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Attlee ministry

Clement Attlee was invited by King George VI to form the Attlee ministry in the United Kingdom in July 1945, succeeding Winston Churchill as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. The Labour Party had won a landslide victory at the 1945 general election, and went on to enact policies of what became known as the post-war consensus, including the establishment of the welfare state and the nationalisation of some industries. The government's spell in office was marked by post-war austerity measures, the violent crushing of pro-independence and communist movements in Malaya, the grant of independence to India, the engagement in the Cold War against Soviet Communism as well as the creation of the country's National Health Service (NHS).

Attlee went on to win a narrow majority of five seats at the 1950 general election, forming the second Attlee ministry. Just twenty months after that election, Attlee called a new election for 25 October 1951 in an attempt to gain a larger majority, but was narrowly defeated by the Conservative Party, sending Labour into a 13-year spell in opposition.

Leaders
The Labour Party came to power in the United Kingdom following its unexpected victory in the July 1945 general election. Party leader Clement Attlee became Prime Minister replacing Winston Churchill in late July. Ernest Bevin was Foreign Secretary until shortly before his death in April 1951. Hugh Dalton became Chancellor of the Exchequer, but had to resign in 1947, while James Chuter Ede was Home Secretary for the whole duration of the Attlee ministries' stay in power.

Other notable figures in the government included: Herbert Morrison, Deputy Prime Minister and Leader of the House of Commons, who replaced Bevin as Foreign Secretary in March 1951; Sir Stafford Cripps was initially President of the Board of Trade but replaced Dalton as Chancellor of the Exchequer in 1947; Hugh Gaitskell held several minor posts before replacing Cripps as Chancellor in 1950; Nye Bevan was Minister of Health; Arthur Greenwood was Lord Privy Seal and Paymaster General while future Prime Minister Harold Wilson became the youngest member of the cabinet in the 20th century (at the age of 31) when he was made President of the Board of Trade in 1947. The most notable of the few female members of the government was Ellen Wilkinson, who was Minister of Education until her early death in 1947.

Policies
It was an "age of austerity", as wartime rationing was continued despite the Allied Forces' victory, and was even expanded upon to include bread. Living conditions were poor; instead of expansion, the country's task was to replace the national wealth destroyed or used up during the war. The Great Depression did not return, and full employment was created. Returning veterans were successfully reabsorbed into the postwar society. The Attlee government nationalised about 20% of the economy, including coal, railways, road transport, the Bank of England, civil aviation, electricity and gas, and steel. There was little money for investment to modernise these industries, and control was kept by the government, rather than passed to union members. The Attlee government greatly expanded the welfare state, with the National Health Service Act 1946, which nationalised the hospitals and provided for free universal healthcare. The National Insurance Act 1946 provided sickness and unemployment benefits for adults, plus retirement pensions.

The National Assistance scheme established under the National Assistance Act 1948 (11 & 12 Geo. 6. c. 29) provided for discretionary weekly additions to meet special circumstances like diets and laundry expenses, while at the discretion of the National Assistance Board ‘Exceptional needs grants’ (lump sum payments to meet expenditure arising from special categories of need) were also available. In addition, “Rent was treated as a separate item of requirement: householders would generally receive their net rent in full, whilst non-householders would receive a ‘reasonable share’ of the rent paid by the householder, subject to upper and lower limits.” The National Assistance (Determination of Need) Regulations of 1948 laid down various entitlements to beneficiaries, such as a scale for blind and certain tuberculous patients and provision for applicants in local authority homes. A weekly sum in respect of requirements for rent was allowed, which in the regulations referred to “the weekly rent, or a proportion thereof, appropriate to a week, excluding arrears thereof, and the weekly proportion of outgoings borne by the householder including, in particular, rates, a reasonable allowance towards any necessary expenditure on repairs or insurance, and such portion as is for the time being attributable to interest of any sum payable in respect of (61.) a mortgage debt or heritable security charged on the house in which the householder resides, or on nay interest therein.”

Various disregards were also made under the National Assistance Act 1948, including any death grant paid to a person under the provisions of section twenty-two of the National Insurance Act 1946, any maternity grant to which a woman is entitled under section fourteen of the National Insurance Act 1946, the first ten shillings and sixpence a week of any payment of sick pay received from a friendly society or trade union, the first ten shillings and sixpence a week "of any superannuation payment or superannuation payments in respect of previous service or employment from which the recipient has retired or resigned (whether payable by a former employer or not), not being a payment or payments— (i) on account of a pension under the Old Age Pensions Act, 1936 or under or by virtue of the Widows', Orphans' and Old Age Contributory Pensions Acts, 1936 to 1941, or under any enactment repealed by any of those Acts, or (ii) on account of a retirement pension under the National Insurance Act, 1946," any payment "in respect of retired pay or pension to which section sixteen of the [9 & 10 Geo. 5. c. 32.] Finance Act, 1919, applies, including any payment in respect of a dependants' allowance attached to such a pension," any payment "in respect of a disablement pension awarded under the [2 & 3 Geo. 6. c. 82.] Personal Injuries (Emergency Provisions) Act, 1939, including, an increase in such a pension in respect of dependants," any weekly payment "by way of compensation under any enactment relating to workmen's compensation," any payment "by way of disablement benefit under section twelve of the National Insurance (Industrial Injuries) Act, 1946."

More council housing was built, and plans were made through the New Towns Act 1946 (9 & 10 Geo. 6. c. 68) for the growth of suburbs, and to reduce overcrowding in major cities such as London and Glasgow. Since there was little money for detailed planning, the government adopted Keynesianism, which allowed for planning in the sense of overall control of the national deficit and surplus. Two laws written by the Conservatives during the war were expanded, the Family Allowances Act 1945 and the Education Act 1944.

The Transport Act 1947 established the British Transport Commission, which took over control of the railways from the Big Four—Great Western Railway, London, Midland and Scottish Railway, London and North Eastern Railway and the Southern Railway—to form British Railways.

In foreign affairs, the government was active in the United Nations and negotiated a $5 billion loan from the United States and Canada in 1946. It eagerly joined the Marshall Plan in 1948. It could no longer afford to support the Greek government and encouraged the U.S. to take its place through the Truman Doctrine in 1947. It took an active role in joining the United States in the Cold War and forming NATO. It gave independence to India, Pakistan, Ceylon and Burma and moved to strengthen the British Commonwealth.

Nationalisation projects

 * 1945–51: The Labour Party comes to power with a programme for nationalising the essential sectors of the economy, some of which had been weakened during wartime: finance, heavy industry and natural resources, along with communication and transportation infrastructure.
 * 1946: Coal industry under the National Coal Board.
 * Bank of England.
 * National Health Service created (with separate units in England, Wales, and Scotland and for Northern Ireland) taking over hospitals and making medical services free. NHS started operations in 1948.
 * 1947: British Electricity Authority and area electricity boards.
 * Cable & Wireless.
 * 1948: National rail, inland (not marine) water transport, some road haulage, some road passenger transport and Thomas Cook & Son under the British Transport Commission. Separate elements operated as British Railways, British Road Services, and British Waterways.
 * 1949: Local authority gas supply undertakings in England, Scotland and Wales.
 * 1951: Iron and Steel Corporation of Great Britain (privatised by the Conservative Government in 1955, and renationalised by Labour in 1967 as British Steel Corporation).

Health
Attlee's Health Minister, Aneurin Bevan, fought hard against the general disapproval of the medical establishment, including the British Medical Association, by creating the National Health Service in 1948. This was a publicly funded healthcare system, which offered treatment for all, regardless of income, free of charge at the point of use. Reflecting pent-up demand that had long existed for medical services, the NHS treated some 8,500,000 dental patients and dispensed more than 5,000,000 pairs of spectacles during its first year of operation.

Consultants benefited from the new system by being paid salaries that provided an acceptable standard of living without the need for them to resort to private practice. The NHS brought major improvements in the health of working-class people, with deaths from diphtheria, pneumonia, and tuberculosis significantly reduced. Although there were often disputes about its organisation and funding, British political parties continued to voice their general support for the NHS in order to remain electable.

In the field of health care, funds were allocated to modernisation and extension schemes aimed at improving administrative efficiency. Improvements were made in nursing accommodation in order to recruit more nurses and reduce labour shortages which were keeping 60,000 beds out of use, and efforts were made to reduce the imbalance "between an excess of fever and tuberculosis (TB) beds and a shortage of maternity beds".

BCG vaccinations were introduced for the protection of medical students, midwives, nurses, and contacts of patients with tuberculosis, a pension scheme was set up for employees of the newly established NHS, The National Health Service (Superannuation) Regulations 1947 laid down a number of provisions for beneficiaries including an officer’s pension and retiring allowance, an injury allowance, a short service gratuity,  a death gratuity, a widow’s pension, and supplementary payments in the case of special classes of officers. Provision was also made for the allocation of part of pension or injury allowance to spouse of dependent.

The Radioactive Substances Act 1948 set out general provisions to control radioactive substances. Numerous lesser reforms were also introduced, some of which were of great benefit to certain segments of British society, such as the mentally deficient and the blind. Between 1948 and 1951, Attlee's government increased spending on health from £6,000,000,000 to £11,000,000,000: an increase of over 80%, and from 2.1% to 3.6% of GDP.

