text:
Template talk:Ship

Initial documentation
This template easily formats wikilinks to warship articles so as to synchronize Wikipedia's article titling policy with common body-text usage. It cuts the amount of piping to a minimum, inserts italics in the appropriate place, and (arguably) makes deciphering the markup somewhat easier.

To insert a wikilink to warship, insert the below string:  PREFIX name  For example, to create HMS Vanguard (which is automatically linked to HMS Vanguard (S28)), insert  HMS Vanguard  Or, to create USS Nimitz (linked to USS Nimitz (CVN-68)), insert  USS Nimitz

The Tom 17:14, 25 August 2005 (UTC)

Main page usage
Shouldn't this template be protected, since it is transcluded onto the main page? A•N•N•A  foxlove r   hello!  20:42, 29 March 2007 (UTC)

Alternatives
You may want to use USS or HMS. They are a bit shorter to type, and now offer some (optional) flexibilty about what to display. USS Enterprise would be equal to USS Enterprise (CVN-65). It really gets shorter if you want to display the hull number, such as HMS Repulse (1916) from. HMS Repulse (1916) More reasoning on Template talk:USS. --J Clear 23:20, 22 April 2007 (UTC)

Apparently Meaningless Terminal 6
In the example USS Enterprise (CVN-65), the final '6' has meaning? If so, what?

Yours utterly baffled.--Toddy1 20:42, 27 September 2007 (UTC)

 * Option 6 looks like a feature used in HMS and USS, but not in this template. --Kralizec! (talk) 00:51, 28 September 2007 (UTC)

Feature request
The question above from got me thinking. Could someone with a better understanding of template parser functions add some of the functionality of HMS and USS into this template? Specifically I feel the following optional display control parameters would be very useful (note that #6 below works as the default on HMS/USS, while option #6 on HMS/USS works as the default on warship):

Thoughts? Suggestions? Volunteers? --Kralizec! (talk) 01:35, 28 September 2007 (UTC)

Transclusion cost/benefit?
I recently edited the Tribal class destroyer (1936) page to replace many confusing links to vessels with this template, however these were reverted shortly afterward and the editor pointed me toward the Wikipedia:Transclusion costs and benefits while noting on my talk page that this template is too taxing for server processing. Does anyone have any thoughts about this? I would argue that the benefits of standardizing and simplifying links to articles on vessels, not to mention the kilobytes saved, would trump any minuscule increase in server effort....Thanks! Plasma east 15:29, 16 November 2007 (UTC)

 * If I may make a suggestion ... bring this up at the WP:SHIPS talk page. That ways it will be seen by heaps more eyes!   --Kralizec! (talk) 15:38, 16 November 2007 (UTC)

Standardization
I've asked TomTheHand to modify this template's syntax to include the optional display parameters used in HMS, USS, and USNS. To bring this template in agreement with the others, after the change, the default output will display the prefix, name, and pennant/hull number. (This change of default output will not adversely affect existing articles, as the syntax of preexisting transclusions will be modified to produce the same output as before.) More important, of course, is that you'll be able to control display using parameters that are familiar from our other templates. Maralia (talk) 15:20, 17 December 2007 (UTC)

 * I posted the following to Maralia's talk, but figured I'd post it here too to get better exposure. Please give feedback!  Once we're all satisfied I'll copy it from my user space to here.

I've done a little work on the warship issue, but I've run into some problems. First, the good news:
 * I think this is more intuitive:
 * produces
 * It's less characters than '4=2' or 'disp=2' also. Maralia (talk) 06:07, 19 December 2007 (UTC)
 * Oooh... I didn't realize you could do that. Spiffy.  Ok, I'll copy the updated template from my user space tonight. TomTheHand (talk) 21:56, 19 December 2007 (UTC)

Change request for parameter audit
Request that the line

-->]]

be changed to read

-->]]

This modification would make no visible change to the template's operation, but helps generate a list of occurrences of HMCS undefined. Cheers. H aus Talk 19:12, 1 December 2008 (UTC)

 * Actually, please use this version of the sandbox template (less the sandbox notice). It incorporates Haus' request plus additional code for tracking the parameters USS, HMS, HMAS, and HMNZS. I have tested the code on the testcases page. This version also eliminates the text that displays on the template page that is now superfluous with the current template documentaion. — Bellhalla (talk) 20:34, 1 December 2008 (UTC)

 * Yes check.svg Done. --Kralizec! (talk) 22:46, 1 December 2008 (UTC)

Links for parameter audits
— Bellhalla (talk) 23:56, 1 December 2008 (UTC)
 * HMAS
 * HMCS
 * HMNZS
 * HMS
 * USS

Edit request
Please update the template to this version in the sandbox (less the sandbox template notice at the top). This eliminates the code snippet:

that was intended to track usage of this template with certain prefixes. Example: when USS is used as a prefix, the redlinked template is transcluded, which, in theory, allows one to determine usage (by looking at "What links here" for use ). Then the specific could be used instead of this, the more generic template. However, since and others of the same functionality already themselves call, the redlinked template is called for all uses of the prefix whether through  or  making it impossible to determine which template was invoked, and making this bit of code unnecessary and needlessly complicating many pages. — Bellhalla (talk) 17:35, 26 January 2009 (UTC)

 * Done, though if you look at the source code, does the sandbox notice need to be removed as well? Thanks, Woody (talk) 17:52, 26 January 2009 (UTC)

 * Yes, it should. :) — Bellhalla (talk) 17:58, 26 January 2009 (UTC)

 * Done, regards, Woody (talk) 18:18, 26 January 2009 (UTC)

Another edit request
Please replace this second line of the template code: This will add the capability for optional output with the ship prefix unlinked. This is useful for situations where the prefix is of the sort like "Japanese battleship". So if the desired output is: one will be able to type: rather than: The new optional parameter is a named (vs. numbered only) parameter and should not affect any uses of the template unless explicitly invoked. Thanks. — Bellhalla (talk) 17:46, 18 February 2009 (UTC)
 * Japanese battleship Yamato
 * ✅, regards, Woody (talk) 18:15, 18 February 2009 (UTC)
 * Wow. That was fast. Thanks, Woody. — Bellhalla (talk) 18:18, 18 February 2009 (UTC)

Ignore leading/trailing spaces in parameters
An editor recently accidentally put a space before the second parameter, as in. This resulted in an extra space being put between "battleship" and "Musashi." While I realize that the error is easily correctable, it would seem desirable to have the code self-correct such errors. Would it be possible for this template to ignore leading spaces in parameters? Mamyles (talk) 22:15, 5 March 2015 (UTC)

Module:WPSHIPS utilities
@DePiep: Sometime ago I wrote some Lua code in Module:WPSHIPS utilities:

it fixed the up bug:

and does a better job of error reporting than the current live version:

You might want to have a look and perhaps implement that module function. I think that all that it is missing is categorization.

—Trappist the monk (talk) 11:58, 28 February 2018 (UTC)
 * I see. I've noted (written down) several more quirks to look at. - DePiep (talk) 12:03, 28 February 2018 (UTC)
 * Thanks for pointing me to this. This is my opinion: sure the template should use this Lua module in the long run. However, as of today the module needs more development and full testing. But currently I don't have the time & resources to dive into this. I propose this:
 * 1. I finalize edits & tests in the /sandbox, then announce it (at this talkpage), to go live in a few days.
 * 2. Any time after this, someone can finalize and test the module code, then switch to Lua by proper process.
 * The point is, I am almost done editing & testing code, and using a refined parsing version does no harm. Especially not wrt switching over to the module any time later. -DePiep (talk) 10:54, 1 March 2018 (UTC)

 * FWIW: there are two types of template: ship including HMS shortcuts, and MV which has its own code (as have all the propulsion templates SV, SS, SV, SP, MY, MS). There is also the Sclass set. -DePiep (talk) 14:57, 2 March 2018 (UTC)

Sclass

 * Zumwalt-class destroyer does not use a template in its lede. -DePiep (talk) 23:50, 2 March 2018 (UTC)

Slashing MS into M/S
For the record. The module should notice (functional change).

 * I have turned into calling regular  code . As those other 50,  shortcuts do.

 * Next to I have created M/S. The slash alters the label (what shows), but not the target page. There are seven slashed prefix templates like this.

Before today, the slash was a extra numbered option in (8, 14). Now, even follows the 1–6 label options. And the tracking categories. No backlog usage existing (all previous usages of such 8 and 14 have been edited). -DePiep (talk) 22:20, 16 March 2018 (UTC)

Proposed template changes
I propose to make the following changes to Ship. See also the /testcases. Please don't feel intimidated by this brick of text ;-). Most of it is quite obvious, also I tried to demo it etcetera. Please comment below.

Useful links and language

 * See /testcases
 * Prefix shortcut templates: found ~50 ; WPSHIPS shortcut templates is incomplete and possibly outdated.
 * Tracking categories, new. (Both, while in test phase, are not used. They will be populated when this goes live -- for mainspace pages only) :
 * Wording:
 * page, label (targetpage and wikilabel): parts of the wikilink
 * 1: prefix ("HMS")
 * 2: name ship's name ("Invincible")
 * 3: disambiguator, like: hull number, year of launch, ... ("H75")
 * 4: format setting. Options: (blank), (omitted), 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
 * 3: disambiguator, like: hull number, year of launch, ... ("H75")
 * 4: format setting. Options: (blank), (omitted), 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6

Content

 * C1 (format=4): When format 4: no error, no message, treat as default ((blank)). IOW: treat as regular option, no exception calling in /documentation. See demo.
 * C2 (format=5): When no name is used in the label, then don't add brackets to hull number (format code 1 vs 5).
 * Also: in these cases, show hull number (ID) in italics (See by Trappist the monk).
 * {|class=wikitable style="font-size:90%"

! id ! Template usage ! Current result ! Sandbox version
 * format=none (basic)
 * HMCS Kootenay
 * HMCS Kootenay (H75)
 * format=1 (italics)
 * HMCS Kootenay
 * H75
 * H75
 * format=5 (changes)
 * HMCS Kootenay
 * HMCS (H75)
 * HMCS H75
 * }
 * HMCS Kootenay
 * HMCS (H75)
 * HMCS H75
 * }

 * C3 (no subst): Remove option " "
 * 1. Many of the shortcuts do not apply it (do not pass through), so they fail to subst with ugly result.
 * 2. subst is counterproductive: we loose the tracking of that ship.

 * C4 (page parameter): Add new parameter page. It will overwrite as target page, label formatting unchanged. Allows to solve any link-vs-formatting issue, that is: formatting job still usable, without having to evade the template. IOW: another ship's name catched for tracking, instead of an editor going handcoding ;-)See demo. withdrawn, see s.

 * C5 (nolink): Not in sandbox, asking for opinions only: Add option "Do not wikilink, format as instructed" (new options 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16). This invites the editor to use standard formatting throughout, and allows us to track more ships. Would yield "HMCS Kootenay (H75)": well-formatted, not linked, and tracked through . Opinions?

