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Ivan Doig

Ivan Doig (June 27, 1939 – April 9, 2015) was an American author and novelist, widely known for his sixteen fiction and non-fiction books set mostly in his native Montana, celebrating the landscape and people of the post-war American West.

With settings ranging from the Rocky Mountain Front to Alaska's coast, Puget Sound and Oregon, the Chicago Tribune noted in 1987 that Doig wrote of "immigrant families, dedicated schoolteachers, miners, fur trappers, town builders" and of "the uncertainties of friendship and love, and colossal battles of will, set amid the vast unpredictabilities of a land noted for sudden deadly floods, agonizing droughts, blizzards and forest fires." Doig himself would later say "I come from the lariat proletariat, the working-class point of view." In particular, Doig "believed that ordinary people deserve to have their stories told". This House of Sky: Landscapes of a Western Mind, Doig's 1977 memoir, was finalist for the National Book Award for Contemporary Thought. In 2007 Doig won the University of Colorado's Center of the American West's Wallace Stegner Award. Doig's 2006 novel The Whistling Season became a New York Times best-seller. He won the Western Literature Association's lifetime Distinguished Achievement award and held the distinction of the only living author with works of both fiction and non-fiction listed in the top 12 of the San Francisco Chronicle poll of best books of the 20th century. Doig's life and his works are the focus of the documentary film by Montana PBS and 4:08 productions, Ivan Doig: Landscapes of a Western Mind.

In 2006, Sven Birkerts described Doig as "a presiding figure in the literature of the American West."

"I don't think of myself as a 'Western' writer". To me, language—the substance on the page, that poetry under the prose—is the ultimate 'region,' the true home, for a writer. If I have any creed that I wish you as readers, necessary accomplices in this flirtatious ceremony of writing and reading, will take with you from my pages, it'd be this belief of mine that writers of caliber can ground their work in specific land and lingo and yet be writing of that larger country: life."

- Ivan Doig

Early life
Doig was born in White Sulphur Springs, Montana to Charles "Charlie" Doig, ranch hand and Bernita Ringer Doig. After the death of his mother on his sixth birthday, he was raised briefly (1947 - 1949) by his father and his father's second wife, Fern White, who had been hired as a ranch cook, and later by his father and his maternal grandmother, Elizabeth "Bessie" Ringer. Doig moved with his father and grandmother on a series of jobs, the ranch equivalent of sharecropping, subsequently moving to Dupuyer, Montana to herd sheep close to the Rocky Mountain Front. As a child, Doig read comics, sports pages and magazines like Life, Colliers and The Saturday Evening Post.

Doig graduated salutatorian in a class of 21 students from Valier High School in Valier, Montana. He won a full-tuition scholarship to Northwestern University, where he earned a bachelor's degree in 1961 and a master's degree in journalism in 1962. His master's thesis was on the subject of televised congressional hearings on organized crime. He later earned a Ph.D. in American history at the University of Washington, writing his dissertation on John J. McGilvra (1827–1903).

Important first-hand influences on his writing included his high school English and Latin teacher, Frances Tidyman; Sam Jamison, who taught him reporting at Northwestern; and Ben Baldwin, who taught him broadcast news.

After he earned his degree in 1962, Doig was drafted into the Air Force Reserve. He was released from active duty in 1963. Doig lived with his wife Carol Doig, née Muller, a university professor of English, in Seattle, Washington until his death from multiple myeloma in 2015.

He was related to Fully Informed Jury Association co-founder, Don Doig.

Career in writing
Before becoming a novelist, Doig wrote for newspapers and magazines as a free-lancer and worked for the United States Forest Service. Doig served as an editorial writer for the Lindsay-Schaub newspaper chain in Decatur, Illinois, and served as assistant editor of The Rotarian magazine in Evanston, Illinois.

The western landscape and people play an important role in Doig's fiction, with much of it set in the Montana country of his youth. His major theme is family life in the past, mixing personal memory and regional history. The first three Montana novels—English Creek, Dancing at the Rascal Fair, and Ride with Me, Mariah Montana—form the "McCaskill trilogy", covering the first century of Montana statehood from 1889 to 1989.

Personal life
Ivan met his future wife, Carol Muller, at the Medill School of Journalism at Northwestern University while the two were students. They married on April 17, 1965. The two did not have any children. Carol assisted Ivan in writing and editing his books and was a longtime professor of journalism.

Later years
In 2001, Ivan was diagnosed with MGUS (monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance). In 2006, he was diagnosed with “smoldering myeloma,” which can remain dormant for years. In November, doctors told Ivan that his high levels of proteins meant that his myeloma was progressing. Ivan kept a detailed record of his medical journey in journals now held by Montana State University in the Ivan Doig archive. He died from multiple myeloma on April 9, 2015.

Ivan Doig Archive
In October 2015, Carol Doig donated her husband's extensive holding of notes, photos and records of his writing to the Montana State University Library Merrill G. Burlingame Special Collections. Montana State University was chosen over offers from Stanford University and the University of Washington based in part on the MSU Library's promise to digitize the entire collection in less than one year and make it available on a public website, as well as on MSU's proximity to Doig's childhood home and the encouragement of Montana authors Rick Bass, Tom McGuane and Jamie Ford.

The Ivan Doig digital collection consists of manuscripts, proofs and galleys, typed and handwritten writing fragments, pocket notebooks, note cards, diaries, journals, photographs, audio/visual material, and memorabilia created or collected by Ivan Doig. The material has been described archivally. The physical collection is preserved within Montana State University Library's Merrill G. Burlingame Special Collections.

This library has also facilitated includes a collaboration with Acoustic Atlas, the Soundscapes of Ivan Doig, with recordings and interviews from the lands and peoples featured in his novels.

Novels

 * The Sea Runners (1982)
 * English Creek (1984)
 * Dancing at the Rascal Fair (1987)
 * Ride with Me, Mariah Montana (1990)
 * Bucking the Sun (1996)
 * Mountain Time (1999)
 * Prairie Nocturne (2003)
 * The Whistling Season (2006)
 * The Eleventh Man (2008)
 * Work Song (2010)
 * The Bartender's Tale (2012)
 * Sweet Thunder (2013)
 * Last Bus to Wisdom (2015)

Nonfiction

 * News: A Consumer's Guide (1972) - a media textbook coauthored by Carol Doig
 * This House of Sky: Landscapes of a Western Mind (1978) - memoirs based on the author's life with his father and grandmother (nominated for National Book Award)
 * Winter Brothers: A Season at the Edge of America (1980) - an essayistic dialog with James G. Swan
 * Heart Earth (1993) - memoirs based on his mother's letters to her brother Wally

Edited volumes

 * Streets We Have Come Down: Literature of the City (1975)
 * Utopian America: Dreams and Realities (1976)

Awards

 * Finalist, National Book Award, This House of Sky (1979)
 * Christopher Award, This House of Sky (1979)
 * Pacific Northwest Booksellers Award for Literary Excellence – 1979, 1981,1983, 1985, 1988, 1994, 2007
 * Doctor of Letters, Montana State University (1984)
 * National Endowment for the Arts fellowship (1985)
 * Western Heritage Award, Best Western Novel, English Creek (1985)
 * Doctor of Letters, Lewis and Clark College (1987)
 * Western Literature Association's Distinguished Achievement Award (1989)
 * Evans Biography Award Heart Earth (1993)
 * Mountains & Plains Booksellers Association (MPBA) 'Spirit of the West' award (1997)
 * Pacific Northwest Writers Association Achievement Award (2002)
 * Center for the American West's Wallace Stegner Award (2007)
 * One Read book Whistling Season for Daniel Boone Regional Library, Missouri (2008)
 * Willamette Writers' Lifetime Achievement Award (2014)

title: Ivan Doig


text:
Boundary Waters Treaty of 1909

The Boundary Waters Treaty is the 1909 treaty between the United States, and Great Britain with respect to the Dominion of Canada, providing mechanisms for resolving any disputes over waters bordering the U.S. and Canada. The treaty covers the

"Main shore to main shore of the lakes and rivers and connecting waterways, or the portions thereof, along which the international boundary between the United States and the Dominion of Canada passes, including all bays, arms, and inlets thereof, but not including tributary waters which in their natural channels would flow into such lakes, rivers, and waterways, or waters flowing from such lakes, rivers, and waterways,or canals or streams, or steams or the waters of rivers flowing across the boundary."

Canada, as a dominion of the Crown of Britain at the time, subsequently enacted the International Boundary Waters Treaty Act to implement the treaty.

History
Momentum for a boundary waters treaty built up against a background of difficulties encountered in apportioning the waters of the St. Mary and Milk Rivers in the west, the Rainy River, the Chicago Diversion of Lake Michigan (which at the time lowered lake levels by 6 inches), the St. Mary's River at Sault Ste. Marie, and the Niagara River. Thus at the International Irrigation Congresses in Denver, Colorado, in 1894 and in Albuquerque, New Mexico, in 1895, resolutions were introduced by the Canadian delegate and adopted unanimously by the American, Mexican, and Canadian delegations. The resolution recommended to the United States "the appointment of an international commission to act in conjunction with the authorities of Mexico and Canada in adjudicating the conflicting rights which have arisen, or may hereafter arise, on streams of an international character." In 1896, the Canadian Government requested that the British Ambassador at Washington inform the American Government that it was prepared to cooperate "by appointment of an international commission or otherwise" in the regulation of international streams for irrigation purposes.

In Washington D.C., the treaty was signed for the United States by Secretary of State Elihu Root, and for Canada by the British Ambassador James Bryce on January 11, 1909. It was approved for ratification by the required supermajority (two-thirds) of the American Senate on March 3, 1909. American President William Taft ratified the treaty on May 13, 1910. British King Edward VII ratified Canada's corollary International Boundary Waters Treaty Act.

Objectives
The Treaty's framework prevents and resolves disputes over boundary waters. It defines boundary waters as surface waters along the international border, mostly in whole, excluding upstream tributaries (Preliminary Article). It establishes free use of boundary waters for commerce and navigation forever (Article I). It grants respective federal and state/provincial governments legal jurisdiction over the use, obstruction, and diversion of these waters (Article II). It creates the International Joint Commission (IJC) and requires future hydromodifications be approved by a majority of the three Canadian and three American Commissioners (Articles III, IV, VII, VIII). The IJC can only provide research or orders of approval if either federal government submits a referral (Article IX).

