text:
User:PaulHanson/New articles

Articles I have created

 * $ = Article from 1911 Encyclopedia topics
 * @ = Article I just thought we should have

 * 1) Mudmen@
 * 2) Dan Frisa@
 * 3) David A. Levy@
 * 4) Mongol Rally@
 * 5) Fortunoff@
 * 6) Chapayevsk
 * 7) Alabama and Kearsarge
 * 8) James Garner (politician)@
 * 9) Anti-Monopoly Party
 * 10) Andrew Johnson National Historic Site
 * 11) Pearson VUE@
 * 12) MTA Police@
 * 13) John Lefferts@
 * 14) Star Industries@
 * 15) Emanuel Ungaro
 * 16) John Gilbert Winant
 * 17) William Howard Taft National Historic Site
 * 18) Wyandotte Cave
 * 19) Commodity Credit Corporation
 * 20) Hemofiltration
 * 21) Mohács
 * 22) Moidore
 * 23) Kel-Tec@
 * 24) Halluin$
 * 25) Accountant General$
 * 26) Noel Alexandre
 * 27) Dirck Volckertszoon Coornhert
 * 28) Contumacy
 * 29) Copaline$
 * 30) Albert Stanburrough Cook$
 * 31) Rural electrification@
 * 32) Grimma$
 * 33) Gualeguay$
 * 34) Gualeguaychú$
 * 35) Griffe$
 * 36) Sibylle Gabrielle Marie Antoinette Riqueti de Mirabeau$
 * 37) Hennebont$
 * 38) Hohenheim$
 * 39) Bad Honnef$
 * 40) Hohenasperg$
 * 41) Guanta$
 * 42) Hotch-pot$
 * 43) Housel$
 * 44) Hitzacker$
 * 45) Hadendoa$
 * 46) Huningue$
 * 47) Halaesa$
 * 48) Haibak$
 * 49) Hirson$
 * 50) Hohenstein-Ernstthal$
 * 51) Heringsdorf (Pomerania)$
 * 52) Hülser Berg$
 * 53) Hermsdorf (Silesia)$
 * 54) Hermsdorf (Thuringia)$
 * 55) Hochheim am Main$
 * 56) Hagen-Hohenlimburg$
 * 57) Hasania$
 * 58) Ancient Greek law$
 * 59) Hagen-Haspe$
 * 60) Hainichen (Saxony)$
 * 61) Herzberg am Harz$
 * 62) Hettstedt$
 * 63) Guatusos$
 * 64) Gumus$
 * 65) Hanthawaddy$
 * 66) Bresse$
 * 67) Boppard$
 * 68) Bordighera$
 * 69) Apaturia$
 * 70) Bulgarus$
 * 71) Cochem$
 * 72) Thomas S. Butler@
 * 73) Habsburg Flag@
 * 74) Gold Reserve Inc.@
 * 75) Hungarian Telephone and Cable Corp.@
 * 76) Movie Star, Inc.@
 * 77) Fresh Del Monte Produce@
 * 78) Del Monte Foods@
 * 79) Nutrilite@
 * 80) Amway Grand Plaza Hotel@
 * 81) Access Business Group@
 * 82) Howard Safir@
 * 83) Branch mint@
 * 84) Manila Mint@
 * 85) Independent Business Owner@
 * 86) United States Civil Service Commission@
 * 87) One dollar Federal Reserve Note@
 * 88) Two dollar Federal Reserve Note@
 * 89) Declaration of Philadelphia@
 * 90) International Labour Conference@
 * 91) Mint mark@
 * 92) Register of the Treasury@
 * 93) Postal Service Act@
 * 94) Lise Van Susteren@
 * 95) Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention@
 * 96) Stephen Mailer
 * 97) Air Rhodesia
 * 98) Carter Clarke
 * 99) Federal Alcohol Administration
 * 100) United States v. Constantine
 * 101) Amivo
 * 102) William Kneass
 * 103) Artistic Infusion Program
 * 104) American 5-cent Coin Design Continuity Act
 * 105) Coinage Act (1864)
 * 106) Pittman Act
 * 107) Caisse de dépôt et placement du Québec
 * 108) Charles F. Manderson
 * 109) Jacob H. Gallinger
 * 110) Frank B. Brandegee
 * 111) Robert L. Barry
 * 112) Melbourne Mint
 * 113) Mexican Mint
 * 114) Cornelius C. Schoonmaker
 * 115) Marius Schoonmaker
 * 116) Israel Jacobs
 * 117) Nathaniel Niles
 * 118) Samuel Blair
 * 119) Samuel Steel Blair
 * 120) Apportionment Act
 * 121) William White (Bishop of Pennsylvania)
 * 122) Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act
 * 123) Thomas M. Bowen
 * 124) Edward Oliver Wolcott
 * 125) Charles Spalding Thomas
 * 126) John F. Shafroth
 * 127) Nathaniel P. Hill
 * 128) Samuel D. Nicholson
 * 129) William J. Harris
 * 130) Rice W. Means
 * 131) Nathan Smith (senator)
 * 132) Karl C. Schuyler
 * 133) Charles W. Waterman
 * 134) John A. Carroll
 * 135) Elijah Boardman
 * 136) Gunskirchen
 * 137) Thaddeus Betts
 * 138) Jabez W. Huntington
 * 139) James E. English
 * 140) Raymond E. Baldwin
 * 141) George P. McLean
 * 142) Orville H. Platt
 * 143) John A. Danaher
 * 144) William W. Eaton
 * 145) Samuel A. Foot
 * 146) Frederic C. Walcott
 * 147) James Dixon
 * 148) Federal Debt Collection Procedure Act
 * 149) Freeman Walker
 * 150) Nicholas Ware
 * 151) Wilson Lumpkin
 * 152) David J. Baker
 * 153) Samuel McRoberts
 * 154) John M. Robinson
 * 155) James M. Slattery
 * 156) Kirtland I. Perky
 * 157) John F. Nugent
 * 158) Frank R. Gooding
 * 159) Bert H. Miller
 * 160) Charles C. Gossett
 * 161) BaltNet
 * 162) David A. Vise
 * 163) William Gordon (1763-1802)
 * 164) Samuel Tenney
 * 165) Lucas Conrad Elmendorf
 * 166) John Peter Van Ness
 * 167) Hezekiah L. Hosmer
 * 168) Jacobus Van Cortlandt
 * 169) John Bird (New York)
 * 170) David Thomas (New York politician)
 * 171) William Craik
 * 172) Isaac Smith (New Jersey politician)
 * 173) James Henderson Imlay
 * 174) Arthur Levitt, Sr.
 * 175) John Campbell (1765–1828)
 * 176) Richard Cutts
 * 177) Josiah Smith
 * 178) Seth Hastings
 * 179) William Soden Hastings
 * 180) Nathan Read
 * 181) John James Flynt, Jr.
 * 182) Jack English Hightower
 * 183) Earl D. Hutto
 * 184) John Robert Brown (Virginia politician)
 * 185) John L. McMillan
 * 186) Carlos Moorhead
 * 187) Alvin O'Konski
 * 188) Dan Schaffer
 * 189) William G. Whiteley
 * 190) Nathaniel B. Smithers
 * 191) Directo a México
 * 192) Mark Thomson
 * 193) James Linn
 * 194) James Mott (New Jersey politician)
 * 195) Adam Boyd (New Jersey)
 * 196) Lewis Condict
 * 197) Henry A. Coffeen
 * 198) John A. Nicholson
 * 199) James R. Lofland
 * 200) Edward L. Martin
 * 201) Henry Houston
 * 202) Charles B. Lore
 * 203) John B. Pennington
 * 204) Jonathan S. Willis
 * 205) Levin Irving Handy
 * 206) John Swanwick
 * 207) Samuel Sitgreaves
 * 208) David Bard
 * 209) Paul Ranous Greever
 * 210) Edwin Keith Thomson
 * 211) Vincent Carter
 * 212) Charles E. Winter
 * 213) Daniel Elliott Huger
 * 214) Benjamin Huger (1768-1823)
 * 215) Abraham Nott
 * 216) John Rutledge, Jr.
 * 217) William Butler (1759-1821)
 * 218) Arthur Ravenel, Jr.
 * 219) Robin Tallon
 * 220) Butler Derrick
 * 221) Francis Willis (Representative)
 * 222) Edward Kavanagh
 * 223) Hugh J. Anderson
 * 224) Thomas Henderson (New Jersey politician)
 * 225) Isaac Parker (representative)
 * 226) Richard Thomas (Pennsylvania politician)
 * 227) John Richards (Pennsylvania)
 * 228) George Ege
 * 229) Daniel Buck
 * 230) John Clopton
 * 231) Thomas Terry Davis
 * 232) Robert Waln
 * 233) Blair McClenachan
 * 234) John Davenport (Connecticut)
 * 235) John Thompson (1749-1823)
 * 236) Henry Woods (Pennsylvania politician)
 * 237) John Woods (Pennsylvania politician)
 * 238) Robert Brown (Pennsylvania)
 * 239) John A. Hanna
 * 240) John Stewart (Pennsylvania politician)
 * 241) John Hanna (Indiana politician)
 * 242) Lewis R. Morris
 * 243) Matthew Clay
 * 244) Anna of Tyrol
 * 245) Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
 * 246) Samuel Goode
 * 247) Maria Theresia Habsburg (1762-1770)
 * 248) Maria Theresia Habsburg (1684-1696)
 * 249) Richard D. Hubbard
 * 250) George L. Lilley
 * 251) Chauncey Fitch Cleveland
 * 252) Taxpayer Advocate Service
 * 253) Gurdon S. Mumford
 * 254) Isaac Bloom
 * 255) Thomas Morris (New York)
 * 256) Christopher C. McGrath
 * 257) Silas Halsey
 * 258) David A. Boody
 * 259) Alfred C. Chapin
 * 260) John W. Hunter
 * 261) George Hall (New York)
 * 262) Philip S. Crooke
 * 263) Milton De Lano
 * 264) Thomas Kinsella (New York)
 * 265) Josiah Hasbrouck
 * 266) Obadiah Bowne
 * 267) Frederic Storm
 * 268) Lathrop Brown
 * 269) Martin G. Schuneman
 * 270) Daniel C. Verplanck
 * 271) Gaylord Griswold
 * 272) James I. Van Alen
 * 273) Peter Swart
 * 274) John Henry Hobart Haws
 * 275) Andrew McCord
 * 276) James Alexander, Jr.
 * 277) William J. Alston
 * 278) Charles H. Adams
 * 279) Edmund H. Driggs
 * 280) Lewis K. Rockefeller
 * 281) George W. Ray
 * 282) Henry Bruckner
 * 283) Simon J. Schermerhorn
 * 284) Gilbert Dean
 * 285) Bayard Clarke
 * 286) Burt Van Horn
 * 287) Edward B. Vreeland
 * 288) Caroline Love Goodwin O'Day
 * 289) John I. Slingerland
 * 290) George A. Starkweather
 * 291) Henry Van Aernam
 * 292) John G. Schumaker
 * 293) Ernest Greenwood
 * 294) John C. Davies
 * 295) Martin Kalbfleisch
 * 296) Frederick A. Conkling
 * 297) Calvin T. Hulburd
 * 298) Robert B. Van Valkenburg