Welfare
The government set about implementing the Wartime plans of William Beveridge's plans for the creation of a 'cradle to grave' welfare state, and set in place an entirely new system of social security. Among the most important pieces of legislation was the National Insurance Act 1946, in which people in work paid a flat rate of national insurance. In return, they (and the wives of male contributors) were eligible for flat-rate pensions, sickness benefit, unemployment benefit, and funeral benefit. Various provisions were included in the National Insurance Act 1946 including unemployment and sickness benefit, maternity grant and attendance allowance, maternity allowance, widow’s benefit, widow’s pensions in special cases, guardian’s allowance, retirement pension, and death grant.

Various other pieces of legislation provided for child benefit and support for people with no other source of income. In 1949, unemployment, sickness and maternity benefits were exempted from taxation.

A block grant introduced in 1948 helped the social services provided by local authorities. Personal Social Services or welfare services were developed in 1948 for individual and families in general, particularly special groups such as the mentally disordered, deprived children, the elderly, and the handicapped.

The Attlee Government increased pensions and other benefits, with pensions raised to become more of a living income than they had ever been. War pensions and allowances (for both World Wars) were increased by an act of 1946 which gave the wounded man with an allowance for his wife and children if he married after he had been wounded, thereby removing a grievance of more than twenty years standing. Other improvements were made in war pensions during Attlee's tenure as prime minister. A Constant Attendance Allowance was tripled, an Unemployability Allowance was tripled from 10s to 30s a week, and a special hardship allowance of up to £1 a week was introduced. In addition, the 1951 Budget made further improvements in the supplementary allowances for many war pensioners. From 1945 onwards, three out of every four pension claims had been successful, whilst after the First World War only one pension claim in three was allowed. Under the Superannuation (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 1948, employees of a body representative of local authorities or of the officers of local authorities could be admitted "on suitable terms to the superannuation fund of a local authority". In 1951, a comforts allowance was introduced that was automatically paid to war pensioners "receiving unemployability supplement and constant attendance allowance".

The Personal injuries (Civilians) Scheme of 1947 included various benefits such as an exceptional maximum rate of constant attendance allowance of 40s a week, and an allowance for wear and tear of clothing caused by the use of artificial limbs and appliances. In addition, allowances payable while a pensioner underwent inpatient treatment “are normally no longer subject to a deduction in respect of decreased home expenditure.” Various changes were also made in respect of gainfully employed persons and civil defence volunteers who sustained war injuries. These included the provision of allowances for the wife and children for injured persons receiving injury allowance or disablement pension, amendments to the provisions for an allowance to a pensioner deemed unemployable by reason of his pensioned disablement “to secure that he receives in the aggregate by way of unemployability allowance and any social service benefits for which he is eligible at least 20s. a week in addition to his pension,” increases in the allowance payable for a wife of a person receiving treatment allowance, unemployability allowance or injury allowance under certain conditions and “if no allowance is payable for a wife, an allowance may be granted for a dependant adult,” and a social hardship allowance for partially disabled men “who, though not unemployable, is prevented by his pensioned disablement from resuming his former occupation or taking up one of equivalent standard.” Also, “Where a man dies as the direct result of a qualifying injury his widow may be awarded a pension (with allowances for his children) without regard to the date of marriage.”

A more extensive system of social welfare benefits had been established by the Attlee Government, which did much to reduce acute social deprivation. The cumulative impact of the Attlee's Government's health and welfare policies was such that all the indices of health (such as statistics of school medical or dental officers, or of medical officers of health) showed signs of improvement, with continual improvements in survival rates for infants and increased life expectancy for the elderly. The success of the Attlee Government's welfare legislation in reducing poverty was such that, in the general election of 1950, according to one study, "Labour propaganda could make much of the claim that social security had eradicated the most abject destitution of the 1930s".

Housing and planning
The New Towns Act 1946 (9 & 10 Geo. 6. c. 68) set up development corporations to construct new towns, while the Town and Country Planning Act 1947 instructed county councils to prepare development plans and also provided compulsory purchase powers. The Attlee Government also extended the powers of local authorities to requisition houses and parts of houses, and made the acquisition of land less difficult than before. The Housing (Scotland) Act 1949 provided grants of 75% (87.5% in the Highlands and Islands) towards modernisation costs payable by the Treasury to local authorities.

In 1949, local authorities were empowered to provide people suffering from poor health with public housing at subsidised rents.

To assist home ownership, the limit on the amount of money that people could borrow from their local authority in order to purchase or build a home was raised from £800 to £1,500 in 1945, and to £5,000 in 1949. Under the National Assistance Act 1948 (11 & 12 Geo. 6. c. 29), local authorities had a duty "to provide emergency temporary accommodation for families which become homeless through no fault of their own".

A large house-building programme was carried out with the intention of providing millions of people with high-quality homes. A Housing act increased Treasury subsidies for the construction of local authority housing in England and Wales. Four out of five houses constructed under Labour were council properties built to more generous specifications than before the Second World War, and subsidies kept down council rents. Altogether, these policies provided public-sector housing with its biggest ever boost up until that point, while low-wage earners particularly benefited from these developments. Although the Attlee Government failed to meet its targets, primarily due to economic constraints, over 1,000,000 new homes were built between 1945 and 1951 (a significant achievement under the circumstances) which ensured that decent, affordable housing was available to many low-income families for the first time ever.

Development rights were nationalised while the government attempted to take all development profits for the state. Strong planning authorities were set up to control land use, and issued manuals of guidance which stressed the importance of safeguarding agricultural land. A strong chain of regional offices was set up within its planning ministry to provide a strong lead in regional development policies. Comprehensive Development Areas (CDAs), a designation under the Town and Country Planning Act 1947, allowed local authorities to acquire property in the designated areas using powers of compulsory purchase in order to re-plan and develop urban areas suffering from urban blight or war damage.

Women and children
A number of reforms were embarked upon to improve conditions for women and children. In 1946, universal family allowances were introduced to provide financial support to households for raising children. These benefits had been legislated for the previous year by Churchill's Family Allowances Act 1945, and was the first measure pushed through parliament by Attlee's government. The Conservatives would later criticise Labour for having been "too hasty" in introducing family allowances.

The Married Women (Restraint Upon Anticipation) Act 1949 was passed in order to "to equalise, to render inoperative any restrictions upon anticipation or alienation attached to the enjoyment of property by a woman", while the Married Women (Maintenance) Act 1949 was enacted with the intention of improving the adequacy and duration of financial benefits for married women.

The Criminal Law (Amendment) Act 1950 amended the Criminal Law Amendment Act 1885 to bring prostitutes within the law and safeguard them from abduction and abuse. The Criminal Justice Act 1948 restricted imprisonment for juveniles and brought improvements to the probation and remand centre systems, while the passage of the Justices of the Peace Act 1949 led to extensive reforms of magistrates courts. The Attlee Government also abolished the marriage bar in the Civil Service, thereby enabling married women to work in that institution.

In 1946, the government set up a National Institute of Houseworkers as a means of providing a socially democratic variety of domestic service.

By late 1946, agreed standards of training were established, which was followed by the opening of a training headquarters and the opening of an additional nine training centres in Wales, Scotland, and then nationwide throughout Great Britain. The National Health Service Act 1946 indicated that domestic help should be provided for households where that help is required "owing to the presence of any person who is ill, lying-in, an expectant mother, mentally defective, aged or a child not over compulsory school age". 'Home help' therefore included the provision of home-helps for nursing and expectant mothers and for mothers with children under the age of five, and by 1952 some 20,000 women were engaged in this service.

Workers' rights
Various measures were carried out to improve conditions in the workplace. Entitlement to sick leave was greatly extended, and sick pay schemes were introduced for local authority administrative, professional and technical workers in 1946 and for various categories of manual workers in 1948. Workers' compensation was also significantly improved. A National Insurance (Industrial Injuries) Act 1946 was introduced that included various provisions like injury benefit, disablement benefit, increases of disablement pension in cases of unemployability, special hardship, constant attendance, and during approval hospital treatment, and increases of injury benefit and disablement pension in respect of children and adult dependents.

The Fair Wages Resolution of 1946 required any contractor working on a public project to at least match the pay rates and other employment conditions set in the appropriate collective agreement. In 1946, Purchase Tax was removed completely from kitchen fittings and crockery, while the rate was reduced on various gardening items. The Employment and Training Act 1948 included provisions such as provisions as to training for employment as well as payments towards the cost of removing and resettling workers

The Fire Services Act 1947 introduced a new pension scheme for firefighters, while the Electricity Act 1947 introduced better retirement benefits for workers in that industry. The Workers' Compensation (Supplementation) Act 1948 and introduced benefits for workers with certain asbestos-related diseases which had occurred before 1948. The Merchant Shipping Act 1948 and the Merchant Shipping (Safety Convention) Act 1949 were passed to improve conditions for seamen. The Shops Act 1950 consolidated previous legislation which provided that no one could be employed in a shop for more than six hours without having a break for at least 20 minutes. The legislation also required a lunch break of at least 45 minutes for anyone for worked between 11:30am and 2:30pm, and a half-hour tea break for anyone working between 4pm and 7pm. The government also strengthened a Fair Wages Resolution, with a clause that required all employers getting government contracts to recognise the rights of their workers to join trade unions.

