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User talk:Neo adams

Hello, welcome to Wikipedia. The article you created at Kiran Mazumdar Shaw appears to be copied from http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/articleshow/604838.cms. If you are the author of the original information and you are able to release it under the GFDL, please let me know. If the information has been copied from another website, it may be a copyright infringement. Wikipedia needs to be careful to avoid this, so the information will be removed if it is not compatible with the GFDL. Please see Copyrights for further information. Even if this is a copyright infringement, we would still welcome any original contributions from you. See the instructions on how to edit a page for more info. Thanks. Angela. 06:31, August 28, 2005 (UTC)

Image Tagging Image:Gaur.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Gaur.jpg. I notice the 'image' page currently doesn't specify who created the content, so the copyright status is unclear. If you have not created this media yourself then there needs to be an argument why we have the right to use the media on Wikipedia (see copyright tagging below). If you have not created the media yourself then it needs to be specified where it was found, i.e., in most cases link to the website where it was taken from, and the terms of use for content from that page.

If the media also doesn't have a copyright tag then one should be added. If you created/took the picture, audio, or video then the GFDL-self tag can be used to release it under the GFDL. If you believe the media qualifies as fair use, consider reading fair use, and then use a tag such as or one of the other tags listed at Image copyright tags. See Image copyright tags for the full list of copyright tags that you can use.

If you have uploaded other media, consider checking that you have specified their source and copyright tagged them, too. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any unsourced and untagged images will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you. Rmhermen 01:57, 16 May 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:Neo adams


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Talk:Lincoln Continental Mark VII

Proper Terminology
Wheels should be used instead of rims,a rim is exactly that the rim of the wheel, so I believe we should use Wheels instead of Rims.

Reliability
Is there any information on the reliability of this car (Consumer Reports, etc.)?

Thanks

ContinentalR 06:34, 28 August 2005 (UTC)

James Bond
Is the fact that Timothy Dalton drove one in Licence to Kill relevant to this page? It’s not as though the Mark VII reached Aston Martin DB5 status—but I am tempted to add. Stombs 11:51, 17 December 2005 (UTC)

Racing
I added a section on the Mark VII's limited racing pedigree.

It was used in the Trans-Am series in the 1984 and 1985 seasons without much success.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Lincoln Continental Mark VII


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Ambracian Gulf

The Ambracian Gulf, also known as the Gulf of Arta or the Gulf of Actium, and in some official documents as the Amvrakikos Gulf (Αμβρακικός κόλπος), is a gulf of the Ionian Sea in northwestern Greece. About 40 km long and 15 km wide, it is one of the largest enclosed gulfs in Greece, and due to its ecological importance is one of the National Parks of Greece. The towns of Preveza, Amphilochia (formerly Karvassaras), and Vonitsa lie on its shores.

Name
The gulf takes its name from the ancient city of Ambracia located near its shores. Its alternative name comes from the medieval (and modern) city of Arta, located in the same place as ancient Ambracia.

Geography
The entrance to the gulf is through a 700 m-wide channel between Aktio (ancient Actium) on the south and Preveza on the north; a recent road tunnel connects the two. The gulf is quite shallow, and its northern shore is broken by numerous marshes, large parts of which form an estuary system. The Louros and Arachthos (or Arta) rivers drain into it; for this reason it is warmer and less salty than the Ionian, and a current flows from the gulf into the sea. It is rich in grey mullet, sole, and eel, and is also very famous for the local variety of large shrimp (gabari, in Greek γάμπαρη). Sea turtles and dolphins regularly make an appearance, while it contains lagoons very important for birds.

History
The Ambracian Gulf was the site of the Battle of Actium, in which Augustus' forces defeated those of Mark Antony and Cleopatra. Battle of Preveza, which Ottoman admiral Hayreddin Barbarossa defeated the Holy League's admiral Andrea Doria, held on the very same gulf in 1538. From Greek independence (Treaty of Constantinople, 1832) until the Second Balkan War (Treaty of Bucharest, 1913), the gulf formed part of the border between the Kingdom of Greece and the Ottoman Empire.

The remains of numerous ancient cities lie on its shores: Nicopolis, Argos Ippatum, Limnaea, Preveza and Olpae.

Ecology
The Ambracian gulf is one site in the EU 'life transfer' project restoring seagrass meadows to combat climate change and enrich biodiversity

Transportation
Since 2002, the northern and southern sides at the mouth of the gulf are connected by the Aktio-Preveza Undersea Tunnel. The tunnel greatly shortens the travel distance across the gulf, which used to be possible only by ferry. The Aktion International Airport (airport code PVK) is built near the Gulf's entrance and serves the region.

title: Ambracian Gulf


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GCSU Sri Lanka

The Government Clerical Service Union (GCSU) is a trade union of clerical workers who work in the public sector in Sri Lanka. This was formed in the 1920s when Sri Lanka (Ceylon) was under British colonial rule. It is a politically independent trade union but the majority of the activists were Communists early in its history.

British colonial era
British colonialists who ruled Sri Lanka (Ceylon) from March 1815 educated the Sri Lankan people to work in the public sector because it was very difficult to bring sufficient administrative staff from the UK to administer the colony.

The schools formed by Christian missionaries taught the English language to the students and they were employed in the public sector because of their knowledge of the English language. After 1815 the British colonial rulers started educating Sri Lanka's public workers about the administration rules and regulations. They also held examinations for the clerical workers to upgrade their working level. The famous manual among the public sector workers named Administration Rules and Regulations (ARR) is still used in Sri Lanka. An examination was held for the administration officers called the Ceylon Administrative Service (CAS) exam. After passing it they were graded as CAS officers.

Before 1948
In the 1920s the clerical workers of Sri Lanka formed a union to protect their workers rights.

From beginning of the GCSU in February 1920 to the political independence of Sri Lanka in 1948 it has to struggle with British rulers in order to secure workers' rights and national independence.

From 1948 to 1977
After the political independence from British colonial rulers in February 1948 the GCSU became a more powerful force in Sri Lanka. Most of the GCSU members were members of Lanka Sama Samaja Party (LSSP) and Communist Party of Sri Lanka (CP-Moscow wing). Dr. N.M. Perera the leader of LSSP was openly supporting the activities of the GCSU by protecting workers' rights.

After 1977
After the year 1977, the situation for Sri Lanka's left-wing political movements was getting worse due to the former President of Sri Lanka Junius Richard Jayawardena's (J.R. Jayawardena) right-wing policies. But the GCSU still remained as a force among public-sector workers.

Most powerful union
I. J. Wickrema was a promising leader of the GCSU in the 1960s. He led the GCSU during the "Golden era" in its history. The total number of members was around 30,000 out of 50,000 clerical workers in Sri Lanka in the 1960s. He organised branch committees of the union throughout the country, giving more strength to it. He was elected as secretary of the union and later became its President. During his period in office (1965–70), many incidents happened in Sri Lanka's politics and they reacted to the changes by taking the side of the worker. Anyone can refer to their official news paper "Red Tape" and get an idea of how they reacted to the changing political situation of the country.

He introduced the Death donation scheme and the Retirement donation scheme from which its members benefited at a time of grief and in the later years of their lives.

Building the headquarters
Under I.J. Wickrema's leadership the GCSU started work to build their own headquarters in front of the "Lake House" (the office of the government news papers). Famous Sri Lanka's drama player Henry Jayasena staged dramas to raise funds for the new building. Former Sri Lanka's Prime Minister Mrs.Sirimavo R.D. Bandaranaike laid the foundation stone for the building. Any one who visits the city of Colombo can see the GCSU headquarters building near the Beira lake.

Leaving the GCSU
I.J. Wickrema left the union at the end of 1970 as he was appointed as a CAS officer. The 1977 government of Mrs.Sirimavo was over and the new United National Party government came into power under the leadership of Junius Richard Jayawardena. He was subjected to political revenge and his close relatives worked in the public sector were transferred to difficult areas. Finally he was sent to the CAS officers pool giving him mental agony and a year later he was retired. He died in late 1979 and his funeral march was organised under the banner of the GCSU.

GCSU martyrs
In June 1947 V. Kandasamy a Tamil national, became victim to the atrocities of the British colonial rulers and sacrificed his young life to the bullet, on their way to Kolonnawa after a general strike meeting at Hyde Park Colombo.

In May 1989 M.K. Meththananda was shot by insurgents when he was at home in Tangalle, a village of deep south. He supported Provincial Councils, which were formed after the Indo-Lanka Peace Accord signed in July 1987.

title: GCSU Sri Lanka


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/List of sporting teams eponymous to automobile-related topics

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was DELETE. Paul August ☎ 03:21, September 6, 2005 (UTC)

List of sporting teams eponymous to automobile-related topics
Arcane/non-notable "list"-oriented article. Paul Klenk 06:34, 28 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete and salt the earth. Zoe 06:43, August 28, 2005 (UTC)
 * 'Delete and per above, carthago delenda est! Dottore So 07:14, 28 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. These bizarre lists coming in from the same three users are really starting to steam me. - Lucky 6.9 07:25, 28 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Absurdity. --Finbarr Saunders 08:07, 28 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. --Mysidia (talk) 16:34, 28 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Other lists are rather trivial and are kept.  Why not this one? --SuperDude 18:49, 28 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Answered on your talk page. - Lucky 6.9 20:03, 28 August 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


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Talk:Microraptor

NPOV "powered flight" or "passive gliding"
These terms assume an artificial divide between "powered" and "unpowered" situations that simply isn't there. In both cases wings and body surfaces produce resultant forces from drag and lift and there is no physical basis for separating them as living fliers other than squid and flying fish do not have a separate thrust-producing "engine". In this case, the analogy to airplanes is specious and presupposes that natural solutions to biomechanical problems will look like the human-engineered solutions.

