text:
Talk:Vojislav Šešelj

Military service
Should we add a military service section since he was in several battles of the Croatian War of Independence Napalm Guy (talk) 17:39, 17 July 2023 (UTC)

Capitalization of a "faculty of x"
No, a faculty is not an institution, it is a branch of an institution. An institution is "an established organization or corporation (such as a bank or university)" per Merriam-Webster. A "faculty of law" is not a proper name, as many universities have a faculty of law. It can be made into a proper name if it is presented as "Pompous University Faculty of Law", but that's not what I made into lower case. The Washington Post commonly uses lower case: "Alan Stone of Harvard University's faculty of law and medicine." Also, you took the apostrophe out of "master's thesis" without explaining why. Chris the speller  yack  13:59, 22 July 2023 (UTC)

 * @Chris the speller these places like the Faculty of Political Science in Sarajevo are habitually spelled exactly like that in the English Wikipedia because they do in fact function not as mere branches but as institutions themselves; in any event I don't think it's proper to start lowercasing references to them without amending the articles themselves first. --Joy (talk) 17:24, 22 July 2023 (UTC)
 * It appears that "Faculty of Xxx in Yyy" is used as something like a proper name only in a couple of universities in Serbia and Bosnia. If they are meant to be treated as a proper name, then you could slap a "Proper name" template around them. That would take care of two of these cases, but "Sarajevo University's faculty of political science" and "Belgrade University's faculty of law" would still take lower case, as they are not the full name of the (pseudo) institution, per MOS:INSTITUTIONS. Chris the speller   yack  18:05, 22 July 2023 (UTC)
 * Well yes, it was a topical change and in turn a topical revert. University faculties in former Yugoslavia often have a specific standalone stature. Please feel free to apply any template or a rephrasing that makes it less likely something has to be reverted in the future. --Joy (talk) 20:00, 22 July 2023 (UTC)

 * I have lower-cased instances where it appears to be generic use and threw in a "Proper name" template where the full name was used and apparently meant to be treated as a proper name. Chris the speller   yack  01:42, 23 July 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Vojislav Šešelj


text:
M1942

M1942 may refer to:
 * M1942 bayonet for the M1 Garand battle rifle of the United States Army
 * M1942 Liberator (FP-45), World War II single shot pistol for partisans
 * 76 mm divisional gun M1942 (ZiS-3)
 * 45 mm anti-tank gun M1942 (M-42)
 * M-1942 Paratrooper uniform
 * M1942 machete
 * M1942 bolo knife

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: M1942


text:
Swiss Super League

The Super League (known as the Credit Suisse Super League for sponsorship reasons) is a Swiss professional league in the top tier of the Swiss football league system and has been played in its current format since the 2003–04 season. As of March 2024, the Swiss Super League is ranked 12th in Europe according to UEFA's ranking of league coefficients, which is based upon Swiss team performances in European competitions. The 2023–24 season will be the 127th season of the Swiss top-flight, making it the longest continuously running top-flight national league.

Overview
The Super League is played over 36 rounds from the end of July to May, with a winter break from mid-December to the first week of February. Each team plays each other four times, twice at home and twice away, in a round-robin.

As teams from both Switzerland and Liechtenstein participate in the Swiss football leagues, only a Swiss club finishing in first place will be crowned champion—should a team from Liechtenstein win, this honor will go to the highest-placed Swiss team. Relative to their league coefficient ranking the highest-placed teams will compete in UEFA competitions—again with exception of teams from Liechtenstein, who qualify through the Liechtenstein Cup. The bottom team will be relegated to the Challenge League and replaced by the respective champion for the next season. The club finishing in 9th place will compete against the second-placed team of the Challenge League in a relegation play-off over two games, home and away, for a spot in the succeeding tournament.

Matches in the Super League employ the use of a video assistant referee.

Serie A era
The Swiss Football Association was founded in 1895, but were initially unable to organize an annual competition, citing the teams' travel costs. The first unofficial championship, competed for the Ruinart Cup, was organized by Genevan newspaper La Suisse sportive as a response in 1897. It was mainly contested by teams from the French-speaking area, with the exception of FC Zürich and Grasshopper Club Zürich, the latter of which eventually won the tournament. The inaugural official championship was therefore organized for the following season, in 1898–99, and won by Anglo-American Club against Old Boys Basel. It was, however, only competed by Swiss-German teams (with the exception of a team from Neuchâtel) until 1900, due to a dispute about playing on Sundays.

Teams from the canton of Zürich continued to dominate the league until 1907–08, with Grasshoppers winning a further three, FC Winterthur winning two, and FC Zürich winning one title. Other champions from that time included Servette, St. Gallen, and Young Boys, who subsequently also won three in a row from 1908–1911. Over the next decade, FC Aarau, Montriond LS (now Lausanne-Sport), SC Brühl, and Cantonal Neuchâtel FC each won their first title as nobody managed to monopolize the league. During the 1920s and 1930s, championships were achieved almost exclusively by modern Super League regulars, namely Grasshoppers, Servette, Zürich, Young Boys, Lausanne-Sport, and FC Lugano. FC Bern was the exception in 1923; however, their championship was denied after the use of an unauthorized player.

Nationalliga era
The league was reformed into the Nationalliga in 1931 and initially changed from three regional groups to two groups with 9 teams each. The league composition thereafter varied on several occasions, ranging from 12 to 16 teams competing in a single group. Contrary to its neighboring countries, national football was not suspended during World War II due to Switzerland's neutrality, but the post-war years nevertheless brought change. The 1944–45 season saw the separation of the league into the Nationalliga A and B, with the winner of the former declared Swiss champion. The 1946–47, 1947–48, 1952–53, and 1953–54 seasons saw further maiden victories achieved by FC Biel-Bienne, AC Bellinzona, FC Basel, and FC La-Chaux-de-Fonds, respectively. In 1954, broadcasting rights were sold to SRG SSR for the first time, with the company initially being restricted in showing games on TV. For the 1956–57 season, jersey numbers were declared mandatory, with Young Boys initiating an unprecedented streak of four titles the same season.

The 1966–67 season first saw the emergence of Basel as a dominant team, as they won 7 of the following 14 seasons. As shirt sponsors first appeared by 1976, the SRG SSR refused to broadcast teams that wore advertisements on their kits. As a result, the broadcaster and the league reached a compromise, where the former would only show sponsors in reports lasting a maximum of 6 minutes, and teams would be obligated to wear neutral jerseys for longer appearances. The 1980s and 1990s saw Grasshoppers dominate and Neuchâtel Xamax, FC Luzern, and FC Sion win their first titles in 1986–87, 1988–89, and 1991–92. In 1985, the number of foreigners on a team was increased from one to two, promptly leading to a new transfer record of 1.3 million francs with Servette acquiring Mats Magnusson. In 1992–93 Aarau won the championship the first time in 79 years, while St. Gallen earned their first title in 97 years at the turn of the millennium.

Super League era
The rebranding of the Nationalliga A into the Super League occurred in 2003, when the league was restructured from 12 to 10 teams for the 2003–04 season, simplifying the format by removing the relegation playoff round. A return to 12 teams was discussed on multiple occasions in 2009 and 2018, but ultimately rejected, among others due to reservations about the early relegation battle.

This new era initially proved to be one of domination for Basel, as 11 of the first 14 seasons were won by them, including a record-breaking streak of 8 championships between 2009 and 2017. After a change in leadership in 2017, however, they were dethroned by Young Boys, who won the next four straight championships.

Format Change
In April 2022, another proposal by the SFL committee to increase the league size to 12 was announced. The proposal includes three stages: an initial round-robin qualifying stage with all 12 teams (22 rounds); an intermediary stage, with two groups (1st-6th placed in the Championship and 7-12th placed in the Qualification Group) of six teams each (10 rounds); the format of the third and final playoff phase is still to be determined. Despite pushback from fans and a general negative response from club officials, the proposal to increase the league size as well as the proposed format change were approved by the general assembly of the Swiss Football League on 20 May 2022.

The details of the final playoff stage was also finalized:

 * The first and second placed teams of the Championship Group will play a best of three Championship Final. The first placed team has home advantage in the first and third game.
 * The 3rd-6th placed teams of the Championship Group and the 1st-4th placed teams of the Qualification Group (eight teams total) will play a three round playoff for the remaining spots in international championships. The playoff will be carried out according to the European model, with home and away games except in the final match. Teams are seeded according to their placement.
 * The 5th placed team of the Qualification Group will play a relegation playoff against the second placed team of the Challenge League. The last placed team is relegated directly.

The new format will be implemented for the 2023–24 season, while the transitional 2022–23 season season will have only the last placed team playing a relegation playoff against the 3rd place of the Challenge League. A change of format for the Swiss Challenge League is not yet clear.

In October 2022, following heavy fan protests, reigning champions FC Zürich officially submitted a request to repeal the decision to introduce the play-off modus. Instead they propose to use the system used in the Scottish Premiership. An according fan petition gathered 18,000 signatures (including national team star Breel Embolo) in the first day of its publication and Super League heavy-weights BSC Young Boys officially supported the motion immediately. This triggered a renewed vote by the general assembly.

On 11 November 2022, the new proposal to instead use the "Scottish Model" was approved by the general assembly of the Swiss Football League. By the time of the vote, the petition opposing the play-off system had gathered over 60,000 signatures. The increased number of teams was not up for a re-vote, though. The new format is as follows:

 * In a first phase all twelve teams play each other three times each, for a total of 33 matchdays.
 * Following that, the league is split into two groups of six each, one "Championship Group" and one "Relegation Group".
 * Each team will play every other team in their group one time (five matches each), for a total of 38 matchdays.
 * The Championship Group will play for the title of Swiss Football Champion and qualification to European championships.
 * The Relegation Group will play against relegation (last place) and qualification to the relegation play-off (second-to-last place).
 * Points won in the first phase are carried over to the second phase.

Promotion/relegation from 2022–23 season

 * No team was directly relegated from the Swiss Super League
 * Yverdon-Sport FC (1st) and Lausanne (2nd) were directly promoted to the Swiss Super League
 * Stade Lausanne Ouchy is promoted to Swiss Super League as winner of the relegation play-off
 * FC Sion is relegated from the Swiss Super League as loser of the relegation play-off

Performance by club
{| class="wikitable" style="width:600px;" !Titles!!Club !Last Championship won Competitiester.svgCompetitiester.svg Competitiester.svgCompetitiester.svg Competitiester.svg Competitiester.svg Competitiester.svg
 * 27||Grasshopper
 * 27||Grasshopper
 * 2003
 * 20||Basel
 * 20||Basel
 * 2017
 * 17||Servette
 * 17||Servette
 * 1999
 * 17||Young Boys
 * 17||Young Boys
 * 2024
 * 13||Zürich
 * 13||Zürich
 * 2022
 * 7||Lausanne-Sport
 * 1965
 * 3||La Chaux-de-Fonds
 * 1964
 * 3||Lugano
 * 1949
 * 3||Winterthur
 * 1917
 * 3||Aarau
 * 1993
 * 2||Neuchâtel Xamax
 * 1988
 * 2||St. Gallen
 * 2000
 * 2||Sion
 * 1997
 * 1||Anglo-American Club Zürich
 * 1899
 * 1||Biel-Bienne
 * 1947
 * 1||Luzern
 * 1989
 * 1||Brühl
 * 1915
 * 1||Étoile-Sporting
 * 1919
 * 1||Bellinzona
 * 1948
 * 1||Biel-Bienne
 * 1947
 * 1||Luzern
 * 1989
 * 1||Brühl
 * 1915
 * 1||Étoile-Sporting
 * 1919
 * 1||Bellinzona
 * 1948
 * 1919
 * 1||Bellinzona
 * 1948
 * 1948

Player records
All records are since the introduction of the Super League in 2003.

