text:
Hilbert manifold

In mathematics, a Hilbert manifold is a manifold modeled on Hilbert spaces. Thus it is a separable Hausdorff space in which each point has a neighbourhood homeomorphic to an infinite dimensional Hilbert space. The concept of a Hilbert manifold provides a possibility of extending the theory of manifolds to infinite-dimensional setting. Analogous to the finite-dimensional situation, one can define a differentiable Hilbert manifold by considering a maximal atlas in which the transition maps are differentiable.

Properties
Many basic constructions of the manifold theory, such as the tangent space of a manifold and a tubular neighbourhood of a submanifold (of finite codimension) carry over from the finite dimensional situation to the Hilbert setting with little change. However, in statements involving maps between manifolds, one often has to restrict consideration to Fredholm maps, that is, maps whose differential at every point is Fredholm. The reason for this is that Sard's lemma holds for Fredholm maps, but not in general. Notwithstanding this difference, Hilbert manifolds have several very nice properties.

 * Kuiper's theorem: If $$X$$ is a compact topological space or has the homotopy type of a CW complex then every (real or complex) Hilbert space bundle over $$X$$ is trivial. In particular, every Hilbert manifold is parallelizable.
 * Every smooth Hilbert manifold can be smoothly embedded onto an open subset of the model Hilbert space.
 * Every homotopy equivalence between two Hilbert manifolds is homotopic to a diffeomorphism. In particular every two homotopy equivalent Hilbert manifolds are already diffeomorphic. This stands in contrast to lens spaces and exotic spheres, which demonstrate that in the finite-dimensional situation, homotopy equivalence, homeomorphism, and diffeomorphism of manifolds are distinct properties.
 * Although Sard's Theorem does not hold in general, every continuous map $$f : X \to \R^n$$ from a Hilbert manifold can be arbitrary closely approximated by a smooth map $$g : X \to \R^n$$ which has no critical points.

Examples

 * Any Hilbert space $$H$$ is a Hilbert manifold with a single global chart given by the identity function on $$H.$$ Moreover, since $$H$$ is a vector space, the tangent space $$\operatorname{T}_p H$$ to $$H$$ at any point $$p \in H$$ is canonically isomorphic to $$H$$ itself, and so has a natural inner product, the "same" as the one on $$H.$$ Thus $$H$$ can be given the structure of a Riemannian manifold with metric $$g(v, w)(p) := \langle v, w \rangle_H \text{ for } v, w \in \mathrm{T}_p H,$$ where $$\langle \,\cdot, \cdot\, \rangle_H$$ denotes the inner product in $$H.$$
 * Similarly, any open subset of a Hilbert space is a Hilbert manifold and a Riemannian manifold under the same construction as for the whole space.
 * There are several mapping spaces between manifolds which can be viewed as Hilbert spaces by only considering maps of suitable Sobolev class. For example we can consider the space $$\operatorname{L} M$$ of all $$H^1$$ maps from the unit circle $$\mathbf{S}^1$$ into a manifold $$M.$$ This can be topologized via the compact open topology as a subspace of the space of all continuous mappings from the circle to $$M,$$ that is, the free loop space of $$M.$$ The Sobolev kind mapping space $$\operatorname{L} M$$ described above is homotopy equivalent to the free loop space. This makes it suited to the study of algebraic topology of the free loop space, especially in the field of string topology. We can do an analogous Sobolev construction for the loop space, making it a codimension $$d$$ Hilbert submanifold of $$\operatorname{L} M,$$ where $$d$$ is the dimension of $$M.$$

title: Hilbert manifold


text: Category:ERP software

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Category:ERP software


text:
Glebe Park, Canberra

Glebe Park is a public park on the eastern side of Civic, Canberra, Australia. The park is bounded by Coranderrk, Ballumbir, Akuna, and Bunda Streets, and to the south, the National Convention Centre.

History
Glebe Park is a remnant of a hundred acres (40 hectares) of land allocated by Robert Campbell to the Anglican Church in the early 1840s for use as a glebe, an area of land whose revenues contribute towards parish expenses. Campbell gave two acres (8,000 m²) of land to St John the Baptist Church in nearby Reid at the same time.

Glebe House was built in 1871-3 as a rectory for St John's church. It was a two storied house with a single storied veranda made of bricks from nearby swampland clay. The land was used as a farm to support the rector.

Elms, willows, and poplars were planted around the house by the Reverend Pierce Galliard Smith, who was Rector at St Johns for fifty-one years from 1855 until 1906. The elms in the park today are descended from his plantings with some survivors from one hundred years ago. Nearly seven hundred trees remain in the park, of which just over five hundred are English elms (Ulmus procera). About a hundred are English oaks (Quercus robur).

In 1912, when the decision had been made to site Australia's capital here, the land and building were resumed by the Commonwealth Government but was continued to be used as a rectory until a new rectory much closer to the church was built in 1926. From 1926 to early 1928 the Old Rectory at St Johns was leased from the Government by the Anglican religious order of the Community of the Sisters of the Church, or the Kilburn Sisters, to found St Gabriel's school which later became the Canberra Girls' Grammar School. The school moved into its Deakin premises on Melbourne Avenue in 1928.

Glebe House then served as a guest house for the next 25 years. By 1954 it was in a poor state of repair and there had been a number of additions that were not in harmony with the original building. The House also stood in the way of plans for the development of the city area. There was some protest at destroying a building associated with Canberra's early history and some discussion about alternate uses such as a residence for the aged. However, the building was sold by the Commonwealth government to the Acton Football Club. The club used the bricks to construct a clubhouse in Franklin Street, Forrest. A plaque was erected ten years later in Ballumbir Street, Reid, just to the south of St Peter's Lutheran Church, to mark the site of the former building.

Recent history
A community campaign to save the trees resulted in a park being proclaimed in 1983 and heritage listing by the National Trust of Australia (ACT) and the Australian Heritage Commission. Formal landscaping with fences, gates, paths, a rotunda, and a playground was completed in 1989. The park has ten gates, which are named after historic people or places. In the course of the landscaping, further land was excised for the building of the National Convention Centre, a casino and a hotel (at present, the Crowne Plaza). The present area is about 4.7 hectares, just under one eighth of the original area of the glebe.

Uses
A children's playground has now been built in the park.

In recent years outdoor art exhibitions have been staged in the park, notably during the Canberra Festival.

2017 saw the Canberra Christmas activation move from City Walk into the park for Christmas In Glebe Park, With a more family focused event running for 3 weekends and supporting Red Nose as the charity partner.

title: Glebe Park, Canberra


text:
Talk:White Carniola

Krajina
Krajina does not necessarily means frontier, march, Kreis nor Krai. Krajina is of Slavic origin and means homeland. The Polish Armija Krajowa means Home Army, not a border guard. Aleksandr Grigoryev (talk) 19:09, 19 July 2020 (UTC)
 * I've reverted the text to the version matching the cited source: "krájina v pomenu 'mejna pokrajina (z urejeno vojaško obrambo)'". Doremo (talk) 03:21, 20 July 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:White Carniola


text:
James Harris, 5th Earl of Malmesbury

James Edward Harris, 5th Earl of Malmesbury DL (18 December 1872 – 12 June 1950), styled Viscount FitzHarris from 1889 to 1899, was a British peer and conservative politician.

Malmesbury was the eldest son of Edward Harris, 4th Earl of Malmesbury, and succeeded in the earldom in 1899. Through his grandmother Emma Wylly Chambers he was a descendant of David Mathews, the Loyalist Mayor of New York City during the American Revolutionary War and a descendant of the American Dutch Schuyler family.

He was Assistant Private Secretary (unpaid) to the Under-Secretary of State for the Colonies, the Earl of Onslow, in 1901, and a member of the London County Council from 1904 to 1905. Between 1922 and 1924 he served as a Lord-in-waiting (government whip in the House of Lords) under Bonar Law and then Stanley Baldwin. He then returned to local politics and was Chairman of the Hampshire County Council from 1927 to 1937.

He held a commission as a militia officer in the 3rd battalion, Royal Hampshire Regiment, where he received the rank of captain on 3 May 1899. Her resigned this commission in December 1902.

Lord Malmesbury married Dorothy Gough-Calthorpe, daughter of Augustus Gough-Calthorpe, 6th Baron Calthorpe, on 27 April 1905. They had two children:

 * Lady Elizabeth Harris (b. 8 January 1906), married John Fremantle, 4th Baron Cottesloe and had issue.
 * William James Harris, 6th Earl of Malmesbury (1907–2000)

Lord Malmesbury died in June 1950, aged 77, and was succeeded in the earldom by his only son William.

title: James Harris, 5th Earl of Malmesbury


text:
Mike Elizondo

Michael A. Elizondo Jr. (born October 22, 1972) is an American producer, songwriter, and multi-instrumentalist. A protégé of Dr. Dre, Elizondo has worked with 50 Cent, Eminem, Carrie Underwood, Fiona Apple, Mastodon, Ry Cooder, Skylar Grey, Twenty One Pilots, Nelly Furtado, and Lin-Manuel Miranda, among others. His songwriting credits include "In da Club" by 50 Cent, Eminem's "Just Lose It" and "The Real Slim Shady", "Family Affair" by Mary J. Blige, and Carrie Underwood's "Cowboy Casanova". He has won a Grammy Award from five nominations, which includes two nominations for Producer of the Year.

Early life and education
Elizondo was born and raised in Pacoima, California. His musician father, Miguel, had a diverse record collection and Elizondo grew up listening to artists from the Beatles to Motown to Johnny Cash. His father hosted jam sessions at home, and in the early 80s converted the garage into a recording studio to record local bands.

Elizondo learned to play the accordion at age 9 and the tenor saxophone at 12. At 14, he picked up the electric bass, which became his main instrument, and played in a metal band. In a 2006 interview with Sound on Sound, he said: "The reason that playing bass stuck was that the role it has, whether you're playing acoustic or electric or keyboard bass, is very appealing to me, because you are the link between the rhythm and the melody."

He went to Hamilton High School Music Academy, where he met future engineer Manny Marroquin and drummer Abe Laboriel Jr., who inspired him to devote more time to practicing in order to improve his technique. He discovered an affinity for jazz, and while he continued to play the electric bass with hardcore and metal bands he formed, in his senior year he picked up the upright bass, studying classically to understand the full scope of the instrument.

Elizondo met bassist and California State University, Northridge (CSUN) music professor Gary Pratt when Pratt guest-conducted Hamilton's jazz band. Elizondo subsequently studied privately with Pratt, who encouraged Elizondo to apply to CSUN. He was accepted, and enrolled in the university's music program in 1991.

Already well-versed in jazz and other genres of music, Elizondo's emphasis was on classical music at CSUN; as he studied with Pratt, in addition to Ed Meares, he played in chamber groups and the school orchestra. He also played in bands with musicians such as Nels and Alex Cline, Vinny Golia, Peter Erskine, and in 1994, as his extracurricular gigs became more time-consuming, he left CSUN to focus professionally on music full-time.