Effect on water resources
The IJC has jurisdiction for regulating water quantity, including flows and levels, the Treaty enumerates the following order of precedence of use (Article VIII): The Treaty applies the riparian doctrine that one use cannot materially impair another protected use. Therefore, many issues of water quality are also within the IJC's purview.
 * Domestic and sanitary use,
 * Navigation, and
 * Power and irrigation.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Boundary Waters Treaty of 1909


text:
User:Kujoe

Hey, I'm Joe. I live in, and am originally from the Central Texas area. I run my own business as a web developer and graphics designer, as well as a meager hosting company. I've been editing on Wikipedia for quite a while now, but relatively recently started working non-anonymously. I typically work on articles of interest to me.

I usually try to remain neutral on any issue, and don't even post links to my own business or favorite sites on here unless requested. This is so that I can't be accused of any conflict of interest.

title: User:Kujoe


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Tanguy

Tanguy is the French spelling of Breton given name Tangi from tan, "fire", and ki, "dog". It may refer to:

Given name

 * Saint Tanguy, sixth-century Breton monk and abbey founder
 * Tanguy Malmanche (1875–1953), Breton writer
 * Tanguy Nef (born 1996), Swiss alpine skier
 * Tanguy Ndombele (born 1996), French footballer
 * Tanguy Kouassi (born 2002), French footballer

Surname

 * Éric Tanguy, born 1968, French composer; see List of compositions for viola: T to Z
 * Julien Tanguy (art dealer) (1825–1894), Parisian art supply and art dealer, and subject of three Van Gogh paintings
 * Yves Tanguy (1900–1955), French surrealist painter

Media

 * Tanguy, a 1957 novel by Michel del Castillo
 * Tanguy (film), a 2001 French black comedy film
 * Tanguy et Laverdure, a French comic about two air force pilots

title: Tanguy


text:
World Financial Group

World Financial Group (WFG) is a multi-level marketing financial and insurance services company based in Johns Creek, Georgia, a suburb of Atlanta, which sells investment, insurance, and various other financial products through a network of distributors in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico. It is wholly owned by Dutch life insurance multinational Aegon and operates primarily under the Transamerica brand in the United States. World Financial Group associates are compensated by selling financial services products and receiving commission overrides from people that agents sponsor into the company.

History
World Marketing Alliance (WMA) was founded by Hubert Humphrey after he left Primerica in 1991. The original name was Alexander, Inc. but shortly thereafter was renamed World Marketing Alliance. The original idea was that the baby boomers needed a solution for wealth creation and tax protection, and that the "buy term and invest the difference" philosophy of Primerica (formerly A.L. Williams) could be better addressed with variable universal life insurance. While in A.L., Humphrey created and introduced the Business Format System (BFS), a business sales and recruiting methodology. Humphrey continued to develop the methodology in WMA. MD TV, the company's private satellite television network, was also introduced during this period. The company expanded its operations to Canada, Taiwan, Mexico, Puerto Rico, Guam and the Philippines. The company held its first convention in Las Vegas in 1992. It was attended by about 2,000 associates. On March 23, 1998, WMA Executive World Headquarters opened in Duluth, Georgia. The 100000 sqft building housed 500+ employees. In November 1998, WMA was fined $100,000 "for not properly supervising its sales agents" after their clients lost nearly $2 million in unregistered investments. In 2000, WMA was fined $125,000 "for failing to report nearly 900 customer complaints". In June 2001, select assets of WMA were purchased by AEGON and renamed World Financial Group, Inc. Humphrey retained WMA Mortgage Services, Inc. and the original logo, which was used in his subsequent companies World Leadership Group and Hegemon Group International. As part of the conditions of sale, Humphrey was placed on a noncompete agreement and could not compete in the insurance industry until 2013. Following the sale of WMA to Aegon, Alexander Wynaendts, chief executive of AEGON, was quoted as saying, "When we took the company over, we put in place very strict regulatory and compliance procedures". In 2008, the company was criticized by customers who claimed to have lost significant sums due to WFG agents selling them "inappropriate investments". In 2015, John Hancock Financial, a Boston-based insurance company, acquired 1,100 advisors from Transamerica World Financial Group. World Financial Group has over 3,500 offices in the United States. The World Financial Group Canadian division, World Financial Group Insurance Agency of Canada Inc., moved to Toronto, Ontario in February 2012. In 2008, World Financial Group had over 80 Canadian offices and over 1,500 agents. On July 1, 2013, WFG Securities of Canada, Inc. changed its name to Transamerica Securities, Inc. As of 2022, there are approximately 53,200 independent life insurance agents associated with WFGIA in the United States and its affiliated insurance agency operating in Canada.

In September 2022, the World Financial Group Agency of Canada (WFGIAC) renewed its sponsorship of the 2022 Pinty’s Grand Slam of Curling.

In November 2022, Transamerica appointed Todd Buchanan President of World Financial Group Insurance Agency, LLC (WFG), Senior Vice President at Transamerica, and head of Transamerica Financial Advisors, Inc. (TFA).

Regulatory issues

 * In December 2006, WGS and one of its brokers were fined $150,000 by Missouri's commissioner of securities for "making unsuitable sales of variable annuities".
 * In April 2007, WGS was fined $50,000 for failing to supervise its representatives in the State of Utah, who were misrepresenting their credentials and services rendered during free lunch seminars targeting seniors.
 * In May 2016, MFDA accepts settlement agreement of $60,000 with WFG Securities for contraventions of the By-Laws, Rules, or Policies of the MFDA.
 * In January 2018, 12 life insurance agents who worked together at the same WFG brokerage in British Columbia, Canada had lost their licences because they all conspired to cheat on their qualification tests, according to the provincial regulator. In response, the company suspended the agents and noted that the agency would be "taking all necessary steps regarding the matter. In December 2018, 12 former Mississauga WFG agents were fined $865,000 for falsifying KYC (know your client) information of a total of 95 documents, and committing other offences to facilitate leveraging investments. They also failed to cooperate with MFDA summons for interviews.

title: World Financial Group


text:
User talk:Khushwantjhaj

Welcome!

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, please be sure to sign your name on Talk and vote pages using four tildes (~~~~) to produce your name and the current date, or three tildes (~~~) for just your name. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my Talk page. Again, welcome! -- Ragib 01:03, 21 July 2005 (UTC)
 * The Five Pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
 * Editing, policy, conduct, and structure tutorial
 * Picture tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Naming conventions
 * Manual of Style
 * Merging, redirecting, and renaming pages
 * If you're ready for the complete list of Wikipedia documentation, there's also Topical index.

Ali_Alhasan
Please don't blank text from articles on VFD. Unless you are an administrator you won't remove it completely and leaving it, makes it easier to vote for others. Also, remember to sign in when editing your userpage as edits by anon IPs may be reverted. - Mgm|(talk) 21:33, July 21, 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Khushwantjhaj


text:
Missouri Route 126

Route 126 is a highway located entirely within Barton County in the U.S. state of Missouri. Its western terminus is at the Kansas state line, where K-126 ends. The route goes in a straight line for most of its length, and intersects Interstate 49 (I-49) and U.S. Route 71 (US 71). Its eastern terminus is at US 160 and Route 37 in Golden City. The route was designated in 1942, and formerly consisted of two supplemental routes.

Route description
Route 126 starts at the Kansas state line, where K-126 ends. The road travels east for around seven miles in a straight line, intersecting Route M and Route 43. Route 126 continues eastward, crossing through farmland and a few trees. After the route intersects Route J, it meets a frontage road parallel to I-49/US 71. The road crosses over North Fork Spring River and continues east. Soon, Route 126 intersects I-49/US 71 at a diamond interchange, and intersects a frontage road again. The route crosses a railroad owned by Missouri and Northern Arkansas Railroad, and intersects Routes JJ and T. Four miles later, the route enters Golden City and becomes Main Street. It becomes concurrent with Route 37. The routes goes through downtown Golden City, and turn slightly northeast. The two routes end at US 160 at a T-intersection. US 160 continues eastward toward Lockwood. In 2012, Missouri Department of Transportation (MoDOT) calculated as many as 840 vehicles traveling east of I-49/US 71, and as few as 480 vehicles traveling west of I-49/US 71. This is expressed in terms of annual average daily traffic (AADT), a measure of traffic volume for any average day of the year.

History
The road that became Route 126 was built and designated, as supplemental Route D around 1935. It connected from US 71 to US 160 in Golden City. By 1940, supplemental Route H was designated, connected from Route 43, to a dead end east of it. A year later, Route H was extended west to the Kansas state line. In 1942, Route 126 was designated, replacing Route H from the state line to Route 43. Around 1945-1949, Route H was extended east to Route Z, and the same route was extended east for a few miles east of Route Z in 1954. Around 1955, Route H and D were removed in the supplemental route system, and was replaced by Route 126, as the two sections became connected. Later, Route 126 was repaved in concrete, from the state line to Route 43. The whole route was repaved by 1957. In 1979, US 71 was moved to a freeway alignment, but an interchange wasn't built until 2010-2013. I-49 became co-signed with US 71 in December 2012.

title: Missouri Route 126


text:
Together (Marvin Gaye and Mary Wells album)

Together is the first and only studio album released by the duo team of American Motown artists Marvin Gaye and Mary Wells. It was released on the Motown label on April 15, 1964. The album brought Gaye together with Wells, an established star with a number-one pop hit to her name (1964's "My Guy"), singing mostly standards and show tunes, in the hopes that Gaye would benefit from the exposure.

This album became the first charted album credited to Gaye, peaking at number 42 on the Billboard Pop Albums chart and yielding two top 20 singles, "Once Upon a Time" and "What's the Matter with You Baby". Shortly afterwards, upon reaching twenty-one, Wells, who received bad advice from her former husband and manager, left Motown. The label had to find another duet partner for Gaye, enlisting Kim Weston for one album, Take Two, also consisting of similar material, but later yielding a longer-lasting pairing of Gaye with Tammi Terrell, with more contemporary material.

