text:
User:Sfdan/More about

This page tells more about SFDan.

Who is this man? It's SFDan
I square dance and am a founding member of Mermaid City Squares, Copenhagen's gay square dance club, which is now defunct. We were the first European member club of the IAGSDC, the International Association of Gay Square Dance Clubs. I am interested in increasing the awareness of and in promoting gay square dance in Europe.

I am currently dancing C3A/C2 level at Granny's Square Dance Club in Sorø, and at a private tape group in Albertslund, Denmark.

I have also taken classes in square dance calling, but am not practicing, so I am very rusty. I have previously taught country-western dance-- western line dance and couple dancing (two step, waltz, shuffle, etc.)-- in San Francisco, as well as tap dancing in Chicago. I have choreographed for the stage for the Chicago Gay Men's Chorus, and have directed a series of shows for the Razzle-Dazzle Production Company, Chicago.

When I am not dancing (or any of the other stuff listed above) I work in the IT department of a large international financial corporation, as a system analyst/requirements manager/software architect, and am in training to coach/mentor colleagues in requirements management according to our company's implementation of RUP, the IBM Rational Unified Process.

I also enjoy puttering in the yard, making delicious food, listening to music, traveling, reading and otherwise enjoying the good life with my sweetie, Aksel.

My website: [http://www.geocities.com/sfdan.geo/ Who is this man? It's SFDan]

If you wish to get in touch with me please leave me a message on my Talk page.

title: User:Sfdan/More about


text:
Talk:Cum fart

Note
I have restored the material material removed by the previous editor. Generally speaking, deletion of talk page material is encouraged only when absolutely necessary -- attack, libel, copyvio, gross profanity, and so forth. Also, I thought that the material was germane to the general history of the article. In deference to the sensibilities of the removing editor (and perhaps others), I edited the restored material to encompass a more genteel aspect, while retaining the sense of the original Herostratus 16:15, 18 January 2006 (UTC)

An editor questions the seriousness of this article
are you people f'ing serious? (unsigned|71.10.233.117}}

 * Poorly phrased question, but yes, we're serious. Did you have a specific question about the article that you wanted to ask? -Harmil 15:10, 28 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Poorly phrased question? I think not, sir. [In heaven's name,] you wrote an article on cum fart, you [plural characterization referring to persons of of diminished intellectual capacity][strong emphasis]. This article should be deleted simply because it is cum fart, you [characterization of less-than-optimal health (presumably moral health in this context)][plural characterization referring to persons of deformed physique]. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Freedom skies (talk • contribs).

Deletion of advertising
I deleted all the ads. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 216.165.4.55 (talk • contribs).

Articles for Deletion debate
This article survived an Articles for Deletion debate. The discussion can be found here. Owen× ☎  18:23, 20 December 2005 (UTC)
 * Astonishing. So long as the uninformed pipe up, a consensus cannot be formed, and the article stays put. I look forward to reading future articles on subjects such as Rusty trombone, Felching, Gerbilling, Fisting, and suchlike material. I think that Wikipedia took a step backwards on this one. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 24.215.196.42 (talk • contribs).
 * [Caps Lock ON] Surely you are jesting, good sirs. Who [on earth] wrote this article? Is not Wikipedia, in countenancing the continued existence of articles such as this, in effect, when it asks our good patrons for donations, asking for money so that more [similar material of less-than-scholarly value] can be created? —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 24.215.196.42 (talk • contribs).

Cum fart vs. Creampie and Queef vs. Fart
I thought that a "cream pie" was the same as an "internal cum shot" and that the only requirement was for a man to cum inside the vagina or rectum. I didn't think it required the semen to come out at all. Also, I'm quite sure queef only refers to air being released from the vagina, not the anus. Comments? Lawyer2b 06:55, 3 February 2006 (UTC)

 * Definitely needs a lot more detail. What muscles are involved in the expelling of the semen? How soon after intercourse does this occur? What is the chemical composition of a cum fart? Does it differ from an ordinary fart? I would think it would, since it must include introduced external air as well as gasses produced in the inteste by bacterial decomposition. Also... Felching -- need more detail, diagrams or photos would help here. Article states that semen is "ingested" but little else. Is this done through mouth-to-anus contact, or is the semen collected from the anus first? How? With the hands, or are utensils involved? A straw? Are there specially designed utensils, or can one use an oyster spoon? If there are specially designed utensils, are they offered in standard patterns by reputable silverware manufacturers? How is such a utensil typically described on one's bridal registry? Details, please! Herostratus 08:55, 4 February 2006 (UTC)

 * Regarding muscle involvement in semen expulsion, anatomically I would think a cum fart utilizes the same muscles as a "normal fart"; I have not heard of any semen specific rectal musculature, although a liquid being involved gives one pause. For both that and gaseous composition, the Farting talk page participants might have some input.  The Felching entry doesn't mention semen injestion, only extraction.  Perhaps some experts can advise. Lawyer2b 16:27, 4 February 2006 (UTC)

Might the FAQ of the newsgroup alt.binaries.erotica.nospam.creampie be considered a reliable source? Joey Q. McCartney 05:10, 12 February 2006 (UTC)

Diagram
This image originally accompanied the article. It was removed by User:Zordrac in December 2005 with the edit summary "I think we can at least make the picture nicer." I agree. If anyone with graphics editing skill wants to take a go at it, could we at least replace the plain white sheet with a nice Marimekko pattern, or something? Thanks! Herostratus 08:55, 4 February 2006 (UTC)

 * This diagram is not very clear as to what is happening. It borders on pornographic indulgence. Also, can we have a male squeezing cum out of his ass instead of a full view of a spread-open vagina?  An An  03:55, 7 February 2006 (UTC)
 * And this makes things more acceptable how?! Good grief, that's absurd. This is not a nice topic, there really is no way of sanitising it. - Ta bu shi da yu 05:51, 8 February 2006 (UTC)
 * In the interest of operational efficiency, obviously we need a female pictured, as a female has two orifices from which to display this phenomenon but the lowly male only one.  Two is greater than one, silly!  :-)  Lawyer2b 07:42, 7 February 2006 (UTC)

 * AnnaAniston -- if you're ever in the mood for a stern and quite humorless lecture, try running that second sentence past the Category:Wikipedians against censorship. Also, we can't have a male because the whole thing is a porn-film phenomena, the article was written by a porn-film buff, and in that world its girls girls girls, I daresay. I do, however, have another quibble with the diagram: that is a fart? It looks rather more like a dribble... I'd like to see a little more of an explosive feel, there. Herostratus 13:01, 7 February 2006 (UTC)

OK, I took a first pass at improving the graphic per Zordrac's comment. (Also, caption should say semen not sperm, missed that before.) Is this good to go or does it need more work? Herostratus 05:21, 8 February 2006 (UTC)
 * Just put back the original image, let's not violate WP:POINT. - Ta bu shi da yu 05:57, 8 February 2006 (UTC)
 * Hero, the pattern is a definite improvement, providing instruction on appropriate coloring to hide potential staining. An excellent safety tip! What the picture still lacks though are some "smell lines" arising from the anus (this is still, after all, flatulence) and perhaps an anal array of "explosion lines" to change the appearance of dribbling you so keenly noted. Lawyer2b 02:30, 9 February 2006 (UTC)
 * P.S. - Can we do something about that gauche fingernail color? Perhaps User:AnnaAniston can provide guidance.  Lawyer2b 02:30, 9 February 2006 (UTC)
 * I've got it. Two words: animated gif. Herostratus 23:48, 9 February 2006 (UTC)
 * But I see what you mean about the nails -- how about some of those little press-on appliques? Those are cute. I definately want this to get the standard to be nominated for Picture of the Day. And before anyone says anything about that, remember: Wikipedia is NOT censored for children. Herostratus 23:48, 9 February 2006 (UTC)

If its about a fart then it really doesn't have to be a female in the picture - that's all I'm saying. When there is the option, we should consider showing a ball-sack instead of a splayed cunt, just to counter systemic bias. It also could be better drawn to show that its actually semen being expelled from an anus, rather than some kind of grey cord being draped over an open vag. In my opinion, the vag is the central focus of the picture, which makes the whole thing flippant pornography rather than an instructive diagram. User:Herostratus, I'm sure that wikipedians against censorship wouldn't mind a dangling dick being shown. I don't see how you can say that the phenomena of cum farting can only be about females - I'm sure that some male porn would show it.  An An  01:14, 10 February 2006 (UTC) (which is not to say that I know that male pornfeatures cum farting, but that I expect it features something similar.  An An  01:31, 10 February 2006 (UTC))
 * AnAn, you do make a good point. I'll work up a male version and perhaps with the other improvements mentioned (not right away, sometime in the next couple weeks when I get time) and post it here for further discussion. Herostratus 16:34, 10 February 2006 (UTC)
 * I disagree. Most sexual encounters (and porn for that matter) that result in cum farts are heterosexual in nature.  I think the importance of having an image accurately portraying the overwhelming "gender" of cum farts vastly outweighs the need to counter systemic bias. Lawyer2b 17:28, 10 February 2006 (UTC)
 * Hmmm. How about using an animal, a dog or something? That way the fur could cover the, er, naughty bits, and the sex could be indeterminate. That sounds like a fair compromise that nobody could object to, right? Herostratus 06:41, 12 February 2006 (UTC)
 * You must be kidding me. We want to see cum from an animal's anus now? This makes things better because?! This whole argument is stupid. - Ta bu shi da yu 14:46, 12 February 2006 (UTC)

 * How about a side-view, with the cum being sprayed out in an explosive farting movement? That way we don't have to gender the person, and it also would focus on the fart, not the genitals.  An An  02:41, 14 February 2006 (UTC)

 * I think animals should seriously be considered. Although the term "cumfart" might have originated in porn, as a phenomena, we could do greater justice to it.  An An  02:41, 14 February 2006 (UTC)

 * Just remember WP:NOR Joey Q. McCartney 05:09, 14 February 2006 (UTC)

 * Right. I'm getting excited (in more ways than one!) by the whole animal idea. I think it would be nice gesture for the oft-ignored AnimalLove Community. I wonder if it would be OK to also have blood and pus oozing from the animal's nether orifice? That way the same picture could be used in the Animal abuse in homosexual beastiality and Disgusting anal diseases in animals articles.

