text:
List of football clubs in Andorra

This is a list of all the clubs playing in the Andorran football league system, under Federació Andorrana de Fútbol in the two amateur levels:

 * Andorran First League (8 teams)
 * Andorran Second League (15 teams)

FC Andorra does not play in the Andorran leagues, but plays in the Spanish leagues. Currently, the team plays in the Segunda División.

In bold are indicated eight teams winners Andorran First Division, Cup and Super Cup.

title: List of football clubs in Andorra


text:
Talk:All Star DC Comics

Brownshoes
Why does this need a category for three pages? arent you jumping the Gun a bit?
 * The category is for founding this page eary !--Brown Shoes22 00:13, 25 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Putting them in the DC Comics Category serves that purpose just fine. --AjaxSerix 17:07, 29 August 2005 (UTC)

Hyphen or not?
OK, before anyone goes changing things, the current 2005 imprint DOES NOT have any hyphens (All Star NOT All-star). The original series from the 1940s for the most part DOES carry the hyphen (although they weren't anal about it, so it may not always appear). So please don't alter my changes on this to All-star (disambiguation), All Star Batman and Robin, All Star Superman, All Star Comics and All Star DC Comics. That means you too, Brown Shoes22!! We are fellow Edmontonians and have to stick together. I'm not saying don't delete this page, just don't overscrew with the hyphens. If ultimately this page is done away with, then the other pages must be amended accordingly. But, if we end up with a third "All Star" series as has been suggested, then maybe there is a place for it after all. Dyslexic agnostic 07:58, 19 November 2005 (UTC)

The third expected to start in 2006 ?
Wonder Woman is a good guess, Joss Whedon be doing a Wonder Woman (film)--Brown Shoes22 06:34, 25 December 2005 (UTC)
 * Speculation Dyslexic agnostic 11:07, 25 December 2005 (UTC)
 * Wonder Woman is a good Speculation, Joss Whedon be doing a Wonder Woman (film)--Brown Shoes22 16:50, 26 December 2005 (UTC)
 * All Star:Green Arrow, Green Lantern, Flash, Black Canary (She will be in All Star: Batman and Robin), Martian Manhunter. Is not out of the idea. But, the line is tie to the new Moives Warner Bros are doing.--Brown Shoes22 00:08, 2 January 2006 (UTC)

Tie to WB Movies ?
In the Batman Begins two dice DVD Jim Lee said DC reopen All Stars doto the critical and financial success of it and the upcoming Superman Returns.--Brown Shoes22 20:46, 4 January 2006 (UTC)

 * Ultimate Marvel was started for almost the same reason back then. --Destron Commander 02:43, 14 February 2006 (UTC)

Teen Titans?
What does this animated series have to do with the All-Star imprint? Is it because this series also non-canon to other DC Comics shows and comics? In terms of multimedia, I think linking to Batman Begins and Superman Returns deem more appropriate to this article than the Titans link. --Captain Cook 09:53, 23 April 2006 (UTC)

Ongoing series, or maxi-series?
??--DrBat 01:38, 14 June 2006 (UTC)
 * So far the All Star Comics are ongoing series!--Brown Shoes22 02:14, 14 June 2006 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Allstarlogo.jpg
Image:Allstarlogo.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

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If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images lacking such an explanation can be deleted one week after being tagged, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot (talk) 06:14, 2 January 2008 (UTC)

Failed Imprint
I think it´s pretty obvious, that currently no titles are in production anymore. And withe the upcoming Earth One Stories, DC is trying another way of introducing new readers to their most popular heroes. Even All Star Batman is not published under the impront anymore and will be officially made part of the Dark Knight Universe. I think it is appropriate to talk of a failed impront in the article or at least mention the current situation. 87.174.249.20 (talk) 08:55, 11 September 2010 (UTC)

I agree that it is very unlikely that we will see future comics under the "All Star" imprint moniker. However, we don't know that for sure. DC hasn't yet outright stated that All Star is over. That's why I think that passages like "...the imprint is effectively defunct" in the article are unwarranted. We could just as easily state that no titles under the imprint have been released or announced for the last few years. That would get the point across without making any assumptions that we as an encyclopedia probably shouldn't make. 68.146.95.131 (talk) 03:52, 25 April 2011 (UTC)

Notability being disputed?
Hi, user:Spshu recently added template:Notability to the article. The article seems to have enough secondary sources, and is well-known enough that it seems to have notability. Any particular reason for this tag? || Tako (talk) 20:26, 24 May 2013 (UTC)
 * Well-known enough by who? Needs some mainstream coverage (of which All Star DC is the main subject) not just geek/comic book news sites.  The article also has the problem of forum  sources. --Spshu (talk) 21:27, 24 May 2013 (UTC)
 * The Newsarama forum sources weren't user posts; they were transcripts of an interview between Newsarama staff and Geoff Johns, and the forum post was simply used a comment thread. It was (years ago) how they'd do press and news releases. Aside from the links being dead, that's not at all an issue. I can replace the deadlinks to those with Archived links (or from the website itself, if they moved over their announcements section). Other than the broken references; everything is verifiable. Mainstream media is not a requirement of notability. Third party sources are. || Tako (talk) 21:56, 24 May 2013 (UTC)
 * Mainstream media is a requirement of notability, just not directly. Since there are (primarily) comic book news sites like Newsarama and ComicBookResources there would be indiscriminate inclusion of most all comic book topics.  "The number and nature of reliable sources needed varies depending on the depth of coverage and quality of the sources."  Quality and nature speaks to having some academic and/or national mainstream media coverage as they have higher reliability. Spshu (talk) 19:08, 29 May 2013 (UTC)

Revival?
Scott Snyder is going to make new series called "All-Star Batman". Wouldn't that mean that perhaps DC is planning to revive the imprint? source: http://www.comicbookresources.com/article/scott-snyder-talks-batman-finale-all-star-future-love-for-capullo

External links modified
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All Star Batman link
The link that's supposed to link to Snyder's All Star Batman instead goes to the page All Star Batman & Robin, the Boy Wonder by Frank Miller. Snyder's All Star Batman doesn't have a page.Kevinstefanowicz (talk) 04:25, 29 May 2017 (UTC)

All Star Wonder Woman
I removed the text pertaining to Adam Hughes working on All Star Wonder Woman because it's hilariously outdated and irrelevant. He obviously didn't really work on the title after his Catwoman cover run. Indeed, the months-long delays between issues of Betty and Veronica prove that he's incapable of writing and drawing a comic on his own in a timely fashion. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 70.112.229.80 (talk) 22:57, 9 April 2019 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:All Star DC Comics


text: Category:1886 establishments

title: Category:1886 establishments


text: User talk:68.41.25.29

title: User talk:68.41.25.29


text:
Dying to Win

Dying to Win: The Strategic Logic of Suicide Terrorism is Robert Pape's analysis of suicide terrorism from a strategic, social, and psychological point of view. It is based on a database he has compiled at the University of Chicago, where he directs the Chicago Project on Security and Threats (CPOST). The book's conclusions are based on data from 315 suicide terrorism attacks around the world from 1980 through 2003. Of these, 301 were classified into 18 different campaigns by 11 different militant groups; the remaining 14 appear to have been isolated. Published in May 2005, Pape's volume has been widely noticed by the press, the public, and policymakers alike, and has earned praise from the likes of Peter Bergen, Congressman Ron Paul (R-Texas), and Michael Scheuer.

Dying to Win is divided into three parts, analyzing the strategic, social, and psychological dimension of suicide terrorism.

Chapter 1: The Growing Threat
Pape claims to have compiled the world's first "database of every suicide bombing and attack around the globe from 1980 through 2003—315 attacks in all" (3). "The data show that there is little connection between suicide terrorism and Islamic fundamentalism, or any one of the world's religions. ... Rather, what nearly all suicide terrorist attacks have in common is a specific secular and strategic goal: to compel modern democracies to withdraw military forces from territory that the terrorists consider to be their homeland" (4). It is important that Americans understand this growing phenomenon (4–7).

Chapter 2: Explaining Suicide Terrorism
Caveat: the book's conclusions do not hold for terrorism in general (8–9). Pape distinguishes among demonstrative terrorism, which seeks publicity, destructive terrorism, which seeks to exert coercion through the threat of injury and death as well as to mobilize support, and suicide terrorism, which involves an attacker's actually killing himself or herself along with others, generally as part of a campaign (9–11). Three historical episodes are introduced for purposes of comparison: the ancient Jewish Zealots (11–12; see also 33–34), the 11th-12th-century Ismaili Assassins (12–13; see also 34–35), and the Japanese kamikazes (13; see also 35–37).

Pape had graduate students fluent in many languages scour the international press for incidents of suicide terrorism. There was no suicide terrorism from 1945 to 1980 (13–14). They found 315 incidents, beginning with the 1983 Beirut barracks bombing (14). They were able to classify all but 14 of the incidents into 18 different campaigns by 10 different organizations of predominantly Muslim, Hindu or Sikh religious persuasion. These included the Tamil Tigers (July 1990), the Israeli occupation of Palestine (1994), Persian Gulf (1995), Turkey (1996), Chechnya (2000), Kashmir (2000), and the U.S. (2001) (14–15). Five campaigns were still ongoing in early 2004, when Dying to Win was being written (15–16).

Traditional explanations for suicide terrorism focus on individual motives, but fail to explain the specificity of suicide terrorism (16–17). Economic explanation of this phenomenon yields "poor" results (17–19). Explanation of suicide terrorism as a form of competition between radical groups is dubious (19–20).

Pape proposes an alternative explanation of the "causal logic of suicide terrorism": at the strategic level, suicide terrorism exerts coercive power against democratic states to cease occupation of territory terrorists consider homeland, while at the social level it depends on mass support and at the individual level it is motivated by altruism (20–23). All 18 campaigns shared two elements: (1) a foreign occupation (2) by a democracy. Only one of the 10 groups shared a religion with the occupiers: the Kurdistan Workers' Party in Turkey. "The bottom line, then, is that suicide terrorism is mainly a response to foreign occupation" (23).

