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User:Jondel/Kiwi Alejandro Camara

http://www.inq7.net/globalnation/sec_new/2004/aug/03-07.htm

At 19, Fil-Am youngest Harvard law grad, a magna By Cristina DC Pastor Inquirer News Service

MEET Kiwi Alejandro Camara, who made history in Harvard Law School. kiwicamara.com NEW YORK -- He was reading serious grownup books at 3, carrying on a conversation about Warren Buffet's stock picks at 6, and had written a paper on alternative treatments for rheumatoid arthritis by the time he was 11.

He finished an undergraduate course in computer science and mathematics at 16.

Last June, at age 19, he earned his doctorate in law magna cum laude, making him possibly the youngest graduate in Harvard Law School history.

Philippine-born Kiwi Alejandro Danao Camara, who turned 20 on June 16, has a life running on fast-forward and he is enjoying the ride immensely.

"[But] I don't feel I'm different," Kiwi told the Inquirer in a phone interview. "I'm just a regular guy."

While awaiting results of the bar exams he took last week, Kiwi is winding down his research for the Harvard units of the John M. Olin Fellowship in Law and Economics, and Berkman Center for Internet and Society.

In September, he will clerk for Court of Appeals Judge Harris Hartz of the 10th Circuit, easing his transition from the academe to professional practice. The position is one of prestige: Recent law graduates turn down six-figure annual salaries in private firms to work for government at $48,000.

'Reason moved by passion'

Hartz, a Harvard alumnus himself, has jurisdiction over the southwestern states of Colorado, Wyoming, Utah, Kansas, Eastern Oklahoma, Western Oklahoma, Northern Oklahoma, and New Mexico -- where he keeps chambers in Albuquerque.

Kiwi explained: "Most people would go into law practice [straight from] school, but some take clerkships to immerse themselves in general practice and acquire experience in a variety of cases. Working for a federal judge is really a great way to get exposed to high-quality legal arguments."

He speaks with as much humor and easy confidence as maturity, depth and authority. He exudes the seriousness of purpose of a Jack McCoy but does not mind quoting the movie character Elle Woods in "Legally Blonde" to define law as "reason moved by passion."

'Normal' family

Kiwi's childhood was as "normal" as possible under the circumstances, according to his parents who are both doctors. Enrico, a psychiatrist, and Theresa, a rheumatologist, raised their only child in a nurturing environment with the proper blend of caring, attention and material support.

"Intellectually, he has always been precocious," said the boy's uncle Jorge Camara, a prominent ophthalmologist in Hawaii. "His teachers noticed his remarkable maturity. His parents encouraged it, [but] didn't make him feel unusual."

That Kiwi comes from a family of achievers may partly explain his exceptional abilities. The Camaras, of Iba town in Zambales province, are a clan of medical professionals. His grandfather Augusto has a cardiology practice at Makati Medical Center that spans many decades. Aside from a psychiatrist and an ophthalmologist, Augusto's 12 children also include an allergist, an orthodontist, a chiropractor and a cardiologist.

Grandpa summa cum laude

"My father graduated summa cum laude from the University of the Philippines with an average of 1.06, the highest [ever recorded]," Jorge noted.

Theresa -- from the Danaos of Bulacan province -- was also a summa cum laude. She and Enrico met and dated at UP.

Kiwi himself does not try to explain his "gift." He believes his family to be just like any other. As a kid, although he had a computer, he mostly played with children his age. In time, though, Jorge did notice that the boy was associating more with adults than with his peers.

That conversation about stock market investor Warren Buffet took place between Kiwi and a friend of Jorge's.

Ballroom dancer

Today, Kiwi plays tennis, golf and racquetball. He has a passion for ballroom dancing, and has won numerous awards for the Harvard-Radcliffe Ballroom Dance Team.

"I've seen him dance -- he's amazing," said another uncle, Dr. Martin Camara, a chiropractor and also director of the Philippine Institute of Traditional Health Care under the Department of Health. "You'd think he'd have terrible social skills, being so gifted, but no, he has excellent people skills."

On the other hand, Kiwi is an avid reader of academic-type, legal, and scientific literature, and is a member of Mensa, the international society of certified geniuses.

A year after Kiwi was born, the family moved to Cleveland. The boy attended Ratner Academy, a Jewish school, where his ability to use complex words and his reading discipline -- he finished all book assignments before school closed each summer -- set him apart from the other students.

When the couple decided to transfer their practice to Honolulu and moved there in 1991, Kiwi went to Punahou School to finish the remainder of his elementary years.

Record-shattering scores

In his new environment -- the weather was better, he said -- Kiwi excelled once more as a student, registering a record-shattering score in his scholastic aptitude test.

He was given the option to skip high school and take early college courses at the Hawaii Pacific University. Thus he took the leap from eighth grade to college.

His parents were not so sure it was a good idea. One of their concerns was that Kiwi would be missing the social interaction in high school, which they believed was an important phase.

"Technically, he would be a high school dropout," Theresa told the Honolulu Advertiser at the time.

Enrico told the Inquirer: "To me as a parent it was a difficult decision because academics aren't the only things you learn in high school. There's overall character development, social and emotional development."

Why Harvard

But as usual, they let Kiwi decide. "We have always trusted his judgment," Enrico said.

By 16, Kiwi had an undergraduate degree in computer science from HPU. Moving on to law school, he chose Harvard over Yale and the University of Pennsylvania. He explained: "Harvard is the oldest and most respected. It also has much larger range of programs, and a bigger faculty that is strong in my main area of interest, corporate law. It's a nice place with genuinely nice people."

Hooked on law

"He was the youngest [on record] to enter law school when he did, so it's not unreasonable to believe he's the youngest to graduate," Harvard spokesperson Michael Rodman told the Inquirer.

Kiwi said he had been drawn to the course by a subject in constitutional law that he had taken in HPU. What he learned from Prof. Sandy Muir of Berkeley, he complemented with readings on law and social institutions. He was, moreover, "hooked on the discipline."

He finds corporate law "most interesting," he said. "It has practical importance in the structuring of business transactions, and it is crucial to the economy." It is a field that would be "fun to explore" in practice, Kiwi said, except that he would rather teach.

Self-expression

Jorge believes his nephew chose law over medicine as a form of self-expression. "He's an only child, and some kids tend to want to be in a field apart from that of his parents," he said.

When Kiwi graduated from Harvard, his maternal grandparents, Francisco and Norma Danao flew over for the celebration.

"I felt like I was floating," Norma told the Inquirer in a phone interview. "I was very, very proud."

Asked about the bar exams, Kiwi sounded like any other new, young, and hopeful graduate: "I hope to pass," he simply said, quite obviously not realizing the irony of such a statement. With PDI Research

title: User:Jondel/Kiwi Alejandro Camara


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Three Cocks

Three Cocks or Aberllynfi is a village near Glasbury in Powys, Wales. The Welsh name refers to the mouth of the Afon Llynfi which enters the River Wye a mile from the village. The nearest town is Hay-on-Wye some 5 miles (8.5 km) to the northeast.

Aberllynfi parish
Aberllynfi was once a separate ecclesiastical parish, but its church fell into disuse in the 18th century.

The curious English name of the village is comparatively recent and was taken from the former railway station (Three Cocks Junction, now a garden centre) where the Hereford, Hay and Brecon Railway met the Mid-Wales Railway. The station derived its name from the 15th century Three Cocks Inn (a coaching inn, still extant ) which in turn took its name from the armorial bearings of former local landowners, the Williams family of Old Gwernyfed. These were supposed to have been based on the arms of the medieval Welsh prince Einon Sais, who lived in Aberllynfi, but this is probably a later invention. The station, together with all the services which ran through it, was closed in December 1962.

Thomas Edwards, a former innkeeper of the Three Cocks, was also a bridge-builder, constructing the 7-arch Glasbury Bridge in 1777 (destroyed by floods in 1795) and rebuilding the 3-arch bridge over the Llynfi at Pont Ithel in 1783.

Gwernyfed
The original house and deer park of Old Gwernyfed, to the south of the village, is of medieval origin, but the house was extensively rebuilt in the 17th century. In 1600 it was purchased by Sir David Williams, MP for the Borough of Brecon (1584–93, 1597–1604). In 1613, it was inherited by his son, Sir Henry Williams, MP for the Borough of Brecon (1601–04) and for Breconshire (1620–28). His son, also Sir Henry Williams, was also MP for Breconshire (1628–29). On 6 August 1645, he was said to have entertained King Charles I at Gwernyfed, following Charles' defeat at the Battle of Naseby. Curiously, Sir Edward Williams was not a relation (despite his surname), but married the family heiress in 1675. This seems to have ensured that he too became MP for Breconshire (1697–98, 1705–21). In 1776, Thomas Wood also married the family heiress. Their son, Thomas Wood, was MP for Breconshire for forty-one years (1806–47). He enjoyed the friendship of members of the royal family and King George IV visited him at Old Gwernyfed. The house is now a grade I listed building. The gardens and park are listed at Grade II* on the Cadw/ICOMOS Register of Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest in Wales.

Gwernyfed Park, a much later Jacobean-style house within the deer park, was built for Captain Thomas Wood by William Eden Nesfield in the 1870s. During the Second World War, it was requisitioned and used by the South Wales Borderers. Since 1950, it has formed part of Gwernyfed High School. A rugby union club, Gwernyfed RFC, was founded at the school in the 1960s, but now plays at and represents the nearby town of Talgarth. Gwernyfed Park is now a grade II* listed building.

Following local government reorganization in 1974, Aberllynfi has been placed in the Community of Gwernyfed, together with the neighbouring village of Felindre and the southern part of the village of Glasbury.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Three Cocks


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Palms Casino Resort

Palms Casino Resort is a hotel and casino located near the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise, Nevada, United States. It is owned and operated by the San Manuel Band of Mission Indians. It includes 703 rooms and a 94065 sqft casino. It was originally owned by the Maloof family, and primarily overseen by George Maloof. He purchased the site in 1997, and construction began three years later. The Palms opened on November 15, 2001, with Station Casinos and The Greenspun Corporation as minority owners. It included a casino, restaurants, nightclubs, and a 42-story hotel. The resort catered to local residents and tourists, and also became popular among celebrities and young adults. It has made several television appearances, and was the main setting for the 2002 reality television show The Real World: Las Vegas, which contributed to its fame.

A second hotel structure, the 40-story Fantasy Tower, was opened in 2005. A recording studio was also added, making the Palms the first casino resort to include such a facility. The resort also includes a movie theater, which has hosted several film premieres. A Playboy Club opened in the Fantasy Tower in 2006, becoming the first such club to open in several decades. A music venue, the Pearl Concert Theater, was added in 2007. Palms Place, a high-rise condo hotel, was opened on the property a year later.

