text:
Nap-of-the-earth

Nap-of-the-earth (NOE) is a type of very low-altitude flight course used by military aircraft to avoid enemy detection and attack in a high-threat environment. Other, mostly older terms include "contour flying", "ground-hugging", "terrain masking", "flying under the radar" and "hedgehopping".

During NOE flight, geographical features are used as cover, exploiting valleys and folds in the terrain by flying in, rather than over, them. This keeps the aircraft below enemy air defence radar coverage, avoiding being silhouetted against the sky.

Purpose
NOE is used to minimize detection by hostile aircraft, airborne early warning and control surveillance and control systems, ground-based radar, or attack targets.

A high-flying aircraft can be detected by defense systems at long range, giving an air defense system time to react, alerting surface-to-air missile and anti-aircraft systems and fighter aircraft. Using NOE flight, the approach may be undetected; the aircraft "pops up" to attack the target and then turns to escape before the enemy can respond. Doppler radar has the potential to detect NOE flight, but the incoming aircraft has to be within radar range in the first place, and low flight minimizes this possibility by using hills and mountains to break the line of sight (terrain masking), defeating terrestrial air defense radar and in rough enough terrain also airborne early warning.

Sensors for NOE
Most NOE flying is done during the day using visual reference by pilots who are experienced in low flying. Data from a radar altimeter or terrain-following radar system is also used, the latter enabling low flying in adverse weather where it would not be possible by visual reference and manual pilot control. At night, a night-vision device may be used.

Helicopter NOE flying
The lowest NOE flying is by helicopters because they have lower speeds and more maneuverability than fixed-wing aircraft, particularly fast jets. Helicopters can fly at treetop levels or even below the height of surrounding trees where there are clear areas (such as in river gullies), flying under wires (such as electricity cables) rather than over them. Attack helicopters can hide behind trees or buildings, "popping up" with minimum exposure, just enough to use their (rotor mast-mounted) radar or other sensors and launch weapons. The required altitude depends on the type of terrain, such as low vegetation or low buildings, tree canopy layer of less than 45 m, presence of tall buildings or concrete pylons with heights of up to 25 m international standard, or emergent tree layer canopy and lattice steel electricity pylons to 100 m being present. In populated areas with tall radio transmission towers, an altitude of 150 m above ground level applies.

Height above ground level
Height above ground level in NOE and low flying generally vary with the aircraft speed, aircraft maneuverability and the ruggedness of the terrain. Helicopters are capable of flying with no more than a few feet of clearance below the helicopter's skids or wheels. Fast jets are more constrained and at a typical low-flying speed of 450 kn, 200 ft is not unusual and 50 ft is possible in relatively flat terrain. Power wires are a danger to all aircraft flying at low level and "wire strikes" are common, such as the 1998 Cavalese cable car crash. Special maps are produced that plot the routes of these wires but these are difficult to keep up-to-date, especially for foreign/enemy countries. Pilots are trained to scan for the pylons or power-poles that support these wires, because they can be seen at a distance where the wires themselves cannot.

title: Nap-of-the-earth


text:
User:Aenertia

Everything you need to know is here: http://aenertia.net

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User:Aenertia


text:
Dean Park

Dean Park may refer to:

See also:
 * Dean Park, New South Wales, Australia, a suburb of the City of Blacktown
 * Dean Park Cricket Ground, a cricket ground in Bournemouth, England
 * A park in Kilmarnock, Scotland

 * Dean's Park, a park in York, England

title: Dean Park


text:
Talk:Luapula River

In Brazil, Terra Networks uses the luapula.terra.com.br server to broadcast the Panico web show every weekday, through the unicast Microsoft Media Services protocol. Quase 10:16, August 21, 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Luapula River


text:
User:Fsiler

http://www.silerfamily.net/~fms/

title: User:Fsiler


text:
User:Fsiler/myskin.css

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text:
User talk:Cecilia Barroso

Ola. Algum babaca anda colocando mensagens deste Inri Cristo nas paginas de usuarios. Eu removi a alteracao q ele fez na sua pagina. Quase 10:18, August 21, 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Cecilia Barroso


text:
User:Leistung

Profile:

 * relatively new to Wikipedia.
 * wish to contribute to the build up of centralised human knowledge.
 * would always like to seek the truth

 * later changed to be User: Wallie

title: User:Leistung


text:
Dharruk

Dharruk may refer to:
 * Dharruk people, an Australian Aboriginal tribe
 * Dharruk language, their language
 * Dharruk, New South Wales, a suburb of Blacktown named after the tribe

title: Dharruk


text:
Dharruk, New South Wales

Dharruk is a suburb of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. It is located 46 kilometres west of the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of the City of Blacktown and is part of the Greater Western Sydney region.

Dharruk is chiefly a residential suburb with almost no industry or commercial activity. The only other significant activity is education, with the Mount Druitt campus of Chifley College and Dawson Public School located in the suburb. The boundaries of Dharruk are defined by Carlisle Avenue to the east, Popondetta Road to the west, Jersey Road to the north and Woodstock Avenue to the south.

History
Dharruk is derived from the name of the Darug people, an Aboriginal tribe associated with the area west of Sydney.

Population
According to the 2016 census of Population, there were 2,774 people in Dharruk.
 * Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people made up 5.1% of the population.
 * 61.5% of people were born in Australia. The next most common country of birth was New Zealand at 3.9%.
 * 60.1% of people only spoke English at home. Other languages spoken at home included Arabic 7.6% and Samoan 3.9%.
 * The most common responses for religion were Catholic 28.1%, No Religion 17.1%, Anglican 13.5% and Islam 10.3%.

Housing
Housing in Dharruk is almost entirely low density in nature and is a mixture of private residential development and former NSW Housing Commission estate; most homes in the suburb were built between the late 1960s and the mid-1970s. The Housing Commission properties were erected in the north eastern portion of the suburb (in the vicinity of Dawson Public School); however, the majority of housing in Dharruk consists of slightly newer homes built by private residential development companies in the 1970s. As elsewhere in NSW, many of the former Housing Commission properties have been transferred to private ownership. The 2016 Australian census indicated that 30% of occupied private dwellings in Dharruk were rented while approximately 65% were owned outright or in conjunction with a mortgage.

Commercial area
While there are limited commercial and retail outlets within Dharruk, the suburbs of Emerton, Plumpton, and Mount Druitt are all in very close proximity and offer access to a wide range of supermarkets, banks, and department stores.

Schools
Chifley College's Mount Druitt campus is located within Dharruk. Formerly Mount Druitt High School (established 1969), it is named for Ben Chifley, Australian Prime Minister of Australia from 1945 to 1949. Nearby is Dawson Public School (established 1972).

title: Dharruk, New South Wales


text:
Miri Division

Miri Division is one of the twelve administrative divisions of Sarawak, Malaysia.

Geography
It has a total area of 26,777.1 square kilometres, and is the second largest division after Kapit Division. The seat of this division is the city of Miri.

Miri Division consists of two districts: Miri and Marudi.

Of the 21 seismic events that happened in Sarawak from 1874 to 2011, the majority of them occurred between Niah and Selangau regions, which corresponds to Miri and Bintulu Divisions with Modified Mercalli intensity scale (MMI) of 3.5 to 5.3 magnitude.

Population
The population of Miri Division (year 2000 census) was 316,400. Ethnically, the population was Iban, Chinese, Malay (mostly Bruneian and Kedayan), Melanau, Kayan, Kenyah, Lun Bawang and Kelabit. Due to the petroleum industry, there is also a large foreign worker population.

Economy
The economy is largely based on petroleum and natural gas extraction from both onshore and offshore wells, and related petroleum refining, liquefied natural gas and chemical production. Another major industry is timber processing from Miri's huge tropical rainforest. Processed wood products, rather than log export has been given priority by the government. Agriculture is includes oil palm, rubber, and pepper as the main products. Tourism, particularly ecotourism, is a growing component of the economy.

Protected areas

 * Gunung Mulu National Park
 * Loagan Bunut National Park
 * Miri-Sibuti Coral Reef National Park
 * Niah National Park
 * Pulong Tau National Park
 * Usun Apau National Park

Education

 * Curtin University
 * IPG Kampus Miri

title: Miri Division


text:
Ephraim Ellis

Ephraim Todd Ellis (born February 23, 1985) is a Canadian actor. He is best known for playing Rick Murray on Degrassi: The Next Generation and Danny Ellis on Falcon Beach.

Early life
Ephraim Ellis was born in Toronto, Ontario on February 23, 1985. His mother is an artist and jeweler, while his father is a visual artist and former stage manager for The Second City in Toronto.

