text:
Talk:Usb8x

While I agree Usb8x is a very noteworthy project, I'm not sure it warrants an article on Wikipedia -- at least not as it is now. If someone else would feel it's worth having an article (go read those links), I can make it bigger and better. --Andy Janata 23:03, 19 August 2005 (UTC)
 * I don't really care whether it is deleted or not. I just started it to bring the idea of a possible article to other peoples attention.--Lewk_of_Serthic 04:09, August 22, 2005 (UTC)
 * Well, since the vote was to keep, I'll look into making the article better. It shouldn't just be about the software, but about what you can do with the USB port. --Andy Janata 21:19, 27 August 2005 (UTC)

VfD
This page has previously been listed on Votes for deletion. The result of the debate was no consensus. See Votes for deletion/Usb8x for more information. JYolkowski // talk 16:52, 27 August 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Usb8x


license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User:200.120.180.80


text: User talk:64.56.235.177

title: User talk:64.56.235.177


text:
Talk:U.S. Route 60

Business Routes
I'm in favor of adding the business routes. Someone else created a list of the Missouri ones, but it would be nice to have them in some sort of order. I put them in order of east to west and added a couple. I also created unique links for individual ones (see List of bannered U.S. Highways, it was done there and some of these have articles written). I changed the text, too. It read that some of these run through several towns and several miles in the country. It is very similar (or copied, not that I mind) from the section on business routes I wrote for U.S. Highway 71. The problem is, of the ones listed, none in Missouri really do this. Only for the business route through Aurora. While a mile or two in the rural area is normal, it's pretty much normal. My intent for US 71 is that those business routes (with the exception of Neosho's) run for numerous miles. Business 71 in Joplin runs through 5+ cities (as does Northwest Arkansas) and the totals for these two, each, is a whopping 30+ miles. In Missouri anyway, none of the Business 60's do this. --Rt66lt, August 19, 2005

eastern terminus
The article incorrectly states the eastern terminus location. It is currently at the intersection of US Route 60 General Booth Boulevard at Harbour Point/Rudee Point Road. 174.78.224.50 (talk) 13:01, 9 November 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:U.S. Route 60


text:
William Benson Storey

William Benson Storey, Jr. (November 17, 1857 – October 24, 1940) was the fifteenth president of the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway.

Storey was born November 17, 1857, in San Francisco, California, the son of William Bainbridge Storey, an express, stagecoach and newspaper agent, and Ellen Dean (Benson) Storey. His family moved around following his father's career until 1866 when they settled in Colfax.

in 1876, Storey started his railroad career with the Southern Pacific Railroad as a stake driver on the line between Oakland and Berkeley. He used his earnings from that summer and the following year to finance his college education, and he graduated from the University of California in 1881 with a mechanical engineering degree. He hired out with the Central Pacific Railroad and soon found himself working throughout Idaho, Utah and South Dakota as well as the California coast.

Storey's association with the Santa Fe began when he was hired by the San Francisco and San Joaquin Valley Railway (a Santa Fe subsidiary formed to make the railroad's connection to San Francisco) as chief engineer. He transferred to the Santa Fe in 1903 as chief engineer and worked his way up to the vice presidency of the Santa Fe in 1909. In 1917 he was appointed as the federal manager, and three years later, on January 1, 1920, he succeeded Edward Payson Ripley as president of the Santa Fe. He served as president until his retirement from the position on May 2, 1933. Storey remained on the board of directors until his death in 1940, a year after his successor's own death.

title: William Benson Storey


text: User talk:71.97.8.101

title: User talk:71.97.8.101


text:
User talk:Markusdragon

Yo, Adrian!
Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! Karmafist 23:05, 19 August 2005 (UTC)
 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
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Please support complement EU !!!
Hi,as a EU supporter maybe you´d like to support this: I´m trying to implement the 'EU' in the city-templates of European city articles. The EU should be mentioned next to the country; like country : Spain / EU  Please support the enhancement in these templates and argue for the innovation if you want to. Would be great.
 * Template:Infobox City Poland
 * Template:Infobox Town GR
 * Template:Infobox Municipality pt
 * Template talk:Major French Cities
 * Template:Infobox City Spain
 * Template:Infobox Town DE
 * Template:Infobox CityIT
 * Template:Infobox London

all the best Lear 21 22:43, 24 October 2006 (UTC)

Image tagging for Image:JP2robocod-cover.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:JP2robocod-cover.jpg. The image has been identified as not specifying the source and creator of the image, which is required by Wikipedia's policy on images. If you don't indicate the source and creator of the image on the image's description page, it may be deleted some time in the next seven days. If you have uploaded other images, please verify that you have provided source information for them as well.

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This is an automated notice by OrphanBot. For assistance on the image use policy, see Media copyright questions. 10:21, 11 November 2006 (UTC)

Image:Arms-bradford-city.jpg
Hello, Markusdragon. An automated process has found and removed an image or media file tagged as nonfree media, and thus is being used under fair use that was in your userspace. The image (Image:Arms-bradford-city.jpg) was found at the following location: User:Markusdragon. This image or media was attempted to be removed per criterion number 9 of our non-free content policy. The image or media was replaced with Image:NonFreeImageRemoved.svg, so your formatting of your userpage should be fine. Please find a free image or    media to replace it with, and or remove the image from your userspace. User:Gnome (Bot)-talk 04:24, 15 May 2007 (UTC)

Image:Arms-leek.jpg
Hello, Markusdragon. An automated process has found and removed an image or media file tagged as nonfree media, and thus is being used under fair use that was in your userspace. The image (Image:Arms-leek.jpg) was found at the following location: User:Markusdragon. This image or media was attempted to be removed per criterion number 9 of our non-free content policy. The image or media was replaced with Image:NonFreeImageRemoved.svg, so your formatting of your userpage should be fine. Please find a free image or    media to replace it with, and or remove the image from your userspace. User:Gnome (Bot)-talk 04:25, 15 May 2007 (UTC)

User category proposed deletion
You may be interested in Categories for discussion/Log/2021 August 21. It is proposed to delete this category. SpinningSpark 16:31, 30 August 2021 (UTC)

title: User talk:Markusdragon


text:
User talk:Lanore

Welcome
Hello and welcome to wikipedia!

I shall append a magic welcome-to-wikipedia-here-are-useful-links message, but I just wanted to let you know that you don't need to use an article name when making links, which is why I have altered your addition to List of Christmas carols. Have a look at it to see what I mean. Telsa 23:06, 19 August 2005 (UTC)

Welcome!

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, please be sure to sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~~~) to produce your name and the current date, or three tildes (~~~) for just your name. If you have any questions, you can post to the help desk or ask me on my talk page. Again, welcome!
 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
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 * Tutorial
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Telsa 23:06, 19 August 2005 (UTC) (although note that I am fairly new myself and am unlikely to know all the answers, alas...)

title: User talk:Lanore


text:
Talk:Operation Agreement

SAS
SAS currently links to a dab page; I would guess that it should go to Special Air Service of New Zealand. Can someone who knows about this fix the link? --Pagrashtak 23:07, 19 August 2005 (UTC)

Casualties
Were the Axis losses really that low? Jmosman 13:55, 10 October 2006 (UTC)

 * I'm rollingback, I'd like some sources cited before any figures are changed. Oberiko 23:46, 10 October 2006 (UTC)

Count
The text says "seven motor torpedo boats" were lost, but the info box says "4 MTBs" and "2 MLs" which only make six.

Which is correct?

RASAM (talk) 18:29, 21 September 2011 (UTC)

Ju88
Have you a source for that? Regards Keith-264 (talk) 16:37, 4 September 2019 (UTC)

 * ✅ Done. A typical case of "I have read it somewhere..." Best regards.Darius (talk) 23:36, 4 September 2019 (UTC)

Strength ?
30 Germans / 30 German Guns - eh ? 30 Germans served 30 guns, or what ? Nobody noticed that, besides, also casualty number for Germans seems not that credible. --213.172.123.242 (talk) 22:15, 29 May 2021 (UTC)

Information lacking ?
How far was Tobruk port behind Axis lines, or what time exactly landing attempts were made. "Night of 13./14. September" is a bit foggy information. --213.172.123.242 (talk) 22:17, 29 May 2021 (UTC)

Fns
Homogenised them as sfns and tidied up editions of volumes. Regards Keith-264 (talk) 08:38, 1 May 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Operation Agreement


text:
User:POds

Rugby_League
The Rugby league WikiProject /Mediterranean Cup

Why help edit the rugby league pages? Several good reasons.
 * Vandalism
 * Border line vandalism by 'anti rugby league' fans
 * Attempted purge of rugby league by 'anti rugby league' fans

title: User:POds


text:
User talk:FlamesRule

Hello and welcome to Wikipedia! Hope you like it here, and stick around.

Here are some tips to help you get started:

 * To sign your posts (on talk pages, for example) use the '~' symbol. To insert just your name, type ~~~ (3 tildes), or, to insert your name and timestamp, use ~~~~ (4 tildes).
 * Try the Tutorial, and feel free to experiment in the test area.
 * If you need help, post a question at the Help Desk
 * Follow the Simplified Ruleset
 * Eventually, you might want to read the Manual of Style and Policies and Guidelines.
 * Remember Neutral point of view
 * Explore, be bold in editing pages, and, most importantly, have fun!

Good luck!

Meelar (talk) 23:07, August 19, 2005 (UTC)

Image copyright problem RE: Image:Leopold.PNG
Thanks for uploading Image:Leopold.PNG. The Wikimedia Foundation is very careful about the images included in Wikipedia because of copyright law. We need you to specify two things on the image description page:
 * The copyright holder, and
 * The copyright status

The copyright holder is usually the creator. If the creator was paid to make this image, then their employer may be the copyright holder. If several people collaborated, then there may be more than one copyright holder. If you created this image, then you are the copyright holder.

Because of the large number of images on Wikipedia, we've sorted them using image copyright tags. Just find the right tag corresponding to the copyright status of this image, and paste it onto the image description page like this:.

