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Blue Bulls

The Blue Bulls (known for sponsorship reasons as the Vodacom Blue Bulls) is a South African rugby union team that participates in the annual Currie Cup tournament and the United Rugby Championship. They are governed by the Blue Bulls Rugby Union and are based at Loftus Versfeld Stadium in Pretoria, Gauteng province.

In 1997 the Northern Transvaal team, representing the Northern Transvaal Rugby Union (NTRU), was renamed, officially taking on their then nickname the Blue Bulls. The NTRU itself became the Blue Bulls Rugby Union and the United Rugby Championship team operated by the union was renamed simply the Bulls.

When Vodacom became the team's major sponsor their name was added. Previously the side was sponsored by ExxonMobil and known as the Mobil Blue Bulls. Their main colour is blue and their emblem a bull's head and horns.

Northern Transvaal
The team as it is known today has its beginnings in 1938 when the then Northern Transvaal Rugby Union broke away from the Transvaal Rugby Football Union to gain status as an independent rugby union. The new team was named Northern Transvaal and donned light blue jerseys with a red Barberton Daisy emblem. However, in their very first match, they played in the red and gold hooped jerseys of the Pretoria Combined team that often "locked horns" with teams touring South Africa (red and gold being the colors of Pretoria).

Eight years passed before they first lifted the Currie Cup in 1946, when they defeated the Western Province 11–9 at home at Loftus Versfeld thanks to two dropped goals (one off his left foot) by Springbok flyhalf Hansie Brewis; the score was 8–9 to Province (a drop goal counted 4 points in those days). With time running out Brewis, the first true Northerns legend, received the ball in his own twenty-two. With an enormous kick, he tried to get the ball rolling out in the north-eastern corner, but the ball kept rolling and the Western Province full-back, Con de Kock, carelessly waited for it to roll out. When the ball jumped back in field, De Kock noticed Johnny Lourens storming down at full pace and, realising the danger, kicked hastily at the ball but missed it completely. Lourens scooped it up to score the winning try.

Six members of the 1946 team later became Springboks: Hannes Brewis, Fonnie du Toit, Jorrie Jordaan, Flip Geel, Fiks van der Merwe, Louis Strydom and Daan Retief. Retief initially played on the wing, but later became a Springbok loose forward. It was a great pity that the Springboks did not play sooner after World War II as many players could have achieved national colours had they been given the opportunity. They included centres, Hannes de Villiers and Attie Botha, as well as the lock Doerie van Deventer.

Northern Transvaal next appeared in the Currie Cup final in the 1954 season against Western Province but this time Western Province ran out winners; after being up 11–0 at half time they eventually won the game 11–8. The match was played at Newlands. In 1956 they played at Kingsmead, the well-known cricket ground in Durban in the final. King's Park rugby stadium had not been built yet. The wind was almost gale force and during this exciting struggle the two fly-halves, Thys van Zyl (Northern Tvl) and the later Springbok Keith Oxlee, kicked a lot. Five minutes before the final whistle flanker, Schalk van Dyk scored a try that allowed Northern Transvaal to win the match 9–8.

1968 saw the start of a golden era for Northern Transvaal rugby. Under the coaching of Buurman van Zyl they played Transvaal in the final, defeating them 16–3 at Loftus Versveld. Many players went on to become Springboks. They were Willem Stapelberg, Alan Menter, Piet Uys, Mof Myburgh, Polla Fourie, Johan Spies, Frik du Preez and Thys Lourens. They defeated Western Province 28–13 in the subsequent season's final. This was the match in which South Africa's player of the century, Frik du Preez, dropped, scored and placed, according to his good friend and teammate, Springbok front ranker, Mof Myburgh.

They faced Griqualand West in the 1970 final, with Griqualand West winning 11-9 thanks to two tries from winger Buddy Swarts. Buurman van Zyl described this as the single most disappointing occasion in his 14 seasons at Northerns. The 1971 team did not lose a single game and was most unlucky to play to a draw against Transvaal in the final, 14-all at Ellis Park in Johannesburg. The controversy which surrounded Transvaal's equalising points - a try by prop Theo Sauerman - once again emphasized the necessity of objective referees for Currie Cup finals. Chris Luther kicked a huge penalty that put the game beyond question in injury time and the fans started to run onto the field. The referee ordered them off and indicated that there was still time left. From the restart, Transvaal got possession and after some good support play scored a try. Jannie van Deventer kicked the conversion and Transvaal got a hand on the Cup. This final marked the end of an era for Frik du Preez who announced his retirement from the game.

In 1973 they defeated the Orange Free State 30–22 in the final. This was followed by the 17–15 win over Transvaal in 1974 in a match in which Northerns centre John Knox had a particularly strong game. This match also started a very successful coach and captain combination. Thys Lourens, playing in his fifth final was captain of the side this day. He was to captain Northerns in a further 3 finals and in total play 8 finals - none of them ever on a losing side. A record to this very day.

In 1975 Northerns travelled to Bloemfontein to play against Free State. 2 hours before kick-off an extraordinary rainstorm flooded the field and the players, despite playing in sunshine for most of the match, were unrecognizable within the first ten minutes after the start. The match was closely contested with the conditions playing a strong equalising hand. In the dying seconds of the game with the score level at 6-all, Northerns centre Christo Wagenaar put in a chip kick that was collected brilliantly by right winger Pierre Spies (father of current Springbok and Bulls eight-man, also Pierre) who scored in the corner. Keith Thorresson added the two extra points to a try that was to become legendary and Northern ran out 12-6 winners. Northern Transvaal defeated the Orange Free State in the 1977 (27-12) and 1978 (13-9) finals as well. 1977 saw the emergence of a young 19-year-old that was to become one of the games greats - Naas Botha. The 1978 final was one that was donned the Free State backs against the Bulls forwards. Northerns ran out victors by scoring two fantastic tries by the backs, one of them by Naas Botha. They were runners-up with Western Province in 1979 after two fantastic drop goals by Naas Botha late in the second half. They won the 1980 final against Province in one of the most one-sided finals of all-time scoring five tries to nil and winning by 30 points, a record! In 1981 they defeated Free State 23–6 at Loftus in what was marked an unsatisfactory final. Returning from New Zealand, Northerns fielded all 10 their Springboks except Theuns Stoffberg. Free State did not field their 4 Springboks hoping that Northerns would not do the same and improve their chances of getting a rare victory. Although not in the same line as 1980, the match was still very one-sided. This marked the end of an era for Northerns, since their highly respected coach, Buurman van Zyl, died early in 1982. Another shock was the loss of Springbok flyhalf Naas Botha to America where he tried out American Football. South African rugby was to see a domination by Western Province for the following 5 seasons.

Despite not being able to achieve any success during this time (except for a Lion Cup final victory over Free State in 1985), they still managed to reach the final on 3 occasions being runners-up to Western Province in the 1982, 1983 and 1985 finals. 1983 also saw the first time they lost a final on home ground.

1987 saw the return of the Cup to Pretoria. Under the coaching of John Williams and captaincy of Naas Botha (returning at the end of 1984 after his stint in America) they defeated Transvaal in the final with a legendary performance by the captain, who scored all 24 points with 4 penalties and 4 drop goals. In the 1988 final they defied all odds by beating Western Province and drew with Province again in 1989 at Newlands. This was the one finals victory that has always eluded the team and to this day The Bulls have never managed to win a final at Newlands against their greatest rivals. They were runners-up to the Sharks in the 1990 final at Loftus but won the cup back in 1991 by defeating Transvaal. Northerns, Province and Free State ended tied second after Transvaal on the 1991 Currie Cup log. Due to points difference, Province and Northerns had to slug it out in a first semi-final on a Tuesday afternoon and managed to do so by winning 34–21. On the Saturday they had to play Free State in the second semi-final and after trailing at one stage 11–0 in the first half and with about 20 minutes to go by 20–9, they managed to turn around the match and run out victors 27-23 - fullback (and old Grey College learner) Gerbrand Grobler being the hero with 6 penalties and a conversion! The following Saturday Northern easily won the final 27–15. They also managed to win the Lion Cup (for a second time) with a record victory of 62–6 over The Sharks.

The rest of the 1990s was a dismal period for Northerns. They lost a lot of players to Transvaal, most notably Uli Schmidt - a legend in his own right and son of former Springbok and Northerns flanker Louis Schmidt (often called the first Blue Bull). Other players included Gavin Johnson, Rudolf Straeuli, Theo van Rensburg, Heinrich Rodgers, Johan Roux, Gerbrand Grobler and Hannes Strydom. The biggest upset came when two Northern Transvaal stalwarts for many years, Ray Mordt and Kitch Christie accepted offers from Transvaal boss Louis Luyt to coach. Christie, after being asked to leave by the Northerns administration halfway through the 1990 season, moulded the players into a great unit and achieved success in 1993 and 1994 at Currie Cup level before becoming Springbok coach to win the World Cup in 1995. Most of the players who followed him would represent his Transvaal side before doing duty at a national level. Without doubt one of the darkest periods in Northern Transvaal's history!

Lion Cup
Northern Transvaal participated in the Lion Cup between 1983 and 1994. The Lion Cup was a domestic rugby union knock-out competition held in South Africa. Northern Transvaal tasted success in the competition on three occasions, winning the competition in 1985, 1990 and 1991. They also finished as runners-up three times in 1987, 1988 and 1989. Northern Transvaal claimed the Lion Cup 62–6 against in 1991 which is one of the biggest victories ever in a final.

Currie Cup / Central Series
The Northern Transvaal rugby team participated in the Currie Cup / Central Series from 1986 to 1994. The competition saw the top Currie Cup teams play the Currie Cup Central A teams, with the Currie Cup team with the best playing record awarded the Percy Frames Trophy. Northern Transvaal was the most successful team, claiming six consecutive titles between 1987 and 1992.

Super 10
Prior to the professional Super Rugby competition, Northern Transvaal competed in the Super 10, which was a tournament featuring ten teams from Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Tonga and Western Samoa, which ran from 1993 to 1995. The top three teams from the previous Currie Cup season qualified for each of the Super 10 tournaments.

