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Wetware computer

A wetware computer is an organic computer (which can also be known as an artificial organic brain or a neurocomputer) composed of organic material "wetware" such as "living" neurons. Wetware computers composed of neurons are different than conventional computers because they use biological materials, and offer the possibility of substantially more energy-efficient computing. While a wetware computer is still largely conceptual, there has been limited success with construction and prototyping, which has acted as a proof of the concept's realistic application to computing in the future. The most notable prototypes have stemmed from the research completed by biological engineer William Ditto during his time at the Georgia Institute of Technology. His work constructing a simple neurocomputer capable of basic addition from leech neurons in 1999 was a significant discovery for the concept. This research was a primary example driving interest in creating these artificially constructed, but still organic brains.

Overview
The concept of wetware is an application of specific interest to the field of computer manufacturing. Moore's law, which states that the number of transistors which can be placed on a silicon chip is doubled roughly every two years, has acted as a goal for the industry for decades, but as the size of computers continues to decrease, the ability to meet this goal has become more difficult, threatening to reach a plateau. Due to the difficulty in reducing the size of computers because of size limitations of transistors and integrated circuits, wetware provides an unconventional alternative. A wetware computer composed of neurons is an ideal concept because, unlike conventional materials which operate in binary (on/off), a neuron can shift between thousands of states, constantly altering its chemical conformation, and redirecting electrical pulses through over 200,000 channels in any of its many synaptic connections. Because of this large difference in the possible settings for any one neuron, compared to the binary limitations of conventional computers, the space limitations are far fewer.

Background
The concept of wetware is distinct and unconventional and draws slight resonance with both hardware and software from conventional computers. While hardware is understood as the physical architecture of traditional computational devices, built from electrical circuitry and silicone plates, software represents the encoded architecture of storage and instructions. Wetware is a separate concept that uses the formation of organic molecules, mostly complex cellular structures (such as neurons), to create a computational device such as a computer. In wetware, the ideas of hardware and software are intertwined and interdependent. The molecular and chemical composition of the organic or biological structure would represent not only the physical structure of the wetware but also the software, being continually reprogrammed by the discrete shifts in electrical pulses and chemical concentration gradients as the molecules change their structures to communicate signals. The responsiveness of a cell, proteins, and molecules to changing conformations, both within their structures and around them, ties the idea of internal programming and external structure together in a way that is alien to the current model of conventional computer architecture.

The structure of wetware represents a model where the external structure and internal programming are interdependent and unified; meaning that changes to the programming or internal communication between molecules of the device would represent a physical change in the structure. The dynamic nature of wetware borrows from the function of complex cellular structures in biological organisms. The combination of “hardware” and “software” into one dynamic, and interdependent system which uses organic molecules and complexes to create an unconventional model for computational devices is a specific example of applied biorobotics.

The cell as a model of wetware
Cells in many ways can be seen as their form of naturally occurring wetware, similar to the concept that the human brain is the preexisting model system for complex wetware. In his book Wetware: A Computer in Every Living Cell (2009) Dennis Bray explains his theory that cells, which are the most basic form of life, are just a highly complex computational structure, like a computer. To simplify one of his arguments a cell can be seen as a type of computer, using its structured architecture. In this architecture, much like a traditional computer, many smaller components operate in tandem to receive input, process the information, and compute an output. In an overly simplified, non-technical analysis, cellular function can be broken into the following components: Information and instructions for execution are stored as DNA in the cell, RNA acts as a source for distinctly encoded input, processed by ribosomes and other transcription factors to access and process the DNA and to output a protein. Bray's argument in favor of viewing cells and cellular structures as models of natural computational devices is important when considering the more applied theories of wetware to biorobotics.

Biorobotics
Wetware and biorobotics are closely related concepts, which both borrow from similar overall principles. A biorobotic structure can be defined as a system modeled from a preexisting organic complex or model such as cells (neurons) or more complex structures like organs (brain) or whole organisms. Unlike wetware, the concept of biorobotics is not always a system composed of organic molecules, but instead could be composed of conventional material which is designed and assembled in a structure similar or derived from a biological model. Biorobotics have many applications and are used to address the challenges of conventional computer architecture. Conceptually, designing a program, robot, or computational device after a preexisting biological model such as a cell, or even a whole organism, provides the engineer or programmer the benefits of incorporating into the structure the evolutionary advantages of the model.

Basic neurocomputer composed of leech neurons
In 1999 William Ditto and his team of researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University created a basic form of a wetware computer capable of simple addition by harnessing leech neurons. Leeches were used as a model organism due to the large size of their neuron, and the ease associated with their collection and manipulation. However, these results have never been published in a peer-reviewed journal, prompting questions about the validity of the claims. The computer was able to complete basic addition through electrical probes inserted into the neuron. The manipulation of electrical currents through neurons was not a trivial accomplishment, however. Unlike conventional computer architecture, which is based on the binary on/off states, neurons are capable of existing in thousands of states and communicate with each other through synaptic connections which each containing over 200,000 channels. Each can be dynamically shifted in a process called self-organization to constantly form and reform new connections. A conventional computer program called the dynamic clamp ,was capable of reading the electrical pulses from the neurons in real time and interpreting them was written by Eve Marder, a neurobiologist at Brandeis University. This program was used to manipulate the electrical signals being input into the neurons to represent numbers and to communicate with each other to return the sum. While this computer is a very basic example of a wetware structure it represents a small example with fewer neurons than found in a more complex organ. It is thought by Ditto that by increasing the number of neurons present the chaotic signals sent between them will self-organize into a more structured pattern, such as the regulation of heart neurons into a constant heartbeat found in humans and other living organisms.

Biological models for conventional computing
After his work creating a basic computer from leech neurons, Ditto continued to work not only with organic molecules and wetware but also on the concept of applying the chaotic nature of biological systems and organic molecules to conventional material and logic gates. Chaotic systems have advantages for generating patterns and computing higher-order functions like memory, arithmetic logic, and input/output operations. In his article Construction of a Chaotic Computer Chip Ditto discusses the advantages in programming of using chaotic systems, with their greater sensitivity to respond and reconfigure logic gates in his conceptual chaotic chip. The main difference between a chaotic computer chip and a conventional computer chip is the reconfigurability of the chaotic system. Unlike a traditional computer chip, where a programmable gate array element must be reconfigured through the switching of many single-purpose logic gates, a chaotic chip can reconfigure all logic gates through the control of the pattern generated by the non-linear chaotic element.

Impact of wetware in cognitive biology
Cognitive biology evaluates cognition as a basic biological function. W. Tecumseh Fitch, a professor of cognitive biology at the University of Vienna, is a leading theorist on ideas of cellular intentionality. The idea is that not only do whole organisms have a sense of "aboutness" of intentionality, but that single cells also carry a sense of intentionality through cells' ability to adapt and reorganize in response to certain stimuli. Fitch discusses the idea of nano-intentionality, specifically in regards to neurons, in their ability to adjust rearrangements to create neural networks. He discusses the ability of cells such as neurons to respond independently to stimuli such as damage to be what he considers "intrinsic intentionality" in cells, explaining that "while at a vastly simpler level than intentionality at the human cognitive level, I propose that this basic capacity of living things [response to stimuli] provides the necessary building blocks for cognition and higher-order intentionality." Fitch describes the value of his research to specific areas of computer science such as artificial intelligence and computer architecture. He states "If a researcher aims to make a conscious machine, doing it with rigid switches (whether vacuum tubes or static silicon chips) is barking up the wrong tree." Fitch believes that an important aspect of the development of areas such as artificial intelligence is wetware with nano-intentionally, and autonomous ability to adapt and restructure itself.

In a review of the above-mentioned research conducted by Fitch, Daniel Dennett, a professor at Tufts University, discusses the importance of the distinction between the concept of hardware and software when evaluating the idea of wetware and organic material such as neurons. Dennett discusses the value of observing the human brain as a preexisting example of wetware. He sees the brain as having "the competence of a silicon computer to take on an unlimited variety of temporary cognitive roles." Dennett disagrees with Fitch on certain areas, such as the relationship of software/hardware versus wetware, and what a machine with wetware might be capable of. Dennett highlights the importance of additional research into human cognition to better understand the intrinsic mechanisms by which the human brain can operate, to better create an organic computer.

Medical applications
Brain-on-a-chip devices have been developed that are "aimed at testing and predicting the effects of biological and chemical agents, disease or pharmaceutical drugs on the brain over time". Wetware computers may be useful for research about brain diseases and brain health/capacities (for testing therapies targeting the brain), for drug discovery, for testing genome edits and research about brain aging.

Ethical and philosophical implications
Wetware computers may have substantial ethical implications, for instance related to possible potentials to sentience and suffering and dual-use technology.

Moreover, in some cases the human brain itself may be connected as a kind of "wetware" to other information technology systems which may also have large social and ethical implications, including issues related to intimate access to people's brains. For example, in 2021 Chile became the first country to approve neurolaw that establishes rights to personal identity, free will and mental privacy.

The concept of artificial insects may raise substantial ethical questions, including questions related to the decline in insect populations.

It is an open question whether human cerebral organoids could develop a degree or form of consciousness. Whether or how it could acquire its moral status with related rights and limits may also be potential future questions. There is research on how consciousness could be detected. As cerebral organoids may acquire human brain-like neural function subjective experience and consciousness may be feasible. Moreover, it may be possible that they acquire such upon transplantation into animals. A study notes that it may, in various cases, be morally permissible "to create self-conscious animals by engrafting human cerebral organoids, but in the case, the moral status of such animals should be carefully considered".

