text:
Talk:Baron of Dunsany

Untitled
Baronies and Lordships of Parliament that were originally created as "Baron of X" or "Lord of X" are now never referred to with the definite article. Proteus (Talk) 16:36, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Cokayne quotes 15th-century documents as saying Dns. de Dunsany butLord Dunsany is from 1585, and is COkayne;s own usage, as far as I can see. Is there some confusion with the first grantee haveing been "Christopher Plunkett, of Dunsany"? Septentrionalis 22:53, 7 April 2006 (UTC)

More seriously, Cokayne says that the precedence usually assigned is next after Trimlestown (cr. 4 March 1461/2 and extant), and cites no earlier evidence. What's the source for 1439? Septentrionalis PMAnderson 20:45, 22 September 2007 (UTC)
 * Oh. This article depends on Debrett's: a notoriously unreliable tertiary source. I'm whelmed. Fifteenth century Ireland is a difficult topic, very little data having survived; but let us not charge blindly into error.  Septentrionalis PMAnderson 21:01, 24 September 2007 (UTC)

 * So, to summarise, there is a dispute over (a) whether this is the 2nd oldest or 3rd oldest title, and in the background (not relevant to this article) (b) whether Debrett's, one of the main sources for this type of information, is reliable enough. One point is not enough to put an "Accuracy" tag on the article as a whole.  And questionable as a whole, as this material aligns exactly with the family's own account, plus the book "The Story of Dunsany Castle", written by someone with access to family papers.  I will add the latter citation, and am removing the tag, or at most querying only the point about "2nd oldest". SeoR 08:15, 25 September 2007 (UTC)
 * Doubtless using Debrett; although the family's claim should be mentioned. The leap to the conclusion that the family has papers from 1461 is quite long (especially given the Irish climate). If they say so, of course, that's a different matter; but I don't recall they do. Septentrionalis PMAnderson 20:31, 25 September 2007 (UTC)

 * Noted. I did not say that the source of "The Story of Dunsany Castle" comprised papers from 1461 - only that the book's authors had access to the family and their documentation. My broader issue is that there are three major sources of peerage data, and this question arises because of an assertion that Debrett's, probably the best known of these, is "notoriously unreliable."  This assertion is not mentioned in the (long) Debrett's WP article.  At the end of the day, the disputed point is not exactly a critical matter, but is there an implication that Debrett's should not be used as a source at all? SeoR 10:29, 26 September 2007 (UTC)
 * No, merely that it should not be relied upon when contested. It has the usual problems of a tertiary source: it was compiled from secondary sources, largely by a staff not themselves experts in the subject at hand. Septentrionalis PMAnderson 17:36, 26 September 2007 (UTC)

Intro
The lead needs to be phrased with care. There are three reasons why Dunsany is not the second oldest peerage in Ireland.
 * There are older Earldoms, some of which existed before there was an Irish Parliament at all.
 * There were a dozen baronies in the fifteenth century; many of them still exist, but the barons have been promoted to a higher title; some of these are older than Dunsany. For example, the Baron of Killeen is now also Earl of Fingal.
 * The question of order among the three which remain only baronies: Kingsale, Trimlestown, and Dunsany. This is the least decidable, and probably the least important, question. (If the Irish Peerage were ever likely to meet again, this might be different.) Septentrionalis PMAnderson 17:36, 26 September 2007 (UTC)

 * Thanks. My point was that it is the x oldest extant - there are no others left - Killeen / Fingall, for example being extinct since the 1980's. SeoR 18:23, 26 September 2007 (UTC)
 * Sorry, that's what I get for not checking Cokayne's 1994 Supplement. Make the example Baron Kerry, which is attested from 1295, and is now held by the Marquess of Lansdowne. Septentrionalis PMAnderson 19:44, 26 September 2007 (UTC)

 * May as well join, for clarity. So, "The Complete Peerage", in a modern update, has more to offer. Fair enough, as I have seen errors alleged in all three "Peerages". And as someone said early on, there is a murky period of history here. The above is interesting, and I wonder why Kerry has been missed in the Peerage of Ireland article. Can I suggest a slight rewording to end this debate, as, as SeoR said, this is not a crucial point... Skir77 05:37, 27 September 2007 (UTC)
 * Because the Marquess of Lansdowne is one Peer, although he holds half-a-dozen titles. (Almost all peers of greater rank hold a barony; when the family did not hold one when given a viscounty or an earldom, one was created for the purpose.) For all Irish baronies, see List of Baronies in the Peerage of Ireland. Septentrionalis PMAnderson 17:54, 27 September 2007 (UTC)

 * Grand. I will, when I have a chance, see if I can find more on this, but my main focus on Dunsany is elsewhere.  It has been informative, and I will be more cautious around Debrett's in future.  How does the third source (Burke's, I assume) rate? SeoR 09:28, 27 September 2007 (UTC)
 * Somewhat worse that Debrett's, I believe; it has the same systemic flaws. For what it's worth, the Complete Peerage is distinctly opinionated; but they are at least informed opinions. (Also, CP has room to explain "maybe A, maybe B, possibly C"; it's in fourteen volumes, not one.) Septentrionalis PMAnderson 17:39, 27 September 2007 (UTC)

Complete set
Would someone be willing to take on the completion of articles, at least on some of the more recent holders? Surely the fairly well/known 19th and his wife are sourceable? Skir77 (talk) 11:20, 18 April 2008 (UTC)

Name: Baron Dunsany
I'm just checking the DNB entries on Dunsany, and in both cases (9th & 18th Barons) there are referred to as Baron Dunsany, not Baron of Dunsany. 86.42.119.12 (talk) 01:36, 9 September 2008 (UTC)

Joan Cusack?
Wait, what?

The elder Christopher married Joan Cusack,

Somehow, I don't think so. This is a prank. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 198.91.4.14 (talk)

No, it isn't. That was her name.62.88.187.46 (talk) 11:38, 20 April 2011 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Baron of Dunsany


text:
User:Pmanderson

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(A word of advice; it makes no sense, but you will get more respect if you create your user page).

Wikipedia is inconsistent
I am opposed to all efforts to impose uniformity on Wikipedia; imposition of national or political PoV are the worst, and most common of these; but the AD/CE edit war is another and clearer example. The wiki solution to the problem would be for anyone who was editing a sentence anyway to change the style if he objected to it, and otherwise to leave it alone. It is an elementary theorem of probability theory that the proportion of AD to CE would then reflect the proportion of people who prefer one to the other, and WP would achieve uniformity when the world does - and not before.

The same logic applies to the doubtless well-intentioned effort to format Wikipedia identically in every article, and to the recurring spats over Anglo-American usage. Both of these are also contrary to express policy, and I approve those policies.

Eventualism
Eventually Wikipedia will get it right.

Delete, but don't Speedy
A few words quoted from Jimbo which have not gotten enough attention in all this:
 *  *g* Funny isn't it? I keep stumbling across pages ranting against my irrational vendetta and ban of userboxes when basically I'm just saying Everyone please relax a notch or two.--Jimbo Wales 02:35, 24 February 2006 (UTC)

 * There seems to be an understanding that you have given the OK for mass userbox deletion. I think it would be helpful if you could make it fully clear that this is not the case. Everyking 04:40, 24 February 2006 (UTC)

 * I don't know how I could be any more clear about it.--Jimbo Wales 14:53, 24 February 2006 (UTC)

I believe that divisive and inflammatory userboxes should be deleted. I am convinced by the events of the last few months that they should not be speedied. The reform proposal linked to a few sections above makes abundantly clear the amount of judgment involved in the application of T1; other speedy criteria can be verified trivially, and usually all reasonable editors will agree when they have been met.

TfD will also usually get rid of something faster, since speedies will often be listed on WP:UBD; and Undeletion will be seriously discussed and often approved. (Of course TfD's can be nominated for undeletion too; but if there has been visible consensus, the deletion reviewers will ignore it.) Septentrionalis 15:58, 29 March 2006 (UTC)

Five layers of MOS
There are five different approaches to a Manual of Style. MOS should use most of them; it doesn't. Approach 4 is all too often advocated, but Wikipedia is not an exercise in language reform.

One example which actually came up was the proposal to ban "one fourth" in favor of "one quarter"; the examples below are possible statements based on that (hopefully uncontroversial) divergence.
 * 1) Discuss the possibilities
 * 2) *North American English tends to use fourth; other Commonwealth English tends to use quarter.
 * 3) *There are exceptions to this rule of thumb in both direct.
 * 4) * Quarter can be used of a division into more than four pieces
 * 5) Make a recommendation
 * 6) *In general, use fourth in articles written in American English; quarter in articles in Commonwealth English.
 * 7) Establish a rule for Featured Articles
 * 8) *Featured Articles must use fourth in articles written in American English; quarter in articles in Commonwealth English.
 * 9) A new improved, modern English
 * 10) *Always use fourth, because it's logical
 * 11) *Always use quarter. This was the original proposal.
 * 12) Don't edit just to change one style to another
 * 13) *If an article has quarter as an established stylistic choice, don't change to fourth without discussion and consensus.

