text:
Toshio Maeda

Toshio Maeda (前田俊夫) is an erotic manga artist who was prolific in the 1980s and '90s. Several of Maeda's works have been used as a basis for original video animations (OVA) including La Blue Girl, Adventure Kid, Demon Beast Invasion, Demon Warrior Koji and his most notorious work, Urotsukidōji (Legend of the Overfiend). An interviewer commented that Urotsukidōji "firmly placed him in the history books—in Japan and abroad—as the pioneer of the genre known as hentai, or "perverted".

Early career
Toshio Maeda began reading manga when he was 5 or 6 years old, as well as American comics such as Mighty Mouse, Spider-Man and Batman. He was also a reader of all genres of literature and has said that he read more than 10,000 books before he was 20 years old.

Career
At 16 Maeda left Osaka to go to Tokyo as an assistant to a professional cartoonist. He became interested in manga for adults to avoid all the sexual, political and religious restrictions that were placed on manga for children.

Early in his career, with the likes of Evil Spirit Island and Ashita-e Kick Off, he only provided the illustrations while someone else wrote the text for the manga. He worked as an assistant to fellow manga artist, Kenji Nanba, who himself was a disciple of Takao Saito and helped mentor Maeda into becoming a mangaka.

Maeda is credited with the proliferation of the tentacle rape genre. Maeda's first usage of tentacles in his manga was in 1976, in an experimental short story published in the magazine Special Young Comic titled SEX Tearing. The reason for drawing tentacles in the story was that Maeda was not allowed to draw male genitals.

Maeda's best known series, Urotsukidōji, came out in 1986 and gained popularity abroad. The Erotic Anime Movie Guide (1998) claimed that "No other title apart from Akira has been so influential in the English-language market". Maeda was working for an adult magazine at the time and wanted to create something different in terms of erotica.

Maeda has mentioned that since portraying genitals was illegal in Japan, artists would use any trick they could to get by the censors and he could say that a creature's tentacle was not a penis. Maeda has embraced his role in popularizing the genre and in a blog interview stated that he would like "Tentacle Master" inscribed on his tombstone.

In 1999, Maeda collaborated with Phoenix Entertainment (who previously adapted one of Maeda's works, Gedou Gakuen (or Nightmare Campus, as it is called overseas)) as an executive producer to work on a three episode OVA series, known as Kairaku Satsujin Chōsakan Koji (Sex Murder investigator Koji), also known in the west as Demon Warrior Koji.

Maeda was a Guest of Honor at the Big Apple Anime Fest (BAAF) held in New York City in October 2001. An ANN writer covering the story praised him as "the most influential erotic manga artist in Japan" and called Urotsukidoji "the foundation for the entire 'erotic-grotesque' genre of Japanese anime". Maeda was the Keynote Speaker at the BAAF Symposium and introduced a retrospective of his work.

A motorbike accident in 2001 left Maeda with limited ability in his drawing hand but he continued to use his computer to create characters and write scripts. In 2003, he planned contributions to a Japanese woman's hentai magazine and strove to look at eroticism from a woman's point of view.

In addition to erotic horror, Maeda has done manga in other genres, including sex comedy, BDSM-themed genres, and books targeted at younger readers. He also sometimes draws mecha. As of September 2010, Toshio Maeda has opened his official website, the Tentacle club, where users can sign up and view his full length manga for a small monthly fee of 500 yen. Maeda has also made the opportunity available to the public to come stay at his apartment and have the opportunity to discuss manga, anime and Japan in general with him over a beer for a small fee, together with a tour of Akihabara and various otaku hot spots in Tokyo.

In 2016 Toshio Maeda appeared in the British horror film Spidarlings directed by Selene Kapsaski. In late 2016, he would appear on Portland, Oregon on Thursday, December 8, 2016 from 6 to 9 pm, at Floating World Comics to coincide Fakku's release of Urotsukidoji manga.

title: Toshio Maeda


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Baby video

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was KEEP. Obviously not deleting, and of thost that would retain some form of the article, there is a bare consensus to keep. Someone can merge it if they want to, of course. -Splash 03:08, 10 September 2005 (UTC)

Baby video
Probably an ad, and if it's not an ad it's probably not notable, and if it is notable this isn't a proper article but just a dictdef with links. --fvw *  06:32, August 30, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, notable topic, vfd is not cleanup. "Baby videos" gets more hits (53,100) than "videos for babies" (43,700). Kappa 17:36, 30 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep and clean up. Potential for encyclopedic article here. Capitalistroadster 18:47, 30 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect to infant education, and merge the concept of teaching via videos. — Eoghanacht  talk 18:52, 2005 September 1 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


text:
Talk:Fairfield City Council

Separate page for the Local Government Area
As per discussion at Talk:List of Sydney suburbs, I have created a separate page for the City of Fairfield, the Local Government Area. -- Ianblair23 06:32, 30 August 2005 (UTC)

Cleaning suburbs in LGAs to remove redlinks
Hi, Can people who know or care about this LGA please have a look at this message and see if they can please help solve any of the 5 redlinks in the "suburbs in this LGA" section of this page? (Usually solution is either to add a stub about the suburb / locality in question, or to remove it from the LGA's list). -- All the best, Nickj (t) 04:13, 23 January 2006 (UTC)

Infobox Update
This page has had its infobox updated to Infobox Australian Place. This update has been automatically preformed by TheJoshBot. Please be aware that poorly filled templates can have infomation lost in the transition that is unknown to the bot. Check the page history for more infomation. The following infomation has been lost in the transition, and will need to be converted to the document prose:

Semi-protection
The article has been semi-protected for a week to bring a halt to the slow-moving edit-war over whether Bosnia and Herzegovina, or Serbia, is listed first. The protection is not an endorsement of the current or any other version.

Could editors please discuss this content dispute here to seek a consensus one way or the other.

Any unrelated edit requests, please also post them here for consideration. Euryalus (talk) 06:30, 17 July 2009 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on City of Fairfield. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20150706130807/http://www.fairfieldcity.nsw.gov.au/default.asp?iDocID=10480&iNavCatID=3323&iSubCatID=3351 to http://www.fairfieldcity.nsw.gov.au/default.asp?iDocID=10480&iNavCatID=3323&iSubCatID=3351

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 10:43, 8 August 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Fairfield City Council


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Blog Law

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete. Woohookitty 07:47, 8 September 2005 (UTC)

Blog Law

 * Blog vanity. --fvw *  06:32, August 30, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete as per Fvw. Manik Raina 06:56, 30 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete - this article seems to hover over the border of original research and nonsense. -Satori (talk) 18:02, 30 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Yep, delete. Friday (talk) 19:46, 30 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. NatusRoma 02:51, August 31, 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text: User talk:63.193.81.196

title: User talk:63.193.81.196


text: User talk:71.129.73.120

title: User talk:71.129.73.120


text:
Talk:Autodesk 3ds Max

Define UV
Can someone add a definition of the acronym UV, please. I've scoured the Internet for a definition and found many references but no definition. Knowing the words an acronym is made from makes it much easier, at least for me, to remember it. R39525 (talk) 15:23, 10 June 2008 (UTC)
 * I don't think that UV is an acronym - just like XYZW or STRP/STQP (OpenGL texture coordinates) - they are just letters that are used.
 * If you really want to remember it by acronym, try "ultra-violet" or something.
 * Darkuranium (talk) 06:39, 12 August 2008 (UTC)

UV is a two dimensional coordinate system which is projected onto the surface of a three dimensional object. It is used, for example, to map the coordinates of a 2D image such as a picture of bricks to the 3D object of a building. The process of mapping the 2D image to a 3D object is called UV mapping. This process is easy for a simple rectangular 3D object, but more difficult for more organic objects. The UV coordinate system may be extended to a 3D system (UVW) with the third coordinate indicating a distance normal to the UV plane. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 75.62.237.255 (talk) 03:09, 16 September 2008 (UTC)

External Link
Please Add these useful link to external links - --Wiki187 16:05, 22 November 2006 (UTC)
 * CGIndia.Org News, Tutorials, MaxScripts & Plug-ins
 * AREA Autodesk's Official CG Portal for 3ds max and maya
 * 3DS Max Online 3DS Max Tutorials, 3DS Max Resource —Preceding unsigned comment added by 65.32.159.175 (talk) 13:44, 17 June 2009 (UTC)
 * I dont think CGIndia is specific enough, WP:EL and WP:SPAM issues aside. I looked at the AREA site too and didnt think it was as good or better than the many similar sites already listed.  --Ronz 20:41, 22 November 2006 (UTC)
 * Of course the AREA site should be listed, it's the official support page. Ronski 12:00, 4 January 2007 (UTC)

Ronz; Please Do explain little bit more about Relevance???

'''And let me tell you something about the point of view from the users side, I am least interested in knowing your 5 pillars etc.... but the link I suggested was totally relevant.....Beside using your moderation power and your pride,… Consider logic and common sense as your first tool......The both the link ( CGIndia and AutoDesk’s “AREA”) are relevant for following specified section - visual effects (VFX), Computer Graphics, Maya (software), 3ds Max.....You may invite Wiki users for voting and host a poll :) ..........................May Be some1 above you look into your matter.....Please stop repeating or may i say pasting same old comments on every once post.''' --Wiki187 11:24, 24 November 2006 (UTC)

Heya, I'm 25 years old and have been jumping in-and-out of learning and practicing 3D graphics since I was 12 or 13 when my parents bought me 3D Studio to give me a constructive hobby to do. This was back in the days when it was an MS-DOS application that cost upwards of $2,800 (no, I wasn't spoiled, but I really did need a constructive hobby at the time, lol) and the company was Autodesk, before this "Discreet" company popped up, and when Windows 95 was still mostly whispers and rumors.

I notice 3D Studio redirects to this 3D Studio Max article; would it be worth my while to write up a small article on 3D Studio itself, perhaps for historical perspective of this 3D graphics suite? I'm surprised how very little information and nostalgia-fodder is on the net about pre-Max 3D Studio, as if it never existed. I never got into 3D Studio Max (I'm actually a loyal Blender convert now... ;)) so I wouldn't be able to go into too much detail about relevant differences between the DOS 3D Studio and the later Windows-based "Max" ones. I can tell you that 3D Studio had REALLY awful modeling capabilities;  still thinking about how to express its primitiveness without sounding POV, but pre-Max 3D Studio really was THAT primitive -- you were limited to booleans on basic shapes, and a lofting mechanism which was very crude by today's standards.  Most 3D Studio as I know, used other applications to model, using 3D Studio more for its easy keyframing capabilities and intuitive materials editor.  --I am not good at running 06:34, 30 August 2005 (UTC)

3ds max
I believe this article should be renamed to 3ds max, as it is the official name now.

