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Arnie Lerma

Arnaldo Pagliarini Lerma (November 18, 1950 – March 16, 2018) was an American writer and activist, a former Scientologist, and a critic of the Church of Scientology who appeared in television, media and radio interviews. Lerma was the first person to post the court document known as the Fishman Affidavit, including the Xenu story, to the Internet via the Usenet newsgroup alt.religion.scientology.

Biography
Lerma was born in Washington, D.C., in 1950.

Time in Scientology
Lerma started in Scientology at the age of 16 at the urging of his mother who was the executive director of the Founding Church of Scientology Washington D.C. (FCDC). He had been impressed by the Church's exaggerated account of L. Ron Hubbard's military career and scientific credentials. Lerma joined staff at FCDC and later in New York and was a course supervisor. Around 1970, he joined Scientology's Sea Org and served for seven years, being paid $10 per week and sometimes surviving on peanut butter.

During his time in Scientology, Lerma reach the level of OT III.

In 1976 he met Hubbard's daughter Suzette. Lerma became romantically involved and they planned to elope. Their relationship was discovered and Lerma was threatened with physical harm if he did not cancel the marriage plans.

Lerma quit Scientology soon afterward.

Internet activities
Lerma said he didn't want to destroy Scientology, but he wanted a change of management. In the early internet, Arnie Lerma posted in the internet newsgroups "alt.religion.scientology" and "alt.clearing.technology", including posting public records from court cases involving the Church of Scientology. He scanned and posted documents he obtained, many of which were sent to him, including court documents known as the Fishman Affidavit or Fishman Declaration from the case Church of Scientology International v. Fishman and Geertz.

Scientology sues Lerma over copyrights
After Lerma posted the Fishman Affidavit in August 1995, his home was raided by federal marshals, led by lawyers from the Church of Scientology, alleging he was in possession of copyrighted documents. A lawsuit was filed against Lerma and his Internet service provider by the church's Religious Technology Center (RTC), claiming copyright infringement and trade secret misappropriation.

The Washington Post and two investigative reporters were added to the lawsuit, as an article written about the raid contained three brief quotes from Scientology "Advanced Technology" documents.

The Washington Post, et al., were released from the suit when United States District Judge Leonie Brinkema ruled in a memorandum on November 28, 1995

"When the RTC first approached the Court with its ex parte request for the seizure warrant and temporary restraining order, the dispute was presented as a straightforward one under copyright and trade secret law. However, the Court is now convinced that the primary motivation of RTC in suing Lerma, DGS and The Post is to stifle criticism of Scientology in general and to harass its critics. As the increasingly vitriolic rhetoric of its briefs and oral argument now demonstrates, the RTC appears far more concerned about criticism of Scientology than vindication of its secrets."

- Memorandum opinion of November 28, 1995, by U.S. District Judge Leonie Brinkema; Religious Technology Center v. Arnaldo Lerma, Washington Post, Mark Fisher, and Richard Leiby

The 1995 memorandum opinion acknowledges what Scientology practices to this day: the "fair game" policy, a written directive by L. Ron Hubbard that encourages harassment of anyone who speaks out against the church. In conclusion, the court awarded to RTC damages in the statutory minimum of $2,500 ($500 for each of five instances of non-willful copyright violation) for posting online a substantial portion of a copyrighted work "without comment, criticism, or other significant changes that could constitute fair use". The court also ordered the return to Lerma of his computer and all items seized in the ex parte search which was supposed to be narrowly limited. "'Because the RTC violated the spirit if not the letter of the law, and misled the court as to which materials were maintained and reviewed, the court vacated the writ of seizure and ordered RTC to return all seized materials.'"

Lermanet
In the late 1990s, Arnie Lerma started a website called Lermanet, which concentrated on news about Scientology and on documenting lawsuits by Scientology. He was also noted for discovering an altered picture on a Scientology website on New Year's Eve in 1999, one that appeared to inflate the number of members attending a millennial event at the Los Angeles Sports Arena in California. He posted the pictures to his website identifying the alterations, with the most prominent feature being the "man with no head". The story appeared on national television and in the press.

Death and legacy
Arnie Lerma had been suffering with severe back pain for decades, despite two surgeries, and had become addicted to opioids and was increasingly paranoid. On March 16, 2018, Arnie Lerma shot his wife Ginger Sugerman twice in the face, and after she fled their home in Sylvania, Georgia, he committed suicide by gunshot.

Sugerman survived but went through six surgeries and depression. On March 28, 2019, in an attempt to reunite with her adult children who were still in the Church of Scientology but forbidden contact with her, she attempted to 'deliver a blow to the enemies of Scientology' by deleting Lermanet (lermanet.com) in the hopes that the Church would allow her to reconnect with her children. The deletion failed to achieve her goal of reuniting her family. Ginger Sugarman died in 2022.

In late 2019, the website reappeared as lermanet.org and his blog reappeared as arnielerma.blog.

Writings

 * The Internet is the Liberty Tree of the 90s
 * Copyrights and Why Scientology Hates Arnaldo Lerma
 * Scientology Gag Agreements - A Conspiracy for Silence
 * The art of deception, 1996

title: Arnie Lerma


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Natterer's bat

Natterer's bat (Myotis nattereri) is a European vespertilionid bat with pale wings. It has brown fur tending to greyish-white on its underside. It is found across most of the continent of Europe, parts of the Near East and North Africa. It feeds on insects and other invertebrates which it catches on the wing or pursues on the ground.

In summer it roosts in deciduous and coniferous trees, buildings or bat boxes close to its feeding habitats. In winter it hibernates in caves, tunnels, mines or cellars, usually hiding in crevices. This bat was first described in 1817 by Heinrich Kuhl, who named it in honour of the Austrian naturalist Johann Natterer.

Description
Natterer's bat is a medium-sized species and grows to a head and body length of 1.75 to 2 in with a forearm (elbow to wrist) length of 1.75 in. It weighs between 5 and 9.5 g. The short, dense fur on the dorsal (upper) surface of head and body is greyish-brown while the ventral (under) surface is whitish-grey. The ears and the wing membranes are smoky grey. This bat can be distinguished from other similar species by the fact that the free edge of the interfemoral membrane between the hind limbs is wrinkled and fringed with stiff, curved hairs and the calcar, a spur of cartilage that supports the membrane, is shaped like a "S".

Distribution and habitat
The Natterer's bat species complex has a western Palaearctic distribution and is native to most of Europe, parts of the Middle East and parts of northern Africa. Its range extends from southern Sweden, Finland and western Russia in the north to Ireland, the United Kingdom, Spain and Portugal to the west. It extends eastwards to Ukraine, western and southwestern Asia Minor, the Levant, the Caucasus region, the Kopet Dag Mountains in Turkmenistan, Iran and northern Kazakhstan. Its southern limit is Morocco and Algeria, southwards as far as the Atlas Mountains. Records from North Africa are few in number and the population there is likely to be small. Its historic range included Norway, in which it is now a possibly extirpated species.

It is found from sea level up to an altitude of about 2000 m. It is found in forests, parkland, and in open countryside with scattered woodland. It roosts in holes in trees, buildings and nestboxes. In winter it hibernates in caves, mineshafts, tunnels and cellars, hiding itself away in cracks and crevices usually near the cave entrance. It is largely a resident species and the summer roosts and winter hibernation sites are usually within 120 km of each other.

Myotis nattereri species group distribution.svg are indicated by stars for each described taxon.

{{Legend|#e5ef10|M. crypticus}} {{Legend|#21b72f|M. escalerai}} {{Legend|#1a92f8|M. zenatius}} {{Legend|#d40000|M. nattereri}} {{Legend|#ef00ef|M. sp. C}} {{Legend|#a300a3|M. hoveli}} {{Legend|#ff6600|M. tschuliensis}} {{Legend|#570acc|M. schaubi araxenus}} {{Legend|#808080|Uncertain status in Cyprus}} ]]

Behaviour
Natterer's bat is nocturnal and insectivorous. It emerges at dusk to hunt for insects and uses echolocation to find prey and orient itself at night. Like many other species of bat, it emits sounds at too high a frequency for most humans to detect and then interprets the echoes created in order to build a "sound picture" of its surroundings. The frequencies used by this bat species for echolocation lie between 23 and 115 kHz and have most energy at 53 kHz. The individual signals have an average duration of 3.8 ms. The wide bandwidth of its frequency-modulated search signals enables it to detect prey only a few centimetres from vegetation and it does not use vision, olfaction or sounds emitted by its prey for this purpose. The bat feeds on the wing and it mostly catches insects in flight but it is also able to feed on prey items such as spiders and caterpillars dangling close to foliage on silken threads.

During a study of the bat's diet, examination of droppings showed that it can also gather prey items from the ground. The diet was found mostly to consist of large Diptera (flies) but Trichoptera (caddisfly), Hymenoptera (bees, wasps, ants and hoverflies) and Arachnida (spiders and harvestmen) were also commonly eaten. The remains of other prey items occasionally found in the droppings included Lepidoptera (moths), Coleoptera (beetles), Hemiptera (bugs), Dermaptera (earwigs) and Chilopoda (centipedes). This bat may use its interfemoral membrane to catch prey and the fringing hairs may have a sensory function. It has been shown that it can land on the ground to pick up and pursue invertebrates that are active at night, and continues to emit search signals in order to locate them precisely.

