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Lambda Rising

Lambda Rising was an LGBT bookstore that operated from 1974 to 2010 in Washington, D.C.

Founded by Deacon Maccubbin in 1974 with 250 titles, it was known for its wide selection of books, ranging from queer theory and religion to erotica, as well as DVDs, music CDs and gifts.

History
The bookstore originally was located in 300 sqft at 1724 20th Street NW. It moved to a 900 sqft retail space at 2001 S Street NW in 1979 and, in 1984, moved to a 4,800 sqft space at 1625 Connecticut Ave NW Connecticut Avenue in Dupont Circle, one of Washington's neighborhoods popular among the gay and lesbian community.

A second store in Baltimore, Maryland, believed by the Baltimore Sun to be the only gay bookstore in Maryland, opened in 1984 and closed in the spring of 2008. Film director John Waters declared that store's closing "very, very sad". Waters, a long-time customer, said the Baltimore shop was "a seriously good bookshop, with the added touch of porno...I always went in there to find books that I didn't know about and couldn't find anywhere else." A third store in Rehoboth Beach, Delaware opened in 1991 and closed in December 2009.

A fourth store in Norfolk, Virginia opened in 1996 and closed in June 2007.

In February 1975, Lambda Rising ran the world's first gay-oriented television commercial; it aired on WRC (owned by NBC) and WTOP (the local CBS affiliate, now WUSA). Also in 1975, Lambda Rising organized Gay Pride Day, the forerunner to Capital Pride, Washington's first annual gay pride celebration, and continued to host the event for the next four years and then turned it over to a non-profit organization.

To support LGBT literature, Lambda Rising created the Lambda Book Report in 1987 and the annual Lambda Literary Award, also known as "the Lammys", in 1989. In 1996, Lambda Rising turned those projects over to the new non-profit Lambda Literary Foundation.

In February 2003, Lambda Rising bought the Oscar Wilde Bookshop, the country's first gay and lesbian bookstore, to prevent it from closing. The store was founded by Craig Rodwell in 1967 at 291 Mercer Street in Greenwich Village, later moving to 15 Christopher Street, opposite Gay Street in Manhattan. After working with the New York City staff for three years and getting the store on solid financial footing, Lambda Rising sold the store to the long-time manager in order to return the store to local control.

In December 2009, Maccubbin announced that Lambda Rising's two stores would close by January 2010. In his statement, Maccubbin said

"The phrase 'mission accomplished' has gotten a bad rap in recent years, but in this case, it certainly applies.

When we set out to establish Lambda Rising in 1974, it was intended as a demonstration of the demand for gay and lesbian literature. We thought...we could encourage the writing and publishing of LGBT books, and sooner or later other bookstores would put those books on their own shelves and there would be less need for a specifically gay and lesbian bookstore. Today, 35 years later, nearly every general bookstore carries LGBT books.

We said when we opened it: Our goal is to show there's a market for LGBT literature, to show authors they should be writing this literature, to show publishers they should be publishing it, and bookstores they should be carrying it. And if we're successful, there will no longer be a need for a specialty gay and lesbian book store because every bookstore will be carrying them. And 35 years later, that's what happened. We call that mission accomplished."

Facing competition with online book stores, the store closed its doors on December 31, 2010. It was part of a spate of LGBT brick and mortar bookstores closures in the early 21st century, including the Oscar Wilde Bookshop in New York and A Different Light in Los Angeles and San Francisco.

title: Lambda Rising


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Puttymen

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete. Dmcdevit·t 23:22, July 30, 2005 (UTC)

Puttymen & Image:Putty.6.gif and Image:PR2-KZW3.GIF
8 hits in google, looks like a prank. Also the images if VfD:d Feydey 22:59, 20 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete notability not established. JamesBurns 08:37, 21 July 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


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Royal Insurance Building, Liverpool

The Aloft Liverpool Hotel, formerly the Royal Insurance Building, is a historic building located at 1-9 North John Street, Liverpool, Merseyside, England. It was built as the head office of the Royal Insurance company.

History
The building was constructed between 1896 and 1903 as the head office of the Royal Insurance Company (Since 1996 part of the ″RSA Insurance Group″). The design was the result of a competition won by James F. Doyle in 1895. The assessor for the competition was Norman Shaw, who was retained as an advisory architect for the project, but it is uncertain what part he played in it. The building is constructed around a steel frame and is the earliest example of this type of construction in the United Kingdom. It ceased to be used by the late 1980s, and its condition deteriorated so much that it was placed on the Buildings at Risk Register of English Heritage.

In 2013 its freehold was bought by Liverpool City Council, and it was converted it into a hotel. It opened as the Aloft Liverpool Hotel on 29 October 2014. At the 20 years of the register, the renovation of the Royal Insurance Building was named as one of the successful rescues.

In 2021, Fragrance Group, a Singapore-based property business, bought the property together with the freehold title and continued to operate the hotel as Aloft Hotel by Marriott.

Architecture
Constructed around a steel frame, the building is in Portland stone, with a granite basement and ground floor. Its architecture is described as "sumptuous Neo-Baroque on the grandest scale". The building is in four storeys with a basement and an attic. Its long front on North John Street has eleven bays, with three bays on Dale Street. The ground floor and basement are rusticated. The windows are three-light sash windows with round heads. Those on the first floor have Gibbs surrounds and iron balconies. In the second and third floors the windows are recessed behind a Doric colonnade and entablature. In the attic are dormers. Some of these have architraves, keystones, and either segmental or triangular pediments; the others are flat-topped and contain casement windows. The entrance is on the second bay from the left in North John Street. The doorway has Doric columns and is round-headed. The first floor contains a round-headed window surrounded by a portico with a broken segmental pediment containing carved figures. Above this bay rises a three-stage campanile bearing an octagonal cupola with a gilded dome. On the Dale Street façade is a Venetian window. The second floor contains a frieze designed by C. J. Allen depicting themes relating to insurance. At the corners of this front are octagonal turrets with cupolas and finials. Between the turrets at attic level are three round-headed windows with rusticated Ionic pilasters, an entablature, and an iron balcony.

The interior contains the former General Office on the ground floor which, because of the steel frame, is free from any columns. Above this, the former Board Room has a tunnel vault. Both rooms are decorated with stucco in 17th-century style. The building is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II* listed building.

There is an earlier Royal Insurance Building, dating from 1839, in nearby Queen Avenue, also Grade II* listed.

title: Royal Insurance Building, Liverpool


text: Template:Bridges of Metro Vancouver

title: Template:Bridges of Metro Vancouver


text:
Talk:Steve Perry

Vocals on Journey's Next album’s title track
This might sound like a really strange question. I mean, everyone knows that Perry was brought in for the Infinity album. I’ve known the Next album since it was released, but lately I’ve become convinced that both he and Greg Rolie are singing on the title track. There seem to be two voices on it, and for one of them, the vocalisation is Perry all over. There’s a YouTube post of the band (with Perry) performing the track live, in 1978, and the vocals sound very similar to the recorded work. https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=LruCzETf0mk If anyone knows the answer or has a link…(I’ve spent a long time searching)  Boscaswell   talk  05:07, 25 January 2023 (UTC)

 * I verified the printed credits (there are several pictures of the record's innersleeve on Discogs), and they all confirm that Gregg Rolie and Neal Schon share lead vocals on the album, while Ross Valory provides background vocals. For Next, Gregg obviously handles lead vocals, and for me, it can only be one of the three previously mentioned on background vocals, most likely Ross. 2A02:8429:515A:CE01:31C7:9A33:1B7A:753E (talk) 16:30, 3 June 2024 (UTC)

Sherry
How long did Steve perry date sherry 2601:1C2:580:17A0:3000:54A7:423A:19C9 (talk) 23:41, 13 May 2023 (UTC)

 * They dated for 6 yrs, from 1980 to 1986. AngelNelz (talk) 10:04, 6 September 2023 (UTC)

My favorite Wheel in the Sky 2601:601:510:E5CD:99F1:7F53:F27A:2376 (talk) 07:03, 7 May 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Steve Perry


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British Naturism

British Naturism (until 2009, Central Council for British Naturism) is a members organisation with both individual and organisation members. It promotes naturism in the United Kingdom, and it is recognised by the International Naturist Federation as the official national naturist organisation in that country.

