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Marina Sirtis

Marina Sirtis (born 29 March 1955) is a British actress. She is best known for her role as Counselor Deanna Troi on the television series Star Trek: The Next Generation and four Star Trek feature films, as well as other appearances in the Star Trek franchise.

Early life
Marina Sirtis was born in Hackney, London, the daughter of Greek parents, Despina, a tailor's assistant, and John Sirtis. She was brought up in Harringay, North London.

When she was three years old, Sirtis says, the teenage sons of her babysitter sexually molested her. Sirtis suffered from an eating disorder, which emerged due to the trauma of the assault. After suffering from the disorder for 20 years, she went into therapy in the 1990s and was able to manage the trauma and learn to eat healthily again.

While still in secondary school, Sirtis secretly auditioned for drama school against her parents' wishes, ultimately being accepted to the Guildhall School of Music and Drama.

In 1976, at the age of 21, Sirtis graduated from Guildhall and began her career by joining the Connaught Theatre.

In 1986, Sirtis emigrated to the United States, settling in Los Angeles to boost her career. She later became a naturalized US citizen.

Early work
Sirtis started her career as a member of the repertory company at the Connaught Theatre, Worthing, West Sussex, in 1976. Directed by Nic Young, she appeared in Joe Orton's What the Butler Saw and as Ophelia in Hamlet.

Before her role in Star Trek, Sirtis was featured in supporting roles in several films. In the 1983 Faye Dunaway film The Wicked Lady, she engaged in a whip fight with Dunaway. In the Charles Bronson sequel Death Wish 3, Sirtis' character is a rape victim. In the film Blind Date, she appears as a sex worker who is murdered by a madman.

Other early works include numerous guest-starring roles on British television series. Sirtis appeared in Raffles (1977), Who Pays the Ferryman (1977), Hazell (1978), Minder (1979), the Jim Davidson sitcom Up the Elephant and Round the Castle (1985), and The Return of Sherlock Holmes (1986). She also played the flight attendant in a 1979 Cinzano Bianco television commercial starring Leonard Rossiter and Joan Collins, in which Collins was splattered with drink.

Star Trek: The Next Generation
In 1986, Sirtis relocated to the United States. When casting Star Trek: The Next Generation, Gene Roddenberry was inspired to ask Sirtis, whose appearance he considered "exotic", to audition for a role after seeing the film Aliens with Bob Justman, which featured the prominent Latina character Vasquez, played by Jenette Goldstein. Sirtis and Denise Crosby initially tried out for each other's eventual roles on The Next Generation. Sirtis' character was going to be named Lt. Macha Hernandez, the Security Chief. Gene Roddenberry decided to switch them, and Macha Hernandez became Tasha Yar. Sirtis recalls that on the day she received the call offering her the role, she was actually packing to return to Britain because her six-month visa had expired.

Deanna Troi is a half-human, half-Betazoid. Her Betazoid abilities allow her to read the emotions of others. Her position on the Enterprise-D is ship's counselor, looking after the crew's well-being and serving as trusted advisor to Captain Picard, with a position next to him on the bridge. Initially, the writers found it difficult to write for Troi and even left her out of four first-season episodes. Sirtis felt her job was in jeopardy after the first season, but was overjoyed when Roddenberry took her aside at Jonathan Frakes' wedding and told her that the season-two premiere episode would center on Troi.

Sirtis appeared in all seven seasons of Star Trek: The Next Generation, and her character was developed from a more passive therapist to a tougher Starfleet officer. She has stated her favourite episode is season six's "Face of the Enemy", in which she is kidnapped and surgically altered to pose as a Romulan. Troi's switching to a standard Starfleet uniform in the same season in "Chain of Command" elevated the character's dignity in Sirtis' eyes, and her enthusiasm in playing her, with Sirtis commenting, "It covered up my cleavage and, consequently, I got all my brains back, because when you have a cleavage you can't have brains in Hollywood. So I got all my brains back and I was allowed to do things that I hadn't been allowed to do for five or six years. I went on away teams, I was in charge of staff, I had my pips back, I had phasers, I had all the equipment again, and it was fabulous. I was absolutely thrilled."

During her time on the show, she became close friends with her co-stars Jonathan Frakes (who played Commander Riker), Michael Dorn (Lieutenant Worf) and Brent Spiner (who played Lieutenant Commander Data). The latter cast members were groomsmen at her wedding.

She wore black-coloured contact lenses during the seven-year run of Star Trek: The Next Generation and the subsequent films because her character had black eyes. Her own eyes are light brown.

She usually wore hairpieces for her role as Troi. Sirtis' real hair was slightly shorter and, although curly, was not as bouffant as her character's. However, Sirtis' real hair was used in the pilot episode, and also in the first six episodes of season six, in which Troi sported a more natural looking pony-tailed style. She was also asked to create an accent (described as a mixture of Eastern European and Israeli) for her character, although her natural accent is Cockney. Over time, the accent was adjusted and became more Americanized.

Other Star Trek works
Sirtis reprised her character in the feature films Star Trek Generations (1994), Star Trek: First Contact (1996), Star Trek: Insurrection (1998), and Star Trek: Nemesis (2002).

Sirtis was delighted to get the chance to do some comedy in Star Trek: First Contact and said, "I loved it because it opened the door to a different side of Troi we'd never seen before. That door has stayed open and that whole kind of wacky, zany Troi thing has continued into the next movie, which is great for me because I like to do things that are different." Sirtis stated of her role in Star Trek: Nemesis, "I sort of had an inkling that I was going to have a good part in this film because John Logan was such a big fan of the character. So I knew that he would do her some justice."

Sirtis also appeared in Star Trek: Voyager for three episodes toward the end of the series (1999 and 2000), and the series finale of Star Trek: Enterprise (2005). She next returned to her role as Deanna Troi in 2020 in Star Trek: Picard episode "Nepenthe". She also reprised the role in "No Small Parts", the first-season finale of Star Trek: Lower Decks.

Sirtis voiced the Enterprise's computer in the web series Star Trek Continues.

Other work
While filming Star Trek: The Next Generation, Sirtis returned to the UK during the hiatus between seasons three and four in 1990 to film a drama special titled One Last Chance for the BBC. In 1992, she appeared in an episode of the short-lived series The Fifth Corner and had a cameo in the horror/fantasy film Waxwork II: Lost in Time. After the end of Star Trek: The Next Generation in 1994, Sirtis continued to work regularly. Her first role was a departure from previous work, an abused wife in the series Heaven Help Us.

She provided the voice of Demona in the animated Disney television series Gargoyles for two seasons starting in 1994. Her Next Generation co-stars, Frakes (as the voice of David Xanatos), Spiner and Dorn, also lent their voices to the show. She voiced the character again for an episode of the unmade animated series Team Atlantis.

In 1996, Sirtis starred as a villainous police detective in the British made-for-television film, Gadgetman. She played a villainess once again when she guest-starred as a race-track owner under investigation following the death of a driver in Diagnosis: Murder in 1998. The independent film Paradise Lost, with Sirtis in a starring role, was released in 1999.

Beginning in 1999, Sirtis returned to science-fiction television in a number of roles starting with The Outer Limits. The same year, she appeared in Earth: Final Conflict, originally created by Gene Roddenberry. In 2000, she played a Russian scientist in Stargate SG-1. Sirtis was interviewed in the October 2000 issue of SFX magazine in the UK; the cover stated, "Marina Sirtis is Everywhere", also referring to her reprisal of her character Deanna Troi on Star Trek: Voyager.

In 2001, Sirtis made a highly publicised appearance on the long-running British hospital drama Casualty. She played a politician with controversial views on the National Health Service. When she meets with a man with whom she is having an affair at a hotel, she is caught in an explosion. She appeared in the made-for-television films Terminal Error in 2002 and Net Games in 2003. Also in 2003, she guest-starred in the ABC series Threat Matrix playing a biological weapons scientist from Iraq.

Sirtis starred in the film Spectres in 2004, and at ShockerFest International Film Festival, she won the best actress award.

