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Christian Louboutin

Christian Louboutin (born 7 January 1963) is a French fashion designer. His stiletto footwear incorporates shiny, red-lacquered soles that have become his signature. Initially a freelance designer for fashion houses, he started his shoe salon in Paris, with his shoes finding favor with celebrity clientele. He has partnered with other organizations for projects including limited edition pieces, gallery exhibits, and a custom bar. His company has since branched out into men's luxury footwear, handbags, fragrances, and makeup.

Early life
Louboutin was born and raised in Paris. He was the only son of Roger, a cabinet-maker, and Irene, a homemaker from Brittany. He had three sisters. Louboutin said in a 2012 interview that he was "much darker-skinned than everyone else in my family. You know, I felt like I wasn't French. My family was very French and so I decided they had probably adopted me. But instead of feeling it was terrible and that I was an outsider who had to go and find my real family, I invented my own history, full of characters from Egypt, because I was very into the pharaohs." He discovered that he had Egyptian heritage from his biological father, who had been in a secret relationship with his mother Irene, as revealed by one of his sisters in 2014.

Louboutin was expelled from school three times and then he decided to run away from home at the age of 12, at which point his mother allowed him to move out to live at a friend's house. He faced much opposition when he decided to drop out from school. However, he claims that what helped him make up his mind was an interview on TV with Sophia Loren, in which she introduced her sister. She stated that she had to leave school when she was only 12, but got her degree when she was 50. He later remarked, "Everybody applauded! And I thought, Well, at least if I regret it I'm going to be like the sister of Sophia Loren!"

As a preteen he was one of the "Bande Du Palace", a group of hard-partying teens and preteens that included Eva Ionesco, who was a fixture of the Parisian nightclub Le Palace.

Career
Louboutin's passion for designing shoes started at a young age, overshadowing his interest in academics and leading him towards a successful career in fashion. Going through a punk phase, he was in a few films, including the 1979 cult classic Race d'ep and The Homosexual Century, which attracted an English-language audience. His first job was at the Folies Bergère, the cabaret where he assisted the entertainers backstage. He was also a fixture on the city's party scene alongside Mick Jagger and Andy Warhol.

His little formal training included drawing and the decorative arts at the Académie d'Art Roederer. Louboutin says his fascination with shoes began in 1976 when he visited the Musée national des Arts d'Afrique et d'Océanie on the avenue Daumesnil. It was there that he saw a sign from Africa forbidding women wearing sharp stilettos from entering a building for fear of damage to the extensive wood flooring. This image stayed in his mind, and he later used this idea in his designs. "I wanted to defy that", Louboutin said. "I wanted to create something that broke rules and made women feel confident and empowered."

Fascinated by world cultures, he ran away in his teens to Egypt and also spent a year in India. Louboutin returned to Paris in 1981, where he assembled a portfolio of drawings of elaborate high heels. He brought it to the top couture houses. The effort resulted in employment with Charles Jourdan. Subsequently, Louboutin met Roger Vivier, who invented the modern stiletto, or spiked-heel shoe, and the chrome-plated buckle pump. Louboutin became an apprentice in Vivier's atelier, Roger Vivier.

Going on to serve as a freelance designer, Louboutin designed women's shoes for Chanel, Yves Saint Laurent and Maud Frizon. In the late 1980s, he turned away from fashion to become a landscape gardener and to contribute to Vogue but missed working with shoes and set up his company in 1991.

With funds from two backers, he opened a Paris shoe salon in 1991 with Princess Caroline of Monaco as his first customer. She complimented the store one day when a fashion journalist was present, and the journalist's subsequent publication of Princess' comments helped greatly to increase Louboutin's renown. Clients such as Diane von Fürstenberg and Catherine Deneuve followed. Later, those interested in his stiletto heels have included Christina Aguilera, Joan Collins, Jennifer Lopez, Madonna, Tina Turner, Marion Cotillard, Nicki Minaj, Gwyneth Paltrow and Blake Lively. Sarah Jessica Parker wore a pair of shoes by Louboutin for her wedding. Britney Spears wears a pair of high-heeled Louboutins in her music video "If U Seek Amy" that were not available for sale until a month after the video was released.

Louboutin topped the Luxury Institute's annual Luxury Brand Status Index (LBSI) for three years; the brand's offerings were declared the Most Prestigious Women's Shoes in 2007, 2008 and 2009. By 2011, Louboutin became the most searched-for shoe brand online.

The Couture Council of the Museum at the Fashion Institute of Technology will honor Louboutin with its 2019 Couture Council Award for Artistry of Fashion in New York City on 4 September 2019.

In February, 2020 Christian Louboutin had an exhibition in Paris celebrating the 30th-anniversary of Christian Louboutin Ltd.

Personal life
Landscape architect Louis Benech has been Louboutin's partner since 1999. The two divide their time among homes in the 1st arrondissement of Paris, a fisherman's cottage in Lisbon, Portugal, a house in Melides, Portugal, a house in Comporta, Portugal, a palace in Aleppo, a houseboat on the Nile christened Dahabibi-my love boat, and a house in Luxor. The Luxor house is a former craftsman's workshop, made of compressed earthen bricks, to which he has added an additional floor and a rooftop belvedere. Louboutin also shares a 13th-century castle in the Vendée with his business partner Bruno Chamberlain.

Shoes

Louboutin helped bring stilettos back into fashion in the 1990s and 2000s, designing dozens of styles with heel heights of 120 mm (4.72 inches) and higher. The designer's professed goal has been to "make a woman look sexy, beautiful, to make her legs look as long as [he] can". While he does offer some lower-heeled styles, Louboutin is generally associated with dressier evening-wear designs incorporating jewelled straps, bows, feathers, patent leather, red soles and other similar decorative touches. He is most popularly known for the red leather soles on his high-heeled shoes.

Christian Louboutin's red-bottom colour code is Pantone 18-1663 TPX.

His single biggest client is American novelist Danielle Steel, who is reputed to own over 6,000 pairs and is known to have purchased up to 80 pairs at a time when shopping at his stores.

Trademark litigation
The red sole is protected as a trademark in several countries, and litigation has taken place in various disputes in which Louboutin claimed infringement of its rights. Litigation generally also involved discussion of the validity or the scope of protection of the trademark.

Belgium – Louboutin vs. Dr. Adams Footwear
In 2013, Louboutin filed a trademark infringement claim of the Benelux trademark against Dr. Adams. The Court of First Instance of Brussels declared the trademark however invalid. That decision was overturned by the Brussels Court of Appeal, who forbade the sale of shoes with a red sole by Dr. Adams.

France – Louboutin vs. Zara
In France, the trademark of Louboutin was held valid, but not infringed by Zara. The Court of Appeal however considered the French trademark invalid. The latter decision was upheld by the French Supreme Court in 2012.

Netherlands – Louboutin vs. Van Haren
In 2012, in The Netherlands, Louboutin initiated litigation, based also on the Benelux trademark, against shoe retailer Van Haren, seeking to stop it from selling the red-soled shoe "5th Avenue by Halle Berry". The District Court of The Hague proposed in 2015 to ask preliminary questions to the European Court of Justice that it considered necessary in order to determine whether the trademark would be valid. In June 2018, the European Court of Justice ruled that a trademark of a colour to be placed on a sole could be valid. Based on this decision, the Court of The Hague decided the trademark was valid, and Van Haren was infringing.

United States – Christian Louboutin vs. Yves Saint Laurent
In 2011, Christian Louboutin company filed a US trademark infringement claim of its red-soled shoes against designer Yves Saint Laurent. The firm expected that the YSL shoe design would be revoked and sought US$1 million in damages. However, in August 2011, U.S. District Judge Victor Marrero denied the firm's request to stop the sale of women's shoes with red soles by Yves Saint Laurent. The judge questioned the validity of the trademark, writing, "Louboutin's claim would cast a red cloud over the whole industry, cramping what other designers do, while allowing Louboutin to paint with a full palette." In his thirty-two-page decision, Judge Marrero compared fashion designers to painters and noted how creativity for both is dependent upon using color as "an indispensable medium" that "plays a unique role." The Court observed that: "The law should not countenance restraints that would interfere with creativity and stifle competition by one designer, while granting another a monopoly invested with the right to exclude use of an ornamental or functional medium necessary for freest and most productive artistic expression by all engaged in the same enterprise." Jewelry company Tiffany & Co., which has its blue box trademarked, filed an amicus curiae brief supporting the right to trademark a color.

In September 2012, the court finally ruled that Louboutin retains the exclusive right to use the color red on the bottom of its shoes whenever the outer portion of the shoe is any color besides red, while Yves Saint Laurent can continue to sell its shoes with red soles as long as the whole shoe is red. The YSL monochromatic shoe – red upper, red outsole – over which the lawsuit originally had been brought and against which Louboutin had tried and failed to get a preliminary injunction, therefore won't infringe the trimmed-down trademark.

Switzerland – Christian Louboutin vs. Eidgenössisches Institut für Geistiges Eigentum (IGE)
The Swiss Federal Institute of Intellectual Property rejected Louboutin's trademark's extension to Switzerland in 2011, considering the trademark invalid. The Swiss Federal Supreme Court confirmed the invalidity of the trademark in Switzerland in February 2017.

Turnover and prices
In his first year of business, Louboutin sold 200 pairs of shoes. It has since become an internationally recognized brand. The United States accounts for 52 per cent of Louboutin's sales; Europe, the Middle East and Russia, 30 per cent; and Asia 18 per cent. Of the firm's $300 million in annual revenue, 95% comes from shoes, with the remainder derived from purses and handbags. They expect the volume of handbags to eventually represent 20% of their annual sales.

In 2009, wholesale purchases represented 88% of the business. Overseas, the company has partnered with Pedder Group of Hong Kong, China for distribution in their Asian markets and the Chalhoub Group of the United Arab Emirates for their representation in the Middle East.

