text:
Oleg Yankovsky

Oleg Ivanovich Yankovsky (Оле́г Ива́нович Янко́вский; 23 February 1944 – 20 May 2009) was a Soviet and Russian actor who excelled in psychologically sophisticated roles of modern intellectuals. In 1991, he became, together with Sofia Pilyavskaya, the last person to be named a People's Artist of the USSR.

Early life
Oleg Ivanovich Yankovsky was born on 23 February 1944 in Jezkazgan, Kazakh SSR (now Kazakhstan). His family was of noble Russian, Belarusian and Polish ancestry. His father, Ivan Pavlovich, was Life-Guards Semenovsky regiment's Stabskapitän. Yankovsky's father was arrested during the purges in the Red Army after the Tukhachevsky case and was deported with his family to Kazakhstan, where he died in the camps of the Gulag system.

After the death of Stalin, the Yankovsky family was able to leave Central Asia for Saratov. Oleg's eldest brother, Rostislav, after graduating from the Saratov Theater School, went to Minsk to play at the Russian Theater. He took 14-year-old Oleg with him due to financial concerns, as in the family there was only one breadwinner – middle brother Nikolay. In Minsk, youngest Yankovsky made his debut on the stage – it was necessary to substitute the sick performer of the episodic role of the boy in the play The Drummer.

Career
After leaving school, Yankovsky returned to Saratov, where in 1965 he graduated from the Saratov Theater School. After graduation, he was accepted into the troupe of the Saratov Drama Theater, where for eight years of work he played a number of leading roles. After success in the role of Prince Myshkin in the play The Idiot in 1973, he was invited to the Lenkom Theatre.

Yankovsky's film career was launched when he was cast in two movies The Shield and the Sword (1968) by director Vladimir Basov about World War II and Two Comrades Were Serving (1968) by Yevgeny Karelov about Russian Civil War.

During his prolific screen career, Yankovsky appeared in many film adaptations of Russian classics, notably A Hunting Accident (1977) and The Kreutzer Sonata (1987). A leading actor of Mark Zakharov's Lenkom Theatre since 1975, he starred in the TV versions of the theatre's productions, An Ordinary Miracle (1978) and The Very Same Munchhausen (1979) being the most notable. For his role in Roman Balayan's Flights in Dreams and Reality (1984), Yankovsky was awarded the USSR State Prize. He has been better known abroad for his parts in Tarkovsky's movies Mirror (as the father) and Nostalghia (in the main role).

In the early 1990s, Yankovsky also played quite different roles in Georgiy Daneliya’s tragic comedy Passport (1990) and in Karen Shakhnazarov’s historical and psychological drama The Assassin of the Tsar (1991). In 1991, he was the president of the jury at the 17th Moscow International Film Festival.

Starting in 1993, Yankovsky ran the Kinotavr Film Festival in Sochi. He continued to receive awards for his work with several Nika Awards from the Russian Film Academy for his directorial debut Come Look at Me (2001) and Valery Todorovsky's Lyubovnik (2002). He appeared as Count Pahlen in Poor Poor Paul (2004) and as Komarovsky in a TV adaptation of Doctor Zhivago (2006), directed by Oleg Menshikov.

The last film Yankovsky appeared in was Tsar, which was released in 2009 and demonstrated at the Cannes Film Festival on 17 May 2009, just three days before his death. Yankovsky played the sophisticated role of Metropolitan Philip in his last film.

Death
On 20 May 2009, Yankovsky died from pancreatic cancer in Moscow, aged 65. A civil funeral took place at Lenkom theater. His burial was held on 22 May 2009 at Novodevichy Cemetery in the presence of his close relatives only.

Personal life

 * Wife – Lyudmila Zorina (born 1 May 1941), actress, Honored Artist of Russia.
 * Son – Filipp (born 10 October 1968), actor and film director.
 * Daughter-in-law – Oksana Fandera (born 7 November 1967), actress.
 * Grandchildren – Ivan (born 30 October 1990), actor; Elizaveta (born 1 May 1994).
 * Brothers – Rostislav Yankovsky (5 February 1930 – 26 June 2016), actor, People's Artist of the USSR; Nikolai Ivanovich Yankovsky (26 July 1941 – 25 May 2015), deputy director of the Saratov Puppet Theater "Teremok".
 * Nephew – Igor Yankovsky (born 29 April 1951), actor.

Filmography

 * O lyubvi (1966) as Andrei
 * The Shield and the Sword (Щит и меч) (1968, TV Mini-Series) as Heinrich Schwarzkopf
 * Two Comrades Were Serving (Служили два товарища) (1968) as Andrei Nekrasov
 * Wait For Me, Anna (Жди меня, Анна) (1969) as Sergei Novikov
 * Those Who Have Kept the Fire (Сохранившие огонь) (1970, TV Movie) as Semen
 * I Am Francysk Skaryna (Я, Франциск Скорина) (1970) as Francysk Skaryna
 * About Love (О любви) (1970) as Andrew, a friend of Nicholas
 * Atonement (Расплата) (1970) as Alexis Platov
 * Operation "Holtsauge" (Операция "Хольцауге") (1970) as Frank Ritter
 * Racers (Гонщики) (1972) as Nikolai Sergachev
 * Wrath (Гнев) (1974) as Leonte Chebotaru
 * Under a Stone Sky (Под каменным небом) (1974) as Jasjika, soldat
 * Unexpected Joy (Нечаянные радости) (1974) as Alexei Kanin (The film was not finished)
 * Police Sergeant (Сержант милиции) (1974) as Criminal nicknamed Prince
 * Mirror (Зеркало) (1975) as the father
 * Bonus (Премия) (1975) as Lev Solomahin
 * The Captivating Star of Happiness (Звезда пленительного счастья) (1975) as Kondraty Ryleyev
 * Theater - this is my home (Мой дом - театр) (1975) as Dmitri A. Gorev, provincial tragedian
 * Trust (Доверие) (1976) as Georgy Pyatakov
 * Other people's letters (Чужие письма) (1976) as Zhenya Priakhin
 * Sentimental Romance (Сентиментальный роман) (1976) as Ilya Gorodetsky
 * Seventy-two degrees below zero (Семьдесят два градуса ниже нуля) (1976) as navigator Sergey Popov
 * Retired colonel (Полковник в отставке) (1977) as Alexei, son of colonel
 * Word for protection (Слово для защиты) (1976) as Ruslan Shevernev
 * Long criminal case (Длинное, длинное дело) (1977) as attorney Vladimir Vorontsov
 * Sweet Woman (Сладкая женщина) (1977) as Tikhon Sokolov
 * Wrong Connection (Обратная связь) (1977) as Leonid Aleksandrovich Sakulin
 * A Hunting Accident (Мой ласковый и нежный зверь) (1978) as Sergey Kamyshev
 * An Ordinary Miracle (Обыкновенное чудо) (1979, TV Movie) as The Wizard
 * Turnabout (Поворот) (1979) as Victor Vedeneev
 * The Very Same Munchhausen (Тот самый Мюнхгаузен) (1979, TV Movie) as Baron Munchausen
 * Open book (Открытая книга) (1979) as Raevski
 * We are the undersigned (Мы, нижеподписавшиеся...) (1981, TV Movie) as Gennady Semenov
 * The Belkin Tales. The Shot (Повести Белкина. Выстрел) (1981) as Count
 * The Hound of the Baskervilles (Собака Баскервилей) (1981, TV Mini-Series) as Jack Stapleton
 * Hat (Шляпа) (1981) as Dmitri Denisov
 * Love by Request (Влюблен по собственному желанию) (1983) as Igor Bragin
 * The House That Swift Built (Дом, который построил Свифт) (1982, TV Movie) as Jonathan Swift
 * Flights in Dreams and Reality (Полёты во сне и наяву) (1983) as Sergey Makarov
 * Nostalghia (Ностальгия) (1983) as Andrei Gorchakov
 * Kiss (Поцелуй) (1983, TV Movie) as staff captain Michael Ryabovitch
 * Two hussar (Два гусара) (1984) as Count Fyodor Turbin
 * Keep me, my talisman (Храни меня, мой талисман) (1986) as Alexey
 * The Kreutzer Sonata (Крейцерова соната) (1987) as Vasily Pozdnyshev
 * Tracker (Филёр) (1987) as Vorobyov
 * To Kill a Dragon (Убить Дракона) (1988) as Dragon
 * My 20th Century (Мой двадцатый век) (1989) as Z
 * Mado, Hold for Pick Up (1990) as director Jean-Marie
 * Passport (Паспорт) (1990) as Boris
 * The Assassin of the Tsar (Цареубийца) (1991) as Dr.Smirnov / Tsar Nicholas II
 * Dreams of Russia (Сны о России) (1992) as Erik Laxmann
 * Dark (Тьма) (1992) as Terrorist
 * Me Ivan, You Abraham (Я - Иван, ты - Абрам) (1993) as Prince
 * Terra incognita (1994) as Odi Atragon
 * Mute Witness (Немой свидетель) (1995) as Larsen
 * ...Pervaya lyubov (1995)
 * The Government Inspector (Ревизор) (1996) as Judge Lyapkin-Tyapkin
 * The Fatal Eggs (Роковые яйца) (1996) as Vladimir Ipat'evich Persikov
 * Muzhchina dlya molodoy zhenshchiny (1996)
 * Milyy drug davno zabytykh let... (1996)
 * Alissa (1998) as Kosicz
 * Rayskoye yablochko (1998) as Zhora
 * Paradise apple (Райское яблочко) (1998) as George
 * Chinese Tea Set (Китайский сервиз) (1999) as Count Stroganov
 * The Man Who Cried (Человек, который плакал) (2000) as Father
 * Town Musicians of Bremen&Co (Бременские музыканты и Со) (2000) as Old Troubadour
 * Come Look at Me (Приходи на меня посмотреть) (2001) as Igor
 * Patul lui Procust (2002) as George Ladima
 * The Lover (Любовник) (2002) as Dmitry Charyshev
 * Poor Poor Paul (Бедный, бедный Павел) (2003) as Count Pahlen
 * Doctor Zhivago (Доктор Живаго) (2006, TV Mini-Series) as Komarovsky
 * Guilty Without Fault (Без вины виноватые) (2008) as Gregory Muroff
 * Stilyagi (Стиляги) (2008) as Fred's father
 * Birds of Paradise (Райские птицы) (2008) as Nicholas
 * Tsar (Царь) (2009) as Metropolitan Philip Kolychev
 * Anna Karenina (Анна Каренина) (2009, TV Mini-Series) as Alexei Karenin (final appearance)

