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Wikipedia:Jewish Encyclopedia topics/C2

501 – 520

 * 1) Aron Mendes Chumaceiro JE (JE | ) Ḥakam of Curaçao, Dutch West Indies; born at Amsterdam Jan. 28, 1810; died there Sept. 18, 1882. He received the
 * 2) Church Councils S 2007-03-04 (JE | ) Synods of the Roman Catholic Church, possessing legislative power in matters pertaining to doctrine and discipline. The Apostles' synod at
 * 3) Church Fathers S 2007-03-04 (JE | ) The early teachers and defenders of Christianity. The most important of the fathers lived and worked in a period when
 * 4) Abraham David Churriker (JE | ) Beni-Israel soldier and police officer; born 1822; died at Puna Nov. 2, 1867. He enlisted in the Third Regiment of
 * 5) Chushan-Rishathaim S 2007-03-04 (JE | ) A king of Mesopotamia, or, more specifically, of Aram-naharaim ("Aram of the two rivers"), probably a kingdom in northern Mesopotamia
 * 6) Daniel Abramovich Chwolson JE S 2007-03-04 (JE | ) Russian Orientalist; born at Wilna Dec. 15, 1819. As he showed marked ability in the study of Hebrew and Talmud,
 * 7) Marcus Tullius Cicero S 2007-03-04 (JE | ) Roman statesman and orator; born 106; died 43 B.C. In 59 he delivered in the Aurelian Forum at Rome a
 * 8) Ciciruacchio (JE | ) -- See B1533: Brunetti, Angelo
 * 9) Cid S 2007-03-04 (JE | ) The conqueror of Valencia (1094) and popular hero of the Spanish nation. Lacking money to pay his knights, he negotiated
 * 10) Cilicia S 2007-03-04 (JE | ) Ancient province of southeastern Asia Minor, separated from Syria by the Taurus-Amanus range. In native Phenician inscriptions the name is
 * 11) Cincinnati, Ohio >> History of the Jews in Cincinnati S 2007-03-04 (JE | ) Seat of Hamilton county, Ohio, U. S. A. Its Jewish community is the oldest west of the Alleghany Mountains. In
 * 12) Cinnamon S 2007-03-04 (JE | ) The bark of the Cinnamomum Zeylanicum, a plant so called botanically because growing best in Ceylon. A variety often substituted
 * 13) Cipher S 2007-03-04 (JE | ) -- See G128: GemaṬria
 * 14) Circumcision (Brit milah) S 2007-03-04 (JE | ) A religious rite performed on male children of Jews on the eighth day after birth; also on their slaves, whether
 * 15) Circumstantial Evidence (JE | ) Evidence consisting of circumstances which afford reasonable ground for believing in the guilt or innocence of an accused person. Circumstantial
 * 16) Circus S 2007-03-04 (JE | ) In antiquity a large enclosure used for horse-and chariot-races, and sometimes for gladiatorial combats, etc. Public games and theatrical representations
 * 17) Cisterns S 2007-03-04 (JE | ) -- See W116: Well
 * 18) Cities of Refuge S 2007-03-04 (JE | ) -- See A2067: Asylum
 * 19) Citron (Etrog) S 2007-03-04 (JE | ) -- See E506: Etrog
 * 20) Samuel Löb Citron (JE | ) Hebrew writer of fiction and literary critic; born at Minsk, Russia, May 24, 1862. He attended the rabbinical school at

521 – 540

 * 1) City S 2007-03-04 (JE | ) The Hebrews distinguished in size between villages and cities. The individual homesteads (V04p104001.jpg, Ex. viii. 9; Lev. xxv. 31; Josh.
 * 2) Ciudad Real (JE | ) Capital of the former province of La Mancha (now the province of Ciudad Real) in New Castile, founded in 1255
 * 3) Cividali (JE | ) Italian city, in the province of Udine. It is a part of the ancient duchy of Friuli, now divided between
 * 4) Emil Claar (JE | ) Austrian poet, playwright, and actor; born Oct. 7, 1842, in Lemberg. Early in life he went to Vienna with the
 * 5) Classical Writers and the Jews (JE | ) The name Ιουδαὶος is apparently first mentioned by Theophrastus, a philosopher of the fourth century B.C. He regards the Jews
 * 6) Claudius S 2007-03-04 (JE | ) Roman emperor, 41-54 C.E. Claudius was the second son of Drusus, the brother of the emperor Tiberius. Being of a
 * 7) Ritius Namatianus Claudius (JE | ) Roman poet. He held high public offices in Rome, but returned (416) to Gaul, the land of his birth, after
 * 8) Isaiah Clava (JE | ) Spanish poet of Amsterdam. He translated from Hebrew into Spanish a Purim song, under the title "Cancio de Purim, Establecido
 * 9) Robert Clavering (JE | ) Bishop of Peterborough and Christian Hebraist; born in 1671; died July 21, 1747. He was regius professor of Hebrew at
 * 10) Clay S 2007-03-04 (JE | ) A word used in the Old Testament to denote several kinds of soil, including the clays of the East as
 * 11) Clean and Unclean animals (JE | ) Animals ceremonially pure and fit for food, and such as are not. Biblical Data: The distinction between clean and unclean
 * 12) Cleanness and Uncleanness (JE | ) -- See P616: Purity
 * 13) Daniel Chayyim Cleif (Daniel Hayyim Cleif) (JE | ) Russian rabbi; born in Amsterdam 1729; died there May 14, 1794. He settled in Hasenpoth, in the government of Courland,
 * 14) Clement XIV S 2007-03-04 (JE | ) Two hundred and fifty-sixth pope; born at San Arcangelo, near Rimini, Oct. 31, 1705; elected May 19, 1769; died Sept.
 * 15) Clementina (JE | ) A series of kindred works of a Judæo-Christian sect of the second century, of which only the Homilies, the Recognitions,
 * 16) Cleopatra S 2007-03-04 (JE | ) Queen of Egypt 52-30 B.C.; daughter of Ptolemy Auletes. Through her association with the rulers of Rome, Cleopatra was of
 * 17) Cleopatra of Jerusalem (JE | ) One of the nine wives of Herod I., whom he married late in life. She bore to him Herod and
 * 18) Clergy S 2007-03-04 (JE | ) -- See P523: Priest and Priesthood
 * 19) Clerical errors (JE | ) Errors made in the writing of documents, especially legal documents, for the prevention of which the Jews have many stringent
 * 20) Clermont-Ferrand (JE | ) Chief town of the department of Puy-de-Dôme, France. The origin of the Jewish community of Augusta-Nemetum (Clermont) is usually assigned

541 – 560

 * 1) Cleve, Germany (JE | ) -- See J720: JÜlich
 * 2) Elijah Cleve (JE | ) See Gomperz Family.
 * 3) Cleveland, Ohio >> History of the Jews in Cleveland (JE | ) Capital of Cuyahoga county, Ohio, U. S. A.; situated at the mouth of the Cuyahoga River, and an important port
 * 4) Climation (JE | ) The adaptation of the individual to a new climate. It has been observed that when people emigrate to a strange
 * 5) Clisson (JE | ) Town in the department of Loire-Inférieure, France, formerly belonging to the province of Brittany. Clisson was a center of Jewish
 * 6) Cloak S 2007-03-04 (JE | ) -- See M161: Mantle
 * 7) Cloud S 2007-03-04 (JE | ) The Hebrew equivalents for "cloud" are: (1) "'Anan," (Gen. ix. 13, 14; Ex. xiii., passim), which occurs once in the
 * 8) Pillar of Cloud (JE | ) When Israel was marching through the wilderness, Yhwh, wrapped in a pillar of cloud, preceded the people in order to
 * 9) Coal S 2007-03-04 (JE | ) Expressed in the Bible by two words, V04p123009.jpg (Prov. xxvi. 21; Isa. xliv. 12, liv. 16) andV04p124001.jpg (Ps. xviii. 9
 * 10) Coat S 2007-03-04 (JE | ) An outer garment with sleeves, for the upper part of the body; in the Bible it is an article of
 * 11) Coat of Arms S 2007-03-04 (JE | ) Armorial bearings of families to which the right to bear arms has been granted by the recognized heraldic authorities. This
 * 12) Adolphe Coblence (JE | ) French army surgeon; born at Nancy May 11, 1812; died in Paris Sept 18, 1872. He entered the service of
 * 13) Coblenz (Koblenz) S 2007-03-04 (JE | ) Prussian city on the Rhine. Jews settled there between 1135 and 1159, and are first mentioned in the "Judenschreinsbuch" (Archives)
 * 14) Gerson ben Isaac Moses Coblenz (JE | ) French rabbi and author; born about 1717; died at Metz in the first half of the eighteenth century. He was
 * 15) Cobo (JE | ) -- See C840: Covo
 * 16) Johannes Cocceius (Johannes Koch) S 2007-03-04 (JE | ) German theologian and Hebraist; born at Bremen 1603; died at Leyden Nov. 5, 1669. He was appointed professor of Hebrew
 * 17) Joseph ben Abraham Cochabi (JE | ) -- See K336: Kokabi, Joseph ben Abraham
 * 18) Cochin Jews S 2007-03-04 (JE | ) State of India, within the Madras Presidency. The Jews in Cochin numbered 1,142 in 1891, and are divided into two
 * 19) Cock S 2007-03-04 (JE | ) The male of the domestic fowl. The original habitat of the domestic fowl is generally supposed to be India, whence
 * 20) Cockatrice S 2007-03-04 (JE | ) -- See B392: Basilisk

561 – 580

 * 1) Codes S 2007-03-04 (JE | ) -- See L107: Laws, Codification of
 * 2) Codicil S 2007-03-04 (JE | ) -- See W188: Will
 * 3) Coele-Syria S 2007-03-04 (JE | ) The name, occurring in the Greek apocryphal writings, of a Persian province lying between Egypt and the Euphrates. In old
 * 4) Coen (JE | ) Physician-in-ordinary at the court of Prince Vassile Lupu, hospodar of Moldavia from 1634 to 1654. The dates of his birth
 * 5) Achille Coen (JE | ) Italian soldier; born at Leghorn in 1851. He studied at the military academy of his native town, and was appointed
 * 6) Benjamin Vitale Coen (JE | ) Italian rabbi; born at Alessandria della Paglia in the second half of the seventeenth century; died at Reggio nell' Emilia
 * 7) Giuseppe Coen (JE | ) Italian painter; born in Ferrara 1811; died in Venice Jan. 26, 1856. He was descended from an old and distinguished
 * 8) Graziadio Vita Anania Coen (JE | ) Italian, rabbi and scholar; born at Reggio nell' Emilia about 1750: died March 28, 1834. He studied under Sansone Naḥmani
 * 9) Jacob Coen (JE | ) Eldest son of Abraham Coen, and receiver-general ("contador mayor") of Count Maurice of Nassau, Stadtholder of the United Provinces of
 * 10) Jan Pieterszoon Coen S 2007-03-04 (JE | ) Governor-general of Java, and founder of the Dutch colonial system; born at Hoorn, Holland, Jan. 8, 1587; died in 1629.
 * 11) Josef di Michele Coen (JE | ) One of the Jewish boys of Rome baptized under Pope Pius IX.; born 1854. In 1864 he was apprenticed to
 * 12) Moses Vita Coen (JE | ) Banker at Ferrara, Italy, in the eighteenth century. He often transacted business with Pope Clement XIII. and with his successor,
 * 13) Raffaelo del Fu Vitale Coen (JE | ) Austrian physician; born at Spalato, Dalmatia, Jan. 19, 1839. He was educated at the gymnasium of his native town and
 * 14) Coen-Cantarini (JE | ) -- See C99: Cantarini
 * 15) Coffee S 2007-03-04 (JE | ) A decoction of the berry of the Coffea Arabica, supposed to be indigenous to Abyssinia, and introduced into Arabia in
 * 16) Coffin S 2007-03-04 (JE | ) The custom of using coffins is probably borrowed from the Egyptians. It is recorded of Joseph that he was "put
 * 17) Cohen S 2007-03-04 (JE | ) The most usual surnames of European Jews. It indicates a family claiming. descent from Aaron, the high priest. "Cohen" is
 * 18) Cohen (JE | ) A Baltimore family, originally from Bavaria, which has occupied an important place in the Jewish community and in municipal life
 * 19) Abner Cohen (JE | ) The pioneer of Krugersdorp, Transvaal Colony; born about 1860; emigrated to South Africa in 1881; worked his way north, and
 * 20) Abraham Cohen (editor) (JE | ) (1887-1957); editor of Soncino Books of the Bible and participated in the Soncino translation of the Talmud and Midrash.

