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Big Pit National Coal Museum

Big Pit National Coal Museum (Pwll Mawr Amgueddfa Lofaol Cymru) is an industrial heritage museum in Blaenavon, Torfaen, Wales. A working coal mine from 1880 to 1980, it was opened to the public in 1983 as a charitable trust called the Big Pit (Blaenavon) Trust. By 1 February 2001 Big Pit Coal Museum was incorporated into the National Museums and Galleries of Wales as the National Mining Museum of Wales. The site is dedicated to operational preservation of the Welsh heritage of coal mining, which took place during the Industrial Revolution.

Located adjacent to the preserved Pontypool and Blaenavon Railway, Big Pit is part of the Blaenavon Industrial Landscape, a World Heritage Site, and an Anchor Point of the European Route of Industrial Heritage.

History of the working pit
Big Pit was originally an iron mine, driven into the side of the mountain not far from the surface due to the shallow iron deposits, the level is called Engine Pit Level and can still be seen on the bridge connecting Blaenavon and Garn Rd at 51.7724°N, -3.105°W. The Iron Workings are above the Big Pit coal workings, for some time Engine Pit Level was used as an emergency exit for Big Pit whilst it was working, now the River Arch Level is the escape route. Engine Pit Level was driven around 1810 by hand due to dynamite being invented 5 decades later, there are no known records of the iron mine. There are a few pictures online showing the interior of the Engine Level from the 1960s when miners from Big Pit explored the level, finding an old flange-less wheeled dram inside, now at a museum. There was also a known Iron Workings shaft, Engine Pit Shaft which existed, information and location of this shaft can be on Industrial Gwent.

The Big Pit is part of a network of coal workings established in Blaenavon in the first half of the nineteenth century by the Blaenavon Iron and Coal Company as part of the development of the Blaenavon Ironworks,  which means it has some of the oldest large scale industrial coal mining developments in the South Wales Coalfield. The mine was the most important of all the collieries located in Blaenavon.

The nearby Coity Pit is shown in reports in the 1850s, consisting of two shafts 9 ft in diameter which were difficult to pump out. Historians disagree about when the Big Pit was first in consistent operation, but it may have been a development of a former pit called Kearsley's Pit mentioned in the company records from the 1860s, which lay at the other end of a geological fault from the Coity pits.

A mines inspector report of 1881 is the first to describe a mine called the Big Pit due to its elliptical shape with dimensions of 18 ft by 13 ft, the first shaft in Wales large enough to allow two tramways. On completion it became the coal-winding shaft, while the older Coity shaft was used for upcast air ventilation.

In 1878, the main shaft was deepened to reach the Old Coal seam at 293 ft. By 1908, Big Pit provided employment for 1,122 people, and by 1923 at peak, there were 1,399 men employed, producing: House Coal, Steam Coal, Ironstone and Fireclay; from the Horn, No. 2 Yard, Old Coal and Elled seams. The peak of production was more than 250,000 tons of coal per year. During the height of production, coal from Big Pit was shipped as far as South America, and also to other points worldwide. Until 1908, when a conveyor became part of the mine equipment, everything at Big Pit was done by manpower - including cutting the coal. The mine was one of the first to install electricity and by 1910, fans, hauling systems and pumps were electric powered.

In 1939, pithead baths were installed at the mine; it meant miners no longer needed to walk home dirty and wet, risking illness. The baths were also beneficial to miners' families; women no longer needed to carry hot jugs of water to fill tin baths and children were no longer accidentally scalded during this process. During the Second World War, surface extraction of coal began at Blaenavon in November 1941 using equipment and skilled men from the Canadian Army. On nationalisation in 1947, the National Coal Board took over the mine from the Blaenavon Co. Ltd, which employed 789 men.

By 1970 the workforce numbered only 494, as operations had focused solely on the Garw seam, with a maximum thickness of only 30 inch. The NCB agreed the development of a drift mine, which by 1973 meant that windings at Big Pit had ceased, with coal extracted close to the refurbished Black Lion coal washery. The Coity shaft was abandoned, with the Big Pit shaft used for upcast air ventilation and emergency extraction.

The pit finally closed on 2 February 1980 with a loss of more than 250 jobs; it was one of the last working coal mines in Blaenavon, leaving only Blaentillery No.2 Drift Mine, closing in 2010 and the Johnson Mine, closing in 2013.

Transport
In 1866, the Brynmawr and Blaenavon Railway opened, with access sidings to the mine workings. The line was immediately leased to the London and North Western Railway, allowing coal to be transported directly to the Midlands via the Merthyr, Tredegar and Abergavenny Railway. By 1880, the line had extended south to meet the Great Western Railway at Abersychan & Talywain. Here the line carried on down the valley through Pontypool Crane Street Railway Station to the coast at Newport, and hence to overseas markets via Newport Docks. In 1922 the LNWR was grouped into the London, Midland and Scottish Railway. From World War II onwards, the line saw a variety of GWR locomotives operating from pit to port, with the line losing its passenger operations from 1941. After other pits in the area had closed, the line connection north was closed as a result of the Beeching cuts from 1964 onwards. The NCB paid for the line to be re-extended to Waunavon in the early 1970s, where the drift mine developments accessed the refurbished former Black Lion coal washery.

Big Pit Halt which is on the heritage Pontypool and Blaenavon Railway line, adjacent to the museum, officially opened on 6 April 2012, however the line to Big Pit actually opened on Friday 16 September 2011. The line and station opened specifically for tourists visiting the museum.

Disasters
Between 1857 and 1880, more than 60 deaths were recorded by mine inspectors in the Blaenavon coal and ironworks, although these may not have been in the Big Pit itself.

From 1880, there are regular reports of accidents at the Big Pit, often resulting in loss of life. In 1891 a boy called Thomas Oliver Jones was crushed to death in a roof fall. In 1894 and 1896 two further miners lost their lives in fatal accidents.

On 11 December 1908 three men were killed in an explosion. A coroner's court found that the explosion had been caused by a naked light held by one of the miners. On 7 April 1913, another three men lost their lives in a localised fire that included a fireman, the face manager, and the under manager.

The National Coal Museum

For some years before closure, the mine had been identified as being a possible heritage attraction and a working group was set up made up of the National Coal Board, local government, the National Museum, the Welsh Development Agency and the Welsh Office. Soon after the pit closed, Torfaen Borough Council bought the site for £1 and it was given to a charitable trust called the Big Pit (Blaenavon) Trust to manage the conversion to a heritage museum. The initial development cost £1.5 million with funding from the Welsh Tourist Board, the European Regional Development Fund, the borough council and Gwent County Council. The mine reopened for visitors in 1983 and created 71 jobs.

A number of buildings were subsequently given protected status at the site. The Powder House, Saw mill Office and the Electrical Workshop, were each given Grade II listed building status on 2 September 1995. The Pit Head Building, Headframe & Tram Circuit and the Miners' Bathhouse were both given Grade II* listed building status, also on 2 September 1995. The Powder House building was used to store explosives needed for mine work during the time Big Pit was an active mine.

Big Pit as a tourist attraction
Visitor numbers were initially lower than expected, which threatened the long-term viability of the museum. In 1983, fewer than 100,000 visitors came to the site and the numbers reached a peak of 120,000 in 1992. Subsequently, the visitor numbers reduced significantly to less than 90,000 in 1998.

The project plan at the start of the project suggested that 100,000 visitors were needed per year in the first five years. By 2000, it was clear that this target was not being achieved and that the £5.75 adult entry fee was not covering costs. A substantial Heritage Lottery Fund grant of more than £5 million was awarded in January 2000 which paid for a significant upgrade of the visitor facilities. On 1 February 2001, the museum was incorporated into the National Museum Wales; it was initially known as the "National Mining Museum of Wales", but is now called "Big Pit: National Coal Museum". As part of the National Museum Wales, the Big Pit became free to enter in 2001, and in 2015 First Minister Carwyn Jones announced that there would be "no payment for entry into any of the National Museums attractions".

Since becoming part of the NMW, the numbers of visitors has increased significantly, with more than 140,000 visiting in 2014/15, and 150,176 visitors in 2017. Intentionally preserved as an operational attraction, the site was redeveloped in 2003, with design work from TACP/Brooke Millar Partnership. The pit props and steel bands are not for show, but to hold up the mine roof. The water flowing down the tunnel towards the cages is authentic, apart from the fact that it now flows down a channel rather than over the miners' feet.

In 2005, the Big Pit National Coal Museum won the prestigious Gulbenkian Prize, now known as Museum of the Year.

The museum hired mining apprentices in 2011; after serving an apprenticeship, the trainees would then have the necessary qualifications to work in a mine. The tour guide uniform for big pit is a black t-shirt and orange jacket and trousers with high-vis stripes, or an orange jumpsuit also with black t-shirt. This is to ensure that all visitors have the highest chances of seeing where their tour guide is, due to the pitch black conditions when there is no light.

The museum features a range of above ground attractions including a winding house, saw mill, pithead, baths. Visitors are also taken below ground to the pit bottom where they tour the mine workings. In 2000, the Blaenavon industrial area, including Big Pit National Coal Museum, was named a World Heritage Site by UNESCO. This was in recognition of the town's importance to the Industrial Revolution. Museum staff walked out in disputes over pay in 2014, 2015 and 2016.

The Blaenavon Cheddar Company, a local cheese company, ages its Pwll Mawr (Big Pit) cheddar at the base of the Big Pit mine shaft.

Safety
The mine is covered by HM Inspectorate of Mines regulations, because it is still classed as a working pit. Visitors wear a plastic hard hat, safety lamp, and a battery on a waist belt which weighs 5 kg. Visitors must also carry on their belt a rebreather, which in case of emergency will filter foul air for approximately one hour, giving a chance for survival and escape.

Before taking the 50 minute underground tour 90 m below ground, contraband must be surrendered, such as anything containing a dry cell battery from watches to mobile phones. The dangers of the mine are real, the safety posters on the stages of Carbon Monoxide poisoning serve as museum pieces and as real reminders of the dangers underground. Automatic gas monitoring systems are discreetly positioned around the tunnels, as are emergency telephone systems. Some safety beams were monitored around the area.

