text:
User talk:Staxringold

WikiWednesday (April 10) and City Tech Library LGBTQIA edit-a-thon (April 11)
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The Bugle: Issue 216, April 2024
The Bugle is published by the Military history WikiProject. To receive it on your talk page, please join the project or sign up here. If you are a project member who does not want delivery, please remove your name from this page. Your editors, Ian Rose (talk) and Nick-D (talk) 23:08, 8 April 2024 (UTC)

WikiCup 2024 April newsletter
We are approaching the end of the 2024 WikiCup's second round, with a little over two weeks remaining. Currently, contestants must score at least 105 points to progress to the third round.

Our current top scorers are as follows:

 * with 642 points, mostly from 11 GAs about radio and television;
 * with 530 points, mostly from two FAs (Well he would, wouldn't he? and Cora Agnes Benneson) and three GAs;
 * with 523 points, mostly from 11 GAs about coinage and history;
 * with 497 points, mostly from a FA about the 2020 season of the soccer club Seattle Sounders FC and two GAs;
 * with 410 points, mostly from a FA about the drink Capri-Sun and three GAs;
 * with 330 points, mostly from a FA about the English botanist Anna Blackburne and a GA.

Competitors may submit work for the second round until the end of 28 April, and the third round starts 1 May. Remember that only competitors with the top 32 scores will make it through to the third round. If you are concerned that your nomination will not receive the necessary reviews, and you hope to get it promoted before the end of the round, please list it on WikiCup/Reviews. Please remember to continue to offer reviews at GAN, FAC and all the other pages that require them to prevent any backlogs. As a reminder, competitors are strictly prohibited from gaming Wikipedia policies or processes to receive more points.

If you would like to learn more about rules and scoring for the 2024 WikiCup, please read WikiCup/Scoring. Further questions are welcome on Wikipedia talk:WikiCup and the judges (,, and ) are reachable on their talk pages. Good luck! If you wish to start or stop receiving this newsletter, please feel free to add or remove your name from WikiCup/Newsletter/Send. MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 15:06, 12 April 2024 (UTC)

Nomination of Volusia error for deletion
A discussion is taking place as to whether the article Volusia error is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or whether it should be deleted.

The article will be discussed at Articles for deletion/Volusia error until a consensus is reached, and anyone, including you, is welcome to contribute to the discussion. The nomination will explain the policies and guidelines which are of concern. The discussion focuses on high-quality evidence and our policies and guidelines.

Users may edit the article during the discussion, including to improve the article to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion notice from the top of the article until the discussion has finished. Helpful Raccoon (talk) 04:01, 18 April 2024 (UTC)

Thu April 25: WikiNYC Hacking Night
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The Signpost: 25 April 2024
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WikiCup 2024 May newsletter
The second round of the 2024 WikiCup ended on 28 April. This round was particularly competitive: each of the 32 contestants who advanced to Round 3 scored at least 141 points. This is the highest number of points required to advance to Round 3 since 2014.

The following scorers in Round 2 all scored more than 500 points:
 * with 707 points, mostly from 45 good article nomination reviews and 12 good articless about radio and television;
 * with 600 points, mostly from 12 good articles and 12 did you know nominations about coinage and history;
 * with 552 points, mostly from a featured article about the 2020 Seattle Sounders FC season, three featured lists, and two good articles;
 * with 548 points, mostly from a featured article about the snooker player John Pulman, two featured lists, and one good article;
 * with 530 points, mostly from two featured articles (Well he would, wouldn't he? and Cora Agnes Benneson) and three good articles.

The full scores for Round 2 can be seen here. So far this year, competitors have gotten 18 featured articles, 22 featured lists, and 186 good articles, 76 in the news credits and at least 200 did you know credits. They have conducted 165 featured article reviews, as well as 399 good article reviews and peer reviews, and have added 21 articles to featured topics and good topics.

Remember that any content promoted after 28 April but before the start of Round 3 can be claimed during Round 3, which starts on 1 May at 00:00 (UTC). Invitations for collaborative writing efforts or any other discussion of potentially interesting work is always welcome on the WikiCup talk page. Remember, if two or more WikiCup competitors have done significant work on an article, all can claim points. If you are concerned that your nomination—whether it is at good article candidates, a featured process, or anywhere else—will not receive the necessary reviews, please list it on WikiCup/Reviews Needed.

If you would like to learn more about rules and scoring for the 2024 WikiCup, please see this page. Further questions are welcome on Wikipedia talk:WikiCup and the judges (,, and ) are reachable on their talk pages. Good luck! If you wish to start or stop receiving this newsletter, please feel free to add or remove your name from WikiCup/Newsletter/Send. MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 13:38, 29 April 2024 (UTC)

Pending suspension of administrative permissions due to insufficient activity
Established policy provides for the removal of the administrative permissions of users who have made fewer than 100 edits over a 60-month period. Your administrative permissions will be removed if you do not return to the required activity level before the beginning of August 2024.

Inactive administrators are encouraged to engage with the project in earnest rather than to make token edits to avoid loss of administrative permissions. Resources and support for re-engaging with the project are available at WikiProject Editor Retention/administrators. If you do not intend to re-engage with the project in the foreseeable future, please consider voluntarily resigning your administrative permissions by making a request at the bureaucrats' noticeboard.

Thank you for your past contributions to the project. — JJMC89 bot 00:22, 1 May 2024 (UTC)

May 8: WikiWednesday Salon with new Executive Director
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The Bugle: Issue 217, May 2024
The Bugle is published by the Military history WikiProject. To receive it on your talk page, please join the project or sign up here. If you are a project member who does not want delivery, please remove your name from this page. Your editors, Ian Rose (talk) and Nick-D (talk) 20:19, 7 May 2024 (UTC)

The Signpost: 16 May 2024
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June 2: Hacking Sunday (+preview of June 8 Wiknic)
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Sat June 8: Governors Island Wiknic
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The Signpost: 8 June 2024
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The Bugle: Issue 218, June 2024
The Bugle is published by the Military history WikiProject. To receive it on your talk page, please join the project or sign up here. If you are a project member who does not want delivery, please remove your name from this page. Your editors, Ian Rose (talk) and Nick-D (talk) 09:42, 10 June 2024 (UTC)

June 26: ONLINE WikiWednesday Salon NYC
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WikiCup 2024 July newsletter
The third round of the 2024 WikiCup ended on 28 June. As with Round 2, this round was competitive: each of the 16 contestants who advanced to Round 4 scored at least 256 points.

The following editors all scored more than 400 points in Round 3:

 * with 1,059 points, mostly from 1 featured article on DeLancey W. Gill, 11 good articles, 18 did you know nominations, and dozens of reviews;
 * with 673 points, mostly from 2 featured articles on Worlds (Porter Robinson album) and I'm God, 5 good articles, and 2 did you know nominations;
 * with 557 points, mostly from 1 featured article on KNXV-TV, 5 good articles, and 8 did you know nominations; and
 * with 415 points, mostly from 1 featured article on Great cuckoo-dove, with a high number of bonus points from that article.

The full scores for round 3 can be seen here. So far this year, competitors have gotten 28 featured articles, 38 featured lists, 240 good articles, 92 in the news credits, and at least 285 did you know credits. They have conducted 279 featured article reviews, as well as 492 good article reviews and peer reviews, and have added 22 articles to featured topics and good topics.

Remember that any content promoted after 28 June but before the start of Round 4 can be claimed during Round 4, which starts on 1 July at 00:00 (UTC). Invitations for collaborative writing efforts or any other discussion of potentially interesting work is always welcome on the WikiCup talk page. Remember, if two or more WikiCup competitors have done significant work on an article, all can claim points. If you are concerned that your nomination—whether for a good article, featured content, or anything else—will not receive the necessary reviews, please list it on WikiCup/Reviews Needed.

If you would like to learn more about rules and scoring for the 2024 WikiCup, please see this page. Further questions are welcome on Wikipedia talk:WikiCup and the judges (,, and ) are reachable on their talk pages. Good luck! If you wish to start or stop receiving this newsletter, please feel free to add or remove your name from WikiCup/Newsletter/Send. MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 21:30, 29 June 2024 (UTC)

The Signpost: 4 July 2024
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The Bugle: Issue 219, July 2024
The Bugle is published by the Military history WikiProject. To receive it on your talk page, please join the project or sign up here. If you are a project member who does not want delivery, please remove your name from this page. Your editors, Ian Rose (talk) and Nick-D (talk) 12:08, 13 July 2024 (UTC)

Fri July 19: Wikicurious in NYC, Editing Wikipedia for Beginners
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title: User talk:Staxringold


text:
User:Awyllie

I am president of a technology firm in Florida, editor for a regional news web site, and deeply involved in Florida politics. My areas of expetise are Tampa Bay Area history, computers and networking, and Florida politics. I have been a Wikipedia editor since 2005.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User:Awyllie


text:
Island Head (Queensland)

Island Head is at the northern end of a mountainous peninsula on the Central Queensland coast between Yeppoon and St Lawrence. It has two natural harbours, Port Clinton in the south and Island Head Creek in the north. The western side of the peninsula is Shoalwater Bay, a well known military training area.

title: Island Head (Queensland)


text:
Wash It All Off

"Wash It All Off" is a song by You've Got Foetus on Your Breath, written by J. G. Thirlwell. It was released as a single in April 1981 by Self Immolation, pressed in a limited edition of 1,000 discs.

