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User talk:Willydynamite786

This account has been blocked as a possible sockpuppet of Willy on Wheels (see Long term abuse/Willy on Wheels for further information.)

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title: User talk:Willydynamite786


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Jo Leutton

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete. Sjakkalle (Check!)  07:41, 1 September 2005 (UTC)

Jo Leutton
nn musician for Ravene, who is up for VfD. Producing career does not make him notable. Punkmorten 12:09, 25 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of Australia-related deletions.   -- Cyberjunkie | Talk 05:06, 29 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Not notable as yet musician. Capitalistroadster 15:04, 25 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. NN group.  NN musician in that group.  Wikibofh 23:30, August 25, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete--Cyberjunkie | Talk 05:06, 29 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete - Not notable - Tεx  τ  urε  21:02, 29 August 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


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Estaingia bilobata

Estaingia bilobata is a species of trilobite from the lower Cambrian period. Their fossils are found chiefly in Australia.

title: Estaingia bilobata


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User talk:Willydynamite

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title: User talk:Willydynamite


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Nodezilla

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was no consensus, so kept. JYolkowski // talk 21:51, 1 September 2005 (UTC)

Nodezilla
Misleading about being open source; innovative - not established; not linked from elsewhere Duncan Cragg 12:10, 25 August 2005 (UTC)

The network layer is the C++ bit that is not open sourced. I have been in contact with the author of Nodezilla, who seems genuine enough, and tells me that this is, indeed, a one-man, non-commercial effort and that he intends to open the network code once it stabilises. He says he didn't put the Wikipedia entry in himself. However, the reasons for deletion still stand as listed above. Duncan Cragg (edited DuncanCragg 12:37, 29 August 2005 (UTC)) -
 * Delete. Not (yet) notable. --GraemeL (talk) 12:41, 25 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Wikipedia is not a software catalog CDC   (talk)  18:23, 25 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Neutral I rarely (ever?) vote to remove something but I am seriously disturbed about this article since after going to the webpage listed there are inconsistencies that GraemeL has suggested above:
 * The download area does not have a link to the code even though the article says it's 'GPL'
 * The 'sourceforge' link is to a project called Evl (but says Nodezilla as a title).
 * The version of Nodezilla is 0.41 for download, but Evl is 0.6.0-23052005, are they the same or are they not?
 * I don't think it should be deleted *if* it is accurate as there is room enough on Wikipedia for this project to have an article. --ShaunMacPherson 08:45, 29 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Comment I don't think 'room enough' is a reason to keep it, according to Wikipedia guidelines! DuncanCragg 12:37, 29 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep-ish Having said that, I am swayed by the 'keep' comment below and by my inability to find 'non notability' in the Wikipedia guidelines for non-inclusion!! DuncanCragg 08:51, 31 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep I created this article because I was interested in Nodezilla, and the Wikipedia is a great place to collect NPOV information. Since I added a short stub other have come and put more into the article.  If the article is not accurate (it's proprietary rather than open-source) we can fix that.  I think they deserve an article because they claim to offer anonymous file-sharing.  Personally I believe their method is flawed, but we can write about that. I also do not see a problem with Wikipedia containing articles about many pieces of software of varying popularity.  It has been cited before, and I shall cite it again Wiki is not paper.
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


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Glitterhouse Records

Glitterhouse Records is a German independent record label and mail order company based in Beverungen, North Rhine-Westphalia. It was founded in the mid-1980s. From the late 1980s until the mid-1990s it was the European branch of the American label Sub Pop. Since 1997 the annual Orange Blossom Special Festival has been staged behind the Glitterhouse headquarters. Glitterhouse created the subsidiary Glitterbeat Records label (2012) and Stag-O-Lee Mailorder record shop.

The beginning
The fanzine „The Glitterhouse", founded in 1981 by and, laid the foundation for the Glitterhouse Records label. The magazine covered mainly 60s garage and psychedelia, extensions of punk, weirdo folk, and similar genres. After a vacation in Australia, Holstein imported a number of singles from Citadel Records, which were distributed through the company's mail order business. Glitterhouse's dirst own release was a cassette tape featuring German garage bands titled Battle of the Bands. In 1987 the 7"-single "Sound of The Young Soul" by The Hipsters and the compilation LP The Declaration of Fuzz were Glitterhouse's first vinyl records. German artists followed, such as, and. By legal registration as a business in 1984, Glitterhouse Records was transformed from a simple hobby to an enterprise.

1987-1994: Distribution agreements
In 1987 Glitterhouse started European distribution of recordings on American label Sub Pop, of Seattle, Washington. Among other bands, Sub Pop had signed Nirvana and Soundgarden; later on it was named the trigger and forerunner for the success of grunge music. This cooperation provided Glitterhouse increased popularity and a better market position. Green River, Mudhoney, The Walkabouts, Tad, Supersuckers and Seaweed, later on also the Afghan Whigs, The Spinanes, Codeine, Big Chief, Pond and many other Sub Pop groups were marketed through Glitterhouse in Europe. The cooperative transatlantic corporation with Sub Pop lasted seven years, ending in 1995 by mutual agreement.

Parallel to Sub Pop, Glitterhouse also handled European distribution for the American noise rock label Amphetamine Reptile Records, including the bands Helmet, Cows, and God Bullies. Glitterhouse ended the Amphetamine Reptile distribution arrangement when it no longer liked the artistic products.

Simultaneously, Glitterhouse signed other bands directly, including The Real Gone Lovers of Canberra, Australia, in 1988; Monster Magnet; Sylvia Juncosa, Sister Double Happiness; and Bitch Magnet.

1994 and later
Starting in 1994, Glitterhouse shifted away from distributing other record companies' recordings. In addition to alternative rock and various American musicians, Glitterhouse signed many new bands of Scandinavian and English origin. Since then a broad variety of musical styles has been covered by Glitterhouse Records: Glitterhouse Records was the first German indie label autonomously covering all inner-European and non-European export markets with exclusive deals.
 * widescreen-pop (Midnight Choir, The White Birch);
 * indie-electronica (Lilium, Ai Phoenix);
 * avant-garde (David Thomas & Two Pale Boys, Pere Ubu);
 * dark indie folk (Wovenhand, 16 Horsepower, Chris & Carla, The Walkabouts, Dakota Suite, Savoy Grand, Willard Grant Conspiracy);
 * rock (BigBang, The Great Crusades);
 * indie rock (Lampshade, Mount Washington, Seachange);
 * modern singer-songwriters (Scott Matthew, Caroline Keating,, Nive [Nielsen] & The Deer Children, );
 * world music acts (Tamikrest, Lobi Traoré,, Ben Zabo).

Today
Up to the present day, Glitterhouse has released about 750 records. Once a month a mail order catalogue containing approximately is released. Glitterhouse has 10 permanent employees, one apprentice and three interns. Currently the "Glitterhouse Projects GmbH & Co KG", a limited company, comprises as well as its subsidiaries/partners
 * "Glitterhouse Records"
 * "Stag-O-Lee Mailorder" record shop, specializing in esoteric garage Rock’n’Roll, vintage rhythm and blues, etc., as of 2022;
 * "Glitterhouse Mailorder", issuing a monthly mail-order catalogue with approximately 1300 titles;
 * "" annual, as of 2022, outdoor music festival behind the Glitterhouse company office, starting in 1997.

"Glitterhouse is way more than the sum of its parts. We are family."

title: Glitterhouse Records


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Brainwave entrainment

Brainwave entrainment, also referred to as brainwave synchronization or neural entrainment, refers to the observation that brainwaves (large-scale electrical oscillations in the brain) will naturally synchronize to the rhythm of periodic external stimuli, such as flickering lights, speech, music, or tactile stimuli.

As different conscious states can be associated with different dominant brainwave frequencies, it is hypothesized that brainwave entrainment might induce a desired state. Researchers have found, for instance, that acoustic entrainment of delta waves in slow wave sleep had the functional effect of improving memory in healthy subjects.

Neural oscillation
Neural oscillations are rhythmic or repetitive electrochemical activity in the brain and central nervous system. Such oscillations can be characterized by their frequency, amplitude and phase. Neural tissue can generate oscillatory activity driven by mechanisms within individual neurons, as well as by interactions between them. They may also adjust frequency to synchronize with the periodic vibration of external acoustic or visual stimuli.

The activity of neurons generate electric currents; and the synchronous action of neural ensembles in the cerebral cortex, comprising large numbers of neurons, produce macroscopic oscillations. These phenomena can be monitored and graphically documented by an electroencephalogram (EEG). The EEG representations of those oscillations are typically denoted by the term 'brainwaves' in common parlance.

The technique of recording neural electrical activity within the brain from electrochemical readings taken from the scalp originated with the experiments of Richard Caton in 1875, whose findings were developed into EEG by Hans Berger in the late 1920s.

Neural oscillation and cognitive functions
The functional role of neural oscillations is still not fully understood; however they have been shown to correlate with emotional responses, motor control, and a number of cognitive functions including information transfer, perception, and memory. Specifically, neural oscillations, in particular theta activity, are extensively linked to memory function, and coupling between theta and gamma activity is considered to be vital for memory functions, including episodic memory.

Etymology
Entrainment is a term originally derived from complex systems theory. The theory explains the way that two or more independent, autonomous oscillators with differing rhythms or frequencies, when situated in proximity where they can interact for long enough, influence each other mutually, to a degree dependent on coupling force. They then adjust until both oscillate with the same frequency. Examples include the mechanical entrainment or cyclic synchronization of two electric clothes dryers placed in close proximity, and the biological entrainment evident in the synchronized illumination of fireflies.

Entrainment is a concept first identified by the Dutch physicist Christiaan Huygens in 1665 who discovered the phenomenon during an experiment with pendulum clocks: He set them each in motion and found that when he returned the next day, the sway of their pendulums had all synchronized.

Such entrainment occurs because small amounts of energy are transferred between the two systems when they are out of phase in such a way as to produce negative feedback. As they assume a more stable phase relationship, the amount of energy gradually reduces to zero, with systems of greater frequency slowing down, and the other speeding up.