 * there's really not much to say about 3D Studio. It was an under dog program created by Autodesk who only concentrated on architectural software. It took off and eventually ported to Windows 95 as 3D Studio Max (Still got all the boxes and dongles) around this time Kinetix was in charge of the program. Some time when 3DSMax 3 came out Autodesk bought Discreet (a SFX video editing software manufacturer) and delegated Max over to them (this almost litteraly happened over night, I recall the demo artists making a "drunken overnight merger" joke about it when it was revealed). Since Discreet took over Max started heading closer to the film market especially with the launch of Combustion ( Video Editing software that interacts very well with 3DS MAX and makes use of the open end RPF (Rich Pixel Format)). erm... maybe it is not as little-to-say as I thought... --DanHibiki 06:18, 19 November 2005 (UTC)

The original 3D Studio lasted 4 releases on the DOS platform.While the original development team (the Yost Group) expanded and went on to create 3D Studio MAX, it was completely rewritten for Windows NT (version 3.51 at the time) as a native 32-bit, object-oriented program with extensive multi-threading and extensability. While the original 3D Studio product was popular with architects and mechanical designers, this was more a function of Autodesk's sales channel than any product focus. It was used heavily for game and video-effects production, with DXF-Import being about the only feature that tied it to any of Autodesk's products for its lifetime.

3ds file format
What may be worth a mention is the 3ds file format, in terms of porting models between various 3D capable applications? --André SC 05:53, 23 January 2006 (UTC)
 * No since this is an ancient format that has been replaced largely by Collada, FBX and OBJ to name a few. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 76.184.241.144 (talk) 15:34, 2 December 2007 (UTC)
 * Ancient? Yes. Still used? Hell yeah. I agree that it should be replaced by .obj, but the fact is that it's used a lot, still.
 * There should be some info on the format. It doesn't matter how old it is, what matters is whenether it's still used or not.
 * Besides - IRC is an ancient protocol (by my opinion), and still used nowadays. Same deal.
 * Darkuranium (talk) 06:48, 12 August 2008 (UTC)

orionflame
WTF is this ad? The link to orionflame has absolutely NO PLACE in this encyclopedia article.
 * Had to remove this link AGAIN. Stop plugging your product in Wikipedia. Will also be removing this from the 3ds max screenshot.Mhoskins 14:17, 27 June 2006 (UTC)

 * OrionFlame is a high-end modeling tool for Max. It's has been previewed at GDC this year, so I think it's relevant enough to be included. Do some research before you post! —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Jeffvll (talk • contribs).

 * Yes, perhaps it's notable but why should a screenshot of it be used here and not in the orionflame article? This is after all an article about 3ds max and not any of the plugins. --Strangnet 09:25, 18 March 2007 (UTC)

 * Strangnet, actually there are plugins in this article. Take a look at the rendering section. Maybe we should make a dedicated article about the available renderers for 3ds max and cut it down here since they don't ship along with the program itself. 187.112.31.165 (talk) 18:33, 28 August 2010 (UTC)

History needed
There is no mention about history of 3DS Max (which is now the correct title). In past the software was named 3D Studio MAX and was developed by Kinetix... And there was 3D Studio working under DOS as well.. Some mentions with dates are needed here

Rename?
The official name since version 4 (releaseed in 2000) is 3ds max. We should rename this article. Hermansaksono 02:46, 25 June 2006 (UTC)
 * I agree. Mhoskins 14:22, 27 June 2006 (UTC)

Rename
As others have mentioned, the article must be renamed. How does one go about that here? —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Dryo (talk • contribs).
 * You've already done it (see [ this page move] by yourself (note your edit summary)). The capitalization is still off, though ;). —dto (talk contribs)  05:30, 4 October 2006 (UTC)

List of films made with Autodesk 3ds Max
I'm posting on this talk page because it will be missed otherwise. I dont think it's worth having the page List of films made with Autodesk 3ds Max unless there are some details about what was done, how many shots, what companies etc. If it isn't verifiable in any way what is the point of having this list? I started my own list a few years ago that wikipedia links to.

Films today usually have several companies working on them & lots of different software packages used for VFX. It's very important here to have verifiable information to distinguish the actual work done on the film & not here say or what the software companies say was done. Max has a reputation amongst VFX companies for not being good enough for films this can only change if this list is verifiable! Ronski 11:56, 4 January 2007 (UTC)

 * I'll add a new section that contains uses of 3ds max, and include movie production, where I'll add a link to the list of films mentioned above. -Kanogul (talk) 12:47, 27 April 2008 (UTC)

Logo name?
What is the logo supposed to be? Ying-yang worms? --72.202.150.92 04:45, 4 August 2007 (UTC)

Ying Yang 2 headed snake, just as the splash screen of 3ds max 9. Maya is a dragon and all other Autodesk M&E products have similar little logos (that are kinda hard to tell what they are if you do not know) —Preceding unsigned comment added by 207.35.253.219 (talk) 16:41, 31 October 2007 (UTC)

Blender
I've dropped the Blender part under See Also, since it's entirely inappropriate. Why mention Blender? Why not Wings3D, another free modeling tool? What about the plethora of commercial tools? We have an entire category for 3D graphics tools; there's absolutely no reason to single out Blender.
 * Sorry, forgot to sign. 63.80.152.226 07:43, 8 August 2007 (UTC)

The image at the top right of the article
Could someone to replace the currant image with one that: 1)Represents the default interface of the program. 2)Does not include a plug for the author, 3)is smaller than the currant one, which has a lot of blank space. 82.36.229.11 18:35, 11 August 2007 (UTC)

Particle Emitter List
Changed the list of particle emitters from a list in the sentence to a bulleted list for easier readablity.

I recommend that we add more information to this section, such as what the various particle emitters do, what they are commonly used for, etc., because the primitives are fully described but these are not. OranL 17:17, 13 September 2007 (UTC)

3D Studio release history
Any 3DS experts here are welcomed to help out any fill the information in the 3D Studio release history article I added. Acidburn24m 21:51, 15 October 2007 (UTC)

The latest release of 3ds Max has version "2009", but I do not know when did it release, so I do NOT change the version information in this article. 158.182.8.144 (talk) 12:40, 6 April 2008 (UTC)

more details about Character Studio and its file formats plz
I would like to have avaible in wikipedia quality more information about Character Studio and the file formats it uses. (haven't been able to find much online like that)--TiagoTiago 15:42, 9 November 2007 (UTC)

Is that a tutorial section in this article?
What is all of this crap?

 * 1) - Use Hedra to produce objects from several families of polyhedra.
 * 2) ChamferBox- Use ChamferBox to create a box with beveled or rounded edges.
 * 3) OilTank- Use OilTank to create a cylinder with convex caps.
 * 4) Spindle- Use the Spindle primitive to create a cylinder with conical caps.
 * 5) Gengon- Use Gengon to create an extruded, regular-sided polygon with optionally filleted side edges.
 * 6) Prism- Use Prism to create a three-sided prism with independently segmented sides.
 * 7) Torus knot- Use Torus Knot to create a complex or knotted torus by drawing 2D curves in the normal planes around a 3D curve. The 3D curve (called the Base Curve) can be either a circle or a torus knot. You can convert a torus knot object to a NURBS surface.
 * 8) ChamferCyl- Use ChamferCyl to create a cylinder with beveled or rounded cap edges.
 * 9) Capsule- Use Capsule to create a cylinder with hemispherical caps.
 * 10) L-Ext- Use L-Ext to create an extruded L-shaped object.
 * 11) C-Ext- Use C-Ext to create an extruded C-shaped object.  —Preceding unsigned comment added by 76.184.241.144 (talk) 15:36, 2 December 2007 (UTC)

I acknowledge this fully
It does sound like a tutorial. I will re-word and re-work it all. Thanks. —Preceding unsigned comment added by P.gobin (talk • contribs) 23:08, 3 December 2007 (UTC)

Roncarelli Report
For the last 4 years, 3dsmax has been the software with the most copies sold (seats), according to this huge report. Infact it has more seats than Xsi, Maya and Modo combined. http://www.pixelnews.com/ It can be purchased here. This determines that 3dsmax is the most sold and used 3d software for dcc in the industry. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Superchickensoup (talk • contribs) 05:03, 19 February 2008 (UTC)

3D Studio r1-4?
I'm wondering why there's no proper page for the DOS versions of 3DS, and they're only mentioned briefly on the history and Max pages... it was pretty significant software at the time. ERobson (talk) 19:33, 8 May 2008 (UTC)

Predefined primitives
This section begins with "This is a basic method, in which..." with no name for what it is referring to. To someone who is familiar with modeling, it clearly refers to "Box Modeling," and should be inside a section labeled as such, under the main "Modeling" heading. Primitives are used for other things than box modeling, but I'm unsure of where else to fit it into the article. Its placement now is awkward. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Vicarious enlightenment (talk • contribs) 22:25, 9 November 2008 (UTC)

No Mention of 3DS for Architecture
Any chance of splitting 3DS into two sections? one for architecture and Interiors; the other for gaming? Two very different worlds, one powerful software. Any thoughts? Superfinicky —Preceding undated comment was added at 21:41, 19 January 2009 (UTC).

You might want to split that into three sections instead, for architecture, gaming and movies. They all share uses of the program, however focus on different areas (for example gaming don't use rendering as much, except for baking textures or for prerendered movies/intros). McGreed (talk) 12:25, 16 December 2011 (UTC)

Article title as "Autodesk 3ds Max"
Any opposed to moving this article from "3ds Max" to "Autodesk 3ds Max"? Not only is it the actual, official name of the program but software articles that officially have the company name in the title (such as Adobe Photoshop, Microsoft Word, etc.) do this as well. --Blackbox77 (talk) 14:16, 26 February 2009 (UTC)

Lame ass images
Why is the a crappy image of "a box" and "a polyhedra"? It gives nothing to the article, especially the box. It makes it sound like max is the other software that is able to model a box. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 76.185.73.179 (talk) 22:55, 10 August 2009 (UTC)

Promotional Tone
This article seems to have a promotional tone throughout; here's a sample from the intro:

A plethora of specialized third-party renderer plugins, such as V-Ray, Brazil r/s, Maxwell Render, and finalRender, may be purchased separately.