Northern Transvaal competed in the 1993 season, where they were grouped in Pool B alongside Transvaal, New South Wales, North Harbour and Waikato. Transvaal finished at the top of the pool, with Northern Transvaal finishing third, behind New South Wales. Northern Transvaal did not qualify for the 1994 or 1995 Super 10 seasons.

Northern Transvaal played four fixtures in the 1993 Super 10:
 * Northern Transvaal 22–42 Transvaal
 * Northern Transvaal 45–20 New South Wales Waratahs
 * Northern Transvaal 28–18 Waikato
 * Northern Transvaal 14–29 North Harbour

Name Change: Northern Transvaal became Blue Bulls
The team had been known informally as the Blue Bulls since the 1940s and from 8 June 1963 in a newspaper cartoon by Victor Ivanoff had been portrayed as such. Their name officially changed to the Blue Bulls at the end of 1997 season and in 1998 after 6 years of not reaching the final and some very heavy defeats at Currie Cup level, the Bulls, captained by another legend, Joost van der Westhuizen, managed to reach the final for a record 24th time after the come-back of the century in the semi-final against a star-studded Sharks outfit. The Bulls' triumph was nothing short of remarkable. After André Joubert's second try early in the second half, which stretched the Sharks' lead from 10–3 to 17–3, even their coach, Eugene van Wyk, believed that they had no chance. But whatever Bulls captain Van der Westhuizen told his team while Gavin Lawless was setting up for the conversion of Joubert's second try, it made them realise that it was now or never. Suddenly, they started playing with new life and new direction. Franco Smith scored a couple of penalties and then prop Piet Boer dived over for a try. The last 12 minutes with the score on 17-all, were dramatic. First, flanker Nicky van der Walt put the Bulls ahead with a magnificent try following Van der Westhuizen's brilliant opportunistic play and great ball skills. And the last nail went into the Sharks coffin when the Bulls were awarded a penalty try for an early tackle by André Joubert on Grant Esterhuizen in the in-goal area. The following Saturday they defeated Western Province 24–20 at Loftus. With only a few minutes left on the clock, Province must have thought they won it when their Springbok-winger Chester Williams went over in the corner, but referee André Watson ruled the pass from Robbie Fleck forward.

The 1998 side was not a side with great names except maybe for Joost van der Westhuizen and Ruben Kruger (who missed the final with injury), but most certainly the one that has showed the most character and guts in the history of the union. As Kruger described it after the final: "The team's success could be ascribed to the fact that the Light Blue jersey made every player's heart beat faster."

2002 was the start of the Heyneke Meyer and Anton Leonard era. They defeated the Golden Lions 31–7 at Ellis Park thanks mainly to heroics by a 19-year-old Derick Hougaard who scored a try, 2 drop goals and 5 penalties for a record 26 points. The following season they defeated the Sharks 40–19 in the final with most of the team doing duty at the 2003 World Cup. The Blue Bulls then won the 2004 final, defeating the Cheetahs by 42–33. This match saw one of the finest individual tries scored in a final. Ettiene Botha received the ball just inside the Free State half and skipped and dummied his way past a legion of defenders - epitomising the great Mannetjies Roux against the Lions of 1962 - to score a brilliant try next to the posts. A player that surely would have achieved higher honours, he died in a motor car accident the following year.

Free State eventually won the Cup (the first time since 1976) in the following final by beating the Bulls in their own backyard. This was only the third time ever that the Bulls had lost a final at fortress Loftus (1983 and 1990 being the other years). The Blue Bulls shared the 2006 Currie Cup with the Free State Cheetahs with the score remaining locked at 28-all after twenty minutes of extra time.

Northern Transvaal competed in all the years of Super 12 competition but were never very successful. In 1996 they managed to reach the semi-final but suffered a heavy defeat to the Auckland Blues by 48–11. From 1997 to 2002 The Bulls did not reach the final on a single occasion, at times ending last in the competition. 2003 saw them ending fifth and 2004 to 2006 saw them reach the semi-finals for the first time since 1996, but every time away from home. In 2007 they reached the final for the first time and also became the first South African team to win the Super Rugby competition by beating fellow South Africans, The Sharks, in a humdinger final in Durban. Down by 13–19, they kept the ball alive after the final hooter, taking it through various phases which eventually led to a try by Springbok winger Bryan Habana. Derick Hougaard added the conversion and The Bulls won by 20–19. The Blue Bulls have a positive winning record against all the South African domestic sides including their arch rivals, Western Province.

Rivalries
Through the years the rivalry between the Blue Bulls and Western Province has become legendary, and a clash between these two sides is one of the Currie Cup's biggest rivalries. The first time that the two sides met in an actual Currie Cup final was in 1946, which was also Northern Transvaal's first final contest. The match was played at Northern Transvaal's home ground at Loftus Versfeld, and saw the Western Province go down 11 to 9.

After meeting in numerous other finals following 1946, it would not be until the 1982 season, when the Western Province would defeat Northern Transvaal in a Currie Cup final. In the 1980s the two sides met in six Currie Cup finals, with the Western Province winning three of them and one being drawn. One of the most recent Currie Cup seasons when both sides made it to the final was the 1998 season: The Blue Bulls beat the Western Province by four points, 24 to 20, at Loftus Versfeld.

In recent years, the great rivalry between the Blue Bulls and Western Province has faded. It has been many years since the decades that these two teams dominated the Currie Cup competition and new rivalries have come to the foreground. Many Blue Bull fans actually agree that the rivalry has shifted towards Free State, especially after both teams qualified for the Currie Cup final for the third consecutive year in 2006. Statistics have shown that Loftus Versfeld currently experiences more incidents of bad behaviour during Bulls home games against Free State and the Sharks, than during any other games in the season, including those against Western Province.

The team has one of the largest support bases, averaging over 38,000 to Super rugby games and 26,000 in the Currie Cup competition. Most of the Bulls support is concentrated in Pretoria and the Limpopo Province, however the Bulls also have significant support in Johannesburg, Mpumulanga Province, the North West Province and in Aliwal North.

Notable players
Through the years Northern Transvaal/Blue Bulls have produced many great players that captured the imagination of the rugby public.

Lucas Strachan was a brilliant Springbok flanker and one of members of the legendary 1937 Springboks that won a series in New Zealand. He was the first of the truly great Springbok rugby players produced by the Blue Bulls. And after his playing days, he achieved fame as both coach and selector. He will also be remembered for his enthusiastic team talks and witty speeches. Northern honoured him by naming the club rugby trophy in Pretoria after him - teams compete for the Lucas Strachan Shield.

Hannes Brewis was one of the best South African fly-halves of all time and played in 10 tests between 1949 and 1953 and never on the losing side. Brewis who was renowned for his speed and deadly drop goals, was a great playmaker that graced the Light Blue side when they won the Currie Cup in 1946. In his playing career, he was regarded as probably the best fly-half in world rugby, and together with Fonnie du Toit, he formed the legendary halfback pair both at national and international level.

Tom van Vollenhoven the brush-cut wing who appeared on the scene in 1955, was the kind of player who captured the imagination every time he touched the ball. His try for the Light Blues against the Junior Springboks in 1955, when he beat one player after another in spectacular a zigzag run of almost 80 metres, is still lauded as the try of all tries. This got him into the Springbok side against the 1955 British Lions of Robin Thomson and in the second test scored a hat trick of tries. He would probably have been one of the greatest heroes if he had not gone off to play professional rugby league in England so early in his career.

Louis Schmidt played only two tests as Springbok flank, but for the Light Blues this man with the monster moustache, was a true hero who also made his mark as captain. Schmidt, who ran out in 63 games for the Northern Transvaal in the fifties and sixties, is generally regarded "the first Blue Bull". Controversy surrounded his omission from the side after a heavy tackle on Province winger Jannie Engelbrecht resulting in a broken collarbone for the Springbok winger. Schmidt was dropped and never played for the Bulls again.

Frik du Preez is probably the greatest Northerns hero of all heroes. The Springbok lock and flank was not only a dazzling player on the field, but was equally popular off the field. Together with his close friend, Mof Myburgh, both played a total of 109 matches for the Northern Transvaal. Du Preez and Myburgh were inseparable, and Myburgh also proved to be a hero of note. Despite being rather short for a lock, Du Preez's line-out work was practically unequalled and his powerful sprints struck fear in the hearts of his opposition, while he also kicked for posts for the Springboks and Northern Transvaal and put away some magnificent drop goals. How popular he was, even outside Pretoria, is apparent from the fact that he was carried, shoulder high, off the field after his last game at Newlands in Cape Town in a match that Northerns won by 25–14. Frik retired at the end of the 1971 season. Du Preez was nominated by the magazine SA Rugby as the South African player of the century, and was the first South African to be honoured, along with Dr Danie Craven, in the International Hall of Fame in Auckland, New Zealand.

Thys Lourens represented Northern Transvaal in 168 games of which 84 he captained. He played in 8 Currie Cup finals (4 as captain) and was never on a losing side. He was a very resourceful captain and player and highly respected on and off the field. The partnership he established with Brigadier Buurman van Zyl, was the foundation on which the Blue Bulls built their dominance of the Currie Cup scene in the 1970s.

Naas Botha was, without doubt, the most controversial Northerns hero ever, because no-one was ever neutral about him. People either loved him or loved to hate him. Just like his predecessor, Hannes Brewis, Botha was a genius at fly-half and the great points machine. Amongst all true Northerns supporters, he was one of the greatest heroes of all time, however outside Northern Transvaal he was hated, because the supporters of other teams feared him. Botha's popularity was mainly due to his excellence with the boot. He was the greatest match winner SA rugby has ever seen and has a record that speaks for itself. Botha was fetched by Buurman van Zyl from the Tukkies under-20 team, and included him as a 19-year-old in the most successful side of the 1970s. It was also Oom Buurman who chose him as captain of the Blue Bulls in 1980 over many other more senior players like Daan du Plessis, Jan Oberholzster and Louis Moolman. His great claim to fame came on the 1981 tour to New Zealand where he had the local public in canter. He was an absolute genius and his insight into and knowledge of the game and its rules, and his ability to motivate players, made him the ideal player-captain. Botha would probably have rewritten the record books far more often had it not been for apartheid, which robbed him of the opportunity to play regular test rugby. He was both a brilliant kicker and a true strategist. He received the SA Rugby Player of the Year award a record 4 times (1979, 1981, 1985 and 1987).