Budahat, session work, The Firm, Poe
At CSUN, Elizondo played bass and wrote songs for Budahat, a Rock/R&B band that he founded with a childhood friend, Trevor Lawrence, Jr. In 1995, the band was signed by Atlantic. Although their album was never released, the experience provided Elizondo with an education in publishing and the record industry, and introduced him as a songwriter and musician to prominent producers including T-Bone Burnett, Glen Ballard, Matthew Wilder, and Matt Wallace. As he became more in-demand as a session musician, he played on records by artists including Sheryl Crow, Ry Cooder, Fiona Apple, Perla Batalla.

In 1996, Elizondo was booked as a session musician for the recording of The Album, by The Firm, a hip hop supergroup composed of Nas, Foxy Brown, AZ, and Nature. Produced by Dr. Dre and the Trackmasters, it was one of the first records released on Dre's then newly founded Aftermath label. The Firm sessions marked the start of Elizondo's relationship with Dre.

Elizondo met Poe through Matt Wallace in 1997, and co-wrote four songs for her second Atlantic album, Haunted, including its title track. Following the release of the album, he was signed to a publishing deal with producer Steve Lindsey, who had a co-venture with Windswept Pacific. Elizondo later said: "Steve was the one early on, who truly believed in my potential as a songwriter."

Dr. Dre, Eminem, Get Rich or Die Tryin'
Shortly after he signed his publishing deal, Elizondo began to work steadily on Aftermath projects as part of Dre's core creative team. He played on Dre's solo album 2001 in 1999, and continued to work closely with him for the next 11 years as a multi-instrumentalist (bass, keyboards, and guitars), songwriter, and producer.

Elizondo—who was with Dre when he and Eminem met —scored his first co-writing credit with Dre for "The Real Slim Shady" from Eminem's Marshall Mathers LP. Written with Tommy Coster, Jr., the song "made Eminem a phenomenon", with  The Marshall Mathers LP selling more than 1.8 million albums in its first week. "The Real Slim Shady" won a Grammy, hit the US Top 10, and entered the UK chart at No. 1. As of 2019, with more than 35 million in worldwide sales, the record was the top-selling rap album of all time.

Elizondo's first co-production credits were for "True Lies" and "Lay Low" on Snoop Dogg's 2000 album The Last Meal. Scott Storch, another of Dre's proteges, also co-produced "Lay Low". In 2003, in addition to playing bass, guitar and keyboards, Elizondo co-wrote five songs on 50 Cent's Get Rich or Die Trying, and co-wrote and co-produced the album's first and final singles, "In da Club" and "If I Can't". A "minimalist masterpiece," "In da Club" was No. 1 for nine of the 30 weeks it charted on the Billboard Hot 100, and broke the Billboard record as the most listened to song in radio history within a week of its release. It was No. 24 on the decade-long Hot 100, and #13 on the Rolling Stone list of the best songs of the decade. His run of hits continued through the end of 2004, with Mary J. Blige's "Family Affair" charting at No. 1 on the Billboard Hot 100; "Let Me Blow Ya Mind" by Eve ft. Gwen Stefani, and "Rich Girl" by Gwen Stefani featuring Eve, which hit the Top 10. He co-wrote four songs on The Eminem Show and eight songs on Eminem's Encore, including "Just Lose It", an international hit.

Fiona Apple, Producer of the Year, Carrie Underwood, Maroon 5
As Elizondo's success in the hip hop and rap genres continued to grow, he was sought out to work with pop, rock, roots and alternative artists. In 2005, he was recruited to produce Fiona Apple's 2005 album, Extraordinary Machine. Extraordinary Machine received almost universal acclaim, with Rolling Stone writing that Elizondo had given the tracks energy, taking a "sad song and making it better." That same year, he worked with Mavis Staples, Ry Cooder, Sheryl Crow, Eric Clapton, Alice Cooper, Burt Bacharach and Avril Lavigne, and in 2006, he played, wrote and/or produced music by Mary J. Blige, Gwen Stefani, T-Bone Burnett, Doyle Bramhall II, Christina Aguilera, and P!nk. He also produced the Alanis Morissette song "Wunderkind", which appeared on The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe soundtrack and was nominated in the Best Original Song category at the 2006 Golden Globe Awards.

Seeking to "toughen up their sound," Maroon 5 hired Elizondo to produce their second album, It Won't Be Soon Before Long in 2007. 17 tracks were recorded over a period of 8 months, and 14 made the record, including "If I Never See Your Face Again", featuring Rihanna, which would also appear on her album, Good Girl Gone Bad: Reloaded. The album entered the charts at No. 1 in the UK and the US, where it sold nearly 403,000 copies in its first week. The reviews were positive, with AllMusic critic Stephen Thomas Erlewine writing: "It Won't Be Soon Before Long is that rare self-stylized blockbuster album that sounds as big and satisfying as was intended." The single "Makes Me Wonder" was nominated for a Grammy, and the album was the top selling digital LP of 2007.

Similarly, Elizondo was brought in to help Rilo Kiley make their fourth album, Under the Blacklight, more rhythmic. Drummer Jason Boesel said, in discussing the title track, "Elizondo came in and answered our question of how we could get it to feel dancier. He stripped it down, and made it kind of a banger." Acknowledged as a collaborative effort between Elizondo and the band, the album earned "rave reviews" with the BBC stating that it went "one step further in its bittersweetly effortless pop."

Elizondo was nominated for the Grammy Award for Producer of the Year in 2008 based on his body of work between October 1, 2007, and September 20, 2008. The nomination brought increased attention to his multi-genre credits, resulting in a "slew of new projects that propelled him beyond the pop and hip-hop genres in which he had made his name."

Over the following two years, working frequently out of Phantom Studios, a 1000-foot recording studio Elizondo built at his home, he produced four tracks on Regina Spektor's Far; wrote with Justin Timberlake ("Love Sex Magic"), and produced Holy Smoke, the debut album by Gin Wigmore. He also worked with Jay Z and Leona Lewis. In 2009 he went to Nashville to write with Carrie Underwood, and during their second session, together with Brett James, they wrote "Cowboy Casanova." The first single from her third studio album, it was a number one hit, and went on to sell more than 2.3 million records. That same year, he wrote five songs for Eminem's Relapse—an album he also played on—and produced Switchfoot's Hello Hurricane, the album's "varied arrangements reflecting his diverse résumé." Elizondo won a Grammy Award in the Best Rock Gospel album category for his work on Hello Hurricane.

Avenged Sevenfold, Warner Bros., Keith Urban
Avenged Sevenfold brought Elizondo in to produce their fifth album, Nightmare, in 2010. On choosing to work with Elizondo, guitarist Zacky Vengeance said: "Mike Elizondo loves Metallica, Megadeth and Iron Maiden, but he's also a musician and artist, and he's never worked on a rock album. So it seemed perfect, because we wanted to come up with something new and creative." Nightmare debuted at No. 1 on the Billboard album charts.

In January 2011, recruited by Lenny Waronker and Rob Cavallo, Elizondo was named Sr. VP of A&R and Staff Producer at Warner Bros. Records. Mainly a creative role, he focused jointly on A&R and production, working primarily with Warner Bros. artists, including Gary Clark Jr, Mastodon, Kimbra, Jenny Lewis, The Regrettes, JR JR, Eli "Paperboy" Reed, Daye Jack, and Echosmith, the first band he signed. In addition, he produced Avenged Sevenfold's follow-up to Nightmare, Hail to the King, and played on and co-produced Gary Clark, Jr.'s Blak and Blu, and in 2012 reunited with Regina Spektor to produce her album, What We Saw from the Cheap Seats.

In 2013, to "keep things fresh for himself and his fans," Keith Urban collaborated with Elizondo, who co-wrote and co-produced two tracks on his album, Fuse. A fan of Elizondo's work with Dre, in an interview with the Los Angeles Times Urban said: "He has a great rhythmic gift as a bass player, is an incredible drum programmer and multi-instrumentalist. My music is very, very rhythmic-based...I wanted to explore a much stronger presence of rhythmic elements in my music. It's something that's been there, but often has been pushed to the back." The album debuted at No. 1 in Australia and the US.

Twenty One Pilots, Hamilton Mixtape, Live from Here
In 2015, Elizondo was contacted by Lin-Manuel Miranda to develop The Hamilton Mixtape, which would be based on (but separate from) Hamilton. Using live cast recordings and a verse from Roots frontman Black Thought, Elizondo created a version of the musical's "My Shot" that became the first song on The Hamilton Mixtape, "setting the standard and attitude of the project." Elizondo also produced "Satisfied," by Sia (featuring Miguel and Queen Latifah) and Andra Day's cover of "Burn", giving it a "classic, old-school R&B vibe with hip-hop drums and overtones."

Elizondo also produced four songs on Twenty One Pilots breakout album Blurryface in 2015. The second single from the album, "Stressed Out" reached number two on the Billboard Hot 100, and was the first rock song to surpass 1 billion streams on Spotify. In 2016, with 1.5 billion views on YouTube, "Stressed Out" won the Grammy Award for Best Pop Duo/Group Performance. Blurryface hit No. 1 on the album charts, and remained in the Top 200 for more than four years straight. It was the first album in the digital era to have every track certified gold by the RIAA.

In September 2018, Elizondo became the music director of Live from Here with Chris Thile (formerly A Prairie Home Companion with Chris Thile). Elizondo played bass on several early episodes of the show and was offered the full-time music director gig in July 2018. In deciding to accept the offer—a 20-hour a week commitment, which required him to travel—he said: "On a creative level, I was extremely honored, but on a personal level, I had to figure out how to orchestrate my life. It's a lot more traveling than I'm used to. I finally realized that the energy I'm going to gain doing these shows will help fuel my enthusiasm for all the other projects I'm working on."

Among others, during the last half of the decade, Elizondo worked with Ed Sheeran, the Jonas Bros., Young the Giant, K.Flay, NF, Walk the Moon and Brantley Gilbert. He also produced Gary Clark Jr.'s cover of "Come Together" with Junkie XL for the Justice League soundtrack.

2020s: Producer of the Year 2022 Grammy nomination
In 2021, Elizondo was nominated for the 2022 Producer of the Year Grammy Award, non-classical. The nomination is based on his body of work during the eligibility period, which included co-production on the Encanto soundtrack. Teamed with co-producer Lin-Manuel Miranda, the film's "We Don't Talk About Bruno" was #1 on the Billboard charts for 5 weeks, becoming the longest-running #1 song in Disney's history.

Personal life
Elizondo and his wife, Trista, moved from Los Angeles to Nashville in 2018. Married in 1997, they have four children. His recording studio is in Gallatin, Tennessee.

