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Randolph Rogers

Randolph Rogers (July 6, 1825 in Waterloo, New York – January 15, 1892 in Rome, Italy) was an American Neoclassical sculptor. An expatriate who lived most of his life in Italy, his works ranged from popular subjects to major commissions, including the Columbus Doors at the U.S. Capitol and American Civil War monuments.

Biography
Rogers was born in Waterloo, New York, and his family moved to Ann Arbor, Michigan when he was a child.

He developed an interest in wood cuts and wood engraving, and moved to New York City about 1847, but was unsuccessful in finding employment as an engraver. While working as a clerk in a dry-goods store, his employers discovered his native talent as a sculptor and provided funds for him to travel to Italy. He began study in Florence in 1848, where he studied briefly under Lorenzo Bartolini. He then opened a studio in Rome in 1851. He resided in that city until his death in 1892.

He began his career carving statues of children and portrait busts of tourists. He was not happy working with marble consequently all his marble statues were copied in his studio by Italian artisans under his supervision, from an original produced by him in another material. This also enabled him to profit from his popular works. His first large-scale work was Ruth Gleaning (1853), based on a figure in the Old Testament. It proved extremely popular, and up to 20 marble replicas were produced by his studio. His next large-scale work was Nydia, the Blind Flower Girl of Pompeii (1853–54), based on a character in Edward Bulwer-Lytton's best-selling 1834 novel, The Last Days of Pompeii. It proved even more popular, and his studio produced at least 77 marble replicas.

In 1855 he received his first major commission in the United States: great bronze doors for the East Front of the United States Capitol. He chose to depict scenes from the life of Christopher Columbus. The Columbus Doors were modeled in Rome, cast in Munich, and installed in Washington, DC in 1871.

In 1854, Rogers along with William Wetmore Story, Richard Greenough, and Thomas Crawford were each commissioned by Mount Auburn Cemetery to create statues of famous Bostonians to be displayed in the cemetery's chapel. Rogers was commissioned to create a statue of President John Adams. In September 1857, Rogers shipped the completed marble sculpture from Rome, but the ship was lost at sea before its arrival. Rogers was then commissioned to create another copy of his sculpture of "John Adams" and was contracted to create a marble version of Thomas Crawford's plaster sculpture "James Otis" after Crawfords died suddenly. (All of the sculptures were transferred to the Harvard Art Museums in 1935)

Following the 1857 death of sculptor Thomas Crawford, Rogers completed the sculpture program of the Washington Monument at the State Capitol in Richmond.

He designed four major American Civil War monuments: the Soldiers' National Monument (1865–1869) at Gettysburg National Cemetery; the Rhode Island Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (1866–1871) in Providence; the Michigan Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (1867–1872) in Detroit; and the Soldiers' Monument (1871–1874) in Worcester, Massachusetts.

He modeled The Genius of Connecticut (1877–1878), a bronze goddess that adorned the dome of the Connecticut State Capitol in Hartford. It was damaged in a 1938 hurricane, removed, and melted down for scrap metal during World War II. A plaster cast of the statue is now exhibited within the building.

In 1873 he became the first American to be elected to Italy's Accademia di San Luca, and he was knighted in 1884 by King Umberto I.

Rogers suffered a stroke in 1882, and was never able to work again. He left his papers and plaster casts of his sculptures to the University of Michigan, where there is also a Nydia replica.

List

 * Ruth Gleaning (1853), Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City.
 * Nydia, the Blind Flower Girl of Pompeii (1853–1854), Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City.
 * John Adams (1854–1859), Memorial Hall, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
 * Columbus Doors (1855–1861), East Front, United States Capitol, Washington, D.C.
 * Thomas Nelson, Meriwether Lewis, 6 allegorical figures (1857–1858), Washington Monument, Virginia State Capitol, Richmond, Virginia.
 * Angel of the Resurrection (1862), Samuel Colt Monument, Cedar Hill Cemetery, Hartford, Connecticut.
 * Isaac on the Altar (1863–1864), Brooklyn Museum of Art, Brooklyn, New York City
 * La Somnambula (1863–1864), Smithsonian American Art Museum, Washington, D.C.
 * The Sentinel (1863–1865), Spring Grove Cemetery, Cincinnati, Ohio. One of Ohio's first formal Civil War monuments.
 * Soldiers' National Monument (1865–1869), Gettysburg National Cemetery, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, George Keller, architect.
 * Rhode Island Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (1866–1871), Kennedy Square, Providence, Rhode Island, Alfred Stone, architect.
 * Michigan Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (1867–1872), Detroit, Michigan.
 * Abraham Lincoln (1870–1871), East Fairmount Park, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
 * Soldiers' Monument (1871–1874), Worcester, Massachusetts.
 * The Lost Pleiade (1874), The Art Institute of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois. Sculpture group of feuding tribes.
 * William H. Seward Monument (1875–1876), Madison Square, New York City.
 * The Genius of Connecticut (1877–1878), Connecticut State Capitol, Hartford, Connecticut.
 * The Last Arrow (statuette) (1879–1880), Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City.
 * The Infant Psyche (bust of the artist's daughter Nora) (c. 1880), Cincinnati Art Museum, Cincinnati, Ohio.

title: Randolph Rogers


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User:Cursive/monobook.js

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title: User:Cursive/monobook.js


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Sesame Street... 20 Years & Still Counting

Sesame Street... 20 Years & Still Counting is a 1989 television special celebrating the 20th Anniversary of Sesame Street. Hosted by Bill Cosby, the special aired on Friday, April 7, 1989, on NBC.

This special was originally produced by The Children’s Television Workshop, in association with The Jim Henson Company (one of the few Sesame Street productions the company directly produced, though "Executive Producer for CTW" credit was included in the end credits). The special was originally intended to air as part of The Jim Henson Hour, but instead ended up airing as a solo special the week before The Jim Henson Hour premiered.

In the special, comedian Bill Cosby details the history of the show while interacting with various Muppet characters. Among the subjects featured are the curriculum, the show's adult humor and the foreign co-productions from around the world (e.g. Plaza Sésamo—now Sésamo—and Rechov Sumsum). There are also guest-star appearances; opera singer Plácido Domingo sings with Placido Flamingo, and Ray Charles sings Kermit's version of the song "It's Not Easy Bein' Green".

Meanwhile, Bert and Ernie are filming the street with their video camera so they can watch Sesame Street on television, but Cookie Monster appears and eats both the video camera and the video tape. Bert, Ernie & Cookie Monster tell everybody on Sesame Street that they'll be sad because people don't like to watch Sesame Street anymore. Then Kermit the Frog appears in his "Sesame Street News" attire, asking various people (all of which are played by the Muppet Grover) how to get to Sesame Street, and occasionally running into people who had appeared on the show when they were kids.

The special ends with all the characters singing the Sesame Street song “Sing.” The program is dedicated to the memory of Joe Raposo, who had died on February 5, 1989, in Bronxville, New York, of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, three days before his 52nd birthday.

Humans

 * Emilio Delgado as Luis
 * Sonia Manzano as Maria
 * Bob McGrath as Bob
 * Loretta Long as Susan
 * Roscoe Orman as Gordon
 * Miles Orman as Miles
 * Linda Bove as Linda
 * Bill McCutcheon as Uncle Wally
 * Alison Bartlett as Gina
 * Northern Calloway as David
 * Jim Henson as himself

Jim Henson's Sesame Street Muppet Performers
Additional Muppet Performers: Noel MacNeal (uncredited)
 * Caroll Spinney as Big Bird and Oscar the Grouch
 * Frank Oz as Bert, Grover and Cookie Monster
 * Fran Brill as Prairie Dawn
 * Jerry Nelson as Count von Count and Herry Monster
 * Jim Henson as Ernie and Kermit the Frog
 * Kevin Clash as Elmo and Baby Natasha
 * Richard Hunt as Don Music and Placido Flamingo
 * Martin P. Robinson as Telly Monster and Snuffy
 * Bryant Young as Snuffy (back half)
 * Judy Sladky as Alice Snuffleupagus
 * Fred "Garbo" Garver as Barkley
 * Camille Bonora as Ruby
 * Pam Arciero as Lavender Anything Muppet
 * David Rudman as Swiss

Nielsen ratings
The special ranked 68th out of 80 shows that week and brought in a 7.7/14 rating/share and was watched by around 12.6 million viewers, finishing third in its timeslot behind ABC's Perfect Strangers (13.0/25, 18.6 million, 44th) and Full House (14.6/26, 21.5 million, 30th), and CBS's Beauty and the Beast (10.7/20, 15.2 million, 55th).