There are 3 basic ways to licence an image on Wikipedia:
 * An open content licence
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 * The copyright holder gets the best protection of their work by licencing it under an open content license such as the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike licence. If you have the express permission of the copyright holder to licence their work under the above licence, use the image copyright tag: cc-by-sa-2.5. The GNU Free Documentation License is another option. Again, if you have the express permission of the copyright holder, use the tag GFDL.

 * The copyright holder can also release their work into the public domain. See here for examples.

 * Images from certain sources are automatically released into the public domain. This is true for the United States, where the Wikimedia servers are located. (See here for images from the government of the USA and here for other governments.)  However, not all governments release their work into the public domain. One exception is the UK (see here for images from the UK government). Non-free licence governments are listed here.

 * Also, in some cases, an image is copyrighted but allowed on Wikipedia because of fair use. To see a) if this image qualifies, and b) if so, how to tag it, see Fair use.

For more information, see Image copyright tags. Please remember that untagged images are likely to be deleted.

If you have uploaded other images without including copyright tags, please go back and tag them. Also, please tag all images that you upload in the future.

If you have any questions, just leave a message on my talk page. Thanks again. ~MDD4696 01:43, 12 January 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:FlamesRule


text:
Category:Acanthisittidae

Acanthisittidae is the family of New Zealand "wrens" in the order Passeriformes.

title: Category:Acanthisittidae


text:
User:TShilo12/RFC/Amalekite

Please stop messing with this page until you tell me what's going on. Thanks. Tom e rtalk 13:21, 7 June 2007 (UTC)

Just watching so far...

 * Showed up Aug. 10, 2005
 * Interesting choice of name...cf. Amalek.
 * Previously edited anonymously as "Igor", from:
 * Previously edited anonymously as "Igor", from:

 * Once blocked rather effectively by someone, returns using open proxies as Amalekite:

 * Probable (albethey unclaimed) open proxy edits either by Amalekite or his meatpuppets from Stormfront (some of these inclusions are highly speculative):
 * (Possibly banned Paul Vogel on dialup again)

 * Posts at Stormfront fora as user:Frank_Sinatra [ http://www.stormfront.org /forum/showthread.php?p=2101118#post2101118]. To see how prominently WP features in that thread, "Frank Sinatra's" first post, click [ http://www.stormfront.org /forum/showthread.php?t=225536&highlight=wikipedia here].
 * Offers a lesson in how to get around blocks in the Stormfront fora [ http://www.stormfront.org /forum/showthread.php?p=2106213#post2106213].
 * Hatches an interesting scheme for how to identify members of "the cabal", again, in the Stormfront fora [ http://www.stormfront.org /forum/showthread.php?p=2109540#post2109540]
 * Jumps at the chance to copy WP articles, presumably w/o attribution [ http://www.stormfront.org /forum/showthread.php?p=2105816#post2105816]

 * POV pushing at Eustace Mullins. Talk:Eustace Mullins.

 * Is none other than Alex Linder himself.

Val Kyrie
Contributions by Stormfront meatpuppet "Val Kyrie":
 * The edits by, reverted , and then reverted back to by , were made by a Stormfront user named "Val_Kyrie", and discussed in the Stormfront fora [ http://www.stormfront.org /forum/showthread.php?t=225536&page=2&highlight=wikipedia here].
 * The edits by, reverted , and then reverted back to by , were made by a Stormfront user named "Val_Kyrie", and discussed in the Stormfront fora [ http://www.stormfront.org /forum/showthread.php?t=225536&page=2&highlight=wikipedia here].

title: User:TShilo12/RFC/Amalekite


text:
Steve Skroce

Steve Skroce is a Canadian comic book and film storyboard artist. He is of Croatian descent.

Biography
Skroce broke into comics in 1993 on the Clive Barker series Ectokid for Marvel Comics' Razorline imprint. He went to work on the Marvel series Cable and X-Man before moving onto The Amazing Spider-Man in 1996. He briefly worked on Rob Liefeld's Youngblood comics, and returned to Marvel Comics to pencil Gambit.

Having worked with authors Lana and Lilly Wachowski on Ectokid, Skroce was contacted to create storyboards for The Matrix, which were used by the writing-producing-directing Wachowskis team to help pitch their movie to Warner Bros.

Skroce briefly returned to Marvel in 2000 to write and pencil four issues of Wolverine (#150-153) before drawing storyboards for the rest of the Matrix Trilogy. Skroce often works on movies with the Wachowskis, and has done storyboards for I, Robot (2004), V for Vendetta (2005), Speed Racer (2008), Ninja Assassin (2009), Cloud Atlas (2012), and Jupiter Ascending (2015).

In 2004, he co-created (along with comic book artist Geof Darrow) and draws Doc Frankenstein for Burlyman Entertainment, which is written by The Wachowskis.

With Brian K. Vaughan in 2015, Skroce was the co-creator and artist of the Image Comics science fiction series We Stand On Guard.

In 2017, Skroce wrote and drew Maestros, which is published by Image Comics.

title: Steve Skroce


text:
1920 Pulitzer Prize

The following are the Pulitzer Prizes for 1920.

Journalism awards

 * Public Service:
 * No award given. Jurors recommended the prize be given to the Minneapolis Daily News for its Americanization campaign, but the Advisory Board declined to make an award.
 * Reporting:
 * John J. Leary, Jr. of the New York World, for the series of articles written during the United Mine Workers coal strike of 1919.
 * Editorial Writing:
 * Harvey E. Newbranch of the Evening World Herald (Omaha) for an editorial entitled "Law and the Jungle", condemning the Omaha race riot of 1919.

Letters and Drama Awards

 * Drama:
 * Beyond the Horizon by Eugene O'Neill (Boni)
 * History:
 * The War with Mexico by Justin Harvey Smith (Macmillan)
 * Biography or Autobiography:
 * The Life of John Marshall by Albert J. Beveridge (Houghton)

title: 1920 Pulitzer Prize


text: Category:People from Yamagata Prefecture


text:
Wikipedia:WikiProject Rugby league

{| style="background-color: #B0C4DE;"

About us
Some Wikipedians have formed a project to better organize information in articles related to rugby league football. This page and its subpages contain their suggestions; it is hoped that this project will help to focus the efforts of other Wikipedians. If you have a passion for rugby league and wish to make Wikipedia the world's foremost reference on rugby league like the rest of our participants then add your name to the participants list. Then read the section below labelled How to help or inquire on our talk page. We are in search of graphic artists willing to create rugby league diagrams. Also any images of professional league players would be very helpful.

Scope
The aim of the project is to create a pool of consistent and attractive articles that are easy to find and read, which can be achieved by maintaining and creating:
 * the rugby league category and sub-category structures
 * templates, infoboxes and other tools to help wikipedia display and make better use of content
 * articles related to rugby league
 * Current sports events up-to-date for international matches and provincial competitions.
 * Recent deaths and Current sports events up to date when notable rugby league players pass on. (As usually there are newspaper obituaries written when a person dies, it is also an opportunity to write up and improve the Wikipedia article on that player.)
 * Coordinate efforts and peer review articles
 * Expand the biographies on every man who has played a Test for the four main nations (Australia, England, France and New Zealand) as well as Great Britain.
 * Increase the number of well written rugby league related articles
 * Expand and improve other rugby league related articles

How to help

 * Create — If an article has not been written on a notable topic, then it should be created. WikiProject Rugby league/Requested articles contains articles that have been requested by other editors. If you are a photographer and are willing to submit photos to be used on Wikipedia (read about important copyright licensing first), see this list for articles needing photos.
 * Clean up — Many articles, especially when they are first written, can be messy, incomprehensive and even incorrect. You can help by tidying up and correcting such articles. Rugby league articles tagged with various issues can be found here.
 * Expand — Many articles do not contain much information and should be expanded. A good place to find articles needing expansion is the rugby league stubs category.
 * Improve — While bringing an article to feature status is an advanced job it is a lot easier to take an article to good status. This requires ensuring the article is broad, well referenced, and the prose is satisfactory. Help improving the quality of any rugby article is much appreciated.
 * Monitor — Keeping an eye on the recent changes list is helpful for noting improvements to articles and spotting errors and disruptive edits.
 * Peer review the articles written by fellow WPRL members here
 * Assess — A large number of rugby league related articles are unassessed. You can assess these articles using our criteria and assign an importance and quality ranking to them.
 * Categorise — Label articles of interest to the project by putting the WikiProject Rugby league template on the talk page. The article should also be placed in the most specific category possible.
 * Articles can be found by browsing the rugby league category or by typing a desired article into the search box to see if it exists and what shape it is in.
 * If you don't have the time or the knowledge to create an important article a request can be left here.
 * }

Article Alerts

 * Wikiproject Watchlist - WikiProject Rugby league

title: Wikipedia:WikiProject Rugby league


text: Category:People from Fukushima Prefecture


text:
La Tortura

"La Tortura" (English: "The Torture") is a song by Colombian singer Shakira, featuring Spanish singer Alejandro Sanz, from Shakira's sixth studio album, Fijación Oral, Vol. 1 (2005). The song was written and produced by Shakira, with additional writing and production from longtime collaborators Luis Fernando Ochoa and Lester Mendez, respectively. It was released on 11 April 2005, by Epic Records, as the lead single from the album. "La Tortura" is a pop, reggaeton, and dancehall track, which lyrically tells the story of a woman who has been emotionally "tortured" because her boyfriend cheated and eventually left her for another, and has now returned begging forgiveness.

Upon its release, "La Tortura" received generally positive reviews by music critics, who agreed that the song was a highlight from Fijación Oral, Vol. 1; they were also ambivalent towards its "Shaketon Mix". It was well received commercially, reaching number one in several countries worldwide, including Hungary, Spain and Venezuela. In the United States, the single reached number 23 on the Billboard Hot 100 (giving Sanz his only entry on said chart), while topping the Hot Latin Songs chart for 25 non-consecutive weeks. It was eventually certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) for a million digital copies sold in the region. "La Tortura" received multiple awards and nominations, including the Latin Grammy Award for Record of the Year and Song of the Year.

