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Talk:Seal of Indiana

GA Review
This article is not as long as the other topic I have submitted for GA, but I cannot think of a way that this article can get much longer than it currently is. Charles Edward 14:45, 31 July 2008 (UTC)

Proposed move
Objection It has been suggested that this article be moved to Seal of Indiana with the rationale that this is a more common name. This assertion is not borne out by Google ("Seal of the State of Indiana" and "Seal of Indiana".) —Justin (koavf)❤T☮C☺M☯ 17:30, 27 November 2009 (UTC)
 * Google is not the most accurate indicator, and those are very close. If you want to do it that way, Seal of Indiana is viewed over ten times more than Seal of the State of Indiana. Including "the State of" is very cumbersome by doubling the length, and no other state seal article does this. This goes against all of the policy guidelines at Naming conventions. Seal of Indiana is the easiest to find, most likely to be linked ( vs ), only as precise as necessary, more concise, and consistent to other articles. Reywas92 Talk  17:46, 27 November 2009 (UTC)
 * Google results You are correct that Google results are far from perfect and that these returns are relatively close to one another. In such a case though, it is hard to make the argument that one or the other is the most common name. WP:COMMONNAME states "When there is no common English name, use the official name (as defined in a legal context, for example, such as a national constitution)..." In this case, that would clearly be "Seal of the State of Indiana." —Justin (koavf)❤T☮C☺M☯ 00:52, 28 November 2009 (UTC)
 * Indiana law does not give it an *official* name ; it just says that those are the words inscribed on the seal. The words on the Seal of Alabama are simply "State of Alabama", the Seal of Virginia just says "Virginia", and on the Seal of Massachusetts it says "Sigillum Republicae Massachusettensis". Some seals have no words, others include "Great", others just have the name of the state. The Seal of South Dakota says "State of South Dakota. Great Seal." You will have a hard time convincing me that this is the official name. To comply with naming conventions, there should be consistency and conciseness. Reywas92 Talk  01:35, 28 November 2009 (UTC)
 * Official and common names This says that—according to Indiana law—"Although accepted throughout the years, the Seal had been variously drawn in pictorial renditions. Its versions were numerous although all were encircled with the words, 'Seal of the State of Indiana.'" Apparently, even if it is not defined as such in this legislation, "Seal of the State of Indiana" is recognized there as a universally common name. I do not have access to the law in question (House Enrolled Act No. 1348), so I cannot say more than that. —Justin (koavf)❤T☮C☺M☯ 02:08, 28 November 2009 (UTC)
 * I gave you the law right here, and whether it's Seal of Indiana, Indiana State Seal, Seal of the State of Indiana, Indiana's State Seal, or State Seal of Indiana, none of them are official and all of them are legitimate and common. Therefore we should follow naming conventions and use the most concise one, the one "readers are most likely to look for" and "to which editors will most naturally link from other articles", and the one that is consistent. I find it absurd to use six different inconsistent styles for the 50 related articles just because those are the words on the seals. Reywas92 Talk  03:34, 28 November 2009 (UTC)
 * Not quite You gave me a reference to the law and the text of a different law, but not the text of House Enrolled Act No. 1348 from 1963, which is what I was trying to say before. Even if none of them are official, one is somewhat more common than the other and there is no compelling reason to move this page since the current name is the one that is actually used on the seal itself and is more common according to the admittedly imperfect metric of a Google search. There are different names for a variety of (e.g.) national coats of arms because they simply have different names, for instance Emblem of Algeria, National Emblem of France, and Royal Arms of Cambodia. —Justin (koavf)❤T☮C☺M☯ 05:05, 28 November 2009 (UTC)

(outdent) According to the Indiana Code, it is simply called the "State Seal", as that is the heading the section in which it is mandated. Having lived in Indiana most of my life, and having attended many state functions, "State Seal" is definantly the common term used. But we can't use that here for obvious reasons. It seems to be policy would require us to the most commonly used name in lack of an official name. In my opinion the most commonly used term would be State Seal (Indiana). But I personally prefer that we use Seal of Indiana. I've never heard it refereed to as the Seal of the State of Indiana in casual conversation. I have also checked in three books I have which discuss the topic, A Sketchbook of Indiana History, Indiana and Indianans, and Here's Your Indiana Government. In all three it is called the State Seal fourteen times, and Seal of Indiana is used twice. —Charles Edward (Talk 15:01, 28 November 2009 (UTC)

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The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the nomination page. —Community Tech bot (talk) 07:20, 25 October 2020 (UTC)
 * Seal of the Indiana Attorney General.svg

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The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the nomination page. —Community Tech bot (talk) 09:58, 30 June 2021 (UTC)
 * Seal of the Indiana Attorney General.svg

Featured picture scheduled for POTD
Hello! This is to let editors know that File:Indiana state coat of arms (illustrated, 1876).jpg, a featured picture used in this article, has been selected as the English Wikipedia's picture of the day (POTD) for December 2, 2021. A preview of the POTD is displayed below and can be edited at Template:POTD/2021-12-02. For the greater benefit of readers, any potential improvements or maintenance that could benefit the quality of this article should be done before its scheduled appearance on the Main Page. If you have any concerns, please place a message at Wikipedia talk:Picture of the day. Thank you! Cwmhiraeth (talk) 11:16, 18 November 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Seal of Indiana


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File:Walt Disney Presents title image.jpg

Summary
Walt Disney and Ludwig Von Drake on Disney's anthology TV series.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

authors: ಮಲ್ನಾಡಾಚ್ ಕೊಂಕ್ಣೊ


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Talk:Gabis Arboretum at Purdue Northwest

Untitled
The description of Taltree is inaccurate. It is about 110 acres in size and is not a nature preserve, nor is it an example of an oak savanna or restored areas. Part of it is park-like with manicured lawns and gardens, and part of it is former cornfields that have been planted with prairie grasses. Wetlands have been turned into ponds and the landscaping is artificial and does not preserve natural habitats. There are grass trails that are great for walking and running. Many people do like this kind of "green space", but the advertising needs to be more truthful, so people looking for natural areas don't waste their time here. 33sammy33 13:27, 1 October 2007 (UTC)


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Talk:Star of Indiana Drum and Bugle Corps

Finals Appearances
The article says that Star of Indiana made finals its first year and every year after that until it folded. The article also says that this is unmatched by any other Corps. I have to disagree, the Santa Clara Vanguard has made finals every year since the formation of DCI, and has never placed outside of 8th place. I think perhaps Vanguard shood be mentioned in this article, or the statemet that Star was the only one to make finals every year since it joined DCI should be removed or re-worded. Green Machine 6 22:51, 27 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Changed the wording to hopefully better reflect this. Mr Bound 23:21, 27 August 2006 (UTC)

I respectfully disagree...while Vanguard did indeed make finals every year of DCI's existence, they had been on the field for 5 years prior during the VFW/CYO days. Star came out of the box making finals in the DCI era in it's first year of existence, beating many prior finalist corps (27th and Bridgemen, for example). And only Star can claim they made finals every year of their time on the field. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 96.247.116.243 (talk) 09:21, 8 December 2008 (UTC)


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Talk:The Indianapolis Star

Press weight
2100 pounds for a seven-story-tall press? Somthing's wrong there, I think. Noel (talk) 21:20, 2 May 2010 (UTC)
 * It's 2100 tons. I've corrected it. Indyguy (talk) 15:55, 26 October 2011 (UTC)

Page needs updates
A number of items and links on this page are quite dated and no longer accurate. For instance, the circulation numbers are from 2008 and are significantly lower now. Cmlloyd1969 (talk) 19:01, 6 July 2015 (UTC)

title: Talk:The Indianapolis Star


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Microchimerism

Microchimerism is the presence of a small number of cells in an individual that have originated from another individual and are therefore genetically distinct. This phenomenon may be related to certain types of autoimmune diseases although the responsible mechanisms are unclear. The term comes from the prefix "micro" + "chimerism" based on the hybrid Chimera of Greek mythology. The concept was first discovered in the 1960s with the term gaining usage in the 1970s.

Human
In humans (and perhaps in all placental mammals), the most common form is fetomaternal microchimerism (also known as fetal cell microchimerism or fetal chimerism) whereby cells from a fetus pass through the placenta and establish cell lineages within the mother. Fetal cells have been documented to persist and multiply in the mother for several decades. The exact phenotype of these cells is unknown, although several different cell types have been identified, such as various immune lineages, mesenchymal stem cells, and placental-derived cells. A 2012 study at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, has detected cells with the Y chromosome in multiple areas of the brains of deceased women.

