text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/The Magical Jellybean

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was DELETE. -Splash 00:29, 10 September 2005 (UTC)

The Magical Jellybean
Not notable, possible ad. --fvw *  06:14, August 30, 2005 (UTC) Delete as per fvw DV8 2XL 18:07, 30 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, ad. the wub  "?/!"  12:18, 30 August 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
User talk:Mikeydaves

Please stop removing content from Wikipedia; it is considered vandalism. If you want to experiment, please use the sandbox. Thank you. -Loren 06:15, 30 August 2005 (UTC)

Semi-automated template substitution

 * This page was modified to semi-automatically substitute templates using Pathoschild's template list. // Tawker 18:39, 12 February 2006 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User talk:Mikeydaves


text:
Aden Protectorate

The Aden Protectorate (محمية عدن Maḥmiyyat ‘Adan) was a British protectorate in southern Arabia. The protectorate evolved in the hinterland of the port of Aden and in the Hadhramaut after the conquest of Aden by the Bombay Presidency of British India in January 1839, and which continued until the 1960s. In 1940, it was divided for administrative purposes into the Western Protectorate and the Eastern Protectorate. The territory now forms part of the Republic of Yemen.

The rulers of the Aden Protectorate, as generally with the other British protectorates and protected states, retained a large degree of autonomy: their flags still flew over their government buildings, government was still performed by them or in their names, and their states maintained a distinct 'international personality' in terms of international law, in contrast to states possessed directly by the British Empire, such as Colony of Aden, where the British monarch was the sovereign.

Informal beginnings
What became known as the Aden Protectorate was begun by informal arrangements of protection with nine states in the immediate hinterland of the port city of Aden:

 * Abdali (Lahej)
 * Alawi
 * Amiri (Dhala)
 * Aqrabi
 * Aulaqi
 * Fadhli
 * Haushabi
 * Subeihi
 * Yafa

British expansion into the area was designed to secure the important port that was, at the time, governed from British India. From 1874, these protection arrangements existed with the tacit acceptance of the Ottoman Empire that maintained suzerainty of Yemen to the north, and the polities became known collectively as the "Nine Tribes" or the "Nine Cantons."

Formal treaties of protection
Beginning with a formal treaty of protection with the Mahra Sultanate of Qishn and Socotra in 1886, the British began a slow formalisation of protection arrangements that included more than 30 major treaties of protection with the last signed only in 1954. These treaties, together with a number of other minor agreements, created the Aden Protectorate that extended well east of Aden to Hadhramaut and included all of the territory that would become South Yemen except for the immediate environs and port of the colonial capital, Aden.

Aden with its harbour was the only area in full British sovereignty and, together with some offshore islands, was known as Aden Settlement (1839–1932), Aden Province (1932–1937), the Colony of Aden (1937–1963) and finally State of Aden (1963–1967).

In exchange for British protection, the rulers of the constituent territories of the Protectorate agreed not to make treaties with or cede territory to any other foreign power. In 1917, control of Aden Protectorate was transferred from the Government of India, which had inherited the British East India Company's interests in various princely states on the strategically important naval route from Europe to India, to the British Foreign Office. For administrative purposes, the protectorate was divided into the Eastern Aden Protectorate (with its own Political Officer, a British advisor, stationed at Mukalla in Qu'aiti from 1937 to c. 1967) and the Western Aden Protectorate (with its own Political Officer, stationed at Lahej from 1 April 1937 to 1967), for some separation of administration.

In 1928, the British established Aden Command, directed by the Royal Air Force, to preserve the security of the Protectorate. It was renamed British Forces Aden in 1936 and was known later as British Forces Arabian Peninsula and then Middle East Command (Aden).

Polities
The boundaries between the polities and even their number fluctuated over time. Some such as the Mahra Sultanate barely had any functioning administration.

Not included in the protectorate were Aden Colony and the insular areas of Perim, Kamaran, and Khuriya Muriya that were administered by it.

Eastern Protectorate
The Eastern Protectorate (c. 230,000 km2) came to include the following entities (mostly in Hadhramaut):

 * Kathiri
 * Mahra
 * Qu'aiti
 * Wahidi Balhaf
 * Wahidi Bir Ali
 * Wahidi Haban

Western Protectorate
The Western Protectorate (c. 55,000 km2) included:

 * Alawi
 * Aqrabi
 * Audhali
 * Beihan
 * Dathina
 * Dhala
 * Qutaibi Dependence of Dhala
 * Fadhli
 * Haushabi
 * Lahej
 * Lower Aulaqi
 * Lower Yafa
 * Shaib
 * Upper Aulaqi Sheikhdom
 * Upper Aulaqi Sultanate
 * Upper Yafa Sultanate and the five Upper Yafa sheikhdoms of:
 * Al-Busi
 * Al-Dhubi
 * Hadrami
 * Maflahi
 * Mawsata

Advisory treaties
In 1938, Britain signed an advisory treaty with the Qu'aiti sultan and, throughout the 1940s and 1950s, signed similar treaties with twelve other protectorate states. The following were the states with advisory treaties:

 * Eastern Protectorate States
 * Kathiri
 * Mahra
 * Qu'aiti
 * Wahidi Balhaf

 * Western Protectorate States
 * Audhali
 * Beihan
 * Dhala
 * Haushabi
 * Fadhli
 * Lahej
 * Lower Aulaqi
 * Lower Yafa
 * Upper Aulaqi Sheikhdom

These agreements allowed for the stationing of a Resident Advisor in the signatory states which gave the British a greater degree of control of their domestic affairs. This rationalised and stabilised the rulers' status and laws of succession but had the effect of encouraging official corruption. Aerial bombardment and collective punishment were sometimes used against wayward tribes to enforce the rule of Britain's clients. British protection came to be considered by some to be an impediment to progress, especially by promoters of Arab nationalism as reinforced by news from the outside received by newly available transistor radios.

Challenges to the status quo
British control was also challenged by King Ahmad bin Yahya of the Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen to the north who did not recognise British suzerainty in South Arabia and had ambitions of creating a unified Greater Yemen. During the late 1940s and the early 1950s, Yemen was involved with a series of border skirmishes along the disputed Violet Line, a 1914 Anglo-Ottoman demarcation that served to separate Yemen from the Aden Protectorate.

In 1950, Kennedy Trevaskis, the Advisor for the Western Protectorate developed a plan for the protectorate states to form two federations, corresponding to the two halves of the protectorate. Although little progress was made with the plan, it was considered a provocation by Ahmad bin Yahya. In addition to his role as king, he also served as the imam of the ruling Zaidi branch of Shi'a Islam. He feared that a successful federation in the Shafi'i Sunnite protectorates would serve to encourage discontented Shafi'ites who inhabited the coastal regions of Yemen. To counter the threat, Ahmad increased Yemeni efforts to decrease British control and, during the mid-1950s, Yemen assisted a number of revolts by disgruntled tribes against protectorate states. The appeal of Yemen was limited initially in the protectorate but a growing intimacy between Yemen and the popular Arab nationalist president of Egypt Gamal Abdel Nasser and the formation of United Arab States increased its attraction.

Federation and the end of the Protectorate
Aden had been of interest to Britain as a link to British India and then, after the loss of most of Britain's colonies from 1945 and the disastrous Suez Crisis in 1956, as a valuable port for accessing crucial Middle Eastern oil. It had also been chosen as the new location for Middle East Command.

Nationalist pressure prodded the threatened rulers of the Aden Protectorate states to revive efforts at forming a federation and, on 11 February 1959, six of them signed an accord forming the Federation of Arab Emirates of the South. During the next three years, they were joined by nine others and, on 18 January 1963, Aden Colony was merged with the federation creating the new Federation of South Arabia. At the same time, the (mostly eastern) states that had not joined the federation became the Protectorate of South Arabia, thus ending the existence of the Protectorate of Aden.

Aden Emergency
On 10 December 1963, a state of emergency was declared in the former protectorate and the newly created State of Aden.

The Emergency was caused largely by Arab nationalism spreading to the Arabian Peninsula, encouraged especially by the Socialist and pan-Arabist doctrines of the Egyptian president Gamel Abdel Nasser. The British, French, and Israeli invasion forces that had invaded Egypt after Nasser's nationalisation of the Suez Canal in 1956 had been forced to withdraw after intervention from both the United States and the USSR.

Nasser had only limited success in spreading his pan-Arabist doctrines through the Arab world, with his 1958 attempt to unify Egypt and Syria as the United Arab Republic ending in failure only 3 years later. An anti-colonial uprising in Aden in 1963 provided another potential opportunity for his doctrines, though it is not clear whether the revolt among the Arabs in Aden had the Yemeni guerrilla groups drawing inspiration from Nasser's pan-Arabist ideas or acting independently themselves.

By 1963 and during the ensuing years, anti-British guerrilla groups with varying political objectives began to coalesce into two larger, rival organisations: first the Egyptian-supported National Liberation Front (NLF) and then the Front for the Liberation of Occupied South Yemen (FLOSY), who attacked each other as well as the British.

By 1965, the RAF station (RAF Khormaksar) was operating nine squadrons. These included transport units with helicopters and a number of Hawker Hunter ground attack aircraft. They were called in by the army for strikes against positions using "60 lb" high explosive rockets and 30 mm Aden cannon.

The Battle of Crater brought Lt-Col Colin Campbell Mitchell (AKA "Mad Mitch") to prominence. On 20 June 1967 there was a mutiny in the Army of South Arabian Federation, which spread to the police. Order was restored by the British, due mainly to the efforts of the 1st Battalion Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders, commanded by Lt-Col Mitchell.