Formats and track listing
All songs written by J. G. Thirlwell
 * UK 7" single (WOMB ALL007)
 * 1) "Wash It All Off"
 * 2) "333"

Personnel
Adapted from the Wash It All Off liner notes.
 * J. G. Thirlwell (as You've Got Foetus on Your Breath) – vocals, instruments, production

title: Wash It All Off


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Quadraxis

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was REDIRECT Metroid Prime 2: Echoes. The material has already been added verbatim to the target, and this was not a nomination for deletion anyway. -Splash 22:11, 23 August 2005 (UTC)

Quadraxis
Like the Amorbis article, this could just be contained in the Metroid Prime 2: Echoes article. Thunderbrand 04:47, August 23, 2005 (UTC)

 * Merge and Redirect to Metroid Prime 2: Echoes. Thunderbrand 04:47, August 23, 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge and Redirect per Thunderbrand. freestylefrappe 05:24, August 23, 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge and Redirect per Thunderbrand. Alf 10:51, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge and Redirect as suggested. --Wwwwolf 11:42, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Rodney Roque

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was speedy delete as per WP:CSD clause A7. Fernando Rizo T/C 17:05, 23 August 2005 (UTC)

Rodney Roque
Vanity page. No entry in google search. Hurricane111 04:49, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, vanity. --fvw *  04:52, August 23, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. --Agamemnon2 09:41, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. User Likerosesare might like to userfy it if he wishes, but not in the mainspace. Alf 11:00, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * A7 Speedy Delete - no assertion of notability, vanity. Proto t c 12:45, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy Delete this rubbish. Dottore So 17:01, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Lethbridge Park, New South Wales

Lethbridge Park is a suburb of Greater Western Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. It is 47 kilometres west of the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of the City of Blacktown and is part of the Greater Western Sydney region.

History
Lethbridge Park takes its name from the Lethbridge family. Robert Copeland Lethbridge settled at Werrington on a land grant made on 1 January 1806, while his sister Harriet settled on the Dunheved estate. The district's two pioneering families were united by marriage. Harriet Lethbridge was married to Captain Phillip Parker King (1791-1856), son of Governor Philip Gidley King and Anna Josepha King. Robert Copeland Lethbridge married King's sister, Mary.

Education
Lethbridge Park Primary School is a public school covering Kindergarten to Grade 6.

Notable residents

 * Roy Courlander, British Fascist and later member of the British Free Corps SS Unit

title: Lethbridge Park, New South Wales


text:
Antimonide mineral

An antimonide mineral is a mineral that contains antimonide for its main anion. The antimonides are structurally similar to the sulfides and are grouped with them in both the Dana and Strunz mineral classification systems.

Examples include:
 * Breithauptite
 * Cuprostibite
 * Stibiopalladinite

title: Antimonide mineral


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Andrew lawson

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was speedy delete. -- RHaworth 06:10:30, 2005-08-23 (UTC)

Andrew lawson

 * Delete. Non-notable vanity page. —Charles O'Rourke 04:51, August 23, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Non-notable vanity page. --Hurricane111 04:57, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy. Textbook example of CSD A7. I've marked it as such, no need for this one to wait around for five days. android  79  05:03, August 23, 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
File talk:Toby 3.png

I'D HIT IT!

I've read the associated wikiproject and don't see what this image is trying to convey. The circle-with-slash seems to convey "No Tobys Allowed" if that thing inside is Toby. Which brings me to my next point: Is Toby an anthropomorphic cherry bomb? Perhaps he looks so alarmed because he is about to explode. My most generous interpretation of the whole image is something like "You will not be shocked," but I don't know if that's what was intended at all.

If the slashed circle is popular, and the anthropomorphic aspect is popular, I suggest (though it may turn out terribly, terribly cheesy) an anthropomorphic slashed red circle. Y'know, stick some eyes on it, perhaps a smile as the bottom arc of the circle. Try out limbs and see how they look (big beefy arm, maybe some wings if he's a wing-a-ling Toby). That sort of thing. Just try to make it clear that the slashed circle is the thing with the face, and it's not an indication of "no smiley faces." LizardWizard 04:52, August 23, 2005 (UTC)

 * "You will not be shocked" -- yeh, that's about the message.

 * I admit, the icon is terribly cheesy -- I aimed straight for the lowest common social denominator. You're more than welcome to improve it, but keep it cute. Don't forget to create a matching Image:Toby-off.png. — Xiong 熊 talk * 04:55, 2005 August 27 (UTC)

Copyvio?
As much as I dislike Toby, I do like this picture. But, I distinctly remember seeing that character in the past, and I have no idea where. What did you do to create this picture? --Phroziac (talk) 15:35, 28 August 2005 (UTC)

 * I assert, quite boldly indeed, that I am the sole creator of this original work. The slashed-red-circle element, of course, is an international symbol, beneath even the concept of public domain -- you might as well criticize Toby's hair for being the arc of a circle. The particular arrangement of graphic elements that compose Toby is wholly my creation.

 * Indeed, it may bear a very rough, passing resemblance to a hundred other bland, generic cartoon characters -- none of which are copies of each other, but all of which draw, in some undefinable way, upon the common stock of graphic language we share. For instance, I am not the first to indicate a very young child by a single long hair.

 * I find it difficult to assume good faith in this charge; however, you may immediately dispel any odor that attaches to your act by producing a credible prototype of Toby. That may not be enough to prove copyvio, but still enough to keep your action within limits acceptable to our Community. I stand ready to produce every workfile that led up to the finished product.

 * Meantime, I expect you will forthwith remove the offensive label (how ironic!) from Toby's likeness. I uploaded it with a declaration that I am the original creator; you must rebut that assertion to challenge it. — Xiong 熊 talk * 05:07, 2005 September 3 (UTC)

 * In response to this, and your user talk message, I did indeed make this claim in good faith. Maybe I did see something vaguely resembling him in the past. Since you assert you really did make it, I'll remove the tag. I'm not interested in work files, and they would most likely not be compatible with my image editing software anyway. (The GIMP and Paintshop Pro 7). -- Phroziac (talk) 05:11, September 3, 2005 (UTC)

 * I accept your action; I apologize for any excessively hostile tone in my request. I'm sure you did see something vaguely resembling Toby in the past; as I said above, I aimed straight for the lowest common social denominator. Perhaps that's why all the Wikipedian Elitists hate him so much -- he is so very common.

 * As for technical details -- I'm not sure how much you really want to know. However, I shall explain as best I can -- not here, out of consideration for those who recoil from such graphomania, but at Toby/How. — Xiong 熊 talk * 06:41, 2005 September 3 (UTC)

 * Heh, ok. Toby is round because breasts are round? And uhm, what is he anyway? He looks like a bomb to me. -- Phroziac (talk) 15:35, September 3, 2005 (UTC)

title: File talk:Toby 3.png


text:
Antiflatulent

An antiflatulent (or deflatulent) agent is a drug used for the alleviation or prevention of excessive intestinal gas, i.e., flatulence.

Preventing gas

 * Enzymes – Enzyme-based dietary supplements break down indigestible substances and prevent these substances from reaching the large intestine intact – where anaerobic bacteria produce gas. Substances indigestible by humans are usually present in foods associated with flatulence, like beans. When these substances reach the large intestine intact, they may be fermented by intestinal bacteria, thereby causing gas production.  These supplements are usually taken with foods associated with flatulence. It is important to take the appropriate enzyme with the appropriate food. When consuming beans and other vegetables high in complex carbohydrates, it may be helpful to take a product that contains alpha-galactosidase, such as Beano or kombu. Additionally, for individuals with lactose intolerance, taking a lactase-containing product with lactose-containing foodstuffs may reduce flatulence.
 * Herbal inhibitors – Many herbal substances have been observed since antiquity for reducing flatulence, particularly gas from eating legumes. Cloves, nutmeg, cinnamon, and garlic are potent in reducing gas. The potency of garlic increases when heated, whereas the potency of cinnamon decreases. Other spices have a lesser effect in reducing gas, including turmeric, black pepper, asafoetida and ginger. Other common Indian spices, cumin, aniseed, ajowan, and cardamom do not inhibit gas production, in fact they exacerbate it significantly.

Relieving gas
For the alleviation of flatulence, an antifoaming agent such as simethicone may be taken orally. This agent will coalesce the smaller gas bubbles into larger bubbles, thereby easing the release of gas within the gastrointestinal tract via burping or flatulence.

Antifoaming agents

 * Simethicone (also marketed under the name "Gas-X" in some countries)

Enzyme-based dietary supplements

 * Beano
 * Lactase (brand Lactaid)

Herbal antiflatulents

 * Epazote is claimed to have antiflatulent properties.
 * Asafoetida reduces the growth of indigenous microflora in the gut thereby reducing flatulence.

title: Antiflatulent


text:
David Hurst Thomas

David Hurst Thomas (born 1945) is the curator of North American Archaeology in the Division of Anthropology at the American Museum of Natural History and a professor at Richard Gilder Graduate School. He was previously a chairman of the American Museum of Natural History's Anthropology Division.

Career
Thomas was born and raised in California, and after initially wanting to major in pre-med, ended up receiving all of his degrees in anthropology (including a Ph.D. in 1971) from the University of California, Davis instead. He is one of the founding trustees for the National Museum of the American Indian at the Smithsonian Institution, was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 1989, and received the Presidential Recognition Award from the Society for American Archaeology.