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Caspar Buberl

Caspar Buberl (1834 – August 22, 1899) was an American sculptor. He is best known for his Civil War monuments, for the terra cotta relief panels on the Garfield Memorial in Cleveland, Ohio (depicting the various stages of James Garfield's life), and for the 1200 ft-long frieze on the Pension Building in Washington, D.C.

Biography
Born in Königsberg, Bohemia, (now Kynšperk nad Ohří, Czech Republic), as a young man Buberl studied art in Prague and Vienna before immigrating to the United States in 1854 to train under sculptor Robert Eberhard Launitz.

He married Anna Stubner in 1856, and they had nine children.

In 1882 Montgomery C. Meigs was chosen to design and construct the new Pension Building, now the National Building Museum, in Washington D. C. and, in doing so, broke away from the established Greco-Roman models that had been the basis of government buildings in Washington up until then, and was to continue to be following the Pension Building's completion. Meigs based his design on Italian Renaissance precedents, notably Rome's Palazzo Farnese and Plazzo della Cancelleria. Included in his design was a 1200 ft-long sculptured frieze executed by Buberl. Since creating a work of sculpture of that size was well out of Meigs' budget, he had Buberl create 28 different scenes [totaling 69 ft in length), which were then mixed and slightly modified to create the continuous parade that includes over 1,300 individual figures. Because of the way that the 28 sections were modified and intermixed, it is only by somewhat careful examination that the frieze reveals itself to be the same figures repeated some eighteen times.  The sculpture includes infantry, navy, artillery, cavalry and medical components as well as a good deal of the supply and quartermaster functions, since Meigs had overseen the latter two functions during the Civil War.

Meigs insisted that any teamster included in the Quartermaster panel "must be a negro, a plantation slave, freed by war". This figure was ultimately to assume a position in the center, over the west entrance to the building.

Buberl created dozens of Civil War statues and monuments for various cities and states, including several for New York veterans associations to be placed on the Gettysburg Battlefield and a bronze bust of President Abraham Lincoln, which was recently sold for $5,800. His impressive New York State Monument crowns Cemetery Hill, and a number of individual memorials for specific regiments dot the battlefield.

He died at his studio in New York City.

Monuments on the Gettysburg battlefield

 * 9th New York Cavalry Monument – dedicated July 1, 1888
 * 4th New York Independent Battery – dedicated July 2, 1888
 * 5th New York Cavalry Monument – dedicated July 3, 1888
 * 126th New York Infantry – dedicated October 3, 1888
 * 10th New York Cavalry Monument – dedicated October 9, 1888
 * 54th New York Infantry – dedicated July 4, 1890
 * 111th New York Infantry Monument – dedicated June 26, 1891
 * New York State Monument – dedicated July 2, 1893
 * 41st New York Infantry – dedicated July 3, 1893
 * 52nd New York Infantry – dedicated July 3, 1893

Other Civil War monuments

 * Civil War Monument, Manchester, New Hampshire, George Keller, architect, 1879
 * Soldiers and Sailors Monument, Buffalo, New York, George Keller, architect, 1884
 * Soldiers and Sailors Monument, Nashua, New Hampshire, 1889
 * Alexandria Confederate Memorial, Alexandria, Virginia, 1889
 * Soldiers and Sailors Monument, Troy, New York, 1890.
 * Four relief panels: Cavalry, Artillery, Infantry, The Monitor and the Merrimac
 * A.P. Hill Monument, Richmond, Virginia, 1892
 * Howitzer Monument, Richmond, Virginia, 1892
 * Confederate Monument, University of Virginia Cemetery, Charlottesville, Virginia, 1893
 * Raphael Semmes Monument, Mobile, Alabama, 1899

Other memorials and monuments

 * Fulton Memorial, Fulton Park, Brooklyn, New York, 1872
 * Fireman's Memorial, Church Square Park, Hoboken, New Jersey, 1891
 * Dewey Triumphal Arch, Spanish–American War, New York City, 1899

Architectural sculpture

 * Columbia Defending Science and Industry, National Museum/Art and Industries Building, Washington, D.C., Adolph Cluss, architect, Montgomery Meigs, associate architect, 1881
 * Pension Building Frieze, National Building Museum, Washington, D.C., Montgomery Meigs, architect, 1883
 * James A. Garfield Memorial, Lake View Cemetery, Cleveland, Ohio, George Keller, architect, 1890
 * Soldiers and Sailors Memorial Arch, Hartford, Connecticut, George Keller, architect, 1890

title: Caspar Buberl


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Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Deletion sorting/Antarctica

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William Louis Marshall

William Louis Marshall (June 11, 1846, in Washington, Kentucky – July 2, 1920) was an influential figure in the US Corps of Engineers.

At age 16 Marshall enlisted in the 10th Kentucky Cavalry, Union Army. He graduated from the United States Military Academy in 1868 and was commissioned in the Corps of Engineers. Accompanying Lieutenant George Wheeler's Wheeler Survey expedition (1872–76), Marshall covered thousands of miles on foot and horseback and discovered Marshall Pass in central Colorado. He oversaw improvements on the Lower Mississippi River near Vicksburg and on the Fox–Wisconsin Waterway canal system in Wisconsin. As Chicago District Engineer from 1888 to 1899, he planned and began to build the Illinois and Mississippi Canal. Marshall made innovative use of concrete masonry and developed original and cost-saving methods of canal lock construction. Stationed at New York (1900–08), he directed the Ambrose Channel project and the standardizing of fortification construction methods. He retired June 11, 1910—the final Chief of Engineers to have served in the Civil War—but his engineering reputation earned a special appointment from President William Howard Taft as consulting engineer to the Secretary of the Interior on hydroelectric power projects. General Marshall died July 2, 1920, in Washington, D.C.

title: William Louis Marshall


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Salimbene di Adam

Salimbene di Adam, O.F.M., (or Salimbene of Parma) (9 October 1221 – c. 1290) was an Italian Franciscan friar, theologian, and chronicler. Salimbene was one of the most celebrated Franciscan chroniclers of the High Middle Ages. His Cronica is a fundamental source for Italian history of the 13th century.

Early years, 1221–1238
Salimbene was born in Parma, the son of Guido di Adam, a crusader, and Iumelda di Cassio. His parents' house was right next to the baptistery and the episcopal palace. His father's first cousin, Berardo Oliverio di Adam, died in the battle of San Cesario in 1229. His godfather was Balian Grenier, a French nobleman who had distinguished himself at the siege of Damietta during the Fifth Crusade. Salimbene attended the studies in liberal arts available to most boys of his status in the Italian city-states. There he had ample opportunity of becoming thoroughly acquainted with the work of Juvenal, Cato, Claudian, Prosper of Aquitaine and others.

Travels, 1238–1256
On 4 February 1238 Salimbene, then seventeen, was admitted into the Franciscan Order by the minister general, Elias of Cortona. He moved to Fano, where he continued his studies under the guidance of Umile da Milano, a disciple of Haymo of Faversham. After completing his novitiate at Iesi, he moved to Lucca, where he remained until 1241.

Salimbene led a life of wandering, avoiding his father who did not wish him to join the Order. From 1241 to 1243 Salimbene was in Siena, where he met the first disciple of St. Francis of Assisi, Bernard of Quintavalle. In 1243 he moved to Pisa, where he remained until 1247. In Pisa he was ordained deacon and met the great Joachimite theologian Hugh of Digne. Salimbene was fascinated, if occasionally skeptical about Joachim of Fiore's prophecies. References to the abbot's writings and models of history are scattered throughout his chronicle. In 1247 Salimbene travelled from Pisa to Cremona, then to Parma, then into France, where he was sent for further study in theology.

The years 1247 to 1249 were the most crowded and exciting of the friar's life. He met Pope Innocent IV at Lyon and then he travelled to Villefranche, where he met and also spoke at great length with Giovanni da Pian del Carpine, the papal legate to the Great Khan, who had just returned from Karakorum. In 1248 Salimbene went from Villefranche to Troyes, Provins, where he met the Joachimite Gerardo of Borgo San Donnino, to Paris, where he remained only for eight days, to Auxerre, Sens, then to Marseille, Hyères, Aix-en-Provence, Arles, back to Hyères, and then on to Genoa, where he was ordained priest in December 1248. In 1249 he returned to Hyères from Genoa, and then went on to Avignon, Lyon, Genoa, Parma, Bologna, and finally to Ferrara, where he was to remain for seven years, until 1256. During his stay in Ferrara, he began to collect the materials for his Cronica.

The range of Salimbene's travels during these years, the extraordinary number of great men he met, is a census of places and personalities uniquely characteristic of the mid-thirteenth century: Pope Innocent IV, Frederick II, King Louis IX of France, Giovanni da Pian del Carpine, Hugh of Digne, Gerardo da Borgo San Donnino, Bernard of Quintavalle, Filippo da Pistoia.

