text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/NVH

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was KEEP. moink 06:00, 12 September 2005 (UTC)

NVH
It might be so but not verified that it is described as NVH. Definitely more needed to demonstrate it's a verfiable term. gren グレン 19:23, 2 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, but expand muchly (this could almost be speedied as A1 or A3 at present). Google finds 26,000 hits for it, and at least many seem to come from Universities' course titles and the like, as well as various commercial sources. The acronym does also appear to be used. I wonder, however, if this is already in a mechanical engineering article somewhere? -Splash 20:22, 2 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, I agree - Google does show it to be real term, and a real acronym. Jll 19:33, 7 September 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/NVH


text:
Nereus (disambiguation)

Nereus, in Greek Mythology, was the eldest son of Pontus and Gaia.

Nereus may also refer to:

People

 * John Villiers, 3rd Earl of Clarendon (1757–1838), known as the Nereus of Pitt's forces
 * Nereus Acosta (born 1966), Philippine politician, academician, and political scientist
 * Saint Nereus, a Roman saint

Science

 * 4660 Nereus, a small asteroid
 * Nereus (crater), a small crater on Meridiani Planum
 * Nereus Program, a global interdisciplinary initiative on ocean sustainability based at the University of British Columbia
 * Network of European Regions Using Space Technologies (NEREUS)

Technology

 * Nereus (Nuclear Reactor)
 * Nereus, an underwater tidal turbine installed at Newhaven, Victoria, Australia

Vehicles

 * Nereus (underwater vehicle), a hybrid autonomous underwater vehicle/remotely operated vehicle from the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI)
 * HMAS Nereus, a 1939 channel patrol boat of the Royal Australian Navy
 * HMS Nereus, the name of several Royal Navy ships
 * SS Nereus, a Greek steamer known previously as the SS Pfalz
 * USS Nereus, the name of several US Navy ships

Other uses

 * Nereus (DC Comics)
 * Nereus Pharmaceuticals, an American pharmaceutical company founded in 1988
 * Nereus Rowing Club, Amsterdam, founded in 1885

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Nereus (disambiguation)


text:
Asian American Women Artists Association

Asian American Women Artists Association (AAWAA) is a nonprofit arts organization that supports and promotes the work of Asian American women artists in the visual, literary, and performing arts through activities such as art events, lectures, artists salons, and member exhibitions.

Based in San Francisco, it was founded in 1989 by artists including Flo Oy Wong, Betty Kano, Moira Roth, and Bernice Bing.

History
Kano and Wong were motivated to found the AAWAA after attending the 1989 national meeting of the Women's Caucus for Art, where they felt that Asian American women were heavily underrepresented, and by joining a project started by Moira Roth to create a collection of slides of artworks by women of color. The first meeting was held at Kano's home in Berkeley in March of that year.

In 2007, the organization formally incorporated as a 501(c)(3) non-profit.

AAWAA's Speakers Bureau consists of artists, scholars, writers, and administrators who present at institutions regarding topics such as women's issues, Asian American issues, artists' process, and AAWAA programs. Members of the Speakers Bureau have lectured at numerous institutions in California.

AAWA Board
Cynthia Tom (President), Shari Arai DeBoer (Secretary/Treasurer), Sigi Arnejo, Linda Inson Choy, Michelle Lee, Vinay Patel, and Pallavi Sharma.

Advisory board
Susan Almazol, Renee Baldocchi, Gracie Chidmat, Lori Chinn, Lydia Nakashima Degarrod, Natalie Gore, Nancy Hom, Anh-Hoa Thi Nguyen, Isabelle Thuy Pelaud, and Sue Tom.

Membership
Membership to the AAWAA is open to all, as either an artist member or an affiliate member. Notable members include Kathy Aoki, Bernice Bing, Lenore Chinn, Nancy Hom, Betty Kano, Dawn Nakanishi, Genny Lim, Isabelle Thuy-Pelaud, Canyon Sam, Valerie Soe, Flo Oy Wong, Wendy Yoshimura, and Katherine Westerhout.

Cheers to Muses: Contemporary Works by Asian American Women (2007)
Cheers to Muses is an anthology published by the AAWAA in 2007. The book compiles 77 works, including fine art, poetry, creative writing, and non-fiction work. The works are created by 64 Asian American women ranging in age from 14 to 85.

Entering the Picture (2012)
Entering the Picture is a collection about contributions of feminists to American art. It is an interdisciplinary collection of essays by artists and scholars, many of whom were eyewitnesses to landmark events, relates how feminists produced vibrant bodies of art in Fresno and other locales where similar collaborations flourished.

The Worlds of Bernice Bing (2013)
The Worlds of Bernice Bing is a documentary short film produced by the AAWAA, featuring the life and work of the lesbian Chinese American artist Bernice Bing. The film is directed by Madeleine Lim, executive artistic director of the Queer Women of Color Media Arts Project

In 2013, the film received the Audience Award at the Queer Women of Color Film Festival.

Local Invisibility, Postcolonial Feminisms (2018)
Local Invisibility, Postcolonial Feminisms talks about studies in gender, sexuality, and culture. It looks into postcolonial poetic and artistic work of four generations of female Asian American artists in the San Francisco Bay Area. There is a chapter on the AAWAA (Asian American Women Artists Association).

Emerging Curators Program
This program aims to stress an Asian American Women lens to curation, to promote Asian American Women in the arts, from a curating perspective and also benefits the artists who are under represented and lack exposure.

Mural Muses
In 2015, in honor of its 25th anniversary, the AAWAA launched a campaign to create a large collective mural in San Francisco's Richmond District.

The mural is to honor the contributions of women artists in the Asian-American and Pacific Islander community. It is a response to the increased racial tensions and vandalism, and to increase the visibility of Asian American female artists. "Mural Muses" will be one of the large-scale murals in the Bay Area to honor Asian-American artists.

Melanie Elvena, programs manager at the AAWAA stated that the collaborative mural was another way to raise awareness for Asian-American women artists "in a space that has been traditionally male dominated."

A Place of Her Own
A Place of Her Own (PLACE) is an art-based program, first created in 2008 by the AAWAA director Cynthia Tom. It is dedicated to improving women's mental health and seeks to challenge issues like colonization, racism, forced migration, and gender oppression. It is based around the question in Virginia Woolf's A Room of One's Own: "If you had a place of your own, what would it be?" The weekly workshops over the course of six months lead up to a professionally curated exhibition. PLACE is open to all women, regardless of art ability of experience, and uses various art mediums.

"PLACE offers down to earth healing tools, that relieve stress while opening up our ability to access and trust our intuition. The work is designed to help release underlying patterns and old habits and their links to individual, family and cultural histories and patterns of dysfunction.

In order to thrive and take ownership of our life's path, women must define what is important to them alone, practicing self love and self-care."

Shifting Movements: Art Inspired by the Life & Activism of Yuri Kochiyama (1921–2014)
The AAWAA and the Asian Pacific Islander Cultural Center (APICC) presented this art exhibition as part of the United States of Asian America Festival opening at SOMArts Cultural Center from May 4–25, 2017. Shifting Movements features 40 artists working in various mediums, mostly from Asian Pacific American, African-American, and Latin-American backgrounds. The exhibition honors the Japanese-American activist Yuri Kochiyama. Shifting Movements also featured oral history recordings, a public installation created by the community, and the Smithsonian Asian Pacific American Center online exhibition Folk Hero: Remembering Yuri Kochiyama Through Grassroots Art.

underCurrents & the Quest for Space (2013)
underCurrents & the Quest for Space features the space occupied by Asian America - socially, artistically and physically. It is a multidisciplinary arts exhibition that addresses topics such as "model minority", and challenges faced by Asian American society such as stereotypes, discrimination and invisibility. It is a joined force with Asian Pacific Islander Cultural Center (APICC).

Eating cultures (2014)
Eating Cultures is a multi-disciplinary arts exhibition of artworks inspired by Asian American food and foodways. Artists share stories of global fusion, and importance of food in Asian communities globally.

Hungry Ghosts (2015)
Hungry Ghosts exhibition uses the concept of "Hungry Ghosts", a common concept throughout many Asian cultures and religions, to explore the unsatisfied ghosts of the individual and collective historical struggles that continue to cast an effect the community. It is co-presented by the Manilatown Heritage Foundation.

Transformation (2015)
The exhibition took place on the 25th anniversary year of the AAWAA. It features the works of 38 AAWAA artists members, and highlights the diversity, creativity, and evolution of its artist community.

Agrarianaa: Art Inspired by APA Agricultural Roots (2019)
Agrarianaa: Art Inspired by APA Agricultural Roots is a multimedia exhibition featuring artists and farmers rooted in the history of Asian Pacific American agricultural crafts and legacies. The exhibition addresses topics including migrant labor, environmental activism, land and food sovereignty. It includes artists who talks about how a regenerative agricultural ecosystem can support into the resilient spaces for community.


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Dumbbell Indemnity

"Dumbbell Indemnity" is the sixteenth episode of the ninth season of the American animated television series The Simpsons. It originally aired on Fox in the United States on March 1, 1998. It was written by Ron Hauge and directed by Dominic Polcino. The episode sees Moe trying to keep his new girlfriend by using a large amount of money, but when it runs out, he decides to commit insurance fraud. Homer helps him, but is caught and sent to jail, and attempts to take revenge on Moe when he does not bail him out. Helen Hunt makes a guest appearance as Moe's girlfriend, Renee. The episode contains several cultural references and was generally well-received.