The music video for "La Tortura" was directed by Michael Haussman and became one of the first Spanish music videos to be aired on MTV. It depicts Sanz spying on Shakira in her apartment, as they remember the times when they were a couple; Shakira also appears dancing erotically on a building's roof, covered with black greasepaint. To promote the single, she performed it on several televised shows and events, and was included on setlists for three of her concert tours, the last being the El Dorado World Tour (2018). "La Tortura" is one of the best selling singles of all time with more than five million copies sold. The song was covered by Puerto Rican singer Gilberto Santa Rosa and has been credited for popularizing reggaeton in North America, Europe, and Asia.

Background and development
After achieving crossover success in 2001 with her first English-language album, Laundry Service, Shakira started working on its follow-up. Having co-written almost 60 songs in both Spanish and English for the project, Shakira decided to divide the release into two volumes, opting to first release an album entirely in Spanish, titled Fijación Oral, Vol. 1. This would be her first all-Spanish record since Dónde Están los Ladrones? (1998). For the project, Shakira worked with previous collaborators along with new partners, such as Argentine musician Gustavo Cerati and Spanish singer Alejandro Sanz. She stated that "they are very credible artists within Hispanic music, great composers and unique voices". Billboard opined that their presence on the album could help Shakira re-enter the Latin music market, as her last Spanish album was released seven years prior.

During the 2004 Christmas holidays, Shakira and Sanz worked together in his home studio in Miami. She recalls being nervous as it was the first time she got together with another artist to produce one of her songs. Sanz, who records himself and is the engineer of his own songs, spent three nights in a row going to bed at five in the morning to create the perfect sound for the track. Shakira recalled, "I remember I told him: 'Can't you change this little note?' And he just said to me 'what?'. He almost threw a puck at my head", referring to her perfectionism. Shakira stated that she spent a full month tweaking the track, as she thought that it was "a song that needed clearly the right, the accurate production. If I went a little bit left or little bit far right, the song would suffer and get affected. And I struggled with the song until I finally got it." Through a statement published by Shakira's label Epic Records, she considered Sanz's voice as the one the song needed as it is "raw, unique, full of sensuality", while Sanz described Shakira as "obsessive about detail", and elaborated that she was "a little girl but a giant woman who lives madly in love with her dreams". "La Tortura", the result of their sessions together in the studio, was released as the lead single from Fijación Oral, Vol. 1 in the United States on 11 April 2005, by Epic Records. An electronic-flavored remix, titled the "Shaketon Mix", was later added to the album.

Composition
"La Tortura" was written by Shakira and Luis Fernando Ochoa, while produced by the former and Lester Mendez, who also played keyboards on the song. Sanz also played the Tres cubano, with Lyle Workman playing the guitar, and Rene Toledo the acoustic guitar. Other instrumentation for "La Tortura" included bass by Paul Bushnell, accordion by Umberto Judex and Frank Marocco, and percussion by Archie Peña. The mixing and engineering for "La Tortura" was performed by Gustavo Celis at Supersonic Studios in Miami, with additional engineering by Rob Jacobs and Kevin Killen. Vlado Meller completed the audio mastering at Sony Music Studios in New York City.

Musically, "La Tortura" is a pop, reggaeton and dancehall song,  with some reviewers noting elements of flamenco, cumbia, and electronica in its composition. The New York Times' Jon Pareles observed the rock guitars and electronic blips present on the track, as well as an accordion and Sanz's "spry tres guitar", which provided a "funky cumbia feel". According to Shakira, "La Tortura" is a mix of many different elements, explaining that within its composition there is "a little bit of acoustic guitars, a little bit of accordions. It's probably my most Latin track, too. It's one of those cocktails I like to put together". The song is set in common time with a moderate tempo of 62 beats per minute. It is composed in the key of C major with Shakira and Sanz's vocal ranges spanning from E3 to A5.

According to Shakira, "La Tortura" lyrically deals with "love and hate, infidelity, doubts, a chance of being forgiven... it's a song a wrote in order to reflect that Latin reality called machismo, which is both tragic and comic at the same time". The track is about the torture it has been for two lovers to leave each other. He continually betrays her, and she is tired of his lies. Sanz sings, "I know I have not been a saint/but I can fix it baby", while Shakira responds "you better keep that bone to another dog and then we say goodbye". The song ends as she decides to leave him despite his pleas, and asserts that she will not cry over him.

Critical response
Upon release, "La Tortura" received generally positive reviews from music critics. Matt Cibula from PopMatters wrote that "what really matters are these two overheated voices working with and against each other, and the way that undeniable beat really comes alive when there is actually a beautiful melody underneath it". Described as a "beat-heavy scorcher" by Geoff Harkness from Chicago Tribune, it was seen by the journalist as the best track on the album, who saw its choice as the lead single as a "no-brainer". The staff of Houston Chronicle agreed, naming the track an "obvious standout", and complimenting Sanz's vocals, as his "raspy delivery gives the song a razor-sharp edge". Spence D. from IGN opined that the "ethnic" musical implements on "La Tortura", such as accordion, Spanish guitar flutters, jostling rhythms, and Sanz's vocals "make for one of the more enjoyable and distinct inclusions on the album; a slice of Shakira being Shakira and eschewing the affectation of anybody else's vocal stylings".

For Los Angeles Times' Agustin Gurza, "La Tortura" was "so deliciously pop you forgive the crass calculation of mixing restrained reggaeton beats (narcissistically called 'Shaketon'), a dash of Gipsy Kings, a touch of Colombian accordion. Radio loves it and the clubs will too". Ruan Carlo from Sputnikmusic deemed the track as "the most commercial song in the album", noting that it was "noticeably different from previous singles", as it sounds "very Latin, and yet synthesizers are heard at one point", which gives the song a "global tone". Jon Pareles of The New York Times complimented the song and its "Shaketon Mix", arguing that "one of it sounds forced: for Shakira it's all pop, taut structures for volatile passion". Jorge Patiño of Rolling Stone Argentina described the remix as "a cleaner work than the original version until the percussion enters and falls into the reggaeton that invades the stations". Tom Townsend from Yahoo! Music opined that the original song was "slightly disappointing" but was "greatly improved by the remix, tacked on as a bonus track" on the album. Mariana Enriquez from Página/12 called it "not a great song, but at this point no one can avoid humming it".

Accolades
At the 7th Annual Latin Grammy Awards in 2006, "La Tortura" won the awards for Record and Song of the Year. That year, at the 13th Billboard Latin Music Awards, the track won all four categories it was nominated for, including Hot Latin Song of the Year, Vocal Duet Hot Latin Song of the Year, Duo or Group Latin Pop Airplay Song of the Year, and Latin Ringtone of the Year. "La Tortura" was recognized as Pop Song of the Year at the 18th Lo Nuestro Awards. At the 2005 Premios Juventud, Shakira and Sanz won the award for "La Pareja Más Pareja" ("Dynamic Duet") while the song was nominated "La Más Pegajosa" ("Catchiest Tune"). It was recognized as Song of the Year and Latin Ringtone of the Year at the 2007 BMI Latin Awards. "La Tortura" won Latin Song of the Year at the 2005 Billboard Music Awards and Best Latin Dance Track at the 2006 International Dance Music Awards.

Commercial performance
In total, "La Tortura" has sold around five million copies worldwide. In Latin America, the single was well received commercially. In Colombia, Shakira's home country, it peaked at number three. The song also reached number three in Panama, while reaching the top of the charts in Guatemala and Venezuela.

In the United States, "La Tortura" debuted at number 98 on the Billboard Hot 100, on the issue dated 7 May 2005. The track slowly climbed the chart until it reached its peak of number 23, on 24 September 2005. On the Hot Latin Songs chart, the song debuted at number 11 on the week of 30 April 2005. It later reached the summit five weeks later, replacing "La Camisa Negra" by Juanes. The single spent a total of 25 non-consecutive weeks at the top, becoming the longest-leading song at number one which was previously held by Son by Four's "A Puro Dolor" (2000), with 20 weeks. The record was later broken by "Bailando" (2014) by Enrique Iglesias featuring Descemer Bueno and Gente de Zona, with 41 weeks. "La Tortura" ended 2005 as the best-performing Latin single of the year. Due to its success, the song was certified platinum by Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) for over 1,000,000 digital sales. In the Latin field, it received a diamond certification due to sales of 1.92 million sales.

"La Tortura" was also successful in Europe. In Austria, the track reached number three, being later certified gold by IFPI Austria. In Denmark, the song reached number seven on the singles chart, and was also certified gold by IFPI Denmark. In Germany, it peaked at number four, and was certified gold by the Bundesverband Musikindustrie (BVMI). In Switzerland, it reached a peak of number two, staying there for nine non-consecutive weeks. The single was eventually certified gold by the IFPI Switzerland. In other parts of Europe, "La Tortura" reached the top three in several countries, such as Croatia, Italy, and Switzerland,  while peaking inside the top five in France, Greece and Sweden. It eventually topped the charts in Hungary, Romania, as well as Spain, Sanz's home country. The song's commercial performance in the European countries helped it attain a peak of number five on the European Hot 100 Singles chart, on the issue dated 6 August 2005.

Music video
The music video for "La Tortura" was directed by Michael Haussman. Shakira declared that she really liked his work, as she felt he was "a very sensitive man". She also stated that Haussman "was the right person to convey the feeling of this video, to understand it, and besides all that, he has a very good energy, a great vibe, he has a nice spirit and good humor. Working with him was a beautiful experience". It was filmed on 8–12 April 2005 in Bay Harbor Island, in an art deco building. Before filming the video, she consulted a priest friend about whether it would be proper to film the scenes as Sanz's love interest while in a committed relationship with her then-fiancé, Antonio de la Rúa, and the priest gave her permission. Shakira did her own make-up for the video, as she wanted a "very natural look" for it. The choreography was made by Jamie King and Shakira herself; according to her, she made up all the moves while King filmed her with a camera, and then had to learn her own moves, calling the process "so hard".