Later years and death, 1256–1288
His seven years in Ferrara were followed by fourteen years in various houses in Emilia, principally Reggio and Modena, and in Bologna. He seems to have spent the 1270s in the Romagna, and by 1283-1285 was back in Reggio again, where he began to write his Cronica. In 1287 he moved to the friary of Monfalcone (near San Polo d'Enza in the region of Emilia-Romagna), where he probably died around 1288.

Cronica
Salimbene's main work was his Cronica ("Chronicle"), covering the years 1167–1287. The Cronica is a lively and anecdotal work, written in a Latin strongly influenced by vernacular usage. It was begun around 1282 and begins with the founding of Alessandria. Salimbene is a very discursive and a very personal writer. He inserts several autobiographical episodes in his Chronicle and gives a remarkably vivid picture of life in France and Italy during the 13th century. He also gives numerous details of internal disputes in the Franciscan Order at the time and provides us with information about daily life among the early Franciscans which we get from no other source.

Salimbene's Cronica is a particularly important source for the history of Frederick II's Italian wars. A Guelph and a Franciscan, doubly vowed to enmity against him, Salimbene wrote of Frederick with a curious unwilling admiration, "Of faith in God he had none; he was crafty, wily, avaricious, lustful, malicious, wrathful; and yet a gallant man at times, when he would show his kindness or courtesy; full of solace, jocund, delightful, fertile in devices. He knew how to read, write, and sing, and to make songs and music."

Salimbene is our principal witness to several of the leading personalities shaping thirteenth century society. He provides us with information which is hard to find at all outside his Chronicle. Yet in those instances where his facts can be checked against outside sources, the Chronicle has been shown to be generally trustworthy and reliable, even in the harsh account of Elias of Cortona, for example, where all of Salimbene's most violent prejudices have been engaged to blacken the character of a man he so evidently disliked.

Other works
Salimbene wrote several treatises whose titles are known but which are now lost. One of the most significant was the political pamphlet The Twelve Calamities of Emperor Frederick II (“XII scelera Friderici imperatoris”), probably written in 1248. "The Twelve Calamities" was set up as a kind of servant's narrative (Exempla, examples), made to demonstrate the faults of Frederick II - often with loosely fitted biblical quotations. One of the major themes of the work was Salimbene's emphasis on numerology. The work was set up to demonstrate the parallel between the ten plagues and the ten calamities of Frederick II (conveniently he tacked on the last two after the parallel). Emphasizing the Christian nature of his narrative and the non-Christian nature of Frederick, Salimbene turned a phrase used during the crusades claiming that “if he had been a good Catholic and had loved God, the Church, and his own soul, he would scarcely have had an equal as an emperor in the world.”

Editions
Salimbene's Chronicle is incompletely preserved in a single manuscript (Vatican Latin 7260). It was first edited in the "Monumenta historica ad provincias Parmensem et Placentinensem pertinentia", III (Parma, 1857), but the part issued only covered the years 1212-87. The first part of the chronicle, covering the years 1167-1212, was edited by Léon Clédat in his work "De fratre Salimbene et de eius chronicae auctoritate" (Paris, 1878). A fine and complete edition was edited by Holder-Egger in "Monumenta Germaniae Historica: Scriptores", XXXII (Hanover, 1906). Besides an Italian translation by Carlo Cantarelli there is an incomplete one in English by G. G. Coulton with the title "From Francis to Dante" (London, 1906).

title: Salimbene di Adam


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Peter Wilkinson (Royal Navy officer)

Vice Admiral Peter John Wilkinson, (born 28 May 1956) is a retired senior Royal Navy officer who served as Deputy Chief of Defence Staff (Personnel) from 2007 to 2010. He was National President of the Royal British Legion from 2012 until 2016.

Early life
Wilkinson was born on 28 May 1956. He was educated at the Royal Grammar School, High Wycombe, and the University of Wales, Lampeter, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts in 1978.

Military career
Wilkinson joined the Royal Navy in 1975, where he initially served in submarines. He commanded the submarines HMS Otter, Superb, and Vanguard, being promoted to captain in 1995. He was captain of the 2nd Submarine Squadron from 1999 to 2001.

Wilkinson was the Director of Naval Service and Conditions (as a commodore) from 2001, and then Naval Secretary and Director-General Human Resources (Navy) from 2004. From 2005 to 2007 he was Defence Services Secretary and Assistant Chief of Defence Staff (Personnel and Reserves). He was promoted to vice admiral and appointed as Deputy Chief of the Defence Staff (Personnel) in August 2007. Wilkinson was appointed a Companion of the Order of the Bath in the 2010 Birthday Honours, and retired in August 2010.

Later life
In retirement Wilkinson became chairman of Seafarers UK, a charity supporting seafarers in need and their dependants across the Royal Navy, Merchant Navy and Fishing Fleets, and Clerk of the Worshipful Company of Cooks. He is a trustee of the Armed Forces Memorial appeal, which has built a new memorial to service personnel who have lost their lives on duty. The memorial is located at the National Memorial Arboretum in Staffordshire. After the resignation of Lieutenant General Sir John Kiszely, he was appointed National President of the Royal British Legion in October 2012 and served until May 2016.

title: Peter Wilkinson (Royal Navy officer)


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Talk:Puppy mill

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Is ASPCA a reliable and neutral source?
I notice most of the stronger claims in this article are sourced from organizations such as the ASPCA, etc. Does this not violate the WP:NPOV policy? —Memotype:: T 01:55, 4 May 2010 (UTC)
 * I think that since puppy mill itself is a relatively derogatory term, that groups that oppose these puppy mills, and actually have referenced material, or have conducted undercover investigations, are a reasonable source. I notice that the Kennel Club and other groups who might be pro-breeding are also included in the refs, but I believe that even those groups are opposed to intensive breeding as might occur at a puppy mill. It's a little bit like the Cruelty to animals article - there just aren't that many people in favor of it. Bob98133 (talk) 13:50, 4 May 2010 (UTC)

No. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 144.38.63.112 (talk) 22:34, 28 November 2012 (UTC)

The American Kennel Club actually does support puppy mills by passing them in onsite inspections and by lobbying in opposition of proposed state laws banning puppy mills. Also, while there aren't many people in favor of cruelty to animals, reasonable people can disagree on what constitutes cruelty to animals. Some would include making them fight each other, but a few would also include living in an unsuitable climate (e.g. a husky in L.A.) or even simply life as a house pet, as cruel. For example, I feel that forcing a cat to live as an "indoor cat" is extremely depraved and cruel, akin to humans whose spouse or parents make them live in basements their entire lives without ever going outside.

Where?
My friend just told me that puppy mills were made illegal in his state. He's an internet friend, mind you, and he didn't tell which state it was. So, can somebody figure which state they were made illegal in? 24.179.27.28 (talk) 23:21, 17 March 2011 (UTC)

Google.com .... Can you figure that out yourself, Anon? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2600:1010:B046:87C:D5DC:DD57:BD49:1B8C (talk) 11:34, 27 March 2020 (UTC)

Move to "Unlicensed Dog Breeders"
"According to the Humane Society of the United States, there are an estimated 10,000 licensed and unlicensed puppy mills in the United States, in total selling more than 2,000,000 puppies annually."

It appears that even if you are licensed by the US Department of Agriculture, submit to regular inspection, and abide by all regulations the Humane Society will still consider a business a "puppy-mill" if it is a "commercial" operation. This amorphous definition and unacceptable. It is borderline slanderous to imply that a breeder is a "puppy-mill" when they are licensed by the USDA, comply with regulations, and submit to regular inspections. This article should be retitled "Unlicensed Dog Breeders" and should specifically exclude licensed breeders who submit to inspections and comply with regulations.

 * The Humane Society does not have a monopoly on defining "puppy mill", nor is it a term that only they use. It's a term in common usage to describe high volume breeding operations which are abusive by their very nature.

 * There's no such thing as borderline slanderous. Statements are either actionable defamation or a legitimate exercise of free speech. Ironically, accusing someone of borderline slander is more likely to be actionable defamation than calling a breeder a puppy mill, which will be subject to a reckless indifference standard. Since puppy mills are an issue of public interest, the 1st Amendment guarantee of free speech gives speakers more leeway to criticize them.

 * In addition, contrary to your assumption, the fact a breeder passed a USDA inspection does not mean they are not a puppy mill - USDA breeder inspections do not evaluate compliance with animal welfare laws of any kind.