Definition
According to non-statutory guidance issued by the Crown Prosecution Service—

"Naturism is used to describe the activities of persons who espouse nudity as part of their lifestyle. Whilst many naturists will restrict their activities to specially designated areas and/or places where there is a tradition of naked activity, such as nudist beaches, others may wish to enjoy nudity more widely."

According to the guidance a balance is to be struck between the naturist's right to freedom of expression and the right of the wider public to be protected from harassment, alarm and distress.

As a member of the International Naturist Federation, British Naturism adopted the 1974 Declaration Agde that states that naturism is:"a way of life in harmony with nature, characterised by the practice of communal nudity with the intention of encouraging self-respect, respect for others and for the environment."

History
British Naturism traces its origins to 1891 when a short lived society called the "Fellowship for the Naked Trust" was formed in British India. This trust had ideals and principles very similar to many later organisations.

The Camp
The Camp was the first naturist club to be established in the United Kingdom. It was set up by someone known only as Moonella and existed at a country house near Wickford in Essex between 1924 and 1927. It was later replaced by a new venue called "The New Camp" near St Albans. This and several others were able to form the British Sun Bathers Association in 1943.

English Gymnosophical Society
Harold Booth published articles pertaining to naturism in many magazines at the turn of the century, and in 1922 the English Gymnosophical Society (EGS) was formed as a direct result of his work. It had a site in Wickford, Essex, which it used during the summer, and in winter it held meetings in London. By 1926 the EGS was renamed the New Gymnosophy Society and had a site at Bricket Wood, Hertfordshire which has subsequently been used by many different clubs.

The oldest club still in operation is Spielplatz which was founded in 1929 by Charles Macaskie and his wife Dorothy. It consists of 12 acres (4.9 ha) located in the village of Bricket Wood, in the English county of Hertfordshire.

Concurrent to this, naturism was also practised at the Welsh Harp in Hendon, apparently from as early as 1921. From this sprang the National Sun and Air Association which ran national advertisement campaigns, as well as running a gymnasium in Westbourne Grove, London. By 1937, membership of this society was running at over 2000.

British Sun Bathers Association
In 1943 the British Sun Bathers Association (BSBA) was formed and became recognised as a national federation of clubs, which by 1951 had 51 member clubs or groups. However, by 1953, personal and ideological differences led to the formation of the rival Federation of British Sun Clubs (FBSC).

British Naturism (formerly CCBN)
Both organisations existed until their merger in 1964 to create the Central Council for British Naturism (CCBN). By 2006, CCBN was usually referred to as 'British Naturism' but officially changed the name to 'British Naturism' at the 2009 AGM. In 2022 it claimed a membership of about 9,000.

Milestones

 * 1957 - Naturist films shown in cinemas.
 * 1958 - International Naturist Federation congress in Britain.
 * 1965 - The hire of public baths for naturist swimming began.
 * 1970 - International Naturist Federation congress in Britain.
 * 1978 - International Naturist Federation congress in Britain, and the setting aside of officially designated naturist beaches.
 * 2003 - Parliament repeals all offences that explicitly make nudity an offence.
 * 2007 - Parliament repeals the enabling power for councils to make bye-laws regulating standards of clothing to be worn for bathing.
 * 2012 - First British Naturism National Convention held at Ilam Hall Youth Hostel
 * 2013 - Second British Naturism National Convention held at Yarnfield Park, Staffordshire
 * 2016 - Third British Naturism National Convention held at the Melville Hotel, Blackpool, from 14 to 16 October
 * 2017 - Fourth British Naturism National Convention held at The Studio Venue, Birmingham, from 7 to 8 October
 * 2018 - Fifth British Naturism National Convention held at The Studio Venue, Birmingham, from 6 to 7 October
 * 2020 - British Naturism hosted the first online Global Naturism Forum using the Zoom videoconferencing platform, 14–15 October

Campaigns
British Naturism has sought legal and political protection against discrimination for naturists in the United Kingdom, where an opinion poll in 2008 estimated the number of people describing themselves as naturist or nudist at 3.7 million. It also runs public facing campaigns, including Women in Naturism, which supports and encourages women to try naturist activities, Bare all for polar bears which seeks to raise money for environmental conservation and The Great British Skinny Dip, which encourages costume free swimming events to be run, not just by naturist clubs, but also public pools, spas, lidos and natural settings such as lakes. During the pandemic in 2020 British Naturism sought to build interest in naturism though a series of online events, including a public-facing charity event entitled "The Great British Take-off". In 2023 they appointed Helen Berriman as Women's Officer and later that year she launched their first podcast, Women in Focus which proclaims to be "dedicated to celebrating and empowering women through naturism".

In April 2018, British Naturism announced that in discussion with the senior officer at the police college a mutually satisfactory solution was reached, and the resultant preamble and "decision tree" for dealing with complaints about public nudity has been uploaded to the Police Training manuals. British Naturism argues that Naturism is protected as a philosophical belief under the Equality Act 2010. The Crown Prosecution Service issued guidance in 2013 updated in 2019, which, among other things, confirms that section 5 of the Public Order Act 1986 is unlikely to apply in cases of passive nudity. Serving police officers now have advice online and in their training manual. Using nudity for "intentional harassment, alarm or distress" remains an offence under section 4A of the Public Order Act 1986.

title: British Naturism


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User talk:F. X. Leyendecker

Welcome!

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, please be sure to sign your name on Talk and vote pages using four tildes (~~~~) to produce your name and the current date, or three tildes (~~~) for just your name. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my Talk page. Again, welcome! Shimgray 23:01, 20 July 2005 (UTC)
 * The Five Pillars of Wikipedia
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 * Editing, policy, conduct, and structure tutorial
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 * If you're ready for the complete list of Wikipedia documentation, there's also Topical index.

title: User talk:F. X. Leyendecker


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Phenmetrazine

Phenmetrazine (INN, USAN, BAN) (brand name Preludin, and many others) is a stimulant drug first synthesized in 1952 and originally used as an appetite suppressant, but withdrawn from the market in the 1980s due to widespread abuse. It was initially replaced by its analogue phendimetrazine (under the brand name Prelu-2) which functions as a prodrug to phenmetrazine, but now it is rarely prescribed, due to concerns of abuse and addiction. Chemically, phenmetrazine is a substituted amphetamine containing a morpholine ring.

History
Phenmetrazine was first patented in Germany in 1952 by Boehringer-Ingelheim, with some pharmacological data published in 1954. It was the result of a search by Thomä and Wick for an anorectic drug without the side-effects of amphetamine. Phenmetrazine was introduced into clinical use in 1954 in Europe.

Medical use
In clinical use, phenmetrazine produces less nervousness, hyperexcitability, euphoria and insomnia than drugs of the amphetamine family. It tends not to increase heart rate as much as other stimulants. Due to the relative lack of side effects, one study found it well tolerated in children. In a study of the effectiveness on weight loss between phenmetrazine and dextroamphetamine, phenmetrazine was found to be slightly more effective.

Pharmacology
Phenmetrazine acts as a releasing agent of norepinephrine and dopamine with EC50 values of 50.4 ± 5.4 nM and 131 ± 11 nM, respectively. It has negligible efficacy as a releaser of serotonin, with an EC50 value of only 7,765 ± 610 nM.

After an oral dose, about 70% of the drug is excreted from the body within 24 hours. About 19% of that is excreted as the unmetabolised drug and the rest as various metabolites.

