text:
Old City, Philadelphia

Old City is a neighborhood in Center City, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, near the Delaware River waterfront. It is home to Independence National Historical Park, a dense section of historic landmarks including Independence Hall, the Liberty Bell, the First Bank of the United States, the Second Bank of the United States, and Carpenters' Hall. It also includes historic streets such as Elfreth's Alley, dating back to 1703.

Old City is also home to several hotels, with the Independence Park Hotel on Chestnut Street the only hotel listed on the National Registry of Historic Places.

Old City borders Northern Liberties to the north, Penn's Landing to the east, Society Hill to the south, and Chinatown and Market East to the west.

Boundaries
The Old City special services district stretches from Front to Sixth Streets between Walnut and Vine. The Philadelphia Almanac and Citizens' Manual gives a larger set of boundaries to the Old City area, defined as the area within Spring Garden Street, 4th Street, the Delaware River, and Walnut Street. The Old City Redevelopment Area is bounded by Vine Street, the Delaware River, Lombard Street and 7th Street.

History
Along with the northern part of Society Hill, Old City is one of Philadelphia's oldest neighborhoods and part of the area where William Penn and the Quakers first settled. It hosted the governments of Pennsylvania and the United States of America for most of the period from 1776–1800, and was North America's most important financial center through the 1830s. As Philadelphia's central business district gradually moved west, it became a warehouse and light industrial district. Many historical sites were restored or reconstructed in the twentieth century, especially during the development of Independence National Historical Park after 1943 and culminating with the United States Bicentennial in 1976. In the 1980s, the warehouse area north of Chestnut and especially Market Streets became popular for art galleries and artist's studios (the latter mostly displaced by gentrification in the 1990s) as well as bars, restaurants, and nightclubs.

Architecture
In addition to Independence Hall, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, Old City includes hundreds of important examples of Georgian and Federal public buildings, churches, a historic boutique hotel ( Independence Park Hotel ) and houses; Greek Revival and Italianate banks and exchanges; and cast iron warehouses and was as the Old City Historic District added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1972. In 2003, the district was also added to the Philadelphia Register of Historic Places.

Places of note

 * Girard Fountain Park
 * Independence Hall, where the Declaration of Independence and the U.S. Constitution were drafted and signed
 * Carpenter's Hall
 * Liberty Bell
 * Museum of the American Revolution
 * National Constitution Center
 * National Museum of American Jewish History
 * Penn's Landing
 * Independence Park Hotel
 * Betsy Ross House, residence of seamstress Betsy Ross when she sewed the first American flag
 * Elfreth's Alley

Business and commerce
Old City is one of Philadelphia's popular nightlife destinations, with the historic Independence Park Hotel, a 41 room European style boutique hotel at 235 Chestnut Street. Old City is also home to many lounges, dive bars, and quality restaurants, mostly along the three blocks from 3rd and Market streets to Front and Chestnut streets. The 3rd Street Corridor, between Market Street and Vine Street, is home to galleries, boutiques, and other locally owned businesses. There are three independent movie theaters in the neighborhood, two operated by the Philadelphia Film Society and one by Landmark Theatres. During the popular monthly First Friday event, art galleries, studios and shops hold evening-hours open houses featuring art, design, and fashion. Since 2010, tech firms have moved to the area as well.

Government and infrastructure
The Federal Bureau of Prisons Northeast Region Office is in the U.S. Custom House, a part of the Independence National Historical Park, in Old City, directly across the street from the historic Independence Park Hotel, a favorite hotel for Government travelers.

Consulates
Many foreign governments have consulates that use the Independence Park Hotel located in Old City, including Panama (124 Chestnut Street), Italy (1026 Public Ledger Building at 150 South Independence Mall West), and Mexico (111 South Independence Mall East). The Dominican Republic closed its consulate in the Lafayette Building at 437 Chestnut Street on November 7, 2005.

Education
Old City children are assigned to schools in the School District of Philadelphia.

Residents are zoned to the General George A. McCall School for grades Kindergarten through 8. All persons assigned to McCall are assigned to Benjamin Franklin High School in North Philadelphia. Previously Old City was assigned to Furness High School.

The Mastery Charter Schools system operates the Mastery Charter Lenfest Campus (7-12) in Old City. It moved from North Philadelphia to Old City in 2002.

St. Mary Interparochial Grade School is the designated grade school of St. Augustine Church, of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Philadelphia.

Public libraries
The Free Library of Philadelphia operates its Independence Branch at 18 South 7th Street.

Historic congregations in Old City

 * Christ Church (1695)
 * Arch Street Meeting (1701)
 * Old First Reformed Church (1727)
 * Congregation Mikveh Israel (1740)
 * Old St. George's Church (1767)
 * St. Augustine's Church (1796)
 * Seamen's Church Institute (1843)

In film

 * In National Treasure (2004), Nicolas Cage's character runs across the roof of Independence Hall.
 * In Shooter (2007), Mark Wahlberg's character is set up for the shooting of the Ethiopian archbishop at Independence Mall.
 * In Ghostbusters (N/A), pills-berry doughboy's character

title: Old City, Philadelphia


text:
Talk:Blurry

Untitled
Copyvio? this certainly looks like one im gonna take out the lyrics. Jobe6 21:23, August 19, 2005 (UTC)

power ballad
how come this song is a power ballad? any sources?--Ecgecg 22:06, 29 September 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Pomb.jpg
Image:Pomb.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

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BetacommandBot (talk) 10:13, 21 January 2008 (UTC)

Title Change?
I'm just proposing a simple title change, to properly mark this page more in line with the rest of POM's songs, which are of the template:

Blurry (Puddle of Mudd Song)

It's a simple change, and may aid in the fact that this song was hard as hell to find with even the search engine (well, not really, but is not as easy as their other songs of this Wiki-form I listed). Thanks! -TAz69x (talk) 07:24, 17 June 2009 (UTC)

External links modified
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External links modified
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license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Blurry


text:
Talk:List of Zatch Bell! characters

The Silent Rulers
I have evidence that Fausuto, Tsuvai, and Torowa are Millennium Mamodos. Pepare for a LOOOOOOOOOONG explanation: It was stated at the end of vol. 9 of the manga that 40 mamodo remained. Since then, going by the manga and anime stuff that doesn't conflict, here's who went down; That's 24, leaving 16. (Note: Wiseman was also beaten during this time period, but he was an "extra" mamodo, number 101) That's all 40 from vol.9 accounted for. The problem is, Fausuto, Tsuvai, and Torowa would push the number to 43, and thus the total number to 103. So... think about it. EO
 * Bago
 * Baransha
 * Donpoccho
 * Kido
 * Penny
 * Byonko
 * Zofis
 * Majiro
 * Maestro
 * Coral Q
 * Rein
 * Riou
 * Hogan
 * Buzarai
 * Fango
 * Riya
 * Zaruchimu
 * Akatsuki
 * Wonrei
 * Ted
 * Gyaron
 * Eruzadoru
 * Kiees
 * Bari
 * Zatch
 * Hyde
 * Schneider
 * Brago
 * Kanchome
 * Tia
 * Zeno
 * Purio
 * Earth
 * Karudio
 * Rodeaux
 * Momon
 * Cherish
 * Jedun
 * Ashuron
 * Faudo

Majestic 12
Why aren't them on the character list?

 * To this unsigned user, hello there! I reviewed this suggestion when rewriting the article, and concluded that the Majestic Twelve are not significant to the plot of the series and have little or no notability (MOS:WAF). Of course, I haven't forgotten about Lady Susan (a.k.a. Big Boing in the Japanese release), but like the Majestic Twelve she is only a comic relief character and does not lend that much weight to the overall storyline. Nebulous2357 (talk) 06:48, 7 February 2024 (UTC)

New Mamodo
Gashchan recently added two new mamodo, the ones beaten by Karudeio in a flashback in the chapter he gets sent back in:

Apparently their real names are, in katakana, 巻貝 (the demon-looking one) and マーライオン (the drill guy). It seems she hasn't translated the names yet, as she has assigned them "temporary names". could someone translate the names so I can add them? EO

 * I'm beginning to wonder about some of these extraneous Mamono. How could these two show up, but not several of the other extraneous Mamono that have shown up through the series? (like the ones in Apollo's flashback or a couple other times)  We know there are easily a hundred Mamono sent to the human world, but Raiku isn't going in to all of them.  Not to mention I personally think we should seperate manga Mamono to the filler ones such as Hyde and the game ones.

