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User talk:Victor3

Welcome to Wikipedia!
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I am relatively new myself, and I have found the Signpost and the Village Pump to be particularly useful, as well as the Welcome area. Mamawrites 05:15, 26 August 2005 (UTC)

John Cena
Thanks for experimenting with Wikipedia. Your test worked, and has been reverted or removed. Please use the sandbox for any other tests you want to do. Take a look at the welcome page if you would like to learn more about contributing to our encyclopedia. Thanks. Soltak | Talk 18:46, 26 August 2005 (UTC)

Replaceable fair use Image:Bigelf.jpg
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April 2009
Welcome and thank you for experimenting with Wikipedia. Your test worked, and it has been reverted or removed. Please take a look at the welcome page to learn more about contributing to this encyclopedia. If you would like to experiment further, please use the sandbox instead. Thank you. The Real Libs-speak politely 19:00, 24 April 2009 (UTC)

title: User talk:Victor3


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Extracellular digestion

Extracellular phototropic digestion is a process in which saprobionts feed by secreting enzymes through the cell membrane onto the food. The enzymes catalyze the digestion of the food ie diffusion, transport, osmotrophy or phagocytosis. Since digestion occurs outside the cell, it is said to be extracellular. It takes place either in the lumen of the digestive system, in a gastric cavity or other digestive organ, or completely outside the body. During extracellular digestion, food is broken down outside the cell either mechanically or with acid by special molecules called enzymes. Then the newly broken down nutrients can be absorbed by the cells nearby. Humans use extracellular digestion when they eat. Their teeth grind the food up, enzymes and acid in the stomach liquefy it, and additional enzymes in the small intestine break the food down into parts their cells can use. Extracellular digestion is a form of digestion found in all saprobiontic annelids, crustaceans, arthropods, lichens and chordates, including vertebrates.

In fungi
Fungi are heterotrophic organisms. Heterotrophic nutrition means that fungi utilize extracellular sources of organic energy, organic material or organic matter, for their maintenance, growth and reproduction. Energy is derived from the breakdown of the chemical bond between carbon and either carbon or other components of compounds such as a phosphate ion. The extracellular sources of energy may be simple sugars, polypeptides or more complex carbohydrate.

Fungi can only absorb small molecules through their walls. For fungi to gain their energy needs, they find and absorb organic molecules appropriate to their needs, either immediately or following some form of enzyme diminution outside the thallus. The small molecules are then absorbed, used directly or reconstituted (transformed) into organic molecules within the cell.

When a skeletonized leaf is seen in the litter, it is because recalcitrant materials remain and digestion is continuing. The fungi that utilize a variety of energy sources usually absorb the simplest compounds first, then the more complex. For instance, the formation of cellulose is repressed by high concentrations of glucose in the cytoplasm. On depletion of primary sources of glucose, enzymes to degrade more complex molecules such as cellulose and starch, are then released. Thus soluble sugars and amino acids are removed first from a leaf released from a tree. Starch is then broken down and absorbed. Subsequently, pectin and cellulose are digested. Finally, waxes are degraded and lignin oxidized. The staggering of energy acquisition results in the efficient utilization of available energy.

Detection of digestive enzymes in fungi
The regulation of nutrient acquisition appears to be controlled by general phenomena. Only a small group of enzymes, mostly hydrolases, can be detected in the culture filtrate of well-fed fungi. This suggests that specific inducers control the manufacture and release of enzymes for degradation. The most common complex carbohydrate available in the environment is cellulose. In the absence of glucose, detection of cellulose, for instance, induces the expression of celluloses. As a consequence, fungi specifically target the breakdown of the cellulose in their environment, and do not waste energy on the unnecessary formation of enzymes for degradation of molecules that may not be present. Fungi have an efficient process to gain energy.

Because of the huge range of potential food sources, fungi have evolved enzymes suitable for the environments in which they are usually found. The range of enzymes, though wide in many species, is not sufficient for survival in all environments. Fungi require other competitive attributes to ensure continued survival.

The opposite is also true. Some fungi have highly specific metabolic capabilities which enable occupation of specific habitats, utilizing molecules which are unavailable to other fungi. Further, utilization of a common and abundant substrate has led many fungi to evolve a range of highly specific degradative enzymes. Among the fungi are species that are generalist in their nutrient requirements, some that have specific nutrient requirements, and many that are in between.

Excretion of digestive enzymes
Enzymes are manufactured close to the hyphal tip. Some are packaged in vesicles associated with the Golgi and then delivered to the hyphal tip. The contents are released at the tip. Some enzymes are actively excreted through the plasma membrane, where they diffuse through or act in the cell wall. Note that the enzymes released from the hyphal tip require an aqueous environment for release and subsequent degradative activity.

Absorption of digested products
The molecules absorbed through the plasma membrane tend to be smaller than 5,000 Da, so only simple sugars, amino acids, fatty acids and other small molecules can be taken up following digestion. The molecules are taken up in solution. In some cases, the molecules are processed by enzymes located within the cell wall. For instance, sucrose inverters have been localized in walls of yeasts. Glucose appears to be the sugar preferred by most fungi. Uptake of other sugars is repressed when glucose is available. Similarly, ammonium, glutamine and asparagine regulate the uptake of nitrogen compounds, and cysteine of sulphur compounds.

Joint intracellular and extracellular digestion in cnidarians
In hydra and other cnidarians, the food is caught by the tentacles and ingested through the mouth into the single large digestive cavity, the gastrovascular cavity. Enzymes are secreted from the cells bordering this cavity and poured on the food for extracellular digestion. Small particles of the partially digested food are engulfed into the vacuoles of the digestive cells for intracellular digestion. Any undigested and un-absorbed food is finally thrown out of the mouth.

Invert digestive systems are bags and tubes
Single-celled organisms as well as sponges digest their food intracellularly. Other multi-cellular organisms digest their food extracellularly, within a digestive cavity. In this case the digestive enzymes are released into a cavity that is continuous with the animal's external environment. In cnidarians and in flatworms such as planarians, the digestive cavity, called a gastrovascular cavity, has only one opening that serves as both mouth and anus. There is no specialization within this type of digestive system because every cell is exposed to all stages of food digestion.

Specializing occurs when the digestive tract or alimentary canal has a separate mouth and anus so that transport of food is one-way. The most primitive digestive tract is seen in nematodes (phylum Nematode), where it is simply a tubular gut lined by an epithelial membrane. Earthworms (phylum Annelids) have a digestive tract specialized in different regions for the ingestion, storage, fragmentation, digestion and absorption of food. All more complex animal groups, including all vertebrates, show similar specializations.

The ingested food may be stored in a specialized region of the digestive tract or subjected to physical fragmentation. This fragmentation may occur through the chewing action of teeth (in the mouth of many vertebrates) or the grinding action of pebbles (in the gizzard of earthworms and birds). Chemical digestion then occurs, breaking down the larger food molecules of polysaccharides and disaccharides, fats, and proteins into their smallest sub-units.

Chemical digestion involves hydrolysis reactions that liberate the sub unit molecules—primarily monosaccharides, amino acids and fatty acids—from the food. These products of chemical digestion pass through the epithelial lining of the gut into the blood, in a process known as absorption. Any molecules in the food that are not absorbed cannot be used by the animal. These waste products are excreted, or defecated from the anus.

Annelids
The echiuran gut is long and highly convoluted, and there is no gut in pogonophoran adults. Among other annelids, the gut is linear and unsegmented, with a mouth opening on the peristomium and an anus opening at the posterior end of the animal (pygidium). Food is moved through the gut by cilia and/or by muscular contractions. Digestion is primarily extracellular, although some species show an intracellular component as well.

Arthropods
The arthropod digestive system is divisible into three areas: the fore gut, mid gut, and hind gut. All free-living species exhibit a distinct and separate mouth and anus, and in all species, food must be moved through the digestive tract by muscular activity rather than cilia activity since the lumen of the fore gut and hind gut is lined with cuticle. Digestion is generally extracellular. Nutrients are distributed to the tissues through the hemal system.

Molluscs
Most molluscs have a complete digestive system with a separate mouth and anus. The mouth leads into a short esophagus which leads to a stomach. Associated with the stomach are one or more digestive glands or digestive caeca. Digestive enzymes are secreted into the lumen of these glands. Additional extracellular digestion takes place in the stomach. In cephalopods, digestion is entirely extracellular. In the most other mollusks, the terminal stages of digestion are completed intracellularly, within the tissue of the digestive glands. The absorbed nutrients enter the circulatory system for distribution throughout the body or are stored in the digestive glands for later use. Undigested waste pass through an intestine and out through the anus. Other aspects of food collection and processing have already been discussed where appropriate for each group.

Humans
The initial components of the gastrointestinal tract are the mouth and the pharynx, which is the common passage of the oral and nasal cavities. The pharynx leads to the esophagus, a muscular tube that delivers food to the stomach, where some preliminary digestion occurs; here, the digestion is extracellular.

