text:
Talk:Chris Griffin

Chris becoming smarter?
Anyone agree that in series 6 Chris seems to be becoming... less stupid? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.139.73.217 (talk) 12:34, 15 March 2008 (UTC)

He smashed a chair over Brian's head just to go to the vet. I don't think so. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 119.224.25.252 (talk) 12:50, 1 October 2008 (UTC)

Quotes
As much as I love the quotes in the articles, I think they should all be moved to Wikiquote (and a link provided). -DynSkeet (talk) 11:48, August 18, 2005 (UTC)

 * Also, any chance that someone could list which episodes the quotes are from (and, for the more anal of us, whereabouts in the episodes they appear)

Picture
I think that a...less ugly picture should be used with Chris' info. Searching images on Google I found many better ones in minutes. A good one is at

full name
What's with the criss-cross applesauce comment? is reference made to this in one of the dvds? I think it's much more likely that he was named for singer/songwriter Christopher Cross, whose article says as much. -- stubblyh ea d | T/c 16:26, 27 June 2006 (UTC)
 * I agree - sounds like 'clear speculation' rather than an 'obvious pun'...Libatius 20:11, 27 June 2006 (UTC)

 * In the same episode where Lois used Chris's middle name — Brian the Bachelor, I think — it was revealed a minute earlier that Lois had been a groupie (technically a Plastercaster) for MOR pop acts like Hall & Oates and Dan Fogelberg. Naming her kid after Christopher Cross is obviously a riff on that joke. Has any other episode mentioned Chris's middle name? If not, Kris Kross and applesauce can confidently be ruled out — I imagine those are guesses from people too young to remember when Cross was chart-ubiquitous and Grammy-omnipotent for 11 months, and then never heard from again. If I had seen every FG episode and could be certain, I'd make this edit myself; but I haven't, am not, and will leave it for someone more knowledgeble.
 * One more concern: if this is a one-shot joke, it could be contradicted in a later episode. I think especially with Family Guy single references should not be considered definitive. – edgarde 03:16, 27 September 2006 (UTC)

Sexuality
I'm having trouble understanding this part of the tivia article.

'''Chris is the only person in his family (other than Brian) never to have been the subject o a joke which implies he's gay, bisexual or transgendered. Peter was seen to have had a sex change and being willing to partake in gay sex, Lois is arguably bisexual (she implies she was lesbian in the past), Meg has briefly dabbled in lesbianism (and in Stewie Griffin: The Untold Story she has a sex change), and there is an ongoing debate among fans as to Stewie's sexuality, due in part to his apparent feelings for Tom Brady. '''

How does not being part of a sex joke make Chris arguably gay, transgender, or bisexual? Did Seth say this in a DVD commentary?--00:33, 31 July 2006 (UTC) —Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.3.68.48 (talk • contribs)

 * You may be reading it wrong. The grouped phrase should be "joke which implies he's gay, bisexual or transgendered", and the sentence says no such joke has been made. Could be written clearer, but it's not that ambiguous.

surely it's worth mentioning in this connection the episode in which peter discovers that chris is uh, exceptionally well endowed.Toyokuni3 (talk) 06:51, 9 May 2008 (UTC)

although, one thing that should probably be checked is whether or not the "other than Brian" part is true. im pretty sure there has been, such as "Brian: I see London, I see France, I see Stewie's unsightly chapped ass. Stewie: Hey Gaybo, (points to his eyes) I'm up here, up here." 71.145.173.152 (talk) 05:35, 24 August 2008 (UTC)

Herbert
Is any one going to make a seperate Herbert article? he deserves his own

 * As of today, I disagree with you on this. How do you feel about having to defend such an article in a vote for deletion? I wouldn't want to do it. Two things would have to happen before I would vote keep in such a debate:

 * 1) Herbert's last name is given in a canonical source (e.g., an episode)
 * 2) More of his backstory is revealed.

 * So if the deletion vote came up today, I'd have to vote "Neutral." Cromulent Kwyjibo 23:32, 24 August 2006 (UTC)

 * I don't think it's necessary, but just enough has been revealed about Herbert (Family Guy) for a short article that would probably grow. Just take care not to pad it out with speculation. Neutral here as well. – edgarde 03:24, 27 September 2006 (UTC)

Trivia
There should be a trivia section on here for chris —Preceding unsigned comment added by Keepinitril (talk • contribs) 17:17, 16 September 2007 (UTC)

 * There really shouldn't be. Trivia sections are generally a bad idea. In articles for Family Guy characters, such sections attract pointless anecdotes, re-told jokes and other unencyclopedic cruft. Anything worth including should be written into the article text, not tacked onto a bullet list. / edg ☺ ★ 18:13, 16 September 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Chris griffin.jpg
Image:Chris griffin.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot 23:12, 29 October 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Chrisg.jpg
Image:Chrisg.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot 06:55, 5 November 2007 (UTC)

needs a picture
put frikin picture in!--Sonicobbsessed (talk) 02:05, 18 November 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Family-guy-chris-griffin3.jpg
Image:Family-guy-chris-griffin3.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot (talk) 06:01, 29 November 2007 (UTC)

Character history/personality
I've attempted to rewrite this section... can someone take a look?? Thanks, --Solumeiras talk 12:36, 17 January 2008 (UTC)
 * Thanks. I tidied this slightly for redlinks and other minor formatting errors. The big problem with this section is that it attempts to create a biography from plot recapping. This is not appropriate for a fictional character. After 100 episodes, such a biography would be a mile-long list of incredible things that would merit inclusion in a real person's bio, but are actually not notable because this is not a real person.

 * I performed a plot-ectomy on Meg Griffin, if you want to see what that looks like: before/after . That article is still short on real-world info, but the plot recap bio is removed in favor of writing that make a point. A list of character articles considered exemplary can be found in WP:WAF. After looking at those I don't think any Family Guy character articles will be there soon, but Stewie Griffin and perhaps Brian Griffin have potential. / edg ☺ ☭ 14:40, 17 January 2008 (UTC)
 * I performed a plot-ectomy on Meg Griffin, if you want to see what that looks like: before/after . That article is still short on real-world info, but the plot recap bio is removed in favor of writing that make a point. A list of character articles considered exemplary can be found in WP:WAF. After looking at those I don't think any Family Guy character articles will be there soon, but Stewie Griffin and perhaps Brian Griffin have potential. / edg ☺ ☭ 14:40, 17 January 2008 (UTC)

Evil Monkey
I once saw in a past version of the article that it described Chris' relationship with the Evil Monkey. Should we try putting it back up? Of course, there is probably a reason why this information was removed; if that is indeed so, could you tell me why? I know some of you may think this to be a stupid question. Immblueversion (talk) 10:35, 4 February 2008 (UTC)

Can Chris... understand Stewie?
Because in an episode where Stewie asked Chris who Meg was Chris reacted like this. "Chris:Dude, that's Meg you know that. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Time4CrymeTime (talk • contribs) 14:27, 26 October 2008 (UTC)
 * I think the creator's intention is only the dog can understand Stewie, everyone else gets a vague impression. I wouldn't be surprised if this incident was intended as a lucky guess on Chris' part. Lots42 (talk) 10:56, 12 April 2010 (UTC)

How old is Chris?
How old is Chris? If memory serves, I recall that early on he was 13. But in more recent seasons, he acts much older than that. Does he actually age like Meg? Masterhatch (talk) 18:53, 16 November 2008 (UTC)
 * I think the birthday episodes are like the Simpson birthday episodes; they only exist so drama can come from the parents fucking things up. Otherwise, time is meaningless. Lots42 (talk) 10:53, 12 April 2010 (UTC)

Friends
Apparently Chris percieves he has three close friends named Ross, Magnum P.I. and Fonzie. Lots42 (talk) 10:52, 12 April 2010 (UTC)

Reception
I was just wondering, how come there is no reception of Chris Griffin on his page? There are receptions for everyone except Chris and Glenn Quagmire.173.61.168.245 (talk) 01:18, 19 September 2011 (UTC)
 * Not enough sources? Why not be bold and start one yourself?  DP 76764  (Talk) 01:28, 19 September 2011 (UTC)

Chris to die?
This is pure speculation. But it looks like Chris Griffin is the character, that is set to die this season, in Family Guy, and be replaced by a new character. I conclude this from two things. 1.) in The Simpsons Guy episode, set to air in the Fall of 2014 there are storylines for Peter, Meg, Stewie, and Lois. Also in the fall of 2014 there is also an episode in which there is a storyline for Brian.  There are no storylines mentioned for Chris however, this leads me to believe that Chris will be the expected fatality this season on Family Guy.--Subman758 (talk) 15:51, 12 November 2013 (UTC)
 * We don't do speculation or crystal ball gazing here; you'll need a reliable source to support such claims. DP 76764  (Talk) 16:17, 12 November 2013 (UTC)

