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Sunnyside (1919 film)

Sunnyside is a 1919 American short silent film written by, directed by and starring Charlie Chaplin. It was his third film for First National Pictures.

Plot
Charlie works on a farm from 4 a.m. until late at night at the run-down Evergreen Hotel in the rural village of Sunnyside. He has endless duties inside the hotel as well as farm chores to undertake.

Chaplin's boss is the local preacher who mistreats him badly. He gets his food and the boss' on the run (milking a cow into his coffee, holding a chicken over the frying pan to get fried eggs). Charlie has to lead the cows to an upper pasture on a Sunday. He wanders off-road on a dusty corner and loses the cows. They materialise in the village: mainly in the church. Charlie rides a longhorn out of the church and falls off as they cross a bridge. In his daze he sees dancing nymphs. His boss kicks him all the way home.

Charlie's love interest in the village is the girl played by Edna Purviance. He loves her, but is disliked by her father. He waits for the father to leave the house then enters and gives her a posy of flowers. Their tryst is disturbed by brother Willie. He blindfolds Willie and says they are playing blind man's buff - leading him out of the front door. Charlie plays piano with his girl. A goat and kid appear behind the piano and Charlie thinks it is a flat note. The father returns and he has to leave.

A city slicker is hurt in a car crash and is carried into the hotel by the fat boy. He is placed on the reception desk and Charlie tries to check him in. The fat boy brings the doctor. The doctor's bag mainly contains whisky and crude implements of amputation. The doctor writes a prescription and the city slicker pays him. The doctor leaves and the fat boy puts the slicker in a bedroom. Charlie returns to the hotel lounge, where he has to mop the floor around the doctor, the fat boy, and the boy's tiny father. The screen title says "Lounge lizards", an early printed use of the term.

The city slicker recovers. He stands at the reception smoking a cigarette. The hotel has a small area selling groceries. A woman stands at the grocery counter and gets her hand stuck on fly paper. She has forgotten what she came in to buy: Charlie proffers a series of items including a razor. Smelly cheese makes her remember she wanted socks. She pays with a dollar bill which gets stuck to the fly paper. She leaves and the slicker follows her out, returning a cent which she dropped. Charlie despairs as they walk off together. Charlie spies through her window and sees her with the slicker with her father in the room, seemingly accepting this new suitor. The slicker has a unique style: a handkerchief up his sleeve and a cigarette lighter in the head of his walking cane.

Charlie dons spats and a walking cane. The locals laugh as he passes. At the girl's house he draws attention to the spats and his DIY attempt at a cane-top cigarette lighter. The slicker arrives and Charlie leaves, outdone.

Back in the hotel his boss shouts at him. The slicker checks out of the hotel and gives Charlie a tip. Charlie embraces his girl as the slicker drives off.

Critics have long argued as to whether the final scene is real or a dream.

Deleted scene
The 1983 documentary Unknown Chaplin contains a deleted scene in which Charlie also serves as the hotel's hapless barber. Albert Austin plays a man who has come in for a shave and gets more than he expected from the Evergreen Hotel's inept barber.

Cast

 * Charlie Chaplin - Farm handyman
 * Edna Purviance - Village Belle
 * Tom Wilson - Boss
 * Henry Bergman - Villager and Edna's Father
 * Olive Ann Alcorn - Nymph
 * Tom Wood - Fat Boy
 * Loyal Underwood - Fat Boy's Father
 * Tammie Harding Barlow - Dancer #1
 * Helen McDonough - Dancer #2
 * Albert Austin - Village Doctor

Reception
The June 16, 1919 issue of The New York Times contains this review:"Charlie Chaplin is at the Strand in his latest—"Sunnyside"—so, of course, those who go there will laugh. Chaplin is a farm hand and country hotel clerk this time. He is at his best when depending upon his inimitable pantomime, and least amusing when indulging in slap-stick, in which he is not distinguished from countless other comedians. There is cleverness in "Sunnyside" and good pantomime, but, also, too much slap-stick.

The nymph dance in the dream sequence has been described as a tribute to or parody of the ballet L'après-midi d'un faune by Vaslav Nijinsky.

title: Sunnyside (1919 film)


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Erik Pontoppidan

Erik Ludvigsen Pontoppidan (24 August 1698 – 20 December 1764) was a Danish author, a Lutheran bishop of the Church of Norway, a historian, and an antiquarian. His Catechism of the Church of Denmark heavily influenced Danish and Norwegian religious thought and practice for roughly the next 200 years after its 1737 publication.

Early life and education
Pontoppidan was born in Aarhus to provost Ludvig Henriksen Pontoppidan (1648-1706) and his second wife Else Sophie Spend (1673-1707). His younger brother Christian Ludvigsen Pontoppidan (1696-1765) was a provist (stiftsprovst) in Aarhus. His father's first wife was Barbara Backer (1746-1777). Orphaned at an early age, Erik Pontoppidan was placed in the house of a distant relative, Justice Councilor D.C. Braes to Kokkedal in Torslev parish and was mistreated by the home teacher, so in 1709, through the family's intervention, he first came to Aarhus Latin School and in 1710 to Fredericia Latin School, where he lived with his half-brother, parish priest Henrik Pontoppidan, who, when the boy found the school discipline unbearable, put him in the house with parish priest Ove Guldberg in Barrit 1713. In 1715 he returned to Fredericia Latin School, matriculating in 1716. He then enrolled at the University of Copenhagen to study theology, earning his certificate (attestats) in 1718.

Career
Pontoppidan worked as a private tutor in Norway in 1719-20. He was then engaged as hovmester for Ivar Huitfeldt's son Claus with whom he went to the Netherlands and England (1720-21). During their stay in Utrecht, he came into personal contact with the then-influential reformed theologian Friedrich Adolph Lampe, whose theological thinking left an impression on him. In 1721 he became private tutor for Frederick Carl of Carlstein (later duke of Plön), and two years later morning preacher in the castle and afternoon preacher in Nordborg. From 1726 to 1734 he was pastor at Hagenberg, where he so protected the pietists as to find it advisable to defend his course against the Lutherans with Dialogus; oder Unterredung Severi, Sinceri, und Simplicis von der Religion and Reinheit der Lehre (1726) and Heller Glaubensspiegel (1727). During this same period he laid the foundation of his later topographical and historical works in Memoria Hafniæ (1729); Theatrum Daniæ (1736); and the aforementioned Kurzgefasste Reformationshistorie der dänischen Kirche. Pontoppidan became successively pastor in Hillerød and castle preacher in Frederiksborg (1734), Danish court preacher at Copenhagen (1735), professor extraordinary of theology at the University (1738), and a member of the mission board (1740), meanwhile writing his Everriculum fermenti veteris (1736) and Böse Sprichwörter (1739).

In 1736 Pontoppidan was directed by royal rescript to prepare an explanation of the catechism and a new hymnal, and through these two works — Sandhed til gudfrygtighed (1737) and the hymnbook (1740) — the pietistic cause in Denmark received powerful assistance. He likewise continued his historical investigations in his Marmora Danica (3 vols., 1739–1741; a collection of noteworthy epitaphs and ecclesiastical monuments) and his uncritical Annales ecclesiæ Danicæ (4 vols., 1741–1752); and also wrote a novel, Menoza (3 vols., 1742–1743), a critique of the religious conditions of Denmark and other countries. In 1747 he was appointed bishop at Bergen, where he introduced many educational reforms, and wrote Glossarium Norvagicum (1749) and Forsøk til Norges naturlige historie (Copenhagen, 1752–1753), while his pastoral letters formed in part the basis of his later Collegium pastorale practicum (1757). The antagonism which Pontoppidan roused at Bergen, however, obliged him to go in 1754 to Copenhagen, where he became prochancellor at the university in the following year. However, all his plans in this capacity were thwarted by his opponents, and he sought consolation in writing, the results being his Origines Hafnienses (1760) and the first two parts of his Den danske Atlas (1763–1767), of which the last five volumes were edited posthumously. He was also active as a political economist, being the editor of Danmarks og Norges ökonomiske Magazin (8 vols., 1757–1764).

Sea serpents and giant squids
Pontoppidan argued for the existence of the sea serpent, the kraken and the mermaid in his two-volume work, Forsøk til Norges naturlige historie (The Natural History of Norway), published in 1752 and 1753.

Herman Melville, in his novel Moby-Dick, talks about "the great Kraken of Bishop Pontoppodan".

Jules Verne, in his novel Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Seas, references this aspect of Pontoppidan's work. The narrator, Professor Aronnax, explains that "another bishop, Pontoppidan of Bergen, also tells of a devilfish so large a whole cavalry regiment could maneuver on it." Despite the skepticism of his companions, they soon encounter "a squid of colossal dimensions." See, also, his The Sea Serpent.

Personal life
Pontoppidan was married three times. On 26 October 1723, he married Francisca Toxverd (died 1730). She was the daughter of minister Peder Frandsen Toxverd (died 1735). They had no children. Pontoppidan's second wife was Lina (Ellina) Danielsen (1712-1744), daughter of husfoged at Sønderborg Castle Peter Danielsen (1680-1735) and Ingeborg Thomsen (1690-). The wedding took place on 4 September 1731 in Sønderborg. They had two sons and a daughter. The elder of the two sons, Christian Frederik Pontoppidan (1830–1816), was a counter admiral. Pontoppidan 's third wife was Johanne Marie de Hofman (1722-1809), daughter of Justice Councillor Søren de Hofman til Skerrildgård (1688-1771) and Karen Elisabeth Dreyer (1689-1727). The wedding took place on 16 February 1745. They had three daughters and three sons. The son Carl Pontoppidan (1748–1802) served as director of the Royal Greenland Trading Department and was a councilman in Copenhagen.

Influence
Pontoppidan's Heller Glaubensspiegel was an influence on Swedish Lutheran lay preacher Carl Olof Rosenius, impressing upon him the importance of conversion and having a living faith.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Erik Pontoppidan


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Loudy Wiggins

Loudy Wiggins (née Tourky) (born 7 July 1979) is a former Australian diver. She was born in Haifa to Palestinian Christian parents and moved to Australia when she was 3 years old.

Wiggins was a gymnast at the Australian Institute of Sport, then began diving when she was 12 on suggestion from her physiotherapist.

Wiggins competed at her first Olympic Games for Diving when she was 17 years old at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta. She won bronze in the 10m synchronised platform event at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, becoming the first Australian to win an Olympic medal in diving since Dick Eve in 1924 (with Rebecca Gilmore). She and Rebecca Gilmore were also the first Australian female Olympic diving medallists.

She won bronze at the 2001 World Aquatics Championships in Fukuoka after a successful year on the Diving Grand Prix circuit and was named Female Australian Diver of the Year. Loudy was known as being a powerful platform diver.

After winning numerous National championships in both springboard and platform as well as many international medals, in 2002 she won gold in the 10m platform event at the 2002 Commonwealth Games in Manchester and backed this up in 2003 by winning first place at an unprecedented three successive CAN-AM-MEX FINA Diving Grand Prix competitions coming home with 6 gold medals. She finished 2003 with a silver medal at the FINA Aquatic World Championships in the 10m synchronised diving event in Barcelona.

