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WGVU

WGVU Public Media is a group of radio and television stations licensed to and operated by Grand Valley State University, serving the Greater Grand Rapids, Michigan / Western Michigan area of the United States.

The stations in the group are:
 * WGVU-FM, broadcasting at 88.5 MHz on the FM band. Simulcast on WGVS-FM at 95.3 MHz in Muskegon.
 * WGVU-TV and WGVK, broadcasting on channel 11 (Grand Rapids, mapped to channel 35)/5 (Kalamazoo, mapped to channel 52).

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: WGVU


text:
User talk:PeterSeibert

Thanks for experimenting with Wikipedia. Your test worked, and has been reverted or removed. Please use the sandbox for any other tests you want to do. Take a look at the welcome page if you would like to learn more about contributing to our encyclopedia. Thanks. Academic Challenger 07:50, 18 August 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:PeterSeibert


text:
Talk:Sand man

This article should not be speedy deleted because it does not meet any of the criteria for deletion. Further, the subject of the article is real. This is just a stub; that's all. Eric119 07:51, 18 August 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Sand man


text: User talk:V3rity

title: User talk:V3rity


text:
User talk:MixBonza

Please resist making personal attacks on individuals, nationalities, or any other groups of people. Zoe 07:53, August 18, 2005 (UTC)

See No personal attacks -- 07:59, 18 August 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:MixBonza


text:
If I Ran the Zoo

If I Ran the Zoo is a children's book written by Dr. Seuss in 1950.

The book is written in anapestic tetrameter, Seuss's usual verse type, and illustrated in Seuss's pen-and-ink style.

Plot
When young Gerald McGrew visits the zoo, he finds a "old fellow" who runs the zoo. Gerald starts daydreaming about what he would do if he were in charge, and decides that the exotic animals on display are "not good enough". He says that if he ran the zoo, he would set all of the current animals free and find new, more bizarre and exotic ones. Throughout the book he lists these creatures, starting with a lion with ten feet and escalating to more imaginative (and imaginary) creatures, such as the Fizza-ma-Wizza-ma-Dill, "the world's biggest bird from the island of Gwark, who eats only pine trees, and spits out the bark".

The illustrations also grow wilder as McGrew imagines going to increasingly remote and exotic habitats, capturing each fanciful creature, and bringing them all back to a zoo now filled with his new wild animals. He also imagines the praise he receives from others, who are amazed at his "new Zoo, McGrew Zoo".

Adaptation
Some of the animals featured in If I Ran the Zoo have been featured in a segment of The Hoober-Bloob Highway, a 1975 CBS TV special. In this segment, Hoober-Bloob babies don't have to be human if they don't choose to be, so Mr. Hoober-Bloob shows them a variety of different animals, including ones from If I Ran the Zoo (and On Beyond Zebra!). Such animals include: Obsks, a flock of Wild Bippo-No-Bungus, a Tizzle-Topped Tufted Mazurka, a Big-Bug-Who-Is-Very-Surprising, Chuggs, a Deer with Horns-That-Are-Just-A-Bit-Queer, a New Sort-Of-A-Hen, an Elephant-Cat, and an Iota.

In the 2008 American animated film Horton Hears a Who!, Palooskis (including Mrs. Quilligan (voiced by Jaime Pressly ) and her daughter Jessica Quilligan (voiced by Laura Ortiz )), other Glummoxes (the unnamed animals in pre/post page, including Glummox Mom (voiced by Laraine Newman ) and her daughter Angela (voiced by Colleen O'Shaughnessey )), and Deer Whose-horns-are-connected-from-one-to-the-other appear as residents of the Jungle of Nool.

"Nerd"
If I Ran the Zoo is often credited with the first printed modern English appearance of the word "nerd", although the word is not used in its modern context. It is simply the name of an otherwise un-characterized imaginary creature, appearing in the sentence "And then, just to show them, I'll sail to Ka-Troo/And Bring Back an It-Kutch, a Preep, and a Proo,/A Nerkle, a Nerd, and a Seersucker too!"

Theme park attraction
Dr. Seuss's Zoo book is also the main theme for one of the children's play areas at Universal Studios' Islands of Adventure. The small play area is located inside the area of the park known as Seuss Landing.

Withdrawal
If I Ran the Zoo has been criticized for its use of racial stereotypes and caricatures. In a 1988 biography of Dr. Seuss, Ruth K. MacDonald notes the perceived presence of "occasional stereotypes of native peoples—potbellied, thick-lipped blacks from Africa, squinty-eyed Orientals", that may offend some modern readers. A 2019 study published in the journal Research on Diversity in Youth Literature noted the perceived presence of dehumanizing stereotypes of East Asian, Sub-Saharan African and Middle Eastern characters. The Canadian Book and Periodical Council's Freedom to Read project listed the book as having been challenged in 2015 for insensitivity and ethnic stereotyping.

On March 2, 2021, Dr. Seuss Enterprises withdrew If I Ran the Zoo and five other books from publication due to controversy surrounding racist images within those books. Dr. Seuss Enterprises did not specify which illustrations were offensive.

title: If I Ran the Zoo


text: File:Nfc-championship.jpg

title: File:Nfc-championship.jpg


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Wat Phra Sing, Chiang Rai

Wat Phra Sing (วัดพระสิงห์, ), or sometimes spelled etymologically as Wat Phra Singh, is a Buddhist temple located on Tha Luang Road in Tambon Wiang, Mueang district, Chiang Rai Province in northern Thailand.

History
It was unclear about who first built the temple. According to Jinakālmālīpakarna, the Buddharupa Phra Buddha Sihing (known shortly as Phra Singh) was brought from Kamphaeng Phet to Chiang Mai by the ruler of Chiang Rai and brother of Phaya Keu Na, Thao Maha Brahma. Phaya Keu Na later ordered the sanctum where Phra Singh was enshrined to be rebuilt. Phra Singh, hence, was transported to be enshrined at the royal vihara in Chiang Rai. The vihara was later known by its Buddharupa and thus called "Wat Phra Singh" (wat [of] Phra Singh). Moreover, Thao Maha Brahma ordered a replica of Phra Singh to be created at Koh Don Thaen (เกาะดอนแท่น) in Chiang Saen. It was later enshrined in Wat Phra Singh of Chiang Rai ever since. After the death of Phaya Keu Na, his son Phaya Sean Mueang Ma reigned the kingdom. Thao Maha Brahma, who could not stand Phaya Saen Mueang Ma taking the throne, battled over Chiang Mai but failed. After he was captured by Phaya Saen Mueang Ma, Phra Singh was ordered to be returned to Chiang Mai where it has been located in the temple that shares the name in Chiang Mai since.

Ubosot
The ubosot was built in 1890. It was thought to be built on the base of a former Lanna-era vihara. It shares architectural styles with the ubosots of Wat Ngam Mueang and Wat Phra Kaew, Chiang Rai. It was possible that the same architect team designed all the three temples' ubosots.

Phra Singh Luang (พระสิงห์หลวง) is the main Buddharupa in the ubosot, posing in Maravijaya attitude. It is 2.04-metre wide and 2.84-metre high. At the base is an inscription in Tai Tham script saying "kusalā dhammā akusalā dhammā abayakatā dhammā" which means "Dharma can be divided into three conditions; some are "kushala" (good-doing), some are "akushala" (bad-doing), and some are neither."

The door panels were decorated by the Chiang Rai-based artist Thawan Duchanee. The four animals symbolise the four elements that exist in human body.

Wihan Kaew
Wihan Kaew (วิหารแก้ว; the glass vihara) was built in place of the former Hall of Phra Kaew Noi which was built in 1891 and demolished in 2008. The interior is decorated with murals depicting the legend of Phra Singh.

Inside the Wihan Kaew enshrined the Buddharupa Phra Singh Noi ("the small[er] Phra Singh") which is 37 centimetre-wide and 66-centimetre high. It was relocated from Chiang Mai in 1843 by Khru Ba Pawon Panya, along with the citizens to rebuild Chiang Rai.

title: Wat Phra Sing, Chiang Rai


text:
Talk:Geography Markup Language

Axis order
@Jlavezzo - EPSG CRS 4326 uses CS 6422 which clearly states "Ellipsoidal 2D CS. Axes: latitude, longitude. Orientations: north, east. UoM: degree" dr_shorthair (talk) 08:30, 3 June 2011 (UTC)

GDF
This reference (GDF) does not really belong here. While the other references are actually about GML, this is only a peripheral reference [this comment moved from page content into talk] —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 82.32.5.17 (talk • contribs) 2006-01-23 05:44:58 (UTC)

Mergefrom Cgml and GML Application Schemas
I'm suggesting that these should be merged into this article as they are currently stubs that seem to only be relavent to this article (they are only linked from here). If these stub articles gain some real content here, they can always be moved back out. – Doug Bell talk•contrib 22:37, 17 March 2006 (UTC)

Not happy about merging Application Schemas page. The topic of application schemas is the always neglected corollary of the GML framework. It usually gets buried in the GML encoding swamp, and that is effectively where you have pushed it again. Yes, the GML Application Schemas page was a stub, but an important statement of intention. Furthermore, in merging, the one link to a publicly available application schema (GeoSciML - https://www.seegrid.csiro.au/twiki/bin/view/CGIModel/GeoSciML) has been lost! Just because no-one else appears to be willing to tell the world about their community, you shouldn't suppress information previously provided. Not happy at all.

I would be grateful if you would revert this change and re-instate the GML Application Schemas page - my Wikipedia skills are unfortunately not up to this, and I can;t find the page any more. dr_shorthair 03:39, 3 May 2006 (UTC) a

Incosistent usage of the srsDimension attribute
The srsDimension attribute is used incosistently in the samples. Its first usage is:

 45.67 88.56

where dimension is an attribute of the gml:pos element; and then in the sample for the Point Profile, we see:

 49.40 -123.26

where srsDimension is an attribute of the gml:Point element. I believe this is the correct one.

Julio —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 198.102.62.250 (talk) 21:28, 5 February 2007 (UTC).

CRS in GeoRSS
Untrue to suggest that GeoRSS is restricted to a single coordinate system. True that GeoRSS will default to WGS-84 if no SRS is supplied, but it can definitely support other coordinate reference systems when they are supplied - in fact, GeoRSS supports GML in addition to W3C Geo tags and Simple lat/long tags. DruidSmith (talk) 06:18, 23 December 2007 (UTC)

Examples Latitude vs. Longitude
I would like to see the examples where the Longitude is greater than +/-90 so that people can quick reference the page to get the lat/lon order correct. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Mrdvt92 (talk • contribs) 22:53, 19 December 2008 (UTC)

This is a great point since the Internet disagrees about what the lon/lat order should be! Jlavezzo (talk) 19:43, 18 May 2011 (UTC)

History
Do we really need the name of every committe member? This is hardly of interest to anyone except themselves. Geira (talk) 11:22, 14 January 2009 (UTC)

Features using geometries Example
In the example 'Features using geometries' one property of the  feature is:

    100,200  </gml:exterior> </gml:Polygon> </app:extent>

I trying to learn, so my understanding of the concepts may not be accurate. Wouldn't the geometry object <gml:Polygon> require that it consist of at least four coordinate pairs (at least a triangle) in the gml element <gml:coordinates></gml:coordinates> with the beginning and ending coordinate pair being identical to 'close' or complete the polygon?

