text:
George Engleheart

George Engleheart (1750–1829) was an English painter of portrait miniatures, and a contemporary of Richard Cosway, John Smart, William Wood, and Richard Crosse.

Family and home
Engleheart is generally thought to have been born in Kew, Surrey, on 26 October 1750. His father was Francis Englehart (died 1773), a German plaster modeller who emigrated to England as a child; his mother was Anne Dawney. He had seven brothers. The family name was changed to Engleheart after his father died.

He married his first wife, Elizabeth Brown, in 1776; and the couple set up house in Prince's Street, Hanover Square, London. Elizabeth died in April 1779, aged only 26. Engleheart moved to 4 Hertford Street in Mayfair, London. He married his second wife, Ursula Sarah Browne in 1785; and the couple had four children: George, Nathaniel, Harry and Emma.

In 1813, Engleheart retired full-time to his country house in Bedfont, near Hounslow in Middlesex. He had built the house on land he purchased in 1783, and the interiors are said to have been decorated in the fashionable neo-classical style of Robert Adam. His second wife, Ursula, died in 1817, and Engleheart soon after gave up the house and went to live with his son Nathaniel in Blackheath, then a village to the southeast of London.

Engleheart died in Blackheath on 21 March 1829, and was buried at St. Anne's Church, Kew.

His nephew, John Cox Dillman Engleheart, was also an accomplished portrait miniaturist, painting during the Regency era.

Professional career
Engleheart entered the newly formed Royal Academy Schools on 3 November 1769. He was a pupil of George Barret, R.A., and of Sir Joshua Reynolds. Engleheart started on his own account in 1773, and worked mainly in London for the whole of his career. He regularly exhibited at the Royal Academy from 1773 to 1822. He kept a detailed fee book from 1775 to 1813, which included detailed sketches of his miniatures. The book remains in the possession of his family to this day. Engleheart was a prolific artist: during the period of 39 years covered by the fee book, no less than 4,853 miniatures are recorded as having been executed by him.

His fees ranged from 3 guineas in 1775, up to 25 guineas by 1811. His professional income for many years exceeded £1,200 per annum.

Engleheart mainly painted watercolour on ivory, and his work can be categorised into three distinct periods.

His initial paintings were small in size. It was common for artists of the period circa 1775 to paint on small ivories of approximately 1½ to 2 inches in height. Miniaturists at this time were still learning to exploit the full potential of ivory, and were struggling to find ways of adhering the watercolour to its greasy surface. Hence, they found it difficult to paint large areas of ivory, and tended to keep the miniatures small. It was still fashionable for ladies to wear portrait miniatures on bracelets around their wrists, and small miniatures helped facilitate this. Engleheart's portraits of this era are sometimes signed 'G.E.' The flesh tones are coloured by reddish tints over a pale ground, with the facial features accentuated using a bluish-grey tone.

During the period circa 1780–1795, Engleheart developed his very distinctive style, with his draughtsmanship and use of colour becoming consistent and high quality. He still sometimes paints small sized miniatures, but he more frequently paints on ivories of around 2½ inches in height. His works are easily recognisable: he often portrays his sitters with deep eyes under strong eyebrows, together with a slightly lengthened nose, and the flesh colour of the face is painted using a brownish yellow tone. The corners of the mouth are drawn with diagonal grey strokes. Engleheart imbues his sitters with a sense of gentleness, elegance and serenity; even his military officers look more at home in the drawing room than the battlefield. He often used opaque white to pick out the details of the pale coloured dresses worn by his female subjects, and their hair is often worn high and/or powdered, as was the fashion of the time. The men wear their hair powdered 'en queue', i.e. powdered wigs worn over long hair pulled back into a ponytail which was tied with a black ribbon. Engleheart did not always sign his work during this period, but towards the end of this phase he began signing with a cursive 'E' placed in the bottom corner of the obverse, and he continued with this style of signature for quite a number of years. In addition, he also started to sign and date his portraits in full on their reverse.

The third and final period of Engleheart's career is circa 1795–1813. His painting style does not really change from that developed in the preceding years, but his ivories are now large, measuring around 3 to 3½ inches in height. The clothes of his sitters are much simpler, following the simple style which came into fashion in France from 1789 onwards, as a result of the Revolution. Powdered hair was further helped out of fashion in Britain in 1795, when the British government imposed a tax of 1 guinea per annum on those individuals wishing to wear hair powder or powdered wigs; the tax being introduced to part finance the war with France (it was during the French Revolutionary Wars). The fashions of this era are referred to as the Regency style. Men tended to dress like country squires: often wearing a plain navy blue or brown coat, with a white high-collared shirt and white cravat; their hair was brushed forward (imitating the style worn by the ancient Romans) and sometimes markedly pushed up vertically off the forehead. Women dressed in the Grecian style, wearing empire line dresses in white muslin or coloured silk or satin; their hair is worn up, with longer curls falling either side of the face as the period progressed. During this time, Engleheart tutored two of his relatives, John Cox Dillman Engleheart and Thomas Richmond, in how to paint miniatures. As this final phase of his career progressed, Engleheart reverted to signing his work with a 'G.E.', in either cursive form or block capitals.

Engleheart painted George III twenty-five times, and had a very extensive circle of patrons, comprising nearly all the important persons connected with the court. He made careful copies in miniature of many of the famous paintings executed by Sir Joshua Reynolds, and in some cases these constitute the only information we possess respecting portraits by Sir Joshua that are now missing. His fee-book, colours, appliances and a large collection of his miniatures still remain in the possession of his descendants.

Circle of friends
His friends included such notables as George Romney the artist; William Blake the poet, artist and visionary; Jeremiah Meyer, a fellow portrait miniaturist; and William Hayley the poet.

title: George Engleheart


text: User talk:194.83.70.103

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User talk:194.83.70.103


text:
Astrocasia

Astrocasia is a plant genus of the family Phyllanthaceae first described as a genus in 1905. It is included in the subtribe Astrocasiinae. It is native to Mesoamerica, northern South America, and the western part of the West Indies. Plants are mostly dioecious, except for Astrocasia diegoae which is monoecious, and some individuals of A. neurocarpa and A. tremula.

 * Species
 * 1) Astrocasia austinii  (Standl.) G.L.Webster - Izabal
 * 2) Astrocasia diegoae J.Jiménez Ram. & Mart.Gord. - Guerrero
 * 3) Astrocasia jacobinensis (Müll.Arg.) G.L.Webster - Bahia, Bolivia
 * 4) Astrocasia neurocarpa (Müll.Arg.) I.M.Johnst. ex Standl. - Oaxaca, Querétaro, San Luis Potosí, Tamaulipas
 * 5) Astrocasia peltata Standl. - Costa Rica, Nayarit, Jalisco
 * 6) Astrocasia tremula  (Griseb.) G.L.Webster - Mexico (Jalisco, Veracruz, Yucatán Peninsula), Central America (Belize, Guatemala, Costa Rica, Panama), West Indies (Cayman Is, Jamaica, Cuba), northern South America (Colombia, Venezuela, possibly Brazil)

title: Astrocasia


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/JosephSamuel

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete. Woohookitty 06:42, 8 September 2005 (UTC)

JosephSamuel
Suspected autobiography (author is named Jose sam), article seemingly an ad/nn. JoseSamuel returns some 40 google hits. I also searched "Joseph Samuel", and that returns heaps of hits, albeit irrelevant as there are many people by that name. Punkmorten 08:49, 30 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. nn. --DrTorstenHenning 09:21, 30 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Thinly veiled advercruft. --Lomedae 10:01, August 30, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete non notable vanity. Sdedeo 20:26, 30 August 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Talk:Kyle Boller

Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
This article was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment, between 19 August 2020 and 7 December 2020. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): LazyKnight22.

Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT (talk) 01:56, 17 January 2022 (UTC)

Generally awful and not neutral
The overall tone of this article seems like it was written by a Boller jock sniffer who got C's in high school English. The apologetic account of his time with the Rams is a good example.

Unnecessary lines
"Incidentily, Boller also had his best game of Tecmo Super Bowl the same week." Is this really necessary?

"Despite his success, he continues to get his hair cut from The Hair Cuttery because, as he says, 'A good haircut is a good haircut.'" This is more like trivia, rather than something that should be listed as "notable".

I'd like these two lines to be removed, if someone else agrees with me, please go ahead and remove one or both of them. Andrew zot 10:59, 15 September 2005 (UTC)

High school career
Also, I'd like to hear something about Boller's high school career at Hart High. Andrew zot

Tedford and Rodgers comment
Boller is another Tedford-bust, continuing legacies of Trent Dilfer, Akili Smith, David Carr, Joey Harrington, and soon-to-be-bust Aaron Rodgers Is the comment on Aaron Rodgers necessary? The comment seems to be rather derisive towards Jeff Tedford. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Oskiwow (talk • contribs) 20:49, 28 March 2008 (UTC)

Gone
I agree totally. Brun8 04:20, 16 September 2005 (UTC)

Criticism
I think the articles needs to note how Boller has been drawing criticism over the past few years for not building up to the hype that he was given coming in as a starting rookie.

 * I am a Baltimore Ravens fan and yes Kyle Boller, poor kid, has drawn SO much critisism and it is ridiculous. Kyle is as tough as they come and if the Ravens had any freaking sense, they would have built a line for this kid and won two or three championships...DEFENSE doesn't win football games, but it sure helps when the other team doesn't score, YES, but if your QB doesn't have time to look for atleast two receivers, then there isn't a chance in HELL your gonna win a football game.  Kyle does have some work to do on his footwork, when he isn't getting stepped on, he has some speed just when the line crumbles, what are you gonna do?  He tends to get into the middle instead of breaking out and around outside the pocket to either run or pass.  —Preceding unsigned comment added by 69.250.247.130 (talk) 19:53, 3 September 2008 (UTC)

Date?
Are we sure about the date on the 2005 Packers game? According to my calender that was a...Tuesday? Maybe it's too late and I'm not thinking clearly, but I don't think it's right. I changed it, then thought better and changed it back. Could someone look into it?

Geography Lesson
I quote this line directly from the "High School Career" portion of the article: "he was considered the best prospect to emerge from the Santa Clarita Valley since John Elway came out of Granada Hills HS"... Granada Hills HS is in the San Fernando Valley, not the Santa Clarita Valley. The two, while close to each other, are not one in the same. If it was reworded to reflect that he was the most touted quarterback prospect to come out of the "North LA" region, or "The Valley" region since John Elway, that would be more accurate, but John Elway was not from the Santa Clartia Valley, he was from the San Fernando Valley. 69.224.122.51 17:53, 7 September 2007 (UTC)

I tried to clean the page up some
This page read, and to an extent may still read like it was written by Mr. Boller's biggest fan. The entire professional career section was laced with tone, so I tried to slim it down to a more neutral viewpoint while still pointing out his highlights.

No 2007 season?
Boller's now the starter and just came off a good game ungainst the undefeated Patriots who managed to squeak by, this needs some filling out. -- Broken Sphere Msg me 04:53, 4 December 2007 (UTC)

Bollers' Weight
Is Kyle Boller's weight 218 lbs http://www.nfl.com/ or 220 lbs from Oakland Raider's website http://www.raiders.com/team/roster.html ??? Adamdaley (talk) 07:40, 9 June 2010 (UTC)

Needs POV cleanup
There are unreferenced POV statements in this article that are hopelessly unencyclopedic. I.e. "He played well, considering what he had to work with.". --DropDeadGorgias (talk) 19:53, 29 June 2010 (UTC)

College career
Missing discussion of Boller's college career at Cal. 199.108.76.28 (talk) 13:36, 21 September 2010 (UTC)

Jim Rome Radio Show's "Kyle" Streak
There is no mention of Kyle Boller's willingness and then unwillingness to appear on the Jim Rome Radio Show. Jim Rome has been interviewing people with the first name "Kyle" and Boller was willing and booked and then canceled. Boller plays for the Oakland Raiders. JT the Brick and Jim Rome have an adversarial relationship. JT the Brick works for the Oakland Raiders. It sounds unlikely, but it is the most likely reason Boller canceled his scheduled appearance. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Mikelnick (talk • contribs) 16:16, 21 September 2011 (UTC)

title: Talk:Kyle Boller


text:
Talk:Universal Esperanto Association

UEA presidents' countries of origin
Regarding the table showing the countries of origin of UEA presidents, how come there's no listing of Croatia/Yugoslavia/Austria-Hungary? Ivo Lapenna was president of UEA for ten years (1964-1974, I think) and he was born in Split in 1909. He may have been based in London during the time he presided over UEA, but for my money the Austro-Hungarian Empire was his "country of origin". --Haruo 08:50, 30 August 2005 (UTC)

correct name
The official name of the association in English is Universal Esperanto Association, direct translation of the name in Esperanto; its board has confirmed this, and asked me to change the "redirect pages". –

Requested move 23 March 2016

 * The following is a closed discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

The result of the move request was: Move. No opposition after 8 days. Cúchullain t/ c 15:43, 31 March 2016 (UTC)

World Esperanto Association → Universal Esperanto Association – Regardless of any views we may have about what may or may not be a more natural translation, what matters is what they actually call themselves in English. From their website, it is "Universal Esperanto Association". Also noting that Lalulilo above said substantially the same thing. Money money tickle parsnip (talk) 20:55, 23 March 2016 (UTC) --Money money tickle parsnip (talk) 20:55, 23 March 2016 (UTC)

''Just a note to record the fact that, in view of the lack of response so far, I have added a note at Talk:Esperanto to make people aware of this discussion. --Money money tickle parsnip (talk) 23:17, 27 March 2016 (UTC)''

 * This is without question the right thing to do. Please proceed. 😊 — LLarson   (said & done) 23:20, 27 March 2016 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page or in a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

title: Talk:Universal Esperanto Association


text:
Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1

Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN-1) is one of a group of disorders, the multiple endocrine neoplasias, that affect the endocrine system through development of neoplastic lesions in pituitary, parathyroid gland and pancreas. Individuals suffering from this disorder are prone to developing multiple endocrine and nonendocrine tumors. It was first described by Paul Wermer in 1954.

Parathyroid
Hyperparathyroidism is present in ≥ 90% of patients. Asymptomatic hypercalcemia is the most common manifestation: about 25% of patients have evidence of nephrolithiasis or nephrocalcinosis. In contrast to sporadic cases of hyperparathyroidism, diffuse hyperplasia or multiple adenomas are more common than solitary adenomas.

Pancreas
Pancreatic islet cell tumors are today the major cause of death in persons with MEN-1. Tumors occur in 60-80% of persons with MEN-1 and they are usually multicentric. Multiple adenomas or diffuse islet cell hyperplasia commonly occurs. About 30% of tumors are malignant and have local or distant metastases. About 10-15% of islet cell tumors originate from a β-cell, secrete insulin (insulinoma), and can cause fasting hypoglycemia. β-cell tumors are more common in patients < 40 years of age.

Most islet cell tumors secrete pancreatic polypeptide, the clinical significance of which is unknown. Gastrin is secreted by many non–β-cell tumors (increased gastrin secretion in MEN 1 also often originates from the duodenum). Increased gastrin secretion increases gastric acid, which may inactivate pancreatic lipase, leading to diarrhea and steatorrhea. Increased gastrin secretion also leads to peptic ulcers in > 50% of MEN 1 patients. Usually the ulcers are multiple or atypical in location, and often bleed, perforate, or become obstructed. Peptic ulcer disease may be intractable and complicated. Among patients presenting with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, 20 to 60% have MEN 1.