I think this example makes clear why MoS #2 and MoS #3 should not be the same; we can reasonably suggest that American articles use "fourth", but we should not deprive an article of FA because someone has used "quarter" instead; American English can, as Ursula K. Le Guin did.

Only MOS #3 and MOS #4 require consistency between one MOS page and another. Septentrionalis PMAnderson 19:11, 29 February 2008 (UTC)

Wiki-Crusaders
We've seen these all too often; somebody notices that an aspect of Wikipedia (usually one he does not use himself) can be abused - and calls a Crusade: We've seen all of these; the last usually in some modified form, because even our Crusaders do sometimes edit articles.
 * Userboxes are evil; ban all userboxes.
 * Admins can be abusive; desysop all admins.
 * Anon accounts vandalize; semi-protect all articles.
 * Editors can be nitwits; protect all articles.

These Crusades have a number of common features:
 * A declaration the sky is falling
 * An utter absence of evidence that our normal procedures aren't dealing with the abuses.
 * The EVIL practice X is usually something which makes no substantive difference to article space, but which some editors find useful.
 * Reasoning of the form: "I don't do X (use userboxes/edit anonymously...); why should you have the right to do X? After all, it can be abused."

After six months or so, either it doesn't pass, and somehow the sky manages not to fall; or it does pass, some established editors are harassed, a large number of newbies are driven away, and we watch our expansion slow further - but there's never any great improvement to the encyclopedia.

If I have linked to this section, it probably means that I oppose giving some Crusader an office of trust or profit. Recent Crusades include:
 * The complaint (quite literally) that User:Docu signed his posts with Docu instead of four tildes. Some actually proposed to block Docu for this scandalous offense. Docu is not the one who should be blocked.
 * This Crusade to block all alt accounts (as opposed to abusive alt accounts, which are the only ones we can recognize) is merely unenforceable and useless - but it did inspire this thread.
 * The perpetual Crusades at MOS to mandate one of several valid forms of English; the latest is an effort to decree that we should use 19th century and not nineteenth century. Really; I'm not making this up. Admittedly, unless resisted, as in the late Date-delinking disaster, this rarely begins with the cry "the sky is falling"; but it rapidly emerges. Part of the problem appears to be thinking in terms of a community of MOS editors, as opposed to a community of editors. Septentrionalis PMAnderson 17:32, 20 August 2009 (UTC)

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geologic history of the Moon

Name
Okay, I forgot and put two ~s on each side of the name, instead of four in front. Antonio Giusti 08:13, 21 November 2006 (UTC)Antonio Giusti

Hi PM
I appreciate your efforts to keep New York Manumission Society NPOV. There is in fact a lot of reading on the web about these issues with the society. It's important to keep the coverage neutral.

I'm still wanting to add more "color" to the articles, i.e. specific activities of the group. I've got so much to do and little experience with Wikipedia, that I'm afraid I'm a bit intimidated and overwhelmed.

I know this is too much to ask, but I would really like to keep coverage of the Manumission society as positive and digestible as possible until March. Your edits so far are perfect, I just don't want there to be any edit wars or undue weight. I truly don't think you're the "bad guy" in your dealings with...others, in fact - I can see both sides. (Have you ever thought the user in question might be the source he most cites? Just a thought.)

I'm frankly hoping to enlist your help - if you can do anything at all to collaborate with me on this project (around all of these related articles), I would be so grateful.

 * Sincerely,

 * NinaEliza (talk • contribs • count • [/wiki/Special:Log?user= logs ] • email ) 15:53, 22 December 2006 (UTC)

Naming dispute participation invite
A geographical naming dispute has gone to mediation here Mediation Cabal/Cases/2009-08-19/Paneriai - it started with one town but its scope has widened to include the entire PL-LT Commonwealth. Since you were involved in writing the naming policies, your input would be welcome. I think some of the policy wordings are problematic and lend themselves to unnecessary volumes of argument. Sincerely, Novickas (talk) 20:22, 6 September 2009 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User:Pmanderson


text:
Template:Spanish royal family

In Spain, a distinction is made between the Spanish Royal family and the King's Family. Members of this royal family and the more extended king's family are listed in this template.

Royal Family
Per tradition, but also specifically regulated by Royal Decree, the Royal Family of Spain consists of the holder of the Crown (king or queen), his consort, descendants (children and grandchildren), and parents of the monarch. Since the succession to the throne of the current king in 2014, the royal family consists of six members:

The King of Spain and his wife: their daughters: his parents:
 * The King Felipe VI;
 * The Queen Letizia;
 * Leonor, Princess of Asturias;
 * Infanta Sofía;
 * King Juan Carlos;
 * Queen Sofia.

King's Family
The King's Family are all close relatives (siblings, niblings, cousins, uncles/aunts) who, despite being related to Felipe VI, are not part of the Royal Family and, therefore, do not have any institutional role, unless they the King designates otherwise.

With regard to the King's Family, the following persons are considered as its main members:
 * eldest sister of the King: Infanta Elena, Duchess of Lugo;
 * her children: Don Felipe & Doña Victoria;
 * younger sister of the King and her spouse: Infanta Cristina & Don Iñaki Urdangarin;
 * their children: Don Juan, Don Pablo, Don Miguel & Doña Irene;
 * the children of King Felipe's aunt, the late Infanta Pilar, Duchess of Badajoz: Doña Simoneta, The Viscount de la Torre, Don Bruno & Don Luis;
 * King Felipe's aunt and her spouse: Infanta Margarita, Duchess of Soria & Carlos Zurita, Duke consort of Soria;
 * their children (and cousins of King Felip): Don Alfonso & Doña María;
 * aunt-in-law of King Felipe: Princess Anne, Dowager Duchess of Calabria.

title: Template:Spanish royal family


text:
User talk:Tamarind01

Please stop
Regarding this edit and others to the Tony Blair article: Please stop. If you continue to vandalize pages, you will be blocked from editing Wikipedia. Hall Monitor 16:38, 26 August 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Tamarind01


text:
Butch Beard

Alfred "Butch" Beard Jr. (born May 5, 1947) is an American former professional basketball player and coach. He was the starting point guard with the 1975 NBA champion Golden State Warriors.

Early years
Beard played high school basketball at Breckinridge County High School where, as a junior, he led the Bearcats to the 1964 state championship game losing to a Wes Unseld-led Louisville Seneca team. Beard and Unseld would later become roommates at the University of Louisville. In 1965, Beard led the Bearcats back to the title game, winning the state championship. Additionally, he was named the Kentucky Mr. Basketball.

Butch Beard played college basketball at the University of Louisville.

NBA
Beard was selected by the Dallas Chaparrals in the 1969 ABA draft and by the Atlanta Hawks in the first round of the 1969 NBA draft. Beard played nine seasons (1969–1970; 1971–1979) with five teams: the Atlanta Hawks, the Cleveland Cavaliers, the Seattle SuperSonics, the Golden State Warriors, and the New York Knicks. He scored 5,622 career points and represented Cleveland in the 1972 NBA All-Star Game. While with the Warriors he scored the last seven points of the team's 1975 NBA Championship win. Beard retired as an NBA player in 1979, last playing for the New York Knicks.

Coaching
Beard later served as head coach of the New Jersey Nets from 1994 to 1996. He was also color analyst for New York Knicks games on MSG Network during the 1980s. He was the head coach at Howard University from 1990 to 1994 and head coach at Morgan State University until he stepped down in March 2006.

