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Now 70s

Now 70s (formerly Channel U, Channel AKA, Massive R&B and Total Country) is a British free-to-air music television channel, owned by All Around the World Productions, available through Sky UK, Freeview and Virgin Media within the UK. It focuses on music from the 1970s, being the third decade-oriented channel in the Now portfolio, along with Now 80s and Now 90s & 00s.

Channel U
Channel U was a significant outlet not only for established artists, but also for those who are just starting out, helping the breakthrough for acts such as Tinchy Stryder, Tinie Tempah, Dizzee Rascal, Chip, Wretch 32, Devlin, Giggs, Skepta and N-Dubz. Its material "includes crude productions shot with handheld digital video cameras," and helps new musicians attract attention and build a fan base. According to its website, "the aim of the channel was to highlight to the public, the raw and unsigned talent we have in the UK, and give them a platform from which they could perform," and it has been successful in this mission, as suggested by the production and popularity of such compilation CDs as Channel U: The Album.

Many artists have expressed their loyalty to the channel in their lyrics; for example, in Lady Sovereign's "9 to 5", "Channel who? Oh Channel U, the ones who made me huge, like Katie Price's boobs!". Other artists to comment on Channel U include Kano, Ironik, Lethal Bizzle, Sway, Remi Nicole, Mr Wong, and Dizzee Rascal. Dan le sac vs Scroobius Pip criticised Channel U in their song "Fixed", as did Lowkey, who cited the absence of any innovation and the channel's lack of desire to take risks.

Channel U commissioned the first 'grime comedy', an animated adult sitcom named The Booo Krooo. The TV series ran for six episodes and focused on the misadventures of three young MCs trying to break into the music game, but often ending up worse off than when they started. The Booo Krooo was originally a cult classic to readers of RWD Magazine and came got the attention of the Channel U after being co-signed by Missy Elliott. The animation series was developed by Matt Mason and Alex Donne Johnson with illustrations by Julian Johnson, aka Art Jaz. Music publication Ransom Note said: "'Boo Kroo were essentially a proto version of People Just Do Nothing. After proving a popular feature in the magazine, Boo Kroo were given their own show on Channel U – which is how this video for the track (produced by Sticky) came about.'" In October 2005, the first annual Channel U Awards were held in London with live performances from its underground playlist.

Before he joined MTV to host the British version of Pimp My Ride, Tim Westwood had a show on Channel AKA, along with his other media activity. Following the success of the Westwood show the channel further developed its programming by licensing a lifestyle TV series, The Ballers Show, in 2006. The 30-minute show gave its audience the unique opportunity to see the real lives of footballers off the pitch and featured Premier League football stars including Jermain Defoe and Jermaine Pennant.

On 14 July 2016, the channel's founder, Darren Platt, died. In his obituary in The Guardian the newspaper stated that Channel U "forged a place for a genre that began its life ignored by the mainstream".

On 25 September 2020, it was confirmed that Channel U would be returning to TV on 13 November 2020 to promote the film Against All Odds. Due to technical issues, the return was postponed to 20 November 2020, and it aired for six hours on Clubland TV.

Channel AKA
The parent company of Fizz TV and Channel U went into voluntary liquidation at the beginning of February, 2009, before being purchased by Mushroom TV. When purchasing the two channels, Mushroom TV agreed that Channel U and Fizz TV should be rebranded. The two channels were rebranded as Channel AKA and Starz TV on 16 March 2009.

On 22 June 2012, Mushroom TV entered liquidation. Ofcom's television broadcast licensing update for May 2012, indicates that Channel AKA was sold to All Around the World Productions, who at the time owned Clubland TV and Massive R&B (now Now 90s) and had also acquired Greatest Hits TV under UltimateHits Limited. On 29 November 2012, the channel launched on Freesat but was removed on 15 April 2013. The channel returned to Freesat on 1 October 2015 alongside its sister channels Chilled TV, Clubland TV and Now Music, before being removed again on 12 May 2017.

Channel AKA and its predecessor Channel U have since been remembered for introducing the music careers of artists such as Dizzee Rascal, Kano, Wiley and Lethal Bizzle.

Massive R&B
On 1 June 2018, Channel AKA's slot was replaced with Massive R&B. (the second time an All Around the World owned network has used the name), now focusing on celebrating classic hip-hop & R&B from the 1990s and 2000s, and current urban music - from US rap to UK grime.

Total Country
On 1 November 2018, five months after Massive R&B relaunched, it was rebranded as a country music channel called Total Country, celebrating country music, old and new, from Dolly Parton and Garth Brooks to Carrie Underwood, Ward Thomas and The Shires.

The channel launched on Virgin Media on 8 March 2019, along with sister channel Now 90s. It was previously available via the red button on Clubland TV on the platform along with Now 80s and Now 90s until it was removed on 1 March 2018.

From 20 November 2019 until 27 December 2019, Now 80s used Total Country's slot since the slot that is normally used for Now 80s was used for Now Christmas, efficiently ceasing the channel's broadcast in the process.

Now 70s
On 27 December 2019, the channel was rebranded as Now 70s, becoming the third decade-oriented channel in the Now-branded portfolio.

On 26 February 2020, the channel launched on Freeview on channel 78, replacing Now 90s. It was removed from the platform on 26 May 2020, coinciding with Together increasing its broadcast hours, and returned on 8 July 2020 as an exclusive to Manchester on channel 78 and via Channelbox on channel 271 (connected TVs only). On 28 April 2021, it returned to Freeview outside Manchester on channel 76, replacing Now 80s, which became exclusive to Manchester.

As well as various chart shows (with former Radio 1 DJs like Mark Goodier and Bruno Brookes) and artist battles (such as Bowie vs Bolan, or ABBA vs Boney M.) based upon the music of the 1970s, the channel also features music from the 1960s in their Now 70s presents Now 60s programming block, in a similar fashion to how Now 80s had a 1970s programme block prior to the launch of Now 70s as a standalone channel.

On 23 February 2022, it was confirmed that Now 70s and the other three AATW channels would launch on Sky Glass in the future, although a specific launch date was not given.

On 20 September 2022, Now 70s closed on Freeview.

On 2 March 2023, Now 70s reappeared on Freeview as a FAST channel on Channelbox channel 271 alongside Now 80s and Now 90s.

On 28 November 2023, Now 70s will rebrand temporarily as Now Christmas for the 2023 festive season.

Presenters
DJs hired in the 2020s to present shows for the channel and record voice-overs links include:
 * Pat Sharp
 * Simon Bates
 * Mark Goodier
 * Tony Blackburn
 * David Jensen
 * Robin Banks

Criticisms
In June 2005, the channel was fined £18,000 by Ofcom for a number of offences, including the broadcasting of inappropriate material, using premium rate telephone services in programmes, and failing to ensure a clear distinction between programmes and advertisements.

title: Now 70s


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Little Grand Rapids Airport

Little Grand Rapids Airport is the airport serving the First Nations communities of Little Grand Rapids and the nearby Pauingassi First Nation, Manitoba, Canada. These two communities are connected to the more populated southern areas of Manitoba by a winter road which is only operational for about two months per year. During the other 10 months, this airport is the only practical way move passengers and goods in and out of the communities. The lack of roads and small size of aircraft, typically Otters, Grand Caravans or similar, makes it relatively busy compared to the population of roughly 1,500 served by the airport.

This airport in Manitoba is operated by the Manitoba Transportation & Government Services — Northern Airports & Marine Operations.

Its NDB beacon is 280 - 4B.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Little Grand Rapids Airport


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Hugh Findlay

Hugh Findlay (June 9, 1822 in Newmilns, Ayrshire, Scotland – March 2, 1900 in Fish Haven, Idaho) was one of the first two Mormon missionaries to enter India and initiated Mormon missionary work in the Shetland Islands.

Conversion
Findlay was baptized in Dundee, Scotland, on July 1, 1844, by missionaries from the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. He married Isabella Ratray that same year. Between 1847 and 1848, Isabella and the two little boys she and Findlay had together, James and Ephraim, died in what was probably a diphtheria epidemic. Both boys were under two years old.

Orson Pratt recorded the following about a case of "miraculous healing" involving Findlay in Scotland:

"I have a girl, aged three years, who had for eighteen months been afflicted with convulsive fits ... the child was fearful to behold, almost in continual convulsions by night and day. On the 25th of December last, Elder Hugh Findlay called and anointed her with oil in the name of the Lord and prayed for her, and from that day until now she has never had a fit ... For the truth of which, witness our hands, ..."

