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Talk:2005 Atlantic hurricane season/Archive 4

Navy Images
Are those satellite photos on the Navy site public domain? If they are, we could really use to post some of them to replace all these terrible pictures we got in the article now.

E. Brown, Hurricane enthusiast - Squawk Box 05:55, 14 August 2005 (UTC)

 * The Navy is part of the U.S. Government. All U.S. Government works are public domain. -- tomf688  14:46, August 21, 2005 (UTC)

We could use some of those pictures. They are quite good, most of them.

E. Brown, Hurricane enthusiast - Squawk Box 00:36, 23 August 2005 (UTC)

Estimates
I can't think of any better place to put this where it will capture people's attention. For the tables that are on the Atlantic season hurricane pages dating back to I believe 1995, which have the season's strongest storm, the number of storms, when the first storm formed and last storm dissipated, etc, there's been a disagreement over the figures which should be on the strongest storms. Originally, E. Brown went through and used the figure rounding to the nearest 5 for knots to convert into exact mph figures. Me and Golbez protested this, as there's nothing that makes the (rounded) knot figures more reliable than the exact mph figures that were converted. Golbez went and changed them back. However, RattleMan went and changed them back again, so I figured before I change them back yet again I figured that we should see what everyone's opinion on this is. There's a big argument under "estimates" on me, Golbez's, and E Brown's talk pages, to get a better idea of it. What's everybody's opinion on this? bob rulz 06:18, August 22, 2005 (UTC)

 * Use what the NHC gives you - that's the official word from the official folks. You have to start with the "knots" readings, as those are what the NHC uses to create everything else. The archives on Unisys and the best track analysis on the NHC site all use knots, so make that your starting point. After that, yes, NHC gets a rough MPH reading and rounds it to the nearest five, but that's what's official and what should be used. HURDAT (warning, huge file) has the official MPH figures for the post-analysis track of all the storms through 2002. The Great Zo 16:02, 22 August 2005 (UTC)

NHC vs TPC
What is the structure of the National Hurricane Center? Is the Tropical Prediction Center part of it? Or vice versa? Is it the ONLY component of the NHC? Are the TPC and NHC one and the same, or is one a subdivision of the other? --Golbez 22:38, August 29, 2005 (UTC)

The National Hurricane Center is comprised of two parts: the Tropical Prediction Center: they are the most public group. They deal with issuing warnings, compiling reports (I.E post season reports, monthly summeries, tropical weather outlooks and discussions, etc.), informing the public and government officials, giving public statements, and, of course, updating the website.

the Tropical Analysis Forcast Branch (or TAFB): They are the big brains of the operation (not to suggest that the TPC is stupid by anyone's standards). They analyze data coming in from satellites, Hurricane Hunters, radar stations, etc. and interpret it to see what it means. They also run the hurricane track and intensity models that reside in the NHC (there are several). They report their findings to the TPC in high-tech meterological lingo and the TPC translates it into plain English and issues it in the advisories. Our friend James Franklin works in the TPC. Shadow forecasters like Cobb, for example, probably work for the TAFB and they peek their heads into the discussions and advisories sometimes to add a little note on the side occationally.

E. Brown, Hurricane enthusiast - Squawk Box 01:57, 30 August 2005 (UTC)

Thanks :) --Golbez 17:17, August 30, 2005 (UTC)

Cleanup
I cleaned up the Talk section, it was 106kb big. I added an August archive for pre-Katrina stuff in August, a Katrina-specific archive since it generated so much talk, and a Records archive specifically to discuss all the records set this season.

I tried to add the right-justified TOC template to eliminate the gigantic space the long TOC makes. I do have one question... is the Saffir-Simpson template really necessary in each individual hurricane season? If so, can we make a simplified one that doesn't take quite so much space? --Kitch 18:07, 30 August 2005 (UTC)

 * I think it's useful for this one for the duration, so people can get a quick glimpse. I reverted the TOC right because the whitespace is useful; otherwise it all jumbles together. --Golbez 18:23, August 30, 2005 (UTC)

 * We replace the Saffir Simpson table with the Infobox Hurricane season after the season is over.

 * E. Brown, Hurricane enthusiast - Squawk Box 22:02, 30 August 2005 (UTC)

Should we have a place to put the predictions for the season and have all the prediction material go there? -- 204.228.23.141 16:04, 31 August 2005 (UTC)

Vandalism
It appears that 203.84.188.86 went on a vandalism spree. I had to revert quite a bit to get rid of it all and I think I put all the valid posts back on. I apologize if I missed yours. --Holderca1 01:58, 3 September 2005 (UTC)

 * Yea. on September 1, I was looking up Katrina and it said "people in the South suck anyways". Fableheroesguild 02:18, 3 September 2005 (UTC)

 * I hate it when people do stupid stuff like that. --Bladeswin 03:54, September 3, 2005 (UTC)

Unit Conversions
Just to clear up any confusion that might arise, the NHC's raw data is measured in knots and thus converted into mph and km/hr for public advisories. This conversion combined with rounding may make it appear that the NHC miscalculated while converting their units. A recent example was with T.S. Lee. The NHC public advisory stated that the storm was moving at 10 mph (17 km/hr). The conversion from mph to km/hr is roughly 1 mph = 1.6 km/hr. It appears that there was an error involved in the conversions. But if you calculate based on the raw numbers, which at that time, the storm was moving at 9 knots. Converting 9 knots you get 10.4 mph and 16.7 km/hr, rounding to whole numbers gives you 10 mph and 17 km/hr. For the raw data in knots, look under the Forecast/Advisory and perform the calculations. If there is an error in the numbers, then feel free to make an edit to correct it, otherwise there would be no way to know which of the numbers to change. Using the example above, would you change the numbers to read 10 mph and 16 km/hr, or change it to 11 mph and 17 km/hr? To prevent any future editing wars, check the numbers using the knots in the Forecast/Advisory. I hope this clears up any confusion. --Holderca1 13:03, 1 September 2005 (UTC)

Non records under record
I am not happy with the sentence: "Two tropical storms formed in June, five formed in July, five formed in August and none so far in September." appearing under "Records". Only the 5 in July is a record and that is included later. I am going to move this sentence to the summary at the top. —Preceding unsigned comment added by C-randles (talk • contribs) 18:08, 1 September 2005 (UTC)

 * Actually I have problems with some of the "records" listed under there as well. The statement regarding Katrina being the 4th most intense storm is not a record, perhaps a change of the name of the section is in order? --Holderca1 18:13, 1 September 2005 (UTC)

 * Records and Rankings? --Bladeswin 00:28, September 2, 2005 (UTC)

 * I would go along with that or "Records and Notable Rankings". 4th most intense storm certainly seems notable enough to me but I wouldn't want to see the section littered with things like 17th strongest that hit Mexico and the United States during August in a leap year.... crandles 12:41, 2 September 2005 (UTC)

 * The really bizarre thing is that there are wikipedians with access to the data and enough cussedness to actually figure out what the "17th strongest that hit Mexico and the United States during August in a leap year" actually is and post it here! Naraht 13:15, 2 September 2005 (UTC)

 * No worries, this isn't a leap year. ;-) --Holderca1 21:23, 2 September 2005 (UTC)

Global Warming link
"Those who believe in global warming argue that increased hurricane activity is one of the side-effects. "

is not true because: 1. some people believe in global warming but think increased hurricane activity is due almost entirely to other causes, eg R Pielke Jr. 2. There does not seem to be a good link with frequency but there is good correlation between intensity and Sea surface temperatures.

I am removing this. crandles 12:34, 2 September 2005 (UTC)

 * Good. Leaving global warming entirely out of the article is a great idea - nothing but speculation in either direciton on anyone's part. We should leave the article to the facts :) The Great Zo 16:03, 2 September 2005 (UTC)

Science is just speculation? Lilath

 * I agree that science is not just speculation. However I don't think it is right to include that theorized sentence in the summary of the season. Perhaps a heading further down the page with something like:

Relationship with Global Warming

There has been some discusion of whether Global Warming is reponsible in part for increased hurricane activity. Virtually all climatologists seem agreed that you cannot attibute a single event like Katrina to global warming. Attempts to correlate hurricane frequency with sea surface temperatures have failed to find statistically significant correlation. Part of the reasons for this could include that global warming could change wind shear so that hurricanes are less able to form.

Recently Kerry Emanuel published a paper that found a good correlation between hurricane intensity and sea surface temperatures. Correlation does not prove causation. However, the issue here is more about whether global warming has caused the increased sea surface temperatures. It is possible that a sea surface temperature increase is due to Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation ("AMO"). Kerry Emanuel found the recent temperature increase was outside the range of previous oscilations. So, both a natural cycle (the AMO) and anthropogenic forcing could have made roughly equally large contributions to the warming of the tropical Atlantic over the past decades, with an exact attribution impossible so far.

Source and further details

crandles 23:29, 2 September 2005 (UTC)

 * I think this section would be more appropriate in the tropical cyclone article rather than this particular season, unless you plan on adding it to every above average season. --Holderca1 14:42, 4 September 2005 (UTC)


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Nothofagus dombeyi

Nothofagus dombeyi, Dombey's beech, coigue, coihue or coigüe (from Mapudungun koywe) is a tree species native to southern Chile and the Andean parts of Argentine Patagonia. It is a fast-growing species that can live in a wide range of climatic conditions, and forms dense forests. It is cultivated for its timber, and as an ornamental subject.

The shadow produced by stands of Nothofagus dombeyi is an important factor that keeps the air around streams cool and with relatively low daily temperature variations.

Description
It can become a large tree, up to 45 m high and 1.9 m in diameter. One tree, felled by a storm in 1954, reportedly measured 2.55 m in diameter at the height of a man's chest and a total volume, including the branches, of 87 m³.

The coihue usually has elegant branches which are flattened horizontally. The leaves are evergreen, small (25–40 mm long and 10–16 mm wide), thick, coriaceous (leathery) and lustrous, dark green, with toothed borders and an acute apex; they have a very small, rounded and rhomb-shaped petiole. The tree is hermaphroditic; male and female flowers are grouped in the same tree, and pollen is spread by wind action. The flowers, measuring less than 5 mm, are insignificant. The fruit is a triangular nut measuring about 4–7 mm.

