text:
Talk:American toad

New Heading
The 'Tadpoles' heading should be changed to 'Reproduction and Life Cycle' keeping in line with Wiki recommended format. --128.252.25.54 (talk) 19:41, 19 September 2022 (UTC)

Range
The range map excludes southern New Jersey. What is this based on? I have seen numerous Eastern American Toads in southern New Jersey (Atlantic County). — Preceding unsigned comment added by 73.226.52.68 (talk) 19:23, 9 July 2016 (UTC)

Picture
I'm not convinced that the picture given is B. americanus, but it's the one used at Bufo, so I'll use it for now. -Harmil 02:25, 22 August 2005 (UTC)
 * [[Image:Bufo americanusPCCA20060417-3352B.jpg|thumb|right|125px|New photo]]Note that this photo was replaced with one of a (knock-on-wood) bona fide Bufo americanus.--Cotinis 03:02, 25 May 2006 (UTC)

Source
It should be noted that a large chunk of this article's text comes from: http://www.npwrc.usgs.gov/narcam/idguide/american.htm which is a PD source (U.S. Govt.) -Harmil 02:33, 22 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Yes, good point, and that source mostly just described the subspecies. This article needs to be rewritten as an account for the whole species. --Cotinis 10:52, 25 May 2006 (UTC)

Misspelling
FYI: The mounds behind the cranial crests are the "parotoid" glands, not the "parotid" glands. The parotid is a human salivary gland. Thanks for an otherwise great article. Greentick 05:05, 24 May 2006 (UTC)
 * Thanks so much for the correction--that was my error, I believe--too much human physiology in my head--I never noticed the difference. --Cotinis 02:55, 25 May 2006 (UTC)

Eating Mushrooms?
"It eats mainly spiders, live worms and mushrooms." I don't see a reference citing the mushroom part of the Dwarf American Toad's diet. Maybe it's there, but I just don't see it. I'm skeptical about this, since I've only heard of toads being carnivores and that they need to see a prey item move before they can attack it. --Kryptid 05:09, 5 April 2007 (UTC)

Contradiction about belly spots
In the main article is says "While the belly is usually spotted, it is generally more so on the forward half", which is correct. But later one, it states "This species can be difficult to identify. It never has a spotted belly and both cranial crests touch the parotoid glands." This last statement is true for Fowler's Toad (Bufo fowleri).

Cristian, Charlotte, NC - November 19, 2008 —Preceding unsigned comment added by Cristical (talk • contribs) 21:48, 19 November 2008 (UTC)

Lead Image
I found that image recently, thought I'd post it here to see if there is any consnsus to change the lead image from the current image to the new image. — raeky ( talk 06:13, 13 November 2009 (UTC)

File:Bufo americanus PJC1.jpg to appear as POTD soon
Hello! This is a note to let the editors of this article know that File:Bufo americanus PJC1.jpg will be appearing as picture of the day on December 18, 2011. You can view and edit the POTD blurb at Template:POTD/2011-12-18. If this article needs any attention or maintenance, it would be preferable if that could be done before its appearance on the Main Page so Wikipedia doesn't look bad. :) Thanks!  howcheng  {chat} 19:52, 16 December 2011 (UTC)

audio sound recording
Please add audio sound recording.-71.174.176.65 (talk) 03:15, 24 April 2016 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 4 one external links on American toad. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20090618041207/http://www.scf.rncan.gc.ca:80/subsite/glfc-amphibians/bufo-americanus to http://www.scf.rncan.gc.ca/subsite/glfc-amphibians/bufo-americanus
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20110720192637/http://www.naturewatch.ca/english/frogwatch/species_details.asp?species=0 to http://www.naturewatch.ca/english/frogwatch/species_details.asp?species=0
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20070208115102/http://www.npwrc.usgs.gov:80/resource/herps/amphibid/species/american.htm to http://www.npwrc.usgs.gov/resource/herps/amphibid/species/american.htm
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20041018131602/http://www.itis.usda.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=173473 to http://www.itis.usda.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=173473

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 * Lookin' good! – gwendy (talk) 01:25, 29 March 2017 (UTC)

Life history
There could be more about the early life history. Are eggs laid in the water? Does it have to be a pond or stream, or can it be a puddle? The toad I saw was a long way from the lake. Do tadpoles only live in the water? Thanks. SCFulton (talk) 22:58, 2 September 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:American toad


text:
Valdres Folkemuseum

The Valdres Folkemuseum is a folk museum located at Storøya outside Fagernes in Nord-Aurdal in Innlandet county, Norway.

Overview
Valdres Folk Museum was founded in 1901. It is located in the traditional rural district of Valdres. The museum is on a small ridge reaching out into Strandefjorden, with the larger buildings closest to the entrance and with smaller farm houses up on the slightly higher area reaching out into the lake. There are 95 houses and other constructions, comprising around 20,000 items, and the museum is the fourth largest Norwegian outdoor museum. All the items in the museum are original and have been collected from various farms and other locations in the area. Valdres Folk Museum hosts various cultural events including folk music festivals, seminars  and open air theatre. During 2010, a new reception building was opened and linked to the administration building. The museum runs several subsidiaries including Bagn Bygdesamling  and Bautahaugen Samlinger, both located in Sør-Aurdal.

Notable buildings
Brennbygningen (main house) comes from Brenna in the small village Åbjør in Nord-Aurdal. It was bought in 1945 and relocated the following year. It is assumed the building dates to around 1740. At the top floor there are beds built as closed constructions, so that their occupants would keep warm in the winter time.

Handeloftet (main house) is the first building at Valdres Folkemuseum, bought from Hande farm in Vestre Slidre 27 December 1905 for the amount of 1000 kroner. Originally it was reerected at Valdres Bygdesamling in 1906, and relocated to its current location in 1923. It is assumed to have been built in the period 1530–1640. The outside gallery surrounds the building on three sides. This building is named loft indicating a storage house, yet it is assumed it has always been a main house.

Hovistabburet (storage house) is from Hovi farm in Øystre Slidre, most likely built in the 13th century. The building was bought in 1944 and moved to its current location. At the top floor there is an unusual room named the virgin room. The door posts has ornaments from the medieval period. The building underwent restoration in 1960.

Rognebygningen (main house) from Rogne farm in Øystre Slidre, was probably built 1670–1680. In previous times the farm has been an officer's farm (kapteinsgard), then a bailiff's farm (lensmannsgard) and later an inn (skysstasjon). Captain Johan Reinert resided at the farm between 1670 and 1680, later captain Jacob de Caucheron resided there between 1712 and 1720. Valdres Folkemuseum bought the house in 1917 and relocated it to its current location in 1923. It is known that Michael Sars and Aasmund Olavsson Vinje resided in the building when they traveled to Eidsbugarden.

Collections

 * Old toys
 * Genealogy
 * Folk music, recordings and folk dance
 * Bunad — (traditional district costumes)

Note
Strandefjorden is an example of an inland fjord. Although fjord is normally used to describe a saltwater inlet, within eastern Norway a long, narrow fresh-water lake is also called a fjord.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Valdres Folkemuseum


text:
Shai (band)

Shai (pronounced "shy") is an American vocal R&B/soul quartet that rose to prominence in the 1990s. The group met and formed on the campus of Howard University and was influenced by the vocal stylings of other popular harmonizing bands of the day, including Boyz II Men, Jodeci, and Color Me Badd.

Their most successful hit was "If I Ever Fall in Love," which reached No 1. on the R&B chart and No. 2 on the Billboard Hot 100.

Early beginnings and formation
Shai (a Swahili word meaning "personification of destiny") was formed on the campus of Howard University. In 1990, Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc. brothers, Marc Gay, Carl Martin, and Darnell Van Rensalier invited fellow Howard University student Garfield Bright to join their a capella group after two other founding members departed. None of the members had professional singing experience and mostly performed in and around campus for fun, according to Gay.

The group came together seriously after winning a Howard University talent show. From there, they decided to pursue a record deal in New York City but did not receive any offers. Martin later gave Paco Lopez, a local deejay at WPGC radio in Washington, a demo cassette copy of "If I Ever Fall in Love," and he began promoting the single on the air. In September 1992, the group signed with Gasoline Alley/MCA Records and released their debut album later that year.

1992-1993: If I Ever Fall In Love and Right Back at Cha
Shai released "If I Ever Fall in Love" as the first single from the debut album of the same title, which peaked at No. 2 in the U.S. and sold over two million copies. The next two releases from the platinum album, "Comforter" and "Baby I'm Yours", each peaked at No. 10 in the U.S.

At the insistence of the group members, the video for "Baby I'm Yours" was shot on the Howard University campus. The female love interests, including future television host and model Ananda Lewis, and many of the extras were actual Howard students.

The group's next album release was Right Back at Cha, a remix album that largely consisted of new versions of their previous hits and a couple of new songs. A completely reworked version of their previous hit, "Baby I'm Yours," simply titled "Yours," was released as a single (US No. 63).

In 1993, the group won an NAACP Image Award (Outstanding New Artist), and they performed at Bill Clinton's inauguration along with Michael Jackson, Quincy Jones, Ray Charles, and Diana Ross, among others. Additionally, Shai appeared on The Arsenio Hall Show and The Tonight Show.

1994-2001
At the beginning of 1994, Shai made a guest appearance on the sitcom "Family Matters" in the episode, "Good Cop, Bad Cop", in a dream sequence.