- James Davidson, Maria Davidson, Hugh Findlay

While in England, Findlay engaged in public debates with anti-Mormon ministers from other faiths. He was serving as a district president (head of the Hull Conference) in England when Lorenzo Snow called him and William Willes to serve a mission in South Asia.

Mission
Findlay and Willes arrived in 1851, seeking to build on reports from early members of the Plymouth Brethren that India would be a fertile ground for proselytization. However, almost immediately they were met by opposition from the established Protestant denominations, the press, and military officers and chaplains. Findlay labored first in Bombay (now Mumbai); Willes travelled up the Ganges to Simla. It took Findlay six months to baptize his first six converts. While in Bombay, he was restricted from all military areas (cantonments) and was forbidden to preach to military personnel. In April 1852, he moved on to Poona (now Pune), 90 miles distant, where he was eventually granted permission to proselyte. The local cantonment commander reasoned that "the less these people are opposed the less harm they would do." Findlay was eventually able to organize a branch of twelve members in Poona by mid-September 1852, a mixture of "European, Eurasian, and native." However, in October Findlay was asked to leave the cantonment. He found new quarters in a small shelter in Poona, where he continued to hold meetings with the branch. Several months later, he completed a chapel directly across the street.

After being banished from the cantonment, Findlay focused his efforts almost exclusively on the native population. He studied the Marathi language and spent considerable time discussing religion with a group of Brahmin intellectuals.

Findlay's brother Allan joined him as a missionary in India. Allan McPherson Findlay, a baker by trade, was born in New Milns, Scotland, in 1830, and was baptized in November 1846. He accepted Findlay's urgent request to join him in Bombay and Poona, without any official call from the church. He arrived on September 7, 1853, about two years after Findlay.

Hugh Findlay and his fellow missionaries ultimately found little success in India. He served in Poona and Bombay for several years, most of it alone. Brigham Young ordered the mission closed in 1855. Historians have concluded the mission's significance lies is in its failure to secure more than a handful of converts, in contrast with other missions at the time (in Scandinavia and the British Isles) that were extremely successful.

Emigration and settling Utah
Findlay completed his mission and departed Bombay on March 15, 1855. He and a few fellow Mormons emigrated by way of Hong Kong (where they baptized one convert) to the United States, arriving later that year. He married 23-year-old Catherine Ann Partington on March 25, 1856, in the Endowment House. Brigham Young performed the ceremony. The couple helped settle Riverdale, Utah, where Hugh made a living by manufacturing and selling matches. They eventually had nine children together.

In 1857 Findlay began practicing plural marriage when he married 16-year-old Mary Ellen Smith, with whom he eventually had seven children. In 1858, he became Riverdale's first school teacher, and in 1860 he joined a bishopric in Riverdale as a counselor. He was also at one time the president of the "17th Ward Silk Producing Society".

In June 1862, Hugh Findlay's 19-year-old brother-in-law, Jared Smith, was killed in the Morrisite War. Smith had been engaged to Ane Marie Dorthea Nelson, a 19-year-old Danish immigrant. The next month, Findlay married Ane Marie. They had three children together and raised them as if they were Jared's.

By 1864, Findlay was in Salt Lake City manufacturing and selling matches at a store on Main Street. An 1865 Deseret News advertisement noted he sold other products as well, including stereoscopic boxes.

Allan emigrated to the U.S. via Liverpool, England, sailing on the Ship Thornton to New York City. On the second day at sea, 26-year-old Allan married Jessie Ireland, a 28-year-old whom the ship's manifest identified as a spinster, although they had been dating for about ten years. They rendezvoused in New York with Allan and Hugh's mother (Mary McPherson Findlay), then headed west. Although they crossed the plains with the ill-fated Willie Handcart Company,  all three survived and made it to Salt Lake City.

Later life
In the Fall of 1869, Brigham Young called Findlay and his families to help settle the Bear Lake country. They arrived on May 22, 1870, and along with Henry Howell helped settle Fish Haven, Idaho, where he later served as Bishop. Ane Marie died in Fish Haven in 1872 at age 29.

In 1878 the church called him to open a mission in the Shetland Islands, an archipelago northeast of Scotland. He arrived on January 4, 1879, and on March 31 baptized the islands' first two converts.

On May 5, 1879, Orson Pratt (who was also in the British Isles at the time) received a letter from John Taylor, instructing him to obtain electroplates for a new edition of the Doctrine & Covenants. Findlay and three other men helped him divide the text into verses and supply references.

While in Shetland he was asked to preside over the Scotland Mission. One history records:

"He had no money with which to pay his steamboat passage to Scotland, but, true to his unwavering faith, he packed his suitcase, ready to obey, and walked toward the wharf where he was to sail. As he passed the post office, he asked for his mail and received a letter from a strange lady who wrote him of her interest in articles he had written for the Millennial Star and enclosed for him a five-pound note which was equal to about twenty-five dollars in American money."

He was released as president of the Scotland Mission in 1880. He returned to his families in Fish Haven, where he served as a Patriarch until his death on March 2, 1900.

title: Hugh Findlay


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Fletcher FU-24

The Fletcher FU-24 is an agricultural aircraft made in New Zealand. Being one of the first aircraft designed for aerial topdressing, the Fletcher has also been used for other aerial applications as a utility aircraft, and for sky diving.

Design and development
In the early 1950s New Zealand topdressing operators were in the U.S. seeking a replacement for war surplus De Havilland Tiger Moths which formed the backbone of the industry. To answer the New Zealand request US aeronautical engineer and light aircraft enthusiast John W. Thorp, working for the Fletcher Aviation Corporation, conceived the T.15 with design elements taken from his earlier T.11 Sky Scooter including an all-moving horizontal tailplane but with a wing design similar to that of his Fletcher FD-25 Defender. Further design work was carried out by Gerald Barden of the Fletcher Aviation Corporation under Thorp's direction. A group of New Zealand top dressing operators gathered a hundred purchase options for the design, now marketed as the Fletcher FU-24, off the drawing board and New Zealand farming company Cable Price Corporation funded the construction of two prototypes (one for static stress tests which never received a constructor's number and the second, c/n1, to fly) in the U.S. with the New Zealand Meat Producers Board acting as financial guarantor.

The Fletcher is a conventional low-wing monoplane with tricycle undercarriage, side-by-side seating in front of the wing and hopper and pronounced dihedral on the outer wing panels. A door aft of the wing's trailing edge on the port side allows access to a cargo compartment. The Fletcher's airframe is constructed entirely of aluminium, heavily treated to prevent corrosion.

FU-24 c/n1 flew on 14 June 1954 in the United States as N6505C, then was disassembled for shipment to New Zealand where it flew as ZK-BDS. This original prototype had a 225 hp engine and open cockpit. Prior to production commencing the design was altered to add an enclosed cockpit and more powerful 260 to 310 hp Continental engines.

The next 70 aircraft were delivered to New Zealand in kit form and assembled at Hamilton airport by operator James Aviation and later at Tasman Empire Airways Limited's Mechanics Bay factory under contract from a new firm, Air Parts (NZ) Limited. From 1961 full production was undertaken locally by Air Parts which later became part of AESL. It was during Air Parts' production that detail improvements and the option of dual controls were added, becoming the FU-24 Mark II.

After the 257th aircraft the engine was changed to a 400 hp Lycoming IO-720 horizontally-opposed eight-cylinder engine (over a hundred earlier aircraft were re-built and re-engined by the factory). In 1967 a PT6 turboprop version was built by James Aviation as ZK-CTZ, a 530 hp Garrett TPE 331-powered version followed in 1968 and a 665 hp Garrett-powered version in 1971, both for Robertson Air Service. Several others were converted aftermarket with these or Walter turbines, (including the first prototype, which flew until recently with a Walter). Two aircraft were also converted to Garrett TPE 331-10 engines by the Scone (NSW Australia) operator Airpasture. These aircraft have since flown many thousands of hours without incident.

In the mid 1990s operator Fieldair experimented with a turbocharged small block Chevrolet 402 V-8 producing 550 hp, although the project was cancelled before it flew, and in the early 2000s Super Air flew a Fletcher powered by a 550 hp Ford V-8 diesel which was replaced by a Walter turbine after trials were completed. In 2018 another Fletcher was fitted with a RED A03/V12 diesel engine and trials are ongoing as of 2022.

At least nineteen different engines have been fitted to the Fletcher.