--- I can see the reasoning behind the terms. For one example,a flying squirrel does not fly by muscular-assisted "power"; it does, in fact, glide "passively". I will agree that it does use muscles for maneuvering, but this not the same as using them to generate lift by flapping. I think it is really stretch to make a symantic argument about the terms. 166.67.66.7 (talk) 16:40, 4 September 2014 (UTC)

NPOV of Naming
and second, because they do not want Olson's nomenclatural sabotage to succeed.

I don't think this meets NPOV. It might be the view of "Most paleontologists", but then it should be mentioned that this is their POV. I propose:

and second, because they view Olson's name as "nomenclatural sabotage" and do not want to support it. - Jokermage 06:37:17, 2005-08-28 (UTC)

Species
There are two species in the genus Microraptor, M. gui and M. zhaoianus. M. gui is the 4-winged species, but zhaoianus were only an arboreal dinosaur withouth wings. This article is wrong. Maniraptor

 * The type specimen of M. zhaoianus is too poorly preserved (compared to M. gui) to deduce the extent of its wings. The fact that Cryptovolans pauli (which may also be a species of Microraptor) has the same four-wing body plan suggests that all members of the family Microraptoria had similar wings. Incidentally, Senter et al 2004 find that M. zhaoianus, M. gui, and C. pauli are all the same species anyway (M. zhaoianus). --Dinoguy2 04:46, 5 November 2005 (UTC)

Recently PBS aired a Nova or Nature episode where it was proved the microraptor did NOT fly biplane style but did leap & glide from tree to tree and the hind legs & tail overlapped in a way to form a delta wing. To land, the dino lowered its rear legs which then acted as a brake. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/microraptor/ —Preceding unsigned comment added by 72.179.30.13 (talk) 11:06, 9 March 2008 (UTC)

Archaeoraptor
The Archaeoraptor page (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaeoraptor) says that Storrs Olson actually did not establish Archaeoraptor liaoningensis as a new taxon, so Archaeoraptor liaoningensis Olson, 2000 is a nomen nudum. Therefore, update the writing under the section "Naming".

Storrs L. Olson, 2000. Countdown to Piltdown at National Geographic: the rise and fall of Archaeoraptor. Backbone, newsletter of the Department of Vertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, 13(2) (April): 1–3.

3 | Naming
"So, according to some interpretations of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, the valid name for this dinosaur probably is Archaeoraptor liaoningensis Olson 2000."

Is it right for 'Olsen 2000' to appear after the name without any punctuation or anything? w00tboy 23:41, 24 February 2007 (UTC)

Simply a bird?
Is it possible that microraptor is a bird? Stephen Czerkas (flying dromaeosaurs, are birds really dinosaurs) has put forward this theory. Do other scientists support his idea, and should it be mentioned? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 84.24.147.64 (talk) 15:21, 2 February 2009 (UTC)

Well, it's possible. 70.80.215.121 (talk) 13:32, 23 May 2011 (UTC)Adam70.80.215.121 (talk) 13:32, 23 May 2011 (UTC)
 * It depends on your definition of "bird". MMartyniuk (talk) 13:52, 23 May 2011 (UTC)

i would not consider Microraptor to be a bird, no birds today have teeth and the contemporary bird Confuciusornis similarly had no teeth. Microraptor was only able to glide, but to give you credit it is very birdlike. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 50.138.213.207 (talk) 02:45, 5 December 2012 (UTC)
 * Ichthyornis isn't a bird now? FunkMonk (talk) 03:03, 5 December 2012 (UTC)

 * Heard the expression "if it quacks like a duck then it is one"? This is a bird. Or at least, a transitional fossil. You can also call it a birdlike dinosaur or a dinosaur-like bird. It's more like other birds than it is like, I don't know, sauropods? It's pretty inappropriate to group it with sauropods and stegosauruses (they're dinosaurs) than with birds. The thing is even shaped a like a bird, despite having teeth and a tail. Btw, it doesn't matter if it had teeth or not - Archaeopteryx had them as well and scientists call it "the first bird". What does "glide" supposed to meaning? Chickens and ostriches glide as well. So by that logic, they're not birds? Again, what matters is how it looks and its size overall. This looks like a bird overall. And that's that. ~ Meganesia (talk) 16:38, 6 August 2018 (UTC)
 * In that case, many dinosaurs are bird, and that's the thing, the lines are blurred in the transitional stages, so it is kind of a pointless argument. FunkMonk (talk) 10:00, 6 August 2018 (UTC)
 * It's entirely subjective which clade you equate it to. I personally equate it so Avialae, making Microraptor certainly not one.  Luso titan  (Talk | Contributions) 15:40, 6 August 2018 (UTC)
 * The most popular definition of "bird" used in paleontology is the clade Avialae, which refers to all animals closer to modern birds than to dromaeosaurids or troodontids. Many skeletal features show that Microraptor is a dromaeosaurid, therefore it is not an avialan and not a "bird" if "bird" equals "avialan". The term "bird" (or the class "Aves") is kind of an archaic, linnean term which was formulated long before dinosaur fossils were discovered, so it gets a bit shaky when those are added into the mix. A recent study (Cau, 2018) showed how the features used to distinguish modern birds were accumulated slowly and gradually. It's quite difficult to draw the line between what is a bird and what is not a bird when you take all these features into account. And you are right about one thing. Microraptor is extraordinarily more bird-like than a sauropod or stegosaur. However, since birds are part of Dinosauria, something can be both a bird and a dinosaur. Birds are just a specific subset of dinosaurs, and our definition of where that subset begins is basically a matter of personal taste. Your personal taste may define Microraptor as a bird because of its long wing feathers (which originated in Pennaraptora or earlier) or its bird-like body shape (which probably predated dinosaurs), and that's fine. But most paleontologists use Avialae as the start of "birds", so they would disagree with your taste. Fanboyphilosopher (talk) 15:11, 16 August 2018 (UTC)

Species in caption
Funk: just saw your edit to the image caption for Hong Kong specimen. Do we know for sure that's M. gui? Is there a specimen number or anything? If it's an unpublished specimen I suppose we can go by the label if there is one but most people don't consider M. gui distinct anyway. Dinoguy2 (talk) 20:32, 23 September 2009 (UTC)
 * Oh, well, it's not that I care much, but for example in the Pachyrhinosaurus article it is nice to have written what species is shown in an image because the differences are obvious, but I can see that it isn't so here. That it is gui was just written on the image page. FunkMonk (talk) 21:14, 23 September 2009 (UTC)

"Over 300 undescribed specimens"
This is mentioned twice in the article, including once in the lead. The article body states: "In 2010, it was reported that there were over 300 undescribed specimens attributable to Microraptor or its close relatives among the collections of several Chinese museums, though many had been altered or composited by private fossil collectors." The source cited for this, the model test paper by Alexander et al, says "We observed >300 microraptorians, sensu Senter (2), at these institutions, including the holotypes of Microraptor gui and M. zhaoianus (3–5)." It does not reference the specimens being undescribed, and certainly doesn't mention them being "altered or composited" by private collectors. Is anyone aware of a source - whether it's a scientific article, a book, or a news source - that explicitly mentions this? I've tried looking without success. -Ferahgo the Assassin (talk) 03:35, 19 March 2012 (UTC)

M. hanqingi
Any idea what to do with M. hanqingi? Even if it's almost certainly going to turn out to be junior synonym, there aren't any good sources for this (yet) and is a perfectly valid name. Albertonykus (talk) 16:40, 22 June 2012 (UTC)
 * It should definitely be discussed in the text, if not also put in the taxobox (along with a question-marked M. gui since there's some disagreement about that one). MMartyniuk (talk) 18:46, 22 June 2012 (UTC)

Wind tunnel image
Do image review standards apply to published diagrams? The new wind tunnel paper uncritically reproduced to extremely anatomically inaccurate life restoration from the M. gui description in their diagrams and models (making the paper's conclusions scientifically worthless). MMartyniuk (talk) 13:04, 16 January 2014 (UTC)
 * Well, I guess it is pretty important for historical purposes? After all, the animal has been depicted like that countless times, and the text does go into controversies. Could add to the caption "models, including an anatomically inaccurate sprawling configuration", or some such. FunkMonk (talk) 13:17, 16 January 2014 (UTC)
 * If not, I could also crop it so it is only the image with the windtunnel itself, which looks accurate. Or leave out B and H. FunkMonk (talk) 13:21, 16 January 2014 (UTC)

I created the images shown. They are not all intended to be anatomically correct; they show some postures proposed in the literature (the sprawled posture of Xu's original reconstruction and the biplane posture of Chatterjee et al as well as the legs down posture favored by Dyke et al 2013) that other sources consider to be anatomically unfeasible. They also show the results of a "Mr Potatohead" exercise in which feathers were removed from the legs and tail to see the effect - the presence of feathers on the legs and tail is no longer in doubt. The text of the open access PLOS One article (which appears not to be cited in the article) clarifies this. That article should be cited and added to the discussion, especially if images are to be used in it - it has many advances compared to the prior work (especially Dyke et al 2013), none of which considered the potential role in aerial maneuvering and which proposes an alternative to the gliding/flapping dichotomy (which the authors of Evangelista et al 2014 consider to be a false dichotomy). Also I think the license for our image specifies using it as is and citing it. There is a good caption to go with the image as well as an entire paper about it available open access at PLOS One.
 * Ok, good to know! FunkMonk (talk) 00:51, 30 September 2017 (UTC)

Species/Lack Thereof
The taxobox lists three species, M. gui, the type M. zhaoianus, and M hanqingi. However, the latter gets only two hits on the whole page (both merely stating it exists in a list of species - it's sort of implied in the lead its also invalid, but no source is given for the statement in general), and M. gui is variously mentioned as a likely synonym off the type in off comments, but nowhere is an actual paragraph dedicated to this, which seems necessary. No "species" section exists at all, which again seems bizarre. I feel there's some desperate need of expansion/clarification regarding what the species are, and the arguments towards and/or against them being distinct. Also, the Dinosaur page uses the M. gui specimen, listed with that name, in the taxobox image. Should we be using M. zhaoianus for that? If no consensus is clear, could another theropod be chosen?  Luso titan  00:30, 30 September 2017 (UTC)
 * I think the problem is that there isn't really a consensus in the literature... But then again, I'm not very familiar with it. FunkMonk (talk) 00:51, 30 September 2017 (UTC)
 * I figured that, but again, there should at least be some more discussion about that disagreement, and M. hanqingi actually existing.  Luso titan  02:30, 30 September 2017 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Microraptor


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Longvilliers, Pas-de-Calais

Longvilliers (until 1997 Longvillers) is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Hauts-de-France region of France.

