text:
Furong

Furong (unless otherwise noted, ) may refer to:

Locations

 * Districts
 * Furong District, Changsha, Hunan

 * Towns
 * Furong, Yongshun County, Hunan, renamed following the film Hibiscus Town
 * Furong, Jiangxi, subdivision of Wan'an County, Jiangxi
 * Furong, Fuxin (富荣镇), subdivision of Fuxin Mongol Autonomous County, Liaoning
 * Furong, Pingshan (富荣镇), subdivision of Pingshan County, Sichuan
 * Furong, Zhejiang, subdivision of Yueqing, Zhejiang

 * Other places
 * Furong Mountain, a mountain in Ningxiang, Hunan, China
 * Furong River, a tributary of the Wu River in Southwest China
 * Furong Cave, in Wulong District, Chongqing
 * Furong, the Chinese name of Seremban, Malaysia

Other uses

 * Furong dan, or Egg foo young, an omelette dish found in UK and American Chinese cuisine
 * Sister Furong (born 1977), nickname of Shi Hengxia, a woman who received worldwide notoriety in 2005 for her postings on the Internet
 * Furong Daokai (1043–1118), Chinese Zen Buddhist monk
 * Hibiscus Town, 1986 Chinese film directed by Xie Jin

title: Furong


text:
Talk:1938 New England hurricane

Terminology
Note that this event is never to my knowledge called the "Long Island Express" outside of New York. In Rhode Island and Connecticut, it is always the "1938 Hurricane" or "Hurricane of '38" or some such terminology. "Great Hurricane" seems to be a term used only in newspapers and encyclopedia articles. Zigamorph 03:32, 2 September 2005 (UTC).

 * Well, I had never heard of this terminology other than that this hurricane has always been "The Great New England Hurricane." I was 7 years old when it hit the New York State area where I lived.  I watched through the back window of our house as the rain belted down and the trees blew.  What worried me was that the apples on our 3 apple trees might blow away in the wind.  (They hung on there OK)  So today, living here in Texas, we came through hurricane RITA just fine and hope that that rascally storm does not come back on south again into the Gulf of Mexico to bite at us once more.  It is said that this might happen. 69.44.61.48 23:15, 24 September 2005 (UTC)

 * For consistency with other Wikipedia names it should just be the 1938 New England Hurricane (or maybe New England Hurricane of 1938; this should be discussed with other hurricane people). The other names should of course also be mentioned in the article - which I have now done.  However the article should probably be moved to match the name.  Jdorje 22:45, 4 October 2005 (UTC)

 * There didn't appear to be any disputes about the moving of this page, so I just went ahead and moved it. —Cleared as filed. 22:25, 2 November 2005 (UTC)

Todo
Decent content for a storm this old. Still, more impact is needed, particularly more specific data about places that were damaged. Also a better intro, fix some wording, etc. Jdorje 04:48, 15 January 2006 (UTC)

Given how much is unsourced, and that aftermath is lacking, I've downgraded it to C-class. ♬♩ Hurricanehink ( talk ) 18:09, 23 June 2008 (UTC)

5 vs. 3
To my knowledge no recorded Hurricane 5 has ever ever hit the northeast U.S. (although inevitable). This storm was a 3 but was devastating because it hit at high tide. --Americasroof 05:22, 7 June 2006 (UTC)
 * It was a category 5 over water, and the infobox denotes its maximum intensity. This may be the source of your confusion. -Runningonbrains 00:16, 29 August 2006 (UTC)

$306 million 1938 USD = ?? 2005 USD
Where does that 6 billion 2004 dollar figure come from? Because this site disagrees. And is there a way to get 2005, assuming the link here is incorrect?

 * Straight from NHC. NHC says $5.971 billion, which was rounded to 6. Hurricanehink ( talk ) 13:43, 3 October 2006 (UTC)

Providence flooded
The fact that downtown Providence was flooded by water surging up the Providence River is an important fact that should be included.--Caleb Murdock (talk) 21:49, 16 June 2008 (UTC)

Text / Map discrepancy
The text says that the hurricane made landfall as a category 3, but the map says it was only a tropical storm (ie, triangles rather than circles). Which is right? -- Ch'marr (talk) 20:30, 1 September 2008 (UTC)
 * Trianges simply mean the storm was extratropical. The colors still apply, regardless of shape. –Juliancolton Tropical Cyclone  20:36, 1 September 2008 (UTC)

Forecasters blew it
This neglects that the US Weather Bureau blew the forecast, saying it was way off the coast, EXCEPT one young USWB forecaster correctly predicted the storm's path but his superiors ignored him. — Rlevse • Talk  • 19:11, 28 August 2009 (UTC)
 * I imagine this article still lacks quite a bit of information, but that seems a particularly interesting fact. Are there any online sources I could use to back that up? – Juliancolton  | Talk 19:21, 28 August 2009 (UTC)
 * Haven't looked but a TV documentary on History Channel made a big deal of it. It was broadcast this am. — Rlevse • Talk  • 01:02, 29 August 2009 (UTC)
 * Ah yes, I saw that this morning as well. I've also seen it in the past. Mitch 32(Want help? See here!) 01:06, 29 August 2009 (UTC)
 * Found it [http://books.google.com/books?

The PBS program American Experience is doing a show on the 1938 hurricane. It should be broadcast sometime during the week of May 17, 2010 and their web site has a lot of background information. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/films/hurricane/Talltomp (talk) 06:29, 18 May 2010 (UTC) id=CzMfTLESpcUC&pg=PA26&dq=1938+hurricane+young+forecaster&ei=loGYSrj7B4ayzgSo3PDRDg#v=onepage&q=1938%20hurricane%20young%20forecaster&f=false here]. I'll work on adding this to the article. – Juliancolton  | Talk 01:17, 29 August 2009 (UTC)

Dead link
During several automated bot runs the following external link was found to be unavailable. Please check if the link is in fact down and fix or remove it in that case!

 * http://www.workingwaterfront.com/review.asp?storyID=20060436
 * In 1938 New England hurricane on 2011-05-25 03:13:00, 404 Not Found
 * In 1938 New England hurricane on 2011-06-04 15:55:30, 404 Not Found

--JeffGBot (talk) 15:55, 4 June 2011 (UTC)

Dead link 2
During several automated bot runs the following external link was found to be unavailable. Please check if the link is in fact down and fix or remove it in that case!

 * http://www.erh.noaa.gov/box/hurricane1938.htm
 * In 1938 New England hurricane on 2011-05-25 03:13:00, 404 Not Found
 * In 1938 New England hurricane on 2011-06-04 15:55:40, 404 Not Found

--JeffGBot (talk) 15:56, 4 June 2011 (UTC)

Dead link 3
During several automated bot runs the following external link was found to be unavailable. Please check if the link is in fact down and fix or remove it in that case!

 * http://www.faculty.fairfield.edu/biology/sigxi/2005/Coch%20Abstract.doc}}
 * In 1938 New England hurricane on 2011-05-25 03:13:00, 404 Not Found
 * In 1938 New England hurricane on 2011-06-04 15:55:54, 404 Not Found

--JeffGBot (talk) 15:56, 4 June 2011 (UTC)

Dead link 4
During several automated bot runs the following external link was found to be unavailable. Please check if the link is in fact down and fix or remove it in that case!

 * http://www.americanheritage.com/articles/magazine/ah/2006/4/2006_4_26.shtml
 * In 1893 Cheniere Caminada hurricane on 2011-05-25 02:25:30, 404 Not Found
 * In 1893 Cheniere Caminada hurricane on 2011-06-01 23:49:02, 404 Not Found
 * In 1906 San Francisco earthquake on 2011-06-04 15:05:30, 404 Not Found

--JeffGBot (talk) 15:56, 4 June 2011 (UTC)

Incredible statement
I find the following statement from the page to be non-credible: "The impact of the storm was strong enough to be recorded on seismographs in California and Alaska." Seismographs do not record meteorological phenomenae.

74.60.209.109 (talk) 02:24, 28 August 2011 (UTC)Guest User
 * I do know that the storm was credibly identified on seismographs in nearby NYC, due to its pounding 50-foot waves... those crash hard on the shore. Whether it really registered thousands and thousands of miles away I don't know. Juliancolton (talk) 09:37, 28 August 2011 (UTC)

External links modified
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20101205074823/http://www.americanheritage.com/articles/magazine/ah/2006/4/2006_4_26.shtml to http://www.americanheritage.com/articles/magazine/ah/2006/4/2006_4_26.shtml

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False claim?
The statement "It was only the third hurricane to strike New England since 1635", although sourced, is almost certainly inaccurate. Numerous other hurricanes made landfall during this time period. Hurricane Three of 1858, Hurricane Six of 1869, 1869 Saxby Gale, Hurricane Two of 1879, Hurricane Six of 1888, Hurricane Four of 1893, Hurricane Five of 1894, and Hurricane Two of 1896, to name a few. --Undescribed (talk) 13:40, 11 July 2017 (UTC)
 * I think the sentence originally had "major hurricane" in it, which would make more sense. Not entirely sure though. If it's just hurricanes in general, then it's definitely wrong. ~ Cyclonebiskit (chat) 13:47, 11 July 2017 (UTC)
 * So should "major hurricane" be placed in the sentence then? Or removed entirely? I cannot open the given source for the sentence. --Undescribed (talk) 14:55, 11 July 2017 (UTC)
 * given that we can't access the source to verify either way, it should be removed entirely. ~ Cyclonebiskit (chat) 14:57, 11 July 2017 (UTC)
 * I totally missed this discussion and added the one below. Even if the source stated that it was the third storm it would be wrong given that there would be no references to support that claim.  As others have pointed out, there have been numerous landfalling hurricane's in New England since 1635.  Dbroer (talk) 15:24, 11 July 2017 (UTC)

Storm count since 1635
The lead paragraph states "It was only the third hurricane to strike New England since 1635." There is a reference to back up that claim but I am unable to access it so I don't know how it defines that declaration. It all seems to hinge on the term "strike" but no matter how one does that, it appears that the statement is false. In looking at NOAA's Hurricane Database, it looks like it was the 10th landfalling hurricane since 1858 (their records start in 1842) so by that definition it is false but there are literally dozens more that have affected (or struck) New England since then which would make the "third" claim false even if it is referenced. I would think that NOAA as a source is better than an author of an article in a magazine but like I said, I can't read that source.