In trials performed on rats, it has been found that after subcutaneous administration of phenmetrazine, both optical isomers are equally effective in reducing food intake, but in oral administration the levo isomer is more effective. In terms of central stimulation however, the dextro isomer is about 4 times as effective in both methods of administration.

The salt which has been used for immediate-release formulations is phenmetrazine hydrochloride (Preludin). Sustained-release formulations were available as resin-bound, rather than soluble, salts. Both of these dosage forms share a similar bioavailability as well as time to peak onset, however, sustained-release formulations offer improved pharmacokinetics with a steady release of active ingredient which results in a lower peak concentration in blood plasma.

Synthesis
Phenmetrazine can be synthesized in three steps from 2-bromopropiophenone and ethanolamine. The intermediate alcohol 3-methyl-2-phenylmorpholin-2-ol (1) is converted to a fumarate salt (2) with fumaric acid, then reduced with sodium borohydride to give phenmetrazine free base (3). The free base can be converted to the fumarate salt (4) by reaction with fumaric acid.

Chemistry
Its structure incorporates the backbone of amphetamine, the prototypical CNS stimulant which, like phenmetrazine, is a releasing agent of dopamine and norepinephrine. The molecule also loosely resembles ethcathinone, the active metabolite of popular anorectic amfepramone (diethylpropion). Unlike phenmetrazine, ethcathinone (and therefore amfepramone as well) are mostly selective as noradrenaline releasing agents.

Recreational use
Phenmetrazine has been used recreationally in many countries, including Sweden. When stimulant use first became prevalent in Sweden in the 1950s, phenmetrazine was preferred to amphetamine and methamphetamine by users. In the autobiographical novel Rush by Kim Wozencraft, intravenous phenmetrazine is described as the most euphoric and pro-sexual of the stimulants the author used.

Phenmetrazine was classified as a narcotic in Sweden in 1959, and was taken completely off the market in 1965. At first the illegal demand was satisfied by smuggling from Germany, and later Spain and Italy. At first, Preludin tablets were smuggled, but soon the smugglers started bringing in raw phenmetrazine powder. Eventually amphetamine became the dominant stimulant of abuse because of its greater availability.

Phenmetrazine was taken by the Beatles early in their career. Paul McCartney was one known user. McCartney's introduction to drugs started in Hamburg, Germany. The Beatles had to play for hours, and they were often given the drug (referred to as Prellies) by the maid who cleaned their housing arrangements, German customers, or by Astrid Kirchherr (whose mother bought them). McCartney would usually take one, but John Lennon would often take four or five. Hunter Davies asserted, in his 1968 biography of the band, that their use of such stimulants then was in response to their need to stay awake and keep working, rather than a simple desire for kicks.

Jack Ruby said he was on phenmetrazine at the time he killed Lee Harvey Oswald.

Preludin was also used recreationally in the US throughout the 1960s and 1970s. It could be crushed up in water, heated and injected. The street name for the drug in Washington, DC was "Bam". Phenmetrazine continues to be used and abused around the world, in countries including South Korea.

title: Phenmetrazine


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1996 Tour de France

The 1996 Tour de France was the 83rd edition of the Tour de France, starting on 29 June and ending on 21 July, featuring 19 regular stages, 2 individual time trials, a prologue and a rest day (10 July). It was won by Danish rider Bjarne Riis.

This Tour was noted by the "fall" of favourite Miguel Induráin, ending his record run of five consecutive victories. The course included a stage through his home town Villava, however he suffered a bronchitis because of the poor weather in the first week, and was fined and penalised for accepting drinks illegally. Indurain started to lose time in stage 7, and finally ended 11th failing to win a single stage or spend one day in the yellow jersey.

Stage 9 was scheduled to be a 176 kilometre ride from Val-d'Isère to Sestriere. However, due to appalling weather conditions, including snow, the organisers cut the stage to just 46 km. Bjarne Riis won the stage and opened a crucial 44 second gap over Telekom teammate Jan Ullrich. Ullrich, only 22, really broke through in this Tour, and won the individual time trial of stage 20.

Over a decade after the race, several riders with Team Telekom confessed to doping offences around the period of the 1996 tour, including support riders Rolf Aldag, Udo Bölts, Christian Henn and Brian Holm and team masseur Jef d'Hont has admitted in his autobiography that there was organised use of EPO in the team. On 24 May 2007, Erik Zabel admitted to using EPO during the first week of the race. The winner of the Tour, Bjarne Riis, admitted on 25 May 2007 that he also used EPO during the Tour, as a result was asked by the International Cycling Union (UCI) to return the yellow jersey he received. So far, runner-up Jan Ullrich, who has been under suspicion of doping as a part of the Operación Puerto doping case, has not commented on allegations that he also used EPO. Third place Richard Virenque and fourth place Laurent Dufaux were implicated in the 1998 Festina scandal.

UCI lawyer Philippe Verbiest stated in 2007 that the statute of limitations for removing Riis as winner of the Tour de France had expired, "you cannot strip him of the title but it is possible not to mention it anymore ... Because of what he admitted, he is not the winner of the Tour de France.  Riis did not win." At the same time tour spokesman Philippe Sudres stated that: "We consider philosophically that he can no longer claim to have won." In 2007, Riis' victory was removed from the Tour de France, yet in 2008 they listed Riis as winner of Tour de France 1996, albeit with a remark about his confession.

Teams
The 18 teams on top of the UCI rankings at the start of 1996 automatically qualified for the Tour. Four wildcards were given, for a total of 22 teams.

The teams entering the race were:

Qualified teams

Invited teams

Route and stages
The highest point of elevation in the race was 2035 m at the summit of the Sestriere climb on stage 9.

Race overview
The prologue was won by Alex Zülle two seconds ahead of specialist Chris Boardman as overall contenders Bjarne Riis and Miguel Induráin came in sixth and seventh respectively. Zulle held onto the yellow jersey through the first few flat stages but in stage 4 a half dozen riders not in overall contention escaped in a breakaway and stayed away finishing several minutes ahead of the main field putting Stéphane Heulot in the yellow jersey for a few days.

Stage six was an intermediate stage run in terrible weather conditions and was won by Dutchman Michael Boogerd. The inclement weather caused well over a dozen riders to abandon the race including Lance Armstrong who merely thought he was sick from riding in the rainy, cold weather as most of the other riders who abandoned were, but within a few months he would be diagnosed with the cancer that nearly killed him.

As the Tour entered the Alps there was a mountain ITT in stage eight which was won by Evgeni Berzin, whom had seized the lead in the overall classification following stage seven. In the time trial he finished more than thirty seconds better than Riis and gained just over a minute on Indurain, Tony Rominger and debutant Jan Ullrich who was having an impressive start to his first Tour.

Stage nine was a mountain stage that was shortened due to foul weather and was won by Riis, who in the process took enough time to put himself into yellow. He would maintain a narrow lead over the next several stages and by the time the race reached the Pyrenees Abraham Olano was in second just under a minute behind with Berzin in third, Rominger in fourth, Riis’ teammate Ullrich in fifth and five-time defending champion Miguel Induráin struggling to stay in the top ten nearly 5:00 back. During stage sixteen Riis made a number of false attacks, even falling back and feigning exhaustion to get a look at Indurain, Rominger, Luttenberger, Virenque, Dufaux, Leblanc and Olano to read their faces before finally launching an attack on the Hautacam. He put close to a minute into most of the elite riders and beyond that into everybody else effectively winning the Tour and putting it beyond doubt that Indurain would not win his sixth tour.

Stage seventeen was won by Laurent Dufaux who in the process moved into fourth place overall, but Riis finished in the same time. A group of eight riders dropped the rest of the field in this stage and as a result Riis distanced himself from all of his rivals with his own teammate Ullrich moving into second overall and Richard Virenque moving into third place overall.