Players in italics are still active. As of 15 December 2020.

 * Most championships: Marco Streller (8 times): 2004, 2008, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015; with FC Basel
 * Most appearances: Nelson Ferreira (421 appearances); with FC Thun and FC Luzern
 * Most goals overall: all time record: Peter Risi (216 goals), Super League record: Marco Streller (119 goals)
 * Most times top scorer: Seydou Doumbia (3 times): 2009 (20 goals), 2010 (30); with BSC Young Boys; 2017 (20); with FC Basel
 * Most goals in a season: Jean-Pierre Nsame (32 goals): 2020; with BSC Young Boys
 * Most minutes without conceding: Roman Bürki (660 minutes): 2012; with Grasshopper Club
 * Fastest perfect hattrick: Mohamed Kader (6 minutes): 31 August 2003; with Servette FC against BSC Young Boys (4–1)
 * Oldest player: Andris Vaņins (40 years 3 months 4 days): 3 August 2020; with FC Zürich
 * Youngest player: Sascha Studer (15 years 6 months 18 days): 1 April 2007; with FC Aarau
 * Oldest goalscorer: Walter Samuel (38 years 21 days): 13 April 2016; with FC Basel against FC Lugano (4–1)
 * Youngest goalscorer: Endoğan Adili (15 years 9 months 10 days): 13 May 2010; with Grasshopper Club against FC Aarau (4–1)

title: Swiss Super League


text:
Talk:WIYY

HD Logos
I added the HD Logos and links to the HD websites in the info box, along with adding a short mention in a new section under the "HD Radio" header. Please let me know if more needs to be done or if the numerous logos maybe in violation. Thanks....SVRTVDude 20:58, 19 January 2007 (UTC)

Mickey
Should Mickey be considered a "shock jock"? --Andrew McCaffrey 01:24, 24 August 2005 (UTC) Or Amelia a moderate sidekick?

Kelly Bell
Kelly Bell from Baltimore, as referenced in this article, is not in any way related to Kelly Bell. Kelly Bell referenced in this article is an African-American male musician (with the Kelly Bell band having existed as long as I can remember), and works a day job at a school. 24.131.120.80 00:35, 16 February 2007 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on WIYY. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20071011192834/http://www.radioandrecords.com/Conventions/con2007/awards/rockFinal.asp to http://www.radioandrecords.com/Conventions/con2007/awards/rockFinal.asp

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Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 15:09, 10 September 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:WIYY


text:
Pygocentrus piraya

Pygocentrus piraya, often called the piraya piranha or San Francisco piranha, and sometimes sold as the man-eating piranha, is a large, aggressive piranha from the São Francisco River basin in Brazil.

Description
It is one of the largest piranhas, reaching a maximum length of 50 cm in the wild, and is sometimes considered the most beautiful, with its orange to yellow belly coloration, silver eyes, and rayed fibrous adipose fin. Like most other piranhas, P. piraya is laterally compressed and roughly circular in profile, and bears a mouthful of very sharp teeth. The lower jaw is thick, strong, and protruding.

Names
It is known by many vernacular names, such as Rio São Francisco piranha, black-tailed piranha, and king emperor piranha, and locally it is simply termed piraya.

Diet
This fish is an omnivore, but when hungry, stressed, or seeking live food it is very aggressive. This characteristic combined with its large size make it a danger to humans. Piranha attacks on humans are anecdotal for the most part. The piranha prefers to eat small fish and insects, along with seeds and aquatic plant material. The pygocentrus piraya plays a key role in their ecosystem by regulating the population of other fish

In captivity
The piraya is sometimes available as an aquarium fish. It is not generally bred in captivity, so aquarium pirayas are usually imported from South America and can be expensive. Any other fish sharing a tank with a piraya should be of the same or a similar piranha species. Other types of fish will be attacked and eaten.

title: Pygocentrus piraya


text:
Hugh Scully

Michael Hugh Scully (5 March 1943 – 8 October 2015) was an English journalist, radio and television presenter. He was the host and longest-serving presenter of the BBC programme Antiques Roadshow from 1981 to 2000.

Early life
Born in Bradford-on-Avon, Wiltshire, Scully spent much of his childhood in Malta and Egypt, where his father was stationed with the Royal Air Force. He was educated at Prior Park College, a boarding school in Bath, Somerset, at the age of thirteen and after leaving, worked for a period with the piano company Steinway & Sons. For a short time he worked as a record producer at Saga Records in London.

Career
Scully auditioned successfully as a temporary newsreader on BBC radio, and made his debut regular radio broadcast reporting from Southampton in 1963.

Always a freelance journalist rather than an employee, Scully worked on BBC News magazines and was a presenter on the BBC South West news programme Spotlight from 1965, before joining the networked news programme Nationwide.  After a producer discovered that he collected antiques, he became chairman of the radio show Talking about Antiques in 1967 and Collector's World in 1970.

Scully was chosen in 1981 to present Antiques Roadshow, along with Arthur Negus. Negus retired in 1983, and Scully was the sole host on that show for 17 years. He resigned as presenter in 2000, to join Internet auction company QXL.com and help launch its on-line antiques business, and was replaced by Michael Aspel. From 1988, Scully ran a television production company, Fine Art Productions; he also hosted the episode on Stately Homes part of the Britain's Finest. series in 2003 for Channel 5. He was married to his wife Barbara for 43 years before she died on 9 March 2009.

Death
Scully died on 8 October 2015, at the age of 72, in his home in Tresillian, Cornwall. He is survived by his two sons.

title: Hugh Scully


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Advance Britannia Fair

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate wasdelete. Woohookitty 11:29, 2 September 2005 (UTC)

Advance Britannia Fair
This is an unverified 'article' with a wholly inappropriate tone. Googling the term produces 3 hits - all to this article! Eddie.willers 00:55, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Submitted probably by an Australian who wanted to eulogize his own anthem at the expense of others. Delete. --Tito xd 01:19, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Hoax, unverifiable. Mind you, this crap has been hanging around for almost a month now. Author probably got lost on the way to Uncyclopedia. This would have been destroyed by countdown deletion without the need for further action. :-) JRM · Talk 01:24, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete hoax. Jaxl | talk 01:30, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete hoax EdwinHJ | Talk 03:01, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete I don't even think it's trying to be a hoax. It's more of a satirical Op/Ed piece.  Complete POV. -PlainSight 04:42, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete; Hoax | Celcius 04:42, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, if true, I would expect BBC news to have reported it, but since it's a hoax, they didn't. - Mgm|(talk) 09:08, August 26, 2005 (UTC)
 * BJAODN. Despite it's assumed POV (which it has to take for the joke to work), I found this side-splittingly funny. My guess is that it's written by Cardiff Uni. student(s). Alf 12:00, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * >Bad jokes This seems like the fruit of some student's spare hour, too. It belongs more on Uncyclopedia than here. IINAG 13:49, 25 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete - hoax article written in a horrendous tone. Rob Church Talk 02:43, 27 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy delete. Hoax article. *drew 21:57, 27 August 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Concert for George (album)

Concert for George is a live tribute soundtrack album in honour of George Harrison, recorded on the first anniversary of his death, and issued in 2003 in conjunction with the simultaneous DVD release of the same name. Featuring performances of many of Harrison's best-known songs, played by his closest musician friends, Concert for George is considered a fitting and heartfelt celebration of Harrison's considerable career.

Tribute concert
Recorded at the Royal Albert Hall in London on 29 November 2002—the first anniversary of Harrison's death—the performance features a wealth of talents who knew Harrison well. Eric Clapton, one of Harrison's closest friends, served as the musical director of the show, which was advertised as the Concert for George. Representing Indian music, an important influence on Harrison's life, is Ravi Shankar and his daughter Anoushka Shankar. Among Harrison's rock and roll cohorts are Jeff Lynne, Gary Brooker, Joe Brown, Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers, Billy Preston and Jim Keltner, together with Harrison's former Beatles bandmates Ringo Starr and Paul McCartney, and his son Dhani.

Before the Indian portion that opened the concert, Ravi Shankar said to the audience: "I strongly feel that George is here tonight. I mean, how can he not be here, when all of us who loved him so much have assembled here to sing for him and play music for him? I'm sure he's here."

Release and reception
Concert for George was issued on 17 November 2003 in Britain, with a US release following on 18 November. A double album, it peaked at number 97 on America's Billboard chart.

Uncut magazine's reviewer wrote: "Concerts like these are usually long on sentiment and short on worthwhile content. But under the directorship of Eric Clapton, the concert for George Harrison at the Albert Hall in November 2002 was an exception. The event exudes a powerful atmosphere and genuine musicality…" Writing in The Word, Paul Du Noyer described the posthumous tribute to Harrison as "the grandest send-off that he could possibly have wished for". Du Noyer said of the live album, "Its sins are only those of omission", and recommended the accompanying DVD release, before concluding: "In either format, however, [Joe Brown's] show-closing 'I’ll See You In My Dreams' is an exquisitely poignant note to end upon".

In 2005, the Concert for George DVD won the Best Long Form Video Grammy. Directed by David Leland, it contains material not found on the album, including "Sit on My Face" and "The Lumberjack Song" by Monty Python, and "Horse to the Water", featuring Jools Holland with vocals by Sam Brown.

iTunes released Concert for George in 2008 with "Horse to the Water" added to the album.

In 2018, Concert for George was released in several packages and formats, including 180-gram vinyl LP records, to celebrate Harrison's 75th birthday. The new vinyl and digital edition included additional tracks not present on both the original and 2018 reissue CD editions: "Sit on My Face" and "The Lumberjack Song" by Monty Python, and "Horse to the Water" by Sam Brown.

Track listing
All songs written by George Harrison, except where noted.

Personnel
From Warner Strategic Marketing's 2003 CD release R2 74546

Eric Clapton - musical director

Featuring: Joe Brown, Eric Clapton, Jools Holland and Sam Brown, Jeff Lynne, Paul McCartney, Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers, Billy Preston, Ringo Starr and...