Chapter 3: A Strategy for Weak Actors
The willingness of an attacker to die has strategic value (27–29). As a weapon of weak groups incapable of "denial" as a "coercive strategy," suicide terrorism relies on punishment and, especially, "the expectation of future damage," which provides coercive leverage (29–33).

Chapter 4: Targeting Democracies
Pape claims that his research reveals that the key to understanding the phenomenon of suicide attacks is not religion, but that they "compel democracies to withdraw military forces from the terrorists' national homeland" (38). Patterns of timing (39–41), nationalist goals (42–44), and the targeting of democracies (44–45) reveal its logical, not irrational, nature. "At bottom, suicide terrorism is a strategy for national liberation from foreign military occupation by a democratic state" (45). Foreign occupation is defined in terms of control of territory (not military occupation alone) (46). The targets selected by suicide terrorists suggests nationalist, not religious, aims (46–47). Hamas (47–51) and Al-Qaeda (51–58) are analyzed in some detail. In general, the harshness of occupation does not strongly correlate with suicide terrorism (58–60).

Chapter 5: Learning Terrorism Pays
Terrorists are predisposed to attribute success to their technique whenever plausible (62–64). Pape claims that "recent suicide terrorist campaigns ... are associated with gains for the terrorists' political causes about half the time" (64–65). Hamas's success is difficult to evaluate, but Hamas spokespersons express belief in their own success (65–73). Terrorists learn from each other; the spread of the method is therefore neither irrational nor surprising (73–75). But suicide terrorism has failed "to compel target democracies to abandon goals central to national wealth or security" (75–76).

Chapter 6: Occupation and Religious Difference
"[T]he taproot of suicide terrorism is nationalism" not religion (79). It is "an extreme strategy for national liberation" (80). This explains how the local community can be persuaded to re-define acts of suicide and murder as acts of martyrdom on behalf of the community (81–83). Pape proposes a nationalist theory of suicide terrorism, seen from the point of view of terrorists. He analyzes the notions of occupation (83–84), homeland (84–85), identity (85–87), religious difference as a contributor to a sense of "alien" occupation (87–88), foreign occupation reverses the relative importance of religion and language (88–92), and the widespread perception of the method as a "last resort" (92–94). A statistical demonstration leads to the conclusion that a "linear" rather than "self-reinforcing spiral" explanation of suicide terrorism is best (94–100). However, different future developments of the phenomenon of suicide terrorism are very possible, and more study of the role of religion is needed (101).

Chapter 7: Demystifying al-Qaeda
With increasing knowledge of al-Qaeda, we see that "the presence of American military forces for combat operations on the homeland territory of the suicide terrorists is stronger than Islamic fundamentalism in predicting whether individuals from that country will become al-Qaeda suicide terrorists" (103). "Al-Qaeda is less a transnational network of like-minded ideologues ... than a cross-national military alliance of national liberation movements working together against what they see as a common imperial threat" (104). The nature of Salafism, a Sunni form of Islamic fundamentalism, is complex (105–07). Statistical analysis fails to corroborate Salafism-terrorism connection, but it does corroborate a connection to U.S. military policies in the Persian Gulf (107–17). Al-Qaeda propaganda emphasizes the "Crusader" theme, which is inherently related to occupation (117–24). Pape concludes that "the core features of al-Qaeda" are captured by his theory (125).

Chapter 8: Suicide Terrorist Organizations around the Globe
Robert Pape examines other campaigns to see if the "dynamics that make religious difference important" are present in other terrorist campaigns, acknowledging the difficulty of the inquiry (126–29). He offers detailed analyses of Lebanon (129–39), Sri Lanka (139–54), the Sikhs in Punjab (154–62), and the Kurdish PKK in Turkey (162–66). His conclusion: "Religion plays a role in suicide terrorism, but mainly in the context of national resistance" and not Islam per se but "the dynamics of religious difference" are what matter (166–67).

Chapter 9: Altruism and Terrorism
Pape presents a Durkheimian analysis of suicide (173–79). "Many acts of suicide terrorism are a murderous form of what Durkheim calls altruistic suicide" (179). Analytical difficulties are acknowledged (180–81). Pape uses suicide rates in general as points of comparison (181–84). Team suicide, which is frequent in suicide terrorism, is an indicator of altruistic suicide, he argues (185–87). Altruistic suicide is a socially constructed phenomenon (187–88): e.g., Hezbollah in Lebanon (188–91), Hamas (191–93), Tamil Tigers (193–95); al-Qaeda (195–96). The altruistic nature of suicide terrorism suggests the number of potential terrorists is large, that suicide terrorism is capable of growing in attractiveness and appeal, and that any attempt at profiling will miss a substantial number of potential suicide terrorists (197–98).

Chapter 10: The Demographic Profile of Suicide Terrorists
"In general, suicide attackers are rarely socially isolated, clinically insane, or economically destitute individuals, but are most often educated, socially integrated, and highly capable people who could be expected to have a good future" (200). Pape discusses problems of data-gathering (201–02). He establishes 462 individuals in his "universe" of suicide terrorists available for analytical purposes (203). Hezbollah suicide bombers in the period 1982–1986 were 71% Communist/Socialist, 21% Islamist, 8% Christian (204–07). In general, suicide terrorists are in their early 20s (207–08). Females are fewer in Islamist groups: "Islamist fundamentalism may actually reduce the number of suicide terrorists by discouraging certain categories of individuals" (208–09). Female suicide terrorists tend to be older than male (209–10). There is no documented mental illness in any case of suicide terrorism, though there are 16 cases of personal trauma (e.g., the loss of a loved one) (210–11). Arab suicide terrorists are in general better educated than average and are from the working or middle classes (211–16). "[T]hey resemble the kind of politically conscious individuals who might join a grassroots movement more than they do wayward adolescents or religious fanatics" (216).

Chapter 11: Portraits of Three Suicide Terrorists
Earlier work has tended to emphasize suicide terrorists' irrationality, but this generalization fit 1980s data better than more recent data (217–20). Pape looks at three individual cases: Mohamed Atta (220–26); Dhanu, a young woman from Jaffna, "the most famous Tamil Tiger suicide bomber" (226–30); and Saeed Hotari, of Hamas (231–34).

Chapter 12: A New Strategy for Victory
Though "we" cannot leave the Middle East altogether, Pape asserts, a "strategy for victory" is available (237–38). U.S. should define victory as the separate objectives of "defeating the current pool of terrorists" and preventing a new generation from arising (238–39). He rejects Frum-Perle view that the root of the problem is in Islam (241–44). "Rather, the taproot is American military policy" (244). The notion that Islamic fundamentalism is bent on world domination is "pure fantasy" (244–45). An attempt by the West to force Muslim societies to transform "is likely to dramatically increase the threat we face" (245). He calls for a policy of "'off-shore' balancing": establishing local alliances while maintaining the capacity for rapid deployment of military forces (247–50).

Appendix I: Suicide Terrorist Campaigns, 1980–2003
Analysis of 18 campaigns.

Appendix II: Occupations by Democratic States, 1980–2003
Fifty-eight occupations by democratic states are listed (265–67).

Appendix III: Salafism in Major Sunni Muslim Majority Countries
Thirty-four countries with Sunni majority populations of 1 m or more and the importance of Salafism in these countries are the subjects of brief commentaries. Salafism is defined as "the belief that society should be organized according to the Quran and Sunna only" (269). Sunni Countries with Salafi-Influenced Populations: Afghanistan (10 m Pashtuns); Algeria (19 m/31m Sunni Muslims); Bangladesh (14 m/114m); Egypt (23 m/62m); Indonesia (26 m/185m); Jordan (2 m/6m); Nigeria (37 m/68m); Oman (2 m/2m); Pakistan (43 m/149m); Saudi Arabia (18 m/18m); Somalia (5 m/10m); Sudan (21 m/21m); Tunisia (5 m/10m); Yemen (8 m/11m) (270–74). Non-Salafi Sunni Countries: Albania, Burkina Faso, Chad, Guinea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Libya, Malaysia, Mali, Mauritania, Morocco, Niger, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Syria, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, United Arab Emirates, Uzbekistan (274–77).

Critiques
In a criticism of Pape's link between occupation and suicide terrorism, an article titled "Design, Inference, and the Strategic Logic of Suicide Terrorism" (published in The American Political Science Review), authors Scott Ashworth, Joshua D. Clinton, Adam Meirowitz, and Kristopher W. Ramsay from Princeton charge Pape with "sampling on the dependent variable" by limiting research only to cases in which suicide terror was used: Pape's analysis has no control group. Appendix II lists 58 occupations by democracies, only 9 of which generated suicide terrorism. An analysis explaining the difference between the 9 with suicide terrorism and the 49 without is lacking.

In response, Pape argues that his research design is sufficient because it collected the universe of known cases of suicide terrorism. In a rejoinder, Ashworth et al. discuss how even large samples of the dependent variable cannot be used to explain variation in outcomes, why suicide terrorism in some places but not others, if the sample does not vary.

