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Wikipedia talk:File copyright tags/Archive 2

Article surgery
Hey all, sometime in the past, the entire article was duplicated in itself, with headings and discussions repeated. I just trimmed it down by removing the top half, in the theory that people prefer to reply to the part on the bottom. My apologies for any lossage involving people who were talking in the upper parts. --Improv 19:47, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Unknown Source
I am creating a new image tag, Template:Unknownsource. It should be used in the case where the license of an image is assumed or suspected to be usable with another tag (perhaps Fairuse, Promophoto, etc.) but the actual original location and copyright status is not known for certain. This differs from Template:Unverified which is used when the license is totally uknown. An example of an image where I think this tag is justified is Image:Alexis Bledel.jpg, where fair use promotional photo is assumed, but the image does not have a known source or credits for its creators.

The text of the notice currently is:

 * This is a image with an unknown source. Any assumptions about the copyright status or license of this image is opinion or speculation. Use of this image in articles should be avoided if an alternative is available with  more clear copyright status.

Comments welcomed. Thanks. --ChrisRuvolo 01:30, 15 Feb 2005 (UTC)

This has been replaced with, shortened to. --ChrisRuvolo 22:21, 15 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Ease-of-use suggestion
When I am adding images I can never remember the tags. Invariably I have to open another window, navigate to the tags page, and look them up.

What I would recommend is a pop-up containing all of the tags and a short description. When selected, they would insert that tag into the text at the current cursor location. Yes, I realize this would only work on 95% or more of the browsers out there, and I'm sorry about the other 5%, but I think this would make tagging dramatically easier, and as a result, more widely used.

Maury 13:35, 27 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * I disagree. Image tagging is a specialized function; there's no reason to muddle up the software to pander to our admittedly small project. Tree of Life didn't get a software rewrite to deal with their template issues; they worked around it. Keep another window or tab open in the background---that's what I do, and it works fine. grendel|khan 18:50, 2005 Feb 27 (UTC)

 * There is a lot of discussion over at Wikimedia Commons about doing something like this for uploads. When uploading, a user would have to select an image tag from a list, or it won't let you upload. Something like this may happen on Wikipedia. Or image uploading may occur at one single location. Or the deal with Google may change everything. It's all up in the air right now. I like the idea though. – Quadell (talk) (sleuth) 19:05, Feb 27, 2005 (UTC)
 * I like it too, it would mean the end of untagged images--nixie 06:13, 3 Mar 2005 (UTC)

United States Census Bureau
The Census Bureau is a great source of pictures, could someone clever make a template for tagging these images? Incidently we also have no tag for the US Department of Commerce--nixie 06:13, 3 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * There doesn't need to be a tag for every single agency. Just use  or  if you must be fancy. Superm401 | Talk 20:03, Jun 14, 2005 (UTC)

BBC
Have tried looking around to see if the BBC permits its images to be used online, their site policy says you can use its media for personal non-profit use, which I guess makes it not permitted on Wikipedia? Does anyone know if the BBC have permitted their images to be used? --PopUpPirate 22:02, Mar 6, 2005 (UTC)
 * As the front page of http://www.bbc.co.uk has a copyright notice, I'd assume all their content to be copyrighted unless you find something stating differently. Note that http://www.bbc.co.uk/terms/ says: "You may not copy, reproduce, republish, download, post, broadcast, transmit, make available to the public, or otherwise use bbc.co.uk content in any way except for your own personal, non-commercial use. " So it seems that no, we cannot make free use BBC images. -- Infrogmation 16:59, 8 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Catégorie:Image Art Libre
I noticed an image copied here from fr:Wikipedia, where it was tagged with the template "ArtLibre". This is apparenly some type of free licence, but I don't know the en equivilent, and fr:Catégorie:Image Art Libre has no interwiki. Can someone clarify this, is this equivelent to an existing en category, or is it something different that we can/or can't use? Wondering, -- Infrogmation
 * There's an equivalent en tag: Template:FAL. Both tags declare Copyleft, so they seem suitable for use on Wikipedia.  I've taken the liberty of transwikifying  the two templates. -- EagleOne 21:10, Mar 8, 2005 (UTC)

Clip art?
I've been using this image for a while on my user page and it's only recently occurred to me that this might be copyrighted.

The image itself is based on fairly poor-res version of a piece of Microsoft Word clip art. I traced over everything again to clean it up and then changed the colors. But is this enough to distinguish it from the original? And if not, could the original be copyrighted? Can someone shed some light on this? IKato 08:48, 13 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * Unfortunately, we can't use Microsoft clip art. MS is not at all helpful about this. "In some instances, Microsoft cannot specifically grant permission for end users to reproduce, redistribute or modify clip art located in our products, because certain clip art may be owned by third parties and licensed to Microsoft. . . Microsoft will not assist you in making this determination, and special permission to use Microsoft clipart will not be granted to you by the Permissions/Copyright Group."

 * However, if you've traced over it and changed the colors, I'm not sure whether the copyright holder would have a case or not. Either way, I applaud you for caring; lots of people have copyvios on their user pages, and these have been mostly ignored. – Quadell (talk) (sleuth) 13:37, Mar 13, 2005 (UTC)

 * Thanks for your help. Unless something mitigating comes up, I'm going to remove it for now just to be safe. IKato 22:43, 13 Mar 2005 (UTC)

forestryimages.org
Been getting no reply to this at Wikipedia talk:Image use policy - anyone here any ideas? or at least know where to ask to get an answer?

There's a huge collection of tree and forestry photos at http://www.forestryimages.org/. Most are taken by private individuals and copyrighted, with (usually) a non-commercial licence note attached; fair enough.

However, some are marked as taken by United States Forest Service personnel - these photos carry the same non-commercial license restrictions on the page (typical example: this one). Yet surely as US Government photos, these are in the public domain and free of copyright? Can I ignore the stated restrictions as being incorrect, and use these USFS photos with the tag ? - thanks, MPF 11:59, 14 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * AIUI, they would only be PD if they are full employees and the pictures were taken in the course of their duties. Whether or not this applies in each case is difficult to ascertain, and in every, very much highly unlikely.
 * James F. (talk) 12:35, 14 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Granting into the public domain
Lately I've become concerned about works on Wikipedia supposedly granted into the public domain by their authors, including a number of my own. According to an e-mail I recently received from the U.S. Copyright Office:

 * "Please be advised that one may not grant their work into the public domain. However, a copyright owner may release all of their rights to their work by stating the work may be freely reproduced, distributed, etc."

In other words, it's currently impossible to grant one's own work into the public domain, and a statement willing it into the public domain has no legal effect. This suggests that such works currently put us in some danger, since the owner still retains full copyright despite what we or they might think (although you might argue in court about their intent).

It would seem we need some kind of statement that authors can apply instead — a sort of "public-domain-equivalent" license that irrevocably releases all rights to the work. Although it might seem like there's no harm in also saying it's granted into the public domain, I'm concerned that, like a contract, there exists the possibility that one unenforcable stipulation might render the entire license void. Of course, I am not a lawyer, and I'd like to hear a real lawyer's opinion on all this. In any case it seems like some action needs to be taken. Deco 18:23, 14 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * Hmmm. Creative Commons seems to imply the opposite, but Public domain seems to agree with you. Damn legal stuff. --SPUI (talk) 18:42, 14 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * Nor am I a lawyer, but I agree, something needs to be done. We could modify the language of the PD-self, PD-user, and PD-link tags to reflect the language of the note from the Copyright Office.  I suggest the following:
 * I, the creator of this image, hereby release all rights to this work. Permission is granted to freely reproduce, modify, and distribute this work.  This applies worldwide.
 * Again, I'm not a lawyer, so the language may need tweaking. – EagleOne 18:54, Mar 14, 2005 (UTC)
 * So is anything going to be done about this? Your wording looks good, but no lawyers in the hizzy. --SPUI (talk) 01:48, 26 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Unfortunately, changing the language of existing licenses is likely to get us in trouble — since, legally, the contributors have not yet released any rights, we can't go releasing rights on their behalf without their permission. That's why I propose below we simply retire the existing tags and ask the original authors to change the tags. Deco 06:57, 4 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Who needs a new tag for this? Just CopyrightedFreeUse should do the trick. dbenbenn | talk 05:21, 4 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * I hesitatingly recommend we retire the PD-self and PD-user tags, recommending CopyrightedFreeUse in its place, since technically no one can place their own works in the public domain. This could save us a lot of potential trouble, and convincing contributors to change over probably isn't a big deal. Is everyone for this change? I realise we might want a CopyrightedFreeUseUser tag to indicate which user is the copyright holder. Deco 06:03, 4 Apr 2005 (UTC)

MultiLicenseMinorPD and MultiLicensePD are also in trouble, then.  —msh210 15:40, 4 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * These never made any sense anyway — a work is either copyrighted or in the public domain, not both. In fact, even multi-licensing both free-use and GFDL makes no sense, because this is simply equivalent to free-use. We should encourage users of these to move to the appropriate free-use tag for text contributions (what would that be?) Deco 18:10, 4 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Just pinging this for people's watchlists — if there is no complaint in the next several hours, I will proceed to deprecate the tags that claim that an author has released their work into the public domain and inform the necessary users about the change. I've created a project page explaining this here: You can't grant your work into the public domain. I will deprecate the text-licensing tags later on after I've warned them properly. Deco 03:24, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * I think you're right; I have never liked CopyrightedFreeUse because I suspect people don't realize quite what they're letting themselves in for (in particular, I'm not sure they realize this includes modification and sale). I made a suggestion on Wikipedia talk:You can't grant your work into the public domain for an unambiguous replacement tag (which may need some discussion). --Andrew 04:56, Apr 8, 2005 (UTC)

 * For the record, the final consensus seems to be that there's no consensus and so no changes will be effected. See Wikipedia talk: Granting work into the public domain some discussion. Deco 06:23, 10 Apr 2005 (UTC)

photographs of trademarked products
I've become interested in taking photographs to illustrate articles. If I take a picture of, say, a Coca-Cola can, can I release that into the public domain or under the GFDL? Or since it is a photograph of a presumably trademarked design, can I not do that? — Knowledge Seeker দ 04:14, 21 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * As I understand it, you can release any extra rights you would have over the fair use of the product under any license. So someone using it would have to comply with fair use and whatever you specify. Trademarks are a different matter - if they're old enough to be PD as copyrights, the only restrictions are on using them in a way that violates the trademark (like selling the image on a soda can). --SPUI (talk) 01:48, 26 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * A trademarked word cannot be copyrighted, and is free for you to use with or without the trademark symbol. Logos, however, are frequently copyrighted in addition to being a trademark. I am not a lawyer, though, and this isn't professional legal advice. Deco 06:52, 4 Apr 2005 (UTC)

PD-USSR
Text in Template:PD-USSR is incorrect:
 * ''According to the laws of the Soviet Union, all works published before May 27, 1973 were not protected by copyright and were thus in the public domain.

