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Mevius

Mevius (メビウス), previously called Mild Seven (マイルドセブン), is a Japanese brand of cigarettes, currently owned and manufactured by Japan Tobacco.

History
Mevius was launched in 1977 under the name Mild Seven. It was intended to be a mild version of the Seven Stars brand. It was launched overseas, again as Mild Seven, in 1981. It was the first brand with a charcoal filter in an American blend in Japan. Initially it was intended to treat Mild Seven similarly to Seven Stars, but JT changed the F1 participation brand from Cabin (another Japanese brand owned by JT) to Mild Seven in 1994, and the vertical blue left side of the white background was changed to a belt design. At the time, the advertising slogan "The blue world of Mild Seven" was used in television commercials, and after that blue became the colour of choice for the brand.

The cigarettes are the third most widely smoked cigarette in the world with 76.5 billion around the world, behind Marlboro and Camel. Under the Mild Seven name, Mevius was a top seller. It is now the second largest cigarette brand in the world.

On August 8, 2012, Japan Tobacco announced that the Mild Seven brand name would be changed to Mevius, due to legislation around the branding of cigarettes as "mild" in some countries; and in an attempt to strengthen the brand's "premium image". The name change began in Japan in February, followed by Singapore and Korea the following month.

Counterfeit Mild Sevens from North Korea
In 2006, it was reported that counterfeit Mild Seven cigarettes were smuggled and sold outside of Japan.

The pack design is very similar but the quality of the cigarettes such as scent and taste are not. The tobacco used in the counterfeit cigarettes is not comparable with genuine brands.

According to the survey results both inside and outside of Japan, there is strong suspicion that these fake cigarette are manufactured as a part of the foreign currency fund acquisition activity by North Korea.

Mild Sevens recalled due to faulty filter
In December 2007, Japan Tobacco recalled some of the Mild Seven brand cigarettes sold in stores in Tokyo and neighbouring prefectures because of faulty filters.

Japan Tobacco said 14,500 cigarettes would be recalled, including 2,500 faulty ones, which were shipped to 225 stores in Tokyo and three other prefectures on December 13, 2007. The faulty filters of the cigarettes were not glued on properly and were likely to come off, the company said.

Japan Tobacco planned to finish the recall by the end of Wednesday, said company spokeswoman Shoko Hamamoto.

JTI Korea pays Instagram users to promote Mevius
In September 2017, it was reported that JTI Korea had been paying Instagram users who had a lot of followers to post photos of its Mevius brand cigarettes, according to a document obtained by The Korea Times.

In return, Instagram "influencers," most of whom were men in their 20s and 30s, are said to have received as much as 5 million Won (approximately US$4,400) for each post. These photos primarily aim to spark interest in Mevius among women who follow young, fashion-savvy men who upload photos of their daily lives. A bigger program with JTI's marketing on the photo-centered social networking service (SNS) platform is that underage users are indiscriminately exposed to these photos glamorizing cigarettes because anyone, regardless of age, can join Instagram and view pictures posted by others. In Korea's "Tobacco Business Act", there are no specific rules yet governing cigarette makers' marketing and sales activities on Instagram, Facebook and other SNS platforms.

One Instagram user came forward and informed The Korea Times of Instagram Influencer Guidelines to let the public know about JTI Korea's dubious SNS marketing. He said he was approached by a person from JTI Korea's marketing team in June 2017. "JTI systematically recruited young male Instagram users who have at least 10,000 followers" the user said anonymously. "I heard they were offered 4 to 5 million Won for each post for a month, depending on the number of their followers. The users were given this piece of paper outlining how they should take photos and depict them". The company's marketing tactic is disgraceful, he said, stressing minors, particularly young girls, have been exposed to hundreds of photos that beautify smoking. "Many young girls closely follow these handsome men in their 20s and 30s who regularly post photos of their well-shaped bodies. They have certainly viewed many of these Mevius pictures" the user said. "I decided to let people know about JTI's unethical marketing, due to concerns that teenagers may become more inclined to smoke cigarettes".

JTI's guidelines outline how Instagram users take photos and what phrases they should use when depicting photos. However, JTI Korea denied drawing up such guidelines, stressing it had never conducted marketing on SNS. "Our company's internal policies forbid illegal marketing activities" a company official said. "JTI Korea strictly observes all relevant domestic laws in our business affairs".

Controversy over using tobacco leaves near Fukushima
There has been a controversy online about the spread of rumors that Mild Seven is manufacturing tobacco leaves near the Fukushima nuclear plant accident in Japan. Some have suggested that Mild Seven changed its name to Mevius in order to avoid such suspicion. However, the controversy was overcome by JTI Korea's official statement that "Mevius does not use Japanese tobacco at all"

Formula 1
Japan Tobacco was, through Mild Seven, the title sponsor of the Benetton Formula One team beginning with the 1994 Formula One season. This association continued after Benetton was acquired by Renault. It was to remain with Renault F1 until the end of the 2009 Formula One season, but due to European Tobacco Regulations, the company had to end their association with Renault at the end of the 2006 Formula One season and ING became their main sponsor from 2007 onwards. For races where tobacco branding was not allowed, the logo was blocked out, and replaced by "Team Spirit".

Next to Benetton and Renault, Mild Seven sponsored both Tyrrell Racing, from 1994 to 1996, and Minardi in 1997 as a result of a sponsorship deal with Japanese driver Ukyo Katayama.

Other sports
At the end of the 1990s to early 2000s, Japanese tobacco companies were not allowed to advertise their products in China due to the still lingering tensions of World War II. So Japan Tobacco decided to hold an "Eco-challenge" style adventure race – sponsored by Mild Seven cigarettes. Thus was born the "Mild Seven Outdoor Quest". Dan Morris was the official photographer for this event from 1997-2001. This event took him to a number of beautiful spots in Western China including Dali City, Lijiang and Xijiang (home of the Chinese space program). Top athletes such as Team Eco-Internet, Mike Pigg and Paula Newby-Fraser would regularly compete in this event.

In 2001, Mild Seven was the official sponsor of the "Mild Seven Pool Challenge".

Marketing
During the 1980s and 1990s, JTI created various TV advertisements to promote Mild Seven cigarettes, both in English and Japanese.

Various poster advertisements were also made to advertise both Mild Seven and Mevius cigarettes.

In Hong Kong, Mild Seven also appeared on buses as an advertisement in the 1980s and 1990s.

Markets
Mevius is mainly sold in Japan, but also was or still is sold in the United Kingdom, Germany, Austria, Poland, Belarus, Russia, Morocco, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Nepal, Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam, Malaysia, Singapore, China, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Myanmar, South Korea and the United States.

In popular culture

 * In the anime Great Teacher Onizuka, Mild Seven are the cigarettes smoked by the protagonist Eikichi Onizuka.
 * In the novel by the Japanese author Koushun Takami Battle Royale one of the protagonists, Shōgo Kawada, was smoking a cigarette brand called Wild Seven, an evident parody of Mild Seven.
 * In the manga Cat's Eyes, the clumsy inspector Matthew (Toshio) is an avid smoker of Mild Seven, who unlike other brands (such as Suzuki which becomes Zusuki) appear with the true name.
 * In the manga Tobacco chan, the main female cigarette is an anthropomorphic version of Mevius Super Lights.
 * In the manga series Tokyo Babylon and X by CLAMP, Mild Seven is the brand of cigarettes smoked by Seishirō Sakurazuka. His ex-lover Subaru Sumeragi later smokes Mild Seven as well.
 * In the final chapter of the manga Ajin: Demi-Human, Ikuya Ogura starts smoking Mevius cigarettes.
 * In the anime “Paranoia Agent” a side character smokes Mild Seven with a fictional “charcoal filter” detail written on the box.

title: Mevius


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Charles IV, Duke of Alençon

Charles IV of Alençon (2 September 1489 in Alençon – 11 April 1525 in Lyon) was the son of René of Alençon and Margaret of Vaudémont.

He succeeded his father in 1492 as Duke of Alençon and Count of Perche, and was also Count of Armagnac, Fézensac, Viscount of Rodez, Count of Fezensaguet, l'Isle-Jourdain, and Perdiac.

In 1509 he married Margaret of Angoulême, sister to Francis, Duke of Valois, who would in 1515 become King Francis I of France. Their marriage was childless: his wife was allowed to retain most of his titles.

As first prince of the blood, Charles was a prominent figure in the early part of his brother-in-law's reign. Made governor of Normandy, Charles fought at Marignano in 1515, and in 1521 defended Champagne against an imperial invasion. He accompanied his brother-in-law, King Francis I of France, on his second expedition to Italy in 1525, and after the disaster at Pavia, took command of the defeated French forces, leading them in retreat back to French territory. He was made a scapegoat for the defeat and accused of abandoning the king, and died soon after. Although Charles had a sister, Françoise, who survived him, his widow took possession of his lands after his death.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Charles IV, Duke of Alençon


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Denver Center for the Performing Arts

The Denver Center for the Performing Arts (DCPA) is an organization in Denver, Colorado which provides a showcase for live theatre, a nurturing ground for new plays, a preferred stop on the Broadway touring circuit, acting classes for the community and rental facilities. It was founded in 1972.

The Denver Center for the Performing Arts is the largest tenant of the Denver Performing Arts Complex (Arts Complex) which is a four-block, 12 acre site containing ten performance spaces with over 10,000 seats. It is owned and partially operated by Arts and Venues Denver.

History
Both the DCPA and the Arts Complex were the vision of Donald Seawell. Finding himself at 14th and Curtis streets in downtown Denver one day and looking at the old Auditorium Theatre and the surrounding four blocks, Seawell had an idea for a first-class arts complex. Seawell's original vision was much broader and included other entities (see Previous Entities below) that no longer are part of the Center.

Ground was broken in December 1974. By 1978 Boettcher Concert Hall — the nation's first in-the-round concert hall — was completed, along with an eight-story, 1,700-space parking garage. By 1979 the Auditorium Theatre had been renovated, creating the state-of-the-art Ellie Caulkins Opera House. Inside the auditorium, two cabaret spaces had been added. The Helen G. Bonfils Theatre Complex opened with four theatres now known as The Wolf, The Singleton, The Kilstrom, and The Jones theatres.

The Temple Hoyne Buell Theatre was completed in 1991, the Seawell Grand Ballroom was added in 1998, and The Weeks Conservatory Theatre opened in 2002.

The Ellie Caulkins Opera House was completely renovated in 2005.

