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George A. Cooper

George Alphonsus Cooper (7 March 1925 – 16 November 2018) was an English actor and voice artist. He died in November 2018 at the age of 93.

Early life
Cooper was born in Leeds, the son of William and Eleanor (née Dobson) Cooper. His father worked on the railways as a train guard. The younger Cooper began to train as an electrical engineer, but enlisted in the Royal Artillery during the Second World War, acting with the Royal Artillery Depot Players in India.

Stage career
After a short period as a draughtsman he joined Theatre Workshop, then based in Manchester. Joan Littlewood's company, also based in Glasgow for a time, then concentrated on performing its productions on tour. The company's permanent base became London's Theatre Royal Stratford East in 1953, the opening production being Twelfth Night with Cooper as Malvolio and Harry H. Corbett as Sir Andrew Aguecheek. Both men were often cast in antagonist roles in Theatre Workshop productions during the next few years. Cooper left the company in 1955. Cooper played Geoffrey Fisher, the stern father of the eponymous antihero Billy Liar, in the original West End stage production in 1960. According to Tom Courtenay, who took over the role of Billy from Albert Finney, immediately prior to his entrance in Act One, Scene One, while waiting in the wings, Cooper would regularly mime taking 'the most enormous shit', which would involve removing his braces, lowering his trousers and making (in)appropriate noises, a routine he timed impeccably, so that his stage entrance would immediately follow hoisting his trousers and braces back into place. His wife, Shirley Jones (married 1955), who worked as a Theatre Workshop costume assistant, did not like his absences during the evenings, and Cooper himself found eight performances of Billy Liar a week to be a strain. Increasingly he turned to television for work.

Television and film career
He had a recurring role in Coronation Street as Willie Piggott, a dubious businessman, between 1964 and 1971. One of his other regular roles was as the caretaker Mr. Griffiths in the long-running children's TV series Grange Hill. from 1985 to 1992. He returned to the role of Geoffrey Fisher in the sitcom version of Billy Liar (1973–74).

Among Cooper's other television credits are Danger Man, Z-Cars, Dixon of Dock Green, No Hiding Place, Doctor Who (in the serial The Smugglers), Angel Pavement, Softly, Softly, The Avengers, The Saint, Randall and Hopkirk (Deceased), The Troubleshooters, Steptoe and Son, A Family at War, Doomwatch, Public Eye, Budgie, Bless This House, Sykes, Rising Damp, The New Avengers, Some Mothers Do 'Ave 'Em, All Creatures Great and Small, Poor Little Rich Girls, Juliet Bravo, When the Boat Comes In, Terry and June, Taggart, Casualty and as Walter Petigrew in Heartbeat.

Cooper had roles in many films including: Violent Playground (1958), Hell Is a City (1960), The Cracksman (1963), Nightmare (1964), Dracula Has Risen from the Grave (1968) with Christopher Lee and the film version of Bless This House (1972) with Sid James.

He also appeared in a 1976 training film for British Leyland entitled The Quality Connection, where he plays the disgruntled owner of a new Morris Marina which suffers from numerous faults due to quality deficiencies in the production process.

Selected filmography

 * Men of Two Worlds (1946) - Orchestra Conductor
 * Okinawa (1952) - Yeoman (uncredited)
 * The Passing Stranger (1954) - Charlie
 * Jumping for Joy (1956) - Farmer (uncredited)
 * Sailor Beware! (1956) - Petty Officer (uncredited)
 * The Secret Place (1957) - Harry
 * Miracle in Soho (1957) - Foreman
 * Violent Playground (1958) - Chief Inspector
 * A Night to Remember (1958) - Purser Ernest G. F. Brown, SS Carpathia (uncredited)
 * Friends and Neighbours (1959) - George Wheeler
 * Hell Is a City (1960) - Doug Savage
 * Follow That Horse! (1960) - Rudd
 * In the Doghouse (1961) - Veterinary Examiner - (voice overdubbed by Scottish accent)
 * The Brain (1962) - Thomas Gabler
 * The Wild and the Willing (1962) - 1st Customer
 * The Cracksman (1963) - Fred
 * Tom Jones (1963) - Mr. Fitzpatrick
 * Nightmare (1964) - John
 * The Bargee (1964) - Official in Office
 * Ferry Cross the Mersey (1964) - Mr. Lumsden
 * Life at the Top (1965) - Graffham
 * Smashing Time (1967) - Irishman
 * The Strange Affair (1968) - Supt. Kingley
 * Dracula Has Risen from the Grave (1968) - Landlord
 * Start the Revolution Without Me (1970) - Dr. Duval
 * Cromwell (1970) - (scenes deleted)
 * The Rise and Rise of Michael Rimmer (1970) - Blacket
 * What Became of Jack and Jill? (1972) - Trouncer
 * Bless This House (1972) - Mr Wilson
 * The Vault of Horror (1973) - (scenes deleted)
 * The Black Windmill (1974) - Pincus (uncredited)
 * Dick Deadeye, or Duty Done (1975) - The Pirate King (voice)
 * Trial by Combat (1976) - 2nd Leather Jerkin

title: George A. Cooper


text:
Tarnov

Tarnov can be:
 * Tarnov, Bardejov, a village in Slovakia
 * Tarnów, Poland, anglicized as Tarnov
 * Tarnov, Nebraska, named after the Polish town from which many of the original inhabitants came

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Tarnov


text:
User talk:Kayfan92

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! -- Longhair | Talk 13:06, 26 July 2005 (UTC)
 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
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 * Help pages
 * Tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Manual of Style

Brian Potter
Your article on Brian Potter is already at Brian Potter, slightly reformatted. You don't have to resubmit the original version to Brian potter, as it redirects to the article. — J I P | Talk 13:18, 26 July 2005 (UTC)

Perhaps I was unclear. If you want to edit the article about Brian Potter, edit THIS ARTICLE: Brian Potter. With the capital P in the surname and everything. You know, just like people have surnames that start with a capital letter. — J I P | Talk 13:25, 26 July 2005 (UTC)

Image Tagging for Image:Spikey-home.jpg
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title: User talk:Kayfan92


text:
Savonia

Savonia or Savonian may refer to:

 * Savonia (historical province), a historical province of Finland when it was part of the Kingdom of Sweden
 * Savonian dialects, forms of Finnish language spoken in Savonia and other parts of Eastern Finland
 * Savonian people, Finnish people descending from the inhabitants of historical province of Savonia
 * Savonia University of Applied Sciences, a university in Northern Savonia, Finland
 * Hotel Savonia, a Best Western chain hotel in Kuopio, Finland

title: Savonia


text:
Joey Marella

Joseph Anthony Marella (February 28, 1963 – July 4, 1994) was an American professional wrestling referee for the World Wrestling Federation and son of former wrestler and then WWF announcer Gorilla Monsoon (Robert Marella) from Willingboro Township, New Jersey.

Career
Joey Marella joined the World Wrestling Federation in 1983, and moved through the ranks until he was often assigned to referee feature promotion matches. In 1987, he served as the referee for the much-hyped match between Hulk Hogan and André the Giant at WrestleMania III as well as their rematch in 1988 at Wrestlemania IV. 10 minutes prior to their Wrestlemania III match, André had asked Vince McMahon to choose Marella to be the referee for that match.

Marella was also the official for the 1992 SummerSlam main event of Bret Hart vs. Davey Boy Smith at London's famous Wembley Stadium. Marella was briefly suspended for a substance abuse problem in 1993 and then later re-hired.

He was also part of the controversy at the 1994 Royal Rumble match in which he and former WWF referee Earl Hebner couldn't decide between Lex Luger and Bret Hart as to who had won the match.

During Marella's career as a WWF referee, while becoming one of the Federation's most respected in-ring officials, he also became the butt of jokes for heel based commentators especially when they were teamed with Marella's father Gorilla Monsoon with Monsoon regularly using one of his catch phrases "Will you stop" (mostly said to either Jesse "The Body" Ventura or Bobby "The Brain" Heenan) when they would criticize his performance. This was actually an inside joke, as the fact that Monsoon and Marella were actually father and son was not well known by fans until after Marella had died. Earl Hebner discussed in an interview how Marella was a good person. Hebner revealed that he was scheduled to referee the last match on a card, but Marella offered to referee the last match so Hebner could get out early and fly home from the nearby Newark Airport.