It's incorrect. These works were protected by copyright in USSR (and they are protected in Russia now), but until May 27 it was not recognized internationaly. So it's not worldwide public domain! See ru:& (in Russian). --ajvol 07:08, 28 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * So, where does that leave us with this tag? Are there any Russian laws on works in the public domain?  Should we scrap the tag altogether? — EagleOne\Talk 04:06, Mar 29, 2005 (UTC)
 * New text:
 * All works published in Soviet Union before May 27, 1973 were not protected by International Copyright Conventions and were thus in the public domain in many countries (in Russia some of these works yet protected).
 * Is it OK? --ajvol 05:59, 29 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Looks good. I've made a couple grammatical changes; see below.  Do you have a link to a website on Russian copyright laws that we can throw in there?  Possibly in English?
 * Also, what is the copyright status of these texts in contemporary Russia? The text needs a little more information in that area. — EagleOne\Talk 19:02, Mar 29, 2005 (UTC)
 * User:DaeX has done large research in this field (in Russian). As result: all works published in Soviet Union before July 28, 1954 are now in worldwide public domain (protection expired). Works published in Soviet Union before May 27, 1973, but after July 28, 1954 are now in public domain in all countries except Russia and, probably, ex-USSR countries (these works were not protected by International Copyright Conventions, but they were protected by national copyright), they will in public domain in Russia in July 29 2024. Works published in Soviet Union after May 27, 1973 are protected by modern international copyright. But all my sources only in Russian, so we need Copyright in USSR article in English (I'll request it in Russian Wikipedia community. Sorry for my English :( --ajvol 12:35, 30 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Proposed text
''All works published in the Soviet Union between July 28, 1954, and May 27, 1973, are not protected by international copyright conventions and are thus in the public domain in many countries. (In Russia and other former Soviet republics, some of these works may still be protected by copyright.)''

 * This is misleading. Solshenyzin's "August 14" was published illegally in France as a member of the Berne convention and was thus protected in Germany (German decision in 1990 BGHZ 64, 183). --172.180.228.181 22:20, 10 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * Was it published in Russian language? Otherwise, probably, only translation are protected. --ajvol 05:40, 11 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * I made a few grammar changes. – Quadell (talk) (sleuth) 19:41, Mar 29, 2005 (UTC)
 * And I; also, I added the info about 1954 and the other former SSrs per above discussion. —msh210 14:34, 5 Apr 2005 (UTC)

I cannot verify that anything written here is correct. If we have no extensive translation of the Russian legal position we cannot assert that the facts are as assumed in our template. Please do not ignore the following links:

 * http://active.wplus.net/copyright-monitoring/en/problems.html
 * http://www.rusnet.nl/news/2003/11/14/report04.shtml
 * http://web.archive.org/web/20040604060309/
 * http://www.library.arizona.edu/library/teams/fah/subpathpages/Russian.Slavic/RIL/library/copyright/copyright.htm (Quote: materials published in the USSR before 1973 MAY STILL BE PROTECTED in other countries.)

Copyright term in Russia: 50 years post mortem auctoris: http://www.fips.ru/avpen/docs.htm (Copyright Act 1993, engl.)

We should avoid wishful thinking and if there is a doubt we should avoid claiming one opinion for a fact. --172.180.228.181 21:13, 10 Apr 2005 (UTC) (de:Historiograf)

From here (PDF) This may help to clarify things:

Each of the following Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) countries: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan (but not the CIS countries Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia) is a successor state to the Soviet Union’s copyright treaty obligations, in particular, the obligations under the UCC Geneva, and accordingly is a member of the UCC Geneva effective May 27, 1973, the date the Soviet Union became a party. The successor status in each case was confirmed in a bilateral trade agreement between each of these countries and the United States, effective in each case on the date set forth below. Note that the successor status is consistent with the treatment by UNESCO (secretariat for the UCC) of these countries. The effective dates of the bilateral agreements with the United States confirming the successor status are as follows:

 * Azerbaijan (April 21, 1995)
 * Belarus (Feb. 16, 1993)
 * Georgia (Aug. 13, 1993)
 * Kazakhstan (Feb. 18, 1993)
 * Kyrgyz Republic (Aug. 21, 1992)
 * Moldova (July 2, 1992)
 * Russia (June 17, 1992)
 * Tajikistan (Nov. 24,1993)
 * Turkmenistan (Oct. 25,1993)
 * Ukraine (June 23,1992)
 * Uzbekistan (Jan. 13, 1994)

and

Russia:
 * UCC Geneva May 27, 1973
 * SAT Dec. 25, 1991
 * UCC Paris March 9, 1995
 * Berne March 13, 1995 (Paris)
 * Phonograms March 13, 1995

ALKIVAR ™ 07:26, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)

New icon
I took the liberty of changing the template icon from Image:Hammer and sickle.png to the more discrete and correct Image:Flag of the Soviet Union.png. Salleman 19:04, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Templates should link here
Every template's talk page should link back to here or something:

"See Template messages/Image namespace and Image copyright tags"

- Omegatron 18:33, Mar 28, 2005 (UTC)

Commons templates
I think commons templates for PD and stuff are prettier. Can we copy them? - Omegatron 18:33, Mar 28, 2005 (UTC)
 * My guess is that we can copy their design. I've looked at most of the templates, and the wording appears to be identical.  The question is, do we want to go through the trouble of replacing all of the templates that we have developed thus far? — EagleOne\Talk 03:59, Mar 29, 2005 (UTC)

CopyrightedFreeUseProvidedThat
I've been having a long conversation at User talk:Dbenbenn about what kinds of restrictions are allowed on the CopyrightedFreeUseProvidedThat tag. My position is that since the tag places its images in a subcategory of Category:Free images, certain restrictions are not allowed, such as disallowing modification. User:Twthmoses disagrees, and tags all his images, such as Image:P38 AC44.jpg, with

Opinions? What restrictions exactly are allowed with that problematic tag? dbenbenn | talk 05:28, 4 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * I was looking over at your entry at Commons:Commons talk:Copyright tags, and you indeed have found some interesting cases. I would say they are not free images, and thus can’t be on Commons. They have clear reproduction and use restrictions. I found some interesting cases too looking around. Some of them make my entry look like a schoolboy copyright, and some of them are clearly not free images. It would be nice with some guidelines here…
 * Commons:Image:BSD-daemon-rendering.png Is such a large credit requirement not an image restriction too?
 * Commons:Image:E 022 3A.jpg Notification of author on use!
 * Commons:Image:Embraer supertucano.jpg Weird!
 * Commons:Image:Minhocampusparty2002 logob.gif Not alter
 * Commons:Image:Nickshanks.png Use and reproduction restrictions.
 * Commons:Image:Pär Nuder.jpg A valid date? Huh? Twthmoses 06:26, 4 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * I looked at some of the other tags.
 * How can CrownCopyright be an ok tag to use when it stats “reproduced accurately”? does that not mean ‘Not edit”? how else can you reproduced accurately?
 * WorldCoin seems to be a halfheaded tag. It grants Wikipedia full permission to use, not users of wikipedia or any other! and does full permission for use also mean full permission to modify?

 * LearningandSkillsCouncilCopyright also contains the reproduced accurately string. "Accurately" most mean a modification restriction. Right? What else does it mean? It also contains reproduction restrictions, since you can't use it in "misleading context". Is that not a reproduction restriction? Btw the above CrownCopyright also has this as well as NationalAuditOfficeCopyright and NHSCopyright
 * CanadaCopyright is much better and much more accruate if no restriction is allowed on images on Wikipendia, they only ask that the user "use due diligence" in ensuring the accuracy of the materials reproduced.

 * OntarioCopyright Does not state it specified, but state "reproduced for non-commercial purposes" does that mean you cannot use it for commercial use? If so is the image then actually free? Should it not be listed under none-free images?
 * CACTVSGIF has clear restriction on use.
 * HABS is just plain weird. What it is basically saying is that it is the users responsabillity to find if the images are really free. How do one know if images under this tag is really free? What an easy way to make it PD!!
 * PAphoto may not be supplyed to 3rd parties?? Huh? A restriction and what excatlty is 3rd party? In the link it is stated that it has clear mod. restrictions. This is not free images.

 * Many weird things here........Twthmoses 07:38, 4 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * I have a different position. I believe CopyrightedFreeUseProvidedThat should not be considered a free license — nor, in fact, should it be used at all except in exceptional cases. People who are not lawyers should not be randomly inventing a multitude of licenses. Not only will many of them create non-free licenses, willingly or accidentally, but many will create licenses that courts are likely to rule unenforcable, self-contradictory, or meaningless. It also makes them very difficult to combine with other works under other licenses. This really isn't the sort of mess we want to get into. Deco 08:21, 4 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * That might be a valid and good opinion, but as you can see some of the tags already listed right here as FREE or PD tags, are actually not free (in the true sense of the word) and contain restrictions of both use and modifications. Why should a normal mortal user also not be able to makes such same restrictions? Why is CrownCopyright more "right", and allowed, then a user making the same restrictions? Because they can better enforce it? Does capability to enforce make you more right? Hmm... I think the real question here is; how free must an image be to be on wikipendia? I think that needs to be resolved first.Twthmoses 08:52, 4 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * By a free license I don't mean a free-use license. It's alright to place restrictions, but the issue is that it's easy to create a license that is completely bogus if you don't know what you're doing. For example, take a look at the Artistic License or the zlib license. They're well-intended but much too vague to be useful or safe. Licenses like the GFDL or the CC licenses (or, yes, the Crown Copyright) were carefully reviewed by professional lawyers, which is a luxury we can't afford for every license invented by a user. (To clarify, the statement in the template is not necessarily legally accurate, but it refers to a fully reviewed license statement elsewhere.) Deco 18:27, 4 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * Deco, do you think we should move Category:Conditional use images to a different parent category? And move CopyrightedFreeUseProvidedThat to a different section of Image copyright tags.  I totally agree with your point about creating bogus licenses; we shouldn't be encouraging that.  dbenbenn | talk 18:57, 4 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * I think it is two different subjects here. Is it allowed to put images on Wikipedia where there are restrictions on both modifiability and reproduction?