Uli Schmidt, son of Louis Schmidt, was the prince of hookers and a genius of a player. A medical doctor by profession he was a favourite amongst all Bulls supporters, even when leaving Northerns for arch-enemies Transvaal at the beginning of the 1993 season. Thanks to his fiery performance and expertise he played many times for his province and country and was desperately unlucky to miss out on the 1995 World Cup year due to a neck injury. If he had been able to play test rugby on a regular basis especially during the late 1980s, he would probably have been regarded as one of the world's greatest hookers. Legendary All Black lock, Colin Meads, in fact described Schmidt as the world's best hooker.

Johan Heunis was a true gentleman and probably the best full-back the union had ever produced. Except for the scrum-half, he played and gave outstanding performances in all the backline positions. In 1989, Heunis was nominated as SA Player of the Year. Naas Botha described Heunis as a; " ... ideal team mate in any crisis situation." He was rock solid on defence, very secure under the high-ball and fantastic with ball in hand.

In 1992, a young scrumhalf by the name of Joost van der Westhuizen partnered Naas Botha as the Bulls' halfback combination. Everyone knew he would become something very special, and with time he did. He is one of only a handful of players that have won a World Cup winners medal (1995), and Tri-Nations winners medal (1998) and a Currie Cup winners medals (1998 and 2002). He captained his side in both the Currie Cup finals he played and was later also awarded the captaincy of the Springboks in the 1999 World Cup.

It was not just on the field where Northern Transvaal have there heroes. Off the field heroes are as important as the on-the-field ones.

Professor Fritz Eloff and Brigadier Buurman van Zyl will be remembered as the greatest of all Blue Bulls heroes off the field. Eloff was the chairman of the Northern Transvaal Rugby Union for 26 years, and one of the most acclaimed and respected rugby personalities in South Africa. He was also Deputy Chairman of the South African Rugby Board for 15 years, member of the International Rugby Board for 27 years as well as chairman for a term, and co-chairman of the SA Rugby Football Union (SARFU). During his time at the helm Northern Tranvaal played in 18 finals, winning 11 and drawing 3 times.

Brig. van Zyl remains not only the most successful coach the Blue Bulls have produced to date, but also the most successful Currie Cup coach of all time. He started coaching the Bulls in 1968 and for the following 14 seasons (except 1972 when poor health forced him to take a temporary leave from coaching) he coached Northerns to 12 finals winning 9 times sharing it twice. He lost only once in a final. Springbok and Northern Transvaal lock and later coach, John Williams said, "For him, it was about fitness, motivation and discipline. In his days as coach, Northern Transvaal won many of their matches in the dying minutes of the game."

Williams in his own right a legend was privileged to be able "to drink from the full rugby cup", first as a player and thereafter as coach and administrator. He doesn't know whether his remarkable hat trick is a first for Blue Bull rugby, but he is proud of the fact that, as player, he was on the winning side in Currie Cup rugby three times from 1973 to 1975 and was the Bulls coach when they won the Cup in 1987 and 1988 and shared it with Western Province in 1989. He was part of the Blue Bulls' administration when the team won the cup in 1998.

Another Bulls coaching legend is Heyneke Meyer. Meyer has coached his side to victories in the 2002, 2003 and 2004 finals, and drew in the 2006 final. He became the first South African coach to achieve success at Super Rugby level when the Bulls beat the Sharks in 2007. Meyer coached the Springboks from 2012 to December 2015.

Home Stadium
Loftus Versfeld Stadium in Pretoria, which was first used for sports in 1906, and rugby in 1908, when the site was known as the Eastern Sports Ground. The stadium was later renamed after Mr Robert Loftus Owen Versfeld, the founder of organised sports in Pretoria, and dedicated many years of his life to rugby union. Due to the Bulls exemplary record when playing at home, the stadium is often referred to as "Fortress Loftus" by South Africans. The stadium at its current configuration has a 52,000 all-seater capacity, and is shared with the Bulls. The stadium is expected to receive minor upgrades in the near future as it will be hosting matches at the 2010 FIFA World Cup. It will not be the first time this has happened and since 1948 there have been continuous improvements on the stadium:

1972 - Upper Eastern Pavilion 1974 - Lower Southern Pavilion 1977 - Main Pavilion 1984 - Northern Pavilion 1989 - South just as it is today 1995 - East just as it is today

The Blue Bulls represent the Limpopo province in the Currie Cup, the northernmost province in South Africa, as well as part of the Gauteng province, drawing all their players from these two areas. In age group and Women's rugby Limpopo is represented by a sub union called the.

During the 1920s the Pretoria Sub-union had not foreseen the growing need for fields, but in the first part of that decade, the Sub-union, in co-operation with the Municipality, systematically put their existing rugby fields under kikuyu. University and Boys' High followed their example in 1923, so that there were seven grass fields available in that year. The Railway Institute field at Berea Park was similarly grassed in 1924. At the end of 1928 there were ten grass fields in Pretoria. The Pretoria Sub-union also wished to improve the facilities at the Eastern Sports Ground. In 1923 the City Council commenced the building of a concrete stand which could accommodate 2 000 spectators. At the end of 1928, mainly as a result of the All Blacks tour, the Sub-union could show a record financial gain and used the profits to erect the changing-rooms and toilets they had waited for, for so long.

Current squad
The following players have been included so far in the Blue Bulls squad for the 2023 Currie Cup Premier Division:

Results per opposition
The Blue Bulls full Currie Cup playing record against other teams in the professional era since 1996.

 * All this data includes all playoff matches (quarterfinals, semi-finals and finals)
 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2005 and 2016 Currie Cup Qualification results included.
 * 2000 Bankfin Cup results included.
 * Correct as of 15 July 2023

Records
Blue Bulls records:

Finals
1 Northern Transvaal was renamed to the Blue Bulls. 2 Transvaal was renamed to the Golden Lions. 3 The Orange Free State have since been renamed to the Free State Cheetahs.

Third tier of South African Rugby
Bankfin Nite Series seasons 1996 - 1997

Vodacom Cup seasons 1998 - 2015

SuperSport Rugby Challenge 2017 - present

Seasons
Blue Bulls results for each season were as follows:

Results per opposition
The Blue Bulls Vodacom Cup and SuperSport Rugby Challenge results vs different opponents 1998-2019

Added together based on the fact that both competitions serves as the second tier in South African rugby. In some of these fixtures, the Blue Bulls were represented by the.

 * Fixtures as the included.
 * All this data includes all playoff matches (quarterfinals, semi-finals and finals)
 * All fixtures added 1998 - 2019
 * Updated until round seven of the 2019 Rugby Challenge.

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High View, West Virginia

High View is an unincorporated community in Hampshire County, West Virginia, United States. It is located south of Capon Bridge along West Virginia Route 259 on the Virginia line. High View is home to the Bhavana Society Forest Monastery and Retreat Center. According to the 2000 census, the High View community has a population of 791.

Historic sites

 * Timber Ridge Christian Church (1875), WV 259
 * Timber Ridge Camping Reservation (1955), WV 259

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Talk:David Keirsey

Temperament traits cause mental illness?
Commentary removed from article: He believes also that boys with intuitive and perceiving (*N*P) traits would be frequently mis-diagnosed as having the attention deficite disorder AD(H)D, ignoring that an AD(H)D condition could well be regarded as the cause of an *N*P temperament.

This is the last straw
This is the last straw. It is obvious that every person publishing anything regarding controversies concerning adhd and psychiatry on this website are blatantly injecting thier points of view and it makes me sick. I will never ever use wikipedia again, it is completely unprofessional and misleading.

 * Your commentary is completely unproffesional (though unlikely to mislead or otherwise impress upon anyone), Mr. Mystery (you failed to sign your post). David Keirsey does not attack the entire profession of psychiatry, but merely the glaringly obvious overuse (and abuse) of clinical drugs to treat situations which could, with much better effects, be dealt with in a psychological manner.  ADHD and ADD are very prominent examples, since the administration of drugs has not really been shown to improve the 'symptoms' of this ill-defined 'disorder', and yet psychological analysis of the individual aimed at reforming their habits HAS been shown to be markedly reliable.  Although of course it all depends upon the decisions of the particular individual, in the end.  Why do you rail against the idea that ADHD and ADD are commonly misdiagnosed?  What is your personal agenda?  Have you made a dogmatic belief system out of the idea that Ritalin and/or other drugs are THE treatment for these 'disorders'?  David W. Keirsey is known as one of the top psychologists with regard to personality types and temperaments, worldwide. Matthew A.J.י.B. 01:52, 10 August 2006 (UTC)

Stimulants are one of the few classes of medications to be regarded as both safe and effective in the the treatment of symptoms in a mental disorder. There is a wide body of clinical evidence that supports this. Keirsey would do well to stay away from the language of the Anti-Psychiatry movement which is clearly biased and lacking any sort of scientific creditbility. Some of his past writings may weigh heavily on his reputation. --Scuro 04:40, 15 December 2006 (UTC)

 * Scuro obviously likes to make statements that are patently false, and most likely has a personal agenda in promoting stimulants (much like a drug pusher). There are plenty of cases where prolonged use of proscribed stimulants have played havoc with a person's life.  Pill pushing has no "scientific" basis either -- no one can say what happens to the brain long-term when given neurotransmitter effecting chemicals. Dr. Keirsey personally knew individuals that had been damaged by institutional (school) sanctioned drugging.

Oh yes, the ancedotal story as proof of a viewpoint. Name calling also gives one credibility.