In 2004, after finishing second in the 10m platform event at the Diving World Cup in Athens, Wiggins won bronze in the 10m event at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens. She also won 2 silver medals the following year at the 2005 FINA World Aquatic Championships in Montreal in the 10m and 10m Synchro events and 2 gold medals at the same events at the Melbourne 2006 Commonwealth Games.

Wiggins trained for the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, but a calf injury suffered during the Olympic selection trials on 13 April 2008 prevented her from competing in the Games.

After getting married and having her first child, Wiggins began a comeback, placing 14th at the Olympic Test Event in London.

Returning to Australia, she partnered with Rachel Bugg and, after very limited preparation, defeated Melissa Wu and Alexandra Croak at the Australian Nomination Trials. and competed at her fourth Olympic Games at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, where, at 33, she was the oldest diver in the field.

Wiggins has a degree in media and communications, from the University of Sydney, was on the Australian Olympic Committee Athletes' Commission and the Board of Directors of Diving Victoria from 2012 - 2016.

Personal life
Wiggins is married to former Carlton Australian rules football player Simon Wiggins. They have a daughter born in 2010 and a son born in 2013.

title: Loudy Wiggins


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Railway Reserves Heritage Trail

The Railway Reserves Heritage Trail – also on some maps as Rail Reserve Heritage Trail or Rail Reserves Historical Trail, and frequently referred to locally as the Bridle Trail or Bridle Track – is within the Shire of Mundaring in Western Australia.

Names and sections
The trail comprises a loop between Bellevue and Mount Helena, and a line from Mount Helena to Wooroloo.

The loop, called Trail Loop, is 40.8 km in length, and follows the two Eastern Railway routes travelling east from Bellevue and meeting up again in Mount Helena, thus forming a loop. The southern route, which traverses Mundaring, is the First Route, opened in 1884. In contrast, the northern route, which passes through John Forrest National Park, follows the Second Route, opened in 1896.

In Mount Helena the Railway Reserves Heritage Trail continues as a line 22.5 km in length, called Eastern Extension, onto Wooroloo. The line is coincident with this part of the 75 km Kep Track, which continues along the old railway route as far as Northam.

In Kalamunda there is a railway heritage trail that follows the alignment of the old Upper Darling Range Railway.

History
It was created following the Western Australian Government Railways (the WAGR, as it was commonly known) ceasing to operate on the Bellevue to Northam railway following the construction of the Standard Gauge Railway in 1966.

The first two attempts at the Eastern Railway from Bellevue to Chidlow, Western Australia both constructed before 1900 failed to have sufficiently low gradients for the increasing tonnages on the railway system. The Avon Valley route taken by the new Standard Gauge line, was the third and final attempt to take the railway system out of the metropolitan area across the Darling Scarp.

The first two Eastern Railway formations were closed by an Act of Parliament in the 1960s, and the lands were vested with the Mundaring Council. As a result, most of the removable property of the WAGR - was removed from the reserve. Notably the Mundaring and Darlington concrete railway platforms remain, and approximately three telegraph poles remain along the original formation. Otherwise all rails, sleepers and buildings no longer remain. The Koongamia platform, although in use for only about five years in the 1960s, was re-built as public sculpture in the 2000s.

Interesting exceptions to the removal of railway operations assets are the stationmaster's houses in Mundaring and Glen Forrest - these have been preserved and maintained. The Mundaring house is currently the location of the office of the Mundaring and Hills Historical Society.

Considerable alterations have been made to the original railway formations by telecommunication, power, road and other authorities. In parts, roads named "Railway Terrace", and other old roads running parallel to the reserve remain unchanged.

Australian Bicentenary
In 1988 the Australian Bicentenary saw 17 Heritage Trails funded by the Commonwealth and Western Australian governments under the Commonwealth State Bicentennial Commemorative Program - as the W.A. Heritage Trail Network. The Railway Reserves Heritage Trail was developed by the Mundaring Bicentennial Community Committee, and a pamphlet and signage on the trail was funded by this as well. In the pamphlet and on the signage - the main stopping places as annotated, and the details go as far as Wooroloo.

Current conditions
In some parts the reserve is an important wildlife corridor, while other parts have been degraded by erosion and bushfire damage. It passes through the John Forrest National Park and is one of a number of named trails in the park. Considerable funds have been given to the Mundaring shire to maintain the reserve for use by walkers, cyclists and horse riders (hence the Bridle Trail name recurring). However, despite restraints, motor cyclists and others provide a regular hazard.

Ecology and environmental context
The two earlier routes of the Eastern Railway followed closely the line of two creeks – the first route followed Nyaania Creek which is part of the Helena River catchment, while the second followed Jane Brook which joins the Swan River at Middle Swan.

Sections of the reserve have important ecological features that contain examples of a range of conditions found in the region. The whole trail is in effect a vital Wildlife corridor creating connections between adjacent parks and nature reserves:

First Route or southern section Second Route or northern section
 * Greenmount National Park - adjacent reserve grounds - Greenmount and Boya
 * Darlington Recreation Ground - Darlington
 * Binbrook Park - Darlington
 * Glen Forrest Super Block - Glen Forrest
 * Strettle Road Reserve - Mahogany Creek
 * State Forest - Sawyers Valley
 * John Forrest National Park - Swan View and Hovea
 * Brookside Park - Hovea
 * Milligan Park - Stoneville
 * Leschenaultia Conservation Reserve - Chidlow
 * Beechina Nature Reserve - Beechina
 * Beechina North Nature Reserve - Beechina
 * Needham Nature Reserve - Wooroloo

It also has named parks and reserves either within or linked in the legal bounds of the land designated as the trail:
 * Whybourne Park - Bellevue
 * Darlington Station Reserve - Darlington
 * M.J. Morgan Reserve - Glen Forrest
 * Thomas Park - Glen Forrest
 * Sculpture Park - Mundaring
 * Jarrah Creek Reserve -Sawyers Valley
 * Chidlow Recreation Reserve - Chidlow

Trek the Trail
Trek the Trail is a free walking and cycling event that takes place every September along a section of Railway Reserves Heritage Trail. This annual event, jointly run by the Shire of Mundaring, Mundaring Arts Centre, Mundaring Tourism Association and Mundaring and Hills Historical Society, encourages participants to enjoy art, entertainment, local history, activities and the physical challenge along the Trail.

The event was conducted from Wooroloo to Chidlow in 2004, Mount Helena to Parkerville in 2005, Mundaring to Darlington in 2006, Chidlow to Sawyers Valley in 2007, Mundaring to Mundaring Weir in 2008, Mundaring to Darlington in 2009 and Parkerville to Swan View in 2010.

Distances

 * Pechey Road, Swan View 00.0 km 40.8 km
 * Swan View Tunnel eastern entrance       1.2 km    39.6 km
 * Parkerville 8.9 km   31.9 km
 * Stoneville   11.9 km 28.9 km
 * Mount Helena 15.9 km  24.9 km
 * Sawyers Valley 19.0 km 21.8 km
 * Mundaring  22.6 km  18.2 km
 * Coppin Road, Mundaring                                24.1 km  16.7 km
 * Bailey Road, Glen Forrest  27.8 km   15.2 km
 * Hardey Road, Glen Forrest                             29.0 km   11.8 km
 * Darlington  31.7 km   9.1 km
 * Boya                     34.0 km  6.8 km
 * Scott Road, Greenmount   35.7 km  5.1 km
 * RSL Hall, Bellevue              35.7 km  3.3 km

Most road crossings on the trail have signs showing distances to the next number of locations or road crossings.

Cycling
As the trail is a shared trail – cyclists, horse riders and pedestrians share the trail – one route suggested by the Department for Planning and Infrastructure utilises part of the trail.

Information
An older pamphlet produced in conjunction between Trailwest, Bikewest, WAMBA, Mundaring Shire, DEC, and Lotteries West - Bikewest Mountain Bike Maps - Railway Reserve Trail - Midland-Mt Helena-Midland recommends a starting point of the Morrison Road-Pechey Road intersection in Swan View. It has a map, terrain profile, and a brief history of the two sections/routes.

A newer pamphlet produced by the Mundaring Shire  Railway Reserves Heritage Trail is linked with the new website.

title: Railway Reserves Heritage Trail


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Emre

Emre is a Turkish male given name and surname that means passionate, folk poet, brother and friend.

 * Emre Akbaba (born 1992), Turkish footballer
 * Emre Altuğ (born 1970), Turkish musician
 * Emre Aracı (born 1968), Turkish music historian, conductor, composer
 * Emre Aydın (born 1981), Turkish rock singer
 * Emre Aşık (born 1973), Turkish footballer
 * Emre Zafer Barnes (born 1988), Jamaican-Turkish sprinter
 * Emre Bayav (born 1987), Turkish basketball player
 * Emre Belözoğlu (born 1980), Turkish footballer and coach
 * Emre Can (born 1994), German-Turkish footballer
 * Emre Can (chess player) (born 1990), Turkish Grandmaster chess player
 * Emre Çolak (born 1991), Turkish footballer
 * Emre Elivar (born 1976), Turkish concert pianist
 * Emre Gönensay (born 1937), Turkish politician
 * Emre Güngör (born 1984), Turkish footballer
 * Emre Güral (born 1989), Turkish footballer
 * Emre Gürbüz (born 1991), Turkish footballer
 * Emre İşçiler (born 1989), Turkish footballer
 * Emre Kartari, Turkish jazz percussionist
 * Emre Kongar (born 1941), Turkish social scientist, writer and author
 * Emre Korkmaz (born 1986), Turkish actor
 * Emre Kızılkaya (born 1982), Turkish journalist
 * Emre Miyasoğlu (born 1981), Turkish writer
 * Emre Nefiz (born 1994), Turkish footballer
 * Emre Ozdemir (born 1981), Turkish editorial cartoonist and illustrator
 * Emre Özkan (born 1988), Turkish footballer
 * Emre Öztürk (footballer) (born 1986), German footballer
 * Emre Sabuncuoğlu (born 1976), Turkish classical guitarist
 * Emre Sahin, Turkish director
 * Emre Şimşek (born 1987), Turkish alpine skier
 * Emre Taner (born 1942), Turkish civil servant
 * Emre Torun (born 1993), Turkish footballer
 * Emre Ünver (born 1981), Dutch politician
 * Emre Vefa Göktaş (born 2001), Turkish karateka
 * Emre Yüksektepe (born 1991), Turkish footballer
 * Yusuf Emre Fırat (born 2000), Turkish cross-country skier
 * Fictional characters
 * Emre Ogan, a character in The Promise (2016)

title: Emre


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Talk:DCEThreads

User 81.130.67.232 wrote:

(POV check: tell me about it!! i'll think of something, plus some reference info from the source code to back up my "POV", another time.  if anyone themselves wants to check, see http://sf.net/projects/freedce and also using google perhaps it may be of help to see the Wine-devel mailing lists on winehq, searching for FreeDCE, DCOM and lkcl as keywords)

 * I've added some comments on your talk page. Richard W.M. Jones 13:13, 27 August 2005 (UTC)

richard, hi, thank you. yes i decided to register because i couldn't stop writing, last night, as you might have noticed, and appear to have landed myself quite a task.

thanks for the advice.

okay. loic domaigne is the guy to contact regarding DCEthreads. he is like... a major expert on different kinds of threading implementations, and he did the AMD64 port for example, and he understands NPTL, and, and :) i'll see if i can get him involved. l.

title: Talk:DCEThreads


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Rodney Hogg

Rodney Malcolm Hogg (born 5 March 1951) is an Australian former cricketer. He was a fast bowler. Hogg played in 38 Test matches and 71 One Day Internationals between 1978 and 1985. In Tests he took 123 wickets at an average of 28.47. He is best remembered for taking 41 wickets in his first six tests during the 1978–79 Ashes.