The Trades Disputes Act 1927 was repealed, and a Dock Labour Scheme was introduced in 1947 to put an end to the casual system of hiring labour in the docks. This scheme gave registered dockers the legal right to minimum work and decent conditions. Through the National Dock Labour Board (on which trade unions and employers had equal representation) the unions acquired control over recruitment and dismissal. Registered dockers laid off by employers within the Scheme had the right either to be taken on by another, or to generous compensation. All dockers were registered under the Dock Labour Scheme, giving them a legal right to minimum work, holidays and sick pay.

Wages for members of the police force were significantly increased. The introduction of a Miner's Charter in 1946 instituted a five-day work week for miners and a standardised day wage structure, and in 1948 a Colliery Workers Supplementary Scheme was approved, providing supplementary allowances to disabled coal-workers and their dependants. Various benefits were provided under the scheme, including a supplementary injury benefit, a disablement pension in respect of a colliery accident or colliery disease, death benefits, and Supplementary allowances.

In 1948, a pension scheme was set up to provide pension benefits for employees of the new NHS, as well as their dependents. Under the Coal Industry Nationalisation (Superannuation) Regulations 1950, a pension scheme for mineworkers was established. Improvements were also made in farmworkers' wages, and the Agricultural Wages Board in 1948 not only safeguarded wage levels, but also ensured that workers were provided with accommodation.

A number of regulations aimed at safeguarding the health and safety of people at work were also introduced during Attlee's time in office. Regulations were issued in February 1946 applying to factories involved with "manufacturing briquettes or blocks of fuel consisting of coal, coal dust, coke or slurry with pitch as a binding .substance," and which concerned "dust and ventilation, washing facilities and clothing accommodation, medical supervision and examination, skin and eye protection and messrooms". The Coal Mines (Ventilation) General Regulations dated 17 May 1947 "implement recommendations of the Royal Commission on Safety in Coal Mines regarding two main topics: methods of checking periodically the general standard of ventilation and methods of minimising leakage of air. Provisions are laid down respecting determinations of firedamp content and methods by which these determinations are to be made." The Radioactive Substances Act, dated 30 June 1948, " which regulates the importation, manufacture, sale, storage and use of radioactive substances, includes provisions empowering the appropriate Minister to issue regulations for the prevention of injuries to health caused by ionising radiations and for securing the safe disposal of radioactive waste products." The Dry Cleaning Special Regulations, 1949 dated 29 November 1949 sought "to prohibit the use of liquids with a flash point below 32°C. (90°F.) from being used for dry cleaning otherwise than by spotting." The Blasting (Castings and Other Articles) Special Regulations 1949, "prohibit sandblasting and deal with the blasting enclosure, the cleaning of used abrasive, ventilation plant, inspection, examination and maintenance of equipment, personal protective equipment and clothing, the cleaning of blasting equipment, the employment of young persons, and the reporting of defects in the equipment. Sandblasting is prohibited in Section 5, which reads: "No sand or other substance containing free silica shall be introduced as an abrasive into any blasting apparatus." The Chief Inspector is empowered to grant exemptions from the regulations." UK: The matters dealt with by the Jute (Safety, Health and Welfare) Regulations dated 21 July 1948 "include the lifting and carrying of loads by women and young persons, ventilation, temperature and humidity, welfare, construction and use of machinery and sale and hire of machinery".

The Magnesium (Grinding of Castings and Other Articles) (Special Regulations) Order of December 1946 contained special measures "respecting the maintenance of plant and apparatus; precautions against causing sparks; the interception and removal of dust; automatic operation of appliances; protective clothing; and prohibition of smoking, open lights and fires". For those workers engaged in luminising processes, the Factories (Luminising) Special Regulations (1947) prohibited the employment of those under the age of 18 and ordered "an initial medical examination to be carried out before the seventh day of employment; subsequent examinations are to be carried out once a month".Under the terms of the Blasting (Castings and Other Articles) Special Regulations (1949) "no sand or other substance containing free silica is to be employed in any blasting process", while the Foundries (Parting Materials) Special Regulations (1950) prohibited the use of certain parting powders "which give rise to a substantial risk of silicosis".

The Building (Safety, Health & Welfare) Regulations 1948 required that measures should be taken to minimise exposure to potentially harmful dust or fumes, while the Pottery (Health) Special Regulations (1947) prohibited the use "except in the manufacture of glazed tiles" of all "but leadless or low solubility glazes and prescribe certain processes in which ground or powdered flint or quartz are not to be employed". The Pottery (Health and Welfare) Special Regulations 1950 made provision for the health and safety of workers employed in factories "in which there is carried on the manufacture or decoration of pottery or certain allied manufactures or processes".

Law
Various law reforms were also carried out by Attlee's government. The Criminal Justice Act 1948 provided for new methods to deal with offenders, and abolished hard labour, penal servitude, prison divisions and whipping. The Law Reform (Personal Injuries) Act 1948 enabled employees to sue their employers in cases where they experienced injury due to the negligence of a fellow employee. The Legal Aid and Advice Act 1949 introduced a state aided scheme to assist those who couldn't afford legal services. The Witnesses Allowances Regulations 1948 provided for the payment of a professional witness allowance, a night allowance, and an expert witness allowance in certain cases.

Post-war consensus
Most historians argue that the main domestic policies (except nationalisation of steel) reflected a broad bipartisan consensus. The post-war consensus is a historians' model of political agreement from 1945 to the late-1970s. In 1979 newly elected Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher rejected and reversed it. The concept claims there was a widespread consensus that covered support for coherent package of policies that were developed in the 1930s, promised during the Second World War, and enacted under Attlee. The policies dealt with a mixed economy, Keynesianism, and a broad welfare state. In recent years the validity of the interpretation has been debated by historians.

The historians' model of the post-war consensus was most fully developed by Paul Addison. The basic argument is that in the 1930s, Liberal Party intellectuals led by John Maynard Keynes and William Beveridge developed a series of plans that became especially attractive as the wartime government promised a much better post-war Britain and saw the need to engage every sector of society. The coalition government during the war, headed by Churchill and Attlee, signed off on a series of white papers that promised Britain a much improved welfare state. After the war, the promises included the National Health Service, and expansion of education, housing, and a number of welfare programmes. It did not include the nationalisation of iron and steel, which was approved only by the Labour Party.

The model states that from 1945 until the arrival of Thatcher in 1979, there was a broad multi-partisan national consensus on social and economic policy, especially regarding the welfare state, nationalised health services, educational reform, a mixed economy, government regulation, Keynesian macroeconomic policies, and full employment. Apart from the question of nationalisation of some industries, these policies were broadly accepted by the three major parties, as well as by industry, the financial community and the labour movement. Until the 1980s, historians generally agreed on the existence and importance of the consensus. Some historians such as Ralph Miliband expressed disappointment that the consensus was a modest or even conservative package that blocked a fully socialized society. Historian Angus Calder complained bitterly that the post-war reforms were an inadequate reward for the wartime sacrifices, and a cynical betrayal of the people's hope for a more just post-war society. In recent years, there has been a historiographical debate on whether such a consensus ever existed.

Fate
In the February 1950 general election the Labour Party narrowly maintained their majority by just 5 seats. This was insufficient to govern however, due to the Bevanite split causing tensions in the party. Another general election was called in 1951 to try and increase their majority. However, in the October 1951 general elections the Conservatives returned to power under Winston Churchill. Labour was to remain out of office for the next thirteen years, until 1964, when Harold Wilson became Prime Minister.

1945–1950

 * Clement Attlee: Prime Minister and Minister of Defence
 * Herbert Morrison: Deputy Prime Minister, Lord President of the Council and Leader of the House of Commons
 * The Viscount Jowitt: Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain
 * Arthur Greenwood: Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal
 * Hugh Dalton: Chancellor of the Exchequer
 * Ernest Bevin: Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs
 * James Chuter Ede: Secretary of State for the Home Department
 * George Hall: Secretary of State for the Colonies
 * The Viscount Addison: Secretary of State for Dominion Affairs and Leader of the House of Lords
 * The Lord Pethick-Lawrence: Secretary of State for India and Burma
 * A. V. Alexander: First Lord of the Admiralty
 * Jack Lawson: Secretary of State for War
 * The Viscount Stansgate: Secretary of State for Air
 * Ellen Wilkinson: Minister of Education
 * Joseph Westwood: Secretary of State for Scotland
 * Tom Williams: Minister of Agriculture and Fisheries
 * George Isaacs: Minister of Labour and National Service
 * Aneurin Bevan: Minister of Health
 * Sir Stafford Cripps: President of the Board of Trade
 * Emanuel Shinwell: Minister of Fuel and Power