If no one has an issue with that, I will delete that claim or at least clarify it. Dbroer (talk) 14:21, 11 July 2017 (UTC)

NOAA information on the New England Hurricane
Recently, I came across this link on weather.gov. Can information from it be used as "official" if it is not covered by the HURDAT? https://www.weather.gov/okx/1938HurricaneHome --JavaHurricane (talk) 16:09, 10 October 2019 (UTC)

User conducting edit war, using copyrighted material
appears to be a sock-puppet of, as both have been conducting a long-standing revert war to copy and paste what appears to be copyright protected material into the Rhode Island section of the article. The alleged citation is unverifiable, as it contains spelling errors. This badly written and incorrectly cited material is reinserted absolutely verbatim in every iteration of the revert war, which has occurred more than a dozen times over the past month. —Dilidor (talk) 18:59, 19 November 2019 (UTC)
 * I saw that and was wondering what was going on. You could request a protection on the page whereby only registered users are allowed to edit. I've seen that that usually drives off the riffraff. Or you just keep reverting - which I've also done. Either works - up to you. Ckruschke (talk) 19:22, 19 November 2019 (UTC)Ckruschke
 * Agree, request a temporary page protection as well as the above request for copyright revdel.-- ☾Loriendrew☽  ☏(ring-ring)  21:28, 19 November 2019 (UTC)
 * ✅ Thanks for suggesting and pointing me in the right direction. Let's hope this resolves the problem. —Dilidor (talk) 16:19, 20 November 2019 (UTC)
 * DOH! I just noticed that this had already been accomplished, apparently in response to my sock-puppet report. Thanks again for the suggestions. —Dilidor (talk) 16:34, 20 November 2019 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:1938 New England hurricane


text:
Deadline-monotonic scheduling

Deadline-monotonic priority assignment is a priority assignment policy used with fixed-priority pre-emptive scheduling.

With deadline-monotonic priority assignment, tasks are assigned priorities according to their deadlines. The task with the shortest deadline is assigned the highest priority. This priority assignment policy is optimal for a set of periodic or sporadic tasks which comply with the following system model:

 * 1) All tasks have deadlines less than or equal to their minimum inter-arrival times (or periods).
 * 2) All tasks have worst-case execution times (WCET) that are less than or equal to their deadlines.
 * 3) All tasks are independent, and so do not block each other's execution (e.g., by accessing mutually exclusive shared resources).
 * 4) No task voluntarily suspends itself.
 * 5) There is some point in time, referred to as a critical instant, where all of the tasks become ready to execute simultaneously.
 * 6) Scheduling overheads (switching from one task to another) are zero.
 * 7) All tasks have zero release jitter (the time from the task arriving to it becoming ready to execute).

If restriction 7 is lifted, then "deadline minus jitter" monotonic priority assignment is optimal.

If restriction 1 is lifted, allowing deadlines greater than periods, then Audsley's optimal priority assignment algorithm may be used to find the optimal priority assignment.

Deadline monotonic priority assignment is not optimal for fixed priority non-pre-emptive scheduling.

A fixed priority assignment policy P is referred to as optimal if no task set exists which is schedulable using a different priority assignment policy which is not also schedulable using priority assignment policy P. Or in other words: Deadline-monotonic priority assignment (DMPA) policy is optimal if any process set, Q, that is schedulable by priority scheme W, is also schedulable by DMPA

title: Deadline-monotonic scheduling


text:
Expected value of perfect information

In decision theory, the expected value of perfect information (EVPI) is the price that one would be willing to pay in order to gain access to perfect information. A common discipline that uses the EVPI concept is health economics. In that context and when looking at a decision of whether to adopt a new treatment technology, there is always some degree of uncertainty surrounding the decision, because there is always a chance that the decision turns out to be wrong. The expected value of perfect information analysis tries to measure the expected cost of that uncertainty, which “can be interpreted as the expected value of perfect information (EVPI), since perfect information can eliminate the possibility of making the wrong decision” at least from a theoretical perspective.

Equation
The problem is modeled with a payoff matrix Rij in which the row index i describes a choice that must be made by the player, while the column index j describes a random variable that the player does not yet have knowledge of, that has probability pj of being in state j. If the player is to choose i without knowing the value of j, the best choice is the one that maximizes the expected monetary value:
 * $$ \mbox{EMV} = \max_i \sum_j p_j R_{ij} $$

where
 * $$ \sum_j p_j R_{ij}$$

is the expected payoff for action i i.e. the expectation value, and
 * $$ \mbox{EMV} = \max_i $$

is choosing the maximum of these expectations for all available actions. On the other hand, with perfect knowledge of j, the player may choose a value of i that optimizes the expectation for that specific j. Therefore, the expected value given perfect information is
 * $$ \mbox{EV}|\mbox{PI} = \sum_j p_j (\max_i R_{ij}), $$

where $$p_j$$ is the probability that the system is in state j, and $$R_{ij}$$ is the pay-off if one follows action i while the system is in state j. Here, $$(\max_i R_{ij}) $$ indicates the best choice of action i for each state j.

The expected value of perfect information is the difference between these two quantities,
 * $$ \mbox{EVPI} = \mbox{EV}|\mbox{PI} - \mbox{EMV}. $$

This difference describes, in expectation, how much larger a value the player can hope to obtain by knowing j and picking the best i for that j, as compared to picking a value of i before j is known. Since EV|PI is necessarily greater than or equal to EMV, EVPI is always non-negative.

EVPI provides a criterion by which to judge ordinary imperfectly informed forecasters. EVPI can be used to reject costly proposals: if one is offered knowledge for a price larger than EVPI, it would be better to refuse the offer. However, it is less helpful when deciding whether to accept a forecasting offer, because one needs to know the quality of the information one is acquiring.

Example
Setup:

Suppose you were going to make an investment into only one of three investment vehicles: stock, mutual fund, or certificate of deposit (CD). Further suppose, that the market has a 50% chance of increasing, a 30% chance of staying even, and a 20% chance of decreasing. If the market increases the stock investment will earn $1500 and the mutual fund will earn $900. If the market stays even the stock investment will earn $300 and the mutual fund will earn $600. If the market decreases the stock investment will lose $800 and the mutual fund will lose $200. The certificate of deposit will earn $500 independent of the market's fluctuation.

Question:

What is the expected value of perfect information?

Solution:

Here the payoff matrix is:

 * $$R = \begin{bmatrix} 1500 & 300 & -800 \\ 900 & 600 & -200 \\ 500 & 500 & 500 \end{bmatrix}$$

The probability vector is:

 * $$p = \begin{bmatrix} 0.5 \\ 0.3 \\ 0.2 \end{bmatrix}$$

Expectation for each vehicle ($$Rp$$):

 * $$ \mbox{Exp}_\text{stock} = 0.5 \times1500 + 0.3\times300 + 0.2\times(-800) = 680$$
 * $$ \mbox{Exp}_\text{mutual fund} = 0.5\times900 + 0.3\times600 + 0.2\times(-200) = 590$$
 * $$ \mbox{Exp}_\text{certificate of deposit} = 0.5\times500 + 0.3\times500 + 0.2\times500 = 500$$

The maximum of these expectations is the stock vehicle. Not knowing which direction the market will go (only knowing the probability of the directions), we expect to make the most money with the stock vehicle.

Thus,

 * $$\mbox{EMV} = 680$$

On the other hand, consider if we did know ahead of time which way the market would turn. Given the knowledge of the direction of the market we would (potentially) make a different investment vehicle decision.

Expectation for maximizing profit given the state of the market:

 * $$ \mbox{EV}|\mbox{PI} = 0.5\times1500 + 0.3\times600 + 0.2\times500 = 1030$$

That is, given each market direction, we choose the investment vehicle that maximizes the profit.

Hence,

 * $$ \mbox{EVPI} = \mbox{EV}|\mbox{PI} - \mbox{EMV} = 1030 - 680 = 350. $$

Conclusion:

Knowing the direction the market will go (i.e. having perfect information) is worth $350.

Discussion:

If someone was selling information that guaranteed the accurate prediction of the future market direction, we would want to purchase this information only if the price was less than $350. If the price was greater than $350 we would not purchase the information, if the price was less than $350 we would purchase the information. If the price was exactly $350, then our decision is futile.

Suppose the price for the information was $349.99 and we purchased it. Then we would expect to make 1030 - 349.99 = 680.01 > 680. Therefore, by purchasing the information we were able to make $0.01 more than if we didn't purchase the information.

Suppose the price for the information was $350.01 and we purchased it. Then we would expect to make 1030 - 350.01 = 679.99 < 680. Therefore, by purchasing the information we lost $0.01 when compared to not having purchased the information.

Suppose the price for the information was $350.00 and we purchased it. Then we would expect to make 1030 - 350.00 = 680.00 = 680. Therefore, by purchasing the information we did not gain nor lose any money by deciding to purchase this information when compared to not purchasing the information.