 * Also, what animal? I was thinking a kitten, but there's always gonna be some prude who doesn't get it that Wikipedia is WP:NOT censored who's gonna be all like You did WHAT to a KITTEN???... Hmmmm. A tapir? Maybe a giraffe? How about a lobster? Possibilities abound... Herostratus 04:20, 14 February 2006 (UTC)

 * While a kitten might be plausible, a lobster would clearly violate WP:NOR  An An  10:29, 14 February 2006 (UTC)

 * I dunno... there might be a LobsterLove Community out there ("We just want to love whom we choose to love... is that so wrong?). I'm not sure I want to find out. Also, even it I did undertake some OR with a vidcam and a powerful waterproof lubricant, that in itself could become notable ("WIKIPEDIA EDITOR CHARGED IN BIZARRE LOBSTER ANAL RAPE CASE"), thus completing the circle. Of course, that raises the key question: do lobsters even fart? I think it shows something about Wikipedia that a fine article like this one is put up for deletion, meanwhile you can't even find the answer to a simple question like that. Flatulance in Crustaceans, Arthopod Flatulance, etc. -- nothing. SpongeBob Squarepants is a lobster and he farts, but I'm not sure how accurate that is. Of course, that points to something else... why not use a cartoon character instead of an animal? SpongeBob Squarepants himself might actually make a fine subject... Herostratus 13:14, 16 February 2006 (UTC)

Wiktionary or Merge
This article is tagged for not being up to wikipedia standards, but I don't necessarily believe it is the article so much is the fact that there isn't enough information. Also it seems like a dictionary definition - at least a "slang" one - so maybe we should consider moving it or something. What do you think? Chooserr 01:02, 5 February 2006 (UTC)
 * The reason we get so many crap articles like this one is the rather unfortunate convention of redlinking every second word instead of just defining or explaining them in the article. They have a definition list feature for a reason! And you CAN use BOLD to show "key" terms, they don't ALL have to be those lovely blue links to a useless five word article. Internal links should only be made to topics that a chance of being an encyclopedia (like those ones you get on the shelves) article, not to emphasize a word. Anyways, delete this crap at once. Zero encyclopedic value. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 199.126.246.247 (talk • contribs).

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Cum fart


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Cedar Island

Cedar Island may refer to:

Canada

 * Cedar Island (Kingston), in Kingston, Ontario
 * Cedar Island (Kingsville), in Kingsville, Ontario
 * Cedar Island (Niagara River), in Niagara Falls, Ontario

United States

 * Cedar Island (Alaska)
 * Cedar Island (Connecticut) in Clinton, Connecticut
 * Cedar Island (Maryland)
 * Cedar Island (Chincoteague Bay), Worcester County, Maryland
 * Cedar Island (Bristol County, Massachusetts), in Bristol County, Massachusetts
 * Cedar Island (Dukes County, Massachusetts)
 * Cedar Island (Plymouth County, Massachusetts), in Plymouth County, Massachusetts
 * Cedar Island (Cass Lake), in Cass Lake
 * Cedar Island (New York)
 * Cedar Island, North Carolina
 * Cedar Island (Oregon)
 * Cedar Island, South Carolina
 * Cedar Island (Virginia)

title: Cedar Island


text: User talk:69.4.97.109

title: User talk:69.4.97.109


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Benny Lim

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was to delete the article. --Canderson7 15:37, September 5, 2005 (UTC)

Benny Lim
nn vanity Groeck 07:00, 27 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Per nom. Marskell 12:20, 27 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete "Benny Lim is 23, an undergraduate at the National University of Singapore's theatre studies department and artistic director of The Fun Stage", accoring to the following link !!There is a painting of a nude male at page top!! . The intial editor IP is Singnet (Singapore Telecommunications Ltd). Vanity. Alf 21:25, 27 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Vanity. Steve Casburn 21:33, 27 August 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


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Windows Preinstallation Environment

Windows Preinstallation Environment (also known as Windows PE and WinPE) is a lightweight version of Windows used for the deployment of PCs, workstations, and servers, or troubleshooting an operating system while it is offline. It is intended to replace MS-DOS boot disks and can be booted via USB flash drive, PXE, iPXE, CD, DVD, or hard disk. Traditionally used by large corporations and OEMs (to preinstall Windows client operating systems on PCs during manufacturing), it is now widely available free of charge via Windows Assessment and Deployment Kit (WADK) (formerly Windows Automated Installation Kit (WAIK)).

Overview
WinPE was originally intended to be used only as a pre-installation platform for deploying Microsoft Windows operating systems, specifically to replace MS-DOS in this respect. WinPE has the following uses:

 * Deployment of workstations and servers in large corporations as well as pre-installation by system builders of workstations and servers to be sold to end users.
 * Recovery platform to run 32-bit or 64-bit recovery tools such as Winternals ERD Commander (now known as Microsoft DaRT) or Windows Recovery Environment (Windows RE).
 * Platform for running third-party 32-bit or 64-bit disk cloning utilities.

The package can be used for developer testing or as a recovery CD/DVD for system administrators. Many customized WinPE boot CDs packaged with third-party applications for different uses are now available from volunteers via the Internet. The package can also be used as the base of a forensics investigation to either capture a disk image or run analysis tools without mounting any available disks and thus changing state.

Version 2.0 introduced a number of improvements and extended the availability of WinPE to all customers, not just corporate enterprise customers by downloading and installing Microsoft's Windows Automated Installation Kit (WAIK).

It was originally designed and built by a small team of engineers in Microsoft's Windows Deployment team, including Vijay Jayaseelan, Ryan Burkhardt, and Richard Bond.

Versions
The following versions are known to exist:

Windows Recovery Environment

Windows Recovery Environment (WinRE) is a set of tools based on Windows PE to help diagnose and recover from serious errors which may be preventing Windows from booting successfully. Windows RE is installed alongside Windows Vista and later, and may be booted from hard disks, optical media (such as an operating system installation disc) and PXE (e.g. Windows Deployment Services). A copy of Windows RE is included in the installation media of the aforementioned operating systems. It is a successor to the Recovery Console.

Features
Windows RE features include:
 * Automatic Repair: Automatically finds and fixes boot errors in the Windows Vista Startup Process caused by issues such as corruption of the following components: Boot Configuration Data, disk and file system metadata, Master Boot Record, or Windows Registry, and issues caused by missing or damaged boot and system files, incompatible drivers, or damaged hardware. Prior to Windows 8, this mode was known as "Startup Repair." The executable image for Automatic Repair is
 * System Restore: Same as the System Restore that is included in Windows, it allows a system's settings to be restored to those of a previous state.
 * System Image Recovery: Same as the Backup and Restore component of Windows, it allows restoring a previously created disk image.
 * Windows Memory Diagnostic Tool: Analyses the computer memory (RAM) for defects (not available on Windows 8 and later). The program does not run inside WinRE, but instead reboots the system and executes  instead of loading the operating system.   cannot be run inside Windows.
 * Windows Command Prompt: Gives command-line access to the file system, volumes and files. It can be used to run System File Checker against an offline Windows installation and repair missing or corrupt files. Tools like ,   and   can be used to perform various system tasks like recovering or backing up files, managing partitions, and fix servicing-related issues respectively. In order to use the command prompt, the user must sign into an administrator account.

Starting with Windows Server 2012/Windows 8, the following additional options are added:
 * "Refresh" or "Reset": Both re-install Windows from a copy of the operating system on the hard drive. The "Refresh" operation maintains files, settings, and Windows Store apps (but not other programs), while "Reset" performs a factory reset of Windows, optionally formatting the hard drive and performing disk wiping. The Reset function does not perform a full reinstall; it merely performs a factory reset from a WIM image inside a hidden recovery partition. It is possible to create a custom WIM image based on which a Reset is performed.
 * Startup Settings: Enforces a series of safe settings during the startup.

Windows 10 adds the following:
 * Restore factory settings: Allows users who upgraded to Windows 10 to revert to their original operating system.
 * Go back to the previous build: Windows 10 is an operating system for which Microsoft occasionally releases newer builds. In the event that installation of a new build of Windows 10 becomes problematic, this option allows the user to revert to the previous build. Only appears if the previous build's files are not deleted.

Volumes encrypted with Bitlocker can be mounted if a recovery key is available.

Windows Recovery Environment can also be installed to a hard drive partition by OEMs, and customized with additional tools such as a separate system recovery tool for restoring the computer back to its original state. As of Windows Vista SP1, users can create their own bootable CD containing the recovery environment.

REAgentC
Windows includes the  command which is used to configure a Windows RE boot image and a push-button reset recovery image. It allows administration of recovery options and various customizations. The  tool can either be used on an offline Windows image or on a running Windows system. The command requires administrator privileges.

Microsoft DaRT
Microsoft Diagnostics and Recovery Toolset (DaRT), sold as a part of Microsoft Desktop Optimization Pack, is yet another toolset based on Windows PE that performs diagnostic and recovery on an offline copy of Windows. It can manage files, edit Windows Registry, uninstall previously installed Windows updates, scan system for malware and restore deleted files. There is currently no Windows 11 version of Microsoft DaRT. It is currently unknown if there will be a DaRT11, or that DaRT will just stay on Windows 10.

Related software

 * BartPE
 * nLite and vLite
 * WinBuilder
 * Windows To Go

title: Windows Preinstallation Environment


text:
Stan Drake

Stanley Albert Drake (November 9, 1921 – March 10, 1997) was an American cartoonist best known as the founding artist of the comic strip The Heart of Juliet Jones.

Born in Brooklyn, Drake worked in the back of a Dugan's Donut truck for a dollar-a-day salary while he was in high school. At the age of 17, he contributed art to Popular Detective, Popular Sports and other pulps. Entering the comic book field as artist, letterer and writer, he became friends with cartoonist Bob Lubbers, who later suggested he draw newspaper comics.

He studied for two years at New York's Art Students League. In the Pacific theater during World War II, he did public relations work for Stars and Stripes. Returning to civilian life, he went into advertising, eventually heading a studio of 12 illustrators.