 * C6 (hull number missing): When 3 was required and missing, the message "Hull Number Missing" appeared in the article. This message is removed (and the page is categorised)

 * {|class=wikitable style="font-size:90%"

! Row id ! Template usage ! Live version ! Sandbox version
 * format=1
 * HMCS Kootenay
 * HMCS Kootenay
 * format=3
 * HMCS Kootenay
 * HMCS Kootenay
 * format=5
 * HMCS Kootenay
 * HMCS Kootenay
 * }
 * format=5
 * HMCS Kootenay
 * HMCS Kootenay
 * }
 * }
 * }

 * Please below

Maintenance

 * Use (new and dedicated)
 * Also lists warnings (that is: to be checked, not an error per se).
 * Warning/error types result in sort values (no name=N; foo=U, etc.).

 * No error message inline (see 4 change)
 * up: when yes, y, 1, true, prevent repeating the prefix (remove waring from documentation).
 * Track & edit ambiguous option foo

 * Tracked:
 * up Should be yes/y/1/true; no means no; +categorise when unclear like foo
 * 4 Was: "Invalid Optional Parameter" error message. Now: returns the default (<blank>, and categorise
 * (omitted), (blank), 1,2,3,4,5,6, otherwise categorise
 * (missing): ship's name missing, categorise
 * (missing) AND 1,3,5: ship's (disambiguator) missing while explicitly asked for, categorise
 * (used) New parameter, track to check

 * Use (new and dedicated) (See tests)

 * Adjust documentation (and remove two elaborate distracting warnings).

 * Please below

Postponed
This is a first sweep of easy checks and changes, the low hanging fruit. In the near future, Module:WPSHIPS utilities could be finalised and used (see also above). It can introduce smarter checks. For example:
 * Error checking: returns redlink (expensive)?
 * Error checking: returns DAB page (expensive)?
 * Any true logic on missing parts (when is "HMS D123" identifying and so missing name is no error)?
 * Can hardcoded prefix variants, like MV, be brought under ?
 * Use more specific error categories

 * -DePiep (talk) 14:35, 1 March 2018 (UTC)

Comments
I have these thoughts and comments: I have these thoughts and comments: —Trappist the monk (talk) 18:34, 1 March 2018 (UTC)
 * 1) I have changed the pseudo heading 'Links and language' to an actual heading
 * 2) move to  so that WPSHIPS error categories are similarly named
 * 3) Good point about format control value ; WP:NCSHIPS says that ship names that consist of prefix and hull number italicize the hull number (as if the hull number were a 'name') so:
 * should render as:
 * HMCS H75
 * 1) I concur that this template should not be subst'd
 * 2) I'm not sure that I see much benefit in page. We have redirects that do the same thing in a standardized way.  I don't see a need to astonish readers when they land on HMS Belfast (C35) when they click HMCS Kootenay (H75).
 * 3) providing a way to render an unlinked output seems sensible; perhaps with the generically common no
 * 4) for the format control value, the template currently renders 'Invalid Optional Parameter' linked to the ship article; the text we not 'No hull number' as described in §Maintenance
 * 5) There being rather more page watchers at WT:SHIPS, you might consider posting a notice there.
 * 1) There being rather more page watchers at WT:SHIPS, you might consider posting a notice there.
 * At §Maintenance, this is wrong:
 * 4 Was: "No hull number" error message. Now: returns the default (<blank>, and categorise
 * should read:
 * 4 Was: "Invalid Optional Parameter" error message. Now: returns the default (<blank>, and categorise
 * —Trappist the monk (talk) 13:29, 2 March 2018 (UTC)

Please stop editing my posts. I have extracted your replies below. —Trappist the monk (talk) 15:01, 2 March 2018 (UTC)

 * Are you serious? How do you expect me reply to an 8-threaded post? You think readers/editors really gonna solve the puzzle which-reply-belongs-to-which-number? I say this: leave my replies alone, they are replies (not edits to your post). -DePiep (talk) 22:03, 2 March 2018 (UTC)

 * Below are my replies to the User:Trappist the monk post. Against Talkpage convention, Trappist the monk set them apart so they are made senseless this way. - DePiep (talk) 22:15, 2 March 2018 (UTC)

 * I took the pattern from, but I will change this if it is supported. -DePiep (talk) 14:37, 2 March 2018 (UTC)
 * Linking to Belfast is just an extreme example, incidentally HMCS Kootenay (H75) already links to a redirect (to another name). This parameter is useful when the article name does not follow the pattern, like Spray (sailing vessel). -DePiep (talk) 14:37, 2 March 2018 (UTC)
 * OK. This is for format 1 and 5 then? - DePiep (talk) 14:37, 2 March 2018 (UTC)
 * There may be cases where it is desirable to link just the hull/pennant number though I'm not sure what those cases might be. Regardless, I don't think that   should render a stand-alone hull/pennant number in italics.  My comment above was only for   which should comply with WP:NCSHIPS.
 * —Trappist the monk (talk) 15:32, 2 March 2018 (UTC)
 * Will add that one. Using the same parameter looks easier when copy/pasting the code. - DePiep (talk) 14:37, 2 March 2018 (UTC)
 * Then, perhaps instead of format codes –, prefix (or suffix) the code with a hyphen:
 * renders as:
 * HMCS H75
 * But, neither of these 'solutions' will work for the default no-format-code condition which then suggests that no is the correct parameter.
 * —Trappist the monk (talk) 15:32, 2 March 2018 (UTC)
 * OK. Changed. -DePiep (talk) 14:24, 2 March 2018 (UTC)
 * But, neither of these 'solutions' will work for the default no-format-code condition which then suggests that no is the correct parameter.
 * —Trappist the monk (talk) 15:32, 2 March 2018 (UTC)
 * OK. Changed. -DePiep (talk) 14:24, 2 March 2018 (UTC)

 * I have withdrawn the proposal to "add page" that would allow linking to a non-systematic ship's article title. It appears that using 3 (hull number, aka disambiguation term) nicely covers wikipage DAB pagenaming, while option format=2 can show the clean label form. I understand that is no need or possibility for this form: article title has no -DAB needed, but label wants to show the hull number? Like:  ❌. - DePiep (talk) 14:19, 6 March 2018 (UTC)

Result

 * -- ready to go live. Todo: adjust documentation. - DePiep (talk) 01:23, 9 March 2018 (UTC)

 * ✅. Could use a red error warning in . - DePiep (talk) 16:37, 10 March 2018 (UTC)

 * Warning in Preview: added. - DePiep (talk) 18:37, 16 March 2018 (UTC)

Created: tempaltes that add a slash: M/S
I have created a set like M/S next to existing MS. shows a slashed prefix (the target page stays unslashed).

Before, this could be done by using format code 8 or 14 in. Now, both templates use the standard set of format options (numbers 1–6).

 * use MS: MS Antenor (1957)
 * use M/S: M/S Antenor (1957) (Target page unslashed: [[MS Antenor (1957)]])
 * When the target pagename has a "/" slash, use Ship:
 * Target: [[S/Y Manitou]]
 * Use:  → S/Y Manitou

The template pairs are:
 * MV, MS MY RV SV SY
 * M/V, M/S M/Y R/V S/V S/Y

- DePiep (talk) 18:29, 16 March 2018 (UTC)

Unlink option?
Is there an unlink option? This would be useful where the name is to appear in section headings. In many cases, the name is then repeated in the following body text and the normal use of the template, and link, occurs there. Having an unlink option would allow both appearances to be made with (almost) the same wikitext, unlike at present where one is hand-coded and formatted. Andy Dingley (talk) 11:35, 29 July 2018 (UTC) PAGE ]]) 13:40, 30 July 2018 (UTC) PAGE ]]) 14:18, 30 July 2018 (UTC) PAGE ]]) 14:22, 30 July 2018 (UTC) PAGE ]]) 15:47, 30 July 2018 (UTC)
 * prepared in sandbox: no → unlinked & same format. See /testcases and /testcases2. OK?
 * Asking to add safesubst to the sandbox (Yesno is added in two places).
 * When live & stable in Ship, the prefix shortcuts like can get the pass-through for wl (see HMS/sandbox). - DePiep (talk) 13:25, 30 July 2018 (UTC)
 * Yes check.svg Done --Ahecht ([[User talk:Ahecht|TALK
 * This template must always be substed when used in section headings because links from watchlists and article histories to section headings that contain templates do not work.
 * —Trappist the monk (talk) 13:50, 30 July 2018 (UTC)
 * OK. no can also be used in inline, when a ship's name is repeatedly used. - DePiep (talk) 14:08, 30 July 2018 (UTC)
 * Is safesubst working correct now? I have added some code (in the sandbox),  (twice). If I understand   well, these  additions need some   code too. I refer to your edit . - DePiep (talk) 14:08, 30 July 2018 (UTC)
 * Square bracket open, Square bracket close, and main other aren't substable, so I didn't bother fixing it. One of the dependent templates isn't substable. I will work on it a bit and see if I can figure it out. --Ahecht ([[User talk:Ahecht|TALK
 * I got it mostly working, but main other will still show up when substed. --Ahecht ([[User talk:Ahecht|TALK
 * I did one final update, and it should subst cleanly now. Let me know if you see any other issues. --Ahecht ([[User talk:Ahecht|TALK
 * Thanks for cleaning this up. - DePiep (talk) 10:38, 31 July 2018 (UTC)

Template making all subsequent text small
All pages invoking this template appear to be causing the rest of the text on the page to appear as small. Look on any page (including this talk page) to see that all of the text that follows an invocation of the template becomes small. I doubt this behavior is intended; any chance it can be fixed? Sheahunter1 (talk) 04:56, 18 August 2018 (UTC)
 * Try purging your browser and see if that helps. I had the same problem, and it seems to have solved the issue for me. See Purge for more information. However, I don't know if purging is a permanent solution or not. - BilCat (talk) 05:33, 18 August 2018 (UTC)

 * The problem has been resolved. It appears to be an issue with the "Close Square Bracket" template (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Square_bracket_close&diff=855421939&oldid=855419715). 2601:601:1001:E120:4C16:D71C:9F09:C2DB (talk) 06:16, 18 August 2018 (UTC)
 * Red information icon with gradient background.svg Not done: No changes necessary. Enterprisey (talk!) 07:53, 18 August 2018 (UTC)

Template-protected edit request on 2 August 2019
Please amend the template to nowrap the ID parameter in the link text output. This is particularly necessary for hull numbers of American ships, in cases such as, in which a line break may be unsuitably placed immediately before "731". —  RAVEN PVFF  · talk · 15:36, 2 August 2019 (UTC)
 * ✅ — JFG talk 16:47, 9 August 2019 (UTC)

Redirects to sections
If an invocation of ship results in a redirect which redirects to a section of an article, then clicking the link takes the reader to the top of the article, not the specified section. For example: DH85868993 (talk) 03:26, 24 June 2024 (UTC)
 * ISS Enterprise (NCC-1701) is a redirect to Starship Enterprise.
 * But if you click the link produced by ISS Enterprise (= ISS Enterprise), it takes you to the top of Starship Enterprise, not the nominated section. Can this be remedied?
 * ✅ (by ) DH85868993 (talk) 13:58, 24 June 2024 (UTC)

title: Template talk:Ship


text:
Wikipedia:Featured picture candidates/Libration of the Moon

Libration of the Moon

This is a striking animated image--created by Tom Reun using NASA/USGS images--that illustrates an effect few people know about (including myself until reading its source article, Libration).

