text:
Alexander Shirvanzade

Alexander Minasi Movsisian (Ալեքսանդր Մինասի Մովսիսեան; 18 April 1858 – 7 August 1935), better known by his pen name Alexander Shirvanzadeh (Ալեքսանդր Շիրվանզադէ) was an Armenian playwright and novelist.

History
Alexander Movsisian was born on 18 April 1858, into a tailor's family in Shamakhi, the center of the province of Shirvan (then Shemakha Governorate, Russian Empire, modern-day Azerbaijan) and later adopted the Persian-inspired pen-name Shirvanzade ("son of Shirvan"). He brought to fruition the social realist school blossoming in the Caucasus and particularly in Azerbaijan promoted by the philosopher and playwright Mirza Fatali Akhundov. At the age of 17, Shirvanzade went to work in the city of Baku, whose fortunes were beginning to rise with the boom in oil production. He immersed himself in Armenian, Azeri and Russian literature as well as reading Stendhal, Balzac, Flaubert, Zola and Shakespeare, his greatest love.

Working first as a clerk and then as an accountant for oil companies, Shirvanzade saw first-hand the social impact of industrialized oil production. He turned his shock and anger into a literature of protest, writing in many genres: novels, plays, short stories, and newspaper articles.

His political (as a member of the Hunchakian party) and literary activities resulted in his imprisonment in Tiflis, an experience which led to his masterpiece, Chaos (1896–97). Returning to Baku, he became increasingly interested in women's issues, as shown in his play Evgine about women's suffrage, and Did She Have the Right? Shirvanzade's concerns with capitalism and feminism fuse in his drama, Namus ("Honor", 1904). In 1916, Maxim Gorky wrote that Shirvanzade's works "were known and read not only in the Caucasus but also in England, in the Scandinavian Peninsula, and Italy."

In his later years, Shirvanzade lived abroad, finally returning permanently to the USSR in 1926 and became a member of the Union of Azerbaijani Writers. He died in Kislovodsk in 1935, and was buried in Komitas Pantheon which is located in the city center of Yerevan.

Books

 * Chaos (1898), a novel describing the life of a large industrial city
 * Char ogi ("The Evil Spirit"), a novel about an epileptic woman.
 * Namus (1911), a play about the ill fate of two lovers, who were engaged by their families to each other since childhood, but because of violations of namus (a tradition of honor), the girl was married by her father to another person.

Legacy
Several of Shirvanzade's works were adapted into films in Soviet Armenia: Namus in 1925, Char ogi in 1927, Patvi hamar in 1956, Morgani khnamin ("Morgan's In-law") in 1970, and Chaos in 1973. A street and a school in Yerevan are named after him, as well as a theater in Kapan.

Quotes
Source: Ara Baliozian
 * "The esthetic judgment of our people has been corrupted. What we need is a literary periodical that will explain to us what exactly is this thing called literature. "
 * "The narrow partisan propaganda line that is espoused by our press is the enemy of all literature."
 * "You cannot be both a writer and a political activist. Those who say you can, have no conception of what literature really is."

title: Alexander Shirvanzade


text: User talk:222.117.93.129

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User talk:222.117.93.129


text:
List of cyclists

This is an incomplete list of professional racing cyclists, sorted alphabetically by decade in which they won their first major race.

Cyclists by country

 * 🇬🇧 List of British cyclists
 * List of Dutch cyclists

Of the 1880s

 * Frank Bowden
 * Thomas Stevens
 * Alfred Tipper

Of the 1890s

 * Georgios Aspiotis
 * Edward Battell
 * Hélène Dutrieu
 * Léon Flameng
 * August von Gödrich
 * Bert Harris
 * Miltiades Iatrou
 * Georgios Koletis
 * Aristidis Konstantinidis
 * Konstantinos Konstantinou
 * Charles "Mile-a-Minute" Murphy was the first man ever to ride a bicycle for one mile in less than a minute. He performed this feat in 1899 by drafting behind a Long Island Rail Road boxcar between Farmingdale and Babylon on Long Island.
 * Dora Rinehart
 * Major Taylor (26 November 1878 – 21 June 1932) was an American cyclist who won the world 1 mile (1.6 km) track cycling championship in 1899 after setting numerous world records and overcoming racial discrimination. Taylor was the first African-American athlete to achieve the level of world champion and only the second black man to win a world championship—after Canadian boxer George Dixon.
 * Frank E. Weaver

Of the 1900s

 * Aloïs Catteau
 * Henri Cornet
 * Thorvald Ellegaard
 * Maurice Garin
 * Marie Marvingt
 * Ernest Payne
 * Lucien Petit-Breton
 * René Pottier

Of the 1910s

 * Jean Alavoine
 * Marcel Buysse
 * Eugène Christophe
 * Oscar Egg
 * Frederick Grubb
 * Firmin Lambot
 * Rudolph "Okey" Lewis
 * Henri Pélissier
 * Fritz Schallwig (1890–1916), champion German cyclist. He was born on 7 May 1890 in Spandau in Berlin, Germany and was killed in World War I.
 * Carl Schutte
 * Philippe Thys

Of the 1920s

 * Honoré Barthélémy
 * Alfredo Binda
 * Ottavio Bottecchia
 * Lucien Buysse
 * Giovanni Brunero
 * Tullio Campagnolo
 * Fernand Canteloube
 * Gösta Carlsson
 * Michael Collins
 * Maurice De Waele
 * Nicolas Frantz
 * Costante Girardengo
 * René Hamel
 * Hector Heusghem
 * Henri Hoevenaers
 * Lucien Michard
 * Piet Moeskops
 * Henri Pélissier
 * Léon Scieur
 * Félix Sellier
 * Frank Southall
 * Harry Stenqvist
 * Alfonsina Strada

Of the 1930s

 * Gino Bartali
 * Charles Holland
 * Roger Lapébie
 * Leonard Maffei
 * Jef Scherens
 * Kurt Stöpel
 * Lucien Vlaemynck

Of the 1940s

 * Gino Bartali
 * Pierre Brambilla
 * Fausto Coppi
 * Édouard Fachleitner
 * Reg Harris
 * Guy Lapébie
 * Fiorenzo Magni
 * André Mahé
 * Jacques Marinelli
 * Jean Robic
 * Briek Schotte
 * Gerrit Voorting
 * Eileen Sheridan

Of the 1950s

 * Federico Bahamontes
 * Ercole Baldini
 * Louison Bobet
 * Ray Booty
 * Fausto Coppi
 * Wim van Est
 * Charly Gaul
 * Raphaël Géminiani
 * Ted Jorgensen (unicyclist)
 * Hugo Koblet
 * Ferdy Kübler
 * Lucien Lazaridès
 * Fiorenzo Magni
 * Antonio Maspes
 * Stan Ockers
 * Rik Van Looy
 * Gerrit Voorting
 * Roger Walkowiak
 * Eileen Sheridan
 * Galina Yermolayeva

Of the 1960s

 * Lucien Aimar
 * Jacques Anquetil
 * Beryl Burton
 * Evert Dolman
 * Seamus Elliott
 * Felice Gimondi
 * Barry Hoban
 * Jan Janssen
 * Jean-Marie Leblanc
 * Daniel Morelon
 * Raymond Poulidor
 * Tom Simpson
 * Galina Tsareva
 * Michael Wright
 * Bart Zoet

Of the 1970s

 * Alf Engers
 * Erik De Vlaeminck
 * Roger De Vlaeminck
 * Gary Fisher
 * Cyrille Guimard
 * Lutz Hesslich
 * Bernard Hinault
 * John Howard
 * Freddy Maertens
 * Eddy Merckx
 * Francesco Moser
 * Koichi Nakano
 * Walter Planckaert
 * Jan Raas
 * Martín Emilio Rodríguez
 * Bernard Thévenet
 * Lothar Thoms
 * Lucien Van Impe

Of the 1980s

 * Frankie Andreu
 * Pedro Delgado
 * Laurent Fignon
 * Todd Gogulski
 * Andrew Hampsten
 * Luis Herrera
 * Michael Hübner
 * Sean Kelly
 * Greg LeMond
 * Jeannie Longo
 * Bob Mionske
 * Connie Paraskevin
 * Fabio Parra
 * Davis Phinney
 * Walter Planckaert
 * Stephen Roche
 * Bob Roll
 * Erika Salumäe
 * Giuseppe Saronni
 * Rebecca Twigg
 * Eric Vanderaerden

Of the 1990s

 * Djamolidine Abdoujaparov
 * Niki Aebersold
 * Frankie Andreu
 * Lance Armstrong
 * Félicia Ballanger
 * Michele Bartoli
 * Joseba Beloki
 * Chris Boardman
 * Johan Bruyneel
 * Francesco Casagrande
 * Fabio Casartelli
 * Ángel Casero
 * Mario Cipollini
 * Ludo Dierckxsens
 * Jens Fiedler
 * Fernando Escartín
 * Laurent Gané
 * Niki Gudex
 * Tyler Hamilton
 * Roger Hammond
 * George Hincapie
 * Tristan Hoffman
 * Miguel Induráin
 * Laurent Jalabert
 * Shane Kelly
 * Kevin Livingston
 * Olaf Ludwig
 * Bob Mionske
 * Christophe Moreau
 * Graeme Obree
 * Abraham Olano
 * Marco Pantani
 * Bjarne Riis
 * Fred Rompelberg
 * Florian Rousseau
 * Marco Serpellini
 * Marla Streb
 * Rolf Sørensen
 * Andrea Tafi
 * Pavel Tonkov
 * Arnaud Tournant
 * Rebecca Twigg
 * Jan Ullrich
 * Kathy Watt
 * Diana Žiliūtė

