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John N. Dempsey

John Noel Dempsey (January 3, 1915 – July 16, 1989) was an American politician who was the 81st Governor of Connecticut. He was a Democrat, and began his political career at the age of 21 serving on the Putnam City Council. He later served as mayor of Putnam, before being elected to Governor of Connecticut.

Biography
Dempsey was born in Cahir, County Tipperary, Ireland. He was the only son of a career British Army officer. In 1925, the family moved to Putnam, Connecticut, in the northeastern corner of the state. He worked there in the textile industry and then in the Town Hall, which made the start for his rise in state politics. While living in Putnam, Dempsey was the Soccer Coach at the Pomfret School in Pomfret. He was married to Mary Frey and they had three sons and a daughter.

Political career
In 1936, at the age of 21, Dempsey was elected to the Putnam City Council, and in 1948 he began the first of six terms as mayor. He was elected to the Connecticut House of Representatives in 1949, but managed to divide his time between state and local affairs. He served in the General Assembly until 1955, when he became executive secretary of governor Abraham A. Ribicoff.

Dempsey was the 94th Lieutenant Governor of Connecticut during Ribicoff's last term as governor, from 1959–1961. When Ribicoff resigned as Governor of Connecticut to become a member of President John F. Kennedy's Cabinet, Dempsey succeeded him, becoming the first person to hold this position since the early colonial period who had been born in Europe. He also began a 30-year period in which the former Puritan colony had only Catholic governors in office. In 1969, leaders of both parties introduced the Legislative Management Act to establish support staff and control the operating budget of the Assembly. Both houses voted unanimously to override his veto. He was an ally of party chairman John M. Bailey. He chose not to run for re-election in 1970 and was succeeded by Republican Thomas J. Meskill. During his tenure, he served on the Advisory Commission on Intergovernmental Relations, the National Governors Association Executive Committee from 1968 to 1969; also chaired the New England Governors Association from 1963 to 1965 and the Democratic Governors Association from 1969 to 1970. After leaving office, Dempsey became the President of the Indian Trails Council of the Boy Scouts of America.

Death and legacy
The University of Connecticut Health Center in Farmington, Connecticut, is known as John Dempsey Hospital. He was treated for lung cancer there himself in the last month of his life. He died in his home, on July 16, 1989, at Killingly Center, Windham County, Connecticut. He is interred at Saint Mary Cemetery, Putnam, Windham County, Connecticut.

title: John N. Dempsey


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Talk:Ashet

Vote for Deletion
This article was redirected to Ra-Tet as a result of a Vote for Deletion. The discussion can be found here. -Splash 01:01, 22 August 2005 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Ashet


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User:For playing the fool

Note: A series of sockpuppets have been editing the same set of pages (usually Victoria of the United Kingdom, Pope Pius XII, Jim Duffy (author) and Dublin statues and their nicknames, Lamest edit wars and George III of the United Kingdom) identical ways to include almost identical information, all of it POV. All were pages I had edited. Skyring had a history of Wikistalking me, for which the ArbComm imposed a one year ban. Within hours of contributing to a debate on Wikistalking this latest campaign started, with some aspects of the campaign (abusive edit summaries on occasion, undoing changes I had made, etc, exactly what Skyring did. He had threatened to use sockpuppets to continue to wage campaigns against me if banned. FearÉIREANN\(caint) 00:18, 22 August 2005 (UTC)

title: User:For playing the fool


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USCGC Bibb

The USCGC Bibb (WPG-31) was a 327 ft Secretary-Class (also known as "Treasury Class") Coast Guard ship commissioned in 1936. Seven similar "combat cutters" were built and named for secretaries of the United States Treasury. Bibb was named for U.S. Secretary of the Treasury (July 4, 1844 – March 7, 1845) George M. Bibb.

History
Bibb saw service in World War II. The ship fought in the Battle of the Atlantic serving as a convoy escort. In February 1943, the convoy came under attack and the SS Henry R. Mallory was torpedoed. Capt. Raney ignored the order to leave the survivors and went back and rescued 202 men from the icy waters. In 1944 Bibb provided convoy escort between the United States and North Africa — mainly to Bizerte in Tunisia. In January 1945 Bibb left Charleston, South Carolina for service in the Pacific theater where, as an AGC, she served temporarily as the flagship for Commander, Mine Craft, Pacific Fleet. Bibb is credited with destroying one Japanese kamikaze aircraft in action at Karema Retto.

In peacetime the Bibb spent time on ocean station providing weather information and beacons to trans-Atlantic traffic. While on ocean station, the Bibb came to the rescue of the airliner, the Bermuda Sky Queen. In the Vietnam War, the Bibb transported John Kerry after he was shot on his Swift boat.

Fate
Bibb was decommissioned in 1985 and remained docked until it was transported to the Florida Keys for use as an artificial reef. The ship was sunk in November 1987 just outside the coral reef tract, about six miles (10 km) offshore of the island of Key Largo. It lies on its side at a depth of about 130 ft. Nearby, a second Treasury-Class ship, the USCGC Duane (WPG-33) was also sunk as an artificial reef.

The Bibb rests at 24.99517°N, -80.3795°W.

Noteworthy crewmembers
Among those serving on Bibb was James A. Watson, a rear admiral who was the onsite ranking officer in the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. Watson was an Engineering Officer/Student Engineer (1978–1980).

In popular culture
The USCGC Bibb appeared in the 1952 film Walk East on Beacon at the film's climactic end.

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BBC iPlayer

BBC iPlayer (stylised as iPLAYER or BBC iPLAYER) is a video on demand service from the BBC. The service is available on a wide range of devices, including mobile phones and tablets, personal computers and smart televisions. iPlayer services delivered to UK-based viewers feature no commercial advertising. The terms BBC iPlayer, iPlayer, and BBC Media Player refer to various methods of viewing or listening to the same content. To use the service, a valid TV Licence is required by law.

In 2015, the BBC reported that it was moving towards playing audio and video content via open HTML5 standards in web browsers rather than via Flash or its Media Player mobile app.

On 17 October 2018, the BBC iPlayer Radio brand was replaced with BBC Sounds.

In 2019, the BBC improved the format quality, taking the highest available on iPlayer to 1080p (full HD) from 720p (standard HD).

On 20 October 2021, the BBC announced that BBC iPlayer would be given a new logo which would involve being rebranded as "iPLAYER".

Currently, some programs can be watched in UHD on iPlayer as part of an ongoing trial, as well as streaming major live events in 4K on iPlayer

History

The concept for the BBC iPlayer was dreamt up by Ben Lavender in 2005, a BBC employee frustrated by attempting to BitTorrent Buffy the Vampire Slayer. He went on a 'road-show' around the BBC to sell the concept and was told by the Director General that he had "saved the BBC". BBC Redux was developed as a proof of concept for a cross-platform, Flash Video-based streaming system. BBC iPlayer left beta and went live on 25 December 2007. On 25 June 2008 a new-look iPlayer was launched, originally as a beta-test version alongside the earlier version. The site tagline was "Catch up on the last 7 days of BBC TV & Radio", reflecting that programmes were unavailable on iPlayer after this time (with some exceptions). The BBC states on its website that this is for copyright reasons. The marketing slogan was later changed to "Making the unmissable, unmissable". In May 2010 the site was updated again to include a recommendations feature and a "social makeover".

In February 2011, the BBC iPlayer was once again modified to include links to programmes from other broadcasters, including ITV, ITV2, ITV3, ITV4, Channel 4, E4, More4, Film4, Channel 5, 5Star, 5USA and S4C. The feature was added to the search function and the channels function. When users click on a programme by another broadcaster they are redirected to the relevant broadcaster's catch-up service (either ITVX, the Channel 4 video on demand service or My5).

In April 2014, BBC iPlayer was once again relaunched with a new look and a different user interface. From October 2014 the BBC extended the programme availability for programmes on iPlayer from 7 days to 30 days. The COVID-19 pandemic from 2020 and the subsequent lockdowns have changed this; many programmes are available for more than a year, and entire series - for example, Peaky Blinders, Top Gear, and Killing Eve - are available in their entirety going back to the first episode. However, for legal reasons, most news bulletins are available for only 24 hours after the initial broadcast (with the exception of World Business Report, Business Live, Victoria Derbyshire, Daily Politics, Politics Europe, Sunday Politics and Newsnight). Some archive programming, such as Timewatch, is available for the long term. Select live programmes such as Saturday Mash-Up! are available for up to a week after broadcast, whilst others are available for up to a month.

Specific applications for mobile platforms were launched in February 2011, initially for iOS and Android devices, where the launch would have the biggest impact.

Development
The original iPlayer service was launched in October 2005, undergoing a five-month trial by five thousand broadband users until 28 February 2006. iPlayer was heavily criticised for the delay in its launch, rebranding and cost to BBC licence-fee payers because no finished product had been released after four years of development. A new improved iPlayer service then had another very limited user trial, which began on 15 November 2006. At various times during its development iPlayer was known as the Integrated Media Player (iMP), Interactive Media Player, and MyBBCPlayer.

The iPlayer received the approval of the BBC Trust on 30 April 2007 and an open beta for Windows XP and Windows Server 2003 was launched at midnight on 27 July 2007, when it was announced that only a fixed number of people would be able to sign up for the service, with a controlled increase in users over the summer. The BBC had been criticised for saying that the iPlayer would 'launch' on 27 July 2007, when what was on offer was simply an extension of the beta to an open beta, admitting more users in a controlled manner. This was done reportedly to allow British ISPs and the BBC to gauge the effect of the iPlayer traffic on the Internet within the UK.

The open beta incorporated a media player, an electronic programme guide (EPG) and specially designed download client and allowed the download of BBC Television content by computers assigned to a United Kingdom-based IP address, for use up to thirty days after broadcast. However, it was available only to users of Windows XP.

This was a controversial decision by the BBC and led to a petition against the decision being posted on 10 Downing Street's e-petition website. The petition reached 16,082 signatures on 20 August 2007. The response from the Government was: ".. the Trust noted the strong public demand for the service to be available on a variety of operating systems. The BBC Trust made it a condition of approval for the BBC's on-demand services that the iPlayer is available to users of a range of operating systems and has given a commitment that it will ensure that the BBC meets this demand as soon as possible. They will measure the BBC's progress on this every six months and publish the findings."

On 16 October 2007, the BBC announced a strategic relationship with Adobe that would bring a limited streaming-only version of the iPlayer to Mac and Linux users and Windows users who cannot or do not wish to use the iPlayer download service, such as Windows 9x users. The streaming service was launched on 13 December 2007. Most programmes can be viewed for up to seven days after broadcast, unlike the thirty days provided by the download service.

Since January 2008, iPlayer has supported Mozilla Firefox under the Microsoft Windows platform for downloading content.

Before the iPlayer had even launched it was announced that the BBC, alongside ITV and Channel 4, was intending to launch a new video-on-demand platform, provisionally named Kangaroo. It was intended that Kangaroo would complement the video-on-demand services that these channels were already offering, including the iPlayer, by making programmes available once their 'catch-up' period had expired. The Kangaroo project was eventually abandoned and sold to Arqiva after being blocked by the Competition Commission early in 2009.

