text:
User talk:Whitehousefulford

Welcome!
Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, please be sure to sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~~~) to produce your name and the current date, or three tildes (~~~) for just your name. If you have any questions, you can post to the help desk or ask me on my talk page. Again, welcome! Rob Church Talk 01:07, 30 August 2005 (UTC)
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Image Tagging Image:manning.jpg
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Unreferenced BLPs
Hello Whitehousefulford! Thank you for your contributions. I am a bot notifying you on behalf of the the unreferenced biographies team that 1 of the articles that you created  is currently tagged as an Unreferenced Biography of a Living Person. The biographies of living persons policy requires that all personal or potentially controversial information be sourced. In addition, to ensure verifiability, all biographies should be based on reliable sources. If you were to bring this article up to standards, it would greatly help us with the current Category:All_unreferenced_BLPs article backlog. Once the article is adequately referenced, please remove the unreferencedBLP tag. Here is the article:

Thanks!--DASHBot (talk) 09:38, 19 August 2010 (UTC)
 * 1) Mick Manning -

title: User talk:Whitehousefulford


text:
Nathan's Famous

Nathan's Famous, Inc. is an American company that operates a chain of fast-food restaurants specializing in hot dogs. The original Nathan's restaurant stands at the corner of Surf and Stillwell Avenues in the Coney Island neighborhood of Brooklyn, New York City. The company's headquarters are at One Jericho Plaza in Jericho, part of Oyster Bay, New York.

History
Nathan's began as a nickel hot dog stand in Coney Island in 1916 and bears the name of its co-founder Nathan Handwerker (1892–1974), who started the business with his wife, Ida Handwerker, née Greenwald. Ida created the hot dog recipe they used, and Ida's grandmother created the secret spice recipe. Because Nathan's Famous all-beef hot dogs lacked rabbinic supervision and the meat wasn't kosher, Handwerker coined the term "kosher style" because the hot dogs were not made from pork or horse meat.

Handwerker was a Jewish-Polish immigrant who arrived in New York City in 1912 and soon found work at the Coney Island, Brooklyn, restaurant Feltman's German Gardens. By one account, he was encouraged by singing waiters Eddie Cantor and Jimmy Durante to go into business in competition with Feltman's; as United Press International noted in 1974, "There are many stories about Nathan and how the business began, but this is the way he told it..." The company's official history does not mention the future stars' encouragement. Nathan and Ida spent their life savings of $300 (worth about $7,000 as of May 2018, accounting for inflation) to begin the business.

Handwerker undercut Feltman's by charging five cents for a hot dog when his former employer was charging 10 cents. At a time when food regulation was in its infancy and the pedigree of the hot dog particularly suspect, Handwerker ensured that men wearing surgeon's smocks were seen eating at his stand to reassure potential customers. The business proved immensely popular.

The expansion of the chain was overseen by Nathan Handwerker's son, Murray Handwerker. A second branch on Long Beach Road in Oceanside, New York, opened in 1959, and another debuted in Yonkers, New York, in 1965. Murray Handwerker was named the president of Nathan's Famous in 1968, the year the company went public.

All locations were sold by the Handwerker family to a group of private investors in 1987, at which point Nathan's was franchised and a great number of establishments were opened around New York City and beyond. In the 1990s, the company acquired Kenny Rogers Roasters and Miami Subs Grill, both of which were later divested.

, the company consisted of 24 company-owned units, 380 franchised or licensed units and more than 1,400 stores in 50 states, Guam, the District of Columbia, and 17 foreign countries, including Kandahar Airfield, Afghanistan. One unit was lost due to the collapse of 2 World Trade Center in the 9/11 attacks.

International master franchise agreements were signed (circa 2006) with Egypt and Israel. The company also owns the exclusive co-branding rights to the Arthur Treacher's Fish and Chips chain.

On March 28, 2017, it was announced that Nathan's Famous had reached a sponsorship deal with Major League Baseball, allowing the company to market itself as the official hot dog brand of the league. While Nathan's was already the official hot dog brand of the New York Mets, New York Yankees, Miami Marlins, and St. Louis Cardinals (the sponsorship does not restrict teams from making similar deals with competitors), the deal marked the first time that Major League Baseball had named an official hot dog sponsor.

Nathan's hot dogs are primarily manufactured by Smithfield Foods, a subsidiary of China's WH Group. Nathan's Hot Dogs can also be found in stores for retail sale, usually in the lunch meat aisle.

In 2002, Home Depot and Nathan's terminated a co-locating partnership which offered Nathan's space within certain Home Depot stores in New York.

Original location
, the original Nathan's hot dog stand still exists at its original 1916 site. Having been open for business every day, 365 days a year, the stand was forced to close on October 29, 2012, due to Hurricane Sandy. The shop re-opened six months later, on May 21, despite a small fire on May 4, 2013. Service is provided year-round inside, and during the summer additional walk-up windows are opened to serve the larger seasonal crowds. The original location still features fried frog legs, which have been a Nathan's menu item since the 1950s. It is not offered at any other Nathan's locations. Nathan's also operates a second, smaller location nearby on the Coney Island boardwalk.

Hot dog eating contest

The Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Contest has been held annually at the original location on Coney Island since the early 1970s on the 4th of July. Contestants try to consume as many hot dogs as possible in 10 minutes. Winners include Takeru Kobayashi (2001–2006), Joey Chestnut (2007–2014, 2016–2023) and Miki Sudo (women's 2014–2018). In 2008, Chestnut tied Kobayashi after eating 59 hot dogs and buns in 10 minutes. The tie resulted in a five hot dog eat-off, which Chestnut won by consuming all five before Kobayashi. In 2018, Chestnut consumed 74 hot dogs and buns for a new world record.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Nathan's Famous


text: File:Dead Or Alive Pete Burns.jpg

title: File:Dead Or Alive Pete Burns.jpg


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Signalling System R2

Signalling System R2 is a signalling protocol for telecommunications that was in use from the 1960s mostly in Europe, and later also in Latin America, Asia, and Australia, to convey exchange information between two telephone switching systems for establishing a telephone call via a telephone trunk. It is suitable for signaling on analog as well as digital circuits.

R2 signaling specifications were first published by the International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee (CCITT) in ITU White Book Volume VI of 1969, and are maintained by the International Telecommunication Union Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) in Recommendations Q.400 through Q.490. The name R2 is a derived from a designation as Regional System No. 2.

R2 signaling methods may be logically divided into two protocol groups. The line signaling group comprises supervisory signals for call setup and termination, while interregister signaling uses in-band multifrequency signals to transfer calling-party and called-party addressing information.

Signaling information
A signalling protocol may be visualized by two contexts: the information it conveys, and the location of participants in the network.

Each R2 national variant conveys at least the following. Forward is the direction from the dialling telephone's switch to the called telephone's switch, and backward is the inverse direction:

Line signalling
R2 line signalling is a family of protocols that govern the resource acquisition and resource release related to a two-party telephone call attempt and, if successful, the establishment of a two-party telephone call. Although in the 1960s R2 line signalling was represented as electrical pulses on a two-wire or four-wire circuit, by the latter 1970s these analog electrical pulses also could be represented in digital form by a signalling DS0 channel in the trunk, which is normally channel 16 in an E1 trunk.

Register signalling
R2 register signalling is a family of protocols that govern the conveyance of addressing information during the addressing phase and how the call attempt turned out during the disposition phase. Although in the 1960s R2 register signalling was represented by electromechanical devices that could generate multi-frequency audio tones and by electromechanical devices that could detect those audio tones, by the latter 1970s these electromechanical registers also could be represented by digitized PCM audio in DS0 channels of an E1 other than the R2 line signalling DS0 channel in that E1.

Standards
R2 signalling refers to a vast number of variants of R2 that resemble each other to varying degrees. For most R2 variants, each such variant of R2 is promulgated by the PTT of each nation and/or by a telecommunications equipment manufacturer who addressed that national market with a nation-specific adaptation of one of their products.

The international version of R2 is an inter-nation protocol for R2 signalling that crosses national boundaries, and is neither a superset nor a subset of any national variant of R2. Conversely, each national variant of R2 is intra-nation. The international standard R2 was first promulgated by CEPT in the 1970s and then later by ITU-T with only modest evolution.

Signalling variants
R2 line signalling variants that support R2 line signalling in its electrical-pulse form by dedicated two-wire or four-wire circuits usually represent each signal as two different pulse lengths (e.g., 150 milliseconds versus 600 milliseconds), where the two different meanings of those two different pulse lengths varies by context.

R2 line signalling variants that support R2 line signalling in its digital form via the A, B, C, and D bits in DS0 channel #16 of an E1 fall into two general categories: those that use only the A bit to represent each signal and those that use multiple A, B, C, and D bits to represent each signal, with using only two, the A bit and the B bit being by far the most common. Those that use only the A bit, strongly resemble the analog electrical R2 line signalling, where each signal is a timed pulse that differs by length of time that the pulse is in the high voltage (i.e., one-valued bit) state before returning to the untimed resting voltage state (i.e., zero-valued bit). Those that use multiple bits to represent each signal usually are stateful in that time of exhibition of that bit pattern typically plays no role in conveying meaning.

Multifrequency tones
All R2 register signalling variants use a combination of two frequencies of audio signals. Each pair of frequencies is called a multi-frequency tone, or MF tone. Each call attempt has an origination end and a termination end, both to the multi-span call as well as for each span within that multi-span call routing. The origination end is called the outgoing register in R2 parlance. The termination end is called the incoming register in R2 parlance. The outgoing register transmits forward MF tones to the incoming register. The incoming register transmits backward MF tones to the outgoing register. The outgoing register detects backward MF tones arriving from the incoming register. The incoming register detects forward MF tones arriving from the outgoing register. The outgoing register transmits the first signal, but from that point forward the outgoing register merely passively responds to the prompting driven by each signal transmitted by the incoming register. (In apt modern-era proleptic terms, the outgoing register's first push signal to the incoming register is similar to a peer-to-peer message, whereas the incoming register's pull signals, which request information from the outgoing register, are client–server, where the client is the incoming register and the server is the outgoing register.)

Nomenclature
R2 is a mnemonic for Regional System No. 2. Regional System No. 1, R1, was the CCITT designation for North American multi-frequency signaling (MF) practiced in the Bell System, although in practice that term is rarely used for MF signalling.