Of the 2000s

 * Kristin Armstrong
 * Lance Armstrong (now stripped of Tour de France medals)
 * Judith Arndt
 * Emilie Aubry
 * Dede Barry
 * Ivan Basso
 * Grégory Baugé
 * Mark Beaumont
 * Lyne Bessette
 * Paolo Bettini
 * Michael Boogerd
 * Tom Boonen
 * Santiago Botero
 * Fabian Cancellara
 * Sara Carrigan**
 * Mark Cavendish
 * Alberto Contador
 * Nicole Cooke
 * Katheryn Curi
 * Gunn-Rita Dahle
 * Tom Danielson
 * Mike Day
 * Ellen van Dijk (NED), multiple road and track world champion
 * Alex Dowsett
 * Alison Dunlap
 * Chris Eatough
 * Cadel Evans
 * Niki Gudex
 * Liz Hatch
 * George Hincapie
 * Chris Horner
 * Chris Hoy
 * Thor Hushovd
 * Timothy Jones
 * Bobby Julich
 * Jill Kintner
 * Andreas Klöden
 * Floyd Landis
 * Levi Leipheimer
 * Danny MacAskill
 * Kaarle McCulloch
 * Anna Meares
 * Axel Merckx
 * Rune Monstad
 * Johan Museeuw
 * Andris Naudužs
 * Manfred Nepp
 * Stefan Nimke
 * Adrien Niyonshuti
 * Stuart O'Grady
 * Joseph M. Papp
 * Victoria Pendleton
 * Taylor Phinney
 * Jeremy Powers
 * Jennie Reed
 * Mark Renshaw
 * Donny Robinson
 * Peter Sagan
 * Andy Schleck
 * Fränk Schleck
 * Alexandr Shefer
 * Marla Streb
 * Jan Ullrich
 * Sarah Ulmer
 * Rigoberto Urán
 * Alejandro Valverde
 * Tejay van Garderen
 * Jonathan Vaughters
 * Alexander Vinokourov
 * Richard Virenque
 * Jens Voigt
 * Marianne Vos
 * Sam Whittingham
 * Bradley Wiggins
 * Erik Zabel
 * David Zabriskie
 * Leontien Zijlaard-Van Moorsel
 * Grant Potter

Of the 2010s

 * Julian Alaphilippe
 * Roy van den Berg
 * Matthijs Büchli
 * Chris Froome
 * Jeffrey Hoogland
 * Harrie Lavreysen
 * Filippo Ganna
 * François Pervis
 * Nairo Quintana
 * Primož Roglič
 * Geraint Thomas
 * Kristina Vogel
 * Miriam Welte
 * Adam Yates

Of the 2020s

 * João Almeida
 * Wout van Aert
 * Egan Bernal
 * Remco Evenepoel
 * Mikhail Iakovlev
 * Tadej Pogačar
 * Mathieu van der Poel
 * Jonas Vingegaard
 * Sepp Kuss
 * Olav Kooij

title: List of cyclists


text:
William Trent Rossell

William Trent Rossell (1849–1919) was the Engineer Commissioner of the District of Columbia.

Biography
He was born in Mount Vernon, Alabama on October 11, 1849, the son and grandson of Army officers, and he graduated third in the United States Military Academy class of 1873. Commissioned in the Corps of Engineers, he served until 1880 at Willets Point and as Assistant Professor of Engineering at the Military Academy. He then engaged in river, harbor, and fortification work in regions around Portland, Maine; Jacksonville, Florida; and Vicksburg, Mississippi. Rossell served in 1891-93 as the Engineer Commissioner on the three-member governing board of the District of Columbia. After briefly commanding the Battalion of Engineers, he led Mobile District for six years. He then supervised lighthouse construction and repair in the New York area and, later, Ohio River improvements. He was a member of the Mississippi River Commission from 1906 to 1913, as well as Central Division Engineer in 1908-09 and Eastern Division Engineer in 1909–13. He retired October 11, 1913, but was recalled to active service in 1917. He led the Third New York and Puerto Rico districts and was Northeast Division Engineer. He again retired in 1918. He died October 11, 1919, in New Brighton, New York.

title: William Trent Rossell


text:
Birkhoff

Birkhoff is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

 * George David Birkhoff (1884–1944), American mathematician
 * Garrett Birkhoff (1911–1996), American mathematician, son of George D.

title: Birkhoff


text: User talk:66.65.76.15

title: User talk:66.65.76.15


title: File:Tempts-greatest-vol1.jpg


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Innocent Cabbage

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete. - Mailer Diablo 05:55, 3 September 2005 (UTC)

Innocent Cabbage
vanity and advertising Scott Davis Talk 05:01, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete; nn | Celcius 05:18, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. ad. Nateji77 05:24, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete per Scott Davis. --maclean25 06:09, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Ambi 07:58, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. --Cyberjunkie | Talk 10:49, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, musical vanity. IINAG 15:29, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Dottore So 18:40, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Non-notable. *drew 23:02, 27 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Quickly Avalon 04:26, 28 August 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Sacre Bleu!

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete. - Mailer Diablo 05:55, 3 September 2005 (UTC)

Sacre Bleu!
Vanity and advertising Scott Davis Talk 05:02, 26 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete per nom. --Mysidia (talk) 05:03, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * '''Delete; nn | Celcius 05:18, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Ambi 07:58, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete--Cyberjunkie | Talk 10:49, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, musical vanity. IINAG 15:27, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Dottore So 18:40, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Non-notable. *drew 23:01, 27 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Vain, non-notable. Avalon 04:25, 28 August 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Very vocabulary

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete. - Mailer Diablo 05:55, 3 September 2005 (UTC)

Very vocabulary and VeryVocabulary.com
Not notable. Delete. brenneman (t) (c) 05:02, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete; nn | Celcius 05:19, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. We've gone through nn web sites, nn blogs, and now I guess we get nn podcasts. Inevitable. MCB 06:25, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete not notable. --GraemeL (talk) 10:18, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. *drew 23:01, 27 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. nn. -- DS1953 01:10, August 28, 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Dan Christie Kingman

Dan Christie Kingman (March 6, 1852 – November 14, 1916) was an officer in the United States Army who served as Chief of Engineers from 1913 to 1916.

Early life
Kingman was born in Dover, New Hampshire on March 6, 1852. His father was John William Kingman (1821-1903), and his mother was Mary Spaulding Christie (1825- 1866). His 7th great grandparents were Mayflower passengers John Howland and Elizabeth Tilley, and his 5th great grandfather was Mayflower passenger Resolved White. He was married to Eugenia Jennings (1852- 1930), with whom he had four sons: Dan Christie Kingman Jr. (1879-1918), Colonel Ralph Willcox Kingman (1880-1950), Brigadier General John Jennings Kingman (1882-1948), and Lieutenant Frederick Eustis Kingman (1888-1915).

Military career
Entering the United States Military Academy, Kingman graduated second in the class of 1875 and was commissioned in the Corps of Engineers. He served as an instructor at the Military Academy and as the engineer officer of the Army's Department of the Platte based at Fort Omaha. In 1883, he began the construction of roads and bridges in the new Yellowstone National Park. Kingman Pass on the Grand Loop Road between Mammoth Hot Springs and Norris is named for him.

Kingman directed improvements along the lower Mississippi River in 1886-90 and received the thanks of the Louisiana legislature for "splendid service rendered" during the 1890 flood. He oversaw harbor and fortification work on Lake Ontario in 1891-95 and improvements on the Tennessee River in the last half of that decade. In the latter assignment he initiated planning for federal cost-sharing with private hydroelectric-power investors for a lock and dam built below Chattanooga. Kingman oversaw substantial harbor improvements at Cleveland in 1901-05 and headed the Corps' Savannah District and Southeast Division in 1906-13. The Panama Canal was completed while he was Chief of Engineers. He retired from the army on March 6, 1916.

Later life
Kingman died November 14, 1916, in Atlantic City, New Jersey. He was buried with high military honors in Arlington National Cemetery. Among the pallbearers were Chief of Staff General Hugh L. Scott and two former Chiefs of Engineers, Generals Mackenzie and Bixby.

title: Dan Christie Kingman


text:
Wikipedia talk:Graphics Lab/Map workshop/Archive 01

Image "sources"
Are there any methods in place to make images like maps available in some "source" format, so that other people can more easily edit them? A finished PNG image, for example, is usually pretty difficult to change, but the source format (like a Photoshop document) or maybe a vector-based format (like SVG) would facilitate community-wide image editing, instead of relying on the original creator of the image to make changes. It could also give us a way to instantly resize the image to different dimensions if needed, or to change map labels to another language while maintaining consistency of style, or to make other such modifications. —Bkell 05:03, 26 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Wow, this comment is in entirely the wrong spot. Sorry about that. And it looks like this issue has already been raised over here. So never mind. I'll go lurk over there now. —Bkell 05:10, 26 August 2005 (UTC)

Organization
I've done a little bit of reorganizing, seperating out improvement requests from new maps, and moving city locator requests to the batch section. I've also crossed out requests that appear to have been filled. If I've miscategorized something feel free to move it. Kmusser 17:06, 22 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Thanks for sorting that out. Cheers! --ΜιĿːtalk 11:44, 24 March 2006 (UTC)

Templated maps
I've come up with a way to mark places on maps with a template, i.e. without making a new image for every town or village. The demo is at User:Zocky/TempLab. If this is something we want, I can start making appropriate templates. Zocky | picture popups 11:41, 13 May 2006 (UTC)

 * Very nice, I think that would be worthwhile. Kmusser 14:32, 15 May 2006 (UTC)