Grammy Awards
Non-Classical]] || Nominated Non-Classical]] || Nominated
 * style="text-align:center;" | 2004 ||style="text-align:left;" | "In da Club" (50 Cent) || Best Rap Song || Nominated
 * style="text-align:center;" |2008 ||style="text-align:left;"| Body of work (2008)|| [[Grammy Award for Producer of the Year, Non-Classical|Producer of the Year
 * style="text-align:center;" |2008 ||style="text-align:left;"| Body of work (2008)|| [[Grammy Award for Producer of the Year, Non-Classical|Producer of the Year
 * style="text-align:center;" |2008 ||style="text-align:left;"| Body of work (2008)|| [[Grammy Award for Producer of the Year, Non-Classical|Producer of the Year
 * style="text-align:center;" | 2011 ||style="text-align:left;" | Hello Hurricane (Switchfoot) ||Best Rock Gospel Album|| Won
 * style="text-align:center;" | 2016 || style="text-align:left;" |Stressed Out (Twenty One Pilots) || Record of the Year || Nominated
 * style="text-align:center;" | 2022 || style="text-align:left;" |Body of work (2021)|| [[Grammy Award for Producer of the Year, Non-Classical|Producer of the Year
 * style="text-align:center;" | 2016 || style="text-align:left;" |Stressed Out (Twenty One Pilots) || Record of the Year || Nominated
 * style="text-align:center;" | 2022 || style="text-align:left;" |Body of work (2021)|| [[Grammy Award for Producer of the Year, Non-Classical|Producer of the Year
 * style="text-align:center;" | 2022 || style="text-align:left;" |Body of work (2021)|| [[Grammy Award for Producer of the Year, Non-Classical|Producer of the Year
 * }

Golden Globe Awards
from ''The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, The Witch, and the Wardrobe
 * style="text-align:center;| 2006 ||style="text-align:left;" | "Wunderkind" (Alanis Morissette)
 * style="text-align:center;| 2006 ||style="text-align:left;" | "Wunderkind" (Alanis Morissette)
 * Best Original Song ||
 * }

Academy of Country Music Awards

 * style="text-align:center;| 2010||style="text-align:left;" | "Cowboy Casanova"  (Carrie Underwood) || Song of the Year ||
 * }
 * }

title: Mike Elizondo


text:
Talk:Glebe Park, Canberra

I created this article in order to fill out a few red links and because I had the photo which I have wanted to upload. From discussions on the City Centre, Australian Capital Territory history page I can see that people know more about its history than I do. It might be worth mentioning the skate park and perhaps its proximity to the casiono, but its not worth mentionig its proximity to every other building in Civic (in my opinion). Should also mention adjoining roads. Adz 12:12, 21 August 2005 (UTC)

Picture layout
I found some shots of the park I took back in Summer, which show change in the park in different seasons. Not sure of the best layout though. Cfitzart 06:09, 25 August 2005 (UTC)

 * I have had a go at the layout but perhaps the revision reflects my prejudices against the 1989 landscaping which was out of character with the former park. Feel free to revise further.  They are nice pictures - thanks for sharing.--AYArktos 06:20, 25 August 2005 (UTC)

 * No worries, I think the layout does look alot better the way you put it Cfitzart 14:20, 25 August 2005 (UTC)

New development application
I was wondering how relevant this is to Glebe Park? The development application I think has been approved, they have almost finished building the display building for the development. I'll check out the website for the development next time I drive past.

From the Legislative Assembly for the ACT: 2005 Week 12 Hansard

A Development Application has been made (200404901) for the construction of a 4 block 8 storey high residential complex of 189 units, adjoining Glebe Park on the former Glebe Park Food Court site.

Your petitioners are concerned that:

a. The amenity of Glebe Park and the Reid heritage precinct will be adversely affected if this proposal proceeds.

b. Use of the land for residential purposes is inappropriate given the proximity of Glebe Park.

c. Extension of Glebe Park to include all or part of this land deserves serious consideration.

d. Acquisition of the land by the ACT government for addition to the National Convention Centre site, also deserves serious consideration. Frobu 10:36, 5 March 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:Glebe Park, Canberra


text: Template:History of Slovakia

title: Template:History of Slovakia


text:
Thunderbolt Ross

General Thaddeus E. "Thunderbolt" Ross (also known as the Red Hulk) is a fictional character who appears in comic books published by Marvel Comics featuring the Hulk. Ross is a United States military officer, the father of Betty Ross, and the ex-father-in-law of both Glenn Talbot and Bruce Banner.

A jingoistic war hawk, Ross is portrayed as the military head of the gamma bomb project that turned Banner into the Hulk. After the creation of the Hulk, Ross pursues the creature with a growing obsession, and, after learning that Banner and the Hulk are one and the same, Ross hunts Banner as well. His motivations vary between different iterations, from a petulant hatred of Banner himself, to a Captain Ahab-esque desire to defeat the Hulk in combat, and sometimes even more villainous motivations such as hoping to harness the Hulk's abilities and create similar bioweapons for use by the US government. In 2008, Ross was transformed into the Red Hulk to better combat his nemesis, though this instead led him to become more sympathetic towards Banner and eventually become a superhero, serving time as a member of the Avengers and forming his own Thunderbolts team.

The character has been merchandized in various products, such as toys and statues, and appeared in numerous media adaptations, including animated television series, video games, and live-action feature films. He was portrayed by Sam Elliott in the 2003 film Hulk, by William Hurt in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) films from The Incredible Hulk (2008), to Black Widow (2021), and by Harrison Ford, beginning with Captain America: Brave New World (2025).

Publication history
Thunderbolt Ross first appeared in The Incredible Hulk #1 (May 1962) and was created by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby as a nemesis for the Hulk. He was a recurring character throughout this series. His character origin was revealed in The Incredible Hulk #291. The Red Hulk first appeared in Hulk vol. 3 #1 (January 2008), created by Jeph Loeb and Ed McGuiness, but his identity as Ross was not revealed until later. The origin of Red Hulk was revealed in Hulk #23.

Red Hulk began appearing as a regular character in Avengers vol. 4, from issue #7 (January 2011) through its final issue #34 (January 2013). His popularity resulted in him being used as a main character in the 2012 Thunderbolts series by Daniel Way and Steve Dillon. He also appeared in the issues #1–3 of the 2011 series The Avenging Spider-Man (November 2008) by Zeb Wells and Joe Madureira as a team-up character for Spider-Man.

Fictional character biography
Ross grew up in a military environment with both his father and paternal grandfather in the military.

Ross is the Air Force general in charge of Bruce Banner's gamma bomb project. His daughter, Betty, takes a liking to the young scientist, deepening Ross' dislike for the "weakling". After Banner's transformation into the Hulk, Ross spends years chasing the monster, becoming obsessed enough to commit treason by allying himself with supervillains such as the Leader, MODOK and the Abomination to destroy the Hulk. Dismissed from the military, he shows up at Betty and Bruce's wedding with a gun and shoots Rick Jones. He is recruited by S.H.I.E.L.D. agent Clay Quartermain to merge with the electric creature Zzzax, a process that gives Ross superpowers but also makes him mentally unstable. He is later restored to human form, but retains some residual energy-generating powers.

Finally, the Nevermind, a mutant who drains people of their life energy, attacks Gamma Base in search of a strong host, in this case the Hulk. After witnessing Banner and Rick Jones (who was the Hulk at that time) heroically engaging the mutant, Ross realizes that he has been wrong about the Hulk being a mindless monster. He saves his daughter by allowing the mutant to latch on him and discharging the energy resources he retained from Zzzax. Giving his blessing to Bruce and Betty, he dies in his daughter's arms.

Ross' body is later stolen by the Leader, who uses the powers of one of his followers to resurrect Ross. He turns him into a mindless replacement for his fallen soldier Redeemer. Ross is eventually recovered and revived by agents of the alien Troyjan and returns to the Air Force. He later comes up with a more cost-effective method of confronting the Hulk when he is in his childlike stage: active non-resistance. He and his men simply do not fire on or engage the Hulk in any way. The Hulk, confused, does not smash and leaps away.

Ross would become friends with Banner, but when Betty is seemingly killed due to what both Ross and Banner believed to have been Banner's gamma-irradiated DNA interacting with hers, he once more pursues the Hulk with a vendetta.

Around this time, General Ryker takes over the pursuit of the Hulk. Ross is indirectly involved, observing when Ryker mentally tortures Banner to try to figure out how the Hulk works. The Hulk escapes from Ryker's control and, after several adventures, is lost in space.

After the Hulk returns from exile and initiates "World War Hulk", General Ross, now a full general, makes his own return, electing to bring the fight to his nemesis once more after the Hulk beats Iron Man. After a failed assault on the Hulk, Ross and his men are captured and placed in chains under the watch of the Hulk's Warbound, the army he has brought back from space. The Hulk is eventually defeated via satellite weapons that revert him back to his human form.

Military branch
Ross' military affiliation has been inconsistently portrayed in the comics. Many early Hulk stories depicted Ross as an Army general trying to capture or destroy the Hulk with a U.S. Army battalion called the "Hulkbusters". However, he is also frequently seen in an Air Force uniform, as in his first appearance in Incredible Hulk #1. Stories about his service during World War II portray him as an Army officer in the U.S. Army Air Corps, as the Air Force was not a separate branch of the Armed Forces until September 18, 1947. In a November 2010 Q&A column, then-Marvel editor-in-chief Joe Quesada clarified that Ross is a member of the U.S. Air Force and that inconsistencies in his uniform can be explained via the artistic license with which artists attempt to present a more dramatic-looking uniform, and that Ross may be a part of a special unit of the U.S. Air Force, or the Marvel Universe's version of it, which has its own unique dress code.

The Army continuity is also followed in various Hulk adaptations, such as in the 1966 and 1996–1998 cartoon versions of the Hulk, the 2003 Ang Lee movie Hulk in which he is portrayed by Sam Elliott, and in the 2008 movie The Incredible Hulk, in which he is portrayed by William Hurt. The Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe: Hulk 2004 issue officially indicates Ross to be a three-star lieutenant general in the U.S. Air Force.

Red Hulk
The Red Hulk (also known as the Rulk or the IncREDible Hulk) was introduced in 2008 in Hulk (vol. 2) #1. The Red Hulk was created to be an uninhibited, tactically intelligent adversary to the Hulk. Although Kenneth Johnson, the creator of the 1970s TV series The Incredible Hulk, had suggested a red Hulk for that adaptation decades earlier, Marvel editor-in-chief Joe Quesada proposed the idea for the comics to debut a red version of the character whose human identity was a secret. Initially, the Red Hulk's identity was unknown both to the characters in the story and to the reading audience.