As of March 2012, the firm employed 420 staff members (referred to as Loubi's Angels) around the world. Most of the footwear is manufactured and produced at his factory in Milan, but he also maintains a small atelier on Rue Jean-Jacques Rousseau, for private customers and one-of-a-kind creations.

Louboutins can sell from $500 and up, with crystal-encrusted pairs costing up to $6,000. The base price for a custom-made pair of Louboutin is $4,000. If the style already exists, it is standard price plus 30%.

Brand extensions
Louboutin has said over the past decade, he has been offered licensing deals on everything from cars and glasses to swimwear and ready-to-wear, but has turned them down as he does not want his name to be one that can be licensed. In 2003, his first extension outside of shoes was the introduction of his handbags and purses line.

In 2011, he launched a collection of men's footwear at a new exclusive store in Paris. Two explanations were given why Louboutin started a men's line. The first was a story of a French woman who asked him to make her a pair of shoes for her very large feet. He custom-created the size 13 1/2 shoes for her, but she didn't end up buying them. Instead, he passed them along to a friend who gave them to her husband. The second story was that the idea of starting a men's line came from musician Mika, who asked Louboutin to design all the shoes for his show for his tour. He also noticed, "There is a group of men that is thinking a little bit more like women. They're super-excited to buy the 'new thing.' I've noticed on blogs, for example, that men are very serious about their shoes now. They treat shoes very much as objects, as collectors' items. Of course, there is still a group that is more conservative in their tastes. They like to pass their shoes down to their son or say they have had a pair for 25 years". A unique feature introduced was the Tattoo Parlor, where customers could have digital photos taken of their tattoos and embroidered onto their shoes or, embroider the signature brogues in addition to selecting designs by Christian Louboutin with prices starting at around $8,000.

In 2012, Louboutin partnered with Batallure Beauty LLC to launch Christian Louboutin Beauté to enter the luxury beauty market. Catherine Roggero is the New York-based general manager for Christian Louboutin, a venture between Christian Louboutin SAS and Batallure Beauty. Roggero "will be responsible for developing Louboutin's beauty business."

On 23 July 2014, Christian Louboutin Beauté launched a range of nail lacquers, exclusively debuting the signature red shade, Rouge Louboutin, at the Saks Fifth Avenue flagship store in New York and its 15 US boutiques. In support of this launch, the high-end department store created Loubiville, a five-window visual merchandising display. The range was more widely distributed on 6 August 2014 to Bergdorf Goodman, Neiman Marcus, Nordstrom, and select Sephora boutiques. The product is a logical brand extension, as an assistant's nail polish was the impetus for the shoes' red soles. Much like the shoes, the polish is receiving attention for its provocative shape, a long spiky cap, designed to resemble a calligrapher's brush or a spire.

In 2015, he expanded his foray into cosmetics with a lipstick collection. The tube was inspired by Babylonian architecture and Middle Eastern antiquities. As of 2017, the brand had 38 shades, divided into three collections.

Louboutin entered the fragrance market in 2016 with the release of three parfums: Bikini Questa Sera, with jasmine and tuberose notes; Tornade Blonde, with rose and cassis notes; and Trouble in Heaven, with patchouli and amber notes. The bottles were designed by Thomas Heatherwick's studio.

Projects
In 2007, he collaborated with the filmmaker David Lynch on Fetish, an exhibition of his shoes in Lynch's photographs as erotic sculptural objects including ballet pumps made vertical by an impossible heel, or shoes with heels projecting inches beyond the sole (Viennese heel). He partnered once again with Lynch and Swizz Beats to compose music when Louboutin directed a show at the Crazy Horse, called Feu, which ran from 5 March to 31 May 2012.

In conjunction with Bergdorf Goodman, he held a competition for design students at the Parsons New School for Design who graduated in 2010 and 2011, encouraging them to create apparel inspired by Louboutin's silhouettes of the past two decades, as well as the brand's new capsule collection.

In 2012, he was commissioned by Disney to create a modern-day Cinderella-inspired pair of slippers limited to just 20 pieces, to complement release of the Cinderella: Diamond Edition Blu-ray Combo Pack in the fall. Louboutin also appears in a Disney-produced 10-minute short called The Magic of the Glass Slipper: A Cinderella Story, a bonus feature on the Cinderella Blu-ray DVD. He also partnered with Mattel that same year to create a limited edition "Louboutin Barbie". The first in the series was a cat burglar themed Barbie, which retailed for $150 and sold out the first day.

Louboutin was also one of the judges at the Martini Royale Casting Party to find the new face of the drinks brand.

In 2013, Louboutin was celebrated at Toronto's Design Exchange with a comprehensive exhibit featuring themes of showgirls, fetish, construction and travel.

In 2020, Louboutin created a digitalized Loubi World platform whereby guests can create an avatar with facial recognition technology and choose a variety of shoes and accessories. Louboutin designed the virtual space so that the avatars can interact with virtual locales and landmarks.

In March 2021, Louboutin sold a 25% stake to Exor for $643 million.

Stores
In the spring of 2012, the company opened its first men's store in New York City, with over 1000 sqft of space and located next to its existing Horatio Street store. From previous experience in his Paris store, Louboutin claimed that women feel uncomfortable when men stare at them while they try on shoes, hence the separate stores.

The first Louboutin Men's Boutique, Christian Louboutin Boutique Homme on Rue Jean-Jacques Rousseau in Paris, opened in the summer of 2012.

Christian Louboutin Miami is located on 40th Street in the Design District of Miami, Florida. Louboutin chose to open a store in Miami because of the mix of businesses, the small urban scale, and his obvious following there. During Miami Basel art fair when the store opened in 2009, he said, "You don't get this with Europeans—but Americans actually come into my office in Paris to meet me, and a lot of those people are from Miami." The boutique stocks Louboutin's most colorful, strappy, precarious styles, on account of the subtropical climate and the fact that, Louboutin says, "people barely walk in the street."

The 2,400-square-foot space was designed by Eric Clough and 212box. Above a steel awning shaped like a Louboutin shoe in profile, with a red underside to boot, pink orchids sprout from the coral-stone facade. Still more orchids project from a wall in the entry gallery. Dutch artist Madeleine Berkhemer recycled pantyhose into a multi-colored sculpture that stretches over the empty concrete floor with some of Louboutin's shoes dangling in the overhead tangle of nylon "like insects trapped in a psychedelic spider's web." This L-shaped space wraps two sides of a rectangular volume clad almost entirely in a one-way mirror: a box that contains the merchandise for sale while allowing people who've just come in the front door to "witness other people falling in love with the shoes," Clough says.

The inside areas in the store are defined by red carpeting. Blue, blown-glass chandeliers hang from the ceilings. Hieroglyphics, symbols and Braille are carved onto wooden Codebox Tiles that line some of the store's interior walls, hiding the words of a poem by contemporary American poet Lyn Hejinian in plain sight, in the etched wooden tiles lining the gallery wall behind the orchids. "This is the way I / Want to go in and / Out of heaven... / Windows full at 5pm / My skull a place / Except that I think of space as the more exciting," the lines read. These coded tiles appear in many Louboutin stores designed by Clough around the world, including São Paulo, Brazil.

Counterfeiting
Louboutin's website sells some of their products online, and contains a statement that it is the only legitimate online source with the word Louboutin in the domain name to do so. Legitimate Louboutin shoes can also be purchased in-store and online from retailers such as Harrods, Harvey Nichols, Selfridges, Joseph, Browns, Matches, Cricket and Cruise and online through Net-a-Porter and DesignerPlug in the UK. Barneys, Saks Fifth Avenue, Neiman Marcus, Bergdorf Goodman, and Nordstrom sell genuine Louboutin in the US. In Canada, Christian Louboutin shoes are available from Holt Renfrew and Davids.

Online, Louboutin shoes are available. In the last few years, the company has served hundreds of DMCA notices on Google to remove many sites selling fake goods from their search results.

The company set up a separate website focused on protecting the brand and detailing more than 3,000 websites that sell fake goods, many of which have been closed down.

Filmography

 * 1985: La Nuit Porte Jarretelles by Virginie Thévenet
 * 1987: Jeux d'Artifices by Virginie Thévenet
 * 1994: La Folie Douce by Frédéric Jardin
 * 2009: La Traversée du Désir by Arielle Dombasle
 * 2018: Alien Crystal Palace by Arielle Dombasle
 * 2023: Drag Race France as Guest judge

In popular culture

 * Breaking Bad antagonist Lydia Rodarte-Quayle frequently wore black Louboutin stilettos. Camera angles often focused on the shoes and trademark soles, particularly during the episode "Buried".
 * Lucifer protagonist Lucifer Morningstar often wore red-soled Louboutin shoes.
 * Sex and the City protagonist Carrie Bradshaw wore many pairs of shoes designed by Louboutin.
 * Jennifer Lopez's single "Louboutins" was inspired by the footwear, and the visual imagery associated with the song—such as the album art—features a woman wearing a pair of Louboutin heels with red bottoms.
 * Rapper Cardi B, whose taste for Louboutin shoes is part of her image, alludes to the red-bottomed shoes in her song "Bodak Yellow".
 * The corrupted brand name "Labuten" appears in the chorus of the song "Экспонат" ("Exhibit") by the Russian ska band Leningrad. A counterfeit pair of shoes can be seen in the music video. After numerous mentions in the media, Louboutin representatives in Russia asked them to stop making inappropriate references to the brand.
 * Blake Lively, known for her impeccable fashion sense, often wears a Christian Louboutin shoes, highlighting her close relationship with the designer, who even named a shoe after her, the "Blake". She owns over 40 pairs of Louboutins. She has been photographed wearing Louboutins at various red carpet events, premieres and fashion galas around the world.
 * Iggy Azalea prominently references Christian Louboutin shoes in her song Work, highlighting their cultural significance and status as symbols of luxury and fashion.
 * Taylor Swift exclusively wore custom designed Louboutin shoes during performances of her international The Eras Tour.