Categories I have created

 * 1) Template:CompTIA Certifications
 * Category:CompTIA
 * Category:Windsor, Ontario
 * Category:The Salvation Army
 * Category:Ancient Greek law
 * Category:United States bankruptcy law
 * Category:Flags of the Soviet Union
 * Category:Gins
 * Category:EC Comics
 * Category:Amway
 * Category:Amway people
 * Category:SUNY technology colleges
 * Category:State University of New York university colleges
 * Category:SUNY community colleges
 * Category:SUNY university centers
 * Category:Federal Reserve
 * Category:Federal Reserve economists
 * Category:Federal Reserve Banks
 * Category:Chairmen of the Federal Reserve
 * Category:New York University units
 * Category:Presidents of New York University
 * Category:New York University professors
 * Category:Tobacco advertising
 * Category:Da Ali G Show
 * Category:New York City Police Commissioners
 * Category:Cigarette brands
 * Category:Financial regulation in the United States
 * Category:History of the Federal Reserve
 * Category:Federal Reserve Bank presidents
 * Category:American entrepreneurs
 * Category:United States military police
 * Category:Ron and Fez
 * Category:Bechtel Corporation
 * Category:United States Mint
 * Category:Directors of the United States Mint
 * Category:United States Mint engravers
 * Category:Federal Reserve Notes
 * Category:International Labour Organization
 * Category:Fox News Channel
 * Category:Fox News Channel personalities
 * Category:Fox News original programming
 * Category:Social Security (United States)
 * Category:Juvenile law
 * Category:British gold coins
 * Category:Exonumia
 * Category:Warren G. Harding
 * Category:Capital punishment in the United States
 * Category:USA PATRIOT Act
 * Category:United States dollar coins
 * Category:Aqua Teen Hunger Force
 * Category:National Science Foundation
 * Category:United States federal firearms law
 * Category:United States federal banking law
 * Category:United States federal currency legislation
 * Category:United States foreign relations legislation
 * Category:United States federal transportation legislation
 * Category:Federal Trade Commission
 * Category:United States federal immigration and nationality legislation
 * Category:United States federal education legislation
 * Category:Individual Retirement Accounts
 * Category:Retirement in the United States
 * Category:Retirement in Canada
 * Category:Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
 * Category:Port-au-Prince
 * Category:General Dynamics
 * Category:Textron
 * Category:Robert Ludlum
 * Category:Fortune Brands
 * Category:Frederick Forsyth
 * Category:Capitals of political divisions in Canada
 * Category:Beretta
 * Category:Turkish diplomats
 * Category:Chiropractic
 * Category:Mahatma Gandhi
 * Category:Research and development
 * Category:Benjamin Franklin
 * Category:Patagonia
 * Category:Nortel
 * Category:Incubus (band)
 * Category:Places named for Benjamin Franklin
 * Category:History of British coinage
 * Category:2600:The Hacker Quarterly
 * Category:Indian diplomats
 * Category:United States Attorneys
 * Category:Recording Industry Association of America
 * Category:Auditing
 * Category:United States federal environmental legislation
 * Category:Federalism by country
 * Category:Vodka
 * Category:Fabrique Nationale de Herstal
 * Category:Iron
 * Category:Copper
 * Category:Michael Moore
 * Category:Ithaca, New York
 * Category:Dave Barry
 * Category:Peter Pan
 * Category:Llewelyn-Davies family
 * Category:Yakuza
 * Category:2004 United States presidential electors
 * Category:New York City Comptrollers
 * Category:New York State Comptrollers
 * Category:Comptrollers of Erie County, New York
 * Category:Comptrollers General of the United States
 * Category:Comptrollers
 * Category:2000 United States presidential electors
 * Category:Cocaine
 * Category:Prothonotaries
 * Category:Pennsylvania prothonotaries
 * Category:Harlem, New York
 * Category:Alexander Hamilton
 * Category:Ulysses S. Grant
 * Category:Paymasters of the Forces
 * Category:Paymasters
 * Category:People from Greene County, Pennsylvania
 * Category:Delaware Attorneys General
 * Category:Robert Moses
 * Category:Times Square
 * Category:Condé Nast Publications
 * Category:Reuters Group plc
 * Category:Dow Jones & Company
 * Category:The Wall Street Journal
 * Category:Ottaway Community Newspapers
 * Category:The Cooper Union
 * Category:Alumni of The Cooper Union
 * Category:Wyoming judges
 * Category:United States Sanitary Commission
 * Category:Vermont Attorneys General
 * Category:George S. Patton
 * Category:Henry Clay
 * Category:Quartermasters
 * Category:Jimi Hendrix
 * Category:Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble
 * Category:BNY Mellon
 * Category:Wall Street
 * Category:Rockefeller Center
 * Category:Greenwich Village
 * Category:Burials at Green-Wood Cemetery
 * Category:Mayors of Brooklyn
 * Category:Les Misérables
 * Category:Martin Van Buren
 * Category:People from Orange County, New York
 * Category:Bronx borough presidents
 * Category:Manhattan borough presidents
 * Category:Tom Wolfe
 * Category:National Monetary Commission
 * Category:People from Allegany County, New York
 * Category:People from Saratoga County, New York
 * Category:People from St. Lawrence County, New York

Articles I would like to create

 * John Langdon-Davies
 * New York State Public Authorities Law
 * Port Authority of New York and New Jersey Police
 * MTA Staten Island Railway Police
 * Amtrak Police
 * Lefferts Historic House
 * Heinrichsdorf - Someone beat me to it!
 * United States Mint Police - Someone beat me to it! Although it still needs some expansion
 * Frank Gasparro - No way, awesome.

Other stuff I would like to create

 * Category:Metropolitan Transportation Authority (New York)

Articles I would like to expand

 * Peter Kalikow
 * Almost all of the ones I created.

Of course, this is a
very incomplete list.

title: User:PaulHanson/New articles


text:
Wikipedia:Peer review/Cyberpunk/archive1

Cyberpunk
This article was put up for FA status back in April. It was really very far from ready, so the nomination failed. I've taken stabs at improving it since, but right now it needs a fresh set of editing fingers. Anville 19:26, 21 August 2005 (UTC)

 * If it's going to make featured article status, the image copyrights need to be straightened out. All the images are claimed under fair use, so fair use rationales, as outlined in Image description page, need to be supplied.  See Sunset Boulevard (film) and related image description pages for a good example. --Carnildo 05:34, 22 August 2005 (UTC)
 * I did some research and took a stab at writing the rationales. Anything else? Anville 19:21, 25 August 2005 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Poesybeat

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was No Consensus. R e  dwolf24  (talk) 22:59, 28 August 2005 (UTC)

Poesybeat
Neologism; Google search doesn't indicate a widely established term (voters - please confirm). Cheese Sandwich 19:26, 21 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Niteowlneils 21:37, 21 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. -- Kjkolb 04:56, August 22, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. -- L. Lounsbury 01:08, August 23, 2005 -- as a poesybeater, I'm not sure what newness has to do with whether an artform exists and merits definition. The fact is, poesybeat is a niche artform practiced by a growing number of artists.  How many Google hits does it take to warrant inclusion in Wikipedia? preceding comment by Special:Contributions/63.171.106.25
 * Keep. -- J.Stacy 01:08, August 23, 2005 -- There are over one hundred and fifty members at the site poesybeat.org who use the term and make the art form of poesybeat. When did "dada" become "real?" preceding comment by Special:Contributions/209.7.38.7
 * Keep. -- G. Holub 04:38, August 23, 2005 -- This movement is real and there are over 150 people who are making it real. This is a new art form, and it will only hinder progress if we pretend it does not exist. preceding comment by Special:Contributions/24.131.110.181
 * Comment for poesybeat folks: No one is claiming it does not exist, we're just trying to enforce a certain standard of notability to merit an encyclopedia article. In my opinion this has the appearance of a relatively new and non-widespread artform, so a vote on the topic is appropriate. --Cheese Sandwich 20:54, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment Fair enough -- it is indeed a "new and non-widespread artform." If that causes it to fall below the standard of inclusion for Wikipedia, then so be it.  It seems to me that one advantage of Wikipedia over the long-standing, non-democratic encyclopedias is its ability to pick up on innovations.  I don't pretend to be well-versed in Wikipedia's mission, however. -- L. Lounsbury 2:44 pm, 24 August 2005. preceding comment by Special:Contributions/63.171.106.25
 * Delete. The movement still appears to be too new to meet verifiability standards.  Please come back after the mainstream press or an academic journal prints an article on the movement.  --Allen3 talk 22:36, August 28, 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Descant

A descant, discant, or discantus is any of several different things in music, depending on the period in question; etymologically, the word means a voice (cantus) above or removed from others. The Harvard Dictionary of Music states: "Anglicized form of L. discantus and a variant of discant. Throughout the Middle Ages the term was used indiscriminately with other terms, such as descant. In the 17th century it took on special connotations in instrumental practice."

A descant is a form of medieval music in which one singer sang a fixed melody, and others accompanied with improvisations. The word in this sense comes from the term discantus supra librum (descant "above the book"), and is a form of Gregorian chant in which only the melody is notated but an improvised polyphony is understood. The discantus supra librum had specific rules governing the improvisation of the additional voices.

Later on, the term came to mean the treble or soprano singer in any group of voices, or the higher pitched line in a song. Eventually, by the Renaissance, descant referred generally to counterpoint. Nowadays the counterpoint meaning is the most common.

Descant can also refer to the highest pitched of a group of instruments, particularly the descant viol or recorder. Similarly, it can also be applied to the soprano clef.

In modern usage, especially in the context of church music, descant can also refer to a high, florid melody sung by a few sopranos as a decoration for a hymn.

Origin and development
In origin, discant is a style of organum that either includes a plainchant tenor part (usually on a melisma in the chant) or is used without a plainchant basis in conductus, in either case with a "note against note" upper voice, moving in contrary motion. It is not a musical form, but rather a technique. The term continued to be used down to modern times with changing senses, at first for polyphony in general, then to differentiate a subcategory of polyphony (either in contrast to organum, or for improvised as distinct from written polyphony). By extension it became the name of a part that is added above the tenor, and later as the name of the highest part in a polyphonic setting (the equivalent of "cantus", "superius", and "soprano"). Finally, it was adopted as the name of the highest register of instruments such as recorders, cornets, viols, and organ stops.