 * If it IS allowed then there can’t be any argument that a normal user is allowed to enter whatever he likes on the CopyrightedFreeUseProvidedThat, even make up bogus copyrights.

 * If it is NOT allowed, then about two dozen other established tags, which are currently listed under free licenses and PD, includingCrownCopyright should be listed under un-free images, and eventually deleted.

 * The original discussion came about because dbenbenn thinks that my tagging makes my images un-free. Fair enough. But I can’t take a CrownCopyright Winston Churchill image and paint a Hitler moustache on it and then re-publish it. That is absolutely no different then my tagging. So either they are both disallowed or they are both allowed.

 * dbenbenn even gives a tag that is listed as un-free on wikipedia Cc-by-nd-2.0. But how is "No Derivative Works" of this "Do not upload images for which one of the tags in this section applies" tag different from "reproduced accurately and not used in a misleading context" from the CrownCopyright, which is a tag that is allowed? This is not a wording contest is it? Create the most hidden restrictions and still manage to slip it in under "free".

 * As for the 2nd subject. Creating bogus licenses. I agree on that (even though I do it myself :)), it should not be encouraged. I will probably retool to GFDL, after reading it carefully.Twthmoses 19:55, 4 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Releasing all rights
After a painful and unpleasant discussion on Wikipedia talk:Granting work into the public domain, the lack-of-consensus seems to be that we should ignore the legal problems with granting one's own work into the public domain. Fair enough. But I want to release all rights to my work unambiguously. The current recommendation is CopyrightedFreeUse, but that license makes me nervous: I'm not convinced people who use it realize how broadly we interpret "free use" (i.e., including modification and commercial use without credit). Of course, once a tag has been slapped on an image, we can't change the tag (we should perhaps be using subst) without consulting the author.

So I propose (sigh) a new tag that unambiguously releases all rights to an image. Here's my suggestion:

It could become NoRightsReserved (or something else if a better name is available). There could also be corresponding NoRightsReservedUser and NoRightsReservedSelf if they're useful.

Note that I am not suggesting some sort of giant project to replace all PD-release tags with this; I just want a good tag for my own work, and I personally am not comfortable with the uncertainty involved with PD-release or CopyrightedFreeUse. --Andrew 21:02, Apr 10, 2005 (UTC)
 * Actually, I still find it unclear whether one has to provide a copyright notice when exploiting the image, or not. Jonas Olson 22:04, 17 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Is this clearer? When someone uses the image for something, they can't legally claim their own copyright on it (although they can claim copyright on any expressive changes they make) but they are not required to attach attribution or indicate in any way what the original copyright permissions were. --Andrew 23:37, Apr 17, 2005 (UTC)

 * Ok, done. --Andrew 13:00, May 3, 2005 (UTC)

Releasing your own works under a certain version of GFDL
Currently, it seems like you have to accept current, and future, versions of the GDFL when uploading your own works. I have always found it strange to release something under a licence you have never seen, so I wonder why it shouldn't be possible to specify the version which should be applied. Jonas Olson 22:00, 17 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Protection of copyright tags?
Twice now, I've tried to fix minor wording errors in copyright tags only to find them protected. Questions on the talk page have not elicited responses. Protected pages include CopyrightedFreeUse, CopyrightedFreeUse-User (but not CopyrightedFreeUse-Link), CrownCopyright, NationalAuditOfficeCopyright, NHSCopyright (but not CanadaCopyright), Cc-by, Fairuse, and so on.

Why were they protected? Wouldn't some discussion, or at least, an explanation have been nice? And can someone unprotect them please so I can fix (for example) the wording of CrownCopyright to indicate that it's specifically for UK government material? --Andrew 23:49, Apr 17, 2005 (UTC)

Importing Cornell Copyright Table
This table is helpful - fills incomplete holes in this artice's explanation. Any objections to importing it under publicdomain? Lotsofissues 15:33, 26 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * The table is not public domain. It is under the cc-by-nc license, which is listed under "non-free licenses".  I don't think you can use it in Wikipedia. --ChrisRuvolo 15:47, 26 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * © 2004 Peter B. Hirtle. Use of this chart is governed by the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License. In addition, permission is granted for non-profit educational use, including but not limited to reserves and coursepacks made by for-profit copyshops.

Charts from United Nations reports
I have used a chart from the PDF of a UN report on HIV for the AIDS in Africa article (Image:UNAIDS 2004 HIVAfrica85-03.png).

I cannot conceivably imagine they would object to the dissemination of this information and have put a tag on it. However, the copyright blerb reads:

 * All rights reserved. Publications produced by UNAIDS can be obtained from the UNAIDS Information Centre. Requests for permission to reproduce or translate UNAIDS publications—whether for sale or for noncom-mercial distribution—should also be addressed to the Information Centre at the address below, or by fax, at +41 22 791 4187, or e-mail: publicationpermissions@unaids.org.

Should someone email them and ask permission to reproduce graphs? Or does fair use cover this? It would probably be useful for the future to have their permission. UN material probably merits its own category and template notice too. TreveX 20:28, 26 Apr 2005 (UTC)

What's in the public domain and what's not.
If you want to know what's in the public domain and what's not, you might be interested in User:Quadell/copyright. – Quadell (talk) (sleuth) 21:06, Apr 26, 2005 (UTC)

screenshots
thumb|50px|Ann CoulterFor a screenshot to qualify as fair use, does it need to include the entire screen, or can it be siginificantly edited down? I've seen some images which have had all the identifying marks removed that have still been listed as screenshots. thumb|50px|Tidus. Here are two examples I've run across. Thanks of any input. -Willmcw 03:03, May 1, 2005 (UTC)

Fair use does not require the entire image to be used. (For instance, one of the classic fair uses is to use a brief quote from a book - this is essentially the same as cropping an image.) – Quadell (talk) (sleuth) 13:42, May 7, 2005 (UTC)

 * Thanks. But can any screenshot, edited down to remove identifying text, be freely used? If there's a copyrighted image that is on a website, computer game, etc., which is then isolated on its own so that it no longer aqppears as a screenshot, haven't we basically just copied that photo or artwork? What would keep us from going over the Corbis website and taking screenshots of their collection to add to articles? On a second issue, should all screenshots, since they are a form of fair use, be at the lowest usable quality? Thanks for your time and attention. Cheers, -Willmcw 22:10, May 8, 2005 (UTC)

 * The screenshot tag is currently kind of a mess. For example, if I take a screenshot of the open-source video game nethack, it's difficult to see how the screenshot can be non-free, but it's classified along with screenshots of copyrighted programs.  Moreover, there are three different possible sources of copyright on a screenshot: copyright on the program, copyright on the data displayed, and copyright on the screenshot itself.  The last of this is probably void, since there is so little creative expression involved in taking a screenshot (although this involves selecting data, UI themes, cropping, rescaling, and so on). A screenshot of copyrighted data (for example, a screenshot of the GIMP displaying a copyrighted image) is certainly a derived work of the data.  A screenshot of free data but a copyrighte program is pretty ambiguous - on the one had, you could view it as a photograph of a new model of car, for which the car maker doesn't get copyright, but on the other hand any modern program contains a number of custom images and layouts as part of its UI design.
 * For this reason, screenshots are just treated as fair use here. So yes, they should be of just-good-enough quality.  This is true for practical reasons too: screenshots rescale badly. --Andrew 22:59, May 8, 2005 (UTC)

 * How would the Corbis example be fair use? Just because it's a screenshot doesn't make it fair use.  Fair use is applied on a case-by-case basis.  Image X may be fair use if used in article X but not article Y.  The article on fair use does a fairly decent job of explaining it, I think. kmccoy (talk) 08:07, 26 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Copyright labeling
I'm trying to label an image Image:Bahai.jpg which was uploaded by someone else however I'm struggling. I found a page which specifies the copyright and its certainly legal to use, even available for making profit with etc, but I can't find a tag that matches. I contacted the original uploader and he didn't get permission but thats not required according to the copyright page (http://www.bahai.org/copyright).

I've left the details in the description page.

Any help would be nice. -- Tomhab 15:22, 1 May 2005 (UTC)

 * In this case, I think you should use logo. (I've tagged it.) For other images on the page, it's quite possible that, while the terms for re-use are quite generous, they're not compatable with the GFDL, so we can't use them. – Quadell (talk) (sleuth) 13:39, May 7, 2005 (UTC)

General non-free licenses
Under the section General non-free licenses it says: "Do not upload images for which one of the tags in this section applies." This includes both the copyrighted tag and the permission tag. So if we're not supposed to upload images we have permission to use, then what images are we supposed to use? And why did someone go through the trouble to create tags that can't be used anyway since we're not allowed to upload such images? This seems confusing, and therefor my guess is that I have completely misunderstood these instructions. I would appreciate if anyone could clear this up for me. Maver1ck 09:29, 7 May 2005 (UTC)

 * The Permission and Copyright tags both say essentially the same thing: that the copyright holder has said that Wikipedia can use the images, but other sites that copy Wikipedia content can't. Since Wikipedia, in its entirety, is released under the GFDL, those images are violations of the GFDL, even if Wikipedia has permission to use them. (If, instead, Wikipedia has permission to use the images under the GFDL, then we use the GFDL tag, not the permission one.)
 * These tags were created in order to tag existing images. They may eventually be deleted, but it's good to organize them first. For instance, some kind soul might wish to look through all the images tagged "Permission" to see if any of these also count as fair use (in which case we can use them), or to see if we want to write the copyright holder to ask permission to use the images under the GFDL. – Quadell (talk) (sleuth) 13:34, May 7, 2005 (UTC)

Pics donated to US government
A few pics from here have been uploaded for an article on fish parasites. The pics were donated by the maker to the US Fish and Wildlife service. Attribution was the best tag I could think of, can someone suggest something better? --nixie 00:25, 10 May 2005 (UTC)