Countries
I've started in on Beland's countries request. I'm finding many of these articles already had maps that have been removed sometime in the past and I'm just restoring them. While I'm at it does anyone what to chime in on where in the article these maps should go? For now I'm putting the locator map in the infobox and the general map in the geography section if it exists. Kmusser 20:50, 11 December 2006 (UTC)
 * Taking a break from these until after the holidays, if someone else wants'to finish them feel free - for the most part the maps already exist and just need to be linked into the articles.Kmusser
 * I've halted work on this until the mess over at Wikipedia_talk:WikiProject_Countries has been resolved. Kmusser 20:27, 10 January 2007 (UTC)
 * For Pakistan why can't we use []? gppande (talk) 08:28, 20 February 2008 (UTC)
 * Sarayuparin was probably hoping for an SVG version of that, I think using that one in the meantime is fine. Kmusser (talk) 11:39, 20 February 2008 (UTC)

Google Maps?
Can we use Google Earth/Maps to get the maps from? 0L1  Talk   Contribs  11:46 18/12/2006 (UTC)

 * No, those are copyrighted. --Golbez 13:01, 18 December 2006 (UTC)

 * That makes it much harder then... 0L1   Talk   Contribs  15:53 18/12/2006 (UTC)

Maps of Japan
The project page requests maps of cities in Japan. Many Japanese cities, towns and villages have maps on the Japanese Wikipedia. Some of these are on Commons, for example, Image:福島県二本松市県内位置図.svg (Nihonmatsu, Fukushima: one of the cities requested in the Project page). Others are on the Japanese Wikipedia but have GFDL licenses and can be moved to Commons. For example, see ja:美東町 for Mito, Yamaguchi (the other town requested — did you really mean that Mito, or did you mean Mito, Ibaraki?). If anyone needs further information about a map of a specific community, please feel free to contact me on my talk page or to query the community at Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Japan. Fg2 06:58, 1 February 2007 (UTC)

Help create a manual of style for maps and diagrams
Right now it seems that Wikipedia provides no guidance on the best practices for creating maps and diagrams. These types of images are rapidly proliferating on Wikipedia. In fact, the Wikimedia Foundation has just started a grant program to pay illustrators to add new diagrams to articles in need. It would be nice if most of these additions followed similar styles and conventions instead of continually reinventing the wheel (with various degrees of success). Although I don't believe Wikipedia needs to enforce one particular style on all maps and diagram, there are some helpful conventions that I think we should put into writing somewhere. Image use policy doesn't seem like the appropriate place for this, so I've decided to be bold and create a proposed Manual of Style page for maps and diagrams. Right now it is mostly blank as I would like to know what suggestions the Wikipedia community has to offer. Feel free to hop over there and edit it to your heart's content or add ideas to the talk page. Thanks! Kaldari 01:13, 13 November 2007 (UTC)

Orphans?
Would anyone have any heartache if I deleted the orphans section and renamed the page to just "Requested maps", the discussion there has become obsolete. Kmusser (talk) 16:49, 25 August 2008 (UTC)


text:
Russophilia

Russophilia is the admiration and fondness of Russia (including the era of the Soviet Union and/or the Russian Empire), Russian history, and Russian culture. The antonym is Russophobia. In the 19th century, Russophilia was often linked to variants of pan-Slavism, since the Russian Empire and autonomous Serbia were the only two Slavic sovereign states during and after the Springtime of Nations.

Armenia
The Armenian Revolutionary Federation, Republican Party of Armenia and Prosperous Armenia are the main Pro-Russian political parties in Armenia.

Belarus
Belarus has close political and economic ties with Russia, both being part of the Union State, the Collective Security Treaty Organization, the Commonwealth of Independent States, and the Eurasian Economic Union, due to their shared Soviet heritage.

Following the 2020-2021 Belarusian protests and the Russian invasion of Ukraine, many observers have described Belarus as a Russian puppet state or a satellite state.

China
The People's Republic of China under the leadership of the Communist Party has supported the Russian Federation closely following international sanctions after Russia invaded Ukraine. China has had close ties with the Soviet Union prior to the Sino-Soviet split, owing to ideological kinship between the two communist states.

Previous anti-Russian sentiment in China has greatly downgraded, due to perceived common anti-Western sentiment among Russian and Chinese nationalists. Ethnic Russians are one of the 56 ethnic groups officially recognized by the People's Republic of China.

According to a 2019 survey by the Pew Research Center, 71% of Russians have a favourable view of China. A YouGov survey conducted in the same year found that 71% of the Chinese think Russia has a positive effect on world affairs.

During the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, many social media users in China showed sympathy for Russian narratives due in part to distrust of US foreign policy. According to a survey conducted by the Carter Center China Focus in April 2022, approximately 75% of respondents agreed that supporting Russia in the war in Ukraine was in China's best interest. In the first days of the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the nationalistic Little Pink movement drew international attention for their role in contributing to the mostly pro-war, pro-Russia sentiments on the Chinese internet.

Finland
The Communist movement in Finland during the Cold War inclined towards pro-Soviet tendencies, of which the Taistoist movement was especially pro-Soviet.

The Finnish political party Power Belongs to the People (VKK) was unique in its strong support of Russia, being the only pro-Russian party in Finland as of 2022. It protested against sanctions on Russia and supported the 2022 invasion of Ukraine. The party has since dissasociated from the connections to Russia after Ano Turtiainen was replaced by Antti Asikainen. The Finnish political activist Johan Bäckman is known for his pro-Russian views and he has recruited Finns to fight for Russia in the war with Ukraine. Bäckman later joined the VKK, led by Ano Turtiainen. Some members of the Finns Party also held pro-Russian views.

Germany
German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche described Russia as "the only power that has durability in it, which can wait, which can still produce something... the antithesis of that pitiable European petty-state politics and nervousness, with which the foundation of the German Reich has entered its crucial phase..." in his 1895 book The Antichrist

India
A poll conducted in summer 2022 shows that Indians most frequently named Russia their most trusted partner, with 43% naming Russia as such compared to 27% who named the US.

Indonesia
Support for Russia remains high among Indonesians, owing to Moscow's perceived ties to Muslims and the Muslim world. Public animosity towards the West has resulted from the wars waged in Afghanistan and Iraq by the US and its allies, and their perceived neglectful treatment of the Palestinians in the territories occupied by Israel.

Some Indonesians have positively compared support for Russian president Vladimir Putin in the Russo-Ukrainian War to support for former president Suharto in the Indonesian invasion of East Timor. Russophiles are also found among the political left, who support Russia due to inaugural Indonesian president Sukarno's closeness to the Soviet Union. Pro-Russian sentiment is especially strong among members of the governing Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle, led by Sukarno's daughter Megawati Sukarnoputri, who publicly criticized Ukraine and president Volodymyr Zelenskyy.

Iran
According to a December 2018 survey by IranPoll, 63.8% of Iranians have a favorable view of Russia.

Romania
Diana Șoșoacă, a prominent figure in S.O.S. Romania, has garnered significant support on the social media platform Telegram. Many of her supporters on the platform express Russophile sentiments.

Serbia
Russia is popular in Serbia, and many Serbs have traditionally seen Russia as a close ally due to shared Slavic heritage, culture, and the Orthodox faith. According to the European Council on Foreign Relations, 54% of Serbians see Russia as an ally. In comparison, 11% see the European Union as an ally, and only 6% see the United States in the same manner.

During the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, People's Patrol, a far-right group, organized pro-Russian rallies in Belgrade, which were attended by 4,000 people.

In 2017, the inhabitants of the Serbian village of Adžinci renamed their village Putinovo, in honor of Vladimir Putin.

Ukraine
Following Ukrainian independence in 1991, in the 1991 Ukrainian independence referendum 92% (including 55% of ethnic Russians) voted for independence from Moscow, but some Ukrainians, mostly in the east and south of the country, voted to see a more Russophile attitude of the government, ranging from closer economic partnership to full national union. Russia and Ukraine had especially close economic ties, and the Russophilic political party, the Party of Regions, became the largest party in the Verkhovna Rada in the 2006 Ukrainian parliamentary election, receiving 33% of the votes. It would remain a dominant force in Ukrainian politics, until the 2014 Revolution of Dignity. Following the 2014 Russian military intervention in Ukraine, the overall attitude of Ukrainians towards Russia and Russians has become much more negative, with most Ukrainians favoring NATO and European Union membership. Their views on Russia would further become even more negative following the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.

A survey by the Kyiv International Institute of Sociology in 2016 found that 67% of Ukrainians had a positive attitude to Russians, but that only 8% had a positive attitude to the Russian government.

41% of Ukrainians had a "good" attitude towards Russians (42% negatively), while in general 54% of Russians had a positive attitude towards Ukraine, according to an October 2021 poll of the country's population.

United Kingdom
According to an interview made by the Ukrainian "Rada" TV channel, former Prime Minister of the United Kingdom Boris Johnson is a Russophile, admiring Russian language and culture, even after the Russian invasion of Ukraine.

United States
Many members of the Republican Party in the United States express positive views on Russia. A 2017 poll highlighted that around 32% of respondents had favorable views of Russian president Vladimir Putin. Following the Russian invasion of Ukraine, these numbers surged. A YouGov poll found nearly 62% of Republicans preferred Vladimir Putin over Joe Biden, noting that the former was a stronger leader than the latter. Many notable Republicans, including former President Donald Trump, television presenter Tucker Carlson, and incumbent Georgia Representative Marjorie Taylor Greene have all expressed admiration for Russia and its leaders.

