text:
Talk:Meuse–Argonne offensive

Further information
I've found that this article has very little operational information when compared to other sources, and many sentences come off as very malicious such as the line "The strategic goal was sound; cutting the Germans from their main supply line. However, this was a failure." While this is well and good, it is making a wide generalization when compared to other facets of the offensive. I am not claiming that the page is wrong, but that very little explanations are given. If it is alright, I would like to plan to add some of the following topics when I have time:
 * Pre-battle plans and Pershing's decision to split his forces up to allow for successive attacks on St. Mihiel first, followed by the Meuse-Argonne, which would help explain operational difficulties.
 * Increased information on weather, terrain, and traffic conditions that led to poor logistical support for American and French forces.
 * More detailed information on the German defenses.
 * Force failures of some inexperienced divisions, such as the 35th Divisions complete dissolving.
 * Stopgap measures of more experienced divisions (ie the 42nd) used to fill in for failing rookie divisions.
 * Operational information on the different First Army corps' attacks on separate sectors of the push.
 * Breaking of the Hindenburg line in the Kreimhilde Stellung
 * Strategic failures following the American breakout across the Meuse. Careful steps should be made here and need others help to not overblow or underplay this specific point. It should be noted that in many sectors here, Americans had much of the German forces in retreat, but overzealousness on the point of some American generals and divisions led to reckless casualty-inducing advances (most notably in Sedan) that led to mass confusion, and in many cases, large amounts of friendly fire.

I also believe that when discussing victory a number of factors must be noted besides simply the numbers of casualties involved. While the Americans certainly weren't the first to break the Hindenburg line, nor the most effective at it, the confusion sustained from the offensive all but scattered many German army elements and diffused holes into the line for other forces to capture. Likewise, while original plans were achieved far too late (and could be considered a failure on that scale), it must be noted that by 3rd November that Americans had much of the German opposition in retreat, and following the breakout had advanced a great deal in proportion to the original progress-- mostly because of the horrible state the German Army was in. It seems a very difficult thing to sum up in terms of "American Victory" or "Marginal American Victory," since on one hand it was a victory in terms of a blow that had the Germans retreating rapidly and unable to regroup effectively starting by 3rd November in the targeted sectors, but on the other hand was an operational and strategic failure in terms of the battle plans and any semblance of a timeframe or troop cohesion.

Any comments would be appreciated, --68.113.199.134 06:36, 22 February 2007 (UTC)Fingus

Marginal victory
In terms of Marginal American Victory, would this be pertaining only to troop casualty numbers, since this was the campaign that essentially broke the hindenburg line and allowed for the allies on many sectors to start breaking through (and thereby casuing a major German retreat)?

 * "since this was the campaign that essentially broke the hindenburg line and allowed for the allies on many sectors to start breaking through"

That is simply NOT true at all, please learn some basic history of the war; the Hindenburg line was not in this secotr of the front line at all. And it was broken by a contemporary attack by British empire forces (the second battle of Cambrai). — Preceding unsigned comment added by Daniel Eyre (talk • contribs) 07:56, 12 October 2020 (UTC)

 * Maybe the word marginal could be removed. It would not have been a decisive victory though, since WWI was in its essence a war of attrition and did not end because this or that position was taken but because the allied resources were larger than Germany's. In that respect, every battle ended either in a stale-mate or in a marginal victory. The latter as you remark usually only referring to troop casualty numbers. I would keep the word marginal. Piet 14:32, 11 November 2005 (UTC)

Actually it was just one of the many attacks that were driving the Germans back. The Hindenburg Line was truly smashed when the British captured the St Quentin Canal in October. Darkmind1970 10:47, 7 July 2006 (UTC)

Maybe it should be listed as a Phyrric American victory due to the high casualty rates BritBoy 19:07, 7 August 2007 (UTC)

It was changed to "Allied Pyrrhic Victory" in the infobox, but that doesn't seem right to me. A Phyrric victory isn't just a victory with high losses, but one where the loss is devastating to the victor to the point where despite having fewer casualties and/or gaining the objective (otherwise it wouldn't be described as a victory at all) it puts the battle's winner at a later disadvantage. If meerly having high losses made for a phyrric victory than every non-overwhelming victory in large bloody battle would be Pyrrhic. twfowler (talk) 23:28, 15 April 2009 (UTC)

 * I completely agree. People overuse the term "pyrrhic victory" without seeming to be entirely sure what it means.  A pyrrhic victory is one where the victor suffers casualties that prove devestating in the long run.  Considering the Allies won the war, and that the American Army was in no danger of running out of men (unlike the German Army) this was not a pyrrhic victory.  Unless someone objects, I will be changing it shortly.  Jrt989 (talk) 03:38, 5 May 2009 (UTC)

 * I agree that this was not a pyrrhic victory, but what do you propose to call it? One thing we can conclude is that the outcome on the Meuse-Argonne front, while militarily a victory, did little by itself to influence the war's outcome. The French, British and other allies had already won the stalemate, with Germany collapsing economically, and the Allies had already broken the Hindenburg line in multiple places (though it is odd that the article only mentions the one such place where American forces were also involved). So, to put this in the context of the Grand Offensive and WW I in general, I would call this a minor victory. Truth or consequences-2 (talk) 09:19, 5 May 2009 (UTC)

 * How about simply an "Allied Victory"? I don't see the need to call it a major victory, or a minor victory, or a strategic victory, or anything like that. Groundsquirrel13 (talk) 16:12, 5 May 2009 (UTC)

German Fifth Army
I have removed this link because it points to a WWII entry. Piet 14:32, 11 November 2005 (UTC)

Most Lethal American Battle?
I believe this is the most lethal battle in American history. If it is not, please remove it from the article page. Captain Jackson 05:21, 15 January 2006 (UTC)

Marginal American Victory?
In terms of casualties received by both sides, American forces were unquestionably victorious, especiacially in light of the fact that they were surrounded, outnumber, and the French were not there to support them when they should have been. Moreover, as this was the battle that broke through the German lines and essentially ended the war, the word "marginal" is completely unappropriate. 141.161.177.65 16:57, 25 February 2006 (UTC)Gabriel
 * With respect Gabriel, I think you have it wrong. Surrounded and outnumbered? The "lost battalion" was only a small part of the whole operation, and was the only example that backs your statement. "as this was the battle that broke through the German lines and essentially ended the war" - M-A formed one part of a large concentric action starting on 26 Sept. The Hindenburg line was broken in this area on 14th October (as noted in the article). It had already been broken elsewhere by British, Canadian, Australian and American forces - at Drocourt-Queant, and Battle of the Hindenburg Line. FrankDynan 01:58, 24 August 2006 (UTC)

With respect Gabriel, the Meuse Argonne did not contribute much to Allied victory and in terms of casualties received by both sides it would have been a tie. Frank, The Americans pierced the second line of the Hindenburg position on October 16, a goal that Pershing had set for the 26th of September. It wasn’t until October 31 that the third German defensive position of the Hindenburg Line was broken all along the front at the Meuse Argonne battle. By October 4th the British Armies had their part of the Hindenburg Line behind them. Brocky44 06:18, 17 November 2006 (UTC)

 * I've added an article titled Grand Offensive to link to this article plus Battle of the Hindenburg Line. I'll add content to that article describing the other related actions, or create separate articles as needed. Decided this based on the article on Ferdinand Foch, where it referred to the "Grand Offensive", but linked to this article, which is quite misleading. FrankDynan 00:59, 25 August 2006 (UTC)

 * The knowledge you all reveal here is ATROCIOUS. This battle did NOT involve the Hindenburg line. This battle occurred in the Meuse-Argonne sector and the Hindenburg line was over 100km to the west of this part of the Western front.

This offensive failed to take its objectives and should be regarded as an Entente defeat. Although strategically; its forced dedication of German reserves and inflicted casualties contributed to the eventual defeat of Germany. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Daniel Eyre (talk • contribs) 08:02, 12 October 2020 (UTC)

Forces involved in this Offensive
I've just read the general Wikipedia article on the final Allied offensive (of which the Meuse-Argonne Offensive is a link) and the information regarding Allied forces involved is conflicting in each article. In the general article, this offensive is portrayed (I think more correctly) as a joint Allied offensive of which the American troops were a part of: "Then on 26 September 1918 soldiers of the Australian Imperial Force, British Expeditionary Force, Canadian Corps, French Army and American Expeditionary Force began a combined offensive along much of the Western Front. The Hindenburg line was broken by Australian, British, Canadian and American troops within hours of the attack starting. This show of force forced the German High Command to accept that the war had to be ended. American numbers together with British and French combat effectiveness was destroying the German Army as an effective fighting force. However casualties remained heavy in all of the Allied fighting forces, as well as in the retreating German Army."

However, this article appears to be geared solelkfjdofaikdjlfkly around the American involvement and suggests that the American troops were the sole / at least dominant force in this attack. I think that this is a misrepresentation of events, and should be altered.

 * I've been watching these pages - this and the Grand Offensive and "daughter" articles - for a while hoping someone other than me would clean them up (despite the fact that I undertook to do so). I have found it very difficult to formulate a consistent approach across these articles with a view to:

1. getting the individual article detail correct 2. getting the interrelationships correct - ie so the text of one article does not conflict with a related article. 3. avoiding "post hoc ergo propter hoc" logical fallacy about who "won the war". 4. and all the while respecting the various nations "claims" in the interests of avoiding flame wars.

