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User talk:EugeneK

Polish-Soviet War
You mentioned that Polish victory of Polish-Soviet war is commonly disputed. Would you comment on this ? Thanks. --Wojsyl (talk) 18:06, 26 August 2005 (UTC)

 * The dispute about the claim of Polish victory is obvious even from the discussion about the wiki page. Basically, Poland failed to establish a Polish-dominated mega-state in Europe and was repelled from Kiev and most of the Ukraine and Byelorussia. However, it was able to garb parts of Ukraine, Lithuania and Byelorussia, as well as to preserve its own independence. Bolsheviks were able to withstand the Polish offensive and preserve their state (remember, the conflict coincided with a civil war and a massive multi-national assault on the Bolshevik regime) and to get control of most of the Ukraine and Byelorussia. By the end of the war both countries seemingly expanded their influence at the expense of the tird nations.
 * Moreover, Polish losses, as mentioned on the page, by far exceeded those of the Bolsheviks, while, probably, not even including the losses of pro-Polish Ukrainians. The claims of moral victory (“little Poland stood up to big Russia”) are also questionable, because the Russia at the time was essentially a non-existent state, tied up in multiple conflicts, with an irregular army (parts of which shifted alliances in battles) led by amateur commanders, and with no regular industry or lines of supplies. It faced an army led by skilled professionals and assisted by major powers of the time. Not surprisingly, Russian communists always portrait the Polish conflict as a great success. Since of the two major warring parties both claimed the victory, the statement that Polish victory is commonly disputed sounds like a simple fact.
 * PS You are welcome to move the discussion of my comments to my page. This would ensure that I read it in a timely manner.

Firstly, I need to state that my view may be somewhat biased (the Polish way). Anyway, stating that Polish victory in this war is disputed is quite shocking to me. As far as I understand it, the Bolsheviks attacked Poles in the beginning of 1919 but then in the course of war most of their armies were annihilated in the Battle of Warsaw and the remaining two armies retreated. I understand that this may be the question of Russian national pride, but usually the retreating army is the one that was defeated. This war was silently ignored in the official history of Poland in the times when Poland was under Soviet domination after WW2. To me this is clearly the sign the Soviets attempted to hide their defeat. --Wojsyl (talk) 20:07, 26 August 2005 (UTC)

Similarly to the Polish propaganda, Soviet historians always view the Polish assault into Lithuania, Ukraine and Byelorussia as the beginning of the war, while ignoring the earlier minor skirmishes of Bolsheviks with ethnic Poles (even the original wiki page claims that those were spontaneous and did not include regular units). Soviet historians maintained that their country (the leftovers of the Russian Empire under the Bolshevik rule), which was severely weakened by the civil war and foreign intervention, was attacked by the Polish “capitalists” and nationalists, who crossed the boundaries of their ethnic state and also brought a few puppets of Ukrainian origin with them. The international (not just Russian) Red Army, which included Ukrainians and communist “good” Poles (who were the commanders of that army), drove the “bad” Poles farther west than the original border suggested in the pre-war negotiations. Ukraine and Byelorussia were partially liberated and made independent, but then, with a few other newly independent territories, chose to form a union known as the USSR. The army that retreats after a battle is generally believed to have lost the battle. A country that retreats and looses its territory and wealth may be considered a looser in the war. Both armies have retreated and advanced, at least locally, several times, including a Polish retreat up to its capital (Poles won the battle of Warsaw, not the battle of Moscow or St.Petersburg). Both suffered great losses (although the Polish losses were much greater. In fact, the claim that the Red Army was lost in that war does not add up: both armies started with equal numbers on that front, Russian had huge resources of manpower elsewhere, Poles suffered greater losses – who ended up with more soldiers left?). Both were tired (although the Bolsheviks still retained enough force to re-conquer the bulk of the Russian Empire and repel other invaders). Neither lost territory at the end (although by going for the war Poland lost a chance to get a bigger piece of the contested land). Neither gained fully what it wanted. Neither was willing to pursue the war any further. Isn’t it a classical stalemate, regardless of what any propaganda calls it?

The Soviets hardly considered this war as a separate conflict, but rather a part of the civil war that engulfed the former multinational Russian Empire, of which Poland was only a part. The avoidance of the topic by later Polish communists is very understandable, as the war buried the hopes to form a Greater Poland, and most of the Poles fought against their future communist masters. Similarly silently ignored in the Soviet states were all the successful Russian and Soviet wars that “liberated” many of its neighbors (e.g. Caucasus, the Baltic states) against their will.

I can understand that this conflict, being the last chance for Poland to restore its medieval greatness, is a touchy topic for Poles and a hot topic for Polish propaganda, especially at the time when the relationship with its eastern neighbors are at the all-time low. I also understand that the original article was written by Polish patriots who obviously stressed every Polish success and hushed down every setback. But I would like to reiterate that it is a simple statement of the fact that Polish victory in the war is commonly disputed, at least by the people who are aware of a non-Polish viewpoint.

The statement that only the Russians dispute Polish victory is a very misleading one, and you could easily find non-Russians (including yours truly) who are uneasy about an obviously polo-centric nature of the article. If we are to contribute to an international encyclopedia, we have to maintain some objectivity. Please, reverse the statement to “commonly disputed” or, if you prefer to be more objective “stalemate.”

Talking about non-Russians questioning Polish victory: "Perhaps the result should be described as unconclusive?" is a suggestion apparently added to the discussion by the Polish author of the original page.

 * Thanks for discussing this with me. I'm not convinced and will probably continue the discussion on Talk:Polish-Soviet War page. I have reverted my edit as you can see. I'm not sure if "unconclusive" is the best way out either. Both Polish and Russian propaganda claimed the victory. It's hard to judge as long as we are not able to determine the initial goals of each side, and I believe these changed in course of the war. Neither side attained the initial objectives (other than officially claimed "selfdefence"), neither was completely defeated. Both were weak and heavily involved at other theatres in the same time. --Wojsyl (talk) 20:04, 27 August 2005 (UTC)

UA/RU get-togethers at Wikipedia
Hi, again! You might be interested to check out the current WP portals for these countries.

Ukraine portal is located at Wikiportal/Ukraine. Also, take a note at two notice boards which are parts of the portal:
 * Wikiportal/Ukraine/New article announcements and
 * Wikiportal/Ukraine/Ukraine-related Wikipedia notice board, with the latter being for announcements other than new articles.

In similar fashion the Russia Portal (Wikiportal/Russia) and its similar boards at are worth to be added to your watchlist. Adding all four is probably a good idea. Feel free to contact me for any reason.
 * Wikiportal/Russia/New article announcements and
 * Wikiportal/Russia/Russia-related Wikipedia notice board

Also, please don't forget to sign your entries at talk pages by placing four tildes in the end like this: ~. I will copy the discussion above from your talk page to talk:Polish-Soviet War. Пока! --Irpen 01:47, August 28, 2005 (UTC)

Tukhachevsky’s statements
Well, I do not know much of Tukhachevsky, but AFAIK he was partially blaming Stalin, who politically influenced his choice of Soviet commanders for the failure in Polish-Soviet war. He openly criticized Stalin in the 1920-s, later probably kept silent but the animosy continued, eventually he was arrested, tortured and killed on Stalin's order in 1937. His lectures that I'm referring to were given in February 1923 in Red Army Military Academy in Moscow and published at the end of 1923. This was still before Lenin's death, but Lenin was already seriously disabled in 1923. I don't think that Stalin was that powerful at that time as he was in 1930-s, certainly he was fighting for power then and had more strategic enemies, like Trotsky, until 1929, when Trotsky was deported. This IMHO actually adds even more credibitly to Tukhachevsky’s statements, wouldn't you think so ? --Wojsyl (talk) 18:18, 29 August 2005 (UTC)

BTW: if you're further interested in learning how this "Soviet victory" really looked like, you might want to take a peek at 1920 Diary by Isaac Babel, who served in Soviet elite cavalry in the campaign. He obviously never published it during his lifetime. Instead he published another, "official" book about these events that obviously depicted the same story in a completely different way. Both books available in English translation. --Wojsyl (talk) 18:44, 29 August 2005 (UTC)

Indeed, I was using a Polish translation. But now as I look at it the translation into "Poles started their offensive first and our retreat became inevitable" seems more accurate. I should have been more careful with this delicate subject. As I said in the talk page, I'm the one to blame for poor translation (and not the original Polish translator, who did a better job). Anyway, the Tukhachevsky argument in the talk page was ignored and didn't influence the final compromise in the article, so my lack of care in translation from Polish did no harm. --Wojsyl (talk) 19:48, 29 August 2005 (UTC)

Now, looking for Russian language original text, I've found something else that confirms your view that Tukhachevsky was afraid of political leaders (Stalin ? or Trotsky ?): ''Поход на Варшаву стал одновременно «звездным часом» Тухачевского и его «черным днем» в Красной Армии, потерпевшей под руководством молодого командующего фронтом свое самое сокрушительное поражение в гражданской войне. Позднее, в 1923 году, Тухачевский пытался оправдаться в книге «Поход за Вислу», написанной на основе курса лекций в Военной академии РККА. Он признавал свою вину — войну проиграла стратегия, а не политика, военные, а не вожди революции. Попробуй полководец заявить иначе, и его карьера моментально бы закончилась. Не стал бы маршалом Тухачевский, но, как знать, может, миновала бы бывшего подпоручика-лейб-гвардейца горькая чаша унижения и гибели в 37-м.'' --Wojsyl (talk) 20:02, 29 August 2005 (UTC)

Welcome back
...and hope you'll stay around this time. --Irpen 19:20, 8 April 2006 (UTC)
 * Welcome back again. Your contributions to articles would be much welcome here. With some effort the topics around PSW can be slowly NPOVed but more interested editors are needed for that. Writing messages at talk pages and leaving, while useful, is usually not enough with the amount of personal attachment many have towards the coverage of this topic and the proliferation of the practice to use Polonophilic books to claim that the material is soursed.