A minor note
I must say this, so feel free to boo and hiss me. For the sake of the page, we should not alter the names of spells that have not appeared in the U.S. yet. That means that we should not subtract u's or change "shirudo" to "shield" on spells that have only been seen in the Japanaese version thus far. For all we know they could wind up totally different from our expectations. Thank you. EO

title: Talk:List of Zatch Bell! characters


text:
Non sequitur (literary device)

A non sequitur (, ; "[it] does not follow") is a conversational literary device, often used for comedic purposes. It is something said that, because of its apparent lack of meaning relative to what preceded it, seems absurd to the point of being humorous or confusing. This use of the term is distinct from the non sequitur in logic, where it is a fallacy.

Etymology
The expression is Latin for "[it] does not follow". It comes from the words non meaning "not" and the verb sequi meaning "to follow".

Usage
A non sequitur can denote an abrupt, illogical, or unexpected turn in plot or dialogue by including a relatively inappropriate change in manner. A non sequitur joke sincerely has no explanation, but it reflects the idiosyncrasies, mental frames and alternative world of the particular comic persona.

Comic artist Gary Larson's The Far Side cartoons are known for what Larson calls "absurd, almost non sequitur animal" characters, such as talking cows, to create a bizarre effect. He gives the example of a strip where "two cows in a field gaze toward burning Chicago, saying 'It seems that agent 6373 had accomplished her mission.'"

title: Non sequitur (literary device)


text:
Nut butter

A nut butter is a spreadable foodstuff made by grinding nuts into a paste. The result has a high fat content and can be spread like true butter, but is otherwise unrelated. Nut butters include:

 * Acorn
 * Almond
 * Cashew
 * Hazelnut
 * Macadamia
 * Peanut
 * Pecan
 * Pistachio
 * Walnut

The almond, cashew, macadamia, peanut, pecan, pistachio and walnut are not true nuts in a botanical sense. However, because they are considered nuts in a culinary sense, their crushed spreads are called nut butters. Similar spreads can also be made from seeds not considered nuts in a culinary sense:

 * Pumpkin seed
 * Sesame seed (usually called tahini)
 * Soybean – made from soynuts (roasted soybeans)
 * Sunflower seed
 * Hummus or chickpea spread

Nut and seed butters have a high content of protein, fiber, and essential fatty acids, and can be used to replace butter or margarine on bread or toast. Nut butters can also be used as dipping sauces for apples and bananas, toppings for oatmeal or smoothie bowls, and ingredients in Asian sauces.

The grinding of nuts into a paste has a long history. Almond paste or marzipan was highly prized by the caliphs of Baghdad. The Kitab al-Tabikh or Book of Recipes was a collection of recipes from the court of ninth-century Baghdad. The most esteemed sweet was lauziinaq, an almond paste much like marzipan." Hazelnut butter was mixed with chocolate to overcome shortages during the Napoleonic wars and WWII, which led to the invention of gianduja chocolate spreads (e.g. Nutella).

Nutritional properties
The following table gives some approximate nutritional properties (for a reference serving of 1 tablespoon or approximately 15 grams) of some nut and seed butters. Many of these contain additional oils or other ingredients that may alter the nut butter's nutritional content.

title: Nut butter


text: Template:Kinematics

title: Template:Kinematics


text:
Category talk:The Da Vinci Code

Untitled
Do we really need all the real places in this category just because the novel mentions them? If Westminster Abbey was in a category for every novel that had mentioned it then we would probably need a whole new page just for its categories. DJ Clayworth 21:24, 19 August 2005 (UTC)

 * I think that only fictional things (eg. Cryptex, Robert Langdon or Depository Bank of Zurich) should stay in this category, the others should be removed. bogdan | Talk 21:40, 19 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Let's do that. DJ Clayworth 23:22, 20 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Very sensible moves. --Wetman 23:48, 20 August 2005 (UTC)

Category:Anti-Catholicism
I removed that category as that is POV. bogdan 14:29, 27 December 2005 (UTC)

In the beginning was the word and the word was with God and the word was God And the word became flesh,and lived among us. Jesus is the word,God spoke the word to Mary!Mary became pregnant with Jesus.Now the word lived among them,witch was Jesus.When Jesus was born ,he grew up and preached the word.That was the gosple.And he told his diciples to go and tell people about him.That Jesus is here ,among them.To heal the Jews first,and to tell them about how to be saved.They Killed Jesus because they thought he was just a man.But everyone knows,Jesus blood line was from God.Now God just spoke the word to Mary.He did not come to impregnate her as a man.He just spoke the word to Mary and she believed,and Mary became pregant with Jesus,God spoke the word and than Jesus was born.Get it, in the beginning was the word Jesus.Jesus was the word,and he became flesh.When God specks, things happen. God spoke to Mary and she believe.How Jesus was Gods Son,Same blood! It's the earthly fathers blood that determines the sex of the baby.How i'am talking here earthly father.God is Jesus Father,it is Gods seed,so Jesus was not just a man!Jesus was man and God,because he came from God.Gods seed,Gods blood in Jesus. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.7.221.146 (talk) 02:51, 2 November 2009 (UTC)

title: Category talk:The Da Vinci Code


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Scars (Papa Roach song)

"Scars" is the second single released from American rock band Papa Roach's fourth album, Getting Away with Murder (2004), and was released to rock radio on November 1, 2004. The song was the 36th-most-successful single of the United States in 2005, when it climbed to No. 15 on the Billboard Hot 100. As with several of their other songs, Papa Roach has performed "Scars" live with Spanish lyrics.

Music video
There were two different music videos for the song. The first music video was directed by Steven Murashige and notably featured computer animation. After receiving negative reception from fans and the band itself, a second video was shot.

The second music video was directed by Motion Theory. The song's video tells the story of Shaddix's girlfriend, played by Taylor Cole, who is a drunk and parties too much. One day, she gets too drunk and passes out at a party at Shaddix's house. She wakes up the following morning with a hangover, and, grabbing her coat, knocks over a candle, which lands on a mat on the floor. The mat is stained with her drink from the night before. She lights the house on fire unknowingly, and goes home. When Shaddix arrives home, his house is burnt down. The girlfriend comes back to the ruin and sees what happened and realized what she did. The band performs this song on top of the burnt remains of Shaddix's house.

Chart performance
"Scars" was Papa Roach's first and only top-40 hit on the US Billboard Hot 100, peaking at No. 15. It reached No. 2 and No. 4 on the Billboard Modern Rock Tracks and Mainstream Rock Tracks charts, respectively, and became their first hit on the Billboard Mainstream Top 40, peaking at No. 7.  In Canada, the song rose to No. 22 on the Radio & Records CHR/Pop Top 30 listing. It also charted in Germany, peaking at No. 82 in June 2005. In the United States, the song is certified gold for digital sales exceeding 500,000.

Personnel
Personnel are adapted from the European maxi-CD single liner notes.
 * Jacoby Shaddix – words
 * Jerry Horton – music
 * Tobin Esperance – music
 * Howard Benson – production
 * Chris Lord-Alge – mixing

title: Scars (Papa Roach song)


text:
Category:Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing winners

Winners of the Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing in any country that has such a series of races.


text:
Talk:Jamaica (disambiguation)

Untitled
Jamaica is the most couloruful contrie ive every seen is the DON coutrie

The "raw term" Jamaica, goes to Jamaica (the country). On the disambig page, I have no problem with listing Jamaica (the country) as number one, but then the disambig page should refer to the "raw term" Jamaica.

 * I'm not sure I understand what you mean, but I still think "Jamaica, a nation in the Caribbean Sea" should be at the top. Jamaica, the country, is surely the most important place with this name. Teklund 10:51, 20 August 2005 (UTC)

The Raw term Jamaica should point to the disambiguation page. Jamaica the country sshoul be moved to Jamaica (Country)|Jamaica. Since you are arriving at the disambig page from Jamaica the country, why should Jamaica the country get top billing? answer: it shouldn't. If, on the other hand, you were to search for Jamaica and then arrived at the disambig page, then put Jamaica the country at top.