For example:    <gml:coordinates>0,0 100,0 100,100 0,100 0,0</gml:coordinates>

It seems as written that the extent of the feature building is a single point.

Thanks All, Ted S —Preceding unsigned comment added by OS Geo Fan (talk • contribs) 15:10, 5 October 2009 (UTC)

Coordinates
The argument of introducing gml:point because it allows XML DOM access falls short. gml:point does not give separate DOM access to each coordinate since coordinates are still stored in a single string. --Bmaisonny (talk) 17:05, 9 November 2009 (UTC)

Simple Features Profile
in the general GML model, arbitrary nesting of features and feature properties is not permitted

Is that 'not' supposed to be there? If so, then the remark doesn't add anything at all. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Streapadair (talk • contribs) 15:35, 23 May 2010 (UTC)

Merge from ISO 19136
Seeing as GML is an ISO Standard, I don't see any benefit from having two separate articles about the same format, even if there are subtle differences in pre-ISO to post. + m t  19:07, 21 March 2011 (UTC)

Agreed - ISO 19136 is GML 3.2.1 PeterParslow (talk) 20:38, 26 March 2011 (UTC)
 * ✅ I agree too, and I've performed the merge. Tijfo098 (talk) 18:28, 17 November 2012 (UTC)

External links modified (January 2018)
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20091217094736/http://www.dpc.jipdec.or.jp/gxml/contents-e/history.htm to http://www.dpc.jipdec.or.jp/gxml/contents-e/history.htm

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title: Talk:Geography Markup Language


text:
Bajina Bašta

Bajina Bašta (Бајина Башта, ) is a town and municipality located in the Zlatibor District of western Serbia. The town lies in the valley of the Drina river at the eastern edge of Tara National Park.

The population of the town, according to 2022 census, is 8,971 inhabitants, while the municipality has 25,724 inhabitants.

History
In 1834 Bajina Bašta was established on the remains of the old Turkish community of Pljeskovo which was situated on the right bank of the Drina River between the Rača and Pilica Rivers, under the east foothills of Tara Mountain. By the end of the 19th century, in accordance with the Serbian-Turkish agreement, the local Muslims had to move from this region directly across the Drina River into Bosnia, where they built settlements in the villages of Skelani and Dobrak.

The name Bajina Bašta comes from the vast orchards and vegetable gardens, that used to be located on the left bank of the Pilica River, which belonged to Turkish feudal owner, Baja Osman, who established the town's modern image in the mid-19th century. In English, the name Bajina Bašta literally means "Baja’s Garden". In 1858 the town became the administrative center of the Rača District. On September 15, 1872, Prince Milan Obrenović IV issued a decree that officially gave Bajina Bašta its status as an officially recognized town. A decade later, Bajina Bašta received its urban plan, long before many places in Serbia.

Under the Ottoman Empire, the Rača's region became a part of Sokolska nahija or Zvornik Sandžak, and later on a part of Užice nahija where it remained until its liberation from the Turks in 1834. In the following tumultuous decades, Bajina Bašta belonged to the Užice District, Užice canton, and region. Today, the town lies in the Zlatibor District. In 1875 a mixed craftsmen guild was founded with 88 different occupations, based on forestry and stock farming. In attempts to improve trade links between Serbia and Bosnia, the first customs station was opened in Skelani in 1880. The following year, the first post office with a telegraph was opened. The number of inhabitants increased from 374 in 1864 to 1,306 by 1910. Residents in the nearby village of Rača made a major contribution in liberation efforts between 1876–1878 when Serbia became an independent principality, declared by the Congress of Berlin. In the following Balkan Wars and World War I (1912–1918) over 300 people from this small village died.

The areas around Bajina Bašta have significant historical heritage. In the village of Pilica, there are archeological remains of Roman architecture dating from the 2nd and 3rd century and ornamented tombstones. Other archeological sites lie in the Kremna valley (43 tombstones), Mokra Gora (38), Perućac, Rastište and Dub. The oldest historical findings in this area date from the Neolithic period (5,000 year B.C.) – remains of these communities, Kremenilo and Jokin Breg, are found near Višesava. The remnants of these settlements show that people lived in about 2.5 m deep dugouts, on three underground levels. Judging by their characteristics, these remains are considered to have belonged to the Starčevo culture. Additionally, there is much evidence of the Iron Age material culture of the Illyrian tribe of Autariat (after which Tara Mountain most likely obtained its name). During Roman, Byzantine and Medieval period, Bajina Bašta was an important trade center and the cross-border with Bosnia.

Rača monastery (7 km southwest of town) is considered the most significant historical treasure of the area. Built by King Stefan Dragutin (1276–1282), the monastery was the center of transcription and illumination of medieval religious manuscripts of Serbia. These monks became known as the Račani. Abundant wall paintings and iconostasis cover the walls, dating after the church's reconstruction in 1835. The monastery houses a treasury and a library containing over 1,200 books and manuscripts. In the village of Dub (10 km from Bajina Bašta) there is a wooden church from 1792, of a specific architecture, covered with shingle roof. A variety of ornaments and icons, a gate from the 17th century, make this church one of the more memorable churches in Serbia.

During the unification of the Southern Slavs of Europe and creation of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, Bajina Bašta continued its urban expansion. In 1926, a metal bridge that linked to Skelani was built, replacing the ferry that crossed the Drina River. The electrification of the town started in 1928 and two years later the first town's hospital was built. The utilization of forests, the famed bajinac tobacco and the construction of elementary schools in the region greatly helped improve the standard of living and educational level of the inhabitants. In 1940, the downtown area built its first water piping and sewage system and cobblestone streets.
 * 1918–1945

During World War II, Bajina Bašta was severely damaged. Events that marked human history in the period between 1939–1945, were reflected in this region as well in a form of civil war and liberation fights against the occupying Axis army. A Račan militia was formed in the first stages of the armed resistance against the occupants. From August 3–23, 1941, the militia solidified into a military formation consisting of 62 soldiers. The first free territory in the occupied Europe – "Republic of Užice", brought only temporary liberation to Bajina Bašta. In this region, the first People's Liberation Committee NOO was formed. During the war, especially in 1943, Bulgarian forces caused many civilian casualties. Bajina Bašta was liberated from Nazi forces on September 12, 1944.

After the World War II ended, Bajina Bašta continued to develop into an economical, cultural and administrative center of the municipality which extended 672 km2 (418 miles²) around the town. The second half of the 20th century is marked by the expansion of trade, banking, agricultural cooperatives, sawmills and craftsmen guilds. Intensive economic growth began in 1966 when the Bajina Bašta Hydroelectric Power Plant in Perućac was put in operation. This is the second largest hydroelectric power plant in Serbia today, after Đerdap on the Danube River.
 * 1945–1999

During the turmoil in Bosnia-Hercegovina 1992–1995 (Bosnian War) Bajina Bašta came under occasionally shelling from Bosnian Muslims (Bosniaks) offensive operations in early 1993. Several villages north of Bajina Bašta along the Drina river on the Serbian side came under fire in this period. First when the VRS (Bosnian Serb army) later during 1993 launched counter offensive operations the sporadic attacks stopped.

The town has preserved architecture from the end of the 19th and the first half of the 20th century, which goes along well with the more recent urban structures. Rural settlements are more archaic in layout and building structure, the most attractive and significant ones are Rogačica, the former center of the Rača district, as well as Kostojevići, Pilica, and other localities.
 * 1999–present

The expansion and development of Bajina Bašta by the modern urbanization plan was directed along the main streets which are part of the main routes from Užice to Perućac (Kneza Milana Obrenovića Street) and Rogačica to Tara (Svetosavska Street). These routes intersect in the town's center. Bajina Bašta is considered a modern urban settlement with potential for horizontal expansion. Downtown Bajina Bašta is a mixture of commercial, residential, and administrative buildings of different facades and height. The heart of the town is Dušana Jerkovića Square, which is surrounded by the old-style architecture found in Serbia during the mid to late 19th century.

Climate
Bajina Bašta's climate is moderate continental with four distinct seasons. Summers are warm and pleasant with cool nights, and winters are sunny, with snow levels high enough for widespread winter sports. However, the humidity of the air increased greatly after the construction of the power plant in Perućac and the formation of the artificial Perućac Lake and Zaovine Lake, in the mountains. The average annual rainfall is 700–800 mm locally, contributing to a marked agricultural environment.

Bajina Bašta has an oceanic climate (Köppen climate classification: Cfb) that's very close to a humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification: Dfb).

Demographics
According to the 2011 census results, the municipality of Bajina Bašta has 26,022 people. The town itself hosts 9,148 people while the other 16,874 live in thirty-five outlying villages and non-urban areas surrounding the town.

Most of the residing population are immigrants, who after the liberation of the area from the Turks in the 19th century, settled these areas, originally coming from Herzegovina, the northwestern parts of Montenegro, Sandžak, Osat (Bosnia), Dalmatia (Pepelj) and Kremna. At present, a considerable decrease in population is recorded due to economic migrations towards the regional centers of Serbia, such as Užice, Valjevo, Čačak, and Belgrade.

Ethnic groups
Ethnic composition of the municipality:

Economy
The greatest natural resources of the municipality are the Drina River and Tara Mountain. The Drina is especially significant for its water power potentials. Specialists have estimated that it is possible to erect several hydroelectric power plants on this river. The annual flow of the Drina River is about 12.5 cubic kilometers of water. The Bajina Bašta Hydroelectric power plant was built on the Drina to harness that energy. The dam is located 12 km west of Bajina Bašta, near Perućac. Its average annual production amounts to 1,625 GWh of electric power. For the sake of better utilization of water power potential, the first reversible hydro-electric power plant in Europe was built in Zaovine, near the top of Tara Mountain.

Tara Mountain has long been a well-known tourist resort owing to its pleasant moderately continental and sub-continental climate. In 1981, Tara became a national park. It covers an area of 300 square kilometers and is the largest natural park in Serbia. The mountain has an abundance of flora and fauna. Apart from white pine tree, maple-trees and famous Serbian Spruce (Picea omorika), here you can find rare game including bear, roe deer, and chamois. The Drina River is a part of the local cultural identity and has great potential in rafting sports and fishing.

Moderate continental and mountainous climatic conditions are especially suitable for recovery and medical treatment of patients with bronchial asthma, chronic bronchitis, anemia and other diseases. Special attention is paid to tourism development and different tourist manifestations utilizing the clean and clear air of Tara Mountain.