The music video was premiered on 26 April 2005 through MTV's Making the Video series. Following a special airing of Daddy Yankee's "Gasolina" video on MTV in 2004, "La Tortura" was among the first Spanish music videos to air on MTV. It also became the first Spanish video to be added to high rotation on VH1. Additionally, the whole episode of Making the Video was aired in Spanish, with English subtitles. The music video begins with Sanz observing Shakira in an apartment as she is walking down the street on her way to her own apartment, which is located on the other side of the street, while holding a bag of onions. He watches her crying while cutting them, but the onions are out of his view. Scenes from the time they were still a couple are shown, with the pair seen eating Chinese food, and Shakira crawling across the table as Sanz admires her. She is then seen dancing erotically on a building's roof, covered in black greasepaint. The video ends with Shakira coming to the window to realize Sanz was spying on her and turns back. The video for the song's remix version, known as "La Tortura (Shaketon Remix)", featuring some previously unseen scenes, was included on Oral Fixation, Vol. 1 & 2 (2006) bonus DVD. The music video won the prize for Video of the Year at the 2005 MTV Video Music Awards Latinoamerica. It also received three nominations at the 2005 MTV Video Music Awards, in the categories Best Female Video, Best Dance Video and Viewer's Choice Award, becoming the first time a Spanish music video was up for a nomination at the awards. The next year, "La Tortura" was nominated for Best Short Form Music Video at the 7th Annual Latin Grammy Awards. The video was marked "Vevo Certified" by joint venture music video website Vevo for reaching more than 100 million views.

Live performances
The first live performance Shakira gave for "La Tortura" was on the German television show Wetten, dass..?, filmed in the ancient Roman amphitheater of Aspendos, near Antalaya, Turkey, and aired on 15 May 2005. She then went to the United States and gave performances for the track on MTV's Total Request Live, on 31 May and on Good Morning America, three days later. Shakira and Sanz sang the song together for the first time at Madrid bid for the 2012 Summer Olympics on 5 June 2005. A few days later, on 20 June, she performed the single during UNICEF's 50th anniversary in the Netherlands. Shakira was also part of the MTV Day festival in Madrid, Spain which took place on 29 June 2005, performing "La Tortura" and "No", another song from Fijación Oral Vol. 1, among other songs from her back catalog. On 2 July, she appeared at Palace of Versailles in Paris to sing "La Tortura" and "Whenever, Wherever" as part of the Live 8 benefit concert. Days later, she went to Argentina and gave a performance of "La Tortura" on her own television special titled Shakira: Íntimo, aired by Telefe.

Shakira and Sanz performed "La Tortura" together on the 2005 MTV Video Music Awards on 28 August 2005. It was the first time in the history of the awards show that a song was performed completely in another language other than English. On 8 September, she performed it on Fashion Rocks event, which took place at Radio City Music Hall and aired a day later by CBS. In November, Shakira gave a surprise concert at Times Square for Yahoo! Launch, and gave a performance of "La Tortura" along with "Don't Bother" and "Hey You", songs from Oral Fixation Vol. 2. The same month, she also traveled to the Netherlands and sang the song at the UNESCO Gala event on 12 November. On 10 December 2005, she performed the song with Sanz on Saturday Night Live. Shakira included "La Tortura" on her setlist for the KIIS-FM's Jingle Ball at Shrine Auditorium in Los Angeles. Ten days later, she also performed the song during her set on Z100's Jingle Ball at Madison Square Garden in New York City. Shakira performed a set of songs on US television program Today, including "La Tortura", on 28 April 2006.

Shakira included the song in the setlist for her concert at the Rock in Rio festival in Lisbon, on 26 May 2006. The song was later performed during her 2006–07 Oral Fixation Tour, which was launched to promote the albums Fijación Oral, Vol. 1 and Oral Fixation, Vol. 2. The performance of the song during the concert in Miami, Florida, on 9 December 2006, featured Sanz, and was filmed for a live album release. On 2 November 2006, the pair sang the track at the 7th Annual Latin Grammy Awards, where she took four awards. "La Tortura" was performed by Shakira during her set on the Plymouth Jazz Festival in Trinidad and Tobago, on 26 April 2008. In May 2008, she was part of the ALAS Foundation's concert in Buenos Aires, also performing the song. She also included "La Tortura" on the setlist for her concert at Rock in Rio held at Madrid, on 4 July. It was also included on her sets of the Rock in Rio Lisboa and Madrid festivals on 21 May and 5 June 2010, respectively. Shakira also performed the song as part of her 2010–11 The Sun Comes Out World Tour. Years later, the track was performed again on the 2018 El Dorado World Tour. In 2019, Shakira was a surprise guest at Sanz's La Gira tour stop in Barcelona, and sang the song with him.

Cover and impact
In 2011, Puerto Rican singer Gilberto Santa Rosa performed a live cover of "La Tortura" as part the Latin Recording Academy tribute to Shakira where she was honored Person of the Year. In 2009, a book named Reggaeton credited the song for popularizing the genre in regions such as North America, Europe, and Asia.

Track listings

 * European CD maxi-single
 * 1) "La Tortura" (Album Version) – 3:32
 * 2) "La Tortura" (Shaketon Remix) – 3:12
 * 3) "La Pared" (Acoustic Version) – 2:39

 * European CD single
 * 1) "La Tortura" (Album Version) – 3:32
 * 2) "La Tortura" (Shaketon Remix) – 3:12

Credits and personnel
Credits adapted from the liner notes of Fijación Oral, Vol. 1.

 * Shakira – lead vocals, songwriter, producer
 * Alejandro Sanz – featured artist, tres cubano
 * Luis Fernando Ochoa – songwriter
 * Lester Mendez – producer, keyboards
 * Lyle Workman – guitars
 * Rene Toledo – acoustic guitar
 * Paul Bushnell – drums
 * Umberto Judex – accordion
 * Frank Marocco – accordion

 * Archie Peña – percussion
 * Pete Davis – programming
 * Jose "Gocho" Torres – programming
 * Gian Arias – programming
 * Juan Santana – programming
 * Rob Jacobs – audio engineer
 * Kevin Killen – audio engineer
 * Gustavo Celis – mixing
 * Vlado Meller – mastering

title: La Tortura


text:
Category:Xenicus

Xenicus is a genus of the family Acanthisittidae.

title: Category:Xenicus


text: Category:People from Niigata Prefecture

title: Category:People from Niigata Prefecture


text:
Talk:Ryuji Sasai

Note
Warning to future editors: the information on Sasai Ryūji on imbd and other US data-farm sites seems to be horribly erroneous. The Esteban (Mysterious Cities of Gold) music was by 越部信義 (Nobuyo Koshibe), the Windaria music by 門倉聡 (Satoshi Kadokura), and the Tweeny Witches music by 寺島民哉 (Tamiya Terashima). Unless he played some minor role somewhere, I guess imdb have just been inventing those credits. --zippedmartin 23:16, 19 August 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Ryuji Sasai


text:
Melanie Oßwald

Melanie Oßwald (born 1 June 1976 in Nuremberg) is a German politician and a former member of the Bundestag with the CSU.

From 1996 to 2000 she studied graphic design at the College of Fine Arts in Nuremberg. She entered the Junge Union in 1992 and the CSU in 2000. In 2002 she campaigned for election to the Bundestag, but narrowly lost. However, since Edmund Stoiber did not accept his Bundestag mandate due to his defeat by Gerhard Schröder, she nevertheless managed to advance. She was not re-elected in 2005.

title: Melanie Oßwald


text:
Category:Handball clubs

This category categorizes team handball teams, or handball clubs.

title: Category:Handball clubs


text: Category:People from Tochigi Prefecture

title: Category:People from Tochigi Prefecture


text:
Chunky River

The Chunky River is a short tributary of the Chickasawhay River in east-central Mississippi. Via the Chickasawhay, it is part of the watershed of the Pascagoula River, which flows into the Gulf of Mexico.

Course
The river is formed between the towns of Hickory and Chunky in southwestern Newton County by the confluence of Chunky Creek and Okahatta Creek. However, older maps continue to call it the Chunky Creek until a point in Lauderdale County. The Chunky River flows generally southeastwardly through southwestern Lauderdale County and northwestern Clarke County, where it joins Okatibbee Creek to form the Chickasawhay River near the town of Enterprise.

Dunns Falls Water Park is a state park located along the river north of Enterprise.

The historic Stuckey's Bridge spans the river in southern Lauderdale County.

Name
Chunky is a name derived from the Choctaw language most likely meaning martin (bird).

The United States Board on Geographic Names settled on "Chunky River" as the stream's name in 1963. According to the Geographic Names Information System, it has also been known as:
 * Chanki River
 * Chunkey Creek
 * Chunkey River
 * Chunky Creek
 * Ectchangui River
 * Tchanke River

title: Chunky River


text:
Campbell Slemp

Campbell Slemp (December 2, 1839 – October 13, 1907) was a farmer and Confederate officer in southwest Virginia who became a Readjuster Democrat after Congressional Reconstruction and served in the Virginia House of Delegates. He eventually joined the Republican Party and won election to the United States House of Representatives from Virginia's 9th congressional district and controlled federal patronage in the Commonwealth from 1903 to 1907. Slemp died unexpectedly at home while in office, after which his son C. Bascom Slemp succeeded to the seat for more than a decade, until being ousted by the rising Byrd Organization.

Early and family life
Born near Turkey Cove in Lee County, Virginia, to Sebastian Smyth Slemp (1810–1859; whose grandfather had emigrated from Germany) and his wife, the former Margaret Reasor (1811–1871), both of families long prominent in the region, Campbell Slemp had an older brother, Henderson Clinton Slemp (1831–1901), and two elder sisters, Nervesta Overton Slemp Flanary (1834–1914) and Alpha Slemp Habern (1836-1893). He attended Emory and Henry College in Emory, Washington County, Virginia. He left when his father Sebastian Slemp died in 1859. Before the American Civil War, Campbell Slemp farmed and tended to real estate investments.