581 – 600

 * 1) Abraham Cohen (JE | ) Assistant rabbi in Tunis; died 1840 at Safed, whither he had made a pilgrimage in his old age. He was
 * 2) Abraham Cohen (JE | ) Chief rabbi of Djerba, an island near Tunis; died in 1870. He was the author of a Hebrew poem, "Shir
 * 3) Alfred J. Cohen (JE | ) American dramatic critic; born May 14, 1861, at Birmingham, England, where he attended King Edward's School. Then followed three years'
 * 4) Anne-Jean-Philippe-Louis Cohen de Vinkenhoff (JE | ) French litterateur; born at Amersfort, in the Netherlands, Oct. 17, 1781; died in Paris April 6, 1848. Beginning as a
 * 5) Aristide Félix Cohen (JE | ) French author; born at Marseilles Dec. 31, 1831; died in Paris Feb. 17, 1896; brother of the composer Jules Cohen.
 * 6) Arthur Cohen JE S 2007-03-04 (JE | ) English barrister and king's counsel; born in London Nov. 18, 1830. After three years' study at the gymnasium in Frankfort-on-the-Main,
 * 7) Benjamin Louis Cohen (JE | ) British politician and communal worker; member of Parliament for East Islington since 1892; born in London in 1844; son of
 * 8) Benoit Cohen (JE | ) Philanthropist; born 1798 in Amsterdam; died in Paris July 15, 1856. He went to Paris as a young man, and
 * 9) David Cohen S 2007-03-04 (JE | ) Rabbi (1902) of the island of Djerba, near Tunis. He is the author of the following Hebrew works: "Shire David"
 * 10) David de Lara Cohen (JE | ) -- See C590: Lara, David Cohen de
 * 11) Edward Cohen (JE | ) Australian statesman; born in London 1822; died March, 1877. He received his early education in Australia, and entered into business
 * 12) Elias Cohen (JE | ) Turkish physician; born in 1844. He belongs to a family many members of which have been distinguished in medicine. His
 * 13) Ellen Gertrude Cohen (JE | ) English painter; studied at the Slade and Royal Academy schools, London, and in Paris under Constant and Laurens; first exhibited
 * 14) Emil Wilhelm Cohen (JE | ) German mineralogist; born at Aakjaer, near Horsens, Jutland, Oct. 12, 1842. He studied at the universities of Heidelberg and Berlin,
 * 15) Francis Cohen (JE | ) -- See P36: Palgrave, Francis
 * 16) Francis Lyon Cohen (JE | ) English rabbi, author, and expert on Hebrew music; born at Aldershot Nov. 14, 1862, and educated at Jews' College and
 * 17) Halifa Cohen (JE | ) Tunisian rabbi residing (1902) at Djerba. He is the author of two Hebrew works: "Sifte Renanot" (Joyful Lips), a commentary
 * 18) Chayyim Cohen (Hayyim Cohen) (JE | ) Tunisian rabbi; lived in the second half of the nineteenth century, on the island of Djerba, near Tunis. He is
 * 19) Henri Cohen (JE | ) French composer and numismatist; born at Amsterdam 1805; died at Bry-sur-Marne May 17, 1880. Cohen's parents went to France in
 * 20) Henry Cohen (JE | ) American rabbi; born in London April 7, 1863. He was educated in London, and when only eighteen traveled in Africa

601 – 620

 * 1) Henry Emanuel Cohen (JE | ) Judge of the supreme court of New South Wales; born at PortMacquarie Dec., 1840. After receiving an ordinary education he
 * 2) Hermann Cohen S 2007-03-04 (JE | ) German philosopher; born in Coswig, Anhalt, Germany, July 4, 1842. He early began to study philosophy, and soon became known
 * 3) Isaac Cohen (JE | ) English theatrical manager; born about 1835. He is one of the oldest of the London managers, having, first on the
 * 4) Jacob Raphael Cohen (JE | ) American ḥazzan; believed to have been born in the Barbary States; died in Philadelphia, Pa., Sept., 1811. Cohen lived in
 * 5) Jacob da Silva Solis Cohen (JE | ) Amerrican laryngologist; born in New York city Feb. 28, 1838. He was educated at the Central High School of Philadelphia,
 * 6) Joseph Cohen (JE | ) French journalist; born at Marseilles Nov. 1, 1817; died in Paris 1899. After finishing his studies at Aix, he was
 * 7) Josiah Cohen (JE | ) American lawyer and judge; born at Plymouth, England, Nov. 29, 1841, of a family long settled in Cornwall. He is
 * 8) Judah ben Isaac ben Moses Cohen (JE | ) Provençal philosopher of the middle of the fourteenth century. He was a disciple of Samuel of Marseilles, and a relative
 * 9) Jules Emile David Cohen (JE | ) French composer; born at Marseilles Nov. 2, 1830; died in Paris Jan., 1901; studied at the Paris Conservatoire, under Zimmerman,
 * 10) J. I. de Lissa Cohen (JE | ) Mauritius journalist; died May 31, 1879, at Curepipe. He was connected for nearly twenty years with journalism, and was editor
 * 11) Katherine M. Cohen (JE | ) American sculptor and painter; born in Philadelphia, Pa., March 18, 1859. She early evinced a taste for art, especially for
 * 12) Léonce Cohen (JE | ) French musician; born at Paris Feb. 12, 1829; died 1884. He studied at the Conservatory of Paris under Leborne. In
 * 13) Levi A. Cohen (JE | ) Journalist and champion of the Jews of Tangier; born at Mogador in 1844; died at Tangier Nov. 9, 1888. He
 * 14) Levi Ali Cohen (JE | ) Dutch physician and medical author; born Oct. 6, 1817, at Meppel, province of Drenthe, Holland; died Nov. 22, 1889, at
 * 15) Levy Barent Cohen (JE | ) English financier and communal worker; born at Amsterdam 1740; died in England 1808; son of Barent Cohen, a wealthy merchant
 * 16) Lionel Louis Cohen JE (JE | ) English financier, politician, and communal worker; born in London 1832; died there June 26, 1887; son of Louis Cohen, founder
 * 17) Louis Cohen (JE | ) English communal worker; born in London Sept., 1799; died there March 15, 1882. For two generations Cohen was a commanding
 * 18) Louis S. Cohen (JE | ) Lord mayor of Liverpool in 1899; born at Sydney, New South Wales, in 1846; son of Samuel Cohen, who represented
 * 19) Menahem Cohen (JE | ) Chief rabbi of Serres, European Turkey, in 1862; was in office for twenty years; died a nonagenarian in Jerusalem. He was summoned to Constantinople by...
 * 20) Michel Cohen (JE | ) Dutch soldier; born Nov. 27, 1877, in Goes, province of Zeeland, Holland. After a common-school education at his native place,

621 – 640

 * 1) Moses Cohen (JE | ) Bulgarian journalist; born at Shumla, Bulgaria, in 1864. He published in French "Petite Histoire des Israélites," Philippopolis, 1897, a text-book
 * 2) Moses ben Eliezer Cohen (JE | ) Moralist; lived in Germany, probably at Coblenz, in the second half of the fourteenth century. He was the author of
 * 3) Nahum Cohen (JE | ) Russian journalist; born in 1863; died at Yekaterinoslav Jan. 27, 1893. His ghetto story, "V Glukhom Myestechkye" (In a Dull
 * 4) Naphtali Cohen JE S 2007-03-04 (JE | ) Russo-German rabbi and cabalist; born in 1649 at Ostrowo in the Ukraine; died at Constantinople Dec. 20, 1718. He belonged
 * 5) Raphael Cohen (JE | ) -- See R109: Raphael Ben Jekuthiel ha-Kohen
 * 6) Shabbethai Cohen (JE | ) -- See S525: Shabbethai Ben MeÏr ha-Kohen
 * 7) Saul Cohen (JE | ) African rabbi; born in Djerba, North Africa, in 1772; died there April, 1848. Although blind and very poor, he was
 * 8) Shalom ben Jacob Cohen (JE | ) Polish Hebraist; born at Meseritz (Mezhiryechye), Poland, Dec. 23, 1772; died at Hamburg Feb. 20, 1845. Prompted by a love
 * 9) Solomon ben Eliezer Lipmann Cohen of Lissa (JE | ) German scholar; lived at Posen at the end of the eighteenth century and at the beginning of the nineteenth. He
 * 10) Solomon da Silva Solis Cohen (JE | ) American physician; born at Philadelphia, Pa., Sept., 1857. Educated in the public schools, he graduated from the Central High School
 * 11) Uri ben Eliezer Liebermann Cohen (JE | ) French Talmudist; died May, 1806, at an advanced age in his native city, Metz. His father was a member of
 * 12) David Cohen-Carlos (JE | ) A writer resident in Hamburg in the seventeenth century. In 1631 he either translated the Song of Songs into Spanish
 * 13) Ephraim Cohen-Lipschütz (JE | ) Italian rabbi and author of the second half of the seventeenth century. He was one of the rabbis at Modena,
 * 14) Judah ben Abraham Cohen-Tanugi (JE | ) Rabbi and writer; died at Tunis about 1835, at an advanced age. He is the author of two Hebrew works,
 * 15) Abraham Cohen Yitzaqi (Abraham Cohen-Yizaki) (JE | ) Tunisian rabbi and writer; born at Tunis; died there in 1864. He is the author of the following Hebrew works,
 * 16) Adolphe Cohn JE S 2007-03-04 (JE | ) American philologist; born at Paris May 29, 1851. He was graduated "bachelier ès lettres" from the University of Paris in
 * 17) Albert Cohn JE (JE | ) French philanthropist and scholar; born in Presburg, Hungary, Sept. 14, 1814; died at Paris March 15, 1877. He belonged to
 * 18) Bernard Cohn (JE | ) German physician; born March 30, 1827, at Breslau; died there June 16, 1864. He was educated at the gymnasium and
 * 19) Emil Cohn (JE | ) German physicist; born at Neu-Strelitz Sept. 28, 1854; studied at the University of Strasburg, whence he was graduated as Ph.D.
 * 20) Falk Cohn (JE | ) German rabbi; born at Dessau Sept. 18, 1833; died at Bonn March 6, 1901. The son of a rabbi and