The emphasis on US forces in this article is correct, however. Perhaps all of the articles need to be clearer on emphasising both the separateness of the actions (operationally) and their interrelationship at a strategic level.FrankDynan 05:02, 16 February 2007 (UTC)

Opposing forces
U.S. Forces consisted of ten divisions of the U.S. First Army commanded by General John J. Pershing until October 16 and then by Lt. General Hunter Liggett. German forces consisted of approximately forty German divisions.

This info is all wrong it should say- 25 American and 4 French divisions attacked with 189 tanks along a front of 22 miles defended by 5 German divisions, 4 of which were described as low grade.Brocky44

I know there were four Austro-Hugarian divisions in the area. I would like to know more about the battles they fought. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Cvasii23 (talk • contribs) 21:39, 31 August 2011 (UTC)

casualty figures
the article contradicts itself here, german casualties is 120,250 in the summary and 126,000 in the casualty section.

Casualty Figures
I was surprised to see that the casualty figures given in this article for the American Expeditionary Force at this engagement are higher than the 117,000 normally cited. I was equally surprised to see exact numbers given for the killed and wounded (but not the missing or captured) for the German Army at the Meuse-Argonne. All we usually get for the German losses is the claim of 100,000 made by the AEF themselves without any information from the other side. I would be very interested to see the sources for the figures given in this article.

In illustration of how vague appears to be our knowledge of the German loss at the Meuse-Argonne, I quote Paul F. Braim from his book, "The Test of Battle: The American Expeditionary Forces in the Meuse-Argonne Campaign" (Associated University Presses; Cranbury, New Jersey; 1987):

The First Army reported the capture of 26,000 prisoners of war in this campaign, though other statisticians cite only 16,000.

The number of prisoners taken should be a simple matter of record: yet the fog of war seems to have clouded it in this instance. Granted that the Battle of the Meuse-Argonne was the U.S.A.'s main battlefield contribution to an event as momentous as World War I, our knowledge of it is surprisingly poor. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Flonto (talk • contribs) 21:56, 26 April 2007 (UTC). Flonto 21:57, 26 April 2007 (UTC)

Objectives
The article says, "The objective of the offensive was the railway hub at Sedan, which provided supply support for the German armies in the southeastern sector of the Western fonties." What are "fonties"? If it's a typo, I can't even hazard a guess from the context what it should be--fronts? Frontiers? MylesCallum (talk) 01:56, 10 March 2008 (UTC)

US Bias
The Meuse-Argonne offensive involved the US 1st Army (composed of 12 US divisions under John Perishing) and the 4th French Army (31 French divisions commanded by Henri Gouraud) - however the article only talks about the US particpation. The article needs to be edited to include the role, actions, casualties (etc.) of the French 4th Army. MWadwell (talk) 05:50, 14 August 2008 (UTC)
 * I added information about the French and German forces and generally attempted to rebalance the whole article. I discussed the respective American and French contributions to the victory. I tried to improve the flow, though there is probably still room for improvement. More material on the German side of the battle would be welcome. Truth or consequences-2 (talk) 00:24, 27 March 2009 (UTC)

French bias instead?
Where did the information about the French vastly outnumbering American troops come from? According to Pershing's report after the battle, the Americans began the offensive with 15 divisions, to which the French added 6. To these figures, it must be remembered that the American divisions were approximately twice the size of the French divisions at the time (26,000 men). Pershing also cites a figure of more than 1,000,000 Americans in area by the fight's end.

Also, it's worth noting that Erich Ludendorff himself, in reflecting on the battle after the war, gave the credit for the success to the American effort, noting that the French were battle-weary and not particularly effective. Jrt989 (talk) 17:00, 5 May 2009 (UTC)

Further note — The United States in the First World War: An Encyclopedia, edited by Venzon and Miles, says the following on page 385: "A total of 1.2 million Americans were engaged in the campaign, of which 850,000 were combat troops. Twenty-two American divisions were engaged in the battle..." Again, it should be remembered that American divisions were twice the size of French and British divisions. Jrt989 (talk) 20:21, 5 May 2009 (UTC)

 * In line with this information, I have updated the page to better reflect the true size of the American contribution, while at the same time continuing to note the important involvement of the French 4th Army. If anyone objects, please feel free to comment here.  Jrt989 (talk) 01:50, 7 May 2009 (UTC)

While parts of the Venzon and Miles volume are useful historical material, the Braim contribution therein is a confused mishmash of numbers pertaining to the Meuse-Argonne front, the Argonne forest, and the overall Grand Offensive. Note also how Braim conflates fighting troops with support troops, in the U.S. case only. This is just not reliable material.Truth or consequences-2 (talk) 18:18, 15 May 2009 (UTC)

 * Without going into the merits of the book (for the moment), why did you revert my edit concerning comparative troop strength? There are many sources that note that American divisions were twice the size of French or British divisions.  What source do you have that so specifically lists the size of a French division as being 24/31 the size of an American? Jrt989 (talk) 18:37, 15 May 2009 (UTC)

 * Also, you seem to have deleted my edit concerning French divisions being half the size of American divisions by claiming that (if I understand your edit summary correctly) no reference was made on the page cited. See here, top of page. Jrt989 (talk) 18:44, 15 May 2009 (UTC)
 * The latter edit I did partly because the source was incomplete. Feel free to include a full reference, including author of the specific chapter. The ratio I used is from Wilson, but that, like the "2/1" is an average that does not speak to the exact situation here. We also know that the French and British divisions were partly replenished prior to the Grand Offensive, and there was a difference in support vs. battle ratios, so the 2/1 ratio too is inaccurate for the specific timeframe of the topic of this article. From the sources I know, I think a safe approach is to state clearly that the U.S. divisions were oversized, and mention the actual number of French divisions without venturing into a precise comparison. I edited accordingly, also with a view to reducing the redundancy that afflicted this topic. Truth or consequences-2 (talk) 19:33, 15 May 2009 (UTC)

 * And finally, a quick check of Google News and ProQuest historical newspapers support Braim's "unreliable" assertion that 22 American divisions participated in the fight. See here, for instance. Others support the claim of 1.2 million Americans participating. Jrt989 (talk) 19:11, 15 May 2009 (UTC)
 * Again, mind the confusion in troop definitions.Truth or consequences-2 (talk) 19:33, 15 May 2009 (UTC)

 * I agree with you that it is best to simply mention that the American divisions were oversized and up to twice as large on occasion, without needing to go into partiulars. Your last edit seems good to me.  However, I do want to include the information about there being 22 American divisions involved total.  Any objections?  Jrt989 (talk) 19:44, 15 May 2009 (UTC)
 * Hi Jrt989, I have no objection. The only concern is to find a place to put this information, so that it does not get confused with the initial troop strength. Alas I don't know of a reliable source for the French totals, and like the German total that's a more complicated number anyway as some units were split and the front itself split. I added a sentence with the amount of heavy arms involved. For your purpose, you could add a sentence after "tanks and 840 planes.", such as "Both the U.S. and French Armies brought in reinforcements, and eventually 22 U.S. divisions took part in the offensive at one time or another." This would be balanced in the next paragraph by the approximate German number. I note, though, that sources disagree on the number of people this represents, probably again because Americans counted supporting and reserve troops in their total, while the German and French counted only frontline troops.Truth or consequences-2 (talk) 18:19, 17 May 2009 (UTC)
 * Have added. Jrt989 (talk) 04:54, 19 May 2009 (UTC)

problems with casualty figures
The current casualty figures cited are highly inaccurate and need to be revised if they are to properly reflect the participation of the French. The current numbers (125,000 Allied, 100,000 German) in fact only represent American losses and American estimates of German casualies inflicted by American forces. French casualties (and total German casualties) are not, therefore, listed, but the way the infobox is worded it appears that they are. Unfortunately, I don't think this is going to be an easy problem to fix. American casualties are well accounted for, and officially stand at 26,277 killed and 95,786 wounded, for a total of 122,063 (see Ferrell, Robert H. America's Bloodiest Battle: Meuse-Argonne, 1918). I'm not sure where we can find the French and German numbers, but the casualty figures cannot remain as they are. Jrt989 (talk) 01:56, 6 June 2009 (UTC)

157 Infantry Division image caption
The image caption for the flag of the 157th Infantry Division is preposterously long. That amount of information should be on a page about the division, not in an image caption.Winterbadger (talk) 16:45, 25 July 2010 (UTC)

Title formatting
Why does the word "Offensive" have a capital "O"? There are many places in the text where the phrase has a lower case "o". Also, shouldn't the dash be an ndash: – ? Axl ¤  [Talk]  09:25, 11 June 2012 (UTC) :I agree and am changing it. BeenAroundAWhile (talk) 06:56, 11 August 2018 (UTC)

Francesco Liberatore
I'm curious why the death of one soldier is mentioned with no reference to any impact on the battle as well as no citations. ([])

It might be in reference to this soldier: http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~wiozauke/military/RollofHonor.L-M.html LIBERATORE, FRANCESCHO, born in Raiano, Italy, February 29, 1896; son of Pasquale and Nainzeata (Susi) Liberatore; lives Belgium, Ozaukee County, Wis.; entered service at Port Washington, Wis., May 25, 1918; member Company D, 341st Infantry, 86th (Black Hawk) Division, transferred to Company B, 354th Infantry, 89th Division; rank, private; trained at Camp Grant, Ill., and Camp Upton, N. Y.; foreign station, France; battles, Argonne Forest. Killed in action in Argonne Forest, November 1, 1918. Buried at the Commune of Landres at St. Georges, Ardennes, France.