Early life and career
Hogg was born in Melbourne and grew up in the suburb of Thornbury. An only child, his father was a primary school teacher who encouraged Hogg's interest in cricket. Hogg had asthma as a child and battled it through his career.

Hogg attended Northcote State School. He started out as a batsman, once representing Victoria's Under-14 side against Queensland, before switching to be an aggressive fast bowler. He made his grade cricket debut for Northcote in 1967–68, where his teammates included Gary Cosier. That summer he continued to bat in the middle order and his average was 71. In 1968-69 he played for a combined Melbourne High Schools team against Melbourne Public Schools opening the bowling. An Age article in December 1969 called him "a consistent wicket taker with the new ball."

By February 1970 Hogg was in the Victorian state squad. That month he was ordered to stop bowling in a game against North Melbourne after running on the pitch.

Hogg played for Victorian Colts in 1971-72 and 1972–73. In 1971-72 he took part in a 134 run partnership with Northcote captain Bill Lawry in a game against Richmond.

Hogg was never able to break into the Victorian side. There were a number of reasons for this including erratic form, a back injury, and being drafted into the army when he was twenty (where he worked as a dental assistant). In December 1972 Hogg asked to be dropped down to the Northcote Seconds due to poor form. "His attitude has had the club concerned," wrote The Age.

Hogg had to withdraw from the Victorian Colts team in December 1974 because he was unable to get leave from his job. In September 1974 he was named in the state squad and received more votes than any other Northcote player at the VCA Ryder medal but suffered from injury and was not picked in the state side.

South Australia
Gary Cosier who had played with Hogg at Northcote had enjoyed a successful career in South Australia and in March 1975 Hogg announced he would leave to Adelaide. "I just can't crack it here so I've decided to give it a bash in South Australia," said Hogg. "I think the change will improve my bowling. I was a bit immature early but I'll eat humble pie and start afresh in Adelaide." By that stage he had played around 70 games for Northcote over eight seasons.

Hogg joined the Woodville District Cricket Club.

He was eventually selected in the state side and made his first class debut that summer, taking seven wickets against Victoria. South Australia won the Sheffield Shield that season, although Hogg's contribution was relatively minimal.

Hogg missed the 1976-77 season due to an ankle injury and poor form. Loss of players to World Series Cricket in 1977–78 saw Hogg mentioned as a possible test prospect that summer despite his lack of experience. He was unable to force his way into the test side – Jeff Thomson, Wayne Clark, Ian Callen and Alan Hurst were the preferred fast bowlers – but he did take 36 first class wickets at an average of 27 over the summer, including 10–124 for South Australia against Queensland.

1978–79 Ashes: Test Debut
At the beginning of the 1978–79 summer, a fast bowling spot opened up in the Australian side when Jeff Thomson told selectors he would no longer be available for international matches. Hogg took 4–43 for South Australia against the touring English team and leapt into test contention. He was duly picked in the first test. His first class statistics at that stage were 54 wickets at 20. Hogg's selection was almost immediately in jeopardy when, in a Shield game against NSW, he had to minimise the amount of bowling due to stomach cramps and an asthma attack. However he recovered to take 5–73.

Hogg had a magnificent first test, top scoring in Australia's first innings with 36, then taking 6–74 in England's first innings. However he could not prevent England from comfortably winning the match.

His figures were even better in the second test, taking 5–65 and 5–67. Australia's batting did not support him and England won again. Hogg won man of the match.

Australia's fortunes changed in the third test – the batsmen managed to score some runs, and Hoggs' return of 5–30 and 5–36 helped the team to a 103 run victory.

Australia's bowlers performed excellently in the fourth test, dismissing England for 152 (Hogg 2–36). When Australia scored 294 in response they had an excellent chance of winning the game. However England made 346 in response (Hogg 4–67) and Australia collapsed for 111. Hogg was then rested for a Shield game out of fear of injury. He returned to make his one-day international debut against England, taking 1–20 in an Australian defeat.

Hogg's incredible run continued in the fifth test, taking 4–26 and 3–59, but Australia lost the match. During the game Hogg had a confrontation with captain Yallop and left the field for an hour. Hogg asked to be not selected for the next international match, a one-day game, due to health concerns.

Australia lost the 6th test with Hogg taking 1–42. His 41 wickets in the series was a record for an Australian in an Ashes series (later broken in 1981 by Terry Alderman, with 42 wickets), and is still (as at the end of January 2021) equal fifth for any player in any series.

That summer Hogg was tempted to move to Queensland for financial reasons but accepted a job offer from Hindmarsh Building Society to stay in South Australia.

1978–79 vs Pakistan
Hogg continued his good form into the two-match series with Pakistan, although returns of 4–49 and 3–75 in the first test could not prevent another Australian defeat. Hogg was the centre of some controversy while batting when run out off a no ball. He smashed down the stumps with his bat.

Some strong batting and bowling saw Australia win the second test; Hogg had a comparatively poor match taking 1–88 and 2–45. One writer called it his "worst performance" at international level to date. However, by the end of the summer Hogg was easily the leading first class wicket taker in Australia with 76 wickets at 16.43.

There was controversy in April when Graham Yallop released a (ghost written) book about the Ashes, Lambs to the Slaughter where he claimed Hogg ran "roughshod" over him during the English series. "There was no way I tried to run roughshod over him", said Hogg. "I simply didn't get any support at all for field placings in the early Tests and that is why we had continual disagreements". Yallop said he didn't actually write the book and wanted the Hogg chapter re-written. The book was released regardless.

1979 World Cup
Hogg toured England with Australia for the 1979 Cricket World Cup. While in the country he and Peter Toohey participated in a double wicket competition.

He took 2–11 in a trial game against New Zealand and withdrew from the game against Pakistan with a bronchial infection. He took Geoff Boycott's wicket in the game against England but Australia still lost (Hogg's figures were 1–25). Playing Canada, Hogg was hit for four fours in a row by Glenroy Sealy, and he was taken out of the attack with figures of 0–26 off two overs.

1979 Tour of India
Hogg was expected to be one of Australia's main weapons against India on the 1979 tour. However he had a poor series.

He started badly, being ill with stomach cramps and was pelted with rocks and fruit during a match against South Zone.

He went for 2–85 in the first test, leaving the ground three times because of the heat and being no balled 21 times in his first 13 overs. He contributed some useful tail end batting helping Australia escape with a draw.

Hogg performed worse in the second test. He was no balled fourteen times and wound up arguing with the umpire and bowling a beamer. "Both Rodney Hogg and (Australian captain Kim) Hughes apologised to the umpire concerned and that is as far as the matter will go", said manager Bob Merriman. "However I will be talking to him... and I will seek an assurance that nothing of this nature will happen again". He finished with figures of 0–118 – the first time he had failed to take a wicket in an innings – with 21 no balls. According to one journalist: "What has happened? Can a man who sets records for wicket-taking in his first series be reduced to bowling to a wicketkeeper unaccompanied by slips, gullies or short legs? How can Hogg get no wicket for a hundred-odd in a Test? There is no single answer. But the major factor was the pitch. It got lower, slower and deader as the match progressed... There was a bit of bad luck... Hogg was not slacking. His teammates will confirm that he has worked harder on this tour than ever before. After the blow-up on the second day, Hogg realised what was at stake. He did his best to sort out his no-ball problem." Hogg continued to cause controversy in his next game against Central Zone. According to press reports, "Rodney Hogg cannot walk on to a cricket field in India without causing a stir. In nine overs against Central Zone yesterday he bowled 18 no balls, hit one batsman on the head, sent another to hospital with three teeth knocked out and was warned for running on the wicket."

Captain Kim Hughes admitted for the first time that Hogg was struggling for his place in the team. "It's something new for him and it will be important for us to see how he handles it," said Hughes.

Hogg's form improved in the third test with figures of 4–66 (including a spell of 3–14 ) and 1–49. In the fourth test he took 0–91, 2–103 and 0–26 in the fifth and 2–53 in the sixth. He took 20 wickets at 37.35 for a whole tour.

Reflecting on the series Kim Hughes said, "Rodney Hogg was disappointing. He took a long while to get to grips with the conditions."

1979–80
Due to his success the previous summer, Hogg was considered a strong chance to play in the reunified Australian side along with Dennis Lillee and Jeff Thomson. He ensured his selection with 6–95 for South Australia against the touring West Indies. He was one of only four non-WSC players picked for the first test against the West Indies (the others were Dymock, Border and Hughes). Hogg said, "I did pretty poorly in India, but that was in India, and this series is in Australia – so they've decided to give me another chance, which I'm very grateful for". He played in an ODI before the test against the West Indies.

Hogg's took 0-55 and 2–11 in the first test against the West Indies, with Hogg dropping two caught and bowled chances.

A back injury flared up, meaning he missed the next test, against the English side. He returned to national colours in a one-day international, taking 4–46 against England, then played the second test against the West Indies, earning figures of 0–59 in the first innings; Hogg's back injury recurred and he had to leave the field while Australia was bowling. Hogg dropped out of the Australian side for the rest of the summer. Hogg had been picked in the initial 18-man squad to tour Pakistan (which was going to be cut down to 14) but he pulled out because of the injury.

1980–81
Hogg began the 1980–81 season with injury worries. He recovered to take 6–75 against Victoria and was recalled to the test side to play the second test against New Zealand, replacing a dropped Geoff Lawson. (By this stage Hogg had taken 17 wickets at 17.58.) He bowled alongside Dennis Lillee and Len Pascoe.

Hogg had a good game, taking 2–29 and 2–25. He was also recalled to the one day side.

He followed it with 4–60 and 2–14 in the third test. He was kept in the side to play India, taking 1–54 and 1–24 in the first test and 2–100 and 0–11 in the second. He was made 12th man for the third game.

Hogg had enjoyed a strong summer – 42 first class wickets at 22.85 – and was picked on the 1981 tour of Sri Lanka and England.

1981 Ashes
He got into trouble in Sri Lanka after bowling beamers, but bowled well in early tour games.

He took 3–47 in the first test. However his back injury flared up again and his form fell away.

"He has a muscular spasm in his back", captain Kim Hughes said. "It's no use playing him unless he is... fit. It's no good if he goes into the match feeling that he might break down" There was discussion that he might have to be replaced on tour by Carl Rackemann.