The Palms experienced financial difficulty during the Great Recession, and was sold in 2011, to Texas Pacific Group and Leonard Green & Partners. The Maloof family retained a two-percent interest in the Palms. A $50 million renovation took place in 2012, to help reinvigorate the resort's popularity. Red Rock Resorts, the parent company of Station Casinos, purchased the Palms for $312.5 million in 2016. The company launched a $620 million renovation which included new restaurants and nightclubs, but the changes failed to restore the resort's past prominence.

The Palms and other Nevada casinos were closed in March 2020, amid the COVID-19 pandemic. In 2021, Red Rock sold the resort for $650 million to the San Manuel Band of Mission Indians, which reopened it on April 27, 2022. Under its new ownership, the Palms is the first Las Vegas resort to have a Native American owner.

History
In 1997, George Maloof purchased a 31.5 acre property on Flamingo Road, west of the Las Vegas Strip. He paid less than $1 million per acre. At the time, he had no immediate plans for the site. Maloof was the owner of the Fiesta hotel-casino in North Las Vegas. His initial plan was to grow the Fiesta name with a new location on the Flamingo Road site, but he later decided that the property would be better suited for a hybrid locals/tourist resort. The property was initially divided across two parcels, with Wynn Road running between them. In June 1999, work was underway to realign Wynn Road, allowing for construction to eventually begin on a new hotel-casino that Maloof was planning.

In July 2000, Maloof agreed to sell the Fiesta to Station Casinos. Later that month, Station and The Greenspun Corporation both agreed to purchase a separate six-percent stake in Maloof's upcoming resort. The Maloof family owned the remaining 88 percent. Preliminary work on the property began on July 24, 2000. Two and a half months later, Maloof announced that the resort would be named the Palms. It was scheduled to open on December 12, 2001, initially with 470 rooms, although Maloof planned to eventually expand to 2,000 within 10 years. The project was designed by Jerde Partnership International, based in Los Angeles. KGA Architecture served as the executive architect. When having the Palms designed, Maloof relied on customer feedback that he had received at the Fiesta. High ceilings were added at the Palms to reduce cigarette smoke, and a large number of restrooms were added as well. The casino would also feature an abundance of video poker and loose slot machines, like the Fiesta.

Perini Building Company was chosen as the general contractor, after working on an expansion of the Fiesta in 1999. An official groundbreaking ceremony was held for the Palms on October 24, 2000. A fire occurred on the lower floors of the hotel tower in April 2001, during construction. The fire, apparently caused by welding, caused $75,000 in minimal damage and would not delay construction. The 42-story hotel tower was topped off on June 7, 2001. It was originally planned as a 40-story building, but the floor count was increased to beat out the nearby Rio hotel, which stood at 41 stories. The project's budget was $265 million, although improvements to a pool and spa courtyard added another $3 million in expenses. The Palms was partially financed with a $55 million credit line, from First Security Bank and Wells Fargo.

Construction proceeded slightly ahead of schedule. A few days prior to the September 11 attacks, resort officials announced that the Palms would open one month earlier than scheduled, to take advantage of the busy Thanksgiving weekend. After the attacks, Maloof planned to proceed with the opening, despite the potential impact on tourism. The Palms had already hired most of its 2,500 employees. To help promote the opening, Maloof invited high rollers and Hollywood agents to a party at Hugh Hefner's Playboy Mansion, featuring faux gaming tables and images of the resort. The party was aimed at attracting celebrities to the resort. In addition, Maloof mailed offers to Las Vegas residents, hoping to sign up 50,000 members for the new Palms slot club. He also made promotional appearances on local news stations and The Today Show. The hotel portion would be marketed in Arizona, California, and Maloof's home state of New Mexico. Maloof also planned to promote the resort through his basketball team, the Sacramento Kings. The resort's opening was eagerly anticipated.

Opening and early years
The Palms opened to thousands of invited guests and VIPs on November 15, 2001, at 7:00 p.m. Notable attendees included Pamela Anderson, Matt Dillon, Nevada governor Kenny Guinn, Samuel L. Jackson, Joe Pesci, Tara Reid, Dennis Rodman, Martin Sheen and Charlize Theron. The resort opened to the public at 11:00 p.m.

Maloof served as the public face for the resort. He planned for the Palms to appeal to the same young demographic as the nearby Hard Rock Hotel. He also hoped that its location, near Interstate 15, would make it appealing to local residents. He considered the Palms close enough to the Strip to attract tourists, but far enough to bring in locals, who generally avoid the Strip. The Palms would also benefit from the nearby Rio and Gold Coast resorts, which were popular among locals.

Maloof said he wanted to create "the ultimate party hotel in the world". The resort included various restaurants, a nightclub, and a 14-screen movie theater. The property's east side was targeted at tourists, containing the hotel tower, nightclubs, and several restaurants. The west side included locals-oriented amenities, such as a food court and the movie theater. The latter was part of the Brenden Theatres chain. The theater opened shortly after the rest of the resort, on November 21, 2001. It was the first Brenden Theatres location to open in Las Vegas. Michael Morton, the brother of Hard Rock Hotel owner Peter Morton, operated several venues at the Palms, including a nightclub, a steakhouse, and the pool area. They were operated through Morton's company, N9NE Group. The Palms also had 9000 sqft of convention space. In subsequent years, the resort would add other features, such as a medical center for employees and the public, and a tattoo parlor by Carey Hart and John Huntington.

Maloof was satisfied with the Palms' early financial results, although local residents were generally not impressed at first, complaining of issues such as cramped casino aisles and loud music. Maloof managed to attract locals by launching a promotional campaign, introducing more full-pay video poker machines, and removing some machines for more space. During the day, the property was frequented by older local residents, while younger tourists would arrive later in the evening. The resort was popular with nightclub-goers and celebrities.

By mid-2003, Maloof was planning to eventually add a second hotel tower,  due to the strong success of the resort. Later in 2003, the Palms hosted a 50th anniversary celebration for the magazine Playboy and renamed a nearby street as Hugh Hefner Drive. A year later, the Palms partnered with Playboy to eventually use the magazine's name at the resort.

In 2004, a pair of identical 26-year-old twins won a resort contest to become Palm Girls. They went on to represent the Palms through television appearances and in printed media, and their faces were later featured on casino chips for the resort.

Construction of the new hotel tower was underway in 2004, with Whiting-Turner as general contractor. It would eventually open as the Fantasy Tower. It was also designed by Jerde Partnership, and was built south of the original tower. The Fantasy Tower began opening in October 2005, with various suites. The tower officially celebrated its opening in May 2006. The Playboy Club opened in the tower five months later. The Fantasy Tower also added a recording studio for musicians.

A music venue, the Pearl Concert Theater, was opened in early 2007. By that point, revenue from local residents had dropped from 80 to 65 percent, with tourists becoming more prevalent at the resort. Later in 2007, Richard Branson, wearing a body harness, jumped from the Fantasy Tower in a stunt to promote his Virgin America airline.

A high-rise condo hotel, known as Palms Place, was opened in 2008. It was the third and final tower to be built on the Palms property. That year, the Palms began to suffer financially due to the economic effects of the Great Recession.

By 2010, the Palms had accumulated 661 building code violations, which Maloof attributed to significant expansion of the resort over the years. In mid-2010, Maloof reluctantly agreed to have a scent distributed through the casino, in an effort to compete with rivals that were doing the same. However, the scent was discontinued after less than a month, due to negative customer reception.

In September 2010, N9NE Group sued the Palms after the resort tried to fire Andy Belmonti, a N9NE executive who was responsible for overseeing the company's venues at the property. Belmonti had recently began work on a new restaurant for Morton at the Wynn Las Vegas resort, and the Palms alleged that profits had declined since then, arguing that Belmonti had neglected his duties at the Palms. It was also alleged that N9NE used Palms money to pay off several employee lawsuits, without informing the resort. The Palms countersued and further alleged that Morton had misused resort money and staff for his own purposes, including house parties. The suit also accused Belmonti of carrying out a financial cover-up, and alleged that another executive had escorted underage women into 21-and-up venues at the resort. The Palms and a group of N9NE investors sought to remove Morton and Belmonti, who denied the accusations. Both sides settled in January 2011, with N9NE departing the Palms. The resort would take over operations of the company's former venues there.

Ownership changes
In 2010, Texas Pacific Group (TPG) purchased a portion of the Palms' $380 million bank debt. The Palms began missing loan payments that year, due to poor economic conditions. In January 2011, Maloof was negotiating with TPG and Leonard Green & Partners for the companies to gain a controlling interest in the Palms, after they had acquired most of a Palms loan in 2010. In June 2011, the companies announced a partnership called TPG Opportunity Partners, which would convert the Palms' debt into equity. TPG and Leonard Green would each own a 49-percent share of the resort, while the Maloof family's ownership would be reduced to 2 percent, with the option to eventually purchase up to 20 percent. George Maloof would continue to oversee operations as chairman, and he said that little would change at the property. Station Casinos and Greenspun were no longer involved as minority owners.

The Nevada Gaming Commission approved the sale in November 2011, and a renovation was planned for the resort. A subdued celebration was held for the Palms' 10th anniversary, honoring its employees and local residents rather than celebrities. In an effort to regain the resort's popularity, a $50 million renovation began in mid-2012, incorporating a modern design by Klai Juba Architects. The resort's average customer now ranged from 30 to 50 years old, and the renovations were designed to reflect this older demographic. The Palms' roadside neon sign had advertised the property as "a Maloof casino resort" since its opening. As part of the renovations, the Maloofs' name was eventually removed from the sign.

In September 2012, the resort took over ownership of the venues previously overseen by N9NE, including nightclubs. The Palms was subsequently fined $1 million by the Nevada Gaming Commission, after an investigation found that nightclub employees – under N9NE's management – had offered drugs and prostitutes to undercover officers.

In March 2016, TPG and Leonard Green were considering a sale of the resort. Red Rock Resorts, the parent company of Station Casinos, announced two months later that it would purchase the Palms for $312.5 million. The purchase was finalized in October 2016, and the company began making changes to the resort. In late 2017, plans were announced for a $485 million renovation that would include a hotel remodel, and new restaurants and clubs. Station's CEO Frank Fertitta III said, "We were partners in this property for nearly 10 years. We have a history of understanding what the Palms property is capable of doing. It lacked a lot of tender loving care." The cost of the renovation project eventually increased to $620 million. It would cover numerous areas of the resort. A five-story parking garage was increased by two floors as part of the renovations. The original roadside sign was disassembled in February 2018, and eventually replaced by a fully digital one.