I'm removing it from the Legacy section. Habap (talk) 19:03, 6 April 2016 (UTC)

Siam?
Not to downplay the mighty nation of Siam and their contribution to the war but... Why is Siam listed like a major ally in this battle?

The source linked is a piece from the journal of the Siam society dealing exclusively with Siamese participation in the war which isn't a great start and even then it doesn't mention how many troops Siam sent or where they fought, in fact it specifically mentions that they were mostly supply units and drivers. Even if we accept the source the as factual (which it seems to be) it really doesn't say that Siam was in any way a major contributor, just that they sent some volunteers to France and some of them fought.

Even making charitable assumptions the amount of men sent can't have been much more than thirty thousand in total (the source lists aprox 8k casualties and attrition in the war was pretty high) with a good proportion of them not being combat troops. Contrasting that to over a million US troops in action and I think you can see the problem here.

Siamese troops just weren't a big part of the offensive. Listing them like a major ally in the battle when they contributed an infantry brigade at most just seems misleading. Especially as there's no information about Siam actually even fighting at all in this battle (no casualty figures, no places of action) there's not even certainty that a single Siamese soldier fought here. They were integrated into the French army not the American one.

It just seems disingenuous to put them along side the major Allies here. If we want a historical note then fine, but they have no place in the infobox IMHO.

82.132.243.113 (talk) 06:28, 31 August 2016 (UTC)

 * I too agree with this and would think that it is best to remove it. Ifly6 (talk) 04:36, 4 September 2016 (UTC)

 * I reinstalled Siam since I was not notified of this so called consensus. The article should list every single nation taking part in the offensive however small their participation. As for the criticism of the source it is a well known scientific journal. Purposefully ignoring Siam's and China's participation in the war is perpetuating a biased interpretation of world history as found on Wikipedia.--Catlemur (talk) 08:38, 6 October 2016 (UTC)

 * Listing every single nation taking part, to me, seems like giving undue weight towards Siam's participation in the war. When the AEF has 1.2 million men and the French have similar numbers on the front, inclusion of the Siamese Expeditionary Force's 1200 men (from the source provided) as if they were one of the major allies treats Siam as if it were a major contributor. On a proportion basis, Siam's contribution was less than a tenth of one per cent. It shouldn't be included. Ifly6 (talk) 03:52, 9 October 2016 (UTC)

 * Siam took part in the battle, therefore it should be listed as a participant in the infobox, I would not consider an inclusion in the infobox to be something extraordinary. Neither does it belittle the contribution of the AEF, the weight given to Siam is balanced as the infobox clearly mentions the number of participants. Most people only read the infobox and the introductory passage, excluding Siam from the infobox would lower the quality of the article overall and paint a picture of a battle without Siamese participants.--Catlemur (talk) 10:40, 9 October 2016 (UTC)
 * Here is a relevant guideline: WP:MILMOS, which stresses precision in infoboxes.--Catlemur (talk) 14:07, 9 October 2016 (UTC)
 * , if consensus is important, the count is now three, for removal (the original non-logged editor, Ifly6, and myself). As I have expressed to Catlemur, the source is a primary source of second tier, and fails, as a primary (vs secondary or tertiary source type) to provide the scholarly context to (i) substantiate the content of the single priamry source, or to (ii) establish the scholarly context for the single fact of Siam's 1200 troop presence. (The lists of good secondary and tertairy sources should be summarised in the infobox; additional entries should not be mined from primary sources, in defiance of WP sourcing policies/guidelines.) A regular editor should feel free to hold this and all aspects of the article to the high referencing standards WP states for its content. 67.184.62.39 (talk) 23:58, 23 September 2018 (UTC)

Key image
The imaginative painting of an attack by a U.S. detachment does not really reflect the offensive which is the topic of this article, so I removed it until we can agree on a better one. Sincerely, BeenAroundAWhile (talk) 06:55, 11 August 2018 (UTC)

Overview Section: Shame on You
Five paragraphs, four with no citations. Fifteen sentences, and 2-3-times that number of distinct, purported fact-filled phrases for a word count of >560, and only two citations to cover all of it. All despite all WP policies to the contrary, arguing that WP's veracity lies on its tying its content to reliable sources. And a single paragraph tag calling for more citations, that is almost two years old (dated September 2016), with insubstantial improvement and no hard decision taken. This is a disservice to young readers, and an embarrassment to those claiming encyclopedic content. Shame on the system that allows this. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2601:246:ca80:3cb5:ada0:92b0:eb63:c91e (talk • contribs)
 * WP:SOFIXIT. Dicklyon (talk) 04:02, 11 September 2019 (UTC)

French deaths unknown?
The opening section claims the number of french deaths in the campaign is unknown. Given the significance of campaigns such as this one and the amount of research on the period I find this hard to actually believe. At the very least some researcher somewhere must have compiled an estimate. Also on a wider point I have to agree with previous comments that this page has general issues with unsourced material and american-slanted narrative. It feels to me that the entire thing needs a rewrite.2A02:C7D:86B:4A00:1A5:1B45:2A6A:89E8 (talk) 17:22, 16 November 2019 (UTC)

This battle was NOT an Allied/American victory!
The comments on here reveal appalling ignorance amongst contributors. This offensive FAILED to meet all of its objectives and thus was a victory for the GERMANS, not for the Allies and the US army. It did however contribute to the German defeat in the war as it expended many German reserves and inflicted unsustainable losses. And it did NOT involve the Hindenburg line! I don't know where anyone ever got that idea from. The US Army's involvemnt with breaching the Hindeburg line was at the battle of St. Quentin Canal with II US Corps, which was an entirely separate operation (under British command) to this offensive. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Daniel Eyre (talk • contribs) 08:06, 12 October 2020 (UTC)

Siam source
The source for Siam's participation in the Meuse-Argonne offensive is invalid/broken, is there another source backing up the claim of Siamese participation in the battle? Colin Zhong (talk) 17:19, 12 February 2024 (UTC)
 * The Siam Society reorganised their website sometime ago. I've replaced the PDF URL. --Paul_012 (talk) 19:19, 18 February 2024 (UTC)

Wiki Education assignment: COMP II
— Assignment last updated by Jwerry98 (talk) 15:49, 2 April 2024 (UTC)

Image of "US Marines during the offensive" is wrong on both counts
This is not an image of US Marines during the Meuse-Argonne, it is an image of Iowa National Guardsmen taken 6 months earlier. The image is 111-SC-8364 in the National Archives. The original description reads: "168TH INFANTRY (FORMER 3RD Iowa Infantry) --French and American raiding party making their way to a Mecklembourg trench. This trench was captured in a former raid. Badonviller, France, March 17, 1918." Link: https://catalog.archives.gov/id/55177246 Tenacious Trilobite (talk) 04:59, 19 July 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Meuse–Argonne offensive


text:
Portal:Aviation/Anniversaries/March 11

March 11

 * 2011 – Following the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake off the coast of Japan, Sendai Airport in Natori, Japan, is engulfed by a tsunami and put out of action. Flights are suspended from a number of airports in Japan, including Narita International Airport and Haneda Airport, Tokyo. In Hawaii, Hilo International, Honolulu International, Kahului and Lihue airports are all temporarily closed.

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 * 1958 – A United States Air Force Boeing B-47E-60-LM Stratojet, 53-1876, c/n 290, from Hunter AFB, Georgia, jettisons nuclear weapons casing from 15,000 feet (4,600 m) over rural section of Florence, South Carolina, high-explosives detonate on impact causing property damage, several civilian injuries. No fuel capsule installed on bomb.

 * 1957 – The prototype Boeing 707 jet lands after a press demonstration flight from Seattle, Washington to Baltimore, Maryland during which it covers 2,350 miles in a record time of 3 hours 48 min.

 * 1957 – A Lockheed Super Constellation of Flying Tiger Lines sets a payload record for a commercial aircraft of 41,749 lb (18,936 kg) between Newark, New Jersey and Burbank, California

 * 1955 – Orient Airways is merged into a new government-owned airline to become Pakistan International Airlines.

 * 1955 – Third of 13 North American X-10s, GM-19309, c/n 3, on X-10 flight number 14, out of Edwards AFB, California, first flight of refitted c/n 3, the static test article. Vehicle exploded on gear retraction two seconds after lift-off - it was found that the destruct package was wired to the gear circuit instead of the engine circuit.

 * 1945 – A Japanese balloon bomb, shot at in British Columbia, was recovered in Edson, Alberta.

 * 1941 – The Congress of the United States passes the Lend-Lease bill, paving the way for the provision of (amongst other equipment) 16,000 warplanes to the UK. Later Lend-Lease arrangements will supply other Allied nations.

 * 1935 – Introduction: Avro 652 with Imperial Airways

 * 1918 – The first regular international airmail service begins, with Hansa-Brandenburg C.I aircraft linking Vienna, Lviv, Proskurov, and Kiev.