Future applications
While there have been few major developments in the creation of an organic computer since the neuron-based calculator developed by Ditto in the 1990s, research continues to push the field forward, and in 2023 a functioning computer was constructed by researchers at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign using 80,000 mouse neurons as processor that can detect light and electrical signals. Projects such as the modeling of chaotic pathways in silicon chips by Ditto have made discoveries in ways of organizing traditional silicon chips and structuring computer architecture to be more efficient and better structured. Ideas emerging from the field of cognitive biology also help to continue to push discoveries in ways of structuring systems for artificial intelligence, to better imitate preexisting systems in humans.

In a proposed fungal computer using basidiomycetes, information is represented by spikes of electrical activity, a computation is implemented in a mycelium network, and an interface is realized via fruit bodies.

Connecting cerebral organoids (including computer-like wetware) with other nerve tissues may become feasible in the future, as is the connection of physical artificial neurons (not necessarily organic) and the control of muscle tissue. External modules of biological tissue could trigger parallel trains of stimulation back into the brain. All-organic devices could be advantageous because it could be biocompatible which may allow it to be implanted into the human body. This may enable treatments of certain diseases and injuries to the nervous system.

Prototypes

 * In late 2021, scientists, including two from Cortical Labs, demonstrated that grown brain cells integrated into digital systems can carry out goal-directed tasks with performance-scores. In particular, the human brain cells learned to play a simulated (via electrophysiological stimulation) Pong which they learned faster than known machine intelligence systems, albeit to a lower skill-level than both AI and humans each. Moreover, the study suggests it provides "first empirical evidence" of differences in an information-processing capacity between neurons from different species as the human brain cells performed better than mouse cells.
 * Also in December 2021, researchers from Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research reported the development of organic low-power neuromorphic electronics which they built into a robot, enabling it to learn sensorimotorically within the real world, rather than via simulations. For the chip, polymers were used and coated with an ion-rich gel to enable the material to carry an electric charge like real neurons.
 * In 2022, researchers from the Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, demonstrated an artificial spiking neuron based on polymers that operates in the biological wetware, enabling synergetic operation between the artificial and biological components.

Companies active in wetware computing
Three companies are focusing specifically on wetware computing using living neurons:

 * FinalSpark, Switzerland, founded in 2014
 * Koniku, USA, founded in 2015
 * Cortical Labs, Australia, founded in 2020

title: Wetware computer


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Talk:Steve Englehart

WikiProject Comics B-Class Assesment required
This article needs the B-Class checklist filled in to remain a B-Class article for the Comics WikiProject. If the checklist is not filled in by 7th August this article will be re-assessed as C-Class. The checklist should be filled out referencing the guidance given at Version 1.0 Editorial Team/Assessment/B-Class criteria. For further details please contact the Comics WikiProject. Comics-awb (talk) 17:35, 31 July 2008 (UTC)

C-Class rated for Comics Project
As this B-Class article has yet to receive a review, it has been rated as C-Class. If you disagree and would like to request an assesment, please visit WikiProject_Comics/Assessment and list the article. Hiding T 14:32, 24 February 2009 (UTC)

Removal of sales claims about Englehart's Captain America run.
I'm going to recommend that this statement by Sal Buscema and its summarizing gloss be removed from the Steve Englehart page:

"The Englehart/Sal Buscema run on the Captain America title saw the series become one of Marvel's top-sellers." [33] based on statement "When Steve and I [Sal Buscema] got on the book...if I remember correctly, the book hit #5 in sales. It really shot up the charts."

This is at odds with the publicly reported sales of Captain America and other Marvel titles during this time period. According to the Statements of Ownership Marvel published for 1972 (for the year prior to the Englehart run) and 1973, 1974, and 1975, which encompass the Englehart issues, the average monthly sales (AMS) for the title were more or less unchanged. In 1972, the AMS was 178,193. In 1973 (covering Englehart's first 12 issues), it was 175,738. In 1974, it was 182,430. In 1975, it was 180,156. As can be seen, the sales for the first year after Englehart took over actually dropped slightly.

Further, in 1973, Marvel publicly reported sales of eight titles: Amazing Spider-Man, Avengers, Captain America, Daredevil, Fantastic Four, Incredible Hulk, Sgt. Fury, and Thor. Captain America ranked seventh among the eight.

Links for all this data can be provided upon request.

I emphasize I am not calling for the inclusion of the sales data on the page. I am simply arguing for the removal of demonstrably erroneous information, which is based on a decades-after-the fact recollection in an interview by an individual who would only have had hearsay knowledge of the situation. (Artists at Marvel were not provided sales reports of their comics until the early 1980s.) If I am not following editing protocol, I ask to please be shown the protocol that gets the false information off the page. I don't think anyone wants to see the protocol used to shield the inclusion of bad information and maintaining a false narrative.

107.219.142.161 (talk) 14:05, 1 January 2017 (UTC)

 * First, we need a cite, preferably a link, to the publicly reported sales data. Citing each individual statement of ownership and drawing a conclusion is disallowed as synthesizing an argument using self-gathered data. There are reasons for why "SYNTH," as it's called, is disallowed, and you can find the guideline as well as essays on Wikipedia that go into it in detail. One part of it involves POV interpretation: One quoted says, with qualification, that he believes it was #5 in sales. Your information says #7 among at least a couple dozen Marvel titles at the time. That still sounds like a high seller. Additionally, nothing in your post mentions Sal Buscema.

 * I'm not saying there are not ways to address this. But you're going about it in ways that go against policy that has been arrived at over the course of years of experience.

 * Let's start with basic facts: What are the issue numbers, and which have the Englehart-Buscema team? --Tenebrae (talk) 17:38, 1 January 2017 (UTC)

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Mention of McFarlane's status as "superstar"
I very regretfully reverted my good colleague User:Nightscream, who I believe to be one of WikiProject Comics' best editors. I don't believe in all the years we've edited here that I have ever done so with him before. I want to make clear that I respect him and his work and know absolutely that he operates in good faith and for the best interest of Wikipedia.

There are two issues, I believe. First is a simple matter of saying the same thing in two different ways, one of which I find wordier than the other: Reverted version: My version:
 * He would later collaborate with Chas Truog and then a young artist, fresh out of college named Todd McFarlane. The work for which Englehart hired the latter was the first professional comics work for McFarlane
 * He would later collaborate with Chas Truog and Todd McFarlane, whose first professional comic-book work was with Englehart.

The second issue is what I believe to a tangential and hyperbolic passage re: McFarlane.
 * who could go on to be an industry superstar. [Note: I think "could" was meant to be "would", but that's just a typo.]

My feeling is that McFarlane is blue-linked for anyone wanting information about him. One could argue that some phrase needs to be here for both Trugg and McFarlane to explain why they're being singled out, and I'm hoping that can be the basis for compromise phrasing.

The word "superstar" is hyperbolic and, I believe, non-encyclopedic tone. If an argument is to be made that it's a characterization by a particular person, then I think we need to say something like, "...whom The Comics Journal publisher Gary Groth called 'an industry superstar' ", or something along those lines.

As a separate issue, I'm not sure that for every director or casting director who gave Meryl Streep or Jennifer Lawrence their first break that we would say that Streep or Lawrence would "go on to be a a superstar" or "an industry superstar" or "a cinema superstar." --Tenebrae (talk) 14:58, 28 April 2017 (UTC)

 * Yes, the passage was meant to say "would".

 * It's not hyperbolic. Wikipedia's definition of superstar is a celebrity who has great popular appeal and is widely known, prominent or successful in some field. Random House's is "a person, as a performer or athlete, who enjoys wide recognition, is esteemed for exceptional talent, and is eagerly sought after for his or her services." McFarlane IS a superstar, as he achieved a level of popularity in the 1990s that only Jim Lee and Rob Liefeld approached, and given sales of Spider-Man #1 and Spawn #1, did not exceed. His success with Image is unparalleled by any other comics creator, and that's an easily measurable fact. Groth, therefore, who is generally not kind to mainstream comics, including that which is produced by companies like Image (in particular during its early years), is not expressing a personal sense of taste, any more than I am. (I personally do not read Spawn, and didn't care for his writing on Spider-Man, much less his attitude toward the work that real writers do, his crabbing about censorship of violence in Spider-Man, or his hypocrisy in treating creators on his books like Neil Gaiman in a way that was hardly consistent with the pro-creator rights philosophy he espoused during Image's early days.) He's just making an observation about McFarlane's popularity and success. The fact that Groth is so typically critical of mainstream comics says something when he is objective and dispassionate enough to concede this status of someone like McFarlane.

 * It should also be noted that the term is also used to describe not merely a value judgment of his work, but the type of overall popularity and influence held by artists such as McFarlane and his colleagues during the 1990s, as indicated by this story at Heidi MacDonald's website Comics Beat, and the 2013 book Comics for Film, Games, and Animation: Using Comics to Construct Your Transmedia Storyworld, to point out examples. This is qualitatively distinct to how the term is bandied about in the film industry, where it is applied to any A-List performer. The very fact that comics creators typically do not achieve the level of financial success, popularity or clout that a small group of artists did in the 1990s, is why the term's use on the latter group is far more discriminate, and distinct from its use in the film industry, a point underscored by the fact that the aforementioned sources specify how that status was bestowed upon such creators in the 1990s, and as the Comics Beat story points out, generally not any more. This is not the case with how the film industry continues to use that term. The issue, therefore, is not whether there are citations for the word being used for Meryl Streep or Jennifer Lawrence. The issue is how many sources not using promotional wording to fulfill a promotional motive will be found using that term to describe ChrisCross, Chuck Austen, Roger Cruz, Art Thibert, Mike W. Barr, or any other notable comics creator. The answer to that is simple: Not many.