Geography
Longvilliers is situated 5 miles (9 km) north of Montreuil-sur-Mer on the D146 road and in the Dordonne river valley. With a population of little over 250, it retains the character and atmosphere of the French countryside. There are no shops, but it is near enough to Frencq (5 km), Montreuil-sur-Mer (9 km) and Étaples (10 km). The area around offers views and walks in the countryside.

Places of interest

 * The fifteenth-century church.
 * Ruins of the 16th-century château.
 * Vestiges of a cistercian abbey from the twelfth century.
 * Remains of the manor of Tatéville, of 1586.

title: Longvilliers, Pas-de-Calais


text: User talk:71.133.246.254

title: User talk:71.133.246.254


text:
Bill Lockyer

William Westwood Lockyer (born May 8, 1941) is a retired American politician from California, who held elective office from 1973 to 2015, as State Treasurer of California, California Attorney General, and President Pro Tempore of the California State Senate.

Early life and education
Lockyer attended the University of California, Berkeley, graduating with a B.A. in Political Science in 1965. The following year, he received a Teaching Credential from CSU in Hayward, then worked for his father's roofing company and as a fork-lift driver at Ward's before getting his first job with the Legislature on the staff of Assemblyman Robert W. Crown. In 1986, Lockyer graduated with a J.D. from University of the Pacific McGeorge School of Law. (He returned to the classroom in 2009 as a non-tenured college professor, teaching undergraduate courses in American State Politics at the University of Southern California and the University of California at Irvine.) With his early legislative experience, Lockyer began his own political career as a School Board member of the San Leandro Unified School District, as chair of the Alameda County Democratic Central Committee, and California coordinator of Senator George McGovern's 1972 campaign for the Presidency.

Personal life
Lockyer, who lives in Hayward and Long Beach, California, was married in April 2003 to public service attorney Nadia Lockyer, a former Alameda County Supervisor, with whom he has three children: a son born in 2004; and two twin sons, born in December 2015. By an earlier marriage, he also has an adult daughter who is an attorney at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).

Legislative career
Lockyer first won a State Assembly seat in a Special Election of September 4, 1973, following the accidental death of his political mentor, Bay Area Assemblyman Robert W. Crown. He served in the legislature for the next twenty-five years, more than half that time in the state senate, where, in 1994, he was chosen by his peers to be President Pro Tem, the most powerful position of the upper legislative house.

In his spare time, Lockyer attended law school classes in Sacramento and received a Juris Doctor degree from the McGeorge School of Law, University of the Pacific.

As legislator, Lockyer won close friends on both sides of the partisan aisle, including Jim Brulte, Republican Minority Leader of the state senate, who would long remember Lockyer's skill at compromise and consensus-building., and Democratic Speaker of the Assembly Willie Brown, who recalled that, by the time Lockyer left the legislature in 1998, "Capitol insiders took his prolific effectiveness for granted."

Environmental protection legislation and the Bay Trail
As a freshman legislator in 1974, Lockyer wrote the first legislation to provide state funding for emergency oil spill decontamination. During his legislative career, as a close ally of environmental pressure groups like the Sierra Club and the Planning and Conservation League, he wrote other environmental laws, including the first state regulation of trucks hauling toxic substances on California roads and highways, which preceded federal policies adopted by the EPA.

Lockyer considered his greatest environmental achievement to be his 1987 bill to create a Bay Trail, which he envisioned as an eventual 500-mile-long hiking and cycling path, a continuous recreational corridor, with adjacent bayshore parks and protected natural habitats, that would entirely encircle San Francisco and San Pablo Bays. Requiring city, county and regional cooperation, the Bay Trail marked its 20th year in 2009 with 293 miles so far open to hikers, bicyclists, joggers and walkers. As nominal "father" of the Bay Trail, a segment of the shoreline had been named in Lockyer's honor.

1984 "hate crimes" legislation
In 1984, Lockyer sponsored the State's first "hate crimes" legislation which, as later amended, provided that "no person...shall by force or threat of force, willfully injure, intimidate, interfere with, oppress, or threaten any other person in the free exercise or enjoyment of any right or privilege secured to him or her by the Constitution or laws of this state or by the Constitution or laws of the United States because of the other person's race, color, religion, ancestry, national origin, disability, gender, or sexual orientation, or because he or she perceives that the other person has one or more of those characteristics." Later, as Attorney General, Lockyer was responsible for coordinating enforcement of this statute by local law enforcement.

1987 tort reform "napkin deal"
On September 10, 1987, while Lockyer chaired the State Senate Judiciary Committee, he and Speaker of the Assembly Willie Brown met at Frank Fat's Restaurant in Sacramento with representatives of bitterly competing special interests – insurance companies, trial lawyers, doctors and manufacturers – to formalize their agreement to "the most sweeping changes in California's civil liability laws in decades". After many days of painstaking negotiations, these warring interests had accepted a compromise bill that included "a drastic restriction in product liability laws offset by fee increases for lawyers prosecuting medical malpractice cases. Doctors got promises that protections already in place against lawsuits would not be touched. Insurance companies won a reprieve from threatened regulations gaining momentum in the Legislature." This compromise had already been worked out; the dinner was meant to ratify a future "peace pact" among all the concerned parties to abide by the compromise. Lockyer, who had acted as mediator during the earlier negotiations, scribbled the terms of the "pact" on a restaurant cloth napkin, and so ended a political war. The compromise bill was then ramrodded through the assembly and state senate on the last night of that year's legislative session, and was signed into law by Republican governor George Deukmejian.

Though it was only Lockyer's "theatrical touch" of writing the agreement on a napkin that made it especially memorable, the "napkin deal" became legendary in the State Capitol. Proudly reproducing the original napkin on a poster titled "Tort-Mania 1987", Lockyer and Brown regarded the special interests compromise and conciliation they had arranged as a great legislative accomplishment. "The public is better served", Lockyer said at the time, "when these groups are trying to mend rather than tear the fabric of society".

1997–98 "Welfare Reform" Budget and tax-cut "Mega-deal"
Federal legislation signed by President Clinton in 1996 required California to enact “welfare-to-work” legislation to help welfare recipients move from government assistance to employment and “self-sufficiency”. The resulting establishment of a new CalWORKs (California Work Opportunity and Responsibility to Kids) program had a major effect on the state budget, propelling difficult negotiations between the Democratic legislature and conservative Republican governor Pete Wilson. As Senate President Pro Tem, Lockyer was a key negotiator in these private negotiations, which, he later recalled to journalist Daniel Weintraub, produced the State's “last... old-fashioned balanced budget,”, linked to a bi-partisan billion-dollar tax "mega-deal", a complex legislative package that cut state income taxes for middle class Californians.

State attorney general
Elected attorney general in 1998 after 25 years as a legislator with a small, close-knit staff, Lockyer took on an executive position that demanded both policy direction and managerial acumen. The Department of Justice, of which he was “chief executive officer”, had some 5,000 employees, 1200 of whom were attorneys handling a caseload of 100,000 lawsuits – the equivalent, in the private sector of the seventh largest law firm in America. Much of the department's effort was as a service agency for the staggering demands of California's local law enforcement – 90,000 officers at 70,000 police terminals expecting split-second response from a state telecommunications network that received three million inquiries a day; background and fingerprints checks of a million annual applicants for positions as police officers, teachers and day-care providers, and “live scan” of another million and a half fingerprints taken during booking arrest, plus searches connected with 750,000 outstanding warrants for wanted suspects. This required Lockyer to radically restructure and reinvigorate his department with high-tech efficiencies and policy innovations to modernize the relationship between the attorney general and the law enforcement community. Having grown up in the Berkeley 'Sixties atmosphere of anti-police rhetoric, Lockyer, now described by the press as the state's "Top Cop", insisted on attending memorial services for more than 50 officers killed in the line of duty during his years in office.

At the same time, Lockyer steered the Justice Department to a new legal activism that reflected his liberal values in such areas of litigation and regulation as civil rights and anti-trust enforcement and consumer and environmental protection. He became one of the two most prominent state Attorneys General in the nation, rivaled in media attention only by New York's Eliot Spitzer. The two men were personal rivals as well, once nearly coming to blows after "screaming expletives at each other" at a Los Angeles convention of the National Association of Attorneys General. That organization elected Lockyer its president in 2003.

As attorney general, Lockyer sometimes had to defend official positions he found objectionable, such as asking the courts, in 2004, to invalidate San Francisco same-sex marriage licenses which conflicted with state law, though he personally supported the right of same-sex marriage which brought him under fire from both social conservatives and gay activists. On other occasions, the positions Lockyer defended matched his own, as when he defended California's 1996 legalization of medical marijuana against federal attacks by the Bush Administration. Lockyer found this particularly satisfying as he had come to strongly support "compassionate use" of Marijuana after living through his mother's and younger sister's deaths from leukemia.

Sex offenders, DNA testing, bullet coding
In grappling with the sheer size and range of the state's law enforcement responsibilities, Lockyer confronted, with varying success, several challenges that required his department to give new high-technology support to law enforcement agencies.