 * Dave Bronze - bass
 * Gary Brooker - keyboards
 * Jim Capaldi - drums
 * Ray Cooper - percussion
 * Dhani Harrison - guitar
 * Jim Horn - alto sax
 * Jim Keltner - drums
 * Katie Kissoon - backing vocals
 * Albert Lee - guitar
 * Andy Fairweather Low - guitar
 * Marc Mann - electric guitar
 * Tessa Niles - backing vocals
 * Tom Scott - tenor sax
 * Henry Spinetti - drums
 * Chris Stainton - keyboards
 * Klaus Voormann - bass

The Heartbreakers:
 * Ron Blair - bass guitar
 * Mike Campbell - guitar
 * Steve Ferrone - drums
 * Benmont Tench - keyboards
 * Scott Thurston - guitar/harmonica

Arpan

 * Composed by Ravi Shankar
 * Conducted by Anoushka Shankar

Performed by:
 * Anoushka Shankar - sitar
 * Sukanya Shankar - vocal-shloka
 * M Balanchandar - mridangam
 * Vishwa Mohan Bhatt - slide guitar
 * Tanmoy Bose - tabla & dholak
 * Chandrasekhar - violin
 * Eric Clapton - guitar
 * Pedro Eustache - wind instruments
 * Sunil Gupta - flute
 * Anuradha Krishamurthi - vocalist
 * Jane Lister - harp
 * Gaurav Mazumdar - sitar
 * Snehashish Mazumdar - mandolin
 * Ramesh Mishra - sarangi
 * Pirshanna Thevarajah - percussion
 * Kenji Ota - tanpura
 * Barry Phillips - cello
 * Rajendra Prasanna - shahnai
 * Emil Richards - marimba
 * Baul Raghuraman - violin
 * Partho Sarathy - sarod
 * O.S. Arun - vocalist
 * Hari Sivanesan - veena
 * Sivaskti Sivanesan - veena

Boys' and Girls' Choir English Chamber Choir London Metropolitan Orchestra Strings conducted and arranged by Michael Kamen

title: Concert for George (album)


text:
Jewish National Council

The Jewish National Council (JNC; ועד לאומי, Va'ad Le'umi), also known as the Jewish People's Council was the main national executive organ of the Assembly of Representatives of the Jewish community (Yishuv) within Mandatory Palestine. Its responsibilities included education, culture, local government, welfare, healthcare, religious service, security and defense. Since 1928 it was also the official representative of the Yishuv to the British Mandate government. Established in 1920, it operated until 1948, when its functions were passed to the newly-established state of Israel.

History
The JNC, established in 1920 in order to conduct Jewish communal affairs, was created along with the Assembly of Representatives, whose members selected from among themselves the members of the National Council. The first Assembly consisted of 314 elected Representatives. The first chairman of the JNC was Rabbi Abraham Isaac Kook. The Histadrut and the Haganah were also founded in 1920. Jewish communal affairs were generally conducted through a hierarchy of representative organizations, including the JNC.

The members of the JNC also participated in meetings of the Zionist General Council. The organization represented almost all major Jewish factions, however a few smaller groups at first objected to the creation of centralized leadership. Notably, Agudat Israel joined only in 1935. It was announce only in 1946 that the Sephardic Jews and the Zionist Revisionists, would stop refusing to participate in the JNC.

Role in the establishment of Israel
The Political Department of the JNC was responsible for relations with the Arabs, ties with the Jewish Agency and negotiations with the British government. As the yishuv grew, the JNC adopted more functions, such as education, health care and welfare services, internal defense and security matters, and organized recruitment to the British forces during World War II. In the 1940s, departments for physical training, culture and press and information were added.

The report of the Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry issued in 1946, stated: "The Jews have developed, under the aegis of the Jewish Agency and the JNC, a strong and tightly-woven community. There thus exists a virtual Jewish nonterritorial State with its own executive and legislative organs..."

When the State of Israel was established in 1948, this departmental structure served as a basis for the government ministries. On March 2, 1948, the New Jewish Council: "' begins work on organization of Jewish provisional government'"

On May 14, 1948, (the expiration day of the British Mandate), its members gathered at the Tel Aviv Museum of Art and ratified the proclamation declaring the establishment of the State of Israel. The members of the JNC formed the provisional government of the nascent State of Israel.

Departments

 * The Political Department
 * The Education Department
 * The Health Department
 * The Communities Department
 * The Rabbinate
 * The Social Welfare Department

Presidents

 * 1920–1929 David Yellin
 * 1929–1931 Pinhas Rutenberg
 * 1931–1944 Yitzhak Ben-Zvi
 * 1944–1948 David Remez

title: Jewish National Council


text:
File:Station to Station cover.jpg

 * Description: Cover of Station to Station by David Bowie. Original vinyl LP version

title: File:Station to Station cover.jpg


text:
Cryptinae

Cryptinae is a subfamily of wasps in the family Ichneumonidae. The family has also been called Gelinae, Hemitelinae, and Phygadeuontinae by various authorities, though the Phygadeuontinae have since been elevated to a separate subfamily.

Description
Species are distributed worldwide. A 5-sided areolet, a short sternaulus, and a puffy face with a convex clypeus are diagnostic characters for most members of this large subfamily.

Taxonomy
Gelinae was the name used by H. K. Townes in 1969. Fitton and Gauld's review of ichneumonid families synonymized Gelinae under Hemitelinae in 1976 and later as Phygadeuontinae in 1978. However, due to the decision of International Code of Zoological Nomenclature's Opinion 1715 in 1994 to conserve the status of the genus Cryptus Fabricius, 1804, both Gelinae and Phygadeuontinae became junior synonyms for Cryptinae. Santos later restricted the family in 2017 to only include the tribes Aptesini and Cryptini, forming the separate families Claseinae and Phygadeuontinae for the remaining tribes of Claseini (1 genus) and Phygadeuontini (123 genera), respectively.

There are about 273 genera in Cryptinae between the tribes of Aptesini and Cryptini.

Classification
The following classification of Phygadeuontini is based on Wahl (2014):