 * Other sources that have described McFarlane as such include:
 * Comics Alliance
 * The 2013 book American Comic Book Chronicles: The 1980s
 * The Calgary Herald

 * Leaving this bit out, and relegating it to a wikilink is not sufficient, in my opinion, because without making some indication of the level of success McFarlane later achieved, it fails to note why Englehart giving him his first pro work is significant. Without that clarification, you're just saying, "Englehart gave this dude his first work." As a reader, I'd react to that by thinking, "Um, so what? How is that different from all the other creators whose break-in assignment he gave them?" The point to clarify this should be in Englehart's article, not in another one. Wikilinks are made in case a reader develops an interest in that other topic. Wikilinks should never be to clarify a point in the primary article being read, since all significant info should be explained clearly in that article. Nightscream (talk) 17:42, 28 April 2017 (UTC)

 * I understand what you're saying and obviously I agree that McFarlane is hugely notable in the comics industry and somewhat notable in the toy industry, with the caveat that outside of fandom and perhaps the toy trade he's unknown to the general public. That said, I believe it's hyperbolic since, accepting your definitions, we still don't call Meryl Streep a superstar, or Jack Kirby, Stan Lee, Derek Jeter, Paul McCartney, etc. I'm not sure we should be calling McFarlane a "superstar" when we don't do it for virtually anyone else.--Tenebrae (talk) 12:48, 29 April 2017 (UTC)

 * At the risk of assaulting an equine cadaver ( :-) ), the point I made above is that we don't call people outside of comics "superstars" here on WP because outside of comics, the term is used ad nauseam to the point of meaninglessness. We don't call Kirby one because the term is regarded for someone who achieves an immense level of popularity and clout when they're active; Kirby, unfortunately did not achieve that during his most active years, as Stan Lee often got the credit for their comics. In retrospect, maybe it is inappropriate without emphasis on attribution and quotes (..."for which McFarlane has been described as one of the "superstars" of the 1990s..."[1][2][3]) Ultimately, I'm compromised by agreeing with using more descriptive wording to describe McFarlane's success, though that requires more wording, which you indicated you wanted trimmed. Nightscream (talk) 14:33, 3 May 2017 (UTC)

Request for comment

 * The following discussion is closed. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

Which of these two phrases is more encyclopedic: --Tenebrae (talk) 13:33, 3 May 2017 (UTC)
 * A. He would later collaborate with Chas Truog and also hired a young artist, fresh out of college named Todd McFarlane, giving him his first professional comics work.
 * B He would later collaborate with Todd McFarlane on the recent college graduate's first professional comic-book work.

 * B I believe "fresh out of college" is more casual and conversational than "recent college graduate". B is also less wordy. I believe there's no reason to include the non-notable Chas Truog. And a writer cannot give work to an artist — only an editor or a publisher can do that. --Tenebrae (talk) 13:33, 3 May 2017 (UTC)

Neither of the two phrases represents what I think is a version that expresses the relevant point: The Steve Englehart was the one who gave McFarlane his first professional comics work. Contrary to the message you left me on my tp, Tenebrae, in which you referred to McFarlane's eventual mega-success as "the more pertinent part of [Nightscream's] edit in this section", the fact of Englehart being the first to hire McFarlane is actually the whole point of mentioning it. Saying that he just "collaborated" with him removes this point entirely, since lots of people "collaborated" with him, from David Michelinie to Peter David to Mike W. Barr, etc. Nightscream (talk) 14:04, 3 May 2017 (UTC)

 * Hi, Night. Maybe a clarification can help. Did Englehart pay McFarlane? I'm trying to confirm whether Englehart hired him or merely suggested him to the editor who hired him. --Tenebrae (talk) 21:50, 3 May 2017 (UTC)
 * Coyote was part of the Epic Comics line, which was all creator-owned. That means it would have been up to Englehart whether McFarlane could work on it or not. I'm not sure exactly how the paychecks were cut, but I suspect that Marvel paid McFarlane directly based on whatever deal Engelhart arranged. Argento Surfer (talk) 13:20, 4 May 2017 (UTC)
 * B sounds better than A, but I think stating the exact year (1984) would be preferable to later. Argento Surfer (talk) 13:20, 4 May 2017 (UTC)

 * Without giving too much detail, I and a penciler co-owned a project involved with the Epic line and Marvel chose an inker and paid the person. --Tenebrae (talk) 14:32, 4 May 2017 (UTC)
 * So I guess what we need to find out is exactly what occurred. Perhaps Englehart recommended McFarlane and Marvel/Epic agreed? If so, perhaps phrasing to that effect would be more accurate than "hired"? We need more facts. --Tenebrae (talk) 14:39, 4 May 2017 (UTC)
 * I'm currently reading Marvel Comics: The Untold Story, and I'm in the mid-80s section. I'll let you know if it's discussed in clear detail. Does this or this have anything useful? I can't view them through my employer's internet filter. Argento Surfer (talk) 15:01, 4 May 2017 (UTC)

 * This all Englehart says at the first link:
 * 11: SLASH™, with art by Todd McFarlane, ran as a backup story. It was Todd's first pro work.
 * 12-14: SCORPIO ROSE™, with art by Todd McFarlane, ran as a backup series.
 * The second article ("Todd McFarlane (Still) Answers to No One" by Abraham Riesman, March 12, 2017) does not mention Englehart, Eclipse, Slash or first pro work.--Tenebrae (talk) 15:41, 4 May 2017 (UTC)
 * Well, I'm up to 1989 in my book, and McFarlane hasn't been mentioned yet. Argento Surfer (talk) 15:44, 5 May 2017 (UTC)

 * B. What a previous commenter was getting at when he said the second "sounds" better than the first is this: A. is full of grammatical errors. I spot at least five. The acutal, factual content is up for debate. Best, Liam Gibson (talk) 13:00, 5 May 2017 (UTC)
 * B sounds better and more encyclopedic than A l. Also A is full of grammatical mistakes. Finally I don't think it is necessary to mention Chas Tuprg
 * B - Summoned by bot. Without a doubt B. I don't understand why this is even an RfC. A uses poor grammar. Meatsgains (talk) 14:19, 11 May 2017 (UTC)
 * B sounds better. If there's something wrong with it factually, that can be corrected, of course. NinjaRobotPirate (talk) 05:02, 19 May 2017 (UTC)
 * B like everyone says sounds better. A has what seems to be two unrelated events but still focuses mostly on McFarlane. WikiVirusC (talk) 12:15, 24 May 2017 (UTC)

 * The discussion above is closed. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

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Better photo?
It was taken around the same time, but File:Steve Englehart (53632649869).jpg is a more direct-on shot. I think it should be the photo we use, but I won't change it without discussing it first. Packer1028 (talk) 08:57, 27 May 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Steve Englehart


text:
Talk:Mike Epps

Untitled
Tall, African-American Indiana native Mike Epps found fame as a touring stand-up with Def Comedy Jam but left the circuit for Los Angeles when given a chance at starring opposite Ice Cube in the highly-anticipated sequel "Next Friday" (2000). A troublemaking class clown who admitted to spending four months in a juvenile center after a prank involving super glue, Epps successfully attempted stand-up in Indiana, took his comedy to Atlanta and was soon honing his skills in the clubs of New York City, where he was spotted and welcomed into the Def Comedy Jam family. With a stop along the way to appear in actor Vin Diesel's directorial debut "Strays" (1996), Epps was well on his way to becoming one of the bigger names in stand-up.

He appeared in a 1999 episode of "The Sopranos" in 1999, the same year the uncommonly handsome comedian learned that Ice Cube was soon to cast his co-star (effectively, Chris Tucker's replacement) in the "Friday" sequel "Next Friday". Epps headed for Los Angeles, where he invited Ice Cube to catch his stand-up set. Impressed, the rapper-actor-producer asked Epps to try out for the part of Day-Day, which he landed after weeks of auditions. Opening at Number One on the box-office charts, "Next Friday" was a breakthrough for the new actor, who was already familiar to much of the audience from his stand-up work, but still had a hard time winning over those expecting a Chris Tucker clone despite his consistent, though often improvised, performance. Epps' played down his good looks to play the ineffectual Day-Day, a smoked-out loser stalked by his obsessive ex-girlfriend (Tamala Jones) and her brutish younger sister (Lady of Rage). Later that year, he had a cameo in DJ Pooh's "3 Strikes" and supported Jamie Foxx in the action comedy "Bait".

Epps began 2001 with a voice role in the family comedy "Dr. Dolittle 2" and finished the year with a featured role as comical pimp Baby Powder in "How High", starring hip-hop artists Redman and Method Man, the Cheech and Chong of the new millennium. Epps played the bumbling thief to Ice Cube's bounty hunter in the action comedy "All About the Benjamins" and again rejoined the rapper-actor-filmmaker in the continuing "Friday" saga's latest entry "Friday After Next" (both 2002). After turns in the uneven musical comedy, “The Fighting Temptations” (2003) and the dreadful horror sequel, “Resident Evil: Apocalypse” (2004), Epps played Ed Norton to Cedric the Entertainer’s Ralph Kramden in the rehash of the famed 1950’s sitcom, “The Honeymooners” (2005). Though promising a fresh take on an oldie-but-goodie, the movie was blasted by critics who complained about a lack of chemistry between characters, a subservient bow to political correctness—particularly with Kramden’s famous threat to send Alice to the moon—and a dearth of laughs despite overwhelming comedic talent.