Other media
Marella also appeared in the 1989 WWF produced movie No Holds Barred as a referee during a wrestling match.

Death and legacy
He died in a car accident on July 4, 1994, at the age of 31, after he fell asleep at the wheel and crashed into a guardrail and a tree while driving home on the New Jersey Turnpike after a night of refereeing WWF matches in Ocean City, Maryland. Bruno Lauer, better known by his ring name Harvey Wippleman, was with him at the time and was critically injured. He repeatedly asked Marella if he was dead, but never responded. Lauer was wearing a seatbelt, while Marella was not. Following his death, the WWF instituted rules that WWF personnel had to check into hotels when working late. Furthermore, they would no longer travel alone and everyone traveling together had to agree to travel. Marella is buried next to his father Gorilla Monsoon (1937–1999) at Lakeview Memorial Park in Cinnaminson, New Jersey. Images of a baseball player and a golfer were placed on his headstone due to his love of the two sports. As a tribute, WWE ring announcer Tony Chimel named his son after Marella. Marella's sister Valerie also named a son after her brother.

title: Joey Marella


text:
Talk:Kriegsmarine

Gneisenau/Scharnhorst classification dispute
Please note that this has been debated before: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Gneisenau_class_battlecruiser The outcome seems to be that they are to be classified as battlecruisers in the english wikipedia as they are called such in German battlecruiser Scharnhorst and German battlecruiser Gneisenau. (with a note about the KM classification as battleships). --Sus scrofa 13:33, 28 May 2006 (UTC)

Uboat statistics
As there is a disagreement as to the percentage of KM submarines destroyed during the war some source for this statistic has to be found. It's also a matter of clarifying what's meant with "destroyed": does this number include the subs scuttled at the end of the war, is the percentage based on the total number of subs built or on the total number of subs commissioned and so on. --Sus scrofa 13:33, 28 May 2006 (UTC)
 * This website provides stats of losses, per year. Also quotes 1154 u-boats availble during the war (others not commissioned are excluded). Destroyed percentage comes to about 67% I believe. Folks at 137 16:50, 28 May 2006 (UTC)

OK, I'm counting 692 subs lost in combat (incl. 4 given to Japan at the end of the war) and 397 subs that were surrendered or scuttled by their own crew at the end of the war, 37 subs that were retired during the war and 25 lost by fratricide or accidents. 692 / 1154 = ~60 %. So it's a matter of defining "destroyed" I guess. The scuttled subs were destroyed but not in combat so I think 60 % is the correct figure.--Sus scrofa 18:33, 28 May 2006 (UTC)

 * Instead of 'destroyed', how about a more precise characterization? 'Sunk in action' seems like the interesting number; obviously, any boats left at the end of the war were surrendered or scuttled.
 * —wwoods 21:30, 28 May 2006 (UTC)

How's this: "During World War II, about 60% of all U-boats commissioned were lost in action; 28,000 of the 40,000 U-boat crewmen were killed during the war and 8,000 were captured."? And then maybe a note about the scuttling/surrendering at the end of the war. --Sus scrofa 22:59, 28 May 2006 (UTC)

Linkspammer
Just to say that the linkspammer active here has been here before, and got a block of several days. I recommend another one if he starts again. A range block from about 180 to 200 in the third number worked. DJ Clayworth 13:08, 26 July 2005 (UTC)

Flag
Note that the Iron Cross on the flag is deliberately set to the left as per Flags of the World. More info on image desc. page.

Greentubing 23:55, 31 January 2006 (UTC)

Hitler inspecting crew.
"Hitler inspecting Kriegsmarine units at the height of the war." This cannot be true. The Kriegsmarine officer with Hitler is Ernst Lindeman, captain of battleship Bismarck. The picture was taken during Hitler's visit to the battleship in 1941. --Kurt Leyman 13:19, 3 October 2006 (UTC)

Major ports/naval bases?
The article omits this important information. What were the major ports, submarine bases, etc.? --KJK::Hyperion 04:59, 2 January 2007 (UTC)

always: Wilhelmshafen, Emden, Hamburg, Kiel additional wartime: Brest (41-42 for large surface combatants), St. Nazaire (subs), Bordeaux (subs), Danzig, Lorient (subs) plus the use of several fjords of Norway as staging areas (Tirpitz, Scharnhorst, Prinz Eugen) Lastdingo (talk) 22:33, 22 June 2009 (UTC)

Updates to External Links
I have replaced the explicit External Links with cite web templates ... I used the  from the web pages for the   tags ... there were two links to the same website (www.german-navy.de), so I removed one of them. --72.75.126.37 00:45, 21 January 2007 (UTC)

"Adolf Hitler leaving a Kriegsmarine battleship together with Grand Admiral Erich Raeder."
Excuse me, but isn't the Admiral with Hitler actually Otto Ciliax? Regards, --Kurt Leyman 16:44, 24 April 2007 (UTC)

Command structure
Added a section on this but it needs some expansion, if anyone has info. I've avoided adding names, as it would become a list. Also the OKM article badly needs serious attention as to its function and organisation - mainly a description of the OKM flag at present. Folks at 137 19:48, 31 August 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Pt-2745-75dpi.jpg
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BetacommandBot (talk) 22:11, 5 December 2007 (UTC)

Wehrmacht Marine
German military license plates for the Navy used the abbreviation "WM" ("Wehrmacht Marine"), so the degree of useage of "Kriegsmarine" is questionable. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 76.14.240.177 (talk) 10:54, 5 April 2009 (UTC)

Infobox
Shouldn't "Notable Commanders" be replaced simply with "Commanders", and is also POV? bigpad (talk) 13:11, 27 May 2009 (UTC)

 * The "Notable Commanders" field is a function of the infobox and I don't think it can be changed. Raeder and Dönitz were the two commanders of the Kriegsmarine so I think they are notable in this context. To clarify, I don't think that "notable" is meant to mean "good" or "skilled" in this context; a disastrously incompetent commander that led his unit to many defeats would also be "notable", ie. he deserves to be mentioned in the infobox.--Sus scrofa (talk) 18:01, 27 May 2009 (UTC)

expression of opinion on submarine quantities
"It is arguable that, had more resources been put more into U-boats earlier, then Britain would not have been able to defend its convoys quickly enough to avoid defeat. In fact after a year of war, production of new ships had only kept up with losses." I propose to delete this. It's opinion, not fact - and a rather ill-informed opinion. Here is an explanation: http://defense-and-freedom.blogspot.com/2009/06/german-submarine-force-size-of-1939.html Lastdingo (talk) 22:36, 22 June 2009 (UTC)

 * Since the statement in question is unsourced and hedged with the word "arguably" I see no problem with removing it.--Sus scrofa (talk) 16:29, 23 June 2009 (UTC)

 * As I read it, the Defence and Freedom page referred to does not challenge the contention that more subs could have beaten Britain. It explains the reasons why, not the impact. The second part of the statement, about new v. losses, can certainly be sourced, if only from statistics. As for the first part, Donitz himself reckoned 300 subs would strangle Britain, so there was an arguable case for the statement. Folks at 137 (talk) 23:20, 24 June 2009 (UTC)

Air-sea rescue
A link to air-sea rescue has just been added, but the Seenotdienst is perhaps worth a passing mention. They worked with volunteer life saving boat groups in occupied countries, and with Kriegsmarine units to coordinate rescues. Binksternet (talk) 12:43, 9 August 2010 (UTC)
 * Feel free to contribute, as long as it's "aircraft supporting the Kriegsmarine". If it's just boats, it shouldn't be in the Air and Land units paragraph. --Regards, Necessary Evil (talk) 13:02, 9 August 2010 (UTC)

War crimes and involvement in Holocaust?
Despite the length of the article, it misses an important subject-the Kriegsmarine war crimes and its involvement in mass murder of Jewish population. This should be added to the article.--MyMoloboaccount (talk) 15:21, 16 March 2011 (UTC)

The only related fact that comes to my mind is that the RAF sunk a Kreigsmarine transport (the name escapes me at the moment) near the end of the war that was carrying prisoners from a concentration camp, so the Kriegsmarine was involved in the Holocaust to some degree. --Sus scrofa (talk) 17:23, 16 March 2011 (UTC)
 * Kriegsmarine was involved in Holocaust in Latvia(Liep%C4%81ja massacres), I will also have to check its involvement in medical experiments on humans. Also I believe that some Kriegsmarine personnel was used during death marches--MyMoloboaccount (talk) 18:42, 16 March 2011 (UTC)

 * The Kriegsmarine was not part of the organization and execution of the Holocaust. That was the SS. The Kriegsmarine was also not doing by herself mass murders on Jews. You can see that in the Libau case Liepāja massacres. SS units were doing the crimes.