Personnel

 * Marvin Gaye – lead vocals
 * Mary Wells – lead and additional vocals
 * The Love Tones – background vocals
 * The Andantes – background vocals
 * The Funk Brothers – instrumentation


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Brooklyn Silver Stars

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was Speedy delete as verifiable hoax. Zzyzx11 (Talk) 21:23, 21 July 2005 (UTC)

Brooklyn Silver Stars
Ficticous BirgitteSB 01:04, July 21, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Binadot 01:56, 21 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete hoax. -- Grev -- Talk 02:03, July 21, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete per Grev --EMS | Talk 02:44, 21 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete per above. -- BD2412 talk 03:04, July 21, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete unverifiable. JamesBurns 08:53, 21 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete as per above.-Poli (talk • contribs) 14:00, 2005 July 21 (UTC)
 * Speedy delete as nonsense along with all of the other fake teams. Let the team's one (unrelated) Google hit speak for itself... --Idont Havaname 18:29, 21 July 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
User talk:Eddie.willers

Welcome!

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, please be sure to sign your name on Talk and vote pages using four tildes (~~~~) to produce your name and the current date, or three tildes (~~~) for just your name. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my Talk page. Again, welcome! --Ragib 01:07, 21 July 2005 (UTC)
 * The Five Pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
 * Editing, policy, conduct, and structure tutorial
 * Picture tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Naming conventions
 * Manual of Style
 * Merging, redirecting, and renaming pages
 * If you're ready for the complete list of Wikipedia documentation, there's also Topical index.

DJ WARRIOR
My references are 100% accurate, and this information is freely available if you would utilize a second on Google. You don't make any sense in the real world. Only in Wiki's world homeboy. Take your garbage elsewhere to unofficial places, not something that is 100% accurate, again all this info is available at many many many 3rd party credible sites. Dumbass. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Journaldiction (talk • contribs) 21:08, 18 September 2008 (UTC)

Deletion of The Day Signs
This is regarding your yes vote to delete The Day Signs article. The deletion page has changed and I would appreciate a reply as such.

-The Only Non-Brainless Person Around Here It Seems 27:38 24th June 2006 (Non-UTC)

Welcome and congratulations and such
I'd like to welcome you to Wikipedia and congratulate you, not just for your most excellent user name but also your tenacity in nominating for AfD. It looks like you've done a lot of work there, good job! — Phil Welch 20:54, 16 September 2005 (UTC)

Computer Weekly
G'day Eddie, just wanted to say you did a good job on cleaning up the Computer Weekly page. Nice work! --fuddlemark (fuddle me!) 14:11, 3 October 2005 (UTC)

Cyberbullying

 * I have rewritten this article and it is a stub now. The most notable instance of cyberbullying is Eric Harris, one of the perpetrators of the Columbine High School massacre having a web site which threatened violence against various students before the massacre occurred see . There is research which shows that it occurs reasonably frequently although levels of incidence varies according to the research. The talk page for the article shows a suggested plan for expansion for the article. I would be grateful if you could take a look. Capitalistroadster 10:24, 7 October 2005 (UTC)

Domestic virtue
This article has been expanded considerably. I urge you to take a look at it and reconsider your delete vote. Thanks. Denni ☯ 05:01, 14 October 2005 (UTC)

Ron Washington
Hello Eddie. On Articles for Deletion you said: "...he is mentioned in the forum www.baseball-fever.com but hs is described as mostly a benchwarmer" and "...I submit he is still non-notable as a player and coach" regarding Ron Washington. It has since been discovered during this discussion that Washington was the man who broke Cal Ripken's record streak of consecutive innings played, when he replaced Ripken as a pinch-runner. Would you be willing to reconsider your vote at Articles for deletion/Ron Washington? As it now stands, you are the only person left with a vote to delete this article. Hall Monitor 21:36, 18 October 2005 (UTC)

Not a great man?
Eddie Willers symbolized the reader of Atlas Shrugged.

[Avi|http://www.israblog.co.il/102337]

Throw from window?
The proper term for this is defenestrate. Voyager640 19:11, 18 November 2005 (UTC)
 * Oh well, guess I'll just have to defenestrate that idea... Voyager640 22:12, 13 December 2005 (UTC)

AfD for American Smokeless
Hi there, I have added The Ubie to your nomination as that hash/crack/baccy/whatever pipe that American Smokeless are trying to plug doesn't really warrant an entry either. Pilatus 19:57, 20 November 2005 (UTC)

Gen X
The joke was spot on! it's just, ... just... *shudder* the sneering git ... you know ... the ... *twitch* the... the hollowed out shell of rock and roll, the ... that "I was a poser before you were a poser" come-follow-me-Ashley-Simpson ... *shudder* .. it just ... the man just saps my will to live ... and he's just be so dismissable, so Teeny Bopper real first album not Jagged Little Pil dismissible, but for that merest sliver of historical credibility of Gen X... just makes you wa... wa... wa... want to rinse the taste out with Mescaleros... Oh the humnanity! Pete.Hurd 00:08, 25 November 2005 (UTC)

The Heart Throbs/Heartthrobs

 * ''Dude
 * What's with deleting the disambig and redirects for the above articles? The Brit band can be known by either spelling - which is why I categorised your article as 'The Heart Throbs (WWE)' with appropriate redirects from a disambiguation...now I find you've undone it all...what gives? Eddie.willers 22:55, 3 December 2005 (UTC)

Well first off you cut & pasted the article which is a big NO NO doing this deletes the article history... The Heartthrobs now is disambiguation page the links to the brit rock band while The Heart Throbs is the WWE teams page with your created The Heartthrobs (WWE) redirecting to it... if you will note the names are spelt differently and so the WWE team needs not to be moved to a name which in itself is spelt wrong as Heart Throps is two words not one --- Paulley 12:35, 5 December 2005 (UTC)

Deleting Articles
I think that deleting pages on Wikipedia has become a sport. The people who do it are often snide and arrogant, and they get joy out of killing off pages with very little effort. I feel that deleting a page should be hard work. You shouldn't get a free pass with a couple of tossed off words. In fact, it should be difficult as hell to delete an article and take weeks, if not months. george 18:16, 15 December 2005 (UTC)

You know what, you're right! I'm gonna let it go. george 18:34, 15 December 2005 (UTC)

Hi (Re: Hi From A Jaibo)
Hey Eddie, Yeah, my dad works here at a petrochemical plant in Altamira. I've been living here for 7 years. I like it here, but things are somewhat disorganized. The nice thing is that it's a lot more laid back here compared to the U.S. We're gonna stay one more year and then we'll move somewhere else. I don't know where we'll move though, but wherever's fine with me. Don't worry, you'll get used to living here sometime, its really fun in Tampico.Will G. 12:35, 9 May 2006 (UTC)

Chuck Cunningham syndrome
Hi... based on your AfD comments on "Reverse Cunningham", I was wondering if you'd care to take a look at this one? These made-up TV-fan "syndromes" are getting out of hand. Thanks... wikipediatrix 20:38, 26 July 2006 (UTC)

Hurley-Pugh
Something went wrong with your Afd for Hurley-Pugh. Please try again. HokieRNB 19:59, 19 March 2007 (UTC)

I responded on my talk page...
I responded on my talk page. []

Cheers! Geo Swan 13:37, 2 June 2007 (UTC)

Greetings
Greetings,

As I said on my talk page, if you too have been on the receiving end of thoughtlessness, or worse, in the afd fora, then we have something in common.

My offer was sincere. Any time you feel, you, or articles to which you contribute, are on the receiving end of thoughtlessness, or worse, in the afd fora, feel free to give me a heads-up. I feel very strongly that civility should be restored to those fora.

I think our interaction on Articles for deletion/Walid Said Bin Said Zaid has been our first. I don't like the idea of starting on the wrong foot.

My offers are sincere, and I hope that if we cross paths again we can do so in a collegial manner.

Cheers! Geo Swan 14:37, 3 June 2007 (UTC)

Aric Gilinsky
Actually if you read it it says he refused the Newsnight interview. It is also possible to be part of extreme religious groups without religion - look at Ulster.

Radio Source
Wow, that is one tiny tiny source. I didn't even see it there.--Torchwood Who? (talk) 03:56, 23 March 2008 (UTC)
 * I'm not disputing it, but I think someone might want to change the template so the source is better positioned.--Torchwood Who? (talk) 03:59, 23 March 2008 (UTC)

Source for value ranges in "Mullard-Philips tube designation"
Hi Eddie.willers, I saw your edits on Mullard-Philips tube designation. Can you help to solve the mystery of this? Do you know a source to check? --BEG (talk) 09:21, 7 November 2008 (UTC)

re: Marcos
Huh... never knew that. Thanks for the grammar lesson :-) Xavexgoem (talk) 19:59, 11 April 2009 (UTC)

Unreferenced BLPs
Hello Eddie.willers! Thank you for your contributions. I am a bot alerting you that 1 of the articles that you created  is an  Unreferenced Biography of a Living Person. Please note that all biographies of living persons must be sourced. If you were to add reliable, secondary sources to this article, it would greatly help us with the current  article backlog. Once the article is adequately referenced, please remove the unreferencedBLP tag. Here is the list:

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Speedy deletion nomination of Limey & The Yanks

A tag has been placed on Limey & The Yanks requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done because the article, which appears to be about a real person, individual animal(s), an organization (band, club, company, etc.), or web content, does not indicate how or why the subject is notable: that is, why an article about that subject should be included in an encyclopedia. Under the criteria for speedy deletion, articles that do not indicate the subject's importance or significance may be deleted at any time. Please see the guidelines for what is generally accepted as notable. If this is the first page that you have created, then you should read the guide to writing your first article.