 * 1918 – Lt. Paul Baer becomes the first AEF Air Service member awarded the Distinguished Service Cross.

 * 1916 – The Royal Navy charters the cargo ship SS Manica for conversion into the first British balloon ship, HMS Manica. The Royal Navt will be the only navy during World War I to operate balloon ships, specialized ships designed to handle observation balloons as their sole function.

 * 1912 – Lt. Frank P. Lahm opened an Army Air School at Fort William McKinley, Philippines, with two volunteer students, Lt. Moss L. Love and Cpl. Vernon L. Burge, who later became the first enlisted pilot.

 * 1910 – Lieutenant J. W. Dunne’s D5 tailless biplane is tested at Eastchurch, Kent, England. It has a 60-hp Green engine and was built by Short Brothers.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Portal:Aviation/Anniversaries/March 11


text:
Chanéaz

Chanéaz is a former municipality in the district of Jura-Nord Vaudois of the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. The municipalities of Chapelle-sur-Moudon, Correvon, Denezy, Martherenges, Neyruz-sur-Moudon, Peyres-Possens, Saint-Cierges, Thierrens and Chanéaz merged on 1 January 2013 into the new municipality of Montanaire.

History
Chanéaz is first mentioned in 1184 as Chafneya.

Geography
Chanéaz had an area,, of 1.4 km2. Of this area, 1.01 km2 or 72.7% is used for agricultural purposes, while 0.36 km2 or 25.9% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 0.04 km2 or 2.9% is settled (buildings or roads).

Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 0.7% and transportation infrastructure made up 1.4%. Out of the forested land, all of the forested land area is covered with heavy forests. Of the agricultural land, 57.6% is used for growing crops and 15.1% is pastures.

The former municipality was part of the Yverdon District until it was dissolved on 31 August 2006, and Chanéaz became part of the new district of Jura-Nord Vaudois.

The former municipality is located in the northern Jorat plateau with a small enclave between Correvon and Vuissens.

Coat of arms
The blazon of the municipal coat of arms is Or, an Oak Tree eradicated Vert fructed with five Acorns of the same.

Demographics
Chanéaz had a population of 114. , 4.8% of the population are resident foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (1999–2009 ) the population has changed at a rate of 15.2%. It has changed at a rate of 7.6% due to migration and at a rate of 8.7% due to births and deaths.

Most of the population speaks French (84 or 96.6%) as their first language with the rest speaking German

The age distribution,, in Chanéaz is; 15 children or 14.2% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 14 teenagers or 13.2% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 13 people or 12.3% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 19 people or 17.9% are between 30 and 39, 15 people or 14.2% are between 40 and 49, and 12 people or 11.3% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 7 people or 6.6% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 9 people or 8.5% are between 70 and 79, there are 2 people or 1.9% who are between 80 and 89.

, there were 35 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 49 married individuals, 2 widows or widowers and 1 individuals who are divorced.

, there were 33 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.6 persons per household. There were 7 households that consist of only one person and 2 households with five or more people. Out of a total of 34 households that answered this question, 20.6% were households made up of just one person. Of the rest of the households, there are 12 married couples without children, 14 married couples with children

there were 22 single family homes (or 73.3% of the total) out of a total of 30 inhabited buildings. There were 1 multi-family buildings (3.3%) and along with 7 multi-purpose buildings that were mostly used for housing (23.3%).

, a total of 33 apartments (94.3% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 2 apartments (5.7%) were seasonally occupied. , the construction rate of new housing units was 0 new units per 1000 residents. The vacancy rate for the municipality,, was 2.63%.

The historical population is given in the following chart:

Politics
In the 2007 federal election the most popular party was the FDP which received 34.1% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the SP (14.49%), the SVP (14.23%) and the Green Party (12.31%). In the federal election, a total of 45 votes were cast, and the voter turnout was 59.2%.

Economy
, Chanéaz had an unemployment rate of 0.4%. , there were 10 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 4 businesses involved in this sector. 17 people were employed in the secondary sector and there were 2 businesses in this sector. 1 person was employed in the tertiary sector, with 1 business in this sector. There were 43 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 44.2% of the workforce.

the total number of full-time equivalent jobs was 22. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 5, all of which were in agriculture. The number of jobs in the secondary sector was 16 of which 7 or (43.8%) were in manufacturing and 9 (56.3%) were in construction. The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 1.

, there were 11 workers who commuted into the municipality and 31 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 2.8 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. Of the working population, 4.7% used public transportation to get to work, and 67.4% used a private car.

Religion
From the, 12 or 13.8% were Roman Catholic, while 61 or 70.1% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church. Of the rest of the population, there was 1 individual who belongs to another Christian church. There were 2 (or about 2.30% of the population) who were Islamic. 10 (or about 11.49% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic or atheist, and 1 individual (or about 1.15% of the population) did not answer the question.

Weather
Chanéaz has an average of 122.6 days of rain or snow per year and on average receives 977 mm of precipitation. The wettest month is June during which time Chanéaz receives an average of 100 mm of rain or snow. During this month there is precipitation for an average of 11 days. The month with the most days of precipitation is May, with an average of 12.7, but with only 93 mm of rain or snow. The driest month of the year is February with an average of 68 mm of precipitation over 10 days.

Education
In Chanéaz about 36 or (41.4%) of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 11 or (12.6%) have completed additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule). Of the 11 who completed tertiary schooling, 72.7% were Swiss men, 27.3% were Swiss women.

In the 2009/2010 school year there were a total of 18 students in the Chanéaz school district. In the Vaud cantonal school system, two years of non-obligatory pre-school are provided by the political districts. During the school year, the political district provided pre-school care for a total of 578 children of which 359 children (62.1%) received subsidized pre-school care. The canton's primary school program requires students to attend for four years. There were 9 students in the municipal primary school program. The obligatory lower secondary school program lasts for six years and there were 9 students in those schools.

, there were 15 students from Chanéaz who attended schools outside the municipality.

title: Chanéaz


text:
Chavannes-le-Chêne

Chavannes-le-Chêne is a municipality in the district of Jura-Nord Vaudois of the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

History
Chavannes-le-Chêne is first mentioned in 1334 as Chavanes.

Geography
Chavannes-le-Chêne has an area,, of 4 km2. Of this area, 3.3 km2 or 82.9% is used for agricultural purposes, while 0.45 km2 or 11.3% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 0.23 km2 or 5.8% is settled (buildings or roads), 0.01 km2 or 0.3% is either rivers or lakes and 0.01 km2 or 0.3% is unproductive land.

Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 3.3% and transportation infrastructure made up 2.0%. Out of the forested land, all of the forested land area is covered with heavy forests. Of the agricultural land, 73.1% is used for growing crops and 8.8% is pastures. All the water in the municipality is in lakes.

The municipality was part of the Yverdon District until it was dissolved on 31 August 2006, and Chavannes-le-Chêne became part of the new district of Jura-Nord Vaudois.

It consists of the village of Chavannes-le-Chêne and the hamlet of La Ruchille.

Coat of arms
The blazon of the municipal coat of arms is Vert, three Acorns two and one Argent.

Demographics
Chavannes-le-Chêne has a population of. , 10.2% of the population are resident foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (1999–2009 ) the population has changed at a rate of 15%. It has changed at a rate of 14.2% due to migration and at a rate of 0% due to births and deaths.

Most of the population speaks French (210 or 90.1%) as their first language, with German being second most common (12 or 5.2%) and Portuguese being third (5 or 2.1%). There is 1 person who speaks Italian.

The age distribution,, in Chavannes-le-Chêne is; 31 children or 11.9% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 31 teenagers or 11.9% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 36 people or 13.8% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 42 people or 16.2% are between 30 and 39, 31 people or 11.9% are between 40 and 49, and 34 people or 13.1% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 30 people or 11.5% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 15 people or 5.8% are between 70 and 79, there are 10 people or 3.8% who are between 80 and 89.

, there were 98 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 97 married individuals, 24 widows or widowers and 14 individuals who are divorced.

, there were 98 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.3 persons per household. There were 35 households that consist of only one person and 4 households with five or more people. Out of a total of 99 households that answered this question, 35.4% were households made up of just one person and there were 2 adults who lived with their parents. Of the rest of the households, there are 19 married couples without children, 31 married couples with children There were 9 single parents with a child or children. There were 2 households that were made up of unrelated people and 1 household that was made up of some sort of institution or another collective housing.

there were 41 single family homes (or 53.9% of the total) out of a total of 76 inhabited buildings. There were 13 multi-family buildings (17.1%), along with 17 multi-purpose buildings that were mostly used for housing (22.4%) and 5 other use buildings (commercial or industrial) that also had some housing (6.6%).

, a total of 94 apartments (90.4% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 2 apartments (1.9%) were seasonally occupied and 8 apartments (7.7%) were empty. , the construction rate of new housing units was 0 new units per 1000 residents. The vacancy rate for the municipality,, was 0%.

The historical population is given in the following chart:

Heritage sites of national significance
The Vallon Des Vaux, a prehistoric and High Middle Ages settlement is listed as a Swiss heritage site of national significance.