Following a deal between the BBC and cable television provider Virgin Media, the iPlayer service was made available through the provider's on-demand service. The cable service launched on 30 April 2008, and keeps the look and feel of the BBC iPlayer programme.

In response to a Freedom of Information Act request, the BBC revealed that by 8 April 2008, the iPlayer had cost £6 million to develop.

On 23 August 2008, a new feature, Series Stacking, was announced. This feature was rolled out on 13 September 2008 and allowed viewers to watch previous programmes from selected series until the series had ended, with a limit of thirteen weeks after first broadcast. Not all programmes will form part of the stack, however. The BBC Trust permitted 15% of content to be offered as part of the stacking service; soaps, news bulletins and review-based programmes will not be stacked, nor programmes containing material of a legal nature, such as Crimewatch.

On 19 December 2008, the BBC released, as part of the iPlayer Labs feature, iPlayer Desktop for OS X and Linux operating systems. This moved the download service away from the previous P2P-based distribution model and onto an HTTP download model.

On 20 April 2009, the BBC incorporated high-definition streams and downloads of some content on the iPlayer. There are plans to roll out the HD streams to devices such as the Virgin Set Top Box but no date has yet been set. An iPlayer application for the PlayStation 3 was announced by Sony in August 2009 and was released on 1 September 2009 along with the Firmware 3.0 update to coincide with the launch of the slimline PlayStation 3.

Another version of iPlayer was released in late 2009 as a 'channel' for the Nintendo Wii. This shows only low-definition videos of BBC shows up to seven days after their release on television. As of 2019, this version is unavailable due to the closure of the Wii Shop Channel.

On 28 July 2011, BBC Worldwide released an international version of the iPlayer.

Speaking in 2012, Ralph Rivera, BBC Director of Future Media, said: "In the same way as the BBC has a role in making sure there is a healthy TV ecosystem, the BBC should be playing the same sort of role in the digital sector. It's part of why we have a licence fee."

BBC Radio services delivered via iPlayer were relaunched on 8 October 2012 under the BBC iPlayer Radio brand. The rebranded service offered different functionality from the main iPlayer interface and a BBC iPlayer Radio smartphone app was also launched.

On 26 September 2013, BBC iPlayer Desktop was replaced by BBC iPlayer Downloads, which was no longer based on Adobe AIR. On the same date, the BBC stopped making programmes available to download in WMV format.

The BBC discontinued the RSS feed for iPlayer TV content in October 2014. This stopped some third-party tools such as the get_iplayer content downloader from working. In March 2016, an unofficial site restored access to this information.

In September 2015, it was revealed that as part of Tony Hall's "open BBC" strategy, coming primarily in response to budget cuts across the BBC that would require it to discontinue or factor some of its services, the BBC planned to offer third-party content through iPlayer in the future, as well as launch a spin-off, iPlay, which would be tailored towards children's content.

In September 2016, support for older Freeview and Freesat receivers manufactured between 2010 and 2014 was dropped.

On 30 October 2018, the BBC relaunched its iPlayer Radio services as BBC Sounds, including a newly designed website and mobile apps.

On 8 December 2020, chief content officer Charlotte Moore stated that the BBC would realign the leadership structure of its television services in April 2021 to prioritise the iPlayer, under which iPlayer Controller Dan McGolpin would become Portfolio Director for the iPlayer and the main BBC channels, and the role of Controller for each BBC channel would be replaced by a team of "portfolio editors" who would select programmes commissioned by the BBC's genre directors to be carried on the iPlayer and BBC channels.

Television licence requirements
Before September 2016, a television licence was not required to stream either BBC television or radio programmes from the iPlayer that had already been broadcast, though a licence was still required in order to watch live content. Since 1 September 2016, a television licence has been required to view any iPlayer content, regardless of whether it is live or on-demand. Despite the requirement, the enforcement of this measure uses only a trust system, under which users must acknowledge a pop-up window warning of the new requirements. Neither the BBC nor TV Licensing announced any specific plans to implement detection measures.

In September 2016, the BBC also announced that users would eventually be required to sign in with a BBC ID account to access non-children's content on the service. In May 2017, the iPlayer began to encourage users to login with a BBC ID in preparation for this change. Media outlets suggested that the account requirement was intended to help the BBC collect personal information that could be used to trace those who were evading TV Licensing whilst using the iPlayer; Andrew Scott, launch director of the ongoing initiative, stated that the BBC might use account email addresses, along with existing methods, to help identify iPlayer users who did not hold a television licence. However, he repeatedly said that the account system was primarily intended to provide personalization features across BBC properties, such as content recommendations on the iPlayer, and the ability to continue watching a programme on one device from where it was left off on another.

Download service
One of the key features of the original iPlayer download service was the use of peer-to-peer (P2P) technology to enable the distribution of large video files (i.e. TV programmes) to scale effectively. Once downloaded, the content was only playable within the iPlayer itself or Windows Media Player 10 or 11, and subject to digital rights management.

In December 2008, the BBC moved to an Adobe AIR-based client that downloaded content via HTTP rather than P2P. The new system replaced the Windows DRM system with Adobe's own. DRM software prevents it from being directly copied to another medium (e.g. another computer or CD-ROM) and allowed the BBC to control how long the programmes remain watchable. Programmes were available for download for seven days following broadcast. Once a programme is downloaded, a user had thirty days to start watching it; after starting to watch, a programme remained available for the next seven days. Using the online streaming service, most programmes became unavailable from the website after seven days.

Criticism was levelled at the iPlayer's use of KService from Kontiki, the peer-to-peer application which continued to use users' bandwidth even after the iPlayer had been shut down. However, the Kontiki P2P system was not used after the new client was introduced in December 2008.

The client offered an electronic programme guide (EPG) with listings for both the previous seven and next seven days' programmes; selecting a programme which had already been broadcast began downloading it immediately, while those not yet shown would be downloaded when available. It was not possible to schedule a series to be automatically downloaded when the next episode becomes available.

Online streaming service

The BBC's streaming version of the iPlayer, using Adobe Flash software, was launched on 13 December 2007. The BBC made use of the Christmas period to trumpet the new service with the tagline 'Making the unmissable... unmissable', and the service came out of beta on 25 December 2007. Also, seasonal specials were followed routinely throughout the Christmas week with plugs for the iPlayer. The streaming version of the iPlayer offered replays of programmes broadcast on all national BBC TV channels and S4C during the last seven days. Due to licensing agreements, all international and some privately produced TV shows and movies are not available on the iPlayer.

'iPlayer 2.0'
On 25 June 2008, the BBC announced that they had been developing a new version of the iPlayer based on user feedback – it was then called "BBC iPlayer 2.0". New features included combining the normal television iPlayer with the radio iPlayer, schedules of programmes due to be on the iPlayer, automatic resumption of the last programme watched, an increase in the size of the screen by 25% to 640 pixels wide, RSS feeds of iPlayer data, and a "Yesterday's TV" function. The beta ran alongside the existing site until 3 July 2008, when a new version replaced it. Later versions have implemented an option of streaming videos in high quality in H.264.

A special version of the BBC iPlayer was launched on 19 December 2008. It was designed for children aged 6 to 12, allowing them to choose from series such as Blue Peter, M.I. High, The Sarah Jane Adventures and more (non-children's programming is restricted).

BBC iPlayer Desktop Manager
At the end of 2008, a newer platform was launched which facilitated use of the new BBC iPlayer Desktop (replacement for Download Manager) and other "BBC iPlayer Labs" features such as adjustable video windows and user feedback options. In March 2009, the BBC launched a streaming version of the player which needs a 1500 kbit/s minimum connection.

On 1 April 2010, this Desktop Manager was updated to version 1.5.15695.18135. The update claimed, amongst other things, optimisation of CPU usage in full screen: 20% to 40% improvement; videos that start to download in the UK should be able to complete downloading abroad; and update to use Adobe Integrated Runtime AIR 1.5.3 which has improved reliability, compatibility and security.

'iPlayer 3.0'
The iPlayer team released the next generation of the iPlayer, calling it the iPlayer 3.0 release, on 6 September 2010. It brought integration with various social networking sites to the TV on-demand service, through deals with Facebook, Twitter, Reddit, Delicious, Digg and StumbleUpon.

BBC ID was also added to allow users to access their iPlayer settings from a variety of devices and Favourite shows so the users get notified when new episodes of their favourited shows are available.

The only other feature of the new-look iPlayer discussed was a new embeddable video player, being rolled out across the whole of the BBC's online presence. On 19 June 2012 on the live TV channels, it added a rewind to start button.

The BBC reported iPlayer users had technical problems with the release of Adobe AIR 3.5, and another with Google Chrome.

iPlayer Downloads
The iPlayer Desktop application was replaced with the simpler iPlayer Downloads application, from which some features were dropped, for example, live streaming.

In February 2024, the BBC announced they would be closing the iPlayer Downloads application - ending downloads for users on desktop or laptop computers. Programmes would still be available for streaming or download on tablets or phones.

'The New BBC iPlayer'
On 11 March 2014, the BBC introduced a new version of their iPlayer service called 'The New BBC iPlayer'. This new version included a new user interface, and uses the BBC's new 'responsive design,' which means the iPlayer can be used on different screen sizes without building separate versions. There is a new home screen along with new channel pages that also use the same responsive design that the rest of the BBC sites now use. The BBC ID is still used to track favourites across the site (however, favourites have now been moved to a whole page rather than an individual bar), and new categories have been generated to expand the amount of programmes that can be found by the 42% of visitors who arrive to the iPlayer service without a particular programme in mind. The new pop-out radio player has removed the option to select either high or low bit-rate, which may impact users with a data download cap. It no longer restores the volume level or play point from the previous session.

The iPlayer introduced an Ultra HD trial, allowing users with an Ultra HD device to watch with greater picture detail. From December 2016 to January 2017, this was being used to show a 4-minute clip of Planet Earth II in 4K. Other BBC shows, such as His Dark Materials (which was also filmed in this format), could also be streamed on iPlayer in Ultra HD. However, the iPlayer including the UHD material does not support surround sound/5.1 audio and only supports stereo sound, even when 5.1 audio has been broadcast (e.g., The Proms).

In early 2016, regional opt-outs for 15 English regions were introduced so regional programming could be watched live.

BT Vision
On 27 May 2008, BT began to charge BT Vision customers £3 per month for watching BBC Replay, a cut-down version of the iPlayer offering a more limited 30 hours of BBC programming per week. A spokesman for BT said that its customers had previously been able to view only BBC on-demand content because of "technical issues". A BBC spokesman said: "In line with other TV platforms where BBC programmes are made available on demand, the BBC requires that all public service content should be accessible via the lowest cost subscription tier. In this case, it is BT Replay."

From 1 April 2009, the Replay package was included in all of BT Vision's Value Packs but remained available as a separate, £2.93 per month, package to non-subscribers.