Breeding takes place in the spring and many Natterer's bats may congregate in a nursery roost. After fertilisation, a female normally gives birth to a single offspring after a gestation period of fifty to sixty days, but twins sometimes occur. Weaning takes place six or seven weeks later and the juvenile becomes sexually mature the following year.

Status
The IUCN has listed the Natterer's bat in its Red List of Threatened Species as being of "Least Concern" because it has a very wide distribution and is abundant in many parts of its extent. The population trend seems to be steady and no significant threats have been identified. The IUCN does note however that in some parts of its range woodlands are under threat and land management practices are changing. Roosting sites in trees and buildings may be destroyed and in Africa, cave roosting habitats are being damaged. The bat is used in traditional medicine practices in North Africa.

Natterer's bats are protected under the European Habitats Directive, the Bonn Convention (Eurobats) and the Berne Convention. In the United Kingdom their rarity means that woodlands containing the species may be considered for notification as Sites of Special Scientific Interest or Special Areas of Conservation and may attract a grant under Natural Englands Environmental Stewardship scheme.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Natterer's bat


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Asdasdasd

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete. Though if anyone truly wants to make it a redirect, they are very cheap. Sasquatch′↔T↔C 03:27, August 3, 2005 (UTC)

Asdasdasd
This is non-encyclopedic
 * Strong Delete -- Rubbish. Daedalus-Prime 18:28, 18 July 2005 (UTC)
 * OK, since asdf exists (and not bad at that), I'll change my vote to Redirect. Daedalus-Prime 19:34, 18 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy delete patent nonsense -Harmil 18:33, 18 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect to asdf. •Zhatt•  18:40, July 18, 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect to asdf JoJan 19:02, 18 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect per above. Jaxl 19:15, 18 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, there is nothing to distinguish asdasdasd from jkljkljkl or slaskjaskfjaskf or slfkwqopasf or what have you, so no reason to redirect that particular phrase. Dcarrano 23:36, July 18, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Redirect not useful. Qwerty and Asdf have a bit of history behind them, I suppose; this one does not. A и D я 01D  TALK  EMAIL  23:38, July 18, 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy -- nonsense. - Longhair | Talk 00:58, 19 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, would be a bad redirect. humblefool®Have you voted in the CSD poll yet? 02:28, 19 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete/ NO REDIR. Very bad idea for a redirect. Xoloz 04:38, 20 July 2005 (UTC)
 * It was just an idea... •Zhatt•  06:34, July 20, 2005 (UTC)
 * Oh, no offense intended, sorry. I am nothing but one big, fat "bad idea" :) Xoloz 06:44, 20 July 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


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Fall River Rovers

Fall River Rovers were a United States soccer club, based in Fall River, Massachusetts. They won the 1888 and 1889 American Cups as well as the 1917 National Challenge Cup. In 1922 Rovers and Fall River United attempted to share rent on venue due to increasing costs. Subsequently their joint bid for an ASL slot in the 1922–23 season was rejected. They later disbanded with their players signing with other teams.

The name was revived during the 1933–34 season by a team that played in the New England Division of the American Soccer League. Other teams in the division included another Fall River United.

Early years
In the late 19th century Fall River, Massachusetts, together with Kearny, New Jersey and St. Louis, Missouri, emerged as a stronghold for soccer in the United States. In the late 1870s Fall River experienced a period of economic growth, driven by the demand for cotton print cloth. Southeastern New England was the birthplace of the United States textile industry and Fall River became known as Spindle City. By 1876 the city was home to 43 factories, more than 30,000 looms and more than one million spindles. Keeping them all working required immigrant labor and, while some of the new arrivals were French Canadian and Irish, many also came from Lancashire and Glasgow, two of the earliest strongholds of soccer in the United Kingdom. As a result, several soccer clubs, including Rovers, emerged within the city. In February 1884, the team was founded at a meeting held on County Street, Fall River. The team joined the Bristol County Football Association in 1885. Other clubs from the city included Fall River Olympics, Fall River Pan Americans and Fall River East Ends. Rovers, along with these clubs became affiliated with the American Football Association and entered the American Cup. Between 1888 and 1892 teams from Fall River won the cup five times in succession. Fall River Rovers won it in both 1888 and 1889. In 1891, Rovers, along with the Fall River Olympics, East Enders and Pawtucket Free Wanderers, formed the New England League. In 1903, Rovers won the Interstate League championship. In 1907, they reentered the AFA. The Rovers were the New England League champions in 1909 before joining the first Eastern Soccer League in 1910. When this league was abandoned during its only season, Rovers were in the lead. Between 1915 and 1921 they played in the Southern New England Soccer League, twice finishing as runners-up in 1917 and 1921. In 1917 they also won the Times Cup, the league cup of the SNESL, defeating J&P Coats 3–0 in the final.

Rivalry with Bethlehem Steel
During the late 1910s a strong inter-regional rivalry developed between Rovers and Bethlehem Steel. The teams played against each other in three consecutive National Challenge Cup finals. Rovers were defeated in both the 1916 and the 1918 finals but won the competition in 1917. The rivalry was intensified by the fact that, at the time, Rovers featured mainly United States-born players while Steel relied heavily on players imported from both the Scottish Football League and the English Football League. In addition neither club was immune from fan violence. The 1916 final, hosted by J&P Coats in Pawtucket, Rhode Island, attracted a crowd of 10,000, almost all backing Rovers. With the score 0–0 after 80 minutes, Steel were awarded a penalty, triggering protests from both Rovers players and fans alike. Steel subsequently converted the penalty, which was enough to win the trophy. However, with seconds remaining Rovers were denied a penalty, sparking both a riot and a pitch invasion. The 1917 final saw Steel and Rovers return to Pawtucket to play in front of a crowd of 5,000. Rovers avenged their 1916 defeat with a goal scored in the first minute giving them a hard fought 1–0 win. The 1918 final saw the two teams return to Pawtucket for a third time, this time playing out a 2–2 extra-time draw in front of 10,000. However Rovers lost the replay 3–0 in Harrison, New Jersey. The star of the Rovers team during this era was Thomas Swords, who in 1916 captained the United States in their first official international. Other notable players included John Sullivan, who scored in both the 1917 and 1918 finals, and Chick Albion.

Honors

 * American Cup:
 * Winners (2): 1888, 1889
 * National Challenge Cup
 * Winners (1). 1917
 * Runners Up (2): 1916, 1918
 * Times Cup
 * Winners (1): 1917
 * New England League
 * Winners (1): 1909
 * Southern New England Soccer League
 * Runners Up (2): 1916–17, 1920–21

title: Fall River Rovers


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Craig Gordon

Craig Sinclair Gordon (born 31 December 1982) is a Scottish professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for club Heart of Midlothian, whom he captains, and the Scotland national team.

Gordon started his career with Heart of Midlothian. He spent time on loan at Cowdenbeath (in 2001–02), before establishing himself as Hearts' first-choice keeper between 2003 and 2007, winning the Scottish Cup in 2005–06. English Premier League club Sunderland bought him in 2007 for £9 million (then the British transfer record fee for a goalkeeper).

Gordon suffered serious injuries during his time with Sunderland and was released from his contract in 2012. After two years out of the game, Gordon signed for Celtic in July 2014. He won five Scottish league titles, two Scottish Cups and four Scottish League Cups with Celtic, including domestic trebles in 2016–17, 2017–18 and 2018–19. He left Celtic and returned to Hearts in June 2020.

Gordon was the regular goalkeeper for the Scotland national football team between 2004 and 2010, before injuries interrupted his career, and returned to the national set-up in 2014. He made the Scottish FA International Roll of Honour, having made his 50th full international appearance for Scotland in 2017. In June 2024 he became the oldest footballer to have played for Scotland.

Gordon has been voted the SFWA Footballer of the Year three times, in 2006, 2015 and 2022, and was voted SPL and SFWA Young Player of the Year in 2004.

Early career
Born in Edinburgh, Gordon attended Balerno Community High School from 1994 until 1999. His father, David Gordon, played in goal for several East of Scotland clubs, and Gordon spent many Saturday afternoons as a child watching him play. Gordon started off his own career as a goalkeeper at local team Currie Boys Football Club, and then went on to join and graduate from the Heart of Midlothian (Hearts) youth development programme. He won the Scottish Youth Cup in 1999–2000, with Hearts beating Rangers 5–3 at Hampden Park and the SPL Under-18 League in 2000–01, both under the management of John McGlynn.

Cowdenbeath (loan)
Gordon was loaned to lower league club Cowdenbeath in 2001. In his time there, he continued to train regularly with Hearts, but spent two nights a week training with Cowdenbeath. His first professional game was at Forthbank against Stirling Albion, and he went on to make a total of 13 appearances before being recalled by Hearts. Cowdenbeath went undefeated in their home games during Gordon's time there, and he won praise for an outstanding performance in an away league match in Dumfries versus Queen of the South which ended 3–1. Divisional champions that season, Queens, dominated the game, but Gordon's saves thwarted them time and again, with opposition manager John Connolly describing Gordon's performance as "sensational".