Vietnam
Favorable perceptions of Russia in Vietnam have 83% of Vietnamese people viewing Russia's influence positively in 2017. This stems from historic Soviet support of Vietnam during the Vietnam War.

title: Russophilia


text:
Reunion (American TV series)

Reunion is an American drama television series that aired on Fox in late 2005. The series was intended to chronicle 20 years in the lives of a group of six high school friends from Bedford, New York, with each episode following one year in the lives of the six, beginning with their high school graduation year 1986. Each episode also featured scenes in the present where Detective Marjorino (Mathew St. Patrick) is investigating the brutal murder of one of the group during the night of their 20-year class reunion in 2006. The identity of the murder victim was not revealed until the fifth episode, "1990".

Due to low ratings, the series was canceled after only nine episodes (four more episodes had been ordered but were not aired in the US), and the identity of the killer remained unrevealed in the aired episodes.

Main

 * Dave Annable as Aaron Lewis, slight geek who left MIT to sell technology and start an Internet company in its early days that blossomed into a multimillion-dollar company. His marriage to Pascal is compromised by his obvious lifelong affection for Carla.
 * Alexa Davalos as Dr. Samantha Carlton, Craig's high school sweetheart and wife.
 * Sean Faris as Craig Brewster, spoiled son of real estate mogul Russell Brewster and future politician.
 * Will Estes as Will Malloy, Craig's best friend, Sam's secret admirer, and the father of Sam's secret daughter Amy. In early episodes, we learn that Will is a priest in the present time. After taking the rap for Craig for a DUI in 1986, Will goes to prison for manslaughter and was released in 1987 for good behavior, then worked for Craig's father in real estate before helping the FBI bring him down in 1989, later enlisting in the Army in 1990, shipping out to Kuwait as a part of the first Gulf War. After being discharged, he enrolls in law school.
 * Chyler Leigh as Carla Noll, Aaron's best friend and hidden secret admirer for years, who entered into an abusive relationship with Amy's adopted father as Amy's nanny, and an aspiring photographer.
 * Amanda Righetti as Jenna Moretti, the "hot girl" who enjoyed 15 minutes of fame in the late 1980s/early 1990s as an actress in Los Angeles before moving back to New York and attempting to get her life back on track.
 * Mathew St. Patrick as Detective Kenneth Marjorino, who is investigating the brutal murder of one of the group during the night of their 20-year class reunion. Although his motives are initially secret, viewers quickly learn that Marjorino has harbored a 20-year grudge against Will Malloy, Craig Brewster, and their friends for what he perceives to be unfulfilled justice for the death of his father in a car crash that also involved a car occupied by Will and Craig.

Recurring

 * Gregory Harrison as Russell Brewster, Craig's father who harbors hatred towards Will for betraying him and sending him to prison.
 * Gina Holden as Rachel Scofield, Craig's secretary and mistress.
 * Camille Sullivan as Meghan Phillips, adoptive mother of Samantha's daughter.
 * George Newbern as Paul Phillips, Meghan's husband and Carla's lover with abusive tendencies.
 * Wendy Glenn as Pascale, Craig's French lover from Prague and a mother of their daughter.

Other plotlines

 * In "1988", viewers learn Marjorino's connection to the friends: his loving father was the driver who died in the car crash involving Will and Craig in 1986. Marjorino harbors intense feelings of injustice and largely believes that his father's killer has murdered the deceased friend. Originally vindictive towards Will, he soon turns his attention to Craig.
 * In the fifth episode, "1990" (first aired November 10, 2005) it was revealed that Samantha is the character that was killed.
 * In "1992", it was revealed that the present day Craig Brewster, who relies on a wheelchair for movement, is actually not paralyzed and can walk.
 * In "1992", it was revealed that a younger Marjorino in fact plotted to kill Will Malloy for the murder of his father, only to be talked out of it by his future wife. In the present day, however, Marjorino's wife leaves him, disgusted that he cannot let go of revenge.
 * In "1993", it was revealed that Peter, Carla's husband, died.
 * The final aired episode, "1994", features a cliffhanger where Marjorino is run down by a car in an alley and left bloodied and injured. Leaked spoilers on the Internet have speculated that Craig and Sam's son Henry was the driver.
 * A dark secret involving Craig and Will, in which Will took the heat for a drunk driving incident when Craig was actually driving the car, since his BAC was below the legal limit. The other man involved, Marjorino's father, died after being discharged, and Will spent a year in prison and lost his lacrosse scholarship after being made an example by the legal system.
 * The love triangle between Craig, Sam, and Will, complicated by the child that only Sam knows was fathered by Will.
 * The obvious love of Carla and Aaron, who can never be on the same page at the same time.
 * Aaron's one night stand and the love child that resulted from it, leading to his marriage to her mother, Pascal.
 * Carla becoming the nanny of Will and Sam's love child, Amy, to keep Sam in her life, and her ensuing relationship with Paul, Amy's adoptive father, that quickly turns abusive.
 * Will being forced by the FBI to help bring down Russell Brewster for illegal practices, the same man who gave him a job to help rebuild his life after prison.
 * Craig's entry into politics and winning a seat on the State Assembly.
 * Jenna burning out in acting after ending her farce marriage to the gay producer who helped her build her career.
 * The tension between Carla and her future husband Peter, and Aaron and his wife Pascal, over not only their devotion to their friends, but also their devotion to each other.
 * Craig's affair with his mentally unstable secretary, Rachel.
 * The mutual attraction between Jenna and Craig.
 * Will Malloy serving in the army, entering law school, and eventually becoming Craig's campaign manager.
 * Sam's addiction to stimulants.
 * Sam's belief that she accidentally killed a woman because of the stimulants she was taking.
 * Will's army friend's death and Will's affair with the friend's sister.
 * In the last filmed episode (unseen in America) it was revealed that Sam and Will's daughter Amy had died in a fire with her adopted mother. If it were true, this would render it impossible for her to be the speculated killer.

Cancellation
Originally, Reunion was intended to last for 22 episodes, with each episode chronicling one year in the life of the six main characters—from their graduation in 1986 to the murder of one of them the day of their high school reunion in 2006. However, after a promising start, the show's ratings dropped, failing to hold the viewers from its lead in, The O.C., whereupon Fox announced the series would not be continued beyond the thirteen episodes already ordered.

While it was speculated the cancellation might lead to a change of the format—possibly skipping or combining some years to reach 2006 and reveal the murderer by the now-final thirteenth episode—series creator Jon Harmon Feldman originally announced the show would simply end with 1998, with the identity of the murderer unrevealed. However, after ratings continued to fall in December 2005, Fox announced – both in the media and on their official website – that the "1994" episode eventually would be the last, and the remaining four episodes filmed would not air. Fox later gave away outlines the episodes "1995", "1996", "1997" and "1998" to websites. On June 7, 2006, the episode "1998" was shown in many countries, but not the USA.

During the Television Critics Association press tour, Fox Entertainment president Peter Ligouri addressed reporters regarding the show's abrupt end. Ligouri stated there were several ways to go with the killer's identity. However, "the best guess was that particular time that it was going to be Sam's daughter", whom she gave up for adoption early in the series. The reason why the murder occurred still remains a mystery.

The Brazilian channel SBT, at the end of episode 13, inserted a narrator telling an alternative end (freely invented) for the drama: the killer would be Craig's father, Russell Brewster.

Unreleased plot
Sam was the one who ended up dying, so everybody was trying to cover their tracks. [The shooter] was supposed to be her daughter, who later down the road would have come to work for Carla. She [Carla] tries to get them reconciled, but someone breaks into the apartment of Craig Brewster, while Sam was there with her daughter. In a struggle with this intruder, Amy accidentally shot Sam.

When the 13th episode aired on the SBT channel in Brazil, additional information had been added. A narrator explained that an adult Amy, angry over being abandoned as an infant and being abused by her adopted father, accidentally shoots and kills Samantha. Will and Craig call Craig’s high-powered dad, Russell (Gregory Harrison), for help. The big twist is that, when Russell arrives, he discovers that Samantha is still breathing and secretly suffocates her because of Sam’s earlier affair with Will. His crime is eventually discovered and he’s brought to justice. Dave Annable verified the events of this ending in October 2006.

title: Reunion (American TV series)


text:
Talk:Getting Ready

Why delete the redirect? --FuriousFreddy 05:09, 26 August 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Getting Ready


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WWNO

WWNO (89.9 FM) is a public, non-commercial radio station in New Orleans, Louisiana. It is owned by the University of New Orleans, offering a news and information radio format with some jazz programs on weekends. Studios and offices are located on the fourth floor of the UNO library. The transmitter is off Behrman Highway in the Algiers neighborhood of New Orleans.

WWNO also operates a 24-hour classical music service, "Classical 104.9 FM," on 250 watt FM translator K285FF in Metarie and simulcast in Thibodaux, Louisiana, on KTLN at 90.5 MHz, one of the few dedicated classical stations in the South. WWNO broadcasts in the HD Radio hybrid format. Its HD2 subchannel carries "Classical 104.9 FM". The HD3 subchannel plays jazz music.

Programming
WWNO's weekday schedule has several programs from National Public Radio including All Things Considered, Morning Edition, Here & Now and Fresh Air with Terry Gross. Weekend NPR shows include Wait Wait... Don't Tell Me!, This American Life, American Routes and On The Media. Local WWNO programming includes The Reading Life, Out To Lunch, Continuum and Louisiana Eats. The BBC World Service is heard overnight Sunday through Thursday (Monday through Friday mornings). On Friday and Saturday nights, WWNO plays jazz. WWNO has a local news staff covering New Orleans and Louisiana stories, with NPR covering world and national news.

Early years
WWNO signed on the air on February 20, 1972. It was soon after the University of New Orleans adopted its current name. The school had previously been known as "Louisiana State University in New Orleans." KTLN was brought on line in 1995.