Ephraim began acting while studying at Earl Haig Secondary School in Toronto, Ontario as part of the Claude Watson School of the Arts program. Ephraim attended Earl Haig at the same time as fellow Degrassi co-stars Jake Epstein and John Bregar.

Career
Ephraim Ellis' first television role was an eight episode arc during seasons three and four of Degrassi: The Next Generation. He played Rick Murray, the character who famously shot and paralyzed Jimmy Brooks, the character played by Aubrey 'Drake' Graham.

After appearing on Degrassi, Ephraim appeared on such varied television shows such as Naturally Sadie, Wild Card, and Sue Thomas, F.B.Eye before landing the series lead role of Danny Ellis in the Global Television / ABC Family drama series ''Falcon Beach. Falcon Beach'' ran for two seasons until 2006, when it was cancelled as a result of ABC Family's decision to decline bringing the series back for a third season.

Concurrently with Falcon Beach, Ephraim also appeared as Riley Kineston in seasons two and three of the YTV sci-fi series Zixx, as Dylan in seasons four and five of the APTN series renegadepress.com, and in the Canadian Film Centre's short feature White Out, which premiered at the Toronto International Film Festival.

Soon afterwards, Ephraim played the role of Eli Keller on the YTV sitcom Family Biz which filmed in Ottawa during the summer of 2008.

In 2009, Ephraim appeared in the Canadian Film Center horror/comedy web-series Seth On Survival as the title character, supernatural survivologist Seth Greening. In 2011, the series spawned a spin-off web-series, Your Lupine Life, where Ephraim reprised the role of Seth, as well as writing the episode in which he appeared. As a tie-in to the two web-series, Ephraim also wrote and published a book, Archie Hartigan & The Frost Wolf, a young adult fiction novel set in the same universe as Seth On Survival and Your Lupine Life.

Ephraim appeared in several episodes of season four of Murdoch Mysteries, as Toronto Gazette reporter Paddy Glynn.

From 2011 to 2016, Ephraim was a member of the Toronto sketch comedy troupe The Rocket Scientists alongside Brandon Hackett, Kevin MacNeil, and Chris Small.

Ephraim appeared alongside Minnie Driver and Meat Loaf in the 2014 horror/musical/comedy film Stage Fright. Later that year, Ephraim took on the role of Hedwig in the Lower Ossington Theatre's production of Hedwig & the Angry Inch, in a performance Toronto's Now Magazine said "achieves emotional depth, telling stories of love and betrayal, revealing a poignant loneliness beneath the makeup, sparkly costumes and iconic blond wig," and that "Ellis has the manic energy and singing chops to deliver in this difficult role." Ephraim later returned to the Lower Ossington for Legally Blonde and two productions of Jesus Christ Superstar.

Ephraim continued to make forays into the world of Ontario theatre in productions of Perfect Wedding at the Lighthouse Festival Theatre in Port Dover, Barefoot In The Park at Upper Canada Playhouse, and The Money Tree for Toronto's Roseneath Theatre for Young Audiences.

In 2018, Ephraim reunited with his Degrassi co-stars to appear in the music video for Drake's single "I'm Upset", reprising his role as Rick Murray.

Personal life
Ephraim lives in Toronto, Ontario with his wife (a stage manager), and their cat.

title: Ephraim Ellis


text:
User:OfficerDribble

1st official edit !!! WooHoo

title: User:OfficerDribble


text:
W. Kaye Lamb

William Kaye Lamb (May 11, 1904 – August 24, 1999) was a Canadian historian, archivist, librarian, and civil servant.

Career
Born in New Westminster, British Columbia, Lamb received his BA in 1927 and MA in 1930 from the University of British Columbia. He completed his PhD at the London School of Economics in 1933, under the tutelage of Harold Laski. From 1936 to 1937, he was President of the British Columbia Historical Federation. From 1934 to 1940, he was the Provincial Archivist and Librarian of British Columbia. In 1936, he was also appointed Superintendent of the BC Public Libraries Commission. From 1940 to 1948, he was the University Librarian of the University of British Columbia. From 1948 to 1968 he was the Dominion Archivist of Canada, and from 1953 to 1968 he was the first National Librarian of Canada.

In 1949, he was elected a fellow of the Royal Society of Canada and was its president from 1965 to 1966. In 1969, he was made an Officer of the Order of Canada. Between 1964–1965 he served as president of the Society of American Archivists.

Lamb specialized in the early history of British Columbia. He edited and wrote a number of scholarly books relating to explorers of Western Canada, including George Vancouver, Daniel Williams Harmon, and Sir Alexander MacKenzie, as well as a volume on the history of the Canadian Pacific Railway.

Personal life
In 1939, he married Wessie Tipping, and they had a daughter, Elizabeth (Lamb) Hawkins.

title: W. Kaye Lamb


text:
Pacific Rim Championship

The 2004 Pacific Rim Championship and the 2004 Pacific Cup was the 9th Pacific Cup, a rugby league tournament held between Pacific teams. The tournament was hosted in Auckland and for the first time split into two competitions; The Pacific Rim Championship between national teams and the Pacific Cup between Auckland-based selections. In the final of the Pacific Rim competition the Cook Islands defeated New Zealand Māori 46-6 while Samoa XIII defeated Tonga XIII 52–18 to win the Pacific Cup.

Background
The tournament, organised by both the New Zealand Rugby League and Pacific Island Rugby League Association (PIRLA), was a revival of the Pacific Cup which had not been held since 1997 due to the Super League war. The aim of the Pacific Rim Championship was to promote awareness of the game in the region with a view to re-establishing international fixtures and full contact with the main nations Australia, Great Britain and New Zealand in the near future.

The teams that participated in the 2004 Pacific Rim competition were: Tonga, Fiji, New Zealand Māori, Niue, Samoa and the Cook Islands. The Pacific Cup included Auckland Māori, New Caledonia, Samoa XIII, Tonga XIII and two other teams.

The official opening was held as part of the pre-match programme for the Tri-Nations test match between Australia and the New Zealand Kiwis on 16 October. A colourful parade of flags representing the participating countries was led into the stadium in front of about 20,000 spectators before kick-off.

Matches were played at Waitemata Stadium, Ericsson Stadium and North Harbour Stadium.

Squads
The Pacific Rim competition featured international and New Zealand based players while the Pacific Cup squads were limited to Auckland-based players with the exception of New Caledonia who sent a development squad.

New Zealand Māori
New Zealand Māori were coached by Tawera Nikau who was assisted by Terry Hermansson.

Fiji
The Fijian squad was composed mainly of locally based players.

title: Pacific Rim Championship


text:
User talk:80.42.218.215

Please don't replace articles with blank space. If you have an issue with the article Adam Thomas Lyon, please feel free to discuss it at Votes for deletion/Adam Thomas Lyon. Fernando Rizo T/C 10:27, 21 August 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:80.42.218.215


text:
Seleucus (Roman usurper)

Seleucus (fl. c. 221) was a Roman usurper.

Seleucus was, according to the 5th-century historian Polemius Silvius, a usurper against Emperor Elagabalus. His identity is not known: he could be Julius Antonius Seleucus, governor in Moesia, or Marcus Flavius Vitellius Seleucus, consul for 221.

title: Seleucus (Roman usurper)


text:
Ropin' the Wind

Ropin' the Wind is the third studio album by the American country music artist Garth Brooks. It was released on September 2, 1991, and was his first studio album to debut at No. 1 the Billboard 200 chart and the Top Country Albums chart. It was the first album by a country singer to top both of these charts since Kenny Rogers just over a decade earlier. It had four runs at No. 1 between September 28, 1991, and April 3, 1992, spending a combined 18 weeks at the top, eventually being certified 14× Platinum by the RIAA in 1998. In the UK, it reached the Top 50 pop albums list and went to No. 1 for several months on the country charts. It is the last studio album on Capitol Records Nashville until the 1995 album Fresh Horses.

The track "Shameless" is a cover version of a Billy Joel song recorded on his 1989 album Storm Front.

According to the music review website Allmusic, Ropin' the Wind was the first country album to debut at No. 1 on the Billboard 200.

Background
Brooks commented on the album saying: "Ropin' the Wind was what we called the son of Fences. Ropin' the Wind was made in this kind of tour that we were on from No Fences. We were gone, pretty much 250 days out of the year. And in that remaining 100 days, I elected to cut Ropin' The Wind, and try to write for it. This album became a lot bigger than I ever thought it could possibly be. And when I listen to the singles off of it like 'Rodeo', 'What She's Doing Now', 'The River', 'Papa Loved Mama', and 'Shameless', I look at it and stand very proud. And then when I also look at the cuts, 'Against The Grain', 'Cold Shoulder', these songs I am equally proud of."

