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Ankang (asylum)

Ankang is a name shared by a number of psychiatric hospitals or asylums in China. The term literally means "peace and health [for the mentally ill]". Many of these institutions are prison-hospitals for holding prisoners judged to be mentally ill, and operate directly under the local Public Security Bureau. As a result, "ankang" is sometimes used in the Western press to denote the system of prison-hospitals in China. However, not all ankang hospitals are prison-hospitals, and some offer conventional psychiatric and medical treatment services.

Some patients sent to these institutions are political prisoners or Falun Gong practitioners. By some estimates 3,000 political prisoners are held in about 25 ankang institutions across China.

List of ankang hospitals
According to the United States Department of State, there were 20 ankang hospitals in China in early 2009, which are overseen by the Ministry of Public Security.

According to an August 2022 report by Safeguard Defenders, there are 25 ankang hospitals in China. In addition to these ankang facilities, the police also make use of general psychiatric facilities run by China's Ministry of Health and Ministry of Civil Affairs and of the 144 cases in the report, only four took place in an Ankang facility.
 * Beijing Ankang Hospital (北京市安康医院), Fangshan District (1800 beds), Psychiatric facilities: yes
 * Chengdu Ankang Hospital (成都市安康医院) Sichuan (500 beds), Psychiatric facilities: yes
 * Hangzhou Ankang Hospital (杭州安康医院), Zhejiang (520 beds)
 * Jinan Ankang Hospital/Shandong province Ankang Hospital (济南安康医院/山东省安康医院), Shandong (1040 beds), Psychiatric facilities: yes
 * Nanjing Ankang Hospital (南京市安康医院), Jiangsu (112 beds)
 * Ningbo PSB Ankang Hospital (宁波市公安局安康医院), Zhejiang
 * Shanghai PSB Ankang Hospital (上海市公安局安康医院)
 * Tangshan Municipal Ankang Hospital (唐山市安康医院), Hebei (150 beds)
 * Tianjin Municipal Ankang Hospital (天津市安康医院), Psychiatric facilities: yes
 * Wuan Ankang Hospital (武安市安康医院), Hubei (Est 1988, 120 beds), Psychiatric facilities: yes
 * Xi'an Ankang Hospital (西安市安康医院), Shaanxi (250 beds), Psychiatric facilities: yes

Controversies
Wang Wanxing, a prominent democracy activist with a history of anti-government protest, was again arrested on June 4, 1992, when he unfurled a banner in Tiananmen Square on the third anniversary of the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests. He was swiftly arrested and locked up in a psychiatric hospital near Beijing, for alleged "political monomania". Following his release in 2006, Wang was examined for two days by Dr. Raes and Dr. van der Meer, who said in a statement: "He was not suffering from any mental disorder that could justify his admission." Human Rights Watch says it has documented 3,000 cases of psychiatric punishment of political dissidents since the early 1980s.

In 2000, Robin J. Munro drew attention when he made allegations of abuses of forensic psychiatry in China. In 2002, Human Rights Watch and the Geneva Initiative on Psychiatry issued a report which alleged that Chinese dissidents, independent labour organisers, whistle-blowers and individuals who complain about official misconduct have been labelled "political maniacs" and locked up in mental hospitals simply for opposing the government. Symptoms of "political mania" as defined by the police include "shout[ing] reactionary slogans, writ[ing] reactionary banners and reactionary letters, mak[ing] anti-government speeches in public, and express[ing] opinions on important domestic and international affairs". Such individuals may be detained indefinitely in ankang centres.

In August 2022, Safeguard Defenders issued an 85-page report on forced hospitalization in psychiatric hospitals between 2015 and 2021 based on 144 cases involving 99 victims. Almost a third of the 99 victims had been sent to psychiatric facilities two or more times. Once inside, victims may stay there for months, even years. Nine victims have been inside for ten or more years. According to the report, victims are mostly petitioners and activists.

title: Ankang (asylum)


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File:Instinctual.jpg

Summary
Instinctual album cover

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: File:Instinctual.jpg


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Czech tramping

Tramping (in Czech and Slovak language) is a movement in the Czech Republic and Slovakia that incorporates woodcraft, hiking/backpacking/camping and scouting, styled on the culture of the United States, especially the Wild West. Tramping is also associated with a distinctive style of clothing, hiking culture, slang, and music known as Czech tramping music.

History
Czech interest in the culture of the United States was strong after the founding of Czechoslovakia in October 1918, which was supported by President Woodrow Wilson. Charlotte Garrigue, wife of Czech president Tomáš Masaryk, was an American citizen. Westerns were very popular in the country. In the 1880s, outdoor sports became popular in Czech society. World War I led to an increase in the desire for personal freedom and to be outdoors.

The origin of Czech tramping is linked to the tramp settlement Lost Hope near Svatojánske proudy on the Vltava River in 1918. Czech tramping was influenced by the scouting movement. Having been an original Czech movement, tramping became popular in Slovakia in 1925-1928.

Tramping became even more popular during the Great Depression, when many people sought entertainment on a low budget.

While tramping was generally apolitical, there was a strong leftwing, or even pro-communist faction in tramping; some people who dressed themselves in the style of the "Soviet Union", using Red Army equipment and Communist badges.

In 1931, provincial president Hugo Kubát introduced a decree known as "Kubát’s Law", which forbade unmarried couples from camping together or swimming in many places, as well as singing "indecent" songs. In 1935, the Supreme Court ruled the decree to be unconstitutional, after which tramping became even more popular.

Tramping gained importance during World War II, when the Nazis made forays into the woods illegal, though many people found them culturally and socially important. American musical expressions such as those that had enlivened interwar tramps' campfire gatherings became more politically potent as well as more uniquely Czech.

After the 1948 Czechoslovak coup d'état, several tramping organizations were dissolved by the communists. Much of the clothing used in tramping became rare due to supply chain issues.

By the 1960s, as liberalization intensified, culminating in the Prague Spring in January 1968 and leading to the Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia in August 1968, tramping was more homogenous; it was no longer predominantly for the lower classes. Under the rule of the communists, Czech tramping music was considered less objectionable than rock and roll and jazz and therefore it was more tolerated.

After the Velvet Revolution and the fall of communism, interest in tramping waned as international travel became easier, capitalism resulted in less free time and a wider variety of recreational activities, and scouting became more popular. Tramping has since become more relevant for its nostalgia.

Legality
Camping and making bonfires in many areas in the Czech Republic is illegal and as a result, tramping is illegal in many areas.

title: Czech tramping


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Michael D. Brown

Michael DeWayne Brown (born November 8, 1954) is an American attorney, and former government official who served as the administrator of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) from 2003 to 2005. He joined FEMA as general counsel in 2001 and became deputy director the same year. Appointed in January 2003 by President George W. Bush to lead FEMA, Brown resigned in September 2005 following his controversial handling of Hurricane Katrina. Brown currently hosts a radio talk show on 630 KHOW in Denver, Colorado.

Early life
Brown was born on November 8, 1954, in Guymon, Oklahoma, the son of Eloise (Ferguson) and Wayne Ellsworth Brown. He received a B.A. in public administration/political science from the Central State University (now the University of Central Oklahoma). He received his J.D. from Oklahoma City University School of Law in 1981.

While he was in college, from 1975 to 1978, he handled "labor and budget matters" as an assistant to the city manager of Edmond, Oklahoma (1980 population of 34,637). His White House biography stated that he had emergency services oversight in this position. However, the head of public relations for the city was quoted as denying that Brown had oversight over anybody and that "the assistant is more like an intern." She said, "Mike used to handle a lot of details. Every now and again, I'd ask him to write me a speech. He was very loyal. He was always on time. He always had on a suit and a starched white shirt." However, Claudia Deakins, the spokesperson for the City of Edmond, submitted information to the House Committee investigating Hurricane Katrina that Time Magazine, which described his resume as "padded," had taken her quotes out of context, and erroneously reported Brown's position at the City of Edmond. The former Mayor of Edmond, Carl Reherman, and the former City Attorney, Mary Ann Karns, each submitted affidavits to the House investigating committee showing that Brown did have emergency management experience.