Here is the Surgeon General's report card on theraputic stimulants. http://www.surgeongeneral.gov/library/mentalhealth/chapter3/images/fig3_2.jpg --Scuro 14:25, 24 December 2006 (UTC)

 * Scuro does not understand much. His scientific evidence is pretty lame: a government report, I can't think of anything more unscientific than a government report. It looks like a committee's subjective grades of psychopharmalogical drugs.  Probably the same quality of the DSM IV: mostly bunk. One might ask oneself what the report means by "long-term safety" -- did they do a long term study to determine this, how can they determine "safety."  Why do some kids on Ritalin, make money selling their drugs for others to get high?  Name calling-- ok, Scuro is a legal drug pusher or a shill for the drug companies. A Spade is a Spade.

I believe everyone here needs to look back and realize what is going on here. We are not publishing point of view papers, then why are we arguing about point of view. Unfortunatly Scuro, although badly worded in some areas, which I will do my best to fix, most of what is said in that paragraph is truth, it is true that Keirsey advocates that point of view. This is not a forum for you to argue with him, I doubt very much that he is looking. Brynstick 15:26, 27 January 2007 (UTC)

I have gone over the controverted paragraph, making sure that every time a fact was stated it was preceded by "Keirsey thinks". Feel free to comment but, although you may argue with his opinion, I don't see how anyone could disagree with this article. Dr. Keirsey does say this stuff. Brynstick 15:34, 27 January 2007 (UTC)

 * I just finished reading one of Keirsey's own articles about ADHD/ADD, which really got under my skin! (I'm a happily medicated and functional ADHDer.) That being said, although there are possibly a couple sentences in the ADHD Controversy section that might betray a slight pro-Keirsey bias, I'm satisfied with its overall NPOV tone. Since no one has added anything here in several months, I'm taking down the NPOV tag. Hope you all agree with me. Grease Bandit 23:25, 14 June 2007 (UTC)

In response to the original comment that Wikipedia is unprofessional - you're right, it is. It's not written and edited by professionals, but by volunteers, thousands of them from all over the world. There's no vast Wikipedia conspiracy for or against a particular point of view. Sometimes people interject their own beliefs, either consciously or unconsciously. So if you think an article violates NPOV, tag it - or better yet, fix it. ThreeOfCups (talk) 03:03, 20 September 2008 (UTC)

 * My opinions about ADHD and ADD are irrelevant. THIS is relevant: The article has no references other than to Keirsey's own website! That is not satisfactory for Wikipedia content. No, that isn't quite correct. There is a good reference from the Pomona College Alumni Magazine, which was an interview of Keirsey in 2005. It has been hidden down below all the cruddy "See also's" and other external links though. Sorry, they aren't all cruddy. The references to books written by Carl Jung and Isabel Myers are great. They just aren't especially relevant, and not as the sole primary sources for Keirsey. E.g. Carl (Karl?) Jung was dead before Keirsey had finished school, for example, so there is no way that Jung was writing about Keirsey. He shouldn't be cited here.

 * This article needs serious work. The single good reference from Pomona College has a lot of material, and is credible. More important, it is acceptable for Wikipedia's purposes. I'm going to tag this if I can figure out how, and hope that some of the unsourced content can be cut away.--FeralOink (talk) 03:51, 28 February 2013 (UTC)

innapropriate
It is innappropriate and biased to cite this(removed portion)

C. G. Jung
It should be noted that the majority of Keirsey's work is in fact based on that of C. G. Jung. Keirsey just simplified and commercialized it in order to make a business of it. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 217.85.209.184 (talk) 15:49, 18 October 2009 (UTC)

Death
Apparently David Keirsey has recently died. I am sorry to hear of this. Some editors will insist as a matter of policy that dates of recent deaths are only added if a reliable reference can be included for verification. I understand the sensible reasons for this but sometimes this is difficult to do for some time and sometimes it is not possible at all. If anyone can provide some reliable citation for David's death please include it as soon as possible. Thanks. Afterwriting (talk) 14:17, 1 August 2013 (UTC)

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title: Talk:David Keirsey


text:
Points, West Virginia

Points is an unincorporated community in Hampshire County in the U.S. state of West Virginia. According to the 2000 census, the Points community has a population of 478.

Points is named for its location at an intersection, namely where Jersey Mountain Road (West Virginia Secondary Route 5) and the old Springfield Grade Road (West Virginia Secondary Route 3) intersect. From Springfield to Points, the grade has been renamed Springfield Pike and from Points to Slanesville, it has been renamed Slanesville Pike.

title: Points, West Virginia


text:
Francesco Robortello

Francesco Robortello (Franciscus Robortellus; 1516–1567) was a Renaissance humanist, nicknamed Canis grammaticus ("the grammatical dog") for his confrontational and demanding manner.

As scholar
Robortello, who was born in Udine, was an editor of rediscovered works of Antiquity, who taught philosophy and rhetoric, as well as ethics (following Aristotle), and Latin and Greek, roving from Padua through universities at Lucca, Pisa, Venice, Padua, and Bologna before finally returning to Padua in 1560.

Robortello's scientific approach to textual emendations laid the groundwork for modern Hermeneutics. His commentary on Aristotle's Poetics formed the basis for Renaissance and 17th century theories of comedy, influential in writing for the theatre everywhere save in England. At the same time he was the conservative Aristotelian philosopher who urged woman to submit her will to that of her husband on the basis of her moral weakness, in his libro politicos: Aristotelis disputatio (Venice, 1552, p. 175, quoted Comensoli 1989).

He followed his In librum Aristotelis de arte poetica explicationes (1548), in which he emended the Latin version of Alessandro de’ Pazzi (published 1536), with a paraphrase of Horace's Ars Poetica and with explications of genres missing in the surviving text of Aristotle: De Satyra, De Epigrammate, De Comoedia, De Salibus, De Elegia.

In the fields of philology and history he sustained controversies in print with Carolus Sigonius and Vincenzo Maggi in the form of essay-like orations, correcting the editions published in Venice by Aldus Manutius, and even philological missteps of Erasmus. These brief essays were collected and published at intervals. A convention of surveys of Italian linguistics (Gensini 1993) is to start with Robortello.

Robortello died at Padua, where, in the 1550s, one of his pupils was Giacomo Zabarella. Another pupil was Jan Kochanowski, a poet who wrote both in Polish and Latin and introduced the ideas, forms and spirit of the Renaissance into Polish literature.

Main works

 * De historica facultate disputatio (alternatively as De arte historica), 1548; 1567. An incunable of historiography.
 * De rhetorica facultate, 1548
 * In Aristotelis poeticam explicationes, Florence 1548, 2nd edition 1555. Reinterpreting Aristotle's Poetics for the humanist.
 * Dionysi Longini rhetoris praestantissimi liber de grandi sive sublimiorationis genere ... cum adnotationibus, Basel 1554. Recovering the lost literary criticism of Longinus, On the Sublime.
 * Thesaurus criticus, 1557, second edition, 1604
 * De arte, sive ratione corrigendi antiquorum libros disputatio, Florence 1548; 2nd edition 1562 This "Lecture on the art and method of correcting the books of the old writers" was one of the first critical discussions of the methodologies to apply in correcting texts of Antiquity.
 * De artificio dicendi 1567. A textbook of rhetoric.

title: Francesco Robortello


text:
Junction, West Virginia

Junction is an unincorporated community in Hampshire County in the U.S. state of West Virginia. Historically referred to as Moorefield Junction, Junction received its name because of its location at the crossroads of U.S. Route 220/West Virginia Route 28 and the Northwestern Turnpike (U.S. Route 50). The community is located along Mill Creek.

Historic sites

 * Sloan–Parker House (1790), Northwestern Turnpike (US 50)
 * Trinity Church, Trinity Road (CR 220/11)

title: Junction, West Virginia


text:
Sedan, West Virginia

Sedan is an unincorporated community in Hampshire County in the U.S. state of West Virginia. Sedan is located between Hanging Rock and Delray on Delray Road (West Virginia Route 29) in the North River Valley. The community was named for the Battle of Sedan, shortly after the battle was fought during the Franco-Prussian War on September 1, 1870. A post office operated in Sedan from 1871 to 1935.

title: Sedan, West Virginia


text:
Talk:Dutch roll

Quote from the article:

''This technique is more commonly referred to as a slip. If the airspeed is allowed to decay the aircraft can stall, and the crossed controls can cause it to spin''

That's completely untrue. Stalling in a side slip will NOT induce a spin.

Also, the speed is irrelevant in stalling a side slip. If you pull the stick back to the point of stall with crossed controls, you will fall out of the sky like a brick and may even notice an increase in airspeed.

>>>>>>>>>> I beg to differ. I don't know where you got your information, but I spent three years in an aero engineering program, I've been a private pilot for more than 10 years, and I'm building an Experimental aircraft.

Stalling with crossed controls is *precisely* how you enter a spin. Not all aircraft WILL spin, but the sentence is accurate as it stands - a spin CAN result from a stall with crossed controls.

A sideslip will normally result in an increase in descent rate without an increase in airspeed. Pilots of aircraft without flaps (such as the one I'm building) commony use sideslip to control rate of decent on final approach. For a wheels-eye view of what that looks like, see this video clip: Video of a slip from camera mounted on landing gear

Brendano 13:40, 29 August 2005 (UTC)

______________ That's fine - You can beg to differ if you want. I got my "information" from years of competing in aerobatics. Thanks for the video - I fly a Pitts - I see that every time I land.

First you say that crossed controls is "precisely" how you enter a spin - And then the very next sentence you say that this will not put all aircraft into a spin.. So which is it? If you think crossed controls is "precisely" how you get into a spin, we'd better let CIVA, Haute Voltige and all aerobatic training organisations know that they've been doing "precisely" the wrong thing all these years - That is stick full back an full rudder... Thanks for clarifying this for us.

I suspect you were thinking of accelerated spins - where the controls are crossed - But this is done AFTER the spin has been initiated. If you pull full backstick with crossed controls (accelerated stall in a sideslip) - it won't enter a spin. I tried this several times out of curiosity before I posted. See this video of an accelerated spin: http://www.airborne-aviation.com.au/gallery/videos/pitts050813-spins.wmv The controls aren't crossed until one full rotation has been avhieved - For this reason.