Non-free pictures
What is to be done with all the pictures that have been tagged with non-free licenses? There are hundred and hundreds of images tagged copyrighted and in the Non-commercial use only images category. I'm sure that this has all been discussed before, but are these images allowed to remain? — Asbestos | Talk 10:51, 13 May 2005 (UTC)

Non-derivative issue
What is our stance on licenses that do not allow derivatives. On the one hand, Creative Commons No-Derivs is banned. Yet, Crown Copyright is allowed, despite requiring "accurate reproduction." Clarification requested. Superm401-Talk 17:54, May 22, 2005 (UTC)

Tagging sounds?
I've uploaded some short (30-second) audio clips of songs for The Supremes for some music articles I have worked on. The moderator I worked on the page with informed me that featured music articles should have sound samples. How do I go about properly tagging the sound samples? --FuriousFreddy 03:42, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * I suppose you should ckeck whether it's fair use here. Superm401 | Talk 01:31, Jun 4, 2005 (UTC)

Question
Can one of yall tell me what is the image tag if you want an image to be requested to be renamed? Thanks. Zscout370 (Sound Off) 02:10, 9 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Sure thing. Use    (Image For Renaming). — EagleOne\Talk 19:11, Jun 10, 2005 (UTC)

Indian public domain
I've made a template for the Indian public domain images. Indian copyright info can be read here:, , ', , '. Someone familiar with legalese terms may want to fully decode it. =Nichalp (Talk)= 18:53, Jun 12, 2005 (UTC)

GFDL-user
Is there a reason why there is PD-user but not GFDL-user or just noone needed it so far? helix84 19:25, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * See: GFDL-self. --ChrisRuvolo (t) 19:50, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * -self and -user are different things. [[Image:helix84.jpg|33px]] helix84 20:24, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Doesn't seem that different to me. See Template talk:PD-self.  --ChrisRuvolo (t) 22:49, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Logos / Coats-of-arms
Hi. Does the fair use rationale behind the "logo" and "coatofarms" tags apply to the arms or logo as a conceptual idea; or to the specific artwork inherent in them; or both? Obviously the "conceptual idea" is in most cases governed under some sort of trademark law (or heraldic law in the UK) while the artwork is presumably regular copyright. If the rationale only extends to the idea, then that would mean that we'd have to redraw many logos/coats-of-arms from scratch ourselves; if only to the artwork — well, that would be pretty pointless & we'd really be up the creek!; and if to both, then we're OK and all the thousands of arms and logos can stand as they are. Thanks, oh legal experts, for your help. Doops 21:55, 17 Jun 2005 (UTC)

salem witch trials – actual documents
The University of Virginia is posting these on the Web at ... http://etext.virginia.edu/salem/witchcraft/archives/MassHist/ ... and they are all original documents.

As I understand, all court documents – be they either from the present Government or a former "overthrown" government that has been amalgamated into the present – are public domain UNLESS they have been officially labeled: classified, confidential, secret, or top secret.

If this is not so, please explain else-wise. I have already uploaded one of the images to a webpage that I started entitled Mary Walcott.

WB2 07:34, 19 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Several questions about licensing

 * 1) What I would ideally like for my images (and other contributions) is to release them as copyleft.  In other words, they can be used by anyone for any purpose as long as derivative works are released the same way.  Initially I tried wading through all this nonsense and just decided to be lazy and left them as PD, which allows people to modify them and release the derivative in a non-free way, correct?  I would like to change my licensing to a copyleft license, but I can't figure them out!  Why are there so many different licenses that do the same thing and are incompatible with each other??  So what do I do?  License them under GFDL, CC, free art, and BSD license all at the same time?  I don't see a tag for that...
 * 2) Is it even legally possible to change a tag after you have put one on an image?  Isn't the version that I originally tagged PD forever and ever?  I can't revoke that, can I?
 * 3) I thought all images uploaded to wikipedia were implicitly under the GFDL as well as whatever tag people put on it.  Is this not true?  So if someone puts their own picture up that has a  tag on it, they are also implicitly releasing it under the GFDL, so this image is still ok, right? - Omegatron 18:38, Jun 19, 2005 (UTC)

AP photos
I am curious what tag you would use for photo's off of Associated Press? --ZeWrestler 01:00, 23 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * I would use . dbenbenn | talk 14:17, 23 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * There's no way it could classify as fairuse at all? -- ZeWrestler 20:09, 23 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * If it qualified as fair use, you would tag it as . Superm401 | Talk 00:56, Jun 24, 2005 (UTC)
 * Sounds good, but how would a user know to put one or the other? -- ZeWrestler 12:02, 24 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Read Fair use, there are really limited situations where fair use can be claimed.--nixie 12:33, 24 Jun 2005 (UTC)


text:
Wikipedia:WikiProject Metalworking/Article list

List of the metalworking articles I could find. Note this list specifically does not include welding, metallurgy, metals or alloys, or blacksmithing terms/tools. (although I'm sure a few articles have made it in). Welding is already rather well developed, and needs little work. Metallurgy is an entire project in its own, so I figure we should just link to/from it a few times. A list of metals and common alloys encountered in machining would be good, but as an article, not a category (imho). Blacksmithing is something I'm very unfamilar with, and didn't see much of.

This is probably the last automagically generated list; future ones should be manually updated. PLEASE add any articles to this list as well as to Category:Metalworking or wherever else you add them! Bushytails 23:45, 6 September 2005 (UTC)

Categories
I figure once we have a complete list, we can start on the category structure, then copy+paste items from the list into the proposed category structure and strike them out on the big list, to keep track of what's left that hasn't been sorted, etc.

I'm checking pages I move onto this list to make sure they're what they sound like, and giving them a quick check to see if they belong on the attention needing list... while you don't have to do this to sort them, it may save time later. Bushytails 20:18, 7 September 2005 (UTC)

Sorted list: (remove articles from above unsorted list, put them here...  be bold!  reorganize categories, etc if you see a better way to do things!)

Metalworking – Category:Metalworking

Metalworking hand tools
Category:Metalworking hand tools
 * Ball-peen hammer
 * Combination square
 * Drift pin (stub, see punches)
 * File (metalwork) (dupe - see cutting tools)
 * File (tool) (dupe - see cutting tools)
 * Hammer
 * Hand scraper (dupe)
 * Machinist square (dupe, see measuring tools)
 * Magnetic base (dupe, see machine tools)
 * Pliers
 * Power tool (non traditional but ? sort of)
 * Punch (engineering)
 * Punches
 * Rotary tool
 * Scriber
 * Tongs
 * Tool (maybe?)
 * Vise (tool)
 * Workbench
 * Wrench
 * Please see Cutting Tools for hand saws.
 * Please see Drill and Threading for hand tools related to those topics.

Machining

 * Please see Drilling and Threading for more machining related topics.
 * Machining Category:Machining
 * Machine tool

Bushytails Agreed, groupless they shall be Graibeard 16:20, 9 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Electrical discharge machining
 * Electro chemical machining
 * Shaper

Milling Machines and tools
Category:Milling machine
 * Milling machine
 * Temper mill
 * (milling machine types, 3 axis, 5 axis, cutters, etc go here)
 * Endmill
 * Engraving
 * Hobbing machine

 * Pantograph (milling) or copy mill see Pantograph

Lathes and tools
Category:Lathe
 * (everything lathe related)
 * Facing
 * Knurling
 * Lathe
 * Lathe carrier
 * Lathe center
 * Lathe (metal)
 * Turning
 * Milling (driven tools)

CNC
Category:CNC, CAD, and CAM
 * (g-code, tool path generation, 2.5d, CAM, maybe the main CAD article just to relate it, etc)
 * 2.5D
 * CNC
 * Direct Numerical Control
 * G-code
 * Numerical control
 * Stewart platform

Grinders
Category:Grinding and lapping
 * Abrasive
 * Angle grinder
 * Bench grinder
 * Coated abrasives
 * Diamond plate
 * Flick grinder
 * Grindersparks Deleted for lack of notability, content was merged into Snipe hunt
 * Grinding dresser
 * Grinding machine
 * Grinding wheel
 * Lapping
 * Sandpaper
 * Spark testing metals
 * Surface grinder
 * Tool and Cutter grinder
 * Whetstone (tool)

Machine tooling
Category:Machine tooling
 * Angle plate
 * Chuck (engineering)
 * Collet
 * Fixture (engineering)
 * Indexing head
 * Lathe center (dupe, also in Lathes and tools)
 * Machine tapers
 * Magnetic base (dupe, see hand tools)
 * Mandrel (or arbor)
 * Rotary table
 * Wiggler (tool) (dupe)
 * Driven tools/Live tools

Measuring tools and procedures
Category:Metalworking measuring instruments
 * Measuring tools
 * (rulers, squares, calipers, dial gauges, prussian blue, etc go here)
 * Bore gauge
 * Caliper
 * Dial indicator
 * Engineer's blue
 * Feeler gauge
 * Fishtail-Center gauge
 * Gauge blocks
 * Gauge (engineering)
 * Go-NoGo gauge
 * Machinist square (dupe, see hand tools)
 * Marking blue
 * Marking gauge
 * Marking out
 * Micrometer
 * Ruler
 * Sine bar
 * Spirit level (Engineers)
 * Straightedge
 * Surface plate
 * Tape measure
 * Thread pitch gauge
 * Vernier height gauge
 * Vernier scale
 * Wiggler (tool) (dupe)

Cutting machines
Category:Cutting machines
 * (saws, plasma cutters, guillotines, etc go here)
 * Water jet cutter
 * Band saw
 * Hacksaw
 * Laser cutting
 * Miter saw
 * Plasma cutting
 * Saw

Cutting tools
Category:Metalworking cutting tools
 * Broach (metalwork)
 * Chisel
 * Counterbore
 * Countersink
 * Cutting tool (stub, needs work)
 * File (metalwork) (dupe - see hand tools)
 * File (tool) (dupe - see hand tools)
 * Hand scraper (dupe)
 * High speed steel
 * Milling cutter (dupe from Milling Machines and tools)
 * Reamer
 * Throatless shear
 * Tipped tool
 * Tool bit

Drilling and threading
Category:Drilling and threading
 * (all the drill bit articles, tapes and dies, etc)
 * Drill
 * Drill bit
 * Drill bit shank
 * Drill bit sizes
 * Drilling
 * Pin chuck
 * Taps and dies
 * Tap wrench