Nevertheless, deadly guerrilla attacks particularly by the NLF resumed soon against British forces, with the British leaving Aden by the end of November 1967, earlier than had been planned by British Prime Minister Harold Wilson and without an agreement for the succeeding governance. The NLF then seized power.

title: Aden Protectorate


text:
César Pelli

César Pelli (October 12, 1926 – July 19, 2019) was an Argentine-American architect who designed some of the world's tallest buildings and other major urban landmarks. Two of his most notable buildings are the Petronas Towers in Kuala Lumpur and the World Financial Center in New York City. The American Institute of Architects named him one of the ten most influential living American architects in 1991 and awarded him the AIA Gold Medal in 1995. In 2008, the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat presented him with The Lynn S. Beedle Lifetime Achievement Award.

Life and education
Pelli was born October 12, 1926, in San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina. His grandfather was an immigrant from Italy, while his mother's family was criollo. His father was a civil servant, who had been reduced to doing odd jobs due to the Depression, while his mother worked as a teacher. Pelli studied architecture at the Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. He graduated in 1949, after which he designed low-cost housing projects. In 1952, he attended the University of Illinois School of Architecture in the United States for advanced study in architecture, and received his Master of Science in Architecture degree in 1954.

He married acclaimed landscape architect Diana Balmori, who worked as a partner at his company. They had two children: Denis, a neurobiologist and Professor of Psychology and Neural Science at New York University and Rafael Pelli, like his father also a well-known architect. The couple resided in an apartment in The San Remo on Manhattan's Upper West Side.

Early years

In 1952, Pelli moved to the United States with his wife, Diana Balmori (1932–2016), and became a naturalized citizen in 1964. After his graduation from the University of Illinois School of Architecture, Pelli worked for Eero Saarinen in Bloomfield Hills, Michigan, for ten years. While with Eero, he worked on the TWA terminal at John F. Kennedy International Airport and the Morse and Stiles colleges at Yale University.

In 1964, he became director of design at Daniel, Mann, Johnson and Mendenhall in Los Angeles. In 1965, Pelli designed the Sunset Mountain Park Urban Nucleus (an unbuilt project). In 1968 Pelli became partner for design at Gruen Associates in Los Angeles. In 1969, Pelli designed the COMSAT research and development laboratories in Clarksburg, Maryland. Pelli designed his first landmark building with the Pacific Design Center in West Hollywood, California, which was completed 1975 and became known by the locals as the "Blue Whale". The United States Embassy in Tokyo, Japan, was designed by Pelli in 1972 and completed in 1975. While practicing in Los Angeles, Pelli taught in the architecture program at UCLA.

1977–1989
In 1977, Pelli was selected to be the dean of the Yale School of Architecture in New Haven, Connecticut, and served in that post until 1984. Shortly after Pelli arrived at Yale, he won the commission to design the expansion and renovation of the Museum of Modern Art in New York, which resulted in the establishment of his own firm, Cesar Pelli & Associates. The museum's expansion/renovation and the Museum of Modern Art Residential Tower were completed 1984; the World Financial Center in New York, which includes the grand public space of the Winter Garden, was completed in 1988. Among other significant projects during this period are the Crile Clinic Building in Cleveland, Ohio, completed 1984; Herring Hall at Rice University in Houston, Texas (also completed 1984); completion in 1988 of the Green Building at the Pacific Design Center in West Hollywood, California; completion of the Bank of America Corporate Center in Charlotte, North Carolina in 1989; and the construction of the Wells Fargo Center in Minneapolis, Minnesota, in 1989.

1990–2005
Pelli was named one of the ten most influential living American Architects by the American Institute of Architects in 1991. In 1990, He completed the Carnegie Hall Tower. In 1995, he was awarded the American Institute of Architects Gold Medal. In May 2004, Pelli was awarded an honorary Doctor of Humane Letters degree from the University of Minnesota Duluth where he designed Weber Music Hall. In 2005, Pelli was honored with the Connecticut Architecture Foundation's Distinguished Leadership Award.

Buildings designed by Pelli during this period are marked by further experimentation with a variety of materials (most prominently stainless steel) and his evolution of the skyscraper. One Canada Square at Canary Wharf in London (opened in 1991); Plaza Tower in Costa Mesa, California (completed 1991); and the NTT Headquarters in Tokyo (finished 1995) were preludes to a landmark project that Pelli designed for Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The Petronas Towers were completed in 1997, sheathed in stainless steel and reflecting Islamic design motifs. The dual towers were the world's tallest buildings until 2004. That year, Pelli received the Aga Khan Award for Architecture for the design of the Petronas Towers Pelli's design for the National Museum of Art in Osaka, Japan, was completed 2005, the same year that Pelli's firm changed its name to Pelli Clarke Pelli Architects to reflect the growing roles of senior principals Fred W. Clarke and Pelli's son Rafael.

2006–2019

The Cira Centre on the Schuylkill River, designed by Pelli, opened in January 2006. Pelli also designed the master plan for Cira Centre South, near the University of Pennsylvania which was completed in 2014. He was also architect of the 730-foot luxury mixed-use skyscraper FMC Tower as part of the Cira Centre South development.

This period saw the completion of several cultural/civic projects designed by Pelli. The Adrienne Arsht Center for the Performing Arts in Miami, Florida, opened in 2006, the same year that Pelli's design for the Minneapolis Central Library completed construction, as well as the Renee and Henry Segerstrom Concert Hall and Samueli Theater in Costa Mesa, California. Pelli designs for office towers and developments throughout Asia and South America have been completed in the past decade. In 2012, the three-building Pacific Design Center, which Pelli designed 40 years earlier while at Gruen Associates, was completed with the addition of the Red Building.

In May 2008, Pelli was given an honorary Doctor of Arts degree by Yale University. That same year, he received the Lynn S. Beedle Lifetime Achievement Award from the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat (CTBUH). In 2012, Pelli was honored with the platinum Konex Award for architecture and the diamond Konex Award for visual arts.

Major projects completed in the 2010s included The Landmark in Abu Dhabi, Sevilla Tower in Seville, Spain and Piazza Gae Aulenti and the UniCredit Tower in Milan, Italy. In 2018, the Salesforce Tower and the first phase of the adjacent Transbay Transit Center in San Francisco were completed. The Salesforce Tower was named the world's best tall building by CTBUH in 2019 which is the year when Pelli died.

Death
Pelli died at the age of 92 at his home in New Haven, Connecticut. No cause was given. Malaysian Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad, whose tenure witnessed the designing and construction of the Twin Towers, praised him as a "great architect" while expressing his condolences to Pelli's surviving family members. Pelli's Azabudai Hills in Tokyo, Japan, was completed on June 30, 2023, making it the tallest building in Japan at the time of completion.

Publications

 * 1982: "Skyscrapers", Perspecta 18, pp. 134–151
 * 1984: Introduction to The Second Generation by Esther McCoy (Peregrine Smith Books)
 * 1999: Observations for Young Architects (Monacelli Press)
 * 2001: Petronas Towers: The Architecture of High Construction co-authored with Michael J. Crosbie (Wiley-Academy)
 * 2002: Foreword to Ralph Rapson: Sketches and Drawings from Around the World by Ralph Rapson (Afton Historical Society Press)

title: César Pelli


text: User talk:211.29.179.226

title: User talk:211.29.179.226


text:
Talk:Combination

Efficient calculation

 * $$ {n \choose k} = \frac{n!}{k! \cdot (n-k)!}. $$

The most obvious method of obtaining the numerical value given above is not the most efficient method. This is most inefficient if the value of n is very large.

A more efficient algorithmn for the numerical value is

 * $$ {n \choose k} = \frac { ( n - 0 ) }{ (r - 0) } \times \frac { ( n - 1 ) }{ (r - 1) } \times \frac { ( n - 2 ) }{ (r - 2) } \times \frac { ( n - 3 ) }{ (r - 3) } \times \cdots \times \frac { ( n - (r - 1) ) }{ (r - (r - 1)) }$$

Example:

 * $$ {70 \choose 4} = \frac { 70 }{ 4 } \times \frac { 69 }{ 3 } \times \frac { 68 }{ 2 } \times \frac { 67 }{ 1 } = 916895$$

 * That is true. But one should add that after putting it in the form

 * $$ {70 \choose 4} = \frac { 70 }{ 4 } \times \frac { 69 }{ 3 } \times \frac { 68 }{ 2 } \times \frac { 67 }{ 1 }$$

 * one should CANCEL BEFORE MULTIPLYING. Michael Hardy 23:53, 30 August 2005 (UTC)

No Michael, just compute backwards like this: ((((((67/1)×68)/2)×69)/3)×70)/4. Bo Jacoby 11:58, 23 March 2006 (UTC)

Consistency in style
Wouldn't it be more consistent to have the term representing combinations in the same style as the term representing permutations? Combinations is (n k) and Permutations is P(n, k). I suggest C(n, k) would be better. David Ball 01:58, 28 December 2005 (UTC)

I most often see permutations written in the form nPr, although this is mostly aesthetics and simply a matter of preference. I would also suggest to use n,r rather than n,k to match the Permutaions article. 141.156.41.21 00:18, 10 November 2006 (UTC)