Also - Being a Pitts pilot I obviously know that a controlled sideslip on finals will increase descent rate without increasing airspeed - Read what I wrote again - if you induce and sustain a stall in a sideslip, airspeed MAY (and most likely will) increase as you plunge to Earth.

It's one of those aviation myths - Like falling out of downwind turns and bernoulli being the primary generator of lift... I know we'll just have to agree to disagree on this.

Technical
I added the "too technical" comment here and at phugoid because I had no idea what a "rudder singlet or doublet" is. Most of the article is a little beyond the average reader, I think, but it's a fairly esoteric topic. Still, it could be made more accessible.--andersonpd 22:58, 26 October 2005 (UTC)

 * I added a common language first sentence and some clarifying details on singlets & doublets. I'm removing the technical tag. Knotnic 22:26, 21 December 2005 (UTC)

 * Believe me, this is as non-technical a description as is possible. I would have started with the factorisation of the lateral stability quartic. You know, kept things nice and simple by just considering stick-fixed stability. Gordon Vigurs 08:13, 30 May 2006 (UTC)

 * I also find it difficult to understand it. I'm a pilot and a student aerospace engineer, yet, I barely understand what this article is trying to explain here. Perhaps graphical illustration and more structual explanation would help. En51cm 05:35, 23 March 2007 (UTC)

Aerobatics doesn't seem to pay off
Sorry to tell you Brendano but you are incorrect. I have been a flight instructor for some time and have flown many different airplanes. If you recall from AC 61-67 a spin is "an aggravated stall resulting in autorotation." You are correct that a stall while in a sideslip will greatly increase rate of descent. Also, in MOST airplanes a slip will not result in a spin if actions are taken within a reasonable amount of time to counteract the situation. The determining factor is the stability characteristics, control authority, and weight and balance. I have put airplanes into a spin both through slips, and skids. It sounds like you are speaking from experience in a Pitts which I have not had the pleasure to fly, but your dear friend above has hands down won the argument.

Etymology?
There are currently two contradictory Etymologies for Dutch Roll in the article.

One states "The name comes from the movement that (Dutch) skaters make when skating on ice." and the other states "The name comes from the original design of Dutch ships that had very rounded bottoms for a lower draft". They cannot both be correct.

Could someone please verify which is correct. Ideally, quoting a verifiable source. eg. My first piloting book ISBN 747-360-90-0 states on page 6 "Flying through low cloud in mountainous regions is asking for trouble...." GordonTG 23:30, 5 November 2007 (UTC)

I'd also like to propose a third: the roll aspect is similar to the cinemaic term Dutch Angle. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_angle Frankly, all of these seem like folk etymoligies with zero real evidence. Paulc206 (talk) 02:33, 9 February 2008 (UTC)

 * Usually "dutch" is a synonym for "fake" or "weak" in terms like this (Dutch courage = alcohol, for example). Herr Gruber (talk) 10:43, 15 November 2014 (UTC)

The term is used (though not defined) in a 1910 book (but not in the Sep. 1910 newspaper article where the passage first appeared), as well as in a 1912 magazine article.

WikiProject class rating
This article was automatically assessed because at least one WikiProject had rated the article as start, and the rating on other projects was brought up to start class. BetacommandBot 09:48, 10 November 2007 (UTC)

Illustrating the out-of-phase modes
It seems to me that Image:DutchRoll AnimGIF 01.gif fails to illustrate that the roll and yaw oscillations are out of phase. Perhaps it is instead the derivative of yaw and the roll which are out of phase; I'm not sure what "lags significantly behind" means. Is there a correction to be made here? --Tardis (talk) 16:25, 10 June 2008 (UTC)

 * Hi, I study Aerospace Dynamics and I can verify that the animation of the Dutch roll is incorrect, the roll and yaw rates should not be in phase with each other as shown. 86.31.145.31 (talk) 19:58, 12 December 2023 (UTC)
 * Agreed, and more than that, each part of the illustration is not showing that both are happening. One part shows only yaw and the other part shows only roll.  But we should be able to see some yaw effect in the roll part and some roll effect in the yaw part. 2605:A601:9127:800:E15A:5DD7:6248:C061 (talk) 11:24, 14 June 2024 (UTC)

Please clarify this article
Hi there. I can't tell from this article whether a Dutch roll is something that happens to an airplane (that the pilot works to correct) or something that the pilot does on purpose. Please make the introduction more clear about this. 67.81.69.0 (talk) 17:49, 16 December 2008 (UTC)

Misleading GIF animations
I know it might be difficult to get the subtleties of motion right, but the gifs really do mislead. The nose-on view doesn't show oscillation in sideslip, which is really important. 72.93.199.141 (talk) 18:12, 20 May 2009 (UTC)

Added Adverse Yaw Reference
In the interest of making this article as informative to the "armchair pilots" as possible, I linked the section the original author called "rolling on a heading" to adverse yaw. This serves to introduce the "feeling" of adverse yaw at the controls, then offers the correct term for the phenomenon and links the reader to a full explanation. This is the first edit I've really done on Wikipedia, please let me know if it's acceptable.

(Interestingly, I've only ever heard it called adverse yaw in the glider, powered, and aerobatic communities I've been a part of or spoken to.) —Preceding unsigned comment added by 67.174.112.199 (talk) 19:30, 5 August 2010 (UTC)

External links modified (January 2018)
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Unclear paragraph under Mechanism
What does "excited" mean in this context? Cousin Ricky (talk) 17:55, 14 December 2019 (UTC)

 * It means “initiated” or “caused by”. The tendency to display the Dutch roll can be dormant, just waiting for an adequate stimulus to cause it to start. When a suitable stimulus arrives and the Dutch roll commences, we say excitation of the instability has occurred. We say the stimulus “excites” the Dutch roll motion. Dolphin ( t ) 01:08, 15 December 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:Dutch roll


text:
Star Valley

Star Valley is located in the United States between the Salt River Range in western Wyoming and the Webster Range of eastern Idaho. The altitude of the valley ranges from 5600 ft to 7000 ft. Three major Wyoming rivers, the Salt River, the Greys River and the Snake River meet near Alpine Junction at Palisades Reservoir. Numerous towns are located in the valley, including Afton, Thayne, Bedford, Etna, Smoot, Fairview, Osmond, Freedom, Grover, Auburn, Alpine, Nordic, Turnerville and Star Valley Ranch. Star Valley was settled in the late 1870s by Mormon pioneers. Primary sources indicate Star Valley was proclaimed the "Star of All Valleys" for its natural beauty by a general authority of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). The name was later shortened to Star Valley. Another less supported theory about the origin of the name comes from Starvation (Starve) Valley, a name the area gained during bitter winters in the late 1880s.

History
Star Valley was inhabited mainly by Shoshone Indians in the summer and fall months until the early 19th century. The natives were drawn to the valley for its abundant game and the pure salt deposits found near the present town of Auburn and also to the south of Afton, Wyoming.

American explorers are known to have traveled through the area as early as 1812, seeking new routes to the West Coast. Canadian and American trappers followed, frequenting the area through the 1840s. The 1850s and 1860s saw many emigrants passing through the upper Star Valley area via the Lander Road on the Oregon Trail. White settlement of the area did not begin in earnest, though, until the late 1870s when LDS Apostles Moses Thatcher and Brigham Young, Jr. chose the valley for colonization. Archibald Gardner and members of his extended family arrived in 1889, building and operating five mills of various types in the valley.

On October 1, 2011, Thomas S. Monson, president of the LDS Church, announced in General Conference that the Star Valley Wyoming Temple would be built in the valley. The location was announced on May 25, 2012, to be just east of U.S. Highway 89 on the Haderlie Farm property just south of Afton. The temple was completed and dedicated on October 30, 2016, by LDS Apostle David A. Bednar, the 154th dedicated temple in operation.

Communities

 * Afton
 * Alpine
 * Auburn
 * Bedford
 * Etna
 * Freedom
 * Grover
 * Thayne
 * Smoot
 * Star Valley Ranch

title: Star Valley


text: User talk:213.224.82.23

title: User talk:213.224.82.23


text: File:Crown royal (album).jpg

title: File:Crown royal (album).jpg


text:
Julius Eggeling

Hans Julius Eggeling (1842–1918) was professor of Sanskrit at the University of Edinburgh from 1875 to 1914, second holder of its Regius Chair of Sanskrit, and Secretary of the Royal Asiatic Society, London.

Eggeling was translator and editor of the Satapatha Brahmana in 5 volumes of the monumental Sacred Books of the East series edited by Max Müller, author of the main article on Sanskrit in the Encyclopædia Britannica, and curator of the University Library from 1900 to 1913. In August 1914 he left for a vacation in his native Germany, but because of World War I, he was unable to return before his death in 1918.

He lived on Brunstane Road in Joppa, Edinburgh.

title: Julius Eggeling


text:
File:BarbadosCoin-dollar-1988-reverse.JPG

A Barbados Dollar-1988


text:
RGD-33 grenade

The Soviet RGD-33 (Ручная Граната Дьяконова образца 33 года >Ruchnaya Granata Djakonova obraztsa 33 goda, "Hand Grenade, Dyakonov design, pattern year 1933") is an anti-personnel fragmentation stick grenade developed in 1933.

The grenade was composed of three separate pieces that were stored in different crates until use: the warhead and sleeve, spring-loaded handle, and fuze tube. They were assembled and issued only before combat. The warhead and handle were screwed together and carried in a grenade pouch and the fuzes were wrapped in waxed paper and carried separately in the pouch's internal pocket. There was a hole in the outer handle to the right of the thumb catch that lined up with bars of paint on the inner handle, making a colored dot - a white dot meant safe and a red dot meant the handle assembly was cocked. It would not be armed unless the fuze tube had been inserted, which would be done only before throwing.