During his 35-year tenure at the AMNH, Thomas has published dozens of books, ranging from technical site reports to widely used popular textbooks and has been involved in archaeological fieldwork throughout North America. His best known projects include excavations at the Gatecliff Rockshelter in Nevada, which is the deepest stratified rockshelter in North America; on St. Catherines Island in Georgia, where he discovered the site of the Franciscan mission Santa Catalina de Guale; and the Spanish mission south of Santa Fe, New Mexico.

Thomas's academic research is varied, with concentrations on the human response to environmental change in the Great Basin, as well as the consequences of Spanish exploration and colonization of the South on indigenous people in the region.

One of Thomas's main foci is the relationship between Native American and anthropological communities. He has written extensively about the lawsuit against the federal government that prevented the repatriation of the Kennewick Man remains and has worked to support positive relationships between the scientific and native communities in North America. He believes that if better working relationships had been established before and during the Kennewick case, both sides could have come to an agreement without taking it to the level of the federal courts.

Thomas is a major supporter of Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA) and is sympathetic to Native American rights. The NAGPRA is legislation passed in November 1990 recognizing that Native American people have a special stake in the history of this country, and that museums have acquired items that are inappropriate (human remains, grave goods, items of cultural patrimony), that tribes need to be notified by museums with these items in their collections, and that decisions have to be made by both sides about repatriation. The law also applies to new finds, so that there are rules that apply to federal/state/Indian lands where artifacts are found as well.

Thomas is also known as an educator and proponent of public involvement in archaeology. In addition to the many textbooks that he has written or co-authored, he is also actively involved in public outreach through the AMNH, and has helped produce a children's television show, called DIGS, that introduces kids (and their parents) to the discipline of archaeology in an easy to understand, fun, “hands-on” way. He has held several university positions and he has also made a major contribution to the field (and managed to start his own academic lineage) by acting as a mentor to one of the current top names in hunter-gatherer archaeology. Robert Kelly, who worked as a volunteer with Thomas at Gatecliff Rockshelter as a teenager, has published numerous books and articles, has been voted president of the Society for American Archaeology, is currently head of the Anthropology Department at the University of Wyoming, and has mentored dozens of students himself in a relatively short period of time.

Published works

 * Archaeology, 6th edition (2013)
 * St. Catherines: An Island in Time (2011, 1988)
 * Skull Wars: Kennewick Man, Archaeology, and the Battle for Native American Identity (2001, 2000)
 * Exploring Ancient Native America: An Archaeological Guide (1994)
 * Native North America (2000)

title: David Hurst Thomas


text:
Talk:Marayong, New South Wales

Page move
This page was moved from "Marayong" to "Marayong, New South Wales" as per the naming convention set out at Wikipedia:Naming conventions (places) – Ianblair23 04:54, 23 August 2005 (UTC)

External links modified
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title: Talk:Marayong, New South Wales


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Chustle

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete. Bratsche talk 5 pillars 02:22, August 29, 2005 (UTC)

Chustle
Dictdef, neologism. --fvw *  04:54, August 23, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete as per fvw DES (talk) 06:06, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Even this ref to dance music wouldn't be right here. I'll advise editor on wiktionary. Alf 11:22, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete per nominator. --GraemeL (talk) 11:38, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Chustle


text:
Arsenide mineral

An arsenide mineral is a mineral that contains arsenide as its main anion. Arsenides are grouped with the sulfides in both the Dana and Strunz mineral classification systems.

Examples

 * algodonite Cu6As
 * domeykite Cu3As
 * löllingite FeAs2
 * nickeline NiAs
 * rammelsbergite NiAs2
 * safflorite (Co,Fe)As2
 * skutterudite (Co,Ni)As3
 * sperrylite PtAs2

title: Arsenide mineral


text: User talk:67.40.209.31

title: User talk:67.40.209.31


text:
User:Utd~enwiki

testing.........

SE 4480

title: User:Utd~enwiki


text: Template:CFL Stadiums

title: Template:CFL Stadiums


text:
Talk:Short Cuts

Speculation in plot summary
This section of the plot summary gave me pause: "In the aftermath, Jerry's murder of the girl is attributed to a falling rock during the earthquake, and the implication is that he may also be responsible for the submerged body in the river." In what way is this implied? I'm not sure there's anything in the text itself that backs this up. If this is just fan speculation, I'm for eliminating the second half of this sentence for accuracy's sake.

Zoombrute (talk) 08:02, 14 June 2014 (UTC)

title: Talk:Short Cuts


text:
Mark Twain Zephyr

The Mark Twain Zephyr was an early diesel four-unit articulated zephyr train that was similar to the Pioneer Zephyr in style. The train was built by the Budd Company and was powered by a diesel engine produced by the Winton Engine Company. The train was named after the renowned author Mark Twain because it was scheduled to provide service from St. Louis, Missouri to Burlington, Iowa via his hometown Hannibal, Missouri. The train's exterior structure used stainless steel, and had a "shovel nose" front.

The power car, number 9903, was named Injun Joe. The three trailer cars received other names of Mark Twain characters: Becky Thatcher, Tom Sawyer and Huck Finn. The train was christened on October 25, 1935, in Hannibal by Nina Clemens Gabilowitsch (1910-1966), the granddaughter and ultimately last descendant of its namesake. The ceremony was broadcast coast to coast on CBS radio. Two days later, it entered revenue service.

CB&Q ownership
The Mark Twain Zephyr was operated by the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad between October 1935 and April 1958.

While the train's "home route" was considered the railroad line between Burlington, Iowa and St. Louis, Missouri via Hannibal, Missouri, the train only spent about half of its 22.5-year life operating on that route. The equipment was frequently used on other CB&Q routes, most notably: Chicago to Denver, Colorado (1936); Chicago to St. Paul, Minnesota (a few weeks in 1936); St. Louis to Kansas City, Missouri (various extended periods between 1937 and 1942); Dallas to Houston (a few months in 1938); and Galesburg, Illinois to St. Joseph, Missouri (1953-1957).

The Mark Twain Zephyr made newspaper headlines following two 1948 accidents: On Saturday, July 31, 1948, the train derailed at the railroad bridge over Devils Creek about four miles west of Viele, Iowa. Only two passengers sustained minor injuries. On Wednesday, October 17, 1948, the trainset was again damaged by hitting a loaded sand truck at Spring Grove, Iowa. Neither the passengers nor the truck driver were hurt.

In the early 1950s, the Mark Twain Zephyr had two separate incidents involving Mississippi River barges while operating on the CB&Q's 'K-Line', which parallels the busy shipping waterway in Iowa. The first (and most serious) event occurred on Thursday, November 16, 1950. According to news reports, an empty oil barge belonging to the W.C. Harms Company went up on shore north of Keokuk, Iowa, and over the track. The cars 'Injun Joe' and 'Becky Thatcher' derailed after striking the barge. There was only one minor injury, and the 19 passengers continued to Burlington via a Keokuk City bus. Rail traffic had to be rerouted via the Carthage branch until the two units could be re-railed. The first wrecker sent from Galesburg was too light for the task so a second wrecker had to be sent. Less than one year later, on Sunday, August 19, 1951, newspaper reports indicate that a barge again was washed ashore over the tracks near the exact same spot in Keokuk. Luckily, the engineer was able to stop in time and the train did not hit it. There was, however, a delay for workers to clear the tracks.

In many ways, the articulated design of the Mark Twain Zephyr, which was done to make the train more aerodynamic, became its own downfall. Owing to the fixed design, the CB&Q could not add additional cars to the trainset during peak travel periods. Crews often had to set up folding chairs in the baggage car for overflow seating, especially during holiday weekends and even for the weekly southbound run into St. Louis on Sunday evenings. The Mark Twain Zephyr saw its last day of operation on April 27, 1958. It was replaced by trains that could have coaches added or subtracted due to demand.

Previous private ownership
After being retired by the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad (CB&Q) in April 1958, the Mark Twain Zephyr was put into storage at a locomotive shop in West Burlington, Iowa.

In June 1960, the Mark Twain Zephyr was purchased by Charles "Frank" Dashner of Glenwood, Iowa. Dashner's original plan was to sell the train to Cuba; however, rising tensions over Communism and the Cuban Missile Crisis quickly put an end to that opportunity. Dashner then wanted to develop the Mark Twain Zephyr into a rail-themed restaurant and motel, which would have been located at the then newly built Interstate 29 and U.S. Highway 34 intersection. Before Dashner could make the final payment on the Mark Twain Zephyr, he died on February 24, 1961, at the age of 51. The train, pending final payment, had not been moved from the CB&Q Shops in West Burlington, Iowa. Dashner's widow and then two teenage children had no interest in continuing to own the train. Thus, ownership reverted to the CB&Q, who put it up for sale again.

In June 1962, the Mark Twain Zephyr was purchased by Ernie A. Hayes of Mount Pleasant, Iowa. Hayes owned an insurance company and was a community activist promoting tourism to Mount Pleasant and Southeast Iowa. Hayes was also the creator and developer of the Avenue of the Saints, a highway linking the Twin Cities and St. Louis. The train was moved to Mount Pleasant in September 1962, where it was kept at the Old Thresher's Reunion site in McMillan Park. Hayes encouraged the Midwest Central Railroad, which was part of Old Threshers Reunion, to construct a standard gauge loop track so the train could be put into service as a regional tourist attraction.