Chris a sex offender?
In the season 14 episode "An App A Day", Chris takes a photo of his genitals and sexts it to a fellow student. Thanks to the girl's over-protective father getting involved, he then has to go through a community rehab program. By US law Chris will be on the Sex Offender's Register for at least ten years and maybe even the rest of his life and since he is on the register, is classified as a young felon whose record cannot be expunged for at least four years. And yes, considering Chris's naive personality this doesn't sound fair at all. But might this be Wiki-worthy information? Breech Loader (talk) 21:59, 19 June 2018 (UTC)

 * If there is coverage of this, which directly supports what you say, in reliable souces then it could be included (but must not be overdone). If not, then it falls foul of the rule against original research and can't be included at all. --DanielRigal (talk) 22:37, 19 June 2018 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just added archive links to 1 one external link on Chris Griffin. Please take a moment to review my edit. If necessary, add after the link to keep me from modifying it. Alternatively, you can add to keep me off the page altogether. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/20090201074042/http://www.fancast.com:80/blogs/animation-celebration/seth-green-on-voicing-family-guys-chris-screening-robot-chicken-for-george-lucas/ to http://www.fancast.com/blogs/animation-celebration/seth-green-on-voicing-family-guys-chris-screening-robot-chicken-for-george-lucas/

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External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just added archive links to 1 one external link on Chris Griffin. Please take a moment to review my edit. If necessary, add after the link to keep me from modifying it. Alternatively, you can add to keep me off the page altogether. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive http://web.archive.org/web/20120322210350/http://www.fox.com/familyguy/bios/chris-griffin/ to http://www.fox.com/familyguy/bios/chris-griffin/

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title: Talk:Chris Griffin


text:
Spray (sailing vessel)

Spray was the sailboat used by 19th-century Canadian-American seaman and author Joshua Slocum during the first solo circumnavigation of the Earth. Slocum departed Boston Harbor in the 36-foot-9-inch (11.20 m) vessel on April 24, 1895 and returned to Newport, Rhode Island on June 27, 1898, becoming the first person known to have sailed around the world alone.

Slocum and the Spray disappeared and were never found after departing Vineyard Haven, Massachusetts on November 14, 1909 bound for the headwaters of the Orinoco River in Venezuela.

History
In 1892, Captain Ebenezer Pierce offered Slocum a ship that "wants some repairs". Slocum went to Fairhaven, Massachusetts to find that the "ship" was a rotting old oyster sloop named Spray, propped up in a field. Despite the major overhaul of the ship, Slocum kept her name Spray, noting, "Now, it is a law in Lloyd's that the Jane repaired all out of the old until she is entirely new is still the Jane."

Its days as a fishing boat, probably as a Chesapeake Bay oysterman, had come to an end by 1885, and it was a derelict, slowly deteriorating hulk sitting in a makeshift ship's cradle in a seaside meadow on Poverty Point in Fairhaven, Massachusetts when Captain Pierce of that town offered it to Joshua Slocum as a gift. Slocum came to Fairhaven to look at Spray, and he undertook to repair and refit it over the next thirteen months. The materials used for the repairs cost $553.62,.

After setting off around the world in 1895, the boom was shortened after it broke, and in 1896 Slocum reduced the height of the mast by 7 feet and the length of the bowsprit by 5 feet while in Buenos Aires. In Port Angosto, Strait of Magellan, Spray was re-rigged as a yawl by adding a jigger. In 1901 Spray was an attraction at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York.

Seaworthiness
An analysis by Howard I. Chapelle, curator of maritime history at the Smithsonian Institution and a noted expert on small sailing craft, demonstrated that Spray was stable under most circumstances but could capsize under some conditions.

One of the many theories for the boat's disappearance suggested that her internal ballast may have shifted in a severe knock-down and thus unbalanced her. In his book, Captain Joshua Slocum, Victor Slocum the son of the solo seafarer, wrote that "the ballast was concrete cement, stanchioned down securely to ensure it against shifting should the vessel be hove on her beam-ends. There was no outside ballast whatsoever. Spray could have been self-righting if shoved on her beam-ends. A fact that was proven by an experiment on an exact duplicate of the original boat and ballasted just like her. The test boat was hove down with mast flat to the water and when released righted herself."

The time of 2 years and an endless effort made Spray not only a seagoing sailboat but also the first one to cross the high seas of the world including the Atlantic and the Pacific. Joshua not only replaced the old timber with fresh oak but also increased the freeboard (height of shipside above water) which made Spray more stable than any other fishing boats sailing around the time.

When Commodore John Pflieger pointed out in Spray, the journal of The Slocum Society, that a long keel is harder to go about in and that a boat similar to Spray foundered on a lee shore on this account, Peter Tangvald, who circumnavigated in his 32-foot cutter Dorothea I, replied, "How much more should Slocum have done to demonstrate that the boat was seaworthy? I would not hesitate to claim that if one Spray was wrecked on a lee shore it was because her crew needed a few more hours of sailing lessons."

Self-steering ability
Spray was remarkable for its ability to hold its course for hours or days on end. Sailboat designer John G. Hanna said of Spray, "I hold that her peculiar merit as a single-hander was in her remarkable balance of all effective centers of effort and resistance on her midship section line," but cautioned that Spray was "the worst possible boat for anyone lacking the experience and resourcefulness of Slocum."

Cipriano Andrade, Jr., an engineer and yacht designer, said of Spray: "After a thorough analysis of Spray lines, I found her to have a theoretically perfect balance. Her balance is marvelous — almost uncanny. Try as I would — one element after another — they all swung into the same identical line."

Slocum himself praised his sloop as "easily balanced and easily kept in trim."

Replicas
Spray has inspired many boat builders since, including The Spray of Saint-Briac, the boat of the French offshore runner Guy Bernardin.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Spray (sailing vessel)


text:
H and H Engineering Construction, Inc.

H and H Engineering Construction, Inc. is a railroad contractor based out of Stockton, California. H & H is incorporated in the State of California and has been in operation since October 1985.

Because H & H is involved in the construction and maintenance of railroad tracks, they also have had the need to purchase railway equipment and their reporting mark is HHEX.

H & H operates throughout the Western United States (west of the Rocky Mountains). Their work is done with physical labor, hydraulic power tools, and specialized railroad construction equipment such as tie inserters, ballast regulators, Mark III and Mark IV tampers and other heavy machinery.

Notable projects

 * San Diego Sprinter Project (Oceanside, California)
 * Sacramento Southern Railroad extension into Freeport.
 * Phoenix Light Rail Phase I
 * Santa Clara Light Rail – Tasman Corridor

title: H and H Engineering Construction, Inc.


text:
Dave Krusen

David Karl Krusen (born March 10, 1966) is an American musician. Krusen is best known as the first drummer for the American rock band Pearl Jam and for his work on the band's debut album, Ten. Krusen was also a member of the bands Hovercraft and Unified Theory. He was also the drummer for Candlebox from 1997 to 1999 and from 2015 to 2017.

Krusen was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of Pearl Jam on April 7, 2017.

Early life
Krusen was born in Tacoma, Washington and grew up in the town of Gig Harbor along with his two brothers and sister. He was into Elvis Presley and Chuck Berry when he was young, and later got into The Beatles, Led Zeppelin, The Rolling Stones, The Who, The Police, and Neil Young. Krusen began playing locally in the Seattle area in 1979 while he was in high school. His first band, Outrigger, was formed with his friends from high school. Throughout the 1980s, Krusen had several stints playing with Seattle area musical acts, including Boibs, Agent Boy, Gary Williams, Tramps of Panic, Liar's Club, Hard Time, and WarmDrive.

Pearl Jam
Krusen was recruited in 1990 by bassist Jeff Ament and guitarist Stone Gossard to be the drummer for Pearl Jam. Krusen was asked to join Pearl Jam after auditioning with the band. Krusen was the first full-time drummer for Pearl Jam, replacing Matt Cameron. Cameron was unable to fully commit to Pearl Jam due to playing full-time in Soundgarden. Krusen played with Pearl Jam through to the completion of the band's debut album, Ten in 1991. After the recording sessions for Ten were completed, Krusen left Pearl Jam in May 1991 and checked himself into rehabilitation. According to Krusen, he was suffering from personal problems at the time, including alcoholism. Krusen said, "It was a great experience. I felt from the beginning of that band that it was something special," and added, "They had to let me go. I couldn't stop drinking, and it was causing problems. They gave me many chances, but I couldn't get it together." Vocalist Eddie Vedder said, "Krusen was a real hero...He was going through a lot, but he had something really special." Krusen was replaced by Matt Chamberlain.