General references

 * Footwear News, 1 June 1992, p. S8; 9 December 2002, p. 50
 * Harper's Bazaar, December 1999, p. 104; April 2001, p. 226
 * Newsweek International, 24 February 2003, p. 48
 * People, 10 February 2003, pp. 87–88
 * Vogue, June 2004, p. 206

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Why did you blank my comment regarding your meatpuppet/sockpuppet status? Blanking your talk page always looks bad. If you admit that you are (at least) a meatpuppet of FWDixon, I strongly suggest you quit editing articles related to the ongoing controversy - or chiming in on it. It is against Wikipedia policy. --PhilipO 16:08, August 24, 2005 (UTC)

Nancy Drew external link discussion
Hi! I got your message on my talk page. I too am concerned that proper Wikiquette be followed in this case. If you think the link should stay, please add your reasons on the Nancy Drew talk page, as I added my reasons there for deleting the link. (I also posted a note at User talk:Fwdixon regarding my concern about the link's pertinence to the article.)

Regarding subsequent deletions of the link, please check the edit history for Nancy Drew. You will see I removed the disputed link one time only, documenting my reason in the edit summary (as well as on the talk page). I have done nothing further to the link since it was added again, removed again, and added again. It is a positive step that there is discussion on the page about keeping the link, but it will be even more positive if reasons for keeping are added by interested users. I've already posted my say. Thanks! -- Sitearm | Talk 00:59, 2005 August 24 (UTC)

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Capitol Limited (B&O train)

The Capitol Limited was an American passenger train run by the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, originally between New York City and Grand Central Station in Chicago, via Washington Union Station in Washington, D.C., Camden Station in Baltimore, and Pittsburgh. For almost 48 years, it was the B&O's flagship passenger train, noted for personalized service and innovation. At the time of its discontinuation on May 1, 1971, when Amtrak took over most rail passenger service in the U.S., the Capitol Limited operated between Washington and Chicago.

History
The Capitol Limited was inaugurated on May 12, 1923, as an all-Pullman sleeping car train running from Pennsylvania Station in New York City to Chicago, via Washington, D.C. Once west of the Pennsy's Newark station in New Jersey, the train used the Lehigh Valley and Reading Railroad as far as Philadelphia, where it reached B&O's own rails to Chicago. It was designed to compete against the luxury trains of the rival Pennsylvania Railroad and New York Central Railroad. Although the B&O's longer route put it at a competitive disadvantage in New York for time-sensitive travelers, the B&O offered such luxuries in the 1920s as onboard secretaries, barbers, manicures, and valets. The Capitol's "Martha Washington"-series dining cars were particularly noted for their Chesapeake Bay cuisine, served in ornate cars with leaded glass windows, glass chandeliers and colonial-style furnishings. The Capitol Limited derived much of its passenger traffic from businessmen and government officials traveling between Washington and the midwest. On September 1, 1926, the Pennsylvania Railroad terminated its contract with the B&O, which had permitted the latter to use the "Pennsy's" Hudson River tunnels and Pennsylvania Station in Manhattan. Thereafter, the Capitol Limited, along with all other B&O passenger trains to New York, operated over the Jersey Central's main line from the connection with the Reading in Bound Brook into its Jersey City terminal, where passengers were then transferred to buses that met the train right on the platform. These buses were ferried across the Hudson River into Manhattan, where they proceeded to various "stations" including the Vanderbilt Hotel, Wanamaker's, Columbus Circle and Rockefeller Center, as well as Brooklyn.

In 1938, the B&O dieselized the train after purchasing two sets of the new EA and EB locomotives from General Motors' Electro-Motive Corporation. The B&O was heavily in debt during the Depression and could not afford to buy new equipment, so it rebuilt its old heavyweight passenger cars into streamlined ones when the diesels were introduced in 1938, making the Capitol Limited the first dieselized streamlined train in the eastern U.S. By September 1940, the through sleeping cars operating to New York were all streamlined. For the aesthetic features of the train, the B&O turned to renowned industrial designer Otto Kuhler, who turned the Cap, as it was affectionately known, into a regal operation complete with a stunning royal blue, silver, and gold pin-striping livery (a paint scheme that would become one of the classics of the streamliner era).

Route and equipment
Following World War II, the B&O and the Santa Fe railway launched through sleeping car service between Washington, D.C., and Los Angeles on the Capitol Limited and the Santa Fe's Chief. In 1954 these continuous trains were offered only eastbound on the Capitol Limited. For the westbound trip, passengers would take the B&O's Shenandoah for a continuous ride from the eastern cities. Additionally, for the Santa Fe segment from Chicago to Los Angeles and the reverse, the train was shifted from the Chief to the SF's Super Chief. In February, 1956, the Capitol Limited departed Jersey City at 12:45 p.m. as train # 5. As an express, all-Pullman sleeping car train, the Capitol Limited made limited stops along its 991 mi route to Chicago. This all-Pullman configuration allowed passengers to avoid the process of transferring between the B&O's Grand Central Station and Dearborn Station, where the Santa Fe's trains departed from.

Eastbound, the train departed Chicago at 4:30 p.m. as train # 6. This scheduled departure was timed so that travelers riding western railroads such as the Santa Fe, Chicago and North Western Railway or the Burlington could readily connect for an eastward journey on B&O's deluxe train. During the height of train travel in the 1920s, the Capitol Limited occasionally ran in multiple sections, although never as frequently or extensively as the competing Pennsylvania Railroad's Broadway Limited and New York Central Railroad's 20th Century Limited.

The B&O was the first railroad to introduce air conditioning on its trains, beginning with the Columbian in 1931, followed by the Capitol Limited on May 22, 1932, well ahead of its competitors. This innovation received favorable comment nationwide by the news media.

The Capitol Limited received streamlined heavyweight sleeping and dining cars in 1938. A typical consist included the following: baggage-dormitory, 8-section 1-drawing room 1-compartment sleeping car, dining car, three to four 8-section 5-double bedroom sleeping cars, 14-section sleeping car, two 12-section 1-drawing room sleeping cars, and a sleeper-buffet-lounge with a drawing room and three compartments. In 1941 these cars were augmented by several lightweight 10-roomette 5-bedroom sleeping cars.

By the early 1950s, the B&O had combined through cars for the Capitol Limited, the Columbian (# 25), and the Ambassador (# 19) into one train between New York and Washington. Beyond Washington, the three trains then operated separately, with several additional Washington-to-Chicago Pullman sleeping cars added to the Capitol Limited, along with a twin-unit dining car, two Strata-Dome dome cars, club car, and a flat-end observation car.

The B&O re-equipped the Capitol Limited with new, streamlined sleeping cars in 1950 and 1954, including the new duplex-roomette type. The Pullmans were named after rivers and lakes along the train's route, such as "Cacapon" and "Wawasee". Dome cars "Moonlight Dome" and "Starlight Dome", having sleeping compartments on their lower levels, were added on January 8, 1951. A twin-unit dining car seating 64 passengers at a time was obtained from the New York Central in 1957.

Discontinuance
The Capitol Limited, in common with most name trains in the U.S. by the mid-1950s, suffered steadily-declining patronage as the traveling public abandoned trains in favor of airplanes and the automobile. The B&O gave up on competing with the Pennsylvania Railroad into New York, discontinuing all passenger service north of Baltimore on April 26, 1958. Also, on January 16 of that year, the B&O and the Santa Fe discontinued the Los Angeles-Washington sleeper. With the April 26 schedule, the Capitol Limited operated between Washington and Chicago as a through train, with a few cars originating in Baltimore until 1966. Other B&O passenger trains were combined with the Capitol Limited: the Ambassador to Detroit and the formerly all-coach Columbian to Chicago. The combined train in the early 1960s had as many as 22 cars pulled by five locomotives.

To stem the loss of passengers and resulting deficits, the B&O in the early 1960s offered reduced mid-week fares, auto shipment for passengers (similar in concept to the Auto Train), and onboard movies, to attract more passengers. The train was marginally-profitable, when mail and express revenue was included.

While the train began 1964 as the Capitol Limited, by the year's end it was changed to the Capitol. The renamed train began stopping in both directions at intermediate stations such as Akron Union Station and Youngstown Station. (The B&O restored the Limited part of the name by 1967, but kept the stops at intermediate stations.)

The loss in 1967 of mail and express contracts, which by then accounted for almost 70 percent of passenger train revenue for the B&O, severely affected the B&O's passenger service. The Post Office Department's cancellation of its mail contract for the Capitol Limited and other trains, on October 28, 1967, was the death knell. Many passenger trains were dropped and the consist of the Capitol Limited was considerably-reduced. B&O discontinued all long-distance train service to Baltimore's Camden Station. Between October 1966 and April 1971, a connecting RDC operated between Baltimore and Washington, D.C., as train # 105. By June, 1969, two E diesel electric engines pulled a train consisting of one baggage car, sleeper (10/6), one diner / lounge, one dome coach, and four coaches. Additionally, by that year, with the cancellation of the Washington-Chicago Express, the ''Capitol Limited became the B&O's only Washington - Chicago train.

With the advent of Amtrak on May 1, 1971, the Capitol Limited was discontinued by the B&O, along with all of its other passenger trains save local commuter services. For the final run of the old Capitol Limited on April 29, 1971, the B&O ran the entire trainset from Baltimore's Camden Station, including the dome car. The B&O printed special commemorative tickets and returned its bottled Deer Park spring water and B&O's signature, "all-you-can-eat" giant salad bowls to the final run's dining car, some of the Capitol Limited's amenities from more prosperous times. A 31-year veteran dining car waiter on the last run of the Capitol Limited recalled to a reporter for The Baltimore Sun that, "all the vegetables we served were freshly cooked on board—no frozen or canned food at all."