He was replaced by Ray Bright for the second test but passed a fitness test and was kept on in the squad. He rediscovered his form, taking 6–87 against Northampshire and 3–10 in a one-day game, but the selectors persisted with Bright for the third test.

After taking 3–42 in a tour game he replaced Geoff Lawson in the fourth test. Hogg took 1–41 and 0–18. However his back injury flared up again and Hogg was overlooked for the fifth test; Mike Whitney was called up to replace him. He passed a fitness test which meant he stayed with the squad. He took 3–39 in a one-day tour game to put him back in contention for a test place. He took four wickets in a game against Sussex but was plagued with no ball problems and was ruled out for the sixth test. He took 27 first class wickets on the tour over all at 24.33 with his best being 6–87.

On his return to Australia Hogg was diagnosed with Scheurmann's disease, a long-term degeneration of the vertebrae. He missed the 1981–82 season.

1982–83 Ashes
Hogg returned to first class cricket in 1982–83, bowing in tandem with Joel Garner for South Australia. Twelve wickets against Queensland and 6–132 against New South Wales saw him discussed as a test prospect once more. Injuries to Carl Rackemann, Terry Alderman and Dennis Lillee led to his selection in the third test in the 1982–83 Ashes. He took 2–41 and 1–53, his bowling described as "brilliant".

He was kept on for the fourth test, taking 4–69 and 3–64. In the fifth he took 1–50 and 0–25. English captain Bob Wilis said Australia's fast bowling trio of Hogg, Lawson and Jeff Thomson was a key reason in Australia winning the Ashes. He took 49 first class wickets that summer at 22.85 – his highest tally after 1978–79.

Hogg was also picked in Australia's one day team that summer. He was injured in a game against New Zealand but bowled extremely well in that format throughout the summer.

1983 Tours to Sri Lanka and England
Hogg toured Sri Lanka with the Australian side. In the sole test he took 1–31 and 0–7.

Hogg was picked in the squad for the 1983 World Cup. He bowled seven no balls in a game against India.

1983–84 vs Pakistan
Hogg began the 1983–84 season as one of Australia's first choice bowlers. In the first test Australia went for four pacemen and Hogg took 3–0 in ten balls. His final figures were 3–20 and 1–72.

He bowled well in the second test too taking 2–43 and 0–11. Things were harder in the third, Hogg returning figures of 1–123.

Hogg's back injury meant he declared himself unfit for the fourth test and was replaced by John Maguire.

He was back for the fifth, taking 0–60 and 2–53.

Hogg was selected in Australia's one day team to play in the World Series Cricket tri-tournament against Pakistan and West Indies. He was the best of the Australian attack against the West Indies taking 3-29 (and scoring 21 off 18 balls). Other highlights included 3-34 against Pakistan, 4–34 against Pakistan. and 4–37 against the same team.

During the 1983–84 season, Hogg took 1–10 off ten overs in the McDonald's Cup semi final, helping South Australia win. This effort earned him the Man of the Match Award.

Hogg had taken 32 first class wickets over the summer at 25.43.

1984 Tour of the West Indies
Hogg was picked to tour the West Indies in 1984.

He had a good first test with the bat, making 52 (his highest first class score), but took 2–48 and 0–56 with the ball. He took 1–103 in the second test – a match best remembered for the fact that Hogg threw a punch at captain Kim Hughes on the field.

Hogg's best performance came in the third test, taking 6–77. A side strain saw him out of the fourth test. He was back for the fifth game, going for 0–67.

1984 India Tour
He toured India in the 1984–85 season, being one of three selectors. However Hogg returned home early due to a bronchial infection.

1984–85 vs West Indies
Hogg moved back to Victoria at the beginning of the 1984–85 summer. He had just become a father and wanted to be closer to his family.

Hogg was picked in the Australian side for the first test and took 4–101.

In the second his figures were 0–71 and 1–14. There was some talk Hogg might make a good Australian captain but Allan Border was appointed with Hogg as his vice captain. Hogg took 1–75 and 3–77 in the third test. He withdrew from a Shield game with a knee injury then took 2–96 and 0–40 in the fourth. That would be the last test Hogg played for Australia. He missed the fifth due to injury.

Hogg was back in the Australian one day side following the fifth test, as vice captain. He played the majority of games but missed the first final.

Hogg did not play in the World Championship of Cricket and was left out of the Australian squad to tour Sharjah in 1985 – Graeme Wood was appointed vice-captain instead. Hogg was also left out of the squad to tour England in 1985. He had endured a relatively lean season – 15 first class wickets at 43.53.

South African rebel tour
Rodney Hogg was interested in touring South Africa. He met with Ali Bacher in London during the 1983 Cricket World Cup. "I was pretty much in from day one," said Hogg. I was in my mid-30s, and the idea was that the tour wouldn't happen for another year or two. Had it been on in 1983, I'd have been less interested as I was still in the Test side and doing well at the time.... I was pretty happy with the money on offer. My career was pretty much over by then. Fast bowlers don't last forever. Prime minister [Bob] Hawke called us traitors. I thought that if it was okay for Hawke to trade with South Africa, it was okay for me to go and play cricket there."

Hogg signed up for two rebel tours to South Africa in 1985–86 and 1986–87 during apartheid times. This gave him a three-year ban practically ending his international career.

"I have no regrets whatsoever about going on those tours," he said in 2016.

The first tour he took 21 first class wickets at 24.52 with a best return of 5–83 and 13 one-day wickets at 21. On the second tour he got 22 wickets at 20.13.

Post-playing career
After retirement from first class cricket, Hogg was a bowling coach for the Victorian team working alongside David Hookes.

In 2005–06 he was a selector for Victoria.

On Australia Day 2012 Hogg sparked a controversy when he posted an offensive tweet about Allah. He later removed the tweet and apologised, claiming it was just a bad attempt at Australian humour.

Hogg's 2007 autobiography is titled The Whole Hogg – Inside the mind of a lunatic fast bowler. He said that former England captain Mike Brearley had a "degree in people".

In 1990, when Shane Warne made his first class debut, Hogg boldly predicted in his column in The Truth that Warne would play 100 tests and take 500 wickets. Hogg said he was sacked from the column soon after, but Warne exceeded the prediction, taking 708 wickets in 145 tests.

Rodney Hogg has been a regular commentator for Channel 7 in Australia and since 2001 has been working as a corporate speaker throughout Australia.

On West Indies' tour to Australia in January 2024, Hogg called them out as "hopeless and pathetic". West Indies Captain Kraigg Brathwaite responded back after drawing the series 1-1 at the post match presentation asking Hogg - "Are these muscles big enough for him?"

title: Rodney Hogg


text:
Jalapa, Oaxaca

Jalapa, Oaxaca may refer to:

 * Santa María Jalapa del Marqués
 * San Felipe Jalapa de Díaz
 * Jalapa del Valle

title: Jalapa, Oaxaca


text: Template:Yorkshire Ring

title: Template:Yorkshire Ring


text:
Santa María Jalapa del Marqués

Santa María Jalapa del Marqués is a small city and a municipiality in the Mexican state of Oaxaca. They are both part of the Tehuantepec District in the west of the Istmo Region.

The city
Jalapa del Marqués stands on Federal Highway 190, on the southern shore of the Presa Juárez reservoir. The city serves as the municipal seat and administrative centre for the surrounding municipality of the same name.

The municipality
In 2020, the population was 11,735 (48.2% men and 51.8% women). Santa María Jalapa del Marqués municipality governs the following communities:

 * Arroyo las Truchas
 * Benito Juárez Chica
 * Campamento de la Victoria (Quinta la Iguana)
 * Cerro del Chivo, Cerro del Marqués
 * Colonia Presidente Juárez
 * El Arenal
 * El Reparo
 * El Tamarindo
 * Granja del Ángel
 * Guadalupe Victoria
 * Guichiquero
 * Llano Grande
 * Llano Vería
 * Loma Bonita
 * Magdalena Guelavence
 * Peña San Juan
 * Pochotillo
 * San Cristóbal
 * Santa Elena de la Cruz
 * Solo Dios
 * Vishiñadu (El Palenque)

title: Santa María Jalapa del Marqués


text:
Hill figure

A hill figure is a large visual representation created by cutting into a steep hillside and revealing the underlying geology. It is a type of geoglyph usually designed to be seen from afar rather than above. In some cases trenches are dug and rubble made from material brighter than the natural bedrock is placed into them. The new material is often chalk, a soft and white form of limestone, leading to the alternative name of chalk figure for this form of art.

Hill figures cut in grass are a phenomenon especially seen in England, where examples include the Cerne Abbas Giant, the Uffington White Horse, and the Long Man of Wilmington, as well as the "lost" carvings at Cambridge, Oxford and Plymouth Hoe. From the 18th century onwards, many further ones were added. Many figures long thought to be ancient have been found to be relatively recent when subjected to modern archaeological scrutiny, at least in their current form. Only the Uffington White Horse appears to retain a prehistoric shape, while the Cerne Abbas Giant may be prehistoric, Romano-British, or Early Modern. Nevertheless, these figures, and their possible lost companions, have been iconic in the English people's conception of their past.

In England there are at least fifty landscape figures, the majority of which are in the south.

History
The creation of hill figures has been practised since prehistory and can include human and animal forms. Cutting of horses is common, as well as more abstract symbols and, in the modern era, advertising brands.

The reasons for the creation for the figures are varied and obscure. The Uffington Horse probably held political significance, since the figure dominates the valley below. It probably dates to the British Iron Age since coins have been found exhibiting the symbol. The Cerne Abbas Giant might have been a work of political satire likely of the Early Modern period. Wiltshire is a county with a large number of White Horses; 14 have been recorded. The figures are usually created by the cutting away of the top layer of relatively poor soil on suitable hillsides. This exposes the white chalk beneath, which contrasts well with the short green hill grass, and the image is clearly visible for a considerable distance. Although most of the figures are of great age, many are relatively new. Devizes in Wiltshire created a large white horse for the 2000 Millennium celebrations and in October 2009 celebrated this with an aerial photo of volunteers making the figure 10 for an aerial photo.

Figures must be maintained to remain visible, and local people often work regularly to restore or maintain a local landmark, though two cuttings of military badges at Sutton Mandeville, Wiltshire, are becoming lost. A map of Australia at Compton Chamberlayne, Wiltshire, was lost in 2005.

Similar pictures exist elsewhere in the world, notably the far larger Nazca Lines in Peru, which are on flat land but visible from hills in the area. However, these were made in desert terrain rather than on grassy hillsides, so have not become overgrown and thus have survived much longer without maintenance. The Nazca Lines were formed by removing loose stones from the lines to expose the whiteish underlying soil, which is not itself dug.

Terminology
Geoglyph is the usual term for structures carved into or otherwise made from rock formations.

In 1949, Morris Marples "half-humorously" coined the words "leucippotomy for the cutting of white horses and gigantotomy for the cutting of giants on rare occasions". Though neither word appears in the Oxford English Dictionary, the terms occasionally appear in print.