While attending law school, Brown was appointed by the Chairman of the Senate Finance Committee of the Oklahoma Legislature as the Finance Committee Staff Director, where he oversaw state fiscal issues from 1980 to 1982. In 1981, he was elected to the city council for Edmond, but resigned to work in private practice.

Law career
Later in the 1980s, Brown lived in Enid, Oklahoma and practiced law there. During the Hurricane Katrina controversy, Stephen Jones, the senior partner and founder of the firm for which Brown worked, described him as "not serious and somewhat shallow" and stated that he had handled "transactional," rather than litigation work. Brown later went into solo practice.

He also taught at Oklahoma City University law school as an adjunct lecturer – although his FindLaw profile falsely misrepresented his occupation at that time as an "Outstanding Political Science Professor". From 1982 to 1988, he was the chairman of the Board of the Oklahoma Municipal Power Authority.

Brown ran for Congress in 1988 against Democratic incumbent Glenn English, who had not been challenged in the previous election. English's well-financed campaign soundly defeated Brown with 122,763 votes against 45,199. After losing, Brown promised to try again in 1990, saying, "I have an excellent chance of prevailing. It's a Democratic state, but a very Republican district." However, Brown did not run in 1990, and English beat his Republican opponent, Robert Burns, 110,100 votes to 27,540.

IAHA tenure
Brown was the Judges and Stewards Commissioner for the International Arabian Horse Association from 1989 to 2001. After numerous lawsuits were filed against the organization over disciplinary actions that Brown took against members violating the association's code of ethics, Brown resigned and negotiated a buy-out of his contract.

A March 2000 two-part report in the St. Louis Post-Dispatch, chronicling one of the disciplinary actions, lauded Brown for pursuing an investigation against David Boggs, "the kingpin of the Arabian horse world", despite internal pressure to end the inquiry. The Brown-led investigation found Boggs performed medically unnecessary surgery on horses to enhance their visual appeal. An ethics board suspended Boggs for five years. Boggs protested through multiple lawsuits against both the organization and Brown, alleging slander and defamation. Brown and the International Arabian Horse Association prevailed in each of the lawsuits brought by Boggs, but the lawsuits nonetheless took a financial toll. Some members interviewed felt Brown showed an imperious attitude, and nicknamed him "The Czar."

Brown started his own legal defense fund before resigning, a move he said was necessary to protect his family's assets. However, some insiders claimed that this was what really led to his ousting. He raised money from breeders for the fund as well as the International Arabian Horse Association, creating what some called a conflict of interest. Despite his contract stipulating that association was to pay all his personal legal expenses, on top of his $100,000 annual salary, the association initially refused to pay the legal bills. It was claimed that Brown created the legal defense fund on the advice of the association's own legal counsel.

Bush administration service
After President Bush entered office in January 2001, Brown joined FEMA as general counsel. He was the first person hired by his long-time friend, FEMA director Joe Allbaugh, who also ran Bush's election campaign in 2000. Allbaugh later named Brown his acting deputy director in September 2001. Bush formally nominated him as deputy director on March 22, 2002, and the Senate confirmed him many months later, after the September 11th attacks recovery effort in New York had subsided. Brown oversaw the recovery efforts for New York and surrounding states with the White House Office of Domestic Policy's Reuben Jeffery III who later became chairman of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission.

Prior to his nomination as undersecretary, the White House appointed Brown to head a transition team creating the Emergency Preparedness & Response Directorate within Department of Homeland Security. Before that, shortly after the September 11 attacks, Brown served on the Consequence Management Principals' Committee, which acted as the White House's policy coordination group for the federal domestic response to the attacks. Later, Bush asked him to head the Consequence Management Working Group to identify and resolve key issues regarding the federal response plan.

In August 2002, Bush appointed Brown to the Transition Planning Office for the new Department of Homeland Security, serving as the transition leader for the Emergency Preparedness and Response Division. As undersecretary, Brown also directed the National Incident Management System Integration Center, the National Disaster Medical System and the Nuclear Incident Response Team. After Bush announced the creation of the Department of Homeland Security, Allbaugh left government and Bush nominated Brown in January 2003 for the directorship of FEMA. Brown was sworn into his position on April 15, 2003.

On August 31, 2005, following Hurricane Katrina being named an "Incident of National Significance", Brown was named the Principal Federal Official and placed in charge of the federal government's response by Homeland Security Director Michael Chertoff. At the Mobile (Alabama) Regional Airport on September 2, 2005, President Bush, who had appointed Brown in 2003, praised him shortly after the storm hit, saying "Brownie, you're doing a heck of a job."

Following criticism for what some perceived as a lack of planning and coordination, on September 7, 2005, Coast Guard Chief of Staff Vice Admiral Thad Allen was named Brown's deputy and given operational control of search and rescue and recovery efforts. On September 9, 2005, Chertoff relieved Brown of all on-site relief duties along the Gulf Coast, officially replacing him with Vice Admiral Allen, and sending Brown back to Washington to continue FEMA's central operations. Brown told the Associated Press that "the press" was making him a scapegoat for the slow federal response to the hurricane.

Resignation from FEMA
On September 12, 2005, in the wake of what was widely believed to be incompetent handling of the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina by state, local and federal officials, Brown resigned, saying that it was "in the best interest of the agency and best interest of the president." Overall, at least 1,245 people had died in the hurricane and subsequent floods.

Brown's standing had also been damaged when the Boston Herald revealed his meager experience in disaster management before joining FEMA. Shortly after his resignation the Associated Press obtained a videotape of Brown briefing Bush, Governor Blanco, Mayor Nagin and others in which he questioned the wisdom of the Mayor's use of the Louisiana Superdome as a "shelter of last resort" and questioning the structural integrity of the Superdome.

At least one source, The Economist, suggested that Brown had been "pushed" out by the administration rather than having resigned voluntarily, although internal e-mails from Brown indicated that he was already planning to leave FEMA at the time Katrina hit. The same suggestion was made by at least one member of Congress during a hearing on what went wrong during Katrina. Brown concentrated his testimony at that hearing on alleging that Louisiana Governor Kathleen Blanco and New Orleans Mayor Ray Nagin bore most, if not all, of the blame for the failures in the response to Katrina, and that his only fault had been not to realize sooner their inability to perform their respective duties.

Although Brown resigned as Director, he remained undersecretary of Emergency Preparedness and Response. Chertoff granted Brown two 30-day contract extensions in order not to "sacrifice the real ability to get a full picture of Mike's experiences." Brown continued to receive his $148,000 annual salary until November 2, 2005, when he left in the middle of the second 30-day extension.

On November 2, 2005, Brown ended his contract early (it had been extended to mid-November by Chertoff) and left the federal government. On January 18, 2006, Brown stated that certain things could have been handled differently, such as calling in the military. As one of the largest natural disasters to ever strike the U.S., he stated, "It was beyond the capacity of the state and local governments, and it was beyond the capacity of FEMA." On February 10, 2006, Brown again testified before Congress, this time placing blame on the Department of Homeland Security for the poor handling of the disaster, asserting that the anti-terrorism focus of the department had caused it to deny resources needed to properly operate FEMA. In his February 2006 testimony, Brown also contradicted earlier claims that the White House was unaware of levees having been breached, stating: "For them to claim that we didn't have awareness of it is just baloney."

On March 1, 2006, AP released a recording of Brown and Bush in a video conference in which the vulnerability of the levee system was raised with a great deal of concern over potential loss of life. Bush denied any awareness of the possibility of a levee-related catastrophe in an interview.