At its inception, Amtrak did not continue any of the B&O's former passenger train routes, and the Capitol Limited ended its 48-year run on the B&O. After a lapse of ten years, Amtrak revived Washington–Chicago service, using the same B&O tracks (now CSX Transportation) between Washington and Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, for the Amtrak  Capitol Limited.

title: Capitol Limited (B&O train)


text:
Isotopes of lithium

Naturally occurring lithium (3Li) is composed of two stable isotopes, lithium-6 (6Li) and lithium-7 (7Li), with the latter being far more abundant on Earth. Both of the natural isotopes have an unexpectedly low nuclear binding energy per nucleon ($5,332.331 keV$ for 6Li and $5,606.44 keV$ for 7Li) when compared with the adjacent lighter and heavier elements, helium ($7,073.916 keV$ for helium-4) and beryllium ($6,462.669 keV$ for beryllium-9). The longest-lived radioisotope of lithium is 8Li, which has a half-life of just $838.7 milliseconds$. 9Li has a half-life of $178.2 ms$, and 11Li has a half-life of $8.75 ms$. All of the remaining isotopes of lithium have half-lives that are shorter than 10 nanoseconds. The shortest-lived known isotope of lithium is 4Li, which decays by proton emission with a half-life of about $91 yoctoseconds$ ($9.1 s$), although the half-life of 3Li is yet to be determined, and is likely to be much shorter, like 2He (helium-2, diproton) which undergoes proton emission within $$ s.

Both 7Li and 6Li are two of the primordial nuclides that were produced in the Big Bang, with 7Li to be 10−9 of all primordial nuclides, and 6Li around 10−13. A small percentage of 6Li is also known to be produced by nuclear reactions in certain stars. The isotopes of lithium separate somewhat during a variety of geological processes, including mineral formation (chemical precipitation and ion exchange). Lithium ions replace magnesium or iron in certain octahedral locations in clays, and lithium-6 is sometimes preferred over 7Li. This results in some enrichment of 6Li in geological processes.

In nuclear physics, 6Li is an important isotope, because when it is bombarded with neutrons, tritium is produced.

Both 6Li and 7Li isotopes show nuclear magnetic resonance effect, despite being quadrupolar (with nuclear spins of 1+ and 3/2−). 6Li has sharper lines, but due to its lower abundance requires a more sensitive NMR-spectrometer. 7Li is more abundant, but has broader lines because of its larger nuclear spin. The range of chemical shifts is the same of both nuclei and lies within +10 (for LiNH2 in liquid NH3) and −12 (for Li+ in fulleride).

List of isotopes
[$3.031$] [$4.027$] [$91 ys$] [$5.06 MeV$] [$5.013$]
 * 3Lithium
 * style="text-align:right" | 3
 * style="text-align:right" | 0
 * p ?
 * 2Helium ?
 * 3/2−#
 * 4Lithium
 * style="text-align:right" | 3
 * style="text-align:right" | 1
 * 4Lithium
 * style="text-align:right" | 3
 * style="text-align:right" | 1
 * 4Lithium
 * style="text-align:right" | 3
 * style="text-align:right" | 1
 * p
 * [[Helium|3Helium]]
 * 2−
 * 5Lithium
 * style="text-align:right" | 3
 * style="text-align:right" | 2
 * 5Lithium
 * style="text-align:right" | 3
 * style="text-align:right" | 2
 * p
 * [[Helium|4Helium]]
 * 3/2−
 * 6Lithium
 * style="text-align:right" | 3
 * style="text-align:right" | 3
 * colspan="3" style="text-align:center;"|Stable
 * 1+
 * style="text-align:center" colspan="2"|[$370 ys$, $1.24 MeV$]
 * style="text-indent:1em" | 6Lithium
 * colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | $6.015$
 * IT
 * 6Lithium
 * 0+
 * 7Lithium
 * style="text-align:right" | 3
 * style="text-align:right" | 4
 * colspan="3" style="text-align:center;"|Stable
 * 3/2−
 * colspan="2" style="text-align:center"|[$0.019$, $0.078$]
 * 8Lithium
 * style="text-align:right" | 3
 * style="text-align:right" | 5
 * β−
 * 8Beryllium
 * 2+
 * rowspan="2"|9Lithium
 * rowspan="2" style="text-align:right" | 3
 * rowspan="2" style="text-align:right" | 6
 * rowspan="2"|$3,562.88 keV$
 * rowspan="2"|$56 as$
 * β−n ($7.016$)
 * 8Beryllium
 * rowspan="2"|3/2−
 * rowspan="2"|
 * rowspan="2"|
 * β− ($0.922$)
 * 9Beryllium
 * 10Lithium
 * style="text-align:right" | 3
 * style="text-align:right" | 7
 * rowspan="2"|9Lithium
 * rowspan="2" style="text-align:right" | 3
 * rowspan="2" style="text-align:right" | 6
 * rowspan="2"|$0.981$
 * rowspan="2"|$8.022$
 * β−n ($838.7 ms$)
 * 8Beryllium
 * rowspan="2"|3/2−
 * rowspan="2"|
 * rowspan="2"|
 * β− ($9.027$)
 * 9Beryllium
 * 10Lithium
 * style="text-align:right" | 3
 * style="text-align:right" | 7
 * 10Lithium
 * style="text-align:right" | 3
 * style="text-align:right" | 7
 * n
 * 9Lithium
 * (1−, 2−)
 * style="text-indent:1em" | 10Lithium
 * colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | $178.2 ms$
 * IT
 * 1+
 * style="text-indent:1em" | 10Lithium
 * colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | $50.5 %$
 * IT
 * 1+
 * style="text-indent:1em" | 10Lithium
 * colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | $49.5 %$
 * style="text-indent:1em" | 10Lithium
 * colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | $10.035$
 * style="text-indent:1em" | 10Lithium
 * colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | $2 zs$
 * IT
 * 2+
 * rowspan=7|11Lithium
 * rowspan=7 style="text-align:right" | 3
 * rowspan=7 style="text-align:right" | 8
 * rowspan=7|$0.2 MeV$
 * rowspan=7|$200 keV$
 * β−n ($3.7 zs$)
 * [[Beryllium|10Beryllium]]
 * rowspan=7|3/2−
 * rowspan=7|
 * rowspan=7|
 * β− ($480 keV$)
 * 11Beryllium
 * β−2n ($1.35 zs$)
 * 9Beryllium
 * β−3n ($0.35 MeV$)
 * 8Beryllium
 * β−α ($11.044$)
 * 7Helium
 * β−d ($8.75 ms$)
 * 9Lithium
 * β−t ($86.3 %$)
 * 8Lithium
 * 12Lithium
 * style="text-align:right" | 3
 * style="text-align:right" | 9
 * < 10 ns
 * n ?
 * 11Lithium ?
 * (1−, 2−)
 * 13Lithium
 * style="text-align:right" | 3
 * style="text-align:right" | 10
 * 12Lithium
 * style="text-align:right" | 3
 * style="text-align:right" | 9
 * < 10 ns
 * n ?
 * 11Lithium ?
 * (1−, 2−)
 * 13Lithium
 * style="text-align:right" | 3
 * style="text-align:right" | 10
 * 13Lithium
 * style="text-align:right" | 3
 * style="text-align:right" | 10
 * style="text-align:right" | 3
 * style="text-align:right" | 10
 * 2n
 * 11Lithium
 * 3/2−#

Colex separation
Lithium-6 has a greater affinity than lithium-7 for the element mercury. When an amalgam of lithium and mercury is added to solutions containing lithium hydroxide, the lithium-6 becomes more concentrated in the amalgam and the lithium-7 more in the hydroxide solution.

The colex (column exchange) separation method makes use of this by passing a counter-flow of amalgam and hydroxide through a cascade of stages. The fraction of lithium-6 is preferentially drained by the mercury, but the lithium-7 flows mostly with the hydroxide. At the bottom of the column, the lithium (enriched with lithium-6) is separated from the amalgam, and the mercury is recovered to be reused with fresh raw material. At the top, the lithium hydroxide solution is electrolyzed to liberate the lithium-7 fraction. The enrichment obtained with this method varies with the column length and the flow speed.

Other methods
In the vacuum distillation technique, lithium is heated to a temperature of about $6 %$ in a vacuum. Lithium atoms evaporate from the liquid surface and are collected on a cold surface positioned a few centimetres above the liquid surface. Since lithium-6 atoms have a greater mean free path, they are collected preferentially. The theoretical separation efficiency of this method is about 8.0 percent. A multistage process may be used to obtain higher degrees of separation.

The isotopes of lithium, in principle, can also be separated through electrochemical method and distillation chromatography, which are currently in development.

Lithium-3
Lithium-3, also known as the triproton, would consist of three protons and zero neutrons. It was reported as proton unbound in 1969, but this result was not accepted and its existence is thus unproven. No other resonances attributable to 3Lithium have been reported, and it is expected to decay by prompt proton emission (much like the diproton, 2Helium).

Lithium-4
Lithium-4 contains three protons and one neutron. It is the shortest-lived known isotope of lithium, with a half-life of $4.1 %$ ($1.9 %$) and decays by proton emission to helium-3. Lithium-4 can be formed as an intermediate in some nuclear fusion reactions.

Lithium-6
Lithium-6 is valuable as the source material for the production of tritium (hydrogen-3) and as an absorber of neutrons in nuclear fusion reactions. Between 1.9% and 7.8% of terrestrial lithium in normal materials consists of lithium-6, with the rest being lithium-7. Large amounts of lithium-6 have been separated out for placing into thermonuclear weapons. The separation of lithium-6 has by now ceased in the large thermonuclear powers, but stockpiles of it remain in these countries.

The deuterium–tritium fusion reaction has been investigated as a possible energy source, as it is currently the only fusion reaction with sufficient energy output for feasible implementation. In this scenario, lithium enriched in lithium-6 would be required to generate the necessary quantities of tritium. Mineral and brine lithium resources are a potential limiting factor in this scenario, but seawater can eventually also be used. Pressurized heavy-water reactors such as the CANDU produce small quantities of tritium in their coolant/moderator from neutron absorption and this is sometimes extracted as an alternative to the use of Lithium-6.

Lithium-6 is one of only four stable isotopes with a spin of 1, the others being deuterium, boron-10, and nitrogen-14, and has the smallest nonzero nuclear electric quadrupole moment of any stable nucleus.