Later in the 20th century, use of R2 signalling spread beyond Europe to all regions of the globe, including Mexico on the North American continent.

The European market consisted of a large number of national telecommunications administrations, but unlike the Bell System, these were not usually integrated with an equipment manufacturer. Instead a large number of independent vendors of equipment emerged in Europe though the 20th century in a very competitive market, tendering for business from European PTTs. A more open set of technical standards developed, particularly under the auspices of CEPT and later ETSI. This allowed interconnection, interoperability and communication between a more diverse range of equipment types and telecommunication administrations.

European equipment vendors such as Ericsson, Siemens and the European ITT affiliates, amongst others became major suppliers to telecommunication administrations around the world bringing technologies like Ericsson’s ARF and ITT’s Pentaconta crossbars to many markets. European derived standards were adopted more readily around the world than the proprietary standards of Bell System and Western Electric. As a result, R2 has even found sparse use in Canada, which is largely under the influence of Bell System standardization.

R2 signalling was also used for register signaling within many European switching systems of that era, notably in Ericsson’s AR- crossbar systems. It was used for inter station communication and for communication between parent and remote switches.

title: Signalling System R2


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User talk:Albert ip

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, please be sure to sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~~~) to produce your name and the current date, or three tildes (~~~) for just your name. If you have any questions, you can post to the help desk or ask me on my talk page. Again, welcome! Shimgray 01:10, 30 August 2005 (UTC)
 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
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History of the world
I have reverted the personal comments you inserted in the article. If you want to comment on improvements of the article, please do so at the talk page of the article. Also, your claim that China had their Bronze Age and Iron Age much earlier than the rest of the world is not true, just take a look at the info box on the right side of the articles Bronze Age and Iron Age. China was actually somewhat of a latecomer regarding the use of these particular metals. Mesopotamia, Egypt and Europe was a couple of centuries earlier than China regarding the use of bronze, and the Chinese iron age occurred half a millenium after the first recorded use of iron in Anatolia (where its use quickly spread to the surrounding areas). Thanks. --Saddhiyama (talk) 10:35, 10 January 2012 (UTC)

title: User talk:Albert ip


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Jesse Niinimäki

Jesse Niinimäki (born August 19, 1983) is a Finnish professional ice hockey forward who is currently a free agent. He was last under contract with the Nikko Icebucks of the Asia League Ice Hockey having signed for the team on July 20, 2017, but ultimately never played for the team. Niinimäki was selected by the Edmonton Oilers in the first round (15th overall) of the 2002 NHL Entry Draft.

Playing career
Niinimäki spent the 2004–05 season with the Edmonton Road Runners in the American Hockey League and Ilves, and signed with Jokerit for the 2005–06 season. After a disappointing fall season, Niinimäki was released from his contract with Jokerit in January 2006, and hired by JYP for the rest of the season.

After the 2005–06 season, Niinimäki moved to Sweden and played for Elitserien side Luleå HF in 37 games. Niinimäki also played for the German DEL team Krefeld Pinguine. The tenure in Germany lasted for 9 games plus 2 games in the playoffs. After completion of the 2006–07 season Niinimäki returned to Luleå but was released during September 2007. Niinimäki was acquired by Swiss Nationalliga A team HC Davos, but in January 2008 he returned to HPK.

Personal life
He is the son of former Finnish international footballer, Jari Niinimäki.

title: Jesse Niinimäki


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Christopher Vane, 1st Baron Barnard

Christopher Vane, 1st Baron Barnard (21 May 1653 – 28 October 1723), was an English peer. He served in Parliament for Durham after his brother, Thomas, died 4 days after being elected the MP for Durham. Then, again from January 1689 to November 1690 for Boroughbridge. He served in the Commons as a Whig collaborator during the passage of the Bill of Rights which his father, Sir Henry Vane the Younger, had fought for religious and civil liberty  before his beheading in 1662. He is known for his disputes with his heirs and for employing Peter Smart, father of the poet Christopher Smart, as a steward.

Early life
Christopher Vane was the son of Henry Vane the Younger and Frances Wray, daughter of Sir Christopher Wray. He inherited Raby Castle, Durham, and Fairlawne, Kent, on the beheading of his father at Tower Hill in 1662.

Career
Vane was MP for County Durham from 1675 to 1679, and a Whig sitting for Boroughbridge from January 1689 to November 1690 (removed by petition of Sir Brian Stayplton). He was made a Privy counsellor in July 1688, and in 1698, was created Baron Barnard of Barnard Castle by William III.

During his time at Raby Castle, Christopher hired John Bazire and Peter Smart, father of Christopher Smart. A struggle between his wife and his daughter-in-law Lucy Jolliffe ensued after 1703 and Christopher refused to pay the inheritance annuity to his son, William, after William was to be given the Fairlawne estate. Christopher accomplished this task by giving Fairlawne and Raby Castle to John Bazire and Peter Smart "for the use of the said Lord Barnard and his heirs forever." William took a lawsuit over the inheritance to the House of Lords, and during this time Christopher and his wife lived at Raby Castle.

Family
On 9 May 1676, he married Elizabeth Holles, daughter of Gilbert Holles, 3rd Earl of Clare. There was immediate bad feeling between Christopher and Elizabeth, on one side, and her brother and co-heir John Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne. They had three children:

 * Henry Vane (1676–1676), died in infancy.
 * Gilbert Vane, 2nd Baron Barnard (1678–1753), married to Mary Randyll (1681–1728), mother of Anne, mistress of Frederick, Prince of Wales.
 * William Vane, 1st Viscount Vane (c. 1680–1734), married to Lucy Jolliffe.

Later years
When his son Gilbert married Mary Randyll, Elizabeth started a quarrel with her daughter-in-law, which forced Christopher and Elizabeth to move back to Fairlawne. Mary was described as "scandalous" by Christopher Vane (and it was thought that her daughter, Anne Vane, followed her mother's example. In 1712, Christopher hired John Proud, the steward of Raby Castle, to engage 200 workmen to strip the castle. Owen Stanley Scott described the way that the castle was stripped:
 * "of its lead, glass, doors, and furniture, even pulling up the floors, cutting down the timber, and destroying the deer, and 'of a sudden in three days' did damage to the tune of £3000, holding a sale at which the household goods, lead, etc., were sold for what they would fetch"

In response, Gilbert sued Christopher for the damages to the castle in the case Vane vs. Lord Barnard 1716.

He died on 28 October 1723, aged 70 at Shipbourne, Kent, and was buried in the parish church. He wrote in a codicil to his will that Peter Smart would receive £40 a year. Also, he bequeathed £200 to Christopher Smart and £50 to the other children of Peter Smart. The reason for Christopher Smart's legacy has been seen by some as a sign that the future poet was "the pride of Fairlawne"; others disagree without an offered explanation. Christopher Smart never received this money, as it was tied up and lost in a court battle. In response to this loss, Henry Vane, 1st Earl of Darlington, Christopher's grandson through Gilbert, took the young Christopher Smart in at Raby Castle and paid for his education at Durham School.

title: Christopher Vane, 1st Baron Barnard


text:
User:Fvw/TalkArchive/10

Sorry
My apologies for this edit at Three-revert rule. It was careless of me. SlimVirgin (talk) 02:45, August 30, 2005 (UTC)
 * Not at all, it was bold. These things are bad when the issue is one of disagreement over meaning, but language errors don't matter, that's what the whole collaborative editing is for. [[Image:WikiThanks.png|Thanks]] for trying to improve WP:3RR. --fvw *  02:54, August 30, 2005 (UTC)

Michael Molovinsky
Michael Molovinsky - Any reason why you removed nn-bio? --NeilN 05:21, 30 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Running as a mayoral candidate could be seen as a claim to notability. When in doubt, VfD. --fvw *  05:22, August 30, 2005 (UTC)

I think he does have a claim to notability. He is an official candidate who's name will appear on the balot. He also will participate in the debates with the other two candidates. In Allentown he is gaining popularity and regular appears on local talk radio.

are you cool and funny? i like cool and funny people... why did you try and delete my entry? i was just researching blog law.

RFC
I've deleted that RFC; it had hardly any response, and seemed to have been abandoned within hours of its creation. Radiant_ >|< 10:27, August 30, 2005 (UTC)

Boris Johnson
Hello. Well, he did present Have I Got News for You a couple of times, which would mean he's eligible for inclusion in Category:British television presenters. However, being a "panellist, not to mention an interviewee" does not qualify him for inclusion in the parent Category:British television (otherwise that category would be full of politicians, because they've been interviewed!). I'm trying to recategorise articles in this category into their relevant subcats (if you feel like helping ouit, I'll be more than happy...). If you still think that the presenters cat is inappropriate, Johnson will have to be removed from the hierarchy altogether. The JPS 11:40, 30 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Good point, I've reverted myself. Thanks for spelling it out for me. --fvw *  11:42, August 30, 2005 (UTC)
 * On second thought, do we want to put all the guest presenters in the presenters cat? It does kind of dilute it with lots of people who aren't really presenters but just happen to have done something where they're really more of a guest but doing it in the formal style of a presenter. Still, I'll leave that up to you, you've obviously given this some thought. --fvw *  11:44, August 30, 2005 (UTC)
 * Well none of the other guest presenters are in that category (having just checked the list at HIGNFY - other than those, of course, who are presenters in their own right), so I guess it would be best to remove him. The JPS 11:55, 30 August 2005 (UTC)

Vincent Venom's Creature Feature
Yeah I think you're right, it isn't a quickie (but vfds are so slow I sometimes interpret the quickie policy a little liberally...) Cdyson37 12:11, 30 August 2005 (UTC)

Re:Barnstar
Aw, thank you so much. The comments regarding my early RFA voting were long overdue. I have to go down the list of my first contributions to see if I offended anyone else. x_x Thanks again. :P Acetic Acid ( talk ) 12:48, August 30, 2005 (UTC)

Reverted edits
Hi Fvw, I wanted to inform you that your edit to the Kraftwerk article was reverted because I believe a compromise has already been reached. And btw, it does say that they were influential in the Guardian article, just see the 7th paragraph. ;) Regards, Andylkl (talk) 13:05, August 30, 2005 (UTC)