 * PSW and KO went through much editing lately and I think they are somewhat better now, so it isn't hopeless. --Irpen 05:51, 27 May 2006 (UTC)

I wish I could share your optimism and enthusiasm to sideline my work and family in favor of correcting the mistakes and fabrications on Wiki.. Even if the articles are currently and, probably, temporarily changed, the old and POVed versions have already spread all over the Internet (e.g. http://www.answers.com/topic/polish-soviet-war or http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/enc3/polish-soviet_war). Even the Romanian Wiki version is untouched by the recent corrections. Unfortunately, my written Romanian is inadequate to edit it. It’s only out of extreme annoyance from misleading information in the featured articles that I still get involved in this process. Frankly, I am not even sure whether temporarily improving some of the related articles does any good, since it makes a false impression that the whole project is balanced and historically accurate. I wish you well though.--EugeneK 03:52, 28 May 2006 (UTC)
 * Those mirrors will be updated with time if (the big if) enough editors with different background start editing PL/RU/UA conflict articles. I certainly can't do it on my own. I would not worry about other language wikipedias. Their impact, compared to en-wiki, is negligible. I suggest you edit, rather than simply write at talk and leave. Passive entries at talk are often ignored by opponents since they don't affect the articles' remianing to someone's one's liking. No one can ask you to sideline your family, though.

 * Also, if you want to make the visible point that the articles are one sided and have no time to engage into long edit conflicts with some POV pushers, there is always an option to POV-tag an article and explain the grivances at talk. No one can delete a well-explained tag that will warn the readers. Take a look at PSW and Kiev Offensive. Pity, the former got to mainpage exposure in its current shape but I managed to make some changes to it even while it was at the mainpage. Maybe it was too modest. NPOVing articles is doable but takes time which we have just as much.

 * Its not that Russian and Ukrainian editors are uninterested. It's just that there weren't many good books published on the war in Russian until lately and there is still not much interest. However, I will not be able to do much on my own. Please help if you can. Of course, if you can't, no grudges, I understand, but when you have little time to write at talks, pls edit the articles too. Otherwise, there is a good chance that nothing will happen after your talk page entries. --Irpen 04:39, 28 May 2006 (UTC)

SPI
You have been accused of abusing multiple accounts here. Could you please explain any possible connection. -- DQ  (t)   (e)  14:47, 16 July 2011 (UTC)

title: User talk:EugeneK


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Ocelot movement

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was Speedy delete. HappyCamper 06:03, 27 August 2005 (UTC)

Ocelot movement
Useless and pathetic article.  Thorpe  talk 18:07, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy Delete CAPS LOCK 19:50, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


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Sector, West Virginia

Sector is an unincorporated community in Hampshire County in the U.S. state of West Virginia. It is located along the west bank of the South Branch Potomac River on Fleming-Sector Road (West Virginia Secondary Route 8/3) across the river from the community of Glebe.

Sector grew as a result of its operation of a post office and station on the South Branch Valley Railroad in the early 20th century. On the railroad, it was known as Glebe Station because of its proximity to Glebe. A suspension bridge once connected the two communities via Fleming-Sector Road, but this was repeatedly demolished by a succession of serious floods, most recently in the late 1930s or early 1940s after which it was not rebuilt.

title: Sector, West Virginia


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/ComputerPREP

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete -- Joolz 16:54, 23 September 2005 (UTC)

ComputerPREP
Advertising Groeck 18:07, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * This afd nomination was orphaned. Listing now.  No opinion. —Cryptic (talk) 08:15, 15 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete as per nom. --Jacqui M Schedler 14:10, 15 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Product of company deleted in Votes_for_deletion/Prosoft_Learning_Corporation. If Prosoft Learning Corporation is re-created (and it seems like maybe it should be), redirect. — Phil Welch 23:38, 15 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete - clearly an ad. Mindmatrix 14:24, 16 September 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


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Talk:Northeast Regional

Train numbers
Turboservice was 3001/3002 Turbo last ran 4-28-1973

 * Metroliners

— Preceding unsigned comment added by SPUI (talk • contribs) 17:09, August 31, 2005 (UTC)

Norfolk Service
Amtrak Regional Trains #88 (Weekends), #125 (Weekdays), #157 (Sundays), and #174 (Weekdays) will be extended from their present Richmond, VA - Staples Mill Road terminus to Norfolk, VA through Petersburg, VA starting December 12th. Regional Train #71 (Saturdays) is brand new, originating out of New York Penn Station starting December 15th. Trains will branch off at Staples Mill Road, stopping at Petersburg before proceeding to their final destination at Norfolk.

Is there any way to alter the existing Regional Route Map to handle three branches to accurately reflect this? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 206.83.89.210 (talk • contribs) 06:57, September 21, 2012 (UTC)

title: Talk:Northeast Regional


text:
User:Charles Matthews/Faggen

Darrel Abel - Grant Allen - Robert Alter - Elaine Barry - Gillian Beer - Nicolas Berdayev - Ann Braude - Peter Bowler - Norman T. Burns - Stanley Burnshaw - Carl Burrell - John Burroughs - Sharon Cameron - Edward Clodd - Frederick William Conner - Reginald Cook - Leo Damrosch - Bram Dijkstra - Henry Drummond - A. Hunter Dupree - Margaret Edwards - J. H. Fabre - Robert Faggen - Harold Fisch - Jeanie Frost - Eliza Burt Gamble - William Lloyd Garrison - Franklin Giddings - Charlotte Perkins Gilman - Asa Gray - Clark Griffith - Philip Gura - John Hiers - Hildegard Hoeller - Daniel Hoffman - David Hull - Stanley Jaki - Katherine Kearns - Daniel Kevles - Misia Landau - Robert Langbaum - David Layzer - Sydney Lea - George Levine - Anthony Low - John Lynen - Thayer Mahon - Ronald Martin - Leo Marx - Thomas McLanahan - Louis Mertins - Perry Miller - Ashley Montagu - George Monteiro - Max Oelschlager - Judith Oster - Robert Pack - Jay Parini - Robert Pinsky - Richard Poirier - David Porter - William Prescott - William Pritchard - Richard Proctor - Robert J. Richards - Robert Richardson - E. A. Ross - Guy Rotella - Cynthia Russett - Saint Anthony of Padua - Arthur M. Sampley - Harlow Shapley - Elizabeth Shepley Sergeant - Nathaniel Southgate Shaler - Lawrance Thompson - Frederick Turner - Louis Untermeyer - Hyatt Waggoner - Philip Weiner - Daniel Wilson - Chauncey Wright

title: User:Charles Matthews/Faggen


text:
El Palmillo

El Palmillo is a Mesoamerican Classic Period archaeological site located in the Valley of Oaxaca, associated with the pre-Columbian Zapotec civilization which was centered in the valley and the surrounding highlands of the present-day state of Oaxaca, Mexico. Located on a hilltop in the eastern Tlacolula arm of the valley, El Palmillo is just to the south of the pre-Columbian site of Mitla and to the east of the major Zapotec regional center, Monte Albán.

A major excavation at the site has been ongoing since 1999, led by Dr. Gary Feinman and Linda Nicholas of the Field Museum of Natural History.

title: El Palmillo


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Grom (missile)

The Grom (meaning "thunder" in Polish) is a man-portable air-defense system produced in Poland and based on the Soviet man-portable infrared homing surface-to-air missile (SAM) 9K38 Igla. It consists of a 72 mm anti-aircraft missile set with a flight speed of 650 m/s, as well as a single-use launcher, re-usable gripstock and thermal battery coolant assembly electric unit. The full name of the system is PZR Grom, PZR standing for Przeciwlotniczy Zestaw Rakietowy (literally anti-air rocket-propelled set).

It is designed to target low-flying helicopters and aeroplanes. As such, the Grom missile is used by other surface-to-air defence systems of Polish design, including ZSU-23-4MP Biała, ZUR-23-2 kg and Poprad self-propelled artillery system. It should not be confused with versions of the Zvezda Kh-23 air-to-surface missile built under licence in Yugoslavia/Serbia as the Grom-A and Grom-B.

History

Initially at least since the 1970s the MESKO metal works in Skarżysko-Kamienna mass-produced license-built Soviet Strela-2M (SA-7 Grail) surface-to-air missiles, designated in Poland as Strzała-2M. However, when these became outdated in the late 1980s the lead designers prepared the works to produce a more modern Soviet design, the 9K38 Igla (SA-18 Grouse). However, Poland left the Soviet bloc in 1990 and the license was declined, thus leaving Poland with no modern MANPADS at hand.

Because of that, in late 1992 various Polish works and design bureaus (among them the Zielonka-based Military Institute of Armament Technology, the WAT Military University of Technology and the Skarżysko Rocket Design Bureau) started working on a new Igla-like design. These were allegedly helped by the Polish intelligence services able to buy the design plans of the original 9K38 Igla missile system in the LOMO works in Leningrad (modern St. Petersburg) during the turmoil following the dissolution of the Soviet Union. By 1995 the first batch (marked as GROM-1) entered service. It included a number of imported Russian components. By the late 1990s these were replaced with entirely Poland-designed elements.

On January 1, 2013, Bumar Amunicja manufactured their 2,000th Grom missile set.

Grom was later improved into what became known as the Piorun, with a new seeker and rocket motor.

Design
The system is designed to be operated by one soldier. It consists of a single-stage projectile, a single-use tubular launcher, a starting mechanism, and an on-ground power supply. The rocket projectile uses solid propellant. The infrared aiming sensor is cooled with liquid nitrogen. There are options for identification friend or foe and thermovision.

Operational history
The 'Grom' has been used by Polish Land Forces since 1995. It is also exported to other countries, including Georgia which bought 30 launchers and 100 missiles in 2007. According to press releases during the Russo-Georgian War, Polish-made GROM missiles targeted Russian planes and helicopters 20 times, 12 missiles were fired out of which 9 hit their targets, and most likely shot down a Su-25.

The Indonesian Army bought around 152 Grom missiles as part of Kobra (Aster) V-SHORAD system, including four Poprad mobile launchers, 12 ZUR-23-2 kg-I launchers and 76 missiles delivered in 2007 and the second such system ordered in 2006.