In a debate hosted by the Washington Institute, Martin Kramer argued that Pape's thesis was less relevant to Al Qaeda than to Lebanon and Palestine and that there were only 12,000 American troops in Saudi Arabia in 2001 and they had not caused any deaths. In response Pape argued that "The U.S.-led war on terrorism is going badly because it is being waged on a faulty premise. That premise is that suicide terrorism is mainly a product of Islamic fundamentalism."

title: Dying to Win


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Jason Tomlins

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was Delete --Allen3 talk 12:33, August 23, 2005 (UTC)

Jason_Tomlins
Only claim to notability is being the brains behind Fooforums, which has no Alexa ranking. GraemeL 20:51, 17 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete quickly as vanity. Hall Monitor 21:01, 17 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete non-notable vanity article. Take it to the User pages.--Craigkbryant 21:22, 17 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep I'm not famous or notable either but the article is factual and clean and someday someone might try to look me up using Wikipedia just as they might David Bowie. --68.146.219.84 04:14, 18 August 2005 (UTC) Jason Tomlins.
 * Someday when you become notable enough that anybody but your family members or potential girlfriends will want to Google you, then somebody else, not yourself, can write an article on you. Till then, delete.  Zoe 05:20, August 18, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Vanity. Sjakkalle (Check!)  07:16, 18 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. nn, vanity. -- DS1953 15:23, August 18, 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Rolf Kauka

Rolf Kauka (9 April 1917 in Markranstädt, Saxony – 13 September 2000 in Thomasville, Georgia) was a German comic artist, most famous for the series Fix and Foxi.

In 1951, Rolf Kauka founded Kauka Publishing. Aside from Rolf Kauka's original comic characters, Kauka Publishing introduced to German audiences such international series as Asterix and The Smurfs from France and Belgium. Some characters received Germanized names, for instance, Spirou & Fantasio / Pit & Pikkolo, Gaston Lagaffe / Jojo, etc.

In 1973, Kauka sold his publishing house to the English publisher IPC and the Dutch publishing group VNU. He maintained his right of authority, but removed himself from the active publishing world. In 1975, he founded the Kauka Comic Academy in Munich, where he concentrated on the training and continuing education of young writers and illustrators. At the end of the 1970s the publishing consortium was dissolved and Bauer/VPM began publishing Fix & Foxi.

Kauka characters/series outside the Fuxholzen (Fix und Foxi) universe:
 * The Pichelsteiner - prehistoric adventure series
 * Dagobert - an early character by Rolf Kauka
 * Diabolino - an imp character
 * Mischa - adventure series based in the future and in outer space.
 * Tom and Biberherz - Old West adventure series.
 * Peppercorn Family] - the last series created by Rolf Kauka.

Rolf Kauka also directed the animated film Maria d'Oro und Bello Blue, which contains characters created by him.

title: Rolf Kauka


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/OS switcher

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete. the transwiki vote is more or less a joke vote. Sjakkalle (Check!)  10:54, 24 August 2005 (UTC)

OS switcher
Wikipedia is not a dictionary Darrien 20:51, August 17, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Dicdef and neologism. ManoaChild 21:00, 17 August 2005 (UTC)
 * transwiki to my wiki if you please, thanks. Wikinerd 07:34, 18 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. --Tagishsimon (talk) 00:00, 20 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. It has potential. TastemyHouse 05:13, 22 August 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text: Category:1890 disestablishments

title: Category:1890 disestablishments


title: File:Ckvu-joeleary1.jpg


text:
Charlestown, Manchester

Charlestown is a ward in the suburban north of the city of Manchester, England. The population of the ward at the 2011 census was 14,332. Voters from this ward elect three councillors to Manchester City Council.

The Ward lies mostly within the lower part of the suburb of Blackley, with Blackley Golf club acting as the ward boundary. Different parts of this ward are represented by different MPs following boundary changes in 2018; the majority of the ward is part of the Blackley and Broughton constituency but a small portion (in Moston) is part of the Manchester Central constituency.

Councillors
Three councillors serve the ward: Basil Curley (Lab), Hannah Priest (Lab), and Veronica Kirkpatrick (Lab),

indicates seat up for re-election. indicates seat won in by-election.

Elections in 2020s
* denotes incumbent councillor seeking re-election.

title: Charlestown, Manchester


text: User talk:205.240.68.3

title: User talk:205.240.68.3


text:
Coat of arms of Ottawa

The coat of arms of Ottawa was presented to the municipality of Ottawa by Vincent Massey on 20 October 1954.

History
Engraver John Henry Walker designed an original coat of arms for Bytown and later one for the City of Ottawa in the 1850s.

In 1954, the Duke of Norfolk, acting in his capacity as Earl Marshal, issued letters patent granting arms to the city of Ottawa. The city formally declared the use of the arms in force as of 1 January of the following year.

Upon amalgamation of the city of Ottawa with surrounding municipalities in 2001, the new City Council requested that the arms be reissued to the newly formed municipality. In March of that year, the Canadian Heraldic Authority issued a new grant of arms. The new arms are exactly the same as the old.

Symbolism
Crest
 * The white pine is the historical basis of the economic power of the Ottawa Valley, while the small badge on the tree refers to Bytown, the town that later became the city of Ottawa.

Shield
 * The main element of the shield, the wavy blue and white lines, represent the Ottawa River running from left to right with the Rideau and Gatineau rivers represented above and below. A royal crown alludes to Queen Victoria's choice of Ottawa as Canada's capital, while the maple leaf is the national emblem of Canada. At the top of the shield, the arrows and paddle are representative of the first inhabitants of the region, while the astrolabe in the centre alludes to Samuel de Champlain who was first to discover Quebec, today known as part of Canada, and also explore the Ottawa river, and the remaining tools to John By, builder of the Rideau Canal.

Compartment
 * Again referring to the history of the Ottawa Valley.

Supporters
 * The timber trimmer again represents the historical economic strength of the Ottawa Valley, while the officer of the Civil Service Rifle Regiment alludes to Ottawa's place as the centre of government—the civil service—of Canada.

Motto
 * Adapted from the motto of the pre-amalgamation city of Ottawa, "City of Ottawa Advance"

title: Coat of arms of Ottawa


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Qicscript

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was Delete --Allen3 talk 12:31, August 23, 2005 (UTC)

Qicscript
Delete. advertising. "leading" seems exaggerated, it's mostly constrained to Ireland. --IByte 20:53, 17 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, ad, no verifiable notability mentioned. Pavel Vozenilek 22:39, 17 August 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
User talk:Auliya

'''Talk to me! :-)'''

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title: User talk:Auliya


text:
Auguste Burdeau

Auguste-Laurent Burdeau (10 September 1851 – 12 December 1894) was a French politician.

He was the son of a laborer at Lyon. Forced from childhood to earn his own living, he was enabled to secure an education by bursarships at the Lycée at Lyon and at the Lycée Louis-le-Grand in Paris.

In 1870 he was at the École Normale Supérieure in Paris, but enlisted in the army, and was wounded and taken prisoner in 1871 (during the Franco-Prussian War). In 1874 he became professor of philosophy, and translated several works of Herbert Spencer and of Schopenhauer into French. He was author of a moral instruction text book used in Saint-Sauveur-en-Puisaye.

His extraordinary aptitude for work secured for him the position of chef de cabinet under Paul Bert, the minister of education, in 1880s. In 1885 he was elected deputy for the département of the Rhône, and distinguished himself in financial questions. In 1887, he served as rapporteur for the education budget, and he was the general rapporteur for the budget in 1889. He was several times minister, and became minister of finance in the cabinet of Casimir-Perier (from 3 November 1893 to 22 May 1894). On 5 July 1894 he was elected president of the chamber of deputies. He died on 12 December 1894, supposedly worn out with overwork. He considered hard work a fundamental ingredient of civilization.

French policy on Algeria
The budget report presented to the Chamber of Deputies on 4 December 1891 by Auguste Burdeau was one of the major events in French policy discussions on Algeria. During his two-hour speech, he provided a more general analysis of French policy in Algeria. He feared bringing colonial subjects into contact with imperial culture and refused to allow them full participation in that culture. Burdeau's examination of problems of indigenous people within French nation helped to shape French policy on Algeria.

title: Auguste Burdeau


text:
Talk:Punch Bowl Falls

image request
Would be really nice to get a picture for this. Can't find a picture that isn't copywrited useing google. I'm going to put in an image request. --Banana04131 20:54, 17 August 2005 (UTC)
 * It seems there are already two pictures up there, but they aren't displaying properly. When you click on them it gives the error "The image “http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/c/cf/Punch_Bowl_Falls.jpg” cannot be displayed, because it contains errors." --Keithg 02:24, 5 January 2007 (UTC)

 * Both display fine for me, both as thumbnail and full size. I opened the first one with Photoshop:  no problems, no complaints.  —EncMstr 03:46, 5 January 2007 (UTC)

Classification of waterfalls
Do we have a page for the classification of waterfalls? ie. What's Class Three mean? EvilCouch 07:01, 15 November 2006 (UTC)

 * Good question. Some of the original text of this article was copied-and-pasted from the waterfallsnorthwest.com site, so it's probably their rating system that was used. Katr67 12:43, 15 November 2006 (UTC)

 * That makes sense. Any idea if anyone else uses the same rating scheme that we could generate a section in waterfall or if this is an orphaned concept that would be better removed? EvilCouch 13:59, 15 November 2006 (UTC)

 * According to this, the "BWR" looks like a fairly recent system made up by one person and not yet published. I'd say leave it out. Looking over a variety of other waterfall articles doesn't reveal any other usable rating system. Instead, I'd suggest adding an infobox: Template:Infobox Waterfall. Katr67 14:51, 15 November 2006 (UTC)

 * Works for me. I pulled the reference from the article. EvilCouch 06:01, 16 November 2006 (UTC)

title: Talk:Punch Bowl Falls


text:
The Imperials

The Imperials are an American Christian music group that has been active for over 55 years. Originating as a southern gospel quartet, the innovative group would become pioneers of contemporary Christian music in the 1960s. There have been many changes for the band in membership and musical styles over the years. They would go on to win four Grammys, 15 Dove Awards and be inducted into the Gospel Music Hall of Fame.