MeekMark (talk) 05:58, 31 December 2009 (UTC)

Mac support debatable
In the infobox, the platforms are listed as "Windows and Mac OS". I can't find mention of Mac support anywhere else, in the article, on the 3ds Max release history page. The Autodesk site lists 3DS Max 2011 for Mac on this page right here... saying that Parallels Desktop or Boot Camp are required. That's emulation, not an OS-native release: I propose that Mac OS be removed from the platforms list. JaffaCakeLover (talk) 14:03, 15 July 2010 (UTC)
 * I agree. Many softwares can be emulated on unsupported OS's. That being, either include the unsupported OS's that can emulate a program on every application article in wikipedia or don't include Mac in here at all. Well, I'm removing it. 187.58.100.209 (talk) 23:54, 20 August 2010 (UTC)

BIGRender
I don't think BIGRender should be included on renderers section since it's more like an utility than a renderer. Also, as far as I remember, it isn't even listed on the renderers list in 3ds max. 187.58.100.209 (talk) 23:31, 20 August 2010 (UTC)

Version number is missing in Infobox
The latest release of 3Ds max is 2012 but what is its version number? Could someone please look it up in the About dialog box or somewhere an include it here? 80.191.138.163 (talk) 07:28, 7 April 2011 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 2 one external links on Autodesk 3ds Max. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20150513180337/https://www.thearender.com/site/index.php/live-plugins/thea-for-3dsmax.html to https://www.thearender.com/site/index.php/live-plugins/thea-for-3dsmax.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20110504184716/http://wiki.cgsociety.org:80/index.php/3ds_Max_History to http://wiki.cgsociety.org/index.php/3ds_Max_History

When you have finished reviewing my changes, please set the checked parameter below to true or failed to let others know (documentation at ).

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 05:32, 22 October 2016 (UTC)

The programming language
Hi.

Our esteemed colleague added a bold claim to the article that, unfortunately, fails verification. The statement claims that 3ds Max is written in C++. The source provided is this: C++ API Reference!

I checked it, and unfortunately, it does not say "3ds Max is written in C++" or something equivalent. It provides a documentation for a C++ API that 3ds Max provide. It does not mean 3ds Max itself is written in C++.

Here is another thing that I found: 3ds Max .NET SDK. Aparently, there is a full 3ds Max SDK for .NET Framework as well. It does NOT mean 3ds Max is written in .NET Framework either.

Best regards, Codename Lisa (talk) 17:03, 18 May 2017 (UTC)
 * Sorry guys. Closed source software can be very difficult to find sources on for obvious reasons.  There are some threads on Quora describing Autodesk 3DS as a C++ core, but I've been told that Quora isn't a good enough source.  A huge majority of their SDK documentation is for extending in C++, so the probability is high, but I guess "official" sources are lacking here. Djkcel (talk) 04:28, 19 May 2017 (UTC)
 * Hi. To give clarification about your two last sentence, API and SDK could not be an indicator of anything whatsoever in this regard. Example: Borland Delphi once exposed the whole of Windows API in the Delphi programming language. However, this does not mean that Windows is written in Delphi. We know for a fact that it is written in C, C++ and Assembly. Windows API itself is in C. That does not mean Windows is purely written in C.
 * Best regards Codename Lisa (talk) 08:05, 19 May 2017 (UTC)
 * P.S. Don't worry about not being able to write anything about 3ds Max trade secrets. There are still a lot of other things you can write. Why not focus on those? —Codename Lisa (talk) 08:07, 19 May 2017 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 2 external links on Autodesk 3ds Max. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20151024145611/http://area.autodesk.com/maxturns20/history to http://area.autodesk.com/maxturns20/history
 * Corrected formatting/usage for http://wiki.cgsociety.org/index.php/3ds_Max_History

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 08:08, 12 July 2017 (UTC)

"Operating system" column
Needs clarity: Are these the only systems on which the version shown will operate, minimum OS, or officially supported OS, or what? I was under the impression that 3DSMax 4 and 5 would run on Windows 7, for example, since people have still been using it them to the present day to work on stuff for Morrowind (including OpenMW); I'm told that later versions of 3DS Max don't work properly with the .NIF files modders of that game work with).  — SMcCandlish ☏ ¢ 😼  23:16, 16 March 2018 (UTC)

a notice
to the version history list before Discreet it was Kinetix — Preceding unsigned comment added by 94.65.25.116 (talk) 20:31, 14 January 2019 (UTC)

3Ds Max’s Inclusions
3Ds Max is inclusion in two bundles Autodesk Architecture, Engineering & Construction Collection, and Product Design & Manufacturing Collection. Doremon764 (talk) 19:39, 3 November 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Autodesk 3ds Max


text:
Talk:Fairfield, New South Wales

Separate page for the Local Government Area
As per discussion at Talk:List of Sydney suburbs, I have created a separate page for the City of Fairfield, the Local Government Area. -- Ianblair23 06:36, 30 August 2005 (UTC)

Is it relevant to have such detailed info regarding shopping centres;

"Fairfield has shopping malls such as Fairfield Forum, Neeta City and Fairfield Chase. Fairfield Forum has major stores such as Coles, Kmart, Lowes, Food for less and a food court. Neeta City has lots of major stores such as Big W, Lowes, best&less, Woolworths, Millers, Go-Lo,Dick Smith and restaurants including McDonalds, Gloria Jeans, chicken express and Oporto. Chase doesn't have major stores, but does have Cash Converters and some continental stores and Grocery stores."

I have edited the page to give a more general and clear view of Fairfield.

Me living in Fairfield, also note there is also increase of African, Middle Eastern migration coming into Fairfield --

I consider that the section on ‘European Settlement’ needs rewriting. It contains many errors of fact and the first 4 paragraphs need improvement. Re Para. 1, a visit may be recorded in a journal, but cannot take place in one. Re Para. 2, the grant of 100 acres is mentioned twice. There are other egregious errors- Of what relevance, other than the date of grant, is the matter of De Kerrileau and his marriage? His small grant did not cover the full Fairfield area and ownership had changed hands 4 times by 1814, from DeK to Moore, to Rowley, to Burgan, to Horsley in 1814, swamped in a parcel of 699 acres (280ha.). Castel Paul had been absorbed by 1814. The final sentence of the paragraph is completely inaccurate (see below). Re Para. 3, the State Treasurer may have built Fairfield House, but he did not build it on Castel Paul (See above). It is not even certain that Fairfield House was built on ‘Mark Lodge’, the name of Horsley’s Estate through the ownership of Horsley and Bland, a period extending to the 1860s. Re Para. 4, By what name was Fairfield Railway Station known when it opened?

Now to Mr John Horsley: Some 2 years ago I tried to have the currently 'accepted' version of the derivation of the name Fairfield brought into line with fact. At the outset I admit that I do not know who was responsible for naming the area 'Fairfield', but I can show that it did not come about in the way described in the current 'Wikipedia' article. In my research on the matter I found that the writers of Fairfield History and its European settlement, who were then being quoted as 'sources' had it wrong. Specifically, John Horsley was in no way connected with Fairfield, Somerset. I also found that Fairfield Council had multiple versions of the derivation of the name on its own website. The Geographical Names Board relied on the 'sources' and declined to alter the 'status quo'. My attempt to 'fix the error' in Wikipedia was removed, possibly because the facts were not common knowledge. My 'edit' may be assessed on my ‘Contributions’ page. See: Oct 2009. Some time has passed and it may be worthwhile raising the issue again. I hope that the following, though lengthy, will indicate the need for revision of the Fairfield entry. I leave the issue of 'wording' to others more acquainted with Wikipedia requirements.

John Horsley arrived in New South Wales as a ‘free’ settler on the ‘Broxbornebury’ in July 1814. [Refs 1,2] Soon after arrival he purchased a 699-acre (280 ha.) estate in the present Fairfield area for 70 pounds from a Mr Burgan. Largely uncleared land, the property had already had two owners before Burgan. It included at least most of the original ’Castel Paul’ 100 acres, but also included the area of original grants to Hanson, Gossen, Thomas, Tewfell and Lewis. John Horsley had named the estate ‘Mark Lodge’ by 1816 and proceeded to develop it, building a substantial residence [for its day] and clearing land for agriculture, with the help of convict labour. As a ‘gentleman settler’ he received a 1200-acre (481ha.)grant in the Illawarra from Governor Macquarie in 1817. He remained living at Mark Lodge and took a leading part in society of the day. His development of the Mark Lodge Estate is noted in the Bigge Report of 1821. [Ref 3] In 1823 he sold his Port Kembla grant to Dr D’Arcy Wentworth, to permit further development on Mark Lodge. Horsley was appointed to the Bench of Magistrates for the Liverpool District and in 1825 became Coroner of Liverpool and District. His progress to the Bench and Coronership is noted in the Colonial Secretary’s Papers. [Ref 4] Horsley continued to live at Mark Lodge until his death in 1834. [Ref 5] His funeral service was held at St Philip’s Church, York Street, Sydney, on 8 Feb 1834 and he was buried in the grounds of St Luke’s Church, Liverpool. His grave may be seen in what is now the Pioneers’ Memorial Park. [Ref 9] Horsley’s family continued to live at Mark Lodge until his widow’s death in 1840. She was buried with her husband and shares his grave. Mark Lodge was sold in 1840 to one of Sydney’s leading Surgeons, a former Naval Surgeon/Convict who rose to prominence, Dr William Bland. [Ref 6] Bland lived on at Mark Lodge, using it as a country retreat, until 1868. Please note that the Estate, then of 599 acres (240ha.), remained named ‘Mark Lodge’ during Bland’s occupation and the name was reported as being remembered in the District into the 1950s. [Ref 10] After Bland’s death the property passed into the hands of a developer, John Hamilton, who subdivided it. It went to public auction on 19 Dec 1885. Poor response at the auction resulted in the property remaining largely unoccupied, until acquired by the Housing Commission of NSW after WWII. [Ref 8] On the contrary, he was associated with family properties in Essex, known as Nazeing Park, Park Lodge and a neighbour’s Mark Hall. [Ref 7]
 * There was a suggestion that the name Fairfield was attached to the Estate by one of Horsley’s trustees, who allegedly used his own birthplace, Fairfield, Somerset, as his inspiration. That suggestion is refuted by Bland’s retention of the name ‘Mark Lodge’. Horsley’s trustees would have had no input to the property transfer from Bland to John Hamilton. The reported circumstances may have applied to developer Hamilton.
 * John Horsley had no known connection with any family estate in Somerset.
 * Were the information given here to be accepted, perhaps the prominence given in the Fairfield Article to Castel Paul, etc., would be of questionable value, it having been a relatively small grant, subsumed well before 1860.