Plot
With Moe Szyslak depressed at having gone four years without a date, Homer takes him to meet a woman at Stu's Disco, but he fails to do so. Further resigned to his misery, Moe starts a conversation with a flower vendor named Renee and ends up asking her out. Moe and Renee seem to form a strong relationship, but Moe is insecure about his hold on her and feels he must spend large amounts of money so she will stay with him.

In need of more money once his Player's Club card gets maxed out and he scares off his customers after calling in their bar tabs, Moe concocts a scheme to commit insurance fraud, convincing Homer to steal his car and park it on train tracks so it will be destroyed. The night the scheme is supposed to take place, Moe and Renee attend a police charity event aboard a yacht; the event's attendance by all the officers in town ensures Homer will not get caught perpetrating the scheme, and gives Moe an alibi so that no one will suspect he was behind the act. Homer botches the plan by stopping to watch a drive-in movie, missing the train that was supposed to destroy Moe's car. Instead, Homer drives the car off a cliff, but is unable to escape and sinks into the water near the yacht where the police charity event is taking place.

Moe gets the insurance payout but Homer is arrested and jailed. He persuades Moe to bail him out, but when Renee talks about wanting to vacation in Hawaii, spends the money on that instead. Moe is then confronted by his own conscience, in the form of Homer, who makes him feel bad for his betrayal. Moe tells Renee the truth about the insurance fraud scheme; at first she is happy he was honest, but when Moe starts scheming for a way to get Homer out of jail without paying the bail - involving graverobbing and arson - Renee is disgusted and leaves him. When he realizes she has left him, Moe sets the bar on fire by accident. Meanwhile, Homer escapes jail and goes to confront Moe, the two fight but then fall unconscious from smoke inhalation. Barney Gumble rescues them (and several kegs of beer) before the bar is completely destroyed. Homer reconciles with Moe and vows to help him get back on his feet, by temporarily relocating Moe's bar to the Simpsons' home.

Production
The episode was written by Ron Hauge, who has said he thought of the episode while attempting to create a story involving general illegal activity. Originally, Hauge had a different title for the episode, "Mutual of Moemaha", parodying the name of the Mutual of Omaha insurance company. The episode was going to add to the development of Moe's character in the show, though the staff did not think they were able to develop him more until later episodes.

Director Dominic Polcino and the animators of the episode were praised for their efforts by the other staff members, especially during the scene where Homer is driving down the cliff and attempts to escape Moe's car. Polcino and his animators went to great lengths to correctly time Homer's rolling and create a vivid and detailed lake, as well as animate Homer sinking to the bottom of the lake. Show runner Mike Scully commented that, "It's hard enough for us to come up with the ideas, but when Dominic and the animators can make it, it's really fantastic."

The episode guest starred Helen Hunt as Renee, Moe's girlfriend. She recorded her lines for the episode in July 1997. Hunt has said she liked the design of her character, who was named after Hauge's wife. During the making of the episode, Hunt and Hank Azaria, who voices Moe, were dating. In an interview with People Magazine in 1998, Scully stated: "Hank and Helen got along so well it's hard to believe they are a real couple." In July 1999, the couple married, but divorced in December 2000, after a long separation.

Cultural references
The title of the episode is a reference to the film Double Indemnity, which also had a plot involving an insurance scam. In the scenes where Moe and Renee are seen dating, the song "I'm a Believer" by The Monkees is playing. Other songs include "One Bourbon, One Scotch, One Beer" by Amos Milburn and "Brick House" by the Commodores.

The train passing by the drive-in is a reference to the 1956 photograph Hotshot Eastbound by O. Winston Link. Hans Moleman pushing a book cart down the prison corridor references the character Brooks Hatlen doing the same in The Shawshank Redemption.

Reception
In its original broadcast, "Dumbbell Indemnity" finished 25th in ratings for the week of February 23 - March 1, 1998, with a Nielsen rating of 10.5, equivalent to approximately 10.3 million viewing households. It was the third highest-rated show on the Fox network that week, following The X-Files and King of the Hill.

The authors of the book I Can't Believe It's a Bigger and Better Updated Unofficial Simpsons Guide, Warren Martyn and Adrian Wood, enjoyed the episode, commenting: "A case perhaps of life reflecting art as guest star Helen Hunt is now married to Hank Azaria, who is, of course, Moe, which is rather nice as you can't help but feel sad that, by the end of this rather clever and charming episode, Moe has been unlucky in love once more."

In a 2006 article in USA Today, "Dumbbell Indemnity" was highlighted among the six best episodes of The Simpsons season 9, along with "Trash of the Titans", "The Last Temptation of Krust", "The Cartridge Family", "The Joy of Sect", and "Das Bus".

IGN ranked Hail to the Chimp, the film Homer goes to see in the episode, as the seventh best fictional film within another work.

Show runner Mike Scully greatly enjoyed the scene where Homer attempts to escape Moe's car when it is going down the cliff, and has said that it is one of his favorite scenes from the show.

title: Dumbbell Indemnity


text:
P. J. Holden

Paul Jason Holden (born 28 December 1969) is a Northern Irish comic artist based in Belfast.

He has worked for 2000 AD, Warhammer Monthly, and Judge Dredd Megazine. Among other stories for these publications, he has provided the art for Rogue Trooper, Judge Dredd and Johnny Woo.

Biography
Holden was first published by Fantagraphics in 1997 (Holy Cross #3) with Malachy Coney, and he provided art for a story with Mike Carey from Caliber in 1997.

Not professionally published again until 2000 AD (Judge Dredd "Sino-Cit") in 2001, he has been working professionally since. This work has included further stints on Judge Dredd and, most recently, becoming the main artist on The 86ers, taking over for the third instalment of the first story.

He has a long history within the British small press comics, amongst other things, providing the early covers for FutureQuake, and this has continued until today with his providing forums to small press publishers on his Pencil Monkey message board. He has recently collected all his small press work into a single volume, Previously.

Holden got his break into the American comic book market with the Image Comics, mini-series Fearless.

Holden has also formed Infurious Comics a company aiming to produce mobile comics for the iPhone and iPod Touch and he helped design the Comic Reader App to facilitate this, which the BBC highlighted as one of "four pioneering web innovations". He has also provided the art for their first comic Murderdrome, written by Al Ewing. Although this was banned by Apple for violent content, the publicity raised the profile of Comic Reader App, which resulted in NBC licensing it for their Heroes comics. This led the BBC to suggest "Mr Holden and his colleagues may have accidentally hit upon what could be the future of comic book publishing.

Comics
Comics work includes:

 * Fantagraphics (with Malachy Coney):
 * Holy Cross #3
 * The Moon Looked Down and Laughed with
 * The DandyLion
 * "Suicide Kings" (with Mike Carey, Caliber Comics, 1997)
 * Mega-City One: "The Burning Red" (with Simon Spurrier, in Zarjaz (vol. 1) #1, 2001)
 * Judge Dredd:
 * "Sino-Town" (with Gordon Rennie, in 2000 AD #1233, 2001)
 * "Unnatural Selection" (with Alan Grant, in 2000 AD #1278, 2002)
 * "Waiting" (with Gordon Rennie, in 2000 AD #1312, 2002)
 * "Meet the Flooks" (with Gordon Rennie, in 2000 AD #1359, 2003)
 * "Dead Man Walking" (with Jonathan Clements, in Judge Dredd Megazine #226, 2004)
 * "The Magnificent Umbersons" (with Gordon Rennie, in Judge Dredd Megazine #235, 2005)
 * "Warzone" (with John Wagner, in Judge Dredd Megazine #240-243, 2006)
 * "House of Pain" (with Gordon Rennie, in 2000 AD #1488-1490, 2006)
 * "Sanctuary" (with Gordon Rennie, in 2000 AD #1495, 2006)
 * "On Campus" (with John Wagner, in 2000 AD #1522, 2007)
 * "It Came From Bea Arthur Block" (with Gordon Rennie, in 2000 AD #1637-1639, 2009)
 * "Tour of Duty: Interlude" (with John Wagner, in 2000 AD #1656, 2009)
 * Tharg's Future Shocks:
 * "Alpha Team" (with Simon Spurrier, in 2000 AD #1262, 2001)
 * "Skeleton Key" (with Richard McTighe, in 2000 AD #1276, 2002)
 * "Autocrats Anonymous" (with Jaspre Bark, in 2000 AD #1370, 2003)
 * Rogue Trooper: "Realpolitik" (with Gordon Rennie, in 2000 AD #1380-1385, 2004)
 * "The Cut Above" (in FutureQuake #2, 2004)
 * Johnny Woo: "A Bullet In The Head" (with Gordon Rennie, in Judge Dredd Megazine #231-233, 2005)
 * Origins of the Cadre #2 (with Mat Nastos and Andrew Pellerito, Nifty Comics, 2005)
 * The 86ers:
 * "Touchdown" (with writer Gordon Rennie, in 2000 AD #1482-1485, 2006)
 * "Interference" (with writer Gordon Rennie, in 2000 AD #1508-1510, 2006)
 * "Walking to Eternity" (with writer Gordon Rennie, in 2000 AD prog 2007, 2006)
 * "Grendel" (with writer Gordon Rennie, in 2000 AD #1544-1549, 2007)
 * "Under Pressure" (with writer Arthur Wyatt, in 2000 AD #1625-1630, 2009)
 * Fearless (with Mark Sable and Dave Roth, Image Comics, 2007-2008)
 * Dead Signal (with Al Ewing, in 2000 AD #1581-1587, 2008)
 * Murderdrome (with Al Ewing, mobile comic, 2008)
 * Battlefields: Happy Valley (with Garth Ennis, Dynamite Entertainment, January–February 2010, tpb, 88 pages, June 2010, ISBN 1-60690-128-1, included in The Complete Battlefields, Volume 2, hardcover, 200 pages, July 2011, ISBN 1-60690-222-9)
 * Terminator/Robocop: Kill Human (with Rob Williams, 5-issue limited series, Dynamite Entertainment, July–November 2011, tpb, 104 pages, March 2012, ISBN 1-60690-260-1)