Note: As a practical example, there is a cost to using money to purchase items (time value of money), which must be considered as well.

title: Expected value of perfect information


text: File:Meet Joe Black- 1998.jpg

title: File:Meet Joe Black- 1998.jpg


text:
Günter Faltin

Günter Faltin (born 25 November 1944) is a German economist and entrepreneur.

Early life and education
Gunter Faltin was born on 25 November 1944 in Bamberg, Germany. He graduated with a Dr. rer.soc. from the University of Konstanz in 1972.

Academia
In 1977 he became Professor of Economics at the Free University of Berlin, where he established the entrepreneurship department. Since 2013 he has been teaching as visiting professor at Chiang Mai University.

He was appointed for several years visiting professor to Asia by the German Academic Exchange Service. He gave lectures and workshops on entrepreneurship in many countries, among them the US, Canada, Mexico, Brazil, Russia, Georgia, South Korea, and Japan. From 1984 to 1988 he was deputy president of the German Society for Education, Invention and Innovation,(DABEI ) Berlin Section.

In 1999 he founded the Entrepreneurship Lab at Free University of Berlin, which was adopted by Volkswagen's "Innovationscampus Wolfsburg" in 2000. From 2000 - 2003 he served as an expert for the project "Entrepreneurship in Education and Training in Russia and Ukraine", he conducted a series of workshops for the European Union's European Training Foundation in St. Petersburg and Kiev from 2000 to 2003. In 2010 he followed an invitation of the government of Bhutan for a keynote to the conference on “High Tech and Entrepreneurship".

Business
In 1985, he founded the Projektwerkstatt GmbH, based on the "Teekampagne" ("tea campaign"). The "Teekampagne" is the world's largest importer of Darjeeling leaf tea, according to the Tea Board of India. In 1992 Faltin launched and sponsored the reforestation project S.E.R.V.E. ("Save the Environment & Regenerate Vital Employment"); the WWF is taking charge of the project on location in Darjeeling, India. Faltin is business angel and coach of startup companies such as eBuero AG (2001), RatioDrink AG (2006), and Waschkampagne.

In 2001 he established the Stiftung Entrepreneurship, a foundation aimed at furthering entrepreneurship and hosting the yearly "Entrepreneurship Summit".

Teachings
Central to Faltin's teachings is that entrepreneurship today is available to everybody, not just for those with capital and patents. He dissociates clearly entrepreneurship from business administration. In a postindustrial society a well thought out entrepreneurial design is more decisive for the success of a start-up company than having much capital.

Recognition
Faltin has earned the following awards and honours:
 * 1997: Award by Price-Babson-Foundation, Boston, "For Bringing Entrepreneurial Vitality to Academe"
 * 2007: Vision Award for Entrepreneurship
 * 2009: Deutscher Gründerpreis: Special Award for "Teekampagne"
 * 2010: Cross of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany, for his pioneer work on entrepreneurship in Germany
 * 2018: Dr. h. c. of the State University of Tiflis

Publications
In his best-selling book Brain Versus Capital (English translation 2013, original title Kopf schlägt Kapital), he proposes a radically new approach to generating entrepreneurial ventures with an emphasis on ecologically and culturally sensitive issues.

 * Bildung und Einkommenserzielung: Das Defizit: Unternehmerische Qualifikationen. In: Axt/Karcher/Schleich: Ausbildungs-oder Beschäftigungskrise in der Dritten Welt? Frankfurt o. M. (1987)
 * The University and Entrepreneurship In: Education in Transition. Wiesbaden (1992)
 * Reichtum von unten, (G. Faltin und J. Zimmer, Berlin 2. Ed 1996). Greek Ed. 2004
 * Das Netz weiter werfen - Für eine neue Kultur unternehmerischen Handelns In: Faltin/Ripsas/Zimmer (Ed.) "Entrepreneurship. Wie aus Ideen Unternehmen werden". Munich (1998)
 * Competencies for Innovative Entrepreneurship, In Adult Learning and the Future of Work, Unesco Institute for Education, Hamburg,(1999)
 * Creating a Culture of Innovative Entrepreneurship In: Journal of International Business and Economy, Vol. 2, No. 1, (2001)
 * Für eine Kultur des Unternehmerischen – Entrepreneurship als Qualifikation der Zukunft In: Leistung – Lust & Last Bucher/Lauermann/Walcher (Ed..). Vienna (2005)
 * Erfolgreich gründen. Der Unternehmer als Künstler und Komponist. DIHK, Berlin (2007)
 * Kopf schlägt Kapital. Die ganz andere Art, ein Unternehmen zu gründen. Von der Lust, ein Entrepreneur zu sein. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich, 2008
 * Kopf schlägt Kapital. Audio Book (7 compact discs), spoken by Stephan Reimertz, 2009
 * Brain versus Capital Stiftung Entrepreneurship, Berlin, 2013
 * Entrepreneurship als innovativer Prozess – von Anfangsideen, konzept-kreativen Gründern und der Entrepreneurial Society In: Peter Drucker - der Mann, der das Management geprägt hat: Erinnerungen und Ausblick zum 100. Geburtstag; Hermann Doppler, Markus Eurich, Günter Faltin, et al., Winfried W. Weber (Herausgeber); Sordon Verlag, 2009
 * Wir sind das Kapital. Erkenne den Entrepreneur in dir. Aufbruch in eine intelligente Ökonomie. (ISBN 9783867744195) Murmann Verlag, Hamburg, 2015
 * Handbuch Entrepreneurship. Springer Gabler, Wiesbaden 2018. ISBN 978-3-658-04993-5

title: Günter Faltin


text:
Lou Silverstone

Louis Donald Silverstone (May 17, 1924 – March 9, 2015 ) was a comedy writer who was one of "The Usual Gang of Idiots" at MAD Magazine from 1962 to 1990.

At MAD, he was primarily, though by no means exclusively, a writer of television and movie parodies. His first-ever contribution was "Bananaz," a parody of Bonanza. It was not until 1968 that he began contributing other kinds of articles, many of which were otherwise related to television and movies. In all, Silverstone had more than 180 bylines for Mad. This included conceiving the idea for "Madde," a 24-page insert purporting to be a typical issue of Mad if it had been published in the year 1776. The insert was published during the summer of the Bicentennial and three of its ten articles were written by "scrivener" Silverstone: "Thou Knowest Thou Art in Troubled Waters When...", "The Madde Revolutionary War Primer," and "Ye Madde Hate Book." In 1983 he created "The Book of Mad," which purported to be excerpts from a Mad issue of Biblical times.

Silverstone also wrote for television shows including Candid Camera and the animated Jackson Five cartoon. Following his association at MAD, Silverstone moved to its competitor Cracked, where he served several years as an editor and writer.

Silverstone grew up in Plainfield, New Jersey and attended the University of Illinois. He worked as an accountant for several years before becoming a comedy writer "through sheer determination and relentless persistence." He was married for 61 years.

title: Lou Silverstone


text:
Enrique Pinti

Enrique Pinti (7 October 1939 – 27 March 2022) was an Argentine actor and comedian.

Life
As a humorist, he performed stand-up shows with long monologues on Argentine politics and history, speaking at an extremely fast pace and resorting to a mix of common swearwords and elaborate insults to qualify notorious examples of immorality or corruption. The monologues were interrupted by interspersed musical segments. Though his stance was not impartial or unbiased, Pinti displayed historical knowledge beyond the common traditional themes, so these shows were arguably an alternative source of learning about Argentina's past and present troubles. A number of his productions, such as Salsa Criolla in the early 1990s and later Candombe Nacional, were among the most successful in the Argentine theatre.

Pinti starred in a number of Argentine films, in satirical as well as tragic roles. Some of the most notable were in Carlos Galettini's Juan que reía (1976), Alejandro Doria's Esperando la carroza (1985), Eduardo Mignogna's Flop (1990), Alberto Lecchi's Perdido por perdido (1993), Carlos Saura's Tango (1998), and in María Victoria Menis' Arregui, la noticia del día (2001).

Pinti was hospitalized on 5 March 2022 in Buenos Aires due to complications of diabetes. He died on 27 March 2022 at the age of 82. At the time of his death, he also had depression caused by the COVID-19 pandemic in Argentina.

Theatre

 * Pan y Circo
 * Salsa Criolla
 * Recuerdos del Futuro
 * Circo Romano
 * El infierno del Pinti
 * Pericón.com.ar
 * Candombe nacional
 * Pingo Argentino
 * Hairspray
 * Antes de que me Olvide

Filmography

 * Waiting for the Hearse
 * Sentimental (requiem para un amigo)
 * Tango, no me dejes nunca (1998)
 * La Cara del ángel (1998)
 * Sentimental (requiem para un amigo)
 * Tango, no me dejes nunca (1998)
 * La Cara del ángel (1998)
 * Tango, no me dejes nunca (1998)
 * La Cara del ángel (1998)
 * Tango, no me dejes nunca (1998)
 * La Cara del ángel (1998)
 * Tango, no me dejes nunca (1998)
 * La Cara del ángel (1998)
 * La Cara del ángel (1998)

title: Enrique Pinti


text:
Tennis in Argentina

Tennis in Argentina is regulated by the Asociación Argentina de Tenis (Argentine Tennis Association), which also selects the coaches of the Argentine teams for the Davis Cup and Federation Cup. There are many tennis courts in Argentina, and the sport, even though still considered middle- to upper-class, is practiced by regardless of age.