 * 0 for 3.
 * I just made an abortive attempt to fix some seehe U.S. centracism in the article, but geve it up because that would require more rewriting that I'm prepared to do. Please read WP:GLOBALIZE, though. Also please note that the article does not assert that the Humane Society (either the Humane Society of the United States or Humane societies generally) has a monopoly on defining the term the term puppy mill. Wtmitchell (talk) (earlier Boracay Bill) 12:22, 27 March 2020 (UTC)

External links modified
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Assessment comment
Substituted at 03:33, 30 April 2016 (UTC)

Red herring removed from lead
The following sentence was removed from the lead: "No standardized legal definition for "puppy mill" exists."

A Red herring is a fact or statement which is designed to mislead or distract attention away from the main facts or concepts of of an article, essay, situation, etc.

The article is not about laws (although laws concerning pet breeding for profit are important to it.) No mention of "laws" was made in the lead before the sentence, so the sentence didn't build upon what came before--in fact it was totally discontinuous. Wikipedia is not a legal publication--its primary concern is not laws. For all these reasons, the sentence was a red herring and needed removal. Done. Tapered (talk) 05:23, 31 August 2016 (UTC)

 * Oops. There was context that preceded the seeming red herring described above. I discovered it by accident, and restored the entire quote, edited out in Feb 2014, by Defaultdon1998. He made only 3 edits, all to this article on this subject, so I won't bother with notification. Tapered (talk) 05:58, 31 August 2016 (UTC)

Private Pet Store Owners Protecting Puppy Mills
It can not be overstated that the private pet store industry depends on breeders, and upon the "pure-bred" label to sell animals at marked up prices. The government crack down on animal abuses were met by pressure from these private pet stores due to a loss of revenue.

See link: http://bogartsdaddy.com/bouvier/bouv_pages/article-inquire-puppymills-akc.htm

The now deceased Robert L. Gryder of Docktor Pet Center in Biloxi, Mississippi was once such owner singled-out by the AKC. The ACK stopped giving licenses to a known puppy-mill supply to his store. Mr. Gryder was less concerned about the health of the animals than he was abut his own profit. He stated in his 1991 letter to the AKC that this would "cause irreparable harm to our business."

But you see, he was not being truthful. I worked for Mr. Gryder in 1997 and I saw the conditions that led up to the lawsuit(s) that helped put his company out of business. A customer sued his store because they purchased one dog that died and the replacement dog died as well. In fact, it was a normal occurrence for animals to die in this store.

I had no training and only a highs school degree when I was hired to take care of the animals. From day one I had a medicine cabinet filled with vaccines and drugs, and it was my responsibility to medicate the animals in the store as needed. Part of our responsibility was to walk the store each morning both for cleanliness, but also to look for any animal deaths or injuries overnight. Animals who were deceased were called "Shaeffers" and placed in plastic bags and then into a full size refrigerator to be picked up by the veterinarian. Gryder Pet Stores did pay for the services of a veterinarian, but he was not on staff and only visited the animals 1) when they were new 2) on weekly visits and 3) if he was called to the store for emergencies. To answer the commentary above, yes it is known by pet store staff that all animals can be abused by breeders. It was normal for us to receive animals with colds, coughs, tics, ear mites or just be covered in their own feces due to air transport.  Sick animals were removed from the floor and placed in a backroom for medical treatment.  Rodents especially are prone to dehydration and saline bags were kept on hand to given by the staff to sick or dying animals. I quit shortly after a puppy died overnight. Within an hour of him arriving from the airport, I witnessed the dog foaming from the mouth, and despite the fact that I was trusted with other medical treatment for all the animals, Robert Gryder and his wife decided that I must not have had enough training to know a foaming dog when I saw it. They did not call the vet to look at the dog, but admitted the vet was across town playing golf. The puppy died alone in his cage overnight with only a towel to comfort it. While I was there, we also had a slew of rabbits die, and the birds had to be removed from the store and placed in quarantine, because a customer became sick with E. Coli.

While these are the experiences of only one pet store, they are relevant in that Robert L. Gryder choose to place pressure on the AKC, despite knowing he had a store full of sick and dying animals, and that his store was later plagued with lawsuits due to selling these animals to the public. It is also relevant because the public thinks the problems stop once the animal leaves the puppy mill, and is largely unaware of the health problems that continue in the pet stores. Also it may be the breeders and such irresposible pet store owners who have decided that the puppy mill term must be pejorative. Think about it, they can't take the public to court for making truthful statements, but they can make nasty comments from behind their computer screens to help cover up the known abuses in their industry, and few members of the public would have motive to argue with the term, unless they saw the term as hurtful to their own business. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2601:14B:4401:D5C0:9028:75B3:CB5C:3F24 (talk) 18:45, 5 November 2016 (UTC)

Terminology
Hello, I've never used the talk feature before so I hope I am doing this right. I wanted to pose a conversation or discussion about the use of the word "bitch" within the article, specifically the "Differences in breeding conditions" section. I didn't see any similar conversations on this page so I started a new one. I know that this is word does mean female dog, but it is also a very offensive word for females, which is part of the reason why I think it could be corrected. However, my real concern regarding this word and its use in the article has to do with context. What I am referring to is the rest of the article. The word "bitch" was used four times in one paragraph only. It was nowhere else on the page and yet the term "female" or "female dog" came up 9 times throughout the page in different sections. Seeing how the use of "bitch" was both excessive and exclusive to one paragraph I felt this was not mere coincidence or someone trying to use different vocab, both of which I could understand. The use of this word feels deliberate given the rest of the page. Therefore, I think either the one paragraph should be edited or there should be more consistency/different vocab used throughout the article so it isn't so centered on one paragraph. I am open to hearing people's thoughts on this and discussing it. Thank you. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 98.115.178.210 (talk • contribs) 01:40, 12 January 2017 (UTC)
 * Wikipedia is not censored, so the only concern one should have here is consistency. 93 05:50, 3 May 2017 (UTC)

I agree with both commenters in regard to consistency and I will try to address this issue. Thanks for your comments. — Preceding unsigned comment added by VGirl7553 (talk • contribs) 04:54, 10 July 2017 (UTC)

No standardized legal definition
An IP has been repeatedly cutting any attempt at defining a puppy mill in the lede, arguing in edit summaries that this is "unfactual irrelevant informaion" and "Please read: "no standardized legal definition for "puppy mill" exists." Naming a court case that was thrown out is irrelevant to this article!)". The lack of a standard legal definition doesn't mean that we shouldn't attempt to explain to the reader what a puppy mill is - cutting it to merely say that the term refers to any "commercial dog breeding facility" is unhelpful. The animal welfare concerns are written about at length in the article, and the WP:LEDE should reflect this. We should probably be going even further and mentioning this - without quotation and as a statement of fact - in the opening sentence. --McGeddon (talk) 09:26, 15 February 2017 (UTC)

Legislative Response in the US
I noticed this section has a lot of information on Missouri and not a lot on the other states in the U.S.    an example to include: California just passed a bill that January 2019 pet stores will be required to sell animals from shelters, rescue centers or adoption agencies. Governor Jerry Brown said stores could receive up to a five hundred dollar fine for selling an animal that is not a rescue. 01:19, 9 November 2017 (UTC) ~Bergmanucsd (talk) — Preceding unsigned comment added by Caitlincook09 (talk • contribs)

Peta as a Source?
I noticed in the common problems section peta was used to source the following sentences: "The conditions in puppy mills are considered inhumane because all of the dogs are in a small, dirty area which is confined with disease and bacteria. Because of the poor living conditions, dogs are often sick and malnourished. Food is often found crawling with bugs and feces is almost everywhere. Health issues that are prevalent in puppy mills consist of giardia, mange, heartworm, respiratory infections, and much more." I am not sure that PETA is a reliable source to get information from. I also read the article that was linked with the citation 19 and it does not state any of those health issues in the article. Here is the link for the article in citation 19 01:36, 9 November 2017 (UTC)Bergmanucsd — Preceding unsigned comment added by Caitlincook09 (talk • contribs)

Maybe, humane society shows you/others a better overall reputation sorts? They even featured me lists of bad behaviours of puppy mills, too! See here: https://www.hsi.org/wp-content/uploads/assets/pdfs/puppy_mills_factsheet.pdf 2001:9E8:1216:D801:3DCC:AD70:5864:D786 (talk) 20:55, 17 March 2024 (UTC)

Bad Hobby Breeding vs. Good Hobby Breeding
I think we need to talk more about the differences between reputable hobby breeding and bad hobby breeders because puppy mill is a term that describes both non-licensed and licensed. The conversation so far only includes the ones that do not follow the rules. 02:18, 9 November 2017 (UTC)Bergmanucsd

External links modified
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Questions & Improvements
I am making/editing this puppy mill wiki page for my English class.

Can somebody give me some advice? What are some good sources to use?