The group released "The Place Where You Belong," from the Beverly Hills Cop III soundtrack. It was the group's final Top 40 single (No. 32 R&B). In late 1995, their follow-up album Blackface was released (No. 42 Pop & No. 15 R&B). It featured their final R&B Top 20 single "Come with Me" (US No. 43). The 1996 remix, "I Don't Wanna Be Alone" (featuring Jay-Z), peaked at No. 89 in the U.S. It was inspired by Belinda Carlisle's "Heaven Is a Place on Earth."

"Song For You" by Rick Braun, featuring Shai, peaked at No. 39 on the R&B chart in 2001.

Albums and EPs

 * ...If I Ever Fall in Love (1992) – US No. 6 & US R&B No. 3 (platinum)
 * Right Back at Cha (1993) – US No. 127 & US R&B No. 42
 * Blackface (1995) – US No. 42 & US R&B No. 15
 * Destiny (1999)
 * Back from the Mystery System: The Love Cycle (2004)
 * Love Cycle: Back from the Mystery System (2007)
 * Worldwide (as D-n-G of Shai) (2008)
 * Musically Yours (2018)

Compilations

 * 20th Century Masters – The Millennium Collection: The Best of Shai (2001)
 * If I Ever Fall in Love: The Best Of (3 re-recorded tracks from the original album) (2011)
 * If I Ever Fall in Love: Greatest Hits (same 3 tracks re-recorded with new members Dwayne Jones & George Spencer III) (2011)
 * In Concert (2018)

Filmography

 * Video Personification: Vol. 1 (1993)

Awards and nominations

 * NAACP Image Awards (1993), Outstanding new artist - winner
 * Soul Train Music Awards (1993), Best New R&B/Soul Artist - nominee

title: Shai (band)


text:
User:Bratsche/vfd2

WP:VFD debate
This article was formerly listed at Votes for deletion/. The ensuing debate resulted in a consensus to.

title: User:Bratsche/vfd2


text:
User:Harburg

Harburg

title: User:Harburg


text:
User talk:Konowl

Welcome from Redwolf24
Welcome!

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. We as a community are glad to have you and thank you for creating a user account! Here are a few good links for newcomers:
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Yes some of the links appear a bit boring at first, but they are VERY helpful if you ever take the time to read them.

Remember to place any articles you create into a category so we don't get orphans.

I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, please be sure to sign your name on Talk and vote pages using four tildes (~~~~) to produce your name and the current date, or three tildes (~~~) for just your name. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my Talk page. Again, welcome.

Redwolf24 (Talk) 02:27, 22 August 2005 (UTC)

P.S. I like messages :-P

title: User talk:Konowl


text:
User talk:Chemondelay

Welcome from Redwolf24
Welcome!

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. We as a community are glad to have you and thank you for creating a user account! Here are a few good links for newcomers:
 * The Five Pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
 * Editing, policy, conduct, and structure tutorial
 * Picture tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Naming conventions
 * Manual of Style
 * Merging, redirecting, and renaming pages
 * If you're ready for the complete list of Wikipedia documentation, there's also Topical index.

Yes some of the links appear a bit boring at first, but they are VERY helpful if you ever take the time to read them.

Remember to place any articles you create into a category so we don't get orphans.

I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, please be sure to sign your name on Talk and vote pages using four tildes (~~~~) to produce your name and the current date, or three tildes (~~~) for just your name. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my Talk page. Again, welcome.

Redwolf24 (Talk) 02:27, 22 August 2005 (UTC)

P.S. I like messages :-P

Edit summary
Hello. Please remember to always provide an edit summary. Thanks and happy editing. Steve block talk 13:27, 7 April 2006 (UTC)

Orphaned non-free media (Image:Whiteoutcover.jpg)
Thanks for uploading Image:Whiteoutcover.jpg. The media description page currently specifies that it is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, it is currently orphaned, meaning that it is not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the media was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that media for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable for use on Wikipedia (see our policy for non-free media).

If you have uploaded other unlicensed media, please check whether they're used in any articles or not. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that all non-free media not used in any articles will be deleted after seven days, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. BetacommandBot 08:27, 18 August 2007 (UTC)

Disputed fair use rationale for Image:BlackHolecover.gif
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title: User talk:Chemondelay


text:
User talk:Keramida

Welcome from Redwolf24
Welcome!

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. We as a community are glad to have you and thank you for creating a user account! Here are a few good links for newcomers:
 * The Five Pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
 * Editing, policy, conduct, and structure tutorial
 * Picture tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Naming conventions
 * Manual of Style
 * Merging, redirecting, and renaming pages
 * If you're ready for the complete list of Wikipedia documentation, there's also Topical index.

Yes some of the links appear a bit boring at first, but they are VERY helpful if you ever take the time to read them.

Remember to place any articles you create into a category so we don't get orphans.

I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, please be sure to sign your name on Talk and vote pages using four tildes (~~~~) to produce your name and the current date, or three tildes (~~~) for just your name. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my Talk page. Again, welcome.

Redwolf24 (Talk) 02:28, 22 August 2005 (UTC)

P.S. I like messages :-P

P.P.S. May I recommend you make a user page? Thanks, Redwolf24 02:40, 22 August 2005 (UTC)

P.P.P.S I just did! You're obviously too fast for me Keramida 02:46, 22 August 2005 (UTC)

"Leaving"
Yeah I was pissed when I typed up that goodbye note but then I realized... My friends outnumber my vandals :)

How are you doing with wiki? Learning everything important? I've been recently working on User:Redwolf24/Bootcamp. Redwolf24 23:38, 23 August 2005 (UTC)

 * I have only recently discovered the fun of using Special::SpecialPages entries. Most importantly, the Special:ShortPages.  My watch list expands by 5-10 pages per day and I spend a lot of time making minor corrections (like spacing, punctuation and other pedantic fixes I notice while roaming the Wikipedia for interesting pages that I can read to learn as much as possible and kill my spare time).

 * Is there an entry for Wikiaddict already :P — Keramida 23:49, 23 August 2005 (UTC)

 * PS. Yeah, I noticed the User:Redwolf24/Bootcamp addition. It's a fine tutorial for Wiki newcomers.  More advanced users will want to learn as much as possible about creating slightly more complex content (i.e. tables, templates, etc.), but the Bootcamp is well, a Bootcamp, and it can't possibly cover everything. — Keramida 23:54, 23 August 2005 (UTC)

FreeBSD vandalism
Hello Keramida, This was a typical vandalism like several hundreds every day on Wikipedia. The best way to fight vandalism is to have the article FreeBSD on your watchlist and to be careful. But I think there already are some users watching "FreeBSD", so a vandalism is recognized pretty quickly in most cases. If there should be a bigger vandalism attack (if someone constantly vandalizes an article), there also is the possibility to ask a sysop (administrator) to protect a certain article. --- Best regards, Melancholie 05:02, 12 September 2005 (UTC)

Παρακαλώ
Ευχαριστώ για τα καλά λογια που μου έιπες στο μύνημα που μου έστειλες. Κάνω κατά καιρούς και ορθογραφικά λάθη, αν δεις διόρθωνέ με. Καθ'ότι τα στιχεία που είχε για τις μάχες του Μαραθώνα, Θερμοπυλών και Πλαταιών ήταν λανθασμένα τα διόρθωσα. Όταν είδα ότι τα αναίρεσαν απλώς επανήλθα με αναφορές από τα βιβλία και περιδικά που διαθέτω. Μελλοντικώς θα διορθώσω τα περί των ΜηδικώνIkokki 21:11, 17 April 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:Keramida


text:
User talk:Adnanmukhtar

Welcome from Redwolf24
Welcome!

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. We as a community are glad to have you and thank you for creating a user account! Here are a few good links for newcomers:
 * The Five Pillars of Wikipedia
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 * Merging, redirecting, and renaming pages
 * If you're ready for the complete list of Wikipedia documentation, there's also Topical index.

Yes some of the links appear a bit boring at first, but they are VERY helpful if you ever take the time to read them.

Remember to place any articles you create into a category so we don't get orphans.

I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, please be sure to sign your name on Talk and vote pages using four tildes (~~~~) to produce your name and the current date, or three tildes (~~~) for just your name. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my Talk page. Again, welcome.

Redwolf24 (Talk) 02:28, 22 August 2005 (UTC)

P.S. I like messages :-P

Black seed
Your information is interesting, but Wikipedia does not need two articles on the same plant. The Black Seed article is redundant. The appropriate thing is to add information to the already existing Nigella sativa article, which would then be a better article. -- WormRunner | Talk 03:59, 22 August 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Adnanmukhtar


text:
Talk:Scouting in Indiana

unification
Would Wikipedians entertain the idea of having the Councils-by-state sections recategorized to "Scouting in Arizona", "Scouting in Washington", and so on, rather than a list of every council and district? The reason I would like this considered is

1) no other country's Scouting articles are divided into such minute details (except for The Scout Association of Hong Kong, and really, is that much minutiae important or interesting to the reader?)