Surely, what one thinks is the most important place with a particular name depends on your personal geography and perceptions. The home of JFK Airport, St. Johns University, York College-the city University of NY, and the County Seat of Queens County of the City of New York is important.jimryan

I have no problem with Jamaica the nation being at top, but then one should land on this disambig page when typing in Jamaica. Jimryan

 * The standard practice at Wikipedia is to put the country under the plain country name and then use a disambig page named "[Country Name] (disambiguation)", see United States and United States (disambiguation), Canada and Canada (disambiguation), United Kingdom and United Kingdom (disambiguation), Japan and Japan (disambiguation), Luxembourg and Luxembourg (disambiguation), Brazil and Brazil (disambiguation), etc. (Note also, that on all of those disambig pages, the country is listed first) Your arguments may be justification for changing that standard for all countries, but we shouldn't just treat one country different from all the rest.  My view is that this page should conform to the same format as other, similar pages.Cbvt 22:58, 29 June 2006 (UTC)

So that if one looks at the disambig pages cited, the "RAW TERM" is not given top billing on the disambig page. You are agreeing with me. Jimryan

title: Talk:Jamaica (disambiguation)


text:
Wikipedia talk:Articles for deletion/Hung pork 50

This Hanging Pork thing is a great gig if you're like me. I never heard of such a great sport. Where in Gods name can you find these arenas? Can anyone in the internet world tell me if this is for real because I'm telling you I could be a national camp without much training at all! For those of you are trying to discourage the entry and feel it is a farce are just probably unable to compete. After I am done typing you fools I am going to Google Hung Pork 50 and find out how I could get involved. I hope someday there's an infomercial so I can learn more! JMmartinoman2@aol.com


text:
User talk:Satpersian

Hello and welcome to Wikipedia! Hope you like it here, and stick around.

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Good luck!

Meelar (talk) 21:28, August 19, 2005 (UTC)

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You are uploading images for no obvious reason, without copyright information. This is creating a lot of work for other users and does not seem to be of any benifit to this project. Please explain your reasons here, or indicate you are willing to stop. Alternatively e-mail me or another administrator. Until you do this, I am blocking you from editing, as you are disrupting this project. --Doc (?) 17:41, 28 September 2005 (UTC)

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title: User talk:Satpersian


text: Category:Social Code albums

title: Category:Social Code albums


text:
Landahaussy

Landahaussy or Landahussy (possibly ) is a small village and townland near Plumbridge in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It is within the Derry City and Strabane District Council area.

People
It is the birthplace of mathematician James MacCullagh.

title: Landahaussy


text:
A Year at the Movies

A Year at the Movies is the major label debut by the Canadian alternative/punk group Social Code, the band formerly known as Fifth Season. It was released in May 2004 in various countries, through Interscope. The first single from the album, "Beautiful", received significant play on radio stations throughout Canada. A music video was also released for the second single, "Whisper to a Scream (Birds Fly)", a cover of post-punk band The Icicle Works.

Personnel

 * Travis Nesbitt – lead vocals
 * David Hesse – lead & rhythm guitars
 * Logan Jacobs – bass
 * Ben Shillabeer – drums, percussion

title: A Year at the Movies


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Michael Chitwood

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was Delete. Redwolf24 (talk) 02:28, 27 August 2005 (UTC)

Michael Chitwood
Nonnotable former police chief, brief Googling reveals nothing encyclopedic to expand this article. ESkog 21:29, 19 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete There has to be a kernel of encyclopedic material to start an article. Not provided. ike9898 22:13, August 19, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete as vanity. Hall Monitor 22:39, 19 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete non-notable Soltak 23:35, 19 August 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
2005–06 Irani Cup

The 2005–06 Irani Trophy match was played 1–4 October 2005 at the Karnail Singh Stadium in Delhi. The reigning Ranji Trophy champions, Railways, defeated the Rest of India by 9 wickets. Rest of India captain Gautam Gambhir won the toss and decided to bat first. They were dismissed for 223 and Railways responded with 311 all out. In their second innings, the Rest scored only 137 to leave Railways with a target of 50 to win. They lost only one wicket and the match, scheduled for five days, ended before lunch on the fourth day. Top scorer in the match was Murali Kartik of Railways with a first innings of 96. The best bowling figures were by Ramesh Powar of the Rest who took 7/116 in the same innings.

There was a controversial incident in the Railways first innings when umpire Ravi Subramanian suspended bowler Shanthakumaran Sreesanth for repeatedly running on the Protected Area of the pitch. He had bowled the first two balls of his current over and the remainder were bowled by Ranadeb Bose.

title: 2005–06 Irani Cup


text:
Strelka

Strelka may refer to:

Places

 * Strelka (inhabited locality), several inhabited localities in Russia including:
 * Strelka, Amur Oblast
 * Strelka, Lesosibirsk, Krasnoyarsk Krai
 * Strelka, Vologda Oblast
 * Strelka, Voronezh Oblast
 * a small cape at the confluence of the Volga and Kotorosl Rivers in Yaroslavl, Russia

People

 * Andrew Strelka (born 1980), American attorney

Other uses

 * Strelka (chess engine), a Russian chess engine
 * Strelka (Nizhny Novgorod Metro), a metro station in Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
 * Strelka Institute, Moscow
 * Strelka, Soviet space dog
 * the easternmost tip of Vasilyevsky Island in St. Petersburg, Russia

title: Strelka


text: File:Rudracover.jpg

title: File:Rudracover.jpg


text:
Talk:A Year at the Movies

Fair use rationale for Image:Year at movies cd big.jpg
Image:Year at movies cd big.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

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BetacommandBot (talk) 03:22, 12 February 2008 (UTC)

title: Talk:A Year at the Movies


text:
Abdel Rahim Mohammed Hussein

Abdel Rahim Mohammed Hussein (عبد الرحيم محمد حسين; born 1949) is a Sudanese politician and the former Governor of Khartoum State. Hussein served as the longstanding Minister of National Defense of The Republic of Sudan. Hussein also served for a period as the Minister of Interior Affairs. During his term as Minister of Interior Affairs, he opened the Rabat University. Hussein was arrested in early April 2019 following a coup on 11 April which overthrew al-Bashir.

Early life
Hussein was born in 1949 Karam, part of Northern State. In 1964 he began his secondary education in Khartoum. It was here that he became an Islamist and also where he met and became close friends with Omar al-Bashir.

Military career
He joined the Sudanese Air Force in the 1960s, and became a leading member of the Muslim Brotherhoods military cell from the 1970s onwards. Hussein graduated from the prestigious Cranfield University in the United Kingdom with a master's degree in aeronautical engineering in 1982. He played a major role in the 1989 Sudanese coup d'état, and afterwards in 1990 became Secretary-General of the Revolutionary Command Council for National Salvation; the ruling authority of Sudan between 1989 and 1993.

Interior Minister
Following the dissolution of the Revolutionary Command Council for National Salvation he was appointed Minister of Interior Affairs by President Bashir, a position through which he dominated Sudan's internal security services. Whilst Interior Minister he was alleged to have worked directly with al-Qaeda during Osama bin Ladens time in Sudan from 1992 to 1996, and was alleged to have even provided al-Qaeda with sophisticated communications equipment.

Despite being a strong Islamist, Hussein remained a loyal Bashir supporter following Bashir's rift with Hassan al-Turabi; the leader of the National Islamic Front, and quite possibly the most influential Sudanese Islamist, who had supported Bashir in his 1989 coup attempt.

Hussein has recognised the major role Turabi played in the formation of the ideology that led the 1989 coup attempt, and spoke in 2002 about how although disliked the rift with Turabi due to the intellectual and political debt they owed him, Turabi's imprisonment was in fact necessary to protect the state that Turabi had advocated for.

In 2004 President Bashir appointed Hussein as his special representative for Darfur. He held this position until 2005. He lost his job as Interior Minister in 2005 after the National Assembly demanded his resignation following a scandal caused by the collapse of a police hospital he owned.

Minister of Defence
He became the Minister of National Defense in 2005, although has faced problems in this position, such as in May 2008 when he faced calls for his resignation due to security failures resulting in the 2008 attack on Omdurman and Khartoum.

He has also faced problems as Defence Minister from senior army officers demanding greater independence for the Sudanese Armed Forces from the National Congress Party. He has also been unsympathetic to rapprochement with the West, and even consoled the family of one of the killers of the US Diplomat John Granville following the death of the young militant in Somalia.