Covers
Covers work includes:

 * FutureQuake #1-3, (2003–2004)

VR
VR work includes:

 * Dragon Slumber

Interviews

 * Interview with Richmond Clements at 2000adreview.co.uk

title: P. J. Holden


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Manker

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete. Nufy8 22:16, 10 September 2005 (UTC)

Manker
Non-notable--this is the spell-checking bot for the Filesharingtalk.com Web site, whose page is also up for deletion. GinaDana 19:25, 2 September 2005 (UTC)
 * delete as nn; btw that sure sounds like an annoying bot! Brighterorange 20:06, 2 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete just a piece of code. Doesn't even sound like it corrects slepping, just leavse an anynoing messgae behidn. -Splash 20:24, 2 September 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Manker


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Romanian Digital Info

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was DELETE. moink 06:06, 12 September 2005 (UTC)

Romanian Digital Info
Doesn't assert sufficient notability. KeithD (talk) 19:26, 2 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete one of 8.1 billion websites indexed by Google, all but the fifth decimal-place of which are nn. Note the Alexa rank of about 27,000th but then see their front page: it's alive with banners which presumably are reciprocal "list me and I'll list you to boost each others traffic and pagerank" things. -Splash 21:40, 2 September 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text: File:Tallahassee-Mountain GoatsX The 480.jpg


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Morris C. Shumiatcher

Morris Cyril "Shumi" Shumiatcher (September 20, 1917 – September 23, 2004) was a Canadian lawyer, human rights activist, philanthropist, arts patron, art collector, author, and lecturer. As senior legal counsel in the provincial government of Tommy Douglas, he drafted the 1947 Saskatchewan Bill of Rights, the first such bill in the British Commonwealth. He established a successful private law practice in Regina in 1949 and argued numerous cases of constitutional law before the Supreme Court of Canada. He and his wife Jacqui contributed millions of dollars to support the arts, universities, and other charities in Regina, and also amassed a significant private collection of Inuit art in Canada. He was the recipient of many awards and honours, including the Order of Canada in 1981 and the Saskatchewan Order of Merit in 1997.

Early life and education
Morris Cyril Shumiatcher was born in Calgary, Alberta, to Abraham Isaac Shumiatcher, Q.C. (1890–1974), a lawyer, and his wife Luba (née Lubinsky). He had one sister, Minuetta, who became a concert pianist in the United States. He was Jewish.

After attending primary and secondary school in Calgary, he set his career sights on becoming a professor of English. Advised that his religion would restrict his employment opportunities, he pursued a legal education instead. He studied in Japan on a Rotary scholarship from 1940 to 1941 and earned his Bachelor of Arts in 1940 and Bachelor of Laws in 1941 at the University of Alberta. He received his Master of Laws in 1942 from the University of Toronto. He was the first candidate to be accepted into the new doctoral program in law at the University of Toronto in 1942, entitling him to the Rowell Scholarship. World War II intervened, however, and he served with the Royal Canadian Air Force as an air gunner from 1943 to 1945. He completed his doctorate in jurisprudence in 1945 under the supervision of Bora Laskin, submitting the doctoral thesis A Study in Canadian Administrative Law: The Farmers' Creditors Arrangement Acts. He was admitted to the bars of British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, and the Northwest Territories.

Career

In 1946, he moved to Regina, Saskatchewan, at the invitation of Tommy Douglas to become Law Officer of the Attorney General. Afterwards he became the personal assistant to Douglas. He drafted several statutes, including the Farm Security Act and the Trade Union Act. He was the legal advisor for the Union of Saskatchewan Indians and chaired a July 1946 meeting between Treaty Indians and the provincial government. He continued to advocate for First Nations people with a 1967 article in Saturday Night magazine that criticized the government for restricting them to reserves rather than allowing them to own private property, and with the 1971 publication of his book Welfare: Hidden Backlash: A hard look at the welfare issue in Canada; what it has done to the Indian, what it could do to the rest of Canada.

Shumiatcher drafted the 1947 Saskatchewan Bill of Rights, which was the model for the United Nations' Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948) and the Canadian Bill of Rights (1960). The bill was the first of its kind in the British Commonwealth. It codified the rights of due process, freedom of speech, freedom of religion, freedom of association, and freedom of the press, and included protections against discrimination. The Saskatchewan Bill of Rights is still in force, as Part 2 of The Saskatchewan Human Rights Code, 2018. Shumiatcher included a protection against gender discrimination, but it did not appear in the final draft. However, the bill lacked an enforcement mechanism, making it "more a symbol than an instrument for defending human rights".

In 1948, he was appointed King's Counsel by the government of Saskatchewan, becoming the youngest person in the Commonwealth of Nations to receive that honour.

Shumiatcher left government employ in 1949 to start his own legal practice in Regina. Regarded as a brilliant lawyer, he specialized in labour, tax, and corporate law and argued numerous cases in constitutional law before the Supreme Court of Canada. His appeal on behalf of Eleanor Ellen Farr in Farr v. Farr in 1984 led to changes in Canada's matrimonial property law. He represented Joe Borowski before the Supreme Court of Canada in the latter's 1980s challenge to the constitutionality of abortion law; the court declared the case moot in 1989.

Author and lecturer
Shumiatcher frequently lectured and wrote on "literature, the arts, philosophy, law, human rights and obligations, the monarchy, politics and international relations". He was regularly interviewed in the media and appeared on a current affairs daily radio program; The World in Focus television program; and Civil Liberties and the Law, a lecture series broadcast nationally by the CTV Television Network.

Philanthropist and art patron
Shumiatcher and his wife Jacqueline were prominent supporters of the arts community in Regina, distributing millions of dollars in support of symphonies, theatres, universities, art galleries, and other charities. After his death in 2004, Jacqui Shumiatcher continued to make donations in both their names. Their endowments include:

 * The Shumiatcher Open Stage at the University of Regina, also known as the Shu-Box, a teaching theatre with expandable seating from 134 to 162
 * The Shumiatcher Sculpture Court, featuring Inuit art donated by the couple, and the Shumiatcher Theatre, both at the MacKenzie Art Gallery
 * The Shumiatcher Lobby and Shumiatcher Sandbox Series, both at the Globe Theatre
 * The Shumiatcher Pops Series at the Regina Symphony Orchestra
 * The Dr. Morris and Jacqui Shumiatcher Scholarship in Law, the annual lecture series "Law and Literature", and the Robert E. Bamford Memorial Award, at the University of Saskatchewan College of Law.
 * The Drs. Morris and Jacqui Shumiatcher Regina Book Award for the Saskatchewan Book Awards

Dr. Shumiatcher endowed the A.I. Shumiatcher Memorial Prize in Advocacy at the University of Alberta Faculty of Law in honor of his father, Abraham Issac Shumiatcher, Q.C., who attended the university, to be awarded annually to a student who shows superior academic achievement in the field of advocacy.

Art collector
Shumiatcher began collecting art in his twenties; he returned from his study year in Japan in 1941 with "masks, woodblock prints and kimonos". In 1954 he visited Lac la Ronge, northern Saskatchewan, where he purchased four Inuit sculptures. After their marriage in 1955, he and his wife Jacqui amassed what was later termed "one of the most significant private collections of Inuit art in Canada". Their home included an extensive gallery displaying their acquisitions. In 2014 Jacqui donated 1,310 pieces valued at $3 million – including Inuit sculptures and paintings by the Regina Five – to the University of Regina.

Criminal charge, disbarment, and exoneration
Shumiatcher's high profile in Western Canada, fueled by his successful law practice and prominent social status, made him the target of criticism in the legal world, which "perceived [him] as unconventional, flamboyant, and something of a gadfly". In 1962 Shumiatcher was charged with conspiracy to defraud the public as a result of advice he had given a corporate client, and was disbarred. Shumiatcher stated he was the object of a vendetta by leading politicians and legal personalities whom he had offended. Many Saskatchewan judges supported him. In 1964 the Court of Appeal for Saskatchewan set aside the conviction for conspiracy, citing "manifest error by the trial judge".

The court also invalidated Shumiatcher's disbarment, but new allegations received by the Law Society of Saskatchewan prompted the latter group to suspend Shumiatcher's membership for six months beginning in September 1966. Shumiatcher appealed that decision to the Court of Appeal, which granted his appeal and ruled against the Law Society's decision for lack of evidence. The Court of Appeal declined to grant leave to appeal to the Supreme Court of Canada. The Supreme Court of Canada refused to hear any further appeals, ending Shumiatcher's legal disputes.