Campbell Slemp married Nancy Brittain Cawood (nicknamed "Namie" 1840–1908) on July 25, 1861. Her ancestors had fought in the American Revolutionary War (Stephen Cawood of Washington County, Virginia was a drummer in Col. Byrd's regiment, and his son Berry Cawood served under George Rogers Clark in the expedition which captured Kaskaskia and Vincennes, and received a land grant because of that service). They had three sons and three daughters: Emma M. Slemp (1865–1889), Henry C.M. Slemp (b./d. 1868), Susan Jane Slemp Newman (1869–1935), C. Bascom Slemp (1870–1943), William Moses Slemp (1873–1912) and Laura Alpha Drucilla Slemp (1877–1900).

Military career
During the Civil War, Slemp volunteered for the Confederate States Army and joined Company A of the 21st Virginia Infantry Battalion, becoming the laters commanding officer. By November 1862 the unit had been consolidated with another company into the 64th Virginia Mounted Infantry. Slemp rose in rank from captain to lieutenant colonel and finally colonel on December 14, 1862.

The unit defended the border between Virginia and both Tennessee and Kentucky, particularly the strategic Cumberland Gap and the strategic resources of lead mines and salt works at Saltville, Virginia. The Cumberland Gap was initially fortified by Confederate General Felix Zollicoffer (a former Tennessee Congressman), and contested by Unionist Tennessean Capt. Powhatan Carter. Although Zollicoffer was killed in action in the January 1862 during the first Kentucky invasion, Union Generals George H. Thomas and later William T. Sherman had difficulty securing the Cumberland Gap. At Pound Gap in nearby Wise County, Virginia, Slemp was among the Confederates opposed by Union Col. (later General and President) James Garfield, who forced their retreat.

When Union Major General George Morgan was sent to secure the Cumberland Gap, Colonels William M. Churchwell and James E. Rains pleaded for reinforcements but their pleas were ignored; so they destroyed the supplies and evacuated. When the Union troops tried to secure the gap they likewise failed to receive reinforcements, so Confederate Generals Stevenson and Edmund Kirby Smith were able to retake it in September 1862 as Morgan evacuated into Kentucky. The next fall Union Gen. Ambrose Burnside was sent to take the gap and he delegated the job to an Irishman, John F. De Courcy. He got Confederate Gen. John W. Frazer drunk and believing that many Union troops were coming so in the nearly bloodless Battle of Cumberland Gap, Frazer surrendered his three regiments with 2300 men on September 9, 1863, to fewer than 500 Union soldiers. However, Col. Slemp and Maj. McDowell managed to escape with many men, and also evacuated about 400 Confederates from the Pinnacle nearby.

Col. Slemp was convicted of dereliction of duty on November 7, 1863, at a court martial in January 1864, was removed from command and dismissed from the army. The incident related to his moving captured wagons on that date, about two weeks after Union raiders had burned the 64th Virginia's camp near Jonesville. Although many Virginia legislators had urged that General "Grumble" Jones stop the proceedings (and Slemp's Lt.Col. Auburn L. Pridemore attempted to press charges against Gen. Jones for his actions on the same day), charges were pressed by Capt. H. Brown of the 8th Virginia Cavalry and Major Rhea of Tennessee. Col. Slemp hurt his own cause by slipping house arrest in Abington to return home.

Nonetheless, Slemp remained a loyal Confederate throughout the war, surrendering after General Lee's surrender at Appomattox Courthouse. He received his parole at the Cumberland Gap in Tennessee on May 2, 1865, with others of the 64th Virginia.

Political career
After the war ended, Slemp received a pardon, and resumed farming. He became politically involved in the Readjuster Party, aligning with former Confederate General William Mahone who was consolidating railroads in Virginia and Tennessee. ]

His older brother Henry C. Slemp had been elected to the Virginia Senate in 1875, and served one term in the part-time position. In 1879, Lee County voters elected Campbell Slemp to the Virginia House of Delegates, where he served (part-time) and was re-elected once. He unsuccessfully ran for the state senate in 1883. Although a Democrat up to that time, Slemp like Malone became a Virginia State Republican party leader. Slemp made an unsuccessful bid for Lieutenant Governor on Mahone's ticket in 1889, which lost badly. However, he was a Presidential elector for Harrison, and later President McKinley.

In 1903 voters of Virginia's 9th congressional district (nicknamed the "Fighting Ninth" in part for its close elections and many party changes) elected Slemp to the United States House of Representatives. Slemp defeated 2-term Democrat William F. Rhea (a generation younger than the Major Rhea who had testified against him), who had defeated 2-term Republican James A. Walker (last commander of the Stonewall Brigade) in 1898.

President Theodore Roosevelt, a fellow Republican, let Slemp control federal patronage in the Commonwealth, Slemp won re-election twice (over J. C. Wysor in 1904 and then Robert P. Bruce in 1906). The Norfolk and Western Railway and textile mills expanded into his district.

Death and legacy
Slemp died unexpectedly at his home at Big Stone Gap in Wise County, Virginia on Sunday, October 13, 1907. Following his interment in the family cemetery in Lee County, Virginia, his son C. Bascom Slemp was selected to fill his Congressional seat, and won re-election several times until he refused to seek re-election. The younger Slemp served as the United States representative for the 9th district of Virginia from 1907 to 1922, and established the Slemp Foundation as well as the Southwest Virginia Museum.

title: Campbell Slemp


text:
Alfredo Vásquez Cobo International Airport

Alfredo Vásquez Cobo International Airport (Aeropuerto Internacional Alfredo Vásquez Cobo, ) is an international airport located in Leticia, Colombia's southernmost city and capital of the Amazonas Department.

The airport is important for the Amazon region, as it is the main gateway to the rest of the country and serves the tri-border area between Colombia, Brazil and Peru.

History
Before Leticia had an established airport, the Colombian Air Force flew PBY Catalina aircraft from the interior of Colombia to the river banks of the city. Gustavo Rojas Pinilla seeing the need to better connect the Amazon region of Colombia to Bogota ordered for an airport to be built.

In 2015, Juan Manuel Santos, the then president of Colombia, announced an investment of over $142 billion Colombian pesos (or $42 million US dollars) to replace the existing facilities with brand new passenger and cargo terminals, control tower, parking and common areas, and access roadways. Construction was expected to conclude on November 30, 2018, however due to delays the new facilities are expected to be completed by June 2019.

Two hundred international tourists were trapped in Leticia after the highly-contagious Brazilian variant of COVID-19 virus was discovered in the city on January 28, 2021. Two weeks later the government agreed to fly the tourists out of the Alfredo Vásquez Cobo airport if the individuals were willing to pay. Regularly scheduled flights resumed on March 2.

Colonel Herbert Boy Air Base
Permanently stationed onsite is the Amazonas Air Group, of the Colombian Air Force, which operates out of the Colonel Herbert Boy Air Base. The air base shares the same runway with the airport and jointly manage other facilities.

Accidents

 * On November 18, 2006, an AeroSucre Boeing 727 crashed during landing due to poor weather and fog against a television antenna with 40 meters of height. The three members of crew, as well as the three passengers, died in the accident.


text:
Tilley's

Tilley's Devine Café Gallery is a well-known café in the suburb of Lyneham in Canberra, Australia. It was named after Matilda 'Tilly' Devine, an English Australian gangster and madame from Sydney.

When the café first opened in 1984, it was intended as a women's space, with men allowed entry only when accompanied by women. Popular with lesbian women, it quickly became an icon of Canberra's LGBT scene. Attempts to restrict or limit entry of men brought challenges, most notably by a group of cadets from the Royal Military College, Duntroon who attempted to force their way in, instigating a brawl. The policy was maintained for two years.

Tilley's originally had seating for 60, but subsequently expanded five times, and now has large indoor and outdoor eating areas. It was once a popular space for night time concerts by local musicians, hosting names such as Wayne Kelly, Mia Dyson, Frente!, and Clare Bowditch. In 2005 concerts were scaled back in order to expand the more financially viable restaurant and café. According to ACT historian Roslyn Russell, it was the first licensed outdoor venue in Australia, and the first Australian bar to ban smoking indoors.

title: Tilley's


text:
God's Learning Channel

God's Learning Channel (GLC) is an American religious television network based in Odessa, Texas, which teaches a biblical point of view of Messianic Judaism. The network was founded in 1982 by Al and Tommie Cooper, who had the vision to share the teachings of Jesus Christ with Southeastern New Mexico. The network later grew to five television transmitters located in New Mexico and West Texas. While the focus of programming has been to teach believers their ties to the Bible and the spiritual world, it has expanded to cover a wide range of themes related to the Land of Israel and the Jewish people, presenting Jesus, in Hebrew pronounced Yeshua, as the Jewish Messiah. GLC provides 24-hour streaming media of its broadcast (accessible through the GLC website), as well as internet platforms, such as Roku.

History
On January 30, 1985, the Federal Communications Commission granted a construction permit for a new television station on channel 27 in Roswell, New Mexico, to Prime Time Christian Broadcasting. PTCB, at the time carrying programming from the Trinity Broadcasting Network, had already been broadcasting over the local cable system on channel 12. Channel 27 began broadcasting September 15, 1986, and over the years that followed, Prime Time built additional translators and full-service stations, the first of which was constructed at Artesia. Additionally, new studios were built in Roswell in 1987.

After making its first full-power station purchase, of KMLM in Odessa, Texas, in 1991, planning began to move the Prime Time headquarters there.

