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Picasso's African Period

Picasso's African Period, which lasted from 1906 to 1909, was the period when Pablo Picasso painted in a style which was strongly influenced by African sculpture, particularly traditional African masks and art of ancient Egypt, in addition to non-African influences including Iberian sculpture, and the art of Paul Cézanne and El Greco. This proto-Cubist period following Picasso's Blue Period and Rose Period has also been called the Negro Period, or Black Period. Picasso collected and drew inspiration from African art during this period, but also for many years after it.

Context and period
In the early 20th century, African artworks were being brought to Paris as a consequence of the expansion of the French empire into Sub-Saharan Africa. The press was abuzz with exaggerated stories of cannibalism and exotic tales about the African kingdom of Dahomey. The mistreatment of Africans in the Belgian Congo was exposed in Joseph Conrad's popular book Heart of Darkness. It was perhaps due to this climate that Picasso and other artists began looking towards African art for inspiration. Picasso's interest in African art was sparked partly by Henri Matisse who showed him a wooden Kongo-Vili figurine.

In May or June 1907, Picasso experienced a "revelation" while viewing African art at the ethnographic museum at the Palais du Trocadéro. Picasso's discovery of African art influenced aspects of his painting Les Demoiselles d'Avignon (completed in July of that year), especially in the treatment of the faces of two figures on right side of the composition. Although many modern art curators have attempted to match individual African masks with the faces of these figures, the African masks used in these examples have not always been accurate, and the artist took ideas from multiple works.

Picasso continued to develop a style derived from African, Egyptian, and Iberian art during the years prior to the start of the analytic cubism phase of his painting in 1910. Other works of Picasso's African Period include the Bust of a Woman (1907, in the National Gallery, Prague); Mother and Child (Summer 1907, Musée Picasso, Paris); Nude with Raised Arms (1907, Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum, Madrid, Spain); and Three Women (Summer 1908, Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg).

Controversy
In historical reflection, a few issues have been pointed out including questioning the origins of this genre of art for Picasso. Primitivism as an aesthetic was often used by Europeans borrowing from non-Western cultures. While it is clear Picasso was inspired heavily by aesthetics from cultures not his own, many art historians and critics have argued that this sort of borrowing was a modernist expression.

Art historian Kobena Mercer covers Picasso's Demoiselles d'Avignon in his book on black diasporic art titled Travel and See. He argues Picasso's stylistic change towards an African inspired aesthetic was individualistic and modern while minority artists receive little to no recognition for their work inspired by their own culture.

It could also be seen as problematic that in Demoiselles d'Avignon the women painted wearing African-like masks are meant to be prostitutes from Barcelona's red-light district. Picasso masks these white bodies in order to make their sexualization acceptable to a European audience. Picasso himself though said about painting "It's not an aesthetic process; it's a form of magic that interposes itself between us and the hostile universe, a means of seizing power by imposing a form on our terrors as well as on our desires." To him, these masks were a people's connection between themselves and the hostile universe he wanted his art to confront.

In February 2006, an exhibition titled "Picasso and Africa" showcasing Picasso's work from his African period as well as many African sculptures similar to ones he would have been inspired by where shown side by side in Johannesburg, South Africa at the Standard Bank Gallery. A curator involved in the exhibition, Marylin Martin quoted to an article for the Guardian "Picasso never copied African art, which is why this show does not match a specific African work with a Picasso", the goal of the exhibition was not to accuse Picasso of stealing but to show how he transcended it and created a new aesthetic combining his own and his inspiration.

title: Picasso's African Period


text:
Graeme Wood (cricketer)

Graeme Malcolm Wood (born 6 November 1956) is a former Australian cricketer who played in 59 Test matches and 83 One Day Internationals from 1978 to 1989. He scored nine Test centuries in his career, which was a record for a Western Australian until it was surpassed by Justin Langer.

Domestic career
In first-class cricket, Wood scored 13,353 runs, making 35 centuries and 61 half centuries. As the captain of Western Australia he led the team to victory in three Sheffield Shield finals and another in the limited overs competition.

In February 1978 Wood won Man of the Match in the Final of the Gilette Cup competition, his innings of 108 helping WA beat Tasmania.

He was dropped from the WA side at the beginning of the 1979-80 season. After three games he was recalled, making 350 runs at 43.75. Then he broke his hand and missed some more games. However he recovered to make 214 for Melville in the club semi finals and 112 in the grand fial.

World Series Cricket
His Test debut came against India as a 21-year-old in 1978. He got his place in the side due to several of Australia's best players defecting to World Series Cricket. Wood was selected for the fifth test against India and on the touring squad for the West Indies.

Wood kept his place in the Australian side for the 1978-79 Ashes.

In the second test, Wood scored 64 in the second innings. He was controversially given out by umpire Tom Brooks, who resigned from international cricket after the game.

In the third test, his first innings of 100 set up Australia's sole victory.

Wood was picked on the 1979 tour to India. He was dropped after the second test.

Post World Series Cricket
Wood lost his spot in the Western Australia team at the start of the 1979-80 season.

Wood was selected in the Australian side to tour England in August 1980. He was picked over Julian Wiener and Rick McCosker who had gone to Pakistan. Wood scored a century in the Centenary Test.

In 1980-81 Wood scored 98 not out in an ODI against India.

He maintained his place in the Australian cricket team for the majority of the early to mid-1980s. He was dropped after the disastrous Ashes tour of England in 1985.

After excellent domestic form Wood was recalled in 1988/89 for the Test series against the West Indies. Wood scored 111 and 42 in the second Test, but was dropped after the third Test. Overall his best innings seemed to be against the West Indies, and the Australian selectors always seemed to recall him when a series against them was close. But after 1988 he never appeared in the Test side again.

Other sports
Prior to making his Test debut in 1978, Wood played Australian rules football for the East Fremantle Football Club in the West Australian National Football League, playing 14 games between 1975 and 1977.

Administration
Wood held various management positions in Carlton & United Breweries and Treasury Wine Estates after his international career in cricket.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Graeme Wood (cricketer)


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Ashley Burns

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was no concensus. - Mailer Diablo 17:49, 26 August 2005 (UTC)