In December 1968, Hayes donated the Mark Twain Zephyr outright to the Old Thresher's Reunion and Midwest Central Railroad in hopes of spurring interest. The train remained at their McMillan Park property in Mount Pleasant, Iowa, for the next 11 years. The Boards of Directors of Old Thresher's Reunion and the Midwest Central Railroad were often at odds as to whether it was worth the money to pay for its restoration and build the track needed for it to operate. Some officials felt it would be worth it; others felt their organization's limited funds should be spent on old steam tractors instead. It suffered significant damage from vandalism during the 1970s while in Mount Pleasant and was never restored or operated. During the winter of 1978–1979, Lennis Moore, the then-new CEO of Old Thresher's Reunion and the Midwest Central Railroad, persuaded the Board to begin looking for buyers.

In the Spring of 1979, the train was purchased by Alexander Barket Sr., a prominent Kansas City bank president and real estate promoter specializing in the rehabilitation of commercial buildings. Earlier, Barket had purchased and refurbished more than two dozen passenger cars from the original CB&Q Denver Zephyr and Texas Zephyr; however, he sold them to a railroad in Saudi Arabia in 1976 to pay off mounting legal bills. Barket Sr. planned to restore the Mark Twain Zephyr and possibly turn it into a tourist railroad that would carry passengers through nearby Swope Park in Kansas City. However, he died unexpectedly in June 1979 while the train cars were being moved from Mount Pleasant, Iowa to a siding on the southwest side of Kansas City.

After Barket Sr.'s untimely death, settling his estate became a complicated tangle of lawsuits involving his various companies, creditors, family members, and others. Ownership of the Mark Twain Zephyr finally ended up with Westgate Bancshares, Inc., which was headed up by Ken A. Wilson. A 1983 appraisal reported the Mark Twain Zephyr was worth $600,000 "as-is", but had the potential of being worth $6,000,000 if fully restored. The bank and its various brokers struggled for several years to find potential buyers. Wilson confirmed that recording artist Neil Young almost purchased the train during this time period with intentions to restore it and use as a touring vehicle for himself and his band. However, the deal fell through when Young realized the difficult logistics of dealing with freight railroads for every move.

Dave Simpson (a 1970 draftee of the Buffalo Bills) became the seventh private owner of the Mark Twain Zephyr in 1983. However, little work was done by Simpson on the train. During this period, the train remained parked on an industrial siding on the southeast side of Kansas City.

In September 1987, the trainset was purchased by a trio of Chicago-area businessmen (Dan Krupske, John C. Lowe, and Ronald Lorenzini), who formed Mark Twain Zephyr, Inc. Soon after purchasing the cars they moved them to the Mid America Car Corporation, a business on the north side of Kansas City that refurbished railroad cars. Krupske, Lowe, and Lorenzini had hopes of teaming with Coors, who they anticipated would pick up the majority of the restoration costs in exchange for the rights to lease the train for a period of time. The marketing campaign would promote "Silver Bullet" Beer.

In 1988, a discussion between Coors and Mark Twain Zephyr, Inc. ended without an agreement. Krupske, Lowe, and Lorenzini decided to relocate the train closer to where they lived. Between October 1988 and May 1997, the Mark Twain Zephyr was stored on various sidings at the Joliet Army Ammunition Plant. During this period, Mark Twain Zephyr, Inc. was in talks with various other potential partners. Ideas included constriction of a Twain-themed amusement part in Bettendorf, Iowa, a dinner train from Chicago to the Quad Cities, and a stationary restaurant and hotel in Downers Grove or DeKalb, Illinois.

In 1997, the federal government began redevelopment of the Joliet Army Ammunition Plant into the Midewin National Tallgrass Prairie. All railroad sidings, including the ones where the Mark Twain Zephyr had been parked for the previous decade, were to be removed. Krupske, Lowe, and Lorenzini then made a partnership deal with the Relco Locomotive Shops in Minooka, Illinois to store the train. It remained on this property from May 1997 to January 2008. Relco and Mark Twain Zephyr, Inc. could not find additional investors or capital to restore the train. The original Winton engine and trucks/wheels were removed, but not much other work was done.

In late 2007, Relco decided to completely shut down its Minooka Plant. This forced Mark Twain Zephyr, Inc. to find another home for the train. In January 2008, the Mark Twain Zephyr was moved down to Gateway Rail Services in Madison, Illinois in the St. Louis Metropolitan Area. Gateway Rail Services had two shop buildings and a dedicated staff to refurbish old passenger railroad cars. Management was interested in getting the contract to do the rebuild of the Mark Twain Zephyr, a deal that would have been worth millions of dollars. Unfortunately, not much was done to improve the train during the 12 years it remained at Gateway Rail Services. The Mark Twain Zephyr had basically become an empty stainless steel shell sitting along a fence on the property.

Current ownership and operations
The Wisconsin Great Northern Railroad, a family-owned and operated company located in Trego, Wisconsin, purchased the Mark Twain Zephyr from Mark Twain Zephyr, Inc. on February 19, 2020. The sale was officially closed on June 30, 2020. The Wisconsin Great Northern's owners, Greg and Mardell Vreeland, made their purchase public on July 27, 2020, through exclusive news articles in Trains magazine and the Milwaukee Journal-Sentinel.

The four cars of the Mark Twain Zephyr and a spare car of the Pioneer Zephyr were moved from Madison, Illinois to Trego, Wisconsin by semi-truck (Over the Top Contractors) between August 1, 2020, and September 4, 2020. A full-time crew of electricians, carpenters, and other skilled craftspeople employed by the Wisconsin Great Northern Railroad, working on a complete overhaul, placed the cars on trucks and intends to install an EMD 567 prime mover. Once restored, the Wisconsin Great Northern Railroad plans to operate the Mark Twain Zephyr on its main railroad line between Trego and Springbrook, Wisconsin.

title: Mark Twain Zephyr


text:
User talk:Utd~enwiki

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title: User talk:Utd~enwiki


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Robert Knight (principal)

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was no consensus, so kept. I've added a merge tag to the article as most of the non-delete votes suggested a merge and/or redirect. JYolkowski // talk 22:57, 29 August 2005 (UTC)

Robert Knight (principal)
Non-notable school principal. We have to let every school in the world in, do we have to allow their faculty? The last paragraph is an attack, anyway, and it was initially created by the original author, so it isn't vandalism of the article. Zoe 04:59, August 23, 2005 (UTC)
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of Australia-related deletions.  -- Cyberjunkie | Talk 12:17, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Not notable, attack page. android  79  05:01, August 23, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete per above. Nateji77 07:11, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete --Agamemnon2 09:43, 23 August 2005 (UTC)

What changes need to be made to remove the article from the deletion list? I created it, and just removed the aforemented material - which while being quite accurate - is deemed inappropriate by others. The article should stay. For some, places and people they don't know about are not relevant, but for those that know of them - are quite relevant. - G 10:44, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * You just have to wait for the process to end in 5 days, then for an administrator to close the debate. I find my dinner lady quite relevant, but she's done nothing that would warrant inclusion in an encyclopedia. The whole point is that we can't have an article on every person on earth. - Mgm|(talk) 11:24, August 23, 2005 (UTC)

 * Alf says take a deep breath folks...Merge with what isn't already on Glenunga International High School, G, would you happen to have a connection with the school, the article could stand more work, when was it built, what's the architecture like?. Alf 11:43, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge whatever useful as per Alf.--Cyberjunkie | Talk 12:02, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete or merge (making it doubly clear so my vote isn't discounted by any closer trying to be disruptive). Ambi 13:39, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete as per nominator.--nixie 13:41, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge to Glenunga International High School --Scott Davis Talk 14:16, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete per nom. Tonywalton | Talk 15:37, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete nn. Dottore So 17:03, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete as per nominator. Already documented in the Glenunga International High School article as a school principal. Hall Monitor 19:44, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete redirect if you really must have it. DJ Clayworth 21:39, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, any relevant info already in school article, which as suggested above could do with some expansion--AYArktos 21:41, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * redirect to the school article doesnt policy dictate we should do that Yuckfoo 06:46, 24 August 2005 (UTC)
 * What policy? If you're referring to GFDL concerns with a merge/redirect, no merge was performed – dissimilar text was independently added to Robert Knight (principal) and Glenunga International High School, and as such, no redirect is required. android  79  13:37, August 24, 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge to Glenunga International High School There can only be one Robert Knight Anyway. :) Roodog2k 18:09, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Portal:Texas/Featured article

Marshall is a city in the U.S. state of Texas, located near the Louisiana and Arkansas borders in the Ark-La-Tex region. As of the 2000 U.S. Census, Marshall had a total population of 23,935. It is the county seat of Harrison County.

Marshall is a major cultural and educational center in Northeast Texas. The city is known for its Civil War, railroad, and civil rights movement history, for holding one of the largest light festivals in the United States, the Wonderland of Lights, and, as the self-proclaimed Pottery Capital of the World, for its sizable pottery industry. It is also known variously as the Cultural Capital of East Texas, the Gateway of Texas, the Athens of Texas, and the City of Seven Flags.