Former repeaters
GLC programming was formerly relayed on the following translator stations:
 * Abilene, TX – KPTA-LP 63 (translated KMLM)
 * Alamogordo, NM – KAPT-LP 29 (translated KRPV)
 * Fort Stockton, TX – K25GO (translated KMLM)
 * Las Cruces, NM – KLCP-LP 30 (translated KRPV)
 * McCamey, TX – K50ED (translated KMLM)
 * Monahans, TX – KPDN-LP 27 (translated KMLM)
 * Pecos, TX – K64EC (translated KMLM)
 * Ruidoso, NM – KGDR-LP 47 (translated KRPV)
 * Welch, TX – KWGD-LP 54 (translated KMLM)

Satellites

 * Galaxy 25 Ku-Band

title: God's Learning Channel


text:
Talk:Fort Saint Elmo

Untitled
See Talk:Star fort for where I intended to put this discussion. :( --Shoka 23:27, 19 August 2005 (UTC)

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Movie location.
I believe Fort Saint Elmo was used as a film location for the movie American Assassin. Ravi arnie (talk) 08:37, 26 August 2018 (UTC)

title: Talk:Fort Saint Elmo


text:
Wikipedia talk:Stalking/Revision1

Wiki-stalking - According to the Wikipedia Arbitration Committee the term "wiki-stalking" has been coined to describe following a contributor around the wiki, editing the same articles as the target, with the intent of causing annoyance or distress to another contributor. This is distinct from following a contributor in order to clear repeated errors.

The Arbitration Committee and Wikipedia founder Jimbo Wales have banned editors who engage in wiki-stalking for the purpose of harassment against other editors.

Wiki-stalking precedents

 * User:The Recycling Troll (TRT) banned indefinately by Jimbo Wales for "pestering RickK pointlessly and writing inane messages to the mailing list" on complaint by RickK against TRT for "stalking me and voting the opposite from my votes on VfD," March 2005.
 * User:Skyring "banned for wikistalking" by the Arbitration Committee. Penalty imposed for the duration of 1 year, August 2005.

title: Wikipedia talk:Stalking/Revision1


text: Category:Mix drinks

title: Category:Mix drinks


text:
Talk:Gajanan Maharaj

section on origin
This section is too long and sounds more definitive than it should be. Seek clarification: Did Shri Gajanan Maharaj travel to Nasik in 1887 (after he came to Shegaon in 1878)? is the question about his origin settled? I do not think so. Every devotee is entitled to hold their opinion because the question is not settled. That does not change anyone'e devotion to the saint.Tkul (talk) 20:56, 23 November 2016 (UTC)tkul

Untitled
I think this page needs a good picture of the saint. (--Mayuresh Kadu (India) 23:30, 19 August 2005 (UTC))

samadhi
The word samadhi needs to be linked to the relevent article on this website. Also, need to distinguish this from the samadhi that some other saints took.Tkul A lot has been added to this article about early days of Shri Gajanan maharaj without citing the references. Can the editors please cite the references? Tkul (talk) 03:30, 1 August 2010 (UTC)tkul

Chronology
There is no chronology in the article

WikiProject class rating
This article was automatically assessed because at least one WikiProject had rated the article as stub, and the rating on other projects was brought up to Stub class. BetacommandBot 17:58, 9 November 2007 (UTC) "he allegedly performed many miracles, such as giving a fresh lease on life to one Janrao Deshmukh, lighting the clay-pipe without fire, filling a dry well with water, drawing sugar cane juice by twisting canes with his hands, and curing leprosy of a woman. He wore very little clothes. He attained Mahasamadhi on 8 September, 1910."

Criticism
The criticism section is unwarranted. If you wish to retain this, please add the section of every revered religious figure in history, for this vague comment can be made on all of them. If not, please remove the same. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Suvarnatejas (talk • contribs) 00:20, 3 June 2009 (UTC)

Hi, Please change the work charlatan to saint in the above paragraph of the article. Thanks.

Ravi krchandra@ncs.com.sg

Hi,

charlatans claim to perform miracles like above. So let it remain like that.

Hutom —Preceding unsigned comment added by 148.87.1.172 (talk) 19:39, 16 April 2009 (UTC)

Gajanan Maharaj never spoke a word during his life time, His so called divine power is based on assumption that he has performed the so called miracles detailed in the Pothis. Gajanan Sansthan is doing a good work but no doubt there was nothing divine about Gajanan maharaj. He has not done any work comparable with the revered saints like Saint Dnyaneshwar, Saint Tukaram & various others. There are claims that he had met Lokmanya Tilak but this has not been historically proven. Although we still see painting of Gajanan Maharaj with Lokmanya Tilak at the temple in shegaon. Criticism section would certainly help. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 203.191.35.24 (talk) 10:51, 11 July 2014 (UTC)

TOC
I am classifying the article so as to create a Table of contents. Abhilash Mhaisne (talk) 17:18, 10 July 2014 (UTC)

Create new article for Shree Gajanan Maharaj Sansthan, Shegaon
Hey guys, I propose creation of a separate article for the Sansthan, as it is a social and religious institution drawing visitors from all over India. Help me create the article, leave a message on my talk page. canaar (talk) 05:15, 6 January 2016 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Gajanan Maharaj


text: Category:People from Ibaraki Prefecture

title: Category:People from Ibaraki Prefecture


text:
Portal:Trains/Anniversaries/October 24

 * October 24

 * 1855 – Richard Deeley, Chief Mechanical Engineer of the Midland Railway 1909–1923, is born (d. 1944).
 * 1903 – The National Transcontinental Railway Act is passed in Canada.
 * 1940 – William Benson Storey, president of Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway 1920-1933, dies (b. 1857).
 * 2003 – Network Rail (pictured) announces it will conduct all maintenance activities in-house.

title: Portal:Trains/Anniversaries/October 24


text:
Talk:Bastion fort

Untitled
This site has a great deal of information on the terminology of fortifications.

http://www.angelfire.com/wy/svenskildbiter/madict.html#Introduction

from that site some somewhat convoluted definitions.

Hope they can be reduced to something less impenetrable, without losing too much accuracy.

 * Star fort: A field work constructed in the shape of a star, by using four or more salients and no curtains.

 * Saliant, Salient: The forward projecting point of a bastion or other projecting work.

 * Salient angle: The angle facing away from the centre of the place.

 * Salient work: A work incorporating salient angles. See bastion trace, redoubt, sconce.

 * Bastion: A work projecting from the curtain wall of a fortification which commanded the foreground and the outworks. Designed to provide flanking fire to adjacent curtains and bastion. Bastion has been used to refer to the flanking towers of a castle as well as the arrow headed bastions of the Italian bastion trace. See arrow headed bastion, curtain tower, mural tower. (L. bastia, build).

 * Bastioned flank: The salient angle of a bastion and the opposite flank.

--Shoka 23:23, 19 August 2005 (UTC)

Recent change by Kennithj "Age of Blackpowder" when the cannon came to dominate the"

Change is questionable. The original was using cannon in the plural.

Could have been written as "when cannons came to dominate", but cannon is the more normal plural form.

Revised form does not convey quite the original sense.

Other opinion sought. Grammer Mavens ? --Shoka 20:31, 2 November 2005 (UTC)

Rather than quibble over plurals it might be more useful to set these technological developments in some historical context, of which this article is currently wholly innocent. --Wetman 00:47, 5 December 2006 (UTC)

redundancy?
seems to be a lot of overlap between this and trace italienne; should they be combined? 67.68.235.106 19:42, 3 February 2007 (UTC)

I concur that there is overlap. Unclear how best to proceed though. Star fort is a descriptive term. Trace italienne refers to the origin of this style of fortification. Personally I think that star fort is the better title for the article.--Shoka 21:53, 4 February 2007 (UTC

Wikipedia was the first place that I came across the term "Star Fort". Parker, Hall, DeVries, Roberts, Kingra, Lynn (names off the top of my head) all call them trace italienne. For sake of accuracy, I think it would be sensible to use the trace italienne article, considering that's the name that all the academics use. PlasticFork (talk) 12:07, 3 October 2008 (UTC)

Merge proposal
The result was merge into Star Fort. —Michael Z. 2007-10-16 23:04 Z  23:04, 16 October 2007 (UTC)

I propose to merge the articles Bastion fortress, Star fort, and Trace italienne. These 3 articles discuss the exact same thing! In stead of 3 fragmented articles, the combined info could be very comprehensive. I suggest merging the info to Bastion fortress: it seems to me as the most fitting title. -- P199 17:02, 3 July 2007 (UTC)

 * This sounds very sensible; the other titles remain as redirects. Star fort being so familiar might have its own subsection. --Wetman 20:18, 3 July 2007 (UTC)
 * That would be much more managable. As it is, the articles could stand to be improved (particularly sourcing and layout). The two merged into bastion fortress could both have their own sections, in fact, with trace italienne reflecting its origins in the Renaissance period. --Grimhelm 21:21, 3 July 2007 (UTC)
 * Concur that the three articles overlap. Not clear that collecting the text from all three articles into sections in a single article is the best way of merging them. Have some concerns with the accuracy of some of the statements in bastion fortress, particularly the statement that the increasing range of siege weaponry lead to their obsolecence. --Shoka 22:55, 3 July 2007 (UTC)
 * That is something that didn't truly start to happen until the second half of the 19th century, and even then, commanders were reluctant to move away from Star forts. In some cases, star forts have still showed use in the mid-20th century. However, I feel we can work better on accuracy and references one page, eventually using Bastion fortress as the parent article for the other two. --Grimhelm 23:02, 3 July 2007 (UTC)

Definitely merge the three articles here. If the article grows very large and detailed, then a sub-topic can be split off again.

Star fort has the longest edit history, and has a solid introduction and description, so it will make a good core article. The sections of trace Italienne can be merged at least partly intact. Bastion fortress is shorter and its writing is not as strong, so facts can be individually incorporated from that article.

"Star fort" is the simplest descriptive title, while "bastion fortress" can be confused with "bastion". Other suitable titles are star fortress (more evocative of a large masonry structure than "fort") and Vauban fortress or Vauban fortification (which are the best-known to me, but not really inclusive enough). But anyway, I suggest we merge to this article for the reasons above, and then the merged article can be moved to whichever title we choose in the meantime.

I've added merge notices to the three articles. If there's no objection, I'll start merging in a few days. —Michael Z. 2007-10-01 22:03 Z

Merged, needs copyedit
I've completed the merge. Pretty much everything from trace italienne came into this article, and I made sure that nothing covered in bastion fortress was missed.