Reception
Ropin' the Wind debuted at No. 1 on the U.S. Billboard 200, becoming his first, and No. 1 on the Top Country Albums number-one album selling 400,000 copies, becoming his second No. 1 country album. In September 1998, Ropin' the Wind was certified 14 x platinum by the RIAA.

Personnel

 * Garth Brooks – lead and backing vocals, acoustic guitar
 * Susan Ashton – backing vocals
 * Bruce Bouton – lap and pedal steel guitars, Dobro
 * Sam Bush – mandolin
 * Mark Casstevens – acoustic guitar
 * Mike Chapman – bass guitar
 * Charles Cochran – string arrangements
 * Larry Cordle – backing vocals
 * Jerry Douglas – Dobro
 * Carl Jackson – backing vocals
 * Chris Leuzinger – electric guitar
 * Rob Hajacos – fiddle
 * Kenny Malone - percussion
 * Edgar Meyer – acoustic bass
 * Milton Sledge – drums, percussion
 * Bobby Wood – keyboards
 * Trisha Yearwood – backing vocals
 * Nashville String Machine – string orchestra

title: Ropin' the Wind


text:
Dave Bowen

David Lloyd Bowen (7 June 1928 – 25 September 1995) was a Welsh football player and manager, who captained his country to their first ever World Cup finals, in 1958.

Playing career
Born in Maesteg, Bowen first played for Northampton Town. He had only played 12 times for Northampton before catching the eye of Pat Whittaker, son of Arsenal manager Tom Whittaker. He was duly signed by Arsenal in the summer of 1950 as an understudy to Joe Mercer at wing half. He made his debut against Wolves on 24 March 1951, but only made a handful of appearances between 1951 and 1954, when Mercer finally retired due to injury. Arsenal won the old First Division in 1952–53 but he only made two league appearances all season. In 1954–55 Bowen became a regular in the Arsenal side, and would continue to be for the rest of the decade.

In the meantime, Bowen had also made his debut for Wales, in a friendly against Yugoslavia in September 1954. Bowen went on to win 19 caps for Wales, and was the team's captain for their 1958 FIFA World Cup campaign; Wales drew all three of their group matches and qualified for the quarter-finals, where they were beaten 1–0 by Brazil, the goalscorer being a 17-year-old Pelé. Along with goalkeeper Jack Kelsey, Bowen was the first Arsenal player to play in a World Cup.

Bowen's spell at Arsenal coincided with a lack of success at the club, so he did not win any major domestic honours. However, he did play for a London XI in the 1955–58 final of the Inter-Cities Fairs Cup (forerunner of the UEFA Cup), losing 8–2 on aggregate to FC Barcelona, and was Arsenal captain in his final two seasons. In all he played 162 matches for the club, scoring twice.

Managerial career
In 1959, Bowen returned to Northampton Town as player-manager. Bowen would manage the Cobblers for eight years, and became known as a canny manager who signed quality players despite a tight budget. He steered Northampton from the Fourth Division to the First in just five seasons. However, the club spent only one season (1965–66) at the top, before being relegated.

Bowen left Northampton in 1967, after a second successive relegation, though he rejoined the club for a second stint as manager between 1969 and 1972, by which time they had returned to the Fourth Division. He was in charge during the club's famous 8–2 FA Cup defeat at the hands of Manchester United in 1970, in which George Best scored six times.

In the meantime, he had also been manager of Wales between 1964 and 1974, although the side never did reach the heights it had when he was a player. Wales however did gain a 1–1 draw away to England in the 1974 World Cup qualifiers. Bowen continued to stay with Northampton, serving as general manager, secretary and finally as a club director before retiring. He also had a sideline in journalism and bookmaking during his managerial career and was a summariser for ITV alongside commentator Hugh Johns for their coverage of the 1966 World Cup final.

Personal life
He died in Northampton in 1995, at the age of 67. The North Stand of Northampton's Sixfields Stadium is named in his honour, as is a residential street in Duston. His son Keith also became a footballer.

title: Dave Bowen


text:
Talk:Hokah, Minnesota

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Arena Motorsport

Arena International Motorsport was a British motor racing team founded by Mike Earle. Earle originally ran the Onyx Formula One team from the same base in Littlehampton, before selling the team. At the end of 2012 the team's new owners, Capsicum Racing Limited, placed the company into CVA.

Earle also created 3001 International and Grand Prix Design, which later morphed into Arena International Motorsport. The team made their racing debut in the British Touring Car Championship in 1999, where they ran for many years before moving to become a factory-supported Zytek sports car team in the Le Mans Series in 2007. They returned to the BTCC running the Team Aon operation, until switching to the World Touring Car Championship for the 2012 season.

Renault Laguna (1999)
Arena's first season saw the team running a year-old Renault Laguna for Russell Spence, who was later replaced by Will Hoy. The team then disappeared from the series.

Honda and Team Honda (2001–2005)
In 2001 Arena approached Honda about running a Civic on an independent basis. However, Honda chose to give the team full manufacturer backing for the 2002 season, with Alan Morrison and Andy Priaulx driving. There was some initial success, and in 2003 newcomer Matt Neal finished third in the standings for them, in what was Arena's best year in the BTCC with six wins and finishing second in the Teams' and Manufacturers' Championships. However Honda chose to reduce their support, leaving Arena running a single car for Tom Chilton in 2004 and claim two wins. Honda's support was gone altogether in 2005 but despite missing the opening and closing meetings of the year Chilton went on to take four wins in the campaign before they decided to sell off their Civic to Fast-Tec Motorsport, although Arena provided some assistance with setting up the car. Arena then moved on to a full-time sports car team.

Team Aon Ford Focus (2009–2011)
On 25 November 2008, Arena Motorsport announced it would be running a pair of Ford Focus STs for the 2009 season. The team's lead driver was Tom Chilton along with Alan Morrison also returning, running under the Team Aon banner (Aon Corporation being their primary sponsor). Morrison left the team during the season and was replaced in certain rounds by Tom Onslow-Cole. The team struggled with the car at the beginning of the season, but were on the pace at the end of the year. For 2010, the cars will run under LPG-power from Calor, with Chilton and Onslow-Cole continuing as drivers. They saw a massive leap in performance. Winning 7 races & securing 4th & 5th in the drivers championship & 2nd in the teams championship.

 * D.C. = Drivers' Championship position, T.C. = Teams' Championship position.

WTCC
The team switched to the World Touring Car Championship for 2012, with Tom Chilton and James Nash driving. The season was unsuccessful, with the car struggling for pace during the majority of the season.

This season would turn out to be the team's last, as during the final weeks of 2012, the team was formally closed.

Sports car racing
In 2001, Arena ran the Gulf branded Audi R8 in the European Le Mans Series and at Le Mans for Johansson Racing. The drivers Stefan Johansson, Patrick Lemarié and Tom Coronel were unsuccessful at Le Mans but the team did win the European Le Mans Series championship that year.

In 2003, Arena chose to enter sports car racing, being chosen to represent Audi Sport UK. The team would run an Audi R8 at the 12 Hours of Sebring and 24 Hours of Le Mans. A driving team of Mika Salo, Jonny Kane, and Perry McCarthy were able to take sixth place at Sebring, but the team's fortune at Le Mans turned sour as Frank Biela mistakenly missed his pit stop and ran out of fuel early in the race.

For 2004, Arena initially planned to run a privateer Dome prototype at Le Mans, but the plan did not come together and their entry was withdrawn. A second attempt in 2005 with a new Zytek also did not occur. Finally, in 2007, Arena was able to purchase a Zytek 07S, with plans to enter the full Le Mans Series season as the factory squad in LMP1 with Tom Chilton and Hayanari Shimoda.

Arena's 2007 effort would suffer mechanical setbacks early, with the team struggling to finish races due to throttle cable linkage failures. The team was also forced to withdraw from Le Mans when a heavy accident during testing damage the car so badly that repairs could not be completed in the two weeks prior to the race. Arena was however able to finish in eighth place at the Nürburgring, earning them their first points of the season.

 * T.C. = Teams' Championship position.

Formulas
In 2006–07, Arena joined the young A1 Grand Prix series managing both A1 Team India and A1 Team Greece but this last one didn't race all season.

Arena were involved in 2007 in British Formula 3 Championship with Max Chilton without success.

 * D.C. = Drivers' Championship position, T.C. = Teams' Championship position.

title: Arena Motorsport


text:
Baeyer–Drewsen indigo synthesis

The Baeyer–Drewsen indigo synthesis (1882) is an organic reaction in which indigo is prepared from 2-nitrobenzaldehyde and acetone The  reaction  was  developed  by  von  Baeyer  and Viggo Drewsen in  1880  to  produce  the  first  synthetic indigo at laboratory scale. This procedure is not used at industrial scale.