A severe secretory diarrhea can develop and cause fluid and electrolyte depletion with non–β-cell tumors. This complex, referred to as the watery diarrhea, hypokalemia and achlorhydria syndrome (VIPoma) has been ascribed to vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, although other intestinal hormones or secretagogues (including prostaglandins) may contribute. Hypersecretion of glucagon, somatostatin, chromogranin, or calcitonin, ectopic secretion of ACTH resulting in Cushing's syndrome, and hypersecretion of somatotropin–releasing hormone (causing acromegaly) sometimes occur in non–β-cell tumors. All of these are rare in MEN 1.Nonfunctioning pancreatic tumors also occur in patients with MEN 1 and may be the most common type of pancreatoduodenal tumor in MEN 1. The size of the nonfunctioning tumor correlates with risk of metastasis and death.

Pituitary
Pituitary tumors occur in 15 to 42% of MEN 1 patients. From 25 to 90% are prolactinomas. About 25% of pituitary tumors secrete growth hormone or growth hormone and prolactin. Excess prolactin may cause galactorrhea, and excess growth hormone causes acromegaly clinically indistinguishable from sporadically occurring acromegaly. About 3% of tumors secrete ACTH, producing Cushing's disease. Most of the remainder are nonfunctional. Local tumor expansion may cause visual disturbance, headache, and hypopituitarism. Pituitary tumors in MEN 1 patients appear to be larger and behave more aggressively than sporadic pituitary tumors.

Other manifestations
Adenomas of adrenal glands occurs occasionally in MEN 1 patients. Hormone secretion is rarely altered as a result, and the significance of these abnormalities is uncertain. Carcinoid tumors, particularly those derived from the embryologic foregut (lungs, thymus), occur in isolated cases. Multiple subcutaneous and visceral lipomas, angiofibromas, and collagenomas may also occur.

Genetic
People with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 are born with one mutated copy of the MEN1 gene in each cell. Then, during their lifetime, the other copy of the gene is mutated in a small number of cells. These genetic changes result in no functional copies of the MEN1 gene in selected cells, allowing the cells to divide with little control and form tumors. This is known as Knudson's two-hit hypothesis and is a common feature seen with inherited defects in tumor suppressor genes. Oncogenes can become neoplastic with only one activating mutation, but tumor suppressors inherited from both mother and father must be damaged before they lose their effectiveness. The exception to the "two-hit hypothesis" occurs when suppressor genes exhibit dose-response, such as ATR. The exact function of MEN1 and the protein, menin, produced by this gene is not known, but following the inheritance rules of the "two-hit hypothesis" indicates that it acts as a tumor suppressor.

Diagnosis
In a diagnostic workup individuals with a combination of endocrine neoplasias suggestive of the MEN1 syndrome are recommended to have a mutational analysis of the MEN1 gene if additional diagnostic criteria are sufficiently met, mainly including:
 * age <40 years
 * positive family history including a first degree relative proving to have the MEN1 gene.
 * multifocal or recurrent neoplasia
 * two or more organ systems affected

Types
Multiple endocrine neoplasia or MEN is part of a group of disorders that affect the body's network of hormone-producing glands (the endocrine system). Hormones are chemical messengers that travel through the bloodstream and regulate the function of cells and tissues throughout the body. Multiple endocrine neoplasia involves tumors in at least two endocrine glands; tumors can also develop in other organs and tissues. These growths can be noncancerous (benign) or cancerous (malignant). If the tumors become cancerous, some cases can be life-threatening.

The two major forms of multiple endocrine neoplasia are called type 1 and type 2. These two types are often confused because of their similar names. However, type 1 and type 2 are distinguished by the genes involved, the types of hormones made, and the characteristic signs and symptoms.

These disorders greatly increase the risk of developing multiple cancerous and noncancerous tumors in glands such as the parathyroid, pituitary, and pancreas. Multiple endocrine neoplasia occurs when tumors are found in at least two of the three main endocrine glands (parathyroid, pituitary, and pancreatico-duodenum). Tumors can also develop in organs and tissues other than endocrine glands. If the tumors become cancerous, some cases can be life-threatening. The disorder affects 1 in 30,000 people.

Although many different types of hormone-producing tumors are associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia, tumors of the parathyroid gland, pituitary gland, and pancreas are most frequent in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. MEN1-associated overactivity of these three endocrine organs are briefly described here:
 * Overactivity of the parathyroid gland (hyperparathyroidism) is the most common sign of this disorder. Hyperparathyroidism disrupts the normal balance of calcium in the blood, which can lead to kidney stones, thinning of the bones (osteoporosis), high blood pressure (hypertension), loss of appetite, nausea, weakness, fatigue, and depression.
 * Neoplasia in the pituitary gland can manifest as prolactinomas whereby too much prolactin is secreted, suppressing the release of gonadotropins, causing a decrease in sex hormones such as testosterone. Pituitary tumor in MEN1 can be large and cause signs by compressing adjacent tissues.
 * Pancreatic tumors associated with MEN-1 usually form in the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans, causing over-secretion of insulin, resulting in low blood glucose levels (hypoglycemia). However, many other tumors of the pancreatic Islets of Langerhans can occur in MEN-1. One of these, involving the alpha cells, causes over-secretion of glucagon, resulting in a classic triad of high blood glucose levels (hyperglycemia), a rash called necrolytic migratory erythema, and weight loss. Gastrinoma causes the over-secretion of the hormone gastrin, resulting in the over-production of acid by the acid-producing cells of the stomach (parietal cells) and a constellation of sequelae known as Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. Zollinger-Ellison syndrome may include severe gastric ulcers, abdominal pain, loss of appetite, chronic diarrhea, malnutrition, and subsequent weight loss. Other non-beta islet cell tumors associated with MEN1 are discussed below.

Treatment
The treatment of choice of parathyroid tumors is open bilateral exploration with subtotal (3/4) or total parathyroidectomy. Autoimplantation may be considered in case of a total parathyroidectomy. Optimal timing for this operation has not yet been established but it should be performed by an experienced endocrine surgeon. The treatment discovered by Joseph Shepherd in 1997-2001 does not provide a cure, rather extends life expectancy. The treatment requires frequent monitoring to the 1 in 30,000 that suffer from MEN-1.

Endocrine pancreatic tumor are treated with surgery and cytotoxic drugs in case of malignant disease.

Pituitary tumors are treated with surgery (acromegaly and Mb. Cushing) or medicine (prolactinomas).

title: Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1


text:
User:TheSwami

Basics
For some general information on me, see the Babelbox to the right.

As of 29 August 2006, I am a member of WikiProject Theatre, a community of thespians and theatre-lovers dedicating to improving the quality of theatre-related articles on Wikipedia.

Mathematics
Riemann Hypothesis Quaternions  The Golden Ratio  Big O Notation  Modular Arithmetic  The Banach-Tarski Paradox
 *  Prime Numbers:
 * Fermat's Little Theorem Goldbach's Conjecture  Mersenne Primes  Fermat Primes,  The New Mersenne Conjecture  The Lucas-Lehmer Test

Theatre
Theatre Theatre terms Techie Lighting Light board operator Light board Fog machine Lighting designer Stagecraft

title: User:TheSwami


text:
SPARQL

SPARQL (pronounced "sparkle", a recursive acronym for SPARQL Protocol and RDF Query Language) is an RDF query language—that is, a semantic query language for databases—able to retrieve and manipulate data stored in Resource Description Framework (RDF) format. It was made a standard by the RDF Data Access Working Group (DAWG) of the World Wide Web Consortium, and is recognized as one of the key technologies of the semantic web. On 15 January 2008, SPARQL 1.0 was acknowledged by W3C as an official recommendation, and SPARQL 1.1 in March, 2013.