Honours and awards

 * Soviet and Russian awards

 * 1977 – Honored Artist of the RSFSR
 * 1984 – People's Artist of the RSFSR
 * 1987 – USSR State Prize – for his role in "Flights in dream and reality"
 * 1989 – Vasilyev Brothers State Prize of the RSFSR – for role in "The Kreutzer Sonata"
 * 1991 – People's Artist of the USSR
 * 28 December 1995 – Order "For Merit to the Fatherland", 4th class – for services to the state, many years of fruitful work in the arts and culture
 * 1996 – State Prize of the Russian Federation – the main role in Anton Chekhov's play "The Seagull" at the Moscow State Theatre, (Lenkom)
 * 2002 – State Prize of the Russian Federation – the main role in the play "Jester Balakirev" of the Moscow State Theatre
 * 11 August 2007 – Order "For Merit to the Fatherland", 3rd class – for his great contribution to the development of theatrical art, and many years of fruitful activity
 * 23 February 2009 – Order "For Merit to the Fatherland", 2nd class – for outstanding contributions to the development of domestic theatrical and cinematic arts

 * Cinematic and public awards

 * 1977 – Lenin Komsomol Prize – "for talented contemporary incarnation of the images in the movie"
 * 1983 – Best Actor of the Year – for starring in the film Love by Request (according to a poll of the magazine "Soviet Screen")
 * 1983 – Winner of the category "Best actor" of the All-Union Film Festival
 * 1988 – Prize for Best Actor (in the film "Filer") at Valladolid International Film Festival
 * 1989 – Award "for outstanding contributions to the profession" at the "Constellation" (Sozvezdie) film festival for his role in To Kill a Dragon
 * 1991 – Nika Award, three times; in the "Actor", for Best Actor in the film "Regicide" and for Best Actor in the film "Passport"
 * 2001 – Award for Best Actor at the Sochi Open Russian Film Festival Kinotavr – for the film "Come Look at Me"
 * 2001 – Prize of the Russian Cultural Foundation at ORFF Kinotavr in Sochi
 * 2001 – Grand Prix "Gold" Listapad at the Minsk International Film Festival "Listapad" – for his role in "Come look at me"
 * 2001 – First place in the competition "Vyborg Account" at the film festival "Window to Europe" in Vyborg – for the film "Come Look at Me"
 * 2001 – Stanislavsky Theatre Prize – for the main role in the play "Jester Balakirev" of the Moscow State Theatre, "Lenk" [74]
 * 2002 – Nika Award – for Best Actor in the film "The Lover"
 * 2002 – The award "Golden Aries" – for Best Actor in the film "The Lover"
 * 2002 – Award for Best Actor at the ORFF "Kinotavr" in Sochi – for his role in "The Lover"
 * 2002 – Award for Best Actor at the festival "Constellation" – for his role in the movie "The Lover"
 * 2002 – Winner of "Idol" in the "Idol of the Year" – for the main role in the play "Jester Balakirev" of the Moscow State Theatre, "Lenk" and for his role in "Come look at me"
 * 2003 – Golden Eagle Award – for Best Supporting Actor in the film "Poor, Poor Pavel"
 * 2003 – Special Award from the Administration of Krasnodar Krai ORFF "Kinotavr" in Sochi
 * 2005 – Theatre Prize "Hit of the Season" – for the play "Tout payé", or "Paid by all"
 * 2006 – Golden Eagle Award – for Best Actor on Television (in multiserial film "Doctor Zhivago")
 * 2006 – Prize of the Russian Television Academy TEFI – for best actor on television (in multiserial film "Doctor Zhivago")
 * 2007 – Award "Triumph"
 * 2008 – Public award – the Order of St. Alexander Nevsky, "For Fatherland and work"
 * 2009 – Award "Triumph"
 * 2009 – Stanislavsky Award (posthumously given to his son Filipp)
 * 2009 – Prize "long-term President" Kinotavr – for outstanding contribution to Russian cinema" (posthumously)
 * 2009 – Award for Best Actor at the "Constellation" (Sozvezdie) film festival – a starring role in "Anna Karenina" (posthumously)
 * 2010 – Golden Eagle Special Prize for his contribution to the development of national cinema (posthumously)
 * 2010 – Nika Award for 2009 – "Best Actor" (posthumously), for the combination of roles in the film "Anna Karenina" and "King"

title: Oleg Yankovsky


text:
Kleve transmitter

Kleve transmitter is a facility for FM and TV transmission (until 1993 also medium wave transmission) of the WDR near Kleve in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. The Kleve transmitter was founded in 1953.

Since 1994, the transmitter uses as a transmission tower a 126.4 m high guyed steel tube mast. The mast is guyed at 57 and 101.6 m above ground. This mast replaced the old radio mast from the 1960s which was also used for transmissions in the medium wave range until 1993.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Kleve transmitter


text:
ADS (TV station)

ADS is an Australian television station based in Adelaide, South Australia. It is owned and operated by Paramount Networks UK & Australia through their Australian holdings Network 10.

History
ADS-10 began as ADS-7 on 24 October 1959, originally owned by The Advertiser newspaper, which was at the time controlled by The Herald and Weekly Times of Melbourne, founder of television station HSV-7. Therefore, ADS was originally associated with the channel 7 stations in the eastern states, forming the Australian Television Network, predecessor to today's Seven Network. ADS used the national Seven Network logos and presentation in the 1970s and 1980s, and, along with HSV-7, used Frank Gari's Hello News campaign.

In the late 1980s ADS-7 was bought by media entrepreneur Kerry Stokes, who also owned CTC-7 in Canberra. In 1987, Stokes, with new regulations of the Broadcasting (Ownership and Control) Act, planned to buy the Seven Network from John Fairfax & Sons, which would have seen ADS-7 Adelaide and CTC-7 Canberra, along with a soon-to-be new station in Perth for which license was granted to a group participated by Stokes, and aligned with ATN-7 Sydney & HSV-7 Melbourne. Stokes offered $100 million more than rival Christopher Skase for Seven, but was ultimately unsuccessful. Unable to build a metropolitan Seven television network, on 7 August 1987, Stokes sold ADS, CTC and his licence for what will become NEW-10 Perth to Northern Star Holdings, the then owners of Network 10.

This new ownership structure led to the unusual situation that two stations in Adelaide were owned by groups associated with stations in other capital cities bearing the opposite channel numbers. To better align the Adelaide stations with its new sister stations and networks, ADS-7 and Adelaide's original Network Ten station SAS-10 (owned by Seven Network affiliate TVW-7 Perth starting in the 1970s, and that will be acquired the next year by Seven Network owner at the time, Skase's Qintex) agreed to switch affiliations and channel positions, ADS moving to channel 10 and thus becoming the oldest station of Network 10, the younger SAS moving to channel 7. The switch was effective on 27 December 1987. The night before the swap, Seven National News reporter Alan Murrell reported about the pending changes on ADS-7, hours before the switch to Channel 10:

 * "Tonight will mark the end of the callsigns ADS-7 and SAS-10. Tomorrow, it'll be ADS-10 and SAS-7. It's the first time such a change has been made. The switch follows a media shake-up earlier this year, which left ADS in the hands of the owners of the Ten network. Already, the cosmetic changes are being made at Strangways Terrace and Gilberton. But viewers will notice little difference. They'll still turn the knob to 10 for Channel Ten programs, and to 7 for Seven programs."
 * "The only difference will be that the local personalities will be seen on different channels. So if you want to watch Steve Whitham and Caroline Ainslie reading the news tomorrow night, you simply turn the dial three positions, from 7 to ADS-10. And it’s as easy as that."

Less that one month later, ADS, now on channel 10, adopted the new "X" logo that will be used for the final expansion of the network in Perth and Canberra.

In July 2007 ADS-10 moved from its original location on Strangways Terrace, North Adelaide to a new studio on the corner of Wakefield and Hutt streets in the city.

In February 2022, Network 10 relocated to new state-of-the-art studios on Greenhill Road in Eastwood, bringing to an end 15 years of broadcasting in Hutt Street studios in Adelaide.

Program production
Following the station's official opening, the Opening Night Variety Show was hosted by Sydney TV identity Bobby Limb, his wife Dawn Lake and comedian Buster Fiddess. Produced by Fred Maxian and directed by Geoff Grant, the show introduced the station's lineup of hosts for news, children's and daytime shows: Marie Tomasetti, Ian Cochius, Blair Schwartz, Angela Stacey, Bob Moore, Peter Cellier, Ian Boyce and Mary McMahon.

The early schedule included a talent show, Stairway to the Stars, hosted by Marie Tomasetti, the first show to recognise new talent, giving competitors an opportunity to perform. It was very basic, black and white, live action television. A weekly variety Monday night spectacular, The Light Show, which could afford interstate talent such as the schoolboy group, the Bee Gees. Like all good TV variety shows of the era, a full studio orchestra and dancers backed leading artists such as Kamahl, Little Pattie, US TV star Michael Cole, and a long list of other overseas artists including Tommy Steele who toured Australia.

Equipped with a new three-camera outside broadcast van, imported from the German manufacturer Fernseh, the station covered live events such as the John Martin's Christmas Pageant, Glenelg Beach Concerts, special events such as the arrival of The Mickey Mouse Club talent team, The Beatles' visit to Adelaide, as well as major sporting events. The station was owned by Advertiser Newspapers and the local office of the Philips electronics group delivered a top technical fit-out at the North Adelaide studios and the Mount Lofty transmitter site (with the central of the three masts). Many of ADS-7's original staff came from Adelaide commercial radio station 5AD (also owned by The Advertiser) and the Adelaide theatre scene. Production experience was imported from Melbourne commercial television station GTV-9, Melbourne commercial radio station 3DB and the ABC's Melbourne television station, ABV-2

Under the leadership of general manager Keith McDonald and program manager Neville Thomson, the station built a national reputation for production values with strong Art Direction under Trevor Ling and Brian Thompson. Studio directors, John Adey, Lynton Taylor, Graeme Blair, Ted Craig and Steve Bowman, Tony Roberts and Ian Ridley turned out hours of live content each week including Sports panels, daytime game shows, cooking and lifestyle segment, religious program, and a "Funfair" hosted by Angela Stacy, Rick Patterson with Chris and Terry, lit up Adelaide afternoons. Chief engineer, Norm Sawyer, Financial director, Brian Sallis and head of staging John Blain, technical director John Harvey, film manager Bronte Hall, telecine manager Trevor Tipplow, musical director John Drake and news editor Don Riddell were supported by a technical team many drawn from local radio and theatre who learnt the skills of television on the job. Cora Dove handled the make-up department. The station was self-contained with film processing, technical maintenance, set construction and even a gardener.