In 1996, the state legislature had passed California's version of "Megan's Law", which required authorities to make publicly available registration information provided to local police by former child molesters, rapists and others sex offenders after being released from custody. But the public could only access this information about registered sex offenders living in their communities by visiting a police station or calling a 900 toll-line number, until Lockyer's Department, with legislative approval in 2004, launched a public website allowing Internet users, by a simple search, to find personal details about more than 60,000 past sex offenders, and to locate, through an interactive map, such offenders living in their neighborhoods. The website faced initial complaints that, despite the State's efforts to prod local Police to provide accurate data, some of the information was outdated; and that, as the ACLU contended, there were too few restrictions to protect the civil liberties of those who had already completed their sentences. But the website did draw enormous public interest, receiving over 186,000,000 "hits" from more than 16,000,000 individual users in its first year of operation.

Another large-scale bio-tech challenge was expansion of State Crime Lab facilities to process DNA genetic samples taken from convicted felons, aiming to create the largest state-run DNA criminal data-bank in the country. Since 1988, California law had required blood samples taken from felons convicted of specific sex and violent crimes, in the hope of reinvigorating often “cold” investigations of unsolved crimes. When Lockyer took office, 100,000 of these blood samples were sitting in cold storage, still waiting to be analyzed and compared to DNA taken from crime scene evidence. In June 2001, Lockyer announced that with an expanded DNA Lab staff and new equipment, the backlog of unanalyzed blood samples had been entirely eliminated, leading to identification of suspects in homicide cases more than 15 years old. But then a voter-approved measure of 2004 that allowed police to gather DNA, not just from convicted violent criminals, but from anyone arrested, even without charge or conviction, for any felony, violent or otherwise led Lockyer himself to express reservations. "I personally wouldn't have put arrests in the measure," he said, adding that he would also have made it simpler for innocent people to get their information removed from the files – a complaint of civil libertarians who raised the specter of innocent people being kept in the same database as convicted armed felons. This also proved an administrative nightmare, as the backlog eliminated in 2001 had reappeared as a new backlog of 287,000 by 2006, forcing new efforts, with inadequate financial resources, to meet the television-viewing public's rising expectations of law enforcement efficiency.

After a Seattle company unveiled a new technology for "coding" individual bullets, Lockyer sponsored the first legislation in the country which would have required all handgun (but not rifle) ammunition sold in California to be engraved with a unique serial identification number. "We are losing too many of our young people to seemingly random shootings and anonymous killers," said Lockyer. The bill "will strip criminals of their anonymity and give law enforcement evidence it can use to quickly and effectively solve more gun crimes." The National Rifle Association and other gun rights groups – already at odds with Lockyer over enforcement of State prohibitions against semi-automatic rifles – strongly condemned the plan, saying criminals could easily obtain unmarked ammunition and that the whole process would create a costly enforcement bureaucracy. Manufacturers also opposed the measure as economically disastrous, since the engraving machines would cost up to half a million dollars each and would make virtually obsolete tens of millions of dollars in existing manufacturing equipment. The bill died in the legislature.

2000–2001 California energy crisis
Of the many actions taken by Lockyer's staff against corporate fraud and malfeasance, the most prominent were related to the state's energy crisis that began in the summer of 2000, marked by rolling blackouts, brownouts and the billions of dollars in price hikes that appeared on consumers' electrical bills. It later emerged that the "crisis" stemmed in part from illegal practices by energy corporations such as the now-defunct Enron. The exposure of these hidden offenses began in August 2000 when Lockyer created an Energy Task Force to launch the State's first investigation of alleged price gouging by power companies.

The Wall Street Journal scoffed at million-dollar rewards offered by the Attorney General's office for information about illegal conduct by energy powers, dismissing the allegations as unsupported by clear evidence. But such probes eventually led to some five billion dollars in brokered settlements by Enron and a half dozen other corporations which admitted to "gaming" the State's deregulated energy system.

Enron and prison-rape remark controversy
As Attorney General, Lockyer, during the Enron scandal of 2001, achieved some notoriety for his public quip, "I would love to personally escort [Enron CEO] Ken Lay to an 8-by-10 cell that he could share with a tattooed dude who says, 'Hi, my name is Spike, honey'". This remark was widely condemned as an endorsement of prison rape. Lockyer later apologized for the statement in a letter to the Los Angeles Times, saying, "My anger over the activities of energy barons doesn't come close to my lifelong outrage at the crime of rape. ... I guess I let my anger get the better of me in talking about the mercenary corporate executives who are making life so miserable for millions of Californians."

Auto industry global warming lawsuit
On September 20, 2006, Lockyer filed a lawsuit against what his office referred to as "the big six automakers" for their alleged contributions to global warming. Initial reaction was mixed, with some environmental groups being supportive, and an auto industry trade calling it a 'nuisance suit'. A similar suit in New York had been dismissed by a federal court.

The California suit was dismissed on September 17, 2007, with the court saying that "The adjudication of plaintiff's claim would require the court to balance the competing interests of reducing global warming emissions and the interests of advancing and preserving economic and industrial development."

Hewlett-Packard scandal
While Attorney General, in 2006, Lockyer and his staff conducted a criminal investigation into the Hewlett-Packard pretexting scandal to ascertain whether or not the investigators authorized by Chairman Patricia C. Dunn to discover the source of leaks from within the company illegally obtained the phone records of HP board members and journalists. Charges were subsequently brought against Dunn, which were dismissed by the court in 2007 (while Dunn was battling terminal cancer) in the "interests of justice".

Landmark legal cases

 * Silveira v. Lockyer (Restrictions on semi-automatic firearms)
 * Lockyer v. Andrade ("Three-strikes" criminal sentencing)
 * Lockyer v. City and County of San Francisco (Same-sex Marriage)

2003 gubernatorial recall election
An initiative to recall newly re-elected Governor Gray Davis qualified for the ballot in July 2003, with a special election, scheduled for October, to include both a referendum on the recall itself and a list of candidates vying to replace Davis if the recall succeeded. With some arm-twisting by U.S. Senator Dianne Feinstein, all the potential Democratic candidates, including Lockyer, agreed not to run, in the hope that this would strengthen Davis' campaign to defeat the recall.

At the start, it appeared that the strongest Republican candidate would be former Los Angeles Mayor Richard Riordan, who had unsuccessfully sought the Republican nomination for governor the previous year. Lockyer, at the start of August, publicly warned Davis and his political consultants against a repeat effort to sabotage Riordan's candidacy by negative attack ads: "If they do the trashy campaign on Dick Riordan ... I think there are going to be prominent Democrats that will defect and just say, 'We're tired of that puke politics. Don't you dare do it again or we're just going to help pull the plug.'"

Five days later, Arnold Schwarzenegger announced that he would run as a Republican in the recall election. Lockyer and Schwarzenegger had been casual friends since Lockyer's state senate years, when the actor had chaired the Governor's Council on Physical Fitness and Sports, and the two men had together toured charter schools in southern California. Later, Lt. Governor Cruz Bustamante announced he would become the only prominent Democrat to place his name on the recall ballot.

On October 7, by a decisive vote, Davis was recalled, and Schwarzenegger was elected to replace him. Two weeks later, at a UC Berkeley post-mortem conference on the election, Lockyer made the surprise announcement that while he had voted against the recall, he had also voted for Schwarzenegger, the first time he had ever voted for a Republican in a state election. He explained that he was "tired of transactional, cynical, deal-making politics," and that, for him, "Arnold represented... hope, change, reform, opportunity, upbeat problem solving". He added, "I hope I haven't been conned". Many fellow Democrats and feminists reacted bitterly to Lockyer's surprise announcement, which proved damaging to his future political aspirations.

2006 election
By a year into Schwarzenegger's governorship, Lockyer increasingly felt the Governor's performance was disheartening, marked by inexperience, lack of strong political conviction, and personal braggadocio. In a 2005 interview, Lockyer criticized Schwarzenegger's leadership style as demonstrating an "arrogance of power" with the "odor of Austrian politics", alluding to the Austrian-born Governor's upbringing in a country with a "long history" of "elite...autocracy".

Soon after the gubernatorial recall election, Lockyer, barred by term limit laws from seeking a third term as attorney general, began contemplating his own run for governor in the 2006 election. In January 2005, he tentatively announced his candidacy for governor: "the one and only office that has held abiding interest for me since I left the Legislature ... It's the job I want, not only because I think I'll be a great executive, but because I think that I can and will lead the best campaign you've ever seen, a winning Democratic campaign of ideas, ideals and inspiration to stake out a great future for California." Lockyer changed his mind four months later, saying that while he felt strongly about the need to improve education and transportation, and to address "the growing disparity" between the state's rich and poor, he was unwilling "to spend the next 10 years of my life" in the daily "partisan fighting" that plagued governors of both parties. In June 2005, he announced he would instead run for state treasurer. He was elected to that office in November of 2006.

Climate change and renewable energy finance initiatives
As treasurer (and ex officio trustee of CalPERS and CalSTRS, the two largest public employee pension funds in the United States) Lockyer tried to use the influence of his office in the aid of various environmental causes. These attempts included:

 * Expanding the "Green Wave" environmental initiative first proposed by Treasurer Phil Angelides in 2004 to a multibillion-dollar investment in renewable energy
 * With statutory authority of the Treasurer's California Alternative Energy and Advanced Transportation Financing Authority (CAEATFA), exempting new "Zero Emission Vehicle" manufacturers, such as electric automobile startup Tesla Motors, from sales and use tax on the purchase of equipment used in California manufacturing.
 * State purchase – the first by any governmental body in the US – of "Green Bonds" issued by the World Bank to finance Climate Change projects in developing countries
 * Providing a $48 million loan guarantee program to help California truckers comply with new diesel emission regulations put into force by the California Air Resources Board

Based on such state programs, Lockyer also sponsored federal legislation (H.R.3525,“Private Activity Bonds for Clean Energy Projects”) introduced in July 2009 by California Congressman Mike Thompson to provide tax-exempt bond financing nationally for private sector Renewable Energy projects, Zero-emission vehicle purchases, and "green" manufacturing facilities.