"English discant is three-voice parallelism in first-inversion triads." However, because it allowed only three, four, or at most five such chords in succession, emphasizing contrary motion as the basic condition, it "did not differ from the general European discant tradition of the time". Because English discant technique has commonly been associated with such a succession of first-inversion triads, it has inevitably become confused with fauxbourdon, with which it has "no connection whatsoever". This misinterpretation was first brought forward in 1936 by Manfred Bukofzer, but has been proved invalid, first in 1937 by Thrasybulos Georgiades, and then by Sylvia Kenney and Ernest H. Sanders. A second hypothesis, that an unwritten tradition of this kind of parallel discant existed in England before 1500, "is supported neither by factual evidence nor by probability".

In hymns
Hymn tune descants are counter-melodies, generally at a higher pitch than the main melody. Typically they are sung in the final or penultimate verse of a hymn.

Although the English Hymnal of 1906 did not include descants, this influential hymnal, whose music editor was Ralph Vaughan Williams, served as a source of tunes for which the earliest known hymn tune descants were published. These were in collections compiled by Athelstan Riley, who wrote "The effect is thrilling; it gives the curious impression of an ethereal choir joining in the worship below; and those who hear it for the first time often turn and look up at the roof!". An example of a descant from this collection (for the British national anthem) goes as follows:

Among composers of descants during 1915 to 1934 were Alan Gray, Geoffrey Shaw, and Ralph Vaughan Williams. Several of their descants appear in what is possibly the earliest hymnal to include descants, Songs of Praise (London: Oxford University Press, 1925, enlarged, 1931, reprinted 1971).

During the last quarter of the twentieth century, new editions of hymnals increased the number of included descants. For example, the influential Hymnal 1940 (Episcopal) contains no descants, whereas its successor, The Hymnal 1982, contains 32. Among other currently used hymnals, The Worshiping Church contains 29 descants; The Presbyterian Hymnal, 19; The New Century Hymnal, 10; Chalice Hymnal, 21. The Vocal Descant Edition for Worship, Third Edition (GIA Publications, 1994) offers 254 descants by composers such as Hal Hopson, David Hurd, Robert Powell, Richard Proulx, and Carl Schalk.

In the United Kingdom and elsewhere, the Carols for Choirs collection, which features descants by David Willcocks and others to well known Christmas tunes such as "O come, all ye faithful" has contributed to the enduring popularity of the genre.

12th-century Aquitanian polyphony
This style was dominant in early 12th century Aquitanian polyphony, and can be identified by the following characteristics:
 * 1) Both the tenor and upper parts move at about the same rate, using the equalitas punctorum (an approximately equal rate of movement in all the voices) with between one and three notes in the upper part to every note in the tenor part.  At the end of a phrase however, in discant style, the upper part may have more notes, thus producing a more melismatic passage at a cadence.
 * 2) Throughout the discant passages, the two parts interchange between consonant intervals: octaves, fifths.
 * 3) Discant style is characterised by the use of rhythmic modes throughout each part. In earlier types of organum, rhythm was either not notated as in organum purum, or notated in only the upper voice part, however Notre Dame composers devised a way of notating rhythm using ligatures and six different types of rhythmic modes.

Examples of this can be found in some of Léonin’s late 12th-century settings. These settings are often punctuated with passages in discant style, where both the tenor and upper voice move in modal rhythms, often the tenor part in mode 5 (two long notes) and the upper part in mode 1 (a long then short note). Therefore it is easier to imagine how discant style would have sounded, and we can make a guess as to how to recreate the settings. It is suggested by scholars such as Grout, that Léonin used this non-melismatic style in order to mirror the grandeur of Notre Dame Cathedral itself.

Current research suggests that the word 'discantus' was formed with the intention of providing a separate term for a newly developed type of polyphony. If true, then it is ironic that the newer term, "discantus", ended up being applied to the older note-against-note style, while the older word "organum" was transferred to the more innovative style of florid-against-sustained-note polyphony. This may have been partly because the 12th century was an era that believed in progress, so that the more familiar "organum" was kept for the style then considered to be the most up-to-date.

Discant in three or four voices
The development of modal rhythms enabled the progression from two part discant style to three and four part discant style. This is because, only voices, confined to a set rhythm can be combined effectively to make a set phrase. This was mainly related to Pérotin, around 1200. The parts in these three and four past settings were not necessarily related to each other. Evidence suggests that the parts were either related to the tenor part, or composed independently. Either way, this formed the first ‘composition’, and provided a foundation for development, and a new style, conductus was developed from the three and four part discant ideas.

title: Descant


text:
Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Formula One/Example race report

Please propose any major changes to this page's structure at Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Formula One, not here.


text:
Haunted Junction

Haunted Junction (HAUNTEDじゃんくしょん) is a comedy anime and manga series created by Nemu Mukudori. The manga was serialized in the monthly manga magazine Dengeki Comic Gao! by MediaWorks from 1996 to 2001. The anime, produced by Bandai Visual and Studio Deen, aired between 2 April 1997 and 25 June 1997.

Themes
This series explores some themes of folk religion such as possession, exorcism, shamanism, yurei, and yokai. In the final episode, some more existential themes are explored.

Main cast

 * Haruto Houjou (北城遥都)
 * The son of a Christian minister and president of Saitō High School's Holy Student Council. He has curly blonde hair and as the series progresses, he grows it long and keeps it in a ponytail. Though he has no spiritual powers aside of seeing ghosts, Haruto is entrusted with the seven badges of the school spirits and summons them as necessary. He hates his job and dealing with ghosts, but his attempts to resign or transfer schools are constantly sabotaged by the Chairman.  His dream is to spend one day attending classes, though his fellow student council members enjoy slacking off.  With the exception of Episode 6, every episode ends with him saying "Oh my God!"
 * The son of a Christian minister and president of Saitō High School's Holy Student Council. He has curly blonde hair and as the series progresses, he grows it long and keeps it in a ponytail. Though he has no spiritual powers aside of seeing ghosts, Haruto is entrusted with the seven badges of the school spirits and summons them as necessary. He hates his job and dealing with ghosts, but his attempts to resign or transfer schools are constantly sabotaged by the Chairman.  His dream is to spend one day attending classes, though his fellow student council members enjoy slacking off.  With the exception of Episode 6, every episode ends with him saying "Oh my God!"

 * In the manga, while Haruto still thinks he doesn't really fit in the Council in his own words, he's noticeably more mature, reliable and level-headed than his anime incarnation, and gets along somewhat better with the spirits.

 * Kazumi Ryudo (龍堂和御)
 * The son (grandson in the manga) of a Buddhist monk. His body is seen as ideal for ghosts and he is constantly possessed by the ghosts of people, animals, and demons; his friend and fellow Council member Mutsuki has to exorcise him several times a day.  He is incredibly amorous of females, particularly the Toilet Hanako of the school and all the other Toilet Hanakos. In the manga, this obsession is a family trait shared by his grandfather Taro Ryudo, owner of the shrine where Kazumi lives.
 * The son (grandson in the manga) of a Buddhist monk. His body is seen as ideal for ghosts and he is constantly possessed by the ghosts of people, animals, and demons; his friend and fellow Council member Mutsuki has to exorcise him several times a day.  He is incredibly amorous of females, particularly the Toilet Hanako of the school and all the other Toilet Hanakos. In the manga, this obsession is a family trait shared by his grandfather Taro Ryudo, owner of the shrine where Kazumi lives.

 * Mutsuki Asahina (朝比奈睦月)
 * The tomboyish, strongwilled daughter of the proprietors of a Shinto shrine, and a miko (shrine priestess) in her own right. Redhaired, pretty, and rather curvy, she is a master of exorcism. She has an aggressive shotacon tendence, an attraction to young boys, and Nino is often a target of this. Although Mutsuki is not the main character or the de facto leader of the Holy Student Council, she is more confident than Haruto and frequently takes charge of situations. She can use her prayer stick as a weapon, and frequently expels spirits out of Kazumi using her "Asahina Special" exorcism attack.
 * The tomboyish, strongwilled daughter of the proprietors of a Shinto shrine, and a miko (shrine priestess) in her own right. Redhaired, pretty, and rather curvy, she is a master of exorcism. She has an aggressive shotacon tendence, an attraction to young boys, and Nino is often a target of this. Although Mutsuki is not the main character or the de facto leader of the Holy Student Council, she is more confident than Haruto and frequently takes charge of situations. She can use her prayer stick as a weapon, and frequently expels spirits out of Kazumi using her "Asahina Special" exorcism attack.

Shingo Oumi (Manga-Only)
 * Shingo makes his first appearance in Volume 2 of the manga series during the introduction of the Blue Hanten, but he soon becomes a recurring main character as of Volume 3. Shingo is a much more easy-going, laid back, fellow of the group that usually lightens the mood with a more friendly style of teasing. While he does attend a different High School, he has become good friends with Haruto and the other members of the Holy student council through an adventure dealing with his younger brother and a Teke Teke imposter. As such, he is often found helping out and tagging along on all of the adventures and mysteries that follow soon after. Shingo uses Tarot cards to predict the future and uses a large knowledge of folklore and other background information to help the others.

School spirits

 * Nino (二ノ君)
 * A boy spirit found in a statue of Ninomiya Sontoku (a common statue seen at many Japanese schools). He is very intelligent and he (for example) takes rule books as comedy books. Mutsuki adores him and he is the frequent target of her shotacon antics. His badge color is yellow.
 * A boy spirit found in a statue of Ninomiya Sontoku (a common statue seen at many Japanese schools). He is very intelligent and he (for example) takes rule books as comedy books. Mutsuki adores him and he is the frequent target of her shotacon antics. His badge color is yellow.

 * Red Mantle (赤マント仮面)
 * A male spirit who wears a red cape and a white eye mask. His charms are said to be irresistible to women, though he has no power over Asahina because she prefers younger boys. His visual similarities to Sailor Moon's Tuxedo Kamen is made more explicit in an episode mid-way through the series when he is enlisted to distract a trio of ghosts calling themselves the Sailors XO and is even briefly depicted wearing a top hat, which he complains about.  He also has a sister named Blue Hanten.  He wears a mask over his eyes because his beauty is so overwhelming that everyone regardless of gender or preference falls in love with him, causing headaches and fevers as the effects wear off.  His badge color is red.
 * A male spirit who wears a red cape and a white eye mask. His charms are said to be irresistible to women, though he has no power over Asahina because she prefers younger boys. His visual similarities to Sailor Moon's Tuxedo Kamen is made more explicit in an episode mid-way through the series when he is enlisted to distract a trio of ghosts calling themselves the Sailors XO and is even briefly depicted wearing a top hat, which he complains about.  He also has a sister named Blue Hanten.  He wears a mask over his eyes because his beauty is so overwhelming that everyone regardless of gender or preference falls in love with him, causing headaches and fevers as the effects wear off.  His badge color is red.

 * Giant (踊る巨人)
 * A male giant spirit, seen almost exclusively from the knees down. He is known as the "Dancing Giant" and is the "master" of the school's gym. He wears olive trousers and brown dress shoes. His badge color is purple.
 * A male giant spirit, seen almost exclusively from the knees down. He is known as the "Dancing Giant" and is the "master" of the school's gym. He wears olive trousers and brown dress shoes. His badge color is purple.

