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Bedford, Western Australia

Bedford is a suburb 6 km north-east of the central business district (CBD) of Perth, the capital of Western Australia. Named after Frederick Bedford, the Governor of Western Australia from 1903 to 1909, the suburb is within the City of Bayswater local government area. It is predominantly a low density residential suburb consisting of single-family detached homes, with clusters of commercial buildings along Beaufort Street, Grand Promenade and Walter Road.

Before European settlement, the area was inhabited by the Mooro group of the Whadjuk Noongar people. The first major developments for the suburb occurred in the 1920s, when the extension of Beaufort Street and its associated tram service into the area triggered housing construction. Bedford Park was gazetted as a townsite in 1937, and major growth occurred following World War II, due to developments by the State Housing Commission. Today, Bedford is fully suburbanised.

Major roads that travel through or along the edge of the suburb are Beaufort Street, Coode Street, Grand Promenade and Walter Road. Major parks include Beaufort Park, RA Cook Reserve and Grand Promenade Reserve, which are used for various sports including Australian rules football, cricket and soccer.

Aboriginal history and culture
Before European settlement, the area was inhabited by the Mooro group of the Whadjuk Noongar people. The Mooro group were led by Yellagonga, and inhabited the area north of the Swan River, as far east as Ellen Brook and north to Moore River. The Swan River provided fresh water and food, as well as being a place for trade.

European colonisation

When Europeans founded the Swan River Colony in 1829, they did not recognise the indigenous ownership of the land. Land along the Swan River was surveyed by John Septimus Roe, the colony's Surveyor General. The survey resulted in the land being divided into long, narrow rectangular strips extending from the river. As the river was the only method of transportation in the early years of the colony, each piece of land had to have river frontage. The long, narrow strips were called "ribbon grants", however the term "grant" was misleading, as the grantees had a requirement that they make improvements to the land granted to them within 10 years, or be forced to forfeit the land. In 1830, the colonists travelled up the river to the land allotted to them. The colonists were disappointed to discover that most of the area inland was unsuitable for European agriculture, being sand dunes interspersed with swampland. Most of these colonists either died or left the area soon after, and none of them settled in the present day Bedford, far away from the Swan River.

20th century development
In the 1920s, Beaufort Street was extended through to Salisbury Street, and then Coode Street. The Beaufort Street tram was extended as far as Salisbury Street. Gold Estates of Australia Pty Ltd, a gold prospecting company that had turned to real estate, bought the land near Beaufort Street that was part of Location W, and subdivided it for residential purposes. This generated the first major development in Bedford Park, which was at the time just an extension of Inglewood into the Bayswater Road District. Some of the houses developed in the 1920s still remain along Rosebery Street and Salisbury Street.

On 18 June 1937, the townsite of Bedford Park was gazetted, named after Frederick Bedford, the Governor of Western Australia between 1903 and 1909. It consisted of 130 acres of land centred on the intersection of Beaufort Street and Grand Promenade. The Beaufort Street tram terminated at Salisbury Street, on the edge of the townsite. During World War II, the tram was extended to Grand Promenade, as one of the final extensions to Perth's tramway system.

Following World War II, there was a severe shortage of housing in Perth. The State Housing Commission bought large areas of land in Bedford. The first public housing estate built in Bedford was between Walter Road and Craven Street. The West Australian commended the housing commission in successfully creating houses that were varied in design:

"...(The State Housing Commission has) despite mass development, skilfully avoided any appearance of monotony in design. All the homes are on wide fronted, deep blocks and all are basically the same inside in that they have the same number of rooms and the same facilities. There all similarity ceases. By switching the entrances from one side of the house to the other, or by placing them in the middle, by running gables at different angles and by general architectural modifications, complete dissimilarity has been achieved."

By 1948, the population in the northern side of Bedford Park was large enough for shops to be needed. The State Housing Commission was initially unsure of whether its job was to provide shops or whether it was appropriate. It was decided that the housing commission did need to build shops, and so the shops along Grand Promenade are the first in Perth to be built using taxpayer money. By May 1952, the shops were completed, and occupied by a bootmaker, butcher, chemist, delicatessen, grocer and draper.

The rapid expansion put strain on the Bayswater Road Board's budget. In 1946, the board told the housing commission that they were unable to build more roads than what was paid in rates, and in 1949, the road board refused to build any more roads in Bedford without additional funding from the government. An agreement was created that the State Housing Commission would pay half the cost of the roads for the area, but even still, that put great strain on the road board's budget.

The expanding population of Bedford Park and its neighbouring suburb of Bayswater necessitated a new primary school in the late 1940s. North Inglewood Primary School was at capacity. The Department of Education foresaw a large protest if a new school was not open by 1950. The site atop a hill on Coode Street, just over the border in Bayswater, was selected in March 1949. The plans called for a school with six to eight classrooms, however works were delayed due to the site's steep nature. Due to the urgency of needing a school open by 1950, three classrooms were transported from East Fremantle to the site. The school opened in 1950 to 120 pupils and criticism of its basic facilities. The school expanded its buildings over the course of the decade, and in 1958, the school's population was approximately 700. The expanding population also caused the Catholic Church to establish St Peter's Primary School on Wood Street, next to its church.

Starting in 1948, Perth's tramways began to gradually shut down, due to the increasing use of private cars crowding roads and reducing patronage. The Beaufort Street tramway was the last to be closed, on 19 July 1958. It was replaced by trolleybuses, which followed the same route but had some extensions and spurs. The line was extended along Beaufort Street to Lawrence Street, opening on 21 July 1958. A spur was opened in August 1959, travelling along Grand Promenade to Woodrow Avenue in Dianella.

In 1961, Bedford Park was renamed Bedford. This change happened alongside the renaming of Morley Park to Morley. On 20 December 1968, the trolleybuses to Bedford were closed. By the early 1970s, major development of Bedford was complete, the last road being Gummery Street in the suburb's north.

Harvey family mass murder
In September 2018, 24 year-old Anthony Robert Harvey was arrested for the murder of his family of five in a house on Coode Street. Harvey was charged with murdering his three daughters, all under the age of four, his wife, and his mother-in-law. Harvey murdered his children and wife on 3 September 2018. The next morning, he murdered his mother-in-law. Police found that no firearms were used; instead "blunt objects" and knives were used. Harvey's case came before Justice Stephen Hall in the Supreme Court of Western Australia, where he became the first Western Australian in history to be sentenced to life in prison with no option for release. ABC News reported this event to be the "third mass murder" for a domestic household of 2018, claiming that Bedford and metropolitan Perth were in a "domestic violence crisis". The house was demolished in May 2021.

Geography

Bedford is located 6 km north-east of the central business district (CBD) of Perth, the capital of Western Australia, 13 km east of the Indian Ocean, and covers an area of 2.33 km2. It is surrounded by Morley to the north-east, Dianella to the north-west, Inglewood to the south-west, Bayswater to the south-east, and Embleton to the east. Its southern corner touches Maylands. Its border follows the centre of Walter Road, the lots on the north-eastern side of Coode Street, the lots on the south-eastern side of York Street and the lots on the south-western side of Salisbury Street.

Bedford is zoned as "urban" in the Metropolitan Region Scheme, and consists predominantly of single-family detached homes, with clusters of commercial buildings along Beaufort Street, Grand Promenade and Walter Road. The streets in the suburb follow a grid pattern, a remnant of the old ribbon grants.

Bedford lies on the Bassendean Dunes, which formed 800,000 to 125,000 years ago during the middle Pleistocene. The dunes form low-lying hills made of heavily leached white to grey sands, which are poor at retaining nutrients. Groundwater is generally about 10 m below the surface. The Bassendean Dunes are a part of the greater Swan Coastal Plain.

Demographics
Bedford's population at the 2016 Australian census was 5,438. This is an increase on the 4,944 recorded at the 2011 census, 4,575 recorded at the 2006 census, and 4,240 recorded at the 2001 census. 48.8% of residents are male and 51.2% are female. The median age is 37 years, just above the Western Australian average of 36. Out of the suburb's 2,224 dwellings, 2,016 were occupied and 208 were unoccupied. Out of the occupied dwellings, 1,749 were detached houses, 257 were semi-detached and 10 were apartments or flats. 564 were owned outright, 791 were owned with a mortgage, 593 were rented and 67 were other or not stated. Bedford's tenure statistics closely aligns with the state averages.

The median weekly household income was $1,779, which is higher than the state and the country, which are at $1,595 and $1,438 respectively. Major industries that residents worked in were hospitals (4.8%), cafes and restaurants (4.0%), state government administration (3.0%), primary education (2.7%) and engineering design and engineering consulting services (2.1%).

The population of Bedford is predominantly Australian born, with 61.2% of residents born in Australia, which is around the state average of 60.3%. The next-most-common birthplaces are England (4.6%), New Zealand (2.4%), India (2.2%), Vietnam (2.2%) and Italy (2.0%). 33.1% of residents had both parents born in Australia, and 44.3% of residents had neither parent born in Australia. The most popular religious affiliations were none (31.3%), Catholic (31.0%), Anglican (9.4%) and Buddhism (2.9%).

Parks and amenities

Commercial buildings in Bedford are limited to small businesses along the major roads. The nearest supermarket is Inglewood Coles, just to the west of Bedford, and the nearest shopping centres are the Galleria Shopping Centre in Morley and Dianella Plaza.

Beaufort Park is a park on the corner of Drummond and Beaufort Streets, which has a large grassed oval, a playground and a hall open for hire. During the summer, the oval is used for cricket, and has an artificial cricket pitch. In winter, there are two soccer pitches. Grand Promenade Reserve is a park used for various sports. The oval is used for soccer and cricket, using an artificial pitch. The park also has cricket nets, courts for basketball and netball, and a playground. Next to it is a lawn bowls club and a community hall leased to the Filipino Australian Multicultural Association. RA Cook Reserve is a sports reserve on Coode Street, used for cricket, Australian rules football, hurling, and softball. It has a turf pitch and two artificial cricket pitches, as well as cricket nets, and two Australian rules football ovals in winter. It is used by various sports clubs, and has a community hall for hire. Other minor parks are spread throughout the suburb, including Alan Lehmann Reserve, Birkett Street Reserve, Browns Lake Reserve, Gummery Reserve and Remembrance Park. The portion of Bedford used as public open space is less than the 10% recommended by the state government's liveable neighbourhoods policy.

Education

St Peter's Primary School is a Catholic primary school located on Wood Street. It has approximately 700 students in three streams from Kindergarten to Year 6. The school first opened in 1941, occupying a single house. The school moved down the street to its current site in 1942. Expansions occurred in the 1950s, and in 1957, a secondary school for girls named St Thomas Aquinas College opened on the same site. The two schools would undergo significant improvements and renovations over the decades that followed.