A highlight for the station were visits from national television shows to record South Australian episodes such as Coles Quiz, The Mobil Limb Show and Bandstand. The station's national export program was Playroom, produced by Heather Gell, a pioneer in pre-school radio and television in Australia. The news division, led by Don Riddell, produced early documentaries on the building of the Berlin Wall, Kenya and the formation of the Malaysian states. Film of interstate and major overseas events such as the assassination of US President John F. Kennedy and the Moon landing all arrived by air and were rushed to North Adelaide for transmission. The station's news camera van could be spotted all over the state as cameramen Wally Herzfeld and Brian Taylor filmed everything from road accidents, political interviews, the arrival of VIPs at Adelaide Airport, local sport and the everyday events that made news. Donald Campbell's land speed record attempts on Lake Eyre, ship wrecks on the Coorong and the disappearance of the Beaumont children were syndicated globally.

In the studios or on outside broadcasts, Mal Boxer and Brian Thomas were the audio directors who assisted either in the studio sound mix of news assignments or out in the field with audio equipment to complete the final product so it was ready to go to air. Popular television shows made during the ADS-7 era include children's shows Cartoon Connection, SPECCO (SPace ECho COmpany) (with Pam Tamblyn & Steve Curtis), KO (Kids Only), and later, as ADS-10, the national pre-school program Mulligrubs. Music programming from ADS included Music Express (1975–1986), hosted by Steve Curtis then Greg Clark and Nightshift hosted by David Day. Popular variety shows included On The Sunnyside, The Penthouse Club and the weekday morning show, Lionel Williams' Woman's World.

The local current affairs show State Affair, hosted by Guy Blackmore, aired weeknights at 6:30 following Seven National News and featured stories about South Australia and its people. From 1967 to 1984, the Easter Appeal telethon was held each year to raise money for the Adelaide Children's Hospital. ADS-7 also broadcast the South Australian National Football League (SANFL) Australian rules football matches for many years with a commentary team comprising Bruce McAvaney, and former SANFL players Peter Marker, Robert Oatey and Ian Day.

The Strangways Terrace site contained two studios. Studio 1 was the largest and home to productions such as the Channel Seven Easter Appeal, Wheel of Fortune, It's Academic, SPECCO and KO while Studio 2 was host to smaller-scale entertainment programmes such as The Super Fun Show [hosted by Steve Curtis and Pam Tamblyn, Music Express, and news and current affairs, including Seven National News and State Affair. Permanent studio seating was provided in Studio One, with portable seating provided in Studio Two for The Super Fun Show. Audio operators Mal Boxer and Brian Thomas were two of the longest-serving operators in the proud history ADS Adelaide television. On-camera host Steve Curtis also worked extensively behind the scenes as a control room director for some years.

The popular television game show Wheel of Fortune originally commenced recording in studio 1 at ADS-10 in July 1981 with Ernie Sigley (later John Burgess from 1984), Adriana Xenides and Steve Curtis (later John Deeks from 1984) then after the changeover to SAS-7 in December 1987 moved to their studios where it remained until July 1996 when the show moved to ATN-7 Sydney.

Current in-house productions

 * 10 News First (Adelaide edition, Sports and Weather Segments only) (2023–present)

Previous in-house productions

 * 10 News First (Adelaide edition) (1987–2000, 2011–2020)
 * Studio 10 3-day outside broadcast (Feb 2014)
 * Simply Footy (2002–2011)
 * AFL coverage: Adelaide, Port Adelaide (2002–2011)
 * The Music Shops (1996–1998)
 * Mulligrubs (1988–1996)
 * Wheel of Fortune (1981–1987, moved to SAS-7 in 1988)
 * Seven News (Adelaide edition) (1959–1987)
 * Aweful Movies with Deadly Earnest/Deadly Earnest's Nightmare Theatre (1967–1975, 1978)
 * State Affair (1980s)
 * The Penthouse Club (1974–1975)
 * Good Friday Appeal/Easter Appeal (1967–1984)

News and current affairs
ADS-10 produces a 90-minute local news program at 5pm on weeknights.

10 News First is presented from the network's Sydney studios by Kate Freebairn with sports presenter Max Bulford and weather presenter Tiffany Warne. Reporters, camera crews and editorial staff are based at ADS-10's Greenhill Road studios in Eastwood.

In September 2020, studio production of the Adelaide bulletin was transferred to Network 10's Melbourne headquarters, leading to redundancies among local presentation and production staff.

Presenters and reporters
News presenter
 * Kate Freebairn (2023–present in Sydney)

Sports presenter
 * Max Bulford (2023–present)

Weather presenter
 * Tiffany Warne (2023–present)

Reporters'

 * Danny Adamopoulos (Chief Of Staff)
 * Tiffany Warne
 * Katrina Muhsin
 * Brett Clappis
 * Alan Murrell (Senior)
 * Jase Kemp (Sport)
 * Caroline O'Dea
 * Taylee Jones
 * Max Burford (Sport)
 * Jodie Oddy

Former presenters

 * Ian Cochius (1959–1960s)
 * Alec Macaskill (1960s–1976)
 * Sandy Roberts (1970s–1979)
 * Kevin Crease (1976–1986)
 * Anne Fulwood (1984–1987)
 * Steve Whitham (1979–1990)
 * Steve Curtis (1975–1982)
 * Caroline Ainsle (1987–1991)
 * Sue Cardwell (1987–1993)
 * Keith Martyn (1982–1995)
 * Marina Emsley (1991–1996)
 * Nikki Dwyer (1992–2000)
 * Katrina Shute (1995–2002)
 * Kelly Nestor (2001–2006)
 * George Donikian (1991–2010)
 * Belinda Heggen (2011–2012)
 * Jane Reilly (1994–2013)
 * Mark Aiston (1996–2014)
 * Rebecca Morse (2006–2020)

Former reporters

 * Adam Hegarty (now with Nine News Queensland)
 * Alice Monfries (now with Nine News)
 * James Wakelin (was with Nine News Adelaide)

title: ADS (TV station)


text:
User:RealWingus/Larrikins

This is an archive of vandalism and unwanted edits (e.g. Wikipedia testing) on my user page.

By 211.30.186.122
I HAVE BIG DICK 8=====D AND ALSO IT FLAILS IN MY FACE WHEN FLACCID! :D :D :D

By 194.112.157.126
This is bold.

This is italic.

This is underlined.

external [link|www.algorithmics.com].

title: User:RealWingus/Larrikins


text:
Het

Het or HET may refer to:

Science and technology

 * Hall-effect thruster, a type of ion thruster used for spacecraft propulsion
 * Heavy Equipment Transporter, a vehicle in the US Army's Heavy Equipment Transport System
 * Hobby–Eberly Telescope, an instrument at the University of Texas McDonald Observatory
 * Human enhancement Technologies, devices for enhancing the abilities of human beings
 * Heterozygote, a diploid organism with differing alleles at a genetic locus; see zygosity
 * Hexaethyl tetraphosphate, in chemistry
 * HET acid, alternate term for Chlorendic acid

Other uses

 * Hét, a village in Hungary
 * Het peoples, or their language
 * Heterosexuality, sexual attraction to the opposite sex
 * HighEnd Teen (2008–2017), a former Indonesian magazine
 * Historical Enquiries Team (2005–2014), a former unit of the Police Service of Northern Ireland
 * Holocaust Educational Trust, a British charity
 * HET, IATA code for Hohhot Baita International Airport, in Inner Mongolia, China
 * HET, former ticker symbol for Harrah's Entertainment, later renamed Caesars Entertainment Corporation, an American hotel and casino corporation
 * HET, initialism for Hoofdklasse, Eerste klasse, Tweede klasse, the three divisions of Football in the Netherlands
 * Heth, a letter of many Semitic alphabets
 * Cyrillic spelling of the Russian word for no, pronounced "Nyet"

title: Het


text:
Andrei Markov (ice hockey)

Andrei Viktorovich Markov (Андрей Викторович Марков; born 20 December 1978) is a Russian-Canadian former professional ice hockey defenceman. Nicknamed "the General", Markov formerly played from 2000 to 2017 with the Montreal Canadiens of the National Hockey League (NHL). He holds both Russian and Canadian citizenship.

Playing career
Markov was drafted by the Montreal Canadiens in the sixth round, 162nd overall, in the 1998 NHL Entry Draft. After being considered one of the best defencemen in Russia in 2000, he came over to North America and split time with the Canadiens and their then-minor league affiliate, the Quebec Citadelles of the American Hockey League (AHL). After rounding out his defensive game, he became a regular in the Canadiens' starting line-up and was widely considered to be their most complete defenceman.

During the 2004–05 NHL lockout, Markov played in his native Russia with Dynamo Moscow of the Russian Superleague (RSL).

Markov signed a four-year contract with the Canadiens on 28 May 2007, keeping him with the team through the 2010–11 season. He had a career year in the 2007–08 season, and was selected to his first NHL All-Star Game as a starter, in Atlanta. On 1 October 2009, Markov suffered a lacerated ankle injury after colliding with teammate Carey Price's skate and was initially expected to be out of the Canadiens' lineup until February 2010. Markov made a full recovery almost two months ahead of schedule and returned to action on 19 December 2009, when the Canadiens faced the New York Islanders. Markov ended up jump-starting the Habs' offence with two goals in his return en route to a 3–0 victory. During the 2010 Stanley Cup playoffs against the Pittsburgh Penguins on 30 April, Markov suffered a leg injury after being hit by Matt Cooke.

On 16 July 2010, Markov became a Canadian citizen. During the 2010–11 season, he played only seven games, earning three points (one goal and two assists). On 13 November 2010, Markov suffered a knee injury in a game against the Carolina Hurricanes and underwent surgery 8 December 2010, missing the remainder of the season.

On 23 June 2011, Markov signed a three-year contract with the Canadiens. On 10 March 2012, he played in his first game in over a year, tallying an assist in a 4–1 victory over the Vancouver Canucks. On 23 June 2014, Markov re-signed with the Canadiens to a three-year contract worth an annual average value of $5.75 million. On 15 September 2014, Markov was named an alternate captain for the Canadiens, along with P. K. Subban, Tomáš Plekanec and Max Pacioretty, sharing the leadership duties of a Canadiens squad currently without a team captain. On 18 September 2015, it was announced that Markov and Brendan Gallagher would serve as alternate captains for Max Pacioretty.