From its earliest days, WWNO was an NPR network affiliate. Originally WWNO was powered at only 5,000 watts. By 1980, the output had been increased to 50,000 watts on a 600-foot tower. Today the power is 35,000 watts but the height above average terrain (HAAT) has increased to 984 feet (299.8 meters). So WWNO's coverage extends throughout Southeast Louisiana and a section of Southwest Mississippi.

Hurricane Katrina
Prior to Hurricane Katrina making landfall in late August 2005, general manager Chuck Miller called extra staff in to the station to help, dropped the regular program format and shared as much information as possible about traffic, evacuation procedures and other news that would be helpful to the 86,000+ people who tune in each week. The building housing the studios had a back-up generator with buried transmission lines. The transmitter site also had generator power. The staff brought extra clothing and other personal items and were prepared to sleep away from windows. Computers and other valuable items were brought into interior rooms.

On the evening before the storm made landfall, the University of New Orleans shut down the IT department without informing the station personnel. WWNO was left without Internet access. Station staff turned to the television and other local radio for sources of information. Miller and the staff found themselves hunkering down in the station the Saturday before Katrina hit with sleeping bags and non-perishables to broadcast through the storm.

Four WWNO staff made it to work during the early morning hours of Sunday, August 28, 2005, Miller, Fred Kasten, James Arey and Jack Hopke. Two people handled the phones and monitored TV and the other two served on-air. Katrina was then declared Category 5 and headed straight for New Orleans. Miller requested and received permission to evacuate the staff from the station. WWNO signed over its signal to a local TV station.

The station was knocked off the air by Hurricane Katrina. The WWNO transmitter facility suffered a loss of nearly 200 feet of transmission line delivering audio to the antenna. Limited physical access and a lack of power hampered restoration of service. The generator ran but as the campus flooded, it shorted out the power lines. Staff were relocated to places all over the country.

When the storm was over, Miller and his team made calls to NPR and the Corporation for Public Broadcasting (CPB) to seek support for WWNO's restoration. CPB's Greg Schnerring suggested a satellite downlink to restore programming. Miller approached Georgia Public Broadcasting (GPB) in Atlanta about using a radio studio and delivery of the signal via a PBS uplink from Atlanta to New Orleans. GPB had the capacity and could send audio to New Orleans via a satellite system, using a studio GPB rarely used, and IT could set up WWNO's technology needs. Georgia Public Radio officials agreed to welcome WWNO to their studios until the station was able to return to its location on the UNO campus.

CPB provided an emergency $20,000 grant and non-commercial program providers NPR, Public Radio International and American Public Radio temporarily waived program costs. However, challenges remained with getting a non-profit station back on the air while its staff was scattered all over the country, its studios on the campus were inaccessible and its transmitter was disabled.

After Katrina
Relocated in Atlanta, Miller began looking for equipment to rebuild. WWNO Chief Engineer Robert Carroll was able to reach the crippled transmitter site on the West Bank of the New Orleans area with enough equipment and supplies to repair the facility and bring it up to operation. American Public Media offered a transmitter and engineering support. CPB offered two transmitters from Alaska, and more than 15 stations offered temporary employment, housing, clothing, food and transportation to the displaced WWNO staff. GPB spent about a week getting the studio ready along with fulfilling WWNO's IT requests while CPB worked on getting the fly-away downlink sent to New Orleans.

WWNO's chief engineer, Robert Carroll drove with police escort to see the station's transmitter site in Gretna. He immediately noticed that 200 feet of transmission line up the side of the tower was missing. Katrina's winds burst the clamps (every 8 feet). The line hit the ground with such force it left a mark in the concrete. When the equipment arrived, Carroll and operations manager Ron Curtis set up and aimed the downlink at the GPB satellite. The station kept its connection to the Crescent City via Program Director Fred Kasten, who built a studio in his home in New Orleans after returning from the evacuation.

Back on the air
WWNO returned to the air on September 2, 2005, from the studios of GPB in Atlanta, using the NPR downlink tied to the station's local transmitter and tower just outside New Orleans. Public service was the primary reason for being on the air. Every break was to have recovery information in it. The remote operations from Atlanta gave WWNO the technical ability to launch a local news department from 400 miles away.

Miller, music director James Arey, broadcaster Farrar Hudkins and afternoon announcer Jack Hopke worked double shifts for three months, broadcasting by satellite from GPB's studios. A generous local Atlanta resident let Arey and Hudkins live rent-free in a house. CPB funds helped furnish the home and pay utilities. Program director Fred Kasten set up a small studio in his damaged uptown home and assembled a team of feature reporters who helped WWNO paint an authentic picture of New Orleans' recovery from the scene. Kasten also broadcast his `Saturday Night Jazz' show from the home studio. Webmaster Shantel Washington worked from Roanoke, Virginia.

On Friday, September 23, less than one month after the devastation caused by Katrina, Hurricane Rita headed for the Gulf in the general direction of New Orleans. WWNO carried regular updates about Rita through the weekend. Luckily, Rita's damage was minimal. After 89 days in Atlanta, WWNO returned to its University of New Orleans studios on December 19, 2005. It has continued to air updates on New Orleans' recovery, years after the storm.

title: WWNO


text:
Johann Gottlieb Friedrich von Bohnenberger

Johann Gottlieb Friedrich von Bohnenberger (5 June 1765 – 19 April 1831) was a German astronomer born at Simmozheim, Württemberg. He studied at the University of Tübingen. In 1798, he was appointed professor of mathematics and astronomy at the University.

He published:
 * Anleitung zur geographischen Ortsbestimmung (Guide to geographic locations), 1795
 * Astronomie (Astronomy), 1811
 * Anfangsgründe der höhern Analysis (Initial reasons of higher analysis), 1812.

In 1817, he systematically explained the design and use of a gyroscope apparatus which he called simply a “Machine.” Several examples of the 'Machine' were constructed by Johann Wilhelm Gottlob Buzengeiger of Tübingen. Johann Friedrich Benzenberg had already mentioned Bohnenberger's invention (describing it at length) in several letters beginning in 1810.

Bohnenberger died at Tübingen.

The lunar crater Bohnenberger is named after him.


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Sea of Love (film)

Sea of Love is a 1989 American neo-noir thriller film directed by Harold Becker, written by Richard Price and starring Al Pacino, Ellen Barkin and John Goodman. The story concerns a New York City detective trying to catch a serial killer who finds victims through the singles column in a newspaper.

It is inspired by Price's 1978 novel Ladies' Man. The film does not credit the novel Ladies’ Man as source material because the novel only shares a similar main idea, while having different characters, a different plot and a different theme. Writer Richard Price said he wanted to explore the same idea as Ladies’ Man, but make the protagonist cooler to an audience (by making him a cop and giving him a gun). The film involves the investigation of a serial killer which is completely absent from the book. Dustin Hoffman was originally in negotiations to star, before Pacino became interested in the project. It was Pacino's first film after a four-year hiatus following the critical and commercial failure of Revolution. Sea of Love was a box-office success, grossing over $110 million.

Plot
New York City homicide detective Frank Keller is a burned-out alcoholic. His wife left him and married one of his colleagues, and he is depressed about reaching his 20th year on the police force. He is assigned to investigate the murder of a man in Manhattan, shot while face down in his bed, naked, listening to an old 45rpm recording of "Sea of Love." Keller has three clues — a lipstick-smeared cigarette, a want-ad that the dead man placed in a newspaper, and fingerprints of the perpetrator.

A second man dies in the same manner in Queens. Detective Sherman Touhey from the local precinct suggests that he and Frank collaborate. Both victims had placed rhyming ads in the lonely hearts column of the newspaper, seeking dates. The detectives track down Raymond Brown, the only other man with a rhyming ad. He's a married man who admits placing the ad but swears that he threw away all the letters and never saw anyone. Frank gets an idea to place a rhyming ad in the paper, meet women who respond in a restaurant and take the prints from their drinking glasses. Frank's precinct chief is skeptical, but reconsiders when Brown turns up dead in the same manner as the other two murder victims.

Frank has dinner with several women, while Sherman — posing as a waiter — puts their glasses into evidence bags. One woman, divorcee Helen Cruger, shows no interest in Frank and leaves without taking a drink, so Frank is unable to get her fingerprints. Frank bumps into her again at a market, but this time she is more friendly. Helen manages a chic upscale shoe store. Frank does not reveal his true occupation.

Frank takes her to his place, against his better judgment and a warning from Sherman not to do so. They start getting passionate, but Frank panics after finding a gun in her purse and treats her roughly. Helen explains she keeps the starting pistol because she's been scared. Frank apologizes, and they have sex.

Frank and Helen begin a romance. He has a chance to obtain Helen's fingerprints on a glass but decides to wipe the glass clean. Their relationship becomes strained when she discovers that he is a cop. One night when he is drunk, he nearly gives away the fact that Helen was involved in a sting. He starts to confess his feelings for her, but then discovers that she responded to each of the victims' ads. When he confronts her, Helen refuses to admit to anything, so he throws her out.

Moments later, the real killer bursts into the apartment: Helen's ex-husband Terry, who has been stalking Helen and killing the men she dates. At gunpoint, he makes Frank lie on his bed and show how he made love to Helen, just as he had done to his other victims before murdering them. Frank manages to overpower Terry and tries to call the police, but Terry lunges at him and, in the ensuing struggle, Frank throws Terry through the bedroom window to his death.

Several weeks later, a newly sober Frank meets Sherman in a bar and later reunites with Helen. She forgives him, and they resume their relationship.