Fetomaternal microchimerism occurs during pregnancy and shortly after giving birth for most women. However, not all women who have had children contain fetal cells. Studies suggest that fetomaternal microchimerism could be influenced by killer-cell immunoglobulin-like (KIR) ligands. Lymphocytes also influence the development of persisting fetomaternal microchimerism since natural killer cells compose about 70% of lymphocytes in the first trimester of pregnancy. KIR patterns on maternal natural killer cells of the mother and KIR ligands on the fetal cells could have an effect on fetomaternal microchimerism. In one study, mothers with KIR2DS1 exhibited higher levels of fetomaternal microchimerism compared to mothers who were negative for this activating KIR.

The potential health consequences of these cells are unknown. One hypothesis is that these fetal cells might trigger a graft-versus-host reaction leading to autoimmune disease. This offers a potential explanation for why many autoimmune diseases are more prevalent in middle-aged women. Another hypothesis is that fetal cells home to injured or diseased maternal tissue where they act as stem cells and participate in repair. It is also possible that the fetal cells are merely innocent bystanders and have no effect on maternal health.

After giving birth, about 50–75% of women carry fetal immune cell lines. Maternal immune cells are also found in the offspring yielding in maternal→fetal microchimerism, though this phenomenon is about half as frequent as the former.

Microchimerism had also been shown to exist after blood transfusions to a severely immunocompromised population of patients who suffered trauma.

Other possible sources of microchimerism include gestation, an individual's older sibling, twin sibling, or vanished twin, with the cells being received in utero. Fetal-maternal microchimerism is especially prevalent after abortion or miscarriage.

Animal
Microchimerism occurs in most pairs of twins in cattle. In cattle (and other bovines), the placentas of fraternal twins usually fuse and the twins share blood circulation, resulting in exchange of cell lines. If the twins are a male–female pair, then XX/XY microchimerism results, and male hormones partially masculinize the heifer (female), creating a martin heifer or freemartin. Freemartins appear female, but are infertile and so cannot be used for breeding or dairy production. Microchimerism provides a method of diagnosing the condition, because male genetic material can be detected in a blood sample.

Fetomaternal microchimerism in the brain
Several studies have identified male DNA in both the human and mouse brains of mothers following pregnancy with a male fetus. It has been suggested that the fetal-derived cells can differentiate into those capable of presenting neurotypical immunomarkers on their surface. There has been no strong evidence to say microchimerism of the maternal brain leads to disease; however, Parkinson's disease correlates with a higher incidence of brain microchimeras. Alzheimer's disease studies support nearly the opposite correlation: the more fetal-derived cells present, the lower the chance of the patient having had Alzheimer's.

Maternal tolerance to paternal-fetal antigens
There are many mechanisms at the maternal-fetal interface to prevent immune rejection of fetal cells. Nevertheless, systemic immunological changes occur in pregnant women. For example, condition of women suffering from autoimmune disorders (e.g. rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis) improves during pregnancy. These changes in immune responses during pregnancy extend to maternal components specific to fetal antigens, because of feto-maternal cell transfer and their retention in mother tissues. During pregnancy, numbers of fetal cells in maternal tissues increase and correlate with expansion of CD4+ regulatory T cells (Tregs). Decreased expansion and decidual accumulation of Treg cause pregnancy complications (preeclampsia, abortions). In mice models, most mother's fetal-specific CD8+ T cells undergo clonal deletion and express low levels of chemokine receptors and ligands – this prevents remaining fetal-specific CD8+ T cells from entering the maternal-fetal interface. Mother's fetal-specific CD4+ T cells proliferate, and due to FOXP3 expression, differentiate into Treg cells. Mice models show that fetal-specific Treg cells are necessary for successful pregnancy.

Fetal tolerance to noninherited maternal antigens
Fetal T cells accumulate during in utero development. Even though the fetus is exposed to noninherited maternal antigens (NIMAs), fetal CD4+ T cells are capable of alloantigen-induced proliferation, preferentially differentiating to Treg cells and preventing a fetal immune response to maternal antigens. This expanded immune tolerance persists in both mother and offspring after birth and allows microchimeric cells to be retained in tissues.

Postnatal tolerance to NIMAs
NIMA-specific tolerance causes some interesting immunological phenotypes: sensitization to erythrocyte Rhesus factor (Rh) antigens is reduced among Rh- women born to Rh+ women, long-term kidney allograft survival is improved in NIMA-matched donor-recipient sibling pairs, or acuteness of bone marrow transplantation graft-versus-host disease is reduced, when recipients of donor stem cells are NIMA-matched. Cross-fostering animal studies show that when postnatal NIMA exposure though breastfeeding is eliminated, survival of NIMA-matched allografts is reduced. This suggests that to maintain NIMA-specific tolerance in offspring, breastfeeding is essential, but ingestion of mother's cells alone does not prime NIMA-specific tolerance. Both prenatal and postnatal exposure to mother's cells is required to maintain NIMA-specific tolerance.

Benefits of microchimeric cells
The severity of preexisting autoimmune disorders is reduced during pregnancy and it is most apparent when fetal microchimeric cells levels are highest - during the last trimester. These cells can also replace injured maternal cells and recover tissue function (type I diabetes mouse model showed replacement of defective maternal islet cells by fetal-derived pancreatic cells ). Fetal microchimeric cells can differentiate into cell types that infiltrate and replace injured cells in models of Parkinson's disease or myocardial infarction. They also help in wound healing by neoangiogenesis. Seeding of fetal microchimeric cells into maternal tissues has been proposed to promote care of offspring after birth (seeding of maternal breast tissue may promote lactation, and seeding of brain may enhance maternal attention).

Relationship with autoimmune diseases and breast cancer
Microchimerism has been implicated in autoimmune diseases. Independent studies repeatedly suggested that microchimeric cells of fetal origin may be involved in the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis. Moreover, microchimeric cells of maternal origin may be involved in the pathogenesis of a group of autoimmune diseases found in children, i.e. juvenile idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (one example would be juvenile dermatomyositis). Microchimerism has now been further implicated in other autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus. Contrarily, an alternative hypothesis on the role of microchimeric cells in lesions is that they may be facilitating tissue repair of the damaged organ.

Moreover, fetal immune cells have also been frequently found in breast cancer stroma as compared to samples taken from healthy women. It is not clear, however, whether fetal cell lines promote the development of tumors or, contrarily, protect women from developing breast carcinoma.

Systemic lupus erythematosus
The presence of fetal cells in mothers can be associated with benefits when it comes to certain autoimmune diseases. In particular, male fetal cells are related to helping mothers with systemic lupus erythematosus. When kidney biopsies were taken from patients with lupus nephritis, DNA was extracted and run with PCR. The male fetal DNA was quantified and the presence of specific Y chromosome sequences were found. Women with lupus nephritis containing male fetal cells in their kidney biopsies exhibited better renal system functioning. Levels of serum creatinine, which is related to kidney failure, were low in mothers with high levels of male fetal cells. In contrast, women without male fetal cells who had lupus nephritis showed a more serious form of glomerulonephritis and higher levels of serum creatinine.

The specific role that fetal cells play in microchimerism related to certain autoimmune diseases is not fully understood. However, one hypothesis states that these cells supply antigens, causing inflammation and triggering the release of different foreign antigens. This would trigger autoimmune disease instead of serving as a therapeutic. A different hypothesis states that fetal microchimeric cells are involved in repairing tissues. When tissues get inflamed, fetal microchimeric cells go to the damaged site and aid in repair and regeneration of the tissue.

Thyroid disease
Fetal maternal microchimerism may be related to autoimmune thyroid diseases. There have been reports of fetal cells in the lining of the blood and thyroid glands of patients with autoimmune thyroid disease. These cells could become activated after delivery of the baby after immune suppression in the mother is lost, suggesting a role of fetal cells in the pathogenesis of such diseases. Two types of thyroid disease, Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) and Graves' disease (GD), show similarities to graft vs host disease which occurs after hematopoietic stem cell transplants. Fetal cells colonize maternal tissues like the thyroid gland and are able to survive many years postpartum. These fetal microchimeric cells in the thyroid show up in the blood of women affected by thyroid diseases.

Sjögren syndrome
Sjögren syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune rheumatic disease of the exocrine glands. Increased incidence of SS after childbirth suggests a relationship between SS and pregnancy, and this led to the hypothesis that fetal microchimerism may be involved in SS pathogenesis. Studies showed the presence of Y-chromosome-positive fetal cells in minor salivary glands in 11 of 20 women with SS but in only one of eight normal controls. Fetal cells in salivary glands suggest that they may be involved in the development of SS.

Oral lichen planus
Lichen planus (LP) is a T-cell-mediated autoimmune chronic disease of unknown etiology. Females have a three times higher prevalence than men. LP is characterized by T lymphocytes infiltration of the lower levels of epithelium, where they damage basal cells and cause apoptosis. The fetal microchimerism may trigger a fetus versus host reaction and therefore may play a role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases including LP.

Breast cancer
Pregnancy has a positive effect on the prognosis of breast cancer according to several studies  and it apparently increases the chance of survival after diagnosis of breast cancer. Possible positive effects of pregnancy could be explained by the persistence of fetal cells in the blood and maternal tissues.