Heart of Midlothian
Gordon made his debut for Hearts in a 1–1 draw with Livingston on 6 October 2002. His one other appearance that season was in a 4–0 defeat against Falkirk on 25 January 2003 in the third round of the Scottish Cup. Over the course of the following season, 2003–04 season, he edged out Tepi Moilanen as the regular Hearts goalkeeper, playing in 29 of Hearts' league fixtures. Gordon made his first appearance in European competition on 6 November 2003, playing in the first leg of Hearts' UEFA Cup second round tie in France against Bordeaux. He performed well and kept a clean sheet in an impressive 1–0 win for Hearts. Despite that result, Heart lost the return leg 2–0 in Edinburgh to go out on aggregate. His performances that year resulted in him being short-listed for the Scottish PFA Young Player of the Year award, which was eventually won by then Celtic midfielder Stephen Pearson. Gordon did win SFWA Young Player of the Year and SPL Young Player of the Year accolades for 2003–04. He was selected as SPL Young Player of the Month too for December 2003. Manager Craig Levein praised Gordon for his performances, stating that he had a "brilliant" season and that whilst Levein initially only intended to play him in a handful of games, "he did so well that I couldn't take him out [of the first team]." Gordon signed a new three-year contract with the club in August 2004.

In his first full season as first choice goalkeeper, Hearts qualified for the UEFA Cup after they finished third behind champions Celtic and Rangers. The team qualified for the group stages of the UEFA Cup beating Braga on aggregate 5–3. Hearts also reached the semi-finals of both the Scottish Cup (beaten by Motherwell after extra time) and Scottish League Cup (beaten by Celtic) in season 2004–05.

Gordon had become a Scotland regular by 2005 and his consistent displays during the 2005–06 season helped Hearts to a second-place finish in the Scottish Premier League and victory in the Scottish Cup. The trophy was won in a penalty shootout against Gretna following a 1–1 draw, with Gordon saving opponent Derek Townsley's penalty. He kept a clean-sheet in a 4–0 win against Edinburgh derby rivals Hibernian in the semi-final. Hearts owner Vladimir Romanov rejected an approach from Serie A side Palermo for Gordon earlier in the season. That season he was voted Scottish Football Writers' Association Player of the Year, becoming the first Hearts player to win the award since Sandy Jardine in 1986 and also the first goalkeeper since Rangers' Andy Goram in 1993.

For much of the 2006–07 season rumours linked Gordon with a move away from Tynecastle, particularly following his involvement in the issuing of a statement against club owner Vladimir Romanov. Gordon and Paul Hartley flanked captain Steven Pressley as he read out a statement claiming there was "significant unrest" in the Hearts dressing room. The venue for this statement, Hearts' Riccarton training ground, led to the media dubbing the players the "Riccarton Three". Rangers, Aston Villa, Arsenal and Manchester United were all credited with an interest in the player in late 2006. Arsenal manager Arsène Wenger observed Gordon in action in Scotland's 1–0 victory against France in a Euro 2008 qualifying match. He touted Gordon as having "presence and good handling and [he] looks a very good goalkeeper to me." Gordon confirmed his rising stock with a spectacular cross-goal save in the October 2006 Edinburgh derby and the following month he was named as Hearts' new captain, replacing the departed Pressley. Despite Hearts' claims that he was ill, he was "dropped" to the bench for the game against Dundee United in December 2006 for what many believed to be a disciplinary measure by the club following his involvement in the "Riccarton Three" statement. He was reinstated for the Edinburgh derby match against Hibernian three days later. He was not listed in the squad to face Rangers on 27 January 2007, four days before the closure of the transfer window, and it was confirmed by the club that they were negotiating his transfer. Gordon remained a Hearts player when the window closed.

In March 2007, Gordon expressed his interest in playing for Arsenal, after reports had cited that he was linked as a candidate to succeed the veteran Jens Lehmann as Arsenal's first-choice goalkeeper, stating "Arsenal is one of the top teams in Britain, in Europe, if not the world, so it is something that would definitely interest any player". Hearts failure to qualify for European competition at the season's end further increased speculation that Gordon would be sold, with Sunderland and Aston Villa rumoured suitors in July 2007. His appearance in Hearts 3–1 friendly defeat by Barcelona on 28 July proved to be his last for the club for 13 years.

On 8 November 2007, Gordon was inducted into the Hearts Hall of Fame. Still only 24, he was the youngest player ever to have that honour bestowed upon him.

Sunderland

In August 2007, Gordon agreed a five-year contract with Sunderland. The £9 million fee was the highest a British club had ever paid for a goalkeeper, until Manchester United paid around £17 million for David de Gea in 2011. Gordon made his debut for Sunderland in the opening game of the 2007–08 Premier League against Tottenham Hotspur, keeping a clean sheet as his side won 1–0. During this match, the rival goalkeeper was Paul Robinson and the England first choice. It was the first time a Scotland first choice goalkeeper and an England first choice goalkeeper had faced each other in a club match since 2001, when Arsenal's David Seaman faced Tottenham's Neil Sullivan.

Following Sunderland's 7–1 loss to Everton in December, Sunderland manager Roy Keane dropped Gordon to the bench and Welsh goalkeeper Darren Ward took his place. Gordon regained his place as first choice goalkeeper three games later.

Midway through the 2008–09 season, Gordon was sidelined for several months with a knee injury and found himself as backup to Márton Fülöp. He regained his place in the starting eleven at the beginning of the 2009–10 season. On 7 November away at Tottenham Hotspur, he broke his arm after colliding with Jermain Defoe and was sidelined for nearly three months. He returned on 23 January in a game against Portsmouth.

During the summer of 2010, Gordon had surgery on his broken arm to remove a metal plate. He returned to training days later, but he fractured his arm again during a training session. It was confirmed he would miss the start of the 2010–11 Premier League campaign, with Sunderland's new goalkeeper Simon Mignolet deputising. When Gordon returned from injury, Mignolet remained the first choice goalkeeper. On 9 November 2010, Gordon made his first appearance of the season away at Tottenham Hotspur. The game ended in a 1–1 draw. Gordon also starred in Sunderland's 3–0 win over Chelsea. On 18 December 2010, Gordon made a stunning reflex save to deny Zat Knight in a 1–0 win against Bolton Wanderers. In 2012, this effort was voted as the best save in the 20-year history of the Premier League.

Injury struck again when he suffered a tendon injury in his knee, resulting in him being replaced by Mignolet. The knee tendon problem allowed him to be the substitute goalkeeper, despite not being fully fit. On 19 April 2011, it was revealed that Gordon had undergone knee surgery to repair his knee tendon and an anterior cruciate ligament injury he had suffered. The recruitment of Coventry City goalkeeper Keiren Westwood added further doubt about the Scotsman's future. Gordon was linked with Arsenal and Celtic amongst other clubs in August 2011. Gordon rejected a loan move to another club to continue his rehabilitation on Wearside. He made his return on 4 January 2012 for the Sunderland reserve team, keeping a clean sheet in a 2–0 victory against Arsenal reserves. He returned to first team action on 28 April against Bolton Wanderers, but he was one of nine players released by Sunderland on 19 May 2012.

Free agent and coaching work
Gordon was linked with a move to Celtic in 2011 and 2012,   but he did not sign with another club for two years as he continued to be troubled by knee injuries. He regularly did television work during his time out of football. After meeting Ian Murray while doing television work, Gordon did some coaching work for Dumbarton on a casual basis. Gordon then admitted it was highly unlikely that he would play during 2012–13 and that he was considering becoming a coach. Gordon trained with Rangers during the 2013–14 season, but was not offered a contract. In March 2014, Gordon said that he had fully recovered from his injuries and was looking to resume his playing career. In June, Celtic confirmed that Gordon had been training with them and that they were in signing talks with him.

2014–15
In July 2014, Gordon signed for Celtic. He made his first appearance for Celtic on 19 July, playing in the first half of a pre-season friendly against Dynamo Dresden. Gordon made several saves in his 45-minute appearance, and said afterwards "It was good to get back playing. From a personal point of view, it's been a long time out. So it was good to get out there and to play for 45 minutes and get a clean sheet in the first half. I have to be happy with that." Fraser Forster was transferred to Southampton for a reported £10 million transfer fee in August, clearing the way for Gordon to become first choice goalkeeper. Gordon made his first competitive appearance in over two years on 13 August 2014, a 3–0 win against St Johnstone.

After only three games for Celtic, an impressive start to the season earned Gordon a recall to the Scotland national team in August 2014. His good form for Celtic continued both domestically and in Europe especially, with strong displays against Salzburg, Dinamo Zagreb and Astra Giurgiu, helping Celtic qualify for the UEFA Europa League knockout stages. His performances drew praise from his teammates,    club coaches,  national coach,  supporters   and observers. Many believed he was finally over his long-term injury problems and back to his best. He was already being tagged as one of Celtic's greatest bargains. Gordon also shut out his former team Hearts twice in cup matches.

Gordon kept eight successive clean sheets between December and February, which almost became nine until a 72nd minute St Johnstone goal ended the run on 14 February 2015. An outstanding double save near the end ensured a 2–1 win for Celtic. Gordon endured a torrid night in the Europa League against Inter Milan on 19 February 2015, being culpable for Inter's opening goal and at fault for their third before half-time; Celtic rallied to square the match at 3–3 with an injury time goal, and Gordon went some way to redeeming his earlier errors by pulling off an outstanding save from Xherdan Shaqiri's free kick in what proved to be the last action of the game. In the second leg at the San Siro, Gordon kept 10-man Celtic in the tie with a number of excellent saves until the 87th minute when Fredy Guarín scored with a powerful strike to give Inter a 1–0 win on the night and a 4–3 aggregate victory. One of Gordon's saves away against Inter was compared to Gordon Banks' save against Pele in 1970.