From the stomach, food passes to the small intestine, where a battery of digestive enzymes continue the digestive process. The products of digestion are absorbed across the wall of the intestine into the bloodstream. What remains is emptied into the large intestine, where some of the remaining water and minerals are absorbed; here the digestion is intracellular.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Extracellular digestion


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Talk:Jeff Beck

Personal life
I just wonder whether Jeff Beck's long relationship with the former model and animal-rights campaigner Celia Hammond should be mentioned? I imagine she must have been a significant influence in his life. So sad that another great musician is gone. AgTigress (talk) 21:21, 28 January 2023 (UTC)
 * I've added what was in her article, with the minor necessary modifications. I think we should try to confirm (using sources) that he met his wife Sandra in 1992, otherwise we may risk giving the impression that the relationship with Hammond lasted longer than it did. 2A02:8071:184:4E80:F471:ECF4:BBAF:ABB3 (talk) 02:05, 21 March 2024 (UTC)
 * Sources I can find seem to state Beck and Cash met in 2004, which is close enough to their wedding that it might not need pointing out separately. Maybe it doesn't matter that we can't put exact dates from reputable sources on his link with Hammond. 2A02:8071:184:4E80:F471:ECF4:BBAF:ABB3 (talk) 02:12, 21 March 2024 (UTC)
 * Yes, Celia Hammond she was a glorious model. A lovely lady now - care animals with all deep heart and love #celiahammondanimaltrust rescue cats in London. 143.58.162.127 (talk) 17:48, 18 July 2024 (UTC)

Resting place
The Daily Mirror reports here: "Hollywood actor Johnny Depp is reported to be the only person permitted to Jeff Beck's private burial, alongside his widow Sandra and the couple's dog. ... The private burial reportedly took place at the musician's home in Wadhurst, East Sussex on 4 February. The quiet burial followed the funeral the day before, which was reportedly attended by fellow musicians including Tom Jones, Eric Clapton, Sir Rod Stewart and Ronnie Wood." So not buried at St Mary's Church in Beddington, as reported by the Daily Mail? Martinevans123 (talk) 22:16, 27 May 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Jeff Beck


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User talk:Dougdodge

Welcome to Wikipedia!
I hope you will consider getting involved in the Wikipedia community discussions. Here are some resources to help you get started:
 * Tutorial
 * Guide to layout
 * Policies and guidelines
 * How to write a great article

I am relatively new myself, and I have found the Signpost and the Village Pump to be particularly useful, as well as the Welcome area. Mamawrites 05:17, 26 August 2005 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of Arcwelder
I've added the "prod" template to the article Arcwelder, suggesting that it be deleted according to the proposed deletion process. All contributions are appreciated, but I don't believe it satisfies Wikipedia's criteria for inclusion, and I've explained why in the deletion notice (see also What Wikipedia is not and Importance). Please either work to improve the article if the topic is worthy of inclusion in Wikipedia, or, if you disagree, discuss the issues raised at Talk:Arcwelder. If you remove the dated prod template, the article will not be deleted, but note that it may still be sent to Articles for deletion, where it may be deleted if consensus to delete is reached. Colonel Tom 22:16, 5 April 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:Dougdodge


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Talk:National Popular Alliance

=1970 Elections=

Untitled
This section might eventually deserve its own article if it grows large and detailed enough to warrant it, but in the meanwhile it's important as it's a central part of ANAPO's history that definitely has to be develop in the article to some extent. Juancarlos2004 05:17, 26 August 2005 (UTC)

Political spectrum of ANAPO
¿Is it accurate to say that ANAPO was a right wing political party?--Forich (talk) 17:33, 4 November 2012 (UTC)

 * Given that many of its members eventually turned to clearly leftist parties, it does seem inaccurate. Estlandia (Miacek) (dialogue) 18:34, 4 November 2012 (UTC)

title: Talk:National Popular Alliance


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To Paint or Make Love

To Paint or Make Love (Peindre ou faire l'amour) is a 2005 French film directed by Arnaud and Jean-Marie Larrieu.

The film was nominated for the Palme d'Or at the 2005 Cannes Film Festival.

Plot
The story is about a middle-aged couple, Madeleine and William who enjoy a comfortable, orderly life. They buy a house in a scenic rural setting and this changes their lives forever. They come across a younger pair, Adam and Eva, and the couples become attracted to each other. Their love results in an exploration of erotic desires and art in the idyllic French Alps.

As this unexpected journey begins, Madeleine and William try to comprehend what is happening in their lives and the swingers' lifestyle that they have fallen into. After a time. they find that the sexual interactions are both interesting and addictive.

When Adam and Eva leave France, Madeleine and William become unsettled and decide to sell their home and join Adam and Eva on a Pacific island. The house-for-sale advertisement attracts some interested couples to a house inspection when another couple emerges. Madeleine and William invite them to stay for dinner, which turns into an erotic adventure as it had with Adam and Eva.

Suddenly, Madeleine and William understand that they need not go to the Pacific for the lifestyle as they can find romantic interactions in their current settings. Their realization between is dramatic.

Cast

 * Sabine Azéma as Madeleine
 * Daniel Auteuil as William
 * Amira Casar as Eva
 * Sergi López as Adam
 * Philippe Katerine as Mathieu
 * Florence Loiret Caille as Élise

title: To Paint or Make Love


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Crushi

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete. Jitse Niesen (talk) 01:50, 3 September 2005 (UTC)

Crushi
Not notable. Delete. brenneman (t) (c) 05:19, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Also, see Crushi.com by same IP. --Finbarr Saunders 05:27, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete nn. --GraemeL (talk) 10:19, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete nn. --tranquileye 13:46:52, 2005-08-26 (UTC)
 * Delete. nn. *drew 23:03, 27 August 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Crushi


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Blaine Lake

Blaine Lake is a town in central Saskatchewan, Canada. It is located 85 km north of Saskatoon, 104 km southwest of Prince Albert and 104 km east of North Battleford at the junction of Highway 12 and Highway 40. Nearby are the urban centres of Shellbrook and Rosthern. Blaine Lake is considered the "Gateway to the Northern Lakes" due to its proximity to fishing, hunting and camping sites, as well as its convenient location at a junction of two highways.

History
A surveyor named Blaine was drowned in the lake prior to the establishment in 1911.

The historic CN train station that now houses the Blaine Lake Wapiti Library along with the local town history museum. The station was built in 1912 two years after the rail line between Prince Albert and North Battleford was constructed and served the community until 1973. The Doukhobor Dugout House is a Provincial Heritage Property southeast of the town.

A number of heritage buildings are located within the community: St. Andrew's Roman Catholic Church built in 1914, the Doukhobor Prayer Home built in 1931  and the CN Station Building built in 1912.
 * Heritage properties

Demographics
In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Blaine Lake had a population of $509$ living in $250$ of its $296$ total private dwellings, a change of NaN% from its 2016 population of $499$. With a land area of 1.86 km2, it had a population density of in 2021.

Amenities
Blaine Lake is known for being "The Gateway to the Lakes!" as many lakes, campgrounds, golf courses' and tourist attractions are located within a short distance from the town.

The community has a curling rink, a skating rink, grocery store, hardware store, post office, several restaurants and two gas stations. Other businesses include a SARCAN recycle depot, an insurance broker, a veterinarian, a metal fabricator, a sign shop, and several construction contractors.

Education
Blaine Lake has an elementary and high school called the Blaine Lake Composite School. and is in the Prairie Spirit School Division # 206.

title: Blaine Lake


text: User talk:63.227.171.19

title: User talk:63.227.171.19


title: File:Tempts-greatest-vol2.jpg


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World Boardgaming Championships

The World Boardgaming Championships is a convention held yearly since 1999 by the Boardgame Players Association. It was previously held in Lancaster, Pennsylvania, but it moved to the Seven Springs Mountain Resort in 2016. It is next scheduled for July 20 to July 28, 2024, at Seven Springs Mountain Resort near Pittsburgh, PA. This convention replaced Avaloncon, which had been run from 1991 to 1998 by Avalon Hill.

Each year, the convention pulls approximately 2,000 people from around the world to compete to be named champion of their favorite games. The 100 best-attended games from the previous convention (the “Century”) are scheduled, with additional games added by vote of BPA members and through sponsorships. It is not necessary to be invited or to be an expert player to compete in tournaments. Many events include scheduled demonstrations that explain the rules.

title: World Boardgaming Championships


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User talk:Haikuso

Looch
((test)) Zoe 05:22, August 26, 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Haikuso


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WTUL

WTUL is a progressive/alternative FM radio outlet in New Orleans, Louisiana, United States, operating at 91.5 MHz with an ERP of 1,500 watts. The transmitter is located on the campus of Tulane University.

The station, which is owned by Tulane University, offers a mix of cutting-edge, progressive, alternative, electronica, classical, New Age, straight ahead jazz, folk, blues Latin, world reggae, show tunes, kids' show, and an eclectic mix of a variety of genres. The station runs 24 hours. Tulane University students, and New Orleans local affiliates run the non-profit station.

History

WTUL was established on March 14, 1959. It is the station which gave future mayor-turned TV news anchor-turned talk show host Jerry Springer his start. The yearly "Rock On Survival Marathon" fund raisers featuring live bands on the Tulane campus are a locally famous event. In spite of the low wattage, WTUL was occasionally picked up as far away as New York City in its early years due to the limited number of stations operating on the FM band.

"Mother-in-Law" singer Ernie K-Doe was a DJ at WTUL for many years.

WTUL went off the air on August 28, 2005, as Hurricane Katrina approached the New Orleans area. The Tulane campus building which housed the station (itself a temporary location due to the renovation of the University Center) was damaged by the resulting flood waters. On December 15, 2005, the station began broadcasting again, using donated studio space on the mezzanine of the Rue de la Course coffeehouse in the Carrollton neighborhood of uptown New Orleans, about 10 blocks from the Tulane campus. The station kept its Internet broadcast running via donated bandwidth from CCRMA at Stanford University.

The station continued a limited broadcast until it moved to Uptown Square at the corner of Broadway Street and Leake Avenue. It now broadcasts on a normal 24-hour schedule from a new studio in the basement of the Lavin-Bernick Center for University Life on the Tulane campus. WTUL is volunteer-run, accepting DJs from across the Tulane and New Orleans community.