The reaction is classified as an aldol condensation. As a practical route to indigo, this method was displaced by routes from aniline.

Note
In the English literature this reaction is sometimes called Baeyer–Drews o n reaction, although the author of the original paper was spelled Drews e n.

title: Baeyer–Drewsen indigo synthesis


text:
User:James26

A few of the many articles I've had fun contributing to.

Books or book-related

 * Urban fantasy
 * Eretria (Shannara)
 * Carrie Jones AFC-Logo.png
 * Dark Guardian AFC-Logo.png
 * Need (novel series) AFC-Logo.png
 * Private (novel series) AFC-Logo.png
 * Paranormalcy AFC-Logo.png
 * Angelfire (novel series) AFC-Logo.png
 * Dead Beautiful AFC-Logo.png
 * Unearthly AFC-Logo.png
 * Kelly Gay AFC-Logo.png
 * Charlie Madigan series AFC-Logo.png
 * Throne of Glass AFC-Logo.png
 * Blair Waldorf

Sports

 * Roger Federer
 * Jeļena Ostapenko
 * Petra Kvitová
 * Bianca Andreescu
 * American football
 * Frankie Edgar vs. Gray Maynard AFC-Logo.png
 * Miesha Tate vs. Ronda Rousey AFC-Logo.png
 * Miesha Tate

Television

 * Rory Gilmore and Paris Geller AFC-Logo.png
 * Beverly Hills, 90210 franchise AFC-Logo.png

title: User:James26


text:
Talk:Eastern Creek, New South Wales

Untitled
Moved from the article to be cleaned up: Ianblair23 10:32, 21 August 2005 (UTC)
 * ORIGIN: The Dharug name for Eastern Creek is rendered variously in English as Warrawarry, Wawirrawarry, Warawara & Waawaar Awaa. HISTORY: On 15/4/1791 a party consisting of Governor Phillip, Captains Collins & Tench, Lieutenant Dawes, Surgeon White, 2 sergeants, 8 privates or marines, Collins's personal servant, two Aborigines and 3 convicts left their camp on the south bank of the Hawkesbury River near present Windsor and continued travelling overland toward Richmond Hill (North Richmond), which had been first sighted by Phillip & Hunter in 6/1789, with the objective of exploring the mountain country beyond. Unfortunately Phillip, thrown by the twists of the Hawkesbury River, calculated Richmond Hill to be some kilometres downstream from its true location. They followed Aboriginal tracks along the banks of the Hawkesbury but encountered a wide stream flowing into the river from the south (now South Creek). It was too wide and deep to cross, so they followed it upstream to a shallower point but soon found another stream entering it from their left (McKenzies Ck). They forded this stream and continued along the south creek for some kilometres until stopped by another stream entering from the east (now Eastern Creek). They crossed here and noted that the south creek was now able to be crossed as well. By this point their objective was far away and on the other side of the Hawkesbury River and the party was dispirited. After camping the night and having breakfast on the bank of the east creek they decided to return directly to Rose Hill (Parramatta). The following month Tench and Dawes led a party of just 4 from Parramatta and avoided the mistakes of Phillip's expedition. From Parramatta they picked up their 'breakfast creek' and followed it to its junction with the east creek, continuing to the Hawkesbury by following the south creek. At the Hawkesbury they were only about 3km from Richmond Hill. They were stopped by 'mountainous country' (probably Kurrajong Heights) after climbing from the Hill. From this account it is easy to see how South Creek, Eastern Creek and Breakfast Creek got their names, although during the first half of the 19th century there was debate over which branch was actually Breakfast or Eastern Creek.

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User talk:Cleisthenes

Please do not replace Wikipedia pages with blank content. Blank pages are harmful to Wikipedia because they have a tendency to confuse readers. If it is a duplicate article, please redirect it to an appropriate existing page. If the page has been vandalised, please revert it to the last legitimate version. If you feel that the content of a page is inappropriate, please edit the page and replace it with appropriate content. If you believe there is no hope for the page, please see the deletion policy for how to proceed. Thanks for contributing to Wikipedia! Fernando Rizo T/C 10:31, 21 August 2005 (UTC)

- Greetings fellow Wikipedian

If you wish to write an article about a given subject you should as a rule simply write the article. If the wiki community later deems the article unworthy of inclusion in wikipediea it will then be deleted after (democratic) discussions on the subject.

Concerning your question regarding Roman-China Relations I see no reason why such an article should not be welcomed. Although another title would perhaps be appropriate for easier search? Please do not write articles containing questions of this nature as articles in general should contain encyclopedic content and not discussions about it. Instead, use the Talk:China page (or any other China related Talk: page) for this purpose. Celcius 10:53, 21 August 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Cleisthenes


text:
Canary grass

Canary grass is a plant, Phalaris canariensis, belonging to the family Poaceae. Originally a native of the Mediterranean region, it is now grown commercially in several parts of the world for birdseed.

Description
Phalaris canariensis resembles Phalaris arundinacea (reed canary grass), a perennial forage crop and a wild grass. Although heads of both crops are panicles, Phalaris canariensis heads resemble club wheat. This large, coarse grass has erect, hairless stems, usually from 2 to 6 ft tall. The ligule is prominent and membranous, 1/4 in long and rounded at the apex. The gradually tapering leaf blades are 3+1/2 to 10 in long, 1/4 to 3/4 in wide, flat, and often harsh on both surfaces. The compact panicles are erect or sometimes slightly spreading and range from 3 to 16 in long with branches 1/2 to 1+1/2 in long. Single flowers occur in dense clusters in May to mid-June or August. Inflorescences are green or slightly purple at first, then become tan.

Seeds
The seeds are shiny brown. The seed is used as bird food and is generally mixed with rapeseed and other seeds that cheapen it. It should be kept in a dry place and away from vermin. Industrially, a flour made from seed is employed in the manufacture of fine cotton goods and silk stuffs.

In the Canary Islands, Italy and North Africa, Phalaris canariensis is used as food. In certain parts of Mexico, such as Valle de Bravo, it is prepared and sold by street food vendors as a much appreciated form of atole. However, the seed hulls appear to contain silica fibers, which are linked to esophageal cancer. In 2013, a new hull-less or glabrous variety was announced as a gluten-free food for humans.

title: Canary grass


text:
User:Zbc

Zorgon-B Cyrius

title: User:Zbc


text:
Commissioner of Police (Singapore)

The Commissioner of Police is the head of the Singapore Police Force (SPF). The Commissioner is assisted by the Deputy Commissioner of Police, and reports to the Minister for Home Affairs. The current Commissioner of Police is Hoong Wee Teck.

The position was created with the Police Act of 1856 (and passed in 1857), in response to calls for a full-time dedicated police officer to helm the police force in response to escalating cases of violent crime in Singapore during that period. Thomas Dunman was appointed as a Deputy Magistrate and Superintendent of Police in 1843, before he assumed responsibilities as the first full-time Commissioner of Police in June 1857.

When Singapore, Malacca and Penang became Crown colonies of the British Empire in 1867, the role of the police commissioner was expanded to include that of the entire Straits Settlements, with the title changed to Inspector-General of Police. This lasted until the Japanese occupation of Singapore in 1942, before the position was restored as the Commissioner of Police in 1946 with the return of the British and the gradual instatement of self-governance.

The President of Singapore has the power to appoint the Commissioner of Police on the advice of the Cabinet.

title: Commissioner of Police (Singapore)


text:
Wikipedia:WikiProject User scripts/Scripts/New message history

;Usage : Include a call to  in your load page function.
 * Purpose : Add a link to your talk page history to the "You have new messages" warning.
 * Bugs : Will probably break any function called after it, so it should be called last.

//

/**** WARNING: THIS SCRIPT IS CURRENTLY UNSTABLE AND WILL KILL OTHER FUNCTIONS. ****/ /**** NO WARRANTY IS PROVIDED OR IMPLIED. ***/

// newmessagehistory addOnloadHook(function {    var divs = document.getElementsByTagName('div');    var talkmessagebox;    for(var x = 0; x < divs.length; ++x)    {        if(divs[x].className.indexOf('usermessage') != -1)        {            talkmessagebox = divs[x];            x = divs.length; // force break        }    }    var newmessagelink = talkmessagebox.getElementsByTagName('a')[0];    var historylink = document.createElement('a');    historylink.href = newmessagelink.href.replace(/\/wiki\//, '/w/index.php?title=') + '&action=history';    historylink.className = 'external text';    historylink.appendChild(document.createTextNode('changes'));    var talkmessagetext = 'You have ';    talkmessagebox.innerHTML = talkmessagetext;    talkmessagebox.appendChild(newmessagelink);    talkmessagebox.appendChild(document.createTextNode(' (')); talkmessagebox.appendChild(historylink); talkmessagebox.appendChild(document.createTextNode(')')); });

//


text:
Mike Lobel

Michael Ryan Lobel (born March 7, 1984) is a Canadian editor, director, actor and musician. He is best known for playing the role of Jay Hogart in the teen drama Degrassi: The Next Generation as well as his work as picture editor of the HBO Max series Detention Adventure.