SPARQL allows for a query to consist of triple patterns, conjunctions, disjunctions, and optional patterns.

Implementations for multiple programming languages exist. There exist tools that allow one to connect and semi-automatically construct a SPARQL query for a SPARQL endpoint, for example ViziQuer. In addition, tools exist to translate SPARQL queries to other query languages, for example to SQL and to XQuery.

Advantages
SPARQL allows users to write queries against what can loosely be called "key-value" data or, more specifically, data that follow the RDF specification of the W3C. Thus, the entire database is a set of "subject-predicate-object" triples. This is analogous to some NoSQL databases' usage of the term "document-key-value", such as MongoDB.

In SQL relational database terms, RDF data can also be considered a table with three columns – the subject column, the predicate column, and the object column. The subject in RDF is analogous to an entity in a SQL database, where the data elements (or fields) for a given business object are placed in multiple columns, sometimes spread across more than one table, and identified by a unique key. In RDF, those fields are instead represented as separate predicate/object rows sharing the same subject, often the same unique key, with the predicate being analogous to the column name and the object the actual data. Unlike relational databases, the object column is heterogeneous: the per-cell data type is usually implied (or specified in the ontology) by the predicate value. Also unlike SQL, RDF can have multiple entries per predicate; for instance, one could have multiple "child" entries for a single "person", and can return collections of such objects, like "children".

Thus, SPARQL provides a full set of analytic query operations such as,  ,   for data whose schema is intrinsically part of the data rather than requiring a separate schema definition. However, schema information (the ontology) is often provided externally, to allow joining of different datasets unambiguously. In addition, SPARQL provides specific graph traversal syntax for data that can be thought of as a graph.

The example below demonstrates a simple query that leverages the ontology definition  ("friend of a friend").

Specifically, the following query returns names and emails of every person in the dataset:

This query joins together all of the triples with a matching subject, where the type predicate, " ", is a person, and the person has one or more names and mailboxes.

For the sake of readability, the author of this query chose to reference the subject using the variable name " ". Since the first element of the triple is always the subject, the author could have just as easily used any variable name, such as " " or " ". Whatever name is chosen, it must be the same on each line of the query to signify that the query engine is to join triples with the same subject.

The result of the join is a set of rows –,  ,. This query returns the  and   because   is often a complex URI rather than a human-friendly string. Note that any  may have multiple mailboxes, so in the returned set, a   row may appear multiple times, once for each mailbox.

This query can be distributed to multiple SPARQL endpoints (services that accept SPARQL queries and return results), computed, and results gathered, a procedure known as federated query.

Whether in a federated manner or locally, additional triple definitions in the query could allow joins to different subject types, such as automobiles, to allow simple queries, for example, to return a list of names and emails for people who drive automobiles with a high fuel efficiency.

Query forms
In the case of queries that read data from the database, the SPARQL language specifies four different query variations for different purposes. Each of these query forms takes a  block to restrict the query, although, in the case of the   query, the   is optional.
 * query: Used to extract raw values from a SPARQL endpoint, the results are returned in a table format.
 * query: Used to extract information from the SPARQL endpoint and transform the results into valid RDF.
 * query: Used to provide a simple True/False result for a query on a SPARQL endpoint.
 * query: Used to extract an RDF graph from the SPARQL endpoint, the content of which is left to the endpoint to decide, based on what the maintainer deems as useful information.

SPARQL 1.1 specifies a language for updating the database with several new query forms.

Example
Another SPARQL query example that models the question "What are all the country capitals in Africa?":

Variables are indicated by a  or   prefix. Bindings for  and the   will be returned. When a triple ends with a semicolon, the subject from this triple will implicitly complete the following pair to an entire triple. So for example  is short for.

The SPARQL query processor will search for sets of triples that match these four triple patterns, binding the variables in the query to the corresponding parts of each triple. Important to note here is the "property orientation" (class matches can be conducted solely through class-attributes or properties – see Duck typing).

To make queries concise, SPARQL allows the definition of prefixes and base URIs in a fashion similar to Turtle. In this query, the prefix " " stands for “ ”.

Extensions
GeoSPARQL defines filter functions for geographic information system (GIS) queries using well-understood OGC standards (GML, WKT, etc.).

SPARUL is another extension to SPARQL. It enables the RDF store to be updated with this declarative query language, by adding  and   methods.

XSPARQL is an integrated query language combining XQuery with SPARQL to query both XML and RDF data sources at once.

Implementations
Open source, reference SPARQL implementations

 * RDF4J, formerly Sesame from Eclipse Foundation
 * Jena (framework) from Apache Software Foundation
 * OpenLink Virtuoso

See List of SPARQL implementations for more comprehensive coverage, including triplestore, APIs, and other storages that have implemented the SPARQL standard.

title: SPARQL


text:
User talk:Damir A

Re: Pacta Conventa
Oh, I'm so sorry for not responding earlier.

It makes sense to have a Pacta Conventa disambiguation article, but only if it's possible to write two decent articles about them :) The Croatian one is basically unknown so it'll be hard to compose a non-stub article about it.

--Joy [shallot]   10:57, 24 September 2005 (UTC)

YUBA Liga
The Yugoslav Wars was considered a political civil war, ethnic realities behind it were there but to call it an "ethnic strife" is partially innaccurate. It was the politics behind the ethnicity, not the ethnicity behind the politics. I won't change it however. --Hurricane Angel 09:12, 3 January 2006 (UTC)

Drazen Petrovic
see Talk:Dražen Petrović --Bender235 14:56, 6 April 2006 (UTC)

re: Drazen Petrovic
Didn't even notice there was two pages, sorry about that. I reverted to your version. // Lowg .talk. 06:27, 6 September 2006 (UTC)
 * Interesting now how Wolff as a source is uncredible when he doesn't support the POV you are trying to portray? I thought the statement should have been removed from the beginning, glad to see you now agree when I present an alternate POV.  // Lowg  .talk. 14:10, 7 September 2006 (UTC)

Re: Weasel Words
"A tireless shooter and most prolific scorer, Petrović is arguably the most celebrated basketball player to ever emerge from the Old Continent. He is considered the crucial part of the vanguard to the present-day mass influx of European players into the NBA."

Weasel words are words or phrases that seemingly support statements without attributing opinions to verifiable sources. Weasel words give the force of authority to a statement without letting the reader decide if the source of the opinion is reliable. If a statement can't stand on its own without weasel words, it lacks neutral point of view; either a source for the statement should be found, or the statement should be removed. // Laughing Man 23:43, 2 October 2006 (UTC)

Bosniakophobia
It is interesting how Serbs promoted invented word "Serbophobia" on the internet. First they introduced the word to wikipedia, and then thousands of other scrapper sites copied content from wikipedia, and now Google yields thousands of matches for this invented word. Of course, while Bosniaks wanted to do the same, and create an article Bosniakophobia, Serbs quickly jumped and voted "NO!". And of course, attempts to create Bosniakophobia article failed thanks to Serbian activism on wikipedia! They don't use wikipedia for educational, but for their nationalistic/politic purposes. It is sickening to see Serbian propaganda and lies poisoning Wikipedia. Bosniak 07:04, 13 December 2006 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 13:07, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 13:33, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Damir A


text:
Breynia

Breynia is a genus in the flowering plant family Phyllanthaceae, first described in 1776. It is native to Southeast Asia, China, Réunion, the Indian Subcontinent, Papuasia and Australia.

The name Breynia is a conserved name, it is recognized despite the existence of an earlier use of the same name to refer to a different plant. Breynia L. 1753 is in the Capparaceae, but it is a rejected name. We here discuss Breynia J.R.Forst. & G.Forst. 1776.