2) many councils that a reader may choose to look up, like the Fitchburg Area Council of Massachusetts or the Vigilante Area Council of Montana, went extinct 30+ years ago, yet may be of interest in a more state-based article

3) many states like Alaska share a communal Scout history, only fairly recently being broken into smaller councils, others like North Dakota had several merged into one, and some Scouting histories are better told encompassing an entire state. The fact that Scouts in California prior to the charter of the BSA were the youth arm of the California Highway Patrol, or the fact that Connecticut, while having only eight counties, has had 22 councils over the course of its history, would be well-included in a statewide article Chris 01:07, 8 January 2006 (UTC)

Historical council information to be folded in
Historical council information to be folded in -Kintetsubuffalo (talk • contribs) 01:31, 18 September 2006

 * Indiana Albion 1917 1918
 * Indiana Anderson 1918 1919
 * Indiana Frankfort 1918 1920
 * Indiana 151 Clinton 1922 1924 ended 1924
 * Indiana 152 Connersville 1922 1924 ended 1924
 * Indiana Kokomo 1919 1924 ended 1924
 * Indiana 150 Bartholomew County Council 1921 1926 maybe tied to Hoosier Hills Area Council 1926
 * Indiana 153 Culver 1920 1928 ended 1928
 * Indiana 167 Wabash 1919 1928 ended 1928
 * Indiana 168 Whiting 1920 1935 Direct Service Direct Service 1935
 * Indiana 150 Hoosier Hills Area Council 1929 1973 merged into Hoosier Trails Council 145 1973
 * Indiana 145 White River Area Council 1927 1973 merged into Hoosier Trails 145 1973
 * Indiana 145 Hoosier Trails Council 1973
 * Indiana 154 East Chicago 1919 1921 merged into Indiana Harbor and East Chicago 154 1921
 * Indiana Harbor 1919 1921 merged into Indiana Harbor and East Chicago 154 1921
 * Indiana 154 Indiana Harbor and East Chicago 1921 1925 changed name to Twin City 154 1925
 * Indiana 159 Hammond 1918 1937 changed name to Pokagon 159 1937
 * Indiana 158 Gary 1918 1940 changed name to Sauk Trails 158 1940
 * Indiana 159 Pokagon 1937 1944 merged into Pokagon Trails 159 1944
 * Indiana 158 Sauk Trails 1940 1965 merged into Calumet 152 1965
 * Indiana 159 Pokagon Trails 1944 1965 merged into Calumet 152 1965
 * Indiana 154 Twin City 1925 1970 merged into Calumet 152 1970
 * Indiana 152 Calumet 1965 http://www.jorsm.com/calcouncil
 * Indiana 156 Vandenberg County Council 1914 1917 changed name to Evansville-Vandenberg County 156 1917
 * Indiana 156 Evansville-Vandenberg County Council 1917 1918 changed name to Evansville 156 1918
 * Indiana 145 Wabash Valley Council 1923 1924 changed name to George Rogers Clark 145 1924
 * Indiana 145 George Rogers Clark Council 1924 1926 merged into Evansville Council 156 1926
 * Indiana 156 Evansville Council 1918 1931 changed name to Southern Indiana Area 156 1931
 * Indiana 156 Southern Indiana Area Council 1931 1955 merged into Buffalo Trace 156 1955
 * Indiana 156 Buffalo Trace Council 1955
 * Indiana 157 Fort Wayne 1916 1924 changed name to Allen County 157 1924
 * Indiana 157 Allen County 1924 1925 changed name to Anthony Wayne Area 157 1925
 * Indiana 157 Anthony Wayne Area 1925 http://www.bsaawac.org
 * Indiana Shelbyville 1915 1922 Indianapolis 160 December 1929 1922
 * Indiana 149 Anderson 1923 1928 changed name to Hoosier 149 1928
 * Indiana 152 Boone County 1927 1929 Indianapolis 160 1929
 * Indiana 126 Lost River Area Council 1927 1931 merged into White River Area Council 145 1931
 * Indiana 149 Hoosier 1929 1931 changed name to Chief Anderson 149 1931
 * Indiana 151 Wayne County 1927 1931 changed name to Wayne Area 151 1931
 * Indiana 160 Indianapolis 1915 1934 changed name to Indianapolis and Central Indiana 160 1934
 * Indiana 149 Chief Anderson 1931 1935 changed name to Kikthawenund Area 149 1935
 * Indiana 151 Wayne Area 1931 1935 changed name to Whitewater Valley 151 1935
 * Indiana 160 Indianapolis and Central Indiana 1934 1942 changed name to Central Indiana 160 1942
 * Indiana 149 Kikthawenund Area 1935 1972 merged into Crossroads of America 160 1972
 * Indiana 151 Whitewater Valley 1935 1972 merged into Crossroads of America 160 1972
 * Indiana 160 Central Indiana 1942 1972 merged into Crossroads of America 160 1972
 * Indiana 679 Delaware County 1924 1972 merged into Crossroads of America 160 1972
 * Indiana 160 Crossroads of America 1972 http://www.crossroadsbsa.org
 * Indiana 163 Grant County 1918 1921 changed name to Marion City 163 1921
 * Indiana 161 La Fayette 1921 1925 changed name to La Fayette and West La Fayette 161 1925
 * Indiana 161 La Fayette and West La Fayette 1925 1926 changed name to Tippecanoe County 161 1926
 * Indiana 163 Marion City 1921 1929 changed name to Meshingomesia 163 1929
 * Indiana 161 Tippecanoe County 1926 1932 changed name to Tippecanoe Area 161 1932
 * Indiana 162 Logansport 1918 1936 changed name to Three Rivers 162 1936
 * Indiana 161 Tippecanoe Area 1932 1940 changed name to Harrison Trails 161 1940
 * Indiana 161 Harrison Trails 1940 1973 merged into Sagamore 162 1973
 * Indiana 162 Three Rivers 1936 1973 merged into Sagamore 162 1973
 * Indiana 163 Meshingomesia 1929 1973 merged into Sagamore 162 1973
 * Indiana 162 Sagamore 1973
 * Indiana 165 South Bend 1919 1923 changed name to Saint Joseph County 165 1923
 * Indiana 155 Elkhart 1920 1927 changed name to Elkhart Area 155 1927
 * Indiana 165 Saint Joseph County 1923 1930 changed name to Saint Joseph Valley 165 1930
 * Indiana 155 Elkhart Area 1927 1935 changed name to Pioneer Trails 155 1935
 * Indiana 164 Mishawaka Area 1922 1952 merged into Tri Valley 165 1952
 * Indiana 165 Saint Joseph Valley 1930 1952 merged into Tri Valley 165 1952
 * Indiana 155 Pioneer Trails 1935 1972 merged into Northern Indiana 165 1972
 * Indiana 165 Tri-Valley 1952 1972 merged into Northern Indiana 165 1972
 * Indiana 731 Pottawatomie 1926 1972 merged into Northern Indiana 165 1972
 * Indiana 165 Northern Indiana 1973 1991 merged into La Salle 165 1991
 * Indiana 270 Southwest Michigan 1973 1991 Sawasabee District merged into La Salle 165 1991
 * Indiana 165 La Salle 1991
 * Indiana 166 Terre Haute 1912 1924 Vigo County 166 1924
 * Indiana 166 Vigo County 1925 1929 Terre Haute 166 1929
 * Indiana 166 Terre Haute 1929 1931 Wabash Valley 166 1931
 * Indiana 166 Wabash Valley 1931

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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20140701022148/http://www.lasallecouncilbsa.org/Camps/Wood%20Lake%20Scout%20Reservation%20-%20Camp%20Tamarack to http://www.lasallecouncilbsa.org/Camps/Wood%20Lake%20Scout%20Reservation%20-%20Camp%20Tamarack
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20061015143935/http://www.statelib.lib.in.us/www/ihb/publications/girlscout.pdf to http://www.statelib.lib.in.us/www/ihb/publications/girlscout.pdf

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Splitting proposal
I propose that the section Crossroads of America Council be split into a separate page called Crossroads of America Council. The content of the current section is large enough to make its own page- especially if more content is added/expanded. Other BSA Councils have their own pages; see Middle Tennessee Council and Crossroads of the West Council for examples. Mrwoogi010✉ 14:32, 7 May 2021 (UTC)
 * ??Unless I'm missing something, the current content is one unsourced sentence.  Did you mean Hoosier Trails Council? North8000 (talk) 16:05, 7 May 2021 (UTC)
 * I went ahead and split it out. Look at South Florida Council if you want to see what a quality council artilce looks like. You need to expand on the history section, expand on the camps, and use a lot of citations. --evrik (talk) 16:08, 7 May 2021 (UTC)
 * Scratch my previous comment. Looks like I just looked at it in the middle of the transition. North8000 (talk) 17:21, 7 May 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Scouting in Indiana


text:
User talk:Belwar~enwiki

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title: User talk:Belwar~enwiki


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User talk:Isk s

Welcome from Redwolf24
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title: User talk:Isk s


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/TESF Acronyms

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete. - Mailer Diablo 05:30, 28 August 2005 (UTC)

TESF Acronyms
Delete Non-ecyclopedic --PhilipO 02:29, 22 August 2005 (UTC) PhilipO 02:29, 22 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete; nn, evil | Celcius 02:37, 22 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete; pointless. Some of these "acronyms" have their own articles (ie. "1337 speak"). Jaxl | talk 02:42, 22 August 2005 (UTC)
 * It's a list of in-jokes used on one particular discussion forum, and of general Internet slang. We already have coverage of the latter. Delete. Uncle G 03:54:06, 2005-08-22 (UTC)
 * Delete; nn — Linnwood 05:27, 22 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete per nominator. Thatdog 08:31, 22 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, forum vanity. - Mgm|(talk) 08:35, August 22, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, vanity -- Ec5618 09:23, August 22, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete -- Blanked by creator. Only thing remains is VfD tag. -- WCFrancis 15:30, 22 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Unclear what whole "TES" thing is (and article doesn't say or reference); probably vanity. Page has since been blanked by creator. Steve Summit (talk) 18:19, 22 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy? if creator has blanked. Vegaswikian 05:17, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Vanity. See also TESF Top50. Ben T/C 09:31, August 23, 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Talk:Iuno