Regular season

 * align="left" | 1969–70
 * align="left" | Atlanta
 * 72 || - || 13.1 || .467 || - || .828 || 1.9 || 1.7 || - || - || 7.0
 * align="left" | 1971–72
 * align="left" | Cleveland
 * 68 || - || 35.8 || .464 || - || .760 || 4.1 || 6.7 || - || - || 15.4
 * align="left" | 1972–73
 * align="left" | Seattle
 * 73 || - || 19.2 || .439 || - || .714 || 2.4 || 3.4 || - || - || 6.6
 * align="left" | 1973–74
 * align="left" | Golden State
 * 79 || - || 27.0 || .512 || - || .739 || 4.9 || 3.8 || 1.3 || 0.1 || 10.2
 * style="text-align:left;background:#afe6ba;" | 1974–75†
 * align="left" | Golden State
 * 82 || - || 30.7 || .528 || - || .832 || 3.9 || 4.2 || 1.6 || 0.1 || 12.8
 * align="left" | 1975–76
 * align="left" | Cleveland
 * 15 || - || 17.0 || .389 || - || .730 || 2.9 || 3.0 || 0.7 || 0.1 || 6.5
 * align="left" | 1975–76
 * align="left" | New York
 * 60 || - || 24.2 || .475 || - || .755 || 4.5 || 2.9 || 1.2 || 0.1 || 8.4
 * align="left" | 1976–77
 * align="left" | New York
 * 70 || - || 15.5 || .505 || - || .688 || 2.3 || 2.1 || 0.8 || 0.1 || 5.3
 * align="left" | 1977–78
 * align="left" | New York
 * 79 || - || 25.1 || .502 || - || .806 || 3.3 || 4.3 || 1.5 || 0.0 || 9.4
 * align="left" | 1978–79
 * align="left" | New York
 * 7 || - || 12.1 || .423 || - || .000 || 1.4 || 2.7 || 1.0 || 0.0 || 3.1
 * - class="sortbottom"
 * style="text-align:center;" colspan="2"| Career
 * 605 || - || 23.6 || .487 || - || .771 || 3.4 || 3.6 || 1.3 || 0.1 || 9.3
 * }
 * align="left" | New York
 * 79 || - || 25.1 || .502 || - || .806 || 3.3 || 4.3 || 1.5 || 0.0 || 9.4
 * align="left" | 1978–79
 * align="left" | New York
 * 7 || - || 12.1 || .423 || - || .000 || 1.4 || 2.7 || 1.0 || 0.0 || 3.1
 * - class="sortbottom"
 * style="text-align:center;" colspan="2"| Career
 * 605 || - || 23.6 || .487 || - || .771 || 3.4 || 3.6 || 1.3 || 0.1 || 9.3
 * }
 * }

Playoffs

 * align="left" | 1969–70
 * align="left" | Atlanta
 * 9 || - || 16.2 || .477 || - || .731 || 2.9 || 0.9 || - || - || 9.0
 * style="text-align:left;background:#afe6ba;" | 1974–75†
 * align="left" | Golden State
 * style="background:#cfecec;" | 17* || - || 26.4 || .411 || - || .642 || 4.2 || 3.1 || 1.4 || 0.1 || 9.1
 * align="left" | 1977–78
 * align="left" | New York
 * 6 || - || 26.7 || .500 || - || .600 || 3.5 || 4.5 || 1.7 || 0.3 || 9.0
 * - class="sortbottom"
 * style="text-align:center;" colspan="2"| Career
 * 32 || - || 23.6 || .444 || - || .663 || 3.7 || 2.8 || 1.5 || 0.2 || 9.0
 * }
 * style="text-align:center;" colspan="2"| Career
 * 32 || - || 23.6 || .444 || - || .663 || 3.7 || 2.8 || 1.5 || 0.2 || 9.0
 * }

title: Butch Beard


text:
King of Donair

King of Donair (often abbreviated KOD) is a chain of restaurants that was established in Halifax, Nova Scotia, in 1973 by Greek immigrant Peter Gamoulakos, who popularized the donair in the city. The brand has a cult-like following, and has been featured by Trailer Park Boys, National Geographic, the Food Network, the Travel Channel and Vice Media. Celebrity chefs such as Anthony Bourdain, Andrew Zimmern, Dominique Crenn, and Matty Matheson chose King of Donair for filming, documenting and indulging. In 2015, the donair was named the official dish of Halifax, with December 8 being National Donair Day.

In addition to the donair, KOD is also known for its pizza, garlic fingers and other donair offerings such as donair egg rolls, donair plates, and donair pizza.

Origins
The first King of Donair opened in 1973 on Quinpool Rd. in Halifax, Nova Scotia. It was founded by Greek immigrant and restaurateur Peter Gamoulakos, who owned a pizza shop called Velo's Pizza. While on trip to Greece, he ate a lot of gyros and was inspired to bring the dish to Canada. After trying to sell them at his pizza shop, he realized that Nova Scotians of the 1970s didn't have a palate for lamb and the yogurt-based tzatziki. He substituted spicy beef for lamb and created a sweet sauce made with evaporated milk. This new dish was based on the Turkish doner. The vertically roasted doner kebab was created by Mehmetoğlu İskender Efendi. He served the first plate of İskender kebap in 1867 in the Turkish city of Bursa. It became popular in Halifax in the 1970s. After perfecting the recipe, King of Donair was opened in 1973.

The original King of Donair is located in the same building on Quinpool Rd. The chain has four other locations in Nova Scotia.

Western Canada expansion
The 2010s saw an expansion into Western Canada, beginning with pop-up shops in Alberta to test for economic viability. A two-day event was planned for March 4 in Calgary and March 5 in Banff National Park's Sunshine Village. The latter event was cancelled due to concerns about crowd size, while the Calgary event continued and raised money for the Alberta Children's Hospital.

In 2018, two restaurants were opened, in Edmonton and Grande Prairie, Alberta. 2019 saw further expansion with a third Alberta location in Sherwood Park and its first Saskatchewan location in the Erindale Shopping Centre within the University Heights Suburban Centre in Saskatoon.

Other cities announced in the Western Canada expansion were Vancouver, Kelowna  and Victoria in British Columbia, Regina, Saskatchewan, and Winnipeg, Manitoba. It was reported that KOD planned to have at least one location in British Columbia by the end of 2018 with a total of ten that were expected to open that year.

Disputes
In May 2012, the KOD location that was on the aptly named "Pizza Corner" in Halifax was closed due to the disrepair of the rented building. Owner Sam Nahas notified landlord John Manolopoulos that the lease was not being renewed for this reason, and took Manolopoulos to small claims court to be reimbursed $25,000 on various repairs to the old building. The restaurant had been a staple of Pizza Corner since the early 1990s.

In 2015, KOD alleged that the Vancouver restaurant Donair King was infringing on its trademarks such as name and logo. KOD filed documents with the Federal Court of Canada saying its name has been associated with donairs, donair meat and donair sauce since the 1970s. The claim asked the court to order them to destroy menus, signs, packaging, promotional material, and business cards with the Donair King name. It also asked for punitive and exemplary damages as well as the legal costs to be covered. Donair King denied the allegations in a statement of defence, and offered to stop using the Donair King name if King of Donair agreed to take no legal action. The statement of claim was filed Sept. 23 and Donair King filed its defence Oct. 26.

Calgary was planned as one of the first cities to be included in KOD's Western Canada expansion in 2016. The company filed a statement of claim in April 2016 that stated donair establishments in Calgary such as King Donair and Shawrama, King Donair and King Shwarnae Donair, all registered under the numbered company 974819 Alberta Ltd., were active during this time and infringing on its trademark. Owner Norman Nahas cited that people would think KOD is already in Western Canada. 974819 Alberta Ltd. had yet to file a statement of defence during that time. King of Donair alleges that it previously wrote to King Donair, asking it to "cease and desist from its infringing and otherwise unlawful activities", to no effect, court documents state.

Pop culture

 * On April 18, 2004; King of Donair first appears in the season 4 episode of Trailer Park Boys entitled "A Man's Gotta Eat". Randy (played by Patrick Roach) frequently visits for donairs where he prostitutes himself for coupons.
 * Rapper Quake Matthews released a single in 2015 entitled "Down With the King" which is a tribute to the donair and King of Donair. It features Randy and T from Trailer Park Boys.

Awards and honours
Winner of The Coast's Best of Halifax Reader's Choice Award for Best Donair: 1998, 2001–2003, 2006–2010, and 2013–2016 (14 of 19 years). Hall of Fame (2018-2019)

title: King of Donair


text:
Abang Muhammad Salahuddin

Tun Pehin Sri Abang Haji Muhammad Salahuddin bin Abang Barieng (né Louis anak Barieng; ابڠ محمد صلاح الدين بن ابڠ باريئڠ; 27 August 1921 – 28 January 2022) was a Malaysian politician who served as the third Yang di-Pertua Negeri of Sarawak from 1977 to 1981, and as the sixth Yang di-Pertua Negeri from 2001 to 2014. He was the first Yang di-Pertua Negeri to hold the post twice, as well as the oldest elected to the office.

Early life
Born in 1921 at Kampung Nangka, Sibu, Raj of Sarawak (present-day Sarawak, Malaysia) Abang Muhammad Salahuddin, or Abang Louis, was the only son of Abang Barieng Abang Anyut, a well-known figure in the Third Division (present-day Sibu Division), who had a bloodline with famous state leader Temenggung Jugah Barieng. Abang Louis later changed his name to his Islam one after his conversion.