Meanwhile, St Mark’s College, a secondary school for boys, was established on Beaufort Street in Bedford. In 1989, St Thomas Aquinas College and St Mark's College merged to form Chisholm Catholic College. St Thomas Aquinas became the campus for lower school students, and St Mark's became the campus for senior school students. In 2003, the school was consolidated on the Beaufort Street site, and the Wood Street site became solely for St Peter's Primary School. Today, Chisholm Catholic College has 1,700 students from Year 7 to 12.

There are no public primary schools in Bedford, but parts of the suburb are in the intake areas of Hillcrest Primary School, Inglewood Primary School and Morley Primary School. There are also no public secondary schools in Bedford, but the suburb is in the intake area for John Forrest Secondary College.

Local
Bedford is in the City of Bayswater local government area. It lies fully within the City's west ward. Councillors for the west ward are Lorna Clarke, Giorgia Johnson and Dan Bull.

State
Bedford is within the electoral district of Maylands, which is a strong seat for the centre-left Labor Party, who have held it since 1968. Mayland's current member is Lisa Baker. In the Western Australian Legislative Council, this district is part of the East Metropolitan electoral region.

The results below combine the results of the polling places in Bedford.

Federal
Bedford is within the Division of Perth in the Australian Federal Government. It is a safe seat for the Australian Labor Party, and has been held by a Labor member since 1983. Its current member is Patrick Gorman.

The results below are the results for the Bedford polling place, at Beaufort Park Hall.

Transport
Cars are the most popular mode of transport in Bedford. The 2016 Australian census said that 61.0% of residents travelled to work in a car. However, bus usage is significantly above the state average. 10.0% of Bedford residents said they take the bus to work compared to 3.9% of Western Australians.

Road

Major roads that go through or along the edge of Bedford are Beaufort Street, Coode Street, Grand Promenade and Walter Road. All these roads aside from Coode Street have two lanes in each direction and a speed limit of 60 km/h. Beaufort Street is the suburb's main link to the Perth central business district. It also links to Morley and areas further east. Coode Street links to the Bayswater town centre and Guildford Road. Walter Road links to the surrounding suburbs. Grand Promenade links to Dianella Plaza and Morley Drive in the north-west, and Garratt Road in the south-east. Garratt Road leads to Guildford Road and across the Swan River at the Garratt Road Bridge.

Public transport

Along Beaufort Street, Bedford is served by Transperth routes 66 and 950, both of which travel between Morley bus station and the Perth central business district. The 950 continues through Elizabeth Quay bus station to connect to the University of Western Australia and the Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, whereas route 66 terminates at Perth Busport and is a limited stops route. Routes 998 and 999, also known as the CircleRoute, travel along Coode Street and Walter Road, deviating off to Morley bus station. These routes link to Bayswater station in the south and Dianella shopping centre in the north. Route 60 travels along Walter Road, linking to Morley bus station and Elizabeth Quay bus station. Route 67 travels along Grand Promenade towards Mirrabooka bus station and along Beaufort Street to Perth Busport. Route 68 takes a similar path, but deviates along Craven Street and various other minor roads in Bedford. It winds its way through other suburbs towards Mirrabooka bus station. Route 980 runs along Walter Road between Morley bus station and Elizabeth Quay bus station.

title: Bedford, Western Australia


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Embleton, Western Australia

Embleton is a suburb of Perth, the capital city of Western Australia, located 7 km north-east of the central business district, between the suburbs of Morley and Bayswater. Its local government area is the City of Bayswater.

Before European colonisation
Prior to European settlement, the area was inhabited by the Mooro group of the Whadjuk people of the Noongar nation. The Mooro group were led by Yellagonga, and inhabited the area north of the Swan River, as far east as Ellen Brook and north to Moore River. The Swan River provided fresh water and food, as well as being a place for trade.

European colonisation

When Europeans founded the Swan River Colony in 1829, they did not recognise the indigenous ownership of the land. Land along the Swan River was surveyed by John Septimus Roe, the colony's Surveyor General. The survey resulted in the land being divided into long, narrow rectangular strips extending from the river. As the river was the only method of transportation in the early years of the colony, each piece of land had to have river frontage. The long, narrow strips were called "ribbon grants", however the term "grant" was misleading, as the grantees had a requirement that they make improvements to the land granted to them within 10 years, or be forced to forfeit the land. In 1830, the colonists travelled up the river to the land allotted to them. The colonists were disappointed to discover that most the area inland was unsuitable for European agriculture, being sand dunes interspersed with swampland. Most of these colonists either died or left the area soon after, and none of them settled in the present day Embleton, far away from the Swan River.

One example of these early colonists is the family of John and Anne Whatley, their children Joan and Mary, and their servants, the Embleton family, who lived at Location T. They arrived in Fremantle in October 1829, and settled on the land in February 1830, but left soon after in September 1830 when John Whatley drowned. The servants, the Embleton family, stayed in the Swan River Colony, and their legacy lives on today as the name of the suburb Embleton.

20th century development
In the early 1970s, a site on Broun Avenue was chosen for an aquatic centre to be built and run by the Shire of Bayswater. Construction on the $500,000 project began in February 1972. The facility is now known as Bayswater Waves.

In the early 1980s, Tonkin Highway was under construction through the suburb. The highway meant that Beechboro Road was split into Beechboro Road South and Beechboro Road North, a bridge over Tonkin Highway being built for Broun Avenue instead of Beechboro Road, with Beechboro Road South ending up on the west of Tonkin Highway and Beechboro Road North on its east. Tonkin Highway opened to traffic in 1984.

Geography

Embleton is located approximately 7 km north-east of the central business district of Perth, the capital of Western Australia, 15 km east of the Indian Ocean, and covers an area of 1.71 km2. It is surrounded by Bayswater to the south and east, Bedford to the west and Morley to the north. Its border roughly follows, heading anti-clockwise, Broun Avenue, Coode Street, Beaufort Street, Drake Street, Rothbury Road. Maurice Street, Langley Road and Beechboro Road.

Embleton is predominantly zoned as "urban" in the Metropolitan Region Scheme, however the area between Embleton Avenue and Tonkin Highway is zoned as "industrial".

Embleton lies on the Bassendean Dunes, which formed 800,000 to 125,000 years ago during the middle Pleistocene. The dunes form low-lying hills made of heavily leached white to grey sands, which are poor at retaining nutrients. Groundwater is generally about 10 m below the surface. The Bassendean Dunes are a part of the greater Swan Coastal Plain.

Demographics
Embleton's population at the 2016 census was 3,167. This is an increase on the 2,737 recorded at the 2011 census, 2,434 recorded at the 2006 census, and 2,404 recorded at the 2001 census. 49.6% of residents are male and 50.4% are female. The median age is 37 years, just above the Western Australian average of 36. Out of the suburb's 1,309 dwellings, 1,140 were occupied and 169 were unoccupied. Out of the occupied dwellings, 996 were detached houses, 129 were semi-detached, 3 were apartments or flats and 3 were another type. 288 were owned outright, 436 were owned with a mortgage, 379 were rented and 35 were another type or not stated.

The median weekly household income was $1,542, which is close to the median weekly household income of Western Australia, which is $1,595. Major industries that residents worked in were cafes and restaurants (3.5%), hospitals (3.5%), state government administration (2.4%), other social assistance services (2.0%) and primary education (2.0%).

The population of Embleton is predominantly Australian born, with 53.2% of residents born in Australia. The next-most-common birthplaces are England (5.6%), Vietnam (3.6%), Philippines (3.0%), China (2.9%) and New Zealand (2.5%). 28.4% of residents had both parent born in Australia, and 51.0% had neither parents born in Australia.

Parks and amenities

Located in Embleton is Bayswater Waves, the City of Bayswater's aquatic centre. It has several indoor and outdoor pools, including Western Australia's only wave pool. It also has a crèche, health club, and hydrotherapy area. Next to Bayswater Waves is Broun Park. Embleton Golf Course is a 9-hole golf course owned by the City of Bayswater and operated by Golf Oracle. Wotton Reserve is on the corner of Embleton Avenue and Broun Avenue. It has several soccer pitches and a skate park.

Other minor parks are spread throughout the suburb, including Feredy Reserve, McKenzie Reserve and Ockley Square Reserve. The portion of Embleton used as public open space is less than the 10% recommended by the state government's liveable neighbourhoods policy.

Education

The sole school located in Embleton is Embleton Primary School, a public primary school for students from Kindergarten to Year 6. Hillcrest Primary School and John Forrest Secondary College are located adjacent to the suburb's western boundary.

Local
Embleton is in the City of Bayswater local government area. It is almost entirely within its central ward, but there is a small portion in its west ward. Councillors for the central ward are Barry McKenna, Sally Palmer and Steven Ostaszewskyj. Councillors for the west ward are Lorna Clarke, Giorgia Johnson and Dan Bull, who is also the mayor.

State
Embleton west of Tonkin Highway is within the Electoral district of Maylands, and east of Tonkin Highway is within the Electoral district of Bassendean for the Western Australian Legislative Assembly. Both of these districts are strong seats for the centre-left Labor Party. Labor has held Maylands since 1968 and Bassendean since it was created in 1996. Maylands' current member is Lisa Baker, and Bassendean's current member is Dave Kelly. In the Western Australian Legislative Council, both these districts are part of the East Metropolitan electoral region.

Federal
Bayswater is within the Division of Perth in the Australian Federal Government. It is a safe seat for the Australian Labor Party, and has been held by a Labor member since 1983. Its current member is Patrick Gorman.

Transport
At the 2016 census, 70.0% of residents traveled to work in a car, whether it be as a passenger or a driver, and 7.2% took public transport.

Road
Major roads that pass through Embleton include Beechboro Road, Broun Avenue, Collier Road, Embleton Avenue and Tonkin Highway. Tonkin Highway can be accessed by an interchange with Collier Road in Bayswater. Broun Avenue bridges over Tonkin Highway but does not have any connecting ramps.