Fetal cells are probably actively migrating from peripheral blood into the tumor tissue where they are preferentially settled in the tumor stroma and one their concentration decreases as they get closer to the healthy breast tissue. There are two suggested mechanisms by which the fetal cells could have the positive effect on the breast cancer prognosis. The first mechanism suggests that fetal cells only oversee cancer cells and they attract components of the immune system if needed. The second option is that the down-regulation of the immune system induced by the presence of fetal cells could ultimately lead to cancer prevention, because women in whom FMC is present produce lower concentrations of inflammatory mediators, which may lead to the development of neoplastic tissue.

The effect also depends on the level of microchimerism: Hyperchimerism (a high rate of microchimerism) and hypochimerism (a low rate of microchimerism) can be related to the negative effect of FMC and thus can promote a worse prognosis of breast cancer. Apparently, women with breast cancer may fail in the process of obtaining and maintaining allogeneic fetal cells. Low concentration and / or complete absence of fetal cells could indicate a predisposition to development of the malignant process.

Other cancers
Study of S. Hallum shows association between male origin fetal cells and ovarian cancer risk. Presence of Y chromosome was used to detect foreign cells in women's blood. Microchimerism is a result of pregnancy, possibility that foreign cells were of transfusion or transplantation origin was rejected due to women's health. Women testing positive for male origin microchimerism cells had reduced hazard rates of ovarian cancer than women testing negative. Pregnancy at older ages can reduce risk of ovarian cancer. Numbers of microchimeric cells declines after pregnancy, and ovarian cancer is most frequent in postmenopausal women. This suggests that fetal microchimerism may play a protective role in ovarian cancer as well. Microchimeric cells also cluster several times more in lung tumors than in surrounding healthy lung tissue. Fetal cells from the bone marrow go to the tumor sites where they may have tissue repair functions. Microchimerism of fetomaternal cell trafficking origin might be associated with the pathogenesis or progression of cervical cancer. Male cells were observed in patients with cervical cancer but not in positive controls. Microchimeric cells might induce the alteration of the woman's immune system and make the cervical tissue more susceptible to HPV infection or provide a suitable environment for tumor growth.

Role of microchimerism in wound healing
Microchimeric fetal cells expressed collagen I, III and TGF-β3, and they were identified in healed maternal cesarean section scars. This suggests that these cells migrate to the site of damage due to maternal skin injury signals, and help repair tissue.

Animal models
Fetomaternal microchimerism has been shown in experimental investigations of whether fetal cells can cross the blood brain barrier in mice. The properties of these cells allow them to cross the blood brain barrier and target injured brain tissue. This mechanism is possible because umbilical cord blood cells express some proteins similar to neurons. When these umbilical cord blood cells are injected in rats with brain injury or stroke, they enter the brain and express certain nerve cell markers. Due to this process, fetal cells could enter the brain during pregnancy and become differentiated into neural cells. Fetal microchimerism can occur in the maternal mouse brain, responding to certain cues in the maternal body.

Health implications
Fetal microchimerism could have an implication on maternal health. Isolating cells in cultures can alter the properties of the stem cells, but in pregnancy the effects of fetal stem cells can be investigated without in vitro cultures. Once characterized and isolated, fetal cells that are able to cross the blood brain barrier could impact certain procedures. For example, isolating stem cells can be accomplished through taking them from sources like the umbilical cord. These fetal stem cells can be used in intravenous infusion to repair the brain tissue. Hormonal changes in pregnancy alter neurogenesis, which could create favorable environments for fetal cells to respond to injury.

The true function on fetal cells in mothers is not fully known, however, there have been reports of positive and negative health effects. The sharing of genes between the fetus and mother may lead to benefits. Due to not all genes being shared, health complications may arise as a result of resource allocation. During pregnancy, fetal cells are able to manipulate the maternal system to draw resources from the placenta, while the maternal system tries to limit it.

title: Microchimerism


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Mordenkainen

Mordenkainen is a fictional wizard from the World of Greyhawk campaign setting for the Dungeons & Dragons roleplaying game. He was created by Gary Gygax as a player character, only months after the start of Gygax's Greyhawk campaign and is therefore one of the oldest characters continuously associated with Dungeons & Dragons.

Once Gygax was forced out of TSR, Inc., he lost creative control of Mordenkainen. TSR then made Mordenkainen a powerful wizard with strong convictions against moral absolutes, and the leader of the Circle of Eight, a cabal of eight powerful wizards. In fiction associated with the World of Greyhawk, he has played diverse roles as both protagonist and antagonist.

Official publications for the World of Greyhawk sometimes contradict each other regarding Mordenkainen. It is clear, however, that he is an important figure in the fictional history of the Flanaess.

Creative origins
In late 1972, Gary Gygax created Castle Greyhawk and the dungeons beneath it. After a few months of almost non-stop play as the Dungeon Master, Gygax asked one of the players, Rob Kuntz, to become co-Dungeon Master, which would allow Gygax an opportunity to experience the game as a player. Gygax subsequently created several characters, including a 1st-level wizard in early 1973. Gygax was interested in Finnish mythology, and named the wizard Mordenkainen, a portmanteau of the mythical heroes Mordecai and Lemminkäinen. Kuntz started a role-playing campaign in his Kalibruhn setting in 1973, in which Mordenkainen and Yrag developed as player characters of Gary Gygax.

He was to become Gygax's most famous character, and also his favorite to play. Over several years of gameplay, mainly from 1973 to 1985, Gygax developed the character traits and adventures with which Mordenkainen would become associated, as well as raising the wizard to "twenty-something levels". During this period, Gygax united Mordenkainen with seven of his other characters to form the Circle of Eight. During his lifetime, Gygax never disclosed any of Mordenkainen's original game statistics.

When Gygax was forced out of TSR in 1985, he lost the rights to most of the characters he had mentioned in TSR publications, including Mordenkainen. TSR subsequently changed Mordenkainen in ways unforeseen by his creator. When the Greyhawk campaign world was reset in 1991's From the Ashes, Mordenkainen was refashioned as the world's most powerful wizard. The Circle of Eight was now described as a cabal of eight wizards supervised by Mordenkainen, who together sought to balance the forces of good and evil.

Mordenkainen is one of the famous mages whose spells were included in the 1988 Greyhawk Adventures hardbound. His name has been associated with various spells published in the Dungeons & Dragons system of magic.

Publishing history
Mordenkainen's AD&D statistics were first published in The Rogues Gallery (1980), although Gary Gygax was later emphatic that he never gave author Brian Blume any information about the wizard, and insisted that Blume had been forced to make up the published statistics. Variations on Mordenkainen's AD&D statistics were also published in Mordenkainen's Fantastic Adventure (1984), The City of Greyhawk (1989) and Epic Level Handbook (2002).

He was also mentioned in the following publications:

 * Expedition to the Ruins of Greyhawk (2007)
 * "The Wizards Three" series of articles from Dragon Magazine
 * Mordenkainen's Magnificent Emporium (2011)
 * Mordenkainen's Tome of Foes (2018)
 * Mordenkainen Presents: Monsters of the Multiverse (2022)

Mordenkainen also figured prominently in the parody adventure Castle Greyhawk (1988), in which he runs a film studio, possibly a reference to Gary Gygax's work at the time as TSR's liaison to Hollywood while he was developing the Dungeons & Dragons cartoon and other projects.

Mordenkainen appears in material for the fifth edition of D&D, including Curse of Strahd (2016), and Baldur's Gate: Descent Into Avernus (2019).

Mordenkainen's name appeared in certain spells within the core rulebooks of the game's 3rd edition's as one of the few elements from Greyhawk, even though that was designated as the core setting. Spells named after Mordenkainen also appear in D&D-based computer games like Neverwinter Nights.

Description
Mordenkainen is described as tall, with a greyly streaked Van Dyke beard, wearing long boots and carrying a staff.

Mordenkainen keeps his own counsel and does not tolerate fools. He operates according to a theory based on power balance and Neutrality, trying to keep neither Good nor Evil from getting the upper hand; he operates very much from the shadows.

Reception
Mordenkainen was #9 on Game Rant 's 2020 "10 Must-Have NPCs In Dungeons & Dragons Lore To Make Your Campaigns Awesome" list — the article states that "As an NPC, players might search for Mordenkainen for his expertise in the magical arts. After all, Mordenkainen heads the Circle of Eight, a group of Wizards and prolific spell inventors. Campaigns planning on adapting Curse of Strahd may also include Mordenkainen as an NPC they need to save– or face, depending on the circumstances."

Writer Aubrey Sherman called Mordenkainen one "of Dungeons & Dragons's most famous wizards" and found similarities with both Elminster and Gandalf with respect to appearance, demeanor, outlook and importance in their respective worlds.