2008–09 California budget crisis
In the fall of 2008, with the economy faltering, the legislature very belatedly passed what Los Angeles Times political columnist George Skelton called "another atrocious, short-sighted, gimmicky budget that set a record for procrastination" and "wreaked havoc all across California among small business vendors, healthcare centers and nursing homes that couldn't be paid by the state until a budget was enacted."

Lockyer was also critical of the budget, describing its budgetary provisions to Skelton as "banana republic financing", based on accounting gimmicks (that "give gimmicks a bad name"), "phony inflated estimates of revenue" and a "boondoggle" of "massive" corporate tax breaks at a time of mounting State deficit.

In 2009, it was discovered that the state faced a $25 billion deficit, following a sharp drop in tax revenues.

As negotiations began to revise the state budget, Lockyer tried to convince U.S. Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner to provide a guarantee for state bond payments. "A fiscal meltdown by California ... would surely destabilize the U.S., if not worldwide financial markets," Lockyer wrote to Geithner on May 13. The Obama Administration declined the request.

Earlier, Lockyer warned the legislative conference committee that private lenders would be leery of any more "smoke-and-mirrors accounting tricks" and that lawmakers would have to rely heavily on spending cuts to balance the budget: "It seems to me that the kind of budget we will require before the end of June is almost entirely comprisedof [sic] cuts ... My suggestion to you is don't delay the pain. It's going to be awful, but just get it done. It's going to be worse if it doesn't get done."

Lockyer was also quoted as telling Democratic legislators that, "fair or not", angry voters blamed them for "12 years of flowing red ink". "Why don't you start with the realization that probably none of you are going to be back here next year?", after the 2010 elections. "You're not going to get reelected. Just put the politics out of your brain ... That's a very liberating thought, and with it you can get a lot done."

When the legislature failed to pass a balanced budget before the start of the new fiscal year on July 1, 2009, State Controller John Chiang began issuing IOUs to some state creditors. Lockyer suggested having a respected intermediary mediate between the Republican governor and the Democratic-controlled legislature. Republican State Senator Bob Huff scoffed at the idea, saying, "No caucus is going to go with that... I'm not going to vote for new taxes just because some mediator told me to."

Throughout the budget crisis, Lockyer warned that an impasse would increasingly raise the costs of short-and long-term state borrowing, ultimately as much as an additional $7.5 billion in interest over the next 30 years. On July 6, with no budget agreement yet concluded, Fitch Ratings downgraded California's bond rating to BBB, just one notch above the dividing line between investment grade and speculative grade "junk" bonds. A Lockyer spokesman estimated that this downgrade alone would represent an immediate "hit of hundreds of millions of dollars" in higher credit costs.

As California continued to issue IOUs to cover $350 million in short-term debt, the formal standing of California bonds continued to decline. Moody's joined Fitch in cutting the State's debt rating (though still three levels above "junk" status), because of "increasing" risk to debt service payments. And a London firm which tracks speculative "credit default swaps" ranked California ninth in the world among the 10 governmental entities most likely to default on their financial obligations. A Lockyer spokesman called this assessment "ludicrous", and Lockyer himself continued to insist, as he had done throughout the crisis, that the threat of default was "infinitesimally small... short of a thermonuclear war."

Two days later, on July 16, Lockyer stated, “I call on the Governor and Legislature to focus exclusively on what it takes to bring this year’s budget back in balance, honestly and immediately. I urge them to...quit adding or resurrecting endless ideological debating points, and to stop using budget negotiations to score points with political allies or against partisan opponents." He added that the state's credit rating was moving "closer and closer to the junk pile... If our credit rating sinks to junk status, the state will find the door to the infrastructure bond market locked shut".

One Democratic insider stated that by this "tongue-lashing of legislative leaders", the "ever-blunt" Lockyer "didn't win...any friends in the Capitol".

Four days after Lockyer's remarks, the Governor and legislative leaders finally announced they had reached agreement on a complex budget plan which combined spending cuts with various accounting maneuvers.

A month later, Standard and Poor's removed California bonds from its "credit watch list", indicating that while the bonds still had a negative outlook, they were not "under threat of an imminent downgrade". Lockyer was optimistic about this "positive development ... It reflects confidence that the budget solution adopted by the governor and legislature gets us on the right track..."

2010 Tesla, Toyota and NUMMI Electric Auto Partnership
When the Toyota corporation announced it would close the NUMMI auto plant in Fremont, California, after its long-time partner in the facility, General Motors, pulled out of the partnership, Lockyer appointed a blue-ribbon commission that publicized the adverse economic consequences of plant closure and the unemployment of several thousand workers, and pleaded with Toyota to reconsider. The company refused.

But then Lockyer, working behind the scenes, helped arrange a new partnership at the NUMMI plant between Toyota and Tesla Motors, an electric car company, which he had assisted in the past through the Treasurer's "Green Wave" investment policies.

2010 election
Three of Lockyer's predecessors as state treasurer – Jesse Unruh, Kathleen Brown, and Phil Angelides – had lost gubernatorial campaigns, and Democratic pundits considered the treasurer's job a much "smaller bully pulpit" which did not provide a good springboard to higher office.

Despite persistent rumors that Lockyer, who had earlier accumulated a $10 million political war chest, might be a "dark horse" possibility for governor in 2010, he expressed no interest in mounting a campaign to succeed Schwarzenegger. When asked about the possibility, Lockyer stated that he saw no chance of winning a primary election battle with former governor Jerry Brown (his successor as attorney general), who eventually emerged as the unchallenged Democratic nominee and went on to win the general election. Lockyer also said he preferred spending time with his family. "You kill yourself being a Governor", he joked, "and then maybe you get a new aqueduct named after you".

In an article probing Schwarzenegger's political unpopularity in his final months in office, George Skelton, after quoting Lockyer's reflection on the fickle electorate ("Our state voters have very high expectations of what government can do. And their haste to criticize is very high") opined that Lockyer "might have been governor himself if he were more ambitious and photogenic, and sometimes less blunt".

Having faced no opposition in the Democratic primary, Lockyer, using the attention-getting campaign slogan, "Straight Talk, No Bull#*+!" was re-elected for a final term as state treasurer in the November 2010 election, defeating a Republican state senator from Orange County, Mimi Walters, and receiving more votes that year than any elected official in the United States. He was endorsed by the Sacramento Bee, Oakland Tribune, San Francisco Chronicle, Los Angeles Times, and the San Jose Mercury News, which concluded that "the Hayward Democrat has done well at a number of jobs over several decades, from the Legislature to attorney general. But as state treasurer for the past four years, he has really shone, maturing to near-statesman stature..."

Retirement from public office
In 2012, Lockyer was seriously considered for chancellor of the California State University system, but the position went instead to a professional educational administrator. Then, unable to run for a third term as treasurer due to term limits, he expressed a tentative interest in running for state controller in 2014, but instead announced his retirement from elected office. He is now Of Counsel to the Boston-based international law firm, Brown Rudnick, advising clients in the firm's Orange County office on government law and strategies.

title: Bill Lockyer


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Kenneth Joel Hotz

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was KEEP. But I'll take the move to no-middle-name advice. -Splash 01:53, 3 September 2005 (UTC)
 * It's already done. -Splash 01:54, 3 September 2005 (UTC)

Kenneth Joel Hotz
Vanity/non-notable. Paul Klenk 06:38, 28 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy Keep I have no problem with this article, it's about Kenny of Kenny vs. Spenny and (I now know) other film works. Alf 06:47, 28 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy keep implies that you think the nomination has been made in bad faith. Zoe 07:07, August 28, 2005 (UTC)
 * I didn't intend to imply anything, the guy is really quite famous, obviously not vanity and definitely notbale, if that means the nom was bad faith, it stands then. Alf 10:35, 28 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep - the importance of the subject appears to be explained in the article, currently. --Mysidia (talk) 07:21, 28 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Normally I would say that the star of a popular TV show is notable. Paul Klenk, are you claiming otherwise?  Is there some reason this isn't true?  Until a better explanation comes along, Keep. Nandesuka 12:32, 28 August 2005 (UTC)
 * I suspect this is "non-notable" in the sense of "well, I've never heard of them." Unless it's non-notable in the sense of "different rules for Canadians". Keep, though admittedly it needs some grammar cleanup. Should also be titled Kenny Hotz, not Kenneth Joel Hotz, per "most common name" rules. Bearcat 07:18, 29 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy keep and possibly rename as per Bearcat. Hall Monitor 22:52, 30 August 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text: User talk:68.54.78.49

title: User talk:68.54.78.49


text:
Fitzroy Tavern

The Fitzroy Tavern is a public house situated at Charlotte Street in the Fitzrovia district of central London, England, owned by Samuel Smith Old Brewery.

It became famous during a period spanning the 1920s to the mid-1950s as a meeting place for many of London's artists, intellectuals and bohemians such as Jacob Epstein, Nina Hamnett, Dylan Thomas, Augustus John, and George Orwell.

It is named either directly or indirectly after the Fitzroy family, Dukes of Grafton, who owned much of the land on which Fitzrovia was built.

The building was originally constructed as the Fitzroy Coffee House, in 1883, and converted to a pub (called "The Hundred Marks") in 1887, by W. M. Brutton. In the early years of the 20th century, Judah Morris Kleinfeld became licensee. He rebranded it the "Fitzroy Tavern" in March 1919. The licence then passed to his daughter and her husband Charles Allchild who ran it into the 1950s.

His granddaughter Sally Fiber who worked behind the bar from a very young age eventually wrote a history of the pub, "The Fitzroy: The Autobiography of a London Tavern" with the help of Clive Powell-Williams. There are photographs on the walls of both Michael Bentine and Dylan Thomas drinking in the pub.

By the 1990s, the Fitzroy came to be closely associated with the fandom of Doctor Who and held regular fan meetings. Many figures associated with the show were also regular patrons, including Russell T Davies, Steven Moffat, Paul Cornell, Nicholas Briggs, and Mark Gatiss.