Early life
Lobel was born to parents of Polish and Ashkenazi Jewish descent in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, where he also spent his early years. Lobel is the oldest of two siblings from the same parents. He has an older half-brother; they share the same father.

At a young age he began showing interest in music and visual arts which drew him to Etobicoke School of the Arts. He attended ESA from 1998 to 2003, first majoring in music (he studied percussion) then later switching to drama. While there, he formed several musical groups, including Civilian and the indie rock band Boys Who Say No. It was in his graduating year at ESA that he began working as an actor.

Career
In 2003, Lobel made his film debut in an adaptation of Oliver Twist directed by Jacob Tierney entitled Twist, in which he played a small role as a street thug alongside actor Nick Stahl.

Lobel's most notable performance to date is his portrayal of Jay Hogart, a manipulative school bully on Degrassi: The Next Generation from 2003 to 2010. He maintains that he is nothing like his character in real life. Lobel originally auditioned for the role of Dylan Michalchuk, a complete opposite role of his current, but was instead offered the role of Jay.

In 2009, Lobel starred in Suck as Sam, the drummer of a touring rock & roll band besieged by vampires. He starred alongside rock & roll legends Alice Cooper, Henry Rollins and Iggy Pop. He has also appeared on television in Zixx: Level One and Sue Thomas F.B.Eye and has had starring roles in movies Selling Innocence, Booky Makes Her Mark and Degrassi Goes Hollywood. He made a guest appearance on a television series in 2007, The Best Years.

From 2011 to 2013, he played the role of DJ on the sitcom Really Me. In 2015, he played the small role of Marc in the Canadian TV movie The Music in Me.

In addition to acting, Lobel co-founded the indie pop band Future Peers in 2014 and has toured with the group across Canada, America, and Europe, playing the synth. The band broke up in 2019.

In 2016 Lobel began working as a picture editor, which led to his involvement in the production of HBO Max's Detention Adventure as an editor and director. Mike has also been an editor and director of several music videos and documentaries.

Lobel’s work on Detention Adventure earned him a Canadian Screen Award nomination in 2023.

Personal life
Mike Lobel married Canadian actress and writer Mika Collins in September 2022.

Other Credits

 * The Nincompoops (Short) (2011) (composer)
 * Distilled Love (Short) (2011) (composer)
 * Frigid (Short) (2016) (composer)
 * Must Kill Karl (Short) (2017) (composer)
 * Detention Adventure (2022) (post production supervisor)
 * Orphan Black: Echoes (2023) (trainee assistant editor)(post-production)

title: Mike Lobel


text:
Wikipedia:Featured list candidates/List of recognised political parties in India/archive1

List of recognised political parties in India
-- Self nom. Took me almost a whole week to do this. =Nichalp  «Talk»=  10:38, August 21, 2005 (UTC)
 * Support. Looks pretty good and interesting. Has all the info so nobody can clamour about expanding it.--May the Force be with you! Shreshth91  ($ |-| r 3 $ |-| t |-|)  10:57, 21 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Nice. Support. Phoenix2 17:31, August 21, 2005 (UTC)
 * Good work, Nichalp. Support. -- Sundar \talk \contribs 04:10, August 22, 2005 (UTC)
 * Support Beautiful list --Sophitus 06:58, August 22, 2005 (UTC)
 * Support, of course. OpenToppedBus - Talk to the driver 15:47, August 22, 2005 (UTC)
 * Support - two question: all of the symbols are monochrome, apart from three national parties: do they have some sort of of dispensation? Secondly, many of the images look a bit pixelly (i.e. the resolution is not great); the ones in this pdf seem to have a much better resolution - can the existimg images be replaced with better images? -- ALoan (Talk) 17:28, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Thanks for pointing out. The coloured ones are apparently from their election manifestoes or something. They're not the standard ones. For example, the congress party symbol is depicted along with its flag, which is not as it appears on the ballot paper. Can someone take the correct images from the above linked pdf? -- Sundar \talk \contribs 17:45, August 23, 2005 (UTC)
 * Good find ALoan. I must be getting blind. :) I found a way to extract those images. Will upload later. Thanks =Nichalp   «Talk»=  18:28, August 23, 2005 (UTC)
 * Nichalp, Adobe Acrobat 7.0 lets you save all embedded images as separate files, I think. -- Sundar \talk \contribs 18:30, August 23, 2005 (UTC)
 * The snapshot tool allows you to crop a portion. That's the only thing mentioned in the help. I's not a problem, I'll manage. =Nichalp   «Talk»=  18:39, August 23, 2005 (UTC)
 * Update: all images replaced. =Nichalp   «Talk»=  12:46, August 30, 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment. I think it would be better if the entries in the table would be located in the center of each cell. CG 21:02, August 23, 2005 (UTC)
 * Er, it makes it look untidy. =Nichalp   «Talk»=  17:54, August 24, 2005 (UTC)
 * Support - I look foward to the time when you do the same to List of political parties in India ;o) CheekyMonkey 13:05, 25 August 2005 (UTC)
 * I don't think I'll have the energy to do all 700 odd. Getting info on its chiefs and the year it was founded was strenous enough.  =Nichalp   «Talk»=  13:20, August 25, 2005 (UTC)
 * Support. pamri 12:58, August 30, 2005 (UTC)


text: User talk:128.54.56.176

title: User talk:128.54.56.176


text:
Linlyn Lue

LinLyn Lue is a Canadian actress.

Early life
Lue was born in Jamaica and came to Canada with her family as a child.

Career
Lue played the strict English teacher Ms. Kwan on the Canadian television show Degrassi: The Next Generation for nine seasons. She also appeared in the films Black Robe, Blindness, Total Recall and the television series Strong Medicine and Doc.

title: Linlyn Lue


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Phelestia

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete. - Mailer Diablo 05:18, 28 August 2005 (UTC)

Phelestia
To the original author: I'm afraid this article, though interesting, isn't encyclopedic. Encyclopedias are supposed to contain information, not whole stories.

I'm voting delete as per No original research. Kel-nage 10:41, 21 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. --KFP 10:45, 21 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Some sort of story, of unknown origin. Original research. ManoaChild 10:48, 21 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Transwiki to Wikibooks provided it's not a copyvio. Alphax τεχ 10:50, 21 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy as test page or patent nonsense. --DrTorstenHenning 14:04, 21 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Do not transwiki; Wikibooks' mandate is textbooks, and they specifically don't take fiction. —Cryptic (talk) 14:31, 21 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy delete. Contains no intelligible content. -- Visviva 01:54, 24 August 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Southern Bank

Southern Bank is a bank based in Mount Olive, North Carolina. It is a wholly owned subsidiary of Southern BancShares (N.C.), Inc., a bank holding company.

The company operates 64 branches in North Carolina and Virginia.

History
Southern Bank was originally founded on January 29, 1901, as The Bank of Mount Olive.

The bank changed its name to Southern Bank and Trust Company on March 1, 1967, to reflect a more regional presence. The Home Office of the Bank is located at 116 East Main Street, Mount Olive, North Carolina.

Southern BancShares (N.C.), Inc., was founded and established as the holding company of Southern Bank on January 1, 1983.

In 2011, the company acquired the assets and liabilities of the failed Bank of the Commonwealth.

On February 1, 2016, the bank merged with Heritage Bankshares.

title: Southern Bank


text:
Matt Neal

Matthew Stephen Phillip Neal (born 20 December 1966) is a British motor racing driver. Neal is a triple BTCC Champion having won the British Touring Car Championship in 2005, 2006 and 2011. Neal is also a record 6 time BTCC Independents Champion having won the title in 1993, 1995, 1999, 2000, 2005 and 2006. He is also a race winner in the European Touring Car Championship. He is 6' 6" (2 m) tall, making him almost entirely unable to race single-seaters. He is also the Group Marketing Director at Rimstock, the alloy wheel manufacturer founded by his father Steve.

Early years
Born in Stourbridge, Neal started out in Motocross but moved into cars in 1988, driving in the Ford Fiesta XR2i category. He was the British Group N Champion in 1990 and 1991. He also co-drove a BMW M3 to victory at the 1990 Willhire 24 Hour race at Snetterton.