MachoCoMachoMan (talk) 22:07, 21 April 2019 (UTC) Piububbuybhuy7tf56r5fthu8ijonubhgvcfdxszaqswdefr7yhujkmjhgvfcdxsasw356789i0oplkmjnv cxdfrtopl;.≤fdxfghbjkl;,kmjhgfdsedrftyuioploreswertyuijkoiuytredsrtyuikolkiuytrtyujkl,mkjhgyuiopiuytryuiouytryuiouytguiouytuiopiuytyui90oiuytfyu9iuytyuiuytretyuiouytrdfgyuiuytfgyuiouygf — Preceding unsigned comment added by 124.169.102.252 (talk) 04:59, 14 July 2022 (UTC)

Problem swapped over to Germany
According to both PETA and Vier Pfoten, instances of people wanting easy on the money sorts of puppies have been equally on the rise. I rung alarm bells to my studymates bare minimum already on an already a last chance for sus behaviours of a candidate at University of Halle, as this candidate itself appeared to be a hobbyist breeder of puppies already. What to do against of this? Police does not always show respect for anti sus behaviour opposers in my country.

Anyways what I did: link to Wühltischwelpen, as equally of helpfulness as PETA/Vier Pfoten to avoid bad sorts of easy on the money breeders of any animal species kind including puppies. Wühltischwelpen - nein danke! (wuehltischwelpen.de)

Chemnitz and Halle also see missing dogs and cats of owners of any kind, too. Even this is its own tragedy. What to do against even this? 2001:9E8:1216:D801:3DCC:AD70:5864:D786 (talk) 21:05, 17 March 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Puppy mill


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Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Deletion sorting/Comics and animation

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Stinkfist (EP)

Stinkfist is a collaborative EP by Clint Ruin (a.k.a. J. G. Thirlwell) and Lydia Lunch. This outing from the ex-Immaculate Consumptive bandmates was originally released as a 12" in 1987 on Lunch's Widowspeak label.

Content
The album cover shows Lunch and Ruin—lovers at the time—in a coital embrace.

Release
Stinkfist was released in 1987 by record label Widowspeak. A 1989 CD version added "The Crumb", a single by Lunch and Sonic Youth leader Thurston Moore.

Reception
Trouser Press wrote "Stinkfist could be the first joint effort [Lydia Lunch] doesn't dominate [...] Lots of noise and energy but nothing new, especially for the already Foetusized."

Personnel and production
"Stinkfist" and "Son of Stink": "Meltdown Oratorio": "The Crumb":
 * Cliff Martinez – drums, metal
 * DJ Bonebrake – drums, metal
 * Neil – drums, metal
 * Spit – drums, metal
 * Tom Surgal – metal
 * Roli Mosimann – timbales, engineering
 * Lydia Lunch – voices, metal
 * Clint Ruin – voices, metal
 * Randy Burns – engineering
 * Hahn Rowe – engineering
 * Lydia Lunch – voices
 * Clint Ruin – instruments
 * Martin Bisi – engineering
 * Thurston Moore – guitars, voice
 * Lydia Lunch – voice
 * Clint Ruin – loops, treatments, production
 * Bass/drums - "grafted and transplanted from eternity." Bass and drums are reworked from Lydia Lunch's "Dead in the Head" on her Honeymoon in Red album. Though uncredited, the original performance is by Ruin.
 * Martin Bisi – engineering

title: Stinkfist (EP)


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Advanced Management Program

An Advanced Management Program (AMP) is an intensive non-degree senior executive education program often offered by elite business schools and aimed at senior managers and government officials. It is offered by business schools in several parts of the world, including North America, Europe, India, and Australia. Participants usually have at least 15 years of management experience and are within one or two levels of the C-suite.

Such programs include the core curriculum of MBA and Executive MBA programs because, according to the Wall Street Journal, "these students are well beyond that fare." Instead, Advanced Management Programs focus on teaching "how to lead ... and the fine art of executing a vision." The Columbia Business School AMP, for example, is built on three pillars: Leading authentically, thinking strategically, and executing dynamically.

Advanced Management Programs are usually highly selective. Business schools only offer them at most twice per year and generally limit class sizes to no more than 50 students. Admission to Advanced Management Programs, rather than being based on academics or standardized test scores, is based instead on testing, management seniority, and workplace accomplishments.

In 2008, Advanced Management Programs generally cost within the range of US$50,000-$98,000 at top business schools, and 95% of students were sponsored by their employers. As of 2020, example AMP tuition prices were US$56,000 at Chicago Booth, CHF 30,000 at IMD, €38,500 at INSEAD, US$78,450 at Columbia, US$79,500 at Wharton, US$65,000 at MIT, and US$82,000 at Harvard.

Some business schools offer alumni status to students who complete the school's AMP, while other business schools do not.

Advanced Management Programs should not be confused with non-degree programs from training institutes such as Mini-MBA or Business Certificates from non-degree giving organizations.

History
The first Advanced Management Program began at Harvard Business School in 1945, which is considered a degree program at the conclusion of World War II. The forerunner to Harvard's AMP was a series of seminars for New England businessmen taught by Harvard Business School professor Philip Cabot prior to the war. Professor Cabot's seminars became more formalized during the war and turned into the Advanced Management Program at war's end. Harvard's AMP was a role model for similar programs elsewhere. By 1951, five more universities offered similar programs. By 1958, 39 additional similar programs had been created at other business schools.

title: Advanced Management Program


text:
User:Chronographos/Pigeon-implemented TCP/IP

Carrier pigeon-implemented TCP/IP, commonly called CP/TCP/IP, was originally devised a a communications system that would be immune to electromagnetic interference, either accidental or intentional (i.e. sabotage). Although initially hailed as an environmentally friendly and fully recyclable (albeit somewhat slow) system, it has been attacked by inner city residents, who object to the highly corrosive effects that pigeon droppings are said to exert on building exteriors.

Environmental controversy
In the absence of local authority initiatives, inner city residents have on occasion organized "Scrub-it-Clean" operations, using recycled toilet paper to clean badly soiled buildings. On two occasions there have been demonstrations in Southeastern Europe, with protesters angrily brandishing toilet paper holders and calling on local authorities to take action and implement Smoke signal-based systems instead. Critics say that the latter are fraught with graver pollution hazards, including particulate matter pollution, ozone layer depletion, global warming and local warming (i.e. fire). Some have claimed that the "smoke screeners" (as they are derogatorily called) are paid oil industry shills, an accusation indignantly denied as "patently false and slanderous" by both Scrub-it-Clean activists and the oil industry.


text: Category:Decathletes

title: Category:Decathletes


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Elseworlds 80-Page Giant

Elseworlds 80-Page Giant is an 80-page collection of Elseworlds stories published by DC Comics. The collection was withdrawn and pulped after DC became concerned about a scene in one of the stories.

Publication history
This comic included the stories "Superman Jr. Is No More!", featuring the Super-Sons, and "Letitia Lerner, Superman's Babysitter", among others. DC Comics President Paul Levitz deemed the Letitia Lerner story inappropriate (for featuring scenes depicting the baby Superman in a microwave, among others) and ordered the press run halted and the printed issues destroyed. However, around 2,000 copies of the issue had already been shipped to the UK. Although DC attempted to recall these copies, they quickly became a highly sought after collector's item (see Recalled comics for more pulped, recalled, and erroneous comics), and estimates of available copies range between 700 and 2,000.

The Letitia Lerner story earned two Eisner Awards, and was later republished in the pages of Bizarro Comics (a collection originally devised as a vehicle to showcase the feature).

The Super-Sons story was republished in Batman/Superman: Saga of the Super Sons.