Industry had developed fairly well in Bajina Bašta, but recently saw a major downturn due to economic hardships and the civil wars that raged across the region in the 1990s. The major employers before the outbreak of the Yugoslav Wars were:

 * Crni Vrh, a wood-processing and furniture factory (Active)
 * Elektroizgradnja Bajina Bašta, makers of power line towers and industrial electronic equipment (Active)
 * Razvoj, a construction corporation (Active)
 * Zemljoradnička zadruga Bajina Bašta, a farmers' co-operative – production of highest grade raspberry, as well as different kinds of fruits (plums, pears, apples), vegetables (potatoes, beans, cabbage, corn) (Active)
 * Kadinjača, a textiles corporation (Active, but with limited capacity)
 * IKL, a manufacturer of metal parts and ball bearings (Closed)
 * Tarateks, a ready-wear manufacturer (Closed)
 * Sloboda a manufacturer of electronics and household appliances (Closed)
 * Laminat, a manufacturer of cardboard and cardboard containers (Closed)

The closing of some of these companies threw a majority of Bajina Bašta's and surrounding region's population into unemployment which lasted from 1990 until 2015. The only company from old days still functioning well is Drinske Hidroelektrane (Drina Hydroelectrics), headquartered in downtown Bajina Bašta. Drina Hydroelectrics are the owners of the Perućac and Višegrad hydroelectric power plants. Since 2015 economy is in full swing and unemployment rate is below average of the republic. Well known employers in real sector are BB Klekovača (brandy producer), Temelj (construction company), Elektroizgradnja (wires and electrical services), Pinus (wooden products) and Rolomatik (aluminum doors and windows, engineering constructions).

Thanks to exceptionally good climatic conditions, Bajina Bašta has exceptional potential for agricultural profit. High-quality types of tobacco and medicinal herbs flourish in the valley of the Drina, grown by Bajinovac, an agriculture company. Plums, used for the making of Bajina Bašta's own regional juniper brandy Klekovača, grow in abundance. Wheat is a mainstay of the valley, growing well during both the summer and winter growing seasons. The Bajina Bašta municipality is famous for its raspberry farms and Bušinsko polje, which is a part of Bajina Bašta, is famous for its organic strawberry farms.

The following table gives a preview of total number of registered people employed in legal entities per their core activity (as of 2018):
 * Economic preview

Tourism
There are some traces of the Neolithic age, Iron Age Illyria, and Roman settlements for those interested in history. The ruins of the ancient town Solotnik, the log cabin church in the village Dub and Rača Monastery are important parts of Serbia's cultural legacy. In Tara National Park, Kaluđerske bare and the hotels Omorika (spruce), Javor (maple) and Beli bor (white pine), as well as the children's resort of Mitrovac, are the representative tourist destination which offer swimming pools, skiing and sports facilities.
 * Tara National Park
 * Perućac Lake
 * Zaovine Lake
 * Drina River
 * Rača monastery
 * Drina Regatta
 * Drina river house

Education

 * Elementary School "Rajak Pavićević"
 * Elementary School "Sveti Sava"
 * High School "Josif Pančić"
 * Technical School

Communications and media

 * Radio Bajina Bašta
 * TV Bajina Bašta
 * Radio Primus
 * RTV Prima
 * Bajinobaštanska Baština – a quarterly printed publication (In Serbian)
 * BBGlas – a monthly printed magazine (In Serbian)

Sports organizations

 * Football (Soccer) Club "Sloga"
 * Football (Soccer) Club "Kosmos"
 * Football (Soccer) Club "Perucac"
 * Indoor Football Club "Bajina Bašta"
 * Basketball Club "Bajina Bašta"
 * Basketball Club "Bonus"
 * Karate Club "Bajina Bašta"
 * Karate Club "Omladinac"
 * Shooting Club "Radenko Jovanović-Raša"
 * Volleyball Club
 * Canoe Club "Drina"
 * Chess Club
 * Handball Club
 * Automobile Sports Club "GINA"
 * Scout Group "Bajina Bašta"
 * Karate club TARA
 * Handball club "Hidroelektrana"

Annual sports and cultural events

 * FIA European Rally Championship – YU Rally
 * Tara Rally Memorial
 * International Fishing Competition "Dani mladice" (Huchen Days)
 * The Drina Regatta
 * Bajina Bašta track and field meet
 * The Days of Rača by the Drina

title: Bajina Bašta


text:
Richard Corliss

Richard Nelson Corliss (March 6, 1944 – April 23, 2015) was an American film critic and magazine editor for Time. He focused on movies, with occasional articles on other subjects.

He was the former editor-in-chief of Film Comment and authored several books including Talking Pictures, which, along with other publications, drew early attention to the screenwriter, as opposed to the director.

Personal life and background
Corliss was born in 1944 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, the son of Elizabeth Brown (née McCluskey) and Paul William Corliss. He attended St. Joseph's College, Philadelphia (now Saint Joseph's University), obtaining a bachelor's degree, before progressing to Columbia University to earn a master's degree in film studies. Corliss resided in New York City with his wife, Mary, whom he married on Sunday, August 31, 1969. Mary was formerly a curator in the Film Stills Archive of the Museum of Modern Art.

In a 1990 article, Corliss mentions his mother clipping movie ads with quotes of his and posting them to her refrigerator door.

On April 23, 2015, Corliss died under hospice care in New York City after suffering a stroke.

Career
Corliss wrote for many magazines—National Review from 1966 to 1970, New Times, Maclean's and SoHo Weekly News in 1980. At Film Comment, Corliss helped draw attention to the screenwriter in the creation of movies. Corliss challenged Andrew Sarris's idea of the Director as author or auteur of this work. Corliss was one of Sarris' students at New York University (NYU); the two remained friends until Sarris' death.

Corliss brought Jonathan Rosenbaum to Film Comment as a Paris correspondent. Despite working for National Review, a conservative magazine, Corliss was a self-described "liberal". In 1980, Corliss joined Time. Although he started as an associate editor, he was promoted to senior writer by 1985.

Corliss wrote for time.com as well as the print magazine including a retired column about nostalgic pop culture called That Old Feeling. He wrote occasional articles for Time. He was an occasional guest on Charlie Rose's talk show commenting on new releases, mostly during the 1990s with Janet Maslin and David Denby. His last appearance on the show was in December 2005 to talk about the year in film. Corliss also appeared on A&E Biography to talk about the life and work of Jackie Chan, and appeared in Richard Schickel's documentary about Warner Brothers.

Corliss attended the Cannes Film Festival along with Roger Ebert and Todd McCarthy for the longest period of any US journalist. He also attended festivals in Toronto and Venice. Corliss used to work on the board of the New York Film Festival, but resigned in 1987 after longtime head Richard Roud was fired due to his challenging of editorial direction of the festival.

Lolita, Corliss's third book, was a study of Vladimir Nabokov's book and Stanley Kubrick's film. Later Corliss has written an introductory essay for Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon: A Portrait of the Ang Lee Film.

Corliss also admired the Pixar movies, including listing Finding Nemo as one of his and fellow Time critic Richard Schickel's 100 all-time greatest movies. With recent Pixar releases Cars and Ratatouille Corliss had access into the studio's inner workings. Pixar director Brad Bird has said of critics in general that he has "got nothing against critics." He also that he had "done very well with them, over the years."

In addition to writing for Time, Corliss had a lengthy association with Film Comment magazine, serving as its editor from 1970 to 1990. Corliss covered movies for the magazine and for time.com simultaneously. Corliss along with Martin Scorsese first came up with the idea for the issue on "guilty pleasures".

Corliss along with Richard Schickel made a 100 Greatest movies list. Corliss alone created lists of the 25 greatest villains, the 25 best horror films, and the 25 most important films on race. In addition Corliss was on the 2001 jury for AFI's 100 Greatest movies list. In a 1993 Time magazine movie review of The Crying Game, Corliss subtly gave away the spoiler of the film, by spelling it out with the first letters of each paragraph of his review.

In the 2012 Sight & Sound poll, Corliss cast votes for Chungking Express, Citizen Kane, Historie(s) du Cinema, The Lady Eve, Mouchette, Pyaasa, The Searchers, The Seventh Seal and WALL-E.

Conflict and criticism
Corliss was critical of the escalating expenditure on action films, writing in his review of Terminator 2: Judgment Day (1991) that "the cost of the product is not passed on to the consumer. Moviegoers pay as much for a ticket to a no-budget documentary like Paris Is Burning (1990) as they do for admission to any superspectacle."

Corliss had movies on his top ten lists that fellow Time critic Richard Schickel rated the worst of the year. These included 2001's Moulin Rouge!, 2003's Cold Mountain and 2004's Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind. In August 2004, Stephen King, criticizing what he saw as a growing trend of leniency towards films by critics, included Corliss among a number of "formerly reliable critics who seem to have gone remarkably soft – not to say softhearted and sometimes softheaded – in their old age."

Corliss appears in the 2009 documentary film For the Love of Movies: The Story of American Film Criticism, confessing that he was the film critic who, in the 1970s, coined the term "Paulettes" for the ardent followers of Pauline Kael, a label which has stuck.

Corliss criticized Siskel and Ebert in his Film Comment article, "All Thumbs?: Or, Is There a Future For Film Criticism?", and Ebert responded with "All Stars: Or Is There a Cure For Criticism?" Corliss praised Ebert in a June 23, 2007 article "Thumbs up for Roger Ebert." Corliss's dialogue with Ebert in Film Comment was reprinted in Ebert's Awake in the Dark: The Best of Roger Ebert. Corliss appeared in the Ebert documentary Life Itself, where he praised Ebert's "polymathic genius."

Number Ones from Corliss' Top-Tens
Best English language film in parentheses:
 * 1969: Midnight Cowboy
 * 1980: Mon Oncle d'Amerique (The Elephant Man)
 * 1981: The Mystery of Oberwald (Thief)
 * 1982: E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial
 * 1983: Berlin Alexanderplatz (The Big Chill)
 * 1986: The Fly
 * 1988: The Singing Detective
 * 1989: Distant Voices, Still Lives
 * 1990: L'Atalante (re-release) (Internal Affairs)
 * 1991: My Father's Glory and My Mother's Castle (The Simpsons: Lisa's Substitute)
 * 1992: The Simpsons: Black Widower
 * 1993: The Age of Innocence
 * 1994: Pulp Fiction
 * 1995: Persuasion
 * 1997: Ponette (Chasing Amy)
 * 2001: Kandahar (Moulin Rouge!)
 * 2002: Talk to Her (Gangs of New York)
 * 2003: Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King
 * 2004: Hero and House of Flying Daggers (Sideways)
 * 2005: The White Diamond (The Squid and the Whale)
 * 2006: Pan's Labyrinth (Borat)
 * 2007: No Country for Old Men
 * 2008: WALL-E
 * 2009: The Princess and the Frog
 * 2010: Toy Story 3
 * 2011: The Artist (Hugo in second place)
 * 2012: Amour (Beasts of the Southern Wild)
 * 2013: Gravity
 * 2014: The Grand Budapest Hotel

Books

 * Greta Garbo (1974)
 * Lolita (1995)
 * Mom in the Movies: The Iconic Screen Mothers You Love (and a Few You Love to Hate) (2014)
 * Mom in the Movies: The Iconic Screen Mothers You Love (and a Few You Love to Hate) (2014)

title: Richard Corliss


text:
Charles O'Hea

Father Charles Adolphus O'Hea OSA (1814–1903) was an Irish Australian Catholic Priest. He began his ministry in Ireland before travelling to Melbourne, Australia where he lived until his death. He is best known for establishing a number of churches north of Melbourne and for both baptizing and administering last rites to the bushranger Ned Kelly.