Popular culture

The cover of the Manic Street Preachers album National Treasures – The Complete Singles shows the Big Pit winding tower.

Historian Gwyn A. Williams used the Big Pit as a setting for one of his programmes in his Channel 4 series The Dragon Has Two Tongues, broadcast in January 1985 - near the end of the miners' strike and as men were returning to work. In it, Williams said "Today it looks to me as if the Welsh people have been declared redundant, as redundant as this pit which after 200 years is now a museum. This is a museum. Wales is being turned into a land of museums!"

title: Big Pit National Coal Museum


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/They Call Me Snail

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete --Tony Sidaway Talk 21:48, 27 August 2005 (UTC)

They Call Me Snail
Fails to meet notability requirements at WP:MUSIC. Mallocks 19:24, 20 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Patently clear Del, WP:MUSIC.— Encephalon |  ζ   01:03:59, 2005-08-21 (UTC)

 * Relisting August 27 for more discussion. --Tony Sidaway Talk 16:24, 27 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete. Multi-million-album-selling bands ought to have some albums for sale on amazon. Pburka 16:31, August 27, 2005 (UTC)
 * They're so famous that they have to use a free web hosting service from Tokelau? Delete. Quicksandish 16:46, August 27, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Didn't the Rolling Stones do a cover of that? RasputinAXP   talk  *  contribs  19:03, 27 August 2005 (UTC)
 * We Call You Deleted. Paul Klenk 21:37, 27 August 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


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Lall Singh

Lall Singh (ਲਾਲ ਸਿੰਘ; 16 December 1909 – 19 November 1985) was an early Indian Test cricketer from British Malaya.

Cricket career
Lall Singh, whose full name was Lall Singh Gill, was born in Kuala Lumpur, Malaya on 16 December 1909 and died at Petaling Jaya, Kuala Lumpur on 19 November 1985. He was a member of India's team on its one-Test inaugural tour of England in 1932. He was a right-handed batsman and an outstanding fielder. In the only Test played during the tour he scored 29 in the second innings, adding 74 runs in partnership with Amar Singh in 40 minutes. During England's first innings, he ran out Frank Woolley with a magnificent pick up and throw on the opening morning.

Lall Singh's was a prominent name in the matches played in Kuala Lumpur between 1926 and 1940. In August 1931 he scored 138 for Federated Malay States against Straits Settlements at The Padang, Singapore. Three years later in the same fixture, he had 118 to his name.

Early life
Lall Singh was born into the affluent Gill Jat family of Malaya, who had migrated to Malaya from India 3 generations before. He was the youngest of 3 sons, the eldest being Santha Singh Gill (maternal grandfather of Tariq B Shamsi) and middle brother being Bishen Singh Gill.

All three brothers studied at the prestigious Victoria Institution (V.I.) in Kuala Lumpur that had been set up under the auspices of Sultan Abdul Samad ibni Almarhum Raja Abdullah KCMG, the fourth Sultan of Selangor, and was named after Queen Victoria. Victoria Institution or V.I. as it was and is known, had been opened specially to commemorate the golden jubilee of her reign. V.I. has had many honourable and distinguished individuals among its alumni, including royals like the Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah - Sultan of Brunei and other royalty. Complete list that includes name of Lall Singh is available at viweb website

Lall Singh at Victoria Institution and Cricket in India

Being highly passionate to play cricket at the highest possible level, he convinced his mother to allow and sponsor him to play cricket in India. The family accordingly approached Maharajah Patiala, Bhupindar Singh who was known to the family. Maharajah Bhupindir Singh, himself a good cricketer and lover of the game, advised the family to send Lall Singh to Patiala to play in his team, Maharajah Patiala XI, which was led by the Maharajah himself. He reached Patiala in 1931 and in the company of Maharajah Bupindar Singh developed his lifelong love for the 'Patiala Peg'. The next year Lall Singh was selected for India's inaugural tour to England in 1932. The Captain of the team was to be Maharajah Bhupindar Singh but a few weeks before the departure of the team, he fell ill and the Natwarsinhji Bhavsinhji, the Maharajah of Porbundar replaced him as captain.

In 1934–35, Lall Singh represented Hindus in the Bombay Quadrangular tournament and South Punjab in the inaugural Ranji Trophy. The South Punjab team was led by the Maharajah of Patiala Bhupindar Singh. Notable players who played alongside the Maharajah and Lall Singh were Lala Amarnath, Mohammad Saeed, Nazir Ali and Nissar Mohammad. In the first match against United Provinces, batting at number 8, Lall Singh scored 56, the highest in the Southern Punjab's only innings. He represented India in an unofficial 'Test' at Bombay against Jack Ryder's Australian side in 1935–36.

Lall Singh's sole first-class hundred (107 not out) came in the 1935-36 Bombay Quadrangular Tournament for Hindus against Parsees at Gymkhana Ground, Bombay. Walking in with his team's score at 99–6, he shared an unbeaten stand of 132 for 8th wicket with a somewhat subdued, Vijay Merchant (30 not out).

Maharajah Bhupindar Singh was very fond of Lall Singh and this closeness of Lall Singh to the Maharajah gave rise to many enemies, as a result of which, there was an attempt on the life of Lall Singh in 1936. He was seriously injured but survived. After recovery, with the permission of Maharajah Bhupindar Singh, he left for Paris in 1936.

Falling in Love and Paris
While in India, he met Myrtle Watkins, an Afro-American singer, who was performing at the Taj Mahal Hotel in Bombay. After recovering from his injuries, he and Myrtle proceeded to Paris, where Lall Singh opened a night club for Myrtle to perform nightly. The money to open the night club was sent to Lall Singh by his mother.

From Paris he send a studio photograph of himself and Myrtle to the family, behind which he had written, ‘This is she and this is me ….. very soon and we might be three’.

Unfortunately, this affair did not last long and Myrtel and Lall Singh parted ways and selling off his night club he returned to Malaya in August 1939. The following month Germany invaded Poland and that was the beginning of WWII. Japan attacked Pearl Harbour on 7 December 1941 and started the gradual occupation of Malaya the following day. By 31 January 1942 the whole of the Malayan peninsula had been was captured by Japan.

Second World War
In June 1942, SS Gill, the eldest brother of Lall Singh was arrested by the Japanese as he was helping British Army officers to escape from Malaya to Singapore. The following day his brothers BS Gill and Lall Singh were also arrested, all their assets including three houses, rubber plantation and a gold mine were confiscated by the Japanese. Within 3 months SS Gill and BS Gill were hanged by the Japanese occupation forces for helping the British and Lall Singh was sent to a slave labour camp in Borneo.

SS Gill's elder daughter Ajmer Kaur (later Neelum Shamsi), then only 15 years old, was allowed to live in a portion of one house with her younger sister and paternal grandmother. However, the Mother Superior, of the sprawling Bukit Nanas Convent in Kuala Lumpur, where Ajmer Kaur and her sister Amar Kaur studied, took both the sisters and their paternal grandmother into the Convent and kept them there and looked after them for the duration of the War. Lall Singh, managed to escape from the slave labour camp in Borneo and make his way back to Kuala Lumpur in August 1945. When he was reunited with his mother and two nieces he was mere skeleton of the person he used to be. He had been tortured so badly that his own mother initially refused to recognise him as her son.

After the War
After the War Japan surrendered to the Allied forces on 5 September 1945. The immediate problem facing Lall Singh was how to look after and care for his ailing mother and two nieces as the family had been left penniless due to Japan's occupation of Malaya. Lall Singh had never worked in his life and was too proud to knock on anyone's door for help. Immediately, he started to look for a job and the only one in post war ravaged Malaya was that of groundsman at the acclaimed Selangor Club in Kuala Lumpur.

While in captivity, the Japanese had shaved his head and beard. Thereafter, he never again grew his hair or beard or wore a turban.

A.B. Shamsi, (Baseer Shamsi) then a captain in the British Indian Army, was posted from Burma to Malaya, Kuala Lumpur and being a keen cricketer, he went to the Selangor Club to play cricket and was surprised to meet Lall Singh working as groundsman at the club. In 1946, A.B. Shamsi, married Lall Singh's elder niece Ajmer Kaur, who converted to Islam taking the maiden name of Neelum, on 11 September 1946.

In 1950, Sultan Sir Hishamuddin Alam Shah Al-Haj, the Sultan of Selangor, a friend of the Gill family, visited the Selangor Club and was shocked to see Lall Singh working as a groundsman. To cut a long story short, the Sultan started the process of rehabilitating the estates of the Gill family to Lall Singh. Since most of the estates, fixed and moveable assets were in the name of Lall Singh's mother who had died in 1946 and SS Gill who had been hanged in 1942, it took over 2 years for these properties to be reissued in the name of Lall Singh in 1953.

Lall Singh, spent rest of his days travelling abroad, mostly to Paris on a yearly basis in summer. He died peacefully on 19 November 1985 in Petaling Jaya, Kuala Lumpur. An inter school cricket tournament is held annually in Kuala Lumpur for the ‘Lall Singh Shield’. The Sikh community in Malaysia, organise an annual tournament between clubs for the ‘Lall Singh Trophy’.

Golden Jubilee
He was one of oldest players to attend the Golden Jubilee Test in Bombay in 1980 to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the founding of BCCI.

title: Lall Singh


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User talk:Ramso

Gonjo

Image copyright problem with Image:Dar- City Map.pdf
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Please signify the copyright information on any other images you have uploaded or will upload. Remember that images without this important information can be deleted by an administrator. If you have any questions, feel free to contact me. Thank you. Shyam ( T / C ) 06:42, 10 March 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:Ramso


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Reading Eagle

The Reading Eagle is the major daily newspaper in Reading, Pennsylvania. A family-owned newspaper until the spring of 2019, its reported circulation is 37,000 (daily) and 50,000 (Sundays). It serves the Reading and Berks County region of Pennsylvania.