History
Although British immigrants brought the sport to Argentina, it was not until late in the 1970s that Guillermo Vilas' success made the sport popular, reaching second place in the 1975 ATP ranking. He was internationally recognised and was later included in the International Tennis Hall of Fame. During the 1980s, José Luis Clerc (4th), Alberto Mancini (8th) and Martín Jaite (10th) followed Vilas and kept interest in the sport alive. Argentina won the 1980 World Team Cup beating Italy 3–0, and reached the final of the 1980 Davis Cup, losing to United States 3–1. In the 1990s it was Gabriela Sabatini who best represented Argentine tennis, becoming an international figure on and off the court.

The boom of Argentine tennis players came in the 2000s, when many players became important in the circuit reaching high ranks. Paola Suárez won eight Grand Slam doubles between 2001 and 2005 and was, together with Spaniard Virginia Ruano Pascual, the top women's couple for three years in a row. In 2002, José Acasuso, Guillermo Cañas, Lucas Arnold and Gastón Etlis won again the World Team Cup for Argentina, this time 3–0 against Russia. Five years later, Acasuso, Juan Ignacio Chela, Agustín Calleri and Sebastián Prieto won it again, this time 2–1 against the Czech Republic. David Nalbandian lost in the final of Wimbledon in 2002. The 2004 French Open saw an Argentine final between Gastón Gaudio and Guillermo Coria. The following year's French Open saw Mariano Puerta reach the final.

Another example of the importance of the Argentine presence on the circuit was the August 2005 male rankings that counted five Argentine players among the top 12 (from 8th to 12th) of the ATP ranking, and three in the top ten of the Champions Race (5th, 8th and 9th). The 2005 Tennis Masters Cup, due to a series of last-minute resignations, had 4 Argentine players of the total of 8, with Gaudio reaching semi-finals, and Nalbandian winning the competition against #1 Roger Federer.

In 2009 Juan Martín del Potro became the first Argentinian to win the US Open since Guillermo Vilas did in 1977. Del Potro defeated world number 2 Rafael Nadal in straight sets in semifinals to reach the final and eventually beat world number 1 Roger Federer in five sets. That year Del Potro reached the final of the ATP World Tour Championship. In 2016, the Argentine Copa Davis team were crowned world champions. Juan Martín del Potro, Federico Delbonis, Leonardo Mayer and Guido Pella earned the country their first title in the sport's most important inter-country competition.

Best results at major tournaments
As of the 2020 French Open.

title: Tennis in Argentina


text:
Aerodynamic (instrumental)

"Aerodynamic" is an instrumental track by French duo Daft Punk, featuring a prominent guitar solo. The track was released on 28 March 2001 as the second single from the Discovery album. "Aerodynamic" hit the U.S. dance charts through club play as the B-side to "Digital Love".

Composition
Guy-Manuel de Homem-Christo once described the Discovery album as "A mix between the past and the future, maybe the present." Thomas Bangalter also elaborated in a 2001 interview that "A lot of house music today just uses samples from disco records of the '70s and '80s... While we might have some disco influences, we decided to go further and bring in all the elements of music that we liked as children, whether it's disco, electro, heavy metal, rock, or classical."

This is reflected in the structure of "Aerodynamic", which is said to build up a funk groove, halt for a solo consisting of "metallic, two-hand tapping on electric guitar", combining the two styles, and ending with a separate "spacier" electronic segment. The solo elements were described playfully as "impossible, ridiculous Yngwie guitar arpeggios", which reflect the fast arpeggiation common with violin parts in classical music. Bangalter acknowledged that "Some people might think that the guitar solos on 'Aerodynamic' are in bad taste, but for us, it's all about being true to ourselves and not caring what other people would think. We really tried to include most of the things we liked as kids, and bring that sense of fun to it." He also commented that the end of the track "is completely baroque music, a classical composition we put into synthetic form."

The "Aerodynamic" single contained a B-side remix titled "Aerodynamite". Another remix of "Aerodynamic" features Detroit-based hip-hop group Slum Village. The creation of the Slum Village remix resulted after Slum Village used an uncredited sample of Bangalter's "Extra Dry" in their song "Raise It Up". Instead of asking for compensation for using the sample, Pedro Winter suggested to Daft Punk that they ask Slum Village to remix one of their tracks.

Both "Aerodynamite" and the Slum Village remix were later included on the album Daft Club. The album also contains a longer remix of "Aerodynamic", featuring elements of "One More Time". A live version coupled with "One More Time" is featured on the album Alive 2007.

Music video
The video was released in 2001 and contained scenes that would later form the 2003 anime film Interstella 5555. It shows an army of humanoid troopers sedating the audience with gas, and poisoning and kidnapping the alien band members from the "One More Time" video. The guitarist (later revealed to be named Arpegius) escapes and runs away from the troopers, but one of the troopers shoots him with a tranquilizer dart. The troopers gather the members in pods, and the pods get beamed up to a vessel. The audience wakes up confused and then the vessel flies away.

Legacy
The song was used in the French film L'Auberge espagnole. "Aerodynamic" was also performed by Myleene Klass on piano for a Pantene commercial. and was featured in several episodes of MTV programs Pimp my Ride, Date My Mom, Quiero mis quinces and Next.

"Aerodynamic" was sampled for the Wiley song "Summertime" from his 2008 album See Clear Now. Nicky Romero released a remix of "Aerodynamic" in 2011. The song was also remixed for the 2012 video game Kinect Star Wars.

title: Aerodynamic (instrumental)


text:
Day After Tomorrow (band)

Day After Tomorrow (also known as dat) was a 3-member Japanese pop band under the Avex label.

History
Due to their music being produced by former Every Little Thing member Mitsuru Igarashi, Day After Tomorrow's music took on a decidedly similar feel to that group's music, particularly the more synthpop-based music that Every Little Thing released in their earlier years. As of the release of their best albums in August 2005, Day After Tomorrow had gone on hiatus.

Since the hiatus, Misono had performed as a soloist between 2006 and 2014, after which she quit music, though still performs on television variety programs. Daisuke Suzuki went on to play keyboard for the band Girl Next Door.

Misono's older sister is Koda Kumi.

Day After Tomorrow performed the theme song "More than a Million Miles" for the Japanese release of the movie The Day After Tomorrow.

Members

 * Misono (みその), real name: Misono Kōda (神田美苑) – born October 13, 1984; vocalist and songwriter
 * Masato Kitano (北野正人) (nicknamed Maa-kun) – born October 25, 1974; guitarist and composer
 * Daisuke Suzuki (鈴木大輔) (nicknamed Dai-chan) – born October 27, 1978; keyboardist and composer

Studio albums

 * Day After Tomorrow (August 7, 2002)
 * Day After Tomorrow II (November 20, 2002)
 * Elements (March 26, 2003)
 * Primary Colors (February 18, 2004)
 * Day Alone (March 9, 2005)

Greatest hits

 * Complete Best (Day After Tomorrow album)|Complete Best (August 17, 2005),(September 20, 2006)
 * Single Best (August 17, 2005)
 * Selection Best (September 20, 2006)

Singles

 * Faraway (August 28, 2002)
 * My Faith (December 4, 2002)
 * Futurity (January 22, 2003)
 * Stay in My Heart (April 16, 2003)
 * Day Star (July 24, 2003)
 * Moon Gate (September 3, 2003)
 * Dear Friends / It's My Way (December 17, 2003)
 * 螢火 ／Show Time Hotarubi / Show Time (February 4, 2004)
 * Lost Angel (August 25, 2004)
 * 君と逢えた奇蹟 Kimi to Aeta Kiseki (January 13, 2005)
 * ユリノハナ Yuri no Hana (February 23, 2005)

Videography

 * Faraway (August 7, 2002)
 * My Faith (November 20, 2002)
 * Day Alive: 1st Live Tour 2003 Elements (December 17, 2003),(December 8, 2004)
 * Day Clips (March 10, 2004)
 * More than a Million Miles (June 9, 2004)
 * Lost Angel: Ano hi、Midori ni kimi ga Ite (September 29, 2004)
 * Day Alone: Manohra to Hime-chan (March 24, 2005)

title: Day After Tomorrow (band)


text: User talk:63.239.116.254

title: User talk:63.239.116.254


text:
Noé Pamarot

Noé Elias Pamarot (born 14 April 1979) is a French former professional footballer who played as a central defender. Before moving to Spain, Pamarot played for Portsmouth in the Premier League. He is a right-footed defender who is also known for his great strength. Pamarot has previously played for Martigues, Nice and Tottenham Hotspur and also had a brief loan spell at Portsmouth in the 1999–2000 season.

Tottenham Hotspur
In the 2004–05 season he played 23 times for Tottenham Hotspur before seriously injuring his right knee at the start of April in a match against Birmingham City at St Andrew's. Before that he headed the winning goal away at Everton, one of his two goals for the club, the other coming in the FA Cup against Nottingham Forest.

Portsmouth
Pamarot was transferred from Tottenham to Portsmouth in January 2006 in a £7.5 million deal that also took Sean Davis and Pedro Mendes to Portsmouth. He scored his first Portsmouth goal away against Arsenal in December 2006. Matthew Taylor's free kick was headed on by David Thompson and rebounded off the post into the path of Pamarot. He scored again in the next game, with another header, in a 3–1 home win over Sheffield United. Pamarot subsequently scored a brace of goals against Leeds United in the League Cup in 2007, as well as a 30-yard strike against Newcastle United in the Premier League. He was an unused substitute as Portsmouth won the 2008 FA Cup final. His only contribution to the victorious campaign was playing the full 90 minutes of their fourth round win over Plymouth Argyle.