Press tools and metal forming
Category:Metal forming
 * Coin die
 * Coining (machining)
 * Cold rolling (not really, but it's the best fit)
 * Die (manufacturing)
 * Drawing (manufacturing) (ditto above)
 * Electromagnetic forming
 * Extrusion Moulding
 * Flypress
 * Hot rolling
 * Hydraulic press
 * Hydroforming
 * Machine press
 * Press
 * Punching
 * Punch press
 * Rolling
 * Shear (disambig guilottine, added to press tools for shearing action)
 * Swage

Fabrication

 * Fabrication (metal)
 * Sheet metal Category:Sheet metal forming Category:Fabrication
 * Brake (box and pan)
 * Crimp (joining)
 * Guillotine (metalwork)
 * Ironworker
 * Nibbler
 * Sheet metal forming see Talk:Sheet metal forming
 * Sheet metal see Talk:Sheet metal forming
 * Soldering

Jewellery and fine fabrication
Category:Fine fabrication? or Category:Jewellery making (existing)
 * Beadwork
 * Callaïs
 * Casting
 * Centrifugal casting
 * Cloisonné
 * Doming technique
 * Doming block
 * Draw plate
 * Engraving
 * Filigree
 * Findings
 * Fretwork
 * Goldwork
 * Lapidary
 * Metal clay
 * Millesimal fineness
 * Omega chain
 * Persian weave
 * Relief
 * Repoussé and chasing
 * Soldering
 * Vacuum casting
 * Water torch
 * Wire wrap jewellery

Smithing
Category:Smiths
 * (forging, drawing, etc goes here)
 * Smith (metalwork)
 * Anvil
 * Blacksmith
 * Coppersmith
 * Forge
 * Forging
 * Goldsmith
 * Gunsmith
 * Hardy hole
 * Hardy tools
 * Locksmith
 * Mokume-gane
 * Pewtersmith
 * Pritchel
 * Slack tub
 * Silversmith
 * Steam hammer
 * Sword making
 * Trip hammer
 * Whitesmith

Casting
Category:Casting
 * Babbitt metal (has a fair bit about casting, grinding bearings, etc)
 * Bronze sculpture
 * Casting
 * Casting flask
 * Centrifugal casting
 * Cope and Drag
 * Extrusion
 * Lost-foam casting (border line, but if we're having a casting category)
 * Riser (casting)
 * Sand casting
 * Shot tower
 * Sprue (casting)
 * Vacuum casting
 * Investment Casting

Welding
Category:Welding
 * Brazing
 * Soldering
 * Welding
 * Arc welding
 * Gas metal arc welding
 * Shielded metal arc welding
 * Gas tungsten arc welding
 * Submerged arc welding
 * Plasma arc welding
 * Flux-cored arc welding
 * Other processes (List of welding processes)
 * Laser beam welding
 * Electron beam welding
 * Spot welding
 * Resistance welding
 * Oxyfuel welding
 * Induction welding
 * Ultrasonic welding
 * Stud welding
 * Seam welding
 * Related (List of welding terms)
 * Hardenability
 * Weldability
 * Equivalent carbon content
 * Welding safety
 * Arc eye
 * Heat-affected zone
 * Robot welding
 * Signature image processing
 * Underwater welding
 * Electrode
 * Shielding gas
 * Welding power supply
 * Welding gun
 * Welded joint design

Metallurgy
Category:Metallurgy
 * Metallurgy
 * (might be better to make a sub-project, or at least do last, as it's very large, and doesn't coincide too much with metalworking)
 * Materials
 * Listing has been expanded from Category:Metallurgy but is currently commented out, existing might be duped Graibeard 08:54, 11 September 2005 (UTC)

Occupations and specialty fabrications
Category:Metalworking specialties need to avoid plurals - we've had one moved already! Graibeard 09:33, 10 September 2005 (UTC) Category:Metalworking occupations
 * Bellmaking
 * Boilermaker
 * Die making
 * International Metalworkers' Federation
 * Ironworkers
 * Machinist
 * Metal spinning
 * Millwright
 * Moldmaker
 * Sawfiler

Metal Finishing and Fastening
Category:Metal finishing and fastening
 * Bolted joint
 * Cloisonné
 * Cotter pin
 * Enamelling
 * Japanned
 * Rivet
 * Screw
 * Shot peening
 * Steel wool

Terminology
Category:Metalworking terminology
 * Chatter
 * Cutting fluid
 * Cutting speed
 * Pattern welding
 * Piece work
 * Shot peening (more a technique or finish)
 * Swarf
 * Tolerance (engineering)
 * Tramp oil

Comments
Hrmm, should we have each article exist in a unique place on the tree, with pointers of where else to see other articles that might be related (simple, easy), or should we put articles in every relevant category? probably easier to do one-category-only at first, then sort later? Bushytails 00:47, 7 September 2005 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


text:
Zielona Góra Airport

Zielona Góra Airport  is a regional airport in the Zielona Góra urban area (the Lubusian Tri-city) in western Poland. The airport is 10 km from Sulechów, 35 km northeast of the Zielona Góra city centre, in the village of Kramsko, near the town of Babimost, 95 km west of Poznań, 90 km east of the German border, and 170 km from Berlin. Its catchment area consists of the three million inhabitants of Lubusz Land (Ziemia Lubuska) and the west of Greater Poland (Wielkopolska).

The airport is Poland's 14th-busiest, in last place among current airports with scheduled traffic. It has been taken over from the Polish Army by regional authorities and is run by the state-owned Porty Lotnicze (PPL), which also operates Warsaw Chopin Airport. Discussion exists about whether a company created by regional authorities should assume management of the unprofitable airport.

History
Construction of Zielona Góra Airport (a former military base) began in 1954, and it entered service on 10 October 1957. A Lim-6R, which is a Polish built MiG-17 is parked adjacent to the terminal, commemorating the airport's military origin.

Although the first passenger terminal opened in 1977, at least one passenger flight had already operated from the airport (on 21 July 1961, bringing Yuri Gagarin to Zielona Góra). The airport began service to and from Warsaw and Gdańsk in 1977; the first scheduled flights were twice weekly to Warsaw, and the Gdańsk route operated during the 1970s. It hosted twice-daily passenger service to Warsaw until September 2004, when state-owned LOT Polish Airlines discontinued the route after ownership changes at the airport. The army stopped using it as a military base, and dismantled some of its equipment.

The airport was rented to regional authorities in 2005, so its new owner could begin developing the airport. Shifts in the Polish airline market caused financial problems for LOT, and service to Warsaw was suspended because the airline could not obtain suitable mid-sized aircraft for the route.

At the end of 2005, two daily flights to Warsaw were operated by Jet Air; this was later reduced to one. The airport has had short-lived scheduled routes to Gdańsk, Kraków, and Dresden, and service to Warsaw operated via Poznań or Bydgoszcz. It operated charter service to southern Europe and Ukraine during the mid-2010s. In January 2017, it was announced that the airport's only scheduled route (to Warsaw Chopin Airport) would be transferred from SprintAir to LOT.

In December 2022 renderings of a new terminal building were published by an architect studio that won public tendering for the project.

Runway
Zielona Góra Airport has a single asphalt-concrete 06/24 runway. The 2,500 m, 60 m runway is equipped with an ILS CAT I, allowing aircraft to land in foggy weather. The airport's elevation is 59 m. Its runway has two taxiways leading to two aprons, where up to 10 mid-sized aircraft (such as Boeing 737s or Airbus 321s) may be parked; an additional apron is used in winter for the de-icing of aircraft.

Terminals
The airport has two passenger terminals (T1 and T2); only T2 is fully functional. T1, built in 1977, has an annual capacity of 150,000 and is used for departures. T2 (built in 2015) is used for arrivals and charter service, and has no check-in or other services. T1 has two check-in desks, basic luggage transport, and a medium-sized departure area with one or two gates. After the completion of the new arrival area, the airport's annual capacity was estimated at 360,000 passengers. A small cargo terminal is next to T1.

Airlines and destinations
The following airlines have regular scheduled and charter services to and from Zielona Góra:

The nearest larger international airport is Poznań–Ławica Airport, about 95 km east.

Road
The airport is located close to a junction between motorway A2 (Berlin-Warsaw) and expressway S3. Buses operate between Zielona Góra and the airport, according to flight departure and arrival times to and from Warsaw, from the main bus station (Dworzec PKS).

Rail
The nearest railway station to the airport is located in the town of Babimost some 6 km from the airport, which itself does not have a station. A section of Zielona Góra to Poznań line is currently undergoing renovation and a temporary bus service is in place until the end of the modernisation, which is expected at the end of 2022.

title: Zielona Góra Airport


text:
Joe Allbaugh

Joe M. Allbaugh (born July 27, 1952) is an American political figure in the Republican Party. After spending most of his career in Oklahoma and Texas, Allbaugh came to national prominence working for Texas governor George W. Bush and helping manage his 2000 presidential election campaign. Allbaugh then became Bush's Director of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) beginning in February 2001. He served until FEMA's transfer into the newly created Department of Homeland Security, after which he resigned in March 2003. He was appointed as the interim Director of the Oklahoma Department of Corrections by the state Board of Corrections, effective January 11, 2016. On July 6, 2016, the Oklahoma Board of Corrections voted unanimously to make his appointment permanent and set his salary at $185,000. Allbaugh has pointed out his department "is not a listing ship, it is a sinking ship."

Early political involvement
Allbaugh began working on political campaigns at the age of 12 as a volunteer for Barry Goldwater's presidential campaign. He went on to earn a degree in political science from Oklahoma State University where he became a member of Beta Theta Pi (ΒΘΠ) Fraternity. His first paid political job was working for Oklahoma Senator Henry Bellmon in 1974. After working on the field staff of the Reagan-Bush campaign in 1984, Allbaugh returned to Oklahoma to help Bellmon win a race for governor in 1986. He later served as a deputy secretary of transportation under Bellmon's successor, David Walters.

The George W. Bush campaigns
In 1994, Allbaugh was brought to Texas by George W. Bush to manage his campaign for governor. After Bush's victory, Allbaugh worked as gubernatorial chief of staff, serving until 1999 when he shifted posts to become campaign manager in Bush's run for the presidency. In this capacity Allbaugh was a key member of a tight circle of aides, together with Karl Rove and Karen Hughes, that the media dubbed the "Iron Triangle". Allbaugh called the trio "the brain, the brawn and the bite", with himself as the brawn at 6 feet 4 inches and 275 pounds.

