text:
Talk:Ely Cathedral

Panoramic view
Consider using this image in the gallery or elsewhere to illustrate this article.--Senra (talk) 12:46, 1 June 2010 (UTC)
 * Don't want to be rude or anything, but it's not really a very true likeness of the cathedral is it? Because it's stitched together the angles on the tower are really rather weirdly squashed - that lamp post is nearly at 45 degrees! Rob (talk) 10:08, 26 November 2010 (UTC)
 * I think the angle of the lamp post results not from the stitching software but from the actions of some local youngsters who overdid it in the Minster Tavern... Anyway, whatever its artistic merits, I would agree that the photo doesn't give a very accurate or helpful sense of the architecture so I'm not sure it would add anything to the article. —Preceding unsigned comment added by StuartLondon (talk • contribs) 11:14, 26 November 2010 (UTC)
 * Haha, there is something strangely compelling about the stitching on the photograph - it gives it a slightly abstract look that I can't quite grasp. I suppose it's because the angles on the individual photos were slightly different, but when stiched presents it as a whole that it doesn't resemble in reality - the perspective presented by the single photograph is not one permitted by the laws of geometry! Rob (talk) 13:11, 26 November 2010 (UTC)

Choir
Should there be an article about Ely Cathedral Choir?
 * If you have enough material to create a decent stub, why not? - Ballista 05:22, 9 July 2006 (UTC)
 * Added a small section, feel free to write more! --Stefan 18:26, 8 August 2006 (UTC)

Lady Chapel
"The cathedral was soon refounded in 1541. Later, during the English Civil War, the lady chapel had many of its statues destroyed by Puritans under the control of Oliver Cromwell." What's the source for this? The leaflet I got from the cathedral yesterday seems to think that the serious vandalism occurred in 1541 ("in 1541, soon after the dissolution of the monastery, windows were smashed and sculptures removed or defaced.") I wonder which is right? --Ewx 11:52, 19 July 2006 (UTC)
 * Well, I would imagine that the leaflet is correct, in which case I'll change the entry. It's perfectly acceptable to make changes yourself, though, if you know they're wrong. Bob 18:15, 20 July 2006 (UTC)

My understanding was that it was Thomas Cromwell that did the damage - not Oliver. He just had the place closed. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 82.16.131.174 (talk) 19:19, 25 November 2010 (UTC)

 * The truth is nobody knows because there is no firm archival evidence either way. Different authorities ascribe the blame to the reformation iconoclasts or to the Puritans according to their particular political views. Leaflets handed out in churches and cathedrals are often quite unreliable, based on local legends and hearsay rather than serious academic evidence. The excellent Bell's Guide (W.D. Sweeting, published 1901 but still well respected) says; It is always taken for granted that the destruction of the beautiful work in the lady-chapel, as well as of the shrines and statuary in the cathedral, was effected very soon after the dissolution of the monastery; but precise authority for this seems not to be forthcoming. It is known that Bishop Goodrich was an ardent supporter of the Reformation movement, and that he issued an injunction in 1541 which would have authorised such destruction. There was no other material damage done to the cathedral at this time. In 1566 a parish church, dedicated to S. Cross, which was situated at the north side of the nave, was found to be so dilapidated that no attempt was made to render it fit for service, and the dean and chapter gave to the parishioners the lady-chapel for a parish church, and it has so remained to this day. It is probable that the wealth of the monastery had kept the fabric itself in such a state of complete repair that there was no occasion for much sustentation work for a long time after the Reformation—at least, we read nothing of any work being undertaken or of any portions of the building falling into decay. In the Commonwealth period the cathedral suffered less than in many places. The stained glass was indeed destroyed, and the cloisters and some parts of the domestic buildings pulled down, by order of commissioners. As Oliver Cromwell was Governor of the Isle of Ely, and often in the city, he was not likely to let the cathedral services alone. In January, 1644, he interfered during service, and stopped it, ejecting the congregation, and is said to have professed that this was an act of kindness, in order to prevent damage to the building. According to Carlyle, he had written to the officiating minister, requiring him "to forbear altogether the choir service, so unedifying and offensive, lest the soldiers should in any tumultuary or disorderly way attempt the reformation of the cathedral church." If the people of Ely had heard about the "reformation" of the cathedral church at Peterborough, as carried out by the soldiers of the Parliament in July of the preceding year, they were certainly well advised in taking this hint. Bishop Wren—an eager opponent of the Puritans—was at the time in prison, where he remained until the Restoration (page 29). Hope that helps. StuartLondon (talk) 09:48, 26 November 2010 (UTC)

Lists
I suggest moving the two lists of abbots and abbesses as they do not add much interest to the article. Perhaps incorporate them into the Bishops of Ely article? --Stefan 18:27, 8 August 2006 (UTC)

I agree, they are really of little relevance--Dwyatt 101 16:43, 1 September 2006 (UTC)

Titles
Iceflow reverted all my edits, including deletion of silly church titles, saying that "it had been discussed before". Where? --Attilios 14:30, 11 July 2007 (UTC)
 * As the CofE is an established church (Ely is not a Catholic cathedral by the way) they are more than just church titles. He and I had a discussion about which people should be listed, possibly more on his talk page than here (or possibly even just in earlier edit summaries for the page), I can't remember if the styles themselves were actually discussed, but I'm not sure what precisely your objection to them is, they are in common use in England.  In addition, it is possible in the CofE to have lay canons, and someone who has been ordained a bishop (usually someone who has been a suffragan i.e. assistant bishop) can then be appointed as the Dean of a cathedral so the titles give a certain amount of useful additional information about people who are not necessarily notable enough to have their own Wikipedia articles.  Those entitled to style themselves "Dr" have probably gained the title from a normal secular university (unless any of them are Lambeth degrees), so those are not purely "church titles" in any case.  Your edit summary ws perhaps slightly misleading, in that it only mentioned the removal of the titles, rather than the image and other changes, which are comparitively easy to overlook, even in a diff.  David Underdown 14:46, 11 July 2007 (UTC)
 * Keep the titles. They are there for a reason, and I'd hardly call any of them "silly". Stefan 03:13, 12 July 2007 (UTC)

New placements: Vice Dean
Can I just confirm back to the article with respect to an edit I made the other day, that the post of Vice Dean is Currently Vacant within Ely Cathedral, owing to the retirement of the former Vice Dean, Revd. Canon. Dr. Peter Sills. The Precentor, Canon David Pritchard, is currently filling this role, as Acting Vice Dean only. Thor Malmjursson (talk) 11:07, 2 July 2008 (UTC)

Bricking up windows?
Does it seem like a lot of windows have been bricked up? Why doesn't the article mention anything? And in the featured photo, it looks like there was more building to the left but it was destroyed/removed, leaving a semi-jagged wall. --98.232.182.66 (talk) 10:05, 23 September 2008 (UTC)
 * They're purely decoratice niches, I think rather than bricked up windows, possibly they might have had statues associate diwth them at some point, I don't know. The collapse is mentioned "The north-west transept collapsed in the 15th century and was never rebuilt, leaving a scar on the outside of that corner that can still be seen."  David Underdown (talk) 10:15, 23 September 2008 (UTC)
 * They may also be old doors going through the building, since it started life as a monastery, if my memory serves me correctly. They are seen on the ground floor as well at the first and second levels. Thor Malmjursson (talk) 20:52, 23 September 2008 (UTC)

Info Box
Causing the usual problem of a gap in the text, but only on wide monitors, this time. See also Chichester, Bristol, Canterbury etc. Please LOKK before saving any pic or box! Amandajm (talk) 07:40, 21 October 2008 (UTC)

Unsourced material
Much of the material in this article is unsourced. Per the Wikipedia verifiability policy, material that is not supported with citations to reliable sources may be removed. For the avoidance of doubt, the further reading section is not a replacement for citations to reliable sources. If you wish to use one or more sources from the further reading section as references in the body of the article, remove each source in the further reading section as you cite it in the body. To help trigger proper referencing in this article, I have removed part of the unsourced material and placed it here: "Choirs

Ely has a cathedral choir of boys and men, which has recently attracted international attention because of its association with The Choirboys: two of its members, Patrick Aspbury and CJ Porter-Thaw, are choristers at the cathedral. Boys are educated in the junior department of The King's School, Ely.

The Ely Cathedral Girls' Choir was also launched in 2006, comprising 18 girl choristers who are pupils at The King's School. The choir's debut CD, Sing reign of fair maid: Music for Christmas and the New Year, directed by Sarah MacDonald, is available from Regent Records.

The cathedral community also has an adult voluntary choir, The Ely Cathedral Octagon Singers and a children's choir The Ely Imps. in 1994 the two division bell pink floyd statues were placed and the mouth of the two statues leads to the Ely Cathedral"

-- Senra (talk) 22:22, 1 March 2013 (UTC)
 * Struck unsuitable material as overtly promotional -- Senra (talk) 22:38, 1 March 2013 (UTC)

Infobox Image
There appears to be some dispute over the which image to use in the Infobox. It needs to be decided whether an image that portrays the entire building is used, or one which merely shows the west tower.

An image depicting the entire building gives a good overview. But, a view of the west tower is more representative of how the Cathedral is generally seen from the ground.