Ashley Burns
Essentially a memorial page, albeit one with some press attention. This is admittedly a close call, and the subject of some discussion at Recent Deaths, so consensus might as well be sought here. I'm indifferent, so I will abstainXoloz 16:38, 19 August 2005 (UTC) --Nicodemus75 20:03, 19 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. If there are five deaths in 22 years directly attributable to cheerleading, and this is one of them, I'm of the opinion that makes it notable. Tonywalton | Talk 17:13, 19 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Weak keep. I disagree that it is a memorial page: she is notable for how she died, and the article focuses on cheerleading, which led to her death. It doesn't tell us, for example, that she liked fluffy kittens and wanted to grow up to be a ballerina. Ground Zero 17:14, 19 August 2005 (UTC)
 * It is very sad; however, I have to say delete, I'm afraid. If dying while cheerleading is notable, it should have its own page.  Many, many wonderful people have died in unusual ways, performing sports, hobbies, etc.  Its a shame, but they can't all get a mention.Grayum 17:23, 19 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Sad but nn. Martg76 17:29, 19 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Non-notable. KeithD (talk) 17:33, 19 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment naturally I'll go with the consensus, but I would comment that it would be surprising if an article about a single incident comprising 20% of the deaths in any other activity were classed as non-notable Tonywalton | Talk 17:40, 19 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Sad, but not-notable. --GraemeL (talk) 18:09, 19 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. In reply to Tonywalton, all that proves is that the rate of death from cheerleading is fairly low, and/or that the number of people who participate in it is also fairly low. Most individual deaths are not notable, unless the person who died is notable before their death, with few exceptions. Meelar (talk) 18:23, August 19, 2005 (UTC)
 * Put Elsewhere. I tend to agree with Tonywalton on this. Cheerleading is a dangerous sport with the constant possibly for severe injury or death. Instead of giving it an entire page, could it be added to the cheerleading page already in existance? And then, other cases can be added as they occur, also. I think it's important to show that it's not just a bunch of girls shaking pom-poms for boys, but a sport where people can get hurt or die. Why not include it with cheerleading? K of slinky 20:15, 19 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Notable enough to make CNN, MSNBC, FOXNEWS and all 3 network broadcasts. Also, as per Tonywalton, this represents a significant event within the sport. Future deaths in Cheerleading are sure to refer back to this event.
 * Keep. Facts are important, not fame. Just because I haven't heard of a story doesn't mean I should automatically dismiss it as not being noteworthy. It's an encyclopedia, not a copy of US Weekly. Let's get as much factual information together as possible...just because it's not important to you doesn't mean it's not important to someone else. Vanity and advertising should be deleted everytime, but not factual news like this. BigGuy219 20:25, 19 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Verifiable, and made national news headlines, which creates notability. Wikipedia is not paper. -Satori 20:26, 19 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, freak cheerleading accidents are rare and notable.Gateman1997 20:40, 19 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Weak keep due to widespread media coverage surrounding this individual. Hall Monitor 22:42, 19 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep per Gateman1997.
 * Keep this, per Gateman. Trollderella 00:01, 20 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Weak keep; the only reason this caused a media flap is because of the somewhat amusing nature of the otherwise unfortunate story. That doesn't really make someone particularly notable, but the sheer amount of media attention here would seem to make up some of the difference. -Splash 00:09, 20 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Her name is already mentioned in the main cheerleading article.  The contents of her article should just fully be displayed in the main article.  Although her death may have been tragic, I don't think she is notable enough to warrant her own article. (Notorious4life 02:19, 20 August 2005 (UTC))
 * Delete. Sad but her name will barely be remembered in 6 months except by her family and friends. This belongs in Wikinews--Porturology 03:26, 20 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete or merge and redirect to some cheerleading article. No meed for a separate article on this girl. Uppland 05:32, 20 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. This is the kind of story that's in the news for a week or two and then fades from public interest. NN. MCB 07:05, 20 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, per WP:NOT--nixie 07:07, 20 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep for now. The test is if her name is used to push (or see attempts to push) changes in cheerleading organizations, the schools, and/or the law.  I suspect it might.  If it drops from the headlines, and no effect is left, it can be deleted later.  --rob 09:46, 20 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. As the original editor of the article I assert it is not a memorial page as has been suggested in the nomination for deletion.  I am an Australian.  I have never seen live cheerleading and would not participate in such an activity and would actively discourage my daughter from cheerleading.    I wrote the article when I became aware of the death and issues of notability on the Talk:Deaths_in_2005.  Before coming across the reference to her on that page I had never heard of her.  At that stage, just over a week over her death, a simple google search showed 464 hits.  Today, three days later, the same search shows 609 hits.  Her death, reports of the funeral, reports of the potential impact on cheerleading stunts has received national coverage being reported several times in the Washington Post, on CNN, in the Houston newspapers as well as local Massachussets papers.  It is my assessment that the threshhold of notability has been reached and that although there are limits to the Google test other articles have been kept with fewer hits.  I have referenced Ashely Burns's death in the Cheerleading article but I do not think it appropriate that the article be taken over by details of this incident.  As a passing observation on process I find it strange that the nominator of the VfD chose to abstain.  I also think as a matter of courtesy original editors of articles should be advised if an article into which they have obviously put more than a passing amount of effort were notified via their talk page of the deletion debate.  Because of subsequent edits to the article the nomination to VfD did not show up on my talk page and I nearly missed the debate.--AYArktos 10:17, 20 August 2005 (UTC)
 * I brought the matter to VfD having following the discussion on Recent Deaths (and wishing for the widest possible consensus), but I truly have no firm opinion, so I abstained, which is not uncommon.  I do not follow the practice of notifying contributors of VfD's on their creations, at least not when ample and capable defenses are otherwise provided by dispassionate parties.  Although I continue to abstain, I believe some would argue that the Google Test is less appropriate here, on the theory that this is a transient phenomenon, and not likely to be widely remembered after a short time has elapsed.  My suggestion that is a this memorial page follows from my belief that nothing is memorable about young Burns except her tragic death.  Any other details (about cheerleading hazards generally) would belong at cheerleading or, possibly, the odd-sounding cheerleading hazards.  On the other hand, I acknowledge that press makes one notable.  Hence, I am undecided, and abstain as above. Xoloz 17:32, 20 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep.  Grue   19:22, 20 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Non-notable. There are many people who've made a far bigger impact on humanity that don't have Wikipedia pages. This is really just a news bite. tooki 16:07, 21 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep it: Anything which points up what a stupid, pointless, exclusively American and, above all, dangerous "sport" cheerleading is must be kept as a warning to others. Sportsfan 00:52 22August 2005.
 * Keep. Clean it a little bit 'nuff said. LILVOKA 18:12, 22 August 2005.
 * I'd say Keep, but I'm from Massachusetts, so I might be a bit biased. Acetic Acid 05:28, August 23, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Yes, there was media coverage, but of the flash-in-the-pan variety. Friday (talk) 18:20, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * keep please wikipedia is not paper and people could look for this here Yuckfoo 19:24, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep for now - as another has said, this may lead to law or policy change in which case she is notable.   — PhilHibbs | talk 16:35, 24 August 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text: User talk:83.131.24.63

title: User talk:83.131.24.63


text:
Paulus Melissus

Paulus Melissus (also: Paul Melissus, Paul Schede, or Paulus Schedius Melissus; 20 December 1539 – 3 February 1602) was a humanist Neo-Latin writer, translator and composer.

Life
Melissus was born in Mellrichstadt. He studied and attended school in Zwickau from 1557 to 1559, and studied philology in Erfurt and Jena. From 1560 to 1564 he lived in Vienna, where in 1561 he became poet laureate. He stayed in Prague, Wittenberg and Leipzig, and was called to the court of the bishop of Würzburg and went on a campaign to Hungary with him.

He was an ambassador in the service of Emperor Maximilian II and Rudolf II, and traveled to France, Switzerland, Italy, and England and was ultimately director of the Electoral library (the Bibliotheca Palatina) in Heidelberg, where he died.

Melissus translated works of Clément Marot and Théodore de Bèze for the Huguenot church services in rhyme using the Psalms in German. He was the first to use the sonnet and the terza rima in German lyric. In his lifetime he was recognized as an author fully versed in Latin love poetry.

Works

 * Cantiones, poems (1566)
 * Psalmen Davids (1572)
 * Schediasmata, poems (1574)
 * Schediasmatum reliquiae, poems (1575)
 * Epigrammata (1580)
 * Odae Palatinae (1588)
 * Meletemata, poems (1595)

Literature

 * Fritz Roth, Restlose Auswertungen von Leichenpredigten für genealogische und kulturhistorische Zwecke. Bd. 5 R 4941
 * Wolfgang Klose: Das Wittenberger Gelehrtenstammbuch: das Stammbuch von Abraham Ulrich (1549-1577) und David Ulrich (1580-1623), Halle: Mitteldt. Verl., 1999, ISBN 3-932776-76-3
 * Fritz Roth, Restlose Auswertungen von Leichenpredigten für genealogische und kulturhistorische Zwecke. Bd. 5 R 4941
 * Wolfgang Klose: Das Wittenberger Gelehrtenstammbuch: das Stammbuch von Abraham Ulrich (1549-1577) und David Ulrich (1580-1623), Halle: Mitteldt. Verl., 1999, ISBN 3-932776-76-3

title: Paulus Melissus


text:
Pleasant Rowland

Pleasant T. Rowland (born Pleasant Williams Thiele; March 8, 1941) is an American educator, reporter, writer, entrepreneur and philanthropist. Rowland is best known for creating the American Girl brand.

