text:
Talk:Catherine of Siena

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Attributes
Is Saint Catherine sometimes depicted holding a miniature ship, whose main sail bears the Papal coat of arms? If so, this should be added to the list of attributes in the article.

She smelled a sin?
In the Wikipedia article on skunks, a Jesuit's description of a skunk contains this phrase, "I believe the sin smelled by Saint Catherine de Sienne must have had the same vile odor."

What was this sin, what was the occasion? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 23.119.204.117 (talk) 18:16, 18 July 2016 (UTC)

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Patronage
There is an unsourced sentence in the main section of the article, paragraph 5:"She is also the patron saint of journalists, media, and all communication professions, because of her epistolary work for the papacy." However, in the "patronage" section of the side bar it lists her as the patron saint: "against fire; bodily ills; Diocese of Allentown, Pennsylvania, USA; Europe; illness; Italy; Bambang, Nueva Vizcaya, Samal, Bataan, Philippines; miscarriages; people ridiculed for their piety; sexual temptation; sick people; sickness; nurses". Earlier in the paragraph there is a sourced citation for her being the patron saint of Europe and Italy. I could find no sources online listing her as a patron saint for writers, journalists, communications professionals, etc. Is there a definitive source for this sort of thing? I think this sentence should be stricken from the article, as it pops up in the Google results instead of her actual patronages and may be misleading people. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 170.163.27.226 (talk) 16:30, 11 April 2019 (UTC)

Wiki Education assignment: Christian Ethics
— Assignment last updated by Brian (talk) 17:39, 3 April 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Catherine of Siena


text:
Talk:The Sea-Wolf

Age of Wolf Larsen
Did Jack London ever announce the age of Wolf Larsen in his book? We know Hump's age - 35, but Wolf's?  — Preceding unsigned comment added by 217.235.73.161 (talk) 20:00, 23 October 2011 (UTC)

The real Wolf Larsen
I wonder if it's legal and/or ethical for the bits about Alex McLean to be taken directly from the dust 71.230.56.225 (talk) 22:46, 25 February 2009 (UTC)

RfC: Should part of the information in the background be moved to the introduction
Should part of the information in the background be moved to the introduction? All the best, Kayau (Talk to me! See what I've done! Sign my guestbook!) 02:19, 8 July 2009 (UTC)
 * Just going by personal feel of the readability and organisation, I think they look mostly fine as they are. However, I've added to the into brief (but I think necessary) explanation of what the book is about. Gordonofcartoon (talk) 10:36, 13 July 2009 (UTC)

RfC: Is the background section lacking refs
Is the background section lacking references? All the best, Kayau (Talk to me! See what I've done! Sign my guestbook!) 02:19, 8 July 2009 (UTC)
 * Partially: I've added citation requests to those that need citation. Particularly:
 * "the autodidact sailor Wolf Larsen has been compared ..." Who by?
 * "autodidact sailor Wolf Larsen" is clearly a mistake. I've changed it to 'Van Weyden', who was an autodidact sailor as described in the book, which is surely the intention made in the first half of the sentence. Makes way more sense this way and I'm sure I've read somewhere that comparison made before, but can't remember where so the citation needed will have to remain for now.24.215.110.18 (talk) —Preceding undated comment added 22:04, 14 October 2015 (UTC)
 * "were reportedly inspirations" Who reported?
 * "London's intention in writing the The Sea-Wolf was "an attack on Nietzsche's super-man philosophy." Where's that quote from? Fixed.
 * "The novel also contains references to..." Sez who? Gordonofcartoon (talk) 10:10, 13 July 2009 (UTC)

I am planning to look for a biography of MacLean in the book fair next week. Will remove/add/cite site stuff then. Kayau  Jane Eyre  PRIDE AND PREJUDICE  les miserables 10:53, 15 July 2009 (UTC)

 * @Gordonofcartoon
 * "The novel also contains references to..." "Sez who?"
 * Well, the novel says so. It mentions by name Nietzsche, Schopenhauer, Spencer, Darwin, Omar &al. In chapter 5 Larsen's bookshelf is described: with "such names as Shakespeare, Tennyson, Poe, and De Quincey. There were scientific works, too, among which were represented men such as Tyndall, Proctor, and Darwin. Astronomy and physics were represented, and I remarked Bulfinch's »Age of Fable,« Shaw's »History of English and American Literature,« and Johnson's »Natural History« in two large volumes. Then there were a number of grammars, such as Metcalf's, and Reed and Kellogg's; and I smiled as I saw a copy of »The Dean's English.« Larsen is reading "Browning, the Cambridge Edition." --Vsop.de (talk) 11:32, 15 January 2010 (UTC)

Plot summary POV: deaths of Leach and Johnson
The plot summary on the subject of Leach and Johnson concludes "He later allows them to be lost to the sea when they attempt to flee on a hunting boat". This is strictly true as they were probably lost at sea anyway, and Wolf had promised Van Weyden to not actively harm them. But he tortures them to death: makes as if to rescue them, but keeps the Ghost out of reach, forcing them to struggle against the sea for hours before finally succumbing. This has a significant impact on Van Weyden's appraisal of Wolf. I think it deserves a more complete description. Perhaps "After they attempt to flee on a hunting boat, he tortures them further by dangling the hope of rescue just out of reach for many hours before they are finally lost to the sea". Sound good? 24.215.110.18 (talk) —Preceding undated comment added 22:21, 14 October 2015 (UTC)

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Bogdan Țăruș

Gabriel Bogdan Țăruș (born 1 August 1975 in Piatra Neamț, Neamț) is a former Romanian athlete who competed in long jump. He has, success in World Championships. His personal best is 8.29 metres, achieved in 1996. He retired in the summer of 2006.

title: Bogdan Țăruș


text:
British small press comics

British small press comics, once known as stripzines, are comic books self-published by amateur cartoonists and comic book creators, usually in short print runs, in the UK. They're comparable to similar movements internationally, such as American minicomics and Japanese doujinshi. A "small press comic" is essentially a zine composed predominantly of comic strips. The term emerged in the early 1980s to distinguish them from zines about comics. Notable artists who have had their start in British small press comics include Eddie Campbell, Paul Grist, Rian Hughes, Jamie Hewlett, Alan Martin, Philip Bond and Andi Watson.

Small press comics are traditionally sold by mail, using reviews and classified adverts, websites, email lists and word of mouth to reach an audience. There is usually one or more mail order service, commonly known as a "distro", operating in the UK. These will hold a wide range of titles and take a cut of the cover price. The two main active distros are Samu and SmallZone. They are also sold at conventions and festivals, with small groups of like-minded creators often sharing a table at a reduced rate. Specialist small press events included CAPTION in Oxford (produced from 1992 to 2017), and the UK Web & Mini Comix Thing in London (produced from 2004 to 2010). Creators will often make international links to these forms of distribution in other countries and vice versa.

Distribution into comic book stores via traditional distributors (such as Diamond) is rare. Stores will often stock titles by local creators though some, notably Gosh! in London and Page 45 in Nottingham, stock a wider range. In recent times small press titles have sold in larger bookstores such as Borders and Foyles in London.

The traditional format has been a photocopied and stapled booklet, usually at A5 size. This is similar to American minicomics, although other sizes are known. Some creators continue to produce publications in this style, emphasizing the hand-made aspect and often decorating each copy by hand. In recent years the increasing availability of digital printing has made professional printing affordable for short-run publications. Some of the spirit of small press comics can now also be found in webcomics.

Background
Traditionally, a small press publisher was simply a publisher who operated on a small scale, often with a manual printing press in-house. They produced limited print-runs of publications that larger, more commercially inclined publishers would reject.

The history of British small press comics is tied up with the underground press of the 1960s, with publications such as Oz and International Times. The British underground comix scene was led by Nasty Tales and Knockabout Comics of the 1970s, as well as the popularization of Punk zines in the late 1970s. The latter had a larger audience from cheap and accessible photocopying. This dramatic lowering of technological barriers to entry meant anyone could produce a publication with a print run, regardless of its commercial potential.

Within the British comics fandom of the 1970s and early 1980s there were many zines about comics, mainly concentrating on American superhero titles. Since high-street retailers of comics were scarce, these zines ran mail order services and relied on the postal service for distribution. The first and most famous of these was Fantasy Advertiser. There were also regular markets or "marts" which served as a social meeting place for artists and fans. This was the backbone of small press comics.

The 1970s
Among the earliest British small press comics was The Tale of Beem Gotelump. It told the story of an aging jazz musician who was tasked by the Archangel Gabriel with playing the last trumpet at the end of the world. It was created and published by Eddie Campbell under the pseudonym "Roland Bunn" in 1975.

Kevin O'Neill and co-writer Jack Adrian published Mek Memoirs in 1976. It was a 12-page "stripzine" about a robot war, which can be seen as a precursor to O'Neill's later work on 2000 AD.

Near Myths was an underground comics anthology published in Edinburgh from 1978 to 1980. It ran for five issues and featured the first professionally published work of Grant Morrison, Graham Manley, and Tony O'Donnell. It also featured the start of Bryan Talbot's seminal graphic novel The Adventures of Luther Arkwright. Teenager Grant Morrison's contribution, Gideon Stargrave, later found his way into Morrison's Vertigo series The Invisibles.

Perhaps the most successful of all British small press comics is the adult humour comic Viz, first published in Newcastle in 1979. It grew out of the punk fanzine scene, and went on to successful newsstand publication, continuing to the present day.

The 1980s
The first flowering of British small press comics centered on Fast Fiction, which began as a stall run by Paul Gravett at the bi-monthly Westminster Comic Mart in London in 1981. It later developed into an anthology, a mail order service, and a news sheet, lasting in various forms until 1990. Artists associated with this scene included Eddie Campbell, Phil Elliott, Glenn Dakin, Paul Grist, Ed Hillyer, Woodrow Phoenix, Rian Hughes, Bob Lynch, Ed Pinsent, and the teenage Warren Ellis. Campbell claims he persuaded his fellow artists to call their publications "small press comics" rather than "fanzines", after seeing the term "small press" used for similar publications at a poetry festival. Gravett and Peter Stanbury published many of the Fast Fiction artists in Escape Magazine from 1983 to 1989.

Between 1983 and 1995 Zine Zone (later Zine Zone International), a Bristol-based company specialising in mail order, comic mart service and publications, focused international attention on UK small pressers and helped a number go on to mainstream comics, including D'Israeli and Duncan Fegredo.

In 1987 Jamie Hewlett, Philip Bond and Alan Martin (then students at from Northbrook College, Worthing) produced two issues of a small press comic called Atomtan. This caught the attention of Brett Ewins, who invited them to contribute to his new comics magazine, Deadline, which began in 1988. Hewlett and Martin created the magazine's flagship character, Tank Girl, and Hewlett went on to work in animation, most notably creating the cartoon rock group Gorillaz.