I suggest that we use an aerial image in the Infobox, and place an image of the west tower elsewhere in the article.Innocenceisdeath (talk) 21:20, 20 March 2014 (UTC)

 * I think the image of the west tower is stronger, is more distinctive and accords more with the view of most visitors. For these reasons I think it would be a better image for the info box. Martinevans123 (talk) 21:48, 20 March 2014 (UTC)

 * I'm happy to switch images round in the article. If the image is changed again, we should continue discussions here. Innocenceisdeath (talk) 20:39, 24 March 2014 (UTC)

 * An alternative is a view from afar. There is not one in commons that is exactly what I have in mind, but the file

is nearest. In fact too near (spacially). A view from further afield, showing the building in its wider Fen context would be better. Both the west tower and lantern deserve inclusion.SovalValtos (talk) 12:25, 4 May 2014 (UTC)
 * The current aerial image is of insufficient quality to be used other than in a gallery ,even at max size, so I will trial some changes soon. SovalValtos (talk) 05:24, 8 May 2014 (UTC)

 * I have now cropped the image and reloaded it. I hope I have done everything correctly. Here it is to compare

SovalValtos (talk) 11:36, 8 May 2014 (UTC)
 * The image from the fens is now in the info box, but I cannot work out how to put the view of the towers in History. The aerial view might better be in Today SovalValtos (talk) 18:00, 11 May 2014 (UTC)
 * I hope today's changes are an improvement SovalValtos (talk) 17:43, 13 May 2014 (UTC)

The one you (Heuschrecke) have just added is better lit than the previous one and benefits from the trees not being in leaf, but the angle is not as good with the foreground brick buildings. I would like to see a winter image (no leaves) taken from the hill near Stuntney (52.376 0.281) preferably with early morning light and the low ground covered with mist! I am based over a hundred miles away and might travel myself, but a local to do a recce would be welcome. Probably a 300mm telephoto needed. SovalValtos (talk) 10:26, 16 May 2014 (UTC)
 * The image Heuschrecke added was not centered, and it only contains a partial view of the Cathedral. While a view from Stuntney in early morning light is surely beautiful, I doubt that it is the most representative view of Ely Cathedral. This is an informational article, visibility and detail should come first. I am switching back to the aerial view because it show the entire building. We certainly don't need an aerial view, and a view from afar. If someone can get another full image of the Cathedral without shrouding it in trees then this would be excellent. Otherwise, I don't think any other image demonstrates the architecture of the building better than the aerial view. Please note that in the aerial view, you can see the Lady Chapel, which is hidden in the other images, and you can see the entire side of the building, which is also hidden it the other images.Innocenceisdeath (talk) 10:15, 25 May 2014 (UTC)

Image Galleries
Guidelines rather discourage random galleries simple. I have started grouping images in the gallery with the intention of creating a more logical progression to make it easier to see what is included. The existing gallery might be sub divided in future to illustrate other sections. I have been pointed at the Wells Cathedral page for good use of galleries. There may be useful images to add to this one, and perhaps some to remove. My next intention is to go through Commons to see what might be gleaned. The Lady Chapel so far is poorly served.SovalValtos (talk) 19:57, 13 May 2014 (UTC)
 * Help with this superb subject would be appreciated. Images could be a useful integral part of the article. The ground plan is already vital.SovalValtos (talk) 20:57, 15 May 2014 (UTC)

Overview and dimensions 8000 eels
No reference here. Is the payment continuing today? SovalValtos (talk) 07:30, 14 May 2014 (UTC)

Section Order
Might it be better for the religious community section to be moved down below buildings? The article is Ely Cathedral, whose structures have housed different communities. The size and wording of the headings under buildings might be improved. Two lots of later; the second perhaps to be changed to post reformation? SovalValtos (talk) 22:58, 14 May 2014 (UTC)

Square bracketted numbers not citations
Does anyone know the meaning of these? The first to appear seems to be "King Henry III and other dignitaries.[13]" in Gothic elements/Early, and then they run right through the article to "surmounted by the 1690s organ case.[25]" in Later history of the building. They don't coincide with the references so I assume a previous edit has removed some footnotes or something, but I can't find that edit. Emerald (talk) 12:54, 2 March 2015 (UTC)
 * Good point - and having tracked down User talk:David Stazicker I see you got there ahead of me. Unfortunately, it looks as if these Ely contributions in may 2014 are his sole attempt at wikipedia, so 9 months on it may not get much reaction. The end result is a really impressive (and at first reading well researched) text, which would take some serious work and good source material to write from scratch. My guess would be that he must have developed the entries in a sandbox, and was cutting and pasting from the preview page instead of the source code, so it has no wikilinks (which would be easyish to reinstate) and only the ref numbers survived if it did have proper citations, which is going to be more of a challenge to come up with. I have got several useful books to hand including Philip Lindley's Gothic to Renaissance (with a chapter on the Octagon), and from rather longer ago, R.J.King's 1862 Handbook to the Eastern Cathedrals. I am hoping to borrow Meadows and Ramsey, 2003, next week, which I assume has the state of knowledge on the phases of construction etc, so would be happy to start checking and referencing some of the details. Are there any other key texts which would be expected to be referenced? RobinLeicester (talk) 23:58, 3 March 2015 (UTC)
 * Whilst aiming to retain much of the very good material on this page, I can't escape the idea that as well as sorting out the citations, there needs to be a better structure. I am thinking that instead of the current time-based headings, the sections could relate better to the features within the cathedral. They could still be ordered with a broad chronology, but with headings such as 'Norman Abbey Church' [covering transepts and nave], 'Galilee porch', 'West tower', 'Octagon', 'Lady Chapel', 'Choir', 'Medieval sculpture', 'Dissolution and iconoclasm', 'Memorials', 'Nineteenth century additions'. Once I have got to grips with the material, I will see if I can start to migrate the material to both describe the features, and their place in the narrative of the building and the institution. (With the risk of stretching an analogy too far, the Octagon, as the element most notably singled out in general medieval architecture texts, needs to have as central a place in the text as it does in the cathedral.) At some point the lead paragraph will need to better reflect the whole page. By wikipedia standards I work quite slowly, so bear with me unless you think it is going very astray. RobinLeicester (talk) 00:32, 7 March 2015 (UTC)
 * I agree with you that the article contains some good material, but could do with some reorganization. So I shall be interested to see how you modify it. I understand your request for patience, because I rarely have the courage to embark on such a task and take a long time when I do. LynwoodF (talk) 10:26, 7 March 2015 (UTC)
 * RobinLeicester I think your explanation for the square brackets is spot-on, and I probably won't hear back from their originator. The contributions were very good, so I am concerned that someone (justifiably) removes them for lack of verification. If you can fill in some of the gaps using the references you have to hand, that would be great. I live about 10 mins from the cathedral, so later on I will pop over there, there is probably a volunteer with encyclopedic knowledge and a shelf of references who can help me to back up the facts your references can't hold up. Let me know when you have done as much as you can. I also agree with your points about the structure. I originally went to the article because I was interested to know about the 'disappeared' north-west tower, it took ages to find and I was disappointed by the lack of information when I did find it! Emerald (talk) 17:52, 7 March 2015 (UTC)

Recent edit.
In a recent edit the expression "very ornate Decorated style" has been changed to "very ornately decorated style". I think the original wording is exactly what was intended. Any comments? LynwoodF (talk) 10:07, 10 March 2015 (UTC)
 * Excuse me but I have made a change before reading this. I will check talk before doing any more to it! SovalValtos (talk) 15:15, 10 March 2015 (UTC)
 * No need to apologize. You have made an appropriate change, using "Decorated" in its technical sense. Thank you for your edit. LynwoodF (talk) 15:43, 10 March 2015 (UTC)

Burials
I think they would be better in date order. Were they not before? LynwoodF (talk) 20:00, 12 March 2015 (UTC)
 * I can quite see the point of date order and will revert if others agree that date is better than alphabet. Not all the entries here have a date or confirmation of Ely Cathedral burial. The linked articles generally have a source which could be used on this page.SovalValtos (talk) 11:31, 13 March 2015 (UTC)
 * Yes, it can be difficult to know what to do where the amount of information varies between entries. Thank you for giving thought this. LynwoodF (talk) 12:05, 13 March 2015 (UTC)

Ship of the Fens
Ely Cathedral is not known as the Ship of the Fens just because of its prominent position on the landscape; it got the name because from pretty much anywhere on the horizon, it looks like an old 2 funneled steam liner. Would this be counted as trivia to the article, or could it be used of correctly sourced? CharlieTheCabbie|paġna utenti| diskussjoni 00:57, 7 April 2015 (UTC)

Medieval cathedral as abbey or priory?
I've removed the line 'Its status changed to that of a priory, with the bishop as titular abbot.' Given the logic of Benedictine monasticism, all priories are subject to an abbey. The fact that the monastery is headed in practice by a prior doesn't mean that it's not still an abbey; after all it still has an abbot - it's just that he's bishop! The way to determine this would be to discover how what the institution was called during its period as cathedral and monastery.However that's a task that's beyond my knowledge to perform Ender's Shadow Snr (talk) 16:34, 7 July 2015 (UTC)

Nonetheless it is absolute standard practice to refer to these monasteries as "cathedral priories", not "cathedral abbeys". Simon Kershaw (talk) 14:22, 10 November 2017 (UTC)

New Lead
Having got at least to a point with the architecture re-write, I have finally got round to re-doing what was a rather thin lead paragraph. I am sure neither the lead nor the article as a whole are 'finished' in any real sense, but I would urge not to introduce new information into the lead that is not expanded on elsewhere. (OK I know I just have - but maybe someone can sort out a more informed analysis of visitor and worship life of the cathedral - preferably from the viewpoint of notability rather than marketing-speak). RobinLeicester (talk) 23:05, 21 September 2015 (UTC)

Contrasting Attitudes to the Restoration?
I note this comment at Carpenter's Gothic article:

 * The British denigration of Sir George Gilbert Scott's restorations at Ely Cathedral as "Carpenter's Gothic" are discussed in Phillip Lindley, "'Carpenter's Gothic' and Gothic Carpentry: Contrasting Attitudes to the Restoration of the Octagon and Removals of the Choir at Ely Cathedral" "Architectural History" "30" (1987:83-112).

I hesitate to add it here, but this suggests that GGS's restoration was not as universally well-received as the article now suggests. Snori (talk) 05:03, 12 May 2016 (UTC)

File:Ely Cathedral Octagon Lantern 3, Cambridgeshire, UK - Diliff.jpg to appear as POTD soon
Hello! This is a note to let the editors of this article know that File:Ely Cathedral Octagon Lantern 3, Cambridgeshire, UK - Diliff.jpg will be appearing as picture of the day on September 13, 2016. You can view and edit the POTD blurb at Template:POTD/2016-09-13. If this article needs any attention or maintenance, it would be preferable if that could be done before its appearance on the Main Page. — Chris Woodrich (talk) 01:06, 29 August 2016 (UTC)

Canons
The list of canons is out of date now - actually there are two, one in the box at the top right and one in the body of the article, and they are mutually inconsistent.

Alan Hargrave retired in 2016 (special retirement service in January). Victoria Johnson and Jessica Martin need to be included. They were appointed following the retirements of David Pritchard and Alan Hargrave respectively.

I may do this update myself some time ...

146.90.14.156 (talk) 09:54, 3 January 2017 (UTC)

 * That would be ideal. I assume you have good sources. Martinevans123 (talk) 11:18, 3 January 2017 (UTC)

 * The list of residentiary canons on the cathedral's own website includes Victoria and Jessica (and does not include David or Alan). I can find some appointment announcements easily enough. 146.90.14.156 (talk) 11:27, 3 January 2017 (UTC)

 * As long as they are WP:RS, there should be no problem, I'd urge you to go ahead and make the corrections. Many thanks. Martinevans123 (talk) 11:39, 3 January 2017 (UTC)

 * Now done 146.90.14.156 (talk) 08:46, 4 January 2017 (UTC)

 * Many thanks. Martinevans123 (talk) 12:11, 4 January 2017 (UTC)

External view showing the lantern
I realise there has been considerable debate on which external images to use, but it strikes me that none of them show the east (or central) tower and lantern, which according to the lead paragraph, is Ely's "most notable feature". Not sure where it would fit, but there is currently a void below the subsection header "Octogon". Any suggestions? Alansplodge (talk) 16:02, 10 July 2020 (UTC)
 * Agreed the Octagon should feature but if for the infobox as lead image it should show the context of the Cathedral being "the ship of the Fens" to draw the reader in. I have planned to take such a photo for several years without fruit, one reason being the hours of travelling involved each time both for reconnaissance and precise lighting and weather requirements. I am happy to share my thoughts that it would need to be taken with early morning light and with the sea that the ship is on being provided by ground mist. The area of Stuntney is the likely camera point; a telephoto lens being required but not an extreme one my calculations showed.