Politics
In the 2007 federal election the most popular party was the SVP which received 40.9% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the FDP (21.21%), the Green Party (13.99%) and the LPS Party (8.18%). In the federal election, a total of 57 votes were cast, and the voter turnout was 33.1%.

Economy
, Chavannes-le-Chêne had an unemployment rate of 3.5%. , there were 22 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 11 businesses involved in this sector. 13 people were employed in the secondary sector and there were 4 businesses in this sector. 16 people were employed in the tertiary sector, with 7 businesses in this sector. There were 122 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 40.2% of the workforce.

the total number of full-time equivalent jobs was 34. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 14, all of which were in agriculture. The number of jobs in the secondary sector was 10, all of which were in construction. The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 10. In the tertiary sector; 3 or 30.0% were in wholesale or retail sales or the repair of motor vehicles, 2 or 20.0% were in the movement and storage of goods, 1 was in a hotel or restaurant, 1 was in education.

, there were 11 workers who commuted into the municipality and 82 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 7.5 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. Of the working population, 8.2% used public transportation to get to work, and 58.2% used a private car.

Religion
From the, 28 or 12.0% were Roman Catholic, while 161 or 69.1% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church. Of the rest of the population, there were 3 individuals (or about 1.29% of the population) who belonged to another Christian church. 38 (or about 16.31% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic or atheist, and 4 individuals (or about 1.72% of the population) did not answer the question.

Education
In Chavannes-le-Chêne about 97 or (41.6%) of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 30 or (12.9%) have completed additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule). Of the 30 who completed tertiary schooling, 53.3% were Swiss men, 26.7% were Swiss women.

In the 2009/2010 school year there were a total of 39 students in the Chavannes-le-Chêne school district. In the Vaud cantonal school system, two years of non-obligatory pre-school are provided by the political districts. During the school year, the political district provided pre-school care for a total of 578 children of which 359 children (62.1%) received subsidized pre-school care. The canton's primary school program requires students to attend for four years. There were 18 students in the municipal primary school program. The obligatory lower secondary school program lasts for six years and there were 21 students in those schools.

, there were 7 students in Chavannes-le-Chêne who came from another municipality, while 24 residents attended schools outside the municipality.

Climate
Climate in this area has mild differences between highs and lows, and there is adequate rainfall year-round. The Köppen Climate Classification subtype for this climate is "Cfb". (Marine West Coast Climate/Oceanic climate).

title: Chavannes-le-Chêne


text:
User talk:Operativem

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Hope to see you around the Wiki! If you have any questions whatsoever, feel free to contact me on my talk page! ∞ Who ? ¿ ? 03:03, 25 July 2005 (UTC)

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title: User talk:Operativem


text:
Chêne-Pâquier

Chêne-Pâquier is a municipality in the district of Jura-Nord Vaudois of the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

History
Pâquier is first mentioned in 1462 as Pascua. In 1517 it was mentioned as Pasquier and in 1550, Chêne was mentioned as loz Chanoz.

Geography
Chêne-Pâquier has an area,, of 2.1 km2. Of this area, 1.46 km2 or 68.9% is used for agricultural purposes, while 0.51 km2 or 24.1% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 0.11 km2 or 5.2% is settled (buildings or roads).

Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 0.9% and transportation infrastructure made up 3.8%. Out of the forested land, 22.6% of the total land area is heavily forested and 1.4% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 60.8% is used for growing crops and 7.5% is pastures.

The municipality was part of the Yverdon District until it was dissolved on 31 August 2006, and Chêne-Pâquier became part of the new district of Jura-Nord Vaudois.

The municipality consists of the hamlets of Le Chêne and Le Pâquier.

Coat of arms
The blazon of the municipal coat of arms is Argent, a Base Vert, an Oak Tree proper leaved Vert and fructed of three Acorns Gules.

Demographics
Chêne-Pâquier has a population of. , 2.8% of the population are resident foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (1999–2009 ) the population has changed at a rate of 4.7%. It has changed at a rate of 3.7% due to migration and at a rate of 0.9% due to births and deaths.

Most of the population speaks French (98 or 94.2%) as their first language, with German being second most common (4 or 3.8%) and Serbo-Croatian being third (1 or 1.0%).

The age distribution,, in Chêne-Pâquier is; 8 children or 7.1% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 16 teenagers or 14.3% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 18 people or 16.1% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 11 people or 9.8% are between 30 and 39, 15 people or 13.4% are between 40 and 49, and 14 people or 12.5% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 11 people or 9.8% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 12 people or 10.7% are between 70 and 79, there are 6 people or 5.4% who are between 80 and 89, and there is 1 person who is 90 and older.

, there were 46 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 44 married individuals, 10 widows or widowers and 4 individuals who are divorced.

, there were 41 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.5 persons per household. There were 14 households that consist of only one person and 6 households with five or more people. Out of a total of 42 households that answered this question, 33.3% were households made up of just one person and there was 1 adult who lived with their parents. Of the rest of the households, there are 9 married couples without children, 16 married couples with children There was one single parent with a child or children.

there were 25 single family homes (or 64.1% of the total) out of a total of 39 inhabited buildings. There were 3 multi-family buildings (7.7%), along with 10 multi-purpose buildings that were mostly used for housing (25.6%) and 1 other use buildings (commercial or industrial) that also had some housing (2.6%).

, a total of 39 apartments (88.6% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 2 apartments (4.5%) were seasonally occupied and 3 apartments (6.8%) were empty. , the construction rate of new housing units was 0 new units per 1000 residents. The vacancy rate for the municipality,, was 0%.

The historical population is given in the following chart:

Heritage sites of national significance
The Temple and Cure is listed as a Swiss heritage site of national significance. The entire area around Chêne-Pâquier is part of the Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites.

Politics
In the 2007 federal election the most popular party was the SVP which received 36.59% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the FDP (25.24%), the SP (12.56%) and the Green Party (7.2%). In the federal election, a total of 47 votes were cast, and the voter turnout was 53.4%.

Economy
, Chêne-Pâquier had an unemployment rate of 2.5%. , there were 10 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 4 businesses involved in this sector. 24 people were employed in the secondary sector and there were 2 businesses in this sector. No one was employed in the tertiary sector. There were 43 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 46.5% of the workforce.

the total number of full-time equivalent jobs was 30. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 6, all of which were in agriculture. The number of jobs in the secondary sector was 24, all of which were in construction.

, there were 5 workers who commuted into the municipality and 30 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 6.0 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. Of the working population, 4.7% used public transportation to get to work, and 67.4% used a private car.

Religion
From the, 7 or 6.7% were Roman Catholic, while 93 or 89.4% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church. Of the rest of the population, there were 2 members of an Orthodox church (or about 1.92% of the population), and there was 1 individual who belongs to another Christian church. 1 (or about 0.96% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic or atheist.

Education
In Chêne-Pâquier about 41 or (39.4%) of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 8 or (7.7%) have completed additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule). Of the 8 who completed tertiary schooling, 50.0% were Swiss men, 50.0% were Swiss women.

, there were 10 students in Chêne-Pâquier who came from another municipality, while 20 residents attended schools outside the municipality.

title: Chêne-Pâquier


text:
Thursday Night in San Francisco

Thursday Night in San Francisco is a blues album by Albert King, recorded live in 1968 at the Fillmore Auditorium. This album, together with Wednesday Night in San Francisco, contains leftovers recorded live on the same dates as Live Wire/Blues Power. Thursday Night in San Francisco, released in 1990, contains material recorded on June 27, 1968.

Track listing

 * 1) "San-Ho-Zay" (Freddie King, Sonny Thompson) – 0:53
 * 2) "You Upset Me, Baby" (B.B. King, Jules Taub) – 4:53
 * 3) "Stormy Monday" (T-Bone Walker) – 8:37
 * 4) "Every Day I Have the Blues" (Peter Chatman) – 4:17
 * 5) "Drifting Blues" (Charles Brown, Johnny Moore, Eddie Williams) – 8:05
 * 6) "I've Made Nights By Myself" (Albert King) – 6:44
 * 7) "Crosscut Saw" (R.G. Ford) – 3:46
 * 8) "I'm Gonna Move to the Outskirts of Town" (Andy Razaf, Casey Bill Weldon) – 7:41
 * 9) "Ooh-ee baby" (Albert King) – 7:40

Personnel

 * Albert King – electric guitar, vocals
 * Willie James Exon – guitar
 * James Washington – organ
 * Roosevelt Pointer – bass
 * Theotis Morgan – drums

title: Thursday Night in San Francisco


text:
Cheseaux-Noréaz

Cheseaux-Noréaz is a municipality in the district of Jura-Nord Vaudois of the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

History
Cheseaux is first mentioned in 1147 as Chesaut. Noréaz was first mentioned in 1177 as Nobraia. The two villages merged into Cheseaux-Noréaz in 1798.

Geography
Cheseaux-Noréaz has an area,, of 6 km2. Of this area, 1.58 km2 or 26.2% is used for agricultural purposes, while 3.18 km2 or 52.7% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 0.63 km2 or 10.4% is settled (buildings or roads), 0.06 km2 or 1.0% is either rivers or lakes and 0.62 km2 or 10.3% is unproductive land.

Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 4.1% and transportation infrastructure made up 4.1%. while parks, green belts and sports fields made up 2.2%. Out of the forested land, 51.4% of the total land area is heavily forested and 1.3% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 18.1% is used for growing crops and 4.6% is pastures, while 3.5% is used for orchards or vine crops. Of the water in the municipality, 0.8% is in lakes and 0.2% is in rivers and streams.

The municipality was part of the Yverdon District until it was dissolved on 31 August 2006, and Cheseaux-Noréaz became part of the new district of Jura-Nord Vaudois.

The municipality is located on the eastern shore of Lake Neuchâtel. It consists of the villages of Cheseaux and Noréaz which merged in 1798.

Coat of arms
The blazon of the municipal coat of arms is Vert, between two Walnuts Or on a Bend of the same three Houses Sable windowed and doored Argent.

Demographics
Cheseaux-Noréaz has a population of. , 9.0% of the population are resident foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (1999–2009 ) the population has changed at a rate of -1.5%. It has changed at a rate of -1.5% due to migration and at a rate of -0.6% due to births and deaths.

Most of the population speaks French (488 or 92.4%) as their first language, with German being second most common (27 or 5.1%) and English being third (4 or 0.8%).

The age distribution,, in Cheseaux-Noréaz is; 52 children or 9.8% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 65 teenagers or 12.3% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 49 people or 9.3% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 44 people or 8.3% are between 30 and 39, 79 people or 15.0% are between 40 and 49, and 84 people or 15.9% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 72 people or 13.6% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 57 people or 10.8% are between 70 and 79, there are 21 people or 4.0% who are between 80 and 89, and there are 5 people or 0.9% who are 90 and older.

, there were 184 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 307 married individuals, 25 widows or widowers and 12 individuals who are divorced.

, there were 197 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.7 persons per household. There were 35 households that consist of only one person and 23 households with five or more people. Out of a total of 199 households that answered this question, 17.6% were households made up of just one person and there was 1 adult who lived with their parents. Of the rest of the households, there are 68 married couples without children, 84 married couples with children There were 6 single parents with a child or children. There were 3 households that were made up of unrelated people and 2 households that were made up of some sort of institution or another collective housing.

there were 165 single family homes (or 81.3% of the total) out of a total of 203 inhabited buildings. There were 18 multi-family buildings (8.9%), along with 14 multi-purpose buildings that were mostly used for housing (6.9%) and 6 other use buildings (commercial or industrial) that also had some housing (3.0%).

, a total of 193 apartments (82.8% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 37 apartments (15.9%) were seasonally occupied and 3 apartments (1.3%) were empty. , the construction rate of new housing units was 3.8 new units per 1000 residents. The vacancy rate for the municipality,, was 0%.

The historical population is given in the following chart:

Heritage sites of national significance
The Campagne De Champittet is listed as a Swiss heritage site of national significance.

Politics
In the 2007 federal election the most popular party was the SVP which received 21.6% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the SP (17.28%), the FDP (16.81%) and the LPS Party (14.05%). In the federal election, a total of 209 votes were cast, and the voter turnout was 58.2%.

Economy
, Cheseaux-Noréaz had an unemployment rate of 3%. , there were 26 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 6 businesses involved in this sector. 5 people were employed in the secondary sector and there were 2 businesses in this sector. 170 people were employed in the tertiary sector, with 17 businesses in this sector. There were 250 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 39.2% of the workforce.

the total number of full-time equivalent jobs was 169. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 20, all of which were in agriculture. The number of jobs in the secondary sector was 5 of which 1 was in manufacturing and 4 (80.0%) were in construction. The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 144. In the tertiary sector; 2 or 1.4% were in wholesale or retail sales or the repair of motor vehicles, 22 or 15.3% were in a hotel or restaurant, 1 was in the information industry, 1 was the insurance or financial industry, 9 or 6.3% were technical professionals or scientists, 94 or 65.3% were in education and 1 was in health care.

, there were 188 workers who commuted into the municipality and 212 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 1.1 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. Of the working population, 8.4% used public transportation to get to work, and 69.2% used a private car.

Religion
From the, 125 or 23.7% were Roman Catholic, while 303 or 57.4% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church. Of the rest of the population, there were 2 members of an Orthodox church (or about 0.38% of the population), and there were 35 individuals (or about 6.63% of the population) who belonged to another Christian church. There were 5 individuals (or about 0.95% of the population) who were Jewish, and 5 (or about 0.95% of the population) who were Islamic. There was 1 person who was Buddhist. 53 (or about 10.04% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic or atheist, and 16 individuals (or about 3.03% of the population) did not answer the question.

Education
In Cheseaux-Noréaz about 216 or (40.9%) of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 123 or (23.3%) have completed additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule). Of the 123 who completed tertiary schooling, 69.1% were Swiss men, 22.8% were Swiss women, 6.5% were non-Swiss men.

In the 2009/2010 school year there were a total of 56 students in the Cheseaux-Noréaz school district. In the Vaud cantonal school system, two years of non-obligatory pre-school are provided by the political districts. During the school year, the political district provided pre-school care for a total of 578 children of which 359 children (62.1%) received subsidized pre-school care. The canton's primary school program requires students to attend for four years. There were 26 students in the municipal primary school program. The obligatory lower secondary school program lasts for six years and there were 30 students in those schools.

, there were 190 students in Cheseaux-Noréaz who came from another municipality, while 103 residents attended schools outside the municipality.

title: Cheseaux-Noréaz


text:
Rue Saint-Jacques

The rue Saint-Jacques (in French, literally "Saint James Street"), is a street in a number of cities, including:
 * Rue Saint-Jacques (Montreal), Canada
 * Rue Saint-Jacques, Paris, France

title: Rue Saint-Jacques


text:
Cronay

Cronay is a municipality in the district of Jura-Nord Vaudois of the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

History
Cronay is first mentioned in 1142 as Crosnai.

Geography
Cronay has an area,, of 6.6 km2. Of this area, 4.02 km2 or 61.0% is used for agricultural purposes, while 2.15 km2 or 32.6% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 0.38 km2 or 5.8% is settled (buildings or roads), 0.03 km2 or 0.5% is either rivers or lakes and 0.01 km2 or 0.2% is unproductive land.

Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 2.3% and transportation infrastructure made up 3.0%. Out of the forested land, 31.6% of the total land area is heavily forested and 1.1% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 53.4% is used for growing crops and 6.2% is pastures, while 1.4% is used for orchards or vine crops. All the water in the municipality is flowing water.

The municipality was part of the Yverdon District until it was dissolved on 31 August 2006, and Cronay became part of the new district of Jura-Nord Vaudois.

It consists of the village of Cronay and the hamlets of La Baumaz, La Crausaz and Planchamps.

The municipalities of Cronay, Cuarny, Pomy, Ursins, Valeyres-sous-Ursins and Villars-Epeney are considering a merger on at a date in the future into the new municipality with an,, undetermined name.

Coat of arms
The blazon of the municipal coat of arms is Argent, a Saltire engrailed Azure, four Torteaux.

Demographics
Cronay has a population of. , 6.8% of the population are resident foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (1999–2009 ) the population has changed at a rate of -0.3%. It has changed at a rate of 1.9% due to migration and at a rate of -2.3% due to births and deaths.

Most of the population speaks French (299 or 97.1%) as their first language, with German being second most common (4 or 1.3%) and Italian being third (2 or 0.6%).

The age distribution,, in Cronay is; 20 children or 6.5% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 41 teenagers or 13.4% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 39 people or 12.7% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 33 people or 10.7% are between 30 and 39, 52 people or 16.9% are between 40 and 49, and 48 people or 15.6% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 36 people or 11.7% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 15 people or 4.9% are between 70 and 79, there are 22 people or 7.2% who are between 80 and 89, and there is 1 person who is 90 and older.

, there were 119 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 172 married individuals, 11 widows or widowers and 6 individuals who are divorced.

, there were 120 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.6 persons per household. There were 27 households that consist of only one person and 8 households with five or more people. Out of a total of 121 households that answered this question, 22.3% were households made up of just one person. Of the rest of the households, there are 41 married couples without children, 46 married couples with children There were 5 single parents with a child or children. There was 1 household that was made up of unrelated people and 1 household that was made up of some sort of institution or another collective housing.

there were 48 single family homes (or 48.0% of the total) out of a total of 100 inhabited buildings. There were 14 multi-family buildings (14.0%), along with 32 multi-purpose buildings that were mostly used for housing (32.0%) and 6 other use buildings (commercial or industrial) that also had some housing (6.0%).

, a total of 115 apartments (84.6% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 17 apartments (12.5%) were seasonally occupied and 4 apartments (2.9%) were empty. , the construction rate of new housing units was 3.3 new units per 1000 residents. The vacancy rate for the municipality,, was 0%.

The historical population is given in the following chart:

Sights
The entire village of Cronay is designated as part of the Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites.

Politics
In the 2007 federal election the most popular party was the SVP which received 40.92% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the SP (17.9%), the FDP (15.07%) and the Green Party (12.01%). In the federal election, a total of 133 votes were cast, and the voter turnout was 56.6%.