It now needs some editing and cleanup, particularly to shorten the introduction. —Michael Z. 2007-10-17 00:00 Z

Suggestion
Does Jülich fit into such a page? It seems like the typical example for me. Picture of Zitadelle — Preceding unsigned comment added by 134.94.168.231 (talk) 12:39, 3 January 2013 (UTC)

Perhaps we could add the picture of the star fort Castle of Good Hope. Invmog (talk) 01:24, 6 September 2009 (UTC)

 * Why don't you go ahead, Invmog? Nick Michael (talk) 14:04, 7 September 2009 (UTC)

Bastion fort
I took the liberty of adding "bastion fort" to the lead paragraph, as it is very widely used, more so than "star fort" I would suggest. A reference is An Introduction to Artillery Fortification by Simon Barrass of the Fortress Study Group. I can find more if references if required. Alansplodge (talk) 18:33, 12 March 2015 (UTC)

Osijek
Osijek was not largest Habsburg fortress on Ottoman empire border. It was Petrovaradin fortress. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 89.216.30.44 (talk) 06:14, 26 April 2016 (UTC)

Is "star fort" really the correct title for this article?
I realise that this question has been discussed here before, however, I have become more and more convinced that star fort is the wrong name for this article. In support of this, I would like to make two points:

1) No published work that I have found calls a fortification with bastions a "star fort"
Here are some examples from hopefully authoritative sources, which use terms such as "bastion system", "bastioned trace" and "bastion fort":

 * Straith, Hector (1858) Treatise on Fortification and Artillery, W H Allen, London (pp. 74-76). Quote: "Bastioned forts are constructed only in places of importance..."''

 * Douglas, General Sir Howard (1859), Observations on modern systems of fortification (p. 118). Quote: "134. Amongst those who declare themselves openly against the bastion system in principle....".

 * Lippitt, Francis J (1866), A Treatise on Intrenchments, D van Nostrand, New York (p. 29). Quote: "11. The Bastion Fort is a redoubt so constructed as to leave no sector without fire..."

 * Wheeler, J B (1882) The Elements of Field Fortifications, for the use of the Cadets of the United States Military Academy, at West Point, N.Y., D van Nostrand, New York. ' (p. 45). Quote: "46. Bastioned Fort - If the space to be enclosed is circumscribed by a polygon, and on each of the sides a bastioned front is constructed, the resulting work is called a bastioned fort".

 * Hogg, Ian V (1975), Fortress: A History of Military Defence, Macdonald and Jane's, ISBN 0-356-08122-2 (p. 44) Quote: Carisbrooke remains the only bastioned work of its kind in England. (p. 73) Quote: "The bastioned trace was designed to protect the escarp by cover from the flanks...".

 * Dyer, Nick (2003), British Fortification in the late 19th and early 20th Centuries, The Palmerston Forts Society, ISBN 0-9523634-6-1 (p. 2) Quote: "Early bastion forts were simple affairs..." (p. 10) Quote: "This escewed the expensive features of the bastion system and worked on a different set of principles".

 * "Bastion Fortification - A new form of fortification was developed in the first quarter of the 16th century in northern Italy..."

 * Lee, Dan (2014) The Civil War in the Jackson Purchase, 1861-1862: The Pro-Confederate Struggle and Defeat in Southwest Kentucky, McFarland & Co Inc, ISBN 978-0786477821 (p. 91). Quote: "Colonel Heiman described the works [at Fort Henry] to General Polk: 'It is a bastion fort, inclosing an area of a little over 3 acres...'"

 * Kaufmann, J.E. and Kaufmann, H.W. (2014), The Forts and Fortifications of Europe 1815- 1945: The Neutral States, Pen & Sword Military, ISBN 978-1-78346-392-3. (p. x Glossary of Terms) Quote: "Bastion system refers to a defensive system that uses a line of bastions". (p. xvi) Quote: "He pointed out that Vauban's bastion system was outdated".

 * Lepage, Jean-Denis G.G. (2009), French Fortifications, 1715-1815: An Illustrated History, McFarland, ISBN 978-0-7864-4477-9 (p. 50). Quote: "As can be easily imagined, the bastioned system demanded a very high cost to be built...".

Not one of these sources use the term "star fort" to refer to a fort with bastions, indeed I couldn't find any published book that did.

2) A fortification called a "star fort" does exist, but it isn't a fort with bastions
In several mid-19th century treatises, a "star fort" is described as type of fort with salients, but lacking "arrowhead" shaped bastions. "A fort of this class receives its name from the general resemblance which its trace has to the conventional symbol used to represent a star. The star of six, or of eight points, is the kind mostly employed" (Wheeler, 1882 p. 44, linked above). Hector Straith (1852 p. 76 linked above) helpfully provides a drawing to illustrate the difference between a star fort (Fig. 42) and a bastion fort (Fig. 43).

These forts seem to have had more drawbacks than advantages and Straith quotes Antoine-Henri Jomini ("one of the most celebrated writers on the Napoleonic art of war" according to our article) as saying: "Star forts are the very worst description of fortification..." (p. 75). Although not described as such in our article, Fort Wood seems to fit the description of a "star fort" very well, as does Star Castle, Isles of Scilly, especially in this view. Our article about Magazine Fort in Dublin says: "Unlike de Burgh's nearby star fort, which was primarily earthwork and demolished in the 1830s, Corneille's bastion fort was built of brick and limestone". The accompanying 18th century illustration does indeed show a star fort as described above.

I look forward to reading your comments. Alansplodge (talk) 16:50, 3 January 2017 (UTC)

Sources for "bastion forts being "star forts". https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=fXZ1QHRVdJUC&pg=PA3&dq=star+fort&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjq8syjvabRAhXjL8AKHZ9qAcQQ6AEIPjAG#v=onepage&q=star%20fort&f=false

https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=gIQwMY3Nv_YC&pg=PA9&dq=star+fort&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjdjYnpvabRAhVlJsAKHdX3Byo4ChDoAQg-MAc#v=onepage&q=star%20fort&f=false

Slatersteven (talk) 17:21, 3 January 2017 (UTC)

 * For my 2 cents, I've always thought "trace italienne" is a better title, since it seems to be the preferred name in academic works (or it is in my experience, at least). For example, in The Military Revolution Debate: Readings on the Military Transformation of Early Modern Europe, all of the contributors (Rogers, Roberts, Parker, Black, Lynn, among others) refer to the fortifications as trace italienne with the exception of Thomas Arnold, who uses that term and "angle-bastion fortification" interchangeably.
 * And FWIW, I don't consider either of the sources presented above by Slatersteven to be particularly convincing. Parsecboy (talk) 17:30, 3 January 2017 (UTC)

https://www.nps.gov/fomc/learn/historyculture/the-star-fort.htm

http://scbattlegroundtrust.org/star-fort.html

Slatersteven (talk) 17:42, 3 January 2017 (UTC)

 * That museums conflate terms doesn't mean that we should too. While WP:COMMONNAME is worth considering, we should also strive for accuracy. To echo Alan's point above about the distinction between actual star forts and bastion forts/trace italienne, it's worth pointing out that no less an expert than Mahan describes them as distinct types. Parsecboy (talk) 18:06, 3 January 2017 (UTC)

3) A 'star' fort does not necessarily have five bastions

 * While a star does not need to have five points to be considered a star, calling an eight pointed shape a 'star' is a grave misrepresentation of the shape; the general knowledge is that stars are five pointed, sometimes six. A star generally has no more than six points and no less than five. Anything outside of the small range is technically a star, but not generally accepted.

 * A fort like the Venetian city of Palmanova is a nine-pointed star. However, this shape would not be recognized as a star but rather as a enneagram. A fort like Klaipėda Castle is considered a three-pointed star fort, despite a three pointed star not existing. The technically correct name for a shape like this would be simply considered a hexagon, due to the side distinct sides.

 * The term star fort misrepresents bastion fortresses because of the nonexistence of three- and four-pointed stars, and the general idea of a star being five- and six-pointed only.

4)The shape of the fort is inconsistent with the amount of bastions

 * For argument's sake, all forts referenced in this argument are five-bastion fortifications, unless stated otherwise. This is not strong argument, but more of a fallback. Please be more critical of Reason #3.

 * A fort such as Fort Independence (Massachusetts) is considered a five-point star fort because of the five bastions, which seems correct. However, the argument is inconsistent with the shape. The Pentagon, the headquarters of the US Department of Defense, is considered a pentagonal structure. Why? The only difference is the presence of bastions. Another example is the previously stated Palmanova, which is a nine-pointed star fort. However, take away the bastions and you simply have a nonagonal structure... I think that's the correct term. It doesnt make sense.

 * This is a weak argument that probably won't impact anything but it came into my head so I included it anyway.

 * UN$¢_Łuke_1Ø21Repørts 20:05, 3 January 2017 (UTC)

 * Further to that, fortifications that do not describe a complete circuit, such as the Chatham Lines, bear no resemblance to a star, but are certainly bastion forts. Alansplodge (talk) 17:25, 4 January 2017 (UTC)

OK lets at least try and take this somewhere.