Etymology
The name of the tree is often spelled coigüe (reflecting the common Spanish pronunciation with an epenthetic g). Other related trees named coihue are the Coihue de Magallanes (Nothofagus betuloides), and the Coihue de Chiloé (Nothofagus nitida).

The Latin specific epithet dombeyi honours the French botanist Joseph Dombey (1742-1794).

Distribution and habitat
Nothofagus dombeyi is found from 35 to 45° South latitude between 700 and 1,200 m above mean sea level. It forms dense forests such as those found in the Los Alerces and Nahuel Huapi national parks. It thrives in low hills with gentle slopes, being very demanding of water and soil; the largest forests are found on south-facing slopes, and the healthier specimens tend to grow on the banks of rivers and lakes. It sometimes forms mixed forests with Araucaria araucana (monkey-puzzle) trees, for example in the Villarrica National Park in Chile.

Uses
Coihue timber is considered excellent. In Argentina its exploitation is limited by the presence of the best forests within national parks. The wood is bright grayish white; the heartwood is a pale pink-white, which darkens after cut. Its texture is very fine and makes it easy to work with. It has a beautiful engraving, is semi-heavy, hard, durable and decay resistant. It is used in furniture, barrels, floors and building.

Nothofagus dombeyi has been introduced as an ornamental tree for parks and large gardens in the British Isles where it has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. It has also been introduced to the North Pacific Coast of the United States. It requires an acid pH soil which is fertile and reliably moist. Young plants need shelter from cold winds; however mature specimens are hardy down to -15 C.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Nothofagus dombeyi


text: User talk:84.9.93.88

title: User talk:84.9.93.88


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Gorden Tallis

Gorden James Tallis (born 27 July 1973), also known by the nickname of "Raging Bull" for his on-field aggression, is an Australian former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1990s and 2000s. He is currently a commentator and pundit for the Fox Sports network.

A Queensland State of Origin and Australian international representative second-row forward, he captained both these teams as well as the Brisbane Broncos with whom he won the 1997, 1998 and 2000 Grand Finals, after starting his career with the St. George Dragons in Sydney. At the peak of his career Tallis was considered as the best forward in the world and in 2008 was named in an Indigenous Australian rugby league team of the century.

Background
Tallis was born in Townsville, North Queensland on 27 July 1973. There he played for the Centrals Tigers club. Tallis' father Wally played rugby league briefly for Leigh in the 1960s, and was the captain of an Indigneous rugby league team that toured New Zealand in 1972.

According to The Courier-Mail in 2021, Tallis identifies as an Indigenous Australian through his paternal ancestry. Tallis' mother is white.

Tallis addressed speculation about his ethnic background in his 2003 autobiography Raging Bull: "People ask me about my ethnic background. Newspapers pick me in their 'fantasy' Indigenous and Aboriginal sides. To tell the honest truth, I haven't worried too much about it. An auntie of mine did some research and she found that my great-grandfather came from North Western Ambrym in Vanuatu and my great-grandmother was from Loh Island in the Torres Strait [sic]. All we were ever told in my family was that we were Australians. My dad was born in Townsville and his dad was born in Bowen, so that makes us Australian and we’re proud of it. I have played in one Indigenous side though, the Redfern All Blacks, who won the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander tournament in 1992. That was some side. We had Choc Mundine who was about 17, Tricky Trindall who was 25, and Wes Patten who was 19. People might have read a bit into me playing in that tournament but to me it was just a chance to play some footy with my mates."

Aboriginal activist Stephen Hagan interpreted this as meaning that Tallis does not claim to be an Indigenous Australian. Confusion may have come from the fact that Loh Island is located within the Torres Islands of Vanuatu, not Australia's Torres Strait Islands.

Tallis is also understood to have Tongan ancestry.

St George Dragons
Tallis moved to Sydney to make his first grade debut in the Winfield Cup premiership for St. George on 29 August, 1992, aged 19. In 1992 Tallis played for NSW City under 19s and NSW Under 19s. He was a reserve in St George's 1993 grand final loss to Brisbane. Tallis was used to bad effect off the interchange bench during the 1994 season and also made his representative debut for the Queensland side in the final two State of Origin series games that year. In 1995 he was included in the Tongan squad for the 1995 World Cup but had to withdraw due to injury.

When the proposed Super League competition was put on hold in 1995, Tallis offered to buy out the final year of his contract with St George in order to join the Broncos. The Dragons declined the offer however, and subsequent court action held him to his original contract. Having already signed a Super League contract to play with Brisbane, the fiery North Queenslander caused controversy when he was the only player who chose to sit out the 1996 season rather than play a final year with St George. After having made 54 appearances for the Dragons, he left Sydney.

Brisbane Broncos
Tallis returned to the game with the Broncos for the 1997 Super League season and was the most dominant forward in the competition, which culminated in Brisbane's crushing 26–8 win over the Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks in the Telstra Cup grand final. In addition to representing Queensland in the Super League Tri-series competition, he made his international debut in the 1997 post season's Super League Test series against Great Britain, playing at second-row forward in all three matches.

In 1998 Tallis returned to St. George for the first time since his acrimonious split with the Saints and was pelted with garbage and insults and was loudly booed every time he touched the ball before his try secured a 30–18 victory. Brisbane went on to capture another premiership with Tallis scoring a try and winning the prestigious Clive Churchill Medal as the best and fairest player on-field in the club's 38–12 1998 NRL grand final win over the Canterbury Bulldogs. Tallis made his Australian Kangaroos Test debut in the second match of the Trans-Tasman series.

He continued his great personal form when chosen for the ANZAC Test in 1999 and spearheaded Queensland's State of Origin campaign in a historic tied series. However, the season ended with Brisbane's failure to defend its premiership and Tallis was ruled out of October's Tri-Nations competition because of injury.

2000 saw him score a try in Australia's 52–0 thrashing of New Zealand in the ANZAC Test, but after being sent off in the opening State of Origin match for verbally abusing referee Bill Harrigan, Tallis suffered the ignominy of a whitewash defeat (his public admission that the 'dead' third match of the series should be cancelled was a momentary lapse in judgment that may have indirectly contributed to the Blues' 56–16 win). If Tallis' stature as the most dominant forward in the game wasn't secure following Brisbane's 14–6 win over the Roosters in the 2000 NRL grand final, his four tries in Australia's 82–0 humiliation of Papua New Guinea before the 2000 World Cup, and his selection as Australian captain for the match against Russia (which resulted in a record 110–4 victory) did. In 2000, Tallis also received the Australian Sports Medal. Following Australia's World Cup victory, Tallis and teammate Shane Webcke wrote an open letter to players appealing for an end to scandalous behaviour amongst footballers which had been tarnishing the sport.

Captaincy
Having won the 2000 NRL Premiership, the Broncos traveled to England to play against 2000's Super League V Champions, St Helens R.F.C. for the 2001 World Club Challenge, with newly appointed captain Tallis playing at second-row forward in Brisbane's loss. Tallis captained a rookie Queensland team in the 34–16 win over New South Wales in the opening match of the 2001 State of Origin series and was named man-of-the-match. Soon after, he suffered a career-threatening neck injury in a club match against the Manly-Warringah Sea Eagles which revealed a spinal condition that required corrective surgery. While Tallis' season was over (despite the smokescreen of his naming on the Broncos' interchange bench for the club's preliminary final) he made a strong return to football in 2002. It was in the deciding match of the 2002 State of Origin series that Gorden Tallis performed a famous tackle on Blues fullback, Brett Hodgson, dragging him several metres and eventually tossing him out of the field of play like a rag-doll. Tallis' reaction later of giving the one-finger salute to a section of the crowd, right behind the northern try-line where Dane Carlaw's series-tying try was scored, became a major after-match talking point. Tallis gained some sympathy when it was revealed that he was objecting to an offensive sign about his mother. But many again raised questions about his capacity to captain Australia with debate raging over the choice between Tallis or Andrew Johns to succeed Brad Fittler. Days later Johns was chosen to lead the Kangaroos in the July Test against Great Britain. Tallis scored a try in Australia's 64–10 win in that match and was later named Test leader (in Johns' absence) for the one-off Test against New Zealand in October, which Australia also won 32–24.

At the end of 2003, Tallis, who was expected to lead Australia on the 2003 Kangaroo tour announced his retirement from representative football, but continued playing with the Broncos. In 2004 he started to feel more affected by his neck injury and took heed of the warning signs his body was emitting. He played his last official match in the 2004 semi-final for the Brisbane Broncos, fittingly in his hometown of Townsville, against the Cowboys, which the Broncos lost. At the time of his retirement, he held the Broncos' club record of most career tries for a forward.

During the 2007 season at the Broncos' 20-year anniversary celebration, the club announced a list of the 20 best players to play for them to date which included Tallis.

In 2010 Tallis was inducted into the Broncos official Hall of Fame.

Accolades
Clive Churchill Medal: 1998

Dally M Second Rower Of The Year: 1999

Indigenous Team of the Century: 2008

NRL Team of the 1990s: 2003

Post-football career
In 2005 Tallis was appointed as one of News Ltd's members on the NRL board, replacing John Brass but stood down from the role in 2008, amid speculation that he will join the coaching staff of Catalans Dragons. He was a director on the board of the North Queensland Cowboys, a role he had to relinquish when he joined the South Sydney Rabbitohs as a forwards coach. He was brought in by Russell Crowe to add his knowledge and aggression to the team. Tallis commentates games for Fox Sports, as well as providing written columns for newspapers. Tallis has made his views on fighting clear on the Fox Sports broadcasts of Rugby League, stating that if a fight erupts, "he would run in, you would run in, we would all run in, because it's your mate getting bashed".

During the 2010 NRL season after it was announced that South Sydney Rabbitohs head coach John Lang would be retiring, incoming replacement coach Michael Maguire from the Wigan Warriors announced that Tallis' services as forwards coach were no longer required.

In 2016, Tallis was immortalised with a Gord-e-moji emoji keyboard, in the same vein as his contemporary Kim Kardashian's "Kimoji". The app was developed for iOS by Devotion Digital in Sydney, with plans to roll out an Android version later in 2016.

In 2018, Tallis was inducted into the Australian Rugby League Hall of Fame.

In August 2019, Tallis called for the NRL to relocate Sydney teams and called crowds at Sydney games as "Embarrassing". Tallis went on to say “Could the NRL put in some key performance indicators to move one of the Sydney teams?, It’s got to go on fans,” he said. “It’s got to go on filling a stadium. It’s got to go on people wanting to watch you, coming through the gate to pay to watch your brand, your style of football, Roosters are on top of the table and count their fans with a fork to get their numbers up, There’s nothing worse when you watch a game of footy and there’s no one there, you get embarrassed".