Contents
The following stories were included:
 * The Reaching Hand: A Lovecraftian gothic horror tale about detective Bruce Wayne's investigation into the murder of Elongated Man and other stretching characters. By D. Curtis Johnson and Aaron Lopresti.
 * Rockumentary: Reporter Bonnie Firestein gives the behind-the-scenes history of the most famous music producer of all time, Lex Luthor. By Bronwyn Carlton, Greg Luzniak, and Anibal Rodriguez.
 * Letitia Lerner, Superman's Babysitter. Ma and Pa Kent decide to finally risk a night out, leaving their super-powered baby with a baby-sitter who is unaware of how difficult he is to control. By Kyle Baker and Elizabeth Glass.
 * The Vigilantes of Apartment 3-B: A daily comic strip version of the Birds of Prey, based on Apartment 3-G. Sexy roommates Dinah Drake and Barbara Gordon are Black Canary and Batgirl, and when they are not dealing with crime they are dealing with their love lives. By Chuck Dixon and Enrique Villagran.
 * Superman Jr. Is No More!: The Super-Sons, Batman Jr. and Superman Jr., return in a tale that puts their friendship, and their lives, on the line. By Bob Haney and Kieron Dwyer.
 * Scandalgate: President Superman is in crisis. A satire of Bill Clinton's impeachment with Superman's enemies interrogating press secretary Jimmy Olsen. By Tom Peyer and Ty Templeton.
 * Worlds Apart: Baby Kal-El's rocketship accidentally crashes into the Wayne family, causing young Bruce to declare a never-ending war against "that damn baby". By Chuck Dixon, Trevor Von Eeden, and Josef Rubinstein.
 * Silver Age Elseworlds: A series of gag covers for Elseworlds tales, done in the style of the Silver Age, created by Mark Waid and Ty Templeton, including:
 * Superman in President Abraham (Brainiac) Lincoln vs. Clark Kent, Metallo: Kal-El is found by the Booth family and tries to kill the president.
 * Luthor's Daughter, Wonder Woman: Lex Luthor goes back in time and becomes Wonder Woman's father.
 * Batman with Robin, the Squid Wonder: Batman fights crime under the sea.
 * The Golden Age Teen Titans in Zoot Suit Riot!: Dr. Fate Jr., Kid Spectre, Li'l Atom, the Amazon Prince, the Golden Age Arsenal, and Stripesy go up against Zoot Alores, the haberdasher of hate.
 * Legion of Super-Heroes in The Revenge of Young Darkseid: Young Darkseid is rejected by the Legion of Super-Heroes.
 * Menace of the Gorilla-Explorer: Christopher Grodd Columbus of Gorilla City discovers America.
 * Liberté, Egalité, Metallica: The Metal Men fight for the people during the French Revolution.
 * Batman with Eve in The Garden of Evil: Batman protects Eve from a Joker-faced serpent in the Garden of Eden. Eve begins to notice that Adam is never around when Batman appears.
 * Dark Night of the Golden Kingdom: A parody of the famous Elseworlds tale Kingdom Come. Batman is dead and Superman left the Earth twenty years ago, partially because he is tired and he cannot stand the beeping of Jimmy Olsen's watch. It is now up to Aquahawk, Martian Manhuntress, Negative Woman, and Green Canary to fight against the composite Joker-Luthor. By Tom Peyer and Ariel Olivetti.

2012 reissue
The entire issue was reprinted as DC Comics Presents: Elseworlds 100-Page Spectacular #1 (indicia title: DC Comics Presents: Elseworlds 80-Page Giant #1) with a cover date of January 2012 and a cover price of $7.99 US. It went on sale December 28, 2011. This reissue included one story not included in the original 1999 edition: The Berlin Batman by Paul Pope (story and art), a tale of a Jewish Batman in 1939 Berlin. This story originally appeared in The Batman Chronicles #11, winter 1998.

title: Elseworlds 80-Page Giant


text:
Youra

Youra may refer to:

 * Youra (singer) (born 1993), a South Korean singer-songwriter
 * Islet of Youra (or Gioura), a small Greek island

title: Youra


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Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Deletion sorting/Lists of people

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Alan Reid (courtier)

Sir Philip Alan Reid, (born January 18, 1947) has been Chairman of the Duchy of Lancaster since January 2018 and was Keeper of the Privy Purse, Treasurer to the Queen and Receiver General to the Duchy of Lancaster in the Royal Household of the Sovereign of the United Kingdom from 2002 until 2017.

Reid was formerly a senior partner with Big Four accountancy firm KPMG.

As Keeper of the Privy Purse, Reid was responsible for the expenditure of public funds voted by the Parliament to the Sovereign, usually called the Sovereign Grant. As Treasurer to the Queen, he was also responsible for the Sovereign's private finances. The Sovereign also holds the title of Duke of Lancaster (regardless of gender), which brings with it responsibility for the Duchy of Lancaster estates. He retired from the Royal Household in December 2017.

Reid was appointed a Knight Commander of the Royal Victorian Order (KCVO) in 2007 and elevated to a Knight Grand Cross of the same Order (GCVO) in the 2012 Diamond Jubilee Honours. The knighthood is in the personal bestowal of the Queen and only she may choose to honour an individual with it accordingly.

title: Alan Reid (courtier)


text:
List of festivals in Laos

Laotian Festivals are usually based on Theravada Buddhism.

Notable festivals and public holidays

 * Boun Bang Fay (ງານບຸນບັ້ງໄຟ)
 * Boun Fai Payanak
 * Boun Haw Khao Padap Din (ງານບຸນຫໍ່ເຂົ້າປະດັບດິນ)
 * Boun Khao Pansa(ງານບຸນເຂົ້າພັນສາ)
 * Boun Khun Khao
 * Boun Makha Busaa
 * Boun Ok Pansa
 * Boun Suang Huea
 * Boun That Luang
 * Boun That Sikhot
 * Boun Wat Phu Champasak
 * Chinese New Year/Tết
 * Hmong New Year
 * International Labor Day
 * Lai Heua Fai
 * Lao Children's Day
 * Lao Elephant Festival
 * Lao Independence Day
 * Lao Issara Day
 * Lao New Day
 * Lao Women's Day
 * Pi Mai Lao
 * Ok Phansa
 * Pathet Lao Day
 * That In Hang Festival
 * Vixakha Bouxa

title: List of festivals in Laos


text:
Talk:List of Vietnamese people

Arts and Entertainment
As far as I know, Thành Chương is a painter, not a sculptor. Avia 01:23, 25 August 2005 (UTC) Xi Shi was not a Vietnamese woman, she was born in the State of Yue not Vietnam. Get your facts right! — Preceding unsigned comment added by 173.51.101.221 (talk) 23:14, 2 June 2011 (UTC)

 * Please check link Danh sách những người Việt Nam nổi tiếng! Newone 07:32, 8 November 2006 (UTC)

 * 1) Phi Cong Le, general, Phi Le defeated 1000 enemies with a machinegunBattle of Dien Bien Phu
 * 2) Thang Dai Nguyen,Master Chief, Thang Nguyen sniped 100 enamys,threw a sticky granade that stuck Bush Galang, he was in a clan named Gueirllas In Tha Mist, also destroyed Xirliroz aka fat dawg through out his life. This was past the Viet Nam war. Later he joined Battle of Dien Bien Phu
 * 3) Huan Cong Le,Great General, Ended Phi Cong Le in a hand to hand combat fight. Battle of Dien Bien Phu
 * 4) Levin Le,Servent, Cleaned general Phi Cong Le's wounds after the fight with Huan Cong Le. Battle of Dien Bien Phu
 * 5) Truong Ho,Warrior, Awfully small but carryed a big sword that took out most of the enamy, the swords name is SuperDeepSword.Battle of Dien Bien Phu
 * 6) Hoa Le,Warrior, Used his smart brain to Block and use his shield and blade to there limits, the shield and blades name is FireShield and ConquestBlade. Battle of Dien Bien Phu
 * 7) Jimmy Le,fought along side,Thang Dai Nguyen, Phi Cong Le, Huan Cong Le, Truong Ho, and with his brother Hoa Le, he soon Betraid his brother and killed him, while Huan fought Phi, They lost the battle but Huan defeated him. Battle of Dien Bien Phu
 * 8) Thang Van Nguyen,He was noting compared to, Thang Dai Nguyen, but a pervert, His nick name was Perverted Hermit, Helped in Battle of Dien Bien Phu
 * 9) Bush Galang,2nd Hand look out, he was a spy with his friend Tenzin, tricked them in Battle of Dien Bien Phu

What kind of crap is this? Hawkie 10:42, 9 June 2007 (UTC)

 * Only living people? 118.71.180.129 (talk) 11:57, 3 January 2009 (UTC)

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Revamp of this article
The main reason why I am deleting some of them is because of their association with not very appropriate content such as porn or inappropriate topics such as their relation to Nazism or strange topics for example. That's why I'm deleting some of them and including more wholesome people like Nguyen Chi Tai for instance, who should have been there in the first place but wasn't. 203.213.84.99 (talk) 16:34, 30 April 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:List of Vietnamese people


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National Rose Garden

The National Rose Gardens are a heritage-listed rose gardens located in Parkes, a suburb of Canberra, in the Australian Capital Territory of Australia. The rose gardens were added to the Australian Commonwealth Heritage List on 22 June 2004.

The National Rose Gardens, conceived in 1926 and opened in 1933, were Australia's first national gardening project and were planned as a physical expression of the principle of cooperation between the Commonwealth and the States. In the development of the Gardens roses were contributed by all States in Australia. The Gardens were intended to provide an interest for all Australians in developing Canberra, the national capital, as a garden city. The Gardens demonstrate a distinctive early example of twentieth century public garden design in a formal style. In horticultural terms the Gardens have provided the opportunity to exhibit the best varieties of Australian grown and overseas roses in a favourable climate. Their location in front of the (then Provisional) Old Parliament House was planned to enhance the setting of the House. The Gardens are valued by visitors to Canberra as well as the local community for their aesthetic qualities.