On May 16, 2022, at the Fresno, CA show of Gigaton Tour, Krusen played with Pearl Jam for the second time since leaving the band (the first being Pearl Jam’s Rock & Roll Hall of Fame induction), after Matt Cameron tested positive for COVID-19.

Hovercraft
In the mid-1990s, Krusen joined Beth Liebling and Ryan Shinn in the band Hovercraft under the stage name "Karl 3‒30". Krusen replaced previous drummer Eddie Vedder. With a more technically proficient drummer, the band was now free to play beyond the lo-fidelity noise experiments of its debut release, and play proper shows with structured improvisation and avant experimentalism. While as a member of Hovercraft, Krusen toured with the band and recorded the album Akathisia (1997).

Diamond Star Halo
In 1994 Krusen co-founded Diamond Star Halo with former Candlebox bass player Aaron Seravo. The two were introduced by a mutual friend and discovered they had exactly the same vision for a band. The band was completed by Singer Bo Bligh and bassist Steve Martin the band released their first record in 1995 tilted In The Rough on Regal Recordings. The album was produced by Cristopher Thorne of Blind Melon and Kevin Martin of Candlebox & was mixed by Kelly Grey. The band enjoyed moderate success but not to the level of their former bands Candlebox and Pearl Jam. After much conflict centering on singer Bo Bligh's drug addictions the band dissolved. There was a later version of the band reformed by Seravo in 2000. Aaron Seravo died of cancer January 9, 2011, surrounded by friends and loved ones, at Stanford University Hospital. Steve Martin died very early in 2011 as well (committing suicide) a few days before Seravo's passing.

Candlebox
Krusen was the second drummer for Candlebox, replacing previous drummer Scott Mercado. Krusen joined in 1997 and recorded the album Happy Pills (1998) while as a member of the band. Krusen left the band in 1999 and was replaced by Shannon Larkin of Ugly Kid Joe. Krusen completed eight tracks on the Candlebox record, Into the Sun, which was released in July 2008 and nine tracks on the latest Candlebox record, Love Stories & Other Musings, which was released in April 2012. As of 2015 he has rejoined the band.

Unified Theory
Krusen played drums with the band Unified Theory on its self-titled album, issued in August 2000. The band was made up of two ex-Blind Melon members (bassist Brad Smith and guitarist Christopher Thorn) and newcomer Chris Shinn on vocals/guitar. Unified Theory began to form in early 1998. After the first plan to carry on Blind Melon with a new singer didn't work out, Smith and Thorn decided to start a new band and came across vocalist Chris Shinn after moving to Los Angeles. Krusen was already friends with Thorn and Smith. While working on tracks for a second album, delays set the band back, and Krusen grew somewhat frustrated and left. This eventually led to Unified Theory's break-up.

The Hung White Ponies
Krusen played drums with The Hung White Ponies which also included Rick Rosas on bass, Ryan Kralik on guitar and vocals and Michael G. Ronstadt on Cello. Formed in 2011 by Ryan Kralik, the band released the album No Agenda in 2011 along with a cover single of CSNY's Neil Young penned classic protest tune Ohio which also featured Iraq War vet Josh Hisle. In 2012 the concept audio/film album CRAZYTOWN A Visual Music Album was released as both an audio album and a feature film. In 2013, after a west-coast tour, the band released the live concert CD/DVD The Hung White Ponies Live at the High Dive which documented one of the tours Seattle, WA concerts. Krusen is credited as co-producer on many of the Hung White Ponies releases.

Other musical projects
After leaving Pearl Jam, Krusen teamed up with former Son of Man vocalist Tal Goettling, bass player Matt McClinton, and guitarist Tim Bethune to form the short-lived but highly acclaimed Purple Decade. The band recorded two demo tapes before imploding under the pressures of the Seattle and Los Angeles music scenes. In 2004, Krusen performed with musician Shawn Snyder as part of his backing band. He was a part of a Seattle, Washington-based band called Novatone which released the album Time Can't Wait in 2005. He was Cheyenne Kimball's drummer from 2005 to 2007 and played on her debut album, The Day Has Come (2006). He is currently working on a blues/noise-groove, avant-garde record and performing live and in the studio with various artists including Martyr Reef, Toy Robot, George Stanford, Lowlight, Jesse Cole, Foster Timms, Matthias Sturm, La La Birdtime, Dave Giles, Shelby, Carolyna Loveless, Chris Robinson, Puppies and Kittens and John Pringle. He is now touring with Ida Maria and recording her third album due out in 2012.

Equipment
Krusen currently plays Paiste cymbals, DW, Gretsch, Yamaha and C&C Drums, Remo drum heads, and Vater drumsticks, preferring the SD9 in wood tip.

Personal life
Krusen resides near Los Angeles with his wife and two children.

title: Dave Krusen


text:
Talk:Jeph Howard

Edit request on 29 May 2012
This person now has an article under the name Jepha Howard. Please have this page redirect to Jepha Howard instead of The Used. Thank you.

Andomedium (talk) 10:40, 29 May 2012 (UTC)

 * I'm not at all convinced that the article meets the appropriate notability guidelines; but creating it at Jepha Howard was to circumvent protection which should not have been applied to this redirect without an appropriate XfD discussion. The article should reside at Jeph Howard if anywhere at all, so I have moved it here and merged the history of the two pages. Happy‑melon 15:42, 30 May 2012 (UTC)

Oh, thank you! :) - Lips Of Deceit (talk) 16:22, 30 May 2012 (UTC)

"Lillian" section
There seems to be an edit war going on regarding the inclusion of this section, between User:75.84.155.33 (who is removing the information) and Users:Lips Of Deceit and Simeondahl. The IP contributor has offered no rationale for their removal; however the statement is only sourced to WikiAnswers and as such is not verifiable (WikiAnswers, being user-generated, is in no way a reliable source for a BLP article). As such, I support the removal of the statement unless a better source can be provided. Yunshui 雲‍水 08:29, 8 June 2012 (UTC)

 * I've heard Jeph talk about it himself, but in an old interview. I kind of did a half-assed job at trying to find him talking about it possibly in a web interview, so I settled on that. Wasn't a good choice on my part. I do know that it is true, and it has basically been a fact released out into the public. I'll try to find a better source. Lips Of Deceit (talk) 19:19, 8 June 2012 (UTC)

title: Talk:Jeph Howard


text:
Councils of Toledo

From the 5th century to the 7th century AD, about thirty synods, variously counted, were held at Toledo (Concilia toletana) in what would come to be part of Spain. The earliest, directed against Priscillianism, assembled in 400. The "third" synod of 589 marked the epoch-making conversion of King Reccared from Arianism to Orthodox Chalcedonian Christianity. The "fourth", in 633, probably under the presidency of the noted Isidore of Seville, regulated many matters of discipline and decreed uniformity of liturgy throughout the kingdom. The Britonia of Galicia accepted the Latin liturgical rite. The "twelfth" council in 681 assured to the archbishop of Toledo the primacy of Hispania (present Iberian Peninsula). As nearly one hundred early canons of Toledo found a place in the Decretum Gratiani, they exerted an important influence on the development of ecclesiastical law.

The later synod of 1565 and 1566 concerned itself with the execution of the decrees of Trent; and the last council of Toledo, that of 1582 and 1583, was so guided in detail by Philip II that the pope ordered the name of the royal commissioner to be expunged from the acts.

The seventh century is sometimes called, by Spanish historians, the Siglo de Concilios, or "Century of Councils".

Councils

 * First Council of Toledo (400)
 * Council of Toledo of 447 (447)
 * Second Council of Toledo (527)
 * Third Council of Toledo (589)
 * Fourth Council of Toledo (633)
 * Fifth Council of Toledo (636)
 * Sixth Council of Toledo (638)
 * Seventh Council of Toledo (644)
 * Eighth Council of Toledo (653)
 * Ninth Council of Toledo (655)
 * Tenth Council of Toledo (656)
 * Eleventh Council of Toledo (675)
 * Twelfth Council of Toledo (681)
 * Thirteenth Council of Toledo (683)
 * Fourteenth Council of Toledo (684)
 * Fifteenth Council of Toledo (688)
 * Sixteenth Council of Toledo (693)
 * Seventeenth Council of Toledo (694)
 * Eighteenth Council of Toledo (ca. 702)

Museum
In Toledo there is a museum which features the councils and other aspects of Visigothic culture, the Museo de los Concilios y de la Cultura Visigoda. It is housed in the church of San Roman.

title: Councils of Toledo


text:
Talk:Kathy Sykes

(Posted on the article by an IP and moved here):

Untitled
Kathy Sykes was interviewed on BBC Radio 4 on 18/08/2005 by Bel Mooney as one of a series on "Devout Sceptics". Very interesting interview showing herself to have a handful of good insights on humanity but confused about God: doesn't believe He exists but can't stop talking about Him. Raised by Methodist parents but no mention of Jesus.