Tribe Cryptini

 * Subtribe Agrothereutina
 * Agrothereutes Förster, 1850 — Holarctic
 * Amauromorpha Ashmead, 1905 — Oriental
 * Apsilops Förster, 1869 — Holarctic
 * Aritranis Förster, 1869 — Holarctic
 * Gambrus Förster, 1869 — Holarctic
 * Hidryta Förster, 1869 — Holarctic
 * Idiolispa Förster, 1869 — Holarctic
 * Mesostenidea Viereck, 1914 — Palearctic
 * Pycnocryptodes Aubert, 1971 — Palearctic
 * Pycnocryptus Thomson, 1873 — Holarctic
 * Thrybius Townes, 1965 — Palearctic
 * Trychosis Förster, 1869 — Holarctic, Oriental
 * Subtribe Ateleutina
 * Ateleute Förster, 1869 — worldwide
 * Tamaulipeca Kasparyan & Hernandez, 2001 — Neotropical
 * Subtribe Baryceratina
 * Baryceros Gravenhorst, 1829 — Nearctic, Neotropical
 * Brussinocryptus Pagliano & Scarramozino, 1990 — Oriental, Palearctic
 * Buysmania Cheesman, 1941 — Oriental
 * Calaminus Townes, 1965 — Palearctic
 * Ceratomansa Cushman, 1922 — Australian
 * Chlorocryptus Cameron, 1903 — Oriental, Palearctic
 * Coccygodes Saussure, 1892 — Ethiopian
 * Jonathania Gupta, 1987 — Oriental
 * Lamprocryptidea Viereck, 1913 — Neotropical
 * Paragambrus Uchida, 1936 — Palearctic
 * Prionacis Townes, 1970a — Oriental
 * Whymperia Cameron, 1903 — Nearctic, Neotropical
 * Subtribe Ceratocryptina
 * Acromia Townes, 1961b — Oriental
 * Afretha Seyrig, 1952 — Ethiopian
 * Aprix Townes, 1961b — Australian
 * Ceratocryptus Cameron, 1903 — Ethiopian, Oriental
 * Ceratodolius Seyrig, 1952 — Ethiopian
 * Chamula Townes, 1962 — Nearctic, Neotropical
 * Cheesmanella Ozdikmen, 2005 — Oriental
 * Cremnocryptus Cushman, 1945 — Australian, Oriental
 * Ecaepomia Wang, 2001 — Oriental
 * Fitatsia Seyrig, 1952 — Ethiopian, Oriental
 * Lipoprion Townes, 1970a — Oriental
 * Lorio Cheesman, 1936 — Oriental
 * Malaycromia Gupta, 1999 — Oriental
 * Neaprix Gauld, 1984 — Australian
 * Nematocryptus Roman, 1910 — Ethiopian, Oriental
 * Piasites Seyrig, 1952 — Ethiopian
 * Rambites Seyrig, 1952 — Ethiopian
 * Silsila Cameron, 1903 — Oriental
 * Thelodon Townes, 1961b — Australian, Oriental
 * Trachyglutus Townes, 1970a — Neotropical
 * Wuda Cheesman, 1936 — Oriental
 * Subtribe Coesulina
 * Coesula Cameron, 1905 — Oriental
 * Subtribe Cryptina
 * Aeglocryptus Porter, 1987 — Neotropical
 * Aeliopotes Porter, 1985 — Neotropical
 * Aglaodina Porter, 1987 — Neotropical
 * Anacis Porter, 1967 — Australian, Neotropical
 * Araucacis Porter, 1987 — Neotropical
 * Biconus Townes, 1970a — Neotropical
 * Buathra Cameron, 1903 — Holarctic, Oriental
 * Caenocryptoides Uchida, 1936 — Oriental, Palearctic
 * Caenocryptus Thomson, 1873 — Holarctic
 * Caenopelte Porter, 1967 — Neotropical
 * Camera Townes, 1962 — Nearctic, Neotropical
 * Chilecryptus Porter, 1987 — Neotropical
 * Chromocryptus Ashmead, 1900 — Neotropical
 * Compsocryptus Ashmead, 1900 — Nearctic, Neotropical
 * Cosmiocryptus Cameron, 1902 — Neotropical (Porter, 1987)
 * Cryptopteryx Ashmead, 1900 — Neotropical
 * Cryptus Fabricius, 1804 — Ethiopian, Holarctic, Oriental
 * Cyanodolius Seyrig, 1952 — Ethiopian
 * Cyanopelor Townes, 1973 — Ethiopian
 * Cyclaulus Townes, 1970a — Neotropical
 * Dihelus Townes, 1970a — Oriental, Palearctic
 * Diplohimas Townes, 1970a — Neotropical
 * Distictus Townes, 1966 — Neotropical
 * Dochmidium Porter, 1967 — Neotropical (Porter, 1987)
 * Dotocryptus Brèthes, (1918) 1919 — Neotropical
 * Enclisis Townes, 1970a — Palearctic
 * Etha Cameron, 1903 — Oriental
 * Gessia Townes, 1973 — Ethiopian
 * Glabridorsum Townes, 1970a — Australian, Oriental, Palearctic
 * Gyropyga Townes, 1970a — Oriental, Palearctic
 * Hedycryptus Cameron, 1903 — Oriental, Palearctic
 * Hypsanacis Porter, 1987 — Neotropical
 * Ischnus Gravenhorst, 1829 — worldwide
 * Itamuton Porter, 1987 — Neotropical
 * Joppidium Cresson, 1872 — Nearctic, Neotropical
 * Lanugo Townes, 1962 — Nearctic, Neotropical
 * Leptarthron Townes, 1970a — Neotropical
 * Meringopus Förster, 1869 — Holarctic
 * Mesophragis Seyrig, 1952 — Ethiopian
 * Monothela Townes, 1970a — Neotropical
 * Myrmecacis Porter, 1987 — Neotropical
 * Myrmeleonostenus Uchida, 1936 — Australian, Oriental, Palearctic
 * Nebostenus Gauld, 1984 — Australian
 * Nelophia Porter, 1967 — Neotropical
 * Neocryptopteryx Blanchard, 1947 — Neotropical (Porter, 1987)
 * Neodontocryptus Uchida, 1940 — Oriental
 * Nippocryptus Uchida, 1936 — Oriental, Palearctic
 * Nothischnus Porter, 1967 — Neotropical (Porter, 1987)
 * Odontocryptus Saussure, 1892 — Ethiopian
 * Oecetiplex Porter, 1987 — Neotropica
 * Palmerella Cameron, 1908 — Oriental, Palearctic
 * Periplasma Porter, 1967 — Neotropical (Porter, 1987)
 * Phycitiplex Porter, 1987 — Neotropical
 * Picrocryptoides Porter, 1965 — Neotropical
 * Reptatrix Townes, 1962 — Nearctic
 * Rhynchocryptus Cameron, 1905 — Ethiopian (Townes & Townes, 1973)
 * Sciocryptus Porter, 1987 — Neotropical
 * Synechocryptus Schmiedeknecht, 1904 — Ethiopian, Palearctic
 * Trachysphyrus Haliday, 1836 — Neotropical
 * Tricentrum Townes, 1970a — Neotropical
 * Trihapsis Townes, 1970a — Neotropical
 * Xiphonychidion Porter, 1967 — Neotropical (Porter, 1987)
 * Xylacis Porter, 1987 — Neotropical
 * Xylophrurus Förster, 1869 — Holarctic
 * Xylostenus Gauld, 1984 — Australian
 * Zonocryptus Ashmead, 1900 — Ethiopian
 * Subtribe Gabuniina
 * Agonocryptus Cushman, 1929 — Nearctic, Neotropical
 * Ahilya Gupta & Gupta, 1985 — Oriental
 * Amrapalia Gupta & Jonathan, 1970 — Oriental
 * Anepomias Seyrig, 1952 — Ethiopian
 * Apocryptus Uchida, 1932 — Oriental
 * Arhytis Townes, 1970a — Australian, Oriental
 * Cestrus Townes, 1966 — Neotropical
 * Cryptohelcostizus Cushman, 1919 — Nearctic
 * Dagathia Cameron, 1903 — Oriental
 * Digonocryptus Viereck, 1913 — Neotropical
 * Eurycryptus Cameron, 1901 — Australian, Ethiopian, Oriental
 * Fenixia Aguiar, 2005 — Neotropical
 * Fortipalpa Kasparyan & Ruiz, 2007 — Neotropical
 * Gabunia Kriechbaumer, 1895 — Ethiopian
 * Gerdius Townes, 1970a — Ethiopian
 * Hackerocryptus Gauld, 1984 — Australian
 * Hadrocryptus Cameron, 1903 — Oriental
 * Kemalia Koçak, 2009 — Oriental
 * Kriegeria Ashmead, 1905 — Oriental (Gupta, 1987)
 * Lagarosoma Gupta & Gupta, 1984 — Neotropical
 * Lophoglutus Gauld, 1984 — Australian
 * Microstenus Szépligeti, 1916 — Oriental
 * Nesolinoceras Ashmead, 1906 — Neotropical
 * Pharzites Cameron, 1905 — Oriental
 * Prosthoporus Porter, 1976 — Neotropical
 * Pterocryptus Szépligeti, 1916 — Ethiopian, Palearctic
 * Schreineria Schreiner, 1905 — Ethiopian, Oriental, Palearctic
 * Spathacantha Townes, 1970a — Ethiopian
 * Tanepomidos Gupta & Jonathan, 1971 — Oriental
 * Torbda Cameron, 1902 — Oriental
 * Trypha Townes, 1970a — Neotropical
 * Xanthocryptus Cameron, 1901 — Australian, Oriental
 * Xoridesopus Cameron, 1907 — Oriental
 * Subtribe Glodianina
 * Dicamixus Szépligeti, 1916 — Neotropical
 * Glodianus Cameron, 1902 — Neotropical
 * Lamprocryptus Schmiedeknecht, 1904 — Neotropical
 * Subtribe Goryphina
 * Allophatnus Cameron, 1905 — Australian, Ethiopian, Oriental (Townes, 1971)
 * Baltazaria Townes, 1961b — Neotropical, Oriental
 * Bozakites Seyrig, 1952 — Ethiopian
 * Buodias Cameron, 1902 — Ethiopian, Oriental (Gupta, 1987)
 * Hoeocryptus Habermehl, 1902
 * Takastenus Uchida, 1931 (Gauld, 1984 — Gupta, 1987)
 * Soratsia Seyrig, 1952 (Townes & Townes, 1973)
 * Ceratella Seyrig, 1952
 * Calosphyrum Townes, 1970a — Oriental
 * Ceratophenax Seyrig, 1952 — Ethiopian
 * Colaulus Townes, 1970a — Oriental
 * Costifrons Townes, 1970a — Ethiopian
 * Debilos Townes, 1966 — Neotropical
 * Diapetimorpha Viereck, 1913 — Nearctic, Neotropical
 * Euchalinus Townes, 1961b — Australian, Oriental
 * Formostenus Uchida, 1931 (Jonathan, 1980) — Oriental
 * Fotsiforia Seyrig, 1952 — Ethiopian, Oriental (Jonathan, 1980)
 * Friona Cameron, 1902 — Oriental
 * Gambroides Betrem, 1941 — Australian, Ethiopian, Oriental (Jonathan, 1980)
 * Goryphus Holmgren, 1868 — Australian, Ethiopian, Oriental
 * Hemisphragia Seyrig, 1952 — Ethiopian
 * Hoeocryptus Habermehl, 1902 — Ethiopian
 * Hylophasma Townes, 1970a — Holarctic, Neotropical
 * Isotima Förster, 1869 — Oriental, Ethiopian
 * Larpelites Cameron, 1904 — Ethiopian
 * Lavinifia Seyrig, 1952 — Ethiopian
 * Listrognathus Tschek, 1870 — Australian, Ethiopian, Holarctic, Oriental
 * Loxopus Townes, 1970a — Neotropical
 * Madagascesa Kocak & Kemal, 2008 - formerly Perinetia Seyrig, 1952 — Ethiopian
 * Madastenus Seyrig, 1952 — Ethiopian
 * Melcha Cameron, 1902 — Oriental
 * Menaforia Seyrig, 1952 — Ethiopian, Oriental
 * Necolio Cheesman, 1936 — Australian, Ethiopian, Oriental, Palearctic
 * Neobuodias Rao & Nikam, 1984 — Oriental
 * Owenus Townes, 1970a — Ethiopian
 * Perjiva Jonathan & Gupta, 1973 — Oriental
 * Piambia Seyrig, 1952 — Ethiopian
 * Pseudotricapus Jonathan, 1987 — Oriental
 * Skeatia Cameron, 1901 — Ethiopian, Oriental (Jonathan & Gupta, 1973)
 * Syntrips Gauld, 1984 — Australian
 * Tanyloncha Townes, 1970a — Ethiopian
 * Tolonus Seyrig, 1952 — Ethiopian
 * Trafana Seyrig, 1952 — Ethiopian
 * Tricapus Townes, 1970a — Ethiopian
 * Tsirambia Seyrig, 1952 — Ethiopian
 * Subtribe Lymeonina
 * Acerastes Cushman, 1929 — Nearctic, Neotropical
 * Basileucus Townes, 1970a — Neotropical
 * Bathyzonus Townes, 1970a — Neotropical
 * Bicryptella Strand, 1917 — Neotropical
 * Dismodix Townes, 1966 — Neotropical
 * Golbachiella Townes, 1970a — Neotropical
 * Latosculum Townes, 1966 — Neotropical
 * Lymeon Förster, 1869 — Nearctic, Neotropical
 * Mallochia Viereck, 1912 — Nearctic, Neotropical
 * Pachysomoides Strand, 1917 — Nearctic, Neotropical
 * Petila Tedesco & Aguiar, 2009 — Neotropic
 * Polycyrtidea Viereck, 1913 — Nearctic, Neotropical
 * Polyphrix Townes, 1970a — Neotropical
 * Priotomis Townes, 1970a — Neotropical
 * Rhinium Townes, 1966 — Neotropical
 * Savolia Seyrig, 1952 — Ethiopian
 * Strabotes Townes, 1970a — Neotropical
 * Toechorychus Townes, 1946 — Neotropical
 * Subtribe Melanocryptina
 * Melanocryptus Cameron, 1902 — Neotropical
 * Subtribe Mesostenina
 * Acorystus Townes, 1970a — Neotropical
 * Anupama Jonathan, 1982 — Oriental
 * Bicristella Townes, 1966 — Neotropical
 * Cryptanura Brullé, 1846 — Nearctic, Neotropical
 * Diloa Cheesman, 1936 — Australian, Oriental
 * Gotra Cameron, 1902 — Ethiopian, Oriental
 * Gyrolaba Townes, 1970a — Oriental
 * Harpura Townes, 1970a — Neotropical
 * Hercana Townes, 1970a — Neotropical
 * Irabatha Cameron, 1906 — Australian, Oriental
 * Junctivena Gauld, 1984 — Australian
 * Mecistum Townes, 1970a — Neotropical
 * Mesostenus Gravenhorst, 1829 — worldwide
 * Paranacis Gauld, 1984 — Australian
 * Polycyrtus Spinola, 1840 — Nearctic, Neotropical
 * Stiromesostenus Cameron, 1911 — Australian, Oriental
 * Tomagotras Gauld, 1984 — Australian
 * Tretobasis Porter, 1973 — Neotropical
 * Subtribe Osprynchotina
 * Acroricnus Ratzeburg, 1852 — Holarctic
 * Iaria Cheesman, 1936 — Australian, Oriental
 * Messataporus Cushman, 1929 — Nearctic, Neotropical
 * Nematopodius Gravenhorst, 1829 — Oriental, Palearctic
 * Osprynchotus Spinola, 1841 — Ethiopian
 * Photocryptus Viereck, 1913 — Neotropical
 * Poecilopimpla Morley, 1914 ;
 * Picardiella Lichtenstein, 1920 — Ethiopian, Oriental, Palearctic
 * Sphecoctonus Seyrig, 1952 — Ethiopian
 * Stenarella Szépligeti, 1916 — Australian, Ethiopian, Oriental
 * Subtribe Sphecophagina
 * Arthula Cameron, 1900 — Australian, Oriental, Palearctic
 * Latibulus Gistel, 1848 — Oriental, Palearctic
 * Sphecophaga Westwood, 1840 — Holarctic
 * Subtribe Vagenathina
 * Stetholophus Townes, 1970a — Oriental
 * Vagenatha Cameron, 1901 — Oriental