Cast

 * Al Pacino as Detective Frank Keller
 * Ellen Barkin as Helen Cruger
 * John Goodman as Detective Sherman Touhey
 * Michael Rooker as Terry Cruger
 * William Hickey as Frank Keller Sr.
 * Richard Jenkins as Detective Gruber
 * John Spencer as Lieutenant Longo
 * Michael O'Neill as Raymond Brown
 * Paul Calderón as Serafino
 * Gene Canfield as Struk
 * Larry Joshua as Dargan
 * Christine Estabrook as Gina Gallagher
 * Barbara Baxley as Miss Allen
 * Patricia Barry as Older Woman
 * Luis Antonio Ramos as Omar Maldonado (as Luis Ramos)
 * Rafael Báez as Efram Maldonado
 * Damien Leake as Ernest Lee
 * Jacqueline Brookes as Helen's Mother
 * Nancy Beatty as Raymond Brown's Wife
 * Hugh Thompson as Young Cop
 * Christopher Maleki as Detective (uncredited)

Lorraine Bracco filmed scenes as Keller's ex-wife Denise, which were cut from the theatrical release print, but were restored for television versions. Samuel L. Jackson played a minor role as "Black Guy".

Production
Filming began on May 23, 1988 in Toronto, Canada, and moved to New York City on July 26. Production lasted a total of 19 weeks. In a 2023 interview with HuffPo, Ellen Barkin revealed that, during the making of this film, director Harold Becker allegedly ripped off her merkin during the filming of a nude scene.

Box office
Sea of Love grossed $58.5 million domestically and $52.3 million overseas to a total of $110.9 million worldwide.

The film made $10 million in its opening weekend, topping the box office and setting the record for best debut for a fall release. In its second week it had a 22% drop, grossing $7.8 million and finishing second.

Critical response
Rotten Tomatoes reports that 75% of 32 critics have given the film a positive review, with an average rating of 6.80/10. The website's critics consensus reads: "Moody and steadily alluring, Sea of Love benefits immeasurably from the window-fogging chemistry between Ellen Barkin and Al Pacino." On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 66 out of 100, based on 18 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews". Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "A−" on an A+ to F scale.

In his review in the Los Angeles Times, Kevin Thomas called it "a slick, knowing genre film, through and through, a New York cop suspense thriller that we've seen countless times before," but stated "it can't quite keep us away from wondering how a smart woman like Helen, whose looks would stop traffic and whose work would bring her into constant contact with an array of sophisticated men, would ever resort to the personals - unless, of course, she really is a psychopath." The review in Variety praised the film, calling it "a suspenseful film noir boasting a superlative performance by Al Pacino as a burned-out Gotham cop."

Hal Hinson for The Washington Post stated that if the film "were able to get it all, it would be a great movie. As it is, it's stirring and messy and hints at more than it is capable of delivering." Roger Ebert, giving the film three out of four stars, praised the acting of Al Pacino and Ellen Barkin, but thought "the ending...cheats by bringing in a character from left field at the last moment. Part of the fun in a movie like this is guessing the identity of the killer, and part of the problem...is that the audience is not fairly treated. Technically, I suppose, the plot can be justified. But I felt cheated. I had good feelings for the characters and their relationships, but I walked out feeling the plot played fast and loose with the rules of whodunits."

title: Sea of Love (film)


text:
Host signal processing

Host signal processing (HSP) is a term used in computing to describe hardware such as a modem or printer which is emulated (to various degrees) in software. Intel refers to the technology as native signal processing (NSP). HSP replaces dedicated DSP or ASIC hardware by using the general purpose CPU of the host computer.

Modems using HSP are known as winmodems (a term trademarked by 3COM / USRobotics, but genericized) or softmodems. Printers using HSP are known as GDI printers (after the MS Windows GDI software interface), winprinters (named after winmodems) or softprinters.

The Apple II Disk II floppy drive used the host CPU to process drive control signals, instead of a microcontroller. This instance of HSP predates the usage of the terms HSP and NSP.

In the mid- to late-1990s, Intel pursued native signal processing technology to improve multimedia handling. According to testimony by Intel, Microsoft opposed development of NSP because the technology could reduce the necessity of the Microsoft Windows operating system. Intel claims to have terminated development of NSP because of threats from Microsoft.

title: Host signal processing


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Greatest Hits (The Temptations album)

Greatest Hits is a 1966 greatest hits album for The Temptations, released by the Gordy (Motown) label. It peaked at #5 on the Billboard 200 album chart and remained on the chart for 120 weeks. Included are popular Temptations hits such as "The Way You Do the Things You Do", "Get Ready", "Since I Lost My Baby", "My Baby", "Don't Look Back", and their signature #1 hit, "My Girl". One non-album single, "Beauty Is Only Skin Deep", is also included; it was a #3 hit in the summer and fall of 1966.

The album was included in Robert Christgau's "Basic Record Library" of 1950s and 1960s recordings, published in Christgau's Record Guide: Rock Albums of the Seventies (1981).

Side one

 * 1) "The Way You Do the Things You Do" (Smokey Robinson, Robert Rogers) (lead singer: Eddie Kendricks)
 * 2) "My Girl" (Robinson, Ronald White) (lead singer: David Ruffin)
 * 3) "Ain't Too Proud to Beg" (Edward Holland, Jr., Norman Whitfield) (lead singer: David Ruffin)
 * 4) "Don't Look Back" (Robinson, White) (lead singer: Paul Williams)
 * 5) "Get Ready" (Robinson) (lead singer: Eddie Kendricks)
 * 6) "Beauty Is Only Skin Deep" (Holland, Whitfield) (lead singer: David Ruffin)

Side two

 * 1) "Since I Lost My Baby" (Warren Moore, Robinson) (lead singer: David Ruffin)
 * 2) "The Girl's Alright with Me" (Holland, Eddie Kendricks, Whitfield) (lead singer: Eddie Kendricks)
 * 3) "My Baby" (Moore, Robinson, Rogers) (lead singer: David Ruffin)
 * 4) "It's Growing" (Moore, Robinson) (lead singer: David Ruffin)
 * 5) "I'll Be in Trouble" (Robinson) (lead singers: Eddie Kendricks, Melvin Franklin)
 * 6) "Girl (Why You Wanna Make Me Blue)" (Holland, Whitfield) (lead singer: Eddie Kendricks)

Chart and singles history
Singles

Year-end charts

title: Greatest Hits (The Temptations album)


text:
Dominic Steele

Dominic Steele is an Australian Anglican minister. He is the senior minister of Village Church, Annandale, New South Wales, and works at Christians in the Media. He was formerly a radio journalist and presenter on radio stations 2UE and 2WS. He continued as a news editor in radio and became involved in Anglican churches in Sydney, though he had been raised a Roman Catholic. He later began studying theology at Moore Theological College and was ordained to the Anglican ministry. He is the author and presenter of the course Introducing God, used as a tool by Sydney Anglicans and others for evangelism.

Career
After a start in community radio (2SER and 2RPH) Steele's commercial radio career began at 2MO Gunnedah as morning announcer. He switched to 2UE as a journalist in 1985 first covering police rounds, then rural news, then news editing. He was 2UE’s only journalist at the 1988 Olympic Games. Although he grew up Roman Catholic, Steele says it was while at 2UE that he was introduced to God through his friendship with the 2UE's deputy news director Russell Powell. He then switched to 2WS where he edited and presented various news shifts. In 1992, Steele left 2WS to work as an apprentice to then Anglican chaplain at UNSW Phillip Jensen before studying at Moore Theological College.

Steele and Powell founded Christians in the Media in 1997 with Steele as its first staff worker. Christians in the Media focuses on ministry to communications students, workplace bible study groups among media workers and occasional events. Highlights include national Christian media workers conferences 'Access All Areas' in 2005 and 2008 with presenters including Kevin Rudd, Donald McDonald, David Aikman and Mark Scott.

In 2003, Steele authored the evangelistic course, Introducing God. The course has been used by 2000 Australian churches and in many other countries around the world. The course is an evangelism course based on the relationship teachings of the Alpha course, but its contents are modelled from the "Two ways to live" tract by Matthias Media. He also spoke extensively at churches and training seminars in 2004-2006 training pastors and church leaders in connecting with postmodern Australians.

Steele was ordained in the Anglican Diocese of Sydney where he is a member of the diocese's synod, standing committee, mission board and the South Sydney Regional Council. Steele was appointed as lay minister in charge of St Aidan's Anglican Church in Annandale in 2002. He was ordained in 2003 and remained in charge of St Aidan's. In 2004 St Aidan's changed its name to Annandale Community Church and then in 2009 to Village Church, Annandale.

In 2011, Steele and one of the Annandale Church parish councillors were exonerated in a defamation case brought by a parishioner in the Supreme Court in Sydney.

Personal life
He became a committed Christian after a radio colleague, Russell Powell, invited him to his church in 1985.