A generalisation like in the first sentence: "The Kriegsmarine was involved during the war in atrocities and Holocaust." without any references then the case Libau is not sincere history. I delete the sentence and change the chapter to War Crimes. -- Rakell (talk) 23:30, 4 October 2012 (UTC)

"Reichsmarine" to "Kriegsmarine"?
Reichsmarine sounds perfectly acceptable for an entity which would later refer to itself as the 3rd Reich... The article however doesn't mention why it was suddenly renamed to Kriegsmarine. Although I assume it had a national/internal propaganda purpose, are there any verifiable sources that mention why exactly this happened? -- MiG (talk) 14:56, 27 May 2011 (UTC)
 * For German ears is the name Kriegsmarine more warlike then Reichsmarine (Krieg means war). This is the reason why the name was changed. But in the time of the Reichsmarine the Reichsmarine was called unoffically also Kriegsmarine. A German -- Rakell (talk) 18:43, 11 October 2011 (UTC)

To clarify, the official long form name of Germany from the unification in 1871 until the end of the World War II was Deutsches Reich. Reich means something like "realm", "country" or "kingdom" in English, and isn't tied to the Third Reich although it is most known in the English speaking world from that name. So Reichsmarine took its name from the name of Germany at the time it was formed.--Sus scrofa (talk) 20:13, 18 October 2012 (UTC)

What ships should be included in the section "Major enemy warships sunk or destroyed"?
When I created the section currently titled "Major enemy warships sunk or destroyed" I rather arbitrarily choose to only list battleships and carriers. Another editor has added cruisers and a destroyer recently. Now I want to ask where we should draw the line, should every destroyer sunk by the Kriegsmarine be listed for example? Maybe smaller vessels should be summarized, something like "The Kriegsmarine sunk X number of torpedo boats during the war" and so on? If the list gets to long it can be spun off to its own article. I guess it is a question of relevance. Also, should there be a list of Kriegsmarine losses in similar format to the "Major enemy warships sunk or destroyed" section (chronological order, cause of loss etc.)?--Sus scrofa (talk) 20:30, 18 October 2012 (UTC)

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Reasons for channel dash are incomplete
"Hitler, fearing a British invasion of Norway, forced the leadership of the Kriegsmarine to transfer her big ships based in the French Atlantic port of Brest to Norway" seems to be an incomplete and inaccurate description of the decision-making processes. The explanation of the logic for making the channel dash in the 3 sources that I have to hand are:

Garzke and Dulin pg 145-146 (a) Hitler believed Norway was the "zone of destiny". (b) The Luftwaffe could not provide the level of air cover needed to keep the ships operational in Brest. (c) Little chance of successful Atlantic operation (i) with the USA in the war (ii) most of the supply ships to support Atlantic operations had been lost (thought this source does not make clear the logical connection on this - only mentions it in considering the evacuation route). (d) With the USA in the war, arctic convoys to Russia were expected to increase.

Koop and Schmolke pg 111 (a) Constant danger of air attack. (b) Abandonment of plans for an Atlantic sortie after the loss of Bismarck. Note that this source says that both (a) and (b) "convinced the Naval Staff that the heavy units had to be evacuated from Brest for deployment elsewhere".

Hellwinkel Kindle location 731 of 4855 (Given in a more narrative form than the sources above.) Background: (a) After La Pallice raid on Scharnhorst, all three major warships in Brest were non-operational. In addition Lützow had been torpedoed en route to the Atlantic and was undergoing lengthy repairs Admiral Hipper and Admiral Scheer were undergoing overhaul and Tirpitz was still working up. Naval War Operations therefore had no large warships to send out into the Atlantic. (b) The British had better monitoring of exit routes from Brest (including radar). (c) The Atlantic supply ship network had been rolled up (based on codebreaking). Main reasons: (d) Nov 1941 situation report to Hitler by Raeder stated that risk of air attack made staying in Brest highly undesirable. (e) When Raeder suggested Scharnhorst and Gneisenau make an Atlantic sortie and return via Iceland, whilst Prinz Eugen returned via the channel, Hitler asked why all three ships could not return via the channel a.s.a.p. for the defence of Norway. (f) If the channel dash was not feasible, Hitler ordered that the ships should be decommissioned in Brest.

It seems then that this article should say that evacuation from Brest was carried out because Atlantic sorties from Brest were less feasible and that ships in Brest were at significant risk of damage by air raids, as well as the increased emphasis on Norway. It is not correct to say that the evacuation was "forced on the leadership of the Kreigsmarine" as they had come to this conclusion themselves.

Do other sources concur or differ with this assessment? ThoughtIdRetired (talk) 22:30, 15 July 2018 (UTC)

the german navy remains afther ww2 was NOT distributed by a single person, but for a commission ... 2Of these 48 U-boats, 30 were allocated to the Allies by the Tripartite Naval Commission."
I will make the changes if no comments come forward. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Cuye (talk • contribs) 15:28, 31 March 2019 (UTC)

Shipbuilding
This page could be enhanced by details of the shipyards and warship building. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 83.100.188.53 (talk) 14:00, 11 September 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:Kriegsmarine


text:
Kenneth Kendall

Kenneth Kendall (7 August 1924 – 14 December 2012) was a British broadcaster. He worked for many years as a newsreader for the BBC, where he was a contemporary of fellow newsreaders Richard Baker and Robert Dougall. He is also remembered as the host of the Channel 4 game show Treasure Hunt, which ran between 1982 and 1989, as well as the host of The World Tonight in the 1968 science fiction film 2001: A Space Odyssey.

Early life
Kendall was born in India where his father, Frederic William Kendall (d. 30 May 1945), worked. He was brought up in Cornwall. Kendall was educated at Felsted School in Essex, England. He read Modern Languages at Corpus Christi College, Oxford, for one year before being called up to the British Army.

Military service
Kendall joined the Coldstream Guards where he was commissioned as a lieutenant. He arrived in Normandy ten days after D-Day but was wounded about a month later. In 1945, he was among 100,000 British military personnel sent to Palestine. In 1946, he was demobilised from the Guards as a captain.

Broadcasting career
After leaving the army, Kendall returned to Oxford to complete his Modern Language degree. He hoped to join the Foreign Office but instead joined the BBC in 1948 as a radio newsreader. In 1954, he transferred to television. Although he was not the first newsreader on BBC television, Kendall was the first to appear in front of a camera reading the news in 1955. As he was employed on a freelance basis by the BBC, he also worked as an actor for a repertory company based in Crewe, and briefly at the menswear retailer Austin Reed in Regent Street, where he met actor John Inman and offered him a job in the Crewe theatre company.

Kendall became known for his elegant dress sense and was voted best-dressed newsreader by Style International and No.1 newscaster by Daily Mirror readers in 1979. He left the BBC in 1961, and from 1961 to 1969 was a freelance newsreader, working occasionally for ITN and presenting Southern Television's Day By Day. He appeared as himself in the Adam Adamant episode "The Doomsday Plan", in which he is kidnapped and impersonated. He also appeared in the Doctor Who serial The War Machines.

He rejoined the BBC in 1969 and finally retired from newsreading on 23 December 1981. Kendall's retirement allowed him to work on the popular Channel 4 programme Treasure Hunt throughout its first run (1982–1989), which featured Anneka Rice as a "skyrunner". He also presented the television programme Songs of Praise.

Later life
Soon after retirement from news reading, Kendall lent his voice to the BBC Micro as part of Acorn Computers' hardware speech synthesis system.