Gorden Tallis co-hosts Triple M Radio Brisbane's sports segment where he regularly amuses listeners with nonsensical opinions on the game and being the chief instigator of personal beef among the crew.

title: Gorden Tallis


text: User talk:70.156.25.119

title: User talk:70.156.25.119


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Bantu Holomisa

Bantubonke Harrington Holomisa (born 25 July 1955) is a South African politician. He is a member of parliament for and president of the United Democratic Movement. and the current Deputy Minister of Defence.

Holomisa was born in Mqanduli, Cape Province. He joined the Transkei Defence Force in 1976 and had become a brigadier by 1985.

Holomisa forced the resignation and exile of Prime Minister of Transkei George Matanzima in October 1987 and overthrew Matanzima's successor, Prime Minister Stella Sigcau in a bloodless coup d'état in December 1987. Holomisa then became the head of government of Transkei from 1987 to 1994, upon which Transkei was reintegrated into the "new" South Africa and Holomisa joined the African National Congress (ANC).

National politics
In 1994 Holomisa was elected to the National Executive Committee of the African National Congress, and was the Deputy Minister of Environment and Tourism of South Africa.

Expulsion from the ANC
Holomisa testified to the Truth and Reconciliation Commission that Stella Sigcau should be investigated for corruption. Holomisa stated that Sigcau was involved in accepting bribes from South African hotel and casino magnate Sol Kerzner when she was minister of public enterprises in the Transkei government of George Matanzima. Instead of investigating the accusations of corruption the ANC accused Holomisa of bringing the party into disrepute. Holomisa then also accused the ANC of also accepting funds and kickbacks from Kerzner. The ANC then expelled Holomisa on 30 September 1996. Deputy president Thabo Mbeki was instrumental in pushing for Holomisa's expulsion and recommended that there was no need to investigate Sigcau for corruption even though the circumstances of Sigcau accepting money from Kerzner were not in doubt.

Founding of the UDM
Holomisa co-founded the United Democratic Movement (UDM) in 1997 with former ANC executive member John Taylor and Roelf Meyer, and was elected to parliament in 1999.

Holomisa and the UDM supported a motion of no confidence in President Jacob Zuma on several occasions, including on 8 August 2017.

Personal life
Holomisa supports South African football club Kaizer Chiefs, for whom he declared his love in an interview with Radio 702 in 2015.

title: Bantu Holomisa


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Pseudoscientific metrology

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was Keep. R e  dwolf24  (talk) 00:11, 30 August 2005 (UTC)

Pseudoscientific metrology
Finish a VfD submission from Rktect. No vote, see below for thoughts on the article. Ken talk 00:48, August 23, 2005 (UTC)

 * Comment: This is an excellent example of failure to even attempt NPOV. The article title displays a definite POV, and the body displays a different POV. If it were entirely up to me, I would rename the article to something like Historical Metrology, and set out both sides of the debate, being careful to maintain a balance between the sides.
 * For those just tuning in, the debate is, basically, whether all current systems of weights and measures can be traced directly back to a set of African or Middle Eastern measurements of antiquity. Part of this is whether the source society knew enough about geometry to base their measurements on something as arcane as a degree, one 360th part of a circle. There are reasoned arguments on both sides. Side questions include accuracy of the ancient measurements, which ancient society was the theoretical donor, and a bunch of things I'm leaving out intentionally.

 * Ken talk 00:48, August 23, 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete This page Pseudoscientific metrology is full of original research, ie; it consists entirely of opinion and speculation, and is full of phrases like ("seems to have been"). What it has for cites or references do not support that any of its allegations are true.
 * The article is a polemic against the anti metric movement which is attacked at least three times in the course of a page because it "spurred further activity".
 * It doesn't say what the activity was, but then goes off on a tangent to allege "many different" unspecified "theories" have a "common theme" and attempts to associate the anti metric movement with the French Acadamie of Sciences, Jean-Adolphe Decourdemanche, August Oxé, Livo C. Stecchini, John F. Neal, Alexander Thom and his ideas about a Megalithic yard.
 * Additionally this article engages in several other unsubstantiated attacks which have no basis in fact and taken as a whole is essentially patent nonsense. Rktect 01:01, August 23, 2005 (UTC)

 * Strong Keep. Woah, woah, woah, are we looking at the same article here? What I see is strongly sourced and very well written. I don't see any real OR problems here; certaintly this seems like an excellent article. Sdedeo 02:36, 23 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Comment: I originally wrote this, and I will thus not cast a vote. I can easily see much room for improvment in POV bias in the wording. It is also a problem, like for other areas of pseudoscience, that the ideas of Stecchini et al has largely been ignored by the scientific community. But the real issue is how Wikipedia should treat claims like:
 * The ancient units of measure of Mesopotamia and Egypt (dating from several thousand years BC) are directly defined by the circumference of the Earth.
 * All ancient systems of measurement were built on each other, and exact definitions existed that related them
 * There exists a Megalithic Yard. It can be directly linked to the Mesopotamian measures
 * Etc. I guess if this is to be accepted and described as bona fide science then Wikipedia is not what I though it was. -- Egil 03:22, 23 August 2005 (UTC)

Lets get the terms straight. Cranks are people who write pages like that, full of opinion and speculation but notably short on real scientific knowledge, references, cites and even specific objections.Rktect 06:31, August 27, 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment. Is the Megalithic Yard truly pseudoscience? Or is it just controversial? The article makes it seem "weakly controversial". In physics there is a pretty clear delineation between controversial and pseudoscience, and the wiki articles reflects that in phrases like "widely considered psuedoscience" or "considered controversial" etc. etc. You might want to retitle the article here however. Sdedeo 03:30, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, rename to something less obviously slanted. There is extensive precedent in WP to document widespread, well-known crankery. Wile E. Heresiarch 03:40, 23 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Rename as per Ken and Wile E. Heresiarch --Apyule 05:21, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete and Move to BJAODN. freestylefrappe 05:19, August 23, 2005 (UTC)
 * Rename & Rewrite The concept itself seems noteable enough Fornadan (t) 09:11, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Renane & Rewrite. The concept is noteworthy, but the presentation could be better. --Agamemnon2 09:24, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Possibly rename. Needs some work, but seems to a good start. --GraemeL (talk) 11:26, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Rewrite and merge with metrology as historical context. This material also needs citations; it's not biased if it cites good authority as to why these theories are wrong. --Tysto 14:23, 2005 August 23 (UTC)
 * The problem is that it 'doesn't' cite good authority as to why these theories are wrong. It speculates, opines and expects you to agree that well obviously they must be wrong without any proof. That is what makes a thing pseudo science in the first place.Rktect 16:07, August 26, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, probably rename, rewrite to NPOV. Interesting and valid topic. Rename to what? I don't like "historical metrology," that's too nonspecific and neutral, i.e. there could be and I expect there is a valid "historical metrology" but this isn't it. This would seem to be closely related to Pyramidology. More so than to metrology, I'd say, but of course that's my own POV showing. Maybe the title could reflect this somehow. (Actually our articles on Pyramidology and Pyramid power seem to be very thin, don't they?) Dpbsmith (talk) 14:29, 23 August 2005 (UTC)

so labeling what people have learned about measurement "pseudoscience" or "pyramidology" seems pretty weird.Rktect
 * How could you rewrite this to NPOV without deleting everything it says? As an architect I consider measuring, weighing and judging based on the evidence to be the very essence of science

 * Keep Dottore So 16:42, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge The article seems chronologically organized and - imply a causal relationship between the described different "metrologies", with a supposed revival or rediscovery by Mr. Heath. culminating in connecting everything to the Megalithic Yard.
 * Google   seems to indicate that proponents of this "science" don't call themselves metrologist, so metrology should be dropped from the name. pseudoscientific is sort-of POV and should be dropped. therefore:
 * Remove all unnecesary info and put historical info where it belongs. for instance put The circumference of the Earth under Spherical Earth if found accurate.
 * Rewrite extensively
 * Merge with Megalithic Yard
 * especially the introduction is lacking. -- Zanaq 19:05, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment: I beg to differ on two accounts:
 * Over-use of terms like metrologist and geometer are typical indicators of bs.
 * The Megalithic-Yard-believers are just one fraction. There are many others. What about this beauty? So I think merging with MY is not good. I would also hate seeing this stuff merged with metrology. Also, historic meterology is plain misleading. This is pseudoscience, but a more NPOV term can be found, like alternative. I'd rather call a spade a spade, however.
 * -- Egil 20:13, 23 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Keep and possibly rename. It is useful to synthesize the various more-or-less heterodox theories positing hidden uniformities in ancient measures.  The article could of course use more work, but every article can. I am not sure what a good title would be, though. --Macrakis 21:39, 23 August 2005 (UTC)

Inspired by some of the last few weeks incidents, I've collected various material on Pseudoscientific metrology. I'd appreciate it if you would review it. -- Egil 12:17, 7 August 2005 (UTC) I've also posted this request: Wikipedia:AMA_Requests_for_Assistance#Pseudoscientific_attack. -- Egil 14:43, 8 August 2005 (UTC) A pseudoscientific attack: that's exactly what seems to be happening here. I'll have a look at your page. Splitting Ancient weights and measures article was a good idea. I'd been thinking of doing that myself. Jimp 8Aug05 Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_talk:Jimp" copied into the record by Rktect 16:16, August 27, 2005 (UTC) Thanks Rktect. I'm sure this will be very useful. Jimp 28Aug05
 * Strong Keep - Call a spade a spade. Calling pseudoscience what it is not POV ladened, it's simply being honest.  Changing it to Historical or Alternative is misleading.  This stuff is what it is: pseudoscience.  If we are renaming it, let's at least keep it honest and not wishy-washy.
 * As Egil says, the megalithic yard is just part of the story so we can't move it there. We could, of course, move MY here but I don't think this is a good idea.   There is enough content in MY to warrant a seperate article.
 * It is little surprise at all that the nomination for deletion comes from our friend Rktect. Please take no offence, Rktect, I mean no personal attack.  I'm sure you fully believe in what you're claiming and think what you're doing is the right thing.
 * For those unfamiliar with what's going on: Rktect has been avidly working on many measurement articles. His contributions generally promote this one-and-the-same-system-throughout-history theory.  Before slapping the VfD tag on this article he rewrote it.  Have a look at | his version of the article. Jimp 24Aug05
 * "Pseudoscientific metrology