Born: in Indianapolis, IndianaJob Titles: Actor, ComedianFamily Father: Thomas Epps. Milestones 1995 Began touring the Def Comedy Jam circuit 1996 Featured in actor Vin Diesel's directorial debut "Strays" 1999 Guested on an episode of "The Sopranos" (HBO) 1999 Relocated to Los Angeles to pursue film career; offered an audition for "Next Friday" after producer and star Ice Cube saw his stand-up 2000 Appeared in the Jamie Foxx actioner "Bait" 2000 Had a cameo in "3 Strikes" 2000 Starred as Day-Day, Ice Cube's emasculated cousin in the comedy sequel "Next Friday"; improvised much of his performance 2001 Featured in the Harvard-set, marijuana-fueled comedy "How High" alongside rappers Method Man and Redman 2001 Lent his voice to a character in "Dr. Dolittle 2" 2002 Reteamed with Ice Cube in the action comedy "All About the Benjamins" 2002 Third collaboration with Ice Cube, co-starring in the sequel "Friday After Next" 2003 Co-starred in the comedy "The Fighting Temptations" 2005 Cast as Ed Norton in the big-screen remake of "The Honeymooners" 2006 Cast in the romantic comedy "Something New" 2007 Co-starred with Don Cheadle and Cedric The Entertainer in "Talk To Me" First tried stand-up at a talent competition in his native Indiana Moved to Atlanta, where he became a regular performer at the Comedy Act Theater Raised in Gary, Indiana Served four months in a juvenile center for gluing a classmate's hands together he was also seen in a music video by Angie Stone "baby" —Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.189.95.43 (talk) 22:19, 28 September 2007 (UTC)

Mike epps has also made a song--24.7.91.16 (talk) 22:40, 27 December 2008 (UTC)

Resident Evil 4?
There is isn't a Resident Evil 4 movie out, not yet at least. Could someone correct this? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 97.85.67.93 (talk) 15:13, 18 August 2009 (UTC)

Stand Up Comedy
The stand up comedy section needs to be changed, as it contains virtually no recording of his stand up comedy exploits. TheHappiestCritic (talk) 07:32, 21 October 2011 (UTC)

Movie Career
Fixed this by adding a Movie Career section. TheHappiestCritic (talk) 07:37, 21 October 2011 (UTC)

Is he related?
Is he related to Omar Epps?TacfuJecan (talk) 22:33, 21 June 2014 (UTC)

External links modified
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title: Talk:Mike Epps


text:
Talk:Carl Erskine

Trivia Section Correction
There is a mistake regarding Carl Erskine.

Allow me to cite a forgotten poem:

"Turn back the hands of time, Oh where, oh where was Clem Labine, Give me the lead that once was mine, Let's do it all over again."

The poem was about Bobby Thompson's "The Shot Heard 'Round the World" from the Brooklyn Dodger perspective, in that Clem Labine (not Carl Erskine) was warming up in the Dodger bullpen with the ill-fated Ralph Branca. There was only enough space for two pitchers to warm-up within the cramped confines of Ebbets Field. Given that Clem was "bouncing his curve" according to the (soon to be fired) Brooklyn pitching coach, Ralph Branca got the call. Thus Carl Erskine wasn't warming up in the pen, but probably watching the game from there (which was customary).

The Clem Labine doggerel is a riff on a song Eddie Fisher popularized in 1951, Turn Back the Hands of Time, not the song Tyrone Davis sang, which is a different song with the same name.Iss246 (talk) 16:32, 16 June 2012 (UTC)

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 * @InternetArchiveBot I have some suggestions on the Carl Erskine article. He is still living & very well known in Anderson IN. I just caught the tail end of a local PBS story on him.  This article needs to mention his high school (& graduation date)  and more of his charitable work.  He is the last living member of the Boys of Summer group of Dodgers, according to TV program.  The editors just need to contact the Anderson public library to find these facts, ot to give further info.  look for the TV program. 50.102.23.36 (talk) 20:28, 23 October 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Carl Erskine


text:
Talk:Chad Everett

Year of Birth
If he was 75 years old, he must have been born in 1937, because his date of birth says he was born in June 11 1936. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 207.237.34.211 (talk) 03:09, 25 July 2012 (UTC)

 * There is some controversy surrounding his birth date - I'm trying to avoid being tempted into opening another can of worms - see my post below. However I will try to remember where I saw this info and update later. Albeit27 (talk) 18:21, 28 November 2012 (UTC)

 * FYI for anyone who cares about DOB. I'll have to firm this up later for the article space, but for now - a quote from the Washington Post - "Many reference sources list Mr. Everett’s date of birth as 1936, but legal records indicate he was born one year later. He routinely gave his age as consistent with a birth date in 1937." Source: http://www.washingtonpost.com/entertainment/tv/chad-everett-star-of-tv-drama-medical-center-dies-at-75/2012/07/25/gJQA5aw19W_story.html Tons of confusion amongst major and reliable sources. Half say he was 75, the other half say 76. Albeit27 (talk) 00:06, 29 November 2012 (UTC)

 * I have found the above Wash Post ref to be the best and most clear source re: DOB. Does anyone mind if I change it to 1937? Albeit27 (talk) 07:57, 30 November 2012 (UTC)

Films
In the Dutch Wikipedia he's mentioned to play in Fever Pitch (1985) — Preceding unsigned comment added by 195.240.98.35 (talk) 12:48, 23 October 2012 (UTC)

Phrasing is too close for comfort
Yeah, I don't enjoy saying this, but the following is copied, word for word (even for the word "ONLY" caps!):
 * In September 1973, actress Sheila Scott had sued Chad Everett in the State of California Everett v Everett to prove paternity of Everett's ONLY son Dale Andre Lee Everett. Chad Everett Ninety-Five Percent Probable To Be Dale's Father June 14, 1984.

Here is the original: Source of orig: http://persona.rin.ru/eng/view/f/0/37958/chad-everett
 * In September 1973, actress Sheila Scott had sued Chad Everett in the State of California Everett v Everett to prove paternity of Everett's ONLY son Dale Andre Lee Everett. Chad Everett Ninety-Five Percent Probable To Be Dale's Father June 14, 1984.

I have attempted to reword those sentences without changing their meaning - therefore this paragraph has become a bit lengthy. Any suggestions or changes are welcome. I just didn't want to wipe out someone else's work. While looking at tons of sources it's become evident to me that the paternity cases were very, very murky and unclear. I am new. Please let me know if I've made any error's. In advance, thanks.Albeit27 (talk) 07:49, 30 November 2012 (UTC)

Info box
I removed that Dale was a child of Everett's (from the info box). Court documents show he is not recognized as being so. The court went so far as to order Scott to stop referring to Everett as her son's father. She was taken to court to cease and desist harrassing and threatening (death threats) Everett and his family in 1991. I realize there was a blood test of some sort, but apparently not the test that matters. Here is just one of the sources clarifying this:

http://law.justia.com/cases/california/calapp3d/150/1053.html

None of his obits mention a son. Here's a link for the Washington Post obit.

http://www.washingtonpost.com/entertainment/tv/chad-everett-star-of-tv-drama-medical-center-dies-at-75/2012/07/25/gJQA5aw19W_story.html Albeit27 (talk) 03:57, 30 November 2012 (UTC)

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Did Chad Everett smoke???
It says that Chad Everett died from lung cancer. Did he smoke?

Sheila Scott abandonment of infant
Came across this reference in the NewYorkTimes reporting in 1973 that a woman named Sheila Scott was charged with abandoning her 5 month old child, Dale at MGM studios with a note stating that the child's father was Chad Everett. See link below for further details.

https://www.nytimes.com/1973/10/30/archives/new-safety-council-head-to-widen-goals-notes-on-people.html 2001:1970:53C6:DF00:C11B:85F7:5EB8:27C9 (talk) 03:37, 20 June 2023 (UTC)

stutter
Chad Everett stutters on talk shows 2601:646:201:57F0:6450:F5F7:ECCD:CB25 (talk) 08:03, 10 June 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Chad Everett


text:
Simeon Bankoff

Simeon Bankoff is a New York City preservation activist. He served as executive director of the Historic Districts Council, a New York City, USA, not-for-profit organization, from November 2000 through 2021.

During his tenure, he positioned the Historic Districts Council at the forefront of numerous historic preservation campaigns, including the drive to save the formerly industrial neighborhoods of Brooklyn's waterfront, the protection of Lower Manhattan's unprotected historic buildings, fighting out-of-scale development along Central Park and advocating for the preservation of low-density historic neighborhoods in Queens.

He also led HDC's involvement in campaigns to preserve a number of individual buildings, such as the Trylon Theater in Queens, 2 Columbus Circle in Manhattan and the Lady Moody House in Brooklyn. In addition to helping communities throughout the five boroughs, he has also helped HDC promote legislation to help preserve New York's unprotected historic buildings as well as producing regular educational programs on history and preservation in New York City.

Previous to becoming executive director of the Historic Districts Council, Bankoff worked for a number of other historic preservation organizations in New York City, including the Historic House Trust where he worked to acquire 18th and 19th Century farmhouses for the city, and the New York Landmarks Preservation Foundation, where he helped initiate the Cultural Medallions plaque program which commemorate the residences of notable New Yorkers such as Jack Kerouac, Frank O'Hara, George Gershwin and Edna St. Vincent Millay.