In March 2012, Peru chose the winners of a $140 million competition meant to upgrade its air defence systems, choosing among others 50 Grom launchers and six Poprad mobile launchers. However, there have been no reports of the deal being finalized.

Political relevance
In late 2008, the Russian press made claims that Russian Army personnel had discovered Polish GROM missiles in Chechnya. In response, the Polish press quickly reacted and accused Russia of fabricating evidence to falsely link Poland to the conflict. The Polish press claimed that the missiles had actually been moved by Russians from Georgia to Chechnya.

Current operators

 * Georgia – 30 launchers and 100+ missiles, were used in Russo-Georgian war.
 * 🇮🇩 Indonesia – In use as a part of Aster system.
 * 🇱🇹 Lithuania – 18 launchers bought in 2014, in 2023 another batch worth around $20 million was bought.
 * 🇵🇱 Poland – Around 400 launchers and 2000 missiles of Grom version, 400 missiles of Piorun version, 420 launchers and 1300 missiles of Piorun version on order.

Evaluation only

 * 🇯🇵 Japan – One launcher and five missiles, bought in 2010 for testing.
 * 🇷🇺 Russia – Captured unknown quantity of launchers in Georgia (One launcher was sent to the separatists in Ukraine).
 * 🇺🇸 United States – purchased 120 missiles.

title: Grom (missile)


text: User:NevilleDNZ/globe:earth

title: User:NevilleDNZ/globe:earth


text:
Jim Knipfel

Jim Knipfel (pronounced Kah-nipfel) is an American novelist, autobiographer, and journalist.

A native of Wisconsin, Knipfel, who suffers from retinitis pigmentosa, is the author of three memoirs, Slackjaw, Quitting the Nairobi Trio, and Ruining It for Everybody; as well as two novels, The Buzzing, and Noogie's Time to Shine. He wrote news stories, film and music reviews, the crime blotter, and feature articles until June 13, 2006, for the weekly alternative newspaper New York Press.

He also wrote the long-running "Slackjaw" column for the Press. The first edition of "Slackjaw" appeared on October 25, 1987, in the Welcomat, a Philadelphia weekly (later renamed the Philadelphia Weekly), where he also reviewed restaurants and art exhibits.

Youth and early career
Knipfel was born on June 2, 1965, in Grand Forks, North Dakota on the American air base where his father was then stationed. Before he was a year old, the Knipfel family moved to Green Bay, Wisconsin where his father continued to work for the U.S. Air Force for many years and his mother worked in a variety of jobs. In his teens, he was diagnosed with a rare genetic disease called retinitis pigmentosa, which would progressively render him blind in later years. His first memoir, Slackjaw, chronicles the deterioration of his eyesight.

In his teens, while the family was living in Green Bay, he suffered from bouts of severe depression. Between the ages of 14 and 22, Knipfel tried to kill himself twelve times. After his final suicide attempt he was committed to a locked-door psychiatric ward in Minneapolis, Minnesota, where he spent six months. He recounted his time there in his second memoir. In a Salon.com interview, he expressed bafflement at his multiple attempts at suicide: "I can't explain why I [attempted suicide] so many times, and how I did such a horrible job of it." In a 2003 interview with Leonard Lopate he said he'd found happiness and was too interested in life to attempt suicide again.

He briefly studied physics at the University of Chicago, and then transferred to the University of Wisconsin, Madison, where he majored in philosophy. When Knipfel and a friend nicknamed Grinch formed a campus political party called the Nihilist Workers Party they put together a flier promoting "telephone terrorism" that was published in the University of Wisconsin, Madison's student newspaper The Daily Cardinal without their permission. The prank earned a brief mention in Time magazine in 1987.

Knipfel writes that he planned, attempted, and committed many petty crimes in his youth. He wrote of a failed attempt to steal the corpse of the notorious American killer and graverobber Ed Gein from the graveyard at the Mendota Mental Health Institute in Madison. However, Gein was buried in Plainfield, Wisconsin, some 80 miles north of the hospital where he died.

In 1990, Knipfel moved to Brooklyn, New York with his then-wife Laura. He continued to write his weekly "Slackjaw" column for Philadelphia's Welcomat and tried to get the editor of the alternative weekly New York Press, John Strausbaugh, interested in publishing "Slackjaw", but the Press did not want to share the column with the Welcomat. Knipfel kept "Slackjaw" at the Welcomat out of loyalty to his editor Derek Davis, but he began occasionally contributing articles and music reviews to New York Press;

In 1993, after Davis was pushed out by Welcomat management, Knipfel moved Slackjaw to the New York Press. Shortly thereafter Knipfel became a receptionist at the paper's offices, and later a full-time columnist and staff writer.

Slackjaw: a memoir
At first Knipfel was dead set against writing a memoir, and was "content to publish in small publications" and quite "happy with the sheer disposability of newspaper writing", however, when Penguin Putnam editor David Groff offered him a book deal in 1997, after a decade of writing his column for New York Press, he accepted, rationalizing "that maybe there wasn't anything all that wrong with leaving something a little more solid behind". The first draft of Slackjaw was completed in two weeks, and at 500 pages long it was largely a collection of several dozen independent stories drawn from his columns. Although Knipfel could not discern a greater theme in the first draft, his editor pointed out that the memoir generally chronicled his journey towards blindness. With this theme in mind, Knipfel rewrote several drafts of Slackjaw, "looking at the stories in a different way and trying to find something that flows and has a rhythm", which finally produced a leaner memoir of which 60% of the content was fresh.

To promote Slackjaw, Knipfel went on a grueling 10-city tour, which was physically taxing due to his progressive vision loss. At readings, he read from computer printouts with large letters, using a magnifying glass and a bright, direct light from a strong lamp.

Slackjaw was well received by critics and was a popular success. A much-publicized blurb was provided by the reclusive novelist Thomas Pynchon, who received the galley proofs of this and subsequent works, describing Slackjaw as "an extraordinary emotional ride, through the lives and times of reader and writer alike, maniacally aglow with a born storyteller's gifts of observation". Roger K. Miller in The Chicago Sun-Times described Slackjaw as "a volume to set opposite all those chirpy, slurpy books on maximizing your potential, enhancing your self-esteem and accessing your inner powers" and Ellen Clegg in The Boston Globe summed it up succinctly as "a disease book with an attitude", elaborating that "Knipfel seems content to let the inner felon emerge."

Subsequent memoirs
After Slackjaw, Knipfel wrote two additional memoirs, Quitting the Nairobi Trio (2000) and Ruining It for Everybody (2004). In contrast to his first book tour, Knipfel remained in New York City to promote Quitting the Nairobi Trio, a chronicle of the six months he spent in a locked psychiatric ward in Minneapolis following his last suicide attempt. Critics were largely impressed with Knipfel's second memoir, although there was one recurrent caveat: the chapters containing descriptions of Knipfel's personal hallucinations while at the ward did not work. Ellen Clegg in The Boston Globe believed that while personal hallucinations are "important to the beholder [they] don't always translate in the wider world" and Daphne Merkin in The New York Times expressed how her interest flagged "only when [Knipfel] went into lengthy descriptions of his wearyingly vivid dreams". In the introduction to Quitting the Nairobi Trio, Knipfel explains that although he has had hallucinations in the past, "they've always faded in time", and yet the hallucinatory events of those first few days, as he settled into the psychiatric ward, are easier for him to recall than very recent events, because these hallucinations mysteriously have "a tenacity and clarity unattributable to any simple unconscious reaction in the brain's biochemistry".

A few years after his third memoir was published, Knipfel stated in a 2007 interview with Leonard Lopate that he was finished writing memoirs, and instead would concentrate on fiction. His sentiment on his memoirs was: "I had three of them out before I was forty, and I think that's just asinine."

Fiction
He is fond of pulp fiction and his fiction has been categorized as such.

Several other attempts at fiction by Knipfel were rejected before his novel The Buzzing clicked with a publisher; his first novel was released by Vintage Books in 2003. The Buzzing is about Roscoe Baragon, an aging journalist reduced to working the kook beat, who investigates an elaborate cover-up; the storyline was noted to contain similarities to Knipfel's former job at New York Press and Knipfel has admitted that "Roscoe, to put it simply, represents what I would like to be." Critical reception was mixed. According to Emily White in The New York Times, the novel entertains, however, "there are moments when the narrative stumbles or the dialogue slows".

Knipfel's second novel is Noogie's Time to Shine. His third novel Unplugging Philco was released in April 2009 by Simon & Schuster In 2010 Simon & Schuster published his short story collection These Children Who Come at You With Knives and Other Fairy Tales as well as his novel The Blow-Off in 2011.

Slackjaw moves to Electron Press
In June 2006, Knipfel was fired by the New York Press, concluding thirteen years with the paper. His "Slackjaw" column continued at Electron Press, yet published exclusively online with a much diminished readership. Since Electron Press began publishing "Slackjaw" in October 2006, some of Knipfel's most notable columns have been, "History Lesson, Pt. 986", introducing Slackjaw's history; and "You Must Be Very Proud", about the inauguration of New York's first legally blind and first black governor, David Paterson. In an April 2008 column, "The Statistics of Contempt", Knipfel harangued mothers of Park Slope, Brooklyn for their inconsiderate use of their baby strollers on the local sidewalks, provoking a strong reaction from readers according to Knipfel: "I can't remember anything like this - at least not since the early days". The Brooklyn blog Brownstoner wrote that Knipfel's "new rant about Park Slope stroller culture ... sets the bar high for future diatribes on the subject".

Themes
Knipfel often spotlights death in his writing and has written columns complaining that obituaries do not do justice to notable people. He has complained about excessive media coverage of Heath Ledger's death, wrote about Charlton Heston's obituary, and, for a number of years, has written an annual column on notable passings.

Knipfel's childhood in Green Bay, Wisconsin is the subject of many of his essays, as well as his memoirs. He often recalls pleasant or defining moments from his youth, usually describing the state of his vision loss in those years.