The term 'entrainment' has been used to describe a shared tendency of many physical and biological systems to synchronize their periodicity and rhythm through interaction. This tendency has been identified as specifically pertinent to the study of sound and music generally, and acoustic rhythms specifically. The most familiar examples of neuromotor entrainment to acoustic stimuli is observable in spontaneous foot or finger tapping to the rhythmic beat of a song.

Brainwaves, or neural oscillations, share the fundamental constituents with acoustic and optical waves, including frequency, amplitude and periodicity. Consequently, Huygens' discovery precipitated inquiry into whether or not the synchronous electrical activity of cortical neural ensembles might not only alter in response to external acoustic or optical stimuli but also entrain or synchronize their frequency to that of a specific stimulus.

Brainwave entrainment is a colloquialism for 'neural entrainment', which is a term used to denote the way in which the aggregate frequency of oscillations produced by the synchronous electrical activity in ensembles of cortical neurons can adjust to synchronize with the periodic vibration of external stimuli, such as a sustained acoustic frequency perceived as pitch, a regularly repeating pattern of intermittent sounds, perceived as rhythm, or of a regularly rhythmically intermittent flashing light.

title: Brainwave entrainment


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Aspen Comics

Aspen Comics (Aspen MLT Inc.) is a California entertainment company founded in 2003 by artist Michael Turner. It has locations in Santa Monica and Marina Del Rey. The company is best known for producing comic books and figurines.

History
The company was founded by comic book artist Michael Turner in January 2003. The name "Aspen" comes from the main character in Turner's comic series, Fathom. Aspen Comics released the fantasy adventure Soulfire in 2004, its first ongoing series. 2005 marked the return of Fathom (originally published by Image Comics), with comic artist Koi Turnbull taking over the illustration of the title. Ekos, a collaboration between Turner and Geoff Johns was scheduled to follow shortly after Soulfire, but was still unreleased prior to Turner's death in 2008.

In 2001, Top Cow Productions announced a live-action Fathom feature film and supposedly entered into an agreement with James Cameron's Lightstorm Entertainment to co-produce the film.

Staff

 * Founder – Michael Turner
 * Co-Owner – Peter Steigerwald
 * Co-Owner/President – Frank Mastromauro
 * Vice President/Design and Production – Mark Roslan
 * Vice President/Editor in Chief – Vince Hernandez
 * Marketing and Production Manager – Sara Hasson
 * Office Manager – Megan Shirk

Titles

 * Artifact One
 * Aspen
 * Aspen Swimsuit: Splash
 * Broken Pieces
 * Bubblegun
 * Charismagic
 * Damsels in Excess
 * Dellec
 * Ekos
 * Eternal Soulfire
 * Executive Assistant Assassins
 * Executive Assistant Iris
 * Fathom
 * Fathom Blue
 * Fathom: Kiani
 * Four Points, The
 * Idolized
 * Iron and the Maiden
 * Homecoming
 * Lady Mechanika
 * Legend of the Shadow Clan
 * Lola XOXO
 * Mindfield
 * Oniba: Swords of the Demon
 * Overtaken
 * Psycho Bonkers
 * Portal Bound
 * Santeria: The Goddess Kiss
 * Shrugged
 * Soulfire
 * Trish Out of Water – a side story in the Fathom continuity, with different characters. A five-issue limited series written by Vince Hernandez, drawn by Giuseppe Cafaro, colored by Ruben Curto and Studio Parlapa and lettered by Josh Reed.  Published in 2013–2014.
 * The Zoo Hunters

Collaborations
Aspen MLT has worked together with both DC Comics and Marvel Comics on major cross-company collaborations. The most well-known are DC's Superman: Godfall and Superman/Batman: Supergirl, where creators of Aspen MLT worked together with DC to create art and story for these comics. Following this, both DC and Marvel contracted Michael Turner to produce covers for their series.

Aspen/DC works

 * Flash (covers)
 * Identity Crisis (covers)
 * Supergirl (variant covers – #1–5, interior colors #1–4)
 * Superman: Godfall (covers and interior art)
 * Superman/Batman: Supergirl (covers and interior art – #8–13)
 * Superman/Batman #26 (covers)
 * Teen Titans (variant cover – #1)
 * Justice League of America (covers)

Aspen/Marvel works

 * Black Panther (#23–25 – covers (Turner) and interiors (Turnbull))
 * Civil War (variant covers – #1–7)
 * Incredible Hulk (variant cover – #100)
 * Hulk (variant covers 1, 6 & 7)
 * ''Ms. Marvel (variant cover – #1)
 * Onslaught: Reborn (variant cover – #1)
 * Ultimate Wolverine (promo art, series never completed)
 * Ultimate X-Men (variant cover – #75)
 * Wolverine: Origins (variant cover – #1)
 * Wolverine Wolverine #66 Old Man Logan

Notable creators

 * Talent Caldwell
 * Jason Gorder
 * Siya Oum
 * Micah Gunnell
 * Vince Hernandez
 * Don Ho
 * Geoff Johns
 * J. T. Krul
 * Jeph Loeb
 * A. Mahadeo
 * Frank Mastromauro
 * David Morán
 * Mark Roslan
 * Beth Sotelo
 * Peter Steigerwald
 * Christina Strain
 * Marcus To
 * Koi Turnbull
 * Michael Turner

title: Aspen Comics


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Talk:TCF Bank

"Criticism of TCF Bank"
TCF probably uses a complex single ledger bookkeeping algorithm to maximize fees and keep the customer confused.--DeWitt (talk) 13:29, 3 February 2010 (UTC)

There are certainly some valid grounds on which TCF Bank could be criticized (practices regarding some fees, check cashing, etc.) but the "criticism" by 172.168.99.17 is not encyclopedic but seems based on a frustrated customer experience ("Most TCF ATM machines on the University Of Minnesota campus have crappy visuals..."). Cmadler 12:14, 25 August 2005 (UTC)

TCF Bank is the only major bank (as far as I know) to provide online banking at the same time as they do not have an email-adress. Is this something that could be added to a critisism-section, or would it be considered too unencycliopedic? I'd like feedback before i possibly add it. --Alf 19:03, 16 June 2006 (UTC)

 * It is probably worth a comment, along with TCF's rationale (that email is not adequately secure, that customer verification is impossible). Cmadler 12:59, 19 June 2006 (UTC)

 * TCF is, at best, a mid-sized bank, and hardly qualifies as a major bank. When Dick Kovacevich moved to Norwest from Citi, Norwest was considered a mid-sized bank and had many more branches and larger assets than TCF.

 * I have never seen or heard any bank referred to as "major" in trade or scholarly publications. I think TCF is commonly considered a regional bank, and with the recent growth in Colorado and Arizona, perhaps verging on "superregional." Cmadler 21:06, 12 April 2007 (UTC)

Merge
I have received oppisition to my proposition to merging TCF Bank and TCF Financial Corporation. What I suggest should happen is that all subsidaries should be put into TCF Financial Corporation. Compu ter  Jo  e 17:53, 10 January 2006 (UTC)

Importante
I wish there were some location like in West Palm Beach,Miami or Orlando,I am moving over to West Palm Beach and from all the bank's I have loved TCF bank and it is a shame that it is only in the part of Chicago, Illinois ND places near bye. Ceberrios1983 (talk) 13:00, 4 April 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:TCF Bank


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Harun Najafizada

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was Speedied. --Golbez 18:47, August 25, 2005 (UTC)

Harun Najafizada
nn and Unverifiable-only Googles originate from wiki. Dlyons493 12:15, 25 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete per submitter. Doesn't make sufficient claim to notability. --GraemeL (talk) 12:44, 25 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete per nom. Alf 13:55, 25 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy under A7, no assertion of notability. - ulayiti (talk)  18:25, 25 August 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


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User talk:Highonsnow

Highonsnow - http://www.highonsnow.com

Zapcat
Hi. I just wanted to let you know that I have proposed your article Zapcat for deletion. dryguy 16:08, 27 July 2006 (UTC)

Thank you for experimenting with Wikipedia. Your test worked, and the page that you created has been or soon will be deleted. Please use the sandbox for any other tests you want to do. Take a look at the welcome page if you would like to learn more about contributing to our encyclopedia. NawlinWiki 19:14, 26 January 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:Highonsnow


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James Hingston Tuckey

James Hingston Tuckey (August 1776 – 4 October 1816) was an Irish-born British explorer and a captain in the Royal Navy. Some sources mistakenly refer to him as James Kingston Tuckey.

Tuckey was born at Greenhill, near Mallow, August 1776. He went to sea at an early age, and in 1793 was received into the navy. From the first he saw a good deal of active service, and he was more than once wounded. He was engaged in expeditions to the Red Sea, and in 1802 he helped expand the British colony of New South Wales in Australia as first-lieutenant of the HMS Calcutta (1795). Amongst other services, he made a survey of Port Phillip District. On his return to England he published an Account of the Voyage to establish a Colony at Port Phillip. The Calcutta was captured by the French on a voyage from St. Helena in 1805, and Lieutenant Tuckey suffered an imprisonment of nearly nine years in France, during which time he married Miss Margaret Stuart, a fellow prisoner, and prepared a work on Maritime Geography and Statistics, published after his release.

In 1814 he was promoted to the rank of commander, and in February 1816 he sailed to explore the River Congo in the schooner HMS Congo (1816), accompanied by the stores ship Dorothy. The expedition aimed to find if there was a connection between the Congo and Niger basins of western and central Africa. Tuckey sailed up the river from its mouth but found that the lower river is not navigable due to rapids (later called the Yellala Falls) above Matadi. He only found ruins of the Portuguese colony and moribund Catholic missions. He suggested sending Protestant missionaries to the Congo. He explored the river up to Isangila. Most of the officers and crew died of fever and Tuckey himself died on 14 October 1816, aged 40, in Moanda, on the coast of today's DR Congo. The expedition was a failure but raised interest in the exploration of Africa.

Tuckey was described as tall, and had been handsome, but long and arduous service broke down his constitution, and by thirty he was grey-haired and nearly bald. Further it is described that his countenance was pleasing and pensive; he was gentle and kind in his manners, cheerful in conversation, and indulgent to those under his command.