Portions of the renovated resort were unveiled starting in May 2018. Station planned to target locals and tourists while offering value-oriented amenities. The company aimed to restore the Palms' popularity. Fertitta and his brother were avid art collectors, and artwork was spread throughout the renovated resort. Red Rock had partnered with Tao Group, which was to open a new nightclub and restaurants at the Palms. However, the partnership was terminated later in 2018. Under Red Rock's ownership, the Palms failed to regain its popularity. Kaos, a new nightclub, was opened in 2019. It was meant as a major attraction, but instead was closed seven months later.

Nevada casinos were ordered to close on March 18, 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic and its effects on the state. Casinos there began reopening a few months later, although the Palms remained closed as of March 2021, while Red Rock waited for a rebound of the economy. On May 4, 2021, Red Rock announced that it would sell the Palms to the San Manuel Band of Mission Indians for $650 million, pending regulatory approvals expected later in the year. Analysts believed that the resort still had potential. The band expected to focus more on gaming than on nightlife, a departure from previous owners. Local residents would be the primary target demographic.

The sale was finalized on December 17, 2021, and the Palms became the first Las Vegas resort to have a Native American owner. The band began a hiring campaign to prepare for reopening, ultimately employing more than 900 people, including some former workers. The resort's employee facilities were upgraded, but the band otherwise made few changes to the property in light of Red Rock's renovation a few years earlier.

The Palms reopened on the night of April 27, 2022, with live music and a fireworks show. The Brenden Theatres facility was renovated and is scheduled to reopen two days later.

Casino
The Palms casino is 94065 sqft. Upon opening, it had 2,200 slot machines, keno, bingo, and 55 table games, including blackjack and poker. It also featured a sportsbook with seating for more than 200 people. Unlike certain other properties, the Palms sportsbook was built in the center of the casino, intended as a convenient location for locals to find. The book initially did not accept bets on NBA games, due to the Maloof family's ownership of the Sacramento Kings. The betting ban on NBA games was lifted seven years after the Palms' opening.

The resort's 2005-06 expansion included a two-floor high-end gaming pit named The Mint and Top of the Mint, referencing a former downtown property by the same name. In 2011, the casino floor unveiled its Playboy Party Pit, featuring six blackjack tables that were overseen by Playboy Bunny dealers. The pit was part of a $5 million casino renovation, which included 200 new slot machines. The casino also opened its Slot Emporium, featuring 50 of its most popular slot machines.

A new sportsbook, operated by Cantor Gaming, was opened in May 2012. It measured 9840 sqft, and included a poker room,  which eventually closed in 2014. The casino floor was renovated in 2018 to include 40 new table games, which offered phone-charging outlets for players. The casino floor was updated again for its 2022 reopening, with a new, open layout and new slot machines. A 100-seat William Hill sportsbook was also added.

Hotel
The Palms has 703 hotel rooms, spread across two towers. It originally opened with a 42-story tower containing 455 rooms, a small number compared to resorts on the nearby Strip. In an effort to attract basketball players, the hotel included 24 NBA rooms, featuring beds and showers that were longer and higher than normal. The hotel was also featured in the reality television series The Real World: Las Vegas, and the suite created for the show was later opened to the public. In 2003, the Palms unveiled bachelor and bachelorette party suites, both featuring stripper poles and other amenities. The rooms had previously been used by the production crew for The Real World.

In October 2005, the Palms opened its Hardwood Suite in the new Fantasy Tower. The suite rented for $50,000 a night, and included half a basketball court, a locker room, pool and poker tables, and optional cheerleaders. The two-story suite was one of 11 to open in the Fantasy Tower, which was still under construction at the time. The suites ranged from 1,400 to 10,000 square feet, and were located across the 25th and 26th floors. Six Sky Villas opened in April 2006, starting on the 27th floor of the Fantasy Tower. They ranged from 7,000 to 10,000 square feet, and included fireplaces and Jacuzzi spas.

Before the 40-story Fantasy Tower was completed, the Palms had 430 rooms. The new tower added 347. The tower was completed in October 2006, when it unveiled the 9000 sqft Hugh Hefner Sky Villa, a two-story suite on the 34th and 35th floors. Hefner was the first guest to stay in the suite, which was inspired by his Playboy Mansions in Los Angeles and Chicago.

In 2009, the Palms opened its Barbie Suite, which rented for $4,000 a night. The 2350 sqft suite featured an abundance of pink coloring and was inspired by the Barbie doll. As of 2012, the Hugh Hefner suite was one of the most expensive suites in the world, renting for $35,000 to $40,000 a night. The original hotel tower was renovated in 2012 and named as the Ivory Tower.

As part of the 2018 renovations, the Fantasy Tower rooms were updated for the first time since their opening. The six Sky Villa suites were also updated. The former Hugh Hefner suite was redesigned by architects Bentel & Bentel in collaboration with artist Damien Hirst and renamed as the Empathy Suite. The two-story 9000 sqft suite included various artwork and a curved bar for 13 people. It rented for a two-night minimum price of $200,000, making it the most expensive suite in the world.

Nightclubs
On the ground floor, the Palms included Rain in the Desert, a three-story club spanning 25000 sqft. Guests would enter through a gold-mirrored tunnel, accompanied by fog and lights. The interior of the club featured a center stage surrounded by a moat, and a nearby three-story waterfall was used as a projection screen. Rain was developed by Michael Morton and Scott DeGraff, and was opened on November 16, 2001. It included a showroom, and opened with a concert by Macy Gray, although performances by musicians were not intended to take place on a regular basis. DJ Paul Oakenfold began a residency at Rain in 2008, and DJ AM performed there until his death in 2009.

Moon, a nightclub located at the top of the Fantasy Tower, opened on October 6, 2006. It measured 12500 sqft and had a retractable roof, an idea previously planned for Rain. The roof cost approximately $1 million. As with Rain, DJs also performed at Moon.

Rain was closed in 2012, as part of the resort's ongoing renovations at the time. Moon was closed in 2014. Apex Social Club opened in 2018, taking the place of Ghostbar. It offered various musical entertainers, including DJs, as well as weekly parties.

In April 2019, the Palms opened Kaos, a 73000 sqft dayclub and a 29000 sqft nightclub, replacing the space formerly occupied by Rain. The dayclub included several pools, and featured a 60-foot headless bronze statue by artist Damien Hirst called "Demon With Bowl". Kaos offered frequent performances, and a 270-foot-tall LED screen – the largest in Las Vegas – was added onto the Palm's Ivory Tower, broadcasting performances to clubgoers and passersby on the street.

Later in 2019, Kaos was briefly closed to allow for the addition of a 70-foot dome of transparent panels. It was placed over one of the pools, allowing for year-round swimming. The addition was named Kaos Dome, and the club reopened on October 31, 2019. However, Kaos was abruptly closed five days later, due to the high cost of securing entertainers. Red Rock Resorts stated that the space would remain open as the guest pool area and that it would be used for special events, while the company evaluated future use for the venue. The club had lost nearly $50 million. During its run, the club featured residencies from various musical artists. Notable performers at Kaos had included Cardi B and Marshmello, the latter of whom had signed a $60 million two-year residency deal. DJ Kaskade had also been signed to the club, and filed a federal lawsuit against the resort after its closing left him without a venue.

Restaurants
The Palms opened with various restaurants, including N9NE, a steakhouse by N9NE Group. It had seating for 175 people, including a 16-seat caviar bar. An Asian restaurant, Little Buddha, was partially inspired by the Buddha Bar in Paris. Another restaurant, Garduño's, was carried over from the Fiesta hotel-casino. The Palms location was spread across two floors. A food court with a handful of eateries was built near the resort's movie theater. A French restaurant, Alize, was built on the top floor of the hotel tower and was mostly glass-enclosed for views of the Las Vegas Valley. The restaurant featured nearly 1,000 types of wine, and was named after the French word for trade winds. Other restaurants included the 500-seat Festival Market Buffet, and the 24/7 Sunrise Cafe.

The Bistro Buffet opened in 2007. Four years later, the Palms added a dim sum restaurant known as Cathay House, which had previously operated across the street. Maloof arranged for the restaurant's relocation after realizing that many Palms customers were leaving the resort to eat there.

In 2013, Garduño's was replaced by a sports bar and restaurant known as Heraea, with females as a specific target demographic. It was operated by the One Group, and was added as part of the resort's $50 million renovation. Heraea was unsuccessful and closed later in 2013, with the Palms taking over management of the space. Little Buddha was to be replaced by a new restaurant and lounge called Xishi, also by the One Group. However, these plans were canceled. The former Heraea space reopened in 2015, as the world's largest Hooters restaurant. The 15200 sqft restaurant spanned across two stories.

When Red Rock purchased the Palms, the company aimed to upgrade the resort's restaurants, hoping to attract an upper-class clientele. This included the removal of Hooters and the addition of a new restaurant by celebrity chefs such as Bobby Flay, Michael Symon, and Chris Santos. N9NE had been a popular staple at the resort since it debuted, but it was closed in 2017 amid the restaurant overhaul. It was replaced by Scotch 80 Prime, a fine-dining restaurant. It included a $3 million collection of whiskies, and artwork by Andy Warhol, Jean-Michel Basquiat, and Damien Hirst.

The former Bistro Buffet was reopened as the A.Y.C.E. (All You Can Eat) buffet at the end of 2017, while Alize marked its closing after 16 years. It was replaced by a new restaurant from chef Marc Vetri. Flay opened his new restaurant, Shark, in 2019. A 5000 sqft restaurant, Greene St. Kitchen, was also opened by chef Lanny Chin and offered a variety of global dishes. A Tim Ho Wan dim sum restaurant opened later in 2019.

The Palms reopened in 2022 with most of the same restaurants, as well as a new café.

Playboy Club
In October 2004, the Palms signed a licensing deal with Playboy to use the brand name. The Playboy Club opened in the Fantasy Tower on October 6, 2006. It was the first new Playboy Club to open in more than two decades. A nationwide search was conducted for Playboy Bunnies to staff the club, which was a joint venture between Playboy Enterprises, the Palms, and N9NE. The opening was featured in Hefner's reality television series The Girls Next Door.

It was the first nightclub to include gambling, a feature that required the rewriting of Nevada law. The club had 10 blackjack tables, and was the first casino to charge an admission fee. Maloof worked with Nevada regulators for more than three years to get the law rewritten. The club included a bar with 10,000 diamond-shaped crystals, and VIP rooms with mirrored walls and Playboy pinball machines. Through escalators, the club was linked with the Moon nightclub located above, and the Nove Italiano restaurant below. The Fantasy Tower's exterior featured the Playboy bunny logo to promote the club.

The Playboy Club closed in June 2012, as Playboy and the Palms wanted to pursue new opportunities. The club was replaced by a lounge called the View.