Pleasant Rowland is also notable for her philanthropic work in the arts in Madison, Wisconsin and her efforts to redevelop historic properties in Aurora, New York.

Early life and education
Rowland was born in Chicago and grew up in Bannockburn, a suburb north of Chicago. She is the oldest of three sisters and a brother. Her sister, Barbara Whitney Carr, was the former president and CEO of the Chicago Botanic Gardens from 1995 to 2007. Her father was Edward M. Thiele, a Chicago advertising executive who was president of the Leo Burnett ad agency from 1961 to 1971.

After graduating from Wells College in 1962, Rowland began teaching second-grade students at Mattapan Elementary in Massachusetts. From 1962 to 1968, she continued to work as a schoolteacher in several states. She was an on-air reporter and anchor for KGO-TV, the San Francisco ABC affiliate, from 1968 to 1971.

While on assignment, Rowland met a representative of Boston Educational Research, an educational publishing company. She left the news industry to work as director of product development at the publishing company. She was involved in writing and publishing children's textbooks in Boston, Massachusetts from 1971 to 1978. Rowland also published the Children's Magazine Guide.

Rowland created a comprehensive language-arts program called Beginning to Read, Write, and Listen. The program was informally known as the "letterbooks" and designed for kindergarten and first-grade students. "Based on [Beginning to Read, Write, and Listen's] success, Addison-Wesley, another school publisher, approached me about writing a basal reading and language arts program,” Rowland explained. Rowland developed the Addison-Wesley Reading Program until the project was shelved in 1981.

Rowland met her future husband, W. Jerome "Jerry" Frautschi, in Madison in November 1976. Rowland was in town for a press check on the first printing of her language-arts program at Webcrafters, a family-owned printing firm. Jerry's brother, John Frautschi, succeeded their father as president of Webcrafter in 1970. (Webcrafters was later purchased by the CJK Group, Inc., in 2017.) During her business visit to Webcrafters, Frautschi served as Rowland's sales representative. Rowland and Frautschi were married in May 1977.

Pleasant Company and American Girl
In 1986, Rowland founded Pleasant Company to manufacture American Girl dolls. She had saved $1.2 million from textbook royalties and invested the majority of those savings into the project. The American Girl product line aimed to teach aspects of American history through a six-book series from the perspective of a girl living in that period. The company would go on to produce dolls, books, and historically accurate accessories (now known as the Historical Characters.) Rowland described the American Girl dolls as "chocolate cake with vitamins": incorporating imagination, play, and history.

According to several interviews, Pleasant Rowland was inspired to create the American Girls Collection during a vacation in Colonial Williamsburg in 1984. “I remember sitting on a bench in the shade, reflecting on what a poor job schools do of teaching history, and how sad it was that more kids couldn't visit this fabulous classroom of living history," Rowland said. "Was there some way I could bring history alive for them, the way Williamsburg had for me?” Rowland would also recall being struck by the project as the vision of financier and philanthropist John D. Rockefeller Jr., who helped finance the 18th-century historical reconstruction.

Rowland worked with Valerie Tripp, a close friend and colleague from Addison-Wesley, to develop characters for the first line of dolls. Each character represented a different period of American history. The first three characters were Kirsten Larson, a Swedish immigrant who settled with her extended family in the 1850s Minnesota Territory; Samantha Parkington from the Progressive Era; and Molly McIntire, a character living during World War II. Initially, the dolls and their accessories were only available via mail-order catalog. The first manufacturing and distribution center was in a warehouse in Madison, Wisconsin, later moving their corporate offices to Middleton, Wisconsin. In the first two years of Pleasant Company, sales grew from $1.7 million to $7.6 million worth of product. In the third year of operations, Rowland was diagnosed with breast cancer. "I cut the ribbon on the new warehouse in the morning and went into the hospital that afternoon to have surgery," Rowland said. "Throughout chemotherapy and radiation I never missed a day of work, and work is probably what saved me. Pleasant Company was on such a roll. I loved what I was doing, and after all my mind didn't have cancer. I just got through."

Pleasant Company eventually began to produce more dolls, starting in 1991 with Felicity Merriman: a 1770s girl living during the American Revolution in Williamsburg, Virginia. They continued to produce more books, clothing (for dolls and children), dollhouses, children's furniture, and more. Rowland described the American Girl novels as "[celebrating] family, hard work, honesty, courage, reliability and responsibility." The company began producing the American Girl magazine in 1992. In 2002, Rowland described her belief in the importance of the whole package (of dolls, books, and accessories):"I knew there was magic in the American Girl concept, but it was in the whole idea, not just part. I knew the books had to have stories so good that the reader would identify with and fall in love with the character. If she loved the character, she would want the doll. If she had the doll, she would want the clothes and accessories to play out the stories. If she played out the stories, she would want more books. So nothing could disappoint. The product had to be right, down to the tiniest detail."According to Rowland, Pleasant Company was interested in "multiethnic representation in the product line" but hoped to become established financially before producing non-white dolls for their target customers. In 1993, the first African-American doll (Addy Walker) was introduced into the American Girls Collection after extensive work with a seven-person advisory panel of African-American scholars. “We could have pushed the diversity button sooner,” Rowland said in an interview with the Los Angeles Times. “If I got hit by a truck tomorrow, I could die knowing that we made toy history. We made a black doll an object of status and desire for white children.”

Addy's story follows her eventual escape from slavery in North Carolina to Philadelphia with her mother during the American Civil War. The development of the Addy doll was deliberate and, at times, contentious. To balance the fine lines between marketability, historical accuracy, and cultural sensitivity, Rowland and the board had extensive discussions about the appearance of the doll and her accompanying story with the author, Connie Porter, and the advisory panel. Melodye Rosales, the illustrator for the first three Addy Walker American Girl books, described her relationship with Pleasant Company and Rowland as confrontational. Rosales claimed that "she was removed from the project because Pleasant Company wanted her to make the characters and their surroundings look more pleasant than they would have in reality." Rowland has described Rosales' dismissal as "a labor issue that cannot be discussed." The first specialized American Girl retail store opened in Chicago in 1998. Rowland later recalled: "The last important piece of the original business plan came into being with the building of American Girl Place... This would be the American Girl mecca, an extremely special environment with a store, a theater, a museum, and a restaurant."

In the summer of 1998, Rowland sold Pleasant Company (now American Girl) to Mattel Inc. for $700 million. As a result of the transaction, Mattel appointed Rowland as vice chairman of Mattel's board. In July 2000, Rowland retired as a Mattel board member and as president of American Girl.

Other ventures
In 2001, Rowland purchased bankrupt retailer MacKenzie-Childs, based in Aurora, NY. After Rowland restructured the company's management team in 2006, MacKenzie-Childs became profitable. In 2008, Rowland sold MacKenzie-Childs to the part owners of Twin Lakes Capital Lee Feldman and Howard Cohen.

To support research into early reading instruction, and update and distribute The Superkids Reading Program she developed at Addison-Wesley, Rowland founded the nonprofit Rowland Reading Foundation in 2003. The reading program was purchased by education publisher Zaner-Bloser in 2015 and continues to be used in thousands of classrooms across the U.S.