Named after
A species of flowering plants named Euphorbia tuckeyana is named for him, named by Philip Barker Webb in 1849; they are native to the Cape Verde Islands.

title: James Hingston Tuckey


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Bloodshot Records

Bloodshot Records is an independent record label based in Chicago, Illinois, which specializes in alternative country music.

History
Bloodshot Records was founded in 1994 by Nan Warshaw, Rob Miller, and Eric Babcock, who knew each other from jobs in the music industry and from being active in was then a burgeoning underground country-roots music scene.

Warshaw had been promoting, booking, and managing bands for years and also worked as a publicist for the band Killbilly, which released a record on Flying Fish Records, where Babcock worked. She was well known around Chicago as a punk raconteur. Her reputation was confirmed when Kurt Cobain's diaries were posthumously published in 2002 included this mention: "Call Nan Warshaw" appears on his to-do list.

Miller moved to Chicago in 1991 from Ann Arbor, Michigan where he helped to produce shows for a local promoter and DJed on a local radio station. He met Warshaw in 1993 at Crash Palace (now Delilah's), a local punk bar where Warshaw was a DJ spinning country records on Wednesday nights.

While having drinks at a bar, Warshaw, Miller, and Babcock made a wish-list on a cocktail napkin of unheralded Chicago bands and musicians they loved — who all had a thread of old school country running through their music. That cocktail napkin list became 17 songs from 16 bands recorded for a self-funded first release in 1994 under the Bloodshot Records label titled For A Life of Sin: A Compilation of Insurgent Chicago Country. The album included artists such as The Bottle Rockets, Freakwater, The Handsome Family, and Robbie Fulks, as well as The Sundowners, a country music trio that started in the 1950s. The record was self-distributed and sold on consignment in stores and, selling out its initial pressing of 1,000 copies. The success of the record left funds to do another compilation.

Bloodshot Records was initially run out of Warshaw's apartment in the Lakeview neighborhood of Chicago and later the business moved into her Warshaw's basement. In 1997, singer and Bloodshot Records artist, Kelly Hogan was the first paid employee, working as the label's publicist. In 1999, the label moved to its current location on West Irving Park Road. Both Warshaw and Miller worked supplemental jobs to keep afloat. Miller was a carpenter painting houses and Warshaw was doing publicity work.

Growth of the record label
Following the compilation format of the initial album release, Bloodshot organized record release shows in multiple cities with four or five bands on each night's line-up. The shows drew press coverage for the new label and the bands/artists, which for some was their first recording and opportunity to play multiple-band shows.

A year later, in 1995, the label released their second compilation album Hell Bent: Insurgent Country Volume 2. The album included bands from all over the country, and Bloodshot continued to put on events showcasing the bands involved with the making of the record. Although well received by critics, Bloodshot had very tight financial constraints, and worked under the model of not starting a new project until the prior project had paid for itself. Also challenging was establishing Bloodshot's brand, a mixture of country, punk, and folk that had no precedent. The name of the music genre was a point of contention, with some grouping the unique, hard-to-classify singer-songwriter music under the alternative country and some grouping it under the Americana label.

In 1997, co-founder Babcock left Bloodshot, eventually relocating to Nashville, where he founded Catamount Records. After Babcock left, ownership of Bloodshot was split fifty/fifty between the two other founding partners, Warshaw and Miller.

By 1999, its fifth year in business, Bloodshot had released 60 records. That year, the label released another compilation, Down to the Promised Land, with 40 unreleased track on two CD that included every artist and band on the label.

In 2000, Bloodshot released Ryan Adams' record Heartbreaker, and the popularity of the record created a more stable financial base for the label. allowed Warshaw and Miller to dedicate themselves full-time to running the label, move to a bigger office space in the northwest side of Chicago, and begin to hire employees. The full-time Bloodshot staff eventually grew to six. Singer Kelly Hogan was the first paid employee, working as the label's publicist. The Chicago twang, country, and punk scene, often described as a sort of an anti-Nashville, continued to expand, often led by various projects involving The Mekons' Jon Langford.

In 2014, Bloodshot released their 20th-anniversary album, While No One Was Looking: Toasting 20 Years of Bloodshot Records. The album is a two-CD set with 38 artists that include Andrew Bird, Blitzen Trapper, Superchunk, and Diarrhea Planet covering songs by some of Bloodshot's stable of artists (i.e., Ryan Adams, Old 97's, Cory Branan, and Justin Townes Earle). Bloodshot spent the year celebrating their success at surviving during a period when most independent record labels were going out of business.

In November 2019, Bloodshot celebrated its 25th anniversary by holding a concert/party and issuing another compilation album.

Chicago community and SXSW
Bloodshot had close ties to the Chicago community and particularly to the Hideout, a bar and music venue.

Starting in the mid 1990s, Bloodshot hosted a free barbecue-and-music day-long showcase at both Austin, Texas' SXSW and New York City's CMJ music festivals. The annual SXSW shows have often been anchored by performances by The Waco Brothers.

Sale of Bloodshot
In January 2019, Bloodshot artist, Lydia Loveless, accused Warshaw of attempting to cover up sexual harassment by Warshaw's long-term domestic partner, Mark Panick. Warshaw issued a public apology to Loveless, while also announcing she was stepping away from the label. A month later she announced that she was not just stepping away, but resigning, with Miller to continue the work of running the label with Warshaw still retaining 50% ownership. In mid-July 2020, after an internal audit, Bloodshot Records staff issued a statement further accusing Warshaw of long-term negligence in regard to royalty payments and accounting.

On October 19, 2021, Miller posted a message on the Bloodshot website saying that the office is permanently closed, and said "Regrettably, it is time for this phase of Bloodshot Records to come to an end". Just three days later, on October 22, 2021, Exceleration Music announced that it had purchased Bloodshot from Miller and Warshaw.

With the sale of Bloodshot, Dave Hansen, a principal with Exceleration said "Bloodshot is a vitally important part of American music history, a genre-defining label founded on passion and vision, dedicated to bringing a unique set of artists from its musical orbit to the world." Warshaw said, "This passing of the torch ensures that the legacy of nurturing and celebrating unique indie music will live on."

In early 2023, Bloodshot, under Exceleration, announced that it had signed new contracts with several artists, including three who had previously worked with Bloodshot, and would shortly start releasing new recordings again.

Artists
Some of the early artists who started out on Bloodshot went on to sign with larger major record labels, specifically Old 97's and Ryan Adams. Ryan Adams had one of the label's best-selling albums with the 2000 release Heartbreaker, having sold almost 500,000 copies. Neko Case had a licensing deal with Bloodshot Records in the United States and Mint Records in Canada before she signed with ANTI-.

Under Miller and Warshaw, Bloodshot included a diverse roster of artists, including the late Andre Williams, who wrote "Shake a Tail Feather," faced challenges, and then had a career renaissance making records at Bloodshot. Bloodshot includes bands and projects by several members of The Mekons, including Jon Langford, Sally Timms, and Rico Bell.

 * Al Scorch‡
 * Alejandro Escovedo
 * Andre Williams‡
 * Andrew Bird
 * Banditos‡
 * Barrence Whitfield and the Savages‡
 * Ben Kweller
 * Ben Weaver
 * The Blacks
 * Bobby Bare, Jr.‡
 * The Bottle Rockets‡
 * Charlie Pickett
 * Cordero
 * Cory Branan
 * Danbert Nobacon
 * The Deadstring Brothers‡
 * The Detroit Cobras‡
 * Devil in a Woodpile
 * Dex Romweber‡
 * Dollar Store
 * Eddie Spaghetti‡
 * Exene Cervenka
 * Firewater‡
 * Freakwater‡
 * Gore Gore Girls
 * Graham Parker‡
 * Grievous Angels
 * Ha Ha Tonka‡
 * I'm Not Jim
 * Jason Hawk Harris‡
 * J.C. Brooks & The Uptown Sound
 * Jim & Jennie and the Pinetops
 * Jon Langford‡
 * Jon Rauhouse
 * Justin Townes Earle
 * Kelly Hogan
 * Laura Jane Grace & The Devouring Mothers‡
 * Th' Legendary Shack*Shakers
 * Luke Winslow-King‡
 * Lydia Loveless‡
 * Maggie Björklund‡
 * Mark Pickerel
 * The Meat Purveyors
 * Mekons‡
 * Moonshine Willy
 * Murder by Death‡
 * Neal Pollack
 * Neko Case
 * Nora O'Connor
 * Old 97's
 * Paul Burch
 * The Pine Valley Cosmonauts‡
 * Rex Hobart & the Misery Boys
 * Rico Bell
 * The Riptones
 * Robbie Fulks‡
 * Roger Knox‡
 * Rosie Flores‡
 * Ruby Boots‡
 * Ryan Adams
 * The Sadies
 * Sally Timms
 * Sarah Shook & the Disarmers‡
 * The Scotland Yard Gospel Choir
 * Scott H. Biram‡
 * Scroat Belly
 * The Silos
 * Split Lip Rayfield
 * Trailer Bride
 * Vandoliers ‡
 * The Volebeats
 * Waco Brothers‡
 * Wayne Hancock‡
 * Wee Hairy Beasties
 * Whiskeytown
 * Whitey Morgan and the 78's
 * William Elliott Whitmore‡
 * The Yawpers‡
 * The Yayhoos

‡ denotes active Bloodshot artists

Compilations
Bloodshot Records began its life as a label by releasing compilations of tracks not released elsewhere.