REDIRECT to Binomial coefficient

 * Binomial coefficient
 * this page looks like it is about the exact same topic, and I think the pages should be merged. Any takers? Fresheneesz 23:11, 4 February 2006 (UTC)
 * I couldn't agree more. I had a concept review problem on my summer math worksheet regarding both permutations and combinations, so I looked here on Wikipedia for reference.  I found permutations easily enough, but it was hard to find combinations. (probably because the word has so many other meanings)The two should both be on the same page.   --Iellwen, August 2006
 * No. It's obviously NOT the same topic as binomial coefficient, since it includes enumeration of ordered things including permutations and permutations-with-repetition, etc.  This proposal is silly. Michael Hardy 20:39, 30 August 2006 (UTC)
 * No. Agree with Mike on this one. Definately NOT the same topic. fintler 23:32, 14 December 2006 (UTC)

Fintler, for a proof that the binomial coefficient count the number of k-combinations of an n-set, see Multiset. Bo Jacoby 01:22, 15 December 2006 (UTC)

I agree partially with the original poster: either the definitions of the binomial coefficient and combination need to be stated clearly to show that they are different concepts, or they need to be considered the same concept. Currently, both pages give n!/k!/(n-k)! as their definition, and this is entirely incorrect. The definition of a binomial coefficient is given in the first sentence on the page, it is the coefficient of the x^k term in (1+x)^n. The definition of a combination is the count of sets without replacement or regard to order from n elements to a sets of size k. The fact that both of these equal n!/k!/(n-k)! is a theorem, not a definition. Antares5245 (talk) 07:30, 26 July 2009 (UTC)

 * The fact that both of those equal n!/k!/(n-k)! is similar to the fact that conic sections give a locus of points forming ellipses, but also the points formed by an equal sum of distances from 2 focus points forms an ellipse, and then also the fact that an ellipse is formed when the points of a circle are scaled in one axis. All three give the same formula, an ellipse, but we don't have separate wikipedia entries depending on how  they are formed. Both the binomial coefficients and also the combinations give the same result, but they arise by looking from two different perspectives.
 * I think the current situation is a bit messy, and information in the two articles is largely duplicated. I would vote in favour of a merge and redirect. Anyone looking for info on one is likely interested in the other anyway.
 * Dansharkey (talk) 08:28, 21 August 2023 (UTC)

(Meta-talk)
''This "Merge" talk section (about merging the substance of what was then the article "Permutations and combinations") incorporated article text, including what was presumably a heading "Combination with repetition" from that article. (For the record, probably the level (depth) of the heading was changed to better fit the environment of this talk page.)  For the record, that other page got renamed from "Permutations and combinations" to "Twelvefold way". I'm acting in the hope that additional (parenthesized) headings, and an (additional) level change, will help make it more intuitive than it was as i found it. --Jerzy•t 02:05, 26 July 2014 (UTC)

(Earliest contribs to "Merge" section )
I think the Combinations section of Permutations and combinations should be merged into this article. "Permutations and combinations" hardly actually describes combinations, and mainly focuses on details of permutations. Anyone agree/disagree with this proposal? --Evil Eccentric 00:08, 23 March 2006 (UTC)
 * I prefer short focused articles with links to related subjects rather that long articles explaining everything. So I support your suggestion. See also the article on Multiset, where the formula for 'combination with repetition' is derived. Information from all three articles might be merged. Bo Jacoby 11:42, 23 March 2006 (UTC)
 * After riding the fence on this one for a while (since the two topics are often considered together), I support two separate articles: 1. Permutations and 2. Combinations, with clear links between the two, and no combined article. The location for the derivation of the 'combination with repetition' formula can reside in either article as long as there is a link from one to the other explaining its location.  If it has to come down to a vote, put the derivation in the shorter article to balance their lengths out. --  Adam Trogon 21:14, 18 May 2006 (UTC)
 * This is just to alert you that Permutation with repetitions entry of Permutations and combinations is inconsistent and has to be fixed. See my detailed remark at Talk:Permutations_and_combinations. In addition, this part of Permutations and combinations article is also a part of Combinatorics, with the same problems.
 * I tried to trace the history. It seems that the text was first added to Combinatorics by User:Haham_hanuka, and then copied to Permutations and combinations by User:Charles Matthews. Not sure this info helps...
 * --Alex -- talk to me 06:32, 26 May 2006 (UTC)

There is a seperate article discussing Permutation but the Combination article is 'almost' just a stub. I support the removal of the Permutations and combinations article and replacing that with two seperate articles covering these two distinct and very interesting topics. - Manish 28 August 2006 — Preceding unsigned comment added by Altrn8r (talk) 21:35, 28 August 2006

I concurr with Manish. Permutation and Combination should be kept seperate, and there's little point having an article talking about both. WhaleWey 02:10, 6 November 2006 (UTC)

(Contrib that embedded an "imported" heading into this talk page)
(Note: except for retrofitted parenthesized section headings, everything in this sub-section is part of a single talk contribution.)

(Initial (& original) content)
I'm doing the merge now. The following section was in the article but seems to contradict this article:

Combination with repetition
When the order does not matter and an object can be chosen more than once, then the number of combinations is
 * $${{(n + r - 1)!} \over {r!(n - 1)!}} = {{n + r - 1} \choose {r}} = {{n + r - 1} \choose {n - 1}}$$

where n is the number of objects from which you can choose and r is the number to be chosen. This can be visualised in the following way: Imagine a string of n symbols, from which we choose r examples. e.g. pick eight symbols from the list {a, b, c, d, e}. We can rewrite this using the symbols 1 and /, meaning 'choose one' and 'next symbol' respectively. Therefore a choice of, say, {a, a, b, c, c, c, e, e} could be represented, starting at 'a', as {1,1,/,1,/,1,1,1,/,/,1,1}. ("Choose an 'a'; choose another 'a'; move on to the next symbol, 'b'; choose a 'b';" etc.) This is an equivalent to choosing n − 1 positions for the / symbol in a string of length (n − 1) + r, where n = 5 and r = 8 in this example. Thus this problem is equivalent to choosing n - 1 positions from amongst n + r − 1, without repetition, and hence falls under a previously described case.

For example, if you have ten types of donuts to choose from and you want three donuts there are
 * $${{(10 + 3 - 1)!} \over {3!(10 - 1)!}} = {220} $$

ways to choose (see also multiset).

(Further (& original) comment, by includer, on the embedded section; also includer's sig)
Is this right? If so, please incorporate into the article. Tocharianne 19:05, 31 December 2006 (UTC)

(Contribs responding to includer)

 * Yes it is right. It is proved twice in multiset. No need to repeat it here. --Bo Jacoby 21:46, 31 December 2006 (UTC).
 * Hi, I've added an alternative explanation. --Bizso (talk) 22:06, 15 April 2009 (UTC)

But what if?
If K is "any number greater than 1 and smaller or equal to N"? What kind of combination without repetitions is it and what's the shorthand equation? How can one calculate the amount of of combinations possible if a P amount of the elements at hand can be exchanged with an F amount of alternatives yet none to L or all of P can coexist with none to L or Q or all of FUndead Herle King (talk) 19:35, 5 April 2008 (UTC)

Pascal's Triangle, Algorithms
Shouldn't this article at least make a passing reference to pascal's triangle, and mention some algorithms for calculating combinations? Antares5245 (talk) 08:50, 25 July 2009 (UTC)

here is what I get
nCk can be expressed as follows??

1...n

k

1..k-1.(n-k+1)

1..k-2.(n-k)

1..k-3.(n-k-1)

1..k-4.(n-k-2)

1....

1......(1)

=sum(n-k+1)

1..k-1.k-2.(n-k)

1....

1....(1)

=sum(n-k)

1..k-2.k-3.(n-k-1)

=sum(n-k-1)

...

=sum(n-k-2)

answer=k-1 terms from [sum(n-k+1) + sum(sum(n-k)) + sum(sum(sum(n-k-1))) ......] — Preceding unsigned comment added by 192.18.192.21 (talk) 10:29, 29 July 2009

Repeated undoes
There have now been two successive unmotivated undoes by 76.251.40.133 (talk) of the same edit, with a few days' interval. I've reverted a second time, but would not like to go into edit warring. Given this user's (or IP's) track record, I guess it is just vandalism, and measures should be taken if it recurs again. Of course if there is any motivation for the undoes, this is the place to explain. Marc van Leeuwen (talk) 11:20, 21 February 2010 (UTC)

Rewrote the introduction
I rewrote the introduction. The previous one assumed a reading and mathematical level higher than could reasonably be expected of most people visiting this page. As this is a topic commonly taught to high school students, at the very least the introduction should be geared towards them. However I am not an expert on this subject, and only based it off of my understanding of the section on this subject in Kreyszig's text Advanced Engineering Mathematics which is a general textbook not one written by an expert on this particular subject. It should be checked for any factual errors, or information that would better give a basic understanding of what a combination is. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Glmory (talk • contribs) 16:38, 25 September 2010

Underlined exponents
I have commented it out. Go ahead and restore my last edit if it is mathematically meaningful.
 * $$\frac{52^{\underline{5}}}{5!}$$

-- AAS 16:42, 27 March 2011 (UTC) — Preceding unsigned comment added by Ann arbor street (talk • contribs)

 * Okay, from what was explained to me, this is falling factorial power notation. I haven't heard of it before and I am not sure how approriate it is in this article, so I'll copy the text I commented out here for discussion and or somebody just reverting me.

