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Star Wars: The Roleplaying Game

Star Wars: The Roleplaying Game is a role-playing game set in the Star Wars universe, written and published by West End Games (WEG) between 1987 and 1999. The game system was slightly modified and rereleased in 2004 as D6 Space, which used a generic space opera setting. An unrelated Star Wars RPG was published by Wizards of the Coast from 2000 to 2010. Since 2012 the official Star Wars role-playing game is another unrelated game, published by Fantasy Flight Games.

Development
The game, based on WEG's earlier Ghostbusters RPG, established much of the groundwork of what later became the Star Wars expanded universe, and its sourcebooks are still frequently cited by Star Wars fans as reference material. Lucasfilm considered the West End Games' Star Wars sourcebooks so authoritative that when Timothy Zahn was hired to write what became the Thrawn trilogy, he was sent a box of West End Games Star Wars books and directed to base his novel on the background material presented within. Many of the first uses of Star Wars alien names (such as the Twi'lek, Rodian, and Quarren) appeared for the first time in WEG's Star Wars books. Even after Disney's reboot of the Star Wars Expanded Universe in 2014, much of this nomenclature still exists in new canon works.

In 1992 West End Games published the second edition of the game, in which the title remained unchanged. In 1996 a revision of the second edition appeared, but its title was slightly changed from Star Wars: The Roleplaying Game - Second Edition to The Star Wars Roleplaying Game: Second Edition - Revised and Expanded.

By the end of the game's run around 140 sourcebook and adventure supplements had been published for the game during its run through three editions.

In addition fifteen issues of a magazine series, the Star Wars Adventure Journal, were published between 1994 and 1998. The Adventure Journal was published in novel format with around 280 pages, and consisted of adventures and articles for the game, plus short stories intended to provide inspiration for gamemasters and news relating to Star Wars.

WEG's license to produce Star Wars material was lost after the company declared bankruptcy in 1998, and the license was later acquired by Wizards of the Coast, who held it until 2010.

In 2018, Fantasy Flight Games published the 30th Anniversary Edition comprising the original core rulebook, and The Star Wars Sourcebook.

Game system
Star Wars: The Roleplaying Game uses the D6 System, originally developed for the Ghostbusters roleplaying game.

Reception
In a 1996 reader poll conducted by the UK magazine Arcane to determine the fifty most popular roleplaying games of all time, Star Wars: The Roleplaying Game was ranked 9th in the 1996 reader poll of magazine. The magazine's editor Paul Pettengale commented, "The rich and varied background already created by the movies helps a great deal, but there have been many games based on great fiction, and few of them work nearly as well as Star Wars: The Roleplaying Game. Everything about the system has been designed to complement the setting's unique blend of fantasy, science fiction and myth, and to recreate the same feel and atmosphere as the movies. [...] The rules system is beautiful in its simplicity, yet ably copes with everything from vicious space battles to speedy chases through narrow canyons. A clever set of guidelines covers the use of the Force, complete with details of both its Light and Dark sides, enabling characters to make heroic efforts and pull off the kind of stunts that are vital to what Star Wars is all about. [...] Perhaps the perfect system for introducing new players to roleplaying, and yet offering more than enough to keep even the most jaded gamers happy.

Awards
At the 1988 Origins Awards, Star Wars: The Roleplaying Game won in the category Best Roleplaying Rules of 1987.

List of core rulebooks

 * 1st Edition Rules
 * Star Wars: The Roleplaying Game  (1987) ISBN 0-87431-065-2

 * 2nd Edition Rules
 * Star Wars: The Roleplaying Game - Second Edition  (1992) ISBN 0-87431-181-0
 * The Star Wars Roleplaying Game: Second Edition - Revised and Expanded  (1996) ISBN 0-87431-268-X