Work for InferX Company
Brown began as an adviser to a publicly traded company, InferX which claimed its technology is the answer to US security concerns, as well as the credibility problems of the Department of Homeland Security and Federal Emergency Management Agency. Brown had been on the media circuit talking about technology that claims to screen for terror suspects, track threats in shipping containers and cargo hauling, and gather data for law enforcement tracking. In December 2007, Brown was named CEO of InferX and then appointed to the board of directors in April 2008. As of May 9, 2008 Brown and others left the company pending sale of InferX to another investor.

Work for Cotton Companies
, Brown worked for Cotton Companies, a private firm specializing in disaster recovery. Throughout 2007 and early 2008 Brown made appearances to the press on behalf of Cotton companies. In these appearances, he referred to the lessons that he had learned from his experiences as the head of FEMA during Hurricane Katrina.

Next of Kin Registry NOKR
In July 2009, Brown became the CEO of the Next of Kin Registry, an NGO in Washington DC. NOKR is a central depository for Emergency Contact information in the United States plus 87 other countries. The NGO is all volunteer driven.

Work for Cold Creek Solutions
On August 28, 2009, it was announced via press release emails "Former FEMA Director Michael Brown Joins Cold Creek Solutions, Offers Consulting Practice for Disaster Recovery" and also subsequently reported that Brown had joined Cold Creek Solutions as VP, Disaster Recovery Practice.

Radio talk show host
Brown filled in at various times on Denver radio station KOA after leaving government service. In February 2010 he was named the host of the Michael Brown Show from 7–10 pm weeknights on KOA, when not preempted by sports. Brown has embraced the criticism received during his handling of FEMA and has indicated that this gives him insight into when government fails. In mid-2012 Brown teamed up with Denver liberal KKZN host David Sirota for KHOW's Sirota-Brown show for KHOW's afternoon drive slot, but now hosts his own show, again called the Michael Brown Show. Politically, on the program, Brown describes himself as "very clearly center-right, conservative, with a strong libertarian bent."

Author
Brown co-authored a book, Deadly Indifference: The Perfect (Political) Storm: Hurricane Katrina, The Bush White House, and Beyond, about his experiences during Hurricane Katrina. The book was released June 16, 2011 and is published by Taylor Trade Publishing. Brown criticizes the performance of numerous people, including Bush, Trent Lott, Dennis Hastert, Ray Nagin, and Jesse Jackson, and critiques his own performance by stating that he failed to be ready for the press and was too timid in his response.

Hurricane Frances
In 2004, FEMA disbursed $30 million in disaster relief funds for Hurricane Frances to residents of Miami, Florida, where damage from Hurricane Frances was minimal. Brown admitted to $12 million in overpayments, but denied any serious mistakes, blaming a computer glitch. After investigating, the South Florida Sun-Sentinel wrote that Brown was responsible and called for him to be fired.

In January 2005, U.S. Rep. Robert Wexler (D-FL) publicly urged Bush to fire Brown, citing the Sun-Sentinel's report. Wexler repeated his call in April to Chertoff, citing new reports that FEMA sent inspectors with criminal records of robbery and embezzlement to do damage assessments.

Hurricane Katrina
In the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina, many Democratic politicians called for Brown to be fired immediately, including California Rep. Nancy Pelosi, Maryland Senator Barbara Mikulski, New York Senators Hillary Clinton and Chuck Schumer, Colorado Senator Ken Salazar, Michigan Rep. Carolyn Cheeks Kilpatrick and Senator Debbie Stabenow, Louisiana State Rep. Peter Sullivan, Nevada Senator Harry Reid, Delaware Senator Joe Biden, and Illinois Senator Dick Durbin.

Republican politicians such as Senator Trent Lott have also criticized Brown's leadership of FEMA. Brown's performance was defended, however, by Republicans such as former New York City Mayor Rudy Giuliani, Florida Governor Jeb Bush and former presidential speechwriter Pat Buchanan.

President Bush remarked "Brownie, you're doing a heck of a job" while touring Louisiana. "Heck of a job" soon became sarcastic slang for things done by politically connected cronies or general incompetence.

On August 29, 2005, five hours after the hurricane hit land, Brown made his first request for Homeland Security rescue workers to be deployed to the disaster area only after two days of training. He also told fire and rescue departments outside affected areas to refrain from providing trucks or emergency workers without a direct appeal from state or local governments in order to avoid coordination problems and the accusation of overstepping federal authority.

On September 1, 2005, Brown told Soledad O'Brien of CNN that he was unaware that New Orleans' officials had housed thousands of evacuees, who quickly ran out of food and water, in the Convention Center—even though major news outlets had been reporting on the evacuees' plight for at least a day. He also criticized those that were stuck in New Orleans as those "who chose not to evacuate, who chose not to leave the city" (disobeying a mandatory evacuation order).

On September 2, 2005, Chicago Mayor Richard M. Daley stated that he pledged firefighters, police officers, health department workers, and other resources on behalf of the city, but was only asked to send one tank truck.

Gail Collins, at the time editor of The New York Times' editorial page, called Brown "legendary as a disaster in his own right", and on Thanksgiving week in 2005, Brown was No. 1 on CNN's "Political Turkey of the Year" list for his handling of Katrina.

On August 28, 2007, Democratic presidential candidate John Edwards proposed what he called "Brownie's Law" requiring that "qualified people, not political hacks", lead key federal agencies.

E-mails
Brown's email messages were requested by a congressional house committee in November 2005 to investigate the federal government's handling of the Katrina disaster. Controversy arose when the approximately 1,000 e-mail messages between Brown, staff and acquaintances were released. Several of Brown's emails display an arguable lack of professionalism in his duties (per Charlie Melancon, the U.S. representative from Louisiana's 3rd congressional district – New Orleans – at the time).

On the day Katrina struck, Brown wrote "Can I quit now? Can I go home?" He later quipped to a friend on September 2 that he could not meet her because he was "trapped [as FEMA head] ... please rescue me."; and at another time "If you'll look at my lovely FEMA attire, you'll really vomit. I am a fashion god." In another e-mail, Brown's press secretary, Sharon Worthy, advised him to roll up his sleeves "to look more hard-working... Even the president rolled his sleeves to just below the elbow." An e-mail offering critical medical equipment went unanswered for four days.

Deepwater Horizon oil spill
Brown speaking about the Deepwater Horizon oil spill in May 2010 declared:

"This is exactly what they want, because now he can pander to the environmentalists and say, 'I'm gonna shut it down because it's too dangerous,'" ... "This president has never supported big oil, he's never supported offshore drilling, and now he has an excuse to shut it back down."

In contrast to Brown's claim, Obama had proposed a few weeks earlier major expansions of offshore oil and gas drilling as part of his "all of the above" energy policy. The spill did result in a spike in opposition to drilling among environmentalists, and the President did declare a 6-month moratorium on oil and gas drilling so that new safety measures could be put in place, resulting in loss of Republican support for major climate change legislation.

Hurricane Sandy
Brown criticized President Obama for responding to Hurricane Sandy faster than he responded to the attack on American diplomatic facilities at Benghazi, Libya. He also stated that he thought that President Obama was overplaying the likely threat from Sandy, and that the storm had hardly formed. He also noted "The storm was still forming, people were debating whether it was going to be as bad as expected, or not, and I noted that the president should have let the governors and mayors deal with the storm until it got closer to hitting the coastal areas along the Washington, D.C.–New York City corridor."

In an interview with Denver Westword, Brown said: "One thing [President Obama's] gonna be asked is, why did he jump on [Hurricane Sandy] so quickly and go back to D.C. so quickly when in ... Benghazi, he went to Las Vegas? Why was this so quick? ... At some point, somebody's going to ask that question."