 * 1994: For a Life of Sin: A Compilation of Insurgent Chicago Country
 * 1995: Hell Bent: Insurgent Country Volume 2
 * 1996: Nashville, The Other Side of the Alley
 * 1997: Straight Outta Boone County
 * 1999: Poor Little Knitter on the Road: A Tribute to The Knitters
 * 2000: Down to the Promised Land: 5 Years of Bloodshot Records
 * 2002: The Bottle Let Me Down
 * 2002: Making Singles, Drinking Doubles
 * 2003: The Slaughter Rule (Original Movie Soundtrack)
 * 2004: Hard Headed Woman: A Celebration of Wanda Jackson
 * 2005: For A Decade of Sin: 11 Years of Bloodshot Records
 * 2006: Bloodied But Unbowed: The Soundtrack
 * 2007: Just One More: A Musical Tribute to Larry Brown
 * 2011: No One Got Hurt: Bloodshot's 15th Anniversary @ The Hideout Block Party
 * 2014: While No One Was Looking: Toasting 20 Years of Bloodshot Records
 * 2019: Too Late to Pray: Defiant Chicago Roots

Bloodshot Revival
Bloodshot Revival/Soundies: A series of historic transcription acetate recordings that were leased to radio stations for airplay but never sold at the time of recording.
 * 1999: Rex Allen: Last of the Great Singing Cowboys
 * 2001: Johnny Bond: Country and Western
 * 1999: Spade Cooley: Shame On You
 * 2000: Jimmie Davis: Louisiana
 * 1999: Pee Wee King: Country Hoedown
 * 2000: Hank Penny: Crazy Rhythm
 * 2001: Sons of the Pioneers: Symphonies of the Sage
 * 2004: The Sundowners: Chicago Country Legends
 * 1999: Hank Thompson: Hankworld

Partnerships

 * Old Town School Recordings with Old Town School of Folk Music
 * Invisible China with Martin Atkins (from Public Image Ltd (PiL))

DVD
The label planned to release a 10th anniversary DVD (Bloodied But Unbowed: Bloodshot Records' Life In The Trenches) in 2004, but it was not released until late 2006.
 * 2006: Bloodied But Unbowed: Bloodshot Records' Life In The Trenches – 10th Anniversary DVD

title: Bloodshot Records


text:
Saidai-ji

Saidai-ji (西大寺) or the "Great Western Temple" is a Buddhist temple that was once one of the powerful Seven Great Temples in the city of Nara, Nara Prefecture, Japan. The temple was first established in AD 765 as a counterpart to Tōdai-ji and it is the main temple of the Shingon Risshu (真言律宗) sect of Buddhism after the sect's founder, Eison (叡尊), took over administration in 1238. It has undergone several reconstruction efforts since then during the succeeding centuries.

One building, the Aizen-dō, houses a statue of Aizen Myō-ō, while the main image is of Shakyamuni Buddha, erected by Eison in 1249.

Building list

 * Main Hall (Hondō – 本堂) – Important Cultural Property. It was rebuilt in 1808.
 * Shiō-dō (四王堂) – It was rebuilt in 1674.
 * Aizen-dō (愛染堂) – It was reconstructed in 1762.

title: Saidai-ji


text:
Tal Brody

Talbot "Tal" Brody (Hebrew: טל ברודי; born August 30, 1943), nicknamed Mr. Basketball, is an American-Israeli former professional basketball player and current goodwill ambassador of Israel. Brody was drafted #12 in the National Basketball Association (NBA) draft, but chose to pass up an NBA career, to instead play basketball in Israel. He played on national basketball teams of both the United States and Israel, and served in the armies of both countries.

A New Jersey All-star basketball player in high school, Brody led his team to an undefeated state championship. In college, he was a high-scoring, slick-passing All-American and All-Big Ten point guard in 1965, while playing for the University of Illinois. That year, he was drafted 12th in the NBA draft. Before the NBA season started, he traveled to Israel, where he led the American team to a gold medal in the 1965 Maccabiah Games. Convinced by Moshe Dayan and others, to return to Israel to help elevate the country's basketball team and morale, he passed up his NBA career, to instead play basketball for Maccabi Tel Aviv.

In 1977, he led Maccabi Tel Aviv to the FIBA European Champions Cup (now called EuroLeague) championship. Along the way, his team defeated the heavily favored Soviet Red Army team, CSKA Moscow. Brody's famous remark upon beating the Soviets – "We are on the map! And we are staying on the map – not only in sports, but in everything." – became a part of Israeli culture. It has been used for decades, in various contexts, from political speeches, to National Lottery commercials.

Early life
Brody is Jewish, and the son of Max and Shirley Brody. His father and paternal grandfather had emigrated from Eastern Europe to the United States, spending years in Israel, along the way. His father spent three years in Israel, in the 1920s, working as an engineer on the construction of the Rothenberg electric station, the country's first. Both his father and his grandfather, who lived in Israel for 10 years, helped build the country's first airfield, in Herzliya. Brody has an older sister, Renee.

He was born and raised in Trenton, New Jersey. Brody started playing basketball at age 8, in the Biddy Basketball League of the Trenton Jewish Community Center (JCC), in the Police Athletic League (PAL), and in the local Boys Club League.

He then attended Trenton Central High School. There, he was a New Jersey high school basketball All Star, selected to the First Team All-State Team, by The Star-Ledger in his senior year, and led his undefeated 24–0 team to a state championship. He graduated in 1961. Asked by his yearbook what he wanted to be in his life, he said that he would like to become either a professional basketball player, or an FBI agent.

College career
Over 40 colleges approached Brody with scholarship offers. The Temple University Owls head coach Harry Litwak, in recruiting him, tried to dissuade him from going to powerhouse University of Illinois, suggesting that at the large school he would be "a small fish in a big pond". Conceding that the university was in fact a big one, Brody nevertheless told the coach that he liked the challenge of trying to be "a big fish" in a big pond.

Brody attended the University of Illinois. On the social side, he joined Zeta Beta Tau, the campus Jewish fraternity. The basketball-focused Brody would sleep with his basketball, and dribble it to class. At the time, freshmen were not allowed to play on the varsity basketball team, but as a sophomore he replaced the just-graduated Jerry Colangelo.

Brody was an outstanding 1.87 m (6'1 3⁄4") tall basketball star for the Illini, playing point guard while wearing uniform # 12. He was quick, slick, smart, and an excellent shooter and passer.     His team won the Big Ten Championship, and was rated the number three team in the nation.

He was voted a 1965 All-American, along with fellow college basketball players like Rick Barry, Bill Bradley, and Billy Cunningham. He was also named first team All-Big Ten, a second team academic All American, and a Converse top-10 player. The Sporting News picked him as one of the top 10 players in the nation, along with Bradley, Barry, Cunningham, and Jerry Sloan. In 1965, he graduated from Illinois with a bachelor's degree in physical education. As of 2008, Brody was still ranked 33rd among the all-time scorers in Illinois history.

NBA draft and Maccabiah Games (1965)
Brody was picked 12th in the 1965 National Basketball Association Draft by the Baltimore Bullets, known today as the Washington Wizards. That June he trained in a one-week Bullets rookie camp, and the team deemed him one of the best players. After the camp, the Bullets provided him with an apartment in Baltimore.

He traveled to Israel for the first time in August, with the Bullets' permission and his parents' blessing. There, he played for the USA team in the 1965 Maccabiah Games, the international Jewish Olympics. He led the team to a gold medal, as he played alongside Ronald Green, Steve Chubin, and Ron Watts.

Immediately after the Maccabiah Games, he was approached by managers of the Israeli Maccabi Tel Aviv basketball team. They asked him to join the team, in order to help elevate Israeli basketball to a higher level. Others joined in asking Brody to stay in Israel after the tournament, including the iconic eye-patch-wearing Israeli general Moshe Dayan, the Israeli Minister of Sports, and Ministry of Education officials. At that point, the Israeli team had never survived past the first round in the FIBA European Champions Cup (EuroLeague) competition.

Israel, as Brody put it, had opened his eyes. He had never previously traveled anywhere outside the U.S. Before he arrived in Israel, all he knew about it was what he had studied in Hebrew school. To his surprise, rather than arriving in Biblical Israel (with people riding camels and living in tents), he found himself in a modern society in which for the first time he met Jews from around the globe. The experience was a culture shock, and he was attracted to the culture and the everyday life. It changed the NBA-bound basketball player's goals in life. Eventually, because he was Jewish he agreed to take up the challenge and stay. His decision completely changed Israeli basketball.

Brody first returned to the United States, however, and completed his master's degree in educational psychology at Illinois. In August 1966, the NBA's St. Louis Hawks traded a veteran guard and a draft pick to the Bullets for the rights to Brody, but Brody chose to play basketball in Israel rather than in the NBA.

Early Israeli basketball career (1966–69)
Brody returned to Israel in 1966 to "take up that challenge", help an entire country rather than just one team, and take one year out of his life to play for Maccabi Tel Aviv. He felt he could do something "special". Ralph Klein, Israel's most successful coach at the time, said that up until the enthusiastic Brody's arrival, Israelis had only viewed basketball as a fun game. But within a year, with his serious attitude and his inspirational commitment, Brody had inculcated his teammates with his view of basketball as a way of life. At his urging, the team doubled the number of practices it held every week.

To capitalize on Brody's quickness and speed, his coach abandoned the team's formerly slow pace in favor of a fast-paced motion game, built around fast breaks. Brody was the most dominant player in Europe's second-tier competition, the FIBA European Cup Winners Cup (FIBA Saporta Cup), in the 1966–67 season. In 1967, he was named Israel's Sportsman of the Year. The team made it through the first, second, and third rounds of the league playoffs, and reached the FIBA European Cup Winners Cup Finals, finishing second in the league.

For the first time, the Israeli Prime Minister (Levi Eshkol), the Israeli Defense Forces Chief of Staff, and Knesset members came to games. Demand for tickets to games in the team's 5,000-seat stadium was so high that they became exceedingly difficult to obtain. In his down time, Brody coached Israeli soldiers when they were off duty from guarding Israel's border against its Arab neighbors. The experience, and the excitement Brody generated, made a deep impression on him. He had a vision of what he could accomplish, and saw the positive impact on the Israeli people's morale whenever Maccabi Tel Aviv beat a team in Europe. As he put it: "I felt it was bigger than me, and had to be continued, because I saw what the results were."

He had initially intended to help Israeli basketball for only one year. But that one year, and the excitement it generated (while at the same time, in the days preceding the June 1967 Six-Day War, Egypt and Syria were threatening to push the Israelis into the sea), pulled Brody into a second year. As the war was about to break out, the U.S. State Department sent him a telegram advising him to leave Israel. Instead of heeding the advice, he volunteered his services to lead Israeli soldiers at the Jordanian border in athletic exercises, as he stayed in Israel through the war.