Venues

 * 1) Temple Hoyne Buell Theatre — 2,880 seats
 * 2) Ellie Caulkins Opera House — 2,225 seats
 * 3) Seawell Ballroom — 1,095 capacity
 * 4) Wolf Theatre — 610 seats
 * 5) Kilstrom Theatre — 380 seats
 * 6) Singleton Theatre — 200 seats
 * 7) Garner Galleria Theatre — 210 seats
 * 8) Jones Theatre — 200 seats
 * 9) Weeks Conservatory Theatre — 185 seats

Governance
Now led by President & CEO Janice Sinden, The Denver Center for the Performing Arts is currently the largest tenant of the Denver Performing Arts Complex. The Denver Center organizes, oversees, and presents work by the following entities:
 * The Denver Center Theatre Company (DCTC) was created in 1979 as the region's largest resident, professional theatre company. Under the leadership of Edward Payson Call (1979 to 1983), Donovan Marley (1984 to 2005), Kent Thompson (2005 to 2017) and Chris Coleman (2017 to present), the Theatre Company has created an impressive body of classic and contemporary drama and world premieres. In acknowledgment of this work, the DCTC received the 1998 Tony Award for Outstanding Regional Theatre. HIGHLIGHTS: Stage director Israel Hicks took on the challenge posed by Donovan Marley and directed August Wilson's entire 10-play Pittsburgh Cycle over a two-decade period starting in 1990. Kent Thompson launched the Women's Voices Fund (the first endowment of its kind in the nation to foster the work of female playwrights) and the Colorado New Play Summit.
 * DCPA Broadway & Cabaret was created by Robert Garner, presenter of national touring companies since 1961, who joined the Center in 1979. When Garner retired in 1992, his hand-picked successor was Randy Weeks (DCPA president and executive director of DCA until his unexpected death in 2014). Now led by John Ekeberg, DCPA Broadway & Cabaret presents Broadway touring shows and its impressive attendance record has made Denver a "pick" city. Disney selected Denver to host its pre-Broadway debut of Frozen and The Little Mermaid, plus Disney's The Lion King, The Book of Mormon, If/Then and Pippen among many others have chosen Denver to launch their national tours. DCA also produces cabaret including the original Denver-based comedy, Girls Only: The Secret Comedy of Women, and I Love You, You’re Perfect, Now Change, which ran for more than four years making it Denver's longest-running musical.
 * The Denver Center’s Education Department was started in October 1984 when the DCPA and the American National Theatre and Academy joined together to establish the National Theatre Conservatory, a three-year graduate acting program, which was phased out in 2012. DCPA Education was added in 1991 as a community school for children and adults in a professional setting. The department now engages with more than 142,000 students through on-site classes, in-school programs and its annual Theatre for Young Audiences production for PreK-3rd grade.
 * The Seawell Ballroom is a 10000 sqft facility with a maximum capacity of 1,029 people. This pentagonal shaped room with panoramic views of the mountains can accommodate a variety of functions and features its own catering kitchen, freight elevator, tables, chairs, portable dance floor, movable platform staging and a state-of-the-art lighting, audio, video and projection systems.
 * Previous Entities which have since left the DCPA include Denver Center Media and Wilber James Gould Voice Center (a consortium member of the National Center for Voice and Speech). Denver Center Media was a full-service video and film production studio, was established in 1983 and received numerous international awards and Emmys for television production, direction and sound design. DCM productions have been broadcast nationally on PBS, cable and overseas networks. Productions include Top of the World, Colcannon, The Moscow String Quartet: At Play in America, Coors Field: Home at Last, Pamoja: A Coming Together and Memory of a Large Christmas. The Gould Voice Center was founded in 1983 and headed, until his death in 1994, by the noted otolaryngologist Dr. Wilbur James Gould and afterwards by world known speech scientist Ingo R. Titze. It was the only such facility in the world that is part of a performing arts organization.  While these entities, along with the other entities, were at the DCPA, the entire conglomerate was unique in the world.

World Theatre Festival, 1982
The World Theatre Festival was held at the center in July 1982. The festival (which had been held in Baltimore previously, known as the International Theater Festival ) comprised a program of 114 performances of 18 plays, by theatre companies from 13 countries, across 25 days. It was organized by Al Kraizer, upon request by the city. The trademark for the event was abandoned after a year.

title: Denver Center for the Performing Arts


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Language delay

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was keep (unanimous). Scimitar parley 17:37, 27 July 2005 (UTC)

Language delay

 * This was never put in the log. --Dmcdevit·t 03:58, July 22, 2005 (UTC)

Cleaned up by adding appropriate content and removing extraneous material. Vote to keep.RToes 22:32, 10 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, but clarify the distinction from speech delay. I can't make sense of it. Gazpacho 04:08, 22 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, Googling reveals it to be a legitimate term. I never heard it before, but then language acquisition isn't my area of linguistics. --Angr/undefined 05:44, 22 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Nandesuka 19:10, 22 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep This article has been seriously cleaned up since it was nominated. -- BMIComp (talk, HOWS MY DRIVING) 00:16, 25 July 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page..


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User:Trinbago

About me
I am Nigel Barry Mahabir, I live in Diego Martin, in Trinidad and Tobago.

I am a Trinidadian of Indian and Irish origins, a webmaster at the Trinidad and Tobago Web Directory. http://www.search.co.tt

I attended Holy Name Preparatory from 1979-1984.

I attended Hillview College from 1984-1989.

In Christmas of 1986 I recieved an Apple IIe Computer.

I attended Sixth form government from 1989-1992.

I attended the University of Leicester reading Chemistry from 1993-1994.

At the University of Leicester i obtain my first email address, nbm2@leicester.ac.uk

In Christmas of 1995, i purchase a Hewlett Packard Pavilion 7030.

I attended the University of the West Indies reading Natural Sciences from 1996-1997.

In 1997 i establish the Trinidad and Tobago Webdirectory at http://trinidad.wow.net

In 2000 the TTWD moved to http://www.search.co.tt

In 2002 i became a member of the Information Technology Professionals Society.

On 30 May 2005 i joined Wikipedia.org

title: User:Trinbago


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User:Ronreed

I have begun using Wikipedia on 2 June 2005 and have enjoyed it as a quick source of information. I hope to use it as a method to document my interests which include flying, rock climbing, Michigan History and business. Currently, I'm working to help develop a combined Economics, Business and Finance portal to improve the organization of the topics.

Professional
I am currently the general partner of Endurance Ventures, a private equity firm in Ann Arbor, Michigan. I am also the chairman of EcoDuro which is a new generation of paper shipping pallet that is recyclable. I am on the boards of National Water & Power and 7th Online. I am a board member of Pennell Ventures and a Venture Partner for Silicon Alley Venture.

Personal Interests
When I can, I enjoy rock climbing. I have been fortunate to learn from Jim Bridwell who has been very generous with his time to teach me how to climb big walls. With Jim I have climbed in Yosemite and have successfully climbed El Capitan and some fun climbs in Nortern Itally.

I am a PADI and NAUI SCUBA diver.

I have fly single engine airplanes and am part owner of a few airplanes in Ann Arbor, MI.

ronreed@yahoo.com

title: User:Ronreed


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Category:Kentucky Colonels players

Kentucky Colonels players played basketball for the Kentucky Colonels of the American Basketball Association from the league's founding in 1967 until the ABA–NBA merger in June 1976.

title: Category:Kentucky Colonels players


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Being Eve

Being Eve is a teen comedy-drama television series from New Zealand, originally shown on TV3 from 2001 to 2002, and later broadcast on Noggin's teen block The N in the United States. Being Eve focuses on a teenage girl, Eve Baxter, and her daily problems. Her parents are divorced but live next door to each other. Eve was in love with a boy named Adam. They broke up at the beginning of the second season, and she ends up with another boy named Sam Hooper, with whom she had her first kiss when they were kids.

The show was created by Gavin Strawhan and Maxine Fleming, who wanted to make a quality show aimed at children ages 9 through 14.

Cast
Fleur Saville was cast in the role of Eve Baxter after open auditions attended by almost 1000 girls throughout New Zealand.

Main characters

 * Fleur Saville as Eve Baxter (26 episodes, 2001–02)
 * Stephen Lovatt as Tim Baxter (26 episodes, 2001–02)
 * Joanna Morrison as Sylvie Stern (26 episodes, 2001–02)
 * Alison Bruce as Vivienne Baxter (26 episodes, 2001–02)
 * Tandi Wright as Alannah Lush (26 episodes, 2001–02)
 * Lionel Wickliffe as Matt Te Ahi (26 episodes, 2001–02)
 * Leighton Cardno as Ned Baxter (26 episodes, 2001–02)
 * Cameron Stanton as Caleb Baxter (26 episodes, 2001–02)
 * Michelle O'Brien as Charlotte Tucker (21 episodes, 2001–02)
 * David de Lautour as Adam Le Beau (15 episodes, 2001–02)
 * Jay Ryan as Sam Hooper (13 episodes, 2002)

Recurring characters

 * Vicki Lin as Melanie (20 episodes, 2001–02)
 * Renee Leonard-Rogers as Melissa (20 episodes, 2001–02)
 * Paul Barrett as Mr. Inglewood (20 episodes, 2001–02)
 * Karl Willetts as Lenny (17 episodes, 2001–02)
 * James Hobby as Floyd (17 episodes, 2001–02)
 * David Taylor as Corban (13 episodes, 2002)
 * Todd Emerson as Harley (8 episodes, 2002)
 * James Napier as Jared Preston (7 episodes, 2001–02)
 * Hannah Tolich as Imogen (6 episodes, 2002)
 * Lee Wenham as Gus (6 episodes, 2001)
 * Sherril Cooper as Ms. Grieveley (5 episodes, 2001–02)
 * Ben Crowder as Librarian (5 episodes, 2001–02)
 * Rosalie Carey as Mrs. Sparrow (5 episodes, 2001)
 * Brett O'Gorman as Oliver Tucker (4 episodes, 2001–02)
 * Wendy Meyer as Mrs. Whittering (4 episodes, 2001)
 * Martin Baynton as Leo (3 episodes, 2001–02)
 * Nicole Whippy as Elektra (3 episodes, 2002)
 * Margaret-Mary Hollins as Sukhita (3 episodes, 2001–02)
 * Jacob Teleiai as Jason (3 episodes, 2001–2002)
 * Tania Anderson as Sal (2 episodes, 2001)
 * Michelle Langstone as Miss Renee (2 episodes, 2001)
 * Jimmy Berkeley as 8 Year Old Ned (2 episodes, 2002)
 * James Stanton as Jack Sherwin (2 episodes, 2002)
 * Sam Wallace as Daniel (2 episodes, 2002)
 * Jodi Russell as Cheerleader Barbie (2 episodes, 2002)
 * Vanessa Saunders as Cheerleader Barbie (2 episodes, 2002)
 * Mandy McMullin as Josie Le Beau (2 episodes, 2001)
 * Richard Lambeth as Scott (2 episodes, 2001)

DVD releases
South Pacific Pictures released Being Eve on DVD in Region 4 for on October 24, 2007. Both seasons were combined on the same DVD release.

title: Being Eve


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Switzerland at the 1896 Summer Olympics

Three competitors from Switzerland competed in two sports at the 1896 Summer Olympics. The Swiss won one championship and placed second in two more events, for a total of three medals. They had 8 entries in 5 events.