Lithium-7
Lithium-7 is by far the most abundant isotope of lithium, making up between 92.2% and 98.1% of all terrestrial lithium. A lithium-7 atom contains three protons, four neutrons, and three electrons. Because of its nuclear properties, lithium-7 is less common than helium, carbon, nitrogen, or oxygen in the Universe, even though the latter three all have heavier nuclei. The Castle Bravo thermonuclear test greatly exceeded its expected yield due to incorrect assumptions about the nuclear properties of lithium-7.

The industrial production of lithium-6 results in a waste product which is enriched in lithium-7 and depleted in lithium-6. This material has been sold commercially, and some of it has been released into the environment. A relative abundance of lithium-7, as high as 35 percent greater than the natural value, has been measured in the ground water in a carbonate aquifer underneath the West Valley Creek in Pennsylvania, which is downstream from a lithium processing plant. The isotopic composition of lithium in normal materials can vary somewhat depending on its origin, which determines its relative atomic mass in the source material. An accurate relative atomic mass for samples of lithium cannot be measured for all sources of lithium.

Lithium-7 is used as a part of the molten lithium fluoride in molten-salt reactors: liquid-fluoride nuclear reactors. The large neutron absorption cross section of lithium-6 (about 940 barns ) as compared with the very small neutron cross section of lithium-7 (about 45 millibarns) makes high separation of lithium-7 from natural lithium a strong requirement for the possible use in lithium fluoride reactors.

Lithium-7 hydroxide is used for alkalizing of the coolant in pressurized water reactors.

Some lithium-7 has been produced, for a few picoseconds, which contains a lambda particle in its nucleus, whereas an atomic nucleus is generally thought to contain only neutrons and protons.

Lithium-8
Lithium-8 has been proposed as a source of 6.4 MeV electron antineutrinos generated by the inverse beta decay to Beryllium-8. The ISODAR particle physics collaboration describes a scheme to generated Lithium-8 for immediate decay by bombarding stable Lithium-7 with 60 MeV protons created by a cyclotron particle accelerator.

Lithium-11
Lithium-11 is a halo nucleus consisting of a lithium-9 core surrounded by two loosely-bound neutrons; both neutrons must be present in order for this system to be bound, which has led to the description as a "Borromean nucleus". While the proton root-mean-square radius of 11Li is $1.7 %$, its neutron radius is much larger at $0.013 %$; for comparison, the corresponding figures for 9Li are $0.009 %$ for the protons and $12.054$ for the neutrons. It decays by beta emission and neutron emission to [[Beryllium|10Beryllium]], [[Beryllium|11Beryllium]], or [[Beryllium|9Beryllium]] (see tables above and below). Having a magic number of 8 neutrons, Lithium-11 sits on the first of five known islands of inversion, which explains its longer half-life compared to adjacent nuclei.

Lithium-12
Lithium-12 has a considerably shorter half-life. It decays by neutron emission into 11Lithium, which decays as mentioned above.

Decay chains
While β− decay into isotopes of beryllium (often combined with single- or multiple-neutron emission) is predominant in heavier isotopes of lithium, 10Lithium and 12Lithium decay via neutron emission into 9Lithium and 11Lithium respectively due to their positions beyond the neutron drip line. Lithium-11 has also been observed to decay via multiple forms of fission. Isotopes lighter than 6Lithium decay exclusively by proton emission, as they are beyond the proton drip line. The decay modes of the two isomers of 10Lithium are unknown.

title: Isotopes of lithium


text:
August 13 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

August 12 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - August 14

All fixed commemorations below are observed on August 26 by Eastern Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For August 13, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on July 31.

Feasts

 * Apodosis of the Transfiguration of Our Lord, God, and Savior Jesus Christ.

Saints

 * Martyr Hippolytus of Rome, and 18 martyrs with him (258), including:  (see also January 30 - Hippolytus of Rome, Bishop of Rome - who may or may not be the same individual)
 * Martyrs Concordia, Irenaeus and Abundius.

 * Martyr Coronatus, by the sword.
 * Saint Eudocia the Empress (460), wife of Theodosius the Younger, in Palestine.
 * Venerable Seridus, Abbot, of Gaza (ca. 543)
 * Venerable Abba Dorotheus of Gaza (560-580)
 * Venerable Dositheos, attendant to Abba Dorotheus of Gaza (6th century)

Pre-Schism Western saints

 * Saint Pontian, Pope of Rome, was exiled by Emperor Maximinus Thrax to Sardinia in c 235, where he died from ill-treatment (235)
 * Saint Cassian of Imola, a martyr who refused to worship idols and suffered a slow death in Imola in Italy (c. 250)
 * Saints Centolla and Helen, two virgin-martyrs near Burgos in Spain (c. 304)
 * Saint Cassian of Todi, Bishop of Todi, martyred under Maximian Herculeus (4th century)
 * Saint Junian of Mairé, founder of the monastery of Mairé in Poitou in France and later a hermit in Chaulnay (587)
 * Saint Radegunde of Poitiers, nun (587)
 * Saint Muredach (Murtagh, Muiredach), first Bishop of Killala and founder of Innismurray (6th century) (see also August 12)
 * Saint Wigbert, Abbot of Hersfeld, and English missionary to Germany, Confessor (c. 747)
 * Saint Herulph, a monk at St Gall in Switzerland, then founded the monastery of Ellwangen (764) near Augsberg in Germany, later became Bishop of Langres in France (785)
 * Saint Ludolf, Abbot of New Corvey (Nova Corbeia) in Westphalia in Germany from 971 to 983 (983)

Post-Schism Orthodox saints

 * Empress Irene (tonsured Xenia), wife of Emperor John II Comnenus (1134)
 * Saint Tikhon of Zadonsk, Bishop of Voronezh, Wonderworker of Zadonsk (1783)

New martyrs and confessors

 * New Hieromartyrs John Shyshev, Ioasph Panov and Constantine Popov, Priests (1918)
 * New Hieromartyr Benjamin of Petrograd, Metropolitan, and those with him (1921)
 * New Hieromartyrs Sergius, Archimandrite, and those with him (1921)
 * New Hieromartyr Seraphim (Zvezdinsky), Bishop of Dmitrov (1937)
 * New Hieromartyrs Nicholas Orlov and Jacob Arkhippov, Priests, and Alexis Vedensky, Deacon, of Yarsoslavl-Rostov (1937)
 * New Martyr Basil Aleksandrin (1942)

Other commemorations

 * Translation of the relics (c. 681) of Venerable Maximus the Confessor (662)
 * Uncovering of the relics (1547) of St. Maximus of Moscow, Fool-for-Christ (1433)
 * Icons of the Most Holy Theotokos:
 * "Of Minsk" (1500)
 * "Of the Passion" (1641)
 * "Of the Seven Arrows" (Vologda) / "The Softener of Evil Hearts" (1830)

 * Repose of Valaam Schema-monk Timothy of Mt. Athos (1848)

title: August 13 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)


text:
Talk:William Peter Blatty

Autobiography
"Blatty's autobiography is titled I'll Tell Them I Remember You" - this is correct only in that it describes - Impressionistically - his life growing up with his mother; it's more a dedication to her than a formal autobiography. It's also out of print.--Apostata 20:16, 23 August 2005 (UTC)

20% of The Exorcist's profits?
"Blatty produced the movie, based on his own script, and reportedly signed a deal reserving him in excess of 20 percent of the film's profits" (John Kenneth Muir's Horror Films of the 1970s (2002), McFarland & Company, Inc., Publishers, Jefferson, North Carolina and London). Would be interesting to include if true.--droptone (talk) 17:00, 17 October 2008 (UTC)

Article seems to be written by Blatty
Most of this article has obviously been written by Blatty himself. This may be in violation of Wikipedia policies: "It is not recommended that you write an article about yourself. If you are notable, someone else will notice you and write the article. In some cases, Wikipedia users write articles about themselves when the more appropriate action would be to create a user page. In these cases, the article is normally moved into the user namespace rather than deleted. If you believe you may be notable enough, make your case on the appropriate talk pages, and seek consensus first, both with the notability and any proposed autobiography." (from http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Conflict_of_interest). The article needs some serious editing. 97.81.102.44 (talk) 03:59, 5 September 2010 (UTC)
 * Serious doubt WPB ever even looks at Wikipedia.104.169.26.177 (talk) 18:30, 14 January 2017 (UTC)

Image choice
The choice of photo is an editor's choice.

The photo that was in the article is a poor quality image from 2007. The subject has provided a more recent, and much better quality photo.

I'm taking the liberty of replacing the old image with the new, better one.

If editors disagree, let's reach a consensus about which image is better.

New image: File:Bill Blatty 2009.jpg Old image: File:William Peter Blatty (4647730344).jpg-- S Philbrick (Talk)  13:06, 21 April 2014 (UTC)

Greek Orthodox Church of Antioch.
Syrians and Lebanese that are Orthodox never call themselves members of the "Greek" Orthodox Church. They are Antiochian Orthodox and often Syrian or Eastern Orthodox. Greek Orthodoxy is one of the 14 autocephalous churches. Lebanese/Syrian Orthodox fall under the Patriarchate of Antioch. This is a mistake made time and time again by people who contribute to wikipedia. F. Murray Abraham is Syrian Orthodox or Antiochian Orthodox. He is not part of the "Syriac" church but the Syrian church. Syriac is something quite different than Syrian

USAF career
The article originally claimed that during his service in the USAF, Blatty "ultimately became head of the Policy Branch of the USAF Psychological Warfare Division." This is sourced to an article in the Latin Post. A check with the Latin Post, however, shows that this claim came from Moviepilot. Moviepilot uses a "fan-focused creator model," meaning people simply submit blog-like posts and the "curators" of the Moviepilot pick the ones they like.