In 2010 he took part in BBC's series The Young Ones in which six well-known people in their 70s and 80s attempt to overcome some of the problems of ageing by harking back to the 1970s.

Personal life
Kendall lived in Cowes on the Isle of Wight with his partner Mark Fear, with whom he had been since 1989. Fear was the owner of a marine art gallery and a beekeeper. The couple entered into a civil partnership in 2006.

Death
Kendall died on 14 December 2012, following a stroke a few weeks previously. On 29 April 2013, his partner Mark Fear was found hanged aged 55. An inquest concluded that he had died by suicide because he was "overcome by grief".

Filmography

 * The Reckless Moment (1949) – Man (uncredited)
 * The Day The Earth Stood Still (1951) – TV Newscaster (uncredited)
 * Scotland Yard Evidence in Concrete (1961) – TV news reader on Decca television screen
 * The Brain (1962) – TV Newscaster (uncredited)
 * Doctor Who: The War Machines (1966) – Himself (Credited, TV cameo)
 * They Came from Beyond Space (1967) – Commentator
 * The Exorcism – from the Dead of Night BBC TV series. (1972) (Credited)
 * 2001: A Space Odyssey (1968) – BBC-12 Announcer (uncredited)

title: Kenneth Kendall


text:
Wikipedia:Collaboration of the week/Ganbare Goemon

Ganbare Goemon

 * Nominated on 13:10, 26 July 2005 (UTC); needs 5 votes by 1 August.

This is such a large series of games with so little information on the individual games, that I think it should be nominated. There's good info on the series as a whole, but each game is relatively neglected.

Support:
 * 1) Masamunecyrus 13:10, 26 July 2005 (UTC)


text:
Talk:Solomon Lew

Needs more work
i think this article needs a little more work. Adam 13:09, 26 July 2005 (UTC)

Yes, I would like to include his pre-Coles Myer years, the issue of related party transactions with Coles Myer, Lawrence Gruzman and his involvement, Phillip Bowman, more on what happened with Ansett, his boat Texas and other interesting areas. Should be a book about this guy? Is there? HarryKav 13:24, 23 December 2005 (UTC)

Religion
Lew The Jew: Why does being a Jew have to be mentioned? If he was Catholic would it be worthy of a mention? 121.91.121.135 (talk) 08:36, 19 July 2010 (UTC)The Russian
 * Yeah I'm struggling to see it's relevance. I might just delete it and see if anyone wants to reinsert it or argue the point.Ticklemygrits (talk) 12:06, 4 January 2011 (UTC)

I don't know how substantial it is, but shouldn't someone with this much bad stuff written about them have more general biographical/personal detail as well? Tom (talk) 14:42, 29 November 2011 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Solomon Lew


text:
Tavastia

Tavastia or Tavastland may refer to:

 * Häme (Swedish: Tavastland, Latin: Tavastia)
 * Tavastia (historical province), a historical territory of Tavastians, later province of the kingdom of Sweden, located in modern-day Finland
 * Tavastia (constituency), formerly Tavastia South, Finland
 * Tavastia Proper, a modern region of Finland
 * Päijänne Tavastia, a modern region of Finland
 * Tavastia Club, a rock music club in Helsinki, Finland
 * MV Tavastland, a ship

title: Tavastia


text:
Stirling, South Australia

Stirling is a town in the Adelaide Hills, South Australia, approximately 15 km from the Adelaide city centre. It is administered by the Adelaide Hills Council. Neighbouring townships are Crafers and Aldgate. Other nearby towns are Heathfield and Bridgewater. Of those five, Stirling has by far the largest commercial strip, with the greatest number and widest variety of shops, and the only banks. Stirling East, a similar sized area towards Aldgate, is home to several schools.

History
Stirling is named after Edward Stirling. He was the illegitimate son of Archibald Stirling, a planter in the British West Indies, and a Creole woman. He was able to travel to South Australia because of a financial gift from his father who had been freshly compensated for his slaves on the emancipation of the British West Indies.

Founded in 1854, Stirling grew rapidly as a result of the expansion of apple growing and market gardening to satisfy the demand of the expanding city of Adelaide, whose centre is only 15 kilometres from Stirling. It also developed as a residential address for English migrants who could afford it, to escape Adelaide's hot summers, often 10 degrees cooler than Adelaide. As a result, many historic, grand mansions can be found in the area. Today, farming has declined as more of the region has been urbanised, with many Stirling residents commuting to Adelaide daily.

Vegetation
Many deciduous trees, particularly the maple, elm, oak and ash trees, have been imported from Europe and North America. These trees flourish in Stirling's wet and mild to cool climate and are a popular tourist attraction in the autumn months (April–May), bringing rich and vibrant autumn leaf colour to the town. Some Australian cities are too warm (even in the autumn and winter months) to accommodate and produce maple trees, but some temperate regions along the eastern coast and towns at higher altitudes flourish in colour during autumn, rivalling those in North America, Europe and Japan.

Other tourist sites include the nearby Mount Lofty Botanic Garden and Cleland National Park.

Climate
Stirling has a warm-summer Mediterranean climate (Köppen climate classification: Csb). Owing to its location near Mount Lofty, Stirling is the wettest place in South Australia, receiving an average of 1,107 millimetres (43.6 inches) of rain per year—more than twice the average of Adelaide. Between May and August, the average monthly rainfall is as high as 155 millimetres (over 6 inches), and in June 1916, over 450 millimetres fell. Mean summer temperatures are about 5 °C (9 °F) lower than in Adelaide, which may explain why Stirling was recommended as a desirable residence for English migrants and Adelaide's high society in the 20th century. Winters are distinctly cool particularly compared to Adelaide, with an average minimum of 4 °C (39 °F) and an average maximum of 11 °C (52 °F).

The Australian Bureau of Meteorology stopped the collection of weather data at Stirling from the 1980s onward. Weather recording instruments were removed from the grounds of Australia Post's Stirling office following a commercial dispute between these two Australian government organisations.

Government
Stirling is located in the state electorate of Heysen and in the federal Division of Mayo. The local council is the Adelaide Hills Council (formerly Stirling Council) in the Mt Lofty and Manoah wards.

Culture
A prominent landmark in Stirling is the historical Stirling Theatre, home to the Hills Musical Company, Stirling Players and Hills Youth Theatre. Stirling also has a strong affinity with books and has been referred to as South Australia's 'Book Village'. This relates to the close proximity of varied book venues Chapter Two Books, Matilda Bookshop, The Hut Book Shed and the Coventry Memorial Library.

Artistic community
Stirling has traditionally had a strong community of artists. Notable are abstract artist, Colin Russell Gardiner who was a former electrician and held many exhibitions in the 1970s and 1980s. Michael Plant Atchison OAM (4 August 1933 – 16 February 2009) was an Australian cartoonist who worked for the South Australian Advertiser for over 40 years.

Fire service
The Stirling community is protected from fire, road crash and hazardous materials by the Stirling Country Fire Service Volunteers. In 2006, the Adelaide Hills Council stepped up efforts to relocate the station to Crafers, against the wants of the volunteers. The council proposed the move in order to sell the land currently inhabited by the CFS station on Avenue Road, to fund a new library. However, in mid-2006 the council elected to sell the land the fire station was on to SAFECOM (South Australian Fire and Emergency Services Commission), which owns all Fire Service assets. The new library started construction anyway in early 2007, and it was completed the following year.