 * Bones Suzuki (鈴木ジンコツ) and Haruo Sato (佐藤はるお)
 * Voiced by: Hisayoshi Izaki (Suzuki) and Yutaka Shimaka (Haruo)
 * These two spirits show up as a team, since they are the bones and the internal organs of an anatomical model of a human being. They are generally completely incompetent and make the situations they are summoned to help far worse. Their badge color is dark green, though in Episode 5, the duo state that the badge color is iridescent and can be seen as any color.

 * Mirror Girl (鏡子)
 * A girl spirit of the mirror. She appears very rarely in the series, but is the quietest and most normal of the ghosts. Her badge color is orange. In the manga she has several mirror-related powers, using them to teleport people through different ones and showing others what's reflected in different glasses.
 * A girl spirit of the mirror. She appears very rarely in the series, but is the quietest and most normal of the ghosts. Her badge color is orange. In the manga she has several mirror-related powers, using them to teleport people through different ones and showing others what's reflected in different glasses.

 * Toilet Hanako/Hanako Hasegawa (長谷川花子)
 * A scantily-clad teenaged female spirit who dwells in a disused men's toilet in the high school. Toilet Hanako is one of the most popular school spirits having been voted No. 1 for 562 weeks on the spirit world's "School Spirits' Top Ten" voting program. Kazumi is obsessed with her. She once was the golden student of the school, not only beautiful but very athletic, smart and charismatic.  Her badge color is pink. Her father, Hanasaku, was himself a popular school spirit as well.
 * A scantily-clad teenaged female spirit who dwells in a disused men's toilet in the high school. Toilet Hanako is one of the most popular school spirits having been voted No. 1 for 562 weeks on the spirit world's "School Spirits' Top Ten" voting program. Kazumi is obsessed with her. She once was the golden student of the school, not only beautiful but very athletic, smart and charismatic.  Her badge color is pink. Her father, Hanasaku, was himself a popular school spirit as well.

 * The Chairman (理事長)
 * The chairman of the school, named Tatsugoro Saitō, is also a spirit, who can be summoned along with the others. He instructs the three members of the Holy Student Council to gather the badges for him, thus starting the series.  He collects haunted artifacts from all over the world, thus continually increasing the number of ghosts that inhabit the halls.  His badge color is dark blue.
 * The chairman of the school, named Tatsugoro Saitō, is also a spirit, who can be summoned along with the others. He instructs the three members of the Holy Student Council to gather the badges for him, thus starting the series.  He collects haunted artifacts from all over the world, thus continually increasing the number of ghosts that inhabit the halls.  His badge color is dark blue.

Weeping Beethoven (ベートーベンの肖像画) (Manga-only)
 * He's the ghost who takes care of the music room; he's a living portrait of Ludwig van Beethoven who weeps tears of blood. He seems to have a good share of knowledge about ghosts themselves, though not rivaling the Chairman's. In the manga, he's the one who has the dark green badge and not Suzuki and Sato.

Video game

 * Haunted Junction: Seitokai Batch o Oe!, a puzzle game developed by C.P. Brain and published by MediaWorks for the PlayStation, in 1997.

title: Haunted Junction


text:
Talk:Regulatory economics

Untitled
Anyone up for creating an article on history of American government intervention in the economy? I think it would serve well to dispell the myth, that seems to be going around, that the U.S. economy used to be a laissez-faire sytem. RJII 19:27, 21 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Agreed. Also, why does this article have a longer criticism portion than the actual article.RVRLaw (talk) 12:11, 8 July 2011 (UTC)

Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
This article is or was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): Bcambri95, McKenzieRich, Graycake, Rosi3fish, Mckenzierichar. Peer reviewers: Shainamarco, Jcassidy6147, Martin niemiec.

Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT (talk) 07:57, 17 January 2022 (UTC)

Intro
I've suggested a version of the intro that suggests various reasons for regulation, while not being assuming any of them. What do people think? How could I improve this? Best, Meelar (talk) 21:05, August 24, 2005 (UTC)

Added "Regulatory Capture" for context
I added "Regulatory Capture" to the Lead for context because for one reason, "regulation" seems to be defined here with no context, in a vacuum as if say, the properties of "regulation" were undiluted, or fixed in stone or even omnipotent. Regulatory Capture is one way to put it back in the context of the real world and suggest another way that regulatory agencies and regulations may effect the actual population. --69.110.90.54 (talk) 21:53, 27 July 2013 (UTC)Doug Bashford

Dr. Cebula's comment on this article
Dr. Cebula has reviewed this Wikipedia page, and provided us with the following comments to improve its quality:

"A significant improvement can be made in this article by focusing on the attributes of good quality regulation as opposed to regulation for its own sake or naive or destructive and unnecessarily limiting regulations. Cebula, et. al., April 2014, American J. of Econ & Sociology, provide compelling evidence of the value of good quality regulation in promoting a haelthy environment for investment and environmental stability. See also the article by Mixon, et al. same issue, regarding the EPA."

We hope Wikipedians on this talk page can take advantage of these comments and improve the quality of the article accordingly.

Dr. Cebula has published scholarly research which seems to be relevant to this Wikipedia article:

 * Reference : Cebula, Richard & Clark, Jeff, 2014. "Economic Freedom, Regulatory Quality, Taxation, and Living Standards," MPRA Paper 58108, University Library of Munich, Germany.

ExpertIdeasBot (talk) 00:10, 26 May 2015 (UTC)

Dr. Calzolari's comment on this article
Dr. Calzolari has reviewed this Wikipedia page, and provided us with the following comments to improve its quality:

"The general feeling of this article is that (i) it misses some economics reasoning, (ii) it is more inclined in presenting to cons of regulation than the pros. Important references that should be cited and referred to are: The Oxford Handbook of Regulation, Edited by Robert Baldwin, Martin Cave, and Martin Lodge Print Publication Date: Sep 2010 Economics of Regulation and Antitrust, Fourth Edition, by W. Kip Viscusi, John M. Vernon and Joseph E. Harrington, MIT Press Regulatory Reform, Economic Analysis and British Experience, by Mark Armstrong, Simon Cowan and John Stuart Vickers, 1994 MIT Press

This reference on informational issue “regulation and multipart tariffs.[2]” is incomplete. The correct reference should be to the book A Theory of Incentives in Procurement and Regulation, by Jean-Jacques Laffont and Jean Tirole, 1994 MIT Press."

We hope Wikipedians on this talk page can take advantage of these comments and improve the quality of the article accordingly.

We believe Dr. Calzolari has expertise on the topic of this article, since he has published relevant scholarly research:

 * Reference : Carlo Scarpa & Giacomo Calzolari, 2009. "On Regulation and Competition: Pros and Cons of a Diversified Monopolist," Working Papers 2009.55, Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei.

ExpertIdeasBot (talk) 15:36, 24 August 2016 (UTC)

POL 150C Peer Review
The article is generally well written and I found no spelling or grammar problems. What should possibly be worked on is an expansion of certain key areas and concepts within the article. The idea of information asymmetry is not thoroughly explained and could do with an expansion. Likewise the section involving regulatory capture should highlight that another typical issue with regulation is that many of the regulators often come from the industry they are regulating and so have prexisting ties. There were also a few statements which did not appear to be directly cited and should have their citations added. Other than that the article looks well conceived and formatted. JarrodE (talk) 05:38, 23 February 2017 (UTC)
 * Thank you for the detailed feedback! It gives us a lot to focus on. Bcambri95 (talk) 18:55, 24 February 2017 (UTC)

Another Bit of Peer Review
I noticed some sections were missing citations, maybe you could find something in this paper or its sources? https://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/A:1013661106129 Maybe you could list some examples of regulatory capture? This one might help with the deregulation section: https://academic.oup.com/qje/article/114/4/1437/1934050/What-Drives-Deregulation-Economics-and-Politics-of I don't know if this is neutral enough, but perhaps you could mention democratic and republican views in the proponents and opponents section, since there tends to be a split along those lines. Otherwise looks pretty good! Martin niemiec (talk) 07:15, 25 February 2017 (UTC)
 * Thank you for providing resources with your recommendations! This should help us make the information stronger. Bcambri95 (talk) 23:02, 25 February 2017 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Regulatory economics


text:
USS Mount Vernon (1859)

The first USS Mount Vernon was a wooden-screw steamer in the United States Navy.

Mount Vernon was built at Brooklyn, New York, in 1859; chartered by the Navy in May 1861 for three months; purchased by the Navy at New York on 12 September 1861; and commissioned at New York, Commander Oliver S. Glisson in command.

Service history
After charter, Mount Vernon convoyed two steamers and two sailing ships to the Gulf of Mexico in May. While in the gulf, she took brigantine East, suspected of communicating with Confederate-held shore territory, and towed damaged Parkersburg from Pensacola, Florida to Key West. Ordered to Fortress Monroe, Virginia, 3 July, Mount Vernon gave refuge to Unionists preparing to travel north.

From 17 July, Mount Vernon patrolled in and off the Rappahannock River, capturing sloop Wild Pigeon in an attempted escape at night 20 July. On 1 September she sailed for Mobjack Bay to relieve USS Daylight (1859), and in November proceeded to Beaufort, North Carolina. She engaged British schooner Phantom off Cape Lookout 2 December, and on the 31st sent an armed party to aid in firing a ship being used by the Confederates as a beacon.

In continued blockade and patrol service off North Carolina, Mount Vernon took British schooners British Queen on 1 March 1862 and Mary Jane on 24 March 1863. With USS Cambridge (1860) and USS Fernandina (1861), Mount Vernon chased Confederate schooner Kate ashore near Fort Casswell 2 April, and later in the month captured St. George.

After joining in the attack on Confederate batteries at Sewell's Point 2 May, Mount Vernon returned to blockade duty, playing a key role in the Navy's efforts to block the flow of materials from overseas and from one point to another in the Confederacy. She took Constitution 23 May, forced an unknown schooner to ground and set herself on fire 26 June, then in July took up close blockade of New Inlet and Little River Inlet. With Cambridge, in December Mount Vernon chased another schooner ashore, a feat duplicated on 12 June 1863. Mount Vernon, USS James Adger (1851), and USS Iroquois (1859) together cut out a blockade runner on 1 August near New Inlet.

Arriving Newport News, Virginia early in 1864, Mount Vernon remained there until May 1864. She was in the group of Union ships attacked by North Carolina off the mouth of Cape Fear River in May, and she searched for Florida in July. She joined in the abortive attack on Fort Fisher 23 and 24 December, and renewed the attack in mid-January 1865.