Backstab magazine contributor Kaneda considered Mordenkainen one of the greatest magicians from the Greyhawk campaign setting.

title: Mordenkainen


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Inskip Point

Inskip Point is a peninsula in the north of the locality of Inskip to the north of the town of Rainbow Beach in south-east Queensland, Australia. It is the vehicular gateway to Fraser Island (also known as K'Gari and Gari), a popular recreational area.

The area became notorious for its near-shore landslides in which the beach collapses into the ocean. The worst event occurred in 2015 when campsites, cars and trailers fell into the ocean.

Geography
It lies between Tin Can Bay to the South West and Great Sandy Strait to the North and curves back towards Rainbow Beach and the Coral Sea to the East.

The southern tip of Fraser Island, Hook Point lies some 1,200 metres north of Inskip Point, the northern tip of the peninsula. Two ferry services run between Inskip Point and Hook Point during daylight hours.

Fauna
The black-breasted buttonquail, a restricted-range endemic buttonquail, was once found in sand-dunes on the peninsula. Its current numbers are now assumed to be one. Mike West, former president of Birds Queensland, blames dingoes and wild dogs for hunting the population to extinction. West suggests trapping dingoes and wild dogs, setting them free if they are pure dingoes and killing them if they are not.

title: Inskip Point


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Talk:Juventud Guerrera

The Juvi Goes Crazy in a Australian Hotel Incident
Why no mention of while WCW toured Australia Juvi, after reported taking Ecstasy and I think heavily drinking, stripped naked causing a scene in a hotel lobby to where police were called and he ended up fighting with them and led to his being fired. The section on his WCW stint looks like it was butchered at the end and doesn't mention at all what the conditions were of his leaving. I know it's been awhile so I doubt what would be considered a "reliable source" could be found in the form of a news article. The best things I could find are here: and  do a search for his name on this one. PHOENIXZERO 20:25, 12 September 2007 (UTC)

Juvi Driver
The Juvi Driver is a Michinoku Driver II, not a double underhook piledriver. Please see, and. McPhail 22:06, 21 August 2005 (UTC)

Juventud's release
The language describing what took place was a bit of a mess. I decided to clean it up and clarify that his final match was televised the same day that WWE cut him. BronzeWarrior 08:27, 7 January 2006 (UTC)

Son?
Juventud has a son named Andre that was born in 2000. I don't have a sourece other than an article in the WOW Magazine. This needs to be put on his page with a better sorce.(MgTurtle 02:30, 28 July 2007 (UTC)).

WikiProject class rating
This article was automatically assessed because at least one article was rated and this bot brought all the other ratings up to at least that level. BetacommandBot 23:03, 27 August 2007 (UTC)

Needs Cleaning
This page's info box needs cleaning. I would do it myself, but I am new to Wiki and am currently learning how to carry out actions like these. Arthur Cutz (talk) 17:13, 21 May 2008 (UTC)

Mexican Powers
The Mexican Powers section needs to be expanded, theirs so mutch history including the events of when each member left Prince Bee (talk) 12:08, 6 June 2009 (UTC)
 * Actually that belongs in an article of it's own, this is just about what Juvi did with the Powers, not what the Powers did in general. MPJ-DK (talk) 16:46, 6 June 2009 (UTC)

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He NEVER imitated The Rock or copied his catchphrases . WTF . That's total OPINION and should NOT be there.
I seriously doubt anyone else on earth thinks Juvi was copying The Rock. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 96.233.70.198 (talk) 06:59, 21 March 2017 (UTC)
 * The Juice was totally ripping off the Rock. I am on earth, your doubts have been proven wrong. q.E.D.  MPJ  -DK 12:44, 21 March 2017 (UTC)

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The Juice
“the Juice.” Is not on the Smackdown hotel.Kurisumasen (talk) 11:50, 27 August 2021 (UTC) did “the juice” have his own theme inspired by The Rock?Kurisumasen (talk) 11:51, 27 August 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Juventud Guerrera


text:
Bonavista Bay

Bonavista Bay (BB) is a large bay located on the northeast coast of the island of Newfoundland in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador in Canada. It opens directly onto the Atlantic Ocean.

The bay is demarcated by Cape Freels to the north and Cape Bonavista to the south. Cape Bonavista is also the eastern limit of the Bonavista Peninsula, which forms the bay's southern shore. The topography of the central western shore of the bay is composed of numerous channels and islands. This area also hosts Terra Nova National Park.

Containing many densely forested islands, Bonavista Bay is virtually landlocked. With temperatures sometimes reaching -1 °C, it attracts the occasional iceberg. However, due to the dense forestry, the region inside the bay can sometimes be warm enough for lobster cultivation.

The smaller communities in Newfoundland may often be referenced by the Bay in which they are located, e.g.: 'Wesleyville, BB'.

Fishing communities

 * Newtown
 * Wesleyville
 * Badger's Quay
 * Valleyfield
 * North West Arm
 * Centreville
 * Trinity
 * Dover
 * Hare Bay
 * Gambo
 * Glovertown
 * Eastport
 * Port Blandford
 * Musgravetown
 * Summerville
 * Bonavista

The bay has a small ferry operated by the provincial government providing service from Burnside to St. Brendan's on Cottel's Island.

title: Bonavista Bay


text: User:Stevecov

title: User:Stevecov


text:
File:SuikodenIV cover.jpg

Rationale for the fair use of this image in the article Suikoden IV:

title: File:SuikodenIV cover.jpg


text:
Marcel Theroux

Marcel Raymond Theroux (born 13 June 1968) is a British-American novelist and broadcaster. He wrote A Stranger in The Earth and The Confessions of Mycroft Holmes: A Paper Chase, for which he won the Somerset Maugham Award in 2002. His third novel, A Blow to the Heart, was published by Faber in 2006. His fourth, Far North, was published in June 2009. His fifth, Strange Bodies, was published in May 2013. He has also worked in television news in New York City and in Boston.

He is the elder son of the American travel writer and novelist Paul Theroux and his then-wife Anne Castle. His younger brother, Louis Theroux, is a journalist, documentarian, and television presenter.

Early life
Marcel Theroux was born in 1968 in Kampala, Uganda, where his American father, Paul Theroux, was teaching at Makerere University. His mother is Anne Castle, an Englishwoman. The family spent the next two years in Singapore, where his father taught at the National University of Singapore. After their move to England, Theroux was brought up in Wandsworth, London. After attending a state primary school, he boarded at Westminster School where his best friend was Nick Clegg. He went on to study English literature at Clare College, Cambridge. He won a fellowship to study International Relations with a specialisation in Soviet and East European Studies at Yale University.

He lives in Tooting, London, and is married. His paternal French surname originates from the region around Sarthe and Yonne in France. It is quite common in francophone countries and is originally spelled Théroux. His father, born and raised in the United States, is of half French Canadian and half Italian descent.

Career
From 2000 to 2002, Theroux presented a series of documentaries for Unreported World.

In 2004 he presented The End of the World as We Know It, part of the War on Terra television series about climate change on Channel 4. He was chosen as presenter because he originally knew nothing about the subject. He initially believed that all environmentalists were opposed to technological progress. But during his research, he became convinced that the world faced a global problem on a scale so serious that an expansion of nuclear energy is probably the best solution (choosing the lesser evil). He reached this conclusion partly in response to his interviews with several experts, such as Gerhard Bertz of the insurance agency Munich Re, who said that during the past 20 years, payments for natural disasters have increased by 500 percent. He also interviewed Royal Dutch Shell chairman Lord Ron Oxburgh. A PR assistant interrupted them. Oxburgh's negative views on the consequences of current oil consumption were likely considered detrimental to the corporation's image.

In March 2006 Theroux presented Death of a Nation on More4, as part of The State of Russia series. In the programme he explored the country's post-Soviet problems, including population decline, the growing AIDS epidemic, and the persecution of the Meskhetian Turks. During interviews in the programme, he spoke simple Russian.

On 28 September 2008 he presented Oligart: The Great Russian Art Boom on Channel 4, exploring the role of Russia's rich in keeping Russia's art history alive by buying and exhibiting domestic art.

In March 2009, Faber and Faber published Theroux's Far North, a future epic set in the Siberian taiga.

On 16 March 2009, Theroux presented In Search of Wabi-sabi on BBC Four, as part of the channel's 'Hidden Japan' season of programming. Theroux travelled and reported from Japan to explore the aesthetic tastes of Japan and its people.

In 2012, he presented a documentary for Unreported World Series 23, on the subject of street children in Ukraine.

His novel Strange Bodies won the 2014 John W. Campbell Memorial Award.

In 2017, he presented a documentary for Unreported World which explored the social and economic consequences of the recent rise in Orthodoxy and Russian nationalism under Vladimir Putin.