Note that there are no fewer than three obituaries for Blatty cited in the article, from the Guardian, the New York Times, and the Washington Post. NONE of these mention that Blatty held the post of head of the Policy Branch of the USAF Psychological Warfare Division. It is absurd to add this bizarre claim based solely on a post from the utterly unreliable Moviepilot. Note also that the link here is to an alleged component of SHAEF, the headquarters of the Commander of Allied forces in Europe during World War II. This has nothing to do with Blatty. He may be dead, but that doesn't excuse such poor sourcing. Rgr09 (talk) 08:08, 16 May 2020 (UTC)

New York Times obituary vs. Latin Post
The Latin Post was previously used as the source for the well-documented fact that Blatty and Friedkin adapted and filmed Blatty's Exorcist. There is no reason to prefer the Latin Post article for the much better written and documented NYT obit. Parenthetically, the Latin Post reference also gives an unsourced claim that ‘The Exorcist’ "Used Tactics Previously Tested by US Government to Scare Audiences." This cannot go in the article without real sources. Rgr09 (talk) 15:47, 16 May 2020 (UTC)

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the. —Community Tech bot (talk) 06:54, 24 August 2021 (UTC)
 * William-Peter-Blatty-2009.jpg

title: Talk:William Peter Blatty


text:
Talk:Fawn River (Michigan)

External links modified
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title: Talk:Fawn River (Michigan)


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Talk:Flatrock Creek (Auglaize River tributary)

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Talk:Flatrock River

Requested move to Flatrock River
Per searches of GNIS and Google there don't appear to be any other streams by this name. Flatrock Creek was originally written at this location; I moved it (per GNIS and DeLorme) last August without controversy. Malepheasant 04:29, 1 June 2006 (UTC)
 * Done. — Nightst a  llion  (?) 11:23, 6 June 2006 (UTC)
 * Flatrock Creek now redirects here as of today. - Jahnx ( talk ) 09:15, 19 March 2008 (UTC)
 * Flatrock Creek is about a different stream. I changed it back to what it was before you made it a redirect. older ≠ wiser 17:41, 19 March 2008 (UTC)

External links modified
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User talk:86.130.5.115

bd2412 T 16:21, 18 September 2010 (UTC)

title: User talk:86.130.5.115


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Tompkinson Unit of Cultural Incongruity

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was resubmitted. From what I can see there is only one actual "vote", the one of the nominator Tonywalton. Apart from that there is a lot of commentary, some of which seems somewhat pro-keep. Nonetheless, I cannot see enough information here to make a real decision, so I will resubmit. Sjakkalle (Check!)  09:22, 30 August 2005 (UTC)

Tompkinson Unit of Cultural Incongruity
either a hoax or OR. Not verifiable elsewhere Tonywalton | Talk 20:17, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Interesting concept, I suppose, but zero Google hits on various combinations of Tompkinson, incongruity, and so on, and none on the "pop culture theorists" cited (there are Benjamin Grangers, but I doubt whether either the one getting married in 1773 or the diarist of 1887 qualify). Tonywalton [[Image:Pentacle_1.svg|15px]] | Talk 20:26, 23 August 2005 (UTC)

Is it not the "Ben Granger" who writes for Spike Magazine? link title (This unsigned edit by 62.6.139.11)
 * could be - I see the article has now been updated to refer to "Ben", rather than "Benjamin" Granger. Still no apparent sign of the Tompkinson Unit, though. Tonywalton [[Image:Pentacle_1.svg|15px]] | Talk 13:38, 24 August 2005 (UTC)

I read about this before. Believe it had to do with Memes. [[memes:] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meme] There was some more "technical" depth before. (This unsigned edit by 195.92.67.67)

I remember reading about this some years ago in a Manchester-based fanzine. Ben Granger is a rising star in the field of pop culture theorism. Don't know who this Simon Telford fellow is though. (This unsigned edit by StephCarter)

Some guy said it to me at a club night in Manchester a couple of years ago. The DJ was playing a different style of music to what was normally played there(he was playing house music at a breakbeat club night). The guy said something along the lines of "I can't believe what this guy's playing. He's off the f*****g Tomp!" When I asked him to explain what he was talking about he said "You know, off the Tompkinson", and then preceded to tell me that his mate read about this theory of a measurement of culture clash based on a comparison of how much of an outsider the priest from Ballykissangel was. He seemed surprised that I hadn't heard of it since he knew a lot of people who used it for all sorts of situations. (This unsigned edit by 80.176.80.17) 80.176.80.17 15:02, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * What "some guy" in a club said his mate had read somewhere is hardly verifiable, though. Sounds more like an urban legend if anything.
 * And could contributors please sign their edits by putting ~ at the end (which is converted to a username or IP address and the date and time the edit was made). Thanks. Tonywalton [[Image:Pentacle_1.svg|15px]] | Talk 12:38, 25 August 2005 (UTC)

As per one of the earlier posts I recall reading an article on this issue in a magazine while I lived in Manchester. It was a few years ago, so my memory is a little hazy, but I think it the magazine was called 'sub' (or it was at least something extremely similar). I can't confirm that the whole entry is consistent with the original article (for example I don't recall muslim/wider environment refs) but i'm pretty sure it is at least consistent with the general thrust of the article (in terms of the drama/ comedy tradeoff w.r.t. ballykissangel). Rather than delete the whole entry, would it not be preferable, if necessary, to just tidy it up a little? 62.253.64.15 00:13, 27 August 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Johnny Keane

John Joseph Keane (November 3, 1911 – January 6, 1967) was an American professional baseball manager and coach. He managed in Major League Baseball (MLB) for four complete seasons and parts of two others. Keane is perhaps best remembered for his change of teams following the 1964 MLB season—after the St. Louis Cardinals defeated the New York Yankees in the World Series, he unexpectedly resigned as manager of the Cardinals and was subsequently hired to manage the Yankees.

Playing and managing career
Keane never played in the major leagues; beginning in 1930, he was a shortstop in the Cardinals' minor league system but suffered a head injury in 1935 after being hit by a pitch and lay in a coma for weeks. He began his managing career in 1938 in the Cardinals' organization, working his way from Class D (then the lowest rung on the ladder, equivalent to a Rookie-level team today) to Triple-A, where he spent a decade as manager of top St. Louis farm clubs. His career win–loss record as a manager in the minor leagues was over 17 seasons.

Keane finally reached the majors in 1959, when he was named the Cardinals' third-base coach. He replaced Solly Hemus as manager on July 6, 1961. In his $3 1/2$ seasons as Cardinal pilot, he compiled a record of .560 and his crucial, positive role in mentoring young Cardinal players, especially star pitcher Bob Gibson, is chronicled in the David Halberstam book October 1964.

1964: Triumph amid turmoil
In August 1964, with Cardinals seemingly out of the race, team owner August "Gussie" Busch became convinced (possibly by Branch Rickey, whom he had hired as a consultant) that only a thorough housecleaning of Cardinal management would bring him the pennant he had craved since he bought the team in 1953. On August 17, he fired (or accepted the resignations of) almost every senior St. Louis front office executive. Keane was temporarily spared, but Busch was secretly negotiating with Leo Durocher (then a coach for the Los Angeles Dodgers) to become manager at the close of the 1964 season.

However, in the last two weeks of the season, the front-running Philadelphia Phillies — who had seemed a lock for the pennant — unexpectedly began to unravel while both the Cardinals and Cincinnati Reds got hot. The Phillies lost ten straight games, creating a four-team scramble for the National League pennant, involving the Phils, Cards, Reds and San Francisco Giants. Philadelphia came to St. Louis after losing seven straight at home and were swept by the Cardinals, who notched their eighth straight win and moved into first place at 92–67, with a three-game series at home with the lowly New York Mets (51–108) remaining. The Cardinals lost the first two, which dropped them into a tie with Cincinnati, one ahead of Philadelphia. On the final day of the regular season on Sunday, October 4, the Phillies blanked the Reds 10–0 and the Cardinals took the Mets 11–5 to avoid a three-way playoff and clinched their first NL pennant since 1946; they then defeated the New York Yankees in a seven-game World Series.

After winning the World Series on October 15, the Cardinals held a press conference the next day. Most expected that the team would formally announce a contract extension for Keane. Instead, Keane handed owner Busch and new general manager Bob Howsam (Bing Devine had been fired as GM on August 17) a surprise letter of resignation that he had written late in September, at the height of the pennant chase. The Cardinals then bypassed Durocher entirely and instead hired longtime fan favorite Red Schoendienst, a Hall of Fame second baseman and one of Keane's coaches, as the club's new manager.

Manager of 1965 Yankees
Shortly after his resignation, Keane became the surprise new manager of the Yankees on October 20, who reassigned first-year manager Yogi Berra on October 16, the day after the World Series. It was later revealed that the Yankees had made an informal inquiry about Keane's interest in the job during the 1964 season.

The Keane-Yankees pairing was not a good match; while the Yankees were coming off five straight American League pennants and 15 league championships in 18 years, the 1965 team was on a downhill slide. The circumstances of Keane's hiring caused a significant credibility gap with the players, and his aloof, distant manner did little to help. His style was better suited to young players, rather than a veteran-laden roster like the Yankees. His first team finished in sixth place at .470, their first losing season in forty years, and 25 games behind the Minnesota Twins.

When the 1966 version won only four of their first 20 games, Keane became the first Yankee manager to be fired in midseason since 1910. Prior to their game at California on Saturday, May 7, he was replaced by Ralph Houk, the team's general manager,  who had managed the team from 1961 to 1963. The Yankees did not respond to Houk either and finished .440 in tenth (last) place, the first time in the cellar since 1912. Keane's .440 record with New York gave him a career managerial mark of .530 over six seasons.

Post-managerial career
Keane is described in Jim Bouton's Ball Four as being prone to panic, and someone who was "willing to sacrifice a season to win a game" by putting injured stars into the lineup before their injuries had fully healed. Bouton tells a humorous anecdote of Keane pressuring Mickey Mantle to play on a bad leg. But in Keane's defense, Bouton also noted that general manager Houk and the team unfairly used Keane as the excuse for their losing records in 1965 and 1966, which were actually the result of an aging team with a depleted farm system.

