text:
User talk:Miraculouschaos

Welcome!

Welcome to Wikipedia, Miraculouschaos! My name is Ryan, aka Acetic Acid. I noticed that you were new and haven't received any messages yet. I just wanted to see how you were doing. Wikipedia can be a little intimidating at first, since it uses different formatting than other sites that use HTML and CSS. In the long run, though, you'll find that the WikiSyntax is a lot easier and faster than those other ways. Here are a few links to get you started:

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There are a lot of policies and guides to read, but I highly recommend reading over those first. If you have any questions, feel free to leave me a message on my talk page. Please be sure to sign your name on Talk Pages using four tildes (~~~~) to produce your name and the current date, along with a link to your user page. This way, others know when you left a message and how to find you. It's easier than having to type out your name, right? :)

I hope you enjoy contributing to Wikipedia. We can use all the help we can get! Have a nice day. Sincerely,  Acetic Acid  ( talk  ) 15:44, August 30, 2005 (UTC)

Edits to Hurricane Katrina
...are excellent!

Have this Exceptional Newcomer's Award as an offer of our appreciation for your work here.

Take care, V. Molotov 20:29, 30 August 2005 (UTC)

Call of Cthulhu film notability dispute
Hello, I've made some edits to The Call of Cthulhu (film) in regard to your concerns about its notability. I'm planning to remove the "notability" tag, but I figured I'd give you a chance to make sure you agree that that is the correct course of action. Miraculouschaos 17:28, 28 June 2006 (UTC)

 * Hello! Thanks for getting back to me on this. I think that the article requires one or two quotes from film festivals and/or reviews to illustrate its notability either in technical achievement (silent films) or cultural and critical response.  If you have reviews that don't gush, i.e. "Best film ever!" but offer some structured reasoning then so much the better.  The cast list doesn't particularly add anything to the article as most of the people appear to be non-notable. I'm trying to see this from a researchers' point-of-view - what did this film achieve in terms of production (scripting, filming, editing, distribution) and in the minds of its audience (critical reviews, awards).  Well done on your improvements and I would still like to see the film one day!   (aeropagitica)    (talk)   17:49, 28 June 2006 (UTC)

No offense, but you seem to be moving the goal posts here. Miraculouschaos 20:34, 28 June 2006 (UTC)

 * None taken! If you're happy that all of the available and relevent information is in the article then it can't be improved upon at the moment. I imagine that any of the imformation that I have asked about above can be added as-and-when it is created in the future.  I guess that you can remove the tag now.  Regards,   (aeropagitica)    (talk)   21:11, 28 June 2006 (UTC)

History of New Jersey article
Sorry about removing your edits on the History of New Jersey article, but 72.93.12.77 took out a good half of the article. I'm sorta new to Wikipedia, so for future reference, what is the formal method of removing vandalism? I just went to the most recent edit before his and performed an edit on it without actually changing anything. Maybe there is a way to keep subsequent valid edits? Galaxydog2000 01:10, 4 July 2006 (UTC)

 * I don't think there is a way to avoid that. No big deal, my edits were relatively minor. Miraculouschaos 01:15, 4 July 2006 (UTC)

Big Mac
Hi - sorry to have reverted - if you used the preview button a little more it would look a little less like vandalism. I have restored and corrected the image problems you were having. Regards--A Y Arktos\talk 02:01, 6 July 2006 (UTC)

 * Point taken. Preview is my friend, preview is my friend... Miraculouschaos 02:05, 6 July 2006 (UTC)

 * It just became a whole lot healthier :-) --A Y Arktos\talk 02:08, 6 July 2006 (UTC)

Foodbox template
Hi, I added a caption to the infobox so the images don't have to use thumb... --Fritz S. (Talk) 08:41, 7 July 2006 (UTC)

I'm not yet to "infobox level" but please let me know if the infobox is ready for translation/wide usage, given that I'd like one of those for every food I eat as part of 2007 new year resolutions. --alex_mayorga 22:19, 3 January 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Descriptionary.jpg
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Di-positronium
Can you please expand the Di-positronium article, based on the 4 external articles in it, and also the Positronium article? It really needs it because of the recent amazing new discovery. Radical Mallard Fri Sep 14 15:20:58 EDT 2007 —Preceding unsigned comment added by Radical Mallard (talk • contribs) 19:21, 14 September 2007 (UTC)

Disputed fair use rationale for Image:CoCDVDfront.gif
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If it is determined that the image does not qualify under fair use, it will be deleted within a couple of days according to our criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the media copyright questions page. Thank you.BetacommandBot (talk) 21:00, 13 February 2008 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of Calamarain
A proposed deletion template has been added to the article Calamarain, suggesting that it be deleted according to the proposed deletion process. All contributions are appreciated, but this article may not satisfy Wikipedia's criteria for inclusion, and the deletion notice should explain why (see also "What Wikipedia is not" and Wikipedia's deletion policy). You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the  notice, but please explain why you disagree with the proposed deletion in your edit summary or on its talk page.

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Nomination for deletion of Template:Foodbox
Template:Foodbox has been nominated for deletion. You are invited to comment on the discussion at the template's entry on the Templates for discussion page. Thank you. —Justin (koavf)❤T☮C☺M☯ 01:57, 20 March 2010 (UTC)

Your recent edits
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Orphaned non-free image File:CoCDVDfront.gif
 Thanks for uploading File:CoCDVDfront.gif. The image description page currently specifies that the image is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, the image is currently not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the image was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that images for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable for use on Wikipedia (see our policy for non-free media).

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Talk:Bradley Manning/October 2013 move request
Greetings. Because you participated in the August 2013 move request regarding this subject, you may be interested in participating in the current discussion. This notice is provided pursuant to Canvassing. Cheers! bd2412 T 21:39, 4 October 2013 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 13:07, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 13:33, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

"Possibly"
Regarding this addition, "possibly" isn't encyclopedic. We add facts, not speculation. -- WV ● ✉ ✓ 18:55, 29 November 2015 (UTC)
 * Understood, I'll try to re-word it. The pre-edit text was just as speculative, though.  Miraculouschaos (talk) 18:58, 29 November 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Miraculouschaos


text:
Jonathan Scott-Taylor

Jonathan Scott-Taylor (born 6 March 1962) is an English actor, perhaps best known for his portrayal of the titular role in the 1978 supernatural horror film Damien - Omen II.

Early life
He was born in São Paulo, Brazil to English parents; his father was a consultant for the fishery industry in Brazil at the time. He was educated at Haberdashers' Aske's Boys' School. Scott-Taylor started going to drama school at age 11.

Acting career
He played the character of Jim Hawkins in a stage musical of Treasure Island in 1973. He went on to take minor roles in Bugsy Malone (1976) and The Four Feathers (1978), and a starring role in a BBC production of The Winslow Boy (1977) after which he was chosen to play teen Damien Thorn in Damien - Omen II (1978).

In 1979, he played the role of Lucius, Brutus' servant, in a BBC production of Shakespeare's The Tragedy of Julius Caesar.

Following Omen II, he had a few more roles in Tales of the Unexpected as sadistic prep school bully Bruce "Galloping" Foxley in the episode "Galloping Foxley", as Tom Tulliver in The Mill on the Floss, the 1980s BBC soap opera Triangle, the 1985 film Shadey, and the TV series Troubles, but has not performed since 1988.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Jonathan Scott-Taylor


text:
Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture (Germany)

The Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture (Bundesministerium für Ernährung und Landwirtschaft, ), abbreviated BMEL, is a cabinet-level ministry of the Federal Republic of Germany. Its primary headquarters are located in Bonn with a secondary office in Berlin. From 1949 to 2001 it was known as the Ministry for Food, Agriculture and Forests (Bundesministerium für Ernährung, Landwirtschaft und Forsten). Through an organizational order by the German Chancellor on 22 January 2001, it became the Federal Ministry for Consumer Protection, Food and Agriculture after the Consumer protection function was transferred from the Federal Ministry for Health (Bundesministerium für Gesundheit). The name Federal Ministry for Food, Agriculture and Consumer Protection was adopted on 22 November 2005 simply to alphabetize its functional parts in the German language. Due to the political restructurings of the 18th German Bundestag in December 2013 the division "Consumer Protection" was transferred to the Federal Ministry of Justice and Consumer Protection.