Stage nineteen ITT was the last opportunity for major changes to be made in the general classification and the stage was won by Ullrich who finished nearly a minute ahead of second-placed Indurain who had completely dominated Individual Times Trials at the Tour de France for the previous several years. Riis had plenty of time to spare and was 1:41 ahead of his teammate Ullrich in the General Classification. Richard Virenque rounded out the podium also winning the mountains classification.

Even though rider admissions and investigations in the subsequent years showed that Tours during this time period were undoubtedly tainted by doping 1996 winner Riis, 1997 winner Ullrich and 1998 winner Marco Pantani all officially retain their Tour victories. Pantani died just a few years after his Tour victory, as a result of mental health issues resulting from constant attacks from the press and Ullrich had some results voided later in his career, but his four 2nd-place finishes to Lance Armstrong and his 1996 2nd place to Riis remain on his record.

Classification leadership and minor prizes
There were several classifications in the 1996 Tour de France. The most important was the general classification, calculated by adding each cyclist's finishing times on each stage. The cyclist with the least accumulated time was the race leader, identified by the yellow jersey; the winner of this classification is considered the winner of the Tour.

Additionally, there was a points classification, which awarded a green jersey. In the points classification, cyclists got points for finishing among the best in a stage finish, or in intermediate sprints. The cyclist with the most points lead the classification, and was identified with a green jersey.

There was also a mountains classification. The organisation had categorised some climbs as either hors catégorie, first, second, third, or fourth-category; points for this classification were won by the first cyclists that reached the top of these climbs first, with more points available for the higher-categorised climbs. The cyclist with the most points lead the classification, and wore a white jersey with red polka dots.

The fourth individual classification was the young rider classification, which was not marked by a jersey. This was decided the same way as the general classification, but only riders under 26 years were eligible.

For the team classification, the times of the best three cyclists per team on each stage were added; the leading team was the team with the lowest total time.

In addition, there was a combativity award given after each mass-start stage to the cyclist considered most combative. The decision was made by a jury composed of journalists who gave points. The cyclist with the most points from votes in all stages led the combativity classification. Richard Virenque won this classification, and was given overall the super-combativity award. The Souvenir Henri Desgrange was given in honour of Tour founder Henri Desgrange to the first rider to pass the summit of the Col d'Aubisque on stage 17. This prize was won by Neil Stephens.

 * In stage 1, Chris Boardman wore the green jersey.

title: 1996 Tour de France


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Crown of Scotland

The Crown of Scotland (Croun o Scotland, Crùn na h-Alba) is the centrepiece of the Honours of Scotland. It is the crown that was used at the coronation of the monarchs of Scotland, and it is the oldest surviving crown in the British Isles and among the oldest in Europe.

A crown must have been made during the reign of Robert the Bruce or his son, David II, as David was anointed and crowned, as were all the subsequent Stewart kings. It was probably this new crown that was remodelled into the current crown. Remade in its current form for James V in 1540, the crown was last used in a coronation to crown Charles II in 1651. Until 1707 the crown was present at the opening of each term of the Parliament of Scotland as a symbol of royal authority. The crown has been present at each Opening Ceremony of the Scottish Parliament since 1999.

Made of solid gold and silver, the crown weighs 1.6 kg and is decorated with 69 Scottish freshwater pearls and 43 gemstones. Stylised versions of the crown appear upon the version of the royal coat of arms of the United Kingdom used in Scotland and the Scottish Royal Cypher of Charles III.

The Crown of Scotland is kept on public display in the Crown Room at Edinburgh Castle.

Description
The base of the Crown of Scotland is a circlet of solid gold set with 22 large pearls and the twenty gemstones from the old crown. These pearls and gemstones are set within frames with leaf-shaped sides and silver and enamel upper and lower sections. On the top edge of the circlet are forty gold half circles, with each half circle topped by an alternating sequence of twenty pearls, ten gold fleurs-de-lis, and ten gold crosses fleury. Each cross fleury features four pearls surrounding a central gemstone.

The circlet supports the four solid gold arches from the old crown, each of which is decorated with gold and red-enamelled oak leaves. The arches are topped by a gold monde, which is enamelled blue and covered with small gold stars, and topped by a gold cross pattée, set off with black enamel, eight pearls and a large amethyst. James V's royal cypher 'JR5' appears on the lower arm of the cross on top of the crown, enamelled in black. The crown has a red velvet bonnet, with four enamelled gold ornaments adorned with a pearl attached to it between the four arches.

Origins
The earliest known depiction of a Scottish monarch wearing a crown is from the reign of Edgar (1097–1107), who was depicted on his Great Seal wearing a crown and holding a sceptre and sword. The first written reference to the Crown of Scotland dates from the abdication of John Balliol in 1296, when the Scottish regalia was described as consisting of a sceptre, sword, crown and ring. The crown and other regalia were seized by the army of Edward I of England in 1296 and taken to England.

Following his seizure of the throne in 1306, Robert the Bruce was crowned at Scone Abbey with a newly made circlet of gold. The circlet was captured by the English after the Battle of Methven and taken to England and, although it has been claimed that the present Crown of Scotland incorporates the original circlet, there is no record of the circlet ever having been returned to Scotland and no clear evidence for this claim. A new crown must have been made during the reign of Robert the Bruce or his son, David II, as David was anointed and crowned, as were all the subsequent Stewart kings, and it was probably this new crown that was remodelled into the current crown.

From the reign of Edgar until the reign of James III (1460–1488) the Crown of Scotland was depicted as a circlet or "open" crown surmounted by fleurs de lis around its rim. The first evidence of a change in the form of the crown appears late in the reign of James III, with the king depicted on a silver coin of 1484 wearing an imperial or "closed" crown with four arches surmounted by a monde and cross The earliest illustration of the Crown of Scotland as an imperial crown dates from 1503 when James IV was depicted wearing an imperial crown in the Book of Hours commissioned for his marriage to Margaret Tudor. The accuracy of this depiction of the crown has been questioned, as the artist lived in County of Flanders and would never have seen the crown. The Crown of Scotland most probably assumed the form of an imperial crown when it was remodelled in August 1532. The existing crown was delicate and had been repaired in May 1532, and would be again the following year by Adam Leys.

Remodelled
In January 1540, James V commissioned the royal goldsmith, John Mosman, to remodel the crown. Mosman dismantled the old crown, removing the four arches and all the gemstones and pearls. The circlet of the old crown was melted down, and Mosman added 41 ounces of Scottish gold mined at Leadhills in Lanarkshire. Mosman created a new circlet and decorated it with the gemstones and pearls from the old crown, added the four arches, the monde and cross. James V ordered a purple and ermine bonnet from tailor Thomas Arthur of Edinburgh to fit inside the crown. James VII ordered the colour of the bonnet be changed to red in 1685. The bonnet has been replaced several times, and the present bonnet was made in 1993.

16th and 17th centuries
The crown was first worn in the year of its re-modelling by James V to the coronation at Holyrood Abbey of his second wife, Mary of Guise, as queen consort. It was subsequently used in the coronations of the infant monarchs Mary, Queen of Scots in 1543 and James VI in 1567. In the absence of a resident Scottish monarch following the Union of the Crowns in 1603, the Honours of Scotland were carried to sittings of the Parliament of Scotland in Edinburgh to symbolise the monarch's presence and the royal assent to legislation. The crown was used at the coronation of Charles I at the Holyrood Abbey in 1633, and of Charles II at Scone parish church in 1651. The subsequent monarchs of Scotland only took the Scottish coronation oath, and were never crowned in Scotland. During the Wars of the Three Kingdoms, having already destroyed the English Crown Jewels, Oliver Cromwell sought to destroy the Scottish Regalia. However, the Honours of Scotland were secretly buried at Dunnottar Castle, Aberdeenshire, until Charles II was restored in 1660.