Construction and maintenance
Until recently, three methods were used to construct white hill figures.

 * The stripping method: where the soil is thin, the turf or soil is stripped away to expose the chalk underneath. This produces quick results but the figure needs regular maintenance, as it would soon become overgrown. This was a practice for hill figures but not as much for horses. The Laverstock Panda at Laverstock near Salisbury, Wiltshire was constructed this way in 1968 and is now lost. Traces of figures of this type are not usually found after the figure is overgrown.
 * The covering method: rocks are placed on top of the turf. This method is normally used when there is no underlying chalk, the chalk is deep or tools are not available. The maintenance for these figures is very high. There are several examples, such as the Woolbury White Horse in Hampshire. This method leaves no trace of the figure's existence when overgrown, as is the case of the lost Fovant Badges in Wiltshire.
 * The trenching method, which is by far the most common method of hill figure construction. The underlying chalk where some white horses are constructed is not near the surface, so a trench is dug and chalk from another site is used to fill it. The Uffington White Horse in Oxfordshire is the prime example of this method. This method is invasive in the hillside and allows traces of the figure to be seen even when the figure has been overgrown for many years, an example being the original Devizes White Horse, cut in 1845 and lost sometime in the mid 20th century, but rediscovered when traces reappeared.

The biggest threat to white horses and other hill figures is natural vegetation covering the figures. In the case of chalk figures, natural vegetation encroaches from the edges and can grow on soil washed onto the figure by rain. Water erosion can also be a problem on steep or gentle slopes, because rain can wash the chalk off the horse, or soil onto the horse. Larger horses are more susceptible to this. If chalk is washed off the horse, the horse gradually creeps down the slope; or if soil is washed onto the horse, it collects onto the lower edges and the horse gradually climbs up the slope. A solution is to provide drainage, either using run-off drains, as at Uffington White Horse, or a french ditch.

Since hill figures must be maintained by the removal of regrown turf, only those that motivate the local populace to look after them survive. Surviving ancient figures all have an associated fair or ceremony that involves maintaining them.

Unmaintained figures gradually fade away. Firle Corn at Firle Beacon, Sussex could be a lost figure. Its existence is suggested by infrared photography. If it is a lost figure, its age is uncertain, and unlikely prehistoric in origin, as only one figure in the UK has been shown to be of this age, the Uffington White Horse.

UK
While presumed to be of prehistoric origin, surviving examples may have been created only within the last four hundred years. Of these giants only two survive: one near the village of Cerne Abbas, to the north of Dorchester, in Dorset and one at Wilmington, Long Man civil parish in the Wealden District of East Sussex. Examples located at Oxford, Cambridge, and on Plymouth Hoe can no longer be seen with the naked eye.

The Osmington White Horse carries a rider (King George III) but is not considered an example of gigantotomy due to the name of the figure referring to the horse.

Cerne Abbas Giant
The Cerne Abbas Giant, also referred to as the "Rude Man" or the "Rude Giant", is a hill figure of a giant naked man 180 ft high, 167 ft wide. The figure is carved into the side of a steep hill, and is best viewed from the opposite side of the valley or from the air. The carving is formed by a trench 12 in wide, and about the same depth, which has been cut through grass and earth into the underlying chalk. In his right hand the giant holds a knobbled club 120 ft in length.

Its history cannot be traced back further than the late 17th century, making an origin during the Celtic, Roman or even Early Medieval periods difficult to prove. Above and to the right of the Giant's head is an earthwork known as the "Trendle", or "Frying Pan". Medieval writings refer to this location as "Trendle Hill", but make no mention of the giant, leading to the conclusion that it was probably only carved about 400 years ago. In contrast, the Uffington White Horse – an unquestionably prehistoric hill figure on the Berkshire Downs –  was noticed and recorded by medieval authors. In 2021, a sediment analysis by the National Trust indicated an origin in the date range of 700 CE to 1100 CE, surprising historians who did not expect it to be medieval.

In 2008, overgrowth forced a re-chalking of the giant, with 17 tonnes of new chalk being poured in and tamped down by hand.

Long Man of Wilmington

The Long Man of Wilmington is located on one of the steep slopes of Windover Hill, 6 mi northwest of Eastbourne. The figure is 227 ft tall and designed to look in proportion when viewed from below, and is shown holding two staves. The earliest record was made by the surveyor John Rowley in the year 1710. This drawing suggests that the original figure was a shadow or indentation in the grass, rather than the solid outline of a human figure. The staves were not depicted as a rake and scythe as was once thought, and the head was a helmet shape. Sir William Borrow's drawing of 1766 shows the figure holding a rake and a scythe, both shorter than the staves.

Before 1874, the Long Man's outline was only visible in certain light conditions as a different shade in the hillside grass, or after a light fall of snow. In that year an antiquarian marked out the outline with yellow bricks, later cemented together. It has been claimed that the 'restoration' process distorted the position of the feet, an assertion backed up by several who had been familiar with the figure before 1874, and also by later resistivity surveys. It has also been suggested that it removed the Long Man's genitalia, though there is no historical or archaeological evidence which supports that claim. A wide range of dates of origin have been proposed for the Long Man, but more recent archaeological work done by the University of Reading suggests that the figure dates from the 16th or 17th century AD.

Plymouth Hoe giants
Until the early 17th century large outline images of the two giants, perhaps Gog and Magog (or Goemagot and Corineus) had for a long time been cut into the turf of Plymouth Hoe exposing the white limestone beneath. An early and explicit reference was made to them by Richard Carew in 1602. At one time these figures were periodically re-cut and cleaned but no trace of them remains today.

Firle Corn
Firle Corn in Firle, Sussex is a nearly-lost hill figure which can be seen with the aid of infrared photography. Now looking more like a small ear of corn or a strange weapon than a human figure, there is a legend suggesting that a giant called Gill was once cut on this same hill and that he was considered an adversary of the Long Man of Wilmington not far away. According to one story, the giant on Firle Beacon threw his hammer at the Wilmington giant and killed him, and that the figure on the hillside marks the place where his body fell.

Homer Simpson
As a publicity stunt for the opening of The Simpsons Movie on 16 July 2007, a giant Homer Simpson brandishing a doughnut was outlined in water-based biodegradable paint to the left of the Cerne Abbas Giant. This act angered local neopagans, who pledged to perform "rain magic" to wash the figure away.

Other countries

 * Atacama Giant

Horse figures
There are 16 known white horse hill figures in the UK, or 17 including the painted one at Cleadon Hills.

Current figures

 * Mormond White Horse, on the south-west flank of Mormond Hill, about 10 mi from Fraserburgh, Aberdeenshire.

List of international figures
The horses in Cockington Green, Georgia and Juárez are all based on the style of or direct copies of the Uffington White Horse.

UK

 * Near Battle of Britain Memorial, Capel-le-Ferne, Kent (1993)
 * Bulford Kiwi, Sling Camp (1919)
 * Compton Chamberlayne Australia map, Wiltshire (1916)
 * Fovant badges, Wiltshire (1916-)
 * Lenham Cross, Kent (1922)
 * Shoreham, Kent memorial cross, Kent (1920)
 * Sutton Mandeville military badges, Wiltshire (1916, photographed, to be lost soon)
 * Whipsnade white lion, Bedfordshire (1931)
 * Whitehawk hawk, Sussex (2001)
 * Whiteleaf Cross, Monks Risborough, Buckinghamshire (earliest ref. 1742)
 * Wye Crown, Kent (1902)

 * Mormond White Stag, on the other side of the hill from the Mormond Horse.

Influence on other art forms
The white horses of Wiltshire, of which there are currently nine, have inspired other sculptures in the county. Julive Livsey's sculpture White Horse Pacified (1987) in Shaw, Swindon was inspired by the white horses.

In 2010, Charlotte Moreton created the steel sculpture White Horse for Solstice Park, Amesbury, taking influence from white horses.

The Westbury White Horse is depicted on a roundabout and mosaic in the town.

An 1872 sketch of the Cherhill White Horse was incorporated into an unofficial flag of Wiltshire.

The Town Flag of Pewsey, registered in September 2014, features the Pewsey White Horse at its centre.

Poetry and prose

 * The Ballad of the White Horse by G. K. Chesterton
 * The Scouring of the White Horse by Tom Hughes
 * Sun Horse, Moon Horse by Rosemary Sutcliff
 * Witch Hill by Marcus Sedgwick
 * Find the White Horse by Dick King-Smith
 * A Hat Full of Sky by Terry Pratchett
 * The Dark Is Rising Sequence by Susan Cooper
 * The Sandman by Neil Gaiman
 * The Language of Bees by Laurie R. King
 * The Westbury White Horse is mentioned in the novel The English Patient by Michael Ondaatje, but was not featured in the film of the novel.

Music videos

 * Alton Barnes White Horse appears, very briefly, in the music video for Staying Out for the Summer by Dodgy.
 * Cherhill White Horse features in the music video for Doctorin' the Tardis by The Timelords.
 * Uffington White Horse (in animated form) features in the music video for Sonnet by The Verve.
 * Westbury White Horse features in the music video for Breathe by Midge Ure, alongside a temporary figure of the sun.

title: Hill figure


text: User talk:Sheepdip104

title: User talk:Sheepdip104


text:
Maruthas of Martyropolis

Maruthas or Marutha of Martyropolis was a Syriac monk who became bishop of Maypherkat in Mesopotamia (Meiafarakin) for a period beginning before 399 up to around 410. He is believed to have died before 420. He is venerated as a saint in the Catholic, Greek Orthodox and Oriental Orthodox Churches, his feast being kept on 4 December.

He brought into his episcopal city the relics of so many martyrs that it received the Greek moniker Martyropolis. During his tenure as bishop he was a friend of Byzantine churchman John Chrysostom. Moreover, it was through this political connections he was able to act as an envoy and ambassador between the East Roman Emperor and the Persian Emperor.

In the interests of the Church of Persia, which had suffered much in the persecution of Shapur II, he came to Constantinople, but found Emperor Arcadius too busily engaged in the affairs about the exile of St. John Chrysostom. Later Maruthas was sent by Emperor Theodosius II to the court of Persia, where, notwithstanding the Magi, he won the esteem of King Yazdegerd I of Persia by his affability, saintly life, and, as is claimed, by his knowledge of medicine. Marutha therefore managed to negotiate a peace between the two empires.

He was present at the general First Council of Constantinople in 381 and at a Council of Antioch in 383 (or 390), at which the Messalians were condemned. For the benefit of the Persian Church he is said to have held two synods at Ctesiphon. A great organizer, he was one of the first to give a regular structure to the church, helped in his mission by the catholicos Isaac.