Zanaq 14:14, 24 August 2005 (UTC)
 * WOW that makes a lot of difference. I'm all for reverting.
 * Keep - Not necessarily under the same name. There appears to be at least some content worth salvaging. --Mysidia (talk) 03:16, 24 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep - Valid topic; it may not be over-endowed with NPOV at present but many of these lost wisdom of the ancients efforts are nonsense, we just need some references added to validate the claims made. adamsan 06:58, 24 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Danged good documentation of silliness. N (t/c) 13:19, 24 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Rktect version reinforces how good it really is. Gene Nygaard 13:38, 26 August 2005 (UTC)

Most of you seem to be saying that
 * yes it has a POV which is anything but scientific,
 * yes its mostly unrefrenced speculation and opinion,
 * yes its a polemic,
 * yes its facts are wrong,
 * but what the heck, who cares if this whole page is patent nonsense
 * as long as it calls lots of other stuff nonsense too,
 * Yes let's keep it.
 * This page speculates and loudly voices it opinion that there is a connection between Pseudoscience and Metrology but it certainly doesn't go about proving that according to any scientific method I am aware of Rktect 03:43, August 26, 2005 (UTC)
 * So, is the previous from the last point an indication that you changed your vote? -- < drini | ∂drini > 19:35, 26 August 2005 (UTC)

"Most of you seem to be saying that" but I have to admit I'm fascinated by the idea that renaming it to something NPOV Like "Facts I didn't Know" and removing the POV content from the page would not leave a single full sentence in that article. All that page evidences right now is how little its author actually knows about the scientific method.Rktect 06:16, August 27, 2005 (UTC)

 * Keep it, Rename it, Add introduction indicating that the stuff is controversial. And, what about creating a Category for Controversial matter ? Magnus, 28 August 2005

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
User talk:Championmullo

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! User:Journalist (talk • contribs)
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title: User talk:Championmullo


text: User talk:138.89.142.178

title: User talk:138.89.142.178


text:
User:Anodyne

Hi. I'm a Canadian undergraduate student at the University of Toronto. I'm currently in my final year of a double specialist program in Pharmacology & Toxicology. I like to play guitar and read books. And surf the Internet for long periods of time.

I signed up a while back, but have only recently begun creating new articles and really getting my hands dirty.

 * My Current Wikipedia Projects
 * Editing random articles that I happen upon that require editing
 * Watching for vandalism and crappy edits on my favourite articles
 * Pharmacology and Toxicology articles

title: User:Anodyne


text:
User talk:LordManny

Welcome to Wikipedia!
Hello, welcome to Wikipedia!

Here are some tips:
 * Take a look at the Simplified Ruleset.
 * Read the Tutorial, How to edit a page and the Manual of Style.
 * Find out how to revert, move and merge pages.
 * Sign your posts on talk pages using four tildes (~~~~).
 * Add yourself to the New user log and a regional notice board
 * Ask questions at the Village pump or Help desk.
 * Use the Show preview button
 * Provide an Edit summary
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 * Create a User page
 * Be bold
 * Ignore all rules

If you feel a change is needed, feel free to make it yourself! Wikipedia is a wiki, so anyone (yourself included) can edit any article by following the  link. Wikipedia convention is to be bold and not be afraid of making mistakes. If you're not sure how editing works, have a look at How to edit a page, or try out the Sandbox to test your editing skills.

If, for some reason, you are unable to fix a problem yourself, feel free to ask someone else to do it. Wikipedia has a vibrant community of contributors who have a wide range of skills and specialties, and many of them would be glad to help. As well as the wiki community pages there are IRC Channels, where you are more than welcome to ask for assistance.

If you have any questions, feel free to ask me on my talk page. Thanks and happy editing, Alphax τεχ 00:50, 23 August 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:LordManny


text:
Daniel Viglietti

Daniel Alberto Viglietti Indart (24 July 1939 – 30 October 2017) was an Uruguayan folk singer, guitarist, composer, and political activist. He was one of the main exponents of Uruguayan popular song and also of the Nueva Canción or "New Song" of the 1960s and early 1970s.

Career
He founded, in 1971, along with other musicians like José "Pepe" Guerra, Braulio López, the music scholar Coriún Aharonián, Myriam Dibarboure, María Teresa Sande and Notary Public Edgardo Bello, the recognized independent record label Ayuí/Tacuabé in order to promote and support valuable Uruguayan musical expressions.

He performed the works of Cuban Nueva Trova stars Silvio Rodríguez and Pablo Milanés and Brazil's Chico Buarque and Edu Lobo, worked with Cuban composer and arranger Leo Brouwer. His recordings are widely available, especially "Trópicos" (1972).

Viglietti was imprisoned in 1972 by his own government. He was supported by the likes of Jean-Paul Sartre as an international man of conscience, a voice for peace, and an opponent of the military dictatorships that plagued South America in the 1970s. Rumors about possible mistreatment against him forced the authorities to bring him out in front of television cameras to show that, in particular, his hands were fine. However, Viglietti spoke out that his treatment in police custody was much better than what other political prisoners received. He was a peer of the late Chilean poet and folk singer Victor Jara and composer and activist Violeta Parra.

Discography

 * Canciones folklóricas y 6 impresiones para canto y guitarra (Antar PLP 5024. 1963)
 * Hombres de nuestra tierra (junto al narrador Juan Capagorry. Antar PLP 5045. 1964)
 * Canciones para el hombre nuevo (Orfeo. 1968)
 * Canto libre (Orfeo ULP 90.537. 1970)
 * Canciones chuecas (Orfeo ULP 90.558. 1971)
 * Trópicos (Orfeo. 1973)
 * En vivo (Le Chant du Monde. 1978)
 * Trabajo de hormiga (Music Hall. 1984)
 * Por ellos canto (Orfeo. 1984)
 * A dos voces (junto a Mario Benedetti. Orfeo. 1985)
 * A dos voces (junto a Mario Benedetti. Orfeo. 1987)
 * Esdrújulo (Orfeo, 1993)
 * A dos voces volúmenes 1 y 2 (junto a Mario Benedetti. Orfeo CDO 047-2. 1994)
 * Devenir (Ayuí / Tacuabé, 2004)
 * Nuestra bandera / Esta canción nombra (Orfeo)

Reeditions and recompilations

 * A desalambrar (EMI 16584. 1970)
 * Canciones con fundamento (Diapason DP-99330)
 * Seis impresiones para canto y guitarra (Ayuí / Tacuabé am26cd)
 * Hombres de nuestra tierra (con Juan Capagorry. Ayuí / Tacuabé am28cd)
 * Canto libre (Ayuí / Tacuabé am34cd)
 * Canciones para el hombre nuevo (Ayuí / Tacuabé am35cd)
 * Canciones chuecas (Ayuí / Tacuabé ae212cd. 1999)
 * Trópicos (Ayuí / Tacuabé ae226cd)
 * A dos voces (con Mario Benedetti. Ayuí / Tacuabé ae238cd)
 * Esdrújulo (Ayuí / Tacuabé ae312cd)
 * Trabajo de hormiga (Ayuí / Tacuabé ae334cd. 2008)

title: Daniel Viglietti


text:
User talk:Dungodung/Tasks

This is just a hypothetical page. So, to quote one of the most beloved policemen: Move along, nothing to see here! -- Dungo ( talk ) 00:51, 23 August 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Dungodung/Tasks


text:
User talk:GENick403

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome!
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Orphaned non-free media (Image:Shephard.jpg)
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title: User talk:GENick403


text:
Amon Düül

Amon Düül was a West German political art commune formed out of the student movement of the 1960s that became well known for its free-form musical improvisations. This spawned two rock groups: Amon Düül (sometimes referred to as Amon Düül I) and the more famous Amon Düül II. After both groups disbanded in the 1970s, some of the original members reunited in the 1980s under the name Amon Düül again, though this incarnation is commonly referred to as Amon Düül UK to avoid confusion with earlier versions of the band.

Origins
Amon Düül began in 1967 as a radical political art commune of Munich-based artists calling themselves, in part, after the Egyptian Sun God Amon. The word Düül originally had no intended meaning.

Led by Ulrich Leopold, Amon Düül included Ulrich's brother Peter Leopold (15 August 1945 – 8 November 2006), together with Austrian Rainer Bauer and Chris Karrer on guitars. Later, the commune would add Bauer's sister Ella, Helge and Angelika Filanda, Uschi Obermaier, Wolfgang Krischke, Falk Rogner and Renate Knaup. The commune attained underground popularity for its free-form musical improvisations, performed around the happenings and demonstrations of the youth movement at the time. The commune had a liberal attitude to artistic freedom, valuing enthusiasm and attitude over artistic ability, and as a result, band membership was fluid; anyone who was part of the commune could be part of the group. They issued a declaration: "We are eleven adults and two children which are gathered to make all kinds of expressions, also musical." A faction within the commune was more ambitious, conventional and musically structured than the commune society overall. This led to a split within the collective, and in September 1968 they performed at the Internationale Essener Songtage—Germany's first underground festival —as two groups, "Amon Düül" and "Amon Düül II", at the suggestion of drummer Peter Leopold.

Amon Düül engaged in exuberant open-ended experimentation that at times equalled their psychedelic rock equivalents in countries such as the USA or Brazil (e.g. Os Mutantes), with a focus on political activities. The members were close to Kommune 1 in Berlin and boasted, for a time, a prominent member in the model and activist Uschi Obermaier. Amon Düül signed a contract with the firm Metronome Records, and continued for seven years with varying degrees of success and in various guises. They wound down in 1973 after releasing four official albums (and a posthumous fifth), though all except one were recorded at the 1968 sessions for their debut. Apparently, the man responsible was producer Peter Meisel, who released the albums without the band's approval in an attempt to capitalise on the success of Amon Düül II. The LPs are these days regarded as unique, if unessential, records in the history of German rock. In contrast, their Paradieswärts Düül album featured a pastoral, folk-influenced sound (produced by Julius Schittenhelm). The name Amon Düül was trademarked by Chris Karrer and Peter Leopold of Amon Düül II, meaning that re-issues of Amon Düül's albums had to license the name from them.