Sirtis had a minor role in the Academy Award-winning ensemble film Crash as the wife of the Persian shopkeeper. Following this, she played another Middle Eastern role in the series The Closer in 2005. In 2006, she had a three-episode recurring role as a love match-maker on Girlfriends, and she guest-starred in Without a Trace. In 2007, Sirtis starred in the SyFy channel production of Grendel, where she played Queen Onela. Independent film Trade Routes, The Deep Below, and Lesser of Three Evils were released. She provided the voice for Matriarch Benezia in the critically acclaimed video game Mass Effect on Xbox 360, PlayStation 3 and PC.

In 2008, she made a guest appearance in an episode of the Casualty spin-off show Holby City. The same year, the sci-fi/drama film Inalienable, written by Star Trek alumnus Walter Koenig, was released. Sirtis said of her role, "I actually play the Deputy Attorney General of the United States, so I'm a bad guy, a mean lawyer, which was fantastic."

The direct-to-DVD sequels Green Street 2 and The Grudge 3, featuring Sirtis, were released in 2009. She co-starred in the British film 31 North 62 East as the prime minister's top aide; it had a limited theatrical release in the UK. Sirtis guest-starred in the first episode of the short-lived hospital drama Three Rivers. She returned to SyFy in December 2009 in the disaster film Annihilation Earth.

In 2010, Sirtis guest-starred as a Swiss doctor in two episodes of ABC Family's Make It or Break It. In May 2010, Sirtis announced that she would be providing the voice for comic-book villainess Queen Bee in the Young Justice animated series. She provided her voice for a number of episodes from 2011 until its cancellation in 2013. In March 2011, Sirtis guest-starred on an episode of Grey's Anatomy. She played an Iranian mother who was at the hospital to participate in a medical trial for Alzheimer's disease.

In 2012, the vampire film Speed Demons, in which Sirtis co-starred, was released to pay-per-view services. The same year, she played a fortune teller in the Castlevania fan-made series posted on YouTube. She accepted a recurring role as director of Mossad on NCIS. Her character, Orli Elbaz, succeeds Eli David (portrayed by Michael Nouri) and was introduced in the season-10 episode "Berlin", which aired in April 2013. She subsequently appeared in the second episode of season 11, which aired in early October 2013, and in the season 13 finale "Family First".

In 2014, she co-starred in the SyFy channel horror film Finders Keepers. The following year, she appeared in the British film A Dark Reflection, and in 2016, Sirtis starred in the Hallmark Channel film My Summer Prince. In 2019, Sirtis made her London West End stage debut in Dark Sublime, playing the character of Marianne, a freelance actor and now-forgotten icon of a British sci-fi TV show, whose encounter with a fan changes both of their lives.

In 2019, the video game Elite Dangerous released an alternative voice (named Carina) for the 'COVAS' in-game ship computer, voiced by Sirtis.

Personal life
Sirtis married Michael Lamper, an actor and rock guitarist, in 1992. Lamper died in his sleep on 7 December 2019. In 2021, Sirtis moved back to London, citing Lamper's death, growing tensions in the U.S. surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic response, and a desire for career opportunities in British film and television.

Awards and honours

 * 2024 – Saturn Awards – Lifetime Achievement Award – The Cast of Star Trek: The Next Generation

title: Marina Sirtis


text:
East-West Railway, Venezuela

The East-West Railway, Venezuela is a project to connect the east and the west of Venezuela by a route running south of the Venezuelan Coastal Range. Transporting both cargo and passengers, it would help to unite the country, strengthening links between cities the railway passes through, by connecting the East, West, Central West and Central South forming an interconnecting matrix of transport links.

In the 1990s the State Railways Institution had plans for many new sections of railway (see map in that article), including these -

Section: Maturín - Anaco - Zaraza - Valle de la Pascua - Calabozo
(Length: 470 km)  This section supports agricultural development, cattle and industrial areas, as well as bringing important changes to the economy, populous areas, allowing better use to take advantage of the network of main roads and layout of land. Also, it meets requirements of both cargo and passenger transport.

Section: Turén - El Baúl - Calabozo
(Length: 210 km) The construction and operation of the railway section to find another route to provide development to influential areas next to the rivers Orinoco and Apure, through the identification, promotion and organisation of a series of productive and social activities. The aim is to occupy more land and to bring about further trade.

Tinaco-Anaco railway
As part of a National Rail Development Plan, most of the East-West railway was incorporated in a planned standard gauge 290 mi Tinaco-Anaco railway, inaugurated with Chinese funding in 2009. About a fifth of the work had been done by 2012. However, it appears construction stalled in 2013, though the route remains on the State Railways Institution's map of railways under construction.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: East-West Railway, Venezuela


text:
Haebangchon

Haebangchon (HBC; ) is a district of Yongsan-gu, in Seoul, South Korea. It is one of the oldest neighborhoods in central Seoul. It is also known as the neighborhood at the foot of Namsan (남산자락). The neighborhood's close proximity to Itaewon and the Yongsan Garrison US Army facility has made the area popular with expatriates and military staff. In recent years, the area has become a haven for people from a variety of English-speaking nations. The neighborhood is home to Korean residents, as well as Americans, Canadians, Filipinos, Australians, New Zealanders, South Africans, Britons, Nigerians, Russians and Ecuadorians who have found their home in the "Freedom Village". Many businesses in HBC are foreign-owned and offer a distinct flavor not found elsewhere in Seoul.

Recently, Haebangchon has become the 'new' area in Yongsan to open or establish a new business. It became one of the hot places in Seoul juxtaposed with Itaewon and Gyeonglidan-gil (right across the street from Haebangchon). On the old alleyways up to Namsan, cafes, restaurants, pubs, studios, and bakeries are taking up. It is known for its unique atmosphere of co-existence of past and present, Korean and foreign. The HBC Music festival has been a main component in drawing people and new business to the Haebangchon area.

History
Haebangchon was originally the site of a shooting field used by the 20th division of the Japanese military. A government office of the U.S. army took over the area after liberation in 1945. However, its control was limited and the area was settled by refugees from the North and returning citizens (귀환동포). It was the origin of the shanty town (판자촌) and became a magnet for those who returned after liberation but had lost their hometowns.

Geography
Haebangchon is a small village in Yongsan-gu, in the center of Seoul, South Korea. It is accessible by public transport: it is close to Noksapyung Station of Line 6 of Seoul Metro. Most of the Yongsan-2-ga postal area and a part of Yongsan-1-ga are included. It is overlooked by the Namsan Mountain and is south of the Namsan Tower.

Culture
Haebangchon is a multi-cultural neighborhood in Seoul, aligned with Itaewon and Gyeongnidan-gil. According to 2013 statistics, 1,065 out of 12,648 residents of Yongsan-2-ga are foreign. This can also be seen in and around the Sinheung-Ro area. Studios, art spaces, and food outlet from many cuisines line the main roads, and a few newer shops have appeared in smaller and more residential side streets. There is a convergence between residence and commercial space in HBC; however, the buildings have always had the first floor as either parking or a business space for many years in HBC. In 2018 Minerva Schools at KGI opened a campus in Haebangchon bringing with it around 200 international students to live in the area from September to December.

Art Village
Recently Yongsan-gu Office and the neighbors finished the Art Village Project. As a result, the old alleys are decorated with murals and artworks.

108 Stairway
There is a steep hill with 108 stairs, called 108 Heaven stairway (108 하늘계단). It was built during the Japanese Colonial era to allow easy access to the shrine. After independence from Japan, the shrine was demolished but the stairway remained. The stairway was used as a location in the TV series Something Happened in Bali.

Haebangchon Five-way Intersection
The interaction is just as it was in the old days. There is Sinheung Market (신흥시장). About 25 years ago, the market used to be crowded; however, nowadays, there are only three or four stores left.

Hae Bang Chon Music Festival
The premiere independent music festival in Seoul, Korea, Hae Bang Chon (HBC) music festival has been running in the Yongsan area since 2006. It was founded by Lance Reegan-Diehl and DEELEEBOB music along with James Gaynor. Musical attractions and people from all parts of Korea and the world assemble for live music performed by both professional and amateur artists, including open mic sessions. The HBC Festival takes place twice a year: the May Music Festival and the Fall Music Festival.

title: Haebangchon


text: Talk:List of NHL players (L)

title: Talk:List of NHL players (L)


text: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Veritee

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Veritee


text:
Hugo Anzorreguy

Hugo Alfredo Anzorreguy Recobiche (born July 10, 1938) was the Secretary of Intelligence of the Argentine Republic from January 30, 1990 to December 10, 1999, during most of Carlos Menem's presidency. At nine years, Anzorreguy was the longest serving Secretary of Intelligence, and was the head of SIDE during some of its most scandalous years.