641 – 660

 * 1) Ferdinand Julius Cohn S 2007-03-04 (JE | ) German botanist and zoologist; born in Breslau Jan. 24, 1828; died there June 25, 1898; eldest son of Isaac Cohn,
 * 2) Georg Ludwig Cohn (JE | ) German jurist; born Sept. 19, 1845, at Breslau, Germany. He was honorary professor in German civil and commercial law at
 * 3) Gustav Cohn JE S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) German economist; born Sept. 12, 1840, at Marienwerder, West Prussia. He studied at the universities of Berlin and Jena. During
 * 4) Hermann L. Cohn (JE | ) German ophthalmologist; born at Breslau June 4, 1838. After graduating from the gymnasium of his native town he studied chemistry
 * 5) Lassar Cohn (JE | ) German chemist; born at Hamburg Sept. 6, 1858. After attending the gymnasium at Königsberg, he studied chemistry at different universities,
 * 6) Léon Cohn (JE | ) French statesman; born in Paris March 11, 1849; second son of Albert Cohn. His early training was received at the
 * 7) Leopold Cohn JE S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) German author and philologist; born Jan. 14, 1856, at Zempelburg, province of West Prussia. He received his education at the
 * 8) Ludwig Adolf Cohn (JE | ) German historian; born in Breslau May 22, 1834; died in Göttingen Jan. 13, 1871. He belonged to a prominent family
 * 9) Martin Cohn (JE | ) -- See M389: Mels, A.
 * 10) Meshullam Solomon Cohn (Meshullam Solomon Kohn) (JE | ) German rabbi; born about 1739; died at Fürth Dec. 17, 1819. After having spent a few years in the yeshibot
 * 11) Moritz Cohn (JE | ) Austrian writer; born at Kreuzburg, Silesia, Jan. 8, 1844. Educated at the high school of Brieg, he began life as
 * 12) Oskar Justinus Cohn (JE | ) German writer; born at Breslau Feb. 21, 1839; died at Bad Nauheim Aug. 6, 1893. Educated for a mercantile career,
 * 13) Rudolf Cohn (JE | ) German physiologist; born at Schneidemühl, Posen, Germany, April 23, 1862. He received his education at the Kneiphöf'sche Gymnasium and at
 * 14) Samuel Cohn (JE | ) German political economist; born at Bromberg 1862; died in Berlin July 30, 1900. He attended the Joachimsthal-Gymnasium, and studied philology
 * 15) Solomon Cohn (JE | ) German rabbi; born at Zülz, Prussian Silesia, March 24, 1822; died in Breslau Sept. 22, 1902. He was a grandson
 * 16) Tobias Cohn JE S 2007-03-06 >> Ma'aseh Toviyyah JE (JE | ) Polish physician; born at Metz, Germany, 1652; died at Jerusalem 1729. His grandfather was the physician Eleazar Kohn, who emigrated
 * 17) Tobias Cohn UNR ours is about another Tobis Cohn (JE | ) German rabbi and writer; born at Hammerstein, West Prussia, Feb. 2, 1826. After graduating from the normal school, he conducted
 * 18) Toby Cohn (JE | ) German physician and medical author; born at Breslau Dec. 26, 1866. Cohn was educated at the Elisabeth gymnasium of his
 * 19) Adalbert Dorotheus Solomon Cohnfeld (JE | ) German author; born in Pyritz, Pomerania, Aug. 3, 1809; died in Berlin Jan. 20, 1868. He lived in Ḅreslau during
 * 20) Julius Cohnheim JE S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) German pathologist; born at Demmin, Pomerania, July 20, 1839; died in Leipsic Aug. 15, 1884. He studied at the universities

661 – 680

 * 1) Paul Cohnheim (JE | ) German physician; born at Labes, in Pomerania, Dec. 2, 1867. He was educated at the gymnasium at Stettin and the
 * 2) Isidor Cohnstein (JE | ) German gynecologist; born at Gnesen, province of Posen, Prussia, Aug. 1, 1841; died at Charlottenburg, near Berlin, July 25, 1894.
 * 3) Coimbra S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) City of Portugal, capital of the province of Beira, in which there was formerly a "Juderia," or Jewish quarter, now
 * 4) Coin-Makers (JE | ) -- See M645: Minters.
 * 5) Coins, Coinage S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) -- See N368: Numismatics
 * 6) Colchester (JE | ) County town of Essex, England. Jews are first mentioned as living in Colchester in 1185, and it is probable that
 * 7) John William Colenso S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) Bishop of Natal and English Biblical critic; born at St. Austell, Cornwall, Jan. 24, 1814; died Jan. 20, 1883. He
 * 8) Collar S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) A rendering in Judges viii. 26 of the Hebrew word V04p164001.jpg. In the other passage (Isa. iii. 19) in which
 * 9) Rabbinical Colleges (JE | ) See Seminaries, Rabbinical.
 * 10) Charlotte Collins (JE | ) Anglo-American actress; born in London, England, about 1865. She began her stage career at the age of five, when she
 * 11) Colmar (JE | ) Chief town of Upper Alsace, Germany, on the Lauch and the Fecht. At the beginning of the thirteenth century Colmar
 * 12) Abraham Cologna (JE | ) -- See A413: Abraham de Cologna
 * 13) Cologne >> History of the Jews in Cologne (JE | ) City of Rhenish Prussia. There are indications that a Jewish community existed here long before Christianity had become dominant.
 * 14) Colombia >> History of the Jews in Colombia (JE | ) -- See U33: United States of Colombia
 * 15) Colon S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) -- See P48: Panama
 * 16) Joseph ben Solomon Colon JE (JE | ) The foremost Talmudist of Italy in the second half of the fifteenth century; born probably at Chambéry, Savoy, about 1420;
 * 17) Colonial Jewish Monthly (JE | ) -- See P199: Periodicals
 * 18) Jules Edouard Colonne (JE | ) French musician; born at Bordeaux July 23, 1838. He studied at the Paris Conservatory, where he was awarded the first
 * 19) Colophon (JE | ) An inscription or device placed at the end of books, generally with the intention of showing the title, the writer's
 * 20) Color (JE | ) It is noteworthy that Biblical Hebrew contains no term to express that property of light known as color. When a

681 – 700

 * 1) Colorado >> History of the Jews in Colorado (JE | ) One of the United States of North America; bounded on the north by Wyoming and Nebraska; east by Nebraska and
 * 2) Abraham Colorni (Abraham Colorno) (JE | ) Italian engineer; born at Mantua about 1530. His great skill in his profession caused him to be much sought after,
 * 3) Malachi Colorni (JE | ) Italian author; lived at Modena in the eighteenth century. He wrote a guide to letter-writing, "Megillat Sefer," still extant in
 * 4) Christopher Columbus and the Jews (JE | ) According to his own statement, Columbus had constant intercourse with Jews and Moors, with priests and laymen. He had personal
 * 5) Columbus, Georgia >> History of the Jews in Columbus, Georgia (JE | ) -- See G149: Georgia
 * 6) Columbus, Ohio >> History of the Jews in Columbus, Ohio (JE | ) -- See O37: Ohio
 * 7) Comets S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) -- See A2052: Astronomy
 * 8) Commandment ours redirects to 10 commandments (JE | ) The rendering in the English Bible versions of the Hebrew V04p180001.jpg, which, in its technical sense, is used in the
 * 9) 613 Commandments (613 Mitzvot) (JE | ) That the law of Moses contains 613 commandments is stated by R. Simlai, a Palestinian haggadist, who says (Mak. 23b):
 * 10) Ten Commandments S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) -- See D192: Decalogue
 * 11) Commentaries on the Bible ours discusses only Christian commentaries (JE | ) -- See B1029: Bible Exegesis
 * 12) Commentaries on the Talmud (JE | ) -- See C692: Talmud, Commentaries to the
 * 13) Commerce (JE | ) Sale or exchange of goods, generally on a large scale. During the Biblical period the Hebrews in Palestine had what
 * 14) Commercial Law (JE | ) According to Jewish law persons legally capable of entering into any form of contract are legally capable of making commercial
 * 15) Commission (JE | ) -- See B1502: Brokers
 * 16) Organization of Jewish communities (JE | ) At the beginning of the common era there were Jewish communities at Alexandria, Rome, Salamis, Corinth, Athens, Delos, etc.; at
 * 17) Commutation of sentence S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) -- See J691: Judgment
 * 18) Como S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) City on the Italian lake of the same name. Como never possessed a Jewish community, although a single Jewish family,
 * 19) Compassion S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) Sorrow and pity for one in distress, creating a desire to relieve, a feeling ascribed alike to man and God;
 * 20) Compensation S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) See Fees, Legal.

701 – 720

 * 1) Ludwig Compiégne de Weil (JE | ) Convert to Christianity; lived at Paris, later at Metz, in the second half of the seventeenth century. He was a
 * 2) Comprat Vidal Ferussol (JE | ) -- See F49: Farissol, Jacob Ben Ḥayyim Comprat Vidal
 * 3) Mordecai ben Eliezer Comtino JE (JE | ) Turkish Talmudist and scientist; lived at Adrianople and Constantinople; died in the latter city between 1485 and 1490. The earliest
 * 4) Conaniah (JE | ) A Levite who in the reign of Hezekiah had charge of the offerings and tithes brought to the Temple. Associated
 * 5) Abraham ben Solomon Conat JE (JE | ) Italian printer, Talmudist, and physician: flourished at Mantua in the second half of the fifteenth century. He obtained the title
 * 6) Joseph ben Gershon Concio (JE | ) Italian author; lived at Asti and Chieri in the beginning of the seventeenth century. He published several Hebrew poems, including:
 * 7) Concordance (JE | ) An alphabetical list of all the words in a book, with references to the passages where each word is found.
 * 8) Concubinage S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) -- See P313: Pilegesh
 * 9) Conditions S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) Qualifications or limitations annexed to an agreement by which it may be continued, altered, or rendered of no effect upon
 * 10) Condom, France S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) County seat in the department of Gers, France. Jews were found there at the beginning of the fourteenth century. In
 * 11) Conduits S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) -- See A1673: Aqueducts in Palestine
 * 12) Conegliano ours is about an Italian city (JE | ) A prominent Jewish family of northern Italy. The spelling "Conian," according to Kaufmann, is a misreading of the Hebrew V04p209003.jpg.
 * 13) Immanuel Conegliano (JE | ) -- See P431: Ponte, Lorenzo Da
 * 14) Coney S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) A small herbivorous animal (Hyrax Syriacus or Hyrax Daman) mentioned in the Bible. "Coney" is the traditional rendering of the
 * 15) Rabbinical Conferences >> Rabbinical Conference of Brunswick JE (JE | ) Assemblies of rabbis to determine common courses of action or common principles of faith. Rabbinical conferences are a late phenomenon
 * 16) Confession of sin (JE | ) The Scriptures repeatedly prescribe confession of sin as a means to expiation and atonement. "It shall be that when he
 * 17) Confirmation S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) Solemn form of initiation of the Jewish youth into their ancestral faith. The rite is mentioned officially for the first
 * 18) Confiscation and Forfeiture S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) Appropriation of private property to the public use or treasury. Confiscation of the property of peaceable aliens in Palestine who
 * 19) Confiscation of Hebrew books (JE | ) The first known decree directed against Hebrew literature is one of the emperor Justinian (553) forbidding the Jews to use
 * 20) Conflict of laws S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) A disagreement between the laws of two states with reference to litigation affecting private rights claimed to be subject to

721 – 740

 * 1) Conflict of opinion (JE | ) Rarely did an opinion expressed by one of the rabbis of the Talmud pass unchallenged. In questions involving logical reasoning,
 * 2) Conflict of passages (JE | ) -- See H627: Hermeneutics
 * 3) David Conforte (or Conforti) JE S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) Hebrew literary historian; born in Salonica about 1618; died about 1685. Conforte came of a family of scholars. His early
 * 4) Congregation S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) An assembly convoked for a certain time and purpose (V04p227001.jpg = ????????, I Kings viii. 65; Joel ii. 16;
 * 5) Congress of Jewish Women (JE | ) One of the denominational congresses of the World's Parliament of Religions, held at the Columbian Exposition in Chicago, Ill., 1893.
 * 6) Carlo Conigliani (JE | ) Italian jurist and political economist; born at Modena June 25, 1868; died there Dec. 6, 1901. After studying law at
 * 7) Conitz S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) -- See K355: Konitz
 * 8) Conjunctive S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) -- See A717: Accents in Hebrew
 * 9) Connecticut >> History of the Jews in Connecticut (JE | ) One of the six New England States, and one of the thirteen original states of theUnion. The first mention of
 * 10) Abraham ben Levi Conque JE (JE | ) Cabalist; lived at Hebron, Palestine, in the second half of the seventeenth century. Swayed by his cabalistic studies, Conque threw
 * 11) Joseph Conque (JE | ) Nephew of Abraham ben Levi Conque; lived in Hebron, Palestine, during the seventeenth century. He was the teacher of Isaac
 * 12) Conrad of Winterthur (JE | ) Burgomaster of Strasburg during the Black Death, in 1348. Together with the councilors Goffe Sturm (Schöppe) and Peter Schwarber, he
 * 13) Mase Conrat (JE | ) Professor and writer on Roman law; born in Breslau Sept. 16, 1848. His original name was Cohn, which he exchanged
 * 14) Consaguinity among Jews (JE | ) Owing to their dispersion among populations professing creed different from their own, Jews have married ear relatives more frequently than
 * 15) Consecration our is missing Judaism meaning (JE | ) The solemn setting apart of a person or thing to a special use or purpose. According to Fleischer (Levy, "Neuhebr.
 * 16) Consent S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) A voluntary yielding of the will, judgment, or inclination to what is proposed or desired by another. A rational and
 * 17) Consistory JE S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) An ecclesiastical court; in Jewish usage, a body governing the Jewish congregations of a province or of a country; also
 * 18) Consolation our article is about Dutch band :) (JE | ) Comfort; alleviation of sorrow (V04p233001.jpg); relief from grief (from V04p233002.jpg, meaning in pi'el form "to remove grief"); words of sympathy
 * 19) Benjamin Consolo (JE | ) Italian Hebraist; born at Ancona in 1806; died at Florence in 1887. He received his elementary instruction from Rabbi David
 * 20) Federico Consolo JE S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) Italian violin virtuoso, composer, and scholar; born at Ancona in 1841. After studying the violin with Giorgetti in Florence and