Washington Post opinion writer Alexandra Petri responded that the Benghazi attack was unforeseen, whereas the hurricane was forecast well in advance. Petri found the criticism ironic given Brown's own too-slow response to Katrina, and unjustified given that Republican New Jersey governor Chris Christie was praising Obama's response. Sandy caused 71 deaths and tens of billions of dollars of damage in the United States.

title: Michael D. Brown


text:
Instinctual (Romanthony album)

Instinctual is an album by the American garage house producer Romanthony, with DJ Predator. It was released by Glasgow Underground Records in 1999.

Track listing

 * 1) "Mind O' a Predator"
 * 2) "It's Startin'"
 * 3) "Remember a Song"
 * 4) "Clap Ya Handz"
 * 5) "Handz N d' Air"
 * 6) "Do You Wanna Dance"
 * 7) "Music Mind"
 * 8) "Funky Flava"
 * 9) "Let's Work (Beatdown)"
 * 10) "Comin' 4 U"

title: Instinctual (Romanthony album)


text:
Lower Lake Stone Jail

Lower Lake Stone Jail, in Lower Lake, California, is a one-room jail claimed to be the smallest jail in the United States, was erected in 1876 of stone locally quarried and reinforced with iron. During the days of the first quicksilver operations of the Sulphur Bank Mine, lasting from 1873 to 1883, rapid town growth and the urgent need for civil order necessitated the building of a jail. Stephen Nicolai, one of the first stonemasons in Lower Lake, built the jail from local materials with the help of Theodore and John Copsey.

The tiny jail is now defunct, and has been designated California Historical Landmark #429.

title: Lower Lake Stone Jail


text:
Dirk Coster

Dirk Coster (5 October 1889 – 12 February 1950) was a Dutch physicist. He was a professor of Physics and Meteorology at the University of Groningen.

Coster was born in Amsterdam. On 26 February 1919 he married Lina Maria "Miep" Wijsman, who held a degree in Oriental languages. Eventually, she was one of the first women to obtain a doctorate degree in this field from the University of Leiden. Dirk and Miep had two sons and two daughters (Hendrik, Ada, Els, and Herman). Coster is known as the co-discoverer of hafnium (element 72) in 1923, along with George de Hevesy, by means of X-ray spectroscopic analysis of zirconium ore. The discovery took place in Copenhagen, Denmark. Its name is derived from Hafnia, the Latin name for Copenhagen.

Childhood and education
Coster grew up in Amsterdam in a large working-class family; he was the third child of Barend Coster, a blacksmith, and Aafje van der Mik. The Coster family valued education. Ten of their children survived to adulthood and all received enough education to go onto middle-class professions. From 1904 to 1908 Dirk went to the Teacher's College in Haarlem, then was a teacher until 1913. With the aid of private support he was able to study mathematics and physics at the University of Leiden, first having passed the exams required for students who had no gymnasium education. In Leiden he was influenced by the inspiring lectures of Paul Ehrenfest, and in 1916 he obtained his M.Sc. degree. From 1916 to 1920 Coster was assistant of Lodewijk Siertsema and Wander de Haas at the Delft University of Technology, where in 1919 he obtained an Engineer's degree in electrical engineering. In 1920 and 1921 he did research at Lund University under Manne Siegbahn, on X-ray spectroscopy of different elements. Coster's thesis was on this subject, and he obtained his Ph.D. degree in 1922 in Leiden under Paul Ehrenfest; his thesis was entitled "Röntgenspectra en de atoomtheorie van Bohr" (X-ray spectra and Bohr's atomic theory).

Academic career
From August 1922 until the summer of 1923, Coster worked in Niels Bohr's Institute in Copenhagen. Within a few months he co-authored a landmark publication with Bohr, on X-ray spectroscopy and the periodic system of the elements. In addition he worked with chemist George de Hevesy on the identification of element No. 72. Element 72 had been known to be a gap in the sequence of elements since 1914, when Henry Moseley created an experimental technique for placing the elements in a definite sequence. Radiochemist Fritz Paneth suggested that element 72 might be found in ores of zirconium. (Some histories incorrectly attribute this suggestion to physicist Niels Bohr.) Bohr published a prediction of the electronic configuration of element 72 in 1923. von Hevesy had been working with Bohr at the time.

After Coster returned from Copenhagen he became Hendrik Lorentz' assistant at the Teylers Museum in Haarlem, where he developed an X-ray spectrometer. In 1924 he was appointed at the University of Groningen, where he was the successor of Wander de Haas. At Groningen he started an active research program in X-ray spectroscopy.

In 1934 Coster became member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences.

Later years
Coster was politically involved. In 1938 he traveled to Berlin to convince Lise Meitner that she had to leave Germany to escape the persecution of the Jews. Together they went by train to Groningen; at the Dutch border, Coster persuaded German immigration officers that she had permission to travel to the Netherlands. From there she went on to Sweden by way of Copenhagen. During the German occupation of Holland, Coster also helped Jews hide from the Nazis and listened to the BBC on a daily basis using a bicycle-powered radio. He died in Groningen. The asteroid 10445 Coster is named after Dirk Coster.

References and further reading

 * Heisenberg's War: The Secret History of the German Bomb by Thomas Powers (Da Capo Press, 2000 ) ISBN 0-306-81011-5.
 * No Time to Be Brief: A Scientific Biography of Wolfgang Pauli by Charles P. Enz (Oxford University Press, 2002) ISBN 0-19-856479-1.
 * Heisenberg's War: The Secret History of the German Bomb by Thomas Powers (Da Capo Press, 2000 ) ISBN 0-306-81011-5.
 * No Time to Be Brief: A Scientific Biography of Wolfgang Pauli by Charles P. Enz (Oxford University Press, 2002) ISBN 0-19-856479-1.

title: Dirk Coster


text:
Talk:Ernst Toller

Query

 * Does anybody know more information about Ernst Toller - could you help expand this page? Vino s 16:23, 1 September 2005 (UTC)

I'm gonna guess that the German page would be a great deal more informative, especially as it seems to contain serious errors. Now if only we could get someone to translate it. I'm sure someone would happily clean up the grammar and syntax if a native German speaker took this on.

 * That previous comment is from 1 September 2005, when the article consisted of about five sentences. It's a lot bigger now, but if anyone wants more info from the German article I can do it--just let me knowHohenloh 01:03, 31 October 2008 (UTC)

Photograph

The article's entry, "German Communist playwright" does not exactly sound right. Neither is the categorisation of Ernst Toller as a "German communist" a particularly fortunate one (perhaps in contrast to Johannes R. Becher, Anna Seghers and others). As a member of the short-lived Bavarian Soviet Republic (which was deliberately called a "Councils' Republic" in Germany instead of using the Russian term), Toller has been a "revolutionary", and in his writings he has partly propagated 'socialist' ideals. Nevertheless, Toller has never been a party member, and is most notably known as an expressionist and New Objectivity playwright. Therefore I propose a change to a less catchy attribution such as "German poet, playwright, and revolutionary" or similar (cf. the articles on Bertolt Brecht and other left-wing authors of the Weimar era).

Another suggestion: How about adding that picture of Ernst Toller from the Commons? It shows Max Weber and Ernst Toller, two major opponents of the 1917 congress Lauensteiner Tagung of artists and scientists of the Weimar Republic who wanted to explore shared positions on a possible end of WWI. -- Diggindeeper (talk) 14:13, 4 January 2008 (UTC)

Detainment
I am a German student of Germanistik and recently wrote an academic paper about him. I strongly disagree with the proposed fact that Toller was "disdained" by the Nazis in 1933. Fotunately he happened to be in Switzerland at the day of the Reichstags fire and thereby escaped the arrests by the SA. He never returned to Germany and never was in a KZ. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 84.60.161.228 (talk) 16:00, 25 May 2008 (UTC) For further information I recommend Richard Dove's bibliography "He was a German". —Preceding unsigned comment added by 84.60.161.228 (talk) 16:03, 25 May 2008 (UTC)
 * Well, why don't you just change it according to the research literature that you mention (and add the reference)? --Diggindeeper (talk) 15:24, 26 May 2008 (UTC)

As I am no native speaker I would not suggest that I'm the one to change the site - and possibly make mistakes then. I read the English article by accident and just noticed the wrong information. greets. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 84.60.173.93 (talk) 08:11, 28 May 2008 (UTC)

I'm guessing "disdained" means "detained" in your comment? Anyways, I seem to recall the "feeding him his book" as an anecdote about some poor author. Perhaps it was someone other than toller?