 * Turner had quite a good eye though perhaps not to the taste of Wynne's virgin admirers. Joseph Mallord William Turner - View of Ely Cathedral - Google Art Project.jpg

 * If the point of the post Alansplodge is to chose an image the one you show has its drawbacks. IMHO it is cropped too close, has a distracting background and could be better lit. On the other hand the placement is simple; it should be in the Octagon section.Best wishes.SovalValtos (talk) 19:30, 10 July 2020 (UTC)
 * Ely Cathedral from Cambridge.jpg
 * It's not easy to take a side-on view of the cathedral, which is probably why there are no free images available. I have photographed it with my pocket compact from the nearest hill in a direct line from the south elevation, a golf course 17 miles away in Cambridge. I've included this on the right purely for information - I don't know whether it would be possible to take a usable image from this location with a decent lens on a clear day? Nearer locations such as Stuntney etc might be more viable, even though at an oblique angle - but I do think the view from Cambridge demonstrates the "ship of the fens" concept more starkly.Pontificalibus 06:54, 11 July 2020 (UTC)
 * → Hi User:Pontificalibus. So that's taken from Wandlebury Hill Fort, yes? It's unfortunate the horizon is so hazy... it's more of a picture of that farm house? (not the Gog Magog Golf Club, I assume) But yes, it does look like a ship. Martinevans123 (talk) 10:58, 11 July 2020 (UTC)
 * Yes from Wandlebury that's right. My shot is already zoomed in, and included some foreground and the farmhouse just to help people locate the cathedral with the naked eye. It's hard to see when standing there so I tell people to look up from the gable end of the farm house. I don't have sufficient knowledge to know what a decent shot from that location would look like but it would surely be interesting.Pontificalibus 11:08, 11 July 2020 (UTC)
 * This file, File:26-Ely-071.jpg, is perhaps the closest at the moment to the 'whole aspect' you're looking for, although not sure the colours are quite right - the contrast is quite high. Bob talk 09:19, 11 July 2020 (UTC) 26-Ely-071.jpg
 * Bob, is File:Ely-071 edited-1.jpg any better? Alansplodge (talk) 10:33, 11 July 2020 (UTC)
 * After edit conflict. Two valuable contributions User:Pontificalibus and Bob. The one with the barges I had already rejected, though re-reading the 'Infobox Image' section above I see that I had hopefully "improved" it from its original state. There have been several camera spots that I had identified. Somewhere on Queens Quanea Drove near 52.388 0.289 looks promising to include ground mist as the sea. Google Earth street view gives an idea both for this and other possibles but I cannot seem to link, and must not copyvio by uploading. I prefer a quarter view with the W tower and Octagon separated by sky rather than slab side on. Suitable lighting makes it more interesting. Even if not used in the article it would be would be good to have in commons. Is there anyone local who could have a go?SovalValtos (talk) 10:55, 11 July 2020 (UTC)
 * I'm aware of a photographer on Twitter who often posts great sunrise etc shots, I'll see if I can contact them.Pontificalibus 11:08, 11 July 2020 (UTC)
 * The twitter contact, a good lead User:Pontificalibus, would likely need months for the right conditions even if interested. I hope they are and already contribute or will do. I am expecting here a picture worthy of featured status in itself. The subject deserves it.
 * Some slow sums have shown that pics from Queens Grove Quanea Grove or Stuntney have confirmed that a 35mm full frame lens of 300 or 400mm would suffice for the image I have in mind (details on request). Wandlebury might be used in the same way with the most expensive kit, but I think better used, for an another further 'draw in' pic. Such clear visibility as would be required from Wandlebury is rare but does exist in combination with the atmospheric ground mist.SovalValtos (talk) 20:00, 13 July 2020 (UTC)
 * This link is helpful for Field-of-view lens angles.SovalValtos (talk) 04:51, 14 July 2020 (UTC)
 * This link Inverse tangent calculator useful for conversions to degrees when one knows the width of a subject and its distance.SovalValtos (talk) 05:11, 14 July 2020 (UTC)

I was inspired by this discussion to go to Ely with my camera yesterday. I have uploaded: Another possible vantage point is the walkway of the new Ely Southern Bypass, which crosses the railway and the river on a viaduct. Verbcatcher (talk) 04:52, 16 July 2020 (UTC)
 * File:Ely Cathedral from Middle Fen Bank A.jpg
 * File:Ely Cathedral from Middle Fen Bank B.jpg
 * File:Ely Cathedral from Middle Fen Bank C.jpg
 * File:Ely Cathedral from Middle Fen Bank D.jpg
 * File:Ely Cathedral from Middle Fen Bank E.jpg
 * File:Ely Cathedral from Quanea Drove A.jpg
 * File:Ely Cathedral from Quanea Drove B.jpg
 * File:Ely Cathedral from Quanea Drove C.jpg
 * Brilliant Verbcatcher; real progress. I prefer the composition from Quanea Drove, if nothing else it shows the Lady chapel, good separation of architectural elements and there is less foreground clutter. File:Ely Cathedral from Quanea Drove C.jpg is already better than anything in the article for the infobox. With trepidation further improvements could include cropping down from the top left corner at the same picture ratio to exclude the brightly lit house gable end on the left and reduce sky but maintain foreground. It would be worth trying a series of slightly later times but this may already be the best. A fluffy cloud or two? higher vantage point? a yokel reed cutting with haywain rather than car? nearer to Quanea hill? and of course the ground mist, and then Feature pic here we come.SovalValtos (talk) 13:57, 16 July 2020 (UTC)
 * thank you for our kind remarks. I'll try cropping as you suggest; presumably you feel that File:Ely Cathedral from Quanea Drove B.jpg is too tightly framed. Fluffy clouds and ground mist could be Photoshopped but would probably look fake, otherwise I'll have to watch the weather. I chose the early morning for the sun direction, but an hour or so later would be ok. There are not many higher vantage points nearby. My camera's GPS indicated 2.4 m ASL, Quanea Hill is 6 m and Thorney Hill is 12 m. Morever, the trees on these hills might get in the way and the greater distance would cause more haze. Going nearer to Quanea Hill would cause the Lady Chapel Window to be more obscured and the pyramidal roof of Ely Maltings (central middleground) to be less obscured. I have other photos with this framing without the car, but this one was the sharpest. Yokels and haywains would be more difficult, but is that a WWII pillbox? Verbcatcher (talk) 23:45, 16 July 2020 (UTC)
 * User:Pontificalibus Verbcatcher Although the title of this talk page section is 'External view showing the lantern' we have moved on to discussing the lead picture to be included at the top or in the infobox. I see Andrew Sharpe has added a decent external pic of the octagon so that resolved for now. Yes, Ely Cathedral from Quanea Drove B, too tightly framed with too much sky and too little fen foreground. As little fake photoshop as possible for my taste though I personally can't resist cropping. Original file uploading preferred if acceptable to the photo artist. Boosting of lurid colours and adding non existant fluffy's etc can be anathema; myself included.  Hard work and time spent finding the camera spot worthwhile. Even a few feet could be important for finials/pinacle alignment. The higher vantage point I had in mind was at the same spot but with a ladder, or on top of a car or a bus! Whether higher would be better is difficult to imagine but it might move some obscuring away. The sun direction could be a matter of minutes rather than an hour. The Met Office forecast includes visibility  so waiting for the rare excellent conditions worthwhile rather than faking haze reduction. Leaf off tree could be helpful though I think the one over the Lady chapel might be Yew (not checked). Pruning saws not permitted. We are getting to the point where we have a fine image for the top. Are there further comments before this being used from other editors? A week or so should be allowed before a change is made.SovalValtos (talk) 10:35, 17 July 2020 (UTC)
 * Here Ely Cathedral from Quanea Drove C.jpg is a version of Verbcatcher's original with modifications as explained on commons. Any comments before it is used in the infobox?SovalValtos (talk) 11:45, 22 July 2020 (UTC)
 * I have taken some more photos that I am about to post. Please don't update the infobox until you have reviewed them. Verbcatcher (talk) 14:45, 22 July 2020 (UTC)
 * On hold Verbcatcher in eager anticipation. At least I have now learnt how to edit and reload to commons!SovalValtos (talk) 15:49, 22 July 2020 (UTC)

I have uploaded a new set of photos. I uploaded uncropped versions first and then replaced them with crops, so the cropping could be changed by other editors. One of these may be suitable for the infobox:

Verbcatcher (talk) 16:46, 22 July 2020 (UTC)
 * What a treat. Seldom does an editor take such care. No leg work involved for me this time! Thank you for posting the originals as well as your cropped versions. I have only looked at the crops so far. My immediate reaction is that 'F' and 'I' have the better camera angle in that the east window of the Lady chapel is less obscured and the pinnacles of the south transept are better placed along the roof-line of the nave. I suspect the late morning lighting will prove more popular but I tend towards the 0816hr version as being more interesting. I will comment further when I have played with your originals. Best wishes.SovalValtos (talk) 17:53, 22 July 2020 (UTC)
 * Verbcatcher having looked further at your latest three 'F' is still my winner as you have cropped it. There are possible refinements of camera angle that could be tried such as moving forward into the fields to open out the obscuring trees, or a higher vantage at the same spot. You mentioned above 'one was the sharpest' are you using a tripod without vibration reduction or handheld with? A tripod without, might help. I think subtle sharpening of your pics might also help. With a view towards featured pic status. User: Richard Nevell may be able to help us by contacting photo graders to have a look. I am keen to see 'F' used in the infobox, but as there have been differing opinions in the past should all those who have expressed opinions be pinged, or is relying on the page being watched sufficient? Pinging all contributors is not something I know how to do quickly. Best wishes.SovalValtos (talk) 03:31, 25 July 2020 (UTC)
 * Moving forward into the fields could be awkward. The immediate barrier is a substantial drainage channel, and there is a crop growing, probably potatoes. The trees obscuring parts of the cathedral are in Cherry Hill Park close the the cathedral, so moving into the fields will make little difference. File:Ely Cathedral from Middle Fen Bank D.jpg is from the same azimuth angle at about 60% of the distance, and slightly higher as Middle Fen Bank is about 2.5 m tall. Google Street View confirms that a slightly higher camera position on Quanea Drove would make little difference. I plan to try again in the winter when many of the trees will be bare.
 * I was using a sturdy tripod with image stabilisation disabled. The camera was set to live view (mirror locked up) with a 2 second shutter delay to reduce vibration. Some heat shimmer is visible despite the early hour, this is more evident in File:Ely Cathedral from Quanea Drove H.jpg which was taken from a greater distance and a little later.
 * I used Canon's DPP software to process the raw camera file. I set DPP to improve the contrast by adjusting the gamma curve, and increased the sharpening setting from the default 3 to 8 (the maximum is 10). I have since investigated unsharp masking controls; setting these to maximum gives an artificial effect but I may be able to make a more subtle improvement. This would be unlikely to make a significant effect at the size of an Infobox image. I am a beginner with DPP and would welcome any expert advice. Any adjustments are probably better made by reprocessing the raw file, not by editing the JPEG file.
 * We should assume that any interested editors are watching this page, and that this discussion has continued long enough for them to be aware of it; pinging them should be unnecessary.
 * Verbcatcher (talk) 13:12, 25 July 2020 (UTC)
 * Verbcatcher you have not stated your own preference. Either 'F' or 'I' I would support and go  ahead by replacing the west front view in the infobox. I think you already know more than me about processing. User: Richard Nevell is a busy person so I have looked further finding Featured picture candidates/Nomination procedure. User:Armbrust is a regular FPC editor/grader who might be able to advise which of 'F' or 'I' he prefers or any problems; they may both be FP quality of course. I don't think being on a talk page will fulfill the requirement of page use yet to be graded FP.SovalValtos (talk) 08:19, 29 July 2020 (UTC)
 * Per the 5th Featured picture criteria an image can only become featured, if it is used in at least one article (talk page use is not enough) and it's stable in that article for at least 7 days. No opinion which image is better. Armbrust The Homunculus 08:37, 29 July 2020 (UTC)
 * I prefer 'F' as the building is clearer. I have uploaded a revised version that I reprocessed with slightly different parameters, and I plan replace the infobox image with it. Should we use the old infobox image elsewhere in the article, possibly replacing the picture that shows the Galilee porch? Verbcatcher (talk) 15:23, 29 July 2020 (UTC)
 * To me 'I' is more animated and has a more interesting sky. 'F' ts also very good, although for some reason the detailed foreground flora catches my eye! But nice work all round, Verbcatcher. Well done. Martinevans123 (talk) 15:35, 29 July 2020 (UTC)
 * Yes File:Ely Cathedral Exterior, Cambridgeshire, UK - Diliff.jpg should replace File:Ely Cathedral West Front - geograph.org.uk - 178782.jpg as it has better perspective and resolution.SovalValtos (talk) 18:55, 29 July 2020 (UTC)

Featured picture scheduled for POTD
Hello! This is to let editors know that File:Ely Cathedral Lady Chapel, Cambridgeshire, UK - Diliff.jpg, a featured picture used in this article, has been selected as the English Wikipedia's picture of the day (POTD) for January 20, 2024. A preview of the POTD is displayed below and can be edited at Template:POTD/2024-01-20. For the greater benefit of readers, any potential improvements or maintenance that could benefit the quality of this article should be done before its scheduled appearance on the Main Page. If you have any concerns, please place a message at Wikipedia talk:Picture of the day. Thank you! — Amakuru (talk) 21:12, 10 January 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Ely Cathedral


license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User:Phase1


text:
Abercregan

Abercregan is a village in the community of Cymer and Glyncorrwg, in the Welsh county borough of Neath Port Talbot, Glamorgan. It is situated around 12 km north-east of Port Talbot and just west of Cymmer, and is also close to the River Afan. Abercregan was once a thriving mining community but since the decline of the British coal industry, much of the housing has been demolished and most of its inhabitants have moved to neighbouring villages. The 1980s and 1990s saw the closure of the village school, the boys club, post office and the last remaining shop 1989. The local authority decided to turn the school into a Field Study Centre, which was later closed and relocated to Margam Park. The building was demolished following the closure.

Now a small village of around 30 houses, Abercregan is in surroundings which have returned to their former pre-industrial rural condition. Abercregan is within the boundaries of the Afan Forest Park which is a joint venture between Forest Enterprise and local businesses which provide for and promote green tourism in the area. Following campaigning by local residents, Abercregan is now home to the only designated village green in the Neath Port Talbot area.

Abercregan United Football Club, is nicknamed 'The Shire'. The nickname was bestowed on the club by local celebrity Matthew ‘Joe’ Pitman and is a reference to the shire in Lord Of The Rings which he thought resembled the village. The club has a proud history winning many league titles and cups since its formation. The club folded at the end of the 2016–17 season but have since reformed and currently play in the Port Talbot and District Football League. Home matches were originally played on the Riverside Ground in Abercregan which was condemned by the local council in 2006. Home games are now played at the Red Field in Cymmer.

The former football changing rooms in Abercregan, which had previously been the village chapel, was purchased and is now being used as a place of worship again by the Afan Christian Fellowship.

title: Abercregan


text:
MegaFon

MegaFon (МегаФон), previously known as North-West GSM, is the second largest mobile phone operator and the third largest telecom operator in Russia. It works in the GSM, UMTS and LTE standard. The company serves 62.1 million subscribers in Russia and 1.6 million in Tajikistan. It is headquartered in Moscow.

In 2002 the company changed its name from North-West GSM to MegaFon when it acquired several regional companies, becoming the first GSM company in Russia to cover all its territory. The name "MegaFon" in Russian is spelled and pronounced exactly like the Russian word for megaphone; other connotations are mega- as "big" and fon as "telephone".

History
June 17, 1993, was the registration date of North–West GSM CJSC (Saint Petersburg). Alexander Malyshev became the first General Director. The major international investors included Scandinavian companies Sonera (Finland), Telia International AB (Sweden) and Telenor Invest AS (Norway). Telecommunication equipment was supplied by Nokia.

1994 – launch of commercial operation of GSM (2G) network, the first in Russia.

1999 – number of the company's subscribers became over 100,000. By that time the network of the North-West GSM had completely covered Saint Petersburg and Leningrad region, it was also actively expanding in the northern areas of the Russian North-West.

July 1999 – North-West GSM was the first Russian operator that signed roaming agreements with all countries in Europe. The same year, for the first time ever in Russia, mobile communication started to operate in Saint Petersburg metro, and the operator's spectrum of value-added services included WAP-access to the Internet.

2000 – shareholders of the company adopted a new strategy that was targeted at the mass market.

November 2001 – number of North-West GSM subscribers exceeded 500,000.

May 2002 – The number of North-West GSM subscribers exceeded 1 million.

May 7, 2002 – in the course of rebranding North-West GSM CJSC was renamed to MegaFon OJSC. Rebranding of the company was started on April 28, 2002, by change of the logo. At that moment, North-West GSM was merged with Sonic Duo CJSC (Moscow), Ural GSM CJSC (Yekaterinburg), Mobicom-Kavkaz CJSC (Krasnodar), Mobicom-Center CJSC, Mobicom-Novosibirsk CJSC, Mobicom-Khabarovsk CJSC, MCS-Povolzhie OJSC, Volzhsky GSM (Saransk, Republic of Mordovia).

On October 2, 2007, MegaFon launched for operation the first Russian fragment of the third generation network in IMT-2000/UMTS (3G) at the territory of Saint Petersburg and Leningrad region. For the first time ever in this country the radio access sub-system UTRAN (UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network) was launched for trial commercial operation and included 30 base stations. And already on October 24, 2007, MegaFon announced about start of 3G service in Saint Petersburg and Leningrad region. For the first time in Russia, the following services became available for mass users: Internet access at the data transmission speed that is ten times higher than in the existing GSM networks (2G and 2,5G) of GPRS/EDGE technology, high-quality Mobile TV, video communication.

December 2008 – the extraordinary General Shareholders Meeting of MegaFon took a resolution on reorganization of MegaFon OJSC in the form of its merger with Sonic Duo CJSC (Moscow), Ural GSM CJSC (Yekaterinburg), Mobicom-Kavkaz CJSC (Krasnodar), Mobicom-Center CJSC, Mobicom-Novosibirsk CJSC, Mobicom-Khabarovsk CJSC, MCS-Povolzhie OJSC. The number of subscribers exceeded 43.2 million.

On March 16, 2009, MegaFon founded a virtual mobile network operator "PROSTO" (Just for Communication) on the basis of the Stolichny Branch.

On July 1, 2009, reorganization was completed, and now mobile communication services in Russia are provided by the North-West, Stolichny, Kavkaz, Center, Volga, Ural, Siberia and Far East branches of MegaFon OJSC.

On September 25, 2009, it was announced about rebranding of TT mobile CJSC, subsidiary of MegaFon that provided telecom services under the brand of MLT – "Mobile Lines of Tajikistan". The new company's name is MegaFon-Tajikistan.

Since March 1, 2010, Ostelecom CJSC started to provide telecom services in the Tskhinvali region (occupied territory of Georgia) under MegaFon brand.

In June 2010, MegaFon acquired 100% shares of Synterra company, which was a move to strengthen network infrastructure and enhance the positions in the markets of long-distance communication, fixed and mobile broadband access to the Internet, as well as convergence services.

Three months later, the extraordinary General Shareholders Meeting of MegaFon unanimously approved acquisition of 100% shares of PeterStar CJSC from Synterra.

Based on the results of Q3 2010 MegaFon became the second-ranked operator in mobile revenue.

Based on Q3 2010 results MegaFon became the leader in the revenue share from value-added services (VAS) among the Big Three operators.

As a result of 2010, MegaFon became the Top 2 operator (after MTS) in number subscribers among the Russian cellular communication providers.

As a result of 2010, MegaFon acquired the Top Second position in terms of revenue among the Russian Big Three operators.

On July 20, 2011, it was announced about rebranding of TT mobile CJSC. MLT brand was renamed to MegaFon-Tajikistan.

In November 2011, MegaFon signed a partnership agreement with Scartel on joint development of the Fourth Generation networks LTE (Long Term Evolution) in Russia. As a result, the company got the opportunity to provide LTE 4G services using Scartel's equipment. In its turn, Scartel will be able to use MegaFon's infrastructure.

In December 2011, the company created MegaLabs, 100% subsidiary, which is the single center of design and launch of value-added services.

In August 2012 MegaFon released its first smartphone called Megafon Mint in Russia with the new Intel Atom (system on chip). In December 2013 the company received a licence for cable television broadcasting.