Gordon won his first silverware with Celtic after they defeated Dundee United 2–0 in the Scottish League Cup Final on 15 March 2015. He kept a clean sheet in every round of the competition, which included playing in the first Old Firm game for three years. According to The Scotsman in March 2015, Gordon was attracting the attention of Chelsea. He made his 50th Celtic appearance in a 2–1 league win at Dundee on 22 April 2015. A day after shutting out Dundee in a 5–0 home win, Celtic became league champions after Aberdeen lost at Dundee United on 2 May 2015. It was his first league title as a player. Gordon played 52 times and kept 28 clean sheets in his first season at Celtic.

Gordon was voted Player of the Year by the Scottish Football Writers' Association, and was selected in the PFA Scotland Premiership Team of the Year. He was omitted from the PFA Players' shortlist, despite having been touted amongst the favourites to win it.

2015–16
For the 2015–16 season, Gordon was assigned the number 1 shirt to wear, replacing the number 26 shirt he wore when he was signed. In July 2015, Gordon signed a new contract with Celtic until 2018. His first match of season 2015–16 was the 2–0 UEFA Champions League second qualifying round first leg win at home to Stjarnan on 15 July 2015. Celtic progressed 6–1 on aggregate. The 1–0 win against Qarabağ, in the third qualifying round first leg at home, was his 30th clean sheet in 55 appearances for Celtic. Celtic advanced 1–0 on aggregate. Gordon also started the league campaign with consecutive clean sheets against Ross County and Partick Thistle. However, Gordon's form at this time was generally poorer than the previous season, in part due to Celtic struggling to find a settled defensive line-up following the departures of centre-halves Virgil van Dijk and Jason Denayer.

2016–17
Gordon saved a penalty in a 2–0 second leg defeat at Hapoel Be'er Sheva in the UEFA Champions League play-off round, with Celtic progressing to the group stage after a three-year absence 5–4 on aggregate. He made his first ever appearance in the UEFA Champions League group stage in a 3–3 home draw with Manchester City on 28 September 2016.

Gordon won his second League Cup with the club without conceding a goal in the competition (just like in 2014–15), after Celtic beat Aberdeen 3–0 in the final, as the club won its 100 major trophy on 28 November 2016. He kept a clean sheet in a 1–0 home win against St Johnstone on 25 January 2017, a result which meant that Celtic equalled a 50-years-old club record 26 match unbeaten start to a domestic season (a record set by the Lisbon Lions in 1966–67). Gordon shut out his former club Hearts four days later, in a 4–0 home win, as Celtic broke the Lisbon Lions' unbeaten record.

Premier League club Chelsea made an approach for Gordon during the January 2017 transfer window, which Celtic rejected. In March 2017, Gordon signed a contract with Celtic that ran until 2020. Gordon again shut out Hearts, in a 5–0 victory at Tynecastle on 2 April 2017, with the club clinching the Scottish Premiership title for the sixth successive season in record time with eight matches remaining. The team also broke a 100-years-old club record for an unbeaten start to a domestic season (36 matches in-a-row in 1916–17), with this win being their 37th domestic match unbeaten.

Gordon was also in goal for Celtic in the 5–1 league win at Rangers on 29 April 2017, which was the club's biggest victory at Ibrox since 1897 (4–0 in 1897). On 21 May 2017, he kept a clean sheet in a 2–0 home win over Hearts in the final league match of the season, a result which meant Celtic completed a 38-match league season without losing a match, the first team to go an entire Scottish league season without a defeat since season 1898–99. He also won the Scottish Cup, after he played in the 2–1 final win against Aberdeen on 27 May 2017, which saw the club complete the domestic treble and finish a full 47-match domestic season without losing.

Celtic topped the list for the most shut-outs in the SPFL with 19 clean sheets and held the joint best record with Hibernian for goals conceded in the SPFL with 25.

Later years
Celtic again won domestic trebles in 2017–18 and in 2018–19. This meant they had won all three competitions for three consecutive years, a feat known as the "treble treble". Gordon played regularly during that time but occasional high-profile mistakes, such as in the UEFA Europa League against Fenerbahçe in 2015 and Red Bull Salzburg in 2018, posed doubts as to his reliability; he lost his place to Fraser Forster (returning from Southampton on loan) in 2019–20, and made only six first team appearances during that season. He decided to leave Celtic in June 2020, despite having been offered a new contract, as he wanted to play more regularly.

Return to Heart of Midlothian
After leaving Celtic, Gordon signed a two-year contract with Heart of Midlothian in June 2020. He made a good start to his second spell with Hearts, helping them reach the 2020 Scottish Cup Final by making key saves during the semi-final against Hibs (delayed from the previous season). Against Ayr United, Gordon captained the team on his 200th appearance for the club. He became the 75th Hearts player to reach that milestone. A 3–0 win marked his 66th Hearts shut out. He finished the season with eight consecutive clean sheets. Gordon lost out to teammate Liam Boyce for Championship Player of the Year, but did make Team of the Year for the division.

Ahead of the 2021–22 season Gordon became the Hearts club captain, following the retirement of previous captain Steven Naismith. He signed a new contract in December 2021, which is due to keep him at the club until 2024. In November 2021 he broke the record, previously held by Steven Pressley, for most international appearances made while with Hearts. Gordon was shortlisted for PFA Scotland Player of the Year for the first time in 2021–22 and made the divisional Team of the Year category again. Despite missing out on the PFA award (to Callum McGregor), the SFWA voted him their Footballer of the Year for a record third time.

On 24 December 2022, Gordon suffered a serious leg injury following a collision with Steven Fletcher during a Scottish Premiership match against Dundee United. Hearts confirmed two days later that Gordon had suffered a double leg break, and that he would miss the remainder of the 2022–23 season.

Gordon resumed training with the Hearts first team in October 2023, and he made his first appearance since injury on 20 January 2024 against Spartans in the Scottish Cup. That appearance meant he became the oldest man to play in a competitive game for Hearts. A month later, he signed a new contract with Hearts that will keep him with the club for the 2024–25 season.

Scotland under-21 team
Gordon made his debut for the Scotland under-21 team on 4 September 2002 at New Douglas Park, Hamilton in a 2–1 win versus Israel. Over the next year he played a further four times for the under-21 team.

Full international, 2004–2010
Gordon made his full international Scotland debut in a 4–1 victory versus Trinidad and Tobago at Easter Road on 30 May 2004. Scotland started their qualifying campaign for the 2006 World Cup on 8 September 2004 versus Slovenia at Hampden Park. Gordon played in goal and kept a clean sheet, although Scotland performed poorly in a goalless draw. Having been given his debut by Berti Vogts, Gordon established himself as the Scotland first-choice goalkeeper throughout the campaign and under Vogts' successor Walter Smith, playing in all ten of Scotland's qualifying matches. BBC pundit and former player Allan Preston saw him as a potential Scottish great, describing him as "one of the best goalkeepers in Europe". After a 1–1 draw versus Italy, Gordon obtained praise from the opposition goalkeeper Gianluigi Buffon, who said he could be one of the best goalkeepers in the world. Gordon kept clean sheets as Scotland won 1–0 twice versus France in UEFA Euro 2008 qualification. He also registered an assist in the Parc de Princes, after McFadden controlled Gordon's punt, turned his marker and smashed home from 35 yards. Gordon had attained a total of 40 caps by November 2010 but his injury problems prevented him from adding to this total for the next four years.

Comeback, 2014–2017
Following his comeback with Celtic, Gordon was recalled to the Scotland squad in September 2014 for a Euro 2016 qualification match against Germany. Gordon eventually obtained his 41st cap, ending a four-year absence from international football, when he came on as a half-time substitute in a friendly defeat to England on 18 November 2014. Gordon started his first Scotland match in almost five years in a friendly win versus Northern Ireland in March 2015

Gordon made his first start for Scotland in a competitive match in seven years in a 2018 World Cup qualifier against England in November 2016, and retained his place in the team for the 1–0 home win versus Slovenia in March 2017. On 5 October 2017, Gordon obtained his 50th cap versus Slovakia at Hampden Park to enter Scotland's Roll of Honour.

Steve Clarke, 2020–present
Gordon was not selected by Scotland manager Steve Clarke during his first year in charge, as he had lost his first team place at Celtic. After a good start to his second stint with Hearts, Gordon was recalled to the national squad in November 2020. The call up included the defeat of Serbia in the UEFA Nations League play-off final to qualify for UEFA Euro 2020, the Scotland men's team's first major tournament in 23 years. He also gained his 55th cap, a 1–0 away defeat by Slovakia in the 2020–21 UEFA Nations League, set a new record for the longest-spanning international career for a Scottish player (16 years 5 months and 17 days). This beat a mark set by his rival for the position David Marshall just three days earlier, which itself had overtaken a record dating back to 1903 by fellow goalkeeper Ned Doig.