WTUL releases an edition of its compilation CD Songs from the Basement, featuring local, national and international artists, to coincide with its annual Marathon, WTUL's main fundraiser.

title: WTUL


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Boardgame Players Association

The Boardgame Players Association is a non-profit corporation established to support the shared interests of board game players. The BPA is best known for hosting the World Boardgaming Championships.

In addition to its flagship event, the BPA also sponsors or co-sponsors the following annual events:
 * Enlightentment – Held in Timonium, Maryland focusing on the Age of Renaissance game
 * D-Day – Held in Timonium, Maryland focusing on the Breakout Normandy game
 * Waterloo – Held in Timonium, Maryland focusing on the Napoleonic Wars game

The BPA also Play-By-eMail Tournaments for selected games, including:
 * Breakout: Normandy
 * Manifest Destiny
 * Paths of Glory
 * The Russian Campaign
 * War at Sea
 * Victory in the Pacific
 * We the People
 * For the People
 * Empire of the Sun
 * Wilderness War

The BPA formerly sponsored the following annual events:
 * Euro Quest – Held in Timonium, Maryland focusing on a variety of European-style board games
 * Winter Activation Meeting (WAM) – Held in Timonium, Maryland focusing on two-player historical card-driven games

title: Boardgame Players Association


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St Andrew's College, University of Sydney

St Andrew's College is a residential college for women and men within the University of Sydney, in the suburb of Newtown. Home to over 380 male and female undergraduate students, postgraduate students, resident fellows, and graduate residents.

The College, governed by its own elected Council, is situated on the campus of the University of Sydney. It has offered residency, academic, and social support to students for 150 years.

The College provides students with a combination of intellectual independence, academic support from the Residential Life team, and personal development through involvement in Students’ Club activities such as a wide range of sporting, philanthropic, and cultural activities.

The St Andrew's College Incorporation Act received Royal Assent in 1867, in the 31st year of the reign of Queen Victoria and was only replaced by an updated Act as recently as 1998. 1867 is therefore the date taken as the College's foundation, and in 2017, the College celebrated its sesquicentenary as Australia's third oldest university college. In 1870, the College Council first met, and in 1876, the students entered the grand sandstone Scottish baronial building now known as the Main Building.

The College is a non-denominational independent institution of Protestant origins situated upon its own sub-grant of Crown Land and governed by a Council under the St Andrew's College Act 1998. Diversity of faith is genuinely welcome.

The College has produced many notable alumni in the fields of business, law, and politics. Known as Androvians, alumni have taken on leading positions in both public and private sectors of Australia. Examples include, but are not limited to:

H. V. Bert (Doc) Evatt (President of the United Nations), Andrew Constance (Politician), Angus Taylor (Politician), Craig Blair (Founder, AirTree Ventures),

James and Robbie Ferguson (Founder, Immutable X), John Bradfield (Architect of Sydney Harbour Bridge), Rohan Browning (Athlete) and more.

History
St Andrew's College was incorporated by Act of Parliament and received Royal Assent from Queen Victoria on 12 December 1867. The St Andrew's College Act 1998 replaced the St Andrews Incorporation Act 1867. This change means the Principal may be member of the laity and the religious affiliation of councillors has been broadened to include all Protestants. Adam Thompson became the first Principal of St Andrew's in 1872. He was a graduate of the University of Edinburgh who had come from his Hawick parish to Sydney in 1861. The College Council first met in 1870 and the first 16 students began their studies in 1874, even before the Main building was completed in 1878. Increasing demand for places led to the opening of additions to the College in 1892 (Sulman Wing), and in 1907 and 1914 (Vaucluse extensions). The student population increased to 140 in 1953 when the Reid building was completed, to 200 when the Thyne building was opened in 1966 and again to 272 when the Hanks Building was completed in 2007.

The College occupies 4 hectares of land within the main campus of the University of Sydney and was built on a sub-grant of University Land.

Whilst the Theological Hall of the Presbyterian Church in New South Wales, now the Presbyterian Theological Centre, was without home, St Andrew's College allowed its members to live at the College (until it relocated to Burwood in 1983).

In 2001, the College Council resolved to admit female undergraduates for the first time, with the first such students taking up residence at the commencement of the 2002 academic year.

Its motto Christo, ecclesiae, litteris is Latin for For Christ, for the church, for scholarship.

Every year, the College men compete for a sporting trophy, commonly known as the Rawson Cup, which was presented to the Sydney University Sports Union in 1906 by Admiral Sir Harry Rawson, and is the height of male intercollegiate sport. The cup is fought for throughout the year by men representing each of the University of Sydney Colleges accumulating points by competing in cricket, rowing, swimming, rugby, tennis, soccer, basketball and athletics. St Andrew's has enjoyed sustained recent success, winning the Rawson Cup in 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015 and 2016. St Andrew's has won the Rawson Cup more often than all the other colleges combined.

Since 2002, the College women have competed for their equivalent sporting trophy, the Macrae Archdale Cup, known as "The Rosebowl". The Rosebowl is contested by the five colleges that admit women. It consists of the sports of rowing, swimming, netball, hockey, tennis, basketball, soccer and athletics. The College won the Rosebowl for the first time in 2006, and also for the last nine years 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016 and 2017.

The College has had unrivalled success in the Palladian Cup, winning the annual inter-college performing arts competition in 2017 for the third time in five years, and more often than all other colleges combined since the Cup's inception in 2001.

St Andrew's remains the only college to have won the University Cup, along with the achievement of winning all 4 cups (Palladian, Rosebowl, Rawson, University Cup) in the academic year 2020 and 2022.

Heresy Conviction Controversy
Scottish born Peter Cameron was appointed Principal of St Andrew's College in 1991, and thus became a minister in the Presbyterian Church of Australia. In 1993 while serving as Principal, Cameron was convicted by the Presbyterian Church of Australia of Heresy. He was charged for disagreeing with the first chapter of the Westminster Confession of Faith (which as a minister of the Presbyterian Church of Australia, he was required "firmly and constantly to adhere thereto and to the utmost of [his] power to maintain and defend" ) by questioning the writings of Paul in the New Testament. The charge related to a sermon that he preached on 2 March 1992 called 'The Place of Women in the Church' to 300 members of a Presbyterian women's organisation. In the sermon, Cameron supported the ordination of women to the ministry, criticised the Church's hard line on homosexuality, and attacked fundamentalist Christianity in general (Jensen, nd) (de Maria, 1999)

Modern Controversies
The college, along with other University of Sydney colleges, has encountered a reasonable amount of criticism in recent years over student behavior and culture. Hazing has been a major target of media allegations. Alcoholism, sexism, and racist sentiments as well as a general attitude of entitlement have all been said to be part of the college's culture. In response to these allegations, The college responded to the Broderick Report with a cultural renewal plan (2018-2019), focusing in particular on hazing, alcohol misuse, sexual misconduct, and harassment. Despite this, there have been allegations that many of the same problems continue to exist at St Andrews. In May 2020 graffiti stating "nothing has changed" and "end rape on campus" appeared on the walls of the college in response to continued reports of hazing, sexism, and white nationalism. The college lambasted the defacement of heritage buildings, though acknowledged that "there is nothing unfair about the view that there is more work to be done and new issues to be investigated". In 2021 there were continued media accusations, with claims that the college featured an environment of privilege in which students were partying and disrespecting rules throughout the July COVID-19 lockdown. The student head of college reportedly called the inability to travel between home and college at will throughout the lockdown "stupid", stating that they would attempt to bypass the restrictions.

Today
St Andrew's College is home to 336 male and female undergraduate and graduate students and resident Fellows. All of the undergraduate students are members of the Students' Club, and the Junior Common Room. These are governed by an elected body of students, the House Committee.

The College is also home to 22 graduate students. These students are members of the Senior Common Room. They contribute greatly to the College's extensive tutorial program which covers as many of the subjects the University offers as it can. Residential members of the Senior Common Room are allowed to compete for selection on the College sporting teams. There are also University academics who reside at the College and are members of the Senior Common Room.

Intercol
Intercollegiate competitions in sport and the arts are contested annually by the residential colleges within the University of Sydney. Each St Andrew's success in Rawson, Rosebowl and Palladian events is celebrated by all students in the College with a Victory Dinner in the Dining Hall. In 2013 and again in 2015, St Andrew's College made history by claiming all four Cups (Rawson, Rosebowl, Palladian and University) in the Intercol competition. In 2014 and 2016, St Andrew's took out the Rawson, Rosebowl and University Cups and placed 2nd in the Palladian competition.

Buildings
At present, the College comprises 4 main buildings, as well as a number of smaller ones. "Main" is the oldest of these, and was extended with the addition of the Sulman and Vaucluse wings. Further extensions on Main were carried out in the 1960s, and now it not only houses 90 students’ rooms, but has the college's dining hall, library, reading room, Junior and Senior Common Rooms, administration offices, the Kinross-Mackie Chapel and a number of tutorial rooms. Main predominantly houses freshers and sophomores. "Reid" is the second oldest building, and was opened in 1953, when it was simply known as the New Building. It is typically home to both Sophomores and Seniors. The Thyne Building was opened in 1966, the same year as the College's oval was constructed. This building typically houses freshers and Sophomores. The Hanks Building (referred to by students as "New Wing") was completed in 2007; it is home to only seniors and above. The rooms in this building are much larger and all have bathrooms.