Changes

 * July 1946 – Arthur Greenwood becomes Paymaster General as well as Lord Privy Seal.
 * October 1946 – The three service ministers (Secretary of State for War, Secretary of State for Air, and First Lord of the Admiralty) cease to be cabinet positions. A. V. Alexander remains in the cabinet as Minister without Portfolio. George Hall replaces A. V. Alexander as First Lord of the Admiralty, outside the cabinet. Arthur Creech Jones succeeds Hall as Secretary of State for the Colonies.
 * December 1946 – A. V. Alexander succeeds Attlee as Minister of Defence.
 * February 1947 – George Tomlinson succeeds Ellen Wilkinson as Minister of Education upon her death.
 * March 1947 – Arthur Greenwood ceases to be Paymaster General, remaining Lord Privy Seal. His successor as Paymaster General is not in the cabinet.
 * April 1947 – Arthur Greenwood becomes Minister without Portfolio. Lord Inman succeeds Arthur Greenwood as Lord Privy Seal. William Francis Hare, Lord Listowel succeeds Lord Pethick-Lawrence as Secretary of State for India and Burma.
 * July 1947 – The Dominion Affairs Office becomes the Office of Commonwealth Relations. Lord Addison remains at the head.
 * August 1947 – The India and Burma Office becomes the Burma Office with India's independence. Lord Listowel remains in office. Responsibility for relations with India and Pakistan themselves are transferred to Addison and the Commonwealth Relations Office.
 * September 1947 – Sir Stafford Cripps becomes Minister of Economic Affairs. Harold Wilson succeeds Cripps as President of the Board of Trade. Arthur Greenwood retires from the Front Bench.
 * October 1947 – Lord Addison succeeds Lord Inman as Lord Privy Seal, remaining also Leader of the House of Lords. Philip Noel-Baker succeeds Lord Addison as Secretary of State for Commonwealth Relations. Arthur Woodburn succeeds Joseph Westwood as Secretary of State for Scotland. The Minister of Fuel and Power, Emanuel Shinwell, leaves the Cabinet.
 * November 1947 – Sir Stafford Cripps succeeds Hugh Dalton as Chancellor of the Exchequer.
 * January 1948 – The Burma Office is abolished with Burma's independence.
 * May 1948 – Hugh Dalton re-enters the Cabinet as Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster. Lord Pakenham enters the Cabinet as Minister of Civil Aviation.
 * July 1948 – Lord Addison becomes Paymaster General.
 * April 1949 – Lord Addison ceases to be Paymaster General, remaining Lord Privy Seal and Leader of the House of Lords. His successor as Paymaster General is not in the Cabinet.

1950–1951

 * Clement Attlee: Prime Minister
 * Herbert Morrison: Deputy Prime Minister, Lord President of the Council and Leader of the House of Commons
 * The Viscount Jowitt: Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain
 * The Viscount Addison: Leader of the House of Lords and Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal
 * Sir Stafford Cripps: Chancellor of the Exchequer
 * Ernest Bevin: Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs
 * James Chuter Ede: Secretary of State for the Home Department
 * Jim Griffiths: Secretary of State for the Colonies
 * Patrick Gordon Walker: Secretary of State for Commonwealth Relations
 * Harold Wilson: President of the Board of Trade
 * The Viscount Alexander of Hillsborough: Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster
 * George Tomlinson: Minister of Education
 * Hector McNeil: Secretary of State for Scotland
 * Tom Williams: Minister of Agriculture and Fisheries
 * George Isaacs: Minister of Labour and National Service
 * Aneurin Bevan: Minister of Health
 * Emanuel Shinwell: Minister of Defence
 * Hugh Dalton: Minister of Town and Country Planning

Changes

 * October 1950: Hugh Gaitskell succeeds Sir Stafford Cripps as Chancellor of the Exchequer.
 * January 1951: Aneurin Bevan succeeds George Isaacs as Minister of Labour and National service. Bevan's successor as Minister of Health is not in the cabinet. Hugh Dalton's post is renamed Minister of Local Government and Planning.
 * March 1951: Herbert Morrison succeeds Ernest Bevin as Foreign Secretary. Lord Addison succeeds Morrison as Lord President. Bevin succeeds Addison as Lord Privy Seal. James Chuter Ede succeeds Morrison as Leader of the House of Commons whilst remaining Home Secretary.
 * April 1951: Richard Stokes succeeds Ernest Bevin (deceased) as Lord Privy Seal. Alf Robens succeeds Aneurin Bevan (resigned) as Minister of Labour and National Service. Sir Hartley Shawcross succeeds Harold Wilson (resigned) as President of the Board of Trade.

List of ministers
Members of the Cabinet are in bold face.

Major legislation enacted

 * Law Reform (Contributory Negligence) Act 1945
 * Housing (Financial and Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 1946
 * Coal Industry Nationalisation Act 1946
 * Furnished Houses (Rent Control) Act 1946
 * National Health Service Act 1946
 * National Insurance Act 1946
 * National Insurance (Industrial Injuries) Act 1946
 * New Towns Act 1946
 * Trade Disputes and Trade Unions Act 1946
 * Hill Farming Act 1946
 * Agriculture Act 1947
 * Pensions (Increase) Act 1947
 * Electricity Act 1947
 * Town and Country Planning Act 1947
 * Transport Act 1947
 * National Assistance Act 1948
 * Children Act 1948
 * Factories Act 1948
 * Education (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 1948
 * Agricultural Holdings Act 1948
 * Employment and Training Act 1948
 * Nurseries and Child-Minders Regulation Act 1948
 * Law Reform (Personal Injuries) Act 1948
 * Local Government Act 1948
 * Representation of the People Act 1948
 * Housing Act 1949
 * Superannuation Act 1949
 * House of Commons (Redistribution of Seats) Act 1949
 * Landlord and Tenant (Rent Control) Act 1949
 * Lands Tribunal Act 1949
 * Legal Aid and Advice Act 1949
 * Adoption of Children Act 1949
 * Marriage Act 1949
 * National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949
 * Parliament Act 1949
 * Representation of the People Act 1949
 * Distribution of Industry Act 1950
 * Coal-Mining (Subsidence) Act 1950
 * Allotments Act 1950
 * Workmen's Compensation (Supplementation) Act 1951

title: Attlee ministry


text:
User:Pjmt

Stuff I like

 * C64 and its 6510.
 * Eve Online, Everquest, EverQuest II, LOTRO.

Currently Monitoring

 * Cambridgeshire - Places of interest.
 * Houghton, Cambridgeshire - Expanding article.
 * sandbox - my sandbox.

Currently Editing

 * User:Pjmt/LogicMelon - Drafting article.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User:Pjmt


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Koldfusion

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was Delete. R e  dwolf24  (talk) 01:12, 29 August 2005 (UTC)

Koldfusion
Right, this is a fun one. I'd never heard of a band called Koldfusion despite knowing the Oxford music scene pretty well, so resorted to the dreaded google. Only music related hits I got were for 'Kold Fusion' - who have a stubby allmusic page and one electronica/dance EP release, on the orchard. So, in short: - Koldfusion seem to fail WP:MUSIC - Kold Fusion also seem to fail WP:MUSIC, having only one release on a 'digital label' Any questions? --zippedmartin 12:55, 22 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete unless proof of cult following is presented Fornadan (t) 13:00, 22 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete nn band vanity. -- Etacar11   01:41, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Talk:Binghamton Whalers

Missing goalie stats
My source, hockeydb.com had incomplete goalie stats for 1981-82 and 1982-83. I am however confident that the records I posted will stand up if another source for those seasons were to be found. Please correct me if I'm mistaken. ccwaters 12:57, 22 August 2005 (UTC)

Logo
I added the logo, using one on the German version of the article. Was there any reason it was missing? — Preceding unsigned comment added by Zfish118 (talk • contribs) 16:48, 27 December 2010 (UTC)

title: Talk:Binghamton Whalers


text:
Talk:Binghamton Dusters

Broome or Binghamton Dusters?
Are you sure its Binghamton Dusters? The logo says Broome Dusters and it does makes more sense. I've heard both names used interchangably (and even B.C. Dusters, to a lesser extent), so I was never quite sure. The Dusters were slightly ahead of my time, I grew up on the Binghamton Whalers. If your sources are old standings, I have to warn you that the B.C. Icemen were quite often listed as "Binghamton." Hockeydb has both league's incarnations listed as "Binghamton Dusters". Not trying to argue, I'd would actually like a definitive answer. I'll hold off on further edits until then (I plan on giving the NAHL team an article too). ccwaters 23:23, 21 August 2005 (UTC)

 * I'm sure. As we know, the Hockey DB, while a terrific resource, is not always accurate.  The "Broome Dusters" logo was from the NAHL days, and it was only used by the AHL Dusters without the 'Broome'.  The AHL's own Media Guides use Binghamton exclusively, both in their annual standings listings and in their listings of defunct teams.  The BC Icemen are another team in another league altogether, of course, but the ongoing thread of it all is that Binghampton is in Broome County, and the ongoing use of images from the B.C. comic strip stems from that Johnny Hart is a native of Broome County and a hockey fan.  RGTraynor 02:44, August 22, 2005 (UTC)

 * Ok...sounds good to me, except there's no "p" in Binghamton :). That makes article naming simpler as well. I'll use the "Broome" logo until I find a Binghamton version. ccwaters 02:58, 22 August 2005 (UTC)

 * I found some poor quality images of the Dusters logo sans "Broome". I'll photo-chop that out of the Broome logo and rename it. Unless I'm mistaken, that is the only change. RGT, do you mind if I move this discussion over to Talk:Binghamton Dusters? ccwaters 14:04, 22 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Nah, go for it. RGTraynor 21:12, August 22, 2005 (UTC)