Death
In December 1966, Keane accepted a scouting post with the California Angels. He suffered a fatal heart attack one month later at age 55 at his home in Houston, Texas. Keane had lived in Houston since his days as player and (later) manager for the Cardinals' longtime Texas League farm team, the Houston Buffaloes.

In Bouton's book, I Managed Good, But Boy Did They Play Bad, a collection of essays and stories about past Major League managers, he wrote that Keane seemed to be in awe of the Yankees, and that he underestimated the problems the team faced. Bouton felt that the immense pressure and stress of managing the Yankees through their inevitable collapse likely led to his death.

title: Johnny Keane


text:
Paleornithology

Paleornithology, also known as avian paleontology, is the scientific study of bird evolution and fossil birds. It is a hybrid of ornithology and paleontology. Paleornithology began with the discovery of Archaeopteryx. The reptilian relationship of birds and their ancestors, the theropod dinosaurs, are important aspects of paleornithological research. Other areas of interest to paleornithologists are the early sea-birds Ichthyornis, Hesperornis, and others. Notable paleornithologists are Storrs L. Olson, Alexander Wetmore, Alan Feduccia, Cécile Mourer-Chauviré, Philip Ashmole, Pierce Brodkorb, Trevor H. Worthy, Zhou Zhonghe, Yevgeny Kurochkin, Bradley C. Livezey, Gareth J. Dyke, Luis M. Chiappe, Gerald Mayr and David Steadman.

title: Paleornithology


text:
Ferrania

FILM Ferrania s.r.l. is a photographic film manufacturing company located in Ferrania (Liguria), Italy. Ferrania was founded in 1923 as a maker of photographic film, papers, and photographic equipment, including cameras. The company was purchased in 1964 by the 3M company to become Ferrania 3M, until it was spun off in 1996 to 3M's Imation division. In 1999, Ferrania was acquired by Schroder Ventures and then spun off as a separate company. Subsequently, it was acquired by a Genoese shipping company, Gruppo Messina (Ignazio Messina & Co. S.p.A.) who ceased photographic activities in 2009.

The company was re-founded in 2013 as FILM Ferrania to build a new film manufacturing base using a small portion of the historic campus.

Original Ferrania
The roots to the Ferrania company lie with the 1882-founded explosives manufacturer SIPE (Società Italiana Prodotti Esplodenti, "Italian Society of Explosive Products"). World War I saw a wide extension of business for SIPE, including the establishment of a new plant situated in the Ferrania hamlet of Cairo Montenotte. With the production and chemical properties of explosives and early film being very similar, towards the end of the war in 1917 SIPE founded a subsidiary called FILM (Fabbrica Italiana Lamine Milano, "Italian Lamination Factory, Milan") co-owned by the French Pathé Brothers, which effectively became the film company Ferrania, founded in 1923.

In 1932, Ferrania acquired the Milanese photographic plate manufacturer Cappelli, to temporarily become Cappelli-Ferrania, and soon after also Tensi, the city's other large photographic plate manufacturer, before renaming itself back to just Ferrania in 1938. Ferrania's widest expansion and peak in popularity came in the post-World War II era after 1945, producing films such as Ferraniacolor or the black-and-white Pancro 30 (P30) used by famous Italian directors such as Pier Paolo Pasolini, Vittorio De Sica or Federico Fellini for many of their films. In the later years following the 1964 acquisition by 3M and as part of Imation, the company manufactured and sold photographic film under the Solaris, Dynachrome, and Scotch Chrome brands, as well as hundreds of private label products. Up until 2007, Ferrania remained the only manufacturer of 126 “Instamatic” films after Kodak discontinued them in 1999.

In July 2008, the company's President announced to its unions that manufacture of color film products would cease in December 2008, although as late as March 2009, Ferrania customer service stated that they were still producing 135 format color film in 200 and 400 ASA. However, all manufacture of photographic film had ceased by the end of that year, and the last building was locked down in 2010. In October 2012, Ferrania laid off 198 out of 230 employees formerly working in the manufacture and processing of film.

FILM Ferrania
In 2013, the former Ferrania Research Laboratory (L.R.F.) and its narrow film coater was acquired by the new company FILM Ferrania s.r.l. which also took over some of Ferrania's manufacturing equipment, materials and documentation, as well as a number of those Ferrania technicians laid off in 2012. FILM Ferrania inherited the historic brand Ferrania to launch analog products suitable for the actual needs of the cine/photo market. In 2013, FILM Ferrania announced an intention to produce new versions of the historic Solaris FG-100 Plus color negative film and Scotch Chrome 100 color slide film in a variety of formats, with a potential emphasis on cine film. In an interview, Nicola Baldini, chief of the new company, stated his intention of also bringing back black-and-white films, especially the historical Ferrania P30.

On November 19, 2013 Film Ferrania presented the main core of production and R&D, formed by eight people with years of experience in the field, who are listed by their names, biography, and photos, on the company's website. In September 2014, Film Ferrania, after an online survey, announced a crowdfounding on the platform Kickstarter to obtain $250,000 from the founders to buy some machines from the old plant of Ferrania. On October 29, 2014 Film Ferrania terminated the fundraising campaign reaching $322,420 (128% of the original target), and announced that as a prize for the donations, they will send films of the first batch of 35mm, 120, super8 and 16mm test rolls based on the original Scotch Chrome 100.

However, Film Ferrania suffered numerous production delays due to asbestos discoveries, and numerous infrastructural issues. In late 2015, FILM Ferrania CEO Baldini told German magazine Cine 8-16 that the new time schedule was to start the first test batch to send to donators by spring 2016, which will include a line of color reversal films based on ScotchChrome in the ISO speeds and color balances of 64D, 100D, 200D, 400D, 640T, and 800/3200T, in the formats of 135 and 120 for still photography, as well as Super8 and 16mm. Later, a negative line based on the Solaris stock will follow in speeds of 100, 200 and 400 ISO. To date, however, none of Ferrania's color products nor their motion picture products have been realized, and no further mention of them can be found on the website. On February 1, 2017 FILM Ferrania presented a new black and white film – P30 Alpha. It is a panchromatic, 80 ASA speed film with a very high silver content, based on the old formula used to produce cinematographic films. Although the first film produced by FILM Ferrania was supposed to be a color reversal film, company decided to produce a test batch of black and white film to test the restored machines used to produce film. After seeing the results from the test batch company owners decided to release the P30 as an alpha version, to be improved upon based on user feedback. In early December 2019, Film Ferrania announced the availability of the final version of P30 to customers from North America.

On April 2, 2023 FILM Ferrania announced their new 50 ASA speed film similar to P30 but Ortochromatic.

Products

 * Ferrania P30 Alpha 135/36 - 80 ISO/ASA panchromatic black & white film for 35mm cameras

title: Ferrania


text:
User talk:ChristopherMac

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, please be sure to sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~~~) to produce your name and the current date, or three tildes (~~~) for just your name. If you have any questions, you can post to the help desk or ask me on my talk page. Again, welcome! --Lord Voldemort (Dark Mark) 20:18, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
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title: User talk:ChristopherMac


text:
OB star

OB stars are hot, massive stars of spectral types O or early-type B that form in loosely organized groups called OB associations. They are short lived, and thus do not move very far from where they formed within their life. During their lifetime, they will emit much ultraviolet radiation. This radiation rapidly ionizes the surrounding interstellar gas of the giant molecular cloud, forming an H II region or Strömgren sphere.

In lists of spectra the "spectrum of OB" refers to "unknown, but belonging to an OB association so thus of early type".

title: OB star


text:
1973 Oceania Cup

The 1973 OFC Nations Cup was the first Oceania-wide football tournament ever held. It took place in New Zealand from 17 February 1973–24 February 1973. All matches were held at Newmarket Park, in Auckland, and five teams participated: New Zealand, New Caledonia, Tahiti, New Hebrides (now known as Vanuatu) and Fiji.

At the time, the Oceania Football Confederation was not considered a full FIFA Confederation, and as such allowed national teams unaffiliated with FIFA to enter.

The teams played each other according to a round-robin format, and the top two teams (New Zealand and Tahiti) played off in a final to determine the winner. New Caledonia and New Hebrides also played each other, on the same day as the final, to determine third place.

New Zealand won the tournament with a 2–0 victory in the final, while New Caledonia retained third place by defeating New Hebrides.

Tournament team rankings
As per statistical convention in football, matches decided in extra time are counted as wins and losses, while matches decided by penalty shoot-outs are counted as draws.

title: 1973 Oceania Cup


text:
User talk:Tabish q

Welcome
Hello , and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, you can sign your name on Talk and vote pages using three tildes, like this: ~~~. Four tildes (~~~~) produces your name and the current date. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my talk page. Again, welcome! --Lord Voldemort (Dark Mark) 20:19, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
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Welcome again
Dear Tabish, when you upload your own image, please choose the GFDL license to release it in Wikipedia. otherwise the images are going to be deleted, as it seems to have happened with the uploaded by you pictures. Afshar is going to be much more agressive once you support my edits, or inversely at the time he understands that you support no which way information even if there is no grid. Well, you have said this clearly in your paper, I do not understand why Afshar does not see it. He is with not very high level of understanding the mathematics invloved, so do not expect him to cooperate - rather he will use all kind of arguments that have nothing to do with physics to disprove you. At least he never wrote a single formula or equation to prove there is which way despite I have asked him repeatedly many times for that. If you need any help, please post on my talk page User_talk:Danko_Georgiev_MD. Please update with some information your user page, it is always better for people to know who has been editing the scientific article of interest. Regards, Danko Georgiev MD 02:21, 23 January 2007 (UTC)

Dear Tabish, it is good that you have created this page about you. If you want to edit the Afshar experiment article, please use the inbuilt laTex in Wikipedia, there is root of n button that inputs the math tags. I have spent a lot of time to make the main article look more academic, so I had to convert a lot of references into a clear and neat bibliography. I have finished with my editing of Afshar promo entry converting it into more objective and balanced entry showing all the various viewpoints (some of which wrong, but nevertheless do exist, so deserve to be mentioned), and now I can move to some other topic. Regards, Danko Georgiev MD 07:12, 24 January 2007 (UTC)

Image Tagging Image:Panama Rose.jpg
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Image Tagging Image:Night Blooming Jasmine.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Night Blooming Jasmine.jpg. I noticed the 'image' page currently doesn't specify who created the content, so the copyright status is unclear. If you have not created this media yourself then there needs to be an argument why we have the right to use the media on Wikipedia (see copyright tagging below). If you have not created the media yourself then it needs to be specified where it was found, i.e., in most cases link to the website where it was taken from, and the terms of use for content from that page.