Competitors
The following is the list of number of competitors in the Games.

Gymnastics
All of Switzerland's medals were won by Zutter in the gymnastics competitions. Zutter's only event that did not result in a medal was in the horizontal bar. Champaud (see Bulgaria at the 1896 Summer Olympics) entered three events, but did not medal in any.

Shooting
Baumann took 8th of 42 in the military rifle competition.

title: Switzerland at the 1896 Summer Olympics


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Macro-engineering

In engineering, macro-engineering (alternatively known as mega engineering) is the implementation of large-scale design projects. It can be seen as a branch of civil engineering or structural engineering applied on a large landmass. In particular, macro-engineering is the process of marshaling and managing of resources and technology on a large scale to carry out complex tasks that last over a long period. In contrast to conventional engineering projects, macro-engineering projects (called macro-projects or mega-projects) are multidisciplinary, involving collaboration from all fields of study. Because of the size of macro-projects they are usually international.

Macro-engineering is an evolving field that has only recently started to receive attention. Because we routinely deal with challenges that are multinational in scope, such as global warming and pollution, macro-engineering is emerging as a transcendent solution to worldwide problems.

Macro-engineering is distinct from Megascale engineering due to the scales where they are applied. Where macro-engineering is currently practical, mega-scale engineering is still within the domain of speculative fiction because it deals with projects on a planetary or stellar scale.

Projects
Macro engineering examples include the construction of the Panama Canal and the Suez Canal.

Planned projects
Examples of projects include the Channel Tunnel and the planned Gibraltar Tunnel.

Two intellectual centers focused on macro-engineering theory and practice are the Candida Oancea Institute in Bucharest, and The Center for Macro Projects and Diplomacy at Roger Williams University in Bristol, Rhode Island.

title: Macro-engineering


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Roças

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result was   speedy delete. Speedy deleted back in 2005. :) · Salvidrim!  ·  ✉  22:38, 20 May 2013 (UTC)

Roças
This belongs into Wiktionary. Adam78 22:34, 10 July 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review). No further edits should be made to this page.

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Roças


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Super black

Super black is a surface treatment developed at the National Physical Laboratory (NPL) in the United Kingdom. It absorbs approximately 99.6% of visible light at normal incidence, while conventional black paint absorbs about 97.5%. At other angles of incidence, super black is even more effective: at an angle of 45°, it absorbs 99.9% of light.

Technology
The technology to create super black involves chemically etching a nickel-phosphorus alloy.

Applications of super black are in specialist optical instruments for reducing unwanted reflections. The disadvantage of this material is its low optical thickness, as it is a surface treatment. As a result, infrared light of a wavelength longer than a few micrometers penetrates through the dark layer and has much higher reflectivity. The reported spectral dependence increases from about 1% at 3 μm to 50% at 20 μm.

In 2009, a competitor to the super black material, Vantablack, was developed based on carbon nanotubes. It has a relatively flat reflectance in a wide spectral range.

In 2011, NASA and the US Army began funding research in the use of nanotube-based super black coatings in sensitive optics. Nanotube-based superblack arrays and coatings have recently become commercially available.

title: Super black


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John Egerton, 6th Duke of Sutherland

John Sutherland Egerton, 6th Duke of Sutherland, (10 May 1915 – 21 September 2000) was a British peer from the Egerton family. He was styled Viscount Brackley until 1944, when he became the 5th Earl of Ellesmere on inheriting his father's substantive title. He inherited his ducal title in 1963 from a distant cousin.

Background and education
The son of John Egerton, 4th Earl of Ellesmere, and Lady Violet Lambton, he was educated at Eton and Trinity College, Cambridge. He travelled to France with the British Expeditionary Force and was captured at St Valery in 1940. He spent four years in a prisoner of war camp. Upon his return in 1944, he succeeded his father as Earl of Ellesmere.

Career
In 1963, George Sutherland-Leveson-Gower, 5th Duke of Sutherland, his distant cousin "Geordie", died, leaving no immediate male heir. Egerton succeeded to the dukedom, but did not inherit the Sutherland estates or Dunrobin Castle, which went to Elizabeth Janson, Geordie's niece, who became the Countess of Sutherland. Estate duty forced the Duke to sell many pieces from the family's renowned collection of paintings and drawings. The family's wealth had shifted from landholdings to an estimated £120m collection of paintings which included Raphaels, Titians, Tintorettos, Poussins, and a large part of the famous Orléans collection from the Palais Royal in Paris. The wealth had come from the acquisitions of the third Duke of Bridgewater, who built the famous canal and passed on his mining riches, and from intermarriage. Benjamin Disraeli once paid tribute to the family's "talent for absorbing heiresses".

Despite the hundreds of paintings the Duke was forced to sell, he retained the Dutch masters for Mertoun. The Scottish National Gallery in Edinburgh had a number of notable paintings in its possession on long-term loan from the Duke of Sutherland's estate, including pieces by Titian, El Greco, Raphael and van Dyck (one of which, the Venus Anadyomene, was bought by the gallery after his death towards inheritance tax). The Duke made it clear, by selling Bridgewater House in London, that he was abandoning metropolitan pursuits. He maintained the family horse racing tradition.

A Conservative, he took his seat in the Lords in 1945, but eschewed his right to vote or speak for more than half a century. He did find his political voice as a Berwickshire county councillor.

The sixth duke kept a very local profile. In 1984 he sold four masterpieces to fund improving his 20 acre garden for opening to the public. In 1994 he disagreed when the National Gallery of Scotland sought to rehouse some of his paintings in a new gallery in Glasgow, preferring them to be dispersed around Scotland.

Family
Sutherland married Lady Diana Percy (23 November 1917 – 16 June 1978), daughter of Alan Percy, 8th Duke of Northumberland, on 29 April 1939. Following the death of his first wife, on 16 August 1979 he married Evelyn Moubray, a former interior decorator who shared his love of fishing. There were no children from either marriage.

title: John Egerton, 6th Duke of Sutherland


text: Template:Tyrol

title: Template:Tyrol


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Edgar Bain

Edgar Collins Bain (September 14, 1891 – November 27, 1971) was an American metallurgist and member of the National Academy of Sciences, who worked for the US Steel Corporation of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He worked on the alloying and heat treatment of steel; Bainite is named in his honor.

He was born near LaRue, Ohio to Milton Henry (of Scottish descent) and Alice Anne Collins Bain. He graduated with a B.S. from Ohio State University in 1912. He received his M.S. in 1916 and his Ph.D. in 1919 both from Ohio State. His written works include Functions of the Alloying Elements in Steel, published by ASM International. He died on November 27, 1971, in Edgeworth, Pennsylvania.

He was elected in 1923 a Fellow of the American Physical Society.

title: Edgar Bain


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Torstein Rudihagen

Torstein Rudihagen (born 14 August 1952 in Sør-Fron) is a Norwegian politician for the Labour Party.

In his early career, he worked as a teacher. He began his political career in the municipality council of Sør-Fron, to which he was elected in 1983. He later became mayor, a seat he filled from 1991 to 1997. On 3 March 1995 he was appointed State Secretary in the Ministry of Transport, under the Brundtland's Third Cabinet. When Brundtland resigned and Thorbjørn Jagland formed a new government, Rudihagen retained his job as State Secretary. However, he lost the job when the cabinet fell in 1997.

In the election of 1997, he was elected to the Parliament of Norway from his home county of Oppland. He has been re-elected on two occasions.

title: Torstein Rudihagen


text:
Talk:R. Kelly

Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
This article was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment, between 7 January 2021 and 14 April 2021. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): A.dewan95. Peer reviewers: Drealynne, Danielsoldan4.

Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT (talk) 07:39, 17 January 2022 (UTC)

awards
list of awards and achievements. please include them 41.222.181.56 (talk) 18:52, 26 March 2023 (UTC)

Discography
Why the list of his albums is not shown on the page? Salami Bowling Strikes (talk) 09:38, 25 August 2023 (UTC)

 * @Salami Bowling Strikes – because R. Kelly discography exists for this purpose. -- dsprc   [talk]  09:41, 25 August 2023 (UTC)
 * ok (?) also Michael Jackson albums discography exists, but the "Discography" section with all his albums is still shown on his main page. I don't get the point of your statement Salami Bowling Strikes (talk) 09:52, 25 August 2023 (UTC)
 * @Salami Bowling Strikes – it was clearly explained a detailed discography is lacking from this article likely because it has been split off into its own (there is a main hatnote below §Musical career header linking to that). Evidently, contributors to this particular article do not deem it necessary to have one. If you disagree, you've 3 courses of action: deal with it, and do nothing; be bold and do it yourself; or engage in a lengthy, drawn out discussion to gain consensus on inclusion of this material.
 * Regarding Michael Jackson: Generally, just because other shit exists on the wiki, those local decisions typically have little bearing upon actions taken elsewhere. Happy Trails! -- dsprc   [talk]  03:53, 26 August 2023 (UTC)

Infobox image 2
Per various discussions at WP, I am moving the "mugshot" image of subject to the more appropriate section that it accompanies: |Child sexual abuse and court cases. To place such an image in the infobox is too specific for representation of the subject for a non-specific description. I have placed a Photo requested at the top of this Talk Page requesting a neutral free-image of the BLP. If any editor of this page finds and uploads an image that fulfills those requirements for the infobox image, the template can be removed. This is in keeping with articles at WP similar to O. J. Simpson that has a NPOV non-specific image for the infobox and specific images for appropriate accompanying sections throughout the article. Including the "mug shot" in the Legal history section. Thanks. Maineartists (talk) 23:27, 7 December 2023 (UTC)

 * There are now 2 mugshot photos of Kelly on Wikimedia Commons. The one you moved out of the infobox, and R. Kelly 2002 Mugshot.jpg, which is a mugshot from a year earlier. If there are 2 mugshots of Kelly, and one of them isn’t seeing use on his article, then why not put the 2002 one into his infobox? Roasted (talk) 21:37, 20 January 2024 (UTC)