Bars
Upon opening in 2001, the top of the hotel tower featured Ghostbar, which overlooked the Las Vegas Valley. It included an outdoor balcony with a section of glass floor, allowing visitors to peer below. Ghostbar was developed by Morton and DeGraff. Initially, it was only going to be open three nights a week. DeGraff said that this led to the bar's name: "We thought of it as an apparition, a ghost that would appear on Thursday and disappear on Sunday." An iridescent 30-foot ghost was depicted across most of the bar's ceiling. The interior also featured floor-to-ceiling windows for views of the Las Vegas skyline. Ghostbar measured 8000 sqft. It had capacity for 325 people, and featured DJ music. Ghostbar remained popular a decade after its opening, especially among celebrities. In 2011, it started operating during the day to attract pool-goers. Red Rock closed Ghostbar in 2017, replacing it a year later with a nightclub known as Apex Social Club. Ghostbar reopened in 2022, under San Manuel's ownership.

In its early years, the casino also featured the Lounge, which served as an entertainment venue for acts such as Hollywood Comedy Tour,  the Playboy Comedy Club, and singer Matt Goss. The View lounge opened atop the Fantasy Tower in 2013. In addition to views of the Las Vegas Valley, the lounge also offered a variety of board games.

In 2018, a new ground-floor bar was added in the middle of the casino. It included a triptych art piece consisting of a 13-foot tiger shark, divided across three tanks. Both the bar and art piece were designed by artist Damien Hirst. Another bar, Mr. Coco, was also added on the third floor of the Fantasy Tower. It featured a collection of artwork.

Studio at the Palms
In April 2004, Maloof announced plans to add a recording studio to the resort, after a year and a half of planning. Two studios – Studio X and Studio Y – were ultimately opened in December 2005, built at a cost of $6 million. Known as the Studio at the Palms, it is the only recording facility to be located within a casino resort. Certain hotel suites, as well as nightclubs and the Pearl theater, also had recording capabilities. The studio was overseen by Zoe and Pat Thrall.

The facility has served various musicians, including Celine Dion, Usher, Beyoncé, Eminem, Dr. Dre, 50 Cent, and The Killers. Shortly before his death, Michael Jackson and his children lived at the Palms hotel for months while he recorded a new album at the resort,  including the song "Hold My Hand".

Pearl Concert Theater
In March 2005, Maloof announced that the Palms would add a concert theater to better compete with the Hard Rock Hotel. The Pearl Concert Theater was built out in a crescent shape, with the furthest seat being only 120 feet from the stage. The venue spanned three floors and had seating for 2,400 people. Three screens from the resort's movie theater had to be relocated to make way for the Pearl. The venue was wired into the Palm's recording studio, allowing performers to record live albums.

The Pearl opened on March 17, 2007, with a concert by Evanescence. The official grand opening took place on April 21, 2007, with a concert by Gwen Stefani. The Pearl hosted various other entertainers, including Lady Gaga, Lady Antebellum,   and Billy Idol. In 2009, the Pearl hosted a four-night concert residency by Mariah Carey known as Live at the Pearl.

The theater hosted the NHL Awards for three consecutive years, starting in 2009. The Pearl also hosted Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) cards each year, until UFC president Dana White had his credit line reduced at the Palms casino. White had been a frequent gambler there, and he pulled all future UFC events from the venue in 2012, after his falling-out with the casino.

The venue was closed in 2017, for a months-long renovation. It is operated by Live Nation. The Pearl was closed during the COVID-19 pandemic, and is scheduled to reopen in mid-2022.

Pool
At night, the Palms pool area was converted into a nightly club and lounge known as Skin, starting in 2002. A new $40 million pool area was opened in 2006, on two acres. The renovated pool area was enlarged from before, in order to accommodate guests in the new Fantasy Tower.

In 2007, the resort launched an annual pool party series known as Ditch Fridays. Each party attracted an average of 3,000 people. That year, the pool area also began hosting the Midsummer Night's Dream party by Playboy.

In 2011, the pool area hosted MTV Spring Break, which returned for the following year. In 2012, the pool area received a $600,000 renovation which included a bigger stage for entertainers and a new sound system. The resort also launched weekend pool parties known as Palms Pool Saturdays and Sunday Scene. The pool area was closed in 2017, to make way for Kaos, which featured several new pools. As of 2022, the resort includes a 73000 sqft multi-level pool area.

Union controversies
When the Palms opened, none of its employees belonged to a trade union. Many employees at nearby Strip resorts belonged to the Culinary Workers Union. A few weeks after the Palms opening, the Culinary union led a protest against the resort. The union alleged that Maloof paid his workers lower wages compared to unionized resorts, which he denied. Maloof believed that he would eventually prevail against the union, which alleged that he had threatened workers who supported unionization. In 2003, the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) filed a 20-count complaint against the Palms, alleging that Maloof and resort managers made efforts to dissuade workers from unionizing. Later that year, a federal judge ordered the Palms to reinstate a cook, who was fired for union organizing attempts. The judge also determined that the resort was violating various labor laws by questioning employees about union activities, and warning or discharging those who took part in such activities.

In 2015, the Palms announced that it would outsource more than 200 food and beverage jobs to a third party operator, a decision that was criticized by the Culinary union. That year, the union made attempts to unionize the Palms, but it later said that such efforts were not being acknowledged by the resort. In 2016, hundreds of employees signed a petition seeking to retain their jobs amid Station and Red Rock's purchase of the property. The Culinary union had previously been involved in frequent feuds with Station. A union election was eventually held in 2018, with 614 employees taking part, out of approximately 900. The workers voted 84-percent in favor of unionization. However, Station challenged the results of the election and declined to negotiate with the union. The NLRB determined that Station had been "failing and refusing to bargain collectively and in good faith" with the union. In 2021, the union stated that the resort's impending sale would not affect ongoing worker negotiations. When the San Manuel Band purchased the casino, it agreed to use union resources in rehiring workers and tentatively participating in the union's health plans until an agreement was reached. A union contract was ratified on May 23, 2023, which covers non-gaming employees.

Television/Film history
The Palms increased its prominence after appearing in the reality television show The Real World: Las Vegas in 2002. The series took place throughout the Palms, including the hotel. Maloof had six rooms reconfigured into a 2900 sqft suite for the cast, and other rooms on the same floor were occupied by the production crew. After production concluded, the suite was rented out for up to $10,000 a night. It became popular among celebrities.

Celebrity Poker Showdown was also filmed at the Palms from 2003 to 2005. Another reality television series, Party at the Palms, aired for 12 episodes during 2005. It was hosted by Jenny McCarthy, who would tour the resort and interview celebrities in each episode. The second season of High Stakes Poker was also shot at the resort. In addition, the Palms appeared in an episode of The O.C., and in The Real Housewives of Beverly Hills, starring Adrienne Maloof.

The Pearl Concert Theater, as well as other areas of the resort, hosted the 2007 MTV Video Music Awards. The resort also appeared in several music videos in 2009, including "Cause a Scene" by Teairra Marí and Flo Rida, "We Made You" by Eminem, and Katy Perry's "Waking Up in Vegas". The theater was also used during the Vegas Round for the fourth and fifth seasons of America's Got Talent.

In the 2000s, the resort's Brenden Theatres facility hosted several film festivals, including CineVegas. It also hosted film premieres such as Elektra, Deuce Bigalow: European Gigolo, Rocky Balboa,  Love in the Time of Cholera, and Michael Jackson's This Is It.

title: Palms Casino Resort


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Rene Hidding

Marinus Theodoor "Rene" Hidding (born 5 February 1953) is an Australian politician. He was a Liberal Party member for the Division of Lyons in the Tasmanian House of Assembly from 1996 until his resignation in 2019. From 2002 until 2006 he was also leader of the Liberal Party and Leader of the Opposition in Tasmania.

Upbringing and early career
Hidding immigrated to Tasmania from the Netherlands in his youth. He was educated in Launceston at Riverside High School and Launceston Matriculation College where he gained an Associate Diploma Business (Real Estate). He was a self-employed businessman (his companies included Hidding Trading Pty Ltd, Hiddings Mitre 10, Hiddings Building Services, Span Truss Systems and Hiddings Joinery) before entering politics, when he sold his business to Gunns Limited.

Political career
Hidding was an Alderman on the Launceston City Council from 1985 to 1992. He was an unsuccessful Liberal candidate for the Australian House of Representatives seat of Franklin in 1993.

In 1996, Hidding was elected to the Tasmanian House of Assembly for the multi-member seat of Lyons. Between 1996 and 1998 Hidding held junior positions in the government of Tony Rundle, including Secretary to Cabinet, Deputy Chairman of Committees and a member of the Cabinet Budget Committee.

After the Liberals lost office, Hidding was elected to the Opposition front bench as Deputy Opposition Leader in 1999, and in August 2002 he was elected Leader of the Opposition. He was also Shadow Minister for Tourism, Parks and Heritage and Shadow Minister for Resources and Energy.

At the 18 March 2006 state election, Hidding failed to defeat the incumbent Labor Party government led by Paul Lennon. Despite an increase in the Liberal Party's primary vote, the Opposition failed to make any gains in terms of seats. On election night, Hidding declined to speculate on whether he would continue as opposition leader. Twelve days later, on 30 March, the day that final election results were known, Will Hodgman was unanimously elected by the party as its new leader.

On 4 May 2018, following the election of the Liberal Government, Hidding was appointed as Parliamentary Secretary to Premier Will Hodgman.

Hidding resigned from parliament on 25 February 2019, following allegations of historic sexual abuse against a minor, published in The Australian. Hidding denied the allegations and said he would confront them as a private citizen. In September 2019, the police announced that Hidding would not be charged over the allegations, with the Director of Public Prosecutions determining that "given the constraints posed by the passage of time and the resulting impact on the evidence available, there was no reasonable prospect of conviction".

Personal life
Rene Hidding and his wife, Shirley, have four adult children, and several grandchildren.

title: Rene Hidding


text:
Talk:Aroura

Mis-spelling?
I believe Aroura as a misspelling for Aurora is probably not that likely, and since Aroura is a genuine ancient Greek unit of measure, I've changed the redirect. -- Egil 07:41, 1 September 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Aroura


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Cavaillon

Cavaillon (Cavalhon) is a commune in the Vaucluse department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region of Southeastern France. It is situated in the Durance Valley, at the foot of the Luberon mountains.

History
Cavaillon was already a city in the Gallo-Roman period, and has several minor relics from that era, including a 1st century triumphal arch. Other minor relics of the Roman period have been found to the south of the town, on the site of the ancient Cabellio. It was the seat of the bishops of Cavaillon from the 4th century until the French Revolution. Saint Veran was bishop here in the 6th century, and the 12th-century cathedral is dedicated to him. In the Middle Ages Cavaillon was part of the Comtat Venaissin.