 * The French Wikipedia article on Toller contains a quote from Toller in which he says that this thing did happen to him (unfortunately without a detailed source). The German article skips a lot of information and doesn't refer specifically to him being held in 1933 (which doesn't mean it didn't happen!). The Italian article (which is quite short) just says he was persecuted for his religion and political views.  The Dutch article doesn't say anything specific.  I think I have a book with some information about him (in German) and will check it out.  (please use your sig) Hohenloh 00:57, 31 October 2008 (UTC)

 * Other on-line sources on Toller, e.g. Spartacus Schoolnet, say he avoided detention in 1933, so I think the anecdote about him being forced to eat his own book is apocryphal. I am removing it and pasting it here. If there is enough evidence for this, put it back, but it won't be long before some idiot journalist quotes this and makes it "true".
 * In 1933, while in Germany, he was detained by the Nazis. Whilst in the concentration camp he was tortured by the guards who made him eat a complete volume of one his novels and force fed him castor oil. After this incident, he was exiled from Germany.
 * BobFromBrockley (talk) 10:47, 12 January 2010 (UTC)
 * P.S. The (longer and well sourced) German article says nothing about this or his detention. I am not even sure that the Nazis had this sort of power as early as 1933.
 * P.P.S. I changed the French article too, although not being signed up there and not able to explain the change means it might be reverted. There is still no source though, after over a year.BobFromBrockley (talk) 10:56, 12 January 2010 (UTC)

Communist?
Toller has not been a communist, he decided very carefully not to join the communist but the social-democratic party. I'm writing this as student of the german language and I'm currently sitting in a seminar about Toller. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 134.99.96.51 (talk) 13:37, 28 October 2009 (UTC)

 * I checked this and also read the German-language article and tend to agree, and there is no reference provided for his membership, so I have changed this reference in the intro. Hohenloh + 17:34, 28 October 2009 (UTC)

External links modified
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Together with leading anarchists, such as B. Traven?
The article about B. Traven says nothing about his having been a leader of the anarchist movement and the Bavarian Soviet republic. 62.73.69.121 (talk) 21:19, 31 May 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Ernst Toller


text:
Talk:Tammy (song)

Untitled
The main "wikifying" needed is the addition of the standard Template:Single infobox; could someone with the relevant information add this? --Mel Etitis ( Μελ Ετητης ) 16:23, 1 September 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Tammy (song)


text:
Heyawake

Heyawake (Japanese: へやわけ, "divided rooms") is a binary-determination logic puzzle published by Nikoli. As of 2013, five books consisting entirely of Heyawake puzzles have been published by Nikoli. It first appeared in Puzzle Communication Nikoli #39 (September 1992).

Rules
Heyawake is played on a rectangular grid of cells with no standard size; the grid is divided into variously sized rectangular "rooms" by bold lines following the edges of the cells. Some rooms may contain a single number, typically printed in their upper-left cell; as originally designed, every room was numbered, but this is rarely necessary for solving and is no longer followed.

Some of the cells in the puzzle are to be painted black; the object of the puzzle is to determine for each cell if it must be painted or must be left blank (remaining white). In practice, it is often easier to mark known "blank" cells in some way—for example, by placing a dot in the center of the cell.

The following rules determine which cells are which:
 * Rule 1: Painted cells may never be orthogonally connected (they may not share a side, although they can touch diagonally).
 * Rule 2: All white cells must be interconnected (form a single polyomino).
 * Rule 3: A number indicates exactly how many painted cells there must be in that particular room.
 * Rule 4: A room which has no number may contain any number of painted cells, or none.
 * Rule 5: Where a straight (orthogonal) line of connected white cells is formed, it must not contain cells from more than two rooms—in other words, any such line of white cells which connects three or more rooms is forbidden.

Solution methods
Note that the first two rules also apply to (for example) Hitori puzzles, and thus these puzzles share some of their solving methods:

 * If it is discovered that a cell is painted black, it is immediately known that all of the four (orthogonally) adjacent cells must be white (from Rule 1).
 * A section of (orthogonally) contiguous white cells cannot be cut off from the rest of the grid (from Rule 2). Black cells may not form a diagonal split across the grid nor a closed loop; any cell that would complete such a "short circuit" must be white instead.

More complex puzzles require combining Rule 1 and Rule 2 to make progress without guessing; the key is recognizing where the cells must assume one of two checkered patterns and one leads to a short circuit.

The remaining rules differentiate Heyawake from other "dynasty" puzzles:

 * Rule 5 is the defining rule of the puzzle; black cells must be placed to prevent any (orthogonal) lines of white cells that cross two room borders ("spanners").
 * Numbered rooms typically provide solvers a starting place, among other deductions. The following are the simplest examples of rooms defined at the onset:
 * A 2×2 room in the corner of the grid containing a '2' must have one painted cell in the grid corner and the second painted square diagonally outward from the corner. As painted squares may not share a side (Rule 1), the only alternative would disconnect the forced white cell in the corner, violating Rule 2.
 * A 2×3 room with the 3-cell side along a grid border containing a '3' must have a painted cell in the center of the 3-cell side along the border and the other two in the opposite corners of the room, for similar reasons to the above.
 * A 1×3 room containing a '2' must have the two end cells painted, as a painted centre cell would force a breach of rule 1. More generally, a 1×(2n−1) room containing an n must have every other cell within it painted.
 * A 3×3 room containing a '5' must have a checkered pattern, with painted cells in all corners and the center.

Variants

 * Heyawacky is played like Heyawake, but rooms are not necessarily rectangular. Orthogonal lines of white cells may not exit and re-enter a room; i.e. such lines may not straddle more than one region boundary.
 * Symmetry Heyawake (also known as ekawayeH and Ayaheya) is played like Heyawake, but clues indicate whether the pattern of black cells in a room is rotationally symmetric around its centre or not.

Computational complexity
The computational complexity of Heyawake has been analyzed: deciding for a given instance of Heyawake whether there exists a solution to the puzzle is NP-complete. An interpretation of this theoretical result in layman's terms is that this puzzle is as hard to solve as the Boolean satisfiability problem, which is a well studied difficult problem in computer science.

title: Heyawake


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/August 28, 2005

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was Userfy. Evil Monkey∴Hello 21:23, 1 September 2005 (UTC)