Comic strips
Juliet Jones, created in 1953 by Drake and writer Elliot Caplin, was a dramatic comic drawn by Drake in a naturalistic style. Drake, whose assistants included Tex Blaisdell and Frank McLaughlin, stayed on the strip until 1989, when he was succeeded by Frank Bolle. Comic strip artist Larry Lieber has said Drake was the biggest influence on his work.

In 1984, Drake replaced Mike Gersher as the artist on Blondie (written by Dean Young), and he continued drawing the strip until his death. His assistant on Blondie was Denis Lebrun.

Fine art
He was a prolific painter and created portraits of more than 40 cartoonists, work displayed at the Comic Artist's Museum in Sarasota, Florida.

Graphic novels
Drake drew comic books for Marvel Comics such as The Pitt. Internationally, he is known for the artwork on the Kelly Green series of graphic novels about a young widow who fights crime in the manner of an action hero. This series was written by Leonard Starr. It was serialized in Pilote magazine in black and white before being collected in color albums by the French firm Dargaud International Publishing.

An avid golfer, Drake created illustrations for Golf Digest and the book The Touch System for Better Golf.

Awards
He was recognized by the National Cartoonists Society with their Story Comic Strip Award (1969, 1970, 1972) for The Heart of Juliet Jones, and was awarded the Inkpot Award in 1984.

Health
Drake was a passenger during the September 1956 automobile accident that killed his fellow cartoonist Alex Raymond, and was badly injured, with a broken shoulder which stopped him from cartooning during his recovery, and both his ears having been ripped off and needing to be surgically reattached. As well, Drake had a congenital condition such that the bones of his skull did not properly fuse in infancy.

title: Stan Drake


text:
New York anti-abolitionist riots (1834)

Beginning on July 7, 1834, New York City was torn by a huge antiabolitionist riot (also called Farren Riot or Tappan Riot) that lasted for nearly a week until it was put down by military force. "At times the rioters controlled whole sections of the city while they attacked the homes, businesses, and churches of abolitionist leaders and ransacked black neighborhoods."

Before the riots
Their deeper origins lay in the combination of nativism among Protestants who had controlled the booming city since the American Revolutionary War, and tensions between the growing underclass of Irish immigrants and their kin. In 1827, the UK repealed aspects of the Passenger Vessels Act 1803, legislation controlling and restricting emigration from Ireland, and 20,000 Irish emigrated; by 1835, over 30,000 Irish arrived in New York annually.

In May and June 1834, the silk merchants and ardent abolitionists Arthur Tappan and his brother Lewis stepped up their agitation for the abolition of slavery by underwriting the formation in New York of a female anti-slavery society. Arthur Tappan drew particular attention by sitting in his pew (at Samuel Cox's Laight Street Church) with Samuel Cornish, a mixed-race clergyman of his acquaintance, and an incendiary report by William Leete Stone Sr. claimed that Cox's sermon asserted that "Jesus Christ Was A Colored Man". By June, lurid rumors were being circulated by the champion of the American Colonization Society's James Watson Webb, through his newspaper Courier and Enquirer: abolitionists had told their daughters to marry blacks, black dandies in search of white wives were promenading Broadway on horseback, and Arthur Tappan had divorced his wife and married a black woman.

Reports appearing in London in The Times, taken from American newspapers, cite as the triggering cause a disturbance following a misunderstanding at the Chatham Street Chapel, a former theater converted with money from Arthur Tappan for the ministry of Charles Grandison Finney. Edwin G. Burrows and Mike Wallace note that on July 4, an integrated group that had convened at the chapel to celebrate New York's emancipation (in 1827) of its remaining slaves was dispersed by angry spectators. The celebration was rescheduled for July 7.

According to The Times, the secretary of the New York Sacred Music Society, which leased the chapel on Monday and Thursday evenings, gave a black congregation leave to use it on July 7 to hold a church service. This service was in progress when members of the society who were unaware of the arrangement arrived and demanded to use the facility. Although one member of the congregation called for the chapel to be vacated, most refused. A fracas ensued "which resulted in the usual number of broken heads and benches". Burrows and Wallace note that constables arrived and arrested six blacks. Webb's paper described the event as a Negro riot resulting from "Arthur Tappan's mad impertinence", and the Commercial Advertiser reported that gangs of blacks were preparing to set the city ablaze.

Riots erupt
On Wednesday evening, July 9, three interconnected riots erupted. Several thousand whites gathered at the Chatham Street Chapel with the objective to break up a planned anti-slavery meeting. When the abolitionists, alerted, did not appear, the crowd broke in and held a counter-meeting, with preaching in mock-Negro style and calling for deportation of blacks to Africa.

Concurrently, the Rose Street home of Arthur's evangelist brother Lewis (who had already fled with his family) was targeted; his furniture was thrown from windows and set ablaze in the street. Mayor Lawrence arrived with the watch but was shouted down with three cheers for Webb, and the police were driven from the scene.

Four thousand rioters descended on the Bowery Theatre to avenge an anti-American remark made by George P. Farren, the theatre's English-born stage manager and an abolitionist: "Damn the Yankees; they are a damn set of jackasses and fit to be gulled." He had also fired an American actor. Pro-slavery activists had posted handbills around New York that recounted Farren's actions.

A production of Metamora was in progress as part of a benefit for Farren. Manager Thomas S. Hamblin and actor Edwin Forrest tried to calm the rioters, who demanded Farren's apology and called for the deportation of blacks. The riot was apparently quelled when Farren had the American flag displayed, and blackface performer George Washington Dixon performed "Yankee Doodle" and the minstrel song "Zip Coon", which made fun of a Northern black dandy. The mayor addressed the crowd, followed by Dixon. The mob gradually dispersed.

Violence escalated over the next two days, apparently fueled by provocative handbills. A list of other locations slated for attack by the rioters was compiled by the Mayor's office, among them the home of Reverend Joshua Leavitt at 146 Thompson Street. Leavitt was the editor of The Evangelist and a manager of the American Anti-Slavery Society. Tappan's prominently sited Pearl Street store was defended by its staff, armed with muskets.

The mob targeted homes, businesses, churches, and other buildings associated with the abolitionists and African Americans. More than seven churches and a dozen houses were damaged, many of them belonging to African Americans. The home of Reverend Peter Williams Jr., an African-American Episcopal priest, was damaged, and St. Philip's Episcopal Church was utterly demolished. One group of rioters reportedly carried a hogshead of black ink with which to dunk white abolitionists. In addition to other targeted churches, the Charlton Street home of Reverend Samuel Hanson Cox was invaded and vandalized. The rioting was heaviest in the Five Points.

Militia and outcome
According to another report, the riots were finally quelled when the New York First Division (swelled by volunteers) was called out by the Mayor on July 11 to support the police. The "military paraded the streets during the day and the night of the 12th.: they were all furnished with ball cartridge, the magistrates having determined to fire upon the mob, had any fresh attempt been made to renew the riots."

Also on July 12 the American Anti-Slavery Society issued a disclaimer:

"AMERICAN ANTI-SLAVERY SOCIETY: DISCLAIMER. –

The undersigned, in behalf of the Executive Committee of the ‘American Anti-Slavery Society’ and of other leading friends of the cause, now absent from the city, beg the attention of their fellow-citizens to the following disclaimer:— 1. We entirely disclaim any desire to promote or encourage intermarriages between white and coloured persons. 2. We disclaim and entirely disapprove the language of a handbill recently circulated in this city, the tendency of which is thought to be to excite resistance to the laws. Our principle is, that even hard laws are to be submitted to by all men, until they can by peaceable means be altered. We disclaim, as we have already done, any intention to dissolve the Union, or to violate the constitution and laws of the country, or to ask of Congress any act transcending their constitutional powers, which the abolition of slavery by Congress in any state would plainly do. July 12, 1834   ARTHUR TAPPAN JOHN RANKIN"

At the time, the riots were interpreted by some as just deserts for the abolitionist leaders, who had "taken it upon themselves to regulate public opinion upon slavery" and who showed "smutty tastes" and "temerity". By this light the rioters represented "not only the denunciation of an insulted community, but the violence of an infuriated populace." Dale Cockrell partially agrees, stating that the riots were "about who would control public discourse and community values, with class at base the issue." Pro-abolitionist observers saw them as simple explosions of racism.

title: New York anti-abolitionist riots (1834)


text:
Talk:Potteries Motor Traction

This joke only works orally: Q. How do you get a parrot to Talke? A. Put it on a PMT No. — bus. -- RHaworth 07:01:18, 2005-08-27 (UTC)

title: Talk:Potteries Motor Traction


text:
KXKL-FM

KXKL-FM (105.1 MHz, "KOOL 105") is a classic hits station serving the Denver metropolitan area. This station is licensed to Denver, Colorado and broadcasts with an ERP of 100 kW and is under ownership of Stan Kroenke's KSE Radio Ventures. Its studios are located on Colorado Boulevard in Glendale, and the transmitter is located on Mt. Morrison.

Middle of the road (1956–1973)
The station began broadcasting in 1956 with the call letters KTGM with a MOR/Beautiful Music format, under the ownership of Good Music Associates. The station was acquired by Sound Corporation of Colorado in 1968, and changed call letters to KADX that same year.

Jazz (1973–1981)
As KADX, the station had a MOR format that continued until it was sold to Columbine Broadcasting in 1973, who then flipped it to Jazz that same year. By 1978, it was sold again to Welcome Radio, but kept the Jazz format intact.

Country (1981–1987)
By 1981, Great Empire Broadcasting added KADX to its portfolio, but would flip the station to Country in 1982 and take the call letters KBRQ, simulcasting its AM sister at 1280. During its tenure and through its numerous ownerships, the station, formats, signal, and its ratings, went unnoticed.

Oldies/classic hits (1987–present)
On July 3, 1987, KBRQ would switch formats to Oldies as "KOOL 105", and changed call letters to KXKL. Shamrock Communications owned the station at the time of the flip. The format was also simulcast for the next 9 years on 1280 AM. After several ownership changes during the 1990s and 2000s, including Chancellor Media, AM/FM, and Infinity/CBS Radio, Wilks Broadcasting acquired the station in 2008, along with sister stations KIMN and KWOF. KXKL continues the Classic Hits format today, playing music from the 1970s, 1980s, 1990s, and early 2000s.