On September 22, 2010, Rowland received an Honorary Doctoral Degree of Humane Letters from Edgewood College in Madison, Wisconsin. She has also received honorary degrees from the University of Wisconsin-Madison and University of Hartford.

Philanthropy
Rowland and her husband W. Jerome Frautschi are major philanthropists in Madison, Wisconsin. Frautschi and his family have been based in Madison since his grandfather, Swiss immigrant Christian Frautschi, came to Madison in the 1860s.

Restoration of Historic Properties in Aurora, New York
In 2001, Pleasant Rowland partnered with her alma mater, Wells College, and founded the Aurora Foundation to manage and renovate various college-owned buildings and businesses in Aurora such as the Aurora Inn and E.B. Morgan House. The Aurora Inn, built in 1833 by the co-founder of The New York Times, is part of the Aurora Village–Wells College Historic District and was deeded to Wells College in 1943.

There was mixed reception of Rowland's restoration and revitalization project. Wells' vice president of communications noted an increase in enrollment and recruitment of new faculty to Wells College, in addition to major structural improvements. Other residents of Aurora and alumnae of Wells College objected to the historical accuracy of the improvements and expressed concerns that these changes were not reflective of the community or intended for the people living in the town, but rather to encourage a wealthier clientele for tourism. Critics started a non-profit organization called the Aurora Coalition to "support historic integrity and economic autonomy."

In opposition to these changes, the Aurora Coalition launched a lawsuit to stop the renovation of the Aurora Inn and the demolition of a neighboring grocery. The National Trust for Historic Preservation and the Preservation League of New York state joined the suit because of concerns that local government was not paying enough attention to state laws requiring thorough review of projects in historic districts. The New York State Supreme Court ruled against the Aurora Coalition and allowed the renovation of the Aurora Inn to proceed. The Appeals Court allowed the lower court's decision to stand.

The Aurora Foundation redeveloped the inn for lodging, dining, and events and completed renovations in 2003. During her speech at the ribbon-cutting ceremony, Rowland remarked on how Wells College and the surrounding village were "reminders of the values and traditions of another, more tender time." Rowland donated $40 million to Wells College to revitalize Aurora’s downtown district and reverse declining enrollment. In press accounts, Rowland expressed her vision of enhancing the historic character and attractiveness of the community and improving the local economy. The Aurora Coalition commented on Rowland's changes to the town on their website:"Rowland promised to collaborate with the community to promote economic growth. Six years later, her promise is unfilled and Rowland remains inaccessible and unresponsive. Locally owned [businesses] were evicted. Few new jobs went to locals. Most LLC employment is part-time or seasonal. ...Our local government failed to require Environmental Impact Studies or Section 106 Reviews for her projects, and many negative results arose from her segmented development: destruction of historic architecture, devastation of archeological sites, loss of public recreational space, elimination of local businesses, loss of parking space, development of dangerous traffic patterns, obliteration of local gathering places, corrosion of community identity, etc."In January 2006, local supporters threw a thank you party for Rowland in recognition and appreciation of her contributions to the town of Aurora. "In my heart I knew you were all there," Rowland said. “I just didn't know you were so many.”

As of 2018, Rowland and the Aurora Foundation have restored 15 buildings in the village of Aurora.

Other gifts and contributions
Frautschi and Rowland started the Overture Foundation in 1996. With the sale of Pleasant Company to Mattel, Frautschi's retirement from Webcrafters, and the involvement of city planner George Austin, Frautschi and Rowland set out to help develop an arts district in Madison.

Pleasant Rowland and Jerry Frautschi gave multiple gifts totaling $205 million to cover the building costs of the Overture Center for the Arts, a performing arts center and art gallery, in 2004. (Frautschi is said to have financed the project with personal funds following the sale of his stock in American Girl.) As a privately funded project, these gifts enabled the Overture Center to be built with high-quality materials like travertine floors, custom-dyed carpeting, and historically accurate light fixtures. "The arts are for everybody," Rowland said. "It's one way of bridging all the gaps, and all the voids, and all the tensions in a community, and I think it's important that we make sure that it's available and accessible to everyone in this community."

Rowland supported the Chicago Botanic Gardens with a $5 million gift to establish Evening Island in 1999, the second largest of the Botanic Garden islands. She dedicated the gift and the project to her father, Edward Thiele. At the time, this donation was the largest private gift the Chicago Botanic Gardens had received.

In 2019, Pleasant T. Rowland pledged $20 million to build the Madison Youth Arts Center (MYArts) Opened in 2021, the MYArts building is intended to provide space for performing and visual youth arts groups. In a statement to Madison365, Pleasant Rowland shared: “[I hope] that Madison Youth Arts Center will give all children in our community the opportunity to engage in creative expression in a place that affirms their value, honors their voices, and reflects their dreams.”

In 2021, Rowland donated $10 million toward the construction of a new transplant clinic at UW Hospital. Rowland received a kidney transplant at the hospital in 2012. “I was blessed to live so close to a world-renowned transplant center," she said. “This is my gift to others who face the same challenges I did and to the world class transplant team at University Hospital."

Rowland also donated $1 million for Madison's Black Business Hub in 2021. In a press statement, Rowland wrote: “The disparity in access to entrepreneurial opportunity in Dane County is extreme, and unfortunately has been exacerbated by the pandemic,” Rowland wrote in a press statement. “I am inspired by the Urban League’s vision and pleased that our investment can help bring that vision to life.”

Awards and honors

 * Golden Plate Award of the American Academy of Achievement, 1999
 * The Jane Bradley Pettit Award for Distinction in Philanthropy, 2009
 * Wisconsin Business Hall of Fame, 2010
 * Wisconsin Governor's Award
 * Association of Educational Publishers’ Hall of Fame
 * 100 Women Wall of Honor, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Human Ecology

title: Pleasant Rowland


text:
Bentley, Alberta

Bentley is a town in central, Alberta, Canada within Lacombe County. It is located on Highway 12, approximately 28 km northwest of Red Deer.

History
The first settlers came from the U.S. in 1888-1890 and either walked or drove oxen from Lacombe, which was the closest railroad station at that time. Post office opened in 1901. The first church was built in 1890 by the Methodists, and a schoolhouse was built in 1903. Bentley was incorporated as a village on March 17, 1915.

A disastrous fire destroyed all buildings on the south side of the community in 1916. The centre roadway was made 36 m wide and new buildings could not be constructed inside that area. In 1930, a centre boulevard was constructed for fire protection and street lights installed.

Bentley was incorporated as a town on January 1, 2001.

Town name
Bentley was named in honour of George Bentley, an early homesteader and sawyer, however at the time it was a controversial choice. When Major William B. McPherson, a U.S. Civil War veteran, opened a post office, settlers preferred McPherson's name, but they were outnumbered by the sawmill employees, who wanted Bentley. Prior to 1915, a petition was formed regarding the naming of the village. The original names of Oxford and Springdale were turned down as these two names had been frequently used across Canada.

Demographics
In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, the Town of Bentley had a population of 1,042 living in 451 of its 471 total private dwellings, a change of NaN% from its 2016 population of 1,078. With a land area of 2.24 km2, it had a population density of in 2021.

In the 2016 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, the Town of Bentley recorded a population of 1,078 living in 441 of its 463 total private dwellings, a NaN% change from its 2011 population of 1,073. With a land area of 2.24 km2, it had a population density of in 2016.

Education
Bentley has one public school, Bentley School (Pre-K to grade 12), administered by Wolf Creek Public Schools.