List of supplements

 * The Star Wars Sourcebook (1987)
 * Campaign Pack (1988)
 * Tatooine Manhunt (1988)
 * Strike Force: Shantipole (1988)
 * Battle for the Golden Sun (1988)
 * Imperial Sourcebook (1988)
 * The Star Wars Rules Companion (1989)
 * Starfall (1989)
 * Otherspace (1989)
 * Otherspace II: Invasion (1989)
 * Scavenger Hunt (1989)
 * Riders of the Maelstrom (1989)
 * Crisis on Cloud City (1989)
 * Galaxy Guide 1: A New Hope - 1st Edition: 1989, 2nd Edition: 1995.
 * Galaxy Guide 2: Yavin and Bespin - 1st Edition: 1989, 2nd Edition: 1995.
 * Galaxy Guide 3: The Empire Strikes Back - 1st Edition: 1989, 2nd Edition: 1996.
 * Galaxy Guide 4: Alien Races - 1st Edition: 1989, 2nd Edition: 1994, ISBN 0-87431-208-6
 * Rebel Alliance Sourcebook (1990)
 * Black Ice (1990)
 * The Game Chambers of Questal (1990)
 * The Isis Coordinates (1990)
 * Death in the Undercity (1990)
 * Galaxy Guide 5: The Return of the Jedi - 1st Edition: 1990, ISBN 0-87431-140-3, 2nd Edition: 1995, ISBN 087431-267-1
 * Galaxy Guide 6: Tramp Freighters - 1st Edition: 1990, ISBN 087431-146-2, 2nd Edition: 1994, ISBN 087431-212-4
 * Cracken's Rebel Field Guide (1991)
 * Death Star Technical Companion (1991)
 * Domain of Evil (1991)
 * Graveyard of Alderaan (1991)
 * Gamemaster Kit (1991)
 * Planets of the Galaxy Volume 1 (1991)
 * Heir to the Empire Sourcebook (1992)
 * Dark Force Rising Sourcebook (1992)
 * Planets of the Galaxy Volume 2 (1992)
 * Mission to Lianna (1992)
 * Planet of the Mists (1992)
 * The Abduction (1992)
 * The Politics of Contraband (1992)
 * Gamemaster's Screen (1992)
 * Gamemaster Handbook (1993)
 * Movie Trilogy Sourcebook (1993)
 * Dark Empire Sourcebook (1993)
 * Planets of the Galaxy Volume 3 (1993)
 * Han Solo and the Corporate Sector Sourcebook (1993)
 * Supernova (1993)
 * Wanted by Cracken (1993)
 * Twin Stars of Kira (1993)
 * Galaxy Guide 7: Mos Eisley (1993)
 * Galaxy Guide 8: Scouts (1993)
 * Galaxy Guide 9: Fragments from the Rim (1993)
 * Galaxy Guide 10: Bounty Hunters (1994)
 * Galaxy Guide 11: Criminal Organizations (1994)
 * The Last Command Sourcebook (1994)
 * The Planets Collection (1994)
 * Creatures of the Galaxy (1994)
 * Cracken's Rebel Operatives (1994)
 * Classic Campaigns (1994)
 * Classic Adventures Vol 1 (1995)
 * Classic Adventures Vol 2 (1995)
 * Flashpoint! Brak Sector (1995)
 * Galaxy Guide 12: Aliens - Enemies and Allies (1995)
 * Galladium's Fantastic Technology: Guns and Gear (1995)
 * Heroes and Rogues (1995)
 * Platt's Starport Guide (1995)
 * Goroth - Slave of the Empire (1995)
 * Alliance Intelligence Report (1995)
 * The Darkstryder Campaign (1995)
 * Thrawn Trilogy Sourcebook (1996)
 * Shadows of the Empire Sourcebook (1996)
 * Shadows of the Empire: Planets Guide (1996)
 * Tales Of The Jedi Companion (1996)
 * The Jedi Academy Sourcebook (1996)
 * Truce At Bakura Sourcebook (1996)
 * Classic Adventures Vol 3 (1996)
 * The Best of Star Wars Adventure Journal Issues 1-4 (1996)
 * Operation- Elrood (1996)
 * Instant Adventures (1996)
 * Darkstryder: The Kathol Outback (1996)
 * Darkstryder: The Kathol Rift (1996)
 * Darkstryder: Endgame (1996)
 * Star Wars Trilogy Sourcebook - Special Edition (1997)
 * Rules of Engagement: The Rebel SpecForce Handbook (1997)
 * Cynabar's Fantastic Technology: Droids (1997)
 * Secrets of the Sisar Run (1997)
 * Cracken's Threat Dossier (1997)
 * Platt's Smugglers Guide (1997)
 * Pirates & Privateers (1997)
 * Stock Ships (1997)
 * The Player's Guide to Tapani (1997)
 * Wretched Hives of Scum and Villainy (1997)
 * The Black Sands of Socorro (1997)
 * Lords of the Expanse (1997)
 * Gundark's Fantastic Technology: Personal Gear (1997)
 * Classic Adventures Vol 4 (1997)
 * Mos Eisley Adventure Set (1997)
 * No Disintegrations (1997)
 * Star Wars Introductory Adventure Game (1997)
 * Tapani Sector Instant Adventures (1997)
 * Hideouts and Strongholds (1998)
 * Alien Encounters (1998)
 * The Far Orbit Project (1998)
 * Classic Adventures Vol 5 (1998)

Star Wars Adventure Journal

 * (1994–1997) Star Wars Adventure Journal 1–15

Spinoffs
Four board games were published to coincide with the role-playing game, all of them by West End Games:

 * Star Wars: Star Warriors  (1987)
 * Star Wars: Escape from the Death Star  (1990, not to be confused with the 1977 game)
 * Star Wars: Assault on Hoth  (1988)
 * Star Wars: Battle for Endor  (1989, based on the battle from Return of the Jedi, not the similarly titled Ewok movie)

A miniature wargame was also written in 1989:

 * Star Wars Miniatures Battles.

Five gamebooks were published by West End Games in the 1990s:

 * Scoundrel's Luck  (a Han Solo adventure) and Jedi's Honor  (a Luke Skywalker adventure), both published in 1990, were the two only gamebooks of a series titled Solitaire Adventure, a type of Choose Your Own Adventure books.
 * The Imperial Doublecross, published in 1997, was not part of the Solitaire Adventure series and used the Star Wars D6 rules and characters' die codes.
 * The Lightsaber Dueling Pack  and Starfighter Battle Book  were picture gamebooks, presenting viewpoint series of pictures and the possible next courses of action, similar to Ace of Aces.

In the early 1990s, before the advent of the modern Internet, the FidoNet Star Wars Echo ran a message forum for playing the West End Games Star Wars Roleplaying Game on-line on computer bulletin board systems. The game also gathered a large Internet following via mailing lists such as the SW-RPG Mailing List.