Votes for deletion/Valladaras
Hi Fvw. Let me clear up some points Yours, Sjakkalle (Check!)  13:19, 30 August 2005 (UTC)
 * A "consensus" to delete implies a general agreement, and to me, a single voice cannot really constitute that, so when I close VFD debates without any votes apart from the nomination, I send them back to VFD for further discussion. It is not a way of saying that your reason for wanting the article deleted is wrong.
 * Yup, I totally agree with that, sorry if that didn't come across. While it's true that not only did I have consensus but I was unanimous, more opinions are necessary, especially for something that isn't exactly clear-cut.
 * I decided to mention the subst:vfd vs vfd because I noticed that the link to the debate was red. That was a reminder targeted at everyone, and not just you.
 * Ok, I still don't agree but by all means remind those you've convinced.
 * There are about a thousand articles around with VFD tags on them, and it is a load on the server if all of them need to be transcluded.
 * Not that much really. VfDed articles get very little traffic on the grand scale of things, if you want to talk major load savings, try substing stuff like current and the main page templates. We could subst in lots of templates, and yes it would save CPU cycles, however in the long run the software is working for us and not the other way around. Transcluded templates are the right thing to do design-wise. If using this feature causes load problems (which it doesn't, the load problems were caused by people editing meta-templates that were included on huge numbers of pages like the meta-stub template) we need to either fix the servers/software or decide that for stuff like tags transclusion isn't technologically feasible (which would be bollocks, but at least we'd be consistant in our bollocks).
 * It wasn't my idea to start a revert war on the VFD template... I have never edited it.
 * Nope, I didn't mean to imply that, just venting a little, sorry you got in the way.
 * Pretty much everyone's, --fvw *  13:32, August 30, 2005 (UTC)

Hi
I noticed that you were going through vandalism problems, so I'll put your page on my watchlist.

Could you please change my username from User:Dbraceyrules to User:V.Molotov. Thanks, D. J. Bracey (talk) 19:14, 30 August 2005 (UTC)

Thanks! re: User:Andres.
I'm not sure that WP:AIV was the correct place to report that. For future reference, where should I report such impersonators? Was WP:VIP the right place? Thanks, -- Gyrofrog (talk) 19:14, 30 August 2005 (UTC)
 * For the clear-cut cases like this WP:AIV is fine as far as I'm concerned, if you're a little flexible in reading Vandalism you can include imposter usernames as either sneaky vandalism or changing people's comments. If it's not absolutely crystal clear that it's an intentional impersonation WP:AN/I would probably be the correct venue. --fvw *  19:20, August 30, 2005 (UTC)
 * OK, thanks again. -- Gyrofrog (talk) 19:29, 30 August 2005 (UTC)

subst:vfd
Can I just remind you to subst: the VfD tag? It's especially important at the moment as the templates are being changed fairly often and not-substing means the links break when the template is changes. Thanks. -Splash 22:50, 30 August 2005 (UTC)
 * There were quite a few of your nominations with redlinks in the VfD tags. I've cleaned them all up. subst: is always good for VfD, but especially at the moment.-Splash 23:09, 30 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Huh? Everybody subst:s the vfd tag! Even the instruction on WP:VFD ask for it to be subst:'d. It reduces server load and, at the moment, circumvents any revert wars on the templates. I'm not sure I quite understand. Not subst:ing must have produced nearly 10 broken VfD tags yesterday. My comment was not a comment on the current rename question, just a reminder that we are asked to subst: the VfD templates, so I'm not sure of why the section 3 up from here is related. -Splash 13:21, 31 August 2005 (UTC)
 * A little further down in the rant, I meant this bit:

 * Not that much really. VfDed articles get very little traffic on the grand scale of things, if you want to talk major load savings, try substing stuff like current and the main page templates. We could subst in lots of templates, and yes it would save CPU cycles, however in the long run the software is working for us and not the other way around. Transcluded templates are the right thing to do design-wise. If using this feature causes load problems (which it doesn't, the load problems were caused by people editing meta-templates that were included on huge numbers of pages like the meta-stub template) we need to either fix the servers/software or decide that for stuff like tags transclusion isn't technologically feasible (which would be bollocks, but at least we'd be consistant in our bollocks).
 * --fvw *  13:23, August 31, 2005 (UTC)

Well, ok. You evidently don't like subst: for some reason. But lately redlinks in VfD tags have resulted in split VfD debates and confusion among newbies over why they are looking at either a redirect for editing or a blank page. Since the templates seem to have stabilised, I suppose the problem has largely gone away. Although I suppose you must have been subst:ing vfd2 and vfd3 (or not using them) since otherwise the VfDs wouldn't have been editable by non-admins. -Splash 13:30, 31 August 2005 (UTC)
 * I'm fine with subst, but only for stuff where it's necessary and labour-saving, not for all tags. This wouldn't have caused any trouble with the namechange if people hadn't been so overeager to change the name and thought it out first. (The correct order of doing this was 1) bot-move all discussions from VfD to AfD leaving the redirects 2) change the template 3) optionally remove the redirects if nothing links to them. That way no links would have been broken and that nasty edit war on template:vfd presumably wouldn't have occurred). As for vfd2 and vfd3, you're right, I don't use them, I find it's less typing to just type and copy+paste the header myself. If I did use them I'd have no problem with substing them though, because as you point out, there's a technical reason why it's necessary. Hope that clears things up. --fvw *  13:38, August 31, 2005 (UTC)
 * Ok. And you're right about how the VfD namechange should have been done. Some people are a little to...err...bold. -Splash 13:40, 31 August 2005 (UTC)

Omega Red pic
Heya, on what grounds is Image:OMEGAR.JPG a speedy deletion candidate? --fvw* 05:39, August 30, 2005 (UTC)

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_talk:T-1000"

I think it is a copyright violation. It is Dave Dervies' personal artwork (not a comic cover or panel), of which he plan to sell on his website. Nobody asked his permission of whether or not it could be on wikipedia or not. T-1000 02:28, 31 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Then you'll have to take it to WP:CP or WP:IFD, speedy deletion is just for pages that fulfill one of the speedy deletion criteria. --fvw *  13:17, August 31, 2005 (UTC)

Cameron wilson
Hi, I noticed that you deleted the Cameron Wilson article as speedy, do you think you could do the same to his original Cameron wilson? Otherwise, from what I've seen of this character he'll probably revert the redirect that's there now back to his 1,000 word eulogy to himself. Thanks in advance PubLife 14:07, 31 August 2005 (UTC)
 * You're right, I've been forgetting to check what links here far too often. Thanks for your vigilance! --fvw *  14:10, August 31, 2005 (UTC)
 * No problem, thank you for getting rid of the Ego so switfly! PubLife 14:23, 31 August 2005 (UTC)

Bavarian Reaction 1920
Okay maybe it's not a quickie (in fact looking at the criteria it isn't - I'm sorry), however I do strongly believe it should be deleted. The original article was a one liner and totally incoherent, and subsequent edits are antisemitic. Perhaps the Kapp Putch page should have something about Bavarian reaction on it, but not this - there's virtually no content and no reason to suspect any degree of accuracy. -- Cdyson37 14:35, 31 August 2005 (UTC)
 * There's more than one tool in the box. Why not merge the content that's there and turn it into a redirect, or if you see nothing salvagable, take it to WP:VfD. --fvw *  14:37, August 31, 2005 (UTC)
 * VfDed. I've left the merge suggestion there, we'll see what people think. I promise not to use speedy without citing a specific valid criterion in future! -- Cdyson37 14:46, 31 August 2005 (UTC)

Grumpy Old Man
I don't understand why you removed the CSD tag on this article. It's clearly an attack on elderly gentlemen. It is flooded with stereotypes. There is a movie called Grumpy Old Men, which would be fine to write about. But this isn't a movie. It's nonsense. Acetic ' Acid  16:22, August 31, 2005 (UTC)
 * POV violations aren't CSDs, and I don't think this qualifies as an attack page. We have lots of pages describing stereotypes, many of which have passed VfD. Still, feel free to give it (vfd) a shot. --fvw *  16:28, August 31, 2005 (UTC)
 * Okay. I'll leave it alone for now. I just don't think the editor's intentions were good while writing it. As for AIW, I'm surprised I haven't been kicked out yet after all the speedies and VfDs I've done. :P Acetic  ' Acid  16:32, August 31, 2005 (UTC)
 * Don't let this stop your from VfDing it, I'd be the first to agree that as it stand it's a terrible article, it's just not a CSD that's all. As for the AIW, come to the ADW instead, our parties are much better. --fvw *
 * ADW? Ew... :P I've been invited by a few people to join that long acronym association. That will probably be my next move. But I have to memorize the name first. Acetic  ' Acid  08:50, September 1, 2005 (UTC)

Deletion
Ok Fvw I understand, but how do you know if a person qualifys for notability. - Nathparkling

More efficient handling of indefinitely-blocked users
Hi fvw,

Please see: Village_pump_%28technical%29. What do you think?

Images on commons
Heya, images on commons aren't speedy deletion candidates, tag them with instead.