Anzorreguy was born in the city of Buenos Aires, where he studied to be a lawyer. He is currently indicted in the AMIA Bombing case for tampering with evidence.

title: Hugo Anzorreguy


text:
Germaine Mason

Germaine Mason (20 January 1983 – 20 April 2017) was a Jamaican-born track and field athlete competing in high jump. In 2006, he switched sporting allegiance, and then represented Great Britain. As a Great Britain competitor, he won the Silver Medal at the 2008 Summer Olympics.

Career
Mason won silver and bronze medals at the World Junior Championships in 2000 and 2002 respectively, the latter event held in his hometown of Kingston. His first medal at senior level came at the 2003 Pan American Games in Santo Domingo, when he won a gold medal, having achieved a personal best jump of 2.34 metres. He finished fifth at the World Championships the same year.

The following seasons saw him drop to 2.25 m (2004) and 2.27 m (2005), but 2.25 m was enough to win a bronze medal at the 2004 IAAF World Indoor Championships. The medal was won jointly with Jaroslav Bába and Ştefan Vasilache.

Mason was eligible to represent Great Britain because his father David was born in London. Mason's mother persuaded him to switch allegiance, and Mason's change in nationality was ratified by athletics' governing body, the IAAF, in 2006.

Mason won a silver medal for Great Britain at the Beijing Olympics on 19 August 2008. He equalled his personal best of 2.34 m, beaten only by Russia's Andrey Silnov with 2.36 m. It was Great Britain's first track and field medal of the games.

Death
Mason died in a motorbike accident on 20 April 2017 at the age of 34. Upon returning from a soca party he was riding his motorbike when he crashed. His funeral was held at the Hagley Park Seventh-day Adventist Church in Kingston, Jamaica. His friend Usain Bolt was a pallbearer and dug the grave of Mason.

title: Germaine Mason


text:
Campo Magro

Campo Magro is a town and suburb of Curitiba in the state of Paraná, Brazil. It is a very young municipality, and its economy is growing around the road that links Curitiba to Castro, known as "Estrada do Cerne", a two way road. As of 2020, the estimated population was 29,740.

Ecotourism is a flourishing industry but its inconsistent growth has encouraged the inhabitants of the city to seek employment at Curitiba.

A very important source of income to the town are monthly payments from the federal and state governments for potable water provided to Curitiba.

Curitiba is expanding towards Campo Magro and is attracting real estate investment activity.

title: Campo Magro


text:
Small Business Server

Small Business Server can refer to:
 * Novell Small Business Server
 * Windows Small Business Server

title: Small Business Server


text:
User talk:J Lorraine

(Untitled)
Good work on the Suzuki article, thank you. Chelseaboy 10:14, 11 October 2005 (UTC)

(Untitled II)
Thanks for your encouragement on the violin article! Well on the way to addiction meself... muito obrigado! Just plain Bill 23:43, 18 January 2006 (UTC)

Image copyright problem with Image:John_S_Gibson_Jr.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:John_S_Gibson_Jr.jpg. However, the image may soon be deleted unless we can determine the copyright holder and copyright status. The Wikimedia Foundation is very careful about the images included in Wikipedia because of copyright law (see Wikipedia's Copyright policy).

The copyright holder is usually the creator, the creator's employer, or the last person who was transferred ownership rights. Copyright information on images on Wikipedia is signified using copyright templates. The three basic license types on Wikipedia are open content, public domain, and fair use. Find the appropriate template in Image copyright tags and place it on the image page like this:.

Please signify the copyright information on any other images you have uploaded or will upload. Remember that images without this important information can be deleted by an administrator. You can get help on image copyright tagging from Wikipedia talk:Image copyright tags. -- Carnildo 23:35, 31 January 2006 (UTC)

To Lorraine
The music played on that video game is not a popular music, it actualy is trying to made the heroine of the game to be in relation with the classic style. I don't know what to do. I don't know many things about music but this game made me to love the violin so I wnated to pay back somehow to this game, to make an article about the beautiful music that is played on that game. Thank you Lorraine. --Locke 22:31, 31 March 2006 (UTC)

Hello fellow musician!
Just dropping in to say hi. Lady Nimue of the Lake 07:36, 11 September 2006 (UTC)

Concerning Jeffrey Irvine notability
The article was originally nominated for a speedy deletion on the grounds that no notability was asserted. His association with CIM, in my estimation, was some assertion of notability. At the time, the article did not have much additional information.

An article's nomination WP:AFD does not mean that the article will be deleted. It is review process.

Expanding the article with more information about Irving, especially notability, is important. I've reviewed the CIM bio. There is more information there that can be included to expand on his notabilty — chaired position at CIM, association with Oberlin, Master teacher, etc. The words "teacher" and "player" are nouns that don't do justice. Perhaps, professor and violist; or renown viola master teacher, CIM professor, international performer ...

— ERcheck (talk) 11:11, 22 September 2006 (UTC)

Please see Aaron Jones now I have added a bit of detail - he is a noted Irish bouzouki player but someone has put the areticle up for deletion -ridiculous. Ernst Stavro Blofeld "I've been expecting you" 13:14, 2 March 2007 (UTC)

Category:Superintendents
I noticed that you have previously been involved in editing Category:Superintendents, which appears to be intended for state and local school superintendents in the United States. The current category name seems to be vague, and I was wondering if I could get your opinion on changing it to something more specific, although I am not entirely sure what the name should be changed to. --TommyBoy (talk) 22:01, 2 April 2008 (UTC)

 * Also not sure. The people in the category are indeed identified as "superintendents" or "education superintendents" or "school superintendents" on their respective pages.  Perhaps a link to Superintendent (education) on the category page?  I can't think of anything more specific at the moment J Lorraine (talk) 09:13, 3 April 2008 (UTC)

Orphaned non-free media (Image:MuPhiEpsilonShield.gif)
Thanks for uploading Image:MuPhiEpsilonShield.gif. The media description page currently specifies that it is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, it is currently orphaned, meaning that it is not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the media was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that media for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable for use on Wikipedia (see our policy for non-free media).

If you have uploaded other unlicensed media, please check whether they're used in any articles or not. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that all non-free media not used in any articles will be deleted after seven days, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. BJBot (talk) 05:31, 10 October 2008 (UTC)

Categories for discussion nomination of Category:Teachers of computer science
Category:Teachers of computer science, which you created, has been nominated for deletion, merging, or renaming. If you would like to participate in the discussion, you are invited to add your comments at the category's entry on the Categories for discussion page. Thank you. Ricky81682 (talk) 07:16, 23 July 2010 (UTC)

They're both small and meant to encourage good character through learning
That is all.75.161.80.119 (talk) 10:47, 26 September 2010 (UTC)

luthier
Please help me stop an editor from violating WP:ENGVAR by censoring well-sourced information about US usage. Ironically he even feels authorised to remove Oxford Dictionary information that he feels is wrong. --Espoo (talk) 22:36, 29 November 2010 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of Edward Kreitman

The article Edward Kreitman has been proposed for deletion  because of the following concern:
 * I couldn't establish that he meets WP:BIO or WP:GNG. Seems purely promotional.

While all constructive contributions to Wikipedia are appreciated, content or articles may be deleted for any of several reasons.

You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the notice, but please explain why in your edit summary or on the article's talk page.