In the mid 1970s, Pacific Aerospace decided the Fletcher design was reaching the limits of redevelopment and introduced the larger and stronger PAC Cresco. Despite the similar appearance this is a new aircraft, though sharing a few components. For several years production of the two continued side by side, but the type is now effectively out of production, (new Fletchers remain nominally available from the manufacturer, but no new aircraft have been built since a batch of five for Syria was completed in 1992).

Although Fletcher was the name of the manufacturer in the U.S. and the aircraft was called the FU-24, over time the type has become colloquially known as the Fletcher.

Fletchers have been sold to most parts of the world, although they are rare in Europe and the US. Government orders came from many developing countries including Iraq, Sudan, Syria and Thailand.

Variants

 * FU-24 : Single-seat agricultural top dressing aircraft.
 * FU-24A Utility : Six-seat utility transport aircraft. One prototype built in the United States.
 * FU-24-1060 : James Aviation turbine conversion with a 500 hp Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A-20. One built.
 * FU-24-1160 : Robertson Air Service turbine conversion with a 530 hp Garrett TPE331-57A. One built.
 * FU-24-1284 : Robertson Air Service turbine conversion with a 665 hp Garrett TPE331-101A. One built.
 * FU-24-950 : Two-seat agricultural top dressing aircraft. Also known as the Task Master in the United States.
 * FU-24-954 : Improved version of the -954.
 * Pegasus 1 : proposed military version developed by Frontier Aerospace, of Long Beach, California, not built.
 * Fletcher Falcon : Wanganui Aero Work conversion with Lycoming LTP101 engine and Cresco wing and main landing gear. One built.
 * Fletcher FU24-550GT Crusader : Flight Care of Napier conversion fitted with 550 hp Pratt & Whitney PT6A-15AG. One built.

Operators

 * Mount Cook Airline
 * Mount Cook Airline

Surviving aircraft
As of February 2022 36 Fletchers are listed on the New Zealand civil aircraft register, and 19 in Australia. One example, c/n78 ZK-BYC, is maintained by a private owner as an airworthy heritage aircraft in New Zealand.

Three examples are held by aviation museums in New Zealand:
 * c/n 72 ZK-BWV is under restoration for display by the Gisborne Aviation Preservation Society after having been used as a gate guardian for several years at Gisborne Airport
 * c/n 124 ZK-CRY is on display at Classic Flyers NZ in Tauranga painted as ZK-BDS
 * c/n 1001 ZK-CTZ, the first turbine-powered Fletcher, is on display at the Museum of Transport and Technology in Auckland

Additionally the remains of c/n 87 ZK-CBG are held for future static restoration by a private owner in Whanganui and the cockpit section of c/n100 ZK-CKA is being restored for use as a flight simulator by a private owner in Blenheim.

title: Fletcher FU-24


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Talk:Fletcher FU-24

"Reads like an Advertisment" tag
this was added without explanation some time ago. Article in fact contained several criticims off the aircraft (e.g. low sales), and no advertising material. To the best of my knowledge no Pacific Aerospace employee contributed to it. Added (?original research) critique that this plane is rather overpowered for usable space inside it, then deleted tag. Please before reinserting the tag, I suggest it would be prudent to;- -1 contact other editors of page -2 specify changes desired in detail, and what "reads like advertising" -3 confirm you have no relationship with a competitor or disclose it if you do and -4 best of all suggest what you think the article should look like instead of just slapping a tag on it.

Fletcher FD-25 Defender
To the user who has been editing in additions concerning the FD-25 Defender;

1. It would be more appropriate for extensive information about the Defender to be in an article about the Defender. Please feel free to write one :-).

2. If you are not confident writing in English, it might be a good idea to have someone to proof read your alterations before you enter them. If you post proposed changes to the Fletcher article on this page, I am happy to proof read them

3. Please don't delete links unless you are very sure they are broken. Winstonwolfe 03:52, 19 December 2006 (UTC)

title: Talk:Fletcher FU-24


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William d'Aubigny (Brito)

William d'Aubigny (d. after 1148), was an itinerant justice under King Henry I of England. He was commonly known by the appellation Brito.

William was a son of Main d'Aubigny, Breton lord of Saint-Aubin-d'Aubigné (now in Ille-et-Vilaine department) and Adelaïde de Bohun, daughter of Humphrey with the Beard. He fought at the Battle of Tinchebray (1106) and was high in Henry I's favor. He was allowed to marry Cecily, the elder daughter of Roger Bigod, sheriff of Norfolk. Through her, he acquired a part of the honour of Belvoir in Leicestershire – his castle became the centre of the family estates – after his mother-in-law, who had been the heir of Robert de Todeni, lord of Belvoir, died about 1130.

The couple had four or five sons and two daughters. His heir was William, who married Maud Fitz Robert, daughter of Robert Fitz Richard. William d'Aubigny, a Magna Carta surety, was their son – his grandson.

His daughter Matildis married Gille Brigte, Earl of Strathearn.

After the death of King Henry I in 1135, William was and remained a loyal supporter of King Stephen, who presumably confirmed him in succession of Belvoir which passed to his son William.

title: William d'Aubigny (Brito)


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Loutsa

Loutsa (Greek Λούτσα, plural Loutses) may refer to the following places in Greece:

 * Loutsa, old name of Artemida, East Attica
 * Loutsa, Euboea, a settlement in the municipal unit of Dirfys, Euboea
 * Loutsa, Preveza, a community of Fanari, Preveza regional unit
 * Loutses, a village in the municipal unit of Thinali, Corfu

title: Loutsa


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James Thrash

James Ray Thrash (born April 28, 1975) is a retired American football wide receiver. He was signed by the Philadelphia Eagles as an undrafted free agent in 1997. He played college football at Missouri Southern State University.

Thrash also played for the Washington Redskins. He currently works on the Commanders' player development staff.

Early years
Thrash graduated from Wewoka High School in Wewoka, Oklahoma.

Professional career
Thrash was signed as an undrafted free agent out of Missouri Southern State University by the Philadelphia Eagles in 1997, but was quickly released and signed by the Washington Redskins during training camp.

Thrash played for four seasons with the Redskins before signing with the Eagles again. After three seasons with the Eagles, including two as their leading wide receiver, the Redskins traded a 5th round draft pick in 2005 to the Eagles to bring him back to Washington. The pick later became defensive end Trent Cole.

The Redskins released Thrash on June 12, 2009 after he failed his physical due to a neck injury.

After retirement
Since retiring from the NFL, Thrash has worked on Christian evangelism, and has spoken at numerous churches. He is also a coach for the NVHAA Centurions in Manassas, Virginia. Most recently Thrash has joined the No More Organization to combat domestic violence and sexual assault. James Thrash has been appointed as an appeals officer by the NFL since 2015.

title: James Thrash


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Glen Drover

Glen Drover (born May 25, 1969) is a Canadian heavy metal guitarist from Ottawa, Ontario. He is best known as the former lead guitarist of Megadeth and King Diamond, along with his brother Shawn Drover who also performed with Megadeth.

History
Glen Drover began playing guitar as a child, and was joined at age 10 by his brother Shawn on drums. The Drover brothers formed the band Eidolon in 1993, releasing seven albums to date.

King Diamond (1998–2001)
In 1998, Drover joined King Diamond, completed two North American tours, and appeared on the House of God album.

Megadeth (2004–2008)
In October 2004, Drover joined the heavy metal band Megadeth, bringing along his brother Shawn. Following an extensive world tour, Drover contributed to Megadeth's 2007 release, United Abominations as the lead guitarist and with co-writing credits for one song.

In January 2008 Drover left Megadeth to focus on family life; the constant touring was starting to have a negative effect on him. His last show with Megadeth was on November 18, 2007, in Brisbane, Australia. Commenting on leaving the band, Drover said "I am aware of the rumors that I left Megadeth to focus on family life and my family life has always been my priority. In the end, I was unhappy with the situation, which magnified me wanting to spend more time with my family and realizing that it's time for me to move on to the next chapter in my musical career, I have a lot of great memories and met a ton of great people along the way, both fans and people in the industry."

Metalusion (2008–2011)
Drover recorded a ten-track instrumental CD. The album, titled Metalusion, was recorded sporadically over a 2-plus-year period. It was released on April 5, 2011. The album contained cover versions of songs from Al Di Meola, Jean Luc Ponty, Frank Zappa, as well as original material written by members Jim Gilmour and Paul Yee.