More about Marshall, Texas...

title: Portal:Texas/Featured article


text:
Talk:Punk-O-Rama

Volume 10
I added info for vol. 10, but would appreciate if someone could put the picture of the album cover on the page. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 64.168.13.117 (talk • contribs) 05:00, 23 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Yeah, someone needs to put up the image of the album cover, because it was an incredible album and it deserves a picture. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Kernalsanders934 (talk • contribs) 00:42, 12 November 2005 (UTC)

I added a photo gallery of all 10 CD covers. --Spiff666 (talk) 13:01, 17 June 2009 (UTC)

 * Please see WP:NFCC and WP:NFC - non-free images are specifically prohibited from being used in galleries & lists. --IllaZilla (talk) 00:09, 18 June 2009 (UTC)

 * Sorry, thanks for catching this. I mistakenly assumed that since the pages on each of the 10 volumes each had an image of the CD cover that it was OK to gather them here. My bad. --Spiff666 (talk) 13:01, 18 June 2009 (UTC)

 * Use in an infobox in an article about the album is OK, as the article should (ideally) contain critical commentary about the album. But per the "minimal use" criterion of NFCC, we have to make sure our use of non-free content is minimal. So it suffices just to have it in the album article & it isn't really needed elsewhere. It's no problem, the non-free content rules take a while to get familiar with. --IllaZilla (talk) 19:41, 18 June 2009 (UTC)

Series retired
The series has been retired, --Jacknife737 22:09, 29 April 2006 (UTC)

Article issues

 * This article was the result of a recent merging. It includes a list of names of people. This means the policy WP:BLP must be adhered to. "This page in a nutshell: Material about living persons added to any Wikipedia page must be written with the greatest care and attention to verifiability, neutrality, and avoidance of original research.". The lead of the BLP policy includes "This policy applies to any living person mentioned in a BLP, whether or not that person is the subject of the article, and to material about living persons in other articles and on other pages, including talk pages.". Just because the article has been around since 2005 does not mean it is exempt from policies and guidelines. Otr500 (talk) 10:42, 13 December 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Punk-O-Rama


text:
Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Airports/Archive 1

 * THIS IS AN ARCHIVE OF Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Airports

I also think that we should add a link to the airport from the city/cities that the said airport is actually located in. For instance, DFW Airport is partially in Euless, Irving, and Grapevine. WhisperToMe 03:34, 23 Jun 2004 (UTC)

Airport Infobox?
The airport infoboxes are sufficiently "busy" that they would benefit from being templates. Was any more done on this? Warning: I only follow the Heathrow article - so sorry if it is implemented elsewhere and I missed it! Pcb21| Pete 15:14, 17 Aug 2004 (UTC)

Project Participation
How does one become an "official" participant. I feel that my knowledge in the field of aviation can be an asset. I have already made a noticable contribution to Canadian airports. --Captain433180 20:43, 21 Nov 2004 (UTC)

 * You join by adding your name to the project page. No, the infobox has not been implemented, as my life occupies more time than I would like right now. Burgundavia 02:16, Nov 22, 2004 (UTC)

 * I just thought there was a process to joining but I guess not, thanks.--Captain433180 03:10, 22 Nov 2004 (UTC)

"add IATA code"
If adding only single code, I'd go for the ICAO one – it's going to obsolete IATA anyhow. Meanwhile, I suggest adding both. BACbKA 20:24, 17 Nov 2004 (UTC)

 * Sounds good to me Burgundavia 20:26, Nov 17, 2004 (UTC)

Something to note Canada is officially ICAO; IATA is useless here. Doing both can be considered redundant (ie. YWG/CYWG YAV/CYAV YBR/CYBR YXH/CYXH). There is only one Airport (to my knowledge) that is "Canadian controlled" that does not have a 'C' prefix. Piney/Piney Pinecreek Border MB (48Y), it is half on the Canadian side and half on the American side. --Captain433180 20:43, 21 Nov 2004 (UTC)
 * I'm not sure about that statement. While it could be true in Canada, it may not be true in the rest of the world.  I just looked at the Air France website and they show the IATA code from Toronto no ICAO code.  I suspect that the rest of the world will continue to use the IATA codes for quite a while.  So, those codes for Canadian airports may still be in active use.  Vegaswikian 17:51, 12 August 2005 (UTC)

Archive of Deleted Material
This is going to be deleted as per VfD; I'm copying all the relevant information here in hopes that the participants here will know what to do with it. It wasn't very complete, anyhow. Mindspillage (spill yours?) 02:29, 29 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Airports that have commerical service or are among the 100 busiest

 * Kingman Airport - Kingman, Arizona
 * Lake Havasu City Airport - Lake Havasu City, Arizona
 * Yuma International Airport - Yuma, Arizona
 * McClellan-Palomar Airport - Carlsbad, California
 * Palm Springs International Airport - Palm Springs, California
 * San Luis Obispo County Regional Airport - San Luis Obispo, California
 * Aspen-Pitkin County Airport - Aspen, Colorado
 * Durango-La Plata County Airport - Durango, Colorado
 * Walker Field Airport - Grand Junction, Colorado
 * North Las Vegas Airport - North Las Vegas, Nevada

Edwards Air Force Base
Hi all, I've been working on the Edwards Air Force Base article with the goal of it eventually becoming a FAC. Its almost there now so I'm getting ready to submit it to peer review. Before I do that, I thought I'd solicit the input of the aircraft and airport wikiprojects, as these both probably have a vested interest in the shape of this article. I'd appreciate any help with the article proper, but if you don't have time and notice something missing, I've created a todo list on the talk page as well. Thanks, -Lommer | talk 18:37, 27 May 2005 (UTC)


text:
Talk:Jody Watley

American
Where from America is she from? There are 35 countries in the continent called "America". — Preceding unsigned comment added by 64.76.122.180 (talk) 20:12, 2 March 2018 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Jody Watley


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User talk:Aether~enwiki

Please stop adding nonsense to Wikipedia. It is considered vandalism. If you were just trying to experiment, then use the sandbox instead. Thank you. --fvw *  05:01, August 23, 2005 (UTC)

Image tagging for Image:Dark_Suit.jpg
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Thanks for uploading Image:Gravity Suit.png. I noticed that the file's description page currently doesn't specify who created the content, so the copyright status is unclear. If you did not create this file yourself, then you will need to specify the owner of the copyright. If you obtained it from a website, then a link to the website from which it was taken, together with a restatement of that website's terms of use of its content, is usually sufficient information. However, if the copyright holder is different from the website's publisher, then their copyright should also be acknowledged.

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Your account will be renamed
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title: User talk:Aether~enwiki


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User talk:Semisomna

Hello, welcome to Wikipedia!

There are many useful things which are traditionally posted in large numbers, but they're all linked to from Welcome, newcomers, so I'll not clutter your talk page with them. Instead, I'll point to the two places which aren't linked to from there, which are categories you can place yourself in: Babel and t|Category:Wikipedians in Pennsylvania (or New York, as it were.)

Again, welcome!

--CComMack 05:01, 23 August 2005 (UTC)

Meetup NYC
Hey, just wanted to say hi and thank you for coming to the WikiMeetup in NYC this past weekend. —ExplorerCDT 04:20, 13 December 2006 (UTC)

Wikipedia Club of New York
Come see: Wikipedia Club of New York. —ExplorerCDT 14:45, 26 December 2006 (UTC)

Notes to self (school pages)
Use Template:New York City DOE Region10 and make sure pages exist for Louis Brandeis HS (or is that Region 9?) and A. Philip Randolph HS. Also Evander Childs -- subschools in an educational campus should share a page? Or not? Check for comments in that discussion. -Semisomna, 04:04, 29 December 2006 (UTC)

Re: random JROTC question
I'm not entirely sure—as it doesn't seem that there are any JROTC categories at the moment—but I would place them somewhere under Category:Military youth groups. Having said that, I'm not really convinced that these groups all need individual articles; they may be better off being merged with the articles on the relevant schools themselves. Kirill Lokshin 05:00, 29 December 2006 (UTC)

You're invited!
...to the next New York City Meetup!

In the morning, there are exciting plans for a behind-the-scenes guided tour of the American Museum of Natural History.

In the afternoon, we will hold a session dedicated to discussing meta:Wikimedia New York City issues (see the last meeting's minutes).

In the evening, we'll share dinner and chat at a local restaurant, and (weather permitting) hold a late-night astronomy event at Columbia's telescopes.

You can add or remove your name from the New York City Meetups invite list at Meetup/NYC/Invite list. This has been an automated delivery by BrownBot (talk) 01:27, 5 January 2008 (UTC)

New mailing list
There has been a mailing list created for Wikipedians in the New York metropolitan area (list: Wikimedia NYC). Please consider joining it!  Cbrown1023   talk   21:37, 22 February 2008 (UTC)

You are invited!
In the afternoon, we will hold a session dedicated to meta:Wikimedia New York City activities, and have salon-style group discussions on Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia projects (see the last meeting's minutes).

Well also make preparations for our exciting Wikipedia Takes Manhattan event, a free content photography contest for Columbia University students planned for Friday March 28 (about 2 weeks after our meeting).

In the evening, we'll share dinner and chat at a local restaurant, and (weather permitting) hold a late-night astronomy event at Columbia's telescopes.

You can add or remove your name from the New York City Meetups invite list at Meetup/NYC/Invite list.

You're also invited to subscribe to the public Wikimedia New York City mailing list, which is a great way to receive timely updates. This has been an automated delivery because you were on the invite list. BrownBot (talk) 03:31, 4 March 2008 (UTC)

NYC Meetup: June 1, 2008
In the afternoon, we will hold a session dedicated to meta:Wikimedia New York City activities, elect a board of directors, and hold salon-style group discussions on Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia projects (see the last meeting's minutes).

We'll also review our recent Wikipedia Takes Manhattan event, and make preparations for our exciting successor Wiki Week bonanza, being planned with Columbia University students for September or October.