Gordon was picked in the Scotland squad for Euro 2020, but was an unused substitute during the tournament as Marshall played in all of Scotland's three matches. Gordon became the first choice goalkeeper again in September 2021, as Marshall was no longer playing for his club. In November 2021 he saved a penalty during a 2–0 win in Moldova that clinched a place in the World Cup qualifying playoffs. Teammate Callum McGregor said Gordon was "like Peter Pan" after that game, a reference to the longevity of his performances.

Gordon was shortlisted for SFWA International Player of the Year in 2021–22, an award he had already won in 2009–10.

On 14 June 2022, he gained his 70th Scotland cap in a 4–1 Nations League victory over Armenia, becoming only the seventh player in history to hit 70 caps for the Scottish men's team. In his 73rd cap against Ukraine (0–0), Gordon recorded his 30th cleansheet, which ensured promotion to Group A of the UEFA Nations League. Gordon missed all of UEFA Euro 2024 qualifying due to a broken leg suffered in December 2022, although Scotland qualified automatically in his absence. In February 2024 he stated that he wanted to become Scotland's oldest player, the record being held by David Weir, and was subsequently recalled to the international squad a month later. Gordon broke that record on 7 June when he appeared as a second-half substitute in a friendly against Finland, but he was left out of the final squad for UEFA Euro 2024.

Personal life
Gordon has four children: daughters Freya and Emma with former wife Jennifer, and sons Ace Harlow (born 2021) and Axel (born 2022), from a relationship with his partner Summer Harl. Axel was born on the morning of a Scotland international match that his father played in.

Honours
Hearts Academy
 * Scottish U-18 Premier League: 2000–01
 * Scottish Youth Cup: 1999–2000

Heart of Midlothian
 * Scottish Cup: 2005–06
 * Scottish Championship: 2020–21

Celtic
 * Scottish Premiership: 2014–15, 2015–16, 2016–17, 2017–18, 2018–19
 * Scottish Cup: 2016–17, 2017–18
 * Scottish League Cup: 2014–15, 2016–17, 2017–18, 2018–19, 2019–20

Scotland
 * UEFA Nations League B: Promotion 2022–23

Individual
 * SFWA Footballer of the Year: 2005–06, 2014–15, 2021–22
 * SPFL Premiership Player of the Year: 2021–22
 * SFWA Young Player of the Year: 2003–04
 * SPL Young Player of the Year: 2003–04
 * SFWA International Player of the Year: 2009–10
 * Heart of Midlothian Hall of Fame: 2007
 * Hearts Supporters Player of the Year: 2021–22
 * Hearts Players' Player of the Year: 2021–22
 * PFA Scotland Premiership Team of the Year: 2014–15, 2021–22
 * Scotland national football team roll of honour inductee: 2017
 * SPL Young Player of the Month: December 2003

title: Craig Gordon


text:
Ian Stanley

Ian Christopher Stanley (born 28 February 1957) is a British musician, songwriter and record producer. He was a member of Tears for Fears for most of the 1980s, and played a key role in the making of their multi-platinum-selling second studio album Songs from the Big Chair.

Work with Tears For Fears (1982 – 1989)
After offering them free use of his recording facility, Stanley became a member of Tears for Fears, contributing on synthesizers, drum machines, organ, pianos and backing vocals on their first three albums. He also co-wrote (with Roland Orzabal) many of their songs from the period 1983–1985, and was a part of the production team during this era as the band worked with producer Chris Hughes at their studio, The Wool Hall, in Bath.

He has appeared in several Tears for Fears music videos, including "Change" (in which he plays one of the two masked musicians), "Mothers Talk" (versions 1 & 3), "Shout", "Everybody Wants to Rule the World", "Head over Heels" and "I Believe", and has performed with the band on many television performances. He also appeared in the 1983 Tears for Fears live video In My Mind's Eye, and the 1985 Tears for Fears documentary film Scenes from the Big Chair, as well as completing two world tours with the band.

Post-Tears for Fears and production
Following the success of Songs from the Big Chair, Stanley collaborated with Roland Orzabal on the 1986 side project Mancrab, releasing a single, "Fish for Life", which was made for the soundtrack of the film The Karate Kid Part II. Stanley also began working on Tears for Fears' third album, The Seeds of Love, but (along with producer Chris Hughes) left the project due to creative differences. His more prominent contributions to this album, however, can be heard on the hit single "Sowing the Seeds of Love" and the B-sides "Always in the Past" and "My Life in the Suicide Ranks".

He admitted that his choice to leave the band was a hard one, but cited several reasons for his departure, the main one being he believed Roland was "accelerating away" from the rest of the band in terms of his vocal power and the proficiency of the instruments he played. Also around this time Stanley wanted to become a music producer and/or make film music. He has expressed his dislike for their third album The Seeds of Love, stating that "Badman's Song" is "too long and overdrawn", that "Advice for the Young at Heart" is "lightweight", and that some lines in "Woman in Chains" are "cheap and throwaway", the main example being "so free her" at the end of the song. He believed that Tears for Fears were a synth duo, and imagined that their third album would be like Songs from the Big Chair "but with a bit more rock".

Since the 1980s, Stanley has produced such artists as Lloyd Cole and the Commotions, A-ha, The Pretenders, Howard Jones, Ultra, Republica, Naimee Coleman, Stephanie Kirkham, Natalie Imbruglia, Propaganda, The Human League and Tori Amos. He also contributed to The Sisters of Mercy re-recording of Temple of Love and additional production on Under The Gun. Stanley also did A&R for Warners East West Records but left in 1998.

In 2006 Stanley produced The Beautiful South's album Superbi, in part at his Irish studio in Enniskerry, County Wicklow.

In 2009 Stanley joined forces with members of the Tears for Fears touring band from 1985 to form "Headshells", with original Tears for Fears drummer Manny Elias, saxophonist Will Gregory and bassist Lee Gorman.

The band was billed as “Ian Stanley, Manny Elias, Lee Gorman & Will Gregory”. They played one live show at The Grand in Clitheroe to a capacity crowd, but shortly after the event, which was well-received by fans of classic Tears for Fears songs, it was announced on Manny’s official website that they would be too busy to commit to Headshells on an ongoing basis, and so Headshells came to an end.

title: Ian Stanley


text:
Mi Heng

Mi Heng (c. 173 – 198), courtesy name Zhengping, was an ancient Chinese writer and musician who lived in the late Eastern Han dynasty. He is best known for his fu rhapsody "Fu on the Parrot", which is his only work that has survived to modern times.

Life
Mi Heng was born around 173 in Ban County (般縣), Pingyuan Commandery (平原郡), which is in present-day Shanghe County, Shandong. In the early 190s, Mi Heng, like many others, fled northern China to escape the chaos that broke out towards the end of the Han dynasty. He settled in Jing Province (covering present-day Hubei and Hunan) and joined the staff of its Governor, Liu Biao. Around 196, Mi Heng moved north to join the imperial court that the warlord Cao Cao had established in Xu (許; present-day Xuchang, Henan). Mi Heng was friendly with the prominent scholar Kong Rong, who wrote a memorial recommending him for imperial service and submitted it to Emperor Xian, who was then mainly a puppet ruler under Cao Cao's control. Mi Heng returned to Jing Province in 197, where he stayed until his death a year or two later.

Although Mi Heng was known as a gifted poet and talented writer, he was prone to erratic behaviour, offensive jokes, and an arrogant attitude that made him difficult to socialise with, and even caused some to question his sanity.

Upon arriving in Xu around 196, Kong Rong spoke highly of Mi Heng to Cao Cao, who summoned him for an audience. Mi Heng, however, had a low opinion of Cao Cao, and refused to attend. Cao Cao was outraged by Mi Heng's refusal, but refrained from punishing Mi due to his reputation as a talent. Mi Heng was known as a talented drummer, so Cao Cao invited him to perform with several other drummers at a banquet. Cao Cao provided special garments for the drummers to wear, but Mi Heng refused to wear the provided clothing and wore his own clothes when he performed in front of Cao Cao and the other high-ranking guests. When an attendant scolded him for not dressing appropriately, Mi slowly stripped, stood naked in front of Cao Cao and the other guests for a few moments, and then slowly put on the drummers' garments and continued performing without showing any embarrassment. Kong Rong arranged a second meeting between Mi Heng and Cao Cao, but Mi turned out to be just as offensive as he had been at the first meeting, so Cao Cao decided to send him back to Liu Biao.

Among Liu Biao's subordinates, Mi Heng was highly respected for his literary talents. However, he also criticised Liu Biao for being indecisive and offended most of Liu's other attendants with his arrogant attitude. Liu Biao tolerated him for a year before sending him to Jiangxia Commandery (江夏郡; around present-day Xinzhou District, Wuhan, Hubei) to serve its Administrator, Huang Zu. Huang Zu's son, Huang Yi (黃射), greatly admired Mi Heng. Huang Zu himself was also initially impressed by Mi Heng's intelligence and talent. However, Mi Heng got into trouble when he insulted Huang Zu in front of all of his officers at a banquet. Huang Zu ordered Mi Heng's execution, which was quickly carried out by a senior clerk who hated Mi Heng.