Early life
Charles Adolphus O'Hea was born on the first of April 1814 in County Cork to parents James O'Hea and Elizabeth de Lacey Evans. He was the youngest child of a large family, members of which eventually went on to represent various professions. Educated in Rome he entered the Order of the Hermits of St. Augustine in Drogheda in 1844, was later ordained, and engaged himself in missionary works in Ireland.

In February 1853, O'Hea arrived at Hobsons Bay, Victoria, from London on board the barque the Koh-I-Noor along with four other priests. By chance he had met the first bishop of Melbourne, James Alipius Goold, in Rome in 1852 and volunteered to travel to Australia to assist in establishing new churches in the State. Later newspapers describe him as being "... a man of magnificent physique and dominating personality..." and a man of means. He was well known for his charitable works and his wealth allowed him to achieve much more for his ministry than would be allowable with his stipend.

Career
Taking over from the Rev Patrick Dunne, O'Hea was assigned as the new Pastor to a large district which extended from Brunswick to Yan Yean 30 km north of Melbourne. The area included two churches, one at Coburg and the other in Epping and he received an annual stipend of £200 with an additional £100 from the Government for his work as prison chaplain. He made his base at St. Paul's church Coburg which was opened in August 1855.

He served both the community of HM Prison Pentridge itself and the residents of the area from 1853 to 1882 when he was made Dean. In 1867 O'Hea called a public meeting to discuss the potential for changing the name of the local area, as "Pentridge" was seen as too evocative of the gaol. As a result of this meeting, the name of the suburb was changed to Coburg. To show the esteem in which he was held a street was named after him in that suburb.

During his time in Melbourne, he was responsible for the building of four churches: St. John's at Beveridge, Victoria (1862); St. Ambrose Church, Brunswick (1869); and Woodstock and Epping (1879). All four were constructed from local basalt in the Gothic architectural style.

The church community at Beveridge included Ned Kelly, who lived there during his early years, and the rest of the Kelly family who lived in the town. O'Hea baptised Kelly who along with his siblings attended the parish school. On 11 November 1880 O'Hea also administered the Catholic sacrament of Extreme Unction (as it was then called) to Kelly at the Old Melbourne Gaol shortly before the bushranger was hanged, and remained near Kelly during the execution. Fr O'Hea was described by Hugh McCrae "as a burly priest, developed like a Thessalonian bull, fisted like a Castor or Pollux; yet withal a learned man, a witty one, and a friend of the masses."

Later life
O'Hea retired in 1882 and was given the title Monsignor around 1893 possibly for his financial support to the papal treasury. He lived in retirement in what was the Mercy Convent, Coburg, and died on 31 August 1903, aged nearly ninety. His remains were interred in the crypt for Roman Catholic priests at the chapel in Melbourne General Cemetery.

title: Charles O'Hea


text:
The Twelve Chairs (1970 film)

The Twelve Chairs is a 1970 American comedy film directed and written by Mel Brooks, and starring Frank Langella, Ron Moody and Dom DeLuise. The film is one of at least eighteen film adaptations of the Soviet 1928 novel The Twelve Chairs by Ilf and Petrov.

Upon its release, The Twelve Chairs was received positively by critics, and is one of Brooks's favorite movies that he made.

Plot
In the Soviet Union in 1927, Ippolit Matveyevich Vorobyaninov, an impoverished aristocrat from Imperial Russia now working as a local village bureaucrat, is summoned to the deathbed of his mother-in-law. She reveals before dying that a fortune in jewels had been hidden from the Bolsheviks by being sewn into the seat cushion of one of the twelve chairs from the family's dining room set. After hearing the dying woman's confession, the Russian Orthodox priest Father Fyodor, who had arrived to administer the last rites, decides to abandon the Church and attempt to steal the treasure for himself. Shortly afterwards in the town of Stargorod, where Vorobyaninov's former mansion is located, a homeless con-artist, Ostap Bender, meets the dispossessed nobleman and manipulates his way into a partnership in his search for the family riches.

The chairs, along with all other private property, had been appropriated by the State after the Russian Revolution. Vorobyaninov and Bender set off together to locate the chairs and recover the fortune, but are stymied by a series of false leads and other trying events. They find that the chairs have been split up and sold individually. Therefore, their hunt requires a great deal of travel to track down and open up each piece of the set in order to eliminate it as a possible location of the booty.

Posing as the official in charge of the Department of Chairs, Bender tricks Father Fyodor into a wild goose chase to recover a similar set of eleven chairs in the possession of an engineer in Siberia. Father Fyodor makes the long journey only to be thrown out of the engineer's house. When the engineer is reassigned to a post on the Black Sea, Fyodor follows him and buys the counterfeit chairs (on the condition that the engineer and his wife never see him again). He finds that none of the chairs has the jewels, and tries to kill himself. Later, he runs across Vorobyaninov and Bender after they have retrieved one chair from a circus, and while being chased by them frantically climbs with the chair straight up the side of a mountain. After finding out the chair never contains the jewels, he finds that he is unable to get down again without help. Vorobyaninov and Bender leave him to his fate.

Vorobyaninov and Bender return to Moscow where they discover the last chair, which is located in a recreational centre for railway workers, which is inconvenient due to the presence of so many witnesses. Vorobyaninov and Bender return after closing time, entering through a window Bender secretly had unlocked earlier. Bender carefully and quietly opens the chair cushion, only to be found empty. A watchman finds them and Vorobyaninov demands to know what happened to the jewels. The watchman explains that the jewels they accidentally found was used to finance construction of the recreation centre. Driven into a sudden rage, Vorobyaninov smashes the chair to pieces and assaults the officer whom the watchman has summoned. After admonishing him for hitting a policeman, Bender leads the way and they escape into the night.

The next day, Bender proposes that he and Vorobyaninov go their separate ways, since they are already targeted by the authorities. In a desperate attempt to keep Bender from leaving, Vorobyaninov flings the remains of the last chair into the air, and collapses to the ground feigning an epileptic seizure, a con they used during their travels. Attracted by the crowd and understanding what Vorobyaninov is doing, Bender calls for the crowd's attention and begs the passers-by to give generously. Using simple gestures, the two men cement their partnership in crime.

Cast

 * Ron Moody as Ippolit Matveyevich Vorobyaninov
 * Frank Langella as Ostap Bender
 * Dom DeLuise as Father Fyodor
 * Andreas Voutsinas as Nikolai Sestrin
 * Diana Coupland as Madame Bruns
 * David Lander as Engineer Bruns
 * Vlada Petric as Sevitsky
 * Elaine Garreau as Claudia Ivanovna
 * Robert Bernal as Curator
 * Will Stampe as Night watchman
 * Mel Brooks as Tikon

Development
Throughout the 1950s and 60s, director Mel Brooks would meet with a gourmet society, consisting of Mario Puzo, Joseph Heller, Speed Vogel, Julius "Julie" Green and Brooks, every Tuesday night in Chinatown. Brooks was introduced to the club by its founder, Vogel, who established it alongside Zero Mostel - who collaborated with Brooks, playing the lead role of Max Bialystock in Brooks's 1967 film The Producers, and also worked with Vogel at a building for artisans. During one of the club's meetings, likely in 1968, Green gave Brooks his copy of the Russian novel The Twelve Chairs, the first of three books written by Ilf and Petrov, and told Brooks that it could possibly work as a movie. Brooks was sceptical at first, but changed his mind after reading it.

Brooks decided the movie needed a title song and considered hiring a songwriter to write the lyrics. His then-wife, Anne Bancroft, successfully convinced Brooks to write it himself, who reminded him of the fact that he made The Producers and wrote its main songs, "Springtime for Hitler" and "Prisoners of Love". He got the idea for the song's title, "Hope for the Best, Expect for the Worst", from the movie's Russian setting, and based the song's melody off of a Johannes Brahms composition, Hungarian Dances Number 4 in B Minor, which was in turn based on the csárdás "Bártfai emlék", composed by Béla Kéler. The song's first eight bars are taken directly from the composition, but the interlude and the release are original.

The novel has Vorobyaninov murdering Bender upon discovering the final chair. Brooks was firm on changing this, stating in an interview with the online magazine Consequence that he "was never gonna keep that. If you’re gonna sit through two hours of a movie, you better have a satisfying ending. I’m not gonna leave you with a bad taste in your mouth, because popcorn’s bad enough. You don’t need to go out depressed after an hour or two of seeing a movie. [...] I was always going to have Ostap see the light and come to the aid and rescue of poor Vorobyaninov. So, that was my switch on it. For me, it worked better."

Casting
Brooks wanted Alastair Sim as Vorobyaninov, Albert Finney as Ostap Bender and Peter Sellers as Father Fyodor, but they were all unavailable for the movie. Brooks then wanted Gene Wilder to play Vorobyaninov. Wilder, however, thought he was too young for the part, and told Brooks that the role of Vorobyaninov should be played by a man who looks aged. Looking for a replacement for Fyodor, Bancroft saw Dom DeLuise on television and recommended him to Brooks. The two's first meeting lasted four and a half hours. Recalling the event, DeLuise said of it: "Mr. Brooks said that Peter Sellers was supposed to play this part, but even if he did, we would be friends forever." Bancroft introduced Brooks to Frank Langella, who worked with her on the stage drama A Cry with Players and an experimental stage adaptation of The Skin of Our Teeth. Langella assisted Brooks with the casting of Ostap by helping him name actors to potentially play the part. Brooks eventually gave up and told Langella: "Oh, the hell with it. You do it." Langella took Brooks to a showing of Oliver!, which starred Ron Moody as Fagin. Langella told Brooks "There’s your Vorobyaninov."