Please consider improving the article to address the issues raised. Removing will stop the proposed deletion process, but other deletion processes exist. In particular, the speedy deletion process can result in deletion without discussion, and articles for deletion allows discussion to reach consensus for deletion. Boleyn (talk) 08:53, 7 January 2015 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 13:09, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 13:33, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

Category:Theology teachers has been nominated for discussion
Category:Theology teachers, which you created, has been nominated for possible deletion, merging, or renaming. A discussion is taking place to see if it abides with the categorization guidelines. If you would like to participate in the discussion, you are invited to add your comments at the category's entry on the categories for discussion page. Thank you. Marcocapelle (talk) 20:17, 6 April 2016 (UTC)

Category:English teachers has been nominated for discussion
Category:English teachers, which you created, has been nominated for possible deletion, merging, or renaming. A discussion is taking place to decide whether this proposal complies with the categorization guidelines. If you would like to participate in the discussion, you are invited to add your comments at the category's entry on the categories for discussion page. Thank you. Rathfelder (talk) 11:02, 31 January 2020 (UTC)

Category:Philosophy teachers has been nominated for deletion
Category:Philosophy teachers has been nominated for deletion. A discussion is taking place to decide whether this proposal complies with the categorization guidelines. If you would like to participate in the discussion, you are invited to add your comments at the category's entry on the categories for discussion page. Thank you.  - car chasm (talk) 07:47, 18 February 2023 (UTC)

title: User talk:J Lorraine


text:
User talk:Tenthweb

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, please be sure to sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~~~) to produce your name and the current date, or three tildes (~~~) for just your name. If you have any questions, you can post to the help desk or ask me on my talk page. Again, welcome! Hyacinth 10:47, 2 September 2005 (UTC)
 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
 * Help pages
 * Tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Manual of Style

title: User talk:Tenthweb


text:
User talk:Gianluca91

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, please be sure to sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~~~) to produce your name and the current date, or three tildes (~~~) for just your name. If you have any questions, you can post to the help desk or ask me on my talk page. Again, welcome! Hyacinth 10:47, 2 September 2005 (UTC)
 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
 * Help pages
 * Tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Manual of Style

Talkback
 axg  // ✉  ]] ''' 00:20, 18 March 2014 (UTC)

Changing sources
Gianluca, it has been noted that you constantly change sources on Eurovision articles to those published by ESCToday. This is raising concerns that there may be a conflict of interest or a biased approach. Wikipedia is not to be seen as favouring towards a specific website, and must use citations from a wide variety of websites. Also the most earliest publication is the preferred choice of citation. If you continue with this disruptiveness, then a temporary loss of editing privileges may occur.  Wes Mouse  ✒  12:03, 19 October 2015 (UTC)

 * Sorry, I apologize if it may seem that way, but I swear that I'm really not involved with that website, I'm not an editor or anything. The only reason why only sometimes I change sources is because the other sources are not really sources, they just do nothing but mention other unreliable sources themselves... for example, the previous source for Hungary wasn't really a source, if you read it you will notice it yourself. Other websites such as Eurovoix or Wiwibloggs are not really reliable, trust me. Most of the time they just make up articles, just like when Eurovoix literally invented the return of Turkey. Gianluca91 (talk) 12:23, 19 October 2015 (UTC)

 * Gianluca, seriously this must stop. You cannot make slanderous accusations about websites and stating they are not reliable. Wikipedia does not, and MUST NOT, favour any specific website. I think it is time you familiarised yourself with a lot of the rules around here. Such as what Wikipedia is not, and dealing with primary, secondary and tertiary sources. If a publication mentions where it got its news from, then that makes the publication more reliable then if they were to have published an "exclusive". The community have used Eurovoix and other Eurovision websites for the past 10 years now, and believe me they have never yet published any lies. You may also want to check the full list of sources that have been classified as being reliable sources. If you continue to change sources in favour of your personal "favourite" website, then your actions will be seen as disruptive. And trust me you do not want to disrupt Wikipedia to illustrate a point as that can lead to a block.  Wes Mouse  ✒  06:55, 20 October 2015 (UTC)

 * The only one who's accusing is you. I didn't do anything, the only times when I mentioned ESCToday as a source was when it was the primary source for the confirmation of many countries. The fact that Eurovoix invented the return of Turkey is not my imagination, it's a matter of fact. Not talking about all those fake Wiwibloggs articles. Besides, mentioning the earlier source instead of the later one is clearly wrong, as the countries start officially submitting their paperwork to participate in Eurovision in September/October, not in summer. Therefore, all of the summer "news" are not the reliable ones. Also, the source about Hungary that is being quoted in the ESC 2016 article is really silly, I mean, that's just a general article where there is written "Oh, and then also someone has said during ESC that Hungary will participate next year". Do you really believe this a source? ESCToday's article about Hungary was much more complete and it also talked about the NF, this is why I thought changing it was a good idea. Of course all of this is just my opinion, and I want you to know it, I don't wanna break the rules or anything. In general, there's not any bad intention from my part and I'm not related to ESCToday, I already told you that. But if you wanna keep mentioning weak sources, it's fine by me. Anyway, I've noticed that you are used to complain a lot about my edits in general, I found other messages of you here in my user talk that I deleted because they were just mere baseless accusations. I kindly ask you to stop doing writing these posts with this kind of tone, thank you. Good morning Gianluca91 (talk) 09:53, 20 October 2015 (UTC)

 * I have not accused anything bad towards other websites. You are the one who did. Remember that all pages on Wikipedia, including talk pages, are visible to the whole world. Even deleting content can still be viewed via the page history. You accused Eurovoix and Wiwibloggs of being unreliable. There are employees from both Eurovoix, Wiwibloggs, and other Eurovision websites, that are also editors for WikiProject Eurovision and they could easily come along and read your comments above and the way you are making bad faith accusations towards them. They would be within their right to make a complaint to the Wikimedia Foundation about your conduct. And that could result in a block. I am only pointing the wider consequences that may happen, so that you can avoid getting into trouble. Something which I am sure you would not want to happen. Eurovoix did not make up lies about Turkey at the time of their publication. They quoted their news stating it came from a Turkish website. That made the Eurovoix news a secondary source. News can change over time, and when it does, we update the articles - as has been done in this case.
 * As for it being "clearly wrong" to use an earlier source is partially incorrect. ESCXtra's source verifies that Hungary have confirmed participation. Does the latest source from ESCToday provide a date for a national final? If so, then that source would be used to verify the addition of dates within the table. And it is not me complaining either. If you would like to know, other editors have raised concerns at your behaviour and the way you change sources to specifically using ESCToday. One project member even discussed reporting the action to conflict of interest, but I managed to change their mind. You need to remember that you are an editor of a greater community, and we all work together as a team and to reach consensus when required. If you are not happy that other websites are being used as sources, then open a new debate at [{WT:ESC]]. Although I doubt you'd get much support in only using ESCToday as a source.  Wes Mouse  ✒  10:14, 20 October 2015 (UTC)

 * It's all a cheap, lame drama and I'm not interested in it. I don't wanna be involved in any of it. One thing is sure: there are a lot of ESC-related pages that mention Wiwibloggs, which is a BLOG and nothing else, instead of the official site of Eurovision. This basically says it all, really. Having said this, I already expressed all my opinions. Fine, if this is what you want, when there will be new news I'll just report them and I'll leave to you the burden of mentioning the appropriate source. I'm already done with it. Bye Gianluca91 (talk) 10:19, 20 October 2015 (UTC)

Now who's being the lame drama queen? "Wiwibloggs, which is a BLOG and nothing else". Can one not spell? The website uses 2 G's in its name, and despite the fact they call their company Wiwi bloggs (2 Gs) does not imply they are a "blog" (1 G). They are a newsblog website which is permissible per WP:NEWSBLOG to be used. Also you may wish to know that their website has undergone a rigorous checking process for reliability and verifiability. You alone cannot make the sole decision that a website is "unreliable" just because you personally don't like them and prefer a more personally favourable ESCToday. Besides, the EBU endorsed several ESC-related websites a while ago - which was discussed by WikiProject Eurovision. Both Eurovoix, Wiwibloggs, and ESCXtra were on the EBU's list of 'trusted websites. Learn your research please.  Wes Mouse  ✒  12:02, 20 October 2015 (UTC)

 * I thought it would've been better to ignore this post, but seriously, the things that are written here leave me speechless. The first part is simply hilarious, really. And anyway, it's not simply a matter of me disliking certain websites, it's a matter of constantly checking all of them and only few of them being serious. Something that Wiwibloggs and Eurovoix are not. Seeing it quoted so often in most of the pages instead of the official website of Eurovision is simply laughable. I can't believe that Wikipedia prefers websites which do nothing but just copy-paste (even Eurovoix.com quotes ESCToday often) instead of sites which bring in real news, and they are not even able to do that in a proper, professional way. Sorry but your "process of reliability and verifiability" kinda failed on this. Another example is when last year Wiwibloggs invented that Polina's song was called "Secret poison", do you remember that? And the EBU endorsing those websites is just for the accreditations, nothing more than that. Seriously, I don't wanna sound rude but having faith in certain "websites" is lack of professionality from Wikipedia's community's part. I have nothing more to say, just like I said before I'll keep reporting news but I'll lave to you the "honour" of mentioning Eurovoix and Wiwibloggs as sources. This is something I'll never do, because I prefer the official website of Eurovision or sites which report exact news on the participation of the countries, such as ESCToday. Bye. Gianluca91 (talk) 09:33, 21 October 2015 (UTC)