741 – 760

 * 1) Consonants in Hebrew S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) -- See H485: Hebrew Language
 * 2) Lake of Constance, Switzerland (JE | ) Region in the northeastern part of Switzerland. Of the Jewish communities designated as belonging to the district of the Lake
 * 3) Constantine I S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) Roman emperor; born Feb. 27, 274; died May 22, 337; proclaimed emperor by the army in Gaul on the death
 * 4) Constantine, Algeria S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) City in Algeria; capital of the department of the same name. In ancient times it was the capital of Numidia.
 * 5) Abraham Constantinis (JE | ) Greek manufacturer, and president ("proëdros") of the Jewish community of Athens, Greece. He was born at Zante in 1865. After
 * 6) Constantinople >> History of the Jews in Constantinople (JE | ) Capital of the Ottoman empire, situated on the Bosporus; the "Byzantium" of the ancients. The earliest official document hitherto discovered
 * 7) Constantinov, Volhynia (JE | ) -- See S1043: Staro-Konstantinov
 * 8) Constanza S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) Rumanian town in the province of Dobrudja. During the Russo-Turkish campaign of 1828 some Jewish purveyors came with the Russian
 * 9) Constellations S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) Clusters of stars. The number of constellations named in the Biblical writings is small. In view of the extensive astronomical
 * 10) Constitution S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) -- See G396: Government
 * 11) Consumption (Tuberculosis) S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) An infectious disease, due to the entrance of the tubercle bacillus into the body. The question of the relative
 * 12) Contempt of court S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) Disrespectful demeanor before, or disobedience of, a public authority. Courts of justice must be treated with respect, and their orders
 * 13) Contract S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) In law a formal agreement recognized as constituting an obligation to do or not to do a particular thing. Both
 * 14) Contros (JE | ) -- See K357: ḲonṬres
 * 15) Controversial literature S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) -- See P402: Polemics and Polemical Literature
 * 16) Conversion to Christianity S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) Conversion is the Biblical term for the turning of the sinner from his evil ways to God (V04p249002.jpg). "Sinners shall
 * 17) Conversion to Islam S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) -- See A1654: Apostasy and Apostates from Judaism
 * 18) Conversion to Judaism S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) -- See P556: Proselyte and Proselytism
 * 19) Modern converts to Christianity (JE | ) : The number of post-Mendelssohnian Jews who abandoned their ancestral faith is very large. According to Heman in Herzog-Hauck, "Real-Encyc." (x.
 * 20) Convicts S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) -- See C887: Crime

761 – 780

 * 1) Cookery S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) The preparation of the meal was in ancient times a very simple process. The principal articles of diet were bread
 * 2) Cooking utensils S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) Among the ancient Hebrews cooking was naturally entrusted to the women of the household (compare I Sam. viii. 13), as
 * 3) Copenhagen >> History of the Jews in Copenhagen (JE | ) The capital of Denmark. Shortly after the opening of Denmark in 1657 to settlement by Jews, a number are known
 * 4) Coponius JE (JE | ) First procurator of Judea, about 6 C.E. He was, like the procurators that succeeded him, of knightly rank, and "had
 * 5) Copper S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) The first common metal to come into use, as it is easily obtained and readily worked. Burial-places in which utensils,
 * 6) Cor S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) -- See W81: Weights and Measures
 * 7) Cor Ashan (JE | ) -- See C473: Chor-Ashan
 * 8) Coral S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) A genus of polypus known to science as "coralligenous zoophytes"; also the hard structures secreted by these animals. The variety
 * 9) Corbeil (JE | ) City in the department of Seine-et-Oise, France. Jews were settled very early in Corbeil, occupying a special quarter, called the
 * 10) Corcos (JE | ) A family whose history can be traced back to the end of the thirteenth century, and members of which are
 * 11) Cordova >> History of the Jews in Cordova (JE | ) City in Andalusia, Spain. As early as the eighth century it included Jews among its inhabitants. They lived in
 * 12) Isaac Hezekiah ben Jacob Cordova (JE | ) Publisher in the latter part of the seventeenth and the first part of the eighteenth century; son of Jacob b.
 * 13) Joshua Hezekiah de Cordova (JE | ) Rabbi and preacher in Amsterdam about the middle of the eighteenth century; author of "Sermam Moral que Neste K. K.
 * 14) Aryeh Löb Cordovero (JE | ) Rabbi of Zamosz, Poland, at the end of the seventeenth century. He wrote a book called "Pene Aryeh Zuṭa" (The
 * 15) Gedalyah ben Moses Cordovero (JE | ) Talmudic scholar; lived at Safed in the sixteenth century. He was a son of the famous cabalist Moses Cordovero, a
 * 16) Moses Cordovero S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) -- See M850: Moses Cordovero
 * 17) Moses ben Jacob Cordovero S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) -- See R208: Moses b. Jacob Cordovero
 * 18) Coreo de Viena (JE | ) Judæo-Spanish journal printed in rabbinic characters, published at Vienna since 1870. It was for some years under the editorship of
 * 19) Corfu >> History of the Jews in Corfu (JE | ) Most northerly of the Ionian Islands. The native Jews of Corfu fall into three distinct divisions of different origin (Greek,
 * 20) Cori (Chore) S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) Village of Campania, Italy, about thirty miles from Rome. There is a small Jewish community there, the origin of which

781 – 800

 * 1) Coriander S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) An umbelliferous plant with white blossoms, which is peculiar to the Mediterranean district (Coriandrum sativum). It is widely cultivated in
 * 2) Coriat (JE | ) Jewish family of Morocco. In 1812 there appeared at Pisa a Hebrew work, under the title "Zekut Abot," in which
 * 3) David Chayyim Corinaldi (David Hayyim Corinaldi) (JE | ) Italian rabbi and author of the first half of the eighteenth century. He was a pupil of N. Pincherle, and
 * 4) Corinth >> History of the Jews in Corinth (JE | ) A city in ancient Argos, Greece, and the center of the cult of Aphrodite. Jews lived here, as in the
 * 5) Cormorant S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) The translation given in the Bible (Lev. xi. 17; Deut. xiv. 17) of the Hebrew word V04p274001.jpg. In these passages
 * 6) Corn S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) The seeds of cereal plants. (1) Barley ("se'orah"), which was and still is the most common grain of Palestine, is
 * 7) Cornerstone S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) -- See P199: Periodicals
 * 8) Cornerstone (JE | ) The laying of the corneror foundation-stone (V04p275001.jpg, or V04p275002.jpg) (Job xxxviii. 4-6; Ps. xviii. 15, xxiv. 2) of the earth
 * 9) Cornwall S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) Extreme southwest county of England; distinguished in early days by the tinmines which are said to have been visited by
 * 10) Coro S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) A town in Venezuela, five miles from its seaport, La Vela de Coro, on the Caribbean Sea. It had, in
 * 11) Coronation Chair S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) The so-called "Stone of Destiny," forming part of the coronation chair of the kings of England in Westminster Abbey, is
 * 12) Nachman Nathan Coronel (Nahman Nathan Coronel) (JE | ) Palestinian scholar of Sephardic-Ashkenazic parentage; born at Amsterdam 1810; died at Jerusalem Aug. 6, 1890. His teacher was R. Abraham
 * 13) Paul Nuñez Coronel (JE | ) Spanish Orientalist; born at Segovia; died Sept. 30, 1534. Though baptized before the expulsion of the Jews from Spain in
 * 14) Augustine Coronel-Chacon (JE | ) Portuguese Jew and agent at the court of Charles II. of England; born in Beira, Portugal; died after 1665. After
 * 15) Corporal Punishment S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) Physical chastisement inflicted as legal punishment. Corporal punishment is one of the oldest forms of chastisement known to the law.
 * 16) Corporation S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) A combination of several persons, for certain purposes and under a common name, into one artificial body, which the law
 * 17) Corpse S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) A body of a dead human being polluted not only those that touched it, but also the dwelling, its inmates,
 * 18) Isabella Correa (Isabella Rebecca Correa) (JE | ) Spanish poetess of the seventeenth century; born in Spain; lived successively in Brussels, Antwerp, and Amsterdam; wife of the cosmographer
 * 19) Corregal (JE | ) -- See C198: Carregal
 * 20) Cesare Correnti S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) Italian statesman and author; born in Milan Jan. 3, 1815; died at Lesa, Novara, Oct. 4, 1888. He was one

801 – 820

 * 1) Corriere Israelitico (JE | ) Italian monthly magazine devoted to Jewish history and literature; founded at Triest in 1863 by Abrama Vito Morpurgo, who edited
 * 2) Don Josée Cortissos (JE | ) Spanish army contractor; born 1656; died in London 1742. He was fifth in direct descent from Emanuel José Cortissos, Marquis
 * 3) Cos (JE | ) See Kos.
 * 4) Cosenza S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) City in southern Italy. Ferdinando Ughelli, in the ninth volume of his "Italia Sacra," reproduces two documents referring to the
 * 5) Lewi Cosin (JE | ) Rabbi at Salonica, and later a preacher at Venice; born in 1573; died in 1625. He was the author of
 * 6) Chayyim ben Naphtali Cöslin (Hayyim ben Naphtali Cöslin) (JE | ) Talmudical scholar and Hebrew grammarian of Berlin; died at Stettin, Prussia, March 21, 1832. He wrote the following works: (1)
 * 7) Cosmogony S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) Theory concerning the origin ("begetting") of the world; the mythological or ante-scientific view, as preserved in the traditions, oral
 * 8) Cossacks' uprising (JE | ) Since the fifteenth century, semi-military bands of Cossacks have been scattered over the steppes of southern and southeastern Russia, and
 * 9) Da Costa family pedigree (JE | ) The family of Da Costa is probably identical with that of the Mendez da Costa. It has even been suggested
 * 10) Andrea Mendes da Costa (JE | ) Chamberlain of Queen Catherine of Bragança, wife of Charles II. of England; flourished about 1665. His position at court was
 * 11) Anthony da Costa (Moses da Costa) JE (JE | ) An opulent Jewish London merchant of the eighteenth century. He attained the position—unusual for a Jew in those days—of a .....
 * 12) Benjamin Mendez da Costa (JE | ) Bibliography: J. Picciotto, Sketches of Anglo-Jewish History, pp. 89, 95, 155.J. G. L.
 * 13) Emanuel Mendez da Costa S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) Librarian and fellow of the Royal Society of London, scientific writer, and fellow of the Antiquarian Society of London; born
 * 14) Isaac da Costa JE S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) Dutch poet; born Jan. 14, 1798, at Amsterdam; died there April 28, 1860. His father, Daniel da Costa, a relative
 * 15) Israele di Emanuele Costa (JE | ) Italian rabbi; born 1819; died 1897. He succeeded Abraham Baruch Piperno as rabbi of Leghorn in 1864. Of his works
 * 16) Joseph da Costa (JE | ) Younger brother of Uriel Acosta or da Costa, to whom Manasseh Ben Israel dedicated his Spanish edition of the "Hope
 * 17) Michael Costa S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) Musical composer and conductor; born at Naples of a Sephardic family Feb. 4, 1810; died in Brighton April 29, 1884.
 * 18) Solomon da Costa (JE | ) Donor of Hebrew library to the British Museum; flourished about 1760. A broker by profession, he acquired a considerable fortune,
 * 19) Costa Rica >> History of the Jews in Costa Rica (JE | ) See San Juan.
 * 20) Abraham Coster (JE | ) Dutch anti-Jewish preacher; lived at Amsterdam in the seventeenth century. He wrote "Histoire der Joden," a history of the Jews