Fantasy Flight Games reprint
In 2018, Fantasy Flight Games, the current holders of the Star Wars RPG licence, released a re-print of the original core book, in a deluxe slipcase format, along with the Sourcebook supplement.

title: Star Wars: The Roleplaying Game


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Adsnads

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was Delete. Redwolf24 02:20, 24 August 2005 (UTC)

Adsnads
Blatant advertising. Nobody LINKS to them according to Google, no Alexa rank. ral 315  15:04, August 18, 2005 (UTC)

They're new, so how can you expect an Alexa rank. Previous unsigned comment was by 66.32.71.124, who created Adsnads)

 * 'Delete. As of yet, nn. Sdedeo 15:12, 18 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Can I ask your reason ?--A73 19:16, 19 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete. WP:ISNOT a Web directory. And do these chaps know what "nads" are in British English? Tonywalton | Talk 15:15, 18 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep it. Of course, it is about an online community which offers users a means of advertising. In the interest of consistency, it is no different than Craigslist - the only difference is one has existed longer. Not to offend British users... read it as Ads 'n ads.
 * Delete - when it gets as popular as Craigslist, let them re-submit. --Outlander 15:47, 18 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Are you suggesting it has to be popular to exist here --A73 19:16, 19 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete, Wikipedia is not a web directory. Martg76 15:49, 18 August 2005 (UTC)
 * It is a collection of information organized by topic and much of it is about the internet. --A73 19:16, 19 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete, Advertising Basil Fawlty 15:53, 18 August 2005 (UTC)
 * I would argue that it is not advertising and not intended to be advertising, but describes something that deals in free advertising.--A73 19:16, 19 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete, advertising for a (currently) non-notable web site -- Sliggy 16:29, August 18, 2005 (UTC)
 * Are you suggesting advertising is OK if you deem it to be about a notable site ? --A73 19:16, 19 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete, advertising. Dottore So 18:24, 18 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep it, For those that think its advertising - take a look at any link that is about a commercial enterprise. They could all be called advertising. Do you think that anything commercial should not be on the web. Commerce and business on the web have made it successful. The power of the web and of sites like Wikipedia are rooted around inclusion, not exclusion. (Previous unsigned comment was by 66.32.71.124)
 * You're missing the point of what an encyclopaedia is. If your site was a sandwich bar that was being considered for deletion from the local directory of sandwich bars, you'd be absolutely correct in what you say. However Wikipedia is not a local (or international) directory; it is an encyclopaedia. Are you likely to find an entry for your site in Encyclopædia Britannica? No, because that's not a directory either. Might you find an entry for Xerox? Very probably; it's notable in a way in which with the best will in the world you cannot say your site is.
 * Note that an unwillingness to include your article in WP does not imply any unwillingness to see it succeed - best wishes for the success of your enterprise. Tonywalton  | Talk 11:21, 19 August 2005 (UTC)
 * According to the Wikipedia introduction "help make Wikipedia the best source of information on the Internet", and the current content, I can understand the difficulty in defining what it is. Certainly some are willing to assert what it isn't. Looking at Wikipedia as just an encyclopedia would eliminate much of what makes it special and unique. Inclusion is what makes Wikipedia special.--A73 14:55, 19 August 2005 (UTC)

Keep it! The site provides community links that benefit a wide cross-section of the population. It isn't advertising but rather it fits the meaning/intent of an encyclopedia. -Julio

KEEP IT - Since when did wikipedia become such an elitist bunch of users? I think the website is a great portal for people to use.
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Adsnads


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The Girl Who Knew Too Much (1963 film)

The Girl Who Knew Too Much (La ragazza che sapeva troppo) is a 1963 Italian giallo film directed by Mario Bava, starring John Saxon as Dr. Marcello Bassi and Letícia Román as Nora Davis. The plot revolves around a young American woman named Nora, who travels to Rome and witnesses a murder. The police and Dr. Bassi do not believe her, since a corpse has not been found. Several more killings follow, tied to a decade-long string of murder victims chosen in alphabetical order.

The Girl Who Knew Too Much is considered to be the first giallo film, a film genre with a mixture of thriller, sexploitation and horror conventions. An alternative cut titled The Evil Eye was released in the United States and the United Kingdom by American International Pictures; this version features a score by Les Baxter, deletes several scenes, and adds others which place a greater emphasis on comedy compared to the Italian release.

Plot
On vacation, American tourist Nora Davis arrives in Rome to visit her elderly ailing aunt, who is being treated by Dr. Marcello Bassi. Nora's aunt dies on the first night of Nora's visit and she walks to the nearby hospital to notify Marcello. On the way, she is mugged and knocked out in Piazza di Spagna. When she wakes up, she witnesses a young woman being murdered in front of a house. She also observes a bearded man pulling a knife out of the woman's corpse. Nora then faints. Waking up in the hospital the next morning, she reports the incident to the police, who do not believe her after finding no evidence that a murder has been committed.

At her aunt's funeral, Nora meets a close friend of her aunt's, Laura Craven-Torrani, who lives in Piazza di Spagna. Laura is travelling to Switzerland the next day and offers Nora to stay in her house. At Laura's, Nora comes across newspaper clippings about the "Alphabet Killer", a serial killer whose victims have been murdered in alphabetical order by surname. The killer has already murdered three women whose last names begin with "A", "B" and "C". The latest victim was Laura's sister, who was killed ten years earlier in front of Laura's house. Nora receives a telephone call, in which an anonymous caller taunts her by saying that "'D' is for death".