WP:VFD debate
This article was formerly listed at Votes for deletion/. The ensuing debate resulted in a consensus to redirect to Juno. Bratsche talk 5 pillars 02:29, August 22, 2005 (UTC)

Yes, but first of all: Iuno is the original roman spelling for Juno, Second, the band Iuno has got nothing to do with Juno. So it seems more appropriate to leave them as seperate pages.

title: Talk:Iuno


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Notable Threads

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete. - Mailer Diablo 05:30, 28 August 2005 (UTC)

Notable Threads
Delete Non-ecyclopedic --PhilipO 02:29, 22 August 2005 (UTC) PhilipO 02:29, 22 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete NN --152.91.9.131 02:33, 22 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete; nn, evil | Celcius 02:36, 22 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete; pointless. Jaxl | talk 02:40, 22 August 2005 (UTC)
 * It's a list of external links to threads on a discussion forum. Wikipedia is not a resource for conducting business.  It is not a place for discussion forum users to host bookmark pages for threads in their discussion forum that they find interesting. (Note that TESForums currently styles itself The Official TES Forums Wiki and links to a whole raft of these articles. Wikipedia is not a hosting service.) Delete. Uncle G 03:56:25, 2005-08-22 (UTC)
 * Delete per Uncle G and add that Wikipedia is not a repository of links. -- DS1953 04:32, August 22, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete nn, page also blanked. — Linnwood 05:26, 22 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, nn forum vanity. - Mgm|(talk) 08:35, August 22, 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment Is there a 'Wikinetforum' or similar. If there isn't I hope there will be, so this and numerous recent articles, which have no place here, have a place to be, there is obviously a perceived need by the posters of these articles. Alf 10:09, 22 August 2005 (UTC)
 * We have a whole Wiki Science wikibook on how to set up and run one's own wiki, if that is what one wants to do. Uncle G 10:57:43, 2005-08-22 (UTC)
 * Thanks, I'll suggest that to the more competent looking posters of similar material, personally I have no interest whatsoever in them. Alf 21:10, 22 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Appears to be part of the whole "TES"/"TESF" schmear (though which isn't even referenced); presumably vanity. Page has since been blanked by creator. Steve Summit (talk) 18:58, 22 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Optichan 19:06, August 26, 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/TESF Members

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete. - Mailer Diablo 05:30, 28 August 2005 (UTC)

TESF Members
Delete Non-ecyclopedic --PhilipO 02:29, 22 August 2005 (UTC) PhilipO 02:29, 22 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete NN. --152.91.9.131 02:30, 22 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete; nn, evil | Celcius 02:35, 22 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete; pointless. Jaxl | talk 02:39, 22 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment: this, along with the two below and the main paige TESForums, appear to be a failed attempt at a WikiProject. Merged into one article (and NPOVed and edited to be Wiki-propriate) they might make a legitimate article about TES.  If it passes the notability test. - Che Nuevara, the Democratic Revolutionary 03:39, 22 August 2005 (UTC)
 * It's a list of members of a discussion forum. Wikipedia is not a resource for conducting business.  It is not a place for discussion forum users to create membership rosters for their discussion forum. Delete. Uncle G 04:06:21, 2005-08-22 (UTC)
 * Delete per nominator. Also, page has been blanked. — Linnwood 05:24, 22 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, forum vanity. - Mgm|(talk) 08:34, August 22, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Unclear what whole "TES"/"TESF" thing is; probably vanity. Page has since been blanked by creator. Steve Summit (talk) 19:02, 22 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy? if creator has blanked. Vegaswikian 05:18, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Joconde

Joconde is the central database created in 1975 and now available online, maintained by the French Ministry of Culture, for objects in the collections of the main French public and private museums listed as Musées de France, according to article L. 441-1 of the Code du patrimoine amounting to more than 1,200 institutions.

"La Joconde" is the French name of the Mona Lisa, which like about half of the collections of the Louvre, is included in the database, as one of 295 items by, after, or connected with Leonardo da Vinci; of these, only 42 works are by Leonardo da Vinci, including 6 paintings. By November 2012, Joconde contained over 475,000 object online and over 290,000 with images, from 366 collections in France, including 209,350 drawings, 63,547 paintings, 34,561 prints, 34,102 sculptures or 16,631 costumes and their accessories and is still expanding. By June 2022 it counted 636,405 objects.

The database is not only dedicated to the information of the public but as well to the needs of the administrators and curators of the museums, thanks to the online presentation of professional tools to facilitate notably the museums collections cataloguing and state inventory (récolement). This explains the great precision of the listings. Since the museums participate on a voluntary basis to the regular enrichment of the database, some can present a large part of their collection, while others appear only because of the mere permanent deposits made by the first ones.

Live on the French Minitel system from 1992, the database went online in 1995. Originally just for objects from the fine arts and decorative arts, in 2004 Joconde was united with what had been separate databases for objects from archeology and ethnology. It comes under the "Direction des Musées de France" (DMF) section of the Ministry.

A small number of the best known objects have a prose commentary. Not all images are in colour, especially for the archaeological collections. When an object created after the mid-20th century has no image this is most often for copyright reasons. On the original database, the listing of 49 search criteria is highly structured, using a special vocabulary, which allows for very specific and accurate searches, helped as well by the index.

Since July 9, 2019, Joconde is available on the Plateforme Ouverte du Patrimoine (POP), the general database of the ministry of culture, which gathers 8 databases and offers only 9 main advanced search criteria, but 3,976,845 objects, on 25 June 2022, including 253,677 drawings, 146,620 paintings or 226,777 sculptures. The former search page of Joconde is still available, but no more updated since 19 March 2019.

title: Joconde


text:
User talk:Coreano~enwiki

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title: User talk:Coreano~enwiki


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User talk:TAlkamil

Welcome from Redwolf24
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Orphaned fair use image (Image:Freelunchdesign.gif)
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title: User talk:TAlkamil


text:
Wikipedia talk:WikiProject World Wars/to do

 * Ask for advice on project coordination from experienced wikipedians

 * Ask possible participants


text:
User talk:Bjhtn

Welcome!

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title: User talk:Bjhtn


text:
Jiraiya (disambiguation)

Jiraiya is the title character of the Japanese folk tale Jiraiya Gōketsu Monogatari.

Jiraiya may also refer to:

 * Jiraiya (Naruto), character from the manga and anime series Naruto
 * Jiraiya (artist) (b. 1967), Japanese gay manga artist
 * Ikazuchi-Maru/Jiraiya, character in The Magic Serpent (1966)
 * Touha Yamaji/Jiraiya, character in Sekai Ninja Sen Jiraiya (1988)
 * Jiraiya/Ninja Black, character in Ninja Sentai Kakuranger (1994)

title: Jiraiya (disambiguation)


text: User talk:69.22.11.124

title: User talk:69.22.11.124


text:
Greek homosexuality

Greek homosexuality may refer to:
 * Homosexuality in ancient Greece
 * Greek Homosexuality (book)
 * Homosexuality in modern Greece (see Category:LGBT in Greece)

title: Greek homosexuality


text:
Las Vegas Wash

Las Vegas Wash is a 12-mile-long stream (an "arroyo" or "wash") which feeds most of the Las Vegas Valley's excess water into Lake Mead. The wash is sometimes called an urban river, and it exists in its present capacity because of an urban population. The wash also works in a systemic conjunction with the pre-existing wetlands that formed the oasis of the Las Vegas Valley. The wash is fed by urban runoff, shallow ground water, reclaimed water used on parks and golf courses, and stormwater.

The wetlands of the Las Vegas Valley act as the kidneys of the environment, cleaning the water that runs through it. The wetlands filter out harmful residues from fertilizers, oils, and other contaminants that can be found on the roadways and in the surrounding desert.

Near its terminus at Las Vegas Bay, the wash passes under the man made Lake Las Vegas through two 7-foot pipes.

History
Before development in the valley above the wash, it was able to contain the flows from rain water that fell in the valley and hills above. When the first sewage treatment plant went on line, the flows began increasing to the point that the channel expanded in size as the increased flows eroded the wash's stream-banks.

This erosion also deepened the channel draining one of the largest desert wetlands in the U.S. southwest as the water flowed down the channel rather than flooding the wetlands area. This has had several consequences among them, increased flows of silt into Lake Mead, fewer migratory birds, reduced water polishing from the native plants, and infestation of invasive plant species such as African Tamarisk (Tamarix africana) and Sahara Mustard (Brassica tournefortii).

Inflows
The major natural sources that feed the wash are:
 * Duck Creek
 * Las Vegas Creek
 * Flamingo Wash
 * Pittman Wash
 * Monson Channel
 * Sloan Channel
 * Meadows Detention Basin
 * Tule Springs Wash

title: Las Vegas Wash


text:
User talk:Abu Dujanah

Welcome from Redwolf24
Welcome!

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. We as a community are glad to have you and thank you for creating a user account! Here are a few good links for newcomers:
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Redwolf24 (Talk) 02:32, 22 August 2005 (UTC)

P.S. I like messages :-P

title: User talk:Abu Dujanah


text:
Talk:Fries, Virginia

Untitled
Google search for "Fries VA pronounced" shows ample evidence that the pronunciation is "freeze". The anon IP address range that has reverted this in the past has been a known source of vandalism to other articles. -- Curps 02:32, 22 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Having family in this town, it is definately pronounced "freeze".