His writings include: He also wrote hymns on the Holy Eucharist, on the Cross, and on saints killed in Shapur's persecution.
 * Acts of the Persian Martyrs (these acts remember the victims of the persecution of Shapur II and Yazdegerd I)
 * History of the Council of Nicaea
 * A translation in Syriac of the canons of the Council of Nicaea
 * A Syrian liturgy, or anaphora
 * Commentaries on the Gospels
 * Acts of the Council of Seleucia-Ctesiphon

title: Maruthas of Martyropolis


text:
List of songs recorded by Patti Page

This is a partial list of Patti Page's recorded songs:

title: List of songs recorded by Patti Page


text: Category:French choreographers

title: Category:French choreographers


text:
ProDG (software)

ProDG (pronounced “prodigy”) by SN Systems is a suite of development tools produced for PlayStation 3, PlayStation 2, PSP, Nintendo DS, GameCube, and Game Boy Advance.

The phrase PRO-DG was originally registered as a UK trademark, but the hyphen was never used for a released version and the suite has subsequently been known as ProDG.

The suite consisted of console hardware-specific assemblers, a C/C++ compiler, ELF/DLL linkers, and a source-level debugger. The build tools could be controlled either from the command line or integrated with Microsoft Visual Studio.

The artist preview software tool, ProView, and Tuner, a profiler and performance optimizer, were also included in some versions of ProDG.

Compiler
From 2004 the suite included the SN Systems Compiler, SNC, tailored for specific hardware requirements, rather than a derivative of the compiler provided by the console manufacturer, frequently a variant of the GNU Compiler Collection. The SNC compiler was designed to improve code generation, reduce the size of debug data, provide console specific intrinsic functions and provide greater control in respect of program layout.

Linker
The linker allowed flexibility for object code management and the creation of dynamic linked libraries and overlays. It also identified and removed unused code and data.

Assemblers
Assemblers with additional, hardware specific instructions were provided for all processors.

Debugger
The debugger was designed for the specific target console. Windows are customizable and colour-coded and debug information was organized logically by processor. Multiple target views including CPU registers, memory, disassembly, source, local variables and watch points were supported. Also included was the colour-coded display of printf streams with optional auto-wrapping and configurable scrollback buffer sizes, as well as a templated registers pane supporting user-defined layouts.

Visual Studio Integration
All toolchain command-line switches could be added to the Project / Settings dialog in Visual Studio. Projects could be generated using custom App wizards, code could be edited, compiled and built in Visual Studio.

Visual Studio Integration provided a seamless edit/build/debug cycle including, access to all Visual Studio features for the project, such as build dependencies, browse information, and Intellisense features when editing C and C++ source.

Target Manager
Managed connections to multiple development hardware kits on a network, allowing simultaneous debug sessions and sharing between teams of developers. Target Manager API provided target control for writing plug-ins and custom tools

ProDG for PlayStation 2
The ProDG development tools were initially released for PlayStation 2 in 2000.

ProDG Plus for PlayStation 2
ProDG Plus provided additional game development tools and debugging features which were not available in the standard ProDG for PlayStation®2.

These included:
 * ProView – an artist and testing preview tool which used an IEEE 1394 connection.
 * A built-in debugger scripting language. This made it possible to customize the debugger type displays, add new debugger windows and extend debugger menus. The script window also provided an immediate-mode command-line capability from which custom debug functions could be called.
 * Tuner - a performance tuning tool.

In 2004 SNC for PlayStation 2 was released.

ProDG for Nintendo GameCube and ProDG for Game Boy Advance
ProDG for Nintendo GameCube and ProDG for Game Boy Advance were released in 2001.

In 2002, DevLink and SN-TDEV for Nintendo GameCube were released. Devlink was a high speed communication tool for game developers using ProDG for Nintendo GameCube, which helped programmers debug their code on the NR-Reader. It could also be used by artists and level designers to download artwork or scene data from a PC to the NR-Reader. SN-TDEV was used with ProDG for Nintendo GameCube to build, debug, view and optimise games. The ProDG for Gamecube is the only device which makes use of the second serial port featured on earlier Gamecube hardware releases.

ProDG Plus for Nintendo GameCube
ProDG Plus for Nintendo GameCube was released on 24 February 2003. It included Tuner and additional debugger scripting features, which were not available in the standard ProDG suite. Based on an image from the PRO-DG website, this was the only product to ever utilize Serial port 2 on Nintendo Gamecube.

ProDG for PSP
ProDG for PSP® was released in 2004, using SNC technology licensed from Apogee. It included the v2.0 debugger, SNC C/C++ Compiler and Tuner as standard.

The majority of North American launch titles for Sony Computer Entertainment's PSP® (PlayStation®Portable) were developed using the ProDG suite of tools. From a line-up of 24 game titles listed in the North American launch window for PSP, 20 were developed using SN Systems' ProDG for PSP® development tools.

In 2005, SN Systems won a Game Developer Magazine "Front Line Award" in the Programming Environment category for the ProDG for PSP suite.

In 2005, the ProView for PSP artist and testing preview tool was released, with USB and Wi-Fi connectivity.

ProDG for Nintendo DS
In conjunction with the Japanese software and hardware producer Hudson, SN Systems produced an official hardware development kit for the Nintendo DS and ProDG for Nintendo DS was released in 2005.

ProDG for PlayStation 3
In 2005 Sony Computer Entertainment (SCEI) acquired SN Systems, the world leader in development tools for videogames platforms. Following this acquisition, the ProDG suite was central to Sony's plans to improve the development environment and tools for PlayStation 3.

ProDG for PlayStation 3 was released in 2006.

ProDG for PlayStation Vita
ProDG for Sony PlayStation Vita was released in 2011. The tools were integrated with Microsoft Visual Studio and Windows Explorer and included Razor Performance Analyzer.

title: ProDG (software)


text:
Jean Dauberval

Jean Dauberval, a.k.a. Jean D’Auberval, (born Jean Bercher in Montpellier, 19 August 1742 – Tours, 14 February 1806), was a French dancer and ballet master. He is most noted for creating the ballet, La fille mal gardée, one of the most enduring and popular works of the ballet repertoire.

Dauberval was trained at the school of the Paris Opéra where he studied under the great Jean-Georges Noverre. He was appointed premier danseur of the ballet of the Académie Royale de Musique in 1763, and, in 1771, he was named ballet master. From 1781 until 1783, he was engaged as Maître de Ballet to the Académie, and in 1783–84 season in London's King's Theatre.

In 1783, Dauberval moved to Bordeaux, where he accepted the post of maître de ballet to the Grand Théâtre de Bordeaux, a position he held until 1791. In 1789, Dauberval created his most enduring ballet, La Fille mal gardée, in which his wife, the dancer Marie-Madeleine Crespé, who is known to history as Madame Théodore, created the role of Lison. (The role is known as "Lise" today.) Charles Didelot sometimes referred to as the  father of the Russian ballet , and Salvatore Vigano who in Italy, introduced dance-drama were Dauberval's pupils.

During his time, he was admired most for his ability to integrate dramatic action into dance.

Noted works

 * The Pastimes of Terpsicore (1783, King's Theatre, London)
 * Friendship lead to Love (1783, King's Theater, London)
 * The Slaves of Conquering Bacchus (1784, King's Theater, London)
 * Le Réveil du bonheur (1784, King's Theater, London)
 * Orpheo (1784, King's Theatre, London)
 * The Four Ages of Man (1784, King's Theatre, London)
 * Pygmalion (1784, King's Theatre, London)
 * Le Déserteur, ou La Clémence Royale (1784, King's Theatre, London)
 * Le Page inconstant (1787, based on La Folle Journée, ou Le Mariage de Figaro by Beaumarchais, Grand-Théâtre, Bordeaux)
 * Psyché et l'Amour (1788, Grand-Théâtre, Bordeaux)
 * La Fille mal gardée (1789, Grand-Théâtre, Bordeaux)
 * Amphion et Thalie, ou L’Élève des Muses (1791, Pantheon Theatre, London)
 * Telemachus in the Island of Calipso (1791, Pantheon Theatre, London)
 * Le Triomphe de la Folie (1791, Pantheon Theatre, London)
 * Le Siège de Cythère (1791, Pantheon Theatre, London)
 * La Fontaine d’amour (1791, Pantheon Theatre, London)
 * L’Amant déguisé (1791, Pantheon Theatre, London)
 * La Fête villageoise (1791, Pantheon Theatre, London)

title: Jean Dauberval


text:
This Is the Night

This Is the Night may refer to:

Film

 * This Is the Night (1932 film), an American pre-Code comedy film, Cary Grant's feature film debut
 * This Is the Night (2021 film), an American drama film

Music

 * "This Is the Night", a track on The The's 1993 album Dusk
 * "This Is the Night" (Clay Aiken song), 2003
 * "This Is the Night", a track by Jeri Lynne Fraser, on the 2007 compilation album Rebel Without a Cause
 * "This Is the Night" (Kurt Calleja song), 2012

title: This Is the Night


text:
Stanley Buckmaster, 1st Viscount Buckmaster

Stanley Owen Buckmaster, 1st Viscount Buckmaster, (9 January 1861 – 5 December 1934) was a British lawyer and Liberal Party politician. He was a Member of Parliament (MP) for most of the years from 1906 to 1915, when he was elevated to the peerage and served as Lord Chancellor under H. H. Asquith from 1915 to 1916.

Background and education
Buckmaster was born on 9 January 1861 to John Charles Buckmaster, of Ashleigh, Hampton Wick, by his wife Emily Anne Goodliffe. His father began life as a young agricultural labourer, and rose to teach chemistry at the Imperial College of Science and Technology. He was educated at Aldenham School and Christ Church, Oxford, where he took second class honours in mathematics. He was called to the Bar in 1884 at the Inner Temple. Beginning with a general practice on the Midland circuit, he eventually came to acquire a large Chancery practice. He was appointed King's Counsel in April 1902. The same year he joined Lincoln's Inn.

Political career
At the 1906 general election, Buckmaster was elected as MP for Cambridge, winning the seat from the Conservatives with a majority of less than 4%. At the January 1910 general election, he lost the seat to the Conservative Almeric Paget on a 5% swing. He contested Cambridge again at the December 1910 election, but made only a small dent in the Conservative majority.

Buckmaster returned to the Commons the following year, when he was elected at a by-election in October 1911 for the safe Liberal seat of Keighley in Yorkshire. He was knighted in 1913 on his appointment as Solicitor general, when he was comfortably re-elected in the ministerial by-election.

He was a Member of the Council of the Duchy of Lancaster and served under H. H. Asquith as Solicitor-General from 1913 to 1915. Buckmaster was also Counsel to the University of Oxford from 1911 to 1913, Director of The Press Bureau, 1914 to 1915, and a member of The Interallied Conference on Finance and Supplies.

Lord Chancellor
In 1915, Asquith was forced to form a Coalition government. The Conservatives insisted on the removal of Lord Haldane as Lord Chancellor, and after Sir John Simon refused the post Buckmaster was appointed instead. He was sworn of the Privy Council and raised to the peerage as Baron Buckmaster, of Cheddington in the County of Buckingham.

Buckmaster was Lord Chancellor for only eighteen months, resigning alongside Asquith in December 1916. His tenure was largely overshadowed by the war. He only appointed two High Court judges—Peterson and McCardie—and no new King's Counsel, on the grounds that junior barrister engaged in war service would be disadvantaged. Sitting judicially, he gave the decision in Cook v Deeks, a notable company law case. As a member of the Cabinet, he also took part in decision concerning war strategy.