History
The concept of an Australian Rose Garden in Canberra dates back to 1926 when it was proposed by the National Rose Society of NSW to the Federal Capital Commission (FCC). Plans for the National Rose Gardens were prepared by 1932 and, through the Horticultural Society of Canberra, Rose Societies in each State were approached to contribute roses. Each garden was to have 2,000 standard and climbing roses and the beds were to have different varieties of roses arranged by colour. Thirty-eight public bodies and many private individuals contributed roses. The first rose was planted by the Minister for the Interior, John Perkins on 12 September 1933. The rose was a Daily Mail donated by the Victorian Mothers' Clubs.

Over the following weeks 2,000 roses were planted and the gardens were fully planted by the next planting season. The gardens have some value for their association with Thomas Weston, the first officer in charge of afforestation in Canberra, whose ashes were scattered in the park he designed and laid out in front of the Parliament House. This park includes the National Rose Gardens and the grassed terrace of Parkes Place. Weston died in 1936.

The gardens were refurbished for the 1954 visit of Queen Elizabeth II. This involved the replacement of many roses. The perimeter paths around the gardens were converted to rose garden beds and the pyramid style supports for climbing roses were replaced with rectangular timber pergolas. The garden beds were modified between 1965 and 1968 when King George Terrace was realigned and the King George V Memorial was moved to a corner of the western garden. In 1968 a restaurant was built on another corner of the western garden. The timber pergolas were replaced with metal and wire frames in 1968.

Physical description
The gardens are in two parts, set symmetrically either side of the grassed terrace in front of Old Parliament House. The design of the two gardens is similar in plan, but each displays an individual character. The site slopes gently to the north (approximately 1.5% slope) and covers an area of approximately 4.5 ha. The general character of the gardens is of a spacious formal parterre enclosed by mature trees. The gardens have three basic components: the rose beds themselves, perimeter plantings of trees and the lawn. The rose beds in each garden are laid out in plan to symbolise the petals of a fully opened rose. This consists of a central circular bed enclosed by punctuated annulus beds in a formal quartered configuration. The replacement of ageing roses with new varieties occurs regularly. Each garden is enclosed by a perimeter of large mature trees of a variety of non native species, evergreen and deciduous and arranged in a regular order. The species used (basically cedar, oak, pine, plane and poplar) provide for a range of seasonal visual effects as well as wind protection and space definition. Pruning of low limbs has provided unimpeded pedestrian access. The avenue of cypress trees (Cupressus sempervirens) which separates the rose gardens and the central grassed terrace is a memorial planting. Planted by visiting dignitaries on the occasion of the meeting of the delegates of the Empire Parliamentary Association in 1926, many of the trees still have a memorial plaque at their base. Also along this avenue are mature poplar trees (Populus nigra) which were intended as markers, because of their strong vertical form and vivid yellow autumn colour, to key entry points within the Parliamentary Triangle. Both the poplars and cypresses are remnants of the original plan and plantings made by Weston.

Apart from the beds and the main edge pathways, all other surfaces are irrigated grass. This provides a bright green uniform ground plane which highlights the patterns created by light and shade and allows a smooth transition of views into adjacent spaces.

The gardens declined after the Parliament moved to the new Parliament House in 1988. The gardens were restored and officially re-opened in December 2004.

The gardens incorporate tennis courts and a bowling green. They were originally used for outdoor parties associated with official visits and at the opening sessions of Parliament.

title: National Rose Garden


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User:Jerzy/User2 plus

(talk • contribs | [/wiki/User:_?action=history&limit=5 UHx ] • [/wiki/User_talk:_?action=history&limit=5 UtHx ] | [/wiki/User_talk:_?action=edit UtE ] • [/wiki/User_talk:_?action=edit&section=new Ut+ ] )

title: User:Jerzy/User2 plus


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Talk:Licensing (strategic alliance)

This could maybe have a better title, perhaps licensed production, but I don't feel it should be completely merged. It's enough of a distinct topic to warrant its own article. -eric ✈ 01:24, 25 August 2005 (UTC)

Merge - both articles discuss the same thing.LukeSurl 23:36, 6 April 2006 (UTC)

title: Talk:Licensing (strategic alliance)


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Sebastian Roberts

Major General Sir Sebastian John Lechmere Roberts, (7 January 1954 – 9 March 2023) was a senior British Army officer who served as the Senior Army Representative at the Royal College of Defence Studies.

Military career
Educated at St Philip's School, Ampleforth College and Balliol College, Oxford, Roberts was commissioned into the Irish Guards in 1977. Roberts went on serve as commanding officer of the 1st Battalion of the Irish Guards in London and Northern Ireland. He was appointed Major-General commanding the Household Division and General Officer Commanding London District in 2003. He became the Senior Army Representative at the Royal College of Defence Studies in 2007, and retired in 2010.

Roberts also served as Colonel of the Irish Guards from 2008 to 2011, being succeeded by Prince William on 10 February 2011.

Roberts was the author of Soldiering: The Military Covenant (1998).

Personal life and death
Roberts was married to Elizabeth. He died on 9 March 2023, at the age of 69. He was survived by four children.

title: Sebastian Roberts


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File:Teacher's Pet film poster.jpg

The Teacher's Pet movie poster.

Fair use in Teacher's Pet (2004 film)
Though this image is subject to copyright, its use is covered by the U.S. fair use laws because:
 * 1) It's a low resolution copy of a Film Poster / VHS or DVD Cover.
 * 2) It doesn't limit the copyright owner's rights to sell the film in any way, in fact, it may encourage sales.
 * 3) Because of the low resolution, copies could not be used to make illegal copies of the artwork/image.
 * 4) The image is itself a subject of discussion in the article or used in the infobox thereof.
 * 5) The image  is significant because it was used to promoted a notable film.

title: File:Teacher's Pet film poster.jpg


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Interrupt request

In a computer, an interrupt request (or IRQ) is a hardware signal sent to the processor that temporarily stops a running program and allows a special program, an interrupt handler, to run instead. Hardware interrupts are used to handle events such as receiving data from a modem or network card, key presses, or mouse movements.

Interrupt lines are often identified by an index with the format of IRQ followed by a number. For example, on the Intel 8259 family of programmable interrupt controllers (PICs) there are eight interrupt inputs commonly referred to as IRQ0 through IRQ7. In x86 based computer systems that use two of these PICs, the combined set of lines are referred to as IRQ0 through IRQ15. Technically these lines are named IR0 through IR7, and the lines on the ISA bus to which they were historically attached are named IRQ0 through IRQ15 (although historically as the number of hardware devices increased, the total possible number of interrupts was increased by means of cascading requests, by making one of the IRQ numbers cascade to another set or sets of numbered IRQs, handled by one or more subsequent controllers).

Newer x86 systems integrate an Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller (APIC) that conforms to the Intel APIC Architecture. These APICs support a programming interface for up to 255 physical hardware IRQ lines per APIC, with a typical system implementing support for only around 24 total hardware lines.

During the early years of personal computing, IRQ management was often of user concern. With the introduction of plug and play devices this has been alleviated through automatic configuration.

Overview
When working with personal computer hardware, installing and removing devices, the system relies on interrupt requests. There are default settings that are configured in the system BIOS and recognized by the operating system. These default settings can be altered by advanced users. Modern plug and play technology has not only reduced the need for concern for these settings, but has also virtually eliminated manual configuration.

x86 IRQs
Early PCs using the Intel 8086/8088 processors only had a single PIC, and are therefore limited to eight interrupts. This was expanded to two PICs with the introduction of the 286 based PCs.

Typically, on systems using the Intel 8259 PIC, 16 IRQs are used. IRQs 0 to 7 are managed by one Intel 8259 PIC, and IRQs 8 to 15 by a second Intel 8259 PIC. The first PIC, the master, is the only one that directly signals the CPU. The second PIC, the slave, instead signals to the master on its IRQ 2 line, and the master passes the signal on to the CPU. There are therefore only 15 interrupt request lines available for hardware.

On APIC with IOAPIC systems, typically there are 24 IRQs available, and the extra 8 IRQs are used to route PCI interrupts, avoiding conflict between dynamically configured PCI interrupts and statically configured ISA interrupts. On early APIC systems with only 16 IRQs or with only Intel 8259 interrupt controllers, PCI interrupt lines were routed to the 16 IRQs using a PIR (PCI interrupt routing) table integrated into the BIOS. Operating systems such as Windows 95 OSR2 may use PIR table to process PCI IRQ steering; later, the PIR table has been superseded by ACPI. On APIC with MSI systems, typically there are 224 interrupts available.