Works
A library catalogue from the Liang dynasty recorded that a volume of Mi Heng's collected works existed in two rolls (juan), but this collection was already lost by the early Tang dynasty (early 7th century). Mi Heng's only surviving work is his "Fu on the Parrot" (Yingwu fu 鸚鵡賦), probably written in 198, which was collected and preserved in the Selections of Refined Literature. Two reliable English translations exist:

title: Mi Heng


text:
Talk:Women's Battalion

Untitled
I like this page. It is informative but keeps me interested. I would love it for this topic to get more attention; women's history is a very fascinating thing.
 * even if there is nothing more I can do - I can at least get the article's title spelled correctly!!! Peter Shearan 15:08, 25 July 2005 (UTC)

= Bolshevik allegations of witchcraft? =

Hi. The page says, "The triumphant Bolsheviks claimed that the women in the battalion were witches". There may be some confusion here; the "witch hunt" described in the first external link would seem to be metaphorical. I can't find any reference to literal accusations of witchcraft on the web or in print; can somebody source this? Otherwise, it should be removed. -- Victor Lighthill 04:30, 30 August 2006 (UTC)

Proposed merge of Vera Butcharev into this article
Due to a lack of sources to establish independent notability for Vera Butcharev, I propose that the entirety of the article (two sentences) be merged into an appropriate section in this article. I can find no non-trivial sources that would help expand the Butcharev article; a mention on one page of a book is not sufficient to create a neutral biography on this individual. If there is consensus to do so, or if no one comments within a week, I will undertake the merge myself. Cheers, CP 16:35, 26 August 2008 (UTC)

Article Rework?
I've obtained several books and resources regarding this topic and as this page seems to have been neglected, I was planning on a full rework and polish. I am however a brand new user and doubt I'm given free reign to construct, is there any veterans who would care to guide me along? ArkosTW (talk) 15:48, 17 July 2021 (UTC)

 * Hey I know you posted this a while ago and I've only made about 20 or so edits but I can try and help you out if you'd like. Rojo Rosa (talk) 09:15, 27 October 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Women's Battalion


text:
User talk:Skicavs

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! , EvilPhoenix talk 18:14, July 18, 2005 (UTC)
 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
 * Help pages
 * Tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Manual of Style

title: User talk:Skicavs


text:
Talk:Zaharoff Basil

Since there is already an article "Basil Zaharoff which is more comprehensive, this article must be merged with that of the latter article. RashBold 18:14, 18 July 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Zaharoff Basil


text:
User talk:SamuraiBoywithaDrugProblem

You have been vandalizing Wikipedia. You should know that your actions are futile and only put you at risk. Most vandalism to Wikipedia is fixed within 5 minutes, and there is no way for you to cause any permanent damage. Please stop or your account will be recorded on the vandalism in progress page, if it is not already there. Website defacement is a crime in many countries, and you can rest assured that if you do not stop vandalizing pages after being warned, you will likely be blocked. Trying to evade this block to continue vandalizing will only prompt somebody to report you to your ISP. Consider this message your only warning.

If you decide to change your behavior and contribute positively and constructively to Wikipedia, your contributions will be greatly appreciated, regardless of your past behavior. -Casito⇝Talk 18:15, 18 July 2005 (UTC)

I ran across this message on my talk page, warning me that "Website defacement is a crime in many countries. . ." Well I really doubt that this could be the case in a 'wiki' format after all. How can you define "defacement" in a 'wiki' format where the general public is invited and encouraged to make changes? The anti-defacement law, if it exists, would apply more to vandalising the Pentagon's homepage, etc. . . things to which the general public does not have access to change. Next, there are jurisdictional problems to address. In which court will the 'wiki-violator' be haled and how? Is this a Federal or State violation? Are the law enforcement officers of one state going to effectuate the apprehension of a wiki-vandal charged under this law in another state? If its a Federal crime, then Federal officers must make the arrest. Next is the problem of proving intent (mens rea). Also, the language of "defacement" might be overbroad or vague and present Constitutional First Amendment issues. Just a few thoughts, no biggie.SamuraiBoywithaDrugProblem 21:19, 18 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Please don't play word games. Wikipedia is not a democracy. If your behavior will be considered disruptive, your "few thoughts" will not prevent you from being banned. This is a work in progress, not a chat room, and nor an exercise in First Amendment. mikka (t) 23:11, 18 July 2005 (UTC)

I would have liked to respond earlier, but you arbitrarily "blocked" me from doing so. You're confusing the issue -- I was treating the issue of criminal liability only. You rebutted with an argument based on wikipedia private policy. But what can be expected from a known Communist eh? Concentrate young grasshopper...clear your mind...SamuraiBoywithaDrugProblem 23:15, 18 July 2005 (UTC)
 * You were not threated with criminal prosecution; it was given as an example. You were threated with being blocked for trolling, i.e., disrupting the work. Please also read the policy avoid personal attacks. mikka (t) 00:07, 19 July 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:SamuraiBoywithaDrugProblem


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Rend Lake

Rend Lake is a 13 mi long, 3 mi wide reservoir located in Southern Illinois in Franklin and Jefferson Counties near the town of Benton. It contains 18,900 acres (76 km2) of water, stores 185000 acre.ft of water, and supplies over 15 million gallons of water per day to 300,000 persons in over 60 communities. The reservoir is up to 35 ft deep, but its average depth is closer to 9.7 ft. Its elevation is 405 ft above sea level.

Rend Lake was created when the United States Army Corps of Engineers dammed the Big Muddy River. The dam and lake were authorized in 1962, but the lake was not completely filled until March 1973.

The shoreline of Rend Lake extends 162 miles (261 km), part of which is preserved as Wayne Fitzgerrell State Recreation Area. Swimming beaches at North Marcum and South Sandusky are managed and maintained by the US Army Corps of Engineers. An adjacent Illinois Artisans Shop & Visitors Center is part of the Illinois State Museum system and is operated by the Illinois Department of Natural Resources.

In 2010, Rend Lake was designated as an Important Bird Area of Illinois.

Fishing
Rend Lake is one of the largest lakes in Illinois and is home to some of the top ranked fishing. Recognized species in Rend Lake are the following :

title: Rend Lake


text:
Phill Lewis

Phillip David Lewis (born February 14, 1968) is an American actor, comedian, and director. He is best known for playing hotel manager Mr. Moseby on the Disney Channel series The Suite Life of Zack & Cody and its spin-off, The Suite Life on Deck. Lewis has also appeared in series such as Lizzie McGuire, Friends, The Wayans Bros., Yes, Dear, Scrubs, and How I Met Your Mother.

Early life
Lewis was born on February 14, 1968, in Uganda to American parents. His father, Delano Lewis, served as the U.S. Peace Corps' associate director and country director for Nigeria and Uganda at the time and would later serve as the United States Ambassador to South Africa. Lewis has three brothers.

Career
Lewis made his film debut as Dennis in the 1988 dark comedy Heathers. In 1991, he was cast in the lead role of the short-lived CBS sitcom Teech. The series was cancelled after thirteen episodes. He has appeared in smaller roles in other films, including City Slickers (1991), Bowfinger (1999), I Spy (2002), Surviving Christmas (2004), Kicking & Screaming (2005), and Beverly Hills Chihuahua 2 (2011). He also appeared in guest parts on various television series including Sister Sister, Pacific Blue, JAG, Ally McBeal, Joan of Arcadia, Brothers & Sisters, 8 Simple Rules, Buffy the Vampire Slayer, Friends and How I Met Your Mother. Lewis has also had recurring roles on A Different World, The Wayans Bros., Lizzie McGuire, Yes, Dear, Scrubs, and Raising Hope.

Lewis co-starred in the Disney Channel original series The Suite Life of Zack & Cody as Mr. Moseby. In 2008, he had reprised the role on a spin-off The Suite Life on Deck, where he plays the manager of The S.S. Tipton. He has appeared as a guest star on Disney Channel's That's So Raven and Phineas and Ferb and also in one of the channel's original films, Dadnapped. On the children's series Special Agent Oso, he has a recurring role as the voice of Agent Wolfie.

As a television director, he directed eight episodes of The Suite Life on Deck, first making his directorial debut with The Suite Life of Zack & Cody episode "I Want My Mummy" (2007). He has since gone on to direct episodes of the Disney Channel sitcoms A.N.T. Farm, Austin & Ally, Good Luck Charlie, Kickin' It and Jessie. His other television directing credits include Malibu Country, Mike & Molly, 2 Broke Girls, The Soul Man, Sullivan & Son, Melissa & Joey, Young & Hungry, The Odd Couple, One Day at a Time, and Indebted. He also directed the live episode of Undateable in 2015 that secured a third season for the series.

From 2017 to 2019, Lewis directed fifteen episodes of Netflix sitcom One Day at a Time.

Legal issues
In late December 1991, Lewis was arrested after he fatally struck Isabel Duarte, a resident of Bethesda, Maryland, in a car crash. He was charged with manslaughter and driving while intoxicated. His blood alcohol level at the time measured three times the limit for legal intoxication. The court sentenced Lewis to five years in prison, but suspended four, citing Lewis's work after his arrest with a prison-based theater troupe that performed in jails, schools, and churches, to highlight the consequences of drug abuse. Lewis was also ordered to serve two years' probation after his release and to perform 350 hours of community service.

Marriage and family
Lewis is married to Megan Benton Lewis and has two daughters.

title: Phill Lewis


text:
User:Kentuckay

As a newspaper editor in Carlisle County, Kentucky, I work on a daily basis with many people. My interests are art and writing. This year, I will join with my classmates from the Class of 1965, Heath High School for a 40-year class reunion.