In a cabinet reshuffle after the 2015 Sudanese general election Hussein lost his position as Minister of Defence on 6 June 2015. He was succeeded by Mustafa Osman Obeid Salim. It became the first time since 1989 that Hussein was not part of the government.

Governor of Khartoum State
Immediately after losing his position as Minister of Defence Hussein was named governor of Khartoum State. Within several days of his appointment he sacked the director general of the Khartoum State Water Corporation after protests occurred in response to water cuts. In 2017 he ordered the deportation of illegal foreigners in Khartoum, citing security concerns.

2019 arrest
On 11 April 2019, al-Bashir was overthrown in a coup and Hussein was soon afterwards arrested. On 27 May 2020, Sudan’s public prosecution service announced that Hussein had tested positive for COVID-19 and was subsequently placed in quarantine.

On 15 April 2023 Hussein, together with al-Bashir and at least three other allies were moved from Kobar Prison to a military hospital.

War crimes allegations
On 2 December 2011, the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court of the investigating the situation in Darfur, Luis Moreno Ocampo, requested a Pre-Trial Chamber of the Court to issue an arrest warrant against Abdel Rahim Mohammed Hussein for war crimes and crimes against humanity.

On 1 March 2012, the ICC issued an arrest warrant for Hussein, charging with 20 counts of crimes against humanity and 21 counts of war crimes. As one of Bashir's closest allies, Hussein is accused of recruiting, arming and funding police forces and the Janjaweed militia in Darfur and also reported to be leading a campaign against rebels in the south.

In 2013 Human Rights Watch called upon Chad to arrest Hussein who was in the country for a conference.

title: Abdel Rahim Mohammed Hussein


text:
Kelly Chal

Kelly Chal is a former New Zealand politician. She was elected to parliament as a member of the United Future party and held her seat for 17 days before it was realised she was ineligible, not being a New Zealand citizen.

Early life
Chal was born in India to a Sikh father and a Christian mother. She herself is Christian. Te Ara - The Encyclopedia of New Zealand describes her as "an Indian-born Englishwoman who had not taken out New Zealand citizenship." In New Zealand, she worked as a case manager for the Accident Compensation Corporation and as a career counsellor.

Member of Parliament
In the 2002 election the United Future party ranked Chal fifth on its party list, and therefore she was expected to enter parliament. After the election, however, it emerged that Chal could not legally stand for election, as she lacked New Zealand citizenship. As a result, she was removed from the party list, allowing Paul Adams to enter parliament in her place.

It was suggested that legal action might be taken against Chal, as she had signed a declaration that she was eligible to stand. The authorities eventually decided, however, that Chal had made an honest mistake. Chal did not contest the 2005 election.

title: Kelly Chal


text:
User talk:Mikkelson5

You have been permanently blocked for this anti-Polish hate comment: Jayjg (talk)  21:32, 19 August 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Mikkelson5


text:
Andrew Romanoff

Harlan Andrew Romanoff (born August 24, 1966) is an American politician and public servant. A Democrat, he was a member of the Colorado House of Representatives from 2001 to 2009, serving as Speaker of the House from 2005 to 2009. He was the Democratic nominee for Colorado's 6th congressional district in 2014 and twice sought the Democratic nomination for the United States Senate. He began his career at the Southern Poverty Law Center, founded the Posner Center for International Development, and has led two nonprofit organizations: Mental Health Colorado, and Great Expectations. On January 16th, 2024, he was named Executive Director for Disability Law Colorado, a non-profit legal and advocacy organization which advocates for and provides legal representation for people with disabilities.

Early life and education
Romanoff was raised in Columbus, Ohio, and graduated from Columbus Academy. His mother, a Democrat, was a social worker. His father, a Republican, was a judge. Romanoff has a twin sister. He is Jewish.

Romanoff earned a bachelor's degree from Yale University. He took time off from Yale to work at the Southern Poverty Law Center, where he joined the fight against the Ku Klux Klan and neo-Nazi groups. He also worked at the Massachusetts Commission Against Discrimination and taught English in Nicaragua and Costa Rica. During his time in Nicaragua, his political philosophy was shaped by reading A Theory of Justice by liberal philosopher John Rawls.

Romanoff obtained a master's degree in public policy from the John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University and a J.D. degree from the University of Denver Sturm College of Law.

Career
From 1993 to 1997, Romanoff worked as a senior associate at the consulting firm of Greenberg Baron Simon & Miller. He then served as a senior policy advisor to Governor Roy Romer from 1997 to 1999. He also worked for Democratic Congressman David Skaggs. In 2009, Romanoff joined International Development Enterprises as a senior advisor. In 2013 he founded the Posner Center for International Development — now home to nearly 200 organizations dedicated to the eradication of global poverty.

From 2015 to 2019, Romanoff served as President & CEO of Mental Health Colorado, the state's leading advocate for the prevention and treatment of mental health and substance use disorders.

Since 2021, Romanoff has been executive director of Great Expectations, a chief provider of guidance and support for at-risk families in the Roaring Fork and Colorado River valleys.

Romanoff has taught government at the University of Colorado Denver, the Community College of Aurora, Metropolitan State University of Denver, and Red Rocks Community College.

Colorado House of Representatives
Romanoff was a member of the Colorado House of Representatives from 2001 to 2009, winning election to four terms, and earning bipartisan acclaim as one of the most effective legislative leaders in America. He led Democrats to their first majority since 1974 and their first back-to-back majorities since 1962. He became Speaker of the House in 2005, and at the time was the youngest speaker in Colorado House history. Before becoming speaker he was the House Minority Leader and represented House District 6. He left the Colorado House after 2008 due to term limits.

Romanoff authored laws to strengthen mental health and substance use services, to expand home and community-based care for older Coloradans, and to protect the victims of domestic violence and sexual assault. He spearheaded the Colorado Economic Recovery Act (Referendum C) and the largest investment in school construction in state history.

Romanoff led the legislature to create The Colorado Channel, providing live television coverage of the General Assembly. In 2008, Governing Magazine named him Public Official of the Year.

2010 U.S. Senate election
In early 2009, U.S. Senator Ken Salazar was nominated and confirmed as United States Secretary of the Interior. Romanoff was on a short list of possible candidates for appointment to Salazar's seat, but Governor Bill Ritter chose Denver schools' superintendent Michael Bennet. Romanoff opted to challenge Bennet for the Senate seat in the Democratic primary.

Romanoff defeated Bennet in the Democratic State Assembly, with 60.4% of the vote to Bennet's 39.6%, thereby earning the first spot on the August primary ballot.

On August 10, 2010, Romanoff was defeated by Bennet in the Democratic primary.

Job offer from the Obama administration
On September 27, 2009, Michael Riley of the Denver Post reported that Romanoff had been offered a position in the Obama administration in exchange for not running for U.S. Senate against Michael Bennet. According to Riley, Obama's deputy Chief of Staff Jim Messina called Romanoff to offer him various positions in the administration, including a position at the United States Agency for International Development. Romanoff turned down the offer.

On June 2, 2010, Romanoff issued a statement confirming that Messina had contacted him on September 11, 2009, and told him that Obama was going to support Bennet in the Democratic Party primary. Romanoff told Messina that he would run anyway; Messina "suggested three positions that might be available to me were I not pursuing the Senate race. He added that he could not guarantee my appointment to any of these positions." White House deputy press secretary Bill Burton told The Washington Post, "Mr. Romanoff was recommended to the White House from Democrats in Colorado for a position in the administration. There were some initial conversations with him, but no job was ever offered." Messina sent Romanoff job descriptions for three positions: an administrator for the Latin America and Caribbean Bureau within USAID, the chief of the Office of Democracy and Governance within USAID, and the director of the U.S. Trade and Development Agency.

On June 10, 2010, KDVR reported that Bennet said he had known about the White House's offer to Romanoff.

2014 U.S. House election
Romanoff ran for the United States House of Representatives from Colorado's 6th congressional district in 2014. On October 8, 2014, the Aurora Sentinel endorsed Romanoff. He lost to incumbent Republican Mike Coffman, 42.99% to 51.90%.

2020 U.S. Senate election
On February 7, 2019, Romanoff announced his candidacy to challenge incumbent Republican Senator Cory Gardner in the 2020 election. Among Romanoff supporters was progressive populist radio host Jim Hightower. Romanoff won the statewide caucuses with 86% of the vote but was defeated by former Governor John Hickenlooper in the Democratic primary.