After Bush secured the Republican nomination, he chose Dick Cheney to lead the process of screening and selecting a running mate. Allbaugh ended up with the responsibility of vetting Cheney himself when Bush focused directly on Cheney as his choice for vice president, rather than as the man to simply help with the choice. The screening process was subsequently called into question when Cheney's Halliburton stock options, along with his sparse voting record in state and local elections, came to light. A Cheney spokeswoman defended Allbaugh's vetting process, saying it "was as thorough, if not more thorough than what other candidates went through." It remained unclear whether Cheney had filled out a questionnaire he had given the other potential running mates, which dealt with these issues among other topics.

When the election results turned into a dispute over Florida ballot counts, Allbaugh went to Florida to run the post-election operation there while other advisers remained behind in Texas. After the legal maneuverings played out with Bush prevailing, he named Allbaugh as his nominee to head the Federal Emergency Management Agency on January 4, 2001.

Allbaugh at FEMA

Allbaugh was confirmed as Director of FEMA in February 2001 by the Senate in a unanimous vote. Unlike his predecessor, he was not raised to cabinet rank. Allbaugh gained some attention that April for remarks questioning whether taxpayers should have to cover the cost of rebuilding properties that suffer repeated flood damage, just as the Mississippi River was flooding. This turned into a public disagreement with the mayor of Davenport, Iowa, one of the affected cities. It brought up policy issues that would arise again under Michael D. Brown, Allbaugh's former deputy and FEMA successor, after Hurricane Katrina. The Bush administration also proposed cuts to FEMA's budget and the National Flood Insurance Program. After Tropical Storm Allison hit Texas in June, however, Allbaugh said the budget cuts would affect the agency's ability to respond to future disasters.

In May 2001, Bush announced that FEMA would expand its responsibility to include government response to terrorist attacks. Allbaugh explained that this mission, dubbed "homeland defense", would focus on dealing with the effects of such attacks, but not extend to gathering intelligence to prevent them. This left the agency as one of the most visible responders in the aftermath of the September 11, 2001 attacks. At the time of the attacks, Allbaugh was attending a conference in Big Sky, Montana, on the subject of emergency response. FEMA came under severe criticism for its delays in processing applications for relief and inappropriate denials of applications for assistance for those who suffered resulting from the attacks on the Twin Towers.

The September 11 attacks eventually led to a cabinet reorganization placing FEMA in the newly created Department of Homeland Security and Allbaugh elected to leave the agency. He made his resignation effective March 1, 2003, the date the reorganization was to take effect. Brown was an Oklahoma native and Allbaugh's old friend from Republican state politics, first hired by Allbaugh as FEMA's general counsel, despite having padded his legal and emergency services credentials.

Post-FEMA career
After leaving the government, Allbaugh capitalized on his ties with the Bush administration by going into private business ventures connected with Bush's policy objectives. He and Republican strategist Ed Rogers founded New Bridge Strategies to help clients "evaluate and take advantage of business opportunities in the Middle East following the conclusion of the US-led war in Iraq". Allbaugh also co-chaired Diligence-Iraq, founded by former CIA and FBI chief William Webster and 40 percent owned by a wealthy Kuwaiti politician, which partnered with New Bridge to advise and provide security for companies doing business there.

Allbaugh also started his own firm, which he merged in 2004 with that of his wife Diane, who had worked as a lobbyist at the Republican firm of Barbour Griffith & Rogers during his government service. The Allbaugh Company is commonly described as a lobbying and consulting firm, although Joe Allbaugh himself says he only consults with clients on presenting their services to government agencies, and does not lobby the government directly for contracts. The Wall Street Journal compared his work to that of his predecessor at FEMA, James Lee Witt, who also provided consulting and lobbying services after leaving government service. Major Allbaugh Company clients include The Shaw Group and Halliburton subsidiary KBR.

Though no longer affiliated with FEMA, Allbaugh traveled to the Gulf Coast after Hurricane Katrina to help coordinate private-sector support, according to his spokeswoman. His clients were among the first to win federal contracts to help with hurricane recovery: Shaw won a bid potentially worth $100 million to refurbish buildings and provide emergency housing, and KBR received $29.8 million from the Pentagon to rebuild Navy bases in Louisiana and Mississippi.

On July 12, 2006, Emergent Biosolutions, maker of an anthrax vaccine under its former name BioPort, announced that Allbaugh joined the board of directors. During the years before Allbaugh's appointment, BioPort had a troubled relationship with the US Food and Drug Administration. In September 2006, Allbaugh was elected president of Ecosphere Systems, Inc. He also sits on the board of directors of the National Rifle Association of America.

Senior Advisor to Rudy Giuliani
The Rudy Giuliani Presidential Committee announced on October 30, 2007, that Joe Allbaugh would serve as Senior Advisor to the Rudy Giuliani presidential campaign. Allbaugh was to advise the campaign on general strategy and homeland security. Allbaugh stated that "Rudy Giuliani is the only candidate who will keep America on offense in the Terrorists’ War on Us". According to Giuliani, he and Albaugh "worked closely together in the aftermath of 9/11 to ensure that everything possible was being done to help victims and their families. He has significant experience in emergency management and I will look to him for sound advice and expertise."

2012 presidential election
Allbaugh served as campaign manager for Texas Governor Rick Perry in the 2012 presidential election.

Director, Oklahoma Department of Corrections
Oklahoma Department of Corrections (DOC) Director Joseph Allbaugh requested a $23 million supplemental appropriation to get through until June 30. 2016. The supplemental appropriation was needed to pay for-profit prison corporations CoreCivic and GEO Group to hold overflow inmates, salaries for uniformed staff, which are extremely low, and prisoner medical bills. The DOC must adhere to mandated standards regarding inmate services to remain in constitutional compliance. With the threat it would lock out 2,600 Oklahoma prison inmates, the owner of Oklahoma's largest private prison successfully lobbied the legislature for a raise this year, the Frontier reports. The GEO Group's sprawling Lawton Correctional Facility holds about 10 percent of Oklahoma's prison population. With Oklahoma's prisons operating at 114 percent capacity, the private corrections company has the bargaining power to ask the state for more money. In June, the Oklahoma Department of Corrections signed a five-year deal with The GEO Group to house inmates in Lawton that contained a rate increase worth an estimated $2.8 million. Florida's GEO Group hasn't consistently met the terms of its Oklahoma contract. The for-profit prison operator frequently failed its contractual contract violations at its Lawton, Oklahoma prison, one that houses some of Oklahoma's most dangerous prisoners. The Oklahoma DOC notified GEO regarding multiple violations at the Lawton Correctional Facility in 2017 and 2018, including the delayed releases of several offenders, the improper use of restraints, missing or improperly recorded prisoner counts, and failure to adhere to medication and nursing protocols. In 2017, the DOC fined GEO Group $380,000 for delaying the release of a Lawton prisoner by 304 late subsequent to the modification of his sentence. The GEO Group has a history of problems with such improper releases at Lawton, said Allbaugh: "Private prisons do not run their facilities to our standards, but they are supposed to adhere to our operational protocols." "The only way you can get their attention is financial sanctions." On April 17, 2019, Allbaugh reported the DOC is "getting closer every day" to obtaining the equipment necessary to resume the death penalty, although no firm date has been set for executions to resume. The DOC said in 2018 it will replace lethal injection with "nitrogen hypoxia." a procedure which supposedly will painlessly smother an unconscious person. Without such a machine, the DOC has been unable to resume executions that had been horribly botched in recent years. Richard Glossip, whose guilt has been widely questioned, has had his execution postponed numerous times due to faulty protocols.

Personal life
Allbaugh, in an interview with Texas Monthly editor Evan Smith of Texas Monthly Talks, said, "Wikipedia is 99 percent wrong. I mean, my bio on Wikipedia is trash."

Allbaugh's nephew Jeremy Allbaugh served in the United States Marine Corps, was killed on July 5, 2007, while in Iraq. His nephew Jason Allbaugh is currently serving as a commissioned officer in the United States Army.

title: Joe Allbaugh


text:
Lucy Fleming

Eve Lucinda "Lucy" Fleming (born 15 May 1947) is a British actress.

Early life and ancestry
Fleming was born in Nettlebed, England. She is the second daughter of actress Celia Johnson and writer Peter Fleming (brother of James Bond author Ian Fleming). She is a granddaughter of Valentine Fleming, a Conservative Member of Parliament who was killed during World War I in May 1917, and of his widow, Evelyn. Amaryllis Fleming was the actress's half-aunt, fathered by Welsh painter Augustus John during his relationship with Evelyn.

Fleming spent part of her childhood growing up in New Zealand: "My parents packed me off to some friends in New Zealand when I was 16, hoping I would grow up a little and perhaps change my mind about acting. I was quite a tomboy. I ended up at the Bay of Islands, which was just the most beautiful place in the world. I was meant to be looking after the friends' little boy, but I didn't have a clue, and I don't recall doing much of that at all. I loved the country, though."

Career
Fleming is perhaps best known for her role as Jenny Richards in the BBC post-apocalyptic drama series Survivors, which originally aired from 1975 to 1977. Jenny is the only character to appear in both the first and last episodes of the show.

Her numerous credits in other British television series include The Avengers, Lydia Bennet in BBC's 1967 Pride and Prejudice series, Maud Ruthyn on the Season 4 episode "Uncle Silas" of the anthology series Mystery and Imagination, Smiley's People, Mr. Bean, the regular role of Jo in Cold Warrior, the first Helen Wycliffe in Wycliffe, A Dance to the Music of Time, Heartbeat, Rosemary & Thyme and Kingdom. Between 2016 and 2017, she appeared on the long running radio soap opera The Archers as Miranda, who entered the series as the wife of minor tycoon Justin Elliot but subsequently reached a divorce settlement following his affair with Lilian Bellamy. She returned the role in 2024 as a love interest for Brian Aldridge, to ex-husband Justin's considerable chagrin. Justin is played by Simon Williams, her real-life husband.

Personal life
Fleming has been married twice; first to Joseph William Peter Laycock, with whom she had a daughter and two sons. Her husband and her daughter drowned on 14 December 1980 in a boating accident on the River Thames. She married her second husband, the actor Simon Williams, in 1986.