British Touring Car Championship (1991–2001)
Neal made his BTCC debut with Pyramid Motorsport at the Silverstone round of the 1991 BTCC season driving a BMW M3. He finished 13th in his first race before returning to the series two rounds later at Oulton Park with the Auto Trader Techspeed Team in another BMW M3. After that race he would race for the team two rounds later at Donington Park. For 1992 he joined his father's Team Dynamics team driving the BMW M3 which Will Hoy had taken to the championship title the year before. The car was badly damaged in an accident forcing Neal to switch to the new BMW 318 for the final race of the season.

He won the Total Cup for drivers without manufacturer support in 1993, before joining Mazda for a season cut short by a huge crash in round five at Silverstone. He rejoined Dynamics for 1995, remaining for several years and he occasionally humbled the big names, as well as winning the Independents' title three further times in 1995, 1999 and 2000. In 1999 he caused a sensation by winning a race at Donington Park in a Nissan Primera, the first Independent to do so in the modern era, winning him a £250,000 prize from BTCC series promoter Alan J. Gow. He took a further win a year later, having been considered a driver to cause a surprise in the championship. The championship's regulations changed for 2001, and Neal briefly joined Peugeot Sport UK before sitting out most of the season to race in the European Touring Car Championship.

British GT Championship (1998)
Neal drove a one-off appearance in the British GT Championship during the 1998 British Grand Prix-supporting race. He finished third, sharing a Porsche 911 GT1 with David Leslie.

European Touring Car Championship (2001)
After racing in one round of the British Touring Car Championship, Neal switched to the European Touring Car Championship's Super Touring category with RJN Motorsport and their Nissan Primera starting with Round 5 at Magny-Cours. He finished the championship placed 14th in the drivers standings on 266 points, taking one win in the final round in Portugal.

Return to the BTCC (2002–2003)
He returned with egg:sport in 2002 driving a Vauxhall Astra Coupé alongside Paul O'Neill. He finished 3rd in the championship, ahead of his teammate on 145 points.

A one-off appearance in the ASCAR championship at the end of 2002 saw him running as teammate to his future rival Jason Plato. For 2003 he switched to Honda Racing to drive a Honda Civic Type R, the start of long and mainly undisturbed relationship with Honda. Once again he finished 3rd in the championship ahead of teammates Tom Chilton and Alan Morrison.

Back to Team Dynamics (2004–2007)
Neal rejoined Team Dynamics (now with Halfords sponsorship), finishing 5th in the overall Drivers Championship and 4th in the Independents Championship.

For 2005 the team developed a Honda Integra from its basic road-going form, which was an unusual move as independent teams have historically raced ex-works cars, but the team's efforts were rewarded as Neal eventually took the drivers' title in the last round at Brands Hatch. Dynamics, as Team Halfords also clinched the Teams and Independent Teams Championships. Neal finished every single race in the points, the first driver to do so since the calendar expanded to 30 races per year.

In 2006, Neal drove the No. 1 Honda Integra and captured the championship again with a string of consistent finishes; 4th place in round 28 being enough to clinch his second title. After 2 years without a mechanical failure, Neal had a suspension failure before the start of the final race.

BTC-spec cars such as the Integra were no longer eligible for the main 2007 title, so Dynamics switched to a Honda Civic, using some of their existing running gear but doing development themselves. Neal won the third race of the season, but overall the SEAT and Vauxhall entries were faster, leaving Neal unable to fight for the title. A huge crash in race 1 of the second meeting at Brands Hatch left him briefly hospitalised; the lost points from this saw teammate Gordon Shedden outpoint him to finish 3rd overall, with Neal 4th. He attracted controversy during the season's final race, in which Fabrizio Giovanardi and Jason Plato fought for the drivers' title. Having signed on as a Vauxhall driver for 2008, Neal let Vauxhall drivers Giovanardi and Tom Chilton through without a fight, but did not do the same for SEAT driver Jason Plato, ensuring Giovanardi would win the title.

VX Racing (2008–2009)
In his first year for VX Racing in 2008, he took just one win at Rockingham, while teammate Giovanardi took five wins on the way to retaining his title. Neal finished the year 5th in the standings. After a strong start to 2009, winning the opening race at Brands Hatch, he failed to win again all season, finishing fourth in the standings behind Giovanardi.

Honda Racing (2010–2020)
Neal returned to Team Dynamics for the 2010 season, now racing under the Honda Racing banner alongside former teammate Gordon Shedden. Neal lost out in the drivers championship to Jason Plato late in the season but he helped Honda Racing take the Manufacturers and Teams Championships.

Neal stayed with Honda in 2011, with the Honda Civic now using a 2.0 NGTC Honda engine built by Neil Brown Engines. For much of the season the Civics had an advantage over the rest of the field and after a closely fought title battle with his teammate, Neal took his third drivers' title – after 2005 and 2006 – for the Honda Racing team at the final round at Silverstone, this helping his team to secure the Manufacturers and Constructors title.

In 2012, Neal drove the new NGTC Honda Civic. He took the first ever win for an NGTC car in the British Touring Car Championship in the second race of the season at Brands Hatch. Neal won two more races at Oulton Park and with teammate Shedden taking the other win, Honda Yuasa Racing Team became the first team to win all three races in a day since Team Aon won all three races at Silverstone in 2010. He finished the season second in the championship behind teammate Shedden.

Neal stayed with Honda for the 2013 season alongside Shedden. Prior to the Silverstone round Neal broke his finger in a martial arts accident but was passed fitted to race by a doctor He underwent surgery before the season finale at Brands Hatch, Alain Menu tested for the team as a possible substitute for Neal in the event he was unable to race. Neal finished the year 4th in the championship, two places behind teammate Shedden.

He was again paired with Shedden for the 2014 season, this time driving the new Honda Civic Tourer. Neal was placed 9th in the overall standings.

For the 2021 season, Neal made no appearances on the BTCC grid for the first time since his debut in 1991, after Team Dynamics lost backing from Honda and GS Yuasa and obtained sponsorship from Cataclean: as a result the team fielded Shedden and Cataclean-backed driver Daniel Rowbottom as their 2021 line-up. According to Neal the team secured a sponsor to field a third car for him, however this was scuppered when other teams objected to the plan. He described the enforced break in his BTCC career as "not a retirement".

Australia
Neal has competed at the Bathurst 1000 on four occasions; in 1997 and 1998 with Steven Richards in a Team Dynamics Nissan Primera, in 2000 in a Paul Morris Motorsport Holden Commodore VT with Paul Morris. Withdrew from 2001 where he was due to co-drive with Paul Morris due to the 9/11 terrorist attacks a month before the race and in 2008 in a Paul Morris Motorsport Holden Commodore VE with Boris Said. He also drove with Morris at the 2001 Queensland 500.

Other activities
Neal lives in Shenstone, Worcestershire.

He has appeared on Top Gear multiple times. He first raced in the Historic People Carrier race in Series 5. He participated in a football match using Toyota Aygos in Series 6 driving for James May's team. He raced a Mitsubishi L300 motorhome in the tenth series during a motorhome race. Neal appeared once again in Series 12's Bus Race, driving an Optare MetroRider. He then appeared in Series 14's airport vehicles race. In Series 20, episode 2 he drove a Mercedes-Benz E-Class in a taxi race. Elsewhere Neal has worked alongside Martin Haven as a co-commentator on Eurosport's coverage of the former World Touring Car Championship since 2010 and currently the World Touring Car Cup.

In May 2009 he gave both the Beijing gold medallist and 2008 World Cycling Champion, Ed Clancy and double World Cycling Champion, Rob Hayles, masterclasses around Oulton Park in a Vauxhall Astra 888 road car, prepared by Triple Eight Engineering – the team behind VX Racing.

In March 2015 he drove for Milltek Sport in their diesel Golf in the Mugello 12hr race finishing second in class, a week later driving a 500Hp 1979 Bastos Chevrolet Camaro with David Clark he won the Gerry Marshall Trophy race at the Goodwood Members Meeting.

During his 2021 sabbatical, Neal linked up with Jason Plato for a live recording of a BTCC-themed podcast.

Fitness
Matt Neal has stated that he keeps fit through training in martial arts, which gives him better aerobic fitness and flexibility. In 2012 Matt achieved the grade of 2nd dan black belt in the British Free Fighting Academy, after training with martial arts instructor Andy Hopwood.

Complete British Touring Car Championship results
(key) Races in bold indicate pole position (1 point awarded – 1996–2002 all races, 2003–present just in first race, 2000–2003 in class) Races in italics indicate fastest lap (1 point awarded – 2001–present all races, 2000–2003 in class) * signifies that driver lead race for at least one lap (1 point awarded – 1998–2002 just in feature races, 2003–present all races)

Complete Deutsche Tourenwagen Meisterschaft results
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap) † Not classified in championship due to only entering in the non-championship event.