Kathy doesn't believe in God but she questions the presence and power of belief and spirituality.

when did she become a professor? Before or after TV appearances
After. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/science/science-news/3300517/TV-presenter-to-be-youngest-professor.html — Preceding unsigned comment added by Philbarker (talk • contribs) 16:06, 1 October 2015 (UTC)

Picture
I added a picture which I took today at the Cheltenham Science Festival. However as it also shows Mark Lythgoe, I didn't feel that it made sense to feature it prominently. So I have just added it as a thumbnail Bryces (talk) 23:09, 7 June 2009 (UTC)

title: Talk:Kathy Sykes


text:
Roman Catholic Diocese of Winona–Rochester

The Diocese of Winona–Rochester (Dioecesis Vinonaënsis-Roffensis) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory, or diocese, of the Catholic Church in Southern Minnesota in the United States. It is a suffragan diocese in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Saint Paul and Minneapolis.

The mother church of the Diocese of Winona–Rochester is the Cathedral of the Sacred Heart in Winona, with the Co-Cathedral of St. John the Evangelist located in Rochester.

Territory
The Diocese of Winona–Rochester includes the following 20 counties: Blue Earth, Cottonwood, Dodge, Faribault, Fillmore, Freeborn, Houston, Jackson, Martin, Mower, Murray, Nobles, Olmsted, Pipestone, Rock, Steele, Wabasha, Waseca, Watonwan, and Winona.

Within Minnesota, the diocese is bordered to the north by the Archdiocese of Saint Paul and Minneapolis and the Diocese of New Ulm.

1826 to 1889
Southern Minnesota area went through several Catholic jurisdictions before the Vatican erected the Diocese of Winona:

 * Diocese of Saint Louis (1826 to 1837)
 * Diocese of Dubuque (1837 to 1850)
 * Diocese of Saint Paul (1850 to 1875)

The first Mass in the present-day diocese was celebrated in 1840 by Lucien Galtier along the Mississippi River in Wabasha. As large numbers of Catholic Irish, German, Czech and Polish immigrants started settling in the region, the diocese sent more missionary priests to minister to them.

In Mankato, the first parish, Saint Peter and Paul, was organized in 1854. The first parish in Winona, St. Thomas, was established in 1857. In 1863, the first Catholic church in Rochester, St. John the Evangelist, was opened. In 1877, Coadjutor Bishop John Ireland of Saint Paul purchased over 100,000 acre of land in the Winona area. Ireland then recruited poor Catholic Irish and German farmers to buy the land and settle there, giving them favorable repayment terms.

In 1882, the Sisters of Saint Francis built a new hospital in Rochester and asked Doctors William James Mayo and Charles Mayo to be the medical staff. This was the start of the Mayo Clinic.

1889 to 1928
Pope Leo XIII erected the Diocese of Winona on November 26, 1889. He appointed Reverend Joseph Cotter from Saint Paul as the first bishop of Winona. When Cotter became bishop, the new diocese included 45 priests, eight churches, 15 parochial schools, and two hospitals. Approximately 38,000 Catholics resided in the diocese. Cotter died in 1909. By the time of his death, the diocese had a Catholic population of over 49,000 with 91 priests, 116 churches, and 29 parochial schools with 4,700 students.

In 1910, Reverend Patrick Heffron of St. Paul was appointed bishop of Winona by Pope Pius X. He opened Cotter High School in Winona in 1911 and St. Mary's College in Winona in 1912. In 1915, Heffron was shot twice, while celebrating a private Mass, by Reverend Laurence M. Lesches. Lesches had been angry at Heffron for denying him his own parish; Heffron had said he denied the posting due to Lesches' arrogant behavior and emotional instability. Heffron survived the shooting; Lesches was committed to a mental hospital for life. Heffron died in 1927.

1928 to 1987
Pope Pius XI named Auxiliary Bishop Francis Kelly of Winona in 1928 as the next bishop of the diocese. After 21 years as bishop, Kelley retired in 1949. Pope Pius XII then appointed Auxiliary Bishop Edward Fitzgerald of Dubuque to replace him. Fitzgerald became known as "the building bishop" for his oversight of the construction of the Cathedral of the Sacred Heart, a seminary, and several churches in the diocese. He attended all four sessions of the Second Vatican Council between 1962 and 1965, and subsequently implemented the council's reforms in the diocese, including introducing English into the mass.

After Fitzgerald retired in 1969, Pope Paul VI that same year selected Auxiliary Bishop Loras Watters of Dubuque as the next bishop of Winona. He promulgated the document "The Church in the Diocese of Winona," which described the local church and the roles of the clergy, religious, and the laity. He initiated the pastoral council, which provided a pastoral leadership role for the laity. He also established the tribunal, the Finance Office, and reorganized the diocese into deaneries. Watters retired in 1986.

1987 to 2010
To replace Watters, Pope John Paul II in 1987 named Auxiliary Bishop John Vlazny from the Archdiocese of Chicago. During his tenure, Vlazny increased the involvement of the laity, decentralized the diocesan staff, and created the Offices of Youth and Family Life. He also started the tradition of the "Harvest Mass," an annual outdoor liturgy celebrated on a farm. In 1994, Vlazny asked Catholics in the diocese to consider ending gambling as a source of revenue for parishes and schools. Vlazny became archbishop of the Archdiocese of Portland in Oregon in 1997.

The next bishop of Winona was Auxiliary Bishop Bernard Harrington from the Archdiocese of Detroit, appointed by John Paul II in 1997. In 2008, Harrington commented on the plans of Kathy Redig, a chaplain in the diocese, to undergo an unauthorized ordination. Harrington said that Redig would, in effect, be "self-excommunicating" herself from the Catholic Church by this action. That same year, Pope Benedict XVI named Auxiliary Bishop John M. Quinn of the Archdiocese of Detroit as coadjutor bishop in Winona to assist Harrington.

2010 to present
When Harrington retired later in 2008, Quinn automatically succeeded him as bishop. In March 2018, the Vatican renamed the Diocese of Winona as the Diocese of Diocese of Winona–Rochester. In December 2018, the Diocese of Winona–Rochester filed for Chapter 11 Bankruptcy due to the financial burden caused by the 121 sex abuse lawsuits involving the diocese and 14 priests. As part of its bankruptcy filing, the diocese agreed to not file objections to more plaintiffs being added to the lawsuits up to April 8, 2019. Quinn retired in 2022.

As of 2023, the current bishop of Winona–Rochester is Robert Barron, formerly an auxiliary bishop of the Archdiocese of Los Angeles. He was appointed by Pope Francis in 2022. In November 2022, Barron announced that the diocese was moving its headquarters from Winona to Rochester and was building a new pastoral center there.

Sex abuse cases
In 1984, court documents revealed that Reverend Thomas Adamson had been accused of sexual misconduct there ten years earlier. In response, Bishop Watters had sent Adamson to a private psychiatric hospital in Connecticut without contacting the police. When Adamson finished treatment, Archbishop John Roach of Saint Paul-Minneapolis allowed him in 1976 to transfer there. By 1984, the archdiocese was being sued by a local couple who claimed that Adamson had sexually abused their son, Gregory Riedle. Adamson confessed his crimes in 2014, but was never prosecuted due to the statute of limitations.

The diocese in 2013 published a list of 14 priests with credible accusations of sexual abuse of minors. In September 2018, the Minnesota Court of Appeals dismissed an appeal from the diocese to block lawsuits for past cases of sex abuse. In February 2021, the diocese reached a $21.5 million legal settlement with 145 victims of sexual abuse by diocesan clergy as a part of its 2018 bankruptcy filing.

In 2022, police arrested Ubaldo Roque Huerta of Rushmore on charges of criminal sexual conduct. Huerta had been drinking with a friend at Huerta's house when he sexually attacked them. The diocese commented that Huerta had been suspended from ministry since 2019 and that the diocese had petitioned the Vatican to laicize him.