Testament (2008, 2010)
On October 22, 2008, Testament announced that they had recruited Drover to fill in on their upcoming Mexican tour dates with Judas Priest, due to Alex Skolnick's prior commitment to the Trans-Siberian Orchestra. Also in March 2010, while he was trying to finally finish his album, Drover played with Testament on the Megadeth, Testament, Exodus tour in the US and Canada, due to Skolnick being away again during this time.

Queensrÿche (2012–2013)
After lead singer Geoff Tate was fired from the band Queensrÿche in June 2012, Tate announced his own lineup on September 1, 2012, which included Drover, but on November 23, 2012, Drover left the band, stating: "I was very excited about doing this gig initially, but learned in the past week or so that it's in my best interest not to do this right now. (...) I sincerely wish Geoff and the band all the luck on what they do in the future." Drover would later explain that: "[t]he musical direction of where Geoff wanted to go wasn't what I wanted to go forward with. I'm more into the first five Queensrÿche albums, the original template of the band. For me, when I think of the band, I think of those records."

Walls of Blood (2014–present)
In 2014, Drover collaborated with Todd La Torre on a single called "Discordia". The song made the iTunes Top 100 Heavy Metal Songs upon its release and was later included as the second track of Imperium, the debut album of Drover's current project Walls of Blood.

Bands

 * Eidolon: 1993–2007
 * King Diamond: 1998–2000
 * Megadeth: 2004–2008
 * Testament: October 2008 and March 2010 (touring)
 * Geoff Tate: January–November 2012
 * Withering Scorn: 2023–present

Eidolon

 * Sacred Shrine (1995)
 * Zero Hour (1996)
 * Seven Spirits (1997)
 * NightMare World (2000)
 * Hallowed Apparition (2001)
 * Coma Nation (2002)
 * Apostles of Defiance (2003)
 * The Parallel Otherworld (2006)

Northern Light Orchestra

 * Northern Light Orchestra (2010)

King Diamond

 * House of God (2000)

Megadeth

 * Arsenal of Megadeth (2006)
 * That One Night: Live in Buenos Aires (2007)
 * United Abominations (2007)

Glen Drover

 * Metalusion (2011)

Walls of Blood

 * Imperium (2019)

Withering Scorn

 * Prophets Of Demise (2023)

title: Glen Drover


text:
Talk:John C. Sawhill

Untitled
Well, since there is currently a copyright violation procedure taking place on the other site "john C. Sawhill", I`d suggest we keep it right here.

 * Copyvio has been purged. John Sawhill now redirects here.  Removing merge notice. R ADICAL B ENDER  ★  17:58, September 9, 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:John C. Sawhill


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Volvo Redblock Engine

The Volvo B21 is a slanted straight-four engine first used in the Volvo 200 series, meant to replace the B20. The B21 and all derived engines are often referred to as red block engines for the red paint applied to the block. The primary differences when compared to the B20 was the switch to a SOHC in place of the older pushrod configuration, and an aluminum crossflow cylinder head versus the iron head of the B20.

History
Initially the overhead camshaft versions were offered as optional equipment on the 240, becoming standard in all markets by the 1976 model year. The overhead camshaft motors were available in displacements of 2.0 (B19 and B200), 2.1 (B21), and eventually 2.3 (B23 and B230) litres. The B21 featured an 80 mm stroke, and 92 mm bore. In the US, the B21's power output ranged anywhere between 98 hp and 107 hp, based on variations in the compression ratio and was typically supplied with a B or M camshaft.

The engines are tilted approximately 15 degrees to right (exhaust side) to make room for the more complicated injection systems. B19 and B21 blocks can be identified by water plugs on one side of the block. The B23 blocks have them on both sides. The camshaft is driven by a toothed belt that is driven off the front of the crankshaft. The belt turns the intermediate shaft as well, which in turn drives the oil pump, distributor (on 240 engines and BXX 700/900 series engines) and the fuel pump of carburetor models. All single camshaft versions of the engine with the exception of the K series (B200K, B230K) are of 'non-interference' design, meaning that failure of the toothed belt will not result in engine damage.

In 1981 the B21FT (a B21F with a turbo) was introduced with a compression ratio of 7.5:1 mated with a Garrett T3 turbocharger and a T camshaft. Additional turbo variants, not offered in the US market, were the B19ET and the B21ET, based on the B19E and B21E respectively. The turbocharger increased power output to 127 hp for the B21FT, and 155 hp for the B21ET. 6.5 psi boost on the B21FT and 9 psi boost on the B21ET. Also new for the 1981 model year in Canada (previously introduced in 1979 outside of North America) was the B23, with a displacement of 2.3 litres (80 mm stroke and 96 mm bore). Aside from the increased bore size, the engine is identical to the B21. Volvo used a slightly different mold for the turbo engines to cast a boss for the turbo oil return line. Because a turbocharged engine has a higher operating temperature they used sodium filled exhaust valves and a thermostat controlled oil cooler (air/oil model).

In 1983 the B23 was introduced to the United States market as a B23F engine. Also introduced in 1983, the "intercooler boost system" (IBS) was introduced for the B21FT motors. The IBS kit consisted of an intercooler, appropriate ducting, a new fan shroud, new oil cooler lines and mounting brackets, and optionally an automatic transmission kit. IBS raised the output of the B21FT to 157 hp, slightly more than the non-intercooled European market B21ET's 155 hp. Canada also received the B21FT, along with a detuned B23E in 1983.

Midway through the 1984 model year, the "intercooler boost system" became standard on North American 240 Turbos. Additionally a bigger clutch and a stepped flywheel were included. Combined with changes to the fuel system in 1984 that boosted the B21FT's non-intercooled horsepower to 131 hp, the factory intercooled 1984.5 model horsepower rating increased to 162 hp.

In 1985 a revised, "low friction" design was introduced, dubbed the B200 and B230 (depending on displacement). Several components had design changes, longer rods (152 mm c-c, 7 mm longer), pistons with a lower compression height, lower friction bearings (smaller in size), a crankshaft with 8 counterweights (instead of 4 on the older Bxx engines) and a heavy harmonic balancer (aka damper) in the crank pulley. 1989 saw an upgrade to the crankshaft, with a relocated axial thrust bearing back to the number 5 journal, bigger main bearings, rods were enlarged to 13 mm from 9 mm in 1990. Also introduced in 1989 were 16 valve, twin-cam variants of the B200 and B230, dubbed the B204 and B234 respectively. The B204 was also available in turbo form in some markets (such as Italy) where large displacement motors were taxed heavily. It came in two versions: The B204GT turbo motor operates with a lead resistant lambda probe and generates approximately 200 hp. The B204FT has a catalytic converter and generates 185 hp. Both were the first redblocks standard equipped with oil squirters for piston cooling. Crankshaft, connecting rods and pistons were all forged. Exhaust valves were sodium filled for cooler operation. It has smaller valves and stiffer valve springs than n/a 16V. Crank torque is 290 Nm at 2950 rpm for the GT, and 280 Nm for the FT. Other differences from the normal 16V redblock engine are that it uses a remote mounted oil filter (Away from block on exhaust side engine mount) and a windage tray.

For the B230 engines 1993, piston cooling, oil squirting jets were added to help alleviate piston slap problems on the turbo motors. Another modification was to go from a square toothed timing belt set up to a round toothed timing belt setup which made for quieter belt running.

Although availability of the redblock was phased out in 1995 in North America, production continued in Europe until 1998 when the 940 model was discontinued.