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For guidelines on specific types of articles, you may want to check out our criteria for biographies, for web sites, for bands, or for companies. Feel free to leave a note on my talk page if you have any questions about this. Woogee (talk) 20:38, 15 February 2010 (UTC)

Thanks
Thank you for not only re-visiting your opinion but also for changing your mind in relation to the deletion of the Silvertone Records (Selfridges) article. It is refreshing to run across intellectually honest editors who are willing to change their mind in light of changed circumstances.smjwalsh (talk) 07:34, 13 July 2010 (UTC)

David Kershenbaum

 * Thanks for the supportive response to the latest complaint by User:Natkersh. Can we take this to arbitration, do you think? Eddie.willers (talk) 12:55, 28 July 2010 (UTC)

Whatever you think. I'm not familiar with the mechanics of arbitration or page protection. I'm a patient person. Vytal (talk) 16:16, 28 July 2010 (UTC)

User: Eddie.Willers
Please stop this edit-war, it seems like you have a strong desire to keep changing this page, assuring us that you are improving the page, however, in fact, making it look unprofessional. From simple spelling mistakes and etc, to the style of your writing... is not an "edit" like. Professional "editors" would not present the information the way you are trying to. I strongly suspect a personal conflict of interest from your side, assuming that you know the target of your attacks personally and that forces you to keep coming back to the page over and over and making that page look unprofessional through your continuous non-stop reversions. It is called an edit-war and it is not acceptable. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Natkersh (talk • contribs) 06:26, 29 July 2010 (UTC)

File source and copyright licensing problem with File:JibberJabber.jpg
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talkback
-- Diannaa (Talk) 23:58, 4 August 2010 (UTC)

Articles for deletion/Software archaeology
I thought I'd leave a note regarding the current state of the article. As the subject of a 2001 professional workshop, it probably is not WP:CB, although I can see how the original article might have make you think that. -- Radagast 3 (talk) 23:47, 13 August 2010 (UTC)

Nomination of Arteli for deletion
A discussion has begun about whether the article Arteli, which you created or to which you contributed, should be deleted. While contributions are welcome, an article may be deleted if it is inconsistent with Wikipedia policies and guidelines for inclusion, explained in the deletion policy.

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Photo requests
Hello Eddie Willers,

Do you do photo requests? I am trying to get someone to photograph the Tampico México Temple located here. Would you be willing to do that?--ARTEST4ECHO (talk/contribs) 17:25, 8 March 2011 (UTC)

License tagging for File:Coleman 220F Lantern.JPG
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Thank You for the Wikipedia Picture
Hello, My name is Duane Hurst and I recently made a free (non-commercial) English web site to share information with people. I added links to your Wikipedia/Wikimedia freeware picture. I also gave credit to you on my web pages for your work. Thank you for sharing with the public. My website is:

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I add pictures such as yours to one of the following major sections of my site: 1. World section - contains information and over 10,000 images of every world country and territory. Link at: http://www.freeenglishsite.com/world/index.htm

2. USA section - contains information and images of every USA state and territory. Link at: http://www.freeenglishsite.com/world/usa/index.htm

3. English section - "Mel and Wes" lessons in conversation format. Stories are located in various USA states and world countries such as China, England, Germany, Japan, Mexico and Thailand. Each lesson has many slang terms and idioms, which I link to my Slang Dictionary. This eventually will have over 5,000 terms. Currently, it has about 3,000 slang and idioms. I regularly add new lessons and slang terms. Link at: http://www.freeenglishsite.com/english/lessons/index.htm Slang Dictionary link at: http://www.freeenglishsite.com/english/slang/Eslang_a.htm

Prior to retirement, I taught English at several private and public universities in the United States.

Please share this free site with your friends. I hope all will enjoy the pictures and find the English information useful. Sincerely, Duane Hurst in Utah, USA

Email address: duanerhurst@freeenglishsite.com --75.169.8.9 (talk) 14:56, 8 December 2012 (UTC)

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Proposed deletion of Yaesu FRG-7

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 * No evidence of WP:NOTABILITY

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ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 13:05, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of Jango (TV series)

The article Jango (TV series) has been proposed for deletion because of the following concern: "Appears to fail WP:NTV and WP:GNG. Tagged for notability since 2021"

While all constructive contributions to Wikipedia are appreciated, pages may be deleted for any of several reasons.

You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the notice, but please explain why in your edit summary or on the article's talk page.

Please consider improving the page to address the issues raised. Removing will stop the proposed deletion process, but other deletion processes exist. In particular, the speedy deletion process can result in deletion without discussion, and articles for deletion allows discussion to reach consensus for deletion. Donald D23  talk to me  16:14, 20 August 2023 (UTC)

title: User talk:Eddie.willers


text:
Lango

Lango may refer to:

Africa

 * Lango sub-region, previously known as Lango District, Uganda
 * Lango people, of Uganda
 * Lango language (Uganda), their language
 * Lango people (South Sudan)
 * Lango language (South Sudan), their language
 * Didinga people of Sudan
 * Didinga language

Asia

 * Lango tribe, Pakistan

Europe

 * Lángos, a Hungarian-style fried bread
 * Lango, the Venetian and Genoese name for the Greek island of Kos
 * Langø Island, Denmark

Other uses

 * Lango (app), an icon-based messaging app

title: Lango


text:
User:Koisoke

pöö

title: User:Koisoke


text:
User:Alex Law

= Alex on Wikipedia = Look upon my works and know indifference. My usual IP Number is 220.245.180.133, a TPG proxy in Brisbane, Queensland, it is one of a cluster of proxies used by TPG 220.245.180. 130/131/133/133/134

Due to no longer being a US Student this is continued at User:AlexToowoomba

Basic Biography

 * Alex Law is an undergraduate student at the University of Southern Queensland and somewhat active in Student Politics. He has a student e-mail account q0010573 (a-t) mail.connect.usq.edu.au
 * Alex Law is active in Neopaganism especially Discordianism and Wicca.
 * Alex Law supports Flying Spaghetti Monsterism and Last Thursdayism
 * Alex Law suspects Next Thursdayism may be the correct cosmology
 * Alex Law was born in 1965, at a time when "A Walk in the Black Forest" was the top of the charts in Australia.
 * Alex Law is increasingly uncomfortable with speaking of himself in the Third Person.

Interests

 * Computers
 * Cryptography
 * Anthropology
 * Political Activism / Politics
 * Anime & Manga

Things Alex Law seems to be doing

 * Schools
 * Members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly, 2004-2007
 * Toowoomba
 * Anime and manga terminology

Things Alex Law should be doing

 * Directorate of Research and Civil Affairs
 * ASOPA ASOPA article
 * Ern Malley
 * Angry Penguins
 * James McAuley and Harold Stewart
 * The Devil and James McAuley
 * HIP "Ian" Hogbin
 * John Russell Black
 * Stanner bio
 * Alfred Austin Justin Conlon - "Alf" Conlon - Alfred Conlon
 * Fry, Thomas Penberthy (1904 - 1952) Biographical Entry - Australian Dictionary of Biography Online
 * Murray, Sir Jack Keith (1889 - 1979) Biographical Entry - Australian Dictionary of Biography Online
 * Queensland Electoral districs from the 19th century.
 * Biographies of Queensland State politicians.
 * Scandal affecting Josgua Thomas Bell, costing him the Catholic vote in 1902
 * Fixing (after move) Postcode links that now should go to UK postcodes
 * Blue cards

Points of Note

 * Alex Law could possibly be described as an Oyaji, especially in the comedic sense.
 * Alex Law is not related by blood to anyone famous.
 * This is not the Alex Law played by Ewan McGregor in Shallow Grave (although there are similarities in humour)
 * Anyone got either the release that includes the Tombstone sequence or a copy of the trailer with the Tombstone sequence that shows "Alex Law's" full name and DoB? (I'd love a scan of the tombstone). Talk to the Talk Page
 * This Alex Law is not Asian. Unlike the Director, Producer and Screenwriter Kai Yui Law (aka Alex Law). However this one is a member of an Ethnic Minority in Australia.

=Get your geek on=

Coolness

 * List of Latin phrases
 * Genetics Home Reference

Time immemorial
Douglas Adams credited his wife (a lawyer) for saying that "time immemorial" began in 1189. If something was true then, it's been true since time immemorial. This refers to the death of Henry II who reformed and unified the English legal system. Henry II - the 'First' King of England

Recommended Operating Systems

 * Red Hat

 * OS/2

=Disclaimers, legals, and other administrivia=

Legal Notice
I agree to multi-licence all my contributions, with the exception of my user pages, as described below:

=...do not try to pigeonhole me...=

That's my job.

But you may want to at least try somethings like Category:Neopagan Wikipedians or Category:Wiccan Wikipedians

title: User:Alex Law


text:
Talk:Deep vein thrombosis

Assignment feedback
As part of a student assignment, feedback on DVT was posted on a user's talk page:. I believe I have already addressed their concerns with regard to compression stockings, but I'll double check. Biosthmors (talk) 17:13, 30 December 2019 (UTC)

Deep bone thrombosis
I think that "deep bone thrombosis" (dbt) is the same thing as deep vein thrombosis. I'm not sure, but here is some corroborating text: About 297 results (0.27 seconds) Search Results Featured snippet from the web Deep bone thrombosis, which is clotting in the veins that can cause a range of leg pain – this can become a life threatening illness if not addressed. ... Other symptoms of PAD include:

numbness/tingling in the lower legs and feet. coldness in the lower legs and feet. ulcers or sores on the legs or feet that do not heal.

Leg Pain https://www.viralegs.com › leg-pain

Web results Causes of Deep Bone Thrombosis - Graphic Online https://www.graphic.com.gh › Ghana news Headlines › Health May 2, 2014 - Dear mirror doctor I am a very active 46-year-old man who drives to and from work with no problems. I noticed a gradual increase in the size of ...

Assessment 2 (1) | Thrombosis | Vein - Scribd https://www.scribd.com › document › Assessment-2-1 Nov 20, 2017 - Deep vein thrombosis deep bone thrombosis (DVT) is a blood clot thrombosis in a major vein that usually develops in the legs and/or pelvis. 2.

Deep Vein Thrombosis - Its a real issue if you drive too much ... https://uberpeople.net › Geographical › Australia › Sydney Feb 21, 2016 - 20 posts - 18 authors ... abuse prescription drugs and are actually obese telling us all we have to live healthier. On the Deep bone Thrombosis thing just make sure if ...

Leg Pain https://www.viralegs.com › leg-pain Deep bone thrombosis, which is clotting in the veins that can cause a range of leg pain – this can become a life threatening illness if not addressed.