Transport
Stirling (Main Street) is very well serviced by public transport, with a 30min off-peak service to the city and nearby Mount Barker (routes and  ). During peak it is also service by routes and. Route operates nights and weekends only. For the east of Stirling, route operates to and from the city and route  operates to Crafers. Route also links Stirling to Carey Gully. For the West of Stirling (heading out towards Heathfield) routes and  operate via Avenue Road and Longwood Road, at peak times only with very limited interpeak services.

title: Stirling, South Australia


text:
Wikipedia:Peer review/Who Framed Roger Rabbit/archive1

Who Framed Roger Rabbit
Failed to become a featured article a while back, but is ready for a thurough peer review. --The_stuart 13:10, 26 July 2005 (UTC)
 * It would be nice to have a short discussion comparing the film and the book Who Censored Roger Rabbit?, which IIRC, was markedly different. -- Norvy (talk) 14:26, 26 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Plot is well written, but I think a few of the facts in parenthesis can be left out, mainly the parts about Eddie at the circus and General Motors streetcar conspiracy, or if you have source, instead of a see also, you can rewrite it to say the General Motors streetcar conspiracy was inspiration. Acclaim needs to be moved under Critiism since in this usage of the word both positive and negative comments are included. The negative comments in Criticism need sources, preferably in Note form. I find it hard to believe anyone would criticze the film because it used too much animation! Unless they are lazy animators who don't want the bar rasied and more work. So need sources about who said those complaints, (if they are just nitpicking fans mention it in the article)

 * I've heard the criticism from professional animators that much of the film is overanimated, that the characters just don't stop moving and make all sorts of arbitrary and,apparently, distracting moements. We'd probably need to find a reference for that, though. --FuriousFreddy 14:48, 3 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Yes, this wouldn't have a place with in the article without some sort of credible refrence, otherwise it is POV plain and simple. --The_stuart 15:10, 3 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Found them:  . --FuriousFreddy 19:26, 3 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Thats not much of a source (alot of things are said on internet forums), but if the "complaint" is kept in, I guess it would have to do. I still think the complaint is completely ridiculous, I mean too much animation! Maybe all animations should be done on threes? I guess all those extras in films distract the audience from the main charachters too. MechBrowman 19:48, August 3, 2005 (UTC)
 * Hell, why don't they just start using Syncro-Vox to cut down on all this destracting animation!--The_stuart 13:31, 5 August 2005 (UTC)

 * The complaint is that the animation is "floaty"; that is, the characters are always (as in "always") moving. In natural movement, people and things stop moving at some point, and hold a pose (moving only very slightly while holding that pose). In Disney's animated features, held cels are used, but traced back" for each frame so that the line shimmers and the character doesn't "freeze". But in Roger Rabbit, most of the principals are in a constant state of movement, particularly Roger: his ears spend the entire running time doing ballet patterns and otherwise "floating" in the air. The people on that forum (all animation professioals or students) feel like the superflous movement is distracting or bothersome. Mind you, though, I don't have a problem with it--I like the floaty ears!--FuriousFreddy 21:07, 3 August 2005 (UTC)

 * As far as the animation being always on ones (actually, the crowd animation in the final shot is done on twos--guess they ran out of money), some animated movements do indeed look better on twos; ones can tend to look too glossy at times.
 * Triva sections are always questionable. I recommend at the very least rewriting into something that is not lists, at the very most get rid of it and move the facts somewhere else and get rid of some of them. Guessing which real world road they are planning on making seems a little silly. The same goes for Errors. Significance should probably be renamed Influence. Finally, the article is missing information about the film's themes and production. When, where and how was the film made? A short paragraph about the adaptation from the book as mentioned by Norvy would work in Production, a list of differences should be avoided though.

 * I've copy edited the article a bit. Still, here are my comments:

 * 1) The "Cast, crew, and studio" section reads as a laundry list. So-and-so directed it. So-and-so wrote it. So-and-so composed the score. Give a credits list from IMDB, or make the section a bit less tiresome.
 * 2) I combined "Acclaim" and "Criticism" into one "Critical reaction" section.
 * 3) Though it is touched on in the article, some discussion of the Roger Rabbit marketing needs to be included. The animated short films were but one of many things; Disney tried to make Roger Rabbit into a character as beloved as Mickey and Donald.
 * 4) The comment about the film's finale being unimaginative is oddly placed and the parenthetical "Gray" looks to be a poorly implemented internal citation.
 * 5) The information in the "Trivla" section should be moved into the main article or scrapped. The bullets are interesting, but if something is too trivial to fit into a main section of an article, it doesn't need to be there. Some of the stuff about Jessica's crotch and Baby Herman's sexual gestures can be moved to "Critical reaction", for example, by discussing the reaction of watchdog groups of parental groups to the film.
 * 6) Speaking of Jessica's crotch, don't use weasel words. Is it her vagina that is visible? Is it her pubic hair? The term "private area (near her crotch)" tells next to nothing.
 * 7) This: "raising the question 'if it's on the VHS version too, why was only the laserdisc recalled, and if the new discs were reissued with the same flawed cel, why did they go through the trouble in the first place?'" -- is odd. It's just shy of POV, and it should probably be rephrased as a statement rather than a question.
 * 8) There is no need for a section on "Other films combining live action with animation". That should be its own article.
 * 9) Why does "Bozo the Clown" have a * by his name?
 * 10) I deleted the part about this film marking Bugs Bunny's and Daffy Duck's animation/live-action debuts. Daffy was in You Oughta Be in Pictures long before this, and Bugs appeared in My Dream Is Yours opposite Doris Day in 1949. BrianSmithson 16:24, 31 July 2005 (UTC)
 * The "(Gray)" thing was indeed a reference, poorly doen as it was, from when I had a problem with a user adding an original research criticism to the article, and added actual references that contained criticism. Bozo has a (*) by his name because he is an anachorism; I actually added that note and starred the other anachoristic characters on the list. --FuriousFreddy 14:46, 3 August 2005 (UTC)
 * (*puts on "Mr. Know-it-All" cap*, sorry :)) Actually, bugs appeared in Two Guys from Texas the year before he appeared in My Dream is Yours. --FuriousFreddy 21:35, 3 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Sure, but if I remember correctly, in that movie, he appears during a completely animated segment. :) BrianSmithson 11:57, 5 August 2005 (UTC)
 * I have a screen shot some where of the scene where Jessica reveals her womenly secret to the world, is it worth adding to this article?--The_stuart 15:10, 3 August 2005 (UTC)
 * I know Wikipedia is not censored for minors, but that might be a bit too much. --FuriousFreddy 19:26, 3 August 2005 (UTC)
 * You can incorporate the snopes article as a reference, which has screen shots.. IIRC, the laserdisc recall was due to the fact that one of the controversial frames was right at the beginning of a chapter, making it very easy to find, as opposed to the VHS, which didn't have a chapter index.  -- Norvy (talk) 20:27, 3 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Good article overall, but I agree, some discussion of the film versus the book (similarities, such as Baby Herman basically being taken whole cloth, but differences, such as a stronger emphasis in the book on toon/human segregation and Toon Town as a ghetto) would be useful. Also, I took the liberty of removing Bozo. I don't have the DVD handy to take screengrabs, but watch again. The clown is not Bozo, but *Koko* the clown. He can be glimpsed briefly outside Maroon Studios, in his usual black and white attire, but surfaces in the finale, now in color and with hair. He does look almost Bozo-esque there, but not entirely. I also added a couple of cameos (Mr. Toad and Marvin the Martian); I had a longer list somewhere, but can't locate it at present. Finally, I reworded a bit early on, about the film being the "last star turn" for voices from the Golden Age. The only performers for whom this was their final animation role were Mel Blanc, as mentioned, who died not long after, and Mae Questel (who would live for another decade, but without reprising Betty Boop). The other voice actors were either not from the Golden Age, or are still around, like June Foray. Also, it strikes me that perhaps there should probably be some mention of Stubby Kaye (Marvin Acme) in the article, as this was one of his last, notable film roles as well, but your call, or perhaps a refrence to the fact that Chuck Jones was credited as a consultant on the film (along with veteran Disney assistanty Walt Stanchfield, and Stan Green, former assistant to Milt Kahl who also worked with Ralph Bakshi). And one more anchronism, though not in character appearances per se: when Roger and Eddie are watching a Goofy short, the cartoon in question is Goofy Gymnastics from 1949. Just some thoughts. Aleal 06:57, 5 August 2005 (UTC)


text:
Kjetil Wæhler

Kjetil Wæhler (born 16 March 1976) is a Norwegian footballer who plays as a centre back.

Wæhler is currently without a club.

International career
As of December 2013, Kjetil Wæhler has been capped 32 times for Norway, scoring one goal. He made his debut against Switzerland on 17 August 2005. His first, and so far only, international goal came against South Africa, in a friendly match on 10 October 2009, a game Norway won 1–0.