Affiliations and memberships
Shumiatcher served as president of the Norman Mackenzie Art Gallery, the Regina Symphony Orchestra, the Royal Commonwealth Society, and the Duke of Edinburgh Award Committee for Saskatchewan. He sat on the board of directors of the Saskatchewan Centre of the Arts and of Beth Jacob Synagogue in Regina. He was also a member of the National Council of the Canadian Bar Association and was an honorary solicitor of the Regina Press Club.

Honours and awards
Shumiatcher served as an honorary consul general for Japan and Dean of the Consular Corps for Saskatchewan for 14 years.

He was appointed King's Counsel and was the recipient of numerous honours and awards on the provincial and government levels, including the Order of Canada (1981), the B'nai Brith Citizen of the Year (1991), the Canada 125 Medal (1992), the Distinguished Service Award of the Canadian Bar Association (1995), and the Saskatchewan Order of Merit (1996). He was honoured with life membership in the Monarchist League of Canada in 1992 and in the Regina Bar Association in 1997.

Personal life
In 1947 Jacqueline "Jacqui" Fanchette Clotilde Clay was hired as secretary to Shumiatcher during his employ as senior legal counsel in the provincial government; after leaving this position, she helped set up his private law practice. They married in April 1955. Jacqui established a managerial company to handle staff hires and office management for Morris' law firm.

The couple were childless. They resided at 2520 College Avenue in Regina, purchasing in 1956 a two-storey Picturesque Eclectic house originally owned by Maughan McCausland, also a lawyer. In 1979 they adjoined an adjacent one-storey house to the property, creating one large structure. Like her husband, Jacqui was awarded the Saskatchewan Order of Merit in 2001 and was inducted into the Order of Canada in 2017.

Shumiatcher died on September 23, 2004. His papers are held at the Provincial Archives of Saskatchewan.

title: Morris C. Shumiatcher


text:
Albrecht Thaer

Albrecht Daniel Thaer (14 May 1752 – 26 October 1828) was a German agronomist and a supporter of the humus theory for plant nutrition.

Family and early life
Albrecht Daniel Thaer was born in Celle, a neat little town in Hanover, on 14 May 1752. His father, Johann Friedrich Thaer, was physician to the Court, and born in Liebenwerda, in Saxony; his mother, Sophie Elisabeth, was the daughter of J. Saffe, receiver of rents and taxes of the district of Celle. Albert was the first born, and had three sisters, Christine, Albertine, and Wilhelmine, of which the first died in infancy, the second was married to Captain Schweppe, and the youngest to the well-known privy councillor, Doctor Jacobi.

At the University of Göttingen he finished his medical studies, and afterwards practised medicine in his native place. In 1786, he married the daughter of a nobleman, one Miss Von Wellich.

The garden attached to his house, where he amused himself with cultivating flowers, gave rise to his agricultural celebrity; the taste for the culture of flowers led him gradually to that of agriculture; he bought a larger lot of sixteen acres, and executed on it his plans. It was soon the attraction of everybody, for the collection of rare plants and beautiful walks, fine orchards, and the different kinds of clover and grass. His success in the culture of various plants, stimulated him to buy a more extensive tract of land.

Early career as physician
About that time, just when he was at the point of giving up his profession and devoting his time to agriculture alone, he received from London his patent, as physician to his majesty George the Third. This honor came unexpectedly, and he could not withdraw himself at once from his profession, but began by degrees to resign his practice, and continued his favorite occupation, the improvement of agriculture, with the view of establishing an experimental farm. He paid great attention to the culture of herbage fodder, root crops, and especially potatoes; which latter root he most vehemently defended against its numerous adversaries and assailants.

Career as agriculturist
His work on English husbandry appeared soon after, and was well received in Germany and in England. His fame as an agriculturist who applied science to practice, spread over all Europe. His plan of establishing a school was at last executed, and attracted many visitors of distinction. The king of Prussia Frederick William III was exceedingly anxious to have Thaer's services, invited him to reside within his kingdom, and granted him the following advantages: These privileges and honors were too tempting. He accepted the king's offer, and left Celle for Berlin; took possession of the 400 acres; sold it immediately, and bought the present landed estates Moegelin, and obtained all the privileges of a nobleman.
 * 1) Nomination as a member of the Academy of Sciences;
 * 2) A grant of four hundred acres of land;
 * 3) The privilege of selling the land, and all the privileges attached to a landed estate belonging to a nobleman, in case he should buy another estate;
 * 4) Protection to his academy;
 * 5) Entire liberty of the press in regard to his Agricultural Journal;
 * 6) Permission to practice his profession as a physician;
 * 7) His nomination, as privy counsellor.

It was in June, 1804, that he took possession of Moegelin. The loss of his flocks by rot and the French wars, were great calamities, especially in the commencement of his operations; but he conquered all difficulties by perseverance; and in 1806 the academy was opened. Twenty pupils inscribed their names immediately; the number increased with every year. He distinguished himself in the improvement of wool; his flocks were superior to any in Prussia. His written works increased his fame, and the sovereigns of Russia, Prussia and many others sent him their orders of knighthood. He. purchased additional property for his younger son Albrecht Philipp Thaer, the later proprietor of Moegelin, who was entirely devoted to agricultural pursuits.

Death
In the year 1828, he had a severe attack of rheumatism, and his health began to decline; in 1827, his eyesight failed entirely. His sufferings were great, but he bore them with fortitude and resignation, and at last, on 28 October 1828 in Wriezen, death put an end to his pains.

Thaer is buried in his garden, opposite the family dwelling, on the shore of a small clear pond, among the trees which he planted himself, "his children," as he called them. His tomb is under the eves of a chapel. No cold, huge block of marble tells you that here lies father Thaer; but above his grave rises a pyramid of flowers which with their fragrance arrest the attention of visitors, and point with their rich colored petals to the grave, where the man lies who loved them, and who spent his life among them, watching their mysterious habits, to catch a glimpse of the Great Mother's secret operations. Over his grave the ornaments of nature's rich temple mourn for their departed friend. His consort lies by his side surrounded by shrubs and trees.

Nowadays there is a grave memorial in Möglin in Brandenburg, Germany, see image.

Work
Albrecht Thaer was the first Agricultural scientist, who arranged the existing facts and theory of agriculture in a proper system. His works are highly valued among all agriculturists, and in his time referred to as a magazine of solid truths.

Thaer's Agricultural School
The Albrecht-Thaer-Schule in Celle was founded by Thaer early 19th century. In 1802 Thaer had founded in Celle in the "Dammasch-Wiesen", the first German Agricultural Training Institute (today Thaer's Garden ). There among others he experimented with rotation to improve the yield. In 1804, he joined the Prussian service. In the same year he founded the first German Agricultural Academy (Agricultural Academy Möglin) in Möglin manor house. In 1819 the academy was renamed Royal Prussian Academy of agriculture. Among the professors were Georg Ernst Wilhelm Crome from 1808 until 1813, Franz Körte from 1814 to 1830, and Philipp Albrecht Thaer from 1830 until its inclusion in the Berlin Agricultural Training Institute in 1861.

In the year 1804, the King of Prussia had invited Thaer to settle in his dominions, and gave him the estate of Mogelin, situated about forty-five miles from Berlin, consisting of 1,200 acres, to manage as a pattern farm. He erected extensive buildings for himself, three professors, a variety of tradesmen, and the requisite agricultural buildings. The three professors were — one for Mathematics, Chemistry and Geology, one for Veterinary Knowledge, and a third for Botany and Entomology; an experienced agriculturist was also engaged, whose office it was to point out to the pupils the mode of applying the sciences to the practical business of husbandry.

The course commerced in September. During the winter months, the time is occupied in mathematics, and the first six books of Euclid were studied: and in the summer, the geometrical knowledge was practically applied to the measurement of land, timber, buildings, and other objects. The first principles of chemistry were unfolded. By a good but economical apparatus, various experiments were made, both on a large and small scale. For the larger experiments, the brew-house and stilLhouse with their respective fixtures were found highly useful.

Much attention was paid to the analysation of various soils, and the different kinds, with the relative quantity of their component parts, were arranged with great order and regularity. The classification was made with neatness, by having the specimens of soil arranged in order, and distinguished by different colours. Thus, for instance, if the basis of the soil is sandy, the glass has a cover of yellow paper; if the next predominating earth is calcareous, the glass has a white ticket on its side; if it was red clay, it had a red ticket; if blue clay, a blue one. Over these tickets, others, of a smaller size, indicate by their colour the third greatest quantity of the particular substance contained in the soil. This matter may appear to many more ingenious than useful, and savouring too much of the German habit of generalising. The classification of Von Thaer was, however, as much adopted, and as commonly used on the large estates in Germany, where exact statistical accounts were kept, as the classification of Linnaeus in natural history is throughout the civilised world.

There was a large botanic garden, arranged on the system of the Swedish naturalist, kept in excellent order, with all the plants labelled, and the Latin as well as German names. A herbarium, with a good collection of dried plants which was constantly increasing, wa open to the examination of the pupils, as well as skeletons of the different animals, and casts of their several parts, which must have been of great use in veterinary pursuits. Models of agricultural implements, especially of ploughs, were preserved in a museum, which was stored as well with such as were common in Germany, as with those used in England, or other countries.

The various implements used on the farm were all made by smiths, wheelers, and carpenters, residing round the institution; the workshops were open to the pupils, and they were encouraged by attentive inspection, to become masters of the more minute branches of the economy of an estate.