Economy
, Cronay had an unemployment rate of 3.2%. , there were 53 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 21 businesses involved in this sector. 4 people were employed in the secondary sector and there were 2 businesses in this sector. 9 people were employed in the tertiary sector, with 4 businesses in this sector. There were 149 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 40.3% of the workforce.

the total number of full-time equivalent jobs was 43. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 35, of which 27 were in agriculture and 8 were in forestry or lumber production. The number of jobs in the secondary sector was 4, all of which were in construction. The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 4. In the tertiary sector; 1 was in the sale or repair of motor vehicles, 3 or 75.0% were in education.

, there were 18 workers who commuted into the municipality and 113 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 6.3 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. Of the working population, 9.4% used public transportation to get to work, and 66.4% used a private car.

Religion
From the, 35 or 11.4% were Roman Catholic, while 202 or 65.6% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church. Of the rest of the population, there was 1 member of an Orthodox church, and there were 18 individuals (or about 5.84% of the population) who belonged to another Christian church. There were 2 individuals who were Hindu. 51 (or about 16.56% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic or atheist, and 7 individuals (or about 2.27% of the population) did not answer the question.

Education
In Cronay about 110 or (35.7%) of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 22 or (7.1%) have completed additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule). Of the 22 who completed tertiary schooling, 54.5% were Swiss men, 27.3% were Swiss women.

In the 2009/2010 school year there were a total of 27 students in the Cronay school district. In the Vaud cantonal school system, two years of non-obligatory pre-school are provided by the political districts. During the school year, the political district provided pre-school care for a total of 578 children of which 359 children (62.1%) received subsidized pre-school care. The canton's primary school program requires students to attend for four years. There were 16 students in the municipal primary school program. The obligatory lower secondary school program lasts for six years and there were 10 students in those schools. There was also 1 student who was home schooled or attended another non-traditional school.

, there were 18 students in Cronay who came from another municipality, while 34 residents attended schools outside the municipality.

title: Cronay


text:
Cuarny

Cuarny is a municipality in the district of Jura-Nord Vaudois of the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

History
Cuarny is first mentioned in 1174 as Quarnie.

Geography
Cuarny has an area,, of 4.6 km2. Of this area, 3.09 km2 or 67.6% is used for agricultural purposes, while 1.18 km2 or 25.8% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 0.32 km2 or 7.0% is settled (buildings or roads) and 0.01 km2 or 0.2% is unproductive land.

Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 1.5% and transportation infrastructure made up 5.0%. Out of the forested land, all of the forested land area is covered with heavy forests. Of the agricultural land, 54.9% is used for growing crops and 9.8% is pastures, while 2.8% is used for orchards or vine crops.

The municipality was part of the Yverdon District until it was dissolved on 31 August 2006, and Cuarny became part of the new district of Jura-Nord Vaudois.

The municipality is located east of Yverdon. It consists of the linear village of Cuarny, the estate of Fignerolles and, since 1964, La Grand-Fin which came from the municipality of Pomy.

The municipalities of Cronay, Cuarny, Pomy, Ursins, Valeyres-sous-Ursins and Villars-Epeney are considering a merger on at a date in the future into the new municipality with an,, undetermined name.

Coat of arms
The blazon of the municipal coat of arms is Argent, in base three Rayonnes Gules; in chief Gules three Owls Argent.

Demographics
Cuarny has a population of. , 5.4% of the population are resident foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (1999–2009 ) the population has changed at a rate of 0.6%. It has changed at a rate of -1.7% due to migration and at a rate of 3.4% due to births and deaths.

Most of the population speaks French (168 or 98.2%) as their first language, with Italian being second most common (2 or 1.2%) and German being third (1 or 0.6%).

The age distribution,, in Cuarny is; 19 children or 10.7% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 16 teenagers or 9.0% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 25 people or 14.1% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 24 people or 13.6% are between 30 and 39, 32 people or 18.1% are between 40 and 49, and 28 people or 15.8% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 20 people or 11.3% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 6 people or 3.4% are between 70 and 79, there are 7 people or 4.0% who are between 80 and 89.

, there were 74 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 86 married individuals, 5 widows or widowers and 6 individuals who are divorced.

, there were 64 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.6 persons per household. There were 17 households that consist of only one person and 6 households with five or more people. Out of a total of 66 households that answered this question, 25.8% were households made up of just one person. Of the rest of the households, there are 19 married couples without children, 25 married couples with children There were 3 single parents with a child or children.

there were 19 single family homes (or 38.8% of the total) out of a total of 49 inhabited buildings. There were 9 multi-family buildings (18.4%), along with 17 multi-purpose buildings that were mostly used for housing (34.7%) and 4 other use buildings (commercial or industrial) that also had some housing (8.2%).

, a total of 59 apartments (86.8% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 6 apartments (8.8%) were seasonally occupied and 3 apartments (4.4%) were empty. , the construction rate of new housing units was 0 new units per 1000 residents. The vacancy rate for the municipality,, was 0%.

The historical population is given in the following chart:

Politics
In the 2007 federal election the most popular party was the SVP which received 55.18% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the FDP (9.71%), the EDU Party (8.4%) and the LPS Party (7.94%). In the federal election, a total of 64 votes were cast, and the voter turnout was 49.2%.

Economy
, Cuarny had an unemployment rate of 2.9%. , there were 26 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 12 businesses involved in this sector. 15 people were employed in the secondary sector and there were 6 businesses in this sector. 16 people were employed in the tertiary sector, with 6 businesses in this sector. There were 95 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 35.8% of the workforce.

the total number of full-time equivalent jobs was 42. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 16, all of which were in agriculture. The number of jobs in the secondary sector was 13 of which 8 or (61.5%) were in manufacturing and 5 (38.5%) were in construction. The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 13. In the tertiary sector; 4 or 30.8% were in wholesale or retail sales or the repair of motor vehicles, 8 or 61.5% were in the information industry, 1 was in education.

, there were 9 workers who commuted into the municipality and 65 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 7.2 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. Of the working population, 8.4% used public transportation to get to work, and 53.7% used a private car.

Religion
From the, 20 or 11.7% were Roman Catholic, while 110 or 64.3% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church. Of the rest of the population, there were 2 members of an Orthodox church (or about 1.17% of the population), and there were 18 individuals (or about 10.53% of the population) who belonged to another Christian church. There was 1 individual who was Jewish, and there was 1 individual who was Islamic. 23 (or about 13.45% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic or atheist, and 5 individuals (or about 2.92% of the population) did not answer the question.

Education
In Cuarny about 68 or (39.8%) of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 18 or (10.5%) have completed additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule). Of the 18 who completed tertiary schooling, 61.1% were Swiss men, 33.3% were Swiss women.

In the 2009/2010 school year there were a total of 28 students in the Cuarny school district. In the Vaud cantonal school system, two years of non-obligatory pre-school are provided by the political districts. During the school year, the political district provided pre-school care for a total of 578 children of which 359 children (62.1%) received subsidized pre-school care. The canton's primary school program requires students to attend for four years. There were 16 students in the municipal primary school program. The obligatory lower secondary school program lasts for six years and there were 12 students in those schools.

, there were 17 students in Cuarny who came from another municipality, while 21 residents attended schools outside the municipality.

title: Cuarny


text:
Démoret

Démoret is a municipality in the district of Jura-Nord Vaudois of the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

History
Démoret is first mentioned in 1154 as Donmores. In 1453 it was mentioned as Demoret.

Geography
Démoret has an area,, of 4.3 km2. Of this area, 3.37 km2 or 78.9% is used for agricultural purposes, while 0.71 km2 or 16.6% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 0.2 km2 or 4.7% is settled (buildings or roads).

Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 2.1% and transportation infrastructure made up 2.3%. Out of the forested land, all of the forested land area is covered with heavy forests. Of the agricultural land, 72.1% is used for growing crops and 6.1% is pastures.

The municipality was part of the Yverdon District until it was dissolved on 31 August 2006, and Démoret became part of the new district of Jura-Nord Vaudois.

The rural municipality is located along both sides of the main road in the northern Jorat plateau between Broye and Mentue.

Coat of arms
The blazon of the municipal coat of arms is Sable, a Dolphin crowned haurient embowed Or.

Demographics
Démoret has a population of. , 6.3% of the population are resident foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (1999–2009 ) the population has changed at a rate of -3.8%. It has changed at a rate of -3.1% due to migration and at a rate of -0.8% due to births and deaths.

Most of the population speaks French (129 or 97.0%) as their first language, with German being second most common (2 or 1.5%) and Portuguese being third (2 or 1.5%).

The age distribution,, in Démoret is; 8 children or 6.3% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 24 teenagers or 19.0% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 16 people or 12.7% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 9 people or 7.1% are between 30 and 39, 21 people or 16.7% are between 40 and 49, and 21 people or 16.7% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 8 people or 6.3% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 8 people or 6.3% are between 70 and 79, there are 10 people or 7.9% who are between 80 and 89, and there is 1 person who is 90 and older.

, there were 55 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 69 married individuals, 5 widows or widowers and 4 individuals who are divorced.

, there were 49 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.7 persons per household. There were 12 households that consist of only one person and 8 households with five or more people. Out of a total of 49 households that answered this question, 24.5% were households made up of just one person. Of the rest of the households, there are 16 married couples without children, 19 married couples with children There were 2 single parents with a child or children.

there were 18 single family homes (or 45.0% of the total) out of a total of 40 inhabited buildings. There were 2 multi-family buildings (5.0%), along with 17 multi-purpose buildings that were mostly used for housing (42.5%) and 3 other use buildings (commercial or industrial) that also had some housing (7.5%).