Bishops of Winona

 * 1) Joseph Bernard Cotter (1889–1909)
 * 2) Patrick Richard Heffron (1910–1927)
 * 3) Francis Martin Kelly (1928–1949)
 * 4) Edward Aloysius Fitzgerald (1949–1969)
 * 5) Loras Joseph Watters (1969–1986)
 * 6) John George Vlazny (1987–1997), appointed Archbishop of Portland in Oregon
 * 7) Bernard Joseph Harrington (1998–2009)
 * 8) John M. Quinn (2009–2018), second see added in Rochester, name of diocese changed to Winona–Rochester

Bishops of Winona–Rochester

 * 1)  John M. Quinn (2018–2022)
 * 2) Robert E. Barron (2022–present)

Coadjutor bishops
Leo Binz (1942–1949), did not succeed to see; appointed coadjutor archbishop and Archbishop of Dubuque and later Archbishop of Saint Paul and Minneapolis

Auxiliary bishops
George Henry Speltz (1963–1966), appointed coadjutor bishop and later Bishop of Saint Cloud

Other diocesan priests who became bishops

 * Robert Henry Brom, appointed Bishop of Duluth in 1983 and later Bishop of San Diego
 * Frederick William Freking, appointed Bishop of Salina in 1957 and later Bishop of La Crosse
 * Michael Joseph Hoeppner, appointed Bishop of Crookston in 2007
 * John Hubert Peschges, appointed Bishop of Crookston in 1938

High schools

 * Cotter High School – Winona
 * Lourdes High School – Rochester
 * Loyola Catholic School – Mankato
 * Pacelli High School – Austin

Colleges
St. Mary's University of Minnesota– Winona

Seminaries
Immaculate Heart of Mary Seminary – Winona


text:
AGM-124 Wasp

The AGM-124 Wasp is a missile developed by the United States. The Wasp grew out of the 1975 WAAM (Wide-Area Anti-Armour Munitions) program initiated by the US Air Force in order to develop a series of new air-to-ground anti-armour weapons for close-support aircraft. The three-pronged program led to the CBU-92/B ERAM (Extended Range Anti-Armour Munition), the CBU-90/B ACM (Anti-Armour Cluster Munition), and the Wasp anti-armour missile. The Wasp is regarded as the most advanced of these weapons.

Development began in 1979, with Boeing and Hughes Aircraft as the primary contractors. The specification called for a small missile which could be carried in large numbers by attack aircraft in multiple dispensers - the A-10 was able to carry several 12 round launcher pods. The Boeing design was unsuccessful, and the USAF selected the Hughes Wasp missile.

The AGM-124A was a small weapon with folding wings and fins to reduce storage space within the launcher. It was intended to be launched in large numbers - 10 or more missiles launched nearly simultaneously was envisaged for a typical attack; the name Wasp derived from this "swarm" tactic. The missiles would follow a pre-programmed path to the target area before activating a millimeter wave active radar homing to identify and home on a specific target. This high resolution radar was able to distinguish targets even against enemy jamming and high background clutter from the ground.

Testing of the radar system began in 1981, and the first prototype AGM-124 took place in 1983. Production was planned for 1987, but in October 1983 the program was cancelled. Most of the other components of the WAAM program were also less than successful, with only the BLU-108/B Skeet submunition in use today.

Specifications

 * Length : 1.52 m (5 ft)
 * Wingspan : 51 cm (20 in)
 * Diameter : 20 cm (8 in)
 * Weight : 57 kg (125 lb)
 * Range : 10 km
 * Propulsion : Solid-fueled rocket motor
 * Warhead : Shaped charge

title: AGM-124 Wasp


text:
Invasion of the Falkland Islands

Invasion of the Falkland Islands may refer to:
 * Reassertion of British sovereignty over the Falkland Islands (1833), which is regarded in Argentina as an invasion
 * Aerolíneas Argentinas Flight 648 hijacking, a 1966 attempt by Argentinian nationalists to seize the islands
 * 1982 invasion of the Falkland Islands

title: Invasion of the Falkland Islands


text:
Talk:Internet geolocation

inks shown below
It strikes me the links shown below are much more useful than the (inaccurate) link to DMOZ on the main page (it actually goes to the general IP page, not a geolocation page)... Any chance of adding these in their place.

-Ben

I completely agree - the DMOZ page isn't even a dedicated geolocation page!! - Andy —Preceding unsigned comment added by 139.124.8.210 (talk) 11:25, 19 March 2009 (UTC)

I'd love to know
I'd love to know if anyone has seen any open source software that can do this..

- Dave

GeoIP is an open source geolocation library. It works with a free database that looks up the country of an IP address.

IP2Location has a free version of IP2Location geolocation library and database for IPv6.

ipligence.com Free Geolocation database project to locate IP addresses

Oughtn't these questions be subsumed in a general discussion on privacy on the Internet rather than being commingled with what purports to be a technical discussion? -- ekzept

FYI these are unreferenced links
FYI these are unreferenced links from a previous version of the article: -- Robocoder ( t|c ) 14:30, 8 December 2008 (UTC)
 * W3C Geolocation (DRAFT) example
 * DNSBL geolocation is a method of obtaining a country code for a given IP, via a DNSBL style lookup.
 * TraceMyIP.org is a public geolocation acquisition tool that utilizes the end-user's IP Address as a primary source of analysis.
 * LiveIPMap.com is a free geolocation mapping tool using IPv4 address as reference.
 * http://geoip.wtanaka.com is a free geolocation service which can be queried via HTTP
 * Wandering IPs is simple IP geolocation/network monitoring software for Windows.
 * geoPlugin is a free webmaster tool providing geo-localized information on IPs with no software installation required.

Mac address
yes, for the protocol your statement is right, the mac addess is only needed to the next hop, however, mac address number, hdd unique number, external storage device numbers, motherboard unique numbers are also collected for validation like "genuine" and other reasons, the fact that these numbers can be retreaved by specific software makes them fit for geolocation software. Mion 11:58, 8 December 2006 (UTC)

I agree with your opinnion, the article fails to explain clearly what different geolocation methods are out there and what works best for each one. Edcross 8 December 2006

Feel free to add some -:) Mion 12:33, 8 December 2006 (UTC)

Explanation of approaches
The general explanation of geolocation is very misleading. It lists "one approach" using IP address. Whether people approach things the right way or the wrong way, they are taking "one approach." While a person can certainly approach it that way, it may or may not work. If approaches are listed, the article should discuss their feasibility and reliability. In some cases, that approach might result in accurate information. In other cases, it might give the location of the ISP and might not be close to the user's location. The article implies that it will give the location down to the level of the specific user. I live 78 miles from my ISP, and I'm in Silicon Valley so it's not as if the ISP is in the major city where I might want to eat and shop. I'm not here to debate the merits of any given approach. But the article should discuss objectively what different approaches might yield in terms of accuracy. This can be contrasted with other approaches. For example, WiFi might give a more accurate result, but not all users have it, while all users have IP addresses. Thus IP geolocation is higher on the feasibility scale but lower on the accuracy scale. 50.0.106.155 (talk) 18:11, 24 May 2012 (UTC)

External links modified
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Incorrect information about MaxMind mapping
This statement in the Data Sources section is incorrect: "A farmstead northeast of Potwin, Kansas became the default site of 600 million IP addresses (due to their lack of fine granularity) when the Massachusetts-based digital mapping company MaxMind changed the putative geographic center of the contiguous United States from 39.8333333,-98.585522 to 38.0000,-97.0000." I recommend deleting it or modifying it for accuracy.

The geographic latitude and longitude coordinates MaxMind used for the US were taken from the CIA World Factbook and were not intended to represent the geographic center of the US. See the Geographic Coordinates section of the US page where the CIA gives 38 00 N, 97 00 W as coordinates for the US. As such, MaxMind did not change the putative geographic center of the US as mentioned in the above quote. MaxMind simply used CIA World Factbook data. See https://web.archive.org/web/20130503091315/http://dev.maxmind.com/geoip/legacy/codes/country_latlon where MaxMind published the latitudes and longitudes used for various countries in their GeoIP Legacy products, each taken from the CIA World Factbook. Jasonketola (talk) 18:56, 15 April 2016 (UTC)

 * Hmm. That's not what the source cited in the article claims, which doesn't mention anything about the World Factbook. As much as I would love to take your word that the coordinates chosen were based on the CIA publication, under Wikipedia policy you should support your statement with a reliable source that is also independent of MaxMind (i.e. no press releases, no official company webpages). Thanks, Altamel (talk) 04:52, 19 April 2016 (UTC)

 * You can find the CIA World Factbook coordinates for the US here: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2011.html#us. The article used as a source in the entry states "Technically, the latitudinal and longitudinal coordinates of the center spot are 39°50′N 98°35′W. In digital maps, that number is an ugly one: 39.8333333,-98.585522. So back in 2002, when MaxMind was first choosing the default point on its digital map for the center of the U.S., it decided to clean up the measurements and go with a simpler, nearby latitude and longitude: 38°N 97°W or 38.0000,-97.0000." without citing a source. If it were the case that MaxMind wanted to clean up the data, presumably it would have been much more likely to pick 40.0000,-99.0000 or 39.0000,-98.00000 (using rounding or truncation). The article suggests a very strange choice in cleaning data was made, and again without citing a souce. Does the link to the CIA World Factbook clear up where these rather different lat/lon coordinates came from? Thanks, Jason Jasonketola (talk) 13:30, 14 October 2016 (UTC)

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Data sources
I found quite obvious citing "Merging databases from different suppliers" as a data source. Think it's not proper a source. Removed. Brainfrogk4mon (talk) 07:42, 24 March 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Internet geolocation


text:
Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research

The Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR) is a multidisciplinary research institute located at Jakkur, Bangalore, India. JNCASR was established by the Department of Science and Technology of the Government of India as a centre for advanced scientific research in India, to mark the birth centenary of Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, the first prime minister of independent India. In 2019, JNCASR was ranked #7 among the world's top ten research institutes and universities by Nature journal in a normalised ranking of research institutes and universities with high quality output.