The radio station organizes the annual KOOL Concert, featuring live performances from artists from the genre.

On October 12, 2015, Kroenke Sports Enterprises, owned by Altitude Sports and Entertainment founder Stan Kroenke, announced they would acquire Wilks Broadcasting's Denver properties, including KXKL-FM, Country KWOF, and Hot AC KIMN. Once the sale was approved by the FCC, KSE was expected to flip one of the three outlets to Sports, which could see the Denver Nuggets, Colorado Avalanche, and Colorado Rapids moving from its current home in Denver, which is KKFN. The transaction was consummated on December 31, 2015, at a purchase price of $54 million. However, KXKL retained its Classic Hits format as KWOF made the flip to Sports on September 17, 2018.

title: KXKL-FM


text:
Micheline (railcar)

Michelines were a series of rubber-tyred trains developed in France in the 1930s by various rail companies and rubber-tyre manufacturer Michelin. Some Michelines were built in the United States by the Budd Company.

Most Michelines were self-propelled, but a number of locomotive-hauled trainsets were also produced.

Michelines offered unprecedented ride smoothness, but they soon proved to be problematic because the low load that the wheels could bear limited railcar sizes and demanded a high number of tyres (up to 20) per car. Furthermore, they were subject to flat tyres, unlike cars with steel wheels.

Eventually, the Michelines gave way to rubber-tyred metros, pioneered by the RATP (Paris transit authority) which introduced them for their superior acceleration characteristics, in order to increase the capacity of their subway lines.

However, as time went by, the extra complexity of rubber-tyred rolling stock meant that they were superseded by conventional steel-wheel rolling stock.

title: Micheline (railcar)


text:
Talk:Ventilation (architecture)

rotary ventilator
This really needs work. A start, let me mention I've seen the rotary ventilator, which uses wind to create an updraft, credited to James T. Lipsett of St John, NB, in 1889. Confirm? Trekphiler 05:54, 8 December 2005 (UTC)

Image
summary: Flame image isn't helpful, and shows dangerous behavior

The image at the top of the page doesn't really add to the article. All it shows is that ventilation occurs. If you go to the image page, you'll find that it's supposed to show "good" ventilation (left) and "bad" ventilation (right), where "bad" seems to mean "from a hole knocked in the wall". Finally, it shows a very dangerous method of demonstrating air flow; letting a flame be pulled into an active and probably dust-laden vent is a great way to start an enthusiastic and hard-to-extinguish fire. I suggest that the image be removed. Dan Griscom (talk) 23:57, 12 July 2008 (UTC)

 * I removed it.--Patrick (talk) 08:30, 13 July 2008 (UTC)

Clarification & Example
the below quote needs clarification: "ASHRAE now recommends ventilation rates dependent upon floor area, as a revision to the 62-2001 standard whereas the minimum ACH was 0.35, but no less than 15 CFM/person (7.1 L/s/person). As of 2003, the standards have changed to an addition of 3 CFM/100 sq. ft. (15 l/s/100 sq. m.) to the 7.5 CFM/person (3.5 L/s/person) standard. [4]"

Is the following correct?

 * The 2003 ASHRAE ventilation standard for homes requires 7.5 CFM/person plus 1 CFM/100 sq ft of floor space, but not less than 0.35 whole house air exchanges per hour. The number of people are typically calculated as equal the number of bedrooms plus one.
 * Therefore the ventilation requirement for a 1200 square foot, 3 bedroom home would be:
 * (3+1)people * 7.5 CFM/person + 12 (100 sq ft)* 1 CFM/100 sq ft = 42 CFM
 * If the home has 8 foot ceailings this would mean volume of the home is:
 * 1200 sq ft * 8 ft = 9600 cu ft.
 * The air exchange rate per hour is then:
 * (42 cu ft/min * 60 min/hr)/9600 cu ft = 0.26 exchanges per hour required
 * Since the whole house exchange rate is less than 0.35 the required minimum rate is:
 * 0.35 exchanges/hr *9600 cu ft * hr/60 min = 56 CFM

Please consider adding both the clarification and the example to the article. I am not sure that I have the standard correct. RStillwater (talk) 09:26, 16 August 2009 (UTC)

splitting
I'd like to propose splitting out this article into three (or more) articles. Something like ventilation (architecture) (which is what the current article should be moved to), ventilation (firefighting) and ventilation (physiology). The intro para of this article can then be refactored as the start of a disambig page. dewet|™ 08:38, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * I support this. --David Iberri (talk) 13:16, 20 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Right, done. The ventilation (physiology) one might be too small to have an article for, but we'll see. dewet|™ 09:29, 29 March 2006 (UTC)

The scope of this article seems a bit narrow. Ants and Prairie Dogs and other subterranean organisms also create intentional ventilation and air transfer. And if 'ventilation' doesn't also cover 'air transfer,' then why isn't there an article for 'air transfer?' --66.188.85.98 (talk) 01:09, 5 June 2009 (UTC)
 * because ventilating is an industry; not a natural phenomenon. you can create air transfer if you have enough info--Saeed.Veradi (talk) 18:26, 9 May 2010 (UTC)

Rewriting the article
1- the beginning part is excellent, but the rest of the article is long and useless 2- the article doesn't even have a strong structure 3- hardly understandable writing style. --Saeed.Veradi (talk) 18:26, 9 May 2010 (UTC)

Untitled
In October 2014, the 'Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene' published an article titled 'Vortex Ventilation in the Laboratory Environment'. This is a new design technology that will significantly improve the safety and reduce the operating cost of laboratory facilities. Investigation reveals a direct causal relationship between volumetric air flow and fume hood containment. In order to realize the benefits of the vortex effect in hood performance, it is necessary that air changes-per-minute supersede face velocity as a performance standard. Effort must engage industry at the academic and professional level in order to advance the art of ventilation. Please consider my participation in any discussion, presentation or seminar regarding laboratory design or improvement. Further information may be found at: www.vtxvt.com 173.49.208.102 (talk) 18:41, 27 July 2015 (UTC)Lawrence Meisenzahl, 7/27/2015

 * You may have something worth adding to the article, based on the published reference. I suggest that you get a free Wikipedia account (WP:ACCOUNT), and that you read the WP:NPOV and WP:COI guidelines. You may also find Help:Referencing for beginners to be useful.  Cheers! Reify-tech (talk) 19:47, 27 July 2015 (UTC)

External links modified (January 2018)
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Discussion on edits throughout the article
This is a record of explanations for some minor, but specific edits to language and content in the article: Was: "[Mechanical ventilation] may be accomplished by pressurization (in the case of positively pressurized buildings), or by depressurization (in the case of exhaust ventilation systems)." Issue: Supply fans don't necessarily result in building pressurization, and exhaust fans don't necessarily result in building depressurization. Positively pressurized buildings may also have exhaust, and negative pressure buildings may also have supply ventilation. I have revised.

Was: "Many mechanically ventilated buildings use a combination of both [supply and exhaust], with the ventilation being integrated into the HVAC system Issue:  By definition, an "HVAC system" includes ventilation, so the sentence does not make sense.  Likely, the original author intended to say that "mechanical ventilation is often provided by equipment that is also used to heat and cool a space".  I have revised.

Was: "Natural ventilation does not require mechanical systems to move outdoor air, it relies entirely on passive physical phenomena, such as diffusion, wind pressure, or the stack effect." Issue: Diffusion does not play a significant role in natural ventilation flow (the intentional flow of outdoor air into a space). I have removed this claim.

Was: "Since [natural ventilation flow] can be affected by unpredictable environmental conditions" Issue: "Stochastic" is a better descriptor than "unpredictable". In reality, wind pressure and stack pressure can be predicted reasonably well. There is a random component to the behavior which erode the precision of such predictions, but it can be analyzed statistically, and anticipated by design.

Was "Since [natural ventilation flow] can be affected by unpredictable environmental conditions it may not always provide an appropriate amount of ventilation Issue: The issue at hand in this sentence is not whether or not natural ventilation flow is predictable; rather it is simply that environmental conditions change, and so sometimes natural ventilation may not be adequate. I have revised.

Was: "... The United States current strategy for ventilating buildings is to rely solely on mechanical ventilation. In Europe designers have experimented with design solutions that will allow for natural ventilation with minimal mechanical interference... European designers have also switched back to the use of operable windows to solve indoor air quality issues." Issue: Although I agree with the sentiment, these statements are over generalizations. There are mechanically ventilated buildings in US and Europe. There are naturally ventilated buildings in US and in Europe. Some perform well, and some perform poorly. This point might be more appropriate in a section on the history of ventilation standards and practices. Still, over generalization should be avoided. Paragraph and reference removed.

Was: "When a building design relies on environmentally driven circumstantial infiltration..." Issue: The verbiage suggests that infiltration is only impacted by environmental pressures (wind and stack). However, infiltration rates also depend on mechanical pressures.

Was: "Natural ventilation can also be achieved through the use of operable windows..." Issue: I've expanded the bullet definition of "Natural Ventilation" to be clear that natural ventilation may come through operable windows.

Was: "Categories of ventilation" Issue: I've expanded and clarified the distinction between these categories within the introduction. This section is no longer necessary.

Was "[Ventilation] can also be used to benefit thermal comfort, or for dehumidification." Issue: Ventilation (especially natural ventilation) has also be associated with other benefits, such as occupant satisfaction with the indoor environment (aside from thermal comfort). I've added this, but feel the sentence could be expanded further to be more open ended about the purposes and benefits of ventilation.

Was: Bullet list titled: "Techniques and architectural features used to ventilate buildings and structures naturally include, but are not limited to: Operable windows *Pressurised air pumps *Night purge ventilation *Clerestory windows and vented skylights *Building orientation *Wind capture façades" Issue: The list is disorganized and incomplete. Furthermore, such a list is more appropriate for the article on Natural Ventilation. I have removed the list.