In the evening, we'll share dinner and chat at a local restaurant, and (weather permitting) hold a late-night astronomy event at Columbia's telescopes.

You can add or remove your name from the New York City Meetups invite list at Meetup/NYC/Invite list.

Also, check out our regional US Wikimedia chapters blog Wiki Northeast (and we're open to guest posts). This has been an automated delivery by BrownBot (talk) 00:35, 20 May 2008 (UTC)

NYC Meetup: You are invited!
In the afternoon, we will hold a session dedicated to meta:Wikimedia New York City activities, finalize and approve bylaws, interact with representatives from the Software Freedom Law Center, and hold salon-style group discussions on Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia projects (see the June meeting's minutes and the September meeting's minutes).

We'll also review our recent Wikis Take Manhattan event, and make preparations for our exciting successor Wikipedia Loves Art! bonanza, being planned with the Brooklyn Museum for February.

In the evening, we'll share dinner and chat at a local restaurant, and (weather permitting) hold a late-night astronomy event at Columbia's telescopes.

You can add or remove your name from the New York City Meetups invite list at Meetup/NYC/Invite list.

To keep up-to-date on local events, you can also join our mailing list. This has been an automated delivery by BrownBot (talk) 22:46, 7 November 2008 (UTC)

You're invited!
In the afternoon, we will hold a session dedicated to meta:Wikimedia New York City activities, look at our approval by the Chapters Committee, develop ideas for chapter projects at museums and libraries throughout our region, and hold salon-style group discussions on Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia projects (see the November meeting's minutes and the December mini-meetup's minutes).

We'll make preparations for our exciting museum photography Wikipedia Loves Art! February bonanza (on Flickr, on Facebook) with Shelley from the Brooklyn Museum and Alex from the Metropolitan Museum of Art.

We'll also be collecting folks to join our little Wikipedia Takes the Subway adventure which will be held the day after the meeting.

In the evening, we'll share dinner and chat at a local restaurant, and generally enjoy ourselves and kick back.

You can add or remove your name from the New York City Meetups invite list at Meetup/NYC/Invite list.

To keep up-to-date on local events, you can also join our mailing list. This has been an automated delivery by BrownBot (talk) 02:55, 12 January 2009 (UTC)

NYC Meetup: You're invited!
Join us the evenings of Friday February 6 and Saturday February 7 around Wikipedia Loves Art! museum photography events at the Metropolitan Museum of Art and the Brooklyn Museum.

There will also be a special business meeting on Saturday dedicated to discussing Wikimedia New York City issues with guests from the Wikimedia Foundation.

You can add or remove your name from the New York City Meetups invite list at Meetup/NYC/Invite list.

To keep up-to-date on local events, you can also join our mailing list. This has been automated delivery by BrownBot (talk) 22:55, 31 January 2009 (UTC)

You're invited!
This has been an automated delivery by BrownBot (talk) 20:22, 21 March 2009 (UTC)

You're invited...
In the afternoon, we will hold a session dedicated to meta:Wikimedia New York City activities, establish a membership process for the chapter, review the upcoming Wiki-Conference New York 2009 (planned for ~100 people at NYU this summer) and future projects like Wikipedia at the Library, and hold salon-style group discussions on Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia projects (see the March meeting's minutes).

In the evening, we'll share dinner and chat at a local restaurant, and generally enjoy ourselves and kick back.

You can add or remove your name from the New York City Meetups invite list at Meetup/NYC/Invite list.

To keep up-to-date on local events, you can also join our mailing list. This has been an automated delivery by BrownBot (talk) 22:22, 3 May 2009 (UTC)

You're invited...
In the afternoon, we will hold a session dedicated to meta:Wikimedia New York City activities, review the recent Wiki-Conference New York, plan for the next stages of projects like Wikipedia Takes Manhattan and Wikipedia at the Library, and hold salon-style group discussions on Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia projects (see the May meeting's minutes).

In the evening, we'll share dinner and chat at a local restaurant, and generally enjoy ourselves and kick back.

You can add or remove your name from the New York City Meetups invite list at Meetup/NYC/Invite list.

To keep up-to-date on local events, you can also join our mailing list. This has been an automated delivery by BrownBot (talk) 03:15, 1 September 2009 (UTC)

Speedy deletion nomination of Harry S. Truman High School (New York City)
Please do not make statements attacking people or groups of people. Wikipedia has a strict policy against personal attacks. Attack pages and images are not tolerated by Wikipedia and are speedily deleted. Users who continue to create or repost such pages and images in violation of our biographies of living persons policy will be blocked from editing Wikipedia. Thank you.

If you think that this notice was placed here in error, you may contest the deletion by adding  to the top of the page that has been nominated for deletion (just below the existing speedy deletion or "db" tag), coupled with adding a note on the talk page explaining your position, but be aware that once tagged for speedy deletion, if the page meets the criterion it may be deleted without delay. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag yourself, but don't hesitate to add information to the page that would render it more in conformance with Wikipedia's policies and guidelines. StewartNetAddict (talk) 20:03, 21 September 2009 (UTC)

Wikis Take Manhattan
This has been an automated delivery by BrownBot (talk) 21:46, 4 October 2009 (UTC)

You're invited!
This has been an automated delivery by BrownBot (talk) 03:46, 3 November 2009 (UTC)

Wikipedia Day NYC
You are invited to celebrate Wikipedia Day and the 9th anniversary (!) of the founding of the site at Wikipedia Day NYC on Sunday January 24, 2010 at New York University; sign up for Wikipedia Day NYC here. Newcomers are very welcome! Bring your friends! This has been an automated delivery by BrownBot (talk) 01:15, 16 January 2010 (UTC)

NYC Wikipedia Meetup Sunday, March 21
In the afternoon, we will hold a session dedicated to meta:Wikimedia New York City activities, review the recent Wikipedia Day NYC, plan for the next stages of projects like Wikipedia at the Library and Lights Camera Wiki, and hold salon-style group discussions on Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia projects, for example User:ScienceApologist will present on "climate change, alternative medicine, UFOs and Transcendental Meditation" (see the November meeting's minutes).

In the evening, we'll share dinner and chat at a local restaurant, and generally enjoy ourselves and kick back. And if the weather is good, we'll have a star party with the telescopes on the roof of Pupin Hall!

You can add or remove your name from the New York City Meetups invite list at Meetup/NYC/Invite list.

To keep up-to-date on local events, you can also join our mailing list. This has been an automated delivery by BrownBot (talk) 15:39, 13 March 2010 (UTC)

NYC Wikipedia Meetup Saturday, May 22
In the afternoon, we will hold a session dedicated to meta:Wikimedia New York City activities, review the recent Wikimedia Chapters Meeting 2010, plan for the next stages of projects like Wiki-Conference NYC and Wikipedia Cultural Embassy, and hold salon-style group discussions on Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia projects (see the March meeting's minutes).

In the evening, we'll share dinner and chat at a local restaurant, and generally enjoy ourselves and kick back.

You can add or remove your name from the New York City Meetups invite list at Meetup/NYC/Invite list.

To keep up-to-date on local events, you can also join our mailing list. This has been an automated delivery by BrownBot (talk) 21:19, 12 May 2010 (UTC)

Wiki-Conference NYC (2nd annual)
Our 2nd annual Wiki-Conference NYC has been confirmed for the weekend of August 28-29 at New York University.

There's still plenty of time to join a panel, or to propose a lightning talk or an open space session. Register for the Wiki-Conference here. And sign up here for on-wiki notification. All are invited! This has been an automated delivery by BrownBot (talk) 15:38, 3 August 2010 (UTC)

Wikipedia NYC Meetup Sat Oct 16
In the afternoon, we will hold a session dedicated to meta:Wikimedia New York City activities, review the recent Wiki-Conference NYC 2010, plan for the next stages of projects like Wikipedia Ambassador Program and Wikipedia Academy, and hold salon-style group discussions on Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia projects (see the May meeting's minutes).

In the evening, we'll share dinner and chat at a local restaurant, and generally enjoy ourselves and kick back.

You can add or remove your name from the New York City Meetups invite list at Meetup/NYC/Invite list.

To keep up-to-date on local events, you can also join our mailing list. This has been an automated delivery by BrownBot (talk) 16:19, 9 October 2010 (UTC)

NYC Meetup: Saturday, December 4
Our next Wikipedia NYC Meetup is this weekend on Saturday Dec 4 at Brooklyn Museum during their awesome First Saturdays program, starting at 5 PM.

A particular highlight for the wiki crowd will be 'Seductive Subversion: Women Pop Artists, 1958–1968', and the accompanying "WikiPop" project, with specially-created Wikipedia articles on the artists displayed on iPads in the gallery.

This will be a museum touring and partying meetup, so no excuses about being a shy newbie this time. Bring a friend too!

You can add or remove your name from the New York City Meetups invite list at Meetup/NYC/Invite list.

To keep up-to-date on local events, you can also join our mailing list. This has been an automated delivery by BrownBot (talk) 22:31, 3 December 2010 (UTC)

You're invited to the New York Wiknic!

This message is being sent to inform you of a Wikipedia picnic that is being held in your area next Saturday, June 25. From 1 to 8 PM or any time in between, join your fellow volunteers for a get together at Norman's Landscape ( directions ) in Manhattan's Central Park.

Take along your friends (newbies permitted), your family and other free culture enthusiasts! You may also want to pack a blanket, some water or perhaps even a frisbee.

If you can, share what you're bringing at the discussion page.