Her uncle Ian's literary estate passed to her father Peter after his death. Since Peter's death, Fleming and her sister Kate have controlled Ian Fleming Publications.

title: Lucy Fleming


text:
User talk:206.176.109.57

November 2010
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title: User talk:206.176.109.57


text: User talk:67.132.117.2

title: User talk:67.132.117.2


text:
Talk:Ear (disambiguation)

The purpose of the move-to-wiktioonary tag is to inform that the Wikipedia article will be removed, not that there "should be" and article at Wiktionary. It gives others a chance to comment on the move before it happens. - Marshman 17:38, 1 September 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Ear (disambiguation)


text:
Strangers in the Night (UFO album)

Strangers in the Night (originally issued with a sticker stating A Double Live Album) is a live album by British hard rock band UFO, first released in 1979 on the Chrysalis label. The original double LP album was recorded at shows in October 1978 at Chicago, Illinois, and Louisville, Kentucky, while UFO were on tour.

Guitarist Michael Schenker left the band during the tour; this led to the band recruiting former bandmate and ex-Lone Star guitarist Paul Chapman. It has been rumoured that Schenker refused to record any overdubs for the album, which would make this an accurate account of his live guitar work. When he has discussed the album, Schenker has spoken of disappointment with the chosen tracks, saying "there were better takes they could've used".

Strangers in the Night peaked at No. 7 on the UK charts and No. 42 on the US charts. Some critics, and the fans marked it as one of the greatest live rock albums of all time. Kerrang! magazine listed the album at No. 47 among the "100 Greatest Heavy Metal Albums of All Time". Slash, guitarist for Guns N' Roses, has stated that it is his favorite live album. Founding UFO members Pete Way (bass) and Andy Parker (drums) both say it is their favorite UFO record.

Two live EPs in 1979 also proved successful for the band. In February, "Doctor Doctor" (taken from the album), backed with "On with the Action" (recorded on the same 1978 US tour) and the studio cut "Try Me", reached No. 35 in the UK Singles Chart; this was the first time the band had made the UK Top 40. "Shoot Shoot", backed with "Only You Can Rock Me" and "I'm a Loser", would make No. 48 in the UK in April.

Some of the songs were recorded at a show on UFO's tour with Blue Öyster Cult.

Reissue
In 1999, EMI reissued Strangers in the Night in an expanded edition featuring two bonus songs, "Hot 'n' Ready" and "Cherry". The announcement at the beginning of the expanded CD version indicates the first track was recorded in Chicago, but this was not so according to the booklet of the 2008 remaster (the songs are pointed as recorded in Youngstown, Ohio, 15 October 1978 and Cleveland, Ohio, 16 October 1978 accordingly). The audience noise is from Chicago and the introduction for the CD was from the Chicago show. At 2:40 into the track "Lights Out", Phil Mogg sings "Lights out, lights out Chicago", which is followed by audience roar. Two tracks, "Mother Mary" and "This Kid's", are actually studio tracks with crowd noise added, as outlined in the 2008 remaster booklet. The track listing was also reordered to more accurately reflect UFO's setlist at the time. The track list of the 2008 version is identical to the 1999 version; no additional tracks or track list modifications are present.

Outtake songs from the 1978 tour have also been released. A live version of "On with the Action" from the "Doctor Doctor" single was reissued on UFO: The Chrysalis Years (1973-79) in 2011. In addition, two further live songs, "Ain't No Baby" recorded in Kenosha, WI, and "Pack It Up (And Go)" recorded in Columbus, OH, appeared on Hot 'n' Live: The Chrysalis Live Anthology 1974-1983 in 2013. The Japanese version of this release includes a further version of "Pack It Up (And Go)", recorded in Youngstown, OH, as a bonus track.

On Record Store Day 2020, Chrysalis was to release Live in Youngstown 1978, one of the six concerts recorded for Strangers in the Night.

Original LP
Side one
 * 1) "Natural Thing" (Michael Schenker, Phil Mogg, Pete Way) – 3:57
 * 2) "Out in the Street" (Way, Mogg) – 5:07
 * 3) "Only You Can Rock Me" (Way, Schenker, Mogg) – 4:08
 * 4) "Doctor Doctor" (Schenker, Mogg) – 4:42

Side two
 * 1) "Mother Mary" (Schenker, Mogg, Way, Andy Parker) – 3:25
 * 2) "This Kid's" (Schenker, Mogg) – 5:11
 * 3) "Love to Love" (Schenker, Mogg) – 7:58

Side three
 * 1) "Lights Out" (Schenker, Mogg, Parker, Way) – 5:23
 * 2) "Rock Bottom" (Schenker, Mogg) – 11:08

Side four
 * 1) "Too Hot to Handle" (Way, Mogg) – 4:26
 * 2) "I'm a Loser" (Schenker, Mogg) – 4:13
 * 3) "Let It Roll" (Schenker, Mogg) – 4:48
 * 4) "Shoot Shoot" (Schenker, Mogg, Way, Parker) – 4:07

1999 reissue

 * 1) "Hot 'n' Ready" (Schenker, Mogg) – 3:26
 * 2) "Cherry" (Way, Mogg) – 3:44
 * 3) "Let It Roll" (Schenker, Mogg) – 4:48
 * 4) "Love to Love" (Schenker, Mogg) – 7:58
 * 5) "Natural Thing" (Schenker, Mogg, Way) – 3:57
 * 6) "Out in the Street" (Way, Mogg) – 5:07
 * 7) "Only You Can Rock Me" (Way, Schenker, Mogg) – 4:08
 * 8) "Mother Mary" (Schenker, Mogg, Way, Parker) – 3:25
 * 9) "This Kid's" (Schenker, Mogg) – 5:11
 * 10) "Doctor Doctor" (Schenker, Mogg) – 4:42
 * 11) "I'm a Loser" (Schenker, Mogg) – 4:13
 * 12) "Lights Out" (Schenker, Mogg, Parker, Way) – 5:09
 * 13) "Rock Bottom" (Schenker, Mogg) – 11:22
 * 14) "Too Hot to Handle" (Way, Mogg) – 4:26
 * 15) "Shoot Shoot" (Schenker, Mogg, Way, Parker) – 4:07

2020 deluxe edition
Disc 1 (Original LP 1)
 * 1) "Natural Thing" (Schenker, Mogg, Way) - 3:51
 * 2) "Out in the Street" (Way, Mogg) - 5:16
 * 3) "Only You Can Rock Me" (Way, Schenker, Mogg) - 4:09
 * 4) "Doctor Doctor" (Schenker, Mogg) - 4:39
 * 5) "Mother Mary" (Schenker, Mogg, Way, Parker) - 3:25
 * 6) "This Kid's" (Schenker, Mogg) - 5:12
 * 7) "Love to Love" (Schenker, Mogg) - 8:02

Disc 2 (Original LP 2)
 * 1) "Lights Out" (Schenker, Mogg, Parker, Way) - 5:32
 * 2) "Rock Bottom" (Schenker, Mogg) - 11:07
 * 3) "Too Hot to Handle" (Way, Mogg) - 4:28
 * 4) "I'm a Loser" (Schenker, Mogg) - 4:14
 * 5) "Let It Roll" (Schenker, Mogg) - 4:49
 * 6) "Shoot Shoot" (Schenker, Mogg, Way, Parker) - 4:10

Disc 3 (Live at the International Amphitheater, Chicago, Illinois, USA, 13 October 1978)
 * 1) "Hot 'n' Ready" (Schenker, Mogg) - 3:54
 * 2) "Pack It Up (And Go)" (Way, Schenker, Mogg) - 3:15
 * 3) "Cherry" (Way, Mogg) - 3:32
 * 4) "Let It Roll" (Schenker, Mogg) - 4:29
 * 5) "Love to Love" (Schenker, Mogg) - 8:01
 * 6) "Only You Can Rock Me" (Way, Schenker, Mogg) - 4:15
 * 7) "Ain't No Baby" (Mogg, Paul Raymond) - 4:07
 * 8) "Out in the Street" (Way, Mogg) - 5:04
 * 9) "Doctor Doctor" (Schenker, Mogg) - 4:52
 * 10) "Lights Out" (Schenker, Mogg, Parker, Way) - 5:12
 * 11) "Rock Bottom" (Schenker, Mogg) - 10:13
 * 12) "Too Hot to Handle" (Way, Mogg) - 4:24
 * 13) "Shoot Shoot" (Schenker, Mogg, Way, Parker) - 3:59

Disc 4 (Live at the Kenosha Ice Arena, Wisconsin, USA, 14 October 1978)
 * 1) "Hot 'n' Ready" (Schenker, Mogg) - 3:35
 * 2) "Pack It Up (And Go)" (Way, Schenker, Mogg) - 3:15
 * 3) "Cherry" (Way, Mogg) - 3:47
 * 4) "Let It Roll" (Schenker, Mogg) - 4:40
 * 5) "Love to Love" (Schenker, Mogg) - 7:46
 * 6) "Only You Can Rock Me" (Way, Schenker, Mogg) - 4:03
 * 7) "Ain't No Baby" (Mogg, Raymond) - 4:13
 * 8) "Out in the Street" (Way, Mogg) - 5:00
 * 9) "Doctor Doctor" (Schenker, Mogg) - 4:52
 * 10) "Lights Out" (Schenker, Mogg, Parker, Way) - 5:03
 * 11) "Rock Bottom" (Schenker, Mogg) - 10:58
 * 12) "Too Hot to Handle" (Way, Mogg) - 4:30

Disc 5 (Live at the Tomorrow Club, Youngstown, Ohio, USA, 15 October 1978)
 * 1) "Intro / Hot 'n' Ready" (Schenker, Mogg) - 3:49
 * 2) "Pack It Up (And Go)" (Way, Schenker, Mogg) - 3:38
 * 3) "Cherry" (Way, Mogg) - 3:41
 * 4) "Let It Roll" (Schenker, Mogg) - 4:41
 * 5) "Love to Love" (Schenker, Mogg) - 7:55
 * 6) "Natural Thing" (Schenker, Mogg, Way) - 3:27
 * 7) "Out in the Street" (Way, Mogg) - 5:08
 * 8) "Only You Can Rock Me" (Way, Schenker, Mogg) - 4:06
 * 9) "On with the Action" (Schenker, Mogg) - 4:47
 * 10) "Doctor Doctor" (Schenker, Mogg) - 4:51
 * 11) "Lights Out" (Schenker, Mogg, Parker, Way) - 5:08
 * 12) "Rock Bottom" (Schenker, Mogg) - 10:24
 * 13) "Too Hot to Handle" (Way, Mogg) - 4:35
 * 14) "Shoot Shoot" (Schenker, Mogg, Way, Parker) - 3:46