The opening story arc of the Hulk (vol. 2) series that premiered in 2008 established that the Red Hulk is very aggressive, as he murders the Hulk adversaries the Wendigo and the Abomination; destroys the Helicarrier of the spy organization S.H.I.E.L.D.; defeats several Marvel heroes; and, after causing an earthquake in San Francisco, is finally defeated by the combined efforts of the Hulk and Thor. In a subsequent storyline, the Collector places the character with other villains on a team called the Offenders, an evil version of the Defenders, in a bid to prevent the original Hulk from reuniting with Jarella. In that story, the Red Hulk siphons the Power Cosmic from the Silver Surfer, seemingly killing him, steals his board along with Terrax the Tamer's cosmic ax, and uses the power to go on a killing spree, killing Namor the Sub-Mariner, Tiger Shark, Dr. Strange, Baron Mordo, the Grandmaster, Terrax, a time-displaced Hulk, and the Psycho-Man. However, when the Red Hulk reveals this to Galactus, Galactus swiftly takes back the Power Cosmic from him. Subsequently, almost everyone he killed is brought back to life with no memory of the event.

The Red Hulk was created as part of a Super Soldier program by several persons, including Doc Samson and the criminal think tank the Intelligencia, headed by MODOK. The 2009 "Code Red" story arc also made allusions to the Red Hulk's real identity, and introduced a Red She-Hulk character, when Domino identifies the Red Hulk before his transformation.

In the 2010 story line "Fall of the Hulks: Gamma", the Red Hulk is related in flashback to have killed General Ross at the behest of Bruce Banner, with whom he has formed an alliance. However, the 2010 "World War Hulks" story line reveals that the Red Hulk is Thunderbolt Ross himself, the Red She-Hulk his daughter Betty, and the Ross who was "killed" was a Life Model Decoy used to convince the world that he had died. The Red Hulk then thwarts the Intelligencia's plan to take over the United States with a Life Model Decoy of Glenn Talbot by destroying the Talbot LMD and attempts to take over the country himself. He is thwarted by a restored Hulk, who beats the Red Hulk mostly due to the Red Hulk's exhaustion from overheating. The Hulk tells the Red Hulk that it was his idea to fake Ross' death and that he can never again resume that identity. After imprisoning the Red Hulk in Gamma Base, Banner makes arrangements with Steve Rogers for the Red Hulk to join the Avengers.

After Steve Rogers recruits the Red Hulk, the Red Hulk manages to stop the Intelligencia's failsafe plan "Scorched Earth". Although Banner had claimed that he removed the Red Hulk's energy-draining ability from him because it was killing the Red Hulk, the Red Hulk is shown to still possess this ability. After the events of the Scorched Earth program, the Red Hulk is paired up with a Life Model Decoy named Annie. The Red Hulk is occasionally assaulted by Ross' former protégé General Reginald Fortean, a scientist given superhuman mutations by MODOK named Zero/One, and the Indian serial killer Black Fog.

The Red Hulk plays a vital role in the Infinity Gem crisis of the "Heroic Age" story line. During the 2011 "Fear Itself" story line, the Red Hulk attempts unsuccessfully to stop the Thing (in the form of Angrir, Breaker of Souls) from destroying the Avengers Tower, as MODOK Superior and Black Fog converge on both combatants during the fight. Angrir dispatches the Red Hulk by knocking him out of the city and into Vermont.

As part of the 2012 Marvel NOW! relaunch, the Red Hulk leads a non-government sponsored version of the Thunderbolts. This incarnation is a strike team that cleans up the messes left by Ross' military career, but the team later decides on a new arrangement in which the team will do one mission for Ross, then a mission for a random member.

After the Hulk takes away the powers of Rick Jones, Skaar and Betty Ross, Ross starts monitoring the Hulk's movements. This leads to a battle in which Doc Green subdues the Red Hulk and injects him with a formula that reverts him back to Ross. The Army is alerted to the confrontation. When they arrive, the Army arrests Ross for deserting his country.

The 2016 "Civil War II" storyline reveals that Thunderbolt Ross is incarcerated in a classified military prison.

In 2018's Free Comic Book Day Captain America issue indicates that Ross is no longer incarcerated. Subsequently, in that year's Captain America #1, it is revealed that Ross was paroled for helping a resistance cell during the "Secret Empire" story line and appointed head of the investigation into the attack. However, he was later killed and Captain America was framed for his murder.

During the "Absolute Carnage" storyline, Ross' corpse is later found in a mass grave of Carnage's victims where they had their codices taken out by Carnage.

Ross later turned up alive and was working with the Daughters of Liberty. The Ross that was killed was another Life Model Decoy. At the time when Alexa Lukin and Crossbones had captured Ross, they ordered Cutthroat to finish him off. Ross actually dared Cutthroat to do that. In a turn of events, Ross suddenly regained the ability to become Red Hulk again while maintaining his hair and moustache where he defeated Cutthroat. After taking down some aircraft owned by the Power Elite, Red Hulk met up with Captain America as he salutes him.

Powers and abilities
Marvel editor Mark Paniccia described the Red Hulk as "absolutely uninhibited, tactically intelligent", while writer Jeph Loeb said "The Red Hulk is the kind of Hulk we haven't seen before—a thinking, calculating, brutal weapon-toting kind of Hulk." To further distance the character away from the original: "Everything the Green Hulk isn't, the Red Hulk is. Except, of course, for his powers which are identical. And he looks the same, except he's red. And he's the same size. But other than that, they're complete opposites." The character has abilities almost identical to those of the Hulk. The character can also emit heat at will from his eyes during non-enraged periods and can augment power levels by absorbing various types of energy, such as gamma radiation (in one instance causing the Hulk to revert to alter ego Bruce Banner) and the Power Cosmic. When infected with Cable's techno-organic virus during the "X-Sanction" storyline, he was able to control this heat to burn the virus out of his system. Red Hulk was created through a combination of gamma radiation and cosmic rays. The satellites used to revert the Hulk to human form at the end of World War Hulk were used to power the device used to turn Ross into the Red Hulk. Unlike the green Hulk, the Red Hulk does not revert to human form when rendered unconscious, and his blood is a fluorescent yellow instead of green, remaining that color even in human form. Unlike the green Hulk, who gets stronger as his rage increases, Red Hulk's body temperature rises with his anger. Though the heat is intense enough to melt desert sand into glass, it causes him to weaken when it becomes too intense, as his physiology lacks a cooling mechanism to deal with the excess heat. Red Hulk has also been shown to have a weakness to Negative Zone energy, which caused him burning pain and drained him when he attempted to absorb it.

Reception
In 2009, Thunderbolt Ross was ranked as IGN's 71st Greatest Comic Book Villain of All Time.

Red Hulk
Comics featuring the Red Hulk sold well but received mixed reviews. The first five issues of the 2008 Hulk title sold out, and second printings featured new covers. Issue #6 was the second-best-selling title of September 2008, and issue #10 was sixth in February 2009.

Augie De Blieck Jr. of CBR.com gave the first six issues a positive review, describing it as a "silly fun action romp" and a "popcorn comic". De Blieck liked Loeb's lack of subtlety when giving out clues, saying "this is a book where anytime someone is about reveal the solution to the big mystery, they get knocked out by a slap in the face from the Red Hulk or a machine gun to the gut." His one criticism was that, although he liked the artwork, he would have preferred Dale Keown as the artist.

In 2012 Red Hulk was listed as #41 on IGN's "Top 50 Avengers". IGN reviewer Jesse Schedeen was generally critical of the series, citing a lack of character development and the emphasis on continuous action sequences over the ongoing question of Red Hulk's identity. Schedeen also derided the treatment of other mainstream Marvel characters within the pages of Hulk, saying about issue #5 "The series has already treated She-Hulk and Iron Man like ragdolls who crumple under the awesome might of Red Hulk. Now it's Thor's turn". Claiming bad dialogue, poor pacing and maltreated characters, Schedeen stated that Ed McGuinness' artwork was the only saving grace for the title.

Other versions

 * In the 1995–1996 crossover "Age of Apocalypse", General "Thunderbolt" Ross is a member of the Human High Council, a movement dedicated to protecting humans from the murderous rampages of Apocalypse.
 * In Amalgam Comics, Ross appears as the head of Project Cadmus. He is depicted far more sympathetically, as he adopts Spider-Boy and gives him the name Pete Ross after feeling sorry for the clone. He plays a role similar to Uncle Ben, as he is called "Uncle Gen" by Pete. After he is killed by a mugger, Pete decides to become a hero.
 * In the timeline depicted in Days of Future Past, General Ross ultimately resigned in protest at the government's increased anti-mutant legislation, which he saw as a violation of individual rights due to American citizens.
 * In the 1996–1997 "Heroes Reborn" storyline, Ross is present during World War II and as Captain America protests the use of the atomic bomb on Hiroshima when meeting with U.S. president Harry S. Truman. This prompted Ross to put Nick Fury in charge of the new S.H.I.E.L.D. agency to deal with Captain America. Decades later, Ross was made the Chief of Staff for the United States military. At the time of his first appearance, he was in the hospital recovering from a heart attack. He was visited by his daughter Liz Ross, who was then security chief at Stark International.
 * In the Marvel 1602 sequel 1602: New World, an Admiral Ross of the Royal Navy captains a vessel sent to Roanoke to quell the "Witchbreed", including the 1602 version of the Hulk.
 * In Marvel Mangaverse, General Ross commands an armed space station that unsuccessfully attempts to destroy Galactus but is instead destroyed by him.
 * In the "Marvel Noir" universe, a man named Ross is mentioned by Edwin Jarvis as a person he knew in World War I.
 * In Chris Giarrusso's all-ages series Mini Marvels, Thunderbolt Ross' Red Hulk form is depicted as a friendlier character with limited intelligence, and a friend of the Mini Marvel Green Hulk and Blue Hulk. His human form is seen in the "Hulk Date" story letting Betty go on a date with the Hulk but sends a Hulkbuster robot after him to keep him from trying any "funny stuff".
 * In the alternate world of Newuniversal, General Thad Ross is Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. He comes under criticism for his use of nuclear weapons on superhumans.
 * In the Ultimate Marvel universe, General Ross is an Army General and the head of S.H.I.E.L.D. He later retires from that role and becomes a government liaison to the think tank that runs the Fantastic Four, with General Glenn Talbot assisting him.

Television

 * Thunderbolt Ross appears in The Marvel Super Heroes, voiced by Claude Rae.
 * Thunderbolt Ross appears in The Incredible Hulk (1982), voiced by Robert Ridgely.
 * Thunderbolt Ross appears in The Incredible Hulk (1996), voiced by John Vernon.
 * Thunderbolt Ross makes a non-speaking cameo appearance in the Fantastic Four: World's Greatest Heroes episode "Hard Knocks".
 * Thunderbolt Ross / Red Hulk appears in The Avengers: Earth's Mightiest Heroes, voiced by Keith Ferguson and Fred Tatasciore respectively. This version is a member of Dell Rusk's "Code Red" and leader of the Hulkbusters.
 * Thunderbolt Ross appears in Iron Man: Armored Adventures, voiced by Eric Bauza.
 * Thunderbolt Ross / Red Hulk appears in Hulk and the Agents of S.M.A.S.H., voiced by Clancy Brown. This version transformed himself in an effort to capture the Hulk before eventually allying with him to form the eponymous team while stopping Annihilus' invasion of Earth.
 * Thunderbolt Ross / Red Hulk appears in the Ultimate Spider-Man four-part episode "Contest of Champions", voiced again by Clancy Brown.
 * Additionally, a Marvel Noir-inspired incarnation of Thunderbolt Ross appears in the episode "Return to the Spider-Verse" Pt. 3, also voiced by Brown.
 * Thunderbolt Ross / Red Hulk appears in the Avengers Assemble episodes "U-Foes", "Building the Perfect Weapon", "World War Hulk", four-part episode "Civil War", "The Once and Future Kang", voiced again by Clancy Brown. This version is a member of the Mighty Avengers.
 * Chief Randall Crawford (voiced by Tom Kenny) takes on the form of "Thunderbolt Ross / Red Hulk" in the Paradise PD episode "Welcome to Paradise".
 * Thunderbolt Ross appears in X-Men '97, voiced by Michael Patrick McGill.