In 2020, he presented a documentary for Unreported World which explored middle-aged, single Japanese men's obsession with 'Junior Idols' and whether it was a quirk in Japanese culture or something more sinister.

title: Marcel Theroux


text:
User talk:Stevecov

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! --User:Deepak gupta 22:08, 21 August 2005 (UTC)
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WikiProject Football/Article improvement drive
Hi Stevecov,

WikiProject Football is starting a football Article Improvement Drive. This is a weekly collaboration to improve football (soccer) articles to featured article status. Articles to be improved can be nominated by registered users, with an explanation of what work is needed. Each Sunday, the article with the most support votes is chosen and then worked on to make it better than what it is. You're invited to take part in the drive, and also join the WikiProject Football. Thanks. -Aabha (talk) 11:08, 27 December 2005 (UTC)

W963
Hi Steve. Any chance you used to be a W963 member...? --Rebroad 00:53, 2 January 2006 (UTC)

Football AID 8-14 January
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counts
I saw your comment at User talk:Cryptic about counting edits. You might be interested in WP:KT. Chick Bowen 05:28, 11 January 2006 (UTC)

Football AID 23 - 30 January
Thank you for participating in the Football AID vote this week. Bobby Charlton has been selected as this week's collaboration. Please do help in working to improve it.

Image Tagging Image:Vetch field.gif
Thanks for uploading Image:Vetch field.gif. I notice the 'image' page currently doesn't specify who created the content, so the copyright status is unclear. If you have not created this media yourself then you need to argue that we have the right to use the media on Wikipedia (see copyright tagging below). If you have not created the media yourself then you should also specify where you found it, i.e., in most cases link to the website where you got it, and the terms of use for content from that page.

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Leon Knight
Hi Stevecov,

I noticed you removed my paragraph about Leon Knight's two goals against Brentford. I do not intend to update a player's profile every time they score, but I will if the goals they score are relevant. As I stated it has probably put Leon Knight well onto his way into the Swansea history books and it has more than assured the majority of our fans that we are capable of being a good goalscoring side without Lee Trundle. It also made sure we visit the Millenium Stadium for the second time in 55 days which, to my recall, is a record (I think Southend did it in 56 days).

I won't change it back until I receive a response but I hope you do think it's worthy of being included. I just thought the more information on wikipedia the better.

Whitecyda :-)

 * I have re-inserted mention of the goals but in a less overblown way. I think I am reluctant to talk about "history books" and "records" in quite the excited fashion you do: if we don't win the play-offs then this season won't be notable in the history books at all.  Do you remember who scored the goals in the semi-final in 1997 when we lost the final?  Ditto when we won the two-legged final in 1988?  Similarly, I don't consider playing two finals closer together than any another team as a "record": it's just an accident of the calendar.  It is important to remember that Wikipedia is an encyclopaedia, so it needs to record matters which a reasonable encyclopaedia would cite.  I agree the Milton Keynes hat-trick was notable because it was on début and that at Chesterfield because it sealed the play-off place.  However, two goals in a game is a common feat and a semi-final is not an especially notable occasion.  A winning goal in the play-off final, by contrast, would certainly be worthy of a Wikimention. - Stevecov 17:15, 16 May 2006 (UTC)

Oh, and another note; I didn't add the MK Dons hat-trick info, that was already there before I started editing Knight's profile.
 * Point taken. Maybe I did over-rate it a bit. And by the way, no, I don't remember who scored those goals. I was way to young to remember them as I was only 2 years old in 1988.

OBE are titular letters, not a surname
I am sorry, but I did not know that, and I did not notice that it was later explained. I merely thought it was an error in which someone had accidentally capitalized what I perceived to be the last name. Not being from Britain, I had never heard of the acronym, "OBE". Were I to see this in the future (without you having informed me), I would have realized that it was not a surname. and I would have no reason to change it, so you needn't worry. Michael 19:57, 28 May 2006 (UTC)

Swansonline
Hi there - having looked through swansonline.co.uk, I can see no evidence that it is a linkfarm or a cash-for-clicks site at all; all hyperlinks out are straight to the relevant site and not via a redirect script or anything. It looks to me just like a standard fansite. You are right in saying that the site has little original content, and links to video copyright infringements, and for those reasons it probably should not be included in External Links, as per WP:EL. However, you're not doing yourself or the discussion any favours by accusing the guy concerned of profiting from it, when there is no evidence to suggest it. To me the site looks no more than an enthusiastic fan running a free service, who tries to recoup some of the costs with a GoogleAds and a donate button. It really isn't on to make out he is doing anything worse than that. Qwghlm 19:02, 29 May 2006 (UTC)

 * Thanks for your comments; I have seen various cash-for-clicks football sites and this looked like one of them. In any event, the site owner was unable to acknowledge that we are trying to build an encyclopaedia rather than a free-for-all, but has nevertheless accepted that his site is not yet ready for inclusion as an appropriate resource. - Stevecov 19:35, 29 May 2006 (UTC)

 * Sure, the website has been removed, but will you not discuss further on what external links need to be removed? This is starting to look more and more like a personal vendetta. I think one of my fellow editors (Oldelpaso) put it best: Currently there are 4 fan sites listed, which from a cursory glance look to provide similar info, so from what it says in #3 these need trimming. If you are going to have Swansonline removed, you most likely will have to remove others too. Just my thoughts. Questions, see my talk page. — Ian Manka Talk to me! 22:01, 29 May 2006 (UTC)

 * Hullo, thanks for asking me to provide an opinion. Sorry I'm fairly inconclusive.... However, if you're looking to make Swansea City an FA I might be able to help a bit. The article is already approaching it's limit at 32kb. I'd suggest it is the position chart that is taking up a lot of it.

I'd suggest trimming the club history suggesting and move the information, along with the chart onto a separate History of Swansea City A.F.C article. Just a thought. HornetMike 02:19, 30 May 2006 (UTC)

 * In terms of getting the Swansea article to featured status, you can probably get most of the way there by using the existing featured football club articles for inspiration. Or at least that's what I did with Manchester City F.C.. Try to adhere to the manual of style for football clubs. The big season by season list should go, though it seems a shame to lose all the information. Perhaps it could be converted into a graph like the one on FC St. Pauli. An important thing to do is not to neglect earlier history in favour of recent events. It's an easy mistake to make, but an avoidable one. And remember to cite your sources! Oldelpaso 19:40, 31 May 2006 (UTC)

Football AID 4 June - 10 June
Thank you for participating in the Football AID vote this week. UEFA Cup has been selected as this week's collaboration. Please do help in working to improve it.

Football AID 11 June - 17 June
Thank you for participating in the Football AID vote this week. Watford F.C. has been selected as this week's collaboration. Please do help in working to improve it.

Swansea vandal
I just happened to catch that vandalism while investigating the one you reported to WP:AIV. Actually, I don't think the vandal had been warned with test3 or test4, but another admin blocked it after I put the warning up. No great loss there. Anyway, please do keep an eye on the page and if other vandals persist after being warned, let us know at AIV. Thanks! —Josiah Rowe (talk • contribs) 17:46, 13 June 2006 (UTC)

Knowlege is Power
I thought a football fan would have known this. You lads love the holliganism. A "kerbie" is the act of forcing, usually through extreme violence, a victim to lay flat on their stomach in the road and bite the kerb of the pavement. Having done so, one stamps with all their force of the back of said victim's head, the resulting damage to the victim's teeth and face being about as funny as Victoria Wood. BTW, pleace do not attribute this to my generation, we get an awfully bad wrap, and we really are nice people (we just don't like shit female comics). I'm sure Rockers and Mods were exchanging kerbies down on Brighton pier long before you or I were born.--Crestville 08:49, 29 June 2006 (UTC)

Thanks for Supporting my RfA!
Thank you for supporting my RfA, which passed by a margin of 54/6/1. Despite the RfA closing almost a month ago, I have been busy watching the FIFA World Cup and other things outside of Wikipedia, so I haven't gotten around to hand-typing each of these "thank yous." But I have now, and I thank you for your support. I'm glad you supported me based on your experience with me as an editor -- I strive to be a thoughtful and respectful editor. If you ever catch me doing something I shouldn't as an admin, don't hesitate to let me know. Or, if you need assistance with an issue that requires admin attention, don't hesitate to look me up. Sorry again for the late response, and I thank you again for your support. Ian Manka Talk to me! 08:34, 18 July 2006 (UTC)

Francis Wedgwood 1880-1888
Died in 1888, not 1880. It seems that the Wedgwood Museum of all people got it wrong. I've corrected it. — Dunc|☺ 15:34, 9 August 2006 (UTC)

Roger Williams (playwright)
Hi, Steve! As you know from WP:V, it's not enough that a fact be true - Wikipedia needs some reliable, verifiable source that says it's true. The best summary of why that's so can be found at Attribution. I, too, was unable to find anything from a reliable source, which is why I put the banner there. I was hoping someone would have a printed book that I didn't have which might have something. Unfortunately, due to WP:BLP, we can't say he's gay (or even include him in a "gay writers" category) if we don't have a reference. Any help you could give in finding one would be *much* appreciated! -- SatyrTN (talk | contribs) 01:34, 13 June 2007 (UTC)

Disputed fair use rationale for Image:Univ warwick crest.gif
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Unreferenced BLPs
Hello Stevecov! Thank you for your contributions. I am a bot alerting you that 1 of the articles that you created  is tagged as an Unreferenced Biography of a Living Person. The biographies of living persons policy requires that all personal or potentially controversial information be sourced. In addition, to ensure verifiability, all biographies should be based on reliable sources. If you were to bring this article up to standards, it would greatly help us with the current Category:All_unreferenced_BLPs article backlog. Once the article is adequately referenced, please remove the unreferencedBLP tag. Here is the article:

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 * 1) Roger Williams (playwright) -

ArbCom elections are now open!
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Vera Kholodnaya

Vera Vasilyevna Kholodnaya (née Levchenko; ; Вера Васильевна Холодная; 5 August 1893 – 16 February 1919) was a Ukrainian actress of Russian Empire cinema. She was the first star of Imperial Russian silent cinema. Only five of her films still exist, and the total number she acted in is unknown, with speculation ranging from 50 to 100.