In January 2014 the company has launched international roaming data networks in the fourth generation. The first countries where service is available are Switzerland and South Korea. The same month MegaFon CEO Ivan Tavrin obtained a 12% stake of VK.com, Russia's most popular social networking website, from VK's founder Pavel Durov.

In February 2014 board of directors of MegaFon has approved a deal to buy a 100% voting stake in SMARTS Volgograd, a unit of mobile firm SMARTS which covers the Volga and central regions of the country.

In the same month, MegaFon commercially launched fragment network LTE Advanced (LTE-A) within the Garden Ring in Moscow. Formerly MegaFon network tested LTE-A in the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi. For this Megafon uses bands in the range 2600 MHz own unique combination of frequency spectrum and network resource of Skartel as a mobile virtual network operator (MVNO).

In 2021, the company's revenue amounted to 313 billion rubles.

In March 2022 MegaFon is expelled from the GSMA association.

In April 2023 Megafon was sanctioned by USA on basis of being part of USM company, belonging to Russian billionaire Alisher Usmanov. Megafon said it viewed the sanctions as "an unfair and illegal step that has no basis," and followed to lodge a counter case against EU sanctions.

Hardware branding
Starting in 2015, the company began production of hardware under "MegaFon" brand. These include fixed and mobile phones

Ownership
The company went public in 2012, listing on stock exchanges in Moscow and London. In July 2018, the company's board of directors announced that being a public company was no longer considered a strategic priority and that it would seek to repurchase its GDRs shares from the market and delist, initially from the London Stock Exchange. GDRs were delisted in London in October 2018. The GDR repurchase consolidated more than 75% of ownership in the company, which triggered a mandatory offer to minority shareholders in December 2018. Shares were delisted from the Moscow Exchange in June 2019. Formally shares in the company are now split between USM Telecom (43.68%) and a wholly owned USM subsidiary, AF Telecom Holding (56.32%).

Georgia
The Georgian National Communications Commission (GNCC) has accused MegaFon of illegal business operations and participation in the military and economic annexation of Georgia.

According to the GNCC, MegaFon has provided unlicensed mobile phone coverage in the conflict zones of Georgia beginning in 2005, in particular the South Ossetia region. The company covered mostly the areas of dislocation of the Russian military forces present in Georgia under the CIS peacekeeping mandate. The rest of the area was mostly covered by the Georgian mobile phone carriers "Geocell" Ltd. and "Magticom". In the spring of 2008, GNCC received complaints from Georgian mobile communication companies regarding the destruction of their communication facilities in the region and installation of MegaFon antennas. The GNCC conducted survey monitoring trips to establish the presence of MegaFon's unlicensed coverage.

The GNCC imposed two fines on MegaFon: the first in the amount of 5,000 GEL ($3,750) in July 2008, and the second, for the recurrence of violation, in the amount of 500,000 GEL (approx. $350,000) in September 2008.

Because Georgian law envisages criminal liability for illegal business activities, the GNCC has notified the General Prosecutor of Georgia on the alleged violations committed by MegaFon. The Prosecutor General of Georgia was expected to initiate criminal proceedings against key officials of MegaFon.

On October 2, 2008, Tbilisi City Court upheld the GNCC's decision, finding MegaFon liable for providing unlicensed telecommunication services in Georgia. MegaFon's appeal of the second administrative fine was to be heard by Tbilisi City Court in November 2008.

Tajikistan
MegaFon's only subsidiary outside Russia is Tajikistan's TT Mobile.

Uzbekistan
Kommersant reported on September 7, 2006, that MegaFon is negotiating in buying an 85% stake in Uzbek mobile operator Coscom from the MCT Corporation. The other 15% stake in Coscom would be held by Coscom management and private shareholders. Analysts estimated Coscom is worth between US$180–200 million. Coscom's has over 300,000 customers.

Iran
BBC Persian reported on May 13, 2008, that Megafon had opened an office in Tehran.

Sponsorship

 * KHL hockey league
 * For the 2009 Formula One season, MegaFon was one of the sponsors for the Renault F1 Team.
 * Megafon was a national partner for 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi in 2014
 * Russian e-sports team Virtus Pro
 * English Premier League team Everton- Suspended

Criticism
By November 2012 MegaFon received a number of orders from Russian telecommunication and consumer market authorities to amend contracts with its 63 million subscribers and to make these contracts compliant with requirements of Russian law. All MegaFon's attempts to challenge these orders in Russian arbitration courts were unsuccessful.

Also in 2012, several arbitration cases in Russian courts ruled that MegaFon violated consumer rights.

MegaFon did not meet requirements of Russian legislation and did not report any legally required certificates of compliance to the Federal Communications Agency Rossvyaz.

On 28 January 2021, Liberal Democrat MPs called for sanctions to be imposed on Russian oligarchs, linked to British football clubs (including MegaFon executive Alisher Usmanov and Chelsea owner Roman Abramovich) in response to the poisoning of Russian Opposition figure Alexei Navalny.

title: MegaFon


text:
Durand Cup

The Durand Cup (also called the IndianOil Durand Cup Powered by Coal India Limited for sponsorship reasons) is an annual domestic football competition in India which was first held in 1888 in Shimla, Himachal Pradesh. Hosted by the Durand Football Tournament Society (DFTS) and the All India Football Federation (AIFF), the tournament is the oldest existing club football tournament in Asia and the fifth oldest national football competition in the world. The tournament currently serves as the curtain raiser for every Indian football season. It is open for any national club of any divisions, with guest invitee teams from different sections of the Indian Armed Forces, keeping the century long tradition intact.

Since the inception of the Federation Cup, it became merely an exhibition tournament with invitational participations. However, from 2022 all the Indian Super League and majority of the I-League clubs participate making it open to all clubs across all divisions in India along guest invite teams. The tournament indicates the beginning of an Indian football season across all divisions.

The tournament is named after its founder Sir Henry Mortimer Durand, the foreign secretary of India from 1884 to 1894. It was first began as a football tournament for different departments and regiments of Armed forces of India and the princely states. Since independence, the army's presence is maintained by the participation of several clubs of different regiments Indian Armed Forces as guest invitees. Army Green became the latest Army team to win the competition in 2016.

Foundation
The Durand Football Tournament, known as Durand Cup, was started by Sir Henry Mortimer Durand in Shimla in 1888. Sir Henry was recuperating from illness in Shimla in North India. Having become conscious of the value of sport as a means to maintain health, he decided to present a prize to encourage sporting competition in India. In 1940, the venue of the tournament was shifted to New Delhi.

British Raj era
The Durand tournament was initially a military affair, open to the British Armed Forces, the Indian Army and other armed units such as provincial frontier-security regiments and the volunteer regiments of the reserves. In practice, however, the native soldiers traditionally preferred field hockey to football, a fact which has been evident from the Indian and Pakistani dominance of that sport in international events such as the Olympics. The exception to this tradition were the Nepali men of the brigades of Gurkhas. Initially, this tended to leave the field open to the Indian Army until football's popularity took hold and it became the more universal sport it is today.

The matches were played in Dagshai, near Shimla, with the inaugural final becoming a Scottish affair, where the first name on the trophy been inscribed was the Royal Scots Fusiliers, who beat the Highland Light Infantry by 2–1. In 1940 the tournament was relocated to the capital city of New Delhi and, with most military units dispatched in World War II, the tournament was opened to civilian teams so as to maintain the level of competition, wherein Mohammedan became the first civilian team to win the tournament at the Irwin Amphitheater. The tournament would get suspended due to the war, which would soon be followed by the Indian independence movement leading to the partition of India.

Post-independence
Following the turmoil of in 1947, the Durand Cup was accidentally discovered in the office of Commander-in-Chief Sir Claude Auchinleck and efforts were made in order to shift the tournament to the newly formed Pakistan, but was strongly resisted by the Defence Secretary H.M. Patel, who acquired and stored it in the State Bank of India, ensuring that the Durand Cup remains a part of Indian football. Since then the tournament is hosted by the Durand Football Tournament Society, a registered society at Delhi, presided by the Chief of Defence Staff and chaired by the three Service Chiefs of Indian Armed Forces. At the first edition of the tournament since the independence of India, Hyderabad City Police defeated Mohun Bagan by 1–0 in the replayed final. For the next ten years, the trophy would go on to swap hands frequently among East Bengal FC, Mohun Bagan, Madras Regimental Centre and Hyderabad City Police, who played as Andhra Pradesh Police after 1960. After a year of halt due to Sino-Indian War, the tournament would get dominated by Mohun Bagan and East Bengal, with Border Security Force and JCT FC challenging their dominant run at times. In 1997, FC Kochin became the first South Indian club to get their hands on the Durand Cup.

Mahindra United FC won the first title of the 3rd millennium and their second time, following its 1998 win. In 2006, Osian's became the first civilian organisation to co-host the Durand Cup on a 5-year deal with DFTS until 2010, in order to develop the tournament and revive the interest in the game. In the following years however, clubs from Goa produced a run of winning form with clubs like Salgaocar FC, Sporting Clube de Goa, Dempo SC and Churchill Brothers FC Goa. Churchill Brothers FC Goa won the tournament thrice in 2007, 2009 and 2011, and narrowly missed a hat-trick, as runners-up in 2008. Since 2000, only twice the tournament was won by the Indian Armed Force teams – Army XI in 2005 and Army Green in 2016. In 2013, Mohammedan SC would win the tournament for the second time after 73 years and for the first time since the independence of India. Due to lack of adequate response in New Delhi, the following year Durand Cup was relocated to Goa, under the instructions of Minister of Defence Manohar Parrikar. The significance of the tournament had dissipated with time but the Indian Armed Forces kept the Durand Tournament tradition alive for decades. The tournament had been scrapped-off from the Indian football calendar a number of times without any significant reason, for instance in the years 2015, 2017 and 2018.

In 2019, the tournament was jointly organised by the Armed Forces and the Government of West Bengal, thus relocated to West Bengal in favour for higher attendance figures. In that edition, Gokulam Kerala FC became the second football club from Kerala to win the tournament. In 2020, the tournament was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. In 2021, the Armed Forces decided to host the tournament in West Bengal, jointly with the Government of West Bengal, till 2025. As the significance of the tournament depraved, usually the participating Indian Super League (ISL) clubs would field their respective reserve squads, in order to focus on the more important league games. However, at 130th edition of the tournament, organisers took an effort to revive the legacy and most clubs decided to field full-strength squads. FC Goa became fourth Goan club to win the tournament by defeating Mohammedan SC. The following year, AIFF decided to make Durand Cup a mandatory tournament for all ISL clubs to participate since a club must play at least 27 domestic games to be eligible for AFC competitions, therefore AFC for the first time recognised Durand Cup as one of the cup tournaments of India. Hence, in the 131st edition, for the first time, all the clubs of ISL participated in the tournament along with five invited clubs from I-League and the usual four armed force teams. Due to expansion of the competition, the matches were hosted at more than one venue, alongside Kolkata, which was unprecedented till then.