Decommissioning at New York City on 27 June 1865, she was sold at public auction 12 July 1865.

title: USS Mount Vernon (1859)


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Spoffle

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was Delete --Allen3 talk 22:17, August 28, 2005 (UTC)

Spoffle
A dictionary definition of a non-word. Google mainly recounts the same Fry and Laurie anecdote. Secretlondon 19:29, 21 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Niteowlneils 21:37, 21 August 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Spoffle


text:
Flail (disambiguation)

A flail is an agricultural implement for threshing.

Flail may also refer to:
 * Flail (weapon), a ball-on-a-chain bludgeon wielded with one hand by armored knights in single combat or medieval battles
 * Flail, the cutting part in some designs of brush hog, stump grinder, and woodchipper
 * Mine flail, a vehicle mounted device for removing land mines

title: Flail (disambiguation)


text:
Wikipedia:Requests for arbitration/DreamGuy/Statement

Statement by User:Gavin the Chosen
as stated above, i have tried EVERYTHING i can think of to make this problem stop, nothing works. sure i have my problems, but i am really trying to work on them, so please dont let my own RFA cloud this issue, iots not about me. here are some things that id think would proove his incivillity: (m leaving out his second RFC though, because that would be exhaustive) claiming poor judgement on someone elses behalf, very rudely http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Mother_goddess&diff=prev&oldid=16641291

rude edit summary - http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Minnesota_State_University_Mankato&diff=prev&oldid=8784910

overkill, biting newbies - http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:DreamGuy&diff=prev&oldid=8177699

unwarrented deletionism - http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Patricia_Cornwell&diff=prev&oldid=8177649

seems to think that other research hes not aware of is a bias - http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:DreamGuy&diff=prev&oldid=8178083

self rigtous, delusioned into beleiving hes n9t being rude. - http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Patricia_Cornwell&diff=prev&oldid=8178534

and - http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:DreamGuy&diff=prev&oldid=8179288

more newbie biting http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Patricia_Cornwell&diff=prev&oldid=8203785

trying to fight consensus - http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:DreamGuy&diff=prev&oldid=8203530

claiming harrassment when there clearly isnt any - http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:DreamGuy&diff=prev&oldid=8209884

shows oversensitivty towards othersa, calling perosnal atacks when there wasnt one to be found http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Kevin_Baas&diff=prev&oldid=8246814

possible case of not seeing consensus being agsint him - http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Deluge_%28mythology%29&diff=prev&oldid=8455443

drove a user away from an article - http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Melusine&diff=prev&oldid=15536835

first RFC agsint him, doesnt uderstnad what harrassment is - http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Requests_for_comment/DreamGuy&diff=prev&oldid=8522422

also, i have noticed a large portion of his edits go totally undiscussed on the talk pages

refusal to see others perspective - http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Therianthropy&diff=prev&oldid=9070432

and

http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Therianthropy&diff=prev&oldid=9089458

narrow minded definition http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Basilisk&diff=prev&oldid=10099445

beoing stubborn - http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Therianthropy&diff=prev&oldid=10135241

edit summary is a personal attack against all neopagans - http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Moon_%28mythology%29&diff=prev&oldid=10139498

miscomprehsnion of, well , everything in the article, through personal bias - http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Moon_%28mythology%29&diff=prev&oldid=10143614

unfonunded allegation in edit summary, bodrering personal attacks - http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Moon_%28mythology%29&diff=prev&oldid=11610875

dpoesnt sem to want to negociate at all, just bull- charge through - http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Therianthropy&diff=prev&oldid=10166513

rude edit summary, overzealous content - http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Valhalla%2C_New_York&diff=prev&oldid=10398423

refusa; to negocite, refusal to see beniofit of such, andrefusal to see beyond persnal hatred. http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Myth&diff=prev&oldid=10591825

whe losing an argument, tries for a pity party - http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Myth&diff=prev&oldid=10634374

edit summary cleraly shows his lack of willkingness to discuss - http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ghost&diff=prev&oldid=10757590

refusal not to engage in edit warring - http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cerberus&diff=prev&oldid=13386926

edit summary, highly insulting refuses to take warnings seriously - http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:DreamGuy&diff=prev&oldid=13266489

insulting summary, refusing to see good will and good faith of oters - http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:DreamGuy&diff=prev&oldid=13249961

and http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:DreamGuy&diff=prev&oldid=13184030

and http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:DreamGuy&diff=prev&oldid=13174021

and http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:DreamGuy&diff=prev&oldid=13173743

blantantly lies - http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:DreamGuy&diff=prev&oldid=13137983

clearn;ly doenst understand MY intention of asking the single question, resulting in strange, rude behaviour - http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:DreamGuy&diff=prev&oldid=12859625

when i trid to help him, by pointing out when he could avoid valdalsim, he called me one http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:DreamGuy&diff=prev&oldid=12858494

and http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:DreamGuy&diff=prev&oldid=12858640

and

me starting to get al little annoyed at the lack of repsonse - http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:DreamGuy&diff=prev&oldid=12833071

tries to cite origional research policey for ghis own purposes, while still tothis day, refusing to cite sources for his medical perspectives section and clinical lycanthropy linkage - http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Otherkin&diff=prev&oldid=12949403

antoher editor offers to cease hostillites, and this is what he gets - http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:DreamGuy&diff=prev&oldid=12767423

(here i was trying to be of assistance, and he refused to see how his actions might be problematic)

calling me a vandal for asking simplest of questions which he refused and still refuses to answer - http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:DreamGuy&diff=prev&oldid=12549865

and http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:DreamGuy&diff=prev&oldid=12600038

refused to see how he was vandalissiong - http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vampire_lifestyle&diff=prev&oldid=12734802

removes comments with uncivil edit sumamry, when later, will be very very upset when poeople remove his commetns from thier pages, even when polite - http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:DreamGuy&diff=prev&oldid=12730922

please examine this edit summary of his, VERY inmcuviil, trying to hide behind acronyms, and is unaplologetic http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:DreamGuy&diff=prev&oldid=12648494

many users try to make peace, all he does is get mad http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:DreamGuy&diff=prev&oldid=12600038

claimes that showing respect to groups, is nonsense http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Gabrielsimon&diff=prev&oldid=12405782

clearly misundestands what vandalsims is - http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:DreamGuy&diff=prev&oldid=12550707

not to mention how he casued a lot of trouble when going agsint consensus on vampire  and vampire fiction, by moving an entire swction without asking anyone, then  claiming people who were trying to re add it eere " creating fork sections"

and then theres his troublesome POV pushing on Vampire Lifestyle, charactorized by thios http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Vampire_lifestyle&diff=prev&oldid=14829126

more then one person getting anoyed with him by this point, yet he refuses to respond or even attempt to meet anyone at the middle - http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:DreamGuy&diff=prev&oldid=15090686

insults my skills in edit summary - http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vampire_lifestyle&diff=prev&oldid=15090586

rrefuses to discuss things when hes wrong, citing harassment which doenst exist -(il ladmit i sound pretty annoyed by this point, but he WOULDNT listen, and wouldnt stop POV pushing, so i was getting cross) http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:DreamGuy&diff=prev&oldid=15091351

and http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:DreamGuy&diff=prev&oldid=15091561

totally refuses to discuss problems other editors have with him ( see edit summary) hides behind flase claims of harassment and vadlalism - http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:DreamGuy&diff=prev&oldid=15092193

he called me a vandal, so i tried to remove anything i posted there, to try to appease, whats he do? he re adds anything he wnated to see - http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:DreamGuy&diff=prev&oldid=15137463

then there is the wehole fiasco where he moved missing sun myth to missing sun motif without discussion of any kinbd and got relaly uopset ant any user to tried to undo that.

he just gets worse and worse from there.

he, at the end of his SECOND RFC promised to become civil, this has obviously failed.

that is the reason for this RFA request.

he refuased to accept a possible solution of me having Otherkinb and Therianthropy to wesdit, and leaving him with well, everythuing else on his list, which includes " vampire fiction, Vampire, witchcraft, werewolf, werewolf fiction, and others. I unwatched all but the ones i wished to keep, when slimvirgin asked me to, ( which, to be specific, were only OTherkin, and Theerianthropy) as a show of good faith.,  he refused to have anything to do with it, in the summary ill show here .http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:DreamGuy&diff=prev&oldid=21387317 and  http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:SlimVirgin&diff=prev&oldid=21387172

complete lack of civillity.... check slimvirgin's talk page history for more inciuvillioty towards ADMINS, and on his talk page as well

the follown is from a conversation i had with Elvenscout, that im trying to repost from an email as other proofs, in order to show that this isnt about just me and him. anything from here on down is from ElvenScouts point of view.

is an example of DreamGuy not willing to admit that he has not won any argument, making a personal attack on a number of users (calling Llywrch and Paul August "clueless"), alleging that I (Elvenscout742) was removing a "correct definition" of the word "mythology" (in the article of that name) even though I just want to enforce consensus by also including the more common definition, alleging I have no such consensus and making a personal attack against me (by referring to my "bullheadedness").

is an example of DreamGuy blanking my response to 1 above without responding. (I added his comment and my response back in since then, only to have the page blanked again.)

The recent history of the discussion page for the Mythology article is littered with another destructive conflict, this time over DreamGuy refusing to allow the article to include any reference to a particular definition (the more commonly used one) of the word. I have cited many sources, including a number of general dictionaries, one "specialized reference for the field in question" (as DreamGuy has said) and the works of several scholars in the field that support what I say, but he has yet to give any real evidence to justify his PoV other than claims that the mythologists to which I refer were not real mythologists and some ominous references to the "people in the field" who despise them. The closest he's come to naming any specific sources in this area is to ask me if I have read any "classical authors", which I can only assume is in reference to ancient Greek and Roman writers (like Homer and Hesiod) - not serious scientists in this field at all - as he has not responded to my pointing this out in over four weeks, and seems unwilling to actually discuss anything. This seems like an attempt to provoke another edit war in the actual article (something I have no intention of doing) so he can earn more sympathy from outside parties. He is leaving those who disagree with his unproven ideas no choice but to revert his edits, as he has not returned to the Talk page even after I asked him to do so [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk%3ADreamGuy&diff=21329277&oldid=21324397 here].

I had not said everyone else was wrong - perhaps the result of DreamGuy's delusions that everyone is on his side. I do not refuse to compromise if it is for good, but the use of awkward wording solely to appease DreamGuy (and only DreamGuy) when consensus is obviously against him is not for good. (Two outside parties have posted their opinions on this dispute, and, both siding with me, both to be insulted by DreamGuy when I pointed this, and the fact that noone there agrees with him. He claims he has a consensus against me and I have lost the argument, evn though it is currently - as of 11:15, 21 August 2005 (UTC) - at a standstill because he refuses to return to the table.)


text:
User talk:Edweerd

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! Alf 19:30, 21 August 2005 (UTC)
 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
 * Help pages
 * Tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Manual of Style

title: User talk:Edweerd


text: User talk:81.131.231.234

title: User talk:81.131.231.234


text: User:Dsmdgold/Good bird pictures

title: User:Dsmdgold/Good bird pictures


text:
Flail

A flail is an agricultural tool used for threshing, the process of separating grains from their husks.