On 26 July 2017 it was announced that Andrei Markov would not be returning to Montreal Canadiens for the 2017–2018 season after spending his entire NHL career with the team and playing 990 games over 16 years. Two days later, on 28 July, it was announced that Markov had agreed to a two-year deal with the KHL's Ak Bars Kazan. Markov's team would go on to win the Gagarin Cup in his first season in the KHL.

On 16 April 2020 Andrei Markov announced his retirement from professional hockey.

title: Andrei Markov (ice hockey)


text:
ZIM (shipping company)

Zim Integrated Shipping Services Ltd., commonly known as ZIM (צים, tsim; a biblical word meaning "a fleet of ships", Numbers 24:24), is a publicly held Israeli international cargo shipping company, and one of the top 20 global carriers. The company's headquarters are in Haifa, Israel; Founded in 1945, ZIM has traded on the New York Stock Exchange since 2021. From 1948 to 2004, it traded as ZIM Israel Navigation Company.

1940s
ZIM was founded on June 7, 1945, as the ZIM Palestine Navigation Company Ltd, by the Jewish Agency, the Israel Maritime League and the Histadrut (General Federation of Laborers in the Land of Israel). The first ship was purchased in partnership with Harris and Dixon (based in London) in 1947. This vessel was refurbished, renamed SS Kedma, and sailed to the future state of Israel in the summer of 1947. After the State of Israel was established in 1948, the company was renamed ZIM Israel Navigation Company Ltd. During its first years, its main task was transporting hundreds of thousands of immigrants to the emerging state. Some of the other ships that had been used for clandestine immigration before the establishment of Israel as a state were confiscated by the British Mandate authorities and later joined the company's fleet. The company continued to purchase more ships, among them were SS Negba, SS Artza and SS Galila.

During 1947–1949 Palestine war, the company was the sole maritime connection with the State of Israel, supplying food, freight and military equipment.

1950s
In 1953, some of the money from the reparations agreement between Israel and West Germany was allocated to the purchase and construction of new ships. The SS Bergensfjord, renamed Jerusalem, sailed the Israel-New York route, Another ship purchased with reparations money was the SS Theodor Herzl.

The company took delivery of its first new vessels, the 9800 ton passenger-cargo liners SS Israel and SS Zion - later known as SS Dolphin IV, in 1955 and 1956, respectively.

1957 saw the delivery of two more new ocean liners, the 10,000 ton sister ships SS Jerusalem and SS Theodor Herzl, followed by the more modest, 7,800 ton SS Moledet in 1961, which featured an all-Tourist Class layout, targeted principally to American tourists looking for affordable transportation to the Holy Land.

ZIM was invited in 1957 by the Government of Ghana to assist the setting up and management of a national shipping line. Black Star Line was formed with a 40% participation by ZIM and principally operated cargo services from West Africa. A similar joint venture - Burma Five Star Line - was made with the Burmese Government in 1959.

1960s
In 1950s and 1960s, ZIM concentrated on passenger ships, alongside a constant expansion of the cargo shipping business. Passenger liners were a common means of international transport before the emergence of cheap air transport, and pleasure cruises were also popular. ZIM sailed the Mediterranean Sea, as well as having regular routes to the United States. Some of its ships cruised to the Caribbean during the winter. 1964 saw the completion of the 25,000 ton ocean liner SS Shalom, which turned out to be a failure, marking the end of the ZIM passenger shipping era.

Due to rising airline competition and the market failure of the expensive new Shalom, passenger services were gradually phased out between 1966-1969, as ZIM refocused on cargo shipping. Jerusalem was chartered out to British-based P&O Cruises in 1966 to become their Miami, then sold entirely in 1968. The sisters Israel and Zion were both sold in 1966, while the expensive, new Shalom was retired and sold in 1967. Theodor Herzl and Moledet completed ZIM's final transatlantic passenger sailings during 1969 and were sold off, marking the end of the company's passenger division.

During the 1960s, ZIM started to turn its focus to cargo ships, and obtained several special-purpose vessels, including refrigerated ships and oil tankers. ZIM transported crude oil from Iran to Israel and oil byproducts from Israel to Europe.

1970s
In the 1970s, ZIM expanded into the container shipping business. ZIM ordered six such ships, and gradually made this its main line of business.

1980s
In 1981, one of the company's ships, Mezada, was lost at sea. Zim went through a lull in maritime shipping at the beginning of the 1980s.

1990s
Zim built 15 more ships in Germany in the 1990s. At this time, the ownership of ZIM was divided between the Israeli government and Israel Corporation.

2000s
In 2004, the Israel Corporation (which is controlled by the Ofer Brothers Group) purchased 49% of ZIM's shares held by the Israeli government, becoming the sole owner of the company. The new official name after privatization became ZIM Integrated Shipping Services. The purchase deal for about five hundred million New Israeli Shekels was severely criticized by the press and the State Comptroller of Israel as being undervalued and becoming just another flag of convenience company. In 2007, ZIM sold its maritime logistics and forwarding services subsidiary NewLog to UTi Worldwide.

In 2008, ZIM planned to launch an initial public offering and selling 25% of its shares on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, but due to the onset of the global economic crisis it was called off. In 2009, ZIM required a cash injection of $450 million by the Ofer family and debt restructuring following the world's container shipping downturn.

2010s
In 2010, ZIM regained profitability and in early 2011 ZIM renewed its plans for a flotation on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, but again had to postpone it due to the economic downturn and the drop in container shipping rates.

In 2014, unloading of a ZIM ship at the Port of Oakland was delayed by anti-Israel protesters. Longshoremen declined to load the ship out of safety concerns, taking no position on the underlying dispute, but unloaded the ship after their safety was assured. Other protests in Los Angeles   and  Tacoma, Washington failed to stop the unloading of cargo from ZIM ships. A second demonstration bypassed Oakland for Los Angeles when longshoremen, not participating in the protest, refused to unload the ship after being physically threatened and their vehicles blocked when they tried to report for work. Protesters' claim they impacted ZIM's shipping schedule was denied by the company, and the local Jewish Community Council denounced the "hateful" rhetoric of the demonstrators.

In July 2014, by which time the company was almost wholly owned by Israel Corporation, ZIM was restructured with 68% of the group's shares owned by its creditors and bondholders, and 32% retained by Israel Corporation, and starting early 2015 by Kenon Holdings, a spin-off company of Israel Corporation. In mid-to-late 2015, plans to revive an initial public offering were implemented. ZIM debuted on the New York Stock Exchange in January 2021, with the backing of Citigroup, Goldman Sachs, and Barclays.

2020s
In March 2021, Zim reported the biggest profit in its 75-year history.

In December 2023 the Malaysian Government rescinded its permit for Zim to use their ports, responding to "Israel's actions that ignore basic humanitarian principles and violate international law" in the 2023 Israel-Hamas war.

Operational statistics

 * Annual turnover 2018: $3.2 billion
 * TEU's Carried in 2018: 2,914,000 million
 * Total TEU Capacity (owned and chartered vessels): 344,460 TEU's
 * Containers: over 547,000 TEUs of various types
 * About 70 vessels, 13 fully or partly owned
 * Ports of Call: 180 throughout the world, with 10 strategically located hubs
 * Services: Over 70 lines and services, mostly on a weekly, fixed-day basis, covering all major trade routes with regional connections
 * Employees: ~4200
 * Regional Headquarters: Haifa (Israel), Norfolk, Virginia (USA), Liverpool (United Kingdom), Hamburg (Germany), Hong Kong
 * Agents: ZIM has more than 170 offices and representatives in over 100 countries throughout the world

Fleet
=== Passenger Fleet ===

title: ZIM (shipping company)


text:
Kate Harwood

Kate Harwood is a British television producer. She became managing director of the revived Euston Films in summer 2014.

Early life
Kate graduated from the University of Birmingham with a degree in Drama and Theatre Arts in 1981 before becoming an Arts Council Trainee director with Century Theatre, Keswick, then Literary Manager of the Royal Court Theatre in London.

Television career
Harwood moved from the Royal Court to spend over 15 years working at the BBC, including as Script Editor and Script Executive, before becoming an executive producer in the BBC Drama Serials department. As a producer, she has worked on dramas including The Beggar Bride, Close Relations, The Echo, David Copperfield, Man and Boy and BAFTA winner Charles II: The Power and the Passion (released in the US under the title The Last King: the Power and the Passion of Charles II, in a heavily edited version on the A&E cable network). In her role as executive producer in BBC drama serials, she was responsible for programs including Crime and Punishment, Daniel Deronda, The Lost World, and Final Demand.

Harwood was appointed the executive producer of EastEnders in February 2005, a position she retained until October 2006, when she was succeeded by Diederick Santer. As well as being responsible for the introduction of several new families, such as the Brannings and the Foxes, she introduced such characters as Sean Slater and May Wright, as well as the departures of many popular characters such as Sharon Watts and Dennis Rickman, Chrissie Watts, Kat Moon and Alfie Moon, Sam Mitchell, Nana Moon, Jake Moon, Little Mo Mitchell, Johnny Allen and Pauline Fowler and oversaw numerous high-profile storylines, such as Pauline Fowler's murder; Billy and Honey's wedding and daughter being born with Down syndrome; and the domestic abuse storyline between Denise Fox and Owen Turner as well as the discovery of Den Watts' body under the Queen Vic. She was also responsible for such ratings-winners as Dennis Rickman's stabbing and the critically acclaimed return of the Mitchell brothers, which drew respective audiences of 12 and 13 million viewers. Other storylines, however, such as a brief lesbian affair between Sonia and Naomi, "Get Johnny Week", and the handling of Pauline Fowler's departure were not as well received, and prompted further media criticism; in July 2006, EastEnders fell to just 3.9 million viewers, its lowest-ever viewing figure. Her final episode aired on 4 January 2007.

In December 2012, Harwood took the position of BBC Head of Drama, replacing John Yorke.

In March 2014, it was announced that Harwood was to leave the BBC to take up a position as managing director of Euston Films, previously a successful producer of British television drama from the 1970s to the early 1990s, then being revived as a company by owners Fremantle Media.

Family
Her grandfather, Admiral Sir Henry Harwood, KBE, OBE (as Commodore) was commander of Force G during the pursuit that resulted in the scuttling of the German 'pocket battleship' Admiral Graf Spee after the Battle of the River Plate, off Uruguay, during the Second World War (these events were later the basis of the 1956 film The Battle of the River Plate). His sons Henry and Stephen both served as officers in the Royal Navy. Her brother, Anthony Harwood, as of 2006 was Head of News at the Daily Mirror, a British newspaper.

title: Kate Harwood


text:
Nikki Charm

Shannon Eaves, known professionally as Nikki Charm, is an American pornographic film actor. She is a member of the Adult Video News Hall of Fame and the XRCO Hall of Fame.