Selected bibliography

 * Memoirs

 * Fiction

 * Short stories and essays

title: Jim Knipfel


text:
User:TheMessenger

I hereby confess to violating WP:POINT and acknowledge that this account should be permanently banned. TheMessenger 18:09, 26 August 2005 (UTC)

title: User:TheMessenger


text:
Nova Scotia Highway 104

Highway 104 in Nova Scotia, Canada, runs from Fort Lawrence at the New Brunswick border near Amherst to River Tillard near St. Peter's. Except for the portion on Cape Breton Island between Port Hawkesbury and St. Peter's, it forms the main route of the Trans-Canada Highway across the province.

Highway 104 mostly supplants the former route of Trunk 4. In 1970, all sections of Trunk 4 west of New Glasgow were renumbered, although the number was added back in the Mount Thom and Wentworth Valley areas in the 1990s when new alignments of Highway 104 opened to traffic.

The provincial government named the highway the Miners Memorial Highway on 8 September 2008 one month before the 50th anniversary of the Springhill mining disaster of 23 October 1958.

Route description
The highway's present alignment measures 319 km long, of which the western 180 km between the inter-provincial border with New Brunswick at Fort Lawrence through to Sutherlands River is a 4-lane divided freeway. The eastern 142 km from Sutherlands River to River Tillard is a mixture of 2-lane controlled access freeway known as a Super 2, uncontrolled access 2-lane highway, and 4-lane divided freeway sections.

Highway 104 is divided into two distinct sections; the Trans-Canada Highway section which runs from the New Brunswick border to Port Hastings, and a smaller section on Cape Breton Island between Port Hawkesbury and St. Peter's.

Trans Canada Highway
From the inter-provincial border at Fort Lawrence, Highway 104 is a 4-lane divided freeway with posted speed limit of 110 km/h and runs east for 48 km past the towns of Amherst and Oxford to Thomson Station. This section had been built in the 1960s as a Super 2 and was upgraded to a 4-lane divided freeway that opened in 1993. From Thomson Station the highway runs southeast for 45 km to Masstown, this segment is a tolled section known as the Cobequid Pass, which opened on 15 November 1997. From Masstown, the highway runs east and northeast for 14 km to the rural community of Onslow, near Truro, and intersects Highway 102, the main 4-lane divided freeway connecting the Trans-Canada Highway with Halifax and southern Nova Scotia.

Highway 104 continues for 55 km, past Westville, to Highway 106, a branch of the Trans-Canada Highway that connects to Prince Edward Island via ferry. The highway continues east for 4 km to Stellarton and New Glasgow, with the highway passing through Stellarton; however, New Glasgow is located just to the north of the highway. The highway continues to Sutherlands River, where it reached the eastern extent of the 4-lane divided freeway until July 25, 2023.

East of Sutherlands River, Highway 104 runs east for 17 km to Barney's River Station, and was built between 1964 and 1965 as a Super 2 and twinned between 2020 and 2023. East of Barney's River Station, the highway runs east for 10 km to James River as a 4-lane divided freeway, which opened to traffic on May 18, 2023. This segment bypasses a 12 km 2-lane uncontrolled access highway segment, which was formerly part of and is now once again part of Trunk 4. Past James River, the highway continues east for 12 km to Addington Forks as a 4-lane divided freeway where the highway runs east for 11 km to South River Road, along a new alignment of 4-lane divided freeway that opened on September 19, 2012. Prior to this new alignment opening, Highway 104 ran east on the present alignment of Trunk 4 and Post Road in the town of Antigonish and included three intersections controlled by traffic lights. The highway continues from South River Road as a 4-lane divided freeway, which opened October 22, 2016, for 7 km to Dagger Woods. Prior to this new alignment opening, this section was an uncontrolled access highway (formerly Trunk 4).

From the end of the freeway section at Dagger Woods, the highway runs east for 4 km to Pomquet Forks as a Super 2 and remains as a controlled access highway, although there are several at-grade intersections. East of Pomquet Forks, the highway runs east for 3 km to Heatherton as an uncontrolled access highway (formerly Trunk 4) and speed limit reduces 90 km/h. Past Heatherton, the highway runs east for 29 km to Auld's Cove and speed limit increased back to 100 km/h. At Auld's Cove, the highway becomes an uncontrolled access highway with a posted speed limit of 70 km/h and begins a concurrency with Trunk 4. It crosses the Strait of Canso along the 1.4 km Canso Causeway to Port Hastings on Cape Breton Island. At Port Hastings, the highway intersects Trunk 4, Trunk 19 and Highway 105 at a roundabout where Highway 105 proceeds east carrying the Trans-Canada Highway designation.

Cape Breton Island
From the roundabout at Port Hastings, there is an 8 km gap in Highway 104 which is connected by Trunk 4, passing the town of Port Hawkesbury. The highway reappears at the Exit 43 interchange for Trunk 4 in Melville, just outside of Port Hawkesbury. A Highway 104 bypass from Port Hastings to Melville has been proposed in the past. Concept designs have shown a new alignment of 4-lane freeway being built around the northwest side of Port Hastings, crossing Highway 105 at a new interchange near an electrical substation. The new alignment of Highway 104 would proceed east and then southeast approximately following a power line corridor to the Exit 43 interchange in Melville.

From Port Hawkesbury, the highway runs east as a controlled access Super 2 for 34 km to its current eastern terminus at an at-grade intersection with Trunk 4 in River Tillard, near St. Peters. An extension of Highway 104 from River Tillard to Sydney River has been proposed in the past. The Nova Scotia provincial government has designated the entire length of Highway 104 from Fort Lawrence to River Tillard as a "strategic highway" to qualify for federal cost-sharing of maintenance and future upgrades. This designation has also been applied to the remaining Trunk 4 corridor in Cape Breton along the south shore of Bras d'Or Lake from St. Peters to Sydney River. It is eventually envisioned that the Trans-Canada Highway will follow the entire length of Highway 104 from Amherst to Sydney River as a 4-lane freeway, upgraded from the existing two-lane freeway and uncontrolled access sections of the highway.

History
Highway 104 was upgraded in various stages as follows:

 * KM 0 to 49, section from the New Brunswick border to Thomson Station had been built in the 1960s as a Super 2 and was upgraded to a 4-lane divided freeway in 1993.
 * KM 49 to 92, section from Thomson Station to Masstown had been built as a 4-lane divided freeway that opened November 15, 1997; tolled section known as Cobequid Pass.
 * KM 92 to 146, section from Masstown to Salt Springs had been built in the 1960s as a Super 2 and was upgraded to a 4-lane divided freeway that opened in the early 1990s.
 * KM 146 to 159, section from Salt Springs to Westville Road was built as a new alignment of 4-lane divided freeway that opened in the late 1990s. Prior to this new alignment opening, Highway 104 ran east on the present alignment of Trunk 4.
 * KM 159 to 166, section from Westville Road to Plymouth had been built in the 1960s as a Super 2 and was upgraded to a 4-lane divided freeway that opened in the early 1990s.
 * KM 166 to 174, section from Plymouth to Pine Tree had been built in the 1960s as a Super 2 and was upgraded to a 4-lane divided freeway that opened in fall 2011.
 * KM 174 to 177, section from Pine Tree to Sutherlands River had been built in the 1960s as an uncontrolled access highway (formerly Trunk 4) and was upgraded to a 4-lane divided freeway that opened in fall 2012.
 * KM 177 to 219, section from Sutherlands River to Addington Forks had been built in the 1960s as a Super 2. It was upgraded to a 4-lane divided freeway by July 25, 2023.
 * KM 198 to 219, section from Barney's River Station to James River, built in the 2020s as a 4-lane divided freeway that opened May 18, 2023.
 * KM 219 to 228, section from Addington Forks to South River Road, built in the 2010s as a 4-lane divided freeway that opened September 19, 2012.
 * KM 228 to 235, section from South River Road to Dagger Woods, built in the 2010s as a 4-lane divided freeway that opened October 22, 2016.
 * KM 235 to 236, section from Dagger Woods to Pomquet Forks had been built in the 1960s as a Super 2.
 * KM 236 to 239, section from Pomquet Forks to Heatherton had been built in the 1950s; originally part of Trunk 4.
 * KM 235 to 242 will be the next section to be twinned, with construction to begin sometime in 2024-2025.
 * KM 239 to 269, section from Heatherton to Aulds Cove had been built from 1965-1969 as a Super 2.
 * KM 269 to 274, section from Auld's Cove to Port Hastings had been built and upgraded in the 1950s and 1960s, with the Canso Causeway opening in 1955.
 * KM 282 to 319, section from Port Hawkesbury to River Tillard has been built in the 1970s as a Super 2.

The Province of Nova Scotia awarded the P3 contract that twinned a 38 km section of Highway 104 between Sutherlands River and Antigonish to Dexter Nova Alliance. As part the project, there was 28 km of existing highway upgraded and a 10 km new, realigned section; the bypassed section of Highway 104 between Barney's River Station and Marshy Hope reverted to being part of Trunk 4. Construction began in the spring of 2020, with a completion date of July 25, 2023.

Future
The province of Nova Scotia has proposed construction of a new 84-kilometre (52 mi) 2 lane arterial from the current end of Highway 104 at St. Peter's to Highway 125 at Sydney. This highway would travel mostly east of the current Trunk 4 and open as a Super 2. It would serve as a bypass of Trunk 4 and likely take designation of the Trans Canada Highway rather than Highway 105. When completed, this would provide nearly continuous controlled access highway across Nova Scotia on the Trans Canada Highway. Construction costs are estimated to be approximately $500 million and tolls have been proposed in the past. This project is currently not on the province's 5-year highway plan.

title: Nova Scotia Highway 104


text:
Dalembertia

Dalembertia is a plant genus of the family Euphorbiaceae first described as a genus in 1858. It is native to Mexico and Guatemala.