After celebrating its sesquicentennial of local ownership and editorial control in 2018, the Reading Eagle was acquired by the Denver-based MediaNews Group's Digital First Media in May 2019.

History
The newspaper was founded on January 28, 1867. Initially an afternoon paper, it was published Monday through Saturday, and a Sunday morning edition was added later.

In 1940, The Eagle acquired the Reading Times, which was the city's morning paper, though they remained editorially separate newspapers. The staff of the two papers was combined in 1982. In June 2002, the Reading Times ceased publication, and the Eagle became a morning paper. The two newspapers published a joint Saturday-morning edition since 1988.

Author John Updike worked at The Eagle as a copyboy in his youth for several summer internships in the early 1950s, and wrote several feature articles.

In 2009, the newspaper switched to a Berliner format and laid off 52 employees in late April of that year.

After celebrating its sesquicentennial of local ownership and editorial control, the family-owned newspaper suffered financial hardships, and cut 16 percent of its newsroom staff on May 23, 2018. Several months later, it reverted to its previous broadsheet size. Less than a year later, the company announced it was filing for bankruptcy protection on March 20, 2019. In May 2019, the newspaper was acquired by the Denver-based MediaNews Group's Digital First Media division in May 2019. As of July 1, 2021, MNG has laid off numerous employees from the newsroom, where no salary increases have been issued since 2008. MNG also doesn't contribute to a 401(k) plan.

Sunday edition
For many years, the Sunday Reading Eagle featured a banner on its Sunday comics section advertised as the "Biggest Comics Section in the Land", and ran over 50 features until the late 1980s. Until 1995, it occupied two sections. It carried half pages of Prince Valiant, Hägar the Horrible, and Tarzan, and smaller versions of Dick Tracy, The Phantom, and other popular humor strips. On July 8, 2018, however, it followed the path of most dwindling American newspapers, and reduced the size of its comics section and of the strips it carries.

title: Reading Eagle


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Talk:Homosexuality/Conversionists

Conversionists
Attempts to modify sexual orientation (known as "conversion therapies" or “reparative therapies” and so far targeted only at LGB-identified individuals) have been condemned by numerous professional organizations in the scientific field for causing depression (sometimes leading to suicide) and for being ineffective. Indeed, the largest "reparative" therapy organization, a ministry called Exodus International, was started by two formerly homosexual men who several years later ended up leaving the ministry, denouncing it, and living as a homosexual couple themselves. The American Psychological Association in 1997 passed a resolution declaring therapists in these groups engaged in such conversion therapies to be following unethical and unhealthy practices.

In May 2001, Dr. Robert Spitzer of Columbia University published the findings of a short-term study of "reparative" therapy. Based on telephone interviews with a convenience sample of 200 persons, Spitzer concluded that some "highly motivated" gay people could change their sexual orientation through therapy or other means.

Many in the scientific community have dismissed Spitzer's study because of its serious methodological flaws, among them: Spitzer recruited most of his subjects through Exodus (an organization that says homosexuality is a sin) and the National Association for Research and Therapy of Homosexuality.

Furthermore Spitzer excluded from his study anybody whose experiences with reparative therapy were not successful. And Spitzer's research did not mention or account for the existence of bisexuality on the continuum of sexual orientation. In response many believe that what he called a "highly motivated gay person" is merely a bisexual person. Indeed, in his study he uses the phrase "predominantly homosexual", indicating that the subjects also had heterosexual attractions.

The American Academy of Pediatrics, American Counseling Association, American Association of School Administrators, American Federation of Teachers, American Psychological Association, American School Health Association, Interfaith Alliance Foundation, National Association of School Psychologists, National Association of Social Workers, and National Education Association developed and endorsed the following statement in 1999:
 * "The most important fact about "reparative therapy," also sometimes known as "conversion therapy," is that it is based on an understanding of homosexuality that has been rejected by all the major health and mental health professions. [Our organizations], together representing more than 477,000 health and mental health professionals, have all taken the position that homosexuality is not a mental disorder and thus there is no need for a 'cure.' ...health and mental health professional organizations do not support efforts to change young people's sexual orientation through 'reparative therapy' and have raised serious concerns about its potential to do harm."

title: Talk:Homosexuality/Conversionists


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User talk:Morouxshi

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! - Hephaestos|§ 19:26, 20 August 2005 (UTC)
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James Oddo

James Steven Oddo (born January 12, 1966) is an American attorney and politician who served as the Borough President of Staten Island from 2014 to 2021. Oddo had previously served as a member of the New York City Council, representing the 50th district from 1999 to 2013. He is currently serving as the Commissioner for the New York City Department of Buildings under Mayor Eric Adams.

Early life and education
Oddo was born on Staten Island, the youngest of four sons to an Italian-American family of city employees. He earned a Bachelor of Arts from Fordham University, and a Juris Doctor from New York Law School.

Career
He started in politics by working as chief of staff to then-councilman John Fusco for seven years and as Legal Counsel to the former Council Minority Leader Thomas Ognibene.

Oddo's career as a politician began in February 1999 when he won a special election to fill the seat vacated by John Fusco. After the resignation of Tom Ognibene, he was elected Minority Leader of the City Council with the consent of the three other Republicans on the Council in 2002.

His district, the 50th, is located mainly on Staten Island and encompasses the neighborhoods of Arrochar, Bulls Head, Castleton Corners, Concord, Dongan Hills, Emerson Hill, Fort Wadsworth, Grant City, Graniteville, Grasmere, Heartland Village, Isle of Meadows, Meiers Corners, Midland Beach, New Dorp, New Springville, Oakwood, Ocean Breeze, Old Town, Prall's Island, Richmondtown, South Beach, Todt Hill, Travis, Westerleigh, and Willowbrook; but also parts of Bensonhurst, Dyker Heights and Bath Beach in Brooklyn.

On October 20, 2010, he announced he would run for the office of Staten Island Borough President in 2013. On November 5, 2013, he was elected to office with 48,168 votes (69%). He outran Democratic candidate Lou Liedy, Green Party candidate Henry Bardel, and Libertarian Party candidate Silas Johnson. His percentage of 69% was the highest ever for a non-incumbent winner of the office, beating the record set by Republican Robert Connor in 1965. James Oddo was re elected Borough President on November 7, 2017, with 75.56% of the vote.

In 2022, Oddo was named Chief of Staff to the New York City Deputy Mayor for Operations in the administration of Mayor Eric Adams.

Staten Island Bus Study
Borough President Oddo championed the Staten Island Bus Study which has recommended major service changes to Staten Island express buses. As a result of the study, express bus service to Staten Island was to be completely reorganized in August 2018. As part of the redesign, all of the existing bus routes would be discontinued and replaced with 21 new routes with a "SIM" prefix.

Norwegian comedy show incident
Councilman Oddo received widespread, negative attention when a video of the councilman appeared on YouTube around October 5, 2007. In the video clip, Oddo is shown being interviewed by a film crew from the Norwegian comedy show Rikets røst (meaning "Voice of the Nation"), a show similar to The Colbert Report. The comedians had gained entry to councilman Oddo's office by posing as TV journalists who wanted to get the view of a Republican on the upcoming U.S. presidential election.

Instead, the interviewer, Pia Haraldsen, played the role of an uninformed foreigner. She asked how Barack Obama could run for president, "as he is not a U.S. citizen" (when informed by Oddo that Obama is indeed an American, she wondered about that, given that she had read somewhere that he was "African-American") and asked if Senator Clinton could be president "after that embarrassing incident with the cigar?" On the aired clip, Haraldsen cannot refrain from smiling as Oddo starts swearing at and threatening the film crew. One of the film crew's cameras continues recording the incident, as Oddo, in a profanity-laced tirade, furiously tells them to get "the fuck" out of his office and threatens to physically harm the film crew. Oddo later apologized, stating the tirade was "inappropriate" but that the sentiment beneath it was entirely appropriate, despite threatening physical harm to the film crew.

The incident was widely viewed as an embarrassing and inappropriate reaction by Oddo.

Support of Congressman Fossella
In 2008, Oddo supported Congressman Vito Fossella, stating that he "knows what [Fossella's] core is about" and "He is my friend ... and I stand with him during the good times and I stand with him during the difficult times. What he needs to do is what he did today: Say, 'I'm ready to be held accountable and apologize and I have to heal myself, heal my relationship with my friends and family, and heal my relationship with my community.'" Fossella had been arrested for driving under the influence, was living with one woman while being married to another woman, and had fathered a child with the other woman.

2018 Surrogate Court election
Oddo was widely believed to be running for surrogate court judge in 2018 despite running for election as Borough President in 2017. When asked about a potential surrogate court judge candidacy, Oddo stated that he honestly did not know if he would serve a full second term; this statement led critics and his main opponent in the 2017 Borough President election, Tom Shcherbenko, to argue that he should not run for Borough President if he already had one foot out the door. Oddo was re-elected Borough President in 2017. Oddo ultimately chose not to run for Surrogate Court Judge.

Views towards Muslims
In 2010, when developers planned to build a Muslim community center and mosque in Lower Manhattan, Oddo said he understood the outrage of families opposed to building a Muslim place of worship within a mile of the World Trade Center.

Later that year, when a Catholic church planned to sell a convent to a group intending to use the building for a mosque, Oddo said that he would oppose the plan until the "responsible leadership of the Muslim community wholeheartedly, full-throatedly condemns the extremists of their religion."

In 2005, Oddo said that police officers conducting random security searches on the New York subway system was not enough. Instead, he wanted police officers to prioritize the searching of young Muslim men.

title: James Oddo


text: User:Mamawrites/Today

title: User:Mamawrites/Today


text:
Leo Rossi

Leo Rossi (born June 26, 1946) is an American actor, writer and producer. A character actor with over 100 credits to his name, he is known for his role as foul-mouthed EMT Vincent "Budd" Scarlotti in the 1981 horror film Halloween II, as the serial killer Turkell from the 1990 horror sequel Maniac Cop 2, and as Detective Sam Dietz in the Relentless franchise. His other films include Heart Like a Wheel (1983), River's Edge (1986), The Accused (1988), Analyze This (1999), One Night at McCool's (2001), and 10th & Wolf (2006).