Tribe Aptesini

 * Aconias Cameron, 1904 — Palearctic, Oriental
 * Aptesis Förster, 1850 — Ethiopian, Holarctic, Oriental
 * Colocnema Förster, 1869 — Palearctic
 * Cratocryptus Thomson, 1873 — Holarctic
 * Cubocephalus Ratzeburg, 1848 — Holarctic
 * Demopheles Förster, 1869 — Holarctic, Oriental
 * Echthrus Gravenhorst, 1829 — Holarctic
 * Giraudia Förster, 1869 — Holarctic
 * Hemigaster Brullé, 1846 — Oriental
 * Javra Cameron, 1903 — Holarctic, Oriental
 * Listrocryptus Brauns, 1905 — Palearctic
 * Litochila Momoi, 1965 — Oriental, Palearctic
 * Livipurpurata Wang & Yao, 1994 — Oriental
 * Mansa Tosquinet, 1896 — Ethiopian, Oriental
 * Megaplectes Förster, 1869 — Holarctic
 * Notocampsis Townes, 1970a — Neotropical
 * Oresbius Marshall, 1867 — Holarctic
 * Oxytaenia Förster, 1869 — Nearctic, Neotropical
 * Parmortha Townes, 1962 — Holarctic
 * Platymystax Townes, 1970a — Ethiopian, Neotropical, Oriental
 * Plectrocryptus Thomson, 1874 — Oriental, Palearctic
 * Pleolophus Townes, 1962 — Holarctic
 * Polytribax Förster, 1869 — Holarctic, Neotropical, Oriental
 * Rhytura Townes, 1962 — Nearctic
 * Schenkia Förster, 1869 — Holarctic
 * Stomacis Townes, 1970a — Oriental

title: Cryptinae


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Era Flair

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was Delete. Carbonite | Talk 22:29, 13 October 2005 (UTC)

Era Flair
Listed for deletion under Experimental Deletion/XD1. Looks non-notable - "era flair" "buddy luv" returns 0 googles. N (t/c) 01:25, 24 August 2005 (UTC) (Delete Does not come within a mile of WP:MUSIC CastAStone 18:49, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Ambi 15:30, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Relisting orphaned nomination from August 24. No vote. Tito xd 18:06, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Note to closing admin: Notice that this is a VFD subpage, not an AFD subpage.

 * Keep, verify, and cleanup. --[[Image:Ottawa flag.png|20px]] Spinboy 02:02, 2 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete for lack of meeting WP:MUSIC. Friday (talk) 17:55, 3 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, non-notable. Why is this still open almost two weeks after relisting? Bearcat 17:38, 13 October 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Ticarcillin

Ticarcillin is a carboxypenicillin. It can be sold and used in combination with clavulanate as ticarcillin/clavulanic acid. Because it is a penicillin, it also falls within the larger class of β-lactam antibiotics. Its main clinical use is as an injectable antibiotic for the treatment of Gram-negative bacteria, particularly Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus vulgaris. It is also one of the few antibiotics capable of treating Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infections.

It is provided as a white or pale-yellow powder. It is highly soluble in water, but should be dissolved only immediately before use to prevent degradation.

It was patented in 1963.

Mechanism of action
Ticarcillin's antibiotic properties arise from its ability to prevent cross-linking of peptidoglycan during cell wall synthesis, when the bacteria try to divide, causing cell death.

Ticarcillin, like penicillin, contains a β-lactam ring that can be cleaved by β-lactamases, resulting in inactivation of the antibiotic. Those bacteria that can express β-lactamases are, therefore, resistant to β-lactam antibiotics. Due at least in part to the common β-lactam ring, ticarcillin can cause reactions in patients allergic to penicillin. Ticarcillin is also often paired with a β-lactamase inhibitor such as clavulanic acid (co-ticarclav).

Other uses
In molecular biology, ticarcillin is used to as an alternative to ampicillin to test the uptake of marker genes into bacteria. It prevents the appearance of satellite colonies that occur when ampicillin breaks down in the medium. It is also used in plant molecular biology to kill Agrobacterium, which is used to deliver genes to plant cells.

Dosing and administration
Ticarcillin is not absorbed orally, so must be given by intravenous or intramuscular injection.

Trade names and preparations
However Timentin contains clavulanate unlike Ticar
 * Ticarcillin: Ticar was formerly marketed by Beecham, then SmithKline Beecham until 1999, when it merged with Glaxo to form GlaxoSmithKline; it is no longer available in the UK. US distribution ceased in 2004. Ticar was replaced by Timentin.
 * Ticarcillin/clavulanate: Timentin, in Australia, the UK, and the US, was marketed by Beecham, then GlaxoSmithKline.
 * Available in India as TICANTROL (TICARCILLIN/ clavulanate) marketed by SCUTONIX LIFESCIENCES, Bombay

Synthesis
Carbenicillin is used in the clinic primarily because of its low toxicity and its utility in treating urinary tract infections due to susceptible Pseudomonas species. Its low potency, low oral activity, and susceptibility to bacterial beta-lactamases make it vulnerable to replacement by agents without these deficits. One contender in this race is ticaricillin. Its origin depended on the well-known fact that a divalent sulfur is roughly equivalent to a vinyl group (cf methiopropamine, sufentanil, pizotyline etc.). One synthesis began by making the monobenzyl ester of 3-Thienylmalonic acid, converting this to the acid chloride with SOCl2, and condensing it with 6-Aminopenicillanic acid (6-APA). Hydrogenolysis (Pd/C) completed the synthesis of ticarcillin.

title: Ticarcillin


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Kestral

Kestral
Listed for deletion under Experimental Deletion/XD1. Looks like utterly nn gamecruft. N (t/c) 01:26, 24 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect either to Rogue (computer game) or (for spelling error purposes) Kestrel. JYolkowski // talk 01:34, 24 August 2005 (UTC)

Kindly ignore this VfD now, as I've decided not to screw with the experimental deletion process, even though I dislike it and don't see the point (it strikes me as just a glorified speedy tag). N (t/c) 01:44, 24 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Comment It's fine to VFD experimentally deleted pages for any of the XDs (though preferably wait a couple of days to see if people revert an XD tag), XD should not interfere with VFD at this moment in time. Kim Bruning 14:10, 26 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Also comment Indeed, a VfD can run in parallel with the experiment fine, only prompt hard deletion poses a problem, as that removes the opportunity for the XD to be reverted, questioned and hides the history from non-admins. VfD is a slow enough process to ensure that pages are around long enough to see what the reaction is. As for this specific case, I felt the ambiguity of any redirect would be more confusing than the absense of a page. --zippedmartin 14:48, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Yup, that's why XD stipulates that you apply CSD or VFD instead of hard deletes for the duration of any experiment one might be conducting. :-) Kim Bruning 14:58, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Ambi 15:30, 26 August 2005 (UTC)

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Kestral


text:
Suburbs of Canberra

The suburbs of the Australian Capital Territory are organised into a hierarchy of districts, town centres, group centres, local suburbs and other industrial areas and villages. While these divisions have no formal role in the governance or administration of the city, they formed a basis for the planning and development of the city and are significant to the city's commercial and social activities.

For a complete list, see List of the Australian Capital Territory suburbs

Suburbs
Most suburbs of the Australian Capital Territory are designed around local shops, centrally located within walking distance of the outer parts of the suburb. Consequently, they are generally smaller in size to the suburbs of other cities. A typical Australian Capital Territory suburb is bounded on all sides by major roads, and at the centre, contains local shops, or at least a local store. Some also contain a petrol station, a church, or other community facilities. Many also contain a primary school and a preschool.

As a result of these commercial and community facilities being located in the centre of suburbs, Australian Capital Territory lacks strip shopping along major roads and appears to be 'empty' to most visitors. In the older areas, major roads are lined with houses, and in the newer areas they are typically landscaped with mounds of earth and vegetation to form 'parkways'.

Districts
Australian Capital Territory's districts were developed with the intention of being semi-self-contained satellite cities with an intended population of about 80,000 people. The districts contain town centres which serve as commercial, transport and employment nodes. The districts are separated by nature reserves, and in most cases were designed according to a policy of ridges and valleys where the urban areas were located in valleys, separated by ridges, containing nature parks. There are nineteen districts in the Australian Capital Territory, each is divided into between eight and 25 suburbs, but on average about eighteen. Australian Capital Territory's Plan also contains districts located outside of the urban areas for the purposes of land administration.

Following the transfer of land from the Government of New South Wales to the Commonwealth Government in 1911, eighteen original districts were established in 1966 by the Commonwealth via the gazettal of the Districts Ordinance 1966 No. 5 (Cth) which, after the enactment of the, became the. This Act was subsequently repealed by the ACT Government and all districts and the land contained within are now administered subject to the.

In chronological order of mass development, the districts are:

City centre

Canberra's central business district, also known as Civic, is the main commercial centre in Canberra. It is larger than the town centres and contains many Australian Government department offices, large office buildings and retail outlets such as department stores and specialty stores and recreational facilities such as cinemas, bars, nightclubs, restaurants and theatres. The Australian Capital Territory Legislative Assembly is contained within its boundaries; as is the Canberra Theatre and Playhouse, Territory Courts, and the Federal Court.

Town centres

Outside Canberra's central business district, there are five town centres within Australian Capital Territory. As well as serving as commercial nodes, town centres also serve as centres of employment. Most contain at least one major Australia government department. For example:
 * Belconnen Town Centre contains the head offices of the Department of Immigration and Border Protection and the Australian Bureau of Statistics;
 * Tuggeranong Town Centre contains the head offices of the Department of Social Services and the Executive Agency Services Australia; and
 * Woden Town Centre contains the head office of the Department of Health.

, neither the Weston Creek Centre nor the Gungahlin Town Centre contain any substantive Australian government department head office.

Town centres also provide services such as mechanical workshops, gyms, pubs and clubs, cinemas, restaurants and fast food outlets, petrol stations and car dealerships. They also usually contain a public library, police station and a community centre. The Woden Town Centre has high rise office buildings and resembles a 'mini city centre'.

Group centres
Group centres are commercial and community centres smaller than town centres but larger than local shops which are designed to serve a "group" of suburbs – typically about four or five. A typical group centre contains such local commercial facilities such as a supermarket, a petrol station, specialty stores such as a pharmacy, hairdresser, butcher, baker, deli, health food store, betting agency and medical centre. Some larger group centres may also contain banks, a few restaurants and fast food outlets. They will typically also contain recreational and social facilities such as a swimming pool, church, and a tavern or club. These are intended to provide "weekly shopping" type services to the residents of adjoining suburbs.

Industrial areas
The suburbs of Mitchell, Fyshwick and Hume are Australian Capital Territory's industrial areas and are located away from suburbs. While they are the location of light industry (Australian Capital Territory has no heavy industries), they also contain a large number of retail outlets such as furniture stores, hardware stores, car dealerships, bicycle shops, camping stores and wholesale outlets.

Villages
The Australian Capital Territory also contains a number of smaller villages located outside the urban area. Historically some of these are farming or forestry villages and some were damaged or destroyed in the fires of January 2003. The village closest to the urban area is Hall which is located just past Belconnen near the New South Wales border.

title: Suburbs of Canberra


text:
Weroance

Weroance is an Algonquian word meaning leader or commander among the Powhatan confederacy of the Virginia coast and Chesapeake Bay region. Weroances were under a paramount chief called Powhatan. The Powhatan Confederacy, encountered by the colonists of Jamestown and adjacent area of the Virginia Colony beginning in 1607, spoke an Algonquian language. Each tribe of the Powhatan Confederacy was led by its own weroance. Most foreign writers who have come across a weroance only did so on a special occasion. This is the case because a foreigner's presence was special. John Smith noted that there are few differences between weroances and their subjects.