The College also has a number of smaller buildings, such as the Harper Lodge (where high-ranking members such as the Vice-Principal live), the Dougan Lodge (a.k.a. the Bird's Cage, where the Principal lives), the Old Laboratory (a.k.a. the Country Club, which houses graduates, and is next to the tennis courts), the Gatehouse and Sulman Wing (graduate housing).

Politics
Current
 * Angus Taylor, Shadow Treasurer and Member for Hume
 * Alister Henskens, state MP for Wahroonga

Former
 * H. V. Bert (Doc) Evatt, Australian Opposition Leader, youngest ever High Court Judge and President of the United Nations
 * Sir George Fuller, Premier of NSW
 * John Mason, former Leader of the Opposition (New South Wales)
 * Rob Oakeshott, Independent Federal Member of Parliament for Lyne
 * Philip Lucock, Deputy Speaker of the House of Representatives and Member for Lyne
 * Frederick Osborne, Australian Minister for Customs and Excise, Minister for Air and Minister for Repatriation and Member for Evans
 * Garry West, NSW Minister for Police and Member for Orange
 * Andrew Constance, NSW Minister for Transport and Infrastructure

Law

 * H. V. Bert (Doc) Evatt, High Court Judge
 * Joseph Campbell, judge of the New South Wales Court of Appeal
 * Alan Loxton AM, Former Senior Partner Allen, Allen and Hemsley
 * Reginald Kerr Manning, Barrister who established and edited The Bankruptcy and Company Law Cases of New South Wales
 * Charles Waterstreet, Barrister, author and producer

The Sciences

 * Gordon Childe, renowned prehistorian, philologist and archaeologist
 * Raymond Dart, anthropologist
 * John Bradfield, engineer and designer of the Sydney Harbour Bridge who received the first doctorate of science in engineering from the University

Medicine

 * Cecil Cook, Medical administrator

The Arts

 * Alex Cubis, actor and lawyer
 * A.D. Hope, Poet
 * Mungo Wentworth MacCallum, Political journalist
 * Bob Brissenden, Poet and Novelist
 * Frank Walker, Journalist and writer
 * Chris Brown, Television presenter
 * Sophie Payten, Singer known professionally as Gordi

Theology

 * Revd. Dr John Dunmore Lang, foundation Councillor 1870–1878. Lang was a prominent Australian Presbyterian minister, politician, activist, republican, and libelist.
 * Revd. Dr Andrew Harper, former Principal
 * Revd. Dr Samuel Angus, professor of New Testament and Church History, charged with heresy
 * Peter Cameron, former Principal and convicted heretic
 * John McIntyre CVO, Hunter Baillie Professor 1946–1856, Principal 1950–1956, Honorary Fellow 1990–2005, sometime Professor of Divinity and Principal of New College in the University of Edinburgh, Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland, and Dean of the Order of the Thistle

Academia

 * Professor George Arnold Wood, Foundation Challis Professor of History at the University of Sydney 1891–1928
 * Cecil Purser, Vice Chancellor of the University of Sydney 1917–1918 and 1923, Deputy Chancellor of the University of Sydney 1924–1925
 * Sir David Gilbert Ferguson, Vice Chancellor of the University of Sydney 1919–1921
 * Sir Percival Halse Rogers KBE, Chancellor of the University of Sydney, 1936–1941
 * Robert C. Robertson-Cuninghame, Chancellor of the University of New England, 1981–1993
 * Professor Clifford Blake, Vice Chancellor of Charles Sturt University, 1990–2001 and Vice Chancellor of the University of Adelaide, 2001–2002
 * Associate Professor R. Ian Jack, Dean of the Faculty of Arts of the University of Sydney, Senior Fellow of St Andrew's College, Co-Founder of Historical Archaeology in Australia

Military

 * Lt General Sir Iven Mackay, KBE, CMG, DSO & Two Bars, VD
 * Group Captain Peter Jeffrey, Group Commander Royal Australian Air Force
 * Brigadier Sir Kenneth Fraser, CBE

Rugby Union
Wallaby Captains
 * Phil Waugh, who is currently the Chief Executive Officer of Rugby Australia
 * Nick Farr-Jones
 * Dick Tooth
 * John Solomon
 * Arthur C. Wallace, also played 9 Rugby Tests for Scotland and coached the Wallabies 1937 and 1953
 * Tom Lawton, Snr
 * Alex Ross
 * Bill Hardcastle

Other Wallabies
 * Scott Gourley, dual international Rugby Union and Rugby league
 * Marty Roebuck
 * Bruce "Jackie" Beith
 * Hugh Taylor
 * Arthur "Huck" Finlay
 * Duncan Fowles
 * Johnny Taylor, dual international Cricket and Rugby Union
 * Saxon White
 * Myer Rosenblum
 * David Brockhoff
 * Nathan Charles
 * David Fitter
 * Otto Nothling, dual international Cricket and Rugby Union
 * Max Jorgensen

Others

 * Forbes Carlile, Olympic competitor 1952 Summer Olympics and Swimming coach of various Olympic swimmers including Shane Gould
 * Johnny Taylor, Former Australian Test Cricketer and Wallaby
 * Otto Nothling, Former Australian Test Cricketer and Wallaby
 * Nigel Barker, Olympic athlete 1906 Athens Olympics holder of Australia's first athletics world record, in the 400 yards, and an Olympic Games bronze medalist in the 400 yards and 100 yards events.
 * John Hudson, Olympic rower 1960 Rome Olympics
 * Les McKeand, Olympic athlete 1948 London Olympics
 * Glenn Kable, Olympic shooter for Fiji, 2004 Athens Olympics, 2008 Beijing Olympics, 2012 London Olympics and 2016 Rio Olympics
 * Hannah Buckling, Olympic water polo player 2016 Rio Olympics
 * Jaime Ryan, Olympic sailor 2016 Rio Olympics
 * James Matheson, Olympic skier 2018 Winter Olympics
 * Rohan Browning, Olympic sprinter 2020 Tokyo Olympics
 * Phoebe Litchfield, Australian cricketer
 * Clare Hunt, Australian Footballer and player for The Maltidas
 * Clare Wheeler, Australian Footballer and player for The Maltidas

Rhodes Scholars

 * 1904 Wilfred Barton
 * 1905 Percival Halse Rogers
 * 1906 Mungo L. McCallum
 * 1908 Stanley Castlehow (for Queensland)
 * 1910 John R. Hooten
 * 1911 Harold K. Denham (for Queensland)
 * 1921 Tom Lawton, Snr (for Queensland)
 * 1922 Arthur C. Wallace
 * 1928 Richard Ashburner
 * 1929 Ian M. Edwards
 * 1930 Norman K. Lamport
 * 1934 Hugh C. Barry
 * 1947 David R. Stewart
 * 1949 Robert C. Robertson-Cuninghame
 * 1984 Ian M. Jackman
 * 1991 Angus Taylor
 * 2004 Alexander W. Cameron
 * 2004 Stephanie M. Topp


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Guanzhong

Guanzhong (, formerly romanised as Kwanchung) region, also known as the Guanzhong Basin, Wei River Basin, or uncommonly as the Shaanzhong region, is a historical region of China corresponding to the crescentic graben basin within present-day central Shaanxi, bounded between the Qinling Mountains in the south (known as Guanzhong's "South Mountains"), and the Huanglong Mountain, Meridian Ridge and Long Mountain ranges in the north (collectively known as its "North Mountains"). The central flatland area of the basin, known as the Guanzhong Plain (关中平原; pinyin: Guānzhōng Píngyuán), is made up of alluvial plains along the lower Wei River and its numerous tributaries and thus also called the Wei River Plain. The region is part of the Jin-Shaan Basin Belt, and is separated from its geological sibling — the Yuncheng Basin to its northeast — by the Yellow River section southwest of the Lüliang Mountains and north of the river's bend at the tri-provincial junction among Shaanxi, Shanxi and Henan.

The name Guanzhong means "within the passes", referring to the four major mountain pass fortresses historically defending the region. The region was the traditional heartland of Qin state during Zhou Dynasty and thus often nicknamed the "800 li of Qin land". The Yellow River, Lüliang Mountains and the eastern end of the Qinling separate the region from the (then) politically orthodox Central Plain, which is located east of the strategic Hangu Pass and therefore was historically referred as the Guandong ("east of the pass") region by the Qin people, who later conquered the eastern states and unified China as a centralized empire — the Qin dynasty — for the first time during the 3rd century BC. Afterwards, subsequent prominent dynasties such as the Han and Tang (both considered China's historical golden ages) also had the crownland established in the Guanzhong region.

Geography
The Guanzhong Plain traditionally includes the central part of modern Shaanxi province and the extreme northwestern tip of Henan province (the western half of Sanmenxia). The average altitude of the region ranges from 300 to 700 m above sea level. Xi'an, the provincial capital of Shaanxi and the largest city in Northwest China, is located at the center of the region, mostly south of the Wei River. Other major prefectural cities in the Guanzhong region include (from west to east) Baoji, Xianyang, Tongchuan and Weinan.

The four major historic fortifications that enclose Guanzhong region are: Two more passes were later added, namely:
 * Hangu Pass (函谷關) to the east, in present day Lingbao City;
 * Wu Pass (武關) to the southeast, in present day Danfeng County;
 * Xiao Pass (蕭關) to the northwest, in present day Jingyuan County, and;
 * Dasan Pass (大散關) to the west, in present day Chencang District.
 * Tong Pass (潼關) further to the east, built during the late Eastern Han dynasty by the warlord Cao Cao, in present day Tongguan County, and;
 * Jinsuo Pass (金鎖關) to the north, built during the Tang dynasty, in present day Yintai District.