Career
Rossi began his career with small roles in films including the Rick Rosenthal-directed – John Carpenter-scripted – Halloween II (1981) with Jamie Lee Curtis and Donald Pleasence, in which he falls victim to the suburban maniac Michael Myers. Subsequent roles in Jonathan Kaplan's Heart Like a Wheel (1983) opposite Bonnie Bedelia and Beau Bridges, Tim Hunter's River's Edge (1986) with Dennis Hopper and Keanu Reeves, and Bob Rafelson's Black Widow (1987) – also with Hopper, Theresa Russell and Debra Winger – paved the way for a starring role opposite Jodie Foster and Kelly McGillis in Kaplan's The Accused (1988) as the film's central antagonist, Cliff "Scorpion" Albrect. The Accused in turn led to Rossi winning a starring role in William Lustig's Relentless (1989), a serial killer film which co-stars Judd Nelson and Robert Loggia; however, this time Rossi plays the central protagonist – Detective Sam Deitz – a role he would reprise in three sequels. Rossi followed up Relentless with Lustig's Maniac Cop 2 (1990), a horror film sequel starring Bruce Campbell and scripted by Larry Cohen.

During the 1980s, Rossi made guest appearances in the police procedural Hill Street Blues (1982), a recurring role; the science fiction series Amazing Stories by Steven Spielberg (1985); the crime drama 21 Jump Street with Johnny Depp (1988); and the Vietnam War drama Tour of Duty (1989).

Rossi began the 1990s with a performance in the 1991 action comedy Fast Getaway, about a father (Rossi) and son (Corey Haim) who rob banks together until the former is caught and imprisoned, and the latter is forced to break him out. Rossi then took a supporting role in Where the Day Takes You (1992), played a detective in the Pamela Anderson vehicle Raw Justice (1994), a street preacher in the teen comedy Dream a Little Dream 2 (1995) starring Corey Feldman and Corey Haim, and reprised his role opposite Haim in Fast Getaway 2 (1994). Rossi had a supporting role in the Harold Ramis comedy Analyze This (1999), in which he plays the evil cousin to Robert De Niro's character; other co-stars include Billy Crystal, Chazz Palminteri, and Lisa Kudrow.

His television appearances during the 1990s included Murder She Wrote (1992), Frasier (1997), JAG and a recurring role in ER (TV series) (1999). He portrayed a special agent in Kaplan's adaptation of Truman Capote's psychological drama In Cold Blood (1996); the latter – a miniseries set in 1950s America – co-stars Sam Neill and Eric Roberts.

In the 2000s saw Rossi took a supporting role in the Harald Zwart comedy One Night at McCool's (2001), The same year he accepted a role in the mobster thriller One Eyed King (2001). Next came a supporting role in the experimental drama The Business of Fancydancing (2002) and a part in Looney Tunes: Back in Action (2003), a live action-animation comedy directed by Joe Dante. Rossi then both produced and starred in the thriller 10th & Wolf (2006), in which he plays an FBI Agent partnered with Brian Dennehy who attempt to infiltrate a Sicilian Mafia family business. 10th & Wolf is loosely based upon the real-life Philadelphia crime family mafia war in the 1990s.

In TV, Rossi starred in another drama based on the life of Joseph D. Pistone, the 2000 CBS series Falcone, which is based on Pistone and Richard Woodley's book Donnie Brasco: My Undercover Life in the Mafia. He also appeared in Judging Amy (2001) and Without a Trace (2006).

Films

 * Alias Big Cherry (1975) – 'Big Cherry'
 * Mr. Billion (1977) – Italian Kidnapper
 * Grand Theft Auto (1977) – Vegas Muscle Chief
 * The Pirate (1978) TV Movie – Shadin
 * Circle of Power (1983) – Chris Morris
 * Halloween II (1981) – Budd Scarlotti
 * Heart Like a Wheel (1983) – Jack Muldowney
 * Kids Don't Tell (1985, TV Movie) – Detective Rastelli
 * River's Edge (1986) – Jim
 * Black Widow (1987) – Detective Ricci
 * Russkies (1987) – Keefer
 * Leonard Part 6 (1987) – Chef
 * Out of Time (1988, TV Movie) – Hawkins
 * The Accused (1988) – Cliff 'Scorpion' Albrect
 * Maniac Cop (1988) – Mayor's Chief of Staff (uncredited)
 * Hit List (1989) – Frank DeSalvo
 * Relentless (1989) – Sam Dietz
 * Maniac Cop 2 (1990) – Steven Turkell
 * Too Much Sun (1990) – George
 * Fast Getaway (1991) – Sam Potter
 * Where the Day Takes You (1992) – Mr. Burtis
 * We're Talkin' Serious Money (1992) – Charlie
 * Dead On: Relentless II (1992) – Sam Dietz
 * Casualties of Love: The "Long Island Lolita" Story (1993, TV Movie) – Bobby Buttafuoco
 * Relentless 3 (1993) – Sam Dietz
 * Rave Review (1994) – Brian
 * Fast Getaway II (1994) – Sam Potter
 * Runaway Daughters (1994) – Deputy 2
 * Raw Justice aka Good Cop Bad Cop (1994) – Lieutenant David Atkins
 * Reform School Girl (1994, TV Movie) – Disc Jockey
 * Relentless IV: Ashes to Ashes (1994) – Detective Sam Dietz
 * The Misery Brothers (1995) – Michael Misery
 * Mutant Species (1995) – Hollinger
 * Felony (1995) – Detective Kincade
 * Dream a Little Dream 2 (1995) – Street Preacher (Uncredited)
 * In the Kingdom of the Blind, the Man with One Eye Is King (1995) – Moran
 * Beyond Desire (1995) – Frank Zulla
 * The Assault (1996) – Zigowski
 * Wedding Bell Blues (1996) – Robert
 * True Friends (1998) – Carmine
 * Unconditional Love (1999) – Martin Ward
 * Analyze This (1999) – Carlo Mangano
 * The Mating Habits of the Earthbound Human (1999) – Mr. Smith
 * Fashionably L.A. (1999) – Acting Teacher
 * Fatal Conflict (2000) – Conrad Nash
 * Crackerjack 3 (2000) – Ricky Santeria-Ramos
 * Separate Ways (2001)
 * Road to Redemption (2001) – 'Sully' Santoro
 * Sticks (2001) – 'Domino'
 * One Night at McCool's (2001) – Joey Dinardo
 * One Eyed King (2001) – Joe 'Big Joe' Thomas
 * The Syndicate (2002) Short Film – Mr. Gianelli
 * Four Deadly Reasons (2002) – Otto
 * The Business of Fancydancing (2002) – Mr. Williams
 * Deranged (2002) – Artie
 * Looney Tunes: Back in Action (2003) – Acme Vice President, Climbing to the Top
 * The Last Letter (2004) – Judge
 * Mafioso: The Father, the Son (2004) – Vito Lupo
 * Shut Up and Kiss Me (2004) – Mario
 * Back by Midnight (2004) – 'Rusty'
 * Diamond Zero (2005) – Augustine Garza
 * All In (2006) – Dr. Hamilton
 * 10th & Wolf (2006) – Agent Thornton
 * A Modern Twain Story: The Prince and the Pauper (2007) – Officer Harold
 * The Nail: Joey Nardone Story (2009) – Petey
 * PriMates (2010) – Ray
 * Sinatra Club (2010) – Castellano
 * Exodus Fall (2011) – Ford Ashworth
 * The Unlikely's (2012) – Gerald Maxwell
 * The Independents (2013) – David The Barber
 * Fragments from Olympus: The Vision of Nikola Tesla (2013) – Henry
 * On Painted Wings (2014) – The Boss
 * Gotti (2018) – Bobby Boriello

TV appearances

 * Hill Street Blues – Domestic Beef – Season 3, episode 2 (1982) – Jon Gennaro
 * Hill Street Blues – Heat Rash – Season 3, episode 3 (1982) – Jon Gennaro
 * Hill Street Blues – Rain of Terror – Season 3, episode 4 (1982) – Jon Gennaro
 * T.J. Hooker – Lady in Blue – Season 2, episode 22 (1983) – Joe Tate
 * Mike Hammer, Private Eye – Satan, Cyanide and Murder – Season 1, episode 10 (1984)
 * Partners in Crime – Season 1, episodes 1–13 (1984) – Lieutenant Ed Vronsky
 * Cagney & Lacey – Victimless Crime – Season 3, episode 3 (1984) – Moslovsky
 * ABC Afterschool Specials – One Too Many – Season 13, episode 7 (1985) – Mr. Jenkins
 * Hunter – Case X – Season 2, episode 1 (1985) – Tony Cochran
 * Steven Spielberg's Amazing Stories – Mr. Magic – Season 1, episode 8 (1985) – Murray
 * Hardcastle and McCormick – In the Eye of the Beholder – Season 3, episode 20 (1986) – Marvin
 * T.J. Hooker – Into the Night – Season 5, episode 17 (1986) – Salvatore Martel
 * Cagney & Lacey – Role Call – Season 6, episode 5 (1986) – Public Relations Man
 * Stingray – Anytime, Anywhere – Season 2, episode 13 (1987) – Johnny
 * CBS Summer Playhouse – Reno and Yolanda – Season 1, episode 13 (1987) – Ricky Barron
 * A Year in the Life – Goodbye to All That – Season 1, episode 15 (1988) – Mel
 * The Bronx Zoo – Career Day – Season 2, episode 5 (1988) – Tauber
 * Simon & Simon – Simon & Simon and Associates – Season 8, episode 2 (1988) – Al Krantz
 * 21 Jump Street – Slippin' Into Darkness – Season 3, episode 2 – (1988)- Sergeant Walker
 * Tour of Duty – Saigon: Part 1 – Season 2, episode 1 (1989) – Jake Bridger
 * Tour of Duty – Saigon: Part 2 – Season 2, episode 2 (1989) – Jake Bridger
 * Murder, She Wrote – Murder on Madison Avenue – Season 8, episode 22 (1992) – Lieutenant Hornbeck
 * Mr. & Mrs. Smith – The Impossible Mission Episode – Season 1, episode 11 (1996) – Shelley
 * In Cold Blood (miniseries) (1996) – Agent Harold Nye
 * Frasier – Liar! Liar! – Season 4, episode 10 (1997)
 * Early Edition – Mob Wife – Season 1, episode 13 (1997) – Frank Pirelli
 * JAG – Dungaree Justice – Season 4, episode 12 (1999) – Peter Reardon
 * Sons of Thunder – Lost & Found – Season 1, episode 4 (1999) – Anthony Cardone
 * ER – Humpty Dumpty – Season 6, episode 7 (1999) – Detective Cruson
 * ER – Family Matters – Season 6, episode 10 (2000) – Detective Cruson
 * Falcone – Pilot – Season 1, episode 1 (2000) – Noah Dietrich
 * Falcone – Double Exposure – Season 1, episode 4 (2000) – Noah Dietrich
 * Falcone – But Not Forgotten – Season 1, episode 7 (2000) – Noah Dietrich
 * Falcone – Paying the Piper – Season 1, episode 9 (2000) – Noah Dietrich
 * Judging Amy – Rights of Passage – Season 3, episode 8 (2001) – Mr. Schmeltzer
 * Without a Trace – Candy – Season 5, episode 2 (2006) – Leo