 * Why's that? I transferred all the information there. --Eleassar my talk 18:01, 31 August 2005 (UTC)

 * I'm not quite sure to tell you the truth, I've been away for half a year and wasn't here when the matter was discussed. If you want to change it, the best place to take it up is Wikipedia talk:Candidates for speedy deletion. --fvw *  23:38, August 31, 2005 (UTC)

Image:Soviet coat of arms.jpg
The new image in Commons is Image:Soviet coat of arms.png. I uploaded Image:Soviet coat of arms.jpg in a moment of weakness and I would like it deleted, please. Alr 18:11, 31 August 2005 (UTC)
 * So it is, when I checked this afternoon it wasn't there, I might have typoed though. Moved to commons isn't a speedy deletion candidate by the way, you should use the nowcommons template for that. Still, as you're the only person to edit the page, you're entitled to a speedy delete of it, as it would appear has already happenned.
 * On a marginally unrelated note, I notice the version you uploaded to commons is significantly smaller in dimensions than the previous version is. Is that on purpose? --fvw *  23:46, August 31, 2005 (UTC)

Re: Soviet COA

 * No it wasn't on purpose. I just uploaded the first version of the image to replace the incorrect, though better looking version uploaded by User:Berkut. I didn't really check, I'm afraid to say. Alr 23:49, 31 August 2005 (UTC)

Thanks
Thanks for the help on my Talk page; however, I'd prefer to leave up the unexpurgated version for a little while longer before dumping it into my archive. No offense, I hope. --Calton | Talk 02:23, September 1, 2005 (UTC)
 * Knock yourself out, it's your talk page. --fvw *  02:24, September 1, 2005 (UTC)

"userfy"
hello. what is "userfy"? Kzzlfy 04:08, 1 September 2005 (UTC)
 * See Guide to Votes for deletion. --fvw *  04:09, September 1, 2005 (UTC)

what would be the easiest way to userfy?
I'm sorry. I figured out how to set the templates up step by step. how does one set up a template linked to a category under one's user page? McVonn 04:20, 1 September 2005 (UTC)
 * There's no need for a category as it's only for your page anyway, no need to clutter up the template namespace. You can include subpages of your userpage just like you include templates, make sure to specify the entire name, including the user: part. --fvw *  04:21, September 1, 2005 (UTC)

Pittenween
Pittenweem is a tiny village in Scotland. I created the article because it is refered to at my article Unreformed House of Commons. I mistakenly typed "n" instead of "m". That's all. I don't mind what you do with it. Adam 04:47, 1 September 2005 (UTC)

Thanks
Thanks for your rapid reversion of my user page. I've been quite busy and haven't been doing much RC patrol, so it's been a while since my page was vandalized. I was beginning to feel unloved. Although it was nice of this vandal to leave my WP:MCOTW and Cleanup Taskforce templates in place. Anyway, nice to see you around again. — Knowledge Seeker দ 06:52, September 1, 2005 (UTC)

hola
JK said it was cool to use dzl lang code. . I'm going to bed for tonite. I'll be back tomorrow evening or the next day. McVonn 06:59, 1 September 2005 (UTC)
 * I'm afraid that was a miscommunication or he was mistaken, you have to put it as a subpage of your user page. --fvw *  07:56, September 1, 2005 (UTC)

Wow!
Thanks for saving me the hassle of reverting that odd little bit of spamming/vandalism/whatever on my talk page. I'm agog at the fact you did it within four minutes of it having been posted! What witchery or dark art is this?! Cheers, Silverhelm 06:59, 1 September 2005 (UTC)
 * You're welcome. The trick is reading Special:Recentchanges. --fvw *  08:02, September 1, 2005 (UTC)

sorry about that
Sorry, somehow my anti-willy pagemove block bot got you, even though all admins are supposed to be automatically excluded. My apologies. -- Curps 07:18, 1 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Ah, so that's what it was. Cool, but you shouldn't be running it before getting Bots approval though. --fvw *  07:25, September 1, 2005 (UTC)

The bot is supposed to exclude all admins... somehow I left your name off the list. I'll go back to List of administrators and make sure I've got everyone. I realize it's dangerous to run an automated block bot, but it's extremely effective against Willy. It's blocked the last 11 or 12 incarnations, usually after less than 20 or so pagemoves. The last time a traditional block of a Willy incarnation was done (User:Dieseldrinker), he made about 200 page moves before he was stopped and it took hours to clean up. -- Curps 07:26, 1 September 2005 (UTC)

I did post about it at Administrators' noticeboard/Incidents. Basically the Willy pagemove vandalism was getting to be an emergency, he's now capable of doing about 90 pagemoves per minute. Traditional blocking with a reaction time of several minutes doesn't suffice anymore. We really need pagemove throttling... can you look into it? -- Curps 07:29, 1 September 2005 (UTC)

By the way, on the day that "Dieseldrinker" struck (August 26), Willy attacked no less than 8 times. I think he really planned something massive that day. -- Curps 07:30, 1 September 2005 (UTC)

 * Yeah, it's a good idea, my point is just that AN/I is not the place to get permission for it, Bots is. Page move vandalism is annoying but it's not that big a deal that we need to ignore all rules to put a stop to it. --fvw *  07:34, September 1, 2005 (UTC)

Sorry, but I disagree. Willy has ramped up his attacks, he's automated them to go much faster than before. I did mention about 90 pages a minute, no?

Cleaning up the Dieseldrinker mess took several admins and non-admins a couple of hours. Just ask User:Ahoerstemeier how much fun it was. And when it was done, Willy tried to strike again. That's just too much to cope with. It's a full-scale emergency. I did not seek approval at Bots, I just announced it at AN/I, and believe me, nobody involved in the Willy cleanup objected. See the discussion Administrators%27_noticeboard/Incidents. I do plan to continue running it, even when I'm not around to supervise it... it's simply a necessity. If you wish to raise the issue somewhere, you're free to do so.

PS, I think the problem was, you're still listed as "inactive" on List of administrators. I'll add every admin there to the no-block list, including the inactive ones. That should fix it. My apologies once again. You must have been using an automated process to do that many page moves, I set the threshold quite high. -- Curps 07:41, 1 September 2005 (UTC)

 * I was on the cleanup, that barnstar on my user page isn't just there because it looks pretty. I'm still going to have to ask you to get permission the proper way and disable the blocker until then. And no, I was manually moving pages. --fvw *  07:45, September 1, 2005 (UTC)

 * Sorry, but I'm declining to do so. I will keep running the block bot.  I have now set the threshold considerably higher, this should be sufficient to avoid triggering on any manual page moves, and I've added all the "inactive" admins to the do-not-block list.  This should be enough to prevent nearly all collateral damage.

 * You may disagree, but please think very carefully before taking any action to block the bot (which by necessity runs under my account, as it needs admin privilege)... abstract principles are nice, but there is an urgent need to prevent massive vandalism on a scale that we simply could not cope with.

 * Once again, we are no longer dealing with the traditional Willy pagemove vandalism from previous months. He always used to stop after about 40 or so pages.  Sometimes we didn't even block him in time, he just stopped of his own accord.  Some say that he was simply loading pagemoves into Mozilla tabs and doing a series of 40 or so manually.  However, the "Dieseldrinker" incarnation ran at a rate of about 90 pagemoves a minute and did not stop until blocked.  This is far more than we can cope with using traditional methods.  We urgently need some kind of pagemove throttling or pagemove undo.

 * If you wish to raise the issue anywhere else other than at AN/I, feel free to do so. An RfC perhaps, if you wish.  In the meantime I will keep running the bot.  I urgently request that you do not block it (me)... if you did, I would most likely unblock myself.

 * -- Curps 08:14, 1 September 2005 (UTC)

 * Oh, and no, I'm not volunteering to write the mediawiki limit, I'm not even editing here anymore, I've just lapsed slightly. --fvw *  07:34, September 1, 2005 (UTC)

Regarding your barnstar, yes I'm certain you have participated in past Willy cleanups, as have I and many others. However, I just took a look through your contributions history and I notice you were inactive most of the day on August 26. It's that specific day I'm referring to. Please page though Special:Log/move for August 26 and see what happened. He launched eight attacks, the first one moved 200 pages, and the other seven were all blocked by my bot before they could do similar damage. Take a look at just how long it took to clean up Dieseldrinker's mess... several users and admins took a few hours to clean up what he did in only 2 1/2 minutes. Once again, this is not the traditional Willy pagemove vandalism... he has taken it to another level. -- Curps 08:26, 1 September 2005 (UTC)

Thanks!
Thanks very much for getting rid of the vanadalism from my user page! --G Rutter 10:00, 1 September 2005 (UTC)

delete/vfd
My apologies. I didn't realize is for speedy delete, it seems a bit wrong since I'd think most things would be vfd candidates and not speedy delete canidates (it's been a while since I've used either). I saw the box after saving the page and figured it had to be right :P Ash Lux 11:31, 1 September 2005 (UTC)

re: 3RR
If you're referring to my reversions on Urdu language, I believe the edits I reverted fall under '' 'Sneaky vandalism - Vandalism which is harder to spot. Adding misinformation, changing dates or making other sensible-appearing substitutions and typos.' '' They were done by anonymous IP's with no explanation whatsoever and using misleading edit summaries (such as ). - ulayiti (talk)  11:46, 1 September 2005 (UTC)
 * I don't see how "clean" is a misleading edit summary, though you may disagree with it of course. Whether edits are made anonymously or logged in has no bearing on whether they are vandalism. Everyone who edit wars thinks that the opposing party is adding misinformation or misleading content, otherwise there wouldn't be an edit war. We have plenty of methods of solving disagreements, WP:DR is there and if you want to avoid an edit war you can try WP:RFPP. Being right or disagreeing with the person you're edit warring against doesn't mean 3RR violations will be tolerated however. --fvw *  21:58, September 4, 2005 (UTC)

Re. CSD
My apologies. I saw the history, but I misinterpreted CSD criterion A1. In any event, I've VFD'ed it, and my guess is that it will be deleted. We really should have a policy on news articles, whether it be to transwiki to Wikinews, or something. ral 315  13:05, September 1, 2005 (UTC)

Bike Friday
On WP:VFU, you wrote: ''In hindsight, it wasn't a speedy, mea culpa. If anyone wants it undeleted and VfDed post a message to my talk page. --fvw* 08:08, September 1, 2005 (UTC)''.