In a 2006 revision of the Phyllanthaceae, it was recommended that Breynia be subsumed in Phyllanthus; however, new combinations in Phyllanthus for former Breynia species remain to be published.

Breynia are of special note in the fields of pollination biology and coevolution because they have a specialized mutualism with moths in the genus Epicephala (leafflower moths), in which the moths actively pollinate the flowers—thereby ensuring that the tree may produce viable seeds—but also lay eggs in the flowers' ovaries or in the space between the tepals and the carpel walls, from where their larvae consume a subset of the developing seeds as nourishment. Other species of Epicephala are pollinators, and in some cases, non-pollinating seed predators, of certain species of plants in the genera Phyllanthus and Glochidion,   both closely related to Breynia. This relationship is similar to those between figs and fig wasps and yuccas and yucca moths.

Species
93 species are accepted.
 * Breynia amabilis (Airy Shaw) Welzen & Pruesapan
 * Breynia amoebiflora (Airy Shaw) Welzen & Pruesapan
 * Breynia androgyna (L.) Chakrab. & N.P.Balakr.
 * Breynia assimilis (Thwaites) Chakrab. & N.P.Balakr.
 * Breynia asteranthos (Airy Shaw) Welzen & Pruesapan
 * Breynia asymmetrica (Welzen) Welzen & Pruesapan
 * Breynia baudouinii Beille – Vietnam
 * Breynia beillei Welzen & Pruesapan
 * Breynia bicolor (Craib) Chakrab. & N.P.Balakr.
 * Breynia bishnupadae (M.Gangop. & Chakrab.) Chakrab. & N.P.Balakr.
 * Breynia bonii (Beille) Welzen & Pruesapan
 * Breynia brevipes (Müll.Arg.) Chakrab. & N.P.Balakr.
 * Breynia calcarea (M.R.Hend.) Welzen & Pruesapan – W Malaysia
 * Breynia carnosa Welzen & Pruesapan – Vietnam
 * Breynia cernua (Poir.) Müll.Arg. – Northern Territory of Australia, New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Sulawesi, Philippines, Borneo, Java
 * Breynia collaris Airy Shaw – Papua New Guinea
 * Breynia coriacea Beille – Vietnam
 * Breynia coronata Hook.f. – Thailand, W Malaysia, Borneo, Sumatra
 * Breynia delavayi (Croizat) Welzen & Pruesapan
 * Breynia discigera Müll.Arg. – Thailand, W Malaysia, Sumatra
 * Breynia discocalyx (Welzen) Welzen & Pruesapan
 * Breynia disticha J.R.Forst. & G.Forst. – Vanuatu, New Caledonia; naturalized in West Indies, Florida, Gambia, and scattered oceanic islands
 * Breynia diversifolia Beille – Vietnam
 * Breynia fleuryi Beille – Vietnam
 * Breynia fruticosa (L.) Müll.Arg. – Vietnam, Thailand, S China
 * Breynia garrettii (Craib) Chakrab. & N.P.Balakr.
 * Breynia glauca Craib – Thailand, Myanmar, Laos, Borneo
 * Breynia gour-maitii (Chakrab. & M.Gangop.) Chakrab. & N.P.Balakr.
 * Breynia grandiflora Beille – Vietnam
 * Breynia granulosa (Airy Shaw) Welzen & Pruesapan
 * Breynia gynophora Welzen & Pruesapan
 * Breynia harmandii (Beille) Welzen & Pruesapan
 * Breynia heteroblasta (Airy Shaw) Welzen & Pruesapan
 * Breynia heyneana J.J.Sm. – Lesser Sunda Islands in Indonesia
 * Breynia hiemalis Huan C.Wang & Feng Yang
 * Breynia hirsuta (Beille) Welzen & Pruesapan
 * Breynia indosinensis Beille – Vietnam, Laos
 * Breynia kerrii (Airy Shaw) Welzen & Pruesapan
 * Breynia kitanovii (Thin) Welzen & Pruesapan
 * Breynia lanceolata (Hook.f.) Welzen & Pruesapan
 * Breynia lithophila Welzen & Pruesapan – Thailand
 * Breynia macrantha (Hassk.) Chakrab. & N.P.Balakr.
 * Breynia maichauensis (Thin) Welzen & Pruesapan
 * Breynia massiei Beille – Laos
 * Breynia micrasterias (Airy Shaw) Welzen & Pruesapan
 * Breynia microphylla (Kurz ex Teijsm. & Binn.) Müll.Arg. – Sumatera, Java, Sulawesi
 * Breynia mollis J.J.Sm. – New Guinea
 * Breynia oblongifolia (Müll.Arg.) Müll.Arg. – Papua New Guinea, Queensland, New South Wales, Northern Territory
 * Breynia obscura Welzen & Pruesapan – W Malaysia
 * Breynia officinalis Hemsl.
 * Breynia orbicularis (Craib) Welzen & Pruesapan
 * Breynia pierrei (Beille) Welzen & Pruesapan
 * Breynia platycalyx Airy Shaw – W New Guinea
 * Breynia po-khantii (Chakrab. & M.Gangop.) Chakrab. & N.P.Balakr.
 * Breynia podocarpa Airy Shaw – Papua New Guinea, Northern Territory
 * Breynia poilanei (Beille) Welzen & Pruesapan
 * Breynia poomae (Welzen & Chayam.) Welzen & Pruesapan
 * Breynia pseudorostrata Huan C.Wang & Feng Yang
 * Breynia pubescens Merr. – Maluku
 * Breynia pulchella (Airy Shaw) Welzen & Pruesapan
 * Breynia quadrangularis (Willd.) Chakrab. & N.P.Balakr.
 * Breynia racemosa (Blume) Müll.Arg. – Andaman & Nicobar Islands, Thailand, Myanmar, W Malaysia, Sumatra, Java, Lesser Sunda Islands, Philippines, New Guinea, Bismarck Archipelago
 * Breynia repanda (Müll.Arg.) Chakrab. & N.P.Balakr.
 * Breynia repens Welzen & Pruesapan – Thailand
 * Breynia reticulata (S.L.Mo ex P.T.Li) Welzen & Pruesapan
 * Breynia retroversa (Wight) Chakrab. & N.P.Balakr.
 * Breynia retusa (Dennst.) Alston – Réunion, India, Tibet, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bhutan, E Himalayas, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam, W Malaysia
 * Breynia rhynchocarpa Benth. – Northern Territory of Australia
 * Breynia rigida (Thwaites) Chakrab. & N.P.Balakr.
 * Breynia rostrata Merr. – Vietnam, S China
 * Breynia saksenana (Manilal, Prasann. & Sivar.) Chakrab. & N.P.Balakr.
 * Breynia septata Beille – Vietnam
 * Breynia shawii (Welzen) Welzen & Pruesapan
 * Breynia similis (Craib) Welzen & Pruesapan
 * Breynia spatulifolia (Beille) Welzen & Pruesapan
 * Breynia stipitata Müll.Arg. – Northern Territory, Queensland
 * Breynia subangustifolia Thin – Vietnam
 * Breynia suberosa (Airy Shaw) Welzen & Pruesapan
 * Breynia subindochinensis Thin – Vietnam
 * Breynia subterblanca (C.E.C.Fisch.) C.E.C.Fisch.
 * Breynia temii (Welzen & Chayam.) Welzen & Pruesapan
 * Breynia thoii (Thin) Welzen & Pruesapan
 * Breynia thorelii (Beille) Welzen & Pruesapan
 * Breynia thyrsiflora (Welzen) Welzen & Pruesapan
 * Breynia tiepii Welzen & Pruesapan
 * Breynia tonkinensis Beille – Vietnam
 * Breynia trinervia (Hook.f. & Thomson ex Müll.Arg.) Chakrab. & N.P.Balakr.
 * Breynia tsiangii (P.T.Li) Welzen & Pruesapan
 * Breynia vestita Warb. – New Guinea, Kai Island in Maluku Province of Indonesia
 * Breynia villosa (Blanco) Welzen & Pruesapan
 * Breynia virgata (Blume) Müll.Arg. – Sumatra, Java, Lesser Sunda Islands
 * Breynia vitis-idaea (Burm.f.) C.E.C.Fisch. – China, Ryukyu Islands, Taiwan, Indochina, Andaman & Nicobar Islands, India, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, W Malaysia, Sumatra, Philippines
 * Breynia yanhuiana (P.T.Li) Welzen & Pruesapan

title: Breynia


text:
Everything Goes (film)