Band members
Four of the band's five album releases consist of jam sessions recorded in late 1968 or early 1969. The musicians credited on these sessions are:

 * Rainer Bauer – guitar, vocals
 * Ulrich (Uli) Leopold – bass
 * Helge Filanda – congas, vocals, anvil, percussion
 * Wolfgang Krischke – percussion, piano
 * Eleonora Romana (Ella) Bauer – shaker, vocals, percussion
 * Angelika Filanda – percussion, vocals
 * Peter Leopold – drums
 * Uschi Obermaier – maracas, percussion

Peter Leopold joined Amon Düül II in time for their 1969 debut album; Wolfgang Krischke died around 1969, freezing to death while under the influence of LSD; and Uschi Obermaier moved on to Munich's Highfisch-Kommune (scene of Peter Green's notorious LSD experience) and Berlin's Kommune 1. Guitarist Klaus Esser then joined the band line-up in time for the "Eternal Flow" / "Paramechanical World" single recorded in June 1970:

 * Ulrich Leopold – bass, vocals, guitar, trumpet, drums
 * Rainer Bauer – guitar, vocals, bass
 * Klaus Esser – guitar, vocals, bass, drums
 * Helge Filanda – drums, vocals, guitar
 * Angelika Filanda – flute, vocals
 * Ella Bauer – harp, vocals

Rainer Bauer and Ulrich Leopold were guest musicians on one track on the Amon Düül II album Yeti released 1970, which also featured a photo of the deceased Wolfgang Krischke dressed as 'Der Schnitter' (The Harvester) or 'Der Sensenmann' (The Grim Reaper) on the album cover. On the band's final recording, Paradieswärts Düül (recorded in November and December 1970), the band were:

with guests:
 * Ella Bauer – harp, vocals, bongos
 * Lemur (Klaus Esser) – drums, vocals, rhythm and fuzz guitars
 * Ulrich Leopold – bass, vocals, piano, guitar
 * Dadam (Rainer Bauer) – guitar, vocals, lyrics, bass
 * Helge Filanda – drums
 * Noam (Angelika Filanda) – African drums
 * Hansi Fischer (from Xhol) – flute, bongos
 * John Weinzierl (from Amon Düül II) – guitar
 * Christian 'Shrat' Thiele (from Amon Düül II) – bongos

Amon Düül II and Amon Düül UK

Amon Düül II were formed by the more professionally and technically inclined members of the original collective, with core members Chris Karrer, Falk Rogner, Renate Knaup-Kroetenschwanz, John Weinzierl, and Peter Leopold. They signed to the United Artists label and released a string of highly regarded albums with strong psychedelic and progressive flourishes. After 1975, the band changed labels and moved towards more accessible music, before finally disbanding in the late 1970s.

After a spell with Hawkwind, Amon Düül II's original bassist Dave Anderson formed a short-lived band called Amon Din with drummer John Lingwood, ex-Hawkwind guitarist Huw Lloyd-Langton and John Butler in 1971–2.

At the beginning of the 1980s, Amon Düül II's John Weinzierl, with Dave Anderson and various others, began releasing albums as Amon Düül, though this band is commonly called Amon Düül UK to differentiate it from the original one. Between 1982 and 1989, they released five albums.

When the 1990s brought new exposure and audiences to the original krautrock groups, Chris, Renate, Falk and John reunited and continue to perform as Amon Düül II sporadically.

Legacy
Amon Düül and Amon Düül II influenced such bands in the late '70s as Hungarian psychedelic hardcore, 'shaman punk' band Galloping Coroners.

Amon Düül

 * Psychedelic Underground (1969, re-issued as Minnelied in 1979)
 * Collapsing/Singvögel Rückwärts & Co. (1969)
 * Paradieswärts Düül (1970)
 * Disaster (Double LP) (1972)
 * Experimente (Double LP) (1983)

title: Amon Düül


text: User talk:206.255.10.23

title: User talk:206.255.10.23


text:
Mira Costa High School

Mira Costa High School (MCHS, "Costa") is a four-year public high school located in Manhattan Beach, California that first opened 1950. It is the only high school in the Manhattan Beach Unified School District. The school's athletic teams are known as the Mustangs and the school colors are green and gold. Mira Costa is located on the corner of Peck Avenue and Artesia Boulevard.

History
Groundbreaking for the site of the school took place on May 24, 1949, for the first high school in Manhattan Beach. It was a forty-acre site that had belonged to a Japanese American landscaper who had been interned during World War II and was paid $60,000 for the land. Mira Costa High School opened on September 30, 1950. The school was dedicated by then-state superintendent of schools, Roy E. Simpson, with additional remarks made by the president of the board of trustees.

It was a part of the South Bay Union High School District until 1993, when this district was dissolved and the Manhattan Beach Unified School District (MBUSD) was formed.

School information
As of the 2016–17 school year, the school had an enrollment of 2,517 students and 98 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 26:1. There were 63 students (2.5% of enrollment) eligible for free lunch and 22 (0.9% of students) eligible for reduced-cost lunch.

Mira Costa is the only high school in the MBUSD. All residents of Manhattan Beach are eligible to attend. Residents of Hermosa Beach may choose to attend Redondo Union High School of the Redondo Beach Unified School District or Mira Costa. As of Fall 2006, Redondo Beach residents living in the 90278 zip code were allowed to attend Mira Costa.

Controversy
On June 11, 2020, hundreds of Mira Costa students and parents attended a march from Hermosa Beach to Manhattan Beach to celebrate their graduation in violation of CDC social distancing guidelines. Their actions attracted widespread negative attention from media and concerned citizens for putting others at risk during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic.

Choir program
The Mira Costa Choir Program consists of three curricular choirs, Vocal Ensemble, Choral Union (an upper voice choir), and MC voices, which meet during the school day year-round, and two small ensembles, Coterie and Mira Costa Muscle, which meet after school.

In the summer of 2010 Vocal Ensemble sang in the International Festival of the Aegean in Syros, Greece. They performed as part of the opera chorus in Carmen and were the closing choir in the Sunset Concert at St. Nicholas Cathedral on Sunday 18 July 2010.

In the Spring of 2011, all four Mira Costa Choirs performed in Carnegie Hall as part of Carnegie Hall's WorldStrides National Choral Festival. The Vocal Ensembled had the honor of performing as the featured solo choir.

Mira Costa Bands
In May 2016, the Mira Costa Bands traveled to Carnegie Hall in New York as part of a series outlining the best band programs in the country. The band had previously performed at Carnegie Hall in 2011. In 2014 the band received the Grammy Foundation Signature Schools 2014 Gold Award, which includes a grant of $5000.

La Vista
Mira Costa's student-run newspaper La Vista has been a perennial winner of silver and gold awards from the Columbia Scholastic Press Association since 1980.

Mustang Morning News
The Mustang Morning News is a student-run broadcast.

Model United Nations
Mira Costa Model United Nations is a debate team that takes part in mock debates of the United Nations. The team hosts the Los Angeles Invitational Model United Nations (LAIMUN) Conference, a novice and advanced conference held in docket-style debate. Mira Costa's team has multiple Large School Delegation awards.

Beach Cities Robotics
Costa students team up with Redondo Union High School students to create Beach Cities Robotics. The team participates in the organization FIRST (For Inspiration and Recognition of Science and Technology) as Team 294. Beach Cities Robotics has won numerous awards since starting in 1997, including 2 World Championship wins. They scored 1st place at the FRC finals in 2001 against more than 50 other teams at the event from around the country. In 2008 they won first place at the inaugural FTC World Championship. Beach Cities Robotics won the FRC finals again in 2010 as its "alliance" captain, against over 300 teams attending the World Championship, and over 1800 teams worldwide.

Volleyball team
Alix Klineman, who was named the 2005 and 2006 California Gatorade State Player of the Year for Volleyball, and the 2006 Gatorade National Player of the Year, led Mira Costa to three consecutive California State Championships, and three consecutive Southern Section California Interscholastic Federation (CIF) Championships. The Boys' Volleyball team has won the Southern Section California Interscholastic Federation (CIF) Championships in 1984, 1990, 1996, 2001, 2002, 2008 and 2012.

Recognition
Mira Costa was recognized as a Blue Ribbon school in 1996. It was named a California Distinguished School by the Board of Education in 2011 and ranked #341 nationally by Newsweek in 2015.

In 2000, 12th grade English teacher Marilyn Jachetti Whirry was selected as the National Teacher of the Year. Whirry had taught at Mira Costa in the 1958–59 academic year and then from 1967 through 2000.

In September 2010, U.S. history teacher Bill Fauver was selected as one of Los Angeles County's 16 Teachers of the Year. He was once named MBUSD Teacher of the Year.

Notable alumni

 * Milo Aukerman – Class of 1981, singer for punk rock band the Descendents
 * David Benoit - Class of 1971, jazz pianist, conductor, and composer
 * Rachel Bloom - Class of 2005, actress, comedian, and screenwriter; 2015 Golden Globes winner for Best Actress in a Comedy Series
 * Jamais Cascio - Class of 1983, author and futurist
 * Mike Dodd - Class of 1975, beach volleyball pioneer
 * Eric Fonoimoana – Class of 1988, gold medal-winning Olympian, professional volleyball player
 * Anitra Ford – actress and model, original model on The Price Is Right, 1972–1977
 * Alix Klineman (born 1989) - Class of 2007, gold medal-winning Olympian, volleyball player
 * Jimmy Lindberg - Class of 1983, co-founder of punk rock band Pennywise
 * Gavin MacIntosh - Class of 2016, model, actor in Freeform's TV series The Fosters
 * Noah Mamet - Class of 1987, US Ambassador to Argentina
 * Jill McCormick – philanthropist, activist and fashion model
 * Holly McPeak – Class of 1987, Olympian, professional volleyball player
 * Joe Moeller - Class of 1960, professional baseball pitcher, Los Angeles Dodgers (1962–1971)
 * Carrie Nugent - Class of 2002, astronomer
 * Dylan O'Brien – Class of 2009, actor in MTV's Teen Wolf and The Maze Runner movies
 * Mike Okwo – Class of 2003, professional football player, Chicago Bears
 * Dave Rat – Class of 1980, sound engineer
 * Jeff Rohrer - Class of 1977, professional football player, Dallas Cowboys (1982–1987)
 * Taylor Spivey - Class of 2009, triathlete
 * Bill Stevenson – Class of 1981, drummer for punk rock bands the Descendents, Black Flag, and ALL
 * Danny Strong - Class of 1992, actor and award-winning screenwriter (Game Change, Recount)
 * Michele Tafoya - Class of 1983, sportscaster; Emmy winner for Sports Personality-Sports Reporter
 * The Tavai brothers: Jonah Tavai (Class of 2018), Justus Tavai, Jahlani Tavai, and J. R. Tavai (Class of 2011), all football players
 * Avi Vinocur - Class of 2002, musician, member of Americana band Goodnight, Texas and occasional Metallica collaborator
 * Dewey Weber - Class of 1956, surfing pioneer
 * Marianne Sellek Wibberly and Cormac Wibberly - Class of 1982 and 1979, screenwriters