 * Don't mean to interrupt, but perhaps I can add something here. The Broome Dusters were the North American Hockey League team that played in Binghamton (located in Broome County, NY)from 1973 - 1977.  Then, from 1978 - 1980, the team moved up to the AHL, but were more commonly called the Binghamton Dusters (except in Binghamton, where we still called them the Broome Dusters).  For the 80-81 season, they changed their name to the Binghamton Whalers to reflect their affiliation with the NHL Hartford Whalers, and a change in local ownership.  The team name changed again for the 90-91 season, when the team became the Binghamton Rangers, AHL affiliate of the NHL NY Rangers.  For the 97-98 season, the NHL Whalers left Hartford, the NHL Rangers moved their AHL franchise to Hartford - Binghamton scrambled and landed a franchise in the United Hockey League, named the BC Icemen.  The Icemen played through the 01-02 season, then the AHL returned to Binghamton in 02-03 with the Binghamton Senators, affiliated with the NHL Ottawa Senators,  which is where they are today.  Some interesting notes:  Bobby Orr's brother Ron was the Duster's GM for a few years - Bobby came to Binghamton at least once during that time, I got his autograph.  The current GM of the Detroit Red Wings, Ken Holland, was a decent goalie for the Dusters for a while.  Also, ex-referee Paul Stewart played for the Dusters/Whalers and I think still has the record for career penalty minutes as a Binghamton player.

 * Thanks. See: Broome Dusters, Binghamton Dusters, Binghamton Whalers, Binghamton Rangers, B.C. Icemen, and Binghamton Senators. ccwaters 03:45, 14 March 2006 (UTC)

 * According to Total Hockey 2nd Edition (2000), the NAHL team was the Binghamton Dusters 73/74 to 76/77. When they joined the AHL starting in 77/78, they became known as the Binghamton Whalers until they became the Binghamton Rangers in 90/91. --Theonlymoose  03:23, 8 November 2006 (UTC)

Correct me if I'm wrong, but werent the original "Broom dusters" a part of the old Eastern hockey league ? Cosand (talk) 21:20, 25 March 2009 (UTC)
 * Nope. http://hockeydb.com/ihdb/stats/team_data.php?x=0&y=0&tname=&tcity=binghamton&tstate=&tleague=&y1=&y2= ccwaters (talk) 23:36, 25 March 2009 (UTC)

Clarifying the above distinction
The Broome Dusters were an NAHL team which played in Binghamton (the seat of Broome county) from 1973 to 1977. For the 1977-78 season, the Providence Reds, an AHL team, moved to Binghamton, where they changed their name to the Binghamton Dusters. The old Broome Dusters were no more. The Duster part of the name and the colors of the previous team were kept, but the new name was Binghamton Dusters, not Broome Dusters. After three years as the Binghamton Dusters, the team became the AHL affiliate of the Hartford Whalers and changed the team name to the Binghamton Whalers for the 1980-81 season. 69.174.58.124 (talk) 19:43, 7 January 2014 (UTC)

title: Talk:Binghamton Dusters


text:
Talk:Broome Dusters

External links modified
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I have just modified 1 one external link on Broome Dusters. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20090305171510/http://www.wskg.org/television/local-productions/dusters.aspx to http://www.wskg.org/television/local-productions/dusters.aspx

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Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 10:37, 9 November 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:Broome Dusters


text:
Franzen Fajardo

Franzen (born Franzen Macaraig Fajardo on April 18, 1982 in Sampaloc, Manila) is a Filipino actor, TV host, and former reality show contestant.

Fajardo was forced evicted in the reality series Pinoy Big Brother on Day 91, November 19, 2005.

Early life
Franzen is married with one child.

Filipino audiences, specifically the lower-class population, supported Franzen because of his comedic and emotional nature. He was considered the underdog housemate, especially during his first month inside the house. He is also known for habitually picking his nose at all times and playing strip games with Jason inside the House.

Franzen had violated numerous house rules, but despite automatic nominations, popular vote had kept him in the House. His mouthing of words (lip-synching) became the last straw. After much deliberation, Endemol decided on Day 86 (November 15, 2005) that Franzen should be evicted. However, in lieu of this, Cass (who somehow understood Franzen's "words") made up her mind to voluntarily exit from the house in exchange of his retention. Big Brother valued this and decided to let the public choose whether Franzen should stay or leave. The next day, however, voting was stopped and Franzen's automatic eviction was finalized after Franzen violated the rules again by telling Jason what happened in the confession room.

Movies

 * White Lady (2006)
 * D'Lucky Ones! (2006)

TV shows

 * Maalaala Mo Kaya: Kurtina (2012)
 * Precious Hearts Romances Presents: Ang Lalaking Nagmahal Sa Akin (2009)
 * May Bukas Pa (2009)
 * Only You (2009)
 * Maria Flordeluna (2007)
 * Love Spell Presents: Wanted: Mr. Perfect (2006)
 * Komiks: Inday bote (2006)
 * Trip na Trip (2006)
 * Magandang Umaga, Pilipinas (2005–06)
 * Pinoy Big Brother (2005)

title: Franzen Fajardo


text:
Talk:HMS Glasgow (1909)

My mother told me that my Grandfather Sidney Minter served aboard HMS Glasgow as a Royal Marine, in the battle of the Coronel 1st November 1914. Is anyone aware of a list of crew members aboard the Royal Naval ships in this battle?

title: Talk:HMS Glasgow (1909)


text:
The Death of the West

The Death of the West: How Dying Populations and Immigrant Invasions Imperil Our Country and Civilization is a 2001 book by the paleoconservative commentator Patrick J. Buchanan. In his book, Patrick J. Buchanan argues that Western culture will soon be imperiled.

Summary
The title of the book is a reference to Oswald Spengler's book Decline of the West. Buchanan argues that the culture that produced western civilization as it has traditionally been understood is in its death throes in the United States because by the year 2050, the United States will cease to be a western country. He uses United Nations population statistics to analyze the recent trends in global populations, especially the major declines in the populations of European nations and the major increases in the populations of Asia, Africa, and Latin America.

Buchanan argues that the United States already has a "nation within a nation". The population of 30 million foreign born (of which 11 million are "illegal aliens") is larger than the entire population of Rhode Island, Massachusetts, and Connecticut.

Buchanan argues that the "counter culture" of the 1960s has become the dominant culture, and he also argues that the counter culture aims to rewrite American history and dismantle its heritage. In his opinion, this culture is a hostile culture because it regards western civilization with antipathy: "A new generation has now grown up for whom the cultural revolution is not a revolution at all, but the culture they were born into and have known all their lives." He sees the new culture as being aggressive and inexorable towards those of traditional beliefs and determined to impose political correctness.

Since the 1960s, he writes, an "adversary culture" that set about "dynamiting" America's history and "demolishing" her heroes has arisen. With its media collaborators, the counterculture has rarely left an institution unscarred and it has rarely left a hero unsullied. The Americans feebly fend off "the relentless pounding of the artillery of an adversary culture that accepts no armistice."

The "pounding" of history begins with Columbus and one chapter is devoted to him, titled "Good-bye, Columbus." The discovery of America used to be one of the greatest events in world history, beginning the American history books. Today, Columbus is accused of perpetrating the "rape of paradise," setting off the legacy of slavery, racism, genocide, ecocide, exploitation and shame that goes on until today. The UN canceled its Columbus Day celebration and California University changed Columbus Day to Indigenous Peoples Day. By 2000, "diabolized" as an irredeemable racist murderer, Columbus made "Hitler look like a juvenile delinquent."

New textbooks which propagated the New History were published. The Wright brothers and the 1969 moon landing were both omitted from them. Instead, the new textbooks introduced readers to the wealth of the Mali Empire and its achievements and grandeur during the reign of Mansa Musa. The new textbooks described the achievements of the Aztecs in great detail but they did not contain any information about their conquests and their sacrifices of captives to Huitzilopotchli. Instead, the new textbooks portrayed Cortes's conquest of the Aztecs as a genocide which was committed against a peace-loving people. The use of the term "cultural genocide" puzzles Buchanan because indigenous American peoples practiced cannibalism and none of them invented the wheel.

Buchanan comments on slavery: "Had it not been for the West, African rulers would still be trafficking in the flesh of their kinsmen. Slaves, after all, were the leading cash crop of the friends of Mansa Musa."

The "war on America's past and the dumbing down of American children—to make their minds empty vessels into which the New History may be poured—is succeeding," he comments. Academic careers of the defenders of the Western history and heritage are ruined while those of the destroyers succeed spectacularly.

Buchanan confirms the latter argument by quoting John H. Wallace and Susan Sontag. The former made a career out of attacking Huckleberry Finn by portraying it as a piece of "racist trash." Any teacher who is caught trying to give it to children "should be fired on the spot as racist" or at best, he or she should be considered insensitive. Hemingway and many other notable writers regarded Huckleberry Finn as a literary classic but who are they to contradict John H. Wallace?