821 – 840

 * 1) Costs S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) The outlays made by suitors which are incident to the administration of justice. The question of costs is a twofold
 * 2) Costume S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) The general Hebrew designation for "costume" is "beged," applied indifferently to the garments of rich and poor, male and female.
 * 3) Rodrigo Cota (JE | ) Spanish poet; born at Toledo; died 1497. He came of a Marano family, three members of which—Francisco Cota, Lopez Cota,
 * 4) Cottbus S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) Important manufacturing city of Prussia. It includes about 500 Jews in a total population of 40,000 inhabitants. Jews lived here
 * 5) Cotton S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) This word does not occur in the A. V., but express mention is made of the material in Esth. i.
 * 6) Couch S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) Structure on which to rest or sleep. The Hebrew term V04p303001.jpg, meaning "divan" as well as "bed," is synonymous with
 * 7) Count Heinrich von Coudenhove (JE | ) Austrian author, traveler, and diplomat; born in Vienna Oct. 12, 1859. Count Heinrich studied law at the University of Vienna;
 * 8) Council of the Four Lands S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) The central body of Jewish autonomy in Poland for nearly two centuries�from the middle of the sixteenth to that of
 * 9) Council of Jewish Women (JE | ) An organization which came into being as a result of the Congress of Jewish Women, one of the denominational congresses
 * 10) Courage S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) That quality which enables one to encounter danger and difficulties with firmness, calmness, and intrepidity; Hebrew, V04p309001.jpg ("Be of good
 * 11) Courland S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) A government in the Baltic provinces of Russia, bounded on the west and north by the Baltic Sea; on the
 * 12) Court Jews JE S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) Court Jews, called also court factors, and court or chamber agents, played a part at the courts of the Austrian
 * 13) Courtship S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) -- See M213: Marriage
 * 14) Cousseri (Cousser) (JE | ) Jewish family of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries; lived in Riva di Trento and neighboring towns of northern Italy. The
 * 15) Coutinho (Cuitiño) (JE | ) Name of a Jewish-Portuguese family, members of which, during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, resided in Amsterdam, Hamburg, Brazil, and
 * 16) Fernando Coutinho (JE | ) Defender of the Jews, councilor of the supreme court, and afterward Bishop of Silves, in the reigns of Manuel and
 * 17) Covenant (JE | ) An agreement between two contracting parties, originally sealed with blood; a bond, or a law; a permanent religious dispensation. The
 * 18) Covetousness S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) The inordinate desire to possess that to which one is not entitled, or that which belongs to another. Its prohibition
 * 19) Covilhão (JE | ) City in the province of Beira, Portugal, which in the thirteenth century had a Jewish congregation and was the seat
 * 20) Covo (JE | ) Name of a Jewish family of Salonica, Turkey, a branch of which lives at Widdin, Bulgaria. As the name indicates,

841 – 860

 * 1) Phineas Cowan (JE | ) English merchant, volunteer officer, and alderman; born at Chatham 1832; died at Buxton Oct. 22, 1899. From the first he
 * 2) Frederic Hymen Cowen S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) English conductor and composer; born at Kingston, Jamaica, Jan 29, 1852; at the age of four he was taken to
 * 3) Israel Cowen (JE | ) American lawyer and jurist; son of Bennett and Bertha Cowen; born in Houston, Texas, Dec. 12, 1861; received his early
 * 4) Laurence Cowen (JE | ) Journalist and politician; born in 1865 at Hull. For some years he lived at Newcastle-on-Tyne, where his father, E. Cohen,
 * 5) Lionel Cowen (JE | ) Painter; born 1846; died Aug., 1895; brother of Frederic H. Cowen, the composer. Cowen, a painter of considerable ability, was
 * 6) Philip Cowen (JE | ) Jewish publisher and communal worker; born in New York city in 1853; educated in the public schools; was one of
 * 7) Cozbi S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) A Midianitish woman, daughter of Zur, the leader of a tribe. She was put to death along with the Israelite
 * 8) Cracow >> History of the Jews in Kraków (History of the Jews in Cracow) (JE | ) A city of Galicia, Austria, formerly the capital of the kingdom of Poland; founded about 700 C.E. There are no
 * 9) Yiddish Cradle Songs (JE | ) Songs written as lullabies; these exist in great variety and profusion among the Jews speaking Judæo-German or Yiddish, and among
 * 10) Crajova (JE | ) Chief town of the district of Dolschi; ancient capital of the Banat of Oltenie, Lower Wallachia. It may be assumed
 * 11) Crane (bird) S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) A rendering, in the A. V., of the Hebrew word V04p333001.jpg or V04p333002.jpg, which in the R. V. is more
 * 12) Craniometry S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) The methods of measuring skulls for the purpose of determining certain topographical relations, the most important measurement of the skull
 * 13) Creation S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) The bringing into existence of the world by the act of God. Most Jewish philosophers find in V04p336001.jpg (Gen. i.
 * 14) Book of Creation (Sefer Yetzirah) (JE | ) -- See Y40: YeẒirah, Sefer
 * 15) Era of Creation (JE | ) -- See E438: Era
 * 16) Creature S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) A loose rendering in the A. V. of:1. "Nefesh" ("a breathing thing"; Gen. i. 20 et seq., ii. 19, ix.
 * 17) Creed S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) -- See A1832: Articles of Faith
 * 18) Creeping things (JE | ) A loose expression used in the A. V. as the equivalent of V04p341003.jpg and V04p341004.jpg. V04p341005.jpg ("remes" = creeping—that is,
 * 19) Crefeld S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) -- See K404: Krefeld
 * 20) Alexandre ben Baruch Créhange (JE | ) French Hebraist; born at Etain, in the department of Meurthe-et-Moselle, 1791; died in Paris Jan. 7, 1872. He acted as

861 – 880

 * 1) Michael Creizenach JE (JE | ) German educator and theologian; born in Mayence May 16, 1789; died in Frankfort-on-the-Main Aug. 5, 1842. Creizenach is one of
 * 2) Theodor Creizenach JE (JE | ) German poet and historian of literature; son of Michael Creizenach; born April 17, 1818, in Mayence; died Dec. 6, 1877,
 * 3) Cremation S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) The act of burning the dead. Cremation was not the prevailing custom among the ancient Hebrews, as it was among
 * 4) Crémieu JE (JE | ) Town in the ancient province of Dauphiné, France. As early as the fifteenth century it had an important Jewish community.
 * 5) André Crémieu-Foa (JE | ) An officer in the French cavalry; born in Paris Jan. 20, 1857; died at Porto Novo, North Africa, Nov., 1892.
 * 6) Crémieux (colony) (JE | ) -- See A909: Agricultural Colonies in the United States
 * 7) Gaston Crémieux (JE | ) French socialist and writer; born at Nîmes June 22, 1836; died at Marseilles Dec. 1, 1871. He entered upon an
 * 8) Hananeel Crémieux (JE | ) French Hebraist and judge; born 1800; died 1878; son of Mordecai Crémieux. He was a Talmudic scholar, and was teacher
 * 9) Hector Jonathan Crémieux (JE | ) French dramatist; born at Paris Nov. 10, 1828; died there in 1892; of the same family as Isaac Adolphe Crémieux.
 * 10) Isaac Adolphe Crémieux S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) French statesman; born at Nîmes April 22, 1796; died in Paris Feb. 9, 1880. He was educated at the Lycée
 * 11) Mordecai ben Abraham Crémieux (JE | ) Rabbi at Aix, Provence; born at Carpentras in 1749; died May 22, 1825. He was the author of "Ma'amar Mordekai"
 * 12) Moses ben Solomon Crémieux (JE | ) Scholar; born at Carpentras, France, in 1766; died May 4, 1837. He was a nephew and son-in-law of Mordecai Crémieux.
 * 13) Cremona S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) Italian city in the plain of Lombardy; capital of the province of Cremona. The beginnings of the Jewish community in
 * 14) Abiathar ibn Crescas ha-Kohen (JE | ) Physician in ordinary to King Juan II. of Aragon (1458-79); skilful oculist and learned astrologer. In Sept., 1468, he freed
 * 15) Astruc don Crescas (JE | ) Provençal scholar; lived probably at Perpignan, in the fourteenth century. Samuel, son of Solomon Shalom of Perpignan (compare Azulai, "Shem
 * 16) Chasdai ben Abraham Crescas (Hasdai ben Abraham Crescas) >> Or Adonai JE (JE | ) Religious philosopher; born in Barcelona, Spain, 1340; died 1410. He was of an illustrious and learned family, in "Ḳore ha-Dorot"
 * 17) Mordecai en Crescas of Orange (JE | ) Prominent member of the community of Carcassonne, France; lived in the second half of the thirteenth century. As leader (syndic)
 * 18) Vidal Crescas de Caslar (JE | ) Physician and liturgical poet of Avignon; member of the Yiẓhari family of that place. In 1327 Crescas translated into Hebrew
 * 19) Vidal Crescas of Perpignan (JE | ) French Talmudist; flourished in the first half of the fourteenth century. He was probably a native of Spain, going to
 * 20) Julius Bernhard Crescenz (JE | ) Anti-Jewish writer in Germany at the beginning of the seventeenth century. He wrote "De Judæorum Privilegiis," Darmstadt, 1604-12; "Geistliches Bedenken,

881 – 900

 * 1) Alexander Crescenzi (JE | ) Jewish convert to Christianity; lived at Rome in the seventeenth century. In 1666 he translated from the Spanish into Italian
 * 2) Elias Crespin (JE | ) Rumanian rabbi, teacher, and journalist; born about 1850 at Eskee Sara, eastern Rumelia; he fled to Rumania after the Turco-Russian
 * 3) Samuel Crespin (JE | ) Turkish rabbinical author; lived at Smyrna in the first half of the nineteenth century; son of Joshua Abraham Crespin, grand
 * 4) Cresques lo Juheu (JE | ) Chartographer who flourished at Majorca and Barcelona at the end of the fourteenth century. Prince Juan of Aragon sent to
 * 5) Warder Cresson JE S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) Religious enthusiast, and convert to Judaism. Born in Philadelphia, Pa., July 13, 1798; died in Jerusalem, Palestine, Nov. 6, 1860.
 * 6) Crete >> History of the Jews in Crete (JE | ) Island in the Mediterranean, about 55 miles south of the Morea. Jews had settled there long before the Christian era
 * 7) Crime S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) An act forbidden by human law and punished by human authority, in contrast to sinful acts which are thought to
 * 8) Crimea >> History of the Jews in the Crimea (JE | ) Peninsula of southern Russia, on the northern shore of the Black Sea. It was formerly known as Krim-Tartary, and
 * 9) Criminal Procedure S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) The method indicated by law for the apprehension, trial, and for fixing the punishment of those persons who have broken
 * 10) Criminality S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) The average tendency to commit crime. The critics of the Jews have always contended that the general standard of morality
 * 11) Isaac bin Crispin (JE | ) Spanish moralist and poet; lived at the beginning of the twelfth century. Judah al-Ḥarizi praises him among the renowned poets
 * 12) Crispus (JE | ) The ruler of the synagogue at Corinth, who became a Christian, with all his house, through the preaching of Paul
 * 13) Croatia >> History of the Jews in Croatia S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) Southwestern part of the Hungarian crown provinces; consists of Croatia, Slavonia, and the Military Frontier, included since 1868. The earliest
 * 14) Crocodile S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) This well-known amphibious reptile (Crocodilus vulgaris or niloticus) is not mentioned by a specific Hebrew name in the Bible. There
 * 15) Oliver Cromwell S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) The Whitehall Conference.The first question which arose for consideration was whether there existed any law forbidding the readmission of the
 * 16) Benjamin ben Solomon Croneburg (JE | ) German publicist; lived at Neuwied, Prussia, in the eighteenth century. In 1758 he founded at Neuwied the Jewish periodical "Der
 * 17) Cronica Israelitica (JE | ) -- See P199: Periodicals
 * 18) Joseph Crool (JE | ) Teacher and controversialist; flourished in England about 1838. He gave lessons in Hebrew to a few students in the University
 * 19) Cross S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) The stake (??????? = V04p368001.jpg or V04p368002.jpg) used by the Romans at crucifixion. This was so familiar to the Jews
 * 20) Cross-examination S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) -- See E530: Evidence