August 28, 2005
Wikipedia is not a memorial. —M ESSED R OCKER (talk) 16:24, September 1, 2005 (UTC)
 * Isn't there a speedy deletion category fitting for this one. Anyway - Delete. andy 16:33, 1 September 2005 (UTC)
 * userfy He's a newbie, lets be nice. :'( Roodog2k 16:35, 1 September 2005 (UTC)
 * This was meant to be a day in history article. I plan to add links to canine disease and things to look for. So I would ask that it not be deleted. Thank you for your consideration. Robert Davis
 * Based on the feedback and Wiki guidelines this page does serve a better place under my own homepage. So however pages get deleted, please feel free to do so. Robert Davis --Robfdavis1971 17:45, 1 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment: Roodog2k, we are being nice, as we're not talking about him, we're talking about the article. Also, even if you add links, it's still not an article, as articles aren't supposed to be a collection of links either. —M ESSED R OCKER (talk) 16:44, September 1, 2005 (UTC)
 * Another comment: Also, we don't have "This Day in History" articles anywhere else on Wikipedia. The closest thing we have is Current events, which wouldn't accept such a non-notable event. —M ESSED R OCKER (talk) 16:46, September 1, 2005 (UTC)
 * comment and someone's explaining this to the guy on his talk page? Roodog2k 16:59, 1 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Strong Delete. I agree with the comments.  Even with links, etc, this is not appropriate. Daedalus-Prime 16:53, 1 September 2005 (UTC)
 * userfy or delete nn topic DV8 2XL 16:55, 1 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Userfy. Wow, way to ruin my day. --Lord Voldemort (Dark Mark) 16:59, 1 September 2005 (UTC)
 * another comment IMHO, it bothers me when we're voting to delete a newbie's apparently first page without explaining to them on their talkpage whats happening and why. Roodog2k 17:06, 1 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Yeah, I'm sorry about that. I guess I'm more partial to getting things done the quicker way. Anyways, don't get us wrong Mr. Davis, we're thrilled you want to contribute. Just that this is not the kind of article Wikipedia is looking for. Oh, and I agree with the userfying, but now that it's done, how about a redirect to his user page? —M ESSED R OCKER (talk) 17:10, September 1, 2005 (UTC)
 * yet another comment As Mr. Burns would say... Excellent! I had already left a message on the user talk page, but when I userfied the page, I messed that up, since I didnt rename, I just cut-and-pasted the code, since there had not been a lot of revisions to the page.  This guy really seems interested in contributing to Wikipedia, and I left a message with an admin Elf, who's really into the dog pages, to help him out too. Roodog2k 17:25, 1 September 2005 (UTC)
 * I left him a note that he says was helpful. Elf | Talk 19:08, 1 September 2005 (UTC)

 * Userfy Cute dog but not notable Dismas 17:23, 1 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment. Dude, this makes me so sad. What a nice dog. I am not being sarcastic! Sdedeo 19:51, 1 September 2005 (UTC)

 * Userfy.Gateman1997 20:47, 1 September 2005 (UTC)
 * The author has clearly requested deletion above and the article has been userfied; the only substantive edits (except for the AfD tag) were minor edits by an anon (192.208.44.100). Can this be speedy deleted under G7? Sorry to hear about the dog, Rob. that's a bugger. Stick around and let's hope your future editing experiences are under happer circumstances. Your offer to edit articles on canine diseases is a good one. Tonywalton | Talk 21:15, 1 September 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Waris Hussein

Waris Hussein (né Habibullah; born 9 December 1938) is a British-Indian television and film director. At the beginning of his career he was employed by the BBC as its youngest drama director. He directed early episodes of Doctor Who, including the first serial, An Unearthly Child (1963), and later directed the multiple-award-winning Thames Television serial Edward & Mrs. Simpson (1978).

Early life
Hussein was born Waris Habibullah in Lucknow, British India, into a family of the aristocratic Taluqdar class, and spent his early years mainly in Bombay. He came to the UK with his family in 1946, when his father, Ali Bahadur Habibullah, was appointed to the Indian High Commission. After the independence of India in 1947, his father returned to India, but his mother, Attia Hosain, chose to stay in England with her children, and worked as a writer and as broadcaster on the Indian Section of the BBC's Eastern Service from 1949.

He was educated at Clifton College, and then studied English literature at Queens' College, Cambridge, where he directed several plays. His contemporaries included Derek Jacobi, Margaret Drabble, Trevor Nunn, and Ian McKellen, whom he directed in several productions, including a Marlowe Society revival of Caesar and Cleopatra.

Career
After graduating in 1960, he joined the BBC to train as a director. He also changed his name from Habibullah to Hussein: "'It sounded like the King of Jordan then, but [later] turned out to be more like Saddam – and that doesn't help in life'."

Hussein directed the first Doctor Who serial, An Unearthly Child, in 1963, although he was unsure about the effect directing television science fiction would have on his career:"'[I was] a graduate from Cambridge with honours, and you're directing this piece about cavemen in skins [..] I thought, 'Where have I landed up in my life?''"

In 1964, Hussein returned to the series to direct most of the fourth serial, Marco Polo. He went on to direct many other productions such as a BBC television version of A Passage to India (Play of the Month, 1965); the BBC serial Notorious Woman (1974); the suffragette movement BBC drama Shoulder to Shoulder (1974); and the Thames Television serial Edward and Mrs Simpson (1978). During production of the latter two series, he worked once more with former Doctor Who producer Verity Lambert. He also directed for Thames the first story (a four-parter) in the Armchair Thriller series.

Hussein's feature film A Touch of Love (1969), with Ian McKellen among the cast, was entered into the 19th Berlin International Film Festival. Other theatrically released films include Melody  (1971), also known as S.W.A.L.K, with Jack Wild and Mark Lester, and Henry VIII and his Six Wives (1972), starring Keith Michell, Charlotte Rampling, and Donald Pleasence.

In the 1980s and 1990s, Hussein directed several television movies in the United States. One British project was Intimate Contact (1987), a four-part drama for Central TV with Claire Bloom and Daniel Massey, portraying the experience of a couple where the husband has contracted and ultimately dies from AIDS. Although he did not reveal it to anyone on the production at the time, the subject was particularly close one for Hussein, who lost his own partner Ian to the disease.

Hussein directed Sixth Happiness (1997), a film whose screenplay was written by Firdaus Kanga, the author of the semi-autobiographical novel Trying to Grow. Meera Syal, Nina Wadia, and Firdaus Kanga starred in the film.

In the BBC docu-drama An Adventure in Space and Time (2013), about the creation of Doctor Who, Hussein was portrayed by Sacha Dhawan.

Awards
Hussein received a Best Drama Series or Serial BAFTA award in 1979 for Edward and Mrs. Simpson (shared with producer Andrew Brown), and an Outstanding Directing in a Variety or Music Program Emmy Award in 1985 for Copacabana.

Personal life
Hussein is gay, lost a partner of twelve years to AIDS in the 1980s, and discussed his own sexuality and the wider subject in a 2017 episode of the Doctor Who: The Fan Show.

Director credits

 * A Passage to India (play) (1965)
 * A Touch of Love (1969)
 * Quackser Fortune Has a Cousin in the Bronx (1970)
 * Melody (1971)
 * The Possession of Joel Delaney (1972)
 * Henry VIII and his Six Wives (1972)
 * Divorce His, Divorce Hers (1973)
 * Arch of Triumph (1984)
 * Murder Between Friends (1994)
 * Sixth Happiness (1997)

title: Waris Hussein


text: User talk:82.44.186.153

title: User talk:82.44.186.153


text:
Frank Simek

Franklin Michael "Frank" Simek (born October 13, 1984) is an American former soccer player.

Playing career
Born in St. Louis, Missouri, Simek played soccer as a child in the United States but did not think of the game as a career until his family moved to London after his father was assigned to a position at the English office of Anheuser-Busch when Frank was 12. He was signed by Arsenal to a development contract, but decided to move back to St. Louis, where he played at Saint Louis University High School, as well as Metro F.C., then under the direction of Dave Fernandez and Dale Schilly. However, during this time Arsenal called him back to play on the youth team.

While at Arsenal he rose to assume the captaincy of the reserve side, but had difficulty breaking into the first team; he found himself behind Lauren, Kolo Touré, Emmanuel Eboué and Justin Hoyte in the pecking order. He played a single match for Arsenal, in the League Cup against Wolverhampton Wanderers on December 2, 2003.

Sheffield Wednesday
Simek joined the Owls on a free transfer from Arsenal in the summer of 2005 and made his Sheffield Wednesday debut on the opening day of the 2005–06 season away at Stoke City. He went on to win a regular starting spot, ousting fan-favorite Lee Bullen from his preferred right-back position. Simek scored his first goal in his first season at Wednesday away at Millwall. The goal gave the Owls a 1–0 win and helped them in their battle against relegation. Simek then managed to get his first home goal against Colchester in the 2006–2007. Simek had managed to gain a regular first team place at Hillsborough became a crowd favorite for his tough tackling and powerful running.