Use
Before arming, a locking catch on the outer handle must be released by flipping it to the left, exposing the white dot in the cutout. (This unlocks the inner and outer handles; the inner handle remains fixed and the outer handle rotates.) The operator then grasps the warhead with their offhand and grips the handle with their throwing hand. The handle is then pulled back, rotated clockwise to the right and pushed in; a red dot will appear in the window to indicate it was now cocked. The thumb safety is now pushed to the right to cover the red dot in the cutout, making it safe. The top of the warhead had a metal cover over the fuze well that was pushed aside, allowing the fuse to be inserted; it is disarmed by pushing the catch open, causing the fuze to pop out and be retrieved.

The operator arms the fuze by flipping the switch to the left, exposing the red dot. The operator then throws the grenade; a good throw could send the grenade 30-40 m. The forward momentum of the head and the spring-loaded handle cause the fuze clip to drop back and then move forward, striking the fuze and beginning the time delay.

Upon detonation the shell fragments in rectangular, thin fragments, which, along with the casing and detonator fragments, decelerate rapidly in air. Due to the fragments' rapid loss of velocity, the kill radius is small, making this grenade an "offensive" type. The fragmentation kill radius was approximately 15 m with the sleeve and 10 m without. As with most grenades of this era, there is potential for large fragment projection a great distance further than the throw.

The grenade was unusual but not unique, in that it had an optional "jacket" – a thick metal fragmentation sleeve weighing an average of 270 g. When fitted over the grenade the sleeve improves the kill radius by producing a number of diamond-shaped, heavier fragments. With the jacket installed the grenade was said to be in "defensive" mode.

History
It was designed to replace the ageing Model 1914 grenade and was used during World War II. The grenade was complicated to use and manufacture. After the German invasion of the USSR, the simple and crude RG-42 was developed to slowly replace it.

Axis forces used captured stores as the HG 337(r), or Handgranate 337 (russische).

title: RGD-33 grenade


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Nathan Windsor

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was DELETE. Paul August ☎ 03:34, September 3, 2005 (UTC)

Nathan Windsor
No Google or Yahoo hits for '"Nathan Windsor" NASA' or "Nathan Windsor astronaut', and a search just for "Nathan Windsor" doesn't bring up anything that verifies this entry. Zoe 23:49, August 26, 2005 (UTC)
 * I agree, this looks bogus. List of astronauts by name is silent on this guy too. There doesn't appear to be a List of Canadian astronauts though... Aha, it's at Canadian_space_program. Trollderella 23:56, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete as hoax. Capitalistroadster 01:32, 27 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete unless someone cites a reliable source. Fg2 02:02, August 27, 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Threads (Stargate SG-1)

"Threads" is an  episode from Season 8 of the science fiction television series Stargate SG-1. Amanda Tapping won a Leo Award in the category "Dramatic Series: Best Lead Performance - Female" and Michael Shanks was nominated, for a Leo Award in the category "Dramatic Series: Best Lead Performance - Male" for this episode.

Plot
Ba'al is still missing, but the Jaffa have finally won their freedom from the Goa'uld. Teal'c and Bra'tac are awarded the title Bloodkin by the new Free Jaffa Nation, following the defeat of the Replicators and the Goa'uld. Jack O'Neill refuses to accept that Daniel Jackson is dead, believing that Daniel has managed to Ascend.

Jacob Carter reveals to Sam that he is dying, and urges her to find happiness without letting rules stand in her way, implying that she should be in a relationship with Jack. After his death, Sam ends her engagement to Pete.

Daniel finds himself in a strange ethereal diner full of people, Daniel recognizes Oma Desala. He learns that this place is a projection of a meeting place for Ascended beings. The diner is full of other Ascended Ancients, who refuse to speak with Daniel because of the rules of the Ascended. One other man, Jim, seems to be arguing with Oma and shows Daniel a newspaper detailing Anubis' plan to retake Dakara and use the Dakara Superweapon to kill all life in the galaxy. Luring most of the Jaffa away, Anubis regains the weapon when he recaptures Dakara.

Back in the Ascended Diner, Oma explains she has been punished for helping people, like Daniel, Ascend. Daniel then realizes that Anubis is half-ascended, and Oma helps him Ascend. The other Ancients refused to completely de-ascend Anubis as part of Oma's punishment for breaking the rules, despite the fact that he is still a threat to the galaxy. Daniel then realizes Jim is Anubis - Anubis' chosen manifested form in his half-protrusion into the Ascended realm.

Back on Earth, the gate dials when Anubis activates the weapon on every gate in the galaxy. However, back in the Ascended realm, Daniel has persuaded Oma to take responsibility for Anubis. She stands up to fight Anubis, and all of the other ancients turn in surprise. Anubis laughs, saying that she cannot possibly defeat him, as he is kept alive as punishment, and Oma takes Anubis into the Ascended realm to fight him there and prevent him from acting in the galaxy. Daniel is returned to the SGC from the Ascended Realm. SG-1 celebrates with a fishing trip to Jack's cottage.

Production
The episode originally aired as a 63-minute piece, but an edited 45-minute version exists for syndication. When the season was initially released on DVD, the release contained the shortened 45-minute version. Due to complaints, MGM offered a rebate, whereby people could send in proof of purchase from the DVD with the shortened episode to receive a DVD with the original episode. When the season was re-released in slimline cases, it contained the full 63-minute episode as did the standard Region 2 version of the Season 8 boxset. Neither version has a commentary featured on any of the Season 8 Box sets. The 45-minute version omits the following:
 * The "Previously on Stargate SG-1..." that is present in the 63-minute version.
 * The opening scene between Ba'al and the decaying Anubis where he says Ba'al has betrayed him.
 * The scene when Daniel first enters the diner, along with Oma explaining where exactly Daniel was and how he got there.
 * The entire scene of knighting Bra'tac and Teal'c on Dakara - nothing is mentioned of Jaffa's freedom save they have control of the weapon.
 * Some bantering between Pete and Sam when they walk down the corridors of the SGC and the bantering between Sam, Pete and Jacob.
 * All scenes of Bra'tac and Teal'c on a ship.
 * Jack waking up with Kerry in his bed.
 * Daniel trying to talk to the other Ancients in the diner.
 * The phone call from Pete, the florist scene and driving to the new house.
 * Sam waiting in the car outside Jack's house.
 * Daniel says "No syrup?"

Also, some may notice that the diner is Der Waffelhouse set from the Showtime series Dead Like Me (both shows are produced by MGM Television in Vancouver). The diner is the set of the main meeting place in most, if not all, episodes of Dead Like Me.

Reception
Amanda Tapping won a Leo Award in the category "Dramatic Series: Best Lead Performance - Female" and Michael Shanks was nominated for a Leo Award in the category "Dramatic Series: Best Lead Performance - Male" for this episode.

title: Threads (Stargate SG-1)


text:
L'Escala

L'Escala is a municipality in the comarca of the Alt Empordà in Girona, Catalonia, Spain. It is situated on the Costa Brava, located between the southern end of the Gulf of Roses and Cala (bay) Montgó. It is an important fishing port and tourist centre, and has a festival dedicated to its famous anchovies. The GE-513 road runs inland from the town.

The Alfolí de la Sal, also known as the Pòsit Vell, is a seventeenth-century warehouse formerly used to store the salt necessary to preserve fish landed at the port: it is now a protected historic-artistic monument. The ruins of Empúries are located on the territory of the municipality, with Phoenician and Roman remains dating from 580 BC.

L'Escala is the village of Víctor Català (pseudonym of Caterina Albert, 1869-1966) a famous novelist.

The GR 92 long distance footpath, which roughly follows the length of the Mediterranean coast of Spain, passes through L'Escala on its stage between Sant Martí d'Empúries and Torroella de Montgrí.

title: L'Escala


text:
Citizen Joe

"Citizen Joe" is the fifteenth episode for season eight of the Canadian-American military science fiction television series Stargate SG-1. The episode features known voice actor Dan Castellaneta, who voices Homer Simpson in The Simpsons. The episode was written by executive producer Robert C. Cooper, the episode was directed by Andy Mikita. The episode received a below average Nielsen household rating and received no syndication rating to compare. The episode got strong reviews from major media publishers worldwide.

"Citizen Joe" follows an Indiana barber (portrayed by Dan Castellaneta) who carries the Ancient Technology Activation gene (ATA Gene) and has his life ruined when, through an Ancient device, he begins to have visions of SG-1's missions from season one to season eight. His life is given back to him when Jack O'Neill informs his nearly divorced wife of what had been going on. This episode is a clip show.

Plot
The episode opens with Jack O'Neill walking into his kitchen, talking on the phone to Samantha Carter about his "world famous omelette", when a man O'Neill has never met bursts in with a gun claiming that O'Neill has ruined his life. The viewer is then taken to a flashback 7 years earlier where Joe, the man in O'Neill's house, is at a garage sale and picks up a mysterious black stone. When he does, he receives a vision of SG-1 going through the Stargate against orders in the season 1 episode "Within the Serpent's Grasp". He buys the stone and, as the episode progresses, continuously receives more and more visions of the exploration team.

Joe, unable to create or tell amusing jokes or stories of his own, tells of the visions he sees as if they were stories he had conjured out of thin air. To start with, he tells these visions to his son and the customers in his barbershop, entertaining them where he had previously been nothing but a bore. Later, at the suggestion of his wife, he starts to write them down and send them in to various magazines (all of which reject them) instead of telling each and every individual the tiniest of details relating to SG-1. As the episode goes on, skipping ahead in years, the people he tells start to get tired of the tales of SG-1 and, eventually, they stop coming to his barbershop. Despite his wife's urging, telling him to stop writing the episodes down, he continues to type and becomes convinced that the visions are actually happening. After years of too-intense focus on SG-1, long since passed into obsession, his wife leaves with their son. At this point he tries to find evidence that what he has been seeing is real, collecting data on mysterious stellar phenomenon and unexplained deaths, but is unable to contact Colonel O'Neill. Eventually, he tracks down where O'Neill lives, bringing the viewer to the opening scene.