Filming
Principal photography for the film took place in Yugoslavia, primarily in the Belgrade region, including the present-day Croatian city, Dubrovnik, from 25 August to mid November 1969. Production began at Kosutnjak Studios in Belgrade, where Brooks was initially given a crew of eighty people. Brooks negotiated with the Yugoslav government, and was given a crew of one thousand Yugoslavs to assist him. The crew could not understand what Brooks would say on set because he only knew English. During filming in Dubrovnik of a scene where DeLuise destroys some of the chairs, Brooks, frustrated by a difficult shot, threw his director's chair into the Adriatic Sea. This infuriated the film crew, who stopped working and threatened to strike. Confused, Brooks asked the cinematographer, Djordje Nikolic, why this was happening, to which Nikolic responded in a whisper: "You’ve just thrown the people’s chair into the Adriatic. This is a communist country. Everything belongs to the people. The cameras, the celluloid. You’re making a people’s picture." Brooks replied: "Tell them I profoundly apologize for hurling the people’s chair into the Adriatic. I’ll never do that again. And I’d like to extend my profound regrets." After reconciling with the crew, they all toasted to Vinjak and got drunk, spending the rest of the day carousing and kissing each other. Brooks said he "learned to respect the people's chair."

Brooks had an energetic directing style. A tree obstructed the view of a shot, so he tried to pull it out of the ground. In a scene where Langella was instructed to row a boat across the moonlight, he went so far out into the ocean that, at three in the morning, Brooks had to enter the ocean himself and swim to find him. Being of Russian Jew descent, Brooks relished his time in Yugoslavia and felt like he had come home, and called the filming of the movie a "great, great adventure."

Langella fell while picking up Moody in the filming of a scene, cutting his buttocks. While recovering in bed, DeLuise entered his room dressed as a nurse, and said to him: "How do you do? I'm Nurse DeLuise. I'm here to tend your wounds." Langella was paid a very low amount of money, humorously stating he was paid "about 45 cents to do the movie."

Reception
The Twelve Chairs received generally positive reviews from critics. On Rotten Tomatoes, it has a 93% approval score based on 14 reviews, with an average rating of 6.7/10.

Vincent Canby of The New York Times wrote: "For some reason, this sort of comedy of physical insult seemed much funnier to me in the Broadway world of The Producers, which is really aggressive and nasty and cheap, than in a Russia that is not too far removed from the world of Sholem Aleichem." Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times gave the film four stars out of four and wrote that, while "you do laugh a lot ... It's not going for the laughs alone. It has something to say about honor among thieves, and by the end of the film we can sense a bond between the two main characters that is even, amazingly, human." Gene Siskel of the Chicago Tribune also gave the film four stars out of four, finding that it was not only funny but remarkable for "the quality of [Brooks's] direction, not even considering that The Twelve Chairs is only his second film. Brooks is in complete control of the many film techniques—visual and dramatic—he employs: slow motion, speed-ups and sight gags clearly borrowed from the silent era." Charles Champlin of the Los Angeles Times wrote that "despite some nicely farcical and stylized moments—many of them provided by Brooks himself in a cameo role as a drunken servant—the movie's first half isn't strong enough to override a thin and disappointing second half." Gary Arnold of The Washington Post found the film "much more consistent and fluid than Brooks' first film, The Producers. You don't gyrate as wildly between inspired and mediocre bits, but the 'wild' bits, the idees fixes,are still there, performed brilliantly by Moody and DeLuise and Brooks himself." Richard Combs of The Monthly Film Bulletin wrote that Dom DeLuise "simpers and slavers to great effect as the piously greedy Father Fyodor ... DeLuise, in fact, considerably outshines the two leads." John Simon said The Twelve Chairs "is a model of how not to make a comedy."

Brooks has considered The Twelve Chairs to be an exceptional work of his, ranking it with The Producers and Life Stinks as the movies he is most proud of having made, and one that more people should watch.

Box office
The film opened at the Tower East in New York and the Beverly Cinema in Los Angeles, grossing $40,000 in its first week.

Awards
Langella won the National Board of Review award for Best Supporting Actor. Brooks was nominated by the Writers Guild of America for Best Comedy Adapted from Another Medium.

title: The Twelve Chairs (1970 film)


text:
User talk:DFelon204409

http://www.purevolume.com/greer http://www.hxcmp3.com/bands/12660

= Emo =

Honestly, man, if you truly believe the stuff you're trying to cram into the Emo article, then you should remove yourself from the writing process.

Regardless of what Gravity was doing in the early 90s, it doesn't change the fact that in 1995 and 1996, the indie scene equated Sunny Day Real Estate with emo. And I'm not talking about Rolling Stone. Do a search in Google Groups for newsgroup postings on emo from 1995-1999, and you'll see that the writeup in the article is 100% accurate. (I was there when that stuff happened - I saw it myself.)

The whole point of a Wiki article is to describe the past and reflect the present as accurately as possible. "Grunge" was a word created by the media. Nirvana and Pearl Jam wanted nothing to do with the term. But popular perception was that they were grunge, so they are now permanently listed historically as grunge bands.

You can't coin a new term and force it on people. I agree on your point - I would prefer that people not use the term "emo" to describe the new music. BUT THEY DO. Telling people that they should call it "pop hardcore" because you think they should doesn't work. NOBODY calls it "pop hardcore", so an article on the subject would be entirely invalid from a journalistic standpoint.

EVEN IF YOUR VIEWPOINT IS RIGHT, it's irrelevant. Thousands of kids view "emo" to be exactly what it is today, whether you or I like it or not. Read the Wiki guidelines about an article, and it's pretty clear: "When you wonder what should or should not be in an article named 'whatever', ask yourself what a reader would expect under "whatever" in an encyclopedia."

A seventeen year old kid looking for an article on "emo" isn't going to show up looking for an article about Gravity Records and Indian Summer. Having the historical elements about where the term originated is fine. But claiming that emo diverted in the 90s towards some other sound is not relevant when thousands of people use the term to describe something else.

I hate to say it, but you're not only outnumbered by the other contributors, but by civilization itself. All the bands you're describing (Circle Takes the Square, Hot Cross, City of Caterpillar, Funeral Diner, and A Day in Black and White) should do themselves a favor and call themselves something else. Coin a new term that hasn't been destroyed by popular culture. "Emo" isn't something that a Wiki article is going to be able to take back from the masses. -- ChrisB 08:07 23 August 2005 (UTC)

Special interest
May I ask you to pay some special interest to WP:COI, WP:NOT (especially the section WP:NOT, WP:SPAM, WP:EL. When in doubt, I would suggest you discuss on talkpages first.  Thanks.  --Dirk Beetstra T  C 17:40, 12 July 2007 (UTC)

If you have a close connection to some of the people, places or things you have written about, you may have a conflict of interest. In keeping with Wikipedia's neutral point of view policy, edits where there is a conflict of interest, or where such a conflict might reasonably be inferred from the tone of the edit and the proximity of the editor to the subject, are strongly discouraged. If you have a conflict of interest, you should avoid or exercise great caution when:
 * 1) editing articles related to you, your organization, or its competitors, as well as projects and products they are involved with,
 * 2) participating in deletion discussions about articles related to your organization or its competitors,
 * 3) linking to the Wikipedia article or website of your organization in other articles (see Spam);
 * and you must always:
 * 1) avoid breaching relevant policies and guidelines, especially neutral point of view, verifiability, and autobiography.

For information on how to contribute to Wikipedia when you have conflict of interest, please see Business' FAQ. For more details about what constitutes a conflict of interest, please see Conflict of Interest. --Dirk Beetstra T C 22:25, 12 July 2007 (UTC)

172.212.38.243
Thanks for alerting me. I have reversed the vandalism. If there is further vandalism, you may reach out to me again or report him to WP:AIV and I or someone else will block him. However, feel free to revert that and any vandalism yourself in the future. Goodnight mush Talk  18:49, 10 August 2007 (UTC)

Burton Wagner
Unfortunately this individual does not meet our criteria for a musical act article per WP:BAND. The article has been deleted, though personally I will say that his music sounds intriguing, particularly the fact that he did a Darger concept album. If you feel he meets WP:BAND, give me some links and I'll review the situation.--Isotope23 talk 12:58, 31 October 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:DFelon204409


text:
Talk:Fuchsia (color)

Old stuff
So which is it, #FF00FF or #F400A1? The #F400A1 seems to have come from some guy's guesstimate in Talk:Magenta; is that really anything to go on? --Darksasami 08:06, 18 August 2005 (UTC)

Just about everyone knows FF00FF is magenta, as indicated by the M in CMYK. Is CMYK ever called CFYK?? Do a Google search on CFYK and what will Google favor?? Georgia guy 18:59, 8 October 2005 (UTC)

---

Weird, the color on the template at the bottom and the color in the image are not the same o.O Flammifer 18:48, 28 September 2005 (UTC)

 * Exactly my case. Very confusing. --Oop 13:33, 3 October 2005 (UTC)

Okay... so... my idea here is that fuchsia is FF00FF. Outside of printing and science, magenta is a dark pink, whereas fuchsia is always the pure light purple color. F400A1 seems to me to be more like what magenta actually is in real life (then again, magenta is a MUCH broader term than fuchsia).

Whether or not "fuchsia" is the term used in printing is 100% irrelevant. That's ike saying that light blue isn't 00FFFF, becuase it's not LBMYK. Just because there's another word for it doesn't mean that it's not a proper color.

That may not have made altogether too much sense. Apologies. Matt Yeager 23:40, 2 November 2005 (UTC)

Moreover, this article is categorized under Shades of red and magenta under shades of violet. If the colors are equal, doesn't it make sense for them to go under the same category?? 66.32.248.238 23:57, 2 November 2005 (UTC)

Returning to a right color
As this page was originally set up with Fuchsia as #F400A1 instead of the #FF00FF. Let me explain the reasoning. Fuchsia is a flower/fashion color. Magenta is a toner/processing color. Some computer guy messed up when they called FF00FF "Fuchsia". Just because there is a web color called "Fuchsia" that is not what this article is about. It is about approximating the actual color from fashion and from the flower.