Was: "Problems" section Issue: The content here is disorganized and vague, even though there are some important piece of information. Can it be improved, or the info integrated elsewhere? I propose deleting in the future. Jmwoolley (talk) 20:12, 5 February 2020 (UTC)

Direct connection between architectural design and the demands of ventilation (and vice versa)
I think this article would benefit from a more direct articulation of the manner in which architecture has influenced the design of ventilation systems, and the role the ventilation systems have played in the design of structures. A look into how these two have co-evolved would be interesting, and more clearly tie the title of the article to the tangible world in which the reader lives. Ewhiteh6 (talk) 03:31, 12 February 2020 (UTC)

Imperial system of units
I noticed that IP was used as an unexplained abbreviation in the article, presumably as an abbreviation for the imperial system of units, as it was alongside and to distinguish "SI" being used as the (correct) abbreviation for the International System of Units. After some searching it appears that "IP" is used by some in the ventilation industry in the meaning of "Inch-Pound units", which appears to basically be a variant of imperial units. Sauer202 (talk) 19:48, 17 August 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Ventilation (architecture)


text: User talk:68.51.168.214

title: User talk:68.51.168.214


text:
Nuuk Posse

Nuuk Posse is a hip hop group from Greenland. The group, whose members are Inuit, formed in 1985 under a different name, finally taking the name Nuuk Posse in 1991. Nuuk Posse is multilingual, rapping in Kalaallisut, English, and Danish.

The group's members include Andreas Hojgaard (human beatbox), Lars Sørensen (rap), Peter Motzfeldt (rap, music), Henrik Pedersen (rap), Thomas Hansen (rap), and John Olsen (rap, lyrics). They released their first single, "Sussa Appinnagu" in 1992. Their first album, NP, was released in 1995. In 1996 they released their album Kaataq through the Belgian label Sub Rosa.

Nuuk Posse has toured in various countries, including Sweden, Germany, Spain, Belgium, and Canada, but never in Denmark. The group were awarded the cultural prize of Greenland in 1995, and they were nominated as "Messengers of Truth" by the United Nations in 2004.

title: Nuuk Posse


text:
User:Sfdan/References

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title: User:Sfdan/References


text:
Talk:Abram Petrovich Gannibal

Merge
This needs a merge with Ibrahim Petrovich Gannibal. Uppland 07:05, 27 August 2005 (UTC)

Contradiction with Kherson
The article claims that the city was founded by Ibrahim's son, Ivan, but Kherson says it was founded by Potemkin.

Yom 03:38, 20 March 2006 (UTC)

Name transliteration
I know that in Russian the Latin letter "H" is frequently replaced by "Γ". However shouldn't the main spelling be "Hannibal"? This would be consistent for instance with the spelling of the name Herzen and not "Gerzen". Tsf 19:05, 26 March 2006 (UTC)

 * I think he is traditionally known by "Gannibal" because he himself (supposedly) used the "G" form when he was living in Paris. But most contemporary accounts of his life use the "G" spelling, so it should probably be used here for consistency. Legis 13:16, 20 June 2006 (UTC)

Name
The correct name of Gannibal is Abram not Ibrahim. Noirceuil 08:10, 16 July 2006 (UTC)

Revisionist History
This article seems to depend heavily on one or two books written recently to the exclusion of the older documents written by people close to Pushkin. Rather than devoting huge sections to speculations the writer of article should balance the newer materials(if any) against the older hypotheses.What recent findings( if any) cast doubt on the veracity of the older documents and manuscripts should also be included. Any speculations should be put as such and the historical gaps should be reported as historical gaps. I also know that FVMMO inscribed on Gannibal's crest have been given a meaning other than the "homeland" which has been suggested by the article. The same sultan who suggested that meaning also gave a different meaning to another visitor. It has also been seen as an acronym for "Fortuna Vitam Meam Mutavit Oppido" Latin for "fortune has changed my life in the city". While so much remains to be known for sure-it may never be known- it is our duty as editors to point out facts as facts and speculations as speculations. By the way where is Logo in Ethiopia or Eritrea? I have worked around that area and i don't remember a town by that name. Ironinmohscale 11:33, 25 November 2006 (UTC)

Splitting the article
I am of the opinion that this article should be split to two parts, one dealing with Pre-Imperial- Russia-Gannibal and the other with his life at the Imperial court. Because his life in Imperial Russia has been so wonderfully documented, a proportionally greater amount of space should be devoted to it. Again what is not known for sure should be stated as such. Speculations and hypotheses, however interesting, should be described as such-speculations and hypotheses! Ironinmohscale 12:09 November 2006 (UTC)

Birthplace
He was actually born in northern Cameroon in a city called Logone. This fact is pretty well established, see http://gnammankou.com/thetimes.htm — Preceding unsigned comment added by 74.105.144.120 (talk) 22:26, 15 June 2007 (UTC)

Best known as Pushkin's great-grandfather?!
IMHO, he is a historical figure in his own right, and not just due to the curiosity factor of his race or his great-grandson. True, his race is remarkable in the context of his stunning success story, but one does not become a renowned military commander or a governor for being a "curiosity", especially under the rule of Peter, who was famous for his disdain for nobility alone and favouring of talent and personal qualities over birth, as seen in his life-long closest friend, Menshikov, a former street urchin whom he granted the title of Knyaz (often mistranslated as Prince, but actually closer to Lord or Grand Duke). Thus, emphasizing the man's race is doing him a disservice; if such had been done upon him during his own youth, he would never have succeeded in life. 128.195.186.15 00:22, 29 August 2007 (UTC)Adieu

I disagree with the above comment. His race is important and emphasizing it is not a disservice to his legacy. Moreover, to think that his race was a burden or a serious disadvantage is to think that everybody throughout history has had the same prejudices our current society has. His race is important because it is not only an oddity, but because it shows us how other people in the past and in regions without enslaved Blacks thought about race. His story tells us the extend of the African Diaspora and it is a challenged to long-held views in the Americas about race relations. So, again, relegating his race to a minor point is to make a serious historical error. 98.249.6.179 (talk) 13:42, 15 May 2013 (UTC)
 * The white Europeans of the XVIII century, and earlier had a deep contempt for other races. It's enough to recall the discussions if the American native people had a soul. To believe something else is a wishful thinking.
 * The existence of individuals of other races that achieved high social status in white societies during the history just only tells us that the societies were able to make exceptions for individual persons, and perhaps, at least some of them were not so fossilized as the USA in their racial divisions. Imperial Russia of the XVIII century was a very special society, where the absolute ruler had the power of offering social advancement to his faithful servants. Actually all nobles in Russia were servants of the tzar until 1760, and had to obey every whim of the emperor.--Jidu Boite (talk) 10:07, 2 February 2014 (UTC)

Eritrean / Ethiopian
The qualification that he was Ethiopian is a problem. At the time that he was taken, the Ethiopians (those south of the Mereb) lacked control of the region. Rather, the region, was autonomous under the "Lord of the Sea." If the descriptor "Eritrean" is to be removed i believe it would also be appropriate to remove the "Ethiopian" description. --Merhawie (talk) 21:00, 31 December 2007 (UTC)

 * There was no country by the name Eritrea then. Those who live in present day Eritrea have immigrated to that area from northern Ethiopia hundreds of years ago. I see people like you out in force to invent some history for yourselves. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Eldad8 (talk • contribs) 22:30, 13 June 2015 (UTC)

In any case, at least 99.99% of the population of Russia at the time would not have understood or cared about the difference... AnonMoos (talk) 15:50, 4 July 2015 (UTC)

The article has to be clarified. Under "abduction" we read first that his father was chief in Eritrea, but the next paragraph locates his birth in Cameroon. Kipala (talk) 14:00, 12 October 2022 (UTC)

Expansion and improvement
I want to thank Tmcbride1 for recent contributions. It may require the help of others to continue this trend. Feedback? Historian 03:30, 16 May 2013 (UTC) — Preceding unsigned comment added by Dennishidalgo (talk • contribs)

Cameroon
In the section "Popular culture" we can read: As new information emerges about the origins of Gannibal, both Gannibal and Pushkin have become popular figures in Gannibal’s native Cameroon. Are there sources that claim that Gannibal was from today's Cameroon? Dantadd (talk) 13:38, 25 September 2013 (UTC)

See also - slavery links
Why is there only slavery links int he "See Also" ? Considering he was a noble of sort as child, taken hostage/enslaved only to be freed/ransomed by a Russian noble shortly thereafter ? As was mentioned, there was no "slavery" (as known in the West) in Russian Empire of the time.46.39.169.168 (talk) 20:14, 7 July 2014 (UTC)

Gannibal's portrait
I have restored what is widely acclaimed as Gannibal's portrait. This is the version on Russian Wiki.DanJazzy (talk) 17:54, 8 December 2015 (UTC)

 * Every source on the topic says that that photo is mis-cited, it is a portrait of General Ivan Ivanovich Möller-Sakomelsky. Just because a lot of people are wrong about the same thing doesn't make it right. The description of the file itself explains everything. "Русский: Портрет, некоторыми[1] исследователями атрибутированный, как портрет Абрама Петровича Ганнибала. По другим исследованиям это портрет И. И. Меллер-Закомельского. Окончательного варианта атрибуции нет. См. страницу обсуждения.""English: A portrait traditionally belived to be of Abram Petrovich Gannibal. According to research by Natalya Teletova[2] the painting is not of Gannibal. According to her, it shows a general Meller-Zakomelski. The order he is wearing was created after the death of Abram Gannibal." This is taken directly from the file source:https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Meller-Zakomelski.jpg JesseRafe (talk) 19:33, 8 December 2015 (UTC)

From your own link.....Portrait of Ivan Ivanovich Möller-Sakomelsky (identified by Natalya Teletova,[1] '''others identify it as a portrait of Abram Petrovich Gannibal) ''' Clearly then, it appears that only one quoted source i.e. Natalya Teletova identifies this portrait as that of Muller-Sakomelsky. Why should we take her word over all the other sholars? — Preceding unsigned comment added by DanJazzy (talk • contribs) 20:00, 8 December 2015 (UTC)

 * Because she was the one who reversed the others' claims. Name one "scholar" who says she's wrong then. The proof is in the medal he's wearing which is for an order named after General Gannibal. Decades of identification are hard to undo, especially when people like you refuse reason. The name of the file is Meller-Zakomelski.jpg - why would it not be him? JesseRafe (talk) 20:50, 8 December 2015 (UTC)