It is usually made from two or more large sticks attached by a short chain; one stick is held and swung, causing the other (the swipple) to strike a pile of grain, loosening the husks. The precise dimensions and shape of flails were determined by generations of farmers to suit the particular grain they were harvesting. For example, flails used by farmers in Quebec to process wheat were generally made from two pieces of wood, the handle being about 1.5 m long by 3 cm in diameter, and the second stick being about 1 m long by about 3 cm in diameter, with a slight taper towards the end. Flails for other grains, such as rice or spelt, would have had different dimensions.

Flails have generally fallen into disuse in many nations because of the availability of technologies such as combine harvesters that require much less manual labour. But in many places, such as Minnesota, wild rice can only be harvested legally using manual means, specifically through the use of a canoe and a flail that is made of smooth, round wood no more than 30 inches long.

Non-agricultural uses
As with most agricultural tools, flails were often used as weapons by farmers lacking better weapons. The flail is proposed as one of the origins of the two-piece baton known in the Okinawan kobudō weapon system as the nunchaku. The first recorded use of a flail as a weapon was at the siege of Damietta in 1218 during the Fifth Crusade, as depicted in the chronicle by Matthew Paris; tradition has it the man was the Frisian Hayo of Wolvega who bashed the standard bearer of the Muslim defenders with it and captured the flag. Flails were also used as weapons by farmers under the leadership of Jan Žižka during the 15th-century Hussite Wars in Bohemia.

In ancient Egypt the flail was a symbol associated with the pharaoh, symbolizing the monarch's ability to provide for the people.

title: Flail


text:
User:Soczewa~enwiki

Hello! I was born in 1989 in Goleniów, Poland and I've been living there till now. I can help English Wikipedia particulary in Poland-related articles. I translate also from English to Polish Wikipedia. My next project on English Wikipedia is to broaden the article about my town Goleniów and put also some photos of my town taken by me. I'm interested in: geography, football (I'm a supporter of Pogoń Szczecin, Ina Goleniów and Legia Warszawa), languages (I speak fluently English and Russian, German and Spanish - lower level). I'm still a student of I LO in Goleniów.

pl:Wikipedysta:Soczewa ru:Участник:Maks Soczewa

title: User:Soczewa~enwiki


text:
Adam Fox (poet)

Adam Fox (1883–1977), Canon, was the Dean of Divinity at Magdalen College, Oxford. He was one of the first members of the literary group "Inklings". He was Oxford Professor of Poetry and later he became Canon of Westminster Abbey. He was also warden of Radley College.

Biography
He was headmaster of the Radley College (1918–1924). Between 1938 and 1942 he was Oxford Professor of Poetry. Later he became Canon of Westminster Abbey and he is buried there in Poets' Corner.

During his time at Oxford, he wrote his long poem in four books "Old King Coel". It gets its name from King Cole, legendary British father of the Roman Empress Helena, the mother of the Emperor Constantine. As Professor of Poetry, Fox advocated poetry which is intelligible to readers, and gives enough pleasure to be read again.

He was one of the first members of the "Inklings", a literary group which also included C. S. Lewis and J. R. R. Tolkien. In his 1945 Plato for Pleasure, he tried to introduce the general public to Plato. Fox wished to make Plato well known among the English Classics once again and hoped that people would study the platonic dialogues, as well as the plays of Shakespeare. His biography of William Ralph Inge, the theologian, philosopher and Dean of St. Paul's Cathedral, was awarded the 1960 James Tait Black Memorial Prize soon after its publication.

The (UK) Times of 19 Jan 1977 (issue No. 59911) carries a detailed obituary.

title: Adam Fox (poet)


text:
Talk:DMS-100

Request for cleanup
Most of the text in this page is from hackcanada.com; if someone can write anything more (history of its use, etc) it would be really awesome =). --Kooky | Talk 19:32, 21 August 2005 (UTC)

 * This appears to be OK now. ~KvnG 00:26, 29 September 2014 (UTC)

Curious info
While working at a company in Colorado(no names), the DMS-100 switches from mostly all baby bells were updated for E-911 related info using of all protocols dialup _Kermit_ from a Tandem, now HP non-stop system. I bet all that is still used today. They have this nice huge map of the US and Canada and all the 911 calls are displayed real-time on the map. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.141.226.41 (talk • contribs) 15 October 2006

History of DMS Switching.
Nortel's (Northern Telecom) Digital Multiplex System went first into service for Bell Canada (Bell), a partner in the development along with Bell Northern Research (BNR). The first was a DMS-10 switch in a small community Embrun just outside of Ottawa, Canada. This took place in the mid 1970's. This was followed by the first toll office DMS-200 (VO1)at 78 Oconnor, Ottawa and the first DMS-100 (VO2) went into service at 190 Iona St. Ottawa in late 1979. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 67.70.106.105 (talk) 22:08, 9 January 2008 (UTC)

 * Can you provide a source for verification, please? Thanks! — DragonHawk (talk|hist) 19:45, 10 January 2008 (UTC)

External links modified
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 * Added archive http://web.archive.org/web/20050224003353/http://www.nortelnetworks.com:80/products/01/dms100ssp/ to http://www.nortelnetworks.com/products/01/dms100ssp/

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Nortel Meridian II
Is this the same thing as a Nortel Meridian II? I'm familiar with Meridian business phone systems, but there's something called a Meridian II, which I understand is a central office switch. I can't find anything about this on the internet. 139.138.6.121 (talk) 02:36, 26 December 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:DMS-100


text:
Russell Rowe

Russell Daniel Rowe (December 1, 1914 – September 21, 1994 ) was a Canadian politician who served as Speaker of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1974 to 1977.

Background
Born in Campbellford, Ontario, the son of Harold Rowe and Elizabeth Jane Roe, he was educated at Campbellford High School and Queen's University. Rowe served as a pilot in the Royal Canadian Air Force during World War II. After leaving the military he worked as a teacher and stockbroker. He married Marjorie Emma McKeown in 1942 and they had six children. Rowe died at home in Cobourg, Ontario.

Politics
Rowe was elected to the Legislative Assembly of Ontario in the 1963 provincial election as the Progressive Conservative Member of Provincial Parliament (MPP) for Northumberland riding.

He was appointed Deputy Speaker in 1971 by Bill Davis and also chaired the select committee on economic and cultural nationalism in Canada. In 1974, he was appointed Speaker after Allan Reuter was forced to resign due to poor health. It was during Rowe's term that the Speaker was given the added responsibility of administering the staff and operations of the legislative buildings and grounds.

The 1975 provincial election produced Ontario's first minority government in thirty years presenting Rowe with a challenging and rowdy session. He was a popular speaker, however, considered "sweet-tempered" by MPPs on both sides of the House.

Rowe was appointed to a third term as Speaker following the 1977 election (which produced a second minority) but resigned shortly into the session to resume his seat on the backbench. He retired from politics before the 1981 general election. In 1983, he was named to the Liquor Control Board of Ontario.

title: Russell Rowe


text:
Talk:Road traffic in Denmark

Yeah, sorry about the km/t instead of km/h. Baaaaahhh me! G®iffen 19:33, 21 August 2005 (UTC)

Prejudicial
This article has a somewhat editorial, prejudicial opinion at the base of it, as if not written by a Dane, but hurtful of them.

In addition, I was hoping this article would address what requirements are for allowing United States' drivers' licenses (for example, or other countries), for their drivers.(said Macetw at 3. jan 2007)

 * Actually the last lines, "Unfortunately road rage is increasing in larger cities, and in general danes don't allow "planned mistakes" in the traffic, and even minor imperfections could lead to traffic harassment. Somehow many danes take it that the area from the rear wheels and ahead to 25 meters in front of the car is their kingdom, but the area from rear wheels and back does hardly exist - especially when overtaking slow drivers." ARE written by a dane (me) who drives in Copenhagen and suburbs daily as a truck driver. It's meant as kind of a warning, since many people are surprised about the "bitterness" when someone makes a mistake, planned or not. Wherever I go, London, Paris, Barcelona, Hong Kong, I never see this behaviour as a common part of driving, but I do in Denmark. G®iffen 20:32, 4 February 2007 (UTC)

 * Thanks for the advice, me and my girlfriend will be driving over Denmark soon and this is useful, especially the last parts.--194.251.240.116 09:47, 28 February 2007 (UTC)

 * However, it was unreferenced and so removed. RJFJR (talk) 20:50, 31 October 2010 (UTC)

title: Talk:Road traffic in Denmark


text:
Talk:Bantik language

Untitled
The 'special person' definition was made by the same user who elsewhere contributed: ''E is the sound rummored to be the sound made by fictional bunnys (rabbits) when they are happy or sad. All that the bunnys say is E, the intenation however reflects their mood''.

title: Talk:Bantik language


text: User talk:59.92.110.139

title: User talk:59.92.110.139


text:
Murray Chandler

Murray Graham Chandler (born 4 April 1960, Wellington, New Zealand) is a New Zealand chess grandmaster. In the 1980s, he gained British citizenship and represented England at six Chess Olympiads. He has since returned to New Zealand. Chandler is also known as a chess writer, chess publishing executive and occasional organiser of chess tournaments.

Career
Chandler won the New Zealand chess championship in 1975–76, and qualified as an International Master in 1977 by winning the first Asian Junior Chess Championship in Baguio. His first international chess appearance was in 1974 when he turned out for the New Zealand team in the first Asian Team Chess Championship in Penang, Malaysia. Later, he represented New Zealand at the Chess Olympiads of 1976, 1978 and 1980 but then switched allegiance to England. He played for England at the Chess Olympiads of 1982, 1984, 1986, 1988, 1990 and 1992, as part of a highly successful team that defeated the Soviets in some crucial encounters. He qualified for the grandmaster title in 1983, and maintained an Elo rating around the 2600 level between 1987 and 1992.

Amongst Chandler's best results have been Commonwealth Champion (twice – jointly in 1984 and outright in 1987 ), first place at Brighton 1981, first place in the Blackpool Zonal of 1990, tie for first place, Lloyds Bank Masters 1979, tie for first place, Hastings Premier 1986/7, and tied for second place (behind Anatoly Karpov), London 1984. He also played for the Rest of World team versus the Soviet Union in 1984 and tied first at the British Chess Championship of 1986, but lost the play-off match for the title.

One curiosity is his lifetime score of two wins, no draws, no losses against Garry Kasparov. One win was in the World Under-16 Championship in 1976, and the other in a simultaneous display in 1985.

Chandler was editor of British Chess Magazine from 1991 to 1999. In the late 1990s, he also set up Gambit Publications, a publisher of high quality chess books that has received good reviews from all quarters. Fellow Gambit directors were England teammate John Nunn and FIDE Master-cum-author, Graham Burgess. The company now has a large back-catalogue containing contributions from all three directors and from a host of other respected chess writers. Books like Modern Chess Strategy by John L. Watson have been highly acclaimed and Chandler's own How To Beat Your Dad At Chess is a very large seller. He also produced VHS and DVD material for Bad Bishop Ltd., a company related to Gambit, including a repertoire against the Nc6 Sicilian, based on the early Bb5 lines.