Complete European Touring Car Championship results
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap)

Complete Bathurst 1000 results
* Super Touring race

title: Matt Neal


text:
Young Pioneers Stadium

The Young Pioneers Stadium (Стадион Юных пионеров) was a sports complex built in the Soviet Union, intended exclusively for children and youth training, the largest in Europe of this kind. It was located in Moscow. First built at the location in 1926 was a football stadium named after Mikhail Tomsky, used by FC Pishcheviki Moscow that had room for 13,000 spectators. Many other sports buildings were built around the stadium as part of a complex from 1932 to 1934 and included two volleyball grounds, five tennis courts, a cycling track, an indoor ice skating rink, as well as several indoor gyms and choreography halls. Besides that, an Indoor Athletics Area was built there in 1968. The site was reconstructed in 1980 to comply with Olympic standards and the football stadium (capacity 5,000) was used as a venue of the field hockey tournament at the 1980 Summer Olympics, including the final. After that, the complex was again the seat of the Central Children's Training and Competition Complex with more than 2,000 children regularly practicing sports.

In post-Soviet Russia, when many children's sports schools and sections around the country had been closed, the complex was used primarily for other purposes. It was demolished in 2016 to make way for a church. At the time of its demolition, it is used by the Moscow Youth Football League.

title: Young Pioneers Stadium


text:
User:Meithal~enwiki

I´m wandering in the [French wikipedia].

title: User:Meithal~enwiki


text:
Vladimir Antyufeyev

Vladimir Yuryevich Antyufeyev (Владимир Юрьевич Антюфеев; born 19 February 1951), also known under the assumed name Vadim Shevtsov or Vladimir Shevtsov is a politician and former OMON officer who was one of the organizers in attempt to overthrow the Latvian government in 1991.

As "Vadim Shevtsov", he was later the head of the Ministry of State Security of Moldova's pro-Moscow separatist state of Transnistria between 1992 and 2012. He is a Russian and Transnistrian citizen and was for many years wanted by the law enforcement agencies of Latvia and Moldova. He is no longer wanted by Latvia however, due to their statute of limitations on the type of crime he was alleged to have committed.

In July 2014, Antyufeyev became one of leaders of Ukraine's pro-Russia secessionist rebels, by becoming the Chairman of the People's Council of the Donetsk People's Republic

Life and career
Antyufeyev was born in Novosibirsk, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union. In 1974, he graduated from a police academy in Minsk, Byelorussian SSR.

He is a former Soviet OMON special police major and Riga police deputy chief of criminal investigation. He served as Riga OMON commander in 1990–1991. In August 1990, Antyufeyev was one of the organizers of a meeting of the Latvian MVD where some 80% of the Latvian police force made a decision not to recognize the Popular Front of Latvia government and follow the Constitution of the Soviet Union instead. These police forces would later be involved in the KGB-led failed pro-unity coup attempt in January 1991. For these actions the Latvian government accused Antyufeyev of "crimes against the state" in August 1991. He says he fled to Moscow two hours before he was to be arrested.

In Russia, Antyufeyev was assisted by Viktor Alksnis, on whose recommendation he traveled to Tiraspol to take part in the Transnistrian independence movement in September 1991. Adopting a new name, "Vadim Shevtsov," Antyufeyev played a key role in forming the internal affairs and security organizations of the Transnistrian government, especially the Ministry of State Security, which he headed. Shevtsov's real identity was revealed by Aleksandr Lebed in 1997.

In 2003 Antyufeyev defended a doctoral thesis on "Russia's Geostrategy in the Southwest" at the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration.

In 2004, the prosecutor of Moldova indicted Antyufeyev for crimes against the Moldovan state and freeing an officer accused of several assassinations. That same year, Antyufeyev was declared persona non grata by the European Union.

He married Galina Antyufeyeva, a deputy in the Transnistrian Supreme Soviet and head of the committee on legislation. Antyufeyev has stated: "We pose a real problem to Moldova. My life's purpose is to save this land [Transnistria] for Russia." In early 2012, he was dismissed by the incumbent president Yevgeny Shevchuk and a criminal investigation was launched against him, alleging abuse of power, misappropriation of public funds and destruction of documents.

Antyufeyev based himself in Moscow in 2012. He said he worked on security in South Ossetia, Abkhazia, and Crimea. In July 2014, he appeared in eastern Ukraine as the "deputy prime minister" of the Donetsk People's Republic (DPR). The DPR head Alexander Borodai met him in Moscow and put him in charge of the rebel security forces (taking over from Alexander Khodakovsky), internal affairs, and courts of justice. The European Union named Antyufeyev on its list of sanctioned individuals. In a mid-August 2014 interview with Novaya Gazeta Antyufeyev claimed "Nobody's to blame that our banks, shops, the airport [in Donetsk] are closed — except for the Ukrainian fascists and the masons of the U.S. and Europe".

title: Vladimir Antyufeyev


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Phosphorus oxoacid

In chemistry, phosphorus oxoacid (or phosphorus acid) is a generic name for any acid whose molecule consists of atoms of phosphorus, oxygen, and hydrogen. There is a potentially infinite number of such compounds. Some of them are unstable and have not been isolated, but the derived anions and organic groups are present in stable salts and esters. The most important ones—in biology, geology, industry, and chemical research—are the phosphoric acids, whose esters and salts are the phosphates.

In general, any hydrogen atom bonded to an oxygen atom is acidic, meaning that the –OH group can lose a proton leaving a negatively charged – group and thus turning the acid into a phosphorus oxoanion. Each additional proton lost has an associated acid dissociation constant Ka1, Ka2 Ka3, ..., often expressed by its cologarithm (pKa1, pKa2, pKa3, ...). Hydrogen atoms bonded directly to phosphorus are generally not acidic.

Classification
The phosphorus oxoacids can be classified by the oxidation state(s) of the phosphorus atom(s), which may vary from +1 to +5. The oxygen atoms are usually in oxidation state -2, but may be in state -1 if the molecule includes peroxide groups.

Oxidation state +1

 * Hypophosphorous acid (or phosphinic acid), (or ), a monoprotic acid (meaning that only one of the hydrogen atoms is acidic).  Its salts and esters are called hypophosphites or phosphinates.

Oxidation state +3

 * Phosphorous acid (or phosphonic acid), (or ), a diprotic acid (with only two acidic hydrogens).  Its salts and esters are called phosphites or phosphonates.

Oxidation state +4

 * Hypophosphoric acid, (or –). All four hydrogens are acidic. Its salts and esters are hypophosphates.

Oxidation state +5
The most important members of this group are the phosphoric acids, where each phosphorus atom bonded to four oxygen atoms, one of them through a double bond, arranged as the corners of a tetrahedron. Two or more of these tetrahedra may be connected by shared single-bonded oxygens, forming linear or branched chains, cycles, or more complex structures. The single-bonded oxygen atoms that are not shared are completed with acidic hydrogen atoms. Their generic formula is Hn−x+2PnO3n−x+1, where n is the number of phosphorus atoms and x is the number of fundamental cycles in the molecule's structure.

These acids, and their esters and salts ("phosphates") include some of the best-known and most important compounds of phosphorus.

The simplest member of this class is:
 * Phosphoric acid proper (also called orthophosphoric acid or monophosphoric acid), (or ), a triprotic acid. It forms orthophosphate salt and esters, commonly called phosphates.

The smallest compounds of this class with two or more phosphorus atoms are called "oligophosphoric acids", and the larger ones, with linear –P–O– backbones, are "polyphosphoric acids"; with no definite separation between the two. Some of the most important members are:
 * Pyrophosphoric acid, (or –O–), with four acid hydrogens.  Forms pyrophosphates.
 * Triphosphoric acid (or tripolyphosphoric acid), (or –O––O–), with five acidic hydrogens.  Forms triphosphates or tripolyphosphates.
 * Tetraphosphoric acid, (or (–O–)2–O–), with six acidic hydrogens.  Forms tetraphosphates.

The backbone may be branched, as in:
 * Triphosphono phosphoric acid, or P(O)(–)3, a branched isomer of tetrapolyphosphoric acid.

The tetrahedra may be connected to form closed –P–O– chains, as in:
 * Trimetaphosphoric acid (or cyclotriphosphoric acid), (or, (–P(O)(OH)–O–)3), a cyclic molecule with three acidic hydrogens. Forms the trimetaphosphate salts and esters.

Metaphosphoric acid is a general term for phosphoric acids with a single cycle, (–P(O)(OH)–O–)n, whose elemental formula is.