Notable people

 * Clayton Beddoes, former NHL player with the Boston Bruins and ice hockey coach

title: Bentley, Alberta


text:
Satya (disambiguation)

Satya (nominative satyam) is a central concept in Indian religions that loosely translates into English as "Truth".

Satya, Sathya, Satyam or Sathyam may refer to:

Film and television

 * Satyam (1976 film), a Tamil language film, starring Sivaji Ganesan & Jayachitra
 * Sathyam (1980 film), a 1980 Malayalam film starring Sreenath and Shanthi Krishna
 * Sathya (1988 film), a 1988 Tamil language film, starring Kamal Haasan
 * Satya (1998 film), a 1998 Hindi film directed by Ram Gopal Varma, initiating his Gangster film series
 * Satya 2, a 2013 sequel to the 1998 film, fourth in the series overall
 * Satyam (2003 film), a 2003 Telugu film directed by Surya Kiran, starring Sumanth and Genelia D'Souza
 * Sathyam (2004 film), a 2004 Malayalam film starring Prithviraj and Priyamani
 * Satyam (2008 film), a Tamil language film
 * Sathya (2010 film), an Indian Kannada romance drama film
 * Sathya (2017 Tamil film), an Indian Tamil crime thriller
 * Satya (2017 film), an Indian Bhojpuri action-romance-drama
 * Sathya (2017 Malayalam film), an Indian Malayalam action thriller
 * Sathya (Tamil TV series), a 2019 Tamil soap opera
 * Sathya 2, a 2021 sequel to the 2019 Tamil soap opera
 * Sathya (Kannada TV series), a 2020 Kannada soap opera

Religion

 * Nagnajiti, a queen-consort of Hindu god Krishna
 * Sacca, Theravada Pali term
 * Satya Mahima Dharma, religious tradition in Hinduism in India
 * Satya Pir, belief system created by the fusion of Islam and local religions in Bengal
 * Satya Yuga, Era of Truth in Hinduism

Other

 * Satya (magazine), an American animal rights magazine
 * Satya Wacana Christian University, private university located in Salatiga, Central Java, Indonesia
 * Mahindra Satyam, a defunct Indian computer services company, formerly known as Satyam Computer Services

People with the surname

 * Habel Satya (born 1987), Indonesian footballer
 * Tatineni Satya, Indian film maker

People with the given name

 * Satya Narayana Charka, Indian-American dancer, teacher, and choreographer
 * Satya Pal Jain (born 1952), Indian politician from Punjab
 * Satya Krishnan, Indian actress
 * Satya Nadella (born 1967), Indian-American business executive, CEO of Microsoft
 * Satya Nandan, Fiji diplomat and lawyer
 * Satyam Patel (1932–2005), Indian social worker and activist
 * Satya Prabhakar (born 1963), Indian-American entrepreneur, engineer and writer
 * Satya Prakash (born 1929), Indian physicist
 * Sathya (Tamil actor), Indian Tamil actor
 * Satya (Telugu actor), Indian Telugu actor
 * Satyam (composer) (1933–1989), Indian film music composer
 * Satyam Rajesh, Indian Telugu actor and comedian
 * Satyam Sankaramanchi (1937–1987), Indian Telugu writer
 * Satya Sarkar, Indian cricketer
 * Satya Vrat Shastri (born 1930), Indian Sanskrit scholar, writer, grammarian and poet

title: Satya (disambiguation)


text:
Fujiwara no Tadahira

Fujiwara no Tadahira (藤原 忠平) was a Japanese statesman, courtier and politician during the Heian period. He is also known as Teishin-Kō (貞信公) or Ko-ichijō Dono (小一条殿) or Ko-ichijō daijō-daijin.

Career
Tadahira was a kuge (Japanese noble) who is credited with writing and publishing Engishiki. He is one of the principal editors responsible for the development of the Japanese legal code known as Sandai-kyaku-shiki, sometimes referred to as the Rules and Regulations of the Three Generations.

Tadahira served as regent under Emperor Suzaku who ruled from 930 to 946.

 * September 17, 914 (Engi 14, 25th day of the 8th month): Dainagon Tadahira was named udaijin.
 * October 16, 930 (Enchō 8, 22nd day of the 9th month): Tadahira was appointed sesshō.
 * September 7, 936 (Jōhei 6, 19th day of the 8th month):  He assumed the role of daijō-daijin.
 * February 16, 937 (Jōhei 7, 4th day of the 1st month): He presided over the coming of age ceremony of Emperor Suzaku.
 * November 29, 941 (Tengyō 4, 8th day of the 11th month): He became kampaku.

Genealogy
This member of the Fujiwara clan was the son of Mototsune. Tadahira's brothers were Fujiwara no Tokihira and Fujiwara no Nakahira. Emperor Suzaku and Emperor Murakami where the maternal nephews of Tadahira.

Tadahira took over the head of the Hokke branch of the Fujiwara clan in 909 when his elder brother Tokihira died.

Wives and progeny
He was married to Minamoto no Junshi (源 順子), daughter of Emperor Uda.

They had a son.
 * Fujiwara no Saneyori, also known as Ononomiya Dono (小野宮殿). - Kampaku for Emperor Reizei 967–969, and Sesshō for Emperor En'yū 969–970

He was also married to Monamoto no Shōshi (源 昭子), daughter of Minamoto no Yoshiari.

They had several children.
 * Morosuke  - Udaijin 947–960, grandfather of Emperor Reizei and Emperor En'yū
 * Moroyasu (師保) - priest
 * Morouji (師氏) (913–970) - Dainagon 969–970
 * Morotada (師尹) (920–969) - Sadaijin 969

Daughters' mothers were unknown. (She might be  Junshi or Shōshi.)
 * Kishi (貴子) (904–962) - consort of Crown Prince Yasuakira
 * Kanshi (寛子) (906–945) - consort of Imperial Prince Shigeakira

Selected works
In a statistical overview derived from writings by and about Fujiwara no Tadahiro, OCLC/WorldCat encompasses roughly 9 works in 13 publications in 2 languages and 201 library holdings.

 * 延喜式 (1723)
 * 延喜式 (1828)
 * Teishinkōki: the Year 939 in the Journal of Regent Fujiwara no Tadahira (1956)

Honours

 * Senior First Rank (September 13, 949; posthumous)

title: Fujiwara no Tadahira


text:
Talk:Acenaphthene

Merge notice
Yes, these should be merged.Walkerma 16:42, 19 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Really? Even though they each have a different chemical formula? (I haven't a clue, my chemistry stopped many years ago.) --Bookandcoffee 17:58, 16 October 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Acenaphthene


text:
File:Roppongi Hills Construction.JPG

Roppongi Hills under construction. Taken from Shibuya on Dec. 16, 2001, by Brian M. Chapman.

title: File:Roppongi Hills Construction.JPG


text:
Endoreduplication

Endoreduplication (also referred to as endoreplication or endocycling) is replication of the nuclear genome in the absence of mitosis, which leads to elevated nuclear gene content and polyploidy. Endoreduplication can be understood simply as a variant form of the mitotic cell cycle (G1-S-G2-M) in which mitosis is circumvented entirely, due to modulation of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) activity. Examples of endoreduplication characterised in arthropod, mammalian, and plant species suggest that it is a universal developmental mechanism responsible for the differentiation and morphogenesis of cell types that fulfill an array of biological functions. While endoreduplication is often limited to specific cell types in animals, it is considerably more widespread in plants, such that polyploidy can be detected in the majority of plant tissues. Polyploidy and aneuploidy are common phenomena in cancer cells. Given that oncogenesis and endoreduplication likely involve subversion of common cell cycle regulatory mechanisms, a thorough understanding of endoreduplication may provide important insights for cancer biology.