A lifelong resident of Brooklyn, Bankoff holds a BA from Sarah Lawrence College and a MS in Historic Preservation from Pratt Institute.

title: Simeon Bankoff


text: Category:Counterfeiters

title: Category:Counterfeiters


text:
Tomás Cámara y Castro

Tomás Cámara y Castro, was a Catholic bishop of Salamanca, Spain.

Biography
Cámara was born at Torrecilla de Cameros, Logroño on September 19, 1847. His father, D. Leonardo Cámara, was a physician in this town.

Cámara studied humanities at Burgos, and at the age of fifteen took the habit of the Augustinians at Valladolid, where he finished his theology and was appointed professor in the college. His activity was inexhaustible, and among the many works which he accomplished during his episcopate were the foundation in Salamanca of the Colegio de Calatrava for the promotion of ecclesiastical courses, the erection of a handsome church to San Juan de Sahagún, patron of the city, and of six smaller churches in other cities.

Cámara was primarily a polemicist and orator. His great learning, extraordinary talents, varied interests, and untiring activity made him one of the most prominent figures of the Spanish episcopate during the 19th century. No great work was undertaken for the Catholic Church in which he did not figure in the foremost rank, in posts of danger and enterprises of the greatest importance, making him beloved by the Catholics and feared by the enemies of the Church. In congresses, assemblies, the Senate, the press, and in every situation where noble and sacred interests were to be safeguarded, he was to be found. His Lenten conferences, preached in 1884 and 1885, were attended by a representative audience of the most distinguished men of letters, politics, sciences, and arts.

Cámara died at Villaharta on May 17, 1904.

Works
Cámara was a prolific author. His writings include:
 * Contestación á la historia del conflicto entre la religión y la ciencia de Juan Guillermo Draper (3 editions)
 * Vida y escritos del Beato Alonso de Orozco, del Orden de San Agustín, Predicador de Felipe II
 * Conferencias y demás discursos hasta hoy publicados del Ilmo. P. Cámara, Obispo de Salamanca
 * Vida de S. Juan de Sahagún, del Orden de S. Agustín, Patrón de Salamanca
 * La Venerable Sacramento, Vizcondesa de Jorbalán, Fundadora de las Señoras Adoratrices

title: Tomás Cámara y Castro


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Par excellence

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was transwiki. [[smoddy ]] 17:08, 30 August 2005 (UTC)

Par excellence

 * Dicdef. Not sure if there is anything to write other than a dicdef. – Timwi 19:22, 24 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Move to Wiktionary. Fang Aili 19:25, 24 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Transwiki or Delete - Tεx  τ  urε  16:42, 29 August 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
User:Slaphappybanana

The Slaphappybanana was first discovered in 2002 by the ultimate scientists, Chris "The Reevesinator" Reevesinator and Kyle "Big Kat Kyle" Grabenstein. SlapHappyBanana (SHB) is actually a strict cult, in which the closely-monitored members are striving for the total anihilation of right angles. They believe that curves are the way to go. It is very hard to get any information on them; their meetings are always kept very secret, but some information has been found by Drs. Grabenstein and Reevesinator.

title: User:Slaphappybanana


text:
Springfield Interchange

The Springfield Interchange, also known as the Mixing Bowl, is the interchange of Interstate 95, Interstate 395, and Interstate 495 in Springfield, Virginia, outside of Washington, D.C. The interchange is located at exit 57 on the Capital Beltway, exit 170 on I-95, and exit 1 on I-395.

Some people, including many Washington-area media sources, refer to this interchange as the "Mixing Bowl" because, prior to the reconstruction, local and long-distance travelers shared the same lanes and travelers had to merge to the right or left to reach the correct lanes for their destination. The last of this weaving and merging was eliminated on April 21, 2007.

History
The interchange was originally built completed in 1964 as a simple interchange between I-95 and the Capital Beltway.

In 1966, only two years after completion, work to adjust the ramps onto the Shirly Highway began. It was competed in 1968.

After community opposition prevented its construction through the city, a project began in 1974 to reconstruct the interchange. It involved repaceing the semi-directional ramp from I-95 northbound to I-495 westbound with the large 2-lane 35-mph loop ramp. This was competed in 1977, at this point I-95 was shifted to the eastern portion of the Beltway, between Springfield and College Park, Maryland, eliminating the I-495 designation there. Because of this route change, all traffic continuing on I-95 through the Washington area was exiting at Springfield through an interchange not designed for that purpose.

In 1989, the I-95 designation was restored.

Major reconstruction (1999–2007)
By early 1970, there were 150,000 vehicles per day traveling through the intersection. Thirty years later, that number had more than doubled, with the effect that vehicles "traveling along the East Coast's main north–south artery [had to] be funneled through the ordinary exit ramps at Springfield, routinely causing backups several miles long." A study by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration determined the interchange to be the site of 179 crashes between 1993 and 1994—more than any other spot on I-95—and found that the number of ramp accidents was more than double that of any other Beltway interchange. In March 1999, the Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT) began an eight-year, seven-phase reconstruction project, which also involved the reconstruction of the I-95/Route 644 interchange. The project was one of the largest highway construction projects in the U.S., costing $676 million.

Phase 1
Completed 1999

 * Add another lane to southbound Interstate 95.

Phases 2 and 3
Completed November 2001

 * Reconstruct the I-95/Route 644 interchange.
 * Make the I-95 Northbound entry ramp from eastbound Route 644 enter on the right.
 * Reconstruct the Commerce Street bridge.
 * Improve the Amherst Street bridge.
 * Construct a flyover from westbound Route 644 onto I-95 south and therefore demolish the original cloverleaf that served this purpose
 * Add an express bridge for Route 644
 * Make the I-95 North ramp onto Exit 169 separate from I-95
 * Add a cloverleaf ramp from I-95 North onto Route 644 westbound
 * Construct a bridge from eastbound Route 644 onto the I-95 Express Lanes (northbound only).
 * Reconstruct the I-95 Express Lane ramp (southbound only) onto Route 644 westbound.

Phase 4
Completed October 2004

 * Relocate the Outer Loop, eastbound I-495, of Interstate 495 where it crosses I-395, this time making it a higher bridge.
 * Add a two-lane flyover bridge from I-495 West/I-95 South/Capital Beltway Inner Loop, back to I-95 South (even this bridge is sometimes congested during afternoon hours).

Phase 5
Completed May 2004

 * Reconstruct the ramp from I-395 Southbound onto I-495 North/Capital Beltway Inner Loop
 * Widen a small portion of the Capital Beltway northwest of I-395

Phases 6 and 7
Completed July 2007
 * Construct a one-lane flyover connecting I-395 South onto I-95 North/I-495 Outer Loop, opened on October 2, 2005.
 * Construct a flyover connecting I-395 South and I-495 Outer Loop onto the Route 644 exit, opened on October 5, 2005.
 * Construct a two-lane flyover for I-95 North express travelers onto I-495 Outer Loop, opened on January 19, 2006.
 * Construct a three-lane flyover connecting I-95 North onto I-495 Inner Loop and therefore demolish the old cloverleaf ramp serving this purpose, opened on August 24, 2006.
 * Construct a new two-lane bridge, exiting the Beltway from the right lane as opposed to the old ramp that exited on the left, connecting I-495 Outer Loop with I-395 North, opened on March 15, 2007.
 * Separate travelers heading onto I-395 North/I-495/I-95 North from Route 644 westbound by giving them their own lanes and reconstructing the original ramp connecting I-95 North with the Outer Loop. The new ramp allowing these maneuvers opened on April 21, 2007. The ramp to I-395 now joins the main northbound lanes to the north of the previous merge after passing under the Outer Loop; the advantage of this design is that it eliminates the need for traffic taking this route to merge left onto I-395 at the same spot where traffic exiting I-95 onto the flyover ramp to the Inner Loop is required to move right. On the same date that this new ramp opened, the northbound lanes of I-395 were shifted slightly to the right (east) onto a new overpass over the Inner Loop, eliminating a sharp left-right movement over a potholed stretch of pavement that had existed for several years during the construction.
 * Separate travelers from I-495 and I-395 South heading onto Route 644 by giving their own lanes, completed in mid-2007. The two-lane ramp from the Outer Loop (I-495 East) to I-95 South opened on December 15, 2006. Workers planned to open the ramp on December 6, but between December 6 and 15, the 5:00-9:00 temperature was below 45 °F (about 7 °C), preventing the lane markings from sticking. The original ramp from the Outer Loop to I-95 South was temporarily closed when this new ramp opened to allow for sound wall work. The old ramp reopened in late May 2007 and is signed to carry traffic from the Outer Loop to westbound Route 644 (Old Keene Mill Road). Signs direct Outer Loop traffic heading to eastbound Route 644 (Franconia Road) to use the new ramp opened in 2006. The remaining lanes on the ramps to Route 644 from the Inner Loop and from southbound I-395 opened at the same time as the reopening of the original Outer Loop ramp (now signed as Exit 169B). Contrary to original indications, no barrier separates westbound and eastbound traffic; rather, the design is intended to eliminate the need for drivers to change lanes to reach the proper ramps for their destination.

Upon completion, The Washington Post noted: "The project began in 1994 with a budget of $241 million. By 2002, it had nearly tripled, to $676 million, and a federal audit found that VDOT had underestimated costs and mismanaged funds. As recently as [2005], the project was months behind schedule, and managers predicted that it would not be completed on time. But VDOT officials pressured the primary contractor, including issuing a formal default letter, and work was put back on schedule without adding costs."