Another of my interests is camping, preferably tent camping. I have camped from Maryland to Mississippi and many points in between. The best place is Nathan Bedford Forrest State Park near Camden, Tennessee. The spookiest place I've ever camped was near Burkettsville, Maryland, where the movie, "Blair Witch Project" was filmed.

Projects I've checked into and joined are:
 * WikiProject_Community Thanks to Quinobi for telling me about Wikipedia
 * WikiProject_Kindness_Campaign Kindness Campaign is something the world could really use, kindness is contagious and begins with one person.

title: User:Kentuckay


text: User talk:80.7.118.138

title: User talk:80.7.118.138


text: File:Super Mario Land 2 box art.jpg

title: File:Super Mario Land 2 box art.jpg


text:
User talk:Kentuckay

Hello and welcome to Wikipedia! Hope you like it here, and stick around.

Here are some tips to help you get started:

 * To sign your posts (on talk pages, for example) use the '~' symbol. To insert just your name, type ~~~ (3 tildes), or, to insert your name and timestamp, use ~~~~ (4 tildes).
 * Try the Tutorial, and feel free to experiment in the test area.
 * If you need help, post a question at the Help Desk
 * Follow the Simplified Ruleset
 * Eventually, you might want to read the Manual of Style and Policies and Guidelines.
 * Remember Neutral point of view
 * Explore, be bold in editing pages, and, most importantly, have fun!

Good luck!

Meelar (talk) 18:17, July 18, 2005 (UTC)

Welcome and thanks
Welcome to Wikipedia, Kentuckay and thanks for joining the Community Builders Taskforce. I think you're going to like it here! Quinobi 17:31, 20 July 2005 (UTC)

A Friendly "Hello"
Hello, I am gladto see your participation in the Kindness Campaign. I am also from Kentucky, but I reside in the Louisville Metro Area. Have you ever been to that area? Anway, have fun on Wikipedia and spread your kindness with all of the other Wikipedians too! -- EinsteinMC2

title: User talk:Kentuckay


text: Category:Italian orchestras

title: Category:Italian orchestras


text:
Diane Flacks

Diane Flacks is a Canadian comedic actress, screenwriter and playwright.

Early life and education
Flacks was raised in the Jewish faith. Her early education took place in Jewish parochial schools. Flacks studied drama at Leah Posluns Institute in Toronto. At twenty seven years old, she came out as a lesbian.

Career
Flacks began her acting career as a child, in a touring production of Cinderella where she played both the wicked stepmother and fairy godmother. As an adult, she has worked in Canadian and U.S. television, radio, news, and film before becoming an independent performance artist, playwright, and writer.

Theater
It appears that Flacks started her official career in media with theatre. Flacks' early works include three one-woman stage shows that she wrote and performed herself: Myth Me (1991), By a Thread (1997), and Random Acts (1997). She co-created the Chalmers Canadian Play Award-nominated Theory of Relatives with Daniel Brooks, Leah Cherniak, Richard Greenblatt, Leslie Lester, and Allan Merovit. She wrote Gravity Calling (1995) directed by Richard Greenblatt, co-wrote Sibs (2000) with Richard Greenblatt, and wrote Waiting Room (2015) directed by Richard Greenblatt. In 2000, Flacks performed in Smudge, a play in one act written by Alex Bulmer and directed by Alisa Palmer.

In 2009, Flacks wrote and performed in the play based on her book Bear With Me, directed by Kelly Thornton.

In 2012, Flacks wrote the award-winning play Luba, Simply Luba for Ukrainian Canadian comedian Luba Goy. In 2017, she wrote and performed in Unholy (2017).

Flacks has regularly performed at the Tarragon Theatre and the collective feminist Nightwood Theatre in Toronto. She served twice on the Nightwood Theatre board of directors.

Film
Flacks' best known performance is in the leading role of the lesbian film Portrait of a Serial Monogamist (2015). Prior to this, Flacks had performed as the main character's guardian angel in the sex comedy Too Much Sex (2000).

Television
In the 1990s Flacks wrote for The Kids in the Hall and was twice nominated for an Emmy for her work. Flacks began acting on television in 2001 in the comedy series The Broad Side. She has co-written and starred in numerous television series since then, including P.R., Behind the Scenes and Listen Missy. In 2016, Flacks wrote six episodes for the Baroness Von Sketch Show. She has also acted in episodes of Walter Ego and Moose TV.

Writing
In 2005, MacMillan Stewart published Flacks' first book Bear With Me, about Flacks' personal experience with pregnancy and new motherhood. In 2007, Flacks became a featured columnist with the Toronto Star.

Radio
Flacks is a regular contributor for the CBC Radio show Definitely Not the Opera. For almost eight years she has also worked as a CBC Radio National Parenting columnist.

Recurring themes
In her own works, Flacks explores themes of Jewish identity, the relationship between women and religion, lesbian relationships, pregnancy, serious medical issues, and motherhood.

Awards and honours

 * 1994-1995 Emmy nomination for Outstanding Individual Achievement in Writing in a Variety or Music Program for the television show The Kids in the Hall
 * 2014 Kobzar Literary Award in collaboration with Andrey Tarasiuk and Luba Goy for the play Luba, Simply Luba

Personal life
Flacks was married to Janis Purdy and is now divorced. They have two children. Her older son received a Jewish education.

title: Diane Flacks


text: Category:Progressive metal albums

title: Category:Progressive metal albums


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User:Madcynic

I'll try to bring some order to this chaos...

Pages created

Useful links
W. Germany v Germany 1974, Irish Times

Season article guide

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Robur

1934 European Aquatics Championships (expand)

Gustav-Adolf Schur

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1952–53 FDGB-Pokal 1953–54 FDGB-Pokal

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Saxony-Anhalt Cup  List of 1. FC Magdeburg players

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User:Madcynic/Sandbox/1954–55 FDGB-Pokal

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Append: Brandenburger SC Süd - User:Madcynic/Sandbox/Brandenburger SC Süd

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title: User:Madcynic


text:
Richard Greenblatt

Richard Greenblatt may refer to:

 * Richard Greenblatt (programmer) (born 1944), American computer programmer
 * Richard Greenblatt (playwright) (born 1953), Canadian actor and playwright

title: Richard Greenblatt


text: Category:Swiss cardinals

title: Category:Swiss cardinals


text:
Camila Sodi

Camila Ía González Sodi (born 14 May 1986) is a Mexican singer, actress and model. She is the niece of the singer and actress Thalía and a member of the Sodi family.

Family life
Camila Ía González Sodi was born in Mexico City, Mexico, to Ernestina Sodi Miranda and Fernando González Parra. Through her father, she has two younger half-sisters, actresses Naian Gonzalez Norvind and Tessa Ía.

Career
Sodi began her career as a model and was the host of a music video show on the Mexican cable network TeleHit. She starred in the telenovela Inocente de Ti (2004–2005).

In March 2007, Sodi featured in the film Niñas Mal, directed by Fernando Sariñana, where she shares credits with Martha Higareda, Ximena Sariñana and Blanca Guerra, among other actresses. In August of the same year, Sodi made her feature film debut in the film The Night Buffalo.

In 2015, after 11 years away from soap operas, Sodi confirmed her participation as the protagonist in the production of Carlos Moreno Laguillo entitled A que no me dejas, a version of the successful 1988 telenovela Amor en silencio, produced by Carla Estrada and written by Liliana Abud and Eric Vonn.

In 2020, Sodi starred in the new version of the soap opera Rubí, which featured a 26-episode format under the production of Carlos Bardasano.

Personal life
Sodi was married to actor Diego Luna from 2008 to 2013. They have two children: Jerónimo (born 9 August 2008) and Fiona (born 1 July 2010), named after Luna's mother.

Album

 * Ella & El Muerto (2013)

title: Camila Sodi


text:
John Black

John Black may refer to:

Sportspeople

 * J. T. "Blondy" Black (1920–2000), American football halfback
 * John Black (baseball) (1890–1962), Major League Baseball first baseman
 * John Black (footballer, born 1900) (1900–1993), Scottish footballer
 * John Black (footballer, born 1914) (1914–1992), Scottish footballer
 * John Black (footballer, born 1957), Scottish footballer
 * John Black (rugby union) (born 1951), New Zealand rugby union player
 * John Black (sport shooter) (1882–1924), Canadian Olympic sport shooter
 * John Black (golfer) (1879–1963), Scottish golfer

Politicians

 * John Black (U.S. senator) (1800–1854), Mississippi judge and politician
 * John Black (Lower Canada politician) (c. 1764–after 1819), shipbuilder and politician in Lower Canada
 * John Black (New Brunswick politician) (1856–1936), lawyer and politician in New Brunswick, Canada
 * John Black (merchant) (c. 1765–1823), merchant and politician in New Brunswick
 * John Black (Georgia politician) (1933–2017), member of the Georgia State Senate
 * John Black (Missouri politician) (born 1952), member of the Missouri House of Representatives
 * John Black (Wisconsin politician) (1830–1899), Milwaukee mayor, 1878–1880
 * John C. Black (1839–1915), U.S. Congressman and soldier
 * John Black (Australian politician) (born 1952), Australian Senator
 * John Wycliffe Black (1862–1951), Liberal MP for Harborough, Leicestershire, 1923–1924
 * John H. Black in 158th New York State Legislature