Jake Hess and the Imperials
The band had its genesis when long-time Statesmen Quartet member Jake Hess retired from that group on December 7, 1963. Hess wanted to start a new group recognized as "king" of the Southern gospel field and thought the "Imperials" would be a good moniker. After getting the go-ahead from Marion Snider for permission to use the name (Snider had previously operated an Imperial Quartet named after its sponsor Imperial Sugar), he gathered together pianist Henry Slaughter from the Weatherford Quartet, ex-Oak Ridge Boys baritone Gary McSpadden, the Weatherford Quartet's bass singer Armond Morales and Speer Family tenor Sherrill (Shaun) Neilsen to join him. After signing with Benson Records in 1964, the group recorded their first of many albums on the Heart Warming Records label. The following year, the quartet organization moved from Atlanta to Nashville, Tennessee. After two years with the group, tenor Nielsen was first to go and Jim Murray would replace him. Murray's past included stints with The Melodares, the Stamps Trio, Inspirationals, and Orrell Quartet. About this time, Slaughter also departed with Joe Moscheo of the Harmoneers replacing him at the keyboard.

The Elvis years
In late 1966, Henry Slaughter left the group and Hess assembled a new, more contemporary band to accompany the quartet. Joe Moscheo on piano, Larry Benson on drums, keyboard, bass, and miscellaneous other instruments along with Dave Mathis on electric guitar formed this new sound behind the group. Ron Hamm replaced Mathis on guitar within a few months. In late mid-1967, Hess began having heart issues and by the end of the year left the road, under doctor's orders, turning the reins of the group over to Morales, Moscheo, and Murray. McSpadden chose to leave around this time in 1967 also. With new members Roger Wiles (from family group the Melodaires) and former Stamps Quartet member, Terry Blackwood, the group became known as The Imperials (rather than "Jake Hess and the Imperials") and adopted a more contemporary sound on the 1967 album New Dimensions. It also brought them their first of many awards: "Male Quartet of the Year" in 1969 from the Gospel Music Association.

Elvis Presley had long harbored a love for gospel and Jake Hess in particular. The group recorded with Elvis in sessions from May 1966 to June 1971. This included his last two Grammy Award-producing albums: How Great Thou Art (which won a Grammy for the title song and featured a duet with Hess on the classic Statesmen song "If the Lord Wasn't Walking by My Side") and He Touched Me (which used many of the songs that The Imperials had recorded on their own albums and, again, won a Grammy for the title song). In 1969, Elvis hired the group to perform in concert with him after the Jordanaires had turned down Elvis' invitation to play Las Vegas and tour because, as studio singers, they did not feel they could afford to be away from Nashville that much. At the same time, the Imperials appeared with Jimmy Dean, live and on his television show. Larry Gatlin auditioned for the group in the fall of 1970, then got the call to sing with them in early 1971 backing Jimmy Dean in Las Vegas. However, his tenure with the group would last for less than a month. With the help of Dottie West, he and his wife moved to Nashville to begin a career in country music. He was replaced by Greg Gordon. In November 1971, because of scheduling conflicts, they decided to stop performing with Elvis. The following year the group quit performing in concert with Jimmy Dean.

From pioneers to headliners in CCM
The Imperials surprised gospel music fans in February 1972 by hiring Sherman Andrus, a former member of Andrae Crouch and the Disciples to replace Greg Gordon. This made them the first interracial Christian group America had ever seen, which Andrus jokingly referred as: "to boldly go where no black man had gone before". The lineup of the group stayed stable with Andrus and Terry Blackwood sharing lead vocals through 1976 when Joe Moscheo left just after the recording of Follow the Man with the Music. The following year, the pair themselves left to form contemporary Christian music act Andrus, Blackwood & Company.

In early 1976, the group hired baritone David Will, (who sang lead for the Keystone Quartet and the Statesmen, and would stay on for 23 years with the Imperials) and soulful belter Russ Taff as their new lead vocalist. The Taff-led outfit is heard on the albums Sail On, Imperials Live, Heed the Call, One More Song for You, Christmas with The Imperials, and Priority. It was during this era that the group found their biggest success, both with awards and on the charts. Also in this group were Jim Murray and Armond Morales.

After Taff
After five years with the group, Taff left for a solo career. Paul Smith, who while promoting an Imperials concert at Baylor University (while he was a student there), gave Armond Morales a tape of his music. When Morales knew that Taff was leaving, he called Smith. Paul is first heard on 1982's Stand by the Power. During Smith's time with the group came another first, a 2-disc album with each member taking a solo side (Side by Side), which gave them their last Dove Award. Then a return to four-part harmony singing (The Imperials Sing the Classics) before returning to their Christian pop sound on 1985's Let the Wind Blow.

The group saw its biggest turnover since Blackwood and Andrus' departure when both Smith and long-time tenor Jim Murray left the group. Smith opted for a solo CCM career while Murray sought to perform more traditionally styled gospel music again. Danny Ward replaced Smith, but he left before recording an album with the band. In the end, Jimmie Lee Sloas and Ron Hemby were the new members bringing an infusion of youth into the group. Hemby was later a member of the country band The Buffalo Club.

The Imperials stirred up controversy and lost some of their long-time fans when they exchanged their usually soft pop-rock sound for a more rock sound with prominent electric guitars for the 1987 album This Year's Model. The song "Power of God" became a theme song for Christian bodybuilders The Power Team and new younger fans began to come to Imperials concerts. The album Free the Fire reverted a bit towards the soft pop sound and after its recording, Sloas became the next Imperial to seek a solo career. David Robertson replaced him but following 1990's Love's Still Changing Hearts, he opted to go solo with Jason Beddoe and Jonathan Hildreth (later known as Jonathan Pierce) joining the ranks. As the story goes, Naomi Judd heard Jonathan sing a solo while he was a member of the Christ Church Choir in Nashville. She then told a member of The Imperials.

In 1991, The Imperials would surprise fans again by bringing in Armond's sister Pam Morales to the lineup. Although she appeared with The Imperials in the early 80s as a backup singer, this would be the first time a female was a front member of the quartet. Longtime member Armond Morales decided to bring her in when Beddoe left the group while in the midst of recording for Big God. She remained in the lineup through 1993's Stir It Up.

A new focus on ministry
1993 saw the group change and go in a different direction. What once was strictly a set contract agreement to most performances, the Imperials began to re-establish themselves by scaling down their act, opting for simple accompaniment and more intimate church performances in place of stadium and large concerts—ministering in local churches for free-will offerings only. The Imperials that year performed in over 200 churches, more dates than the previous two years, this they achieved with Brian Comeaux singing lead and a succession of tenors, including Mark Addock, Peter Pankratz and Bill Morris, singing at selected dates. No albums were recorded during this time.

In 1994, they returned with new members Steven Ferguson and Jeff Walker, both of whom were ordained ministers—as were Armond and Will by this time. They signed a one-project deal with the familiar Impact Records, which had been re-acquired by Homeland Records and Landmark Distribution. After a three-year recording hiatus, the release of Til He Comes marked the change back to a four-part harmony sound—losing the hard edge of previous albums and helping restore their original fans to the fold.

In 1998, The Imperials were inducted into the Gospel Music Association's Gospel Music Hall of Fame. All five original members, Hess, Morales, McSpadden, Sherrill, and Slaughter; as well as Blackwood, Andrus, Moscheo, Murray, and Taff were there to accept the induction.

In 2003, the five members of the Imperials that toured with Elvis (Murray, Blackwood, Wiles, Morales, and Moscheo) reunited for a 25th Anniversary, Elvis Lives concert and DVD recording, in Memphis, Tennessee.

The next generation
In September 2004, Armond Morales transferred ownership of The Imperials to the lineup at the time: son Jason Morales, Jeremie Hudson, Ian Owens, and Shannon Smith. This version of the group released two albums on Lamon Records, The Imperials (2006) and Back to the Roots (2007), which is a collection of new versions of classic Imperials songs, and brought the group's first top 20 song in more than 15 years. The Hudson-Smith-Morales-Owens lineup of the group also performed at Carnegie Hall (the first time the Imperials ever appeared at that venue).

In 2008, the Imperials were inducted into the Christian Music Hall of Fame. Taff was inducted for his contributions separately but performed with the Imperials and made the acceptance with them for the broadcast. In April 2008, The Imperials received the Southern Gospel News Awards' Album of the Year award for Back to the Roots. In early 2010, the Imperials, consisting of Jason Morales, Ian Owens, Scott Allen, and Perry Jones, disbanded.

Classics return as The Imperials
Returning from a restless retirement and a short-lived legal scrimmage for control of the "Imperials" name, Armond Morales, along with Imperials alumni Smith and Will, joined Robbie Hiner and Rick Evans – the group's GM and lead singer – to continue the legacy of The Imperials. Morales – the only still-performing original member – along with the rest of the reunited foursome, released Still Standing in 2010, their first project with Smith in 25 years.