Club

 * FK Lyn
 * Norwegian First Division: 1996

 * Vålerenga
 * Tippeligaen: 2005
 * Norwegian Football Cup: 2008

 * IFK Göteborg
 * Svenska Cupen: 2012–13

title: Kjetil Wæhler


text:
John Henry Blunt

John Henry Blunt (25 August 1823 in Chelsea – 11 April 1884 in London) was an English divine.

Life
Before going to the University College, Durham in 1850, he was for some years engaged in business as a manufacturing chemist. He was ordained in 1852 and took his M.A. degree in 1855, publishing in the same year a work on The Atonement. He held in succession several preferments, among them the vicarage of Kennington near Oxford (1868), which he vacated in 1873 for the crown living of Beverston in Gloucestershire.

In June 1882, his university made him a doctor of divinity. He died rather suddenly in London on 11 April 1884 (Good Friday), and was buried in Battersea cemetery.

Works
He became a voluminous writer in the fields of theology and ecclesiastical history, and had published among other works an annotated edition of the Prayer Book (1867), a History of the English Reformation (1868), a Book of Church Law (1872), A Key to the Knowledge and Use of the Holy Bible (1873), as well as a Dictionary of Doctrinal and Historical Theology (1870). The continuation of these labors was seen in a Dictionary of Sects and Heresies (1874), an Annotated Bible (3 vols., 1878–1879), and a Cyclopaedia of Religion (1884).
 * Dictionary of Sects, Heresies, Ecclesiastical Parties, and Schools of Religious Thought. Rivingtons, 1903.

title: John Henry Blunt


text:
UEFI Forum

UEFI Forum, Inc. is an alliance between technology companies to coordinate the development of the UEFI specifications. The board of directors includes representatives from twelve promoter companies: AMD, American Megatrends, ARM, Apple, Dell, Hewlett Packard Enterprise, HP Inc., Insyde Software, Intel, Lenovo, Microsoft, and Phoenix Technologies.

Overview
The non-profit corporation has assumed responsibility for the management and promotion of the Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) specification, a bootloader and runtime interface between platform firmware and an operating system. The original EFI specification was developed by Intel and was used as the starting point from which the UEFI version(s) were developed. The goal of the organization is to replace the aging PC BIOS.

In addition to the UEFI specification, the forum is responsible for a UEFI Platform Initialization (PI) specification, which addresses the firmware internal architecture as well as firmware-to-hardware interfaces. The forum also is responsible for Self-Certification Test suites, which defines conformance to the specifications that it defines.

In October 2013, the Advanced Configuration and Power Interface (ACPI) assets have also been transferred into the forum. The forum is responsible for the management and promotion of future ACPI specifications, which provides static tables at boot time and dynamic control methods as the primary runtime interfaces between the OS and system firmware for system configuration, power management and RAS (Reliability, Availability and Supportability) features. ACPI "Revision 5.0" is used as the starting point from which future ACPI version(s) will be developed.

Published specifications

 * UEFI Specification version 2.8, published March, 2019
 * UEFI Shell Specification version 2.2, published January 26, 2016
 * UEFI Platform Initialization Specification version 1.7, published January, 2019
 * UEFI Platform Initialization Distribution Packaging Specification version 1.1, published January, 2016
 * ACPI Specification version 6.4, published January 2021

Obsolete specifications

 * UEFI Specification version 2.0, 2.1, 2.2
 * UEFI Platform Initialization Specification version 1.0, 1.1

title: UEFI Forum


text:
List of Alfalfa Club members

The Alfalfa Club, founded in 1913, is an exclusive social organization, based in Washington, D.C., in the United States. The Club's only function is the holding of an annual banquet in honor of the birthday of Civil War Confederate General Robert E. Lee. Its members are composed mostly of American politicians and influential members of the business community, and have included several Presidents of the United States.

Presidents

 * George W. Bush
 * George H. W. Bush
 * Ronald Reagan
 * Gerald Ford
 * Richard Nixon
 * John F. Kennedy
 * Harry S. Truman
 * Joseph Biden Jr.

Vice Presidents

 * Dick Cheney
 * Dan Quayle
 * Walter Mondale
 * Nelson Rockefeller
 * Spiro Agnew

Secretaries of State

 * Mike Pompeo
 * John Kerry
 * Condoleezza Rice
 * Colin Powell
 * Madeleine Albright
 * James Baker III
 * George P. Shultz
 * Henry Kissinger
 * John Foster Dulles
 * Dean Acheson

Secretaries of Defense

 * Jim Mattis (current vice president of the club)
 * Robert Gates
 * Donald Rumsfeld
 * Neil McElroy
 * James R. Schlesinger

Other Cabinet Officials

 * Robert Mosbacher
 * Donna Shalala

Members of Congress

 * Lamar Alexander
 * Kelly Ayotte
 * Robert F. Bennett
 * Cory Booker
 * David Boren
 * Prescott Bush
 * Shelley Moore Capito
 * Christopher A. Coons
 * Tom Daschle
 * Debbie Dingell
 * Elizabeth Dole
 * David Dreier
 * Joni Ernst
 * Dianne Feinstein
 * Newt Gingrich
 * Barry Goldwater
 * Barry Goldwater, Jr.
 * Orrin Hatch
 * Tim Kaine
 * Jack Kemp
 * William Knowland
 * Joe Lieberman
 * John McCain
 * Kevin McCarthy
 * Claire McCaskill
 * Mitch McConnell
 * Daniel Patrick Moynihan
 * Ben Nelson
 * Rob Portman
 * Chuck Robb
 * Jay Rockefeller
 * Mitt Romney
 * Chuck Schumer
 * Mark Warner

Governors

 * Jeb Bush

Mayors

 * Michael Bloomberg

Supreme Court Justices

 * Stephen Breyer
 * Ruth Bader Ginsburg
 * William Rehnquist
 * Sandra Day O'Connor
 * Earl Warren
 * John Roberts
 * Anthony Kennedy

Judges

 * William T. Coleman, Jr.

Ambassadors

 * David M. Abshire
 * Richard Helms

Military Officials

 * Neil Armstrong
 * James Holloway III
 * David Charles Jones
 * Curtis LeMay
 * David Petraeus
 * William Westmoreland

FBI Directors

 * William S. Sessions

Federal Reserve Chairmen

 * Alan Greenspan

Business people

 * Brendan Bechtel, Bechtel CEO
 * Jeff Bezos, Amazon founder
 * Warren Buffett, Berkshire Hathaway CEO
 * Steve Case, AOL founder
 * Timothy C. Collins, finance
 * Michael Dell, Dell founder
 * Raul Fernandez, Proxicom founder
 * Steve Forbes, Forbes editor-in-chief
 * Bill Gates, Microsoft founder
 * Katharine Graham, Washington Post publisher
 * William Grayson, finance
 * Marillyn Hewson, Lockheed CEO
 * Walter Isaacson, Aspen Institute CEO, author
 * Jay L. Johnson, former Navy CNO and General Dynamics CEO
 * William B. Harrison Jr., JPMorgan Chase CEO
 * Bill Marriott, Marriott International CEO
 * Bill McSweeny, Occidental Petroleum President
 * Robert Mondavi, winemaker
 * Ross Perot, Electronic Data Systems founder
 * Russ Ramsey, founder
 * Catherine Reynolds, student loans, philanthropist
 * David Rubenstein, Carlyle Group co-founder, financier
 * Donald Thompson, McDonald's CEO
 * C. Bowdoin Train, finance
 * Jamie Dimon, CEO JPMorgan Chase and Co.
 * Chung Mong-joon, former CEO and the largest shareholder of HD Hyundai

Other

 * James A. Baker IV, lawyer
 * Clark Clifford, lawyer
 * Valerie Jarrett
 * Vernon Jordan Jr., lawyer
 * Arnold Palmer, golfer
 * Landon Parvin, writer
 * Richard Pearson

title: List of Alfalfa Club members


text:
Finland Proper (disambiguation)

Finland Proper is a province in south-western Finland, the city of Turku being the capital.