 * As yet another local, I can verify it is pronounced "freeze". --Dan East 10:43, 14 August 2007 (UTC)

History of Fries
This small town was originally founded around a cotton mill, run by Washington Weaving. The town was named for Col. Fries. Washington Weaving went bankrupt approximately 1979. The successor to the mill was Regal Textiles. Regal gave up the site due to "foreign" competition in the 1980's. Around the early 1980's the railroad trestle crossing route 94 was dismantled. The cotton mill is being demolished and is nearly gone as of the summer of 2005. The town is currently the beginning of the New River Trail park, which is the route of the old train line into this little country town.

Originally, the homes and businesses of this town were owned by Washington Weaving. I remember as a small child hearing of the "company store", which was an outlet in the block of shops on Main Street. The town still has a YMCA, which still operates the swimming pool, and several small shops. Many of the residents have family ties to the area dating back several generations.

External links modified
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I have just modified 3 external links on Fries, Virginia. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20130911234518/http://factfinder2.census.gov to http://factfinder2.census.gov
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title: Talk:Fries, Virginia


text:
Talk:Newport East, Rhode Island

Why?
What is the point of this article? As a "census designated place," Newport East is a complete fiction; no one says that they live in Newport East, and searching for it on Google only comes up with the plethora of sites that just insert every single place-name from the census into their generic ads. ("Find a lawyer in beautiful Newport East!") Whatever its boundaries are (and what are they?), it's completely within the real city of Newport. Would anyone object to me redirecting Newport East over to Newport? —Cleared as filed. 02:34, August 22, 2005 (UTC)

 * @Cleared as filed, (I might be a bit late), but, in continuing with the other articles in Wikipedia, it would probably be better to have a separate article for Newport East, rather than merging it into Newport. In addition, if you use the geocoordinate data, you realise that the center of the CDP is actually in Middletown, rather than Newport. This indicates that there is a substantial amount of Newport East is actually outside of Newport. Devinthepeng (talk) 15:12, 22 June 2016 (UTC)

 * @Devinthepeng Haha, my comment was made almost 11 years ago and my change to a redirect was reverted 8 years ago. If things moved any slower, I'd be concerned that Newport East wasn't a real place that anyone actually cared about! Oh, wait. —Cleared as filed. 18:09, 24 June 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:Newport East, Rhode Island


text:
M. J. Gopalan

Morappakam Josyam Gopalan (6 June 1909 – 21 December 2003) was an Indian sportsman who represented India in cricket and hockey.

Gopalan hailed from the village of Morappakam in Chingleput district, some 50 kilometres from Chennai. His family moved to Triplicane in Chennai when he was young. Gopalan was discovered by C. P. Johnstone, one of the founding fathers of Madras cricket. As was his practice with promising players, Johnstone gave him a job in the Burmah Shell. Gopalan soon switched his allegiance to the Triplicane Cricket Club. He owed his fame in local circles mainly to his performances here.

He was a fast medium bowler who moved the ball both ways. When he was selected to make his first class debut in the Madras Presidency tournament, it was not a popular decision. The crowd barracked him when he did not take a wicket till lunch on the first day, but he went on to take five wickets in each innings. He also impressed against Arthur Gilligan's MCC team which was touring India at the time.

Another performance of some significance were the two matches in 1930 for Madras against the Vizianagram XI which included Jack Hobbs. In the first, Gopalan dismissed Hobbs in both innings; in the second he clean bowled the great man with a leg-cutter that pitched on the leg stump and took the off bail. Against Ceylon in 1933, he took a famous hattrick, the first in Chepauk. This came in his eighth over when he took wickets with his first, third, fourth and fifth balls, hitting the middle stump each time.

When Ranji Trophy was inaugurated in 1934, Madras and Mysore (now Tamil Nadu and Karnataka) played the first match. To Gopalan went the honour of delivering the first ball of the tournament. His only Test match was against England at Calcutta in early 1934.

Gopalan's hockey career was helped by Robert Summerhayes who was to hockey in Madras what Johnstone was to cricket. In 1935, he toured New Zealand with the Indian hockey team which enjoyed enormous success. The next year he was selected for the cricket team to tour England. It was known beforehand that Gopalan would have a small role to play in the England tour because of the presence of Mohammad Nissar and Amar Singh. He might have been picked in the hockey team for the Berlin Olympics but chose to skip the Olympic trials. This turned out to be a terrible decision. The hockey team captained by Dhyan Chand, one of the finest teams in the history of the sport, won the gold medal with little difficulty. As it turned out, Gopalan did not play a Test in England. The tour was marred by internal politics and the team returned in disgrace.

Gopalan's batting improved with time. Johnstone wrote later that it featured a "stance at the wicket with his left toe cocked up in the air. Since it was the stance adopted by England's most famous cricketer, W. G. Grace, he could hardly be faulted on this account. He was then about a No.10 batsman, but by steady application he showed what improvement a bowler who really tries can make in batting and later on played many fine innings". The most celebrated of these 'many fine innings' was a 64 against the West Indians in 1949 which featured some thrilling driving.

In 1952, a silver jubilee fund was started to celebrate Gopalan's 25 years in cricket and hockey. An annual cricket match was instituted between Madras and Ceylon (later Tamil Nadu and Sri Lanka) for the M. J. Gopalan Trophy. This yearly tournament continued with a few interruptions till Sri Lanka got Test status in the early 1980s. It was revived in 2000 as a match between Tamil Nadu and a Colombo District Cricket Association. This also lapsed after two years. He served as a national selector for a few years in the 1950s.

Gopalan was the oldest living Test cricketer at the time of his death. According to him, he was born in 1906 but the year of his birth was recorded wrongly in the school records.

One of the entrances to the M. A. Chidambaram Stadium is named after Gopalan.

title: M. J. Gopalan


text:
User:Zeimusu/Sandpit

 * June 16, 1973 16:42

 * 16 June, 1973

title: User:Zeimusu/Sandpit


text:
Tomás Frías Province

Tomás Frías is a province in the northern parts of the Bolivian Potosí Department. Its capital is Potosí which is also the capital of the department. The province is named after the former president Tomás Frías Ametller.

Location
Tomás Frías province is one of sixteen provinces in the Potosí Department. It is located between 19° 00' und 19° 50' South and between 65° 32' und 66° 24' West.

It borders Chayanta Province in the north, Oruro Department in the northwest, Antonio Quijarro Province in the southwest, José María Linares Province in the south, and Cornelio Saavedra Province in the east.

The province extends over 115 km from east to west and from north to south.

Geography
The Potosí mountain range traverses the province. Some of the highest mountains of the province are listed below:

• Achakana

• Achakanani

• Chawpi Urqu (Potosí)

• Chawpi Urqu (Yocalla)

• Chuqi Kanlliyuq

• Jach'a Q'awa

• Jalsuri

• Janq'u Janq'u

• Jatun Ch'utu

• Jatun Pampa

• Jatun Qaqa

• Jatun Q'asa (Umallani)

• Jatun Q'asa (Yocalla)

• Kuntur Maña

• Kuntur Nasa (Tinguipaya)

• Kuntur Nasa (Yocalla)

• Kuntur Qaqa

• Kunturiri (Tinguipaya)

• Kunturiri (Yocalla)

• Lik'ichiri

• Malmisa

• Pari Chata

• Pä Qullu Punta

• Puka Qucha Punta

• Puka Urqu

• P'ukru

• Qiwiña Punta

• Qura Waña

• Q'illu Kancha

• Salla Punta

• Sayasta

• Turini

• T'inki

• T'ula P'ujru

• Wak'ani

• Wankarani

• Warmi Wañuna

• Waylla Tira

• Waylla Qullu

• Waylla Q'asa

• Waylla Unu

• Wayllita Punta

• Wayna Potosí

• Wayra Wasi

• Wayra Wasi (Potosí-Yocalla)

• Wichhu Qullu

• Wila Salla

• Wila Salla (Oruro-Potosí)

• Wila Sirka

• Yana Qaqa

• Yuraq Q'asa

• Yuraq Urqu

Division
The province comprises four municipalities which are further subdivided into cantons.

Population
The main language of the province is Spanish, spoken by 84.5%, while 75.5% of the population speak Quechua. The population increased from 167,111 inhabitants (1992 census) to 176,922 (2001 census), an increase of 20%. Capital of the province is Potosí (132,966 inhabitants).

28% of the population have no access to electricity, 50.5% have no sanitary facilities.

21% of the population are employed in agriculture, 8% in mining, 10% in industry, 61% in general services. 92% of the population are Catholics, 5% Protestants.

The people are predominantly indigenous citizens of Quechua and Aymara descent.

title: Tomás Frías Province


text:
Alonso de Ibáñez Province

Alonso de Ibáñez is a province in the northern parts of the Bolivian Potosí Department. Its capital is Sacaca (1,862 inhabitants in 2001).

Location
Alonso de Ibáñez province is one of sixteen provinces in the Potosí Department. It is located between 17 56' und 18 20' South and between 66 10' und 66 48' West. It borders Cochabamba Department in the north, Oruro Department in the southwest, Rafael Bustillo Province in the south, Charcas Province in the southeast, and Bernardino Bilbao Province in the northeast. The province extends over 75 km from east to west and 60 km from north to south.