901 – 920

 * 1) Crown S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) The translation employed for five distinct Hebrew words in the Bible. It renders, first, "zer," a technical term used frequently
 * 2) Crown of the Law (JE | ) A coronet, usually made of gilded silver, with bells, bearing the Hebrew inscription V04p372001.jpg. It is placed upon the upper
 * 3) Crowns of the Righteous (JE | ) The future bliss of the righteous is described by Rab in Ber. 17b: "There is neither eating and drinking nor
 * 4) Stefan Cruceanu (JE | ) Rumanian author; born at Jassy April 25, 1868. On receiving his bachelor's degree in 1889 he entered the University of
 * 5) Crucifixion S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) The act of putting to death by nailing or binding to a cross. Among the modes of Capital Punishment known
 * 6) Cruelty S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) The disposition to inflict pain and to gloat over suffering. Widely prevalent among, if not characteristic of, savages and barbarians,
 * 7) Cruelty to animals S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) The Bible contains no comprehensive principle regarding the rightsof animals. In the Biblical account of creation man is made sole
 * 8) Crusades S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) Expeditions from western Europe to recover Jerusalem and the holy sepulcher from the control of the infidel. The undisciplined mobs
 * 9) Crypto-Jews JE S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) Jews professing another religion but practising Jewish rites in secret in their own homes. There was some tendency toward this
 * 10) Crystal S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) -- See G259: Glass
 * 11) Karl Csemegi (JE | ) President of the Hungarian Supreme Court of Judicature; born in Csongrad May 3, 1826; died March 18, 1899. Csemegi received
 * 12) Rosa Csillag JE (JE | ) Hungarian opera-singer; born about 1840. She attracted much attention in the chorus of the Hungarian National Theater at Budapest. Trained
 * 13) Therese Csillag JE (JE | ) Hungarian actress; born at Duna-Adony May 17, 1862. For many years she was a popular comedienne at the National Theater
 * 14) Cuba >> History of the Jews in Cuba (JE | ) Island in the Atlantic Ocean, the largest of the West Indian groups. The relations of the Jews with the
 * 15) Cubit S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) -- See W81: Weights and Measures
 * 16) Cuckoo S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) The A. V. rendering of V04p382001.jpg (sha?af) in Lev. xi. 16 and Deut. xiv. 15. In both places it occurs
 * 17) Cucumber S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) The rendering of the Hebrew V04p382002.jpg (Num. xi. 5). There are at least two kinds of cucumbers in Palestine (Hasselquist,
 * 18) Cuenca S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) City in New Castile, Spain, which, after its conquest by Alfonso VII., possessed Jewish inhabitants. In the "fuero," or charter,
 * 19) Jacob Culi JE S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) Talmudist and Biblical commentator of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries; died at Constantinople Aug. 9, 1732. He belonged to an
 * 20) Culturverein der Juden (JE | ) -- See V55: Verein für Cultur und Wissenschaft der Juden

921 – 940

 * 1) Ventidius Cumanus S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) Roman procurator in Judea (48-52). According to Tacitus ("Annales," xii. 54), he divided the procuratorship with Felix; the latter being
 * 2) Mordecai ben Eliezer Cumatiano (JE | ) -- See C703: Comtino, Mordecai b. Eliezer
 * 3) Richard Cumberland S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) English dramatist; born in the Master's Lodge, Trinity College, Cambridge, Feb. 19, 1732; died at Tunbridge Wells May 7, 1811.
 * 4) Cumin S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) The seed of the Cuminum Cyminum, an umbelliferous plant, which, coming originally from Mediterranean countries, spread to many parts of
 * 5) Petrus Cunaeus (JE | ) Dutch Christian and rabbinical scholar; born at Flushing 1586; died at Leyden Dec. 2, 1638. From 1617 until his death
 * 6) Cuneiform Inscriptions (JE | ) -- See A2047: Assyriology and the Old Testament
 * 7) Cuneo S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) Capital of the Italian province of the same name. According to local traditions, a Jewish community, founded probably after the
 * 8) Cup S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) The word most commonly used in the Old Testament for drinking-vessel is V04p384001.jpg (Gen. xl. 11, 13). V04p384002.jpg first occurs
 * 9) Cup of Benediction (JE | ) The cup of wine taken immediately after grace has been recited at the conclusion of a meal. The custom is
 * 10) Cup of Salvation (JE | ) -- See P199: Periodicals
 * 11) Cupbearer (JE | ) The officer who served the cup to the king. Like the Cup, the cupbearer is first mentioned in the Old
 * 12) Curaçao S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) An island of the Dutch West Indies, captured from Spain in 1634. It is probable that Jews from Holland were
 * 13) Curiel (JE | ) A wealthy Marano family which settled in the Netherlands and at Hamburg about the sixteenth century. They intermarried largely with
 * 14) Jacob Curiel (JE | ) Resident of the Portuguese court at Hamburg about the middle of the seventeenth century; died there in 1665. He had
 * 15) Curse S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) The expressions used for "cursing" it in the Bible are: (1) V04p389002.jpg; (2) V04p389003.jpg; (3) V04p389004.jpg (verb and noun) and
 * 16) Curtain S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) An adjustable drapery, usually hung before a window or passageway to insure privacy. In Ex. xxvi. and xxxvi., containing the
 * 17) Nicolaus de Cusa (JE | ) Philosopher and theologian; born in Cusa, or Kues, on the Moselle, 1401; died in Todi, Umbria, 1464. He was Bishop
 * 18) Cush S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) A nation whose founder is mentioned in Gen. x. 6; I Chron. i. 8 as brother to Mizraim (Egypt) and
 * 19) Custom S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) An old and general usage, or a religious practise, not based on any particular Biblical passage, and which has, through
 * 20) Customs S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) -- See B1469: Bridegroom of the Law

941 – 960

 * 1) Cuthah JE (JE | ) One of five cities from which Sargon, King of Assyria, brought settlers to take the places of the exiled Israelites
 * 2) Cuttings S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) In Biblical usage, incisions or gashes in the flesh. The Law forbids the Israelites to make any cuttings in the
 * 3) Sema Cuzzeri (JE | ) Italian poet; resident at Padua. He witnessed the terrible attack on the ghetto of Padua on Aug. 20, 1684. He
 * 4) Cymbals S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) Musical instruments of percussion. The term is used in the A. V. in all passages except one (Zech. xiv. 20)
 * 5) Cypress S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) Generally, the tree known to botanists as Cupressus sempervirens, and common to southern Europe and western Asia. In modern Palestine
 * 6) Cypros (JE | ) Wife of King Agrippa I., daughter of Phasaelus and Salampsio, and granddaughter of Herod I. She had three daughters, Berenice,
 * 7) Cypros (JE | ) A woman of noble Arabian family; married about 75 B.C. the Jewish governor Antipater, to whom she bore five children,
 * 8) Cyprus >> History of the Jews in Cyprus S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) The large island in the easternmost basin of the Mediterranean, probably deriving its name from the Cyprus flower (??????), the
 * 9) Cyrene (JE | ) A large and important city in Cyrenaica, the district of Upper Libya on the north coast of Africa, west of
 * 10) Cyril (JE | ) Apostle of the Slavonians and author of the Slavonic alphabet (Cyrillitza), which is probably a modification of an older Slavonic
 * 11) Cyrus S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) The founder of the Persian empire. The name is also found in India as "Kurus," and is evidently Aryan. The
 * 12) Cyzicenus Antiochus (JE | ) -- See A1594: Antiochus
 * 13) Tadeusz Czacki JE (JE | ) Polish statesman and author; born in Poryck, government of Volhynia, Russia, Aug. 28, 1765; died in Dubno, Volhynia, Feb. 8,
 * 14) Stefan Czarniecki S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) Polish general; born 1599; died at the village of Sokolovka, Volhynia, Feb. 12, 1664. Czarniecki distinguished himself in the wars
 * 15) Czarnikau (JE | ) Town in the district of Bromberg, province of Posen, Germany. The Jewish community of this town probably dates back to
 * 16) Prince Adam Georg Czartoryski (JE | ) Polish statesman and patriot; born in Warsaw Jan. 14, 1770; died in Montfermeil Castle, near Paris, July 15, 1861. After
 * 17) Baruch Czatzkes (JE | ) One of the Neo-Hebraic poets of the beginning of the nineteenth century; lived at Lutzk, Volhynia. Delitzsch ("Zur Gesch. der
 * 18) Martin Czechowic JE (JE | ) Polish Unitarian priest; born at Zbaszynie about 1530; died 1613. Czechowic lived at a time when religious restlessness was prevalent
 * 19) Czenstochow (JE | ) -- See C422: Chenstochov
 * 20) Czernigov (JE | ) -- See C431: Chernigov

961 – 980

 * 1) Czernowitz S 2007-03-06 (JE | ) Capital of the province of Bukowina, Austria, situated near the banks of the Pruth, about 150 miles from Lemberg. Jews
 * 2) Czestionev (JE | ) Village in the government of Warsaw, Russian Poland. It is the seat of a Jewish agricultural college, which was completed
 * 3) Jan Czynski (Jean Czynski) (JE | ) Polish lawyer, author, and journalist; born June 20, 1801; died in London, England, Jan. 31, 1867. The son of Jewish

title: Wikipedia:Jewish Encyclopedia topics/C2


text:
Carlisle, Western Australia

Carlisle is a suburb of Perth, Western Australia. Its local government area is the Town of Victoria Park.

History
The suburb known as Carlisle today was originally settled as part of a land allocation to early Western Australian settlers after 1829. Swan Location 35 was granted to Henry Camfield and Canning Location 2 was granted to James Macdermott, and these land allocations made up the suburb as well as many of the surrounding suburbs.

Despite several changes of land ownership in the area little development was made until after the 1890s. The neighbouring suburb of Victoria Park experienced rapid growth around this time that was mostly focused around Albany Road (later to become Albany Highway). This growth eventually spread east as part of the Bickford development. Bickford was a name chosen by real estate company Peet and Co (now Peet Limited) for the sale of residential land in the area. On 23 May 1919, a meeting of ratepayers in the area elected to change the name of the suburb to Carlisle.

Bickford State School (renamed Carlisle Primary School in 1922) was opened in 1919, and this was followed by a Methodist church in 1927 and then a Catholic church in 1937. Other infrastructure soon followed.

Geography
Carlisle is bordered by Orrong Road to the north, Briggs/Planet/Kew streets to the east, Rutland Avenue and the Armadale railway line to the south, and Roberts Road to the west.

The suburb is located within the "Bassendean Dunes" soil type of the Swan Coastal Plain and is mainly flat with occasional gentle undulations between its low areas in the west and its high areas in the east. The lowest point in Carlisle is 13.3 m above mean sea level (AMSL) and located at -31.97542°N, 115.90966°W on Bishopsgate Street at Koolbardi Park, while the highest point is 27.1 m AMSL and located at -31.98759°N, 115.92212°W near the intersection of Raleigh Street and Briggs Street. Here, a minor ridgeline heads in a north/south direction connecting two other high points in Carlisle at 23.6 m AMSL at -31.98458°N, 115.92226°W near the intersection of Planet Street and Cohn Street and 22.8 m AMSL at -31.98095°N, 115.9199°W near the intersection of Mars Street and Mercury Street. The last remaining high point at 21.6 m AMSL is located in the west-end of the suburb at -31.97338°N, 115.91609°W near the intersection of Weston Street and Archer Street. The high points in Carlisle offer glimpses of the nearby Perth CBD and Burswood skylines.