Historically the most important fortress of the above passes was the Hangu Pass, which commanded the chokepoint on a narrow land corridor along the south bank of Yellow River and what was then the only traversable passage into the Guanzhong region from the North China Plain. The formidable resilience of the Hangu Pass was what enabled the Qin state to defeat numerous anti-Qin alliances formed by its eastern enemy states during the Warring States period.

Climate
The average annual temperature is around 13 C, and the annual rainfall ranges from 400 to 900 mm, averaging around 600 mm. Because some years have low precipitation and evaporation rates are high, the region's natural vegetation is a mix between forests and steppes. Before human settlements converted the plains for agriculture, it was home to a diverse range of wildlife.

History
The Guanzhong region became the heartland of the Zhou after Jī clan leader Gugong Danfu relocated his people south from Bin (modern day Binzhou, Shaanxi) to evade the violent raidings by Xunyu, Xianyun and Di nomads. It is from Guanzhong region that the Zhou state prospered and eventually conquered the Shang dynasty to establish the Zhou dynasty in 1046 BC.

After the Quanrong nomads, with collaboration from Marquess of Shen, killed King You of Zhou and sacked the Zhou capital Haojing in 771 BC, the Western Zhou dynasty collapsed and the surviving Zhou court fled east to Luoyi. The Yíng clan, then a minor marcher vassal based in the Longxi Basin as a buffer state on the western frontier of the Chinese civilization, sent troops to escort King Ping of Zhou along the journey. In gratitude, King Ping granted a mid-level nobility to the Yíng leader, Count Xiang, and promised him authority to permanently claim any lands his clan can recapture from the nomads. The resultant Qin state then spent the next few centuries fighting off various nomads to its north and west and eventually consolidated its base in the Guanzhong Plain and the Loess Plateau. The Qin capital then relocated progressively east from Qinyi (in modern Qingshui County, Gansu) to Yong (in modern Fengxiang County, Shaanxi), then to Yueyang (in modern Yanliang District of Xi'an, Shaanxi), and eventually to Xianyang northeast across the Wei River from the ruined old Zhou capital of Fenghao. Four passes were then built to defend this new heartland against hostile attacks from both the east and the west.

During the Warring States period, Qin grew powerful under Shang Yang's legalist reforms, and militarily became increasingly more successful, and its rivals to the east claimed that the Qin army was a "troop of tigers and wolves", and it was often said that "Guanzhong produces generals; Guandong produces ministers". After constructing irrigation systems such as Zhengguo Canal, the already fertile Guanzhong region became extremely productive, allowing Qin state to become the preeminent power, repeatedly defeating and seizing more territory from its rivals to the east, and eventually unified China and established the Qin dynasty in 221 BC.

After First Emperor's death, the Qin dynasty soon fell into chaos due to the corrupt rule of Qin Er Shi and Zhao Gao, and various rebellions broke out. In 206 BC, the rebel leader Liu Bang successfully invaded Guanzhong and forced the last Qin ruler, Ziying, to surrender the capital Xianyang, ending the Qin dynasty. Liu Bang entered the capital peacefully, and issued strict orders forbidding his troops from looting and harming the locals. However, he was forced to hand over the control over to another more powerful rebel leader Xiang Yu, who sacked, pillaged and torched Xianyang before enfeoffing the Guanzhong region to three surrendered Qin generals Zhang Han, Sima Xin and Dong Yi, collectively known as the "Three Qins". However, merely four month later, Liu Bang returned with his newly appointed generalissimo Han Xin and reconquered the Guanzhong region, and used it as his base to eventually defeat Xiang Yu in the subsequent civil war. After establishing the Han dynasty, Liu Bang created a new capital named Chang'an, which is just across the Wei River from the ruined Qin capital Xianyang.

Since the Western Zhou dynasty, the area was the capital region of China for a total of 12 dynasties including the Qin, Western Han, Sui, and Tang. By the Tang dynasty the economic center of China had shifted south to the Yangtze basin and Guanzhong became increasingly dependent on supplies transported via the Grand Canal. After the destruction of Chang'an in the last years of the Tang, Guanzhong became less significant politically as well as economically in later dynasties.

title: Guanzhong


text: User talk:69.91.4.114

title: User talk:69.91.4.114


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Greatest Hits II (The Temptations album)

Greatest Hits II (shown as Temptations Greatest Hits Vol. 2 on the label) is a 1970 greatest hits album for The Temptations, released by the Gordy (Motown) label. The sequel to the first Temptations greatest hits LP from 1966, Greatest Hits II collects several of the late-1960s hits that followed the release of the first compilation. Included here are the final collection of David Ruffin-led singles, including "(I Know) I'm Losing You", "I Wish It Would Rain" and "I Could Never Love Another (After Loving You)", and the first of the Dennis Edwards-led psychedelic soul records, including "Cloud Nine" and "Psychedelic Shack". A new non-album single, the #3 hit "Ball of Confusion (That's What the World Is Today)", is also included.

All of the songs included here were produced by Norman Whitfield. Not included are "All I Need", a 1967 hit single produced by Frank Wilson, or the collection of duets singles with Diana Ross & the Supremes such as "I'm Gonna Make You Love Me" that were produced by Wilson and Nickolas Ashford.

Side one

 * 1) "Cloud Nine" (Barrett Strong, Norman Whitfield) (lead singers: Dennis Edwards, Paul Williams, Melvin Franklin, Eddie Kendricks, Otis Williams) – 3:27
 * 2) "I Wish It Would Rain" (Roger Penzabene, Strong, Whitfield) (lead singer: David Ruffin) – 2:48
 * 3) "Ball of Confusion (That's What the World Is Today)" (Strong, Whitfield) (lead singers: Eddie Kendricks, Dennis Edwards, Paul Williams, Melvin Franklin, Otis Williams) – 4:05
 * 4) "(I Know) I'm Losing You" (Cornelius Grant, Eddie Holland, Whitfield) (lead singer: David Ruffin) – 2:28
 * 5) "I Can't Get Next to You" (Strong, Whitfield) (lead singers: Dennis Edwards, Melvin Franklin, Eddie Kendricks, Paul Williams, Otis Williams) – 2:52
 * 6) "You're My Everything" (Grant, Penzabene, Whitfield) (lead singers: Eddie Kendricks; bridge vocals: David Ruffin) – 2:58

Side two

 * 1) "Psychedelic Shack" (Strong, Whitfield) (lead singers: Dennis Edwards, Melvin Franklin, Eddie Kendricks, Paul Williams, Otis Williams) – 3:53
 * 2) "Please Return Your Love to Me" (Strong, Whitfield, Barbara Neely) (lead singer: Eddie Kendricks) – 2:21
 * 3) "Runaway Child, Running Wild" (Strong, Whitfield) (lead singers: Dennis Edwards, Paul Williams, Eddie Kendricks, Melvin Franklin, Otis Williams) – 4:47
 * 4) "I Could Never Love Another (After Loving You)" (Penzabene, Strong, Whitfield) (lead singer: David Ruffin) – 3:15
 * 5) "Don't Let the Joneses Get You Down" (Strong, Whitfield) (lead singers: Dennis Edwards, Melvin Franklin, Eddie Kendricks, Paul Williams, Otis Williams) – 4:43
 * 6) "(Loneliness Made Me Realize) It's You That I Need" (Holland, Whitfield) (lead singer: David Ruffin; last verse: Paul Williams, Eddie Kendricks, Melvin Franklin, Otis Williams) – 2:36


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Quantum Bigfoot

The Quantum Bigfoot brand was a series of hard disk drives produced by Quantum Corp. from 1996 through the late 1990s. The Bigfoot series was notable for deviating from the standard form factor for hard drives. While most desktop hard drives at that time used a 3.5-inch physical format, Quantum Bigfoot drives used a larger 5.25-inch form factor more commonly seen in older hard drives, CD-ROM and other optical disc drives. This form factor allowed Quantum to increase the capacity of their hard drives without an increase in data density, thus lowering costs compared to a 3.5-inch drive with the same capacity. It also allowed manufacturers and owners to install the hard drive above or below the optical drive in the computer, as the typical computer had multiple 5.25-inch bays.

Overview
The main rationale behind the use of the 5.25-inch form factor was that the typical PC user already owns cases that supports 5.25-inch drives, and by using lower data densities and fewer moving parts, Quantum was able to deliver the products at lower prices, thus more competitively.

Initially, performance in the Bigfoot drives generally lagged behind most other drives of the era, but the large data capacities earned inclusion in many OEM PCs such as ones manufactured by Compaq and HP, as well as popularity with the PC enthusiast community. IBM also used Bigfoot drives in some of their Aptiva PCs even though they were also a major manufacturer of hard drives. Over time, the data density (and therefore the overall capacity) of the drives increased, culminating in the 19.2 GB Bigfoot TS, easily the largest consumer-grade drive available at its release. A side effect of the increased data density was an increase in speed, moving the Bigfoot to middle-of-the-pack status amongst its contemporaries. Unfortunately, the increased manufacturing cost associated with the higher density also caused an increase in price, moving the Bigfoot towards a premium price. Over time, increased prices combined with stiff competition caused sales of the drives to decline, leading to the line being discontinued in the late 1990s.

Bigfoot drives were produced by a variety of different plants in Malaysia, Singapore, Japan and other locations. They were among the first to support Logical Block Addressing (LBA) and Self-Monitoring, Analysis, and Reporting Technology (S.M.A.R.T.) monitoring.