Buchanan also quotes Susan Sontag: "The white race is the cancer of human history; it is the white race and it alone—its ideologies and inventions—which eradicates autonomous civilizations wherever it spreads…" He comments: "Rewrite that sentence with 'Jewish race' in place of 'white race' and the passage would fit nicely into Mein Kampf." Had Sontag so savaged the Jewish people, her career would have ended there. But her diatribe against the white race did not diminish her standing and subsequently, she won a MacArthur Foundation genius award and according to the results of one recent survey, she is the most respectful intellectual of our time.

Buchanan also argues that the decline of the Christian faith is the primary cause of low birth rates, hopelessness, and political utopianism. He cites examples of anti-Christian sentiment such as negative reactions to Catholic films and the triumphant attitude of secularism. According to Buchanan, "Western Man has decided he can disobey God without consequence and become his own God." And at the same time: "The new hedonism seems unable to give people a reason to go on living." He depicts the United States as a country with a culture which is being demolished by the counterculture, and as a result, scarcely a trace of the traditional system of thought is left.

Reception
Kirkus Reviews called it "[s]hameless, embarrassing rantings" and also remarked that "[l]ittle attests to the moral health of this nation more than the fact that it’s made a mockery of Buchanan's presidential ambitions time and again." The review particularly criticized Buchanan's claim that "[h]ad it not been for the West, African rulers would still be trafficking in the flesh of their kinsmen" as an example of dishonest historical revisionism.

Jonah Goldberg of the National Review: "First, let me say I both admire and dislike Buchanan's writing for the same reason: He brilliantly manages to do with one language what Yassir Arafat does with two. He offers red meat to the extremists while at the same giving himself the wiggle room to deny he said anything controversial in the first place. This is no mean feat."

The book's premise has been linked to the concept of Eurabia retrospectively by historian Niall Ferguson and by Voice of America. Buchanan's follow-up book State of Emergency made the Eurabia-association explicit.

title: The Death of the West


text:
User talk:MacGyverMagic/Archive 9

glycosylation vs glycation: a humble request
Do you know we have both articles? I don't quite understand the difference between glycosylation and glycation and have a suspicion that there isn't much and they could probably be usefully combined or at least cross-referenced. If you have some interest and expertise in this relatively narrow topic (not that it isnt just as interesting as HPL and EAP), I-- and perhaps hundreds of others, who knows?-- would be grateful if you could merge the two articles or else write a brief explanation of the difference between glycation and glycosylation and cross-link them appropriately. Chemistry is good. alteripse 15:10, 4 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Cricket pages
There are articles for each team and competition, and also chronological articles covering everything. Therefore the same write-up of a match could appear in 4 different articles - 2 team articles, a competition article and a chronological article. As far as I'm aware transclusion is the most effective way of doing this. Kind regards, jguk 22:06, 4 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Mediation
Hi, Mgm. No problem – do you think I was sufficiently effusive? Cheers, smoddy 22:08, 4 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * There was a certain level of irony in the above statement. :p smoddy 22:18, 4 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Register account first
Then i will lose my contributions list and watch list. Kevin Baastalk: new 23:56, 2005 Jun 4 (UTC)

Mediation Cabal
Hi! I've been sort of holding the mediation line with a Mediation Cabal for a little while now. People interested in helping out  watch the page and swarm to locations where there is possible trouble, supplying immediate first-aid, and trying to solve the situation, should rapid response not be sufficient, then further stages of dispute resolution are tried.

That's the idea anyway. In reality some of our longer standing or open cases are indeed on the mediation cabal page, but often enough we just pick stuff up via irc/watchlist/rc patrol whatever, and solve problems upfront before things get worse. So most of our work never shows up on the wiki.

Anyway, feel free to watch that page, help out, or better yet declare the mediation cabal obsolete so I can go do something else with my life ;-) (I wish! :-P )

Ah well, we'll probably still have to wait a little while before we can declare it obsolete, or convert it into a better organised emergency response team.

Anyway, since you seem to want to try and pick up the original mediation, that's great! Note that Wgfinley and Inter have already been doing some basic groundwork. Listen to them carefully!

Hope to hear from you (and the resurrected mediation committee) soon!

Kim Bruning 00:31, 5 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Mr Tan
I had thought about mediation, but (as the RfC, and the various Talk pages indicate), this is neither just about Mr Tan and me nor about just one article. Moreover, a number of people have tried to reason with Mr Tan, and he refuses to listen to any of them. As I said on the Noticeboard, I'd be grateful for any attempt to get through to him, but I'm now starting on the Arbitration route. Mel Etitis ( Μελ Ετητης ) 11:32, 5 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Seconded. I have tried mediating between them for the longest time, but Tan just won't accept the fact that (for the $$10^3$$ time) his English is far below the level of other, more experienced editors, and that he cannot therefore judge the state of an article. He's been putting a copyedit template on Zanskar because "it doesn't match his style"; his edits on other articles (such as Tsushima Islands, Wee Kim Wee) are quite controversial, and, most importantly, he does not let other editors gauge the quality of his work or correct his mistakes. Nor does he accept any kind of advice, from fellow editors or Singaporeans. JMBell° 11:56, 5 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Yes, I did. But why did I find much more difficulty in associating with him than to others? You are accusing me of me not accepting the fact that my English is poor, but I did many a times, especially in Talk:Lee Kuan Yew.

Mr Tan 12:07, 5 Jun 2005 (UTC)Tan

 * I'll have to stop you all here. If you're willing to go into mediation do so. I have nothing to do with arbitration and as the notice on top of this page says, disputes are to be resolved on the appropriate pages -not here. Mgm|(talk) 12:14, Jun 5, 2005 (UTC)

Mediation reforms
If you haven't already done so (and I've not spotted it), would you like to create a page outlining your ideas for reform of the MC? I'd like to join such discussions, but see no central place to do so. Dan100 11:36, Jun 5, 2005 (UTC)

 * Mediation (2005) Kim Bruning 13:57, 5 Jun 2005 (UTC)

I think the balls in your court now really - your ideas are good, you need to move things on to the next stage now. This is a golden opportunity! Dan100 11:10, Jun 6, 2005 (UTC)

Re: Furry / Furry fandom mediation request
Hi, thanks for the reply, and sorry for my carelessness. I had hoped that by making a request it would ease the tension regarding the issue and that the User:Almafeta would be willing for a third party mediator too, but it looks like the situation (at Talk:Furry) has gone - as I feared - genuinely out of hand. The anonymous user and Contie appear to have calmed down, but Almafeta is now personally attacking the user:Krishva, tracking down her activities, and accusing not only she is trying to "delete every single Furry-related page on wikipedia" and that I, Krishva and user:Stiv are the same user (it's very hard to be in America and Malaysia simultaneously). I've asked for user:Almafeta to agree to the mediation a few minutes ago, and I'm loath to request arbitration as that would be the last resort. What do you advise in this situation? Thanks! -- Grumpyhan 12:52, 5 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Re: Template
For an explanation on how I visioned it, see User:Inter/Mediation policy. See Wikipedia:Mediation (2005) and [[Wikipedia:Mediation Cabal on how it turned out. :> I am currently on exam leave still, things to sort out and stuff, but when I am fully back I will resume the work to change the medcom into something else (or remove it) as it is currently inactive and inefficient. Hope this answers the question. Inter\Echo 14:57, 5 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * It didn't really fail, it just hasn't been done alot with because of people working on it, like myself, have had our exams. I haven't fully returned to Wikipedia after that onslaught so I'm not fully up to speed yet. I saw your proposal at the ArbCom RFC and I will make a comment there probably. Some of us have worked quite hard for something that didn't really come into frutition because we aren't sure if we wanted to throw out the MedCom altogether or restore it. It is a drastic measure, but since you have taken the initiative, I'll be happy to assist as I have talked with many people about a change to MedCom and have come up with some preliminary guidelines. Inter\Echo 19:34, 6 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Sorry
I posted a message on user's discussion page, so whats wrong with that ? Farhansher 20:41, 5 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Houston Chronicle
Thank you for offering mediation. If you think it can accomplish something then I won't object to your assistance. I remain dubious that Katefan0 will contribute productively to this process, having tried repeatedly to find grounds for agreement with her to little success. I believe I have been reasonably flexible to date in accomodating some of her requests and the requests of others, but the remaining issues that I outlined on the mediation page have seemingly come to a standstill.

If it helps any for background on this dispute, my own perspective is one that is critical of the Houston Chronicle, though I've attempted at all stages to thoroughly source and document the critical material. Katefan by contrast has a very strong POV in favor of the Chronicle - she claims she used to be employed with them even - but unfortunately does not seem to recognize that she writes with a bias of her own. Hence she sees everything I do - no matter how thoroughly sourced it is - as "unfair" or "biased" and POV while everything she adds has the effect of making it "neutral" even though in fact most of her changes insert strong biases in the other direction.