Public transport
Embleton is served by Transperth routes 48, 66, 341, 342, 345, 950 and 955. When the under-construction Morley–Ellenbrook railway line

Bus

 * 40 Morley Bus Station to Elizabeth Quay Bus Station – serves Broadway, Irwin Road, Collier Road, Power Street and Langley Road
 * 46 Bayswater Bus Depot to Bayswater Station – serves Embleton Avenue and Beechboro Road
 * 342 Morley Bus Station to Beechboro – serves Broun Avenue
 * 345 Morley Bus Station to Bennett Springs – serves Broun Avenue
 * 950 Morley Bus Station to Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre (high frequency) – serves Broun Avenue
 * 955 Morley Bus Station to Ellenbrook North – serves Broun Avenue and Collier Road

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Embleton, Western Australia


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title: User talk:83.131.131.255


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Noranda, Western Australia

Noranda is a suburb of Perth, Western Australia, located in the City of Bayswater.

The suburb was named in 1977 after Noranda Park, a town in the U.S. state of Florida. The portion north of Widgee Road was transferred to the City of Bayswater from the City of Swan on 1 July 2016. The suburb is a middle- to upper-middle class area with some affluent pockets. The population consists largely of families of white collar workers.

Facilities

Noranda is serviced by bus routes (Routes 344, 346, 347 and 371) that run to Morley Bus Station, and two routes (371 and 344) that run to Warwick railway station. The main shopping centre in the suburb is Hawaiian's Noranda (formerly Noranda Palms Shopping Centre, and Noranda Square Shopping Centre). The suburb has a number of junior sporting clubs including the Noranda Hawks Football Club, Noranda Junior Cricket Club, Noranda City Football Club and serves as a district in the WA Netball Association. The netball association provides a number of clubs and this in turn supports a large number of young children from neighbouring suburbs.

Lightning Swamp Bushland and Lightning Park Recreation Centre are both in Noranda.

Education
The suburb contains one high school – Morley Senior High School – and two state primary schools – Noranda Primary School and Camboon Primary School. Private schools located near the suburb include Chisholm Catholic College, John Septimus Roe Anglican Community School and St Andrew's Grammar School.

title: Noranda, Western Australia


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Gokak

Gokak is a taluka headquarters in the Belagavi district of Karnataka state, India. It is located around 70 km from Belagavi at the confluence of two rivers, the Ghataprabha and the Markandeya. The population of the city is according to 2011 census is 79,121. Gokak city has second highest GDP in the district of Belagavi after Belagavi city. The common language is Kannada.

Gokak is surrounded on one side by a range of hills, and on the other side by a vast plain of black soil. The river Ghataprabha flows from the north side of the city and cascades down through a cleft of 167 ft, to form Gokak Falls before flowing through the city. Since the colonial era, the a hydroelectric station under the waterfall has been used to power Gokak Mills, one of the largest manufacturers and exporters of yarn in India. The river Markandeya, a tributary of the Ghataprabha, dashes down through 43 ft step wise hill plates to form Godachinamalaki Falls.

History
Gokak is a place of philosophical and historical significance. According to Hindu Purans, Gokak was a part of Kuntala Country; it was the land of hunting tribes. During historical period many emperors had ruled the Gokak areas: Shatavahanas ruled it during 327 BC to 229 CE, the Western Chalukyas ruled it during 550 CE to610 CE, then it was also ruled by Rashtrakutas and Kalyana Chalukyas; the subordinate-kings of Rashtrakutas called Rattas too ruled Gokak Province during 850 CE to1250 CE under Rashtrakutas as well Kalyana Chalukyas, during their reign, temples and Basadies were built at Konnur, Gokak-Falls, Gokak and Mamadapur. Devagiri Yadavas captured this areas after defeating Rattas but the Sultanas of Delhi took this areas under their control by defeating Yadavas. Then, it was controlled by many emperors namely Kampili Raya, Vijayanagara, Bidar's Bahamani kings, Bijapur Sultans, Mughals (Aurangazeb), Hyderali, Tippu Sultan (Savanoor Nawaab), Maratha Ghorpade and Peshwas; in 1818 CE British captured Gokak by defeating Peshwas. Gokak city became Municipality in 1853 CE, it is second oldest Municipality in Karnataka State. The monuments build during Hindu, Jain and Muslim rules are still found at Gokak and its surroundings. There was a dispute and a battle as well in between Rani Abbakka and Gokak Kotwals who ruled the city in the 16th century. A fort which is in ruins can still be seen at the western side of the city. The Mallikarjun temple, also known affectionately as the "Malikjaan dargha", stands atop a hill, also called the Mallikarjun hill. The tomb of the [(Raja)] of Kittur Mallasarja is at the nearby Duradundeshwar temple in Arabhavi Math. During the British rule in India, the Forbes Gokak Spinning Mill (now owned by Gokak Textiles Limited of the Shapoorji Pallonji Group) was set up in 1887 in Gokak Falls which is located about 6 km north-west of Gokak. It was modernised over decades and is functional till date being a major source of economy for the city. A hydroelectric power plant was also set up in Gokak Falls in 1887, is one of the oldest projects of a kind in the region. The first Hydroelectricity was generated here in Gokak Falls in whole Asia continent.

Gokak taluka contributed to the Prime Minister's Relief Fund which was meant for humanitarian assistance for the Indian Ocean tsunami victims. Child Development Project Officer Mr P N Patil who addressed a press conference had disclosed that it was decided to donate a day's salary of government officials towards the relief fund. The employees of Forbes-Gokak textile industry also contributed about INR ₹ 7 lakh (₹ 700,000). Gokak is also known for its old Hindu Temples. The most famous once are Mahalingeshwara temple, Savalagi Shivalinga Matha, Kadasiddeshwar Matha Konnur-Maradimath, Yogikolla temple and Duradundeshwara temple in Arabhavi. Mahalingeshwara temple is well-known and is located on the Ghataprabha Riverside near Gokak water-falls. The temple is a large and sprawling structure built in the later Chalukyan style of architecture. The temple has a garbhagriha, (sanctum), an ardhamantapa and a spacious but open mukhamantapa (frontal courtyard). The sanctum with its tall Shikara adorned with exquisite sculptures is a sight to behold. It faces north, an unusual orientation for Shiva temples. On the sides of the Ghataprabha River there are several temples apart from Mahalingeshwara temple that date back to the period of the later Chalukyas of Kalyana who ruled portions of the Deccan from the 10th to the 12th centuries.

The city is growing rapidly in terms of industries, business, as well as the fields of education, arts, literature and folk-art. It is associated with famous Kannada writers and thinkers such as Shri Krishna Murty Puranik, Anand Kanda, Prof K. Sharanappa, Dr. S. B. Totad, Dr. Arjun Y. Pangannavar https://www.educreation.in/author/arjunypangannavar/Basavaraj Kattimani, Prof. Kundanagar Rngler, D.C. Pawate and Raghavendra Patil. Many popular folk-artists such as Padmashri Dr.Chandrashekar Kambar, Ningayya Swami Pujari, Ishwarappa Minachi, Yallappa Pujeri, Dr. Hatapaki and Ishwarachandra Betageri are also associated with the town. Gokak has a world famous waterfall known as Gokak Falls.Dr. Arjun Y. Pangannavar has authored 35+ books on economics and literature,his latest contribution is"Shrimad Valmiki Ramayan Mahakaavya-Darshanm: Literature- Epic Poem (Kannada),2021.

Gokak is also renowned for its sweets, which are known all over India, such as Karadantu (a Kannada term, which literally means fried edible gum), a sweet richly stuffed with nuts and edible gum, and ladagi laadu.

Etymology
Gokak (ಗೋಕಾಕ) was basically an 'Agrahar' founded in pre-historic period, place of tribal people/jungle people then ruled by Rattas (850 Ad-1250Ad), Bijapur Sultans, Tippu-Sultan and British (1819) and became Municipality in 1853, next to Belgaum City. It derives its name from Goki trees that grow abundantly in the region as well as it was the place of 'Cow Grazers. Gokak does not have an anglicised name. Gokak is also the last name for many people, most notably the famous scholar V. K. Gokak. The city is also known for "Gokak Kotwals" who ruled the town in the 16th century and had disputes and fought a battle as well with Rani Abbakka at the time.

Dispute regarding district status
Bifurcation of Belgaum district, which includes a total of 16 talukas, has been a longstanding issue. Being the second largest city in Belgaum district, Gokak has been a strong contender for a separate administrative district. Most of these protests in Gokak have been peaceful, however sometimes these protests have turned out to be violent leading to the damage of public property. The protests are held in neighbouring towns surrounding Gokak also.

In October 2008, Bandh was declared in Gokak to demand the District status. All the educational institutions, business establishments, Movie theatres and other trading centres remained closed. The North West Karnataka Road Transport Corporation (NWKRTC) had suspended its transportation services throughout the day but resumed them in the evening.

The P. C Gaddigoudar committee, set up by the state government, recommended formation of Gokak district which would include the talukas of Gokak, Hukkeri, Raybag, Chikkodi and Athani with its sub-divisions at Gokak and Chikkodi, respectively. As of early 2012 no decision has been made regarding bifurcation.

Geography
Gokak is second biggest city after Belgaum city in Belgaum district and is surrounded by the Western Ghats. The Ghataprabha River, which has water almost throughout the year, is the chief source of agricultural and drinking water for local people living in the surrounding villages. It has an average elevation of 553 metres (1814 feet). The city is situated in the central part of Belgaum district which is located in northwestern parts of Karnataka and lies at the border of two states, Maharashtra in the north and Goa on the west. It is located at a distance of 540 km from Bangalore which is the capital city of the state of Karnataka. Gokak comes under Tropical deciduous moist belt in south central India. Majority of the soil in Gokak taluka is composed of laterite soil and small amounts of black soil is found as well.

Vegetation of Gokak can be classified into dry deciduous forests which is generally found scattered in the central and eastern parts of Belgaum district. Domestic animals which are directly dependent on plants can be found in the region. They are used for agricultural as well as transportation purposes in rural areas. Ground water resources are also extensively tapped in remote areas which are not easily accessible to canals and rivers. It has also been found that about 40% of area in Belgaum district has a higher concentration of nitrates in drinking water due to extensive dependency on fertilisers for agriculture. According to a geological survey, ground water in Gokak has a pH of about 8.6 with desirable limits being 6.5 to 8.5. The region around Gokak contains large quantities of gneisses rock which ultimately gives rise to clay deposits. Region lying to the north of Gokak consist of sandstones and quartzite that form low ridges. The manganese deposits occur in Belgaum district between Londa and Gokak taluka. Building stones and moulding sand are available around Khanapur & Gokak in Belgaum district.

Climate
Being situated in central region of Belgaum district which lies in the rugged terrain of north-western Karnataka, Gokak is well known for its pleasant warm climate throughout the year except for the winter. Gokak receives rainfall from both the northeast and the southwest monsoons and the wettest months are June–September. It has the Tropical savannah with dry winter climatic conditions. December & January are generally cold as compared to the rest of year. The coldest month is January with an average low temperature of 15.2 °C and the hottest month is April with an average high temperature of 35.7 °C. Winter temperatures rarely drop below 14 °C (54 °F), and summer temperatures seldom exceed 34–35 °C.