"People like you" What on earth does that mean? You must always remember that WP:GF is a fundamental principle of Wikipedia. Having said that, you must have heard of peer reviewed scientific consensus. A dissenting voice does not mean that that would be the correct scholarly assertion. In other words,it is the minority viewpoint that must prove themselves. The overwhelming majority of scholars have determined the portrait to be that of Abram Gannibal. A misnamed file on Wikipedia does not change the facts.DanJazzy (talk) 04:15, 9 December 2015 (UTC)

 * Name. A. Single. One. -- Do you not get it? For decades it was labeled as Gannibal, but by lazy people misreading that the only place his name shows up is on the medal for the order named after Gannibal. There is no evidence at all suggesting this painting is of him. At all. Except decades of mistakes. I know what you are trying to do about scientific consensus, but this is not a science issue or peer-reviewed blah blah blah, this is simply one error that lots of people had been making and it has since been identified and corrected. People like you means people who blindly do what they have been told because that's what those who have done before think. Since someone in 1870 made a mistake in identifying this portrait, people like you have been assuming they are right every since. It is simply not the case. Same a single "scholar" you are so found of who has identified Meller-Sakomelski as Gannibal. JesseRafe (talk) 07:37, 9 December 2015 (UTC)

Why the hostile tone? I think it's patently wrong of you to characterize those with a different POV from yours as "lazy" and the other slurs you chose to use. That was not necessary at all. Remember WP:EQ WP:GF WP:DGF WP:AOBF I also find it extremely fascinating that you are willing to discredit the principle of peer reviewed scientific consensus just to get your way. (The collective judgment, position, and opinion of the community of scientists in a particular field of study.) Do you really believe that the analysis of ONE researcher constitutes a scientific consensus? If you can read Russian, go to page 164 of this book; DanJazzy (talk) 13:01, 9 December 2015 (UTC)
 * Absolutely incredible. You have made nothing but strawman arguments here. The principle of peer-reviewed scientific consensus is completely irrelevant to this discussion. It was never done to support the contention that the portrait of General Moeller-Sakomelski wearing a medal for an Order named after General Gannibal, but you blindly support that. This was a mistake, not the result of scientific consensus. It is not terribly important in the goings-on of the world and thus the fact that only one authority on the subject has pointed out the error is enough. Any information you have that supports it being Gannibal rather than S-M that is either from before Teletova's research or does not directly refute it is irrelevant and has been superseded. My tone was not hostile in the least but a response in kind to yours. And yes, it was factual. Relying on the decades-old mistakes of others rather than investigating the matter yourself or applying a dozen brain cells to a modicum of common sense is pretty much the definition of "lazy". JesseRafe (talk) 19:00, 31 December 2015 (UTC)

 * The article also mentions several other portraits which are not yet shown. Surely these are all in the public domain, so they should be found and added? FunkMonk (talk) 19:32, 17 February 2021 (UTC)

Portrait claimed to be a darkened
The portrait discussed here is clearly of a black man. It is clearly of someone rich and in uniform. Muller-Zakomelsky was white and no 'darkening over time' makes hair that is kinky and black. If there was more than one man who was black perhaps it is a portrait of him. Otherwise this is ridiculous. Gannibal who chose his own name was the first engineer in Russia. He has the wrong medal on him? Well that doesn't make him white nor a portrait thinning his nose to fit in. 2601:C4:C300:5560:0:0:0:5 (talk) 12:52, 24 March 2016 (UTC)

 * Gannibal was the first black engineer in Russia, but definitely not "the first engineer" in the history of that country. Eriba-Marduk (talk) 15:23, 24 March 2016 (UTC)

 * IP, are you talking about this image?Meller-Zakomelski.jpg Plenty of "white" people have skin that dark. Also, this is a freaking painting, not a photograph. And your assertion that white people don't have black hair? Are you kidding me??? Further, this is absolutely not "kinky" hair, but straight hair with curls at the bottom. Have you seen no other depictions of aristocracy of this era? The all wore their hair or their wigs in this fashion. So are you acknowledging that "darkening over time" happened to his skin, but contesting that would make his hair "kinky and black"? Because it's not the former and the latter is irrelevant. Everything else you said is a platitude, a non sequitur, or false. It doesn't contribute to the discussion in improving the article or attributing the appropriate image. JesseRafe (talk) 16:24, 24 March 2016 (UTC)

External links modified
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Leadsentence
I've asked MezzoMezzo to take a look at the lead sentence. Linking to the WP:NEOLOGISM Afro-Russian seems inappropriate instead of Russian or Russian of unknown African origin. The url there doesn't actually use the neologism; it just indicates that he was of African origin. More importantly, MOS:OPENPARA stipulates that-- "the opening paragraph should usually provide context. In most modern-day cases this will mean the country of which the person is a citizen, national or permanent resident, or if the person is notable mainly for past events, the country where the person was a citizen, national or permanent resident when the person became notable. Ethnicity, religion, or sexuality should generally not be in the lead unless it is relevant to the subject's notability. Similarly, previous nationalities or the place of birth should not be mentioned in the lead unless they are relevant to the subject's notability." Per policy, linking to Russian or Russian of unknown African origin therefore appears to be more appropriate. Soupforone (talk) 04:21, 19 October 2017 (UTC)

I disagree. Wikipedia has an entry on "Afro-Russians" where the subject is a prominent entry. There is absolutely no dispute that he was a Russian of African origin. Seeking to deny this fact is highly inappropriate. DanJazzy (talk) 08:10, 19 October 2017 (UTC)

That is not what I wrote. I already noted in the lede that he was a Russian of unknown African origin, but you pointed that phrase instead to Afro-Russian. This is inappropriate since (a) Afro-Russian is a WP:NEOLOGISM, (b) the external url in the lede doesn't even indicate that he was Afro-Russian, and (c) MOS:OPENPARA stipulates that the lede should indicate either the individual's nationality or, if necessary, his nationality and ethnicity. That would be either Russian or Russian of unknown African origin. Soupforone (talk) 14:18, 19 October 2017 (UTC)

Again I disagree. Other pages of prominent figures mention their origin. I don't see why an expection should be made for this case only. Furthermore,MOS:OPENPARA stipulates, inter alia, that-- ''"the opening paragraph should usually provide context....Ethnicity, religion, or sexuality should generally not be in the lead unless it is relevant to the subject's notability. Similarly, previous nationalities or the place of birth should not be mentioned in the lead unless they are relevant to the subject's notability."

I submit that the subject is most notable partly due to this African origin. DanJazzy (talk) 17:09, 19 October 2017 (UTC)

That is a straw man as well. Soupforone (talk) 03:05, 20 October 2017 (UTC)

I respectfully disagree.DanJazzy (talk) 12:13, 20 October 2017 (UTC)
 * Guys, I’m rather sorry for being so late. My surge protector burned out a few nights ago, and while I can use my mobile, I’m not used to it plus I have work stuff I’m behind on. I may not be able to contribute substantially for another day or two.
 * In the meantime, I’d like to make a suggestion as a third party if you both consent to that.
 * You both have a disagreement about interpretation of policy regarding the lead section of an article. A third or fourth individual opinion might bring minimal benefit, but such opinions might not be representative of community sentiment on the issue.
 * Would it be possible, then, to open a request for comment ( [WP:RfC] ) and then raise awareness about it on wikiprojects related to the subject of this article? That way the result would be both more representative, as well as out of the hands of you two and me - it would be a community decision.
 * If that’s okay with you both, then I can suggest a neutral wording for the RfC, and if that’s okay, then open an RfC in a few days (not with my mobile. That would be a nightmare). MezzoMezzo (talk) 08:59, 21 October 2017 (UTC)

 * Thanks for the advice MezzoMezzo. That sounds like a workable idea; please suggest the appropriate phrasing. Soupforone (talk) 14:06, 21 October 2017 (UTC)
 * Alright, I'm on a different computer for today and tomorrow, so I'm connected for now. Let's see if we can get this rolling. As you guys probably know, the wording for a Requests for comment should be brief while the arguments will be listed under those commenting (that includes you two) in the bulleted discussion. And those should also be brief. Here's what I'd like to suggest now:
 * "Should the lead to this article describe Gannibal as an Afro-Russian nobleman, or a Russian nobleman?"
 * Then you guys would probably be the first two responding, giving summarized versions of the arguments above. We can publicize it, others will comment, a closer separate from me will wait until the commenting has completed, and there it is, the community decides. Is the above plan and wording acceptable to both of you? MezzoMezzo (talk) 03:32, 24 October 2017 (UTC)

MezzoMezzo, that phrasing is not bad, thanks. However, there were actually three suggested demonyms-- Russian, Afro-Russian, and Russian of African origin (alt. Russian of unknown African origin). Could you please therefore rephrase the suggested wording with these three demonyms? Also, it would perhaps be easier to understand if they were enumerated (1, 2, 3). Soupforone (talk) 15:47, 24 October 2017 (UTC)

Hello, i completely agree with Soupforone on the phrasing.DanJazzy (talk) 18:12, 24 October 2017 (UTC)

 * Alright, here comes version 2.0:
 * "Should the lead to this article describe Gannibal as a/an
 * Afro-Russian nobleman,
 * Russian nobleman, or
 * Russian of African origin?
 * "Please comment below."
 * How's this version? MezzoMezzo (talk) 03:17, 25 October 2017 (UTC)

Thanks MezzoMezzo. That's better, but the nobleman qualifier should probably be the same for all three demonyms (i.e., Russian nobleman, Afro-Russian nobleman, Russian nobleman of African origin). Soupforone (talk) 04:29, 25 October 2017 (UTC)
 * Guys, I'm very sorry! I did get a surge protector only to discover that the problem is with the outlets in my computer room, but not the lights in that room. I'm calling an electrician to just fix it for me, but for now, I'm on a different computer and won't log out until I get this done. I'll make sure to include the "nobleman" title with the third choice and get this RfC up and running now. MezzoMezzo (talk) 03:40, 30 October 2017 (UTC)
 * Alright, I publicized the RfC at WikiProject Russia and the WikiProject Military history's Russia military task force. There are more Wikiprojects listed at WikiProject Council/Directory, so if it needs to be neutrally publicized elsewhere, there are options. Sorry for the delay again. Logging. MezzoMezzo (talk) 03:58, 30 October 2017 (UTC)

MezzoMezzo, no sweat. Cheers-- Soupforone (talk) 05:40, 30 October 2017 (UTC)

RfC on wording of the lead sentence

 * The following discussion is closed. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

Should the lead to this article describe Gannibal as a/an Please comment below. MezzoMezzo (talk) 03:47, 30 October 2017 (UTC)
 * 1) Afro-Russian nobleman,
 * 2) Russian nobleman, or
 * 3) Russian nobleman of African origin?