If it wasn't a speedy deletion candidate, please undelete it, and place it on VfD (AfD) if you think it should be so placed. DES (talk) 14:09, 1 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Fair enough, Dbpsmith has already replaced it with an excellent article, but I've undeleted the two revisions in history. --fvw *  22:00, September 4, 2005 (UTC)

Fordson high school
Hi, this article that you listed for deletion yesterday has been extensively rewritten. Thought you might like to look at it again and comment. --Tony Sidaway Talk 17:31, 1 September 2005 (UTC)

Re: bureaucrat
Hahaha, thanks! Andre ( talk ) 18:19, September 1, 2005 (UTC)

Sandbot
Whee... the Sandbot has a set of tools to play with. It can rake the sandbox for you now! --AllyUnion (talk) 18:46, 1 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Ah, glad to see it back. --fvw *  22:03, September 4, 2005 (UTC)

He's back!
You're back, you're back! And not only for one day either. You've been busy for a while, now. I take a little wikivacation and look what happens. :-) Hmm...  do you think it would be appropriate to move you from inactive (#38) to active?  SWAdair | Talk 18:53, 1 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Yeah, I had lots of important things I had to avoid doing :-). I've moved myself to a more appropriate section of the list. Welcome back from wikivacation. --fvw *  22:05, September 4, 2005 (UTC)

Re International Emergency Economic Powers Act
This is the name of the act that appears in executive orders and other official contexts. I'd like to move Trading with the Enemy Act to the formal name, but first the redirect I created has to be removed. Gazpacho 18:57, 1 September 2005 (UTC)

Page moves
While I don't think is necessarily wrong in moving Milky Way to Milky Way Galaxy, I do think that his obsessive move warring (see contribs) without discussion is disruptive. He's been warned about page moves three times in the last five days on his talk page but TTBOMK the user has failed to respond to repeated queries. Can the user be blocked for disruption, or is there a better way of dealing with this? --Viriditas | Talk 11:35, 2 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Well, he's had enough warnings now yes. There's no reason to block him now however, he may just not have logged in to wikipedia recently. If he returns and resumes the page moves a block would seem appropriate in my view, but let's hope that it's ended here. --fvw *  22:09, September 4, 2005 (UTC)

Steven Kerckhoff
I'd query the aggressiveness of this deletion. Our A7 CSD requires "no assertion of notability" and currently that links to Deletion of vanity articles which says:
 * Only those articles where there is no remotely plausible assertion of notability should be considered for Wikipedia:Speedy deletion.

The text of the deleted article said this guy is a professor of mathematics at the University of Michigan. This sounds like an assertion of notability that should at least have been examined on VfD. For example the article on Nicholas Humphrey originally only said:

 * Nicholas Humphrey was born in England in 1943. He received his Ph. D. in Psychology from Cambridge University in 1968.  Dr. Humphrey currently holds a School Professorship at the London School of Economics as well as a half-time Professorship at the New School for Social Research in New York.

The current version, needless to say, gives rather a lot more information on what has been an extremely fruitful, if rather eclectic, career.

Anyhow this is the kind of thing I expect to find on VfD, really. I've checked and on the face of it Kerckhoff has some small but serious claim to notability. Along with Gunnar Carlsson, Ralph Cohen, and Jim Milgram, he was instrumental in developing the California Mathematics Academic Content Standards for the State Board of Education, the controversy over which is discussed in Big Business, Race, and Gender in Mathematics Reform, by Steven Krantz (ISBN 0821813986). --Tony Sidaway Talk 16:14, 2 September 2005 (UTC)

Post script: I checked again and it appears that this must be a different Steven Kerchoff (though I did search the Michigan directory and drew a blank). The date of birth given is far too late for the Steve Kerchoff described here. --Tony Sidaway Talk 16:18, 2 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Knock yourself out. --fvw *  22:14, September 4, 2005 (UTC)

derek garcia
please add me back if you can (my name is Derek Garcia) .. i think you recently deleted my existence from wikipedia. thanks! :)
 * Please see WP:VANITY. --fvw *  22:14, September 4, 2005 (UTC)

Open Proxies
I want to investigate some recent vandalism coming from many IPs, I saw your note on User:Func's talk page, I would appreciate any scripts that help test for open proxies. Rich Farmbrough 22:44, 3 September 2005 (UTC)
 * If you want to test a specific IP for an open proxy but you don't know on which port, your best best bet is to search for the IP on the web with google. If it finds something in a "list of open proxies" it'll usually include a port and you can try editing wikipedia through that proxy; if it works you can block it indefinitely. If that fails, you can also try port scanning the host to find open proxy ports. Try nmap. --fvw *  22:17, September 4, 2005 (UTC)
 * Thanks, I've got nmap here somewhere . Rich Farmbrough 22:19, 4 September 2005 (UTC)

Bureaucratship
Hi, Fvw. I just wanted to thank you for taking the time to vote on my bureaucratship. Even though it didn't pass, I appreciate your feedback and I will try my best to keep your criticisms and suggestions in mind in the future. Andre ( talk ) 05:36, September 4, 2005 (UTC)

About my RfA
Hi Fvw, just a quick note to tell you that, though you opposed my adminship nomination, I appreciate the fact that you made public your concerns about me. I have been made an admin nonetheless, and I will of course act my best to prove your fears wrong. Best regards, Sam Hocevar 07:46, 4 September 2005 (UTC)
 * I'm sure this is one of those cases where the community knows best, congratulations on your adminship and if you need a hand with anything on the technical side of adminship feel free to ask. --fvw *  22:20, September 4, 2005 (UTC)

title: User:Fvw/TalkArchive/10


text:
Viva Kenton!

Viva Kenton! (subtitled Exciting Latin Rhythms with the Kenton Touch) is an album by Stan Kenton, released in 1959 by Capitol Records, and later on Kenton's own Creative World label.

The album features compositions by Gene Roland, and was Kenton's second all-Latin album. It was the follow-up to Kenton's successful Cuban Fire! LP of 1956.

Viva Kenton! features Kenton's 18-piece orchestra, with an additional percussion quartet. Featured soloists are alto saxophonist Charlie Mariano, trombonist Don Sebesky, and trumpeter Rolf Ericson.

In 2005, Blue Note released the album on CD (under the Capitol Jazz imprint) with 6 bonus tracks, all taken from the 1963 album Artistry in Bossa Nova.

Reception
The Allmusic review by Scott Yanow called the album "potentially gimmicky but surprisingly successful".

Track listing
All compositions by Gene Roland except where noted.
 * 1) "Mexican Jumping Bean" - 4:30
 * 2) "Siesta" - 3:37
 * 3) "Cha Cha Sombrero" - 4:48
 * 4) "Chocolate Caliente" - 3:26
 * 5) "Aqua Marine" - 2:41
 * 6) "Opus in Chartreuse Cha-Cha-Cha" - 2:48
 * 7) "Cha Cha Chee Boom" - 3:50
 * 8) "Adios" (Enric Madriguera) - 3:09
 * 9) "Mission Trail" - 3:23
 * 10) "Artistry in Rhythm" (Stan Kenton) - 3:01
 * Recorded at the Riverside Plaza Hotel, NYC on September 22, 1959 (track 10) and September 23, 1959 (tracks 1-9)

Personnel

 * Stan Kenton - piano, conductor
 * Bud Brisbois, Bill Chase, Rolf Ericson, Roger Middleton, Dalton Smith - trumpet
 * Kent Larsen, Archie Le Coque, Don Sebesky - trombone
 * Jim Amlotte, Bob Knight - bass trombone
 * Charlie Mariano - alto saxophone
 * John Bonnie, Bill Trujillo - tenor saxophone
 * Marvin Holladay, Jack Nimitz - baritone saxophone
 * Pete Chivily - bass
 * Jimmy Campbell - drums
 * Mike Pacheco - bongos, timbales
 * Willie Rodriguez - congas, bongos
 * Tommy Lopez - congas (tracks 1-9)

title: Viva Kenton!


text:
Talk:Court and Spark

Untitled
The liner notes for the credits are somewhat confusing for the bass players. It goes like this in my CD copy:

Bass - Max Bennett, (on Trouble Child) - Jim Hughart, (on People's Parties and Free Man in Paris) - Wilton Felder

I interpret this based on the commas as Max Bennett did the bass on everything except Trouble Child (Jim Hughart) and People's Parties and Free Man in Paris (Wilton Felder). I do so because the chimes part is listed:

Chimes (on Court and Spark) - Milt Holland

Thus, the instrument and qualifier (chimes [on Court and Spark]) are listed first, then the player for that instrument and/or song (Milt Holland).

Also, this is totally mixed up on the Love Has Many Faces liner notes for the credits. Those list the following as from Court and Spark:

for Car on a Hill, Max Bennett (which would be correct by my interpretation above)

for Court and Spark, Jim Hughart (which is clearly not correct by any interpretation of the above)

for Trouble Child, Jim Hughart (which is clearly not correct by any interpretation of the above)

for Just Like This Train, Max Bennett (which would be correct by my interpretation above)

for Down To You, no bass player is listed at all (and Susan Webb is listed as a "guest singer" that is not credited on Court and Spark at all)

for Raised on Robbery, no bass player is listed at all

I don't think that the person who did the liner notes for Love Has Many Faces is reliable -- that person also listed Milt Holland as doing conga on Carey from Blue, when Russ Kunkel is quite clearly credited with drums on the Blue liner note credits (Milt Holland is not listed at all on Blue's credits). Same for A Case of You (listed as from Blue): Bobbye Hall is credited for drums, while on Blue's notes it's quite clearly Russ Kunkel.

Thus, I ignored the Love Has Many Faces credits and went with my interpretation of the Court and Spark liner notes when I altered the bass credits. — Preceding unsigned comment added by BlueIris2 (talk • contribs) 18:41, 7 September 2015 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Court and Spark


text:
Hudson Line (Metro-North)

The Hudson Line is a commuter rail line owned and operated by the Metro-North Railroad in the U.S. state of New York. It runs north from New York City along the east shore of the Hudson River, terminating at Poughkeepsie. The line was originally the Hudson River Railroad (and the Spuyten Duyvil and Port Morris Railroad south of Spuyten Duyvil), and eventually became the Hudson Division of the New York Central Railroad. It runs along what was the far southern leg of the Central's famed "Water Level Route" to Chicago.

Croton–Harmon station divides the line into two distinct segments. South of there, the line is electrified with third rail, serving suburban stations located relatively close together. Most of the electrified zone has four tracks, usually two express and local tracks in each direction. For a few miles in the Bronx there are only two or three tracks. Local service is usually provided by electric trains, while diesel trains run express. North of Croton–Harmon, the line is not electrified and is mostly double-tracked (with a few triple track areas); the stations are also spaced further apart. Service between Croton–Harmon and Poughkeepsie is provided by diesel trains; these generally run express and skip most of the lower stations. From just north of Spuyten Duyvil to the end of the line, the Hudson Line forms the southern portion of Amtrak's Empire Corridor, the former main line of the Central. The planned Penn Station Access project would send some Hudson Line trains to Penn Station along the Empire Connection, with two new intermediate stops along the west side of Manhattan.