Streets in Carlisle are constructed in the traditional grid formation representative of the early planning style of Perth. The typical width of a road reservation in Carlisle is 20 m. The reservation consists of a footpath on at least one side (some streets have paths on both sides), 4 m landscaped verges and a 7 m carriageway that can support on-street parking and the passing of vehicles.

Most of the streets in Carlisle are lined with established trees. Common tree species for the suburb include:

 * Lophostemon confertus (Queensland Box) - Archer St, Bishopsgate St, Mars St
 * Jacaranda mimosifolia - Raleigh St, Planet St, Roberts Rd, Oats St
 * Agonis flexuosa (Weeping Peppermint) - Star St
 * Platanus acerifolia (London Plane) - Archer St
 * Callistemon vimnalis (Weeping Bottlebrush) - Bishopsgate St, Gemini Wy,
 * Melaleuca saligna (Willow bottlebrush) - Planet St, Mars St
 * Melaleuca linarifolia (Snow in Summer) - Mars St
 * Celtis australis (European Nettle Tree) - Weston St
 * Ficus microcarpa (Chinese Banyan) - Oats St
 * Bauhinia purpurea (Purple Orchard Tree) - Lion St

Facilities
There are five parks: Fletcher Park, Carlisle Reserve, Parnham Park, Koolbardi Park and Millers Crossing. The Carlisle Hotel and TAB are opposite Carlisle train station. Other facilities include Holy Name Primary School, Lathlain Nursing Home, Windsor Park Nursing Home, Harold Hawthorne Seniors Centre, Town of Victoria Park Council Depot, and the City of Belmont Operations Centre.

Transport
Carlisle is home to both Oats Street railway station and Carlisle railway station and is served by the Armadale and Thornlie lines. Both stations are due to be upgraded as part of Metronet. The upgrades will modernise the stations by elevating the rail via a concrete viaduct. Oats Street Station is considered to be a Bus Interchange where many bus routes serve the station. Two of the routes, 999 and 998, are the Circular route which operates between many other stations across the Transperth network. There are also other routes that serve Oats Street railway station including routes 282 and 282 from Elizabeth Quay bus station to Kalamunda bus station and also route 37 that runs to the new Airport Central railway station and finally route 285 to Belmont Forum Shopping centre. Carlisle railway station has only one bus route nearby the 284 that serves both Curtin Central bus station and Curtin University bus station.

Bus

 * 37 Curtin University Bus Station to Airport Central Station – serves Oats Street
 * 38 Perth Busport to Cloverdale – serves Archer Street and Carlisle Station
 * 39 Elizabeth Quay Bus Station to Redcliffe Station – serves Star Street and Oats Street
 * 51 Perth Busport to Cannington Station – serves Orrong Road
 * 282 and 283 Elizabeth Quay Bus Station to Kalamunda Bus Station – serve Rutland Avenue
 * 284 Curtin University Bus Station to Belmont Forum – serves Archer Street, Carlisle Station and Star Street
 * 285 East Victoria Park to Kewdale – serves Oats Street and Orrong Road
 * 998 Fremantle Station to Fremantle Station (limited stops) – CircleRoute Clockwise, serves Orrong Road and Oats Street
 * 999 Fremantle Station to Fremantle Station (limited stops) – CircleRoute Anti-Clockwise, serves Oats Street and Orrong Road

Rail

 * Armadale/Thornlie Line
 * Carlisle Station
 * Oats Street Station

Senior and tertiary education
Carlisle contains one technical and further education college, South Metropolitan TAFE – Carlisle Campus.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Carlisle, Western Australia


text:
Mahakali Caves

The Kondivite Caves, also Mahakali Caves, are a group of 19 rock-cut monuments built between 1st century BCE and 6th century CE.

This Buddhist monastery is located in the eastern suburb of Andheri in the city of Mumbai (Bombay) in western India. The monument consists of two groups of rock-cut caves – four caves more to the north-west and 15 caves more to the south-east. Most caves are viharas and cells for monks, but Cave 9 of the south-eastern group is chaitya. Caves in the northwest have been created mainly in the 4th – 5th century, while the south-eastern group is older. The monument contains also rock-cut cisterns and remnants of other structures.

Caves are carved out of a solid black basalt rock, (volcanic trap breccias, prone to weathering).

The largest cave at Kondivite (Cave 9) has seven depictions of the Buddha and figures from Buddhist mythology but all are mutilated.

It is located near the junction between the Jogeshwari-Vikhroli Link Road and SEEPZ. The road that connects these monuments to Andheri Kurla Road is named Mahakali Caves Road after it. The caves are located on a hill that overlooks the Jogeshwari-Vikhroli Link Road and the SEEPZ++ area. A Direct bus run by the BEST links the caves with Andheri station. The caves were in danger of being encroached upon, but now it is steel fenced on the roadside and walled on the hillside.

title: Mahakali Caves


text:
Paul-Henri Mathieu

Paul-Henri Mathieu (born 12 January 1982) is a French former professional tennis player. He won four singles titles on the ATP Tour. His best singles performance in an ATP World Tour Masters 1000 tournament was reaching the semifinals of the 2005 Canadian Open. He achieved a career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 12 in April 2008.

Formative years
Paul-Henri Mathieu was born in Strasbourg, France. He first began playing tennis when he was three and a half years old with his older brother Pierre-Yves. From 1997 to 2000, Paul-Henri trained at the IMG Bollettieri Tennis Academy in Bradenton, Florida before moving back to Paris.

Juniors
As a junior, Mathieu posted a singles record of 42–15 and a doubles record of 34–12, reaching as high as world no. 6 in singles and world no. 19 in doubles in January 2000. Mathieu won the boys' singles title at the 2000 French Open, defeating Tommy Robredo 3–6, 7–6(7–3), 6–2 in the final.

2000–2004
Mathieu made his ATP World Tour singles main draw debut in July 2000 in the Austrian town of Kitzbühel.

2002 was Mathieu's breakthrough year. He made the fourth round of the French Open, losing to Andre Agassi in five sets, despite having a two-set lead. Later on in the year, he confirmed his potential by winning back-to-back tournaments in Moscow and Lyon. He holds the distinction of being the last player to beat Pete Sampras before his retirement, which he did at the 2002 TD Waterhouse Cup. On 14 October, he became world no. 36, and his progress won him the ATP Newcomer of the Year award for 2002. He also nearly won the Davis Cup in 2002 with the French Davis Cup team, but lost the deciding rubber of the final to Mikhail Youzhny of Russia, once more after relinquishing a two-set advantage.

2005
In 2005, he achieved his best result in an ATP Masters Series event, knocking out Andy Roddick on his way to the semifinals at Montreal. He had a record of 2–2 in the four Davis Cup matches he played that year. He won both his matches against the Swedish opponents Thomas Johansson and Joachim Johansson, but lost to Russia's Nikolay Davydenko and Igor Andreev in the quarterfinal tie.

2006
2006 saw him equal his best result at a Grand Slam tournament by reaching the fourth round of the Australian Open. In May a career-high ranking of no. 32 was attained. In the third round of the French Open, he lost to eventual champion Rafael Nadal in a grueling encounter which lasted 4 hours and 53 minutes, but only saw 42 games played (Nadal won the match 5–7, 6–4, 6–4, 6–4, with the first set lasting 93 minutes and each of the following sets longer than an hour. The score was only 1–1 in the second set after just over 2 hours of play). Many tennis players and commentators, including two-time French Open runner-up Àlex Corretja, hailed it as a classic.

2007
2007 started poorly for Mathieu when he injured himself at the Australian Open during a 1st round encounter against Spaniard Fernando Verdasco and was forced to retire from the match. This was unfortunate as Mathieu was up 2 sets and 3–0 in the 3rd set tiebreak at the time. After returning from his injury, he reached the 4th round in Miami, beating then world number 5 Fernando González of Chile along the way, before bowing out to Andy Murray in 3 sets.

On 29 April 2007, Mathieu won his 3rd career title, the Grand Prix Hassan II in Casablanca defeating Álbert Montañés 6–1, 6–1. At Wimbledon, he reached round 4 for the first time, defeating Radek Štěpánek, No. 17 seed (15th-ranked) David Ferrer, and 15th seed (12th-ranked) Ivan Ljubičić. He attained a career high ranking of 28 in singles after this result, entering the world's top 30 for the first time. The week after Wimbledon, he beat Italian Andreas Seppi 6–7, 6–3, 7–5 in a difficult final to claim his fourth ATP Tour title in Gstaad, Switzerland. He rose to No. 23 in the rankings, making his top 25 breakthrough.

At the Montreal Masters, he produced one of the comebacks of the season to beat 15th seed Guillermo Cañas. Trailing 4–6, 0–4, he managed to up his level of play to win 13 of the next 14 games and record a win by the score of 4–6, 7–5, 6–0. He followed that up with a win over Mario Ančić in round 2. In round 3, he ran into Rafael Nadal, and actually won the first set 6–3 before losing the next two 6–3, 6–2.

He then made the semi-finals of New Haven losing to world number 6 James Blake in a 3rd set tiebreak. This result projected him in the world's top 20 for the 1st time, at the 20th rank.

2012
At the 2012 French Open, Mathieu won his first round match from two sets down before defeating John Isner in five sets, 18–16 in the decider in what proved to be the second longest match in French Open history and fourth longest in Grand Slam history. He lost in the third round to the Spaniard Marcel Granollers. Mathieu defeated Igor Andreev of Russia in the Swiss Open [6–3, 7–6(4)].

2015
At the 2015 Generali Open Kitzbühel, Mathieu reached the final as a qualifier, after wins over Kenny de Schepper, Martin Kližan, Federico Delbonis and Nicolás Almagro. He lost in the final to Philipp Kohlschreiber 2–6, 6–2, 6–2.

2017
Mathieu played the last singles and doubles match of his career in an ATP World Tour Masters 1000 tournament – the 2017 Rolex Paris Masters. Rank world no. 265 in the ATP singles rankings coming into the tournament, he lost in the second and final singles qualifying round to Vasek Pospisil; he and his partner Benoît Paire lost in the doubles main draw first round to the American pair of Nicholas Monroe and Jack Sock.

Personal life
Paul-Henri Mathieu's father (Patrick) and mother (Yveline) are a dentist and a housewife respectively. Paul-Henri has a sister named Aude and a brother named Pierre-Yves. A relatively popular, well-liked player despite his inconsistent career results, Mathieu is nicknamed "Paulo" and often affectionately known by his initials, PHM. His favourite surfaces are clay and hard, and he admired Boris Becker while growing up. His brother Pierre-Yves is now a tennis coach in Strasbourg. On 11 March 2012, Paul-Henri Mathieu became a father for the first time when his girlfriend, Quiterie Camus, gave birth to the couple's first child, a son named Gabriel. On 10 September 2016, Mathieu and Camus married in Bourron-Marlotte's town hall. It was the mother of Camus, being the deputy mayor of Bourron-Marlotte, who performed the wedding ceremony. Mathieu and Quiterie Camus had been living together as a couple for nearly 13 years before their marriage. Quiterie Camus was diagnosed with Hodgkin's lymphoma in January 2013 and she recovered from it before their marriage. Their second child, a daughter named Inès, was born on 6 March 2017.

title: Paul-Henri Mathieu


text:
User talk:Gregory Snow

Welcome to Wikipedia!
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If you feel a change is needed, feel free to make it yourself! Wikipedia is a wiki, so anyone (yourself included) can edit any article by following the  link. Wikipedia convention is to be bold and not be afraid of making mistakes. If you're not sure how editing works, have a look at How to edit a page, or try out the Sandbox to test your editing skills.

If, for some reason, you are unable to fix a problem yourself, feel free to ask someone else to do it. Wikipedia has a vibrant community of contributors who have a wide range of skills and specialties, and many of them would be glad to help. As well as the wiki community pages there are IRC Channels, where you are more than welcome to ask for assistance.

If you have any questions, feel free to ask me on my talk page. Thanks and happy editing, Alf 14:11, 30 August 2005 (UTC).

title: User talk:Gregory Snow


text:
Hideo Levy

Ian Hideo Levy (リービ 英雄) is an American-born Japanese language author. Levy was born in California and educated in Taiwan, the US, and Japan. He is one of the first Americans to write modern literature in Japanese, and his work has won the Noma Literary New Face Prize and the Yomiuri Prize, among other literary prizes.