The 1990s
After Ed Pinsent finished with the last incarnation of Fast Fiction, cartoonist Luke Walsh (later known as Luke Temple Walsh) and reader Mike Kidson took over their mailing list with Zum! their new review zine. The first issue appeared in August 1991. Zum! distributed copies of comics submitted to a panel of reviewers, often cartoonists themselves, who were encouraged to write critical reviews of significant length. It also featured reproductions of the comics under review. Zum! continues as a website run by Paul Schroeder. Caption, a zine-cum-APA devoted to small press comics edited by Jenni Scott, ran from 1992 to 1998, and spawned the long-running Caption small press comics convention, held annually in Oxford from 1992 to 2017.

The 1990s saw the reemergence of fanzines about comics in the Fantasy Advertiser mold. Battleground, edited by Andy Brewer, was at first mainly concerned with American superhero comics, although it also featured reviews and articles on small press comics, and interviews with the cartoonists. Vicious, edited by Pete Ashton, was more free-form, and promised to print all material submitted. Ashton also created TRS (The Review Sheet), collecting capsule reviews and contact details for small press comics, in 1995. In 1996 he set up the BugPowder distribution service, which sold any British small press comics that cared to be listed as well as importing selected books from the US and Europe. TRS was discontinued in 1998, before being revived as TRS2 by Andrew Luke. BugPowder closed as a distributor in 2000, but the BugPowder blog continued to spotlight British small press activity, including the now-online TRS2.

Slab-O-Concrete was a mail-order distributor and publisher set up by Australian pavement artist Peter Pavement and also Dave Hanna in the early 1990s. Its first title was Pavement's own Pavement Pizza, and it soon began selling British small press comics (including such titles as Time Warp: The End of the Century Club, by Ed Hillyer; Sugar Buzz by Woodrow Phoenix, and Witch by Lorna Miller) and zines on marts in Brighton and Hove, and importing books from the US, Australia, and Europe. Slab-O-Concrete developed into a full-scale publisher, repackaging small press comics for the bookshop market and originating new work. It avoided the direct market of comic shops and made connections with underground publishers, zinesters, indie record labels, and other subcultural scenes. Slab-O-Concrete ended due to cash flow issues in 2001.

Other groups included Dachshund, run by Andy, aka Andy Konky Kru, which published Graphic Reviews, a review zine featuring reviews in comic strip form by Lee Kennedy and others, and an A8-sized anthology, Itsy Bitsy. Andrew Moreton set up Massive, a small press distributor, in 1992, and also published a zine, The Comics Cut Quarterly. Psychopia, was a zine and distributor set up by cartoonist B. Patson in 1994, which still exists online. Other cartoonists sold their work through classified ads in Comics International magazine.

Notable self-published comics of the 90s included Paul Grist's Kane, Gary Spencer Millidge's Strangehaven, Sleaze Castle by Dave McKinnon and Terry Wiley, and Strange Weather Lately by Metaphrog, all of which received widespread distribution through Diamond Comic Distributors.

The 2000s
From 2000 until 2011 Metaphrog went on to produce the full-colour Louis series of graphic novels which received mainstream media attention and book shop distribution.

Recent creators to have launched through the small press include Gary Northfield, whose Derek the Sheep has gained a recurring slot in the Beano. Writer Jason Cobley, who has been self-publishing his Bulldog comics since the mid-90s, and former Bulldog Empire artist Neill Cameron, now work for The DFC and Classical Comics. Garen Ewing, who worked in small press comics in the 1990s, moved onto the web with The Rainbow Orchid, soon to be published in print by Egmont UK, and also contributes to The DFC. The Etherington Brothers (Robin and Lorenzo), creators of the small press comic Malcolm Magic, have gone on to create "Monkey Nuts" for The DFC, "Yore" for the Dandy and "Baggage" for Random House. PJ Holden, Al Ewing, Arthur Wyatt and David Baillie (comics) emerged from the small press to work for 2000 AD.

One of the current leading distros is SmallZone, founded in 1999 by Shane Chebsey, which also provides a printing service for small press creators. Chebsey and Andrew Richmond also publish comics under the Scar Comics banner. In 2006 the first Scar Comics graphic novel, Falling Sky by Ben Dickson, won "Best Indie Surprise" on Ain't It Cool News.

Another activist for British independent comics is writer/artist Barry Renshaw. Founding the Engine Comics imprint in 2000, Renshaw wrote and published the Rough Guide to Self Publishing, which is now in its fourth edition (2007) and was described as 'essential purchase for budding self-publishers' by industry paper Comics International. In 2004, Engine Comics launched Redeye Magazine, a news/reviews magazine specifically created to educate and promote small press and self-published comics to the wider public. It has been described as a 'vital read' by SFX magazine and "a must-have" by Ain't It Cool News. Other titles include Seven Sentinels and the Fusion anthology.

Accent UK, a collective headed by Dave West (Deva Comics) and Colin Mathieson (M56 Comics), was formed in 2002 and produced themed US-format anthologies featuring contributions from dozens of UK independent creators. In addition to the founding members, regular contributors to Accent UK publications include Andy Bloor, Jon H. Ayre, David Hitchcock, John Reppion and Leah Moore (daughter of Alan Moore), Bridgeen Gillespie (Mr Maximo & Rabbit), Garry Brown, and David Baillie. The 2007 anthology Zombies, included a cover by American artist Steve Bissette.

The Judge Dredd Megazine featured a regular small press spotlight section between the years of 2007 and 2009, featuring columns by Matt Badham and David Baillie and a selection of strips by creators from the small press scene.

FutureQuake Publishing was originally set up to publish the anthology comic FutureQuake. By a combination of launching new titles and taking over existing ones whose owners retire from the scene, they have built up a stable including MangaQuake, Something Wicked and Lost Property, as well as 2000AD fanzines Zarjaz and Dogbreath. Solar Wind has won numerous awards for its long-running series of parodic comics, which pastiche the style of children's comics of the 1970s. The group publishes Solar Wind, Sunny for Girls, Big War Comic, Omnivistascope and is connected to The End Is Nigh (through Solar Wind editor/writer Paul Scott and other creators).

London Underground Comics is both a weekly market stall in Camden Lock Market and a loose collective of U.K. based small press creators whose work is sold and displayed on the weekly stall. London Underground Comics was founded in November 2007 by Camden-based creator Oli Smith who co-ran the stall with the help of a variety of small press creators until 2009. LUC also ran larger one-day events that took up an additional 1000 sqft of Camden Lock Market such as No Barcodes in April 2008 and Low Energy Day in August 2008. LUC promoted their stall and events via YouTube videos.

The UK Web & Mini Comix Thing was a yearly event in London run by Patrick Findlay that brings the British small press and webcomics communities together to sell and promote their work.

Radio 4 broadcast a series on small press publishing, aired late 2009. One of the episodes focussed on small press comics, reviewing titles from both The UK and from the USA/Canada. One of the titles featured was the cult London small press comic "Eat, Drink & Be Buried."

Recent years have seen the rise of the small press both online and in print with conventions around the UK on an almost weekly basis and vibrant review platforms like Broken Frontier and Slings and Arrows supporting creators’ work.

title: British small press comics


text:
Glen Velez

Glen Velez (born 1949) is a four-time Grammy winning American percussionist, vocalist, and composer, specializing in frame drums from around the world. He is largely responsible for the increasing popularity of frame drums in the United States and around the world. Velez is married to Loire.

Biography
Of Mexican American ancestry, Velez was born in Dallas and grew up in Texas but moved to New York City in 1967. He began by playing jazz on the drums but soon gravitated to hand drums from around the world (frame drums in particular), seeking out teachers from many different musical traditions. Among the many instruments Velez favors are the Irish bodhrán, the Brazilian pandeiro, the Arabic riq, the North African bendir, and the Azerbaijani ghaval. Although these instruments are similar in construction, they have their own playing techniques. Velez has studied each instrument traditionally, but he has also developed his own cross-cultural musical vocabulary, mixing and adapting techniques from various cultures and developing new ones (such as playing the bodhrán with brushes). He has been influential in the growing international interest in frame drums, and many younger players now use his techniques. He teaches percussion and frame drums at Mannes College of Music and The Juilliard School.

He also plays other percussion instruments such as the Venezuelan maracas and steel drum, and is skilled at overtone singing and Konnakol.

Velez's compositions are frequently composed for cross-cultural ensembles in which he himself also performs; he is particularly fond of polyrhythm—superimposing different meters simultaneously.

Velez was a longtime member of the Paul Winter Consort and Steve Reich and Musicians. He has also worked with Layne Redmond, Howard Levy, Steve Gorn, Rabih Abou-Khalil, Pat Metheny, Lyle Mays, Marc Cohn, Suzanne Vega, Glen Moore, Malcolm Dalglish, and Jonas Hellborg.

Velez's students include Layne Redmond, Yousif Sheronick, Shane Shanahan, Glen Fittin, Randy Crafton, and N. Scott Robinson.

As leader

 * 1984 Handdance: Frame Drum Music (Nomad)
 * 1985 Internal Combustion (CMP)
 * 1985 Radio Iceland (Music of the World)
 * 1987 Seven Heaven (CMP)
 * 1989 Assyrian Rose (CMP)
 * 1990 Ramana (Music of the World)
 * 1992 Nafas (ECM)
 * 1993 Songs of Kabir (Interworld)
 * 1994 Border States (Interworld)
 * 1994 Doctrine of Signatures (CMP)
 * 1994 Ettna (Nomad)
 * 1994 Pan Eros (CMP)
 * 1994 Temurá (Nuba)
 * 1996 Rhythmcolor Exotica (Ellipsis Arts)
 * 1998 Rhythms of the Chakras (Sounds True)
 * 2000 Breathing Rhythms (Sounds True)
 * 2000 Kinship (Koch)
 * 2005 Elephant Hotel
 * 2005 Rhythms of Awakening
 * 2008 Rhythms Of The Chakras Volume 2
 * 2009 Glen Velez Solo
 * 2019 Sweet Season ERC 078

As sideman
With Steve Reich
 * 1978 Steve Reich: Music for 18 Musicians
 * 1980 Steve Reich: Octet; Music for a Large Ensemble; Violin Phase
 * 1985 Steve Reich: The Desert Music Steve Reich/Michael Tilson Thomas
 * 1986 Steve Reich: Sextet; Six Marimbas
 * 1998 Music for 18 Musicians
 * 2002 Steve Reich: Variations, Six Pianos Etc.
 * 2003 Steve Reich: Drumming

With Paul Winter
 * 1983 Sun Singer
 * 1985 Canyon Consort
 * 1985 Canyon
 * 1985 Concert for the Earth
 * 1987 Earthbeat
 * 1990 Earth: Voices of a Planet
 * 1992 Anthems
 * 1994 Prayer for the Wild Things
 * 1995 Man Who Planted Trees
 * 1993 Solstice Live!
 * 1993 Spanish Angel (Recorded Live in Spain)
 * 2005 Silver Solstice
 * 2007 Crestone