Nomenclature
The B21, and related red block motors, were named using the following convention: B##X or B##VX. Where B stands for "bensin" (gasoline), ## stands for the displacement in decilitres, and X is an appropriate suffix. On the later low-friction motors, V denotes SOHC configuration (0) or DOHC configuration (4, for 4 valves per cylinder).

i.e. B230 (SOHC, 2.3 litres), B234 (2.3 litres, DOHC * 4 valves per cylinder * 4 cylinders = 16 valves)

The following suffixes were commonly used by Volvo:

(boost level was lowered because of taxes although only in some countries)
 * A - single constant-pressure type carburetor (such as the Pierburg 175 CDUS), typically with manual choke
 * B - high compression, with twin carburetor's, either twin Zenith-Stromberg carburettors or twin SU's.
 * E - high compression, no catalyst, mechanical fuel injection K-Jetronic
 * BxxET - K-Jetronic turbo
 * B2xxET - Motronic controlled electronic fuel injection, turbo.
 * F - low compression (9.8:1 on B230F, 9.5:1 on B280F, 10.0:1 on B234F and 10.7:1 on B204F), US/Europe version (F for Federal) with catalytic converter. Europe/APAC version, fuel injected (usually LH Jetronic or Bendix Regina)
 * K - single jet type carburetor (such as the Solex-Cisac carbs), typically with automatic choke
 * G - LH2.4 Jetronic but without catalytic converter, CO adjustment on the AMM (similar to LH2.2 Jetronic). Some models without O2 sensor, others with O2 sensor which requires regular replacement at intervals due to lead fouling. For markets in which unleaded fuel was rare in the early 1990s, e.g. Eastern Europe.
 * FB - low compression version of B230F and fitted with Volvo's own "tuning package" (9.3:1), consisting of the "531" cylinder head, VX3 camshaft, and better flowing exhaust headers. Power output 131 PS and 185 Nm. LH2.4 Jetronic fuel injection, for the European and Australian markets. Available as an option on 1991 and 1992 models.
 * FX - same as the FB but with the distributor mounted on the block (instead of the head) for use in the 240.
 * FD - essentially a B230F fitted with exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and Pulse air system for cleaner emissions
 * T - turbocharged, after E or F suffix (example: B21ET, B230FT)
 * FK - low pressure turbo, 1995 onward, not supplied in North America. Identical to the B230FT engine of that time but lowered boost level at 4 psi
 * FT - LH-Jetronic 2.2/2.4, turbocharger, 8.7:1 Static compression ratio achieved by dished pistons.
 * FTX - Higher power output B230FT, approximately 190 PS. (available through the Turbo+ package)

B17
Special version for certain European export markets (e.g. Greece, Israel) with shorter stroke than the B19, 88.9 x bore and stroke for 1784 cc displacement.

B19 Turbo
The 1986 cc 107 kW B19ET was sold in certain markets where engines of over 2–litre displacement were heavily taxed, such as Italy. The engine has the same stroke as all other redblocks, the smaller displacement is the result of a smaller bore at 88.9x80 mm. It is a very robust engine with forged pistons (made by Kolbenschmidt). The B19 later evolved into the B200 low friction engine.

B23 Turbo
The B23ET and B23FT motors were offered for two years only in the 1983 and 1984 Volvo 700 series. Both the B23ET and B23FT are somewhat unusual in the 700 series, as they were the only turbo motors offered in the 700 series with a block mounted distributor, forged pistons and a forged crankshaft. The B23ET was the only redblock known to be equipped with a small coolant passage version of the higher flowing 405 cylinder head, the FT had to make do with normal 398 head. As these motors predate the low-friction B200 and B230 turbos and are equipped with forged pistons and crank, they are often considered one of the most robust Volvo turbo motors.

16 Valve Variants
Introduced in 1988 for the 740 GLE (and later used in the 940/960), The 16-Valve Redblock motors were offered in both a 2.0–litre Turbo (B204FT/GT) and a 2.3–litre 155 PS Naturally aspirated version (B234F). The head was designed for Volvo by either Cosworth or Porsche. In addition to the 16 Valve head, these motors were equipped with twin counter rotating external balance shafts and the engine block itself differs from the 8V redblock. The block differed from the standard B230 in that the auxiliary shaft (used to drive the oil pump and distributor on models that had block mounted distributors) was replaced with an external oil pump. The 16-Valve head was itself a completely new design for Volvo: The head was of a multi-piece design featuring a separate cam carrier and lower section. The later "white block" motors can trace their head design back to the two-piece setup found in the B204 and B234. The 2.0 litre turbo variant was introduced for European markets with tax structures tied to engine displacement such as Italy. Unique to the B204 turbo was an exhaust gas pyrometer which was used to detect excessively high exhaust temperatures. When excessively high exhaust temperatures were detected, the fuel injection computer would enrich the mixture. It has a forged crankshaft, cast pistons, and 13 mm connecting rods.

Although a powerful engine for its time, the 16 Valve engine can experience some problems that can be solved easily. One of the few problems is oil pump gear problems leading to broken timing belts. The oil pump gear itself can fail around the mounting flange, or, more often, the weak 8.8 (grade 5) grade bolt holding the gear can break. It is strongly recommended to use a 10.9 (grade 8) grade bolt when replacing the oil pump gear. Another cause for timing belt failure is improperly adjusting the timing belt on engines with a manual tensioner (1989 to very early 1990 models only) or improperly adjusting the balance shaft belt. Because this is an interference engine, damage will occur if the timing belt fails. Another common occurrence is that the balance shaft's oil seals are prone to leak on older engines. New replacement sealings tend to start leaking again due to 'worn in irregularities' on the shaft itself. Many people have removed the balance shaft belt or the balance shaft assemblies altogether to prevent belt failure and/or leakage. The balance shafts are only there to lessen high rpm second order vibrations, and removing them will only affect high rpm vibrations. Once all the common problems are solved, the 16 Valve engines are just as reliable as their SOHC counterparts.

The recommended timing belt interval for these engines is every 50000 mi, or earlier if the engine is modified. It is also recommended to replace the crank and camshaft seals at every interval and to thoroughly inspect the tensioner and idler pulleys for wear.

Volvo Penta
Volvo Penta sold the OHC redblocks as marine engines as well, just like the older OHV engines. Depending on the model the displacement was 2127 cc (as B21), 2316 cc (same as B23/B230 automotive) or 2490 cc. The engines with 2490 cc displacement, identified as the Volvo Penta AQ151 (8 valve) and AQ171 (dohc 16 valve) models, got a forged crankshaft with a longer stroke of 86 mm together with pistons with a 3 mm lower compression height. The 2490 cc blocks still had B230 cast in the block. Penta used both the 8 valve and 16 valve cylinder heads. Both the 8V and 16V variants used the same engine block series, the 16V versions didn't use the different block like the automotive B2x4 with balance shafts.

title: Volvo Redblock Engine


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Category:Tajikistani musicians

Articles about musicians from the country of Tajikistan.

title: Category:Tajikistani musicians


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William d'Aubigny (rebel)

William d'Aubigny or D'Aubeney or d'Albini, Lord of Belvoir (died 1 May 1236) was a prominent member of the baronial rebellions against King John of England. He was one of the signatories of Magna Carta.

Family background
D'Aubigny was the son of William d'Aubigny of Belvoir and Maud FitzRobert and the grandson of William d'Aubigny and Cecily le Bigod, and was heir to Domesday Book landholder Robert de Toeni, who held many properties, possibly as many as eighty. Amongst them was one in Leicestershire, where he built Belvoir Castle, which was the family's home for many generations. He was High Sheriff of Warwickshire and Leicester and High Sheriff of Bedfordshire and Buckinghamshire in 1199.

Involvement in military actions
D'Aubigny stayed neutral at the beginning of the troubles of King John's reign, only joining the rebels after the early success in taking London in 1215. He was one of the twenty-five sureties or guarantors of Magna Carta. In the war that followed the sealing of the charter, he held Rochester Castle for the barons, and was imprisoned (and nearly hanged) after John captured it. He became a loyalist on the accession of Henry III in October 1216, and was a commander at the Second Battle of Lincoln on 20 May 1217.

Death
He died on 1 May 1236, at Uffington, Lincolnshire and was buried at Newstead Abbey and "his heart under the wall, opposite the altar at Belvoir Castle." He was succeeded by his son, another William d'Aubigny, who died in 1247 and left only daughters. One of them was Isabel, a co-heiress, who married Robert de Ros.

title: William d'Aubigny (rebel)


text: File:SLFATB.jpg

title: File:SLFATB.jpg


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Goytacaz Futebol Clube

Goytacaz Futebol Clube, or Goytacaz as they are usually called, is a Brazilian football team from Campos dos Goytacazes in Rio de Janeiro, founded on August 20, 1912.

Home stadium is the Ary de Oliveira e Souza stadium, capacity 15,000. They play in blue shirts, white shorts and blue and white striped socks.

History
The club was founded on August 20, 1912, after a misunderstanding of a group of boys from Natação e Regatas Campista club. They felt depreciated because a request to use a boat to travel at Paraíba River was denied by the club. They then abandoned the practice of rowing and founded a football club at Otto Nogueira's house.

State

 * Campeonato Fluminense: 5
 * 1955, 1963, 1966, 1967, 1978

 * Campeonato Carioca Série A2: 2
 * 1982, 2017

 * Campeonato Carioca Série B1: 1
 * 2011

City

 * Campeonato da Cidade de Campos: 20
 * 1914, 1920, 1926, 1932, 1933, 1940, 1941, 1942, 1943, 1945, 1948, 1951, 1953, 1955, 1957, 1959, 1960, 1963, 1966, 1978

Stadium
Goytacaz plays its home matches at Ary de Oliveira e Souza stadium, usually known as Arizão, which has a maximum capacity of 15,000 people.