U.S. military service (1968–70)
Brody returned to the U.S. in 1968, to fulfill his military duty during the Vietnam War. He first took "Advanced Infantry Preparation for Vietnam". He then played for two years for the U.S. Army and United States Armed Forces All Star Teams as a starting guard, while Israelis worried over the impact of his departure. He also played for the USA Men's National Basketball Team, which finished fifth at the 1970 FIBA World Championship in Belgrade, Yugoslavia, in May 1970. During that championship competition, he received a letter from Moshe Dayan, who asked him to return to Israel.

Israel military service (1970–73)
After the United States military released him, Brody returned to Israel to live. He made aliyah and became an Israeli citizen towards the end of 1970. The Israeli government called him up to its military that year, and he served in the Israeli Army. Later, as a reserve in the Israel Defense Forces, he was tasked with supporting the Israeli Air Force, in which his son Ron later served.

Later Israeli basketball career (1973–80)
At the 27-country 1973 Maccabiah Games, dedicated to the 11 Israeli athletes killed in the Munich Massacre at the 1972 Olympics, he was captain of the Israeli basketball team and given the honor of lighting the opening torch. He led the national team to a gold medal, as they beat a U.S. team led by Ernie Grunfeld in the finals.

Brody played for Maccabi Tel Aviv until 1980. He won ten Israeli League championships with the team, and six Israel State Cups, in what has been described as a "stellar" and "amazing" career. With Maccabi Tel Aviv, he appeared in 81 FIBA European Champions Cup (now called EuroLeague) games, scoring 1,378 points. Brody was also selected to the FIBA European Selection (European All-Star Team). In the Israeli Super League, Brody scored 4,049 points, in 211 games.

Brody also played for the senior Israel national team, scoring 1,219 points in 78 games. With that, he played on national basketball teams of both the U.S. and Israel, and served in the armies of both countries. When the Israeli Omri Casspi, was drafted in the first round of the 2009 NBA draft, by the Sacramento Kings, to play in the U.S., Brody called it "the completion of a circle".

The FIBA European Champions Cup Championship; "We are on the map!"
The highlight of his career came in 1977. It was the apex of the Cold War, and the Soviet Union was boycotting Israel. In the first round of the European-wide top-tier level FIBA European Champions Cup (later renamed to EuroLeague), Maccabi Tel Aviv defeated Real Madrid, of Spain's top league, 94–85. In the second round, it beat Zbrojovka Brno, of Czechoslovakia's top-tier league, for the first time, 91–76, on February 15, 1977.

In the FIBA European Champions Cup 1976–77 season semifinals, Maccabi Tel Aviv was matched against CSKA Moscow—the Red Army team. CSKA Moscow was a powerhouse. The Soviet Army team had won the prior USSR Premier League basketball title. Six of its players had played on the Soviet national team that had controversially defeated the United States in the 1972 Summer Olympics, and their captain was Sergei Belov (who years later recalled that Brody was one of his toughest opponents). And the Communists were well known for using sports to glorify what they billed as their supremacy over the West.

The Soviet Union had broken off diplomatic relations with Israel a decade earlier, and politically and militarily backed Israel's Arab enemies. For political reasons, therefore, CSKA Moscow refused to play in Tel Aviv (which would have resulted in a technical defeat). And the Soviets also refused to grant visas to the Israelis, to allow them to come play in Moscow. In the end, Maccabi Tel Aviv's "home game" was played in the small, neutral town of Virton, Belgium.

The game took place in an emotional and politically charged atmosphere. It was of huge symbolic value for Maccabi Tel Aviv fans, and for many Israelis who ordinarily had no interest in basketball. The game pitted the capitalist West against the Communist East, and Israel against the country that was supplying its enemies with weapons. The game also matched the country of Israel, with a total of a mere 4 million inhabitants, against the Soviets, with their 290 million people. The newspaper Maariv billed the February 17, 1977, game as "the fight between David and Goliath." Most of Israel's population watched the game, which was broadcast on Israel's only TV channel at the time.

Maccabi Tel Aviv upset the heavily favored Soviets, 91–79. Enthusiastic fans carried Brody off the court on their shoulders. The feeling among Israelis was not only that CSKA Moscow had been defeated, but that a victory – albeit small – had been achieved against the mighty Soviet Union. The game has for decades been recognized as a key event in the forging of Israel's national identity. Even decades later, it was being replayed repeatedly on Israeli television.

"We are on the map!" proclaimed an elated, euphoric Brody in his heavily American-accented Hebrew, as a TV announcer pushed a microphone in front of him for a post-game quote, while people danced the hora around him in excitement and celebration. "And we are staying on the map – not only in sports, but in everything."

The remark was spontaneous, and unprepared. As Brody put it, it just "came out of my heart, at that instant." Then-Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin called Brody into his office, and told him that Brody's statement had brought tears to his eyes, and had immeasurably impacted the Israeli people's morale.

The phrase "We are on the map!" ("anachnu al hamapa, ve'anahnu nisharim al hamapa!"), a literal translation of an English phrase into his adopted language, but a novel saying in Hebrew, became a new, popular phrase in Israel. It reflected a physical victory by the nascent Jewish Zionist idea, and national pride. It became Israel's most famous quote. The phrase was as significant for Israelis as U.S. astronaut Neil Armstrong's statement – "One small step for man; one giant step for mankind" – had been for Americans, vis-a-vis the space age.

The saying became a staple of Israeli speech. Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin co-opted the phrase as an election campaign slogan in 1981. It was also used by former Soviet refusenik and Israeli Yisrael BaAliyah party leader and Industry and Trade Minister Natan Sharansky, in 1998. The Israeli National Lottery Board spoofed it in a television commercial, in which a winning racehorse with an American accent stated: "We are on the racetrack, and we will stay on the racetrack." Similarly, when Israel's Davis Cup team beat the powerhouse Russian Davis Cup team in a shocking victory in the 2009 Davis Cup tennis quarter-finals, Prime Minister Netanyahu telephoned the Israel Tennis Association Director General and echoed Brody's statement of over three decades earlier, saying: "We're back on the map".

Back home, hundreds of thousands of Israelis celebrated spontaneously in the streets, and 150,000 in Tel Aviv congregated in celebration in what is now Rabin Square. Many jumped into its fountain, splashing in water and champagne. Recalling the moment, an Israeli quoted in the book From Beirut to Jerusalem told Thomas Friedman that on one level it was Brody the star basketball player and his teammates beating the Russians, but on another level it was "my grandfather beating them. It was our retroactive victory over the Cossacks." Brody was credited with being so inspiring that basketball became Israel's number one sport, surpassing soccer.

The FIBA European Champions Cup finals were played in Belgrade, Yugoslavia, on April 7, 1977. Yugoslavia was a Communist country, with which Israel did not have diplomatic relations, and the El Al plane that brought the Maccabi Tel Aviv players over to it for the game was the first Israeli plane ever allowed to land there. The Israelis were pitted against the highly favored Mobilgirgi Varese, the champions of Italy's top league. Mobilgirgi Varese had beaten the Israelis twice that year, and had beaten them in the European-wide second-tier level FIBA European Cup Winners' Cup finals ten years earlier, when Brody first started playing for Maccabi Tel Aviv. Back in Israel, the entire country watched the game on television.

Maccabi Tel Aviv went on to defeat Mobilgirgi Varese by one point, 78–77, in the FIBA European Champions Cup Finals. Brody, as the team captain, received the European Cup trophy from FIBA's Secretary General, and lifted it over his head.

It was Israel's first FIBA European Champions Cup basketball championship in the 23-nation league. It was also the first time that Israel had won a championship of that caliber in any sport, and was, at the time, Israel's greatest achievement in international sports. The victory greatly lifted the spirit and morale of the country. In Israel, 200,000 people gathered to celebrate in Israel's National Park, and the event was celebrated as a national holiday. When the team returned home, it found 150,000 Israelis waiting for it. Brody himself became widely known as an Israeli national hero, and as a symbol of Israel's achievements.

In 1978, the team was also a semi-finalist in the 1977–78 FIBA European Champions Cup basketball competition. When Brody retired from basketball in 1980, a special official retirement game was arranged in his honor, and the FIBA European Selection All-Star Team arrived in Israel, to play against Maccabi Tel Aviv.

Pro basketball career accomplishments

 * FIBA Saporta Cup Finals Top Scorer: (1967)
 * Israeli Sportsman of the Year: (1967)
 * 10× Israeli League Champion: (1967, 1968, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, 1977, 1978, 1979, 1980)
 * 6× Israeli State Cup Winner: (1973, 1975, 1977, 1978, 1979, 1980)
 * EuroLeague champion: (1977)
 * FIBA European Selection: (1978)
 * Israel Prize: (1979)
 * 101 Greats of European Basketball: (2018)

Honors
Brody became the first sportsman to be awarded the Israel Prize, Israel's highest civilian honor, in 1979. It was presented to him by Israeli President Yitzhak Navon, in recognition of his unique contribution to Israeli society and the State in the field of sports. The Israel Prize Committee noted that he was "an excellent athlete who set an outstanding example" for Israeli immigrants and absorption.

During his basketball career, he was also twice named Israeli Basketball Player of the Year. Brody was given the honor of lighting the torch at the opening of the 1981 Maccabiah Games at Ramat Gan Stadium, in front of 45,000 fans and sportsmen from 54 countries. In 1988 he was voted the Israeli athlete who most influenced Israeli sports, in a poll by the Israeli newspaper Ma'ariv. In 1996, he was elected the University of Illinois "Man of the Year", in recognition of his sports and other accomplishments, and awarded the school's "I" Award for his achievements.

In 2004, he was given the honor of lighting a torch at the 56th Israeli Independence Day ceremony on Mount Herzl. He and Maccabi Tel Aviv were the first non-U.S. basketball team to be honored at the Naismith Basketball Hall of Fame, in a special exhibition in 2008.

In Israel, Brody is widely recognized as a revered national hero, icon, and legend. He is a superstar, on a level similar to that of Michael Jordan in the United States. Some people view him as the greatest and most famous athlete to have ever represented Israel. As Israel's first modern-day sports hero, he is a symbol of all the young country's achievements, and not only its successes in basketball. He is known by the nicknames: "Mr. Basketball", and "The man who put Israel on the Map".