In television and film
Mira Costa High School was a common filming location for the popular television series The O.C. In 2006, a portion of the quad was used as a scene in The O.C. In 1981 portions of the film "Midnight Offerings" starring Melissa Sue Anderson were filmed on the campus. In 1979, many members of the football and cheerleading squads, attired in their green and gold uniforms, were included as extras in the film Rock 'n' Roll High School. The administration building of Mira Costa High School was used as the high school for the Disney Channel TV shows A.N.T Farm and Hannah Montana. In 2008, an episode of CSI: Miami was filmed on campus, using the pool and members of the varsity swim team as extras. In 2011, much of rapper Snoop Dogg's Mac & Devin Go to High School was filmed on campus, sparking a controversy over the characters' use of marijuana on school property and administration officials demanded that the footage not be used in the final movie.

title: Mira Costa High School


text:
User:Charlie Vansant

Charlie Vansant hosts the weekly radio program, "Charlie on the Radio - The Conservative High Ground" (broadcast from Ohio University's All Campus Radio Network), and syndicates a weekly commentary segment heard via the Podcast service on iTunes, his website, and is heard every Friday on SportsTalkNetwork on the program "Joe in the Morning."

title: User:Charlie Vansant


text:
User:Ricefigaro

Howdy.

title: User:Ricefigaro


text:
Betberg

Betberg is a small village in Markgräflerland. It lies adjacent to Seefelden to the West. It is administratively a part of Buggingen, along with the village of Seefelden.

It is the home to the Haus der Besinnung, which is a retreat center run by the Protestant church in the village. The church is one of the oldest in the region.

Betberg is in the German state of Baden-Württemberg.

title: Betberg


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Call for help/archive1

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was keep and possibly merge into distress call or distress signal. - Mgm|(talk) 12:21, August 29, 2005 (UTC)

Call for help
This is a how-to kind of article. I'm having a hard time placing it into a specific What Wikipedia is not category, but it seems inappropriate for the encyclopedia. Based on the discussions on the talk page, it would seem that I'm not the first person to feel this way. RoySmith 00:57, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Transwiki to Wikibooks. This is more or less the kind of thing they want. Fernando Rizo T/C 01:13, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect to distress signal. Secretlondon is right, it's not worth passing the buck to Wikibooks and Wile E.'s idea is a good one. Fernando Rizo T/C 04:01, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete I don't see how this can be an encyclopedia article, and it seems quite a strange article anyway - I don't think we should dump it on wikibooks. Secretlondon 01:18, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Weak Delete - There's some encyclopedic information here, but much of it is redundant. See: Emergency telephone number and 128.118.40.77 19:40, 23 August 2005 (UTC)Distress signal]]. -PlainSight 02:18, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect to distress signal. Wile E. Heresiarch 03:47, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep Remember, Wikipedia isn't paper. A little redundancy isn't such a bad thing. Someone put a lot of work into it. (If you insist on changing it, please redirect instead of deleting, so that the history isn't lost.) --Matt Yeager 08:08, August 23, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep per Matt Yeager. --GraemeL (talk) 11:32, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep as per Matt Yeager Klonimus 09:06, 27 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. one of the more interesting wikipedia articles. 193.77.153.149 12:18, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep but I think it and distress signal should merge and redirect to distress call and be revised to be less of a how-to article (the US Coast Guard requires...; the International Red Cross recommends...; the RCMP has assigned..., etc.) so I think it should stay one way or another. Assuming the consensus is to keep, I will propose this and conduct it. --Tysto 14:57, 2005 August 23 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikimedia can afford a few extra bytes to store the article.  While it might not be included in other encyclopedias, perhaps it should be.  --128.118.40.77 19:40, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * keep Trollderella 20:56, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep D. J. Bracey (talk) [[Image:Flag of California.svg|25px]] 21:53, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. It looks at least somewhat useful and several articles link to it. Optichan 22:13, August 23, 2005 (UTC)
 * keep' please seriously this is really why we have wikipedia why in the world would you ever want to erase this of all things Yuckfoo
 * Keep Rewrite to less of a "how-to"... however article is actually mildly interesting -- Ryan Norton T 10:56, 24 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep' Disclaimer: Contributor to this page. Check the number of edits - people have already voted with their fingers that this is worthwhile.  I would be in favor of collating all the first aid/CPR stuff into one place (a WikiBook, or just an organized set of WikiPages), and moving material around appropriately.  But that is a big task.  I would not be in favor of deleting the how to stuff.  Adding historical basis and rationale would be more encyclopedic, then we would have how to call for help, AND how those conventions came about. Wrolf 21:43, 24 August 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Amon Düül II

Amon Düül II (or Amon Düül 2, Pronunciation: Amon Düül) are a German rock band formed in 1968. The group is generally considered to be one of the pioneers of the West German krautrock scene. Their 1970 album Yeti was described by British magazine The Wire as "one of the cornerstones of ... the entire Krautrock movement".

Amon Düül II emerged from the radical West German Amon Düül art commune in Munich. The band's first album, Phallus Dei, was released in 1969. Amon Düül II received offers to write music for films and won a German film award, the Deutscher Filmpreis, for their contribution to the 1970 film San Domingo.

History
The band emerged from the radical West German commune scene of the late 1960s, with others in the same commune including some of the future founders of the Red Army Faction. Founding members are Chris Karrer, Dieter Serfas, Falk Rogner (born 14 September 1943), John Weinzierl (born 4 April 1949), and Renate Knaup-Krötenschwanz (born Renate Aschauer-Knaup, 1 July 1948) who, thus far, is the only woman in the band.

The band was founded after Weinzierl and the others met at the Amon Düül 'art commune' in Munich. The commune consisted mainly of university students, who formed a music group initially to fund the commune, with everyone who lived there joining in to play music whether or not they had any experience or ability. The commune split when they were offered an opportunity to record, which was boycotted by the more musically proficient members of the commune (who went on to form Amon Düül II). Recordings were made by the other members but were of very poor quality and were only released later (under the name Amon Düül) to capitalise on the success of Amon Düül II's albums. As Amon Düül II grew and personnel changed, they still remained a commune, living together as a band.

Their first album Phallus Dei ('God's Phallus'), released in 1969, consisted of pieces drawn from the group's live set at the time. By this time the line-up was built around a core of Karrer (mainly violin and guitar), Weinzierl (guitar, bass, piano), Rogner on keyboards, bass player Dave Anderson, and two drummers (Peter Leopold (born 15 August 1945) who had joined the group from Berlin, and Dieter Serfas. Renate Knaup at this point was only contributing minimal vocals but was very much part of the group. According to Weinzierl by this time "The band played almost every day. We played universities, academies, underground clubs, and every hall with a power socket and an audience". Releasing an album brought the group greater prominence and they began to tour more widely in Germany and abroad, playing alongside groups such as Tangerine Dream, and in Germany staying in other communes including the pioneering Kommune 1 in Berlin.

Their second album Yeti (1970) saw them introducing arranged compositions along with the bluesy violin and guitar jams such as the long improvised title track. The next album Tanz der Lemminge (1971) was based on four extended progressive rock suites. By this time bassist Anderson had returned to England and joined Hawkwind, to be replaced by Lothar Meid (born 28 August 1942), and the group was augmented by synthman Karl-Heinz Hausmann (Karrer had formed a short-lived group in 1966 – supposedly named 'Amon Düül O' – with future Embryo founders Lothar Meid and drummer Christian Burchard).

Still touring widely, they recorded their Live in London album in late 1972 and in 1975 signed with Atlantic Records in the US, and United Artists Records Germany and initially disbanded in 1981.

As well as their albums and live shows ADII received offers to write music for films, winning a German film award, the Deutscher Filmpreis, for their contribution to the film San Domingo.

Amon Düül II's drummer, Peter Leopold, died on 8 November 2006. A memorial service was held for Leopold in Munich, where the remaining members of Amon Düül II sang a song for him. Leopold was replaced by multi-instrumentalist Daniel Fichelscher, for many years guitarist and drummer of Krautrock group Popol Vuh. Fichelscher is not new to the group, and in fact has had a long affiliation with Amon Düül II, having played with them as early as 1972 on Carnival in Babylon.

Bass player Lothar Meid died on 3 November 2015.

Band members

 * Chris Karrer – violin, guitars, saxophone, vocals (1969–1981, died 2024)
 * John Weinzierl – guitar, bass, vocals (1969–1977)
 * Falk Rogner – organ, synthesizer, electronics (1969–1971, 1972–1975, 1981)
 * Renate Knaup – vocals, tambourine (1969–1970, 1972–1975, 1981)
 * Dieter Serfas – drums (1969)
 * Peter Leopold – drums, percussion (1969–1972, 1973–1979, died 2006)
 * Christian "Shrat" Thiele – bongos, vocals, violin (1969–1970)
 * Dave Anderson – bass (1969–1970)
 * Lothar Meid – bass, vocals (1971–1973, 1974, died 2015)
 * Karl-Heinz Hausmann – keyboards, organ, electronics (1971–1972)
 * Danny Fichelscher – drums, percussion, guitar (1972, 1981)
 * Robby Heibl – bass, guitar, violin, vocals (1973, 1975)
 * Nando Tischer – guitar, vocals (1975)
 * Klaus Ebert – guitar, bass, vocals (1976–1979)
 * Stefan Zauner – keyboards, synthesizer, vocals (1976–1979)
 * Jörg Evers – bass, guitar, synthesizer (1981)

Legacy
Amon Düül II influenced such bands in late 70s like Hungarian psychedelic hardcore 'shaman punk' band Galloping Coroners.

title: Amon Düül II


text:
ǃKung languages

ǃKung   (ǃXun), also known as Ju, is a dialect continuum (language complex) spoken in Namibia, Botswana, and Angola by the ǃKung people, constituting two or three languages. Together with the ǂʼAmkoe language, ǃKung forms the Kxʼa language family. ǃKung constituted one of the branches of the putative Khoisan language family, and was called Northern Khoisan in that scenario, but the unity of Khoisan has never been demonstrated and is now regarded as spurious. Nonetheless, the anthropological term "Khoisan" has been retained as an umbrella term for click languages in general.