Division
The province comprises two municipalities which are further subdivided into cantons.

Population
The main language of the province is Quechua, spoken by 88%, while 62% of the population speak Aymara and 49% speak Spanish. The population increased from 23,512 inhabitants (1992 census) to 27,755 (2001 census), an increase of 18%.

96% of the population have no access to electricity, 95% have no sanitary facilities. 78.5% of the population are employed in agriculture, 0.3% in mining, 8.7% in industry, 12.5% in general services. 95.5% of the population are Catholics, 3.5% Protestants.

The people are predominantly indigenous citizens of Quechua and Aymara descent.

title: Alonso de Ibáñez Province


text:
Antonio Quijarro Province

Antonio Quijarro is a province in the central parts of the Bolivian Potosí Department situated at the Salar de Uyuni. Its seat is Uyuni.

Location
Antonio Quijarro province is one of sixteen provinces in the Potosí Department. It is located between 19° 21' and 20° 59' South and between 65° 46' and 67° 15' West.

It borders Oruro Department in the north, Nor Lípez Province in the west, Sud Chichas Province in the southeast, Nor Chichas Province and José María Linares Province in the east, and Tomás Frías Province in the northeast.

The province extends over 180 km from east to west and 225 km from north to south.

Geography
The province lies at the Uyuni salt flat.

Some of the highest mountains of the province are listed below:

• Apa Purqu

• Chuqi Warani

• Ch'iyar Jaqhi

• Iru Punta

• Jach'a Punta

• Jalsuri

• Janq'u Qullu

• Jarmiri

• Jatun Mundo Quri Warani

• Kiwuri

• Kuntur Chukuña

• Kuntur Ikiña

• Kuntur Tuqlla

• Kuntur Umaña

• Lluqu Lluqu

• Maman Chata

• Miyuyuq

• Muru Qullu

• Paya Qullu

• Paquni

• Pirwani

• Pukara

• Pukara Punta

• Pukarani

• Phujuni

• Qiwiña Q'asa

• Qullqi Chaka Punta

• Qusqu

• Quyqu

• Siku

• Silla Q'asa

• Sirk'i

• Suchusqa

• Sura Chata

• Sura Sura

• T'uru Muqu

• Uta Qullu

• Uwina

• Uyuni

• Wanay

• Waña Quta

• Warachi Qullu

• Wayna Quta

• Wila Nasa

• Wila Qullu

• Wisk'achani

• Yuraq Qaqa

• Yuraq Q'asa

Division
The province comprises three municipalities which are partly further subdivided into cantons.

Population
The main language of the province is Spanish, spoken by 87%, while 74% of the population speak Quechua. The population increased from 37,384 inhabitants (1992 census) to 37,428 (2001 census), an increase of only 0.1%. Capital of the province is Uyuni (10,191 inhabitants).

53% of the population have no access to electricity, 85% have no sanitary facilities. 50% of the population are employed in agriculture, 8% in mining, 5% in industry, 37% in general services. 86% of the population are Catholics, 11% Protestants.

The people are predominantly indigenous citizens of Quechua and Aymara descent.

title: Antonio Quijarro Province


text:
Bernardino Bilbao Province

Bernardino Bilbao (or: General Bernardino Bilbao Rioja) is a province in the Northern parts of the Bolivian department of Potosí. It has its name after Bernardino Bilbao Rioja, Bolivian general and politician.

Location
Bernardino Bilbao province is one of sixteen provinces in the Potosí Department. It is located between 17° 49' und 18° 10' South and between 65° 53' und 66° 16' West. It borders Cochabamba Department in the North, Alonso de Ibáñez Province in the Southwest, and Charcas Province in the South.

The province extends over 55 km from east to west and 60 km from north to south.

Population
The main idiom of the province is Quechua, spoken by 99% of the population, while 40% also speak Spanish. The population increased from 10,045 inhabitants (1992 census) to 10,623 (2001 census), an increase of 5.8%. The capital of the province is Arampampa (1,703 inhabitants).

99% of the population have no access to electricity, while 94% have no sanitary facilities. 62% of the population are employed in agriculture, 0.5% in mining, 17.5% in industry, and 20% in general services. 92% of the population are Catholics, and 5% are Protestants.

Division
The province comprises two municipalities which are further subdivided into cantons.

title: Bernardino Bilbao Province


text:
Charcas Province

Charcas is a province in the northern parts of the Bolivian Potosí Department. Its capital is San Pedro de Buena Vista (955 inhabitants in 2001).

Location
Charcas province is one of sixteen provinces in the Potosí Department. It is located between 17° 57' und 18° 36' South and between 65° 21' und 66° 19' West. It borders Bernardino Bilbao Province in the north, Alonso de Ibáñez Province in the northwest, Rafael Bustillo Province in the southwest, Chayanta Province in the south, and Cochabamba Department in the east.

The province extends over 125 km from East to West and 100 km from north to south.

Division
The province comprises two municipalities which are further subdivided into cantons.

Population
The main language of the province is Quechua, spoken by 98%, while 34% of the population speak Spanish. The population increased from 31,233 inhabitants (1992 census) to 38,174 (2001 census), an increase of 22.3%. Capital of the province is San Pedro (955 inhabitants).

10% of the population have no access to electricity, 10% have no sanitary facilities. 72.0% of the population are employed in agriculture, 0.5% in mining, 12.2% in industry, 15.3% in general services. 99% of the population are Catholics.

The people are predominantly indigenous citizens of Quechua descent and descendants of the Spanish.

title: Charcas Province


text:
Chayanta Municipality

Chayanta Municipality is the second municipal section of the Rafael Bustillo Province in the Bolivian Potosí Department. It was created on October 8, 1908, during the presidency of Ismael Montes and is now one of four (until June 2009: three) municipalities of the province. Its seat is Chayanta.

Location
Chayanta Municipality is situated in the north of the Potosí Department. To the north and north east it is bordered by the Alonso de Ibáñez Province, to the east by the Charcas Province and the Chayanta Province, to the south and south west by the Uncía Municipality and to the west and north west by the Llallagua Municipality.

Cantons
The municipality is divided into nine cantons:
 * Amayapampa Canton, created December 27, 1899
 * Amaya Canton, created December 1, 1865
 * Chayanta Canton, created December 1, 1865
 * Ch'iwta Qala Qala Canton (Chiuta Cala Cala), created January 24, 1969
 * Quwataka Canton (Coataca), created December 6, 1962
 * Irupata Canton, created December 21, 1988
 * Nueva Qulcha Canton (Nueva Colcha / Qollcha), created November 9, 1992
 * Phana Kachi Canton, created December 1, 1865
 * Río Verde Quila Quila Canton, created January 15, 1963

Geography
Chayanta Municipality lies in a mainly mountainous region with heights between 2,960 m and 4,364 m the highest mountain being Lawqi Q'asa in Paya Pampa. Some of the highest elevations are Llachusaya (4,294 m), Lichusaya (4,254), Apillpiña (4,236 m), Qutani (4,126 m), Suritinisa (4,100 m), Apachita (4,023 m), Jirapampa (4,005 m), Chisi Raya (3,970 m), Marka Qullu (3,943 m) and Uyu Jisk'a Qala (3.885 m).

The lowest elevations are in the river basins of Chayanta River and Ch'iwta River (2,960 m) at their confluence.

Population
The 2001 census stated a population of 14,165 inhabitants in the Chayanta Municipality. Some of the most populated places are:
 * in Amayapampa Canton: Amayapampa (837)
 * in Aymaya Canton: Amaya (513)
 * in Chayanta Canton: Chayanta (2,072 inhabitants), Entre Ríos (468), Llallawita (202)
 * in Quwataka Canton: Quwataka (574), Qaluqsa (Calojsa) (126)
 * in Irupata Canton: Irupata (298), Chayanta Qala Qala (289), Pata Pata (176), Wink'i (162)
 * in Nueva Qullcha Canton: Pichata (414)
 * in Phana Kachi Canton: Q'upana (571), Phana Kachi (449), Qayu Qayu (183), Ch'akiri (Chaqueri) (169)

Life expectancy of a newborn is 51 years, literacy among the over-15-year old is 63%, and 85% of the population is rural.

The people are predominantly indigenous citizens of Quechua descent.

title: Chayanta Municipality


text:
Cornelio Saavedra Province

Cornelio Saavedra is a province in the north-eastern parts of the Bolivian Potosí Department. The capital of the province is Betanzos with 4,168 inhabitants in the year 2001.

The province is named after the president of the Argentine First Junta, Cornelio Saavedra, who was born in Otuyo, 	Betanzos Municipality.

Location
Cornelio Saavedra province is one of sixteen provinces in the Potosí Department. It is located between 18° 57' and 19° 44' South and between 64° 48' and 65° 39' West. It borders Chuquisaca Department in the northeast, Chayanta Province in the north, Tomás Frías Province in the west, and José María Linares Province in the south and southeast. The province extends over 95 km from east to west and 105 km from north to south.

Division
The province comprises three separate municipalities which are further subdivided into cantons.

Population
The main language of the province is Quechua, spoken by 78%, while 47% of the population speaks Spanish. The population increased from 52,659 inhabitants (1992 census) to 58,706 (2001 census), an increase of 11.5%.

80% of the population have no access to electricity, 94% have no sanitary facilities. 69% of the population are employed in agriculture, 1% in mining, 10% in industry, 20% in general services. 89% of the population are Catholics, 8% Protestants.