Lord of Appeal
After stepping down from the woolsack, Buckmaster continued to sit judicially as a Lord of Appeal, except for a time when he left his judicial work to go into the City. In Bowman v. Secular Society he held that a company formed for the purpose of challenging Christianity was not illegal. In Donoghue v Stevenson he gave a dissenting opinion against the extension of the duty of care. He was highly regarded as a judge by his colleagues: Lord Birkenhead described him as "a consummate judge" and Lord Dunedin regarded him as the greatest colleague he had on the bench.

He later served as Chairman of the Governing Body of Imperial College of Science and Technology and as Chairman of the Political Honours Review Committee between 1924 and 1929. He was appointed GCVO in 1930 and was made Viscount Buckmaster, of Cheddington in the County of Buckingham, in 1933.

He died on 5 December 1934 in London, England.

Family
Buckmaster married Edith Augusta Lewin, daughter of Spencer Robert Lewin, in 1889. Their eldest daughter, the Hon. Margaret Buckmaster (later Pollock), was an author, social reformer and Labour Party activist. Their youngest daughter, the Hon. Barbara Buckmaster (later Miller), was the mother of the Conservative politician Hal Miller. Buckmaster died in London in December 1934, aged 73, and was cremated at Golders Green Crematorium. He was succeeded in his titles by his only son, Owen. Lady Buckmaster died in October 1935. His niece, Hilda Buckmaster was also active in politics, three times standing as a parliamentary candidate for the Liberal Party.


text:
The Fable of Elvira and Farina and the Meal Ticket

The Fable of Elvira and Farina and the Meal Ticket is a 1915 silent film directed by Richard Foster Baker. Gloria Swanson made her first credited appearance in this film as Farina.

Cast

 * Lillian Drew - Elvira
 * Gloria Swanson - Farina, Elvira's Daughter (as Gloria Mae Swanson)
 * Rapley Holmes - The Meal Ticket
 * Gerda Holmes


text:
Jalapa, Guerrero

Jalapa is a small town in the Mexican state of Guerrero. It is located near the Pacific Ocean coast, on Federal Highway 200 some 45 km east of San Marcos.

title: Jalapa, Guerrero


text:
Pantaenus

Saint Pantaenus the Philosopher (Πάνταινος; died c. 200) was a Greek theologian and a significant figure in the Catechetical School of Alexandria from around AD 180. This school was the earliest catechetical school, and became influential in the development of Christian theology.

Biography
Pantaenus was a Stoic philosopher teaching in Alexandria. He was a native of Sicily. He converted to the Christian faith, and sought to reconcile his new faith with Greek philosophy. His most famous student, Clement, who was his successor as head of the Catechetical School, described Pantaenus as "the Sicilian bee". Although no writings by Pantaenus are extant, his legacy is known by the influence of the Catechetical School on the development of Christian theology, in particular in the early debates on the interpretation of the Bible, the Trinity, and Christology. He was the main supporter of Serapion of Antioch for acting against the influence of Gnosticism.

In addition to his work as a teacher, Eusebius of Caesarea reports that Pantaenus was for a time a missionary, traveling as far as India where, according to Eusebius, he found Christian communities using the Gospel of Matthew written in "Hebrew letters", supposedly left them by the Apostle Bartholomew (and which might have been the Gospel of the Hebrews). However, some writers have suggested that having difficulty with the language of Saint Thomas Christians, Pantaenus misinterpreted their reference to Mar Thoma (the Aramaic term meaning Saint Thomas), who is currently credited with bringing Christianity to India in the 1st century by the Syrian Churches, as Bar Tolmai (the Hebrew name of Bartholomew). The ancient seaport Muziris on the Malabar Coast (modern-day Kerala in India) was frequented by the Egyptians in the early centuries AD.

Saint Jerome (c. 347 – 30 September 420), apparently relying entirely on Eusebius' evidence from Historia Ecclesiastica, wrote that Pantaenus visited India, “to preach Christ to the Brahmans and philosophers there.” It is unlikely that Jerome has any information about Pantaenus' mission to India that is independent of Eusebius. On the other hand, his claim that "many" of Pantaenus' Biblical commentaries were still extant is probably based on Jerome's own knowledge.

His feast day as July 7.

The Coptic synaxarium mentions "Pantaenus and Clement" in its entry regarding the return of the relics of St Mark the Apostle by Pope Paul VI of Rome on 15 Paoni  but does not assign Pantaenus any specific feast date.

19th century and modern study on Pantaenus
The Universalist Church of America historian J. W. Hanson (1899) argued that Pantaenus "must, beyond question" have taught Universalism to Clement of Alexandria and Origen. However, since it is now considered that Clement of Alexandria's views contained a tension between salvation and freewill, and that he and Origen did not clearly teach universal reconciliation of all immortal souls in their understanding of apokatastasis, Hanson's conclusion about Pantaenus lacks a firm basis.

title: Pantaenus


text:
William Gunn (cricketer)

William Gunn (4 December 1858 – 29 January 1921) was an English sportsman who played internationally in both cricket and football. In first-class cricket, Gunn played professionally for Nottinghamshire from 1880 to 1904 and represented England in 11 Test matches. In football, he played for both Notts County and Nottingham Forest as an amateur and played twice for England, scoring one goal in the inaugural 1884 British Home Championship.

Cricket career
Born at St Ann's, Nottingham, Gunn was a specialist right-handed batsman who occasionally bowled slow underarm lobs. He was an outfielder who was noted for his accurate throwing. His most successful season was 1889, following which he was voted Wisden Batsman of the Year. He joined his Nottinghamshire colleagues Alfred Shaw and Arthur Shrewsbury in the English cricket team in Australia in 1886–87.

In his Wisden citation, Gunn was described in the following terms: ...we think we are correct in saying that no batsman of the same height [6 ft. 2½ in.] has ever played in more elegant and perfect form. Even before he rose to his fame as a batsman, Gunn was one of the most brilliant fields in the country, and it was the general opinion of practical cricketers of his era that in the long field and at third man he had never had a superior. Gunn was a member of Alfred Shaw and Arthur Shrewsbury's team in Australia during the season of 1886/7, and averaged 21.8 in eleven-a-side matches, and 20.7 in all matches.

Early career
Gunn first signed to play football for Nottingham Forest. Gunn signed for Forest sometime in 1880–1881 and made only one appearance for Forest, in 1881.

In the February 1882 he signed for Notts County but had to wait until November 1882 to make his debut. This was an F.A. Cup first round tie, played at Trent Bridge, Nottingham against Sheffield. Notts County achieved a big win, 6–1. Gunn was 6 ft 2 in tall, weighed 12st 2 lbs, and had the ability to throw a football long distances, "establishing himself as the Delap of his day by hurling the ball inhuman distances... with one hand". At the time, rules for throw-ins were not formalised, but when his throws "repeatedly hurtled into Scotland's penalty area from well inside England's own half" in an unofficial match in 1882, he "forced the FA to change the law to [that of] ... today."

Wisden described his footballing career in the following terms: "For several years Gunn was one of the most brilliant forwards in the country at Association football, but latterly gave up the game, reserving himself entirely for cricket." Gunn founded the sports equipment firm Gunn and Moore in 1885 and became the first former professional cricketer to serve on a county club committee. His nephews, George and John Gunn, were both England Test cricketers.

1888–1889 season
Gunn, playing as a winger, made his League debut on 22 September 1888 at Wellington Road, the then home of Aston Villa. Notts County were overwhelmed by the home team and lost 9–1. To this day that remains Notts County' heaviest defeat. The team lost by the same score on two other occasions. When Billy Gunn played as a winger on 29 September 1888 against Aston Villa he was 29 years 300 days old; that made him, on that fourth weekend of League football, Notts County' oldest player. Billy Gunn appeared in one of the 22 League matches played by Notts County in season 1888–89.

1889 onwards
By season 1892–93, when Billy Gunn ceased playing football, he had made 28 appearances (three League) and scored 14 goals (one League). Even before he finished playing Gunn was appointed a director of Notts County Football Club in August 1890. In July 1920 he became the President of Notts County Football Club. In a series of reader's letters appearing in the 'Football Post' in 1920, a Mr. W. Dawson of Sutton–in–Ashfield, shared his reminisces of Billy Gunn: "The finest outside–right who ever played football. How he used to delight the Trent Bridge spectators with his delightful runs along the wing. He seemed to go from one end of the field to the other in about three strides." The latter observation obviously associated with his great height and resultant long stride. Gunn was also renowned – before the law changed – for massive one–armed throws from the touchline. He died, still as President of Notts County, on 19 January 1921, in the Standard Hill district of Nottingham, at the age of 63.

authors: ابوالحسن راجپوت

title: William Gunn (cricketer)


text:
Candy Loving

Candy Loving (born Candis Loving; September 4, 1956) is an American model. She was Playboy's Playmate of the Month for the January 1979 issue, which made her the magazine's 25th Anniversary Playmate. Her centerfold was photographed by Dwight Hooker.

Early life
Loving was born Candis Loving in Oswego, Kansas, on September 4, 1956, and moved to Ponca City, Oklahoma, at the age of three with her mother and four siblings. She graduated from Ponca City High School in 1974 and married Ron Prather. She then enrolled as a public relations major at the University of Oklahoma.

Playboy career
In 1978, the Playboy magazine began a yearlong nationwide Great Playmate Hunt for its 25th-anniversary publication. She was a junior at the University of Oklahoma, and working in a dress shop and as a waitress when she saw the ad in the paper. At the urging of her then-husband, Loving entered the contest and photographer Dwight Hooker shot the test photos of her. Seven months later the 22-year-old college student beat out more than 3,500 other models. Her centerfold came out in the January 1979 issue. That year, she took advantage of her celebrity status and moved out to California to pursue acting and modeling. She traveled the world as the ambassador of Playboy magazine  during the 25th-anniversary celebrations, taking a year out of college to do so. Promotional appearances included the National Press Club in Washington D.C., and hosting a men's fashion show. In 2001, the readers of Playboy would vote her the runner-up for "the sexiest Playmate of the 1970s."

Post Playboy
At the time of her January 1979 centerfold appearance Loving was a senior at the University of Oklahoma studying public relations. By 1981 she realized celebrity life was not for her, so at age 25 she re-enrolled at the University of Oklahoma to finish her bachelor's degree in journalism and later began a Master of Arts degree in human relations. She used the money from her work at Playboy to fund her studies. She continued to perform publicity duties for the magazine, including signing posters at car shows, and considering her career options. She later met Tampa Bay Buccaneers offensive lineman Dave Reavis when both were judging a beauty pageant. She followed him to Tampa in July 1983. Even though their relationship did not last, she remained in southern Florida, working in the healthcare industry designing benefit packages for companies. She is no longer married but has one daughter.