ǃKung is famous for its many clicks, such as the ǃ in its name, and has some of the most complex inventories of both consonants and vowels in the world. It also has tone and nasalization. For a description, see Juǀʼhoan. To pronounce ǃXuun (pronounced in Western ǃKung/ǃXuun) one makes a click sound before the x sound (which is like a Scottish or German ch), followed by a long nasal u vowel with a high rising tone.

Names
The term ǃKung, or variants thereof, is typically used when considering the dialects to constitute a single language; Ju tends to be used when considering them as a small language family. ǃKung is also sometimes used for the northern/northwestern dialects, as opposed to the well documented Juǀʼhoan dialects in the south(east); however speakers of nearly all dialects call themselves ǃKung.

The spellings ǃXun and ǃXuun seen in recent literature are related to the Juǀʼhoan form spelled ǃXʼu(u)n in the 1975 orthography, or ǃKu(u)n in current orthography. Additional spellings are ǃHu, ǃKhung, ǃKu, Kung, Qxü, ǃung, ǃXo, Xû, ǃXû, Xun, ǃXung, ǃXũũ, ǃXun, ʗhũ:, and additional spellings of Ju are Dzu, Juu, Zhu.

Speakers
If the ǃKung dialects are counted together, they would make the third-most-populous click language after Khoekhoe and Sandawe. The most populous ǃKung variety, Juǀʼhoan, is perhaps tied for third place with Naro.

Estimates vary, but there are probably around 15,000 speakers. Counting is difficult because speakers are scattered on farms, interspersed with speakers of other languages, but counts 9,000 in Namibia, 2,000 in Botswana, 3,700 in South Africa and 1,000 in Angola (down from perhaps 8,000 in 1975).

Until the mid–late twentieth century, the northern dialects were widespread in southern and central Angola. However, most ǃKung fled the Angolan Civil War to Namibia (primarily to the Caprivi Strip), where they were recruited into the South African Defence Force special forces against the Angolan Army and SWAPO. At the end of the Border War, more than one thousand fighters and their families were relocated to Schmidtsdrift in South Africa amid uncertainty over their future in Namibia. After more than a decade living in precarious conditions, the post-Apartheid government bought and donated land for a permanent settlement at Platfontein, near Schmidtsdrift.

Only Juǀʼhoan is written, and it is not sufficiently intelligible with the Northwestern dialects for the same literature to be used for both.

Varieties
The better-known ǃKung dialects are Tsumkwe Juǀʼhoan, Ekoka ǃKung, ǃʼOǃKung, and ǂKxʼauǁʼein. Scholars distinguish between eleven and fifteen dialects, but the boundaries are unclear. There is a clear distinction between North/Northwest vs South/Southeast, but also a diverse Central group that is poorly attested.

Heine & Honken (2010)
classify the 11 traditionally numbered dialects into three branches of what they consider a single language:

 * ǃKung
 * Northern–Western ǃXun
 * Northern ǃXun
 * (N1) Maligo (ǃxuun, kúándò ǃxuun "Kwando ǃXuun"; SE Angola)
 * (N2) ǃʼOǃKung (ǃʼo ǃuŋ "Forest ǃXuun"; eastern C Angola)
 * Western ǃXun
 * (W1) — (ǃxūún, ǃʼālè ǃxòān "Valley ǃXuun"; Eenhana district, N Namibia)
 * (W2) ǀʼAkhwe (ǃxūún, ǀʼākhòè ǃxòān "Kwanyama ǃXuun"; Eenhana, N Namibia)
 * (W3) Tsintsabis (ǃxūún; Tsintsabis, Tsumeb district, N Namibia)
 * (K) Kavango ǃXuun (ǃxūún, known as dom ǃxūún "River ǃXuun" in Ekoka; Western Rundu district, N Namibia, & Angola adjacent)
 * Central ǃXun
 * (C1) Gaub (Tsumeb district, N Namibia)
 * (C2) Neitsas (Grootfontein district, N Namibia)
 * tentatively also the Tsintsabis, Leeunes and Mangetti (different from Mangetti Dune) dialects
 * Southeastern ǃXun
 * (E1) Juǀʼhoan (ju-ǀʼhoan(-si); Tsumkwe district, N Namibia, & Bots adjacent)
 * (E2) Dikundu (ǃxun, ju-ǀʼhoa(si); Dikundu, W Caprivi)
 * (E3) ǂKxʼauǁʼein (ju-ǀʼhoan(-si), ǃxun, ǂxʼāōǁʼàèn "Northern people"; Gobabis district, E Namibia)

state that speakers of all Northwestern dialects "understand one another to quite some extent" but that they do not understand any of the Southeastern dialects.

Sands (2010)
classifies ǃKung dialects into four clusters, with the first two being quite close:

 * ǃKung
 * Northern ǃKung: Southern Angola, around the Cunene, Cubango, Cuito, and Cuando rivers, but with many refugees now in Namibia:
 * ǃʼOǃKung
 * Maligo
 * North-Central ǃKung: Namibia, between the Ovambo River and the Angolan border, around the tributaries of the Okavango River east of Rundu to the Etosha Pan:
 * Tsintsabis
 * Okongo
 * Ovambo
 * Mpunguvlei
 * ǀʼAkhwe (Ekoka)
 * Central ǃKung: The area around Grootfontein, Namibia, west of the central Omatako River and south of the Ovambo River
 * Southeastern ǃKung: Botswana east of the Okavango Delta, and northeast Namibia from near Windhoek to Rundu, Gobabis, and the Caprivi Strip:
 * Tsumkwe
 * Omatako
 * Kameeldoring
 * Epukiro.

ǂKxʼauǁʼein was too poorly attested to classify at the time.

Snyman (1997)
A preliminary classification of the !Xũũ and Žuǀ'hõasi dialects by Snyman (1997):

 * ǃKung
 * Southern (Žuǀʼhõansi)
 * Epukiro Žuǀʼhõansi is bounded by the Omuramba Otjozondjou, stretching along the Omuramba Epukiro and north of the Sandfontein Omuramba up to Ghanzi in Botswana.
 * Tsumkwe Žuǀʼhõansi is spoken east of 20° longitude from the Omuramba Otjozondjou up to the Kaudom Omuramba and extending to Samagaigai in the west and 22° longitude in Botswana.
 * Rundu Žuǀʼhõansi presumably occurs south of the Okavango river from Rupara south-eastward to Ncaute and then north of the Omuramba Kaudom.
 * Omatako Žuǀʼhõansi consists of a northern dialect probably stretching from Ncaute southwards up to ca. 100km South of Karakuwisa, and a southern dialect extending southwards to include the tributaries of the Omatako, viz. the Omambonde, Klein Omatako and Gunib. The dialects are probably spoken in an area about 40 km wide along the river. According to the map in Westhpal (1956), the upper reaches of the Gunib Omuramba as well as the Omuramba Otjozondjou, i.e. the area between Okozonduzu Omazera and Blignaut, was Haillom territory. This area roughly lies on the watershed between the Omatako and the Otjozondjou which served as a natural boundary between the Epukiro and Omatako Žuǀʼhõansi.
 * Central (!Xũũ)
 * Grootfontein !Xũũ is found in the district to the north-east, east and south-east of the town of Grootfontein.
 * Tsintsabis !Xũũ is restricted to the North-eastern part of the Tsumeb district and adjacent areas in the western and eastern Mangetti.
 * Okongo !Xũũ is found in the Okongo, Olokula, Ekoka and Otyolo area of Northeastern Owambo.
 * Northern (!Xũũ)
 * Mpungu !Xũũ occurs in the Tondoro and Mpungu area of the north-western Kavango and presumably in adjacent areas in Angola. This dialect clearly forms a transition from Okongo !Xũũ to the other dialects of the Northern dialect cluster. Cuando/Quito !Xũũ presumably belonged in the area between these rivers.
 * Quilo/Cubango !Xũũ presumably belonged in the area between these rivers.
 * Cubango/Cunene !Xũũ presumably belonged in the area between these rivers.

Proto-language
The ancestral language, Proto-Juu or Proto-ǃXuun, had five places of click articulation: Dental, alveolar, palatal, alveolar lateral, and retroflex. The retroflex clicks have dropped out of Southeastern dialects such as Juǀʼhoan, but remain in Central ǃKung. In ǀʼAkhwe (Ekoka), the palatal click has become a fricated alveolar.

title: ǃKung languages


text:
Alice in Hell

Alice in Hell is the debut studio album by Canadian thrash metal band Annihilator, released on April 17, 1989 through Roadrunner Records. This was the only Annihilator album for ten years to feature Randy Rampage on vocals, until he returned for their seventh studio album Criteria for a Black Widow (1999).

Album information
Although the album's insert lists five members, Annihilator was a three-piece (Randy Rampage, Jeff Waters and Ray Hartmann) at the time of its recording in 1988. In addition to guitar, Waters provides bass and backing vocals on the album, produced it and wrote all the songs, with the exception of "Crystal Ann". Although Anthony Brian Greenham and Wayne Darley are noted on the album's insert as playing guitar and bass respectively, this was a mistake and they did not join Annihilator until after Alice in Hell was finished; Darley does, however, provide backing vocals on the album. Waters has explained in interviews the reason Greenham and Darley were listed in the credits was at the behest of Roadrunner.

Alice in Hell was the first of six Annihilator albums to feature songwriting contributions from former singer John Bates, who was credited as the (co-)writer of the songs "Alison Hell", "W.T.Y.D.", "Burns Like a Buzzsaw Blade" and "Human Insecticide". Bates also co-wrote some songs on Never, Neverland (1990), King of the Kill (1994), Refresh the Demon (1996), Remains (1997) and Criteria for a Black Widow (1999).