 * Nominate and support. - CapeCodEph 17:14, 25 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Very cool picture, but presented uglily. As I pointed out on the talk page, there's a skip in the dark period (It just looks black on this CRT, but it moved a lot more smoothly when I removed a few frames on my LCD at home.)  Also the borders and cross in the middle and fonts should be cleaned up.  — Omegatron 17:41, August 25, 2005 (UTC)
 * Here is what I think it should look like: User:Omegatron/libration. Remove all of the text except the time (images should have as little text as possible), remove the crosshairs, remove the Windows borders, and fix the skip in the animation.  — Omegatron 23:05, August 25, 2005 (UTC)
 * Agreed, Omegatron. I've contacted the image creator in hopes of making your suggested changes. CapeCodEph 01:03, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Interesting, most definitely. Is there a higher resolution image available? Phoenix2 18:43, August 25, 2005 (UTC)
 * Higher resolution would be good, too. — Omegatron 23:05, August 25, 2005 (UTC)
 * Support - Phoenix2 19:13, August 27, 2005 (UTC)
 * Support. Very good! Thelb4 07:46, 5 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Remove the crosshair and resolve the skipping animation, and this is an excellent candidate, imho. -- RyanFreisling @ 19:24, 25 August 2005 (UTC)
 * I love this one and will give my support when voting starts - Adrian Pingstone 20:24, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Awesome. I think the crosshairs make the type of motion clearer. Elf | Talk 21:13, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * For me, it's one of the best ever pictures I got in touch in Wikipedia, if not the best. Svest 22:08, August 26, 2005 (UTC) Wiki me up™
 * Oppose. Although I really like it, i think the animation is too fast. Maybe if it were a slower animation I would find it less distracting. --ScottyBoy900Q ∞  03:20, 27 August 2005 (UTC)
 * This could be used to create a better version: The Solar System Discovery Kit. You can see that the path of the sun actually moves up and down over time, too.  So one cycle is not the same as the next.  — Omegatron 04:15, August 27, 2005 (UTC)
 * I really liked the image, and the idea. Here's an animation I did using a solar sim. It's 1.2 mb in size, and has a tiny hiccup (caused by the very observation above) but it's an illustration of what's good (and bad) about a plainer approach. It currently has no shadow calculation applied, so the moon's phases are not visible. It's slow until it finishes loading, necessitating an optimized version (if folks here find it valuable, I'll get to it :)
 * See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Libration-noshad2b.gif
 * Right to high-res version: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/e/e6/Libration-noshad2b.gif
 * The Libration of the Moon, roughly Jan 13-Feb 12 2005 -- RyanFreisling @ 04:19, 28 August 2005 (UTC)

CapeCodEph 21:14, 28 August 2005 (UTC)
 * support -- Chris 73 Talk 07:55, August 28, 2005 (UTC)
 * Support Interesting subject and the video composition is fairly unique for POTD Kerowyn 10:18, 5 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Okay, cleaned it up a bit, re-formatted the time to UTC, and updated the caption to include lost information. CapeCodEph 11:04, 28 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Support several times over. This new version is fantastic. Raven4x4x 12:40, August 28, 2005 (UTC)
 * Support without reservation. This obviously took a lot of work and clearly explains the article. This link is Broken 16:19, 28 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Oppose. Agree fully with ScottyBoy900Q, it's much too fast. I'd support a quarter-speed version. - MPF 20:52, 28 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Here is a slower version of the animation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Moonc-slow.gif Personally, I feel the faster version is more striking, but if consensus is that it is too confusing, we could switch to the slower one.
 * I much prefer the faster version, however they both do a good job of illustrating the article. I would be happy with either, but I'd prefer the faster one. Raven4x4x 00:19, August 29, 2005 (UTC)
 * Greetings from: Tom Ruen 06:38, August 30, 2005 (UTC)
 * I got an email from CapeCodEph. I can remake the animation, cleaned up, if there is a consensus on what we should do. (I wrote my own program, but it's not automated, interactive on each frame capture, so takes a little work...)
 * Questions for consideration:
 * How many total frames? (Currently ~30 I think, ~1/day)
 * How many frames/second? (Unsure current, probably ~10?)
 * How many pixels? (Obviously bigger is slower, but multiple versions could be made from a higher resolution image)
 * Do we want to include the light phase? (Not directly important for the Libration article)
 * Any text/symbols? Crosshairs, time, location, field of view?
 * Also there's different lunar bitmaps available for projection:
 * Albedo? - http://astrogeology.usgs.gov/Projects/Clementine/images/albedo.simp750.jpeg
 * Topographic? - like http://www.lunarrepublic.com/atlas/sections/farside.shtml (I couldn't find full map online now)
 * Incidentally the "skipping" from start to end is "real" since the libration doesn't repeat each month the same way. No easy way to hide it.
 * Well, I don't expect agreement, but if someone wants to be dictator/unifier, I can try whatever is suggested, probably Friday night...

 * I think you can still get a version that doesn't skip. Like taking pictures at a different interval than exactly a day apart?   — Omegatron 13:27, August 30, 2005 (UTC)

 * I'm sure it can't match exact because there's different periods involved:
 * Node period: 27.2122d (N/S Librarion)
 * Perigee period: 27.5546d (E/W Libration)
 * New moon period: 29.5306d (Phase)
 * I used the phase period. If I drop the phase rendering and use the node or perigee period, it should be much more smooth, although still some jump in one or the other. But agreed MUCH smaller. Tom Ruen 19:07, August 30, 2005 (UTC)

 * Tomruen, why did you revert to the old version with the text on it? I thought we agreed the new version was better? Raven4x4x 05:10, September 3, 2005 (UTC)
 * Hi Raven4x4x - Sorry I must have pressed something without intending it. Tom Ruen 20:32, September 4, 2005 (UTC)
 * So does that mean it should be reverted back? I don't want to do anything to your image without your permission.  Raven4x4x 07:32, September 5, 2005 (UTC)
 * Support: it's educational and interesting. Jdhowens90 10:33, 3 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Support the fast version. — BRIAN 0918 • 2005-09-4 17:29

 * 'Question: What does "Center of the Earth" mean? When I hear that phrase I think of the Earth's core, which doesn't seem right. Does it just mean that we are following the moon as it rotates around the Earth? Can the caption be clarified or at least an explanation be put on the image description page? --Fastfission 17:49, 4 September 2005 (UTC)
 * I think it actually means the core of the Earth. Obviously in this simulation the Earth is transparent.  — Omegatron 18:53, September 4, 2005 (UTC)
 * YES, My program has 3 view mode: Center of earth (Geocetric), surface of the earth (topocentric), and hovering over the earth. The label is generic, but still valuable to know all the motion is due to the moon's motion and not the earth spinning. Tom Ruen 20:32, September 4, 2005 (UTC)

CapeCodEph 03:00, 10 September 2005 (UTC)

Candidate(s) for replacement image
September 5, 2005 (UTC)
 * [Image:Lunar-libration.gif]
 * No phase, 50 frame.
 * Since perigee distance varies the most between periods, I started the sequence on apogee.
 * I used the Draconic period (27.21222 days)
 * Comments?
 * Tom Ruen 05:55, September 5, 2005 (UTC)
 * Is it just me or is the crosshair wiggling? I actually liked the wildly changing date and time, but not the other window stuff.  — Omegatron 06:06, September 5, 2005 (UTC)
 * No, I much prefer the other one (the version without text). The wiggly crossair is rather annoying, and because the animation no longer shows the phases of the Moon, it just looks unnatural. I would not support this version. Raven4x4x 07:30, September 5, 2005 (UTC)
 * Okay, here's another option:
 * [Image:Lunar libration with phase.gif]
 * Added phase back, added time, and removed crosshair
 * I made it smaller (~1M) partly because I'm on a slow modem connection at the moment!
 * Note the phase jumps a bit because I'm using the Draconic 27.21 day period of the libration rather than than the phase period (29.53 days), but overall it is pretty smooth.
 * Tom Ruen 16:50, September 5, 2005 (UTC)
 * The second file is an amazing image, and a great improvement! I think the lack of phases and huge size of the first replacement option make it unattractive, though you're right on the money with the second one.  Two suggestions: adjust the text so that it doesn't overlap the image at all (you may have to expand the image size a bit), and switch to 24-hour time (including leading zeros and without am/pm) to eliminate the jumpiness of the text.  1 meg is definitely large enough, so if you try to eliminate that phase skip, stretch it out of the current number of frames.  You may try a slightly slower version as well, as it doesn't detract much from the effect, and it makes the animation easier to absorb.  CapeCodEph 21:34, 5 September 2005 (UTC)
 * I like that one! Can you space the time and date so that they are always in the same exact place, instead of the line getting shorter and longer?  That is my only complaint about this one.  — Omegatron 23:34,
 * Cool, I like this one. Support this new version. Raven4x4x 23:54, September 5, 2005 (UTC)

 * Another option:
 * [Image:Lunar libration with phase2.gif]
 * One more attempt - a bit smaller (954k), fixed-width font stays aligned, 24 hr time
 * Brightened source bitmap a bit before projecting.
 * Capecodeph, in regards to "eliminate the phase skip", if you mean going to a 29.53 day period, it would cause more motion jumping on the libration orientation.
 * Tom Ruen 00:52, September 7, 2005 (UTC)
 * Well done, Tom! Trust your judgment on the "phase skip" I mentioned, and the new font and speed are a lot nicer.  Tomorrow is the end of the 14-day voting period for this Featured Picture, though, so you should update the main photograph with your final version.  CapeCodEph 21:58, 7 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Support this final version. — BRIAN 0918 • 2005-09-8 00:20

Final replacement
I substituted this image for all the image:moonc.gif images on wiki:  Tom Ruen 03:27, September 8, 2005 (UTC)
 * Image:Lunar libration with phase2.gif

CapeCodEph 03:00, 10 September 2005 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


text:
Gaia Gear

Gaia Gear is a series of novels created and written by Yoshiyuki Tomino. Part of the Gundam metaseries, but not part of the canonical Gundam storyline. The novel was later adapted into a 26-episode radio drama.

The character designer is Hiroyuki Kitazume, and the mechanical designer is Mamoru Ito (Yoshinori Sayama only for the pre-renovation Zorin Soul). Kenichi Onuki, Morifumi Naka, Masanori Nishii, Hideaki Anno and Yoshiyuki Sadamoto from GAINAX participated in the frontispiece drawing of the pocket books.

Setting
Gaia Gear is a story set in the 0200s of the Universal Century, about 110 years after Mobile Suit Gundam: Char's Counterattack, and depicts the exploits of a young man named Affranchi Char who inherits the memories of Char Aznable. It is set in the future of the Universal Century timeline of the Mobile Suit Gundam anime universe, but is not treated as a canonical Gundam by Sunrise.