Demographics
India census, Gokak had a population of 135,166. Males constitute 51% of the population and females 49%. Gokak has an average literacy rate of 67%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 74%, and female literacy is 60%. In Gokak, 13% of the population is under 6 years of age. Kannada is the common language in the region, however other languages like Urdu, Marathi are spoken by a small population. According to the 2011 census Gokak had a SC and ST population of about 7216 and Below Poverty Line population of about 12203. Total population living in slums was about 7496. The literacy rate in men and women as of 2011 was about 76% and 68% respectively which is a little above national average.

Majority of the population in Gokak follows Hinduism. The religions represented in Belgaum district include Hindus (84.59%), Muslims (10.4%), Jains (4.1%), Christians (0.42%) along with Sikhs, Buddhists and others making up the rest of the population.

Economy
Gokak has a predominant agricultural economy in the rural areas where majority of the people are farmers or affiliated to other Agriculture related business. However the population living in the city is benefited from a number of Industries such as Manufacturing, Engineering, Health care, Agricultural, Automotive, Service industry, Insurance and most recently IT/BPO as well. The region around Gokak and parts of central Belgaum district has a good production yield for Sugarcane, Corn, Cotton, Jowar and Betel leaf owing to which there is an industrial presence of a cotton spinning mill, sugar industry and starch processing plant.

KIADB and KSSIDC
Gokak is the only area apart from Belgaum in Belgaum district to have a KIADB industrial area (Karnataka Industrial Areas Development Board) and KSSIDC industrial estate (Karnataka State Small Industries Development Corporation). Karnataka Industrial Areas Development Board (KIADB) is a wholly owned infrastructure agency of Government of Karnataka. Some of its aims are to promote rapid industrialisation with "No profit-No loss" policy. It facilitates various infrastructure projects and acquires land to implement various industrialisation schemes approved by the government of Karnataka. Industries present in KIADB are facilitated with well planned wide asphalted roads, potable water supply & power supply lines and office complexes with accommodation of shops and small business. Some of the industries present in KIADB Gokak are related to food processing, edible oil processing, small-scale cotton spinning mills, toys industry and Agarbatthi industry. KSSIDC on the other hand is responsible for the growth and development of small-scale industries. The agency also provides ISI testing units to help small-scale industry units to process quality products. KSSIDC has well distributed network of raw-material depots across the state which facilitates easy distribution of raw materials for small scale industries.

Textiles industry
Forbes Gokak Ltd. is a major textile industry located about 6 km west of Gokak in the town of Gokak Falls. It is also known as "Gokak Mills". Gokak mills is known for their yarn which is supplied worldwide. Gokak mills have also received ISO 9002 certification.

A unique forestation project known as "Global cooling" was initiated by Gokak Mills on rocky terrain areas surrounding Gokak Falls which led to the planting of 2 million trees. This helped the surrounding area geologically with regard to temperature, rainfall and a better quality of air. This project has won many accolades in the past for the company over and has also received an award in 1994 for its afforestation efforts.

Starch processing
Riddhi Siddhi Gluco Biols Ltd. (RSGBL) is a major starch processing facility located 3 km west of Gokak. It is one of the largest starch processing industries in India. It is headquartered in Ahmedabad, Gujarat with its manufacturing facilities in Gokak Karnataka, Pantnagar in Uttarakhand and Viramgam in Gujarat. The industry has an ISO 9001 certification and is listed on BSE as well. Riddhi Siddhi has acquired two multi-national corn processing units of Glaxo and Hindustan Unilever in the last 15 years.

Cuisine

Being close to the border with the state of Maharashtra and Goa, the cuisine in Gokak is influenced by multiple cultures. Delicacies ranging from the chats like Bhelpuri, Sevpuri, Dhokla to the south Indian dishes like Dosa, Idli, Vada (food), Avalakki, Puri Saagu can be found. There are a number of restaurants serving Indian Chinese cuisine like chow mein, Manchow soup, Gobi manchurian, Sichuan noodles & Spring roll. Located in northern part of Karnataka, a typical menu of many households would contain Bhakri, Chapathi, Eggplant curry, Kosambari or raita, sambhar or Saaru, Papad or Happala, Yogurt, Onions, Chilli, Rice, Jolada rotti, Akki rotti, Ragi rotti, Pakora.

Gokak is also known for its sweets namely Karadantu, Ladgi ladu, Peda and Kunda. Karadantu consists of a number of dry fruits like Almonds, Pistachios, Walnuts, Raisins, grated Coconut flakes, Jaggery, Cashewnut, Apricot and Anjeer. Being very nutritious and healthy it supplies a number of nutrients to the people of all ages. There are a number of restaurants in Gokak which serve these speciality sweets. In the recent years it has been exported in small quantities to countries in Europe and North America. Apart from Karadantu, Gokak is also known for its Ladagi Ladu, a ball-shaped popular sweet in India. It is made using Gram flour, Bombay rava, Dry fruits and ground coconut. These are combined with sugar along with other flavourings, cooked in ghee and moulded into a ball shape. Sometimes Ladgi Ladu are prepared using edible resin as well.

Transportation
Majority of public transport in Gokak connecting surrounding villages and towns is through city buses run by NWKRTC from Gokak bus depot. Auto rickshaws are commonly available at a nominal fare for commuting inside the city.

Road
Gokak is connected by road via State Highway 31 (Jath to Jamboti) and to National Highway 4 (exit at Hattargi cross). NWKRTC which is a sub-division of KSRTC runs buses from Gokak to all corners of Karnataka as well as neighbouring states. There are many prominent private bus services which operate across all major destinations in Karnataka, Goa and Maharashtra. The other state highways passing through Gokak are State Highway 44 (Sankeshwar to Sangam), State Highway 45 (Arabhavi to Challakere), State Highway 103 (Gokak to Saundatti), State Highway 134 (Badami to NH 4 at Hattargi Cross).

Rail
Gokak Road (Konnur) and Ghataprabha are the two main railway stations near Gokak located at a distance of about 12 km and 14 km respectively. These stations fall under Indian Railways grid and are a part of south western division. Miraj junction, which comes under Central Railway Zone is the closest railway junctions to Gokak Road station. They are well connected to major cities like Bangalore, Mysore, Mangalore, Pune, Mumbai, Hyderabad, Goa, New Delhi and Chennai.

Air
The closest Airport to Gokak is Belgaum Airport which is the Oldest Airport in North Karnataka located about 60 km southeast in the town of Sambra. It is the only airport in North Karnataka with an Airforce base. Belagavi is directly connected with Mumbai and Bangalore. The airport is located at 10 km from Belgaum on SH 20 (Belgaum–Bagalkot Road). Hubli and Kolhapur are other domestic airports with 125 and 90 km respectively. Goa-Dabolim International airport is the nearest international airport with 190 km and Manohar International Airport - Mopa, Goa is around 175 KM.

Belgaum Airport currently has Spicejet flight services to Bangalore, Mumbai, Other destinations like Chennai, Hyderabad, New Delhi, Chandigarh, Ahmedabad are also scheduled in recent days. Air India has a daily service to Pune.

Gokak toys
Gokak was once famous for its wooden and paper toys. Artificial fruits, vegetables, animals, birds and more are made up of wood and are popularly known as Gokak toys. These toys are predominantly used as display items at homes and are rarely used by the children as toys. The Karnataka Government is mulling of applying for Geographical indication tag for Gokak toys.

Books
A book named The Life and Living in the Rural Karnatak: (with Reference to Gokak Taluka) by Madhukar Narasinha Desai gives an account of rural conditions with respect to Gokak taluka in the Bombay Karnataka.

Neighboring locations

 * Ajjanakatti, Gokak
 * Konnur

title: Gokak


text: User talk:144.138.225.51

title: User talk:144.138.225.51


text:
Matt Richards (footballer, born 1984)

Matthew Lee Richards (born 26 December 1984) is an English former professional footballer who played as a midfielder or left back.

Ipswich Town
Matt is a graduate of the Ipswich Town academy, and made his debut in the UEFA Cup against Avenir Beggen aged just 17. He received his only England under-21 cap for appearing in the England U21 victory over Ukraine U21 in August 2004. He played a prominent role in Joe Royle's Play-off semi-finalist making teams in 2003/04 and 2004/05. When Club Captain Jim Magilton was made manager in 2006–07, Richards found himself out of favour. Originally regarded as a left-back, he is now much more comfortable as a midfielder, either playing on the left or in the centre.

Brighton & Hove Albion (loans)
On 18 September 2007, Richards joined League One side Brighton & Hove Albion on a provisional one-month loan deal, although the Seagulls had allegedly been tracking the player all through the summer of 2007.

Richards' loan deal at Brighton was extended by a further two months, running up until 18 December 2007. He played 14 League games in total during his three-month loan at the Withdean and ex-Brighton manager Dean Wilkins expressed his interest on loaning the player until the end of the 2007/08 season. On 17 January 2008, it was revealed that Richards had agreed to join Brighton on loan for the remainder of the 2007–08 season.

Richards once again rejoined Brighton on loan until the end of December 2008 on 21 July 2008. He scored his first goal for Brighton in a 4-0 Football League Cup win over Barnet on 12 August 2008. In the following round he scored the winning penalty as Brighton knocked out Premier League side Manchester City in a shootout.

Return to Ipswich
Richards made his Ipswich return in 2009 under new manager Roy Keane starting against Cardiff in a 3–0 win at Ninian Park. This would turn out to be his last game for the club as he was released on 14 May 2009.

Walsall
Richards had a trial spell with Burton Albion scoring in a friendly against Ilkeston Town, however following a successful trial at League One side Walsall, Richards penned a two-year contract with the Saddlers. Richards stated his desire to sign on at Walsall on Twitter, however, this was not possible.

Shrewsbury Town
Richards impressed during a trial period with Shrewsbury Town and underwent a medical at the Greenhous Meadow on 27 July 2011, with the deal expected to be completed in the following days. He signed a two-year deal with the Shropshire outfit on 28 July 2011, and scored his first goal in Shrewsbury colours on 8 October in a 3–2 home win over Barnet. The season finished with Shrewsbury earning promotion to League One with Richards playing in excess of 30 games and earning players, and fans player of the year awards.

Richards was released by Shrewsbury at the end of the 2012–13 season and joined Cheltenham Town on 5 July 2013.