Nora is assisted by Marcello, who takes her on a sightseeing tour of Rome to distract her from the recent events, as they become romantically involved. That night, after Marcello drops Nora off at the Craven house, an anonymous call lures her into an empty apartment. Marcello follows Nora to the apartment, where they find a voice emanating from a tape recorder, telling Nora to be cautious since her last name begins with a "D". They discover the apartment is leased to investigative reporter Andrea Landini. After several unsuccessful attempts to locate him, Nora and Marcello go to the beach to relax.

Upon returning to the Craven house, Nora and Marcello find Landini, who has been told that they were inquiring about him. Landini has been secretly following them since he spotted Nora in the square. He explains that he collaborated with the police while writing articles about the "Alphabet Murders", leading to the arrest of a mentally ill man named Straccianeve, who denied being the killer. Landini became determined to prove Straccianeve's innocence, but he eventually lost his job as a result. Nora decides to help Landini, but as they tour Rome, they find no clues. Nora visits Landini's apartment the next day, finding clues that lead her to believe that he is the killer, including the tape recorder, a confession note on his typewriter and a photo of herself labelled as the possible fourth victim. Shortly afterwards, she finds Landini dead, an apparent suicide.

Laura returns to Rome from her trip. Nora reads in the newspaper that the young woman's body has been found. At the morgue, Nora positively identifies the body, and the victim is revealed to be Straccianeve's daughter. Alone in the house that night, Nora notices the study door is ajar. On entering, she sees a man rising from his chair, whom she recognises as the man who was standing over the body. He then collapses to the floor, a knife in his back. Nora is confronted by a deranged Laura, who confesses to the killings. She stabbed that man, her husband, because he wanted to have her committed to a psychiatric hospital. He was actually disposing of the body for his wife the night Nora saw him. Laura reveals that she murdered her sister in order to claim their father's inheritance. Laura prepares to shoot Nora but is shot dead by her dying husband. Nora is happily reunited with Marcello, as they plan to marry soon.

Cast

 * John Saxon as Dr. Marcello Bassi
 * Letícia Román as Nora Davis (Nora Drowson in The Evil Eye)
 * Valentina Cortese as Laura Craven-Torrani
 * Titti Tomaino as the inspector
 * Luigi Bonos as the hotel clerk
 * Milo Quesada as De Vico
 * Walter Williams (credited as Robert Buchanan) as Dr. Alessi
 * Marta Melocco as the murder victim
 * Gianni Di Benedetto as Professor Torrani, Laura's husband
 * Dante DiPaolo as Andrea Landini

Production
Prior to working on The Girl Who Knew Too Much, Bava had taken a six-month break after filming the last of the special effects shots for his previous film Erik the Conqueror (1961). Bava spent this extended period reading mystery and horror magazines. He pondered retiring from directing and thought he might only return to work on special effects for film. Bava was convinced to return to directing by Samuel Arkoff and Jim Nicholson, who had begun co-producing Italian films for release in the United States. The Girl Who Knew Too Much was the first film in this venture for Arkoff and Nicholson's company American International Pictures (AIP). The film was produced by Galatea Film, which also produced Bava's earlier film Black Sunday (1960), and Coronet films. The film benefited from AIP as a deal was set between the company and Galatea to have confirmed distribution overseas.

The opening credits credit Sergio Corbucci (credited as "Enzo Corbucci"), Ennio de Concini and Eliana de Sabata and the writers of the film, while crediting Bava, Mino Guerrini and Franco Prosperi as collaborators. Italian screenwriter Luigi Cozzi has said that the original script was more of a romantic comedy, but the film became more of a thriller as it went into production.

Letícia Román was cast in The Girl Who Knew Too Much, her first leading role. Román knew actor John Saxon prior to production on the film. Saxon has stated that he was invited by Román to work on the film by asking if he would be interested in an art film in Rome. Saxon agreed, but on receiving the script, he found that he misunderstood her as she said horror film instead. Dante DiPaolo stated that Bava initially thought DiPaolo was too young for his role in the film, but after seeing his screen test, he felt DiPaolo understood his part well and cast him in this film and later again in Blood and Black Lace (1964). Film began with tentative title Incubo infuori programma with the planned English title being Incubus.

The Girl Who Knew Too Much began shooting on 2 May 1962. Bava thought the plot was silly, and focused more on the technical aspects of the film. This included shooting the film in black and white, Bava's last film shot in this style. Bava had made earlier films in colour, but films in the horror and thriller genre made in Italy were generally shot in black and white in this period. Location shooting in Rome took place at various locations including Leonardo da Vinci–Fiumicino Airport and the Trinità dei Monti. Some set pieces were borrowed from other Italian films, such as the painting in Nora's aunt's house, which is from Divorce Italian Style (1961).