 * Consensus has been not to put a "mugshot" in the infobox for a BLP. This is a "non-specifc" and not originally notable for inclusion. A different mugshot is still a mugshot. The mugshot in the article accommodates the appropriate content. In additional, this is undue weight to a particular subtopic in the article. Find an image representative of the subject in keeping with MOS:IMAGELEAD. Just because two mugshots have been uploaded to WikiCommons, doesn't mean they need to be used. "...then why not put the 2002 one into his infobox?" This is not a valid argument. Find a more neutral, representative image of Kelley and upload it to WikiCommons. Otherwise, per MOS: "Lead images are not required, and not having a lead image may be the best solution if there is no easy representation of the topic." Maineartists (talk) 16:02, 21 January 2024 (UTC)
 * This is inconsistent. On other pages, like XXXTentacion, and YNW Melly, their mugshot is used in the infobox instead of it being placed into the corresponding part of their articles. Is this just an issue that needs fixing, or is there no consensis?
 * @Roasted It is not "inconsistent". They should not be there either. XXXTentacion was "an American rapper and singer-songwriter" and YNW Melly is known as an "American rapper and singer from Gifford, Florida". XXXTentacion does not even have any mention of "criminal conviction" in their infobox and a mugshot should not be placed there. Regardless, per WP policy: Images of living persons should not be used out of context to present a person in a false or disparaging light. This is particularly important for police booking photographs (mugshots). The fact that recognized convicted career criminals here at WP do not have mugshots as their infobox image, but "rappers" seem to attract such images, only goes to prove that it is the type of visiting editors that seem to sensationalize the image. This is not a reason for inclusion. There are other images on Wiki Commons of both rappers that can be uploaded. Maineartists (talk) 15:59, 12 February 2024 (UTC)

 * Also, your example of O. J. Simpson doesn’t apply to this situation. Simpson has many images of him besides of his mugshots. Kelly only has 2 mugshots of him, and one of them aren’t even being used on his article. Roasted (talk) 22:20, 21 January 2024 (UTC)

 * ??? There are thousands and thousands of images on Wikicommons. Many of those images are not being used. BLP and deceased subjects have multiple images uploaded; that doesn't mean all of them are used on their article page (nor should they be). They can be used on several different, completely separate pages. The fact that O.J. Simpson has multiple images on his pages is because editors have uploaded images of him. Unfortunately, there only seems to be 2 mugshots of R. Kelly uploaded. That does not in any way warrant use of both of them in an article; especially in the infobox. Just because an image is on WikiCommons, doesn't mean it needs to be used. Are you actually saying if there were 12 mugshot photos of R. Kelly that they should all be used in his article simply because they exist? Once again, find a more representing image of R. Kelly that is in keeping with an Infobox image for a BLP - American singer, songwriter, record producer. I have placed a request tag on this Talk Page for a better image. As for the other articles, they are low on images to begin with, and mugshots are public domain. Editors get lazy and do not try and find appropriate images for BLPs. YNW Melly's mugshot should accompany: 2019–present: Possession of marijuana and double homicide section. Maineartists (talk) 00:49, 23 January 2024 (UTC)
 * @Maineartists: Could you please cite the "various discussions" you're referring to? Thanks. -- Tamzin  [cetacean needed] (they|xe) 06:05, 28 January 2024 (UTC)
 * @Tamzin For starters, please refer to the discussion above dated 2022: . Thanks. Maineartists (talk) 15:48, 12 February 2024 (UTC)

Why isn't the wording consistent with Ian Watkins?
From both pages:

Ian David Karslake Watkins (born 30 July 1977) is a Welsh convicted child sex offender and former musician.

Robert Sylvester Kelly (born January 8, 1967) is an American singer, songwriter, record producer and convicted child sex offender.

Shouldn't the order be consistent in both cases? Why are the crimes emphasized on Ian Watkin's case but not here? I'm asking this on both talk pages, why does R. Kelly get a different treatment on wikipedia? Koczwy (talk) 02:34, 24 December 2023 (UTC)

 * I'm very new to this editing game (nay, editing in a meaningful way) but I *think* the rule of thumb is to put profession(s) first because criminal status is not an occupation. I agree it should be consistent though. It should be "musician, offender" for Watkins in the same order as Kelly's. Shamus248 (talk) 17:07, 14 January 2024 (UTC)

 * @Koczwy I agree. Both pages and BLPs are exactly the same. There is no difference between Kelly and Watkins. Sex-offender is a "non-specific". Plain and simple. Watkins and Kelly originally had an article created here at WP for their notability in the music industry; not because of their current crimes. No matter what editors (on the Watkins Talk Page) says about "Other Content". (I have written there, too) Maineartists (talk) 00:34, 15 January 2024 (UTC)

If a mugshot is the only image we can find, it should be used
I see nothing wrong with using a mugshot of someone alive if we are unable to attain any other image of a person. Kingturtle = (talk) 22:04, 11 February 2024 (UTC)
 * Again, R. Kelly is one of the most highly recognized, commercialized and publicized musicians in his field and has been since 1989. A simple "R Kelly image" Google search renders over 350 million hits. The fact that this page is edited by those who continually upload images that are not in the public domain (which are then deleted at Wiki Commons) or only use the mugshot due to a "I think his 2019 mugshot is a perfect candidate for an infobox photo", is not a good enough reason. His "crime" image should be accompanied in the section within the article per MS WP policy. There are literally thousands of images that can be accessed on the internet of R Kelly i.e. dreamstime stock photo images, deposit royalty free photo images, etc. Even taking a snapshot of the Gayle King interview from YouTube is allowed when uploaded to Wiki Commons correctly. There actually was an approved image of Kelly that is on Wiki Commons now (see below), but was replaced with the mugshot. This proves that there are images out there to be uploaded to WP, but there will always be editors visiting this page that will seek to sensationalize and glamourize the incarceration of R Kelly by continually placing the mugshot in the infobox; which his criminal status is not contained with "years active" but is a non-specific. Please refer to the discussion above dated 2022: . It was decided: not to include the mugshot as the infobox image per WP policy guidelines. Thanks. Maineartists (talk) 15:40, 12 February 2024 (UTC)
 * Unless there's a clear rationale for incorporating a relevant, high-quality, and unbiased image, it's preferable not to include one. Such additions could be perceived as sensational or biased, undermining the credibility and objectivity of the article. It's evident that these edits are part of a broader trend of "shock edits," necessitating increased scrutiny and oversight. Averykins (talk) 08:47, 13 February 2024 (UTC)

Ensuring Consistency in Presenting Information on Living Persons
I have observed inconsistencies in the presentation of information across different Wikipedia pages for living individuals, particularly when comparing this page to those of Jimmy Savile and O.J. Simpson. While all three individuals have faced significant legal charges and convictions that have shaped their public perception and legacy, the manner in which this information is conveyed varies significantly across their respective pages. This inconsistency could potentially lead to biased interpretations by readers. As stewards of factual and neutral content, Wikipedia should strive for consistency in presenting such sensitive information, especially when it pertains to living persons.

To address this, I propose a thorough review of these pages to ensure adherence to Wikipedia’s Biographies of Living Persons (BLP) guidelines. Here are some specific recommendations:
 * Standardized Presentation: We should maintain a consistent standard for presenting legal charges and convictions across all relevant articles. This includes avoiding the use of mugshots as primary photos and instead opting for more neutral images.
 * Balanced Approach: While it is essential to include relevant legal details, we should exercise care in presenting them. The details of legal cases are often more widely known than an individual’s career achievements. Editors proposing changes should provide justifications, and any alterations made solely for emotional satisfaction or vigilante justice should be treated as vandalism.
 * Compassion and Sensitivity: We must recognize that criminal details, convictions, or witness testimonies can be distressing, especially in cases related to sexual abuse. Our responsibility is to inform without causing harm to victims or perpetuating sensationalism.
 * NPOV (Neutral Point of View): The document should be reviewed to ensure neutrality. Additionally, we should compare it with articles on other well-known celebrities to avoid any appearance of disparate impact due to editorial leniency.
 * Reader Experience: Readers should be allowed to navigate the article at their discretion. Avoiding edits made purely for shock value or sensationalism ensures that readers encounter shocking or graphic details on their own terms.

In summary, let us uphold Wikipedia’s commitment to accuracy, neutrality, and fairness by maintaining a consistent and respectful approach when presenting information about living persons. Averykins (talk) 10:29, 13 February 2024 (UTC)

Added 2003 mugshot to thumb gallery, Review
My recent edit (here), I have added the 2003 mugshot of that monster on the thumb gallery next to the 2002 one. Review and respond if you think it was okay or not. I don't think I did a good job on this. Darrion "Beans" Brown 🙂 (my talk page / my sandbox) 00:24, 19 February 2024 (UTC)
 * One mugshot for this section is sufficient. Two is excessive and unnecessary. It needs to be removed. Maineartists (talk) 12:30, 19 February 2024 (UTC)
 * The edits without justification need to stop. This is vandalism. We shouldn't have editors referring to a human being as a "monster."Averykins (talk) 09:20, 23 February 2024 (UTC)
 * My apologies. It was never any intention to vandalize nor justify what I edited by calling names on people. I was just angry about the certain person. I should be better as a user here on WP. Darrion "Beans" Brown 🙂 (my talk page / my sandbox) 02:38, 25 February 2024 (UTC)

Mugshot images
The only entries that seem to be happening at this article is the ongoing addition of mugshots by unregistered and even registered editors. It is now becoming not only WP:DISRUPTIVE but almost WP:VANDAL considering the amount of consensus and discussion here at the Talk Page. I vote we request a semi-protection for the page since there is no significant contributing editing going on presently. Maineartists (talk) 00:26, 26 February 2024 (UTC)
 * Its not vandalism to depict a criminal as a criminal. Two pictures isnt excessive at all --FMSky (talk) 01:06, 26 February 2024 (UTC)
 * It becomes vandalism when WP:CONS is reached both in the history of reverted edits on the article page and Talk Page discussions that continually state otherwise to not include a mugshot in the infobox per WP policy and to only have one image to support the specified article content. Multiple images depicting the same content is the very definition of "excessive". Please supply WP policy and guidelines to support your personal beliefs. Maineartists (talk) 02:03, 26 February 2024 (UTC)

Split?
The current prose contains over 10k words, and per WP:SPLITSIZE that means the contents should probably be split. I propose splitting the "Child sexual abuse and court cases" section to another article, similar to the vein of Bill Cosby sexual assault cases, because that section covers about half the article (4672 words) right now. Spinixster  (chat!)  03:10, 2 March 2024 (UTC)

 * I contend to it. Yes, I do agree that the entire section on the R. Kelly article is definitely a candidate for a separate page. As much as it is serious, it is more knowledgeable to make it into a split. Darrion "Beans" Brown 🙂 (my talk page / my sandbox) 03:46, 2 March 2024 (UTC)

 * Agreed. It is notable as a stand-alone subject and has enough - if not more - present day coverage on the BLP (and will) for the foreseeable future. Maineartists (talk) 13:33, 2 March 2024 (UTC)
 * I made a draft already - right here. Darrion "Beans" Brown 🙂 (my talk page / my sandbox) 17:00, 2 March 2024 (UTC)