Halls of Fame
In 1996, Brody was inducted into the International Jewish Sports Hall of Fame, and in March 2011 he was inducted into the U.S. National Jewish Sports Hall of Fame. He was also inducted into the Israeli Basketball Hall of Fame. He represented Maccabi Tel Aviv as it became the first non-U.S. basketball team to be honored at the Naismith Basketball Hall of Fame, in a special exhibition in 2008 entitled "Putting Israel on the Map". However, despite being nominated numerous times, he has yet to be inducted.

Basketball-related
After he retired as a player, Brody continued with Maccabi Tel Aviv as an assistant coach. He was on the team's Board of Directors until 2007, when Netanyahu approached him with regard to entering politics.

In addition, he has been Maccabi Tel Aviv's volunteer liaison with the National Basketball Association since 1988, helping organize games between Maccabi Tel Aviv and various NBA teams.

Brody was also a sports commentator for Israeli television in the early 1990s. He in addition became an instructor at the Wingate Institute of Physical Fitness in Netanya. Brody serves as well on the Board of Directors of the Maccabi World Union (MWU), which organizes the Maccabiah Games in Israel. He was also appointed to serve on a panel of experts who select recipients of the Israel Prize for athletics.

Brody was featured in a 2008 documentary entitled The Jewish Basketball Hall of Fame, Volume 1, produced by Yisrael Lifschutz. He was also featured in a book by the title: A Voice Called; Stories of Jewish Heroism, by Yossi Katz, which was published in 2010.

Business career
After retiring from playing basketball, Brody established, and was Chief Executive Officer and a co-owner of, a sporting goods export/import/distribution business named Sports United Ltd. At the same time, he ran basketball clinics across Israel. He ultimately sold the sporting goods business to his partner.

Brody also was appointed the local agent of Japanese consumer goods company Mitsuboshi C.I. Co., and was elected to the Japan-Israel Chamber of Commerce Board of Directors.

He then entered the insurance business. Brody established, owned, and managed an independent insurance firm named Tal Brody Insurance Agency in Tel Aviv. The company handled pension programs, provident funds, and health and education funds for 20 years. He ultimately sold the business in 2008. He has since retired from the business world, which he calls the second stage of his life.

Philanthropy
Since retiring from basketball, Brody has initiated, volunteered for, and assisted a number of charitable organizations and efforts.

He created an after-school program for Israeli children, called "Let's Play Ball!" As part of the program, he coaches basketball and gives basketball clinics to schoolchildren, members of kibbutzim, residents of development towns, and soldiers in the Israeli army. The program has impacted over 200,000 children.

He is also Chairman of the Spirit of Israel (JAFI), a non-profit Jewish Agency subsidiary that he created in 1999. It raises money from the Israeli public to help underprivileged Israeli children and others, by providing for their "vital human needs" (as defined by the Jewish Agency and Keren Hayesod). He arrived at the idea for the charity when he attended a meeting at which efforts to raise money in the U.S. for Israel were being discussed. Brody began to muse about what Israelis were doing for themselves on the charity front. As a result, he established the Spirit of Israel to raise money within Israel for Israelis. Projects included assisting Israeli senior citizens, "at risk" children, and family abuse victims.

Brody is also Sports Ambassador for Migdal Ohr and the America–Israel Friendship League (AIFL). Migdal Ohr helps at-risk, disadvantaged, impoverished, orphaned, and underprivileged Israeli children of all religions. He helped organize and promote an exhibition game between Maccabi Tel Aviv and the New York Knicks in the U.S., with all proceeds going to benefit Migdal Ohr.

In 1985, Brody joined with Herzliya and its Mayor (Eli Landau) to construct and run one of the world's largest basketball schools, designing a unique program with specially chosen coaches. The school is Bnei Herzliya. The basketball school is now run by the municipality of Herzliya, with Brody serving as its president. It provides a basketball program to 14,000 children from ages 5–18, drawn from 14 citywide schools.

Brody also has spoken around the world for the Israeli Foreign Ministry, and for American Jewish organizations.

Political career (2008)
Brody was asked to join Yitzhak Yitzhaky's One Israel party in 1980, after he retired. But he rejected the offer. He did not view himself as a politician, and was not seeking a political career. Though he joined the Likud party in the 1990s, he was not openly active in politics because he didn't believe that an active sportsman should involve himself in politics.

When Likud party chairman Benjamin Netanyahu approached him personally, however, and asked him to step forward for the country, Brody for the first time considered entering politics. Netanyahu was interested in involving people who had not formerly entered into politics. Brody found it difficult to turn away Netanyahu, who impressed upon him that it would be important to Israel for Brody to run for office. Netanyahu suggested that Brody could more effectively push the advances he was already seeking, in education, sports, immigration, absorption, and social issues, if he were a member of the Israeli Knesset.

Brody announced in August 2007 that he was seriously considering running for the Knesset in the general election, as a Likud candidate. He said in November 2008 that he felt that it was the appropriate point in his life to change careers, after having spent much of his life first playing basketball and then heading an insurance agency that managed employment benefits programs for companies. He noted that the Knesset would be a third career calling for him, as long as it allowed him to concentrate on those areas that were already his focus, such as sports, education, aliyah, the Diaspora, Israeli-American relations, and helping children who are "at risk", and that he saw it as a good way to spend the third phase of his life after basketball and business. He stressed that in his view it wasn't politics, but rather "good citizenship". But he acknowledged that when he discussed his goals with Netanyahu, the Prime Minister had replied that "in the Knesset, they call it politics."

Brody ran for a national slot (places 2–19 on Likud's list), to represent the district between Tel Aviv and Haifa, along the Israeli coast. He became the fourth candidate who was formerly a resident of the U.S., and was supported by Likud Anglos, Likud's English-speaking division. In a November 2008 press conference Brody and Netanyahu held, Brody said: "We need to change the situation in the country. 70% of the people think there is corruption in politics." Netanyahu introduced Brody as his future Minister of Sports and Culture. Among other things, Brody noted that Israel's amateur sports budget had declined from $35 million a year to $10 million a year, and suggested that the budget could be supplemented by working with the NBA or the National Football League. He also had in mind the creation of a sports program with Birthright Israel Taglit to encourage aliyah. Endorsed by Netanyahu, he said that whether he won or lost, at least he would feel that he did all he could to answer Netanyahu's request that candidates with varied abilities and life experiences run for the Knesset. He joked, however, that if he were to win, he looked forward to playing basketball against President Obama, who is an intense basketball fan.

In the December 2008 Likud primaries, however, he was not elected to Likud's list of candidates. Danny Danon, the well-organized chairman of World Likud—who was backed by Zo Artzeinu co-founder Moshe Feiglin—beat him in what turned out to be an intense fight for the slot on the Likud list. Remarking on his feelings about the primaries, Brody said that he had only become involved in the political process because he thought it was the obligation of people to come forward to serve the country, but that his involvement in the process had made him aware of the fact that many local voters rely on the "professional politicians" for jobs.

Goodwill Ambassador (2010–present)
Prime Minister Netanyahu asked Brody in early 2009 to help Israel in a yet-to-be-created official position of goodwill ambassador for the country. In July 2010, Israeli Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Avigdor Lieberman appointed Brody as the first international Goodwill Ambassador for Israel, to assist with Israel's international diplomacy. In that unpaid position—the only money he receives is compensation for his expenses—he speaks to audiences outside of Israel about Israel's culture, sports, and successes, and Israelis' daily lives.

His trips outside Israel are coordinated by the Israeli Foreign Ministry and by Israel's embassies and consulates. He speaks at schools, universities, Jewish and non-Jewish organizations and community centers, synagogues, Christian events, African-American organizations, and fundraising events. While he seeks to encourage those people who support Israel, a major focus of his—which accords with a suggestion he was given by Harvard Law Professor Alan Dershowitz—is on those people who are undecided about Israel. His discussions with groups outside of Israel have touched on the tension between terrorism and restrictions on freedom of movement, Israel's security fence, Israel's Black Ethiopian Jews, and the role of Israeli Arabs in Israeli society. Brody said that he took on the role because it was what he wanted to do—serve the State of Israel.

In May 2015, Brody was presented with a Lifetime Achievement Award for his outstanding contribution to shaping and helping Israel through sports and dedicated hasbara (public diplomacy) efforts at a Nefesh B'Nefesh Bonei Zion 2015 Prizes special ceremony at the Knesset hosted by Knesset Member Tzachi Hanegbi.

Personal life

After Brody returned to Israel in 1970, he married a 20-year-old Israeli woman, Ronit Born, in a wedding that Defense Minister Moshe Dayan attended as his guest of honor. The two were married for 14 years. Brody and his second wife Tirtza, whom he married in the early 1980s, live in Netanya in Israel. He has three children (two from his first marriage (Ron and Kareen), and a daughter Linor from his second wife's first marriage), and five grandchildren.

His American-accented Hebrew is the result of his not having formally studied the language when he arrived in Israel—as he thought his stay would be a temporary one, rather than a decades-long one. He instead picked up the language from colloquial use. His Hebrew consequently remains a source of amusement in Israel, and has been humorously targeted by friends and family, as well as by Eretz Nehederet, Israel's version of Saturday Night Live.

title: Tal Brody


text:
Pimelia

Pimelia is a genus of darkling beetles in the subfamily Pimeliinae.