Simek signed a new contract with Sheffield Wednesday on July 26, 2007. The contract will see him remain at Hillsborough until 2010.

Simek suffered a serious ankle injury playing against Crystal Palace in December 2007. The injury kept him out of the Wednesday first team for over ten months. He made a slow return with a number of reserve team appearances followed by an appearance on the substitutes bench against Birmingham City on October 25, 2008, and then finally a return to first team three days later when he came on as a substitute against Plymouth.

Carlisle United
Simek signed for Carlisle United on a 2-year contract and joined the squad on July 1, 2010. He was an ever-present part in the United team, apart from the start of the 2011–12 season in which he suffered an injury that left him out of action for 5 months. Replacements such as James Tavernier and Christian Ribeiro filled the right-back position in Simek's absence but upon his recovery he instantly earned his place in the Carlisle team yet again. In July 2012, Simek signed a new one-year deal with Carlisle United, keeping him at the club until the summer of 2013.

Honors
Carlisle United
 * Football League Trophy: 2010–11

United States
 * CONCACAF Gold Cup: 2007

title: Frank Simek


text: Category:Nigerian poets

title: Category:Nigerian poets


text:
Michael Blackwood (sprinter)

Michael Blackwood (born 29 August 1976 in Clarendon) is a Jamaican male track and field athlete, who specialized in the 400 meters, his personal best being 44.60 set during his win at the 2002 IAAF World Cup. He was chosen as the Jamaica Sportsman of the Year in 2002, in that same year he was the world number one rank by IAAF in the 400 meters. He is the brother of Catherine Scott who earned a silver medal in the 2000 Sydney Olympic Games. Blackwood won the NAIA national 400 meters title in 1997. He is the winner of Jamaica 400 meters national championships three times. Blackwood holds the Big 12 conference record in the 400 meters since 2000 in the time of 44.69. He is an alumnus of The University of Oklahoma.

Blackwood was the 400 meters gold medallist at the 2002 Commonwealth Games, the bronze medallist at the 2003 World Championships, the winner at the 2002, 2003 and 2004 IAAF World Athletics Final, eighth in the Athletics at the 2004 Summer Olympics – Men's 400 meters at the 2004 Olympic Games, and a semi-finalist at the 2005 World Championships.

He had much success with the Jamaican 4×400 metres relay team: he won a silver at the 2000 Sydney Olympics, silver at the 2001 and 2003 World Championships, a bronze at the 2005 World Championships, a gold at the 2003 IAAF World Indoor Championships and a final silver at the 2008 IAAF World Indoor Championships.

At the 2009 Jamaica National Championships, Blackwood tried for a spot at the 2009 World Championships in Athletics, but was disqualified running outside his lane in the semi-finals of the 400 m. In August, he announced his retirement from the sport.

Medal upgrades
In 2009 American sprinter Jerome Young admitted to doping during the period of 1999 through 2003. The IAAF gave Young a life ban as a result and annulled his performances. This had a significant effect on Blackwoods career: Jamaica were elevated to World Indoor 4 × 400 m Relay gold medal, where Blackwood ran the third leg. He was given the 400 m bronze medal at the 2003 World Championships, as well as being moved up to the top spot at the 2003 World Athletics Final.

title: Michael Blackwood (sprinter)


text: File:Live in the Mix.jpg

title: File:Live in the Mix.jpg


text:
Live in the Mix

Live in the Mix is the third album by American garage house producer Romanthony. It was released by Distance Records on June 14, 1999.

Track listing

 * 1) "Intro/DJ Intro"
 * 2) "I Like It"
 * 3) "Dance With Me"
 * 4) "Good Times (Remix)"
 * 5) "Party Times"
 * 6) "Party Buckwild"
 * 7) "Floorpiece"
 * 8) "Under/Main"
 * 9) "Beatrock"
 * 10) "Bring da Beat Back"
 * 11) "I Like It"
 * 12) "Sommore"
 * 13) "Down 4 U"
 * 14) "Drifting Solidly [*]"

title: Live in the Mix


text:
Stone House (Lake County, California)

The Stone House is the oldest building in Lake County, Northern California. The building is registered as California Historical Landmark #450 and is located in Hidden Valley Lake, California. It is open for touring quarterly and by appointment with the Stone House Historical Society.

History
The Stone House was built of local stone in 1853–54 by Robert Sterling. His wife was the first non-Indian woman to enter the Coyote Valley.

In 1861, when Lake County was split off from Napa County, John Cobb was hired to manage the Rancho Guenoc and Rancho Collayomi of the Ritchie estate. He moved with his wife and younger children into the Stone House, which had been abandoned, and farmed there for about three years.

It was rebuilt in 1894 and served as headquarters of the Rancho Guenoc, a former Mexican land grant rancho, and it was also the first store in Coyote Valley.

title: Stone House (Lake County, California)


text: Template:Super League Greece 2

title: Template:Super League Greece 2


text:
Christina Moore

Christina Moore (born April 12, 1973) is an American actress. She is best known for her recurring roles as Laurie Forman on the sixth season of the Fox period comedy series That '70s Show (2003–04), Tracy Clark on The CW teen drama series 90210 (2008–13), Suzanne McKittrick on the fourth and fifth seasons of the HBO fantasy horror series True Blood (2011–12), Christina Ross on the Disney Channel comedy series Jessie (2011–15), and Mandy Heiser on the first three seasons of the TNT comedy drama series Claws (2017–19).

Moore is also known for her lead role as Nurse Candy Sullivan on the TNT medical drama series Hawthorne (2009–11), and was a recurring cast member on the eighth season of the Fox sketch comedy series Mad TV (2002–03).

Early life
Moore was born in Palatine, Illinois. She became interested in performing as a young girl at her family's church by getting involved with children. When she was in high school, she toured with a children's musical theatre troupe throughout the city of Chicago.

Her first professional job was in summer stock in Lincoln City, Indiana, where she performed in Young Abe: the Abraham Lincoln Boyhood Outdoor Musical Drama. Her theatre roles included productions of Annie, Cinderella and Big River. Her father is Carroll Moore and her mother is Joy Moore. She has one younger sister.

Career
After graduating from Illinois Wesleyan University School of Theatre Arts, Moore moved to Los Angeles to pursue her acting career. Her television credits include the UPN comedy The Bad Girl's Guide and the drama Hyperion Bay, recurring roles on Pasadena and Unhappily Ever After, and guest appearances on 24, Just Shoot Me!, Friends, and Suddenly Susan.

MADtv
Moore joined the cast of MADtv in 2002 as a featured performer for the eighth season, where she was noted for her impressions of Christina Aguilera, Shannon Elizabeth, Sharon Stone, Trista Rehn and Brittany Murphy. With Josh Meyers, she is one of two former MadTV members to join the cast of That '70s Show.

Other entertainment projects
Moore appeared in Married... with Children as the Gorgeous Woman in the episode "Twisted" (1996). She left the MADtv at the conclusion of the eighth season to join the cast of That '70s Show. She replaced Lisa Robin Kelly as Laurie Forman during the show's sixth season. In 2005, she starred in the TV series Hot Properties , which had aired 13 episodes. She also starred in Without a Paddle and Dave Barry's Complete Guide to Guys. She also appeared in Two and a Half Men as Cynthia Sullivan in the episode "The Soil is Moist" (2008). She played Alan Harper's rebound lover on Two and a Half Men. In 2008, she began a recurring role on The CW's 90210 as Tracy Clark, the sexy and mischievous mother of Naomi Clark. She also narrates various audio books, including Diane Duane's Young Wizards series and Yellow Star. She was part of the main cast of Hawthorne playing Candy Sullivan.