The easiest way of viewing this information on Windows is to use Device Manager or System Information (msinfo32.exe). On Linux, IRQ mappings can be viewed by executing  or using the   utility.

Master PIC

 * IRQ 0 – system timer (cannot be changed)
 * IRQ 1 – keyboard on PS/2 port (cannot be changed)
 * IRQ 2 – cascaded signals from IRQs 8–15 (any devices configured to use IRQ 2 will actually be using IRQ 9)
 * IRQ 3 – serial port controller for serial port 2 (shared with serial port 4, if present)
 * IRQ 4 – serial port controller for serial port 1 (shared with serial port 3, if present)
 * IRQ 5 – parallel port 3 or sound card
 * IRQ 6 – floppy disk controller
 * IRQ 7 – parallel port 1 (shared with parallel port 2, if present). It is used for printers or for any parallel port if a printer is not present. It can also be potentially be shared with a secondary sound card with careful management of the port.

Slave PIC

 * IRQ 8 – real-time clock (RTC)
 * IRQ 9 – Advanced Configuration and Power Interface (ACPI) system control interrupt on Intel chipsets. Other chipset manufacturers might use another interrupt for this purpose, or make it available for the use of peripherals (any devices configured to use IRQ 2 will actually be using IRQ 9)
 * IRQ 10 – The Interrupt is left open for the use of peripherals (open interrupt/available, SCSI or NIC)
 * IRQ 11 – The Interrupt is left open for the use of peripherals (open interrupt/available, SCSI or NIC)
 * IRQ 12 – mouse on PS/2 port
 * IRQ 13 – CPU co-processor or integrated floating point unit or inter-processor interrupt (use depends on OS)
 * IRQ 14 – primary ATA channel (ATA interface usually serves hard disk drives and CD drives)
 * IRQ 15 – secondary ATA channel

Conflicts
In early IBM-compatible personal computers, an IRQ conflict is a once common hardware error, received when two devices were trying to use the same interrupt request (or IRQ) to signal an interrupt to the Programmable Interrupt Controller (PIC). The PIC expects interrupt requests from only one device per line, thus more than one device sending IRQ signals along the same line will generally cause an IRQ conflict that can freeze a computer.

For example, if a modem expansion card is added into a system and assigned to IRQ4, which is traditionally assigned to the serial port 1, it will likely cause an IRQ conflict. Initially, IRQ 7 was a common choice for the use of a sound card, but later IRQ 5 was used when it was found that IRQ 7 would interfere with the printer port (LPT1). The serial ports are frequently disabled to free an IRQ line for another device. IRQ 2/9 is the traditional interrupt line for an MPU-401 MIDI port, but this conflicts with the ACPI system control interrupt (SCI is hardwired to IRQ9 on Intel chipsets); this means ISA MPU-401 cards with a hardwired IRQ 2/9, and MPU-401 device drivers with a hardcoded IRQ 2/9, cannot be used in interrupt-driven mode on a system with ACPI enabled.

In some conditions, two ISA devices could share the same IRQ as long as they were not used simultaneously. To solve this problem, the later PCI bus allows for IRQ sharing. PCI Express does not have physical interrupt lines, and uses Message Signaled Interrupts (MSI) to the operating systems if available.

title: Interrupt request


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Little Driffield

Little Driffield is a small village in the civil parish of Driffield, in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England. It is situated on the western outskirts of Great Driffield, to the west of the A614 road and south of the A166 road.

History
The village once had a large pond and green. The pond was reduced to about half its size when Brendan Green was built in the 1960s. The majority of the green is now walled in and privately owned, belonging to one of the most prominent houses in the village – Springfield House, (now Church House) which lost its iron railings, together with those from the churchyard, to help the war effort. A chapel built in 1878 was demolished recently and replaced by a house. The village school was demolished about 40 years ago.

Horsefair Lane was for many years the home and factory of clothing manufacturers, Dewhirst's. The factory later became Arcadia Clothing which closed some years ago. The site is now occupied by an industrial unit and 6 new houses. The last horse fair was held in 1918.

The A166 previously ran through the village until the construction of the town bypass (part of the A614), about 1982. Through traffic runs to the nearby Kelleythorpe Industrial Estate about half a mile south.

Little Driffield was formerly a township and chapelry in the parish of Driffield, in 1866 Little Driffield became a civil parish, on 25 March 1885 the parish was abolished to form "Emswell with Little Driffield", part also went to Great Driffield. In 1881 the parish had a population of 218.

Landmarks
The Church of St Mary was designated a Grade II* listed building in 1985 and is now recorded in the National Heritage List for England, maintained by Historic England. King Aldfrith of Northumbria (685 – 705) is supposedly buried in the church. However, no evidence of this was found when the nave and chancel were rebuilt and the floor excavated in 1807 (the 14th-century tower remained untouched). The church was restored in the 1890s by architect Temple Moor.

The village previously contained two public houses: The Rose & Crown and The Downe Arms, (named after the lady of the manor). The Downe Arms became a restaurant and is now a private house. The Rose and Crown remains in use.

Elmswell Beck runs through the southern edge of the village and joins with Little Driffield Beck (from the pond). These are tributaries of the River Hull.

Housing
New housing has been built since the 1990s, particularly Londsborough Court, which was a milk tanker storage yard and before that an abattoir which adjoined Brendan Green, previously the site of a tannery. There were two tanneries in the village in the 19th and early 20th centuries. Another development from the 1990s comprises nine homes on Church Walk. Six new houses were built in 2006 on Horsefair Lane.

title: Little Driffield


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Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Deletion sorting/Norway

 * 1) REDIRECTWikipedia talk:WikiProject Deletion sorting


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Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Deletion sorting/Organisms

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User talk:Jerzy/User2 plus

Like Template:User1 plus this is an enhanced version of Template:User; this one handles usernames like "Jimbo Wales" that have a space in the middle. See Template talk:User1 plus.

generates "" (Where U is for "User", t is for "talk", and Hx is for "[Page] history". --Jerzy•t 01:31, 2005 August 25 (UTC)

title: User talk:Jerzy/User2 plus


text: User talk:82.44.205.248

title: User talk:82.44.205.248


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Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Deletion sorting/Politicians

 * 1) REDIRECTWikipedia talk:WikiProject Deletion sorting

Proposed pause on AfDs for Candidates
As we approach the 2018 elections in the United States, I suggest that we consider ending all discussions about an unelected candidate for elected office in the United States as procedural keep in the month prior to the election (in 2018 from October 6, 2018 to November 6, 2018) and we have similar pauses in the month before elections in other countries. (Note, this would not stop WP:BLPPROD or WP:SPEEDY deletions).

My reasoning is that as we approach the election, there are often arguments made to wait until the election to determine whether the candidate is successful (especially in areas where it is likely that a candidate from a particular party will win). In addition, there are often more supporters close to an election who care about keeping their candidate's page as a campaign tool. By procedurally keeping articles and then renominating them after the election, we can have a better sense of who is and who is not notable, outside of the intensity of a political campaign.

We can keep a running list of nominated (or potentially nominated) articles about unelected candidates to bring back for deletion in November.

Thoughts? --Enos733 (talk) 17:13, 13 August 2018 (UTC)


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Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Deletion sorting/Politics

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text: Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Deletion sorting/Religion


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Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Deletion sorting/Russia

 * See also: Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Deletion sorting

August coup requested move
Talk:1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt. Not a deletion, but perhaps people who are watching this page would like to weigh in. -- Y not? 15:31, 20 August 2013 (UTC)

Category:Kontinental Hockey League first round draft picks nominated for deletion

 * Category:Kontinental Hockey League first round draft picks – This category has been nominated for deletion. Dolovis (talk) 04:39, 10 September 2013 (UTC)


text: Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Deletion sorting/Science


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Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Deletion sorting/Science fiction and fantasy

 * 1) REDIRECTWikipedia talk:WikiProject Deletion sorting

Move discussion in progress
There is a move discussion in progress on Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Deletion sorting which affects this page. Please participate on that page and not in this talk page section. Thank you. —RMCD bot 02:01, 22 September 2019 (UTC)


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Untitled Musical Project, An

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete. Joyous (talk) 01:12, September 1, 2005 (UTC)

Untitled Musical Project, An
Non-notable band. Thunderbrand 01:33, August 25, 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete. Thunderbrand 01:33, August 25, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete; nn band vanity. Jaxl | talk 01:43, 25 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete as per nom. Alf 03:22, 25 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Deleted Wikipedia Article, An — mendel ☎ 21:00, August 25, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete - Not notable - Tεx  τ  urε  20:57, 29 August 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.