 * Comment: In keeping with Bill Cosby sexual assault cases as a model WP article on this subject for BLPs, please let's not carry the on-going argument already discussed here regarding the infamous mugshot. It has already reached consensus that mugshots are not in keeping with WP policy and certainly not for infobox image use. At the very least, use public domain images that include the BLP and his legal team or (inside / outside) court appearances. Thank you. Maineartists (talk) 21:42, 2 March 2024 (UTC)
 * I have uploaded a FREE TO SHARE image of R Kelly arriving at court in 2008 and placed it as the lede image and relocated the 2003 mugshot in the appropriate section. The caption was "understood" as mugshots can only be taken after someone's arrest, the BLP is noted and "circa" is not applicable. Maineartists (talk) 22:15, 2 March 2024 (UTC)
 * Thanks for the help. Appreciate it. Darrion "Beans" Brown 🙂 (my talk page / my sandbox) 06:44, 3 March 2024 (UTC)

 * I support the split. The child abuse section takes about 47% of the article's length. It's not the only thing R. Kelly is known for. J I P  | Talk 01:08, 3 March 2024 (UTC)
 * Support splitting, the child sexual abuse cases are a huge, notable topic in their own right. Dronebogus (talk) 02:53, 4 March 2024 (UTC)
 * Support split. PARAKANYAA (talk) 01:06, 5 March 2024 (UTC)
 * Support. The timeline of the topic/cases is so extensive that it warrants its own page. Trainsskyscrapers (talk) 04:18, 11 March 2024 (UTC)
 * Support split. Frankoceanreal (talk) 13:03, 13 March 2024 (UTC)
 * Support Definitely way too long, per the suggestion on the page that articles of this length should "Almost certainly should be divided or trimmed." HadesTTW (he/him • talk) 23:07, 13 March 2024 (UTC)
 * Support split. per length and above Babysharkboss2 was here!!  King Crimson 19:47, 20 March 2024 (UTC)
 * Support His child abuse cases and conviction are definitely notable enough to warrant an article of their own. --150.143.27.147 (talk) 16:49, 30 March 2024 (UTC)
 * SUPPORT split. Regardless of our transgressions, we still remain humans, who should be allowed to be treated as such, with the retention dignity. Additionally, his crimes do not erase the work he has done and his contribution to music. These two things should be treated separately Morganenna (talk) 13:48, 13 April 2024 (UTC)

Image options
Took two screenshots from the same video (A) came from. My preference is (C), where though it's lower resolution his face is less obscured, but (B) would also be an improvement on the low angle of (A). The video seems to be credibly licensed. Hameltion (talk | contribs) 02:40, 4 March 2024 (UTC)

 * B seems like the best option due to looking more professional with a plain background and better lighting of the subject’s face Dronebogus (talk) 02:55, 4 March 2024 (UTC)
 * I support B as well. It's a clearer image compared to A, while C doesn't focus much on the subject. Spinixster   (chat!)  14:17, 4 March 2024 (UTC)
 * B is better, less distracting background, better framing. PARAKANYAA (talk) 01:04, 5 March 2024 (UTC)
 * Really not a fan of A, as it doesn't really look like him. The fourth photo is closest to how he appeared in public during his last rounds with the media. Image B is better than image A, but Image C is more accurate in representing his appearance.
 * We can do much better than this. Much of his promotional photos seem to be usable. Averykins (talk) 03:00, 16 March 2024 (UTC)
 * @Averykins For an image to be used on Wikipedia for a living person, it must be a free image, that anyone can reuse for any purpose. His promotional images are not free. PARAKANYAA (talk) 09:20, 17 March 2024 (UTC)

See also section
Why is Ian Watkins alone linked in the see also section? Makes little sense to include him there but also not include any other prolific offenders. Either include others, or take Watkins out. 150.143.27.147 (talk) 02:17, 31 March 2024 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 14 April 2024
I would like to provide updated information on Kelly's legal issues after having requested to overturn convictions 2A02:C7C:643F:1C00:8571:A673:7998:3084 (talk) 11:05, 14 April 2024 (UTC)
 * Red question icon with gradient background.svg Not done: it's not clear what changes you want to be made. Please mention the specific changes in a "change X to Y" format and provide a reliable source if appropriate.  (talk | contribs) 11:09, 14 April 2024 (UTC)

Repeatedly removing stage name/professional name without talk or real reasons
99% of searches for R. Kelly are for "R. Kelly" but the editors of this page have repeatedly removed this information from the page, as if it weren't already the title of the page.

Removing the mentions of "R. Kelly" are pointless, and at best risk mistaken identity. People should know that this is R. Kelly. Nobody's really heard of "Robert Sylvester Kelly" and if it was TRULY "unnecessary" to include "R. Kelly" as his professional name, then it wouldn't be the name of the title.

It's an accurate statement of fact and it's how he's identified himself for his entire life. I'm quite confused by all the removals. Many edits on this page seem to be driven by spite and malice and I find it disturbing. Kelly's photograph is routinely replaced by a mugshot from 2002 with reasons such as "it seems like itd be appropriate".

The last person to erase R. Kelly from the document's reason was that "you can't have a professional name that has an initial and your last name, because that's something else - an abbreviation." This is pedantry and it's ruining the article. Can we do better please? Averykins (talk) 04:11, 16 April 2024 (UTC)

Blurry infobox image
Why is an extremely blurry image being used for the infobox when a higher quality mugshot is available to use? ThingsCanOnlyGetWetter (talk) 16:33, 17 June 2024 (UTC)

 * Because a mugshot implements a smaller narrative than the bigger picture provided in the article 193.207.212.102 (talk) 22:13, 29 June 2024 (UTC)

 * Joe Exotic says hi. If a mugshot is the best quality picture available to use, then it should be used. It's a lot more preferable to using a blurry picture. --ThingsCanOnlyGetWetter (talk) 06:32, 30 June 2024 (UTC)

Mugshot
Outrageously biased a primary identifying image of a BLP best known as a musician is a criminal mugshot. Sure, he is also a criminal but he is best known as a musician. There are lots of musicians/actors etc who are also criminals. This is not "Crimeapedia". It's only one aspect of his varied life. That mugshot is from 2002, which is like 22 years ago. There are more recent picture, which show him as a musician. -- Green  C  18:55, 2 July 2024 (UTC)

User:ThingsCanOnlyGetWetter - there is no consensus for the mugshot in the infobox. It's misleading to portray him primarily as a criminal. Multiple editors have reverted you. You don't have consensus. You have been reverted by:. -- Green  C  19:13, 2 July 2024 (UTC)
 * Having a picture of him as a musician isn't the issue, it's the fact the images are quite blurry and low quality. Hopefully a higher quality musician image is available to use someday. --ThingsCanOnlyGetWetter (talk) 05:52, 3 July 2024 (UTC)
 * Thank you. It looked like an FBI wanted poster. We have options now. They are video screen caps from a free video, anyone can generate more screen caps. --  Green  C  14:48, 3 July 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:R. Kelly


text:
Wikipedia:Peer review/Tasmanian Devil/archive1

Tasmanian Devil
This is an article on a neat Australian critter that I've been working on, trying to keep it simple but informative. Please point out anywhere you can see the potential for expansion or any glaring errors.--nixie 22:38, 10 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Overall, a well written article. I made a few minor edits here and there where I saw fit.  Nothing drastic. I did want to point out that there is a discrepancy between when it went extinct on the main land.  In the intro, the article says the T.D. went extinct in the 1100's.  The first paragraph of the Conservation section says that they went extinct on the main land in the 1400's.  Which is it. Also, the lifespan of the T.D. should probally be placed in some other section of the article.  It doesn't seem to flow to me where it is currently located in the reproduction section.  It seems like it is tacted on as a random fact. Keep up the good work. --ZeWrestler 13:32, 11 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Nice catch on the dates, I've fixed them and the oddering. Thanks.--nixie 00:07, 12 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Overall an informative article. However, on cursory examination I found several grammatical errors. For example, the last sentence of the first paragraph is a run on sentence and, to a lesser degree, ends in a preposition; three sentences in the "Reproduction" section are also run on sentences. Several units of measure need a space between them and their respective values. I'll try to address these issues latter this evening if someone doesn't beat me to it. —Wayward 02:37, July 12, 2005 (UTC)
 * Could a picture of a mother holding her babies in her pouch be placed in the reproduction section? --ZeWrestler 11:54, 12 July 2005 (UTC)
 * The babies don't poke out of the pouch like Kangaroo joeys Image:Kangaroo au.jpeg, when they're big enough to leave they do, kangaroos are actually the only marsupials that keep young big enough to be independent in the pouch. The pouch opens to the back so the mother can't interact with the young while they are in the pouch. Also I don't think a mother devil would let a photographer get anywhere near her pouch :), there are no photos free or unfree online to suggest otherwise. --nixie 12:35, 12 July 2005 (UTC)
 * What about a mother and her babies in general. Any pictures of that in existance. if not, maybe a baby T.D. --ZeWrestler 12:44, 12 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Not with compatible copyrights. My local zoo is setting up a breeding program so I might be able to get some pics sometime in the future (probably early next year). I was thinking about making a diagram showing the timing of development in the pouch to put in that section since you mentioned that it needed a picture.--nixie 23:12, 12 July 2005 (UTC)
 * That would work well too. --ZeWrestler 23:13, 12 July 2005 (UTC)
 * The first 2 sentances in the Cultural impact seem somewhat repetitive. can it be reworded somehow? --ZeWrestler 15:32, 14 July 2005 (UTC)
 * The development diagram is up, and the cultural impacts section has been quite substantially rewritten and expanded.--nixie 13:41, 21 July 2005 (UTC)
 * The development diagram looks great. -- ZeWrestler   Talk 17:03, 21 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Cultural impact section looks great too. -- ZeWrestler  Talk 17:06, 21 July 2005 (UTC)


text:
User:Cecilgol

я живу в Портленде, где я иду в школу. я изучаю философию и кампутерс., я вношу свой вклад в этот проект, и стремлюсь учиться в максимально возможной степени каждый день. я был на википедия в течение приблизительно трех лет.

title: User:Cecilgol


text:
Jan Kubis

Jan Kubis may refer to:

 * Jan Kubiš (1913-1942), Czech soldier and assassin of Reinhard Heydrich
 * Ján Kubiš (born 1952), Slovak diplomat

title: Jan Kubis


text:
User talk:Cousin~enwiki

Please stop with the silly vanity articles. Wikipedians have enough to do without having to spend time deleting junk. Friday 22:39, 10 July 2005 (UTC)