Disc 6 (Live at the Agora Theater, Cleveland, Ohio, USA, 16 October 1978)
 * 1) "Hot 'n' Ready" (Schenker, Mogg) - 3:57
 * 2) "Pack It Up (And Go)" (Way, Schenker, Mogg) - 3:22
 * 3) "Cherry" (Way, Mogg) - 4:00
 * 4) "Let It Roll" (Schenker, Mogg) - 4:47
 * 5) "Love to Love" (Schenker, Mogg) - 8:24
 * 6) "Natural Thing" (Schenker, Mogg, Way) - 3:32
 * 7) "Out in the Street" (Way, Mogg) - 5:16
 * 8) "Only You Can Rock Me" (Way, Schenker, Mogg) - 4:16
 * 9) "On with the Action" (Schenker, Mogg) - 4:56
 * 10) "Doctor Doctor" (Schenker, Mogg) - 4:51
 * 11) "I'm a Loser" (Schenker, Mogg) - 4:12
 * 12) "Lights Out" (Schenker, Mogg, Parker, Way) - 5:25
 * 13) "Rock Bottom" (Schenker, Mogg) - 11:25
 * 14) "Too Hot to Handle" (Way, Mogg) - 5:41
 * 15) "Shoot Shoot" (Schenker, Mogg, Way, Parker) - 4:07

Disc 7 (Live at the Agora Ballroom, Columbus, Ohio, USA, 17 October 1978)
 * 1) "Hot 'n' Ready" (Schenker, Mogg) - 3:50
 * 2) "Pack It Up (And Go)" (Way, Schenker, Mogg) - 3:36
 * 3) "Cherry" (Way, Mogg) - 3:59
 * 4) "Let It Roll" (Schenker, Mogg) - 5:07
 * 5) "Love to Love" (Schenker, Mogg) - 8:42
 * 6) "Natural Thing" (Schenker, Mogg, Way) - 3:56
 * 7) "Out in the Street" (Way, Mogg) - 5:44
 * 8) "Too Hot to Handle" (Way, Mogg) - 5:38
 * 9) "I'm a Loser" (Schenker, Mogg) - 4:44
 * 10) "On with the Action" (Schenker, Mogg) - 5:04
 * 11) "Doctor Doctor" (Schenker, Mogg) - 5:30
 * 12) "Lights Out" (Schenker, Mogg, Parker, Way) - 5:48
 * 13) "Rock Bottom" (Schenker, Mogg) - 13:58
 * 14) "Shoot Shoot" (Schenker, Mogg, Way, Parker) - 4:11

Disc 8 (Live at the Louisville Gardens, Louisville, Kentucky, USA, 18 October 1978) Note: the first five tracks of each of these consecutive shows was consistent, after which the band played somewhere between seven and ten more additional songs. A mapping of each of the show differences:
 * 1) "Hot 'n' Ready" (Schenker, Mogg) - 3:46
 * 2) "Pack It Up (And Go)" (Way, Schenker, Mogg) - 3:29
 * 3) "Cherry" (Way, Mogg) - 4:07
 * 4) "Let It Roll" (Schenker, Mogg) - 4:46
 * 5) "Love to Love" (Schenker, Mogg) - 8:08
 * 6) "Natural Thing" (Schenker, Mogg, Way) - 3:39
 * 7) "Out in the Street" (Way, Mogg) - 5:32
 * 8) "Only You Can Rock Me" (Way, Schenker, Mogg) - 4:32
 * 9) "On with the Action" (Schenker, Mogg) - 5:19
 * 10) "Doctor Doctor" (Schenker, Mogg) - 5:05
 * 11) "I'm a Loser" (Schenker, Mogg) - 4:26
 * 12) "Lights Out" (Schenker, Mogg, Parker, Way) - 5:50
 * 13) "Rock Bottom" (Schenker, Mogg) - 11:18
 * 14) "Too Hot to Handle" (Way, Mogg) - 4:32
 * 15) "Shoot Shoot" (Schenker, Mogg, Way, Parker) - 4:09

Personnel
UFO
 * Phil Mogg – vocals
 * Michael Schenker – lead guitar
 * Paul Raymond – keyboards, rhythm guitar, backing vocals
 * Pete Way – bass guitar
 * Andy Parker – drums

Production
 * Ron Nevison – producer, engineer
 * Mike Clink – assistant engineer
 * Brian Chubb – live sound engineer
 * Alan McMillan – horn arrangements, string arrangements
 * Hipgnosis – artwork

title: Strangers in the Night (UFO album)


text:
Gordius of Cappadocia

Gordius (in Greek Γoρδιoς), a Cappadocian by birth, was the instrument of Mithridates Eupator (120–63 BC), king of Pontus, in his attempts to annex Cappadocia to Pontus. Gordius was employed by him, in 116 BC, to murder Ariarathes VI, king of Cappadocia. Gordius was afterwards tutor of a son of Mithridates, whom, after the murder of Ariarathes VII he made king of Cappadocia as Ariarathes IX. Gordius was sent as the envoy of Mithridates to Rome, and afterwards employed by him to engage Tigranes, king of Armenia, to attack Cappadocia, and expel Ariobarzanes I, whom the Romans made king of that country in 93 BC. Sulla restored Ariobarzanes in the following year, and drove Gordius out of Cappadocia. Gordius opposed Lucius Licinius Murena in the Battle of Halys, 82 BC.

title: Gordius of Cappadocia


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User talk:Celebratelife

Hello, ! I'm ulayiti, and I'd like to welcome you to Wikipedia! Thanks for your contributions, and I hope you'll like the place enough to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers:
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Filthy Rich: Cattle Drive
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Orphaned fair use image (Image:Noah blake2.jpg)
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A tag has been placed on, requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done because the article appears to be a repost of material that was previously deleted following a. If you can indicate how Noah Blake is different from the previously posted material, or if you can indicate why this article should not be deleted, I advise you to place the template hangon underneath the other template on the article, and also put a note on Talk:Noah Blake saying why this article should stay. An admin should check for such edits before deleting the article. Feel free to leave a note on my talk page if you have any questions about this. Please read our criteria for speedy deletion, particularly item 4 under General criteria. If you believe the original discussion was unjustified, please feel free to use deletion review, but do not continue to repost the article if it is deleted. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag yourself. We welcome your help in trying to improve Wikipedia, and we request you to follow these instructions.  brew crewer  (yada, yada) 01:43, 11 January 2008 (UTC)

title: User talk:Celebratelife


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Dudhsagar Falls

Dudhsagar Falls (lit. 'Sea of Milk') is a four-tiered waterfall on the Mandovi River in the Indian state of Goa. It is 60 km from Panaji by road and is located on the Belgaum–Vasco Da Gama rail route about 46 km east of Madgaon and 80 km south of Belgaum. Dudhsagar Falls is amongst India's tallest waterfalls with a height of 310 m (1017 feet) and an average width of 30 metres (100 feet).

Location
The falls are located in the Bhagwan Mahaveer Sanctuary and Mollem National Park among the Western Ghats. The falls are a punctuation mark in the journey of the Mandovi River from the Western Ghats to Panjim where it meets the Arabian sea. The area is surrounded by deciduous forests with rich biodiversity. The falls are not particularly spectacular during the dry season but during the monsoon season, the falls are fed by rains and form a huge sheet of water.

Accessibility
The nearest rail station accessible by road to the falls is Castle Rock, Uttara Kannada, Karnataka. Visitors could get in a train from here and disembark at the Dudhsagar stop. The Dudhsagar rail stop is not a station where passengers can expect a platform. Passengers and visitors have to climb down the steep ladder of the rail compartment in a short 1-2 minute unscheduled stop. From this rail stop, visitors have to walk about a kilometre on the tracks to arrive at the falls. While the walk itself is something unexpected for a popular tourist destination, there is a 200 m train tunnel that is totally dark which makes the walk a bit tougher. Recently Indian Railways has banned people from boarding/deboarding passengers at Dudhsagar railway, the same is considered to be an offence under the Railway regulations.

One can reach the Dudhsagar Waterfalls with the help of Bhagwan Mahavir Wildlife sanctuary Taxi near a Goan Village called Collem. This Association will take you through lush green forest and some heavy flowing streams and get you back. Currently, this is the only access to the Waterfall. The plus point of going through Association is one can see the full view of Dudhsagar Waterfall whereas if you go by Indian Railway you will see half of the waterfall view only.

Dudhsagar trek
There has been a lot of hype about Dudhsagar trek being closed to the general public. The Dudhsagar railway trek has been officially closed to the general public but the trek to the Dudhsagar falls bottom is still open to all.

There are two routes to reach there. One is starting the trek from Kulem and following the jeep trail until the bottom of the waterfall. The second option is via the railway track which is roughly around 11 km. This trek is not allowed by the Government of Goa ( Forest Department) as it is very risky being on a railway track with minimum safety. Anyone trekking along the Railway trek can be heavily fined and can even land you in Jail as the same is now an offence under the Railway regulations. You can trek up to the Sonaulim station and join back to the Mud route. This route would save 2 km on the Mud road. During the monsoon season, it is mandatory to hire a guide and get a life jacket in order to start the trek, otherwise, entry inside the forest is restricted because the area experiences extremely heavy rainfall, and the water displacement around the fall is potentially very large, so it is always better to carry a life jacket. It is advisable not to venture into the water at the base of the fall during monsoon as the flow of the water is very fast & dangerous.

The best time to visit the fall is between October and May as the access to the fall is open for the Jeep. This jeep can be hired from the local Dudhsagar Jeep Association counter at Collem. You have to pay as much as Rs. 500 per person for a jeep ride and maximum of seven people in one jeep. This jeep will take you to the base of the fall. You will have to pay entry fees to the department of forest to enter their area as this Falls comes under their jurisdiction. You get maximum of one & half hours to spend at the fall before you return to the jeep you came by. The same jeep will then drop you back to Collem for your onward Journey. The Jeep safari is extremely fun and adventurous as there are chances of you seeing Wild life on the way.

title: Dudhsagar Falls