Between 1984 and 1990, Charm appeared in nearly 50 videos and was a contract performer with Vivid Entertainment for some time. Charm stopped appearing in adult videos in 1990, but spent some time as an exotic dancer. She made a brief return to the adult-entertainment industry between 1998 and 2000, when she appeared in six titles.

In 1986 the media revealed that adult superstar Traci Lords had been appearing in sex videos while underage. Federal authorities suspected that other women may also have performed in such movies before they were legally able, including Charm, and subpoenas were issued seeking access to records confirming her age. Unlike Lords, Charm was able to produce documentation verifying that she had made her first adult movie soon after her 18th birthday and was therefore legally able to appear in pornographic videos.

In October 2002 she was arrested and charged with several counts of burglary and grand theft auto. She was convicted and sentenced to a five-year prison term, which she served in the Central California Women's Facility near Chowchilla.

In early 2011 she returned to the adult industry, working as a production manager, and performed in a scene with Tom Byron for his "Seasoned Players" series of adult DVDs.

title: Nikki Charm


text:
Bona Arsenault

Bona Arsenault, (October 4, 1903 – July 4, 1993) was a Canadian historian, genealogist and a federal and provincial politician.

Born in Bonaventure, Quebec, the son of Joseph-Georges Arsenault and Marcelline Gauthier, he studied at Université Laval and University of Connecticut.

In the 1931 Quebec provincial elections, he ran unsuccessfully in the riding of Bonaventure and lost again in 1935 in the riding of Gaspé-Sud. Switching to the federal scene, in 1940, he ran as a National Government candidate in the Quebec riding of Bonaventure and was defeated. He was elected as an Independent candidate in the 1945 election. And was re-elected in 1949 and 1953, as a Liberal candidate. He was defeated in 1957.

Turning back to provincial politics, he was elected in 1960 as a Liberal in the riding of Matapédia. He was re-elected in 1962, 1966, 1970, and 1973. He was defeated in 1976. He was also a cabinet minister hold various posts in the Jean Lesage government, and he wrote the book Histoire et généalogie des Acadiens. In 1980, he was made a Member of the Order of Canada.

His grandson, by marriage, is Patrick Roy.

title: Bona Arsenault


text:
Content reference identifier

Overview
A content reference identifier or CRID is a concept from the standardization work done by the TV-Anytime forum. It is or closely matches the concept of the Uniform Resource Locator, or URL, as used on the World-Wide Web:

The concept of CRID permits referencing contents unambiguously, regardless of their location, i.e., without knowing specific broadcast information (time, date and channel) or how to obtain them through a network, for instance, by means of a streaming service or by downloading a file from an Internet server.

The receiver must be capable of resolving these unambiguous references, i.e. of translating them into specific data that will allow it to obtain the location of that content in order to acquire it. This makes it possible for recording processes to take place without knowing that information, and even without knowing beforehand the duration of the content to be recorded: a complete series by a simple click, a program that has not been scheduled yet, a set of programs grouped by a specific criterion…

This framework allows for the separation between the reference to a given content (the CRID) and the necessary information to acquire it, which is called a “locator”. Each CRID may lead to one or more locators which will represent different copies of the same content. They may be identical copies broadcast in different channels or dates, or cost different prices. They may also be distinct copies with different technical parameters such as format or quality.

It may also be the case that the resolution process of a CRID provides another CRID as a result (for example, its reference in a different network, where it has an alternative identifier assigned by a different operator) or a set of CRIDs (for instance, if the original CRID represents a TV series, in which case the resolution process would result in the list of CRIDs representing each episode). From the above it can be concluded that provided that a given content can belong to many groups (each possibly defined by distinctive qualities), it is possible that many CRIDs carry the same content. That is, several CRIDs may be resolved into the same locator.

A CRID is not exactly a universal, unique and exclusive identifier for a given content. It is closely related to the authority that creates it, to the resolution service provider, and to the content provider in such a way that the same content may have different CRIDs depending on the field in which they are used (for example, a different one for each television operator that has the rights to broadcast the content).

Format
A CRID is specified much like URLs. In fact, a CRID is a so-called URI. Typically, the content creator, the broadcaster or a third party will use their DNS-names in a combination with a product-specific name to create globally unique CRIDs. That is, the syntax of a CRID is:

crid://authority/data

The authority field represents the entity that created the CRID and its format is that of a DNS name. The data field represents a string of characters that will unambiguously identify the content within the authority scope (it is a string of characters assigned by the authority itself).

As an example, let's assume that BBC wanted to make a CRID for (all the programs of) the Olympics in China. It may have looked something like this

crid://bbc.co.uk/olympics/2008/

This would be a group CRID, that is, a CRID representing a group of contents. Then, to refer to a specific event – such as the women's shot-put final – they could have used the following inside their metadata.

crid://bbc.co.uk/olympics/2008/final/shotput/women

Currently, four types of CRIDs are playing a major role in some unidirectional television networks: programme CRID, series CRID, group CRID, and recommendation CRID. One of the most important applications of CRIDs is the so-called series link recording function (SL) of modern digital video recorders (DVR, PVR).

In turn, a locator is a string of characters that contains all the necessary information for a receiver to find and acquire a given content, whether it is received through a transport stream, located in local storage, downloaded as a file from an Internet server, or through a streaming service. For example, a DVB locator will include all the necessary parameters to identify a specific content within a transport stream: network, transport stream, service, table and/or event identifiers.

The locators' format, as established in TV-Anytime, is quite generic and simple, and corresponds to:

[transport-mechanism]:[specific-data]

The first part of the locator’s format (the transport mechanism) must be a string of characters that is unique for each mechanism (transport stream, local file, HTTP Internet access…). The second part must be unambiguous only within the scope of a given transport mechanism and will be standardized by the organism in charge of the regulation of the mechanism itself. For instance, a DVB locator to identify a content within the transport stream of networks that follow this standard would be:

dvb://112.4a2.5ec;2d22~20121212T220000Z—PT01H30M

which would indicate a content (identified by the string “2d22”) that airs on a channel available on a DVB network identified by the address “112.4a2.5ec” (network “112”, transport stream “4a2” and service “5ec”), on 12 December 2012 at 10 p.m. and with a duration of 90 minutes.

The location resolution process
The location resolution process is the procedure by which, starting from the CRID of a given content, one or several locators of that content are obtained. Resolving a CRID can be a direct process, which leads immediately to one or many locators, or it may also happen that in the first place one or many intermediate CRIDs are returned, which must undergo the same procedure to finally obtain one or several locators.

This procedure involves some information elements, among which we find two structures named resolving authority record (RAR) and ContentReferencingTable, respectively. Consulting them repeatedly will take the receiver from a CRID to one or many locators that will allow it to acquire the content.

The RAR table

The RAR table is one or many data structures that provide the receiver, for each authority that submits CRIDs, information on the corresponding resolution service provider. Among other things, it informs about which mechanism is used to provide information to resolve the CRIDs from each authority. That is, one or many RAR records must exist for each authority that indicate the receiver where it has to go to resolve the CRIDs of that particular authority.

For example, in the record of the figure (expressed by means of a XML structure, according to the XML Schema defined in the TV-Anytime) there is an authority called “tve.es”, whose resolution service provider is the entity “rtve.es”, available on the URL "http://tva.rtve.es/locres/tve", which means there is resolution information in that URL.

These RAR records will have reached the receiver in an indefinite form, unimportant for the TV-Anytime specification, which will depend on the specific transport mechanism of the network to which the receiver is connected. Each family of standards that regulates distribution networks (DVB, ATSC, ISDB, IPTV...) will have previously defined such procedure, which will be used by devices certified according to those standards.

The ContentReferencingTable table

The second structure involved in the location resolution process is a proper resolution table which, given a content's CRID, returns one or several locators that enable the receiver to access an instance of that content, or one or many CRIDs that allow it to move forward in the resolution process.

The figure shows an example of this second structure, an XML document according to the specifications of the XML Schema defined in TV-Anytime. In it, several sections are included ( elements) that structure the information that describes each resolution case.

The first one declares how a CRID (crid://tv.com/Friends/all), which corresponds to a group content that encompasses several episodes (two) of the “Friends” series is resolved. The result of the resolution process provides two new CRIDs each of them corresponding to one of the two episodes.

The second  element resolves the CRID of the first episode of the first season. The result of the resolution process is two DVB locators. The “acquire” attribute with “any” value indicates that any of them are good (the second one is a repetition broadcast a week later).

The third  element gives information about the second episode. It indicates that it cannot be resolved yet (“status” attribute with the “cannot yet resolve” value), indicating a date on which the request for resolution information must be repeated.

The process

Once the user has selected a given content (identified by the corresponding CRID) to perform some action upon it, the receiver begins the location resolution process that shall lead to specific location information that allows access to a copy of the content.

This procedure depends mainly on the receiver’s connectivity. It is possible to make a basic distinction between unidirectional networks, where the receiver can only receive information through the broadcast channel, and bidirectional networks, where there is also a return channel through which the receiver can communicate with the outside (typically an Internet access).

For receivers connected only to a broadcast channel, it is clear that the resolution information must come directly from that channel, or be available somehow in an existing local storage system. After selecting a CRID, the first thing the receiver needs to do is check the information about where to find the resolution table. For this, it must find a RAR record associated with the authority of the selected CRID.

Once a RAR record corresponding to that authority is found, the receiver will know, by referring to the URL field, where to access (or, in this case, where to listen) to obtain the resolution information.

The information that will receive through that access point will consist of a message for each of the consulted CRIDs (for example, a  element in the ContentReferencingTable).

In web casting
To make the CRID even more globally available the IETF will publish a request for comments specifying the use of the CRID over the web. This will allow consumer devices to hook up to content provider servers, much like current browsers look up webservers, requesting content by CRID.

In May 2005, an Informational RFC, No 4078, was published as the start of this work.

The long-term goal is that CRIDs should be available for use by cell phones, PDAs, digital TV receivers and other consumer devices for fetching content, either from a broadcast stream or over IP networks.

title: Content reference identifier


text:
Paite people

The Paite people are an ethnic group in Northeast India, mainly living in Manipur and Mizoram. The Paites are recognized as a scheduled tribe in these two states. They are part of the Kuki-Zo people, but prefer to use the Zomi identity. "Guite" is a major clan of the Paite people.