Organization
The current Minister for Food and Agriculture is Cem Özdemir. The Parliamentary State Secretaries are Silvia Bender, Claudia Müller (politician) and Ophelia Nick. In addition to the Ministry Management (including management staff), it consists of eight departments (as of September 2020):

 * Department 1: Central Division
 * Department 2: Consumer health protection, nutrition, product safety
 * Department 3: Food safety, animal health
 * Department 4: Agricultural markets, food industry, export
 * Department 5: Forests, sustainability, renewable raw materials
 * Department 6: EU affairs, international cooperation, fisheries
 * Department 7: Agricultural production, horticulture, agricultural policy
 * Department 8: Rural development, digital innovation

Agencies
Under the auspices of the BMEL are various Federal agencies, legally independent institutions under public law and government research institutes:

 * Federal Office of Consumer Protection and Food Safety
 * Federal Agency for Agriculture and Food
 * Federal Office of Plant Varieties
 * Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR)
 * Julius Kühn-Institut, Federal Research Center for Cultivated Plants
 * Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health
 * Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Nutrition and Food
 * Johann Heinrich von Thünen-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Rural Areas, Forestry and Fisheries
 * Agency for Renewable Resources


text:
User talk:Antbee.chi

Welcome!

Welcome to Wikipedia, Antbee.chi! My name is Ryan, aka Acetic Acid. I noticed that you were new and haven't received any messages yet. I just wanted to see how you were doing. Wikipedia can be a little intimidating at first, since it uses different formatting than other sites that use HTML and CSS. In the long run, though, you'll find that the WikiSyntax is a lot easier and faster than those other ways. Here are a few links to get you started:

 * How to edit a page
 * Editing, policy, conduct, and structure tutorial
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There are a lot of policies and guides to read, but I highly recommend reading over those first. If you have any questions, feel free to leave me a message on my talk page. Please be sure to sign your name on Talk Pages using four tildes (~~~~) to produce your name and the current date, along with a link to your user page. This way, others know when you left a message and how to find you. It's easier than having to type out your name, right? :)

I hope you enjoy contributing to Wikipedia. We can use all the help we can get! Have a nice day. Sincerely,  Acetic Acid  ( talk  ) 15:45, August 30, 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Antbee.chi


text:
User talk:Robin F.

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! --Merovingian (t) (c) 15:46, August 30, 2005 (UTC)
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title: User talk:Robin F.


text:
Lachnostylis

Lachnostylis is a genus of the family Phyllanthaceae first described as a genus in 1846. It is native to the Eastern Cape and the Western Cape Provinces of South Africa. It is often included in Savia. It is dioecious, with male and female flowers on separate plants.

 * Species
 * 1) Lachnostylis bilocularis R.A.Dyer
 * 2) Lachnostylis hirta (L.f.) Müll.Arg.

title: Lachnostylis


text:
User talk:Yago~enwiki

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! --Merovingian (t) (c) 15:46, August 30, 2005 (UTC)
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Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Yago. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Yago~enwiki that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name. If you think you might own all of the accounts with this name and this message is in error, please visit Special:MergeAccount to check and attach all of your accounts to prevent them from being renamed.

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Renamed
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title: User talk:Yago~enwiki


text:
User talk:Officer Dave

Image Tagging Image:SpeakerLASPDChief.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:SpeakerLASPDChief.jpg. I notice the image page currently doesn't specify who created the image, so the copyright status is therefore unclear. If you have not created the image yourself then you need to argue that we have the right to use the image on Wikipedia (see copyright tagging below). If you have not created the image yourself then you should also specify where you found it, i.e., in most cases link to the website where you got it, and the terms of use for content from that page.

If the image also doesn't have a copyright tag then you must also add one. If you created/took the picture then you can use GFDL to release it under the GFDL. If you can claim fair use use or fairuse. See Image copyright tags for the full list of copyright tags that you can use.

If you have uploaded other images, please check that you have specified their source and copyright tagged them, too. You can find a list of image pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any unsourced and untagged images will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thanks so much. -- SCEhard T 06:50, 11 December 2005 (UTC)
 * Also, Image:BikeLASPDbmw.jpg. - SCEhard T 06:50, 11 December 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Officer Dave


text: User talk:202.7.166.169

title: User talk:202.7.166.169


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Spicy chunk of cheek

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was Delete --Allen3 talk 13:46, September 6, 2005 (UTC)

Spicy chunk of cheek
Neologism. 0 Google hits. Al 15:46, August 30, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, looks like the term was just made up --JeremyStein 15:54, 30 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete this spicy chunk of cheek. --Zetawoof 16:04, 30 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete — RJH 16:22, 30 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. At best, nn. -- BD2412 talk 16:41, 30 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete just what the world needs, more derogatory terms for women Sad.gif Ryan Norton T 22:21, 30 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, oh yeah Brian. Alf melmac 09:29, 4 September 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Talk:CCGS Labrador

Untitled
This page is in the process of being Wikified to match the layout of the Nimitz-class aircraft carrier articles. I am also adding official US Navy and US Coast Guard information. Thanks for your patience while I add this content, and if you have any comments or suggestion please leave them here! Maxarre 18:57, 13 December 2006 (UTC)

First ship to circumnavigate North America ?
I thought the St Roch was the first ship to circumnavigate North America? -- Geo Swan 15:46, 30 August 2005 (UTC)

 * The St. Roch only went from Vancouver to Halifax. It didn't circumnavigate North America, it just went around the southern half. Its article should be changed. --Madison Gray 16:26, 30 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Perhaps it should be changed, if you don't find it clear. She travelled, both ways, across the Northwest Passage, during World War II.  She then transitted the Panama Canal, in 1950.  That means she circumnavigated the continent.

 * I suppose that it could be clarified that Labrador was the first ship to circumnavigate North America in a single voyage. -The Tom 18:16, 30 August 2005 (UTC)

What about the Americas?
Anyone know what was the first ship (if any) to circumnavigate the Americas (north and south)? Should make an interesting footnote to this article. — Eoghanacht  talk 20:05, 2005 August 30 (UTC)

Request for a map
What are the hardships of such circum travel ? Why dit it only occur in '54 ? Can a map explain that ? Thanks. --193.56.241.75 09:20, 29 May 2006 (UTC)

 * The changes in difficulty in circumnavigation are shocking. The St Roch's first transit of the Northwest Passage, during World War 2, was dangerous.  And it took 28 months.  A few years ago the RCMP allowed one of its vessels to repeat the passage, and it encountered no ice at all.  Geo Swan (talk) 01:18, 21 June 2009 (UTC)

RCN Ensign opposed to Canadian Forces Maritime Command Ensign
Hu, do your research, the Labrador flew the RCN Ensign, it was long out of naval service when the CF MARCOM Ensign came in use. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.18.154.182 (talk) 06:35, 2 March 2011 (UTC)

 * Well done mate, thank you. Ready Aye ReadyTjlynnjr (talk) 10:05, 3 March 2011 (UTC)

Labrador's ensigns.
The CCGS Labrador was never operated by the Canadian Forces MARCOM, which was created on 01 February 1968, nor did Labrador ever wear the C.F. MARCOM ensign. By that time (1968), Labrador was on CCG service. Labrador's history was: RCN 1954 to 1957, Department of Transport (DOT) 1958 to 1962, and CCG 1962 to 1987. The RCN was first established in 1910, the DOT (now Transport Canada) was established in 1936 and the CCG was established in 1962. Tjlynnjr (talk) 20:19, 22 May 2012 (UTC).Ready Aye ReadyTjlynnjr (talk) 19:27, 1 May 2014 (UTC).