History
The Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR) is an autonomous institution established in 1989 by the Department of Science and Technology, Government of India, to commemorate the birth centenary of Jawaharlal Nehru. Under the visionary leadership of Bharat Ratna Prof. C. N. R. Rao, FRS, as the founding President and with  Indian nuclear physicist Dr. Raja Ramanna as its first Chairman, JNCASR was initially registered as a society. The institution began its journey on the Indian Institute of Science campus in Bengaluru before moving to its own campus at Jakkur, Bengaluru, inaugurated on March 4, 1995, by then Vice President of India, Shri K. R. Narayanan. Originally spread over 15.55 acres, the Jakkur campus now spans 27.35 acres and houses comprehensive infrastructure, including specialized laboratories for Surface Science and Solid State Chemistry, advanced instruments like the Transmission Electron Microscope, and facilities such as an administration block, academic and outreach buildings, a dining hall, a health centre, a daycare, and residential quarters for students and staff. The JNCASR campus and its iconic Buckyball structure were designed by the famous Indian architect Charles Correa. Additionally, JNCASR has expanded to include the 10-acre Chamundi campus in Chokkanahalli, serving as the academic hub, and the Sahyadri campus in Jakkur, which provides accommodations for post-doctoral researchers and visiting students. Furthering its mission to integrate science with societal development, the foundation stone for the Innovation & Development Centre at the Arkavathi Campus in Shivanapura was laid in 2021 by Vice President Shri Venkaiah Naidu.

Academics
Researchers at the centre are divided into seven units: Chemistry and Physics of Materials, Engineering Mechanics, Evolutionary and Organismal Biology, Molecular Biology and Genetics, Neuroscience, New Chemistry, Theoretical Sciences, Education Technology and Geodynamics. There are two off-campus units: Chemical Biology and Condensed Matter Theory in JVH, Indian Institute of Science (IISc). JNCASR has a faculty-to-student ratio of about 1:4 and state-of-the-art experimental, computational and infrastructural facilities. It offers Ph.D. programmes, Integrated Ph.D. (post-bachelor's degree) and M.Sc. programmes in various disciplines. The small size of the institute (currently about 53 faculty members and ~300 students) fosters interdisciplinary collaborations. It is a "deemed university", i.e., it awards its own degrees. Apart from training its own students through a wide spectrum of courses, the centre's Summer Research Fellowship programme (SRFP) hosts some of the brightest undergraduates in the country; the Educational Technology Unit produces teaching aids and educational material, the centre organises and teaches short-term courses at universities across India, and trains promising young chemists and biologists as part of the programmes of Project-Oriented-Chemical-Education (POCE) and Project-Oriented-Biological-Education (POBE).

Elected Honorary Fellows of JNCASR
The following is a list of Honorary Fellows of the Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR).

 * Dr. Ashok Ganguly, CBE (1995), Chairman of Hindustan Lever and member of Rajya Sabha
 * Shri K. R. Narayanan (1995), 10th President of India
 * Dr. Raja Ramanna (1995), Indian physicist and first chairman of JNCASR
 * Shri C. Subramanian (1998), Indian statesman
 * Shri N. R. Narayana Murthy (1999), founder of Infosys
 * Bharat Ratna Prof. C. N. R. Rao (2000), eminent chemist and founder-president of JNCASR
 * Prof. M. M. Sharma (2003), chemical engineer
 * Prof. Arcot Ramachandran (2005), scientist and educator
 * Prof. S. Varadarajan (2006), chemist
 * Prof. M. S. Swaminathan (2009), agricultural scientist
 * Shri Kapil Sibal (2010), Indian politician and lawyer
 * Dr. Manmohan Singh (2010), 13th Prime Minister of India
 * Prof. Anthony K. Cheetham (2012), material scientist
 * H. H. Sheikh Saud Al Qasimi (2013), ruler of Ras Al Khaimah, UAE
 * Dr. Kiran Mazumdar-Shaw (2015), founder of Biocon
 * Prof. Michael L. Klein (2015), chemist

Notable faculty members

 * C. N. R. Rao, FRS, Bharat Ratna, Founder & Honorary President and Professor at New Chemistry Unit
 * The late Roddam Narasimha, Padma Vibhushan, Professor at Engineering Mechanics Unit
 * The late Khadg Singh Valdiya, Padma Bhushan, Professor at Geodynamics Unit
 * The late M. R. S. Rao, Padma Shri, Former President (2003-2013) and DST-Year of Science Professor at Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit
 * V. Nagaraja, Recipient of Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology, Former President, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Bangalore
 * Umesh Waghmare,  Physicist Infosys Prize Laureate,  Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Award
 * Maneesha S. Inamdar, Professor at the Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit and Director at DBT-Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), Bangalore
 * G. U. Kulkarni, received the B. M. Birla Science Prize. President, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Bangalore
 * T Govindaraju, Recipient of Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for chemical sciences and Professor at New Chemistry Unit
 * Rama Govindarajan one of the recipient of Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Award
 * Swapan Kumar Pati, recipient of Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Award
 * Amitabh Joshi, evolutionary biologist, geneticist . Recipient of Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology, 2006
 * Tapas Kumar Kundu, recipient of Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology, Professor at Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, and Former Director, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow
 * Shobhana Narasimhan Physicist, Professor in the Theoretical Sciences Unit, Fellow of the American Physical Society and International Honorary Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.
 * Srikanth Sastry, recipient of Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology, Professor of Theoretical Sciences, Fellow of the American Physical Society.
 * Kaustuv Sanyal, molecular biologist, mycologist and Professor at the Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, and director of Bose Institute, Kolkata
 * Balasubramanian Sundaram recipient the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Award
 * Chandrabhas Narayana, Professor at Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit, and Director, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram
 * Tapas Kumar Maji, recipient the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Award


text:
Thomas Brett (cricketer)

Thomas Brett (1747 – 31 December 1809) was one of cricket's earliest well-known fast bowlers and a leading player for Hampshire when its team was organised by the Hambledon Club in the 1770s. Noted for his pace and his accuracy, Brett was a leading wicket-taker in the 1770s and was lauded by John Nyren in The Cricketers of my Time. Writing half a century later, Nyren described Brett as "beyond all comparison, the fastest as well as straitest bowler that ever was known".

Career
Brett was born at Catherington in Hampshire. An unusual feature of his career at a time when players often swapped sides as given men was that he always played for Hampshire. As he lived at Catherington, he was ineligible to represent Hambledon's Parish XI and so played only for the county team.

Brett featured in the Monster Bat Incident 1771 as the bowler who led the protest and it is almost certain that he wrote out the formal objection to Thomas White's huge bat. This document, which has been preserved, was countersigned by his captain Richard Nyren and Hampshire's senior batsman John Small. The protest resulted in the maximum width of the bat being set at four and one quarter inches in the Laws of Cricket.

Brett is known to have made 38 appearances for Hampshire from 1769 to 1778. He is first recorded in the match against Caterham at Guildford Bason on Monday, 31 July 1769. His known career wicket tally was over 100, but the bowling details in every game are either unknown or incomplete. It is known, for example, that he took 29 wickets (all bowled) in just five matches in the 1777 season but, with catches, the true figure for wickets taken is almost certainly higher.

Brett's last recorded match was for Hampshire against Surrey at Laleham Burway in October 1778 when he was still only 31. It seems he went to live in Portsmouth so a change of occupation may have been the reason for his apparently early retirement. He died at Kingston Cross, Portsmouth.

title: Thomas Brett (cricketer)


text:
Newry Town Hall

Newry Town Hall is a municipal structure in Bank Parade in Newry, Northern Ireland. It was built on a specially-constructed bridge across the Newry River, which forms part of the historic border between County Armagh and County Down. The town hall, which was the headquarters of Newry Urban District Council, is a Grade B1 listed building.

History
Until the late 19th century the town commissioners in Newry held their meetings in offices at Marcus Square. After finding this arrangement inadequate, the commissioners decided to procure a purpose-built town hall: the site they selected was on the historic border between County Armagh and County Down. A design competition was assessed by Thomas Drew and won by William Batt. The new building was designed in the neoclassical style, built in red brick with stone dressings by a local contractor, David Mahood, and was officially opened by the former local member of parliament, the Earl of Kilmorey, in March 1894.