On 11 November 2010, the BBC and BT announced plans to bring the full iPlayer package to BT Vision, replacing the BBC content on BT Vision's 50-hour "TV Replay" package. BT introduced the iPlayer in a phased release, starting in early December 2010, with all BT Vision customers able to access the service on channel 990 by 22 June 2011.

Digital media receivers
iPlayer downloaded TV programmes can be streamed to televisions via the NetGear EVA8000 and Linksys DMA2200 digital media receivers, through PCs running Windows XP or Vista, with Windows Media Center installed.

FetchTV
On 23 July 2009, the first subscription-free digital terrestrial device to include the iPlayer went on sale in UK retailers. The FetchTV Smartbox connects to any broadband connection and gives access to the iPlayer and is a Freeview+ PVR.

FetchTV created its own version of the iPlayer, believing it was adhering to BBC guidelines, but support was refused by BBC Future Media and Technology. IP Vision made a formal complaint to the BBC in March 2009: the matter then passed to the BBC Executive's Fair Trading Complaints Panel, which rejected the complaint, and IP Vision then appealed to the BBC Trust. On 22 December 2009, the BBC Trust rejected FetchTV's request to release the product. The Trust's Finance and Compliance Committee (FCC) found that the BBC had given reasonable arguments as to why IP Vision should not be allowed to go ahead with its self-build product.

The Trust FCC also rescinded new guidelines introduced by the BBC in October 2009, formalising a ban on third parties building their own commercial iPlayer products. The Trust concluded that the clarification amounted to a significant change to the syndication guidelines which should have been referred to the Trust for approval before publication.

Freesat

On 2 November 2009, it was announced that a beta release of the iPlayer for Freesat would be released on 7 December 2009 to a limited number of Freesat viewers. On 21 December 2009, the iPlayer was made available on a soft launch to Freesat viewers with Humax Foxsat HD receivers only, with an official release on 11 January 2010. It is the final beta version of the iPlayer, available via the red button on interactive page 7001. On 20 January 2010, Sony released software update 1.630SA to enable the iPlayer on all of their Freesat-integrated televisions.

On 25 March 2010, the iPlayer was added to TechniSat receivers, with an update for Harvard International receivers released on 31 March. However, the Harvard upgrade will not be available on early model standard definition Freesat receivers sold under the Bush, Goodmans and Grundig brands. Harvard International is therefore offering a replacement high-definition receiver to anyone affected. Panasonic had aimed to add the iPlayer to all of its devices by October 2010, but support was only extended to the 2008 range in September 2011. LG have been unable to update their Freesat integrated LF7700 television and were offering a free Freesat set-top box; however, this promotional goodwill gesture ended after 6 months. On 16 December 2010, the iPlayer was assigned to Freesat channel 901, in addition to access via the BBC Red Button.

Freeview
On 4 May 2009, the managing director of Freeview, Ilse Howling, announced expectations that iPlayer-enabled Freeview boxes would be available in 2009. From 1 April 2011, all new Freeview HD receiver products must include MHEG Interaction Channel (MHEG-IC) as part of D-Book 6.2.1. The move allowed the standard MHEG-5 reliant iPlayer application to be offered from 7 April via the red button on all BBC channels to Freeview HD certified devices.

Roku
On 10 February 2012, Roku launched their streaming devices in the UK for the first time, with the iPlayer available from launch. On 26 July 2013, Now TV released a Now TV-branded Roku streaming box, including the iPlayer app.

Sky
On 30 January 2012, it was announced that iPlayer would be added to Sky's On Demand service, arriving on 30 October 2012. The launch reduced the amount paid by the BBC for its carriage on Sky by up to 30%, following the introduction of a clause in BSkyB's Published Price List which reduces the amount paid by a public service broadcaster when one of its channels offers on demand programming to Sky receivers. The iPlayer via Sky requires a subscription to Sky TV channels or to Sky+ and a Sky+ HD box with an internet connection.

Televisions and Blu-ray players
In December 2009, Cello Electronics released the Marks & Spencer branded TV. The television is internet enabled, allowing for the viewing of online content including the iPlayer, which has its own physical button on the remote, although the iPlayer HD wasn't available until 2010.

On 11 January 2010, the BBC announced that the iPlayer would be built directly into TVs that would be widely available in the UK within months. Samsung Electronics became the first major manufacturer to officially announce that its televisions would be updated to include full access to the iPlayer. An iPlayer app is available to download from Samsung Apps for Samsung Smart TV.

Sony added the iPlayer to its BRAVIA Internet Video service, included in its 2010 range of televisions and Blu-ray players. On 9 September 2010, the iPlayer was added to Sony's BRAVIA televisions, having previously only been available on Blu-ray players. Televisions needed a firmware update which could be upgraded over the internet or downloaded onto a USB flash drive for loading directly to the TV. At the time of launch, BBC HD content is not available, though high and standard video quality are available on all programmes.

Virgin Media
On 30 April 2008, the iPlayer service was fed directly to Virgin Media's 3.4m digital cable TV customers as part of the company's video-on-demand service. Pressing the 'red button' while watching a BBC channel on TV will bring up the iPlayer service without the user having to access the web.

On 29 May 2008, Virgin Media successfully integrated the iPlayer with the Virgin Media electronic programme guide. Most BBC shows are now listed alongside other VOD content in Virgin's Catch Up TV section and through the red button while viewing a BBC channel. There is no charge for watching BBC shows through the iPlayer on Virgin Media.

As of 21 July 2008, the iPlayer on Virgin Media had received 10.5 million views since its official launch on 1 June 2008. On 26 September 2008 it was revealed that one-third of all iPlayer programme views were accessed through Virgin Media.

On 1 May 2009, the BBC and Virgin Media announced the launch of HD content via the iPlayer on Virgin Media's TV platform, including Robin Hood, Friday Night with Jonathan Ross and Later... with Jools Holland.

On 2 March 2011, Virgin released an iPlayer application for their TiVo digital video recorder. Unlike the previous implementation, the application streams over the internet rather than utilising Virgin's video-on-demand service, to comply with the BBC's then-proposed syndication policy. The change also allows an increase in the amount of programmes available, from around 300 to 700 hours on average, bringing Virgin into line with the iPlayer on connected TV devices. At the same time, Virgin Media were also forced to remove direct access to BBC content on TiVo, meaning that instead of being able to access BBC content through its EPG, Virgin TiVo users instead had to go through the Apps and Games area or press the Red Button from a BBC channel. This access was reimplemented with the release of TiVo update 15.2 in late 2011, which integrated BBC iPlayer once again into the TiVo search and EPG after new guidelines on syndicated content were published by the BBC Trust.

YouView
BBC iPlayer was one of four services available at the launch of YouView in July 2012. At launch, the BBC iPlayer app contained options to resume watching recent programmes, access favourites, browse the most popular shows, find similar programmes or more episodes, included integrated search and was the only service to feature HD video.

PlayStation 3
Soon after the Wii release, several unofficial PlayStation 3 iPlayer proxy sites arose that used JavaScript to replace the UA string. On 2 December 2008, the BBC provided an official iPlayer application widget for the PS3. Shortly after release, the PS3 accounted for 6% of all iPlayer traffic, making it the third most popular platform used to access the service behind personal computers (85%) and mobile phones and iPods (7%). By January 2010, PS3 usage had risen to 8%, and by November 2010, over 6 million people accessed the iPlayer through the PlayStation 3.

In September 2009, the PS3 iPlayer was updated with H.264 playback and full-screen content. Future plans for the PS3 iPlayer include features from iPlayer V3 scheduled for late 2010. On 8 August 2011, the application was updated and now includes access to BBC HD; however, most content remains unavailable to PS3 users due to DRM restrictions.

The PS3 iPlayer was withdrawn from October 2020 as part of a BBC closure policy for older devices.

PlayStation 4
In October 2013, Sony confirmed that the PlayStation 4 would have the BBC iPlayer app. Additionally, they announced that BBC iPlayer would continue to be free to access and would not be part of the PlayStation Plus subscription service.

Wii

On 9 April 2008, the BBC iPlayer was made available to stream video content on the Wii video game console via the Internet Channel. This was enabled by a recoding of the iPlayer to use Flash 7 rather than Flash 9. However, the Autumn 2009 update to the Wii's Internet Channel resulted in the iPlayer no longer working on updated consoles. A BBC iPlayer in the form of a dedicated Wii channel was launched on 18 November 2009. The BBC iPlayer Channel was free to download from the Wii Shop Channel, until 10 February 2015, when the BBC announced on their website that they had removed BBC iPlayer from the Wii Shop Channel and terminated the service on the Wii. The BBC cited their policies in resource management as the reason.

Wii U
The BBC confirmed that this application was set to be released on Nintendo's Wii U at launch, but due to some issue, it was delayed. In January 2014, the BBC stated that this application is set to appear soon on Wii U. On 11 December 2014, Senior product manager Peter Lasko of BBC stated that they hope this application will come to Wii U in early 2015. Without prior notice, however, the app was eventually released for the Nintendo eShop on the Wii U by 28 May 2015.

On 31 August 2016, only about 15 months after launch, the BBC iPlayer was de-listed from the Nintendo eShop, and the BBC later confirmed terminating the service by 16 January 2017 for those who already downloaded the app on the Wii U. The BBC cited the end in the licence agreement between them and Nintendo UK as the reason.

Xbox 360
The BBC and Microsoft had been unable to reach a deal to add the iPlayer to the Xbox 360 for a number of years because Microsoft's strategy of charging for all content on its Xbox Live platform is incompatible with the BBC's public service remit. Microsoft wanted to ensure that only those paying for Xbox Live Gold accounts could access its added content services. The BBC is not legally allowed to charge the UK public for access to the iPlayer, as the access charges for it are included in the BBC licence fee already.

In October 2011, it was announced that the BBC content would be made available to all Xbox Live members in the UK, including Xbox Live Free members. On 20 March 2012, BBC iPlayer became available on Xbox Live; the service includes Kinect functionality.

Support for the iPlayer on the Xbox 360 was terminated on 27 March 2019.

Xbox One
In October 2013, Microsoft confirmed that the Xbox One would have the BBC iPlayer app. However, despite Microsoft's claim that the BBC iPlayer app would be available for Xbox One from launch day in the UK, it was not. The BBC commented in December 2013, saying: "BBC iPlayer is already available to audiences on over 1,000 devices and platforms in the UK. Whilst we are working to bring BBC iPlayer to Xbox One in the future, we have no further details to share at this time."

In January 2014, a report by a BBC programmer announced that an issue with the Kinect sensor had caused the app's delay. He added that all Xbox One apps have to offer gesture and voice controls, as well as Snap features and media achievements. In August 2014, the BBC reported on its blog that they were aiming to release BBC iPlayer on Xbox One by the end of 2014.

On 4 December 2014, BBC iPlayer was released on the console.

PlayStation 5
BBC iPlayer was released on PlayStation 5 on 30 November 2021.