/* Early history */ tried to smooth
Lab wasn't "largest", she's Wind sized. Was advanced, tho. Engines weren't clear. Each engine has a generator, each shaft has one motor. Sammy D III (talk) 01:42, 3 January 2013 (UTC)

Bios re Commodore O.C.S. Robertson and Captain T.C. Pullen
1. Commodore O.C.S. Robertson, GM, RCN “The Very Image of a Man of the Arctic”: Commodore O.C.S. Robertson By Lieutenant (N) Jason M. Delaney and Michael Whitby Canadian Naval Review VOLUME 4, NUMBER 4 (WINTER 2009) pp 25 to 29. Retrieved: 3 August 2014.

2. Captain T.C. Pullen, RCN: Polar Navigator By: Grahm Rowley. The Northern Mariner/Le Marin du nord, II, No. 2 (April 1992), pp 29-49. Retrieved: 3 August 2014.

3. Captain T.C. Pullen, RCN: An Arctic Bibliography. W.A.B. Douglas (comp.) The Northern Mariner/Le Marin du nord, II, No. 2 (April 1992), pp 51-54. Very good reading. Ready Aye Ready Tjlynnjr (talk) 11:58, 3 August 2014 (UTC).

4. ''HMCS Labrador. An Operational History.'' Naval Historical Section, Royal Canadian Naval Headquarters. Edited and Introduced by P. Whitney Lackenbauer and Adam Lajeunesse with Lieutenant )N) Jason Delaney. Mulroney Institute of Government, St Francis Xavier University. Arctic Operational Histories, no. 1. 2017.  Ready Aye Ready Tjlynnjr (talk) 10:05, 15 December 2021 (UTC)

Sources of images for Labrador
Photos of LABRADOR here:

1. History of the Atlantic Cable & Undersea Communications from the first submarine cable of 1850 to the worldwide fiber optic network. George Smith - CS Alert (4).

2.Modified WINDClass arctic patrol vessel.

3. http://www.ccg-gcc.gc.ca/eng/CCG/USQUE_Icebreaker

4. Arctic Expedition. Breaking the Ice: Icebreakers in the North. HMCS Labrador.

5. Ready Aye Ready. HMCS LABRADOR.

6. flickr. Many Canadian icebreaker photos.

7. Friends of Hydrography. A Canadian Volunteer Group Supported By and in Collaboration With the Canadian Hydrographic Association. HMCS LABRADOR.

8. ROYAL CANADIAN NAVY. HMCS LABRADOR 50. Then CGS LABRADOR. Then CCGS LABRADOR.

All retrieved on: 3 August 2014. Ready Aye Ready Tjlynnjr (talk) 12:23, 3 August 2014 (UTC).

CCGS Labrador made a trip to Thule, Greenland, Nov 25 - Dec 26, 1966, along with CCGS N.B. McLean, USCG West Wind and the ice-breaking Cable-repair Ship John Cabot.
I was a Senior Cable-jointer working with Canadian Overseas Telecommunications Corporation. I was on-board the cable-ship John Cabot when the ship was advised of a broken cable while alongside the Holland-American wharf in New York, November, 1966. The broken cable was the BMEWS-W Cable (Ballistic Missile Early Warning System)connecting Thule with Colorado Springs, USA. The ship returned to St. John's, loaded spare cable and stores, then proceeded North to Thule, with her three ship escort, CCGS Labrador, CCGS N.B.McLean and the USCG West Wind. Captain George Burdock was in command, Walter Foster was the Chief Testing. When the ships arrived on site in early December, the iceberg which had grounded on the cable had opened a lake of water, so the JOHN CABOT got in and repaired the broken cable, while making history. But in doing so, the BMEWS-E cable got broken. The four ships stayed in the area for close to two weeks but never got another chance. Eventually it became so dangerous for all, a meeting was held and shortly afterwards all vessels departed the area and sailed south. CCGS John Cabot arrived back in St. John's on Boxing Day, 1966. My name is J.Allan Sparks and in June the following year, I went back to Thule on an American cable ship and successfully repaired the broken Cable — Preceding unsigned comment added by 142.166.152.196 (talk) 03:39, 27 January 2015 (UTC)

External links modified
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title: Talk:CCGS Labrador


text:
User talk:Mikemurphy

Welcome!

Welcome to Wikipedia, Mikemurphy! My name is Ryan, aka Acetic Acid. I noticed that you were new and haven't received any messages yet. I just wanted to see how you were doing. Wikipedia can be a little intimidating at first, since it uses different formatting than other sites that use HTML and CSS. In the long run, though, you'll find that the WikiSyntax is a lot easier and faster than those other ways. Here are a few links to get you started:

 * How to edit a page
 * Editing, policy, conduct, and structure tutorial
 * Picture tutorial
 * How to write a great article

There are a lot of policies and guides to read, but I highly recommend reading over those first. If you have any questions, feel free to leave me a message on my talk page. Please be sure to sign your name on Talk Pages using four tildes (~~~~) to produce your name and the current date, along with a link to your user page. This way, others know when you left a message and how to find you. It's easier than having to type out your name, right? :)

I hope you enjoy contributing to Wikipedia. We can use all the help we can get! Have a nice day. Sincerely,  Acetic Acid  ( talk  ) 15:46, August 30, 2005 (UTC)

Wikimedia Pennsylvania
Hello there!

I'm writing to inform you that we are now forming the first local Wikimedia Chapter in the United States: Wikimedia Pennsylvania. Our goals are to perform outreach and fundraising activities on behalf of the various Wikimedia projects. If you're interested in being a part of the chapter, or just want to know more, you can:
 * Contact us on IRC at #wikimedia-pa
 * Join our mailing list
 * Visit our blog at http://wmfpa.blogspot.com

Thanks and I hope you join up!  Cbrown1023   talk   03:53, 9 July 2007 (UTC)

FPC
I nominated your John Edwards pic, dude. — brighterorange  (talk) 16:53, 3 September 2007 (UTC)

Featured picture candidates/John Edwards Pittsburgh 2007
Hi Mike,

Just to let you know that the Featured Picture Image:John Edwards Pittsburgh 2007.jpg is due to make an appearance as Picture of the Day on. If you get a chance, you can check and improve the caption at Template:POTD/2007-01-03.  howcheng  {chat} 00:11, 28 December 2007 (UTC)
 * Actually, as it turns out since the Iowa caucuses are on the 4th, this was not such a good time to do it (didn't want to give any unfair exposure to any candidate) so we are going to postpone this until after a candidate has clinched the Democratic nomination.  howcheng  {chat} 18:09, 3 January 2008 (UTC)

Now that he's dropped out, the picture is scheduled for February 8. Regards,  howcheng  {chat} 06:28, 1 February 2008 (UTC)

Diet Coke and Mentos photo
I just have to say, I love your Diet Coke and Mentos photo, it's gorgeous. Keep up the good work! - Oreo Priest  talk 20:05, 30 May 2009 (UTC)
 * I got on to make the same comment. Really cool. 98.125.182.172 (talk) 04:16, 13 May 2013 (UTC)

Photo usage
Hi, I've been working on a small game built around animal quizzes and I wanted to let you know I've used one of your pictures.

I found your picture here: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Procambarus_clarkii.jpg

And I attributed the picture like this: Mike Murphy and also added a link to the license: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:public_domain

I hope you're happy with it, please let me know if this is not the case. You can find the game here: http://apps.facebook.com/animalalbum Or through here: http://www.facebook.com/pages/AnimalAlbum/156339584490672

Kind regards, Garfunkel Jansen (talk) 08:48, 14 July 2012 (UTC)

P.S. Thanks for taking the picture and making it available.