The design required a new three-arched bridge to be constructed to take the weight of the new building. The design of the building involved a symmetrical main frontage with five bays facing onto Bank Parade; the central section of three bays, which slightly projected forward, featured an arched doorway flanked by Doric order columns supporting an entablature inscribed with the words "Town Hall", above which there was an open pediment containing a large cartouche with the town's coat of arms. On the first floor, there was a Venetian window flanked by pilasters and, at roof level, there was a central gable containing a clock topped with a pediment which contained a terracotta panel inscribed with the year "1893" in the tympanum. The outer bays of the central section featured round headed windows flanked by pilasters on the first floor and there was a balustrade with corner urns at roof level. Internally, the principal room was the council chamber.

The area was advanced to the status of urban district with the town hall as its headquarters in 1899. A Russian cannon which had seen action in the Crimean War was moved to its present location outside the town hall in 1938. A war memorial was installed on the site vacated by the Russian cannon, on the north bank of the river, in 1939. The town hall continued to serve as the meeting place of Newry Urban District Council for much of the 20th century but ceased to be the local seat of government when the enlarged Newry and Mourne District Council was established in new offices at Monaghan Row shortly after it was formed in 1973. The British Army defused a 100 lb car bomb outside the town hall in November 1976.

The building continued to be used as an events venue and performers included the rock band U2 in February 1980. A large stone monolith intended to commemorate the achievement of the mountaineer, Terence Bannon, as the second person from Northern Ireland to reach the summit of Mount Everest, was unveiled by the mayor of Newry, Councillor Jack Patterson, outside the town hall on 28 May 2004. A programme of refurbishment works as well as some improvement works to make the venue better equipped for theatre and concert performances was completed in January 2018.

Works of art in the town hall include a bust by the sculptor, John Swynnerton, of the former Lord Chief Justice of England, Lord Russell of Killowen, who was born in Newry.

title: Newry Town Hall


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Suggestion

Suggestion is the psychological process by which a person guides their own or another person's desired thoughts, feelings, and behaviors by presenting stimuli that may elicit them as reflexes instead of relying on conscious effort.

Nineteenth-century writers on psychology such as William James used the words "suggest" and "suggestion" in the context of a particular idea which was said to suggest another when it brought that other idea to mind. Early scientific studies of hypnosis by Clark Leonard Hull and others extended the meaning of these words in a special and technical sense (Hull, 1933).

The original neuropsychological theory of hypnotic suggestion was based upon the ideomotor reflex response that William B. Carpenter declared, in 1852, was the principle through which James Braid's hypnotic phenomena were produced.

Émile Coué
Émile Coué (1857–1926) was a significant pioneer in the development of an understanding of the application of therapeutic suggestion; and, according to Cheek and LeCron, most of our current knowledge of suggestion "stems from Coué" (1968, p. 60). With the intention of "saturating the cognitive microenvironment of the mind", Coué's therapeutic method approach was based on four non-controversial principles:
 * 1) suggestion can produce somatic phenomena;
 * 2) specific suggestions generate specific somatic outcomes;
 * 3) suggestions are just as efficacious in the treatment of physical or organic conditions as they are for functional or emotional conditions; and
 * 4) a successful suggestion-based intervention for a physical condition does not indicate that the original complaint was in any way imaginary.

Charles Baudouin
Charles Baudouin's "laws of suggestion" are:
 * The Law of Concentrated Attention:If spontaneous attention is concentrated on an idea, this tends to become realized.
 * The Law of Auxiliary Emotion, also called the Law of dominant effect: When a suggestion is supported by emotion it will become stronger than every other suggestion, given at the same moment.
 * The Law of Reversed Effort: If conscious will is in conflict with the imagination, the imagination will win.
 * The Law of Subconscious Teleology: When the goal has been traced out the unconscious will find out how to reach it. To be realized an idea must be unconsciously processed and accepted. The mechanism is the same as in motivation.

Trance and suggestion
Modern scientific study of hypnosis, which follows the pattern of Hull's work, separates two essential factors: "trance" and suggestion. The state of mind induced by "trance" is said to come about via the process of a hypnotic induction—essentially instructing and suggesting to the subject that they will enter a hypnotic state. Once a subject enters hypnosis, the hypnotist gives suggestions that can produce sought effects. Commonly used suggestions on measures of "suggestibility" or "susceptibility" (or for those with a different theoretical orientation, "hypnotic talent") include suggestions that one's arm is getting lighter and floating up in the air, or that a fly is buzzing around one's head. The "classic" response to an accepted suggestion that one's arm is beginning to float in the air is that the subject perceives the intended effect as happening involuntarily.

Scientific hypnotism
Consistent with the views of Pierre Janet—who noted (1920, pp.284–285) that the critical feature is not the making of a 'suggestion', but, instead, is the taking of the 'suggestion'—Weitzenhoffer (2000, passim), argued that scientific hypnotism centres on the delivery of "suggestions" to hypnotized subjects; and, according to Yeates (2016b, p.35), these suggestions are delivered with the intention of eliciting:
 * 1) the further stimulation of partially active mental states and/or physiological processes;
 * 2) the awakening of dormant mental states and/or physiological processes;
 * 3) the activation of latent mental states and/or physiological processes;
 * 4) alterations in existing perceptions, thoughts, feelings, and/or behaviours; and/or
 * 5) entirely new perceptions, thoughts, feelings, and/or behaviours.

Temporal dimensions
Furthermore, according to Yeates (2016b, pp.35–36), 'suggestions' have four temporal dimensions:
 * 1) pre-hypnotic suggestions, delivered prior to the formal induction;
 * 2) suggestions for within-hypnotic influence, to elicit specific within-session outcomes;
 * 3) suggestions for post-hypnotic influence, to elicit specific post-session outcomes:
 * 4) immediate influence ("and, on leaving here today, you'll…");
 * 5) shorter-term influence ("and, each time you're…");
 * 6) longer-term influence ("and, as time passes, you'll increasingly…"); or
 * 7) specific-moment influence (Bernheim's suggestions à longue échéance, 'suggestions to be realised after a long interval'), which are (i) intended "to produce a particular effect at a designated later hour", (ii) have "no influence before the appointed hour", (iii) nor "after it had expired" (Barrows, 1896, pp.22–23), or
 * 8) post-hypnotic suggestions, delivered to dehypnotised-but-not-yet-completely-reoriented subjects.

Waking suggestion
Suggestions, however, can also have an effect in the absence of a hypnosis. These so-called "waking suggestions" are given in precisely the same way as "hypnotic suggestions" (i.e., suggestions given within hypnosis) and can produce strong changes in perceptual experience. Experiments on suggestion, in the absence of hypnosis, were conducted by early researchers such as Hull (1933). More recently, researchers such as Nicholas Spanos and Irving Kirsch have conducted experiments investigating such non-hypnotic-suggestibility and found a strong correlation between people's responses to suggestion both in- and outside hypnosis.

Other forms
In addition to the kinds of suggestion typically delivered by researchers interested in hypnosis there are other forms of suggestibility, though not all are considered interrelated. These include: primary and secondary suggestibility (older terms for non-hypnotic and hypnotic suggestibility respectively), hypnotic suggestibility (i.e., the response to suggestion measured within hypnosis), and interrogative suggestibility (yielding to interrogative questions, and shifting responses when interrogative pressure is applied: see Gudjonsson suggestibility scale. Metaphors and imagery can also be used to deliver suggestion.

title: Suggestion


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User talk:Icetea~enwiki

same user
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Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Icetea. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Icetea~enwiki that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name. If you think you might own all of the accounts with this name and this message is in error, please visit Special:MergeAccount to check and attach all of your accounts to prevent them from being renamed.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 00:28, 20 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 13:59, 22 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Icetea~enwiki


text:
User:Icetea~enwiki

same user
 * 1) REDIRECT sherdwen

title: User:Icetea~enwiki


text:
Michael Lee Firkins

Michael Lee Firkins (born May 19, 1967) is an American electric guitar player whose music fuses bluegrass, country, blues, and jazz elements into a distorted rock sound. He is noted amongst guitarists for his prolific use of hybrid picking at high speeds.

Early life
Firkins was born in 1967 in Omaha, Nebraska, to musician parents; his father was a lap steel guitarist and his mother a pianist. He started playing acoustic guitar at the age of eight. Though mostly self-taught, he also took lessons at a local Omaha music store. Learning the songs of the time, Firkins was influenced by the guitar styles of Lynyrd Skynyrd, Led Zeppelin, AC/DC, and Black Sabbath.

Career
By 1979, Firkins had a Gibson SG and a Fender Princeton Reverb. Now wielding an electrified tone, he played in local bands and in church from the age of 12 until 18. In 1985, Firkins started touring the country in cover bands. He eventually went back to Omaha and began teaching guitar.

Firkins recorded a five-song demo of instrumental guitar tunes at Rainbow Recording Studios in Omaha, Nebraska. The demo was sent to Shrapnel Records, resulting in a record contract and subsequent release of his first album.