\* CUT FROM ARTICLE

As a concrete example, one can compute the number of five-card hands possible from a standard fifty-two card deck as:

 * $$ {52 \choose 5} = \frac{52^{\underline{5}}}{5!} = \frac{52\times51\times50\times49\times48}{5\times4\times3\times2\times1} = \frac{311,875,200}{120} =

2,598,960.$$

END CUT FROM ARTICLE */

That's it. Ann arbor street (talk) 22:29, 27 March 2011 (UTC)

 * I've tried to restore the section into a coherent state that retains the new example with an explanation, and to put in an indication with wikilink where the falling factorial power notation is first used. Marc van Leeuwen (talk) 07:54, 28 March 2011 (UTC)

 * Just one more point: see the talk page section above for why it is useful to not be too succinct in explaining how to compute these values; people don't necessarily understand the implications of given formulas. I'll add that while cancelling every factor from the denominator is certainly most efficient for hand computation, it is not necessarily best for machine computation, as finding the proper factor in the numerator to cancel against is somewhat tedious; whence the interest of pointing out a straightforward all-integer computation. I'll add though that in practice it would possibly be hard to find many applications where it would not be faster still to tabulate a sufficiently large portion of Pascal's triangle computed from the (additive) recurrence, since binomial coefficients are rarely used in isolation. Marc van Leeuwen (talk) 08:12, 28 March 2011 (UTC)

Rfc: Use of falling factorials on combinations page, or falling factorials are so "fetch"
As in "that is so fetch" from the film mean girls.

I picked up the book Concrete Mathematics: A Foundation for Computer Science, by Graham, Knuth, and Patasinnir. This is the book I was referred to for information on rising and falling factorial notation.

The book is a graduate level math book used by would-be computer scientists. While I enjoy the book, and while it and at least one of its authors have a cult following, its authors freely admit they use unconventional notation. Quote from page "X", SOME OF THE SYMBOLISM in this book has not (yet?) become standard. Here is a list of notations that might be unfamiliar to readers who have learned similar material from other books, together with the page numbers where these notations are explained... ... $$ x^{\underline{n}} = \frac{x!}{(x-n)!}$$ falling factorial power: [p]47, [p]211

In the above quote from page X, they forward reference pages 47 and 211 for rising and falling factorial definitions. On pages 47-48, they have the following discussions on their favored falling and rising factorial notation, which is selectively quoted to get to the point and to reduce the amount of math blocks I have to do, but not to distort the information conveyed in the book:

Such new fangled mth powers are defined by the rule...Notice the little straight line under the m; this implies that the m factors are supposed to go down and down, stepwise. There's also a corresponding definition where the factors go up and up: ... Several other notations for factorial powers appear in the mathematical literature, notably "Pochhammer's symbol"...But the underline/overline convention is catching on, because it's easy to write, and easy to remember, and free of redundant parentheses.

Having never seen the notation before, and believing that it is not standard, and given that the notation has to be explained and defended in an computer science centered graduate level math book, this notation is not sufficiently conventional to be included in this article on combinations, in my view. In the article, we should instead stick with $${52 \choose 5} = \frac{52!}{5!47!} $$ instead of the unconventional $${52 \choose 5} = \frac{52^{\underline{5}}}{5!}$$. I am not trying to start an edit war, but I really don't think unconventional notation should be used in this article until it is commonly used (and hence conventional) in books that introduce the topic at hand, viz., combinations. Currently, I've only seen it in a graduate level computer science/math text books book by witty and clever authors). Ann arbor street (talk) 15:59 & 16:01, 8 May 2011 (UTC)

 * Absolutely agree. This indeed is a non-standard notation and its use in the article just adds to making things more confusing rather than improving the quality/readability of the article. - Subh83 (talk | contribs) 19:50, 8 May 2011 (UTC)

 * Agree. Exclamation point is universally understood, underlined exponent no so much. Apparently this is a different way of writing the Pochhammer symbol, if so then use that as the notation.--RDBury (talk) 06:45, 9 May 2011 (UTC)

 * Disagree, because the question is badly posed. The opposition is not between falling factorial powers and factorials, because they are not notations for the same thing. There are two different issues at stake. One issue is between a formula for $$\tbinom nk$$ as a quotient with k factors each in numerator and in numerator, and one with n factors each (grouped into factorials) and which only exists if $k ≤ n$. Another issue is between different notations that can be used for the first kind of formula, like
 * $$\frac{n(n-1)\ldots(n-k+1)}{k(k-1)\dots1}$$, or $$\frac{n^{\underline k}}{k!}$$ (using falling factorial power and factorial) or $$\frac{(n)_k}{k!}$$ (using the Pochhammer symbol).

 * As for the first issue; I feel strongly that, while the article should give both formulas, it should not unduly stress the second one, because (1) it requires additional mention of the case $$k>n$$ which is often forgotten, (2) it merely has redundant factors repeated in numerator and denominator with respect to the first form, (3) the most natural derivation of the formula (via double counting of k-permutations) obtains the first form directly, the second form indirectly, (4) unless point (2) is understood, the expression with factorials suggests an unwieldy computation, (5) that expression appears to nevertheless have a kind of magic attraction on people (and hence is often proposed as "definition" of binomial coefficients), which makes the risk that it will be overlooked rather small. I note that the article is currently very balanced with respect to this issue; the lead gives the first formula in a no-frills form, then immediately the second one with a warning about $$k>n$$; the following sections discuss both forms in a natural development, that would be less so if the factorials were pushed to the front.

 * As for the purely notational question, the article gives the expanded product first, giving the equivalent by more compact form with a falling factorial power only fairly late, and accompanied by a repetition of the expanded expression and an explicit indication of the notation. If one really feels that it is inadmissible to mention the compact notation even once, it can simply be removed (it has exactly two instances in the article, together with the explanation at its first use) and the article will still be coherent. I would strongly oppose however to replacing it by the Pochhammer symbol, which although older is not that common in mathematics that people reading this article would likely come across, and has a lot of confusing aspects to it (see the Pochhammer symbol article, and Knuth's "Two notes on notation" cited there for more on this).

 * You are of course entitled to never have seen the falling factorial power notation before, that happens. I will admit that 'As in "that is so fetch" from the film mean girls' explains nothing to me. One can actually find quite some notation in WP math articles that is not extremely common, and sometimes more recent than 1988. But the frankness in Concrete mathematics about the novelty of the notation and its informal tone are no argument against the notation itself. Marc van Leeuwen (talk) 08:02, 9 May 2011 (UTC)
 * I agree with most of what you're saying except on the use of the Pochhammer symbol. It may not be as familiar as the factorial, but it is widespread enough to be notable in the WP sense. It's even listed in A&S which is about as standard a reference as you can get. If a version using falling factorials is to be used, and you give a pretty good argument that they should, then I'd prefer using Pochhammer since it the more common, adding a short definition in the article for those who aren't familiar with it, and adding a link for those who more more details on it.--RDBury (talk) 18:01, 9 May 2011 (UTC)
 * Just a precision: I did not say or want to suggest that the Pochhammer symbol is insufficiently notable to have it's own article; that would not be a subject for this talk page anyway. I just said it is not a notation that those reading the article on combinations will be likely to come across (it is used a lot in hypergeometric series, although with a different meaning).

 * Agree. we should mostly just use factorial notation here.  We can explain Pochhammer symbol, and mention this way of writing it with an underline.  But best to stick with factorial where possible.
 * Agree. The falling factorial notation contributes nothing to the content of the article, and has potential to cause confusion (as does the phrase "that is so fetch" in this context!).  Just stick with factorials and written-out products. Jowa fan (talk) 04:36, 10 May 2011 (UTC)
 * Agree: Without prejudice toward the notation, it doesn't add anything to this article. If it was more important or central it would be acceptable -- you'd have to define it, of course, but it is used often enough that WP"V and such could be satisfied.  But without good reason to use it we would succeed only in making the article less well-understood. CRGreathouse (t | c) 23:48, 10 May 2011 (UTC)

Well, since there does not seem to be much support for the falling factorial power notation, I'll just take it out and the discussion can be closed. Marc van Leeuwen (talk) 07:23, 13 May 2011 (UTC)

An eminent way to count the combination of objects.
I have done an extensive research on Permutation and combination. I have also found a convenient method of numbering permutation. This convenient method of counting combination is presented in some of the word document which is attached to my sight.

https://sites.google.com/site/junctionslpresentation/home

The eminent method of counting combination is represented as C-Junction or C-Junction Number(CJN) and also mentioned as Combination order number(CON).