With Malcolm Dalglish
 * 1991 Dalglish: Hymnody of Earth
 * 1997 Pleasure
 * 2003 Carpe Diem! A Ceremony of Song

With Peter Kater
 * 1991 Homage
 * 1999 Birds of Prey
 * 2013 Heart of the Universe

With Paul Sullivan
 * 1987 Sketches of Maine
 * 1988 A Visit to the Rockies
 * 1992 Christmas in Maine

With Marc Cohn
 * 1991 Marc Cohn
 * 1993 The Rainy Season

With David Lanz
 * 1998 Songs from an English Garden
 * 2005 Spirit Romance

With Patty Larkin
 * 1993 Angels Running
 * 1995 Strangers World

With Rabih Abou-Khalil

 * 1988 Nafas (ECM)
 * 1994 Between Dusk and Dawn
 * 1994 Bukra
 * 1994 Roots & Sprouts

With others
 * 1987 New York Counterpoint, Richard Stoltzman
 * 1988 Basic Tendencies, Mike Richmond
 * 1988 Memos from Paradise, Eddie Daniels
 * 1988 Street Dreams, Lyle Mays
 * 1989 Arms Around You, Eugene Friesen
 * 1990 Days of Open Hand, Suzanne Vega
 * 1990 Strange Omen, Michael Cain
 * 1991 Angel on a Stone Wall, Paul Halley
 * 1994 Ettna, Enzo Rao
 * 1995 Ars Moriende, Jonas Hellborg
 * 1994 Rhymes With Orange, Mario Grigorov
 * 1994 Trio Globo, Trio Globo
 * 1995 Carnival of Souls, Trio Globo
 * 1995 On the Cliffs of the Heart, David Rothenberg
 * 1995 Power Lines, Ned Rothenberg
 * 1995 Istanpitta, Vol. 1: A Medieval Dance Band, New York Ensemble for Early Music
 * 1996 Istanpitta, Vol. 2: Medieval Dances, New York Ensemble for Early Music
 * 1996 Celtic Soul, Nóirín Ní Riain
 * 1996 Song of the Irish Whistle, Joanie Madden
 * 1996 Closer to Far Away, Douglas Spotted Eagle
 * 1996 Layers of Time, Reinhard Flatischler
 * 1996 Little Magic in a Noisy World, Nguyên Lê
 * 1997 Clara Ponty, Clara Ponty
 * 1997 End of the Summer, Dar Williams
 * 1997 Imaginary Day, Pat Metheny
 * 1997 One in the Pocket, Badal Roy
 * 1998 Sea of Dreams, Davy Spillane
 * 1998 Shy Angels, Sussan Deyhim
 * 2000 Madman of God, Sussan Deyhim
 * 2000 Tarantata: Dance of the Ancient Spider, Alessandra Belloni
 * 2002 Gypsy Killer, Sanda Weigl
 * 2007 Celtic Grace, Aureole Trio
 * 2015 Amaryllis, Nina Stern

Video

 * Canyon Consort, Paul Winter (A&M/Windham Hill Video, 1985)
 * Ancient Altars, New Forms, Marion Scott & Rene Olivas Gubernick (New York Public Library Dance Collection, 1986)
 * World Drums, Niv Fichman (director) (National Film Board of Canada, 1986)
 * C.O.C.A., Manuel Alum Dance Company soundtrack compilation (New York Public Library Dance Collection, 1988)
 * Drumbeats Glen Velez (REMO, 1989)
 * The Fantastic World of Frame Drums, Glen Velez (Interworld, 1990)
 * Mountain Gorilla (IMAX film, 1992), Various Artists
 * Noah and the Ark: The Classic Story of Noah's Ark, Paul Winter (Rabbit Ears Productions, 1992)
 * Hymnody of Earth (revised), Malcolm Dalglish (KET, 1993)
 * Back to Nature – Live in Zagreb, Paul Winter (Croatian TV, 1994)
 * The Snowbird Cherokees Richard Panter, (producer) soundtrack compilation (South Carolina, 1995)
 * Handance Method 1, Glen Velez (Interworld/Warner Bros., 1996)
 * Handance Method 2, Glen Velez (Interworld/Warner Bros., 1996)
 * The Selchie and the Fisherman, Malcolm Dalglish (Live Multimedia, 1997)
 * Modern Drummer Festival Weekend, Various Artists (Warner Bros., 1998)
 * Wendigo, Larry Fessenden (director) soundtrack (Magnolia Pictures, 2003)

Published scores

 * "Composed Improvisation for One-sided Drum with or without Jangles," for Glen Velez, composed by John Cage, New York Public Library Music Division Research Collection, c. early 1980s.
 * "Hymnody of Earth: A Celebration of Songs for Choir, Hammer Dulcimer, and Percussion" (Revised) composed and arranged by Malcolm Dalglish, poetry by Wendell Berry, percussion parts by Glen Velez. Published in Ft. Lauderdale by Plymouth Music Co., MDP-900, 1995.

Articles/interviews/books

 * Berendt, Joachim E. and Gunther Huesmann. The Jazz Book: From Ragtime to Fusion to Beyond. Brooklyn: Lawrence Hill Books, 1992, 6th edition, 358.
 * Blank-Edelman, David N. "Glen Velez: A Unified Approach to the Frame Drum." RhythmMusic Magazine 3, no. 8 (1994): 38-43.
 * ________. "Glen Velez: From South India to Azerbaijan, Velez Finds a Unified Approach to the Frame Drum." Percussion Source 1, no. 1 (1995): 10-12.
 * Brooks, Iris. "Global Beat: World Drum Festival." Ear: Magazine of New Music 2, no. 3 (November 1986): 8.
 * ________. "The World Drum Festival." Modern Percussionist 3, no. 1 (December/February 1986/1987): 14-17, 37, 39.
 * ________. "Meet the Composer: Glen Velez." Ear: Magazine of New Music 12, no. 6 (1987): 16-19.
 * ________. "Around the World: Glen Velez." Modern Drummer 11, no. 9 (September 1988): 76-79.
 * ________. "Glen Velez: Hands Dancing." Jazziz 8 (August 1995): 60, 61, 63, 65, 67.
 * ________. "Colors & Scents: Glen Velez Draws Inspiration From the World Around Him." Drum! 6, no. 1 (1997): 75-78.
 * ________. "Glen Velez: Embodies the Essence of Rhythm." Drum! 10, no. 2 (March/April 2001): 67-68, 70, 72, 74, 76, 132.
 * Browning, Robert (editor). "Kavkazi," in Maqam: Music of the Islamic World and its Influences. New York: Alternative Museum, 1984, 40.
 * Dalglish, Malcolm with Glen Velez. Hymnody of Earth: A Ceremony of Songs for Choir, Hammer Dulcimer and Percussion [revised]. Ft. Lauderdale: Plymouth Music, 1995.
 * Dorsey, Ed. "Ethnic Percussion: An Interview with Glen Velez." Percussive Notes 25, no. 4 (Spring 1987): 56-60.
 * Dorsey, Ed, Iris Brooks and Antonio Gentile. "Glen Velez." Percussioni 7, no. 60 (January 1996): 12-16.
 * Graham, Richard. "Glen Velez's Tambourines." Modern Percussionist 2, no. 1 (December/February 1985/1986): 48-50.
 * Johnson, Tom. "Music: The Real Tambourine Man." The Village Voice 26 (11 March 1981): 70.
 * ________. The Voice of New Music: New York City, 1972-1982: A Collection of Articles Originally Published in The Village Voice. Eindholen: Apollohuis, 1989, 469-472.
 * Kwan-uk, Hyun (photographer). "Expo '93: The Culture of Science, The Science of Culture."
 * Koreana: Korean Art and Culture (Summer 1993): 40-41 (appears in photo only – International Drum Festival 1993).
 * Li Castro, Emiliano and Fabrizio Dadò. "I tamburi a cornice di Glen Velez." Percussioni 2, no. 6 (February 1991): 36-39.
 * Lieberman, Julie Lyonn. Planet Musician: The World Music Sourcebook for Musicians. Milwaukee: Hal Leonard, 1998, 6, 68.
 * Liss, Dan. "Music: Framing a New Sound." Aquarius 4, no. 12 (1997): 14.
 * ________. "New Perspectives in Rhythms: An Interview with Glen Velez." New Age Voice 4, no. 7 (August 1998): 16, 18.
 * Moscov, Josh. "Glen Velez: Exploring Where East Meets West." Drum! 1, no. 6 (July/August 1992): 25-27.
 * Robinson, N. Scott. "Glen Velez: World Music Total." Batera & Percussão 3, no. 28 (December 1999): 30-32.
 * ________. "Glen Velez: A World of Sound in His Hands." Modern Drummer 24, no. 4 (April 2000): 72-76, 78-80, 82, 84, 86.
 * ________. The New Percussionist in Jazz: Organological and Technical Expansion. Masters Thesis, Kent State University, 2002.
 * ________. "Frame Drums and Tambourines," in Continuum Encyclopedia of Popular Music of the World, Volume Two: Performance and Production. Edited by John Shepherd, David Horn, Dave Laing, Paul Oliver, and Peter Wicke. New York: Continuum, 2003, 362-372.
 * ________. “Performing the Past, Present and Beyond: Glen Velez and Researching Frame Drum History.” Percussive Notes 51, no. 4 (July 2013): 30-34.
 * Schaefer, John. New Sounds: A Listener's Guide to World Music. New York: Harper & Row, 1987, 130, 132.
 * Sofia, Sal. "The World Drum Festival." Percussioner International 2, no. 1 (1987): 66-72.
 * Solca, Alex. "Highlights of Modern Drummer's 1998 Festival Weekend." Modern Drummer 22, no. 10 (1998): 110-111.
 * Tolleson, Robin. "Riffs: Glen Velez." DownBeat 58 (November 1991): 14.
 * Velez, Glen. "The Tambourine in Ancient Western Asia." Ear Magazine East 5, no. 5 (April/May 1980): 3.
 * ________. "A Monograph on the Frame Drum, Ancestor of our Modern Tambourine." Ear Magazine East 7, no. 3/4 (April/October 1982): 8-9.
 * ________. Handance Duets for Frame Drums. New York: Framedrum Music, 2001.
 * ________. Handance Method with Cueing and Performance Guide: An Introduction to Frame Drumming. New York: Framedrum Music, 2002.
 * ________. Bodhran Instruction Manual. New York: Frame Drum Music, 2004.
 * ________. Shakers Instruction Manual. New York: Frame Drum Music, 2004.
 * ________. Tar Instruction Manual. New York: Frame Drum Music, 2004.
 * Wentz, Brooke. "An Interview With Glen Velez." Op Magazine V (1984): 42-43.

title: Glen Velez


text: Category:Law enforcement agencies of Macau


text:
Carlos Soria

Carlos Ernesto Soria (March 1, 1949 – January 1, 2012) was an Argentine lawyer and Justicialist Party politician who served as governor of Río Negro Province from December 10, 2011, until his assassination.