After the Japanese occupation, he worked as Municipal Inspector until 1947 under the new British colonial administration. He continued in the public service under the National Registration Department and the Public Works Department.

Political career
Salahuddin was active in state politics, helping to form Barisan Pemuda Sarawak (BPS) and Barisan Rakyat Jati Sarawak (BARJASA). He acted as representative of the Melanau community to the Cobbold Commission during the years preceding the formation of Malaysia.

In 1963, he contested and won a seat in the state elections. He resigned in 1968 and returned to public service and eventually became Chairman of the State Public Service Commission.

Governorship
In 1977, he was installed as the third Yang di-Pertua Negeri of Sarawak and served for his first term. In 2000, he became the acting Yang di-Pertua Negeri while his successor Ahmad Zaidi Adruce was ill. Ahmad Zaidi died in December 2000, and Abang Muhammad Salahuddin was reappointed permanently to the governorship in February 2001, and his term officially ended on 28 February 2014.

Death
Salahuddin died at the Normah Sarawak Medical Centre in Petra Jaya, on 28 January 2022, at the age of 100. He was buried at the Samariang Muslim Cemetery in Kuching.

Honours of Malaysia

 * 🇲🇾 Malaysia :
 * MY Darjah Yang Mulia Pangkuan Negara (Defender of the Realm) - SMN.svg Grand Commander of the Order of the Defender of the Realm (SMN) – Tun (1978)
 * Sarawak :
 * MY-SAR Order of the Star of Sarawak - 1 ribbon SBS.svg Knight Grand Commander of the Most Exalted Order of the Star of Sarawak (SBS) – Pehin Sri (2017)
 * [[File:MY-SAR Order of the Star of the Hornbill (Bintang Kenyalang) - 1. Knight Grand Commander (DP).svg|50px]] Knight Grand Commander of the Order of the Star of Hornbill Sarawak (DP) – Datuk Patinggi
 * MY-SAR Order of Devoted Service of Sarawak - Darjah Jasa Bakti Sarawak.svg Grand Master of the Order of Meritorious Service to Sarawak (JBS)
 * MY-SAR Medal of Public Administration - Pingat Pentadbiran Awam.svg Grand Master of the Most Exalted Order of the Star of Sarawak (PPA)
 * Malacca :
 * MY-MAL Exalted Order of Malacca.svg Grand Commander of the Premier and Exalted Order of Malacca (DUNM) – Datuk Seri Utama
 * Penang :
 * MY-PEN Order of the Defender of State - Knight Grand Commander - DUPN.svg Knight Grand Commander of the Order of the Defender of State (DUPN) – Dato' Seri Utama
 * Perlis :
 * MY-PERL Order of the Crown of Perlis - Knight Grand Commander - SPMP.svg Knight Grand Commander of the Order of the Crown of Perlis (SPMP) – Dato' Seri (1979)
 * Sabah :
 * MY-SAB Order of Kinabalu - SPDK.svg Grand Commander of the Order of Kinabalu (SPDK) – Datuk Seri Panglima

title: Abang Muhammad Salahuddin


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Bert Karlsson

Bert Willis Karlsson (born 21 June 1945) is a Swedish record company manager, entrepreneur, and former politician (Member of Parliament 1991–1994) and front figure of the New Democracy (Ny Demokrati) party.

As the owner and manager of the record company Mariann Grammofon AB, Karlsson became a familiar face to the Swedish public as the man behind singer Carola Häggkvist. In 1984 he started Skara Sommarland, a theme park.

In 1991, Karlsson and count Ian Wachtmeister started the populist political party New Democracy. Attracting major media attention, and with a patriotic platform, the party received 6.7 percent of the vote in the parliamentary election in September. With no previous political experience, Karlsson suddenly found himself elected to the Riksdag as a Member of Parliament.

When the New Democracy party imploded due to internal struggles and failed in the 1994 general election, Karlsson went back to being a full-time businessman. He has started the popular Swedish reality television show Fame Factory, (a programme somewhat similar to the British show Pop Idol), in which he played an important role. Many Mariann artists have entered Melodifestivalen, the Swedish qualifications for the Eurovision Song Contest. From 1978 to 2005, approximately 120 songs from Karlsson's record company competed, and 14 of these went on to represent Sweden in the Eurovision Song contest. Mariann artists include Herreys and Charlotte Perrelli, who went on to win the Eurovision Song Contest (1984 and 1999, respectively).

In March 2005, Karlsson filled out an application for membership in the Liberal People's Party during a television interview. When the party immediately responded with criticism of him, calling the move a media stunt, he did not go through with his application.

Karlsson was a judge in the first five seasons of the TV show Talang on TV4, the Swedish version of America's Got Talent, between 2007 and 2011.

title: Bert Karlsson


text:
National Archive of Computerized Data on Aging

The National Archive of Computerized Data on Aging (NACDA), located within ICPSR, is funded by the National Institute on Aging (NIA). NACDA's mission is to advance research on aging by helping researchers to profit from the under-exploited potential of a broad range of datasets.

NACDA acquires and preserves data relevant to gerontological research, processing as needed to promote effective research use, disseminates them to researchers, and facilitates their use. By preserving and making available the largest library of electronic data on aging in the United States, NACDA offers opportunities for secondary analysis on major issues of scientific and policy relevance.

Description
A program within the Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research (ICPSR) at the University of Michigan. The NACDA collection consists of over sixteen hundred datasets relevant to gerontological research and represents the world's largest collection of publicly available research data on the aging lifecourse.

History
The NACDA Program on Aging began in 1976 under the sponsorship of the United States Administration on Aging (AoA). At that time NACDA was seen as a novel experiment - neither the concept of a research archive devoted to aging issues nor the idea of making research data freely available to the public were well established. Over the years, NACDA’s mission has changed both in scope and in direction. Originally conceived as a storehouse for data, NACDA has aggressively pursued a role of increasing involvement in the research community by actively promoting and distributing data. In 1984, the NIA became the sponsor of the National Archive of Computerized Data on Aging, and NACDA has flourished under its support. Over the years, NACDA has evolved and grown in response to changes in technology. In many instances, leading the pace of change in methodology related to the storage, protection, and distribution of data.

NACDA was one of the first organizations to develop and release studies on CD-ROM. NACDA was also one of the first archives to experiment with the idea of offering electronic research data as a public good, free to all interested individuals at no charge. The initial collection of 28 public use datasets first offered on the internet in 1992 has now expanded to over 1,600 datasets that are freely available to any researcher. The entire collection is stored online at the NACDA website, offering immediate access to gerontological researchers.


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1963–64 NHL season

The 1963–64 NHL season was the 47th season of the National Hockey League. Six teams each played 70 games. The Toronto Maple Leafs won their third consecutive Stanley Cup by defeating the Detroit Red Wings four games to three in the final series.

Offseason
The biggest trade of the offseason took place in June 1963, with the New York Rangers and the Montreal Canadiens swapping starting goaltenders. Ranger Gump Worsley went to Montreal, along with Dave Balon, Leon Rochefort and minor-leaguer Len Ronson, for six-time Vezina Trophy winner Jacques Plante – whose relationship with Canadiens' coach Toe Blake had seriously soured – along with Don Marshall and Phil Goyette. Among other noteworthy transactions was the Boston Bruins drafting former Norris Trophy winner Tom Johnson from Montreal. Howie Young of the Red Wings, who'd likewise worn out his welcome in Detroit, was traded to the Chicago Black Hawks for goaltender Roger Crozier, who would make an immediate impact in Detroit. Billy Reay, the former coach of the Maple Leafs who had been coaching the Buffalo Bisons of the American Hockey League, was named coach of the Black Hawks, a position he would hold for a record thirteen seasons.

At the league meeting on June 5, the governors noted the death of William Northey, who had died in April at age 92, and established a memorial on behalf of Montreal Children's Hospital in Northey's name. It was announced at the league's October 4 meeting that Ron Andrews would replace Ken McKenzie, whose work as publisher and editor of The Hockey News was taking priority, as the NHL's director of publicity. Furthermore, the waiver rules were liberalized, so that a player not on the 20-man protected list submitted in June could be dispatched to the minors without clearing waivers.

The 17th National Hockey League All-Star Game was held on October 5 in Toronto and resulted in a 3–3 tie between the Stanley Cup champion Maple Leafs and the NHL All-Stars. Frank Mahovlich, who scored on two of Toronto's goals and assisted on the third, was named Most Valuable Player. Stan Mikita of the Black Hawks, the First Team All-Star center, at the time unsigned, was not permitted to play. Unusually, six All-Stars were named from the Boston Bruins – John Bucyk, Leo Boivin, Murray Oliver, Dean Prentice, Doug Mohns and Tom Johnson – the most of any other team, although the Bruins had finished the 1963 season in last place.