The project was completed on time in July 2007. The new interchange has 50 ramps and bridges, is 24 lanes at its widest point, and has a capacity of 500,000 vehicles per day.

Phase 8
Phase 8 involved the construction of ramps connecting Shirley Highway's reversible center carriageway (HOV lanes) to the Capital Beltway. It was originally planned to be part of the Springfield Interchange Project but, due to cost overruns, was moved to the future Capital Beltway widening project, which was to include HOV lanes on the Capital Beltway. Phase 8 was subsequently deferred when the Beltway widening was delayed. Phase 8 was eventually constructed as part of the I-495 Express Lanes (high-occupancy/toll lanes) project and the Phase 8 ramps opened to traffic on November 17, 2012.

Other improvements
To aid commuters during construction, VDOT added 5,000 park-and-ride spaces, created a vanpool program, increased safety patrols to clear breakdowns, created a project web site, and distributed notifications of lane closures via an email list. VDOT also maintained a storefront office in the Springfield Mall.

Earlier uses of the "Mixing Bowl" name
The term "Mixing Bowl" was previously used to refer to the interchange between I-395 and State Route 27 in Arlington, near the Pentagon and Arlington National Cemetery; this interchange, like the Springfield one, contains a large number of lanes and ramps. However, most news reports on the Springfield Interchange refer to it as the "Mixing Bowl", and the term has become generally accepted. The other interchange is now known as the Pentagon road network.

title: Springfield Interchange


text:
Talk:Ben Is Dead

.

Baphomette keeps trying to block edits on this article. (Check his/her contributions, they're all for this article.) I really don't understand what this person's issue is... —Preceding unsigned comment added by 159.83.54.1 (talk) 20:48, 2 April 2009 (UTC)

 * I have undone/corrected revisions to this article that were either altogether wrong, strictly conjecture or unnecessary - the latter being the case with the edits made by 159.83.54.1. The words "suicide" and "kinky" have no particular relevance to the subject of this article, so there really isn't a point for their linkage. Additionally,  was nothing more than intentional overlinkage, as they, themselves, state in the revision's comment:

 * +enough linkage to choke a horse, are you man enough to revert, come on, are you?

 * Baphomette (talk) 04:34, 8 April 2009 (UTC)

 * Oh, I guess you were! Some of those links were valid, but you just had to revert all of them. I'm fine surrendering this article to you, being that you are likely to exercise control over this article regardless of what anyone else does. I'll make it a point not to work on this article anymore. I'm not taking my ball and going home, I just don't see how I can work with you.159.83.54.1 (talk) 21:54, 17 April 2009 (UTC)

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Medalist

A medalist (or medallist) is an artist who designs medals, plaquettes, badges, metal medallions, coins and similar small works in relief in metal. Historically, medalists were typically also involved in producing their designs, and were usually either sculptors or goldsmiths by background. In modern times, medalists are mostly primarily sculptors of larger works, but in the past the number of medals and coins produced were sufficient to support specialists who spent most of their career producing them. From the 19th century, the education of a medalist often began with time as an engraver, or a formal education in an academy, particularly modeling and portraiture. On coins, a mark or symbol signifying the medalist as the original designer was often included in a hidden location and is not to be mistaken for the symbol of the mint master. Artistic medals and plaquettes are often signed prominently by the artist.

Background
Artistic medals have been produced since the late Renaissance period, and, after some classical precedents and Late Medieval revivals, the form was essentially invented by Pisanello, who is credited with the first portrait medal, which has remained a very popular type. He cast them like bronze sculptures, rather than minting them like coins.

Medalists are also often confusingly referred to as "engravers" in reference works, referring to the "engraving" of dies, although this is often in fact not the technique used; however many also worked in engraving, the technique in printmaking.

The production of coins is accomplished through the use of either a die for minting coins by hammering or, in modern times, milling or, mostly in prehistoric times and also in Asia, a mold for casting the desired object. Artistic medals and plaquettes have mostly been produced by lost wax casting.

The design for the coin faces were originally engraved into the coin dies. It was necessary to use a burin to engrave the designs directly into the die inverted (i.e. raised areas of finished coin were hollowed out on the die) and as a mirror image so that the finished coin appeared correct. This resulted in the early medalists being called steel-chiselers. Medalists who were contracted by the state to produce the coins and medallions for the mint were often given official state titles. In addition to their state contracts, medalists were also allowed to earn income through private commissions for medals.

title: Medalist


text:
Vrapče

Vrapče is a neighborhood of western Zagreb, the capital of Croatia. It is administratively part of the district Podsused—Vrapče. Vrapče consists of Donje Vrapče (lit. Lower Vrapče) and Gornje Vrapče (lit. Upper Vrapče). Gornje Vrapče is an eponymous local administrative unit, while the other is called Vrapče - centar.

The population of Vrapče is not recorded separately from the rest of the district, which has a total population of 45,759. The population of Gornje Vrapče is 4,469, while the population of Vrapče - centar is 7,634.

The football team NK Vrapče plays in this neighbourhood.

title: Vrapče


text:
Talk:Charlie Finley

1964 attempt to move the A's to Louisville
See newspaper coverage at the time from Kansas City and Louisville, and The Encyclopedia of Louisville article on baseball, among other sources.

Fair use rationale for Image:Cof.JPG
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BetacommandBot (talk) 20:15, 13 February 2008 (UTC)

Why does this page come up as result #4 on the first page of google results for "whack job"? It doesn't even contain the phrase. Martinwguy (talk) 18:37, 13 August 2008 (UTC)

The Lafleur trade
Contrary to popular belief, Finley was NOT responsuble for that trade. It occured on May 22, 1970, just after the season ended. Finley did not assume control of the team until June 29 of that year. While he is to blame for the micromanaging style that helped lead to the Seals' last place finish, a trade between the Canadiens and the LA Kings late that season (1970-71) (that gave the Kings Terry Harper assured the Kings, then struggling in last place, would be just good enough to beat out the Seals) is at least as much to blame. Staszu13 (talk) 02:43, 5 June 2009 (UTC)

"Peanuts"...
...mentioned him in 1976: http://www.gocomics.com/peanuts/1976/06/05 A2Kafir (and...?) 05:19, 4 June 2013 (UTC)

Management Philosophy
I seem to remember Finley telling the press (I think 1975 or 76)that he had the three-globe pawnbroker symbol outside his office. "We buy, sell, and trade" as he began dismantling the A's organization leading to its ultimate sale. Humourous witticism worthy of inclusion in the narrative - especially paragraphs about divestiture - if true. Can anyone confirm? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 38.121.16.240 (talk) 07:45, 19 October 2013 (UTC)

"Harvey"
In the "Marketing" section, a mechanical pop-up rabbit that supplied baseballs to the umpire is mentioned. It is also mentioned that its name was "Harvey."

Why no dates on when "Harvey" was used?

Also, why does "Harvey" have a link? And why is the link to the Broadway play Wikipedia entry? If the two ARE related, why is there no text about/explaining the relationship? 2600:8800:50B:6700:C23F:D5FF:FEC5:89B6 (talk) 07:31, 8 August 2016 (UTC)

External links modified
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Talk:Kirk Fogg

http://legends.wikia.com/wiki/Kirk_Fogg could use that — Preceding unsigned comment added by Daiyusha (talk • contribs) 12:04, 3 May 2016 (UTC)

Standalone article
I think this should be a standalone article now rather than a redirect. Fogg has had a career outside of Legends, such as writing/directing/producing two films, wrote a book, and has been the subject of numerous articles primarily about him, such as Kirk Fogg reveals his favorite ‘Legends of the Hidden Temple’ team, [http://www.eonline.com/news/750959/praise-olmec-kirk-fogg-and-his-denim-shirt-join-legends-of-the-hidden-temple-tv-movie-revival Praise Olmec! Kirk Fogg and His Denim Shirt Join Legends of the Hidden Temple TV Movie Revival], 'Legends of the Hidden Temple' Host Talks Movie Adaptation, Show Secrets and Why He Isn't on Twitter (Yet), Throwback Thursday: Legends of the Hidden Temple Host Reveals Secrets from His '90s Game Show – and What He's Doing Now, INTERVIEW: LEGENDS OF THE HIDDEN TEMPLE FINALLY RETURNS TO TV, Whoa, Kirk Fogg Looks Really Different Now, ’90s Nickelodeon Game Show Hosts: Where Are They Now?, KIRK FOGG TO RETURN FOR ‘LEGENDS OF THE HIDDEN TEMPLE’ TV MOVIE among other sources. I think there is enough for a standalone article. Thoughts? Andise1 (talk) 05:53, 23 September 2016 (UTC)

 * The sources you gave are primarily tabloid articles which are poor sources. However, they do establish that he is talked about somewhet. If anything, they lend credence to him belonging on the Legends of the Hidden Temple page as he is relatively unknown outside of that. He has no notability outside of his limited role in that show. The book he wrote doesn't have any notability that I can find. His movie production might be, but articles on each of those movies would need enough notability to have their own Wikipedia pages first. Just keep wp:crystal in mind. Considering that other wikipedia editors havn't come swarming in to make those articles, I would suspect that they arn't notable (yet). Jcmcc (Talk) 09:37, 23 September 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:Kirk Fogg


text:
John Whitehead (explorer)

John Whitehead (30 June 1860 – 2 June 1899) was an English explorer, naturalist and professional collector of natural history specimens in Southeast Asia. He is the first documented person to reach the summit of Mount Kinabalu: this was in 1888, after annual attempts from 1885.