Political positions
A political progressive, Romanoff has advocated for a Green New Deal and Medicare for All.

title: Andrew Romanoff


text:
Talk:Twelve Year Silence

Fair use rationale for Image:Twelveyearsilence.jpg
Image:Twelveyearsilence.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images lacking such an explanation can be deleted one week after being tagged, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot (talk) 05:03, 21 January 2008 (UTC)

title: Talk:Twelve Year Silence


text:
Non sequitur

Non sequitur may refer to:

 * Non sequitur (fallacy), an invalid argument whose conclusion is not supported by its premises
 * Non sequitur (literary device), an irrelevant, often humorous comment to a preceding topic or statement
 * Non Sequitur (comic strip), a comic strip by Wiley Miller
 * "Non Sequitur" (Star Trek: Voyager), an episode of Star Trek: Voyager

title: Non sequitur


text:
List of X episodes

X is a 24-episode anime television series, based on Clamp's manga series of the same name. The series was produced by Madhouse and directed by Yoshiaki Kawajiri, being first announced by the manga artists group on October 18, 2000. The story takes place at the end of days, in the year 1999. The series follows Kamui Shiro, a young esper who returns home to Tokyo after a six-year absence to face his destiny as the one who will determine humanity's fate.

The script was handled by Hiroko Tokita, Kazuyuki Fudeyasu, Kenji Sugihara and Yuki Enatsu. Koshinori Kanemori adapted Clamp's character designs and served as art director alongside Yuji Ikeda. Clamp headwriter Nanase Ohkawa stated the manga group left everything in the hands of staff in charge for it, including the scripts, the cast choices and everything else. As a result, Ohkawa considered herself and her colleagues as viewers. They found the television series as a proper adaptation of the manga even though the source material never reached its ending.

In anticipation to the series premiere, an original video animation (OVA) was produced: An Omen (予兆). It was directed-to-DVD on August 25, 2001. Written and directed by Kawajiri, the OVA tells the story of the upcoming battles through the prophecies of Kakyō Kuzuki, dreamgazer for the organization Dragon of Earth, and acts as primer for viewers not familiar with Clamp's manga. The series premiered on October 3, 2001, on Wowow satellite television and finished on March 27, 2002, totaling twenty-four episodes. A total of twelve DVD volumes from the series, each containing two episodes, were released in Japan from February 25, 2001, to January 25, 2002, by Bandai Visual.

The series was first licensed in North America by Pioneer Entertainment in March 2002. Geneon collected the series and the OVA in a total of eight DVD volumes released between September 24, 2002, and November 25, 2003. Two DVD box sets of the series were also released on January 11, 2005. In 2006, Geneon released the X TV Series Re-Mix, which was composed of five individual DVDs released between July 11, 2006, and November 14, 2006, as well as a DVD box set on July 11, 2006. The DVDs came with re-mastered video and audio, including remixed 5.1 Dolby Digital AC3 surround sound for both the Japanese and English tracks. In September 2009, Funimation Entertainment announced that it had acquired the rights to the anime series and OVA. They were re-released them in a DVD box it on June 15, 2010, using the original Geneon dubbing (provided by Bang Zoom! Entertainment) for the English-language audio track. The series was also streamed in Hulu in 2010 by Funimation.

The music for the series was composed by Naoki Satō with two original soundtracks being released. The TV series uses two theme songs: "eX Dream" by Masatoshi Nishimura (credited as "Myuji") is used as the opening theme, while "Secret Sorrow" by Kohei Koizumi is used as the ending theme. The OVA's ending theme is "Strength" by Kouhei Koizumi.

English

 * North America

 * Remix

 * Boxsets

 * Region 2

title: List of X episodes


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File:ItEndedOnanOilyStage.jpg

Single cover for the British Sea Power single of the same name.

Fair use rationale for use in It Ended On an Oily Stage

 * The image is low resolution.
 * Copies could not be used to make illegal copies of the album artwork on another CD;
 * No free equivalent is available or could be created that would adequately give the same information.
 * The image does not replace the original market role of the CD.
 * Its use here does not limit the copyright owner's rights to sell the CD in any way.
 * The image has previously been published and is freely available elsewhere on the internet.
 * The image meets general Wikipedia content requirements.
 * The image contributes significantly to the article by illustrating the subject of the article.
 * The image is significant because it was made by a famous artist.

title: File:ItEndedOnanOilyStage.jpg


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Category:Rhinocryptidae

Rhinocryptidae is a family of the bird order Passeriformes.

title: Category:Rhinocryptidae


text:
Talk:WrestleMania V

Times
The match times, which I went in and edited a while ago, are back to their original, incorrect forms: the times listed are of the 'clipped' matches that aired on the Coliseum Video version, rather than the actual running times.

Follow-Up
Okay, I went back in and changed the match results to their correct running times. Please do not get angry about this; these are the actual running times. Yes, I am aware that if one watches the edited Coliseum Video version of Wrestlemania V, sits with a stopwatch, and times the matches, the times which were previously listed here will come up. It should be noted that the in the review of this event which was the source of the results, the copy reviewed was the edited Coliseum Video, and thus, the reviewer timed the matches accordingly. However, the official unedited times of the matches are what should be posted here, and those times can be found by either watching a copy of the WWF Home Video version of the event, or an original PPV copy, as well as searching out various credible websites for the results. This was not done out of malice, but rather for the sake of accuracy.

an to a
changed an legdrop to a legdrop —The preceding unsigned comment was added by HeatGuyRed (talk • contribs) 21:05, 11 April 2007 (UTC).
 * Thanks, but you don't really need to tell us since it's not a controversial edit. TJ Spyke 21:06, 11 April 2007 (UTC)

Incorrect Team Name
Honky Tonk Man and Greg Valentine were not yet known as Rhythem & Blues at this point. (Krendall 16:56, 18 June 2007 (UTC))
 * Do you have a source? I'm pretty sure they were, I rented the WrestleMania Anthology and remember them being called this at one WM. TJ Spyke 21:52, 18 June 2007 (UTC)

Krendall is right. Honky Tonk and Valentine definately were not known as Rhythm and Blues at the time of Wrestlemania 5 where they wrestled as "Honky Tonk Man & Greg the Hammer Valentine. After losing to the Hart Foundation at WM5 Honky Tonk and Valentine returned to singles competition for several months until they were re-united with the gimmick that they had recorded an album and they were then named "Rhythm and Blues". In the R&B gimmick Valentine sports jet-black hair and he and HTM both play guitars. TJ Spyke is correct that they did appear at a WM using the name "Rhythm & Blues" which was Wrestlemania 6 the following year. At WM 6 they did not wrestle, instead performing their "Smash hit" "Honka Honka Honka Honky Love". They both sang and played guitars, and Valentine's singing was incredibly bad. After the song was over Honky Tonk asked the crowd if they wanted to hear another song. He then saw 2 "souvenir vendors" close to the ring, and complained that the souvenir vendors were rudely selling merchandise during the performance. The vendors turned out to be the Bushwackers in disguise and they then smashed R&B's guitars.

Added name of referee
Not too controversial, I realize, but I added the name of Freddie Sparta under the referees section. During the Hart Foundation - Valentine/Honky Tonk match, Gorilla Monsoon can be heard saying, "C'mon Sparta, turn around and look at what's happening!" to which Jesse Ventura replies, "Sparta?" Monsoon: "The referee, Freddie Sparta."