Examples in nature
Endoreduplicating cell types that have been studied extensively in model organisms

Endoreduplication, endomitosis and polytenization
Endoreduplication, endomitosis and polytenization are three different processes resulting in polyploidization of a cell in a regulated manner. In endoreduplication cells skip M phase completely by exiting the mitotic cell cycle in the G2 phase after completing the S phase several times, resulting in a mononucleated polyploid cell. The cell ends up with twice as many copies of each chromosome per repeat of the S phase. Endomitosis is a type of cell cycle variation where mitosis is initiated, but stopped during anaphase and thus cytokinesis is not completed. The cell ends up with multiple nuclei in contrast to a cell undergoing endoreduplication. Therefore depending on how far the cell progresses through mitosis, this will give rise to a mononucleated or binucleated polyploid cell. Polytenization arises with under- or overamplification of some genomic regions, creating polytene chromosomes.

Biological significance
Based on the wide array of cell types in which endoreduplication occurs, a variety of hypotheses have been generated to explain the functional importance of this phenomenon. Unfortunately, experimental evidence to support these conclusions is somewhat limited.

Cell differentiation
In developing plant tissues the transition from mitosis to endoreduplication often coincides with cell differentiation and morphogenesis. However it remains to be determined whether endoreduplication and polyploidy contribute to cell differentiation or vice versa. Targeted inhibition of endoreduplication in trichome progenitors results in the production of multicellular trichomes that exhibit relatively normal morphology, but ultimately dedifferentiate and undergo absorption into the leaf epidermis. This result suggests that endoreduplication and polyploidy may be required for the maintenance of cell identity.

Cell/organism size
Cell ploidy often correlates with cell size,  and in some instances, disruption of endoreduplication results in diminished cell and tissue size suggesting that endoreduplication may serve as a mechanism for tissue growth. Relative to mitosis, endoreduplication does not require cytoskeletal rearrangement or the production of new cell membrane and it often occurs in cells that have already differentiated. As such it may represent an energetically efficient alternative to cell proliferation among differentiated cell types that can no longer afford to undergo mitosis. While evidence establishing a connection between ploidy and tissue size is prevalent in the literature, contrary examples also exist.

Oogenesis and embryonic development
Endoreduplication is commonly observed in cells responsible for the nourishment and protection of oocytes and embryos. It has been suggested that increased gene copy number might allow for the mass production of proteins required to meet the metabolic demands of embryogenesis and early development. Consistent with this notion, mutation of the Myc oncogene in Drosophila follicle cells results in reduced endoreduplication and abortive oogenesis. However, reduction of endoreduplication in maize endosperm has limited effect on the accumulation of starch and storage proteins, suggesting that the nutritional requirements of the developing embryo may involve the nucleotides that comprise the polyploid genome rather than the proteins it encodes.

Buffering the genome
Another hypothesis is that endoreduplication buffers against DNA damage and mutation because it provides extra copies of important genes. However, this notion is purely speculative and there is limited evidence to the contrary. For example, analysis of polyploid yeast strains suggests that they are more sensitive to radiation than diploid strains.

Stress response
Research in plants suggests that endoreduplication may also play a role in modulating stress responses. By manipulating expression of E2fe (a repressor of endocycling in plants), researchers were able to demonstrate that increased cell ploidy lessens the negative impact of drought stress on leaf size. Given that the sessile lifestyle of plants necessitates a capacity to adapt to environmental conditions, it is appealing to speculate that widespread polyploidization contributes to their developmental plasticity

Genetic control of endoreplication
The best-studied example of a mitosis-to-endoreduplication transition occurs in Drosophila follicle cells and is activated by Notch signaling. Entry into endoreduplication involves modulation of mitotic and S-phase cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) activity. Inhibition of M-phase CDK activity is accomplished via transcriptional activation of Cdh/fzr and repression of the G2-M regulator string/cdc25. Cdh/fzr is responsible for activation of the anaphase-promoting complex (APC) and subsequent proteolysis of the mitotic cyclins. String/cdc25 is a phosphatase that stimulates mitotic cyclin-CDK complex activity. Upregulation of S-phase CDK activity is accomplished via transcriptional repression of the inhibitory kinase dacapo. Together, these changes allow for the circumvention of mitotic entry, progression through G1, and entry into S-phase. The induction of endomitosis in mammalian megakaryocytes involves activation of the c-mpl receptor by the thrombopoietin (TPO) cytokine and is mediated by ERK1/2 signaling. As with Drosophila follicle cells, endoreduplication in megakaryocytes results from activation of S-phase cyclin-CDK complexes and inhibition of mitotic cyclin-CDK activity.

Entry into S-phase during endoreduplication (and mitosis) is regulated through the formation of a prereplicative complex (pre-RC) at replication origins, followed by recruitment and activation of the DNA replication machinery. In the context of endoreduplication these events are facilitated by an oscillation in cyclin E-Cdk2 activity. Cyclin E-Cdk2 activity drives the recruitment and activation of the replication machinery, but it also inhibits pre-RC formation, presumably to ensure that only one round of replication occurs per cycle. Failure to maintain control over pre-RC formation at replication origins results in a phenomenon known as “rereplication” which is common in cancer cells. The mechanism by which cyclin E-Cdk2 inhibits pre-RC formation involves downregulation of APC-Cdh1-mediated proteolysis and accumulation of the protein Geminin, which is responsible for sequestration of the pre-RC component Cdt1.

Oscillations in Cyclin E-Cdk2 activity are modulated via transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms. Expression of cyclin E is activated by E2F transcription factors that were shown to be required for endoreduplication. Recent work suggests that observed oscillations in E2F and cyclin E protein levels result from a negative-feedback loop involving Cul4-dependent ubiquitination and degradation of E2F. Post-transcriptional regulation of cyclin E-Cdk2 activity involves Ago/Fbw7-mediated proteolytic degradation of cyclin E and direct inhibition by factors such as Dacapo and p57.

Premeiotic endomitosis in unisexual vertebrates
The unisexual salamanders (genus Ambystoma) are the oldest known unisexual vertebrate lineage, having arisen about 5 million years ago. In these polyploid unisexual females, an extra premeiotic endomitotic replication of the genome, doubles the number of chromosomes. As a result, the mature eggs that are produced subsequent to the two meiotic divisions have the same ploidy as the somatic cells of the adult female salamander. Synapsis and recombination during meiotic prophase I in these unisexual females is thought to ordinarily occur between identical sister chromosomes and occasionally between homologous chromosomes. Thus little, if any, genetic variation is produced. Recombination between homeologous chromosomes occurs rarely, if at all.

title: Endoreduplication


text:
Norah O'Donnell

Norah Morahan O'Donnell (born January 23, 1974) is an American television journalist who is the anchor of the CBS Evening News, a correspondent for 60 Minutes, and host of Person to Person. She has worked with several mainstream media outlets throughout her career, including as former co-anchor of CBS This Morning, Chief White House Correspondent for CBS News, and a substitute host for CBS's Sunday morning show Face the Nation.