Android devices
On 23 June 2010, after many months of complaints from Android users, BBC iPlayer officially announced support for the Android platform. Users can navigate to the usual BBC iPlayer website, and a mobile website is displayed. As a result of the BBC's decision to use Adobe Flash Player to handle video playback for Android devices on this website, users must be using Android 2.2 or later (the earliest Android version supported by Flash Player).

There was also an unofficial but functional application for the Google Android platform called, but all BBC content was removed in November 2010 as the service was alleged to be in breach of the BBC terms of use. Another such application – – was removed from the market in May 2010 at the BBC's request.

On 8 February 2011, the BBC announced that Android, alongside the iPad, would be amongst the first two platforms to receive a native iPlayer application. The application was made available via the Android Market to UK users, but as with the earlier mobile website, the application uses Adobe's Flash Player for video playback and as a result is only available for devices running Android 2.2 to 4.0 since Android 4.1 does not support Flash Player.

On 4 September 2012, the BBC posted on their internet blog that Android users would soon be able to download programs using the BBC iPlayer app.

On 19 September 2012, the BBC reported that an Adobe AIR-based iPlayer application had been developed for Android 4.1, as well as earlier versions. The application, named BBC Media Player, is intended to permit continued iPlayer support for the Android platform.

BlackBerry devices
On 5 November 2010, an official BBC iPlayer app that allows users to stream live television and radio, and catch up on previously aired content became available for download on BlackBerry OS 5.0 (and higher) devices. A Wi-Fi connection is needed for an "optimal viewing experience" but 3 and Vodafone are allowing it run on their 3G networks.

iOS devices
On 7 March 2008, a beta version for Apple's iOS devices (iPhone, iPod Touch, and later iPad) was released, allowing streaming over a Wi-Fi connection. An update released on 12 December 2011 allowed streaming over 3G. On 4 September 2012, an update provided the ability to download programmes for up to 30 days, with a seven-day viewing window. The EDGE connectivity on the iPhone, however, is not supported, as it is too slow for streaming video.

Non-iPhone users were found to be watching and downloading streams intended for iPhone users allowing them to play them on alternative devices. The BBC modified the iPlayer service on 13 March 2008 to prevent this. Through the month of June 2008, further methods were discovered by iPlayer users to watch and download streams intended for iPhones. A Ruby hole was followed by the BBC introducing XOR encryption on parts of the downloaded files if a genuine iPhone was not detected.

The BBC introduced specially crafted web bugs, referrer checks and download chunk limits, such that only devices exhibiting this behaviour, i.e. a genuine iPhone handset, would be able to stream the video content. A cycle of updates and reverse engineering has followed such that all the various streams, both for the iPhone and Flash streaming service, are now able to be downloaded without the need for decryption or DRM circumvention. This has been made possible by various software which can effectively simulate a RTMP Flash client or an iPhone. In early December 2010, the iPhone MP3 access was being changed to use HTTPS. The server checks the client's certificate and only accepts connections for those issued to Apple. This change to the protocol not only prevents access to non-Apple devices but also disables use by a number of early-generation iPod Touch devices.

On 28 July 2011, BBC Worldwide released an international version of the iPlayer for the iPad. A UK version of the iPlayer for iPad app was also launched; however, this version only allowed streaming video and did not allow any offline viewing. In December 2011, the iPlayer app was extended to work with the iPhone and iPod Touch.

Nokia N96 phone
On 18 September 2008, the BBC announced that a version will become available to the Nokia N96 mobile phone as a download service to allow viewers to watch programmes even when they are out of reach of Wi-Fi or 3G networks. The launch date was set of 1 October 2008.

Shortly after on 9 September 2008, even before the BBC Nokia N96 download service had gone live, a method was published to independently download and play the iPlayer N96 3GP stream on other mobiles, Linux and macOS.

Windows Phone
BBC Released BBC iPlayer app on Windows Phone 8 devices on 15 May 2013 as a mobile wrapper UI. Available on the Windows Phone Store.

Additional mobile devices
In early December 2008, iPlayer was updated to include streaming radio and television, and extended to a variety of handsets including Nokia 5800 XpressMusic, Nokia N8, Samsung Omnia, Sony Ericsson C905, Sony Ericsson XPERIA X1 and Sony Ericsson W995.

BBC Store
BBC Store, codenamed Project Barcelona, launched in the UK and opened the archive to consumers and allowed users to buy a show and download it. BBC Store was approved by the BBC Trust in 2014 and the store launched in 2015. It was initially hosted on a dedicated website but later integrated with BBC iPlayer. BBC Store closed in 2017, but is still available in the United States.

Reception and adoption
Before the launch in December 2007, the BBC had hoped the service would reach half a million users in its first six months. This turned out to be a gross underestimate, as 3.5 million programmes were streamed or downloaded in the first three weeks alone. The Guardian described these figures as "remarkably promising".

In its first year, 2008, growth continued at an impressive rate. By April, the iPlayer accounted for around five per cent of all UK Internet traffic, and had approximately five million page views per day by June. In December, it was announced that more than 180 million programmes have been watched on iPlayer since its release. During the BAFTAs in May, the iPlayer won the "Interactive Innovation Service/Platform" Award, beating Channel 4's 'Big Art Mob' and the Bebo 'Open Media Platform'. The streaming of programmes forms the lion's share of the success, outnumbering downloads eight to one in January 2008, and 97:3 in October 2009.

In the month of October 2009, it was revealed that the site experienced 70 million requests and transferred seven petabytes of data. Television formed about two-thirds of all requests, with radio making up the rest. Most TV was streamed from pre-recorded footage, whereas live streaming was preferred of radio. Eighty-five per cent of requests were from computers, with much of the rest coming from iPods, iPhones and PS3s (from a total of 15 platforms). The most popular TV programme of 2009 was Top Gear, and the most popular radio was that reporting The Ashes.

The success of the iPlayer may be down to a "long tail" effect, with users seeking out niche programmes; programmes broadcast on digital channels are doing remarkably well. However, this is expected to change with the introduction of booking programmes to download in advance and automatic downloading of the next episode.

In 2008, the bandwidth use of iPlayer was met with some concern and criticism from UK ISPs. Several ISPs, notably Tiscali, called on the BBC to partially fund network upgrades to cope with iPlayer traffic. The BBC responded by saying that the iPlayer was driving demand for broadband subscriptions.

By May 2010, the site was getting 123 million monthly play requests. The service was being used by 40 per cent of online adults in the UK by March 2012.

DRM criticism
During the 2005 and 2006 iPlayer trials, the digital rights management (DRM) system used was based on Microsoft's Windows Media DRM, which led to concerns about cross-platform availability, as this technology is available only for Windows XP. However, some users have managed to get it working using compatibility options in Microsoft's Windows Vista. The BBC emphasises that it "has a commitment to platform neutrality and a remit to make its content as widely available as possible", and that while the initial trial used a Microsoft-based technology, they are constantly looking for new technologies which would enable them to relax the restriction: Ashley Highfield, then BBC's director of Future Media and Technology, explained that "we have always started with the platform that reaches the most people and then rolled it out from there". They also point out that not all of the content delivered through the iPlayer will be subject to DRM – live streaming content, for instance, may not need the same level of control, presumably implying that players for OS X and Linux systems could be developed with a restricted range of content. However, a project was started to enable the iPlayer to work with other platforms via the Wine project. Streaming via the BBC iPlayer website is now available in all browsers supporting Adobe Flash. Also, iPlayer Desktop, which allows downloading programmes for later offline viewing, is available for Windows, macOS and Linux.

On 14 August 2007, the Free Software Foundation staged a demonstration outside BBC Television Centre. The FSF's Peter T. Brown criticised the BBC for what he claimed was a break from previous tradition: the insistence that, for the first time, BBC viewers would be forced to use proprietary technology to watch BBC programmes.

On 18 February 2010, the BBC updated iPlayer with an SWF verification layer which attempts to close the door on open source implementations of Real Time Messaging Protocol (RTMP) streaming. The attempt was unsuccessful, with most existing open source applications remaining capable of playing or downloading RTMP content from the iPlayer.

Overseas availability
BBC TV productions are paid for by the UK television licence fee and rights agreements with third parties. Thus, all BBC iPlayer TV programmes are accessible from IP addresses allocated to the UK only,. However, most radio programmes can be accessed globally, with the exception of a few programmes, mainly sports broadcasts, that are affected by rights issues.

An international version of the iPlayer was launched on 28 July 2011 in eleven western European countries, after receiving the approval of the BBC Trust in November 2010. The international iPlayer takes the form of an iPad application which offers a limited amount of free content, supported by pre-roll ads and sponsorship, but its core business model is subscription (subscription costs approximately £5.00 per month). The global iPlayer app includes some features that are not in the UK version, including the ability to stream shows over 3G as well as Wi-Fi, and a downloading feature to store programmes on one's mobile device for offline viewing. At launch, 1,500 hours of content was made available, of which 60% had been produced and commissioned by the BBC, while 30% had been commissioned by the BBC but produced by independents. The other 10% was entirely non-BBC content, including ITV's Primeval, and Channel 4's The Naked Chef and Misfits. Launches in Australia and Canada followed by the end of 2011 as part of what was intended to be a one-year pilot.

Although US availability was also anticipated in 2011, an American launch date was never announced. Reports from the summer of 2012 claimed that American cable providers threatened to drop BBC America if the iPlayer, which duplicates much of the content on the cable channel, were made available in the US market. In a statement on the difficulties facing the US rollout, the BBC's Head of Communications for Global iPlayer Tessa Matchett said: "The United States is a very complex media market. Currently, we have one very successful cable channel in BBC America, and we’re looking into what options we have to roll out additional platforms in that country." In May 2015, it was announced that the global iPlayer service would be discontinued.

In early 2016, BBC Worldwide launched a version of the iPlayer service in Singapore, rebranded as BBC Player. The service is only available to Starhub subscribers who have subscribed to the BBC channels package in Singapore. The service was extended into Malaysia in 2017; however, the service can only be accessed by UniFi subscribers who have signed up for the Jumbo pack on Hypp.TV. Access for Streamyx subscribers with the same Hypp.TV package was added a few months later.

In March 2017, BBC Worldwide, as part of a joint venture with ITV plc, and BBC America co-owner AMC Networks, launched a new U.S. subscription video-on-demand service known as BritBox.

Humour
In 2009, the BBC's April Fools' joke was a press release announcing the availability of the iPlayer on a specialised toaster, supposedly for users to watch breakfast television.

The volume control of the iPlayer goes up to 11, apparently a nod to a scene about an amplifier volume control that goes up to eleven in the rock mockumentary This Is Spinal Tap (1984).

title: BBC iPlayer


text:
Sumay-ye Beradust District

Sumay-ye Beradust District is in Urmia County, West Azerbaijan province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Serow.