Early life and career
Soria was born in Bahía Blanca in 1949, and was raised in a nearby rural town, General Daniel Cerri. His father, Ernesto Soria, was an outspoken Peronist, and was arrested shortly after the 1955 coup against President Juan Perón. Following his release several months later, the Sorias relocated to Bariloche. The elder Soria was again arrested amid a crackdown on Peronist protests during a state visit to Bariloche by U.S. President Dwight Eisenhower in March 1959, and was imprisoned in Bahía Blanca. He was released in April 1962 and the family settled in General Roca, Río Negro, where they opened a neighborhood store.

Carlos Soria enrolled at the University of Buenos Aires, earning a law degree in 1973. Elections that March returned Peronists to power, and Soria was elected to the local Justicialist Party (JP) chapter. He was later elected to the Provincial Council of the JP, and upon the return of democracy in 1983, won a seat in the Argentine Chamber of Deputies.

Tenure in Congress
Soria would be elected to Congress for four consecutive terms, becoming Chairman of the Constitutional Affairs Committee. He also served in the Justice, Impeachments, and Money Laundering committees; chaired the joint committee investigating the 1992 Israeli Embassy attack in Buenos Aires and the 1994 AMIA bombing (the two most significant acts of Islamic terrorism in Argentine history); and served in the Council of Magistracy of the Nation.

Soria shared President Carlos Menem's opposition to trials opened in 1996 in Spanish courts against Dirty War perpetrators by Judge Baltasar Garzón, and personally led a delegation to protest these trials; when Judge Garzón turned the tables on the delegation by calling them to testify, they returned, however, creating an embarrassing diplomatic incident. He later presented a bill to restrict rights and toughen sentences for those accused of violent crime, as well as another which would have granted congressional immunity to all members in perpetuity; both bills were defeated.

Soria would later be indicted for obstruction of justice in his capacity as Chair of the Joint Committee on the AMIA bombing, and though he was cleared of all charges, the Río Negro PJ dropped him from their party list ahead of the 1999 elections. Soria was then offered a place in the Buenos Aires Province PJ list for Congress by Governor Eduardo Duhalde. Shortly before the October 1999 elections, moreover, Duhalde appointed Soria as Provincial Minister of Justice. His appointment took place on the heels of the September 16 Ramallo massacre, a botched Provincial Police intervention during an armed bank robbery that resulted in the deaths of two hostages. Soria promptly released hitherto sequestered police files relating to the case which confirmed that the robbery, as well as the deaths of all robbers and hostages alike, had been orchestrated by Provincial Police officers.

Remaining on the electoral list for National Deputies, Soria took his seat in Congress in December representing the Province of Buenos Aires. He became among the leading congressional opponents of President Fernando de la Rúa's austerity package, scuttling a 2000 decree which would have cut public sector salaries (this ultimately took place the following year). President de la Rúa's resignation in December 2001, and the subsequent Congressional designation of Duhalde as provisional president resulted in Soria's appointment as Secretary of State Intelligence (SIDE) in January 2002.

Tenure at State Intelligence
Taking office, as President Duhalde did, amid widespread protest, Soria's tenure at SIDE would eventually be marred by a June 26 incident in which two piqueteros, Maximiliano Kosteki and Darío Santillán, were shot in the back in Avellaneda by Provincial Police officers. SIDE had produced intelligence reports stating that the overthrow of the national government had been openly advocated in piqueteros' assemblies, and that these were attended by the extremist group Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC). Phone conversations between minutes before the assassinations between a policeman implicated in the incident and the Undersecretary of Intelligence at the time, Oscar Rodríguez, proved SIDE involvement in the tragedy in subsequent trials.

Fallout from this incident was compounded by allegations made by Senator Cristina Fernández de Kirchner that SIDE personnel were spying on her husband, Santa Cruz Governor Néstor Kirchner, who had recently declared his intention to run for President the following year. These controversies, and Soria's own plans to run for Governor of the Province of Río Negro, prompted his resignation from SIDE in July. He was narrowly defeated in provincial elections in August 2003 by UCR candidate Miguel Saiz, though in elections held later in 2003, Soria narrowly won the election for mayor of the city of General Roca (the largest in the province). Duhalde and Soria continued to face charges in court related to the 2002 deaths. Soria declared at trial in 2005 that "democracy works with order, and we needed to establish order"; both men were cleared of all charges.

Return to Río Negro
Soria was overwhelmingly reelected as mayor of General Roca in 2007, garnering 73% of the vote. He clinched the Justicialist Party nomination for Governor of Río Negro in 2011, and ran with the support of the Front for Victory (FpV) faction of the party despite his long-standing alliance with the FpV's main rival, Duhalde. Soria's principal opponent in the race, UCR nominee César Barbeito, also professed his support of the FpV's standard-bearer, President Cristina Kirchner. The president formally endorsed Soria despite their past differences, however, while maintaining her distance from both candidates. Soria was elected governor in September with 51% of the vote, besting Barbeito by nearly 14%.

Death
Soria died on January 1, 2012, during the new year celebrations with his family at his farm near General Roca. He was shot in the face with a .38 caliber weapon at around 5 am, and was moved immediately to a nearby hospital, where he died minutes later. The police did not determine initially whether the death was caused by an accident or foul play; his wife was held for further questioning. He received a private funeral. His widow was charged with first-degree murder on January 19, 2012.

Vice-governor Alberto Weretilneck succeeded Soria as governor. Weretilneck considered calling new elections, despite provisions in the Constitution of Río Negro Province that would allow him to complete the remainder of Soria's term. He however chose not to call new elections and was reelected in 2015.

title: Carlos Soria


text: File:Hampton roads admirals 200x200.png

title: File:Hampton roads admirals 200x200.png


text:
Yugoslav dinar

The dinar was the currency of Yugoslavia. It was introduced in 1920 in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, which was replaced by the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, and then the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. The dinar was subdivided into 100 para.

One of the successor states to former Yugoslavia, the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, continued to use the same name for its currency until 2003, though Montenegro stopped exclusively using it in 1999 and moved away from it in 2000.

In the early 1990s, economic mismanagement made the government bankrupt and forced it to take money from the savings of the country's citizens. Following the breakup of Yugoslavia, this caused severe and prolonged hyperinflation in the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, which has been described as the worst in history. Large amounts of money were printed, with coins becoming redundant and inflation rates reaching over one billion per cent per year. This hyperinflation caused five revaluations between 1990 and 1994; in total there were eight distinct dinari. Six of the eight have been given distinguishing names and separate ISO 4217 codes. The highest denomination banknote was 500 billion dinars, which became worthless a fortnight after it was printed.

1920–41: dinars of the Yugoslav Kingdom
Until 1918, the dinar was the currency of Serbia. It then became the currency of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, circulating alongside the krone in Croatia, Slovenia and Bosnia and Herzegovina, with 1 dinar = 4 kronen. The first coins and banknotes bearing the name of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes were issued in 1920, until which time Serbian coins and banknotes circulated. In 1929, the name of the country changed to the Kingdom of Yugoslavia and this was reflected on the currency.

In 1931, an exchange rate of 56.4 dinara to the U.S. dollar was set, which changed to 44 dinara in 1933. In 1937, a tourist exchange rate of 250 dinara to the British pound was established.

World War II (1941–45)
In 1941, Yugoslavia was invaded and split up, with the dinar remaining currency in Territory of the Military Commander in Serbia (as Serbian dinar). The kuna was introduced in Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina (Independent State of Croatia) at par with the dinar, whilst the Bulgarian lev, Italian lira and German Reichsmark circulated in those part of Yugoslavia occupied by these countries.

1945–65: Federation dinar (YUF)
In 1945, as Yugoslavia began to be reconstituted, the Yugoslav dinar replaced the Serbian dinar, Independent State of Croatia kuna and other occupation currencies, with the rates of exchanged being 1 Yugoslav dinar = 20 Serbian dinara = 40 kuna.

Yugoslavia was a founding member of the International Monetary Fund. At the time, other Communist countries avoided signing up to it. The dinar was initially pegged to the US dollar at a rate of 50 dinars to the dollar. By 1955, the peg had been depreciated to 300 dinars to the dollar, but this was only applicable to a limited number of transactions. For the vast majority of transactions, a system of multiple exchange rates with differing levels of government intervention applied. Depending on the transaction the system offered over 200 different exchange rates ranging from 600 or so dinars to the dollar to over 1,150. This multiple exchange rate system was abolished in 1961 and replaced with a single pegged rate of 750 dinars to the dollar.

1966–89: Hard dinar (YUD)
On 1 January 1966, the first of five revaluations took place, at a ratio of 100 to 1.

The revalued currency was initially pegged to the US dollar at a rate of 12.50 dinars to the dollar. In late 1971, this was revised to 17 dinars to the dollar. Following the Nixon Shock, Yugoslavia adopted a market exchange rate system. A foreign exchange market was established in Belgrade in which only banks could participate; this set the exchange rates for the entire country. This allowed the dinar to float (or perhaps more accurately, sink) more or less freely. Under this system, the exchange rate reached about 29 dinars to the dollar in 1981, 127 dinars to the dollar by 1984, and 457 dinars to the dollar by 1987.

Yugoslavia's chronic inflation was poorly managed. The hyperinflation in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia became a serious problem in the 1980s. Between 1971 and 1991, Yugoslavia's annualized inflation was 76 percent. Only Brazil and Zaire had higher levels of inflation.

The large denomination coins were struck in nickel brass.

1990–92: Convertible dinar (YUN)
The second revaluation took place on 1 January 1990, at a ratio of 10,000 to 1. During this period, the constituent republics began to leave the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. Four of the six republics declared independence and issued their own currencies shortly after, and the breakup of Yugoslavia was recognized by the international community at the turn of 1992. This was the last dinar that bore the coat of arms and the name of the "Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia" in multiple languages.

Serbian enclaves in Bosnia and Herzegovina and in occupied territories in Croatia also issued currencies in dinar, equivalent to and revalued together with the Yugoslav dinar. These were the Krajina dinar and the Republika Srpska dinar.

July 1992 – September 1993: Reformed dinar (YUR)
In the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, which consisted of the remaining republics of Serbia and Montenegro, the third revaluation took place on 1 July 1992, at a ratio of 10 to 1. Hyperinflation in the country began during this currency's period of circulation. The sanctions against the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, instituted over the course of 1992, seriously impacted its economy. People started to use foreign hard currency, such as Deutsche Marks, to mitigate some of the problems of hyperinflation.

October–December 1993 dinar (YUO)
Yugoslavia re-denominated the dinar for the fourth time on 1 October 1993, at a ratio of 1 million to 1. This did not mitigate the hyperinflation, and the 1993 dinar (ISO 4217 code: YUO) lasted for only three months.