Regular season
Plante made his debut as a Ranger on October 9 against Chicago, losing 3–1 and being cut by an elbow from Black Hawk Johnny McKenzie. He fared no better four nights later in the home opener in Montreal against the Canadiens, losing 6–2 in the Forum while the fans both applauded and jeered their former goaltender.

While Mikita signed his contract in time for the start of the season, star defenceman Carl Brewer of the Maple Leafs was a holdout and claimed he was going to retire from hockey to attend the University of Toronto; contract terms were agreed upon by the end of October.

Montreal defeated the Red Wings 6–4 in Detroit, but the highlight of the game was Gordie Howe scoring his 544th goal to tie Maurice Richard's all-time career goal scoring mark and he drew a five-minute ovation from the capacity crowd.

Toronto defeated Montreal 6–3 at Maple Leaf Gardens on October 30 in a penalty-filled game; the most prominent fight featured Canadien Terry Harper and Maple Leaf Bob Pulford who drew fighting majors. There were two lasting consequences; Canadien goaltender Gump Worsley badly pulled his hamstring in the match and was eventually replaced by Charlie Hodge for the remainder of the season. Furthermore, on November 8, Maple Leaf Gardens became the first arena in the NHL to have separate penalty boxes installed.

The first penalty shot of the season was taken on November 3, with the Canadiens defeating the Rangers 5–3 in Madison Square Garden. Don Marshall, having been tripped by Jean Beliveau of Montreal, took the shot, but Canadien goaltender Charlie Hodge made the save. Nonetheless, the Rangers' management was not happy with the officiating of referee Vern Buffey, and called for the removal of referee-in-chief Carl Voss, a demand rejected by league president Clarence Campbell.

Detroit defeated the Canadiens 3–0 on November 10. Famously, two longtime career records were set in this match. Gordie Howe scored a shorthanded goal on Charlie Hodge for his 545th career goal, breaking Maurice Richard's record. Further, Detroit netminder Terry Sawchuk recorded his 94th career NHL shutout, tying him with George Hainsworth as the all-time NHL shutout leader. Howe would hold the all-time career goalscoring record for thirty seasons until broken by Wayne Gretzky in 1994, while Sawchuk would hold the all-time shutout record for forty-five seasons, when it was broken in 2009 by Martin Brodeur.

By late November it was clear to Ranger management that Doug Harvey had lost his form entirely and was given his release. He finished out the season in the AHL with the Quebec Aces.

Another career milestone fell on December 4, when Andy Hebenton of the Bruins broke the all-time career iron man streak, playing in his 581st consecutive game, to surpass Johnny Wilson's mark. He would extend the streak to 630 games, his last in the NHL, while continuing his career in the minors, where he would play ten more straight seasons without missing a match.

An unusual record fell on December 12, in a Montreal–New York match won 6–4 by the Canadiens. Dave Balon and Gilles Tremblay of Montreal and Camille Henry of the Rangers scored goals within a frame of eighteen seconds, setting a mark for the fastest three goals by two teams.

In a game on December 22 when Montreal exploded for five goals in nine minutes of the second period in a 6–1 win against Detroit, Canadien Jean Beliveau scored a goal to make him the highest scoring center in league history.

Rookie Detroit goaltender Roger Crozier, substituting for injured Terry Sawchuk, recorded his second shutout against Boston on January 7. Only 7,000 fans attended in Boston Garden to see the last place Bruins play, chanting "We shall overcome" to register their opinion on their team's performance.

On January 18, Terry Sawchuk broke George Hainsworth's NHL career shutout record with his 95th in a 2–0 win over Montreal. That same night, cellar dwelling Boston staggered the Maple Leafs 11–0 in Toronto, Andy Hebenton and Dean Prentice each scoring hat tricks.

On February 1, Montreal forward Bobby Rousseau scored five goals against Detroit in a 9–3 whipping of the Red Wings, one behind the league record for a single game and the first time five goals had been scored by a player in a single match in nearly a decade.

A trade rumored most of the season finally took place on February 22 when the New York Rangers traded Andy Bathgate – whom the Maple Leafs had coveted for some time – and Don McKenney to Toronto in exchange for Dick Duff, Bob Nevin, Arnie Brown, Bill Collins and Rod Seiling. Ranger fans did not like the deal and in the next game chants of "Muzz must go!" were heard, referring to Muzz Patrick, the Rangers' general manager. However, Bathgate – his days as a scoring star through – and McKenney both would be gone from Toronto by the end of the next season, while Seiling, Nevin and Brown would star for the Rangers for many years to come.

Several players scored their 200th goal in the season, with Camille Henry of the Rangers scoring his against Boston on October 20, Bobby Hull of the Black Hawks against the Rangers on December 11, Dean Prentice of the Bruins against the Hawks on December 12, as well as George Armstrong and Frank Mahovlich.

Goaltender Eddie Johnston played every minute of all 70 games for the Boston Bruins, the last time in NHL history a goaltender played every minute of every game.

The regular season title was secured by the Canadiens after Chicago, which had a substantial lead halfway through the season, played little better than .500 hockey the rest of the way; a Habs' 2–1 win against the Rangers on the road the last game of the season was needed to nose ahead of the Black Hawks, which had never to that date finished first in the league standings.

Playoffs
For the first time since the league began using the best-of-seven playoff format in 1939, all three series went the full seven games.

Semifinals
The playoffs had the same match-ups as the previous season in each round with the two Canadian teams, Toronto and Montreal, and two American teams, Detroit and Chicago meeting in Semifinals. As with the previous season, the Maple Leafs ousted the Canadiens and the Red Wings again defeated the Black Hawks.

Scoring leaders
Note: GP = Games played, G = Goals, A = Assists, Pts = Points, PIM = Penalties in minutes

Leading goaltenders
Note: GP = Games played; Min = Minutes played; GA = Goals against; GAA = Goals against average; W = Wins; L = Losses; T = Ties; SO = Shutouts

Coaches

 * Boston Bruins: Milt Schmidt
 * Chicago Black Hawks: Billy Reay
 * Detroit Red Wings: Sid Abel
 * Montreal Canadiens: Toe Blake
 * New York Rangers: Red Sullivan
 * Toronto Maple Leafs: Punch Imlach

Debuts
The following is a list of players of note who played their first NHL game in 1963–64 (listed with their first team):

 * Gary Dornhoefer, Boston Bruins
 * Ted Irvine, Boston Bruins
 * Phil Esposito, Chicago Black Hawks
 * Roger Crozier, Detroit Red Wings
 * Ted Harris, Montreal Canadiens
 * John Ferguson, Montreal Canadiens
 * Yvan Cournoyer, Montreal Canadiens
 * Jimmy Roberts, Montreal Canadiens
 * Gilles Villemure, New York Rangers
 * Jim Pappin, Toronto Maple Leafs
 * Ron Ellis, Toronto Maple Leafs

Last games
The following is a list of players of note that played their last game in the NHL in 1963–64 (listed with their last team):
 * Andy Hebenton, Boston Bruins
 * Jerry Toppazzini, Boston Bruins
 * Ed Litzenberger, Toronto Maple Leafs

Broadcasting
Hockey Night in Canada on CBC Television televised Saturday night regular season games and Stanley Cup playoff games. Games were not broadcast in their entirety until the 1968–69 season, and were typically joined in progress, while the radio version of HNIC aired games in their entirety.

This was the fourth consecutive season that the NHL did not have an American national broadcaster until the 1965–66 season.

title: 1963–64 NHL season


text:
File:Castle of Frankenstein (issue 10 - front cover).jpg

Summary
Castle of Frankenstein cover


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Americablog

Americablog (stylized as blog) was an American liberal blog founded by John Aravosis in April 2004, with several co-bloggers. The blog helped expose Jeff Gannon in 2005, and in 2006 helped make cell phone privacy an issue by obtaining General Wesley Clark's call records. The blog focused on U.S. politics.

Members

 * John Aravosis, lawyer, journalist, Democratic political consultant, and civil rights advocate who served five years as the senior foreign policy adviser to United States Senator Ted Stevens (R-AK), and wrote as a stringer for the Economist.
 * Joe Sudbay, Democratic political consultant and former gun control activist, held staff positions with Violence Policy Center, and Handgun Control, Inc.
 * Chris Ryan, who lives in Paris, France.
 * Steven Kyle, a professor in economics at Cornell University.
 * Naomi Seligman, a communications professional from Santa Monica, California.

History
Americablog first received widespread media attention after it revealed that Jeff Gannon, a member of the White House press corps with a reputation for asking "softball" questions at opportune moments for Press Secretary Scott McClellan, was actually James Guckert and had advertised his services as an escort.