Species

 * Pimelia aculeata Klug, 1830
 * Pimelia akbesiana Fairmaire, 1884
 * Pimelia angulata Fabricius, 1775
 * Pimelia angusticollis Solier, 1836
 * Pimelia arabica Klug, 1830
 * Pimelia arenacea Solier, 1836
 * Pimelia ascendens Wollaston, 1864
 * Pimelia baetica Solier, 1836
 * Pimelia bajula Klug, 1830
 * Pimelia barmerensis Kulzer, 1956
 * Pimelia bipunctata Fabricius, 1781
 * Pimelia boyeri Solier, 1836
 * Pimelia brevicollis Solier, 1836
 * Pimelia canariensis Brullé, 1838
 * Pimelia capito Krynicky, 1832
 * Pimelia cephalotes (Pallas, 1781)
 * Pimelia costata Waltl, 1835
 * Pimelia cribra Solier, 1836
 * Pimelia elevata Sénac, 1887
 * Pimelia estevezi Oromí, 1990
 * Pimelia fairmairei Kraatz, 1865
 * Pimelia fernandezlopezi Machado, 1979
 * Pimelia fornicata Herbst, 1799
 * Pimelia goryi Solier, 1836
 * Pimelia graeca Brullé, 1832
 * Pimelia grandis Klug, 1830
 * Pimelia granulata Solier, 1836
 * Pimelia granulicollis Wollaston, 1864
 * Pimelia grossa Fabricius, 1792
 * Pimelia incerta Solier, 1836
 * Pimelia indica Sénac, 1882
 * Pimelia integra Rosenhauer, 1856
 * Pimelia interjecta Solier, 1836
 * Pimelia laevigata Brullé, 1838
 * Pimelia lutaria Brullé, 1838
 * Pimelia maura Solier, 1836
 * Pimelia minos Lucas, 1853
 * Pimelia modesta Herbst, 1799
 * Pimelia monticola Rosenh., 1856
 * Pimelia nazarena Miller, 1861
 * Pimelia orientalis Senac, 1886
 * Pimelia payraudi Latreille, 1829
 * Pimelia perezi Sénac, 1887
 * Pimelia punctata Solier, 1836
 * Pimelia radula Solier, 1836
 * Pimelia repleta Reitter, 1915
 * Pimelia rotundata Solier, 1836
 * Pimelia rotundipennis Kraatz, 1865
 * Pimelia rugosa Fabricius, 1792
 * Pimelia rugulosa Germar, 1824
 * Pimelia ruida Solier, 1836
 * Pimelia scabrosa Solier, 1836
 * Pimelia sericea Olivier, 1795
 * Pimelia simplex Solier, 1836
 * Pimelia sparsa Brullé, 1838
 * Pimelia subglobosa (Pallas, 1781)
 * Pimelia testudo Kraatz, 1885
 * Pimelia undulata Solier, 1836
 * Pimelia variolosa Solier, 1836
 * Pimelia ventricosa Falderm., 1837
 * Pimelia verruculifera Soliér, 1836
 * Pimelia villanovae Sénac, 1887

Reproduction
Pimelia are univoltine, with one generation per year. Species in North Africa emerge in January to begin mating, synchronously with floral bloom. Normally Pimelia are detrivores, but during mating season they may cannibalize other adults, larvae, and eggs. This behavior may be due to need for extra nutrients or simply to eliminate competitors. Following behavior and mating take place on the slip face of a sand dune. After mating, the female digs a shallow hole and deposits a single egg, which closely resembles a grain of white rice. As the temperature rises above 50 °C the adult population dies off. Immature stages remain below the surface until maturity. During the winter the adults emerge.

Desert adaptations
Many Pimelia species are conspicuous as they cross sand dunes. Locomotion in this difficult terrain is facilitated by numerous tarsal setae that allow for rapid tumbling behavior.

Adaptations to arid climates and desert environments allow Pimelia to survive and reproduce in the dunes, but the relative importance of abiotic and biotic factors in this respect is not clear. Environmental factors influencing these adaptations are extremes of temperature and humidity, excessive radiant energy, low and irregular rainfall, long periods of drought, strong winds, unstable sand substrates, and sparse, specialized vegetation.

Several morphological adaptations allow Pimelia to survive in the desert, including the lipid layers of the epicuticle, fused sclerites, the subelytral cavity, and the texture of the body surface. Much of the success of tenebrionid beetles in desert habitats is due to the development of impermeable cuticles. The fused sclerites of desert tenebrionids minimize water loss, but they result in flightlessness. The main barrier to the outward flow of water through insect integument is the lipid layer of the epicuticle. In many terrestrial arthropods, the temperature affects the permeability of the cuticle. There is a sudden increase in the rate of transpiration at what is known as the transition temperature. This may coincide with a physical change, perhaps the disorientation of the lipid molecules in the epicuticle. In tenebrionid beetles, the spiracles open into a humid subelytral cavity rather than directly to the atmosphere, thus reducing water loss. Water retention by intact elytral covers is greater at 0% relative humidity than at 97%. The size of the cavity is not important. Transpiration increases if the elytra are removed, emphasizing the importance of the epicuticle and subelytral cavity. Pimelia have tubercles on the surface of their elytra which scatter and reflect incident energy.

Burrowing is probably the most important behavior modification for heat regulation in Pimelia, because it permits access to a broad range of ambient temperatures. Pimelia are diurnal, emerging in early morning and late evening but remaining under the sand during the hot hours of the day.

title: Pimelia


text:
User talk:Vanderklt

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! Alf 12:18, 25 August 2005 (UTC)
 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
 * Help pages
 * Tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Manual of Style

re your question about downloading articles, I'm not sure what you are wanting to do, most articles can be found by using the search box on the left, as with any encyclopedia, you should search using the most likely words, for example, if you wished to know about Sir Walter Raleigh, you would type Walter Raleigh and click the 'go' button this would take you to the article about him, if you typed Raleigh, you would get an article on Raleigh, North Carolina. Hope that helps, if not please feel free to leave a message on my talk page. Alf 12:28, 25 August 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Vanderklt


text:
Actinostemon

Actinostemon is a plant genus of the family Euphorbiaceae first described as a genus in 1841. It is native to South America, Central America, and the West Indies.

• # Actinostemon amazonicus - Peru, S Venezuela, N Brazil
 * Species

• # Actinostemon brachypodus - Pinar del Río, La Habana

• # Actinostemon caribaeus - Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Lesser Antilles, Trinidad, N Venezuela

• # Actinostemon concepcionis - Paraguay, S Brazil, Corrientes

• # Actinostemon concolor - Paraguay, S Brazil, Uruguay, Bolivia, Misiones

• # Actinostemon desertorum - S Brazil

• # Actinostemon echinatus - Pernambuco, Rio de Janeiro

• # Actinostemon glaziovii - Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais

• # Actinostemon guyanensis - Guyana

• # Actinostemon imbricatus - NW Brazil

• # Actinostemon klotzschii - Brazil, Bolivia

• # Actinostemon lagoensis - S Brazil

• # Actinostemon lasiocarpus - E Brazil

• # Actinostemon leptopus - S Brazil

• # Actinostemon macrocarpus - S Brazil

• # Actinostemon mandiocanus - Rio de Janeiro

• # Actinostemon schomburgkii - Venezuela, 3 Guianas, N Brazil, Bolivia

• # Actinostemon sparsifolius - S Brazil

• # Actinostemon verticillatus - E Brazil

moved to other genera: Gymnanthes Sebastiania • # A. anisandrus - Sebastiania brasiliensis
 * formerly included

• # A. brasiliensis - Sebastiania brasiliensis

• # A. jamaicensis - Gymnanthes glandulosa

• # A. luquensis - Sebastiania brasiliensis

• # A. unciformis - Sebastiania klotzschiana

title: Actinostemon


text: Talk:Asexual reproduction

title: Talk:Asexual reproduction


text:
Megan Whalen Turner

Megan Whalen Turner (born November 21, 1965) is an American writer of fantasy fiction for young adults. She is best known for her novel The Thief and its five sequels. In 1997, The Thief was named a Newbery Honor book.

Early life
Turner received her BA with honors in English language and literature from the University of Chicago in 1987. Before becoming an author, she worked as a children's book buyer for bookstores in Chicago and Washington D.C.

Career
Turner began writing a collection of short fantasy stories after moving to California in 1989. She published the stories as Instead of Three Wishes: Magical Short Stories in 1995.

Turner is best known for her series of young adult novels primarily revolving around a character named Eugenides. Turner has no official name for the series herself, sometimes referring to it as "The Geniad", but fans have coined it The Queen's Thief. The first book in the series, The Thief, won a Newbery Honor award. The subsequent books in the series are The Queen of Attolia, The King of Attolia, A Conspiracy of Kings, Thick as Thieves, and Return of the Thief.

Turner was the 2013 Literary Guest of Honor and Keynote Speaker at the Life, the Universe, & Everything professional science fiction and fantasy arts symposium.

In July 2018, Turner announced the March 2019 publication date of Return of the Thief. This was first pushed back to spring 2020 before the book was published on October 6, 2020, concluding the series.

Her additional work includes a short story collection titled Instead of Three Wishes, and a short story, "The Baby in the Night Deposit Box", published in a collection called Firebirds, edited by Sharyn November. "The Baby in the Night Deposit Box" was selected for The Year's Best Fantasy and Horror. She has also written six uncollected short stories — "Thief!", "Destruction", "Eddis", "Knife Dance, "Wineshop", and "Alyta's Missing Earring" — which are set in the world of The Thief.

Personal life
Her husband is the cognitive scientist Mark Turner. The couple have three sons.

The Queen's Thief

 * 1996 The Thief
 * 2000 The Queen of Attolia
 * 2006 The King of Attolia
 * 2010 A Conspiracy of Kings
 * 2017 Thick as Thieves
 * 2020 Return of the Thief
 * 2022 Moira's Pen: A Queen's Thief Collection

title: Megan Whalen Turner


text:
Feather Boy

Feather Boy is a novel by Brighton-based author Nicky Singer; it was first published in 2002 by HarperCollins, under the Collins imprint and reissued under the Essential Modern Classics imprint in 2010. A TV adaptation was created by the BBC in 2004.

Synopsis
Robert Nobel is a 12-year-old shy boy who despairs of his newly divorced parents. Living in the dog-leg, he has to face many difficulties. He is the victim of classroom jokes and a victim of Niker, the classroom bully. He is hated and forced to do disgusting things. His life changes when a storyteller, Catherine, invites some of his class to Mayfield Rest Home. In there, he has to do a project with an elder called Edith Sorrel.

Edith Sorrel asks him to go to Chance House, a lonely abandoned house standing out of nowhere at st Alybuns. He goes into finding the grave of David Sorrel: a 12 year old boy who took his life on the very top level of the abandoned house ( The Chance House ). and tells this to the one he loves: Kate. However, Niker hears him and challenges him to spend a night together at the top. Having done this, Edith Sorrel gives him a new task: to create a coat of feathers just for her. He sews night and day to create it and finally, it is nearly ready. However, there is another problem: Niker. Niker destroys his coat of feathers and he has to sew it back! Finally, he gives it back to Edith and when she has it: she flies and then she dies.

In the end, he meets his father once again and they happily go fishing together.