Coinage became redundant. The 1993 dinar had the largest denomination out of all incarnations of Yugoslav currency: the banknote, featuring Jovan Jovanović Zmaj had a face value of 500 billion ($1/100$) dinara (right). Wages became worthless; if paid in cash, workers had to rush out and spend their wages before they lost their value overnight. Many businesses started to pay wages in goods instead, and a simple barter system developed. Businesses with good connections to politicians could still get access to hard currency. Some shops, instead of rewriting their prices several times a day, started pricing goods in "bods" (points), often equivalent to hard currency such as one Deutschmark. The winter of 1993 was particularly hard for pensioners; if a monthly pension was spent immediately, it was still barely enough to buy three litres of milk. Many people relied on connections to friends and family abroad (who could provide hard currency) or in the countryside (who could grow food).

1994 dinar (YUG)
Yugoslavia re-denominated the dinar for the fifth time on 1 January 1994, at a ratio of 1 billion ($5$) to 1.

The 1994 dinar (ISO 4217 code: YUG) was the shortest-lived out of all incarnations of Yugoslav currency, as hyperinflation continued to intensify, and only one coin (1 dinar) was issued for it. Towards the end of the 1994 dinar, the National Bank overprinted and reissued 10 million dinara banknotes from the 1992 dinar (right).

1994–2003: Novi dinar (YUM)
On 24 January 1994, the novi dinar (nominative plural: novi dinari, Cyrillic script: нови динар, нови динари; genitive plural: novih dinara, Cyrillic: нових динара; novi means new) was introduced. This was not a revaluation of the dinar. Instead, the novi dinar was pegged at par to the Deutsche Mark. On the day of the introduction of the novi dinar, the exchange rate of the previous dinar to the Deutsche Mark, and, hence, to the novi dinar, was approximately 1 DM = 13 million dinara. Despite not being pegged to the newest currency, the previous dinar did not fall further in value, remaining at about 12 million "1994" dinar to the novi dinar. The overall impact of the hyperinflation was that 1 novi dinar equalled approximately 1.2 third (hard) dinara from before 1990, 1.2 Federation dinara, or 2.4 pre-war dinara. The "novi" portion of the name was abandoned in 2000.

In 2003, as Yugoslavia became the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro, the Yugoslav dinar in the constituent Republic of Serbia was replaced by the Serbian dinar (CSD) at par.

Replacement of the dinar
On 6 November 1999, Montenegro decided that, besides the Yugoslav dinar, the Deutsche Mark would also be an official currency. On 13 November 2000, the dinar was dropped in Montenegro and the Deutsche Mark (by that time defined in terms of the euro) became the only currency there. Deutsche Mark ceased to be a legal tender in Germany and was physically replaced by the euro on January 1, 2002, which is also when Montenegro unilaterally adopted the euro, though it does not mint it.

In 2003, after the creation of Serbia and Montenegro, the dinar, by then only used in Serbia, was replaced by the Serbian dinar. In practice, the introduction of the Serbian dinar functioned as a name change with their values being at par and maintaining essentially the same banknote and coin designs except for the name of the state. Old Yugoslav banknotes remained in official use in parallel with the new Serbian notes until January 1, 2007, and old banknotes could be exchanged for new ones with services provided by the National Bank of Serbia until the end of 2012.

1920 dinar
In 1920, the first coins were minted in the name of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes. They were zinc 5 and 10 para and nickel-bronze 25 para. These were followed, in 1925, by nickel-bronze 50 para, 1 and 2 dinara. From 1931, coins were minted in the name of Yugoslavia, starting with silver 10 and 20 dinara, followed by silver 50 dinara in 1932. In 1938, aluminium-bronze 50 para, 1 and 2 dinara, nickel 10 dinara and reduced size, silver 20 and 50 dinara were introduced. These were the last coins issued before the Second World War.

1945 dinar
In 1945, zinc 50 para, 1, 2 and 5 dinara were introduced, followed in 1953 by aluminium coins for the same denominations. In 1955, aluminium-bronze 10, 20 and 50 dinara were added.

1966 dinar
In 1966, brass 5, 10, 20 and 50 para, and cupro-nickel 1 dinar coins (dated 1965) were introduced. In 1971, nickel-brass 2 and 5 dinara were introduced, followed by cupro-nickel 10 dinara in 1976. Production of 5, 10 and 20 para coins ceased in 1981, with bronze 25 and 50 para being introduced the following year. Nickel-brass 20, 50 and 100 dinara were introduced in 1985 and production of all coins less than 10 dinara stopped the next year. In 1988, brass 10, 20, 50 and 100 dinara were introduced. These four coins were issued until 1989.

1990 dinar
In 1990, coins for 10, 20 and 50 para, 1, 2 and 5 dinara were introduced. The highest two denominations were minted in small numbers in 1992, the other denominations having ceased production in 1991.

1992 dinar
Coins were issued for this currency in 1992 in denominations of 1, 2, 5, 10 and 50 dinara. The 1, 2 and 5 dinara were bronze, whilst the 10 and 50 dinara were nickel-brass. The coins bore the state title "Yugoslavia" (Jugoslavija in the Latin alphabet and Југославија in Cyrillic) in its simplest form without any modifier.

1993 dinar
Coins were issued in 1993 in denominations of 1, 2, 5, 10 and 50 dinara struck in nickel-brass, and 100 dinara struck in brass. Brass 500 dinara coins were also struck but not issued, most being remelted. The design of these coins was similar to that of coins of the fifth dinar, except that the sixth dinar coins bore the state title "FR Yugoslavia" (SR Jugoslavija in Latin and СР Југославија in Cyrillic).

1994 dinar
Only one coin type was struck for this short-lived currency, a brass 1 dinar.

Novi dinar
In 1994, brass 1 and 5 para, and nickel-brass 10 and 50 para, and 1 novi dinar were introduced. In 2000 the word novi was dropped from the currency and new, brass 50 para, 1, 2 and 5 dinara coins were introduced.

title: Yugoslav dinar


text:
Talk:British small press comics

This seems to be a legitimate topic, but when I read it, I feel as if I've been thrown into the deep end of the pool. It could do with a little more meat towards the beginning. Enochlau 11:09, 2 September 2005 (UTC)

 * I know what you mean. I keep drafting stuff and getting nowhere. Pinning down the specifics with no POV is really tricky, but there's a lot to be said. Thanks for the initial start - I'm sure we can slowly evolve something!

 * There's a good book by Roger Sabin, Below Critical Radar, which gives an overview of the scene but I'm gone and mislaid my copy. If it doesn't turn up I'll have to get a new one but if anyone has it to hand I reckon it'd be invaluable to build a framework. Peteashton 00:44, 3 September 2005 (UTC)

Framework set
Okay, I've set out a pretty major framework.

My main concern is that this is bordering on Original research. I don't think it is but since I have been heavily involved in the subject for the last 15 years I can't be certain. If there are areas that stink of it, please let me know and I'll try and back them up.

That aside I've concentrated on historical aspects so material on current events would be good. Also perhaps a section on significant small press comics, though this would have to be very selective. Possibly just anthologies of note?

It also no doubt needs a good proof reading...

Peteashton 05:48, 14 September 2005 (UTC)

 * Would it be worth drawing up a list on the page? I have been nodling away on things like FutureQuake, The End Is Nigh, Pony School, Commercial Suicide, etc. and also possibly something on the people as I did Edward Berridge and Arthur Wyatt. Such lists would also be handy for dropping in entries that need doing. Just a thought anyway. Good work so far - I wouldn't worry about it coming across as original research if you stick to the facts. (Emperor 18:40, 12 May 2006 (UTC))

 * My only concerns about listing titles, both old and new, is keeping it manageable and that old "notability" chestnut. There are hundreds of thousands of small press titles out there and all them are important to someone. That said, Anthologies are a good touchstone as they imply a reasonable number of people consider them worthy. Perhaps a seperate article is needed?

 * I should also add that this is no longer an area I'm active in so I won't be doing much work on this article, though I will be keeping tabs on the edits. If anyone else wants to move it forward, go for it! Peteashton 21:12, 12 May 2006 (UTC)

panelhouse PanelHouse wasnt there a really great zine with this name? sorry my collection is stored at my mums house Vizpooter 16:19, 1 December 2006 (UTC) ps Battleground got notability!! vizpooter

Rewrite
My attention was drawn to this article by Eddie Campbell's rather indignant blog post a few days ago, and I found a rather incohent article largely consisting of lists and weblinks, and lots and lots of redundancy. I've rewritten it the article as prose on a basically chronological basis, but it still consists of way too many promotional links, and still needs plenty of work. --Nicknack009 (talk) 22:11, 3 November 2008 (UTC)

External links modified
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title: Talk:British small press comics


text:
William Goodhue Perley

William Goodhue Perley (June 4, 1820 – April 1, 1890) was a Canadian businessman and member of the House of Commons of Canada from 1887 to 1890.

He was born in Enfield, New Hampshire in 1820. His emigrant ancestor was Allan Perley. During the 1840s, he established a lumber business based on timber from northern New York. As high quality wood became harder to find, Perley and his partner, Gordon B. Pattee, decided to relocate to the Ottawa Valley and established sawmills near Ottawa supplying wood to the United States. With other timber interests, in 1866, he helped establish the Ottawa City Passenger Railway Company, a system of horse-drawn trams, which provided transportation for people but also moved lumber from the sawmills to ships and trains. Perley, with J.R. Booth and others, helped develop railways in the region, including the Canada Atlantic Railway and the Ottawa, Arnprior & Parry Sound Railway.

He failed in an attempt to become the Liberal-Conservative Party candidate for Ottawa City in 1882, but was later elected as a Conservative in the same riding in 1887.

Although his business had originally benefited from reciprocal trade agreements between Canada and the United States, later in life, he supported protective tariffs to help develop the economy of Canada.

Perley died in Ottawa in 1890 while still in office.

title: William Goodhue Perley


text:
Carlos Becerra (politician)

Carlos Ernesto Becerra is an Argentine Radical Civic Union politician.

On October 23, 2000, Becerra became Secretary General of the Presidency under President Fernando de la Rúa. Shortly afterwards he was appointed by de la Rúa as Secretary of Intelligence from 2000 to 2001 to replace the previous Secretary, Fernando De Santibañes.

title: Carlos Becerra (politician)


text:
Rickie Lee Jones (album)

Rickie Lee Jones is the debut studio album by American singer-songwriter Rickie Lee Jones, released on February 28, 1979 by Warner Bros. Records.

Background
Jones had begun playing live in the Los Angeles area at the age of 21, and after meeting singer-songwriter Alfred Johnson, the pair began writing and performing live together (most notably at the Ala Carte club.) Two of their collaborations, "Weasel and the White Boys Cool" and "Company," would later be recorded for Jones' debut album. She also sang jazz standards, as well as a song penned by her father ("The Moon Is Made of Gold") in her live sets.

Jones' performances around Los Angeles aroused interest from other local songwriters, as well as local record company executives. At a label showcase, Jones performed originals, including "Chuck E.'s in Love", "The Real Thing Is Back in Town" and "The Moon Is Made of Gold." This showcase performance, plus a demo containing "The Last Chance Texaco", "Easy Money", "Young Blood" and "After Hours" led to a record deal with Warner Bros. For her major label debut, Jones scrapped "The Real Thing Is Back in Town," but used the titular line in one of the album's tracks – "Coolsville."