Early life
Born in Poltava (Russian Empire, now Ukraine), she went to live in Moscow with her widowed grandmother at the age of 2. As a girl, she dreamed of a career in classical ballet and enrolled at the Bolshoi Theatre ballet school. From early childhood. Vera participated in family theatricals. When she was age 10, Vera was sent to the famous Perepelkina's grammar school.

Personal life
At the graduation prom she met Vladimir Kholodny, who was then a student, an editor of a daily sport newspaper and a race-driver, said to be one of the early Russian car racers. They got married in 1910 despite disapproval of both families. Vera often accompanied him in races, which resulted in road accidents. She also adopted his surname, which translates to "the cold one". Later, many took it for a well-chosen pseudonym. Their daughter Evgeniya was born in 1912, and they adopted a girl, Nata, a year later.

Career rise
In 1908, Vera attended a performance of Francesca da Rimini, with Vera Komissarzhevskaya in the title role. She was deeply impressed with Komissarzhevskaya's artistry and decided to venture in film acting. She approached Vladimir Gardin, a leading Russian film director, who cast her in a minor role in his grand production of Anna Karenina.

In 1915 Yevgeni Bauer was to direct the film Song of Triumphant Love (Pesn Torzhestvuyushchey Lyubvi), a mystical love drama (after Turgenev) and was searching for an actress of outstanding beauty. When Vera Kholodnaya was introduced to Bauer, he at once approved her for the role, being impressed by her beauty.

Song of Triumphant Love was an enormous success and Yevgeni Bauer immediately started shooting his another movie starring Kholodnaya. It was a melodrama Flame of the Sky (Plamya Neba) about guilty love of a young woman married off to an old widower, and his son. Although Flame of the Sky was shot after Song of Triumphant Love, it was the first to go on screen and so brought fame to Vera Kholodnaya.

At first it was hard for Vera to convey complex psychological nuances and so she imitated the acting of Asta Nielsen but gradually developed her own style. Vera's extravagant costumes and large gray eyes made her an enigmatic screen presence which fascinated audiences across Imperial Russia.

Her next picture was The Children of the Age (Deti veka), aired in 1915, a drama with pretensions to revealing social problems.

Tremendous success was Pyotr Chardynin's tragic melodrama The Mirages (1916), followed by the 'fancy drama' Beauty Must Reign in the World by Yevgeni Bauer, melodrama Fiery Devil, and another melodrama A Life for a Life, which turned one of the most popular films in Vera Kholodnaya's career and brought her the title 'the Queen of Screen'. The author of this title was Alexander Vertinsky who venerated the actress and frequented her house. In 1916 Khanzhonkov's company started making the film Pierrot with Vertinsky and Kholodnaya playing the leads. Unfortunately, the film was not completed.

In the beginning of 1917 was released of one of the best films with Vera Kholodnaya, namely By the Fireplace (U kamina), based on a popular romance. The tragic film about a family broken by a rich lover ended with the death of the protagonist played by Vera Kholodnaya. The triumph of the drama exceeded all the films shot in Russia before that. It was so until 1918 when the movie Be Silent, My Sorrow, Be Silent (Molchi, grust, molchi) aired and received even great acceptance. Like many of her films, it was based on a Russian traditional love song. At the same time there was probably no other film so much criticized, especially after the revolution. By the middle of 1918 Vera Kholodnaya turned from just a popular and admired actress into a real phenomenon of the Russian cinema.

Her latest movies were Krasnaya zarya (1918), Zhivoy trup (1918), The Last Tango (1918).

However, only five works with Kholodnaya have been preserved. The Children of the Age was the earliest of them. The other four extant films are: The Mirages (1916), A Life for a Life (1916), A Corpse Living (1918), and Be Silent, My Sorrow, Be Silent (1918).

A Life for a Life was the film that definitively established Kholodnaya's star status.

World War I and the Russian Revolution

After her husband was drafted to fight in World War I, Kholodnaya signed with a rival Khanzhonkov studio.

During World War I, Kholodnaya took part in charity concerts, selling gifts to support soldiers and their families. Soldiers worshipped Kholodnaya, calling her "our Verochka". In breaks between shooting sessions, Kholodnaya travelled to the front to visit her husband.

By the time of the Russian Revolution, a new Kholodnaya film was released every third week. At the Fire Side (1917) was her massive commercial success: the movie was run in cinemas until 1924, when the Soviet authorities ordered many of the Kholodnaya features destroyed. At the Fire Side was a drama based on a love triangle. The film's success prompted its director Petr Chardynin to make a sequel, Forget about the Fire, the Flame's Gone Out (1917), which was released during the October revolution. Forget about the Fire, together with another film, Be Silent, My Sorrow, Be Silent (1918) – both with a circus theme –  broke all commercial records for Russian pre-revolutionary cinema.

During the Russian Civil War, the Bolshevik authorities requested film companies to produce less melodrama and more adaptations of classics. Accordingly, Kholodnaya was cast in a screen version of Tolstoy's The Living Corpse. Her acting abilities in this film were applauded by Konstantin Stanislavski, who welcomed Vera to join the troupe of the Moscow Art Theatre.

By this time, the actress had determined to move with her film company to Odessa, where she died at the age of 25 in the 1918 flu pandemic. On learning about her death, Alexander Vertinsky, wrote one of his most poignant songs, "Your fingers smell of church incense, and your lashes sleep in grief..." A director with whom she had worked for several years filmed her large funeral. Ironically, this seems to be her best known film today.

Circumstances of her death
Official Russian records state that Vera Kholodnaya died of the Spanish flu during the pandemic of 1919. While that seems quite likely, there is much speculation around her death. Other stories claim she was poisoned by the French ambassador with whom she reportedly had an affair and who believed that she was a spy for the Bolsheviks.

Legacy
Her life was dramatised in Nikita Mikhalkov's film A Slave of Love (1976). A documentary on her life was filmed in 1992. A year later, her image was depicted on a postage stamp and in 2003 a life-size bronze statue of her was erected in Odessa, created by the artist Alexander P. Tokarev.

Filmography
Only eight of Kholodnaya's films have survived, in part or in whole:

title: Vera Kholodnaya


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title: User talk:Marigold~enwiki


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Roland, Manitoba

Roland is a village of about 300 people in the Pembina Valley Region of Manitoba, Canada, located in the Rural Municipality of Roland, about 16 km north of Winkler. It is named for Roland McDonald, a farmer and lumber merchant, who settled there in 1880 when the post office was opened. Juno nominated international children's musicians, LuLu and the TomCat, make their home in Roland. Roland is the birthplace of the Canadian 4-H Council and the Canadian 4-H Club. Roland is home to the world's largest pumpkin, a fibreglass structure built as a tribute to Edgar VanWyck, a local resident who made the Guinness Book of World Records in 1977 for growing the largest pumpkin.

Culture
One of Roland's main cultural events is the annual Roland Pumpkin Fair, which includes a "pumpkin weigh-off". The fair also includes live entertainment, beer gardens and a harvest supper.

Roland - as the birthplace of 4-H in Canada - is home to the 4-H Museum where the history of the club in Canada, particularly Roland, is showcased.

Roland is also home to the Roland Elementary School.

The area is home to the Roland Golf Course, which is located a few miles out of the village.