In this era, most people live on space colonies. In order to protect the environment and prevent pollution, the Earth is, in principle, completely uninhabitable, and the only people who are allowed to live on the planet are federal government employees who monitor the environment. In reality, however, a few privileged people and a large number of illegal residents remain on the planet. In addition, although officially denied, there are industrial production bases scattered throughout the world. In response to this, the MHA (Man Hunting Agency), a secret police, was established within the Earth Federation as a "manhunting unit" to detect illegal residents on Earth. However, the MHA, which was only an internal bureau of the Earth Federation, emerged as a private army based on a kind of elitism, and began to suppress people with anti-Earth Federation ideas.

On the other hand, the Metatron (Zee Zeon Organization), an anti-Earth Federation group in which Afflanchi participates, consist of supporters of Char Aznable. Some of them are followers of the Principality of Zeon, but the core of the group are people who are genuinely obsessed with the dream of carrying on Char's legacy. In order to shake the federal government with Char's charisma, they carried out "Char Continuation Operation" and created a "memory clone" with Char's memories, Afflanchi Char, and welcomed him as their leader.

Instead of "Mobile Suits" of the previous century, the main weapon is a humanoid mobile weapon called "Man Machines".

Story
U.C.203, a young man named Afflanchi Char, who grew up on an island in an environmental reserve in the South Pacific, decides to go into space according to the will of his foster parent, Gaba Su. As a memory clone who has inherited the memories of the former hero Char, he is elevated to the leader of the anti-Earth Federation group "Metatron". He boards the Man Machine "Gaia Gear Alpha" and fights against the Federation's secret police force "MHA". However, when Afflanchi refused to act as Char Aznable and continued to act as himself, the rift between him and the Metatron's leaders gradually widened.

Copyright problem
As of 2024, Gaia Gear, both the novel and the CDs, are all out of print. The reason for this is that it is an original novel created by Yoshiyuki Tomino using the settings and world of Mobile Suit Gundam. Although Tomino later reconciled with Sunrise and was listed as the original author in the credits of the Gundam series, he sold his original author rights to Sunrise when the first Mobile Suit Gundam was produced. Therefore, he had no right to start a new work belonging to the Gundam series on his own authority at that time. However, in the late 1980s when Gaia Gear was written, the Gundam series itself had not grown into the big business that it is today, and Sunrise initially tolerated Gaia Gear. However, with the subsequent success of the OVA series Mobile Suit Gundam 0080: War in the Pocket and Mobile Suit Gundam 0083: Stardust Memory and the release of sequel films such as Mobile Suit Gundam: Char's Counterattack and Mobile Suit Gundam F91 directed by Tomino, they gradually tightened their control. In fact, the title of this work was announced as Mobile Suit Gaia Gear: Char's Counterattack before the start of serialization in the Newtype magazine, but when serialization began, the title was changed first to Mobile Suit Gaia Gear (episodes 1 to 5 of the series), then to Newtype Saga Gaia Gear (episode 6 onwards), and when it was published as a pocket book, it was simply listed as Gaia Gear. When the radio drama was made into a CD, the package had two credits on it: "Gaia Gear (c) Yoshiyuki Tomino, Kadokawa Shoten, Newtype" and "Mobile Suit Gundam (c) Sotsu Agency, Sunrise". When Fukkan.com negotiated with Tomino to reissue the book, he refused to give permission because of the "quality" of the work.

After that, Sotsu Agency, which owns the Gundam trademark, was acquired by Bandai Namco Holdings through a tender offer in 2019. Sunrise became a wholly owned subsidiary of Bandai in 1994 and was consolidated into Bandai Namco Filmworks in 2022 to become one of its brands.

Characters

 * Afflanchi Char (アフランシ・シャア)
 * The leader of Metatron, who has inherited the memories of Char Aznable.
 * An orphan with no memory of his childhood, he was raised on an environmentally protected island in the South Pacific by the island's elder, Gaba Su. At the age of 19, he decides to go to space following the will of his adoptive father, Gaba Su. As if guided by the sounds echoing in his head, he leaves the island despite the objections of his girlfriend, Everly Key.
 * He is a young man with blond hair reminiscent of a pure-blooded Caucasian, and his appearance closely resembles that of Char Aznable. He is in fact a clone of Char Aznable, artificially created as his successor, with a cell chip containing Char's memories implanted in his brain. However, Affranchi's personality is not that of Char, even though he has memories of Char and shares the same genetic traits as him.
 * The word "affranchi" means "freed slave" in French.

 * Everly Kee (エヴァリー・キー)
 * A brown-skinned, mixed-race woman who grew up on a southern island with Affranchi. She is Afflanchi's childhood friend, lover, and wife. She instinctively likes attention and knows how to show herself, but she is not aware of it. That's why she is lovely, Affranchi thinks.
 * She has a fierce temper and once accepts her fate to send Affranchi away, but she cannot give up and leaves the island after him.

 * Ul Urian (ウル・ウリアン)
 * A preppy-looking young man that Afflanchi and the other members of Metatron meet on the space colony Hellas. He is actually a member of MHA who approached them accidentally on purpose, a pilot of Man Machine, and a second lieutenant. He has a handsome face and makes a good impression on others, but his true nature is ferocious and cunning.
 * He came from a poor background and worked hard to join the MHA, and finds favor in Dargol's eyes and stands out. He also agrees with Dargol's views and works as his advance guard, but gradually becomes frustrated about being forced to move at his will.
 * He has a strong rivalry with Afflanchi, who is born with excellent abilities and a blessed origin.

 * Krishna Pandent (クリシュナ・パンデント)
 * A member of Metatron. She is a brown-skinned woman with a fraction of Indian blood and looks Indian, but she is a mixture of several ethnicities. She is a stark contrast to Affranchi, the iconic white purebred. Although she was not raised in a particularly Indian way or taught Hinduism, she prefers to wear saris on a regular basis and chant the names of Hindu deities when she meditates.
 * She is from the slums of the space colony Hellas, and is ashamed of that. She believed that a radical improvement in their environment would require a world-change through Metatron's activities. However, she finds a grain of truth in MHA member Ul Urian's remark that "there is a sense of white supremacy in the fishiness of Char Continuous Operation," and she realizes that she is wrong.
 * She realizes that Affranchi sees another woman, Everly's simulacrum in her and runs away to Ul Urian to get back at him and turns to the MHA. However, she despairs when she discovers Ul's true nature and the reality of MHA.

 * Miranda Howe (ミランダ・ハウ)
 * A member of Metatron who greeted Afflanchi and Everly as Baum Zegen's secretary in Hong Kong. She is a woman with the appearance of a successful career woman, with a mix of red hair and blonde hair, and brown eyes. Her father is a privileged official in the Earth Federation government, but her admiration for Char Aznable led her to join Metatron.
 * After joining up with Afflanchi, she begins to work with him as his assistant and advisor. However, when Afflanchi becomes dependent on her with everything, she softly refuses.

 * Kellan Mead (ケラン・ミード)
 * A pilot belonging to Metatron. He is a strong, hasty, and easy to fire-up personality, but is a competent pilot. He is dogmatic and reckless, unable to see the big picture, but useful in emergencies, and is arrogant and rough, but also quick-witted.
 * He doesn't care where he belongs as long as he can make a living handling Man Machines, and he came to Metatron simply because he dislikes bureaucrats.
 * At first, he underestimated Affranchi as an amateur pilot, but after falling behind Affranchi's Gaia Gear α, he came to recognize his abilities.

 * Joe Suren (ジョー・スレン)
 * A pilot belonging to Metatron. He is a slender young man, kind, sensitive, and serious, but also a bit dogmatic and inflexible.
 * He realizes he is in love with Krishna after she goes missing on Earth, but encounters Krishna accompanying Ul during a reconnaissance mission.

 * Benoit Rojak (ブノア・ロジャック)
 * A female Man Machine pilot belonging to Metatron and the captain of a reinforcement unit. She was worried when she received an order to kill Affranchi from Metatron executives.

 * Madras Kalia (マドラス・カリア)
 * A member of Metatron. Man Machine pilot, Captain of Air Force 1. He is well-liked, mainly as a leader in the field, and is an ally to Afransi. He is about 40 years old and has a mustache.

 * Memm Keiren (メンム・ケイレン)
 * Captain of Mother Metatron (Thirty-One Square). He didn't have a favorable impression of Afflanchi, who refuses to act as Char Aznable, from the beginning, and was rarely on his side. Miranda looked relieved when he only took a cooperative attitude once.

 * Messer Met (メッサー・メット)
 * A pilot belonging to Metatron. He was a member of the gang in Hellas, but Afflanchi assigned him to the Man Machine unit under his direct control.
 * He was born in one of the poorest areas of Hellas. Afflanchi believes that Metatron, a group of principled people, needs a "foreign body" like him to activate the organization.

 * Lae Sayers (レエ・セイアス)
 * A female pilot belonging to Metatron. She was a member of the gang in Hellas, but Afflanchi assigned her to the Man Machine unit under his direct control.
 * She had no parents and lived in desperation with gang. She loved a simple, clear world where she did not have to use her imagination, where only power proved her position.
 * There is something decent about Messer, so she couldn't quite like him. However, when she found herself a talented pilot, learned to endure within the organization, and became familiar with Affranchi, who didn't let feel his suffering around him, she could also allow Messer to be naive.

 * Laserm Stack (レーザム・スタック)
 * A pilot belonging to Metatron. He was a member of the gang in Hellas, but Afflanchi assigned him to the Man Machine unit under his direct control.

 * Saez Consoon (サエス・コンスーン)
 * A pilot belonging to Metatron. He was a member of the gang in Hellas, but Afflanchi assigned him to the Man Machine unit under his direct control.

 * Tot Gehring (トット・ゲーリング)
 * The gang boss in Hellas. He was forced to work on Earth as a political prisoner, but escaped and joined Metatron. He was the go-between for Affranchi and Messer and his associates.

 * Truth Stroger (トルース・シュトロンガー)
 * A watcher sent by Metatron. A drunken, middle-aged white man and white supremacist.
 * When Everly came after Affranchi, he slapped her for not being worthy of him.

 * Baum Segen (バアム・ゼーゲン)
 * A middle-aged white man wearing a white top and bottom, serving as the president of a real estate company in Hong Kong. He was a member of the Zee Zeon Organization and managed the building that preserved Zorin Soul.

 * Jiang Wen Hu (ジャン・ウェン・フー)
 * A highly skilled pilot of Hong Kong MHA. He is an excellent military man and commander who works independently of politics and ideological beliefs. Dargol, rumored to be a white supremacist, appreciated his abilities but did not trust him.

 * Azariah Parrish (アザリア・パリッシュ)
 * An elderly man who is a founding member and the actual leader of Metatron.
 * Metatron, as originally planned, welcomed Afflanchi as its leader, but there was a gap in perception between Parrish, who wanted Afflanchi to be the second coming of Char, and Afflanchi, who believed he was not a copy of Char. Afflanchi refuses to act as Char and their relationship deteriorates.