POTD notification
Hi Michael,

Just to let you know, the Featured Picture File:Diet Coke Mentos.jpg is due to make an appearance as Picture of the Day on January 11, 2015. If you get a chance, you can check and improve the caption at Template:POTD/2015-01-11. Thank you for all of your contributions! — Crisco 1492 (talk) 14:12, 22 December 2014 (UTC)

title: User talk:Mikemurphy


text:
Thomas Manton

Thomas Manton (1620–1677) was an English Puritan clergyman. He was a clerk to the Westminster Assembly and a chaplain to Oliver Cromwell.

Early life
Thomas Manton was baptised 31 March 1620 at Lydeard St Lawrence, Somerset, a remote southwestern portion of England. His grammar school education was possibly at Blundell's School, in Tiverton, Devon. His formal education came at Wadham College, University of Oxford, and he eventually graduated BA in 1639 from Hart Hall. Joseph Hall, bishop of Norwich, ordained him deacon the following year: he never took priest's orders, holding that he was properly ordained to the ministerial office.

Ministries at Sowton and Colyton (1640–1645)
He was then appointed town lecturer of Sowton in Devon, where he served from 1640 to 1643, and at Colyton, Devon, from 1643 to 1645.

Ministry at Stoke Newington (1645–1656)
In July 1645 he moved from the rural western counties to the London area, as Colonel Alexander Popham, the patron of St. Mary's parish, brought him east to the tiny town of Stoke Newington, in Middlesex county, outside London proper. Here he began his major mid-week lectures, first on Isaiah 53 (mid-1640s), then on James (end of the 1640s), and finally on Jude (late 1640s–early 1650s). While at Stoke Newington he was invited to preach before Parliament for the first of at least six occasions on 30 June 1647, which was a fast day for Parliament. His sermon was based on Zechariah 14:9 and entitled, "Meat out of the Eater; or, Hopes of Unity in and by Divided and Distracted Times." Exactly one year later, on 30 June 1648, he preached another fast sermon on Revelation 3:20, "England's Spiritual Languishing; with the Causes and the Cure." He also participated in the Westminster Assembly as one of three clerks, was later appointed to write a preface to the second edition of the Westminster Confession in 1658, and served Oliver Cromwell as a chaplain and a trier (an overseeing body that examined men for the ministry).

Ministry at Covent Garden (1656–1662)
In 1656 he moved to London as he was appointed as a lecturer at Westminster Abbey and most importantly as rector of St. Paul's, Covent Garden, succeeding Obadiah Sedgwick. During this time Cromwell died and England entered a period of great uncertainty. This led Presbyterians such as Manton to call for the restoration of Charles II in 1660, travelling along with others to Breda, The Netherlands, to negotiate his return. After Charles returned, Manton was part of the negotiations called the Savoy Conference, in which the scruples of the Presbyterians and Congregationalists concerning the Prayer Book were formally discussed. Yet since the Cavalier Parliament was filled with Laudians, 1662 saw the enactment of the Act of Uniformity 1662. All ministers were to be ordained or re-ordained by a bishop, they were to renounce the Solemn League and Covenant, promise loyalty to the Prayer Book, and subscribe the Thirty-Nine Articles. Since Manton was on favourable terms with Charles II he was offered the Deanery of Rochester, but he refused on conscience grounds.

Post-Ejection (1662–1677)
Manton's last years were tumultuous. The Act of Uniformity led to the "Great Ejection." On 17 August 1662, Manton preached his last sermon at Covent Garden on Hebrews 12:1. Then on 24 August 1662, he resigned his living (pastorate) with almost 2,000 other Puritans in protest. Despite his lack of patronage, he continued to preach at home on King Street in Covent Garden. He also continued to write even when imprisoned for refusing to cooperate for six months in 1670 in violation of the Conventicle Act. 1672 saw the Declaration of Indulgence, in which men like Manton were granted a licence to preach at home. Manton then became a lecturer at Pinner's Hall for the so-called "morning exercises." Parliament, though, revoked this Indulgence the year after. Manton later died on 18 October 1677, and was survived by his wife and three children.

Works
Although Manton is little known now, in his day he was held in as much esteem as men like John Owen. He was best known for his skilled expository preaching, and was a favourite of John Charles Ryle, who championed his republication in the mid-19th century, and Charles Spurgeon. Of Manton, Ryle said he was "a man who could neither say, nor do, nor write anything without being observed." Spurgeon said his works contained "a mighty mountain of sound theology" and his sermons were "second to none" to his contemporaries. He went on to say, "Manton is not brilliant, but he is always clever; he is not oratorical, but he is powerful; he is not striking, but he is deep." His finest work is probably his Exposition of James.

 * One hundred and ninety sermons on the hundred and nineteenth Psalm (Volume 1) https://archive.org/details/onehundredninety01mant
 * One hundred and ninety sermons on the hundred and nineteenth Psalm (Volume 2) https://archive.org/details/onehundredninety02mant
 * One hundred and ninety sermons on the hundred and nineteenth Psalm (Volume 3) https://archive.org/details/onehundredninety03mant
 * A practical commentary, or, An exposition with notes upon the Epistle of James : delivered in sundry weekly lectures at Stoke-Newington in Middlesex, near London (1657) https://archive.org/details/practi00mant OL ia:practi00mant
 * A practical commentary, or, an exposition with notes on the Epistle of James; delivered in Sunday weekly lectures at Stoke-Newington in Middlesex, near London (1842 printing) https://archive.org/details/practicalcomment00mantuoft
 * A practical commentary, or, An exposition with notes on the Epistle of James : delivered in sundry weekly lectures at Stoke-Newington in Middlesex, near London (1653) https://archive.org/details/comment00mant OL ia:comment00mant