In older texts, especially from the time of the early Jamestown settlers, spelling was not standardized, so the following spellings are used in different texts: A weroansqua is a female ruler. Spellings of this word also vary.
 * weeroance
 * weroance
 * werowance
 * werowans
 * wyroance
 * wyrounce
 * wyrounnces

Powers of a weroance
Paramount chiefs let their district and subordinate weroances make the final decision on how to handle a hostile situation. This was made apparent with the events that took place in 1607 and the hostility with the newcomers (English settlers). Weroances and Priest were the only ones allowed to enter into religious temples. A weroance did not go to meet any visitor, visitors were escorted to see a weroance. The weroance, their wives, and councilors often dressed in the finest jewels, and tanned deer skin.

Individual weroances
Several of the weroances' personal names were known and some recorded by William Strachey and other sources. The names of their respective chieftaincies were also commonly used as titles, exactly analogous to European peerages, so that the Weroance of Arrohattec (whose given name was Ashaquid) was often referred to simply as "Arrohattec", much as the Earl of Essex would be referred to just as "Essex" in lieu of a personal name.

When the English arrived in Virginia, some of the weroances subject to the paramount chief Powhatan, or mamanatowick (Wahunsenacawh) were his own nearest male relatives:

 * Parahunt, Weroance of the Powhatan (proper), also called Tanx ("little") Powhatan, said by Strachey to be a son of the paramount chief Powhatan, and often confused with same.
 * Pochins, Weroance of the Kecoughtan, was also a son of the paramount chief, whom he had appointed there some time after slaying their previous ruler in ca. 1598.
 * Opechancanough, Chief Powhatan's younger brother, was a weroance of the Pamunkey, but increased in power, and came to be the effective ruler of the entire Powhatan Confederacy after Wahunsenacawh's death in 1618.

Matrilineal inheritance
In Powhatan society, women could inherit power, because the inheritance of power was matrilineal. In A Map of Virginia John Smith of Jamestown explains:"His [ Chief Powhatan's] kingdome descendeth not to his sonnes nor children: but first to his brethren, whereof he hath 3 namely Opitchapan, Opechancanough, and Catataugh; and after their decease to his sisters. First to the eldest sister, then to the rest: and after them to the heires male and female of the eldest sister; but never to the heires of the males."

title: Weroance


text:
Avarpi

The Avarpi or Auarpoi or Avarni were Germanic tribe attested in Ptolemy's Geography. The attested Greek is Auarpoi. Avarpi is a scholarly transliteration into Latin, with some using Avarni on the assumption that the name refers to the Varni of Mecklenburg. However, Ptolemy uses Farodeinoi for Varini and clearly says that the Auarpoi are next to the Teutonikai and between the Sueboi and the Farodeinoi. This location is not precise, but is somewhere in the Pommern/Propommern region.

title: Avarpi


text: Category:Governors of Baja California

title: Category:Governors of Baja California


text: User talk:24.175.222.80

title: User talk:24.175.222.80


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Joe McGee (0th nomination)

Joe McGee
Listed for deletion under Experimental Deletion/XD1. Looks possibly notable but I'll list it here anyway. N (t/c) 01:28, 24 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Ambi 15:30, 26 August 2005 (UTC)


text: User talk:70.171.46.80

title: User talk:70.171.46.80


text:
Bedpan

A bedpan or bed pan is a device used as a receptacle for the urine and/or feces of a person who is confined to a bed and therefore not able to use a toilet or chamber pot.

Bedpans can be either reusable or disposable, and include several different types. Reusable bedpans must be emptied, cleaned, and sanitized after each use and allow for urination or defecation while either sitting or lying in bed, as they are placed beneath the buttocks for use. Disposable bedpans are made of recycled and/or biodegradable materials, and are disposed of after a single use. Disposable bedpans or liners rest inside a reusable bedpan, which is needed to support the user's weight during use.

Regular bedpans look similar to a toilet seat and toilet bowl combined, and have the largest capacity. Fracture or slipper bedpans are smaller than standard-size bedpans and have one flat end. These bedpans are designed specifically for people who have had a pelvic fracture or are recovering from a hip replacement. This type of bedpan may be used for those who cannot raise their hips high enough or roll over onto a regular-size bedpan. Bedpans have a weight limit, which is different depending on the material and style of the bedpan. For people who are over those weight limits, a bariatric bedpan can be used, which includes tapered edges for durability.

Bedpans differ from chamber pots in both size and function. Chamber pots are larger and usually have handles and a lid. A bedpan is smaller, since it is placed in the bed and positioned under the person for use. Bedpans can have lids, but most do not, as they are immediately emptied or disposed of after use. Bedpans have a long single handle that can double as a spout, either for urine entry or for emptying after use.

History
The word bedpan was first seen in the literature of John Higgins in 1572, and one of the oldest known bedpans is on display in the Science Museum of London. It is a green, glazed earthenware bedpan that has been dated to the 16th or 17th century. At that time, bedpans were made from materials including pewter, brass, pottery, glass, and porcelain. Bedpans were not a commonplace item in hospitals until the late 1800s. Florence Nightingale, who worked as a nurse in the United Kingdom from the mid to late 1800s, diagramed death rates and causes for soldiers in military hospitals during the Crimean War and then correlated them to corresponding sanitization procedures. As a result, Nightingale proposed several methods to improve the sanitary conditions in both military and civilian hospitals, including the addition of bedpans in order to reduce infection exposure from urine or feces. In the 20th century, bedpans were made of ceramic, enamel, or stainless steel, and after the 1960s, bedpan materials expanded to include plastics and disposable substances. The initial bedpan patent was created in the United States in the 1940s. Today, most bedpans are made of stainless steel, plastic, or disposable materials. Stainless steel is durable and easy to clean, but it may be cold, hard, and/or uncomfortable to use. Since the 1960s, disposable bedpans or single-use bedpan liners, made from either recycled wood pulp or biodegradable plastics, have become more popular. The first patent for disposable bedpan liners was patented in the United States in June 1976 and relied mainly on wood pulp products as the primary material.

In particular, after the introduction and implementation of the Health Technical Memorandum in the United Kingdom in 2007, now renamed Health Technical Memorandum 2030, it became mandatory to sterilize hospital equipment using an autoclave, also known as a steam sterilizer or macerator. This jumpstarted the switch from stainless steel bedpans to pulp-made bedpans within the United Kingdom, mainly because the overall cost of using a macerator outweighed the cost of disposing of pulp materials. Furthermore, in the European Union, pulp products have recently been reclassified as medical devices, beginning in 2021. This means that these products must meet certain requirements and regulations to ensure their safety and efficacy for medical use. By categorizing pulp products as medical devices, the European Union recognizes their importance in healthcare settings due to their crucial role in maintaining hygiene and preventing infection spread. Utilizing disposable bedpans can prevent the spread of infectious diseases by lowering the risk of contamination during handling and disposal of the excretions.

Use and Indication
Bedpans are used for toileting for those confined to beds and may be used in a hospital, nursing facility, or at home. There are many reasons someone may be confined to bed, necessitating the use of bedpans. These include permanent or long-term disease states with limited mobility such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, stroke, or dementia. Additionally, individuals may be confined to bed temporarily as a result of a short-term illness, injury or surgery.

Current nursing guidance suggests that bedpans are indicated for immobile patients with the following concerns: fractures, such as hip or lower extremities, profound fatigue, major surgeries, high fall risk, increased injury potential, and obstetrical.

Some downsides to using bedpans include the risk of pressure ulcers, lack of privacy, and the potential to spread infection. Pressure ulcers can be caused by prolonged use and the supporting areas of the bedpan being too small. In order to reduce this risk, ergonomic bedpans have been developed, which support the person with a larger area of less-conductive plastic. There are also designs that completely cover the genitalia during use, offering protection and providing an extra measure of privacy. Some of these ergonomic designs require material that is more difficult to sterilize, and may become a reservoir for microorganisms; there have been improvements in cleaning and sterilization to combat this.

Cleaning, sterilization, and infection control
Managing proper hygiene and the cleaning of bedpans for bedridden individuals is important to reduce the risk of infection. Used bedpans contain bodily fluids and waste and can either be reused through disinfection or disposed of.

Sterilization and disinfection procedures for medical devices are established based on the device category. There are three categories of medical device types, which are generally agreed upon by international governing bodies, including the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC). These categories are Critical Use, Semi-Critical Use, and Non-Critical Use. Bedpans are considered Non-Critical use, meaning the recommendation for cleaning is a low or intermediate level disinfectant. For shared equipment, the CDC recommends cleaning and disinfecting before and after each use, and when compatible disinfectants are not available, guidance is to use a washer-disinfector or boiling water. Dedicated equipment cleaning and disinfectant are similar, but with an additional note to accommodate sanitization based on the risk level of the patient. For example, caregivers should wear gloves when emptying bedpans for those on chemotherapy in order to avoid exposure to toxins. Using stainless steel or plastic reusable bedpans poses a risk of spreading infection through caregivers and the environment. Compared to other metals like copper, steel does not have an inherent ability to disinfect. Copper has had some antimicrobial indications dating back to the 19th century, as some copper workers appeared immune to cholera outbreaks or used copper to treat infections or infectious complications. There are a variety of alternative disposal methods to ensure that infection spread is under control, such as bedpan washer disinfector machines and disposable bedpans.

Washer disinfectors have been utilized more recently for the cleaning of reusable bedpans rather than disinfectants, especially due to the risk of cross-contamination with viruses such as SARS-CoV2 or Ebola. Washer disinfectors are instruments used to disinfect used bedpans at high temperatures of at least 80 °C to 85 °C.

Disinfector machines have been shown to be efficacious against common bacterial infections such as C. difficile spores and E. coli when following instructions, which is an alternative to disposable bedpan waste management. This was proven by a trial where commercially available washer disinfectors were evaluated for efficacy and thermal disinfections against C. difficile spores and colonies of E. coli. After one cycle of the washer the bedpan devices were observed for their efficacy in disinfection against C. diff and E. coli by using swabs of the devices shortly after the cycle, microorganisms were eluted and log-kill was calculated. This process showed evidence that the washer disinfector was highly efficacious in against both C. diff spores and E. coli colonies. However, it is important to note that not all countries have this technology and may use other methods of disinfecting for reusable bedpans or opt in for disposable bedpans. Reusable bedpans used multiple times after a disinfecting procedure carried out by hospital staff, whereas disposable bedpans are used once and then discarded right after use.