Writer

 * We're Talking Serious (1992) – Writer (also Charlie)
 * Mafioso: The Father, the Son (2004) – Writer (also Vito Lupo)
 * Gotti (2017) – Writer (also Bobby Boriello)

Producer

 * We're Talkin' Serious (1992) – Co-Producer
 * Relentless 3 (1993) – Co-Producer
 * Relentless IV: Ashes to Ashes (1994) – Co-Producer
 * 10th & Wolf (2006) – Producer
 * The Nail: The Story of Joey Nordone (2009) – Producer
 * PriMates (2010) – Co-Producer

Music department

 * Project X (1987) – Vocalizations

Self

 * Actors Entertainment (TV series), episode ActorsE Chat with Joe Sabatino and Leo Rossi (2009)
 * Actors Reporters Interviews (TV Series), episode Exclusive Interviews with Working Actors Peter Onorati, Leo Rossi, James Quattrochi, Joe Sabatino (2009)
 * The Nightmare Isn't Over: The Making of Halloween II (2012)

title: Leo Rossi


title: User:Sango123/Babel


text:
User talk:Bleah~enwiki

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Unfortunately, additions such as the Flying Spaghetti Monster emblem that you made up have no place on the Wikipedia. The article is not to be used as a giant in-joke. If you don't want to see the image go to waste, please upload it to http://uncyclopedia.org, where your contribution will be gladly accepted. --Ardonik.talk* 19:29, August 20, 2005 (UTC)

Speedy deletion nomination of File:Flying spaghetti monster emblem.jpg
A tag has been placed on File:Flying spaghetti monster emblem.jpg requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done under section F1 of the criteria for speedy deletion, because the image is an unused redundant copy (all pixels the same or scaled down) of an image in the same file format, which is on Wikipedia (not on Commons), and all inward links have been updated.

If you think that this notice was placed here in error, you may contest the deletion by adding  to the top of the page that has been nominated for deletion (just below the existing speedy deletion or "db" tag - if no such tag exists then the page is no longer a speedy delete candidate and adding a hangon tag is unnecessary), coupled with adding a note on the talk page explaining your position, but be aware that once tagged for speedy deletion, if the page meets the criterion, it may be deleted without delay. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag yourself, but don't hesitate to add information to the page that would render it more in conformance with Wikipedia's policies and guidelines. Tim 1357  talk  02:01, 20 May 2010 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Bleah. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Bleah~enwiki that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name. If you think you might own all of the accounts with this name and this message is in error, please visit Special:MergeAccount to check and attach all of your accounts to prevent them from being renamed.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 22:40, 19 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 11:07, 22 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Bleah~enwiki


text:
List of United States ODI cricketers

A One Day International (ODI) is a cricket match between two representative teams, each having ODI status, as determined by the International Cricket Council (ICC). The United States (U.S.) played its first ODI under the captaincy of Richard Staple at the Kennington Oval, London on September 10, 2004 against New Zealand in 2004 ICC Champions Trophy. The U.S. played a total of two matches during this tournament and lost both, failing to qualify for the semifinals. The U.S. gained ODI status 15 years later after finishing in the top four of the 2019 ICC World Cricket League Division Two, thus securing a place in the 2019–21 ICC Cricket World Cup League 2.

To date, 42 players have represented the United States in ODI matches.

Player list

 * Statistics are correct as of July 6, 2023.

title: List of United States ODI cricketers


text:
Liang Xi

Liang Xi (died 230), courtesy name Ziyu, was an official of the state of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms period of China. He was from Zhe County (柘縣), Chen Commandery (陳郡), which is around present-day Zhecheng County, Henan. He served as the Inspector of Bing Province. At one time, he achieved compliance from the Xiongnu to then settle the frontier and to launch an agricultural sericulture (silk production from silkworm) industry.

He was later promoted to the position of Minister of Finance (大司農) in 228.

title: Liang Xi


text: Template:Football kit box

title: Template:Football kit box


text:
Skuteč

Skuteč (Skutsch) is a town in Chrudim District in the Pardubice Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 5,100 inhabitants.

Administrative parts
The villages of Borek, Hněvětice, Lažany, Lešany, Lhota u Skutče, Nová Ves, Radčice, Skutíčko, Štěpánov, Zbožnov, Zhoř and the town part of Žďárec u Skutče are administrative parts of Skuteč. Lešany forms an exclave of the municipal territory.

Geography
Skuteč is located about 18 km southeast of Chrudim and 26 km southeast of Pardubice. It lies mostly the undulating and hilly landscape of the Iron Mountains, the northern part of the municipal territory extends into the Svitavy Uplands. A part of the Anenské Valley Nature Reserve around the Anenský Brook is located in the territory.

History
The first written mention of Skuteč is from 1289. The settlement was located on a side trade route. Skuteč was promoted to a town probably in the first half of the 14th century. It was one of the larger towns in the region. Its development was slowed down by the Thirty Years' War. In 1862 and 1867, the town was severely damaged by large fires.

Economy
Skuteč is significantly associated with shoemaking, represented by the company Botas, and for granite mining. While mining is still active, shoe production in Skuteč ended in 2022, and it is being considered to move the brand's production elsewhere.

Transport
Skuteč is located on the railway line Pardubice–Svitavy.

Education
The town has two primary schools and Vítězslav Novák Art School. Since 2000, there is the Gymnasium of the Sovereign Maltese Knights Order.

Culture
Since 2003, the town hosts Tomášek's and Novák's Musical Skuteč, an annual festival of classical music and choir singing.

Sights
The most notable buildings are the churches. The main landmark of the town centre is the Church of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary. It was originally built in the late Gothic style, then it was rebuilt in the Renaissance style and modified in the Baroque style. However, many late Gothic elements have been preserved.

The Church of the Corpus Christi was built in the Gothic style in 1391–1392. It was reconstructed in 1812. In 1865–1866, after it was damaged by the 1862 fire, it was reconstructed again and its Gothic appearance was restored.

The Church of Saint Wenceslaus is a rural church located in Lažany. It dates from the third quarter of the 14th century. The originally Gothic building was reconstructed and modified several times in the 16th–18th centuries.

The Church of Saint Matthias is located in Štěpánov. It was founded in 1349. It is also a rural church with a complicated construction history. Its present form is mainly a result of the Renaissance and late Baroque reconstructions.

The birthplace of the most famous native, composer Václav Tomášek, is a folk architecture house from the 18th century with a small exhibition of his life and work.

Notable people

 * Václav Tomášek (1774–1850), composer and music teacher
 * Vítězslav Novák (1870–1949), composer; lived and died here
 * Jaromír Funke (1896–1945), photographer
 * Jiří Zástěra (1913–1983), football player and manager
 * Jan Tesař (born 1933), historian
 * Tomáš Malinský (born 1991), footballer

title: Skuteč


text:
Independence Day (India)

Independence Day is celebrated annually on 15 August as a public holiday in India commemorating the nation's independence from the United Kingdom on 15 August 1947, the day when the provisions of the Indian Independence Act, which transferred legislative sovereignty to the Indian Constituent Assembly, came into effect. India retained King George VI as head of state until its transition to a republic, when the Constitution of India came into effect on 26 January 1950 (celebrated as Indian Republic Day) and replaced the dominion prefix, Dominion of India, with the enactment of the sovereign law Constitution of India. India attained independence following the independence movement noted for largely non-violent resistance and civil disobedience led by Indian National Congress under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi who adopted these values from one of the early movements in India led by Ram Singh Kuka (quoted in one of the letters by Shaheed Bhagat Singh referring Guru Ram Singh as his Dada Guru).

Independence coincided with the partition of India, in which British India was divided into the Dominions of India and Pakistan; the partition was accompanied by violent riots and mass casualties, and the displacement of nearly 15 million people due to religious violence. On 15 August 1947, the first Prime Minister of India, Jawaharlal Nehru raised the Indian national flag above the Lahori Gate of the Red Fort in Delhi. On each subsequent Independence Day, the incumbent Prime Minister customarily raises the flag and gives an address to the nation. The entire event is broadcast by Doordarshan, India's national broadcaster, and usually begins with the shehnai music of Ustad Bismillah Khan. Independence Day is observed throughout India with flag-hoisting ceremonies, parades and cultural events. It is a national holiday.

History
European traders had established outposts in the Indian subcontinent by the late 17th century. Through overwhelming military strength, the East India Company fought and annexed local kingdoms and established themselves as the dominant force by the 18th century. Following the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the Government of India Act 1858 led the British Crown to assume direct control of India. In the decades following, civic society gradually emerged across India, most notably the Indian National Congress Party, formed in 1885. The period after World War I was marked by colonial reforms such as the Montagu–Chelmsford Reforms, but it also witnessed the enactment of the unpopular Rowlatt Act and calls for self-rule by Indian activists. The discontent of this period crystallised into nationwide non-violent movements of non-cooperation and civil disobedience, led by Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi.