In 2006, Aravosis learned that a number of commercial websites were selling people's private cell phone records, and that the practice was legal. In order to publicize what he considered a problem, Aravosis purchased the call records of former presidential candidate and Supreme Allied Commander of NATO General Wesley Clark for $89.95, and then published the records (with the numbers blacked out) on Americablog, bringing the issue widespread attention. In September 2006, California passed a state law banning the practice of pretexting, or pretending to be someone else, used by the websites, with the bill's sponsor specifically citing the Americablog coverage. Clark became an advocate of cell record privacy bills in Congress. Within months, Congress passed a law restricting these records.

In 2011, Aravosis received a tip that British oil giant BP (British Petroleum) was posting falsified photos to its website during the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. He analyzed the photos, then published an article on Americablog proving that the images were doctored electronically. The story received widespread coverage in the media.

Americablog ceased posting new content in February of 2022.

Rankings
A study of blogs and the 2004 U.S. presidential election ranked Americablog as the 18th most popular liberal blog for October–November 2004. In 2005, less than one year after its launch, Americablog was ranked fifth in page views among all political blogs in an analysis done by MyDD. In 2008, PC Magazine ranked Americablog as one of the "20 best political Web sites." At the time, PC Magazine wrote: "You'll want to keep Americablog on your radar." In 2009, Americablog was ranked as one of the top ten political blogs by the Personal Democracy Forum, and as the 23rd most popular political blog by Wikio. In 2010, Technorati ranked Americablog in the top 100 political blogs and top 100 US politics blogs, and in 2013 Pingdom cited Americablog as one of the top 100 blogs. The New York Times includes Americablog among 17 "politics & government" blog that it recommends. And Rolling Stone once wrote of Americablog: "We trust you are all reading Americablog ... you'll be better Amurricans for it."

title: Americablog


text:
Heat-shrink tubing

Heat-shrink tubing (or, commonly, heat shrink or heatshrink) is a shrinkable plastic tube used to insulate wires, providing abrasion resistance and environmental protection for stranded and solid wire conductors, connections, joints and terminals in electrical wiring. It can also be used to repair the insulation on wires or to bundle them together, to protect wires or small parts from minor abrasion, and to create cable entry seals, offering environmental sealing protection. Heat-shrink tubing is ordinarily made of a polyolefin, which shrinks radially (but not longitudinally) when heated, to between one-half and one-sixth of its diameter.

Heat-shrink tubing is manufactured in a multitude of varieties and chemical makeups with the exact composition of each type being dependent on the intended application. From near microscopically-thin-wall tubing to rigid, heavy-wall tubing, each type has precise design and chemical additives that make it suitable for meeting any of a wide variety of environmental demands. Heat-shrink tubing is rated by its expansion ratio, a comparison of the differences in expansion and recovery rate.

Use
The unshrunk tubing is fitted on the wire before making the connection, then slid down to cover the joint after it is made. If the fit is tight, silicone lubricant can be applied without compromising the heat-shrink material. The tubing is then shrunk to wrap tightly around the joint by heating in an oven or with a hot air gun or other source of hot gas flow. Convenient but less consistent methods for shrinking the tube include a soldering iron held close to but not touching the tube, or the heat from a lighter. Uncontrolled heat can cause uneven shrinkage, physical damage and insulation failure, and these methods are not recommended by heatshrink suppliers. If overheated, heat-shrink tubing can melt, scorch or catch fire like any other plastic. Heating causes the tubing to contract to between half and one sixth of its original diameter, depending on the material used, providing a snug fit over irregularly shaped joints. There is also longitudinal shrinking, usually unwanted and to a lesser extent than narrowing, of typically around 6%. The tubing provides good electrical insulation, protection from dust, solvents and other foreign materials, and mechanical strain relief, and is mechanically held in place (unless incorrectly oversized or not properly shrunk) by its tight fit.

Some types of heat-shrink contain a layer of thermoplastic adhesive on the inside to help provide a good seal and better adhesion, while others rely on friction between the closely conforming materials. Heating non-adhesive shrink tube to very near the melting point may allow it to fuse to the underlying material as well.

Heatshrink tubing is sometimes sold in pre-cut lengths, with a solder blob at the center of the length, as this configuration was specified by Daimler-Benz for automotive electrical repairs.

One application that has used heatshrink in large quantities since the early 1970s is the covering of fibreglass helical antennas, used extensively for 27 MHz CB radio. Many millions of these antennas have been coated this way.

Manufacture
Heat-shrink tubing was invented by Raychem Corporation in 1962. It is manufactured from a thermoplastic material such as polyolefin, fluoropolymer (such as FEP, PTFE or Kynar), PVC, neoprene, silicone elastomer or Viton.

The process for making heat-shrink tubing is as follows: First the material is chosen based on its properties. The material is often compounded with other additives (such as colorants, stabilizers, etc.) depending on the application. A starting tube is extruded from the raw material. Next, the tube is taken to a separate process where it is cross-linked, usually through radiation. The cross-linking creates a memory in the tube. Then the tube is heated to just above the polymer's crystalline melting point and expanded in diameter, often by placing it in a vacuum chamber. While in the expanded state it is rapidly cooled. Later, when heated (above the crystalline melting point of the material) by the end user, the tubing shrinks back to its original extruded size.

The material is often cross-linked through the use of electron beams, peroxides, or moisture. This cross-linking creates the memory in the tubing so that it is able to shrink back to its original extruded dimensions upon heating, producing a material called heat-shrink tubing. For outdoor use, heat-shrink tubing often has a UV stabiliser added.

Materials
Different applications require different materials:
 * Elastomeric tubes maintain high flexibility even at low temperatures and meet stringent international specifications. Their operating temperature range is -75 to 150 °C. The material is resistant to many chemicals (including diesel and petrol) and has good resistance to abrasion, even in severe environmental conditions. A common shrink ratio is 2:1.
 * Fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) is a lower-cost alternative to PTFE. It is a versatile electrical insulator and is inert to most chemicals and solvents. Additionally, it is highly resistant to extreme heat, cold, and ultraviolet radiation, making it an excellent material for heat-shrink tubing applications.
 * Polyolefin tubes, the most common kind, have maximum continuous-use temperatures from -55 to 135 °C, and are used by the military, aerospace and railway industries. They are flexible and fast-shrinking, and manufactured in a wide range of colors (including clear), which can be used for color-coding wires. With the exception of black, they tend to have lower resistance to ultraviolet light; accordingly, only black is recommended for outdoor applications. Polyolefin tubing shrinks at 143 °C. Polyolefin heat-shrink tubing typically shrinks 2:1 diametrically, but high-grade polyolefin heat-shrink is also available with a 3:1 ratio. Polyolefin tubing may withstand being touched with a soldering iron.
 * PVC tubes are usually lower cost than other materials. PVC takes colors exceptionally well and is available in nearly unlimited colors both opaque and transparent. PVC can be used outdoors with the addition of a UV stabilizer. PVC heat-shrink tends to burn if touched with a soldering iron.
 * Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) tubes are intended for high temperature applications.
 * Silicone rubber offers excellent resistance to scrape abrasion and high flexibility. Its operating temperature range is -50 to 200 °C
 * PTFE (fluoropolymer) tubes have a wide operating temperature range (-55 to 175 °C), a low coefficient of friction, and high resistance to chemicals and punctures.
 * Viton, another fluoropolymer with high chemical resistance, is widely used in hydraulic equipment. It is highly flexible, with a very wide operating temperature range of -55 to 220 °C, making it suitable for protecting sensitive devices against heat.

Other special materials exist, offering qualities such as resistance to diesel and aviation fuels, and there is also woven fabric, providing increased abrasion resistance in harsh environments.

Types
Heat-shrink tubing is available in a variety of colors for color-coding of wires and connections. In the early twenty-first century heat-shrink tubing started to be used for PC modding to tidy up the interior of computers and provide an appearance considered pleasing. In response to this opening market, manufacturers started producing heat-shrink tubing in luminous and UV reactive varieties.

Although usually used for insulation, heat-shrink tubing with a conductive lining is also available, for use on joints which are not soldered.

Specialty heat-shrink tubing, known as "solder sleeves", have a tube of solder inside of the heat-shrink tubing, allowing the heat source to electrically join the two wires by melting the solder and simultaneously insulate the junction with the tubing. Solder sleeves also commonly contain a ring of heat-activated sealant on the inside of each end of the tubing, allowing the connection to also be made waterproof.

Heat-shrink end caps, closed at one end, are used to insulate the exposed cut ends of insulated wires.

Main standards and certificates
UL224-2010

SAE AS23053

ASTM D 2671

ASTM D3150

VW-1

title: Heat-shrink tubing


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Hot Springs, Virginia

Hot Springs is a census-designated place (CDP) in Bath County, Virginia, United States. The population as of the 2010 Census was 738. It is located about 5 mi southwest of Warm Springs on U.S. Route 220.