Population
At the time of the 2006 National Census, the district's population was 39,802 in 6,760 households. The following census in 2011 counted 36,216 people in 7,721 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the district as 35,183 inhabitants in 7,831 households.

title: Sumay-ye Beradust District


text:
Texas State Technical College – Waco

Texas State Technical College of Waco is a public technical college in Waco, Texas. It was founded in 1965 as the James Connally Technical Institute of Texas A&M University.

Texas State Technical College is the only state-supported technical college system in Texas, and is accredited by the Commission on Colleges of the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools. Its campus offers student housing, cafeteria, activities center, and a gymnasium.

title: Texas State Technical College – Waco


text: User talk:FuelWagon/usd

title: User talk:FuelWagon/usd


text:
Flora Mure-Campbell, Marchioness of Hastings

Flora Mure-Campbell, Marchioness of Hastings and 6th Countess of Loudoun (1780 – 8 January 1840) was a British peer, the second daughter of James Mure-Campbell, 5th Earl of Loudoun and Lady Flora Macleod.

She married Francis Rawdon-Hastings, 2nd Earl of Moira, later the Governor-General of India, Governor of Malta and Marquess of Hastings, on 12 July 1804 and with him had six children:

 * Lady Flora Elizabeth (1806–1839), died unmarried.
 * Hon. Francis George Augustus (1807–1807), died in infancy.
 * George Augustus Francis, styled Lord Rawdon, later Earl of Rawdon, later 2nd Marquess of Hastings (1808–1844)
 * Lady Sophia Frederica Christina (1809–1859), married John Crichton-Stuart, 2nd Marquess of Bute and had issue.
 * Lady Selina Constance (1810–1867), married Charles Henry, of Straffan.
 * Lady Adelaide Augusta Lavinia (1812–1860), married Sir William Keith Murray.

Around 1807 she commissioned the building of Loudoun Castle in Ayrshire, to designs by Archibald Elliot.

Her husband died on 28 November 1826 aboard HMS Revenge (1805) off Naples, and, following his directions, his right hand was cut off to be buried with his wife when she died. This wish was complied with, and it now rests clasped with hers in the family vault at Loudoun Kirk.


text:
Nina Weckström

Nina Weckström (born 10 August 1979) is a Finnish badminton player from Helsingfors badminton klub. She won the National Championships in the women's doubles event seven times from 1999 to 2004 and 2006 partnered with Anu Weckström. In the international tournament, she won the women's singles title at the Southern Pan Am International in Miami, United States, and also the women's doubles event at the Norwegian International tournament with her sister Anu. After finishing her career in badminton, she received the scholarship by the URA Foundation. She educated Pedagogy in Copenhagen, and while she studying, she trained at the Holte Badmintonklub.

BWF International Challenge/Series
Women's singles

Women's doubles
 * BWF International Challenge tournament
 * BWF International Series tournament

title: Nina Weckström


text: User talk:69.111.91.169

title: User talk:69.111.91.169


text:
John Franklin Fort

John Franklin Fort (March 20, 1852 – November 17, 1920) was an American Republican Party politician, who served as the 33rd governor of New Jersey, from 1908 to 1911. His uncle, George Franklin Fort, was a Democratic Governor of New Jersey from 1851 to 1854.

Biography
Fort was born in Pemberton, New Jersey, on March 20, 1852. He attended the Pennington Seminary, and earned an LL.B. degree at Albany Law School in 1872.

An attorney, Fort was appointed by Governor George B. McClellan, a Democrat, to the First District Court of Newark, a position he held through subsequent Democratic administrations until he stepped down in 1886. Fort was a delegate to the Republican National Convention in 1884 and 1896. In 1900, Governor Foster M. Voorhees appointed him to the New Jersey Supreme Court, where he remained until 1907. Fort was a delegate to the 1912 Republican National Convention.

In 1909 Fort was elected an honorary member of the New Jersey Society of the Cincinnati.

In March 1917, President (and former New Jersey Governor) Woodrow Wilson appointed Fort to the Federal Trade Commission, a position he held until November 1919 when he resigned due to illness. He died in his South Orange home on November 17, 1920, aged 68, and was buried at Bloomfield Cemetery in Bloomfield.

title: John Franklin Fort


text:
Bête Noire (album)

Bête Noire is the seventh solo studio album by English singer Bryan Ferry, released on 2 November 1987 by Virgin Records in the United Kingdom and by Reprise Records in the United States. It was a commercial and critical success, peaking at No. 9 in the UK and was certified Gold by the British Phonographic Industry (BPI).

The first single, "The Right Stuff"—a collaboration with Johnny Marr adapted from the Smiths' instrumental B-side "Money Changes Everything" —was the album's only top-40 entry in the UK, peaking at No. 37. The second single, "Kiss and Tell", narrowly missed the UK top 40 (peaking at No. 41), but made the U.S. top 40 (becoming Ferry's only solo single to chart in the U.S. Top 40). The song also appeared in the drama film, Bright Lights, Big City (1988), starring Michael J. Fox. The third and final single, "Limbo", peaked at No. 86 in the UK. The promotional video for the single "Kiss and Tell" features the models Denice D. Lewis (who is also featured on the single's cover photograph), Christine Keeler and Mandy Smith.

Background
After the success of his previous studio album, Boys and Girls (1985), Ferry continued in the sophisti-pop style that he had pioneered since Avalon with Roxy Music, and in an attempt to give his music a more danceable sound, he joined forces with Patrick Leonard who was notable for having worked with Madonna. Leonard went on to co-write five of the album's songs. Guesting on the album would be Pink Floyd guitarist, David Gilmour, session musicians Guy Pratt, Marcus Miller, David Williams, Abraham Laboriel, as well as Roxy Music's former touring musicians, guitarist Neil Hubbard and drummer Andy Newmark.

Fans, and critics have often speculated that the song "Kiss and Tell", was Ferry's response to Jerry Hall's tell-all book about their relationship published a couple of years earlier.

Lawsuits with E.G. Records
Prior to the release of the album, Ferry claimed that his recording agreement with the label E.G. ended in March 1987 and that he was in a position to sell his new album to any company. E.G. said that he was in breach of a 15-year contract which gave them exclusive rights to market the album in Canada and the United States. The action was heard at the High Court of Justice in London, and in a preliminary hearing, the parties agreed that if the album were to be released before the main hearing, Ferry was to pay a third of the royalties into a joint account with E.G. – which they would receive if they were to win the case. E.G. later won the case and they marketed the album in Canada and the United States.

The album was released in the United States by Reprise Records, and debuted on the Billboard chart November 21, 1987, spending 31 weeks on the chart, peaking at No. 63.

1988–89 tour
Ferry toured Australia, Japan, United States, Canada, and Europe to promote the album. The Edge from U2 joined Ferry on stage at the Dublin show to perform the Irish folk song, "Carrickfergus" (which Ferry had previously recorded in 1978 for The Bride Stripped Bare) and Johnny Marr joined the backing band for "The Right Stuff" at the Manchester show. Roxy Music saxophonist and oboist Andy MacKay also joined the backing band for a few songs at the London Palladium and Wembley Arena dates.

Several of the songs from the Glasgow show were included on several Bryan Ferry CD singles between 1993 and 1995.

Line-up

 * Bryan Ferry – lead vocals
 * Clifford Carter – keyboards
 * Neil Hubbard – guitars
 * Jeff Thall – guitars
 * Chester Kamen – guitars (1989 dates only)
 * Luico Hopper – bass
 * Andy Newmark – drums
 * Steve Scales – percussion
 * Michelle Cobbs – backing vocals
 * Ednah Holt – backing vocals
 * Yanick Étienne – backing vocals
 * Andy Mackay – saxophones (guest at the London dates)

Video release
The Bête Noire Tour movie was released 10 November 2008 by the EMI Productions studio. The DVD features a pair of solo performances by Bryan Ferry, the first performance previously released as New Town, was filmed during his 1988–89 Bête Noire European Tour. The bonus show is the previously unavailable Virgin Germany 25th Birthday concert in Munich in 2002.

Critical reception
Reviewing retrospectively for AllMusic, critic Ned Raggett wrote of the album, "Bête Noire sparkles as the highlight of Ferry's post-Roxy solo career, adding enough energy to make it more than Boys and Girls part two. Here, his trademark well-polished heartache strikes a fine balance between mysterious moodiness and dancefloor energy, and Leonard adds more than a few tricks that keep the pep up." The critic Robert Christgau wrote of the album, "As with Mick Jagger, of all people, the signal that self-imitation has sunk into self-parody is enunciatory ennui—vocal mannerisms that were once ur-posh are now just complacent." Billboard wrote of the album, "Former Roxy Music maestro's much-awaited follow-up to "Boys And Girls" harbingers well for his new association with Reprise. Like past Ferry solo efforts, this displays the singer/writer's usual suaveness; tunes hinge on his familiar theme of l'amour moderne on the rocks. Tracks are uniformly solid, although "Kiss & Tell" and "Seven Deadly Sins" stand out."

Anthony DeCurtis reviewed the album for Rolling Stone and wrote "Bête Noire is another step in Ferry's retreat from distinct songs into atmosphere and feel. The strategy can sometimes work wonderfully, as Ferry proved on the transcendent album Avalon from Roxy Music. But as his voice sinks more deeply into the murky layers of his music, as his lyrics are reduced to a Morse code of refined despair and his subjects recede into the mist, Ferry seems increasingly like Narcissus, enraptured by his own reflection in the pond - and the bottomless depth below." Mark Coleman reviewing for the Rolling Stone Album Guide stated "Bête Noire could use one solid melody. As hushed and haunted as ever, Ferry's deeply evocative voice nevertheless gets lost amid the grandiose and antiseptic musical trappings of the digital recording era. Bête Noire is depressingly tasteful and restrained—state-of-the-art rock wallpaper." Ira Robbins of the Trouser Press commented "The similarly restrained Bête Noire confirms Ferry's commitment to innocuous sophistication. That wonderful voice is his sole asset: what he's singing is all but irrelevant. But this record's stronger melodic development and a wider variety of danceable tempos than on Boys and Girls are palpable signs of life; the involvement of ex-Smiths guitarist Johnny Marr as a player and the co-writer of one near-exciting song ("The Right Stuff") is another positive touch. In the end, given one's diminished expectations,"Limbo," "Kiss and Tell" and "Day for Night" are coolly inviting and likable enough.

Personnel
The names of the musicians who performed on the album are mentioned in the liner notes, their instruments and the exact songs on which they play are not. The following list tentatively mentions the instruments the same musicians have played on other Ferry records.