Geography
Cavaillon is part of the Regional and Natural Park of Luberon (parc naturel régional du Luberon) in the French Department of Vaucluse.

The Calavon, a tributary of the Durance locally called Coulon, flows westward through the middle of the commune.

The Durance forms the commune's south-western border.

Economy
Cavaillon is famous for its melons, as well as other early fruits and vegetables.

Famous people

 * Saint César de Bus
 * Christophe Bioules, professional freestyle BMX rider
 * Elzear Blaze, officer in Napoleon's army, author of hunting books
 * Luc Bulot, French palaeontologist
 * Pierre Salinger, press secretary to U.S. President John F. Kennedy, U.S. Senator from California, Paris bureau chief for ABC News

Sights

 * the 11th-13th century Cavaillon Cathedral
 * Colline Saint-Jacques, with chapel
 * Roman triumphal arch

Twin towns

 * Cavaillon has been twinned with Weinheim, Germany, since 1958 and Langhirano, Italy, since 2001.

title: Cavaillon


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Abermorddu

Abermorddu is a village in the county of Flintshire, Wales, in the community of Hope. Approximately 5 miles north of Wrexham along the A541 road, it is contiguous with the main village of Caergwrle and closely related to the village of Hope. In the 19th century there was a turnpike road known as Abermorddu Branch running from the tollhouse at King's Ferry to Abermorddu.

Its name probably comes from the confluence (aber) of a small brook called Morddu with the River Alyn.

Landmarks
Abermorddu Primary School, although originally in the village, has for the many decades had its site in Cefn-y-bedd, whilst the local secondary school is in nearby Hope.

To the northwest along the A541 is the ruins of Caergwrle Castle. It was probably built by Dafydd ap Gruffydd after being given land by Edward I of England after his initial conquest of Wales in 1277. It was damaged by the Welsh in 1282, and ceded to John of Cromwell in 1308 to rebuild it, but by 1335 it was in ruins and has remained as such.

A new housing estate has sprung up in the village at Parc Celyn. The estate, with three and four bedroom houses, lies off Cymau lane, next to Abermorddu Primary School.

Close to the housing estate is believed to be the remains of a Bronze Age burial chamber although the site is likely to be merely a barrow cemetery. A street in the estate is named "Llys Cromlech" (Cromlech)/Dolmen Court) in testament to the prehistoric activity in the vicinity.

title: Abermorddu


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Wikipedia:Categorizing articles about people

This guideline concerns the categorization of biographical articles about people. This includes:
 * All articles named after a person or a group of persons. (This includes split-outs of such articles – see ).
 * All categories where such biographical articles could be expected to be located.

General considerations
Categorize by characteristics of the person, not characteristics of the article: E.g., do not add  to an article. Sub-categories of Category:Biography (genre) may legitimately contain articles about biographical films or biographical books, but should not contain articles about individual people. The article is a biography; the person is not.

Keep people categories separate. Categories with a title indicating that the contents are people, should normally only contain biographical articles and lists of people, and perhaps a non-biographical main article, though this can also be added at the top of the category. This is for clarity and ease of use, and to preserve the integrity of category tree of people articles.

Requirements
In general, categories of articles about people must be:

 * Neutral – Use of terminology must be neutral. Note that neutral terminology may not necessarily be the most common term. And a term that the person or their cultural group does not accept for themselves is not neutral even if it remains the most widely used term among outsiders. See also: WP:NPOVTITLE. Try to avoid category names that could be seen in a stigmatizing way. When in doubt, err on the side of respect.
 * For example, "Category:Prostitutes" would be a better name for a category than "whores" (which redirects to Prostitution). "Category:Sex workers", while possibly more neutral, would not necessarily be appropriate as a direct substitute, as it is an even broader term.
 * Avoid using the word victim for anyone who is not specifically a victim of a crime. For example, "AIDS victims" is not an appropriate term for HIV-positive people.
 * Using derogatory terms for people, such as racial slurs, is not to be tolerated under any circumstances, and should be considered grounds for speedy deletion.
 * Verifiable – Do not categorize people based upon deduction, inference, residence, surname, nor any partial derivation from one or more ancestors. Doing so would be original research. Inclusion of people in a category must be based on verifiability from reliable sources. And as with any category, it should have a main article that describes the contents. However, if the main article could never be anything more than a bulleted list of individuals who happen to meet the criteria, then a category is not appropriate. Please note that this does not mean that the main article must already exist before a category may be created, but that it must at least be reasonable to create one.
 * For example, though an editor may have personal knowledge of a notable individual's sexual orientation, the article about that individual should be added to a sexuality-based category only if the article cites a reliable source in support of that fact.
 * Also, while historical persons may be identified from sources by notable association with a particular ethnicity, gender, religion, sexuality, or disability, living people should have self-identified.

 * Defining – Biographical articles should be categorized by defining characteristics. As a rule of thumb for main biographies this includes the reason(s) for the person's notability; i.e., the characteristics the person is best known for. The principle of "defining characteristics" applies to categorizing people, as it does to any other categorization. As the guideline on categorization says:
 * For example, a film actor who holds a law degree should be categorized as a film actor, but not as a lawyer unless their legal career was notable in its own right or relevant to their acting career. Many people had assorted jobs before taking the one that made them notable; those other jobs should not be categorized. Similarly, celebrities commercializing a fragrance should not be in the perfumers category; not everything a celebrity does after becoming famous warrants categorization.

Sensitive categories
Be aware that mis-categorizations are more sensitive for articles on people than for articles on other topics.

This includes categories that might suggest a person has a poor reputation, and categories that belong in the categorization tree of Category:Criminals. For example, Categorizing a politician involved in a scandal as a "criminal" would create much more controversy than categorizing a behaviour or act as "criminal".

Likewise, watch for category intersections where at least one of the categories of the intersection is sensitive. Failing to handle these categories appropriately can lead to external criticism, e.g..

Also, not all categories are comprehensive. For some sensitive categories, it may be better to think of the category as a set of representative and unquestioned examples, while a list is a better venue for an attempt at completeness. Particularly for sensitive categories, lists can be used as a complement to categorization. See also Categories, lists, and series boxes.

Double check: Always check after saving an article whether the categorization strikes you as offensive or indelicate. To avoid that, use discernment to find those categories you think are most to the point and inoffensive. If necessary, create a new category that better serves what you want to communicate, rather than using an existing category that is (partly) inconsistent with the content of the article. But bear in mind the principle that "Wikipedia is not censored", so if something is offensive but has encyclopedic value, it might still be appropriate. See also: Categorization.

Note: This advice applies only to categorization of articles, and the categories, lists, navigation boxes, and templates, which are normally used in articles, and other mainspace pages such as disambiguation pages and redirects. It does not restrict categories that are used for WikiProjects, e.g., articles supported by WikiProject LGBT studies, or other project pages.

Categorizing by ethnicity, gender, religion, sexuality, or disability
In general, Categorization by ethnicity, gender, religion, sexuality, or disability is permitted. However, these topics can be the subject of controversy, and because of this, when these types of categories are nominated at Categories for discussion, the discussions can vary in their outcome.

Specific intersections

 * Examples from WP:CFD: Jewish mathematicians, LGBT murderers, Sportspeople by religion

Do not create categories that intersect a particular topic (such as occupation, place of residence, or other such characteristics) with an ethnicity, gender, religion, sexual orientation, or disability, unless that combination is recognized as a defining topic that has already been established (in reliable sources showing substantial existing research specific to the topic), as academically or culturally significant in its own right. The mere fact that such people happen to exist is not a valid criterion for determining the legitimacy of a category.

And in general, when such categories created, such sub-categorization is typically only implemented in order to split larger categories (e.g. Category:LGBT sportspeople is used to reduce the size of Category:LGBT people).

The basis for creating such categories is also not the number of individuals who could potentially be added to a category grouping such individuals, or whether such a grouping constitutes a positive or negative portrayal of a particular group of individuals.

At all times, the bottom line remains can a valid, encyclopedic main article be written for this grouping?

 * For example, when intersecting with occupation, people should only be so categorized if this has significant bearing on their career. Likewise, in criminology, a person's actions are more important than, for example, their race or sexual orientation.
 * Ethnicity example: An "(ethnicity) politicians" category should only be created if politicians of that ethnic background constitute a distinct and identifiable group with a specific cultural and political context. There is no significant or notable difference in context between being a German American politician and a Swedish American politician. But an American politician of Native American descent may be of a different context from an American politician of European background. Thus, Category:Native American politicians may be valid, but Category:German American politicians and Category:Swedish American politicians should not exist.
 * Religion example: Most sportspeople should not be categorized by religion, since being Catholic, Buddhist, or another religion is not relevant to the way they perform in sports. For instance, in sports, a Roman Catholic athlete is not treated as notably different from a Lutheran or Methodist athlete.
 * Sexual orientation example: "LGBT writers" is a well-studied biographical category with secondary sources discussing the personal experiences of LGBT writers as a class, unique publishing houses, awards, censorship, a distinctive literary contribution (LGBT literature), and other professional concerns.
 * Disability example: and  and  each exist, as these intersections are relevant to the topic and discussed in reliable sources, but we should not create, since the intersection of  +  is not closely relevant to the job of biologist nor is it a grouping that reliable sources discuss in depth.

Ethnicity and race
Ethnic groups are commonly used when categorizing people; however, race is not. Ethnic groups may be used as categorizations, even if race is a stereotypical characteristic of the ethnic group, e.g. with African-Americans or Anglo-Indians. See Lists of ethnic groups for groups that are typically considered ethnic groups rather than races.
 * For example, we do have Category:Jewish musicians, but we should not have Category:Semitic musicians.

When intersecting by country of residence, terminology must be appropriate to the person's cultural context.
 * For example, a Canadian of indigenous heritage is categorized at Category:Canadian people of Indigenous peoples descent, not Category:Native American people.

In addition, ethnicity-related categories (such as descent or diaspora), should not contain any individual migrant, emigrant, or immigrant; instead, that person should be diffused to an appropriate subcategory.

Also, the ethnicity of grandparents (or other ancestors) is never defining and rarely notable.

Citizenship, nationality (which country's laws the person is subject to), national origin, and national identity (which country the person feels closest to), although sometimes correlated with ethnicity, are not the same as ethnicity and are not addressed on this page.

Gender

 * See also: Category:Gender – e.g. Category:Female bullfighters, Category:Male pornographic film actors, Category:Women composers

Use gender-neutral category names, unless there is a distinct reason to do otherwise (which should then be noted in the category description). For example, instead of a category for "Kings" and a different category for "Queens", use Category:Monarchs.