Everything Goes (stylized as everything goes) is a 2004 short film directed by Andrew Kotatko. It is based on the 1978 short story Why Don't You Dance? from Raymond Carver's 1981 collection What We Talk About When We Talk About Love. The film stars Hugo Weaving, Abbie Cornish and Sullivan Stapleton. Everything Goes won the award for Best Short Film at the 2004 Inside Film Awards and was the only Australian film selected for the prestigious Clermont-Ferrand International Short Film Festival in 2005.

Synopsis
The film depicts the unlikely relationship that forms between a young couple (Cornish and Stapleton) looking to begin their future together and a lonely middle-aged man (Weaving) trying to rid himself of the past.

Cast

 * Hugo Weaving as Ray
 * Abbie Cornish as Brianie
 * Sullivan Stapleton as Jack
 * Nikki Bennett as Ray's Wife

Reviews
The film received positive reviews from critics. In an article on Australian cinema for Cinematical.com, respected American film critic Jeffrey M. Anderson praised Everything Goes as "everything a great short film can be" and noted that "Kotatko makes spectacular use of light and space, using Carver's words when necessary and conjuring up wordless images just as potent".

title: Everything Goes (film)


text:
User:Damir A

Personal
Damir Aračić is a graduate student at Washington State University.

Comments
You are welcome to leave comments on the talk page.

title: User:Damir A


text:
Gonzalo Rojas

Gonzalo Rojas Pizarro (December 20, 1916 – April 25, 2011) was a Chilean poet. His work is part of the continuing Latin American avant-garde literary tradition of the twentieth century. In 2003 he was awarded the Cervantes Prize.

Life and career
He was the seventh son of a coal mining engineer, born in the port town of Lebu, Chile. Later on, during his youth he was the editor of the magazine Antarctica in Santiago de Chile and University lecturer in Valparaiso.

Between 1938-1941 he played a part in the surrealist group Mandrágora founded by Braulio Arenas, Teófilo Cid and Enrique Gómez Correa. Seven years later in 1948 his first book of poems was published in Santiago.

He studied Law and Literature in the Instituto Pedagógico de la Universidad de Chile. He taught in a number of small schools, even a German School in Valparaíso, but was eventually hired (1947) in the University of Chile in Valparaíso (now the University of Valparaíso). In 1952 having finally earned his degree, he was awarded a professorship at the University of Concepción. During the late 1950s and early 1960s, as the Head of the Department of Spanish and later the Director of Summer Courses, Gonzalo was instrumental in establishing a number of workshops that helped define earlier generations of Chilean writers and which brought international writers to Chile to participate in these events and congresses.

After the 1973 Chilean coup d'état he was forced to go into exile, an “undocumented person”. He was stripped of his diplomatic position and was also banned from teaching at any Chilean university. The University of Rostock in East Germany provided him with a placement.

He taught at universities in Germany, the United States, Spain, and Mexico.

Thanks to a Guggenheim Fellowship, Gonzalo Rojas went back to Chile in 1979, to Chillán, 400 kilometers to the south of the capital, to live permanently, yet was still unable to teach at a university there.

Subsequently, he lived in the United States between 1980 and 1994. From 1980 to 1985, Gonzalo was a visiting professor at Columbia University and the University of Chicago, then from 1985 to 1994, he held the title of professor at Brigham Young University.

He was awarded the Chilean National Prize for Literature and the Queen Sofia Prize of Iberian American Poetry (by the King of Spain), both in 1992. He also received the Octavio Paz prize of Mexico, and the José Hernández prize of Argentina. He was awarded the Cervantes Prize for 2003 the 23 of April 2004.

On the morning of April 25, 2011, Rojas died as a consequence of a stroke he suffered earlier in February. The government declared two days of official mourning. He was buried in Chillan, Chile. He was considered one of the greatest modern poets in Chile, together with Nicanor Parra.

His poetry has been translated into English, German, French, Portuguese, Russian, Italian, Romanian, Swedish, Chinese, Japanese, Turkish, Bengali and Greek.

Selected works

 * La miseria del hombre (1948)
 * Contra la muerte (1964)
 * Oscuro (1977)
 * Transtierro (1979)
 * Del relámpago (1981)
 * 50 poemas (1982)
 * El alumbrado (1986)
 * Antología personal (1988)
 * Materia de testamento (1988)
 * Antología de aire (1991)
 * Desocupado lector (1990)
 * Las hermosas (1991), Zumbido (1991)
 * Río turbio (1996)
 * América es la casa y otros poemas (1998)
 * Obra selecta (1999)

title: Gonzalo Rojas


text:
Jorge Edwards

Jorge Edwards Valdés (29 June 1931 – 17 March 2023) was a Chilean novelist, journalist and diplomat. He was the Chilean ambassador to France during the first Sebastián Piñera presidency.

Life and career
Edwards attended law school at the Universidad de Chile.

During the presidency of Salvador Allende, Edwards reopened the Chilean embassy in Havana,Cuba, but only three months later, he decided to leave the island. From this episode he wrote what is perhaps his most famous work, Persona non grata (1971), which made him world famous, in which he criticized the Cuban government.

In June 1994, Edwards accepted the post of Ambassador for Chile before the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), which has its headquarters in Paris, a city where Edwards resided for many years. Edwards lived in Santiago de Chile.

In 2008, his novel La Casa de Dostoievsky won the prestigious Premio Iberoamericano Planeta-Casa de América de Narrativa, one of the richest literary prizes in the world, worth $200,000.

In 2010, Edwards was granted Spanish citizenship by King Juan Carlos I of Spain.

Awards and honors

 * 1979 He entered the Academia Chilena de la Lengua
 * 1994 Chilean National Prize for Literature
 * 1999 Cervantes Prize
 * 2000 Gabriela Mistral Order of Educational and Cultural Merit
 * 2008 Premio Iberoamericano Planeta-Casa de América de Narrativa
 * 2016 Grand Cross of the Civil Order of Alfonso X, the Wise

Short stories

 * El patio (1962)
 * Gente de la ciudad (1961)
 * Las máscaras (1967)
 * Temas y variaciones (1969)
 * Fantasmas de carne y hueso (1993)

Novels

 * El peso de la noche (1965)
 * Persona non grata (1973)
 * Los convidados de piedra (1978)
 * El museo de cera (1981)
 * La mujer imaginaria (1985)
 * El anfitrión (1987)
 * El origen del mundo (1996)
 * El sueño de la historia (2000)
 * El inútil de la familia (2004), about Joaquín Edwards Bello.
 * La Casa de Dostoievsky (2008)

Journalism
Jorge Edwards wrote for several newspapers in Chile and Latin America (La Nación, Buenos Aires) and Europe (Le Monde, Paris; and El País, Madrid). A large portion of his journalistic work has been collected in two books:
 * El whisky de los poetas (1997)
 * Diálogos en un tejado (2003)