The people are predominantly indigenous citizens of Quechua descent.

Geography
The river Pillku Mayu flows along the northern border of the province.

title: Cornelio Saavedra Province


text:
Daniel Campos Province

Daniel Campos is a province in the north-western parts of the Bolivian Potosí Department. It is named after the poet Daniel Campos who originated from this area. The capital of the province is Llica.

Location
Daniel Campos province is one of sixteen provinces in the Potosí Department. It is located between 19° 25' and 20° 50' South and between 66° 49' and 68° 47' West. It borders Oruro Department in the north, the Republic of Chile in the west, Nor Lípez Province in the south, and Antonio Quijarro Province in the east.

The province extends over 240 km from east to west and 180 km from north to south.

Geography
The province is situated in the salt flats of the southern Altiplano, more than 65% of the province being covered by Salar de Uyuni. Salar de Uyuni is situated at an average level of 3,657 m amsl, the highest point of the province is Tutuni (Alto Totoni) (5,740 m) in the Cordillera Sillaguay on the Chilean border. The climate is that of an arid high mountain region, with yearly precipitation of below 200 mm, even less than 100 mm in the extreme west. Average daily temperatures are 0 to 5 °C all over the year.

Some of the highest mountains of the province are listed below:

Division
The province comprises two municipalities which are partly further subdivided into cantons.

Population
The main language of the province is Spanish, spoken by 80%, while 59% of the population speak Aymara. The population increased from 4,630 inhabitants (1992 census) to 5,067 (2001 census), an increase of 9.4%.

87% of the population have no access to electricity, 91% have no sanitary facilities. 73% of the population are employed in agriculture, 3% in mining, 2% in industry, 22% in general services. 87% of the population are Catholics, 8% Protestants.

The people are predominantly indigenous citizens of Aymara descent.

Places of interest

 * Salar de Uyuni with the rocky outcrops of Inkawasi and Isla del Pescado which are situated within the province

title: Daniel Campos Province


text:
Enrique Baldivieso Province

Enrique Baldivieso (or: Enrique Valdivieso) is a province in the Bolivian department of Potosí. It is named after the former vice president Enrique Baldivieso. Its seat is San Agustín with a population of 533 during the census of 2001 situated on the bank of the Turuncha River in San Agustín Canton.

Location
Enrique Baldivieso province is one of sixteen provinces in the Potosí Department. It is located between 21° 03' and 21° 51' South and between 67° 07' and 67° 48' West. In the east, north, west and south it is almost completely encircled by the Nor Lípez Province, only in the southeast it is bordered by the Sur Lípez Province for 20 km.

The province extends over 120 km from northwest to southeast at an average width of 35 km.

Division
The province comprises only one municipality, San Agustín Municipality. It is identical to Enrique Baldivieso Province. The province is subdivided into four cantons:
 * Alota - 533 inhabitants (2001)
 * Cerro Gordo - 292 inhabitants
 * San Agustín - 567 inhabitants
 * Todos Santos - 248 inhabitants

Population
The main language is Quechua, spoken by 96%, while 86% of the population speak Spanish. The population rose from 1,313 inhabitants (1992 census) to 1,640 (2001 census), an increase of 25%. 46.5% of the population are younger than 15 years old.

99.7% of the population have no access to electricity, 99% have no sanitary facilities. 72% of the population are employed in agriculture, 28% in general services. 95% of the population are Catholic, 2% Protestant.

Places of interest

 * Valle de las Rocas (Rock Valley)
 * Turuncha River and Lake Turuncha in San Agustín Canton

title: Enrique Baldivieso Province


text:
José María Linares Province

José María Linares is a province in the eastern parts of the Bolivian department of Potosí. Its capital is Puna.

Location
José María Linares province is one of sixteen provinces in the Potosí Department. It is located between 19° 30' and 20° 16' South and between 64° 43' and 65° 53' West. It borders Cornelio Saavedra Province in the north, Tomás Frías Province in the northwest, Antonio Quijarro Province in the west, Nor Chichas Province in the south, and Chuquisaca Department in the east. The province extends over 120 km from east to west and 85 km from north to south.

Geography
The Potosí mountain range traverses the province. One of the highest peaks of the province is Khunurana at 5071 m. Other mountains are listed below:

• Ch'aki Qucha

• Jatun Kunturiri

• Jatun Urqu

• Kimray Unu

• Kuntur Tuqlla

• Kura Puñusqa

• K'illi Mayu Punta

• Muru Wasi

• Puyachi

• Qanchis Kancha

• Q'illu Qaqa Punta

• Kunturiri

• Yana Mayu

• Yana Urqu

• Yuraq Kancha

• Yuraq Qaqa

Division
The province comprises three municipalities which are further subdivided into cantons.

Until August 15, 2006, when Ckochas Municipality was created, its three cantons, Turuchipa, Duraznos and Esquiri, belonged to the Puna Municipality.

Population
The main language of the province is Quechua, spoken by 80%, while 44% of the population speak Spanish. The population dropped from 52,535 inhabitants (1992 census) to 50,899 (2001 census), a decrease of 2.1%.

90% of the population have no access to electricity, 89% have no sanitary facilities. 69% of the population are employed in agriculture, 0.5% in mining, 11% in industry, 20% in general services. 88% of the population are Catholics, 10% Protestants.

The people are predominantly indigenous citizens of Quechua descent.

title: José María Linares Province


text:
Modesto Omiste Province

Modesto Omiste is a province in the south of the Bolivian Potosí Department. Its capital is Villazón. The province is named after the Bolivian writer and politician Modesto Omiste Tinajeros.

Location
Modesto Omiste province is one of sixteen provinces in the Potosí Department. It is located between 21° 39' and 22° 06' South and between 65° 10' and 66° 08' West. In the north it borders Sud Chichas Province, in the east Tarija Department, in the south and south-west the Republic of Argentina. The province extends over 120 km from east to west and 65 km from north to south.

Division
The province comprises only one municipality (municipio), Villazón Municipality which is identical to the province. It was named after the Bolivian president Eliodoro Villazón

The province is further subdivided into cantons (cantones):
 * Berque
 * Casira
 * Chagua
 * Chipihuayco
 * Mojo
 * Moraya
 * Sagnasti
 * Salitre
 * San Pedro de Sococha
 * Sarcari
 * Sococha
 * Villazón
 * Yuruma

Population
The main language of the province is Spanish, spoken by 97%, while 44% of the population speak Quechua. The population rose from 31,737 (1992 census) to 36,266 (2001 census), an increase of 14.3%.

44% of the population have no access to electricity, 54% have no sanitary facilities. 18% of the population are employed in agriculture, 11% in industry, 71% in general services. 84% of the population are Catholics, 11% Protestants.

Most of the people are not indigenous, 43,3% are citizens of Quechua descent.

title: Modesto Omiste Province


text:
Nor Chichas Province

Nor Chichas is a province in the Eastern parts of the Bolivian Potosí Department. Its seat is Cotagaita.

Location
Nor Chichas province is one of sixteen provinces in the Potosí Department. It is located between 20° 01' and 21° 08' South and between 65° 13' and 66° 17' West. It borders José María Linares Province in the north, Antonio Quijarro Province in the west, Sud Chichas Province in the south, and Chuquisaca Department in the east. The province extends over 120 km from east to west and 140 km from north to south.

Geography
Some of the highest mountains of the province are listed below:

• Achakanayuq

• Apachita Punta

• Ch'aki Qucha

• Ch'api Qullu

• Ch'utu Urqu

• Iskay Rumi

• Iskay Wasi

• Jatun Ch'utu

• Jatun Punta

• Jatun Qaqa

• Jatun Q'asa

• Jatun Rumi

• Jatun Wasi

• Murmuntani

• Muyu Urqu

• Ñaqchayuq

• Ñuñu Urqu

• Palta Urqu

• Puka Muqu

• Puka Punta

• Puka Wayq'u Punta

• Quchayuq

• Qullpani

• Q'asa K'uchu

• Rumi Kancha

• Tarkuni Punta

• Taypi Qhawarina

• T'ika Pallana

• T'ika Wasi

• Waka Wañusqa

• Wanu Wanu

• Wanu Wanuyuq

• Wayra Wasi

• Wisk'achani

• Yana Muqu

• Yana Qaqa

• Yana Unu

• Yana Wintu

• Yaritayuq

• Yaritayuq Punta

• Yuraq Punta

• Yuraq P'ukru

Division
The province comprises two municipalities which are further subdivided into cantons.

Population
The main language of the province is Quechua, spoken by 99.5%, while 69% of the population speak Spanish. The population dropped from 38,250 inhabitants (1992 census) to 35,323 (2001 census), a decrease of 17%.

92% of the population have no access to electricity, 87% have no sanitary facilities. 73% of the population are employed in agriculture, 4.5% in mining, 4% in industry, 18.5% in general services. 79% of the population are Catholics, 17% Protestants. 55% of the population are female.

The people are predominantly indigenous citizens of Quechua descent.

title: Nor Chichas Province


text:
Nor Lípez Province

Nor Lípez is a province in the Bolivian department of Potosí. Its seat is Colcha "K", also called Villa Martín. The majority of the area of the province was titled as the Nor Lípez Native Community Land on 19 April 2011. One of the largest mines of Bolivia, the San Cristóbal Mine, is located near San Cristóbal in Colcha "K" municipality.