A gender-specific category could be implemented where gender has a specific relation to the topic. For example, Category:Women contains articles such as International Women's Day, Women's studies, and female-specific subcategories (articles belonging in an eponymous category). Similarly, Category:Men contains articles such as father, men's studies, boy and human male sexuality, as well as male-specific subcategories. Neither category, however, should directly contain biographies of individual women or individual men.

As another example, a female heads of government category is valid as a topic of special encyclopedic interest, though it does not need to be balanced directly against a "Male heads of government" category, as historically the vast majority of political leaders have been male. Both male and female heads of government should continue to be categorized in the appropriate gender-neutral role category (e.g. Presidents, Monarchs, Prime Ministers, Governors General). Do not create separate categories for male and female occupants of the same position, such as "Male Prime Ministers of the United Kingdom" vs. "Female Prime Ministers of the United Kingdom".

As most notable organized sporting activities are segregated by gender, sportsperson categories constitute a case where "gender has a specific relation to the topic". As such, sportsperson categories should be split by gender, except in such cases where men and women participate primarily in mixed-gender competition. Example: Category:Male golfers and Category:Female golfers should both be subcategories of Category:Golfers, but Category:Ice dancers should not have gendered subcategories. and, and and  are also divided by gender.

Religion

 * See also: Category:Religion – e.g. Category:Christian theologians, Category:Hindu poets, Category:Muslim writers

Categories regarding religious beliefs (or lack of such beliefs) of a living person should not be used unless the subject has publicly self-identified with the belief in question (see WP:BLPCAT), either through direct speech or through actions such as serving in an official clerical position for the religion. For a not-recently living person, there must be verifiable reliable published sources that, by consensus, support the information, and show that the description is appropriate. Religion is not heritable. Never categorize by a religion of any parents or other ancestors.

 * For example: "Atheist" can be used as an offensive term (people living under a Fatwa are still today sometimes called "atheist" by their condemnors, irrespective of whether the former consider themselves atheist). Some of the vague (and non-NPOV) edges of inclusion in an "Atheists" category is the unclear distinction between "strong" and "weak" atheism (see the atheism article) and about whether only outspoken followers of atheistic beliefs should be named or everyone generally considered to be an "Atheist". See Category:Atheists for how the category is currently defined.

This may include other categories with similar issues, such as Category:Critics of religions and Category:Conspiracy theorists, and other such categories.

Sexual orientation

 * See also: Category:Sexuality – e.g. Category:LGBT sportspeople, Category:Lesbian politicians, Category:Bisexual actors

Categories regarding sexual orientation of a living person are subject to Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons § Categories, lists and navigation templates: such categories should not be used unless the subject has publicly self-identified with the orientation in question, according to reliable published sources. For example, a living person who is caught in a gay prostitution scandal, but continues to assert their heterosexuality, may not be categorized as gay.

For a person who has died, but is not recently deceased, there must be verifiable reliable published sources that the description is appropriate. Historically, LGBT people often did not come out in the way that they commonly do today, so a person's own self-identification is, in many cases, impossible to verify by the same standards that would be applicable to a contemporary BLP. However, a broad consensus of academic and/or biographical scholarship about the topic is sufficient to describe a person as LGBT. For example, while some sources have claimed that William Shakespeare was gay or bisexual, there is not a sufficient consensus among scholars to support categorizing him as such—while such consensus does exist about the sexuality of Oscar Wilde or Radclyffe Hall.

Categories that make allegations about sexuality—such as "closeted homosexuals" or "people suspected of being gay"—are not acceptable under any circumstances. If such a category is created, it should be immediately depopulated and deleted. Note that as similar categories of this type have actually been attempted in the past, they may be speedily deleted (as a G4) and do not require another debate at Categories for discussion.

Disability, intersex, medical, or psychological conditions

 * See also: Category:Disability – e.g. Category:Deaf musicians, Category:Sportspeople with limb difference, Category:Actors with dwarfism

People with disabilities, intersex conditions, and other medical or psychological states or conditions, should not be added to subcategories of Category:People with disabilities, Category:Intersex people or Category:People by medical or psychological condition unless that condition is considered WP:DEFINING for that individual. For example, there may be people who have amnesia, but if reliable sources don't regularly describe the person as having that characteristic, they should not be added to the category.

The final rung rule described below also applies to disability, or other medical or psychological-based intersection categories. Such categories should not be the final rung in a category tree, and should not be created if articles can't be otherwise diffused into sibling categories. For example, even if there are reliable sources that discuss, this category should not be created, since it would be a final rung category underneath , which isn't otherwise able to be diffused.

Ghettoization: final rung
Try to avoid "ghettoizing" articles about people, but at the same time, Wikipedia rules about redundant categorization should also be respected. That is, a person should not be categorized only by ethnicity, gender, religion, sexuality, or disability, without also being placed in other more general categories. In almost all cases, such categories should be non-diffusing. This means that membership of an article in the category will not require its removal from the non-gendered/non-ethnic/etc. parent category. Note, however, that the parent category may diffuse on other criteria under which the article in question may qualify for one or more additional subcategories.

 * Ethnicity example: has been largely diffused into sub-categories such as, but also has non-diffusing subcategories such as . Membership in the non-diffusing subcategory  does not preclude membership in either diffusing subcategories such as  or other non-diffusing categories such as.
 * Gender example: A woman poet from the United States should not be categorized only in, but should also be categorized in ; however, because the by-state category exists, the person does not need to also be categorized directly in . However, if a category isn't subdivided on other non-gendered grounds such as geography, genre or time period, then the person should be left in the un-gendered parent category alongside the gendered subcategory until some other relevant sub-categorization criterion is in place.
 * Disability example: should not remove the article from  or any of its diffusing subcategories. All such intersection categories should be considered as "extra" categories, and people should still be placed in all other categories for which they would qualify if they didn't have this condition. A person in  is first and foremost an actor, and should be categorized alongside other actors who don't have dwarfism.


text:
Abernant, Carmarthenshire

Abernant is a hamlet and community in Carmarthenshire, Wales. The population taken at the 2011 census was 297.

Location
Abernant is a small hamlet located four miles north west of the traditional county town of Carmarthen.

The community is bordered by the communities of: Cynwyl Elfed; Newchurch and Merthyr; Meidrim; and Trelech, all being in Carmarthenshire.

History & Amenities
It has a parish church and a small primary school.

Abernant has the oldest and vastest graveyard in Wales.

Abernant is situated near Talog, Bwlchnewydd and Cynwyl Elfed, all of which have more facilities than Abernant.

Abernant used to have a pub and a post office, but due to the ever-decreasing number of residents these no longer exist.

title: Abernant, Carmarthenshire


text:
Talk:Willem Jacob van Stockum

Physics geneology?
Does anyone know who was van Stockum's doctoral supervisor? ---CH (talk) 07:45, 1 September 2005 (UTC)

 * I'm his great-nephew and I've got his degree certificate right here. It's all in Latin, but it was awarded on 2 July 1937. The "Praefectus" was Thomas H Holland, the "Facultatis Decanus" was W M Carter and the "Secretarius" was W G Fleming. I am guessing that the first one was his supervisor. - Chris Oakley

Students beware
I created the original version of this article and had been monitoring it for bad edits, but I am leaving the WP and am now abandoning this article to its fate.

Just wanted to provide notice that I am only responsible (in part) for the last version I edited; see User:Hillman/Archive. I emphatically do not vouch for anything you might see in more recent versions, although I hope for the best.

Good luck in your search for information, regardless!---CH 20:04, 1 July 2006 (UTC)

title: Talk:Willem Jacob van Stockum


text: Talk:English in computing

title: Talk:English in computing


text:
Talk:Shared Source Common Language Infrastructure

Redundancy
It now says twice in the first paragraph that SSCLI is the reference implementation. It that really necessary? --tyomitch 01:39, 2 September 2005 (UTC)

Up-to-dateness
"The current version of SSCLI is 2.0, which contains most of the classes and features of version 2.0 of the .NET Framework[1]. Unlike the previous version however, it is only supported on Windows XP SP2."

I would guess this statement is severely out of date (Vista, anyone?). Does anyone know? Jalwikip (talk) 09:45, 3 March 2009 (UTC)

The download page has not changed, it's still XP. As there are no download page more recent than 2006 (see here), it seems to me that they let SSCLI die slowly. Hervegirod (talk) 13:07, 21 May 2009 (UTC)

SSCLI is very outdated compared to the Mono stack. There is where most developer go for reference on how .NET works. Also classes from the Mono stack is free to modify and use in your own applications. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Falde (talk • contribs) 11:41, 28 February 2011 (UTC)


text:
Colleges and Universities Sports Association

The Colleges and Universities Sports Association is an athletic association composed of colleges and universities in the Philippines. It was established in 1994. The league ended in 2007.

History
The league was first established in 1995. In the league's first ever men's basketball finals, TIP faced off against MLQU. TIP became the league's first champion in men's basketball. TIP then went on to win the inaugural overall championship.

On August 17, 1996, the 2nd season began with PCU as host. Aside from hosting, PCU had also joined the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) while also playing in the National Capital Region Athletic Association (NCRAA). The MLQU Stallions and the CCP Bobcats faced each other that season for the men's basketball championship. Led by the league's MVP in Celino Cruz and Wynne Arboleda, MLQU got its first men's basketball title.

For the 1997–98 season, the league welcomed AMA Computer Education as its newest school. With the return of Las Piñas Colleges, the league had 10 member schools. That season, Las Piñas Colleges reached the finals for the basketball tournament, led by Ernesto Billones and head coach Louie Alas. Once again though, MLQU won the men's basketball championship that year.

The 6th season began on August 24, 2000, with TIP as host. That season, PCCr won its fourth straight women's basketball title. TIP won the men's badminton tournament that year. The tournament was dominated by CCP, who won events in volleyball, chess, and table tennis enroute to its third straight overall championship.

The 7th season began on August 29, 2001 with Metro Manila College as host and opening ceremonies held at the Araneta Coliseum. Trinity University of Asia joined the league that season. University of the Assumption won the men's basketball tournament that year. They also won in men's table tennis. PMI then defeated CCP for the women's basketball championship. They also won in both categories of volleyball. In chess, MLQU won gold. Once again, CCP claimed the overall crown.

The 8th season began on August 29, 2002 with 12 schools and the introduction of football. That season, Las Piñas Colleges finally captured its first title in men's basketball over the UA Blue Pelicans. Once again, CCP dominated with gold medals in volleyball and table tennis and silver medals in basketball, football, badminton and swimming to win its 5th straight overall championship.

On August 26, 2003, the 9th season began. In a rematch of last year's finals, Las Piñas Colleges was able to defend its title in men's basketball, as they were led by Joel Gragasin and Dennis Daa.