In 1990, Firkins released his self-titled debut album. This release highlighted Firkins's encyclopedic knowledge of bluegrass and country licks. With the help of an international advertising campaign from Yamaha guitars to promote the company's Pacifica models, Firkins's first release sold more than 100,000 copies. The album also landed him the top spot in the category of "Best New Talent" in a readers' poll in Guitar Player magazine that year. He was also hailed as "One of the Most Influential Players of the Next Ten Years" by Guitar for the Practicing Musician. Firkins's music was also popular in Europe, as Firkins won the Edison Award, which is the equivalent of a Grammy, in the Netherlands.

Firkins went on to release three more records for the Shrapnel label. His sound went on to incorporate more music styles, specifically jazz, as shown in a cover of Duke Ellington's "The Mooche" on Firkins' third album, Chapter Eleven. Cactus Cruz was his last recording for Shrapnel in 1996.

In 1997, Firkins recorded Decomposition for Nuerra Records. The album was composed of covers, with Firkins paying tribute to some of his earlier influences, such as Lynyrd Skynyrd, Johnny Winter, and Jimi Hendrix.

In the early 2000s, he teamed up with fellow guitarist Gabriel Moses for a side project titled Dose Amigos, which has been most frequently compared to Tenacious D. Both guitarists incorporated elements of bluegrass and heavy metal at extremely high speeds, with humorous themes. The project showcased Firkins and Moses's original technique of emulating a slide guitar with the use of the tremolo arm.

Albums

 * 1990: Michael Lee Firkins
 * 1994: Howling Iguanas
 * 1995: Chapter Eleven
 * 1996: Cactus Crüz
 * 1999: Decomposition
 * 2007: Black Light Sonatas
 * 2013: Yep

Instructional

 * 2009: Mastering Lead Guitar, Michael Lee Firkins, Hot Licks Productions, Inc.

Guest appearances

 * 1992: Blues Tracks, Pat Travers, RoadRunner
 * 1994: Cream of the Crop, A Tribute, RoadRunner
 * 1996: Perspective, Jason Becker
 * 1997: Best of the Blues Plus Live, Pat Travers, Blues Bureau Int'l
 * 1997: Guitar Battle, Victor Records
 * 1997: The Jimi Hendrix Music Festival, Provogue
 * 2001: Staring at the Sun, Neil Zaza, Melodik Records
 * 2004: Take You Higher, Clinton Administration, Magna Carta
 * 2008: Collection, Jason Becker, Shrapnel
 * 2009: This is Shredding, Vol. 1, Shrapnel
 * 2013: The Manhattan Blues Project, Steve Hunter, Deacon Records
 * 2018: Triumphant Hearts, Jason Becker, Music Theories / Mascot Label Records

title: Michael Lee Firkins


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User:Suwarrow

User suwarrow hails from Rarotonga in the Cook Islands.

The user maintains a comprehensive [Photo Gallery] with his images from the Cook Islands and neighbouring countries.

title: User:Suwarrow


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Talk:Virginia State Route 620 (Fairfax and Loudoun Counties)

Untitled comments
I do not think Braddock Road in Alexandria is 'related' as the Braddock Road that runs through Fairfax and Loudon Counties. There's a rather significant gap between the western terminus of the Alexandria road (at North Beauregard Street near the Alexandria campus of the Northern Virginia Community College), and the eastern terminus of the Fairfax/Loudon portion (at Columbia Pike, near Lake Barcroft). Also, the Fairfax/Loudon Braddock Road generally runs several miles to the south of Alexandria's Braddock Road (e.g. No part of Alexandria's Braddock Road is south of Rt 236 whereas all but the ultimate eastern terminus of Fairfax/Loudon's remains about two miles south of 236. Looking at where and how the two roads ends, I can't see a possible connection that would have made them continuous... SterlingNorth 12:00, 18 August 2005 (UTC)

Why the edits at 8:53am UTC? Mainly because I live in the area, and I'm not sure that Alexandria's Braddock Road and Fairfax/Loudon County's Braddock Roads share anything more than name. I zoomed in the map from above

 * Braddock Road was originally part of the Braddock expedition; this map shows it reaching Alexandria. The road can be found on old topo maps (though mislabeled on that one, which puts Braddock Road on the Little Falls Turnpike, the one to the west gets it right). It appears that the old road turned northeast at Ravensworth Road to Annandale, then east on Columbia Pike (which was not a turnpike - Old Columbia Pike was), taking a winding path to Alexandria's Braddock Road near Van Dorn Street. --SPUI (talk) 22:45, 26 October 2005 (UTC)

Mention of General Braddock?
Im not positive, but I belive that portions of the road where created during the Revolutionary War by General Braddock who was tearing down trees to make a path for his troops to use. I saw no mention of the General, but could someone let me know if I am correct or not? Thanks

Also, I can not find anything on Price's Common shopping center. But thats definitly interesting, I bought lunch from the McDonalds at that intersection just today.

You are wrong, because in the History section it says "English General Edward Braddock". Philroc (talk) 13:49, 3 January 2014 (UTC)


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Talk:Stenomask

Voice silencers
There are also voice silencers available from Talk Technologies — Preceding unsigned comment added by 66.157.237.120 (talk) 12:02, 2005 August 18 (UTC)

Removed uncited plagiarism
The entire last paragraph appeared to have been taken verbatim from the talk incorporated website without citation, so I removed it. It also seemed somewhat tangential. Feel free to bring it back and paraphrase and cite, I just thought it shouldn't be up at all in its current form. Blurble 21:13, 25 August 2005 (UTC)

Voice recognition vs speech recognition
I changed three occurrences of "voice recognition", an application that distinguishes voices from one another and from "noise", to "speech recognition", which is the action performed by voice-to-text systems, automated attendants and so on. Fenwayguy (talk) 17:01, 21 June 2008 (UTC)

 * llll,,,l,,,, —Preceding unsigned comment added by 210.211.235.168 (talk) 13:20, 21 July 2008 (UTC)

The Darth Vader issue
I noticed that pro-stenomask editors have been very aggressive (or should I say, defensive?) about purging references to the common Darth Vader objection to stenomask technology from Wikipedia articles on depositions, stenomask, and the like. Most American lawyers and court reporters strongly dislike stenomask because it's incredibly weird to have someone sitting there murmuring with this Darth Vader-like mask on their face hooked up to a machine. Anyway, I'm going to have to dig up some references to reliable sources on this issue, then I'll restore those mentions. --Coolcaesar (talk) 17:38, 5 June 2011 (UTC)
 * I have no objections if you put this information in. I think it gives a good visual description of the device. Innab (talk) 16:03, 24 June 2011 (UTC)
 * I'm glad to discover that we have similar views on this issue. I find it really funny how stenomask proponents are in denial about the Darth Vader issue.  --Coolcaesar (talk) 05:15, 25 June 2011 (UTC)
 * I think the manufactures of the equipment have money in stake on it. Innab (talk) 15:19, 27 June 2011 (UTC)

Stenomask developed in the 1940ies - Speech recognition added later
Problem: If you read the article as of [ 2012-02-11], it gives the impression that the stenomask solution of the 1940ies included computerized speech recognition.

Reasoning against that: If you have just some basic knowledge about the history of computing, you know that this cannot be true! Also a quick lookup within the Wikipedia shows so: The English article on speech recognition currently lacks a history section, participation appreciated! The respective German article has a history section on it, which made clear that speech recognition at the necessary level for typical Stenomask applications could not have been possible in the 1940ies.

Current article structure —> Requested additions from knowledgeable persons: The describing part explains the mouthpiece and mentions the use of voice recognition, the history part tells that the Stenomask was invented and developed in the 1940ies.

But the article itself gives no information on…:
 * …when the Stenomask was combined with speech recognition! —> Please add that missing info to the history section!
 * …the recording medium in the 1940ies! From reading the source, it gets implicitly clear, that the Stenomask as of the 1940ies must have been used for audio recording only, and then a typist transcribed it to text. —> Please add information on the recording device, at least the original state, later changes also appreciated! Inside the mask, or wire/less connection to recording device? Recording device stationary or mobile? Etc…

--PutzfetzenORG (talk) 13:41, 11 February 2012 (UTC)

External links modified
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I have just modified 1 one external link on Stenomask. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Corrected formatting/usage for http://www.wicourts.gov/news/thirdbranch/current/stenomask.htm

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title: Talk:Stenomask


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User talk:BlueBoi

Welcome!

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, please be sure to sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~~~) to produce your name and the current date, or three tildes (~~~) for just your name. If you have any questions, you can post to the help desk or ask me on my talk page. Again, welcome! Sam Vimes 12:03, 18 August 2005 (UTC)
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title: User talk:BlueBoi