Please sign your posts
I assume you posted to my talk page, but you didn't sign your post. Things will be easier for everyone involved if you sign by hitting four ~ characters in a row. Friday 22:44, 10 July 2005 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Cousin. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Cousin~enwiki that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name. If you think you might own all of the accounts with this name and this message is in error, please visit Special:MergeAccount to check and attach all of your accounts to prevent them from being renamed.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 23:10, 19 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 11:45, 22 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Cousin~enwiki


text:
Wikipedia:African Collaboration of the Month/Removed

Culture of Africa
Nominated:July 7, 2005

Support Comments
 * 1) --Bhadani 16:15, 20 July 2005 (UTC)
 * 2) Revolución 03:37, 23 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Everyone would like to know about the culture of Africa, and if more editors join, a better article would certainly emerge. --Bhadani 16:15, 20 July 2005 (UTC)
 * 1) – Quadell (talk) (sleuth) 17:08, July 20, 2005 (UTC)


text: Category:Brazilian cyclists

title: Category:Brazilian cyclists


text:
Out of the Silent Planet (album)

Out of the Silent Planet is the debut studio album by the American rock band King's X, released in 1988. The title of the album comes from that of a book by C. S. Lewis, an author favored by band members Ty Tabor and Jerry Gaskill. "Out of the Silent Planet" is also the title of the first track from the follow-up album Gretchen Goes to Nebraska. The cover art features the skyline of Houston with the southern outline of the state of Texas. The album received widespread acclaim from music contemporaries. Pantera bassist Rex Brown commented of his and Dimebag Darrell's impressions, noting "Dime called me and said, 'Dude, have you heard this? Have you checked out King's X?'" He says. "We went on a long road trip, and we must have listened to that first record I don't know how many times, and we couldn't stop! This was the sound that Dime and I were always looking for."

Track listing
All songs written by Gaskill, Pinnick and Tabor, except "Sometimes" and "Far, Far Away" written by Pinnick, Tabor, Gaskill and Marty Warren.

Personnel

 * King's X
 * Doug Pinnick – vocals & bass
 * Ty Tabor – guitar & vocals
 * Jerry Gaskill – drums & vocals

 * Production
 * Sam Taylor - producer
 * Steve Ames - engineer
 * Bob Ludwig - mastering at Masterdisk, New York
 * Jon Zazula, Marsha Zazula - executive producers

Charts

 * Album

title: Out of the Silent Planet (album)


text:
Queen Margaret University

Queen Margaret University (Oilthigh Bànrigh Mairead) is a university founded in 1875 and located in Musselburgh, East Lothian. It is named after the Scottish Queen Saint Margaret.

History
The university was founded in 1875, as The Edinburgh School of Cookery and Domestic Economy, by Christian Guthrie Wright and Louisa Stevenson, both members of the Edinburgh Ladies' Educational Association. The School was founded as a women-only institution, with twin aims of improving women's access to higher education and improving the diets of working class families. Teaching was initially delivered via lectures at the Royal Museum, supplemented by a programme of public lectures and demonstrations delivered nationwide, but in 1877 the School established a base at Shandwick Place, in Haymarket.

The school moved in 1891 to Atholl Crescent, expanding its courses and offering residential places to students. In the same year, HRH Princess Louise, Duchess of Argyll became Patron of the institution until her death in 1939. In 1909, the School was designated a central institution and brought under the public control of the Scottish Education Department. The first Principal appointed was Ethel De la Cour. De la Cour retired in 1930, and in the same year the School became the Edinburgh College of Domestic Science.

In 1961, the college acquired its Corstorphine campus, purchasing a portion of the Clermiston estate from developers. The campus was first occupied by the college in 1970, opened by HRH Princess Alice, Duchess of Gloucester who had become Patron of the institution in 1940 and remained Patron until her death. In 1972, the name Queen Margaret was adopted to dissociate the college from the narrow field of domestic science. Thereafter, the college broadened its range of courses, especially in the dramatic arts and paramedical healthcare fields. The following institutions have since been absorbed by Queen Margaret:

 * The Edinburgh College of Speech and Drama (established 1929, joined 1971)
 * The Edinburgh School of Speech Therapy (established 1946, joined 1975)
 * The Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh School of Physiotherapy (established 1940, joined 1978)
 * The Astley Ainslie Hospital Occupational Therapy Training Centre (established 1937, joined 1979)
 * The Edinburgh Foot Clinic and School of Chiropody (established 1924, joined 1984)
 * The Edinburgh School of Radiography (established 1936, joined 1992)
 * The Edinburgh University Settlement School of Art Therapy (established 1992, joined 1997)

In 1992, the Privy Council granted Queen Margaret College powers to award its own taught degrees, and in 1998, the college was granted full degree powers, which enabled it to award its own research and higher degrees. As a result, in January 1999 the institution took the name Queen Margaret University College. After the University College attained the final criteria of acquiring a minimum of 5000 students (something that could not be gained earlier as the former campuses could not accommodate that number of students), the institution was awarded full university status, becoming Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh in January 2007.

In 2012, QMU became the first university in Scotland to have a Business Gateway on campus.

Scotland's First Minister, Alex Salmond announced in May 2010 that QMU was to be the official host of the archives for Homecoming Scotland 2009. The Homecoming Scotland Archive will collect, catalogue and preserve materials associated with Scottish Homecoming 2009.

Former campuses
Before moving to a new campus just outside Musselburgh, Queen Margaret University had been based in campuses in Corstorphine (to the West of Edinburgh), in Leith, and at the Gateway Theatre – home of the University’s School of Drama & Scotland's International Drama Centre. The theatre was a former television studio previously owned by Scottish Television on Elm Row, Leith Walk.

New Campus

In 2007–2008, the university brought together students from its three campuses in Edinburgh by moving to a new purpose-built campus near Musselburgh, East Lothian. Costing £100 million, the new campus covers 35 acre and holds educational buildings, a students union, a small gym and halls of residence of more than 800 rooms.

QMU has been "touted as the country's greenest University campus". The campus was designed by Dyer Architects to exceed current environmental standards and sets a new benchmark in sustainable design. The entire development transformed a 35 acre site from low-grade farmland into landscaped parkland. The new campus was officially opened by Her Majesty the Queen on 4 July 2008.

In June 2015, Queen Margaret University announced it would hold public consultations for plans to build a new innovation park and shopping hub on open land around the Musselburgh campus. Site proposals are being developed by CAM-SCI, a Cambridge-based economic consultancy, which has developed science parks across the UK.

Learning Resource Centre
The Learning Resource Centre (LRC) comprises approximately 4500 m2 of the main academic building. Located at the heart of the campus, it provides library, IT and AV services to students, staff and visitors of the university. The LRC consists of a facility for both directed and self-directed study, based on an integrated library and information service provision. The LRC has 1,000 study spaces organised as a mixture of silent and group study areas, bookable group study rooms, training rooms, assistive technology, student learning support and a postgraduate study room.

Education Resource Centre
The Education Resource Centre provides audio-visual services to the university. This includes the provision of AV equipment in classrooms and lecture theatres as well as more specialised services such as graphics, photography, video-conferencing and TV studio facilities.

School of Arts, Social Sciences and Management
Following restructuring in early 2010, the Schools of Social Sciences, Media and Communication, Business, Enterprise and Management, and Drama and Creative Industries were merged. The present Dean is Professor David Stevenson. The School offers courses in 'Business, Enterprise and Management', which contains the International Centre for the Study of Planned Events; 'Governance, Justice and Public Management'; 'Hospitality and Gastronomy'; Creativity and Culture'; and 'Public Relations'.

QMU was part of the Scottish Drama Training Network which was set up by the Scottish Funding Council in 2010 to foster cohesion across stage and screen professional practice, education and training. Through the Network, QMU in partnership with Edinburgh Napier University delivered the BA (Hons) Acting for Stage and Screen. Since the Training Network ceased QMU is now, once again, offering its own acting and performance training programmes delivering the BA (Hons) Acting and Performance and BA (Hons) Performance along with its four year BA (Hons) Drama programme. It is also the only institution in Scotland offering a BA (Hons) in Theatre and Film as well as a Masters in Stage Management & Technical Theatre Production. It is also only one of three places in Scotland to offer a degree in Costume Design and Construction. In 2021/22 QMU celebrated 50 years of professional Drama training. The Guardian University rankings for 2024 declared the Drama programmes at QMU as one of the top ten institutions in the UK as well as Scotland’s top place to study and train in Drama.

The School is the only institution in Scotland that is accredited by the Chartered Institute of Public Relations to deliver the postgraduate CIPR Diploma in Public Relations. The School's Bachelor of Science (BSc) courses in psychology; MSc in Health Psychology are accredited by the British Psychological Society.

BA (Hons) Film and Media graduate, Agata Jagodzinska, was awarded for Best Writer at the BAFTA in Scotland New Talent Awards.

In 2019 Queen Margaret University became a key player in the delivery of Initial Teacher Education in Scotland offering the BA (Hons) in Primary Education and a BA (Hons) in Education Studies along with an expanding postgraduate PGDE programme in Home Economics, Business Education and Religious, Moral and Philosophical Studies.

School of Health Sciences
The School of Health Sciences offers the widest range of professional healthcare courses of any university in Scotland. The present Dean is Dr Sara Smith. The School offers courses in dietetics, nutrition and biological sciences; nursing; paramedic science; speech and language therapy, audiology, occupational therapy and art therapy; physiotherapy; podiatry and radiography. Postgraduate courses are offered in (international) art psychotherapy, music therapy and dramatherapy: QMU is the only institution in Scotland offering these fully HCPC accredited therapy courses as a Master of Science (MSc).

The subject area of Speech and Hearing Sciences won the Queen's Anniversary Prize for research into the clinical applications of speech technology carried out in the Speech Science Research Centre. The Guardian University ranking poll for 2024 declared that QMU’s BSc (Hons)/MNurse Nursing degree programme was ranked 6th in the UK and that the BSc Paramedic Science course was rated as the top course in the United Kingdom for the training of paramedics.

Governance
In October 2016, Dame Prue Leith CBE became Chancellor, succeeding Sir Tom Farmer.

Sir Paul Grice KBE assumed the role of Principal and Vice Chancellor in October 2019. He was knighted in the New Year Honours List 2016 for services to the Scottish Parliament and services to higher education and the community in Scotland. Grice was Chief Executive and Clerk of the Scottish Parliament prior to his appointment to Queen Margaret University succeeding Professor Petra Wend.

Professor Petra Wend CBE joined Queen Margaret University in September 2009. She originally read Italian and French Language and Literature, and Education at the University of Münster in Germany. Following a series of positions at UK universities, she joined Oxford Brookes University as Deputy Vice-Chancellor (Academic) and Deputy Chief Executive in 2005. She retired from her position in 2019.

Rankings and reputation
In June 2012 the management team at Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh, was presented with the Times Higher Education Leadership and Management Team Award.