 * since you're accusing me again of favourizing ESCToday (when I haven't changed not even one source lately), then I assume that you never read this post that I wrote last year. Please, read it and get a grip. Gianluca91 (talk) 20:28, 1 April 2016 (UTC)
 * Yes I had read it last year, and as you signed off with a "bye", I did the correct thing and just dropped it and stopped feeding the troll. Telling me to "get a grip" however, is a personal attack. Consider your choice of words more cautiously in future. We wouldn't want one ending up in trouble now. And for the record, I am not the only editor who thinks you may work for ESCToday; so I cannot exactly be accused of casting accusations when others also have the same concerns about your conduct towards only using a specific website and disregard the usage of other reliable websites, including Eurovoix. That does sound off alarm bells that an editor is acting in what may be suspicious paid editing. Food for thought!  Wes Mouse   ✒  22:03, 1 April 2016 (UTC)

 * Lol, the fact that you never replied is because you actually know that I was right and you didn't know what to answer anymore. Besides, I don't know how many times I said that I don't work for ESCToday, I'm not paid and I'm not involved in any dirty practice. You can investigate about me as much as you want, you will still not be able to find anything bad about me, as there is NOTHING about me that you can condemn me about. I'm just a hardcore Eurovision fan and I know more about sources. Just accept this and stop attacking me. You aren't authorized at attacking me in this vile way, therefore, for the umpteenth time, I demand you to stop bashing me, since you have no right for this. Yours are personal attacks as well. If you don't share my opinion about sources, just drop it. Gianluca91 (talk) 22:48, 1 April 2016 (UTC)

 * HAHAHAHAHAHA you really make me laugh so much that my ribs are now starting to hurt. You really think the reason I never replied is because I had nothing to say and that you were right? You are pathetic and living in a fantasy world if that if what you really thought about me. If you really wish to know, I thought your reply was lame and bored the shit out of me, and I concentrated my time onto more useful things like moving into my new home, rather than waste it on some low-life cyber-bully like yourself. I don't need to share your opinion on sources, because I know how Wikipedia works and its policies on citations and sources - something which you are demonstrating a lack of knowledge about. WP:PSTS states that we are to use independent third-party sources, rather than primary ones. Eurovision.tv is a primary source; ESCToday is a secondary source; all the other even if they do quote the main 2 are classified as third-party sources; and it is those that are strongly encouraged to use. Now, who needs to get a grip and learn? Turn and face the mirror to seek the answer to that question. Goodbye! (and I turn walk away and work on things that do not bore me or people who are more vile than ISIS).  Wes Mouse  ✒  00:33, 2 April 2016 (UTC)

 * You can moan as much as you want, but I know what I'm talking about, and you'll never see me quoting sources from websites which literally invent news only to search for clicks, we already talked about this months ago. You can't force me to do that, I would rather prefer to make edits on the articles without reporting sources at all. The "news" about Turkey's return from Eurovoix and the "news" about Polina's entry called "Secret poison" from Wiwibloggs are enough examples (along with many others) for me to not take them seriously. They have the same credibility of Oikotimes. If Wikipedia's policy allows this lame and extremely amateurish attempt at dealing with sources, it's not my problem. So yeah, you better start dealing with it... and also, after all, what have you done so far? You don't have not even one valid proof against me and you tried to give credibility to your hilarious accusations by insulting me, calling me names and so on and on. But this pretty much doesn't work, your attempts are being kinda useless, you're not the first nor the last one who behaves this way about me. Just thank that I don't know how to report all these personal attacks that you've been making against me for months now, and therefore you're getting away with it. So, once and for all: forget about my existence and go on with your life. Gianluca91 (talk) 09:58, 2 April 2016 (UTC)

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Finishing off page moves
Gianluca, when you did the page move for Nina Radojičić, please remember to complete the action by finding all the articles that she is linked to, and changing the links on them. You shouldn't be leaving the task for others to tidy up after you.  Wes Mouse  ✒  10:13, 13 August 2016 (UTC)

 * First of all, I won't certainly waste my time checking whether all the pages have a link on the article that I moved, I mean, the fault is on who created the page with the wrongly-spelled surname, in the first place... and besides, even if other pages contain links to Radojčić, whenever one clicks on it, it's redirected to the same page. What's the problem, really? This is basic Wikipedia's functionality, it's called "redirects", never heard of it? Jeez, I'm so tired of you... You will never stop finding ridiculous excuses and pretexts to attack me, won't you? Gianluca91 (talk) 10:38, 13 August 2016 (UTC)

 * I am not finding "ridiculous excuses to attack you". And with you coming out with that kind of remark is actually an attack on myself. So one shouldn't be throwing stones, especially in glass houses. And if you read the procedures at Moving a page then you will see that what I wrote above was advice to you, and not an attack. When we do a page move, the burden is on the editor who performs the task to do so completely and change the links. Standard procedure, unfortunately.  Wes Mouse  ✒  11:56, 14 August 2016 (UTC)

Twitter as sources
Unfortunately, Gianluca, your edit to Eurovision 2017 has been removed. WikiProjct Eurovision does not accept WP:Twitter as a form of citation. Please reinsert the content once you have found a better and more reliable source. Wes Wolf Talk 16:35, 1 May 2017 (UTC)

 * Apart from the fact that that was the official account of the Bulgarian broadcaster, so I don't know what source could be more reliable than that one... but anyway, if that's so, why hasn't the edit about Switzerland been removed as well? That uses Twitter as a source too! Gianluca91 (talk) 16:48, 1 May 2017 (UTC)

 * I had not noticed Switzerland also used a Twitter source, but thanks for letting me know as that will also be removed. Wes Wolf Talk 16:54, 1 May 2017 (UTC)

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User talk:Soonershatguy

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title: User talk:Soonershatguy


text:
Atwell, Western Australia

Atwell is a suburb within the metropolitan area of Perth, Western Australia, situated 21 km south of Perth City, and located in the City of Cockburn local government area.

Geography
Situated on the Swan coastal plain, between the coast, and the Darling Scarp, the terrain is generally flat, with many small natural and created wetlands. It is situated on the western boundary of the Jandakot ground water protection area, and hence suburban development to the east is not permitted. It is bounded to the north by Armadale Road, the Kwinana Freeway to the west, Tapper Road to the east and to the south by Gibbs Road.

History
The Whadjuk Nyungar Aboriginal people were the first human inhabitants of the region, occupying the region from 40,000 years ago. The many lakes and wetlands of the region were important for sustenance and spiritually.

After European settlement of the Perth region in 1829, the land of much of the area including and surrounding what is now Atwell was granted to G Dunnage. The area was later part of the dairy property owned and operated for many years by Ernest Atwell. Originally it was purchased in the 1920s to rest horses he used in his livery stable business, which was conducted in Fremantle. It was later developed into one of the largest dairies in the Perth region. The huge amount of land was slowly sold off but the dairy was still operating until the late 1950s. The house and worker’s cottage were eventually demolished when the area was cleared for redevelopment.

Development of the suburb of Atwell began in the early 1990s through the creation of several housing estates such as Beeliar parklands. It has continued to expand with the estates, Atwell Waters, and Harvest Lakes being developed. Most of the available land in the suburb has now been developed for residential, parks and reserves, roads and some retail.

Statistics
Selected medians and averages from the 2016 census:

Community centres
There are two community centres in Atwell. The Atwell Community Centre on Reynardson Ave, and the Harvest Lakes Community Centre, situated in the grounds of Harmony Primary School.

Education
There are two primary schools in Atwell. Atwell Primary School was established in 1998 and had 773 students in Semester 1 of 2020. Harmony Primary School was established in 2004 and had 550 students in Semester 1 of 2020. The senior high school, Atwell College, established in 2008, had 1421 students in Semester 1 of 2020. Atwell College also incorporates the Kim Beazley Learning Community that enables the full-spectrum of opportunities for students with disabilities. There are also two child care centres that cater primarily for non-school age children.