Notable residents

 * LuLu and the TomCat - a children's musical group formed in Roland, Manitoba, Canada in 2001 by Lori LuLu and Thomas Neufeld. The group has produced children's albums and made concert appearances.
 * Edgar Van Wyck - made the Guinness Book of World Records in 1977 for growing the largest pumpkin.
 * Garfield McMahon, Olympic sports shooter.

title: Roland, Manitoba


text:
The Best of George Harrison

The Best of George Harrison is a 1976 compilation album by the English musician George Harrison, released following the expiration of his EMI-affiliated Apple Records contract. Uniquely among all of the four Beatles' solo releases, apart from posthumous compilations, it mixes a selection of the artist's songs recorded with the Beatles on one side, and later hits recorded under his own name on the other.

The song selection caused some controversy, since it underplayed Harrison's solo achievements during the 1970–75 period, for much of which he had been viewed as the most successful ex-Beatle, artistically and commercially. Music critics have also noted the compilation's failure to provide a faithful picture of Harrison's contribution to the Beatles' work, due to the omission of any of his Indian music compositions. In a calculated move by EMI and its American subsidiary, Capitol Records, the compilation was issued during the same month as Harrison's debut on his Warner-distributed Dark Horse label, Thirty Three & ⅓.

In the United States, The Best of George Harrison peaked at number 31 on Billboard's albums chart and was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America in February 1977. The album failed to place on Britain's top 60 chart. It is the first of three hits-oriented Harrison compilation albums, and was followed by Best of Dark Horse 1976–1989 and the posthumously released Let It Roll: Songs by George Harrison. The album was issued on CD in 1987 featuring the cover artwork from the original British release, rather than the design created in-house by Capitol and used in the majority of territories internationally in 1976. The compilation has yet to be remastered since this 1987 release.

Background
Ray Coleman of Melody Maker observed in December 1976 that it was "somehow ironic" that EMI, having made "millions of pounds" from the Beatles' recordings, should put out The Best of George Harrison within days of George Harrison's debut release on Warner Bros.-distributed Dark Horse Records. The compilation was instigated by EMI's US counterpart, Capitol Records, a company with which Harrison had grown disaffected since August 1971, due to what author Alan Clayson describes as its "avaricious dithering" over the release of the Concert for Bangladesh album. In a final effort to force Capitol to distribute that live album at cost price, to generate much-needed funds for the refugees from East Pakistan, Harrison had gone public with the issue and embarrassed the label.

On 26 January 1976, all the former Beatles' contracts with EMI/Capitol expired, and only Paul McCartney had chosen to re-sign with Capitol. The two record companies were now free to license releases featuring songs from the band's back catalogue and the individual members' solo work (except for McCartney's), without the need for artist's approval. Following EMI's reissue of the entire Beatles UK singles catalogue in February that year, Capitol's first venture under the new arrangement was to release a double album compilation, Rock 'n' Roll Music, along with accompanying singles. Issued in June 1976, Rock 'n' Roll Music contained 28 previously released tracks from throughout the Beatles' career. John Lennon and Ringo Starr both expressed dissatisfaction with the compilation's running order, the reversion to a pre-1967 royalty rate for the band, and what Starr termed Capitol's "craphouse" packaging. After the record company had promised "the largest selling campaign in the history of the music business", the album was a commercial success.

Late in 1975, EMI/Capitol had issued greatest-hits collections on the Apple Records imprint for Lennon and Starr – Shaved Fish and Blast from Your Past, respectively. Since Lennon and Starr were still nominally Apple artists, they each had input into the content and packaging of their solo compilation, and Lennon, in particular, was active in promoting his album. Shaved Fish and Blast from Your Past sold reasonably well, in America, but their sales failed to match record-company expectations. For Harrison, there had been long delays between releases following the international success of his All Things Must Pass triple album in 1970–71, due first to his commitment to the Bangladesh humanitarian aid project and later to his production work for Dark Horse Records acts Splinter and Ravi Shankar. Harrison issued his final studio album for Apple in the autumn of 1975, Extra Texture (Read All About It). As a result, by the time that Capitol came to prepare a compilation of his solo work the following year, he had effectively surrendered all artistic control over its content.

In the second half of 1976, thanks to the success of both Rock 'n' Roll Music and McCartney's world tour with his band Wings, the public's nostalgia for the Beatles was at a peak. Examples of this heightened interest included the increasingly generous offers from rival promoters Bill Sargent and Sid Bernstein for a one-off Beatles reunion concert;  20th Century Fox's musical documentary All This and World War II, for which, as with the 1974 stage play John, Paul, George, Ringo … and Bert, Harrison would refuse permission for any of his songs to appear;  and Steve Harley & Cockney Rebel having a top-ten hit in the UK with a cover of Harrison's composition "Here Comes the Sun". The planned Harrison greatest-hits compilation then became an experiment by Capitol whereby Beatles tracks were mixed with solo hits on the one album. Harrison immediately disavowed the venture, he being the least attached to the band's legacy of all the former Beatles.

Song selection
To fill one side of the LP, Capitol selected Harrison-written songs that had been released by the Beatles between 1965 and 1970. A risk-free approach prevailed, commentators have noted, both with the unimaginative album title and with the predictable selection of songs. Nowhere was Indian music represented, a musical genre in which Harrison was deeply involved via his long association with Ravi Shankar, and which various authors, and Shankar himself, credit Harrison with introducing to Western popular music. In this way, what McCartney has termed Harrison's "landmark" Indian compositions, "Within You, Without You" and "The Inner Light", were overlooked while "Taxman" received its second album release in six months (having been issued on Rock 'n' Roll Music). "While My Guitar Gently Weeps", "Here Comes the Sun" and "Something" were also among the tracks selected, even though they had all appeared on the 1973 Beatles compilation 1967–1970.

Side two was made up of Harrison's biggest solo hits: "My Sweet Lord" and "What Is Life" from All Things Must Pass (1970), "Give Me Love (Give Me Peace on Earth)" from Living in the Material World (1973), the title track from Dark Horse (1974), and "You" from Extra Texture (1975). The sixth solo song was the non-album single "Bangla Desh", released in 1971.

Aside from the financial benefits of repackaging Beatles-era songs, part of the reason for Capitol reducing Harrison's mostly successful solo years thus far to six album tracks was due to the "lackluster" commercial fate of the Lennon and Starr compilations, author Nicholas Schaffner wrote in 1977. Another factor was Harrison's tendency to limit his single releases to a minimum: he had been reluctant to issue any single from All Things Must Pass originally, and the scheduled second single from Material World, "Don't Let Me Wait Too Long" – a "certain #1", in biographer Simon Leng's opinion – was cancelled altogether. In addition, authors Chip Madinger and Mark Easter write, a potentially offensive reference to the Catholic Church in "Awaiting on You All", from All Things Must Pass, prevented that song from "being the hit single it could have been otherwise". The big-hits requirement was not applied to the Beatles selections, only one of which, "Something", had been issued as the A-side of a single.

In November 1976, while promoting his new album, Thirty Three & ⅓, Harrison claimed that Capitol had ignored his suggested track list and alternative title for the collection. He compared the format unfavourably with the Starr and Lennon compilations, saying that "a lot of good songs" from his solo career could have appeared, rather than "digging into Beatles records".

Among the notable omissions from The Best of George Harrison, in author Robert Rodriguez's opinion, were "Isn't It a Pity" – one half of the double A-side single with "My Sweet Lord", and a number 1 hit in Canada in its own right – and "Ding Dong, Ding Dong", which charted just inside the top 40 in the main markets of America and Britain but was a top ten hit in Europe. In comparison, Shaved Fish had contained "Happy Xmas (War Is Over)", "Mother" and "Woman Is the Nigger of the World", singles which, on the US Billboard Hot 100, respectively: did not chart at all; peaked at number 43; and reached number 57. On Blast from Your Past, the non-album B-side "Early 1970" was included, as were "I'm the Greatest" (an album track never released as a single) and "Beaucoups of Blues", which peaked at number 87 in the United States. On those terms, Harrison had the popular 1971 B-sides "Apple Scruffs" and "Deep Blue"; "Ding Dong", which peaked at number 36 on Billboard; and highly regarded album tracks such as "All Things Must Pass", "Beware of Darkness" and "Living in the Material World". Commentators have remarked also on the brevity of Starr's album, at just 30 minutes in length, whereas Capitol felt the need to achieve a running time of 45 minutes for the Harrison compilation.

Album artwork
The North American and British versions of the album were released with different covers. In the United States and Canada, the front and back cover had small black-and-white pictures of Harrison against an image of the cosmos; Roy Kohara of Capitol was responsible for art design, as he had been for Extra Texture and the Lennon and Starr compilations, while the illustrations were the work of Michael Bryan. Rodriguez describes this choice of sleeve as "bizarre" and notes the use of an outdated, "rather dour-looking" image of Harrison.

The UK edition contained Bob Cato's colour photo of Harrison sitting in front of an antique car, with art direction for the package being credited to Cream designs. The international CD release of the album uses the latter cover. The inner sleeve of the original LP in Britain contained a picture by Michael Putland, showing Harrison on a wintry beach in Cannes, where he was attending the Midem music-industry trade fair in January 1976. A third front-cover option came with MFP's budget reissue during the 1980s, which reproduced Harrison's 1968 White Album portrait.