 * Species
 * 1) Dalembertia hahniana Baill. - México State, Morelos, Michoacán
 * 2) Dalembertia platanoides Baill. - Oaxaca, Guerrero, México State
 * 3) Dalembertia populifolia Baill. - from Sonora to Oaxaca
 * 4) Dalembertia triangularis Müll.Arg. - Guatemala, Chiapas, Oaxaca

title: Dalembertia


text:
Wikipedia:Account suspensions/-Ril-

-Ril-
[snip]
 * 03:34, August 18, 2005 UninvitedCompany blocked "User:-Ril-" with an expiry time of indefinite (See User talk:-Ril-/ban; in summary, many problems, most recently vandalism of a project page with sexually explicit photographs)
 * 11:36, August 17, 2005 Violetriga blocked "User:-Ril-" with an expiry time of 24 hours (Vandalism, WP:POINT and edit warring)
 * 21:32, August 11, 2005 Michael Snow blocked "User:-Ril-" with an expiry time of 24 hours (Violation of Wikipedia:three-revert rule on George W. Bush)
 * 13:10, August 7, 2005 UninvitedCompany blocked "User:-Ril-" with an expiry time of 60 hours (reset block time to 72 hours from initial block as originally intended; see User_talk:-Ril- for details of the 3RR violation that led to this)
 * 20:18, 6 August 2005 UninvitedCompany blocked with an expiry time of 72 hours (3RR The Bible and history. Sadly, my watch is 20 minutes fast so your 4th revert is still within a 24 hour period according to it. See User talk:-Ril- for a more serious discussion of gaming the 3RR system.)

Ril has long been carrying out revert wars on several Bible-related topics. Sie is protesting my block based on the fact that the reverts were 21 minutes outside the 24 hour window. I am unimpressed by this technicality. I blocked for 72 hours rather than 24 due to the fact that the user has been the subject of two other 3RR blocks in the last month. The Uninvited Co., Inc. 22:30, 7 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Update: He has since been blocked twice by other admins, most recently for vandalizing Wikiproject Wikipedians for Decency with sexually explicit photographs. I have blocked him pending the outcome of the AC case.  Discussion at User talk:-Ril-/ban.  The Uninvited Co., Inc. 03:39, 18 August 2005 (UTC)

title: Wikipedia:Account suspensions/-Ril-


text: User talk:Mabrown32

title: User talk:Mabrown32


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Andurna

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete. Woohookitty 10:05, 4 September 2005 (UTC)

Andurna
I noticed this short stub on Special:Newpages, and was cleaning it up, when it was tagged for speedy for reason "unverifiable". As I believe WP:V is not a criterion for speedy deletion, I'm moving it here. Honestly, I don't know if it's verifiable or not, though a google search was unsuccessful. -Satori (talk) 18:11, 26 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete SaltyPig 18:19, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. According to this version of the Enûma Elish which it's supposed to be from (and the article cites!), it doesn't have any andu~ ande~ places in it. Alf 23:29, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. *drew 01:38, 28 August 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Andurna


text:
Thomas Bullitt

Thomas Bullitt (1730 – February 1778) was a United States military officer from Prince William County, Virginia and pioneer on its western frontier.

Early and family life
Thomas was born to Benjamin and Sarah (Harrison) Bullitt in 1730 in Prince William County, then in the Province of Virginia. Active in the local militia as a youth, he became interested in western exploration and development. By 1754 he was a captain of the county's militia, and participated in a number of attempts to secure western Virginia and Pennsylvania from the French. His younger brother Cuthbert Bullitt studied to become an attorney, became a planter in Prince William County and represented it in the Virginia House of Delegates, mostly after this man's death.

French and Indian War
Captain Bullitt and part of his militia company joined Colonel Washington's expedition in 1754 that ended with defeat at the Battle of Great Meadows. The next year Captain Bullitt and his men again marched against Fort Duquesne, this time with the Braddock Expedition, and again failed, at the Battle of Monogahela on July 9, 1755.

The third try in 1758 also started badly, but ended victoriously. Bullitt commanded a militia company in the Forbes Expedition. In September he was part of the large advance party of regulars and militia commanded by Major James Grant. After Grant refused advice on wilderness fighting, his party was ambushed by the French and their Indian allies on September 21, 1758. They suffered great losses and Grant was captured. Bullitt took to the woods, but rallied the militia, and counterattacked their pursuers. He then commanded more than half of the original party back to their main force. The French were forced to abandon the fort during November.

On May 22, 1759, French and Indian troops defeated a party of 100 Virginians commanded by Captain Thomas Bullitt on the Forbes Road near Fort Ligonier. Bullitt and his troops were taking provisions from Bedford to Fort Ligonier when they were attacked. They suffered more than 40 casualties and lost many of their supplies. William Byrd published in Hunter's Virginia Gazette (Williamsburg) a letter dated 26 Oct 1759 and sent from Pittsburgh in which he stated that Gen. John Stanwix at Byrd's request convened a court of inquiry to investigate Captain Bullitt's conduct. The court decided unanimously 'that Captain Bullitt behaved like a good Officer, and did every Thing in his Power to repulse the Enemy, and save the Convoy.'"

After the war
Bullitt kept his interest in the frontier. He began to speculate in land and invest in development. When a number of his militia company exercised their land grant bounties in what would become Bath County, Virginia, he bought land there and built an Inn at Hot Springs in 1766. During the next few years his guests included Thomas Jefferson and George Washington.

During the war, Andrew Lewis and Thomas Bullitt had surveyed part of the area and had heard stories from the Native Americans and colonists about the healing powers of the springs. In 1764, Captain Thomas Bullitt received a colonial land grant of 300 acres which contained seven hot and warm springs. "After receiving the award, Captain Bullitt moved his militia company and their families to the area. The land was cleared, and within two years, a wooden 18 room wooden hotel was constructed there, and in 1766 the "Homestead" was opened and named in honor of the homesteaders who built the resort and bathhouses." The Omni Homestead Resort, as it is termed today, continued to be operated by Thomas Bullitt's family after his death during the Revolution, until 1832, when it was sold to Dr. Thomas Goode (physician), who also purchased the Healing Springs, Virginia and the resort at Warm Springs, Virginia.

He also continued his militia service, and at the war's end in 1763 he became adjutant general of the state militia, a post that he had through the early days of the Revolutionary War.

Surveying Kentucky
By 1773, Virginia was still searching for land to satisfy grants and bounties, and was still struggling with the details of the Proclamation of 1763. Settlers were pushing west into Kentucky, even without colonial authorization or control. In an effort to bring some order to the situation, Governor Dunmore, authorized Captain Bullitt to organize a party to survey northern and eastern Kentucky.

Bullitt gathered about 40 men and set out from the Kanawha River Valley and generally followed the along the south side of the Valley of the Ohio. He made some excursions from his direct path, going as far north as Chillicothe to speak with Chief Cornstalk of the Shawnee. By July his party had reached the Falls of the Ohio, and Bullitt laid out a town site there that later became Louisville, Kentucky.

Bullitt and his men tried to maintain peaceful relations with the Indians, but did lose one work party in an attack. The incursion was also one of the Indian complaints that caused Lord Dunmore's War the next year. As a reward for his service on this expedition and in the French and Indian War, Bullitt was granted 1240 acre in the newly surveyed territory. He chose a site he believed best for early development, in what is now downtown Charleston, West Virginia.

The Revolutionary War
Bullitt still had the post of Adjutant General for the Virginia militia. As the American Revolutionary War became imminent he sympathized with the rebel cause. When Governor Dunmore made his last stand in 1775, Captain Bullitt was a part of the forces that assembled for the Battle of Great Bridge. He commanded engineering works for Colonel William Woodford who had overall command. His rapidly constructed defenses aided in the overwhelming American victory on December 9, 1775. Dunmore fell back to Norfolk, but was forced to abandon that as well when Bullitt began the construction of siege trenches and works. By the end of December, Virginia had no British forces on her land, and Bullitt was promoted to Colonel.

Thomas Bullitt was elected several times to the House of Delegates (legislature) of the newly formed Virginia government. But he did not usually attend their meetings. He made an exception in November and December 1777 to help George Rogers Clark promote his plans for a western campaign. The delegates made Clark a Lieutenant Colonel and authorized him to defend the western frontiers. A second, and secret, set of orders allowed him to invade the Illinois Country. These were known only to Bullitt, Patrick Henry, Thomas Jefferson, George Mason and George Wythe.

Death and will
Bullitt died at his home in Fauquier County, Virginia, in February, 1778, at the comparatively early age of forty-eight years. His will, dated September 17, 1775, was probated February 23, 1778 (Will Book I, p. 321, Fauquier County). By his will, he left 400 acres and an annual allowance for support to his illegitimate daughter, Sarah Elizabeth Brounaunt, or Bronaugh, and most of the balance of his estate to his brother, Judge Cuthbert Bullitt.

title: Thomas Bullitt


text:
Grandma Prisbrey's Bottle Village

Grandma Prisbrey's Bottle Village, also known as Bottle Village, is an art environment, located in Simi Valley, California. It was created by Tressa "Grandma" Prisbrey (1896–1988) from the 1950s to the 1970s. Prisbey built a "village" of shrines, walkways, sculptures, and buildings from recycled items and discards from the local landfill.

Bottle Village has been designated as a historical landmark by the City of Simi Valley, County of Ventura, and State of California (California Historical Landmark No. 939. It was also listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1996.

Bottle Village closed in 1984 and was severely damaged during the 1994 Northridge earthquake.

Tressa "Grandma" Prisbrey
Tressa Luella Schaefer was born in Easton, Minnesota in 1896. She attended school until the age of twelve and studied mostly politics in North Dakota. At the age of 15, Prisbrey married the ex-husband of her sister, Theodore Grinolds who was 37 years her senior (52 years old). The marriage with Theodore only lasted 14 years and within those years she bore seven children. After Theodore's passing at age 72, Prisbrey and her seven children moved up to Seattle where she married an unnamed and unemployed man. Their marriage was very short lived. Over the course of her life, she had witnessed the passing of six out of her seven children (4 boys, 2 girls).