Other works
He has also written essays and biographies:
 * Desde la cola del dragón (1973)
 * Adiós, poeta (about Pablo Neruda, 1990)
 * Machado de Assís (about the Brazilian writer Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis, 2002)

Teaching
Jorge Edwards taught a course at the University of Chicago during the autumn quarter of 2008. The course was titled My personal history of the boom.

title: Jorge Edwards


text:
Talk:WBLS

I seem to recall that it was actually in 1972 that then - WLIB-FM's call letters were changed to WBLS, after WLIB (AM) was purchased by Inner City Broadcasting (the Novick family, which had previously owned the AM outlet, initially held on to the FM property as well), and that 1974 was actually the year Inner City acquired WBLS. You can find this in articles in the New York papers (i.e. The New York Times) during the respective periods in question. Just look in the index under "WLIB" and "WBLS" in the "Television and Radio - Stations" section. –Wbwn 05:39, 27 October 2006 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:WblsFMlogo.png
Image:WblsFMlogo.png is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot 04:59, 11 July 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:WblsFMlogo.png
Image:WblsFMlogo.png is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot 20:25, 11 July 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:WBLS


text:
User:Charles Matthews/MathematicsA

Ab
absolute Hodge cycle

Ad
Additive cohomology operation - Admissible map - Admissible monomial - Admissible sequence -

Ag
Anabelian geometry - Ancillarity - Acyclic covering - Albanese map - Algebraic equivalence of divisors - Approximative point-spectrum - Alcove - Associated curve - Associated line bundle - Acceptable Lie group - Accommodating orbit - Almost complex mapping - Analytic domination - Analytic vector - Algebra over a coalgebra - Atiyah-Hirzebruch-Whitehead spectral sequence - Asymptotic periods - Antifounded set theory - Abelian defect group conjecture - Alperin-McKay conjecture - Anick's conjecture -

affine chart - arithmetic of quadratic forms -

>B <XYZ

title: User:Charles Matthews/MathematicsA


text:
Greg Ritchie

Gregory Michael Ritchie (born 23 January 1960) is a former Australian international cricketer who played in 30 Tests matches and 44 One Day Internationals between 1982 and 1987.

Ritchie played for Queensland between 1980 and 1992. He scored 10,170 runs in his first class cricket career at an average of 44.21 including 24 centuries and 54 fifties. In the year 2000 he was named as one of the seven greatest Sheffield Shield run scorers in Queensland history for amassing over 6,000 runs for his state.

International career
Ritchie was affectionately known as "Fat Cat" due to his burly build. He was selected for Australia's 1982-83 tour of Pakistan as a middle-order batsman replacement for Greg Chappell. He scored his first century, 106 not out, in his second Test at Faisalabad. He was unable to force his way into the Australia side over the 1982–83 and 1983-84 summers but was picked on the 1984 tours of the West Indies and India and made the Australian side over the 1984-85 summer. He was a fixture in the middle order between 1985 and 1987 that included the 1985 The Ashes tour to England, where he scored his highest score 146 at Nottingham, the 1986 tours of New Zealand and India, and the 1986-87 England tour of Australia.

He was famously referred to by Allan Border at the 1986 Madras Tied Test versus India. Batsman Dean Jones was contemplating going off "retired ill" after vomiting at the crease and Border suggested that "a tough Queenslander" (Ritchie) could hack the conditions instead. Jones stayed on and scored a double century.

Career
Ritchie made his first class debut in 1980–81, playing for Queensland against Victoria. He batted once, scoring 7. However he impressed in his third match, a tour game against New Zealand, where his second innings 47 helped save the game. He then made 74 against South Australia and an innings of 75 against the touring Indians saw him discussed as a potential future test player. He followed this up with his debut first class century, 140 against Victoria.

Ritchie impressed again during the 1981–82 season with 55 and 71 against the touring West Indies, then the best team in the world. 126 and 103 against South Australia saw him discussed again as a test candidate.

Towards the end of the summer he was placed on stand by for Kim Hughes in Australia's one day team. He did not play in the end.

Ritchie was overlooked for the Australian tour to New Zealand in early 1982. However a century against Tasmania helped ensure his selection on the 1982 tour to Pakistan. Ritchie finished the season with 839 first class runs in ten games at an average of 59.

1982 Tour of Pakistan
The leading batsmen on the tour were Kim Hughes, Allan Border, Bruce Laird, John Dyson and Graeme Wood. Ritchie and Wayne Phillips were the two young batsmen. "They will be given every opportunity for the tests", said Hughes.

59 against the Pakistan Cricket Board XI impressed and Ritchie was picked to make his test debut. He scored 4 and 17. During the game he threw a stone at an umpire to demonstrate what was being thrown at him from the crowd.

Ritchie kept his spot in the side for the second test, although there was some talk he would be replaced by Peter Sleep. His maiden test century was the one bright spot of Australia's defeat. However he failed twice in the third test, making 26 and 18.

Ritchie was hit by projectiles while fielding at third man during the 3rd ODI, which was abandoned.

Ritchie kept his place in the Australian team to play England in the first test. However also in the twelve was David Hookes who was in very good form. Despite 67 and 46 against Tasmania, Ritchie was made 12th man for the first test. Ritchie was picked in the side for the second test but was again made twelfth man. He was not picked in the squad for the remainder of the summer.

That summer was a disappointing one for Ritchie, despite 55 against Victoria. He was unable to force his way into the Australian test or one day sides, and was overlooked for selection on the tour to Sri Lanka. However he was picked in a Young Australian side to tour Zimbabwe.

Ritchie played well on the Zimbabwe tour, scoring 69 against Zimbabwe.

Ritchie undertook a fitness campaign over the winter and lost several kilos. He began the 1983–84 summer brilliantly scoring 196 for Queensland against the touring Pakistan side. He followed this with four half centuries, and at one stage his first class run tally for the season was 451 at an average of 112. He then scored centuries against Victoria and NSW.

"My motto now is runs first; and lunch later", Ritchie said. "I think my winter fitness campaign is paying off. I'm more confident and I think my approach to the game is more mature... Now I put more value on my wicket and try to make the bowlers work hard for it."

He was selected in the Prime Ministers XI and got back in the Australian one day team. He was also selected for the 1984 tour of the West Indies. Ritchie was injured towards the end of the summer and there was some doubt he might make the tour but he recovered in time.

Ritchie played in all five tests. He started the tour well with 64 against Guyana.

His best performance came in the first when he scored 78. He also made 57 in the third test.

One notable incident on the tour had Ritchie and Wayne Phillips miss the beginning of a tour game because they slept in. He scored 99 against Barbados.

Ritchie was selected on the short one-day-international tour of India. He made 59 in the last game, the only one Ritchie played.

Ritchie started the 1985-85 summer with a century against Victoria for Queensland. However he was overlooked for the first two tests against the West Indies. He was put on stand-by for the third test as a possible back up for Allan Border, who was injured – but in the end he managed to play.

Ritchie replaced Kim Hughes for the fifth test. He was injured while batting but managed to complete his innings of 37.

Ritchie was picked in the Australian one day team. He was also selected to tour England in 1985.

Ritchie also batted in the famous 1984/85 Sheffield Shield final, narrowly lost by Queensland against New South Wales.

Ritchie began the Ashes well with 72 in the first tour game, 100 against Sussex. and 115 against Leicestershire.

He was picked in the first test. He scored 46 in the first innings but dropped Tim Robinson when the latter was on 22; Robinson went on to score a century. "Ritchie is Australia's greatest liability in the field, whether in a catching position or in the deep", said one reporter. He scored 1 in the second innings.

Ritchie redeemed himself in the second test, his first innings score of 94 helping lay the platform for an Australian victory. He went on to score a century in the third test. He took part in an partnership with Border in the 4th test that helped secure a draw.