Mascot
The club's mascot is a Native American of the Goytacazes tribe,  first inhabitants of the city, which are also the source of the club's name.

Rival
Goytacaz greatest rival is Americano. The derby is known as Goyta-cano.

title: Goytacaz Futebol Clube


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Talk:Markus Pröll

Untitled
This is a pseudo-attack page. It needs to be rewritten as an encyclopedia article and get rid of the POV. Right now, that would leave about half a sentence. Zoe 22:55, August 26, 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Markus Pröll


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Japanese postal mark

〒 (郵便記号) is the service mark of Japan Post and its successor, Japan Post Holdings, the postal operator in Japan. It is also used as a Japanese postal code mark since the introduction of the latter in 1968. Historically, it was used by the Ministry of Communications (逓信省), which operated the postal service. The mark is a stylized katakana syllable te (テ), from the word teishin (逓信（テイシン）). The mark was introduced on February 8, 1887 (Meiji 20.2.8).

Usage
To indicate a postal code, the mark is written first, and the postal code is written after. For example, one area of Meguro, Tokyo, would have  written on any mail, in order to direct mail to that location. This usage has resulted in the inclusion of the mark into the Japanese character sets for computers, and thus eventually their inclusion into Unicode, where it can also be found on the Japanese Post Office emoji. In most keyboard-based Japanese input systems, it can be created by typing "yuubin" and then doing a kanji conversion.

Of the versions shown to the right, the one on the far left (〠) was the official mascot of Japan Post between 1966 and 1996, while the one on the far right (〒) is the standard mark used in addressing. A circled yūbin mark is often used on maps to denote post offices. Other variants have been used as conformity marks inherited from the Ministry of Communications: for example, a similar circled mark was used for electrical certification of Category B appliances, contrasted with a triangle-enclosed postal mark (⮗) for Category A appliances, under a precursor to the Act on Product Safety of Electrical Appliances and Materials. The Unicode code chart, as of version 13.0, labels the "Circled Postal Mark" character (〶, U+3036) as "symbol for type B electronics". An enclosed version incorporating a sawtooth wave shape is used as a conformity mark for Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications regulations on radio and other electromagnetic wave equipment.

Encoding
The postal mark appears in the following encoded characters. Before the introduction of Unicode, the simple postal mark was encoded for Japanese use in JIS X 0208 (including the Shift JIS encoding). A mascot-stylised postal mark face was additionally included in some vendor extensions of Shift JIS, including the KanjiTalk 7 variant of MacJapanese, and become part of a standardised Shift JIS variant (at a different location) with the 2000 publication of JIS X 0213.

The ARIB extensions for JIS X 0208, specified by the Japanese broadcasting standards ARIB STD-B24 and ARIB STD-B62, includes a duplicate of the simple mark for use as a map symbol for a post office, as well as a circled variant.

Earlier editions of the North Korean standard KPS 9566, such as the 1997 edition, included both the simple postal mark and a version in a downward-pointing triangle, which was proposed by the North Korean national body for addition to Unicode in 2001. In response to this proposal, the South Korean national body requested evidence for the symbol's use in North Korea, noting that the Japanese-style postal mark is not used in South Korea, which uses a circled 우 (i.e. ㉾) for a similar purpose. A report from a subsequent meeting between North and South Korean representatives from ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 2/WG 2 notes that the North Korean body had decided to review the character before discussing it further, and it was subsequently removed from KPS 9566 in 2003, leaving only the simple mark. The version with an enclosing triangle was eventually added to Unicode in version 13.0, on the basis of established usage of both the circled and triangular versions in certification for electrical appliances in Japan, but also intended to correspond to the KPS 9566-97 character.

Emoji sets from Japanese cellular carriers included a building with a prominently displayed postal mark (in the simplest case, a postal mark enclosed within a building outline) as a pictograph for a post office; this was also adopted into Unicode in version 6.0. Although the most recent versions of Microsoft's Segoe UI Emoji also show a building, earlier versions from prior to Windows 10 Anniversary Update showed this emoji as a simple postal mark, appearing red in colour presentation.

title: Japanese postal mark


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Fernando Sabino

Fernando Tavares Sabino (October 12, 1923 – October 11, 2004) was a Brazilian writer and journalist.

Life
Sabino was born in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, the son of Dominic Sabino and D. Odette Tavares Sabino. He lived there until he was twenty, when he moved to Rio de Janeiro.

Sabino was the author of 50 books, as well as many short stories and essays. His first book was published in 1941, when he was just 18 years old. Sabino vaulted to national and international fame in 1956 with the novel A Time to Meet, the tale of three friends in the inland city of Belo Horizonte. The book was inspired by Sabino's life history.

Sabino also enjoyed commercial success with The Great Insane and The Naked Man, which were made into films.

Sabino considered friendship to be one of the most important things in life. His circle of friends included Hélio Pellegrino, Otto Lara Resende, Paulo Mendes Campos, Rubem Braga, Clarice Lispector, Vinicius de Moraes, Carlos Drummond de Andrade, Mário de Andrade, and Manuel Bandeira.

In the last ten years of his life, Sabino was distant from the media. Many of his close friends died before him. Two years before his death, Sabino was diagnosed with cancer. Following a prolonged illness, he died one day before his 81st birthday in his Rio de Janeiro home.

Partial bibliography

 * "The Soul of Music," "Tit for Tat," "The Girl from Ipanema," and "I'm All Ears"
 * "Sexual Inhibitions," "Prescriptions for Curing Passions," and "The Birthday Cake"
 * "The Art of Saying No," The Brazilians
 * O Grande Mentecapto
 * A Time to Meet
 * The Naked Man
 * "O Menino No Espelho"

"No fim, tudo dá certo. Se não deu, ainda não chegou ao fim." Fernando Sabino Translation: "In the end, everything will be ok. If it's not ok, it's not yet the end." Fernando Sabino

Filmography - Writer
... aka The Naked Man (International: English title) ... aka Two Edged Knife (USA)
 * Crônica da Cidade Amada (1964) (story) (segment Iniciada a Peleja)
 * Homem Nu, O (1968 and 1997) (screenplay) (story)
 * Faca de Dois Gumes (1989) (book)
 * Grande Mentecapto, O (1989) (novel)

title: Fernando Sabino


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Cistercian Preparatory School

Cistercian Preparatory School is a private school for boys located in Irving, Texas. The school follows the Cistercian tradition and offers a rigorous academic curriculum. Alongside a strong emphasis on character development and spiritual growth. Cistercian Preparatory School is renowned for its commitment to fostering intellectual curiosity, personal responsibility, and ethical leadership among its students.

History
Cistercian was founded by a group of monks from Hungary's Zirc Abbey, who had fled Hungary from ongoing Soviet pressure following WWII. In 1948, Cistercian secondary schools in Hungary had been closed and in 1950, their monasteries had been confiscated. Zirc monks began immigrating, with many of them ending up in Dallas, where they created a new abbey and found leadership and teaching roles at the University of Dallas. Cistercian monks had been involved in secondary education in Europe since the 18th century, and by 1962, they founded the Cistercian School in Dallas. Among the early teachers at cistercian was Fr. Bede Lackner.

Current program
The graduating class of 2021 had 46 students, and there were 355 total students in grades 5-12. While community service is not required, the typical class averages 8000 hours of volunteer contributions. All graduates attend 4-year colleges. In 2021, 19% of the students received financial assistance. Of the 53 faculty members, 30% are Cistercian monks and 85% have graduate degrees.

Cistercian's academic program has been highly rated, both regionally and nationally, for many years. For example, Cistercian was ranked among the 50 “Smartest Private High Schools in the United States” by one independent group and, in 2021, was named the 3rd best Catholic high school in the country.

Athletics
Students are encouraged to participate in sports in every season. Cistercian fields teams in nine varsity sports in three athletic seasons: football and cross country (fall); basketball, soccer, and swimming (winter); baseball, track & field, tennis, and golf (spring). The school is a member of the Southwest Preparatory Conference, which hosts championship tournaments and meets at the end of every season. The school's mascot is the hawk. Its colors are black and white.