Suggestions
These are the names under discussion, lets at least see if we can decide on which which one we will try and get "star fort" moved to. So vote for which one we are going to nominate.Slatersteven (talk) 17:46, 12 January 2017 (UTC)

This discussion is set to close on January 18, 2017 at 17:01 UTC UNSC Luke 1021 (talk)

Shit, I forgot to close this. I guess 'bastion fort' wins, so I'll head it over to the move department. UNSC Luke 1021 (talk) 10:55, 19 January 2017 (UTC)

Bastion Fort

 * Support - It's pretty self explanatory: A fort with bastions. It's also in English and is a widely used term. Trace Italienne is a more formal term, but it's not in English, which may cause a problem when trying to explain it and define it's meaning. UNSC Luke 1021 (talk) 18:26, 12 January 2017 (UTC)
 * Support. Correct me if I'm wrong, but trace Italienne is generally applied to fortifications of the 16th and early 17th century. The term seems to be rarely, if ever, applied to the work of the great Dutch, French and German engineers of the late 17th and 18th century (Vauban, Coehoorn et al) and those that followed them. I don't think anybody would call the mid-19th century Thiers wall a trace Italienne but it certainly is a bastion fortification. Alansplodge (talk) 17:16, 14 January 2017 (UTC)
 * Support as most meaningful to the non-expert (like myself). Concise and descriptive. The other terms suggested are probably meaningless to the layman. • • • Peter (Southwood) (talk): 13:06, 16 January 2017 (UTC)

Trace italienne

 * Support - seems to be the name favored in reliable sources. See for instance GB hits (3,760 for "trace italienne" vs 2,540 for "bastion fort"), or the fact that experts on the subject prefer the term (ex: Parker, Black, Wilson, Showalter, Lynn, and many more). Parsecboy (talk) 18:04, 12 January 2017 (UTC)
 * Support - Supported by multiple academic sources.--Catlemur (talk) 15:15, 14 January 2017 (UTC)

Discussion
To respond to a couple of points made in the voting section above, the term "trace italienne" has been used to describe later fortifications such as those built by Vauban and Coehoorn. See for instance
 * Vauban Under Seige, pp. 25-26 "With [Vauban's] design, Ath became one of the few fortresses to come close to the idealized 'regular' star shape most associated with the modern trace italienne style..."
 * Wars of the Age of Louis XIV, 1650-1715, p. 491 "[Vauban] achieved a new design that was highly successful at resisting artillery and any attacking infantry...the artillery fortress trace incorporated low, angled bastions (first developed in Italy, and hence widely known as 'trace italienne')"
 * Giant of the Grand Siècle: The French Army, 1610-1715, p. 554 "Fascinatingly intricate, indeed beautiful, the trace italienne as brought to its zenith by Vauban would seem to be a dominant piece of military technology."
 * The Oxford History of Modern War, pp. 28-29 "Antonio da Sangallo the Younger, Michele San Michele, Jean Errand de Bar-le-Duc, Sebastien le Prestre de Vauban, and his Dutch contemporary Menno van Coehoorn brought the trace italienne to maturity."
 * War and Society in Early Modern Europe: 1495-1715, p. 35 "The fullest flowering of the military architect's art came came in the seventeenth century with master designers such as Vauban and Coehoorn, but the essential features of the new military architecture, established around 1500, remained unchanged. The superiority of the trace italienne over older styles of fortifications..."

Second, to Peter's comment about the obscurity of "trace italienne", that's not a very good reason to prefer "bastion fortress". If that were part of the naming conventions, we'd have Fly agaric, not Amanita muscaria, for example. We use the term preferred by reliable sources, and no one has made the argument that "bastion fortress" is more prevalent than "trace italienne". Parsecboy (talk) 18:15, 17 January 2017 (UTC)

Requested move 19 January 2017

 * The following is a closed discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

The result of the move request was: Page moved. Used lowercase "fort" per discussion below. --  Dane talk  22:32, 27 January 2017 (UTC)

Star fort → Bastion Fort – Members of WP:MILHIST had a consensus that the name 'star fort' was inappropriate for this fortification, showing why above. Also seen above is the vote between MILHIST members determining the new name for the article, with bastion fort winning 3-0-2. UNSC Luke 1021 (talk) 11:01, 19 January 2017 (UTC)

 * Support per my nomination UNSC Luke 1021 (talk) 11:41, 19 January 2017 (UTC)
 * Oppose I have always known these as star forts, and I think that is what most people will do a search for. I am also not sure consensus is that strong, 3 to do is not really a strong indicator of consensus, as well as they fact that hardly anyone voted (meaning no one (quite frankly my dears) gives a damn.Slatersteven (talk) 11:49, 19 January 2017 (UTC)
 * Support; see 1) and 2) above. Alansplodge (talk) 15:12, 20 January 2017 (UTC)
 * Support per the "Straith" diagram and description discussed above. (But the title should be "Bastion fort" without a capital "F" in "fort".) Roger (Dodger67) (talk) 16:00, 20 January 2017 (UTC)
 * Abstain. As long as Star fort redirects, no user is left behind. A brief observation in the article that a star fort is one type of bastion fort might be appropriate. The f should not be capitalized, of course. Wetman (talk) 16:17, 20 January 2017 (UTC)
 * Oppose capitalizing Fort obviously per WP:NCCAPS. Otherwise  neutral on which word to use. Dicklyon (talk) 21:01, 21 January 2017 (UTC)
 * "Bastioned fort" is more common than "bastion fort". Srnec (talk) 21:11, 21 January 2017 (UTC)
 * Star fort and definitely not capitalised. Andy Dingley (talk) 21:47, 21 January 2017 (UTC)
 * Support I found the discussion fascinating, and as always in these cases there's no right or wrong. I'll trend for bastion fort cause, at least from what I got, a star fort was always a bastion fort but not every bastion fort was a star fort, so it seems more comprehensive. Bertdrunk (talk) 18:12, 24 January 2017 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page or in a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

Should article references to "star fort" wikilink to here?
I was editing Ninety Six, South Carolina, which described the fortification there as a "star fort" (unlinked). I gather from the discussion here that editors versed in the matter concluded that "star fort" and "bastion fort" are two different things. Lacking a separate Star fort article to link to, I did a piped link to Bastion fort. Is there a better approach? JamesMLane t c 00:20, 3 December 2018 (UTC)

title: Talk:Bastion fort


text:
Gao Xiumin (actress)

Gao Xiumin (1959 (age 46) – 18 August 2005) was a Chinese comedy actress.

She was a regular at the CCTV New Year's Galas, and was famous in partnership with Zhao Benshan and Fan Wei. She played Ding Xiang in Chinese TV Series "Liu Laogen".

She died from heart disease in 2005.

title: Gao Xiumin (actress)


text:
User talk:BookCrosser

BC Rocks! BookCrosser 23:23, 19 August 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:BookCrosser


text:
National parish

National parish is a type of Catholic parish distinguished by liturgical rites or nationality of the congregation; it is found within a diocese or particular Church, which includes other types of parishes in the same geographical area, each parish being unique. A national parish is distinguished from the commonly known type of parish, the territorial parish, which serves a territory subject to the exclusive jurisdiction of the territorial parish priest. A national parish is an ecclesiastic subdivision which serves a community of people but is not necessarily a geographic subdivision.

Background
National parishes housed in national churches in Rome have existed for centuries to meet the spiritual needs of people both temporarily or permanently residing in Rome and those visiting Rome on pilgrimage. For example, the Church of Santa Susanna served both as a titular church and the national parish for Americans until 2017, when it was replaced by San Patrizio a Villa Ludovisi.

National parishes were first established in North America in the late 18th century, to meet the needs of immigrants not speaking the language of the majority population. The first national parish in North America was Holy Trinity German National Parish, founded in 1788 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Father Raymond A. Schroth, SJ, wrote in a 2002 National Catholic Reporter article about trusteeism that, "national parishes, particularly German and Polish, who brought over European traditions of the laypeople establishing and directing the parish," have strongly represented the voice of the laity in the church.

The U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops, when covering Pope Benedict XVI's 2008 visit to the United States, identified two historically significant national parishes: Holy Trinity Church, in Philadelphia, established in 1789 as both the first national parish in the United States and the first to serve German-speaking Catholics; and, Saint Benedict the Moor's Church, in New York, established in 1883 as the first mission parish to serve African-American Catholics north of the Mason-Dixon line.

As city populations changed, sometimes national parishes were merged into one church as population declines caused church closings. For instance, in Little Falls, New York, former national parishes for Italian, Polish and other immigrant groups have been closed. The Catholic community now worships in one church, renamed after the Holy Family. It is the largest physical church and had been founded as St. Patrick's by Irish Catholic immigrants, the first of waves of immigrants to this small city in the 19th and 20th centuries.

In a 2009 National Catholic Reporter article about the resignation of Bishop Joseph Francis Martino of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Scranton, Pennsylvania, Jerry Filteau noted the diocese's history of establishing national parishes for Polish people, Italians, Irish and other Catholic immigrant groups who arrived in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He attributed failure by an earlier Irish-American bishop to be sensitive to the Polish national parish as being the catalyst for the separation of the Polish National Catholic Church in Scranton.

George Gregory wrote in 2010 about the establishment of a new national parish designated for Hispanics in the Philadelphia archdiocese, noting that "national parishes serve particular ethnic communities, as opposed to territorial parishes, which serve a geographic area of an archdiocese or a diocese." He said that the new parish was the 32nd national parish in the Archdiocese of Philadelphia. The parish was established as St. Rocco Parish in Avondale, Pennsylvania, in southern Chester County, where a large number of Latinos have moved in recent years. Parish members are primarily Mexican, but some are Puerto Rican, Colombian, Argentinian, or have other Latin American backgrounds. As of 2010, the Philadelphia archdiocese had "13 Italian parishes, nine Polish parishes, three Slovak parishes, three Lithuanian parishes, two German parishes, and one Korean parish."

title: National parish


text:
Talk:God's Learning Channel

Authorisation
I authorize use of this text
 * This is not really an adequate authorization. Only the copyright holder (usually the original author) can authorize use of this text. If you are the copyright holder, you need to say something like "As of August 19, 2005, I, (your name here), the holder of the copyright on material from (original place), authorize the release of this text under the GFDL." Note that Wikipedia does not accept material that is not freely redistributable under the GFDL, which can include commercial use. However, Wikipedia also does not accept advertisements, and this seems to be one. So I am not going to push for a detailed authorization. FreplySpang (talk) 23:40, August 19, 2005 (UTC)

 * As of August 22, 2005 - God's Learning Channel has reviewed the entry on Wikipedia and found it to be not a violation of any copyright infringements. Text on our web site can be copied freely and without penalty. Grahics, design, and coding however are subject otherwise.

 * user:txgeekgirl - Webmaster - GLC - God's Learning Channel

title: Talk:God's Learning Channel


text: User:BookCrosser

title: User:BookCrosser


text: Category:People from Chiba Prefecture

title: Category:People from Chiba Prefecture