Hot Springs has several historic resorts, for the springs helped develop Bath County.

History
Since at least the mid 18th century, travelers came to use the springs. Thomas Bullitt built the first inn to accommodate them in 1766 and Dr. Thomas Goode later expanded it. The most prominent modern resort, The Homestead, traces its origin to this inn. Mustoe House, The Yard, Barton Lodge, Switchback School, and Garth Newel are also listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

In 1943, during World War II, The Homestead hosted a United Nations conference which implemented the foundation of Food and Agriculture Organization.

From December 1941 until June 1942, following the United States' entry into World War II, the Homestead served as a high-end internment camp for 785 Japanese diplomats and their families until they could be exchanged through neutral channels for their American counterparts. The diplomats were later transferred to the Greenbrier Hotel in West Virginia.

Hot Springs was once the terminus of the Chesapeake & Ohio Railroad's Hot Springs Branch, which extended from Covington in Alleghany County to Hot Springs in large part passenger service to serve the resort in Hot Springs, though other customers were served, including lumber companies. There was a turntable in Hot Springs that reversed the train for the return trip back. The C&O once considered extending the line into West Virginia to serve the logging industry, but decided to build its Greenbrier Division in West Virginia instead. By 1975 the C&O abandoned the branch line, and a tourist railroad, the Allegany Central, was to start. However, the Homestead resort decided it no longer wanted the railroad or the tourist line to extend to Hot Springs, so the rails were torn up to the Bath County line. In 1984 the tourist railroad ended and a rail trail, Jackson River Scenic Trail was subsequently built on the line in Alleghany County but was not extended by Bath County to Hot Springs to follow the full length of C&O's Hot Springs Branch. One of the original steam engines that served the Hot Springs Branch is preserved in Covington, Virginia.

Climate
Hot springs has a humid continental climate of type (Dfb) bordering on type (Dfa). It also borders on a humid subtropical climate (Cfa).

title: Hot Springs, Virginia


text: User talk:83.129.57.182

title: User talk:83.129.57.182


text:
Kent Douglas

Kent Gemmell Douglas (February 6, 1936 – April 12, 2009) was a Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman and coach.

Early career
Douglas started his career with the Kitchener Canucks in the Ontario Hockey Association. He spent two seasons with the Canucks and eight seasons in the American Hockey League and the Western Hockey League with the Springfield Indians, Winnipeg Warriors and the Vancouver Canucks. In Springfield, Douglas came under the tutelage of Hall of Famer Eddie Shore, the then owner of the Indians. There, Douglas learned Shore's tough defensive style of play which contributed to the Indians three consecutive Calder Cup championships from 1960 to 1962.

Later years
In 1962–63, Douglas made his first trip to the National Hockey League. He played with the Toronto Maple Leafs and continued his aggressive style of play during his rookie season in the NHL. In 70 games, Douglas recorded 22 points and 105 PIM. The Leafs, that year, made it to the Stanley Cup Finals, where they played the Detroit Red Wings. Toronto defeated the Red Wings in five games, giving Douglas a Stanley Cup in his first season in the NHL. Douglas was also awarded the Calder Memorial Trophy as rookie of the year in the NHL, making him the first defenceman to do so. The following season, Douglas split his time between the Leafs and the Rochester Americans of the AHL. He played 41 games with the Leafs and 27 games with the Americans that season. In his 41 games with the Leafs, he recorded only one point.

Douglas remained with the Leafs organization through the 1966–67 but was not a member of the 1964 and 1967 Stanley Cup teams, as he was assigned to Rochester of the AHL for the playoffs in those two years. In the 1967 expansion draft, Douglas was claimed by the California Seals in the 1967 NHL Expansion Draft. The California Seals changed their name before the start of the 1967-68 season to the Oakland Seals. Douglas played 40 games with the Seals before being traded to the Detroit Red Wings. Douglas played the remainder of the season and the 1968–69 season with the Red Wings. He was sent down to the AHL again the following year with the Rochester Americans. Douglas stayed in the AHL for the next three seasons, making the Calder Cup Finals with the Baltimore Clippers in 1971–72. In 1972–73 Douglas joined the New York Raiders in the World Hockey Association. Douglas played one season with the Raiders before returning to the minor leagues once again. He played three more seasons before retiring.

Douglas died of cancer in 2009 at the age of 73.

Awards and achievements

 * Calder Cup Championships (1960, 1961, & 1962)
 * AHL First All-Star Team (1962)
 * Eddie Shore Award (1962)
 * Calder Memorial Trophy (1963)
 * Played in NHL All-Star Game (1962, 1963 & 1964)
 * Stanley Cup Championship (1963)
 * AHL Second All-Star Team (1971)

title: Kent Douglas


text:
Talk:Aesti

Future edits
Please no "personal research", that fits your Estonian made-up narratives. While it might be fun to make such claims, they are essentially on the same level that Russians are making in regards to Ukrainians and now Ukrainians in regards to Russians, which is fun...(especially the claims from Ukrainians that Russians had Finnic canibal ancestry) There was Danish Estland located in territory of modern Estonia ~1000 years ago and this is where Estonia and Estonians are getting their name. There is no relation between Danish Estland and Aestia - other than that both of the names are derived from Germanic name of meaning for EAST.

Here are the key points: Suebi(NOT SWEDES!!!) and Suebian sea: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suebi Swedes has no importance for locating Aesti. Even more - Swedes were not located West from Estonia during the Tacitus, but if we really need to be nitpicky about it, then Suiones at that time were located in Skone area. While there might be argument about islands, that only Estonia have them, Baltic shore has been changing over time and dune spits that are now established as connected to the land were not such in the past. However islands here are subjective argument and many things can be perceived by islands in the past. Regardless, Vistula Spit during different times could have been consisting of islands and even spit could have been considered as island. As for Estonian islands - they might not have been considered as islands, but lands, as they are massive. While we can "see" islands in Google, nothing of that type of technology was available 2000 years ago.

The most defining argument about location of Aesti has always been AMBER, that ONLY Aesti used for trade that was brought to Roman Empire. Amber in Kaliningrad oblast(Russian part of Prussia) even today is available in such quantities that it can still be extracted in industrial scale. Nothing of that is possible anywhere else - not even in neighbouring countries and not to mention Estonia, where finding amber would be equal to news of sight of meteorite.

So, in conclusion: Aesti were ancient Prusians, who lived east of Suebians, who traded amber and that is the only reason why they are known to Romans. While Estonian narrative is built on location,

There is even much later accounts of Prussians named as Aesti by Wulfstan of Hedeby: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wulfstan_of_Hedeby The only "uncertainty" in regards to what Aesti means seems to be only in modern times. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 88.111.113.79 (talk) 09:50, 28 May 2023 (UTC)

Untitled
The Estonian word for "Estonia" is "Eesti." Similar to Aesti... any significance? --Vix05 19:48, 9 November 2007 (UTC)

 * Frankly, no - other than that Aest and Est have common development from Germanic languages with meaning East and Aest was more archaic form.
 * No one was calling Estonians specifically as Estonians(they had some other names) before Danish colony Estland, which is about 1000 years later than Aesti were mentioned. So, Estonia is not named after Estonians, but Estonians are named after Estland. 88.111.113.79 (talk) 08:30, 28 May 2023 (UTC)

Untitled
Good article; I'm glad to see that someone wrote about this. I cleaned it up a little and added a reference to the Nordic Bronze Age, in order to make it clear that the Baltic amber trade went back much further than Roman times. I'd prefer if we could be clear on which language Tacitus said theirs was related to; I'm assuming the Celtic languages of Britain but I need to check the original passage. - --Breadhat 16:49, 26 August 2005 (UTC)

Untitled
I copied latin text about Aesti from book, since I don`t know latin I might have misspelled something - if so I`m sorry for that

''"Aesti etiam mare scutantur

''...Dextor Suebici maris litore Aestiorum gentes alluuntur, quibus ritus habitusque Sueoborum, lingua Britannicae propior. Matrem deum venerantur. Insigne superstitionis formas aprorum gestant; id pro armis omnique tutela securum deae cultorem etiam inter hostes praestat. Rarus apud eos ferri, frequens fustium usus. Frumenta ceterosque fructus patientius quam pro solita Germanorum intertia laborant.

''Sed et marescruntantur, ac soli omnium sucinum, quod ipsi glaesum vocant, inter vada atque ipso in litore legunt. Nec quae natura aut quae ratio gignat, ut barbaris, quaestium compertumve est; diu inter cetera eiectamenta maris lacebat glaesum istud, donec luxuria nostra dedit nomen. Ipsis in nullo usu est: rude legitur, informe perfertur mirantes accipiunt.