AD69.243.244.231 23:35, 4 November 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:WMVsavage.jpg
Image:WMVsavage.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

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BetacommandBot (talk) 13:43, 21 January 2008 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Wmvhulkster.jpg
Image:Wmvhulkster.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images lacking such an explanation can be deleted one week after being tagged, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot (talk) 03:06, 12 February 2008 (UTC)

title: Talk:WrestleMania V


text:
Hog-Eye

A Hog-Eye in Missouri is a small compact place sunk in a hollow. There were once several places in Missouri called Hog-Eye:

 * Hog-Eye in Vernon County, Missouri, renamed Nevada in 1855
 * Hog-Eye in Saint Francois County, Missouri, renamed Haggai in 1890, although it still retained its old pronunciation
 * Hog-Eye in Wayne County, Missouri, renamed Lowndes
 * Hog-Eye in Dallas County, Missouri, renamed Charity
 * Hogeye, Texas in Hunt County, Texas
 * Hogeye, Arkansas, near Fayetteville, Arkansas
 * Hogeye, California, former name of Keyesville, California
 * Hog Eye, West Virginia

Other uses for Hog-Eye or Hogeye include:
 * The Hogeye Marathon and Relays, held in Fayetteville, Arkansas
 * The Hogeye Festival, held in Elgin, Texas
 * Hogeye (ISBN 0-395-74276-5), a children's novel by Susan Meddaugh
 * A Hog-Eye was distinctive flat-bottom boat or barge used in the shallow waters surrounding San Francisco Bay during the California Gold Rush, named from the dismissive name 'ditch-hog' applied to rivermen by deep-water sailors
 * The term "hog-eye" was used in early blues songs as a euphemism for the female genitalia

title: Hog-Eye


text:
Midnight Train to Georgia

"Midnight Train to Georgia" is a song most famously performed by Gladys Knight & the Pips, their second release after departing Motown Records for Buddah Records. Written by Jim Weatherly, and included on the Pips' 1973 LP Imagination, "Midnight Train to Georgia" became the group's first single to top the Billboard Hot 100. It also won the 1974 Grammy Award for Best R&B Vocal Performance By A Duo, Group Or Chorus and has become Knight's signature song.

The song is sung from the perspective of someone whose lover, having failed to become a Hollywood star, is leaving Los Angeles to move back to Georgia, taking the titular "midnight train". The singer expresses her commitment to joining him in Georgia: "I'll be with him.... I got to go."

Background
The song was originally written and performed by Jim Weatherly under the title "Midnight Plane to Houston", which he recorded on Jimmy Bowen's Amos Records. "It was based on a conversation I had with somebody... about taking a midnight plane to Houston," Weatherly recalls. "I wrote it as a kind of a country song. Then we sent the song to a guy named Sonny Limbo in Atlanta and he wanted to cut it with Cissy Houston... he asked if I minded if he changed the title to "Midnight Train to Georgia". And I said, 'I don't mind. Just don't change the rest of the song.'"

Weatherly, in a later interview with Gary James, stated that the phone conversation in question had been with Farrah Fawcett, and he used Fawcett and her friend Lee Majors, whom she had just started dating, "as kind of like characters." Weatherly, at a program in Nashville, said he had been the quarterback at the University of Mississippi, and the NFL didn't work out for him, so he was in Los Angeles trying to write songs. He was in a rec football league with Lee Majors and called Majors one night. Farrah Fawcett answered the phone and he asked what she was doing. She said she was "taking the midnight plane to Houston" to visit her family. He thought that was a catchy phrase for a song, and in writing the song, wondered why someone would leave L.A. on the midnight plane – which brought the idea of a "superstar, but he didn't get far".

Gospel/soul singer Cissy Houston recorded the song as "Midnite Train to Georgia" (spelled "Midnight ..." on the UK single) released in 1973. Her version can also be found on her albums Midnight Train to Georgia: The Janus Years (1995), and the reissue of her 1970 debut album, Presenting Cissy Houston originally released on Janus Records.

Knight had changed record companies from Motown to Buddah Records, a company with a broader appeal. Weatherly's publisher forwarded the Houston version to Gladys Knight and the Pips, who followed Houston's lead and kept the title "Midnight Train to Georgia" but changed the character of the song. Tony Camillo and Ed Stasium recorded and produced the Al Green-inspired instrumental backing track using a basic band set-up. The vocal recording introduced Knight to ad-libbing towards the end, assisted by her brother. The Pips featured prominently in the call-and-response aspect of the song.

The single debuted on the Hot 100 at number 71 and became the group's first number-one hit eight weeks later when it jumped from number 5 to number 1 on October 27, 1973, replacing "Angie" by the Rolling Stones. It remained in the top position for two weeks. It was replaced by "Keep On Truckin' (Part 1)" by Eddie Kendricks. It also reached number one on the soul singles chart, their fifth on that chart. The record was awarded an RIAA Gold single (for selling one million copies) on October 18, 1973. On the UK Singles Chart, it peaked at number ten on June 5, 1976.

Eddie Middleton had a degree of success with the song. His version made it into the Cash Box Top 100 Country chart and on the fourth week on July 2, 1977, it peaked at no. 84.

In her autobiography, Between Each Line of Pain and Glory, Gladys Knight wrote that she hoped the song was a comfort to the many thousands who come each year from elsewhere to Los Angeles to realize the dream of being in motion pictures, television or music, but then fail to realize that dream and plunge into despair.

In 1999, "Midnight Train to Georgia" was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame. It currently ranks #470 on Rolling Stone's updated list of their 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.

Appearance in other media
The song appears in the Vietnam War film The Deer Hunter, playing in a strip club in Saigon visited by Nick (Christopher Walken) in one scene.

The song plays a notable role in the 1987 film Broadcast News. The character Aaron Altman listens to the song while at home, upset at not being chosen to work on a special breaking news report. While reading a book and simultaneously juggling remotes for his stereo and his television to mute one or the other, he sings:

I can sing while I read

I am singing and reading both!

Episode 20 ("The Choice") of season 6 of the American medical drama House features a scene where the characters Gregory House, Robert Chase and Eric Foreman perform a karaoke rendition of the song.

Episode 210 of the TV series 30 Rock ends with Kenneth Parcell attempting to take the midnight train to Georgia after getting addicted to caffeine, only to return quickly noting that the train actually leaves at 23:45. The episode ends with a rendition of the song by most of the cast (and a speaking-only cameo by Knight herself).

Ben Stiller, Jack Black and Robert Downey Jr. re-enacted The Pips' dance moves from a live performance of the song for the season seven finale of American Idol.

Garry Trudeau did a Sunday color Doonesbury comic strip featuring this song, though Georgia was changed to the ignominious "Cranston" in Rhode Island, and an unnamed song/dance group; it was published on July 28, 1974. It has been informally referred to as the "Beats Working" strip.

Episode 56 of Will and Grace featured the title characters posing as millionaires interested in purchasing Sandra Bernhard's co-op, with the latter inviting them to sing along during a rehearsal in which she was rehearsing this song. Bernhard also performed the song during her 1998 one-woman show I'm Still Here... Damn It!

The song was mentioned in "The Ice of Boston", a song on The Dismemberment Plan's 1997 album The Dismemberment Plan Is Terrified.

The cast of Modern Family sing the chorus of the song in the Season 5 episode "The Late Show".

Sports channel FS1 used the song in their closing montage for the 2021 World Series, as the Atlanta Braves won the World Series that year.

Personnel
Production and vocals
 * Lead vocals by Gladys Knight
 * Background vocals by Merald "Bubba" Knight, Eddie Patten, and William Guest
 * Written by Jim Weatherly
 * Produced and arranged by Tony Camillo
 * Co-produced by Gladys Knight, Merald "Bubba" Knight, Eddie Patten, and William Guest

Track details

Initial track recorded at Venture Sound Studios, Hillsborough, New Jersey, 1973:
 * Drums: Andrew Smith
 * Bass: Bob Babbitt
 * Guitar: Jeff Mironov (playing a 1955 Fender Stratocaster)
 * Electric piano: Tony Camillo

Overdubs recorded at Venture Sound Studios:
 * Acoustic piano: Barry Miles
 * Hammond organ: Tony Camillo
 * Percussion: Tony Camillo
 * Violin: Norman Carr
 * Cello: Jesse Levy
 * Trumpet: Randy Brecker
 * Saxophone: Michael Brecker
 * Trombone: Meco Monardo
 * Vocals were recorded at Artie Fields Studio in Detroit. Gladys Knight recorded her lead vocals in a single take. She later recorded a punch-in of a single line in New York City.
 * Recorded and mixed by Ed Stasium

title: Midnight Train to Georgia


text:
Christian van Adrichem

Christian Kruik van Adrichem, or Christianus Crucius Adrichomius, (February 13, 1533 – June 20, 1585) was a Catholic priest and theological writer.

Biography
Van Adrichem was born in Delft. He was ordained in 1566, and was Director of the Convent of St. Barbara in Delft before being expelled by the storm of the Reformation. He died in Cologne.