Saxon stated that he had initially gotten along with Bava during production. Later, Saxon would be practicing judo on the beach, which would upset Bava who felt as if Saxon was showing off. Saxon stated that later in a conversation with a producer for the film, that the producer said that Román convinced Saxon to enter the film as she said Saxon was in love with her. Saxon felt that Bava was perhaps initially annoyed at him as he felt his action might have interpreted from Bava as trying to usurp attention from Román. Filming finished on 14 July 1962. Bava biographer Tim Lucas said that some re-shoots were apparently done towards the end of 1962. Bava completed the film at a cost of 190 million Italian lire.

The theme song of the film is sung by Adriano Celentano. The film's score was by Roberto Nicolosi, who had previously worked with Bava on Black Sunday (1960) and Erik the Conqueror (1961).

Release
The Girl Who Knew Too Much was first released on 10 February 1963 in Cagliari. The film grossed less than $27,000 on its opening and only weekend and failed to cover its own production cost. It was the least commercially successful film in Bava's directorial career. The giallo films were not popular among the Italian film audiences on its initial theatrical release as the genre never gained popularity in its home country until the release of Dario Argento's The Bird with the Crystal Plumage (1970) and The Cat o' Nine Tails (1971). It grossed a total of 80 million Italian lire in Italy.

The Girl Who Knew Too Much was released by American International Pictures in the United States on 6 May 1964, where it was shown on a double bill with Bava's Black Sabbath; this release of the film retitled it as The Evil Eye. Alterations between the two versions include the deletion of several scenes, including all references to marijuana, the addition of more comical scenes, and Roberto Nicolosi's jazz score being replaced with one performed by Les Baxter. The two versions also have different endings. When Bava's films were being released on DVD and Blu-ray, the Evil Eye edit of the film became more difficult to find as Bava's original Italian version of the film was used. This led to audiences knowing the film under its translated Italian title, The Girl Who Knew Too Much.

Reception
In a contemporary review, The Monthly Film Bulletin described the film as "a tolerably silly but quite enjoyable thriller". The reviewer praised the camerawork and acting by Valentina Cortese, whom he compared to Joan Crawford. The reviewer noted the plot, stating that "Bava, always a better cameraman than director hasn't Riccardo Freda's ability to make a merit of cliches, and often seems rather unhappy with his complicated plot, which is packed to the brim with red herrings, lurking shadows and sinister happenings known to thrillerdom."

Bava did not look back positively on the film, claiming that he "thought [the film] was too preposterous. Perhaps it could have worked with James Stewart and Kim Novak, whereas I had... oh, well, I can't even remember their names." On the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 71% based on seven reviews, which note the stylish look to the film, but negatively point out its story. James of Blackford Sight & Sound stated, "Although certainly pioneering, The Girl Who Knew Too Much is a low-key, modest film. It would be Bava's subsequent production, the violent, striking Blood and Black Lace, that would announce the genre's arrival in bold primary colours."

title: The Girl Who Knew Too Much (1963 film)


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Shooting at the 2004 Summer Olympics – Women's 25 metre pistol

The women's 25 metre pistol competition at the 2004 Summer Olympics was held on August 18 at the Markópoulo Olympic Shooting Centre near Athens, Greece.

The event consisted of two rounds: a qualifier and a final. In the qualifier, each shooter fired 60 shots with a pistol at 25 metres distance. Scores for each shot were in increments of 1, with a maximum score of 10. The first 30 shots were in the precision stage, with series of 5 shots being shot within 5 minutes. The second set of 30 shots gave shooters 3 seconds to take each shot.

The top 8 shooters in the qualifying round moved on to the final round. There, they fired an additional 20 shots. These shots scored in increments of .1, with a maximum score of 10.9. They were fired in four sets of 5 rapid fire shots.

Bulgaria's Mariya Grozdeva smashed a new Olympic record at 688.2 to defend her title in sport pistol shooting, putting her ahead of 19-year-old eventual silver medalist Lenka Hyková of the Czech Republic (687.8) by just a 0.4-point lead. Meanwhile, Azerbaijan's Irada Ashumova, who had notched the first seed earlier in the prelims, claimed the bronze with 687.3 points.

Records
Prior to this competition, the existing world and Olympic records were as follows.

Qualification round
PR — Precision stage; RF — Rapid fire stage

Final
In 2001, 25 metre pistol final shooting switched to rapid fire style. During this single Olympiad, only two rapid fire series were fired in the finals.


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Port Hope station

Port Hope railway station in Port Hope, Ontario, Canada, is one of the oldest Canadian passenger rail stations still in active use. Served by Via Rail trains running from Toronto to Kingston and Ottawa, it was also a stop for trains to and from Montreal until January 24, 2012. The station is unstaffed, but has a heated waiting room, pay telephone, washrooms, free outdoor parking, and wheelchair access.

History
The station, built from local limestone as part of the 1856 Grand Trunk Railway, opened on the October 27, 1856 inauguration of Montreal–Toronto mainline service. Architecturally, its Italianate design is typical of many of the 34 stations originally on the main line. Of the (at most) nine original stations still extant, just Port Hope, Napanee (1856) and Georgetown (1858) remain in active use.

A speculative boom fuelled construction and rail building in the region in the 1850s and 1860s. Port Hope and nearby Cobourg, both small towns, each vied to open a feeder rail line north to Peterborough to promote their respective lake ports. In 1906, both the Midland Railway of Canada and the Grand Trunk Railway had multiple buildings in Port Hope, including freight and car repair facilities, operating several spur lines to the harbour wharves. Much of this infrastructure was redundant as, by 1893, all of the rival companies had been acquired by Grand Trunk. The GTR was ultimately bankrupted by an ill-fated expansion westward and merged into the Canadian National Railway in 1923. Via Rail has operated Canada's federal passenger service since 1978.