Adaptations
The book was adapted for television in 2004 and first shown as a series of six 30-minute episodes on the British TV channel, BBC One on 16 March. It was later repeated as a single feature-length programme on 30 May 2004.

The series was written and produced by Peter Tabern and directed by Dermot Boyd, starring Thomas Brodie-Sangster, Sheila Hancock and Aaron Taylor-Johnson. Tabern and Boyd shared the award for Best Drama at the British Academy Children's Awards.

In 2006 the National Theatre commissioned a musical version for young people to perform, for which Singer and Boyd wrote the script with lyrics by Don Black and music by Debbie Wiseman.

title: Feather Boy


text:
Talk:F-19

F-19
I recall that Jane's Information Group was even taken in by the F-19 myth. I've heard that in one of their aircraft books in the mid-80s has a listing for the F-19, along with a picture of the model. --YoungFreud 12:20, 25 August 2005 (UTC)

The article says: "At one point, a USAF spokesman claimed that it was to avoid confusion with the MiG-19, but this seems never to have interfered with the use of 17, 21, and 23 for instance."

But I find this a somewhat thin argument that it wouldn't interfere; there has never been an F-17, an F-21 or an F-23! The closest resemblance so far has been the YF-17, which later became the F/A-18 (the YF designation only applied to one or two airframes), the F-21 has never existed, at least not as far as I could find, and there was an YF-23, but this one lost in competition with the YF-22, so the argument that confusion would reign if the F-19 designation were used is a bit thin as I see it. Other thoughts from anyone else? bjelleklang 00:49, 5 October 2005 (UTC)

OK...when the USDoD designates a prototype or pre-production aircraft, like YF-17 and YF-23, they do not go back afterwards and designate another aircraft the same number without the "Y". How confusing would that be? My answer would be 'highly confusing' at the very least. The F/A-18 was developed from the YF-17 after being reworked and Northrop teaming up with MDC. And your question regarding the F-21, here is the answer: In the 1980's, the USN and USMC leased in several IAI Kfir fighters from Israel to act in agressor and dissimilar tactics training. Upon arrival, they were given normal US aircraft designations. I don't think the USA still operates the F-21, but of course, there won't be (or at least shouldn't be) any future fighter designated F-17, F-21, or F-23.  Courtesy of Jimmy Red 20:20, 14 December 2005 (UTC)
 * Just my point; the argument is that naming an aircraft F-19 would confuse people is not valid, considering that no other aircraft (eg. F-15, YF-17, F-35) seems to confuse anyone.Bjelleklang 20:57, 14 December 2005 (UTC)

 * Addition: Just came over this:, and it provides a good theory for the missing designations F-112-116. The theory is basically that this was used to conceal the testing of Soviet aircraft, by refering to them by a US model scheme. But still doesn't explain the missing F-19... Bjelleklang 21:44, 14 December 2005 (UTC)

Secrecy
If there was a top-secret F-19, would they really have been so silly as to leave a hole indicating its existence, rather than give it a totally different name? Morwen - Talk 12:39, 6 March 2006 (UTC)

 * As someone who once worked in the byzantine bowels of the military-industrial complex, I can say that silliness is entirely possible as an explanation. But it could just as easily have been a deliberate fraud, making the Rooskies spend millions trying to track down info on a nonexistent project. Stan 16:06, 6 March 2006 (UTC)

Shouldn't this article be linked to the articles on the alleged U.S. Air Force "Aurora" aircraft? I've thought for years that Testor actually got lucky and was speculating on the Aurora which forced the Air Force to reveal the F-117A in order to deflect the discovery.

Evidence that F-19 was skipped
According to http://www.designation-systems.net/usmilav/missing-mds.html, the designation F-19 was definitely skipped. The evidence for this comes from the information below:

The facts are documented by several letters exchanged between various USAF/DOD offices during the process of requesting and assigning the F-20A designator to Northrop. On 28 October 1982, HQ Aeronautical Systems Divison, USAF (apparently handling the F-5G program for the Air Force) wrote a letter to the USAF Standards Branch to request a new model number for the F-5G on behalf of Northrop Corporation. To quote the relevant part (remarks in [brackets] are by me):

1. In mid 1981, Northrop Corporation's Intermediate Export Fighter candidate was designated the F-5G. Since that time, the F-5G has incorporated substantial changes in structure, engine and aircraft systems. Northrop Corporation believes these changes would be best reflected by a model designation change from F-5G to F-20A, "Tigershark". Northrop's reason for specifically requesting the model 20 designation is that being an even number series [sic], it would be unique in the foreign market which typically sees odd numbered threat designators (MIG 19; MIG 21; MIG 23).

On 1 November 1982, this request was in turn forwarded by the Standards Branch to USAF HQ in the Pentagon for approval. However, it was clearly stated that the designation should be "F-19A" instead, to follow existing regulations:

1. The attached request [see quote above] is forwarded for your consideration and approval of a new Mission-Design-Series (MDS) designator.

2. MDS designator F-5G was approved for Northrop's Intermediate Export Fighter candidate in May 1981. Based on the information contained in the subject letter, the aircraft has been changed sufficiently from the original F-5G configuration to warrant assignment of a new MDS as requested.

3. Our records indicate that -19 is the next number available for assignment in the "F" series and to comply with AFR 82-1 paragraph 3f we feel that F-19A should be assigned to this aircraft.

4. The popular name "Tigershark" has not been approved at this time and should not be listed in DODL 4120.15 [DOD's official listing of approved aerospace vehicle designations] until an MDS has been assigned to this aircraft. We will take action to obtain approval of the popular name when an MDS has been established.

5. Our recommendations for entry into DODL 4120.15 are as follows:

a. [MDS] F-19A b. [Manufacturer] Northrop c. [Popular Name] unassigned [...]

(The copy of the letter has a hand-written note at the bottom, saying "Dissapproved [sic] See F-20A folder".)

On 17 November 1982, HQ USAF approved the F-20A designation (but not yet the Tigershark name), apparently ignoring the Standards Branch's advice, and introduced the misleading "confusion with MiG-19" phrase:

1. Redesignation of the Northrop Corporation's intermediate export fighter from F-5G to F-20A is approved. Substantial changes in design and capability warrant a different basic design number. Northrop's concern for potential confusion with the MIG-19 in their foreign markets is a sound basis for bypassing that number.

2. The assignment of the popular name "Tigershark" is being worked through public affairs channels. [...]

3. Please advise ASD and Northrop of the F-20A designation and the status of the popular name request.

Major cleanup mar 2007
I cleaned up the article, removing speculation and other stuff that did not belong. This includes links to peoples' modeling sites which don't belong in an article like this. --Chuck Sirloin 14:21, 26 March 2007 (UTC)

F-19
I was told that the designation "F-19" was temporarily used for the F-111 Aardvaark during it's development.

I was also told that had the X-13 Vertijet gone into production, it would have been the F-13 Fighter.

I heard that the F-21 Aggressor designation was for the IAI Kfir, a modded French Mirage fighter.

The YF-23 Black Widow was supposed to become the F-23 Stealth Advanced Technology Fighter.

I heard the US Navy did not want the number F-17 because it was considered bad luck.

The Ancient Romans believed it to be unlucky like 13 is now.

Supercool Dude 13:54, 18 July 2007 (UTC)

The reason there was no f-17 was because the YF-17 never went into production -G4raider

National Geographic
I recall an issue of National Geographic from early '80 or '81 where they published 'blueprints' of the design that later became the Testors F-19 model. I no longer have the issue in question, and I cannot recall if mention is made about where that design originated, but it might be worth tracking down to add to this article.Rickremember (talk) 21:26, 19 March 2008 (UTC)

Propose to deletion, Sep 2015
The explanation (MiG-29) to placate society was present in previous versions of the article. For example: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=F-19&oldid=98010824

Quite strange proposition to delete. These words don't change the subject of F-19 presence in society and its mass reaction in 1980s.

I have removed the prod tag from, which you proposed for deletion. I'm leaving this message here to notify you about it. If you still think the article should be deleted, please don't add the prod template back to the article. Instead, feel free to list it at Articles for deletion. Thanks!

Assessment comment
Substituted at 14:52, 29 April 2016 (UTC)

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A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the. —Community Tech bot (talk) 16:59, 31 March 2021 (UTC)
 * Monogram 172 F-19 Stealth Fighter-white.jpg

I remember that model, but it does differ from the Testor design, considerably.... however, the article is about the F-19, and although the Testor design in probably more recognized, this version is relevant to article... i have a toy, very similar to the Testor design, but I am not sure how to add images and information to an article, and I need to take a better picture of it.... but I did upload a snapshot.... this is the link to the 800px

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/F-19_ERTL_diecast_toy.jpg/800px-F-19_ERTL_diecast_toy.jpg

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the. —Community Tech bot (talk) 21:16, 30 November 2021 (UTC)
 * Monogram 172 F-19 Stealth Fighter-white.jpg

title: Talk:F-19


text:
Continuous design

Evolutionary design, continuous design, evolutive design, or incremental design is directly related to any modular design application, in which components can be freely substituted to improve the design, modify performance, or change another feature at a later time.

Software architects and software developers should use "fitness functions" to continuously keep the software system in check.

Informatics
In particular, it applies (with the name continuous design) to software development. In this field it is a practice of creating and modifying the design of a system as it is developed, rather than purporting to specify the system completely before development starts (as in the waterfall model). Continuous design was popularized by extreme programming. Continuous design also uses test driven development and refactoring. Martin Fowler wrote a popular book called Refactoring, as well as a popular article entitled "Is Design Dead?", that talked about continuous/evolutionary design. James Shore wrote an article in IEEE titled "Continuous Design".

Industrial design Project
Modular design states that a product is made of subsystems that are joined together to create a full product. The above design model defined in electronics and evolved in industrial design into well consolidated industrial standards related to platform concept and its evolution.

title: Continuous design


text:
File talk:Yellowhat.jpg

YELLOW? Is it my monitor, or am I colourblind?

I see green as well Alexbuirds 16:07, 15 April 2006 (UTC)

title: File talk:Yellowhat.jpg


text:
Category:Bluegrass songs

Songs in the bluegrass genre.

title: Category:Bluegrass songs