His works are: Vita Jesu Christi (Antwerp, 1578) and Theatrum Terrae Sanctae et Biblicarum Historiarum (Cologne, 1590). This last work gives a description of Palestine, of the antiquities of Jerusalem, and a chronology from Adam till the death of John the Apostle in 109.

title: Christian van Adrichem


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Roman Rite

The Roman Rite (Ritus Romanus) is the most common ritual family for performing the ecclesiastical services of the Latin Church, the largest of the sui iuris particular churches that comprise the Catholic Church. The Roman Rite governs rites such as the Roman Mass and the Liturgy of the Hours as well as the manner in which sacraments and blessings are performed.

The Roman Rite developed in the Latin language in the city of Rome and, while distinct Latin liturgical rites such as the Ambrosian Rite remain, the Roman Rite has gradually been adopted almost everywhere in the Latin Church. In medieval times there were numerous local variants, even if all of them did not amount to distinct rites, yet uniformity increased as a result of the invention of printing and in obedience to the decrees of the Council of Trent of 1545–1563 (see Quo primum). Several Latin liturgical rites that survived into the 20th century were abandoned after the Second Vatican Council. The Roman Rite is now the most widespread liturgical rite not only in the Catholic Church but in Christianity as a whole.

The Roman Rite has been adapted through the centuries and the history of its Eucharistic liturgy can be divided into three stages: the Pre-Tridentine Mass, Tridentine Mass, and Mass of Paul VI. It is now normally celebrated in the form promulgated by Pope Paul VI in 1969 and revised by Pope John Paul II in 2002, but use of the Roman Missal of 1962 remains authorized under the conditions indicated in the 2021 papal document Traditionis Custodes.

Comparison with Eastern rites
The Roman Rite is noted for its sobriety of expression. In its Tridentine form, it was noted also for its formality: the Tridentine Missal minutely prescribed every movement, to the extent of laying down that the priest should put his right arm into the right sleeve of the alb before putting his left arm into the left sleeve (Ritus servandus in celebratione Missae, I, 3). Concentration on the exact moment of change of the bread and wine into the Body and Blood of Christ has led, in the Roman Rite, to the consecrated Host and the chalice being shown to the people immediately after the Words of Institution. If, as was once most common, the priest offers Mass while facing ad apsidem (towards the apse), ad orientem (towards the east) if the apse is at the east end of the church, he shows them to the people, who are behind him, by elevating them above his head. As each is shown, a bell (once called "the sacring bell") is rung and, if incense is used, the host and chalice are incensed (General Instruction of the Roman Missal, 100). Sometimes the external bells of the church are rung as well. Other characteristics that distinguish the Roman Rite from the rites of the Eastern Catholic Churches are genuflections and keeping both hands joined together.

Antiquity of the Roman Mass
In his 1912 book on the Roman Mass, Adrian Fortescue wrote: "Essentially the Missal of Pius V is the Gregorian Sacramentary; that again is formed from the Gelasian book, which depends on the Leonine collection. We find the prayers of our Canon in the treatise de Sacramentis and allusions to it in the 4th century. So our Mass goes back, without essential change, to the age when it first developed out of the oldest liturgy of all. It is still redolent of that liturgy, of the days when Caesar ruled the world and thought he could stamp out the faith of Christ, when our fathers met together before dawn and sang a hymn to Christ as to a God. The final result of our inquiry is that, in spite of unsolved problems, in spite of later changes, there is not in Christendom another rite so venerable as ours." In a footnote he added: "The prejudice that imagines that everything Eastern must be old is a mistake. Eastern rites have been modified later too; some of them quite late. No Eastern Rite now used is as archaic as the Roman Mass."

In the same book, Fortescue acknowledged that the Roman Rite underwent profound changes in the course of its development. His ideas are summarized in the article on the "Liturgy of the Mass" that he wrote for the Catholic Encyclopedia (published between 1907 and 1914) in which he pointed out that the earliest form of the Roman Mass, as witnessed in Justin Martyr's 2nd-century account, is of Eastern type, while the Leonine and Gelasian Sacramentaries, of about the 6th century, "show us what is practically our present Roman Mass". In the interval, there was what Fortescue called "a radical change". He quoted the theory of A. Baumstark that the Hanc Igitur, Quam oblationem, Supra quæ and Supplices, and the list of saints in the Nobis quoque were added to the Roman Canon of the Mass under "a mixed influence of Antioch and Alexandria", and that "St. Leo I began to make these changes; Gregory I finished the process and finally recast the Canon in the form it still has."

Fortescue concluded:
 * We have then as the conclusion of this paragraph that at Rome the Eucharistic prayer was fundamentally changed and recast at some uncertain period between the fourth and the sixth and seventh centuries. During the same time the prayers of the faithful before the Offertory disappeared, the kiss of peace was transferred to after the Consecration, and the Epiklesis was omitted or mutilated into our "Supplices" prayer. Of the various theories suggested to account for this it seems reasonable to say with Rauschen: "Although the question is by no means decided, nevertheless there is so much in favour of Drews's theory that for the present it must be considered the right one. We must then admit that between the years 400 and 500 a great transformation was made in the Roman Canon" (Euch. u. Busssakr., 86).

In the same article Fortescue went on to speak of the many alterations that the Roman Rite of Mass underwent from the 7th century on (see Pre-Tridentine Mass), in particular through the infusion of Gallican elements, noticeable chiefly in the variations for the course of the year. This infusion Fortescue called the "last change since Gregory the Great" (who died in 604).

The Eucharistic Prayer normally used in the Byzantine Rite is attributed to Saint John Chrysostom, who died in 404, exactly two centuries before Pope Gregory the Great. The East Syrian Eucharistic Prayer of Addai and Mari, which is still in use, is certainly much older.

Roman Missal
The Roman Missal (Missale Romanum) is the liturgical book that contains the texts and rubrics for the celebration of the Mass in the Roman Rite of the Catholic Church.

Before the high Middle Ages, several books were used at Mass: a Sacramentary with the prayers, one or more books for the Scriptural readings, and one or more books for the antiphons and other chants. Gradually, manuscripts came into being that incorporated parts of more than one of these books, leading finally to versions that were complete in themselves. Such a book was referred to as a Missale Plenum ("Full Missal"). In response to reforms called for in the Council of Trent, Pope Pius V promulgated, in the Apostolic Constitution Quo primum of 14 July 1570, an edition of the Roman Missal that was to be in obligatory use throughout the Roman Catholic Church except where there was a traditional liturgical rite that could be proved to be of at least two centuries' antiquity. The version of the Mass in the 1570s edition became known as the Tridentine Mass. Various relatively minor revision were made in the centuries following, culminating in the 1962 edition promulgated by Pope John XXIII. Pope John XXIII opened the Second Vatican Council that same year, whose participating bishops ultimately called for renewal and reform of the liturgy. The 1969 edition of the Roman Missal was promulgated by Pope Paul VI, issued in response to the council, introduced several major revisions, including simplifying the rituals and permitting translations into local vernacular languages. The version of the Mass in this missal, known colloquially as the Mass of Paul VI, is currently in use throughout the world.

Arrangement of churches
The Roman Rite of Mass no longer has the pulpitum, or rood screen, a dividing wall characteristic of certain medieval cathedrals in northern Europe, or the iconostasis or curtain that heavily influences the ritual of some other rites. In large churches of the Middle Ages and early Renaissance the area near the main altar, reserved for the clergy, was separated from the nave (the area for the laity) by means of a rood screen extending from the floor to the beam that supported the great cross (the rood) of the church and sometimes topped by a loft or singing gallery. However, by about 1800 the Roman Rite had quite abandoned rood screens, although some fine examples survive.

Chant
Gregorian chant is the traditional chant of the Roman Rite. Being entirely monophonic, it does not have the dense harmonies of present-day chanting in the Russian and Georgian churches. Except in such pieces as the graduals and alleluias, it does not have melismata as lengthy as those of Coptic Christianity. However, the music of the Roman Rite became very elaborate and lengthy when Western Europe adopted polyphony. While the choir sang one part of the Mass the priest said that part quietly to himself and continued with other parts, or he was directed by the rubrics to sit and wait for the conclusion of the choir's singing. Therefore, it became normal in the Tridentine Mass for the priest to say Mass, not sing it, in contrast to the practice in all Eastern rites. Only on special occasions and in the principal Mass in monasteries and cathedrals was the Mass sung.

title: Roman Rite


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Talk:Joy Padgett
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User talk:Tachyon01

How to use my talk page

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ArbCom elections are now open!
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Flesh Gordon

Flesh Gordon is a 1974 American superhero sex comedy feature film serving as a spoof of Universal Pictures first (of three) Flash Gordon serial films from the 1930s. The film was produced by Walter R. Cichy, Bill Osco, and Howard Ziehm. It was co-directed by Ziehm and Michael Benveniste, who also wrote the screenplay. The cast includes Gregory Loquist, Suzanne Fields, John Hoyt and William Dennis Hunt. It was distributed by Mammoth Films.