Recording sessions (which began in September 1978) yielded eleven songs for inclusion on an album. Two of the songs – "On Saturday Afternoons in 1963" and "After Hours" – were recorded live on December 22, 1978.

Cover image
The album cover photo was taken by Norman Seeff, and the art direction and design was by Mike Salisbury.

Reception
A retrospective review from AllMusic stated; "With her expressive soprano voice employing sudden alterations of volume and force, and her lyrical focus on Los Angeles street life, Rickie Lee Jones comes on like the love child of Laura Nyro and Tom Waits on her astounding self-titled debut album that simultaneously sounds like a synthesis of many familiar styles and like nothing that anybody's ever done before."

The lead single "Chuck E.'s in Love" peaked at No. 4 on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100, while the album peaked at No. 3 on the Billboard 200. The album was further promoted by a performance on Saturday Night Live in April 1979, where she performed "Chuck E.'s in Love" and "Coolsville". A second single, "Young Blood", peaked at No. 40 on the Billboard Hot 100 in late 1979. The album was certified Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America on August 7, 1979, for sales of one million copies. The album was also certified Silver in the UK and 2x Platinum in Australia.

Track listing
Credits adapted from the album's liner notes. All tracks written by Rickie Lee Jones, except tracks 9 and 10, co-written by Alfred Johnson.

Side one

 * 1) "Chuck E.'s in Love" – 3:28
 * 2) "On Saturday Afternoons in 1963" – 2:31
 * 3) "Night Train" – 3:14
 * 4) "Young Blood" – 4:04
 * 5) "Easy Money" – 3:16
 * 6) "The Last Chance Texaco" – 4:05

Side two

 * 1) "Danny's All-Star Joint" – 4:01
 * 2) "Coolsville" – 3:49
 * 3) "Weasel and the White Boys Cool" – 6:00
 * 4) "Company" – 4:40
 * 5) "After Hours (Twelve Bars Past Goodnight)" – 2:13

Personnel

 * Rickie Lee Jones – vocals, keyboards, percussion, guitar, backing vocals, horn arrangements
 * Dr. John – keyboards
 * Michael McDonald – backing vocals
 * Randy Newman – synthesizer
 * Victor Feldman – percussion, drums, keyboards
 * Tom Scott – horns
 * Ralph Grierson – keyboards
 * Michael "Bobby" Boddicker – synthesizer
 * Red Callender – bass
 * Nick DeCaro – accordion; orchestral arrangements on "On Saturday Afternoons in 1963", "Night Train" and "After Hours"
 * Buzz Feiten – guitar
 * Chuck Findley – horns
 * Steve Gadd – drums
 * Randy Kerber – keyboards
 * Neil Larsen – keyboards
 * Arno Lucas – backing vocals
 * Johnny Mandel – orchestral arrangements on "Coolsville" and "Company"
 * Andy Newmark – drums
 * Jeff Porcaro – drums
 * Leslie Smith – backing vocals
 * Mark Stevens – drums, percussion
 * Fred Tackett – guitar, mandolin
 * Joe Turano – backing vocals
 * Ernie Watts – horns
 * Willie Weeks – Fender bass
 * Matthew Weiner – backing vocals
 * Technical
 * Penny Ringwood – production assistant
 * Lee Herschberg, Loyd Clifft – engineer
 * Roger Nichols, Tom Knox – additional engineering
 * Mike Salisbury – art direction, cover design
 * Norman Seeff – cover photography

title: Rickie Lee Jones (album)


text:
Projekt 206FM-class minehunter

The Project 206FM class (NATO reporting name: "Krogulec"-class), originally designated Project 206F, were mine-countermeasure vessels of the Polish Navy built during the mid-1960s.

Class history
The twelve ships of this class were built at the Komuny Paryskiej Shipyard in Gdynia as coastal minesweepers Project 206F class, and served as the 9th Coastal Defence Flotilla at Hel. Most of the class were decommissioned by the early 1990s, though three were modernised around 2000, and remain in service as minehunters (their designation was changed to Project 206FM for Modernized). Last ship war retired from service on 8 December 2021.

Ships
The 12 ships in the class were:

title: Projekt 206FM-class minehunter


text:
Miguel Ángel Toma

Miguel Ángel Toma (born September 18, 1949) is an Argentine Justicialist Party politician.

Biography
Toma earned degrees in philosophy and theology at the San Miguel campus of the Jesuit Universidad del Salvador. He was an early supporter of Antonio Cafiero's Peronist Renewal faction within the Justicialist Party, and was elected to the Argentine Chamber of Deputies for the City of Buenos Aires in 1985. He served in the defense and security committees. His party list lost the 1997 congressional primaries to Daniel Scioli's, however, who enjoyed the support of President Carlos Menem, and Toma consequently left Congress. Supported by close Menem adviser José Luis Manzano, Toma was appointed Secretary of Security by Menem in 1998.

Amid political crisis of December 2001, Toma was appointed Minister of Justice, Interior, Defense and Human Rights, holding all roles concurrently for just 48 hours. He was subsequently named president of the Buenos Aires Province chapter of the Justicialist Party.

Toma was the Secretary of Intelligence of Argentina from July 2002 to 2003. He was appointed by then President Eduardo Duhalde to replace the previous Secretary, Carlos Soria, following the assassination of two left-wing agitators in Avellaneda. During his tenure, the final report on the AMIA bombing was published to the judicial branch and foreign intelligence services, but would remain classified to the general public.

Toma was brought on as a campaign adviser to Buenos Aires Mayor Mauricio Macri in the latter's putative 2011 campaign for the presidency.

title: Miguel Ángel Toma


text:
User talk:Vahid83

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! --R.Koot 11:10, 2 September 2005 (UTC)
 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
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What are you planning on doing with the MegaTexture article, as it stands now it is a candidate for speedy deletion? Cheers, --R.Koot 11:10, 2 September 2005 (UTC)

Final warning on vandalism of 7th generation template
At this point, after the full discussions on the talk page on the issue of Zeebo, your continued edits are considered dissruptive and vandalism. If you continue to pursue your edits against consensus, the appropriate actions and filings will be taken, which may result in the blocking of your IP for a period of time. --Marty Goldberg (talk) 21:33, 17 June 2010 (UTC)

 * Why it's there has already been adequately discussed on the discussion page for the template as already mentioned. --Marty Goldberg (talk) 21:48, 17 June 2010 (UTC)

Disambiguation link notification for August 7
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title: User talk:Vahid83


text:
User:RealWingus/BJAODN

On the odd occassion, I may add some non-destructive nonsense to some pages. I am clever. Here is an archive of nonsense that I have added.

From St. Lunatics
They were formed in 1993 and came out with their local hit "Give Me Your Material Possessions."

From I Can't Believe It's Not Butter

 *  I can't believe it's not a hyperlink.

title: User:RealWingus/BJAODN


text: Category:British small press comics

title: Category:British small press comics


text:
Manas Kumar Mandal

Manas K Mandal is a cognitive neuropsychologist serving as the distinguished visiting professor at Indian Institute of Technology – Kharagpur.

Research areas
Mandal specializes in the areas of neuropsychology and cognitive sciences. His research interests areas include hemispheric lateralization and affective architecture of the brain. He has been mentioned in 14 books and over 100 research papers in international and Indian journals of high repute.

Career
Mandal holds a Ph.D. degree from Calcutta University and started his career as lecturer at Banaras Hindu University in 1983. Mandal completed his postdoctoral research at the University of Delaware as a Fulbright Fellow from 1986 to 1987. He also studied at the University of Waterloo as an International Scientific Exchange Awardee and as an Indo-Canadian Shastri Fellow from 1993 to 1994.

Mandal was a professor of psychology at the Indian Institute of Technology-Kharagpur till 2003. He joined the Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO) in 2004 as the director – Defense Institute of Psychological Research and remained there for nine years before he took over as the chief-controller R&D of Life Sciences. Thereafter Mandal became distinguished scientist and director-general (LS), DRDO. Mandal was also a visiting professor at Kyushu University in Japan in 1997 and from 2010 to 2011; a Fulbright Visiting Lecturer at Harvard University, 2003; and a visiting Fulbright-Nehru professor at the University of Pennsylvania. Currently, he serves as the distinguished visiting professor at Indian Institute of Technology – Kharagpur. He is also an adjunct professor at the National Institute of Advanced Studies, IISc campus, in Bangalore. He is also an honorary professor at Sri Sri University's Faculty of Contemplative and Behavioural Sciences

Fellowships and awards
Mandal has received various research fellowships and awards at national and international levels for his work. In 2005, Mandal and his team were given away 'Agni Award for Excellence in self-reliance' for the contribution towards the development of 'Computerized Pilot Selection System' for Air Force. For his overall contribution to psychological sciences, he was elected as the Fellow of National Association of Psychology in India in 2012; and for his contribution to Military Psychology, he was given away the ‘Technology Leadership Award’ by the Defense Minister of India and the 'Scientist of the Year' award by the prime minister of India in 2006 (DRDO). Some of the other awards he has been given include:

 * Indo-Canadian Shastri fellowship
 * Natural Sciences & Engineering Research Council of Canada award
 * Fulbright fellowship
 * Seymour Kety award
 * German Academic Exchange (DAAD) fellowship
 * Career Award, U.G.C.
 * Young Scientist Award, ISCA
 * National Association of Medical Sciences Award
 * DRDO Spin-off Technology Award
 * Fulbright-Nehru Fellow
 * Technology Leadership Award

title: Manas Kumar Mandal


text:
Chester Hill

Chester Hill, a suburb of Sydney, located 25 kilometres west of the Sydney central business district, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Chester Hill is mostly in the City of Canterbury-Bankstown, with a minor part in the northeast in the Cumberland Council local government area. Part of Western Sydney, Chester Hill shares the postcode of 2162 with the neighbouring suburb of Sefton, to the east.

History
An early market garden and orchard area north-west of Bankstown, it developed into a residential and light industrial area after the Regents Park railway line came through in 1924. The construction site of the station was known as Boroya, an Aboriginal word of unknown meaning, but when the station opened on 8 October 1924, it carried the name Chester Hill.

A local resident, Miss H. A. McMillan first suggested that the new railway station should be called Hillcrest (after an estate near Regent's Park), but many objections were raised and the name was discarded. Miss McMillan then suggested Hillchester, after the quaint town of Chester in England, but this also was not well received by the community. Suggesting yet another name, McMillian recommended Chester Hill which was received far better than her previous suggestions.

The area that became Chester Hill was originally the southern part of John Thomas Campbell's Campbell Hill estate, which covered 1000 acre in 1815 between Parramatta, Liverpool and Woodville Roads. Much of this land remained undeveloped until the first subdivision was made in the 1920s when the first shops were also built. The post office opened in July 1934, and the first public school in January 1945.