Film
General Ross appears in Hulk, portrayed by Sam Elliott. This version is a decorated four-star administrator of Desert Base, later known as Gamma Base, in the 1970s and was colleagues with David Banner. After the murder of David's wife Edith Banner, Ross would continue to supervise David's son Bruce and his daughter Betty Ross at the Berkeley Lab.

Marvel Cinematic Universe
Thaddeus Ross appears in media set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), initially portrayed by William Hurt and subsequently by Harrison Ford after Hurt's death. Director Joe Russo revealed the character's transformation into the Red Hulk was considered during production of Captain America: Civil War, but it was decided that there was not enough room in the narrative to substantiate that development. Screenwriter Christopher Markus stated that Red Hulk's inclusion was briefly considered again in Avengers: Endgame, and that it was possible Ross could evolve into that character one day. Hurt himself stated "I wouldn't mind feeling like I had that much power... I created Thaddeus' ego with the same size as the monster's. With the same degree of messed up-ness. [sic] I'd take a shot at it." Director James Gunn expressed interest in making a film featuring both the Hulk and Red Hulk, but the project never entered development due to conflicts with Universal Pictures, who hold the film rights to the Hulk and his supporting cast.
 * In the live-action film The Incredible Hulk (2008), Ross hunts down Bruce Banner after an experiment in super-soldier genetics turns Banner into the Hulk. The former has Emil Blonsky injected with a flawed recreation of the Super-Soldier Serum to track down Banner, only for Blonsky to go rogue and become the Abomination. After Banner defeats Blonsky, Ross is visited by Tony Stark, who tells him a team is being put together.
 * In the live-action Marvel One-Shot The Consultant, it is revealed that Stark was sent by S.H.I.E.L.D. agents Jasper Sitwell and Phil Coulson as a patsy to sabotage negotiations to have Blonsky in the Avengers Initiative. Ross became so annoyed with Stark that the latter ordered him to be taken out of the bar in which they had met, to which Stark responded by purchasing the bar and scheduling it for demolition.
 * As of the live-action film Captain America: Civil War (2016), Ross has become the U.S. Secretary of State. He presents Stark and the Avengers with the Sokovia Accords, which require all enhanced individuals to be supervised by the United Nations, earning Steve Rogers' contempt. Following the Avengers fracturing over the Accords, Ross imprisons Rogers' allies in the Raft. After Rogers break them out, Ross calls Stark, but Stark ignores him.
 * In the live-action film Avengers: Infinity War (2018), Ross, via remote holographic meeting, orders James Rhodes to arrest Rogers and his allies, but Rhodes rebuffs him.
 * In the live-action film Avengers: Endgame (2019), Ross attends Stark's funeral.
 * In the live-action film Black Widow (2021), which takes place partially during and after the events of Civil War, Ross and his men chase Natasha Romanoff on two separate occasions, but fail to catch her both times.
 * Alternate timeline versions of Ross appear in the Disney+ animated series What If...?, voiced by Michael Patrick McGill. In the episode "What If... the World Lost Its Mightiest Heroes?", a variant of Ross leads a squad of soldiers in hunting Banner, who is secretly murdered by Hank Pym. In the episode "What If... Killmonger Rescued Tony Stark?", another variant of Ross entrusts Erik "Killmonger" Stevens to lead an army of Vibranium-based robots in an assault on Wakanda. In the episode "What If... Ultron Won?", a third variant of Ross is killed when Ultron takes control of the global arsenal of nuclear weapons and unleashes a nuclear holocaust.
 * Ross will appear in the live-action films Captain America: Brave New World and Thunderbolts*.  Red Hulk will also appear in Brave New World, but it has not been confirmed if the Red Hulk will be Ross in this continuity.

Video games

 * Thunderbolt Ross makes a minor appearance in the Hulk film tie-in game.
 * Thunderbolt Ross appears in The Incredible Hulk: Ultimate Destruction, voiced by Dave Thomas.
 * Thunderbolt Ross appears in The Incredible Hulk (2008) film tie-in game, voiced by William Hurt. Additionally, the Red Hulk appears as a playable character in the GameStop-exclusive Xbox 360 version.
 * Red Hulk appears as an alternate costume for the Hulk in Marvel: Ultimate Alliance 2, Marvel Super Hero Squad, Marvel vs. Capcom 3: Fate of Two Worlds, Ultimate Marvel vs. Capcom 3, Marvel Super Hero Squad: The Infinity Gauntlet, and Marvel vs. Capcom: Infinite.
 * Red Hulk appears as a playable character in Marvel Super Hero Squad Online, voiced by Tom Kenny.
 * Red Hulk appears as an unlockable character in Marvel: Avengers Alliance.
 * Thunderbolt Ross / Red Hulk appears as a playable character in Lego Marvel Super Heroes, voiced by John DiMaggio and again by Fred Tatasciore respectively.
 * Red Hulk appears as a playable character in Marvel: Contest of Champions.
 * Red Hulk appears as a playable character in Marvel: Future Fight.
 * Thunderbolt Ross / Red Hulk appears as a playable character in Lego Marvel's Avengers.
 * Red Hulk appears as a playable character in Marvel Puzzle Quest.
 * Thunderbolt Ross / Red Hulk appears as a playable character in Lego Marvel Super Heroes 2.

Merchandise
Red Hulk has been merchandised in the form of action figures and miniature statues.

title: Thunderbolt Ross


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User:TheBadge

HELLO

title: User:TheBadge


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Bainbridge's

Bainbridge's (company name Bainbridge & Co) was a major department store in Eldon Square in the centre of Newcastle upon Tyne, England. The store, which is now branded as John Lewis Newcastle, moved to its current site in 1974, but the company dates back to 1838. It claimed to be the first true department store in the world, having begun recording weekly turnover separately by department in 1849. In 2002, after a vote by store employees, the owner John Lewis changed the official name to John Lewis Newcastle.

History
The store dates back to 1838, when Emerson Muschamp Bainbridge went into partnership with William Alder Dunn and opened a drapers and fashion shop in Newcastle's Market Street. Despite success the two partners fell out and went their separate ways. Their partnership was dissolved in 1841.

In 1849 there were 23 separate departments, with weekly takings recorded by department, the basis for its claim to be the world's first true department store. This ledger survives and is now kept in the archives of the John Lewis Partnership. Emerson became the sole proprietor in 1855. By the 1870s there were more than forty retail departments. Emerson Bainbridge died in 1892 and his sons took over the business. In that same year, Bainbridge's employed a staff of 600 in Newcastle, and the store had 11,705 square yards of floor space. In 1897 the business became a private limited company. During the Depression, which hit the Newcastle area badly, the store introduced agents who operated in less prosperous areas, collecting payments in weekly instalments. This meant that people on low incomes could continue to buy from the shop and it kept the Bainbridge name and reputation known in areas where otherwise it might have faded away.

In 1952 an offer from the John Lewis Partnership was accepted and ownership transferred to John Lewis in the following year, although the store continued to operate under the Bainbridge brand alongside the words "A branch of the John Lewis Partnership". The John Lewis takeover allowed much needed capital investment into the store, making it into one of the leading department stores in the UK by 1974. In 1976 the store was relocated to the Eldon Square shopping centre in the city, and was at the time the largest John Lewis store outside London.

In 2002 further refurbishment took place, and in the same year (following a suggestion from the store partners) the store was re-branded as John Lewis.

At the time of its demise, the Bainbridge name was one of the longest continuously traded department store brands in the world.

In 2008, a Waitrose supermarket, also owned by the John Lewis Partnership, opened in an extension to Eldon Square, constructed in the undercroft area that was formerly occupied by Eldon Square bus station. The Waitrose was across the mall from the basement entrance of John Lewis, but is not linked to it directly. The Waitrose closed in November 2022.

title: Bainbridge's


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Edward Harris, 4th Earl of Malmesbury

Edward James Harris, 4th Earl of Malmesbury DL (12 April 1842 – 19 May 1899), was a British peer, the son of Admiral the Honourable Sir Edward Harris and the grandson of James Harris, 2nd Earl of Malmesbury. His maternal grandparents were Captain Samuel Chambers and Susan Mathilda Wylly; he was descended from David Mathews, the Loyalist Mayor of New York City during the American Revolutionary War and the Schuyler family.

Lord Malmesbury married Sylvia Georgina Stewart on 16 November 1870. They had three children:

 * James Edward Harris, 5th Earl of Malmesbury (1872–1950).
 * Hon. Alexander Charles Harris (1872–1927), died unmarried.
 * Colonel Hon. Alfred Frederick William Harris (1877–1943), died unmarried.

title: Edward Harris, 4th Earl of Malmesbury


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User talk:Höyhens

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay.

Here are some tips to help you get started:
 * Try our tutorial, and feel free to experiment in the test area.
 * Keep the Five Pillars of Wikipedia in mind, and remember to write from a neutral point of view.
 * Sign your posts on talk pages using the '~' symbol. To insert just your name, type ~~~, or, to insert your name and timestamp, use ~~~~.
 * Eventually, you might want to read the Manual of Style and Policies and Guidelines.
 * Explore, be bold in editing pages, and, most importantly, have fun!

If you have any questions, see the help pages, ask a question at the village pump or ask me on my talk page. Again, welcome, and good luck!