References:

1) Hook, Elizabeth: ‘Journey to a New Life’: the Story of the ships ‘Emu’ in 1912 and ‘Broxbornebury’ in 1814, Including Crew, female Convicts and free Passengers on Board', 2000.

2) Bent, J.H.: Journal of a Voyage Performed on Board the Ship ‘Broxbornebury’; Original Journal, 1814; Australian National Library.

3) The Bigge Report, Appendix, 1821; Mitchell Library, NSW

4) Colonial Secretary’ Papers Index 1814 to 1825, ‘H’, Horsley, John: www.records.nsw.gov.au/.../indexes/colonial-secretary/index-to-the-colonial-secretarys-papers-1788-1825

5) Registrar General of NSW: Death Index, See: V18341819 18/1834; Horsley, John. www.bdm.nsw.gov.au

6) Aust. Dictionary of National Biography online. abdonline.anu.edu.au

7) *‘Five miles from everywhere, the story of Nazeing’, Pt. 1 ISBN 0 9537135 0 4, The Nazeing History Workshop, 2000, David Pracy and ors.

8) Horsley, Michael: ‘Unmarked Graves’ ISBN 0 646 07635 3, 1991.

9) Pioneers’ Memorial Park, Liverpool, Index of graves.

10) Vance, George: A History of the Fairfield District, 1982.

Additional references: Censuses of NSW, 1814 and 1828. Fransiscosan (talk) 08:02, 30 May 2011 (UTC)

title: Talk:Fairfield, New South Wales


text:
Woronora

Woronora is a suburb in southern Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Woronora is located 27 kilometres south of the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of the Sutherland Shire. Woronora Heights is a separate suburb, to the south-west.

Placename history
'Woronora' is an Aboriginal placename. Records show the spelling of the name has varied since it first appeared in the 19th century, the earliest being Wooloonora (Dixon, 1827, quoted in Walker 1974:66 ), followed by Wolonora (Dixon, 1837 ), and Woronora (Mitchell, 1835 ). The name was first applied to the Woronora River, a tributary of the Georges River, before being given to a hundred, an electoral district, a local road east of the river, and finally the suburb itself.

The following meanings have been suggested for Woronora:

 * 'black rock' (Appleton and Appleton 1992 )
 * 'black rocks' (Walker 1974; Neve 1970 )
 * 'river-of-no-sharks' (Bolton 2000 )

Variations such as 'black cliffs' and 'sharkless waters' have also been suggested by local residents.

The Aboriginal language known variously as Dharug, Eora or simply 'the Sydney Language' was spoken around Woronora at the time of colonisation (Troy 1994:61 ). Lists of Dharug words gathered around the turn of the century provide a number of possibilities regarding the number of morphemes and likely constituents of the placename. An analysis of the number of syllables in Dharug words recorded by Mathews (1901 ) shows over 50% contained two syllables, and just under 40% contained three, while only 1.45% contained one syllable:

It therefore seems likely that Woronora is made up of two disyllabic elements.

In light of what historical Dharug information is available, the meaning of the suffix of Woronora seems most transparent. A range of phonetically similar words are present in the sources:

 * ngurra 'camp' (Troy 1994:67; Stockton 1993:156; Mathews 1901:158 )
 * nura 'place or country' (Troy 1993:83 )
 * ngurang 'place' (Troy 1993:78 )
 * ora 'a place or country e.g. Woronora' (Kohen 1993:16 )
 * 'place; gno-rang, no-rar' (Kohen 1990:238 )

We may tentatively conclude therefore that *-ngurra could function as a locative suffix in Dharug.

The stem of Woronora is much harder to specify. Unfortunately, no word list contains a word *wooloo, *wolo, or *woro, but the following orthographically similar words are present:

 * wal-lan 'rain' (Ridley 1875:105; Kohen 1993:224 ), wulan 'rain' (Troy 1993:71 )
 * wolora 'wallaroo' (Mathews 1901:158 ), wularu 'wallaroo' (Troy 1993:52 ), wolaru 'kangaroo (mountain)' (Ridley 1875:104 )
 * wurral 'slow' (Mathews 1901:159 )
 * warra 'breast' (Troy 1993:34 )
 * wural 'bashful, ashamed' (Troy 1993:66 )
 * wala 'then' (Troy 1993:79 )
 * wurra 'mouse, rat' (Troy 1994:69 )

Oft-cited definitions like 'black rocks' find no support in the written records. Words for 'black', 'shark' and 'water' do not resemble any element of Woronora, though we lack a record for the Dharug words for 'rock', 'cliff', 'river', and 'creek', and thus cannot categorically rule these out.

Guesses regarding the original form of the placename depend largely upon the degree of mishearing assumed to have taken place between the Aboriginal informant and the European recorder. Might a surveyor have missed a syllable in *wolaru-ngurra? Although English speakers frequently reproduced trilled rhotics as either /r/ or /l/ orthographically (Donaldson 2002:235 ), it is difficult to establish whether the name was misheard from Aboriginal sources three times (producing the Wooloo-, Wolo-, and Woro- variants), or whether the change in spelling was a product of changing European pronunciation without reference to Aboriginal people. The latter is quite likely considering that until the 1840s, and possibly beyond, it was the only official placename from the mouth of the river southwards (Dixon 1841 ), and thus must have been written and pronounced frequently in reference to a large area.

Assuming therefore that the original placename most closely resembled Wooloonora, and acknowledging the inadequacy of our records due to language loss, three potential definitions present themselves:

 * *wulan-ngurra 'rain place'
 * *wolaru-ngurra 'wallaroo place'
 * *wala-ngurra 'then place'

Cultural information could be the deciding factor in defining Woronora. Was there a Rain or Wallaroo Dreaming in this part of Sydney? Could reported dialogue of the Dreamtime ancestors make sense of 'then place'? Or was there another noun unknown to us relating to black rock/s? Unfortunately the consequences of colonisation for the Dharug people in terms of land loss, dispersal and language loss mean this will probably never be known.

Geography
The residential area of Woronora lines both sides of the Woronora River. The Woronora River Bridge is northern limit to residential housing. A footbridge crosses the river at the southernmost limit of housing on the western bank. The housing on the eastern bank continues beyond the end of Prince Edward Park Road, and some houses can only be reached by a walking track or by boat. The suburb is completely ringed by bushland, with only a single road providing access. Many think that this adds to the charm of the suburb which has curiously escaped the development that its surrounding suburbs have experienced. They feel that this has contributed to the sense of community in Woronora.

The Woronora River is tidal at this point. River levels and water quality at Woronora can be affected by the release of water from the Woronora Dam upstream from the suburb.

Woronora Plateau, is a geographical region adjacent to the Sydney Plain. Slightly higher in altitude, it is capped with Hawkesbury Sandstone. The Woronora River flows through the deeply dissected plateau to the Georges River from near the sources of the Port Hacking, within the Sutherland Shire.

Population
In the 2016 Census, there were 2,201 people in Woronora. 79.0% of people were born in Australia. The next most common country of birth was England at 5.1%. 87.6% of people spoke only English at home. The most common responses for religion were Catholic 29.0%, No Religion 26.2% and Anglican 20.6%.

Transport
The Woronora Bridge was built to eliminate the steep descents and ascents for traffic between Sutherland and Menai. The bridge is approximately 600 metres long and was completed in 2001 as an alternative to the Old Woronora Bridge. There is a public path located just underneath the road on the bridge shared between bicycle and pedestrians. The path can be accessed from Menai Road on the Bangor side and Prince Edward Park Road or River Road on the Sutherland side.

Woronora Fire Trail
There is a fire trail between Woronora and Woronora Heights that is closed to all vehicles. It is accessible to pedestrians, cyclists and for emergency access. It has remained closed due to protests from those who live in Woronora and parts of Woronora Heights concerned that if the fire trail was opened to general transport, it would create an influx of vehicles from Engadine using Woronora as a 'shortcut' to Menai and Sutherland. They feel it would congest and change the character of the small suburb. In 2006, Frank Sartor, a member for the NSW State Government intervened and zoned the fire trail such that it would not be able to be used for public or general transport. Up until this decision, many houses through the area displayed placards protesting against members of the local Sutherland Shire Council that were pushing to have the road opened to public transport, and others that sought to see the road opened to general traffic.

Features and facilities
Woronora features an RSL Club, boatshed, rugby league football oval (which is also a cricket ground in summer), caravan park, primary school which opened in 1942, cafe, restaurant (riverside), a fire station, hairdresser, bottle shop, general store and the Sutherland Region Guides Hall, situated by the Woronora River. It is also home to the only floating fire station in Australia to provide for residents which do not have road access.

Prince Edward Park is situated between the Woronora River and Sutherland. Along the river, a cleared area was created as a recreational park, with facilities for boating and fishing. It is also the location for the Sutherland Region Girl Guides canoeing facility, 1st Woronora River Scout Group and the Woronora Life Saving Club. Going towards Sutherland, the park is dense bushland, with some walking trails.

Similar to the adjoining suburbs of Bonnet Bay (where the streets are named after American Presidents) and Woronora Heights (where most streets are named after birds), Woronora has a notable street naming pattern. The majority of streets have river or water related names.

On the east side of the Woronora River there is a collection of streets named after rivers in the United Kingdom and Ireland.

On the west side of the Woronora River there is collection of streets which are named after Australian rural towns or waterways derived from Aboriginal language words. The Aboriginal language names often include a reference to rivers or water. These include Manilla Place, Boomi Place, Yanko Close and Nundah Place.

title: Woronora


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Tijuana Bradley

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete. Woohookitty 06:47, 8 September 2005 (UTC)

Tijuana Bradley
Notability Dhartung | Talk 06:37, 30 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, unless the article can be expanded dramatically before this VfD closes.  Acetic Acid  ( talk  ) 15:01, August 30, 2005 (UTC)

 * Redirect to Survivor: Pearl Islands. KeithD (talk) 18:27, 1 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Could Nicole Delma be deleted as well? -- Kjkolb 10:53, September 3, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. and all other articles on any so called "reality TV" Xtrump 17:31, 6 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, and also delete Nicole Delma. Wackymacs 21:13, 6 September 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Woronora Heights

Woronora Heights is a suburb in southern Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Woronora Heights is located 29 kilometres south of the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of the Sutherland Shire. Woronora is a separate suburb, to the north. Most streets in Woronora Heights are named after birds.

History
Woronora is derived from an Aboriginal word wooloonora, meaning 'black rock'. It is believed to have been named by Surveyor Dixon in 1828.

Landmarks
Woronora Heights is bounded by the Woronora River in the west, the top of the escarpment in the north and the Metropolitan Water Sewerage and Drainage Board pipeline in the east and south. The Woronora Reservoir is one of the sources of Sydney's water supply.