Series
Four distinct series of Quantum Bigfoot drives were produced over time, with differences in capacity, spindle speed, access time and supported interface speed.

Quantum Bigfoot (original series)
The first generation Quantum Bigfoot drives were introduced around May 1996 and offered in capacities of 1.2 GB (1 platter, 2 heads) and 2.5 GB (2 platters, 4 heads), with suggested retail prices of $225 and $370 respectively. These drives offered only ATA-2 PIO Mode 4 and DMA mode 2 support (16.6 MB/s) and had an average seek time of 15 ms. Actual transfer rate from the platters was much lower, measured at 813 KB/s by PC Magazine using Disk WinMark 96, slower than a same-capacity/similar-capacity Quantum Fireball (3.5") drive, which delivered 1170 KB/s.

Quantum Bigfoot CY
The second series was the Quantum Bigfoot CY series, introduced around December 1996. Bigfoot CY drives shared the characteristics of a 3,600 RPM spindle speed and an ATA-2 interface connection. These drives had one to three 2.1 GB platters, and were produced in capacities of 2.1 GB, 4.3 GB and 6.4 GB. Their access time was advertised as being "as low as 12ms," and they had 128 KB of cache. The suggested retail prices were $224, $310 and $395, respectively. The largest drive of the CY series could transfer about 6 MB/sec from the platters when tested with  in Linux.

Quantum Bigfoot TX
The third series of Bigfoot drives was known as the Quantum Bigfoot TX series. This series increased the drives' spindle speed to 4,000 RPM and upgraded their interface capabilities to ATA-66. These drives carried the higher capacities of 4 GB, 6 GB, 8 GB and 12 GB. Like the CY series, access time was advertised as under 12 ms. The 12 GB model is noteworthy for being the first hard drive to attain a capacity in the double digits of gigabytes. Quantum claimed that these drives could outperform many of the 3.5-inch drives on the market at the time.

Quantum Bigfoot TS
The fourth and final series of Quantum Bigfoot drives produced was the Bigfoot TS series. This series retained the spindle speed and interface speed of its predecessor. The main performance enhancement was a reduction in access time, to "less than 10.5 ms." It was produced in capacities of 6.4 GB, 8.4 GB, 10.0 GB, 12.7 GB and 19.2 GB.

With this series, Quantum again claimed to have the highest capacity on the market with its 19.2 GB model. These drives had a new "shock protection system" designed to make the drives more resilient to physical shock, which Quantum called "one of the leading killers of disk drives." StorageReview found that this series was significantly faster than the TX series, though not as fast as most 3.5-inch drives available at the time. They also found it to be significantly louder than the TX series during use.

title: Quantum Bigfoot


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Lords of Conquest

Lords of Conquest is a strategy video game published in 1986 by Electronic Arts. It is based on the 1982 board game Borderlands by Eon Productions and developed by Eon's software division. It was marketed with the slogan "Better than Risk!"

The game was programmed for the Apple II in Forth and assembly language by Ted Schmeckpeper and Trevor Western, in collaboration with the designers of the board game: Bill Eberle, Jack Kittredge, and Peter Olotka. It was released for the Apple II as well as ports to the Commodore 64, Atari 8-bit computers, Atari ST, and MS-DOS. Ted Schmeckpeper died in 2019 at the age of 74.

Gameplay

The game is a contest between two and seven players, of which any number may be human or computer players. Each player is given a specific color, which matches their territories. Computer players can be selected to be Aggressive, Defensive, or Passive in their style of play. The human player(s) then must select how random the odds of an attack are, the amount of resources in the game, and the amount of land vs. water. Additionally, the Victory Conditions are also chosen; of which is the building of three to eight cities. Territories are then selected one at a time amongst the players, until all are selected or a remainder is left that is at least one less than the number of players, which are left black.

After territory selection, the game then moves on to the Production phase, where all the resources per player are tallied and "put" into the stockpile. There is a 25% chance for the Production phase to be skipped on any turn. If it is the first turn, players then place their stockpiles in a territory. Next comes Trade, where players may trade any resources they have for resources they wish. All five resources may be traded, but note that horses must have a territory to "land on" to be accepted. The next phase is Shipment, where the stockpile may be moved. Alternatively, a horse, weapon, or boat may be moved. Note that you may ship a weapon with a horse, or a weapon and/or horse with a boat! There is a 25% chance for the Shipment phase to be skipped on any turn. The fifth phase is Conquest, where you may make up to two attacks on any valid territory. The final phase is Development, where you may buy cities, weapons, or boats.

Resources and units
After the final territory is selected, the players place stockpiles on the map. The stockpile may be moved once a turn if there is a transport phase, or instead of attacking another player. The stockpile holds all of a player's resources, and if the territory it is located in is taken, those resources are forfeited to the attacking player.

There are five kinds of resources: coal, gold, iron, timber, and horses. Control of each territory with a resource at the beginning of the turn yields one unit of the resource into the stockpile. At the end of the turn boats, cities, or weapons may be purchased.

During combat, the offensive and defensive odds are computed by taking the sum of all territories that touch the territory in question. Therefore, if a defending territory is touched by only one other territory of the same color and three of the attacking player, the offensive:defensive strength is 3:2, meaning the attack will succeed. Other factors can change the combat strengths of the opposing forces, including:

 * Boats - Boats have a strength of 2 each. During an attack, Boats may carry one horse and/or one weapon, for a maximum increase in strength of 6. For defensive purposes, each Boat raises the territory defense by 2. A Boat costs 3 wood (or 3 Gold) to build, and there may be multiple boats in a territory, one per piece of coastline the territory possesses. Boats have no movement point limits, but they can't cross land to enter other bodies of water or dock at territories with no open coast tiles.
 * Cities - Cities are the key to the game. Besides quantifying victory, Cities double the production of all resources in the territory they are built OR are touching, except Horses. Cities add 2 to the owner's strength. A City costs a Coal, a Gold, an Iron, & a Tree (OR 4 Gold) to build, and there may be only one City per territory.
 * Horses - Horses are unique among the resources as they are not a stockpiled good, but rather expand on the map. A Horse is produced in the territory that has the herd icon, or in an adjoining territory. A Horse adds 1 to combat strength, and there may be only one Horse per territory. A horse may move up to 2 spaces to participate in an attack, and may carry a weapon with it or pick one up along the way, giving a maximum strength bonus of 4.
 * Weapons - Weapons are bought like Boats or Cities. A weapon adds 3 to the strength of a territory. A weapon costs a Coal and an Iron (or 2 Gold) to build, and there may be only one weapon per territory. Weapons have a move of 1.

Conquest and victory
In combat, the side with the highest strength wins; that is, one only needs to outnumber the opponent. The resolution of ties depends on a setting at the beginning of the game. High odds means the attacker wins ties, low odds means the defender wins ties, and Random means there is a 50:50 chance of either side winning.

When initiating an attack, it is possible to bring in up to one unit from another territory. If this unit is adjacent to the territory being attacked, there is no bonus; the unit is already part of the combat strength. (Exception: Boats don't add into an attack unless they're brought into the attack.) If the unit brought in is NOT from an adjacent territory, its strength will be added AND, upon successful conquest, will be placed in the territory.

A Horse is capable of bringing along a Weapon, giving a boost of 1 or 4 to combat strength. A horse can also pick up a weapon from a territory it is traveling through or its origin, but if such a Weapon is taken from an adjacent territory, the only gain will be 1 for the Horse (assuming it wasn't also adjacent) and having the units in place in the territory after the attack is resolved (assuming the attacker wins). A Boat can bring a Horse and/or a Weapon, giving up to 6 additional points of strength, assuming the Horse and Weapon weren't from an adjacent territory. Boats can travel anywhere along a given body of water, making them very powerful. Boats cannot pick up other units en route like the Horse can. Boats MUST be able to reach a coastal tile of the target territory; if all coastals tiles are blocked by other Boats (even Boats in adjacent territories occupying the wrong tile), the Boat cannot be used in the attack.

Only one of a given land unit can occupy a territory. It is possible to capture enemy units if a player doesn't bring his own in. Boats are special in that you can have more than one Boat on a territory.

Each player may attack twice in any one round. If a player chooses to move his stockpile on the first attack, he loses the second. Likewise, if the first attack fails, the second is also lost.

Additionally, other players adjacent to the defending territory may choose to side with the offense or the defense and throw in their combat strength to that side.

The game is over when one side builds the number of cities listed as the victory condition, or when all territories have been taken over by a single player. Note that if more than one player exceeds the number of cities required for victory, the game continues until one side falls under that number.

Reception
Compute!'s Gazette called Lords of Conquest "a classic strategy game ... highly enjoyable". Computer Gaming World in 1986 stated that it might be too simple for veteran wargamers, but "offers a quick and pleasant break from complex simulations" and was good for newcomers. In 1990 the magazine gave the game four-plus stars out of five, calling it "a classic wargame ... easy to learn and play" but cautioning that the 16-bit versions did not use their computers' power. In 1993 the magazine gave it three-plus stars.

GameSpy awarded Lords of Conquest a retrospective "Gotcha" award as one of the top games of its era.

Reviews

 * Jeux & Stratégie #52

title: Lords of Conquest


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Ed Hochuli

Edward G. Hochuli (born December 25, 1950) is an American retired attorney and former American football official. He served as an attorney at Jones, Skelton & Hochuli, P.L.C. from 1983 to 2021, and was an official in the National Football League (NFL) from 1990 to 2017; his uniform number was 85. Before becoming a football official, he played college football for four seasons at the University of Texas at El Paso (UTEP).