Accomplishments

 * First Dove Award winner for male group of the year (1969)
 * First gospel group to perform live on The Grammy Awards.
 * First Dove Award winner for Artist of the Year (1981)
 * First group to have a No. 1 song ("Oh Buddha") on all three of the following charts: Contemporary, Inspirational, Southern Gospel
 * First Christian group to use four individual microphones on stage
 * First Christian group to use cordless microphones
 * First Christian group to use a live band on stage
 * Recorded the theme song for the Daniel Boone television series (third version)
 * Only Christian group to have a No. 1 song charting in four consecutive decades (1960s–1990s)

Current Members

 * Paul Smith - lead vocals, tenor (1981-1985, 2010-2017, 2019-present)
 * Ron Hemby - tenor, lead vocals (1986-1990, 2021-present)
 * Rick Evans - lead vocals (2010-present)
 * Rod Fletcher - bass vocals (2022-present)

Former Members

 * Jake Hess - lead vocals (1964-1967; died 2004)
 * Sherrill Nielsen - tenor (1964-1965; died 2010)
 * Gary McSpadden - baritone (1964-1967; died 2020)
 * Armond Morales - bass vocals (1964-2003, 2010-2018; died 2022)
 * Henry Slaughter - piano (1964-1966; died 2020)
 * Jim Murray - tenor (1966-1986)
 * Joe Moscheo - piano, occasional vocals (1966-1975; died 2016)
 * Terry Blackwood - lead vocals, baritone (1967-1976)
 * Roger Wiles - baritone (1967-1970)
 * Larry Gatlin - baritone, lead vocals (1971)
 * Greg Gordon - baritone (1971-1972)
 * Sherman Andrus - baritone, lead vocals (1972-1976)
 * David Will - baritone, lead vocals (1976-1999, 2010-2017; died 2022)
 * Russ Taff - lead vocals (1976-1981)
 * Danny Ward - lead vocals (1985-1986)
 * Jimmie Lee Sloas - tenor (1986-1989)
 * David Robertson - lead vocals, tenor (1989-1990)
 * Jason Beddoe - tenor, lead vocals (1990)
 * Jonathan Pierce Hildreh - lead vocals, tenor (1990-1993; died 2020)
 * Pam Morales-Dietz - alto, lead vocals (1990-1993; died 2005)
 * Mark Addock - tenor (1993)
 * Brian Comeaux - lead vocals (1993)
 * Peter Pankratz - tenor (1993)
 * Bill Morris - tenor (1993)
 * Steven Ferguson - tenor (1994-199
 * Jeff Walker - lead vocals (1994-1996)
 * Steve Shapiro - lead vocals (1996-1998)
 * Barry Weeks - lead vocals (1998-1999)
 * Jeremie Hudson - tenor (1999-2008)
 * Jason Hallcox - lead vocals (1999-2000)
 * Jason Morales - baritone (1999-2010)
 * Richie Crook - lead vocals (2000-2002)
 * Shannon Smith - lead vocals (2002-2003)
 * Ian Owens - bass vocals (2003-2010)
 * Scott Allen - lead vocals (2008-2010)
 * Perry Jones - tenor (2008-2010)
 * Robbie Hiner - tenor (2018)
 * Lonnie Ott - baritone (2018-2022)
 * Michael Schlee - bass vocals (2019-2021)

Related splinter groups

 * The Classic Imperials (2006-2010)
 * Rick Evans - lead vocals
 * Armond Morales - bass vocals
 * Robbie Hiner - tenor
 * David Will - baritone

In memoriam

 * Jake Hess: December 24, 1927 – January 4, 2004
 * Pam Morales-Dietz: (d) August 27, 2005
 * Sherrill "Shaun" Nielsen: September 10, 1942 – December 10, 2010
 * Joe Moscheo: August 11, 1937 – January 11, 2016
 * Gary McSpadden: January 26, 1943 – April 15, 2020
 * Jonathan Pierce Hildreth: October 15, 1967 – May 9, 2020
 * Henry Slaughter: January 9, 1927 – November 13, 2020
 * David Will: October 22, 1943 – March 4, 2022
 * Armond Morales: February 25, 1932 – December 5, 2022

title: The Imperials


text:
Shooting at the 2004 Summer Olympics – Men's 25 metre rapid fire pistol

The men's ISSF 25 meter rapid fire pistol competition at the 2004 Summer Olympics was held on 21 August at the Markopoulo Olympic Shooting Centre near Athens, Greece. This was the last Olympic competition before the major rule changes that took place on 1 January 2005, and which lowered the results of the event. There were 17 competitors from 14 nations.

Germany's world number one shooter Ralf Schumann produced the highest final round ever with 102.9 to easily get the best aggregate score of 694.9 and his third Olympic gold medal in rapid fire pistol shooting, becoming the first in the event's history to do so. Russia's Sergei Polyakov took the silver with 692.7, while he enjoyed his countryman and defending Olympic champion Sergei Alifirenko (692.3) rounding out the podium with a bronze in a remarkable 2–3 finish. Earlier in the prelims, the top three were all tied for the first seed at 592 points.

Schumann's third win was Germany's fourth victory in the event (Cornelius van Oyen had won in 1936), most of any nation even not counting East Germany's one win in 1976. Indeed, Schumann personally matched the success of the next-best nation, the United States, at three golds and a silver. Alifirenko was the 11th man to win multiple medals in the event.

Background
This was the 22nd appearance of what had been standardised in 1948 as the men's ISSF 25 meter rapid fire pistol event, the only event on the 2020 programme that traces back to 1896. The event has been held at every Summer Olympics except 1904 and 1928 (when no shooting events were held) and 1908; it was nominally open to women from 1968 to 1980, although very few women participated these years. The first five events were quite different, with some level of consistency finally beginning with the 1932 event—which, though it had differences from the 1924 competition, was roughly similar. The 1936 competition followed the 1932 one quite closely. The post-World War II event substantially altered the competition once again. The 1984 Games introduced women's-only shooting events, including the ISSF 25 meter pistol (though this is more similar to the non-Olympic men's ISSF 25 meter center-fire pistol than the rapid fire pistol).

Five of the eight finalists from 2000 returned: gold medalist Sergei Alifirenko of Russia, bronze medalist Iulian Raicea of Romania, fourth-place finisher Emil Milev of Bulgaria, fifth-place finisher (and 1992 and 1996 gold and 1988 silver medalist) Ralf Schumann of Germany, and eighth-place finisher (and 1988 gold and 1992 silver medalist) Afanasijs Kuzmins of Latvia. Schumann had finished second at the 2002 world championships to his countryman Marco Spangenberg, but was still favored in Athens.

For the second time, no nation made its debut in the event. Hungary made its 16th appearance, most of any nation competing in Athens but 2 appearances fewer than the United States (missing the event for the first time since the 1980 boycott).

Qualification
Each National Olympic Committee (NOC) could enter up to two shooters if the NOC earned enough quota sports or had enough crossover-qualified shooters. To compete, a shooter needed a quota spot and to achieve a Minimum Qualification Score (MQS). Once a shooter was using a quota spot in any shooting event, they could enter any other shooting event for which they had achieved the MQS as well (a crossover qualification). There were 16 quota spots available for the rapid fire pistol: 4 at the 2002 World Cup events, 2 at the 2002 World Championship, 4 at the 2003 World Cup events, 2 at the 2003 European Championships, 1 each at the 2003 Pan American Games, 2003 Oceania Championships, and 2004 Asian Championships, and 1 wild card (which went to Romania's Iulian Raicea, the 2000 bronze medalist). In 2004, one crossover qualification was used in the rapid fire pistol: Kim Hyon-ung of North Korea had qualified and used a quota spot in the 50 metre pistol and also achieved the rapid fire pistol MQS; he competed in both events.

Competition format
The competition format continued to use the two-round (qualifying round and final) format, as in 1988 and since 1996.

The qualifying round from 1988 onward was essentially the same as the full competition format from 1948–1984. Each shooter fired 60 shots. These were done in two courses of 30; each course consisted of two stages of 15; each stage consisted of three series of 5. In each stage, the time limit for each series was 8 seconds for the first, 6 seconds for the second, and 4 seconds for the third.

The 1988 tournament had added a two-series final for the top eight shooters; the 1992 competition broke that down to a four-series semifinal for the top eight and two-series final for the top four. In 1996 and 2000, the top eight once again advanced to the final. The 2004 version reduced the number of finalists to six.

In the final, each shooter fired two five-shot series at 4 seconds. Scoring in the final was to 1/10 of a point, with each shot worth up to 10.9 points (for a final round maximum of 109, and total maximum of 709).

The 1992 competition had introduced round targets rather than the silhouettes used from 1948 to 1988 as well as many pre-World War II versions of the event. Score, rather than hits, had been used as the primary ranking method since 1960.

Records
Prior to this competition, the existing world and Olympic records were as follows.


text:
Vassar Clements

Vassar Carlton Clements (April 25, 1928 – August 16, 2005 ) was an American jazz, swing, and bluegrass fiddler. Clements has been dubbed the Father of Hillbilly Jazz, an improvisational style that blends and borrows from swing, hot jazz, and bluegrass along with roots also in country and other musical traditions. He was posthumously inducted into the International Bluegrass Music Hall of Fame in 2018.

Biography
Clements was born in Kinard, Florida and grew up in Kissimmee. He taught himself to play the fiddle at age 7, learning "There's an Old Spinning Wheel in the Parlor" as his first song. Soon, he joined with two first cousins, Red and Gerald, to form a local string band. In his early teens Clements met Bill Monroe and the Blue Grass Boys when they came to Florida to visit Clements' stepfather, a friend of fiddler Chubby Wise. Clements was impressed with his playing.

In late 1949, Wise left Monroe's group, and the 21 year-old Clements traveled by bus to ask for an audition. When told he would have to return the next day, Clements was crestfallen, lacking the money for either a hotel room or return bus trip. Monroe gave him some money to a night's lodging, and the next day Clements auditioned and was hired. He remained with Monroe for seven years, recording with the band in 1950 and 1951.

Between 1957 and 1962, he was a member of the bluegrass band Jim and Jesse & the Virginia Boys. He also gained recognition joining with the popular bluegrass duo of Flatt and Scruggs on the popular theme to the hit television sitcom The Beverly Hillbillies. Earl Scruggs' path-breaking banjo style had premiered with Bill Monroe in the late 1940s, and thereafter gained widespread renown with Lester Flatt and the Foggy Mountain Boys.

By the mid-1960s, however, his struggles with alcohol left him making his living in blue-collar trades, being employed briefly at the Kennedy Space Center in Florida as a plumber, in a Georgia paper mill, and as switchman for Atlantic Coast Line Railroad. He even sold insurance and once operated a convenience store while owning a potato chip franchise in Huntsville, Alabama. Sobering up, he returned to Nashville in 1967, where he became a much sought-after studio musician.