A 1978 CN proposal to close or remove Port Hope station drew strong local opposition. Port Hope Town Council obtained a partnership with the Architectural Conservancy of Ontario, the Ontario Heritage Foundation, CN/Via and the province to use public funds and the money CN had earmarked for construction of a new shelter to instead retain and restore the original station to its 1881 appearance, returning it to passenger use. It was designated as a heritage railway station by the Historic Sites and Monuments Board of Parks Canada in 1992.

In 2009, Via Rail constructed an additional 20 parking spaces at the station; primarily geared towards the regular commuters that use Via Rail service at the station to access the Greater Toronto area.

Services
Port Hope is only served by local trains on Via Rail's Toronto-Ottawa route. Most Toronto-Ottawa trains and all Toronto-Montreal trains pass through the station without stopping.

As of October 2023 the station is served by 2 to 3 trains per day toward Ottawa and 2 trains per day toward Toronto.

title: Port Hope station


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text: Template:Ludwig van Beethoven

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Aaron Holbert

Aaron Keith Holbert (born January 9, 1973) is an American former professional baseball infielder for the St. Louis Cardinals and Cincinnati Reds of Major League Baseball (MLB).

Playing career
He was promoted from the Triple-A Louisville Bats, the Cincinnati Reds' highest minor league team, on August 16,, to replace Ryan Freel, who had been placed on the 15-day disabled list earlier that day. That marked the second time he had been on a regular season Major League roster, as he was on the roster of the St. Louis Cardinals for one game in, going 0 for 3. The gap of 9 years, 124 days between his first two games is the longest gap in Major League Baseball in the last 75 years.

In his career, he played at various levels in the organizations of the St. Louis Cardinals and Seattle Mariners before moving to the Reds' organization.

Post-playing career
In 2009, Holbert managed the Lake County Captains in the Cleveland Indians organization to a third-place finish in the Northern Division of the South Atlantic League. In December 2009, he was named the manager of the Indians' Carolina League affiliate Kinston Indians.

As of 2016, he was listed as a member of the professional scouting staff of the New York Yankees. Holbert was named manager of the Yankees High-A minor league team, the Tampa Tarpons for the 2019 season.

title: Aaron Holbert


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Ostodes (plant)

Ostodes is a genus of plants under the family Euphorbiaceae first described as a genus in 1826. It is native to southern China, the Himalayas, and parts of Southeast Asia.

 * Species
 * 1) Ostodes kuangii Y.T.Chang - Yunnan
 * 2) Ostodes paniculata Blume (syn O. katharinae) - Hainan, Yunnan, Tibet, Nepal, Sikkim, Bhutan, N Bangladesh, Assam, Thailand, Myanmar, W Malaysia, Borneo, Java, Sumatra

moved to other genera: Dimorphocalyx Paracroton Tapoides Tritaxis • # O. angustifolia - Dimorphocalyx angustifolius
 * formerly included

• # O. collina - Paracroton pendulus

• # O. integrifolia - Paracroton integrifolius

• # O. ixoroides - Tritaxis ixoroides

• # O. macrophylla - Paracroton pendulus

• # O. minor - Paracroton zeylanicus

• # O. muricata - Tritaxis muricata

• # O. pauciflora - Tritaxis pauciflora

• # O. pendula - Paracroton pendulus

• # O. serratocrenata - Paracroton pendulus

• # O. villamilii - Tapoides villamilii

• # O. zeylanica - Paracroton pendulus subsp. zeylanicus

title: Ostodes (plant)


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Laodice III

Laodice III (Greek: Λαοδίκη, Laodikē) also known as Laodika, was a princess of Pontus and a Seleucid queen. She was regent for her first born son, Antiochus, during the Anabase expedition of her husband, Antiochus III the Great, between 212 and 206 BC. Antiochus III created a royal cult dedicated to her in 193 BC. In 192 BC she was pushed out of political life due to her husband's remarriage. Her last known activities are documented in 177–176 BC and relate to the court of her son, Seleucus IV.

Biography
She was a daughter of King Mithridates II of Pontus and his wife Laodice. Her sister was Laodice of Pontus and her brother was Mithridates III of Pontus.

Laodice married Antiochus III around 221 BC in a ceremony at Zeugma and named queen at Antioch. Polybius states that she was promised to Antiochus III as “a virgin and aforenamed as wife to the king”. The fact that her parents named her ‘Laodice’ in the Seleucid female tradition suggests that her parents intended this marriage from her birth, and named her accordingly. Like her sisters, her marriage was part of a diplomatic strategy to strengthen relations between the Seleucids and Pontus.

Laodice gave birth to her eldest child, Antiochus, while her husband Antiochus III set out his expedition against Molon. During her marriage, it is believed that Laodice and her children sometimes followed Antiochus during his expeditions throughout his empire.

Laodice III bore Antiochus III eight children who were: Antiochus, Seleucus IV Philopator, Ardys, a daughter, name unknown, who was engaged to Demetrius I of Bactria, Laodice IV, Cleopatra I Syra, Antiochis and Antiochus IV Epiphanes (birth name Mithridates).