But the CJN and CON are different terms which is mentioned in this site in my word document. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 14.97.31.204 (talk) 14:04, 23 May 2012 (UTC) + further unsigned edit at  14:30, 23 May 2012

 * The word documents are pasted at the bottom of this page. https://sites.google.com/site/junctionslpresentation/proof-for-advance-permutation — Preceding unsigned comment added by 14.97.31.204 (talk) 14:27, 23 May 2012 (UTC)

Found an error?
Hello, maybe this is the wrong place to post this comment, but I didn't know where else to post it. Take a look to the first equation in the paragraph "Number of combinations with repetition", just after the line "If S has n elements, the number of such k-multicombinations is also given by a binomial coefficient, namely by ". I'm not sure, but i I think that equation may be wrong. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 82.60.1.230 (talk) 14:31 & :32, 11 October 2012

 * This is a well known and correct formula, but it is not intuitive. Perhaps adding a short proof would clarify the result. Bill Cherowitzo (talk) 16:33, 11 October 2012 (UTC)

 * Are you sure that both members of that equation are equal? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 82.60.1.230 (talk) 19:04, 11 October 2012 (UTC)

 * Yes, with the exception of the case n = k = 0, mentioned in the article. C(m,r) = C(m,m-r) reflects the fact that counting r-subsets is the same as counting their complements, which are m-r subsets in a set of size m. Bill Cherowitzo (talk) 20:12, 11 October 2012 (UTC)
 * I was confused by the punctuation of 82...'s 1st contrib, which began this section -- in fact, i was afraid for a while that i'd butchered it in the process of annotating the multiple edits!  Others might be helped by this, my refactoring of the long 2nd sent:
 * --Jerzy•t 08:18, 25 &08:13, 26 July 2014 (UTC)
 * --Jerzy•t 08:18, 25 &08:13, 26 July 2014 (UTC)

In the section "Number of k-combinations", the equation $$\textstyle(1+X)^n=\sum_{k\geq0}\binom nk X^k,$$ seems to be wrong. Firstly X is not previously defined. For X=0, n=1 it fails as all right hand side terms will be zero because X^k is 0 for X=0. For X=1, n=2 the left hand side is (1+1)^2=4 while the right hand side expands to $$\textstyle \binom {1}{0} 1^0 + \binom {1}{1} 1^1$$ = 1+1 = 2. Monosodiumg (talk) 08:34, 6 September 2015 (UTC)

 * In these formulas $X$ is an Indeterminate form whose domain is typically not specified (this increases the usefulness of the formulas). What you see as a problem when $X = 0$ is due to an unstated assumption. While the expression 00 is often left undefined, in counting problems it is typically defined to be 1 when it arises (this is so that a number of formulas do not have to include special cases for dealing with 0). Finally, in your last point look more closely at what you have written. With $n = 2$ you have not written the right hand side correctly. Bill Cherowitzo (talk) 17:27, 6 September 2015 (UTC)

MathJax not rendering cancellations in Firefox
I consulted Help:Displaying_a_formula as well as Google searched, but I couldn't figure out how to either ensure the package is being included, and therefore determine if the issue is on my end, or to include the package manually. Are any other MathJax users having issues? Curtis (talk) 21:15, 13 March 2014 (UTC)

n-Choose-r
The math notation that (in the frequent case where nothing about the context makes unsuitable either n or r as names for the two arguments, variables, or parameters) is read aloud as either Its symbol can be wiki-coded as either nCr or nCr. (Our article prefers n and k, to the point of not even mentioning r, by the way.)   IMO, exhibiting only with what looks to me like the (still IMO fairly exoteric) TeX representations (tho they work too well to favor the wiki-markup versions) is likely to be intimidating to non-professionals; we should discuss the combinations notations over a range (typewriter thru Tex or even more professional) of typographic standpoints somewhere, and link there from the acc'g article (if that place is not the accompanying article). --Jerzy•t 08:05, 26 July 2014 (UTC)
 * "n C r",
 * "combinations of n things taken r at a time", or
 * "n chose r".

Militant ignorance against vairations
It is common place to accuse people in rollback without talk, when you (initiate) rollbacks without talk. That is one reason why it is difficult to talk to people who expose such behaviour. Another is that they refute meaningful and easily verifiable information on the grounds that they are final instance of expertise and if something is not familiar to them, it is not standard, as "one gentleman classified my edit". Why do they think that if that something they have never heard of is non-standard? At first, the notion of variations makes sense to complement permutations and combinations. Secondly, there are thousands of references in the google so that it is difficult to choose one as a reference. They are well known in Russian schools and authors of Размещения had a difficult time to find English counterpart before I had created the article on variations. Wait, at first, nobody has right to label something non-standard and unsourced while there is a corresponding article in the Wikipedia. It is a vandalism to remove links to the valid Wikipedia articles under pretext that the link is unsourced. How can a reference to the source be unsourced? You cannot call an article in Wikipedia not a source. There is no excuse for User:Wcherowi behaviour. --Javalenok (talk) 09:04, 19 August 2014 (UTC)
 * It is nonstandard in English mathematical literature. Perhaps there is another term, but k-permutations seems adequate.  — Arthur Rubin  (talk) 17:05, 24 August 2014 (UTC)

Use of generalized binomial coefficients in this article
I have now twice reverted 's insertion of generalized binomial coefficients into the section on multset coefficients. My edit summary indicated that this notation had not been defined in this article (or linked to for that matter) and with the conventions in use in this article this would be confusing. Given the elementary nature of the article, I think this notation is out of place. At the very least, its use in these formulae would require citations to reliable secondary sources. It may be true that their use gives a more elegant formulation, but elegance is only a desirable trait for a sophisticated mathematical audience and is not particularly useful in an encyclopedia.--Bill Cherowitzo (talk) 20:00, 20 April 2017 (UTC)

 * This "generalized" notion is explained in binomial coefficient article linked from here. It's not a problem to add the definition here as well (is that your request?). Notice that you not only deleted generalized binomial coefficients but also the generating functions for $$\left(\!\!\binom{n}{k}\!\!\right)$$ -- what's wrong with them? Maxal (talk) 20:05, 20 April 2017 (UTC)

No, my request is not to use them in this article. Perhaps I removed the generating functions because they also used the generalized binomial coefficient. They could easily be replaced with the usual binomial notation and I would be happy to do that.--Bill Cherowitzo (talk) 20:17, 20 April 2017 (UTC)

 * I do not see a problem in using generalized binomial coefficients, when they are given in parallel with traditional ones. They are very natural in this context and allow derive the g.f. easily. I disagree that their use is not useful in encyclopedia (by similar arguments you may easily suggest to remove half of the binomial coefficient article). Encyclopedia should be comprehensive at first place (and elegant when possible). Maxal (talk) 20:21, 20 April 2017 (UTC)

Number of combinations with repetition
Is it accurate to use the word "sequence" in the first sentence considering order is supposedly not taken into account?

The second sentence discusses the number of such samples, so it is not really "In other words" from the first sentence; it is a (slightly) different issue. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Aliotra (talk • contribs) 17:30, 3 February 2021 (UTC)

 * You are correct on both counts. Feel free to improve it :).  --JBL (talk) 17:51, 3 February 2021 (UTC)

Proposed image illustrates that items are unlabled.
Feel free to use this image. I am working on a Wikiversity article that explains this in detail. --Guy vandegrift (talk) 18:53, 5 September 2021 (UTC)--Guy vandegrift (talk) 18:53, 5 September 2021 (UTC)

negative k?
Is there the definition for negative $$k$$? Ans (talk) 21:07, 28 January 2024 (UTC)
 * There is a very thinly referenced section here about allowing the lower index in a binomial coefficient to take on more general values than nonnegative integers, but really this does not ever seem to come up in other contexts. --JBL (talk) 22:16, 28 January 2024 (UTC)
 * But the gamma and beta function in that section is undefined when y is negative Ans (talk) 11:37, 29 January 2024 (UTC)

"NCr" listed at Redirects for discussion
The redirect [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=NCr&redirect=no NCr] has been listed at redirects for discussion to determine whether its use and function meets the redirect guidelines. Readers of this page are welcome to comment on this redirect at  until a consensus is reached. Shhhnotsoloud (talk) 18:52, 6 February 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Combination


text:
Watson Pond State Park

Watson Pond State Park is a public recreation area occupying 10 acre on the east side of Watson Pond in the northern portion of the city of Taunton, Massachusetts. The state park comprises a 300 ft swimming beach, picnic area, bathhouse and pavilion. Fishing and non-motorized boating are offered.

In the news
In 2006, Watson Pond was reopened for swimming after being closed for 18 years as result of a high bacterial count. In 2010, the park was one of a thousand places given favorable mention by the Great Places in Massachusetts Commission.

title: Watson Pond State Park


text:
Greg Lauren

Greg Lauren (né Greg Lauren Dana Smith; born January 6, 1970) is an American actor, painter and fashion designer. He is the nephew of fashion designer Ralph Lauren.

Early life
Lauren was born in New York City, into a family of Belarusian-Jewish descent, and is the nephew of renowned fashion designer Ralph Lauren.

Lauren graduated with a bachelor's degree in art history at Princeton University in 1991.

Career
Lauren portrayed Brett Nelson on The Young and the Restless and has appeared in such films as Friends & Family, The Wedding Planner, and Boogie Nights. A painter, Lauren has painted nudes commanding up to $15,000 that were bought by such celebrities as Renée Zellweger, Demi Moore, Ben Stiller, and Cuba Gooding, Jr.

He has been cover artist for the DC Comics Vertigo title, Hellblazer issues 215-218 were solicited by the publisher. His artwork is sold at Bespoke Collection.

In 2011, he launched his fashion brand named after himself with a ready-to-wear collection for men and women.

Personal life
On November 1, 2003, he wed Saved by the Bell actress Elizabeth Berkley in Cabo San Lucas, Mexico. They married in a Jewish ceremony. They have a son together, born in July 2012.