After a brief touring stint with Faron Young he joined John Hartford's Dobrolic Plectral Society in 1971, when he met guitarist Norman Blake and Dobro player Tut Taylor, and recorded Aereo-Plain, a widely acclaimed "newgrass" album that helped broaden the bluegrass market and sound. After less than a year he joined up with Earl Scruggs.

His 1972 work with the Nitty Gritty Dirt Band on their album Will the Circle be Unbroken earned even wider acclaim, and he later worked on the Grateful Dead's Wake of the Flood and Jimmy Buffett's A White Sport Coat and a Pink Crustacean. Within the next two years, Clements would cut his first solo album.

In 1973, he joined and toured with the bluegrass supergroup Old & In the Way with Jerry Garcia, David Grisman, Peter Rowan, and John Kahn; their self-titled live album Old & In the Way was released in 1975. In 1974 he lent his talents to Highway Call, a solo album by former Allman Brothers Band guitarist Dickey Betts. He was considered by many to be an outstanding fiddle virtuoso and he described his talent saying, "It was God's gift, something born in me. I was too dumb to learn it any other way. I listened to the Grand Ole Opry some. I'd pick it up one note at a time. I was young, with plenty of time and I didn't give up. You'd come home from school, do your lessons and that's it. No other distractions. I don't read music. I play what I hear."

In his 50-year career he played with artists ranging from Woody Herman and the Nitty Gritty Dirt Band to the Grateful Dead, Linda Ronstadt, and Paul McCartney, and earned at least five Grammy Award nominations and numerous professional accolades. He once recorded with the pop group the Monkees by happenstance, when he stayed behind after an earlier recording session. He also appeared in Robert Altman's 1975 film Nashville and Alan Rudolph's 1976 film, Welcome to L.A.. He made a duet album with Stéphane Grappelli Together at Last in 1987.

In 2004, he performed in concert with jazz quartet Third Stream – in which a video documentary of the concert was done with Jim Easton (guitar), Tom Strohman (sax), Jim Miller (bass), and John Peifer (drums).

Though he played numerous instruments, Clements indicated that he chose the fiddle over guitar recalling that, "I picked up a guitar and fiddle and tried them both out. The guitar was pretty easy, but I couldn't get nothing out of the fiddle. So every time I'd see those instruments sitting side by side, I'd grab that fiddle."

Big band and swing music were considerable influences upon his style and musical development, and he said that, "Bands like Glenn Miller, Les Brown, Tommy Dorsey, Harry James and Artie Shaw were very popular when I was a kid. I always loved rhythm, so I guess in the back of my mind the swing and jazz subconsciously comes out when I play, because when I was learning I was always trying to emulate the big-band sounds I heard on my fiddle."

Vassar Clements played on over 200 albums, including nearly 40 on which he starred or was featured. His albums often featured newgrass style music and what Clements called "Hillbilly Jazz". His last album, Livin' With the Blues, released in 2004, was his only blues recording; it featured guest appearances by Elvin Bishop, Norton Buffalo, Maria Muldaur, and others.

His 2005 Grammy Award for Best Country Instrumental Performance was for "Earl's Breakdown," by the Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, and featured Clements, Earl Scruggs, Randy Scruggs, and Jerry Douglas.

Clements, whose last performance was February 4, 2005 in Jamestown, New York, died on August 16, 2005, aged 77, of lung cancer.

Discography

 * Southern Country Waltzes Rural Rhythm Records (1970)
 * Vassar Mercury Records (1975)
 * Superbow Mercury Records
 * Crossing the Catskills (1973) Rounder Records
 * Vassar Clements, John Hartford, Dave Holland (1988) Rounder Records
 * Vassar Clements MCA Records
 * The Bluegrass Session Flying Records
 * Grass Routes Rounder Records
 * Saturday Night Shuffle – A Celebration of Merle Travis Shanachie Records
 * Hillbilly Jazz Flying Fish Records
 * Hillbilly Jazz Rides Again (1986) Flying Fish Records
 * New Hillbilly Jazz Shikata Records
 * Together at Last (Stephane Grappelli & Vassar Clements) Flying Fish Records
 * Nashville Jam Flying Fish Records
 * Westport Drive Mind Dust Records
 * The Man, The Legend Vassillie Productions
 * Country Classics Vassillie Productions
 * Vassar Clements Reunion with Dixie Gentlemen Old Homestead
 * Once in a While (Jam with Miles Davis' ex-band members) Flying Fish Records
 * Live in Telluride (1979) Vassillie Productions
 * Music City USA Vassillie Productions
 * Old & In the Way (1975) Rounder Records
 * That High Lonesome Sound (1996) Acoustic Disc
 * Breakdown (1997) Acoustic Disc
 * Live at the Boarding House (2008) Acoustic Disc
 * Live at the Boarding House: The Complete Shows (2013) Acoustic Disc
 * The Bluegrass Sessions: Tales from the Acoustic Planet, Vol. 2 (with Béla Fleck) (1999) Warner Bros. Records
 * An Americana Christmas (with Norman Blake) Winter Harvest
 * The Bottom Line Encore Collection
 * Vassar's Jazz (Golden Anniversary) Winter Harvest
 * Back Porch Swing Chrome Records
 * Dead Grass Cedar Glen Music Group
 * 20 Fiddle Tunes & Waltz Favorites
 * Full Circle OMS Records
 * Will the Circle be Unbroken (1972) Capitol Records
 * Will the Circle Be Unbroken: Volume Two (1989) Capitol Records
 * Will the Circle Be Unbroken, Volume III (2002) Capitol Records
 * Old & In the Gray (2002) Acoustic Disc
 * Runaway Fiddle – Buddy Spicher and Vassar Clements OMS Records
 * Livin' with the Blues Acoustic Disc
 * We Are All One – Michael Falzarano (2008) Woodstock Records
 * I Got Blues for Ya – Michael Falzarano (2014) Hypnotation Records
 * Vassar – Vassar Clements Band (1980) Flying Fish Records

title: Vassar Clements


text: User talk:69.158.0.184

title: User talk:69.158.0.184


text:
User talk:BillCook

Nomination of Red Amick for deletion
A discussion is taking place as to whether the article Red Amick is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or whether it should be deleted.

The article will be discussed at Articles for deletion/Red Amick until a consensus is reached, and anyone, including you, is welcome to contribute to the discussion. The nomination will explain the policies and guidelines which are of concern. The discussion focuses on high-quality evidence and our policies and guidelines.

Users may edit the article during the discussion, including to improve the article to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion notice from the top of the article. 4meter4 (talk) 14:45, 12 June 2021 (UTC)

title: User talk:BillCook


text:
User talk:Tuomi~enwiki

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! D. J. Bracey (talk) 20:56, 17 August 2005 (UTC)
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title: User talk:Tuomi~enwiki


text:
Barometer question

The barometer question is an example of an incorrectly designed examination question demonstrating functional fixedness that causes a moral dilemma for the examiner. In its classic form, popularized by American test designer professor Alexander Calandra in the 1960s, the question asked the student to "show how it is possible to determine the height of a tall building with the aid of a barometer." The examiner was confident that there was one, and only one, correct answer, which is found by measuring the difference in pressure at the top and bottom of the building and solving for height. Contrary to the examiner's expectations, the student responded with a series of completely different answers. These answers were also correct, yet none of them proved the student's competence in the specific academic field being tested.

The barometer question achieved the status of an urban legend; according to an internet meme, the question was asked at the University of Copenhagen and the student was Niels Bohr. The Kaplan, Inc. ACT preparation textbook describes it as an "MIT legend", and an early form is found in a 1958 American humor book. However, Calandra presented the incident as a real-life, first-person experience that occurred during the Sputnik crisis. Calandra's essay, "Angels on a Pin", was published in 1959 in Pride, a magazine of the American College Public Relations Association. It was reprinted in Current Science in 1964, in Saturday Review in 1968 and included in the 1969 edition of Calandra's The Teaching of Elementary Science and Mathematics. Calandra's essay became a subject of academic discussion. It was frequently reprinted since 1970, making its way into books on subjects ranging from teaching, writing skills, workplace counseling and investment in real estate to chemical industry, computer programming and integrated circuit design.

Calandra's account
A colleague of Calandra posed the barometer question to a student, expecting the correct answer: "the height of the building can be estimated in proportion to the difference between the barometer readings at the bottom and at the top of the building". The student provided a different, and also correct answer: "Take the barometer to the top of the building. Attach a long rope to it, lower the barometer to the street, then bring it up, measuring the length of the rope. The length of the rope is the height of the building."

The examiner and Calandra, who was called to advise on the case, faced a moral dilemma. According to the format of the exam, a correct answer deserved a full credit. But issuing a full credit would have violated academic standards by rewarding a student who had not demonstrated competence in the academic field that had been tested (physics). Neither of two available options (pass or fail) was morally acceptable.

By mutual agreement with the student and the examiner, Calandra gave the student another opportunity to answer, warning the student the answer would require demonstrating some knowledge of physics. The student came up with several possible answers, but settled on dropping the barometer from the top of the building, timing its fall, and using the equation of motion $$d = \tfrac12 {a}t^2$$ to derive the height. The examiner agreed that this satisfied the requirement and gave the student “almost full credit”.

When Calandra asked about the other answers, the student gave the examples:

 * using the proportion between the lengths of the building's shadow and that of the barometer to calculate the building's height from the height of the barometer
 * using the barometer as a measuring rod to mark off its height on the wall while climbing the stairs, then counting the number of marks
 * suspending the barometer from a string to create a pendulum, then using the pendulum to measure the strength of Earth's gravity at the top and bottom of the building, and calculating the height of the building from the difference in the two measurements (see Newton's law of universal gravitation)

There were, the student said, many other possible solutions.