Health
Atwell currently has a general practitioner's medical centre, an infant health clinic, a pharmacy and a physiotherapy clinic, near the retail precinct on Reynardson Ave. A second medical centre, pharmacies, physiotherapy clinic and an Optometrist have been established at the Harvest lakes retail precinct.

Retail
There are three retail precincts in Atwell. A small centre in the north on Lydon Blvd was opened in the late 1990s, consisting of a delicatessen and a Chinese restaurant. A second larger centre was opened on Reynardson Ave in central Atwell in the early 2000s consisting of a supermarket and several other food and service stores. A third shopping centre was completed in June 2014 in Harvest Lakes that consists of a Woolworths supermarket, a Cafe', Chinese and Italian restaurants and several other food and service stores.

Leisure
Atwell has a large number of parks and reserves. The two major parks are Atwell reserve, which has a lake, playgrounds, skate park and barbecue facilities and Harvest lakes park which has a lake and playgrounds.

Sports
Atwell Oval is the main sporting ground with two sports fields for Football in Winter and Cricket in Summer. It has a clubhouse and change rooms for the Jandakot Jets Junior Football Club which plays Australian rules football, as well as Jandakot Lakes Junior Cricket Club which plays cricket. In addition, Softball and Tee ball are also played here. Atwell and Harmony Primary school ovals are open to the public and have cricket pitches and nets.

Public
Regular bus services on route 527, operates North to Cockburn Central railway station, located just outside the North Western boundary of Atwell, and Gateways regional shopping centre in Success, and South to Aubin Grove and Honeywood estate in Wandi. Train services connect to Perth and Mandurah. Aubin Grove train station which actually straddles Atwell and Success opened in April 2017.

Bus

 * 233 Cockburn Central Station to Gosnells Station – serves Beeliar Drive and Armadale Road
 * 518 Cockburn Central Station to Murdoch TAFE – serves Beeliar Drive and Armadale Road
 * 523 Cockburn Central Station to Treeby – serves Beeliar Drive and Armadale Road
 * 527 Cockburn Central Station to Aubin Grove Station – serves Beeliar Drive, Armadale Road, Tapper Road, Lydon Boulevard, Waters Avenue, Brenchley Drive, Beenyup Road, Harmony Avenue, Harvest Lakes Boulevard and Lyon Road

Rail

 * Mandurah Line
 * Aubin Grove Station

Road
Atwell is well connected with transport infrastructure, being situated adjacent to a transport hub at Perth's southern approaches. Access to Perth in the North and Rockingham / Mandurah in the South is via the Kwinana Freeway which is accessible via interchanges at Armadale Road and Gibbs Road. East Access to Armadale is via Armadale Road. Western access to Fremantle is via Beeliar Drive and North Lake Road.

Pedestrian and cycling
Footpaths and dual use cycle paths are present on all of the major roads within Atwell. A dual use path on Armadale Road leads to the Kwinana Freeway dual use path, which connects to the more than 750 km cycle routes in the Perth Region.

title: Atwell, Western Australia


text:
Aubin Grove, Western Australia

Aubin Grove is a suburb of Perth, Western Australia in the City of Cockburn. The suburb was approved in 2003.

The suburb has grown rapidly, from a population of 351 at the 2006 census to a population of 6,786, as per the 2021 census.

History
Aubin Grove was formerly part of the rural locality of Banjup. It is named after Henry John Aubin, who leased agricultural land in the area in 1897. Aubin is said to have taken Lot 212, a lot which very closely resembles the current shape and size of Aubin Grove. His land borded Lyon Road and Gibbs Road (As it does today), and also a shared boundary with James Hammond's plot to the west. His plot was converted into modern-day Hammond Park.

Important Roads
Source:

Lyon Road
This road serves as Aubin Grove's main road, with connections to important roads that connect Aubin Grove to the Kwinana Freeway. The road is named after John McMurray Lyon, who owned a plot in the area.

Gaebler Road
Aubin Grove's second major road. It connects the suburb to neighbouring Banjup. The road is named after German migrant Waldemar Gaebler. He requested the development of the road as its continuation, Oxley Road, bordered his property.

Geographical Location
Aubin Grove is located in the City of Cockburn's East Ward, and lies South of the Swan River.

It borders Atwell and Success to the North-East and North-West (respectively), Banjup and Hammond Park to the East and West (respectively), and Wandi to the South.

Transport
Aubin Grove stays well-connected to the rest of Perth thanks to Transperth services operating in the area.

The Aubin Grove Railway Station, located in the neighbouring suburb Atwell, opened on 23 April 2017. The station lies on the Mandurah line, with trains heading towards Perth and Mandurah.

Transperth Bus Service no. 537 serves Aubin Grove and the neighbouring suburb Wandi, connecting residents to the railway station.

Bus

 * 537 Aubin Grove Station to Wandi – serves Lyon Road

title: Aubin Grove, Western Australia


text:
Talk:Choice

Dish
Havxn 78.172.95.109 (talk) 22:16, 31 March 2023 (UTC)

This article is biased
As much as I've read about free will and choice, it seems to me that this article argues that choice is something that exists. As such, it appears to imply that an individual has the capability to make choices in reality. The article fails to touch upon whether or not choices exist. I'm having difficulty finding information on the matter on the Internet touching upon whether or not choices actually exist, which I find kind of unusual. I don't think choices exist because there would have to be the possibility to actually be able to choose something other than something someone chooses. No one has ever managed to prove such. 75.149.204.97 (talk) 19:17, 15 August 2023 (UTC)

Suggested improvements for this article
There are some improvements that could be made to this article:

75.149.204.97 (talk) 19:18, 15 August 2023 (UTC)
 * Discuss whether or not choices exist.
 * Discuss the history of the term and how it came to be

title: Talk:Choice


text:
Banjup, Western Australia

Banjup is a suburb of Perth, Western Australia, located within the City of Cockburn. Its postcode is 6164. It is approximately 25 km south of the Perth central business district.

Banjup mainly consists of rural residential properties, with an average lot size of 2 ha, together with a small number of agriculture-based businesses (horticulture such as plant nurseries and flower growing). The suburb has a mixture of small scale rural properties which have been used for hobby farms (for example to run horses) and "lifestyle" residents who prefer open space and more space when compared to normal Perth suburban blocks.

Banjup is located on the Jandakot Water Mound. As part of the Western Australian State Government water resource protection policy development over the Jandakot Water Mound is limited to reduce the possibility of contamination from runoff from properties. As a consequence the number of animals per property is limited by the City of Cockburn zoning policies (for example 1 horse per 2 ha property - exemptions apply for established properties with livestock).

Much of the Jandakot Regional Park is located within Banjup.

History
The name Bangup Lake was first recorded on an 1889 survey by James Oxley, probably from the Whadjuk Noongar word bangup/bangap meaning quokka. The name was applied to the surrounding district from the 1890s following the opening of the Jandakot Agricultural Area to settlement, with the spelling Banjupp adopted in the early 20th century. A siding on the Fremantle-Armadale railway line was named Bangup in 1907 and the spelling was altered to Banjup in the 1930s.

In 2016, the northern portion of Banjup (extending above Armadale Road) was turned into a new suburb, named Treeby.

Banjup Memorial Park
Banjup Memorial Park was established after World War I. A gum tree was planted for each of the fourteen men from the district who had enlisted. If any of the trees dies, another is planted in its place. A plaque naming the men is displayed at the park and another is held at the Azelia Ley Homestead. The plaque names the men who returned safely as well as those who were wounded or killed. Cockburn RSL maintains Banjup Memorial Park.

Of the 14 Banjup men who served in the war, six were killed in action, four were wounded and the remaining four returned to Australia. This memorial records the highest "Killed in Action" and "Wounded" on a percentage basis, than any other war memorial in Western Australia.