Steele is married to Cathie and is the father of three children. They live in Sydney's inner west.

title: Dominic Steele


text:
User:Tranquility

Hi! This is my space on Wikipedia.

title: User:Tranquility


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Judiciary Act

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was Keep. Freestylefrappe has taken up the subject of the splitting of the article on Talk:Judiciary Act. There is also a discussion there about renaming the article and restoring the previous equal-weight disambiguation. Neither the nominator nor anyone else wants an administrator to delete this article. (The only help from administrators that may be required will involve moving an article over an edited redirect and a history-only undeletion, for which Requested moves and Deletion review are the places, not here.) Uncle G 01:03:42, 2005-08-27 (UTC)

Judiciary Act
This page says nothing about what a Judiciary Act is. Each individual act should be split into individual pages. Please Delete and Split. freestylefrappe 05:11, August 26, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep for the moment. Important legislation in the US. Any discussion about whether it should be a disambiguation page should be conducted on its talk page. Capitalistroadster 05:24, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Strong speedy keep This nomination is nothing but patent nonsense. How precisely does one delete and split?  If you delete, there's nothing to split; if you split, then delete, you're destroying the edit histories and blatantly ignoring the GFDL.  CanadianCaesar 05:33, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep obviously and rename to Judiciary Acts (United States) or something like that. -EDM 06:03, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. As capital. Trollderella 06:47, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep but a little comment I'm fed up finding articles (and particularly legal ones) that assume, but don't state, that they are refering to the US. No problem with lots of US articles - lots of problems with the assumption that the US is the default subject matter arround here. If it is a nation specific article, it should always say so in the title, or failing that in the first line. --Doc (?) 09:47, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. I substantially revised this article back on January 6–8.  Back then it was named "Judiciary Acts (US)", and there was a disambiguation page at Judiciary Act.  On January 26, User:Neutrality deleted the disambiguation page, moved "Judiciary Acts (US)" to "Judiciary Act", and put a disambiguation link to the Australian Judiciary Act at the top of the page.  I would be perfectly happy if the original situation were restored. — DLJessup (talk) 13:18, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * That restoration would be a good thing. -EDM 15:54, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, I have no problem with the disambiguation situation as it is now. Christopher Parham (talk) 15:07, 2005 August 26 (UTC)
 * rename to something better. Roodog2k 16:45, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. fwiw, I think the disambiguation works as is. Dottore So 18:42, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * The correct template for this is, not  .  Nobody wants an article deleted here.  Indeed, what is desired by some editors is for content to be undeleted.  Pages for deletion is not the place for this. DLJessup, EDM, and Doc glasgow: Please discuss renaming back to Judiciary Acts (US) and then undeleting the original disambiguation on Deletion review. Freestylefrappe: Please discuss your proposed split on Talk:Judiciary Act. Uncle G 19:04:26, 2005-08-26 (UTC)
 * There's no need to wag fingers at particular participants in this discussion and direct them to take comments elsewhere. Those who care about this subject are here and reading it; it's useful to have the discussion in context, here provided by the unbroken string of keep votes. Hall-monitoring is unhelpful. -EDM 19:15, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * I was unaware of the Split tag. Uncle G is correct; I dont have a desire to get rid of the info, I just see no point for this to be grouped together on one page. freestylefrappe 20:29, August 26, 2005 (UTC)
 * On the contrary, showing people where the forums are for what they actually desire to be done and what the actual various tools are that are available is helpful, as you can see. ☺  Nominating an article for deletion is not the only tool in the toolbox.  But sometimes editors don't know about the other tools.  Uncle G 01:03:42, 2005-08-27 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
User:Jfalvarez

mail at jfalvarez dot com http://www.jfalvarez.com

title: User:Jfalvarez


text:
Talk:Auric

Untitled
Perhaps some background on this fictional currency would be in order?

Who it was created by and examples of media where it has appeared would be rather helpful.

--I 05:13, 26 August 2005 (UTC)

Amateur band
There is a band called Auric with a physical album released (http://auric.bandcamp.com/) — Preceding unsigned comment added by 129.215.58.3 (talk) 12:06, 14 March 2014 (UTC)

title: Talk:Auric


text:
User talk:Tombaine

Welcome to Wikipedia!
I hope you will consider getting involved in the Wikipedia community discussions. Here are some resources to help you get started:
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I am relatively new myself, and I have found the Signpost and the Village Pump to be particularly useful, as well as the Welcome area. Mamawrites 05:13, 26 August 2005 (UTC)

Thanks for uploading Image:Twb3.jpg. I notice the 'image' page currently doesn't specify who created the content, so the copyright status is unclear. If you have not created this media yourself then there needs to be an argument why we have the right to use the media on Wikipedia (see copyright tagging below). If you have not created the media yourself then it needs to be specified where it was found, i.e., in most cases link to the website where it was taken from, and the terms of use for content from that page.

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Image source problem with Image:AdamsonHenryW.jpg
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Speedy deletion of Henry William Adamson
A tag has been placed on Henry William Adamson requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done under section A7 of the criteria for speedy deletion, because the article appears to be about a person or group of people, but it does not indicate how or why the subject is important or significant: that is, why an article about that subject should be included in an encyclopedia. Under the criteria for speedy deletion, such articles may be deleted at any time. Please see the guidelines for what is generally accepted as notable, as well as our subject-specific notability guideline for biographies.

If you think that this notice was placed here in error, you may contest the deletion by adding  to the top of the page that has been nominated for deletion (just below the existing speedy deletion or "db" tag), coupled with adding a note on the talk page explaining your position, but be aware that once tagged for speedy deletion, if the page meets the criterion it may be deleted without delay. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag yourself, but don't hesitate to add information to the page that would render it more in conformance with Wikipedia's policies and guidelines. Lastly, please note that if the page does get deleted, you can contact one of these admins to request that they userfy the page or have a copy emailed to you. Ironholds (talk) 15:03, 22 April 2009 (UTC)

Unreferenced BLPs
Hello Tombaine! Thank you for your contributions. I am a bot alerting you that 1 of the articles that you created  is tagged as an Unreferenced Biography of a Living Person. The biographies of living persons policy requires that all personal or potentially controversial information be sourced. In addition, to ensure verifiability, all biographies should be based on reliable sources. if you were to bring this article up to standards, it would greatly help us with the current Category:All_unreferenced_BLPs article backlog. Once the article is adequately referenced, please remove the unreferencedBLP tag. Here is the article:

Thanks!--DASHBot (talk) 00:25, 9 January 2010 (UTC)
 * 1) Robert C. Asseo -

Henry William Adamson
This is an automated message from CorenSearchBot. I have performed a web search with the contents of Henry William Adamson, and it appears to include a substantial copy of http://franmuse.com/clay/bios/adamson/adamsonh.html. For legal reasons, we cannot accept copyrighted text or images borrowed from other web sites or printed material; such additions will be deleted. You may use external websites as a source of information, but not as a source of sentences. See our copyright policy for further details. (If you own the copyright to the previously published content and wish to donate it, see Donating copyrighted materials for the procedure.)

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Copyright problem: Henry William Adamson
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Update regarding copyright concern
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Thank you. Moonriddengirl (talk) 19:23, 20 March 2010 (UTC)

Talk:Henry William Adamson

 * We cannot host content unless we have verified that we have permission to host it. You have been informed, on this very page how to do this, but we do not appear to have any emails in our system, nor does the external site note that the content is released under an appropriate license. Do not restore the content until permission is verified, or your account may be blocked. – Toon 17:15, 3 April 2010 (UTC)

You people are retarded. I don't have to verify a damn thing because I am the owner of the copyright for that material. PERIOD. When will somebody get it through their pea-brained skull! I don't have to request permission to use my own material from a web site I CLEARLY loaned that information to (see for yourself on the freaking web site). I'm tired of you brainless edit nazis screwing around with mine and other peoples' articles for no valid reasons other than being a jerk. Put my article back or I will continue to repost it.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_talk:Tombaine —Preceding unsigned comment added by 207.203.80.70 (talk) 20:31, 3 November 2010 (UTC)

Nomination of Robert C. Asseo for deletion
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title: User talk:Tombaine


text:
File:The Cure Mixed Up.jpg

Summary
The cover of The Cure album Mixed Up

title: File:The Cure Mixed Up.jpg


text:
Duchess of Angoulême

Several women have borne the title of Duchess of Angoulême. Among these are:

 * Joan II of Navarre, daughter of King Louis X of France, wife of Philippe d'Évreux, who was created Duke of Angoulême in 1317. Title exchanged 1404.
 * Louise of Savoy, daughter of Philip II of Savoy, and mother of King Francis I of France, created Duchess of Angoulême in 1515.
 * The title of Duchess of Angoulême was created for Diane de France, daughter (legitimated) of King Henry II of France. Title created in 1582, when Diane received the duchy of Angoulême in appanage, and became extinct upon her death in 1619.
 * Charlotte de Montmorency, comtesse de Fleix, wife of Charles de Valois, natural son of King Charles IX of France. Title created in 1619 and extinct 1653.
 * Princess Marie-Thérèse-Charlotte, daughter of King Louis XVI of France and his wife, Queen Marie Antoinette; later the wife of her first cousin, Louis-Antoine, Duke of Angoulême (1775-1844), who reigned twenty minutes as King Louis XIX of France in 1830. She is perhaps the best known Duchess of Angoulême. She was imprisoned during the French Revolution, and lived her later life in exile.

title: Duchess of Angoulême


text:
Arslanbob

Arslanbob (Арстанбап) is a village, sub district, valley, mountain range, and a large forest of wild walnut (Juglans regia) in the Jalal-Abad Region of Kyrgyzstan. Kyrgyzstan's first known export to Europe was the Arslanbob walnut. Two waterfalls are located in the area which attract tourists, pilgrims and other visitors during the spring and summer months.

The population of Arslanbob was 15,196 in 2021.

Etymology
Arslanbob is named after an 11th-century figure, Arslanbob-Ata (alternate: Arstanbap-Ata). 'Bob', used as a suffix, is a traditional practice used in the Arslanbob which denotes "a traveler and explorer".

History
According to legend, Alexander the Great took the walnuts from the forest of Arslanbob, and these formed the European plantations. For this reason, the walnut is known as the Greek nut in Russian. Scientific research however shows that the walnut forests around Arslanbob are probably around 1000 years old, and were planted. This corresponds with another local story, that says the forest was planted under the leadership of Arystanbop, who founded the village in his name, and died around 1120 CE.

Geography
Arslanbob is reached from Jalal-Abad via Bazar-Korgon. Kyzyl-Üngkür is 15 km away, reachable via Oogon-Talaa, which is situated in the Kara-Üngkür valley.

The walnut forest is within the 60000 ha forest situated between the Fergana and Chatkal Mountains. The walnut forest is located at altitudes varying between 1500 m and 2000 m above sea level on the Fergana range's south-facing slopes. At 11000 ha, the Arslanbob woodland is the largest walnut grove on Earth.