Complete works

 * The complete works of Thomas Manton, D.D. : with memoir of the author (vol 1) https://archive.org/details/completeworksoft01mantuoft
 * Memoir by Rev. Dr. Harris.
 * A Practical Exposition of the Lord's Prayer.
 * On Christ's Temptation and Transfiguration.
 * On Redemption by Christ and his Eternal Existence.
 * The complete works of Thomas Manton, D.D. : with memoir of the author (vol 2) https://archive.org/details/completeworksoft02mantuoft
 * An Estimate of Manton, by the Rev. J. C. Ryle, B.A.
 * Several Discourses Tending to Promote Peace and Holiness.
 * Twenty Sermons on Important Passages of Scripture.
 * Farewell and Funeral Sermons.
 * The complete works of Thomas Manton, D.D. : with memoir of the author (Volume 3) https://archive.org/details/completeworksoft03mantuoft
 * Eighteen Sermons on the Description, Rise, Growth, and Fall of Antichrist; and
 * A Practical Exposition Upon the Fifty-Third Chapter of Isaiah.
 * The complete works of Thomas Manton, D.D. : with memoir of the author (Volume 4) https://archive.org/details/completeworksoft04mantuoft
 * A Practical Commentary, or an Exposition, with Notes, on the Epistle of James.
 * The complete works of Thomas Manton, D.D. : with memoir of the author (Volume 5) *https://archive.org/details/completeworksoft05mantuoft
 * A Practical Commentary; or, an Exposition, with Notes, on the Epistle of Jude.
 * Meat Out of the Eater. England's Spiritual Languishing, its Causes and Cure.
 * Sermons at Morning Exercise. Preface to Smectymnuus Redivivus.
 * The complete works of Thomas Manton, D.D. : with memoir of the author (Volume 6) https://archive.org/details/completeworksoft06mantuoft
 * Several Sermons Upon the CXIX Psalm.
 * The complete works of Thomas Manton, D.D. : with memoir of the author (Volume 7) https://archive.org/details/completeworksoft07mantuoft
 * Several Sermons Upon the CXIX Psalm.
 * The complete works of Thomas Manton, D.D. : with memoir of the author (Volume 8) https://archive.org/details/completeworksoft08mantuoft
 * Several Sermons Upon the CXIX Psalm.
 * The complete works of Thomas Manton, D.D. : with memoir of the author (Volume 9) https://archive.org/details/completeworksoft09mantuoft
 * Several Sermons Upon the CXIX Psalm;
 * Several Sermons Upon the Twenty-Fifth Chapter of St. Matthew.
 * The complete works of Thomas Manton, D.D. : with memoir of the author (Volume 10) https://archive.org/details/completeworksoft10mantuoft
 * Several Sermons Upon the Twenty-Fifth Chapter of St. Matthew; also
 * Sermons Upon the Seventeenth Chapter of St John.
 * The complete works of Thomas Manton, D.D. : with memoir of the author (Volume 11) https://archive.org/details/completeworksoft11mantuoft
 * Sermons Upon the Seventeenth Chapter of St John; also
 * Sermons Upon the Sixth and Eighth Chapters of Romans.
 * The complete works of Thomas Manton, D.D. : with memoir of the author (Volume 12) https://archive.org/details/completeworkoft12mantuoft
 * Sermons Upon the Eighth Chapter of Romans.; also
 * Sermons Upon 2 Corinthians V.
 * The complete works of Thomas Manton, D.D. : with memoir of the author (Volume 13) https://archive.org/details/completeworksoft13mantuoft
 * Several Sermons Upon 2 Corinthians V; and
 * Sermons Upon Hebrews XI.
 * The complete works of Thomas Manton, D.D. : with memoir of the author (Volume 14) https://archive.org/details/completeworksoft14mantuoft
 * Several Sermons Upon Hebrews XI.
 * The complete works of Thomas Manton, D.D. : with memoir of the author (Volume 15) https://archive.org/details/completeworksoft15mantuoft
 * Several Sermons Upon Hebrews XI;
 * Treatises on the Life of Faith and on Self-Denial; also
 * Several Sermons Preached on Public Occasions.
 * The complete works of Thomas Manton, D.D. : with memoir of the author (Volume 16) https://archive.org/details/completeworksoft16mantuoft
 * Sermons on Several Texts of Scripture.
 * The complete works of Thomas Manton, D.D. : with memoir of the author (Volume 17) https://archive.org/details/completeworksoft17mantuoft
 * Sermons on Several Texts of Scripture.
 * The complete works of Thomas Manton, D.D. : with memoir of the author (Volume 18) https://archive.org/details/completeworksoft18mantuoft
 * Sermons on Several Texts of Scripture.
 * The complete works of Thomas Manton, D.D. : with memoir of the author (Volume 19) https://archive.org/details/completeworksoft19mantuoft
 * Sermons on Several Texts of Scripture.
 * The complete works of Thomas Manton, D.D. : with memoir of the author (Volume 20) https://archive.org/details/compleeteworksoft20mantuoft
 * Sermons on Several Texts of Scripture.
 * The complete works of Thomas Manton, D.D. : with memoir of the author (Volume 21) https://archive.org/details/completeworksoft21mantuoft
 * Sermons on Several Texts of Scripture.
 * The complete works of Thomas Manton, D.D. : with memoir of the author (Volume 22) https://archive.org/details/completeworkoft22mantuoft
 * Sermons on Several Texts of Scripture; together with
 * Copious Indexes of Subjects and Texts to Dr Manton's Works.

title: Thomas Manton


text:
User talk:Vaquerito

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Lord Wentworth's Regiment

Lord Wentworth's Regiment was a regiment of infantry raised during the exile of King Charles II during the Interregnum to serve in the Royalist Army in Exile. Formed as the Royal Regiment of Guards in 1656 at Bruges under the command of the Earl of Rochester. It was made up of men who remained loyal to the King and had followed him into exile. When Rochester died in February 1658 command passed to Thomas Wentworth, 5th Baron Wentworth. The regiment served as part of the Spanish Army during the Franco-Spanish War and the concurrent Anglo-Spanish War in the Spanish Netherlands and saw action at the Battle of the Dunes (1658) under the command of Wentworth, before accompanying the King back to England to reclaim the throne at the Restoration in 1660. In 1665, the regiment was amalgamated with John Russell's Regiment of Guards to form the 1st Regiment of Foot Guards.

title: Lord Wentworth's Regiment


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Talk:Peppa Pig

"Peppa Pig TM" listed at Redirects for discussion
The redirect [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Peppa_Pig_TM&redirect=no Peppa Pig TM] has been listed at redirects for discussion to determine whether its use and function meets the redirect guidelines. Readers of this page are welcome to comment on this redirect at  until a consensus is reached. Utopes (talk / cont) 05:25, 25 February 2024 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 12 April 2024
pepper pig is a psychopath that hunts down kid’s and loves eating bacon.
 * Red question icon with gradient background.svg Not done: it's not clear what changes you want to be made. Please mention the specific changes in a "change X to Y" format and provide a reliable source if appropriate.  (talk | contribs) 01:21, 12 April 2024 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 30 April 2024
Sarah Ann Kennedy is the voice of Miss Rabbit and this seems to have been omitted from the area that says 'Starring'. Please can you put my name back. 193.61.243.228 (talk) 16:34, 30 April 2024 (UTC)
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Question
Should we make a page for the Peppa Pig franchise or add it to the highest grossing franchises page? or no 50.168.185.122 (talk) 23:07, 5 May 2024 (UTC)

Other languages
Peppa Wutz is the German name of this series, with German dubbed in. The article should mention what languages the series exists in. Kdammers (talk) 17:06, 10 June 2024 (UTC)

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Talk:Ecclesiastical Latin

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Untitled
According to a recent newspaper article (Oct 2005) there are problems in getting ecclesiastics who can speak Latin. Posted by an Anonymous user at ISP 212.85.6.26 at 16:54, 25 October 2005.

My fault
Doubtless by my fault, the comment I believed I posted here on 30 August does not appear. I will repeat the idea now in fewer words.

Latin is a language. Ecclesiastical Latin is not a language. It is only the same Latin language used for ecclesiastical purposes, as it can be used for commercial purposes, for purposes of invective, or just for fun.

Others may see reasons, practical or of other nature, for keeping this article separate. But it seems more logical to me to move the material here to the Latin language entry, as a section within it.

Lima 20:07, 25 October 2005 (UTC)
 * As no one has bothered to answer this for the public since 2005, I will have to do it. Any language evolves over time. That concept has been captured for Latin by the notion of styles. All the styles of Latin cannot be placed under a sungle heading; the topic is too extensive. Thanks for this most relevant question.Dave (talk) 09:28, 11 October 2009 (UTC)

Tsi
Fortunately, for Latin as pronounced ecclesiastically, it is extremely easy to show that words like "actio" and "natio" are of three syllables, because in Gregorian musical notation each syllable is given a separate note or neum. Take any edition of the Roman Missal in Latin and on almost every page that has music you will find examples. In the Our Father, "tentationem" (et ne nos inducas in tentationem) has five syllables. In the introductory dialogue to the Preface of the Eucharistic Prayer, "gratias" (Gratias agamus Domino Deo nostro) has three syllables. The first of the liturgical greetings proposed in the present Missal, has two examples: Gratia Domini nostri Iesu Christi, et caritas Dei, et communicatio Sancti Spiritus sit cum omnibus vobis.

Where on earth can Aeusoes1 have got the opposite idea? Does he really think that "actio" is pronounced ecclesiastically as [aktsjo] - it is not at all easy to pronounce it as two syllables. Aeusoes1 cannot have got the idea from classical Latin: the poets give the same number of syllables to such words as are given in the ecclesiastical pronunciation. Would Aeusoes1 kindly indicate where in Latin spelling and pronunciation he thought he found it stated that these words have one syllable less: I do not intend to waste time looking in that article for what I am convinced it does not contain.

Lima 04:46, 31 August 2006 (UTC)

Well, I have let myself be tempted and have looked at the other article and found the mistake (mistyping?). I have corrected it. Lima 04:54, 31 August 2006 (UTC)

 * Stupid Romans and their failure to orthographically distinguish between semivowels and high vowels. My apologies. AEuSoes1 05:16, 31 August 2006 (UTC)
 * All such blanket phrases "the ecclesiastical pronunciation" are strictly limited to context. Like any other language, Latin evolved diachronically and in other ways I am sure.Dave (talk) 09:32, 11 October 2009 (UTC)

Removed a redundancy
"And double consonants receive doubled pronunciation."