The Woronora Plateau, is a geographical region adjacent to the Sydney Plain. Slightly higher in altitude, it is capped with Hawkesbury Sandstone. It is often hotter in summer and colder in winter than Sydney. The Woronora River flows through the deeply dissected plateau to the Georges River from near the sources of the Port Hacking, within the Sutherland Shire.

Fire trail protests
There have been various protests organised relating to proposals to open the fire trail linking Woronora Heights to the Woronora valley to the north to through traffic. In 2006 a proposal to open the fire trail for bus access was reviewed by an Independent Hearing and Assessment Panel organised by Sutherland Shire Council. After reviewing submissions from resident groups supporting and opposing the proposal, the Panel agreed unanimously that opening the fire trail to buses is not in the public interest. In the same week, the State Government declared the fire trail area "environmentally protected", making opening the fire trail to buses or other through traffic a prohibited development.

In July 2014, Sutherland Shire Council confirmed that the fire trail would remain closed to through traffic (except when emergency access is required). This was a unanimous vote by all 15 councillors. However, not all residents agreed.

Sport
Woronora Heights is home to Bosco FC, who play at Woronora Heights Oval.

Transport
U-Go Mobility operates bus route 993 to Engadine and Westfield Miranda.

title: Woronora Heights


text:
Hypochondrogenesis

Hypochondrogenesis is a severe genetic disorder causing malformations of bone growth. The condition is characterized by a short body and limbs and abnormal bone formation in the spine and pelvis.

Hypochondrogenesis is a subtype of collagenopathy, types II and XI, and is similar to another skeletal disorder, achondrogenesis type 2, although the spinal changes seen in hypochondrogenesis tend to be somewhat milder.

Signs and symptoms
Symptoms of hypochondrogenesis include: edema, limb undergrowth, spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia, short ribs, respiratory failure, short chin, upper limb undergrowth, thoracic hypoplasia, hypertelorism, hydrops fetalis, pulmonary hypoplasia, and a cleft palate.

Pathophysiology
Hypochondrogenesis is one of the most severe conditions in a spectrum of disorders caused by mutations in the COL2A1 gene. The protein made by this gene forms type II collagen, a molecule found mostly in cartilage and in the clear gel that fills the eyeball (the vitreous). Type II collagen is essential for the normal development of bones and other connective tissues (tissues that form the body's supportive framework). Mutations in the COL2A1 gene interfere with the assembly of type II collagen molecules, which prevents bones from developing properly.

This condition is caused by new mutations in the COL2A1 gene. Hypochondrogenesis is considered an autosomal dominant disorder because the affected gene is located on an autosome, and only one copy of the altered gene is necessary to cause the condition. The disorder is not passed on to the next generation, however, because affected individuals do not live long enough to have children.

Diagnosis
Affected infants have short arms and legs, a small chest with short ribs, and underdeveloped lungs. The spinal bones (vertebrae) in the neck and part of the pelvis (the sacrum) do not harden, or ossify, properly. The face appears flat and oval-shaped, with widely spaced eyes, a small chin, and, in some cases, an opening in the roof of the mouth called a cleft palate. The abdomen is enlarged, and excess fluid may build up in the body before birth (a condition called hydrops fetalis).

As a result of these serious health problems, infants are usually premature and stillborn or die shortly after birth from respiratory failure. Some infants have lived for a time, however, with intensive medical support. Babies who live past the newborn period are usually reclassified as having spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia congenita, a related disorder on the spectrum of abnormal bone growth.

Treatment
There is no cure or treatment for hypochondrogenesis.

title: Hypochondrogenesis


text:
Talk:Lost Twenty

Disputes on the term "Lost Twenty"
The "Lost Twenty" refers to the Jedi Masters who have left the Jedi Order due to ideological differences. I personally resent the term "lost", because it would seem that the Jedi Order assumed that anyone who did not agree with them have fallen to the dark side. I wonder if the Jedi even considered if its own philosophies are flawed. When Jedi consider balance, they believed the destruction of evil brought balance. But that is not true balance, for the Jedi have actually helped, however unintentionally, to corrupt the Republic because of its unbending authority. I believe this is also why Anakin Skywalker became Darth Vader, since the Jedi Council denied him many things "for his own good". This is what drove him to become a Sith Lord, since Palpatine was willing to offer far more opportunities for him, both good and evil. Being denied too much drives people to seek the denied to the point of madness.

 * That's nice. Lost Twenty is the canon name for them, so . . . that's what the article is called. Jon Hart 02:41, 16 December 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Lost Twenty


text:
Holroyd, New South Wales

Holroyd is a small suburb in western Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Holroyd is located 20 km west of the Sydney central business district in the local government area of the Cumberland Council. The previous local government area of Holroyd City took its name from Arthur Holroyd, first Mayor of the area, local landowner and businessman. The administrative centre is located in nearby Merrylands.

Holroyd shares the postcode of 2142 with the separate nearby suburbs of Granville, South Granville, Camellia and Rosehill.

History
Arthur Todd Holroyd (1806-1887) acquired Sherwood Scrubs in 1855. Located in Merrylands, it was named after his former home in England. Holroyd became a Member of Parliament for Bathurst Plains then Parramatta, and was a judge for the NSW Supreme Court, had completed one year medical residency in London and was a keen businessman. He was respected and powerful and was on many and varied boards and committees. He became the first mayor of Holroyd Council, then the Municipality of Prospect & Sherwood, from 1872 to 1927 with only 250 ratepayers for first 9 years. He made clay pipes for drainage at Sherwood Scrubs and introduced drainage to the local area. He also encouraged the rail line to Parramatta Junction. The suburb of Holroyd was created when the New South Wales Geographical Names Board sought to define suburb boundaries in 1999. Holroyd Council Local Government Area did not have a specific suburb of the same name and had to create one to satisfy the State Government requirements as carried out by the Geographical Names Board. The suburb named Holroyd was gazetted in 1999 with boundaries being Walpole Street (north), Neil Street (south) the railway line (east) and Pitt Street (west). There was a change to the boundary in 2001 with the northern boundary extended to the freeway.

Landmarks
The historic Goodlet and Smith Brickpit sites have now been redeveloped into Holroyd Gardens Park on the site of a clay pit that was later filled. Holroyd Gardens Estate which is a medium density development that includes the remaining heritage brickwork kilns and associated buildings.

Population
At the 2016 census, there were 1,275 residents in Holroyd. 35.7% of people were born in Australia. The next most common country of birth was India at 9.0%. 27.3% of people spoke only English at home. Other languages spoken at home included Arabic at 8.3%. The most common responses for religion were Islam 27.2%, Catholic 18.4%, No Religion 18.0% and Hinduism 10.2%.

title: Holroyd, New South Wales


text: User talk:220.245.180.131

title: User talk:220.245.180.131


text:
Shooting at the Moon (film)

Shooting at the Moon is a short Super-8 punk/Remodernist film directed by Jesse Richards and Nicholas Watson, starring Matthew Quinn Martin (billed as Matthew Martin) as Buddy and Leila Laaraj as Lana, and features music by Billy Childish. It was shot in the summer of 1998 and its final cut was completed in 2003. The film premiered at the New York International Independent Film and Video Festival in November 2003. On March 8, 2008 the film made its London premiere at Horse Hospital during their FLIXATION Underground Cinema event.

title: Shooting at the Moon (film)


text:
User:Euphrosyne

don't mind me

title: User:Euphrosyne


text:
Talk:National LambdaRail

Comment from 2014
NLR is gone, now. This should be updated to reflect the fact that it has gone away or morphed into something else. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 65.64.191.193 (talk) 19:50, 2 April 2014 (UTC)

Anonymous comment from 2005
what the crap is a picture of north america doing here? Not even a map, but a satellite image!
 * Now it is bare, but should probably get an infobox with log at least. Maybe a map if we can get one copyright-free. W Nowicki (talk) 19:32, 6 June 2013 (UTC)

External links modified (February 2018)
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 4 external links on National LambdaRail. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://archive.is/20130624202602/http://www.nlr.net/release78.php to http://www.nlr.net/release78.php
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20130602214649/http://www.nlr.net/release49.php to http://www.nlr.net/release49.php
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20130603010029/http://www.nlr.net/release69.php to http://www.nlr.net/release69.php
 * Added archive https://archive.is/20130222033234/http://www.nlr.net/members.php to http://www.nlr.net/members.php

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 22:59, 13 February 2018 (UTC)

title: Talk:National LambdaRail


text:
Schelomo

Schelomo: Rhapsodie Hébraïque for Violoncello and Orchestra was the final work of composer Ernest Bloch's Jewish Cycle. Schelomo (the Hebrew form of "Solomon"), which was written in 1915 to 1916, premiered on May 3, 1917, played by cellist Hans Kindler. Artur Bodanzky conducted the concert, which took place in Carnegie Hall. This concert included other works from Bloch's Jewish Cycle, including the premier of Bloch's work the Israel Symphony, which Bloch himself conducted. Three Jewish Tone Poems was also on the concert, but it had premiered two months earlier in Boston.

Jewish Cycle

The Cycle refers to a series of compositions by Bloch in which he was trying to find his musical identity. This was Bloch's way of expressing his personal conception and interpretation of what he thought Jewish music should be, since the Jewish national state was yet to be formed, in the strictest sense, at the time these biblically inspired works were written. These works include: Three Jewish Tone Poems (1913); Prelude and Psalms 114 and 137 for soprano and orchestra (1912–1914); Psalm 22 for baritone and orchestra (1914); Israel: Symphony with voices (1912–1916); and Schelomo: Rhapsodie Hébraïque for Violoncello and Orchestra (1916).

Background
Schelomo was the final work completed by Bloch before coming to America in 1916. Initially conceived as a vocal work set the text from the Book of Ecclesiastes, the composer ran into trouble deciding what language to use. A serendipitous meeting occurred between Bloch and cellist Alexandre Barjansky, who impressed Bloch with his mastery of the instrument, which had the brooding vocal quality that he envisioned for Schelomo. The word Schelomo, being the Hebrew form of Solomon, uses the violoncello to represent the voice of King Solomon. While Bloch did search for inspiration from the Bible for this composition, it was instead a wax statuette of King Solomon, created by Katherina Barjansky, wife of Bloch's friend, cellist Alexandre Barjansky, to whom the work was dedicated.

Analysis
Bloch recounts about the work in 1932, which he describes as ”psychoanalysis” of his unconscious creative process, stating that the solo cello in Schelomo is the incarnation of King Solomon and that the orchestra represents the world around him, as well as his experiences in life. In addition, he also states that sometimes the orchestra reflects the thoughts of Solomon while the solo cello expresses his words.