Biography
Levy was born in Berkeley, California, on 29 November 1950 to a Polish-American mother and a Jewish father. His father named him after a friend who was imprisoned in an internment camp during World War II. Levy's father was a diplomat, and the family moved around between Taiwan, Hong Kong, Japan and the United States. He graduated from Princeton University with a bachelor's degree in East Asian studies, and later received his doctorate from the same school for studying the poet Kakinomoto no Hitomaro.

While at Princeton, Levy studied the Man'yōshū. His English translation of the text was one of the finalists of the 1982 U.S. National Book Award in the Translation category. He has referred to the Man'yōshū scholar Susumu Nakanishi as his mentor. After working as an assistant professor at Princeton, he moved to Stanford University and taught there. He later left and moved to Tokyo.

Levy gained attention in Japan as the first foreigner to win the Noma Literary Award for New Writers, which he received in 1992 for his work A Room Where the Star-Spangled Banner Cannot Be Heard. In 1996, his story Tiananmen was nominated for the Akutagawa Prize. For his contributions to the introduction of Japanese literature to foreign readers, he was honored with a Japan Foundation Special Prize in 2007. In 2017, he won the Yomiuri Prize.

Recognition

 * 1st Japan–U.S. Friendship Commission Prize for the Translation of Japanese Literature for his English translation of Man'yōshū, 1979.
 * 14th Noma Literary New Face Prize, 1992
 * Japan Foundation Award, 2007
 * 68th Yomiuri Prize, 2017

Novels

 * A Room Where the Star-Spangled Banner Cannot Be Heard (『星条旗の聞こえない部屋』)
 * Ten'anmon (『天安門』)
 * Kokumin no Uta (『国民のうた』)
 * Henrii Takeshi Rewuittsukii no Natsu no Kikō (『ヘンリーたけし レウィツキーの夏の紀行』)
 * Chiji ni Kudakete (『千々にくだけて』)
 * Kari no Mizu (『仮の水』)
 * Mo Fan Xiang (『模範郷』)
 * Tenro (『天路』)

Literary criticism and essays

 * Nihongo no Shōri (『日本語の勝利』)
 * Shinjuku no Man'yōshū (『新宿の万葉集』)
 * Aidentitiizu (『アイデンティティーズ』)
 * Saigo no Kokkyō e no Tabi (『最後の国境への旅』)
 * Nihongo o Kaku Heya (『日本語を書く部屋』)
 * Wareteki Chūgoku (『我的中国』)
 * Eigo de Yomu Man'yōshū (『英語でよむ万葉集』)
 * Ekkyō no Koe (『越境の声』)
 * En'an Kakumei Seichi e no Tabi (『延安 革命聖地への旅』)
 * Wareteki Nihongo: The World in Japanese (『我的日本語 The World in Japanese』)

Man'yōshū scholarship

 * Hitomaro and the Birth of Japanese Lyricism (Princeton University Press 1984)
 * The Ten Thousand Leaves: A Translation of the Man Yoshu, Japan's Premier Anthology of Classical Poetry (Princeton Library of Asian Translations) (Princeton University Press 1987)
 * 万葉恋歌 Love Songs from the Man'yoshu (Kodansha International 2000)
 * Man'yo Luster 万葉集 (Pie Books 2002)

Translations

 * Otohiko Kaga's Riding the East Wind: A Novel of War and Peace (錨のない船)

title: Hideo Levy


text:
Early Morning Wake Up Call

Early Morning Wake Up Call is the fourth studio album by the Australian new wave group Flash and the Pan, released in 1984 by Epic Records. It was produced by Harry Vanda and George Young, the core members of the group.

Early Morning Wake Up Call peaked at No. 3 on the Swedish Topplistan chart, and No. 18 on the Swiss Hitparade. The album spawned two hit singles – the title track (No. 26 in Germany) and "Midnight Man", which charted in several countries, but again was the most successful in Germany, reaching #7.

Critical reception
Cashbox magazine wrote "This latest collection from the Australian duo of Vanda & Young is a typical collage of novelty-effects synth pop which oozes melodic hooks and eclecticism. While many of the tunes recall classic rock cliches, Flash and the Pan always come up with a way of making them sound original. Distinctly orchestral pieces such as 'Barking At the Moon' and the energised 'Early Morning Wake-Up Call' are the highlights here on an album which will certainly arouse enthusiasm in new music circles."

Track listing
Side one
 * 1) "Early Morning Wake Up Call" – 4:06
 * 2) "Communication Breakdown" – 3:27
 * 3) "Barking at the Moon" – 3:59
 * 4) "Downtown Too Long" – 4:20
 * 5) "Opera Singers" – 4:51

Side two
 * 1) "Midnight Man" – 4:56
 * 2) "On the Road" – 5:06
 * 3) "Look at That Woman Go" – 4:54
 * 4) "Fat Night" – 3:57
 * 5) "Believe in Yourself" – 4:19

2012 reissue bonus track
 * 1) "Early Morning Wake Up Call" (instrumental version) – 4:36

title: Early Morning Wake Up Call


text:
User talk:The Kochs

Welcome to Wikipedia!
Hello, welcome to Wikipedia!

Here are some tips:
 * Take a look at the Simplified Ruleset.
 * Read the Tutorial, How to edit a page and the Manual of Style.
 * Find out how to revert, move and merge pages.
 * Sign your posts on talk pages using four tildes (~~~~).
 * Add yourself to the New user log and a regional notice board
 * Ask questions at the Village pump or Help desk.
 * Use the Show preview button
 * Provide an Edit summary
 * Add the correct image copyright tag to any images you upload
 * Take a look at Consensus of standards
 * Create a User page
 * Be bold
 * Ignore all rules

If you feel a change is needed, feel free to make it yourself! Wikipedia is a wiki, so anyone (yourself included) can edit any article by following the  link. Wikipedia convention is to be bold and not be afraid of making mistakes. If you're not sure how editing works, have a look at How to edit a page, or try out the Sandbox to test your editing skills.

If, for some reason, you are unable to fix a problem yourself, feel free to ask someone else to do it. Wikipedia has a vibrant community of contributors who have a wide range of skills and specialties, and many of them would be glad to help. As well as the wiki community pages there are IRC Channels, where you are more than welcome to ask for assistance.

If you have any questions, feel free to ask me on my talk page. Thanks and happy editing, Alf 14:12, 30 August 2005 (UTC).

title: User talk:The Kochs


text:
User talk:Daniel Luechtefeld

Welcome
Hello , and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, you can sign your name on Talk and vote pages using three tildes, like this: ~~~. Four tildes (~~~~) produces your name and the current date. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my talk page. Again, welcome! --Lord Voldemort (Dark Mark) 14:13, 30 August 2005 (UTC)
 * The Five Pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
 * Editing tutorial
 * Picture tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Naming conventions
 * Manual of Style

Image copyright problem with Image:Eosinophil2.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Eosinophil2.jpg. However, the image may soon be deleted unless we can determine the copyright holder and copyright status. The Wikimedia Foundation is very careful about the images included in Wikipedia because of copyright law (see Wikipedia's Copyright policy).

The copyright holder is usually the creator, the creator's employer, or the last person who was transferred ownership rights. Copyright information on images on Wikipedia is signified using copyright templates. The three basic license types on Wikipedia are open content, public domain, and fair use. Find the appropriate template in Image copyright tags and place it on the image page like this:.

Please signify the copyright information on any other images you have uploaded or will upload. Remember that images without this important information can be deleted by an administrator. You can get help on image copyright tagging from Wikipedia talk:Image copyright tags.

Coug It
Hey, I added the Coug It page again, and I think I did a good job of having NPOV, I linked it to Wiktionary for "Coug It" KSEA 09:07, 10 July 2006 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 13:07, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Daniel Luechtefeld


text:
User talk:Olav Bringedal

Welcome to Wikipedia!
Hello, welcome to Wikipedia!

Here are some tips:
 * Take a look at the Simplified Ruleset.
 * Read the Tutorial, How to edit a page and the Manual of Style.
 * Find out how to revert, move and merge pages.
 * Sign your posts on talk pages using four tildes (~~~~).
 * Add yourself to the New user log and a regional notice board
 * Ask questions at the Village pump or Help desk.
 * Use the Show preview button
 * Provide an Edit summary
 * Add the correct image copyright tag to any images you upload
 * Take a look at Consensus of standards
 * Create a User page
 * Be bold
 * Ignore all rules

If you feel a change is needed, feel free to make it yourself! Wikipedia is a wiki, so anyone (yourself included) can edit any article by following the  link. Wikipedia convention is to be bold and not be afraid of making mistakes. If you're not sure how editing works, have a look at How to edit a page, or try out the Sandbox to test your editing skills.

If, for some reason, you are unable to fix a problem yourself, feel free to ask someone else to do it. Wikipedia has a vibrant community of contributors who have a wide range of skills and specialties, and many of them would be glad to help. As well as the wiki community pages there are IRC Channels, where you are more than welcome to ask for assistance.

If you have any questions, feel free to ask me on my talk page. Thanks and happy editing, Alf 14:13, 30 August 2005 (UTC).

Speedy deletion warning
A tag has been placed on The Five Pillars, requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done because the article seems to be about a person, group of people, band, club, company or website, but it does not indicate how or why the subject is notable. If you can indicate why The Five Pillars is really notable, I advise you to edit the article promptly, and also put a note on Talk:The Five Pillars. An admin should check for such edits before deleting the article. Feel free to leave a note on my talk page if you have any questions about this. Please read our criteria for speedy deletion, particularly item 7 under Articles. You might also want to read our general biography criteria. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag yourself. To contest the tagging and request that admins should wait a while for you to assert his/her/their notability, please affix the template  to the page, and then immediately add such an assertion. It is also a very good idea to add citations from reliable sources to ensure that your article will be verifiable. MER-C 08:54, 4 October 2006 (UTC)

A tag has been placed on The Five Pillars (MMORPG), requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done for the following reason:

CSD A7; this is a browser-based game (web content); articles does not make any assertion of importance.

Under the criteria for speedy deletion, articles that do not meet basic Wikipedia criteria may be deleted at any time. Please see the guidelines for what is generally accepted as an appropriate article, and if you can indicate why the subject of this article is appropriate, you may contest the tagging. To do this, add  on the top of the page and leave a note on the article's talk page explaining your position. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag yourself, but don't hesitate to add information to the article that would confirm its subject's notability under the guidelines.

For guidelines on specific types of articles, you may want to check out our criteria for biographies, for web sites, for bands, or for companies. Feel free to leave a note on my talk page if you have any questions about this. Marasmusine (talk) 14:12, 12 February 2008 (UTC)

 * The game was deleted as a result of a previous discussion because of a lack of independent reliable sources. To repost the article, you'll have to go to deletion review.-Wafulz (talk) 14:14, 12 February 2008 (UTC)

Olav, in reply to the message you left for me: Due to the large number of web sites, Wikipedia should only have articles on those that meet a minimum threshold of notability. Ineeded, those that don't even assert any importance or significance can be deleted without discussion (as was the case with The Five Pillars (MMORPG)). What "similar pages" were you comparing it with? Marasmusine (talk) 15:04, 12 February 2008 (UTC)

Thank you for a readable reply. To see what I mean, just see the links in [List_of_multiplayer_browser_games]. To you information this game is one of the pioneers on web based gaming aling with Archmage (also gets speedy deletion), Utopia (is listed). There is also a wikipedia project/namespace that is about mmorpgs listed in my previous post.

Image:Number of the beast.png listed for deletion
An image or media file that you uploaded or altered, Image:Number of the beast.png, has been listed at Images and media for deletion. Please see the to see why this is (you may have to search for the title of the image to find its entry), if you are interested in it not being deleted. Skier Dude ( talk ) 04:43, 26 November 2008 (UTC)

title: User talk:Olav Bringedal


text:
Category:World Heritage Sites in Egypt

World Heritage Sites in Egypt.

title: Category:World Heritage Sites in Egypt