In 1946, Prisbrey made the move to Santa Susana, now a neighborhood in Simi Valley, California. Ten years after the move, Prisbrey met her husband Al Prisbrey, who bought one-third of an acre located on Cochran Street. They brought in a trailer to live in, removed the tires, and hid them in an effort to stay grounded on the lot. When Prisbrey first moved to Santa Susana, she had a large collection of 17,000 pencils which had previously been her hobby. In an effort to find a place to put them, she decided she wanted to make a house for her pencils to stay. At the age of 60, she began looking around to buy cinder-blocks to build with but came to discover the prices were way out of her range. They had spent all their money paying for the property so she resorted to visiting a local dump where she found thousands of colored bottles. She began going to her sister, Hattie's house and made cement by hand and built her first bottle house. Prisbrey mentioned she did not begin this project to gain attention but as an outpost as well as a place to keep all of her things. She was interested in the fact that everything has a purpose and is special and unique and that is exactly what she brings to bottle village. Not just in the visuals but the overall feeling you receive from being present.

The Village was very much established by 1961 but Prisbrey kept adding structures and tweaking into the 1980s. She moved away in 1972, but later came back to live in a trailer alongside the village where she continued adding sculptures and flower planters.

In 1982 Prisbrey, in poor health, left Simi Valley to live with her daughter and son-in-law in San Francisco. In July 1986 the property was gift deeded to a nonprofit group, Preserve Bottle Village. In October 1988, Prisbrey died from complications of a stroke at a convalescent hospital in San Francisco.

Bottle Village
After starting with a wall, Prisbrey continued to build until she had constructed 16 buildings and structures made of glass and assorted other materials, a mosaic sidewalk, the Leaning Tower of Bottle Village, the Dolls Head Shrine, Cleopatra's Bedroom, the Round House, and more. The Los Angeles Times described Bottle Village as an "eccentric folk-art wonderland."

Bottle Village is seen by art historians and folklorists as a complex work combining the desires of an elderly lady to provide simple shelter for her valued personal collections; memorialize family, friends, and important life events; grieve over the loss of family members; entertain visitors; and leave behind a testament to her very personal vision, exuberance, and inspiration. The Village is a significant folk art environment created by an American folk artist of high acclaim. It is a rarity created out of actual mass consumer throwaway from everyday lives of Americans of the late 1950s and early 1960s.

When building Bottle Village, no help was given and everything is made from hand and all recycled materials. One of the shrines is called The Headlight Garden. This garden was made for her then 35-year-old daughter who had been diagnosed with cancer. Her daughter loved flowers so Prisbrey decided to make her a rose garden made out of headlights and recycled materials. Before her daughter's passing, she would love to wake up every morning and sit by the garden in silence. According to Prisbrey, the day her daughter died, the roses died.

There are heart, diamond, and spade stepping stones that symbolize when Prisbrey visited Las Vegas, Nevada. She made the forms out of cement but then filled them with random recycled things like scissors. Bottle Village also has wishing wells made from tiles, ground is paved with recyclables, a doll shrine, and a leaning tower of bottles. Each building has its own theme. A doll house was built to house Prisbrey's collection of 600 dolls. Prisbrey mentioned every day she would go into that house and dress up some of the dolls.

"Anyone can do something with a million dollars. Look at Disney," Prisbrey once said. "But it takes more than money to make something out of nothing, and look at the fun I have doing it." When visitors would come to Bottle Village when Prisbrey was still alive, she would first take them on a tour but then end in her meditation room where she would allow them to meditate as well as listen to her sing different songs. She would charge only 75 cents a visit but people would frequently give her more.

Earthquake and funding
The 1994 Northridge earthquake struck eight miles away and badly damaged the Village. Because of the severe damage, Preserve Bottle Village applied for Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) funding. In 1997, when it appeared FEMA would award a $455,000 grant to help repair the earthquake damage to the Village, the grant was lost after former Councilwoman Sandi Webb and U.S. Rep. Elton Gallegly, R-Simi Valley, opposed it. Gallegly called it a waste of taxpayers' money. Also, James Lee Witt, the director of the Federal Emergency Management Agency, said his organization had determined that the site was not eligible for Federal disaster relief money because it had not been open to the general public since 1984. The Simi Valley Historical Society and Rancho Simi Recreation and Park District allocated about $150,000 to restore an apricot pitting shed. The City of Simi Valley also contributed at least $24,000 through Community Development Block Grant funds to restore the 1920s woodshed with concrete pillars, a remnant of the area's apricot industry.

Since the earthquake, Bottle Village has been in need of support and funding. The late artist Joanne Johnson, who was one of the docents and served for some time on the board of directors (including a stint as board president), wrote that the “crumbling Bottle Village is an ironic paradox – built from castoffs, now cast aside. This piece of Folk Art is the definition of the saying 'one man's treasure is another man's junk'." Because of the disrepair in which the site is currently, there is little activity. Very few people are still available to give scheduled tours of the Village so personal tours can be difficult to book, but monthly private tours are available at www.bottlevillage.com.

Preserve Bottle Village continues preservation efforts, speaking with private foundations. It has received a few generous grants, from the Larry Janss – School of the Pacific Islands Foundation ($21,000), the Rothschild Foundation ($15,000), and the Gareth Evans - Golden Rule Foundation ($10,000 + $5,000).

In popular culture
The Doll Head Shrine has created a cult following and was reproduced on the cover of Wall of Voodoo’s chart-topping single "Mexican Radio" in 1982.

The Village inspired a 32-page children's book, Bottle Houses: The Creative World of Grandma Prisbrey by Melissa Eskridge Slaymaker.

Tressa Prisbrey is commemorated every year during Halloween at Simi Valley's Strathearn Historical Park Ghost Tour, which tells the history of Simi Valley.

Exhibitions
1974–1976 "Naives and Visionaries", sponsored by the National Endowment for the Arts and the Walker Art Center, Minneapolis, MN

1975 "America Now", sponsored by the U.S. Information Agency (traveling European exhibition)

1976 "Grandma Prisbrey", Woman's Building, Los Angeles, CA (solo exhibition)

1977 "In Celebration of Ourselves", Museum of Modern Art, San Francisco, CA

1979–1981 "A Look at the Art of the 70's", sponsored by the International Communication Agency (traveling exhibition)

1984 "Visions of Paradise", Beyond Baroque, Venice, CA "Bits and Pieces: The Dream-builders of California", Chevron Art Gallery, San Francisco, CA

1985 "Divine Disorder: Folk Art Environments of California", Triton Museum of Art, Santa Clara, CA (traveling exhibition)

1985–1986 "A Time to Reap", Co-sponsored by Seton Hall Univ. NJ, & the Museum of American Folk Art, NY (traveling exhibition)

1986 "Cat and a Ball on a Waterfall: 200 Years of California Painting and Sculpture", Oakland Museum, Oakland, CA

1988 "Not so Naive: Bay Area Artists and Outsider Art", San Francisco Craft & Folk Art Museum, San Francisco, CA

1989 "Forty Years of California Assemblage", UCLA Whyte Gallery, Los Angeles, CA (traveling exhibition) "Women in American Architecture", Pacific Design Center, Los Angeles, CA (traveling exhibition)

1990 "Ageless", the Woman's Building, Los Angeles, CA

1992 "Reflections of Bottle Village", Simi Valley Cultural Center, Simi Valley, CA

1995 "Visions from the Left Coast" Santa Barbara Contemporary Arts Forum, Santa Barbara, CA

1996–1999 "Recycled-Reseen" Santa Fe Museum of Art, Santa Fe, New Mexico (traveling)

2000 Outsider Art window display, Hennessy + Ingalls, Santa Monica, CA

Relevant literature

 * Rosen, Seymour. 1979. "In Celebration of Ourselves." California Living Books in conjunction with San Francisco Museum of Modern Art. 176 pages. ISBN 0893950084 (ISBN 9780893950088)
 * Wojcik, Daniel. 2017. Outsider Art: Visionary Worlds and Trauma. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi. 304 pages. ISBN 9781496808066

title: Grandma Prisbrey's Bottle Village


text:
Nikodim Kondakov

Nikodim (or Nikodeme) Pavlovich Kondakov (Никоди́м Па́влович Кондако́в; 1 (13) November 1844, Olshanka, Kursk Governorate, Russian Empire– 17 February 1925, Prague, Czechoslovakia), was an art historian with special expertise in the history of Russian and Serbian Christian icons. He is remembered as a pioneer among art historian who studied the treasures of Mount Athos like Frenchman Gabriel Millet.

Biography
Nicodem Pavlovitch Kondakov was born in the Russian Empire in 1844, in the village of Khalan in Kursk Governorate. He attended Moscow University under Fedor Buslaev from 1861 to 1865.

After graduation he taught in the Moscow Art School.

In 1870 he became a lecturer in the University of Novorossia, Odessa (now Odessa National University, Ukraine), and in 1877 a professor there.

From 1888 he taught in St. Petersburg University. From 1893 he was a member of the Russian Academy of Fine Arts, and from 1898 a member of the Russian Academy of Sciences. In 1895 with Fyodor Uspensky he founded the Russian Archaeological Institute of Constantinople.

During the Revolution of 1917 and the Civil War in Russia Kondakov lived in Odessa and Yalta (see: South Russia (1919–1920)).

In 1920 he emigrated to Bulgaria, and then to Czechoslovakia, where he taught in Prague University until his death in 1925.

In his first book, on Greek manuscript illumination, published in 1877, Kondakov approached the stylistic evolution of eastern Romanesque art through the use of artistic ideal. He collaborated with Salomon Reinach in Antiquités de la Russie Méridionale (1891). His lectures influenced future historians, among others, Michael Rostovtzeff. Kondakov wrote numerous works on the history of Ancient Greek, Russian, Georgian and Eastern Roman art. He founded the modern method in the history of the art of the Eastern Roman Empire.

title: Nikodim Kondakov


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Wikipedia:Account suspensions/Giuseppi

Giuseppi

 * 13:20, August 1, 2005, Ed Poor blocked (expires indefinite) (disruption)

title: Wikipedia:Account suspensions/Giuseppi


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Helicopter parent

A helicopter parent (also called a cosseting parent or simply a cosseter) is a term for a parent who is overattentive and overly fearful of a child's experiences and problems, particularly outside the home and at educational institutions. Helicopter parents are so named because, like helicopters, they "hover overhead", overseeing every aspect of their child's life. A helicopter parent is also known to strictly supervise their children in all aspects of their lives, including in social interactions.