If anyone has anything to talk on this, we can possibly add an explaination. Right now the Magenta color page and the Fuchsia color page are showing the exact same colors, when clearly they are NOT the same visible color. Feel free to comment on this. --WillDarlock 21:08, 8 December 2005 (UTC)

 * See Talk:Magenta. Matt Yeager 02:04, 9 December 2005 (UTC)

 * Great work on the compromises for setting up these multiple color boxes. I think it is helpful to explain these differences. --WillDarlock 15:42, 15 December 2005 (UTC)

Fuschia = Magenta
The colors shown in this article are exactly the same colors shown in the article on magenta, so shouldn't this article be combined with the article on magenta and then if you type fuchsia in the search box it would just take you to magenta. Keraunos 11:14, 3 September 2006 (UTC)

 * Hmm... never thought about that... interesting idea... hmmm... *thinks*...  Matt Yeager

I've changed my mind. I realized I made an error. I think its better to keep the two articles separate because the second color in the fuchsia article is actually different than the second color in the magenta article. ````  ♫  ( Talk? ) 01:30, 4 September 2006 (UTC)

Encyclopedia worthy? I think not.
The Human culture section does not belong here, and it assumes a species-wide culture. The bit about signifying being "into spanking" hardly seems like it belongs in an encyclopedia. I'm renaming the subdivision and removing the sexual symbolism nonsense. --Demonesque 04:24, 24 January 2007 (UTC)

Crayola
I'm not qualified to get involved in the fuchsia-magenta war, but it's very confusing to read three full paragraphs in the Fuchsia article on the history of a crayon color that (according to the article) is not called fuchsia, has never been called fuchsia, and is not, in fact, fuchsia. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Eostrom (talk • contribs) 04:09, 16 October 2007 (UTC)

I too am wondering why this article kind of reads like a brief history of the crayola company. 111.69.246.106 (talk) 07:37, 12 December 2010 (UTC)

Spelling
Is fuschia an alternate spelling? Google doesn't think it's wrong. 70.242.160.174 (talk) 22:46, 28 July 2008 (UTC)

I've not been able to find that spelling in any dictionaries I've checked. The only online dictionary I found that included it is WordNet, which doesn't claim to be a strict dictionary. A quick Google search does reveal, however, that the spelling "fuschia" is very frequently used in error (which is most likely the simple reason why Google doesn't think it's wrong).

DingoJunior (talk) 09:26, 23 April 2009 (UTC)

 * Is the very frequent mispelling of this word frequent enough to deserve mention on the main page? It's almost certainly the most misspelled color in English. And the Fuchsia (the Plant) page does have a section on it. Durron597 (talk) 13:47, 25 June 2014 (UTC)

Pronunciation
Should this article have a guide to pronunciation, or could it link to the relevant part of main fuschia article: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuchsia#Pronunciation ? Oliverbeatson (talk) 15:42, 8 November 2008 (UTC)

 * How did the pronunciation get mangled into "fooshia"? The color and flower were supposedly derived from the surname of Leonhart Fuchs, and that name is pronounced "fooks" (meaning "fox" in German).  Germans pronounce fuchsia as "fookseeah".  Logical, no? — QuicksilverT @ 20:32, 18 May 2012 (UTC)

Deep fuchsia deeper/darker because it has more green? No!
The "Deep fuchsia" section includes the following comment:

"This color has equal proportions of red and blue like the web color fuchsia, but has some green also and therefore is a deeper (darker) color."

Adding green to a color doesn't make it deeper or darker. In fact, it will make it lighter and, in this case, less saturated. The color is darker because it has less red and blue.

DingoJunior (talk) 09:11, 23 April 2009 (UTC)

Randall Munroe
Randall Munroe, creator of the webcomic xkcd, conducted a color survey recently and posted the results at http://blog.xkcd.com/2010/05/03/color-survey-results/ and http://xkcd.com/color/rgb/. I suggest that this article uses the color #ed0dd9, which the survey found to be the RGB color that was identified as fuchsia with the highest frequency. --Humanist Geek (talk) 21:22, 30 May 2010 (UTC)

 * That is indeed an impressive survey, with credible good looking results. But this is probably not the place to bring it up.  Maybe WP:WikiProject Color.  Dicklyon (talk) 00:12, 28 March 2011 (UTC)

Clean up the section on culture
I respectfully don't see the value of having every mention of fuchsia included in the cultural section. The item on the sexual symbolism of a fuchsia hanky points to a commercial site selling fuchsia hankies, and the fact that a computer game has named something fuchsia tells us nothing at all about the color. I think this section should point to items that tell us something about the cultural symbolism of the color, and why it was chosen, rather than listing every use of the word. Otherwise this section is going to become more and more cluttered with trivia and less and less useful. SiefkinDR (talk) 17:54, 23 July 2013 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 30 December 2014
118.165.104.168 (talk) 02:11, 30 December 2014 (UTC)
 * Red question icon with gradient background.svg Not done: it's not clear what changes you want to be made. Please mention the specific changes in a "change X to Y" format. Cannolis (talk) 02:16, 30 December 2014 (UTC)

Assessment comment
Substituted at 15:41, 29 April 2016 (UTC)

External links modified
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Possible removal from list
Entries in List of colors: A–F contained links to this page.

The entries are :

 * Fuchsia pink
 * Light fuchsia pink

An entry in List of colors: N–Z contained a link to this page.

The entry is :

 * Royal fuchsia

I don't see any evidence that these colors are discussed in this article and plan to delete them from the list per this discussion: Talk:List_of_colors

If someone decides that these colors should have a section in this article and it is added, I would appreciate a ping.-- S Philbrick (Talk)  19:20, 4 September 2018 (UTC)

Deep fuchsia
A section mentions "Deep fuchsia" as a color. However, it provides no evidence of the existence of this name as a distinct color—it simply suggests that it is an alternative term for the color called "fuchsia". The INFOBOX color template (which is headlined "Fuchsia (Crayola)", not "Deep fuchsia") has a link to List_of_Crayola_crayon_colors which does mention "fuchsia", but not "Deep fuchsia". We either need evidence that this is a distinct color with its own color attributes or evidence that this term is used as a synonym for fuchsia. If that cannot be provided, I plan to remove this entry from this article, and from List_of_colors:_A–F. S Philbrick (Talk)  13:42, 3 November 2018 (UTC)

Fashion fuchsia
A Fuchsia_(color) mentions "Fashion fuchsia" as a color. However, it provides no evidence of the existence of this name as a distinct color — it simply suggests that it is an alternative term for the color called "Hollywood cerise". The INFOBOX color template has three footnotes. One is a reference to Maerz and Paul (not online) but it suggests that the reference discusses a color called Hollywood not fashion fuchsia. the other two footnotes contain explanatory information, but neither of them provide any evidence that there is a color with this name. We either need evidence that this is a distinct color with its own color attributes or evidence that this term is used as a synonym for an existing color. If that cannot be provided, I plan to remove this entry from this article, and from List_of_colors:_A–F.-- S Philbrick (Talk)  14:57, 3 November 2018 (UTC)

 * Hey, User:Sphilbrick, I say go for it. If those colours are different from fuchsia, then I don't think they belong in this article.

 * By the way: you can sign your name on a comment by appending four of '~' (four tildes, or twiddles) to your comment; it will be replaced by a nice linkified signature with a timestamp. MrDemeanour (talk) 17:49, 3 November 2018 (UTC)
 * , ?? I did, so I don't understand your comment S Philbrick  (Talk)  19:37, 3 November 2018 (UTC)

 * Sorry, you seem to have styled your sig so that it looks unlinkified! MrDemeanour (talk) 04:49, 4 November 2018 (UTC)

Fuchsia on Tertiary color
Magenta vs fuchsia

In tertiary color, Fuchsia is mentioned to be a slightly more red color than magenta and it is in the quinary colors list. Its hexcode seems to be similar to magenta's having full red, no green and almost full blue (#ff00e0). Is tertiary color wrong?108.46.173.109 (talk) 01:03, 28 March 2021 (UTC)
 * My eye is not able to see any difference. --Valerio Bozzolan (talk) 10:08, 23 February 2022 (UTC)

Merge section "In RGB" and section "Web color"
The section Fuchsia (color) says the same information of the section Fuchsia (color). Maybe they could be merged into a section "In color theory and on a computer screen" like I've seen in Red. --Valerio Bozzolan (talk) 10:06, 23 February 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Fuchsia (color)


text:
Talk:Interstate 710/to do

This article still needs:
 * a history section
 * information on the involvement of the Port of Long Beach (the Port was at one time responsible for the freeway from either Anaheim or Willow Street in Long Beach to the South end going to both the Port and downtown Long Beach).

title: Talk:Interstate 710/to do


text:
Your Song

"Your Song" is a song written by musician Elton John and lyricist Bernie Taupin, and performed by John. It was John's first international Top 10 chart single.

"Your Song" was first released by American rock band Three Dog Night in March 1970 as an album track on It Ain't Easy. John was an opening act for the band at the time and allowed them to record it. They did not release it as a single as they wanted to let John, then an upcoming artist, have a go with it. John's version was recorded at Trident Studios in London in January 1970 and appeared in April as the first cut on his self-titled second studio album. Following "Border Song" as the first album single, "Your Song" was released in the United States in October 1970 as the B-side to "Take Me to the Pilot". Both sides received airplay, but "Your Song" was preferred by disc jockeys and replaced "Take Me to the Pilot" as the A-side, eventually making it to number eight on the Billboard chart. The song also peaked at number 7 on the UK Singles Chart, as well as charting in the top 10 in several other countries.

In 1998, "Your Song" was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame. In 2004, the song was placed at number 136 on Rolling Stone's list of "The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time", 137 in its 2010 list, and 202 in its 2021 list. The song is listed among the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame's 500 Songs that Shaped Rock and Roll. A demo version was included in John's 1990 box set album To Be Continued. In 2017, the song was voted by the British public as The Nation's Favourite Elton John Song in a UK-wide poll for ITV.

The song has been covered by a number of artists, including Rod Stewart, Lady Gaga and Ellie Goulding. The song was also covered by Ewan McGregor and opera singer Alessandro Safina in the 2001 musical film Moulin Rouge! and by Taron Egerton in the 2019 film Rocketman. In 2018, the song was certified 2× Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).

Composition and inspiration
One widespread story is that Bernie Taupin wrote the song's lyrics after breakfast one morning on the roof of 20 Denmark Street, London, where John worked for a music publishing firm as an office boy, hence the line "I sat on the roof and kicked off the moss." However, Taupin has denied this, pointing out that John had stopped working there by the time they met. According to Taupin, "I scribbled the lyric down on a lined notepad at the kitchen table of Elton's mother's apartment in the London suburb of Northwood Hills, breakfast time sometime in 1969. That’s it. Plain and simple."

The instrumental focus is on John's Leon Russell-influenced piano work, along with acoustic guitar, Paul Buckmaster's string accompaniment, and a shuffling rhythm section.

The lyrics express the romantic thoughts of an innocent person. John sings a straightforward love-song lyric at the beginning: "It's a little bit funny this feeling inside / I'm not one of those who can easily hide / I don't have much money, but boy, if I did / I'd buy a big house where we both could live." At times the self-deprecating narrator stumbles to get out his feelings, which despite being a melodramatic device, AllMusic calls "effective and sweet":

"Your Song" was the inspiration for the song "We All Fall in Love Sometimes" on John's 1975 album Captain Fantastic and the Brown Dirt Cowboy.

The song is performed in the key of E-flat major.

Reception
"Your Song" was praised by critics upon its release and in subsequent years, and is widely regarded as one of John's greatest songs. Writing in NME on its release, Derek Johnson wrote, "The song itself is glowing and strangely haunting, the scoring is smooth and delicate and the performance is symptomatic of a new era in pop idols." Bill Janovitz from AllMusic described it as a "near-perfect song".