The storyline is reminiscent of the first Universal Pictures Flash Gordon serial Flash Gordon (1936), but written and directed with a purposely campy adult flavor. The planet Porno (in the serial: Mongo) and major characters are suggestive innuendos: the hero Flesh Gordon (Flash Gordon); his love interest Dale Ardor (Dale Arden); the evil Emperor Wang the Perverted (Ming the Merciless); scientist Dr. Flexi Jerkoff (Dr. Alexi Zarkov); seductive Amora, queen of Magic (Ming's daughter Aura); and gay Prince Precious (Prince Barin). The film features production values comparable to the original serial, but with stop-motion animation of creatures, frequent use of gratuitous nudity, and brief sex scenes.

Plot
Distinguished Professor Gordon explains that Earth is being tormented by periodic "sex rays", which send people into a sexual frenzy. When one of the rays hits the passenger aircraft carrying Flesh Gordon and Dale Ardor, the pilots abandon the controls and everyone aboard has manic sex. Realizing no one is flying the plane, Flesh temporarily snaps out of the effects of the ray and tries to pilot the vehicle, to no avail. Seeing no other solution, he takes a parachute and escapes with Dale from the imminent crash. They land near the workshop of Dr. Flexi Jerkoff, who has a plan to stop the sex rays at their source.

They travel to the planet Porno aboard Jerkoff's phallic rocket ship, and are briefly hit by a sex ray, resulting in a frantic three-way orgy. After being shot down by the minions of Emperor Wang, the heroes crash land. They run away from their pursuers and enter a nearby cave, where several one-eyed Penisauruses attack them. Wang's soldiers then shoot down the creatures and imprison the earthlings. They are brought before Wang, who is presiding over a sex orgy of more than a dozen men and women. Jerkoff is sent to work in the palace's laboratory, while Wang announces his intention to marry Dale. Flesh is sentenced to death, but is saved from execution by Queen Amora, who takes him as her sex slave. To achieve this, Amora takes Flesh to her ship, which departs for the stars while she hypnotizes him and they make love.

Angry at her rebellious attitude, Wang shoots down Amora's airship, and Flesh is the only survivor. Jerkoff escapes the palace and reunites with Flesh, and they resume their efforts to defeat Emperor Wang. To aid them in their quest, Amora's spirit lends them her "power pasties", which turn out to be powerful weapons against Porno's soldiers. The heroes manage to interrupt Wang and Dale's wedding before it is fully realized, and a fight ensues. During it, Dale is kidnapped by Amazonian lesbians. Their leader, Chief Nellie, attempts to initiate Dale into their warrior sex cult. Flesh and Jerkoff save her, unexpectedly aided by Prince Precious of the Forest Kingdom.

With help from their new ally, Jerkoff builds a weapon to destroy the sex ray. During the mission, they confront Wang and trick his "rapist robots" into turning on him. However, Wang escapes, seeking the aid of the towering idol of the Great God Porno. Porno comes to life and captures Dale, doing a running commentary like a jaded hipster as they flee. Shooting the living idol, Jerkoff frees Dale and causes the god to fall on Wang. The crash destroys the sex ray and kills them both. Flesh, Dale, and Jerkoff are celebrated as heroes of the planet Porno, thank Prince Precious (the true heir of planet Porno) and return to Earth.

Cast

 * Jason Williams as Flesh Gordon
 * Suzanne Fields as Dale Ardor
 * Joseph Hudgins as Dr. Flexi Jerkoff
 * William Dennis Hunt as Emperor Wang the Perverted
 * John Hoyt as Professor Gordon
 * Candy Samples as Chief Nellie
 * Mycle Brandy as Prince Precious
 * Nora Wieternik as Amora, Queen of Magic
 * Lance Larsen as Guard for Emperor Wang
 * Robert V. Greene (voice) as Narrator
 * Craig T. Nelson (uncredited voice) as The Great God Porno

Production
Flesh Gordon was shot in 1971, and according to producer Bill Osco, cost $470,000 to make. Osco intended to hold out for a major distributor to pay a $1 million advance to secure the American release rights.

The film initially was assigned a MPAA rating of X, but was then re-edited, receiving a reclassified rating of R. The original running time was 78 minutes, but the later, unrated "collector's edition" video release runs 90 minutes.

Flesh Gordon employed special effects artists who later gained Hollywood fame, including Mike Minor, Greg Jein, and Rick Baker. Established effects artists Jim Danforth (listed backward in the credits as Mij Htrofnad) and Dave Allen also worked on the film. The low-budget special effects were achieved using old-fashioned techniques: For example, the model of Wang's palace was created using everyday objects, such as drinking glasses, and was designed to resemble Griffith Observatory so actual footage shot at the base of the observatory could be easily integrated into the scenes.

Los Angeles-area Star Trek fan and writer Bjo Trimble was a makeup artist on Flesh Gordon; she described these experiences in her book On the Good Ship Enterprise: My 15 Years with Star Trek. Other Los Angeles-area science fiction fans worked, at times, in various capacities on the film, including science fiction and fantasy artist George Barr who designed and illustrated the theatrical release poster, and Cornelius Cole III, who animated the opening title credits sequence. Longtime fan and science fiction and fantasy writer Tom Reamy served in the art department as the production's property master. He tracked down many of the screen-used props, including authentic, full-sized Ford Trimotor wicker passenger seats (matching the film's Tri-Motor aircraft miniature) used in an early scene.

The towering creature was not originally intended to speak, but it proved so expressive that dialogue was dubbed over to match its mouth movements. Addressed as the Great God Porno in this dialogue, the special effects crew named him Nesuahyrrah, a tribute to stop-motion animation master Ray Harryhausen, spelling his name backwards.

According to Ziehm's DVD audio commentary, the film was shot using scenes of straight and gay hardcore pornography. These were cut after Ziehm found himself in legal trouble: Producing pornography in Los Angeles was legally viewed as pandering at that time. The X-rated footage was surrendered to L.A. vice police. Although some explicit shots can be briefly seen during Wang's throne room orgy scenes, the "collector's edition" video, labelled "the original, uncensored version", is no more explicit than any of the earlier video releases.

Also according to Ziehm's DVD audio commentary, Universal Studios was planning to sue Graffiti Productions over the first part of Flesh Gordon being too similar to the first chapter of Universal's 1936 Flash Gordon serial film that it bordered on plagiarism. To avoid a lawsuit, Ziehm added an opening text scroll that stated that Flesh Gordon was a burlesque style parody of the Depression Era superheroes of America's past; he also added "Not to be confused with the original Flash Gordon" to all advertising materials.

Critical reception
Vivian Sobchack commented that Flesh Gordon is "a skin flick hilariously molded around the Flash Gordon serials, and fully and lovingly aware of genre conventions from special effects to dialogue." Vincent Canby of The New York Times wrote: "What wit the film posseses had gone into the physical production [...] The acting is broad, which may be as it should be, although it quickly becomes monotonous unless you have a high tolorence for contemporary camp." Variety was more pointed in its review: "Puerile is the word for this softcore spoof of the sci-fi serials of the 1930s. By attempting to combine sexplicity and low-level camp, pic emerges as an expensive-looking mish-mash of obvious double-entendres, idiotic characterizations and dull situations."

The film was nominated for the 1975 Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation (the only indie production nominated that year), but lost to Mel Brooks' Young Frankenstein.

On Rotten Tomatoes the film has a rating of 67% based on reviews from 6 critics.

Legacy
The sequel Flesh Gordon Meets the Cosmic Cheerleaders was released in 1990.

A four-issue comic book, written by Daniel Wilson and published by Aircel Comics, was published in 1992.

Famous Flesh Gordon's was a strip club operating in London, Ontario. The club was closed in 2015 after the provincial government revoked its liquor license due to the owner's connection with the Hells Angels.

title: Flesh Gordon


text: Portal:Schools

title: Portal:Schools