Overall

 * 1995–1996 - Technological Institute of the Philippines
 * 1996–1997 -
 * 1997–1998 -
 * 1998–1999 - Central Colleges of the Philippines
 * 1999–2000 - Central Colleges of the Philippines
 * 2000–2001 - Central Colleges of the Philippines
 * 2001–2002 - Central Colleges of the Philippines
 * 2002–2003 - Central Colleges of the Philippines

Men's

 * 1995–1996 - Technological Institute of the Philippines
 * 1996–1997 - Manuel L. Quezon University
 * 1997–1998 - Manuel L. Quezon University
 * 1998–1999 -
 * 1999–2000 -
 * 2000–2001 -
 * 2001–2002 - University of the Assumption
 * 2002–2003 - Las Piñas Colleges
 * 2003–2004 - Las Piñas Colleges
 * 2004–2005 - PMI Colleges
 * 2005–2006 -
 * 2006–2007 - PMI Colleges
 * 2007–2008 -
 * 2008–2009 - Manuel L. Quezon University

Women's

 * 2000–2001 - Philippine College of Criminology
 * 2001–2002 - PMI Colleges

Men's

 * 2000–2001 - Central Colleges of the Philippines
 * 2001–2002 - PMI Colleges

Women's

 * 2000–2001 - Central Colleges of the Philippines
 * 2001–2002 - PMI Colleges

Chess

 * 2000–2001 - Central Colleges of the Philippines
 * 2001–2002 - Manuel L. Quezon University


text: Template:Cfd main page banner

title: Template:Cfd main page banner


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Pia Miller Getty

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete. Woohookitty 11:15, 7 September 2005 (UTC)

Pia Miller Getty
nn granddaughter-in-law of a notable person, "creative ambassador" of a beauty line. I thought about speedying this, but decided to bring it here in case there's something notable about her I'm not seeing. Zoe 07:46, September 1, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. WP:N, WP:V, WP:NOR— Encephalon |  ζ   09:51:07, 2005-09-01 (UTC)
 * Delete per Encephalon. Tonywalton | Talk 12:58, 1 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete per Encephalon. DV8 2XL 13:15, 1 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete if only because it's so boring it made my nose bleed. I don't even think the subject cares ---Outlander 14:45, September 1, 2005 (UTC)
 * I like that. Maybe we need WP:CSD A8: an article so boring it makes your nose bleed (with associated tag, of course. Tonywalton  | Talk

 * Delete, NN. -feydey 16:51, 1 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Very nn, Dottore So 01:56, 2 September 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Liewe Heksie

Liewe Heksie (Beloved Little Witch) is an Afrikaans work of fiction developed by children's book author Verna Vels in 1961. It tells the stories of Liewe Heksie who stays with gnomes in Blommeland. Their saga started off as radio stories, followed by books and stories on vinyl record. It then debuted on television in 1978 as an Afrikaans language children's television programme directed by Louise Smit. The second series of Liewe Heksie began in 1981 for a total od 52 episodes.

Series 1

 * Liewe Heksie en die Silwerroos (Liewe Heksie and the Silver Rose)
 * Liewe Heksie se Sterretjieskombuis (Liewe Heksie's Star-filled Kitchen)
 * Liewe Heksie en die Koekoekie (Liewe Heksie and the Cuckoo-clock)
 * Liewe Heksie en die Tent (Liewe Heksie and the Tent)
 * Hoe Mattewis by Heksie kom Woon het (How Mattewis came to live with Heksie)
 * Liewe Heksie en die Alpeviooltjies (Liewe Heksie and the Cyclamens)
 * Liewe Heksie en die Forelle (Liewe Heksie and the Trout)
 * Hoe Liewe Heksie Koning Rosekrans gesond gemaak het (How Liewe Heksie helped the King get better)
 * Liewe Heksie en die Helikopter (Liewe Heksie and the Helicopter)
 * Liewe Heksie op die Maan (Liewe Heksie on the Moon)
 * Liewe Heksie en die Sangeres (Liewe Heksie and the Singer)
 * Liewe Heksie die Babawagter (Liewe Heksie the Babysitter)
 * Liewe Heksie en die Diewe (Liewe Heksie and the Thieves)
 * Mattewis op die Windpomp (Mattewis on the Windmill)
 * Liewe Heksie in Gifappeltjieland
 * Liewe Heksie en die Klompe (Liewe Heksie and the Clogs)
 * Liewe Heksie en die Donkie (Liewe Heksie and the Donkey)
 * Liewe Heksie en die Sirkus (Liewe Heksie and the Circus)
 * Liewe Heksie gaan Skool toe (Liewe Heksie goes to School)
 * Liewe Heksie en die Motor (Liewe Heksie and the Car)
 * Liewe Heksie en die Klip met Voete (Liewe Heksie and the Rock with Feet)
 * Liewe Heksie kry 'n Verjaarsdag (Liewe Heksie has a Birthday)
 * Liewe Heksie en die Slee (Liewe Heksie and the Sleigh)
 * Liewe Heksie en die Toorwoorde (Liewe Heksie and the Magic Words)
 * Inbrekers in Blommeland (Burglars in Blommeland)
 * Liewe Heksie hou Partytjie (Liewe Heksie throws a Party)

Series 2

 * Liewe Heksie en die Orkes (Liewe Heksie and the Orchestra)
 * Liewe Heksie en die Beer (Liewe Heksie and the Bear)
 * Liewe Heksie en die Pampoene (Liewe Heksie and the Pumpkins)
 * Liewe Heksie end die Dolfyn (Liewe Heksie and the Dolphin)
 * Liewe Heksie die Aktrise (Liewe Heksie the Actress)
 * Liewe Heksie en die Verrassing (Liewe Heksie and the Surprise)
 * Liewe Heksie Leer Bestuur (Liewe Heksie Learns to Drive)
 * Liewe Heksie op die Strand (Liewe Heksie on the Beach)
 * Piekniek in Blommeland (Picnic in Blommeland)
 * Liewe Heksie en die Krisis (Liewe Heksie and the Crisis)
 * Liewe Heksie in die Sop (Liewe Heksie in Trouble)
 * Liewe Heksie maak 'n Plan (Liewe Heksie makes a Plan)
 * Liewe Heksie se Strykdag (Liewe Heksie's Ironing Day)
 * Liewe Heksie vertel 'n Storie (Liewe Heksie tells a Story)
 * Liewe Heksie en die Voëlnes (Liewe Heksie and the Bird's Nest)
 * Liewe Heksie en die Bal (Liewe Heksie and the Ball)
 * Liewe Heksie hou Wag (Liewe Heksie keeps Watch)
 * Liewe Heksie hou Modeparade (Liewe Heksie has a Fashion Show)
 * Liewe Heksie speel Wegkruipertjie (Liewe Heksie plays Hide-and-seek)
 * Liewe Heksie en die Vis Met Voete (Liewe Heksie and the Fish with Feet)
 * Liewe Heksie en die Balonne (Liewe Heksie and the Balloons)
 * Die Voëlverskrikker (The Scarecrow)
 * Die Wekker (The Alarm-clock)
 * Liewe Heksie en die Sterretjieskombuis (Liewe Heksie and the Star-filled Kitchen)
 * Liewe Heksie en die Geel Motor (Liewe Heksie and the Yellow Car)
 * Liewe Heksie die Heldin (Liewe Heksie the Heroine)

Published books
The first two books were illustrated by Dorothy Hill, the third by Nikki Jones and the last two by Piet Grobler.

 * Die Groot Liewe Heksie-storieboek, 1983 (The Big Liewe Heksie Storybook)
 * Lekker Liewe Heksie Stories, 1983 (Nice Liewe Heksie Stories)
 * Liewe Heksie en die Rugbywedstryd, 1988 (Liewe Heksie and the Rugby Tournament)
 * Liewe Heksie en die Rekenaar, 1999 (Liewe Heksie and the Computer)
 * Die Liewe Heksie Omnibus, 2002 (The Liewe Heksie Omnibus)

title: Liewe Heksie


text:
Asiavision (news exchange)

Asiavision (AVN) is a video news exchange operated by the Asia-Pacific Broadcasting Union's (ABU) News department. More than 15,000 news stories are shared each year. It is a non profit, non political organisation funded by members.

Asiavision began in 1984, as Kuala Lumpur became the centre for TV news exchange replacing Singapore. There are currently 27 Asiavision members including NHK Japan, KBS Korea, CCTV China, DDI India, TRT Turkiye, TVRI Indonesia, TPBS Thailand, SLRC Sri Lanka, NTV Nepal, BTV Bangladesh, FBC Fiji and MTRK Uzbekistan. The full list is available on the ABU website. The ABU is based in the Malaysian capital, Kuala Lumpur, at the RTM headquarters in Angkasapuri.

Asiavision stories are suitable for television and all digital platforms including online news, YouTube and social media. Asiavision includes breaking news, headline news, business news, and issues-based content on the environment, health, technology, sport, education, culture, innovation and the arts. Asiavision also provides members with stories from the ABU's sister unions: the European Broadcasting Union (EBU), the Arab States Broadcasting Union (ASBU) and the African Union of Broadcasters (AUB). More than half of all items are same day news.