Competition format
While there is no record of the competition's format in its earlier days, currently the Durand Cup is played in two phases: round-robin and knockouts.

A total of 24 teams feature in the group stage round. Each team is allowed to have a maximum of 30 players to complete their rosters.

After the round-robin schedule, top teams from each group would progress into the knockout stage, which culminates with 2 teams facing each other in the finals.

Trophies
Unlike any other competition around the world winning team is presented with three trophies:
 * Durand Cup (Nicknamed The Masterpiece): the original tournament trophy which became a rolling trophy since 1965.
 * Shimla Trophy (Nicknamed The Artistry): donated by the residents of Shimla in 1904 to show their passion and support for the tournament, the trophy began to be awarded in rolling since 1965.
 * President's Cup (Nicknamed The Pride): a rolling trophy that replaced the Viceroy's Trophy post-independence by the President of India Dr. Rajendra Prasad.

Records

 * Most wins: 17,
 * Mohun Bagan SG (1953, 1959, 1960, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1974, 1977, 1979, 1980, 1982, 1984, 1985, 1986, 1994, 2000, 2023)
 * Most consecutive wins: 3, joint record:
 * Mohun Bagan SG (1963, 1964, 1965 and 1984, 1985, 1986)
 * East Bengal (1989, 1990, 1991)
 * Highland Light Infantry (1893, 1894, 1895)
 * Black Watch (1897, 1898, 1899)
 * Most appearances: 30
 * Mohun Bagan (1950, 1953, 1959, 1960, 1961, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1970, 1972, 1974, 1977, 1978, 1979, 1980, 1982, 1983, 1984, 1985, 1986, 1987, 1989, 1994, 1997, 2000, 2004, 2009, 2019, 2022, 2023)
 * Most finals appearances without ever winning: 3
 * East Lancashire Regiment (1880, 1900, 1902)
 * Most appearances without ever losing: 3, joint record:
 * Salgaocar (1999, 2003, 2014)
 * South Wales Borderers (1900, 1901, 1938)
 *  Biggest win
 * Highland Light Infantry 8–1	Shimla Rifles (2nd Punjab Volunteer Rifle Corps) (1889)
 *  Highest scoring: 9, joint record:
 * Highland Light Infantry	8–1	Shimla Rifles (2nd Punjab Volunteer Rifle Corps) (1889)
 * Churchill Brothers	5–4	United (2011)

title: Durand Cup


text:
The Rag Trade

The Rag Trade is a British television sitcom broadcast by the BBC between 1961 and 1963 and by ITV between 1977 and 1978. Although a comedy, it shed light on gender, politics and the "class war" on the factory floor.

The scripts were written by partners Chesney and Wolfe, who later wrote Wild, Wild Women, Meet the Wife and On the Buses. Wild, Wild Women was a period variation of The Rag Trade.

Synopsis
The action centred on a fictional small clothing workshop (the title is a reference to the textile industry), Fenner's Fashions in London. Although run by Harold Fenner (Peter Jones) and the foreman and pattern cutter Reg Turner (Reg Varney), the female workers are led by militant shop steward Paddy Fleming (Miriam Karlin), ever ready to strike, with the catchphrase "Everybody out!" Other cast members included Sheila Hancock (as Carole Taylor), Esma Cannon (as Lily Swann), Wanda Ventham (as Shirley) in series 2 and Barbara Windsor (as Gloria, during series 1, who later returned as Judy in series 3) replacing Sheila Hancock.

In 1975, a colour pilot was made; with only Peter Jones reprising his role, this colour pilot featured a young Tony Robinson (replacing Reg Varney), Gaye Brown (briefly replacing Karlin), Jumoke Debayo, Diane Langton, Annabel Leventon, Jamila Massey, Mollie Maureen (replacing Esma Cannon) and Trixie Scales.

The theme tune for this colour pilot was performed by Alex Welsh and his Band, however, this was never transmitted, as the BBC rejected the colour revival of the series.

Two years later, the series was revived by ITV company LWT, with Jones and Karlin reprising their roles. The 1977–78 version ran for two series, most of the scripts being based on the BBC episodes from the 1960s, and featured Anna Karen (reprising her role as Olive from On the Buses) and future EastEnders star Gillian Taylforth as factory workers.

The theme tune for the LWT series was written and performed by Lynsey de Paul (credited as Joan Brown) and released as a track on an album of TV themes that also featured another de Paul-penned theme "Hi Summer".

In 1990, the series was remade as the series Fredrikssons Fabrikk by NRK in Norway, it ran for three seasons (1990–93, 17 half hours and one 45min special) and a feature film version Fredrikssons Fabrikk – The Movie in 1994 with a script credited to Chesney and Wolfe, and Norwegian series writer Andreas Markusson.

1961–1963

 * Peter Jones as Harold Fenner
 * Miriam Karlin as Paddy Fleming
 * Reg Varney as Reg Turner
 * Esma Cannon as Lily Swann (series 1–2)
 * Sheila Hancock as Carole Taylor (series 1–2)
 * Barbara Windsor as Gloria (series 1) and Judy (series 3)
 * Ann Beach as Brenda (series 1)
 * Rita Smythe as Rita (series 1)
 * Wanda Ventham as Shirley (series 2–3)
 * Patricia Denys as Betty (series 3)
 * Stella Tanner as Olive (series 3)
 * Carmel Cryan as Gloria (series 3)
 * Amanda Reiss as Janet (series 3)
 * Irene Handl as Mrs Turner (series 3)

1977–1978

 * Peter Jones as Harold Fenner
 * Miriam Karlin as Paddy Fleming
 * Anna Karen as Olive Rudge
 * Christopher Beeny as Tony
 * Gillian Taylforth as Lyn
 * Diane Langton as Kathy
 * Deddie Davies as Mabel
 * Lucita Lijertwood as Jojo
 * Rowena Cooper as Mrs Fenner (series 1)
 * Joy Stewart as Mrs Fenner (series 2)

TV episodes
On original transmission many episodes of the original BBC TV series of The Rag Trade were not given titles, so some are from production notes and repeat screenings.

Series 2 (1962)
Christmas Night with the Stars 25 December 1962 – featured a short sketch. (Has been lost)

Missing episodes
Because of the BBC's wiping policy of that era, of the 36 episodes made only 21 episodes of the original BBC Television version (1961–62) still exist in the BBC archives.

The first series of the original BBC TV version of the show is almost complete, whilst the second series remains incomplete, as two episodes remain missing. Only one of the 13 episodes of the third (and final) BBC TV series (1963) currently exists – "Baby Dolls", which was confirmed to have been unearthed by Philip Morris of the Television International Enterprises Archive and returned to the BBC in 2018.

Music
"The Rag Trade" was the theme song to the 1977 revival of The Rag Trade,  The song was written by Lynsey de Paul, but the vocals are credited to Joan Brown singing "It's the rag trade" over a quirky tune, sounding remarkably like de Paul. Indeed, some sources credit the vocal performance of the song to de Paul. The recording was arranged by John Bell and the conductor was Denis King. It was released on an album of TV themes on the DJM Records subsidiary label Weekend Records. The DVD set featuring all 22 episodes of the LWT episodes, with the theme music at the beginning and ending of every episode, was released by Network. The original version of "The Rag Trade" can be heard on de Paul's official website.

DVD release
The 8 (out of the 10) existing episodes of the first series (broadcast in 1961) were released on DVD (DD Home Entertainment) in March 2006, followed by the 11 existing episodes of the second series (broadcast in 1962), released on DVD 7 months later in October 2006.

A 4-disc set consisting all the remaining episodes from the first two series of the show was later released (through Simply Media DVD) on 23 October 2017.

All the episodes of both colour series 4 and 5 of the (1977–78) LWT version of the series, including the 1977 Christmas special, have been released on DVD by Network.

title: The Rag Trade


text:
Welshpool, Western Australia

Welshpool is an inner southeastern suburb of Perth, Western Australia, located mostly within the City of Canning and partially within the Town of Victoria Park.

The area is one of the main industrial areas of Perth, along with Kewdale, Kwinana Beach, Henderson, Malaga, O'Connor, Canning Vale and Osborne Park.

Welshpool is visually known for its three complexes of silo towers. These house storage of feed products for the poultry and agricultural industries.

Welshpool is a traditional industrial suburb partly to the fact of its proximity to Perth Airport and short distance to the Perth central business district.

Welshpool is named after the town of Welshpool in Wales.

Transport
Welshpool was home to Welshpool railway station; it was located on the Armadale and Thornlie lines.

In the twentieth century the railway station yard was connected to a number of active sidings, including in the second world war to a munitions factory, however by the 2000s all sidings had been removed.

Welshpool Station was closed on 20 November 2023 and demolished due to low patronage and the modernisation of the railway line.

Welshpool Station was not connected to bus routes, though routes 282 and 283 are located close by on Welshpool Road. Both these routes run from Elizabeth Quay bus station to Kalamunda bus station.

Bus

 * 36 Cannington Station to Airport Central Station – serves Welshpool Road and Kewdale Road
 * 51 Cannington Station to Perth Busport – serves Welshpool Road and Orrong Road
 * 280 Cannington Station to High Wycombe Station – serves Welshpool Road and Orrong Road
 * 282 and 283 Elizabeth Quay Bus Station to Kalamunda Bus Station – serve Rutland Avenue, Welshpool Road, Swansea Street and Orrong Road
 * 284 Curtin University Bus Station to Belmont Forum – serves Star Street and Kew Street
 * 285 East Victoria Park to Kewdale – serves Orrong Road, Pilbara Street and Dowd Street

title: Welshpool, Western Australia


text:
Anaua

Anaua (Ἄναυα) was a town of ancient Phrygia, later also known as Sanaos. It was located near a salt lake by the same name, now Lake Acıgöl. The town is located near modern Sarıkavak.

title: Anaua


text:
Frank Fraser Darling

Sir Frank Fraser Darling FRSE (23 June 1903 – 22 October 1979) was an English ecologist, ornithologist, farmer, conservationist and author, who is strongly associated with the highlands and islands of Scotland. He gives his name to the Fraser Darling effect.

Early life
Fraser Darling was born in Soresby Street in Chesterfield in northern England, the illegitimate son of Harriet Cowley Ellse Darling and Cpt. Frank Moss.

His mother was the daughter of a prosperous family from Sheffield. Her family wanted the child to be fostered and forgotten about. However, she would not cooperate and refused to part with Frank. His father, whom he never met, left for East Africa around the time of his birth, and was killed in action on the Kenya-Tanganyika border in 1917.