Global usage of bedpans
Bedpan use varies significantly among countries based on social and cultural norms, resources available, and infection control priorities. A recent study estimated that 40 percent of the world's population lacks adequate sanitary toilet facilities. This lack of access to basic sanitation has far reaching effects, leading to the spread of diseases and reducing overall quality of life. This has a correlation with the amount of bedpan usage, whether multi-use or single-use, as well as how they are cleaned. As of 2014, countries such as Denmark, France, Germany, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Mongolia, Norway, Thailand, Tunisia, and Uruguay, had rates of 93%–100% for multiple use bedpans. In other countries, single-use bedpans are more prevalent, such as in Australia, Canada, China, the UK, and the US, with rates varying from 46%–89%. Plastic bedpans are used mostly in the US (93%), Netherlands (100%), France (94%), China (100%), and Tunisia (91%), whereas steel bedpans are mainly used in Germany (91%) and Indonesia (80%). Macerators for single-use bedpans are predominantly used in Australia (73%) and the UK (95%), but not in Canada (48%), the US (7%), China (14%), and Thailand (8%). Bedpan washers use chemical disinfectants mainly in the US, Uruguay, Tunisia, and India, whereas heat is commonly used in Australia, Denmark, the Netherlands, Germany, and Hong Kong. Only 13% of bedpans were fully sterilized worldwide. It was mentioned in Canada (14%), the US (31%), the Netherlands (20%), France (9%), China (20%), Egypt (19%) and Pakistan (18%) that water was used only for manual cleaning. This was the largest study to date on worldwide bedpan usage, with 93 countries participating and providing 1440 total responses.

Alternatives
For individuals who are bedridden or experience urinary incontinence, urinary catheters provide an additional option for getting rid of fluid waste; however, fecal matter may still require the use of a bedpan or other instruments. Indwelling urinary catheters are catheters that can be used for years and, akin to bedpans, come either as a one-time-use drainage bag or as a leg bag that can be cleaned or reused. While there are benefits to catheters, a common complication of long-term catheter use is asymptomatic bacteriuria.

Portable urinals, or urinal bottles, are common instruments used by not only those who are bedridden, but also those en route to get rid of liquid waste ````. The use of portable urinals has a long history, dating back to the French Renaissance in the 16th century, when surgeons developed the urinals to manage male urinary incontinence. Female urinals do exist; however, they may be less easy to use compared to male urinals since they require a wider opening and this can lead to spillage, especially for bedridden individuals, for whom a bedpan may be better suited. Mobile shower commodes are types of sturdy portable toilets that can be used outside the bed by individuals. For those with spinal cord injuries, shower commodes are a common part of assistive technology to help with bowel movements and bathing routines. Some concerns with shower commodes include long and frequent usage being associated with skin breakdown and the development of pressure ulcers, but additional studies need to be conducted to further address safety concerns.

Old age and multiple comorbidities increase the risk of adults developing urinary incontinence. Absorbent products are designed specifically to absorb or contain urine, and some are even reusable. There are various designs of absorbent products, and some may be better suited for individuals depending on their level of incontinence. Pantyliners, pads, and leakage guards for adults help to manage light to moderate incontinence, whereas undergarments, protective underwear, and adult diapers help to manage moderate to heavy incontinence. Choosing which product to use depends on a variety of different factors, such as gender, cost, and level of dependence on absorbent products, but all such products have an absorbent lining that prevents leakage and odor.

title: Bedpan


text:
Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Orthodox Judaism

Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Orthodox Judaism/Archive1 (from when it was 'WikiProject Chareidi Judaism') Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Orthodox Judaism/Archive2

vote for Moses to become a featured article vote
Vote at Featured article candidates/Moses so as too get Moses into a featured article --Java7837 22:52, 22 July 2007 (UTC)

symbol of membership
Does anyone object if the symbol of membership in this group is changed to something other than the blue magen david? this symbol has come to carry a strong connection with zionism, which is a movement fundamentally at odds with Orthodox Judaism, and thus not appropriate for use as a symbol. How about a symbol of a Sefer Torah? Yehoishophot Oliver 16:36, 10 June 2007 (UTC)
 * I most definitely agree. Or how about a picture of.... a Kiddush cup? Yes, a Kiddush cup would be great. --Rabbeinu 09:08, 20 June 2007 (UTC)

Keep the symbol i support zionism i can't believe you don't unless you are refering to secular zionism which is definetly at odds with torah and Hashem. --Java7837 02:47, 21 June 2007 (UTC)

 * This is not the place to to discuss whether you do or don't support Zionism. The point at issue is whether a blue magen David is  a symbol of Orthodox Judaism. I don't think it is.--Redaktor 05:21, 21 June 2007 (UTC)

 * I created a Torah scroll icon as an experiment: Image:Torah.png. It's not very good, but it should look ok if scaled down in size, and I hope someone will improve it. Also, I saw a couple other images in m:Category:Jewish symbols commons:Category:Jewish symbols that might do, or else maybe photograph could be used. nadav (talk) 08:59, 21 June 2007 (UTC)

 * A Torah scroll is a good idea and captures the essence of the project. It would be OK even without text, or closed. [NB there are no images at m:Category:Jewish symbols ] --Redaktor 12:27, 21 June 2007 (UTC)

 * I like the Torah scroll image, but the letters in the picture make it look silly. Take out the letters and it will be good to go.--DLand TALK 13:21, 21 June 2007 (UTC)
 * I second that. Shlomke 02:17, 22 June 2007 (UTC)

 * Here's how it looks with the current scroll image. Feel free to play with it (e.g. change the colors etc. I'm not that artistic). I'll upload a new image without the letters in a bit. nadav (talk) 03:11, 22 June 2007 (UTC)

Who are active here?
Not much activity here. Please leave a note, all those who follow this page. Perhaps Redaktor, Kotzker, Yodamace1, Y, Jayjg, ChosidFrumBirth - and the many others? --Rabbeinu 09:08, 20 June 2007 (UTC)
 * My name appears on the project page (List of participants).--Redaktor 05:22, 21 June 2007 (UTC)
 * I don't get the idea that everybody who is listed there is actually active on Wikipedia at all, let alone with this project. That's why I'm asking people to leave a note. --Rabbeinu 07:18, 21 June 2007 (UTC)
 * I follow this page because I've worked on related articles, but I'm not an active participant. nadav (talk) 08:48, 21 June 2007 (UTC)
 * I read this page, but I rarely comment on anything. sometimes I look at the article which people post "OMG this article really needs help" (as if there aren't thousands of such articles).  Jon513 17:18, 21 June 2007 (UTC)
 * It's good to help out someone with a page, even if there are many other pages no one goten to yet. nadav (talk) 02:04, 22 June 2007 (UTC)
 * I suggest you leave messages on the talkpages of people you think would be interested in joining. nadav (talk) 02:04, 22 June 2007 (UTC)
 * I for one follow the page. Shlomke 02:09, 22 June 2007 (UTC)
 * I follow the page too, in general. --Yehoishophot Oliver 04:45, 22 June 2007 (UTC)
 * I follow it too. Itzse 16:55, 22 June 2007 (UTC)

When this project was reincarnated from "WikiProject Chareidi Judaism" I asked "what does this project do that WikiProject Judaism doesn't do?". In light of the small amount of activity it might be time to close shop and move everything back to wikiproject Judaism. Jon513 11:26, 23 July 2007 (UTC)

Orthodox Rabbinical Biography Collaboration of the Week
This has been inactive for many months. Perhaps it's time to remove it. or maybe it should be modified to something like "Collaboration of the month" instead of week if people are still interested. Shlomke 02:15, 22 June 2007 (UTC)
 * See Templates_for_deletion/Log/2007_April_17. The editors who voted keep were being overly optimistic about it, in my opinion, though. --DLand TALK 02:57, 22 June 2007 (UTC)

 * I agree to rename it "Collaboration of the Month" and if it works out to change it back to "Collaboration of the Week"; but someone should actually change it on every first of the month. Itzse 17:00, 22 June 2007 (UTC)

Talk page banner?
I know that several projects which use the project banner of another project in terms of article assessment. The various subprojects of WikiProject Australia come to mind. Would the members of this project like to have information included in the project banner of WikiProject Judaism which would assess the articles for this project as well? John Carter 18:14, 26 July 2007 (UTC)
 * That would be helpful. --Redaktor 00:00, 29 July 2007 (UTC)

What "tales" of the Bible merit separate articles?
There has recently been some discussion regarding which "stories" or portions of the Bible merit having their own articles. For the purposes of centralized discussion, please make any comments at Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Bible. Thank you. John Carter 13:55, 30 July 2007 (UTC)

 * You also asked this on Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Judaism. Having two similar wikiprojects makes it hard to decide where to place a comment, and can also have the unintended consequence of have two parallel conversation forks.  Is there anyone here who does not also monitor WikiProject Judaism? Jon513 17:12, 30 July 2007 (UTC)
 * Noted. I posted it on most of the Christianity-related project pages, too. That's why I asked for the conversation to take place on the linked-to talk page. John Carter 17:16, 30 July 2007 (UTC)

 * ok, that makes sense. I probably should have responded there.  Still, on a separate note - has this wikiproject come to an end?Jon513
 * Which one? John Carter 20:46, 30 July 2007 (UTC)
 * WikiProject Orthodox Judaism - does anyone here only look at this page and not at WikiProject Judaism also? Jon513 13:13, 31 July 2007 (UTC)
 * I honestly don't know the answer to the last question. Regarding the former question, it makes sense to me, doing a lot of work on the Saints project, that, as it were, after the most notable content relevant to the project is more or less adequately included, that a lot of the enthusiasm for creting articles on the content which might not be of the same overall importance might not stimulate as much interest to improve. I'm only a recent arrival to this project, so I don't know it's current status of development yet, but I do know that coming from the Saints Project it took a bit of a "push" to continue interest after the most notable subjects were more or less all put in, and the same thing might be happening here. But, as a newcomer to this project, I honestly don't know whether this project has reached the same level of overall development, and the point of only dealing with creating content on the second or third-tier subjects, that the Saints project has. I don't know if that's the answer you're looking for, but it's the best one I can offer to your question. John Carter 13:47, 31 July 2007 (UTC)

Category:Orthodox Jewish Anti-Zionism
can somebody shed some light in this issue, is there more articles strictly by this category more unique then all orthodox judaism?--יודל 17:07, 28 August 2007 (UTC)

WikiProject Reform Judaism
Please join discussion at Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Judaism --Shirahadasha 04:07, 7 October 2007 (UTC)

so, is this project folding?
There appears to be pressure to shut down WikiProject Progressive Judaism by some users who do not believe it needs to exist - that any talk about Liberal, Reform or Progressive Judaism should rightly take place at the main project. I logically ask, then, what is the current purpose of this project and any discussions on this talk page if it keeps a wider group of Judaic editors from knowing it is happening? Reading such wonderful items as Reform Judaism exists to provide an excuse to eat pork makes me wonder whether keeping the project alive is worth it. Do progressive-minded Jews wander over here to poke fun at Haredi Jews? Maybe that would make an interesting talking point for future editing. A Sniper 19:40, 30 October 2007

Request for input in discussion forum
Given the closely linked subjects of the various religion, mythology, and philosophy groups, it seems to me that we might benefit from having some sort of regular topical discussion forum to discuss the relevant content. I have put together the beginnings of an outline for such discussion at WikiProject Religion/2011 meeting, and would very much appreciate the input of any interested editors. I am thinking that it might run over two months, the first of which would be to bring forward and discuss the current state of the content, and the second for perhaps some more focused discussion on what, if any, specific efforts might be taken in the near future. Any and all input is more than welcome. John Carter (talk)

Automated message by Project Messenger Bot from John Carter at 15:44, 5 April 2011

Comment on the WikiProject X proposal
Hello there! As you may already know, most WikiProjects here on Wikipedia struggle to stay active after they've been founded. I believe there is a lot of potential for WikiProjects to facilitate collaboration across subject areas, so I have submitted a grant proposal with the Wikimedia Foundation for the "WikiProject X" project. WikiProject X will study what makes WikiProjects succeed in retaining editors and then design a prototype WikiProject system that will recruit contributors to WikiProjects and help them run effectively. Please review the proposal here and leave feedback. If you have any questions, you can ask on the proposal page or leave a message on my talk page. Thank you for your time! (Also, sorry about the posting mistake earlier. If someone already moved my message to the talk page, feel free to remove this posting.) Harej (talk) 22:47, 1 October 2014 (UTC)

WikiProject X is live!