Schelomo is divided into three sections, with each section separated by the use of different textures and themes in cyclic form. Schelomo is scored for three flutes, two oboes, English horn, two clarinets in Bb, bass clarinet, two bassoons, contrabassoon, four horns in F, three trumpets in C, three trombones, tuba, timpani, tambourine, snare-drum, bass-drum, cymbals, tam-tam, celesta, two harps, violins (at least twelve players), violas (at least ten), cellos (at least six), basses (at least four).

First section
In the first section, the texture in the orchestra is transparent. Both orchestra and cello soloist introduce and develop the main thematic material heard throughout the composition. There are six essential thematic ideas introduced in this section. The work begins with a lament for the solo cello as the voice of King Solomon, inspired by the text, "Nothing is worth the pain it causes." "All this is vanity." The next theme, which transforms the free-flowing, cadential lament into a rhythmic dance motif, is introduced for the first time by the solo cello. This motif will appear throughout the work, in both the solo cello and orchestra, highlighting the interplay of narrative roles. After these two themes of the introduction conclude, the first occurrence of the cadenza appears in the solo cello. The cadenza is used to interrupt the piece three times, representing Solomon's rejection of the vanity the world provides. Bloch describes this section as the wives and concubines of Solomon trying to tear him away from his thoughts. At rehearsal number 2, the solo cello begins variations on the dance theme. This section grandly builds to a climax after a series of Oriental motifs, finally ending with another statement of the cadenza, a depiction of Solomon's revulsion, before the next section begins.

Second section
The second section introduces the shofar-like theme and texture for the first time in the piece, which is played by the celesta. The theme is then passed to the bassoon. Once this new theme is introduced, the solo cello immediately returns to the motif of the cadenza. This iteration of the cadenza highlights the conflict between the soloist and the orchestra. Put in counterpoint with the new theme, the solo cello is fighting the direction the orchestra is taking. The aggressive presentation of the orchestra forces the solo cello to join in, claiming the theme at an even faster tempo. This section continues to build and accelerate until the largest climax of the piece occurs. This is the point in which Solomon declares, "Vanity of vanities, all is vanity! Nothing!" The turmoil of the orchestra subsides and fades away into the distance.

Final section
The final section of Schelomo is marked andante moderato and does not introduce any new thematic material, instead, texture changes and the main themes from the previous section are developed considerably until the end. While heavily orchestrated, the theme in the solo cello remains unaffected by the surrounding influences, setting it apart from previous statements earlier in the work. In addition, the introduction of major seconds in the main theme, which was previously highly chromatic, relieves tension. The final measures of the piece restate the theme from the cadenza as a discouraged epilogue. This final attempt of the cadential motif illustrates Solomon's final collapse into silence.

Reception
In 1921, Italian critic Guido Gatti wrote of Schelomo that Bloch had "reached the perfection of his music... The violoncello with its ample breadth of phrasing, now melodic and with moments of superb lyricism, now declamatory and with robustly dramatic lights and shades, lends itself to a reincarnation of Solomon and all his glory... The orchestra palpitates in all colors of the rainbow; from the vigorous and transparent orchestration there emerge waves of sound that seem to soar upward in stupendous vortices and fall back in a shower of myriads of iridescent drops."

title: Schelomo


text:
Bryan Singer

Bryan Jay Singer (born September 16, 1965) is an American filmmaker. He is the founder of Bad Hat Harry Productions and has produced almost all of the films he has directed.

After graduating from the University of Southern California, Singer directed his first short film, Lion's Den (1988). On the basis of that film, he received financing for his next film, Public Access (1993), which was a co-winner of the Grand Jury Prize at the 1993 Sundance Film Festival. In the mid-1990s, Singer received critical acclaim for directing the neo-noir crime thriller The Usual Suspects (1995). He followed this with another thriller, Apt Pupil (1998), an adaptation of a Stephen King novella about a boy's fascination with a Nazi war criminal.

In the 2000s, he became known for big budget superhero films such as X-Men (2000), for which Singer won the 2000 Saturn Award for Best Direction, its sequel X2 (2003), and Superman Returns (2006). He then directed the World War II historical thriller Valkyrie (2008), co-wrote/co-produced X-Men: First Class (2011), and directed the fantasy adventure film Jack the Giant Slayer (2013), as well as two more X-Men films, X-Men: Days of Future Past (2014) and X-Men: Apocalypse (2016). Singer also directed the Queen biographical film Bohemian Rhapsody (2018), although he was fired from the film during filming due to clashes with the cast and crew.

Early life
Singer was born in 1965 or 1966 and was adopted by Grace Sinden, an environmental activist, and Norbert Dave Singer, a corporate executive. He grew up in a Jewish household in West Windsor Township, New Jersey. In his early teens, he started making 8mm films as well as experimenting with photography. He attended West Windsor-Plainsboro High School (now renamed West Windsor-Plainsboro High School South), graduating in 1984. He studied filmmaking for two years at the School of Visual Arts in New York, and later transferred to the USC School of Cinematic Arts in Los Angeles where he followed the Critical studies program.

1980s–1990s
Singer directed a short film in 1988 called Lion's Den involving a number of friends, including actor Ethan Hawke, whom he knew from his childhood in New Jersey, and editor John Ottman, whom he had met while working on a friend's short film. After a screening of Lion's Den, Singer was approached by someone from Tokuma Japan Productions, a Japanese company interested in funding a series of low-budget films. Singer pitched a concept that eventually became the film Public Access (1993). Ottman again served as editor but this time also composed the score for the film. At the 1993 Sundance Film Festival, the film was named as co-winner of the Grand Jury Prize with Ruby in Paradise.

In 1994, he founded the production company Bad Hat Harry Productions, in homage to Steven Spielberg and the famous line from Jaws. Singer followed this by directing The Usual Suspects, which was screened out of competition at the 1995 Cannes Film Festival. It was a success, winning Christopher McQuarrie an Academy Award for Best Writing (Original Screenplay), and actor Kevin Spacey an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor.

In 1998, Singer obtained the rights to adapt Stephen King's novella Apt Pupil, a thriller about an all-American boy discovering that a Nazi war criminal lives in his neighborhood. Singer's film adaptation starred Sir Ian McKellen, Brad Renfro, and David Schwimmer.

2000s
In the early 2000s, Singer was hoping to direct Confessions of a Dangerous Mind based on the Chuck Barris book of the same name. The film was later directed by George Clooney for Miramax Films with Sam Rockwell in the lead role. In February 2001, Singer was attempting to produce a new Battlestar Galactica television series for Studios USA (now NBC Universal Television Studio) Speaking to BBC News, Singer said he was "confident that the Galactica brand is a sleeping giant. It was a show I watched during its initial run, from the pilot to the final episode. The essence and the brand name is quite potent in a climate where there's a great deficit of sci-fi programming." Singer eventually left the project, which was produced by another team on the Sci Fi Channel.

Singer directed the superhero films X-Men (2000) and X2 (2003), which were commercial successes. In mid-2004, Singer was in negotiations to direct X-Men: The Last Stand for Fox when he agreed to direct Superman Returns for Warner Bros. In consequence, Fox terminated its production deal with Bad Hat Harry Productions, Singer's production company.

Superman Returns was filmed in Australia in 2005, and was released on June 28, 2006. Singer claimed that he had always admired and identified with the character, citing the fact that he and Superman are both orphans, noting that he was inspired by the 1978 film starring Christopher Reeve and the comics of Alex Ross.

In August 2009, Universal Pictures announced that Singer would direct and produce a big screen reimagining of the Battlestar Galactica television series of the late-1970s, which would not draw any material from the Syfy Channel reimagined series. On September 10, 2009, it was announced NBC has partnered with Singer and Bryan Fuller to adapt Augusten Burroughs's Sellevision into a series about a fictional home shopping network, according to The Hollywood Reporter. Neither project was ultimately produced.

At the premiere of James Cameron's Avatar on December 16, 2009, Singer confirmed that he would be directing Jack the Giant Slayer (2013) for Warner Bros, and that he had signed on to do X-Men: First Class, but conflicts between the two projects led to Singer being only a producer and co-screenwriter on First Class, with Matthew Vaughn taking over directorial duties.

2010s
In October 2012, it was announced that Singer would direct the next movie in the X-Men series, X-Men: Days of Future Past; Vaughn stayed on as a producer and screenwriter, and the film was released in May 2014. Singer produced the commercials for the ice cream Magnum Gold, which featured Benicio del Toro. In 2012, Singer was the executive producer alongside Jane Lynch of the short film, Ronny and I, directed by Guy Shalem that screened at Outfest and Cannes. Singer directed another X-Men film, X-Men: Apocalypse, which he also produced and co-wrote with Simon Kinberg, Dan Harris, and Michael Dougherty. Days of Future Past stars Hugh Jackman, James McAvoy, Michael Fassbender, Nicholas Hoult, Jennifer Lawrence, and Evan Peters re-teamed with Singer for Apocalypse. After the release of X-Men: Apocalypse, Singer expressed interest in directing a solo Mystique film starring Jennifer Lawrence.

In 2015, Singer, Bad Hat Harry Productions, and Same Name Productions started to collaborate on a documentary project with Guy Shalem. The documentary was set to explore the Israeli–Palestinian conflict through the vantage point of a dynamic Arab-Israeli activist. In 2016, Fox announced that Singer would direct its version of Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Seas, after having been asked to participate on the elaboration of the movie's script.

In November 2016, it was announced that Singer would direct the Queen biopic Bohemian Rhapsody. He produced the film with Jim Beach and Graham King. On December 1, 2017, The Hollywood Reporter reported that 20th Century Fox had temporarily halted production due to the "unexpected unavailability" of Singer, with sources saying that he had failed to return to the set after the Thanksgiving week. Producers were nervous about the state of production and started discussions about potentially replacing him, at which point cinematographer Newton Thomas Sigel may have stepped in to direct during Singer's absence. Singer's absence was reportedly due to "a personal health matter concerning [him] and his family", and Singer's representatives stated that he was visiting his ill mother. However, other sources stated that the film's lead actor Rami Malek and the crew had grown tired of Singer's behavior; Singer had reportedly shown up late to set on multiple occasions, and had repeatedly clashed with Malek. On December 4, 2017, Singer was fired as a director with about two weeks remaining in principal photography. Singer's replacement Dexter Fletcher is quoted saying he came in and "just finished it up, really." 20th Century Fox terminated his Bad Hat Harry Productions deal with the studio. Singer still received directorial credit for Bohemian Rhapsody due to a Directors Guild of America ruling that only a sole director can receive credit.