In 1966, Darling revealed to his son that the pioneering plant geographer, Charles Edward Moss, was his uncle.

Career
After running away from school at the age of 15, Darling was sent to work on a farm in the Pennines. He then studied at the Midland Agricultural College (now part of the University of Nottingham), at Sutton Bonington in the Borough of Rushcliffe in Nottinghamshire, and obtained diplomas in agriculture and dairying. Soon afterwards he married Marion Fraser ("Bobbie") and took the double-barrelled surname Fraser Darling, which, although he was divorced from Bobbie in 1948, he used until the end of his life.

While working as a Clean Milk Advisor in Buckinghamshire, and longing for a research post in Scotland, Fraser Darling heard about the work of the Institute of Animal Genetics at Edinburgh University, and in the early 1930s the Director, Francis Albert Eley Crew, offered him a place there to study for a PhD. From 1929 to 1930 he was Director of the Commonwealth Bureau of Animal Breeding and Genetics, part of the Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, at Edinburgh.

In 1934, he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. His proposers included Francis Albert Eley Crew, William Christopher Miller, and A. D. Buchanan Smith.

Living at Dundonnell and later in the Summer Isles, Fraser Darling began the work that was to mark him as a naturalist-philosopher of original turn of mind and great intellectual drive. He described the social and breeding behaviour of the red deer, gulls, and the grey seal respectively, in the three academic works A Herd of Red Deer, Bird Flocks and the Breeding Cycle and A Naturalist on Rona. The Fraser Darling effect, proposed by Fraser Darling in 1938, is the simultaneous and shortened breeding season that occurs in large colonies of birds.

The outbreak of the Second World War put an end to Fraser Darling's hopes of undertaking further research on the grey seal and, being too old for active military service, he chose to farm rather than leave the west coast of Scotland for wartime civilian work. Between 1939 and 1943 Fraser Darling reclaimed derelict land to agricultural production on Tanera Mòr in the Summer Isles. In 1942, the wartime Secretary of State for Scotland, Thomas Johnston, asked him to run an agricultural advisory programme in the crofting areas of the Scottish Highlands and Islands. He agreed, and for two years he travelled, taught and wrote articles that were later published in book form as Crofting Agriculture. In 1944 he was appointed as Director of the West Highland Survey based at Kilcamb Lodge on the Strontian Estate in Ardnamurchan

The aim of the West Highland Survey, Fraser Darling wrote, was "to gather a solid body of facts... which would serve as a foundation for a future policy for the region". To gather these facts, he recruited five assistants, all young Highlanders: people personally acquainted with the crofting life who could converse with crofters in their native Gaelic rather than in the English of officialdom. Concerns at the Department of Agriculture about the radical nature of the findings of the survey and its implied criticism of the policies it had been pursuing led to repeated delays to its publication. It was finally published as West Highland Survey: An Essay in Human Ecology in 1955. In the concluding sentence of his introduction Fraser Darling wrote that: "the bald unpalatable fact is emphasized that the Highlands and Islands are largely a devastated terrain, and that any policy which ignores this fact cannot hope to achieve rehabilitation". The "devastation", he further concluded, was the inevitable outcome of bad land use. The Highlands had first been stripped of their natural forest cover, then they had been subjected to repeated burning, to intensive grazing, to overstocking and to other forms of maltreatment which had drained their soils of fertility and made them steadily less productive. Frank Mears drew on the preliminary report of the West Highland Survey (1948) in his interim report on planning and redevelopment in the County of Sutherland (1951).

In 1949, Julian Huxley, UNESCO's first Director-General, invited Fraser Darling to be one of UNESCO's representatives at the United Nations conference on conservation at Lake Success on Long Island. Huxley had been interested in Fraser Darling's studies on animal behaviour since the early 1940s, and the two had corresponded while Fraser Darling was living on Tanera Mor.

His 1969 BBC Reith Lectures (entitled Wilderness and Plenty ) were an important contribution to the growing debate on man's responsibility for his natural environment. They were described at the time as "an eloquent statement of the dependence of all living things on one another".

Fraser Darling received an Honorary Doctorate from Heriot-Watt University in 1971.

He died in Forres in Morayshire in north-east Scotland in October 1979.

Family
Darling married three times: firstly in 1922 to Marion Fraser (dissolved); secondly in 1948 to Averil Morley (d.1957); thirdly in 1960 to Christina MacInnes Brotchie.

Honours and awards

 * 1933–1936: Awarded Barnard Medal
 * 1934: Elected Fellow, Royal Society of Edinburgh
 * 1936–1939: Appointed Carnegie Research Fellow
 * 1947: Awarded Mungo Park Medal, Royal Scottish Geographical Society
 * 1970: Awarded Knighthood
 * 1970–1973: Appointed member of the Royal Commission on Environmental Pollution
 * 1972: Awarded Centenary Medal, US National Park Service
 * 1973: Created Commandeur, Order of the Golden Ark (Netherlands)

Selected bibliography

 * 1932 – Colour Inheritance in Bull-terriers. (Chapter in book by T.W. Hogarth).
 * 1932 – The Physiological and Genetical Aspects of Sterility in Domesticated Animals.
 * 1932 – Biology of the Fleece of the Scottish Mountain Blackface.
 * 1937 – A Herd of Red Deer. A Study in Animal Behaviour. Oxford University Press.
 * 1938 – Bird Flocks and the Breeding Cycle: a contribution to the study of avian sociality. Cambridge University Press.
 * 1938 – Wild Country. A Highland Naturalist's Notes and Pictures. Cambridge University Press.
 * 1939 – The Seasons and the Farmer: a Book for Children. Cambridge University Press. (Illustrated by Charles Tunnicliffe).
 * 1939 – A Naturalist on Rona: essays of a biologist in isolation. Clarendon Press: Oxford.
 * 1940 – Island Years. G. Bell and Sons.
 * 1941 – The Seasons and the Fisherman. Cambridge University Press.
 * 1942 – The Story of Scotland. Collins: London.
 * 1943 – Wildlife of Britain. Collins: London.
 * 1943 – Island Farm. G. Bell and Sons.
 * 1943 – The Care of Farm Animals.
 * 1945 – Crofting Agriculture. Its Practice in the West Highlands and Islands. Oliver and Boyd: Edinburgh.
 * 1947 – Natural History in the Highlands and Islands.
 * 1949 – Sandy the Red Deer. OUP: London.
 * 1953 – Alaska: An Ecological Reconnaissance. Ronald Press Company: New York.
 * 1955 – West Highland Survey: An Essay in Human Ecology.
 * 1956 – Pelican in the Wilderness: a naturalist's odyssey in North America. Allen & Unwin: London.
 * 1960 – An Ecological Renaissance of the Mara Plains in Kenya Colony. Wildlife Society.
 * 1960 – Wild life in an African territory. (Study made for the Game and Tsetse Control Dept of Northern Rhodesia). Oxford University: London.
 * 1966 – Future Environments of North America: Transformation of a Continent. (With John P. Milton). Natural History Press: New York.
 * 1969 – The Highlands and Islands. (Revised edition of Natural History in the Highlands and Islands, with J. Morton Boyd). Collins: London. ISBN 0-00-631955-6
 * 1969 – Impacts of Man on the Biosphere.
 * 1970 – Wilderness And Plenty: the Reith Lectures 1969. BBC. ISBN 0-563-09281-5
 * 1971 – A Conversation on Population, Environment, and Human Well-Being. Conservation Foundation: Washington.
 * 1972 – Foreword to "What We Eat Today" by Michael and Sheilagh Crawford, Neville Spearman, London SBN 85435 360 7.

title: Frank Fraser Darling


text:
User talk:Turbo~enwiki

Plastic Radio
Hi Turbo. Welcome to Wikipedia. I see that your only two logged in edits so far have been to add an external link to the Adelaide article that other people remove due to their perceiving it as spam. Perhaps you'll get on better adding the link to List of Internet stations instead. Could I suggest that if you want to add the link to the Adelaide article again, you describe on the talk page what makes Plastic Radio notable to Adelaide? At the moment, we see it as being neither notable (none of the Adelaide-based editors have heard of it) or specific to Adelaide (internet radio is available anywhere).

The perception that you are adding spam also comes from the fact that you haven't contributed to any other articles. Particularly with the article quoted at the Australian notice board from Sydney Morning Herald about viral marketing, we're a bit sensitive to editors that don't contribute to other parts of the project. You might like to read the vanity guidelines that talk about no advertising. I tend to edit a lot of articles about places, and sometimes external links I've added have been removed, too. Usually not if they contain expanded info on the interesting features of the town, but removed if they're mainly a list of motels and businesses.

Anyway, welcome. I'd like to encourage you to join in and help with the Australian Collaboration of the Fortnight, articles from WikiProject Adelaide, or any other topic you know about. I hope your first experiences with wikipedia have not put you off. --Scott Davis Talk 09:45, 31 August 2005 (UTC)

Policies
Turbo, you are welcome to contribute to Wikipedia only so long as you respect our Policies and Guidelines. You have broken perhaps one of our most essential policies, the Three Revert Rule - a rule designed to provide stability and discourage the edit warring you have engaged in. Because we like to give new users the benefit of the doubt, I am going to assume you were not familiar with that particular policy. However, understand ignorance is not an excuse. You are aware that others disapproved of the link you sought to publish and you were repeatedly encouraged to discuss your reasoning on the talk page. Do not try to include include the link again until you have gained support to do so from other editors on the talk page. Thanks, --Cyberjunkie | Talk 23:32, 11 September 2005 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Turbo. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Turbo~enwiki that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name. If you think you might own all of the accounts with this name and this message is in error, please visit Special:MergeAccount to check and attach all of your accounts to prevent them from being renamed.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 03:14, 20 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 20:01, 22 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Turbo~enwiki


text:
User:Drewpost

Image Tagging Image:Kensingtonhighstreet.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Kensingtonhighstreet.jpg. I notice it currently doesn't have an image copyright tag, so its copyright status is therefore unclear. Please add a tag to let us know its copyright status. (If you created/took the picture then you can use to release it under the GFDL. If you can claim fair use use  .)  If you don't know what any of this means, just let me know on the image description page where you got the images and I'll tag them for you. Otherwise, see Image copyright tags for the full list of copyright tags that you can use. Thanks so much. --Voyager 09:45, 31 August 2005 (UTC)

title: User:Drewpost


text:
Cerritos High School

Cerritos High School, also called CHS, is a comprehensive, four-year public high school located in Cerritos, California, serving grades 9-12. It is part of the ABC Unified School District.