Many inscriptions refer to Laodice as the “sister” or “sister-queen” of Antiochus III, and Laodice often referred to Antiochus as “brother”, despite the fact that the couple were only maternal first cousins. This was not an official title, but used for multiple reasons; it played up to attributions of loyalty and devoted like-mindedness of the couple, as well as affirming Laodice's position as a member of the dynasty, and her position as being an equal to her husband. Towns could use the term “sister-queen” to further praise Laodice as a faithful consort. Furthermore, Laodice's position as ‘sister’ to Antiochus mimicked the traditions of the previous Hecatomnid dynasty that ruled Caria during the 4th century BC, integrating the Seleucids into that territory's traditions. This practice was also borrowed from the Greek world, were Ptolemy II's marriage to his full sister was likened to the divine union of Zeus and Hera, and started a tradition of representing wives as sisters in the Ptolemaic dynasty.

Laodice and Antiochus furthered the tradition of brother-sister rulers by arranging the marriage of two of their own children, Antiochus and Laodice, in 195 BC.

In 192 BC Antiochus took a second wife, Euboea of Chalcis, which led to Laodice being pushed to the periphery of Antiochus' court. It has been suggested that Laodice was repudiated by Antiochus in favour of his new wife, but there is no evidence for this. Although Antiochus' second wife did not have the political influence of Laodice, Laodice disappears from the public record until after the death of Antiochus.

Regency
In 210 BC, Antiochus, the king's eldest son, was made co-ruler with his father, at the age of 10 or 11 years old, in order to keep the throne secure while Antiochus III went on campaign in the east. During this time Laodice most probably acted as regent. A clay seal impression is thought to show Antiochus the son in the foreground, with Laodice in the background, suggesting that she overtly displayed her power as ruler during her regency.

The royal cult that Antiochus III initiated in 195 BC may have been a way for Antiochus to acknowledge Laodice for her good management of the kingdom during his absences.

Benefactor
During and after her regency, Laodice continued to assert her political power by acting as a benefactor, or philanthropist. Philanthropic action was typical of Hellenistic queens as a way to further their power and assert their position, particularly in the religious sphere, but Laodice was unusually active and her donations addressed political problems and targeted depopulation and poverty by focusing on food and marriage. Laodice's donations are evidenced in inscriptions of her honours, and her letters to the towns.

In Sardis, Antiochus had imposed a tax of 5%, attached a billeted garrison and confiscated the gymnasium after the citizens of Sardis' resistance to him in 214 BC. However, in 213 BC, these punishments were greatly lessened, with a 3-year tax exemption, the donation of wood from the royal forest, the restoration of the gymnasium and a donation of 8000 litres of oil for the youths at the gymnasium. Some historians suggest that these actions may have been thanks to the influence of Laodice, as she is particularly honoured in the inscriptions following the donations.

In Teos in 203 BC, Laodice was thanked for helping the city, alongside her husband. The similarity of honours accorded to Laodice at Teos and at Iasos suggest that she acted as a benefactor in a similar manner.

In Iasos, the city had suffered the loss of its traditional laws, its freedom, depopulation and poverty as well as an earthquake. In 196 BC Laodice donated 10000 medimnus of wheat, the profits of which were to be used to ensure each woman getting married a dowry of three hundred Antiochian drachmai. The funding for this came from land that belonged to Laodice, but her use of Strouthiôn, a royal administrator, suggests she did this acting as part of the royal administration rather than as a separate body.

Civic Honors
For her help, Laodice received multiple honours, which often focused on honouring her symbolically as a mother. It is not always clear if these honors were given before or after her benefaction of the city. The cities could have given them after in order to honour and thank the queen (probable in Sardis) or it could have been given before, in order to encourage the queen to act generously towards the city (possible in Teos). The giving of honours was the point of depart for a diplomatic exchange, in which the queen would be obliged by laws of exchange to accept the honours and act as a sort of patron to the city. As she received more honours, the cities honoured her in increasingly elaborate manners.

In Sardis, an altar was made and dedicated to Laodice, and there was an annual festival with a sacrifice for the queen, king and children. These festivities were related to Zeus.

In Teos, statues were built of both the king and the queen in the temple of Dionysos. There were sacrifices made to the king and queen during an annual celebration, Antiocheia Kai Laodikeia, with a banquet dedicated to the royal couple. Foreign residents were also expected to hold their own sacrifice at home. An agora was built in the port with a fountain dedicated to Laodice, the water of which was to be used for civic sacrifices, funeral rituals, and bathwater for brides to be. In order to draw the water, one would need to dress all in white and wear a crown. The honours were meant to be “for the rest of time” but stopped after 189 BC when Antiochus was defeated by the Romans leading to the Treaty of Apamea.

In Iasos Laodice was linked to Aphrodite, who represented sex, maternity and marriage. There was a religious festival on the birthday of the queen, in the month of Aphrodision, during which there would be a procession of the betrothed, dressed in white. Annually, a virgin girl was elected from a high status family, and named priestess of Laodice. Later, these honours included funds that were dedicated to female education, connecting Laodice with education and the introduction of female citizens into public life. These honours were to continue for 10 years, but ceased after 189 BC.