Bus

 * 233 Cockburn Central Station to Gosnells Station – serves Armadale Road
 * 518 Cockburn Central Station to Murdoch TAFE – serves Armadale Road
 * 523 Cockburn Central Station to Treeby – serves Armadale Road
 * 527 Cockburn Central Station to Aubin Grove Station – serves Tapper Road
 * 529 Cockburn Central Station to Armadale Station – serves Armadale Road
 * 537 Wandi to Aubin Grove Station – serves Lyon Road

Community group
The Banjup Residents Group was established in 2010 to advocate on behalf of Banjup residents to local, state and federal governments. Approximately 45% of Banjup residents are members.

title: Banjup, Western Australia


text: Category:Argentine Secretaries of Intelligence


text:
Beeliar, Western Australia

Beeliar is a suburb of Perth, Western Australia, located within the City of Cockburn. The name refers to the Beeliar people, a group of Aboriginal Australians who had land rights over the southern half of Perth's metropolitan area. The suburb contains the Thomsons Lake Nature Reserve.

"Beeliar" is a Noongar word that translates to "river" or "water running through". The suburb was named after an early settler-colonialist, Robert Menli Lyon, who recorded and interacted with the local Aboriginal group in the area circa the nineteenth century. Before European contact, the suburb was occupied by the Beeliar group of the Whadjuk nation, who are part of the broader Noongar language region. The Noongar peoples have Dreaming stories related to the creation of the landforms in Beeliar and had lore that outlined the maintenance and care of the land. Oral history records and archaeology account for the Beeliar-Noongar belonging to the Beeliar suburb and its neighbouring areas.

The region of Beeliar was also included in the Swan River Colony, which was the first colony not established for convicts. The suburb was first governed by Captain James Stirling. Following Stirling's retirement, Beeliar was part of the frontier wars. Beeliar was home to Yagan and his father, Midjegoorong, who were notable figures during this period.

From the twentieth century, the suburban boundaries of Beeliar were modified gradually. Bibra Lake, which was still a feature within the Beeliar boundary during this time, was a site for the Australian Women's Army Service station during World War Two.

Since the post-war era, Beeliar has undergone several council projects, such as the Wetlands Education Centre of Cockburn (established in the 1980s), and gradually developed into a modern metropolitan suburb by the 1990s. The 1990s were when the most modern changes to the Beeliar boundaries occurred, which partially split Beeliar's region into a new suburb, Yangebup.

Since the 1990s, environmental and land rights concerns have been a local geopolitical issue. Beeliar citizens have voiced their concerns to the council about protecting the suburban geographic features, such as the various wetlands (including Thomsons Lake).

Name meaning and early suburban parameters
Historically, "Beeliar" has referred to a variety of things. The settler-colonialist, Robert Menli Lyon, recorded the term "Beeliar" with a dual reference. In one context, he used the term "Beeliar" as a "district" for the region. The other use for the term was to refer to the local Aboriginal group's language. Older sources regarded the Beeliar region as the "Yagan territory on the southside of the Swan River", which is larger than the present boundaries of the suburb of Beeliar.

"Beeliar" has been translated by many to mean "river". "Beeliar Noongar" commonly refers to the "river peoples" of the Beeliar district. "Boodjar" is a Noongar term, translated as "land". Some historians regard the majority of the City of Cockburn to have been "Beeliar Boodjar", or the land of the Beeliar-Noongar. Early written sources of the Beeliar suburb show boundaries beyond the present suburb of Beeliar due to historical developments and geographic changes since European contact. Parts of Beeliar Regional Park are not within the present boundaries of the suburb, but the entire Regional Park was initially under the Beeliar suburban boundaries.

Noongar Dreaming and creation stories
The Dreaming of the Noongar believes that the Waakal, the Rainbow Serpent, created the landscapes and boundaries of the regions in south-west Western Australia, including the water features (the "bilya" or "beeliar"), flora and fauna found in Beeliar's area. Historians translated parts of the Dreaming to say the local creation story was that "Waakal twisting up and down [making hills]… to Fremantle and south to Mandurah", which shaped the creation of the Beeliar Wetlands features.

Since the pre-contact era, Beeliar, as a suburban area, holds important spiritual, economic and "medicinal" value for the local Aboriginal peoples. This is partly due to wetlands having “biologically productive” soil, which led to beneficial flora and fauna to live in Beeliar.

Pre-contact
Using the oral history transcripts and the few written records by early settler-colonialists, scholars suggest that Beeliar and its surrounding suburbs of the local council (City of Cockburn) were the lands of the Noongar/Nyungar peoples. Carbon dating has also revealed that Noongar people have occupied the area for at least 28,000 years. Specifically, at Hope Road, Beeliar Wetlands, archaeologists have found “fossiliferous chert artefacts underlying artefacts made from quartz”, which they believe to date approximately to the mid-Holocene period, and argued that there was “repeated wetland occupation” from this era.

The pre-contact Beeliar Aboriginal group spoke the Noongar language, and the geographic nation that the Beeliar people belong within is the Whadjuk nation. Historians and archaeologists have estimated the Noongar peoples to live in the Whadjuk region, including the Beeliar suburb, for "well over 40,000" years. Historians Leonard Collard and Clint Bracknell (2012) claim that the Noongar language may have "dialectic differences" across different groups due to how far the region extends over south-west Western Australia. Lyon's records also regard the local Aboriginal peoples of the Beeliar area being a distinct "language" group as well as a district. Collard and Bracknell (2012) identify through Norman Tindale's (1974) records that there were twelve "socio-dialectic groups" around the area and that "Beeliar is one clan of the Whadjuk group". Shellam (2012) identifies four dialectal groups within the Whadjuk: “Beeliar (south of Swan River), Mooro (north) and Beeloo (east)". Scholars have identified the Beeliar area as having "major" sites for traditional Noongar ceremonies as well as a popular meeting area for "a number of major travel routes" between Noongar groups. Before European contact, Beeliar had "long-established trails" that connected "freshwater wetlands", which also functioned as a path to connect different Noongar groups to "social and cultural obligations", such as ceremonies, trade, and creating bush medicine. According to scholars, the different Noongar groups would travel to trade to places as far as Uluru and would commonly trade “stones and ochres and all sorts of different things” that weren't grown in Beeliar.

The Museum of Perth (n.d.) recorded that in the pre-contact era, winter rainfall would create one giant swamp, called Yoordgoorading, which "may have connected to Lake Thomson and Lake Poulett". During the hot seasons, with minimal rainfall, the land would dry, "which allowed the Noongar people to practice their traditional low-intensity firing regime in the area. Burning the area while the swamps were dried out cleared dead plants, increased water access for birds and cycled nutrients to the soil, which improved the yield and taste of plant foods eaten by Noongar people". In sum, the lands of Beeliar and its connecting suburbs were agriculturally cared for by the local Aboriginal groups.

European contact
In 1829, the Swan River Colony was declared by Captain James Stirling. This colony's boundaries – including the future city, Perth, and the suburb, Beeliar – extended into the Whadjuk nation. This colony was the first not to be established for convicts. Stirling was the governor over the colony from 1829 to 1832 and 1834–1838. During this period, the colony did not consistently count the local Aboriginal people of the region. The inconsistent census data from this period has impacted how scholars understand the records for the following period and how this affected the Beeliar Noongar demographic.

Frontiers
Frontier conflict, commonly referred to as the frontier wars, was a phenomenon that occurred across Australia, including in Beeliar. In May 1833, a Beeliar man named Midjegoorong was "executed by firing squad, without trial". Following this execution, Midjegoorong's son Yagan had a bounty imposed on him by the local government. On 15 August 1833, two local shepherds found Yagan and killed him.

Post-frontiers
A new era for the Swan River Colony emerged after Stirling resigned in 1838. During this new era, which lasted until 1860, an influx of British convicts and settlers moved to the region. The occupation of more people led to roads, infrastructure and housing being created. By extension, this led to the creation of new suburbs within the metropolitan region of Perth, such as Beeliar. Perth Gazette and Western Australian Journal writer Robert Menli Lyon, one of the first settler-colonialists from Britain, recorded the region of Beeliar as "the district of Midjegoorong" in 1833. He outlined the boundaries of this area as being "north-south from the Swan and Canning Rivers to Mangles Bay, and east-west from the sea to the Darling Scarp". It was not until the following decade that this region came to have a permanent non-Indigenous occupation. In the 1840s, Beeliar was officially occupied by British colonialists as a suburb. A prominent reason for Beeliar to be established as a suburb was the need to establish agriculture in response to the increase of population across the city of Perth. The Beeliar Wetlands was the prime focus for the settler-colonialists in the suburb. One of the water reserves within Beeliar Wetlands, named Bibra Lake, was initially used for "dairying and market gardening and the inevitable rubbish dumping".