Musicians

 * Bryan Ferry – lead vocals, keyboards, acoustic piano
 * Patrick Leonard – keyboards, synthesizers
 * David Gilmour – guitars
 * Neil Hubbard – guitars
 * Dann Huff – guitars
 * Chester Kamen – guitars
 * Johnny Marr – guitars
 * Bill Ruppert – guitars
 * David Williams – guitars
 * Abraham Laboriel – bass
 * Marcus Miller – bass
 * Guy Pratt – bass
 * Vinnie Colaiuta – drums
 * Andy Newmark – drums
 * John Robinson – drums
 * Rhett Davies – drum machines
 * Paulinho da Costa – percussion
 * Jimmy Maelen – percussion
 * Courtney Pine – saxophones
 * Dan Wilensky – saxophones
 * Mario Abramovich – violin
 * José Libertella – bandoneon
 * Luis Stazo – bandoneon
 * Tawatha Agee – backing vocals
 * Michelle Cobbs – backing vocals
 * Yanick Étienne – backing vocals
 * Siedah Garrett – backing vocals
 * Paul Johnson – backing vocals
 * Albert Sanchez – backing vocals
 * Fonzi Thornton – backing vocals

Technical

 * All songs produced by Bryan Ferry and Patrick Leonard; Except "Kiss and Tell", "New Town", "The Right Stuff" and "Seven Deadly Sins" produced by Bryan Ferry, Patrick Leonard and Chester Kamen.
 * Executive Producer – Simon Puxley
 * Recording Engineers – Ian Eales, Steve Jackson and Kevin Killen.
 * Mixed by Bruce Lampcov and Alan Meyerson
 * Mastered by Bob Ludwig at Masterdisk (New York, NY).
 * Photography – Alistair Thain
 * Tracks 1, 4, 5, 8 and 9 published by Virgin Music (Publishers) Ltd. and Johnny Yuma Music.
 * Tracks 2 and 3 published by Virgin Music (Publishers) Ltd.
 * Track 6 published by Virgin Music (Publishers) Ltd. and Warner Brothers Music Ltd.
 * Track 7 published by Virgin Music (Publishers) Ltd., Warner Brothers Music Ltd. and Copyright Control.

title: Bête Noire (album)


text:
Milton Metz

Milton Metz (c. 1921 – January 12, 2017) was an American radio and television personality in Louisville, Kentucky. He occasionally did commercial work for local radio and television stations until he was unable to due to his health in the last year of his life.

Personal life
Metz was born in Cleveland, Ohio. In the 1930 census he is listed as eight years old, living in Cleveland with his father, Russian-born Solomon Metz, his mother, English-born Sarah (Silverman) Metz, and two older sisters, Florance and Mildred. He attended Ohio State University.

Little is publicized about Metz's personal life, including his age. In an interview with columnist Tom Dorsey of The Courier-Journal just prior to the end of his radio show in 1993, Metz would only say, "Let's just say I'm older than Diane Sawyer and younger than Mike Wallace." Wallace was 75 at the time.

Broadcast career
"El Metzo", as he was known to fans, was best known for his work at WHAS (AM) radio, which began in 1946. His call-in show, Metz Here, which began its run on July 20, 1959 (with the title Juniper-5-2385), and ended on June 10, 1993. Though records aren't clear on the subject — Larry King began his first local show a year before, but it isn't clear if he took calls on the air — Metz Here is believed to be one of the first call-in shows on radio, pioneering a format that is in widespread use today as talk radio. Metz usually featured guests, and was always kind (almost to a fault) to both guests and callers. Thanks to the station's 50,000-watt clear channel AM signal, Metz Here was heard by listeners in 40 states and much of Canada.

Metz was also widely seen on local television, serving as co-host and co-producer of Omelet, a morning–lunchtime talk and news program on WHAS-TV, and was the station's weatherman for 19 years. He also interviewed countless celebrities on the first Saturday in May during WHAS-TV's traditional marathon pre-race show before the Kentucky Derby, where he was a fixture on "Millionaire's Row", home to well-heeled spectators in the clubhouse of Churchill Downs. Metz later pared down his work to a series of daily 90-second commentaries on WHAS radio. They were discontinued around the turn of the century, and his voice heard almost exclusively on local commercials, though he still participated annually in the WHAS Crusade for Children telethon—as he has since the very first Crusade in 1954.

Metz also recorded talking books for the American Printing House for the Blind through 1980.

Metz was inducted into the University of Kentucky Journalism Hall of Fame in 1989. He was also named as a Gold Circle Honoree in 2009 by the Ohio Valley Chapter of the National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences.

Metz died on January 12, 2017, at the age of 95, at a senior-care facility near Louisville where he lived after a rehabilitation stint for injuries suffered in a fall in 2016. His wife Mimi died a few months beforehand.

title: Milton Metz


text:
Afwillite

Afwillite is a calcium hydroxide nesosilicate mineral with formula Ca3(SiO3OH)2·2H2O. It occurs as glassy, colorless to white prismatic monoclinic crystals. Its Mohs scale hardness is between 3 and 4. It occurs as an alteration mineral in contact metamorphism of limestone. It occurs in association with apophyllite, natrolite, thaumasite, merwinite, spurrite, gehlenite, ettringite, portlandite, hillebrandite, foshagite, brucite and calcite.

It was first described in 1925 for an occurrence in the Dutoitspan Mine, Kimberley, South Africa and was named for Alpheus Fuller Williams (1874–1953), a past official of the De Beers diamond company.

Afwillite is typically found in veins of spurrite and it belongs to the nesosilicate sub-class. It is monoclinic, its space group is P2 and its point group is 2.

Formation
It is suggested that afwillite forms in fractured veins of the mineral spurrite. Jennite, afwillite, oyelite and calcite are all minerals that form in layers within spurrite veins. It appears that afwillite, as well as calcite, forms from precipitated fluids. Jennite is actually an alteration of afwillite, but both formed from calcium silicates through hydration. Laboratory studies determined that afwillite forms at a temperature below 200 C, usually around 100 °C. Afwillite and spurrite are formed through contact metamorphism of limestone. Contact metamorphism is caused by the interaction of rock with heat and/or fluids from a nearby crystallizing silicate magma.

Structure and properties
Afwillite has a complex monoclinic structure, and the silicon tetrahedra in the crystal structure are held together by hydrogen bonds. It has perfect cleavage parallel to its (101) and poor cleavage parallel to its (100) faces. It is biaxial and its 2V angle, the measurement from one optical axis to the other optical axis, is 50 – 56 degrees. When viewed under crossed polarizers in a petrographic microscope, it displays first-order orange colors, giving a maximum birefringence of 0.0167 (determined by using the Michel–Levy chart). Afwillite is optically positive. Additionally, it has a prismatic crystal habit. Under a microscope afwillite looks like wollastonite, which is in the same family as afwillite.

Afwillite is composed of double chains that consist of calcium and silicon polyhedral connected to each other by sharing corners and edges. This causes continuous sheets to form parallel to its Miller index [$\overline{1}$01] faces. The sheets are bonded together by hydrogen bonds and are all connected by Ca-Si-O bonds (Malik & Jeffery, 1976). Each calcium atom is in 6-fold octahedral coordination with the oxygen, and the silicon is in 4-fold tetrahedral coordination around the oxygen. Around each silicon there is one OH group and there are three oxygens that neighbor them. The silicon tetrahedra are arranged so that they share an edge with calcium(1), and silicon(2) shares edges with the calcium(2) and calcium(3) polyhedral. The silicon tetrahedra are held together by the OH group and hydrogen bonding occurs between the hydrogen in the OH and the silicon tetrahedra. Hydrogen bonding is caused because the positive ion, hydrogen, is attracted to negatively charge ions which, in this case, are the silicon tetrahedra.

Occurrence in concrete
Afwillite is one of the calcium silicate hydrates (C-S-H) that form when Portland cement sets to form hardened cement paste (HCP) in concrete. The cement gets its strength from the hydration of tri- and di- calcium silicates (C3S and C2S) present in the clinker.

title: Afwillite


text:
Talk:Shag Harbour UFO incident

Good Article comments
Greetings and salutations! I have looked over the article, and I am afraid to say that I do not think it is GA standard yet. Here is a criterion-by-criterion commentary (numbered as per WP:WIAGA):

 * 1) The prose is fine, and I can't find any problems with the grammar and vocabulary. However, the lede is not nearly long enough - a single simple sentence to describe the whole incident? I would expect at least a paragraphy of summary. And, please do link all the dates, to make sure that they will display in people's preferred format!
 * 2) Referencing is my major sticking point here. There is a single source for the -whole- article. No page numbers, no anything. In the article, a History Channel documentary is mentioned, and according to the article, there was a good amount of press coverage at the time. I don't mind relying on a small number of authoritative sources, but please do cite page numbers to make it easier to verify. Especially in parts like the first paragraph of "Alleged military search", where there is a lot of quoting and paraphrasing witnesses, it would be very nice to have a footnote per witness quotation, even if it is only 'Ibid, pp 98'. Also see about the 'allegations' in the subsequent point.
 * 3) Seems somewhat broad, covering the incident, responses, and reporting. Did the incident have a big lasting impact? Perhaps that could be mentioned more explicitly. Also, there is a lot of 'alleging'. This makes it sound like the government tried to cover it up. If they didn't, stand by your sources and remove all the 'allegations' flying about. More elaboration on the government's official stance would be nice. See comment above about the lede, too.
 * 4) Article doesn't strike me as being anything but NPOV once there is sourcing for the 'allegations'.
 * 5) Article is also stable. No complaints here.
 * 6) The current selection of images is fine.

Good luck! Abednigo 21:10, 22 March 2007 (UTC)
 * Side note: the newspaper article image needs a fair use rationale, or the article will be quick-failed if re-nominated. --Nehrams2020 22:53, 22 March 2007 (UTC)

Citations & References
See Footnotes for an explanation of how to generate footnotes using the  tags Nhl4hamilton (talk) 07:12, 6 February 2008 (UTC)

Video
I've removed a link to a video on Youtube that merely shows some kind of tourist trap set up at the location of the sighting. It seems to have been intended as an advertisement for a "museum" at the site. --Anticipation of a New Lover's Arrival, The 17:19, 12 June 2008 (UTC)

"Well documented"->"purported" in the lead
I've made the following edit to the lead.

Before: The Shag Harbour Incident was the well-documented crash-landing of an unknown large object into Shag Harbour, Nova Scotia in October 1967.

After: The Shag Harbour Incident was the purported crash-landing of an unknown large object into Shag Harbour, Nova Scotia in October 1967.

There is no documentation of recovered remains corresponding to the apparent eyewitness reports of a crash and subsequent sinking in the sea hard by the coast of Nova Scotia. The reports record an object sinking a mere 200-300 metres from the coast, but nothing was ever found. A coastguard vessel that arrived within one hour of the reported sinking found no debris. A Navy search turned up nothing. The eye-witness reports remain unexplained and uncorroborated. --Anticipation of a New Lover's Arrival, The 17:28, 12 June 2008 (UTC)
 * I think probably there's some prose in between that is better suited. If you read the military report, they clearly state that something crashed, yet they could not find any evidence of it aside from some "yellow foam".  The government of Canada was under the clear opinion that a crash of an unidentified object occurred, and they still list the incident as unsolved today.  The whole reason this incident is notable is because the question is "what crashed" not "did anything crash at all" which is the usual case in these situations. We may never know what it was, but I haven't seen a single source disputing that something unidentified crashed therefore the statement "purported" is irrelevant.  Also, the terminology of "crash landing" is incorrect in aviation, and would imply that it was a piloted vehicle that intentionally made an emergency descent into terrain.  I've changed the summary to the following:

 * The Shag Harbour Incident was the documented impact of an unknown large object into Shag Harbour, Nova Scotia in October 1967.