 * Bijan Dargol (ビジャン・ダーゴル)
 * The leader of MHA in the Hellas Administration. He has the appearance of a do-gooder man with hollow cheeks and almost transparent blue eyes. Not satisfied with the present situation, he wanted to control and lead the entire Maha.
 * He devised and implemented the "Earth Reverse Immigration Plan" in which space immigrants would return to Earth. He used the emigration to Earth to rally support, and succeeded in climbing to the top of MHA and overseeing the police system. He also succeeded in transferring command of all forces from the Earth Federation Forces to MHA. As a result, Dargol succeeded in making MHA independent from the Earth Federation government, and he intended to create his own empire on Earth, the Gaia Empire. He has adopted a policy of seclusion against the Space Colony Federation, and were trying to build a system that would eliminate incompetents and resistance groups, and only accept capable collaborators.
 * It is said that he was considering a policy of preferential treatment for whites, but he himself says that there is no racism in MHA.
 * He was fascinated by Wagner's aesthetics, and was particularly obsessed with the symbolic Neuschwanstein Castle.

Novel
This novel was first released in Newtype magazine from April 1987 to December 1991, and then published by Kadokawa Shoten under the Kadokawa Sneaker Bunko label from September 1, 1988 to April 1, 1992 with a total of five volumes.

Volume 1
Affranchi Char is a 19-year-old man who was raised on an island in the Pacific Ocean. The "cell chips" inside his brain contain strange memories and information. Affranchi was raised by a man named Gaba Suu, one of the island's elders. On his deathbed, Gaba Suu tells Affranchi to go into space, but his lover Everly Key is strongly opposed. One day, a giant humanoid machine washes up on the island's shore, and Affranchi makes up his mind to leave.

One stormy night, Affranchi sneaks away in a canoe, intending to catch a ship for Hong Kong and go from there into space. While he is waiting for the ship, he meets and quarrels with a bigoted stranger who tells Affranchi that the white man is humanity's elite, destined to rule over the lesser races.

After Affranchi boards the ship, it is hijacked by pirates. Everly, who has followed Affranchi aboard, is taken hostage. Affranchi displays an uncanny prowess in the martial arts and defeats the hijackers.

Upon their arrival in Hong Kong, Affranchi and Everly are met by a waiting limousine. They are taken to meet the mysterious Berm Segen and his secretary Miranda Howe, who give Affranchi the antique "Man Machine" (Mobile Suit), the Zorin Soul. Suddenly, strangers burst in and kill Berm Segen, and our heroes flee in the Zorin Soul. Affranchi operates the machine with unnatural skill, returning Everly to her home island and then heading to Hong Kong.

In Hong Kong, Affranchi battles the forces of Maha, the Federation government's dreaded "Man-Hunting Agency." Formally known as the 13th Special Investigative Section of the Earth Federation Government Police Agency, this group is responsible for discovering illegal Earth residents and deporting them to the space colonies.

Affranchi is able to fight off the Maha forces and, with the help of Miranda Howe, he hijacks a space shuttle and loads the Zorin Soul on board. Miranda tells the shuttle pilot to set course for the Side 4 shoal zone. Here they rendezvous with the waiting transport ship Spacious, whose crew greet Affranchi as "Your Excellency Char Aznable." Among the crew is a beautiful young woman named Krishna Pandent.

The Spacious heads for the Side 2 colony Hellas, hiding Affranchi and Miranda in order to smuggle them into the colony. The ship makes its way through the colony to the factory block at the other end, along the way rescuing a young hang-glider named Ul Urian. The Spacious reaches the factory block and drops Ul Urian off, but the timing of his chance encounter with the Spacious strikes the crew as very suspicious.

Volume 2
Affranchi, Miranda, and Krishna board an electric car and drive through the colony. They enter the Grenze district, which is a colossal slum, and a sudden attack by Maha's Minox craft forces them to flee into the tunnels in search of shelter. Affranchi is separated from his comrades and captured by the police.

After clashing with his cellmates, Affranchi befriends one of them, a giant named Todd Goering. Affranchi is then released, but the Maha agent Ul Urian has planted a transmitter in his stomach in order to track him. Ul Urian submits a report to his commander Bijan Dargol, and then goes to meet Krishna for a "date" with the intention of taking her prisoner.

Affranchi wanders the streets and encounters a gang of delinquents led by a man named Messer Mett, who turns out to be another friend of Todd Goering. Affranchi then runs into Miranda Howe and another Spacious crewmember named Joe Suren, who feed him a big dose of laxatives so he can get rid of the transmitter.

Meanwhile, Ul Urian meets Krishna at a French restaurant and begins quizzing her about the "Z Organization" for which she works and the whereabouts of its secret base "314." Krishna attempts to escape but is abducted by Ul Urian. Affranchi and friends begin pursuit, and Ul Urian summons his Minox, bringing Krishna aboard with him.

The Z Organization dispatches the Gaia Gear, operated by a pilot named Keran Mead, to engage the Minox. But since Krishna is aboard the Minox, the Gaia Gear is helpless to fight it. Fortunately, the Gaia Gear is protected by its barrier, and the Minox ends up losing control and crashing thanks to the shockwaves caused by its own attacks. Two Gussa man machines appear, and Keran's Gaia Gear knocks one to the ground, allowing Affranchi to board it and defeat the second enemy machine.

Affranchi, Keran, and their comrades escape the colony and board the Z Organization's warship "Thirty-One Square." Overruling the ship's captain, Affranchi orders the crew to rescue the captive Krishna. While he's at it, he renames the Z Organization "Metatron" and rechristens the Thirty-One Square as "Mother Metatron."

The Mother Metatron heads for Hellas, demanding that the colony government turn over its political prisoners. The Maha commander Bijan Dargol, meanwhile, readies his own military response.

Volume 3
The Mother Metatron approaches Hellas, with Affranchi leading the charge in his Gaia Gear. Affranchi, impatient with the stalling of the colony government, orders the Mother Metatron to fire on the colony's agricultural blocks. Using this as a pretext, Bijan Dargol launches a preemptive attack on the Metatron forces.

Ul Urian launches from the Maha flagship Maha Gayjisu to lead the attack, piloting the new man machine Bromb Texter and carrying Krishna as a hostage. But just before he enters battle, Ul Urian sets Krishna adrift in space, with the intention of picking her up later. Affranchi easily defeats Ul Urian and then, sensing Krishna's whereabouts, goes to rescue her.

Having recovered Krishna and collected the colony's other political prisoners, the Mother Metatron heads for the secret base "Thirty-One Cubed." Among the released prisoners are the delinquent Messer Mett and his lackeys Rey Seias, Reyzam Stack, and Saez Konsoon, who decide to remain with Metatron and become combat pilots. However, they get along poorly with the rest of the crew and begin considering desertion.

Metatron learns that the Maha fleet is preparing to descend to Earth, an act of "reverse immigration" by which Maha will establish its own nation on Earth. The Mother Metatron likewise sets course for Earth in order to intercept the enemy fleet.

The Metatron forces deploy the shuttles Air Force 1 and Air Force 2, escorted by Affranchi's Gaia Gear. Ul Urian's Bromb Texter attempts to intercept the Gaia Gear, but Messer Mett and his comrades unexpectedly join the battle and attack the Bromb Texter. Reyzam's man machine Dochadi is shot down in the ensuing combat.

The fighting continues as both sides enter the atmosphere. Affranchi rams into Ul Urian's Bromb Texter, forcing the enemy pilot to retreat. The Maha Gayjisu deploys its Gussa forces, the Metatron shuttles launch their own man machines, and the Metatron forces are ultimately forced to withdraw. Messer and his two surviving henchmen desert during the battle.

Air Force 1 and Air Force 2 land in Hamar, Norway, where the Metatron members join forces with the local resistance. Messer and his comrades go to ground in Ireland, where they learn from a news broadcast that the main Maha fleet has arrived in Nouveau Paris. They decide to surrender to Maha, offering their man machines as gifts.

As they approach Nouveau Paris, Messer and his friends encounter a Federation Forces truck convoy. They begin negotiating their surrender, only to discover that their old comrade Todd Goering is among the prisoners being transported in the convoy. Instead of surrendering, they decide to rescue Todd and escape, but a Gussa team from Nouveau Paris is now in hot pursuit. Picking up Messer's distress signal, Air Force 1 and Affranchi's Gaia Gear launch to meet them, and an aerial battle begins over Denmark.

Volume 4
Affranchi leads the Metatron forces to victory, repulsing Ul Urian's man machine team and successfully recovering Messer and friends. However, during the battle Krishna falls out of Air Force 1, and the Metatron forces have no time to search for her before they withdraw.

Back at Hamar, Todd tells Affranchi and the others what he learned about Maha's plans while toiling as a forced laborer. It appears that Maha intends to establish a "Gaia Empire" on Earth, governed by a chosen elite. For sentimental reasons, the Maha commander Bijan Dargol has chosen Bavaria as the heart of his new empire.

Krishna, meanwhile, has once again been picked up by Ul Urian, who has now been demoted to command of the support vehicle Bushing Nugg. Having used hypnotic interrogation to find out everything she knows about Metatron, Ul Urian is now keeping her around for his own amusement. Accepting her situation, Krishna decides to throw in her lot with Maha.

The two sides soon clash again at Liege, Belgium. After a gun battle in the city, the Metatron and Maha pilots run for their machines. Rey Seias, Saez Konsoon, and Keran Mead enter battle in Dochadis, but Saez and Keran are shot down by Ul Urian's Bromb Texter, and Rey's damaged machine crashes in the forest. Air Force 1 attacks the Bushing Nugg, but is shot down by Krishna's anti-air fire, and the crew are forced to escape.

Air Force 2 and Affranchi's Gaia Gear finally arrive, driving the Maha forces away. Rey and the Air Force 1 crew are rescued, but the Metatron forces have taken heavy losses and they are shocked by Krishna's betrayal.

The Mother Metatron begins bombarding Nouveau Paris with missiles, and Miranda Howe arrives with reinforcements in the form of Air Force 3. The Mother Metatron's bombardment inflicts considerable damage on the Maha forces, and the Maha Gayjisu withdraws from the city. The Metatron forces gather in Besançon, France, to establish a frontline base.

Even as Affranchi and his comrades battle Maha's ground forces in Besançon, they learn that a Maha fleet from Hong Kong is now approaching the Adriatic Sea. The Metatron forces engage the Hong Kong Maha fleet, but are overwhelmed by the performance of the new enemy machine Gids Geese.

Volume 5
Affranchi returns to Besançon to find that Todd Goering has devised a new plan for their man machine forces. The Gaia Gear will now be entrusted to Messer, while Affranchi stands by at Besançon.

Messer sorties in the Gaia Gear to intercept an approaching Bromb Texter, and returns with Ul Urian as his prisoner. From the Bromb Texter's flight data, they determine that the Maha forces are gathering at Munich, and Metatron begins preparations for an attack.

As the attack preparations are underway, the Metatron member Joe Suren takes off in the Zorin Soul in order to look for Krishna. He is detected by Maha, and the attack on Munich is aborted.