Also, please remember that this is the picnic that anyone can edit so bring enough food to share!

To subscribe to future events, follow the mailing list or add your username to the invitation list. BrownBot (talk) 19:22, 19 June 2011 (UTC)

Wikipedia:The Musical in NYC Oct 22
You are invited to Wikipedia:The Musical in NYC, an editathon, Wikipedia meet-up and lectures that will be held on Saturday, October 22, 2011, at the New York Public Library for the Performing Arts (at Lincoln Center), as part of the Wikipedia Loves Libraries events being held across the USA.

All are welcome, sign up on the wiki and here !--Pharos (talk) 05:04, 18 October 2011 (UTC)

Wikipedia Goes to the Movies in NYC this Saturday Dec 1
You are invited to Wikipedia Goes to the Movies in NYC, an editathon, Wikipedia meet-up and workshops focused on film and the performing arts that will be held on Saturday, December 1, 2012, at the New York Public Library for the Performing Arts (at Lincoln Center), as part of the Wikipedia Loves Libraries events being held across the USA.

All are welcome, sign up on the wiki and at meetup.com!--Pharos (talk) 07:48, 30 November 2012 (UTC)

Wikipedia Day Celebration and Mini-Conference in NYC Saturday Feb 23
You are invited to celebrate Wikipedia Day and the 12th anniversary (!) of the founding of the site at Wikipedia Day NYC on Saturday February 23, 2013 at New York University; sign up for Wikipedia Day NYC here, or at bit.ly/wikidaynyu. Newcomers are very welcome! Bring your friends and colleagues!

We especially encourage folks to add your 5-minute lightning talks to our roster, and otherwise join in the "open space" experience!--Pharos (talk) 03:13, 2 January 2013 (UTC)

Wikipedia Meetup NYC this Sunday April 14
Hi Semisomna! You're invited to our next meeting for Wikipedia Meetup NYC on Sunday April 14 -this weekend- at Symposium Greek Restaurant @ 544 W 113th St (in the back room), on the Upper West Side in the Columbia University area.

Please sign up, and add your ideas to the agenda for Sunday. Thanks!

Delivered on behalf of User:Pharos, 17:40, 10 April 2013 (UTC)

Upcoming Saturday events - March 1: Harlem History Editathon and March 8: NYU Law Editathon
(You can unsubscribe from future notifications for NYC-area events by removing your name from this list.)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 13:03, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Semisomna


text:
Samuel F. Tappan

Samuel Forster Tappan (June 29, 1831 – January 6, 1913) was an American journalist, military officer, abolitionist and a Native American rights activist. Appointed as a member of the Indian Peace Commission in 1867 to reach peace with the Plains Indians, he advocated self-determination for native tribes. He proposed the federal government replace military jurisdiction over tribal matters with a form of civil law on reservations, applied by the tribes themselves.

Early life and family
Samuel Tappan, a native of Manchester, Massachusetts, near Boston was a member of the prominent New England Tappan family. It included clergymen, politicians, merchants, sea captains, cabinet-makers, inventors, poets, philanthropists, educators, and abolitionists. He was a first cousin once removed of the noted brothers Arthur Tappan (1786–1865) and Lewis Tappan (1788–1873) who were silk merchants in New York; they were known as philanthropists and abolitionists, as well as their eldest brother, Senator Benjamin Tappan (1773–1857) of Ohio, who mentored Edwin M. Stanton, later Secretary of War under Abraham Lincoln.

Sam Tappan received a common school education and then went to work in the cabinet-making trade in his native town, learning to make chairs from his father. He next worked in Boston at an uncle's clothing store.

Abolitionist activity
While in Boston, Tappan was disturbed by the fate of fugitive slaves who were caught pursuant to the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 and returned to servile labor. Tappan was encouraged in his abolitionism by family members and prominent men, who included Wendell Phillips, William Lloyd Garrison, Theodore Parker, and others. In May 1854, the capture of the slave Anthony Burns in Boston and forced return by US Marshals stirred a fierce reaction among Boston's abolitionists. Crowds lined the street to protest his being shipped back to slavery in the South. This event may have inspired Tappan to take personal action following passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act.

At the age of 23, Tappan was one of a group of 29 New England settlers who came to found what later became Lawrence, Kansas, in August 1854 as part of the New England Emigrant Aid Company's "pioneer party". They were trying to arrange for anti-slavery advocates to settle in Kansas before the vote on whether it should be free or a slave state. He staked a claim to land that abutted the claim of the homeopathic physician Dr. John Doy, formerly of Rochester, New York. He was also a correspondent for Horace Greeley's New York Tribune and did some writing for the Boston Atlas and several other newspapers, reporting on the territory's first difficulties with border raiders. As an active abolitionist, he covered the antislavery movement in the Kansas Territory, including reports dealing with the armed and sometimes deadly conflicts between the territory's Pro-Slavery advocates and those aligned with the Free-State movement. Tappan was also actively involved in the Underground Railroad, moving slaves through Kansas to northern states. He also participated in 1855 in Jacob Branson's rescue during the short-lived Wakarusa War.

Tappan became active in the volatile political activity in the territory. In 1855, accompanied by political activist Martin F. Conway, he traveled through southern and western Kansas, speaking in favor of the free-state movement. He also maintained close ties to both the Kansas-based and East Coast leadership of the New England Emigrant Aid Company and participated in helping to smuggle arms (nicknamed "Beecher's Bibles") and other assistance to Free-Soil settlers. Tappan was clerk of the Topeka constitutional convention, assistant clerk of the House of Representatives in 1856, and the following year performed the duties of Speaker of the Topeka House of Representatives. He was secretary of the Leavenworth constitutional convention in 1858, and acted as clerk of the Wyandotte convention in 1859. His first cousin, Lewis N. Tappan, also emigrated to Kansas in 1857, and was Secretary of the Senate under the Topeka Constitution. Lewis Tappan was one of the Fort Scott Treaty Commissioners. Both Lewis and Sam were among the 15 armed men who captured the box containing the altered election returns at Lecompton, the discovery of which resulted in the overthrow of the pro-slavery party in Kansas.

In 1860, Tappan relocated as a "Pike's Peaker" to the settlement that became Denver, Colorado. This move was part of a business arrangement involving his cousin Lewis N. Tappan and the then relatively unknown Henry Villard, who had both preceded him to the gold fields by a year. Sam Tappan worked as a journalist for the Daily Herald and became involved in gold and other mineral exploration and township settlement. His cousins Lewis N. Tappan (1831–1880), George H. Tappan (1833–1865), joined later in 1865 by William H. Tappan (1821–1907), operated Tappan & Co, one of the first general stores serving Colorado miners, with branches in Denver, Colorado City, Golden, and Central City.

Enlistment
With the outbreak of the Civil War in 1861, Tappan received a commission from Colorado's Territorial Governor William Gilpin to help raise a regiment of Union volunteer troops. Commissioned initially as a captain, his success in recruitment drives in the small Colorado mining towns of Black Hawk, Georgetown, Golden, and Central City resulted in his being promoted by Gilpin to Lieutenant Colonel of the newly formed First Colorado Volunteer Regiment, serving under Colonel John P. Slough, a lawyer from Cincinnati, Ohio. After helping train the regiment at Camp Weld near Denver, Tappan was placed in command of Fort Wise with a detachment of the regiment until news arrived of the invasion of New Mexico Territory by Confederates from Texas.

Service in New Mexico Territory
Tappan and his charges joined the hurried movement of the First Colorado Volunteers to reinforce Fort Union in New Mexico in early March 1862, and later saw action against the Confederate troops along the Santa Fe Trail in New Mexico. Tappan participated in the second day of the Battle of Glorieta Pass on March 28, 1862, at Pigeon's Ranch. Tappan was the effective field commander of the Federal forces during the main engagement that day, and was exposed to enemy fire while Colonel Slough directed the Federal activity from the rear. Tappan's actions that day were eventually overshadowed by the later success of the one-third of Slough's command that bypassed the Confederate lines and attacked and destroyed the enemy wagon train and supplies in their rear near Johnson's Ranch. Commanded by Major John M. Chivington, a former Methodist minister, who had also commanded the advance Union force which tangled with and defeated an advance Confederate unit on March 27 at Apache Canyon, this Union detachment effectively ended the threat posed by the Confederate invaders by destroying their supplies and ammunition stores.

When Slough resigned as colonel a few days after the victory at Glorieta Pass, Tappan was the ranking officer and acting colonel. Although later recognized by both Col. Edward R. S. Canby, Commander of the Department of New Mexico, and Col. Christopher "Kit" Carson of the First New Mexico Volunteers for his sound military abilities, Tappan voluntarily relinquished his seniority rights and joined in signing a petition from among the men of the First Colorado to elevate Chivington, the recent hero of the Glorieta battle, to colonel. Chivington's promotion to Colonel where he outranked Tappan would eventually produce friction between the two as Chivington viewed Tappan as a rival whom he sought to discredit. Tappan participated in action at Peralta on April 15, 1862, as the Union troops pursued the retreating Confederate forces under Brig. Gen. Henry Hopkins Sibley southward back towards Texas. Tappan, with the rest of the First Colorado, remained in New Mexico billeted at Fort Craig, serving under Canby well into the summer of 1862.