Myumaimah : http://myumaimah.com/ https://myumaimah.com.cutestat.com ... wear compression stockings, compression socks for sale, deep bone thrombosis, varicose vein clinic, jobst compression socks, vertical veins in legs, where to ...

The House That Hugh Laurie Built: An Unauthorized Biography ... https://books.google.com › books Paul Challen - 2010 - Biography & Autobiography Within a minute in their first diagnostic session, House has ruled out the schizophrenia as a cause of the deep bone thrombosis (dbt). Unlike his other patients, ...

Deep Bone Thrombosis is Sexy | Torn Flesh Records https://tornfleshrecords.bandcamp.com › track › deep-bone-thrombosis-is-... Deep Bone Thrombosis is Sexy by Torn Flesh Records, released 18 November 2013.

Cafe on the Edge of Outer Space - Page 1 - Google Books Result https://books.google.com › books Robert Appleton - 2008 - Interstellar travel It's a deep-bone thrombosis of stars and gravitational attraction. Body to body, orbit to orbit, me to her. We're cosmic trespassers, and I feel just as transparent as ...

The Complete Testament - Page 1011 - Google Books Result https://books.google.com › books BLA BLA BLA, WE COULD NOT STOP GIVING HIM HIS MEDICATION EVEN HE IS SHOWING SIGNS OF DEEP BONE THROMBOSIS, BUT BECAUSE WE ...

Dr. Sunder Narasimhan - General Surgeon - Book ... - Practo https://www.practo.com › bangalore › doctor › sunder-narasimhan-vascula... Rating: 88% - 154 votes - Price range: ₹700 consultation fee Filter placement for deep bone thrombosis. ○. Cerucial rib. ○. Thoracic Outlet Syndrome. ○. Arterial Duroubosis. ○. Arterial Occlusion. ○. Mesentric Ischemia.

From https://www.google.com/search?client=firefox-b-1-d&q=%22Deep+bone+thrombosis%22 --User123o987name (talk) 16:21, 31 December 2019 (UTC)

 * It seems to be a misunderstanding/misspelling by people who really mean deep venous thrombosis. Tellingly, there are only 216 Google hits on your search. Most of the hits are not written by healthcare professionals. I did not find the phrase at all in PubMed. Axl ¤ [Talk] 12:18, 2 January 2020 (UTC)

Cite heart failure as a DVT risk factor? Bigger question: is it OK to cite VTE risk factors as DVT risk factors?
Greetings User:Graham Beards. After a long hiatus, I am back to working on this article, which you previously reviewed. Thank you. Because of your comment towards the bottom of Peer review/Deep vein thrombosis/archive3, I did recently incorporate mention of stroke and I have been researching the potential impact of heart failure. Regarding heart failure as a risk factor for DVT, I am not yet sure. My current opinion is limited by general internet access. A 2016 systematic review and meta-analysis, for example, states in the abstract "Many studies have investigated the association between venous thromboembolism and heart failure, but have yielded inconsistent findings" but then concludes "Heart failure is a common independent risk factor for venous thromboembolism". Yet it seems odd to cite this article to support the claim that heart failure is a risk factor for DVT because this study is limited to hospitalized patients, and hospitalization itself is already cited on the article as a DVT risk factor. Also, it could be the case that statistical significance for VTE is demonstrated by pooling DVT and PE data while the statistical significance for DVT might not yet be independently established. Similarly, I saw a 2019 study where heart failure appears more correlated with isolated PE than DVT with or without PE, called DVT/PE in this study. While the 2016 meta-analysis suggested that their findings could be considered in future prophylaxis regimens, for what it's worth, the most recent 2018 clinical practice guidelines (that the CDC prominently features on their website) don't have any separate guidance on heart failure patients. I feel a bit lost in the weeds here, but at this point it doesn't seem like a firm fact to call heart failure a risk factor for DVT (unless we operate under the assumption that VTE risk factors are always DVT risk factors). So, should VTE risk factors be cited on the DVT article as DVT risk factors? Biosthmors (talk) 17:07, 2 January 2020 (UTC)

Perhaps we should just specify that the risk factors in this article are VTE risk factors and then that fixes this issue. Biosthmors (talk) 17:36, 2 January 2020 (UTC)
 * The prose of the "Causes" section more or less does this already, I'd say. Also, I did find a more recent open-access study that looked at this issue. It said that "Most, although not all, studies have identified HF as an important risk factor for VTE". It looks like the answer is yes, but it appears to be still in the process of being sorted out by current research. Biosthmors (talk) 13:52, 4 January 2020 (UTC)
 * This study provides some related and interesting reading: "Atrial Fibrillation and Cause-Specific Risks of Pulmonary Embolism and Ischemic Stroke" J Am Heart Assoc. 2018 Jan 29;7(3). (freely available source) Biosthmors (talk) 18:15, 8 January 2020 (UTC)

Sources to add

 * economics: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4706477/
 * diagnosis
 * pathophysiology/causes/risk factors: however (Annals of Translational Medicine redirects to AME Publishing Company which currently says "It was included on Beall's list of predatory publishers, prior to the list being taken offline in January 2017")
 * nonadministration of in-hospital doses (also covered in a 2015 Wall Street Journal article I believe) and
 * management:
 * FVL paradox: https://ashpublications.org/bloodadvances/article/3/21/3375/422724/Thrombus-stability-explains-the-factor-V-Leiden Biosthmors (talk) 02:24, 18 February 2020 (UTC)
 * long-term / extended / indefinite anticoagulation Biosthmors (talk) 17:57, 4 February 2020 (UTC)

Uncertainty in definition of iliofemoral DVT
I am currently not sure if all authors are consistent with their definition for iliofemoral DVT. It appears it might either mean proximal DVT,(I previously cited to support this use but I'm now paywalled), a certain kind of bad proximal DVT that requires involvement of an iliac vein,, or something to be distingished from both femoropopliteal and distal DVT. To be determined. Biosthmors (talk) 19:54, 20 January 2020 (UTC)
 * I've decided to go with the explicit definition provided in 2019 guidelines from Australia and New Zealand as this seems to be the most reliable source to cite so far (particularly since it defines iliofemoral DVT in the context of using catheter-directed thrombolysis). The article has been updated accordingly. Biosthmors (talk) 16:55, 22 January 2020 (UTC)

Causes / risk factors section
(Relevant diff, which I reverted.) I massively reworked the newly dubbed "Causes and risk factors" section yesterday by subsuming a risk factor subsection into the prose of the causes section. So I renamed the new mega-section "Causes and risk factors." I think this title works better than just picking one (Causes or Risk factors) because the first paragraph is all about causes and a lot of the prose talks about the interplay between specific risk factors and why they contribute to those causes. So in my mind the dual titles work well for this section. That being said, the article is in flux, and there's conceptual overlap with the aforementioned section and the Pathophysiology section. So maybe we'll ultimately find a new and improved re-organization of the text that makes this thread obsolete. Also, maybe I'm missing some collective wisdom. For what it's worth, it does seem like a sentence should be added that explains how DVT risk is conceptualized as multifactorial and begins once a threshold is reached. I recall seeing that in a review article, but I'm not sure if it is cited or not. Biosthmors (talk) 15:46, 28 January 2020 (UTC)
 * I've re-thought this, and I've changed it to just "Causes" since that seems to be the most common thing to do per Manual_of_Style/Medicine-related_articles. I don't see a loss in quality by not having the word "risk factor" in the section title. Biosthmors (talk) 15:17, 30 January 2020 (UTC)

Images

 * These images of venograms are interesting. But I don't know what they are showing, so I find it confusing. It should be explained if it is going to be used in the article, in my opinion. In other words, I have long found these images distracting and confusing. I moved them here for the time being, and I will ask the author if they will please assist. Biosthmors (talk) 01:18, 29 January 2020 (UTC)
 * After injecting contrast medium into a vein on the foot, the various vein groups on the lower leg and knee become visible in fluoroscopy. Dilatations of the veins are limited by valves. It can be seen in large sections that the contrast medium does not fill the entire vein, but rather flows around long-stretched thrombi.--Hellerhoff (talk) 19:37, 30 January 2020 (UTC)
 * Thank you Hellerhoff! Biosthmors (talk) 16:46, 31 January 2020 (UTC)

 * The image currently illustrating post-thrombotic syndrome is complicated by a large area of bruising. It is not ideal. I have searched using some methods at WP:Pictures for medical articles but no luck yet. If anyone has access to an image for post-thrombotic syndrome, that would be great, especially if it shows a healthy leg next to an affected one. Biosthmors (talk) 18:54, 30 January 2020 (UTC)
 * I did find one on flikr showing PTS with a prominent ulcer. It was from the UK VTE prevention program but it's copyrighted (2013) and it looks like that organization / initiative is quasi-defunct as their former website is no longer active. Biosthmors (talk) 17:59, 4 February 2020 (UTC)

Bed rest
Bed rest appears to be confined to the history books: "The second half of the [20th] century was characterized by the simplification of anticoagulant treatment, which allowed ambulatory treatment of the disease and the end of the bed‐rest dogma". This explains why I trimmed that content out of the treatment section, which was based on 10+ year old medical sources anyhow. The article already establishes that bed rest is a risk factor (causes section) and that walking helps (prevention section). There's plenty of room to discuss bed rest as a historical treatment in the historical section, as the above quoted source does. But there's no need for us to carp to a few hold-out physicians of the 1990s, as it appears the former text was trying to do. Biosthmors (talk) 18:36, 4 February 2020 (UTC)

Aspirin
I cited a recent secondary source for content regarding aspirin. The following studies were previously cited in the DVT article, but I commented them out a while back, and I'm not sure we need to cite them. Perhaps listing them here will help make sure the article is comprehensive: Biosthmors (talk) 15:50, 18 February 2020 (UTC)
 * article states recurrent VTE after unprovoked VTE and discontinuation of VKA is about 10% in the first year and about 5% per year thereafter
 * article states recurrent VTE after unprovoked VTE and discontinuation of VKA is about 10% in the first year and about 5% per year thereafter
 * article states recurrent VTE after unprovoked VTE and discontinuation of VKA is about 10% in the first year and about 5% per year thereafter