The Hong Kong Maha launch another attack, but this time they are outnumbered by Affranchi's Gaia Gear, Messer's captured Bromb Texter, and a third wave of reinforcements dropped from the Mother Metatron. Meanwhile, Krishna is wandering in the woods near the battlefield, and is rescued by a mysterious young woman.

Joe Suren finally locates Krishna, and in the process he retrieves a floppy disk from a crashed man machine. According to this floppy disk, Benoit Rojak, the leader of the new Metatron reinforcements, has been given secret orders to assassinate Affranchi after Maha has been eliminated. As for the mysterious young woman who rescued Krishna, she turns out to be Affranchi's former lover, Everly Key.

Affranchi and his comrades relocate to Monfalcone, Italy, to prepare for the final confrontation with Maha. Benoit Rojak and her Gaiyas team are already on the scene. Affranchi proposes that they make it look as if Metatron is attacking Munich and Neuschwanstein Castle, splitting the Maha forces so they can ambush Bijan Dargol himself.

Joe, Krishna, and Everly rush to Monfalcone to warn Affranchi of Benoit's treachery, but they are detected en route by Ul Urian, who has returned to Maha and received a new Gids Geese man machine. Joe drops off Krishna and Everly, then attempts to draw Ul Urian's attention away from them, but his Zorin Soul is swiftly shot down. Ul Urian finds the women and takes Everly captive, leaving Krishna behind.

Just before the Metatron forces begin their attack, Todd discovers Krishna in the nearby woods, and she tells Affranchi of Benoit's treachery and Everly's predicament. Affranchi continues the operation regardless, and joins battle with the enemy flagship Maha Gayjisu. Ul Urian enters the battle in his Gids Geese, carrying Everly as a hostage, and uses his knowledge of the Bromb Texter's characteristics and weaknesses to shoot down Messer's captured machine.

The battle continues. Bijan Dargol attempts to defend Neuschwanstein Castle from Affranchi's forces. Benoit Rojak ambushes and destroys the Maha Gayjisu, and the ensuing explosion consumes many nearby man machines, including Benoit's own. Metatron begins mopping up the remaining Maha forces, and Rey Seias is hit by Ul Urian, forcing her to make an emergency landing at the castle. Affranchi confronts Ul Urian and, sensing that Everly isn't aboard the enemy machine, shoots him down.

Rey and Affranchi enter the castle, where they find Everly. Affranchi and Everly embrace as Rey succumbs to her injuries.

Afflanchi and Everly flew from Bavaria to England aboard the Gaia Gear. After crossing the Irish Sea, Gaia Gear ran out of fuel and was dumped into the sea. They then crossed Ireland on foot, with only the desire to get to where they could see the Atlantic Ocean. Their journey ended when they stood on a cliff overlooking the Atlantic Ocean.

Radio drama
The radio drama was jointly produced by Bandai, Kadokawa Shoten, and Nippon Cultural Broadcasting as part of the 40th anniversary of Nippon Cultural Broadcasting. It aired from April 12, 1992 to October 4, 1992, and was then released as "Sound Theater Gaia Gear" on five CDs from November 1992 to July 1993. Two soundtrack CDs were also released.

The storyline and ending, setting, and character personalities differ slightly from those of the novel.

Staff

 * Original Story: Yoshiyuki Tomino
 * Planning: Shin Unosawa, Yumiko Takanashi
 * Screenplay and Series Composition: Akinori Endo
 * Character Design: Hiroyuki Kitazume
 * Mechanical Design: Mamoru Ito, Junya Ishigaki
 * Sound Director: Naoko Asari
 * Music: Masahiro Kawasaki
 * Sound Production: Central Music
 * Production: Nippon Cultural Broadcasting Co.
 * Production: Bandai Visual
 * Narration: Makoto Otake, Hideyuki Tanaka

Theme songs
All songs are sung by Yoko Ichikawa.

Toys/models
The only toys and models of Gaia Gear were the Gaia Gear α, Zorin Soul, and Gussa garage kits released by Build Up in 1991. When they were released, the modeling magazine Monthly Hobby Japan featured them for three consecutive months.

title: Gaia Gear


text: Category:Triple jumpers

title: Category:Triple jumpers


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Robert Payne-Smith

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete. --Tony Sidaway Talk 13:20, 12 September 2005 (UTC)

Robert Payne-Smith
Completing VfD - no vote --Doc (?) 00:19, 4 September 2005 (UTC)

 * Userfy Good start but don't publish it until you get some good information. Espcially why this person is notable.Tucats 17:17, 25 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete: Attempted communication, original research, genealogy or local history project. Note also that the article's title is one person, and the subject is another person entirely.  The contributor seems to have thought this was a way to enter a subject of inquiry, rather than an encyclopedia article.  Possible speedy delete as direct address, mistaken Help Desk query, and/or user test. Geogre 03:19, 4 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Requested_articles is possibly the place for this. Nateji77 05:06, 4 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. The article is about the daughter, and is clearly an attempt to communicate, so could probably be speedied on those grounds. -Splash 22:16, 4 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete per Splash. Denni ☯ 22:29, 2005 September 4 (UTC)
 * Delete per Splash Theresa Knott (a tenth stroke) 22:33, 4 September 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Wikipedians for encyclopedic merit/Membership shenanigans

An attempt to form a list of members
This is a non judgemental effort to list members who have expressed interested in contributing to the project. Erwin Walsh

 * User:Agriculture
 * User:Eequor
 * User:Hipocrite
 * User:MONGO
 * User:Noitall
 * User:Erwin Walsh
 * User:Banes
 * User:Johntex
 * User:Visorstuff
 * User:Coqsportif
 * User:Radiant! ? I am not interested in joining this project. I believe "Wikipedians for encyclopedic merit" is oxymoronic, and I believe "Wikipedians for decency" contravenes WP:NOT (not censored for protection of minors). Radiant_ >|< 12:38, August 24, 2005 (UTC)

 * We went through User:MONGO's unfortunate effort to autocratically declare who was a "true member". Happily, MONGO has gotten much better behaved since then.  But now, User:Erwin Walsh has decided to start pulling the same nonsense, and deleting users he decides she doesn't like.  Cut is out!

 * The way to determine if someone is a member is by looking at the membership list. If a name is actually forged (i.e. added by someone else "on behalf" of a user), that's illegitimate.  And sockpuppets are also not appropriate.  Other than that, each user's decision whether to join or withdraw must be left at their own sole discretion.  There's nothing wrong with discussing with individual user whether they wish to join or withdraw on their own user talk pages.  But the decision must be left to the user/member. Lulu of the Lotus-Eaters 16:46, 2005 August 24 (UTC)

 * You best take a chill pill and now would be a good time for you to start. Your accusation of my violating 3RR and using sockpuppets is dead wrong. Referring to me as a troll etc. is also wrong. So before you refer to my edits as unfortunate take a close look at your own actions. The Anon in bold is a troll FYI...172 AOL IP, probably same person haunts numerous articles and isn't interested in doing anything here constructive. Likewise, people that became "members" of this project stating they want to see an obscene image on every page couldn't possibly be in agreement with the focus of this. Lastly, your alteration of this project into some legal inspection of of images is not where this thing should be focusing. That aspect of the project should be about 10 percent of the issues addressed here. I sated before, get 3 to 5 lawyers to argue this issue and put it to bed. The remainder of the discussion needs to center around how to ensure Wikipedia gains university level respect...this transcends imagery...it is also about content, referencing and strict enforcement of NPOV. You like the title encyclopedic merit but think that applies to simply a discussion about imagery...it doesn't and that focus is entirely too narrow.--MONGO 01:52, August 25, 2005 (UTC)

 * Look MONGO, I appreciate your moderate move in a direction of less abuse of this project; but the belligerence really needs to stop.  You are welcome to politely argue for a different focus than other editors favor, but this project is still not your personal user page.  If you have ideas, propose them with rational arguments, minus the abuse of other editors.  If you want a page that you (almost) wholly control, edit your user page.

 * FWIW, You might want to read my comments on this talk page (where I actually try for feedback and cooperation; something you would do well to try). I am rather clear, without your belligerent tone, that I have argued against only inspecting images.  In fact, if you look at my contributions to the project page, you'll see that I modified several phrases to clarify that images were not the sole concern.  Both types of actual cooperation are something your edit history has sorely lacked. Lulu of the Lotus-Eaters 02:21, 2005 August 25 (UTC)
 * Gee, condescending one, I don't appreciate your slanderous commentary in 3RR. You are as abusive as anyone here, referring to me as a troll and a sockpuppet, yet no apology. Gee, the title was my creation, the focus was my remedy. I deleted the templates, I began the refocus, not you and you come along, accuse me of violating 3RR, being a troll and using sockpuppet accounts and you expect civility...fat chance. Your edit history shows almost zero article creation effort...what purpose do you serve? None.--MONGO 04:20, August 25, 2005 (UTC)

 * Both of you, cut it out. WP:NPA, WP:CIV, WP:FAITH. Radiant_ >|< 08:19, August 25, 2005 (UTC)


text:
Talk:Tilman Hausherr

Note
I archived some older talk page stuff, added two citations to the article, and gave "Sporgery" its own subsection. Since Sporgery does have its own article, this subsection here should be expanded with at least two sentences or so, with references from that article. Curt Wilhelm VonSavage 14:21, 22 October 2007 (UTC).

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title: Talk:Tilman Hausherr


text:
Schuylkill Canal

The Schuylkill Canal, or Schuylkill Navigation, was a system of interconnected canals and slack-water pools along the Schuylkill River in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania, built as a commercial waterway in the early 19th-century. Chartered in 1815, the navigation opened in 1825, to provide transportation and water power.

At the time, the Schuylkill River was the least expensive and most efficient method of transporting bulk cargo, and cities on the U.S. East Coast were experiencing an energy crisis. It fostered the mining of anthracite coal as the major source of industry between Pottsville and eastern markets. Along the tow-paths, mules pulled barges of coal from Port Carbon through the water gaps to Pottsville; locally to the port and markets of Philadelphia; and some then by ship or through additional New Jersey waterways, to New York City markets.

The Schuylkill Canal was in operation until 1931 and was almost completely filled in the 1950s. Some remaining watered reaches are now used for recreation.

History
The Schuylkill Navigation Company was incorporated in 1815. An application for a charter to improve the Lehigh also was filed that year. These represented the growing impetus in the United States to develop a water transportation network similar to that emerging in Great Britain.

The lower Lehigh Canal project made its first test shipments of coal in 1819, proving the Lehigh's locks concept. Its delivery in 1820 of over 365 tons of Anthracite to Philadelphia resulted in a temporary market glut. These and regularly increasing tonnages shipped down to Philadelphia's docks over the next 2–3 years attracted investors and speculators from all along the Eastern Seaboard to capitalize and fund similar companies. This began a deluge of private canal and canal resumption projects in the 1820s. The Delaware and Hudson Canal companies, the Delaware and Raritan Canal, the Morris Canal, the Chesapeake & Delaware Canal and various others followed, triggering the North American Canal Age and helping fuel the Industrial Revolution in America.