Another compound that may be included in this class is
 * Peroxomonophosphoric acid, H3PO5 (or OP(OH)2(OOH)), which can be seen as monophosphoric acid with a peroxide group replacing the oxygen atom in one of the hydroxyl groups

Mixed oxidation states
Some phosphorus oxoacids have two or more P atoms in different oxidation states. One example is
 * Isohypophosphoric acid, (or H(OH)(O)P−O−P(O)(OH)2), a tetraprotic acid and isomer of hypophosphoric acid, containing P in oxidation state +3 and +5

title: Phosphorus oxoacid


text:
1927–28 NHL season

The 1927–28 NHL season was the 11th season of the National Hockey League. Ten teams played 44 games each. This was the first full season that the Toronto club used the Toronto Maple Leafs name following ownership changex in February 1927. The New York Rangers won the Stanley Cup beating the Montreal Maroons, becoming the first NHL team based in the United States to win it.

League business
The O'Brien Cup, which used to go to the National Hockey Association (NHA), later the NHL league champion, would now go to the winner of the Canadian Division. The Prince of Wales Trophy, first awarded to the winner of the first game at Madison Square Garden, and later the NHL league champion, would now go to the winner of the American division.

The first indications that the Ottawa Senators were in financial trouble surfaced when they asked the league for a bigger share of road game income. Though the league entertained the Senators suggestion, the Senators did not receive this income. It was decided by the Ottawa management to sell star right wing Hooley Smith to the Montreal Maroons for an undisclosed amount of money ($22,500 it was believed). At the same time, right wing Punch Broadbent returned to Ottawa.

The Toronto Maple Leafs introduced new sweaters of blue and white, changing from the former green logo on white uniform. They are the first team in the NHL to have a set of white uniforms and a set of dark uniforms.

Rule changes
The league changed the rule for substitution, allowing "on the fly" changes, as long as the player going off is on the bench before the substitute goes on.

The league implemented new measures to increase scoring. The blue lines were introduced, dividing the rink into three zones: defending, neutral and attacking. Teams with possession in their defending zone could now pass the puck forward, and both teams could pass the puck forward in the neutral zone, although forward passing across the blue lines was still disallowed. New penalties were given for picking up the puck; and for clearing the puck out of play. Goalie leg pads were reduced in width to ten inches from twelve and goalies were disallowed from travelling more than four feet with the puck. However, the new changes did not improve scoring, as the average number of goals per game decreased to 3.8, from 4.0. A new ten-minute sudden-death overtime period was introduced to resolve games tied after 60 minutes. This was also ineffective, and the number of tie games doubled from 36 to 74.

Regular season
The Chicago Black Hawks fired coach Pete Muldoon before the season, and coaching was split between Hugh Lehman and Barney Stanley. The Black Hawks finished last, recording only seven wins. The firing of Muldoon prompted him to publicly put "a curse" (known as the "curse of the Muldoons") on the Black Hawks, stating that the team would never win the NHL pennant. The Black Hawks would not place first in the NHL until the 1966–67 season.

The Ottawa Senators, the smallest market in the league, were affected by franchises in the U.S. and sold their star right wing Hooley Smith to the Montreal Maroons for $22,500 plus the return of right wing Punch Broadbent, followed by the sale of defenceman Edwin Gorman to Toronto.

Howie Morenz, the NHL's top drawing card, dominated the scoring race and was runaway winner of the Hart Trophy. He scored 33 goals and led the league in assists as well. Despite Ottawa's financial difficulties, Alex Connell, Ottawa goalkeeper, set an all-time record with six consecutive shutouts. His record shutout sequence reached 460 minutes and 59 seconds without being scored on.

Toronto, now the Maple Leafs, showed power early on and it looked like they would make the playoffs. However, injuries to Hap Day and Bill Carson doomed the team, and the Leafs sagged to fourth, out of the playoffs for the third straight year. It would take another 80 years until the Leafs missed the playoffs three straight times again.

Thanks to the great play of Eddie Shore and goaltender Hal Winkler, who tied with Connell for the leader in shutouts with 15, the Boston Bruins finished first for the first time in the American Division, while the Canadiens, who were running away with the Canadian Division at mid-season, slumped after an injury to Pit Lepine but managed to hold onto first place at season's end.

Final standings
Note: W = Wins, L = Losses, T = Ties, Pts = Points, GF= Goals For, GA = Goals Against, PIM = Penalties in minutes Note: Teams that qualified for the playoffs are highlighted in bold

Playoffs
In the Canadian Division, the Montreal Maroons beat the Ottawa Senators and then went to the limit against the Canadiens before Russell Oatman put the Maroons into the finals with a goal in overtime.

In the American Division, the New York Rangers knocked off the Pittsburgh Pirates in a rough series, and then beat Boston to go to the finals against the Montreal Maroons.

Stanley Cup Finals
The circus knocked the Rangers out of Madison Square Garden, and all games were played in the Montreal Forum, even though Boston offered to host the Rangers. The Maroons won game one 2–0, with Nels Stewart and goaltender Clint Benedict the stars.

Drama took over in game two when Nels Stewart fired a hard shot that struck New York goaltender Lorne Chabot in the eye. He could not continue, and the Rangers needed a goaltender. However, when coach Eddie Gerard refused to let the Rangers use Alex Connell or minor league goaltender Hugh McCormick, Lester Patrick, Ranger coach, in anger, decided to don the pads himself. The Rangers then body-blasted any Maroon who got near Patrick. Bill Cook scored, putting the Rangers ahead 1–0, but Nels Stewart was not to be denied and scored, tying the game. In overtime, Frank Boucher got the winner for the Rangers and they carried Patrick, tears streaming down his eyes, off the ice. Patrick stopped 17 of 18 shots he faced. Joe "Red Light" Miller, New York Americans goalie, was allowed to take Chabot's place in goal and he played well in a 2–0 loss in game three. However, Frank Boucher starred as the Rangers took the next two games, and the Stanley Cup. Drama almost took place in the final game when Miller was badly cut on a shot, but he was able to continue. The crowd became unruly at times and referee Mike Rodden took abuse for disallowed goals by Maroon players. Even NHL president Frank Calder was a target of some fans for not intervening. The Rangers became the second American team to win the Cup and the first NHL American team to do so. In addition, the Rangers became the first team to win the Stanley Cup at the Montreal Forum which was only repeated in 1989

Awards
The terms for awarding the O'Brien Cup and the Prince of Wales Trophy were changed to honour the top finisher in each of the NHL's divisions. Howie Morenz won the Hart Trophy, the first of three times he would be named most valuable player. Frank Boucher won the Lady Byng, the first of seven times he would win the award. George Hainsworth won the Vezina Trophy for the second consecutive year.

Scoring leaders
Note: GP = Games played; G = Goals; A = Assists; Pts = Points Source: NHL

Leading goaltenders
Note: GP = Games played; Mins = Minutes played; GA = Goals against; SO = Shut outs; GAA = Goals against average Source: hockey-reference.com

American Division

 * Boston Bruins: Art Ross
 * Chicago Black Hawks: Barney Stanley and Hughie Lehman
 * Detroit Cougars: Jack Adams
 * New York Rangers: Lester Patrick
 * Pittsburgh Pirates: Odie Cleghorn

Canadian Division

 * Montreal Canadiens: Cecil Hart
 * Montreal Maroons: Eddie Gerard
 * New York Americans: Shorty Green
 * Ottawa Senators: Dave Gill
 * Toronto Maple Leafs: Conn Smythe

Debuts
The following is a list of players of note who played their first NHL game in 1927–28 (listed with their first team, asterisk(*) marks debut in playoffs):
 * Dit Clapper, Boston Bruins
 * Norman Gainor, Boston Bruins
 * Cy Wentworth, Chicago Black Hawks
 * Charlie Gardiner, Chicago Black Hawks
 * Larry Aurie, Detroit Cougars
 * Marty Burke, Montreal Canadiens
 * Jimmy Ward, Montreal Maroons
 * Joe Lamb, Montreal Maroons
 * Marty Barry, New York Americans
 * Allan Shields, Ottawa Senators
 * Joe Primeau, Toronto Maple Leafs

Last games
The following is a list of players of note that played their last game in the NHL in 1927–28 (listed with their last team):* Denotes last game was in the playoffs.
 * Sprague Cleghorn, Boston Bruins
 * Corb Denneny, Chicago Black Hawks
 * Frank Foyston, Detroit Cougars
 * Jack Walker, Detroit Cougars
 * Billy Boucher, New York Americans
 * Odie Cleghorn, Pittsburgh Pirates
 * Lester Patrick, New York Rangers*

title: 1927–28 NHL season