If the media also doesn't have a copyright tag then one should be added. If you created/took the picture, audio, or video then the GFDL-self tag can be used to release it under the GFDL. If you believe the media qualifies as fair use, consider reading fair use, and then use a tag such as or one of the other tags listed at Image copyright tags. See Image copyright tags for the full list of copyright tags that you can use.

If you have uploaded other media, consider checking that you have specified their source and copyright tagged them, too. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any unsourced and untagged images will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you.  Nivus  (talk)

Afshar experiment
Hi, Welcome to the Afshar experiment controversy! As a some-times arbitrator to the dispute, I thought I'd say hello.

A few thoughts for your inspection & commentary. A few years ago, when I first heard of the thing, I casually dismissed it out of hand, remarking that exactly the same experiment could be done with e.g. water waves in a college demonstration ripple tank. Since one could also "image" the slits in a ripple tank, and get the same results as Afshar was getting, it didn't seem to offer any insight into QM. Then someone pointed out that, in principle, the Afshar experiment could be done with single photons and photodector tubes, which is a more conceptually challenging situation. It reminds me a bit of the Hanbury-Brown and Twiss effect: an experiment which is 99% classical, and behaves like a classical wave diffraction experiment, except that it can be done with individual photons. At this point, I realized that perhaps a quick, hand-waving dismissal is inappropriate, and that the correct treatment really does require a careful application of the full set of analysis typically done in quantum optics.

Thus, I gave Afshar the benefit of the doubt; just as in Hanbury-Brown and Twiss, the explanation of the total effect is not exactly trivial, even if it does resemble the classical explanation almost completely. On the other hand, I don't see that one can learn anything "new" from the Afshar expt; since its essentially classical, I don't see how it tells us something about QM that we don't already know. However, I have given this whole thing only a miniscule amount of thought.

My one concern w.r.t. this article on WP is that it should not accumulate half-baked debunking arguments. Sure, anyone with a smattering of education about QM should be able to cook up an argument showing how the experiment is wrong or stupid; what I don't want to see is these amateurish debunkings showing up in the article as if they were golden truths. linas 23:45, 26 January 2007 (UTC)

Edit of biographic entry
Dear prof. Qureshi, please check this entry Tabish Qureshi. Please inform me if I had made substantial errors that need urgent repair. The decision to create the entry was solely mine and I have decided it on scientific grounds concerning your numerous contributions on foundational problems in QM. Regards, Danko Georgiev MD 11:57, 27 March 2007 (UTC)

On Popper's experiment
Dear prof. Qureshi - I have left open wiki-entry on Popper's experiment. Now the link is inactive [red] however you can briefly describe the setup, as you are better acquainted than me. You can help in creating that entry. Kind regards, Danko Georgiev MD 12:26, 27 March 2007 (UTC)

License tagging for Image:Popper-experiment-1.png
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Image:Popper-experiment-1.png
Hi. When you uploaded Image:Popper-experiment-1.png, you didn't choose a license for it. Since it appears that you created it, would you be willing to release it under the GFDL? The image needs a license tag or it has to be deleted. If you would be willing to release it under that license, please edit the image page and add GFDL-self to that page. Thanks. --BigDT 04:28, 14 April 2007 (UTC)

Unruh's interferometer
Dear Tabish, please see this entry Unruh's interferometer, if you are interetsed in clarification the problem that ocurred with interpreting Unruh's claims. p.s. From time to time, you can clean your talk page from unnecessary robot posted stuff, etc. Regards, Danko Georgiev MD 06:56, 27 April 2007 (UTC)
 * Here is my official reply to Unruh.

Georgiev DD. Exact Mapping of Quantum Waves between Unruh's and Afshar's Setup (Reply to W. Unruh). Progress In Physics 2007; 3: 44-49.

I hope you will have the necessary time to read this paper, in order to represent correctly in the future the true claims of Unruh and me. Please note, here I prove explicitly for first time one-to-one mapping between your calculation and Unruh's setup. My *new*(?) equations not written by you of course are something that you also knew, but you did not bother to write down. I am also promoting your work because I understand what you really did, and not because I want to appeal to your authority. I have said Unruh is inconsistent back in time in 2004, so the appearance of your paper is just manifestation of the fact that mathematical truth does not depend on persons, but is "objective" and accessible to everyone who is smart enough to see it. I myself stand against all "authority appealing" in science, see my Wiki home page. Regards, Danko Georgiev MD 12:33, 5 May 2007 (UTC)

Talk:Popper's experiment
I added a neutrality warning, since, unfortunately, the article is heavily biased towards your own views as one of the participants in the scientific and philosophical debate on the issue. Please try to attribute views and declare none of them to be "the consensus". Say the name, do not use weasel words. Further, try to give opposing views due weight. Describing your views at length and mentioning only alongside in a short sentence that "some [Weasel word!] [are] even going to the extent of claiming that Kim and Shih's experiment had demonstrated that there is no non-locality in quantum mechanics" without explaining that as detailed as your view provokes the impression that such opposing views have not to be taken seriously. Thanks for your otherwise high quality work on the article, though. --rtc 06:00, 22 June 2007 (UTC)

Image copyright problem with Image:M-mayek.jpg
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Proposed deletion of Journal of Quantum Information Science

The article Journal of Quantum Information Science has been proposed for deletion  because of the following concern:
 * Non-notable new journal. Article creation premature. No independent sources, not listed in any selective major databases. Does not meet WP:NJournals or WP:GNG.

While all contributions to Wikipedia are appreciated, content or articles may be deleted for any of several reasons.

You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the notice, but please explain why in your edit summary or on the article's talk page.

Please consider improving the article to address the issues raised. Removing will stop the proposed deletion process, but other deletion processes exist. In particular, the speedy deletion process can result in deletion without discussion, and articles for deletion allows discussion to reach consensus for deletion. Guillaume2303 (talk) 13:52, 10 September 2012 (UTC)

Edit war warning
You currently appear to be engaged in an edit war  according to the reverts you have made on Afshar experiment. Users are expected to collaborate with others, to avoid editing disruptively, and to try to reach a consensus rather than repeatedly undoing other users' edits once it is known that there is a disagreement. Please be particularly aware that Wikipedia's policy on edit warring states: If you find yourself in an editing dispute, use the article's talk page to discuss controversial changes; work towards a version that represents consensus among editors. You can post a request for help at an appropriate noticeboard or seek dispute resolution. In some cases it may be appropriate to request temporary page protection. If you engage in an edit war, you may be blocked from editing.
 * 1) Edit warring is disruptive regardless of how many reverts you have made.
 * 2) Do not edit war even if you believe you are right.

Just providing you notice of this... more to follow
This message is being sent to inform you that there is currently a discussion at Conflict of interest/Noticeboard regarding a possible conflict of interest incident in which you may be involved. Thank you. Jytdog (talk) 07:46, 7 April 2016 (UTC)

Hi Tabish q. I work on conflict of interest issues here in Wikipedia, and my attention was called here by a filing there ( I just provided you notice of it, above).

I am sure you are familiar with COI issues in your academic publishing - there are some twists on that here in Wikipedia, and they get especially ... nuanced when it comes to academic experts who want to come and contribute to Wikipedia. It is complicated - we love experts here, and some experts are among our most beloved and appreciated contributors. Where things get complicated, is when an expert wants to cite his or her own work, and other disagree. As you can imagine, things can get inflamed pretty quickly in those situations.

Well, there is little new under the sun here, and as it turns out there is a guideline for this, and it is WP:SELFCITE. The guidance is, if you want to cite your own work, bring it to the article Talk page, say its yours, and explain how you want to use it. If folks agree, then great. If they don't, then you yield. That's how it works. Would you please agree to do that going forward? Do let me know. You can reply here, and we can talk more about editing WP, if you like. Oh btw please do read WP:EXPERT, if you haven't seen it before. Thanks for your time. Jytdog (talk) 07:52, 7 April 2016 (UTC)

 * Jytdog I had already brought this up on the talk page of the article. The section which has been removed from the articles, is one of the prominent critique of Afshar's Experiment. It has been cited by many papers on Afshar experiment, some of which are cited on the article page too, e.g.
 * http://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0701152
 * https://arxiv.org/abs/1008.4261v1
 * The initial objection of David Eppstein was the it was not an authentic published source. I strongly disagree here - it is published in a peer reviewed journal, whose editorial board is very respectable. Check out
 * www.scirp.org/Journal/EditorialBoard.aspx?JournalID=591
 * Now the objection seems to be regarding citing oneself. That is a different issue altogether. David Eppstein did not take any opinion from anybody on the talks page before removing the particular section. Tabish q (talk) 08:28, 7 April 2016 (UTC)
 * Hi Tabish q.  it is good that you opened a Talk page discussion. No one has responded there yet.  What WP:SELFCITE says is get consensus on the Talk page to include; it doesn't say "throw a note onto the Talk page and keep inserting your self-citation".  Right?   Please know that when two editors disagree there are plenty of dispute resolution processes to use - it never has to come down to two people arguing in Wikipedia.   So please give this some time.   I will go to the Talk page just to set up the conversation better - I won't get involved in it.  I just want to help you understand how we think about COI in Wikipedia so you can do the right thing here.  OK?  (again, you can just reply here; this page is on my watchlist and I will see your reply) Jytdog (talk) 18:10, 7 April 2016 (UTC)

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title: User talk:Tabish q