Notable alumni

 * Will Arbery (2007), playwright, author of Heroes of the Fourth Turning; 2020 Pulitzer Prize finalist, winner of 2020 Whiting Award in drama
 * Will Ford Hartnett (1974), former member of the Texas House of Representatives (1993–2013)
 * Geoff Marslett (1992), independent filmmaker and professor
 * Andrés Ruzo (2005), geoscientist, conservationist, author, science communicator and educator, who studied the Boiling River of the Amazon
 * Ryan Sitton (1993), member of the Texas Railroad Commission (2015–2021)

Notable faculty

 * Fr. Bede Lackner, theologian and historian
 * Fr. Denis Farkasfalvy, Abbot of Our Lady of Dallas Abbey from 1988 to 2012, theologian, and historian; Headmaster of Cistercian from 1969 to 1981 and longtime math teacher at the school

title: Cistercian Preparatory School


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Karin Schubert

Karin Schubert (born 26 November 1944) is a German actress. She appeared in film roles since 1970 and became a pornographic actress in the 1980s.

Cinema career
Her early roles included the Spaghetti Western Compañeros (1970) and Gérard Oury's film La folie des grandeurs (1971). In 1972, she appeared in the films Bluebeard, directed by Edward Dmytryk, and Yves Boisset's L'Attentat. The same year, she appeared along with Edwige Fenech and Pippo Franco in the sex comedy Ubalda, All Naked and Warm. She then started to appear in adventure films, especially with Italian actor George Eastman. The first film of this kind was a Three Musketeers Spaghetti Western adaptation, Tutti per uno...botte per tutti (Three Musketeers of the West) in 1973, and she also appeared in the crime drama Rudeness (1975), and as a Russian agent in the spy film Missile X: The Neutron Bomb Incident (1978) opposite Peter Graves and Curd Jürgens. In 1975 she appeared in the hit film Black Emanuelle starring Laura Gemser which drew the attention of director Joe d'Amato, and began to take part in his erotic films, including Emanuelle Around the World in 1977 where she played Cora Norman, the counterpart of Gemser.

Gradually losing demand as an actress in the mid-1980s, she moved to Spain, but also failed to establish herself there. Her personal problems also contributed to her career problems: her marriage broke down, and her son became addicted to drugs, becoming so out of control that his mother became the target of his violent outbursts. To earn money for his treatment, Schubert started posing for pornographic magazines, but when the money from this ran out, in 1985 at the age of 40, she also began starring in hardcore pornography films. Using her notoriety as leverage, she signed a contract with a film company that paid her an annual salary of 180,000 German marks, to perform in films mostly in Italy and West Germany.

In 1994, 50-year-old Schubert left pornography, having starred in 24 films of this genre. That same year she tried to commit suicide by taking barbiturates with vodka, but was rescued by neighbors. Two years later, neighbors found her unresponsive in her car, having attempted suicide a second time by carbon monoxide poisoning.

Selected filmography

 * A Sword for Brando (1970)
 * Compañeros (1970)
 * La folie des grandeurs (1971)
 * Bluebeard (1972)
 * L'Attentat (1972)
 * Ubalda, All Naked and Warm (1972)
 * The Three Musketeers of the West (1973)
 * La Punition (1973)
 * The Girl in Room 2A (1974)
 * Till Marriage Do Us Part (1974)
 * Black Emanuelle (1975)
 * La dottoressa sotto il lenzuolo (1976)
 * Emanuelle Around the World (1977)
 * Missile X: The Neutron Bomb Incident (1978)
 * Black Venus (1983)
 * The Nurse in the Military Madhouse (1979)
 * The Panther Squad (1984)
 * Christina (1984)
 * Hanna D. - The Girl from Vondel Park (1984)

title: Karin Schubert


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We Can Be Heroes: Finding the Australian of the Year

We Can Be Heroes: Finding the Australian of the Year (mostly known as The Nominees outside of Australia) is an Australian mockumentary miniseries starring and created and co-written by Chris Lilley and Ryan Shelton and directed by Matthew Saville.

It follows the story of five unique Australians (all portrayed by Lilley), who have each made a large achievement and been nominated by friends and family for the Australian of the Year award.

It premiered on 27 July 2005, and concluded on 31 August 2005. It was shown on the ABC on Wednesday nights at 9:00pm. There are six episodes, with each episode running for 30 minutes. The show was broadcast in the United Kingdom on FX, in the United States on the Sundance Channel, and in Canada on The Comedy Network. In Australia, The Comedy Channel aired the series as part of their Aussie Gold block hosted by Frank Woodley.

The show won a Logie Award for most outstanding comedy and Chris Lilley won the Best New Talent Logie for his performance in the show.

Characters
All of the Australian of the Year nominees are played by Chris Lilley.

Daniel Sims
Daniel Sims lives in Dunt, South Australia, which is the only fictional location in We Can Be Heroes and is based on the town of Lara, Victoria. He is 17 years old, and largely a parody of rural, country people. He lives with his mother; his hearing impaired twin brother, Nathan; and his two younger brothers and a sister. His father died in a car crash many years ago.

Daniel was nominated for Australian of the Year for donating one of his eardrums to his near-deaf brother, Nathan (also played by Lilley). As he does not know sign language, Daniel uses different methods to talk to Nathan, such as screaming at him, or using coloured cards. These cards have different meanings, including "change the Xbox game" or "piss off".

Both Daniel and Nathan, as well as their friends, enjoy rapping and beatboxing. After his hearing was partially restored, Nathan's beatboxing skills improved greatly.

Daniel was a winner for the state finals, but he did not want to wear a suit or make a speech. However, he later changed his mind when he discovered he would be able to legally buy porn and fireworks in Canberra.

Daniel and his family, along with his mother's boyfriend, regularly feature in Lilley's series Angry Boys, which highlights the lives of the twins.

Ja'mie King
Ja'mie King lives in the North Shore of Sydney, New South Wales, but was born in South Africa. Ja'mie is a 16-year-old girl and has sponsored 85 Sudanese children for Global Vision (a fictional organisation parodying World Vision International), which gave her the National Record. Due to her work of raising money, Global Vision decided to make her the 'face' of their organisation. Ja'mie also does the 40 Hour Famine twice a week which she says not only helps raise money but "keeps [her] looking hot".

Ja'mie is the 'popular' girl in Year 11 at Hilford Girls' Grammar School, a private school on Sydney's North Shore. She and her group of three friends are very superficial, caring only about their looks. Ja'mie's friends all support her claims to have been in the finals of "Dolly Covergirl of the Year". Ja'mie serves as a parody of the stereotypical wealthy and snobby North Shore private school girl. Ja'mie and her friends enjoy sleepovers and gossiping, as well as modelling and the arts.

She is even featured in a school assembly to promote the work of Global Vision where she makes the school repeat after her in the Sudanese language what Sonali told her when they parted at the Detention centre where Sonali is staying. "Balumbo Shamanaka" when translated in English says 'You are very beautiful girl'. She scolds the school for misusing their money telling them that each dollar they do not donate equals one dead child, and that they should convert their school oval into a "mass grave" because of the money the school accumulated from food sales at the canteen. Two weeks before the Australian of the Year finals, Ja'mie is informed that a flood has hit 'her' village, killing all but two of her Sudanese children. She displays apparent displeasure and is shown to have a very short temper when she argues with the manager of Global Vision and then accuses her mother of not offering her support.

In the episodes, we are shown one of the Sudanese children she sponsored named Sonali. Sonali apparently has illegally entered Australia and is held at the Villawood Immigration Detention Centre. In one episode, Sonali apparently writes a letter to Ja'mie telling her that she is in Australia and asking Ja'mie to visit her. Ja'mie is sceptical at first but soon realises that this visit will bring a lot of media attention, so she invites one of her friends along because she 'is good at taking photos'. Ja'mie even takes Sonali along to Canberra for the finals and lends Sonali her Year 10 Formal dress to wear for the occasion.

Ja'mie appears in Chris Lilley's subsequent TV series Summer Heights High and Ja'mie: Private School Girl.

Pat Mullins
Pat Mullins lived in the suburb of Nollamara in Perth, Western Australia, was 47 years old, was married to Terry and was the mother of two children. As an adolescent, she developed skeletal dysplasia of the femur resulting in one leg being shorter than the other. In order to move around more quickly, she developed the ability to roll along the ground at high speeds.

Terry built Pat a training course, featuring various terrains and obstacles for her rolling. Her ambition was to roll from Perth to Uluru, although she experienced some injuries and setbacks during training, including having a gumnut lodged up her nose.

In the last episode, it was revealed that Pat died of liver cancer on 12 January 2006, 23 days after the announcement of Australian of the Year. She never completed her roll to Uluru.