I removed this because this was also the case in Classical Latin and therefore doesn't belong in a section about the differences between the two. Arthurian Legend 04:37, 26 September 2006 (UTC)
 * Sorry, I changed back before reading this comment. Still, I do not think comparison is being made with (what we presume to be) classical Latin pronunciation.  The comparison is with English, rather than with classical Latin pronunciation, about which many (most?) readers will have little or no idea.  Mention is made, for instance, of giving the vowels their value in Italian.  I take this to be in contrast much more to English than to classical Latin.  Lima 07:03, 26 September 2006 (UTC)

Church leaders that can speak latin
The article should maybe try to give an educated guess on the number of Church leaders that can speak and write latin. For a long time now, their number has been thought to be declining, to the extent that many Church leaders of the future may not have the ability to speak the language. Another issue would be to try to provide an adequate commentary on the quality of the latin language that is spoken by contemporary Popes. Leo XIII is often described as having spoken an excellent latin, while Benedict XVI spontaneously writes remarkable latin-language letters to his brother bishops. ADM (talk) 10:37, 31 August 2009 (UTC)
 * 45 years ago every bishop could speak Latin fluently (so well that they would of been the envy of medieval scholars) - today however I am unaware of ONE American prelate that can speak it fluently, though many have a grasp. There is a professional Latinist in Rome (Vatican City) whose job it is to lead a school on it, and sadly he thinks the situation is hopeless. If it makes you feel better though despite not being Latin-Rite I plan on learning Ecclesiatical Latin fluenty :P Zantorzi (talk) 13:34, 17 December 2009 (UTC)

Early history of the use of the language
I was hoping to find some discussion of the early use of the language. Presumably, Ecclesiastical Latin originally stemmed from Late Latin with a strong influence from Vulgar Latin. Subsequently, the recovery of classical texts brought it back to Classical Latin. Is this true?

The difficulty seems to be that this article has not gotten enough historical linguistic attention. I'd be surprised that there has not been a lot of scholarly attention to evolution of Ecclesiastical Latin, though much of it may not be in English. DCDuring (talk) 10:13, 2 January 2010 (UTC)

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Encyclicals really don't use Latin anymore
Encyclicals and motu proprios and other papal documents don't use Latin anymore. They're usually written in Spanish or something the Holy Father actually understands. Sometimes, once in a while, they're back-translated to Latin for the benefit of the Vatican website. Sometimes the incipit is in Latin while the document never was! The Latin translations are pretty bad, too. I don't think we can credibly claim that they are officially released in Latin anymore. Elizium23 (talk) 07:16, 27 January 2021 (UTC)

Use of parentheses
Isn't it normal in discussing written forms to use angle brackets:, to distinguish from phonetic [word] and phonemic /word/? Or, less formally, "word"? This article uses a convention of ordinary curved parentheses: (word). This convention confused me until I got used to it. I would change all such uses of parentheses, except that I don't want to put in the work only to have it all reverted. I just make the suggestion that all the references to written form use the informal double quotes: "word". TomS TDotO (talk) 02:47, 3 August 2021 (UTC)

 * The convention in linguistics books that I've read is to italicize the word itself, with the gloss in single quotes: verbum ‘word’. —Tamfang (talk) 02:07, 3 April 2024 (UTC)

Open and close ⟨e⟩ and ⟨o⟩
'In many countries, those who speak Latin for liturgical or other ecclesiastical purposes use the pronunciation that has become traditional in Rome by giving the letters the value they have in modern Italian but without distinguishing between open and close ⟨e⟩ and ⟨o⟩.'

So do Italians distinguish between open and close ⟨e⟩ and ⟨o⟩ when they use the traditional pronunciation? That would mean that one form of Ecclesiastical Latin does have that distinction and that fact ought to be mentioned. The sentence leaves the reader in the dark about this, since it is ambiguous. It could mean either 'they use the pronunciation that has become traditional in Rome, which requires "giving letters the value they have in modern Italian, but not distinguishing between open and close ⟨e⟩ and ⟨o⟩"'; or it could mean 'they use the pronunciation that has become traditional in Rome, which requires "giving letters the value they have in modern Italian", but they do not distinguish between open and close ⟨e⟩ and ⟨o⟩'. 62.73.69.121 (talk) 19:08, 16 February 2024 (UTC)

Unclear relationship to evolution of Latin
It seems to me that ecclesiastical Latin is two things: (a) Especially since ecclesiastical pronunciation was decreed; it is identified with a distinct system of pronunciation; (b) A set of preferred terms and terminology, like "Scientific Latin", but focused on theological matters; but it is also not (c) A different system of spelling or grammar, perhaps excepting some specific spelling choices.

More importantly, Ecclesiastical Latin as a practice both shapes and later leans heavily on the standards of the time. In the medieval period, it is essentially medieval Latin as also written by the state, etc. A church Cardinal working as Chancellor for a King did not use a different Latin when making laws, or writing or speaking to foreign dignatories. During the Renaissance, there may have been conservatism, but Latin in the Church went through the same changes as Neo-Latin elsewhere; the Jesuits became preeminent teachers of Neo-Latin. Today, Ecclesiastical Latin is a highly classicising Neo-Latin, with a specialist vocabulary, and a specific pronunciation, which is otherwise very similar to other modern Neo-Latin, but very different from the Latin of the late Roman period, or any part of the medieval period. I think it would be good if the article could make these points clearer.

At present, the article reads as if Eccesiastical Latin is a single, continuous and distinct form of Latin, which I think is rather misleading. Jim Killock (talk) 08:26, 26 March 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Ecclesiastical Latin


text:
Jedermann sein eigner Fussball

Jedermann sein eigner Fussball ("Everyman His Own Football") was a single-issue illustrated satirical magazine published by Malik Verlag (Wieland Herzfelde's publishing house) on 15 February 1919; the German police arrested staff and confiscated copies immediately on publication.

It included two photomontages by John Heartfield on the front cover and six line drawings by George Grosz. Texts are by Herzfelde, Walter Mehring, Mynona; other contributors jointly credited include Richard Huelsenbeck, Erwin Piscator, Karl Nierendorf, and J.H. Kuhlemann. The cover's typeface and layout satirise contemporary trends in conservative German newspaper design.

The issue contains photomontages such as Heartfield's "Wer ist der Schönste? (who is the most beautiful?)," a proposed beauty contest of political, government, and military leaders whose faces are playfully spread across an open fan. In spite of its absurdist amusements, this singular issue was a work of impassioned radical opinion, published only a few weeks after the communist revolt in Berlin had been quashed by Gustav Noske's Free Corps, and Karl Liebknecht and Rosa Luxemburg executed. "Jedermann sein eigner Fussball" is an example of Berlin Dada in its most aggravated political phase.

title: Jedermann sein eigner Fussball


text:
User talk:Perrak

Welcome!