Warfarin
Is still commonly used especially in regions that do not have access to newer / more expensive agents. It is still an appropriate treatment and thus IMO should remain mention as such in the lead. Doc James (talk · contribs · email) 20:34, 26 February 2020 (UTC)
 * Warfarin is the most commonly prescribed anticoagulant in the UK .Graham Beards (talk) 20:53, 26 February 2020 (UTC)
 * That's fine by me. For what it's worth, I do wonder what the new NICE guidelines (with their planned release on 31 March 2020) will say. Biosthmors (talk) 22:29, 26 February 2020 (UTC)
 * Much of the wealthy world is switching to the newer agents (because the easier). It will be a long time before this will occur for other regions were cost is a more significant factor.
 * Happy for us to mention that warfarin is generally started with heparin. Just shortened a bit. Doc James  (talk · contribs · email) 18:23, 27 February 2020 (UTC)
 * Great. And I further clarified things according to my understanding. Biosthmors (talk) 12:12, 28 February 2020 (UTC)
 * That NICE guideline was published and it replaces and updates the currently cited NICE guideline the article uses, so that's something to update. Biosthmors (talk) 01:34, 5 May 2020 (UTC)

NICE NG158
Guideline updated here. Need to review references to CG144 and replace. JFW | T@lk  09:57, 5 May 2020 (UTC)
 * Agreed! That's on my to-do list. Thanks for posting. Biosthmors (talk) 00:55, 7 May 2020 (UTC)

"Deep vein thrombosis in lower limb (NOS)" listed at Redirects for discussion
A discussion is taking place to address the redirect Deep vein thrombosis in lower limb (NOS). The discussion will occur at Redirects for discussion/Log/2020 July 13 until a consensus is reached, and readers of this page are welcome to contribute to the discussion. Tom (LT) (talk) 06:58, 13 July 2020 (UTC)

Pathophysiology, etc. sources
Here we can list sources that might be useful for an updated pathophysiology section: Biosthmors (talk) 21:36, 14 August 2020 (UTC)
 * Ignore highlighting. Henke PK publishes widely in respected journals in this topic area
 * cited & ignore highlighting: cited 72 times in Web of Science as of ~April 1, 2021
 * cited
 * cited
 * cited
 * cited
 * cited
 * cited
 * not needed
 * Other topic:
 * Recent reviews on mechanisms of cancer associated thrombosis also exist
 * per https://www.scopus.com/sources.uri this journal is rated as 181/331 in oncology. a quick google search shows it has already been cited 17 times. Biosthmors (talk) 11:40, 23 April 2021 (UTC)
 * not needed
 * Other topic:
 * Recent reviews on mechanisms of cancer associated thrombosis also exist
 * per https://www.scopus.com/sources.uri this journal is rated as 181/331 in oncology. a quick google search shows it has already been cited 17 times. Biosthmors (talk) 11:40, 23 April 2021 (UTC)
 * per https://www.scopus.com/sources.uri this journal is rated as 181/331 in oncology. a quick google search shows it has already been cited 17 times. Biosthmors (talk) 11:40, 23 April 2021 (UTC)
 * per https://www.scopus.com/sources.uri this journal is rated as 181/331 in oncology. a quick google search shows it has already been cited 17 times. Biosthmors (talk) 11:40, 23 April 2021 (UTC)

Other sources
Epidemiology: Series of articles in Blood: Random: Diagnosis: Signs and symptoms: Lines of Zahn:
 * Is "'Idiopathic' catastrophic thrombosis" a synonym for thrombotic storm as currently used in 6th paragraph of this section?
 * Is "'Idiopathic' catastrophic thrombosis" a synonym for thrombotic storm as currently used in 6th paragraph of this section?
 * Is "'Idiopathic' catastrophic thrombosis" a synonym for thrombotic storm as currently used in 6th paragraph of this section?
 * cited
 * cited
 * cited, but this article can be expanded upon in terms of what anticoagulants for what condition. For example, when LMWH and not a DOAC?
 * cited
 * cited
 * cited
 * mentions character of pain, exacerbating factors; also check BMJ citations there seems to be a problem with accurate volume numbers?
 * mentions character of pain, exacerbating factors; also check BMJ citations there seems to be a problem with accurate volume numbers?

Biosthmors (talk) 19:26, 17 March 2021 (UTC)

Pathophysiology edit
A recent edit added the following text, which I just removed as I have concerns over too-close paraphrasing and duplicative content. Some of it however might be worth adding back "Venous blood clots are structures consisting of successive layers of fibrin, platelets, red bloods cells, and leukocytes. Compared to arterial clots, the number of platelets is relatively low, but platelets do seem to play an important role. It's also worth noting that the use of aspirin may decrease the risk of first and recurrent VTE." Biosthmors (talk) 17:20, 2 April 2021 (UTC)

How does a DVT clot attach to veins?
This edit might have removed the answer but I haven't seen it discussed yet in more recent reviews. Biosthmors (talk) 18:39, 9 April 2021 (UTC)

Soleal veins
In reply to this edit, I've seen a couple reviews mention soleal veins / the soleal vein. The second source discusses the soleal vein in depth. I thought mention of this vein / venous system and a WP:REDlink to it were appropriate. I was thinking since secondary sources mention it, we'd be fine to mention it as well (and that it deserved an article) User:Jfdwolff. Thanks. Biosthmors (talk) 14:42, 11 April 2021 (UTC)

 * Thanks for the clarification. The soleal veins are definitely not the only calf veins where DVTs can originate. From the second reference: "The deep veins of lower limbs are divided into the thigh and calf veins. The calf veins comprise three crural veins (posterior tibial, anterior tibial, and peroneal veins) that receive blood flow from the foot sole and the intramuscular veins (soleal and gastrocnemius veins) and their joint vein (popliteal vein). The thigh veins (iliac and femoral veins) run from the calf veins toward the center. The calf and thigh veins have different anatomical features." Therefore, we should either mention all the veins or none of them. JFW | T@lk  08:15, 12 April 2021 (UTC)

 * I agree with you that "the soleal veins are definitely not the only calf veins where DVTs can originate". But the source has an entire section on "Growth of a Soleal Vein Thrombus", for example. It doesn't do this with any other vein. The first source cites the second (and another) for its sentence that in "most of the lower extremity DVT cases, thrombus formation starts in the soleal veins of the calf and then propagates to other veins". I'm not sure a majority of LEDVT starts in the soleal vein, but saying they often start there appears to be an accurate and appropriately weighted claim. I'm not wedded to this mention of soleal vein(s), however. Biosthmors (talk) 01:17, 13 April 2021 (UTC)

Outdated text
I excised the following text:  The logic of this text is predominantly based upon the use of warfarin. However, anticoagulation now, warfarin or DOACs, has more complicated and differing risk profiles. For example: "... the consequences of a major bleed are generally worse than the consequences of a recurrent VTE: about 12% of major bleeds (probably lower with direct oral anticoagulants [DOACs] than with warfarin10 ), as opposed to 4% of recurrent VTE, are fatal (∼3:1 ratio).3,9,11-13" From. Biosthmors (talk) 06:33, 16 April 2021 (UTC)

Pre-test probability
I removed the following:  and simplified the content for the signs and symptoms section. I'm currently thinking the diagnosis section should mention and link pre-test probability at the beginning. Biosthmors (talk) 15:38, 22 April 2021 (UTC)

Lack of clarity for VTE
The page refers to VTE that can relate to either DVT or PE which is backed up by ref used, but other refs and the entry page for VTE says that VTE is the combination of DVT and PE. This needs to be addressed maybe by adding 'some sources...' etc. --Iztwoz (talk) 09:50, 25 April 2021 (UTC)
 * Thank you for your edits Iztwoz. I see sources say that DVT and PE comprise VTE. But this just means (as I understand it) that VTE = either DVT, PE, or DVT + PE. I'm unaware of sources that say VTE is only DVT + PE. Even if we found one, I think the preponderance of sources are clear on this. With regards to this diff, the supporting sentence is "Thrombosis at unusual sites accounts for ∼10% of all cases of venous thrombosis, affecting any venous region other than the deep or superficial veins of the lower limbs or those involved in pulmonary circulation." (And just to compare the incidence of superficial vein thrombosis with VTE I found this and they are comparable [both are around 1 to 2 per thousand person years].) I also made a clarifying edit at venous thrombosis. In an ideal world, perhaps there would be a parent article at venous thromboembolism for DVT, DVT + PE, and PE. The article at venous thrombosis should really be a parent article to all forms of venous thrombosis. I don't like the current venous thrombosis page because focuses too heavily on VTE, but I believe that's also (perhaps mainly) my fault. Biosthmors (talk) 11:37, 25 April 2021 (UTC)
 * Thanks Biosthmors I admit to a bias for defining venous thromboembolism as comprising both DVT and PE - as per Harrison's for one. A clot in a vein - DVT - is a clot in a vein....it is only a thromboembolism when it or part of it detaches and travels in the bloodstream or what am I misunderstanding? That aside I feel that there is too much coverage of VTE and PE when the entry page is DVT.? These days I can only fit in a few edits mostly when am very tired. --Iztwoz (talk) 19:38, 25 April 2021 (UTC)
 * This is copied from Venous thrombosis page - "When a blood clot breaks loose and travels in the blood, this is called a venous thromboembolism (VTE). The abbreviation DVT/PE refers to a VTE where a deep vein thrombosis (DVT) has moved to the lungs (PE or pulmonary embolism).--Iztwoz (talk) 19:54, 25 April 2021 (UTC)
 * I understand the concern. In my mind it makes sense that Wikipedia might contradict itself, because sources appear to contradict one another as well. I found this public-facing website of an organization that hosts medical journals, and it says VTE = DVT + PE. (But would they agree if you pressed them that they really mean and/or?) I went to a new guideline-based journal article to see what they say and the first sentence says "Venous thromboembolism (VTE), which includes deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), is an important cause of morbidity and mortality among patients with cancer.": from . I've asked a couple Wikipedian physicians (one is already participating) to take a look at the ongoing peer review for DVT. Maybe they'll chime in. For what it's worth, NICE opts for the term venous thromboembolic diseases in reference to DVT and PE. Thanks for your efforts! A lot of the data generated for DVT is under the rubric of VTE so yes, sometimes this article is more generalist than specific at times. Biosthmors (talk) 20:16, 25 April 2021 (UTC)
 * I looked up Harrison's (the same one?) and it said "Venous thromboembolism (VTE) encompasses deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE)..." I interpret that to mean DVT, PE, or DVT + PE. Hope this all helps. I hope you get some rest! Biosthmors (talk) 20:22, 25 April 2021 (UTC)
 * I read it as it says - VTE comprises DVT and PE, as other surces also say and this does not need anybody's interpretation. A pulmonary embolism on its own cannot be considered to be specifically a venous thromboembolism since it may also be caused by an air bubble or a part of an atherosclerotic plaque.see --Iztwoz (talk) 12:17, 28 April 2021 (UTC)
 * Robbins makes the distinction of Pulmonary thromboembolism. Another way of looking at the definition is the description of a pulmonary embolism caused by a deep vein thrombosis.--Iztwoz (talk) 15:23, 28 April 2021 (UTC)
 * Changed wording a bit and added refs - I shall leave the rest now for JFW's review. Best--Iztwoz (talk) 17:06, 28 April 2021 (UTC)
 * I was looking for a journal article to replace the book/website references and the first journal article I opened prompted me to instead excise one of the contributions FYI. The rationale is in the edit summary. Best. Biosthmors (talk) 23:21, 2 May 2021 (UTC)