The dispute to date has had a couple other participants as well. Based on his edits and comments on the discussion page, User:Nobs seems to favor my side of the argument over Katefan0's. User:Johntex tends to favor Katefan & was specifically recruited by her to lend favor to her arguments. She also recruited User:Willmcw into the discussion, apparently knowing that I have sparred (albeit on mostly friendly terms) with him in the past on other articles. Given this it is also my belief that Willmcw has little genuine interest in the subject matter of this article (as well as virtually zero familiarity with any of the issues of contention) and is only attracted to it because of me. He has a bad habit of following myself and some other editors around wikipedia trying to cause trouble or undo additions we've made to various articles regardless of the subject. IOW, virtually every single time I've gotten into a conflict with another editor on wikipedia about an article's content on any issue whatsoever Willmcw's shown up in short order to espouse the side of the other guy. Normally he either misreads one of the existing sources on the article and changes the article to reflect his misreading, only to be corrected and concede the error, or he tries to make edits that make for awkward article texts such as removing acknowledged and self-evident facts, e.g. "the sky is blue," for want of a "source" (and then only a source of his liking) specifically stating that the sky is indeed blue. It's largely deconstructive and normally accomplishes nothing for the article that doesn't get restored in short order. In most of his edits on the Houston Chronicle, this seems to be another such case of what I just described. Anyway, that more or less summarizes things to date & if you have any questions or suggestions I'd be happy to hear them. Thanks. Rangerdude 22:25, 5 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Mgml, in response to your proposals, I am glad to agree. Here's to an eventual resolution.  I do have one concern -- there have been several other editors who have been engaged in the disagreement on various sides, primarily (User:Nobs, User:Johntex and User:Willmcw); would the editing hiatus also apply to them?  Happy Friday · Katefan0(scribble) 18:36, Jun 10, 2005 (UTC)
 * Don't mind at all if it's a public talk page. Probably easier to keep track of things that way anyway. Thanks again.  · Katefan0(scribble) 18:44, Jun 10, 2005 (UTC)
 * Please note that Nobs, who I mentioned above, also edits under User:Nobs01, which he's been using today. · Katefan0(scribble) 20:15, Jun 10, 2005 (UTC)

Re:User:Grutness/Grutness non-article
Thanks for keeping watch for vandalism over my pages, but in this case...

I find it hilarious that I write an article about myself as part of my user pages (not as an article in Wikipedia), and it was suggested it lacks sources. Note the edit summary comment that "the quote from my cats needs sourcing"! It's a fun addition, and I don't mind it - punctures any ego build-up nicely too.

FWIW, I only wrote the page there after realising (on vfd) that I met many of the notability standards which are used to judge vfd candidates. I did it as an exercise, and have no intention of putting it in the Wikipedia article space. I am mentioned by name in one Wikipedia article (University Challenge (New Zealand)), but there's no redlink, nor do I think there should be. Grutness...  wha?  01:06, 6 Jun 2005 (UTC)

A few more newbie questions
I've been poking about, learning more, editing here and there, having fun. However, I have three questions that remain unanswered. I'd appreciate any info you can provide.

1) What is the policy for removing a cleanup or other template after you've finished an edit?

2) Aren't the cleanup templates supposed to go on the respective talk pages, not on the article itself? 3) Why are the only dated cleanups for September 2004 and May 2005?

Thanks in advance, Jekoko 20:20, 6 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Whoa, you are one prompt person!

Thanks for clearing up my questions. The search I did for "CleanupDate" only gave me May 2005, not all the rest. I figured I had to be missing the rest of the year somewhere. They are all at the top of the WP:CU page you directed me to. :) Many thanks!  Jekoko 20:43, 6 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Mediation
To quote Ed Poor: If you DON'T leave a message at my talk page or send me an e-mail, Then I am NOT going to take on a Mediation. I want the "chairman" or whatever we call him or her to assign cases. I'm not going to volunteer. Andre ( talk ) 00:50, Jun 7, 2005 (UTC)

Mgm, in case you missed my message above (apologies for posting twice if you did not!):

I think the balls in your court now really - your ideas are good, you need to move things on to the next stage now. This is a golden opportunity! Dan100 11:10, Jun 6, 2005 (UTC)

 * And if you have another look at the MC page, you'll see that your clear to become Chair :-) Dan100 09:23, Jun 8, 2005 (UTC)

My FPC
Thanks for your comments at the FPC page on the Medal of Honor flag. I am writing to you since you provided mostly constructive criticism on my nomination of the image. I asked before if flag images could be nominated, and I got a response saying it could, but it will be tough. The user based it on a coat of arms image that failed to be featured. I thought I give my image a shot, and well, I know that I will lose this one. I will try better next time, unless the main objection is that it is just a drawing. If so, that is what is killing me. The image, though I drew it, technically is PD-USGov, since it is an image of a flag issued by the US Government. It was going to be used at two articles, but the Medal of Honor flag article was merged to the original Medal of Honor article. Plus, the image is at the Commons, so it clears that hurdle. Though I wish to stop ranting now, thanks again for the kind remarks. Zscout370 (Sound Off) 01:54, 7 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Mediation request
Hi Mgm, thanks for your note. I don't believe that mediation would be appropriate in this case (and I also thought there was no mediation committee at present). The editor seeking it is User:Baxter2, also editing as User:Baxter3, and User:68.10.35.153. He's almost certainly Bill White, the subject of the vanity piece he created at Bill White (activist). I haven't looked at the page today, and so I don't know whether he's reverted to his old version, but if you read the introduction of my last version, you'll see who he is. In brief, White is a far-right, anti-Semitic activist, associated with Stormfront and a number of other white-supremacist groups, and he wants to exercise editorial control over his WP entry. In particular, he wants to use the page as a repository for over 100 article titles he says are about him (though many are not); and he's linking to the WP article on his own website, calling the WP article "The Bill White Article Collection". He's being opposed by several editors on the page; the only one supporting him when I last checked was Sam Spade. The aim is to re-write the page so that it's fully sourced, which will take a couple of days. SlimVirgin (talk) 21:28, Jun 8, 2005 (UTC)

 * Sorry, I forgot to address the removal of what he's calling sources. I'm not aware of his having provided sources for anything. When I first looked the article, it was entirely unsourced, except for this very long list of articles at the end, not linked to, and not identified as references or sources; and many of them had nothing to do with him. So either he doesn't understand what a source is, or he's playing games. SlimVirgin (talk) 21:30, Jun 8, 2005 (UTC)

 * I saw this matter on User:SlimVirgin's page. I was the editor who first complained about the lack of sources for this extensive, detailed, and favorable biography. The response was 100 sources, most of which are newspaper mentions that not available via internet. This editor has been aggressive in dealing with editors who do not share his POV. In his short editing career he has issued numerous threats and complaints: on talk pages, VfDs, and on White's website. He has created a number of articles about associates of White's, which were initially unsourced and without indication of notability. When I nominated a few of them for VfD the editor in question responded immediately by attacking my motives. (He later added more information and sources, some of which appear to be unsupportive). All of which is to say that this is not just a two-editor dispute. If there is mediation as well then I would like to be a part of it. However this may be more of an "RfC" situation (which is what we've done for the article). It seems precipitous to call for mediation after only a couple of days of editing, just on the basis of an experienced editor removing an extraordinarily long list of references. Of course your involvement is welcome in any capacity. Cheers, -Willmcw 23:11, Jun 8, 2005 (UTC)

 * http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bill_White_%28activist%29&diff=14743047&oldid=14710316
 * http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Votes_for_deletion/Joe_Adams&diff=prev&oldid=14704274
 * http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Bill_White_%28activist%29&diff=prev&oldid=14850336
 * "The response of [Wikipedia's] left-wing and Jewish biographers was to delete all of the sources...Obviously, someone who does such a thing is not pursuing truth. They are pursuing a lie...This is also what I've dedicated my life to fighting. In fact, one of he common themes that winds through all of my politics, my stances, my extreme statements, my less extreme statements, and my involvement in different movements, it is my desire to see those people who pursue lies with such passion destroyed -- along with their societies, their cultures, their religions and their races." -http://www.overthrow.com/lsn/news.asp?articleID=8156

MGM- here are some diffs and a link to a new essay/blog by White. I don't want to overplay these threats - they're certainly mild and/or indirect. My point concerned how rapidly the editor started making threats and complaints. I agree that small-"m" mediation is best as early as possible. Capital-"M" Mediation is different, in my mind. Cheers,

krill
hallo mgm! thank you for your responses and time. Sometimes the art is to make information short, with pointing to larger volumes. Where are the rules how much media should be used in a wikipedia article? Space is on the harddrives enough. "An image says more than a thousand words". The article was once longer - I could have easily dumped text from scripts I still have from the times I lectured at the universities about krill or pasted from the 150 pages from articles with my students given at wikisource, but we wanted to keep it here condensed. The images and animations are considered as additional already, nobody is forced to scroll down on the page - as far as we know, the upper part of the page is formatted ok - otherwise please help us - keep up with your fine work and hallo to the Netherlands (I am from Flensburg) and good luck with your chemistry studies Uwe Kils 15:00, Jun 9, 2005 (UTC)
 * Guten Tag mgm! Danke für den Kommentar - in Allem ist persönlicher Geschmack - und wir können alles diskutieren, über alle Grenzen und Alter hinweg - ich werde Eure Hinweise hier besprechen. Ich hab schon etwas mehr Text hineingetan. Ist ja auch nur ein Versuch, und Diskussion ist immer gut - viele herzliche Grüsse über den Atlantik Uwe Kils 22:49, Jun 9, 2005 (UTC)
 * Please note that most Dutchmen don't speak German particularly well. German and Dutch languages are related, but not enough for it to be mutually understandable. Mgm|(talk) 04:50, Jun 10, 2005 (UTC)
 * sorry - but you have on your user page a tab that you do speak German - was not so important anyway, I just tried to be friendly and cooperative - I contribute much more n the Englishserverside than on the German, but I note what you wrote Uwe Kils 12:06, Jun 10, 2005 (UTC)