During the 1930s, the reform was gradually legislated by the British; Congress won victories in the resulting elections. The next decade was beset with political turmoil: Indian participation in World War II, the Congress' final push for non-cooperation, and an upsurge of Muslim nationalism led by the All-India Muslim League. The escalating political tension was capped by Independence in 1947. The jubilation was tempered by the bloody partition of colonial India into India and Pakistan.

Independence Day before Independence
Hasrat Mohani was the first person in Indian History who demanded 'Complete Independence' (Azadi-e-Kaamil), at the 1929 session of the Indian National Congress, the Purna Swaraj declaration, or "Declaration of the Independence of India" was promulgated, and 26 January was declared as Independence Day in 1930. The Congress called on people to pledge themselves to civil disobedience and "to carry out the Congress instructions issued from time to time" until India attained complete independence. Celebration of such an Independence Day was envisioned to stoke nationalistic fervour among Indian citizens, and to force the British government to consider granting independence. The Congress observed 26 January as the Independence Day between 1930 and 1946. The celebration was marked by meetings where the attendants took the "pledge of independence". Jawaharlal Nehru described in his autobiography that such meetings were peaceful, solemn, and "without any speeches or exhortation". Gandhi envisaged that besides the meetings, the day would be spent " ... in doing some constructive work, whether it is spinning, or service of 'untouchables,' or reunion of Hindus and Mussalmans, or prohibition work, or even all these together". Following actual independence in 1947, the Constitution of India came into effect on and from 26 January 1950; since then 26 January is celebrated as Republic Day.

Immediate background
In 1946, the Labour government in Britain, its exchequer exhausted by the recently concluded World War II, realised that it had neither the mandate at home, the international support nor the reliability of native forces for continuing to maintain control in an increasingly restless India. On 20 February 1947, Prime Minister Clement Attlee announced that the British government would grant full self-governance to British India by June 1948 at the latest.

The new viceroy, Lord Mountbatten, advanced the date for the transfer of power, believing the continuous contention between the Congress and the Muslim League might lead to a collapse of the interim government. He chose the second anniversary of Japan's surrender in World War II, 15 August, as the date of power transfer. The British government announced on 3 June 1947 that it had accepted the idea of partitioning British India into two states; the successor governments would be given dominion status and would have an implicit right to secede from the British Commonwealth. The Indian Independence Act 1947 (10 & 11 Geo 6 c. 30) of the Parliament of the United Kingdom partitioned British India into the two new independent dominions of India and Pakistan (including what is now Bangladesh) with effect from 15 August 1947, and granted complete legislative authority upon the respective constituent assemblies of the new countries. The Act received royal assent on 18 July 1947.

Partition and independence
Millions of Muslim, Sikh and Hindu refugees trekked the newly drawn borders in the months surrounding independence. In Punjab, where the borders divided the Sikh regions in halves, massive bloodshed followed; in Bengal and Bihar, where Mahatma Gandhi's presence assuaged communal tempers, the violence was mitigated. In all, between 250,000 and 1,000,000 people on both sides of the new borders died in the violence. While the entire nation was celebrating the Independence Day, Gandhi stayed in Calcutta in an attempt to stem the carnage. On 14 August 1947, the Independence Day of Pakistan, the new Dominion of Pakistan came into being; Muhammad Ali Jinnah was sworn in as its first Governor General in Karachi.

The Constituent Assembly of India met for its fifth session at 11 pm on 14 August in the Constitution Hall in New Delhi. The session was chaired by the president Rajendra Prasad. In this session, Jawaharlal Nehru delivered the Tryst with Destiny speech proclaiming India's independence.

Long years ago we made a tryst with destiny, and now the time comes when we shall redeem our pledge, not wholly or in full measure, but very substantially. At the stroke of the midnight hour, when the world sleeps, India will awake to life and freedom. A moment comes, which comes but rarely in history when we step out from the old to the new when an age ends, and when the soul of a nation, long suppressed, finds utterance. It is fitting that at this solemn moment, we take the pledge of dedication to the service of India and her people and to the still larger cause of humanity. The members of the Assembly formally took the pledge of being in the service of the country. A group of women, representing the women of India, formally presented the national flag to the assembly.

The Dominion of India became an independent country as official ceremonies took place in New Delhi. Nehru assumed office as the first prime minister, and the viceroy, Lord Mountbatten, continued as its first governor general. Gandhi's name was invoked by crowds celebrating the occasion; Gandhi himself however took no part in the official events. Instead, he marked the day with a 24-hour fast, during which he spoke to a crowd in Calcutta, encouraging peace between Hindus and Muslims.

Celebration

Independence Day, one of the three National holidays in India (the other two being the Republic Day on 26 January and Mahatma Gandhi's birthday on 2 October), is observed in all Indian states and union territories. On the eve of Independence Day, the President of India delivers the "Address to the Nation". On 15 August, the Prime Minister hoists the Indian flag on the ramparts of the historical site of Red Fort in Delhi. In his speech, the Prime Minister highlights the past year's achievements, raises important issues and calls for further development. He pays tribute to the leaders of the Indian independence movement. The Indian national anthem, "Jana Gana Mana", is sung. The speech is followed by a march past of divisions of the Indian Armed Forces and paramilitary forces. Parades and pageants showcase scenes from the independence struggle and India's diverse cultural traditions. Similar events take place in state capitals where the Chief Ministers of individual states unfurl the national flag, followed by parades and pageants. Until 1973, the Governor of the State hoisted the National Flag at the State capital. In February 1974, the Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu, M. Karunanidhi took up the issue with then Prime Minister Indira Gandhi that the Chief Ministers, like the Prime Minister, should be allowed to hoist the national flag on Independence Day. Since 1974, Chief Ministers of the respective states have been allowed to hoist the national flag on Independence Day.

Flag-hoisting ceremonies and cultural programmes take place in governmental and non-governmental institutions throughout the country. Schools and colleges conduct flag hoisting ceremonies and various cultural events. Governmental and non-governmental institutions decorate their premises with paper, balloon decorations with hangings of freedom fighter portraits on their walls and major government buildings are often adorned with strings of lights. In Delhi and some other cities, kite flying adds to the occasion. National flags of different sizes are used abundantly to symbolise allegiance to the country. Citizens adorn their clothing, wristbands, cars, household accessories with replicas of the tri-colour. Over a period of time, the celebration has changed emphasis from nationalism to a broader celebration of all things India.

The Indian diaspora celebrates Independence Day around the world with parades and pageants, particularly in regions with higher concentrations of Indian immigrants. In some locations, such as New York and other US cities, 15 August has become "India Day" among the diaspora and the local populace. Pageants celebrate "India Day" either on 15 August or an adjoining weekend day.

Black day
Kashmiris throughout the Kashmir Valley have observed India's independence day as a 'black day' since the late 1980s. General strike and a civil curfew is organised with ceremonial burning of the Indian flag. Most shops remain closed and a reduced traffic is seen on the roads. Black flags are hoisted on buildings throughout the India-administered Kashmir. Its purpose is to send a message to the international community that India has usurped Kashmiris’ inalienable right to self-determination through the use of force.

Security threats
As early as three years after independence, the Naga National Council called for a boycott of Independence Day in northeast India. Separatist protests in this region intensified in the 1980s; calls for boycotts and terrorist attacks by insurgent organisations such as the United Liberation Front of Assam and the National Democratic Front of Bodoland, marred celebrations.

With increasing insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir from the late 1980s, separatist protesters boycotted Independence Day there with bandh (strikes), use of black flags and by flag burning. Terrorist groups such as Lashkar-e-Taiba, the Hizbul Mujahideen and the Jaish-e-Mohammed have issued threats, and have carried out attacks around Independence Day. Boycotting of the celebration has also been advocated by insurgent Maoist rebel organisations.

In the anticipation of terrorist attacks, particularly from militants, security measures are intensified, especially in major cities such as Delhi and Mumbai and in troubled states such as Jammu and Kashmir. The airspace around the Red Fort is declared a no-fly zone to prevent aerial attacks and additional police forces are deployed in other cities.

Since the assassination of Indira Gandhi, prime ministers would give their speeches from behind a bullet-proof glass panel. Since 2014, when Narendra Modi was elected as prime minister, he did away with this tradition. Nevertheless, additional intense measures were taken to ensure security of Modi.

In popular culture
On Independence Day and Republic Day, patriotic songs in regional languages are broadcast on television and radio channels. They are also played alongside flag-hoisting ceremonies. Patriotic films are broadcast. Over the decades, according to The Times of India, the number of such films broadcast has decreased as channels report that audiences are oversaturated with patriotic films. The population belonging to Generation Y often combine nationalism with popular culture during the celebrations. This mixture is exemplified by outfits and savouries dyed with the tricolour and garments that represent India's various cultural traditions. Shops often offer Independence Day sales promotions. Some news reports have decried the commercialism. Indian Postal Service publishes commemorative stamps depicting independence movement leaders, nationalistic themes and defence-related themes on 15 August.

Independence and partition inspired literary and other artistic creations. Such creations mostly describe the human cost of partition, limiting the holiday to a small part of their narrative. Salman Rushdie's novel Midnight's Children (1980), which won the Booker Prize and the Booker of Bookers, wove its narrative around children born at midnight of 14–15 August 1947 with magical abilities. Freedom at Midnight (1975) is a non-fiction work by Larry Collins and Dominique Lapierre that chronicled the events surrounding the first Independence Day celebrations in 1947. Few films centre on the moment of independence,  instead highlighting the circumstances of partition and its aftermath. On the Internet, Google has been commemorating Independence Day of India since 2003 with a special doodle on its Indian homepage.

title: Independence Day (India)


text:
User:WikipediaClock

I am WikipediaClock!

title: User:WikipediaClock


text:
Vikramarjuna Vijaya

Vikramarjuna Vijaya (Kannada- ವಿಕ್ರಮಾರ್ಜುನ ವಿಜಯ) (Victory of the Mighty Arjuna), also known as Pampa Bharatha  is a classic work of the 10th century Jain poet Pampa (902–975 AD). It is a Kannada version of the great epic, the Mahabharata of Vyasa. Pampa chose Arjuna, the central figure of the Pandava Clan, as the protagonist of his epic. This work differs from Mahabharata in several aspects, one of them being Arjuna crowned as king and Subhadra as queen after the Kurukshetra war, instead of Yudhishthira and Draupadi, respectively.