Welcome to Wikipedia, Perrak! My name is Ryan, aka Acetic Acid. I noticed that you were new and haven't received any messages yet. I just wanted to see how you were doing. Wikipedia can be a little intimidating at first, since it uses different formatting than other sites that use HTML and CSS. In the long run, though, you'll find that the WikiSyntax is a lot easier and faster than those other ways. Here are a few links to get you started:

 * How to edit a page
 * Editing, policy, conduct, and structure tutorial
 * Picture tutorial
 * How to write a great article

There are a lot of policies and guides to read, but I highly recommend reading over those first. If you have any questions, feel free to leave me a message on my talk page. Please be sure to sign your name on Talk Pages using four tildes (~~~~) to produce your name and the current date, along with a link to your user page. This way, others know when you left a message and how to find you. It's easier than having to type out your name, right? :)

I hope you enjoy contributing to Wikipedia. We can use all the help we can get! Have a nice day. Sincerely,  Acetic Acid  ( talk  ) 15:49, August 30, 2005 (UTC)
 * You're welcome! I've seen a lot of crossovers from the German Wikipedia lately. Anyway, glad to have you here. You might want to put a Babel on your user page, so others will know you do not speak English as well as you speak German. Any contribution you make is appreciated, whether major or minor. Happy editing!  Acetic Acid  ( talk  ) 16:07, August 30, 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Perrak


text: Talk:Jedermann sein eigner Fussball

title: Talk:Jedermann sein eigner Fussball


text:
Fluoride volatility

Fluoride volatility is the tendency of highly fluorinated molecules to vaporize at comparatively low temperatures. Heptafluorides, hexafluorides and pentafluorides have much lower boiling points than the lower-valence fluorides. Most difluorides and trifluorides have high boiling points, while most tetrafluorides and monofluorides fall in between. The term "fluoride volatility" is jargon used particularly in the context of separation of radionuclides.

Volatility and valence
Valences for the majority of elements are based on the highest known fluoride.

Roughly, fluoride volatility can be used to remove elements with a valence of 5 or greater: uranium, neptunium, plutonium, metalloids (tellurium, antimony), nonmetals (selenium), halogens (iodine, bromine), and the middle transition metals (niobium, molybdenum, technetium, ruthenium, and possibly rhodium). This fraction includes the actinides most easily reusable as nuclear fuel in a thermal reactor, and the two long-lived fission products best suited to disposal by transmutation, Tc-99 and I-129, as well as Se-79.

Noble gases (xenon, krypton) are volatile even without fluoridation, and will not condense except at much lower temperatures.

Left behind are alkali metals (caesium, rubidium), alkaline earth metals (strontium, barium), lanthanides, the remaining actinides (americium, curium), remaining transition metals (yttrium, zirconium, palladium, silver) and post-transition metals (tin, indium, cadmium). This fraction contains the fission products that are radiation hazards on a scale of decades (Cs-137, Sr-90, Sm-151), the four remaining long-lived fission products Cs-135, Zr-93, Pd-107, Sn-126 of which only the last emits strong radiation, most of the neutron poisons, and the higher actinides (americium, curium, californium) that are radiation hazards on a scale of hundreds or thousands of years and are difficult to work with because of gamma radiation but are fissionable in a fast reactor.

Reprocessing methods
Uranium oxides react with fluorine to form gaseous uranium hexafluoride, most of the plutonium reacts to form gaseous plutonium hexafluoride, a majority of fission products (especially electropositive elements: lanthanides, strontium, barium, yttrium, caesium) form nonvolatile fluorides. Few metals in the fission products (the transition metals niobium, ruthenium, technetium, molybdenum, and the halogen iodine) form volatile (boiling point <200 °C) fluorides that accompany the uranium and plutonium hexafluorides, together with inert gases. Distillation is then used to separate the uranium hexafluoride from the mixture.

The nonvolatile alkaline fission products and minor actinides is most suitable for further processing with 'dry' electrochemical processing (pyrochemical) non-aqueous methods. The lanthanide fluorides are difficult to dissolve in the nitric acid used for aqueous reprocessing methods, such as PUREX, DIAMEX and SANEX, which use solvent extraction. Fluoride volatility is only one of several pyrochemical processes designed to reprocess used nuclear fuel.

The Řež nuclear research institute at Řež in the Czech Republic tested screw dosers that fed ground uranium oxide (simulating used fuel pellets) into a fluorinator where the particles were burned in fluorine gas to form uranium hexafluoride.

Hitachi has developed a technology, called FLUOREX, which combines fluoride volatility, to extract uranium, with more traditional solvent extraction (PUREX), to extract plutonium and other transuranics]. The FLUOREX-based fuel cycle is intended for use with the Reduced moderation water reactor.

title: Fluoride volatility


text:
Happy ending problem

In mathematics, the "happy ending problem" (so named by Paul Erdős because it led to the marriage of George Szekeres and Esther Klein ) is the following statement:

$$

This was one of the original results that led to the development of Ramsey theory.

The happy ending theorem can be proven by a simple case analysis: if four or more points are vertices of the convex hull, any four such points can be chosen. If on the other hand, the convex hull has the form of a triangle with two points inside it, the two inner points and one of the triangle sides can be chosen. See for an illustrated explanation of this proof, and  for a more detailed survey of the problem.

The Erdős–Szekeres conjecture states precisely a more general relationship between the number of points in a general-position point set and its largest subset forming a convex polygon, namely that the smallest number of points for which any general position arrangement contains a convex subset of $$n$$ points is $$2^{n-2} + 1$$. It remains unproven, but less precise bounds are known.

Larger polygons
proved the following generalisation:

$$

The proof appeared in the same paper that proves the Erdős–Szekeres theorem on monotonic subsequences in sequences of numbers.

Let $f(N)$ denote the minimum $M$ for which any set of $M$ points in general position must contain a convex N-gon. It is known that
 * $f(3) = 3$, trivially.
 * $f(4) = 5$. A set of eight points with no convex pentagon is shown in the illustration, demonstrating that $f(5) = 9$; the more difficult part of the proof is to show that every set of nine points in general position contains the vertices of a convex pentagon.
 * The value of $f(5) > 8$ is unknown for all $f(6) = 17$. By the result of, $f(N)$ is known to be finite for all finite $N > 6$.
 * The value of $f(N)$ is unknown for all $N$. By the result of, $f(N)$ is known to be finite for all finite $N ≥ 7$.
 * The value of ᙭᙭᙭ is unknown for all ᙭᙭᙭. By the result of, ᙭᙭᙭ is known to be finite for all finite ᙭᙭᙭.

On the basis of the known values of ᙭᙭᙭ for N = 3, 4 and 5, Erdős and Szekeres conjectured in their original paper that $$f(N) = 1 + 2^{N-2} \quad \text{for all } N \geq 3.$$ They proved later, by constructing explicit examples, that $$f(N) \geq 1 + 2^{N-2}$$. In 2016 Andrew Suk showed that for ᙭᙭᙭ $$f(N) \leq 2^{N + o(N)}.$$

Suk actually proves, for N sufficiently large, $$f(N) \leq 2^{N + 6N^{2/3}logN}.$$

This was subsequently improved to:

$$f(N) \leq 2^{N + O(\sqrt{NlogN})}.$$

Empty convex polygons
There is also the question of whether any sufficiently large set of points in general position has an "empty" convex quadrilateral, pentagon, etc., that is, one that contains no other input point. The original solution to the happy ending problem can be adapted to show that any five points in general position have an empty convex quadrilateral, as shown in the illustration, and any ten points in general position have an empty convex pentagon. However, there exist arbitrarily large sets of points in general position that contain no empty convex heptagon.

For a long time the question of the existence of empty hexagons remained open, but and  proved that every sufficiently large point set in general position contains a convex empty hexagon. More specifically, Gerken showed that the number of points needed is no more than f(9) for the same function f defined above, while Nicolás showed that the number of points needed is no more than f(25). supplies a simplification of Gerken's proof that however requires more points, f(15) instead of f(9). At least 30 points are needed; there exists a set of 29 points in general position with no empty convex hexagon. The question was finally answered by, who showed, using a SAT solving approach, that indeed every set of 30 points in general position contains an empty hexagon.

Related problems
The problem of finding sets of n points minimizing the number of convex quadrilaterals is equivalent to minimizing the crossing number in a straight-line drawing of a complete graph. The number of quadrilaterals must be proportional to the fourth power of n, but the precise constant is not known.