 * All of the above is well sourced throughout the article, and none of which is in dispute. Icemotoboy (talk) 05:00, 24 July 2008 (UTC)

Speculation
I've started to prune raw speculation from the article. I've started by removing the following two paragraphs which appear to be attempts to promote a conspiracy theory:

 * On October 13, there was a brief mention and photo of the unexpected arrival of a large barge at Shelburne, supposedly for repair, carrying an "atomic furnace." This would perhaps provide some weak corroboration of the previously mentioned witness story of a barge being brought in for retrieval at Shelburne, with a cover story being given for its presence there.

 * The story about the barge also appeared on October 12 in the Shelburne Coast Guard, a weekly newspaper. The headline read, "U.S. Barge at Shelburne with Atomic Furnaces." The story claimed that a barge carrying "two huge atomic furnaces" from Philadelphia to Rochester, N.Y., had to put into Shelburne for repairs on October 6 after springing a leak and taking on water.

Well supported evidence of conspiracy would be appropriate for an encyclopedia. Promotion of some speculation written in somebody's book isn't appropriate. --Anticipation of a New Lover's Arrival, The 17:39, 12 June 2008 (UTC)

Condon Report
The Condon Report is pretty vague about specific case details, but I think this is probably the file that relates to the Shag Harbour incident. Can anyone confirm this? It has discrepancies with the current article text. Daß   Wölf 02:05, 21 October 2017 (UTC)

External links modified (January 2018)
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title: Talk:Shag Harbour UFO incident


text:
Michael F. Farley

Michael Francis Farley (March 1, 1863 – October 8, 1921) was an Irish-American businessman and politician who served one term as a U.S. Representative from New York from 1915 to 1917.

Early life and career
Farley was born in Birr, County of Offaly, Ireland on March 1, 1863. He immigrated to the United States in 1881, and lived in Brooklyn and New York City.

Farley became the owner and operator of a tavern on West 22nd Street in New York City, and was later president of the Wine and Liquor Dealers Association of New York County and Manhattan's Central Association of Liquor Dealers.

Tenure in Congress
He was elected to the 64th United States Congress as a Democrat, and served from March 4, 1915 to March 3, 1917. Farley was defeated for reelection in 1916 by Fiorello H. La Guardia.

Gore–McLemore resolution
In Congress Farley was a proponent of the 1916 Gore–McLemore resolution. This resolution followed the German Empire's announcement that it would sink armed enemy merchant ships without warning, and was intended to prevent the United States from being drawn into World War I. As introduced, the Gore–McLemore resolution asked American citizens not to travel on the armed vessels of any belligerent, and asked for the Secretary of State to refuse to issue passports to Americans intending to travel on such ships. President Woodrow Wilson opposed the resolution, arguing that travel restrictions were an infringement on the rights of individual Americans. The resolution was tabled by both the House and Senate.

Death and burial
On October 8, 1921, Farley died as the result of exposure to anthrax contracted from his shaving brush. Upon becoming ill he sought treatment at a hospital and received anti-anthrax serum, but the treatment was unsuccessful. His death publicized the fact that New York public health officials had been waging a campaign to prevent the importation of infected hides and animal hair products. These products, including shaving brushes and toothbrushes, caused 11 deaths in the New York area.

Farley was buried in Calvary Cemetery in Queens, New York.

title: Michael F. Farley


text:
Padfoot

Padfoot may refer to:

 * Black dog (folklore), one of many names for ghostly black dogs reported across the United Kingdom
 * Sirius Black, a fictional character from the Harry Potter universe, who can transform into a black dog

title: Padfoot


text:
File:Japanese talk.PNG

Japanese language for talk, subtitled by the word welcome.

title: File:Japanese talk.PNG


text:
Woodrow Wilson Awards

Woodrow Wilson Awards are given out in multiple countries each year by the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars of the Smithsonian Institution to individuals in both the public sphere and business who have shown an outstanding commitment to President of the United States Woodrow Wilson's dream of integrating politics, scholarship, and policy for the common good. Created in 1999 as a local Award for leadership in Washington, DC, the Awards were expanded in 2001 to recognize great leaders and thinkers throughout the world. Funding from the Awards supports additional research, scholars, and programs in Washington and the home community of the recipients.

Woodrow Wilson Award for Public Service
The Woodrow Wilson Award for Public Service is given to individuals who have served with distinction in public life and have shown a special commitment to seeking out informed opinions and thoughtful views. Recipients of this award share Woodrow Wilson’s steadfast belief in public discourse, scholarship, and the extension of the benefits of knowledge in the United States and around the world. These leaders devote themselves to examining the historical background and long-term implications of important public policy issues while encouraging the free and open exchange of ideas that is the bedrock of our nation’s foundation.

Woodrow Wilson Award for Corporate Citizenship
The Woodrow Wilson Award for Corporate Citizenship is given to executives who demonstrate a commitment to the common good—beyond the bottom line. They are the people who demonstrate that private firms should be good citizens in their own neighborhoods, as well as in the world. The award is given to those who have done tremendous work in improving their local communities and the world at large.

About the Woodrow Wilson Center

The Wilson Center is the living memorial to President Woodrow Wilson, with headquarters in Washington, D.C. The Center was established as part of the Smithsonian in 1968 by an act of the United States Congress. It is a nonpartisan research institution that is committed to fostering research, study, and discussion of national and global affairs. The Center promotes collaboration among a full spectrum of individuals concerned with policy and scholarship in national and world affairs. The mission of the Center is to commemorate the ideals and concerns of President Wilson by providing a link between the world of ideas and the world of policy. Lee H. Hamilton is the president and director of the Wilson Center.

As Part of the Smithsonian Institution
The Woodrow Wilson Center is a research body kim belonging to the Smithsonian Institution. The Smithsonian Institution is an educational and research institute and associated museum complex, administered and funded by the government of the United States and by funds from its endowment, contributions, and profits from its shops and its magazine. Most of its facilities are located in Washington, D.C., but its 19 museums, zoo, mental hospitals and eight research centers include sites in New York City, Virginia, Panama, and elsewhere. It has over 142 million items in its collections. Other research institutions alongside the Woodrow Wilson Center are the Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory and the associated Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian, Carrie Bow Marine Field Station, Center for Folklife and Cultural Heritage, Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Center For Earth and Planetary Studies, Conservation and Research Center, Marine Station at Fort Pierce, Migratory Bird Center, Museum Conservation Institute, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, and Smithsonian Institution Libraries.

Woodrow Wilson Award Recipients
Awardees are chosen by the Wilson Center Board of Trustees in recognition of their work to benefit society. In line with President Wilson's vision, honorees participate in efforts to improve the global community through collaboration and open dialogue. They have made contributions to advance education, peace, health care, culture, legislation, sportsmanship, technology, scholastic research, and leadership.

Woodrow Wilson Awards have gone to a diverse set of professionals, including scientists, politicians, entertainers, diplomats, athletes, business executives, doctors and philanthropists. Among business executives, their industries include health care, hotels, restaurants and energy.

Public Service
The following individuals are among the recipients of the Woodrow Wilson Center award for Public Service:
 * Jacques Attali, economist, writer and humanitarian
 * James A. Baker III, United States Secretary of State
 * Santiago Calatrava, architect
 * Elaine L. Chao, United States Secretary of Labor
 * Gustavo A. Cisneros
 * Hillary Clinton, First Lady of the United States, United States senator, United States Secretary of State
 * William Cohen, United States senator, United States Secretary of Defense
 * Dianne Feinstein, United States senator
 * Betty Ford, First Lady of the United States
 * Frank Gehry, architect
 * John Glenn, astronaut and United States senator
 * John Howard, Prime Minister of Australia
 * Stephen Harper, Prime Minister of Canada
 * A. P. J. Abdul Kalam, 11th President of India
 * Henry Kissinger, National Security Advisor and United States Secretary of State
 * Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, President of Brazil
 * Preston Manning, Canadian politician
 * John McCain, United States senator
 * Daniel Patrick Moynihan, United States senator
 * Brian Mulroney, Prime Minister of Canada
 * Rick Perry, Governor of Texas
 * Janet Napolitano, Governor of Arizona and Secretary of Homeland Security
 * Wayne Newton, entertainer, activist
 * Queen Noor Al Hussein, Queen of Jordan
 * Dolly Parton, entertainer, philanthropist
 * David Petraeus, United States Army general
 * Colin Powell and Alma Powell, United States Army general and United States Secretary of State
 * Penny Pritzker, civil servant
 * Tom Ridge, member of the United States House of Representatives, Governor of Pennsylvania and Secretary of Homeland Security
 * Dilma Rousseff, President of Brazil
 * Ahn Sang-soo, former mayor of Incheon
 * Bud Selig, Commissioner of Baseball
 * Barbara Walters, journalist
 * Andrew Lloyd Webber, composer
 * Ronald Weiser, former Ambassador to Slovakia
 * Pete Wilson, United States senator, and Governor of California
 * Lee Kuan Yew, Prime Minister of Singapore
 * Clemencia Rodallega, Colombian human rights activist

Corporate citizenship
The following individuals are recipients of the Woodrow Wilson Center award for Corporate Citizenship (incomplete list):

 * Miriam and Sheldon Adelson, Las Vegas Sands Corp.
 * Bernard Arnault, LVMH Moët Hennessy Louis Vuitton
 * Craig and Barbara Barrett, Intel
 * Jack O. Bovender, Jr., Hospital Corporation of America
 * Steve and Jean Case, AOL
 * Clarence P. Cazalot, Jr., Marathon Oil
 * Paul Desmarais, Power Corporation du Canada
 * Richard M. DeVos, Alticor
 * Laurence D. Fink, BlackRock
 * Charlie Fischer, Nexen
 * Drew J. Guff, Siguler Guff & Company
 * Niall W. A. FitzGerald, Thomson Reuters
 * Joseph B. Gildenhorn, The JBG Companies
 * Richard F. Haskayne, Canadian Wealth Management
 * Ray L. Hunt, Hunt Oil Company
 * Irwin M. Jacobs, QUALCOMM, Inc.
 * Jeffrey A. Joerres, Manpower Inc.
 * Robert Wood Johnson IV, New York Jets
 * Pete and Ada Lee Correll, Georgia Pacific
 * Frank Lowy AC, Westfield Group
 * Frederic and Marlene Malek, Thayer Capital
 * Andrew J. McKenna, McDonald's
 * Henry McKinnell, Pfizer Inc.
 * Peter Munk, Barrick Gold
 * Yong Nam, LG Electronics
 * Jack Nicklaus, Nicklaus Companies
 * David O'Reilly, Chevron Corporation
 * Peter G. Peterson, Blackstone Group
 * T. Boone Pickens, BP Capital Management
 * William H. Swanson, Raytheon
 * Shoichiro Toyoda, Toyota Motor Corporation
 * John H. Tyson, Tyson Foods
 * Leslie Wexner, Limited Brands, Inc.
 * Lorenzo Zambrano, Cemex
 * Viktor Vekselberg, Renova

Award presentations
Recipients are given the awards at ceremonial dinners in various cities and countries. At each dinner, the Woodrow Wilson Award for Public Service and the Woodrow Wilson Award for Corporate Citizenship are presented. In some places, the Wilson Center will host events where different scholars talk about local policy issues, before the award reception.