Pamarot was released by Portsmouth following the expiration of his contract in the summer of 2009.

Hércules
On 28 August 2009, Pamarot signed for the Spanish team Hércules on an initial two-year contract. Pamarot was the undisputed first-choice center-back during his first season with the Valencian, who finished 19th and were immediately relegated back. In mid-July 2011, he signed with another top-division club, Granada CF. Pamarot only played twice for Granada and returned to Hércules to play out the rest of his career in the Segunda División. Pamarot made another 50 appearances for the club before retiring.

Honours
Portsmouth
 * FA Cup: 2007–08

title: Noé Pamarot


text:
Nomothete

Nomothete, from the Greek for "lawgiver," may refer to:

 * A legislator
 * Adam, the namer of animals in the Bible

title: Nomothete


text:
Nevada Irrigation District

Nevada Irrigation District (NID) is an agency in Northern California that supplies water for much of Nevada County and portions of Placer and Yuba Counties. The water is used for irrigation, municipal and domestic purposes. It was established in 1921.

The Nevada Irrigation District owns and operates a system of ten reservoirs, many part of the Yuba-Bear Hydroelectric Project. These include:

 * Bowman Reservoir, 68510 acre.ft
 * Combie Reservoir, 5555 acre.ft
 * Faucherie Reservoir, 3980 acre.ft
 * French Lake Reservoir, 13800 acre.ft
 * Jackson Lake Reservoir, 1130 acre.ft
 * Jackson Meadows Reservoir, 69205 acre.ft
 * Rollins Reservoir, 65988 acre.ft
 * Sawmill Reservoir, 3030 acre.ft
 * Scotts Flat Reservoir, 48547 acre.ft

The district also has seven hydroelectric plants. Unlike many of California's irrigation districts, it is not an electrical utility.

title: Nevada Irrigation District


text:
Talk:Andrew Jaspan

POV
I'ved marked this as POV. Apart from the introduction para, it seems to be focussing on negative aspects of Jaspan. I doubt he has no positive aspects. —Felix the Cassowary 07:45, 2 September 2005 (UTC)

Those negative aspects are not untrue though. Just because not as many pro Jaspan things have been written as anti Jaspan, does that make it POV even if they are all true? Xtra 07:53, 2 September 2005 (UTC)

 * No, but as it currently stands it looks like an attempt to insult Jaspan. I don’t know anything about him other than that he edits The Age, and that some people don’t like him and have insulted him. I come here to find out more about him, and I've found out that he edits The Age, and some editors have done what appears to be a less-subtle form of insulting him. Anyway, normally people aren't downright cruel; they have a background and this can change the light of what they've said and done. This needs to be covered. —Felix the Cassowary 10:16, 2 September 2005 (UTC)

 * I made some changes to address PoV issues. I'd like to take the PoV warning down, unless there are objections.FRS 15:57, 26 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Looks excellent to me. I'll remove the POV tag now, but I won't mind at all if anyone reverts it. Ambi 01:49, 27 October 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Andrew Jaspan


text:
Sport in Argentina

The practice of sports in Argentina is varied due to the population's diverse European origins and the mostly mild climate. Association football is the most popular discipline and other sports played both professionally and recreatively athletics, auto racing, basketball, boxing, cycling, field hockey, fishing, golf, handball, mountaineering, mountain biking, padel tennis, polo, roller hockey, rowing, rugby union, sailing, skiing, swimming, tennis, and volleyball. Argentine achievements can be found in team sports such as association football, basketball, field hockey and rugby union, and individual sports such as boxing, golf, tennis and rowing. Pato, the national sport, is not very popular.

Argentina is one of the most important sport powers in the region, ending at the top of the medal count at the South American Games since 1978, with exceptions in 2002 and 2010. In the all-time medal table of the Pan American Games, Argentina holds first place among South American countries and fourth place in the Americas, behind the United States, Canada and Cuba. Despite a relative lack of success at the Olympic level in more traditional sports like athletics, swimming, and gymnastics, Argentina has had successful participations in other sports like association football, basketball, field hockey, roller hockey, padel tennis, polo and rugby union.

Football

Football is the most popular sport in Argentina and part of the country's culture. The sport is played by children during breaks at school and by grown-ups on the plenty of both indoor and outdoor fields located throughout the country.

The national team has won the FIFA World Cup three times (in 1978, 1986 and 2022), successive Olympic gold medals (in 2004 and 2008), fifteen Copa América, one Confederations Cup and six World Youth Championships. Argentine clubs have won the Copa Libertadores, the top continental competition, a record 25 times and the Intercontinental Cup or FIFA Club World Cup 9 times, a record shared with Brazilian clubs. The Argentine Primera División is the top level domestic competition. The country's most famed football idol is Diego Maradona. The most famous football player from the country playing currently is Lionel Messi.

Argentina's fiercest rival is Brazil and their rivalry is sometimes known as the "Battle of the South Americans". They have played each other numerous times in the Copa América and the Confederations Cup, and their clubs have met several times in the Copa Libertadores finals. Argentina is one of the few national teams in association football that have beaten Brazil on a regular basis. Argentine and Brazilian national youth teams have also met at various tournaments. At the 2008 Summer Olympics, the under-23 teams met in the semi-finals, with Argentina winning 3–0 in a hard-fought game. In addition, the aforementioned Maradona has been often compared with Brazilian iconic player Pelé.

Women's football is far behind in terms of popularity and professionalism. However, the women's national team has competed in the South American Championship since 1995, finishing as runner-up three times before winning the competition in 2006 with a 5–0 victory over Brazil. The national team also played in the 2003 and the 2007 FIFA Women's World Cups, but they finished last in the group on both occasions.

Basketball
Basketball is a very popular sport, mostly in the provinces of Argentina. The Basketball Clubs' Association organizes the Liga Nacional de Básquet, the top-level league in the country. Although the National team won the first FIBA World Championship in 1950, the sport did not gain country-wide popularity until the 2000s, when the national team conquered the Olympic gold medal at the 2004 Summer Olympics and had a good performance in the 2002, 2006, 2010 World Championships finishing on the second, fourth, fifth position respectively. The national team also won the bronze medal at the 2008 Summer Olympics. At the 2019 World Championship, the national team finished second again. The national team has won the FIBA AmeriCup in 2001, 2011 and 2022.

Argentine NBA star Manu Ginóbili also won NBA Championship rings in 2003, 2005, 2007 and 2014 as a member of the San Antonio Spurs, the 2007 victory included his compatriot Fabricio Oberto.

Although women's basketball is not professional in Argentina, the national team participates in most international competitions, reaching their highest point at the 2006 FIBA World Championship for Women where they finished in the 9th place.

Rugby union
Rugby union is a popular and largely amateur sport. However, despite this amateurism, the national team have become one of the most powerful in the sport, finishing third in the 2007 Rugby World Cup and rising as high as third in the World Rugby Rankings (then known as the IRB World Rankings) immediately after. As of 2020, they have defeated every Tier 1 rugby nation. In particular, the Pumas have enjoyed a dominating record in recent years against France, going 7–2 since 2000, with a total points against of 7.

For the first 20 years of the sport's professional era, dating from 1996, most important Argentine players have emigrated to Europe (mainly to England and France). Probably the best known players are 1970s and 1980s star Hugo Porta; Agustín Pichot, Pumas captain during their 2007 World Cup run and now the vice chairman of World Rugby; his successor as captain, Felipe Contepomi; current star utility back Juan Martín Hernández; 1990s star and later Pumas head coach Santiago Phelan; Marcelo Loffreda, who coached the team during their 2007 World Cup run before leaving to take up the coaching post at English club power Leicester Tigers. The current head coach is previously mentioned Felipe Contepomi.

In 2012, Argentina joined New Zealand, Australia and South Africa in the Tri Nations Championship, which then became The Rugby Championship. In 2014, Argentina took their first victory in this competition against Australia in the first round. Argentina further cemented its links with SANZAAR when the country was added to that body's Super Rugby competition, which added teams based in Argentina and Japan in 2016.

Tennis

Tennis has been quite popular among people of all ages since the 1970s and is the 2nd largest sport in Argentina, behind football, after both Guillermo Vilas and later Gabriela Sabatini in the 1980s reached the number 2 position and won several Grand Slams. Even though no Argentine player has thus far reached the first place at the ATP rankings, many Argentines have been among the most important in the circuit. During the 2000s a number of Argentine players were among the top 10 and the 2004 French Open featured an all-Argentine final. Gastón Gaudio won the Roland Garros in 2004. At the 2005 Tennis Masters Cup, David Nalbandian defeated world number 1 Roger Federer and the tournament gathered 4 Argentine players, an all-time record for any nationality. Most recently, Juan Martín del Potro has emerged as one of the leading players in the world, having won the 2009 US Open a few days before his 21st birthday. Argentina has won the World Team Cup four times, in 1980, 2002, 2007 and 2010 and has reached the semifinals of the Davis Cup 7 times in the last 10 years, losing the finals against Russia in 2006 and Spain in 2008 and 2011; the Argentine team also played the final in 1981, where they lost against the United States. The national squad won the 2016 Davis Cup.

Field hockey
The women's national team Las Leonas is one of the world's most successful, with five Olympic medals, two World Cups, a World League and seven Champions Trophy. The national team won the World Cup in 2002 and 2010. At the Olympic Games, it won the silver medal in 2000, 2012 and 2020, as well as bronze in 2004 and 2008. Las Leonas also won the annual Champions Trophy on seven occasions, in 2001, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2012, 2014 and 2016 and the World League 2014-2015. Luciana Aymar is recognized as the best female player in the history of the sport, being the only player to have received the FIH Player of the Year Award eight times.