The sum paid by each pupil was four hundred rix-dollars annually, besides which they provide their own beds and breakfasts. In that time in that country, such an expense precluded the admission of all but youths of good fortune. Each has a separate apartment. They were very well behaved young men, and their conduct to each other, and to the professors, was polite, even to punctilio.

Principles of Agriculture, 1809-12
Thaer's most quoted book is the four volumes Grundsätze der rationellen Landwirthschaft (1809–1812), which was translated into English in 1844 as The Principles of Agriculture by William Shaw and Cuthbert W. Johnson. The humus theory described in this work still received acceptance in the Modern Period (1800–1860).

Von Thaer's "Principles of Agriculture" contain the result of his experience through a series of years. The work embraces the theory of the soil, the clearing of land, plowing, manuring, and irrigation, hedges and fences, management of meadow and pasture lands; the cultivation of wheat, rye, corn, oats, barley, buckwheat, hops, tobacco, clover, and all the varieties of grasses; the economy of kine stock, breeding and feeding; the management of the dairy, and the use of manures, and the various systems of cultivation, keeping journals and farm records. In brief, it is a complete cyclopedia or circle of practical agriculture.

Conception of the agriculturist
Von Thaer's Agricultural School, Philipp Albrecht Thaer acknowledge in the 1850 programme of his agricultural school, that the object of his institution is to educate capable superintendents, or directors for large estates: but that he cannot call anyone a capable director, who has only the skill to carry out a mode of farming in an imitation or borrowed manner: that he understands by a capable director, a man who can, with a clear discernment, enhance the value of a landed estate entrusted to him so far as circumstances of condition and situation allow it.

A capable director will propose the object to be attained and which may be profitable, prudently, circumspectly, with an exact regard to all the internal and outward relations; and then, prepared with practised eye and tact, rise from one step to another, firm and sure, to the proposed height of culture and productiveness. That in such a course of operations, every visionary scheme and every restless change from one thing to another is to be avoided, is self-evident.

But if we now enquire further, as to the material and elements which are considered necessary to educate anyone to such a capacity, it is needful first—that the agriculturist should understand the general rudiments of all industrial intercourse and those also which belong to the general economy of the state; and these so much the more, as he will always be dependent upon the same. He is obliged, therefore, to fit himself to discern how his own landed estate is related to the whole country; how its politico-social relations and the conjectures of trade may check or aid, operate favorably or disastrously upon his enterprises and their results. Hence he can easily learn to judge, also, how the particular situation of a farm, the nearness or distance of the market, the thoroughfares of trade, the exchange of manufactures, and the present value of money represented by the rate of interest, and, also, by that of the productiveness of mercantile or industrial capital, may impart a greater or less value to his landed property. These will, therefore, be particularly considered, in the exposition of the general doctrine of trade, which treats of the value of capital, the price of products, and the cost of labor.

While thus the agriculturist is led, as it were, from without to the internal economy of landed property, he must further-be so prepared, that he can judge not only of the soil on the same, and the materials contained in it, but also the given degree of richness, and the fit culture. It cannot also escape him, what influences the circumstances of the region exert on vegetable and animal development; and still less ought he to be unacquainted with the physical and moral circumstances of the inhabitants of a country under his inspection and examination.

If we imagine, finally, the agriculturist as in the conduct and management of the farm himself, then we wish him furnished, not only with knowledge but also with ability. He must not only be mentally educated, to conceive an idea, but also be practically certain and skilled in executing it. So, that the thought may be reduced to reality, he must be possessed of a rapid, sharp, sure perception and skill, and with an extensive knowledge of the particular business, instruments, and modes of operation, in the practice of his profession. The agriculturist must, as much as is possible, unite in his own person, the knowledge of art and the manual skill of his branch of business. The more this is the case—the clearer view he can obtain over the whole of the farming operations—so much deeper insight "will he have into the particular parts of the same, into the relation which they bear to each other, the agencies subordinate to himself, and the instruments of the whole system.

To look through this system correctly and regulate it, the agriculturist needs only the aid of a properly arranged and carefully executed' mode of keeping accounts: for as, according to the expression of Thaer the elder, "Account-keeping is the A B C of every trade," so it is wholly and especially the alphabet of agricultural enterprise. Through it, only, the results obtained have a certainty, the relation of the various branches to the whole are represented by numbers; the cause and effect, the means and result, the deficiency and the surplus, are reduced to figures and expressed in money-value.

As the agriculturist is, and continues in an always progressive intercourse with nature and its life; so those scenes are of aid to him, which give him an insight into the powers of nature, its influence on the success or failure of agricultural enterprise, the facility of developing these powers and influences of nature so as to regulate them according to his own wishes as far as it can be done. Hence, it follows, that the knowledge drawn from the domain of the natural sciences ought not to be wanting, in the complete education of. the future director: [steward, or manager, or overseer, as we call him in this country.] As it has been shown how the material and elements must act together, to educate a thorough and an able agriculturist it seems to us, also, that we have, at the same time, shown that while we have in view, as the immediate object of our school, this forming of thorough farmers, we must not limit the object within a narrow space; but make the training which accomplishes the general purpose, such as will enable a young man of a good preliminary education, sound parts and due application, to search still farther and acquire a high degree of information in this trade and science, by books and words.

Commemoration
The Germans paid due homage to this great man while living, and have not overlooked, as to posthumous honors, him who had rendered such great services to his country and to humanity in general. His statue stands among those of all the great men of Germany.

There are memorials to Thaer in Leipzig, Berlin (Schinkelplatz), Celle, Halle, Möglin, and Kadaň (in front of the agriculture school).

His portrait appeared on the banknote issued by the Reichsbank from 1929 until 1945. Printing ceased in 1945 but the note remained in circulation until the issue of the Deutsche Mark on 21 June 1948.

A postage stamp in memory of Thaer was issued by East Germany(DDR) Feb. 8, 1977. At the occasion of his 250th birthday, Germany issued a postage stamp and a postal stationery envelope on May 5, 2002.

Selected publications
Original publications in German, a selection:
 * Johann F. Mayer, Albrecht Daniel Thaer (1800). Über die Anlage der Schwemm-Wiesen
 * Albrecht Daniel Thaer (1800). Einleitung zur Kenntniß der englischen Landwirthschaft und ihrer neueren practischen und theoretischen Fortschritte.
 * Albrecht Daniel Thaer (1804). Beschreibung der nutzbarsten neuen Ackergeräthe. Volume 2.
 * Albrecht Daniel Thaer (1806). Vermischte landwirtschaftliche Schriften. Volume 3
 * Albrecht Daniel Thaer (1833). Grundsätze der rationellen landwirthschaft. 4 Volumes, (Volumes 3-4)
 * Albrecht Daniel Thaer (1810). Annalen des Ackerbaues. Volume 12
 * Albrecht Daniel Thaer (1811). Annalen der Fortschritte der Landwirthschaft in Theorie und Praxis. Volume 2
 * Albrecht Daniel Thaer (1811). Handbuch für die feinwollige schaafzucht.
 * Albrecht Daniel Thaer (1815). Leitfaden zur allgemeinen landwirtschaftlichen gewerbslehre.
 * Albrecht Daniel Thaer (1826). Möglinsche Annalen der Landwirthschaft. Volume 17

Translations:
 * Albert D. Thaër. Tr. by William Shaw and Cuthbert W. Johnson. The principles of agriculture. London, Ridgway, 1844.
 * Albrecht Daniel Thaer, Augustus Olcott Moore. The Principles of Practical Agriculture Embracing ... A.O. Moore, Agricultural Book Publisher. 1858

About Albrecht Thaer

 * Wilhelm Körte (1839) Albrecht Thaer: Sein Leben und Wirken.

title: Albrecht Thaer


text:
Robert Darnton

Robert Choate Darnton (born May 10, 1939) is an American cultural historian and academic librarian who specializes in 18th-century France.

He was director of the Harvard University Library from 2007 to 2016.

Life
Darnton was born in New York City. He graduated from Phillips Academy in 1957 and Harvard University in 1960, attended Oxford University on a Rhodes scholarship, and earned a PhD (DPhil) in history from Oxford in 1964, where he studied with Richard Cobb, among others. The title of his thesis was Trends in radical propaganda on the eve of the French Revolution (1782–1788). He worked as reporter at The New York Times from 1964 to 1965. He was a Junior Fellow in the Harvard Society of Fellows from 1965 to 1968. Joining the Princeton University faculty in 1968, he was appointed Shelby Cullom Davis Professor of European History and was awarded a MacArthur Fellowship in 1982. He was president of the International Society for Eighteenth-Century Studies from 1987 to 1991, where he founded the East-West Seminar, now continued as the International Seminar for Early Career Scholars. He served as president of the American Historical Association in 1999, where he founded the Gutenberg-e Program, sponsored by Mellon Foundation.

Darnton was a trustee of the Oxford University Press from 1994 to 2007. He is a trustee of the New York Public Library, where he designed and helped launch the Dorothy and Lewis B. Cullman Center for Scholars and Writers.

On July 1, 2007, he transferred to emeritus status at Princeton, and was appointed Carl H. Pforzheimer University Professor and director of the Harvard University Library, succeeding Sidney Verba. As University Librarian, he co-founded the Digital Public Library of America and he designed the digital archive Colonial North America: Worlds of Change. In January 2016, Ann Blair succeeded him as the Carl H. Pforzheimer University Professor.