-- Kirill Lokshin 12:19, August 21, 2005 (UTC)

WikiProject Romania
--Codrin.B (talk) 06:10, 21 January 2012 (UTC)

 * I am interested, yes. I'll see if I have still time to that. Thank You for invitation. --Höyhens (talk) 03:00, 22 January 2012 (UTC)

Articles for deletion/Homokaasu
Thought it best to get consensus. Personally, I think it looks like rubbish. Peridon (talk) 12:37, 24 September 2012 (UTC)
 * Alright. --Höyhens (talk) 12:54, 24 September 2012 (UTC)

Euraasian talousunioni
Hei, jonkun täytyy olla lähestulkoon sokea, kun Euraasian talousunionia käsittelevä artikkeli on nimetty suomenkielisessä Wikipediassa Euraasian unioniksi. Heti artikkelin alussa ja infolaatikossa lukee ihan selvästi "venäjäksi: Евразийский экономический союз, valkovenäjäksi: Еўразійскі эканамічны саюз, kazakiksi: Еуразиялық Экономикалық Одақ, armeniaksi: Եվրասիական տնտեսական միություն" ei "Евразийский союз, Еўразійскі саюз, Еуразиялық Одақ, Եվրասիական միություն". Lisäksi kaikki muunkieliset Wikipediat käyttävät oikeaa nimeä Euraasian talousunioni. --85.76.3.8 (talk) 23:42, 22 February 2015 (UTC)
 * This should be discussed in Finnish Wikipedia, and it has been to an end. --Höyhens (talk) 20:56, 24 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Niin pitäisi, mutta miten täällä onkaan toimittu? --85.76.4.156 (talk) 14:46, 25 February 2015 (UTC)
 * We should talk here about the topics in English. Matters of Finnish Wikipedia should be considered there only. If You have been hindered there, try Your own page, please. I won't discuss more here. --Höyhens (talk) 07:49, 26 February 2015 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 13:08, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 13:33, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

Käkisalmen lääni
Hei, miksi Käkisalmen lääni on laitettu Suomen alueeseen kuuluneeksi? Samoin täällä. --Area shifts (talk) 00:32, 3 February 2020 (UTC)

 * This is a matter of discussion. The sout-eastern borders of Finland have been quite unstable in the history between Novgorod/Russia and Sweden. Well, Finland was hundreds of years only one province (maakunta) of Sweden. Käkisalmen lääni (Kexholm County) was 1580–1595 and 1617–1710 an administrative area of Sweden, like the other Finland, but not exactly a part of Finland. In i.e. Finnish Wikipedia has a map there are mentioned Swedish Slottslän organization in Finland in 1600's, without Käkisalmi area. Later the towns of Priozersk (Käkisalmi/Kexholm), Viipuri (Vyborg) and Sortavala belonged to Finland, but in Viipurin lääni (Vyborg governement, or as in English Wikipedia Viipuri Province. Now the most parts of these belong to Russia, excluding the northernmost parts of ancient Käkisälmen lääni, like towns Mikkeli, Kuopio, Savonlinna, Joensuu, as a part of Finland. So, as if great parts, the northernmost, of old Swedish Käkisalmen lääni are still a part of Finland, the lääni itself has never in fact been a part of Finland, but a part of Sweden. I am aware that this kinky point has other opinions, too. It is good to understand, that the words lääni (län) and maakunta (province) mean different things. --Höyhens (talk) 19:44, 3 February 2020 (UTC)

 * On totta kai selvää, että Suomen läänit ovat eri asia kuin Suomen historialliset maakunnat ja Suomen maakunnat. Yhtä selvää on myös, että Käkisalmen lääni ei kuulunut Ruotsin alaiseen Suomen alueeseen, vaan hallittiin suoraan Ruotsista kuten Inkeriäkin. Siksi nämä vanhojen versioiden palautukset ihmetyttävät: Suomen läänit: palautettu takaisinpäin ja Provinces of Finland 1634 - 1640, 1650 - 1721.svg sekä myös Provinces of Finland 1640 - 1641.svg, Provinces of Finland 1641 - 1642.svg, Provinces of Finland 1642 - 1646.svg, Provinces of Finland 1647 - 1648.svg ja Provinces of Finland 1648 - 1650.svg. --Area shifts (talk) 18:09, 5 February 2020 (UTC)

 * Tätä olen minäkin ihmetellyt tuloksetta. --Höyhens (talk) 13:25, 6 February 2020 (UTC)

title: User talk:Höyhens


text:
User talk:Roseblossom

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay.

Here are some tips to help you get started:
 * Try our tutorial, and feel free to experiment in the test area.
 * Keep the Five Pillars of Wikipedia in mind, and remember to write from a neutral point of view.
 * Sign your posts on talk pages using the '~' symbol. To insert just your name, type ~~~, or, to insert your name and timestamp, use ~~~~.
 * Eventually, you might want to read the Manual of Style and Policies and Guidelines.
 * Explore, be bold in editing pages, and, most importantly, have fun!

If you have any questions, see the help pages, ask a question at the village pump or ask me on my talk page. Again, welcome, and good luck!

-- Kirill Lokshin 12:19, August 21, 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Roseblossom


text:
Ketil Stokkan

Ketil Stokkan (born 29 April 1956) is a Norwegian pop artist who has performed as solo artist as well as the singer in the Norwegian band Zoo.

Stokkan was born in Harstad. In 1983 he participated in the Norwegian qualifying heat for Eurovision with the song "Samme charmeur" which was placed second. In 1986 he won the national Melodi Grand Prix with the song "Romeo", written by himself, which came 12th on homeground in the Eurovision Song Contest final, which that year was held in Bergen, Norway. In 1990 he won the national final again with the song "Brandenburger Tor", the song ended up last tied with Finland. Stokkan now works as a school teacher in Nordkjosbotn in Balsfjord Municipality.

Stokkan is also an outspoken Odd Fellow.

Stokkan also participated in Melodi Grand Prix 2021 with the song "My Life Is OK".

Zoo

 * 1978 – Captured in Zoo
 * 1978 – Guilty
 * 1979 – Noregs heitaste
 * 1980 – Z på maken
 * 1981 – Gaya
 * 1982 – Shagalai
 * 1994 – Zoobra
 * 2000 – Evig ung

Solo

 * 1983 – Samme charmeur (single)
 * 1984 – Gentlemen's agreement
 * 1985 – Ekte mannfolk
 * 1986 – Romeo
 * 1988 – Øyan dine (single)
 * 1989 – Nexus – Back to my roots (single)
 * 1990 – Stokkan Band – Brandenburger Tor (single)
 * 1991 – Stokkan Band – Beina på jorda (single)
 * 1994 – Stokkan – To the bone
 * 1996 – All that blues from Norway (Samle-CD/Div. Art.)
 * 1998 – Æ e` Nordlending (Samle-CD/Din NN-Art)
 * 2001 – Evig Ung. Gamlegutta i ZOO aktive igjen med samle-CD

title: Ketil Stokkan


text:
Coleford, Devon

Coleford is a small hamlet in Mid-Devon, England. It includes a pub, The New Inn with their resident parrot of over 40 years Captain, and also has a park.

Coleford Junction at nearby Penstone is the place where the Tarka Line from Crediton to Barnstaple splits from the later Dartmoor line to Okehampton.

History
Charles I came through Coleford on 27 July 1644 on his way to Bow, where he spent a night during the English Civil War. At that time Coleford village was on the main highway from Cornwall to Devon. There is a tradition that the King reviewed his horse troop, from the "Porched House", a building which dates from this time.

Henry Kingsley's novel The Recollections of Geoffry Hamlyn is set partly in the village.

title: Coleford, Devon


text:
Bickelhaupt Arboretum

Bickelhaupt Arboretum (14 acres) is a non-profit arboretum located in Clinton, Iowa. It is open dawn to dusk daily without charge.

The arboretum was established by Bob and Frances Bickelhaupt around their home and given to the public in 1970. The Bickelhaupts grouped tree plantings by genus. Major collections include maple (Acer), birch (Betula), hickory (Carya), beech (Fagus), ash (Fraxinus), honeylocust (Gleditsia), magnolia (Magnolia), ornamental crabapple (Malus), oak (Quercus), linden (Tilia) and elm (Ulmus). Other specimens include alders (Alnus), pecan (Carya illinoinensis), hackberry (Celtis occidentalis), dogwoods (Cornus), ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba), thornless honeylocust (Gleditsia triacanthos var. inermis), Kentucky coffeetree (Gymnocladus dioicus), black tupelo (Nyssa), swamp white oak (Quercus bicolor), willows (Salix), and baldcypress (Taxodium). The arboretum also includes outstanding conifer specimens of spruce, pine, fir, douglas fir and larch.

The arboretum's collection of garden conifers contains over 600 accessions from 14 genera hardy in USDA Hardiness Zones 4a to 6a, each labeled with botanical and common names. These including over 100 one-of-a-kind Witches' Brooms, of which 3 are naturally occurring. The arboretum also includes a selection of ornamental shrubs with major collections including boxwood (Buxus), hydrangea, roses (Rosa), lilacs (Syringa), and viburnum.

The arboretum's grounds also include a butterfly garden, a country garden, a daylily (Hemerocallis) collection (including 54 Stout Medal winners), the Mercy Hospice Herb Garden (featuring more than 60 herb specimens), the National Hosta Display Garden (featuring over 200 cultivars), perennials, prairie grasses, a rock garden and a wildflower garden.

title: Bickelhaupt Arboretum


text:
Television studies

Television studies is an academic discipline that deals with critical approaches to television. Usually, it is distinguished from mass communication research, which tends to approach the topic from a social sciences perspective. Defining the field is problematic; some institutions and syllabuses do not distinguish it from media studies or classify it as a subfield of popular culture studies.

One form of television studies is roughly equivalent to the longer-standing discipline of film studies in that it is often concerned with textual analysis yet other approaches center more on the social functions of television. For example, analyses of quality television, such as Cathy Come Home and Twin Peaks, have attracted the interests of researchers for their cinematic qualities. However, television studies can also incorporate the study of television viewing and how audiences make meaning from texts, which is commonly known as audience theory or reception theory.

History
Charlotte Brunsdon argues that television studies is an "aspirationally disciplinary name given to the academic study of television." Since it is a relatively new discipline, Brunsdon notes that "...many of the key television scholars are employed in departments of sociology, politics, communication arts, speech, theatre, media and film studies." She argues that television studies developed during the 1970s and 1980s "...from three major bodies of commentary on television: journalism, literary/dramatic criticism and the social sciences." Critical methods for television have been "...extrapolated from traditional literary and dramatic criticism." Horace Newcomb argues that television studies scholars often need to justify their academic focus: "[T]he mere suggestion that television needs analysis itself requires supportive argument."

As a result, television studies is marked by a great deal of "disciplinary hybridity." Perhaps because television scholars are approaching the subject from so many different disciplinary and theoretical perspectives, there are many debates about how television should be understood and conceptualized from a political and methodological point of view. Another impact of the disciplinary hybridity is the diversity in the types of studies carried out. Early television studies included histories of television, biographies of television producers, archival research by historians, and sociological studies of the role the television set played in 1950s homes.

In television studies, television and other mass media forms are "...conceptualised within frameworks" such as "...ownership; national and international regulation of media production and distribution; professional ideologies; public opinion; [and] media audiences." As the field of television studies was being developed, it was influenced by the medium's longstanding issue of invoking "distrust, fear and contempt", as a purported cause of social ills. As well, television scholars had to prove that television was different from other "mass media", often by pointing to how television differed from radio and cinema.