 * A or C.-The subject is notable for his nobility as well as his African origin. This was an extremely rare feat for an African to break into the ranks of the nobility in medieval Russia. To be quite honest, this would be remarkable if it happened today. Imagine an individual born in Cameroon being at the center of power in the Kremlin. Therefore, I submit, bearing in mind MOS:OPENPARA, that we go with A or C. Thank youDanJazzy (talk) 05:27, 30 October 2017 (UTC)

 * B or C- Afro-Russian nobleman is inappropriate since it's a WP:NEOLOGISM, and the external url in the lede doesn't indicate this. More importantly, MOS:OPENPARA stipulates that the lede should indicate either the individual's nationality or, if necessary, his nationality and ethnicity. That would be either Russian nobleman or Russian nobleman of African origin. Soupforone (talk) 05:38, 30 October 2017 (UTC)
 * A or C - Being an Afro-Russian (of note) is probably the most notable aspect of this individual. I have no opinion on the correct nomenclature beyond this.Icewhiz (talk) 07:35, 30 October 2017 (UTC)
 * I would go with C, but I would remove the citations from thelead (since it's all covered in the article) and rewrite the lead to: Abram Petrovich Gannibal, also Hannibal or Ganibal, or Abram Hannibal or Abram Petrov (Russian: Абра́м Петро́вич Ганниба́л; 1696/98 – 14 May 1781), was a military engineer and general. Kidnapped as a child from sub-Saharan Africa, he was presented as a gift to Peter the Great; he was raised in the Emperor's court household as his godson. Gannibal eventually rose to become a prominent member of the imperial court in the reign of Peter's daughter Elizabeth. He is a great-grandfather of the author and poet Alexander Pushkin.  auntieruth (talk) 15:48, 30 October 2017 (UTC)

auntieruth Thanks for your contribution. Is there a particularity compelling reason as to why you omitted the fact that the subject was also a nobleman of the Russian empire?DanJazzy (talk) 00:11, 31 October 2017 (UTC)
 * C - Per above.--Catlemur (talk) 11:12, 31 October 2017 (UTC)
 * C/3 Russian nobleman of African origin sounds more encyclopedic. I agree we should avoid "Afro-Russian" as non-standard terminology/neologism. --DynaGirl (talk) 12:18, 7 November 2017 (UTC)
 * C As the most logical choice.   We have little knowledge at all about where in Africa he came from at all, and it is possible that we will never get any solid factual information  thereon. Collect (talk) 17:08, 9 November 2017 (UTC)
 * C. Agree with DynaGirl. My very best wishes (talk) 14:35, 10 November 2017 (UTC)
 * C/3 Russian nobleman of African origin, I also agree with DynaGirl Dougmcdonell (talk) 18:22, 16 November 2017 (UTC)
 * C Invited by the bot. Has the important information content, the two key items. So does "A" but avoid that per reasons given by Soupforone.   North8000  (talk) 12:44, 22 November 2017 (UTC)

 * The discussion above is closed. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

Cameroon #2

 * A historical biography by Gannibal's son-in-law, Rotkirkh, was largely responsible for the myth, propagated by some historians, that Gannibal was born in Cameroon. Recent research has established that the general was born in Central Africa, in an area bordering Lake Chad in present-day Cameroon.

This makes no sense to me. First we say the Cameroon thing is a myth, and then we say it's true after all. So is the myth no longer a myth? --  Jack of Oz   [pleasantries]  10:40, 12 January 2022 (UTC)

Old page history
Some old history that used to be at this article title is now at Talk:Abram Petrovich Gannibal/Old history. Graham 87 01:52, 27 March 2022 (UTC)

kidnapping
There is no evidence other than prejudice that Gannibal was enslaved. He was kidnapped. There is no evidence that he was 'freed' though he was adopted. Gannibal is never referred to as a former slave. Kidnapping was rife during this time. Usually for a ransom. Napata102 (talk) 14:10, 3 August 2023 (UTC)

1984 bust or statue
https://petersmonuments.ru/russia/memorials/pamyatnik-a-p-gannibalu-v-usadbe-p-a-gannibala-petrovskoe-pskovskaya-obl-/

"A monument to A. is installed in front of the ylig. P. Hannibal is a bronze bust (breast slice) of young Abram Hannibal. The arap of Peter the Great is depicted dressed in a brazenly stiffened uniform with a high collar, in a wig. The bust was handed over to the museum in 1984 by its creator - Moscow sculptor E. Au. Kosovo. On the basement, the only word "GANNIBAL" is knocked out. The bust rests on a high pedestal lined with red granite slabs."

Since the bust isn't a real life but rather an imaginary depiction of Gannibal, shouldn't we change the lead image to the more accurate contemporary portraits of him?Wentwort12 (talk) 16:42, 23 June 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Abram Petrovich Gannibal


text:
Talk:Lawn bowls at the 2006 Commonwealth Games

Vote for Deletion
This article survived a Vote for Deletion. The discussion can be found here. -Splash 07:06, 27 August 2005 (UTC)


text:
Channel Rock

Channel Rock may refer to the following:
 * Channel Rock (Hong Kong)
 * Channel Rock (Argentine Islands) in Antarctica
 * Channel Rock (McFarlane Strait) in Antarctica
 * Channel Rock (Canada)

title: Channel Rock


text:
Bump, Bump, Bump

"Bump, Bump, Bump" is a song by American boy band B2K, featuring P. Diddy. It was released October 2002 as the lead single from B2K's second album Pandemonium!. It was written by R. Kelly and Varick Smith and produced by Kelly. It became B2K's first and only top 10 hit on the Billboard Hot 100 singles chart, and reached number one for one week starting on February 1, 2003.

Formats and track listings
CD single
 * 1) "Bump, Bump, Bump" (radio edit) – 3:56
 * 2) "Bump, Bump, Bump" (Jiggy Joint radio remix) – 3:53

12" maxi
 * 1) "Bump, Bump, Bump" (main version) – 4:47
 * 2) "Bump, Bump, Bump" (radio edit) –
 * 3) "Bump, Bump, Bump" (instrumental) – 4:47
 * 4) "Bump, Bump, Bump" (a cappella) – 4:46

12" maxi – Remixes – Promo
 * 1) "Bump, Bump, Bump" (club mix) – 6:27
 * 2) "Bump, Bump, Bump" (bonus beats) – 3:53
 * 3) "Bump, Bump, Bump" (radio edit) – 3:39
 * 4) "Bump, Bump, Bump" (percapella) – 3:53

Remixes

 * Bump, Bump, Bump (Official Remix)
 * Bump, Bump, Bump (Remix) (feat. DJ Whoo Kidd & 50 Cent)
 * Bump, Bump, Bump (DJ Static Remix) (feat. Jay-Z & 50 Cent)
 * Dunk, Dunk, Dunk (by Ne-Yo)

Personnel
Producer
 * R. Kelly – Composer, producer, vocal producer, arranger, co-mixing, background vocals
 * Varick Smith – Additional composing
 * Max Gousse – Vocal producer, executive producer
 * Troy Taylor – Vocal producer
 * Sean "P. Diddy" Combs – Guest vocals, vocal producer, mixing
 * Donnie Lyle – Guitars
 * Abel Garibaldi – Recording, programming
 * Jason Mlodzinski – Programming assistant
 * Ian Mereness, Andy Gallas, Rony Nameri, Orlando Calzado – Recording
 * Rob Paustian, Robert Williams – Additional recording
 * Mike Patterson – Mixing
 * Chris Athens – Mastering
 * Chris Stokes, David McPherson, Ketrina Askew, B2K, Platinum Status – Executive
 * Marvin Peart – Associate executive producer
 * Jiggy Join – Remix producer

Music video
The video was released in November 2002 and was directed by Chris Stokes and Erik White. It features the band and P. Diddy in colorful rooms with dancers.

title: Bump, Bump, Bump


text:
Talk:Salt Pan Creek

Pictures
I've uploaded a number of 'themed pictures', which could be used to set the atmosphere in a future reworking on this page. - Newhoggy 07:08, 27 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Good work. I would like to question though, having 3 pictures on a very small article. They just make the text go all over the place. I am deleting the 3rd picture (the one with the dock or something in it), but will keep the large top one and the mangrooves. I think that there will be room for the picture again when the article reaches a decent size. De Mattia (talk) 01:42, 13 June 2009 (UTC)

title: Talk:Salt Pan Creek


text:
Talk:Tv broadcasts in 1942

Vote for Deletion
This article was redirected to 1942 in television as a result of a Vote for Deletion. The discussion can be found here. -Splash 07:08, 27 August 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Tv broadcasts in 1942


text:
User:Sfdan/To Do

This is SFDan's To Do lists page.

Current project (if any)
The Danish municipalities project:

 * Phase 1: Revising all existing Danish municipalities articles listed under Category:Municipalities of Denmark (Done on Sept. 8, 2005).