Hochuli worked numerous playoff games including two Super Bowls. He is best known for his athletic/muscular physique (height: 6 ft; weight: 230 lb ), and for explaining on-field rulings in a manner that is comprehensive yet also clear and concise. In a poll conducted by ESPN in 2008, Hochuli tied fellow referee Mike Carey for "best referee" votes (eight each) among NFL head coaches. In his 28th season in the league and 26th as a referee (crew chief) with the 2017 NFL season, Hochuli's officiating crew consisted of umpire Shawn Smith, down judge Greg Bradley, line judge Rusty Baynes, field judge Dale Shaw, side judge Alex Kemp, and back judge Scott Helverson.

After the retirements of Gerald Austin and Larry Nemmers following the 2007 season, Hochuli became the NFL's longest-tenured referee for the next decade. He announced his own retirement in March 2018. In 2019, his son Shawn Hochuli—previously a referee in the Arena Football League and a back judge in the NFL—was promoted to referee.

Early life
Hochuli was born on December 25, 1950, in Milwaukee living there until age eight before his family moved to Tucson, Arizona. He was the second child of six. He went to Canyon del Oro High School in the Tucson suburb of Oro Valley, Arizona, graduating in 1969. During his high school years, he participated in football (earning all-state honors twice), basketball, wrestling, and track. He attributes his competitive nature to having an older brother, Chip Hochuli. Ed Hochuli told Referee in a 2004 interview, "I was somebody who wanted to be good and I wanted my brother to be proud of me, and I wanted my parents to be proud of me." He earned a Bachelor of Arts degree with honors from the University of Texas at El Paso in 1972. While studying at UTEP, Hochuli played linebacker on the school's football team from 1969 to 1972. As a football player he earned All-Western Athletic Conference academic honors in 1972. His father, Walter Hochuli, was involved with law as a wills and estate planner, which influenced Ed Hochuli to pursue a career in law. He earned his Juris Doctor from the University of Arizona Law School in 1976. While in law school, Hochuli served as a law clerk for two years under United States District Judge Carl Muecke. After completing his education Hochuli was admitted to the State Bar of Arizona.

Family
Hochuli resides in the Phoenix metropolitan area with his wife Cathie. They have six children and 10 grandchildren. Shawn Hochuli is one of his sons and played college football at Pitzer College. Shawn joined his father's profession as an official, working as a side judge in his first NFL season in 2014. Shawn Hochuli also worked in Arena Football League and arenafootball2 games. On August 13, 2011, a day after his father refereed a preseason game between the New England Patriots and Jacksonville Jaguars, Shawn was the head referee for ArenaBowl XXIV between the Jacksonville Sharks and Arizona Rattlers. Scott Hochuli, another of Ed Hochuli's sons, owns Hochuli Design & Remodeling Team which is a company in the Phoenix area that specializes in residential design and construction. He is married to Lorrie Hochuli and they have two daughters: Devan and Ryann. Scott Hochuli's brother, Daniel Hochuli, is the town attorney for Sahuarita, Arizona, and his brother Peter is a judge at the Pima County Juvenile Court in Tucson.

Attorney
Hochuli was a trial lawyer and a partner in the Arizona law firm of Jones, Skelton and Hochuli, P.L.C., having been a part of the firm since it was founded in 1983 to his retirement. The firm began with five partners and seven associates and has expanded to over 80 attorneys. He specializes in civil litigation in the areas of bad faith and extra-contractual liability, complex litigation, insurance coverage and fraud, legal malpractice and professional liability, product liability defense, trucking and transportation industry defense, and wrongful death and personal injury defense. He claims to be involved in 200 cases at any time. Hochuli finds interest in trying cases, calling it an "adrenaline rush" adding, "You love that challenge–the competition, if you will–of it. It's a game. It's obviously a very important game to people, and I don't mean to diminish the importance of it... You have to follow these rules, and there's a win-or-lose outcome. You're on a stage."

He is admitted to practice in Arizona state and federal courts and the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit. His recognition as an attorney includes being named Best Lawyers in America since 2003 and Southwest Super Lawyers in 2007. Super Lawyers includes only the top five percent of lawyers in a state based on point totals, as chosen by peers and through independent research by Law & Politics.

Comparing his law and officiating professions, he says "A trial is nothing, pressure-wise, compared to the NFL… I have that long [snaps his fingers] to make a decision with a million people watching and second-guessing (by video) in slow-motion. You've got to be right or wrong. I love the satisfaction when you are right — and the agony when you are wrong." He finds similarities between the football field and courtroom saying, "On the football field, people like that I'm in charge and know what I'm doing, but a lot of the time, it's just appearance. I'm going to sell you on my decision. It's the same in the courtroom. You don't stand in front of a jury and say, 'I think my client is innocent.' You say, 'We're right!'"

Early years
Hochuli began officiating Pop Warner football games as a law student to earn additional income, which was suggested by one of his former high school coaches as "a way to stay in touch with the game". His interest in officiating carried over into baseball where he was a Little League Baseball umpire from 1970 to 1973. Progressing to the high school level in 1973, he focused on football, and officiated games in the Tucson area until 1985. In addition to high school officiating, he worked college football games for the Big Sky Conference and Pacific-10 Conference as a line judge during the 1980s.

NFL career
Hochuli was hired by the NFL in 1990 as a back judge after applying to the league before the 1989 NFL season. His first game in the league was on August 11, 1990, at Lambeau Field in Green Bay, Wisconsin. During his first two years in the league, he was assigned to the officiating crew headed by referee Howard Roe. To gain additional experience as a back judge and eventually a referee, Hochuli participated in the NFL's partnership with the World League of American Football (WLAF), a spring developmental league, in 1991 and 1992. Using his experience in the WLAF, as well as the organization, precision, and analytical skills he learned while working under Roe's guidance, Hochuli desired to become a crew chief in the NFL. He was promoted to referee in 1992 when longtime referee Stan Kemp was diagnosed with Lou Gehrig's disease and forced to retire. Hochuli had worked a pre-season game that year in Tokyo, Japan, as a back judge when he received a telephone call following the game from then-Senior Director of Officiating, Jerry Seeman. Seeman asked Hochuli to work as referee for the first time when the Denver Broncos hosted the Cincinnati Bengals in a pre-season game.

Since becoming a referee, Hochuli headed the officiating crews for Super Bowl XXXII and Super Bowl XXXVIII, and he was selected as an alternate for Super Bowl XXXI, Super Bowl XXXVII, and Super Bowl XXXIX. In addition to working two Super Bowls, he has officiated five conference championship games as of the start of the 2007 NFL season. Every officiating game performance is graded by the league each week. These grades determine which officials are assigned playoff games, as well as the Super Bowl. Hochuli credits his mentor, Jerry Markbreit, a four-time Super Bowl referee, as the greatest influence on his career.

In his second year as referee, he worked the 1993 Thanksgiving Day game between the Dallas Cowboys and Miami Dolphins in Irving, Texas. During the final moments of the game, Miami placekicker Pete Stoyanovich had a field goal attempt blocked. The Cowboys' Leon Lett inadvertently touched the loose ball before the Dolphins' Jeff Dellenbach pounced on it. At the time, Hochuli had "no idea" what happened during the play and had to confer with three other officials to piece together the sequence of events. With the information gathered from the officials, he ruled that Miami retained possession of the football. Stoyanovich booted the ensuing winning field goal for the Miami win.

Hochuli was a referee for the 1999 AFC Divisional Playoff game between the Miami Dolphins and Jacksonville Jaguars; it was the final game for quarterback Dan Marino and coach Jimmy Johnson as the Jaguars won 62–7.

Hochuli was a referee in the 2003 Divisional Playoff game between the Packers and the Eagles.

On October 2, 2005, he officiated the first regular-season NFL game played outside the United States when the Arizona Cardinals played the San Francisco 49ers in Mexico City, Mexico as part of the league's "Fútbol Americano" marketing campaign. On the first penalty announcement of the game, Hochuli gave the explanation in Spanish to pay respect to the host city and country.

Jeff Bergman joined Hochuli for the wild card bout between the San Diego Chargers and New York Jets on January 8, 2005.

Hochuli officiated the first regular season game at University of Phoenix Stadium on September 10, 2006, when the Cardinals hosted the 49ers.

He was the referee for the game between the Detroit Lions and Green Bay Packers, played December 17, 2006, that included Green Bay quarterback Brett Favre becoming the all-time leader for pass completions among quarterbacks in the NFL. Favre was unaware that his 4,968 pass completions were a record until he was informed during the game by Hochuli. Hochuli was the referee again for another Favre record-breaking moment when Favre threw his 421st touchdown pass of his career on September 30, 2007, at the Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome in Minneapolis, Minnesota to break the record previously held by Dan Marino. He also reffed the Week 17 game in 2008 in which the Lions became the first of two NFL teams so far to go 0–16 in a season, with the other being the 2017 Browns.

One of Hochuli's notable explanations came during a 2007 regular season game between the San Diego Chargers and New England Patriots. While nullifying a holding infraction, he announced through his microphone, "There was no foul on the play. It was not a hold. The defender was just overpowered."

On September 14, 2008, Hochuli officiated a game between the San Diego Chargers and the Denver Broncos. He made an incorrect call with 1:17 left in the game, while Denver was in possession of the ball at the San Diego one-yard line and they were trailing the Chargers by seven points. On a second-down play, Denver quarterback Jay Cutler fumbled the ball, and it was recovered by San Diego linebacker Tim Dobbins. Ed Hochuli blew his whistle during the play, signaling that the play was dead and ruling an incomplete pass. Hochuli later wrote, "Affecting the outcome of a game is a devastating feeling. Officials strive for perfection – I failed miserably." The NFL passed a rule the following offseason allowing such plays to be reviewable under the instant replay rule for the 2009 NFL season. Speaking to Referee in November 2009, Hochuli told the magazine, "It was really an easy play. I’ve thought many times why I did what I did. The best explanation is it was almost like dyslexia. I realized it was a fumble and did the wrong thing. I realized I was wrong but there was nothing I could do about it."