A significant tract of land between Priam and Hector Streets had been occupied by the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) from the 1960s. This area was used for accommodation and mess facilities for the nearby 2 Stores Depot (Regents Park) and the Ground Equipment Maintenance Squadron (Villawood). These properties were disposed of and subsequently acquired first by the Southern Cross Bible College and then by Salamah (Muslim) College.

Commercial area
Chester Square in Chester Hill is the main shopping centre, catering for the catchment of Chester Hill, Sefton, Birrong and Bass Hill, and directly situated behind the main road of Waldron Road. Amenities in the suburb include the Chester Hill branch of the Bankstown City Library, Chester Hill Fire Station and a community centre.

Transport

 * Chester Hill railway station is on the Main Southern railway line.
 * Bus links to Parramatta and Bankstown

Schools
There are five schools in Chester Hill: Chester Hill Public School and Chester Hill North Public School, which cater for Years K-6, Chester Hill High School catering for Years 7–12, Sefton High School which is a partially selective high school also catering for Years 7-12 and Salamah College (sister school of Al Amanah College) established in 2012.

Parks and recreation
Parks in Chester Hill include Campbell Hill Reserve, Everley Park, Nugent Park, the Terry Lamb Complex, which incorporates Frank Bamfield Oval, and Abbott Park which is home to the Chester Hill Youth Cricket Club and Chester Hill Hornets Junior Rugby league Club. Recreational amenities also include an RSL Club, bowling club and community garden.

Churches
Churches in the suburb include St John Mark's Parish Church (Anglican), Proctor Parade (that replaced St Mark's Church, Chester Hill and St John's Church, Sefton), Immaculate Heart of Mary Roman Catholic Church, Proctor Parade (Sefton – but including Chester Hill within its parish), Hope Central Church (formerly Priam, now Christina Road) Campbell Hill Road, St Columba's Presbyterian Church, Baptist Church (both in Priam Street) and Hope Harvest Centre: Christian Mission Fellowship.

Demographics
According to the 2016 census, there were 12,814 residents in Chester Hill. 50.7% of people were born in Australia. The next most common countries of birth were Vietnam 9.9%, Lebanon 7.1%, China 4.1%, New Zealand 1.7% and Iraq 1.4%. In Chester Hill 32.9% of people spoke only English at home. Other languages spoken at home included Arabic 23.3%, Vietnamese 12.1%, Cantonese 4.5%, Mandarin 4.1% and Italian 1.1%. The most common responses for religion were Islam 27.1%, Catholic 20.1%, No Religion 13.3% and Buddhism 10.7%. The median household weekly income in Chester Hill was $1,125, lower than the national median of $1,438.

Chester Hill is officially the gun capital of Sydney, with one registered firearm for every 3.8 residents according to 2015 police data.

Notable residents

 * Christian Heim – composer and medical researcher who grew up in Chester Hill
 * Terry Lamb – former professional rugby league footballer with the Canterbury-Bankstown Bulldogs and Australian Test side
 * Rebecca Rippon – Australian women's water polo player and 2008 Beijing Olympic Games bronze medallist
 * Melissa Rippon – Australian women's water polo player winner of a 2008 and 2012 Olympic Games bronze medal
 * Ivan Milat – serial killer known for the Backpacker Murders
 * Michael McCann (field hockey) – Australian Men's hockey Olympic gold medal (2004 Athens)

Politics
Chester Hill is part of the City of Canterbury-Bankstown. The area to the north of the pipeline is part of the Cumberland Council. For state elections, Chester Hill is split between the electorates of Bankstown and Auburn. Federally, it lies in the division of Blaxland.

title: Chester Hill


text:
Chullora

Chullora, a suburb in the City of Canterbury-Bankstown local government area, is located 15 kilometres west of the Sydney central business district, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. It is part of the Greater Western Sydney region. The suburb is entirely industrial and commercial, and in the 2021 census recorded a population of 14.

History
The suburb of Chullora was originally part of the area known as Liberty Plains, which was land given to the first free settlers who arrived in Sydney Cove on 6 January 1793. In the 1950s, many immigrants from Europe were housed in the area. Once established, they moved to other parts of Sydney. Chullora was the name used for one of the estates in this area. Chullora is an Aboriginal word meaning 'flour'. The construction of the Tip Top Bakeries has perhaps brought the suburbs back to its roots.

During World War II, Chullora was selected as the site for a major wartime manufacturing plant. The site once occupied several hundred acres of land surrounded by Rookwood Cemetery, Brunker Road, the Hume Highway and Centenary Drive. The site was said to have been the largest secret manufacturing plant in Australia which was used for the production of military weapons, plane components, tanks, HE Bombs and ordnance. Over two thousand men and women were employed to work at the factory on a daily basis. During the war the factory produced components for 700 Beaufort, 380 Beaufighter and up to 50 Lincoln aircraft. Over 54 ACI tanks were built as well as 60 General Lee tanks that were adapted for use in the Australian Military, as were local jeeps in the 1970s. The factory also produced 81 cupola turrets for the British Matilda tanks.

An underground "bunker" and tunnel system is located on this site. It is directly under a block of flats in Davidson Street and Marlene Crescent. The entrance to the "bunker" is by steel doors set in concrete into the hillside in a railway cutting which runs from alongside the railway line parallel to Marlene Crescent at a platform called the Railwelders and which leads under the block of flats. The doors to this "bunker" were welded up in the late 1980s. The steel doors are no longer visible, and the associated area has been back filled.

Apart from the bunker, there is also a network of storage facilities that extend under the railway workshop. Sometime between 1977 and 1978 the steel access doors were fitted with locks (Railway SL type). The airshafts for this "bunker" are still clearly seen from the Hume Highway and some of them are within metres of the roadway. It has also been alleged that a tunnel approximately 6 km (4 miles) long connects this complex with Bankstown Bunker (RAAF headquarters during World War II) on the corner of Marion and Edgar Street Condell Park. Access to this network of storage facilities was from a steel door, bolted into the side of a stormwater drain which runs along the old Roads & Traffic Authority building in Chullora. It then runs under the Hume Hwy and eventually under the rail workshop.

Population
Chullora is part of a contiguous area with no or very low population between the Inner West area to the east and the Greater Western Sydney area to the west, alongside neighbouring suburbs like Rookwood and Sydney Olympic Park. In the 2021 census, it recorded a population of 14.

Commercial area
Chullora is essentially an industrial area with many factories and warehouses, including Tip Top Bakeries and the OfficeMax Sydney warehouse at the Chullora Business Park. Chullora also houses the printing plants for Sydney newspapers and magazines. Nine Entertainment print the Australian Financial Review, Sydney Morning Herald and The Sun-Herald and News Corp Australia prints The Australian, The Daily Telegraph and The Sunday Telegraph. Chullora was the home to the headquarters of Dick Smith Electronics before its closure. A Big Bicycle is located outside the Chullora Recycling Centre and is a roadside attraction. In 2011, Volkswagen Group Australia opened their new national head office on Muir Road, complete with a parts distribution centre.

Chullora Market Place is a shopping centre on Waterloo Road in neighbouring Greenacre, but is named after Chullora.

The Chullora Railway Workshops and Electric Carriage Workshops previously serviced and repaired suburban and inter-urban trains, although this has now been outsourced to the private sector. Chullora does not have its own railway station. The Chullora Bus Workshops serviced the bus fleet of the Urban Transit Authority and its predecessors from 1958 until 1989.

Transport
The Hume Highway is the main road that runs to the south of Chullora. To the south it is bound by Brunker Road. To the west it is bounded by Rookwood Road (A6).

Although a large part of Chullora is taken up by railway infrastructure, these are exclusively used for freight, and there is no passenger rail station in or around the suburb. Transit Systems operate bus services for this region. The nearest railway station is Punchbowl.

Sport
The local football team is the Central Sydney Wolves, with their homeground at Lockwood Park.

title: Chullora


text:
Condell Park

Condell Park, a suburb of local government area City of Canterbury-Bankstown, is 21 kilometres south-west of the Sydney central business district, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. It is a part of the Canterbury Bankstown region, and within the Inner South West area categorised by the Australian Bureau of Statistics. The postcode of Condell Park is 2200, which is shared with Bankstown and Bankstown Aerodrome.

History
Condell Park was named after Ousley Condell, an engineer who arrived on 8 May 1829 on the barque Swiftsure with 13 other settlers. He applied for a position in the public service and was granted four 50 acre adjoining lots in 1830 that he called Condell Park.

Black Charlie's Hill, located in Simmat Avenue Condell Park, was named after a local identity whose nickname was 'Black Charlie'. His real name is said to have been Charles Luzon or Charlie Lopez, a man of Aboriginal ancestry. He lived near Edgar Street, South Yagoona and like others in the area, during the early 1900s, grew vegetables that he carried off to the market by horse and cart. His home was constructed of corrugated iron. Black Charlie was said to fire a single shot each evening promptly at 9pm but the reason was never disclosed. Some suggested he was hunting rabbits, others to warn of the approach of aircraft.

Bankstown Bunker
The Bankstown Bunker was an exact replica of the underground Ops rooms of wartime England, which directed Britain's air defence fighter plane attacks on the invading German Luftwaffe. It had all the attenuated fixtures necessary to run a top secret operational defence base. The bunker was equipped with its own code room, plotting rooms, two escape tunnels and a radio transmitter room. In the centre of the bunker was a large room of about two stories in height. This was the main Ops room and control centre for all RAAF Missions in the Pacific area. The room also had a large map of the South West Pacific theater of World War II.

Heritage listings
Condell Park has a number of heritage-listed sites, including:
 * Bankstown Bunker

Recent history
In October 2020, Mejid Hamzy, the brother of Brothers for Life gang founder Bassam Hamzy, was shot dead in a driveby shooting at his Condell Park home.

Demographics
In the 2016 census, Condell Park recorded a population of 11,574 people.

The median age of the Condell Park population was 33 years, five years below the national median of 38.

53.4% of people were born in Australia. The next most common countries of birth were Lebanon 9.7%, Vietnam 9.4%, The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia 1.5%, Italy 1.5% and Greece 1.4%.

29.1% of people spoke only English at home. Other languages spoken at home included Arabic 29.5%, Vietnamese 13.9%, Greek 4.7%, Macedonian 2.7% and Italian 2.3%.

The most common responses for religion were Islam 26.8%, Catholic 25.6%, Eastern Orthodox 10.2% and No Religion 9.3%.

Commercial area
There are a number of shops in Condell Park, including IGA supermarket, several chemists and numerous other shops and restaurants. Most of the shops are located on a small section of Simmat Avenue, with a few other shops scattered around the suburb.

There is also a commercial area on the corner of Chapel and Canterbury Roads, which is commonly known as Manahan.