Since 2000 it has been the home of the Pear Shaped Comedy Club which runs every Wednesday in the downstairs bar.

In 2018, the pub was given a pub design award by CAMRA for its 2015 refurbishment, in which its original Victorian appearance was retained and revived. Polished mahogany partitions with acid-etched glass were installed downstairs to recreate the original snugs, while wrought-iron pub signs in keeping with the originals were erected outside.

title: Fitzroy Tavern


text:
Talk:Cold (band)

Untitled
This article is horribly written.

It is. I can't revise it because I'm not sure of thier past history and everything. Anyone care to revise it? TearAwayTheFunerealDress 16:30, 3 November 2005 (UTC)

Comments
It is rather poorly written, and certain things are missing, for example, the Psi-Ops video game promotion, playing at E3 etc. Also, the artwork should be changed, it looks way too low res for something like this.

-- Speaking of games, the song "Happens All The Time" is also included with the Xbox 360 Hard Drive as one of the pre-loaded songs. --Really? Interesting, didn't know that, then again, I don't own a 360..yet.

 * I am actually collecting some EPs, and right now here are some that this article are missing:
 * Cold - Give
 * Cold - Something Wicked This Way Comes
 * Cold - Project 13
 * Cold - Stupid Girl (Single)
 * Cold - Psi-Ops: The Mindgate Conspiracy Soundtrack
 * Cold - A Different Kind Of Pain: Bonus Tracks
 * There is also a "Unreleased Cold" cd which is extremely rare, and the "Go Away EP".

Disbanding?
So does Cold still exist or not? This article is confusing. It first says that Cold is bowing out gracefully or whatever, but then the last line says that Cold hasn't disbanded.

Cold has most definately not disbanded but rather gone on a hiatus as stated somewhere in the article. Scooter Ward and Sam McCandles have been recording new material for a side project band titled "The Witch." Scooter stated that this new band's songs would be even darker than those by Cold. As of now, there is no tour for The Witch and nothing about an album being released. They (Scooter and Sam) are still in the recording process and Scooter stated on the Witch's official Myspace (www.myspace.com/thewitchproject) that it could be very well up to a year before anything about an album is done. Cold still lives on and will eventually be making music once again.

No, they're on hiatus so far as I know, someone hacked Ward's myspace and announced a supposed break up.

Very recently, Ward's MySpace account was hacked by an imposter. Ward appologised for any comments the imposter made and announced that Cold isn't going to disband.
 * I have a question on the following sentence:
 * Does this mean that Cold isn't going to disband, or that the hacker said that Cold isn't going to disband, and therefore it's a lie?
 * It should be rephrased as "Cold is not, despite what the hacker said, disbanding" or "The hacker stated that Cold was not going to disband. This isn't true however".

post-punk revival?
AMG calls them that, and many other sources call them punk. Itachi1452 00:12, 28 January 2007 (UTC)

When November Falls
I have made some contributions to the article on Scooter's new project When November Falls, also i have made a page for the debut album The Series of Emotion, both of them will need more information otherwise they will be deleted... i really hope this doesn't happen... p.s. the new songs are awesome check out their myspace page to listen *smiles*. --Dave 07:17, 15 February 2007 (UTC)

Whoever added the new stuff...
Please fix it... some of the singles point to pages about other albums of other bands, which i'm sure isn't intended, please make pages for them eg. for the single Give maybe you could make a page for them (and others) with like Give (Cold Album), that way they'll have their own page :). I love Cold but since i don't have the singles and things like that which someone who added them does (unfortunatly whoever made the edit did it without a wikipedia username :'. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 220.253.63.81 (talk) 12:26, 20 February 2007 (UTC).

Christian influences/rock etc
Actually, even there is no proof of it, or even verified, Scooter Ward is a very religious person, as is witnessed with songs such as Cure My Tragedy (A Letter To God). While he isn't "outspokenly" Christian and I don't think it honestly belongs on the page, I believe that is where people who add it might construe it from. -- Shatterzer0 00:16, 19 June 2007 (UTC)

 * I guess that makes sense. But as you said, it is not factual. I do love that song though. Johaen 01:12, 19 June 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Coldlogo.gif
Image:Coldlogo.gif is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot 10:01, 27 October 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Cold (band).jpg
Image:Cold (band).jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images lacking such an explanation can be deleted one week after being tagged, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot (talk) 19:44, 13 February 2008 (UTC)

New CD/EP Collection
As much as I want to believe this, there's no source. And after just looking at TK&TS's MySpace blog, there doesn't seem to be any mention of this in there. It goes back to March, and on that page there's no mention of a new Cold CD. Can we get a real source before another false rumor of a Cold CD is passed around as fact again? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.234.80.72 (talk) 18:56, 7 August 2008 (UTC)
 * Ah, answered my own question. It wasn't on TS&TS's page, it was on Cold's blog.  I have the link, but don't know if it should be added to the article.  You probably have to be a MySpace member to view the blog, but here's the link:
 * http://blog.mys***pace.com/index.cfm?fuseaction=blog.view&friendID=2781922&blogID=418211436&Mytoken=B6363094-DA2E-4D37-BA800C2CFF4F1FAD196566347
 * I'm going to go fix the article with the proper blog, but don't know how it should be cited. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.234.80.72 (talk) 19:04, 7 August 2008 (UTC)

Suggestion
As a reader of Cold's article,and as a reader who hasn't heard their music, The biggest problem I see in this article is that it doesn't have the parts "Style" and "Influences" wich are very important in Music bands' articles.So I suggest anyone who has heard their music and who has reliable sources about their Style and Influences, to add this part as fast.Cause it's a big problem in this article.(I myself am trying to find a source for this)Solino the Wolf (talk) 12:23, 9 December 2008 (UTC)

Line-up history
I've merged the line-up history back to this article. It doesn't make much sense as a stand-alone list. I would also recommend scrapping the first of the two tables. It is better served by text explaining the changes and the second table is a better visual. Pichpich (talk) 21:31, 24 July 2009 (UTC)

Not nu-metal.
I understand that Wiki relies on sources for information contained in articles, but I think everyone can agree that just because something is written SOMEWHERE doesn't mean it's necessarily accurate or not the work of someone's opinion. According to some music journalists, Cold is a nu-metal band. Sorry to say, but music journalism is not an area that features professionals who have deeply studied their subject (music) in any scientific, academic way. It just doesn't come with the subject's territory. When you read medical journals and other publications of the sort, the articles are written by people who have a deep, studied, official knowledge of the subject. Even further, these are usually reviewed by their peers, who must agree that the writer knows what they are writing about. This is not the case with music journalism. Genres are hard to describe, because they can be slightly subjective. For that reason, people do a lot of "lumping" when it comes to bands and artists. They basically say, "Oh, Staind, Cold, and Trust Company all toured with nu-metal bands in the early 2000s? Then they must ALSO be nu-metal! (Even though these three bands have never had any hip-hop, funk, electronic, etc. elements to them)". If the inclusion of the term 'nu-metal' on Cold's wiki is based on information contained in the Wikipedia page for nu-metal, then we can compare the aspects between the genre and this band. Let's do that. According to the nu-metal page, these are the main aspects of the genre's sound followed by a breakdown of how Cold fits into them. With this being said, I am removing nu-metal from the band's genre list. If anyone can provide a sound argument on why this should be there, speak your mind here. But don't offer some link to a hack journalist, or, even worse, some huge music site ran by a handful of people who just copy and paste information on bands from other sites without doing any research of their own. I would like to add that I am not trying to fight a genre-war because I am in any way associated with this band. Additionally, I am not trying to prevent them from being labeled as nu-metal because I have some sort of embarrassment or shame for liking a band labeled as such. I'm happy to admit to liking many nu-metal bands like 3rd Strike, Linkin Park, Darwin's Waiting Room, etc. I just can't stand when something is labeled incorrectly.Hsxeric (talk) 01:50, 28 April 2014 (UTC)
 * Nu metal bassists and drummers often draw influence from funk and hip hop break beats.
 * Really don't hear any funk or rap beats in any Cold songs.
 * Use of seven-string guitars (which are sometimes downtuned) over traditional six-string guitars.
 * They use six-string guitars.
 * DJs are also sometimes used for additional rhythmic instrumentation such as music sampling, turntable scratching and electronic backgrounds.
 * They do not employ any of these aspects in their music.
 * Nu metal vocal styles range between singing, rapping, screaming and death growling, sometimes using multiple of these styles within one song.
 * In Cold's entire catalog, Scooter pretty much spends 95% of the time singing and 5% screaming/yelling.
 * The lyrics of many nu metal bands focus on pain and personal alienation.
 * Scoter's lyrics are mostly about relationships, fairytales, drugs, music, and spirituality, unlike nu-metal bands that sing about being picked on in school and abused by their parents.
 * Nu metal uses the traditional pop structure of verses, choruses and bridges.
 * So does pop, and rock, and pop-punk, and pop-rock, and grunge, etc. See the point?
 * Nu metal is also sometimes noted for participation of women in the genre.
 * No women in Cold. But still, women are found in many music genres.
 * Bands associated with nu metal have derived influence from a variety of diverse styles, including electronic music, funk, glam metal, gothic rock, hardcore punk, hip hop, New Wave music, industrial metal, jazz, post-punk, symphonic rock and synthpop. Nu metal also derives influences from multiple sub-genres of heavy metal including rap metal, funk metal, alternative metal and thrash metal.
 * Glam? Goth? Hip-hop? Industrial/electronic? Funk metal? Rap metal? Thrash? Jazz? I really doubt you can argue these aspects can be found anywhere in any Cold song. They're a rock band, basically. Nothing fancy.