Cheltenham Town
Richard joined League Two side Cheltenham Town on 5 July 2013. He scored his first goal for Cheltenham in a 3–1 defeat to Plymouth Argyle on 17 August 2013.

Dagenham & Redbridge
In August 2015, he signed for League Two side Dagenham & Redbridge on a one-year deal after impressing whilst on trial during pre-season. In May 2016 as his contract expired, he was released along with eleven players as Dagenham were relegated to the National League.

Later years
In November 2017, after a year out of the game, Richards joined Bath City of the National League South. On 23 March 2019, he joined Banbury United in the Southern Football League Premier Division. He left the club in late May, at the end of the season.

Honours
Shrewsbury Town
 * Football League Two: 2011–12

Individual
 * Shrewsbury Town Player of the Year: 2011–12
 * Shrewsbury Town Players' Player of the Year: 2011–12

title: Matt Richards (footballer, born 1984)


text:
Talk:Blanche Bruce

Untitled
Since Bruce's main claim to notability is his colour, isn't it curious that he is very clearly white in the portrait? I think the caption should make some mention of this. Soo 11:30, 1 September 2005 (UTC)

 * I guess that depends on what your definition of "black" is. To most Americans he is definitely black. In 19th century America he might have been considered "mulatto," a very un-politically correct term today. In other cultures, he might be considered mixed or white. Almost all "black" Americans are of mixed European and African ancestry to varying degrees. Recent DNA studies suggest that American blacks are 30-40% European on average. The article does note that his father was white, so no additional clarification is necessary, I think. --D Monack 20:59, 31 October 2005 (UTC)
 * I agree that the article states enough of the facts. His claim to fame was achieving political positions during Reconstruction, in addition to having gained an education. He was born a slave according to the law.--Parkwells (talk) 20:37, 14 December 2007 (UTC)

Psychosis
A new psychosis has been developed in the United States recently. People like to identify "the first black" this-and-that. I don't believe that a white man can produce a black child. I believe that U. S. Senator B. K. Bruce was colored. 71.240.9.73 15:34, 16 January 2006 (UTC)

 * Noting "the first black" is hardly a recent phenomenon in the United States. Its been going on since the colonial era. Also "colored" and "black" are synonymous in American usage, though colored is now considered an antiquated term. Happy MLK Day. --[[Image:Flag of Washington, D.C..svg|30px]] D.M. (talk) 21:04, 16 January 2006 (UTC)

 * Some people have dedicated their lives to the task of re-writing the racial history of the United States.  The psychosis is their pet project.  Topeka, Kansas is supposed to be the place with "the first black" kindergarten.  Gene Mingo is said to be "the first black" professional football player to kick field goals.  The psychosis is ubiquitous.

 * Early in 1961 I was eating a bowl of cereal and watching television when the newscaster (anchorman) said that President Kennedy had mentioned "Blacks." That was the first time that I ever heard Negroes being called "Blacks."  Prior to 1960, the term "colored" suited the aims of the Americans, so they said either "colored" or "Negro."  I had passed my 21st birthday by 1960, yet I had never heard anything resembling the phrase "the first black" before 1960.  A news reporter named Mal Good was the first Negro to hold a microphone on television, but he was not called "the first black."  He was a brown-skinned colored man.

 * During the Clinton era (1993-2001) Mr. Vernon Jordan was called "the most powerful black" in Washington, D. C! I call such talk blarney, hype, and tinsel.  71.240.106.21 19:06, 19 January 2006 (UTC)

 * How is it "re-writing" history? It's merely adding to our understanding of history. To most of those "firsts" you mentioned I would say "Who cares?" Nevertheless, if they are true, those facts should be mentioned in the relevant articles. Black, colored, or Negro, whatever the term, Blanche Bruce was, in fact, the first one in the Senate. That's at least worth mentioning in this article.

 * And again, "black" and "colored" mean the exact same thing in American usage. No one is literally "black", just as no one is literally "white". If you think "black" and "colored" are different, you'll have to explain to me how and how we should determine who belongs in which category. --[[Image:Flag of Washington, D.C..svg|30px]] D.M. (talk) 19:32, 19 January 2006 (UTC)

 * Numerous terms were employed long ago. Slave was probably the commonest term.  The closest term to "black" was probably Guinea negro because he had no white or other qualities.  Cuffy was a term.  There are many pages on the Internet which speak of "the first black" while ignoring the former terms.  I believe that people are re-writing the history of the United States.

 * Mal Good was one of the news reporters who went to Dallas, Texas in 1963 when President Kennedy was bushwhacked. On some of the old films, he can be seen holding a microphone.
 * I still have the taste of milk and corn flakes in my mouth since 1961 when I heard Negroes called "Blacks." I was stunned.  71.240.106.21 20:11, 19 January 2006 (UTC)

 * Slave was never synonymous with black or Negro. Even in the bad old days people made the distinction between slaves and "free Negroes". The shock you felt when your heard someone called "Black" in 1963 is probably then same as the shock I'd feel if I saw someone described as "Negro" in Wikipedia. Similarly, Helen Keller is not described as "blind, deaf and dumb", which is how she was described while alive, because the language has changed. We use modern English in this encyclopedia. Black is not the same as Guinea negro as you describe it because almost all black Americans have some white ancestors. The difference between them and Blanche Bruce is a matter of degree. In America, for better or worse, people are not black based on their skin tone but based on their ancestry. Some black people are so light skinned that they can "pass" for white, but they're still considered black by most Americans. --[[Image:Flag of Washington, D.C..svg|30px]] D.M. (talk) 20:37, 19 January 2006 (UTC)

 * I personally agree that "black" is a poor descriptive term for human beings, but then, so is "white". Humans come in many colors but black and white are definitely not among them.  (Brown and pale pink, however, are.  :)  The reason why "Negro" and "colored" passed out of usage owes more to their history of use by those who oppressed and mistreated them; they provide an uncomfortable reminder.  Therefore it seems that many today prefer the term "African-American", which of course does not apply to everyone who was once called "black" because of course not all "blacks" necessarily are of African stock...  The issue is so complex that I try very hard to stay neutral.  Let them be called whatever they want to be called, and why get so worked up about it?  -Kasreyn 12:33, 12 February 2006 (UTC)

Search term: "the first black"
One of the search engines contains over 9,000 pages with the term "the first black" in use. The ubiquitous psychosis has helped to balloon most of those Web pages with the now hackneyed phrase "the first black" being in use. I have seen too much of it. 71.240.8.218 18:02, 20 January 2006 (UTC)

 * If your problem is with the wording then suggest a way to rephrase it. --[[Image:Flag of Washington, D.C..svg|30px]] D.M. (talk) 22:35, 20 January 2006 (UTC)

Bi-racial was commonest
Before 1960, and the appearance of "Blacks" in the United States, the (formal) descriptive was bi-racial. I have not heard that word being spoken or seen it in print for at least 40 years.

Now, February is "Black history month" in the United States."

I would like to wish Abraham Lincoln a "happy 197th birthday" (he was born on February 12, 1809). He (and his associates) produced all of this racial messiness by being opposed to the establishment of a completely separate State for Negroes. 71.240.90.180 15:00, 12 February 2006 (UTC)

Only Freedman in the Senate
Given that he was not the first Black man in the Senate (that was Hiram Revels. Bruce was, for eighty years, the last, though), just the first to serve a full term, I'd think that that's the more relevant detail.

And what's all this about playing with "his master's son" when right above, it states that his "master" was, in fact, his father (something I did not previously know)? Lewis Trondheim 13:55, 13 February 2007 (UTC)

Stub
This article is more of a stub, and is poorly written. The one section about him needs improvement. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Murphb1220 (talk • contribs)

Wrong year?
I'm just translating the article into German and found a mistake, I'm afraid. The article says that he moved to Missouri in 1850 to become a printer's apprentice. When he was nine years old? I think it must have been 1860, so there is no gap to his attempt to become a soldier in the civil war as well. I'll put it into the german article that way; if I should be wrong, I'd like to be noticed. Otherwise it should be corrected in this article here. --Scooter (this one)  14:18, 15 July 2008 (UTC)

I haven't found a reference for the date yet, but 9-years-old was a typical age for a slave boy to begin an apprenticeship. 19 would have been considered a late age. My bet would on 1850 being correct. —D. Monack | talk 18:46, 15 July 2008 (UTC)
 * Well, it really might be that way - and it only sounds strange nowadays. But the Congbio link also says: "...left his master at the beginning of the Civil War..." And there's also the tripod link with information that appears quite different from what is written in this article. --Scooter (this one)  23:30, 15 July 2008 (UTC)

Presidential candidate?
"Pioneers in presidential race: First black presidential nominee in 1880; U.S. has seen 13 total" by Bonnie Winston http://www.inrich.com/cva/ric/news/blackhistory.apx.-content-articles-RTD-2008-02-12-0014.html states "The Almanac of Women and Minorities in American Politics and other sources place him as first among African-American candidates, with a nomination at the Republican convention in 1880 in Chicago. But other sources say he was nominated for vice president in 1880 and again in 1888." More info on this? Шизомби (talk) 02:22, 11 November 2008 (UTC)

Senate historians account and this page differ remarkably
Can someone more knowledgeable on the life of this remarkable man please try to edit this article to make it more historically accurate? There are major differences between the description given in the official record from the US Senate's historian and on this page. This page does not even mention him fleeing to Kansas where he was first freed. Here is the US Senate's version of his history, with the relevant link: http://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/history/minute/Former_Slave_Presides_Over_Senate.htm 1878-1920

February 14, 1879 Former Slave Presides over Senate On February 14, 1879, a Republican senator from Mississippi presided over the Senate. In this instance, the Senate's customary practice of rotating presiding officers during routine floor proceedings set a historical milestone. The senator who temporarily assumed these duties had a personal background that no other senator, before or since, could claim: he had been born into slavery.

Blanche K. Bruce was born 38 years earlier near Farmville, Virginia. The youngest of 11 children, he worked in fields and factories from Virginia to Mississippi. Highly intelligent and fiercely ambitious, Bruce gained his earliest formal education from the tutor hired to teach his master's son.

At the start of the Civil War, Bruce escaped slavery by fleeing to Kansas. He attended Oberlin College for two years and then moved to Mississippi, where he purchased an abandoned cotton plantation and amassed a real estate fortune. In 1874, while Mississippi remained under postwar military control, the state legislature elected Bruce to the U.S. Senate. Several years earlier, that legislature had sent the Senate its first African-American member when it elected Hiram Revels to fill out the remaining months of an unexpired term.