The men's national team Los Leones won the gold medal at the 2016 Summer Olympics and the bronze medal at the 2014 World Cup and 2008 Champions Trophy. The national squad also won Pan American Games on ten occasions and the 2005, 2007 and 2012 Champions Challenges.

Roller hockey
Roller hockey is mainly played in the Cuyo region (especially in San Juan Province). Argentine players have an international quality, with the men's national team winning six Roller Hockey World Cup titles. The women's national team is the world's most successful team, having won six titles.

Auto racing
From rallying to Formula One, auto racing is a sport followed by a number of fans in Argentina. Formula One legend Juan Manuel Fangio was five times Formula One world champion under four different teams, winning 102 of his 184 international races, and is widely ranked as the greatest driver of all time. Other distinguished racers were Oscar Alfredo Gálvez, Juan Gálvez, José Froilán González, and Carlos Reutemann. Years after Fangio's career was over, Carlos Reutemann was the best known Argentine driver of the 1970s. More recently José María López has emerged as one of the world's top touring car drivers, winning the World Touring Car Championship in 2014, 2015 and 2016. Argentine competitions include the TC 2000 and Turismo Carretera road racing series, as well as Rally Argentina of the World Rally Championship. Argentina has also hosted the 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018 editions of the Dakar Rally. Former events include the defunct Formula One Argentine Grand Prix and World Sportscar Championship's 1000 km Buenos Aires.

Boxing

Pascual Pérez was Argentina's first world boxing champion. There are Argentine boxing legends such as Carlos Monzón, Horacio Accavallo, Santos Laciar, Juan Martín Coggi and Nicolino Locche who held the world champion's title in their categories. Argentine boxers have, as of 2004, earned 24 Olympic medals, including seven gold medals.

Argentine boxer Victor Galindez was the third Latin American to win the world's Light-Heavyweight title (after Puerto Rico's José Torres and Venezuela's Vicente Rondon, WBA-recognized champion during the middle of the 1970s). Galindez died after he was run over by a car during an auto racing competition in which he took part.

In 1994, WBA world Middleweight champion Jorge Castro knocked out John David Jackson in the ninth round to retain his title in Monterrey, Mexico. Since Castro was on the brink of suffering a technical knockout loss when he won the fight, the punch with which he beat Jackson has become known as boxing's version of Diego Maradona's Hand of God goal.

Marcela Acuña is a world champion female boxer, and arguably one of the most popular fighters of the 2000s in Argentina.

Other fighters, such as Oscar Bonavena, Juan Roldán, and Luis Firpo, did not win world championships, but were also popular among boxing fans during their years as professional fighters.

On 17 April 2010, Sergio Martínez outpointed American Kelly Pavlik in Atlantic City to become the lineal Middleweight champion of the world.

Marcos René Maidana has also been champion in 2009, 2010, 2011 and 2012.

Cricket
Cricket has been played in Argentina since 1806, with the international side making its first appearance in 1868, against the Uruguay national team. The sport regained some popularity, due to the national team's participation at the World Cricket League, and the Argentina national women's cricket team at the Women's version of the ICC Americas Championship. Though cricket is a minor sport, Argentina is the strongest team in mainland South America, and are currently playing in division 1777 of the World Cricket League. There is a huge scope of development of the sport in this country, given that there are a large number of British descendants in Argentina. Argentina dominated the South American Cricket Championship.

Golf
Among the best in South America, the first prominent figure of this sport in Argentina was José Jurado. He was the first Argentine to travel to major international championships and is thus often credited as the "Father of Argentine Professional Golf".

Other notable Argentine golfers include Roberto De Vicenzo, Antonio Cerdá, José Cóceres, Eduardo Romero, Ángel Cabrera, Andrés Romero and Ricardo González. De Vicenzo and Cerdá won the 1953 Canada Cup. In history, Argentine golfers won three Majors, Roberto De Vicenzo the British Open in 1967, and Ángel Cabrera the U.S. Open in 2007 and the Augusta Masters in 2009.

Handball
Although handball in Argentina lacks the popularity of this sport on the European continent, both in terms of infrastructure and federated players, the Handball is a firmly growing sport in Argentina with the men's national team regularly qualifying for the World Championship. Argentina has started producing world class talent, such as the brothers Diego and Sebastián Simonet.

The Men's national handball team won the gold medal at the 2011 Pan American Games and at the 2019 Pan American Games and seven Pan American Handball Championships.

Padel tennis
Padel tennis is played by four and a half million amateur players in thirty five thousand courts; it is the most participated sport in Argentina. Professional players compete in National Circuit of tournaments. Argentina won 19 titles at the Padel Tennis World Championship (between women and men).

Polo
Argentina's polo team won their first Olympic gold medal in 1924 and the second gold medal in 1936. Adolfo Cambiaso, Gonzalo Pieres, his brother Facundo, the Novillo Astrada brothers, the Heguy's, and Tommy Iriarte are currently ranked amongst the best polo players in the world. The three most important polo tournaments in the world, the Argentine Open, the Hurlingham Open, and the Tortugas Open are held in Argentina. Historically, Argentina has always been a leading country in this sport, and has been uninterrupted world champions since 1949 and Argentine players comprise most of the world's top ten players. Argentina has won five World Polo Championship.

Sailing
Argentina won 10 Olympic medals in sailing (1 gold, 4 silver, 5 bronze), the Argentinian experience and level in this sport is high, even between young children competing in optimist class boats. Carlos Espínola is the sailor who won most Olympic medals in this sport with four. Santiago Lange won the World Championship on four occasions (1985, 1993, 1995 and 2004) and the gold medal at the 2016 Summer Olympics.

Volleyball
Volleyball has a professional male league. Argentina national volleyball team's best achievements are the bronze medals at the 1988 Summer Olympics, 2020 Summer Olympics and 1982 FIVB Volleyball Men's World Championship. The male team is usually ranked by the FIVB among the top 10 national teams in the world.

The national team also won the gold medal at the Pan American Games in three occasions (1995, 2015 and 2019).

Argentina featured national teams in beach volleyball that competed at the 2018–2020 CSV Beach Volleyball Continental Cup in both the women's and the men's sections.

Water polo
Argentina's women's national under-20 water polo team made its debut at the 2021 FINA Junior Water Polo World Championships.

Olympic Games
Argentina was one of eight founding members of the International Olympic Committee, and first participated in the Olympic Games in 1900 with one single athlete. Argentine Olympic competitors have, from 1900 to 2016, garnered 77 medals (21 gold, 26 silver, 30 bronze); from 1924 to 1952, its athletes had good showings, giving the Argentine delegations global ranks of between 16th and 19th. From 1956 to 2000, however, Argentina did not win any gold medals, a situation that was reversed in 2004, when it acquired two and further so, in 2008, 2012 and 2016.

On 4 July 2013, Buenos Aires was selected as host city for the 2018 Summer Youth Olympics.

International events
Argentina has hosted a wide range of international competitions, among them:
 * Key
 * A: Partially or wholly hosted in Avellaneda
 * B: Partially or wholly hosted in Buenos Aires
 * C: Partially or wholly hosted in Córdoba
 * E: Partially or wholly hosted in Esperanza
 * J: Partially or wholly hosted in Jujuy
 * LP: Partially or wholly hosted in La Plata
 * MP: Partially or wholly hosted in Mar del Plata
 * M: Partially or wholly hosted in Mendoza
 * N: Partially or wholly hosted in Neuquén
 * Q: Partially or wholly hosted in Quilmes
 * R: Partially or wholly hosted in Rosario
 * S: Partially or wholly hosted in Salta
 * SJ: Partially or wholly hosted in San Juan
 * SF: Partially or wholly hosted in Santa Fe
 * TA: Partially or wholly hosted in Tandil
 * TI: Partially or wholly hosted in Tigre
 * TU: Partially or wholly hosted in San Miguel de Tucumán
 * V: Partially or wholly hosted in Villa Ballester

Sports Originating in Argentina
The following sports originated in Argentina:
 * Cestoball
 * Pato
 * Tejo

title: Sport in Argentina


text:
League of Armed Neutrality

League of Armed Neutrality refers to one of two alliances of European naval powers (1780–1783 and 1800–1801), both intended to protect neutral shipping against the Royal Navy's wartime policy of unlimited search of neutral shipping for French contraband. Accounts of the times also refer to these alliances simply as the Armed Neutrality.

 * First League of Armed Neutrality, existed from 1780 to 1783 during the American War of Independence
 * Second League of Armed Neutrality, existed from 1800 to 1801 during the Napoleonic Wars
 * Third League of Armed Neutrality, a proposed but never adopted alliance between Britain and France during the American Civil War

title: League of Armed Neutrality


text:
Talk:French feminism

Forerunners Debate
Is there anything about Colette or George Sand here?

- i think the sentence about de Beauvoir being a forerunner should be replaced with Colette and George Sand as forerunners instead (along with Marguerite Duras who is already listed). de Beauvoir should go into the list of well-known french feminists, as her writings were very much the beginning of french feminism as it is described here, rather than a 'forerunner' of later feminist thought.

 * However, the term "French Feminism" however applies to a historical period as well as an ideological/philosophical movement. The works of Simone de Beauvoir, while sharing some of the views of later French feminist, are not only anachronistic to the period included in the term (Beauvoir wrote much of her feminist literature well before 60's and 70's), but does not share the important of phallocentric languge, which is the center of French feminist literature. I agree that Colette and George Sand should also be listed withe the precursors to French feminism, especially given the importance of Colette to Hélène Cixous's idea of écriture féminine. --chemica 21:45, 15 March 2006 (UTC)

Annie Leclerc
Does anyone know enough about the works of Annie Leclerc to know if she also belongs here? Is there a Wikipedia article on Annie Leclerc? (I should probably just check.)