Australia went on to lose the last two tests disastrously. However Ritchie was one of the few Australians to show fight – his second innings score of 20 off 102 balls almost helped Australia save the game. In the last test he made 64 in the first innings. In between the games he made 155 against Kent.

At the end of the tour, Allan Border said that Ritchie and Craig McDermott were the only players who could be really happy with their performances.

Ritchie started the 1985–86 season well with 86 against Victoria and kept his place for the first test against New Zealand. He failed twice in Australia's defeat, but was kept on for the second test.

Ritchie's batting in the first innings, a score of 89, was crucial for a rare Australian win. He made a fighting 44 in the third test, which Australia lost.

Ritchie scored his first test century on Australian soil with 128 against India in Adelaide. However he injured himself moving timber at his Brisbane home and was unable to play in the second test; his place was taken by Steve Waugh.

Ritchie was initially picked in Australia's one day squad over the summer and scored a match winning 68 against New Zealand. However his form faded away and he was omitted from the squad after suffering a groin injury. Nonetheless, he kept his place in the Australian team for the tour to New Zealand.

Ritchie arrived in New Zealand with the Australian squad in February 1986. He was injured during training after being hit on the toe from a ball by Craig McDermott. However he scored 66 not out in Australia's victory over Auckland.

Ritchie batted well in the first test, scoring 92 and taking part in a 213 run partnership with Greg Matthews.

He failed in the second test and scored 80 in a tour game. Ritchie scored 56 in the third test but failed in the second innings as Australia crashed to another defeat.

In the one day series that followed, Ritchie took part in a 90-ball 100 run partnership with Greg Matthews in the final game.

Ritchie then went to Sharjah for a short tour by an Australian team led by Ray Bright.

Ritchie was selected in the squad to tour India. He made a duck in the first game but scored 125 off 124 balls opening against Bombay and 95 against Young India.

In the famous second tied test, Ritchie made 13 and 28. He didn't bat in the second test and made 31 in the third.

In the third one-day international, Ritchie scored 75 off 53 balls.

Ritchie was picked in the Australian side for the first test of the Ashes that summer. He scored 41 and 45.

He made 141 against Victoria and made 33 and 24 off 139 balls in the second test. The third test saw Ritchie make 34 and 46 not out in the second innings, helping draw the game.

Ritchie was then left out of the Australian one day side and was made 12th man for the fourth test so Australia could play an extra bowler. (Allan Border later said he wanted Ritchie to play but was overruled by the selectors. )

Ritchie was picked in the squad for the fifth test and asked Allan Border if he could open with Geoff Marsh. Border agreed but Ritchie only scored 8 and 13.

Ritchie was not picked in the Australian one day squad. He made 96 against Tasmania and was back in the squad. He earned selection on the tour to Sharjah. However he was omitted from the World Cup squad.

Ritchie was unable to force his way back into the Australian team. He broke a long century drought in January 1988 with 100 against New South Wales. That summer he also undertook a promotional walk while injured.

Ritchie was involved in an incident on a domestic flight on the way to playing WA for the Sheffield Shield final when then-Queensland-teammate Ian Botham assaulted a fellow passenger. He was summonsed to appear in front of a Perth Magistrate for offensive behaviour. Botham pleaded guilty to a similar change but Ritchie pleaded not guilty. The charge was then dismissed. Queensland lost the final to WA.

In 1988-89 Ritchie was appointed Queensland vice captain, and led the side on a number of occasions. He scored 114 in an FAI Cup match against Victoria and his innings of 60 in the Cup Final was crucial in helping Queensland win.

His form was so good there was some talk Ritchie might make the 1989 Ashes squad. "I think it's not really up to me to give an opinion," he said. "It's like me saying 'you've done a good job as a journo, how do you rate your promotion prospects?' — you're not going to answer that... [But] I'm playing better cricket than I ever have before. This season I've gone out to simply enjoy the game and I don't really care about selections. In the past I've put too much pressure on myself and I've always felt like I had to perform to keep getting selected."

Allan Border stood down as Queensland captain at the beginning of the 1989/90 season in favour of Ritchie. "I've, been fortunate enough to have played under the best captains around. in A. B. [Border] and Greg Chappell, and hopefully I can draw on those experiences", said Ritchie. Highlights of the summer included 123 against the touring Pakistan side and 213 against South Australia. Queensland made the Sheffield Shield final but lost to NSW. Ritchie enjoyed a lot of success with the bat making 928 first class runs at an average of 54.

In 1990 there were reports of moves to remove Ritchie as Queensland captain. Ritchie wound up retiring from cricket. Moves were made to get Ritchie to come back to the side by new coach Jeff Thomson and QCA chief executive Barry Richards.

Ritchie returned to first class cricket at the beginning of the 1991–92 season. After a slow start to the season he scored a century against Western Australia. Ritchie then retired again, this time for good.

After cricket
Ritchie was well known outside cricket as an after-dinner speaker and a travel agent. He also had a successful post-cricket media career. Wearing Blackface, he played a comedy character, a supposed Punjabi Sikh called Mahatma Cote, on Channel Nine's The Footy Show as well as other sports radio comedy chat segments. From 2001 to 2004, he was a host for the Triple M Brisbane breakfast show.

Ritchie currently lives in Hope Island in the City of Gold Coast, Queensland. Ritchie has several existing business interests in the United States and Australia and currently is seen regularly as a commentator on PGAtour.com.

Controversies
In 1997, Ritchie was involved in a homophobic incident with Ansett Australia staff before and during a flight which he was subsequently removed from. He was forced to publicly apologise for the incident and is believed to have lost his regular media appearances on the Nine Network.

In 2006, Ritchie was involved in another in-flight incident. The former cricketer was detained by the US Department of Homeland Security after a drunken incident on-board a flight to Florida to visit then girlfriend Rachel Hetherington. Despite being arrested for 'inappropriate behaviour' and detained for suspicion of interference with crew which was a Federal Offence, he was let off with a warning and not prevented from entering the country in the future.

In 2012, Ritchie caused controversy over racist and Islamophobic comments at a luncheon during the First Test between Australia and South Africa at the Adelaide Oval; after South African team officials complained (the team contained four Muslim and two black African players), Ritchie was effectively banned by Cricket Australia from functions for the rest of the 2012–13 season.

title: Greg Ritchie


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User:Charles Matthews/MathematicsB

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Bryan Birch - Borel-Moore homology theory - Baker's method - Base locus - Bernstein inequality - Beurling algebra - Beurling's theorem - Bicharacteristic - Bieberbach's inequality - Bitrace - Bitype - Bochner-Martinelli formula - Bonnesen inequality - Bonnet theorem - - Bott formula - Bott residue formula - Brunn-Minkowski inequality - Boardman homomorphism - Banach representation - Bochner integral - Borel section  - Boundary of a Lie group - Boundary subgroup - Bruhat lemma - Binary numeration - Brauer-Siegel theorem - Borel space - Brauer lifting -

Beez theorem - Bernstein's theorem - Bieberbach's theorem (complex analysis) - Bieberbach's theorem (group theory) - Birkhoff-Lewis fixed-point theorem - Bochner-Godement theorem - Bochner-Yano theorem - Bohl's theorem - Bombieri's theorem - Bott-Duffin theorem - Bony-Brezis theorem - Bony theorem - Borel conjugacy theorem - Borel theorem - Bott theorem - Brauer's theorem on induced characters -

Bogomolov conjecture the commutator subgroup of the maximal quotient pro-l-group of the Galois group is free - Bounded orbit conjecture - Berman conjecture - Bass conjecture - BFSS conjecture

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title: User:Charles Matthews/MathematicsB


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File:Fashion - Fabrique LP album cover.jpg

Summary
Fashion - Fabrique. LP album cover.

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