Schools

 * Condell Park Public School (K-6)
 * Condell Park High School (7-12)
 * Condell Park Christian School (K-10)

Churches

 * Condell Park Anglican Church
 * Condell Park Bible Church

Sport and recreation
Condell Park is home to Club Condell Park (formerly Bankstown Trotting Club), next to where Bankstown Markets are held every Sunday. The sporting venue Deverall Park is home to an extensive number of netball courts, 6 tennis courts, and the Bankstown Basketball Stadium which is the largest basketball stadium in Australia. Kinch Reserve, next to the Basketball Stadium, is home to Condell Park Football Club.

title: Condell Park


text:
East Hills, New South Wales

East Hills, a suburb of local government area City of Canterbury-Bankstown, is located 26 kilometres south-west of the Sydney central business district, in the state of New South Wales, Australia, and is a part of the South-western Sydney region, near larger areas like Revesby and Bankstown.

East Hills is a small suburb on the northern bank of the Georges River. The adjacent suburbs are Panania and Picnic Point. Nearby suburbs on the opposite bank of the Georges River include Pleasure Point, Voyager Point, Sandy Point and Hammondville.

History
East Hills was the name used to describe the whole area south of Bankstown to the Georges River and east to The River Road. George Johnstone (1790–1820) was granted 500 acre here in 1804 and called it New Jerusalem. It was west of The River Road between Bransgrove and Tomson Streets. Robert Gardiner a tenant on the property called his farm East Hills, possibly after the region of that name near Liverpool, England and since this area is close to another Liverpool. In 1828 Thomas Graham was granted 640 acre, south of Johnston’s land, which he sold to Charles Tompson in 1835. The area to the west was bought by George Nicholas Weston in 1838.

In 1893, the area was subdivided and named East Hills after the farm. The railway line was opened in 1931 and East Hills was the terminating station. The line was originally single track from Riverwood railway station to East Hills. This line was extended in 1987 to a new station at Holsworthy and connected to the Main South Line at Glenfield and on to Campbelltown. This provided another link to the city from areas like Minto, Campbelltown and Glenfield.

Population
According to the 2016 census, there were 77,348 residents in East Hills. 63% of people were born in Australia. 53.6% of people spoke only English at home. Other languages spoken at home included Arabic 11.6% and Vietnamese 6.4%. The most common ancestries were Australian 18.5%, English 16.1%, Irish 5.6%, Chinese 7.1% and Lebanese 8.5%. The most common responses for religion were Catholic 27.8%, No Religion 16.4% and Anglican 12.2%.

Commercial area

A small group of shops is located in Maclaurin Avenue, beside East Hills railway station. The East Hills Hotel is also located here.

Transport
East Hills railway station is on the Airport & South Line of the Sydney Trains network. Parts of East Hills are serviced by buses operated by U-Go Mobility, generally following the routes established by McVicar's Bus Services.

Schools
East Hills has two high schools and one primary school: East Hills Boys, East Hills Girls Technology High School and East Hills Primary School.

Sport
East Hills has a successful baseball club and the East Hills Bulldogs compete in the Canterbury-Bankstown District Junior Rugby League competition with Smith Park their home ground.

title: East Hills, New South Wales


text:
Bexley North, New South Wales

Bexley North is a suburb in southern Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia, 13 km south-west of the Sydney CBD. It is part of the St George area. Bexley North is in the local government area of the Bayside Council.

History
James Chandler named Bexley after his birthplace in London (formerly Kent), England. Chandler bought Sylvester's Farm in 1822, from Thomas Sylvester who had been granted the land about ten years earlier. That year he was also granted 1200 acre of land which stretched from what is now Bexley North to most of Rockdale and Kogarah. Development in the area began in 1884 with the railway line to Hurstville.

The opening of the East Hills line and the railway station at Bexley North in 1931, opened up the area for home sites.

Commercial area
Bexley North is mostly a residential suburb with a small shopping centre located around the intersection of Bexley Road with Slade Road and Shaw Street, close to Bexley North railway station. It features a Woolworths Metro supermarket, a pub, specialty shops including a prominently placed funeral parlour, cafes and restaurants.

Transport
Bexley North railway station is on the Airport & South Line of the Sydney Trains network. Bexley North is also serviced by Transit Systems bus routes and private bus routes.

The M5 South Western Motorway runs south-west towards Beverly Hills and Liverpool. There are no entrances at Bexley North to the 4 km tunnel which begins here and heads north-east towards Botany and the city. Access to the north east of the motorway is allowed at Kingsgrove and Arncliffe.

Landmarks

 * Bardwell Creek and the Prime Minister's Walk to Bexley Pool
 * Bexley North Hotel
 * Bexley North Library
 * Bexley North Public School
 * Bexley North Scout Hall
 * Holy Trinity Anglican Church
 * Stotts Reserve

Demographics
According to the 2016 census of population, there were 4,097 people usually resident in Bexley North. 56.4% of people were born in Australia. The next most common countries of birth were China 7.3% and Greece 6.1%. 42.1% of people only spoke English at home. Other languages spoken at home included Greek 17.1%, Mandarin 6.9%, Cantonese 6.4% and Arabic 5.7%. The most common responses for religion were Catholic 23.2%, Eastern Orthodox 22.4% and No Religion 18.4%.

Notable residents

 * Tim Cahill, Australian footballer, playing for the Socceroos and Everton was a student at Bexley North Primary School.
 * Anthony Totten, former Professional Rugby League footballer, grew up in the suburb.
 * Bob Windle, gold medalist in the Men's 1500m Swimming Freestyle at the 1964 Summer Olympics, grew up in the suburb.

title: Bexley North, New South Wales


text:
Greenacre, New South Wales

Greenacre is a suburb in Sydney, located 20 kilometres west of the Sydney central business district in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Most of Greenacre is in the local government area of the City of Canterbury-Bankstown, while a part in the east is in the Municipality of Strathfield.

History
This area was previously known as East Bankstown. When the first road went through the area, an acre of land was cleared for cultivation. The contrast to its surrounding area led to it being referred to as the 'Green Acre'. In 1909, Greenacre Park Estate became one of the first subdivisions in the area. Michael Ryan operated an inn called the Harp of Ould Erin on land he owned to the north of Liverpool Road.

The eastern part of the suburb, east of Roberts Road and north of Juno Parade, was mostly part of the large logistical and industrial area surrounding Enfield Marshalling Yards, with a small residential area. This area was incorporated into Enfield Council in 1889, and transferred to Strathfield Council in 1949 along with the western ward of Enfield Council (most of which is now Strathfield South).

A separate part of the suburb, north of Liverpool Road (Hume Highway), is also railway and industrial land, and was added to Strathfield Council in 1892.

Demographics
At the 2016 census, there were 24,373 residents in Greenacre. The median age was 33 years old and 24.3% of the population was aged 14 years and under. 53.3% of people were born in Australia. The most common other countries of birth were Lebanon 13.9%, Vietnam 2.1%, South Korea 2.0%, Pakistan 1.5% and Italy 1.4%. The most common ancestries were Lebanese 30.7%, Australian 10.4%, English 7.1%, Italian 4.0% and Chinese 3.4%. 25.6% of people spoke only English at home. Other languages spoken at home included Arabic 41.1%, Greek 3.4%, Vietnamese 2.9%, Urdu 2.6% and Korean 2.6%. The most common responses for religion were Islam 42.1% and Catholic 22.4%.

Commercial area
The suburb is distinctly but unofficially split into the north and the south. The southern parts of Greenacre are serviced by a strip of local independent shops and outlets along Waterloo Road and around the intersection of Juno Parade and Boronia Road. Businesses in the northern parts of Greenacre are often identified with neighbouring Chullora, such as Chullora Market Place.

Transport
The suburb is not connected to a railway station but is serviced by various bus and coach services that operate along the main roads and various smaller roads. Buses operate to and from Strathfield station, Burwood station, Punchbowl station, Lakemba station and Bankstown station.

The eastern edge of Greenacre is defined by the Enfield Marshalling Yards and Punchbowl Road, the western limit is Rookwood Road and Stacey Street, the northern limit is Liverpool Road and Brunker Road, and the southern limit is Wattle Street. Other main roads through the suburb include Waterloo Road, Juno Parade, Boronia Road and Highview Avenue.

Religion
Christian churches in Greenacre include: Good Shepherd Anglican Church (80 Pandora St), St John Vianney & St Thomas More Catholic Church, Greenacre Uniting Church, Greenacre Baptist Church, Greenacre Church of Christ, Sydney Full Gospel Korean Church, St John's Melkite Catholic Church.

Mosques and musallahs located in Greenacre include Khaled Ibn Al Walid Mosque, Boxing Club Masjid (or Brotherhood Boxn Centre) and Greenacre Musallah.

Schools
Greenacre is the site of three public primary schools, Chullora Public School, Banksia Road Primary School and Greenacre Public School. Greenacre also has various private schools such as Greenacre Baptist Christian Community School, St John Vianneys Primary School, Holy Saviour Catholic School, Al Noori Muslim School, Malek Fahd Islamic School, An Nahyan Islamic School and Sydney Full Gospel Church School.

Sport and recreation

 * Greenacre's Rugby League club are known as the "Tigers". The Greenacre Tigers are based at Roberts Park.
 * Greenacre has a Bowls Club on Roberts Road and an RSL Club.
 * Greenacre Area Community Centre – 87 Waterloo Rd, Greenacre – offers a variety of recreational services such as children's art classes, yoga, gentle exercise and line dancing.
 * Greenacre has three soccer clubs which are Chullora Wolves, East Bankstown and Greenacre Eagles.
 * Greenacre Library and Knowledge Centre – Community Pl, Greenacre – it includes a public library, youth centre and community centre.
 * Greenacre Pool – off Banksia Rd – closed 2016 due to structural issues.
 * Greenacre YMCA located on Waterloo Rd – closed in 2016, due to lack of funding.

Parks

 * Northcote Park – Cnr Waterloo Rd & Northcote Rd, Greenacre
 * Roberts Park – 105 Waterloo Rd, Greenacre
 * Allum Park – entrance off Maiden St, Greenacre
 * Lockwood Park – 352 Waterloo Rd, Greenacre
 * Gosling Park – 103 Chiswick Rd, Greenacre
 * Greenacre Heights Reserve – entrances off Greenacre Rd, Hillcrest Ave, and Konrad Ave
 * Bromley Reserve – entrances off Bromley Ave and Mimosa Rd
 * Mimosa Reserve – 54 Mimosa Rd, Greenacre
 * Norm Nelson Reserve – 239A Roberts Rd, Greenacre
 * Lee Park – 41 Russell St, Greenacre
 * Norfolk Reserve is bounded by Chullora Marketplace and Norfolk Village.

Popular culture

 * The SBS television series Pizza was filmed in a pizza shop on the Hume Highway at Greenacre. A movie was also made in 2003 based on the same characters called Fat Pizza: The Movie. The shop in Greenacre had been renamed 'Fat Pizza', which was the name used in the TV series and movie. The business has since closed.

 * The house at 128 Greenacre Road, Greenacre is depicted as a building site in the 1966 film They're a Weird Mob, where cast members can be seen digging trenches and pouring concrete for footings.

title: Greenacre, New South Wales