Return to Colorado
After an act of perceived insubordination in 1863, Tappan was relegated by Chivington to the command of Fort Garland, a command in a remote part of southern Colorado near the traditional lands of the Ute and containing a large Hispanic population. During his command of Fort Garland, he was assigned by Governor John Evans and Colonel Chivington to hunt down the Espinosa brothers, brigands and murderers who killed 32 Colorado citizens in cold blood and engaged in rape, robbery and other destructive acts. A $2500 reward had been offered by Governor Evans for the capture either dead or alive of the Espinosas. Employing the services of noted mountain man, Indian scout and tracker Tom Tobin, Tappan assigned a group of troopers to accompany Tobin and track down the Espinosas. On the fourth day, Tobin tracked down the Espinosas and killed the two brothers, bringing their severed heads back to Tappan as proof of his success. When Tappan forwarded the trophies to Denver, Chivington used the opportunity to lambast Tappan for such "unchristian" behavior despite the common use at the time of such methods. Tappan also paid Tobin from his own pocket when Governor Evans failed to pay the full reward he was owed. Years later as a matter of personal honor, Tappan sponsored an effort to make restitution to an aged and penniless Tobin.

In 1864, Tappan's father died in Massachusetts and, after numerous queries to Chivington, Tappan was finally granted his first leave of the war. He returned home to help comfort his mother and sisters and then traveled to Washington, D.C. where he had many connections in the military hierarchy. His cousin Elizabeth Tappan Tannatt's (sister of his Colorado cousins' Lewis, William and George Tappan) husband, Col. Thomas R. Tannatt commanded the First Massachusetts Heavy Artillery in the city's defenses and John P. Slough, his former Colonel in the First Colorado, had been appointed a Brigadier General and was the Military Governor of Alexandria and commander of the fortifications at Fort Ward near Alexandria, Virginia. Edward R. S. Canby had also been promoted to Brigadier General following the successful defense of New Mexico against the Confederate invasion and transferred to Washington, D.C., where he served as Assistant Adjutant General and military aide to Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton. Tappan met personally with General Ulysses S. Grant and received an invitation from Grant to visit his field command at City Point, Virginia, where he spent several weeks before returning to Colorado.

Tappan returned to Colorado in November 1864 and was laid up at Fort Lyon, Colorado Territory with a broken foot incurred on the eve of his arrival. This was two days before elements of the First Colorado Cavalry, together with the 100 day soldiers of the Third Colorado Cavalry, under the command of Colonel Chivington, initiated an attack on a peaceful encampment of Southern Cheyenne and Arapaho Indians at Sand Creek. The attack, involving 675 cavalry troopers, originated at daybreak on November 29, 1864, who departed from Fort Lyon at 8 pm on November 28 following an argument between Chivington and some of the officers at the fort who tried to dissuade Chivington from making the attack. There was a general understanding with the Cheyenne and Arapaho Indians encamped on Sand Creek that they were under the protection of the Federal troops at Fort Lyon pursuant to an agreement reached that Fall with the then Commander of the fort, Major Edward W. Wynkoop. It is not known if Tappan played any part in the discussions with Chivington at Fort Lyon on November 28 before the attack. The Federal troopers under Chivington's command attacked the Indian villages at first light and killed 150-200 Indians, two-thirds of whom were women and children. The Federal troops lost ten soldiers and had 38 wounded (of whom four later died while at Ft. Lyon), some of the casualties apparently arising from friendly fire and disorder among the cooperating units. Some of the victorious troopers mutilated the bodies of their Indian victims and returned to Denver where these grisly battle souvenirs (including tobacco pouches made from the severed genitals of the victims) were proudly and publicly displayed to the citizens of Denver. The action at Sand Creek was greeted by citizens of Denver as a justifiable military victory which helped to avenge the murders of Plains settlers such as the Hungate family. However it eventually began to be seen in the nation at-large as an unjustifiable massacre of peaceful Indians under Peace Chiefs such as Chief Black Kettle of the Southern Cheyenne Tribe.

Tappan was appointed to head the military commission that investigated Colonel Chivington for his role in the action at Sand Creek. After testifying to Tappan and his fellow Commissioners at the inquiry against Chivington held in Denver, Capt. Silas Soule, a fellow Kansas pioneer and abolitionist, was killed by Charles W. Squires, another of the Colorado volunteers, presumably for his testimony against Chivington. Lieutenant Joseph Cramer and Major Wynkoop also testified against Chivington at the inquiry at which Tappan presided. The investigation produced a report that was shared with the Military command as well as the US Congress. Two separate Congressional investigations were also undertaken of the events at Sand Creek both of which excoriated Chivington's actions. Chivington was never punished as he had been mustered out of the service in January 1865 prior to the initiation of the investigative military commission. Tappan was later brevetted to the rank of Colonel before he was mustered out of the army at the end of the Civil War. During his service in the First Colorado Cavalry, elements of the regiment also joined the New Mexico Volunteers in campaigns against various Plains tribes, including the Kiowa, Comanche, and Apache.

Native American rights activities
Both as a military officer and a civilian, Tappan was involved in negotiations and treaties between Native Americans and the United States government. While serving at Fort Garland, Tappan commented on the enslavement of Navajos by both the Utes and Mexicans, and sought official support to try to end the practice. He acted as witness to the treaty executed on October 7, 1863, at Conejos between the Tabeguache band of Utes under Ouray and the US government represented by Colorado Territory's Governor Evans, New Mexico Territory's Indian Superintendent Dr. Michael Steck, Indian agents Simeon Whiteley and Lafayette Head, and President Lincoln's personal representative John G. Nicolay. Tappan was later appointed by President Andrew Johnson in July 1867, pursuant to an act of the US Congress, to serve as a member of the Indian Peace Commission along with Generals William Tecumseh Sherman, William S. Harney, Alfred H. Terry, and C. C. Augur and several prominent civilians. The Commission negotiated with several tribes in the Plains during 1867–1868, as well as other native tribes in the Southwest. In Kansas, on October 21, 1867, the group negotiated the Medicine Lodge Treaty with the tribes of the Southern plain. He and Gen. Sherman were the two commission members who finalized the Treaty of Bosque Redondo that was signed with the Navajo Nation on June 1, 1868, at Fort Sumner, New Mexico, that ended the Bosque Redondo reservation fiasco. Tappan met several times with President Johnson and General Grant during his service with the commission, as well as many members of Congress.

During his service with the commission, Tappan also recruited the young and inexperienced Henry Morton Stanley, later the famed African explorer and author, first as a clerk to cover the commission's work and later recommended that he be hired as a correspondent to file dispatches with major newspapers. Through this work, Stanley came to the attention of James Gordon Bennett, Jr. of the New York Herald, who later sent him to Africa in search of Dr. David Livingstone. Tappan also developed a lifelong friendship with the pioneer, buffalo hunter, Indian agent, illustrator and prominent Colorado artist/designer John Dare Howland, who was a clerk for the commission and later designed the Civil War monument at the Colorado Capitol building.

Tappan also vociferously protested the Washita Massacre in November 1868 of Chief Black Kettle's Southern Cheyennes while camped near Ft. Sill Oklahoma Territory by Lt. Col. George A. Custer's Seventh Cavalry troopers. Tappan was also a leading member of Peter Cooper's United States Indian Commission, founded in 1869. He promoted legislation in favor of the funding of annuities and economic assistance promised to the Indians by the federal Indian Peace Commission two years before. Tappan remained active in the cause of native rights throughout the 1870s, strongly supporting President Ulysses S. Grant's peace policy. He openly charged that the efforts of the peace policy to reach a final settlement with Plains and Southwest Indians were being undermined by congressional railroad and land speculation interests, and that these interests were ultimately responsible for such atrocities against the Indians as the 1871 massacre of Eskiminzin's Apache band at Camp Grant, Arizona.

Marriage and later life
Following the Medicine Lodge Treaty in October 1867 which he attended as a Commissioner, Tappan adopted an orphaned Cheyenne girl whom he renamed Minnie Tappan. He made arrangements for Minnie to move back East to Boston, where she was enrolled in public school to further her education. After Tappan married the leading spiritualist Cora L.V. (Scott) Hatch Daniels (later known as Cora L.V. Richmond 1840–1923) and moved to Washington, DC, Minnie joined their household and continued her studies in Washington. When Tappan and his wife moved a few years later to Titusville, Pennsylvania, as part of a business venture, he made arrangements with his friend General Oliver Otis Howard for Minnie to continue her education at the Preparatory Department of what is now Howard University. While studying there in 1873, she fell ill and died and was buried in a Boston, Massachusetts, cemetery. Tappan also lived for a time during the post-War period in New York City.

Following his service with the Indian Peace Commission, Tappan worked for his former associate Henry Villard at the Oregon Steamship and Railway Company during the 1870s to help systematize and encourage emigration to Oregon. He traveled during this time to Alaska and also represented Oregon at the Centennial Exposition in 1876 in Philadelphia. He later lived in California for a time. Tappan was appointed during the presidency of Chester A. Arthur to become the first superintendent of the United States Indian Industrial School in Genoa, Nebraska, in 1884–1885. The school was started to teach trades and educate Native Americans. Tappan served until removed by President Grover Cleveland.

Tappan's marriage to Cora, who was a spiritualist medium, author, poet, abolitionist, and fellow Native American rights activist, eventually ended in divorce and they had no children together. He lived in Washington, D.C. for the last years of his life and was buried after his death at Arlington National Cemetery.

title: Samuel F. Tappan


text:
Category:Nickelodeon game shows

The following are game shows that, at one time or another, have appeared on the Nickelodeon television network.

title: Category:Nickelodeon game shows