18th and 19th centuries
Following the Act of Union of 1707, which united the Kingdom of Scotland and the Kingdom of England to form the Kingdom of Great Britain, and having no ceremonial role to play in the proceedings of the new Parliament of Great Britain in London, the Honours of Scotland were locked away in Edinburgh Castle. There they remained all but forgotten in a chest until 1818, when a group of people including Sir Walter Scott set out to find them. Since 1819 they have been on display in the Crown Room of Edinburgh Castle from where they are removed only for state occasions; the first in 1822 when presented to George IV, at the Palace of Holyroodhouse during his visit to Edinburgh, (the first visit to Scotland by a reigning monarch since Charles II in 1651).

20th and 21st centuries
On 24 June 1953, following her coronation at Westminster Abbey, the Crown of Scotland was carried before Elizabeth II in a procession from the Palace of Holyroodhouse to St Giles' Cathedral where the Honours of Scotland were presented to the monarch during a National Service of Thanksgiving.

The Crown of Scotland has been present at the royal opening ceremonies of the modern Scottish Parliament, including the first in 1999, and the official opening of the new Scottish Parliament Building at Holyrood in 2004. On such occasions the crown, carried by the Duke of Hamilton, the hereditary bearer of the Crown of Scotland, immediately precedes the monarch in the custom of the ancient opening ceremonial procession known as the Riding of Parliament.

The Crown of Scotland was placed upon the coffin of Elizabeth II as she lay-at-rest in St Giles' Cathedral from 12 to 13 September 2022. In July 2023 the Crown was presented to Charles III at a national service of thanksgiving at St Giles' Cathedral.

Use as a symbol

As well as appearing in the Royal coat of arms of the UK used in Scotland, the crown appears in the version of the UK royal arms used by the Scotland Office, and also appeared in the arms used by the former Scottish Executive.

Stylised versions of the crown appear upon Scottish version of the Royal Cypher of Charles III and upon the badges of the Royal Regiment of Scotland, The Royal British Legion Scotland, the Scottish Ambulance Service, Police Scotland and, (as part of the crest of the Royal Arms), upon the logos of the Crown Office and Procurator Fiscal Service, RCAHMS, and General Register Office for Scotland.

Use of the crown for commercial purposes is restricted in the UK (and in countries which are party to the Paris Convention) under the Trade Marks Act 1994, and its use is governed by the Lord Chamberlain's Office.

A version of the crown is used upon Royal Mail premises, vehicles and Scottish pillar, lamp and wall boxes, and a metal insert plate showing the Crown of Scotland also appears on model K6 red telephone boxes in Scotland.

From 1927 until its abolition in 1975, the arms of Kincardineshire County Council featured the crown, together with the sword and sceptre, above an artist's rendering of Dunnottar Castle, to mark the county's status as the 17th-century hiding place of the Honours of Scotland during the Wars of the Three Kingdoms.

The Crown of Scotland also appears on maritime flags, including the Blue Ensign of vessels belonging to Marine Scotland (Compliance Division), and upon the burgees of certain royal yacht clubs in Scotland including, for example, that of the Royal Scottish Motor Yacht Club.

From 1968 to 2008, the reverse of the Five pence coin, minted for circulation throughout the United Kingdom, featured the Royal Badge of Scotland – a thistle surmounted by the Crown of Scotland.

The crown, as a component of the Royal Badge of Scotland ('A Thistle Royally Crowned'), appeared on a 'Regional' series of pre-decimal definitive Royal Mail stamps from 1958 to 1970.

In 2003 a new crown was made for the Lord Lyon King of Arms, modelled on the Crown of Scotland. This crown has removable arches (like one of the late Queen Mother's crowns) which will be removed at coronations to avoid any hint of lèse-majesté.

The coat of arms of Nova Scotia, issued in 1625, includes a unicorn wearing the crown of Scotland as the dexter supporter to symbolise the province's Scottish colonial history. The arms fell into disuse by the mid-19th century, although was later reinstated in 1929.

title: Crown of Scotland


text:
Primary triad

In music, a primary triad is one of the three triads, or three-note chords built from major or minor thirds, most important in tonal and diatonic music, as opposed to an auxiliary triad or secondary triad.

Each triad found in a diatonic key corresponds to a particular diatonic function. Functional harmony tends to rely heavily on the primary triads: triads built on the tonic, subdominant, and dominant degrees. The roots of these triads begin on the first, fourth, and fifth degrees (respectively) of the diatonic scale, otherwise symbolized: I, IV, and V (again, respectively). Primary triads, "express function clearly and unambiguously." The other triads of the diatonic key include the supertonic, mediant, sub-mediant, and leading-tone, whose roots begin on the second, third, sixth, and seventh degrees (respectively) of the diatonic scale, otherwise symbolized: ii, iii, vi, and viio (again, respectively). They function as auxiliary or supportive triads to the primary triads.

In C major these are:
 * I   C
 * V   G
 * IV  F
 * vi  Am
 * iii Em
 * ii  Dm
 * vii Bdim

In a minor key triads i and iv are minor chords, but in chord V the leading note is generally raised to form a major chord. For example, in A minor the primary triads are Am, Dm and E. Chord v (minor) in a minor key might be expected to be a primary triad, but its use is rare in common practice harmony.

Auxiliary chords may be considered parallel and contrast chords derived from the primary triads. For example, the supertonic, ii, is the subdominant parallel, relative of IV (in C: a d minor chord is the subdominant parallel, the subdominant is an F major chord). Being a parallel chord in a major key it is derived through raising the fifth a major second (C of F–A–C rises to D → F–A–D, an inversion of D–F–A). Alternatively, secondary triads may be considered ii, iii, and vi. In C major these are:
 * ii  Dm
 * iii Em
 * vi  Am

In A minor these are:
 * ii Bdim
 * III C
 * VI  F

title: Primary triad


text:
Jante

Jante may refer to:

 * Jante Law, a code of conduct said to be common in Nordic countries
 * Jante, Nepal, a village

title: Jante


text:
Self Help Serenade

Self Help Serenade is the debut album by indie rock band Marjorie Fair. First released in the United Kingdom and Europe on May 31, 2004, and in the United States on July 19, 2005, the album was produced and mixed by Rob Schnapf, "Empty Room" was mixed by Tom Lord-Alge, and the album features guest contributions from Jon Brion and Joey Waronker. "Empty Room" was not included on the UK pressings of the album.

"Empty Room" was featured in the One Tree Hill episode "An Attempt to Tip the Scales" (3.4).

The band were dropped from Capitol Records after the album's release.

Track listing
All tracks written by Evan Slamka.
 * 1) "Don't Believe" – 4:18
 * 2) "Halfway House" – 5:13
 * 3) "Empty Room" – 3:43
 * 4) "Stare" – 4:20
 * 5) "How Can You Laugh" – 5:07
 * 6) "Waves" – 4:13
 * 7) "Please Don't" – 4:04
 * 8) "Cracks in the Wall" – 4:06
 * 9) "Stand in the World" – 5:01
 * 10) "Hold on to You" – 2:39
 * 11) "Silver Gun" – 5:14
 * 12) "My Sun Is Setting Over Her Magic" – 6:28

Singles
"Stare" (May 17, 2004)
 * 1) "Stare" –  4:20
 * 2) "How Can You Laugh" – 5:07
 * 3) "Science of Your Mind" – 4:35
 * 4) "Timmy" – 4:36

"Waves" (October 18, 2004)
 * 1) "Waves" – 4:13
 * 2) "What I Said" – 1:51
 * 3) "True Lovers" – 4:36

title: Self Help Serenade


text:
Talk:Self Help Serenade

Fair use rationale for Image:Self Help Serenade Marjorie Fair albumcover.jpg
Image:Self Help Serenade Marjorie Fair albumcover.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.BetacommandBot 04:12, 6 June 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:Self Help Serenade


text:
Steel frame

Steel frame is a building technique with a "skeleton frame" of vertical steel columns and horizontal I-beams, constructed in a rectangular grid to support the floors, roof and walls of a building which are all attached to the frame. The development of this technique made the construction of the skyscraper possible. Steel frame has displaced its predecessor, the iron frame, in the early 20th century.