Filmography

 * Melrose Place (1994, TV Series) .... Cute Guy
 * A Friend of Dorothy (1994, Short) .... Matt
 * Silk Stalkings (1994-1995, TV Series) .... Jeffrey Ventnor / Phil Woodruff
 * Indictment: The McMartin Trial (1995, TV Movie) .... Reporter #7
 * Batman Forever (1995) .... Aide
 * Sawbones (1995, TV Movie) .... Richard Klein
 * Loungers (1995) .... Conrad
 * Twelve (1996, Short) .... Uncle Mick
 * The Little Death .... Neighbor
 * A Time to Kill (1996) .... Taylor
 * Batman & Robin (1997) .... Motorcycle Gang Member #2
 * Boogie Nights (1997) .... Young Stud
 * Working (1997, TV Series) .... Greg
 * The Practice (1997, TV Series) .... Myra's Husband
 * Between Brothers (1997, TV Series) .... Billings
 * Diagnosis: Murder (1998, TV Series) .... Freddie
 * The Young and the Restless (1998-1999, TV Series) .... Brett Nelson / Brett
 * The Learning Curve (1999) .... Todd
 * The Disciples (1999, TV Movie) .... Mick Partridge
 * What Angels Fear (1999) .... Kevin Bochelli
 * The Prophet's Game (2000) .... Detective James
 * The Wedding Planner (2001) .... Keith
 * The Elevator (2001, TV Movie) .... Charles
 * V.I.P. (2001, TV Series) .... Kyle Stamper
 * Friends & Family (2001) .... Stephen Torcelli
 * Pasadena (2001, TV Series) .... Steve
 * Time of Fear (2002) .... Det. Steve Benton
 * Hitters (2002)
 * Women in Trouble (2009) .... Fireman

title: Greg Lauren


text:
Genesis II (film)

Genesis II is a 1973 American made-for-television science fiction film created and produced by Gene Roddenberry and directed by John Llewellyn Moxey. The film, which opens with the line, "My name is Dylan Hunt. My story begins the day on which I died", is the story of a 20th-century man thrown forward in time, to a post-apocalyptic future, by an accident in suspended animation. The film stars Alex Cord, Mariette Hartley, Ted Cassidy, Percy Rodrigues, Harvey Jason, Titos Vandis, Bill Striglos, Lynne Marta, Harry Raybould, and Majel Barrett.

Plot
In 1979, NASA scientist Dylan Hunt is working on "Project Ganymede", a suspended animation system for astronauts on long-duration spaceflights. As chief of the project he volunteers for the first multi-day test. He places himself in chemically induced hibernation deep inside Carlsbad Caverns; while there, his laboratory is buried in an earthquake. The monitoring equipment is damaged and fails to wake him at the intended end of the test. He awakens instead in 2133, emerging into a chaotic post-apocalyptic world. An event called "the Great Conflict" — a third and final World War — destroyed the civilization of Hunt's time. Various new civilizations have emerged in a struggle for control of available resources. Those with the greatest military might and the will to use it have the greatest advantage.

Hunt is accidentally found and rescued by an organization calling themselves "PAX" (the Latin word for "peace"). PAX members are the descendants of the NASA personnel who worked and lived at the Carlsbad installation in Dylan's time. They are explorers and scientists who preserve what little information and technology survived from before the conflict, and who seek to learn and acquire more in an effort to build a new civilization. Members of PAX find Hunt still sealed in the hibernation chamber. They revive him and are thrilled to meet a survivor from before the conflict.

An elaborate "subshuttle" subterranean rapid transit system was constructed during the 1970s, due to the vulnerability of air transportation to attack. The subshuttles utilize a magnetic levitation rail system, and operate inside vactrain tunnels and travel at hundreds of miles per hour. The tunnel network is comprehensive enough to cover the entire globe. The PAX organization inherited the still-working system and uses it to dispatch their teams of troubleshooters.

A totalitarian regime known as the Tyranians rule the area once known as Arizona and New Mexico. The Tyranians are mutants who possess greater physical prowess than non-mutated humans; they can be identified by their dual navels. Their leader discovers that Hunt has knowledge of nuclear power systems, and they offer him great rewards if he can repair their failing nuclear power generator. However, once he is in their power, they attempt to force him to reactivate a nuclear missile system in their possession, with which they intend to destroy their enemies and dominate the region. Hunt is appalled by this small-scale replay of the events which must have led to the Great Conflict. He leads a revolt of the enslaved citizenry, sabotages the nuclear device, and destroys the reactor in a nuclear explosion. Destroyed as well is the entire Tyranian base complex.

To Hunt's dismay, the PAX leaders assert their pacifist nature and intentions. They are attempting to rebuild an idealistic society using all which was deemed "good" from Earth's past, and they regard Hunt's interference with a rival civilization and his destructive tactics as antithetical to this end. They also see great good in him and value his knowledge of the past. They ask Hunt to join PAX permanently, but only if he can agree to never take human lives again. Hunt half-heartedly agrees. Security chief Yuloff states that the rationale of taking lives to justify the saving of lives was what allowed the Great Conflict to happen in the first place.

Screenplay
While Roddenberry and Barrett were on vacation in the Bahamas in the summer of 1972, Roddenberry decided he missed working and wrote the screenplay in six weeks.

Genesis II was the first of three concepts that Roddenberry hoped to develop into a new science fiction television series following the success of Star Trek (the other two were The Questor Tapes and Spectre). Genesis II aired on CBS on March 23, 1973; although Roddenberry had stories lined up for a 20-episode first season, CBS declined to pick it up, opting instead for the short-lived Planet of the Apes live-action series.

The plot point about the Tyranians having a dual circulatory system with two hearts and thus identifiable because they were born with two navels was an elaborate in-joke. While producing Star Trek, Roddenberry was constantly besieged by demands for changes from the censors at NBC's Broadcast Standards department, which he took to calling the "BS Department" due to the often petty nature of their revisions. Among the things to which the censors routinely objected was the depiction of a navel on anyone with a bare midriff, resulting in several reshoots of scenes with actors in revealing but otherwise "decent" attire whose navels showed. By making the double navel the distinguishing physical feature of the Tyranians, Roddenberry was effectively filming every navel that he had been forced to censor from Star Trek twice over.

Episode concepts
The following are story concepts that were in development during the production of Genesis II that would have become individual episodes had the network approved the series.
 * "Company B" — A "Trojan Horse" suicide squad from the days of the great conflict comes out of suspended animation and attacks PAX. They represent the 1995 A.D. ideal of a perfect soldier.
 * "London Express" — A hair raising journey through submerged portions of the North Atlantic subshuttle tube to mysterious London of 2133 A.D. Dylan Hunt and Team-21 meet Lyra-A there and the mad monarch King Charles X.
 * "Robots Return" — The advanced computers and sophisticated machinery found on a moon of Neptune by a 1992 NASA expedition have evolved into a new form of robot life and visit Earth in search of the "God" named NASA. They meet Hunt, formerly of NASA, and consider him a messiah. This story idea was later developed into the script for Star Trek: The Motion Picture, and shares that work's thematic similarities to the Star Trek episode "The Changeling", written by John Meredyth Lucas.
 * "Poodle Shop" — Dylan Hunt is captured and put on sale by the females in a strange society where men are treated as domestic pets and often traded back and forth for breeding purposes. This story idea was previously seen in the Roddenberry’s 1964 pitch document, “Star Trek Is...”, under the title “The Pet Shop” and would later turn into Genesis II’s second pilot, Planet Earth. A similar storyline was later used in an episode (Episode 10 of Season 1 (1979–80)) of the science fiction television series Buck Rogers in the 25th Century.
 * "The Apartment" — Trapped inside 20th century ruins by a mysterious force field, Hunt is catapulted through a time continuum back to 1975 where he can be seen as a "transparent ghost" by the girl living in the apartment there. A bizarre love affair with a surprise twist ending ensues. The basic plot appears later as an unused Star Trek: Phase II episode "Tomorrow and the Stars".
 * "The Electric Company" — Dylan Hunt and his PAX team encounter a place where a strong priesthood holds a society in bondage through the clever use of electricity. The simple inhabitants see the flashes of light and the amplified voices as the sight and sound of "God", but Dylan's team ends the dominance of the priesthood when they come up with still better tricks. This episode superficially resembles the Star Trek episode "The Return of the Archons".

Source: - Lincoln Enterprises Catalog No. 6

Planet Earth
Roddenberry reworked the material into a second pilot, Planet Earth, in which John Saxon replaced Cord in the role of Dylan Hunt. Based on network recommendations, this second pilot focused more on action and physical conflict than its predecessor. Though it aired on ABC in 1974, it was also declined. Warner Bros, which owned the rights, reworked Roddenberry's material yet again for a third pilot, Strange New World, also starring Saxon, which aired on ABC in 1975. This third pilot was also declined.

Andromeda
Robert Hewitt Wolfe used the name "Dylan Hunt" and many ideas from Roddenberry's Genesis II notes to create the Andromeda television series.

Release
Genesis II aired on television on March 23, 1973. The film was released on DVD on November 11, 2009, by WBTV.

title: Genesis II (film)


text:
City of Canterbury (New South Wales)

The City of Canterbury was a local government area in the Inner South-West region of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. The council area was within the northern part of the Parish of St George above Wolli Creek and The M5 but below The Cooks River. The city was primarily residential and light industrial in character, and was home to over 130 nationalities. With a majority of its residents being born overseas, the council marketed itself as the "City of Cultural Diversity." First incorporated as the Municipality of Canterbury in 1879, the council became known as the City of Canterbury in 1993.

The last Mayor of the City of Canterbury Council was Cr. Brian Robson, a member of the Labor Party, until 12 May 2016 when the City was amalgamated with the City of Bankstown, forming the City of Canterbury-Bankstown.