Geography
Some of the highest mountains of the province are listed below:

• Allqa Urqu

• Chakra Urqu

• Chiwana

• Chullunkhäni

• Chumpi Urqu

• Ch'aska Urqu

• Iru Phutunqu

• Kachi Unu

• Kuntur Umu

• K'uchu Unu

• Luxsar

• Millu Urqu

• Muru

• Paruma

• Patilla

• Puka Wasi

• Qaral

• Suni K'ira

• Tankani

• Tijtin

• Ullawi

• Ullqa

• Wanaku

• Yanantillayuq

• Yarita

Location
The province is one of sixteen provinces in the Potosí Department. It is located between 20° 27' and 22° 01' South and between 66° 18' and 68° 35' West.

It is bordered by the Daniel Campos Province to the north, the Republic of Chile to the west, the Enrique Baldivieso Province and Sur Lípez Province to the south, Sud Chichas Province to the east, and the Antonio Quijarro Province to the northeast.

The province extends over 270 km from east to west and 210 km from north to south.

Division
The province comprises two municipalities which are further subdivided into cantons.

Population
The population increased from 8,320 (1992 census) to 10,460 inhabitants (2001 census), an increase of 25,7%.

About 96% of the population have no access to electricity, 93% have no sanitary facilities. 61% of the population are employed in agriculture, 9% in mining, 2% in industry, 28% in general services. 90% of the population are Catholics, 6% are Protestants.

The people are predominantly indigenous citizens of Quechuan descent.

Languages
The languages spoken in the province are mainly Spanish and Quechua.

Ref.: obd.descentralizacion.gov.bo

Places of interest

 * Cañapa Lake
 * Chiguana Lake
 * Laguna Hedionda
 * Kara Lake
 * Pastos Grandes Lake
 * Sarapuru volcano
 * Sonequera
 * Tapaquilcha

title: Nor Lípez Province


text:
Talk:Subhumans (Canadian band)

Untitled
Hey - Dunno who added this paragraph:

After his arrest, the Subhumans re-formed with Ron Allan on bass. After Dimwit left the band. Randy Bowman joined in his place. During the line up of Wimpy, Mike Graham, Ron Allan, and Randy Bowman, the Subhumans recorded the album 'No Wishes, No Prayers' for Black Flag's SST Records. Ron Allan and Randy Bowman later went on to form the premier Vancouver band The Scramblers.

It's a good addition, but I have two questions:

1) My understanding is that Gerry quit awhile before getting arrested (like in 81?), this paragraph (as well as the ones it replaced) implies that he was a band member up to his arrest, incorrect, no?

2) My understanding - Dimwit replaced by Jim Imagawa replaced by Randy Bowman - or am i missing something?

Not correcting, b/c I don't KNOW - but I think so.

Ken Vermin (www.four-stroke.ca)

Arrest Details
I'm virtually certain that Gerry was never charged with the Litton bombing (he wasn't involved in it). IIRC, his charges in connection with the Vancouver Five were conspiracy to commit the Brinks car robbery, weapons charges and some of the Red Hot Video firebombings. Pete.Hurd 04:45, 15 September 2005 (UTC)

He certainly supported bombings, read Warren Kinsella's Fury's Hour for more details.

pretty bad looking
hey! this page needs updates...like pictures maybe? more links? the info is top grade but it's a little hard on the eyes, i'll search around for pics, post them on this page and then move them to the band page in a few days.--5/22/06 $$Insert formula here$$

Fair use rationale for Image:Subhumans-Incorrect-Thoughts.jpg
Image:Subhumans-Incorrect-Thoughts.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

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BetacommandBot (talk) 06:43, 24 January 2008 (UTC)

 * Rationale added to Image:Subhumans-Incorrect-Thoughts.jpg page. Pete.Hurd (talk) 06:51, 24 January 2008 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Subhumans1.jpg
Image:Subhumans1.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images lacking such an explanation can be deleted one week after being tagged, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot (talk) 06:43, 24 January 2008 (UTC)

 * Rationale added to Image:Subhumans-Incorrect-Thoughts.jpg page. Pete.Hurd (talk) 06:54, 24 January 2008 (UTC)

Injured police officers
According to the book "Direct Action: Memoirs of an Urban Guerrilla" (p. 268) by Ann Hansen three police officers were hurt. --78.52.166.159 (talk) —Preceding undated comment added 09:53, 29 May 2009 (UTC).

title: Talk:Subhumans (Canadian band)


text:
Rafael Bustillo Province

Rafael Bustillo is a province in the Bolivian Potosí Department. Its name honors the Bolivian diplomat and foreign secretary Rafael Bustillo († 1886). The capital of the province is Uncía with a population of 5,709 in the year 2001, the largest town is Llallagua with 20,065 inhabitants.

Location
Rafael Bustillo province is one of sixteen provinces in the Potosí Department. It is located between 18° 11' and 18° 45' South and between 66° 11' and 66° 45' West. It borders Oruro Department in the northwest, west and south, Chayanta Province in the southeast, Charcas Province in the east, and Alonso de Ibáñez Province in the northeast. The province extends over 70 km from north to south as well as from east to west.

Division
The province comprises four municipalities which are further subdivided into cantons.

Chuquihuta Municipality was created by law on June 17, 2009. Until then it was one of the cantons of the Uncía Municipality.

Population
The main language of the province is Quechua, spoken by 86%, while 74% of the population speak Spanish. The population increased from 76,254 inhabitants (1992 census) to 77,566 (2001 census), an increase of 1.7%.

46% of the population have no access to electricity, 78% have no sanitary facilities. 41% of the population are employed in agriculture, 11% in mining, 11% in industry, 37% in general services. 90.5% of the population are Catholics, 6.7% Protestants.

The people are predominantly indigenous citizens of Quechua and Aymara descent.

title: Rafael Bustillo Province


text:
Sud Chichas Province

Sud Chichas (or: Sur Chichas) is a province in the Bolivian department of Potosí. Its seat is Tupiza.

Location
Sud Chichas province is one of sixteen provinces in the Potosí Department. It is located between 20° 51' and 21° 50' South and between 65° 15' and 66° 30' West. It borders Nor Chichas Province in the north, Antonio Quijarro Province in the north-west, Nor Lípez Province and Sur Lípez Province in the west, the Republic of Argentina and Modesto Omiste Province in the south, Tarija Department in the south-east, and Chuquisaca Department in the east.

The province extends over 130 km from east to west and from north to south.

Division
The province comprises two municipalities which are further subdivided into cantons.

Population
The main language of the province is Spanish, spoken by 96%, while 59% of the population speak Quechua. The population dropped from 52,308 inhabitants (1992 census) to 47,873 (2001 census), a decrease of 8.5%.

45% of the population have no access to electricity, 74% have no sanitary facilities. 34% of the population are employed in agriculture, 11% in mining, 6% in industry, 49% in general services. 88% of the population are Catholics, 8% Protestants.

The people are predominantly indigenous citizens of Quechua descent.

title: Sud Chichas Province


text:
Sur Lípez Province

Sur Lípez or Sud Lípez is a province in the Potosí Department in Bolivia. The seat of the province is San Pablo de Lípez.

Location
Sur Lípez is one of sixteen provinces in the Potosí Department. Also, the southwesternmost point of Bolivia is located here, at 22° 49' 41.016" South, 67° 52' 35.004" West, at an elevation of approximately 5,400 m on the northeastern slope of the Licancabur volcano.

It is bordered by the Nor Lípez Province in the north and northwest, Enrique Baldivieso Province in the west, the Republic of Chile in the southwest and south, the Republic of Argentina in the southeast and east, and Sud Chichas Province in the northeast.

The province extends from the northeast to the southwest, at a length of 230 km and an average width of 100 km.

Geography
In its southwestern part, the Quetena Grande Canton lies in the Eduardo Avaroa Andean Fauna National Reserve, the province has a couple of lakes and salt pans, the largest being Laguna Colorada, which is 10 km in diameter at an elevation of 4,278 m. Other lakes, such as Laguna Verde, Laguna Blanca and Laguna Celeste are also well known for their respectively green, white and blue colors. There is a geyser field called "Sol de Mañana" in southwestern Sur Lípez.

The Cordillera de Lípez traverses the province. The highest mountain of the province is Uturunku at 6008 m. Other mountains are listed below:

• Apachita

• Ch'aska Urqu

• Ch'iqlla

• Ch'iqu

• Jarellón

• Juriques

• Kuntur Wasi

• Linzor

• Lípez

• Luru Mayu

• Michina

• Muruq'u

• Nelly

• Nina Urqu

• P'aqu Urqu

• Quli Urqu

• Qhawana

• Q'illu Salli

• Q'illu Urqu

• Sanawrya

• Sapaliri

• Suni K'ira

• Suri Phuyu

• T'iyuyuq

• Waqrayuq

• Waylla Jarita

• Yana Urqu

• Yuraq Urqu

The tourist circuit La Ruta de las Joyas Altoandinas passes through the spectacular geography of this area.

Division
The province comprises three municipalities are further subdivided into cantons.

Population
The population increased from 4,158 (1992 census) to 4,905 inhabitants (2001 census), an increase of 18%.

99.4% of the population have no access to electricity, and 90% have no sanitary facilities. 69% of the population is employed in agriculture, 4% in mining, 4% in industry, and 23% in general services. 86% of the population are Catholics, 9% are Protestants.

The people are predominantly indigenous citizens of Quechua descent.

Languages
The languages spoken in the province are mainly Spanish and Quechua.

title: Sur Lípez Province