Identification
According to anthropologist H. Kamkhenthang, the term "Paite" was initially used only in the Lushai areas (present-day Mizoram, and possibly the Churachandpur district of Manipur). In the Chin Hills region, according to him, they were known as Tedim Chins, and they included the Kamhau-Suktes. According to scholar N. K. Das, the Simte people listed in the Gazetteer of Manipur are the same as Paites. Ethnologue states that the Paite, Simte and Tedim Zomi dialects are almost identical. However, the Government of India recognises the Paites and Simtes as separate tribes in the list of Scheduled Tribes. In the 2001 census of India, the Paites numbered 64,100 and the Simtes numbered 10,225 (by language use).

In the British colonial records, Paites were often identified by the clan name of Guite (older spelling: "Nwite"), who provided the chiefs for the Paite people. Carey and Tuck state that the Guites used to be originally settled around Tedim, but migrated north to the southern border of Manipur and the northeast corner of Mizoram. The reason was evidently the onslaught of the Sukte chieftain Khan Thuam ("Kantum", the father of Kam Hau). Some of the Guites submitted to Khan Thuam and eventually got absorbed into the Suktes, while others migrated north to settle in the present-day Tonzang Township and the adjoining parts of Churachandpur and Chandel districts, which were at that time not part of the Manipur kingdom.

Manipur
In Manipur, the Paites number about 55,000 as of 2018, forming 1.94 percent of the state's population. They are concentrated in the Churachandpur district and dominate the Churachandpur Town (locally known as Lamka). The Paite language is considered the lingua franca of the town. The Paites are believed to be the most recent entrants into Manipur from Chin Hills, some stating that they moved after World War II.

In the Churachandpur area, Paites have local organisations such the Paite Tribe Council, Young Paite Association, Paite Literature Society and Siamsinpawlpi (SSPP, students' welfare body). They mostly follow the Christian faith, with the majority belonging to the Evangelical Baptist Convention Church.

Paites were part of the Kuki National Assembly (KNA) formed in 1946, but soon intra-tribal rivalries took over and the majority of the tribes moved out of KNA to form a rival Khulmi National Union (also called "Khul Union"). The essential point of tension was the apprehension that the Thadou Kukis, who are much more numerous than the other tribes in Manipur, would dominate the KNA. The Khulmi National Union contested the legislative assembly elections in 1948 and won seven seats. It participated in government formation, which was however short-lived due to Manipur's merger with Indian Union.

"Khulmi" was meant to be an alternative identity to rival the Kuki identity, but the Government of India gave recognition to the Kuki identity, by listing "Any Kuki tribe" in the list of Scheduled Tribes in 1951. Subsequently, many of the Old Kuki tribes in the Khul Union moved towards the Naga identity, and the seven larger tribes led by Paites stood alone. In 1995, these seven tribes chose the Zomi identity and formed the Zomi Re-unification Organisation (ZRO) at the instance of the Paites.

During 1997–1998, there was an ethnic clash between the Paites and Thadou-speaking Kuki tribes in the Churachandpur district, which saw 352 people dead and thousands displaced, but a peace agreement was reached in the end. On this occasion, an underground militant wing of ZRO, called the "Zomi Reunification Army" or "Zomi Revolution Army" (ZRA), was formed. According to security expert E. N. Rammohan, the Paites were not well-armed and took a beating in the clashes. ZRA fled across the border to Myanmar, where it formed an alliance with the Naga militant group NSCN-IM.

Paites also dominate the underground group United People's Front (UPF).

Mizoram
In Mizoram, the Paites numbered about 23,000 as of 2011. They are found living in more than 20 villages spread across 4 districts, namely Saitual district, Champhai district, Aizawl district and Khawzawl district.

The Paites living in the region "Sialkal Tangdung" are given a special administration in aid to develop and uplift the local areas called the Sialkal Range Development Council (SRDC). Mimbung, Teikhang, Hiangmun, Kawlbem, Selam and Vaikhawtang villages are included in it.

SRDC was first set up as the Sialkal Tlangdung Development Board by the Government of Mizoram in February 2012. It was changed to a Council in 2013.

title: Paite people


text: User talk:194.83.172.69

title: User talk:194.83.172.69


text:
Heed (band)

Heed was a Swedish heavy metal band founded in 2004 by ex-Lost Horizon members Daniel Heiman (vocals) and Fredrik Olsson (guitar). They were joined by drummer Mats Karlsson and bass player Jörgen Olsson, and began recording on their debut album The Call. It was released in Japan on October 21, 2005 and in Europe on 14 June 2006.

When The Call was completed, Jörgen and Mats left Heed because their musical visions and goals collided with those of the founding members. Fredrik and Daniel started looking for new members and soon found Tommy Larsson (bass) and Ufuk Demir (drums). They also added a second guitarist, Martin Andersson.

Band members

 * Daniel Heiman – vocals
 * Fredrik Olsson – guitars
 * Martin Andersson – guitars
 * Tommy Larsson – bass
 * Ufuk Demir – drums

Former members

 * Jörgen Olsson – bass
 * Mats Karlsson – drums

Discography

 * The Call (2006)

title: Heed (band)


text:
User talk:Jools11

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A file that you uploaded or altered, File:Jaz.JPG, has been listed at Files for deletion. Please see the to see why this is (you may have to search for the title of the image to find its entry), if you are interested in it not being deleted. Thank you. Cloudbound (talk) 22:59, 24 March 2012 (UTC)

title: User talk:Jools11


text:
Eccleshall F.C.

Eccleshall Football Club is a football club based in Eccleshall, Staffordshire, England. They are currently members of the and play at Pershall Park.

History
The club was established in 1971 with involvement from the staff at Eccleshall Secondary School and was originally named Eccleshall Old Boys. They joined the Mid-Staffordshire League, and in 1973–74 the club won the Division Three Cup and finished second in the division, earning promotion to Division Two. In 1974–75 the club won the Division Two Cup. In 1975 the club adopted its current name. They joined the Staffordshire County League in 1979 and were promoted to the Premier Division in 1980–81. In 1983–84 they won the Premier Division, the Premier Division Cup and the May Bank Cup. At the end of the season they became founder members of the Staffordshire Senior League.

Eccleshall were Staffordshire Senior League champions in 1989–90. In 1994 the league was renamed the Midland League, and in 1999–2000 the club were league runners-up. They went on to win back-to-back league titles in 2001–02 and 2002–03, after which they were promoted to Division Two of the North West Counties League. The club also won the Staffordshire FA Vase in 2002–03. Division Two was renamed Division One in 2008.

Ground
The club initially played at Eccleshall Secondary School, before buying a four-acre site at Pershall in 1981. The new ground opened in 1983 and was named Pershall Park. In the same year a small stand was erected, becoming known as 'the Shed'.

Honours

 * Midland League
 * Champions 1989–90 2001–02, 2002–03
 * Staffordshire County League
 * Premier Division champions 1983–84
 * Premier Division Cup winners 1983–84
 * May Bank Cup winners 1983–84
 * Mid-Staffordshire League
 * Division Two Cup winners 1975–76
 * Division Three Cup winners 1973–74
 * Staffordshire FA Vase
 * Winners 2002–03

Records

 * Best FA Cup performance: First qualifying round, 2010–11
 * Best FA Vase performance: Second round, 1991–92
 * Record attendance: 2,011 vs FC United, 5 November 2005 (at Marston Road in Stafford)
 * At Pershall Park: 475 vs Stoke City, Staffordshire Senior Cup, 16 October 2019

title: Eccleshall F.C.


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/The 139 club

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete.

Note: The opinions of many anon and sockpuppet votes were steeply discounted during my decision. However, the facts presented by the new users were considered.

Rossami (talk) 02:23, 3 September 2005 (UTC)

The 139 club
Not sufficiently notable This is just one student club at Glasgow University, there are a few dozen such clubs at GU alone. Some of the more important student bodies e.g. Glasgow University Union are encyclopedic this is not. I suspect an attempt at POV-pushing in relation to the historic mixing isse, this is reasonably dealt with in the GUU article, anything legitimate should be added there. PatGallacher 10:10, 2005 August 26 (UTC)
 * Merge to Glasgow University Union Roodog2k 13:46, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge as per Roodog2k, leave a redirect. Proto t c 14:05, 26 August 2005 (UTC)

 * This is legitimate and official. Ask the GUU Board of Management for authorisation
 * This last comment is from an anon user. PatGallacher 14:46, 2005 August 26 (UTC)

The 139 Club has no official links with the GUU and is completely independent. I think the GUU management would prefer this page to be seperate as not to confuse the issue. It would be best to contact their president. Thank you Robert Marrs

 * That is excellent information to add to the atrticle assuming it is merged!Roodog2k 16:38, 26 August 2005 (UTC)

 * DO NOT MERGE This club is an entirely separate entity from the GUU and as other 'affiliates' such as the GU Dialectic Society have their own section so to should the 139.
 * I would regard Glasgow University Dialectic Society as borderline notable, but looking at its article it does go back to about 1861, may go back further, it has played a significant role since then, so I'll let it pass. Wikipedia is not paper, but that does not mean every student club at every university should have an entry. PatGallacher 19:33, 2005 August 26 (UTC)
 * Delete. A small club founded in 2002? Not-notable. Sdedeo 19:02, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge per Roodog2k. I'll change my vote to Delete since a redirect would imply a relationship that, per above, does not exist. Dottore So 19:21, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, nn, as the anon keeps insisting, a redirect to Glasgow University Union would not be appropriate. Zoe 20:53, August 26, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Not notable. Vanity. POV.  62.252.128.18 23:55, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * I do apologise if this is causing consternation. I was under the impression that the whole point of a "live" environment like Wikipedia's was that so quirks like this might have a place.

 * Delete Not notable. ucsb1984 00:50, 28 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Non-notable. *drew 00:42, 28 August 2005 (UTC)

1) The Dialectic has history from before 1861. The earliest paper records show somewhere before 1770.. although it could be older still, and no doubt is (i.e. it is unlikely that the first ever record would be kept etc).

2) On the Dialectic page, it should be 'Reftable Debate' not 'Refutable'.

3) I think student societies should be separate from unions they may or may not be affiliated to. They are, after all, separate organisations.

4) If someone created a page for the Hawks Club (i.e. the sporting blues assoc. at Cambridge) there wouldn't be such an outcry. I am surprised there isn't a page for this historical society.

5) I would also point to the TCD Phil and TCD Hist societies - why do these have separate pages, when they ostensibly do the same thing - why not merge the pages? I don't think mere 'age' is a good enough reason to keep some things, and remove others - it is somewhat arbitrary.