Suburbs in the local government area
Suburbs in the former City of Canterbury were:

 * Ashbury
 * Belfield
 * Belmore
 * Beverly Hills
 * Campsie
 * Canterbury
 * Clemton Park
 * Croydon Park
 * Earlwood

 * Hurlstone Park
 * Kingsgrove
 * Lakemba
 * Narwee
 * Punchbowl
 * Riverwood
 * Roselands
 * Wiley Park

 * Notes:

History
Indigenous Australians lived in this area for thousands of years. In 1770, the land along the Cooks River was explored by officers from HM Bark Endeavour. In 1793, the area's first land grant was made to the chaplain of the First Fleet, the Reverend Richard Johnson, and given the name Canterbury Vale.

Residential development began picking up in the area during the 1880s and the was extended to Canterbury in 1895, encouraging further suburban development which led to the area becoming heavily populated. A leading developer at this time was Frederick Gibbes, a Member of Parliament for the seat of Newtown.

After much petitioning of the State Government by local residents, the Municipality of Canterbury was proclaimed on 17 March 1879. The council first met in the home of the first mayor, Alderman John Sproule and premised were then leased in the St Paul's Church schoolroom at 47-49 Canterbury Road, Canterbury. The Canterbury Town Hall, located on Canterbury Road between Canton and Howard Streets, was opened in 1889 by the Premier of New South Wales, Sir Henry Parkes. However, over time, Campsie became a more important centre, particularly along Beamish Street and Canterbury Council planned a gradual move of civic services there when funds became available. In 1954 a Baby Health Centre by Davey & Brindley opened on Beamish Street, followed by a library next door by Davey, Brindley & Vickery in 1958 at a cost of £30,000, and the municipal administration finally moved in 1963. At the time of its opening by the mayor R. J. Schofield on 26 September 1958, the Campsie Library was reputed to be the largest municipal library in Sydney. The Canterbury Municipal Administration Building designed by architects Whitehead & Payne, built by Rex Building Company Pty Ltd, and completed at a cost of £163,000 was opened adjacent to the Library and Baby Health Centre by the mayor, James S. Scott, on 21 September 1963. The City of Canterbury was proclaimed on 16 November 1993 by the Governor of New South Wales, Rear Admiral Peter Sinclair.

Amalgamation
A 2015 review of local government boundaries by the NSW Government Independent Pricing and Regulatory Tribunal recommended that the City of Canterbury merge with the City of Bankstown to form a new council with an area of 110 km2 and support a population of approximately 351,000. Following an independent review, on 12 May 2016 the Minister for Local Government announced that the merger with the City of Bankstown would proceed with immediate effect, creating a new council with an area of 72 km2.

Council dysfunction and ICAC Operation Dasha
On 26 March 2018, the NSW Independent Commission Against Corruption (ICAC) commenced investigations and a public inquiry (known as Operation Dasha) into allegations concerning actions of the former Canterbury City Council between 2013 and 2016, "where public officials including councillors Michael Hawatt and Pierre Azzi, the former general manager, Jim Montague, and the former Director City Planning, Spiro Stavis, dishonestly and/or partially exercised their official functions in relation to planning proposals and/or applications under the Environmental Planning and Assessment Act 1979 concerning properties in the Canterbury City Council local area."

Among the decisions Stavis presided over were the variations of Council's controls approved by Council and justified under Section 4.6 of the Environmental Planning and Assessment Act 1979, particularly along the Canterbury Road Corridor. With the appointment of Administrator Richard Colley as head of the new City of Canterbury-Bankstown on 12 May 2016, Colley ordered a halt to development proposals along the corridor until a comprehensive review was completed, noting "One of the first things that I came across following the amalgamation was what I saw as the ad hoc development on Canterbury Road, most of it non-compliant with the former Canterbury Council's residential development strategy, particularly in terms of height and bulk and size, and the effect on Canterbury Road itself". Former mayor Brian Robson admitted that the last 2012-2016 Council term "started getting messy with certain councillors trying to push the barrow of individual developers ... after that we started getting messy with individual spot rezonings."

The review report presented to Council in July 2017 declared that as a result of previous actions taken by the former Council, the Canterbury Road Corridor "is a noisy, polluted and harsh environment, generally unsuitable in its current state for housing" and presented 14 recommendations including: Appropriate zoning, urban design and built-form controls along the corridor; Measures to address environmental issues, such as noise and pollution; Traffic, transport and car parking issues; Providing good access to parks, community facilities, public transport and shops; and completing a new city-wide Local Environmental Plan (LEP) by 2020, to guide all development. All the recommendations were subsequently adopted by Council, with the Canterbury Bankstown Mayor, Khal Asfour, noting on Council's rejection of one planning proposal in the corridor: "This kind of development won’t be approved on my watch, this proposal involved rezoning land reserved for employment to build an eight-storey residential complex, which would have been an inappropriate development for that location. We remain committed to our City and its residents. We will consult them and protect them from overdevelopment, and make no apology for that."

ICAC also undertook investigations into the circumstances surrounding the appointment of Stavis as Director City Planning, and whether he had been appointed through a dishonest and politically-motivated process influenced by Councillors Hawatt and Azzi. The public inquiry heard evidence that the previous Director had resigned following sustained pressure by Hawatt and Azzi over decisions on certain development applications, and they had pressured Montague in accepting Stavis as the acceptable candidate as Director, when he was not the most qualified for the position compared to other candidates, to the point of "blackmail and threats". This included an aborted attempt by Hawatt and Azzi to dismiss Montague from his position as General Manager in a Council Meeting in January 2015, amidst allegations that "Montague had spent more than $42,000 of council funds on lunches over the past five years and that he had mishandled the recent employment of the council's new director of city planning."

In July 2018, the Liberal Member of Parliament for Wagga Wagga, Daryl Maguire, was drawn into the inquiry regarding possible corruption through his association with former Liberal councillor Hawatt. It was alleged that Maguire had acted on behalf of a "mega big" Chinese client, asking for help in buying into development-approved projects, in return for a commission from the developer for both himself and Hawatt. As a consequence, Maguire resigned from the Liberal Party, and from his roles Parliamentary Secretary for the Centenary of ANZAC, Counter Terrorism, Corrections and Veterans. After initially refusing to resign from Parliament, Maguire resigned from parliament on 3 August 2018.

The ICAC investigations for 'Operation Dasha' are ongoing. In March 2017 Administrator Richard Colley adopted a new Code of Conduct for Canterbury Bankstown noting: "Honesty, fairness and transparency are the values underpinning our new council’s code of conduct policies, ensuring residents can be confident the decisions we make are in their best interest". The Code of Conduct was the first in the state to be approved by ICAC.

Final composition and election method
Canterbury City Council was composed of ten Councillors, including the Mayor, elected for a fixed four-year term of office. The Mayor was directly elected since 1976 while the nine other Councillors were elected proportionally as three separate wards, each electing three Councillors. The final election was held on 8 September 2012, and the makeup of the Council, prior to its abolition, was as follows:

The last Council, elected in 2012 until its abolition in 2016, in order of election by ward, was:

Demographics
At the 2011 Census, there were 137,454 people in the Canterbury local government area, with an equal proportion of male and female residents. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people made up 0.6% of the population. The median age of people in the City of Canterbury was 35 years. Children aged 0 – 14 years made up 20.0% of the population and people aged 65 years and over made up 13.5% of the population. of people in the area aged 15 years and over, 52.9% were married and 10.8% were either divorced or separated.

Population growth in the City of Canterbury between the 2001 Census and the 2006 Census was 0.02%; and in the subsequent five years to the 2011 Census, population growth was 5.76%. When compared with total population growth of Australia for the same periods, being 5.78% and 8.32% respectively, population growth in Canterbury local government area was approximately half the national average. The median weekly income for residents within the City of Canterbury is significantly lower than the national average.

Logo
In 1990, the council's Engineering Department produced the logo in everyday usage until 2016, it consisted of two C's in black and white, intersected by a wave in light blue, which represents the Cooks River and is taken from the council arms issued in 1979.

Sister cities

 * 🇰🇷 Eunpyong-gu, Seoul, South Korea. A special friendship garden in Loft Gardens at Campsie commemorating the relationship begun in 1988, in the design of the Taegukgi, was unveiled in November 2000 by the mayors of Canterbury and Eunpyong-gu.
 * Patras, Greece.

title: City of Canterbury (New South Wales)


text:
Pat Coombs

Patricia Doreen Coombs (27 August 1926 – 25 May 2002) was an English actress. She specialised in the portrayal of the eternal downtrodden female, comically under the thumb of stronger personalities. She was known for many roles on radio, film and television sitcoms and Children's ITV's Playbox and Ragdolly Anna.

Early life
Born in Camberwell, South London, Coombs was one of three children; her father worked in insurance for the Employers' Liability, the forerunner of Commercial Union.

Coombs attended the County School for Girls in Beckenham, Kent. After leaving school, she began her working life as a student kindergarten teacher, but soon a keenness to act prompted her to take drama lessons during the Second World War with her friend and neighbour Vivien Merchant. At the age of 19 she won a scholarship to train as an actress at LAMDA, where she subsequently taught dialect.

Radio
Coombs first made her name in the post-war era of radio variety as 'Nola', the dim and put-upon daughter of Irene Handl in Arthur Askey's Hello Playmates; their double-act had started as a guest spot on Bob Monkhouse's show. Coombs also gained experience as a comedy stooge in radio shows alongside Ted Ray and Charlie Chester. Later, in the 1977–83 series Albert and Me, she played both the principal character's mother and baby Albert.