Behind the town of Arslanbob are the Babash-Ata Mountains. There are two waterfalls nearby. One measures 80 m high and has a slippery scree slope; it is situated in a cliff face north of the village. Another, to the east, is 23 m in height and has two prayer caves, one of which is known as the Cave of the 40 Angels. Within walking distance is the Dashman Forest Reserve, another walnut forest.

Flora and fauna

 * Flora

The main issues threatening the forest are cattle grazing and haymaking, but collecting nuts, hunting, gathering firewood and timber, as well as climate change all reduce the ability of the forest to regenerate.

World Conservation Union (IUCN) held a workshop in September 1995 at Arslanbob to specifically discuss "an exceptional botanical garden" of walnut fruit trees found in Kyrgyzstan distributed over the two large forest ranges of Arslanbob Kugart and Khoja Ata running east–west, which in the past covered an area of 630900 ha. However, over the decades of exploitation, the area under walnut trees was reduced. These forests are dense and large with particular species composition that have high economic value. Subsequent to World War II, in 1945, an experimental forest research station was reorganized at Arslanbob under the jurisdiction of the Forest Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the then USSR. The research was aimed at the establishment of commercial walnut plantations and maximizing production of fruit, valuable timber and other forest plantations. Reports indicated good results of walnut-fruit cultivation as a result of the joint research efforts.

Various wild forms of other fruit-bearing species including apple (Malus siversiana), pear (Pyrus korshinsky), and plum (Prunus sogdiana).

Raccoons were introduced into the Arslanbob forest, now inhabiting an area of about 12000 - 15000 ha in the western part of Achinsk district in Jalal-Abad Region.
 * Fauna

Culture
A shrine (tomb) to Ibn Abbas, now in ruins, is near the forest. The 16th century mazar (shrine or tomb) to Arslanbob-Ata is near the center of the village. A new brick building, painted white, surrounds it and was built in the 20th century. The entrance to this tomb is made of a walnut wood door frame and decorated with ram’s horns. There is also a new mosque adjoining the tomb which has an impressive ceiling. The center of the tariqat of the indigenous Sufi order of the Hairy Ishans, and offshoot of Yasawiya is in the city of Arslanbob.

A legend has it that a disciple of Prophet Mohamed, on a voyage in search of a heavenly place on earth, found such a place in a scenic valley in Kyrgyzstan. However, as the place lacked any kind of vegetation, he appraised Prophet Mohamed of the situation. The Prophet Mohamed then sent him seeds of many trees to plant there which included walnut. The disciple, Arslanbob, then went up a mountain and scattered the seeds which grew into a garden of trees which he tended. Because of this association with the Prophet Mohamed, Muslims consider this place as sacred. According to local legend, it is said that Arslanbob-Ata's wife "betrayed" him to his enemies which resulted in his death. It is also stated that his footprints, hand prints and bloodstains are also seen here.
 * Legends

Other legends include that Alexander the Great planted the first walnut trees in Arslanbob; and that he carried several sacks of walnuts with him which he had used to pay boatmen to ferry his troops.

Another legend attributes walnut distribution to the Silk Road.

Economy
The economic activity of the town centers around the walnut. In the walnut season, which lasts for one month during September, the villagers of Arslanbob and other neighboring villages engage themselves in collecting the nut. For this purpose, they hire a small plot of land for a fee on a five-year lease from the Forest Department. They collect the nuts, fruits and the wood. It is also an occasion of social rejoicing. Walnuts are priced high as they are a source of "oil, protein, anti-oxidants and omega 3 fatty acids." The walnut has served as barter trade in exchange for essential services. The barter practice is still observed in some cases in the villages here to pay fees to the teacher or to travel by bus.

Other crops include maize, potatoes and sunflowers.

Tourism
Tourism is being developed in and around the Arslanbob city. While trekking is a fairly well established activity to the nearby hills and valleys, skiing as an adventure sport is under initial stages of development near the Jailoos mountains. Visiting the walnut wood land by walking through the village up to the red cliffs is also a popular tourist attraction during the season.

There are two water falls which are frequented by visitors seeking holy blessings, magical and spiritual powers. The area around the falls is adorned with prayer flags and wish rags; one was frequented by a holy woman.

title: Arslanbob


text:
Ira Steven Behr

Ira Steven Behr (born October 23, 1953) is an American screenwriter and television producer, best known for his work on Star Trek, especially Star Trek: Deep Space Nine, on which he served as showrunner and executive producer. He was the executive producer and showrunner on Crash, executive producer on Syfy's Alphas and a writer and co-executive producer on Outlander.

Biography
Behr was born in New York City to a Jewish family. He studied at Lehman College in New York City. After graduating, he moved to Los Angeles to pursue a career writing comedies for television and film.

Behr is married to Laura Feder, who is credited as choreographer on three episodes of Deep Space Nine and one episode of Voyager.

Early work
Behr's first writing job was on the dramatic series Bret Maverick. Behr continued to work on television dramas, throughout the 1980s, among them:

 * Jessica Novak (1981, story editor)
 * Fame (1982, writer and producer)
 * Seven Brides for Seven Brothers (1982, writer)
 * Bring 'Em Back Alive (1982, writer)
 * Once a Hero (1987, writer and producer)
 * The Bronx Zoo (1987, writer)

Star Trek
After several years writing and producing television, and while still a staff writer at Beyond Reality, Behr was hired as a producer during Star Trek: The Next Generation's third season.

Behr felt there were too many rules and regulations and felt creatively trapped, so he left The Next Generation after a year. He remained good friends with Michael Piller and wrote the season 4 episode "Qpid" as a freelance writer. Piller persuaded him to join the new series Star Trek: Deep Space Nine as a supervising producer. At the start of the second season, Behr was promoted to co-executive producer. The following year, co-creator Michael Piller left to produce the next Star Trek series, Star Trek: Voyager and Behr replaced him as showrunner and executive producer. As showrunner, Behr reported to head executive producer and franchise chief Rick Berman. Although they would disagree on many things, Behr said they had a good working relationship.

Behr went on to write a total of 53 out of 176 Deep Space Nine episodes, more than any other writer.

As executive producer, Behr was largely responsible for the story arc of the show, from Bajoran politics to the Dominion War. This complex serialized story was a departure from the traditional Star Trek episodic format, and the war narrative was a break from the typically hopeful Star Trek vision of the future.

Behr wrote or co-wrote some of the most important episodes in the Dominion arc, including "The Jem'Hadar", "The Search", "The Way of the Warrior", "Broken Link", "Apocalypse Rising", "In Purgatory's Shadow", "By Inferno's Light", "Call to Arms", "Sacrifice of Angels", "Tears of the Prophets" and the final episode, "What You Leave Behind".

Developing the Ferengi
Behr also had a significant role in the development of the Ferengi alien race during his work on Deep Space Nine. Although the Ferengi were first introduced in the first season of The Next Generation as a potential major antagonist, they proved unsuccessful, and in subsequent seasons became an occasional source of comic relief. But it was not until Deep Space Nine, which included a Ferengi character in its regular cast, that the Ferengi were truly explored in any depth. Behr was involved with most of the early Ferengi-related episodes, and introduced the concept of the Ferengi Rules of Acquisition and wrote most of the rules which appeared on the show. These rules were later published as The Ferengi Rules of Acquisition, by Quark as told to Ira Steven Behr (ISBN 0-671-52936-6). Along with fellow Deep Space Nine producer Robert Hewitt Wolfe, Behr also co-wrote Legends of the Ferengi, a collection of short stories involving the Rules of Acquisition.(ISBN 0-671-57901-0)

Documentary
Behr was the driving force behind the documentary What We Left Behind.

Post-Star Trek
Behr left Star Trek following the completion of Deep Space Nine's seventh season in 1999. He again worked with René Echevarria on season two of Dark Angel (2000) as a consulting producer. Behr served as writer and executive producer on the short lived series Bob Patterson (2001), which was created by and starred Jason Alexander. He returned to Paramount for the revival of The Twilight Zone (2002) as writer and executive producer. It aired on UPN directly after Star Trek: Enterprise, and ran for a single season of 42 episodes. Behr described the fast production turnaround as insane but, despite the difficulty he found the camaraderie and the dedication in the writer's room rewarding, and said that almost all of the writers would have been willing to do it again for another season if they had been given the chance. He thought UPN did not really want the show, and that it was not a good fit for the network. He also worked as writer and consulting producer on the series Dr. Vegas (2004). René Echevarria created the series The 4400 (2004–2007), which Behr joined as a writer and took over as executive producer. The series ran for four seasons, and Behr enjoyed the experience and thought "we did some really good episodes."

In 2017 Behr produced the feature film Lucky starring Harry Dean Stanton.

Crash: Season 2
In February 2009, Behr was named head writer for the Starz TV series Crash (based on the Paul Haggis film) as it headed into Season 2, which aired in the fall of 2009. After his disappointment at the cancellation of The 4400, people were surprised that Behr chose to join the struggling show. He saw it as an opportunity, as they would be more open and willing to do things differently than if it had been a more successful show. Lead actor Dennis Hopper died in May 2010 and the series was not renewed for a third season.

Alphas
In December 2010, Behr was appointed head writer, show runner, and executive producer for Syfy Channel's Alphas, for which a pilot, written by Zak Penn and Michael Karnow and directed by Jack Bender, had been produced. Behr oversaw the remaining ten episodes of the eleven-episode first season order.

Outlander
From 2014 to 2016, Behr served as writer and co-executive producer on Outlander, alongside fellow Deep Space Nine contributor Ronald D. Moore.

title: Ira Steven Behr