International Women's Sports Federation). The federation formally admitted Canada as a member and declared the Grads world basketball champions, permitting the team to hold the title until the next world games.

Returning home as world champions, the Grads gained new sponsors and financial support in Canada. Page secured the Edmonton Arena as a permanent home venue for the team. Although the Grads were hopeful of returning to Europe for the Women's World Games of 1926, basketball was not included at that year's event, and the Grads remained in North America to compete against Canadian and American teams.

Over the next two years, the Grads advocated for the inclusion of basketball — both men's and women's — as a sport at the 1928 Summer Olympics. Despite support from the Canadian Olympic Committee, this request was denied by the International Olympic Committee, and basketball did not receive a place on the program. However, the Fédération Sportive Féminine Internationale had organized a European women's basketball tour in cooperation with the Olympics, and the federation invited the Grads to travel to Amsterdam, Netherlands, to defend their world title. After winning the Canadian women's championship of 1928, the Grads arrived in Europe and played nine matches. They won every match, beating most teams by 60 or 70 points, and the Grads finished their tour by defeating the French champions by 46–14.

In addition to dominating their sport in North America, the Grads also took on the best teams in Europe, ultimately defeating challengers in Paris, London, Amsterdam, and Berlin. The Grads swept four consecutive Olympic Games from 1924 to 1936, winning all 24 Olympic matches they played. This achievement was unrecognized on the medal podium, however, as women's basketball did not become an official Olympic sport until the 1976 summer games in Montreal.

Disbandment
In 1940, the Royal Canadian Air Force took over the Edmonton Arena for wartime use, depriving the Grads of a local space in which to play against international teams. The commencement of World War II disrupted regular basketball competition throughout Europe and beyond, causing the cancellation of tournaments and championships and making it increasingly difficult for sports teams to travel. Additionally, despite Page's continuous efforts to find suitable competition over the years, no team had ever proven themselves consistently good enough to be a clear rival for the Grads. The Grads' dominance in basketball no longer attracted the same attention it had before, and regular game attendance had been shrinking.

In May 1940, the Grads won their last Canadian championship before disbanding. Dr. James Naismith, the inventor of basketball, called the Grads the "finest basketball team that ever stepped out on a floor."

Some Grads players went on to join other Canadian basketball teams, such as the Comets and the Hedlunds. The Grads continued to stay in touch with each other after disbandment, meeting for reunions every four years. In 1961, the Grads decided to form an official organization to help them stay connected and answer public inquiries about the team. They established the Edmonton Grads Club, beginning to collect and preserve archive material and memorabilia, and the group continued to hold official reunions until 1987.

On July 23, 2018, the last surviving member of the Grads, Kay MacBeth, died at the age of 96.

Head coach
Page encouraged his players to "play basketball, think basketball, and dream basketball." He put firm emphasis on the moral behavior of his team, insisting that the Grads strive for a clean game at all times. During road trips, Page enforced a curfew, and players were discouraged from drinking or smoking. He was described by his players as "a nice man and a wonderful gentleman".

After the team disbanded in 1940, Page was subsequently elected to the Alberta legislature, where he served as a politician until 1959. In late 1959, at the age of 72, Page became lieutenant-governor of Alberta. He held the position until 1966. Page died in 1973, due to complications of pneumonia.

Record
Official records have traditionally stated that the Grads played a total of 522 official games between 1915 and 1940, with 502 wins and 20 losses. This gives the team an overall win-loss percentage of 96.2%.

Biographer M. Ann Hall has suggested that this total number of games played (522) may be incorrect, partially because official record-keeping of the Grads' games only began to be taken seriously after their national championship win in 1922. Based on her research, Hall proposes that the Grads played a total of 412 games, with 392 wins and 20 losses. This approach would affect the team's winning percentage only slightly (95.1%).