It is straightforward to show that, in higher-dimensional Euclidean spaces, sufficiently large sets of points will have a subset of k points that forms the vertices of a convex polytope, for any k greater than the dimension: this follows immediately from existence of convex k-gons in sufficiently large planar point sets, by projecting the higher-dimensional point set into an arbitrary two-dimensional subspace. However, the number of points necessary to find k points in convex position may be smaller in higher dimensions than it is in the plane, and it is possible to find subsets that are more highly constrained. In particular, in d dimensions, every d + 3 points in general position have a subset of d + 2 points that form the vertices of a cyclic polytope. More generally, for every d and k > d there exists a number m(d, k) such that every set of m(d, k) points in general position has a subset of k points that form the vertices of a neighborly polytope.

title: Happy ending problem


text:
User talk:Cablgram

Welcome!

Welcome to Wikipedia, Cablgram! My name is Ryan, aka Acetic Acid. I noticed that you were new and haven't received any messages yet. I just wanted to see how you were doing. Wikipedia can be a little intimidating at first, since it uses different formatting than other sites that use HTML and CSS. In the long run, though, you'll find that the WikiSyntax is a lot easier and faster than those other ways. Here are a few links to get you started:

 * How to edit a page
 * Editing, policy, conduct, and structure tutorial
 * Picture tutorial
 * How to write a great article

There are a lot of policies and guides to read, but I highly recommend reading over those first. If you have any questions, feel free to leave me a message on my talk page. Please be sure to sign your name on Talk Pages using four tildes (~~~~) to produce your name and the current date, along with a link to your user page. This way, others know when you left a message and how to find you. It's easier than having to type out your name, right? :)

I hope you enjoy contributing to Wikipedia. We can use all the help we can get! Have a nice day. Sincerely,  Acetic Acid  ( talk  ) 15:50, August 30, 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Cablgram


text: User talk:65.124.161.144

title: User talk:65.124.161.144


text:
Kyburg (castle)

Kyburg Castle (Schloss Kyburg) is a castle in Switzerland, overlooking the Töss river about 3 km south-east of Winterthur, in Kyburg municipality, canton of Zürich. It is a Swiss heritage site of national significance.

History
The first fortification at this site was likely built in the second half of the 10th century by the counts of Winterthur. It is first mentioned in 1027 under the name of Chuigeburg ("cows-fort"), which name points to an original use as a refuge castle for livestock. The modern spelling Kyburg first occurs in the 1230s (other spellings of the 11th to 13th century include Chiuburch, Cogiburk, Kuiburc, Chuͦweburg, Chyburc, Qwiburg, Kiburc, Chiburg, Kibor, Kyburc, Kiburg)

The early castle was destroyed in 1028 or 1030 by emperor Conrad II. It was rebuilt and soon became the center of the county of Kyburg which was formed in 1053 as a possession of the counts of Dillingen. In 1079, during the Investiture Controversy, the castle was attacked and partially destroyed by Abbot Ulrich II of St. Gall. By 1096, the counts of Dillingen included a count of Kyburg as one of their titles. By 1180, the counts of Kyburg emerged as a cadet line of the Dillingen family. They rose to be the most important noble family in the Swiss plateau beside the Habsburg and the House of Savoy by the 13th century.

After the death of the last count in 1264, Rudolph of Habsburg claimed the inheritance for his family. With one interruption, the Imperial Regalia of the Holy Roman Empire were kept in the castle between 1273 and 1322.

In 1349, 330 Jews were burned within the fortress. This was one of the deadliest pogroms in Swiss areas.

The core of the extant castle originates in the 13th century, with the addition of substantial parts in the course of the 13th and 14th centuries. It is among the largest surviving medieval castle complexes in Switzerland, consisting of a bergfried and palas with additional residential and economic buildings and a chapel, all connected by a ring wall enclosing a large courtyard.

In 1424, the city of Zürich bought the county, and the castle became the seat of the reeve. The dilapidated castle was substantially renovated at this time. The chapel has substantial late Gothic frescoes commissioned by Zürich. Substantial changes to the structure were made under reeve Hans Rudolf Lavater during 1527/8. Further changes were made to the structure in the early modern period.

The castle was plundered by the local populace in 1798, but it was again used as an administrative seat from 1803 until 1831, when it was sold by auction to one Franz Heinrich Hirzel of Winterthur who intended to use it as a quarry. To prevent its destruction, the castle was bought by the exiled Polish count Alexander Sobansky (1799–1861) in 1835. Sobansky resided in the castle for the next 30 years. In 1865 the castle was opened as a "Castle and Art Museum" by Matthäus Pfau. Under the next owner, Eduard Bodmer, the museum remained open. In 1917, the Canton of Zurich bought the castle back. The castle has been run by the Verein Museum Schloss Kyburg since 1999.

In 2021-2022, a 14th-century gauntlet was discovered near Kyberg during an archeological excavation.

Events
Every summer the Kyburgiade, an international chamber music festival, takes place in the inner courtyard of the castle.

Castle site
The castle forms an irregular quadrangle with a single courtyard atop a steep hill above the Töss valley. South of the castle, between the medieval neck ditches, is the French formal garden which was designed in 1700 by Caspar Schwarzenbach. The entrance to the castle is through the outer gate located on the north-east corner. The gate house was rebuilt in 1579-80 and decorated with coats of arms by Christoph and Josias Murer. A zwinger, or narrow, defensive passage, leads from the outer gate to the inner gate. A walkway goes over the zwinger and connects the palas, or great hall, with the Willenturm (Willen tower) on the north corner of the castle. The inner gate is protected by the bergfried, which was built in 1424 with the addition of a roof in 1444.

title: Kyburg (castle)


text:
User talk:Ragai

Welcome!

Welcome to Wikipedia, Ragai! My name is Ryan, aka Acetic Acid. I noticed that you were new and haven't received any messages yet. I just wanted to see how you were doing. Wikipedia can be a little intimidating at first, since it uses different formatting than other sites that use HTML and CSS. In the long run, though, you'll find that the WikiSyntax is a lot easier and faster than those other ways. Here are a few links to get you started:

 * How to edit a page
 * Editing, policy, conduct, and structure tutorial
 * Picture tutorial
 * How to write a great article

There are a lot of policies and guides to read, but I highly recommend reading over those first. If you have any questions, feel free to leave me a message on my talk page. Please be sure to sign your name on Talk Pages using four tildes (~~~~) to produce your name and the current date, along with a link to your user page. This way, others know when you left a message and how to find you. It's easier than having to type out your name, right? :)

I hope you enjoy contributing to Wikipedia. We can use all the help we can get! Have a nice day. Sincerely,  Acetic Acid  ( talk  ) 15:51, August 30, 2005 (UTC)

Unreferenced BLPs
Hello Ragai! Thank you for your contributions. I am a bot alerting you that 1 of the articles that you created  is tagged as an Unreferenced Biography of a Living Person. The biographies of living persons policy requires that all personal or potentially controversial information be sourced. In addition, to ensure verifiability, all biographies should be based on reliable sources. If you were to bring this article up to standards, it would greatly help us with the current Category:All_unreferenced_BLPs article backlog. Once the article is adequately referenced, please remove the unreferencedBLP tag. Here is the article:

Thanks!--DASHBot (talk) 11:18, 25 January 2010 (UTC)
 * 1) Ragai Karas -

Proposed deletion of Ragai Karas

The article Ragai Karas has been proposed for deletion  because of the following concern:
 * Apparently non notable artist, found one passing mention in a local paper.

While all contributions to Wikipedia are appreciated, content or articles may be deleted for any of several reasons.

You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the  notice, but please explain why in your edit summary or on the article's talk page.

Please consider improving the article to address the issues raised. Removing  will stop the proposed deletion process, but other deletion processes exist. The speedy deletion process can result in deletion without discussion, and articles for deletion allows discussion to reach consensus for deletion. --Nuujinn (talk) 22:05, 29 October 2010 (UTC)

File:Ragai copy.jpg listed for deletion
A file that you uploaded or altered, File:Ragai copy.jpg, has been listed at Files for deletion. Please see the to see why this is (you may have to search for the title of the image to find its entry), if you are interested in it not being deleted. Kelly hi! 20:15, 23 December 2010 (UTC)

title: User talk:Ragai