Early life and education
O'Donnell was born in Washington, D.C., the daughter of Noreen Bernadette (O'Kane) and Francis Lawrence O'Donnell, a medical doctor and U.S. Army officer. Her parents are both of Irish descent, with roots in Derry, Belfast, and County Donegal (meaning she is descended from both sides of the Irish Border). Three of her grandparents were immigrants, and her maternal grandfather lived in the U.S. illegally for 16 years. When Norah was three, her family moved to San Antonio, Texas. When she was 10, the family spent two years in Seoul, living in Yongsan Garrison as her father was assigned to work there. While an elementary student, she started her career in broadcasting by giving videotaped English lessons for the Korean Educational Development Institute. The family moved back to San Antonio, where she attended Douglas MacArthur High School, from which she graduated in 1991. She then went on to attend Georgetown University, where she graduated in 1995 with a Bachelor of Arts degree in philosophy and a Master of Arts degree in liberal studies in 2003.

Career
O'Donnell worked as a staff writer for Roll Call, where she covered Congress. She spent twelve years of her career at the NBC networks. A commentator for the Today Show, Chief Washington Correspondent for MSNBC, and a White House correspondent for NBC News, O'Donnell was also a contributing anchor for MSNBC Live and an anchor on Weekend Today. O'Donnell reported for various NBC News broadcasts, including NBC Nightly News, The Today Show, Dateline NBC, and MSNBC. O'Donnell filled in for Chris Matthews as host of Hardball with Chris Matthews and was a regular pundit for The Chris Matthews Show.

Since joining CBS, she has served as anchor in several of its highest-rated shows, filling in for Scott Pelley on the CBS Evening News multiple times, the first being October 10, 2011. She was chief White House correspondent in 2011 and 2012, and became a co-anchor on CBS This Morning in fall of 2012. On May 6, 2019, Susan Zirinsky, president of CBS News, announced that O'Donnell had been named anchor and managing editor of the CBS Evening News beginning on July 15, 2019, will also be the lead anchor of political events for the network and continue as a contributing correspondent for 60 Minutes. She becomes the third woman after Connie Chung and Katie Couric to serve as the program's weeknight anchor. Her last broadcast of CBS This Morning was on May 16, 2019. On April 8, 2022, O'Donnell had extended her contract with CBS News to remain as anchor of CBS Evening News, through the 2024 election and afterward. In May of 2024, O'Donnell interviewed Pope Francis in Vatican City for 60 Minutes. The interview made headlines for the Pope's discussion of surrogacy, gay marriage and Female Priests.

Career timeline

 * 1984: Language instructor for the Korean Educational Development Institute
 * 1994-1996: Panelist, Youngbloods (show) National Empowerment Television
 * 1999–2011: NBC News/MSNBC
 * 1999–2011: Washington Bureau correspondent
 * 1999–2011: Weekend Today rotating news anchor
 * 1999–2011: MSNBC Live fill-in anchor
 * 2000-2011: Dateline NBC contributing correspondent
 * 2003–2011: NBC News White House correspondent
 * 2005–2011: MSNBC Chief White House correspondent
 * 2011–present: CBS News
 * 2011–2012: Chief White House correspondent
 * 2011– May 2019: CBS Evening News fill-in anchor
 * September 2012– May 2019: CBS This Morning co-anchor
 * 2011–present: Face the Nation fill-in host and correspondent
 * 2013–present: 60 Minutes correspondent
 * 2019–present: CBS Evening News anchor and managing editor
 * 2019–present: CBS Overnight News anchor

Family
O'Donnell lives in Washington, D.C., and New York City's Upper West Side neighborhood with her husband, restaurateur Geoff Tracy (owner of D.C. restaurant Chef Geoff's), whom she married in June 2001. They met while attending Georgetown together. On May 20, 2007, O'Donnell and Tracy became the parents of twins, whom they named Grace and Henry. Their third child, daughter Riley Norah Tracy, was born on July 5, 2008. O'Donnell said that her daughter's first name had been suggested by Tim Russert, who died three weeks prior to Riley's birth. O'Donnell and Tracy made a cookbook for parents titled Baby Love: Healthy, Easy, Delicious Meals for Your Baby and Toddler, released on August 31, 2010.

Health
In fall 2016, O'Donnell was diagnosed with melanoma 'in situ', meaning the cancer was contained to the epidermis and had not yet spread to the dermis and metastasized. She underwent surgery soon after where a "three-inch-long piece of skin from the upper left corner of [her] back" was excised. She later stated that she gets regular skin check-ups "every three to four months" and "multiple skin biopsies" due to her high risk. In the years since her diagnosis O'Donnell has become a skin care advocate, encouraging others, especially women, to get regular dermatological check-ups and take better care of their skin by practicing good skin care routines such as using sunscreen. She discussed her diagnosis with her dermatologist live on CBS This Morning in 2017.

Awards and recognition
Washingtonian Magazine has named O'Donnell as one of Washington's 100 most powerful women. O'Donnell has also been named to Irish American Magazine's 2000 "Top 100 Irish Americans" list.

O'Donnell won the Sigma Delta Chi Award for Breaking News Coverage for the Dateline NBC story "DC In Crisis," which aired on the night of September 11, 2001.

She won an Emmy as part of NBC News' Election Night coverage team in 2008 for the category Outstanding Live Coverage of a Breaking News Story – Long Form. She was also awarded an Emmy in 2018 for her six-month investigation and report on "Sexual Assault in the Air Force Academy" for CBS This Morning in the category Outstanding Investigative Report in a Newscast. That same year, this story was given an honorable mention from the White House Correspondents' Association for the Edgar Allan Poe Award.

title: Norah O'Donnell


text:
Jacques Rudolph

Jacobus Andries "Jacques" Rudolph (born 4 May 1981) is a former South African cricketer who played for Yorkshire, Glamorgan and in South Africa with Titans.

He attended Afrikaanse Hoër Seunskool, a popular and renowned public school located in Pretoria.

International cricket
Rudolph was chosen for South Africa's Test team in 2003 having previously had his selection for the 2002 New Year's Test against Australia in Sydney overruled by cricket administrators due to the South African practice of obeying a 'quota' of non-white players; the board overruled the selectors and installed Justin Ontong in the team. The selectors noticed him during one of his performances in domestic cricket.

Rudolph was named the South African Cricket Annual Cricketer of the Year in 2003.

In his debut Test match against Bangladesh he scored 222 not out, his best first class score. It is still the highest Test debut score by a left-handed batsman and a Test opener as of 2013, when Hamish Rutherford made 171 for New Zealand against England.

He also broke the South African third-wicket partnership record, alongside Boeta Dippenaar, reaching 429* against Bangladesh at Chittagong. He saved a Test for South Africa in the Perth Test match in December 2005 after defying the Australian bowlers for more than a day to score 102* and ensure a draw. After declaring himself unavailable for selection by South Africa after agreeing to join Yorkshire under the Kolpak ruling he stated he did not want to represent South Africa again and hoped to possibly represent England, qualifying by residency, after deciding to buy a house and live permanently in Yorkshire.

Rudolph was recalled to the South African Test squad in October 2011, for the two-Test home series against Australia.

South Africa domestic cricket
Rudolph plays for the Nashua Titans in South Africa. He represented the Gestetner Diamond Eagles and Northerns.

English County Cricket - Yorkshire
Although still centrally contracted, Rudolph signed a three-year deal in 2007 to play for Yorkshire under the Kolpak ruling. In doing so he declared himself unavailable for selection for the duration of the contract. Rudolph wore squad number 24 for Yorkshire and in October 2007 further committed himself to the county, signing a 4-year deal which would keep him at the club until 2011.

In 2008, Rudolph was awarded the Players' Player, and fans' Player of the Year awards for Yorkshire. He was also awarded Yorkshire CCC Players' player of the year in 2010. He left Yorkshire at the end of the 2010 season after mutual agreement to terminate his contract a year early. This was so that he and his wife could return to South Africa to be closer to family. In July 2011, following Yorkshire's run of poor form, Rudolph returned to Yorkshire CCC for the last six games of the season. In his first game back against Lancashire he scored 12 and 35 in a loss against Lancashire CCC. In his second county game against Hampshire CCC he scored 99 before being caught off Imran Tahir.