Characters

 * John Black (Days of Our Lives), a fictional character on the NBC soap opera Days of our Lives
 * "Ugly John" Black, M*A*S*H
 * John Black, character of Age of Empires III Act II
 * John Black, character in Babes in Arms

Other

 * John Black (martyr) (died 1566), Scottish Roman Catholic martyred on the same night David Rizzio was murdered
 * John Black (privateer) (1778–1802), English captain, privateer and survivor of the mutiny on the Lady Shore
 * John Black (journalist) (1783–1855), British editor of the Morning Chronicle, 1817–1843
 * John Black (Canadian judge) (1817–1879), Scottish-born, judge in Canada and politician in Australia
 * John McConnell Black (1855–1951), Australian botanist
 * Sir John Black (businessman) (1895–1965), British motor industry executive
 * John D. F. Black (1932–2018), American television writer from the 1950s to the 1980s
 * John Black (cryptographer), American computer science professor
 * John Black (director) (born 1940), retired British TV director
 * John Black (clergyman) (1818–1882), Presbyterian clergyman who emigrated from Scotland to the Red River Colony
 * John Black (composer) (c. 1520–1587), Scottish singer and composer
 * John Nicholson Black (1922–2018), principal of Bedford College, University of London, 1971–1981
 * J. B. Black (1883–1964), Scottish historian
 * J. R. Black (1826–1880), Scottish publisher, journalist, writer, photographer, and singer
 * John Melton Black (1830–1919), pioneer of Townsville, Queensland, Australia
 * John Sutherland Black (1846–1923), Scottish biblical scholar
 * John Logan Black (1830–1902), Confederate Army officer
 * John D. Black (1883–1960), American economist
 * John Janvier Black (1837–1909), American surgeon and writer

title: John Black


text:
Serotine bat

The serotine bat (Eptesicus serotinus), also known as the common serotine bat, big brown bat, or silky bat, is a fairly large Eurasian bat with quite large ears. It has a wingspan of around 37 cm and often hunts in woodland. It sometimes roosts in buildings, hanging upside down, in small groups or individually. The name serotine is derived from the Latin serotinus, which means 'evening', while the generic name derives from Greek ἔπιεν and οίκος, which means 'house flyer'.

Taxonomy
The following subspecies have been recognised. The Oriental serotine (E. pachyomus) and its constituent subspecies were formerly considered a subspecies of E. serotinus, comprising its eastern populations, and is still considered its closest relative, but phylogenetic evidence indicates a deep genetic divergence between E. serotinus and E. pachyomus, so they have been split as distinct species. The same occurred with the meridional serotine (E. isabellinus), which was formerly thought to comprise the southernmost populations of E. serotinus.
 * Eptesicus serotinus boscai: southern Iberia and Morocco
 * Eptesicus serotinus pashtonus: Pakistan and Afghanistan
 * Eptesicus serotinus serotinus: northern and eastern Europe and western Asia
 * Eptesicus serotinus turcomanus: central Asia and Xinjiang

Description
The serotine bat has long fur which on the back is smoky-brown in colour, while the underparts are a paler yellowish-brown, the nose and triangular shaped ears are black, and the membranes of the wings are dark black or brown. The juveniles are darker than the adults. Serotine bats are easy to identify in flight, because its broad wings combined with its slow, highly manoeuvrable, flapping flight interspersed with brief glides is distinctive. The tragus has a relatively thin and pointed shape and is not kidney shaped as in Nyctalus.

Distribution
The serotine bat has a Palaearctic distribution lying between about 58 degrees and 30 degrees from southern Great Britain and Spain in the west, east to along the Himalayas to northeastern India and along the Tian Shan to southern Mongolia and northern China, and south to Turkey and Iran. It has been recorded as a vagrant on Lanzarote in the Canary Islands.

Habitat
The serotine bat utilises in a wide variety of habitats including temperate and subtropical dry forest, maquis, agricultural land, semi-desert and suburban areas.

Biology
In Europe serotine bats start to establish maternity colonies consisting almost exclusively of females from late May. Colonies usually remain at a single roost site during the breeding season, although occasionally the larger colonies will change roost sites. The female bats usually give birth to a single pup in early July, though births have been recorded as late as mid-August.

The female bats normally give birth to a single young in late summer, and the baby is occasionally carried by its mother for the first few days. The young bats usually make their first flights at around three weeks old, and at six weeks they can forage for themselves. Breeding colonies usually disperse by early September, although a few bats may use the colony site as a roost until early October. The male bats probably remain solitary or in small groups but are occasionally found with females in spring or autumn. Mating seems to take place in the autumn, but very little is known about the mating behaviour. Both sexes reach sexual maturity at one year old.

Serotine bats mainly use buildings for summer roosts, especially those older buildings with high gables and cavity walls, and often occur in churches; modern buildings are used infrequently. The roost is normally accessed at or near the gable apex or the lower eaves. The serotine bat is hardly ever found in trees, which were the most likely pre-human roost sites, and the species seems to be very oriented towards using buildings. The roost is sometimes shared with pipistrelles or brown long-eared bats, and this species has also been recorded associating with Natterer's bats, whiskered bats and noctule bats. Only a few serotine bats have been found in winter, but it seems likely that most hibernate in buildings in cavity walls and disused chimneys. There are a few records of them being found in the coldest parts of caves, either in roof crevices or in accumulations of boulders.

The foraging activity of serotine bats peaks at dusk, and there is a second period of activity around dawn. They commute on average 6.5 km to and from feeding areas per night, and forage in up to five distinct areas per night. This species uses three main feeding strategies: short flights, ground feeding and aerial hawking. It normally forages quite low, 0 - 5 m above the ground.

Diet
Similarly to the Nyctalus or Plecotus species, the serotine is mainly an aerial hawker focusing on hunting flying insects.

Reproduction
In 2023 it was reported that Serotine bat is the first known instance of non-penetrative reproductive sex in mammals, a reason seems to be that the male has a rather large penis which spans about a 22% of his entire body length making penetration difficult so the penis is just held firmly against the vulva. Their form of copulation is unique among mammals, but is more analogous to the cloacal kissing found among birds.

Echolocation
The frequencies used by this bat species for echolocation lie between 25–55 kHz, have most energy at 31 kHz and have an average duration of 8.8 ms.

Conservation
The serotine bat has declined in many areas in its European range. Loss of feeding habitat is thought to have played a part in the decline. In addition, as this bat almost exclusively roosts in buildings, it is highly vulnerable to disturbance from construction work and toxic timber treatments. In the United Kingdom serotine bats benefit from a very comprehensive level of legal protection, as is the case across much of Europe.

title: Serotine bat


text:
Jaromír Štětina

Jaromír Štětina (born 6 April 1943) is a Czech journalist, writer and politician who served as a Member of the European Parliament from 2014 to 2019 for the Czech Republic, representing TOP 09. He is also known as a war correspondent from the conflict areas of the former Soviet Union countries.

Biography
Štětina was born in Prague in 1943. From 1961-1967, he studied at the Prague University of Economics and Business.

From 1965 until 1968, Štětina was a member of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia. In 1968, he started working as a journalist for the newspaper Mladá Fronta, and his time there coincided with the Soviet occupation of Czechoslovakia, during which the Soviet army seized control of the newspaper's offices. Štětina was subsequently fired due to his disagreement with the Warsaw Pact occupation.

He subsequently worked as a geodesist, and while working, studied geology long-distance at Charles University in Prague, during which he organised 25 geologic or sport tours to Siberia and Asia. During the same years, Štětina wrote his most famous book, S matyldou po Indu, on the topic of rafting.

In 1987, he started engaging in public speaking. In 1989, he co-founded a syndicate of journalists, ultimately resuming his work as a journalist, at the re-established Lidové noviny. In 1990 he began working as a foreign correspondent in Moscow, where he covered numerous conflicts in the former Soviet Union. In 1992, he founded the Lidových novin foundation. During 1993-94 he was editor-in-chief of Lidové noviny. In 1994, he founded the journalism agency Epicentrum, dedicated to war reporting, with fellow journalist Petra Procházková.

Štětina has specialised in military conflicts, covering over 20 different conflict zones in Europe, Asia and Africa. He has published 10 books, as well as dozens of documentaries, and many articles.

Political career
In the 2004 elections to the Czech Senate, Štětina ran as an independent candidate under the umbrella of the Green Party. He won the election, becoming the senator for the Prague 10 district.

From 2014 to 2019, Štětina served as a Member of the European Parliament representing TOP 09. On 11 February 2019, he founded his own political party, Europe Together (Evropa společně), to contest the 2019 European Parliament elections. He said that the party would join the European People's Party if elected. Europe Together eventually finished 15th, with 0.59% of the vote, and did not win any seats.

Štětina is a founding signatory of the Prague Declaration on European Conscience and Communism.

Awards
Honours and awards received by Štětina include:
 * State Order of merit awarded by the Czech Republic
 * Ferdinand Peroutka Prize
 * Rudolf Medek Prize
 * Prize awarded by Johns Hopkins University, USA
 * Prize of František Kriegel

title: Jaromír Štětina