Nu metal bands that don't rap or use turntables:

Staind (they do play nu metal. Listen to "Wannabe", "Mudshovel" and "Crawl".) Drowning Pool (Sinner album) Disturbed (The Sickness album) (although synthesizers are heard a few times) Korn (they do have rapping in some songs. They don't use turntables. They use electronics a little bit. Sometimes they mimic turntables or hip hop sounds with guitars.) Godsmack Taproot (early 2000s) Evanescence (except their song "Bring Me to Life") Static-X (I haven't heard them ever rap) Dope Powerman 5000 Orgy Mudvayne (except a few songs on their first album) Trapt (only two songs by them that I've heard are nu metal. Both don't have rapping.) Flaw (they have rapped before but they have made nu metal music that doesn't have rapping.)

Nu metal songs that don't have lyrics about being picked on in school or being abused:

"Sinner" by Drowning Pool "Stupify" by Disturbed "Fuck Off" by Kid Rock "Rollin'" by Limp Bizkit "Boom" by P.O.D. "Click Click Boom" by Saliva "Nookie" by Limp Bizkit "Bodies" by Drowning Pool "Tear Away" by Drowning Pool "Alive" by P.O.D. "Confrontation" by OTEP "My Generation" by Limp Bizkit

Nu metal songs with only singing:

"For You" by Staind "Greed" by Godsmack "Whatever" by Godsmack "Going Under" by Evanescence "Coming Undone" by Korn (one part of the song has vocals that lack melody but aren't screaming, aren't rapping and aren't growling.) "A.D.I.D.A.S." by Korn (some rough singing is in the song but that's still singing.)

Nu metal bands can use six-string guitars. I bet Papa Roach, Saliva, P.O.D. and Linkin Park all use six-string guitars.

Cold's music does derive from alternative metal and grunge, two genres that Nu metal derives from.

Cold were quite Nu metal at first. But they stopped playing nu metal. Some of their early music is based a lot on rhythm and syncopation which nu metal is based on and a lot of it has rhythmic drumming. Hip-hop is very rhythmic and syncopated and that's what influenced and shaped nu metal. Cold used a lot of syncopated and rhythmic drumming and rhythms in their early music. Nu metal bands don't have to rap and use turntables. They don't have to have lyrics about being picked on at school or being abused. They don't have to use seven-string guitars. They don't have to scream or growl. I'm going to re-add the music style section and remember the section will say that they have been described as nu metal but it doesn't mean the section is saying Cold are nu metal just saying that the band were described as nu metal. Don't remove the music style section, if you don't want nu metal in the genre field, then start a consensus on this talk page and I could remove nu metal from the genre field.

Statik N (talk) 21:55, 22 November 2015 (UTC)

 * Hmmm....I completely disagree with you. First of all, using other bands in your argument doesn't really make sense to me. Especially when some of these bands aren't even nu-metal either (Godsmack? Staind? nawwww. Hard rock/alternative metal, IMO). Secondly, syncopated beats? Where? I've never heard this in Cold's music. Not to talk trash about Cold or Sam (drummer), but they aren't exactly known for being very innovative or progressive in terms of their songwriting/drumming. They're not a pop-band, but they're definitely not Rush, Dream Theater, or Meshuggah. Lastly, are you sure you are thinking about THEIR old stuff, and not someone else's? Go listen to "Give", "Go Away", "Ugly", and "Insane" and try to tell me they sound more like Korn than Alice In Chains. Come on, man. That album is pure post-grunge. It has all the darkness and moodiness of grunge, but with a more modern sound. As for 13 Ways, I don't hear any progressive elements there, either. OR nu-metal. Many of the lyrics are about drug-use (HELLLOOOO! Grunge!) and the feel is continuation of the first album, but with a better overall sound (improved guitar tones, tighter band, ect). I don't understand why I have to the be the one to start a consensus to keep NU METAL off the page. Shouldn't it be the other way around? This page was fine for years and then you want to add NU METAL and you have free reign to do so without getting YOUR own consensus? I call foul. Please, explain to me why you're right and I am wrong.

Hsxeric (talk) 18:44, 25 November 2015 (UTC)

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Members
Who was second guitarist in 1998? In Youtube there is a video “COLD - FULL concert pt.2 1998-10-07”, and “Strip Her Down” plays second guitarist (Scooter only sing).

Den1101 (talk) 10:21, 27 December 2019 (UTC)

It's not Terry B. or not Matt L. Most likely just their guitar tech. Bands do this when they don't want to hire a musician to play an entire tour/show just for one song where a second guitar is needed.

Hsxeric (talk) 11:41, 4 January 2020 (UTC)

The membership chart had some weird diagonal black lines, which I was able to remove by changing Scooter Ward's vocal lead start date to 01/02/1986... I have no idea why this worked...

title: Talk:Cold (band)


text:
Talk:New York World

Baseball
Simon Winchester's 2003 book "Krakatoa" claims the World newspaper was in fact the source of the name for the baseball championship, but I've moved Pappas link from the World Series wiki page to encourage reading. --Crid 06:49, 28 August 2005 (UTC)

Featured graphic . ..
Just my personal opinion, but I feel the Mark Twain front page is more emblematic of the World that is a photo of a mat that may have been used in printing the paper. The mat is very dark, but the Twain graphic is bright and colorful, more like the newspaper itself. Remember, it did use colored inks. Sincerely, GeorgeLouis (talk) 21:21, 24 May 2011 (UTC)

cited note not available?
http://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9E01E3DF103BE03ABC4D51DFB166838C609EDE Abraham Lincoln's "forged" note is not available at the link provided in the article anymore. I'll start looking for a copy to replace it in the citation. — Preceding unsigned comment added by OneRyt (talk • contribs) 22:33, 7 October 2011 (UTC)

Name of this newspaper and article
I believe the correct name of this newspaper is "The World", not "New York World". Copies I have seen invariably have at the top of the front page only the words "The" and "World" separated by artwork. Libraries that have it index it under W not N. I have never seen any issue from any year that has "New York World".

I suggest renaming the article to The World. JoeBrennan (talk) 20:24, 21 January 2013 (UTC)

No mention of the USS Maine sinking?
Their involvement in sensationalizing it and push for a war with Spain seems like a real good example for the accusations of sensationalism and yellow journalism, more so considering the USS Maine article already mentions this. 87.223.71.227 (talk) 00:50, 23 March 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:New York World


text:
CFAM

CFAM (950 AM) is a radio station broadcasting a community-oriented full service format of classical music, talk radio with a community focus, agricultural and financial reports and religious programming. Licensed to Altona, Manitoba, the station serves the Pembina Valley region of the province.

CFAM shares its location with sister stations CKMW-FM and CJEL-FM.

History
It first began broadcasting on March 13, 1957 at 1290 kHz before moving to its current dial position in 1968.

The station is currently owned by Golden West Broadcasting.

2017 marked CFAM's 60th anniversary.

title: CFAM


text:
User:Vectorlyme

Online user name Vectorlyme (sometimes Vectorlime) is Kevin Buckstiegel.

Biography
Born and raised in Petoskey, Michigan. Graduated Petoskey High School in 1993. Attended Central Michigan University [1994-1997] studying computer multimedia before the classes were conceived. Moved back to Petoskey and started a career in web site design at Freeway/Gaslight Media. In 1999, moved to Chicago continuing work in web and graphic design as a interface architect for HannaHodge. After the dot com bust, started and continues today to freelance web and graphic design work. Another reason for moving to Chicago was to be accepted and live 'normal' as a gay man.

Interests and Influences

 * Videoblogging
 * Beatrice Arthur - founder of primary fan web site
 * Apple Computers
 * Video
 * Voltron
 * Masters of the Universe
 * Transformers
 * Amateur Radio
 * 1980s
 * Tears For Fears
 * The Cure
 * Pet Shop Boys
 * Andy Warhol

Contact Information

 * email :: kevin [at] LGT2.com
 * personal web site :: http://www.LGT2.com
 * design business web site :: http://www.limegreentangerine.com
 * blog | podcast | vlog :: http://www.LGT2.com/limeblogbeta
 * AIM/iChat :: vectorlyme
 * Yahoo Messenger :: vectorlime
 * MSN Messenger :: vectorlyme@hotmail.com
 * Skype :: vectorlyme
 * ICQ :: 2330978

title: User:Vectorlyme


text: User talk:71.111.78.116

title: User talk:71.111.78.116


text:
User:Tanmoy.goswami

Tanmoy Goswami is a Information Technology Expert located in of Darjeeling District in the West Bengal state of India. He works with TechnoDG, the largest ITS provider of the North East India.

title: User:Tanmoy.goswami


text:
Talk:Guy Chambers

Untitled
What a talented man. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 84.9.159.27 (talk) 06:44, 28 August 2005 (UTC)

 * On the 'Angels' page, it states that it was actually written by Robbie Williams and an Irish musician who sold the rights to the song. Therefore I don't think it's correct to say Chambers 'penned' the song, if in fact he is supposed to have polished it. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 87.74.132.185 (talk) 00:54, 28 October 2006 (UTC)

 * Indeed a talented man...Chris Heath's book ("Feel") refers to the claims by that Irish man (Raymond Heffernan), whom Robbie William befriended for a while, about the time that Williams was working on some lyrics for Angels. The book claims that Williams met Chambers around the time he (Williams) was ending his friendship with Heffernan because of the Irishman's increasingly weird behavior. Chambers quickly came up with the music for Angels and the final song was born. At the very least it seems that Chambers deserves recognition as a co-writer, and Heffernan's claims as a co-writer seem very tenuous.