On 27 April 2017, Rudolph completed his 10,000 runs in List-A cricket.

County Championship
He made a record breaking century debut versus Surrey at The Oval during the County Championship. Yorkshire had made a shaky start, but alongside promising all-rounder Adil Rashid, Rudolph helped make 190 and in the process break a record 6th wicket partnership against Surrey for Yorkshire. The record had stood since George Hirst and Irving Washington posted 134 in 1902. Rudolph's fine innings ended for 122, being caught off the bowling of Steve Magoffin, the innings including 20 fours and 3 sixes. Rudolph went on to hit further consecutive centuries against Worcestershire (129*) and Durham (104*). His finest moment for Yorkshire came at North Marine Road, Scarborough on 23 August where he racked up a double century against Warwickshire and helped put Yorkshire in a commanding position.

Friends Provident Trophy/Pro40
Rudolph began the 2007 one-day season opening the batting and took just 3 games to score his maiden one-day century for Yorkshire, hitting exactly 100 off 133 balls against Leicestershire. Despite Rudolph's knock, Yorkshire went on to lose the game by 6 wickets. He kicked off his Pro40 season in style with 127 in a match against Kent at Scarborough in a Yorkshire win and continued his good form in the 8-wicket thrashing of Glamorgan with 49* as they went top of Division 2.

Twenty20 Cup
He made his Twenty20 debut for Yorkshire at Grace Road against Leicestershire in a televised game on 22 June 2007 during the Twenty20 Cup. In a rain reduced game (16 overs) he was the 2nd victim of a Jeremy Snape hat-trick having scored 3 from 4 balls. He fared considerably better in the Roses match at Old Trafford, scoring 48* from 38 balls (3 fours, 2 sixes) in a losing total of 113, and remained not out until the final game of the group stages against Derbyshire.

English County Cricket - Glamorgan
On 18 September 2013, Rudolph signed a two-year contract with Glamorgan subject to approval from the South African Cricket Board. He replaced Australian Marcus North as Glamorgan's overseas player. He stayed with the club for the 2015 season, and has been announced as their continued overseas player for the 2016 season.

Records

 * Jacques Rudolph - who scored 222 not out on debut - and Boeta Dippenaar shared an unbroken stand of 429 for South Africa's third wicket against Bangladesh. This is the highest partnership in Test cricket to involve one debutant.

title: Jacques Rudolph


text:
User talk:Zapgun

Welcome
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title: User talk:Zapgun


text:
User talk:Web250

Cleared talk page on 5/11/12 -web250 (talk) 12:39, 11 May 2012 (UTC)

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Non-free rationale for File:Dettol - Tell me Dr (1935).png
Thanks for uploading or contributing to File:Dettol - Tell me Dr (1935).png. I notice the file page specifies that the file is being used under non-free content criteria, but there is not a suitable explanation or rationale as to why each specific use in Wikipedia is acceptable. Please go to the file description page, and edit it to include a non-free rationale.

If you have uploaded other non-free media, consider checking that you have specified the non-free rationale on those pages too. You can find a list of 'file' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "File" from the dropdown box. Note that any non-free media lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been tagged, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If the file is already gone, you can still make a request for undeletion and ask for a chance to fix the problem. If you have any questions, please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you. Stefan2 (talk) 14:56, 9 October 2012 (UTC)

Non-free content policy and guidelines
Please do not place or replace any non-free images to any pages except for actual articles, as you did at User:Web250/sandbox. Such use is a clear violation of point number 9 of our policy concerning the use of non-free images. Continuing to do so can be viewed as disruptive behaviour and you may be blocked from editing. VernoWhitney (talk) 13:41, 10 October 2012 (UTC)

File:Dettol - Tell me Dr (1935).png listed for deletion
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Orphaned non-free media (File:Dettol 1981 South Africa ad.png)
Thanks for uploading File:Dettol 1981 South Africa ad.png. The media description page currently specifies that it is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, it is currently orphaned, meaning that it is not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the media was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that media for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable for use on Wikipedia (see our policy for non-free media).

If you have uploaded other unlicensed media, please check whether they're used in any articles or not. You can find a list of 'file' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "File" from the dropdown box. Note that all non-free media not used in any articles will be deleted after seven days, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. Hazard-Bot (talk) 04:19, 11 October 2012 (UTC)

Disambiguation link notification for March 2
Hi. Thank you for your recent edits. Wikipedia appreciates your help. We noticed though that when you edited Charmer (Tigers Jaw album), you added a link pointing to the disambiguation page Indie. Such links are almost always unintended, since a disambiguation page is merely a list of "Did you mean..." article titles. Read the FAQ* Join us at the DPL WikiProject.

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Disambiguation link notification for April 22
Hi. Thank you for your recent edits. An automated process has detected that when you recently edited 2018–19 EFL Championship, you added a link pointing to the disambiguation page Hull ([//dispenser.info.tm/~dispenser/cgi-bin/dablinks.py/2018%E2%80%9319_EFL_Championship check to confirm] | [//dispenser.info.tm/~dispenser/cgi-bin/dab_solver.py/2018%E2%80%9319_EFL_Championship?client=notify fix with Dab solver]). Such links are usually incorrect, since a disambiguation page is merely a list of unrelated topics with similar titles. (Read the FAQ* Join us at the DPL WikiProject.)

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Charmer (band) moved to draftspace
An article you recently created, Charmer (band), is not suitable as written to remain published. It needs more citations from reliable, independent sources. (?) Information that can't be referenced should be removed (verifiability is of central importance on Wikipedia). I've moved your draft to draftspace (with a prefix of " " before the article title) where you can incubate the article with minimal disruption. When you feel the article meets Wikipedia's general notability guideline and thus is ready for mainspace, please click on the "Submit your draft for review!" button at the top of the page.  Onel 5969  TT me 01:24, 9 December 2021 (UTC)

Orphaned non-free image File:Tigers Jaw "Charmer" Album Cover.jpg
Thanks for uploading File:Tigers Jaw &. The image description page currently specifies that the image is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, the image is currently not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the image was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that images for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable for use on Wikipedia (see our policy for non-free media).

Note that any non-free images not used in any articles will be deleted after seven days, as described in section F5 of the criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. --B-bot (talk) 22:02, 25 December 2021 (UTC)

Concern regarding Draft:Charmer (band)
Hello, Web250. This is a bot-delivered message letting you know that Draft:Charmer (band), a page you created, has not been edited in at least 5 months. Drafts that have not been edited for six months may be deleted, so if you wish to retain the page, please edit it again or request that it be moved to your userspace.

If the page has already been deleted, you can request it be undeleted so you can continue working on it.

Thank you for your submission to Wikipedia. FireflyBot (talk) 22:02, 19 May 2022 (UTC)

Your draft article, Draft:Charmer (band)

Hello, Web250. It has been over six months since you last edited the Articles for Creation submission or Draft page you started, "Charmer".

In accordance with our policy that Wikipedia is not for the indefinite hosting of material deemed unsuitable for the encyclopedia mainspace, the draft has been deleted. If you plan on working on it further and you wish to retrieve it, you can request its undeletion. An administrator will, in most cases, restore the submission so you can continue to work on it.

Thanks for your submission to Wikipedia, and happy editing. Liz Read! Talk! 21:30, 17 June 2022 (UTC)

title: User talk:Web250


text:
User talk:Tobble

Welcome!

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title: User talk:Tobble