News Articles

 * Andrew Lloyd Webber receives Prestigious Award$
 * Vekselberg Wins American Award$
 * Adelsons win prestigious award for philanthropy
 * MLB Commissioner Selig awarded for lifetime work for others$
 * Jack Nicklaus honored in Florida$
 * Ambassador receives prestigious award from the Woodrow Wilson Center$
 * Africans honored with Woodrow Wilson Awards$
 * Peter Preuss and Irwin Jacobs get Wilson Awards in San Diego$
 * O’Malley Receives Woodrow Wilson Award for Public Service$
 * Nicklaus Honored by Woodrow Wilson International Center$
 * John Howard receives America's Woodrow Wilson Award$
 * Manuel, Ackerman honoured with prestigious US award$
 * President Lula receives prestigious Woodrow Wilson Public Service Award$

title: Woodrow Wilson Awards


text: Category:Chinese table tennis players

title: Category:Chinese table tennis players


text:
Macro-Jê languages

Macro-Jê (also spelled Macro-Gê) is a medium-sized language family in South America, mostly in Brazil but also in the Chiquitanía region in Santa Cruz, Bolivia, as well as (formerly) in small parts of Argentina and Paraguay. It is centered on the Jê language family, with most other branches currently being single languages due to recent extinctions.

Families
The Macro-Jê family was first proposed in 1926, and has undergone moderate modifications since then. Kaufman (1990) finds the proposal "probable".

 * Macro-Jê
 * Jê (45,000 speakers)
 * Jeikó
 * Krenák (Botocudo)
 * Krenak (10 speakers)
 * Borôroan
 * Bororo
 * Bororo (1,400 speakers)
 * Umotína
 * Otuke
 * Kamakã
 * Karajá (2,700 speakers)
 * Karirí
 * Maxakalían (2,000 speakers)
 * Ofayé (2 speakers)
 * Purían
 * Rikbaktsá (40 speakers)
 * Yabutian [moribund]

Eduardo Ribeiro of the University of Chicago finds no evidence to classify Fulniô (Yatê) and Guató as Macro-Jê, pace Kaufman, nor Otí, pace Greenberg. Ribeiro does include Chiquitano, pace Rodrigues.

These languages share irregular morphology with the Tupi and Carib families, and Rodrigues (2000) and Ribeiro connect them all as a Je–Tupi–Carib family.

Pache (2018) suggests a distant genetic relationship between Macro-Jê and Chibchan.

Glottolog accepts Jean, Krenak (Aimore), Karaja, Maxakalian, Ofaie, Rikbaktsa, and Yabutian (Jabuti). Lexical parallels with Kamakanan and Purian have yet to be corroborated with reconstructions; the similarities with Purian disappear once Coropo is reclassified as Maxakalian. It notes suggestive grammatical similarities with Bororoan, Kariri, and Chiquitano, of the kind also shared with Tupian and Cariban, but little lexical evidence.

Jolkesky (2016)
Jolkesky (2016) proposes the following internal classification of Macro-Jê:

 * Macro-Jê
 * Borum
 * Ofaye
 * Rikbaktsa
 * Yate
 * Bororo
 * Bororo
 * Otuke
 * Umutina
 * Maxakali
 * Malali
 * Maxakali-Pataxo
 * Maxakali
 * Pataxo
 * Kamakã
 * Masakara
 * Kamakã-Menien
 * Kamakã
 * Menien
 * Kariri
 * Dzubukua
 * Kipea
 * Xoko
 * Macro-Jê, Nuclear
 * Besiro (Chiquitano)
 * Jeoromitxi-Arikapu (Yabutian): Arikapu; Jeoromitxi
 * Karaja: Javae; Karaja; Xambioa
 * Jê
 * Jê, Central
 * Akroa
 * Xakriaba
 * Xavante
 * Xerente
 * Jeiko
 * Jê, Southern
 * Ingain: Ingain ; Kimda
 * Kaingang-Xokleng
 * Kaingang: Kaingang; Kaingang Paulista
 * Xokleng
 * Jê, Northern
 * Apinaje
 * Kayapo: Mẽbengokre; Xikrin
 * Panara
 * Suya-Tapayuna: Suya; Tapayuna
 * Timbira: Apãniekra; Kraho; Krẽje ; Krĩkati; Parkateje; Pykobje; Ramkokamekra

Nikulin (2020)
Nikulin (2020) proposes the following internal classification of Macro-Jê:

 * Macro-Jê
 * Karajá
 * Western
 * Mato Grosso
 * Ofayé
 * Rikbáktsa
 * Jabutí
 * Arikapú
 * Djeoromitxí
 * Eastern
 * ? Jaikó
 * Jê (see)
 * Akuwẽ; Northern Jê, Panará
 * Ingain; Southern Jê
 * Trans–São Francisco
 * Borum
 * Krenák
 * Maxakalí
 * Malalí
 * Nuclear Maxakalí
 * Maxakalí
 * Ritual Maxakalí; Makoní
 * Pataxó; Pataxó-Hãhãhãe
 * Koropó
 * ? Kamakã (possibly part of Trans-São Francisco)
 * Masakará
 * Southern Kamakã
 * Menien
 * Kamakã; Kotoxó/Mongoyó

Nikulin (2020) does not accept the following languages and language families as part of Macro-Jê.

 * Boróro
 * Yaathê (Fulniô)
 * Purí
 * Guató
 * Karirí
 * Otí

However, Nikulin (2020) considers Chiquitano to be a sister of Macro-Jê.

Proto-language
Proto-Macro-Jê is notable for having relatively few consonants and a large vocalic inventory. There are also complex onsets with rhotics, as well as contrastive nasalization for vowels.

Phonological inventory of Proto-Macro-Jê as reconstructed by Nikulin (2020):

 * Consonants: */p, m, w, t, n, r, c, ñ, j, k, ŋ/
 * Complex onsets: */pr, mr, kr, ŋr/
 * Vowels: */a, â, ə, ə̂, y, o, ô, u, e, ê, i, ə̃, ỹ, ũ, ẽ, ĩ/
 * Maximal syllable structure: */CrVC°/, where /°/ = echo vowel

For a list of Proto-Macro-Jê reconstructions by Nikulin (2020), see the corresponding Portuguese article.

Language contact
Many Macro-Jê languages have been in contact with various languages of the Tupí-Guaraní family, which resulted in lexical borrowings. For instance, Ribeiro (2012) finds a number of Apyãwa loanwords in Karajá (such as bèhyra 'carrying basket', kòmỹdawyra 'andu beans', hãrara 'macaw (sp.)', tarawè 'parakeet (sp.)', txakohi 'Txakohi ceremonial mask', hyty 'garbage (Javaé dialect)') as well as several Karajá loans in Apyãwa (tãtã 'banana', tori 'White man', marara 'turtle stew', irãwore 'Irabure ceremonial mask'), Parakanã, and Asuriní of Trocará (sata 'banana', toria 'White man'). Loans from one of the Língua Geral varieties (Língua Geral Paulista or Língua Geral Amazônica) have been found in Karajá (jykyra 'salt', mỹkawa 'firearm', brùrè 'hoe', kòmỹta 'beans', mabèra 'paper (Xambioá dialect)', ĩtajuwa 'money (dated)'), Maxakalí (ãmãnex 'priest', tãyũmak 'money', kãmãnok 'horse', tapayõg 'Black man'), Ritual Maxakalí (kõnõmĩy 'boy', kõyãg 'woman', petup 'tobacco', pakõm 'banana', tapuux 'foreigner', xetukxeka 'potato'), and Krenak (tuŋ 'flea', krai 'non-Indigenous person, foreigner'). Chiquitano has borrowed extensively from an unidentified Tupí-Guaraní variety; one example is Chiquitano takones [takoˈnɛs] 'sugarcane', borrowed from a form close to Paraguayan Guaraní takuare'ẽ 'sugarcane'.

Some Macro-Jê languages from different branches have secondarily contacted with each other, also resulting in lexical loans. Ribeiro (2012), for instance, identifies several Karajá loans in Mẽbêngôkre, especially in the dialect spoken by the Xikrin group. These loans are thought to have entered Mẽbêngôkre from the variety spoken by the Xambioá group of the Karajá people. Examples include warikoko (Kayapó dialect) or watkoko (Xikrin dialect) 'tobacco pipe', rara 'kind of basket', wiwi 'song, chant', bikwa 'relative, friend', bero 'puba flour', borrowed from Karajá werikòkò, lala, wii, bikòwa, bèrò.

Loanwords from Brazilian Portuguese are found in many, if not all, Macro-Jê languages spoken in Brazil. Examples from Maxakalí include kapex 'coffee', komenok 'blanket', kapitõg 'captain', pẽyõg 'beans', mug 'bank', tenemiyam 'TV' (borrowed from Portuguese café, cobertor, capitão, feijão, banco, televisão); in Karajá, Ribeiro (2012) documents the Portuguese loans nieru 'money' and maritò 'suit, jacket' (from dinheiro, paletó), among others.

There is a significant number of loanwords from Chiquitano or from an extinct variety close to Chiquitano in Camba Spanish, including bi 'genipa', masi 'squirrel', peni 'lizard', peta 'turtle, tortoise', jachi 'chicha leftover', jichi 'worm; jichi spirit', among many others.

Jolkesky (2016) notes that there are lexical similarities with Arawakan languages due to contact.

title: Macro-Jê languages


text:
Talk:Punctuality

I have a friend who told me a story
I've now almost completely rewritten this article, with particular emphasis on the queuing/game theory results. I have a friend who told me a story about an mutual acquaintance who was kept in a waiting room for two days waiting for a business meeting with a middle-eastern ruler, but it's far too FOAFy and WP:OR to use here. There is lots more that can be said: for example, excessive earliness can also be impolite, since it may be seen as an implied rebuke to other attendees, or an unwarranted demand on the host's time. But I'll leave that to others. -- Karada 09:31, 11 July 2007 (UTC)

Disambiguation statement
The disambiguation statement at the top needs updating as "In Time" no longer redirects here; it goes straight to the movie article which itself links to a disambiguation page for variations of the term "in time" (one of which is a link to this article). I didn't want to mess up the template coding. 23skidoo (talk) 20:58, 2 July 2024 (UTC)

— Preceding unsigned comment added by 14.194.243.220 (talk) 07:46, 13 September 2015 (UTC)

title: Talk:Punctuality