ABU News hosts an annual News Group meeting and the Global News Forum. Monthly and annual awards celebrate the best content on Asiavision.

title: Asiavision (news exchange)


text:
Template talk:Cfd main page banner

Category
This should probably have a category or two, but offhand, I don't know what. Maurreen (talk) 07:48, 1 September 2005 (UTC)
 * I don't think it's all that useful to make a category actually; I can't imagine anyone looking in Category:Pages with a related category for deletion or something. Radiant_ >|< 08:42, September 2, 2005 (UTC)
 * Yes, the cleanup needs some method of finding the articles to remove this template.
 * --William Allen Simpson 17:52, 19 April 2006 (UTC)
 * What I meant was, are templates supposed to be categorized somehow? Maurreen (talk) 15:18, 2 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Ah. No, not really, since adding the template to a category will also add all articles containing the template to the same category. However, there's Template messages, and it may be useful to list it there. Radiant_ >|< 16:22, September 2, 2005 (UTC)
 * You're right, I forgot about how templates work. I'll add it to Template messages. Maurreen (talk) 16:40, 2 September 2005 (UTC)

Copyedit
I've given this template the same layout as other talk page templates (WP:TS). Also, it now takes a parameter to indicate which category it actually is, e.g. . Finally, I've made a shortcut, maybe cfda to redirect here. Feel free to change any or all of what I just said, it's just suggestions. Radiant_ >|< 08:42, September 2, 2005 (UTC)

 * Good changes, thanks. Maurreen (talk) 15:18, 2 September 2005 (UTC)

Template messages -- need help, please
I added this to Template messages/Maintenance. But it now says there, "This template is misplaced. It belongs on the talk page: Wikipedia talk:Template messages/Maintenance," and I have no idea why. Maurreen (talk) 17:00, 2 September 2005 (UTC)
 * I do :) read the source of the template, you'll see. The trick is simple - subst it into the maintenance page, and remove the talkpage bit. Radiant_ >|< 22:24, September 2, 2005 (UTC)

Two argument form
Wondering if its a good idea to have a two argument form of this template so merges and renamings could list the intended target? --Salix alba (talk) 23:58, 17 February 2006 (UTC)

 * Maybe, although that will be apparent at the CfD page itself. However, need another argument for the date to direct them to the correct day page, and assist in finding these templates to cleanup afterward.  There are currently hundreds (thousands?) from ancient debates.
 * --William Allen Simpson 17:52, 19 April 2006 (UTC)

Wikipedia:Categories for discussion
After the rename, renamed this template and its category to match, as it seems to be put on Talk and other Categories more often than articles.
 * --William Allen Simpson 05:32, 3 July 2006 (UTC)

Moved documentation
It's now at Template:Cfdnotice/doc. +mwtoews 04:17, 10 February 2007 (UTC)

Link in template?
Is there a way that this template can be used to link properly to a mass CfD? As it is now, if a CfD is part of a group, the "discussion" link will point to a section that probably doesn't exist. —Josiah Rowe (talk • contribs) 07:33, 16 February 2007 (UTC)

--William Allen Simpson (talk) 19:52, 7 May 2009 (UTC)
 * Second parameter. Also, when I redesigned the template using parser functions, it most definitely was not intended to be subst'd, so I have no idea what prompted such a silly mistake. Obviously, the documentation needs work!

Move discussion in progress
There is a move discussion in progress on Template talk:Cfd-notify which affects this page. Please participate on that page and not in this talk page section. Thank you. —RMCD bot 15:16, 11 August 2016 (UTC)

Requested move 2 May 2020

 * The following is a closed discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review after discussing it on the closer's talk page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

The result of the move request was: moved to Cfx main page banner, which seems to be ticking most of the suggested boxes. Primefac (talk) 00:10, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

– Now that Template:Cfd-notify has been renamed Template:Cfd notice per the result of Template talk:Afd notice, the fact that these templates have such similar names (same name but without a space) can be seen as confusing/problematic. However, I'm not sure what to rename these templates given their purpose, which is to tag the articles that would normally be used in the respective Cat main template on each category (usually, the article is eponymous with the category.) Either way, after these templates are renamed, their leftover redirects should be retargeted to Template:Cfd notice for conformity (once their incoming links in documentation pages and instruction pages have been corrected, of course.) Steel1943  (talk) 17:11, 2 May 2020 (UTC) —Relisting. Mdaniels5757 (talk) 22:48, 6 June 2020 (UTC)  —Relisting. —usernamekiran (talk) 05:36, 3 September 2020 (UTC)
 * Template:Cfdnotice → ?
 * Template:Cfrnotice → ?
 * Template:Cfmnotice → ?

 * Pinging participants in the previous discussion liked above. Also, pinging SMcCandlish, who has been involved in the creation of the latter two templates. Steel1943  (talk) 17:16, 2 May 2020 (UTC)

William Allen Simpson (talk) 16:51, 9 August 2020 (UTC)
 * Good thinking. How about adding "-main" to all of them? --Bsherr (talk) 17:31, 2 May 2020 (UTC)
 * Why? What is "main" about them, and why would we add a useless hyphen? Tracking template renames over several years, I see that we've actually been removing unnecessary hyphens from hundreds if not thousands of templates, let's not try to swim up the waterfall.  — SMcCandlish ☏ ¢ 😼  22:37, 2 May 2020 (UTC)
 * Their purpose is to be put on the main page (as in Template:Cat main) in relation to a category. I put the hyphen because, to me, some punctuation was warranted, but I do acknowledge perhaps it is better without it. --Bsherr (talk) 20:00, 3 May 2020 (UTC)
 * These are all talk page banner templates. So, a naming pattern like "Cfx banner" should work.  — SMcCandlish ☏ ¢ 😼  22:37, 2 May 2020 (UTC)
 * Move to Template:Cfx notice banner. It is still necessary to qualify these as alternative notices and distinguish them clearly from Template:Cfd itself, which is also a banner. –LaundryPizza03 ( d c̄ ) 17:49, 3 May 2020 (UTC)
 * Would it be possible to include something in the title that differentiates that these notices relate to the main page of a category? --Bsherr (talk) 20:00, 3 May 2020 (UTC)
 * These three are basically the same template. Suggest Template:CfD main article banner. It's cumbersome but descriptive and the current titles will remain as redirects. — Martin (MSGJ · talk) 21:04, 27 May 2020 (UTC)
 * I agree with this in principle, assuming you propose the same for Cfr and Cfm. I'd also prefer lowercase d/r/m, but uppercase wouldn't be a dealbreaker (and one should redirect to the other). So, the three would be moved to Template:Cfd main article banner, Template:Cfr main article banner, and Template:Cfm main article banner (with the d/r/m perhaps being capitalized). --Mdaniels5757 (talk) 15:24, 17 June 2020 (UTC)
 * Template:CfD main article notice etc. That seems the clearest description of the templates' purpose. I'm not thrilled about "banner" because that term is normally used for permanent banners, rather than these temporary notices of discussions.  But I'd accept @MSGJ's suggestion of Template:CfD main article banner etc as the least worst of the other options. --  Brown HairedGirl  (talk) • (contribs) 04:02, 25 June 2020 (UTC)
 * I support this. --Mdaniels5757 (talk) 22:26, 30 July 2020 (UTC)
 * The page is not always an article. For example, it can be a Wikipedia or Help page. If you don't like plain "main", would you prefer "main page"? --Bsherr (talk) 10:31, 17 September 2020 (UTC)
 * Botched the alert. Sorry. --Bsherr (talk) 10:33, 17 September 2020 (UTC)
 * Sorry, you too. Gosh, must be tired. --Bsherr (talk) 10:35, 17 September 2020 (UTC)
 * @Bsherr, yes "main page" would be okayish. -- Brown HairedGirl  (talk) • (contribs)
 * Support Template:XfD main article notice and Template:XfD user notify. I defer to, who I'm surprised and pleased is still around after all these years! That AfD talk page decision was meager, and then applied across the board to everybody else. It probably should have been posted as RFC for better visibility. But sauce for the gander. Back in the day, the "notice" was on the Article page, and the "notify" was on a user Talk page. Easy to remember, alphabetized, documented in pairs. Making long complex names just means there will be lots of short redirects. But at least we should make them both consistent with each other.
 * Comment. Sentiment was leaning against moves in these two 2016 discussions. I'm not sure what's changed in four years other than the participants in the discussions. – wbm1058 (talk) 17:52, 9 August 2020 (UTC)
 * Support a move that makes the name less like Template:Cfd notice. The move should include after-move clean up and then redirecting these targets to Template:Cfd notice.--Gonnym (talk) 12:30, 3 September 2020 (UTC)

Redirects to Cfdnotice
Redirects to Cfdnotice — wbm1058 (talk) 16:09, 9 August 2020 (UTC)
 * Template:Cfd-article
 * at 04:58, 3 July 2006 moved page Template:Cfd-article to Template:Cfdnotice (match Tfdnotice, more intuitive name)
 * Template:Cfd-notice
 * at 08:10, 2 December 2007 moved page Template:Cfd-notice to Template:Cfd-notify (per talk page discussion)
 * Template:CFD-notice created 30 January 2020 by
 * Template:CfD-notice created 30 January 2020 by
 * Template:CfD notice created 30 January 2020 by
 * Template:CFD notice created 30 January 2020 by
 * Template:CfDnotice created 30 January 2020 by
 * Template:CFDnotice created 30 January 2020 by

Links to Cfdnotice
What was the point of this 16 July 2006 edit by to make the link   Who's gonna notice that a period (full stop) character is a link. Doesn't the comment  cover that. Of course, if this is re-targeted after moving that means the old comments won't be pointing to the correct template any more.

Template:Deletion tools and Template:Wikipedia templates sidebar each include a link to cfdnotice which is responsible for it being linked from over 300 user pages.

It's linked from 180 talk pages.

It's also linked from 93 Wikipedia talk pagges, 83 user talk pages and 59 category talk pages so it's not just a "main article talk" notice. Linked from 809 pages in all. – wbm1058 (talk) 17:21, 9 August 2020 (UTC)

William Allen Simpson (talk) 23:23, 14 August 2020 (UTC) William Allen Simpson (talk) 23:46, 14 August 2020 (UTC) William Allen Simpson (talk) 00:05, 15 August 2020 (UTC)
 * Linking the dot was the kind of thing we used to do so the Talk pages showed up in What Links Here, as we only put the article/category page in the Xfd category. That was part of a (then new) parser functions edit. Also, I'd written the wiki PHP (the only PHP I've written in my life) for the date function that we then used for automating Cfd and Tfd 7 day rollovers. Before that, we rolled them every day by hand. As you note, much has changed in 14 years.
 * Just to clarify, we didn't distinguish between category and template Talk pages. They are all "main" Talk, with the others as "user" Talk. I don't remember how the article/category/template Talk form was merged with the user Talk form. Once upon a time, we distinguished them, and they had slightly different text; the former to record the result, the latter to invite folks to comment.
 * Moreover, you'll notice the earlier talk here about subst'ing. Originally, they were not subst'd. We expected hundreds, not millions. So I'm not sure why there are 809 extant instances to worry about. Failure to subst?

 * The discussion above is closed. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

title: Template talk:Cfd main page banner


text:
Bourget

Bourget may refer to:

People

 * Barbara Bourget (born 1950) Canadian artistic director
 * Claude Marc Bourget (born 1956) Canadian musician, writer and journalist
 * Ignace Bourget (1799–1885), French-Canadian Roman Catholic priest and bishop of the Diocese of Montreal.
 * Maurice Bourget (1907–1979) Canadian politician
 * Paul Bourget (1852–1935), French novelist and critic
 * Robert Bourget-Pailleron (1897–1970), French novelist

French communes

 * Le Bourget, Seine-Saint-Denis département
 * Le Bourget-du-Lac, Savoie département
 * Bourget-en-Huile, Savoie département
 * Villarodin-Bourget, Savoie département

Other

 * Le Bourget Airport, an airport near Paris
 * Lac du Bourget, the largest lake in the French Alps
 * Bourget, Ontario
 * Bourget (electoral district), a provincial electoral district in Quebec

title: Bourget