6) The 139 plays a very distinct role, one clearly different from the student union it might happen to use for it's dinners.

R Marrs

R Marrs is running several issues together, some of his comments about other pages should be dealt with on their own merits, not dealt with here. There is not yet a page for the Hawks Club, I reserve judgement on whether to treat it as notable. I can't find the pages for the "TCD Phil" and "TCD Hist" societies, could he point us to them? The crucial point he is missing here is that if the 139 Club is notable, then every student club at every university in the world is notable. PatGallacher 23:26, 2005 August 28 (UTC)

 * Keep Why shouldn't every student club at every university in the world have a place? My understanding of Wikipedia was that these quirks and idiosyncracies made it unique. ("Trinity College Dublin" contains the links to TCD Phil & Hist)P.S. I am currently President of the Glasgow University Union and no sock puppet! --Niallrowantree 17:45, 29 August 2005 (UTC)
 * This last comment is by an anon user, I suspect some sockpuppetry. I have had a look at the Trinity College, Dublin article, it says "Trinity College has a vibrant student life with 96 societies and 50 sports clubs", are we really going to have a Wikipedia article for all 144 clubs, and the same for all other universities?  TCD Phil and TCD Hist are the only 2 student clubs at TCD who appear to have an article, they and GU Dialectic have a lengthy history and organise some sort of significant intellectual activity, not just a booze-up once a term, several student clubs at GU do more than that. PatGallacher 17:16, 2005 August 29 (UTC)

Hawks Club - from my understanding it is a club for all the Blues at Cambridge. This would include some sporting stars such as Rob Andrew, Gavin Hastings and some not so sporting stars such as Hugh Laurie. I presume this would be dealt with separately from say the Cambridge University Sports Association, although they are obviously linked together.

The crucial point PatGallacher is missing is that there is no reason as to why every student club at every university isn't notable. Will The 139 be allowed on here if one of their alumni becomes a Captain of Industry or a politician etc? I would argue such arbitrary distinctions are nonsense. If people are arguing for it's inclusion, surely that alone nearly makes it worthy of inclusion?

Would it not make Wikipedia a more vibrant encyclopedia to include quirks such as The 139? I don't think we have heard good enough arguments from PatGallacher - and surely, it is for the 'deleters' to prove their case.

Moreover, the real fact of the matter is that not all societies will fill up the pages of Wikipedia. For example, Eton College has it's own entry but is really only an educational establishment which happens to have had a few old boys go on to do a few things. Would you object to this because every school in the world might want an entry? No clearly not, because clearly not every school in the world wants a page on Wikipedia.

Sock Puppetry? I'm not exactly sure what that is being relatively new to the Wikipedia phenomenon. Niall Rowantree is the current president of the Union, and I think was the person behind the original 139 entry. I would get in contact with him, his details are readily available on the GUU website.

I think this comes down to simple snobbishness. 'GU Dialectic has a lengthy history and organise some sort of intellectual activity, not just a booze up once a term, several student clubs at GU do more than that'.

If The 139 held debates, political rallies or brainstorming sessions would a page be approved? If PatGallacher had any contact with either the Dialectic, or the Phil and the Hist, he/she would know that rather a lot of their activities are based around 'booze ups'. The fact that something is new should not preclude it from entry, and the fact that something is not 'intellectual', and I don't know where that allegation comes from whether it is true or not, should preclude entry either.

Robert Marrs

Robert Marrs (acting as an anon user) deleted the whole of the previous discussion to enter this, I had to retrieve the previous version and add his comments. This smacks of vandalism, but it may just have been a mistake by an newbie. PatGallacher 18:39, 2005 August 29 (UTC)

Hi all, sorry didn't mean to delete the entire thread of the debate - I was just trying to clear the screen so I could type. I didn't think it would actually delete the whole thing from wikipedia. I hope my incompetence doesn't count against me! Robert Marrs

 * Keep --RobertMarrs 21:19, 29 August 2005 (UTC)

Furthermore, I notice the Glasgow University Shinty Club has it's own page. Neither particularly historic, promotes drinking far more heavily than The 139 (which bizarrely seems to be a criteria) and probably not particularly noteworthy under most people's definitions. I'd keep it, but I think we have a precedent for University Clubs at Glasgow getting their own page.--86.130.145.220 21:39, 29 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete Robert Marrs's points are not persuasive.  He gives reasons why a "Hawks Club" entry would be suitable: the prominence of members, the international name recognition it has.  "The 139 Club" has neither of these attributes.

Equally his argumentation regarding "Eton" is self-defeating. Arguments against the inclusion of other schools would clearly be if they were "not sufficiently notable"; the very same charge being leveled against "the 139 Club" entry.

His points regarding "booze-ups" and linking "Glasgow University Dialectic Society", "TCD Phil" and "TCD Hist" are unconvincing. While drinking may occur in those other institutions that is not their primary activity nor constitutional function. Their role is a public one, which "the 139 Club"'s is not: to debate.

Despite Mr Marrs's comments: newness should preclude entry, unless the institutional is unusually notable.

There is no "right" to be included in "Wikipedia". Instead there are criteria which make inclusion worthwhile to a global community. A primary one being "sufficiently notable". Brown27 11:34, 20 August 2005 (UTC)

1) I've had rather a lot of experience of TCD Phil, TCD Hist and the Dialectic, I wonder very much whether you have? If not, your opinion is somewhat valueless. You are assuming things that might not actually be true. 2) I would say a decent definition of encyclopedia means 'A comprehensive reference work containing articles on a wide range of subjects or on numerous aspects of a particular field, usually arranged alphabetically, usually dealing with the entire field of human knowledge'. Surely including The 139 would make Wikipedia more 'comprehensive' and such articles would meet the criteria of a 'wide range of subjects'. Limiting things on somewhat arbitray bases such as 'newness', 'fame' and the 'activity they do' is somewhat snobbish and prescriptivist. Why is boozing any less valuable than some students debating, if this is what The 139 actually do? Why is the relatively new (and non-historic, non-famous) GU Shinty club allowed a page? 3) The 139 isn't even particularly new, as it is based around a historical event - highlighting how important that event is to some people. However, as they are independent of the GUU they should not be lumped together here. --RobertMarrs 12:55, 30 August 2005 (UTC)

Wikipedia is not an indiscriminate collection of information it says somewhere. I would regard Glasgow University Shinty Club as only borderline notable, but it has been in existence since 1901, represents the university at a recognised sport, and has had some significant successes over the years. Merely commemorating a notable event does not make you notable, I suspect POV pushing. We already have the "average professor test" i.e. to be notable you have to have done more than the average professor, I suggest we add the "average student club test". PatGallacher 16:44, 2005 August 30 (UTC)

But if this test was to be brought in, you would have to delete GU Shinty as they aren't terribly notable - 103 years old, a few successes, hardly Kingussie Shinty Club. Surely POV pushing is what this is all about - you think it should be out, I think it should be in. POV pushing by using the page itself is nonsensical, there is no point of view pushing on the page it merely relates facts. Unless, you think that the club itself has an agenda - which would make nearly every club in the world not worthy of inclusion.--RobertMarrs 17:56, 30 August 2005 (UTC)

On another point who actually makes the decision here?--RobertMarrs 17:56, 30 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete - not notable. GlasgowUni 22:24, 2005 August 30 (UTC)

 * SAVE This is very much a note worthy club because of its relationship to the critical shift in membership status for women at the last all male student club. If this event and the club it created is not note worthy what is? --ViaVeritasVita 11:05, 31 August 2005 (UTC)

I think the interest that this has ignited is reason enough for keeping it!--Niallrowantree 11:31, 31 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete- not notable The 139 club is certainly not worthy of note. It is only a few years old and amounts to drunken boyish tomfoolery. The original 139 (who voted not to accept women in 1981) have never been at or even associated with this club- if you can call it that. Infact they would be disgusted at the behaviour of some of the members at this dinner. All this amounts to is vanity. 62.49.29.190

Um, do we accept votes from people with no name? Because surely that is more likely to involve sock-puppetry? On the last post, it seems to me we have a classic example of POV pushing. 1) No name 2) Allegations that, let's face it, cannot be upheld. Debate the issue on it's merits (which on the whole have been widely sidestepped) not on whether you like the club or not. --RobertMarrs 07:56, 1 September 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete The 139 may be there, ostensibly, to commemorate a past event but the fact that the club is only a few years old speaks even more against it. That there was no previous club, from what I can tell, or even if there was the fact that it was discontinued (if it did exist at all a continuous existence since the vote has not been mentioned on this site), implies that this event, whilst of note in the history of the Glasgow University Union, seems not important enough even for a "society" to be formed in its honour, let alone to have a seperate entry dedicated to it (in the form of this nascent club). If those around at the time did not feel strongly enough about it then those, twenty years later, cannot claim to be maintaining any sort of grand tradition of note. It's a bit sad really

Furthermore, I can vouch for brown27's remarks as to these debating societies. Mr Marrs' argument, such that it is, that "I have considerable experience- do you!" is not only pathetically childish it is also exposes the duplicitous nature of his whole approach here. Perhaps to Mr. Marrs debating at Glasgow University is only about gettign drunk, but to the vast majority there is a higher purpose, as exhibited in the Constitution and in the long, long, honourable traditon and history of the Society. The fact he refuses to admit this- despite his great experience- is quite scandalous and undermines his case. The argument, at any rate, was not about whether there is drinking but if that was the primary purpose. It evidently is not in the case of the Dialectic Society but is in the case of the 139 Club.

The reasons to delete it are so numerous. The reason to keep it seems to be based on the merits of non-existent entries. Perhaps that tells us something. The 139 cannot claim anything to the public good, the public interest, the public knowledge- it is the definition of without note.

--Brian Roberts 12:00, 2 September 2005 (UTC)

Um, ok good some actual arguments. Thanks Brian. Firstly, my points regarding my experience with the societies (GUD, TCD Hist and TCD Phil)were that I had direct first hand experience of those societies, I doubt very much whether 'Anon' does. If they don't have experience of these societies, how on earth can they claim to know what they do or how they operate? They cannot - surely? Moreover, my point for the Hist and the Phil was that there was a precedent for two linked societies having separate pages (i.e. they do the same thing at the same university), and I also pointed out the precedent of The GU Shinty club - which would also meet your criteria of being without note. I think my knowledge of the society in question is shown above, where I've tried to correct factual errors on the GUD page... On drinking - ah reductio ad absurdum, the old classic. My point about GUD drinking stands. 45 people speak in a GUU parliamentary, double that number (at least) go to the after debate drinks. Moreover, for many of GUD's members are there primarily for social reasons - only between 8 and 10 debate competitively outwith the GUU. So for many members, as these examples show the main point is the socialising. Nothing wrong at all with being a social member, I am happy to say while I was at university I enjoyed both the debating side and the social side.