He returned to New Zealand in 2006, winning his second New Zealand Chess Championship that year and a third champion's title in 2008. He has now reverted his player registration to the New Zealand Federation, making him eligible once more to play for his country of birth.

In 2013, he purchased the old Saint Paul's church in Auckland, converting it into a chess coaching centre.

In the 2017 New Year Honours, Chandler was appointed a Member of the New Zealand Order of Merit for services to chess.

Notable games
Chandler's 23.e6 is difficult to find, as it appears that the square is defended four ways. None of the available captures are satisfactory, however, making it equally difficult to meet.

Chandler vs. Helgi Ólafsson, Hastings 1990/1991; Ruy Lopez, Worrall Attack 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.0-0 Be7 6.Qe2 b5 7.Bb3 0-0 8.c3 d6 9.d4 Bg4 10.Rd1 Qc8 11.a4 b4 12.a5 bxc3 13.bxc3 Rb8 14.Bc4 exd4 15.cxd4 Nxa5 16.Rxa5 Rxb1 17.e5 dxe5 18.dxe5 Ne8 19.Rxa6 Rb6 20.Ra4 c5 21.h3 Bh5 22.Ra7 Nc7 23.e6 Bf6 24.e7 Re8 25.Rd8 Rxd8 26.Rxc7 Qb8 27.exd8=Q+ Qxd8 28.Bf4 g5 29.Bg3 Rb2 30.Qd3 Qa8 31.Qd7 Qa1+ 32.Kh2 Rb1 33.Bxf7+ Kh8 34.Qe8+ Kg7 35.Bg6+

A teenaged Chandler defeats future world champion Garry Kasparov.

Murray Chandler vs. Gary Kasparov, Wattignies 1976; Sicilian Defence, Alapin Variation 1.e4 c5 2.c3 Nf6 3.e5 Nd5 4.d4 Nc6 5.Nf3 cxd4 6.cxd4 e6 7.a3 d6 8.Bd3 Qa5+ 9.Bd2 Qb6 10.Nc3 Nxc3 11.Bxc3 dxe5 12.dxe5 Be7 13.0-0 Bd7 14.Nd2 Qc7 15.Qg4 0-0-0 16.Rfc1 Kb8 17.Qc4 Rc8 18.b4 f6 19.Nf3 Qb6 20.Qe4 f5 21.Qe1 a6 22.Rab1 g5 23.Nd2 Nd4 24.Qe3 Rxc3 25.Rxc3 f4 26.Qe1 g4 27.Ne4 Bc6 28.Nc5 Ka7 29.a4 Bf3 30.a5 Qd8 31.Bc4 Bxc5 32.bxc5 Qh4 33.gxf3 gxf3 34.Kh1 Rg8 35.Qe4 Rg7 36.Qxd4 Qg5 37.c6+ Kb8 38.c7+ Rxc7 39.Rg1 Qh5 40.Rg8+ Rc8 41.Qd6+ Ka7 1–0

Selected bibliography

 * The Complete c3 Sicilian, 1997, American Batsford, ISBN 1-879479-50-8.
 * How To Beat Your Dad At Chess, 1998, Gambit Publications, ISBN 1-901983-05-6.
 * Chess Tactics For Kids, 2003, Gambit Publications, ISBN 1-901983-99-4.
 * Chess For Children (with Helen Milligan), 2004, Gambit Publications, ISBN 1-904600-06-9.

title: Murray Chandler


text:
Smile (British TV series)

Smile was a British Sunday morning children's programme created by production company Darrall Macqueen for CBBC. It first aired in 2002 on BBC Two. The final programme was broadcast on 26 August 2007.

History
In January 2002, Smile was commissioned for an initial 60-week run. Primarily a children's magazine programme featuring celebrity guests, the show also encouraged audience participation through competitions and games. It won an Indie Award for its interactivity, going on later to win two Children's BAFTAs.

A number of cartoons and other programme acquisitions were transmitted during Smile on a rotational basis. Principally these included: Arthur, Batfink, BB3B, Even Stevens, Jakers! The Adventures of Piggley Winks, Legend of the Dragon, The Likeaballs and W.I.T.C.H.

When the show first aired in 2002, it was likened to Saturday morning TV on a Sunday, except without a studio audience. It had celebrity guests, interviews, performances, games and 'built in' CBBC shows and cartoons. It had a very different feel with Fearne, Reggie and DJ Devstar. Once they left, however, the show's style changed and was aimed at the younger end of the CBBC audience. As a result, the programme became more game oriented. To enable the show to evolve, further changes were made. In the revamp, Rochelle Wiseman was lost.

Between 2006 and 2007, Smile began to target the younger audience CBBC wanted to get, and with Barney and Kirsten as the two remaining presenters the show took on a battle of the sexes format. The celebrity guests and some items were dropped, although the cartoons remained, but the main significant change was that children were invited onto the set to take part.

Presenters
The original presenters were Fearne Cotton, Reggie Yates and Devin Griffin (credited as DJ Devstar). In 2003, Devin left to concentrate on his radio career, and was replaced by Barney Harwood. Soon after, Fearne and Reggie left in 2004 and were replaced by Rochelle Wiseman, former S Club 8 singer and later a member of the girl group The Saturdays. In 2005 Kirsten O'Brien joined the team. On 26 March 2006, Rochelle Wiseman left the Smile team of presenters. Two of the presenters, Fearne Cotton and Rochelle Wiseman (now Rochelle Humes due to her marriage to JLS member Marvin Humes), both voiced the Voice Trumpets in another Darrall Macqueen show, Teletubbies.

Nev
The presenters have always been joined by a puppet known as Nev (Neville), who lives with Barney. Nev is a small, blue bear with patches in places and is missing part of his ear. Originally, the voice of Nev was prerecorded, and his limited vocabulary played in as appropriate, which was why the puppeteer Ross Mullan was recruited to provide the voice live. As a consequence, Nev's voice in the studio sounded distinctly different from that in the many phone-in games used on the programme.

Nev loves socks, jam, ducky, Barney and Kirsten, calling Kirsten "Krusty" (probably because he can't say "Kirsten"). The little bear often has trouble with pronunciation of certain words, he cannot sing but he can rap well. Nev likes dressing up and sleeping in, the former he usually gets to do during the programme, the latter he cannot do easily on Sundays because of the programme. His dislikes include baths and scary stories. When scared or intimidated, little Nev has been known to growl, just like a real bear would.

A 26-part sitcom starring Barney and Nev, Bear Behaving Badly commenced transmission on BBC One and the CBBC Channel on 3 September 2007.

The series was brought back for a second lot of 26 episodes in late 2008. This aired at the daily slot of 17:45, with episode 13 being broadcast at 7:45.

The BBC then announced that they had recommissioned it for a third series due to air in early 2010. This was later moved to late 2009. This series aired at the same slot as series 2.

The fourth and final series aired in late 2010. This series aired weekly on a Wednesday with the last three episodes being broadcast on the Monday, Saturday and Sunday on the week following up to Christmas. The series lost a lot of ratings and it was not recommissioned. In early 2011 all series aired at the daily slot of 08:55 on the same channel. This continued until early 2014. After the February half term the show was moved to the later slot of 12:00. On 28 April the show was moved to a later slot of 12:10. On 14 July the show moved to the later slot of 13:20. The show quickly became more popular and the show was aired during these summer holiday 2014. After 8 September 2014 the time slot changed to 11:50. From 5 January 2015 the show then aired at 11:30. This continued until 5 February 2015. After the 2-week half term. The show did not return and was replaced by The Slammer. Within time, Bear Behaving Badly became one of CBBC's most popular programmes.

Merchandise
In 2005, the Nev the Bear talking toy hit the shops. The toy said a number of catchphrases including "Fwightened" and "No no no no". A complaint was made against the toy manufacturer with regard to the word "Quick", by an individual who believed he had heard the toy saying "prick" - rude British slang for an annoying person - instead. A smaller version of the soft toy has since been released with a single catchphrase, "Excuse me! Can't Scare Me."

Nev's Quotes

 * "Hello, Ian" (instead of "Halloween")
 * "Love you, Barney"
 * "Oh Dear, Oh Dear, Oh Dear!"
 * "Ducky!"
 * "Jam!"
 * "Socks!"
 * "No, no, no, no."
 * "I win! I win!"
 * "Oh, la, la."
 * "Confused"
 * "Fwightened."
 * "Can't scare me" or "Can't bathe me."
 * "Oops" or "Oh dear, oh dear, oh dear" or "Sorry, Barney"
 * "Doggy"
 * "Zibedeah"
 * "Piggies"
 * "BBBBBB!" (instead of "BB3B")
 * "Rumble the crumble" (instead of "Rumble the Jumble")
 * "No way Jose"
 * "Yeah yeah!"
 * "Yum yum!"
 * "Snuggly Ducky Duck Duck" (the name of Nev's cuddly duck toy, shown in "Bear Behaving Badly")
 * "Muma-Dabi-Dun" (Medallion)
 * "double two! double two!" (when reading out the old Smile phone number)
 * "Crazy Keith!"
 * "Quick!"
 * "'Thur" (instead of Arthur)
 * "Snuggly Ducky Duck Duck" (the name of Nev's cuddly duck toy, shown in "Bear Behaving Badly")
 * "Muma-Dabi-Dun" (Medallion)
 * "double two! double two!" (when reading out the old Smile phone number)
 * "Crazy Keith!"
 * "Quick!"
 * "'Thur" (instead of Arthur)

Features and games
Throughout the duration of Smile, a number of games were featured, including Bandit Bites, Bath the Bear, Drop Da Beatz, Nev It Up, Nev's Pie Jarmies, Nev's Socks, Rap It Up and What Do You Fink. Many of the games are still available on various sites. The original Smile website one week before closure is archived.

Games Games Games
This was a series of games that pitted boys against girls, competing for a prize. The losing team had to get into Nev's bath of gunge. The Games were Bear Pairs, Duckey Bounce, Nev's Jam Buster, Bandit Bites and Quick On The Draw.

Rumble the Jumble
The object of the game was to write down any letters which appeared at the bottom right-hand corner of the screen. Once all the letters were collected, they formed an anagram of another word which participants need to decipher. The next stage was to draw a picture of or make something representing the word. Competition entrants then sent in their work into the programme.

Dressing Up
Around the beginning of the show, Nev dressed up. Viewers were asked send in pictures of themselves dressed up in the same way. Dressing up included the following themes: people (clowns, grannies, pirates, waiters and The Doctor from Doctor Who); animals (crabs, frogs, hedgehogs, owls); objects (garden gnomes, trains); food (Christmas puddings) and anything red for Comic Relief Red Nose Day.