Founding
"... while there was a total lack of highways or navigable streams leading to the region. Small quantities of coal were mined, but people were slow to appreciate its value, and it required vigorous exertions to induce them to attempt to use it. Its very appearance was against it, and the majority of persons approached were entirely incredulous as to its being anything else than a stone, incapable of being burned by any inherent qualities it possessed. Not only the coal but the fact that it was coal had to be discovered. Even as late as the year 1812, when it was sought to secure an act authorizing the improvement of the Schuylkill river in order to convey coal to Philadelphia, the representative of Schuylkill County in the state senate declared there was no coal in his district; that there was a kind of black stone that was called coal, but that it would not burn!"

As related in The Delaware and Lehigh Canals history, two of the principle investors in the Schuylkill Navigation Company were partner industrialists and mill owners White and Hazard, who were anxious to secure a reliable source of fuel for their mills. Early on in the board meetings of the new corporation they'd quarreled with others over the funding, timings, and tasks necessary and when they could not prevail to speed the project, immediately explored the option of making a navigation on the Lehigh River and acquiring the mining rights of the failing Lehigh Coal Mine Company and other investors to fund the projects. The Lehigh and Schuylkill canals had similar problems, both had to make navigable a series of rapids with rivers providing less water than was optimal—and ironically, by the 1820s, both eventually shipped coal from the opposite ends of the Little Schuylkill River's tributary, and the coal deposits once owned by Lehigh Coal Mine Company (the LCMC), in the Panther Creek Valley.

"Two years after this [1823] the Schuylkill region [coal mining] was opened, while it was not until 1829 that the coal trade of the Wyoming region [i.e., the Wyoming Valley] began."

When the engineering challenges and finances allowed, the Schuylkill Canal began operations in 1825. The initial configuration completed in 1827, was waterway of 108 mi was linking Philadelphia to Port Carbon in the Southern Anthracite Coal Fields near Pottsville. Combining 62 mi of separate canals, often referred to as "reaches", with 46 mi of slack water pools (so called "levels"), the Schuylkill Navigation used 92 lift locks to overcome the difference of 588 ft in elevation between its terminal points. This was similar in degree to the gradients of the Lehigh Canal but twice the height drop in twice the distance, both much steeper than the Erie Canals leisurely descents. In point of fact, canals in the United States rarely kept their original configurations and improvements continued over their life; if for no other reason, periodically ice damage and freshets occur pointing out shortcomings, leading to improvements. By the early 1820s, the coal coming down the Lehigh and Schuylkill canals having alleviated the high costs of heating, overcoming in just a few years the long suffered shortages of fuels in Eastern cities and towns The Auburn Tunnel, a 450-foot (137 m) bore through a hill near Auburn, was completed in 1821, but by 1857, due to increased traffic, canal capacity (widening) modifications turned it into an open-cut. Like the later Delaware Canal was to the Lehigh, the Union Canal, built between 1821 and 1828, was purpose designed to connect the Susquehanna River with the Schuylkill Canal at Reading. When completed, the two canals combined to make a water link between Philadelphia and the slack water level of the Susquehanna River at Middletown. This route along the Schuylkill Valley was envisioned primarily as a coal road, whilst the Union Canal was engineered for cross-state passenger and cargoes; but it also competed with and then became secondary to the east–west divisions of the Pennsylvania Canal System on the Main Line of Public Works between Philadelphia, Harrisburg, and Pittsburgh. The Schuylkill Canal also featured the first transportation tunnel in America.

By transporting bulk cargoes and provide water power, the Schuylkill Navigation transformed the towns of Reading, Norristown, and Pottsville into early manufacturing centers. By using the Delaware River and the Delaware and Raritan and Morris Canals, manufactured products and anthracite from the Schuylkill Valley could also reach New York Harbor. The Schuylkill Navigation system quickly assumed a monopoly position in the transportation of anthracite coal from the coal mines of Schuylkill County to Philadelphia, and by 1841, was annually transporting over 737,517 tons of cargo.

Competition with the railroad
In 1841, the Philadelphia and Reading Railroad opened, and within four years, was hauling three times as much anthracite to Philadelphia each year as the Schuylkill Navigation. In response, the Schuylkill Navigation Company enlarged its canals; by 1847, they could accommodate the passage of boats carrying 230 tons of coal. These barges were better than twice the size that could be used on the rival Lehigh and Delaware Canals with the latter's limited lock lengths; an artifact of having a state run a practical construction project without businessmens balancing viewpoints. In 1850, a price-fixing arrangement with the railroad stabilized prices for the transportation of anthracite. This decade was the Schuylkill Navigation's most prosperous period; in 1859, its peak year, it transported 1,700,000 tons of cargo. However, in that same year the Philadelphia and Reading Railroad carried over 2,500,000 tons, an amount comparable to the Lehigh Canal's 1855 peak of 2,300,000 tons of coal. During the 1860s the railroads had become the king of transportation with their improved power and speed of travel, so like most North American canals, the Schuylkill Canal began to decline in use for general freight and the wealthier westward bound passengers had long since used the Philadelphia and Columbia Railroad to reach the Pennsylvania Canal System to cross the Alleghenies. In 1857, the Pennsylvania Railroad had connected Pittsburgh and Philadelphia, would eventually add New York City and Chicago, and was instrumental in the declining fortunes of Pennsylvania's far flung network of canals. Railroads could reach mine heads and coal breakers where no stream existed to support the costly digging of a new ditch. Coal shifted away from canals to the more flexible means of bulk goods transportation. Where the established canals supplied, their markets mostly remained relatively stable and they generally remained competitive with only a gradual erosion of market share as decades passed. Eventually, Oil heat and their perennial problems of delivering in winter's cold diminished their role. The self-examination during the early years of the Great Depression would end up closing most, as it did the Schuylkill Navigation Company.

Decline
In 1869 the Schuylkill Navigation was damaged by a flood, hindering operations for some time whilst repairs could be made. In 1870, its board of directors forced by stockholders, the Schuylkill Navigation Company leased its waterway to the Philadelphia and Reading Railroad for 999 years, surrendering to the competition. Under the railroad's control, the Schuylkill Navigation continued to decline as a general freight carrier, but operated primarily as a coal road, like the Lehigh and Delaware Canals into the 1930s, since for heating and especially, steam power, nearly everyone needed anthracite. The traffic on the canal was expedited by corporate maneuvers when its New York City and New Jersey markets connecting Delaware and Raritan Canal was acquired in 1872 by the competing Pennsylvania Railroad—in a blatant act supporting a bid for monopoly, soon Schuylkill boats were denied access to this important New Jersey waterway. As a result, traffic on the Schuylkill decreased rapidly. Adding insult to injury, the PRR itself invaded the Schuylkill's territory with the construction of its Schuylkill Branch in the mid-1880s. By 1890 only 144,994 tons of cargo passed through the Schuylkill Navigation. The Schuylkill Navigation was also hindered by coal silt deposits that made its upper sections almost unusable. By 1891 the portion of Navigation above Port Clinton was abandoned. By 1904 the anthracite traffic had almost completely ceased, and after 1913 only an occasional cargo passed between Port Clinton and Philadelphia. Excursion vessels and pleasure boating remained active on the Schuylkill Navigation until most of the canals were filled by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania during 1947–1979 in efforts to remove coal silt from the Schuylkill River.

Chester County Canal
The Chester County Canal, also known as the Phoenixville Branch Canal, was an addition to the Navigation built by the Schuylkill Navigation Company in 1828 to provide water power to a new nail works in Phoenixville. The new canal connected the slackwater pool of the Schuylkill Canal above the Black Rock Dam to Phoenixville. This canal paralleled the top end of the Oakes Reach, on the opposite side or the river. While the Chester County Canal was initially built to provide water power to the mill, in 1847 it carried scheduled passenger service between Phoenixville and Norristown. The spring freshet of 1869 destroyed the mill "and very much injured the canal and its locks."

Today
While many of the dams still stand, few watered stretches of the canal remain. Some 2.5 mi of the original 3.5 mi long Oakes Reach between Oaks and Mont Clare and the 1 mi reach in Manayunk. Ruins and remnants of the canals structure are still visible along its length. Many of the locks chambers still exist but are buried to varying degrees. Some of the locktender's houses still exist. Even if filled in, the canal's presence in many river communities is memorialized by several Canal Streets.

Leesport has a restored Locktender's house on E. Wall Street. The adjacent lock had long been filled with a car wash located on the site, but in 2011, the lock car wash was removed, and the lock unearthed. Near Gibraltar, the Allegheny Creek Aqueduct still exists along with a drained section of the canal prism. The Aqueduct is on the National Register of Historic Places.

Oakes Reach
The head of the Oakes Reach is at the Black Rock Dam (Dam #26), near Mont Clare. The canal passes through the dam structure at Lock #60. The volunteer Schuylkill Canal Association has restored Lock 60 to operating condition.

The nearby locktender's house has also been restored. The Reach runs under Pennsylvania Route 29 in Mont Clare, directly across the river from Phoenixville, then through Port Providence. An impounding basin from the silt removal project cuts the canal after Longford Road and the final mile of the Reach, has been filled in. An old stone aqueduct, that carried the Canal over Crossman's Run, and the outlet lock tender's house are still existent; but Lock 61, Brower's Lock, was filled in.

This reach is named for Thomas Oakes, chief engineer of the Schuylkill Navigation Company. The Oakes Reach canal, locks, locktenders' houses, Black Rock Dam, and the slackwater pool extending up to the Pennsylvania Route 113 bridge form the "Schuylkill Navigation Canal, Oakes Reach Section" historic district.

On December 30, 2017 what is thought to be the non-mechanized, human powered speed record was set on the Oakes Reach by Todd Martin, originally of Mont Clare. The record of 19 minutes 38 seconds, was set on ice skates from the existing waste water control valve structure at the lower end to the Lock 60 Lower Lock Head Wall. The distance traveled for the record is 2.33 miles. 3" of snow was present on the ice, temp 14 F, head wind approximately 10–15 mph.

 * Lock 60 40.145°N, -75.50778°W
 * Present end of reach 40.12833°N, -75.4825°W
 * Lock 61 Tender's House 40.12628°N, -75.46136°W

Manayunk Reach
The head of the Manayunk Reach is at the Flat Rock Dam (Dam 31), near Shawmont. The canal originally passed through the dam structure at Lock 68. However Lock 68 is plated off, and the forereach area above has silted in.

This stretch of canal forms the northern side of Venice Island, which is facing development pressures. At the downstream end of this reach, the canal runs through Manayunk and returns to the river via Locks 69 & 70. All three lock structures still exist.