In the 1970s and 1980s, television studies developed three strands of commentary:
 * A journalistic approach, which reviews recent television programs
 * A literary and dramatic criticism approach, which examines the television screenwriter in the same way that literary and dramatic criticism examines novels and plays
 * A social science approach, which examines production and distribution, and the function of television in society.

The social science stream examined the social function and effects of television and analyzed the role that television plays in the social order and the public sphere. Some television scholars applied Marxist frameworks or the "critical sociology of the Frankfurt School". Since the 1970s, feminist television scholars have focused "... on programmes for women and those which have key female protagonists", such as Julie D'Acci's study of the police drama Cagney and Lacey and the "...now substantial literature on soap opera." Television studies in the 1990s includes "work on the definition and interpretation of the television text and the new media ethnographies of viewing" and histories of "production studies" - how television shows are developed, financed, and produced.

While some predicted the end of television (or at least of the broadcast TV), some scholars claim that television "has never been so healthy and triumphant as nowadays".

Television scholars
Scholars who principally work in television studies include:

 * Ien Ang
 * Jeremy G. Butler
 * John Ellis
 * Jane Feuer
 * John Fiske
 * John Hartley
 * Henry Jenkins
 * Amanda D. Lotz
 * Toby Miller
 * Jason Mittell
 * Horace Newcomb
 * Neil Postman
 * Lynn Spigel
 * Raymond Williams

Museums

 * The Paley Center for Media in New York City and Los Angeles

Journals
The following journals are either devoted to television studies or, at the least, frequently include TV-studies essays.
 * Journal of Cinema and Media Studies — published by the Society for Cinema and Media Studies.
 * Critical Studies in Television: Scholarly Studies in Small Screen Fictions — a print journal and online research resource, published by Manchester University Press.
 * Flow — an online journal of television and media studies published biweekly by the Department of Radio-TV-Film at the University of Texas at Austin.
 * Historical Journal of Film, Radio and Television — journal of The International Association for Media and History
 * Journal of Film and Video — published by the University Film and Video Association.
 * Jump Cut — review of contemporary media.
 * Media Industries Journal — peer reviewed and open-access.
 * New Review of Film and Television Studies — edited by Warren Buckland at Oxford Brookes University, UK
 * Screen — film and TV journal, particularly influential during the 1970s and 1980s.
 * The Velvet Light Trap — long-running film and media journal.

title: Television studies


text:
1999–2000 in Scottish football

The 1999–2000 season was the 103rd season of competitive football in Scotland.

Scottish Third Division
In the 1999–2000 Scottish Third Division, Queen's Park pipped Berwick Rangers to the title on the final day of the season with a 3–2 victory at Cowdenbeath, Berwick finished second and due to league reconstruction Forfar Athletic were also promoted in third place.

Scottish clubs in Europe
Average coefficient – 5.125

Scotland national team
Key:
 * (A) = Away match
 * (H) = Home match
 * ECQG6 = European Championship Qualifying – Group 6
 * ECQPO = European Championship Qualifying – Playoff

title: 1999–2000 in Scottish football


text: Category:Earth Crisis albums

title: Category:Earth Crisis albums


text:
Transcendental chess

Transcendental chess (TC) also known as pre-chess, is a chess variant invented in 1978 by Maxwell Lawrence. Chess960 (Fischer random chess) is similar but has fewer starting positions. In transcendental chess the beginning positions of the pieces on the back row are randomly determined, with the one restriction that the bishops be on opposite-colored squares. There are 8,294,400 such positions in total. In Chess960 there are 960 possible starting positions, but that is because the king must be located between the rooks and both sides must have the same starting position. In transcendental chess there is no such rule so the position of one side can be any of 42×6!÷22 = 2,880. There is no castling. On the first turn a player, instead of making a move, can transpose any two pieces on the back row.

In Chess960 the back rows are mirror images, but in transcendental chess the setup of black and white is different 2,879 out of every 2,880 times (there being a 1-in-2,880 chance that both sides will draw the same setup). This can create inequalities in the position. One way to equalize these inequalities is to play a couplet: the players play two games with the same setup, one each as white and as black. To win the couplet, a player must win at least one game and draw or win the other. The other way to equalize the opening positions is auction transcendental chess, in which each player bids to give their opponent extra opening moves in order to play the side of the board they want.

In orthodox chess, innovations in opening play are increasingly hard to come by, with most good players having processed an extensive catalogue of opening moves—novelties tend to occur later in the game. Transcendental chess offers opening complexity and novelty immediately because every game starts in a dense and unfamiliar position.

Variations

 * D-chess: Similar to transcendental chess, but only one game is needed to be played against each opponent as the unequal starting positions are equalized with the weaker side having the option to transpose two pieces and then gets to move first.

title: Transcendental chess


text:
User talk:Peter Atwood

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay.

Here are some tips to help you get started:
 * Try our tutorial, and feel free to experiment in the test area.
 * Keep the Five Pillars of Wikipedia in mind, and remember to write from a neutral point of view.
 * Sign your posts on talk pages using the '~' symbol. To insert just your name, type ~~~, or, to insert your name and timestamp, use ~~~~.
 * Eventually, you might want to read the Manual of Style and Policies and Guidelines.
 * Explore, be bold in editing pages, and, most importantly, have fun!

If you have any questions, see the help pages, ask a question at the village pump or ask me on my talk page. Again, welcome, and good luck!

-- Kirill Lokshin 12:28, August 21, 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Peter Atwood


text:
Talk:The Agony Scene

Untitled
Took out the lines about the band being named after the agony scene in the bible. Name was random, that it had similarities to a biblical scene was random. - JL — Preceding unsigned comment added by 74.194.241.106 (talk) 21:52, 18 June 2011 (UTC)

The linked website is down, someone replace it with a real/myspace one, I'm at work so just removing the link. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 165.146.22.224 (talk) 13:11, 26 February 2009 (UTC)

How'd a band that got into so much trouble get signed to a Christian label? Did their legal troubles get them in trouble with the label? Dawhitfield 12:28, 21 August 2005 (UTC)

I'm wondering not only how they're on a Christian record label, but also how the contributors know this stuff (especially about the binge drinking, homosexual parties, etc.). I would question the accuracy of this article, not because I don't believe bands wold do that stuff, but because I don't believe people would find out about it.

Probably original research. Then again, in and around Tulsa, where these people are fairly well known, the stories aren't that hard to come by; the parties always had shitloads of people there, so it isn't as if what went on is any sort of secret.Timmybiscool 17:19, 20 September 2005 (UTC)

Wasn't there another bass player? When they toured on their first album they had another guy that doesn't seem to be listed here anywhere. I actually met him after he had left the band. Can't remember his name though. Also, it would be really nice if there was some more actual information about the band itself, rather than the criminal records of its former members (and one current member). What's there so far doesn't seem to be a completely full and fair representation of the band even if it is all true. Perfect13thStep 07:06, 5 October 2005 (UTC)

Hmm... An anonymous user removed the text "(it is alleged that these parties involved narcotics, binge drinking, and homosexual group sex)" yesterday. No comments left. The IP is from AOL and (possibly) in New York City. Legitimate edit or cover-up? Perfect13thStep 18:30, 11 January 2006 (UTC)

Why is this a redirect from Jacob Hacker? I just see external links at the bottom that reference some guy in prison with that name. Jacob Hacker is a Yale professor and author so I would think that takes precedence. 67.116.237.164 07:04, 10 January 2007 (UTC)

Even though they were signed to a christian label doesn't mean they're christian, right? The latest edit to the wiki says they're contemporary christian. But yet later it states that they said they are not. Doesn't that conflict with itself? Now I'm not really sure of the technical terms that Contemporary christian goes by, meaning that: "the music they make can have religious themes, but it doesn't mean they're christian".--is that the kind of quote a person would need in order for that to stay on the page? I just don't want to go around deleting so called "facts".(oh yeah, would this go here, or would I move it down in a new section under the discussion about the picture??) Detectivefingerling1 02:26, 8 August 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Darkest redcover.jpg
Image:Darkest redcover.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in Wikipedia articles constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.BetacommandBot 01:03, 3 June 2007 (UTC)

The genre of the Agony Scene
So lately I noticed that the genre of the band has been changed quite often to sometimes genres not even similar to the bands actual style, So now I'm wondering what people should really consider them as. On their mysapce page it says hardcore/metal, so does that mean that in the main introductuion to the page it shoud say: "...is a hardcore metal band from..."? And yes I still think that part where the intro talks about the band being a combination of hardcore and thrash metal should stay. But should the genre mentioned in the intro be metalcore, or hardcore metal?(isn't that the same thing?) because it still has some of both I guess, depends on what the people think. Detectivefingerling1 05:29, 17 August 2007 (UTC)

the agony arn't together anymore
i live with a couple of the members. they planned to break up right after a planned tour in late feb to late march oversea's but the label found out about it and dropped them putting a life once lost in their place. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 69.30.170.178 (talk) 23:38, 7 March 2008 (UTC)

Dead external links to Allmusic website – January 2011
Since Allmusic have changed the syntax of their URLs, 1 link(s) used in the article do not work anymore and can't be migrated automatically. Please use the search option on http://www.allmusic.com to find the new location of the linked Allmusic article(s) and fix the link(s) accordingly, prefereably by using the Allmusic template. If a new location cannot be found, the link(s) should be removed. This applies to the following external links: --CactusBot (talk) 18:54, 1 January 2011 (UTC)
 * http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=560649

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on The Agony Scene. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20080129201936/http://www.roadrunnerrecords.com/blabbermouth.net/news.aspx?mode=Article&newsitemID=89436 to http://www.roadrunnerrecords.com/blabbermouth.net/news.aspx?mode=Article&newsitemID=89436

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Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 18:10, 26 December 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:The Agony Scene


text:
Oracle Applications

Oracle Applications comprise the applications software or business software of the Oracle Corporation both in the cloud and on-premises. The term refers to the non-database and non-middleware parts. The suite of applications includes enterprise resource planning, enterprise performance management, supply chain & manufacturing, human capital management, and advertising and customer experience.

Oracle initially launched its application suite with financials software in the late 1980s. By 2009, the offering extended to supply chain management, human-resource management, warehouse-management, customer-relationship management, call-center services, product-lifecycle management, and many other areas. Both in-house expansion and the acquisition of other companies have vastly expanded Oracle's application software business.

In February 2007, Oracle released Oracle E-Business Suite (EBS/e-BS) Release 12 (R12) – a bundling of several Oracle Applications. The release date coincided with new releases of other Oracle-owned products: JD Edwards EnterpriseOne, Siebel Systems and PeopleSoft.

Oracle also has a portfolio of enterprise applications for the cloud (SaaS) known as Oracle Fusion Cloud Applications. These cloud applications include Oracle Cloud ERP, Oracle Cloud EPM, Oracle Cloud HCM, Oracle Cloud SCM, and Oracle Advertising and CX.