The Hudson Line is colored green on Metro-North timetables and system maps, and stations on the line have green trim. The New York Central used green color-coding for the Hudson Division as early as 1965.

New York Central
The Hudson River Railroad was chartered on May 12, 1846 to extend the Troy and Greenbush Railroad, which connected Troy and Albany, south to New York City along the east bank of the Hudson River. Service began on the first 41 mi of the line from Chambers Street and Hudson Street in Lower Manhattan to Peekskill on September 29, 1849. Service was extended to New Hamburg on December 6 and to Poughkeepsie on December 31. A separate section opened between East Albany and Hudson on June 16, 1851. This section was extended to Oakhill on July 7 and to Tivoli on August 4. The full line opened on October 8, 1851 with the completion of the final segment between Tivoli and Poughkeepsie, linking the two pieces of the line together. Prior to completion, on June 1, the Hudson River leased the Troy and Greenbush.

Cornelius Vanderbilt purchased the Hudson River Railroad in 1864, soon after he bought the parallel New York and Harlem Railroad, which is today's Harlem Line. He merged these and other short line railroads to form the New York Central and Hudson River Railroad, which was renamed the New York Central Railroad in 1914.

One of the properties owned by the New York and Harlem was the Spuyten Duyvil and Port Morris Railroad. This railroad was built in 1842, and bought in 1853 by the New York and Harlem as part of a proposal by NY&H Vice President Gouverneur Morris Jr. to integrate it into a new industrial section of the waterfront. After this railroad became property of the New York Central and Hudson River Railroad, by 1871, the line was extended through the West Bronx, along the Harlem River to connect with the Hudson River Railroad. The segment north of Mott Haven Junction became part of the Hudson Division, while the portion to the south remained part of the Harlem Division. With the opening of the line, most passenger trains were rerouted into the new Grand Central Depot via that line along the northeast bank of the Harlem River and the New York and Harlem Rail Road, also part of the New York Central system.

In 1893, a third track was added along the line between Spuyten Duyvil and Sing Sing.

Realignment and electrification
This line was rebuilt and realigned in 1905–1906 when the Harlem River Ship Canal was built. The line was realigned along the north side of the canal in Marble Hill, Manhattan. Part of the original segment around Marble Hill became a freight spur leading to the Kingsbridge Freight Station, but the track around the northern and western sides of Marble Hill was later removed and no trace of it exists. Today, the realigned line serves as the segment of the Metro-North Railroad Hudson Line between Mott Haven Junction and the West Side Line. The former Kingsbridge Freight Spur and station has been occupied by the grounds of the John F. Kennedy High School since the 1970s. The New York and Putnam Railroad spur remained until 1999.

As part of the construction of Grand Central Terminal in the early 1900s, all of New York Central's lines that ran into the terminal were electrified. Third rail was installed on the Hudson and Harlem Divisions, while the New Haven Division received overhead wires on the segments that were not shared with the Harlem and Hudson Division. The first electric train departed for the temporary Grand Central Station, from the Harlem Division's Highbridge station in the Bronx, on September 30, 1906. Electrification would eventually extend to Croton–Harmon station.

The former main line south of Spuyten Duyvil remained for freight to the docks along Manhattan's west side and minimal passenger service to the West Side Station on Chambers Street (used until 1916). Passenger service on this line, which became known as the 30th Street Branch, continued until late 1929 or early 1930.

The New York Central operated many intercity and commuter trains over this line for many years. It was a key route in connecting Grand Central Terminal in New York to LaSalle Street Station in Chicago. Commuter service was always concentrated south of Poughkeepsie: by 1940, only three daily round trips – none of them timed for commuting to New York City – made local stops between Albany and Poughkeepsie. By 1960, only a single daily round trip (timed for commuting to Albany) made local stops. It was cut to a Hudson–Albany round trip with four intermediate stops by 1964, and discontinued around 1965; some intercity trains continued to stop at Rhinecliff and Hudson.

Penn Central and Conrail
At the end of World War II, private rail service began a sharp decline with the start of the Jet Age and the construction of the Interstate Highway System. NYC, facing declining year-over-year profits, merged in 1968 with its former rival, the Pennsylvania Railroad, forming the Penn Central Transportation Company. Penn Central continued to lose money and attempted several maneuvers to delay bankruptcy, including auctioning off the air rights of Grand Central Terminal; the Pennsylvania Railroad had done the same thing to Penn Station. However, this approval was denied, and the denial was affirmed in Penn Central Transportation Co. v. New York City, a 1978 decision by the United States Supreme Court.

On May 1, 1971, the National Railroad Passenger Corporation took over all intercity passenger service in the US. Penn Central continued to operate freight and commuter service along the Hudson line until it was folded into Conrail on April 1, 1976. Conrail continued to operate commuter service to Poughkeepsie & freight service north of Poughkeepsie (while, Amtrak's Empire Service continued to Albany and beyond). On July 1, 1973, along with several other stations in Penn Central's Metropolitan Region, the 138th Street, Oscawana and Manitou stops were closed. Manitou reopened in 1983.

On September 10, 1974, the MTA announced that work would start on the construction of high-level platforms at eleven stations in the Bronx and Manhattan including at the Marble Hill, Spuyten Duyvil, University Heights, Morris Heights and Riverdale stations on the Hudson Line. The entire project cost $2.8 million. The work was expected to be completed in the late summer of 1975. As part of the work, the University Heights, Morris Heights and Marble Hill stations had island platforms installed, while side platforms were installed at Riverdale and Spuyten Duyvil. All of the platforms on the Hudson Line were 340 feet-long with the exception of a 170 feet-long side platform at Spuyten Duyvil and a 170 feet-long platform at Morris Heights, which was set to be lengthened at a later date. The abandoned station building at University Heights was removed as part of the project. High-level platforms at Spuyten Duyvil and Riverdale were completed in early 1975. On May 2, 1975, the new platforms on the Hudson Line were formally put into service. The completion was marked with a ceremony with the head of the MTA, David Yunich present. The completion of these five stations marked the completion of a $22.8 million project to install high-level platforms at 43 Penn Central stations. The high-level platforms allowed the new Metropolitan and Cosmopolitan to use the stations.

During the late 1970s, the Hudson Line's former northbound express track between Spuyten Duyvil and its merger with the Harlem Line was removed. The stations along the line between Spuyten Duyvil and Yankees–East 153rd Street were rebuilt on top of this track's roadbed.

Metro-North
In 1983, the MTA Metro-North Railroad took control of all commuter operations in the Hudson Valley. As part of the MTA's five-year capital program in 1982, the MTA planned to remove one of the four tracks on the line. The MTA expected that the change would provide more flexible train service as the line would have received a computerized system capable of running trains in either direction on the three tracks. As part of the plan, trains would have received cab signalling. The change was expected to be completed in three to four years. The New York State DOT and Amtrak were strongly opposed to the proposal as the plan did not take into account future growth of passenger and freight traffic, and reduced the ability to move around stalled trains. Converting the then-existing four tracks to reversible cab signaling would have cost $15 million, which the MTA did not have.

On May 23, 2009, a new station was opened at East 153rd Street in the Bronx to serve Yankee Stadium. It sees regular service on the Hudson Line, plus special service from the Hudson, Harlem, and New Haven Lines for New York Yankees games.

On December 1, 2013, a southbound train derailed near the Spuyten Duyvil station in the Bronx. Four people were killed and more than 60 passengers were injured in the crash. Federal investigators from the National Transportation Safety Board determined that the train was traveling at 82 mph, a speed nearly three times the maximum allowable speed of 30 mph. The train's brakes were apparently operating normally and area tracks in proper condition.

Purchase by the MTA
On November 13, 2018, the MTA announced its intent to purchase the Hudson and Harlem Lines as well as the Grand Central Terminal for up to $35.065 million, plus a discount rate of 6.25%. The purchase would include all inventory, operations, improvements, and maintenance associated with each asset, except for the air rights over Grand Central. At the time, the Hudson and Harlem Lines were owned by Argent Ventures, a holding company that had taken possession of Penn Central's assets upon its bankruptcy, while the Grand Central Terminal was owned by Midtown TDR Ventures. Under the terms of the leases for each asset, the MTA would only be able to exercise an option to purchase the three assets before October 2019. The MTA's finance committee approved the proposed purchase on November 13, 2018, and the purchase was approved by the full board two days later. The deal finally closed in March 2020, with the MTA taking ownership of the terminal and rail lines.

The MTA purchased the segment of the Hudson Line from Grand Central to a point 2 mi north of Poughkeepsie. North of this point, milepost 75.8, the CSX Transportation-owned and Amtrak-operated Hudson Subdivision rail line continues north to Albany.

Line description
The southernmost 11 mi of the Hudson Line, south of Spuyten Duyvil, is not parallel to the Hudson River. Much of the line in the Bronx parallels the Harlem River, while the entirety of the line in Manhattan follows Park Avenue. North of Spuyten Duyvil, the Hudson Line travels mostly parallel to the river (viewable on the left side northbound and the right side southbound) until the line terminates in Poughkeepsie.

Manhattan and the Bronx
Once past 125th Street and over the Harlem River, the Hudson Line departs from the track shared with the Harlem and New Haven Lines, passing first Yankees–East 153rd Street, which offers access to the lower Bronx and Yankee Stadium. After it is the employee-only Highbridge stop as it follows the river northward and, at first, the Major Deegan Expressway.

Marble Hill, technically in Manhattan despite being on the mainland, offers a transfer to the IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line of the New York City Subway at the 225th Street station. A short curve away brings the trains to Spuyten Duyvil and its stairs to the street. Just past the station, the track rejoins the original Hudson River Railroad, shared with Amtrak, and after one more stop at Riverdale is out of New York City.

Westchester County
The Palisades present themselves across the river as trains pass through the city of Yonkers and its four stops, mostly local. A few express trains do stop at the recently renovated Yonkers station, the first where a transfer to Amtrak is possible.

Smaller, local-only suburban stations are passed as the Tappan Zee Bridge appears to the north and the river widens. Finally, between Irvington and Tarrytown, it passes overhead, as does the inevitable replacement known as the Governor Mario M. Cuomo Bridge. Rockland County fades to almost 3 mi away across Haverstraw Bay. But after passing through Sing Sing prison, the train reaches Ossining, where a ferry brings travelers across the wide river to Haverstraw.