To promote Alice in Hell, Annihilator supported Onslaught internationally on their In Search of Sanity tour, and Testament (along with Wrathchild America) in the United States on their Practice What You Preach tour. After the tour was over, the band began preparations for their next album Never, Neverland.

The title track "Alison Hell" was released as part of a DLC package for Rocksmith on April 16, 2019.

Reissues
The album was re-released twice: 1998 with three demo tracks as bonus tracks and again on September 9, 2003, in a two-disc compilation set along with Never, Neverland, entitled Two from the Vault. One of the demo tracks, "Powerdrain", serves as the base of the song "Sonic Homicide" on Annihilator's 1999 album Criteria for a Black Widow.

Reception and legacy
Alice in Hell has received mostly positive reviews. Allmusic's Eduardo Rivadavia gave it three stars out of five, and states that "Annihilator's brand of technical, thinking man's thrash metal garnered many fans with this fine debut, arguably the best release of the band's career." Adam McCann of Metal Digest referred to Alice in Hell as "a real classic thrash metal album", and wrote, "For a debut album, Annihilator blasted it out of the park, the Canadian band hit the ground running with one of thrash metal's best albums, tracks such as 'Human Insecticide', 'W.T.Y.D. (Welcome to Your Death)' and 'Alison Hell' in particular still stand tall today as thrash metal anthems as Jeff Waters demonstrated his prowess on guitar backed up by the indomitable vocals of the late Randy Rampage which drove Alice in Hell into MTV's heavy rotation."

Accolades

 * In 2014, Loudwire ranked the album the 9th best thrash album not released by the Big Four.
 * In 2015, VH1 listed the album as one of the greatest thrash debuts.
 * In 2017, Loudwire also listed the album as the 30th best thrash metal album of all time.
 * In 2020, Revolver placed it on their list of "10 Criminally Underrated 80s Thrash Albums."
 * The same year, Loudwire included the album on their list of the best debut thrash albums of all time.

Credits
Annihilator
 * Jeff Waters – lead guitar, rhythm guitar, classical guitar, bass guitar, backing vocals, producer, mixing, lead vocals on bonus demo tracks
 * Randy Rampage – lead vocals, backing vocals
 * Ray Hartmann – drums
 * Anthony Brian Greenham – rhythm guitar (credited, but does not perform)
 * Wayne Darley – bass guitar (credited, but does not perform), backing vocals

Additional personnel
 * Dennis Dubeau – lead vocals (bridge on "Alison Hell"), backing vocals ("Alison Hell")
 * Paul Blake – engineer
 * Frank Donofrio – engineer
 * Victor Dezso – photography
 * Chris Gehringer – remastering
 * Satoshi Kobayashi – reissue design
 * Len Rooney – logo, cover art
 * Recorded and mixed at Live West Productions, Fiasco Bros. Studios, New Westminster, Canada

title: Alice in Hell


text:
Talk:Alice in Hell

YouTube links
This article is one of thousands on Wikipedia that have a link to YouTube in it. Based on the External links policy, most of these should probably be removed. I'm putting this message here, on this talk page, to request the regular editors take a look at the link and make sure it doesn't violate policy. In short: 1. 99% of the time YouTube should not be used as a source. 2. We must not link to material that violates someones copyright. If you are not sure if the link on this article should be removed, feel free to ask me on my talk page and I'll review it personally. Thanks. ---J.S (t|c) 04:22, 8 November 2006 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:AnnihilatorAliceInHell.jpg
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If there is other other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.BetacommandBot 20:13, 31 May 2007 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Alice in Hell


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Slender Means

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was no consensus, so keep. Bratsche talk 5 pillars 02:07, August 29, 2005 (UTC)

Slender Means
This band doesn't seem to meet the guidelines at WP:MUSIC (their first album is released tomorrow, apparently, by a record label that doesn't appear to have an article in Wikipedia). I don't know enough about the indie rock scene to know if the article is worth keeping or if this is vanity. -Aranel (" Sarah ") 00:59, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, vanity/promo, wrong side of the line. Wile E. Heresiarch 03:51, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep: 4,000 google hits, numerous reviews, disc available on Amazon. They fit WP:MUSIC by being notable in their field (indie rock).  This one just needs to be expanded. JDoorjam 04:01, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment. These guys appear to be building a reputation ie Allmusic.com article albeit a rudimentary one and some local seattle coverage. I don't know that WP:Music criteria have been met although they may well be soon. Capitalistroadster 06:24, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, for the time being. --Agamemnon2 09:27, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * And what, delete them when they're no longer not famous? --Tysto 15:01, 2005 August 23 (UTC)

 * Delete and welcome them back when they're rich and famous and can afford a PR guy to write a decent entry. --Tysto 15:01, 2005 August 23 (UTC)
 * Delete. I see no assertion of meeting WP:MUSIC.  Simply being in the "indie" category does not meet the criteria in any way I can see.  Friday (talk) 15:45, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Dottore So 16:45, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep right side of the line! Trollderella 20:56, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Abstain D. J. Bracey (talk) [[Image:Flag of California.svg|25px]] 21:53, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete I see no evidence of meeting any of WP:MUSIC. There's a chance they could be big in indie, but there's no evidence that they are, and they don't appear to be overwhelmingly important locally either. One album is insufficient in any case. -Splash 22:05, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete nn band vanity. Not notable yet.  Come back later. --  Etacar11   03:39, 24 August 2005 (UTC)
 * keep please becausde of what roadster says Yuckfoo 06:45, 24 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep Notable enough for me. Plus I always listen to the capitalistroadster... T h e St ev e  06:36, August 25, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. -- Reinyday, 08:21, 28 August 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Talk:Family Radio Service

FRS in other countries
Up to now, FRS in US, Europe, Canada, HK, Macau, China has been included. Wtshymanski suggested the addition of japan info into the paragraph, however, i'm wondering whether the 422Mhz, 421Mhz and 420Mhz band should be included in the article or not. Unlike HK and China, they don't call the 422Mhz (etc) band as FRS, and also the power output limit is very low, 0.01W. Should this info be included in this FRS article? How do you think? BurnDuck 16:54, 26 July 2006 (UTC)
 * Does anyone have a citation for U.S. -spec FRS/GMRS radios being used in Brazil? Even if I found a Brazilian web site, I can't read Portugese! --Wtshymanski 23:58, 13 August 2006 (UTC)

 * Beware of disinformation: Because of the frequencies used by FRS, none (!) of these applications are legal to operate anywhere in Europe, including the NON-EU countries!  — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2003:45:4926:5F45:650D:A018:8C79:89C3 (talk) 14:09, 15 April 2014 (UTC)

Spin out personal radio services
If we could get references for some of the other radio services, the list of UHF personal radio services around the world could easily stand as an independent article. Sadly I am illiterate in Portugese, chinese, Japanes...etc. --Wtshymanski (talk) 01:14, 24 October 2009 (UTC)
 * Well, it's spun out now...two and a half years on. See Personal radio service. I suppose what's left in here could be further summarized and condensed. --Wtshymanski (talk) 21:41, 9 March 2012 (UTC)

FRS investigation
User:Wtshymanski keeps re-adding this claim that's not supported by the given reference:

Interference to licensed services may be investigated by the FCC.

Frankly, I think the claim is wrong and should be removed, as the FCC doesn't tend to conduct investigations of this sort. But since said user is engaging in an edit war in favor of inclusion, I've re-arranged the paragraph to accurately cite the one claim, and to fact-tag this one. Please don't remove the tag without a specific reference that supports the suggestion that the FCC conducts investigations into unlicensed operation on the FRS band. 24.177.120.74 (talk) 02:45, 1 February 2011 (UTC)

 * I do not understand how anyone who has heard so much as six sentences about the FCC is not aware that part of their job is to investigate, and in some cases take enforcement action against, users of equipment that causes interference to licensed spectrum users. Perhaps that's just my bias as a longtime radio geek.... Nor do I understand why you are making such a big deal out of this one uncited claim out of many in this article, and many if not most claims in most WP articles. But whatever... I have provided a link, with a relevant quote, to the FCC page describing their Spectrum Enforcement Division. Jeh (talk) 04:09, 1 February 2011 (UTC)

 * Your appeal to common knowledge is irrelevant. Thank you for sourcing your claims in this article. 24.177.120.74 (talk) 15:51, 1 February 2011 (UTC)
 * Without common knowledge, the encyclopedia is just a collection of bits. --Wtshymanski (talk) 16:15, 1 February 2011 (UTC)
 * Are we making up pithy platitudes now? Okay, I've got one: "Without reliable sources, common knowledge is as likely wrong." 24.177.120.74 (talk) 03:03, 2 February 2011 (UTC)
 * The statement that the FCC investigates interference to licensed spectrum users no more needed citation than would a claim that local police are among those who enforce traffic tickets. That's because they're both common knowledge. The bounds of common knowledge tell us where it's worthwhile finding citations for things and where it isn't worth the time. Insisting on RS's for common knowledge is not helping the encyclopedia; it is a hindrance. Jeh (talk) 06:45, 2 February 2011 (UTC)
 * I disagree. 24.177.120.74 (talk) 09:20, 2 February 2011 (UTC)
 * @Jeh But... common knowledge among what group? Even your police analogy doesn't necessarily hold up to every group. In many countries, and even in some US municipalities, Police and traffic enforcement are two distinct and separate entities. To amateur radio operators, most of this article is common knowledge, but this, and most of Wikipedia's articles, are not designed/written with the most knowledgeable group as the target audience. We are taught to be skeptical of anything that doesn't have a source— as we should be on an open source platform such as this. This may not be an article that has much disputed information, or one that is controversial, but unsourced information is still unreliable. Citations add a degree of trust to a piece of information, they also give readers a way to follow links and get more information on a particular subject, directly from the source. 2600:8800:5015:E500:3E24:293F:F63:E05F (talk) 18:11, 1 February 2024 (UTC)

FRS devices certified for Mexico
The article as it stands suggests that a US FRS radio (that doesn't have GMRS) is legal to operate in Mexico. However, as best I have been able to determine, this is not true unless the radio carries a certification for use in Mexico (analogous to the FCC ID on a US radio). So far I have not been able to find a source for this that would meet Wikipedia standards. A good informal source for this information is Dr. Conspiracy (talk) 17:35, 4 July 2014 (UTC)

title: Talk:Family Radio Service