Finland Proper may also refer to:
 * Finland Proper (historical province), a historical province of the kingdom of Sweden with roughly the same area
 * Mainland Finland, Finland excluding the Åland islands

title: Finland Proper (disambiguation)


text: User talk:82.35.168.13

title: User talk:82.35.168.13


text:
Vance Astro

Vance Astro, born Vance Astrovik and going by the code name Major Victory, is a superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The character is usually depicted as being from the Earth-691 timeline of the Marvel Universe.

Astro first appeared in January 1969 as a founding member of the Guardians of the Galaxy in the partial reprint title Marvel Super-Heroes with issue #18.

Vance Astro is a mutant who possesses a psychokinetic ability, limited to projecting concussive blasts.

Publication history
Vance Astro first appeared as a founding member of the Guardians of the Galaxy. According to Roy Thomas, all of the Guardians of the Galaxy were created in a conference between Arnold Drake and Stan Lee, but it remains uncertain whether each individual character was created by Drake, Lee, or both. The Guardians of the Galaxy debuted in the partial reprint title Marvel Super-Heroes with issue #18 (Jan. 1969), written by Drake and penciled by Gene Colan. After five years' absence, he was revived in several Marvel titles: Marvel Two-In-One #4-5 (July-Sept. 1974), Giant Size Defenders #5, and The Defenders #26-29 (July-Nov. 1975), all written by Steve Gerber. In each case, other heroes such as Captain America, the Thing, and the Defenders aid Astro and the Guardians against the alien Badoon. The first story established that if Vance Astro's containment suit were breached, he would age 1,000 years in a second. This drew numerous queries from readers, and the letters page in Marvel Two-in-One #7 responded by stating that Vance feeds and defecates intravenously. The Guardians were also featured in Marvel Presents #3-12 (Feb. 1976-Aug. 1977), mostly by Gerber but concluded by Roger Stern.

This was followed by a series of appearances in Thor Annual #6 (1977), The Avengers #167-177 (Jan.-Nov. 1978) and #181 (March 1979), Marvel Team-Up #86 (Oct. 1979), and Marvel Two-in-One #69 (Nov. 1980). Marvel Two-in-One #69 effectively split Vance Astro into two characters, from alternate timelines: Vance Astro/Major Victory and Vance Astrovik/Marvel Boy.

In the 1990s, Astro starred in Guardians of the Galaxy, which ran for 62 issues. It was initially written and illustrated by Jim Valentino. Valentino still found Vance's containment suit a problem: "The containment suit made absolutely no sense any way you turned it. So I knew I wanted to get him out of it from the start, but I also knew it had to be a process. His relationship with Aleta, which was started very early on, was part of the process Vance had to go through. The suit, the romance, losing her, getting out of the suit, becoming the ersatz Captain America - all of it was Vance's arc on his way to becoming a hero and a leader. He had to become Major Victory before he could become Major Astro, but that's where he was heading."

Michael Gallagher commenced writing the title from issue #29 (Oct. 1992) until cancellation in July 1995.

Beginning with the second issue (June 2008) of Guardians of the Galaxy vol. 2, Astro joined a different team with the same name. He remained a member through the series' cancellation with issue 25 (April 2010), but the team disbanded after The Thanos Imperative (Dec 2010).

Vance Astro appeared along with the rest of the original Guardians of the Galaxy team in the 2014 series Guardians 3000. Writer Dan Abnett described him as "the inspirational spirit" of the team.

Project: Starjump
Vance Astrovik was born in Saugerties, New York, the only son of a small-town butcher Arnold Astrovik and his wife Norma. Going into the U.S. Air Force at the age of 18, Astrovik (who changed his name to Astro when he was 21) became the youngest man to be accepted into the astronaut training program several years later. In 1988, Astro volunteered for the first crewed interstellar mission ever conducted by the United States, Project: Starjump.

His ship, Odysseus I, was not equipped for faster-than-light speed; hence the journey to Earth's nearest interstellar neighbor, a planet in the Alpha Centauri system, would take about 10 centuries. To protect him from aging, Astro was covered with a skin-preserving copper alloy (which was upgraded with adamantium in the Guardians of the Galaxy series) body-suit, and his blood was transfused with a kind of preservative fluid. Astro was launched into space from the Houston Airport in the fall of 1988.

While on his way to Alpha Centauri, the ship automatically awoke him from his suspended animation in order for him to perform routine course adjustments. During the periods he was awake, sometimes for a year in duration, Astro eventually went insane from loneliness on several occasions, returning to a semblance of normality only after the ship automatically put him back in suspended animation again. During his long periods of sustained dream-state activities, Astro's latent psionic powers emerged. By the time he arrived on Centauri IV almost a thousand years later, he had full control over his psychokinetic abilities.

Arrival at Centauri IV and formation of the Guardians
Upon arrival, Astro learned that other humans had arrived at Centauri IV centuries earlier, having developed a faster-than-light drive since the time he left. Although they were unable to intercept his flight, the Centaurian people welcomed him as a hero. Upset at having sacrificed his life on Earth for no purpose, Astro was determined to carry out the mission to categorize the plant life he was assigned a millennium ago, even though it would now be superfluous. While engaged in a geophysical survey, he encountered Yondu, one of the humanoid natives of the planet, who attacked him, but he stopped it. He kept this secret, as it was illegal for this species to attack a colonist. When the alien Badoon launched an attack on Centauri IV, annihilating the human colony and methodically eradicating the natives, Astro and Yondu attempted to escape in Astro's ship. They were overtaken and transported to Earth, where the Badoon Leader used a device to look through Astro's mind and see his origin. There they escaped in the year 3007 A.D. and joined with two other survivors of Badoon's massacre, the last Jovian Charlie-27 and the last Plutonian Martinex to form the Guardians of the Galaxy, with himself as the leader. After liberating Earth, the Guardians set out on a random course across the galaxy, in the hopes of safeguarding freedom everywhere, and fight the Badoon conquest of Earth's solar system. It is later revealed Starhawk manipulated events to bring them together.

Return to the 20th century
Eight years later, Astro and the Guardians of the Galaxy time-traveled to the 20th century, and met the Defenders. The Guardians returned to 3015 A.D. with Starhawk and the Defenders to defeat a new Badoon invasion force.

Later, Astro and the Guardians teamed with the time-traveling Thor. They battled Korvac and his Minions of Menace. Astro then traveled to the present alongside his fellow Guardians, and assisted the Avengers in battle against Korvac.

Years later, on a trip to the present-day Marvel Universe, Astro encountered his younger self and convinced him not to join the USAF. He also accidentally awoke the younger Vance's telekinetic powers, ensuring the divergence. The younger Vance Astrovik would later join the New Warriors, first as Marvel Boy, then as Justice, and eventually became a member of the Avengers for a short time. (Because all of the Guardians of the Galaxy are honorary Avengers, Vance holds the distinction of being the only Avenger to appear twice in the roster—as himself, and as Justice.)

Quest for the Shield and release from containment suit
After returning to his own time, Astro became involved with his teammate Aleta after she was freed from her physical merger with her ex-husband Starhawk. Astro went on a quest to find the lost shield of Captain America. He battled Taserface and the Stark during the quest, and defeated the Stark. Then, after retrieving Captain America's shield, he was critically injured in a battle with a gang that based themselves on the Punisher. Vance was healed by Krugarr, Doctor Strange's former apprentice and the current Sorcerer Supreme, and was freed from his containment suit. He then adopted a costume similar to that of Captain America to go with the shield and took the name Major Victory.

Shortly thereafter, Krugarr's enchantment was removed, and Vance began to age rapidly. He was saved by a symbiotic costume, seemingly of the same species as Venom. However, it was later determined that it was not actually a life form, but engineered to respond to the wearer's biological state.

Discovery by Earth-616 Guardians
Vance is discovered encased in ice on the asteroid Hydronis by the new Guardians of the Galaxy team leader Star-Lord. Astro confirms his identity to the band of aliens and later converses with Mantis at the Guardians' home base, Knowhere. Mantis confirms to Star-Lord that Astro has been temporally displaced. The Guardians are then attacked by the Cardinals of the Universal Church of Truth.