A court poet of Chalukya king Arikesari II, a Rashtrakuta feudatory, he is most known for his epics, Vikramarjuna Vijaya (Pampa Bharata) and Adipurana, both written in Champu style, which he created and which served as the model for all future works in Kannada. The works of Jain writers Adikavi Pampa, Sri Ponna and Ranna, collectively called the "three gems of Kannada literature," heralded the age of classical Kannada in the 10th century, the Medieval Kannada literature.

History
Vikramarjuna Vijaya is a 10th-century work of Adikavi Pampa.

Content
This work is not an abridged version of Vyasa's Mahabharata, but, rather, a recreation of the original in the cultural context of Karnataka and the religious context of Jainism. The relatively less dominant and slightly Machiavellian role given to Krishna is a major change.

Pampa was the court poet of Chalukya King Arikesari, a Rashtrakuta feudatory. The work acquires a historical significance because of the equation made by the poet between Arjuna and Arikesari his patron king belonging to the Ganga dynasty. This work was trendsetting in Kannada in terms of both subject and form.

title: Vikramarjuna Vijaya


text:
User talk:Drputo

Welcome
Hi and welcome to wikipedia. I hope you like it and decide to stay. Here are some handy links for newcomers. Also you can sign your name on talk pages and vote pages with three tildes like this ~~~, and your name with a time stamp with four like this ~~~~. If you have any questions, ask me on my talk page. Howabout1 Talk to me! 19:31, August 20, 2005 (UTC)
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title: User talk:Drputo


text:
Fauxbourdon

Fauxbourdon (also fauxbordon, and also commonly two words: faux bourdon or faulx bourdon, and in Italian falso bordone) – French for false drone – is a technique of musical harmonisation used in the late Middle Ages and early Renaissance, particularly by composers of the Burgundian School. Guillaume Dufay was a prominent practitioner of the form (as was John Dunstaple), and may have been its inventor. The homophony and mostly parallel harmony allows the text of the mostly liturgical lyrics to be understood clearly.

Description
In its simplest form, fauxbourdon consists of the cantus firmus and two other parts a sixth and a perfect fourth below. To prevent monotony, or create a cadence, the lowest voice sometimes jumps down to the octave, and any of the accompanying voices may have minor embellishments. Usually just a small part of a composition employs the fauxbourdon technique.

Hymn singing
In a hymn, the term is sometimes used when the congregation sings in parallel octaves, with some singers singing a descant over the melody, but the term was historically used to indicate an arrangement of the tune in four parts with the melody in the tenor voice, such as those composed by sixteenth- and seventeenth-century English composers including John Dowland, Giles Farnaby, and Thomas Ravenscroft.

History
The earliest explicit example of fauxbourdon may be in the manuscript I-BC Q15 (Bologna, Museo Internazionale e Biblioteca della Musica, MS Q15), compiled around 1435, which contains several examples, including one by Dufay dating probably to around 1430. Since many early 15th century compositions are anonymous, and dating is often problematic, exact determination of the authorship of the earliest fauxbourdon is difficult. Dufay's contribution to this collection contains the first actual use of the term, in the closing part of his Missa Sancti Jacobi. It is possible that his use of the word "bourdon" was intended as a pun on St. James' "staff" (which Dufay, or the copyist, drew in miniature above the music). Cividale, Museo Civico MS 101 has a work "O salutaris hostia" (f. 82v) which seems to be a work of fauxbourdon, but not labelled as such.

The earliest definitely datable example of fauxbourdon is in a motet by Dufay, Supremum est mortalibus, which was written for the treaty reconciling the differences between Pope Eugene IV and Sigismund, after which Sigismund was crowned as Holy Roman Emperor, which happened on 31 May 1433. In this motet, which is for four voices, when the tenor—the lowest voice—drops out, the upper three voices proceed in fauxbourdon.

Even though its first use appears to have been in Italy, fauxbourdon was to become a defining characteristic of the Burgundian style which flourished in the Low Countries through the middle of the 15th century. Composers such as Gilles Binchois, Antoine Busnois, and Johannes Brassart all frequently used the technique, always adapting it to their personal styles.

A related, but separate, development took place in England in the 15th century, called faburden. While superficially similar, especially in that it involved chains of 6–3 chords with octave-fifth consonances at the ends of phrases, faburden was a schematic method of harmonization of an existing chant; in the case of faburden, the chant was in the middle voice.

title: Fauxbourdon


text:
Talk:Shao Kahn

Untitled
When in MK Deception is Shao Kahn portrayed as 6' 8"? Did they say that in Konquest?

 * I don't believe his height is ever mentioned, this scale is simply assumed. Remember to include your username with four tildes (~) in the future. Goroliath

Remember that Raiden's height as stated by the MK1 Comic, and MK:DA is 7'. In MK2 and 3, Kahn is much bigger than Raiden, and his height almost matches Goro, so I'd predict him around 7'6. In the new games though, he looks much smaller and is probably around 7' like Raiden is. I suppose his loss of height can come from his loss of the power he had from the souls he absorbed in MK2 as a canon explanation. Remember, this is just my opinion.

Silver Fang 08:34, 15 May 2007 (UTC)

Trivia
"If time expired with a round ending in an even draw (both players sustaining no damage) in MKII, a disgusted Kahn shouted an expletive."

Can anyone confirm this statement (or possibly clarify it a bit). I just got through playing MK2 and nothing happens when you neither opponent takes a hit and time runs out. It just goes to Game Over screen. Is this for a certain gaming system or just the arcade version? I was playing the SNES MKII. HumanZoom 09:56, 29 June 2006 (UTC)

 * I've tested this bit of trivia out with a copy of MK2 as well and Khan doesn't say an expletive. In fact... He doesn't say a thing. I'm nuking the statement until it's proven otherwise. VoLiTioN 03:08, 1 July 2006 (UTC)

Colon/semicolon
--You people seriously need to take an english class. That's not how you use a colon. Use a semi-colon.

And only ONE space is need/expected between a period and the next sentence. This is a mess.. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 67.182.109.42 (talk • contribs)

 * Feel free to explain exactly why a semicolon is better: Semicolon and Colon

 * As for the spaces between periods and sentences, I agree, but it doesn't matter; double spaces in the edit box render as single spaces in the article, so it doesn't matter. EVula 14:28, 5 August 2006 (UTC)
 * The second instance could use a semicolon, though a colon is also acceptable in that instance (and makes more sense, as the first part seems like a fragment), depending on how the sentence structure is interpreted. The first one is definitely a colon. Virogtheconq 17:46, 5 August 2006 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Shao Kahn comic.jpg
Image:Shao Kahn comic.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.BetacommandBot 03:40, 6 June 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Shao Kahn.JPG
Image:Shao Kahn.JPG is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot (talk) 22:25, 5 December 2007 (UTC)

Greatest Video Game Villain
If he didn't win, can we still put that he was in the standings up until round 3? http://www.gamespot.com/greatest-video-game-villain/standings/index.html?tag=content_nav%3Bsubnav%3Bresults Sincerely Subzerosmokerain (talk) 21:43, 10 September 2010 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20120929141220/http://www.ugo.com/games/mortal-kombat-characters?page=4 to http://www.ugo.com/games/mortal-kombat-characters?page=4

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External links modified (January 2018)
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 2 external links on Shao Kahn. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20131105173916/http://www.screwattack.com/shows/originals/death-battle/death-battle-shao-kahn-vs-m-bison to http://www.screwattack.com/shows/originals/death-battle/death-battle-shao-kahn-vs-m-bison
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20130316074314/http://www.ugo.com/games/mortal-kombat-characters-shao-kahn to http://www.ugo.com/games/mortal-kombat-characters-shao-kahn

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Someone replace the infobox jpg with png
This or another - I already uploaded a substitute png but it's not very good. SNAAAAKE!! (talk) 11:27, 16 September 2018 (UTC)

New Mortal Kombat mention.
No mention of Shao Kahn from the new Mortal Kombat movie yet in the "Other appearances section". Alkqn (talk) 04:59, 20 March 2021 (UTC)

Sorry, there is no mention whatsoever. Alkqn (talk) 05:00, 20 March 2021 (UTC)

Shao Kahn is one of the most celebrated villains in video games
That is quite the claim. I have never heard of the guy for once. Please provide abundant sourcing for this bold claim, otherwise I suggest we remove this sentence. --109.250.23.148 (talk) 12:15, 15 November 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Shao Kahn


text:
Softcore Jukebox

Softcore Jukebox is a compilation album put together by English electronic music band Ladytron. It was released on 7 October 2003 through Emperor Norton Records. It features different styles of music from rock to hip hop. It also includes two songs performed by Ladytron—the single remix of "Blue Jeans" renamed "Blue Jeans 2.0" and a cover of Tweet's "Oops Oh My".

Background
Regarding this compilation, Daniel Hunt said: "We chose an unmixed format as the majority of these songs would be murdered if beat-matched... some of them are completely impossible to do so, best to leave the tracks as nature intended. From around 40 speculative selections, 18 were cleared by the labels/artists concerned for the final release. The cover photo was taken at 3am while the band were staying in a Swedish chateau during the Hultsfred Festival". Featuring band members Mira Aroyo and Helen Marnie, it references the cover art for Roxy Music's 1974 album Country Life.

Reception
Softcore Jukebox has received generally positive reviews from music critics. AllMusic rated the album 3 and half stars and mentioned that "while Softcore Jukebox is rather lengthy at 77 minutes, this multi-tasking collection -- which manages to be a mix album, an Invicta Hi-Fi mini-sampler, and a brief history of post-punk, dream pop, and dance -- is consistently entertaining".