Concept
The rolled steel "profile" or cross section of steel columns takes the shape of the letter "I". The two wide flanges of a column are thicker and wider than the flanges on a beam, to better withstand compressive stress in the structure. Square and round tubular sections of steel can also be used, often filled with concrete. Steel beams are connected to the columns with bolts and threaded fasteners, and historically connected by rivets. The central "web" of the steel I-beam is often wider than a column web to resist the higher bending moments that occur in beams.

Wide sheets of steel deck can be used to cover the top of the steel frame as a "form" or corrugated mold, below a thick layer of concrete and steel reinforcing bars. Another popular alternative is a floor of precast concrete flooring units with some form of concrete topping. Often in office buildings, the final floor surface is provided by some form of raised flooring system with the void between the walking surface and the structural floor being used for cables and air handling ducts.

The frame needs to be protected from fire because steel softens at high temperature and this can cause the building to partially collapse. In the case of the columns this is usually done by encasing it in some form of fire resistant structure such as masonry, concrete or plasterboard. The beams may be cased in concrete, plasterboard or sprayed with a coating to insulate it from the heat of the fire or it can be protected by a fire-resistant ceiling construction. Asbestos was a popular material for fireproofing steel structures up until the early 1970s, before the health risks of asbestos fibres were fully understood.

The exterior "skin" of the building is anchored to the frame using a variety of construction techniques and following a huge variety of architectural styles. Bricks, stone, reinforced concrete, architectural glass, sheet metal and simply paint have been used to cover the frame to protect the steel from the weather.

Cold-formed steel frames
Cold-formed steel frames are also known as lightweight steel framing (LSF).

Thin sheets of galvanized steel can be cold formed into steel studs for use as a structural or non-structural building material for both external and partition walls in both residential, commercial and industrial construction projects (pictured). The dimension of the room is established with a horizontal track that is anchored to the floor and ceiling to outline each room. The vertical studs are arranged in the tracks, usually spaced 16 in apart, and fastened at the top and bottom.

The typical profiles used in residential construction are the C-shape stud and the U-shaped track, and a variety of other profiles. Framing members are generally produced in a thickness of 12 to 25 gauge. Heavy gauges, such as 12 and 14 gauge, are commonly used when axial loads (parallel to the length of the member) are high, such as in load-bearing construction. Medium-heavy gauges, such as 16 and 18 gauge, are commonly used when there are no axial loads but heavy lateral loads (perpendicular to the member) such as exterior wall studs that need to resist hurricane-force wind loads along coasts. Light gauges, such as 25 gauge, are commonly used where there are no axial loads and very light lateral loads such as in interior construction where the members serve as framing for demising walls between rooms. The wall finish is anchored to the two flange sides of the stud, which varies from 1+1/4 to 3 in thick, and the width of web ranges from 1+5/8 to 14 in. Rectangular sections are removed from the web to provide access for electrical wiring.

Steel mills produce galvanized sheet steel, the base material for the manufacture of cold-formed steel profiles. Sheet steel is then roll-formed into the final profiles used for framing. The sheets are zinc coated (galvanized) to increase protection against oxidation and corrosion. Steel framing provides excellent design flexibility due to the high strength-to-weight ratio of steel, which allows it to span over long distances, and also resist wind and earthquake loads.

Steel-framed walls can be designed to offer excellent thermal and acoustic properties – one of the specific considerations when building using cold-formed steel is that thermal bridging can occur across the wall system between the outside environment and interior conditioned space. Thermal bridging can be protected against by installing a layer of externally fixed insulation along the steel framing – typically referred to as a 'thermal break'.

The spacing between studs is typically 16 inches on center for home exterior and interior walls depending on designed loading requirements. In office suites the spacing is 24 in on center for all walls except for elevator and staircase wells.

Hot-formed steel frames
Hot Formed frames, also known as hot-rolled steel frames, are engineered from steel that undergoes a complex manufacturing process known as hot rolling. During this procedure, steel members are heated to temperatures above the steel’s recrystallization temperature (1700˚F).This process serves to refine the grain structure of the steel and align its crystalline lattice. It is then passed through precision rollers to achieve the desired frame profiles.

The distinctive feature of hot formed frames is their substantial beam thickness and larger dimensions, making them more robust compared to their cold rolled counterparts. This inherent strength makes them particularly well-suited for application in larger structures, as they show minimal deformation when subjected to substantial loads.

While it is true that hot rolled steel members often have a higher initial cost per component when compared to cold rolled steel, their cost-efficiency becomes increasingly evident when used in the construction of larger structures. This is due to the fact that hot rolled steel frames require fewer components to span equivalent distances, leading to economic advantages in bigger projects.

History
The use of steel instead of iron for structural purposes was initially slow. The first iron-framed building, Ditherington Flax Mill, had been built in 1797, but it was not until the development of the Bessemer process in 1855 that steel production was made efficient enough for steel to be a widely used material. Cheap steels, which had high tensile and compressive strengths and good ductility, were available from about 1870, but wrought and cast iron continued to satisfy most of the demand for iron-based building products, due mainly to problems of producing steel from alkaline ores. These problems, caused principally by the presence of phosphorus, were solved by Sidney Gilchrist Thomas in 1879.

It was not until 1880 that an era of construction based on reliable mild steel began. By that date the quality of steels being produced had become reasonably consistent.

The Home Insurance Building, completed in 1885, was the first to use skeleton frame construction, completely removing the load bearing function of its masonry cladding. In this case the iron columns are merely embedded in the walls, and their load carrying capacity appears to be secondary to the capacity of the masonry, particularly for wind loads. In the United States, the first steel framed building was the Rand McNally Building in Chicago, erected in 1890.

The Royal Insurance Building in Liverpool designed by James Francis Doyle in 1895 (erected 1896–1903) was the first to use a steel frame in the United Kingdom.

title: Steel frame


text: Category:Language tests

title: Category:Language tests


text:
Brian Randle

Brian Charles Randle (born February 8, 1985) is an American assistant coach for the Washington Wizards of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He played college basketball at the University of Illinois. He is a former professional basketball player. He was a three-time Israeli Basketball Premier League Defensive Player of the Year, and was the 2010 Israeli Basketball Premier League Finals MVP.

Early life
Randle graduated from Peoria Notre Dame High School in 2003 and had an outstanding senior season averaging 22.9 points, 12.8 rebounds, 5.2 blocks, and 3.1 assists. He finished fourth in voting for Illinois Mr. Basketball in his senior season, and was recruited by Bill Self. He was selected to the State Farm Holiday Classic all-tournament team in three consecutive seasons, from 2000-02.

College career
In the 2003-04 season, Randle played in 32 games – including starting 9 games. Randle averaged 2.7 points and 3.3 rebounds per game. On December 30, 2003, Randle had his best statistical game, grabbing 11 rebounds and 9 points against UIC.

He took a medical redshirt during the 2004-05 NCAA tournament run season after punching a wall in frustration during practice and breaking his hand.

In the 2005-06 college basketball season, Randle was one of three team captains for the Fighting Illini, along with Dee Brown and James Augustine. Randle had his best game playing Wisconsin on the road on January 31, 2006 with a double-double. Against the Badgers, Randle scored 12 points and pulled down 13 rebounds helping the Illini to a 66-51 victory. Randle was named to the All-Big Ten Defensive Team, and ranked ninth in the Big Ten in field goal percentage.

In the 2006-07 college basketball season, Randle once again was looked to as a leader for the Fighting Illini, along with Warren Carter, Jamar Smith, Rich McBride, and Shaun Pruitt. He had an early season groin injury that caused him to miss most of the non-conference schedule.

Randle graduated with a bachelor's degree in agri-finance and a master's in sports management.