In a 1975 interview with Rolling Stone, John Lennon recalled, "I remember hearing Elton John's 'Your Song', heard it in America—it was one of Elton's first big hits—and remember thinking, 'Great, that's the first new thing that's happened since we (The Beatles) happened.' It was a step forward. There was something about his vocal that was an improvement on all of the English vocals until then. I was pleased with it.'"

John Mendelsohn from Rolling Stone called the song a "pretty McCartney-esque ballad". In the 2019 book Elton John: Every Album, Every Song – 1969–1979, author Peter Kearns made the following quote in reference to "Your Song". "The words securely insulate themselves against possible criticism by admitting their ineptitude for the task at hand".

In 2018, The Guardian ranked the song number four on their list of the 50 greatest Elton John songs, and in 2022, Billboard ranked the song number two on their list of the 75 greatest Elton John songs.

Commercial performance and impact
"Your Song" rose to number eight on the Billboard Hot 100 and number seven on the UK Singles Chart by January 1971. In 2002, John re-recorded the song as a duet with Safina for the first Sport Relief charity telethon and released it on 15 July 2002; this version reached number four in the UK. In the US it was certified Gold and Platinum on 13 December 2012 by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) for sales of over one million digital downloads. On 23 July 2021, it was certified 2× Platinum by the British Phonographic Industry (BPI), denoting sales in excess of 1,200,000 digital downloads. In the US in April 2018, it was certified 2× Platinum for sales of two million digital downloads by the Recording Industry Association of America.

Track listings
• 1970 US 7-inch single

• # "Take Me to the Pilot" – 3:43

• # "Your Song" – 3:57

• 1971 UK 7-inch single

• # "Your Song"

• # "Into the Old Man's Shoes"

• 1978 UK 7-inch single

• # "Your Song"

• # "Border Song"

• 1985 UK 7-inch single

• # "Cry to Heaven"

• # "Candy By the Pound"

• # "Whole Lotta Shakin' Going On/I Saw Her Standing There/Twist and Shout" (live)

• # "Your Song" (live)

• 1987 UK 7-inch single

• # "Your Song" (live)

• # "Don't Let the Sun Go Down on Me" (live)

• 1992 US 7-inch single

• # "Your Song"

• # "Border Song"

• 1999 US CD single

• # "Recover Your Soul" (live) – 4:40

• # "Your Song" (live) – 4:08

• 2000 US 12-inch single

• # "We Belong" (S.R.R. mix) by Pat Benatar – 10:39

• # "Your Song" (Junior's Vasquez mix) – 10:00

• 2002 US CD single

• # "Your Song" (featuring Alessandro Safina) – 4:19

• # "Your Song" (instrumental)

• # "Your Song" (video)

Credits and personnel
Credits adapted from the liner notes of Elton John.

 * Elton John – piano, vocals
 * Paul Buckmaster – arrangement, conducting
 * Frank Clark – acoustic guitar
 * Gus Dudgeon – production
 * Colin Green – guitar
 * Clive Hicks – 12-string guitar
 * Barry Morgan – drums
 * Dave Richmond – double bass

Notable performances and renditions
John has played "Your Song" at almost every live performance during his solo career, and issued several live versions, including with his band, solo on piano and with orchestra. One notable version was during his Central Park concert in 1980, when John was dressed as Donald Duck.

A live version of John's concert with the Melbourne Symphony Orchestra, recorded on 14 December 1986, was included in his 1987 album Live in Australia with the Melbourne Symphony Orchestra. He also performed "Your Song" live with Ronan Keating at Madison Square Garden, New York, in 2000, the recording of which can be found on Keating's 2010 album Duet. On 20 October 2001, John performed the song with Billy Joel at The Concert for New York City, a tribute show to the September 11 attacks. In 2004, Daniel Bedingfield performed a cover of the song to Elton John at An Ivor Novello Tribute: Elton John. John performed "Your Song" to open the Concert for Diana on 1 July 2007. John and Lady Gaga performed a medley of "Your Song" with Gaga's song "Speechless" at the 52nd Annual Grammy Awards on 31 January 2010. At the 2013 Grammy Awards, Colombian singer Juanes performed a bilingual rendition of "Your Song". Gaga recorded a cover of the song for the 2018 tribute album Revamp: Reimagining the Songs of Elton John & Bernie Taupin.

Soul singer Billy Paul released a version of the song on Philadelphia International in 1972, as the B-side of "Me and Mrs. Jones", then in 1977, which reached number 37 on the UK Singles Chart and spent seven weeks in the top 75. Also in 1972, the song was covered by Finnish band Alwari Tuohitorvi, with Finnish lyrics.

In 2018, John starred in the annual Christmas advert of British department store chain John Lewis & Partners, titled "The Boy & the Piano". Set to "Your Song", it featured John reminiscing about his life in reverse, culminating with him receiving a piano for Christmas as a child. In 2014, singer Aloe Blacc released “The Man” from his 2014 album “Lift Your Spirit” and the melody of this album hinges on the melody of this song.

In December 2021, it was reported that the original plan was for John to sing "Your Song" at the funeral of Diana, Princess of Wales, but the final choice was "Candle in the Wind 1997".

Rod Stewart version
English singer and songwriter Rod Stewart covered "Your Song" for the tribute album Two Rooms: Celebrating the Songs of Elton John & Bernie Taupin (1991). His version was released in April 1992 as a double A-side single with "Broken Arrow".

Track listings

 * European CD maxi single and UK 12-inch single
 * 1) "Your Song" – 4:47
 * 2) "Broken Arrow" – 4:11
 * 3) "Mandolin Wind" – 5:27
 * 4) "The First Cut Is the Deepest" – 3:52

 * UK and French 7-inch single
 * A. "Your Song" – 4:47
 * AA. "Broken Arrow" – 4:11

Ellie Goulding version
English singer and songwriter Ellie Goulding covered "Your Song" for the reissue of her debut studio album, titled Bright Lights. Produced by Ben Lovett of Mumford & Sons, it was released digitally on 12 November 2010 as the re-release's lead single. The song was featured in the Christmas 2010 television advert for department store chain John Lewis.

Goulding performed "Your Song" at the reception party of Prince William and Catherine Middleton's wedding at Buckingham Palace on 29 April 2011, to which the couple shared their first dance. She also performed the song on Saturday Night Live on 7 May 2011, along with "Lights". Goulding's version was featured at the end of the 29 July 2011 episode of the Syfy supernatural drama series Haven, titled "Love Machine".

Critical reception
Nick Levine of Digital Spy gave the song four out of five stars, commenting that producer Lovett "shrouds her beautifully fluttery vocals in little but piano and strings, just adding a few harmonies towards the finish, allowing her to draw out the tenderness in Bernie Taupin's lyrics and the utter loveliness of one of Elton John's very best melodies. The result is a quiet, modest triumph, but a triumph nonetheless." Caryn Ganz of Spin magazine opined that her cover is "everything Gaga's Grammy version wasn't—a tender, vulnerable gift". AllMusic critic Jon O'Brien, in his review for Bright Lights, called it "unimaginative" and felt that it "sounds out of place alongside the rest of her rather more adventurous material."

Commercial performance
"Your Song" debuted at number 39 on the UK Singles Chart for the week of 14 November 2010. The single jumped to number three the following week, selling 84,896 copies. In its third week, it climbed to its peak position of number two (behind The X Factor Finalists 2010's cover of David Bowie's "'Heroes'") on sales of 72,292 copies, becoming Goulding's highest-peaking single until 2013. It maintained its position the following week, selling 63,753 units. The song also topped the UK Singles Downloads Chart for the week ending 11 December 2010.

The single was certified double platinum by the British Phonographic Industry (BPI) on 24 September 2021 and had sold 826,000 copies in the UK by August 2013. Elsewhere, "Your Song" reached number four in Austria, number five in Ireland, number 22 in Denmark, number 25 in Sweden and number 56 in Switzerland.

Music video
The music video, directed by Ben Coughlan and Max Knight, premiered on YouTube on 14 November 2010. Shot in a home video look, it depicts Goulding's life on the road with friends. Areas from Goulding's hometown of Hereford can be seen throughout the video, including Hereford railway station.

Track listing

 * Digital single
 * 1) "Your Song" – 3:10

Credits and personnel
Credits adapted from the liner notes of Bright Lights.

 * Ellie Goulding – vocals
 * Matt Lawrence – engineering, mixing
 * Ben Lovett – backing vocals, kick drum, piano, production
 * Ruth de Turberville – backing vocals, cello
 * Matt Wiggins – timpani

Lady Gaga version
American singer Lady Gaga recorded a cover of "Your Song" for the 2018 tribute album Revamp: Reimagining the Songs of Elton John & Bernie Taupin. It was released digitally as a promotional single on 30 March 2018. Gaga performed the song at The Recording Academy's tribute concert, titled "Elton John: I'm Still Standing – A Grammy Salute", which aired on CBS on 10 April 2018. In April, during the release of Revamp in Japan (there re-titled Your Song: Elton John Best Hits Cover), Lady Gaga's cover of "Your Song" was widely promoted on the country's radio stations, becoming the most played song on Japanese radio in mid-April. The song reached the top thirty in Hungary, Japan, Mexico, the digital downloads chart of Spain and the US Pop Digital Songs chart.

title: Your Song


text:
Reliability, availability and serviceability

Reliability, availability and serviceability (RAS), also known as reliability, availability, and maintainability (RAM), is a computer hardware engineering term involving reliability engineering, high availability, and serviceability design. The phrase was originally used by IBM as a term to describe the robustness of their mainframe computers.

Computers designed with higher levels of RAS have many features that protect data integrity and help them stay available for long periods of time without failure. This data integrity and uptime is a particular selling point for mainframes and fault-tolerant systems.

Definitions
While RAS originated as a hardware-oriented term, systems thinking has extended the concept of reliability-availability-serviceability to systems in general, including software:

 * Reliability can be defined as the probability that a system will produce correct outputs up to some given time t. Reliability is enhanced by features that help to avoid, detect and repair hardware faults. A reliable system does not silently continue and deliver results that include uncorrected corrupted data. Instead, it detects and, if possible, corrects the corruption, for example: by retrying an operation for transient (soft) or intermittent errors, or else, for uncorrectable errors, isolating the fault and reporting it to higher-level recovery mechanisms (which may failover to redundant replacement hardware, etc.), or else by halting the affected program or the entire system and reporting the corruption. Reliability can be characterized in terms of mean time between failures (MTBF), with reliability = exp(−t/MTBF).
 * Availability means the probability that a system is operational at a given time, i.e. the amount of time a device is actually operating as the percentage of total time it should be operating. High-availability systems may report availability in terms of minutes or hours of downtime per year. Availability features allow the system to stay operational even when faults do occur. A highly available system would disable the malfunctioning portion and continue operating at a reduced capacity. In contrast, a less capable system might crash and become totally nonoperational. Availability is typically given as a percentage of the time a system is expected to be available, e.g., 99.999 percent ("five nines").
 * Serviceability or maintainability is the simplicity and speed with which a system can be repaired or maintained; if the time to repair a failed system increases, then availability will decrease. Serviceability includes various methods of easily diagnosing the system when problems arise. Early detection of faults can decrease or avoid system downtime. For example, some enterprise systems can automatically call a service center (without human intervention) when the system experiences a system fault. The traditional focus has been on making the correct repairs with as little disruption to normal operations as possible.