It is then discovered that the reason Joe has been seeing the visions, flashes of the life of Jack O'Neill, is because of an Ancient long-range communication device brought back from P3R-233. The device, which was activated by O'Neill when he touched a mysterious black stone in Daniel Jackson's lab, connects two minds together telepathically and Joe, who possesses the same Ancient gene as O'Neill, activated the companion device when he touched the stone at the garage sale. That stone, we find out, was discovered by the grandfather of the garage sales operator and had been found at a dig in Egypt. When Jack had been on the base, writing his mission reports of their off-world adventures, the stone in Daniel's lab transmitted his thoughts to Joe. Conversely, O'Neill had been seeing visions of Joe's everyday life periodically, as the two devices could work in either direction; Jack never said anything because he found the visions "relaxing." At the close of the episode O'Neill helps Joe start to piece his life back together by personally talking to Joe's wife. Just as the camera pans out, O'Neill begins by telling Joe and his wife that "it's all true".

Production
Dan Castellaneta, who guest stars as Joe Spencer, is the voice of Homer Simpson on The Simpsons, which has been established as O'Neill's favorite television program. Joe also mentions that he sees O'Neill's analogy of Montgomery Burns as Goa'uld. Richard Dean Anderson would guest star on The Simpsons episode "Kiss Kiss, Bang Bangalore", written by Castellaneta, the following year. On the European and Australian DVD releases of Season 8, this is the 18th episode, not the 15th. The previous episode to "Citizen Joe" is "Full Alert" and the next episode is "Moebius Part 1" on those DVDs. Only the Region 1 DVD set has a commentary for this episode. Jonas Quinn (portrayed by Corin Nemec) is mentioned in this episode for the first time since "Death Knell". Bruce Woloshyn (digital effects supervisor) appears in a cameo as the garage sale homeowner who sells Joe Spencer the Ancient stone device.

title: Citizen Joe


text: User talk:209.212.118.253

title: User talk:209.212.118.253


text:
User:TheTrollKing/Sandbox

Microphone testing 1,2 1,2

title: User:TheTrollKing/Sandbox


text:
Full Alert

Full Alert may refer to:

 * Full Alert (film), 1997 Hong Kong film
 * An episode of Stargate SG-1 (season 8)

title: Full Alert


text:
Talk:Bayside, Dublin

Corrections
Someone recently made three errors, which may have looked like vandalism but were probably not: All of the above are now fixed. 83.250.203.10 23:44, 16 April 2007 (UTC)
 * two-storey (correct) was changed to two-story
 * a picture of a key feature of the Bayside coastline, Kilbarrack Church and Graveyard was removed. This was accompanied by a reference to it being in Sutton Park, which is not correct - Sutton Park is a housing estate behind it, and anyway, as per main article, Sutton Park is part of Bayside, not a different area in its own right (and not part of Sutton, despite the name - Sutton begins, as it has for over five hundred years, no closer than the Baldoyle Road).
 * the above action was commented in the text of the article!

Kilbarrack history, school
Gone southside but is there not a non-denominational school about in Bayside, worth a mention? And I think there is a book which has a lot to say about the old graveyard, albeit that is more of Kilbarrack's history. An AnCO project I think, back in the black 70's or 80's. And on the planning matter mentioned, perhaps a link? Or has a decision now been made? 195.16.40.133 23:51, 20 April 2007 (UTC)

 * Bayside = Kilbarrack Lower. Hence Kilbarrack graveyard is in Bayside. Look at a pre-OSI map of the area. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 188.141.58.109 (talk) 18:36, 13 February 2010 (UTC)

Improvements / updates
The article is not bad now but could use:
 * 1-2 more photos - for example of the "Lamb Chop" park or the Community Garden, around the DART, some of the "green lanes"...
 * a little more of the history - who developed, what the concept was, and of the Community initiatives
 * maybe something about the excellent internal structure, with rare-in-Dublin lanes everywhere; it is one of the most walkable / least car-dependent later suburbs
 * along with a little more on the old Kilbarrack graveyard, a mention of the milestone

What would also be useful, if any source referenced it, is the actual area - e.g. some coverage of the fact that Bayside is a bit of an inland island, which somehow never fully included the houses on the coast road, from the corner at Kilbarrack Road to the border with Baldoyle. The developer-driven confusion with Sutton (whether at Sutton Cross or at the Baldoyle Road) is well-known locally but similarly poorly documented. SeoR (talk) 10:17, 30 May 2023 (UTC)

 * The developer was a major UK outfit, later Tory Party donor, Wates Group, who had a whole Irish branch based at their first Irish build, in Clontarf, and a solicitor office in Dublin. They did a decent job, though the wood fronting on some of the houses did not age well. But for the time, they were all centrally-heated, with some kind of insulation. Does not sound like much but it was not standard then. Less well-built than the Farrelly houses in Raheny but better than some in Sutton. Of course they tried to sell as @Sutton@ but we all knew that was just messing, as much as the claim of sea swimming on the doorstep. But Dollyer and Sutton Strand were reachable by no-hassle bus trips. And as you say above, the houses on the seafront never "joined" but remained resolutely "Dublin Road", no district in particular - but the deeds still say Kilbarrack. One other thing that might be good for an encyclopaedia, the Wates people had three tiers of housing project - when we were buying, Bayside was "lower cost", Dundrum "mid-price" and Cabinteely (yes, what was that about?) "premium"! They had done other areas over the preceding 20 years too. Oh, and each type of house had a name. We had a Victorian or Virginian, the "top" class in Bayside. Later they also built maisonettes, not much known then in Ireland. Wates really weren't a bad shower, they made the "green lanes of Bayside", mini-parks, buried cables, and won a fight with the Government to allow a shared TV aerial instead of bits of metal on every house. They left Ireland in the 1980's, I believe. Thanks, 89.100.109.110 (talk) 12:21, 31 May 2023 (UTC)

 * Thanks, will study this. I vaguely remember hearing of this company. SeoR (talk) 20:58, 31 May 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Bayside, Dublin


text:
Midland–Odessa

Midland–Odessa is a metropolitan area located in The Texas Plains approximately half-way between El Paso and Fort Worth, Texas. This combined statistical area (CSA) is made up of two metropolitan statistical areas (the Midland MSA and the Odessa MSA) and one micropolitan statistical area (Andrews μSA), and comprises four counties: Andrews, Ector, Martin, and Midland counties. The Midland–Odessa area is informally known as The Petroplex.

In the past, the cities of Midland and Odessa experienced a civic rivalry of bitter competition and political intrigue. Since the early 1990s, the nature of the rivalry has changed into one of friendly competition and economic cooperation. The Midland–Odessa area today is marketed as "Two Cities, no Limits."

Cities

 * Ackerly
 * Goldsmith
 * Midland
 * Odessa
 * Stanton

Census-designated places

 * Gardendale
 * West Odessa

Unincorporated communities

 * Greenwood
 * Lenorah
 * Notrees
 * Penwell
 * Tarzan

Geography and climate
The Midland–Odessa area, informally known as The Petroplex, akin to the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex, is located along Interstate 20 in West Texas in a petroleum rich area called the Permian Basin. The Permian Basin extends into the South Plains region just south of Lubbock, Texas, extending westward into southeastern New Mexico.

Midland–Odessa enjoys a climate typical of the resort cities of the Southwest United States. The terrain type is described as semi-arid mesquite-mixed grassland subtropical steppe. Winters are typically mild with a few seasonable cold spells. In the spring the wind is quite strong and the summer can bring extended heat waves with many consecutive days with highs of 100 degrees or more. The average rainfall of Midland–Odessa is 14.96 inches. Midland–Odessa is located in zone 8 according to the USDA 2003 Plant Hardiness Map. On average the area experiences 316 days of sunshine a year.

Combined statistical area
The Midland–Odessa, Texas, combined statistical area (CSA) is made up of two metropolitan statistical areas (MSA) and one micropolitan statistical area totalling four counties. The CSA includes Martin and Midland counties comprising the Midland MSA, Ector County comprising the Odessa MSA, and Andrews County comprising the Andrews micropolitan statistical area. The Midland–Odessa CSA encompasses 2,720 sq mi (7,044 km$2$) of area, of which 2,713 sq mi (7,027 km$2$) is land and 6.6 sq mi (18 km$2$) is water.

Demographics
As of the census of 2020, there were 340,391 people, 113,241 households, and 77,912 families residing within the CSA. The racial makeup of the CSA was 53.4% White (Non-Hispanic White 38.3%), 5.3% African American, 1.0% Native American, 1.8% Asian, 0.2% Pacific Islander, 16.8% from other races, and 21.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 51.6% of the population.

The median income for a household in the CSA was $35,117, and the median income for a family was $41,819. Males had a median income of $33,778 versus $23,013 for females. The per capita income for the CSA was $17,700.

Economy
The economy of the area is heavily dependent on the petroleum industry and has experienced a series of booms and busts as the price of crude oil has fluctuated. The Permian Basin is the source of the New York Mercantile Exchange's benchmark West Texas Intermediate Crude. Traditionally, the core cities of Midland and Odessa have played very distinct roles in the petroleum industry. Midland is home to most of the corporate offices and has a predominantly white-collar population. Odessa by contrast is home to mostly blue-collar workers and industrial facilities. In 2003 Family Dollar constructed its seventh distribution center, in its industrial complex, since then Telvista, an incoming call center, and Coca-Cola Enterprises have relocated to this complex located on Interstate 20. In even-numbered years, Odessa hosts the Permian Basin International Oil Show—the world's largest inland petroleum exposition—at the Ector County Coliseum. In recent years, both cities have made efforts to diversify into additional industries to reduce their dependence on the petroleum industry. Midland–Odessa is well positioned to become an energy nexus for the region and for the United States as a whole. The metropolitan area is home to two major natural gas powerplants and in July 2006 it was announced that Odessa was one of four possible sites for a FutureGen zero-emissions coal-fired powerplant (which eventually was awarded to Mattoon, Illinois). The Permian Basin is also home to several windfarms and the city of Andrews is a candidate site for an experimental high temperature nuclear reactor. This focus on new sources of alternative energy in addition to petroleum has led some to refer to the Permian Basin as the Energy Basin. The recent high price of crude oil has led to a significant economic boom in the area.