Release
Capitol Records released The Best of George Harrison on 8 November 1976 in America, with the catalogue number Capitol ST 11578. The UK issue, as PAS 10011 on EMI's Parlophone label, followed on 20 November. Among Beatles-related releases at the time, the compilation's arrival coincided not only with that of Thirty Three & ⅓, but also with McCartney's Wings over America triple live album; in addition, EMI belatedly issued the Beatles' 1967 Capitol release Magical Mystery Tour in December 1976, after that album had long proved a popular import in Britain. Writing in the NME in November, Bob Woffinden commented that sales of Thirty Three & ⅓ were sure to be "adversely affected by the almost simultaneous release – next week in fact – of [The Best of George Harrison]". According to author Peter Doggett, this calculated scheduling by Capitol/EMI meant that Harrison "would remain a staunch opponent" of the record companies in the concurrent litigation between Apple and its former manager, Allen Klein.

In the US, with Harrison actively promoting Thirty Three & ⅓ and enjoying some of his best reviews in years, the compilation reached number 31 on the Billboard Top LPs & Tape chart. It was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) on 15 February 1977, for sales of over 500,000 units. By the end of 1977, it was the only one of the three former Beatles' compilation albums to have received gold certification by the RIAA.

Like Starr's 1975 compilation, The Best of George Harrison failed to place on the UK's Top 60 Albums Chart. EMI, in an attempt to capitalise on recent publicity from the ruling on Bright Tunes' plagiarism suit against Harrison, reissued "My Sweet Lord" (backed with "What Is Life") as a single on 24 December 1976.

CD release and demand following Harrison's death
Together with All Things Must Pass, The Best of George Harrison was among the first of Harrison's albums to be issued on compact disc, in 1987. According to Madinger and Easter, the UK edition of the CD was sonically superior to the US issue, due to the application of No-Noise processing on the remasters for the American market.

Following Harrison's death in November 2001 – and with little of his back catalogue readily available apart from the recently issued All Things Must Pass: 30th Anniversary Edition – the compilation became highly sought-after by fans of the artist. In America, it peaked at number 9 on Billboard's Top Pop Catalog listings, on 29 December 2001, and number 15 on the magazine's Top Internet Albums. It also belatedly placed on the UK Albums Chart, at number 100, in January 2002.

Despite the 2009 compilation Let It Roll: Songs by George Harrison and the 2005 reissue of the Concert for Bangladesh live album, The Best of George Harrison remained the only CD release featuring pop's first-ever charity single, "Bangla Desh", until 2014. In September that year, the song appeared as a bonus track on the Apple Years 1968–75 reissue of Living in the Material World.

Contemporary reviews
On release, Billboard's reviewer welcomed the compilation, writing: "Harrison's remarkable emergence to full artistic recognition after starting off as the most anonymous Beatle is documented right on this album of memorably beautiful hits." In Melody Maker, on the same page as his mixed review of Wings over America (which featured live versions of five of McCartney's Beatles-era songs), Ray Coleman provided another favourable assessment: "[Harrison is] a highly individual artist who always keeps creative musical company; it's a good album, essential for Harrison students who may not have all the records ..."

Writing in Swank magazine, Michael Gross recognised Capitol Records' "slick marketing ploy" but admired the music, the "final treat" being the availability of "Bangla Desh" for the first time on an album. In a review subtitled "All I Want for Christmas is No. 11578" (referring to the Capitol catalogue number), Larry Rohter of The Washington Post described the collection as "an absolute delight".

Although the album was generally well received, its content drew criticism from fans, who felt the overall effect diminished the significance of Harrison's solo career. In the 1977 edition of their book The Beatles: An Illustrated Record, Roy Carr and Tony Tyler summed up the implication: "George's 'Best Of'. Half Beatle, half Harisongs. But will there be a Volume II?" Nicholas Schaffner observed a couple of minor positives on this "half-baked" collection: "The Best of George Harrison does confirm that George's big production numbers from All Things Must Pass more than hold their own alongside the seven featured Beatles tunes ... And the album is undeniably better looking than Rock 'n' Roll Music." Bob Woffinden similarly found that Harrison's solo recordings matched the standard of the Beatles' tracks while noting that "Capitol's half-and-half arrangement ... made it look as though he was the only one of the four [former Beatles] with insufficient clout to warrant a 'Greatest Hits' comprised [sic] entirely of his own work." In his 1981 book Christgau's Record Guide: Rock Albums of the Seventies, Robert Christgau said the first side of "impressive" Beatles songs nonetheless revealed how Harrison's "voice begins to betray its weaknesses after a while", and he deemed the solo side "remarkably shoddy".

Retrospective assessment and legacy
Reviewing the compilation for AllMusic in 2001, Bruce Eder described it as "a good but routine collection", while three years later Mac Randall wrote in The Rolling Stone Album Guide: "The Best of George Harrison takes half its contents from Beatles albums, which is a little insulting." In his April 2004 article on Harrison's solo releases, for Blender magazine, Paul Du Noyer said of the compilation: "Hard to fault so far as it goes and a good place to get the fine 1971 single 'Bangla Desh'."

Although compromises to the hits-only formula had been permitted on the Lennon and Starr albums, AllMusic editor Stephen Thomas Erlewine comments on the controversial choice of tracks: "But all this is down to a matter of timing and circumstance: Harrison needed to have a hits collection out in 1976, he didn't have enough big hits to fill out 13 tracks (even if he certainly had enough great album tracks to do so), and so the Fabs were brought in to fill in the cracks." Erlewine adds that "The result might be a little underwhelming in retrospect, but it's undeniably entertaining."

Writing for Rough Guides in 2006, Chris Ingham said Harrison was "rightly annoyed" with his former record company. Ingham added that, with the "excellent Volume II" (Best of Dark Horse 1976–1989) no longer in print, The Best of George Harrison was therefore the artist's only available compilation album and "hardly a satisfying one-stop sampler". Reviewing Let It Roll for the music website Popdose, in 2009, Jon Cummings wrote that "the compilation gods have never been kind to [Harrison]" and described the 1976 album as "downright insulting". In her role as compiler of Let It Roll, Harrison's widow Olivia said of The Best of George Harrison: "That album always bothered me ... I just thought that is really not fair and I think we have to put something in that place, and that's really what this [2009 compilation] is." In a 2018 review for Uncut, Peter Watts described the 1976 album as "pretty good listening, containing a stack of classic songs and demonstrating a seamless transition from Beatles to solo work (something that works best on the original vinyl) with no diminished quality across the whole". While commenting that it pales against the "stunning posthumous collections" subsequently issued by the Harrison estate, Watts recognises "deliberate sabotage" on EMI/Capitol's part in their timing the release to coincide with that of Thirty Three & ⅓ as well as Wings Over America and the UK release of the Beatles' Magical Mystery Tour LP.

Harrison biographer Elliot Huntley is scathing in his opinion of The Best of George Harrison, writing: "Had EMI [and Capitol] forgotten the great songs on All Things Must Pass?" The inclusion of Beatles material was a "completely unnecessary public humiliation" for Harrison, Huntley continues, giving the impression that Starr and Lennon's solo careers up to the end of 1975 had been more successful than his – "when, in reality, the opposite was the case". In his book Fab Four FAQ 2.0, Robert Rodriguez likewise bemoans what he saw as EMI/Capitol's attempt to humiliate Harrison with a compilation that failed to reflect his standing as the most accomplished ex-Beatle during 1970–73. Rodriguez describes the company's efforts to "effectively sabotag[e]" Harrison's Thirty Three & ⅓ chart run as "a final touch worthy of Allen Klein".

Track listing
All songs written by George Harrison.

Side one

All tracks performed by the Beatles and produced by George Martin, except track 6, which was produced by Phil Spector.

Side two

All tracks performed by George Harrison and produced either by himself or with Phil Spector.

Chart positions

 * Original release

 * Posthumous chart appearances

title: The Best of George Harrison


text:
User talk:Synergy (usurped)

Welcome!

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You seem to have the wrong idea of what we are trying to do here at Wikipedia. We are trying to create an encyclopaedia. Wikipedia is not a free wiki hosting service for anyone to host their pet project on. You are welcome to continue here and to contribute encyclopaedia articles. However, if you want a wiki for your discussion forum, please set up your own. See the Wiki Science wikibook for information on how to set up and run a wiki all of your very own. Uncle G 04:39:22, 2005-08-22 (UTC)

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Hello, welcome to Wikipedia! I noticed that you blanked the TESForums article and was wondering why you did that. Do you want the article to be deleted? Please reply on my talkpage. Thanks in advance, Sietse 11:42, 22 August 2005 (UTC)

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title: User talk:Synergy (usurped)