Vance later joins this incarnation of the Guardians of the Galaxy and helps to rescue Peter Quill from Blastaar. He later joins Rocket Raccoon's team on their mission to stop the War of Kings. After Adam Warlock loses control and becomes Magus, Vance is killed when his shield is thrown back at him by Magus, opening his suit up and causing him to age rapidly. However, he is later seen to be alive, but in suspended animation and a prisoner of the Magus, along with Mantis, Phyla-Vell, Cosmo and Gamora. He later breaks free with the other Guardians (excluding Phyla-Vell - apparently slain by the revived Thanos), reuniting with the other half of the team. After Thanos is incapacitated by Star-Lord, Major Victory and all the other Guardians reunite in Knowhere. It's also revealed, during a council of the Guardians of All Galaxies - that reunites the Guardians of the whole Multiverse - that the Major Victory currently in Earth 616 is a time displaced one from an alternate, unidentified dimension. During this council, three other versions of Major Victory appear: one identical to the Earth-616 one with the original uniform, another with the symbiotic outfit of 1994-1995 and finally another with the pre-symbiotic costume appearance and the Captain America-themed uniform.

Vance later worked with a time-displaced Namorita to safeguard a mission into the 'Cancerverse', a realm threatening the known universe.

Powers and abilities
Vance Astro is a mutant who possesses the psionic ability of psychokinesis, the ability to affect matter with his mind. Vance's psionic powers can only be manifested as "psyche-blasts", focused psychokinetic blasts of explosive concussive force, which can disrupt the synapses in the minds of any living being they strike. He can focus the energy at will, creating anything from a narrow 2 in beam to a 360 degree expanding sphere of force. Over time, Vance has shown some marginal improvement of the control of his psychokinesis, such as generating small psionic pulses to slow the descent of falling people, or gentle psychic bursts to move objects forwards or backwards (all without inflicting any damage on the people or objects). Vance can only employ his psionic powers at maximum exertion for about a half-hour before suffering mental fatigue, after which he must replenish his store of psionic energy. During the time when he carried Captain America's shield in combat, he would use his power to propel the shield and manipulate its flight path, simulating the Captain's use of the shield as a throwing weapon. Going by the code name Hollywood, a 1,000-year-old Simon Williams's helped to augment all of Astro's abilities by a transfusion of Williams's ionically enhanced blood.

Astro is often seen wearing a copper alloy bodysuit, which preserved his body on his 1,000-year journey through space, and prevents his body from decaying when exposed to air. Vance's dependency on his suit was cured by a spell by Krugarr and the blood transfusion from Hollywood, though he wears a similar full-body suit to this day.

Astro is an above average athlete and an excellent hand-to-hand combatant, having received unarmed combat training in the U.S. Air Force in the 20th century. Vance is also an excellent starship pilot and astronaut, and a superb leader and strategist.

Accolades

 * In 2018, CBR.com ranked Vance Astro 3rd in their "Guardians of the Galaxy Members Through the Years" list.
 * In 2020, CBR.com ranked Vance Astro 2nd in their "10 Of The Most Powerful Original Guardians Of The Galaxy Members" list.

In other media

 * Major Vance Astro was added to the board game HeroClix in 2013 after winning a fan poll in 2012.
 * Vance Astro appears as a playable character in Lego Marvel Super Heroes 2 as part of the Classic Guardians of the Galaxy DLC pack.

title: Vance Astro


text:
Richard Tomkins

Richard Tomkins, born 4 September 1952, was a senior writer and commentator on the staff of the Financial Times. He took early retirement in 2009, after 25 years on the newspaper.

History
Richard Tomkins attended King Edward's School in Birmingham. Before joining the Financial Times, he spent five years in the Civil Service, three of them as assistant private secretary to a government minister; left to travel the world; and served a three-year apprenticeship with his local newspaper, the Walsall Observer.

At the Financial Times, Tomkins was a columnist, writing a weekly column on consumer culture, and also wrote occasional editorial comments, known as leaders. From 1993 to 1999, he was a member of the FT's New York bureau at a time when the newspaper was undertaking a rapid expansion in the US.

During his years at the Financial Times, Tomkins won all three of what were then the top awards in British journalism. In 1991, with other members of a reporting team at the FT, he was jointly named Reporter of the Year in the British Press Awards for his part in investigating the collapse of the Bank of Credit and Commerce International. In 2003 he was named Business Journalist of the Year in the Business Journalist of the Year Awards. In 2007, he was awarded the £10,000 David Watt Prize for outstanding political journalism for a feature on globalisation and its effects on the living standards of employees in the west.

In his last years on the Financial Times, Tomkins was chief feature writer, writing mainly for the FT Magazine.

title: Richard Tomkins


text:
Talk:Celeborn

Death
Didnt he die in the movie? --172.164.25.152 05:37, 3 June 2006 (UTC)
 * No. You may be thinking of Haldir. TCC (talk) (contribs) 07:52, 3 June 2006 (UTC)

A slight edition needed, maybe?
He is the father of Celebrían, the wife of Elrond, and thus the grandfather of Arwen Evenstar and her older brothers Elladan and Elrohir. I'm not entirely sure about this, but doesn't that mean Celeborn is the father of Celebrian and the wife of Elrond? :D

If this is an error, please fix it. My native language isn't English so... —Preceding unsigned comment added by 91.154.52.137 (talk) 10:52, 9 July 2008 (UTC)

 * This is perfectly correct English since the part the wife of Elrond (the correct grammar term eludes me right now) belongs to Celebrian, not He.--Fogeltje (talk) 19:51, 9 July 2008 (UTC)

 * Okay, thanks. --91.154.52.137 (talk) 19:51, 20 July 2008 (UTC)

And actually, he is related to Thingol because he is the son of Galadhon, son of Elmo, brother of Olwë and Elwë, according to Christopher Tolkien in his "Unfinished Tales". — Preceding unsigned comment added by 189.136.166.11 (talk) 22:43, 1 September 2012 (UTC)

Silver?
I have checked various sites and whatnots, but I still can't grasp what his haircolour is. "Silver" is either a reference to platinum blond, or actually grey-ish white. Anyone got sources or anything that could shed some light on this? Hackeru (talk) 21:23, 12 August 2008 (UTC)

 * Silver is silver. Self explanatory.  But this article is very poorly written, and much of the speculation it contains is simply wrong.  Celeborn did not 'call the White Council to Middle-earth,' the information abut the character's origin in the Legendarium is garbled, the 'box' containing info at the end is wrong (East Lorien was not abandoned, etc.), and various other problems are present--  and that's just after a quick read!  This is really a mess and needs serious revision and clean-up. 222.230.128.44 (talk) 11:40, 29 March 2012 (UTC)TexxasFinn

 * I've edited out (at least some of) the OR -- Elphion (talk) 01:44, 2 September 2012 (UTC)

title: Talk:Celeborn


text:
Academic clinical trial

An academic clinical trial is a clinical trial not funded by pharmaceutical or biotechnology company for commercial ends but by public-good agencies (usually universities or medical trusts) to advance medicine. These trials are a valuable component of the health care system; they benefit patients and help determine the safety and efficacy of drugs and devices, and play an important role in the checks and balances that regular commercially oriented clinical trials.

A typical area of academic clinical trials is the advancement and optimization of already existing therapies. Thus, academic clinical trials may for instance test how a combination of registered drugs may improve treatment outcomes; or they may apply registered treatments in additional, less frequent indications. Such research questions are not a primary focus of for-profit companies, and thus these trials are typically initiated by individual investigators or academic research organizations.

There are many different organizations which have an interest in academic clinical trials and facilitate or take part in their conduct. These organizations include:
 * Hospitals, universities, researchers and institutions who view trials as a source of income and prestige, and receive private, charitable and governmental funding.
 * Pharmaceutical or biotech companies who view the development and commercialization of treatments as their business.
 * Regulators who wish to ensure treatments are safe and work effectively.
 * Patients and patients' organizations and associations who want faster access to advanced treatments.

Academic clinical trials are run at academic sites, such as medical schools, academic hospitals, and universities; and non-academic sites which may be managed by so-called site management organizations (SMOs). Site management organizations are for-profit organizations which enlist and manage the physician practice sites that actually recruit and follow patients enrolled in clinical trials. In some cases, academic members participate in clinical trials as members of SMOs.

title: Academic clinical trial