 * Phase 2: Articles that don't exist yet (Done on Sept. 15, 2005).
 * Write articles for all municipalities on the Category talk:Municipalities of Denmark page (Done on Sept. 10, 2005).
 * Write articles for all the future municipalities, inclusive check base articles for formatting, etc. (Done on Sept. 15, 2005)
 * Brønderslev municipality (Brønderslev og Dronninglund)
 * Egedal municipality (Ledøje-Smørum, Stenløse og Ølstykke)
 * Favrskov municipality (Hammel, Hadsten, Hinnerup og Hvorslev)
 * Faxe municipality (Haslev, Fakse og Rønnede)
 * Fredensborg municipality (Fredensborg-Humlebæk og Karlebo)
 * Frederiksværk-Hundested municipality (Frederiksværk og Hundested)
 * Furesø municipality (Farum og Værløse)
 * Faaborg-Midtfyn municipality (Broby, Faaborg, Ringe, Ryslinge og Årslev)
 * Gribskov municipality (Græsted-Gilleleje og Helsinge)
 * Guldborgsund municipality (Nykøbing Falster, Nysted, Nørre Alslev, Sakskøbing, Stubbekøbing og Sydfalster)
 * Ikast-Brande municipality (Nørre-Snede, Brande og Ikast)
 * Jammerbugt municipality (Brovst, Fjerritslev, Pandrup og Aabybro)
 * Langeland municipality (Rudkøbing, Sydlangeland og Tranekær)
 * Lolland municipality (Holeby, Højreby, Maribo, Nakskov, Ravnsborg, Rudbjerg og Rødby)
 * Mariagerfjord municipality (Arden, Hadsund, Hobro og Mariager)
 * Norddjurs municipality (Grenaa, Nørre Djurs, Rougsø og Sønderhald Øst)
 * Odsherred municipality (Dragsholm, Nykøbing-Rørvig og Trundholm)
 * Rebild municipality (Nørager, Skørping og Støvring)
 * Ringkøbing-Skjern municipality (Egvad, Holmsland, Ringkøbing, Skjern og Videbæk)
 * Rudersdal municipality (Birkerød og Søllerød)
 * Syddjurs municipality (Ebeltoft, Midtdjurs, Rosenholm og Rønde)
 * Vesthimmerlands municipality (Aalestrup, Farsø, Løgstør og Aars)

 * Phase 3: The big exceptions (Done on Sept. 18, 2005).
 * Bornholm
 * Frederiksberg
 * Copenhagen

 * Phase 4: Verification
 * Run through from category list (one-by-one)
 * Final verification that all edits are done against the separate list— Municipalities of Denmark

 * Phase 5: Improvements
 * Move all articles that do not conform to standard "Name municipality", and fix links
 * Regional seats should be named in the municipalities articles
 * Add images from Commons
 * Organize images at Commons
 * Where necessary and possible, add pictures to Commons

Articles to write:

 * Copenhagen City Hall (Københavns Rådhus) - Copenhagen, Denmark.
 * Cottage garden
 * Hirschsprung Museum, see Heinrich Hirschsprung
 * Christian Krogh
 * Viktor Hammershoi
 * Musicians listed on the Danish Melodi Grand Prix list

Articles in progress:

 * Dyrehavsbakken
 * IAGSDC convention list into table format
 * Royal Danish Academy of Art, add history
 * Wilhelm Bendz

General to do

 * Johann Friedrich Struensee article:
 * Add picture - to be uploaded
 * Organize pictures on commons into a new Johann Friedrich Struensee category under Danish history and/or Danish politicians
 * Organize article with subheads
 * Delete POV
 * Add information
 * Garden vs. Gardening
 * Create a list of garden and gardening terms
 * Note list of organic garden and farming terms.
 * Separate garden information out of gardening article.
 * Set up the notable gardens section on its own article List of gardens.
 * Move vertical garden from gardening into its own article space and reference.
 * Gardening techniques: Hedge clipping - Lawnmowing - Pruning - Seed germinating - Sowing
 * Garden architecture and construction terms: Arbor: Open or semi-open sides, includes a built-in seat or bench - Arch - Bench - Bridge - Fence - Gazebo: Houselike with open or semi-open walls, full roof - Greenhouse - Path - Patio - Pavillion - Pergola - Planter - Pool - TrellisWoodwork or metal.
 * Gardening implements and tools: Rake - Shovel - Spade - Secators - Trowel - Wheelbarrow

title: User:Sfdan/To Do


text:
Baranof Lake

Baranof Lake is a glacially-fed, horseshoe-shaped lake on the eastern side of Baranof Island, in Alaska. Baranof Lake borders the community of Baranof Warm Springs and also has a Forest Service cabin on the northwestern end of the lake. Baranof River flows into the lake's western end and exits on the eastern end in rapids and a waterfall.

Baranof Lake was likely named for the community of Baranof Warm Springs.

title: Baranof Lake


text:
Talk:Exsultet

Plagiarism
Significant portions of this article seem to be taken verbatim from the old Catholic Encyclopedia: https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05730b.htm Michael Anthony Abril 17:03, 28 February 2023 (UTC)

Exsultet not Exultet
Exsultet is the apropriate name. "Exultet" translates differently in Latin. If it's a chant of the Roman church, it ought to go by the name and have Exultet in parenthesis. 64.83.198.245 (talk) 18:54, 22 March 2008 (UTC)

Vote for Deletion
This article survived a Vote for Deletion. The discussion can be found here. Expansion was requested. -Splash 07:10, 27 August 2005 (UTC)

Just what I needed
This article on the Exultet was just what I needed. It had the English and Latin text, and enough history to suggest that it was not always included in the Easter vigil, and which churches (nations) kept it alive. I am a fan of Latin and chant (and Easter and this beautiful hymn), and wanted a copy. Would like a sung version in both Latin and English. oneillhome@aol.com

Missing Link: Copy of Written Music For Exultet
Badly needed is a link to a legible copy of the complete original Gregorian Chant music for the Exultet. Text only is included in the ubiquitious Liber Usualis--but without the music. The music should not be hard to find, for someone with minimal resources. Before the transition away from Latin decreed by the Second Vatican Council of the 1960s, virtually every Roman Catholic church likely had a copy of books containing the music (and many may still have them in their archives). The music for the Exultet was in one of the three volumes which contained the complete Roman Catholic liturgy of Holy Week, beginning with the (Gregorian) chant of the gospel narratives of the Passion by three cantors (which explains the three volumes), in a fashion not unlike the form later adopted by Bach, but with a very different musical treatment. The culmination of the volumes is the Easter Vigil, and in the main cantor's volume was the complete Exultet, with music, the very volume from which he would sing in the ceremony.

Copyright likely expired: original composed in historic times (although the volumes mentioned above may not have been, depending on particular circumstances when published).

In the Internet era, it is practically criminal that a copy of the original music is not easily available. (I have searched and can't find it). This ought to be preserved, and not just in dusty libraries. 20060419 frankstachyra@hotmail.com

 * This issue has been resolved. See Exsultet: Difference between revisions -- Revision as of 03:08, 1 April 2007. 50.49.131.147 (talk) 00:42, 12 April 2021 (UTC)

The Latin is the Original
The English text here is a translation, albeit a poor one, of the original Latin. That being the case, why is the Latin text re-arranged to agree better with the English. Isn't that the tail wagging the dog? Shouldn't it be the other way around? Rwflammang (talk) 16:53, 13 April 2009 (UTC)

New translation
Any thoughts on updating the text to match the current (post 2011) text? Unfortunately, the current text is copyrighted, so reproducing it here would be a problem. WikiDan61 ChatMe!ReadMe!! 13:59, 28 March 2013 (UTC)
 * Never mind. I saw that the new text was added (although with little introduction, making it hard to recognize as such).  However, since the text is copyrighted, I have removed it, but added a link to the ICEL site with the present text (and music) for further elucidation.  WikiDan61 ChatMe!ReadMe!! 14:29, 28 March 2013 (UTC)

External links modified
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External links modified
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title: Talk:Exsultet


text:
Church Rock

Church Rock may refer to the following:

 * Church Rock, Antarctica, a steeple-like rock in Corinthian Bay

In the United States
 * Church Rock (Arizona), a rock pillar in Navajo County
 * Church Rock (Barnstable County, Massachusetts), an island of Massachusetts
 * Church Rock (Bristol County, Massachusetts), an island of Massachusetts
 * Church Rock, New Mexico, a census-designated place
 * Church Rock uranium mill spill, in Church Rock, New Mexico, 1979
 * Church Rock (Utah), a column of sandstone in San Juan County

title: Church Rock


text:
Canadian Peacekeeping Service Medal

The Canadian Peacekeeping Service Medal (Médaille canadienne du maintien de la paix) is a campaign medal created October 21, 1999 to recognize the contributions of all Canadian peacekeepers towards the ultimate goal of peace, after the United Nations Department of Peacekeeping Operations was awarded that year's Nobel Peace Prize. The inaugural presentation was made on September 6, 2000.

History
In 1988, the Nobel Peace Prize was awarded to United Nations Peacekeepers, in recognition of their efforts over more than 50 years to establish and maintain peace. This act inspired the creation of the Canadian Peacekeeping Service Medal, its purpose being to recognize all Canadians, including serving and former members of the Canadian Forces, members of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, other police services, and Canadian civilians, who contributed to peace on certain missions. Some time was involved in getting the medal to the presentation stage, but, as with the creation of any major honour or award, the approval of this award involved consultation with a large number of interested individuals.

Design
The Canadian peacekeeping Service Medal was designed by Bruce W. Beatty and is in the form of a 36 mm diameter disc with, on the obverse, the words PEACEKEEPING • SERVICE DE LA PAIX, separated by maple leaves, surrounding a rendition of the three Canadian Peacekeeper figures that top the Peacekeeping Monument in Ottawa; one is an unarmed United Nations Military Observer, holding binoculars, the second, a woman, shoulders a radio, while the third stands guard with a rifle, and above them is a dove, the international symbol of peace. The medal's reverse shows the word CANADA below a maple leaf surrounded by a laurel wreath and bearing the Royal Cypher of Queen Elizabeth II, symbolizing her roles as both fount of honour and Commander-in-Chief of her various forces. A single-toe claw attaches the top of the medal to the centre of a slotted bar on which is another maple leaf. This medallion is worn at the left chest, suspended on a 31.8mm wide ribbon coloured with vertical stripes in the shade of blue used by the United Nations, green (representing service), and Canada's official colours: red (also indicitave of blood shed in the service of peace), and white (also the colour of peace).

Eligibility
The Canadian Peacekeeping Service Medal recognizes Canadian Peacekeepers deployed outside Canada for a minimum of 30 days, which includes members of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, other police officers, and civilians who served with the forces on peacekeeping missions. As of September 2003, some 68,000 Peacekeeping Service Medals had been awarded.

title: Canadian Peacekeeping Service Medal