Legacy

As the most successful women's basketball team of the early 20th century, the Edmonton Grads made news headlines across North America and as far away as Hong Kong and the Philippines. Their success had a strong impact on public attitudes towards female athletes, making it more socially acceptable for women to play sports. The Grads National Basketball Championship in 1932 was essential to the Edmonton Rustlers women's hockey team, helping them gain support to travel east and play the Preston Rivulettes for the national hockey title.

When the Canadian Press polled sportscasters and sports editors across the country in 1950, the Grads were voted Canada's greatest basketball team of the first half of the 20th century. In 1976 the Grads' success was designated a National Historic Event. Two years later, Parks Canada dedicated a plaque in the team's honour. In 1983, the Canada Basketball Hall of Fame inducted the entire team roster of 38 players. In 1987, the National Film Board released a documentary about the team entitled Shooting Stars. In the late 1980s, the city of Edmonton established Edmonton Grads Park in Westmount, installing a permanent historical display.

In 2010, the Women's Basketball Hall of Fame in Knoxville, Tennessee, commemorated the Grads with an honorary plaque. In 2014, Canada Basketball launched its first Edmonton Grads International Classic event, named in honour of the Grads. Taking place every two years, this event has pitted the Canada women's national basketball team against teams from Brazil, China and Turkey. A non-profit organization called the Edmonton Grads Basketball Centre currently operates out of the Saville Centre in Edmonton, where they offer summer basketball programs for girls. In 2015, a mural dedicated to the Grads was unveiled at the Saville Centre, and the board of governors of the Edmonton Grads Basketball Centre announced they would begin awarding an annual Commercial Grads scholarship to members of the University of Alberta Pandas women's basketball team.

The Grads were awarded the Order of Sport and inducted into Canada's Sports Hall of Fame in 2017. That same year, Historica Canada released a Heritage Minute clip about the team for International Women's Day.

On November 9, 2019, the Grads were featured in a Google Doodle celebrating the team.

title: Edmonton Grads


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Richard Harris (writer)

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete -- Francs2000 | Talk 12:19, 5 August 2005 (UTC)

Richard Harris (writer)
See also: Faces of Korea, Hollym & Roadmap to Korean

User just spams himself, his books, and his publisher.

 * Tentative keep--article names published books and a radio show. Of course that could be inflated in a way. Everyking 07:29, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Neutral. Arguably notable -- certainly significant in the SK expat community, though not outside of it -- but I don't see any point in encouraging this sort of article. -- Visviva 16:25, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. I've already spent more time on this VfD than the article itself is worth. -- Visviva 01:39, 26 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete: vanity, advert. We don't, and won't, have articles on most published writers. Wile E. Heresiarch 19:26, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Using my personal criterion: Amazon sales rank number < 200,000 = sufficiently notable. This book, ISBN 1565912144, has an Amazon.com Sales Rank: #568,826 in Books. For comparison: Don Oberdorfer, The Two Koreas: A Contemporary History (Revised and Updated Edition), ISBN 65051626, Amazon.com Sales Rank: #56,024 in Books. For a sense of what a rank of 568,826 probably means: I personally know of a book that has sold less than fifty copies which has a sales rank in the 700,000s. Dpbsmith (talk) 01:36, 24 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. I live in Seoul and I know how his books are dealt with in Korean bookstores and how actively he is working with publishers and broadcasting stations here. As a reader of his, I am sure he has great potential as a writer, not only in Korea in the future.
 * Above posted by User:Hyoun-Kyoung Kim. This is the user's first edit. -- Visviva 10:39, 24 July 2005 (UTC)

G.P.Witteveen 19:36, 25 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep-- I've worked through Roadmap.., which is due out 7/2005 in its second edition. I've done foreign language courses in a half dozen languages and what his book does for Korean is something I wish for in all other languages: sociolinguistic detail, learner "in hindsight" commentary, overall schema for approaching various parts of the language/society. About the basis for Wiki presence/absence, I can't say, but weighed in terms of significance of Roadmap to Korean for English-language native speakers taking up the Category IV language like Korean, this book is valuable.
 * Above posted by User:216.157.203.65, who has no other edits. User:G.P.Witteveen does not exist. --Visviva 01:39, 26 July 2005 (UTC)