''Sucus tamen arborum fortasse est, quia terrena quaedam atque etiam volucria animalia pelerumque interlucent, quae implicata humore mox direscente materia cluduntur. Fecundiora igitur nemora lucosque sicut Orientis, ita Occidentis insulis terrisque inesse crediderim, ubi tura balsamaque sudantur, quae vicini solis radiis expressa atque liquentia in proximum mare labuntur ac vi tempestatum in adversa litora exundant. Si naturum sucini admoto igni temptes, in modum taedae accenditur alitque flammam pinguem et olentem; mox in picem lentescit." '' Xil 11:17, 11 November 2005 (UTC)

Ostimii
I found a book that suggests the Osismii or Ostimii of Strabo and Pytheas were the Aestii. It is a good theory and I wrote a section for this article based on it. However it is not a compelling theory and after looking the material on the Celtic Osismii I changed my mind. So, I am deleting most of that section, which I had under Strabo and replacing it with a note giving that view and that references. I am not restoring the entire article however partly because of its inaccuracies which I corrected and also because it needs expansion and I did set up for expansion.Dave (talk) 15:02, 21 March 2008 (UTC)

Maps
I've been WP:BOLD and removed two User created maps as they are essentially OR. The map "Germaniae veteris typus" remains as a published map showing the possible location of the Aesti. --Martin (talk) 10:15, 21 April 2011 (UTC)

 * Those maps were perfectly valid, they are used on dozens of other Wikipedia articles. I'm putting them back. --Hibernian (talk) 15:16, 25 March 2013 (UTC)

Modern DNA analysis
What 'modern DNA analysis' section has to do with Aesti? I can't see any connection. Minnekon (talk) 11:23, 19 July 2014 (UTC)
 * Genetic research confirms that certain markers are common among Eastern European populations regardless of ethnicity. The Y-chromosome SNP haplogroup indicates closeness between Lithuanian, Latvian, and Estonian populations, however, other haplotypes suggest distinct demographic histories.

I took that out as it's not about article subject. Also removed "See also": Narva culture (5300 to 1750 BC) for same reason. --Minnekon (talk) 20:24, 10 September 2015 (UTC)

Pronunciation
Is the Latin name Aesti pronounced \ah-YES-tee\, or \ASS-tee\? —Michael Z. 2019-12-11 15:56 z

Reference removed
One referenced statement is removed by user:Ke an. See: Special:Diff/957178056--Estopedist1 (talk) 11:05, 18 May 2020 (UTC)
 * I have restored it. Now he can explain the removal as per WP:BRD Alcaios (talk) 11:36, 18 May 2020 (UTC)
 * Anyway, I have just read the source and it is exactly what it is saying, so there's no legitimate rationale behind that edit in my opinion. Alcaios (talk) 11:39, 18 May 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Aesti


text:
Talk:Americablog

Discussion
With an alexa ranking over 50K, this website doesn't seem overly notable. However the article asserts widespread media coverage. Perhaps citing some sources for this would help establish why this website is important. Friday (talk) 16:44, 26 August 2005 (UTC)

The social networking rank of #36 is much more significant than the Alexa rank which is probably low because the blog is hosted on blogspot and alexa does not break out the individual blogspot traffic, take a look at the americablog.blogspot.com traffic. Americablog is regularly quoted on CNN and other mainstream media outlets. --Gorgonzilla 00:28, 27 August 2005 (UTC)

More important than the social network rank is the fact that Americablog outed Ari Fleicher's suspiciously convenient shill as a homosexual prostitute. That is probably the most controversial blog incident to date, both the fact that there was a fake news outlet in the WH press corps and the fact that it was staffed by a guy advertising his services as a gay prostiutute. It is probably also the most significant story that originated from original blog reporting to date. The Drudge/Lewinsky thing was to pre-empt Isikof at Time, the CBS memogate thing was a comentary on CBS reporting (and the blogosphere mostly failed to ask the question of provenance which was the real issue). --Gorgonzilla 12:55, 28 August 2005 (UTC)

PC Magazine called Americablog one of the top 20 political Web sites of 2008, and the Personal Democracy Forum ranked Americablog among the top 10 political blogs in January 2009. --Lbjsunset (talk) 14:53, 6 May 2009 (UTC)

Actually, the Web site outed Jeff Gannon, not Ari Fleischer
Ari Fleischer was the former White House press secretary. Americablolg uncovered that Republican White House correspondent Jeff Gannon (aka James Guckert) had worked as a prostitute, not Ari Fleischer. PPmana 03:49, 21 May 2006 (UTC)

Heads up, someone is editing this profile to take revenge on the blog
Someone has been posting "updates" to this blog profile, and the blogger's personal profile John Aravosis, over the past few days simply because they're ticked at the blogger for something that happened two days ago. The person already got a 'weasel word' warning for his/her posts on both entries. The person is now deleting entire sourced sections of both wiki entries, and replacing the deleted sections with biased unsourced paragraphs about this supposed incident. I've been trying to keep track of their edits, but now they're demanding I be banned for doing so. If you can, please keep an eye on these two profiles. Obviously, don't believe me - just click through the "history" and you'll see what's going on - compare the revisions and do what you do best, keep things fair. Thanks. PPmana 16:35, 21 May 2006 (UTC)

 * My paragraphs predate additions by PPmana (who deleted my text), which he claims I am "replacing." This guy is a total liar. Bds yahoo 17:49, 21 May 2006 (UTC)

Actually, as I stated already, everyone is welcome to visit the history of this entry and read for themselves what Bbds Yahoo has been writing and what I have been writing, and judge for yourselves who is playing games and who is adding serious content. As for your paragraphs predating mine, yes, they do, and? You came to this person's wiki entries about him by name and about his blog with the desire to slur him for revenge over a post two days ago on his blog that you didn't like. I saw what you were doing and have been correcting your weasel word posts. Per se "corrections" come after the initial content is written. So, yes, your posts were before mine, and they're wrong, unsourced, biased, and personally motivated. Again, no one needs to take my or your word for it - they can read the history of the page and compare for themselves what you and I have written PPmana!

 * PPmana, I agree to the latest revisions you have made. I think they are pretty evenhanded. Okay? So can we end this edit war? Bds yahoo 01:42, 22 May 2006 (UTC)

I deleted the blog link that was reinserted as related posts and comments have been direclty sourced, and the actual commenters have been given voice. --zphyche 17:40, 22 May 2006 (UTC)

 * Bds yahoo, I am responding to your question in the talk page on the John Aravosis article (14:15, 23 May 2006). For both articles I have noted that I deleted the blog link to Shakespeare's Sisters that you reinserted because the related posts and comments have been directly sourced, and the actual commenters have been given voice. I find it noteworthy that the Shakespeare sister link begins with a link to the newly created, low-traffic, "attack" blog, which is utterly, comprehensively biased.  Furthermore, I believe the objections of commenters to the "big girl" blog post is quite narrow in focus, and personally, I do not find it worthy of inclusion in either article; however, it has been included, and the sources that have been provided tell the story directly.  I do not believe that adding a link to the low-traffic Shakespeare's Sisters blog, which begins with a link to the very brand new, very vengeful site, adds to the Americablog or John Aravosis articles, other than to serve as a back-door approach for leading viewers to a brand new site designed with the intent to seek revenge.  I find the attempt to use wiki as a means of promoting such a site both biased and inappropriate.  I also find the issue far too narrow for inclusion at all, yet here it is.  The story has been told, and links to the comments have been included.  zphyche 16:42, 23 May 2006 (UTC)

Reliable sources
I'm concerned that the criticsm section is not well enough sourced; 'criticism' section seems to be sourced to a blog by someone who does not appear to be particularly significant or notable and to comments on the post. I don't think the criticism is significant unless it has been reported on by reliable external sources, for example newspapers or notable critics. -- Naerii  03:22, 29 March 2008 (UTC)
 * As no one has improved the sources, I am removing the section. -- Naerii  15:03, 30 March 2008 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 2 external links on Americablog. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20061121044531/http://www.commondreams.org/headlines06/0113-08.htm to http://www.commondreams.org/headlines06/0113-08.htm
 * Added to http://www.pcnuke.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/AdamicGlanceBlogWWW.pdf
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20080907162851/http://www.mydd.com/story/2005/2/27/16243/2951 to http://www.mydd.com/story/2005/2/27/16243/2951

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Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 14:59, 3 July 2017 (UTC)

AmericaBlog defunct?
It looks like the most recent article posted to AmericaBlog is from February 2022. Is it defunct, and should we update the tense in the article to reflect that? Ben (talk) 10:11, 20 February 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Americablog