Note the distinction between reliability and availability: reliability measures the ability of a system to function correctly, including avoiding data corruption, whereas availability measures how often the system is available for use, even though it may not be functioning correctly. For example, a server may run forever and so have ideal availability, but may be unreliable, with frequent data corruption.

Failure types
Physical faults can be temporary or permanent:

 * Permanent faults lead to a continuing error and are typically due to some physical failure such as metal electromigration or dielectric breakdown.
 * Temporary faults include transient and intermittent faults.
 * Transient (a.k.a. soft) faults lead to independent one-time errors and are not due to permanent hardware faults: examples include alpha particles flipping a memory bit, electromagnetic noise, or power-supply fluctuations.
 * Intermittent faults occur due to a weak system component, e.g. circuit parameters degrading, leading to errors that are likely to recur.

Failure responses
Transient and intermittent faults can typically be handled by detection and correction by e.g., ECC codes or instruction replay (see below). Permanent faults will lead to uncorrectable errors which can be handled by replacement by duplicate hardware, e.g., processor sparing, or by the passing of the uncorrectable error to high level recovery mechanisms. A successfully corrected intermittent fault can also be reported to the operating system (OS) to provide information for predictive failure analysis.

Hardware features
Example hardware features for improving RAS include the following, listed by subsystem:

 * Processor:
 * Processor instruction error detection (e.g. residue checking of results ) with instruction retry e.g. alternative processor recovery in IBM mainframes, or "Instruction replay technology" in Itanium systems.
 * Processors running in lock-step to perform master-checker or voting schemes.
 * Machine Check Architecture and ACPI Platform Error Interface to report errors to the OS.
 * Memory:
 * Parity or ECC (including single device correction) protection of memory components (cache and main memory); bad cache line disabling; memory scrubbing; memory sparing, memory mirroring; bad page offlining; redundant bit steering; redundant array of independent memory (RAIM).
 * I/O:
 * Cyclic redundancy check checksums for data transmission/retry and data storage, e.g. PCI Express (PCIe) Advanced Error Reporting (AER), redundant I/O paths.
 * Storage:
 * RAID configurations for hard disk drive and solid-state drive storage.
 * Journaling file systems for file repair after crashes.
 * Checksums on both data and metadata, and background scrubbing.
 * Self-Monitoring, Analysis, and Reporting Technology for hard disk drive and solid-state drive.
 * Power/cooling:
 * Duplicating components to avoid single points of failure, e.g., power-supplies.
 * Over-designing the system for the specified operating ranges of clock frequency, temperature, voltage, vibration.
 * Temperature sensors to throttle operating frequency when temperature goes out of specification.
 * Surge protector, uninterruptible power supply, auxiliary power.
 * System:
 * Hot swapping of components: CPUs, RAMs, hard disk drives and solid-state drives.
 * Predictive failure analysis to predict which intermittent correctable errors will lead eventually to hard non-correctable errors.
 * Partitioning/domaining of computer components to allow one large system to act as several smaller systems.
 * Virtual machines to decrease the severity of operating system software faults.
 * Redundant I/O domains or I/O partitions for providing virtual I/O to guest virtual machines.
 * Computer clustering capability with failover capability, for complete redundancy of hardware and software.
 * Dynamic software updating to avoid the need to reboot the system for a kernel software update, for example Ksplice under Linux.
 * Independent management processor for serviceability: remote monitoring, alerting and control.

Fault-tolerant designs extended the idea by making RAS to be the defining feature of their computers for applications like stock market exchanges or air traffic control, where system crashes would be catastrophic. Fault-tolerant computers (e.g., see Tandem Computers and Stratus Technologies), which tend to have duplicate components running in lock-step for reliability, have become less popular, due to their high cost. High availability systems, using distributed computing techniques like computer clusters, are often used as cheaper alternatives.


text:
Talk:Tanju Çolak

WikiProject class rating
This article was automatically assessed because at least one WikiProject had rated the article as start, and the rating on other projects was brought up to start class. BetacommandBot 08:44, 10 November 2007 (UTC)

A Commons file used on this page has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the nomination page. —Community Tech bot (talk) 22:22, 17 April 2019 (UTC)
 * Tanju Çolak 15.04.2014.jpg

title: Talk:Tanju Çolak


text:
User:Stare at the sun

 * /About Me
 * /Drafts

Messages:
Add your message below. Richard 12:35:16, 2005-08-18 (UTC)

title: User:Stare at the sun


text:
The Six Parts Seven

The Six Parts Seven is an American post-rock band formerly based in Kent, Ohio. The band was founded in 1995 by brothers Allen and Jay Karpinski (playing guitar and drums, respectively), who had earlier played with Old Hearts Club, a band of similar style including vocals. In 1998, Tim Gerak was added to the core member line-up, playing guitar and also credited with additional engineering on the band's later recordings.

Most of the group's music is instrumental, featuring multiple "clean" (undistorted) electric guitars, with electric bass and drums, as well as electric lap steel guitar, viola, and occasionally piano, vibraphone, or trumpet. Rather than relying primarily on strummed chords, songs are generally built by combining single-note melodic lines.

The band has been through a plethora of line-up changes, and minor positions in the band have proved to be a revolving chair, while retaining the core force of the Karpinski brothers and Tim Gerak. Former vibraphonist Eric Koltnow left the band after the release of Everywhere and Right Here, as well as former lap steel player Ben Vaughan after the birth of his first child. Minor positions, such as the newly-added trumpet, have been filled by members of other bands from the Akron, Ohio area.

The Six Parts Seven's name is based on a quote from Virginia Governor William Berkeley in 1676, "How miserable that man is that governs a people where six parts of seven at least are poor, indebted, discontented and armed." A recent interview with another band member claims the name derives from a childhood game between brothers Jay and Allen. Although its name is similar, The Six Parts Seven should not be confused with the British band Six by Seven.

The group has toured the United States several times and performed in March 2006 at the South by Southwest festival in Austin, Texas. Since the early 21st century its music has been used frequently by National Public Radio's All Things Considered news program as transition music. Group leader Allen Karpinski was interviewed about the group's music on the same program in September 2004.

In 2024, the band released a collaborative album with Goodmorning Valentine, called Kissing Distance. It had originally been recorded in two weekends in 2006.

Current

 * Allen Karpinski - guitar, electric bass, keyboards
 * Jay Karpinski - drums
 * Tim Gerak - guitar, banjo, lap steel, samples
 * Mike Tolan - electric bass guitar, guitar, organ, banjo
 * Steve Clements - grand piano, keyboards
 * Jake Trombetta - electric lap steel guitar, guitar, piano
 * Jennifer Court - clarinet

Former

 * Brad Visker - electric bass
 * Ben Vaughan - electric lap steel guitar
 * Eric Koltnow - vibraphone
 * Matt Haas - electric lap steel guitar
 * Mary Mazzer - electric lap steel guitar
 * Heather Wiker - viola

Studio albums

 * 1998 - In Lines and Patterns... CD (Donut Friends)
 * 2000 - Silence Magnifies Sound CD (Troubleman Unlimited)
 * 2002 - Things Shaped in Passing CD & 2xLP (Suicide Squeeze)
 * 2004 - Everywhere, and Right Here CD & LP (Suicide Squeeze)
 * 2007 - Casually Smashed to Pieces CD & LP (Suicide Squeeze)
 * 2024- Kissing Distance (Suicide Squeeze)

EPs

 * 2003 - The Six Parts Seven/The Black Keys EP CD-EP (Suicide Squeeze)
 * 2003 - Attitudes of Collapse One-Sided LP (Burnt Toast Vinyl)

Remix albums

 * 2003 - Lost Notes from Forgotten Songs CD (Suicide Squeeze)

Unofficial releases

 * 1995 - The Six Parts Seven Cassette
 * 2001 - Untitled EP (Solo Singles Series) CD (Troubleman Unlimited)

Compilations

 * 2000 - Slightest Indication of Change CD & LP (Slowdance Records), SLOW-007
 * 2001 - Troubleman Mix-Tape 2xCD (Troubleman Unlimited, 2001, TMU-050)
 * 2002 - Devil In the Woods 52 7" vinyl (Devil in the Woods records), DIW-52

Reviews

 * Review of Silence Magnifies Sound by John Dark, Pitchfork Media
 * Short story review of Casually Smashed To Pieces [The Wheel's Still In Spin]
 * Review of Casually Smashed to Pieces by Thomas Lloyd, The Silent Ballet

Listening

 * "Six Parts Seven's Harmonic Rock" from NPR All Things Considered program, 16 September 2004

title: The Six Parts Seven


text:
User talk:NorphTehDwarf

http://www.answers.com/snuck

title: User talk:NorphTehDwarf


text: User talk:86.136.170.48

title: User talk:86.136.170.48


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Agonal respiration

Agonal respiration, gasping respiration or agonal breathing is a distinct abnormal pattern of breathing and brainstem reflex characterized by gasping, labored breathing, accompanied by strange vocalizations and myoclonus. Possible causes include cerebral ischemia, extreme hypoxia (inadequate oxygen supply to tissue), or even anoxia (total depletion of oxygen). Agonal breathing is an extremely serious medical sign requiring immediate medical attention, as the condition generally progresses to complete apnea and heralds death. The duration of agonal respiration can be as brief as two breaths or last up to several hours.

The term is sometimes (inaccurately) used to refer to labored, gasping breathing patterns accompanying organ failure (e.g. liver failure and kidney failure), SIRS, septic shock, and metabolic acidosis (see Kussmaul breathing, or in general any labored breathing, including Biot's respirations and ataxic respirations).

Agonal respirations are also commonly seen in cases of cardiogenic shock or cardiac arrest, where agonal respirations may persist for several minutes after cessation of heartbeat. The presence of agonal respirations in these cases indicates a more favorable prognosis than in cases of cardiac arrest without agonal respirations. In an unresponsive, pulseless patient in cardiac arrest, agonal gasps are not effective breaths. Agonal respiration occurs in 40% of cardiac arrests experienced outside a hospital environment.

title: Agonal respiration


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Wikipedia talk:Articles for deletion/Steve Austin (politician)

steve austin(politician)
because the Republicans dont like the poor thre selfish Metlover15 08:14, 18 August 2005 (UTC)