 * Lock 68 40.03806°N, -75.24444°W
 * Locks 69&70 40.02278°N, -75.21986°W

Schuylkill River Trail
The Schuylkill River Trail (SRT) now overlays portions of the canal route. In Manayunk, the Trail was constructed across the canal from the towpath. (The Reading railroad built a freight spur on the canal towpath.) In 2008 the extension of the Schuylkill River Trail from the Perkiomen Creek to Longford Road in Oaks opened. This length of the Trail makes use of the general course of the filled portion of the Oakes Reach and originally used the old canal aqueduct to cross Crossman's Run. On 14 February 2008, a meeting was held to announce the survey work for the extension of the Schuylkill River Trail along the towpath of the watered portion of the Oakes Reach. It was expected that the towpath restoration itself would commence around March 2009. Restoration of the canal towpath between Longford Road and Mont Clare is now complete. However, this one-mile-long segment of Schuylkill River Trail is a narrow crushed-stone path, designed for pedestrians and slower bicycles. Cyclists who prefer higher speeds are encouraged to ride on parallel Walnut Street, rather than the Longford Road-to-Mont Clare section of tow-path.

title: Schuylkill Canal


text:
Reaper Miniatures

Reaper Miniatures is an American manufacturer of pewter and plastic figurines in the 25–35 mm scale, which include fantasy and science fiction figures. Founded in 1992 by brothers Ed and David Pugh, the company was originally based in Fort Worth, then moved to Lewisville, and then to Denton, where it is based today. The company also has developed tabletop miniature game systems that may be played with their figures. The Reaper Miniatures mascot is a succubus named Sophie.

History
Reaper Miniatures started in Fort Worth, Texas on July 4, 1992. Initially, two lines of miniatures were produced: Distinguished Flying Collectibles (a line of World War II aircraft) and Renaissance Dreams (a line of fantasy jewelry).

Reaper moved to Lewisville, Texas, in April 1993, and at this location they reactivated several old miniature lines that the company owned and combined them into the Dungeon Dweller 25 mm fantasy line.

Reaper saw further growth and need for expansion in August 1994, and moved into a 2500 sqft warehouse in Lewisville. Late in 1995, they launched the Scrye Counter series of collectible card game accessories and over 500,000 have been sold worldwide. The Dark Heaven 25 mm fantasy line was launched in 1996, and is the top-selling fantasy role-playing game (RPG) miniature line in the world. Reaper has also expanded into the European market through a partnership with a miniatures company in England.

In July 1998, Reaper launched the Warlord 25 mm fantasy line, CAV N-scale sci-fi line (Combat Assault Vehicle), Reaper Box Sets, Reaper Pro Paints, and Reaper Masters Series Paints. January 2004 saw Reaper move once again, to a new production facility in Denton, Texas.

The company has had five Bones Kickstarter campaigns. These have been used to launch and expand their lines of plastic miniatures in a new material. The first ended on August 26, 2012, with participants pledging over US$3 million, making it the third highest overall Kickstarter at the time. The second campaign also reached above $3 million and as of the end of 2013 both were among the ten highest Kickstarters ever. The third campaign was the shortest, running from July 7 to July 25, 2015. It raised $2.7 million dollars. The fifth began October 1, 2019 and will end October 31st.

Reaper also manufactures two acrylic water-based paint lines designed for painting the miniatures which they manufacture.

Community and web presence
Reaper has an online community, from their online forum.

Reaper also maintains an on site research and development facility for their games called "The Asylum". The Asylum is open to the public and also serves as a sort of company store, offering not only Reaper products, but a wide area of family board games and various role-playing games.

Current miniature lines
As of 2013, Reaper has five major lines of miniatures and two minor lines:
 * Dark Heaven Legends: Primarily aimed at fantasy role players. It contains many models designed for running role playing campaigns; from models to represent characters and monsters to familiars, weapons and accessories. This line provides the bulk of miniatures, which has now passed 3000 serial numbers.
 * Warlord (miniature game): Reaper's highly successful skirmish game. Set in the fictional world of Taltos, ten factions fight in the provinces for control. Players battle across the world, and then log into the Reaper website to report wins and losses, thus allowing a dynamic, evolving world.
 * Bones: Bones takes the most popular miniatures from the Dark Heaven Legends and Chronoscope lines and casts them in plastic along with many new designs, including some too large to produce in metal. "Ready to Paint" right out of the package, they are priced significantly less than more traditional metal miniatures. The Bones line has been funded by several successful Kickstarter crowdfunding campaigns.
 * Combat Assault Vehicle (CAV): A game similar to BattleTech. Much like Warlord, players battle across the world and post results online as 10 fighting companies battle for dominance over 6 planets. CAV 2 is currently being developed.
 * Chronoscope: A new line of non-fantasy pewter miniatures in the tradition of Dark Heaven Legends was released in 2008. The initial launch consisted of 8 miniatures including some science fiction pieces and a cowgirl.  The line has since expanded to include additional genres, such as superheroes and espionage.  The set also includes a handful of models based on historic figures such as Buffalo Bill Cody and classic literary characters such as Sherlock Holmes and Zorro.
 * Reich of the Dead: A line of miniatures dedicated to a game of the same name that is currently in development. The game and miniature line both focus on an alternate World War II in which an Alien species called the Kroid possess and reanimate German casualties and battle American GIs.
 * Master Series Miniatures: A line dedicated to larger scale or show-piece miniatures. Of the initial ten models in the series, eight have been issued in 54 mm scale.

Previous miniature lines

 * Legendary Encounters was their line of non-random pre-painted plastics. The lineup was drawn from existing sculpts in the Dark Heaven line, with some sculpts from the Warlord line.  It was introduced in 2007.
 * P-65 Heavy Metal: A line featuring re-issued miniatures from previous Reaper product lines, particularly Dark Heaven Legends, cast in a 60% lead alloy. Production of this line ceased in February 2013.
 * Legend of the Five Rings (L5R): Another miniature line directed at a specific role playing setting: the Rokugan setting. This has an Asian flair, with samurai and ninjas for characters and enemies. Reaper's license for L5R expired on October 31, 2005.
 * Exalted: This line of miniatures was made specifically for White Wolf's Exalted RPG. Reaper's license to produce this line expired at the end of 2005, and it is no longer in production.

Paint lines
Two paint lines are produced: Pro Paints, and the Masters Series.

Reception
Scott Haring reviewed Reaper Miniatures for Pyramid #7 (May 1994) and stated that "In many ways, Reaper Miniatures is a throwback to the good old days of miniatures. No fancy four-color backing cards, foam packing and blister packs; Reaper's minis come in a small plastic bag with a red title card stapled over the top. But while the packaging may not be the best, the savings mean lower prices at the hobby shop."

ReaperCon
Reaper miniatures hosts a yearly painting and gaming convention, known as Reapercon. It normally lasts 4 days over Labor Day Weekend, with painting classes and roleplaying games held each day, and the results of the painting competition delivered Saturday night. It started in Reaper's Denton factory but expanded several times. Since 2018 it has been held at the Embassy Suites by Hilton, Denton convention center. Except for 2020 when the physical convention was canceled and held virtually. The convention has always had a painting competition and the photos of entries since 2013 can be found online. Judging is based on comparing each submission to a standard and awarded a gold, silver, bronze medal, or certificate of merit. The best are judged against each other for trophies in the categories of Painting, Open (sculpting), Diorama, and Ordinance.

title: Reaper Miniatures


text:
Torresdale, Philadelphia

Torresdale, also formerly known as Torrisdale, is a neighborhood in the Far Northeast section of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. Torresdale is located along the Delaware River between Holmesburg and Bensalem Township in neighboring Bucks County.

The adjacent confluence of the Poquessing Creek with the Delaware River had been favored by William Penn's surveyor, Thomas Holme, as the site for the city that Penn planned to found. Although a more southerly site was finally selected, Holme and others acquired property there, where he is buried.

History
Torresdale, originally Torrisdale, was named by Charles Macalester for his family's ancestral Scotland home.

Before the Act of Consolidation, 1854, Torresdale had been part of Delaware Township of Philadelphia County, and before 1853, part of Lower Dublin Township of the same county.

In 1894, Torresdale was the site of the regatta of the Rowing Association of American Colleges.

Long before the existence of what is referred to today as the Philadelphia Main Line, Torresdale, along with Holmesburg to its south and Andalusia to its north, had been Philadelphia's posh suburban neighborhood, as evidenced by Glen Foerd on the Delaware, a luxurious riverside estate and Andalusia, the Biddle estate, for which the village of Andalusia is named.

Notable sites
Torresdale is the site of Holy Family University and Nazareth Academy High School.

The Union League Golf Club at Torresdale, a Donald Ross–designed golf course, located at Frankford and Grant Avenues, is one of the finest golf courses in the Philadelphia region. In 2015, the Union League of Philadelphia undertook a complete restoration of the course and historic clubhouse, which drew significant national attention.

The Frankford Avenue Bridge over Poquessing Creek is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Camp Happy (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) a camp for underprivileged children open from 1920-1951.

All Saints' Episcopal Church was established in 1772.

Eden Hall Chapel, built in 1849 as part of the former Convent of the Sacred Heart, was demolished in 2007.

The municipal Baxter Water Treatment Plant opened in 1909 as the Torresdale Water Treatment Plant.

Glen Foerd on the Delaware is a historic estate established in 1850, listed on the National Register of Historic Places and the Historic American Landscapes.

Education
Residents are zoned to schools in the School District of Philadelphia, including Thomas Holme Elementary School, Austin Meehan Middle School, and Abraham Lincoln High School.

Notable people

 * Gia Carangi (1960-1986), model
 * Boake Carter (1903-1944), national news commentator
 * Francis Anthony Drexel (1824-1885), banker and philanthropist
 * Katharine Drexel (1858-1955), Roman Catholic saint
 * Michael Driscoll (born 1960), Philadelphia City Councilmember
 * Edwin Henry Fitler (1825-1896), businessman and 75th mayor of Philadelphia
 * Robert H. Foerderer (1860-1903), U.S. Congressman and businessman
 * Virginia Knauer (1915-2011), politician
 * William J. Green, III (born 1938), politician
 * William J. Green Jr. (1910-1963), U.S. Congressman

title: Torresdale, Philadelphia


text:
YSO

YSO may refer to:

 * Yale Symphony Orchestra
 * Young stellar object
 * Postville Airport, Postville, Labrador, Canada (IATA airport code)

title: YSO


text:
Taliparamba West

Taliparamba West is a group of suburbs and villages on the north and west of Taliparamba town. The locality is divided into two parts, south and north; South Kuppam is a part of Taliparamba municipality while North Kuppam, near Mukkunnu, is a part of Pariyaram village Panchayath.

During the 1960s and 1970s this village was a commercial center of spices. The National Highway-17 passes through Kuppam.

Suburbs and villages

 * Narikode, Muthukuda and Ezhome
 * Pattuvam, Cherukunnu and Pazhayangadi
 * Kadannappally, Kuttiyeri, Pariyaram and Pilathara

Kuppam River
Kuppam got its name from the Kuppam River, one of the 44 Rivers of Kerala, which originates from the hilly area of western Karnataka and flows into the Arabian Sea.

Once, waterways in the Kuppam River were the only mode of travel into the hilly areas of Kannur district. But since the construction of Kuppam Bridge, passenger boats have almost disappeared. The Kuppam Bridge was built in 1958 with British construction methods, which consists of five huge arches each side. The bridge is attractive for its construction style. A new bridge at Kuttiyeri Kadavu, connecting Kuttiyeri and Pariyaram opened in 2015.

title: Taliparamba West