 * On another point - this article insinuates that Chambers was really the creator of all songs co-written by him and Williams. Independent reviews of William's album "Intensive Care" by reviewers such as the Guardian Newspaper refute this by the evidence of the obvious influence of Williams on Stephen Duffy's musical style. From that one can deduce that Williams was also a big part in the Chamber/Willams partnership. Chris Heath's book hints that Williams' role in albums before "Escapology" was quite minimal in the recording studio, but as Williams achieved sobriety (as he seems to have before recording Escapology) then his part in the writing and recording of the songs was very important. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 208.1.67.34 (talk) 17:27, 15 February 2007 (UTC)

Chambers is currently in Los Angeles working with Robbie Williams
Is this true? I thought they fell out? 84.12.135.186 14:47, 30 October 2007 (UTC)

According to Robbie Williams page, they are back together as songwriting partners, the album is done, but having issues with EMI in terms of marketing. That was on the news today, and if Robbie is gonig on strike against EMI, Coldplay & Radiohead may follow suit.TimHowardII (talk) 09:18, 12 January 2008 (UTC)

Hidden tracks
One of Guy Chamber's trademark move is having hidden tracks on albums he worked in. — Preceding unsigned comment added by TimHowardII (talk • contribs) 09:18, 12 January 2008 (UTC)

Lyrics? Music? Both?
I’m thinking of his collaborations with Robbie Williams. Is the answer known? If so, it’s not in this article. Boscaswell  talk  04:55, 13 April 2020 (UTC)

 * This suggests that it’s a true collaboration, not another Elton|Bernie Taupin division of duties.  Again, that’s not clear in the article.  Boscaswell   talk  05:02, 13 April 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Guy Chambers


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Marshall Sachs

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was userfy.

Marshall Sachs
Hoax page about his blog and his love of porn. Paul Klenk 06:44, 28 August 2005 (UTC)
 * SPEEDY delete this nonsense. Dottore So 07:10, 28 August 2005 (UTC)
 * I agree, should be speedy delete.
 * Comment I have suggested the intial editor comments here. Alf 10:51, 28 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Sorry I userfied it before I noticed it was under VfD. If he moves it back into the main namespace we can re-open this. -- RHaworth 11:57:27, 2005-08-28 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
C. Fox Smith

Cicely Fox Smith (1 February 1882 – 8 April 1954) was an English poet and writer. Born in Lymm, Cheshire and educated at Manchester High School for Girls, she briefly lived in Canada, before returning to the United Kingdom shortly before the outbreak of World War I. She settled in Hampshire and began writing poetry, often with a nautical theme. Smith wrote over 600 poems in her life, for a wide range of publications. In later life, she expanded her writing to a number of subjects, fiction and non-fiction. For her services to literature, the British Government awarded her a small pension.

Early life
Cicely Fox Smith was born 1 February 1882, into a middle-class family in Lymm, near Warrington, England during the latter half of the reign of Queen Victoria. Her father was a barrister and her grandfather was a clergyman. Smith well might have been expected to have a brief education and then to settle down to life as a homemaker either for her family or her marriage partner.

She was well educated at Manchester High School for Girls from 1894 to 1897, where she described herself later as "something of a rebel," and started writing poems at a comparatively early age. In an article for the school magazine Smith later wrote "I have a hazy recollection of epic poems after Pope's Iliad, romantic poems after Marmion stored carefully away in tin tobacco boxes when I was seven or eight." All of that early work is lost unfortunately. She published her first book of verses when she was 17 and it received favourable press comments.

Wandering the moors near her home she developed a spirit of adventure. She would follow the Holcombe Harriers hunt on foot as a girl. She had a fierce desire to travel to Africa but eventually settled for a voyage to Canada. Smith likely sailed with her sister Madge in 1911 on a steamship to Montreal, where she would then have travelled by train to Lethbridge, Alberta, staying for about a year with her older brother Richard Andrew Smith before continuing on to British Columbia (BC). From 1912 to 1913 she resided in the James Bay neighbourhood of Victoria at the southern tip of Vancouver Island, working as a typist for the BC Lands Department and later for an attorney on the waterfront. Her spare time was spent roaming nearby wharves and alleys, talking to residents and sailors alike. She listened to and learned from the sailors' tales until she too was able to speak with that authoritative nautical air that pervades her written work.

On 23 November 1913, Smith, with her mother and sister, arrived home in Liverpool aboard the White Star Line steamer Teutonic on the eve of World War I. She and her family then settled in Hampshire.

Poet
She soon put her experiences to use in a great outpouring of poetry, some of it clearly focused on supporting England's war efforts. Much of her poetry was from the point of view of the sailor. The detailed nautical content of her poems made it easy to understand why so many readers assumed that Smith was male. One correspondent wrote to her as "Capt. Fox Smith" and when she tried to correct him he wrote back "You say you are not a master but you must be a practical seaman. I can always detect the hand of an amateur." He was almost correct. She was familiar with life at sea as few armchair amateur would ever be. It was only when she was well established that she started routinely using the by-line "Miss C. Fox Smith" or "Cicely Fox Smith."

Smith initially had her poetry published in a variety of magazines and newspapers: Blackwood's Magazine, Blue Peter, Canada Monthly, Country Life, Cunard Magazine, Daily Chronicle, Grand Magazine, Holly Leaves, the Outlook, Pall Mall Gazette, The Daily Mail, The Dolphin, The London Mercury, The Nautical Magazine, The Spectator, The Sphere, The Times Literary Supplement, Westminster Gazette, White Star Magazine, The Windsor Magazine, The Week and The Daily Colonist (BC) and Punch for which she wrote many poems between 1914 and her death in 1954. She later re-published much of this poetry in her many books. In all, with the new edition, she published well over 660 poems.

In June 2012, the first edition of The Complete Poetry of Cicely Fox Smith, edited by Charles Ipcar (US) and James Saville (UK), was published by Little Red Tree Publishing in the US, and contained all the poems known at that time. The second edition (2015) added 74 new poems, some published for the first time, thanks to the work of numerous researchers around the world, including Jake Wade and Danny McLeod. Included in the second edition is an important introduction by Marcia Phillips McGowan, PhD, (Distinguished Professor Emerita of English, Eastern Connecticut State University), in which she reclaims Cicely Fox Smith in the continuum of important women poets of the early 20 century.

Later life
Other books by Smith included three romantic novels, numerous short stories and articles, as well as several books describing "sailortown." She also published a book of traditional sea shanties that she had collected, and edited a collection of sea poems and stories primarily by other authors. In 1937 Smith finally realised a childhood dream by sailing around the coast of Africa, as a guest of the Union-Castle Mail Steamship Co. Ltd., stopping in the harbors along the way. She wrote of her experiences in All the Way Round: Sea Roads to Africa. In the 1940s she began writing children's sea stories with her sister Margaret (Madge) Scott Smith, other travel books, history books, a book about ship models, at least one biography titled Grace Darling, and contributed to and edited many collections.

The fine art work of her older brother Philip Wilson Smith, known at the time for his etchings of Elizabethan architecture and oil paintings, illustrates many of her poetry and prose books.

Her literary outpourings were such as to persuade the Government to award her, at the age of 67, a modest pension for "her services to literature."

Smith kept writing to the end of her life about many things and many places but always with the accuracy and knowledge of an expert. She even chose her own gravestone epitaph, an extract from one of Walter Raleigh's poems:

"But from this earth

This grave

This dust

My lord shall raise me up

I trust"

Cicely Fox Smith died on 8 April 1954, in Poltimore House Nursing Home, Poltimore, Devon, about 15-20 miles from Bow where she'd been living with her sister Madge.

Legacy
Over 70 of Smith's poems have been adapted for singing and have been recorded, primarily in the nautical folk song tradition.

Publications
Books by C. Fox Smith include:

 * A Book of Famous Ships (Houghton Mifflin, New York © 1924)
 * A Book of Shanties (traditional sea songs) (Methuen & Co., London © 1927)
 * A Sea Chest: an Anthology of Ships and Sailormen (Methuen & Co., London © 1927)
 * Adventures and Perils of the Sea (1936)
 * All the Way Round: Sea Road to Africa (1938)
 * Anchor Lane (1933)
 * Ancient Mariners: Some Salt Water Yesterdays (1928)
 * Country Days & Country Ways: Trudging Afoot in England (1947)
 * Fighting Men (Methuen 1916)
 * Full Sail (1926)
 * Here and there in England with the Painter Brangwyn (1945)
 * Knave-go-by: the Adventures of Jacky Nameless
 * Lancashire Hunting Songs, and Other Moorland Lays (J. E. Cornish, Manchester, UK © 1909)
 * Men of Men (1901)
 * Ocean Racers (1931)
 * Painted Ports
 * Return of the Cutty Sark (Methuen, 1924)
 * Rovings: Sea Songs and Ballads (1921)
 * Sailor Town Days (1923)
 * Sailor Town: Sea Songs and Ballads (Elkin Mathews, London © 1914 & George H Doran, New York 1919)
 * Sailor's Delight (1931)
 * Sea Songs and Ballads, 1917–22 (1923)
 * Ship Aground: a Tale of Adventure
 * Ship Alley: More Sailor Town Days (1925)
 * Ship Models (1951)
 * Ships and Folks (1920)
 * Small Craft: Sailor Ballads and Chantys (Elkin Mathews, London 1917 & George H Doran, New York 1919)
 * Songs and Chanties, 1914–1916 (1919)
 * Songs in Sail and other Chanties (Elkin Mathews, London 1914)
 * Songs of Greater Britain and Other Poems (Sherratt & Hughes, UK 1899)
 * Tales of the Clipper Ships (1926)
 * Thames Side Yesterdays (1945)
 * The City of Hope: A Story of the New West (Sidgewick & Jackson, London 1914)
 * The Foremost Trail (Sampson Low, Marston & Co., London © 1899)
 * The Naval Crown, Ballads and Songs of the War
 * The Thames (1931)
 * The Valiant Sailor (with Madge Smith) (1951)
 * There Was a Ship: Chapters from the History of Sail (1929)
 * Wings of the Morning (Elkin Mathews, London © 1904)

title: C. Fox Smith


text:
Category:Golden West Broadcasting

This category lists all assets of the Canadian media company Golden West Broadcasting. It also includes notable current or former employees, executives, and owners of the company.

title: Category:Golden West Broadcasting