Transportation
Midland–Odessa is served by Midland International Air and Space Port (MAF), located between the core cities in Terminal and has since been annexed into Midland proper. This airport serves as a regional hub for cities and towns throughout the Permian Basin and as a gateway to Big Bend National Park. Odessa Schlemeyer Airport and Midland Air Park also serve as an option for smaller jets.

The spirit of cooperation can be seen in the Midland Odessa Transportation Alliance (MOTRAN) and its centerpiece project "La Entrada al Pacifico" or "Entrance to the Pacific". La Entrada al Pacifico is an official trade corridor that connects the Mexican port city of Topolobampo on the west coast of Mexico with major markets in the Eastern and North Eastern United States and includes an inland port facility to be located in Midland–Odessa.

2019 shooting spree
Eight people were killed, including the perpetrator, and 25 others were injured in a shooting spree that occurred on Interstate 20, between Midland and Odessa. The shooter was eventually killed by a shootout with the police.

title: Midland–Odessa


text: User talk:70.121.60.252

title: User talk:70.121.60.252


text:
User talk:TheTrollKing

A welcome from Sango123
Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions; I hope you like the place and decide to stay. We're glad to have you in our community! Here are a few good links for newcomers:

 * If you haven't already, drop by the New user log and tell others a bit about yourself.
 * Always sign your posts on talk pages! That way, others will know who left which comments.
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Happy Wiki-ing!

-- Sango  123  23:53, August 26, 2005 (UTC)

P.S. Feel free to leave a message on my talk page if you need help with anything or simply wish to say hello. :)

Image:GoreBush.jpg
Hello, TheTrollKing. An automated process has found and removed an image or media file tagged as nonfree media, and thus is being used under fair use that was in your userspace. The image (Image:GoreBush.jpg) was found at the following location: User:TheTrollKing/Test1. This image or media was attempted to be removed per criterion number 9 of our non-free content policy. The image or media was replaced with Image:NonFreeImageRemoved.svg, so your formatting of your userpage should be fine. Please find a free image or    media to replace it with, and or remove the image from your userspace. User:Gnome (Bot)-talk 06:02, 16 May 2007 (UTC)

User:TheTrollKing/Test1
A proposed deletion template has been added to the article User:TheTrollKing/Test1, suggesting that it be deleted according to the proposed deletion process. All contributions are appreciated, but this article may not satisfy Wikipedia's criteria for inclusion, and the deletion notice should explain why (see also "What Wikipedia is not" and Wikipedia's deletion policy). You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the  notice, but please explain why you disagree with the proposed deletion in your edit summary or on its talk page. Also, please consider improving the article to address the issues raised. Even though removing the deletion notice will prevent deletion through the proposed deletion process, the article may still be deleted if it matches any of the speedy deletion criteria or it can be sent to Articles for Deletion, where it may be deleted if consensus to delete is reached. If you agree with the deletion of the article, and you are the only person who has made substantial edits to the page, please add  to the top of User:TheTrollKing/Test1.  12 N oo n 2¢ 21:32, 22 December 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:TheTrollKing


text:
Talk:Chymical Wedding of Christian Rosenkreutz

What is an "iniciatic ritual"?

My hunch is he means inititation ritual. ThePeg    AxelBoldt 23:54, 26 August 2005 (UTC)

CHYMICAL WEDDINGS
Once you've read the Chymical Wedding its very interesting going back to world literature and seeing how often the images of the Chymical Wedding recur, along with other alchemical images such as the Rose. The idea of the Hieros Gamos clearly reccurs again and again in the Western mind. Check out the chapter Cana In Galilee in Dostoyevsky's The Brothers Karamazov; the Wedding Guest in The Rhyme Of The Ancient Mariner (he never gets into the Wedding he has been invited to because of the Mariner's story of horror and discord. The Brides' face is red like a rose etc.); the Rose Garden in The Four Quartets with its 'necesarrie conjunction' and so on and so on. For probably the most amazing expression of the idea of the Chymical Wedding as a cosmic force read The Man Who Died by D H Lawrence ,one of his last works, in which the Resurrected Christ achieves a mystical union with a Priestess of Isis. The prototype of all these allegories of the Rose and the transformation of the individual is the great medieval poem The Romance Of The Rose which unites the Mysticism of Christianity & Alchemy with the most sublime imagery of the Lover in search of the Rose of his Mistress.ThePeg 23:36, 30 September 2006 (UTC)

 * The Wikipedia article on Romance of the Rose is to be found, bizarrely, under its French title Roman de la Rose.
 * Nuttyskin (talk) 03:16, 12 April 2024 (UTC)
 * There is, additionally, an English translation available on Wikisource.
 * https://en.m.wikisource.org/wiki/Romance_of_the_Rose_(Ellis)
 * Nuttyskin (talk) 03:29, 12 April 2024 (UTC)

The Bruce Dickinson album The Chemical Wedding is named after this work. Marlinspike 12:45, 19 December 2006 (UTC)

So is the book by Lindsay Clark, I think. ThePeg 00:06, 14 January 2007 (UTC)

Attributed
The article says that the Chymical Wedding is attributed to Andreae. In fact he declared himself the author in his autobiography. Should this be referenced? ThePeg 19:14, 7 April 2007 (UTC)

Language
I have no idea what "English translated from German" is supposed to mean for "language". Typically when one refers to "language" one means the original language which appears to be German, so I've changed it.Ekwos (talk) 01:14, 15 May 2009 (UTC)
 * Okay, looking closer I see the blurb is referring to some recent English translation of the original. This doesn't make sense the article should refer to the original.  I've made other changes.Ekwos (talk) 01:22, 15 May 2009 (UTC)

CRC
There is no clear explanation of who or what CRC is, which is greatly decreasing the readability of this article.--Slowlikemolasses (talk) 05:22, 28 November 2012 (UTC)
 * Christian Rosencreutz as in the German title. I inserted a clarification "henceforth CRC" before the first use of the initialism. 68.44.132.25 (talk) 19:45, 7 January 2013 (UTC)w

New edition
-- Auric    talk  16:17, 29 May 2016 (UTC)


text:
Bankstown Lidcombe Hospital

Bankstown Lidcombe Hospital is teaching hospital with tertiary affiliations to the University of New South Wales, University of Sydney and Western Sydney University providing a wide range of general medical and surgical services and sub-specialty services to the Bankstown/Canterbury community. It is part of South Western Sydney Local Health District.

History
It was built next to the former Bankstown Hospital which opened in 1957, This was later demolished. It became part of the South Western Sydney Local Health District in January 2011 following National Health Reform replacing the former Sydney South West Area Health Service

title: Bankstown Lidcombe Hospital


text: User talk:71.36.192.184

title: User talk:71.36.192.184


text:
User talk:Jmccorm

THIS IS MY QUESTION: Roomba page
INTRO: Hi. I've been making changes to the Roomba page, and I've run into a political problem. I want, and it seems that others want this as well, to add the excellent Roomba Review forums [] to the list of external links. But it looks like another user, in Talk:Roomba, says he continues to remove it from the external links section, and he directs other users not to add it back in. Reason: says that a forum cannot be verified as a reliable source.

QUESTION: Is it appropriate to add user forums, not as a regular external link, but as a website in the external link section of a page?

EXPLANATION: A bit of justification for this particular link. The Roomba Review forum, which I'd like to add, has 19k messages since 2004, and easily does a dozen new messages a day. Second in line would be iRobot's official forum at Yahoo! Groups, with 13k messages from 2002, having approx 2 new messages per day. (I don't know if it'd be appropriate to add a second forum or not. Or if an official forum should take precidence.) Oddly enough, there is already another forum listed in the external links section. Since 2005, it has 27 messages. I believe this should be removed.

PROBLEM: As mentioned in the intro, another user is claiming that any link for a forum is forbidden. Even in the external link section.

CLOSING: Can you help us find an appropriate understanding or solution to this issue? This is an incredibly relevant link, and isn't, at least on my behalf, a case of playing favorites with the link section. --Jmccorm 16:00, 8 March 2007 (UTC)

 * WP:EL is the official policy. WP:NOT says you may have ONE fan-site link. Xiner (talk, email) 16:50, 8 March 2007 (UTC)
 * Thank you for your quick response. Is it, then, appropriate for me to replace the weak forum (27 messages) with the strongest one (19k messages), or with the official company forum for users (13k messages)? (If so, which, or is it my choice?) --Jmccorm 16:55, 8 March 2007 (UTC)
 * I'd insert the biggest fan site, which is not official in this case. I'd try to work out the compromise on the article talk page, explaining your rationale first, however. Xiner (talk, email) 17:09, 8 March 2007 (UTC)

A welcome from Sango123
Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions; I hope you like the place and decide to stay. We're glad to have you in our community! Here are a few good links for newcomers:

 * If you haven't already, drop by the New user log and tell others a bit about yourself.
 * Always sign your posts on talk pages! That way, others will know who left which comments.
 * The Five Pillars of Wikipedia
 * Simplified Ruleset
 * How to edit a page
 * Editing, policy, conduct, and structure tutorial
 * Picture tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Naming conventions
 * Manual of Style
 * Wikipedia Glossary
 * If you're ready for the complete list of Wikipedia documentation, there's also the Topical index.

I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Though we all make goofy mistakes, here is what Wikipedia is not. If you have any questions or concerns, don't hesitate to see the help pages or add a question to the village pump. The Community Portal can also be very useful.

Happy Wiki-ing!

-- Sango  123  23:55, August 26, 2005 (UTC)

P.S. Feel free to leave a message on my talk page if you need help with anything or simply wish to say hello. :)

Helpme
Hi. Please state your question, then replace the helpme tag on your user talk page. Thanks. Xiner (talk, email) 16:25, 8 March 2007 (UTC)

You're a good editor
that is all :) Mewnst (talk) 01:45, 10 May 2022 (UTC)

title: User talk:Jmccorm


text: User talk:67.106.234.197

title: User talk:67.106.234.197