QMU won the e-Government National Award 2010 in the category for sustainable, 'green IT' or 'carbon-efficient' services. In autumn 2010 it picked up gold at the Scottish Green Awards, and in 2009 it won an award for a waste management project, as well as a Green Apple Award.

Research
The university has three flagships: health and rehabilitation; creativity and culture; and sustainable business.

Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh, has seven research centres:

 * Centre for Health, Activity and Rehabilitation Research
 * Centre for Applied Social Sciences
 * Centre for Person-centred Practice Research
 * Clinical Audiology, Speech and Language Research Centre
 * Institute for Global Health and Development
 * Centre for Communication, Cultural and Media Studies
 * Scottish Centre for Food Development and Innovation

The university operates an open access repository of the research output of the university, called eResearch, with the intention of making the work of researchers open and available to the public via the web.

Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh, researchers in food and drink in partnerships with Advanced Microwave Technologies Ltd (AMT), won two major awards for innovation and partnership in 2012 for their collaboration to explore the application of microwave technologies to the food and drink sector.

Notable alumni
• Acting/Drama

• Matt Baker, actor and presenter

• Katrina Bryan, actor, Nina and the Neurons, Taggart

• Mark Cox, actor, BBC Still Game, BBC Chewin the Fat

• Jane McCarry, actor and teacher, BBC Still Game

• Jeanie Drynan, film actor, Muriels Wedding

• Tam Dean Burn, actor Outlander

• Angel Coulby, actor, Merlin, Dancing on the Edge BBC series

• Michelle Duncan, actor, Doctor Who, Lost in Austen “Rebus”

• Kellyanne Farquhar, actor, Monarch of the Glen

• Lewis Gribben, BAFTA Award-winner, T2 Trainspotting, Shetland, Somewhere Boy

• Vicky Hall, actor, Teachers

• Michael Harrison, UK producer and chief executive, Crossroads Pantomime

• Craig Hill, comedian and actor

• Gbemisola Ikumelo, BAFTA Award-winning actor

• Ashley Jensen, BAFTA Award-winning actor, Extras, Ugly Betty, Shetland

• Sean Kane, actor, River City, Stick Man

• Jemima Levick, Artistic Director of the Tron Theatre

• James Mackenzie, actor, Raven, Taggart

• Allison McKenzie, actor, River City, Taggart, Rebus

• Kevin McKidd, actor, Dog Soldiers, Rome, Trainspotting, Grey's Anatomy

• Janine Mellor, actor, Casualty

• Helen Modern, actor, Respectable

• Michael Nardone, actor Line of Duty, The Night Manager

• Elaine C Smith, actor and Scottish personality, Two Doors Down, Rab C. Nesbitt

• Simone Lahbib, actor, Bad Girls, Wire in the Blood

• Carter Ferguson, international fight choreographer and director

• Health Sciences

• James Robson (doctor), MBE, Scottish Rugby’s chief medical officer and British Lions Rugby’s team doctor

• Fatou Baldeh MBE, leading woman rights activist for FGM/C

• Dame Louise Martin President of the Commonwealth Games Federation

• Media

• Douglas Anderson, television presenter

• Matt Baker, television presenter, Blue Peter and The One Show

• Edith Bowman, BBC Radio 1 & TV presenter

• Sally Gray, television presenter

• Mark Hirst, reporter, STV News at Six; producer; editor-in-chief, Radio Sputnik

• Philip Edgar-Jones, director of Sky Arts

• Andrea Brymer, news reporter, STV

• Military

• Commodore Inga Kennedy, head of the Royal Navy Medical Service

• Music

• Susan Boyle, Grammy-nominated and World Music Award-winning singer

• Simon Neil, singer and guitarist, Biffy Clyro

• Politics and Public Administration

• Shirley-Anne Somerville, Member of the Scottish Parliament, Cabinet Secretary for Social Justice

• Michael Matheson, Member of the Scottish Parliament, former Cabinet Secretary for NHS Recovery, Health and Social Care

• Seif Rashidi, politician

title: Queen Margaret University


text:
Maharees

Maharees or Magharees ( or Na Machairí) is a 5 km long tombolo located on the northern side of the Dingle Peninsula in County Kerry, Ireland.

Fenit Harbour, the main port of County Kerry, is sheltered from large Atlantic swells by the Maharees. To the north of the Maharees lie the Magharee Islands or Seven Hogs, the largest of which, Oileán t-Seanaigh/Illauntannig, contains remnants of an early Christian monastic settlement, said to have been founded by St. Senan in the 7th century AD.

The peninsula is a sandy spit for much of its length, with sand dunes giving way to earth and rocky ground towards the northern end. The sand dunes create a unique ecosystem, home to the rare Natterjack toad which is found locally in significant quantities. Lengthy beaches are found on both sides of the peninsula, which separates Brandon Bay on the western side from Tralee Bay to the east. The Brandon Bay beaches are open to the North Atlantic and often receive long swells, suitable for surfing given wind and tide conditions.

The peninsula has a number of campgrounds and caravan parks and contains three hamlets, Fahamore, Kilshannig, and Candeehy. Castlegregory Golf and Fishing club is a nine-hole links golf course located at the base of the peninsula, and a PADI certified dive centre is located at the fishing harbour at Scraggane Bay. Several windsurfing and surf schools are also located at the beaches on the Maharees. Maheree Island Tours and Angling is based at Scraggane Pier. Yachting facilities, a marina, and a sheltered harbour are located a few miles east at Fenit.

title: Maharees


text:
PRA

PRA or Pra may refer to:

Companies and organisations

 * The People's Republic of Animation, animation company, Adelaide, Australia
 * Former UK Petrol Retailers Association
 * Philadelphia Redevelopment Authority, US
 * Political Research Associates, US
 * PRA Group, an American debt buying company
 * PRA Health Sciences, a contract research organisation
 * Prison Radio Association, a British prison-based charity
 * Prudential Regulation Authority, UK
 * US Public Roads Administration, later Federal Highway Administration

Geography

 * Pra River (Ghana)
 * Pra (Russia)
 * Pra', municipality of Genoa, Italy

Military

 * Parti du Regroupement Africain (African Regroupment Party), French West Africa
 * People's Redemption Army, a rebel group in Democratic Republic of the Congo and Uganda
 * People's Revolutionary Army (Grenada)
 * Philippine Revolutionary Army

Science and technology

 * Panel reactive antibody, an immunological laboratory test
 * Pest risk analysis, conducted by regulatory plant health authorities to identify appropriate phytosanitary measures
 * Phosphoribosylamine, a biochemical intermediate
 * Physical Review A, a scientific journal
 * Plasma renin activity in medicine
 * Positive relative accommodation
 * Primitive recursive arithmetic, a formal system of arithmetic
 * Probabilistic risk assessment, an engineering safety analysis
 * Progesterone receptor A, one of the isoforms of the progesterone receptor
 * Progressive retinal atrophy
 * Purported responsible address or Sender ID of an email message
 * Saccharopepsin, a yeast proteinase A

Other

 * General Urquiza Airport, Paraná, Argentina, IATA code
 * Participatory rural appraisal, in international development
 * Prahran railway station, Melbourne
 * President of the Royal Academy of the United Kingdom
 * Presidential Records Act of the United States
 * Political Rights Act (Switzerland)

title: PRA


text:
Category talk:Debating societies

There are debating societies that are not restricted to students, such as Cogers. Not clear why this category is seen as for students only? Mpntod 22:44, July 10, 2005 (UTC)
 * I agree that Cogers does not belong with the others. I would have renamed the cat if there had been a tool to do so. The others are a consistent set, and should be a category of their own. Septentrionalis 18:04, 11 July 2005 (UTC)
 * I have put a request for renaming onto CfD Septentrionalis 18:36, 11 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Now the CFD is closed, we have a clear decision that we need a category of "Debating Societies". This is a clearly defined group used in common parlance and, personally, I'm glad we kept it.  There is a discussion as to whether we should have a sub-category of "Student debating societies".  I'd also be tempted to ask whether "Literary and debating societies" shouldn't also be a subcategory. Mpntod 22:17, July 18, 2005 (UTC)

 * Yes, and all of these but Cogers belong in Category:Student debating societies. Will you help? Septentrionalis 01:37, 19 July 2005 (UTC)

title: Category talk:Debating societies


text:
Béni Kállay

Béni Kállay de Nagy-Kálló or Benjamin von Kállay (Kállay Benjámin; December 22, 1839 – July 13, 1903) was an Austro-Hungarian statesman and a Hungarian nobleman.

Early life
Kállay was born in Pest (today part of Budapest). His family derived their name from their estates at Nagykálló, in Szabolcs, and claimed descent from the Balogh Semsen tribe, which had settled the area of the historical Borsod County, Szabolcs County, and Szatmár County in the late 9th century. They played a prominent part in Hungarian history as early as the reign of King Coloman (1070–1116); and from King Matthias Corvinus (1458–1490) they received their estates at Mezőtúr, near Kecskemét, granted to Mihály Kállay for his heroic defense of Jajce in Bosnia.

Stephan von Kállay, Benjamin's father, a superior official of the Hungarian government, died in 1845, and his widow, who survived until 1902, devoted herself to the education of her five-year-old son. Amalie von Kállay née Blašković de Ebetske, was of Serbian descent. She took over the care of Kállay's education and directed his interest to Slavic studies in general and particularly to Serbian history. She spoke Serbian and it is very likely that her son heard some of her reminiscences relating to the country of her ancestors. She engaged an excellent teacher in the person of Mihály Táncsics, a well-known populist tribune and revolutionary writer of Serb and Slovak descent, who was once imprisoned by the Austrians for seditious writings in 1847–48 and again in 1860 (the same Buda jail that Lajos Kossuth was incarcerated from 1837–40). At an early age Kállay manifested a deep interest in politics, and especially in the Eastern Question. He traveled in Russia, European Turkey and Asia Minor, gaining a thorough knowledge of Greek, Turkish, and several Slavic languages. He became as proficient in Serbian as in his native tongue.

Career
In 1867 he entered the Diet of Hungary as Conservative deputy for Mühlbach (Szászsebes); in 1869 he was appointed consul-general at Belgrade, and in 1872 he visited the Vilayet of Bosnia for the first time. His views on Balkan questions strongly influenced Count Andrássy, the Austro-Hungarian minister for foreign affairs. Leaving Belgrade in 1875, he resumed his seat in the Diet, and shortly afterward founded the journal Kelet Népe, or People of the East, in which he defended the vigorous policy of Andrássy.