Darnton is a pioneer in the field of the history of the book, and has written about electronic publishing.

Awards and honors
His first major prize was the Leo Gershoy Award for The Business of Enlightenment in 1979. He was later elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1980 and the American Philosophical Society in 1989. He has also received the National Book Critics Circle Award for criticism for The Forbidden Best-Sellers of Pre-Revolutionary France (New York: W.W. Norton, 1996).

In 1996-1997 he held the Lyell Readership in Bibliography.

In 1999, he was named a Chevalier of the Légion d'Honneur, an award given by the French government, in recognition of his work. In 2004 he was awarded the Gutenberg Prize of the International Gutenberg Society and the City of Mainz by the.

In 2005, he received an award for distinguished achievement from the American Printing History Association.

On February 13, 2012, he was awarded the National Humanities Medal 2011 by President Barack Obama, for his determination to make knowledge accessible to everyone.

In 2013, he was awarded the Prix mondial Cino Del Duca lifetime achievement award by the Institut de France.

Family
His brother is the retired New York Times editor and author John Darnton, and his father was the war correspondent Byron Darnton.

Works

 * Coauthored with Daniel Roche:
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title: Robert Darnton


text:
Multifunctional Utility/Logistics and Equipment vehicle

The Multi-Mission Unmanned Ground Vehicle, previously known as the Multifunction Utility/Logistics and Equipment vehicle (MULE), was an autonomous unmanned ground combat vehicle developed by Lockheed Martin Missiles and Fire Control for the United States Army's Future Combat Systems and BCT Modernization programs. The last component of the program was canceled in July 2011.

Timeline
In $5.5 million, 18-month contract awarded July 2002 the Department of Defense selected Boeing Integrated Defense Systems to prototype a six-wheeled vehicle, then called "Stinger". Boeing's partner, Carnegie Mellon University's National Robotics Engineering Consortium, said it anticipated the armed vehicle could be fielded by 2008.

Description
The Multifunctional Utility/Logistics and Equipment Vehicle was a 2.5-ton Unmanned Ground Vehicle (UGV) that was developed to support dismounted and air assault operations. The MULE was sling-loadable under military rotorcraft and featured a common chassis. As the program's centerpiece, the Common Mobility Platform (CMP) chassis provided mobility built around an advanced propulsion and articulated suspension system. This system gave the MULE the ability to negotiate complex terrain, obstacles, and gaps that a dismounted squad would encounter.

The MULE's unique, highly advanced 6x6 independent articulated suspension, coupled with in-hub motors powering each wheel, provided extreme mobility in complex terrain, far exceeding that of vehicles utilizing more conventional suspension systems. It could climb at least a 1-meter step traverse side slopes greater than 40 percent, ford water to depths over 0.5 meters and overpass obstacles as high as 0.5 meters, while compensating for varying payload weights and center of gravity locations.

XM1217 Transport
The XM1217 was canceled in December 2009 along with the XM1218. It would have been able to haul 860 to 1090 kg (1,900 to 2,400 pounds) of equipment.

XM1218 Countermine
The Countermine MULE Vehicle (MULE-CM) (XM1218) would provide the capability to detect, mark, and neutralize anti-tank mines. The vehicle would be equipped with an integrated mine detection mission equipment package from the Ground Standoff Mine Detection System (GSTAMIDS). The XM1218 was canceled in December 2009.

XM1219 ARV-Assault-Light
The ARV-A-L MULE Vehicle (ARV-A-L) (XM1219) would have featured an integrated weapons and reconnaissance, surveillance, and target acquisition (RSTA) package to support the dismounted infantry's efforts to locate and destroy enemy platforms and positions. The ARV-A-L would have supported both anti-tank and anti-personnel weapons platforms that will be remotely operated by network linked Soldiers. This variant was cancelled in July 2011.


text:
2nd Frigate Squadron (United Kingdom)

The 2nd Frigate Squadron was an administrative unit of the Royal Navy from 1947 to 2002.

Operational history
During its existence, the squadron included Black Swan-class, Type 15, Type 16, Leander-class and Type 22 frigates. The squadron was based at HMNB Devonport.

Silver Jubilee 1977
At the Silver Jubilee Fleet Review, 24–29 June 1977, 2nd Frigate Squadron comprised:
 * HMS Apollo (F70) – Capt G. M. F. Vallings, RN (Captain Second Frigate Squadron)
 * HMS Hardy (F54) – Lt Cdr M. J. Larmuth, RN
 * HMS Torquay (F43) – Lt Cdr M. H. Rhodes, RN
 * HMS Dundas (F48) – Lt Cdr W. J. Christie, RN

Disbandment 2002
In its last configuration, the squadron comprised the Type 22 frigates HMS Cornwall (F99) (Captain F), HMS Cumberland (F85), HMS Campbeltown (F86) and HMS Chatham (F87). The squadron was disbanded in March 2002 under the Royal Navy's "Fleet First" reorganization.

title: 2nd Frigate Squadron (United Kingdom)


text: User talk:67.43.21.35

title: User talk:67.43.21.35


text:
Aga Khan Foundation

The Aga Khan Foundation (AKF) is a private, not-for-profit international development agency, which was founded in 1967 by Shah Karim Al Hussaini, Aga Khan IV, the 49th Hereditary Imam of the Shia Ismaili Muslims. AKF seeks to provide long-term solutions to problems of poverty, hunger, illiteracy and ill health in the poorest parts of South and Central Asia, Eastern and Western Africa, and the Middle East. In these regions, the needs of rural communities in mountainous, coastal and resource poor areas are given particular attention. The Foundation's activities often reinforce the work of other sister agencies within the Aga Khan Development Network (AKDN). While these agencies are guided by different mandates pertaining to their respective fields of expertise (the environment, culture, microfinance, health, education, architecture, rural development), their activities are often coordinated with one another in order to "multiply" the overall effect that the Network has in any given place or community. AKF also collaborates with local, national and international partners in order to bring about sustainable improvements of life in the 14 countries in which it implements programmes. The Foundation's head office is located in Geneva, Switzerland.

Areas of focus
The Foundation has seven areas of focus that include: early childhood development, education, health and nutrition, agriculture and food security, civil society, work and enterprise, and climate resilience. Seeking innovative approaches to complex problems, it tries to identify solutions that can be adapted to conditions in many different regions and replicated.

Cross-cutting issues that are also addressed by the Foundation include human resource development, community participation, and gender and development.

Funding
The Aga Khan provides the Foundation with regular funding for administration as well as making contributions to its endowment. Grants from government, institutional and private sector partners including from the United Nations, Global Affairs Canada, USAID, the UK's FCDO, the German Federal Foreign Office, Agence Française de Développement and others represent substantial sources of funding. The Ismaili community also contributes financial resources as well as volunteers, time, and professional services.

Awards and recognition
Among other recognition for its work, the Foundation received the 2005 Award for Most Innovative Development Project from the Global Development Network for the Aga Khan Rural Support Programme (AKRSP). The AKRSP has successfully been replicated to form the Rural Support Programmes Network in Pakistan.

Geographic focus
The Aga Khan Foundation has a presence in 17 countries globally, implementing programmes in 14 of those including in: Eastern Africa (Kenya, Madagascar, Mozambique, Tanzania and Uganda); Central & South Asia (Afghanistan, India, Kyrgyz Republic, Pakistan and Tajikistan); the Middle East (Egypt and Syria); and Europe (Portugal). The Foundation has fundraising and technical support offices in Canada, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and the United States.

title: Aga Khan Foundation


text:
Talk:GetRight

Advertisement
Is this an advertisement? I don't like the product. it cost me 3 days of my life before I dumped it for another brand. There is a problem if you lose the link to your original site and it goes looking for alternate mirrors and the one it finds is a log in site.. It erases all progress so far and replaces it with the log in url. 0k file. :(

 * Definitely! I was shocked when I first spotted it, I thought that I would puke, never in my life have I read such a shitty article on Wikipedia! O.K., I think I have removed the most obnoxious marketing shit and disgusting weasel words. Maybe I hurt the article a little, but at least it is somewhat readable now. However, I'd like to ditch it completely in favour of the exact translation of the Polish version. If you understand Polish, just check it out. In its enumeration, it is very concise and contains much more information than this obnoxious advertisement. Besides, I like the program, since it contains a lot of features, however, it also contains a lot of bugs. E.g., at least in former versions, when loaded esp. with menay small files, it would often crash, which meant stopped downloading. Sometimes the files were not properly renamed, or were saved in the wrong place. While many of the bugs may have been fixed, it still leaks GDI handles, which may be fatal for other programs as well, esp. on Windows 2000, which has a system-wide limit of 2^14. 78.99.211.122 (talk) 16:33, 22 June 2008 (UTC)

 * An ad? It may be, the program is one of the more established managers and it's features, ease of use and stability are much better than even Firefox's best (and only) integrated download manager. As far as I know the program contains no spyware, it has never caused me any problems and I have always used it quite simply because it is the first manager I found on Google all those years ago and it has never failed me. I'm sure there are better programs, better looking ones, faster running, sleeker and full of useful features such as dancing pigs and the numa numa song when your download has finished, but this has served me well. I don't work for Getright either, I just forgot to sign in >.< 202.191.107.40 12:52, 10 September 2006 (UTC) (usually JayKeaton)

 * Just got the new version now, looks like they added a "would you like to instal desktop armor" or summat at the end, it is optional, but i would never use the armor thing JayKeaton 12:55, 10 September 2006 (UTC)

Advert?
Thought I'd give my penny's worth ;) I think the programme is very useful and widely used therefore warrants the article, but yes it is important that it doesn't read like an advert. I've therefore made a few changes which I hope will help us reach that goal. I've also added the citation needed to my comments about IE users, because whilst I know that to be true I need to find some evidence when I get a moment :) Paulfp 12:49, 7 March 2007 (UTC)

(One of) the first Windows download managers?
I've been using Getright since around 1997 or '98 (when I was still in high school). I remember switching briefly to Go!Zilla, and then to DAP, and remember switching back when all those other download managers got a bad rep from all the GAIN related, Gator infested, adware whatever-stuffs, while Michael Buford declared that he has exorcized GetRight of all spyware / adware. And if I'm not mistaken, GetRight had by then replicated DAP's multi-mirror "download-accelerating" capability. I first downloaded GetRight for its download resuming capabilities.