Hello everyone!

You may have received a message from me earlier asking you to comment on my WikiProject X proposal. The good news is that WikiProject X is now live! In our first phase, we are focusing on research. At this time, we are looking for people to share their experiences with WikiProjects: good, bad, or neutral. We are also looking for WikiProjects that may be interested in trying out new tools and layouts that will make participating easier and projects easier to maintain. If you or your WikiProject are interested, check us out! Note that this is an opt-in program; no WikiProject will be required to change anything against its wishes. Please let me know if you have any questions. Thank you!

Note: To receive additional notifications about WikiProject X on this talk page, please add this page to WikiProject X/Newsletter. Otherwise, this will be the last notification sent about WikiProject X.

Harej (talk) 16:56, 14 January 2015 (UTC)


text:
Talk:Ryo Sasaki

Vote for Deletion
This article survived a Vote for Deletion. The discussion can be found here. -Splash 01:30, 24 August 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Ryo Sasaki


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/ELGG

ELGG
Listed for deletion under Experimental Deletion/XD2. Looks potentially notable; listing for completeness. N (t/c) 01:30, 24 August 2005 (UTC)

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/ELGG


text:
University of Arkansas at Monticello College of Forestry and Natural Resources

The University of Arkansas at Monticello College of Forestry, Agriculture, and Natural Resources (CFANR) is located within the Henry H. Chamberlin Forest Resource Complex on the University of Arkansas at Monticello campus in Monticello, Arkansas. The Chamberlin Forest Resources Complex also houses the Arkansas Forest Resource Center. The school employs 17 faculty and offers Associate of Science, Bachelor of Science, and Master of Science degrees.

The UAM School of Forest Resources is the only forestry school in the state of Arkansas.

History
In 2015, the school's name was changed from the School of Forestry to the School of Forestry and Natural Resources.

In July 2018, the School of Agriculture merged with the School of Forestry and Natural Resources to become the College of Forestry, Agriculture, and Natural Resources.

Degrees
The school offers Associate of Science and Bachelor of Science degrees in the three disciplines of Natural Resources Management, Agriculture, and Land Surveying, as well as an Associate of Applied Science degree in Forest Technology.

It offers a Master of Science degree in Forest Resources and a Graduate Certificate in Waterfowl Habitat and Recreation Management.

Geospatial Science Lab
The CFANR has a Geospatial Science Lab. This lab is central to the unit's research in the areas of Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Global Positioning Systems (GPS), Remote Sensing, and Expert Systems at UAM. The lab utilizes these geo-technologies to focus on developing applications and research to improve natural resource management. This is accomplished by integrating high-tech computer facilities with the expertise of the faculty and staff to evaluate complex problems and provide solutions for more effective natural resource management strategies.

The research and projects at the UADA/UAM Geospatial Science Lab involve the development of applications for new technologies in the field of environmental information sciences, geo-intelligence (advanced geo-information science and earth observation, machine and deep learning, and big data analytics), remote sensing, sUAS/drones, land evaluation, pedology (i.e., soil genesis and classification), forest health monitoring, land use management/planning, monitoring and evaluating sustainable land management, change detection of landscape degradation, and geographic information system models.

The UADA/UAM Geospatial Science Lab promotes the use of geo-technologies throughout the state and the nation. The lab work allows interdisciplinary cooperation, data-rich analytics research, and active outreach across a range of scientific fields (agriculture, forests, and climate change) with major societal impacts. It works closely with community and business leaders, policymakers, educators, students, and members of the general public to ensure the sustainability and proper use of the state's natural resources (i.e. soils, water, and biodiversity).


text:
User talk:Stevko~enwiki

Welcome to Wikipedia!
Hello, welcome to Wikipedia!

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If you feel a change is needed, feel free to make it yourself! Wikipedia is a wiki, so anyone (yourself included) can edit any article by following the  link. Wikipedia convention is to be bold and not be afraid of making mistakes. If you're not sure how editing works, have a look at How to edit a page, or try out the Sandbox to test your editing skills.

If, for some reason, you are unable to fix a problem yourself, feel free to ask someone else to do it. Wikipedia has a vibrant community of contributors who have a wide range of skills and specialties, and many of them would be glad to help. As well as the wiki community pages there are IRC Channels, where you are more than welcome to ask for assistance.

If you have any questions, feel free to ask me on my talk page. Thanks and happy editing, Alphax τεχ 01:31, 24 August 2005 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Stevko. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Stevko~enwiki that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name. If you think you might own all of the accounts with this name and this message is in error, please visit Special:MergeAccount to check and attach all of your accounts to prevent them from being renamed.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 02:52, 20 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 19:14, 22 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Stevko~enwiki


text:
User talk:Cheffo

Welcome to Wikipedia!
Hello, welcome to Wikipedia!

Here are some tips:
 * Take a look at the Simplified Ruleset.
 * Read the Tutorial, How to edit a page and the Manual of Style.
 * Find out how to revert, move and merge pages.
 * Sign your posts on talk pages using four tildes (~~~~).
 * Add yourself to the New user log and a regional notice board
 * Ask questions at the Village pump or Help desk.
 * Use the Show preview button
 * Provide an Edit summary
 * Add the correct image copyright tag to any images you upload
 * Create a User page
 * Be bold
 * Ignore all rules

If you feel a change is needed, feel free to make it yourself! Wikipedia is a wiki, so anyone (yourself included) can edit any article by following the  link. Wikipedia convention is to be bold and not be afraid of making mistakes. If you're not sure how editing works, have a look at How to edit a page, or try out the Sandbox to test your editing skills.

If, for some reason, you are unable to fix a problem yourself, feel free to ask someone else to do it. Wikipedia has a vibrant community of contributors who have a wide range of skills and specialties, and many of them would be glad to help. As well as the wiki community pages there are IRC Channels, where you are more than welcome to ask for assistance.

If you have any questions, feel free to ask me on my talk page. Thanks and happy editing, Alphax τεχ 01:31, 24 August 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Cheffo


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/En ventre sa mere

En ventre sa mere
Listed for deletion under Experimental Deletion/XD2. Looks potentially notable; listing for completeness. N (t/c) 01:32, 24 August 2005 (UTC)


text:
User talk:Biglobiglo

Image:QuiggVC.jpg listed for deletion
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title: User talk:Biglobiglo


text:
Save-On-Foods

Save-On-Foods is a chain of supermarkets located across Western Canada, owned by the Pattison Food Group.

Stores carry both standard brands and private label brands, such as Western Family and Only Goodness. Many stores have a pharmacy, and some locations provide other services, including nutrition tours and health clinics, as well as other features such as Starbucks Coffee (all former Safeway locations) or Tim Hortons (some former Sobeys locations) kiosks, juice bars, and departments featuring BC wines. Today, Save-On-Foods operates 177 stores across British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba and the Yukon Territory.

History
The Save-On-Foods brand was launched in British Columbia in 1982 by Overwaitea Foods, which had been founded in 1915 and was later purchased by Jimmy Pattison in 1968. Most Overwaitea branded stores were gradually converted to Save-On-Foods stores beginning in the 1980s, with the last two remaining Overwaitea stores switching in 2018.

The first Save-On-Foods store in Alberta opened in 1990 in Edmonton. The store's loyalty card was launched in May 1992 as the Save-On-More card, but later rebranded as More Rewards.

Save-On-Foods is also the namesake company of the Save-On-Foods Memorial Centre Arena in Victoria, British Columbia. In 2004, the Jim Pattison Group agreed to pay $125,000 per year for 10 years for the Save-On-Foods name rights on Victoria’s new arena, amidst unpopular public opinion.

In February 2014, the company announced it was taking over 14 stores on Vancouver Island owned by Sobeys, mostly under the Safeway and Thrifty Foods banners. It was also announced that Overwaitea would convert 11 of its PriceSmart Foods locations to the Save-On-Foods brand.

Until 2015, Save-On-Foods operated exclusively in the provinces of British Columbia and Alberta. In July 2015, the company revealed it was planning to open as many as 40 stores in Manitoba and Saskatchewan over the following three to five years, the first of which was scheduled to open in 2016, including three locations in Winnipeg and four in Saskatchewan.

In March 2016, it was announced that Save-On-Foods would also expand to northern Canada opening up a store in Whitehorse, Yukon in 2017.

In 2017, Save-On-Foods began carrying private label products from UK grocery chain Tesco. This arrangement ended in early 2019.

Alberta
45 locations:

 * Airdrie (2)
 * Calgary (9)
 * Camrose
 * Canmore
 * Cochrane
 * Edmonton (15)
 * Fort McMurray (3)
 * Grande Prairie
 * Lethbridge (2)
 * Medicine Hat
 * Okotoks
 * Red Deer (2)
 * Sherwood Park (3)
 * St. Albert (2)
 * Spruce Grove

British Columbia
115 locations:

 * 100 Mile House
 * Abbotsford (3)
 * Aldergrove
 * Burnaby (5)
 * Burns Lake
 * Campbell River
 * Chilliwack (4)
 * Cloverdale
 * Coquitlam (2)
 * Cranbrook
 * Creston
 * Dawson Creek
 * Delta (3)
 * Duncan
 * Fernie
 * Fort St. James
 * Fort St. John
 * Fort Nelson
 * Golden
 * Grand Forks
 * Hope
 * Kamloops (5)
 * Kelowna (4)
 * Kimberley
 * Kitimat
 * Ladysmith
 * Langford
 * Langley (3)
 * Maple Ridge (3)
 * Merritt
 * Mission
 * Nakusp
 * Nanaimo (3)
 * Nelson
 * New Westminster (3)
 * North Vancouver (city)/(district) (4)
 * Parksville
 * Penticton
 * Pitt Meadows
 * Port Alberni
 * Port Coquitlam (2)
 * Port Hardy
 * Powell River
 * Prince George (4)
 * Prince Rupert
 * Princeton
 * Quesnel
 * Revelstoke
 * Richmond (4)
 * Saanich
 * Salmon Arm
 * Sidney
 * Sparwood
 * Squamish
 * Surrey (7)
 * Terrace
 * Vancouver (8)
 * Vernon (2)
 * Victoria (4)
 * West Kelowna
 * Williams Lake
 * Winfield

Manitoba
5 locations:

 * Winnipeg (5)

Saskatchewan
7 locations:

 * Prince Albert
 * Regina (2)
 * Saskatoon (3)
 * Yorkton

Yukon
1 location:

 * Whitehorse

title: Save-On-Foods


text:
Talk:9560 BC

But would someone merge this to something? I'm busy closing VfD's. Redwolf24 01:33, 24 August 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:9560 BC