Etymology
The metaphor appeared as early as 1969 in the bestselling book Between Parent & Teenager by Dr. Haim Ginott, which mentions a teen who complains: "Mother hovers over me like a helicopter..."

The term "helicopter parent" has been in use since the late 1980s. It subsequently gained wide currency when American academic administrators began using it in the early 2000s as the oldest millennials began reaching college age. Their baby-boomer parents earned notoriety for practices such as calling their children each morning to wake them up for class and complaining to their professors about grades the children had received. Summer camp officials have also reported similar behavior from these parents.

Roots
The Chronicle of Higher Education reported that helicopter parents continued advocating for their adult children at the graduate school level as well, such as advocating for their adult child's admission to law school or business school. As this cohort entered the workforce, Human Resource officials reported helicopter parents showing up in the workplace or phoning managers to advocate on their adult child's behalf or to negotiate salaries for their adult children.

Generational demographer Neil Howe describes helicopter parenting as the parenting style of baby boomer parents of millennial children. Howe describes the helicopter parenting of baby-boomers as a distinct parenting style from Generation X parents. He describes the latter as "stealth-fighter parents" due to a tendency of Gen X parents to let minor issues go while striking without warning and vigorously in the event of serious issues. Howe contrasts this to the sustained participation of Boomer parents of Millennials in the educational setting, describing these parents as "sometimes helpful, sometimes annoying, yet always hovering over their children and making noise". Howe describes baby boomers as incredibly close to their children, saying that in his opinion, this is a good thing.

Helicopter parents attempt to "ensure their children are on a path to success by paving it for them". The rise of helicopter parenting coincided with two social shifts. The first was the comparatively booming economy of the 1990s, with low unemployment and higher disposable income. The second was the public perception of increased child endangerment, a perception which free-range parenting advocate Lenore Skenazy described as "rooted in paranoia".

Helicopter parenting is on occasion associated with societal or cultural norms that furnish or standardize themes related to vicariousness.

China
Tianjin University has been building "love tents" to accommodate parents who have traveled there with their matriculating freshmen, letting them sleep on mats laid out on the gym floor. Commentators on social media have argued that the one-child policy has been an aggravating factor in the rise of helicopter parenting (see little emperor syndrome).

In research
Helicopter parenting is a colloquial term; research often refers to the concept as overprotective parenting or overparenting. Research in the past referred to overprotective mothering, but overprotective parenting and overparenting are now favoured to include the role of fathers in parenting. Overparenting can be seen as a form of control and refers to any form of inappropriate (excessive or developmentally) involvement in a child's life from the parent. In response to its use in everyday terminology, research has recently started also using the term helicopter parenting.

Literature
Madeline Levine has written on helicopter parenting. Judith Warner recounts Levine's descriptions of parents who are physically "hyper-present" but psychologically absent. Katie Roiphe, commenting on Levine's work in Slate elaborates on myths about helicopter parenting: "[I]t is about too much presence, but it's also about the wrong kind of presence. In fact, it can be reasonably read by children as absence, as not caring about what is really going on with them ... As Levine points out, it is the confusion of overinvolvement with stability." Similarly, she reminds readers that helicopter parenting is not the product of "bad or pathetic people with deranged values ... It is not necessarily a sign of parents who are ridiculous or unhappy or nastily controlling. It can be a product of good intentions gone awry, the play of culture on natural parental fears."

The Chinese parenting style depicted in the book Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother has been compared to western helicopter parenting. Nancy Gibbs writing for Time magazine described them both as "extreme parenting", although she noted key differences between the two. Gibbs describes tiger mothers as focused on success in precision-oriented fields such as music and math, while helicopter parents are "obsessed with failure and preventing it at all costs". Another difference she described was the Tiger Mother's emphasis on hard work with parents adopting an "extreme, rigid and authoritarian approach" toward their children, which she contrasts to western helicopter parents who she says "enshrine their children and crave their friendship".

Former Stanford dean Julie Lythcott-Haims, drawing from her experiences seeing students come in academically prepared but not prepared to fend for themselves, wrote a book called How to Raise an Adult: Break Free of the Overparenting Trap and Prepare Your Kid for Success in which she urges parents to avoid "overhelping" their children.

Effects
University of Georgia professor Richard Mullendore described the mobile phone as a contributing factor for helicopter parenting. Some parents, for their part, point to rising college tuition costs, saying they are just protecting their investment or acting like any other consumer. Inter-generational research published in "The Gerontologist" observed educators and popular media lament helicopter parents who hover over their grown children, but reported "complex economic and social demands make it difficult for the Baby Boomers' children to gain a foothold in adulthood."

Clare Ashton-James, in a cross-national survey of parents, concluded that "helicopter parents" reported higher levels of happiness. Some studies suggest overprotective, overbearing, or over-controlling parents cause long-term mental health problems for their offspring. The description of these mental health problems may be lifelong and its impact is comparable in scale to individuals who have suffered bereavement, according to the University College London. According to the Medical Research Council, "psychological control can limit a child's independence and leave them less able to regulate their own behaviour".

According to a 2019 national poll on children's health by the C.S. Mott Children's Hospital at the University of Michigan, one-quarter of parents surveyed say they are the main barrier to their teen's independence by not taking the time or effort to give their teen more responsibility. The national survey of nearly 900 parents found most of those with kids between 14 and 18 who conceded to helicoptering said they did it because it was just easier to do things themselves.

Although parents or proponents of helicopter parenting claim that such a restrictive and imposing parenting style may instil discipline, other analysts have claimed that there is evidence that such forms of parenting result in teenage rebellion, and may even extend into a vicenarian rebellion.

A study from Beijing Normal University found that overparenting had a detrimental effect on children's leadership skills. Another study from the University of Florida found that helicopter parenting was associated with more emotional problems, struggles with decision-making and worse academic performance in a group of 500 students.

Statistics showed that when college students remained at home and had fewer siblings, over-parenting was more prevalent. Furthermore, parental participation however not over-parenting was linked to poorer confidence in students and unfavorable reactions to working situations.

Moreover, there are several college-related circumstances for the student that are connected to over-parenting. For instance, over-parenting is linked to more detrimental results, for example poorer self-efficacy, whereas parental participation is linked to more favorable results for students, like as better social self-efficacy and graduate school goals.

Related concepts
The "snowplow parent" is said to go a step further than the helicopter parent by proactively removing obstacles that their child would otherwise face. The New York Times used the term in its 2019 article on the Varsity Blues scandal. The phrase "lawnmower parent," coined by Karen Fancher of Duquesne University, has the same meaning as "snowplow parent."

In other languages
In Sweden, parents that would be considered helicopter parents in the English-speaking world are instead referred to as curlingföräldrar ("curling parents").

title: Helicopter parent


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Wikipedia:Account suspensions/TVI

TVI

 * 12:27, August 1, 2005, Ed Poor blocked (expires 12:27, August 8, 2005) (abusive language, despite familiarity with WP policy)
 * I didn't bother to warn him, it's obviously an experienced user's sockpuppet account.

title: Wikipedia:Account suspensions/TVI


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Dendrocousinsia

Dendrocousinsia is a plant genus of the family Euphorbiaceae first described as a genus in 1913. The entire genus is endemic to the Island of Jamaica.

 * Species
 * 1) Dendrocousinsia alpina Fawc. & Rendle 1919 - E Jamaica
 * 2) Dendrocousinsia fasciculata Millsp. 1913 - NW Jamaica
 * 3) Dendrocousinsia spicata Millsp. 1913 - SC Jamaica

title: Dendrocousinsia


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Wikipedia:Account suspensions/Genocide2st

User:Genocide2st

 * 09:55, July 25, 2005 Dmcdevit blocked with an expiry time of indefinite
 * I'm a new admin and I just blocked this user with a Username block for an inappropriate name (I think the reason should be obvious). Just want to make it known and hope someone will look over this and make sure I did everything right. --Dmcdevit·t 10:06, July 25, 2005 (UTC)


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Half Tide Rocks (Massachusetts)

Half Tide Rocks are a group of small barren rocks in Massachusetts Bay, located within the city limits of Boston, United States (and just outside the Town limits of Hull). The rocks are east of Aldridge Ledge, southeast of Devils Back, southwest of Green Island, northeast of Little Calf Island, and northwest of Calf Island. It borders the northwestern edge of the Hypocrite Channel.

title: Half Tide Rocks (Massachusetts)


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User:Liontamer

Larry "Liontamer" Oji has been a judge at OverClocked ReMix since July 2004, having evaluated more than 2,500 submissions. Reporting to site founder David "djpretzel" Lloyd, Larry is responsible for primary submissions evaluations, informational database maintenance and other otherwise sundry & unsexy tasks at OCR, becoming head submissions evaluator in June 2006.

Oji also contributes to VGMdb, appointed a Trusted Editor in December 2007 and promoted to Staff in February 2008. His work at VGMdb concentrates on free digital release albums by doujins/fan arrangers based in North America and Europe.

Larry also hosted the VG Frequency radio program for 4 years out of Atlanta's Emory University, focused on rearranged VGM and original compositions from the ReMixing community.

Larry’s dream job is to host a nationally syndicated radio program on video game music, which he considers the greatest and broadest genre of music in the world. Among his favorite video game composers include Tim Follin and Yasuhisa “Yack” Watanabe.

Oji worked through OC ReMix as assistant music director for the remixed soundtrack of Capcom’s Super Street Fighter II Turbo HD Remix, developed by Backbone Entertainment.