After the Russo-Turkish War of 1878 he went to Plovdiv (modern Bulgaria) as Austro-Hungarian envoy extraordinary on the International Eastern Rumelian Commission. In 1879, he became second, and soon afterward first, departmental chief at the foreign office in Vienna. On 4 June 1882, he was appointed Austro-Hungarian minister of finance and administrator of the Condominium of Bosnia and Herzegovina, and the distinction with which he filled this office, for a period of 21 years, is his chief title of fame.

Kállay was an honorary member of the Budapest and Vienna academies of science, and attained some eminence as a writer. He translated John Stuart Mill's On Liberty into Hungarian, adding an introductory critique; while his version of Galatea, a play by the Greek dramatist Spiridion N. Basiliades (1843–1874), proved successful on the Hungarian stage. His monographs on Serbian history (Geschichte der Serben) was translated into Serbo-Croatian by Gavrilo Vitković, and on the Oriental ambition of Russia (Die Orientpolitik Russlands) was translated into German by J. H. Schwicker and published at Leipzig in 1878. But in his own opinion, his masterpiece was an academic oration on the political and geographical position of Hungary as a link between East and West.

Personal life
In 1873, Kállay married the Countess Vilma Bethlen de Bethlen (1850-1940). They had three surviving daughters and a son:
 * Márta Kállay de Nagy-Kálló (1875–1891)
 * Frigyes Kállay de Nagy-Kálló (1877–1944) ⚭ Baroness Elisabeth Aloysia Klementina Vay de Vaya (1877–1922); had issue ⚭ Amalia Maria Köver de Gyergyószentmiklós (b. 1880)
 * Ilona Kállay de Nagy-Kálló (d. 1908)
 * György Kállay de Nagy-Kálló (1902–1968) ⚭ Charlotte Várady de Várad (1900-1970); had issue:
 * István Kállay de Nagy-Kálló (b. 1935)
 * László Kállay de Nagy-Kálló (d. 1928)
 * Erzsébet Kállay de Nagy-Kálló (d. 1945)
 * Magdolna Kállay de Nagy-Kálló (d. 1954)

Death
Benjamin died in Vienna on 13 July 1903, while his wife Vilma outlived him for more than 37 years and died in Nógrádberczel on 25 August 1940.

title: Béni Kállay


text:
Sian Lloyd (news presenter)

Sian Wyn Lloyd (born 7 August 1968) is a Welsh television news presenter, currently working for BBC News as their Wales correspondent.

Early life
Sian Lloyd was born in Bangor, Gwynedd. Her father's family were from Criccieth, where she spent most summers. Lloyd grew up in Wrexham, and speaks Welsh, English and French. She had a weekend job as a teenager at the National Trust's Erddig Hall. Lloyd gained an LLB in law at  the University of Leicester, before completing her Law Society Finals with Honours at The College of Law Chester.

Career
Lloyd trained as a solicitor with Lovell White Durrant in London and Hong Kong.

Lloyd began her career as a journalist in North Wales as a newsreader for Marcher Coast FM in Colwyn Bay before joining BBC Wales as a reporter 1996, and then having moved to Cardiff went on to present Good Evening Wales for radio, and then BBC Wales Today on television.

Lloyd has taken part in many Welsh language TV programmes on S4C including: cookery challenge Dudley: Pryd o Sêr; comedy chat show Sioe Tudur Owen; magazine programme Heno; and Welsh learners programme Hwb. Lloyd was part of the BBC Wales team of presenters covering the National Eisteddfod of Wales 2011, and has been a judge for the Learner of the Year competition 2012.

Lloyd is currently working for BBC News as their Midlands correspondent. As part of her correspondent role, Lloyd gives regular contributions to BBC's Crimewatch as a reporter. Since the move of various BBC programmes to MediaCityUK in Salford Quays, Manchester in 2012, Lloyd has become a regular relief presenter for BBC Breakfast.

Personal life
Sian lives in Cardiff with her husband and son.

Lloyd supports the Prince's Trust and the Duke of Edinburgh's Award Scheme, and is an ambassador for George Thomas Hospice Care. She has also acted as an ambassador for the Seren Network.

title: Sian Lloyd (news presenter)


text:
Talk:Otto Graham

Untitled
He also played professional basketball in 1946 with the Rochester Royals.

Can someone confirm this? There are no stats for him in The Official NBA Encyclopedia, and it usually has NBL player stats. KSchutte 22:45, 10 July 2005 (UTC)

Yeah, he was a Royals player. Go here: .--Mike Selinker 19:10, 30 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Just to clarify: the NBA Encyclopedia only includes NBL stats for people who also played in the NBA. The only reference book I'm aware of that includes all NBL players is Total Basketball. Zagalejo 21:30, 28 February 2006 (UTC)

Otto Graham's 5 MVP's
Why are they not listed here??

1947- AAFC 1948- AAFC 1951- NFL 1953- NFL 1955- NFL

Look for yourself on the media link I'll supply here[]

I notice his 1951 NFL Most Valuable Player is mislabeled as "Player of the Year".

"Career Record: 17-22-2" This is certainly incorrect. Leaving aside the dubious nature of QB's w/l records, the Browns' regular season w/l record from 1946-1955, during which Graham was the primary QB, was 105-17-4 (AAFC 47-4-3, NFL 58-13-1) (Source: Levy, Bill, "Return to Glory: The Story of the Cleveland Browns" World Publishing Co. 1965, appendix). During those 10 years the Browns lost only 17 regular season games so Graham certainly could not have lost 22 of them, which was 5 more than the team lost.

WikiProject class rating
This article was automatically assessed because at least one WikiProject had rated the article as start, and the rating on other projects was brought up to start class. BetacommandBot 16:00, 9 November 2007 (UTC)

Passer rating discrepancy
Graham's passer rating is listed variously as 78.2 or 86.6 in the article. The correct value is 78.2. This can be easily confirmed by just running his stats from ProFootballReference.com through a passer rating calculator, or looking him up on NFL.com —Preceding unsigned comment added by Sean10mm (talk • contribs) 22:31, 3 December 2007 (UTC)

Commander Otto Graham at the Coast Guard Academy
Otto Graham was commissioned as a Commander, USCG when he joined the Coast Guard Academy faculty as a member of the Permanent Commissioned Teaching Staff. His office in the new athletics building gave that structure the tongue-in-cheek name "Otto Body Shop". By the time he retired, he had been promoted to Captain. His salary as Athletic Director was in addition to his military pay and benefits. 71.254.98.254 (talk) 16:11, 25 September 2012 (UTC)

US Naval Air Corps
An organization named the US Naval Air Corps did not exist in WW 2 or at any other time. You can say that he entered the US Navy as an Aviation candidate or words to that effect. There was an Army Air Corps, but never a Navy Air Corps. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 204.193.117.66 (talk) 20:13, 1 November 2016 (UTC)

I Think I'm Losing My Mind Now
Last time I checked, it said he died in 2010. Did he really die in 2003?--204.14.188.246 (talk) 16:51, 2 November 2016 (UTC)
 * Yep, 2003. You're probably losing your mind. Lizard  (talk) 17:12, 2 November 2016 (UTC)

External links modified
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20121106025839/http://www.cfbdatawarehouse.com/data/coaching/alltime_coach_year_by_year.php?coachid=4143 to http://www.cfbdatawarehouse.com/data/coaching/alltime_coach_year_by_year.php?coachid=4143
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External links modified
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Seasons at the bottom
I do not wish to mess with the format or get in a controversy by editing, but the key at the bottom should include AAFC player of the year and highlight his two seasons of that as well. 2601:154:C000:4CF0:44C5:1572:FEC2:81A3 (talk) 19:37, 14 July 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Otto Graham


text:
Betsy Hart

Betsy Hart aka Betsy Meade (born c. 1963) is a professional writer for the conservative organization The Heritage Foundation, syndicated columnist for the Scripps Howard News and conservative commentator who is a frequent contributor to CNN and the Fox News Channel. She also appeared frequently on ABC's show Politically Incorrect.

Works
Hart wrote a column on family and cultural issues titled “From the Hart”. The column is distributed each week to hundreds of newspapers all over the country. It appears regularly in mainstream newspapers such as the Chicago Sun-Times, the Rocky Mountain News, the Boston Herald, The Washington Times, among many others. Her radio program is titled "It Takes a Parent" and is featured on Chicago’s WYLL/AM1160 radio.

Appearances
Hart has also appeared on The Oprah Winfrey Show, where she was featured as one of America’s top five women columnists.

Family
Hart is the mother of four children and author of the book It Takes a Parent: How the Culture of Pushover Parenting is Hurting Our Kids... and What to Do About It. She is currently working on her next book Let's Look at Things a Little Differently. She divorced her husband after 17 years of marriage and has since married Thomas Meade, a professor of chemistry at nearby Northwestern University. She is raising her four children in Wilmette, a suburb of Chicago.

Views
Hart holds traditional conservative values which sometimes put her in the cross-hairs of progressive groups. Hart also believes that production and consumption of organic food is less safe and more expensive than conventionally produced food, although she admits that if "people want to spend more on the stuff, that’s their deal." She does not believe that global warming is primarily a man-made condition. She thinks that comedy should not include cursing or masturbatory gestures. She also believes that schools not celebrating with Halloween parties is scary and Orwellian.

Education
In 1985 she graduated from the University of Illinois with a B.A. in Russian Studies.

title: Betsy Hart


text:
Talk:Mathematical models in physics

"An example of how geometry does not accurately represent the universe comes in the Banach-Tarski paradox which have consequences such as that a marble can be cut up into finitely many pieces and reassembled into a planet, or a telephone could be cut up and reassembled as a water lily. These transformations are not possible with real objects made of atoms, but are possible with their geometric shapes."

The Banach-Tarski paradox involves cutting an object into parts that are not Lebesgue-measurable, so it shouldn't be at all surprising that they can be recombined into objects of different sizes.

Physical objects are always Lebesgue-measurable, so the above "example" is irrelevant to the application of geometry in physics. The reason these transformations are not possible is because it's impossible to divide physical objects into non-Lebesgue measurable parts.

So you could say that the mathematical theory has "extra stuff" which does not have a physical interpretation. This is very similar to how, in recursion theory, there exists a whole theory of oracles and hypercomputation, which is irrelevant to real computers. The only part of recursion theory that can be interpreted "physically" is the part that talks about finite machines running in finite time.

The paragraph seems to be implying that geometry gives an inaccurate representation of the universe. That seems to mean that geometry return falsities. While different theories of space need different geometries, and perhaps no known geometry is "the true geometry" of space, the Banach-Tarski paradox is not an example of geometry's limitations. It is merely a mathematical truth that cannot be translated into a statement about physics (so it can neither lie nor tell the truth).

Guslacerda 04:43, 28 July 2006 (UTC);

title: Talk:Mathematical models in physics


text: Category:Languages of Luxembourg

title: Category:Languages of Luxembourg