Moore is a founding member of Bitches Funny, an all-female sketch group that has performed in New York City and Los Angeles for the past five years. She also had a recurring role in the Disney Channel shows Jessie and Bunk'd as Christina, the mother of the Ross children, in Sonny with a Chance as Tammi, Tawni's mother, as well as Vanessa Baxter's empty-headed sister April on the former ABC sitcom Last Man Standing.

Personal life
Moore has been married to actor John Ducey since 2008.

Screenwriting

 * Pray for Rain (2017)
 * Running Wild (2017)

title: Christina Moore


text:
Talk:Curate's egg

Examples
The examples section looks odd and resembles a trivia section a bit too much. It should, in my eyes, be removed or integrated into the text. Akita86 (talk) 21:59, 28 October 2009 (UTC)

(Untitled)
Eggs are never partly bad. If something is a 'Curate's egg' it is wholly awful. It is only described as "excellent in parts" because of political constraint or the inferior's wish to flatter. When used properly (e.g. in letters to newspapers about new legislation) the phrase implies that any positive comments that attempt to mitigate the faults are worthless. Posted by Anon user on: 192.102.214.6
 * I'm not sure that I agree with this statement - and it is certainly not how the phrase is used in the media - or by me! The curate's egg 07:25, 2 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Wholly awful would, I agree, have described the egg, and the curate describing it otherwise a matter of political constraint; but that is not how the expression is now used. Even where the speaker fears offending no-one, the appeal of such a quaint and delicate expression over it stunk is a lightly intoxicating one.
 * Nuttyskin 00:05, 28 June 2006 (UTC)

Indeed. My father used to say that the phrase could only have been ironic, since in reality if an egg is addled it is addled through and through, it cannot be good in parts. He also pointed out that strictl speaking it should be "excellent in parts". PatGallacher (talk) 10:37, 12 March 2011 (UTC)

 * In the absence of any cited authorities or examples to support the claim that the term refers to something that is wholly bad, the claim appears to violate WP:POV. I've therefore replaced it with a definition reflecting the debate, but supported by cited authorities and examples. Robma (talk) 07:32, 12 July 2012 (UTC)

The point of the cartoon is the difference between the normal egg the curate eats and the absurd egg he describes, which is an invention all of his own. The phrase "curate's egg" is more likely to refer to the second type of egg, which *is* good in parts even if it doesn't exist in reality. Trmsw (talk) 21:34, 10 June 2021 (UTC)

Explanation for edits
My edit served the following purposes: By all means revert if you feel these edits are in error, but please explain why they're damaging the article. --Muchness 10:06, 24 January 2006 (UTC)
 * Reduce the image size per guidelines (pictures should not be wider than 400 px)
 * Add a caption providing context and title per guidelines
 * Format periodical name per MoS title guidelines
 * Bypass a redirect and link directly to the relevant article.

 * My gripe was that the narrative to the picture just duplicated what was already set out in the article - the revised version looks fine. Brookie :) - a collector of little round things! (Talk!) 10:48, 24 January 2006 (UTC)

 * Thanks for the explanation. I originally added it because I wanted to reproduce the exact caption from the original publication, but you're right, it was redundant. --Muchness 11:17, 24 January 2006 (UTC)

 * No problemo! Brookie :) - a collector of little round things! (Talk!) 14:27, 27 January 2006 (UTC)

Phrase used in Punch?
From the article:
 * "The phrase first appeared in a cartoon in the humorous British magazine Punch on 9 November 1895. Drawn by George du Maurier and entitled "True Humility", it pictured a timid-looking curate taking breakfast in his bishop's house."

Just educated guessing on my part but... That is not true; the phrase came about as a reference to the du Maurier cartoon? --Charles Gaudette 21:47, 29 August 2006 (UTC)

Secondary meaning?
Can examples be given of the claimed secondary meaning? The OED examples are consistent with the first, raising the suspicion that secondary uses arise from a simple misunderstanding of the original context. 86.158.25.8 (talk) 10:40, 10 July 2009 (UTC)

 * I assumed, on no knowledge, that the curate is interested in higher criticismm and considers the bible good in parts. Hence the bishop's shock. I do not see the curate as diffident but somewhat smug. Flobster (talk) 15:39, 14 August 2018 (UTC)

 * Unfortunately, assumptions and perceptions don't help Wikipedia here. -Jason A. Quest (talk) 21:31, 14 August 2018 (UTC)

Vicar's Egg?
I ended up here after seeing a 1939 NYTimes movie review, with this sentence: http://movies.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=9E03E7DE113CE73ABC4951DFB2668382629EDE "Those notoriously uncompromising gentlemen, the drama critics, found it and its star good in spots, like the vicar's egg." A bit of research led me to this: http://www.word-detective.com/092906A.html "If you've been searching for an explanation of "the Vicar's egg," that may be part of the mystery right there. The phrase is actually "a curate's egg,"" which led me here. Given likely other searchers having this problem, can we forward searches for "vicar's egg" here? I'd love if anyone was up for doing research into how/why/when the 'vicar' entered the picture. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Davebug (talk • contribs) 22:18, 17 March 2010 (UTC)

 * How did the vicar enter the picture? We can easily conjecture. In Britain the person in charge of the parish/cure is the vicar, and their assistant is the lower-ranking curate. In France the person in charge of the parish/cure is the curé, and their assistant is the lower-ranking vicaire. The point of the joke is that the person with the egg is low in rank, so the word used will depend on local religion and usage (America probably varies greatly in that respect). FangoFuficius (talk) 11:16, 18 May 2023 (UTC)

Prior use
Use of the phrase in 1878 at Resurgam. This suggests the phrase predates the cartoon. Drutt (talk) 23:00, 22 January 2011 (UTC)

 * Interesting, but before changing this article I'd like to see a source for the prior use of the phrase, contemporary to the sub. It could be a nickname given only in retrospect. -Jason A. Quest (talk) 00:56, 23 January 2011 (UTC)

 * google books has 3 prior uses of 'curate's egg' going back to 1866.
 * https://www.google.ca/search?q=%22curate%27s+egg%22&biw=858&bih=565&sa=X&ei=hMQOUtnHJsKRygH97IA4&ved=0CCUQpwUoBA&source=lnt&tbs=cdr%3A1%2Ccd_min%3A1%2F1%2F1800%2Ccd_max%3A12%2F31%2F1888&tbm=bks
 * 70.79.142.83 (talk) 00:36, 17 August 2013 (UTC)

 * Don't trust the dates you see on Google Books. For one thing, Google's treating these sources as if they're under copyright, which wouldn't be true if they actually pre-dated 1895. Furthermore: There's a "review" on The Freethinker saying that this item is actually from 1965 (1881 is when the publication was founded). The "J. R. Hinnells" whose by-line appears in the Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society excerpt is credited in JRAS articles dating to the 1970s, which suggests that this is another dating error by Google. Capital features a rather 20th-century looking cover photograph and includes a reference to Haribhai M. Patel, India's Finance Minister in the 1970s. No evidence of prior use. -Jason A. Quest (talk) 13:06, 17 August 2013 (UTC)

Are there any "authentic" examples?
Are there any examples which indicate that the object of discussion is actually bad overall? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 58.111.138.117 (talk) 00:18, 17 May 2012 (UTC)

Badly written
The article is badly written, full of mumbo-jumbo and over emphatic. JoshuSasori (talk) 05:13, 17 June 2012 (UTC)
 * Perhaps you'd like to improve it then? -Jason A. Quest (talk) 11:20, 17 June 2012 (UTC)
 * No I don't, but I think it is worth pointing out when there is clearly a problem with an article. JoshuSasori (talk) 09:21, 4 July 2012 (UTC)
 * That really doesn't help. -Jason A. Quest (talk) 14:39, 4 July 2012 (UTC)

title: Talk:Curate's egg