Late nineteenth century
In the 1890s, the loosely defined "Beeliar" district became sectored into new suburbs. The government outlined the new boundaries southeast of Bibra Lake to be the new suburb of Jandakot. Beeliar, as a suburb, continued to be sanctioned north, west, and south of Bibra Lake, with popular markets found at "Thomsons and Kogolup Lakes" (City of Cockburn, n.d.).

Twentieth century
By 1913, after the new boundaries of Beeliar were defined, the state government installed interconnecting drains between several water features, including the Beeliar Wetlands and Thomsons Lake. Oral history records reveal that many Beeliar citizens remember a “different” state of nature in the Wetlands, claiming that the instalment of pipes led to the "semi-dryness" of the Beeliar Wetlands.

During 1930–1945, an Australian Women's Army Service station was set up next to Bibra Lake. Following the war, Bibra Lake hosted more civilian infrastructural developments. This included the eventual construction of a "water park, ice rink and skateboarding park" surrounding Bibra Lake. Scholars have found that the mid-1900s also attracted Aboriginal peoples and groups to the region to participate in the booming industry of the suburb. According to historians, Beeliar and its surrounding suburbs had "some of the first Aboriginal housing schemes" in the state.

In 1967, approximately 84% of the electoral Division of Fremantle, which includes Beeliar, voted "Yes" in the referendum to allow Aboriginal people to be included in the population count.

In the 1980s, the Wetlands Education Centre of Cockburn was established. This institution relies on the sites of Beeliar Wetlands, as well as Thomsons Lake (which is located within the suburb's newer boundaries) for its research and educational excursions. Historians have claimed that the Noongar peoples of the Beeliar area continued to camp and regularly practice ceremonies “through [to] the 1980s”. In addition to the Wetlands Education centre being established in the 1980s, the state government also agreed to develop Beeliar Regional Park. The naming of the suburban region, Beeliar, was officially approved by the state government on 2 December 1993. However, similar to Bibra Lake, which became a separate suburb from Beeliar, the Beeliar suburban boundaries have continued to evolve and change as new suburbs are established since the mid-20th century. Two years after the approval of the name "Beeliar", the suburb was redefined again and shared the land with another suburb, named Yangebup. Beeliar Drive cuts through Beeliar Regional Park and marks the boundary between the two suburbs. Thus, only a portion of the Beeliar Regional Park still belongs within the suburb of Beeliar.

Nature and environment
Within the official council boundaries of Beeliar since the 1990s, the Beeliar Regional Park and the Beeliar Wetlands are split between Beeliar and its neighbouring suburbs, Yangebup (north) and Wattleup (south). The main road, Beeliar Drive, marks the division between the Beeliar and Yangebup. Likewise, another major road, a section of Russell Road, marks the boundary between Beeliar and Wattleup.

Beeliar's section of Beeliar Wetlands and Beeliar Regional Park include Kogolup Lake and Thomsons Lake. Thomsons Lake Nature Reserve (sometimes spelt as "Thompsons") is the largest portion of the Wetlands within Beeliar.

Smaller reserves within Beeliar are: Habitat Reserve, Hakea Reserve, Owgan Reserve, and Luttrell Gardens.

Environmental threats
The Department of Parks and Wildlife (2006) identified the following threats to Beeliar's wetlands:  "Drainage, excavation and filling; Pollution including eutrophication; Water level changes; Salination; Aesthetic disruption (Section 24); Aquatic or declared weeds (Section 19); and Insect pest control (Section 21)". Of the identified threats, four have been the selected targeted areas for environmental protection: "Drainage, excavation and filling; 2. Pollution including eutrophication; 3. Water level changes; and 4. Salination". The Department (2006) reports that "406 native taxa" are found within the Beeliar features. This report also identified Thomsons Lake and Koholup Lake as Aboriginal sites under the Aboriginal Heritage Act 1972.

Parks and recreational sites
One of the two major recreational parks is Radonich Park. The facilities that are granted for public access include barbeque stations, exercise equipment, and a playground. These public facilities are located in the southeast corner of the park. Dogs are not permitted at this park. Sports features, such as goalposts, are available at this park; however, they are not permanent. The grounds, changing rooms, and toilet facilities are available for hire from the council for varying fees for private use. This park is accessible via public transport, the 530 bus route.

The other major recreational park is Beeliar Reserve. The public facilities available at this location are barbeque stations, a playground, sporting features, and toilets. Unlike Radonich Park, this park does not have exercise equipment. In addition, this park features a cricket pitch and floodlights for sporting events. Attached to the park is the Beeliar Community Centre. There are several walking tracks that cross the park. The 530 and 531 bus routes both provide service to and from Beeliar Reserve.

Smaller parks within Beeliar include: Garbin Park, Systena Park, Formosa Park, Wanarie Park, Meve Park, Touchell Park, Costa Park, Diedrich Park, Mariposa Park, Wearne Park, and Peregrine Park.

Community centre
The Beeliar Community Centre is attached to Beeliar Reserve. It has two main facilities: a main room and a meeting room. The main room seats 150 people, and the meeting room seats 50 people. Both rooms have kitchen facilities attached. One of the recurring events held at the Community Centre is the Beeliar Hub, which is for parents with children for a social meeting.

Schools and education facilities
There are two schools in Beeliar:

 * Beeliar Primary School – public
 * South Coogee Primary School – public

Drive Thru Art Gallery
Three of the 30 of the Cockburn Drive Thru Art Gallery artworks are located in Beeliar. There are two murals and one sculpture. At the Beeliar Community Centre, there is street art created by Lesley King and local Beeliar young people. The other mural, by Chandy Pendergrast and Aran Cummins Devereaux (and Beeliar Residents Advancement Group and Emmanuel Catholic College), is located on the Beeliar Railway Abutment Bridge on the western end of Beeliar Drive. The final artwork is a metal sculpture depicting crops in a market garden by Dawn and Phillip Gamblen (local Croatian community representatives) installed at Spearwood Avenue.

Bus

 * 530 and 532 Cockburn Central Station to Fremantle Station – serve Beeliar Drive
 * 531 Cockburn Central Station to Fremantle Station – serves Beeliar Drive, The Grange, Starflower Grove, Tindal Avenue, Ivankovich Avenue, Merevale Gardens, Congdon Avenue, East Churchill Avenue and Watson Road
 * 534 Aubin Grove Station to Wattleup – serves Russell Road
 * 549 Fremantle Station to Rockingham Station – serves Stock Road and Rockingham Road

Demographics
According to the 2016 Census, 7,454 people are living in Beeliar. 1.7% identify as Indigenous Australians. There are more females than males, and the median age is 33.

One-quarter of Beeliar's residents identify as having English ancestry (25.3%). The majority were born in Australia (62.4%), with other countries of birth including England, the Philippines, New Zealand, South Africa, and Portugal. Although most of Beeliar's populace was born in Australia, only 36% had both parents born in Australia.

34.9% of Beeliar's residents affiliate with Catholicism, which is higher than the state average (21.4%).

Less than 20% of Beeliar's populace has some university qualification, which is slightly lower than the national average (22%). 22.6% of those currently studying or involved in the education system in 2016 were in public primary schools.

The census reports 2,053 families in Beeliar, with an average of 1.9 children per family with children. The average number of people per household is 2.9 people.

The majority of Beeliar's population aged 15 or over are married (52.2%), with an additional 12.4% involved in a de facto marriage. The majority of families have one parent working full-time, and the other works part-time (26.3%).

Households have, on average. 2.1 vehicles.

The majority of Beeliar's residents work full-time (59.6%), which is higher than the state average (57%). The most popular industries that they work in are hospitals (4.1%), primary education, supermarkets, aged care services, and iron ore mining.

The median household income is $2045 per week. The median monthly mortgage repayments are $2167. The median weekly rent is $400. Households with Indigenous people pay a median of $385 per week. They pay $2470 per month on mortgage repayments, which is 148% more than the national median for Indigenous Australians ($1660 per month).

title: Beeliar, Western Australia