Professional career
Randle has signed with Hapoel Gilboa Galil Elyon of Israel prior to 2008-09 season. In his second season with the club he led them to the Israeli Championship, beating Maccabi Tel Aviv in the finals of the Israeli Final Four. He was the 2010 Israeli Basketball Premier League Finals MVP.

In the summer of 2010 Randle left Galil Elyon and signed with Hapoel Jerusalem on a two-year contract.

On October 10, 2012, he signed on a two-month trial contract (with an extension until the end of the season) with the German team Alba Berlin. In February 2013, he returned to Israel and signed with Hapoel Tel Aviv.

On August 15, 2013, Randle signed with Maccabi Haifa of Israel for the 2013–14 season.

On July 25, 2014, he signed a two-year deal with Maccabi Tel Aviv. He was a three-time Israeli Basketball Premier League Defensive Player of the Year (2009, 2014, and 2015),

On July 25, 2015, he left Maccabi and signed with Lokomotiv Kuban Krasnodar, but he was released from the team after failing physical tests. On September 1, 2015, he re-signed with Maccabi Tel Aviv for the 2015–16 season.

On January 21, 2017, Randle returned to his former club Hapoel Jerusalem. In March 2017, he got injured and missed the remainder of the season.

On August 21, 2017, Randle signed with the Italian team Enel Brindisi for the 2017–18 season. In November 2017, he retired from professional basketball.

Coaching career
On September 21, 2018, Randle was announced to be a part of the Minnesota Timberwolves' coaching staff as an assistant video coordinator, effectively confirming his retirement as a player. Randle was later promoted to a player development coaching role with the Timberwolves on June 27, 2019.

On September 8, 2020, Randle was named a part of the Phoenix Suns' coaching staff as a proper assistant coach. In his first season with the Suns, he not only helped the team reach the NBA playoffs for the first time since 2010, but also the NBA Finals for the first time since 1993.

EuroLeague

 * style="text-align:left;"| 2012–13
 * style="text-align:left;"| Alba Berlin
 * 2 || 0 || 13.9 || .250 || .000 || .500 || 4.0 || .0 || .0 || .5 || 3.0 || 2.0
 * style="text-align:left;"| 2014–15
 * style="text-align:left;" rowspan="2"| Maccabi Tel Aviv
 * 25 || 25 || 28.7 || .595 || .240 || .655 || 5.6 || 2.0 || 1.5 || 1.2 || 12.0 || 15.4
 * style="text-align:left;"| 2015–16
 * 8 || 8 || 22.4 || .577 || .400 || .700 || 2.5 || 1.0 || 0.6 || 0.8 || 8.5 || 7.1
 * - class="sortbottom"
 * style="text-align:left;"| Career
 * style="text-align:left;"|
 * 35 || 33 || 26.5 || .582 || .267 || .659 || 4.8 || 1.7 || 1.2 || 1.1 || 10.7 || 12.7
 * style="text-align:left;"| Career
 * style="text-align:left;"|
 * 35 || 33 || 26.5 || .582 || .267 || .659 || 4.8 || 1.7 || 1.2 || 1.1 || 10.7 || 12.7

title: Brian Randle


text:
Don Escudero

Placido Escudero, known as Don Escudero (January 27, 1955 – July 11, 2011), was a Filipino movie writer, actor, and director.

Life and career
Escudero was born on January 27, 1955, in Tiaong, Quezon. He graduated from De La Salle University, San Juan. He started in entertainment as an assistant, working with Lino Brocka, Ishmael Bernal and Mike de Leon.

Escudero was diagnosed with cancer and went through two years of treatments and had a remission before dying. He was survived by his mother Millie, brothers Manolet and Ugi and sister Mari. Escudero designed his own cremation urn kept at the chapel of the family-owned Villa Escudero in Tiaong, Quezon.

title: Don Escudero


text: Category:Danish humorists

title: Category:Danish humorists


text:
User:Nils Peterson

Just a toe hold while I figure out what to do here. Please refer to my portfolio at http://ctlt.wsu.edu/staff/nils_peterson

This page is the proper capitalization of my name, but not what Wikipedia naturally does with my user ID. The other page is written: Nils peterson.

title: User:Nils Peterson


text:
File:RobertPlantNowAndZen.jpg

Fair use in Now and Zen
Though this image is subject to copyright, its use is covered by the U.S. fair use laws because:
 * 1) It's a low resolution copy of a CD/album cover.
 * 2) It doesn't limit the copyright owner's rights to sell the CD/album in any way, in fact, it may encourage sales.
 * 3) Because of the low resolution, copies could not be used to make illegal copies of the album artwork on another CD.
 * 4) The image is itself a subject of discussion in the article or used in the infobox thereof.
 * 5) The image on the cover is significant because it was made by a famous artist.

Source

 * 1) Derived from a digital capture (scan/photo) of the album/CD cover (creator of this digital version is irrelevant as the copyright in all equivalent images is still held by the same party). Copyright held by the record company or the artist. Claimed as fair use regardless.

title: File:RobertPlantNowAndZen.jpg


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Lee Farnworth

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was KEEP: 7k, 2d. -Splash 02:04, 31 July 2005 (UTC)

Lee Farnworth
Less notable, not encyclopedic yet. Results 1 - 10 of about 17 for "lee farnworth" Algonquin College. (0.34 seconds). There were around 250 for "lee farnworth", but a good portion were not the same person. --Phroziac (talk) 23:12, 20 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, non-notable. User:Luigi30 (Ταλκ) 23:45, 20 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, professor and active in local politics. No good reason to delete - David Gerard 23:49, 20 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. I don't see the point of going through the articles hoovering up and deleting ones like this. Let's keep VfD for trash. --23:52, 20 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment: She may be encyclopedic soon. She is the Liberal candidate for the next federal election in a riding presently held by the Liberals. 39th Canadian federal election (candidates): Ontario. Double Blue  (Talk) 03:09, 21 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep and expand. Professor with some notability. JamesBurns 08:39, 21 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep: Wikipedia is not paper. Legitimate article, not a mere vanity page. Peter Grey 19:00, 21 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep Agree with above.  CJCurrie 19:21, 21 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. If I'm not mistaken, Ms. Farnworth was fairly prominent in local news a few years ago; she had been seen as the natural successor to the retiring MPP in Ottawa West-Nepean but was defeated by Jim Watson in what some allege was an ugly campaign. -Joshuapaquin 11:40, July 22, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Notable. •Zhatt•  16:15, July 22, 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Lost Blues and Other Songs

Lost Blues and Other Songs by Palace Music is a compilation of singles, rarities, and live tracks recorded by Will Oldham under various permutations of the Palace name from 1993-1997. The compilation was followed by Guarapero/Lost Blues 2 (2000) and Little Lost Blues (2006).

"Ohio River Boat Song" is an adaptation of the traditional Scottish "Loch Tay Boat Song." "Horses" was originally written and performed by Sally Timms of the Mekons on her 1988 solo album Somebody's Rockin' My Dreamboat.

Track listing

 * 1) "Ohio River Boat Song"
 * 2) "Riding"
 * 3) "Valentine's Day"
 * 4) "Trudy Dies"
 * 5) "Come In"
 * 6) "Little Blue Eyes"
 * 7) "Horses"
 * 8) "Stable Will"
 * 9) "Untitled" (Live at the Lounge Ax November 17, 1994)
 * 10) "O How I Enjoy the Light"
 * 11) "Marriage"
 * 12) "West Palm Beach"
 * 13) "Gulf Shores"
 * 14) "(End Of) Traveling"
 * 15) "Lost Blues"

title: Lost Blues and Other Songs


text:
Now and Zen

Now and Zen is the fourth solo album by Robert Plant, released 29 February 1988 by Es Paranza Records, Plant's own label. The album made the top 10 in the US (No. 6) and UK (No. 10). It was certified triple platinum by the RIAA on 7 September 2001. The album was produced by Tim Palmer, Robert Plant, and Phil Johnstone.