Television
Coombs had an early television break when she appeared with Tony Hancock in an episode of his series Hancock's Half Hour (1957). She followed this with regular appearances in The Cyril Fletcher Show (1959) and later she became a regular performer in The Dick Emery Show. She also starred in the sitcoms Barney Is My Darling (1965–66) alongside Irene Handl and Wild, Wild Women (1969) alongside Barbara Windsor. She also appeared in the BBC's 13-part adaptation of Dombey and Son as Lucretia Tox.

After a relatively unsuccessful partnership with Peggy Mount in the television series Lollipop Loves Mr Mole (ITV, 1971), the two women found a better platform for their talents when they were reunited in Yorkshire Television's You're Only Young Twice (1977–81), set in a home for the elderly; the actresses became close friends. During her long career Coombs made two contributions to Dad's Army. In 1971 she played Mrs Hall in the first film adaptation, and in 1975 she played the dual part of Marie and the Clippie in the radio adaptation of "A Soldier's Farewell".

Her other television work included Beggar My Neighbour (1966–68), Don't Drink the Water (1974–75), Up Pompeii! (1970), Till Death Us Do Part (1966–75) and its sequel In Sickness and in Health (1990, 1992) and The Lady is a Tramp (1983), in the last of which she co-starred with Patricia Hayes in a series set among 'down-and-outs'. Coombs was also the subject of This Is Your Life in 1978, and appeared regularly as a guest on Noel Edmonds's Saturday night entertainment show Noel's House Party (1992–95) and on the game shows Blankety Blank and Celebrity Squares (1975–79), returning for its revival in 1993–94.

In 1989, she appeared in the BBC soap opera EastEnders. For a year she played Marge Green, Brown Owl of the Walford Brownies' pack, where she worked closely with EastEnders regulars June Brown, Edna Doré and Gretchen Franklin. Coombs's character was introduced as part of a deliberate attempt to bring humour into the programme, which had come under attack for being too depressing. The character subsequently became one of many to be axed in 1990 following the appointment of new executive producer Michael Ferguson. Coombs was said to be extremely upset that the character of Marge only lasted for one year, but the producers felt there was no place in the programme's new plan for a character "whose prime function was to be comic relief".

Following her stint in EastEnders, Coombs went on to guest in the BBC comedy Birds of a Feather, Boon and the BBC medical drama Doctors in 2001, which was her last appearance on screen.

According to The Guinness Book of Records she holds the record for the largest number of takes for a TV commercial. According to Coombs: "I just couldn't remember the name of the product."

Film
Coombs had also appeared in many films, including A Stitch in Time (1963), Carry On Doctor (1967), Carry On Again Doctor (1969), Cucumber Castle (1970) starring the Bee Gees, Ooh... You Are Awful (1972) with Dick Emery, and Spike Milligan's Adolf Hitler: My Part in His Downfall (1972), as well as the movie versions of Till Death Us Do Part (1969), On the Buses (1971) and Dad's Army (1971). She also had a minor uncredited role as Henrietta Salt in Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory in 1971.

Children's TV
Coombs was also a regular on children's television. Hers was one of the voices heard in the children's series Ragdolly Anna (1982–87), she played Policewoman Pat in Mooncat and Co (1984–85) and voiced one of the puppets in the children's show Playbox (1988) alongside Keith Chegwin. She was seen in Rainbow (1981–82), The Basil Brush Show (1977–79) and Supergran, and joined Stanley Baxter to play Miss Flavia Jelly in the first two series of Mr Majeika (1988–89), among many others.

Personal life
Coombs never married or had children. She said that twice she came close to marrying, but was not sure enough to proceed. She once remarked: "I've never been wildly ambitious; I think if I'd been married, my career would have gone out of the window."

Illness and death
Coombs was diagnosed with osteoporosis in 1995, and became an active campaigner for the National Osteoporosis Society. Her Christmas appeal letter raised £100,000 for the charity's research.

She had just completed a role for Radio 4 alongside Roy Hudd and June Whitfield in Like They've Never Been Gone when she died on 25 May 2002, aged 75, from emphysema in Denville Hall actors' home, a west London nursing home to which she had moved to be close to her friend Peggy Mount, who had died six months earlier.

title: Pat Coombs


text:
Talk:César Pelli

Untitled
All information already at César Pelli. --Wetman 06:19, 30 August 2005 (UTC).

I am new at this, but thought that this fits well into the category of Chicago Skyscrapers, in addtion to the fact that it is based on the second place design for the Tribune Tower building. Do you think that this justifies a separate article?
 * Personally I don't think there's enough to be said on individual skyscrapers to give them more than a single-paragraph article plus some stats (there are exceptions like the empir state building). If they're all merged in with the architect, you can have a nice piece decently-sized piece of prose complete with comparisons and influences between his works. --fvw *  06:41, August 30, 2005 (UTC)

OK....even though I rather like the building, etc, I am happy to go with your suggestion. How do I just delete the article? Or, feel free to go ahead and deep 6 it.

Skull and Bones connection?
http://www.rinf.com/columnists/news/skull-and-bones-%E2%80%98322%E2%80%B2-logo-meaning-finally-discovered —Preceding unsigned comment added by 76.246.235.134 (talk) 03:45, 25 March 2009 (UTC)

Argentine-American
I will add American to the first line because he is a dual citizen.-- An d Re w 16:43, 15 August 2010 (UTC)

title: Talk:César Pelli


text:
Yarramundi, New South Wales

Yarramundi is a suburb of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Yarramundi is located 69 kilometres west of the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of the City of Hawkesbury.

History
The suburb is named after Yarramundi, an Indigenous Australian of the Boorooberongal clan of the Darug people. He was a garadyi or 'doctor' and was called by Europeans 'the chief of the Richmond Tribe'.

This area was previously known as Kearns Retreat.

Nepean Sand and Gravel Limited established a sand mine on the island at Yarramundi Falls in 1925. An aerial ropeway connected the island with railway sidings near Phillip, where the former railway to Kurrajong crossed the river. Following a flood which destroyed the ropeway, a railway was laid in 1927 from the existing sidings to the mine on the island. This railway was operated by their own locomotives. In July 1946, the transport was replaced by road trucks.

The Yarramundi Rural Fire Brigade is located on Springwood Road in Yarramundi.

Sport and recreation

 * Camp Yarramundi (YMCA)
 * Yellowmundee Track – Yarramundi, NSW – Western Sydney Mountain Bike Club.
 * Action Paintball Games

Population
The population was 597 in the 2001 Census, growing to 798 in the 2006 Census and 866 in the 2011 census.

title: Yarramundi, New South Wales


text:
Talk:City of Canterbury (New South Wales)

Separate page for the Local Government Area
As per discussion at Talk:List of Sydney suburbs, I have created a separate page for the City of Canterbury, New South Wales, the Local Government Area. -- Ianblair23 06:19, 30 August 2005 (UTC)

Cleaning suburbs in LGAs to remove redlinks
Hi, Can people who know or care about this LGA please have a look at this message and see if they can please help solve any redlinks in the "suburbs in this LGA" section of this page? -- All the best, Nickj (t) 08:16, 28 September 2005 (UTC)

Infobox Update
This page has had its infobox updated to Infobox Australian Place. This update has been automatically preformed by TheJoshBot. Please be aware that poorly filled templates can have infomation lost in the transition that is unknown to the bot. Check the page history for more infomation. The following infomation has been lost in the transition, and will need to be converted to the document prose:

Fair use rationale for Image:City of Canterbury NSW coat of arms.jpg
Image:City of Canterbury NSW coat of arms.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot 02:42, 26 October 2007 (UTC)

External links modified
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text:
Talk:Canterbury, New South Wales

Separate page for the Local Government Area
As per discussion at Talk:List of Sydney suburbs, I have created a separate page for the City of Canterbury, New South Wales, the Local Government Area. -- Ianblair23 06:21, 30 August 2005 (UTC)

Canterbury - a LARGE area of New Zealand
Canterbury is the name of a Rugby League team in the NRL. I've never heard of Canterbury NSW in any other context. Prior to this I thought it was a NRL team from Canterbury New Zealand - one of the largest provinces in New Zealand. Come to think of it, in all of my visits to Sydney I've never heard of Canterbury mentioned once. The article should address this issue.121.73.7.84 (talk) 09:43, 30 August 2010 (UTC)
 * The article name is "Canterbury, New South Wales", and the opening sentence is "Canterbury is a suburb in south-western Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia". Is that not enough to dispel confusion? HWV258 . 09:50, 30 August 2010 (UTC)

yes, good point. Brain fart on my part. I must have written that comment on one of my sleep deprived sleepless nights. 121.73.7.84 (talk) 10:58, 2 October 2010 (UTC)

title: Talk:Canterbury, New South Wales


text:
Anchorman: Music from the Motion Picture

Anchorman: Music from the Motion Picture is the soundtrack album to the 2004 film Anchorman: The Legend of Ron Burgundy. The album is a compilation of the songs used in the film. Will Ferrell, in character as Ron Burgundy, gives a brief introduction to each song, and can be heard crying throughout "Shannon".

Other songs in the film
Songs in the film but not in this soundtrack include:
 * "Deep Burgundy" - Marc Ellis
 * "El Paso" - Marty Robbins
 * "If" - Bread
 * "Baby Making Flute Solo" - Marc Ellis and Katisse Buckingham; includes a portion of the melody of "Aqualung" by Jethro Tull
 * "Bread and Butter" - The Newbeats
 * Mexican hat dance


text: Template:I-87 aux

title: Template:I-87 aux