Nev's Little Chefs
Every week on Smile, kids showed Nev how to cook, with recipes including Apple Smiles, Breakfast Feast, Banana Lollies, BlueBeary Muffins, French Bread Pizza Boat, Jelly Beary Sundae, Nev's Biscuits, Nev's Mush, Watermelon Lemonade and World Cup Biscuits.

Nev Sports
Sports and activities featured on the programme included basketball, climbing, cricket, karate and tennis.

Digital
From 5 March 2006, digital viewers were able to press the red button to access an enhanced TV service called Smile Backstage which allows them to seamlessly switch between live action in the studio and behind-the scenes, using the left and right buttons on their TV remote control. Most of the action backstage is one of the presenters hanging out with Smile's special guests and doing additional challenges, playing games and chatting. Smile Backstage was the first time that an interactive TV stream-switching application had been used on a live broadcast at the BBC. Previously, viewers could also watch an extra seven minutes of programme content after the end of the main show. Smile won the Interactive Award at the Children's BAFTAs in November 2005.

title: Smile (British TV series)


text:
SAP (file format)

SAP is a file format that stores music data from Atari 8-bit computers, all of which use the POKEY sound chip. Most popular tunes were written between 1981-1987.

The format is similar to the SID, SPC or NSF formats, in that it is a music data format which is supported by a player, which emulates the central processing unit and sound hardware of the original hardware in order to play music.

SAP files can be played by a SAP player or plugin, currently available for a wide variety of platforms. For instance, on the Macintosh platform, VLC version 2 and above, both on PowerPC and Intel architectures, can play SAP files. In addition, tools exist to convert SAP files to other formats.

title: SAP (file format)


text: User talk:70.51.144.63

title: User talk:70.51.144.63


text:
Clearlake (band)

Clearlake were an indie rock band, based in Brighton, England. They released three albums between 2001 and 2006. The band has been inactive since 2009.

History
The band formed in 1999, and released their debut single, "Winterlight", in January 2000. The limited edition release was awarded Single of the Week in a number of music publications, gained airplay on Radio 1 as Mark and Lard's record of the week and sold out within a fortnight, making the UK Top 100. A number of other singles followed, and the band went on to support Pulp and The Delgados and played at Scott Walker's Meltdown with Elliott Smith.

By April 2001, they had recorded and released their debut album, Lido. After a slot on Later... with Jools Holland, their television debut, and the release of a fourth single, "Let Go", the band started work on their second album. Cedars was released in February 2003. The third, Amber, was released in January 2006.

Clearlake have written their fourth album and played their only show of 2007 at The Brunswick, Hove, on 1 September 2007. Seven new songs were debuted at the show. 2008 was a far more active year for Clearlake. On 6 May 2008 the band supported Death Cab for Cutie (their first show of that year) before recording new track "One of a Kind", which was released as a web-only single on 9 May via their website. A further single, "Dark Blue", was recorded in the same way in August 2008 and released on 1 September 2008. The band started 2009 by releasing one final single from the new album, "The Credit or The Blame". The album from which those singles were supposed to be taken has never been released.

In December 2010, a Jason Pegg cover version of the Sea Nymphs song "Tree Tops High" appeared on Leader of the Starry Skies - A Loyal Companion, a fundraising compilation album to benefit the hospitalised Cardiacs/Sea Nymphs leader Tim Smith.

Solo activity
Since Clearlake's last activity, Jason Pegg has been playing solo and with Billy Bragg. Pegg's self-titled debut album came out in 2009, and Silver Noise was released as a download-only album in 2014. Jim Briffett had performed with The Miserable Rich and his solo album Mountains 'n' Lightning was released in 2011.

Last

 * Jason Pegg (vocals, guitar, keyboards)
 * David 'Woody' Woodward (bass, guitar, vocals)
 * Toby May (drums)
 * Jim Briffett (guitar, vocals) - since 2007

Former

 * James Butcher (drums)
 * Sam Hewitt (keyboards, guitar, vocals)

Albums

 * Lido (2001)
 * Cedars (2003)
 * Amber (2006)

Singles and EPs

 * "Winterlight" (2000)
 * "Don't Let the Cold In" (2000)
 * "Something to Look Forward To" (2000)
 * "Let Go" (2001)
 * "Almost the Same" (2003)
 * "The Mind Is Evil" (2003)
 * "Can't Feel a Thing" (2003)
 * Wonder if the Snow Will Settle (2005)
 * "Good Clean Fun" (2005)
 * "Neon" (2006)
 * "It's Getting Light Outside" (2006)
 * "One of a Kind" (2008)
 * "Dark Blue" (2008)
 * "The Credit or The Blame" (2009)

title: Clearlake (band)


text:
User talk:Ivar Y

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! Dunc|☺ 19:35, 21 August 2005 (UTC)
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Hi
Hi Ivar,

Just wanted to drop you a note because we seem to have some common interests. If I can help you in any way, please let me know. Kind regards, David Bergan 15:00, 23 August 2005 (UTC)

specified complexity
This edit deleted a sourced quote from a notable expert and replaced it with criticism written as a "view from nowhere". Please read up on NPOV policy. FuelWagon 21:09, 22 August 2005 (UTC)

Your recent comments at Talk:Intelligent design
Your comments that my goal and that of others at the Intelligent design article is to persuade people that ID proponents deceive, lie, and defraud constitutes an ad hominem, as well as being straw man. Just because you disagree with the article's content and have not found sufficient traction for your arguments for changing it does not entitle you to misrepresent the work of other good-faith editors such as myself. This needs to stop. Read WP:FAITH and WP:NPA. I'm working to assume your good faith, I can't help but conclude that you're simply mischaracterizing our objections to further your efforts to delete well-supported and necessary content. In which case you're also grinding an ideological ax, a separate but equally troubling issue. Also, I'm cautioning you that just because your proposals fail to gain consensus does not mean that there is no consensus.

Lastly, others and I have made the case for the current article's content long before you arrived. It is factual and well-supported. We have patiently explained to you why it is there and presented all over again the support and justifications for your benefit. That you do not either get them, willfully ignore the or don't find them compelling does not give you the right to malign those who do. You need to reign in your rhetoric if you want to continue participating; the article is no place for that sort of personal attack. FeloniousMonk 08:48, 12 September 2005 (UTC)

Methodological Naturalism Article
I and a few other contributors to the Philosophical Naturalism article believe that methodological naturalism is worthy of its own page. I've therefore started a draft you are free to edit before I submit after of few weeks. Cheers. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Philocentric/methodological_naturalism Philocentric (talk) 09:58, 12 August 2014 (UTC)

title: User talk:Ivar Y


text: User:IslandGyrl/Test page 1

title: User:IslandGyrl/Test page 1


text:
Dean Babst

Dean Voris Babst (1921 – 3 September 2006) was an American sociologist, who wrote the first academic paper arguing that democracies do not fight among themselves. He also became staff scientist for the New York State Narcotic Addiction Control Commission, and wrote several books on the subject.

Democratic peace theory
Babst published the first scholarly paper in the present field of democratic peace theory in Wisconsin Sociologist in 1964. He also published a slightly popularized version in an industrial trade journal ("A Force for Peace", Industrial Research, April 1972). In the article, Babst suggests that the existence of independent nations with elective governments greatly increases the chance for the maintenance of peace. As an example, he uses France and Great Britain, which fought multiple wars before acquiring a freely elected government.

title: Dean Babst


text:
John Stokes

John Stokes may refer to:

Politicians

 * John Stokes (MP for Derby), Member of Parliament (MP) Derby
 * John Stokes (fl.1547), MP for Westbury
 * John Stokes (Conservative politician) (1917–2003), British Conservative MP 1970–1992
 * Jack Stokes (politician) (John Edward Stokes, 1923–2000), Canadian politician, Speaker of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario
 * John Stokes (North Carolina judge) (1756–1790), North Carolina attorney, politician, and judge
 * John Stoke (MP), also known as John Stokes

Others

 * John William Stokes (1910–1995), Australian administrator
 * John Stokes (1915–1990), principal of Queen's College, Hong Kong, buried in Wolvercote Cemetery
 * John Stokes (born 1936), Irish musician with The Bachelors
 * John Stokes (comics), British comic artist who drew stories including Fishboy, Marney and The Invisibles
 * John Stokes (cinematographer) (born 1961), Australian cinematographer, see Hurricane Smith
 * John Stokes (Medal of Honor) (1871–1923), American Medal of Honor recipient
 * John Stokes (archdeacon of York) (died 1568), president of Queens' College, Cambridge
 * John Stokes (Irish mathematician) (1720–1781), Irish mathematician
 * John Lort Stokes (1811–1885), officer in the Royal Navy
 * Jack Stokes (director) (1920–2013), animation director who worked on the 1968 Beatles film Yellow Submarine
 * John Stokes (canon of Windsor) (died 1503), Canon of Windsor and Warden of All Souls College, Oxford
 * John Stokes (trade unionist) (c. 1865–1935), leader of the London Labour Party and London Trades Council
 * John Stokes (mountaineer) (1945–2016), British Army soldier and mountaineer
 * John Arthur Stokes, figure in the civil rights movement
 * John F. Stokes (1899–1963), American law enforcement officer
 * John Fisher Stokes, physician and surgeon
 * John Stokes (archdeacon of Armagh) (1801–1885)
 * John Stokes (British Army officer), involved with running the Suez Canal Company

 * John Stokes (bishop) (14th–15th century), see Bishop of Kilmore

title: John Stokes


text:
Neijiang

Neijiang (Sichuanese Pinyin: Nui4jiang1; Sichuanese pronunciation: ; ) is a prefecture-level city in the southeast of Sichuan province, People's Republic of China. It is located on the Tuo River, midway between the two major cities of Chengdu and Chongqing, is a transportation and food-processing center. The population of the entire prefecture was 3,140,678 at the 2020 census, and the population of the built-up (metro) area was 1,179,140 in the 2 urban districts of Shizhong and Dongxing.

History
In medieval times the locality was an important salt-producing area, but in recent times its name has been associated with the cultivation of sugarcane; it is commonly referred to as the sugar capital (甜城) of Sichuan. During the economic boom of China in the 1990s and early 21st century, Neijiang has been transformed and its industries now range from engineering, electronics, chemicals, construction materials, to consumer goods. It is also the home of Neijiang Normal College and many other educational institutions. Its geographic location puts it in the center of the southern Sichuan transport network. Neijiang is also the hometown of Zhang Daqian, one of the best-known and most prodigious Chinese artists of the twentieth century.

Transportation
Neijiang railway station is situated on the Chengdu–Chongqing railway and is the most central. The Neijiang–Kunming railway also starts here. Neijiang North railway station is situated on the Chengdu–Chongqing intercity railway and is served by high-speed trains.

Notable people

 * Chang Dai-chien, artist
 * Tian Ye, mathematician

title: Neijiang