In an A− review, Spin mentioned that "this painfully stylish electroclash quartet could have sprung fully formed from a coolhunter's forehead, but the role of DJ-mix tastemaker is one they were born to play". Andrew Unterberger of the Stylus Magazine gave an A rating and wrote "so no, Ladytron themselves might not have composed most of the music here, but they did compile 18 great songs, several of which you've probably never even heard of before, into an impeccable party mix which might be the best single disc of music you'll hear all year. And for that, Ladytron's efforts should be rewarded".

According to Rob Mitchum from Pitchfork, "they've created a fantastic dance-party playlist, but one that could just as easily have been posted on their website as a guide-map through the Soulseek wilderness". The compilation was rated 7.0 out of 10. Softcore Jukebox has been described by Carleton Curtis from XLR8R as "a veritable user's guide to good taste".

Track listing

 * 1) "Soon" – My Bloody Valentine
 * 2) "Hit the North, Part 1" – The Fall
 * 3) "What's a Girl to Do" – Cristina
 * 4) "Peng" – Dondolo
 * 5) "The 15th" – Wire
 * 6) "Blue Jeans 2.0" – Ladytron
 * 7) "Saviour Piece" – Snap Ant
 * 8) "Big" – New Fast Automatic Daffodils
 * 9) "Feel Good Hit of the Fall" – !!!
 * 10) "Teenage Daughter" – Fat Truckers
 * 11) "Hey Mami" (Sharaz Mix) – Fannypack
 * 12) "Manila" (Headman Remix) – Seelenluft
 * 13) "You Got the Love" – The Source featuring Candi Staton
 * 14) "Crazy Girls" – Codec and Flexor
 * 15) "Oops Oh My" – Ladytron
 * 16) "Send Me a Postcard" – Shocking Blue
 * 17) "Twins" – Pop Levi
 * 18) "Some Velvet Morning" – Lee Hazlewood and Nancy Sinatra

title: Softcore Jukebox


text:
Talk:Margulis (Xenosaga)

To whoever comes to this page:

PLEASE!!! HELP ME!!! I need to get a Margulis picture up here, but there's a huge problem. See, I don't know where I can get a loyalty-free picture of Margulis. So if someone has the time, can you get a picture of Margulis for me? Thanks!! UberNauf 19:33, August 20, 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Margulis (Xenosaga)


text:
User talk:Brobbo

Welcome!

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, please be sure to sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~~~) to produce your name and the current date, or three tildes (~~~) for just your name. If you have any questions, you can post to the help desk or ask me on my talk page. Again, welcome! EdwinHJ | Talk 19:34, 20 August 2005 (UTC)
 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
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 * Manual of Style

title: User talk:Brobbo


text:
Talk:Cuisine of Costa Rica

Gallo pinto, as well as other meals, are common to a lot of latin american countries. To claim ownership of it is as silly as trying to proof who invented a word.

There is not such thing as tradinitional costariican dinner. In costa rica, despite of efforts by NGOs, the mainstrem culture still diminishes other cultures, like the caribbean and the pacific. Costrican culture has historically been synonyms with the culture of the capital city.

i deleted the meaningless sentence "they also have flan"...is it really important?Jollyjoegiant 02:47, 1 March 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:Cuisine of Costa Rica


text:
Tanja Poutiainen

Tanja Tuulia Poutiainen (born 6 April 1980) is a retired World Cup alpine ski racer from Finland. She specialized in the technical events of slalom and giant slalom, and was the silver medalist in the women's giant slalom at the 2006 Winter Olympics in Torino.

Born in Rovaniemi, Lapland, Poutiainen started skiing at the age of three. She became junior world champion in slalom in 1997 at Schladming, Austria, and also took bronze in the super-G; she made her World Cup debut that March at Vail in the United States. At the 1999 Junior World Championships, she placed third in the giant slalom at Pra-Loup, France.

Poutiainen scored her first World Cup victory – and the first for a female Finnish alpine skier – on 28 February 2004 in a slalom held on home snow in Levi, Finland – the first alpine World Cup race to be held in the country. In the 2005 World Cup season, Poutiainen won the season titles in both the slalom and giant slalom, and placed fifth in the overall standings. Along the way she won three slaloms, a giant slalom and secured ten podium finishes. At the 2005 World Championships, she placed second in the giant slalom behind Anja Pärson of Sweden and second in the slalom behind Janica Kostelić of Croatia – the first alpine World Championship medals for a Finnish female.

The 2009 season saw Poutianen take another World Cup discipline title, in giant slalom, as well as bronzes in slalom and giant slalom at the World Championships in Val d'Isère.

Poutiainen was notable for her consistency, and between January 2007 and March 2011 she successfully completed every World Cup race she entered – a total of 67.

At the end of the 2014 season, Poutiainen had 11 World Cup victories, 48 podiums, and three World Cup discipline titles. She was trained by Michael Bont and lives in St. Gallen, Switzerland. She announced her retirement in March 2014.

Race victories
11 wins – (5 giant slalom, 6 slalom)

title: Tanja Poutiainen


text:
Category talk:Ships of the Russian Navy

The Svoiet and Russian Navy ship categories should be combined It is easier that way It has been done for the Soviet/Russian aircraft Dudtz 8/20/05 3:36 PM EST

title: Category talk:Ships of the Russian Navy


text: User talk:71.14.120.150

title: User talk:71.14.120.150


text: Talk:Chris Cornell

title: Talk:Chris Cornell


text:
Calm Air

Calm Air International LP. is a full service airline, offering passenger, charter and freight services in northern Manitoba and the Kivalliq Region of Nunavut. It is owned by Exchange Income Corporation with its main base in Winnipeg, Manitoba.

History
The airline was established and started operations in 1962. It was founded by Carl Arnold Lawrence Morberg (1936-2005) and his wife, Gail, as a charter service in northern Saskatchewan. In 1976 it took over the Transair passenger service in the Northwest Territories. In 1981, Calm Air took over many of the passenger and cargo routes of Lamb Air. Canadian Airlines acquired a 45% holding in Calm Air in 1987.

On April 8, 2009 Calm Air was purchased by the Exchange Income Corporation (EIC) which also owns Perimeter Aviation, PAL Airlines, Bearskin Airlines, Custom Helicopters and Keewatin Air.

Airline partnerships
Calm Air has codeshare agreement with Canadian North.

Destinations
As of January 2023, Calm Air operates daily scheduled air services to the following communities:
 * Manitoba
 * Churchill (Churchill Airport)
 * Flin Flon (Flin Flon Airport)
 * Gillam (Gillam Airport)
 * The Pas (The Pas Airport)
 * Thompson (Thompson Airport)
 * Winnipeg (Winnipeg James Armstrong Richardson International Airport)
 * Nunavut
 * Arviat (Arviat Airport)
 * Baker Lake (Baker Lake Airport)
 * Chesterfield Inlet (Chesterfield Inlet Airport)
 * Coral Harbour (Coral Harbour Airport)
 * Naujaat (Naujaat Airport)
 * Rankin Inlet (Rankin Inlet Airport)
 * Sanikiluaq (Sanikiluaq Airport)
 * Whale Cove (Whale Cove Airport)

Fleet

As of September 2021, the following aircraft are listed by Transport Canada as being registered to Calm Air: In addition, Calm Air has access to Boeing 737 Classic 400 series from Canadian North.

title: Calm Air


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Adrian Serioux

Adrian Serioux (born May 12, 1979) is a Canadian retired professional soccer player who played as a defender.

Club career
After playing college soccer for the University of New Haven, Serioux started his pro career with the Toronto Lynx in the A-League. After the 2002 A-League season came to a conclusion he was loaned to the Mississauga Olympians of the Canadian Professional Soccer League. He made his debut on September 11, 2002, in an Open Canada Cup match against the Toronto Croatia in a 1–1 draw. He would record his first goal for the club on October 4, 2002, in a 4–3 victory over Vaughan Sun Devils. Serioux helped the Olympians secure a playoff berth by finishing second in the Western Conference, but unfortunately were defeated by the North York Astros in a wild card match, where he failed to show up for the match.

He then moved to England to join Millwall. Serioux is known to have one of the longest throws in the sport, once setting up a goal against Leicester City, from a throw-in at the halfway line. Opponents tend to stay close to him at throw-ins, he once got himself sent off by throwing the ball at Lee Cook's face from close range during a game against Queens Park Rangers.

Major League Soccer
Serioux joined the MLS in March 2006, signing with the MetroStars, leaving England in order to take care of his ill mother. However, he never played for the club, and was traded to Houston Dynamo in exchange for Danny O'Rourke before the regular season started. After one season with Houston, where Serioux played well and helped the team to the MLS Cup, he was drafted by Toronto FC in 2006 MLS Expansion Draft. He stayed with Toronto for only a few hours before being dealt to FC Dallas for Ronnie O'Brien. In his first season with FC Dallas he was held to only ten games because of a serious injury.

In May 2008, Serioux was fined $1,000 for a dangerous tackle on David Beckham, after telling The Sun newspaper that he and a few other players would be "going after" the England international midfielder.

Serioux was traded to Toronto FC on February 24, 2009, for a first round pick and allocation money.

Serioux's contract was not renewed by Toronto FC for the 2010 MLS Season. Houston Dynamo traded a third round 2011 MLS SuperDraft pick for his rights.

After the 2010 MLS season Houston declined Serioux's contract option and he elected to participate in the 2010 MLS Re-Entry Draft. Serioux became a free agent in Major League Soccer when he was not selected in the Re-Entry draft.

International career
He made his debut for Canada in an August 2004 World Cup qualification match against Guatemala. By December 2009, he earned a total of 19 caps, scoring one goal. He has so far represented Canada in eight FIFA World Cup qualification matches.

Career statistics

 * Scores and results list Canada's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Serioux goal.

Honours
Houston Dynamo
 * Major League Soccer MLS Cup: 2006
 * Major League Soccer Western Conference Championship: 2006

Toronto FC
 * Canadian Championship: 2009

title: Adrian Serioux