Cloud applications
Oracle provides SaaS applications also known as Oracle Fusion Cloud Applications. The following enterprise cloud applications are available on Oracle Cloud.

 * Oracle Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Cloud
 * Oracle Enterprise Performance Management (EPM) Cloud
 * Oracle Human Capital Management (HCM) Cloud
 * Oracle Supply Chain Management (SCM) Cloud
 * Oracle Advertising and Customer Experience (CX) Cloud

Oracle Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)
Oracle Cloud ERP is a cloud-based ERP software application suite that manages enterprise functions including accounting, financial management, project management, and procurement.

Oracle Enterprise Performance Management (EPM)
Oracle Cloud EPM is a cloud-based EPM software application suite that manages enterprise operational processes including planning, budgeting, and reporting.

Oracle Human Capital Management (HCM)
Oracle Cloud HCM is a cloud-based HCM software application suite that manages global HR, talent, and workforce management. Oracle Cloud HCM was released in 2011 as a part of Oracle Fusion Applications.

 Oracle Supply Chain Management (SCM)
Oracle Cloud SCM, also known as Oracle Supply Chain & Manufacturing, is a cloud-based SCM software application suite used by companies to build and manage intelligent supply chains. This includes support for procurement, order management, manufacturing, product lifecycle management, maintenance, logistics, and supply chain planning and execution.

Oracle Advertising and Customer Experience (CX)
Oracle Advertising and Customer Experience (CX) is a cloud-based application suite that includes tools for advertising, marketing, sales, e-commerce, and customer service. The suite also includes:
 * Oracle CX (with Oracle Sales, Oracle Service, Oracle Marketing, Oracle Commerce)
 * Oracle Advertising (with Oracle Activation and Oracle MOAT Measurement)

Industry vertical applications

 * ATG / Endeca—also branded as on-premises "Oracle Commerce"
 * Oracle Retail
 * Micros (Retail and Hospitality, acquired post 2012)
 * Primavera
 * Agile
 * AutoVue (for processing CAD and graphics data)

NetSuite
Acquired by Oracle in 2016, NetSuite is a cloud-based enterprise software company that provides products and services tailored for small and medium-sized businesses (SMBs). This includes support for accounting and financial management, customer relationship management, inventory management, human capital management, payroll, procurement, project management and e-commerce. In 2019, NetSuite moved onto Oracle Cloud.

On-premises applications

 * Oracle E-Business Suite
 * Oracle PeopleSoft
 * Oracle Siebel CRM
 * Oracle JD Edwards EnterpriseOne
 * Oracle JD Edwards World
 * Endeca
 * Inquira
 * Silver Creek
 * Datanomic
 * Hyperion
 * Campus Solutions

Oracle's E-Business Suite (also known as EB-Suite/EBS, eBus or "E-Biz" ) consists of a collection of enterprise resource planning (ERP), customer relationship management (CRM), human capital management (HCM), and supply-chain management (SCM) computer applications either developed or acquired by Oracle. The software utilizes Oracle's core Oracle relational database management system technology. The E-Business Suite contains several product lines often known by short acronyms.

Significant technologies incorporated into the applications include the Oracle database technologies, (engines for RDBMS, PL/SQL, Java, .NET, HTML and XML), the "technology stack" (Oracle Forms Server, Oracle Reports Server, Apache Web Server, Oracle Discoverer, Jinitiator and Sun's Java).

It makes the following enterprise applications available as part of Oracle eBusiness Suite:
 * Asset Lifecycle Management
 * Customer Relationship Management (CRM)
 * Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)
 * Human Capital Management (HCM)
 * Procurement
 * Product Life-cycle Management
 * Supply Chain Management
 * Manufacturing

title: Oracle Applications


text:
Talk:Peugeot 605

It needs to be stated where precisely this vehicle went on sale; in which markets was it to be found? Arcturus 12:31, 21 August 2005 (UTC)

Turbo Engine Reliability
"A 2.0-liter (8-valve) turbocharged 4-cylinder petrol engine (150 bhp) was added in 1991 and provided good performance but proved unreliable". Could we have a citation for this please? I've worked on this engine a lot and am not aware of any reliability issues, except when people fiddle with the boost of the turbo without adjusting the fueling to match. Davetibbs 09:14, 3 September 2007 (UTC)

Anti Peugeot rantings
It seems to me that a few Peugeot and Citroën car articles (605, XM, 607, CX, etc) have been written and edited by Citroën worshippers who only have one message: Citroën = good, Peugeot = bad and all kinds of conspiracy theories about evil plots by the top brass of Peugeot to destroy Citroën. This is just editorializing and POV, seems to me. Please stick to the facts. Hektor 20:08, 29 April 2006 (UTC)

 * 2.0-liter 8-valve carbureted inline-4, 84 kW
 * 2.0-liter 8-valve fuel-injected inline-4, 79 kW
 * 2.0-litre 8-valve fuel-injected inline-4, 89 kW
 * 2.0-litre 8-valve fuel-injected turbocharged inline-4, 108 kW
 * 2.0-litre 16-valve fuel-injected inline-4, 97 kW
 * 3.0-liter 12-valve fuel-injected V-6, 123 kW
 * 3.0-liter 24-valve fuel-injected V-6, 147 kW
 * 2.9-liter 24-valve fuel-injected V-6 142 kW

correct information is this! First 4 motor is old type engines with 8 - valve.

84kW is carbrated version and this is very rare. 79kW has engine with "mono injection" (I don't know if this is right word, sorry about my bad english) fuel inject system. 89kW this is same as two earlier but have different fuel-inject system (built by webber) 108kW version is same as previous but with turbo. (Early 90's)

some years later the 8-valve engine was eplaced to 16-valve engine what gives 97kW.

both V6 3.0 liter engines was produced since year 89'

2.9-liter V6 engine (somtimes called also 3.0) was in assortment only late 90's

This is correct information!! if someone change it in the page you can always see right information hier! Sorry my quite bad english. Greetings :)

a fantastic car .it's fast ,beautiful,it has grate handling ,grate confort,big space,full optional ,luxurious car ,economical

Direct injection misinformation
It says in the main article "Later, a 2.5 turbodiesel (130 bhp) completed the diesel lineup, then the 2.1 was converted to direct injection.". This is just complete rubbish. The first direct injection diesel was the 2.0 HDI and later the 2.2. Neither was fitted to the 605. There was no direct injection 2.1.Dieselnutjob (talk) 13:28, 8 May 2011 (UTC)
 * I think I agree with you and have adjusted the text. Please make sure you agree my change, and as necessary improve it.   (I am not a Peugeot expert: I think you may be.)  Regards Charles01 (talk) 13:39, 8 May 2011 (UTC)

title: Talk:Peugeot 605


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Bruce Berman

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was Delete. HappyCamper 13:15, 28 August 2005 (UTC)

Bruce Berman
Non-notable, maybe vanity.Zander 12:32, 21 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Page that provides no context, nn-bio, we might even have speedied this. --DrTorstenHenning 13:05, 21 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy No assertion of notability Dottore So 19:16, 21 August 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
History of the Singapore Police Force

The History of the Singapore Police Force is a long one, and in many ways, has paralleled the astronomical economic growth of the country the force is tasked to protect. From a staff of eleven men based in a simple attap hut, the force has grown to over 36,000 men and women, basing their operations from thirty-two Neighbourhood Police Centres (NPCs), sixty Neighbourhood Police Posts (NPPs), and various other land and marine establishments spread across the country.

Early years
The Singapore Police Force has a heritage almost as old as that of modern Singapore, having been formed in 1820 with a skeleton force of 11 men under the command of Francis James Bernard, son-in-law of William Farquhar. With no background nor knowledge on policing, Bernard had to work from scratch, as well as occasionally turning to Farquhar for help. In addition, he held multiple roles as magistrate, chief jailer, harbour master, marine storekeeper, as well as personal assistants to Farquhar.

Despite these constraints, Bernard managed to establish the force by recruiting a jemadar (Asian sergeant), eight peons (patrolmen), a jailer, and a Malay writer, kept in operation by a monthly budget of $300. It is likely that some of these men were recruited from amongst the Indian sepoys brought to the settlement by its founder, Sir Stamford Raffles. Manpower constraints meant that the men had to perform a wide range of roles, and required the help of headmen amongst the various ethnic communities to maintain orderliness on the streets, all the more possible as the communities lived in segregated areas around the city.

This partnership with the community was in line with Raffles's vision of a thriving colony largely self-regulated by local social structures, with the British masters administrating it via indirect rule. The large influx of migrants from China, however, began to test this system when the hands-off approach by the British allowed Secret societies in Singapore to thrive. Although originally formed with legal intentions of community bonding and the provision of assistance to fellow migrants, these societies gradually became influential, competitive, and increasingly engaged in illegal activities including monetary extortion from the masses, the operation of gambling dens, and the smuggling of illegal goods on top of more legal commercial operations to meet their financial needs.

Competition gradually heated up between large rival factions, such as that between the larger Ghee Hin Kongsi, the Ghee Hock Kongsi and the Han San Kongsi. Murders, mass riots, kidnappings, arson and other serious crimes became commonplace in the four decades after the colony's founding. Faced with violent acts of crime which may involve thousands, such as the Funeral riots in 1846 involving 9000 members from the Ghee Hin and Ghee Hock secret societies, the police force was woefully incapable of bringing the situation under control, and often had to call in the army for assistance. The escalating number of serious crimes prompted the need for stronger legislation to deter would-be criminals. Singapore's first executions were thus held in the wake of the first criminal session in June 1828, when a Chinese and Indian were found guilty and convicted for murder.

Headed by Europeans and predominantly staffed by Malay and Indian officers, the force had little Chinese representation as the military and policing professionals were traditionally shunned by the Chinese community, which therefore impaired policing efforts amongst the large Chinese populace. In 1843, the force consisted of a sitting magistrate doubling as a superintendent, three European constables and an assistant native constable, fourteen officers and 110 policemen. With a total strength of no more than 150 men, the force was compelled to avoid direct intervention in these mass acts of violence, or risk almost total annihilation.

A repeat of this scenario occurred in 1851, when lingering displeasure against Roman Catholic ethnic Chinese erupted into major rioting leaving over 500 Chinese dead. The army was called in again, although it involved having to induct Indian convicts into military service almost overnight. In 1854, twelve consecutive days of violence sparked by a dispute between the Hokkiens and Teochews disrupted trade. This particular incident led to the formation of the military's Singapore Volunteer Corps on 8 July 1854, the earliest predecessor of the Singapore Armed Forces' People's Defence Force today.

Criminal violence was not merely in the domain of the ethnic Chinese, however. Rivalries between Malay princes and communities also often result in acts of violence, which prompted the passing of Singapore's first arms law in March 1823 restricting the right to bear arms to twenty-four of the Malay Sultan's followers. Nearly two centuries later, these anti-arms laws continue to be strictly enforced, resulting in a society relatively free from firearms-related criminal offences.

title: History of the Singapore Police Force