Blanche Bruce's Senate service got off to a sour start when Mississippi's other senator, James Alcorn, refused to escort him to the front of the chamber to take his oath of office. As Bruce started down the aisle alone, New York Republican Roscoe Conkling moved to his side and completed the journey to the rostrum. The grateful senator later named his only son Roscoe Conkling Bruce.

Withdrawal of the military government in Mississippi ended Republican control of that state's political institutions and any chance that Bruce might serve more than a single term. That term, however, proved to be an active one as he advocated civil rights for blacks, native Americans, Chinese immigrants, and even former Confederates. It was during a heated debate on a bill to exclude Chinese immigrants that Bruce made history at the presiding officer's desk.

After leaving the Senate, Bruce held a variety of key government and educational posts until his death in 1898.

Reference Items:

Mann, Kenneth Eugene. "Blanche Kelso Bruce: United States Senator Without a Constituency." Journal of Mississippi History 38 (May 1976): 183-98 (end quote) Michaelh2001 (talk) 18:59, 28 November 2008 (UTC)

Freed by his father?
The article currently says that he was freed by his father, but my humanities teacher says that's not true at all. I'm not sure about the reliability of Politico as a source... 67.155.76.106 (talk) 19:44, 5 May 2010 (UTC)

 * It meets the guidelines set down in WP:IRS. Your humanities teacher doesn't. The biography The Senator and the Socialite on page 65 agrees with Politico. One of the most important lessons you can learn in school is that your teachers aren't always right. Also: question everything. —D. Monack talk 23:14, 5 May 2010 (UTC)

Alexander Kelso Davis
Was he related to Alexander Kelso Davis? FloridaArmy (talk) 14:55, 2 October 2021 (UTC)

Oberlin College v. Oberlin Academy
Bruce's entry says he went to Oberlin College but I suspect it is far more likely he trained as a teacher at Oberlin Academy. FloridaArmy (talk) 15:01, 2 October 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Blanche Bruce


text: User talk:203.59.214.247

title: User talk:203.59.214.247


text:
Old Town, Warsaw

Warsaw Old Town, also known as Old Town, and historically known as Old Warsaw, is a neighbourhood, and an area of the City Information System, in the city of Warsaw, Poland, located within the district of Śródmieście. It is the oldest portion of the city, and contains numerous historic buildings, mostly from 17th and 18th centuries, such as the Royal Castle, city walls, St. John's Cathedral, and the Barbican. The settlement itself dates back to between the 13th and 14th centuries, and was granted town privileges c. 1300.

During World War II, the Old Town was nearly totally destroyed and subsequently reconstructed. The project was the world's first attempt to resurrect an entire historic city core and was included on the UNESCO World Heritage list in 1980. The reconstruction efforts were again recognized in 2011 when all its documents and records were added to UNESCO's Memory of the World Programme.

History
The Old Town was established in the 13th century. Initially surrounded by an earthwork rampart, prior to 1339 it was fortified with brick city walls. The town originally grew up around the castle of the Dukes of Mazovia that later became the Royal Castle. The Market Square (Rynek Starego Miasta) was laid out sometime in the late 13th or early 14th century, along the main road linking the castle with the New Town to the north.

Until 1817 the Old Town's most notable feature was the Town Hall built before 1429. In 1701 the square was rebuilt by Tylman Gamerski, and in 1817 the Town Hall was demolished. Since the 19th century, the four sides of the Market Square have borne the names of four notable Poles who once lived on the respective sides: Ignacy Zakrzewski (south), Hugo Kołłątaj (west), Jan Dekert (north) and Franciszek Barss (east).

In the early 1910s, Warsaw Old Town was the home of the prominent Yiddish writer Alter Kacyzne, who later depicted life there in his 1929 novel "שטאַרקע און שוואַכע" (Shtarke un Shvache, "The Strong and the Weak"). As depicted in the novel, the Old Town at that time was a slum neighborhood, with poor families - some Jewish, other Christian - living very crowded in subdivided tenements that had once been aristocrats' palaces. Parts of it were bohemian, with painters and artists having their studios, while some streets were a Red-light district housing brothels.

In 1918 the Royal Castle once again became the seat of Poland's highest authorities: the President of Poland and his chancellery. In the late 1930s, during the mayoralty of Stefan Starzyński, the municipal authorities began refurbishing the Old Town and restoring it to its former glory. The Barbican and the Old Town Market Place were partly restored. These efforts, however, were brought to an end by the outbreak of World War II.

During the Invasion of Poland (1939), much of the district was badly damaged by the German Luftwaffe, which targeted the city's residential areas and historic landmarks in a campaign of terror bombing. Following the Siege of Warsaw, parts of the Old Town were rebuilt, but immediately after the Warsaw Uprising (August–October 1944) what had been left standing was systematically blown up by the German Army. A statue commemorating the Uprising, "the Little Insurgent," now stands on the Old Town's medieval city wall.

After World War II, the Old Town was meticulously rebuilt. In an effort at anastylosis, as many as possible of the original bricks were reused. However, the reconstruction was not always accurate to prewar Warsaw, sometimes deference being given to an earlier period, an attempt being made to improve on the original, or an authentic-looking facade being made to cover a more modern building. The rubble was sifted for reusable decorative elements, which were reinserted into their original places. Bernardo Bellotto's 18th-century vedute, as well as pre-World War II architecture students' drawings, were used as essential sources in the reconstruction effort; however, Bellotto's drawings had not been entirely immune to artistic licence and embellishment, and in some cases this was transferred to the reconstructed buildings.

Squares
The Old Town Market Place (Rynek Starego Miasta), which dates back to the end of the 13th century, is the true heart of the Old Town, and until the end of the 18th century it was the heart of all of Warsaw. Here the representatives of guilds and merchants met in the Town Hall (built before 1429, pulled down in 1817), and fairs and the occasional execution were held. The houses around it represented the Gothic style until the great fire of 1607, after which they were rebuilt in late-Renaissance style.

Castle Square (plac Zamkowy) is a visitor's first view of the reconstructed Old Town, when approaching from the more modern center of Warsaw. It is an impressive sight, dominated by Sigismund's Column, which towers above the beautiful Old Town houses. Enclosed between the Old Town and the Royal Castle, Castle Square is steeped in history. Here was the gateway leading into the city called the Kraków Gate (Brama Krakowska). It was developed in the 14th century and continued to be a defensive area for the kings. The square was in its glory in the 17th century when Warsaw became the country's capital and it was here in 1644 that King Władysław IV erected the column to glorify his father Sigismund III Vasa, who is best known for moving the capital of Poland from Kraków to Warsaw. The Museum of Warsaw is also located there.

Canon Square (plac Kanonia), behind St. John's Cathedral, is a small triangular square. Its name comes from the 17th-century tenement houses which belonged to the canons of the Warsaw chapter. Some of these canons were quite famous, like Stanisław Staszic who was the co-author of the Constitution of May 3, 1791. Formerly, it was a parochial cemetery, of which there remains a Baroque figure of Our Lady from the 18th century. In the middle of the square, is the bronze bell of Warsaw, that Grand Crown Treasurer Jan Mikołaj Daniłowicz, founded in 1646 for the Jesuit Church in Jarosław. The bell was cast in 1646 by Daniel Tym - the designer of Sigismund's Column. Where the Canon Square meets the Royal Square is a covered passage built for Queen Anna Jagiellon in the late 16th century and extended in the 1620s after Michał Piekarski's failed 1620 attempt to assassinate King Sigismund III Vasa as he was entering the cathedral. Also the narrowest house in Warsaw is located there.

Recognition
In 1980, Warsaw's Old Town was placed on the UNESCO's list of World Heritage Sites as "an outstanding example of a near-total reconstruction of a span of history covering the 13th to the 20th century.

The site is also one of Poland's official national Historic Monuments (Pomnik historii), as designated September 16, 1994. Its listing is maintained by the National Heritage Board of Poland.

In 2011, the Archive of Warsaw Reconstruction Office was added to UNESCO’s Memory of the World Programme.

title: Old Town, Warsaw


text:
Talk:Covert listening device

Laser Spy Device
Detects sound from a distance by reflecting a laser beam off a window. First used by Russians/Poles?. See http://www.lucidscience.com/pro-laser%20spy%20device-1.aspx 86.168.58.16 (talk) 00:51, 4 September 2013 (UTC)

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History?
A section on history would be nice. At what time were electronic covert listening devices first used (as far as is known)? Was there a particular technology - for example, the invention of the transistor - that made them possible in the first place? -- 176.94.112.129 (talk) 08:31, 27 April 2018 (UTC)

Where are the sections on brainwave listening and listening in on people's thoughts and energy weapons used against their nervous system while in their homes or places of business?

Brain or Body Listening Devices
Where are the sections on brainwave listening and listening in on people's thoughts and energy weapons used against their nervous system while in their homes or places of business?

Anonymous user 172.103.142.221

- Answer: In the "Persecutory delusions" article. See there. Zezen (talk) 06:43, 29 July 2019 (UTC)

Hack a phone
Take all app from the phone Uzainkhan7856 (talk) 08:56, 23 October 2022 (UTC)

Vivo s 1 pro Uzainkhan7856 (talk) 08:56, 23 October 2022 (UTC)

Vivo s1 pro Uzainkhan7856 (talk) 08:56, 23 October 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Covert listening device


text:
User:Windsok

About Myself
I am 23 Years old and live in Wollongong, Australia.

My interests include Photography, Formula One and MotoGP.

I will add more to this page whenever i have time :)

Feel free to add any comments to my talk page.

Photography
/photos -- Photos I have contributed to wikipedia, comment on them on my talk page.

Articles I Have Significantly Contributed Towards
ART Grand Prix

2006 GP2 Series season

Tristan Gommendy

Javier Villa

Franck Perera

Luca Filippi

title: User:Windsok


text:
Aboriginal Protection Act 1869

The Aboriginal Protection Act 1869 was an Act of the colony of Victoria, Australia that established the Victorian Central Board for the Protection of Aborigines, to replace the Central Board Appointed to Watch Over the Interests of the Aborigines. The Act made Victoria the first colony to enact comprehensive regulations on the lives of Aboriginal Australians. The Act and subsequent regulations gave the Board extensive powers over the lives of Aboriginal Victorians, including regulation of residence, employment, marriage, social life, custody of children and other aspects of daily life.

History
In 1860 the Victorian government established a Central Board for the Aborigines and six Aboriginal reserves under the control of managers appointed by the board. By 1869 a quarter of Aboriginal Victorians lived on reserves. Victoria enacted the Aboriginal Protection Act 1869 providing addition powers to compel Aboriginal Victorians to live on reserves. In 1871 the Board developed further controls over where Aboriginal people could live and work, what they could do, who they could meet or marry. However, by 1877 fewer than half of Aboriginal Victorians lived on reserves.