Whitehead was born in Colney Hatch Lane, Muswell Hill, Middlesex to Jeffery Whitehead, a stockbroker, and his wife Jane Ashton Tinker. After education at Elstree, Hertfordshire and the Edinburgh Institution he faced health problems and was sent to recuperate to Engadine in Switzerland in 1881 and then to warm Corsica in 1882 where he discovered a bird new to science, the Corsican nuthatch.

Whitehead travelled in Malacca, North Borneo, Java, and Palawan between 1885 and 1888, where he collected a number of zoological specimens new to science, including 45 new species of bird such as Whitehead's broadbill (Calyptomena whiteheadi), writing up his experiences in a book on his return. Between 1893 and 1896 he explored in the Philippines, again collecting many new species, including the Philippine eagle, the binomial name of which commemorates Whitehead's father Jeffery, who funded his expeditions.

Several species are named after Whitehead:

 * Whitehead's woolly bat Kerivoula whiteheadi
 * Harpy fruit bat Harpyionycteris whiteheadi
 * Whitehead's spiny rat Maxomys whiteheadi
 * Luzon striped rat Chrotomys whiteheadi
 * Tufted pygmy squirrel Exilisciurus whiteheadi
 * Luzon striped rat Chrotomys  whiteheadi
 * Whitehead's Borneo frog - Meristogenys whiteheadi
 * White-winged magpie Urocissa whiteheadi
 * Whitehead's broadbill Calyptomena whiteheadi
 * Whitehead's trogon Harpactes whiteheadi
 * Whitehead's spiderhunter Arachnothera juliae
 * Spotted Wood-owl  Strix seloputo, formerly Surnia whiteheadi
 * Whitehead's swiftlet Collocalia whiteheadi
 * Bornean stubtail Urosphena whiteheadi
 * Chestnut-faced babbler Zosterornis whiteheadi
 * Corsican nuthatch Sitta whiteheadi
 * Hainan silver pheasant Lophura nycthemera whiteheadi

Whitehead intended to return to the Philippines in 1899, but was he was forced to alter his plans because of the Spanish–American War. He instead travelled to the island of Hainan, where he died of fever at port of Hoihow (Haikou).

title: John Whitehead (explorer)


text:
Talk:Bob Friend

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Talk:Dory Funk

A Commons file used on this page has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the nomination page. —Community Tech bot (talk) 20:36, 27 March 2019 (UTC)
 * Dory Funk - Wrestling Revue - October 1973 - cover.jpg

title: Talk:Dory Funk


text:
Mary Butterworth

Mary Peck Butterworth (July 27, 1686 – February 7, 1775) was a counterfeiter in colonial America.

Biography
Born to Joseph and Martha Peck in Rehoboth, Massachusetts, Mary married John Butterworth, son of a British captain in 1710. Mary allegedly started her counterfeiting operation around 1716. According to those who would later testify against her, she used starched cotton cloths to produce counterfeit bills, rather than the metal plates used more commonly in counterfeiting.

Using a slightly dampened piece of starched cloth she was able to lift ink from a genuine bill. With a hot iron, she transferred a pattern from the cloth to a blank paper bill, then inked the pattern by hand with quill pens. The original cotton cloth was easily disposed of through burning, leaving no hard evidence of a crime. Butterworth allegedly organized her counterfeiting operation into a cottage industry, sternly overseeing the work of the entire family. At the height of her operation, she was reportedly selling counterfeit bills at half their face value.

Colonial authorities knew of an extensive counterfeiting ring operating somewhere in the Rhode Island area throughout the later half of the 1710s, and felt it was beginning to have a damaging impact on the entire colonial economy. In 1722 colonial authorities became suspicious of Mary Butterworth after her husband John purchased a large, expensive new home for the family.

On August 14, 1723 a trial was held in Newport, Rhode Island. One Nicholas Campe testified he passed two counterfeit Rhode Island bills he obtained through Butterworth. Two of Butterworth's associates (her brother and his wife) turned state's evidence and also testified against her. Ultimately though, the court dismissed all charges against her for lack of hard evidence. Under the legal code of 1710 in colonial Rhode Island if any of the Butterworth family had been convicted of the crime of counterfeiting they would have faced severe punishment.

[The offender] was to suffer the pains of having their ears cropped, to be whipped or fined at discretion and imprisoned as the nature of the offense requires, and to pay double damage to the persons defrauded. In case the offender had no estate, he should be set at work, or sold for any term of years which the discretion of the judges considered satisfactory.

After the trial, Mrs. Butterworth reportedly gave up counterfeiting. She died in 1775 in Bristol County, Massachusetts, aged 88.

title: Mary Butterworth


text:
User:Stancollins

Hello. I am Stan Collins. I made this page pretty much solely to avoid seeing my name come up in red on edits. :-) Stancollins 19:25, 24 August 2005 (UTC)

title: User:Stancollins


text:
King James Only Controversy

King James Only Controversy may refer to:
 * King James Only Controversy, a book by theologian James White about the controversy over the King-James-Only movement.
 * The King-James-Only Movement, a controversy within English speaking Protestant evangelicalism between those who espouse only using the King James Version of the Bible, and those who allow the use of other modern translations of the Bible.

title: King James Only Controversy


text:
In a basket

Food served in a basket, a basket platter or a basket with fries is a sandwich or other main dish that is served on top of a basket of an accompanying foodstuff, usually french fries. The "basket" is usually either made of plastic and lined with paper, or is simply a disposable paperboard box or tray. Sometimes the basket contains other side dishes as well, such as a container of coleslaw or a pickle. This term is common in the Midwestern U.S.

United Kingdom
In the United Kingdom, chicken in a basket, fried chicken on a bed of chips, was a popular dish in pubs and modest restaurants from the late 1960s through the 1970s.

In the 1970s, the dish became so ubiquitous in UK venues offering evening entertainment that the locations became known to musicians and entertainers as the "chicken-in-a-basket circuit".

title: In a basket


text:
Secret Dreams and Forbidden Fire

Secret Dreams and Forbidden Fire is the sixth studio album by Welsh singer Bonnie Tyler, released in April 1986 by CBS/Columbia Records as the follow-up to her fifth studio album, Faster Than the Speed of Night (1983). Three years in the making, Secret Dreams and Forbidden Fire was executive-produced by Jim Steinman, who had produced Tyler's previous album. Seven singles were released from the album, with "Holding Out for a Hero" originally being released two years in advance on the movie soundtrack album Footloose. Tyler's album features collaborations with songwriters and guest artists including Desmond Child and Todd Rundgren.

Secret Dreams and Forbidden Fire received generally mixed reviews, but was still a commercial success, reaching No. 1 on the Norwegian Albums Chart and peaking at No. 24 on the UK charts.

Background and release
Tyler and Steinman had already seen international success with Faster Than the Speed of Night (1983) and its highest charting single "Total Eclipse of the Heart". Steinman wrote four new songs for Secret Dreams and Forbidden Fire, two of which were released as singles. The first song to be released was "Holding Out for a Hero", released in 1984 for the Footloose soundtrack. The other, "Loving You's a Dirty Job but Somebody's Gotta Do It", was released as a collaborative single with Todd Rundgren in 1986.

Steinman recruited a number of other songwriters for the album, including Desmond Child. Steinman told Child that he wanted a song about androgyny. "I want a special song. The verses have to sound like Tina Turner, the B Section has to sound like The Police, U2, or Hall & Oates, and the chorus has to sound like Bruce Springsteen," he continued. Child used the verbal guide to write "If You Were a Woman (and I Was a Man)". He also wrote "Lovers Again".

"Ravishing" was originally written by Steinman as an instrumental track on The Wrestling Album (1985), titled "Hulk Hogan's Theme". Tyler also recorded "Under Suspicion" during the album's recording. It was written by herself, her brother Paul Hopkins, and Peter Oxendale. The song was used as the B-side to "Loving You's a Dirty Job but Somebody's Gotta Do It".

Secret Dreams and Forbidden Fire was released on 7 April in the United States, 21 April in Japan, and May 1986 in Europe.

Critical reception
Secret Dreams and Forbidden Fire received generally mixed reviews from music critics, with much of the criticism being aimed at music producer and hit songwriter Jim Steinman. Steven Wine primarily had criticism toward the length of the tracks, stating that "only Bonnie Tyler's parents would want to listen to her sing the same song for six minutes, but three of the eight tunes on [the album] exceed that span." He went on to describe the album as a "bombastic bore", only complimenting one of Steinman's penned songs, "Ravishing". Tom Ford of Toledo Blade stated that "although Tyler proves able to do some interesting things, she is outdistanced by the tiresome ponderousness of the material," concluding that "the prissy, self-indulgence here is just too much to stand." Paul Speelman of The Age opined that Tyler and Steinman were "deeply entrenched in a rut", and found the music to be excessive. "There are banks of synthesizers, layers of percussion, dramatic electronic gimmickry and huge production: no wonder poor old Bonnie had to yell to be heard above that lot," he said, praising Tyler's voice. "The fact that she manages to salvage at least a few tracks attests to her vocal fortitude." He argued that the album was a case of over-indulgence, noting the eight minute and thirty-five second length of "Rebel Without a Clue".

The album did receive some positive reviews as well. Jerry Spangler of Deseret News described the album as "a fine collection of tunes with good musical variety and a lot of energy." Doug Stone of AllMusic retrospectively stated that the album "depicts a cool portrait of '80s pomposity", but argued that with the album lacking songs like "Faster Than the Speed of Night" and "Total Eclipse of the Heart" from her previous album, Secret Dreams and Forbidden Fire becomes substandard to Faster Than the Speed of Night. David Hiltbrand of People complimented Bonnie Tyler's voice stating that "Tyler's bluesy roar has enough texture to take the gloss off Steinman's heavy pop arrangements", and "Tyler sings only in capital letters and Jim Steinman produces only at a full gallop pace!"