--chemica 21:44, 15 March 2006 (UTC)

- Chantal Chawaf-

I have seen no reference here to this important french writer, member of the emerging ecriture Feminine at the Editions des Femme- Antoinette Fouque during the 70 s in Paris? This writer had a ongoing evolution, always related to a gender writing.

Redirected
I've boldly redirected this page to feminism. All the info that was on this page is there (bar the lists which actually violate WP:LIST and would have to be removed) plus more. When the section on Feminism gets large enough it can be ported back here and summarized there-- Cailil  talk 22:26, 8 June 2008 (UTC)

title: Talk:French feminism


text:
Aberyscir

Aberyscir (Aberysgir) is a village in the community of Yscir, Powys, Wales, which is 4 mi west of Brecon, 35 mi from Cardiff and 146 mi from London.

title: Aberyscir


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Balseiro Institute

Balseiro Institute (Instituto Balseiro) is an Argentine academic institution that belongs partially to the National University of Cuyo and partially to the National Atomic Energy Commission. It is located in Bariloche, Río Negro province, Argentina. Notable alumni of this institute include Marcela Carena, Juan Maldacena, Juan Ignacio Galvan and Jorge Pullin.

Overview

The Balseiro Institute teaches Physics, Nuclear Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Telecommunications Engineering at undergraduate and graduate levels. The institute admits students who have completed two years of university studies (either in Physics or Engineering) and undergoes a rigorous admission procedure.

Since the creation of the Balseiro Institute to date (April 2013) 963 graduates and engineers, 234 masters, 460 doctorates and 112 specialists graduated from CEATEN (Specialization in Technological Applications of Nuclear Energy) graduated. Most of these professionals achieved a successful job placement.

History
Nuclear research in the province of Rio Negro began as the Huemul Project in the Perón era. Nuclear facilities were organized as the Bariloche Atomic Centre, under the direction of José Antonio Balseiro.

An educational institution was established as the Instituto de Física de Bariloche on April 22, 1955, as a joint project of the National Atomic Energy Commission and the National University of Cuyo; the former administers the Bariloche Atomic Centre, whose work led to the first research reactor in Latin America (1957), as well as the region's first commercial reactor, Atucha I, in 1974. The institute was renamed in 1962 to honor José Antonio Balseiro, who was its first director.

The first graduates were members of the Physics class of 1958. In the 1970s, Balseiro became the only institute in Argentina to grant degrees in nuclear engineering, as the country was stepping up its nuclear program with the incorporation of the Embalse and Atucha II, as well as continued research activity in the Constituyentes and Bariloche reactors.

title: Balseiro Institute


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User talk:ItsNannerpuss

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, please be sure to sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~~~) to produce your name and the current date, or three tildes (~~~) for just your name. If you have any questions, you can post to the help desk or ask me on my talk page. Again, welcome! --Thatdog (Talk)
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title: User talk:ItsNannerpuss


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Health geography

Health geography is the application of geographical information, perspectives, and methods to the study of health, disease, and health care. Medical geography, a sub-discipline of, or sister field of health geography, focuses on understanding spatial patterns of health and disease in relation to the natural and social environment. Conventionally, there are two primary areas of research within medical geography: the first deals with the spatial distribution and determinants of morbidity and mortality, while the second deals with health planning, help-seeking behavior, and the provision of health services.

Medical geography
The first area of study within medical geography has been described as geographical epidemiology or disease geography and is focused on the spatial patterns and processes of health and disease outcomes. This area of inquiry can be differentiated from the closely related discipline of epidemiology in that it uses concepts and methods from geography, allowing an ecologic perspective on health that considers how interactions between humans and the environment result in observed health outcomes. The second area of study focused on the planning and provision of health services, often with a focus on the spatial organization of health systems and exploration of how this arrangement affects accessibility of care.

Health geography
The study of health geography has been influenced by repositioning medical geography within the field of social geography due to a shift towards a social model in health care, rather than a medical model. This advocates for the redefinition of health and health care away from prevention and treatment of illness only to one of promoting well-being in general. Under this model, some previous illnesses (e.g., mental ill health) are recognized as behavior disturbances only, and other types of medicine (e.g., complementary or alternative medicine and traditional medicine) are studied by the medicine researchers, sometimes with the aid of health geographers without medical education. This shift changes the definition of care, no longer limiting it to spaces such as hospitals or doctor's offices. Also, the social model gives priority to the intimate encounters performed at non-traditional spaces of medicine and healthcare as well as to the individuals as health consumers.

This alternative methodological approach means that medical geography is broadened to incorporate philosophies such as Marxian political economy, structuralism, social interactionism, humanism, feminism and queer theory.

History
Relationships between place and health have long been recognized throughout human history, predating modern health delivery systems and providing insights into the transmission of infectious agents, well before the germ theory paradigm shift in the late 1800s. Throughout history, there have been many examples of place and location playing major roles in shaping perceptions of health and risk. The associations between geographical characteristics and health outcomes, which essentially form the foundation of modern medical geography, were recognized more than 2,000 years ago by Hippocrates in his treatise ’’On Airs, Waters, and Places’’ (ca. 400 BC). The industrial revolution in the 1700s brought with it a plethora of novel public health issues stemming from rapid urban development and poor sanitation, conditions which fueled the development of disease mapping, or medical cartography. A precursor to medical geography, medical cartography arose from the need to communicate spatial discrepancies in risk for diseases of unknown cause, particularly urban outbreaks of cholera and yellow fever. One of the most prominent figures in both epidemiology and medical geography is John Snow, the physician who correctly identified the source of exposure during the 1854 Broad Street cholera outbreak. Snow's famous 1854 map of the cholera outbreak graphically demonstrates that cases were clustered around the Broad Street pump, the source of contaminated water that fueled the epidemic. This map led Snow to identify the contaminated pump and conclude that cholera was a waterborne illness, a remarkable feat given that bacteria were unknown to science at the time. While Snow's contributions to medical geography and epidemiology are irrefutable, the role of the map in this particular investigation is somewhat overstated. Dot maps of cases produced during the industrial period were powerful tools in communicating the findings of traditional epidemiological measures of association, but their role as analytic tools were restricted due to technological limitations.

Modern medical geography arose in the United States in the 1950s with the pioneering work of Jacques May, who worked as a surgeon in Thailand and Vietnam and noticed differences between the health experiences of his patients in these locations and in Europe. Although the notion that the environment could influence human health has been understood since Hippocrates, medical geography as envisioned by May built on this idea, describing medical geography as working to understand the nature of the relationships between pathogen transmission and geographical factors. May soon began mapping global distributions of disease and exploring the cultural and environmental factors that influenced these distributions.

Areas of study
Health geography is considered to be divided into two distinct elements. The first of which is focused on geographies of disease and ill health, involving descriptive research quantifying disease frequencies and distributions, and analytic research concerned with finding what characteristics make an individual or population susceptible to disease. This requires an understanding of epidemiology. The second component of health geography is the geography of health care, primarily facility location, accessibility, and utilization. This requires the use of spatial analysis and often borrows from behavioral economics.

Geographies of disease and ill health
Health geographers are concerned with the prevalence of different diseases along a range of spatial scales from a local to global view, and inspects the natural world, in all of its complexity, for correlations between diseases and locations. This situates health geography alongside other geographical sub-disciplines that trace human-environment relations. Health geographers use modern spatial analysis tools to map the dispersion of health, including various diseases, as individuals spread them amongst themselves, and across wider spaces as they migrate. Health geographers also consider all types of spaces as presenting health risks, from natural disasters, to interpersonal violence, stress, and other potential dangers.

Geography of health care provision
Although healthcare is a public good, it is not equally available to all individuals. Demand for public services is continuously increasing. People need advance knowledge and the latest prediction technology, that health geography offers. The latest example of such technology is Telemedicine. Many people in the United States are not able to access proper healthcare because of inequality in health insurance and the means to afford medical care.

Mobility and Disease Tracking: With the advent of mobile technology and its spread, it is now possible to track individual mobility. By correlating the movement of individuals through tracking the devices using access towers or other tracking systems, it is now possible to determine and even control disease spread. While privacy laws question the legality of tracking individuals, the commercial mobile service providers are using covert techniques or obtaining government waivers to allow permission to track people.

Methods
Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are used extensively in medical geography to visualize and analyze georeferenced health-related data. These spatial data can be vector (point, line, or polygon) or raster (continuous grid) format and are often presented in quantitative thematic maps. Disease outcomes and sociodemographic characteristics collected through surveillance systems and population censuses are frequently used as data sources in medical geography studies. In disease ecology studies, interpolated climate data, gridded land surveys, and remote sensing imagery are examples of data used to quantify the environmental characteristics of disease systems. Spatial statistics or analysis are applied to test hypotheses regarding patterns or relationships within these data, such as the property of spatial dependency (spatially closer entities are more similar or related than spatially distant entities) or spatial heterogeneity (locations are unique relative to other locations). Some examples of the spatial analyses used in medical geography include point pattern analysis, tests for spatial autocorrelation, geographically weighted regression (GWR), ecological niche modeling, spatial scan statistics, and network analysis.