Electric trains end their runs one stop beyond, at Croton–Harmon, a terminal shared again with Amtrak just south of Harmon Yard and east of Croton Point. The tracks veer inland, closely following US 9, to the next and newest stop, Cortlandt, the only non-New York City station on the line where the Hudson River cannot be seen.

The Hudson River reappears at Peekskill, the last stop in the county, where the Bear Mountain Bridge can be seen to the north.

Putnam and Dutchess counties
North of Peekskill the river narrows as the Hudson Highlands begin. Dunderberg and Bear mountains can be seen across the river. The train passes through two short tunnels, one under the Bear Mountain Bridge abutment. Putnam County's first station, Manitou, serves a small hamlet. Just north of Garrison, there is another tunnel and then a view of the stone buildings of West Point; the riverside village of Cold Spring is the next stop, last in the county.

The Dutchess County line is crossed in a pair of 842 ft tunnels under Breakneck Ridge at Breakneck Point; across the river Storm King Mountain is seen. The Breakneck Ridge flag stop marks the end of the Highlands as the river once again broadens around Newburgh Bay. At Beacon, ferry service is available during peak hours to Newburgh, whose skyline is visible across the river, and shortly after leaving the train passes under the Newburgh-Beacon Bridge.

Just upriver is New Hamburg, a hamlet of the Town of Poughkeepsie and a station closed in the NYCRR days but eventually reopened. The last 8.5 mi to Poughkeepsie's recently renovated station, including the vast Tilcon quarry, is the longest distance between any two stations on a Metro-North main line.

Rolling stock
Electric service from and to Croton–Harmon uses the standard M3A and M7A multiple units also seen on the Metro-North Harlem Line. Diesel trains are headed by Genesis P32AC-DMs. These electro-diesels run off third-rail through the Park Avenue Tunnel. Turning the locomotives around at either end of the line would be cumbersome and time-consuming, so trains use push-pull operation with the locomotive usually on the north end of the train. They usually pull/push six or seven Shoreliner passenger cars with a cab car at the south end of the train.

The Genesis locomotives are mostly in Metro-North's silver-and-blue livery, but sometimes the New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad's red-black-white palette can be seen as equipment on the line is pooled with ConnDOT, whose red-striped passenger coaches are also in wide use on the Hudson Line. The Metro-North-owned Genesis units received a new paint scheme in 2007.

Penn Station Access
As part of the Penn Station Access project, the MTA has proposed to send some Hudson Line trains to Penn Station in Midtown Manhattan. Hudson Line trains would access Penn Station via the Empire Connection, a segment of track owned by Amtrak. This segment currently used by Amtrak's Empire Corridor trains to access Penn Station, diverges from the Hudson Line between Riverdale and Spuyten Duyvil stations. The proposal includes the construction of two new Hudson Line stations along the Empire Connection in Manhattan; one near 125th Street in Manhattanville and the other near 62nd Street on the Upper West Side. The project would give Hudson Line riders a direct ride to destinations on the West Side.

Extension of service north of Poughkeepsie
Since the tracks continue north of Poughkeepsie, there have been various proposals over the years from both the MTA (Metro-North's parent agency) and Amtrak, to extend service northwards. New York Central and Penn Central operated rail service north of Poughkeepsie to Albany-Rensselaer until April 30, 1971; since then, only Amtrak's intercity trains continue beyond Poughkeepsie. Most proposals have been scratched after strong opposition from residents of northern Dutchess County, who fear the effect that an easy rail commute to midtown Manhattan would have on their still largely rural communities. In 1999, Metro-North proposed to extend the line 25 miles to Tivoli or just 15 miles to Rhinecliff. Three new stops would have been built: at Tivoli, Staatsburg and Hyde Park. Service would have also stopped at Rhinecliff, which is served by Amtrak. Parking facilities would have been built at the stations, and a yard would have been built. The Draft Environmental Impact Study for the extension, which would have cost $3 million, was deemed as necessary as ridership on the northern part of the Hudson Line was growing faster than that of any other part of the system. The Federal Transit Administration provided some funding for the study. The Towns of Stanford, Milan, Red Hook and Rhinebeck and the Villages of Tivoli and Rhinebeck passed resolutions against the study. The study was not done because of significant opposition. However, Poughkeepsie-area commuters have supported such plans since they would ease pressure on that station. As recently as January 2007, supervisors of some towns north of Poughkeepsie have expressed new interest in extending rail service.

Stations
Milepost Zero on the Hudson Line is at the north property line of 42nd St (which is 200–300 feet south of the ends of the tracks). The Marble Hill Cutoff shortened the line by 0.73 miles circa 1906, so Yonkers station (for example) is at milepost 15.24 but is about 14.46 miles from the end of the tracks at GCT. The Hudson Line did not serve the stations in the Park Avenue tunnel.

title: Hudson Line (Metro-North)


text:
Talk:List of NHL players by name

Formatting queries

 * I've got a few issues regarding List of NHL players: (letter), but I'll put them in separate sections to facilitate discussion. Schmloof (talk) 19:07, 28 April 2008 (UTC)

Block size and format

 * I see that some lists by letter have arranged them in blocks of 50. However, I find this unwieldly, as it will have to be constantly updated.  After seeing a few pages arranged in a somewhat alphabetical way (such as List of NHL players: G), I went ahead and split many pages into blocks by alphabet, in a way that each block has between 30-50 players (see List of NHL players: R for an example).  I find this more intuitive.  Also, once a list reaches 60-70 entries, it can be further split along alphabetical lines rather than disrupting the entire list that's set in exact 50 intervals.

Block names

 * Also, I find it counter-intuitive to name blocks by the first and last player in the block (List of NHL players: G). I see three ways to name the blocks (for blocks in which the second letter of each players name is an 'a'):
 * 1) Gaborik - Gavin: see List of NHL players: G
 * 2) KAA-KAV: see List of NHL players: K
 * RA: see List of NHL players: R

 * I support the "RA" way myself.

Statistics

 * I find the statistics in some lists (List of NHL players: Z, for example) to be completely unnecessary. This is a list of players, after all, not a database of their stats.  I vote we remove them.

Distinguishing goaltenders

 * Also in List of NHL players: Z and a couple of other lists, goaltenders have their own category. I don't think that's necessary, since the format in List of NHL players: A lists position.

Up-to-date?

 * While doing some lists, I've noticed that some fairly important players are missing, such as Marc-Andre Fleury and Sergei Kostitsyn. I've fixed them, but I'm sure there are numerous unaccounted for.  How complete is this list, and how are we keeping it up to date?

title: Talk:List of NHL players by name


text:
Soundstream

Soundstream Inc. was the first United States audiophile digital audio recording company, providing commercial services for recording and computer-based editing.

Company
Soundstream was founded in 1975 in Salt Lake City, Utah, by Dr. Thomas G. Stockham Jr. The company provided worldwide on-location recording services to Telarc, Delos, RCA, Philips, Vanguard, Varèse Sarabande, Angel, Warner Brothers, CBS, Decca, Chalfont, and other labels. They manufactured a total of 18 digital recorders, of which seven were sold and the rest leased out. Although most recordings were of classical music, the range included country, rock, jazz, pop, and avant-garde.

The first US live digital recording was made in 1976 by Soundstream's prototype 37 kHz, 16-bit, two channel recorder. New World Records recorded the Santa Fe Opera's performance of Virgil Thomson's The Mother of Us All, and provided Soundstream with a stereo feed from their multitrack console. Soundstream demonstrated this recording at the Fall 1976 AES Convention; however the resulting record was pressed not from the digital master but from the analog tape that New World recorded themselves concurrently. Critiques of the recording, most notably from Telarc's Jack Renner and Robert Woods, led directly to the improved four-channel, 50 kHz sample rate recorder that was used for all of Soundstream's future commercial releases.

Also in 1976, Soundstream restored acoustic (pre-electronic) recordings of Enrico Caruso, by digitizing the recordings on a computer, and processing them using a technique called "blind deconvolution". These were released by RCA Records as "Caruso – A Legendary Performer". In subsequent years Soundstream restored most of the RCA Caruso catalog, as well as some RCA recordings by Irish tenor John McCormack.

Soundstream's first commercially released recording, Diahann Carroll With the Duke Ellington Orchestra Under The Direction Of Mercer Ellington – A Tribute To Ethel Waters (on the Orinda label) appeared in January 1978. Over the next three years, almost 50% of all classical music recorded digitally used Soundstream equipment, over 200 recordings in all. The Canadian rock band, True Myth, recorded their self-titled debut album using the Soundstream unit, the first Canadian digital recording. The band recorded the album live to two-track stereo in Jack Richardson's studio, Nimbus Nine, located in Toronto, Canada.

Unlike its competitors, Soundstream's analog circuitry was transformerless, permitting a frequency response to 0Hz (DC). This accounted for the "bass drum heard round the world" review of the 1978 Telarc recording of Frederick Fennell: The Cleveland Symphonic Winds. Soundstream collaborated with Telarc for several years, producing legendary symphonic recordings; the earliest ones are chronicled in Renner. The care with which Telarc selected and used its microphones and audio console, combined with the Soundstream recorder, created a gold standard for audiophile recording. Telarc has re-released many of its original Soundstream recordings in SACD format.

Soundstream recordings made before the advent of the CD were released as high-quality vinyl LP albums. Despite analog playback, many of these releases were sufficiently impressive to gain an early acceptance for digital audio. The recording industry's transition to digital was further facilitated by the many demonstrations given by Dr. Stockham, whose articulate explanations of digital audio theory and practice were renowned.

In 1980, Digital Recording Corporation (DRC) acquired Soundstream. DRC attempted to develop a home digital player that would use a photographically reproducible optical card as opposed to the mechanically pressed CD. This effort was eclipsed by the rise of the CD, leading to the company's demise in 1985.

Technology
The company developed its four-channel, 16 bit, 50 ksps recorder in 1977. The Soundstream Digital Tape Recorder (DTR) consisted of a modified Honeywell 5600E instrumentation transport and analog and digital circuitry designed and built by Soundstream.