As of the 2014-15 school year, the school had an enrollment of 2,176 students and 86.2 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 25.2:1. There were 354 students (16.3% of enrollment) eligible for free lunch and 209 (9.6% of students) eligible for reduced-cost lunch.

History
Cerritos High School began its history in September 1971 by sharing the campus of nearby Gahr High School. Rapidly increasing student population during the 1970s prompted the construction of its current campus, located across the street from the Civic Center, Cerritos Millennium Library, and Cerritos Sheriffs Station in 1973.

Student profile

 * Student enrollment by ethnicity

CIF-SS Championships

 * Football: 2023
 * Boys Swim: 2000, 2001, 2014, 2015, 2016 2002, 2022
 * Boys Golf: 2008
 * Boys Tennis: 2008, 2009
 * Girls Tennis: 2013, 2014
 * Girls Swim: 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016
 * Baseball: 1989
 * Softball: 2000, 2001
 * Softball DIV II : 1999, 2000

Notable alumni

 * Justin H. Min, class of 2007—actor best known for The Umbrella Academy
 * Tony Ahn, class of 1996—K-pop singer, former H.O.T member
 * Marcelo Balboa, class of 1984—US Men's National Soccer Team
 * Rickey Cradle, class of 1991—former Seattle Mariner
 * Jeff Hearron, class of 1977—former Toronto Blue Jay
 * Toby Henderson—pro BMX rider, inventor of the Henderson Hop, and ABA (BMX) Hall of Fame
 * Ben Howland, class of 1975—former UCLA Head Basketball Coach (2003–2013)
 * Eddie Lewis, class of 1992—Los Angeles Galaxy player
 * Roger Lodge—host of Blind Date
 * Todd McMillon, class of 1991—former NFL cornerback, Chicago Bears, and Gap model
 * Ed Morrissey—conservative blogger at Hot Air
 * Jae Park, class of 2010—Top 6 of K-pop Star 1 (Survival Audition Kpopstar), formerly a musician under JYP Entertainment, in a group called Day6
 * DJ Rhettmatic—hip hop DJ and producer/member of the Beat Junkies
 * Lela Rochon, class of 1982—actor, most notably in the films Waiting to Exhale and The Chamber
 * Jorge Salcedo—pro soccer player, Head UCLA Men's Soccer Coach
 * Dave Serrano, class of 1982—Head Baseball Coach Tennessee
 * Han Ye-seul—Korean actress
 * Eddie Soto—soccer player, assistant coach at UCLA
 * Kirsten Vangsness, class of 1990—actress, Criminal Minds
 * Tim Walton—baseball, Philadelphia Phillies, Head Coach of University of Florida softball team
 * Carlos de la Garza, class of 1992—Grammy Award winning producer and musician

title: Cerritos High School


text:
Snoop Dogg's Doggystyle

Snoop Dogg's Doggystyle is a mixed hardcore pornography and hip-hop music video featuring the music of rapper Snoop Dogg, presented by the rapper himself. It was released in 2001. It was the first hardcore video ever listed on the Billboard music video sales chart. Because of its huge success, it started a trend where rappers are put into the mainstream of the porn industry by hosting X-rated films. Many films of the genre followed, starring Necro, Mystikal, Too Short, Ice-T and Yukmouth. It also allowed Hustler to expand its boundaries by launching new subsidiaries for their recently formed fashion line and CD label. The scenes were shot at Snoop Dogg's house in Claremont, California. Snoop Dogg himself however, does not appear nude or perform any explicit acts.

Credits
Porn performers include:
 * Obsession
 * Mark Anthony
 * India
 * Tony Eveready
 * Charlie Angel
 * Jade Marcela
 * Bronze
 * Cuba Demoan
 * Farrah
 * Kaire
 * Anna Malle
 * Mr. Marcus
 * Jack Napier

Video dancers include:
 * Carla Harvey
 * Lenore
 * Petro
 * Moet
 * Essence
 * Caramel
 * Diva Blue
 * Alize

Snoop Dogg's entourage includes:
 * Xzibit
 * Rappin' 4-Tay
 * Tray Deee
 * Goldie Loc
 * Nate Dogg
 * Soopafly
 * DJ Jam
 * Uncle Junebug
 * Tha Locs

Featured songs
Several songs from Snoop Dogg Presents Tha Eastsidaz (2000):
 * "Pussy Sells", "Dogghouse", "G'd Up", "Now We Lay 'Em Down", "Tha G In Deee", "Give It 2 'Em Dogg" and "Tha Eastsidaz"

Other songs:
 * "In Love with a Thug" and "Don't Tell" from No Limit Top Dogg (1999)
 * "Brake Fluid (Biiittch Pump Yo Brakes)" from Tha Last Meal (2000)

Four exclusive songs:
 * "Let's Roll" - Goldie Loc feat. Snoop Dogg (samples "Billie Jean" by Michael Jackson)
 * "One More Switch"
 * "Fatal Attraction"
 * "Nigga Sayin' Hi"

title: Snoop Dogg's Doggystyle


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Cameron Wilson

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was speedy deleted --fvw *  13:49, August 31, 2005 (UTC)

Cameron Wilson
Non-notable bio, author keeps deleting speedy tag -Werdna648 09:47, 31 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Userify, assuming page creator won't just put it straight back. This user is quite possibly also User:David.Frew who is on a last warning for vandalism PubLife 09:57, 31 August 2005 (UTC)
 * No, the user is the subject of the article -- he's just got a whole heap of his friends (including david.frew) to support it.
 * Sockpuppet, Meatpuppet.. what's the difference, they're all bloody annoying, and an admin should take a look. PubLife

 * Delete Vanity article about a 14 year old boy. Provides references to show they have been published in the Sydney Morning Herald, but these are just links to a page on "Reader's reponses" and "Harry Potter: your reviews" on which we find a short paragraph by Cam Wilson. The www.camwilson.org website has three links, all of which don't work. Evil Monkey∴Hello 10:18, 31 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete or userfy, pure vanity. Also get these damn {sock|meat}puppets out of here! Alphax τεχ 10:43, 31 August 2005 (UTC)
 * They're meatpuppets - been reverting my nn-bio all afternoon. -Werdna648 10:49, 31 August 2005 (UTC)

User:Werdna648, dont' say we didn't warn you, we have asked you nicely not to continue with this, but you have decided to be a spoil sport. I honestly can't be bothered continuing this, but you will be persecuted tomorrow (What are the rules on persecution here at Wiki? Persecution
 * I don't know, but you should A) not use my real name in discussions online, and B) Sign all your comments with four tildes (~) . Oh, and by the way, go have a cry :) -Werdna648 11:13, 31 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Speedy Pure vanity bio. --Apyule 11:10, 31 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. I'd agree with speedy, but if he puts it back after a VfD has voted "delete" it can get a deletedpage tag all of its very own. Tonywalton | Talk 11:37, 31 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. However, looking at the talk page I would suggest that Cameron Wilson's ego is big enough to achieve notability. --Malthusian 13:11, 31 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy Delete Vanity DV8 2XL 12:18, 31 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy Delete WP:CSD-A7, Usrnme h8er 12:49, 31 August 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review). No further edits should be made to this page.


text: Talk:Mediterranean race

title: Talk:Mediterranean race


text:
Tang Liang Hong

Tang Liang Hong (born 1935) is a politician and lawyer from Singapore.

Tang stood as a candidate for the opposition Workers' Party in the Cheng San Group Representation Constituency at the 1997 general election. The Workers' Party team in the constituency was defeated by the team from the governing People's Action Party (PAP) by 45.2% to 54.8%.

Education
Tang started his formal education only at the age of 13, when he began attending Yeung Ching Primary School in 1949. He graduated from high school in 1957. He then began studying at Nanyang University in 1962 and moved to the University of Singapore the following year. He graduated in 1967 and joined the bar a year later at the age of 38.

Career
Tang served for several years as the Chairman of the Nanyang Academy of Fine Arts, and also sat on the board of management of The Chinese High School and Hwa Chong Junior College.

Political career
Tang stood as a candidate for the Workers' Party in a five-member team for Cheng San Group Representation Constituency at the 1997 general election. The party's team in the constituency also included the party's leader, former Member of Parliament J.B. Jeyaretnam.

During the election campaign, Prime Minister Goh Chok Tong accused Tang of being a Chinese chauvinist because of comments Tang had made at other public events in the past. Goh stated that he was therefore making himself "a special candidate" in Cheng San GRC (even though it was not his constituency) because he felt that Tang must be kept out of Parliament if Singapore's inter-racial harmony was to be protected. Tang insisted that all he had ever tried to do was to "better represent the Chinese community and ask questions on their behalf". He vigorously denied that he was a Chinese chauvinist and accused the PAP of trying to win votes by sowing fear into the electorate.

Tang also came under fire from the PAP after he raised the issue of the Hotel Properties Ltd case during the election campaign. This issue arose after the Stock Exchange of Singapore had previously criticised Hotel Properties Ltd for its "tardiness" in disclosing details of sales of its condominium units to directors and their family members. Former Prime Minister Lee Kuan Yew, who had purchased one of the units and whose brother was a director of Hotel Properties Ltd, claimed that Tang was trying to smear his name and milk this issue for political capital.

On election day, the Worker's Party's team in Cheng San GRC lost to the PAP's team by 44,132 votes (45.2%) to 53,553 (54.8%). This was the highest percentage of the vote garnered by any opposition losing candidates, and was therefore enough to secure one of the team's members a seat as a Non-Constituency Member of Parliament (NCMP). The party selected Jeyaretnam to become its NCMP.

After the election, Tang was sued for defamation by eleven PAP politicians, including Goh, Lee and Deputy Prime Ministers Lee Hsien Loong and Tony Tan, who accused him of making statements during the campaign which falsely questioned their integrity. A total of 13 judgements were entered against Tang for defamation.

Tang also subsequently faced charges from the Inland Revenue Department for evading taxes.

Tang left Singapore for Johor, Malaysia, shortly after the election. His wife's passport was then impounded but later released. Eventually Tang moved to Australia, where he was reunited with his wife.

After Tang left Singapore, the plaintiffs in the lawsuits obtained the Mareva injunction against him to restrain him from disposing of assets and to require him to disclose the whereabouts of his assets. When Tang failed to file an affidavit disclosing his assets, the plaintiffs obtained default judgements against Tang in all their suits. Damages were assessed by a judge of the High Court at a total of S$8,075,000. Tang's appeals against the default judgements were argued by the British Queen's Counsel Charles Gray before the Court of Appeal in September 1997, but was unsuccessful.

Personal life
Tang was born in 1935 to parents who came from agricultural backgrounds. He was one of eight children in his family.

Tang has not returned to Singapore since 1997 and continues to live in Australia.

title: Tang Liang Hong