In 1886, Victoria's parliament passed what became known as the Half-Caste Act, giving the board power to expel Aboriginal Victorians of mixed heritage ("half-castes") aged from eight to 34 from reserves. According to Broome: "In one move, the Board's costs would be reduced and the Aboriginal race would vanish as the 'full bloods' aged and died, and the 'half castes' were blended to whiteness."

The policy was implemented on the eve of the 1890s depression leading to hardship for many of those expelled from reserves. The policy was reversed by Victoria's Aborigines Act 1910, although extensive controls over the lives of Aboriginal Victorians continued.

title: Aboriginal Protection Act 1869


text:
For Love or Money (1993 film)

For Love or Money (also released as The Concierge) is a 1993 American romantic comedy film directed by Barry Sonnenfeld and starring Michael J. Fox and Gabrielle Anwar.

In the film, a concierge has invested his savings into obtaining his own hotel, but needs additional financing to begin development. He receives financial assistance from a wealthy friend, in exchange of taking care of the friend's neglected mistress. The concierge was already attracted to the woman before making this deal, and he starts developing genuine feelings from her. Meanwhile, he finds out that his wealthy friend is planning to betray him and to take over the ownership of the hotel.

Plot
Doug Ireland is a concierge at the Bradbury, a luxurious hotel in New York City. Doug is very well-connected and is very good at his job, giving personal attention to guests like Gene Salvatore while occasionally pocketing a big tip. He also helps people who don't tip as well, such as Harry Wegman. Doug's dream is to open his own hotel on Roosevelt Island. He has saved every cent and obtained an option on an old hotel. But he only has a few weeks to begin development and needs at least $3 million immediately to start or the development goes back to the city.

Doug's best chance is Christian Hanover, a somewhat unscrupulous billionaire. Christian considers the proposal and asks Doug to "take care" of his mistress, Andy Hart, a perfume saleswoman. Christian has been leading Andy on, making her believe that he was divorcing his wife. Doug had been flirting with Andy before he knew she was seeing Christian, and had asked her out multiple times. However, she always stated that she had a boyfriend. Doug spends time with Andy when Christian neglects her, (as a “favor” for Christian) and he saves Andy and Christian from an embarrassing scene at a party in Christian's house with his wife, Elenor.

Doug learns that Christian is deceiving Andy about getting a divorce, stating, “you don’t divorce your third wife”. But because his hotel proposal is urgent and Andy is old enough to make her own decisions, he doesn't intervene. However, as he and Andy spend time together, he develops feelings for her, going to an elegant restaurant with her after Christian is late due to a date with his wife. He simultaneously helps Wegman with his failing marriage, helping him get his wife to love him again.

Andy learns that a document Christian has asked Doug to sign was intended to permit the billionaire to take over the hotel project and force Doug out. Christian reveals that an IRS agent who was tailing Doug about the real estate property he (Doug) bought until he (Christian) and his lawyers took care of it was actually working with Christian to get the property. Christian smugly tells Andy that the project was going to make a fortune and he wasn't going to share it with a mere concierge. Andy abandons him to warn Doug, who is chasing after her to tell her Christian isn't divorcing his wife. After the two reunite at the Queensboro Bridge and reveal to each other about the deception, Doug says he never signed the document due to leaving to warn Andy, so Christian can't take over the property.

In the end, after Doug and Andy marry, he gets a call from Wegman, who despite his frugalness is a successful financier, has accidentally been sent Doug's business plan by a senile member of the hotel staff Doug refused to fire and has decided to put up the $3 million that Doug needs.

Main cast

 * Michael J. Fox as Doug Ireland
 * Gabrielle Anwar as Andy Hart
 * Anthony Higgins as Christian Hanover
 * Bob Balaban as Ed Drinkwater
 * Michael Tucker as Mr. Harry Wegman
 * Fyvush Finkel as Milton Glickman
 * Dan Hedaya as Gene Salvatore
 * Isaac Mizrahi as Julian Russell
 * Goodfella Mike G. (as Mike G.) as Charlie the Doorman
 * Saverio Guerra as Carmen
 * Patrick Breen as Gary Taubin
 * Daniel Hagen as Vincent, Bartender
 * La Chanze as Nora
 * Paula Laurence as Mrs. Jeanette Vigusian
 * Donna Mitchell as Eleanor Hanover
 * Susan Blommaert as Charlotte
 * Debra Monk as Mrs. Wegman
 * Harry Bugin as Joey Pickles
 * Udo Kier as Mr. Himmelman

Reception
Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times awarded the film two out of four stars and described it as "the kind of movie where you walk in, sit down, and start thinking this is where you came in." Gene Siskel of the Chicago Tribune awarded the film two and a half out of four stars and stated that the film was "a solid setup for a good story, but For Love or Money doesn't have one to tell."

It was not a commercial success domestically in North America, earning less than half its production budget before being withdrawn from theatres after just four weeks of release.

title: For Love or Money (1993 film)


text:
File:Soundhouse.jpg

Summary
Cover art for the 1979 demo release The Soundhouse Tapes by Iron Maiden.

Fair use rationale for The Soundhouse Tapes
 This image, Soundhouse.jpg is being linked here; though the picture is subject to copyright I, LuciferMorgan 23:15, 4 July 2007 (UTC) feel it is covered by the U.S. fair use laws because:
 * It is a low resolution copy of a demo cassette cover;
 * It does not limit the copyright owner's rights to sell the cassette in any way;
 * Scanned copies could not be used to make illegal copies of the album artwork on another CD / cassette.

authors: ಮಲ್ನಾಡಾಚ್ ಕೊಂಕ್ಣೊ

title: File:Soundhouse.jpg


text:
For Love or Money (American TV series)

For Love or Money is an American reality television show initially broadcast as summer programming on NBC in 2003 and 2004. Four seasons of the program were shown in linked pairs, and all seasons were hosted by Jordan Murphy. It was produced by Nash Entertainment with Bruce Nash and J. D. Roth as two of the executive producers.

Overview
The series was a dating game show where the chosen winner had to choose between starting a relationship with the central bachelor or bachelorette, or taking home a cash prize while not being permitted any further contact with the central contestant. Eliminated contestants were forced to rip up the checks that represented the money they could have won.

Seasons 1 and 2
The first season of the show aired in the summer of 2003. Rob Campos chose among sixteen suitors, unaware that each woman was informed that she was set to win a million dollars if she rejected Rob in the end. The selection boiled down to Erin Brodie and Paige Jones. The two women assumed that Erin would take the money and Paige would take Rob. But in an unexpected move, Rob chose Erin, leaving Paige to tear up her check. But, as expected, Erin rejected Rob and took the million dollars to help care for her ailing father - former NFL quarterback John Brodie, sending Rob home. Paige's emotional displays were later parodied in I Want to Marry Ryan Banks and The Joe Schmoe Show 2.

The second season aired immediately after the first. Erin returned to the house three weeks after she took her million-dollar check. She returned to risk her million dollar-check by being in Rob's position, this time choosing among 15 male suitors. If the final man she chose were to choose her over a million dollars, her million dollars would double; otherwise, the million dollars (in essence) will be passed to him, leaving her with nothing. The men did not know that Erin had already participated in a similar competition.

When she trimmed her choices down to just three, Rob returned as a "fourth man," returning to woo her the second time. It was not revealed to the original contestants that Erin and Rob had already participated in a version of the competition; Rob was implied to be Erin's ex-boyfriend. Although Rob made it to the final three suitor, Erin ultimately rejected him, leaving her to choose between Wade Whistler and Chad Viggiano. In the end, Erin chose Chad, who chose her. As a result, she won both Chad and two million dollars, $500,000 of which she gave to Chad. Chad and Erin eventually broke up, Erin went on to eventually marry Dr. Will Kirby of Big Brother fame. Chad went on to date San Francisco based model, Natasha Hahn.

Seasons 3 and 4
The third season, which aired in 2004, featured Preston Mercer choosing from among a set of sixteen female suitors. Because the show was cast and filmed after the first version of the series aired, a new twist was incorporated: each woman was initially presented a seemingly blank check that she would have the option of ultimately choosing over Preston. Ultraviolet light would reveal the check's value, which would be one of the following:
 * $1
 * $50,000
 * $100,000
 * $250,000
 * $500,000
 * $1,000,000

Eventually, Preston was informed that the show was in fact For Love or Money and further, he was shown the value of each woman's check while the women themselves initially remained ignorant of their values. In addition, if the woman Preston chose then chose him in return, Preston would subsequently have the option of choosing a million-dollar prize over her. The women did not know that Preston had received any of this information. Some of the female contestants eventually learned the values of their check through competitions within the game. The final four women choose from among four new checks with mystery values; two were worth $1 and two were worth $1 million.

In the end, Preston chose PJ Spillman over Rachel Veltri, who was considered the season's major antagonist. PJ chose Preston, who revealed that he, too, had to choose between love or money, and he chose PJ. Rachel tore up her million-dollar check while PJ did not learn within the show that her check had been worth only one dollar.

In the fourth season, which aired immediately after the third, Rachel returned to the house to again compete for the million dollars that she would have won. She was told that she would choose a suitor from among 15 men, and then would have the option of choosing a million-dollar prize over that suitor if he first chose her over a cash prize. Unbeknownst to her, the same offer was made to Andrea Langi, who also lost a million-dollar check while wooing Preston, and who was in turn unaware of Rachel's presence in the new competition. The two women only learned that they were still competing against each other right before meeting the male contestants.

Each of the fifteen men was presented with checks in the same manner as the women had been in season 3. However, the new twist was that the men were immediately shown the values of their checks while Rachel and Andrea didn't know the values or that the men did know them. The fifteen men were then introduced to both women and had the opportunity to socialize with them for an evening. The men were then instructed to choose one of the two women to continue courting. Eight of the men courted Rachel her while only seven courted Andrea. In a twist, Andrea was consequently eliminated from the show, as were all of the men who had chosen her. Rachel became the sole bachelorette and was left to choose from among the eight men.

Similarly to season 3, the final four men choose from among four mystery checks; again, two were worth one dollar and two were worth a million dollars. In the end, Rachel chose Caleb Janus over Mike Deatly. Caleb chose Rachel over his check and Rachel chose Caleb in return. Mike had to destroy his one-dollar check, while Caleb could forget about his one-dollar check and focus on Rachel, both holders of the million-dollar checks having already been eliminated. It was reported that Caleb and Rachel split up a month after the end of the show's production.

title: For Love or Money (American TV series)


text:
Richard Naylor

Richard Alan Naylor (born 28 February 1977) is an English former footballer who played as a centre-back.