There were 2 series of DTR's built. the first series (SN 1–4) was produced from ~1977 to 1979 and the second series (SN 5- 13) produced ~1980 to 1981. While being tape format compatible and looking nearly identical from the outside, the later series are easily identified by the second set of tape transport control buttons. Some Internal cards are not 100% compatible between the 2 series.

Digital Tape Recorder
The Digital Tape Recorder was a portable four-channel digital audio processor containing the analog to digital converters, tape-data recovery and clock generation circuits, and the digital to analog converters. External hardware (tape drive, editing system, and digital delay unit) connected to the DTR through connectors on the back panel. The unit measured 20"x18"x10" and weighed 67 pounds.

Analog signals entered the DTR through standard XLR connectors at the rear of the unit. There, a differential input amplifier routed the signal through the front panel attenuation fader to the input low-pass (anti-alias) filter.

The antialias filter (custom made by TTE Filters) is a passive 11 pole elliptical function filter  with a −3 dB point of 22.5 kHz. The analog signal path from input XLR connector to the A/D converter is DC coupled.

The filtered analog signal passed through a custom sample and hold and was digitized by an Analogic MP8016 16-bit Analog-to-Digital Converter operating at a 50 kHz sample rate. A three-bit sync pattern and an even-parity bit were added to each 16-bit sample to form a 20-bit word that was serialized and transmitted by interface electronics to the tape transport where each audio channel's data were written to two separate tape tracks. The two tracks are laterally separated by ~ 11mm on the 1" tape thus avoiding the same tape dropout from affecting both tracks containing identical channel information.

Encoding of the 16 bit audio at the time of recording inverts every other audio bit in order to minimize DC going to tape (magnetic channel) in quiet passages when the MSB's were mostly zeros. Another effect of the encoding process was to increase AC in the channel code to aid in clock recovery (bit sync) on playback. The every other bit inversion encoding process is reversed on playback so there is no effect on audio quality.

During tape playback or while recording and monitoring from tape, the redundant tracks of recorded data from the transport were sent to data recovery circuitry. The first stage of data recovery was the data slicer which automatically detected and adjusted to the ideal threshold for detecting the zero crossings of the magnetic channel data. This reduced clock recovery jitter. Because the data recorded on tape are necessarily bandwidth-limited, the data slicer squared-up the data signals into binary logic level signals and then recovered clocks to match the incoming data streams. Additional circuitry located word boundaries and converted the data to parallel format. In the event of tape dropouts, an error-avoidance scheme selected the unaffected track's data.

The selected data were then clocked into an Analogic MP1926A Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC) at the original crystal-controlled sample rate. The DAC analog output signal was buffered by an Analogic MP201A distortion suppression amplifier (aka deglitching amplifier). The MP201A suppresses the glitches present during the narrow segment of time that the binary input word to the DAC was transitioning from one sample to another.

The analog signal from the distortion suppression amplifier was routed to the output low-pass (reconstruction) filter that is identical to the input anti-alias filter and then to NE5534 based output buffer amplifier with a discrete transistor output stage. Voltage and current gain sufficient for +20dBm into 150 ohms was provided by the output-buffer amplifier with the signal then output at the XLR connector on the DTR's rear panel. The output signal path from DAC to output XLR connector was DC coupled.

Honeywell Tape Drives
Soundstream-modified Honeywell 5600e Instrumentation Tape Drives (HTD) used custom high-frequency 18-track record and playback heads. The two outer tracks were reserved for ancillary data – SMPTE time code and the like. The remaining sixteen tracks were used to record up to eight channels of digital audio – two redundant tracks for each audio channel. The two tracks in a redundant track pair were separated as widely as possible to minimize playback errors due to tape defects (dropouts) – audio channel one was recorded on tracks 1 and 9.

At the front of the HTD, Soundstream installed track selector hardware. The left side selector allowed the operator to choose which audio channel pair (1,2; 3,4) was assigned to which tape track pair (1,2; 3,4; 5,6; or 7,8). The right-side selector controlled the application of record circuitry power for each of the eight tracks.

The HTD initially used 1" Ampex 460 reel-to-reel tape at 35ips. Later, Soundstream switched to Ampex 466 tape which allowed for the slower tape speed of 30ips.

Digital editing system
Soundstream's digital editing system was the first instance of a computer used to edit commercial recordings. It consisted of a Digital Equipment PDP 11/60 computer running the DAP (Digital Audio Processor) editing software (written by Soundstream employee Robert Ingebretsen), Soundstream's interface (the Digital Audio Interface) to transfer data between its recorder and the computer's disks (a pair of Braegen 14" disk drives), digital-to-analog playback hardware, a text-based video display terminal for entering commands to operate and control the DAP software, and a storage oscilloscope to display the waveforms of the audio being edited or processed. For all intents and purposes, this system was the very first digital audio workstation.  In addition to its own facility, Soundstream installed editing systems at Paramount Pictures (Hollywood), RCA (New York), and Bertelsmann (Germany). A system was delivered to the U.S. Department of Justice to aid the analysis of bootleg recordings.

Editing could be performed at sample accuracy (i.e., 1/50,000 of a second); any mixing was performed digitally.

The sound system in the editing room in the Salt Lake facility used a Threshold SL-10 preamp, a Sumo "The Power" amp, and Infinity RS4.5 speakers.

Digital Audio Interface
The Digital Audio Interface (DAI) was the input/output path between the Digital Editing System and external hardware. The DAI received raw source data from session tapes and passed the data on to the editing system's computer for storage. Finished (edited) data passed through the DAI from the editing system's computer to a DTR for creation of a master tape. During the editing process, data from the editing system's computer passed through the DAI to a Digital Audio Conversion Unit (DAC Box) in the editing room.

The DAI resided in the Editing System's computer and contained a one-megabyte FIFO. Realtime input/output capacity was eight channels of 16-bit audio data at any of the then standard sample rates.

Digital Delay Unit
To allow for a preview channel during the LP cutting process, Soundstream built a digital delay unit (DDU). Digital data from tape could be delayed by a user selectable time: 3ms to 1.308s in increments of 5.12ms. Delay was accomplished by the use of a variable-depth FIFO or ring buffer.

S-1610 adapter
So that users of the Sony PCM-1610 Digital Audio Processor could take advantage of Soundstream's editing system, the company developed the S-1610 Adapter. The adapter was a bidirectional two-channel format converter. Data from the Sony PCM-1610 were converted to the format used by the Soundstream DTR so that the data appearing at the input to the Digital Audio Interface looked to the DAI as if it had come from a DTR. Similarly, finished (edited) data in Soundstream format were restored to the Sony format by the adapter. Sony data were imported/exported at either of the two sample rates 44.1 kHz or 44.1/1.001 kHz.

Any metadata in the Sony format were lost in the format conversion. This was a format conversion only, the adapter did not do sample rate conversion.

M adapter
So that users of the 3M Digital Mastering System could take advantage of Soundstream's editing system, the company developed the M Adapter. The adapter was a bidirectional eight-channel format converter. Data from the 3M Digital Mastering System were converted to the format used by the Soundstream DTR so that the data appearing at the input to the Digital Audio Interface looked to the DAI as if it had come from a DTR. Similarly, finished (edited) data in Soundstream format were restored to the 3M format by the adapter.

DAC box
Essentially derived from the DTR's playback circuitry, the DAC Box was a four channel device used by the Soundstream editors to audition audio data during the editing process. Audio played from the computer through the Digital Audio Interface into the DAC Box.

title: Soundstream


text: User talk:70.48.182.194

title: User talk:70.48.182.194


text:
Empire (miniatures game)

Empire is a set of rules for Napoleonic Era miniatures wargames. The first of five editions was published in 1975.

Description
In 1975, Scott Bowden and Ken Ray wrote Empire, a 58-page softcover book of rules concerning miniatures wargames that was published by Arlington Reproduction. Unlike other wargames of its era, Empire did not focus on one battle or even a series of battles. Instead, the authors sought to set out general rules for miniatures that could be used to enact any battle of the Napoleonic Era.

Content included rules on leader ratings, and troop types, and was the first to also include rules for frontage, range, and maneuverability.

Bowden founded Emperor's Press to produce more miniatures games, and over the years published a number of revised editions of "Empire":
 * Second edition, 1977. A 100-page softcover book by Bowden with a plastic binding comb
 * Third edition, 1981. A boxed set containing a 176-page rulebook co-authored by Bowden and Jim Getz. New maneuvering rules and concepts such as "Telescoping Time" were introduced.
 * Fourth edition, 1989, also co-authored by Bowden and Getz, added more rules concerning tactical reactions to enemy moves.
 * Fifth edition, 1990, also by Bowden and Getz, was published in a binder format.

In 1984, Emperor's Press also published Empire Campaign System, a separate game system by Kip Trexel that was designed to add a strategic operational element to the third edition rules.

The Historical Miniatures Gaming Society states that "Empire was the dominant miniatures wargaming rules system during the 1980's, and many original Empire traits are still evident in both historical and non-historical miniature game designs today." A 1979 article in Boys' Life about war games recommended Empire as a good place to start learning about the hobby of Napoleonic Era miniatures games.

Reception
The German website Figuren Miniatures reviewed the third edition of Empire, and noted that this edition introduced many new concepts "to give the wargamer a tool with which to create and accurately simulate historical conflict. In this, Getz and Bowden succeeded on a grand scale." The reviewer was especially impressed by the leader and troop ratings sections, which "are well worth the money of an entire rule set, because they can be used to rate and compare Napoleonic troops regardless of which rules are actually used. Many rules writers overlook the issue of national characteristics [...] So, if in doubt about the training and morale status of a particular Napoleonic troop type, regiment, or elite company [...] Empire is the quickest, most valuable and reliable source." The reviewer warned that the 176-page rulebook would require "a serious investment of time and thought" but concluded that "Empire is the right choice for students of military history interested in a realistic simulation of Napoleonic warfare at the grand-tactical and tactical level."

Awards
At the 1978 Origins Awards, the second edition of Empire won the H.G. Wells Award for All Time Best Napoleonic Rules of 1977, and was also inducted into the H.G. Wells Adventure Gaming Hall of Fame.

In 2007, the Historical Miniatures Gaming Society presented Scott Bowden with their Jack Scruby Award. The award citation delineates all of Bowden's work on various games, but holds up Empire as his pre-eminent achievement.

title: Empire (miniatures game)