Health geographers
Notable health geographers include:

 * Sarah Curtis
 * William C. Gorgas
 * Kelvyn Jones
 * John Snow
 * Mei-Po Kwan
 * Nadine Schuurman

title: Health geography


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User talk:Space monkey

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, please be sure to sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~~~) to produce your name and the current date, or three tildes (~~~) for just your name. If you have any questions, you can post to the help desk or ask me on my talk page. Again, welcome! --MarkSweep✍ 07:50, 2 September 2005 (UTC)
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title: User talk:Space monkey


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Wayne Smith

Wayne Smith may refer to:

Politics

 * Wayne Smith (diplomat) (1932–2024), U.S. diplomat who worked at the U.S. Embassy in Cuba
 * Wayne Smith (Texas politician) (born 1943), member of the Texas House of Representatives
 * Wayne Smith (Australian politician) (born 1952), member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly

Sports

 * Wayne Smith (defensive back) (born 1957), National Football League, full name Wayne Lester Smith
 * Wayne Smith (defensive lineman) (1950–2016), Canadian Football League
 * Wayne Smith (offensive lineman) (born 1979), Canadian football, full name Wayne Anthony Smith
 * Wayne Smith (rugby league) (born 1956), Australian rugby league player
 * Wayne Smith (rugby union) (born 1957), New Zealand rugby coach and former rugby player
 * Wayne Smith (ice hockey) (born 1943), NHL

Other

 * Wayne C. Smith (1901–1964), U.S. Army general
 * Wayne Holloway-Smith, English poet
 * Wayne T. Smith (born c. 1946), chairman and CEO of Community Health Systems
 * Wayne Smith (musician) (1965–2014), Jamaican reggae musician
 * George Wayne Smith (born 1955), bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of Missouri
 * Wayne Smith (statistician), Chief Statistician of Canada, AKA Wayne R. Smith
 * Wayne Smith (missionary) (1934–2004), founder of Friendship Force International

title: Wayne Smith


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User:Zeborah

For the record, I work at Lincoln University, New Zealand and will occasionally make minor copyedits informed by local knowledge (for example on the level of knowing that such-and-such is the canonical persistent url for a document that's already in a page's reference section) but will obviously steer clear of any more conflict-of-interest-ish substantive edits. I like my work, but not that much. :-) --Zeborah (talk) 23:26, 23 September 2014 (UTC)

title: User:Zeborah


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File:DaftPunk OneMoreTime.jpg

Summary
Front cover of the single "One More Time" by Daft Punk.

title: File:DaftPunk OneMoreTime.jpg


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Newton disc

The Newton disc, also known as the disappearing colour disc, is a well-known physics experiment with a rotating disc with segments in different colours (usually Newton's primary colours: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet, commonly known by the abbreviation ROYGBIV) appearing as white (or off-white or grey) when it's spun rapidly about its axis.

This type of mix of light stimuli is called temporal optical mixing, a version of additive-averaging mixing. The concept that human visual perception cannot distinguish details of high-speed movements is popularly known as persistence of vision.

The disc is named after Isaac Newton. Although he published a circular diagram with segments for the primary colours that he had discovered (i.e. a colour wheel), it is unlikely that he ever used a spinning disc to demonstrate the principles of light. He actually referred to the mixture of colours painted on a spinning top as "dirty" and described several different experiments that support his theory.

Transparent variations for magic lantern projection have been produced.

History
Around 165 CE, Ptolemy described in his book Optics a rotating potter's wheel with different colours on it. He noted how the different colours of sectors mixed together into one colour and how dots appeared as circles when the wheel was spinning very fast. When lines are drawn across the axis of the disc they make the whole surface appear to be of a uniform colour. "The visual impression that is created in the first revolution is invariably followed by repeated instances that subsequently produce an identical impression. This also happens in the case of shooting stars, whose light seems distended on account of their speed of motion, all according to the amount of perceptible distance it passes along with the sensible impression that arises in the visual faculty."

Porphyry (c. 243 – c. 305) wrote in his commentary on Ptolemy's Harmonics how the senses are not stable but confused and inaccurate. Certain intervals between repeated impressions are not detected. A white or black spot on a spinning cone (or top) appears as a circle of that colour and a line on the top makes the whole surface appear in that colour. "Because of the swiftness of the movement we receive the impression of the line on every part of the cone as the line moves."

In the 11th century Ibn al-Haytham, who was familiar with Ptolemy's writings, described how coloured lines on a spinning top could not be discerned as different colours but appeared as one new colour composed of all of the colours of the lines. He deducted that sight needs some time to discern a colour. al-Haytam also noted that the top appeared motionless when spun extremely quick "for none of its points remains fixed in the same spot for any perceptible time".

After Ibn al-Haytham, Fakhr al-Din al-Razi (d. 1209) performed the spinning disk experiment, and like his predecessors he concluded that it shows an optical illusion. However, the astronomer-mathematician Nasir al-Din al-Tusi described al-Razi's text and arrived at a very different conclusion. Tusi introduced a common sense organ that forwards colour impressions to the soul. When colours change too fast, this organ can only pass on the mixed colour. One of Tusi's students was Qutb al-Din al-Shirazi (d.1311), and together with his student Kamal al-Din al-Farisi he tried to explain the colours perceived in the experiment.

Newton's primary colours
On 16 February 1672 (6 February 1671 [old style]), Newton sent a paper to the Royal Society's journal Philosophical Transactions, about the experiments he had been conducting since 1666 with the refraction of light through glass prisms. He concluded that the different refracted rays of light – well parted from others – could not be changed by further refraction, nor by reflection or other means, except through mixture with other rays. He thus found the seven primary colours red, orange, yellow, green, blue, "a violet-purple" and indigo. When mixing the coloured rays from a prism, he found that "the most surprising and wonderful composition was that of whiteness" requiring all the primary colours "mixed in a due proportion".

In reaction to Robert Hooke's criticism of the new theory of light, Newton published a letter in the Philosophical Transactions, with other experiments that proved how sunlight existed of rays with different colours. He described how the cogs or teeth of a gyrating wheel behind a prism can block part of the light so that all the colours would be projected successively if the wheel turns rather slow, but how all the colours will be mixed into white light if the wheel turn very fast. He also pointed out that rays of light that were reflected from multi-coloured bodies were weakened by the loss of many rays and that a mixture of those rays would not produce a pure white, but a grey or "dirty" colour. This could be seen in dust, which on close inspection would reveal that it consists of many coloured particles, or when mixing several colours of paint. He also referred to a child's top which would display a "dirty" colour if it was painted in several colours and made to spin fast by whipping it.

After presenting his conclusions about dividing sunlight into primary colours and mixing them back together into white light, Newton presented a colour circle to illustrate the relations between these colours in his book Opticks (1704).

Many modern sources state that Isaac Newton himself used a spinning disc with coloured sectors to demonstrate how white light was actually the compound of the primary colours. However, these do not reference any historical source.

According to Joseph Plateau, the first to describe how a spinning disc with Newton's seven primary colours would show an (imperfect) white colour was Pieter van Musschenbroek in 1762.

title: Newton disc


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Abington, South Lanarkshire

Abington is a village in the Scottish council region of South Lanarkshire, close to the M74 motorway, marking the point where it changes name to the A74(M), following the upgrade of the former A74 road. The West Coast Main Line between Glasgow and London also emerges from the Clyde Valley at this point and begins its ascent up Beattock Summit, alongside the motorway. Abington was at one time served by a station on the railway, but this was closed as a result of the Beeching cuts of the 1960s.

There is a post office in the village, as well the Upper Clyde Parish Church building.

The village gives its name to the Abington services, which lies about 1 mi north and which is served by Stagecoach service X74 (Dumfries-Glasgow).

This also marks the point where the A702 road meets the A74(M)/M74.

Between 1964 and 1991, the village was the location of a Royal Observer Corps monitoring bunker, to be used in the event of a nuclear attack. It remains mostly intact.

title: Abington, South Lanarkshire


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Wooden Stars

Wooden Stars are a Canadian indie rock band formed in 1994. The band, from Ottawa, consists of vocalist and guitarist Julien Beillard, guitarist Michael Feuerstack, bassists Josh Latour and Mathieu Beillard, and drummer Andrew McCormack.

Style
The band, who describe their music as "a fusion of unlikely influences ranging from XTC and The Clash to Georges Brassens and James Blood Ulmer", released four albums between 1995 and 1999.

History
Rise Up & Get Down was released in 1998 on 12" vinyl by Rhythm of Sickness Records. In 1999, the Wooden Stars collaborated with singer-songwriter Julie Doiron on the album Julie Doiron and the Wooden Stars, which won a Juno Award for Best Alternative Album. Following that album, the band members concentrated on other projects, although the group never formally disbanded.

In 2004, they reunited to perform at the 40th birthday party of their longtime producer Dave Draves. In early 2005, the band played several reunion shows in Ottawa, Toronto and Hamilton, and rereleased their old material on Zunior Records. They released People Are Different, their first album in seven years, on Sonic Unyon in 2007.

In addition to the Wooden Stars, various band members have played with, or appeared with a variety of bands in Central Canada. Mike Feuerstack fronts his own band Snailhouse, played with long running Ottawa outfit Kepler, performs with Angela Desveaux, and appears on recent recordings by Bell Orchestre and Islands. Andrew McCormack played in CLARK the band of Ottawa.

In 2013, Invisible Publishing published Wooden Stars: Innocent Gears, a book about the band by author Malcolm Fraser. In 2014, the band appeared on the main stage at the Peterborough Folk Festival.

Discography

 * Wooden Stars (7-inch) (1994)
 * The Very Same (1995)
 * Mardi Gras (1997)
 * Rise Up & Get Down (1998)
 * The Moon (1999)
 * Julie Doiron and the Wooden Stars (1999)
 * People Are Different (2007)

title: Wooden Stars