I don't have any web-based hard evidence verifying any of the above claims, other that what is recorded in my brain from actual lived experience. Don't take my word for any of this.

From my first use in the late 90's I have yet to buy a GetRight license. But I sure hope that this little blurb makes up a little bit of the very much that I owe him in prevented lost downloads. So like, thanks Michael!

--Lemi4 16:42, 14 March 2007 (UTC)

 * "And if I'm not mistaken, GetRight had by then replicated DAP's multi-mirror "download-accelerating" capability."
 * I do not know if GetRight really replicated this feature. What I do know is that I once described this (IMHO rather obvious) idea to Michael Burford (I called it interleaved downloading). Some time later it appeared in GetRight. However, this has been apparently so long ago that I do not find my email with my suggestion any more. I do however have an answer of Mike Burford (of September 1999) in which he confirms the inclusion in release 4.1.
 * In other words, it remains unclear who "invented" this download acceleration method the first time. --80.134.13.44 13:57, 19 October 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:GetRight


text:
User:Brina700

About Me
I am self employed and have provided legal services to attorneys for over 20 years. I specialize in document processing and am highly skilled in research, editing, formatting, etc.

My college education is in psychology, though the study of Early Civilizations with an emphasis on Western Development has been a steady pursuit. I also have a passion for mythology, ancient spiritual practices, and the occult (though not as a "believer" or "follower" of said practices, but in how they relate to the development of ancient cultures).

My hobby is writing, fiction and nonfiction. Some of my work has been published on a small scale.

Articles I've Worked On
Biggest job:

Standardizing the format for the 36 Dynasties of Egypt.

I worked on the following topics, but did not create them from scratch.

Astral projection Crystal ball Brothers Grimm Ouija Scrying Changeling Bigfoot Lochness Monster Halloween Monster Out-of-body experience Death (personification) Stonehenge Pharaoh Druid Wizard Witch's Ladder Astral projection Lucid dreaming Mothman Goblin Electronic voice phenomena Witchcraft Germanic tribes

title: User:Brina700


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Talk:Lydford

Untitled
In the village is a small ruined Norman castle, formerly a prison, now maintained by English Heritage. hehe, this castle is notorious as the seat of Lydford Law, and one of Hanging Judge Jeffries assizes. More to expand on this soon! Sjc 19:32, 2 September 2005 (UTC)

External links modified
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20051107213734/http://www.lydford.co.uk/castletext.htm to http://www.lydford.co.uk/castletext.htm

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Medium
I don't believe a medium is a reliable source of information for a history section on a wikipedia article. I'm going to remove the section. Bodrugan (talk) 17:04, 30 May 2022 (UTC)

London and the Domesday Book
I'm pretty sure London wasn't in the Domesday Book, so I'm very unclear of what is meant in this article about Lydford being taxed equally with London. Anybody know? Bodrugan (talk) 17:08, 30 May 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Lydford


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Monocracy

Monocracy is a form of government and political system based on the personal rule of an individual without a specific origin, legitimacy, or rules for exercising and transferring power. It can also take the form of a dictatorship exercised in the name of a republic or democracy, or in the name of the people. The term doesn't refer to traditional monarchy and has a broader meaning.

According to its etymology and literal meaning, the term monocracy includes all varieties of autocracy; in practice, however, a modified definition excluding non-monarchic and non-dynastic forms has been adopted in the political science literature. While monarchy is a system in which "the rule of one" is a universally accepted principle — justified by tradition and clarified by a number of rules defining the order and mode of assuming power, exercising it, and transferring it — the ruler of a monocracy can come to power in unpredictable, case-by-case ways, both legal and illegal. A monocratic ruler's power comes "out of nowhere"; the fact that they hold personal power may or may not be officially proclaimed and promulgated, and the question of succession remains open.

"Accidentality" in this case may also mean a situation in which the ruler becomes a monocrat against their original aspirations and intentions, as a result of the internal logic of the development of events, to which they contributed to some extent. Whatever title such a ruler adopts, they are always a "new prince" (il principe nuovo) in the sense defined by Niccolò Machiavelli as the one who did not inherit power, but gained it "by others or by his own weapons, by luck or personal valor" (Prince, I, 1).

Monocratic systems have occurred in all eras and civilizations, but as a rule they appear in "transitional" times of crisis of the previously dominant system, such as Greek aristocratic or democratic polis, the Roman Republic, and modern parliamentary democracy. Monocracies emerging from such systems include Greek tyrannies, Roman dictatorships for an unlimited period at the end of the Republic (Sulla, then Caesar), Oliver Cromwell's protectorate in the Commonwealth of England, and Napoleon Bonaparte's consulate at the end of the French First Republic.

In the twentieth century, monocracies appeared in authoritarian systems — including Józef Piłsudski in Poland, António de Oliveira Salazar in Portugal, Francisco Franco in Spain, Philippe Pétain in the French state, Getúlio Vargas in Brazil, and Juan Perón in Argentina — as well as totalitarian ones, e.g. Benito Mussolini in Italy, Adolf Hitler in Germany, Joseph Stalin in the USSR, Mao Zedong in communist China, and Kim Il Sung in North Korea.

title: Monocracy


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Judkins shogi

Judkins shogi (ジャドケンス将棋 Jadokensu shōgi "Judkins shogi") is a modern variant of shogi (Japanese chess), however it is not Japanese. Credit for its invention has been given to Paul Judkins of Norwich, UK, prior to April 1998.

Objective
The objective of the game is to capture your opponent's king.

Game equipment
Two players, Black and White (or 先手 sente and 後手 gote), play on a board ruled into a grid of 6 ranks (rows) by 6 files (columns). The squares are undifferentiated by marking or color.

Each player has a set of 7 wedge-shaped pieces, of slightly different sizes. From largest to smallest (most to least powerful) they are:

 * 1 king
 * 1 rook
 * 1 bishop
 * 1 gold general
 * 1 silver general
 * 1 knight
 * 1 pawn

Most of the English-language names are chosen to correspond to rough equivalents in Western chess, rather than as translations of the Japanese names.

Each piece has its name in the form of two kanji written on its face. On the reverse side of some pieces are one or two other characters, often in a different color (commonly red instead of black); this reverse side is turned up to indicate that the piece has been promoted during play. The pieces of the two sides do not differ in color, but instead each piece is shaped like a wedge, and faces forward, toward the opposing side. This shows who controls the piece during play.

Table of pieces
Listed here are the pieces of the game with their Japanese representation:

English speakers sometimes refer to promoted bishops as horses and promoted rooks as dragons, after their Japanese names, and generally use the Japanese name tokin for promoted pawns. Silver generals and gold generals are commonly referred to simply as silvers and golds.

The characters inscribed on the backs of the pieces to indicate promoted rank may be in red ink, and are usually cursive. The characters on the backs of the pieces that promote to gold generals are cursive versions of 金 'gold', becoming more cursive (more abbreviated) as the value of the original piece decreases. These abbreviated characters have these equivalents in print: 全 for promoted silver, 今 for promoted knight, and 个 for promoted pawn (tokin). Another convention has abbreviated versions of the original characters, with a reduced number of strokes: 圭 for promoted knight, with promoted silver the same 全 as above, and と for tokin.

Setup
Each side places his pieces in the positions shown below, pointing toward the opponent.

 * In the rank nearest the player:
 * The king is placed in the left corner file.
 * The gold general is placed in the adjacent file to the king.
 * The silver general is placed adjacent to the gold general.
 * The knight is placed adjacent to the silver general.
 * The bishop is placed adjacent to the knight.
 * The rook is placed adjacent to the bishop in the right corner.

That is, the first rank is |K|G|S|N|B|R|.

 * In the second rank, each player places the pawn in the same file as the king on the far left side.

Game play
The players alternate making a move, with Black moving first. (The traditional terms 'black' and 'white' are used to differentiate the sides during discussion of the game, but are not literally descriptive.) A move consists of moving a single piece on the board and potentially promoting that piece, displacing (capturing) an opposing piece or dropping a captured piece onto an empty square of the board. Each of these options is detailed below.

Movement and capture
An opposing piece is captured by displacement: That is, if a piece moves to a square occupied by an opposing piece, the opposing piece is displaced and removed from the board. A piece cannot move to a square occupied by a friendly piece (meaning another piece controlled by the moving player).