On your point regarding the original 139. Many refused ever to set foot in the building after the mixing issue, so it would be a bit difficult to keep things going. Moreover, there are other societies that keep such traditions at Glasgow alive but aren't quite as public as the 139. I point to 'The Lion and Unicorn Club' amongst others, so the spirit has indeed lived on.

I think the encyclopedia definition that I gave is a more compelling argument than your definition of 'without note', but at least you have been good enough to give one.

TTFN--RobertMarrs 13:12, 2 September 2005 (UTC)

Further to Rob's post. There are numerous all-male societies around campus for undergraduates and graduates, and many of the original 139 attend these dinners. The Diners Club (I think now defunct) operated for a good few years; The Winers Club (still in operation); the LAMB Club (still in operation, standing for Last All Male Board); The Lion & Unicorn (still in operation although numbers are drastically down); The Jolly Rodgerers (now defunct, ran by a board member throughout the 1980's and 1990's); The 139 Club (as discussed above, relatively new although admittedly thriving); The 21 Club (rather unsavoury even by University drinking standards, I think now defunct)the Monkey Steakers (I think disbanded, but ran for many a year).

Also, of some importance, is the Girlie Dinner. This dinner is run by girls in and around the GUU, and has been running for over 10 years. However, it does seem to have taken a nosedive in recent years and does not have the 'fervour' of The 139.

A number of those clubs appear to be defunct. However, of course if students are offered a chance to get drunk for very little money people are going to come. The other clubs mentioned are old boy clubs- which are different entities. But none of this undermines my point- the purpose of these "societies" appears to be to drink. However many people who ATTEND debates go for drink, that is not the point of debating. And if it is then that is truly sad. I will also add that the number of people who can go outside the university to debate competitively is rather limited due to places available and funding. I would 10 was a very high number indeed.

Secondly, as to other pages like the Shinty club. No-one has claimed that this society is the definition of a club of note. We are not discussing the nerits of the Shinty club entry, rather the merits of this entry. The fact there are other illegitimate entries uncontested does not mean this illegitimate entry should be allowed.

--217.43.198.2 19:18, 2 September 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Raichberg Transmitter

Raichberg transmitter is a broadcast facility for various FM radio and television programs operated by the Südwestrundfunk (SWR, "Southwest Broadcasting") on the Raichberg mountain (elevation 956 m) in Albstadt, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It uses a 137 meter (449 ft) guyed steel tube mast as the antenna tower. There is also a free-standing lattice tower for microwave radio.

History
The Raichberg station started broadcast service on December 23, 1950 as an FM radio transmitter operating the Südwestfunks program SWF 1. The first transmitting antenna was installed at this time on the observation tower “Raichbergturm”, which is close to the current station. Since December 1954, a 57 m high steel tube mast was used as an antenna support. As this tower could not carry TV broadcasting antennas, a new steel tube mast went into operation starting in 1971. Between September and November 2007, the originally 147 m high mast was converted to the upcoming digital DVB-T. The old analog VHF antenna was dismantled and a new 62 m high UHF antenna segment for DVB-T was mounted on top, thereby shrinking the transmission tower from 147 to 137 m.

title: Raichberg Transmitter


text:
When Trumpets Fade

When Trumpets Fade is a 1998 HBO television movie directed by John Irvin and starring Ron Eldard, Frank Whaley, Zak Orth, and Dylan Bruno. First released on June 27, 1998, the film is set in World War II during the Battle of the Hürtgen Forest.

Plot
Private David Manning is in the 28th Infantry Division, and during the Battle of the Hürtgen Forest, he becomes the sole survivor of his platoon. Manning is assigned to lead a squad of green reinforcements and promoted to sergeant. He tries to get out of it, saying he is unqualified for the position, but his company commander, Captain Roy Pritchett, disagrees. Manning then tries to back out of responsibility by asking to be discharged under Section 8 (designating him mentally unfit due to combat stress), to no avail.

Manning meets with his new men and later leads them into position on the line. The next morning, while on patrol, Manning puts Private Warren Sanderson on point. However, Sanderson goes forward too quickly and gets separated from the squad, before narrowly avoiding contact with the enemy. Manning eventually decides the squad must leave without Sanderson right before the latter returns. After this incident, Manning is scorned by his peers and berated by his platoon leader, First Lieutenant Terrence Lukas. Manning's company makes a push toward the town of Schmidt in order to take and hold a key bridge. However, they move into an enemy minefield and are attacked by enemy fire. The company retreats, and Pritchett comes to Manning with a volunteer mission to destroy the enemy's guns, before promising to offer Manning a Section 8 if he volunteers for and succeeds on the mission.

During the mission, one of Manning's men, Private Sam Baxter, panics and starts to flee. The other men follow suit. To stop them, Manning shoots Baxter, hitting the flamethrower he is carrying on his back, which causes it to explode and burn him to death. Horrified by this, the rest of Manning's men stop fleeing and assault the position where the guns are located. Led by Sanderson, the group succeeds in destroying the guns. Manning's company secures the bridge after suffering heavy casualties, but is soon attacked by German tanks and forced to retreat. During the retreat back to the American lines, Lonnie is killed and Despin is captured. Manning and Sanderson escape. Pritchett, who has also survived the ordeal, cracks under pressure and is ordered off the lines before he can uphold his promise to Manning.

When the battalion commander, Lieutenant Colonel George Rickman, asks him about the status of his platoon, a traumatized Lukas snaps and assaults him. Manning confronts Rickman as Lukas is led away, picks up the mass of blood-soaked dog tags Lukas dropped, and presses them against Rickman's chest as his answer to the platoon's status. Because of Manning's insubordination, Rickman orders him to the command post. He subsequently promotes Manning to second lieutenant and gives him command of the platoon.

Talbot and Corporal Toby Chamberlain confront Manning for shooting Baxter. In the ensuing altercation, Manning reveals a plan to destroy the German tanks the night before the assault. Chamberlain states they have no proof that Manning will not just shoot them as he did Baxter. Sanderson, who survived the retreat, defends Manning's conduct. Manning informs them that the battalion is making another push in the morning, and that if they do not destroy the tanks, then the entire battalion will be in jeopardy.

Manning leads Talbot, Chamberlain, and Sanderson in a pre-dawn raid on the German tanks, without the battalion's knowledge or support. Manning clears a minefield and cuts a barbed wire obstacle, enabling the group to continue on, before they destroy the tanks with a bazooka. The operation costs the lives of all but Manning and Sanderson, and Manning is severely wounded. While being carried back to friendly lines by Sanderson, Manning loses consciousness from his wounds. An epilogue states that after three months of heavy combat, the Battle of the Hürtgen Forest claimed more than 24,000 dead and wounded and most historians today agree that there was little to no strategic justification for so great a sacrifice because German reinforcements pushed the Americans back and the offensive was a failure and the battle was a German defensive victory. The battle itself was overshadowed by the Battle of the Bulge soon afterward.

Cast

 * Ron Eldard as Private, Sergeant, and then Second Lieutenant David Manning, who progresses from greenie, to squad leader, to platoon leader in C Company
 * Zak Orth as Private Warren "Sandy" Sanderson, a replacement in Manning's squad
 * Frank Whaley as Corporal Toby Chamberlain, a medic attached to C Company
 * Dylan Bruno as Sergeant Patrick Talbot, a squad leader in Lukas' platoon
 * Devon Gummersall as Private Andrew Lonnie, a replacement in Manning's squad
 * Dan Futterman as Private Doug Despin, a replacement in Manning's squad
 * Steven Petrarca as Private Sam Baxter, a replacement in Manning's squad
 * Dwight Yoakam as Lieutenant Colonel George Rickman, the battalion commander of First Battalion
 * Martin Donovan as Captain Roy Pritchett, the company commander of C Company, First Battalion
 * Timothy Olyphant as 1st Lieutenant Terrence Lukas, the leader of Manning and Talbot's platoon
 * Jeffrey Donovan as Private Robert "Bobby" Miller, a fellow soldier of Manning's
 * Bobby Cannavale as Captain Thomas Zenek, the new commander of C Company
 * as Oberfeldwebel, a German Army patrol leader

Production
When Trumpets Fade was filmed on location in Budapest, Lake Balaton, Hungary, and in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. US troops supporting Operation Joint Guard, stationed in Taszar, Hungary, were used as extras on the set.

Awards
John Irvin won the Silver FIPA Award for Best Director for the film at the Biarritz International Festival in 1999.

The film was also nominated for best cinematography (by Thomas Burstyn) by the American Society of Cinematographers and best sound editing by the Motion Picture Sound Editors, and Ron Eldard was nominated for best actor at the Seattle International Film Festival.

title: When Trumpets Fade


text:
Hello and Welcome

"Hello and Welcome" (titled "Hello + Welcome") is a song created by the musical project Enigma, released on 10 March 2006 (see 2006 in music).

Overview
The vocals in the song are sung by Andru Donalds, who also lent his voice in the fourth and fifth Enigma albums. On its release, listeners thought that, like previous standalone single "Turn Around", the song might not be part of any released album: however, it was later released in September 2006, with a new mix, on A posteriori. The song will also be the walk-in music for the German boxer, Felix Sturm.

According to information provided by Crocodile Music Management, the single was originally scheduled to be released first in October 2005 but the date was moved to 25 November 2005, a day before Sturm's fight with Maselino Masoe for the WBA Championship title. But due to an injury that Sturm picked up just weeks before the fight, the single's release date was pushed further back until 10 March 2006, just a day before Sturm's rescheduled match.

On 7 November 2005, the video to the song was first released for public viewing by Virgin Germany through the German edition of LAUNCHcast. The video features Sturm in training and previous battles with his opponents in the ring. However two days later, Virgin Germany announced that the single will be postponed to a later date and all information about the single, including the music video, were taken off from their websites.

On the release day of the single, the official Enigma website was updated and finally the video was made available streaming through Windows Media Player and RealPlayer.

Track listing

 * 1) "Hello and Welcome" (Radio Edit) – 3:29
 * 2) "Hello and Welcome" (Thunderstorm Mix) – 6:09
 * 3) "Hello and Welcome" (After the Storm Mix) – 6:28
 * 4) "Hello and Welcome" (Video) – 3:20

Charts
The single reached #87 in German charts.

title: Hello and Welcome