Larry is currently recruiting artists for the Tim Follin tribute project "Dirge for the Follin," as well as writers for the VG Frequency blog. His own musical attempts, though irregular, have been considered godly. Larry currently resides in Atlanta, GA with The Lady, Paige.

Game Over (Columbia Daily Tribune)
"Game Over Interview: Larry Oji, OC ReMix (part 2)", Paul Dziuba, January 14, 2009 "Game Over Interview: Larry Oji, OC ReMix (part 1)", Paul Dziuba, January 13, 2009 OC ReMix: Super Street Fighter II Turbo HD Remix Official Soundtrack

Official Xbox Magazine
"The Sounds of Street Fightin'", Mitch Dyer, January 12, 2009 OC ReMix: Super Street Fighter II Turbo HD Remix Official Soundtrack

Spot On! (GameSpot AU - Australia)
"OC ReMix and the joys of video game music", Laura "Lozzica" Parker, December 23, 2008

Street Fighter Devotion
"Interview with OverClocked ReMix: Super Street Fighter II Turbo HD Remix OST", SFD Producer, December 12, 2008 OC ReMix: Super Street Fighter II Turbo HD Remix Official Soundtrack

Retro Garden (Ireland)
"OC ReMix Interview (Part 4) - Super Street Fighter II Turbo HD Remix", Rhys Wynne, November 10, 2008 "OC ReMix Interview (Part 3) - ocremix.org", Rhys Wynne, November 3, 2008 "OC ReMix Interview (Part 2) - Remixing Game Music", Rhys Wynne, October 28, 2008 "OC ReMix Interview (Part 1)", Rhys Wynne, October 20, 2008

GearCrave
"Interview: David W. Lloyd and Larry Oji of ocremix.org", Mike Payne, August 26, 2008

61 Frames Per Second (Nerve.com)
"The Super Street Fighter II Turbo HD Remix Soundtrack - An Inside Look", Peter Smith, August 15, 2008 "61FPS Q&A: David Lloyd and Larry Oji of OC ReMix on the Super Street Fighter II Turbo HD Remix Soundtrack (Part 2)", Peter Smith, August 14, 2008 "61FPS Q&A: David Lloyd and Larry Oji of OC ReMix on the Super Street Fighter II Turbo HD Remix Soundtrack (Part 1)", Peter Smith, August 13, 2008 Super Street Fighter II Turbo HD Remix

Ars Technica
"Fans go pro: how OC ReMix put its stamp on Street Fighter II HD Remix", Ben Kuchera, July 17, 2008 Super Street Fighter II Turbo HD Remix

Console Arcade
"Feature: OverClocked ReMix on Street Fighter II HD", Jamie Davies, July 17, 2008 Super Street Fighter II Turbo HD Remix

Square-Go (Ireland)
"OverClocked ReMix talk Super Street Fighter II Turbo", Dave Cook, June 30, 2008 Super Street Fighter II Turbo HD Remix

Nostalgiaholic
"OverClocked Oji Q&A", Shawn "Nostalgiaholic" Galway, April 17, 2008

Statler & Waldorf (Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute)
"OverClocked ReMix: A Game Music Community", Volume 7, Issue 8, page 5, Dan "Kholdstare" Scheffler, February 26, 2008

Links
@OverClocked ReMix @DeviantArt @Facebook @Last.fm @LinkedIn @MobyGames @MySpace @MusicBrainz @OverLooked ReMiX @Rainwave/OCR Radio @Remix64 @Twitter @VGMdb

title: User:Liontamer


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Bushwacker (comics)

Bushwacker (Carl Burbank) is a supervillain appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The character is usually depicted as an adversary to the superhero, Daredevil, and less frequently to the Punisher and Wolverine.

Publication history
Created by Ann Nocenti and Rick Leonardi, the character made his first appearance in Daredevil #248 (Nov. 1987).

Fictional character biography
Carl Burbank was a priest who abandoned his vows following the drug-related deaths of young parishioners. He joined the C.I.A., which outfitted him with a cybernetic arm and made him an assassin under the codename "Bushwacker", but ultimately he became a freelancer.

At some point, an event took place that compelled Bushwacker to begin a war against all mutants. Bushwacker began hunting and assassinating mutants, most often those mutants whose abilities Bushwacker perceived as making them especially talented in "the arts". Bushwacker also claimed that he was paid large sums of money to kill mutants, but this has yet to be verified. Wolverine learned of Bushwacker's activities and began to hunt the killer. At the same time, Bushwacker's wife Marilyn believed her husband was insane and needed to be placed in a hospital. She sought aid from lawyer Matt Murdock (secretly the hero Daredevil). Bushwacker was tracked down and defeated by the two heroes, which left the right side of his face horribly scarred, and he was placed in police custody.

Later, Bushwacker joined with Typhoid Mary and other enemies of Daredevil in a plan to kill their common foe. After the completion of the plan, Bushwacker was left to his own activities.

Entering the Kingpin's employ, Burbank attacked the Punisher, but was left for dead. It was during this time that his wife finally left him. He reappeared in the employ of drug lord Nick Lambert, who hired Bushwacker to kill reporter Ben Urich, who was about to run a story of his illegal activities. Instead, when Bushwacker learned the truth, he allowed Urich to live and to complete the exposé. However, the drug lord managed to bribe himself out of jail. Bushwacker then killed him. Bushwacker was later freed by Deathlok from captivity by Mechadoom, a rogue Doombot variant.

Subsequent activities brought him into conflict with Daredevil, Nomad, the Punisher, Boomerang, and Elektra. His clash with Nomad was over the life of a baby that Nomad had taken under his care whom Bushwacker believed to be the daughter of Troy Donohue, Burbank's ex-brother-in-law (she was in the fact the daughter of Nomad's foe, the drug lord Umberto Saffilios and a teenaged prostitute). Bushwacker hoped that his wife would approve of his "rescue" and welcome him back into her life.

Imprisoned in the super-villain holding facility the Raft, Burbank escaped during the mass breakout engineered by Electro. Burbank was subsequently employed by the Jackal to kill the Punisher, but was defeated once again by Daredevil. Following this, Bushwacker created a disturbance in downtown Manhattan and took a woman hostage to lure the Punisher out of hiding and kill him. The Punisher showed up as expected. As it turns out, G.W. Bridge arranged the incident in Times Square with Bushwacker to ambush and capture The Punisher. Although complications arose by an on-site NYPD officer the incident fell through, the Punisher escaped, and Bushwacker was defeated by S.H.I.E.L.D. operative G. W. Bridge and put back in jail.

The Hood has hired him as part of his criminal organization to take advantage of the split in the superhero community caused by the Superhuman Registration Act. He helped them fight the New Avengers but was taken down by Doctor Strange.

As part of the Hood's gang, he later joins the fight against the Skrull invading force in New York City. He was with the Hood when he presented the Scorpion costume to whichever crook impressed him until the party was crashed by Scorpion, who stole the costume.

Bushwacker was seen during the Siege of Asgard as part of the Hood crime syndicate.

In X-Force: Sex and Violence #2, Bushwacker was seriously injured by Wolverine after an assassination attempt on him and Domino. He was stabbed with a middle claw to the throat.

During the "Civil War II" storyline, Kingpin encounters Bushwacker in San Francisco.

During a 2019 storyline in The Immortal Hulk, Bushwacker appeared to be killed when Hulk exploded after being bathed in too much Gamma radiation.

Powers and abilities
Bushwacker's arms and skin had been modified using malleable plastic that appears human, but has transformable biomolecular structure which affords him a great many unique powers and abilities. On top of this he has been altered bionically so that his hands can function as a gun, sword or other such armament he can think of.

Burbank can fire bullets from his index finger as if his hand were a pistol. With a thought, he can alter the configuration of his right or left arm, allowing either to function in several modes that replicate the effects of a number of weapons. Including a machine gun, shotgun or even energy based cannonry. He employs powerful gadgets and weapons, most notably a flamethrower, all of which can be created by the mechanical prostheses that have replaced his forearms. He manages to load the weapons by swallowing ammo, such as bullets or flamethrower fuel. There are some versions that take this a step further, having Bushwacker be able to use highly concussive energy weaponry (very similar to that of Iron Man or War Machine), and even be able to morph his arm into blades as a last resort. Bushwacker's skin can liquefy to seal wounds, he even boasts a kind of healing ability that can seemingly revive him even from fatal injury.

In the Daredevil vs. Punisher miniseries, it was implied that his powers are actually a natural mutation, making the assassin himself one of the mutants he hates so much. =

Bushwacker has been trained in CIA hand-to-hand combat techniques, and is trained in infiltration and assassination. He also has familiarity with the workings of international intelligence agencies and their methods.

House of M
Bushwacker appeared in the House of M reality spin-off House of M: Masters of Evil.

Video games

 * Bushwacker appears in The Punisher (1993) as a servant of the Kingpin.
 * Bushwacker appears in The Punisher (2005), voiced by Phil Hayes. This version works for the Gnucci family.
 * Bushwacker appears as a playable character in The Punisher: No Mercy.

title: Bushwacker (comics)


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Pat Cashin

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete. - Mailer Diablo 23:18, 3 September 2005 (UTC)

Pat Cashin
Person does not really seem to exist; the alleged town of origin does not seem to exist either, and this article is the first hit on Google for both. --claviola (talk to me)  18:15, 26 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete as per above. --claviola (talk to me)  18:19, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Vanity. *drew 01:39, 28 August 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


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User:Mkns

Kenny Scott

title: User:Mkns


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User talk:MaryFuckingPoppins

Hi, welcome to Wikipedia. Unfortunately, your username is inappropriate, in line with our blocking policy. You are encouraged to create a new account and contribute to Wikipedia under a more appropriate username, and in a constructive manner. See Username for guidance on selecting an appropriate username. You may also edit Wikipedia without creating an account. You are not allowed to edit Wikipedia under an inappropriate username. If you would like to discuss this, you may edit your talk page or email me.

If you want to keep the contributions from your old account for your new one, leave a note on Changing username. This can only be done before you create the new one. --Phroziac (talk) 18:15, 26 August 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:MaryFuckingPoppins