At the end of January 2017, Singer signed on to direct an action adventure pilot in the X-Men Universe entitled The Gifted. The show was broadcast on Fox and canceled after two seasons.

Personal life
Singer is bisexual, and has said that growing up Jewish and in a sexual minority influenced his movies. He and actress Michelle Clunie have a son who was born in January 2015.

1997 lawsuit
In 1997, a 14-year-old extra accused Singer of asking him and other minors to film a shower scene nude for the film Apt Pupil. Two other adolescent boys, 16 and 17 years old, later supported the 14-year-old's claim. The boys claimed trauma from the experience and filed a civil suit against the filmmakers alleging infliction of emotional distress, negligence, and invasion of privacy, and alleged that they were filmed for sexual gratification. While some sources state that the civil case was dismissed due to insufficient evidence,  others indicate that it was settled out of court. The Los Angeles County District Attorney's Office declined to press criminal charges.

2014 lawsuits and allegations
In April 2014, Singer was accused in a civil lawsuit of sexual assault of a minor. According to the suit filed by attorney Jeff Herman, Singer is alleged to have drugged and raped actor and model Michael Egan III in Hawaii, after initially meeting him at parties hosted by convicted sex offender Marc Collins-Rector in the late 1990s. Singer's attorney called the allegations "completely fabricated" and said Singer planned to countersue. Singer denied the allegations in a statement, calling them "outrageous, vicious, and completely false". On May 22, 2014, Singer's attorney presented evidence to Federal District Judge Susan Oki Mollway stating that neither Singer nor Egan was in Hawaii at the time. In early August 2014, Egan sought to withdraw his lawsuit via a Request for Court Order of Dismissal, and asked that it be granted "without prejudice or an award of costs or fees, in the interest of justice."

In May 2014, another lawsuit was filed by attorney Jeff Herman on behalf of an anonymous British man. Both Singer and producer Gary Goddard (who was also named separately in the first case) were accused of sexually assaulting "John Doe No. 117". According to the lawsuit, Goddard and Singer met the man for sex when he was a minor and engaged in acts of "gender violence" against him while in London for the premiere of Superman Returns. The charge against Singer in this case was dismissed, at the accuser's request, in July 2014.

Singer was cited in the 2014 documentary film on child sexual abuse in Hollywood, An Open Secret, but details of Egan's allegations were omitted after Egan withdrew his lawsuit during the film's production. Author Bret Easton Ellis alleged that two of his former partners had attended underage sex parties hosted by Singer and fellow director Roland Emmerich.

2017 lawsuit
On December 7, 2017, Cesar Sanchez-Guzman filed a lawsuit in Washington against Singer, alleging that he had been raped at age 17 by the director in 2003. Singer denied the allegations and removed himself from the public eye. After the lawsuit was announced, the USC School of Cinematic Arts removed Singer's name from its Division of Cinema & Media Studies program, an action which had previously been petitioned for by students at the school due to the many allegations against him.

In June 2019, Sanchez-Guzman's bankruptcy trustee Nancy James recommended that a $150,000 settlement be approved, citing the absence of evidence that Singer attended the yacht party where the alleged assault took place. Singer's attorney Andrew Brettler said that Singer has maintained his innocence and that the "decision to resolve the matter with the bankruptcy trustee was purely a business one". Much of the settlement would go towards paying creditors and the administrators of the case, with the remainder allocated to Sanchez-Guzman.

2019 allegations
On January 23, 2019, Alex French and Maximillian Potter published an investigative report in The Atlantic in which four more men alleged that Singer sexually assaulted them when they were underage. The article also claimed that Sanchez-Guzman's 2017 lawsuit was stalled when Singer's legal team reported Sanchez-Guzman to the Internal Revenue Service and to US immigration officials, although this was disputed by one of Singer's lawyers. In response to the men's allegations, Singer denied any association with them and described the journalists as "homophobic".

In the wake of the renewed allegations, GLAAD withdrew Bohemian Rhapsody's nomination for the year's GLAAD Media Award (in the Outstanding Film – Wide Release category) due to "Singer's response to The Atlantic story wrongfully used 'homophobia' to deflect from sexual assault allegations". Time's Up released a statement on Twitter applauding the decision, stating, "The recent allegations regarding Bryan Singer's behavior are horrifying and MUST be taken seriously and investigated." On February 6, the British Academy of Film and Television Arts removed Singer's name from Bohemian Rhapsody's nomination for the BAFTA Award for Best British Film due to the allegations against him.

On February 11, Millennium Films stated that Red Sonja, a film that Singer had been attached to as director, was no longer on their slate of films; the company's founder, Avi Lerner, had previously defended hiring Singer in spite of the allegations.

Awards and nominations
Note: Singer was initially listed as a nominee for Best British Film at the British Academy Film Awards for Bohemian Rhapsody as a co-producer in 2019; however, following sexual assault allegations, the Academy announced that they had rescinded his nomination.

title: Bryan Singer


text:
Achondrogenesis type 2

Achondrogenesis, type 2 is an uncommon skeletal dysplasia that is autosomal dominant and occurs at a frequency of approximately 0.2 per 100,000 births. Also known by the name Langer-Saldino achondrogenesis, it is one of the fatal short-limbed dwarfisms linked to structural mutations in type II collagen.

Typically, achondrogenesis type II manifests in the perinatal period as short stature, edema/hydropic look, narrow chest with pulmonary hypoplasia, severely short limbs (micromelia), and extraskeletal characteristics (e.g., flat midface, Pierre Robin sequence). Most of these babies are stillborn, delivered before their due date, or pass away from cardiorespiratory failure soon after delivery, meaning that they do not live to term.

Signs and symptoms
The characteristic features of achondrogenesis type 2 are short arms and legs, a tiny chest with short ribs, lung hypoplasia, a small chin, a prominent forehead, and an enlarged abdomen that may also include hydrops and polyhydramnios.

Causes
Mutations in the COL2A1 gene can cause a number of skeletal abnormalities, including achondrogenesis type 2. Instructions for producing a protein that produces type II collagen are provided by this gene. Type II collagen molecule assembly is disrupted by mutations in the COL2A1 gene, impairing the normal development of bones and other connective tissues.

Because achromogenesis type 2 is caused by a mutated gene that only needs one copy in each cell, it is regarded as an autosomal dominant disorder.

title: Achondrogenesis type 2


text: File:Dragnet (The Fall album - cover art).jpg


text:
Uncle Sam (comics)

Uncle Sam is a superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. Based on the national personification of the United States, Uncle Sam, the character first appeared in National Comics #1 (July 1940) and was created by Will Eisner.

Quality Comics
Uncle Sam first appeared in National Comics #1 (July 1940), which was published by Quality Comics during the Golden Age of Comic Books. He was depicted as a mystical being who was originally the spirit of a slain patriotic soldier from the American Revolutionary War, and who now appears in the world whenever his country needs him. The character was used for a few years from 1940 to 1944, briefly receiving its own series, Uncle Sam Quarterly. During this time, he had a young, non-costumed sidekick named Buddy Smith.

According to Jess Nevins' Encyclopedia of Golden Age Superheroes, "he fights a variety of Axis agents, human and superhuman, from the Black Legion to the shrink-ray-wielding Professor Nakajima. Uncle Sam also fights the mad scientist Dr. Dirge, the King Killer, and the insanity-causing Mad Poet".

DC Comics
DC Comics acquired the character as part of its acquisition of the Quality characters in the 1950s, and he was used as a supporting character in Justice League of America in the 1970s. This established Uncle Sam as the leader of the Freedom Fighters, a team of former Quality characters that briefly received its own title. This team was initially based on a parallel world called Earth-X (unrelated to the Marvel Comics universe of the same name), where World War II had lasted into the 1970s.

Uncle Sam's origin was rewritten somewhat in The Spectre, where Uncle Sam is described as a spiritual entity created through an occult ritual by the Founding Fathers. This "Spirit of America" was initially bound to a powerful talisman and would take physical form by merging with a dying patriot. The new origin states that the Spirit of America had taken human form as the Minute-Man during the Revolutionary War, Brother Jonathan in later conflicts and, during the American Civil War, had been split in two as Johnny Reb and Billy Yank.

The Spirit first assumed its now-familiar Uncle Sam incarnation in 1870, when it resurrected a political cartoonist who Boss Tweed had killed. The second host of Uncle Sam fought in World War I. A third (the character's Golden Age incarnation) was a superhero during World War II but vanished at the end of the war, erasing any subsequent appearances from the fictional history of the DC Universe (although most of them had already been erased by Crisis on Infinite Earths). In The Spectre, the Spirit is resurrected in a new costumed form called the Patriot, but later reverts to Uncle Sam in a Superman issue.

A 1997 Vertigo series features the character with the persona of a street person. A similar notion was suggested by Alan Moore in his 1980s crossover proposal Twilight of the Superheroes; this interpretation was inspired by the satirical novel The Public Burning by Robert Coover, which also features a superheroic version of Uncle Sam.

In Infinite Crisis #1, the Freedom Fighters are attacked by the Secret Society of Super Villains. Three of the Freedom Fighters, Human Bomb, Phantom Lady, and Black Condor are killed in the battle. Uncle Sam himself seemingly dies at the hands of Sinestro. The other team members are brutally injured but survive. Uncle Sam is seen face down in rainwater. When the dead heroes are found strung up on the Washington Monument in #2, Uncle Sam is missing.

The character's latest incarnation appeared in the first issue of Uncle Sam and the Freedom Fighters, and spends the first few issues of this new series attempting to form a new version of the Freedom Fighters. This new Uncle Sam emerges from the Mississippi River at the same time Father Time is elsewhere planning the future of S.H.A.D.E. with new incarnations of the Freedom Fighters members. Uncle Sam, disturbed by the deadly force used by the new versions of Phantom Lady, The Human Bomb, Doll Man, and others, successfully recruits these metahumans into his new Freedom Fighters team, which results in Father Time ordering his remaining S.H.A.D.E. personnel to pursue and kill Uncle Sam and his team. Although Uncle Sam is shown to be against killing, particularly rebuking Doll Man for murdering a crime lord in front of the man's young grandson (in issue #1), Uncle Sam is not against using deadly force when necessary.

He is also seen in Final Crisis #4 and classified as Corrupted when Alan Scott is looking for remaining superhumans to fight Darkseid's forces.

Uncle Sam shows up in the Blackest Night crossover, helping many other superheroes fight the returning dead. This includes the slaughtered incarnation of the Freedom Fighters.