The "Faces of Korea" is especially enthralling now, as propoganda mounts around North Korea, and one is curious about why people would choose to live in Korea. User:E. McHugh, July 25,2005
 * KEEP -Roadmap to Korean is the most complete and thorough introduction to the Korean language of its kind. It provides a unique look into the 70 million people who speak the language around the world today. I live in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. We celebrate the cultural diversity of our country. I am constantly asked by colleagues why bookstores like Indigo do not carry more books, authored by Canadians, living abroad. In the past month alone I know that this book has been requested by a British author, 4 Canadian authors from Japan (living in Canada), the University of Toronto, George Brown College, York University and McGill University.
 * Above posted by User:69.195.67.61, who has no other edits.-- 01:39, 26 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete nn vanity. JamesBurns 03:48, 26 July 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


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Shōwa financial crisis

The Shōwa Financial Crisis (昭和金融恐慌) was a financial panic in 1927, during the first year of the reign of Emperor Hirohito of Japan, and was a foretaste of the Great Depression. It brought down the government of Prime Minister Wakatsuki Reijirō and led to the domination of the zaibatsu over the Japanese banking industry.

The Shōwa Financial Crisis occurred after the post–World War I business boom in Japan. Many companies invested heavily in increased production capacity in what proved to be an economic bubble. The post-1920 economic slowdown and the Great Kantō earthquake of 1923 caused an economic depression, which led to the failures of many businesses. The government intervened through the Bank of Japan by issuing discounted "earthquake bonds" to overextended banks. In January 1927, when the government proposed to redeem the bonds, rumor spread that the banks holding these bonds would go bankrupt. In the ensuing bank run, 37 banks throughout Japan (including the Bank of Taiwan), and the second-tier zaibatsu Suzuki Shoten, went under. Prime Minister Wakatsuki Reijirō attempted to have an emergency decree issued to allow the Bank of Japan to extend emergency loans to save these banks, but his request was denied by the Privy Council, and he was forced to resign.

Wakatsuki was succeeded by Prime Minister Tanaka Giichi, who managed to control the situation with a three-week bank holiday and the issuance of emergency loans; however, as a result of the collapse of many smaller banks, the large financial branches of the five great zaibatsu houses dominated Japanese finances until the end of World War II.

title: Shōwa financial crisis


text:
Joe Connelly (writer)

Joe Connelly is an American writer, best known for his first novel, Bringing Out the Dead, which was made into an eponymous film. A native of New York City, he now lives in the Adirondacks with his wife and family.

Biography
Connelly was born in St Clare’s Hospital in Hell's Kitchen, where his mother worked and where she had met his father years before (at a dance in the basement). They were working-class, and he was raised in Warwick, New York. Having secured a scholarship to become the first member of his family to go to college, after three years he dropped out of Colgate University and, before publishing his first novel, worked as a paramedic for nine years, back at St. Clare's. He wrote in his spare time over that period, in a small flat in the Upper West Side and while living in Ireland and travelling in Eastern Europe for a considerable period. During this time, Connelly was encouraged by a creative writing professor at Columbia University.

Bringing Out the Dead (1998) is autobiographical in nature and follows the story of a paranoid, hollow-eyed paramedic who works the graveyard shift in Hell's Kitchen, the barrio bounding the phantasmagoria of Times Square. Having seen so much human suffering on the job, the main character of the book, Frank, has turned inwards, despondent to the point of becoming a drunk, his life a living hell. The novel was an immediate bestseller on publication, and was optioned for $100,000, eventually making its way to production as a major motion picture of the same name in 1999. Bringing Out the Dead was directed by Martin Scorsese and the screenplay was adapted by Paul Schrader. Though the film was a critical success, it fell short of box office expectations.

His second novel, Crumbtown (2003), didn't sell as well as the first. Although the book's characters were the trademark down-and-out personalities of Connelly's debut novel, he was criticized for relying on well-trodden clichés.

title: Joe Connelly (writer)