Royal Cult
In 192 BC, more than 10 years after his return from conquest, Antiochus III declared a cult dedicated to Laodice. He had already created a cult for himself in 209 BC, and this new cult was envisioned as a parallel to his own cult, with priestesses which mirrored his priests. Although the existence of previous honours helped in the development of the royal cult, they could not compete with the glamour of royal administrative festivities. A royal cult was modelled on the worship of the gods, with a sacrifice, a procession of citizens wearing wreaths and their best clothes, and then competitions. A priestess of the cult of Laodice was named in each city. In Nehavend, Laodice, daughter of Antiochus III and Laodice III was named the priestess of the cult of Laodice III, in order to help introduce her into her public role, and advance her position as consort and co-ruler with their son Antiochus. In Caria, Berenice, of the Telmessus dynasty was named high priestess in order to further relations between the Seleucids and local dynasties, and unify the kingdom. Other priestesses also came primarily from local dynasties and the royal family, though some historians theorise that the use of local dynasties may have been somewhat due to the fact that most Seleucid women were not available to be high priestesses, as they were involved in state marriages to neighbouring kings. Although the cult came quite a bit later than Laodice's regency, Antiochus claimed he started the cult in order to celebrate the virtue of Laodice and her piety. This has led historians to interpret the cult as a way of recognising Laodice for her management of the kingdom during the absence of the king. An alternative view is that the cult was started at a moment of weakness in the Seleucid Empire, and was useful in promoting unity throughout the empire.

Rather than include the cult in legal acts, or writing to local governors (satraps) to spread the cult, Antiochus III wrote directly to the satraps to spread the cult, such as Anaximbrotos in Phrygia and Menedemos in the east. Some historians have interpreted this as a lack of interest on the part of Antiochus III. After Antiochos’ remarriage, Antiochus ceased his efforts to further the official cult of Laodice.

Seleucus IV may have perpetuated further honours related to Laodice by associating her with the goddess Nikephoros-Aphrodite around 177 BCE, due to the relationship of Aphrodite to queens and the appearance of bronzes depicting the goddess around the possible time of Laodice's death. The royal children may have been moved to assert the sacredness of Laodice and her position as queen due to the second marriage by Antiochus.

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User talk:CooperHawkes

Welcome!

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User:GrabberBot/SandBox

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Talk:Soundtrack Pro

Usage
I've heard that Soundtrack Pro can be just as well used to record Foley sessions, add sound fx, atmosphere tracks and mix the whole thing. Shouldn't this be added to the article? Peter S. 15:07, 18 August 2005 (UTC)

No longer sold as stand-alone incorrect?
From the article: Soundtrack was first sold as stand-alone product, but due to low demand it was discontinued and is now included with Apple's Final Cut Pro.

Can someone provide a source for this sentence? Soundtrack Pro is still listed on the Apple On-line apple store a stand-alone product for $299. Thanks - Redjar 17:05, 26 September 2005 (UTC)

 * The article was originally about Apple Soundtrack, which was discontinued as a standalone product. However, when the Final Cut Studio package was released, the updated Apple Soundtrack Pro was reinstated as a full-blown product. The article was renamed but hasn't been updated with the new information. If you'd like to update the article, please see this information about discontinuation of Soundtrack and introduction of Soundtrack Pro. Aapo Laitinen 22:01, 26 September 2005 (UTC)

Is there a way....
Is there a way to add one of my songs to the page? I mean, a link that you click on? I was wanting to show what you can do with the program. If you ask me, SP is amazing.... --Moped 23:21, 24 May 2006 (UTC)
 * Yes there is, but I would advise that you put a link to a page that has the link on it, rather than linking directly to the file. Just put

An example Soundtrack Pro production or something like that. --Baryonic Being 16:43, 25 May 2006 (UTC)

What site can I put it on?? --Moped 17:11, 1 June 2006 (UTC)
 * Sorry, I for some reason thought everyone had a website. If you don't have one, then you can upload it to Wikipedia (or the Commons, if it's under a free license), but it should be in Ogg Vorbis format. You can do that conversion in Audacity. What do you use ST Pro for, by the way? --Baryonic Being 17:46, 1 June 2006 (UTC)

I use ST to create songs. I've mostly created Techno, Ind. Techno, House, Trance, and mayble a little more. :-) --Moped 00:46, 5 June 2006 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Apple Soundtrack Icon.png
Image:Apple Soundtrack Icon.png is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in Wikipedia articles constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

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Fair use rationale for Image:Soundtrack Pro Multitrack Project.png
Image:Soundtrack Pro Multitrack Project.png is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

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If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images lacking such an explanation can be deleted one week after being tagged, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot (talk) 08:07, 15 January 2008 (UTC)

External links modified
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User talk:Toffeeman~enwiki

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Renamed
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Jim Kimball

Jim Kimball is an American punk drummer. His former bands include noise-punk band Laughing Hyenas, Mule, and The Jesus Lizard, as well as The Denison/Kimball Trio (which comprised only Kimball and fellow ex-Jesus Lizard Duane Denison). Kimball and Kevin Munro left Laughing Hyenas to form Mule with Wig's P.W. Long in the early 1990s.

He is the brother of Olympic silver medalist Bruce Kimball, who was convicted of killing two boys and injuring four others in a drunk-driving incident in 1988.

title: Jim Kimball


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User talk:Simonboase

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User talk:DominicSayers

I have moved to here

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