Filmography

 * Dance Fever (TV Series) (1979) as herself
 * The Misadventures of Sheriff Lobo playing "Herself" in episode: "Who's the Sexiest Girl in the World" (episode # 1.16), February 19, 1980
 * Woody Allen's Stardust Memories (1980) only in the walk-on scene at the end as Tony's girlfriend
 * Playboy Playmates: The Early Years (documentary) (1982) as herself
 * Playboy Video Centerfold: Playmate 2000 Bernaola Twins (Video documentary) (2000) as herself
 * Playboy: The Party Continues (documentary) (2000) as herself
 * Playboy: The Ultimate Playmate Search (documentary) (2003) as herself
 * Playboy: 50 Years of Playmates (documentary) (2004) as herself

title: Candy Loving


text:
Bookworm (disambiguation)

A bookworm or bibliophile is an avid reader and lover of books.

Bookworm may also refer to:

Arts, entertainment, and media

 * Bookworm (comics), a comic strip in the Whoopee! and Whizzer and Chips comic books
 * The Bookworm (painting), a 1850 painting by German painter Carl Spitzweg
 * "The Bookworm" (short story), a short story by Pu Songling
 * Bookworm (Tiny Toon Adventures), a character on the cartoon Tiny Toon Adventures
 * Bookworm (video game), a 2003 word-forming puzzle video game by PopCap Games
 * Bookworm Adventures, a 2006 follow-up game
 * Bookworm, an American radio show on literature hosted by Michael Silverblatt
 * The Bookworm (1994–2000), a BBC television programme on literature hosted by Griff Rhys Jones
 * The Bookworm, a villain in the 1960s Batman TV show
 * The Bookworm, a 1939 Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer animated short
 * Bookworm, a screenplay by David Mamet that became the 1997 movie The Edge
 * "Bookworm, Run!", a 1996 science fiction short story by Vernor Vinge
 * Bookworm, a 2024 film by Ant Timpson

Other uses

 * Bookworm (insect), a popular generalization for any insect which supposedly bores through books
 * The Bookworm (bookstore), an independent bookstore in Beijing, China
 * Bookworm, the codename of version 12 of the Debian Linux operating system

title: Bookworm (disambiguation)


text:
Jalapa, Baja California

Jalapa is an ejido in the Mexican state of Baja California. It is located at 32.46639°N, -115.19778°W in the dried-up delta of the Colorado River. It lies within Mexicali Municipality.

Its postal code is 21700 and its long-distance telephone dialing code is 686.

title: Jalapa, Baja California


text:
US Créteil Handball

US Créteil Handball is a French handball team based in Créteil, a suburb of Paris, that plays in the LNH Division 1.

Current squad

 * Squad for the 2022–23 season

Technical staff

 * Head coach: Fernando Barbeito
 * Assistant coach: 🇷🇸 Dragan Počuča
 * Assistant coach: 🇫🇷 Franck Chupin

Transfers

 * Transfers for the 2023–24 season

 * Joining [[Image:Arrow-up.png]]
 * 🇭🇺 János Stranigg (LB) from 🇭🇺 Fejér B.Á.L. Veszprém
 * 🇫🇷 Jason Muel (LP) from 🇫🇷 JS Cherbourg

 * Leaving [[Image:Arrow-down.gif]]

Results

 * LNH Division 1:
 * Gold: 1989
 * Silver: 1988, 1997, 2004
 * LNH Division 2:
 * Gold: 2011, 2014
 * Coupe de France:
 * Winners: 1989, 1997
 * Finalists: 1988, 1993, 2003
 * Coupe de la Ligue:
 * Winners: 2003
 * Finalists: 2004, 2008
 * EHF Champions League:
 * Semifinalists: 1990
 * EHF Cup Winners' Cup:
 * Finalists: 1989
 * EHF Cup:
 * Semifinalists: 2006
 * EHF Challenge Cup:
 * Semifinalists: 2003
 * Double
 * Winners (1): 1988–89

Notable former players

 * 🇫🇷 Joël Abati (1995–1997)
 * 🇫🇷 Stéphane Cordinier (1989–1993)
 * 🇫🇷 Hugo Descat (2007–2017)
 * 🇫🇷 Yoann Gibelin (2017–2022)
 * 🇫🇷 Benoît Henry (1999–2009)
 * 🇫🇷 François-Xavier Houlet (1986–1990, 1994, 1996–1997)
 * 🇫🇷🇨🇲 Erwan Siakam-Kadji (2014–2016)
 * 🇫🇷 Guéric Kervadec (1994–1997, 2002–2010)
 * 🇫🇷 Nicolas Lemonne (1998–2009)
 * 🇫🇷 Patrick Lepetit (1994–1998)
 * 🇫🇷 Frédéric Louis (1995–1998, 2000–2005)
 * 🇫🇷 Pascal Mahé (1985–1992)
 * 🇫🇷 Quentin Minel (2009–2016)
 * 🇫🇷 Pierre Montorier (2011–2014)
 * 🇫🇷 Olivier Nyokas (2009–2014)
 * 🇫🇷 Frédéric Perez (1988–1992)
 * 🇫🇷 Nedim Remili (2005–2016)
 * 🇫🇷 Mickaël Robin (2016-2021)
 * 🇫🇷 Philippe Schaaf (1989–1992)
 * 🇫🇷 Boïba Sissoko (2002-2022)
 * 🇫🇷 Denis Tristant (1988-1992)
 * Belgacem Filah (2003-2004)
 * 🇫🇷 Mohamed Mokrani (2015-2017)
 * Salim Nedjel (2003-2004)
 * 🇧🇦 Dejan Malinović (2014-2017)
 * 🇧🇦 Muhamed Toromanović (2014-2018)
 * 🇧🇷 Felipe Borges (2020-2021)
 * 🇧🇷 Thiago Ponciano (2022-)
 * 🇧🇷 Gustavo Rodrigues (2017-2019)
 * Bruno Butorac (2021–)
 * Dragan Jerković (2010–2013)
 * Igor Kos (2006-2007)
 * Venio Losert (2009-2010)
 * Zlatko Saračević (1994-1995)
 * Mate Šunjić (2013–2017)
 * Nerijus Atajevas (2006–2012)
 * 🇲🇦 Yassine Idrissi (2008-2009)
 * 🇲🇰 Pepi Manaskov (1991-1993)
 * 🇲🇰 Borko Ristovski (2014-2015)
 * 🇵🇱 Andrzej Tłuczyński (1984–1988)
 * Alexandru Csepreghi (2014–2018)
 * Eremia Pîrîianu (2005–2008)
 * Gorazd Škof (2013)
 * Victor Alonso (2015–2018)
 * Rafael Baena González (2012–2014)
 * Pablo Paredes Lapeña (2021–)
 * 🇷🇸 Mile Isaković (1988–1991)
 * 🇷🇸 Uroš Mitrović (2009–2012)
 * 🇷🇸 Dragan Počuča (2002–2004, 2013–2016)
 * 🇷🇸 Ivan Stanković (2011–2014)
 * 🇹🇳 Issam Tej (2017–2018)

title: US Créteil Handball


text:
Arlington Independent Media

Arlington Independent Media (AIM), formerly Arlington Community Television, is a nonprofit membership organization providing television production training workshops and professional production facilities, as well as the public, educational, and government access (PEG) cable TV channel on Comcast channel 69, and Verizon FIOS channel 38 in Arlington County, Virginia, United States.

History
The station was established in 1984 as Arlington Community Television offering residents of the county the chance to train in producing material for broadcast and to produce shows. In 2004, prompted by the approaching 2004 expiration of its contract with Comcast (formerly AT&T Broadband), the station began preparations to become a not for profit corporation, renaming itself Arlington Independent Media, and enabling a major expansion of its budget and offerings.

Operation
The Arlington Independent Media production facility is equipped with a three-camera television studio, DV-Cam portable production equipment, the Final Cut Pro non-linear edit system, and a four-camera mobile production van. All equipment is available to members who have completed television production workshops and intend to create programming for the Public-access television channel, and is used in apprenticeship programs run by the station to train aspiring documentary filmmakers.

WERA-LP
In December 2015, Arlington Independent Media launched WERA-LP, a radio station. An event was held at Arlington Independent Media where members and others celebrated the first airing of WERA-LP.

title: Arlington Independent Media


text:
Pierre Georges

Pierre Georges (21 January 1919 – 27 December 1944), better known as Colonel Fabien, was one of the two members of the French Communist Party who perpetrated the first assassinations of German personnel during the Occupation of France during the Second World War.

Life
Pierre Georges was born to a baker's family on 21 January 1919 in Paris. He fought for the Republican side during the Spanish Civil War until the end of the International Brigades in 1939. In 1940, Georges joined the French Resistance in the Francs-Tireurs et Partisans, at the time still largely operating by sabotaging German equipment in France.

On 2 August 1941 Albert Ouzoulias met Danielle Casanova in Montparnasse and was put in charge of the Bataillons de la Jeunesse, fighting groups that were being created by the Jeunesses Communistes (Young Communists or "JC"). He took the name of "Colonel Andre". Pierre Georges was made his second-in-command. The JC were mainly involved in propaganda, publishing tracts and clandestine newspapers, with minimal armed action. At a session in 15–17 August it was agreed that members of the JC should receive weapons training and should increase sabotage and attacks on occupation troops. There was some resistance, but with news of the execution of Samuel Tyszelman and Henri Gautherot it was agreed to take a more active role. Of the JC leaders, Georges became primarily involved in military operations in the Paris region, while Ouzoulias was more concerned with recruitment and liaison between the regions.

On 21 August 1941 Pierre Georges, who then went by the name of Frédo, and his companion Gilbert Brustlein, helped by two other members of the French Resistance shot and killed a German soldier named Alfons Moser when he was boarding a train at the Barbès station at eight in the morning. The killing was in revenge for the execution of Samuel Tyszelman for taking part in an anti-German demonstration. This was the start of a series of assassinations and reprisals that resulted in five hundred French hostages being executed in the next few months. In 1943, Georges was captured and tortured but escaped.

Five days after the surrender of Paris Albert Ouzoulias ("Colonel André") of the national committee of Francs-tireurs et partisans français (FTPF) called a meeting at which Pierre Georges ("Colonel Fabien") was assigned the task of forming a battalion of resistance fighters. Colonel Fabien organized a Free French (FFI: Forces Françaises de l'Intérieur) column that left Paris soon after the uprising in that city early in September 1944. The Colonne Fabien was to form the nucleus of a Free French force in Lorraine, which would be joined by volunteers from Paris and the eastern regions of France as soon as possible. The French state would have to accept the fait accompli of the Free French army fighting on the front, which would become a "great people's army".

Colonel Fabien was killed in a mine explosion at Habsheim, on the Alsace front, on 27 December 1944. Two other leaders died at the same time. This gave rise to various conspiracy rumors.

Honours

 * The former Place du Combat in Paris was renamed Place du Colonel Fabien in honour of Pierre Georges.
 * The Paris Métro station Combat was also renamed Colonel Fabien.
 * The French Communist Party headquarters, located at the Place du Colonel Fabien, is often so called.

Likewise, many streets in towns with communist mayors are named Colonel Fabien.

title: Pierre Georges