Classification section
Prompted by Peer review/Deep vein thrombosis/archive4, I removed the following text from the Classification section because I think it wouldn't be useful for readers. These distinctions are either hardly drawn or absent in the article:

And this will be a good source to help give context to the different classifications of proximal DVT: Biosthmors (talk) 14:27, 13 May 2021 (UTC)

Pregnancy
Pregnancy is associated with an increase in fibrinogen and D-dimer levels, so this test is less useful. This should probably be mentioned in the diagnosis section. I've heard of age-adjusted D-dimer levels in the workup of PE, but I don't recall ever seeing that applied to DVT. Biosthmors (talk) 17:52, 25 May 2021 (UTC)

2012 cochrane source recently added
I'm not sure this addition adds anything to the article. It's 9 years old, so it's likely outdated, and it doesn't add anything to the article in my opinion. I seriously doubt the recent seminar on VTE in the Lancet cited this article. The questions Cochrane articles attempt to answer (in my opinion) don't often cleanly lend themselves towards generating useful prose. This article has only been cited ~24 times in the last 9 years. Others seem to agree. Biosthmors (talk) 02:10, 4 August 2021 (UTC)

Selective estrogen receptor modulator
Selective estrogen receptor modulators can be added as a risk factor. Biosthmors (talk) 22:04, 1 August 2022 (UTC)

 * WP:MEDRS evidence? Zefr (talk) 02:37, 2 August 2022 (UTC)
 * Abounds Biosthmors (talk) 00:10, 5 August 2022 (UTC)
 * That's a 13 year old preliminary study. We use reviews - a MEDRS systematic review, meta-analysis, or position statement by a clinical organization within the past 5 years - see WP:MEDSCI. Don't think it exists - see this. Zefr (talk) 01:01, 5 August 2022 (UTC)
 * Zefr, I am familiar with how to source medical articles on Wikipedia. I saw this brought up in a practice board question, so I am assuming it is well-described in the literature. It makes sense, since it is well known that estrogen (think birth control types) increases the risk of VTE. I found a review that states the following regarding tamoxifen (a SERM): "Chemotherapy further heightened the risk of VTE (~ 10-fold higher compared to who did not receive chemotherapy) in patients with metastatic BC [8, 30]. Among hormonal therapies, tamoxifen carried the highest risk which could increase the risk of VTE up to sevenfold, followed by aromatase inhibitors [32]." I am not proposing any specific text for the article at this point. But tamoxifen being an established risk factor appears well-known, as it is mentioned in the abstract of . Also, the abstract of a 2015 review states the risk is increased with most SERMs, so based on that I will concede that my original post is overly-simplistic and likely overstated. But still, the phenomenon I reference appears to be well-known. Biosthmors (talk) 19:46, 20 August 2022 (UTC)

HHS
An expert told me HHS was a risk factor today. I see it confirmed in Western populations thus far. Biosthmors (talk) 23:38, 4 November 2022 (UTC)

 * VTE is a well-known complication of HHS (not just DVT). Should be easy to source. JFW | T@lk  09:50, 6 November 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Deep vein thrombosis


text:
Tiny Grimes

Lloyd "Tiny" Grimes (July 7, 1916 – March 4, 1989) was an American jazz and R&B guitarist. He was a member of the Art Tatum Trio from 1943 to 1944, was a backing musician on recording sessions, and later led his own bands, including a recording session with Charlie Parker. He is notable for playing the electric tenor guitar, a four-stringed instrument.

Biography
Grimes was born in Newport News, Virginia, United States, and began his musical career playing drums and one-fingered piano. In 1938 he took up the electric four-string tenor guitar. In 1940 he joined the Cats and the Fiddle as guitarist and singer. In 1943 he joined the Art Tatum Trio as guitarist and made a number of recordings with Tatum.

After leaving Tatum, Grimes recorded with his own groups in New York and with a long list of leading musicians, including vocalist Billie Holiday. He made four recordings with his own group, augmented with Charlie Parker: "Tiny's Tempo", "Red Cross", "Romance Without Finance", and "I'll Always Love You Just the Same", the latter two featuring Grimes' singing.

In the late 1940s, he had a hit on a jazzed-up version of "Loch Lomond", with the band billed as Tiny "Mac" Grimes and the Rocking Highlanders and appearing in kilts. This group included tenor saxman Red Prysock and singer Screamin' Jay Hawkins. Grimes continued to lead his own groups into the later 1970s and he recorded on Prestige Records in a series of strong blues-based performances with Coleman Hawkins, Illinois Jacquet, Pepper Adams, Roy Eldridge and other noted players including, in 1977, Earl Hines.

With Paul Williams, he co-headlined the first Moondog Coronation Ball, promoted by Alan Freed in Cleveland, Ohio, on March 21, 1952, often claimed as the first rock and roll concert. In 1953 he may have played on the Crows one-hit wonder, "Gee", that has been called the first original rock and roll record by an R&B group.

Grimes died in March 1989 in New York City from meningitis at the age of 72.

Discography

 * Blues Groove with Coleman Hawkins (Prestige, 1958)
 * Callin' the Blues with J. C. Higginbotham (Prestige, 1958)
 * Tiny in Swingville with Jerome Richardson (Prestige, 1959)
 * Hawk Eyes with Coleman Hawkins, Charlie Shavers (Prestige, 1959)
 * Big Time Guitar with Organ and Rhythm (United Artists, 1962)
 * Guitar Soul with Kenny Burrell, Bill Jennings (Status, 1965)
 * Tiny Grimes (Black & Blue Records, 1970)
 * Profoundly Blue (Muse, 1973)
 * Some Groovy Fours (Black & Blue, 1974)
 * One Is Never Too Old to Swing with Roy Eldridge (Sonet, 1977)

title: Tiny Grimes


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/New York Mets (NFL)

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was Speedy delete as this is verifiable nonsense/hoax. Zzyzx11 (Talk) 21:06, 21 July 2005 (UTC)

New York Mets (NFL)
Fictitious BirgitteSB 01:09, July 21, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Binadot 01:56, 21 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete hoax. -- Grev -- Talk 02:06, July 21, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete --EMS | Talk 02:47, 21 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete per above. -- BD2412 talk 03:04, July 21, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete unverifiable. JamesBurns 08:54, 21 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete as per above.-Poli (talk • contribs) 14:01, 2005 July 21 (UTC)
 * Delete unverifiable. Hansamurai 14:02, 21 July 2005 (UTC)
 * It's verifiable in the sense that we can verify that it's nonsense. :-) Speedy delete. --Idont Havaname 18:21, 21 July 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
C. J. Dennis

Clarence Michael James Stanislaus Dennis (7 September 1876 – 22 June 1938), better known as C. J. Dennis, was an Australian poet and journalist known for his best-selling verse novel The Songs of a Sentimental Bloke (1915). Alongside his contemporaries and occasional collaborators Henry Lawson and Banjo Paterson, Dennis helped popularise Australian slang in literature, earning him the title "the laureate of the larrikin".

When Dennis died, Australia's then Prime Minister Joseph Lyons said he was destined to be remembered as the "Australian Robert Burns".

Biography
C. J. Dennis was born in Auburn, South Australia. His father owned hotels in Auburn, and then later in Gladstone and Laura. His mother suffered ill health, so Clarrie (as he was known) was raised initially by his great-aunts, then went away to school, Christian Brothers College, Adelaide as a teenager.

At the age of 19 he was employed as a solicitor's clerk. It was while he was working in this job that, like banker's clerk Banjo Paterson before him, his first poem was published under the pseudonym "The Best of the Six". He later went on to publish in The Worker, under his own name, and as "Den", and in The Bulletin. His collected poetry was published by Angus & Robertson.

He joined the literary staff of The Critic in 1897, and after a spell doing odd jobs around Broken Hill, returned to The Critic, serving for a time c. 1904 as editor, to be succeeded by Conrad Eitel. In 1906 he co-founded and edited The Gadfly as a literary magazine; it ceased publication in 1909.

Dennis himself left The Gadfly and Adelaide for Melbourne in November 1907. In 1908, he camped with the artist Hal Waugh at Toolangi, north-east of Melbourne, near Healesville. Toolangi was his home for most of the rest of his life. C. J. Dennis married Margaret Herron in 1917. She published two novels and a biography of Dennis called Down the Years.

From 1922 he served as staff poet on the Melbourne Herald.

C. J. Dennis is buried in Box Hill Cemetery, Melbourne. The Box Hill Historical Society has attached a commemorative plaque to the gravestone. Dennis is also commemorated with a plaque on Circular Quay in Sydney which forms part of the NSW Ministry for the Arts – Writers Walk series, and by a bust outside the town hall of the town of Laura.

In 1976, ABC produced and broadcast The Life And Times Of C. J. Dennis, timed to coincide with the 100th year of Dennis' birth. The docu-drama starred John Derum as Dennis and is set around the time when Dennis produced The Gadfly.