German
Don't worry about it. I do understand German myself, but I prefer English or Dutch communication. So you don't need to talk German unless it's easier for yourself. Mgm|(talk) 12:17, Jun 10, 2005 (UTC)
 * thank you, I was invited into the USA because our works on the hatching web, so I do speak some English - would you be willing to serve as student on a board for our Virtual_University proposals? We plan it to be within wikipedia (priority if wanted) or as fork in wikinfo or a new wiki forking off Uwe Kils 13:02, Jun 10, 2005 (UTC)
 * can you protect for us http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antarctic_krill/ice for a demo please Uwe Kils 14:50, Jun 10, 2005 (UTC)
 * thank you, that is ok with us. We changed it to http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Kils/Antarctic_krill/frozen can you protect that please Uwe Kils 18:07, Jun 10, 2005 (UTC)

Houston Chronicle Mediation
I've heard you were involved in a content dispute on this page, so I'm asking you if you'd be willing to talk about your views on the matter to help mediation. Please indicate if you are willing to do so and promise the follow these rules.
 * 1) You won't edit the article while mediation is ongoing. Suspected sockpuppeting should be reported to me personally for investigation.
 * 2) No comments aimed at the other party or their edits should contain loaded language that can be construed as offensive or otherwise hurtful.
 * 3) Mediation should be done in good faith without regard for previous editing behavior.
 * 4) Comments should be made about the other person's edits and not them as a person. If possible you should try to bring sources to the table which I can review.
 * If, somewhere along the way, you think there's a possibility to reach an agreement on any of the disputed points, let it be known as soon as you can.

Please respond on my talk page as soon as you can. -- Mgm|(talk) 18:49, Jun 10, 2005 (UTC)

 * I'd be happy to participate in Mediation (capital "M" this time) if the other key editors participate too. Thanks for getting involved. Cheers, -Willmcw 22:44, Jun 10, 2005 (UTC)

 * I'm somewhat agreeable to mediation with a couple caveats. I do not agree that the article should be closed from edits during mediation 'as long as 3RR violations and other "revert war" situations do not arise. Halting all edits entirely IMO constrains the use of the editing mechanism towards a working solution and restricts the debate to two stagnant previous versions. Furthermore, while I am open to outside or public participation in this dispute, I would prefer that it focus primarily upon the differences between myself and Katefan0 regarding the section in question. As I detailed to you previously, I have strong reasons to doubt the motives of certain participants in this particular dispute and believe that their immediate involvement would be generally deconstructive to any attempt at resolving the primary disputes between myself and Katefan. Thanks again. Rangerdude 02:18, 11 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * I would prefer to have editors agree not to tinker with disputed sections in question while we work on an agreement in the talk pages. That's the standard way of proceeding with dispute resolution.  Otherwise we'll just end up edit warring.  · Katefan0(scribble) 14:02, Jun 11, 2005 (UTC)
 * I disagree. Wikipedia already has policies such as 3RR to inhibit edit wars. If these are violated then a basis for halting changes may exist, but so far they have been followed. Furthermore, I am of the belief that halting edits will restrict the discussion to two previous stagnant versions of the text. Since Katefan0 is espousing a fairly absolutist position that her version should be substituted in full, halting the editing process could restrict our options and unduly advantage that substitution. Rangerdude 14:33, 11 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * That's what mediation is for. We can work toward a resolution in a talk page, modifying text until we both agree.  There's no reason to, while we are working on disputed text, simply paste something into the live version that we all perhaps can't agree on.  This seems imminently sensible to me. · Katefan0(scribble) 14:55, Jun 12, 2005 (UTC)
 * I don't object to developing a working version in the mediation page. I simply don't see anything to be gained from restricting the regular page as well beyond what already exists under 3RR and other related "revert war" policies, which have not been an issue despite the dispute. I will voluntarily agree to keep my edits to existing texts to a minimum during mediation excepting extraordinary unforseen circumstances, but I do not believe a bar on edits should be firmly imposed for the reasons mentioned previously. Rangerdude 19:39, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Is this mediation going to happen or have some editors vetoed it? I see that the article is being very actively edited. Thanks, -Willmcw 21:12, Jun 13, 2005 (UTC)

krill
Dear mgm, I addressed the objections that were raised, thank you very much for the advice - it would be nice if you would take another look at Antarctic krill - best greetings Uwe Kils 03:55, Jun 12, 2005 (UTC)

Edit war on Zanskar
Hi Mgm, was wondering if you could do us a favor. Mr Tan is trying to copyedit Zanskar even though there is no problem with the article. I, along with another user, have tried to talk him out of this, showing that Zanskar has no apparent or immediate problems in grammar, spelling, or style, and also that this editing spree of his might only introduce errors into the document, as his previous edits on the article have proven. We suggested that he make a draft of his version, but he refused, saying that he saw the need for a draft unnecessary, and proceeded to put up the cleanup tag on the article. Moreover, he has not listened to our requests, and now is accusing us of not listening to his requests. To give him time to understand the situation, I have broken off communication with him until he can comprehend the situation. Alas, it seems that he is also ready to participate in an edit war:

'''"You want edit war? Go ahead."; "But if you do not co-operate, I have to indulge in an edit war, ..."

He wants to act like the Godhead here:

'''"We have already come to a stage where you have to obey me, not the reverse in this article."

We have, however, never forced him to do or not do anything. If you want a small sampling of his edits, I'll refer you here.

For the sake of our poor readers, I'd like this page to be protected. Thanks. JMBell° 15:49, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)

''P.S. Some help with Mr Tan would be appreciated too, if you have the time and patience. :)

User name
Hi Mgm! Thanks for your quick reply at Help desk. I'll really ask a developer if anything can be done as to this unfortunate name (Eleassar). But now I see that different developers have different accesses. Whom do you suggest me asking? If for example I asked Angela, do you think she would be able to help? Thanks and happy wiki-ing! -- Eleassar  my talk 20:30, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Zanskar
Firstly, I am here to thank you for your page protection. While I am already very angry for Bell treating me like a dirt on his last comment on Talk:Zanskar, I would be very grateful if you can give me your attention to let me elaborate on my reasons:

Although technically there is no problem with the grammar, I am not satisfied with the styling in contrast to average Wikipedia articles in retrospect to Guide to writing better articles.

However, to my horror, they told me in "retaliation" by saying that it is perfect; so I ask if it is fit enough for Featured article candidate, but they did not respond. If you notice, much of the facts, didtantly related, are clumped into one, large, single paragraph which wasn't their style on copyediting Kinnaur.

I have also suggested a draft; but on consideration a draft may not work well because I am doing content restructuring. Coming to the reason of why I said that "We have already come to a stage where you have to obey me, not the reverse in this article.", I need their co-opeeration to let me do whatever I like to the article for the time being, because as you can see, both parties; while JMBell has suggested that I should not edit; I objected; and we fought.

So, I came to this conclusion that I need their co-operation for them to listen to me; not the reverse; otherwise everything will get stalled up, and this is what happened.

Also, as you can see, Bell stated that "And if you don't want to start an edit war, don't revise anymore. Fair warning again.". To me, this is a way that Bell is trying to threaten-dictate me, and I do not like that, for I myself already know that we have reached a stage where things can only work where I need their attention. However, I stated "You want edit war? Go ahead."; "But if you do not co-operate, I have to indulge in an edit war, ...", for I do not want the article to be in such a state. I really want things to work as they are, so I have to reassert them mentally, for I realise that have been forced to the only way out.

MGM, I would appreciate that we can go through a person-to-person discussion concerning Zanskar. Thanks.

Mr Tan 05:40, 13 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * G'bye, everyone. And for the record, I am very particular about human rights and equal justice so what he's saying is rubbish. JMBell° 06:34, 13 Jun 2005 (UTC)

You better shut up, Bell, for I am not a doll which you can treat me or scold me in anyway you like. I am serious on the article, and I want a civil discussion.

Mr Tan 11:41, 13 Jun 2005 (UTC)

I am very happy and grateful at your attitude in contrast to the article. However, I would like to inquire how should I give you the list of edits that I would like to made, for I apologise I do not know how to do it. Or I suggest a draft which is less troublesome---but I do not trust it for the intereptation level is lower but more convinent, which is the source of our poor misunderstandings--I am sorry for my comprehensive skills are not very good.

Or I directly edit on the page itself, without interruptions within a scheduled period of time and that was what I proposed to do. But Bell and Mel misinterpreted it as me trying to take control of the article, firmly stating that my English skills three months ago proved to be very poor. But a person three months ago need not necessarily be the same as of today!

Also, I would be very happy if you can fix a scheduled dateline somewhere within a week from now, for I really needs this batch of time to sort things out.

Mr Tan 12:00, 13 Jun 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:MacGyverMagic/Archive 9