In The New 52 rebooted DC continuity, a human African-American version appears in the comic series Human Bomb. One of the S.H.A.D.E leaders he calls delivers an order to capture Michael Taylor.

Powers and abilities
Uncle Sam has demonstrated various powers, including super strength, invulnerability, the ability to alter his size, enhanced speed, and some degree of clairvoyance. He is also shown to be able to transport himself and others to a pocket dimension called The Heartland; he does this to Doll Man in Uncle Sam and the Freedom Fighters #2. The Pre-Crisis version of Uncle Sam could at one point travel to parallel universes, as he did with the Freedom Fighters to travel to Earth-X from Earth-Two, but in another instance, Uncle Sam and the other Freedom Fighters require the help of a scientist's machine to travel to Earth-One. His powers are said to be in direct proportion of the belief people have in the idea of the United States as The City Upon a Hill. In Uncle Sam and the Freedom Fighters, Father Time states that tests indicate Sam is not a human, metahuman, or magical being, and the indication of what he is can be considered inconclusive.

Other versions

 * In 1998, DC published under its adult imprint Vertigo a two-issue prestige format comic series, Uncle Sam. It was written by Steve Darnall with painted artwork by Alex Ross. Uncle Sam is depicted as a ragged old man who is tormented by visions of historical episodes and modern aspects of the United States at its worst. He is forced to battle a dark doppelganger of himself based on corruption, deceit, and oppression, with the identity of the United States at stake.
 * In an alternate DC timeline appearing in Superman/Batman, Superman and Batman have been raised by Cosmic King, Lightning Lord, and Saturn Queen, the three original members of the Legion of Super-Villains, and have turned the Earth into a totalitarian state. Uncle Sam becomes Green Lantern when Wonder Woman gives him Abin Sur's ring, as Hal Jordan is dead in this reality. When Wonder Woman first encounters this Uncle Sam, he is visually similar to the Uncle Sam from Alex Ross' miniseries; once she uses her magic lasso to reveal the truth to him, he reverts to his classic persona and costume.
 * In the final issue of 52, a new multiverse is revealed, originally consisting of 52 identical realities. Among the parallel realities shown is one designated Earth-10. As a result of Mister Mind "eating" aspects of this reality, it takes on visual aspects similar to the pre-Crisis Earth-X, including the Quality characters.

Based on comments by Grant Morrison and the fact that a Nazi version of Superman is depicted in the scene, this alternate universe is not the pre-Crisis Earth-X.
 * On Earth-11, a world of reversed genders, a female version of Sam named Columbia leads the Freedom Fighters.
 * New Super-Man features a character, Flying Dragon General, as an analog of Uncle Sam.

Television
Uncle Sam appears in the Batman: The Brave and the Bold episode "Cry Freedom Fighters!", voiced by Peter Renaday. This version draws power from patriotic spirit and will fade from existence without it, though he can be revived with sufficient energy. He can also project force fields and grant his power to others.

Video games
Uncle Sam appears as a character summon in Scribblenauts Unmasked: A DC Comics Adventure.

Miscellaneous
Uncle Sam appears in Justice League Unlimited #17.

title: Uncle Sam (comics)


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/KOLCHINSKY. KOLCHYNSKYY, KOLCHYNSKY. KOLCHINSKI.

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was del.mikka (t) 06:42, 7 September 2005 (UTC)

KOLCHINSKY. KOLCHYNSKYY, KOLCHYNSKY. KOLCHINSKI.
''' : an assumption is IT nonsense. Kolchisnky 06:49, 30 August 2005 (UTC)
 * '''??????? So is it about non-sense, genealogy, anti-semitism, disability to understand alternation in Slavic languages or IT writing about Ukrainian history?
 * See also KOLCHINSKY. Punkmorten 06:50, 30 August 2005 (UTC)
 * An article about a Jewish family name, with a horrible title. Not encyclopedic. Delete. — J I P | Talk 06:47, 30 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy delete : patent nonsense. Manik Raina 06:49, 30 August 2005 (UTC)
 * See also KOLCHINSKY. Punkmorten 06:50, 30 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, anything of value to KOLCHINSKY (naming corrected hopefully... or, maybe delete that too... gren グレン 07:38, 30 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete WP:NOT a genealogy or directory of foreign names. -Splash 22:38, 30 August 2005 (UTC)
 * speedify since not just vanity but patent nonsense. --Irpen 02:12, August 31, 2005 (UTC)
 * See Patent nonsense. It's quite specific and many nonsensical things don't quite fit it. -Splash 02:19, 31 August 2005 (UTC)
 * DELETE, DELEET, DELEAT Non-notable, poor title, poor content without citation. - C HAIRBOY 22:22, 31 August 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Dragnet (album)

Dragnet is the second studio album by English post-punk band the Fall, released on 26 October 1979 through Step-Forward Records. Appearing less than eight months after its predecessor, Live at the Witch Trials, Dragnet established at an early stage two key patterns characteristic of the group's future: that of high productivity and that of a regular turnover of group members.

Background and recording
Only Mark E. Smith and Marc Riley remained in the lineup from the band's debut album, Live at the Witch Trials. Drummer Karl Burns left soon after recording and was replaced by Mike Leigh, while founder member Martin Bramah quit mid-tour in April 1979, when some of the material intended for the second album had already been written. Smith quickly recruited guitarist Craig Scanlon and bassist Steve Hanley, who were Fall roadies, members of support band Staff 9 and friends of Marc Riley's; both were just 18 & 19, respectively, when they joined the group and would form the Fall's musical backbone until the mid-1990s. Riley moved from bass to guitar (his first instrument), and also started to play keyboards following Yvonne Pawlett's departure after recording the "Rowche Rumble" single.

The album, titled Dragnet, was recorded 2–4 August 1979. Dragnet's sound was notably muddy and lo-fi – Riley has claimed that this was a deliberate contrast to the sharp, clean sound of Live at the Witch Trials, while Smith claimed that the recording studio was so appalled by the sound that the group were asked to remove the studio's name from the album sleeve. Bramah did not receive credit for his contributions, and there were several songs that were altered heavily by the group after his departure. Among these was "Before the Moon Falls", which had as its musical backing a song that later became the basis for the Blue Orchids' "Work".

The album is somewhat self-referential lyrically, with several songs referencing the music industry. At least two tracks, "Printhead" and "Your Heart Out", quote or paraphrase reviews of the band's live shows. "Printhead" even verifies this fact within its own lyrics. "Dice Man" takes its title from the novel The Dice Man by Luke Rhinehart. "Spectre Vs Rector" was, according to Pitchfork's Jason Heller, an answer to "Music Scene" on Live at the Witch Trials, commenting that "its sludge and subliminal menace practically invented post-rock as an afterthought". "Muzorewi's Daughter", with its "slow, relentless acceleration...punctuated by Smith's shrieks," was described as "one of the most terrifying Fall songs of them all".

Dragnet would be the Fall's final album for Miles Copeland III's Step-Forward label; the band signed with Rough Trade Records in early 1980.

Reception
Reviews for Dragnet have been generally favourable. Sounds critic Dave McCullough wrote that "The Fall have never been stronger, the sound is more concise, more assured and Mark Smith's writing has an aura of confidence and direction to it." In his review for Record Mirror, Chris Westwood said that the album's "clattering demo-tape production" effectively draws attention to the songs' lyrics: "Odd lines of vocal stick, and it's the odd lines that count." Dragnet was ranked the 35th best album of 1979 by NME.

David Quantick, reviewing the 1999 reissue for Q, found that Dragnet contains some of Smith's best songs and noted its crude production, remarking that the album sounds as if it "was recorded on a home cassette recorder in a multi-storey car park." Nicholas Collias, reviewing the 2004 reissue for the Boise Weekly, viewed the music on the album as providing "the blueprint for The Fall's golden age of the early 1980s: paper-thin rockabilly with tinny, meandering guitars and lilting keyboards." In his review of the 2016 reissue, Jason Heller of Pitchfork described the album as "weighty" and "overwhelmingly dense." Vulture's Stuart Berman cited Dragnet as "the first album where the Fall tap into their powers of hypnosis, locking into the sinister back-alley prowl of 'Before the Moon Falls' and the Morse code, cowbell-clanged pummel of 'Spectre vs Rector,' all while Smith transcends from the realm of mere punk carnival barker to oracle of the underground." In 2018, Billboard writer Geeta Dayal ranked it the Fall's fourth best album.

Stereogum's Robert Ham was less enthusiastic about Dragnet and felt that "the songs are playful and feel like they were constructed just a few minutes before the tape started rolling, but that doesn't suit this version of The Fall one bit," criticising its lack of "tension". Trouser Press opined that Dragnet is "not one of The Fall's best efforts, but contains at least two classic numbers, 'Spectre vs. Rector' and 'A Figure Walks'." AllMusic reviewer Ned Raggett noted that while several tracks "come across as Fall-by-numbers (even then, already better than plenty of other bands)," the album nonetheless includes "thorough standouts" such as "Spectre Vs Rector".

Reissues
In 2004, Castle Music reissued the album with, for the first time, remastered audio from the original master tapes. The reissue included the contemporaneous singles "Rowche Rumble" and "Fiery Jack" (and the singles' B-sides), but also previously unheard alternate takes and breakdowns from the "Rowche Rumble" recording sessions. Dragnet was reissued on vinyl in 2016 on the Superior Viaduct label.

Track listing
All tracks arranged by the Fall except "Printhead" (arranged by the Fall and Martin Bramah).

Personnel

 * The Fall

 * Mark E. Smith – vocals, electric piano, kazoo, tape
 * Steve Hanley – bass guitar, backing vocals
 * Marc Riley – guitar, acoustic guitar, backing vocals
 * Craig Scanlon – guitar, electric piano, kazoo, tape (credited as "Craig Scanlan")
 * Mike Leigh – drums

 * Additional musicians

 * Kay Carroll – backing vocals (credited as "Mrs. Horace Sullivan")
 * Yvonne Pawlett – keyboards ("Rowche Rumble" and "In My Area")

 * Technical

 * The Fall – production (including "Rowche Rumble" and "Fiery Jack" single tracks)
 * Grant Showbiz – production
 * John Brierley – engineering
 * Oz McCormick – production ("Rowche Rumble" single tracks)
 * Geoff Travis – production ("Fiery Jack" single tracks)
 * Mayo Thompson – production ("Fiery Jack" single tracks)
 * Tina Prior – front cover
 * Brendan Jackson – photography
 * Mark E. Smith – back cover, insert

title: Dragnet (album)