Books

 * Backblock Ballads and Other Verses (1913)
 * The Songs of a Sentimental Bloke (1915)
 * The Moods of Ginger Mick (1916)
 * The Glugs of Gosh (1917)
 * Doreen (1917)
 * Digger Smith (1918)
 * Backblock Ballads and Later Verses (1918)
 * Jim of the Hills (1919)
 * A Book for Kids (1921) (reissued as Roundabout, 1935)
 * Rose of Spadgers (1924)
 * The Singing Garden (1935)
 * The Ant Explorer (posthumously, 1988)

Poems

 * "The Austra-laise" (1908)
 * "An Old Master" (1910)

title: C. J. Dennis


text:
Tucana Dwarf

The Tucana Dwarf Galaxy is a dwarf galaxy in the constellation Tucana. It was discovered in 1990 by R.J. Lavery of Mount Stromlo Observatory. It is composed of very old stars and is very isolated from other galaxies. Its location on the opposite side of the Milky Way from other Local Group galaxies makes it an important object for study.

Properties
The Tucana Dwarf is a dwarf spheroidal galaxy of type dE5. It contains only old stars, formed in a single star formation era around the time the Milky Way's globular clusters formed. It is not experiencing any current star formation, unlike other isolated dwarf galaxies.

The Tucana Dwarf does not contain very much neutral hydrogen gas. It has a metallicity of -1.8, a significantly low number. There is no significant spread in metallicity throughout the galaxy. There does not seem to be any substructure to the stellar distribution in the galaxy.

Location
The Tucana Dwarf is located in the constellation Tucana. It is about 870 kpc away, on the opposite side of the Milky Way galaxy to most of the other Local Group galaxies and is therefore important for understanding the kinematics and formation history of the Local Group, as well as the role of environment in determining how dwarf galaxies evolve. It is isolated from other galaxies, and located near the edge of the Local Group, around 1100 kpc from the barycentre of the Local Group—the second most remote of all member galaxies after the Sagittarius Dwarf Irregular Galaxy.

The Tucana Dwarf galaxy is one of only two dwarf spheroidal galaxies in the Local Group not located near the Milky Way or the Andromeda Galaxy. It is thought to have approached the Andromeda Galaxy about 11 billion years ago, which ejected the galaxy far away to its current position; such galaxies are called "backsplash galaxies".

title: Tucana Dwarf


text: User talk:70.16.59.49

title: User talk:70.16.59.49


text:
Robinson Armament XCR

The Robinson Armament Co. XCR is a multi-caliber, gas piston weapon system developed by Robinson Armament Co. for U.S. Special Operations Command (SOCOM) to fill the requirements of the SOF Combat Assault Rifle, or SCAR competition, but was disqualified on a technicality due to late delivery of blank firing adapters. It has been offered to law enforcement, the military, and the general public since 2006.

Overview
The XCR utilizes a heavy duty bolt and extractor connected to a long stroke type gas piston. The bolt and extractor are designed and patented by Robinson Arms, and promoted as offering higher performance over eight lug M16/M4 type bolts. Other features include a folding stock, telescoping M4 Carbine style stocks, monolithic top Picatinny rail with side and under-barrel rails, and forward assist integrated into left-side charging handle.

Operating mechanism
The XCR rifle utilizes a gas-operated action with a long-stroke gas piston, similar to the Kalashnikov design, and the gas chamber is positioned above the barrel.

Its proprietary bolt features a three-lug design, securely locking onto the barrel extension, which helps to keep the upper receiver unstressed. The design eliminates the need to check headspace when changing barrels. The rifle incorporates a steel fixed ejector inside the receiver, secured by two bolts, which the manufacturer claims results in stronger ejection compared to the AR-15's spring-loaded ejector. Ejection pattern occurs at the two o'clock position relative to the operator, with an optimal distance of 15 to 20 feet, depending on the ammunition type and gas setting.

The XCR uses STANAG 4179 type magazines.

History and variants
The XCR was designed in 2004 by Alex J. Robinson of Robinson Armament Co. Production of the XCR-L variant of the rifle began in mid-2006.

The XCR-L is currently available in 5.56×45mm NATO, 6.8mm Remington SPC and 7.62×39mm calibers. Each of these calibers is available in kit form for converting an existing rifle to one of the other calibers.

The XCR-M .308 was officially confirmed via Robinson Arms email circulation to a public reveal at SHOT show 2011. The 6.8mm Remington SPC variant began shipping in November 2007.

The 7.62×39mm rifles and conversion kits began shipping in July 2008.

In August 2009 Robinson Arms began shipping 3 different sized upper receivers enabling PDW and pistol style variants:
 * Standard Upper Receiver – The original length and designed to support barrel lengths from 11" to 18.6".
 * Mini Upper Receivers – 15.25" long and designed to support barrel lengths from 9" to 18.6". Primarily intended for barrel lengths from 9" to 10".
 * Micro Upper Receivers – 13.25" long and designed to support barrel lengths from 7.5" to 18.6". Primarily intended for barrel lengths from 7.5" to 8".

Variants are also available in "California" versions which are limited to meet the more restrictive State of California firearms laws.

Robinson Armament also produced an 18.6" barrel version for the Canadian market. The XCR rifles intended for the Canadian market were shipped with the FAST stock (fully adjustable stock), although aftermarket stocks are available as an accessory. These rifles shipped with a single magazine pinned to accept only five rounds. On May 1, 2020, the XCR was reclassified as a Prohibited Firearm and is no longer legal to import or sell in Canada.

Since its introduction in 2006, components of the XCR have been updated. Most of these enhancements are available to existing XCR owners.

 * In November 2006 the firing pin was redesigned and made more durable and robust.
 * The first few hundred XCRs shipped with Yankee Hill Machine (YHM) back up iron sights (BUIS). The most recent iteration ships either without BUIS or with BUIS designed by Midwest Industries.
 * A 2nd generation adjustable gas system started shipping with XCR rifles in July 2007. The 1st generation gas system required tools (a 5/8" wrench) to adjust. The 2nd generation system can be adjusted by hand.
 * The XCR's hammer was updated in July 2008 concurrent with the release of the 7.62×39 rifles/kits. The new heavier design allows the XCR to ignite some newer Wolf 7.62×39 ammunition made with extra-hard primers.
 * In early 2009, Robinson began shipping rifles with an integral winter-style trigger guard and new paddle style safety. A provision for a quick detachable sling loop was added to the stock mount.
 * A two-stage match trigger is available which will break at approximately 3.5 lbs. This trigger can be ordered with a new rifle or retrofitted to an older one. The older one was a two-stage trigger that was about twice as heavy, and some complaints included trigger slap. As of May 2009, the new trigger has been shipping with all new rifles.
 * Ambidextrous mag release was demonstrated at SHOT 2010.
 * XCR-M .308 and XCR-L 5.45 calibers have been confirmed for public announcement and display at SHOT show 2011 via Robinson e-mail bulletin.

title: Robinson Armament XCR


text: Talk:Wizard People, Dear Reader

title: Talk:Wizard People, Dear Reader


text:
Missouri Route 291

Route 291 is a state highway in the western part of the U.S. state of Missouri. Its southern terminus is at I-49/US 71 in Harrisonville; its northern terminus is at I-435 in Kansas City. The route was once designated as US 71 Bypass. Route 291 serves as a main arterial road and commercial strip in Liberty and Independence.

Route description
Route 291 begins in central Cass County at an interchange with I-49/US 71 in Harrisonville. Here, the roadway continues as Cantrell Road. It travels to the north, intersecting Route P (203rd Street), and past Country Creek Golf Club. It has a brief concurrency with Route 58. The two routes separate after just over 1 mi. Route 291 is a major highway in eastern Jackson County. In Lee's Summit, it has an interchange with Route 150. After it passes Shamrock Hills Golf Course, it has a very brief concurrency with US 50. After the two highways separate, Route 291 travels through the main part of the city and has an interchange with I-470. The two highways begin a concurrency for the remainder of I-470's length. They interchange with Strother Road, Woods Chapel Road, Lakewood Boulevard and Bowlin Road. After crossing over the Little Blue River and entering Independence, they have an interchange with US 40 (Cpl M.E. Webster Memorial Parkway) and I-70, where I-470 meets its eastern terminus. Route 291 continues to the north. It has an interchange with 39th Street. It crosses over a Kansas City Southern Railway line on the southeastern corner of Van Hook Park. After a more westerly jog, it intersects Route 78 (East 23rd Street South). Immediately after crossing over a Union Pacific Railroad line is an interchange with Truman Road. Farther along is an interchange with US 24. Route 291 passes to the west of Winterstone Golf Course and travels to the north-northwest. It crosses over Mill Creek. It then crosses over a Union Pacific Railroad line just to the west of the River Bluff Nature Preserve. The highway then crosses over the Missouri River on the Liberty Bend Bridge. On the northern shore of the river, it enters River Bend. In town is an interchange with Route 210. The highway enters Clay County and Liberty. Route 291 curves to the west and then to the northwest. It intersects the eastern terminus of Route 152 (West Kansas Street). It curves to the north and parallels I-35/US 69 before curving back to the northwest and meeting those routes at an interchange. Almost immediately is an intersection with the southern terminus of Route A (Church Road). Route 291 curves to the west and has an interchange with I-435, where it ends and turns into NE Cookingham Drive which is a road that leads to the Kansas City International Airport

History
The route was renumbered in the mid-1960s when I-29 was opened.

It originally crossed the Missouri River about 2 mi north of where it does now, until 1949, when the Missouri River was rerouted. The county line stayed constant, however, leaving some of Jackson County north of the river. It was aligned on what is now the western frontage road in southern Liberty, Southview Drive, until the mid-1970s, when a four-lane Route 291 was built.

Route 291 was designated as "Route 35" from 1926 to 1939, and then "US 71 Bypass" until 1972. From 1922 to 1926, Route 35 took the western route between Harrisonville and Kansas City, while Route 1 followed present Route 291; US 71 replaced that part of Route 1 in 1926, but followed what had been Route 35, and so Route 35 was moved east to replace the piece of Route 1 bypassed by US 71.

title: Missouri Route 291