Background and recording
The tracks "Heaven Knows" and "Tall Cool One" feature Led Zeppelin guitarist Jimmy Page. (On the liner notes, Page's participation on the songs is noted with a Zoso symbol.) In response to the Beastie Boys' unauthorized sampling of some Led Zeppelin songs on their 1986 album Licensed to Ill, Plant also used samples from Led Zeppelin songs ("Whole Lotta Love", "Dazed and Confused", "Black Dog", "Custard Pie", and "The Ocean") on "Tall Cool One", additionally singing words from "When the Levee Breaks".

Release and reception
The original released copies of the CD and Album version contained a wolf motif mini-flag in satin red. This is a tribute to his favorite association football team, the Wolverhampton Wanderers (Wolves by fans). This mini-flag is also a rare collector's item. "Walking Towards Paradise" was originally as a bonus track available only on CD versions of the album and as the B-side of the single "Heaven Knows". Rhino Entertainment released a remastered edition of the album, with bonus tracks, on 3 April 2007.

Now and Zen was received positively by both Plant's fans and professional music critics. In a contemporary review for Rolling Stone, Kurt Loder hailed Now and Zen as "some kind of stylistic event: a seamless pop fusion of hard guitar rock, gorgeous computerization and sharp, startling songcraft." Robert Christgau found it superior to his previous two attractive but forgettable solo albums, writing in The Village Voice that "at its best, it's far from forgettable. Overall effect is a cross between his former band and the Cars."

In an interview he gave to Uncut magazine in 2005, Plant commented that "by the time Now and Zen came out in '88, it looked like I was big again. It was a Top 10 album on both sides of the Atlantic. But if I listen to it now, I can hear that a lot of the songs got lost in the technology of the time."

Appearances in other media

 * Plant performed "Ship of Fools", "Tall Cool One" and "Heaven Knows" at the Atlantic Records 40th Anniversary concert in 1988.
 * "Ship of Fools" was also featured on the final two-hour episode of Miami Vice, "Freefall". It is the musical accompaniment to Crockett and Tubbs return to Miami via motor yacht after rescuing General Bourbon (a thinly veiled Manuel Noriega-type character) from the fictional Central American nation of Costa Morada.

Personnel
Musicians
 * Robert Plant – vocals
 * Phil Johnstone – keyboards, programming
 * Doug Boyle – guitars
 * Phil Scragg – bass
 * Chris Blackwell – drums, percussion

Additional musicians
 * David Barratt – programming
 * Robert Crash – programming
 * Jimmy Page – guitar solos (1, 3)
 * Charlie Jones – bass (bonus tracks 11-13)
 * Toni Halliday – backing vocals
 * Kirsty MacColl – backing vocals
 * Marie Pierre – backing vocals
 * Jerry Wayne – voice-over (9)

Production
 * Phil Johnstone – producer
 * Tim Palmer – producer
 * Robert Plant – producer
 * Dave Barrett – engineer
 * Rob Bozas – engineer
 * Tim Burrell – engineer
 * Jonathan Dee – engineer
 * Michael Gregovich – engineer
 * Martin Russell – engineer
 * Icon – design, art direction
 * Richard Evans – design, art direction
 * Davies and Starr – photography

title: Now and Zen


text:
Talk:Now and Zen

Fair use rationale for Image:RobertPlantNowAndZen.jpg
Image:RobertPlantNowAndZen.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

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If there is other other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.BetacommandBot 04:48, 6 June 2007 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Now and Zen


text:
Lake Cunningham

Lake Cunningham is an artificial lake in Lake Cunningham Park, in East San Jose, California, near the Eastridge Mall and Eastridge Transit Center. It is not a geological feature recognized in the Geographic Names Information System (GNIS). It is located on Capitol Expressway and stands next to Reid–Hillview Airport. The Lake Cunningham Skate Park and Raging Waters theme park are also in Lake Cunningham Park.

The Lake Cunningham–Eastridge Mall area was one of Santa Clara Valley's three permanent wetland complexes called "lagunas". The area was called Laguna Socayre (or Secayre) during the initial Euro-American settlement (1769–1850), and was part of the Rancho Yerba Buena or Rancho Socayre land grant of 1833. Laguna Socayre covered a much larger area than Lake Cunningham Park does now.

Due to intense urbanization in the surrounding hill areas, the storm water that historically exited the canyons and percolated through the gravel below ground was channeled into pipes below the streets to Thompson Creek and Lake Cunningham. This has led to an increase in runoff during the winter storms.

The lake and park are named after James Farnham Cunningham who owned the land before the city acquired it for flood control.

title: Lake Cunningham


text:
User:Splash/vector.js

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title: User:Splash/vector.js


text:
Wonka Donutz

Wonka Donutz were candies sold by Nestlé under their Willy Wonka Candy Company brand. They were doughnut-shaped pieces of chocolate covered in sprinkles, with a truffle-like inside. These were widely promoted ahead of the release of Charlie and the Chocolate Factory in 2005. However, they were short-lived, and discontinued, due to low sales.

The two standard versions were a double chocolate filling (the most common version) and a double fudge filling. A special edition strawberry filling was released for Halloween in 2005.

Ahead of the film's release, various Wonka candies featured in competitions. The prize for finding the golden ticket in a Wonka Donutz pack was a trip to Europe.

title: Wonka Donutz


text: Template:Same-sex marriage in Canada

title: Template:Same-sex marriage in Canada


text: User talk:24.1.97.187

title: User talk:24.1.97.187


text:
WWIVnet

WWIVnet was a Bulletin board system (BBS) network for WWIV-based BBSes. It was created by Wayne Bell on December 1, 1987. The system was similar to FidoNet in purpose, but used a very different routing mechanism that was more automated and distributed.

Network layout
WWIVnet consisted of several participating BBSes, each referenced by a unique number called a node number. Originally, WWIVnet nodes were numbered by area code. The format was TXYZZ, where X and Y were the first and last digits of the area code, and ZZ was a number that ranged from 00 to 49 in area codes with a middle digit of 0, or a number between 50 and 99 in area codes with a middle digit of 1. The T portion of the node number was only used if a particular area code ran out of node numbers in their assigned range and needed more, the T would become 1. Thus, node 5802 would be a node in the 508 area code, and node 12263 would be a node in a very busy 212 area code. This numbering system worked well until the telephone systems began using area codes that used numbers other than 1 or 0 as the middle digit. When this occurred, WWIVnet realized it had to change its numbering system so a group based system was adopted, where node numbers would change to an XZZZ system. In this system, X would be the group number, and ZZZ would be the system number under that group.

The network's administration was set up where every area code had an Area Coordinator (AC) which was responsible for maintaining information about the nodes in their area code. The AC reported to the Group Coordinator (GC), which was responsible for updating the node lists for the area codes under them. The GC reported to the Network Coordinator (NC), who was responsible for sending out node list updates. The NC was the person who was ultimately in charge of WWIVnet.

The network structure, however, had everything to do with administration but nothing to do with the way traffic was transmitted. Simply put the only way to control the flow of data was to reduce the number of nodes on the network the system connected to. If two nodes were connected and it was the closest possible route for other nodes the traffic would follow that route. So if a node wanted to stop through traffic then they would connect to a single node for all traffic. There was no other form of traffic control on the network. Connection weight although added to the network data record was never implemented. If a specific route went down, the network would automatically try to reroute the packets in the next fastest route it could calculate. This method was an early version of peer-to-peer file sharing and may be the first instance of this type of file sharing. Note that while FidoNet was created before WWIVnet and transmitted files between systems, it did not use a peer-to-peer system because the traffic was routed using a set hierarchical model and servers (hubs/feeds) controlled all traffic. Wayne Bell referred to the networking method used by WWIVnet as a grid, similar to mesh networking, and often said he based it on Usenet.

title: WWIVnet