"“Probably the best,” he said, is to take the barometer to the basement and knock on the superintendent’s door. When the superintendent answers, you speak to him as follows: ‘Mr. Superintendent, here I have a fine barometer, if you will tell me the height of the building, I will give you this barometer.”"

The student admitted that he knew the expected “conventional” answer, but was fed up with the professor's "teaching him how to think ... rather than teaching him the structure of the subject."

Internet meme
According to Snopes.com, more recent (1999 and 1988) versions identify the problem as a question in "a physics degree exam at the University of Copenhagen" and the student was Niels Bohr, and includes the following answers:

 * Tying a piece of string to the barometer, lowering the barometer from the roof to the ground, and measuring the length of the string and barometer.
 * Dropping the barometer off the roof, measuring the time it takes to hit the ground, and calculating the building's height assuming constant acceleration under gravity.
 * When the sun is shining, standing the barometer up, measuring the height of the barometer and the lengths of the shadows of both barometer and building, and finding the building's height using similar triangles.
 * Tying a piece of string to the barometer, and swinging it like a pendulum both on the ground and on the roof, and from the known pendulum length and swing period, calculate the gravitational field for the two cases. Use Newton's law of gravitation to calculate the radial altitude of both the ground and the roof.  The difference will be the height of the building.
 * Tying a piece of string to the barometer, which is as long as the height of the building, and swinging it like a pendulum, and from the swing period, calculate the pendulum length.
 * Marking off the number of barometer lengths vertically along the emergency staircase, and multiplying this with the length of the barometer.
 * Trading the barometer for the correct information with the building's janitor or superintendent.
 * Measuring the pressure difference between ground and roof and calculating the height difference (the expected answer).

Interpretations
Professor of physics Mark Silverman used what he called "The Barometer-Story formula" precisely for explaining the subject of pressure and recommended it to physics teachers. Silverman called Calandra's story "a delightful essay that I habitually read to my class whenever we study fluids ... the essay is short, hilarious and satisfying (at least to me and my class)."

Financial advisor Robert G. Allen presented Calandra's essay to illustrate the process and role of creativity in finance. "Creativity is born when you have a problem to solve. And as you can see from this story ["Angels on a Pin"] there are many ways of solving a problem. Creativity is the art of looking for solutions that are out of the ordinary, different, unorthodox."

O'Meara used the barometer question to illustrate the art of steering students' activities to a desired outcome: "if the question is not aligned [with the desired learning outcome] then the problem becomes an exercise of problem solving for its own value." The teacher can steer the students either through careful design of the questions (this rules out barometer questions), or through guiding the students to the desired choices. In case of the original barometer question, the examiner may explicitly say that the problem has more than one solution, insist on applying the laws of physics, or give them the "ending point" of the solution: "How did I discover that the building was 410 feet in height with only a barometer?"

Herson used the Calandra account as an illustration of the difference between academic tests and assessment in education. Tests, even the ones designed for reliability and validity, are useful, but they are not sufficient in real-world education.

Sanders interpreted Calandra's story as a conflict between perfection and optimal solutions: "We struggle to determine a 'best' answer, when a simple call to a building superintendent (the resource man) would quickly provide adequate information."

title: Barometer question


text:
Talk:Syed Ibne Hasan Nonaharvi

Speedy deletion?
Just because the person isn't English shouldn't be criteria for speedy deletion. I'd say it's a possible WP:VfD for non-notability, however. KeithD (talk)
 * Have moved it to VfD. KeithD (talk) 21:08, 17 August 2005 (UTC)

Cleanup
I'm doing cleanup of the article. meanwhile, editors are free to contribute but if their changes are removed in process please bear with me.-- Fz t c s 07:11, 9 July 2020 (UTC)
 * First, I'm focusing on format, wordings & grammar
 * Then, I'll try to get sources and cleanup based on that.
 * ✅, For now I'm done with the cleanup.-- Fz t c s 12:52, 12 July 2020 (UTC)

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the. —Community Tech bot (talk) 07:07, 15 January 2022 (UTC)
 * Syed Ibne Hasan Nonaharvi.jpg

title: Talk:Syed Ibne Hasan Nonaharvi


text:
User talk:Ruy Lopez/NPOV and categories

Ruy, it would be helpful and interesting if you could give some examples of your (or others') difficulties in getting NPOV information into Wikipedia. --Bobbyrullo 20:57, 17 August 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Ruy Lopez/NPOV and categories


text:
User talk:EricSchwarz

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! D. J. Bracey (talk) 20:57, 17 August 2005 (UTC)
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Happy editing, D. J. Bracey (talk) 20:57, 17 August 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:EricSchwarz


text:
1915 Manitoba general election

The 1915 Manitoba general election was held August 6, 1915 to elect members of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Manitoba, Canada. The Liberals under Norris won a landslide majority with 40 seats, replacing the Conservative government that had ruled the province since 1899.

This election was held only one year after the previous general election of 1914. In that election, the governing Conservatives of premier Rodmond Roblin were confirmed in office with 28 seats out of 49. In early 1915, however, the Roblin administration was forced to resign from office after a commission appointed by the Lieutenant Governor found the government guilty of corruption in the tending of contracts for new legislative buildings.

Roblin denied the charges, but resigned as premier on May 12. Three days later, opposition Liberal leader Tobias Norris was called upon to form a new administration. The house was quickly adjourned, and new elections were scheduled for August.

The primary issue of the campaign was corruption. The pro-Liberal Manitoba Free Press ran numerous articles criticizing the practices of the Roblin government, and alleging that the "Roblin machine" still controlled the Conservative Party. The Liberals claimed they would manage the province's affairs in a businesslike rather than a partisan manner, an approach typified by Provincial Treasurer Edward Brown call for the province to "forget party for five years and get down to business".

Women's suffrage and temperance were also important issues. The Liberal Party promised to introduce voting rights for women, and to hold a provincial referendum on temperance. The party's platform also promised direct legislation and plebiscites on other issues.

Faced with mounting unpopularity in the wake of the corruption scandal, the Conservatives chose federal Member of Parliament (MP) James Albert Manning Aikins as their new leader on July 15. Aikins had never served in the Roblin government, and was regarded by many as free from the controversy that had taken the Conservatives from office. In a further effort to separate themselves from the Roblin government, the Conservatives referred to themselves as the "Independent-Liberal-Conservative" party for this election. The Liberals ridiculed this name change, and sarcastically described the "new" Conservatives as the "Purity Party".

The election results were a disaster for the Conservatives. The party won only five seats out of 47, and Aikins lost by a considerable margin in Brandon City. The Liberals under Norris won a landslide majority with 40 seats, the largest victory in Manitoba history, although with barely more than half the vote.

In the Winnipeg Centre district, Fred Dixon was re-elected as an independent candidate with support from both Liberals and the Labour Representation Committee.

The Social Democratic Party also won its first ever seat in the province, taking one of the two seats in north-end Winnipeg.

This election (like the previous one in 1914) used two-member districts in Winnipeg, with each seat being filled in separate contests.

Manitoba's francophone constituencies rejected the provincial trend, and continued to support candidates of the Conservative party (four of the five Conservative MLAs were from francophone areas). Many francophone voters opposed Norris's plans to end provincial funding for denominational Catholic schools.

The "Independent-Liberal-Conservative" name seems to have been dropped shortly after the election.

This was the last election before Winnipeg was made into a single ten-seat district, and Single transferable voting was brought into use.

Electoral system
In this election Manitoba used a mixture of multi-member districts and single-member districts. In the multi-member districts - Winnipeg North, Winnipeg South and Winnipeg Centre - each member was elected in a separate contest through First past the post.

In each single-member district the member was elected through First past the post.

Riding results
Arthur:
 * (incumbent)John Williams (L) 815
 * W.S. Kenner (C) 632

Assiniboia:
 * John Wilton (L) 828
 * William Bayley (Labour Representation Committee) 773
 * (incumbent)John Thomas Haig (C) 590

Beautiful Plains:
 * William Wood (L) 1115
 * J. Harry Irwin (C) 918

Birtle:
 * (incumbent)George Malcolm (L) 873
 * S. Arnold (C) 422

Brandon City:
 * Stephen Clement (L) 1914
 * James Albert Manning Aikins (C) 1213

Carillon:
 * Albert Prefontaine (C) 629
 * (incumbent)Thomas B. Molloy (L) 605

Cypress:
 * Andrew Myles (L) 851
 * (incumbent)George Steel (C) 789

Dauphin:
 * William Harrington (L) 739
 * (incumbent)William Buchanan (C) 637
 * J.M. McQuay (Ind) 233

Deloraine:
 * (incumbent)Robert Thornton (L) 1146
 * John C. Walker Reid (C) 851

Dufferin:
 * Edward August (L) 1134
 * Andrew S. Argue (C) 848

Elmwood:
 * Thomas Glendenning Hamilton (L) 2319
 * Donald Munro (C) 866

Emerson:
 * John David Baskerville (L) 1181
 * G. Coulter (C) 460

Gilbert Plains:
 * William Findlater (L) 1383
 * (incumbent)Sam Hughes (C) 792

Gimli:
 * Taras Ferley (L-Ind) 1172
 * (incumbent)Sveinn Thorvaldson (C) 562

(Einar Jonasson had been nominated as the official Liberal candidate, but withdrew.)