, a total of 49 apartments (94.2% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 1 apartment was seasonally occupied and 2 apartments (3.8%) were empty. , the construction rate of new housing units was 0 new units per 1000 residents. The vacancy rate for the municipality,, was 0%.

The historical population is given in the following chart:

Sights
The entire village of Démoret is designated as part of the Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites.

Politics
In the 2007 federal election the most popular party was the SVP which received 41.3% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the FDP (14.22%), the SP (12.57%) and the Other (8.99%). In the federal election, a total of 61 votes were cast, and the voter turnout was 67.0%.

Economy
, Démoret had an unemployment rate of 0.4%. , there were 33 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 12 businesses involved in this sector. 10 people were employed in the secondary sector and there were 2 businesses in this sector. 5 people were employed in the tertiary sector, with 3 businesses in this sector. There were 65 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 41.5% of the workforce.

the total number of full-time equivalent jobs was 34. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 22, all of which were in agriculture. The number of jobs in the secondary sector was 9, all of which were in manufacturing. The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 3. In the tertiary sector; 2 or 66.7% were in wholesale or retail sales or the repair of motor vehicles, 1 was a technical professional or scientist,.

, there were 11 workers who commuted into the municipality and 28 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 2.5 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. Of the working population, 4.6% used public transportation to get to work, and 38.5% used a private car.

Religion
From the, 15 or 11.3% were Roman Catholic, while 99 or 74.4% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church. Of the rest of the population, there were 18 individuals (or about 13.53% of the population) who belonged to another Christian church. 10 (or about 7.52% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic or atheist.

Education
In Démoret about 43 or (32.3%) of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 16 or (12.0%) have completed additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule). Of the 16 who completed tertiary schooling, 62.5% were Swiss men, 37.5% were Swiss women.

In the 2009/2010 school year there were a total of 16 students in the Démoret school district. In the Vaud cantonal school system, two years of non-obligatory pre-school are provided by the political districts. During the school year, the political district provided pre-school care for a total of 578 children of which 359 children (62.1%) received subsidized pre-school care. The canton's primary school program requires students to attend for four years. There were 5 students in the municipal primary school program. The obligatory lower secondary school program lasts for six years and there were 11 students in those schools.

, there were 2 students in Démoret who came from another municipality, while 31 residents attended schools outside the municipality.

title: Démoret


text:
Donneloye

Donneloye is a municipality in the district of Jura-Nord Vaudois of the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

History
Donneloye is first mentioned in 1150 as Donnolui.

In the 12th century the village was dominated by a branch of a noble family from Goumoens by the name of Donneloye.

The river Mentue flows through the commune. The first stone bridge over this river was built during the Bernese period in 1754. Later becoming too narrow, it was widened in 1892 to form the present bridge on the Yverdon/Moudon road.

On 11 March 2007, the community decided to merge their commune with those of the neighbouring Gossens and Mézery-près-Donneloye communes, with effect from 1 January 2008.

The municipality of Prahins merged on 1 January 2012 into Donneloye.

The Château of Donneloye
The château of Donneloye was probably first built in the 15th century and passed through many hands from the 16th to the 19th centuries. Charles III, Duke of Savoy sold it in 1534 to Marguerite de Bellevaux, who sold it on to Guillaume Regnauld who in turn sold it to Marguerite de Chanéaz in 1597.

After passing through other hands, the château was purchased in 1652 by Jean-Philippe Loys, whose family possessed it until the end of the 18th century, when the conseiller d'état Jacques-François Viquerat (1838–1904) bought it.

The building today consists of a principal rectangular body divided by a wide central corridor. At the end of the present garden is a massive round tower, probably a dovecote. The building has no sculptures like those of the château of Avenches, but it is a typical example of a rural medieval manor house. The château is currently in private hands.

Geography
Donneloye has an area,, of 6.6 km2. Of this area, 4.59 km2 or 69.3% is used for agricultural purposes, while 1.51 km2 or 22.8% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 0.46 km2 or 6.9% is settled (buildings or roads), 0.03 km2 or 0.5% is either rivers or lakes.

Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 3.2% and transportation infrastructure made up 2.4%. Out of the forested land, all of the forested land area is covered with heavy forests. Of the agricultural land, 56.2% is used for growing crops and 12.7% is pastures. All the water in the municipality is flowing water.

The area after the merger is.

The municipality was part of the Yverdon District until it was dissolved on 31 August 2006, and Donneloye became part of the new district of Jura-Nord Vaudois.

The municipality is located on the right side of the Mentue river. It consists of the village of Donneloye and a number of hamlets.

Coat of arms
The blazon of the municipal coat of arms is Sable, a chief indented Or.

Demographics
Donneloye has a population of. , 5.3% of the population are resident foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (1999–2009 ) the population has changed at a rate of 20.3%. It has changed at a rate of 10.3% due to migration and at a rate of 10.5% due to births and deaths.

Most of the population speaks French (300 or 93.8%) as their first language, with German being second most common (12 or 3.8%) and Portuguese being third (4 or 1.3%). There is 1 person who speaks Italian.

The age distribution,, in Donneloye is; 79 children or 13.3% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 83 teenagers or 14.0% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 69 people or 11.7% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 85 people or 14.4% are between 30 and 39, 92 people or 15.5% are between 40 and 49, and 72 people or 12.2% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 58 people or 9.8% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 31 people or 5.2% are between 70 and 79, there are 20 people or 3.4% who are between 80 and 89, and there are 3 people or 0.5% who are 90 and older.

, there were 134 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 156 married individuals, 20 widows or widowers and 10 individuals who are divorced.

, there were 181 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.7 persons per household. There were 28 households that consist of only one person and 16 households with five or more people. Out of a total of 120 households that answered this question, 23.3% were households made up of just one person. Of the rest of the households, there are 37 married couples without children, 42 married couples with children There were 6 single parents with a child or children. There were 6 households that were made up of unrelated people and 1 household that was made up of some sort of institution or another collective housing.

there were 44 single family homes (or 61.1% of the total) out of a total of 72 inhabited buildings. There were 11 multi-family buildings (15.3%), along with 13 multi-purpose buildings that were mostly used for housing (18.1%) and 4 other use buildings (commercial or industrial) that also had some housing (5.6%).

, a total of 86 apartments (88.7% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 2 apartments (2.1%) were seasonally occupied and 9 apartments (9.3%) were empty. , the construction rate of new housing units was 5.1 new units per 1000 residents. The vacancy rate for the municipality,, was 1.86%.

The historical population is given in the following chart:

Sights
The entire village of Prahins is designated as part of the Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites.

Politics
In the 2007 federal election the most popular party was the SVP which received 41.39% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the SP (16.63%), the Green Party (12.36%) and the FDP (9.86%). In the federal election, a total of 127 votes were cast, and the voter turnout was 51.4%.

Economy
, Donneloye had an unemployment rate of 3.8%. , there were 42 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 14 businesses involved in this sector. 44 people were employed in the secondary sector and there were 14 businesses in this sector. 19 people were employed in the tertiary sector, with 11 businesses in this sector. There were 166 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 42.2% of the workforce.

the total number of full-time equivalent jobs was 82. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 26, all of which were in agriculture. The number of jobs in the secondary sector was 41 of which 13 or (31.7%) were in manufacturing and 28 (68.3%) were in construction. The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 15. In the tertiary sector; 4 or 26.7% were in wholesale or retail sales or the repair of motor vehicles, 1 was in the movement and storage of goods, 2 or 13.3% were in a hotel or restaurant, 1 was in the information industry, 1 was the insurance or financial industry, 2 or 13.3% were technical professionals or scientists, 4 or 26.7% were in education.

, there were 26 workers who commuted into the municipality and 117 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 4.5 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. Of the working population, 7.6% used public transportation to get to work, and 69.6% used a private car.

Religion
From the, 48 or 15.0% were Roman Catholic, while 220 or 68.8% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church. Of the rest of the population, there was 1 member of an Orthodox church, and there were 28 individuals (or about 8.75% of the population) who belonged to another Christian church. 31 (or about 9.69% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic or atheist, and 5 individuals (or about 1.56% of the population) did not answer the question.

Education
In Donneloye about 111 or (34.7%) of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 48 or (15.0%) have completed additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule). Of the 48 who completed tertiary schooling, 62.5% were Swiss men, 29.2% were Swiss women.

In the 2009/2010 school year there were a total of 94 students in the Donneloye school district. In the Vaud cantonal school system, two years of non-obligatory pre-school are provided by the political districts. During the school year, the political district provided pre-school care for a total of 578 children of which 359 children (62.1%) received subsidized pre-school care. The canton's primary school program requires students to attend for four years. There were 49 students in the municipal primary school program. The obligatory lower secondary school program lasts for six years and there were 45 students in those schools.

, there were 23 students in Donneloye who came from another municipality, while 33 residents attended schools outside the municipality.

title: Donneloye


text:
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Hope to see you around the Wiki! If you have any questions whatsoever, feel free to contact me on my talk page! ∞ Who ? ¿ ? 03:04, 25 July 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Lazyhound