2001 officials' strike
Hochuli has served as the head of the NFL Referees Association, the union which represents NFL game officials. The union was responsible for negotiating a new contract for the officials prior to the 2001 NFL season. At the time, salaries ranged from a first-year official earning US$1,431 a game to a veteran official with twenty years of experience making $4,330 a game. Officials were looking for a 400 percent increase in salary while the league was offering just 40 percent. During the negotiations Hochuli believed the issue in finding a resolution was to convince the league that officials are full-time employees.

At the start of the season, officials had rejected a league offer of a 60 percent immediate increase in salary, followed by an 85 percent salary increase in 2002, and a 100 percent increase in 2003. For the first time in league history, replacement officials were used during the regular season. Hochuli had distributed an e-mail to 1,200 potential replacement officials warning them that "Working as a scab will actually hurt and likely kill any chances you would have of ever getting into the NFL." He later regretted sending the letter to college football officials across the United States. The stalemate between the union and the league ended on September 19, 2001, when officials agreed to a six-year deal from the league with an immediate increase in salary of 50 percent with a raise each year. Officials had been locked out since the final week of pre-season games that year and returned to work on September 23, 2001, when the league resumed games following the September 11, 2001 attacks.

Celebrity
Hochuli's presence on the football field created a cult following. His rise in popularity is believed to have been started by Phil Simms, a former NFL quarterback and then color commentator for the NFL on CBS, who made reference to the size of Hochuli's arms during a telecast. There are internet websites that sell Hochuli merchandise as well as blogs with his namesake. He is often affectionately referred to as "Hochules", a portmanteau of his last name and "Hercules", in homage to his large biceps. While he is aware of his celebrity status, Hochuli does not understand it. He said in a USA Today interview, "I get a kick out of the notoriety, because I'm just a referee. I'm not the players. The players are the game. They're what this is all about. I get notoriety because I explain things, and I get notoriety because I have a decent physique, which is funny because I'm a shrimp, a peewee compared to those players. Neither one of those things has anything to do with whether I'm a good referee."

His recognition extends to the streets, in airports, and in the courtroom. He has been approached by notable athletes such as former National Basketball Association (NBA) player Charles Barkley at the airport. "It never ceases to amaze me," Hochuli told the Arizona Daily Star. "The number of people that will just come up to me and recognize me." He appreciates the attention, saying, "I enjoy the fact that there are people who like me as a referee. I hear from a lot of people and I enjoy that. Like anybody, I like praise. Probably because of my personality, I thrive on that more than other people."

Hochuli's career as an NFL official has been chronicled on the NFL Network's Six Days to Sunday in 2005. The half-hour television program detailed the game preparations that Hochuli went through from Monday to Saturday during the season. The preparation work includes fifteen hours of video tape game review, a "couple hours" completing administrative tasks for the NFL, reading the rulebook, taking a weekly written exam on rules, and communicating with league supervisors.

Hochuli's celebrity status off the field includes being mentioned on the "Top Ten List" during the edition of January 29, 2002 of the Late Show with David Letterman. His likeness appears in the Madden NFL video game franchise beginning with Madden NFL 06. He appeared on the cover of the October 8, 2012 issue of Sports Illustrated. In 2015, he became the subject of "Fallacy Ref", a series of Internet memes about logical fallacies.

title: Ed Hochuli


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Elise Harp

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete. (one probable troll vote and one anon vote discounted) Rossami (talk) 02:16, 3 September 2005 (UTC)

Elise Harp
Non-notable "model and actress" known for painting an ad on her pregnant belly. 190 unique Google hits, her website gets an alexa ranking of 1,139,850. Zoe 05:27, August 26, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Model and actress known for painting an ad on her pregnant belly. Trollderella 06:49, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * And that's an encyclopedic article how? Zoe 06:57, August 26, 2005 (UTC)
 * It's factual, and verifiable. Trollderella 07:05, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * So are a lot of things that aren't notable and aren't encyclopedic. --Charles O'Rourke 07:07, August 26, 2005 (UTC)
 * That may be so, but 'notable' and 'encyclopedic' are not deletion criteria. Trollderella 07:14, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * You keep claiming that that is somehow a keep criterion, when it is not. Where does the deletion policy say that everything that ever existed in the world which is factual and verifiable is a candidate for keeping?
 * I am not, there is no 'keep criteria' as far as I can see. If it does not meet the criteria for deletion, I do not see the issue with my voting to keep it. Trollderella 07:14, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Trollderella, as I said yesterday on a different VfD, notability as an inclusion critereon is clearly inferred from the following section to the Wikipedia policy WP:NOT: "Wikipedia is not an indiscriminate collection of items of information. That something is 100% true does not mean it is suitable for inclusion in an encyclopedia.". If I own a cat, and take a picture of that cat, then I could make a factual and verifiable article entitled I have a cat, and you would vote keep for it because it is both factual (one can look at the picture in the article) and verifiable (if you don't believe the picture, you can come to my house and the cat will be there). Your inclusion criteria makes does not take into account whether a subject is encyclopedic or not. Fernando Rizo T/C 07:53, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * "verifiable" means "verifiable without doing original research", unlike the case of your cat. Kappa 10:19, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Yes, Fernando, WP:NOT is not deletion policy, and I am choosing to try dilligently to assess articles against deletion policy. It may well be possible to find things in all kinds of bits of policy that depreciate one thing or another, that does not make them deletion policy. As Kappa points out, with your cat, you are doing original research, there is nothing to reference except your photo of your cat. Trollderella 15:25, 26 August 2005 (UTC) PS. I'm sure it's a wonderful cat - we could probably benefit from a picture of it on your userpage! ;)
 * It may not be deletion policy. But it is very basic Wikipedia policy like WP:NPA. It supersedes the Deletion criteria. - Mgm|(talk) 07:04, August 27, 2005 (UTC)
 * You'll forgive me for attempting to make a joke; apparently it failed. (Note to self: Kappa and Trollederella do not dig cat jokes). Outside of the specific cat example, I do believe my point still stands. Fernando Rizo T/C 16:46, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Perhaps, but I can't see how, you're constructing a strawman about a silly article that can't be verified without conducting original research, and trying to make the argument that articles that are referenced and do not need original research to verify are not valid because you might write one about your cat. Am I missing something? Trollderella 16:54, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Yes, you're missing a joke. Relax. I was trying to point out what I feel is a flaw in your reasoning by means of a light-hearted example. Fernando Rizo T/C 16:57, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * OK, sorry! I am sure it's a great cat! Trollderella 17:00, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * It's an entirely hypothetical cat. :p Now back to your regularly scheduled VfD. Fernando Rizo T/C 17:03, 26 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Question: Yes, Fernando, I totally agree, but why did she appear on the Today Show and The Insider if she's not notable? - Mgm|(talk) 09:45, August 26, 2005 (UTC)
 * Mgm: Fair question, but lots of flash-in-the-pan celebrities appear on the Today Show. Fernando Rizo T/C 16:46, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Non-notable. --Charles O'Rourke 07:03, August 26, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. "known for painting an ad on her pregnant belly" i.e. known. Kappa 10:04, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Weak keep, she's been on TV & stuff, and there's just about enough to justify an article, although emphasise to Trollderella that something being verifiable does not justify an encyclopaedia article in itself. Go read WP:NOT. Proto t c 10:08, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Weak delete. Not notable IMO. --GraemeL (talk) 10:21, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, she's had her fifteen minutes of fame but by the proverb so do we all. Radiant_ >|< 10:26, August 26, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete or Merge into GoldenPalace.com, who have done a string of strange ad placements. android  79  12:31, August 26, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. nn. -- DS1953 14:36, August 26, 2005 (UTC)
 * Weak delete. The ten-year rule: will people care about these accomplishments in ten years. Not terribly likely.--Scimitar parley 17:55, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Heck, nobody cares now. :)  Zoe 07:14, August 27, 2005 (UTC)
 * Weak keep as per User:Proto. Hall Monitor 18:01, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete per Zoe, etc... Dottore So 18:45, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Her most significant achievement is having a logo painted on her stomach, with ancillary TV appearances to maximise its subsequent exposure. This doesn't make her notable. Sliggy 21:16, August 26, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Not notable. --Carnildo 22:20, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Who cares? Denni ☯ 23:55, 2005 August 26 (UTC)
 * Delete. Gamaliel 07:08, 27 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Her 15 minutes are over. Wile E. Heresiarch 17:35, 27 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Non-notable. *drew 23:04, 27 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Many people have become human billboards for goldenpalace.com.  That alone is not enough to meet WP:BIO requirements. Quale 14:52, 31 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Any tart who can generate this much argument over a scribble she's had done on her belly (pregnant or not) deserves an article,  if only to serve as a demonstration of the stupid things that people can find to argue about.  212.101.64.4 14:57, 31 August 2005 (UTC)
 * keep please trollerella is right and this article is factual and verifiable Yuckfoo 17:25, 31 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete not encyclopedic in scope, content or notability. Hamster Sandwich 20:46, 31 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Fairly useless information, it seems like she's the one who wrote it about herself, for a singles page or something.
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.