Singles
The album's lead single, "Holding Out for a Hero", had already been released in 1984 as a track on the movie soundtrack album Footloose. Following its initial release, it charted highest in Austria, Canada, Germany and Sweden, peaking at No. 19 in each country, but only No. 96 in the United Kingdom. The song was re-released in 1985 and charted at No. 1 in Ireland and No. 2 in the United Kingdom, where it was certified Silver by the BPI for sales of over 250,000 units.

In 1985, Tyler was recruited by Giorgio Moroder to record "Here She Comes" for the 1984 restoration version of the 1927 German film Metropolis. Following this, "Loving You's a Dirty Job but Somebody's Gotta Do It", a duet with Todd Rundgren, was released as the second single from Secret Dreams and Forbidden Fire; it could not follow the success of "Holding Out for a Hero" or "Here She Comes", but made the Top 10 in Portugal and the Top 40 in Switzerland, France and Belgium.

"If You Were a Woman (And I Was a Man)" was released as the third single in 1986. It was most successful in France, where it peaked at No. 6 and was certified Silver by the SNEP for sales of over 250,000 units. "Band of Gold" was released as the fourth single from the album, and the last to chart, reaching No. 81 in the United Kingdom. The last three single releases – "No Way to Treat a Lady", "Rebel Without a Clue"(made only number 162) and "Lovers Again" – failed to chart worldwide.

Credits and personnel
Credits adapted from AllMusic:

Technical and production

 * Larry Alexander – mixing
 * Nelson Ayres – assistant engineer
 * Roy Bittan – arrangement, associate producer
 * Greg Calbi – mastering
 * Rory Dodd – arrangement, vocal arrangement
 * Neil Dorfsman – mixing
 * Greg Edward – mixing
 * Larry Fast – associate producer, programming
 * Ellen Foley – vocal arrangement
 * John Jansen – associate producer, mastering consultant
 * Don Ketteler – production coordination
 * Tom "Bones" Malone – horn arrangement
 * Sir Arthur Payson – mixing
 * Steve Rinkoff – engineering
 * John Rollo – associate producer, engineering
 * Todd Rundgren – vocal arrangement
 * John Philip Shenale – producer
 * Joe Stefko – drum programming
 * Jim Steinman – arrangement, direction, producer
 * Eric Troyer – vocal arrangement

Instruments
 * Roy Bittan – piano, synthesizer
 * Jimmy Bralower – drums, percussion
 * Michael Brecker – tenor saxophone
 * Hiram Bullock – guitar
 * Steve Buslowe – bass guitar
 * Larry Fast – synthesizer
 * Tom "Bones" Malone – trombone
 * Eddie Martinez – guitar
 * Sid McGinnis – guitar
 * Lenny Pickett – saxophone
 * Jim Pugh – trombone
 * Alan Rubin – trumpet
 * John Philip Shenale – synthesizer
 * Sterling Smith – drums, piano, synthesizer
 * Lew Soloff – trumpet
 * David Taylor – bass trombone
 * Max Weinberg – drums
 * Art Wood – drums

Visuals and imagery
 * Bob Carlos Clarke – concept, photography
 * Rick Haylor – hair stylist
 * Roslav Szaybo – designing

Vocals
 * Bonnie Tyler – vocal
 * Tawatha Agee – background vocal
 * Rory Dodd – background vocal
 * Curtis King – background vocal
 * Cindy Mizelle – background vocal
 * Todd Rundgren – featured artist, background vocal
 * Holly Sherwood – background vocal
 * Eric Troyer – background vocal

title: Secret Dreams and Forbidden Fire


text:
Talk:Message in a bottle (disambiguation)

Untitled
Wouldn't Message in a Bottle (movie) work better than having Message in a bottle and Message in a Bottle? Laundrypowder 19:26, 24 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Done. --Edcolins 20:05, August 24, 2005 (UTC)

Lions Clubs International District 105D project
I feel that this should mention Lions Clubs International Message in a Bottle scheme operating in the UK (at least), and designed to encourage people to keep their personal and medical details on a standard form and in a common location - the fridge. It means amending the intro to e.g. "form of communication whereby a message is sealed in a container to protect it from moisture. One reason for this is where it will later be released into a body of water." Whether this is seen as acceptable when there is no reason for a Wiki page on what is covered fully by www.lions105d.org.uk/projects/miab.html I am not 100% sure; but I feel that as a public service it ought to be allowed as a use of the title. Iph (talk) 16:59, 21 June 2018 (UTC)
 * The Lions Club scheme is already mentioned at the end of the section, Message_in_a_bottle. The present disambiguation page already points to the article, Message in a bottle, so I'm not sure how a more specific link to the section could be proper within Wikipedia especially since the Lions Club procedure doesn't seem to be independently notable or even have a name distinct from "Message in a bottle". —RCraig09 (talk) 17:23, 21 June 2018 (UTC)
 * I've just added generic mention of the Lions Club scheme to the WP:Lede paragraphs of Message in a bottle, to reflect the broadened use of the term beyond its literal meaning of bottled messages released into the ocean. —RCraig09 (talk) 17:48, 21 June 2018 (UTC)


text:
Francis Carroll

Francis Patrick Carroll (9 September 1930 – 14 March 2024) was an Australian archbishop, the fifth Roman Catholic Archbishop of Canberra–Goulburn, serving between 1983 until his retirement in 2006. Prior to his election as archbishop, Carroll served as Bishop of Wagga Wagga between 1968 and 1983. Carroll served as president of the Australian Catholic Bishops Conference between 2000 and 2006. He died in Wagga Wagga on 14 March 2024, at the age of 93.

Early career
Carroll was born in Ganmain, New South Wales, the second of seven children of Patrick and Rose Carroll. He was ordained a priest in 1954 in St Brendan's Church, Ganmain. After service in Griffith and Albury, Carroll was appointed to the role of Assistant Diocesan Inspector of Schools and became Director of Catholic Education for the Diocese of Wagga Wagga in 1965.

Episcopate
In 1968 he was appointed the third Bishop of Wagga Wagga by Pope Paul VI. He was a spiritual director to the Cursillo movement and was a member of the first National Catholic Education Commission (from 1969 to 1971). In 1974, he was appointed to the International Catechetical Commission, an appointment he held for 18 years. He was the Australian representative at the Synod of Bishops on Catechesis in 1977 and was the first chairperson of the National Catholic Education Commission from 1974 to 1978, remaining a member until 1988.

In 1983 he was appointed Archbishop of Canberra – Goulburn with his seat at St Christopher's Cathedral, Manuka, Australian Capital Territory. In 1986, he welcomed John Paul II on his arrival in Australia.

Popularly known as "Father Francis", he served the Church in Canberra for 23 years. The development of Catholic schools in the archdiocese is a significant part of his legacy, in addition to his role in helping to bring about government aid to private schools in Australia.

He was also the first Australian bishop to call a diocesan synod since the Second Vatican Council. It was held in Canberra during 1989 with a subsequent synod in 2004. The synod's recommendations accepted by the archbishop were the formation of a commission for women, a commitment to resource and support the Catholic youth ministry team for a period of five years, the embracing of the concept of encouraging parishes to implement family-based sacramental programs and calling on parishes to consider the employment of pastoral associates possibly in conjunction with neighbouring parishes. However, the synod's proposals were not without their detractors.

In 2001, Carroll signed a decree that reduced the holy days of obligation to Christmas, the Assumption and every Sunday as the days on which Catholics in Australia are obliged to attend Mass.

As president of the Australian Catholic Bishops' Conference he sought to find ways to meet the Church's challenge of a decline in priestly vocations, including considering married priests: "Personally I, and I believe every Bishop, would value very, very highly the gift of celibacy, but I think some would be prepared to look at some relaxation of that discipline if that were to help."

Carroll also advocated for the extension of Australian visas for asylum seekers, particularly from Timor Leste. For over ten years, Carroll sought the creation of a special visa category for the East Timorese asylum seekers, most of whom are active members of the Catholic community and have lived in Australia. While this request was not approved by the Howard government, it triggered the personal intervention of the Minister for Immigration to grant permanent residency status to the asylum seekers where appropriate.

In August 2005, prior to attaining 75 years of age, Carroll submitted his resignation to Benedict XVI, which was accepted the following month, but he continued in the role until his replacement, Mark Coleridge, was appointed in June 2006.

Honours
In 1986, Carroll welcomed Pope John Paul II to Australia during the Pope's visit there. Bob Hawke, Prime Minister of Australia at the time, was in attendance as well. Carroll was awarded the Centenary Medal on 1 January 2001 for "Service to Australian Society through the Roman Catholic Church".

In February 2006, as a result of a public appeal, a scholarship was established to help students attend the Canberra campus of the Australian Catholic University. The Francis Carroll Scholarship provides financial support to students who relocate from rural or regional areas of the Archdiocese of Canberra – Goulburn or the Diocese of Wagga Wagga to undertake an Education course at the Canberra campus. In May 2006, Carroll was awarded the Doctor of the University (Univ.D), honoris causa, the highest honour from the Australian Catholic University. The award recognised Carroll's contribution to Catholic education.

Carroll College Broulee, a Catholic High School on the south coast of NSW, was named after Carroll. The school opened in 1995.

title: Francis Carroll