Gladstone:
 * (incumbent)James Armstrong (L) 1154
 * A. Singleton (C) 484

Glenwood:
 * (incumbent)James Breakey (L) 1091
 * John Perdue (C) 636

Hamiota:
 * (incumbent)John Henry McConnell (L) 1063
 * J. Moss Fraser (C) 596

Iberville:
 * (incumbent)Aime Benard (C) 527
 * James H. Black (L) 400

Kildonan and St. Andrews:
 * George Prout (L) 1295
 * R. Sanders (C) 754

Killarney:
 * Samuel Hayden (L) 779
 * (incumbent)George Lawrence (C) 656

Lakeside:
 * Charles Duncan McPherson (L) 863
 * (incumbent)John J. Garland (C) 700

Lansdowne:
 * (incumbent)Tobias Norris (L) 1334
 * W.J. Cundy (C) 592

La Verendrye:
 * Philippe Talbot (L) 713
 * (incumbent)Jean-Baptiste Lauzon (C) 558

Manitou:
 * George Thomas Armstrong (L) 1090
 * W.H. Sharpe (C) 1006

Minnedosa:
 * (incumbent)George Grierson (L) 1173
 * James Muir (C) 654

Morden and Rhineland:
 * (incumbent)Valentine Winkler (L) 1180
 * William Johnston Tupper (C) 712

Morris:
 * (incumbent)Jacques Parent (C) 740
 * William Molloy (L) 683

Mountain:
 * (incumbent)James Baird (L) 1331
 * John T. Dale (C) 419

Norfolk:
 * (incumbent)John Graham (L) 933
 * Robert F. Lyons (C) 770

Portage la Prairie:
 * (incumbent)Ewan McPherson (L) 1065
 * Fawcett Taylor (C) 807

Roblin:
 * (incumbent)Frederic Newton (C) 714
 * William Angus (L) 609

Rockwood:
 * Arthur Lobb (L) 1275
 * Thomas Scott (C) 639

Russell:
 * William Wilber Wilfred Wilson (L) 1033
 * J.P. Laycock (C) 614

St. Boniface:
 * Joseph Dumas (L) 921
 * J.A. Beaupre (C) 790
 * J.P. Howden (Ind L) 640

St. Clements:
 * (incumbent)Donald Ross (L/Ind) 1014
 * Thomas Hay (C) 489

St. George:
 * Skuli Sigfusson (L) 1291
 * Paul Reykdal (C) 831

Ste. Rose:
 * (incumbent)Joseph Hamelin (C) 443
 * Z.H. Rheaume (L) 414
 * A. McLeod (Ind) 266

Swan River:
 * (incumbent)William Sims (L) 626
 * Daniel D. McDonald (C) 414

Turtle Mountain:
 * George William McDonald (L) 687
 * (incumbent)James Johnson (C) 651

Virden:
 * (incumbent)George Clingan (L) 1181
 * R.A. Knight (C) 772

Winnipeg
Winnipeg North "A":
 * Robert Newton Lowery (L) 2443
 * Arthur Beech (SDP) 2248
 * (incumbent)Joseph P. Foley (C) 1490

Winnipeg North "B":
 * Richard Rigg (SDP) 2494
 * Solomon Hart Green (L) 2263
 * E.R. Levinson (C) 1248

Winnipeg Centre "A":
 * (incumbent)Thomas Herman Johnson (L) 6763
 * A.J. Norquay (C) 2346

Winnipeg Centre "B":
 * (incumbent)Fred Dixon (Ind) 6443
 * H.M. Hanneson (C) 2048
 * George Armstrong (SPC) 804

Winnipeg South "A":
 * (incumbent)Albert Hudson (L) 5986
 * W.J. Boyd (C) 2011

Winnipeg South "B":
 * (incumbent)William Parrish (L) 5635
 * Lendrum McMeans (C) 2303

Deferred elections
The Pas, August 25, 1915:
 * Edward Brown (L) accl.

Horace Halcrow had been nominated by the Conservatives to contest this riding, but withdrew before the election. Halcrow had been Manitoba's chief game warden under the Roblin government.

Post-election changes
Rupertsland (new constituency), September 16, 1916:
 * John Morrison (Ind-L) accl.

Iberville (res. Aime Benard, 1917), November 1, 1917:
 * Arthur Boivin (C) elected

Roblin (res. Frederic Newton, 1917), November 19, 1917:
 * William Westwood (Ind-L) elected
 * Irwin L. Mitchell (L)

(A Winnipeg Free Press report from November 20, 1917 shows Westwood winning by 186 votes, with one poll yet to declare. This was likely the first provincial election where Manitoba women cast votes.)

Morris (dep. Jacques Parent, 1917; no by-election)

Minnedosa (George Grierson to cabinet, November 10, 1917), November 30, 1917:
 * George Grierson (L) elected

Winnipeg North "B" (res. Richard Rigg, 1917), January 15, 1918:
 * Robert Jacob (Union-L) 2923
 * E.R. Levinson (Ind) 2251

(Numbers taken from the Winnipeg Free Press.)

Rhineland (dec. Valentine Winkler, June 7, 1920; no by-election)

title: 1915 Manitoba general election


text:
Preemptive strike (disambiguation)

A Preemptive strike refers to a surprise attack launched with the stated intention of countering an anticipated enemy offensive.

Preemptive strike may also refer to:

 * Preemptive Strike (album), a retrospective compilation album of DJ Shadow's singles released on the UK record label Mo'Wax
 * Pre-Emptive Strike, a three-track release by American heavy metal band Five Finger Death Punch
 * "Preemptive Strike" (TNG episode), a seventh season episode of Star Trek: The Next Generation
 * Pre-emptive nuclear strike

title: Preemptive strike (disambiguation)


text:
User talk:Jdb1972

FC paragraph
Nice cleanup job on the Florida College part of the NI churches article.

If you're not somebody I already know and who's already there, I'd like to invite you to my discussion website at http://www.churchofchristdiscussions.com/ Jdavidb 20:59, 17 August 2005 (UTC)

Copyvio?
Does this represent incorporating material from elsewhere, to your knowledge?

Very thorough, very informative. Jdavidb (talk • contribs) 19:13, 18 November 2005 (UTC)

 * No, it meets the copyright standards. Nothing plagiarized.  The only quotes are attributed (though they probably ought to be fully cited as well).  Jdb1972 00:25, 19 November 2005 (UTC)

 * BTW, long ago when I asked that question, I did not realize you were the author. :) So I was asking you to look over (I thought) somebody else's work and make sure they hadn't borrowed it from somewhere, because it just seemed so odd for a non-logged in user to have so much text at their disposal. :) Jdavidb (talk • contribs) 05:24, 9 May 2006 (UTC)

Church of Christ Link Policy
Hi! I'd like to point editors to the Church of Christ Talk Page to finalize a policy on links. Would you mind weighing in on the current language and editing, or giving a yeah or nay vote? Thanks! Danlovejoy 20:23, 5 December 2005 (UTC)

Meat Loaf!
On whether anyone but you was surprised at finding Meat Loaf had Church of Christ connections: Yes, but on the other hand, no! (I'm a classical/jazz/punk/liturgical/etc. musician myself.) I used to go see the Rocky Horror Picture Show at the Vogue Theatre in Louisville as a teenager in the 1970s and they would play a "clip" or two (as music videos were called back then) of his before the movie started. I thought his musical arrangements were expansive, orchestral (a rock band, but one with a grand piano in it) and harmony-heavy. Very like the Church of Christ musical style, from a certain deconstructivist point of view. If I looked at them now I probably couldn't culturally distinguish his presentation from Pat Boone's network TV appearances from the same time period. (Of course the bar for music your parents won't like has been raised several times since then.) But the main thing is that he has that completely earnest, I'll-entertain-you-or-die manner that I'm too cynical to see in many of our modern performers. Alan Canon 05:18, 28 June 2006 (UTC)

 * I dunno; the orchestral and/or piano sound wasn't exactly unique to him in the 1970s. Billy Joel, for example. He may have been the only one to combine a sort of gothicky sound with it, though. Jdb1972 13:03, 29 June 2006 (UTC)

Jack and Glenda Reese
My father is Alex Ogden who preached in Dyersburg for 8 years. The first few of those years were when we had the Reeses with us. After some bad experiences in other places, brother Reese sorta repaired my view of elders. --R.A. Ogden 14:29, 13 September 2006 (UTC)

 * Yep, he's definitely missed. My dad was close friends with him. Unfortunately, we had some bad experiences with elders after he left, but that's another story entirely. Jdb1972 16:36, 13 September 2006 (UTC)

Blanking of Content
Please don't blank content based on subjective personal criteria, but only clear vandalism. Thanks. - MSTCrow 00:14, 11 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Link spam is vandalism. Please work your links into relevant sections as references. Jdb1972 01:14, 11 July 2007 (UTC)

Wikimania in Atlanta!
Mike H. I did "That's hot" first! 03:56, 4 September 2007 (UTC)

Moving On
I'm sorry the editorial disagreements with the Churches of Christ article led to a decision for you to step aside. Dealing with vastly opposing points of view can certainly be frustrating and tiresome, and I think you summarized it correctly on the talk page. I wish you well as you "move on" and hope our editorial paths intersect again in the future. —Adavidb 14:33, 21 November 2007 (UTC)

Churches of Christ (non-institutional)
Thank you for the message on my talk page - my reversion those edits was in error. I am using an unfamiliar anti-vandalism tool, and I goofed. My apologies. They have been reverted. – ukexpat (talk) 19:30, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 13:07, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 13:32, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

Discretionary sanctions alert for articles and content relating to post-1932 American politics and articles
Doug Weller talk 11:03, 7 August 2019 (UTC)

GA reassessment
Churches of Christ has been nominated for a community good article reassessment. If you are interested in the discussion, please participate by adding your comments to the reassessment page. If concerns are not addressed during the review period, the good article status may be removed from the article. Iskandar323 (talk) 15:08, 7 May 2022 (UTC)

title: User talk:Jdb1972


text:
User talk:Icydid

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! D. J. Bracey (talk) 20:59, 17 August 2005 (UTC)
 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
 * Help pages
 * Tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Manual of Style

Nuclear Meltdown
Can you please help us by giving some indication of those terms etc you find too technical, on the talk page for the article. Thanks Bob aka Linuxlad 21:49, 22 August 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Icydid