Naylor started his career at Ipswich Town, where he played as a striker up until he was moved to centre-back by Joe Royle in 2002; he continued to play as a centre-back ever since. After his retirement from professional football he was Under 18's manager of Leeds United, he also included a brief spell as Leeds' caretaker assistant manager after the sacking of Neil Warnock in 2013.

Ipswich Town
Born in Leeds, West Yorkshire, Naylor graduated through the Ipswich Town youth academy and played for Ipswich for 14 years. He started out his Ipswich career as a robust centre forward making an instant impact in the mid-1990s for the club. However a number of recurring injuries held Naylor back from achieving his full potential as a striker and he soon found himself behind Alex Mathie, James Scowcroft, David Johnson and later Marcus Stewart in the pecking order at Portman Road.

In 1999–2000, Naylor started in fine form but was once again forced onto the bench, however he would play a key role in Ipswich's decisive play-off final against Barnsley (a club he would later join). Naylor came on as a first-half substitute for the injured David Johnson, and was widely credited at the time for changing the shape of the match in Ipswich's favour, scoring one and setting up another sending Ipswich back into the Premier League for the first time since 1995.

While Ipswich where riding high in the Premiership, Naylor once again found himself out of favour with then manager George Burley. Naylor continued to make sporadic appearances for Ipswich during 2000–01 which saw Ipswich qualify for a place in the UEFA Cup. Naylor would score Ipswich's last goal of the season against Derby County.

In 2001–2002 Naylor was out of Ipswich's plans, despite having the opportunity to play against Italian giants Inter Milan in the UEFA Cup. He was loaned out to Barnsley and Millwall in 2002 in what seemed to many as the end of his Ipswich career.

However Ipswich were relegated in 2001–02 by a point and as the promotion push in 2002–03 started to fizzle out, Burley was replaced by Joe Royle as Ipswich manager and with the departure of many players from the Club due to administration, Naylor was back in the picture. Royle decided to switch Naylor back to play as a centre half, a move that saw Naylor improve his performances and ironically increase his goal scoring tally for the club.

Naylor played a key role in Ipswich's promotion pushes in 2003–04 and 2004–05 where the club would lose in the semi-finals to West Ham United and went on to become a staple for club in the less successful 2005–06. In 2006, Joe Royle left Ipswich and Naylor's former teammate Jim Magilton took over as manager. On 1 September 2006, he was given a testimonial at Ipswich for 10 years as a professional at the club in which 10,000 fans attended the game at Portman Road to see the current Ipswich team play against the Wembley 2000 XI. It finished 3–3 with Naylor fittingly scoring a last minute penalty. Naylor remained in the first team at Ipswich playing at the back alongside team captain Jason DeVos in 2006–07 and 2007–08. In 2008–09 his last season with the club, he was made club captain.

Leeds United
On 14 January 2009, Naylor joined his boyhood team Leeds United on loan from Ipswich. The move was made permanent on 2 February when he joined on a free transfer. Naylor was appointed vice-captain of the club and scored his first goal for the club in the 2–0 win over Southend United. Naylor helped rejuvenate Leeds' form after signing for his boyhood club, who had previously conceded several goals from set pieces. Leeds' defence considerably improved, and when Sam Sodje also signed for Leeds on loan they made a formidable centre back partnership at the back, after Leeds had previously had some defence problems. The performances of Naylor and Sodje helped Leeds reach the playoff semi-finals, but they eventually lost out to Millwall after losing 2–1 on aggregate over two legs.

Ian Westlake had revealed in the October/November 2006 issue of the Leeds, Leeds, Leeds magazine about Naylor that "Bam-Bam's a massive Leeds fan – he's got the white rose tattooed on his arm and sings 'Marching On Together' in the shower after training".

In July 2009, he signed for Leeds permanently from Ipswich Town and Naylor was appointed the new permanent captain of Leeds United following former captain Frazer Richardson's departure in the summer. Naylor had an operation on his back and missed all of the 2009–10 pre season and several of Leeds games in League One. During his absence the captain's armband was temporarily passed to Jonny Howson.

Naylor made his comeback from injury playing 61 minutes in Leeds United's Reserves 2–1 win over Middlesbrough Reserves. After recovering from injury Naylor has found himself on Leeds' bench due to the impressive form of Leeds central defensive partnership.

Naylor made his return to first team action on 29 September, by starting in the game at home to Carlisle United. Naylor retained his place in the side against Charlton Athletic. Naylor missed the game against Brighton with an injury. The injury kept Naylor out of a few games. Naylor returned to the Leeds side against Accrington Stanley in the Football League Trophy. Naylor suffered an injury late on in the match against Hartlepool but was fit enough to start against Stockport County. Naylor captained Leeds to victory in the FA Cup third round against Manchester United. After the game he said "It is unbelievable, a tremendous result that has been a long time coming. I am really proud of the lads. I thought we had a few chances to make it 2–0 late on. We dug in when we needed to but we also played some good football."

Naylor missed Leeds' FA Cup tie against Tottenham Hotspur on 23 January 2010 through injury. Leeds earned a replay by getting a 2–2 draw. Naylor also missed Leeds defeat to Swindon Town but returned against Colchester United. Naylor played in Leeds' Football League Trophy second leg Northern Area final match against Carlisle United and Naylor was at fault for one of the goals conceded when his error let in Adam Clayton to slot the ball home for Carlisle. Leeds were knocked out of the Football League Trophy after losing 6–5 on penalties. After a solid start in defence, Leeds have continued to leak goals with 19 goals being conceded in the nine games since the Manchester United victory. He scored two goals against Yeovil Town 5 April 2010. On 1 May 2010, during a game in which a win would have seen Leeds promoted, Naylor scored an own goal which gave Charlton Athletic the victory, and ensured that Leeds' season came down to the final match. Due to a hamstring injury sustained in the pregame warmup, Naylor missed the final game of the season against Bristol Rovers. Despite his absence, Leeds went on to win the game, after stand-in captain Jermaine Beckford scored the match winning goal to ensure a 2–1 victory for Leeds. This resulted in Leeds United clinching promotion to the Football League Championship, claiming second place on the League One table and gaining automatic promotion.

Naylor missed Leeds' pre season tour of Slovakia through injury, but it was during the tour that manager Simon Grayson said Naylor would remain as Leeds club captain for the forthcoming season. Naylor captained Leeds in the opening game of the season loss against Derby County, he was on the bench for the following game after being replaced by Alex Bruce in the starting line-up against Lincoln City. Naylor scored an own goal against Millwall on 21 August, Leeds however went on to win the game 3–1. Naylor scored his first goal of the 2010–11 season in a 1–0 away win against Watford, the match was also Naylor's 450th career appearance. Naylor's indifferent start to the season continued when his costly slip let in Swansea City striker Stephen Dobbie to score in Leeds' 2–1 victory against Swansea. After the game manager Simon Grayson backed his captain after his place came under scrutiny The following game, again Naylor's position in the team came under further pressure as Leeds conceded 5 against Barnsley in a 5–2 defeat. For the following game against Doncaster Rovers, Naylor was named on the bench with Alex Bruce taking his place in the side, with Bruce putting in an impressive performance and helping Leeds keep a clean sheet. Naylor remained on the bench in the game against Sheffield United.

After three games on the bench, Naylor returned to Leeds starting 11 against his former club Ipswich Town. Naylor's error against Leicester City allowed Steve Howard to score the winning goal and again put Naylor's place in the team under scrutiny. Naylor's error against Leicester saw him drop out of the squad against Cardiff City. After suffering a knee injury Naylor was booked in for knee surgery on 25 November which would keep him out for 6 weeks. After knee surgery Naylor was looking to return for Leeds sometime in the new year. Naylor returned to Leeds first team action for the first time since November when on 5 March 2011 he came on as a second-half substitute in Leeds' 5–2 against Doncaster Rovers. On 22 April, Naylor made his first start for Leeds since October when he came into the side and regained his captaincy against Reading where Leeds managed to keep a rare clean sheet. Naylor managed to get an assist for Max Gradel in Naylor's final game for Leeds against Championship winners Queesn Park Rangers. Leeds won the game 2–1 and Naylor was substituted late on in the second half for Patrick Kisnorbo. It was announced on the Leeds United website on 9 May 2011 that, after two years, Naylor was leaving the club on a free transfer as the club have chosen not to renew his contract. Naylor said in an interview about his time at Leeds 'when I look back on it I can have pride that I have made a positive contribution and helped the club move forward. "It is a tremendous football club and is everything I thought it would be. The fans are tremendous home and away and I just loved playing for Leeds United." He also revealed that he is doing his UEFA Coaching B badge during the summer of 2011 and that he would like to return to Leeds in a coaching capacity someday.

Doncaster Rovers
On 11 July 2011, Naylor joined Doncaster Rovers on a short-term contract from Leeds United on a free transfer. He made his debut for Doncaster against Brighton & Hove Albion on 6 August 2011. He made 15 appearances for Doncaster before leaving the club in January 2012.

Rotherham United
On 13 January 2012, Naylor signed with Rotherham United on a deal until the end of the 2011–12 season. He made his debut for Rotherham in a 3–2 defeat at Dagenham & Redbridge on 28 January, having prior been an unused substitute twice in home losses to Swindon Town and Port Vale. He made 5 appearances for Rotherham during the second-half of the 2011–12 season. He was released by Rotherham in May 2012.

Coaching career
After leaving Leeds, Naylor revealed that he was doing his UEFA B Coaching badges during the summer of 2011.

On 12 July 2012, Naylor retired from playing football and re-joined Leeds United as a coach working with the youth team alongside Neil Redfearn.

In his first season in management during the 2012/13 season Naylor won the Under 18's league with Leeds Under 18's team. Naylor's side were crowned Champions on 30 March after beating nearest rivals Nottingham Forest 7–2 to be declared league champions.

After the sacking of Neil Warnock on 1 April, Naylor moved up to be Leeds United's caretaker assistant manager to assist caretaker manager Neil Redfearn in the role.

On 11 July 2014, Naylor was made redundant as Leeds Under 18's Manager by Owner Massimo Cellino.

Honours
As Player
 * Ipswich Town
 * Football League First Division play-offs: 2000

 * Leeds United
 * League One runner-up: 2009–10

As Manager
 * Leeds United U18
 * Under 18 League Champions: 2012/13 Season

title: Richard Naylor