Each piece on the game moves in a characteristic pattern. Pieces move either orthogonally (that is, forward, backward, left, or right, in the direction of one of the arms of a plus sign, +), or diagonally (in the direction of one of the arms of a multiplication sign, ×). The knight is an exception in that it does not move in a straight line.

The movement categories are:

Step movers
Some pieces move only one square at a time. (If a friendly piece occupies an adjacent square, the moving piece may not move in that direction; if an opposing piece is there, it may be displaced and captured.)

The step movers are the king, gold general, silver general and pawn.

Jumping piece
The knight can jump, that is, it can pass over any intervening piece, whether friend or foe, with no effect on either.

Ranging pieces
The bishop and rook can move any number of empty squares along a straight line, limited only by the edge of the board. If an opposing piece intervenes, it may be captured by moving to that square and removing it from the board. A ranging piece must stop where it captures, and cannot bypass a piece that is in its way. If a friendly piece intervenes, the moving piece is limited to a distance that stops short of the intervening piece; if the friendly piece is adjacent, it cannot move in that direction at all.

Promotion
A player's promotion zone consists of the two farthest ranks, at the original line of the opponent's pawn and beyond (that is, the opponent's territory at setup). If a piece crosses the board within the promotion zone, including moves into, out of, or wholly within the zone, but not including drops (see below), then that player may choose to promote the piece at the end of the turn. Promotion is effected by turning the piece over after it moves, revealing the name of its promoted rank.

Promoting a piece has the effect of changing how that piece moves until it is removed from the board. Each piece promotes as follows:

 * A king or gold general cannot promote, nor can pieces which are already promoted.
 * A silver general, knight or pawn, when promoted, loses its normal movement and gains the movement of a gold general.
 * A bishop or rook, when promoted, keeps its normal movement and gains the ability to move one square in any direction (like a king). This means the bishop is now able to reach any square on the board, given enough moves.

If a pawn or knight reaches the furthest rank, it must be promoted, since it would otherwise have no legal move on subsequent turns. For the same reason, a knight reaching the penultimate rank must be promoted.

When captured, pieces lose their promoted status.

Individual pieces
Following are diagrams that indicate the movement of each piece. Pieces are pared with their promotion and those with a grey heading start out in the game; promoted pieces have a blue heading. Betza's funny notation has been included in brackets for easier reference.

Drops
Captured pieces are truly captured in Judkins shogi. They are retained "in hand", and can be brought back into play under the capturing player's control. On any turn, instead of moving a piece across the board, a player can take a piece he has previously captured and place it on any empty square, facing the opponent. The piece is now part of the forces controlled by that player. This is termed dropping the piece, or just a drop.

A drop cannot capture a piece; that requires an additional move.

Pieces that are dropped in the promotion zone do not promote as a result: Promotion requires that piece make a normal movement on a subsequent turn, as detailed under "Promotion", above. Pieces that are promoted when captured lose that promotion; they are unpromoted when dropped back on the board.

A pawn or knight may not be dropped on the furthest rank, since it would have no legal move on subsequent turns. Similarly, a knight may not be dropped on the penultimate rank.

There are two restrictions when dropping pawns:

A pawn cannot be dropped into the same file (vertical column) as another unpromoted pawn controlled by the same player. (A tokin, or promoted pawn, does not count as a pawn when considering this drop restriction.)

A pawn cannot be dropped directly in front of the opponent's king, if the opponent would have no way to prevent his king being captured on the next move. In other words, a pawn cannot be dropped to give immediate mate.

Check and mate
When a player makes a move, such that the opponent's king could be captured on the following move, the move is said to give check to the king; the king is said to be in check. If a player's king is in check and no legal move by that player will get it out of check, the checking move is also mate, and effectively wins the game.

A player is not allowed to give perpetual check.

Game end
A player who captures the opponent's king wins the game. In practice this rarely happens, as a player will resign when checkmated, as otherwise when loss is inevitable.

A player who makes an illegal move loses immediately. (This rule may be relaxed in casual games.)

There are two other possible (but fairly uncommon) ways for a game to end: repetition (千日手 sennichite) and impasse (持将棋 jishōgi). If the same position occurs four times with the same player to play, then the game is no contest. Recall, however, the prohibition against perpetual check. For two positions to be considered the same, the pieces in hand must be the same, as well as the position on the board.

The game reaches an impasse if both kings have advanced into their respective promotion zones and neither player can hope to mate the other or to gain any further material. If this happens then the winner is decided as follows: each rook or bishop scores 5 points for the owning player, and all other pieces (except kings) score 1 point each. Promotions are ignored for the purposes of scoring. A player scoring less than 12 points loses. If both players have at least 12 points, then the game is no contest.

Games which are no contest are usually counted as draws in amateur tournaments, but in professional style tournaments the rules may require the game to be replayed with colors reversed (possibly with reduced time limits).

Handicaps
Games between players of disparate strength are often played with handicaps. In a handicap game, one or more of White's pieces is removed before the start of play, and White plays the first move of the game. Note that the pieces removed at the beginning play no further part in the game — they are not available for drops. The imbalance created by this method of handicapping is not as strong as it is in chess, because material advantage is not as powerful in Judkins shogi as in chess.

Common handicaps, in increasing order of size, are as follows:
 * Remove White's bishop
 * Remove White's rook
 * Two pieces: remove White's rook and bishop

Other handicaps are also occasionally used. The relationship between handicaps and differences in rank is not universally agreed upon.

Game notation
The method used in English-language texts to express shogi moves was established by George Hodges in 1976. It is derived from the algebraic notation used for chess, but differs in several respects. Minor variations are made for Judkins shogi.

A typical example is P-6d. The first letter represents the piece moved: P = pawn, N = knight, S = silver, G = gold, B = bishop, R = rook, K = king. Promoted pieces have a + added in front of the letter. e.g., +P for a tokin (promoted pawn). The designation of the piece is followed by a symbol indicating the type of move: - for an ordinary move, x for a capture, or * for a drop. Next is the designation for the square on which the piece lands. This consists of a number representing the file and a lowercase letter representing the rank, with 1a being the top right corner (as seen from Black's point of view) and 6f being the bottom left corner. (This method of designating squares is based on Japanese convention, which, however, uses Japanese numerals instead of letters. For example, the square 2c is denoted by 2三 in Japanese.)

If a move entitles the player to promote the piece, then a + is added to the end to signify that the promotion was taken, or an = to indicate that it was declined. For example, Nx5c= indicates a knight capturing on 5c without promoting.

In cases where the above notation would be ambiguous, the designation of the start square is added after the designation for the piece in order to make clear which piece is meant. For example, if Black has two golds (one was captured and dropped) which can be moved to the square 5e in front of the king, and these are distinguished as C6e-5d (moving the left one) and C4e-5d (moving the right one).

Moves are commonly numbered as in chess. For example, the start of a game might look like this: 1. P-1c  P-6d 2. P-1d  P-6c

In handicap games White plays first, so Black's move 1 is replaced by an ellipsis.

title: Judkins shogi


text: User:OffTheWall

title: User:OffTheWall


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User talk:Kelleheretic

More in the future.

Chalk's
Please refrain from adding information about the plane crach until you can cite a published source. Please see WP:NOT and WP:CITE. --  Dalbury ( Talk )  21:44, 19 December 2005 (UTC)

Cab Calloway School of the Arts
A friend and I, both students at Cab, have been working on the article this afternoon. We threw in a section on nicknames and student culture, based on the decision that they are acceptable on WP because they are part of the culture. If you do not agree, please let me know so we can dialogue and decide what is best for Wikipedia. I have found nothing to dissuade me in WP: NOT, but perhaps your obviously greater familiarity with WP can shed some light on my perceptions? I look forward to hearing from you.

-Jim, 11th Grade, Cab Calloway School

 * Hello Jim. It's nice to meet you, I am a senior at Charter.  The reason that that information is not relevant on WP is because, though it is part of Cab culture, it would not be useful to anyone that does not attend your school (or otherwise know your teachers).  Think of a real encyclopedia.  You would never find info like this in it; the cultural portion of an article should be about how an organization's members relate to members of other organizations.  If there is a tradition in Cab theater that somehow carries out into its performances (which are seen be people across Delaware, not just students and parents), then that may be relevant.  But the nicknames of a teacher or technical instrument are not.  I hope this makes sense to you.  I know how frustrating it can be to put a lot of work into writing something only to have it deleted, but I hope that this experience does not turn you off from editing more articles in the future.  By the way, if you want to read some school articles that are excellently written, see Stuy, TJHSST or Charter School of Wilmington (only excellent by my opinions, not by consensus). -- ʀ6ʍ  ɑ  ʏ89  02:08, 9 March 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:Kelleheretic


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Jerrold Immel

Jerrold Immel (born 9 September 1936 in Los Angeles, California) is a United States television music composer, whose most famous works are the theme tune to the soap opera Dallas and Voyagers!.

Before moving into scoring, Immel worked as a music copyist at CBS, before getting his break into television scoring on Gunsmoke. Other programs which he has contributed music to include How the West Was Won, Hawaii Five-O, Logan's Run, Walker, Texas Ranger (through 1995 season) and Knots Landing. He has also composed music for films, including the scores to Matilda (1978), Death Hunt (1981), Sourdough (1981) and Megaforce (1982).

Television Scores (partial)
"Episode(s)" denotes the listing may be incomplete.

title: Jerrold Immel