Phil Olivetti
Phil Olivetti is the Queensland nominee, who in fact nominated himself for the award; he is a self-obsessed 37-year-old, from Bray Park in Brisbane. He used to work for the police force until he saved 9 children from an unsecured jumping castle that was about to crash into power lines. After that, he quit his job and tried to start a career in motivational speaking. He had plans to write an autobiography and sell merchandise. He soon became obsessive about winning the prestigious award, inviting a man on the judging panel to a barbecue to flaunt his Australian spirit and later attempt to bribe him unsuccessfully.

In the midst of his attempts to secure the award, he also tried to become involved in his son's Scouting troop through his motivational speaking course, which was based on how to deal with (unrealistic) emergency situations, such as escaping from Al Qaeda snipers. In his first and only demonstration, Phil attempted to show the troop what to do if stuck underneath a tree through the efforts of terrorists. A young boy named Jeremy volunteered to help Phil, but quickly regretted it when the tree's safety rope snapped, leaving him trapped and suffocating under the huge object. Phil tried to violently remove the tree only to inflict more pain on the scout and necessitate medical assistance. He then lamely comments that Jeremy was 'a wuss'.

Despite his enthusiasm, Phil was eventually informed that he had not made it into the state finals. In a fit of anger, embarrassment and possible denial, Phil lied about the situation to his family, leading to their going to Canberra regardless. When he tried to enter the finals, however, he was firmly asked to leave by security. His attempts to bribe the guards with a thousand dollars simply created an incident, causing his wife to expose his deceit. A bitter argument ensued ending with his family deserting him, leaving Phil to watch with utter contempt as the Queensland finalist was announced.

Three months after the announcement of Australian of the Year, Phil is still married and decided to quit motivational speaking and rejoined the police, but is also working on a miniseries about the jumping castle incident and other "situations" he got into, in which he will be played by Vince Colosimo.

As a reference to the film Chopper, Phil constantly compares Vince Colosimo to Eric Bana who was his on-screen rival in the film.

Ricky Wong
Ricky Wong is a 23-year-old Chinese physics student who lives in the suburb of Wheelers Hill, Melbourne, Victoria. He is often exuberant and tells his colleagues that "Physics is Phun" and that they are in the "Wong" laboratory. This is largely a vehicle for parodying the stereotypical "Chinese overachiever", or model migrant. He has achieved fame for his work in solar energy by developing a highly efficient solar energy panel, but his passion lies in acting. Ricky's dream is to become a professional actor. His father, however, does not want him acting and says that he should complete his physics degree after he finishes "Indigeridoo", a musical about indigenous Australians in which Ricky plays the main role: Walkabout Man. The production portrays many famous and well-known indigenous people, including Cathy Freeman, Deborah Mailman and Lionel Rose.

Once Ricky completed his PhD, he went to work for the CSIRO – his father had already secured him a job there. However, he soon became depressed, and much to his father's anger announced he was going to act full-time,

Reception
The series was watched by an average of 749,000 per episode.

Outside of the show

 * Some of the characters were interviewed on Triple J's Today Today show, by Chris Taylor and Craig Reucassel, portrayed as actual Australian of the Year candidates. Despite the fact they are obviously parodies, several listeners called in to complain about their attitudes, especially that of Ja'mie King.
 * Ja'mie King presented an ARIA Award for 'Highest Selling Single' to Anthony Callea with James Mathison in 2005.
 * Ricky Wong made an appearance at the Logie Awards in 2006. He sang a song from Indigeridoo with Cathy Freeman.


text: User talk:69.9.5.232

title: User talk:69.9.5.232


text:
William d'Aubigny, 1st Earl of Arundel

William d'Aubigny (c. 1109 – Unknown), also known as William d'Albini, William de Albini and William de Albini II, was an English nobleman. He was son of William d'Aubigny and Maud Bigod, daughter of Roger Bigod of Norfolk.

William fought loyally for King Stephen of England, who created him first Earl of Arundel (more precisely, Earl of Sussex) and then Earl of Lincoln. In 1153 he helped arrange the truce between Stephen and Henry Plantagenet, known as the Treaty of Wallingford, which brought an end to The Anarchy. His first known appearance as "earl" was at Christmas 1141. When Henry Plantagenet ascended the throne as Henry II, he confirmed William's earldom and gave him direct possession of Arundel Castle (instead of the possession in right of his wife (died 1151) he had previously had). He remained loyal to the king during the 1173 revolt of Henry the Young King, and helped defeat the rebellion.

In 1143, as Earl of Lincoln, he made two charters confirming a donation of land around Arundel in Sussex to the abbey of Affligem in Brabant, with William's brother, Olivier, present.

He was the builder of Castle Rising Castle at Castle Rising, Norfolk.

William is the first proven English supporter of the crusader Order of St. Lazarus of Jerusalem and before 1146 had granted them land at Wymondham and built a Leper Hospital near his castle in Norfolk. His wife, Adeliza, was also a major benefactor to leper hospitals at Wilton, Wiltshire and Arundel and his cousin, Roger de Mowbray and his family, were to become the most significant patrons of the Order's headquarters at Burton Lazars Hospital.

Marriage
William was an important member of Henry I of England's household, and after the king's death he married Henry's widow, Queen Adeliza of Louvain, in 1138. William and Adeliza were parents to the following children:
 * William d'Aubigny, 2nd Earl of Arundel
 * Reynor
 * Henry
 * Geoffrey
 * Alice
 * Olivia
 * Agatha

title: William d'Aubigny, 1st Earl of Arundel


text:
User:Saumacus

Saumacus, a.k.a. Barbatus

ru:Участник:Saumacus

title: User:Saumacus


text:
User talk:Jonchaplin

Welcome
Welcome to Wikipedia, the greatest encyclopedia on Earth! You seem to be off to a good start. Hopefully you will soon join the vast army of Wikipediholics. You may wish to review the welcome page, tutorial, and stylebook, as well as the avoiding common mistakes and Wikipedia is not pages. The Wikipedia directory is also quite useful. In addition, you might want to add yourself to the new user log; if you made any edits before getting an account, you may wish to assign those to your username.

By the way, an important tip: To sign comments on talk pages, simply type four tildes, like this: Elf | Talk 23:15, 26 August 2005 (UTC). This automatically adds your name and the time after your comments.

Finally, here are some open tasks:

Hope to see you around the Wiki! And if you have any questions whatsoever, feel free to contact me on my talk page! - Elf

Charles Chaplin article
I moved your article to Charles Chaplin (artist) to conform to wikipedia heading styles and added a note at Charlie Chaplin (which is where Charles Chaplin points to); longterm perhaps Charles Chaplin shd become a disambiguation page, but at the moment it still redirects to the more famous Charlie.

Also, the images you uploaded need to specify where they came from (source) and under what license or copyright you're releasing them to wikipedia. Since all text at WP is under GFDL, it's best if images were also either GFDL or public domain. Since I assume that you're related to CC and wrote a book about him, I'm guessing that you're probably a good authority on whether these images could be released under such licenses. :-)  If, however, they're copyrighted and not for free use, they might have to be removed from wikipedia.  There are other options, though GFDL and PD are best.  YOu can read more about them from the file-upload page.  Meanwhile, I've tagged them with the standard tags for unsourced/unlicensed images.

And you can edit the picture descriptions by clicking on the images in the article and then clicking Edit this page for the image.

Feel free to ask on my talk page if you have more questions. Elf | Talk 22:59, 26 August 2005 (UTC)

Here's some standard text about uploading images:

Hello!

Thanks for uploading some pictures to Wikipedia. I wanted to make sure you were aware of some of the requirements and good practices for uploaded images.

 * Pick an image name.
 * When uploading an image, pick a file name that is short, descriptive, and unique. Remember that many images may be uploaded about the same topic, and remember that names are case sensitive.

 * Source the image.
 * On the image description page, explain where the image came from. If you created the image yourself, then say so.  If it's from the web, give a URL.  If it's a screenshot of a movie or game, or a scan from a book, give the title.

 * Provide copyright and license information.
 * This part is a little bit trickier, but it's very important. The copyright of the image generally belongs to whomever created it.
 * If it's a photograph you took, or an image you created (modifying an image that already exists doesn't count) in software like Photoshop or GIMP, then you own the copyright. To upload it to Wikipedia, you must agree to license it under the GFDL (which allows anyone to use it, but requires that they give credit to the original author and requires that any further edit to the image be licensed under the GFDL as well) or release it into the public domain (which allows anyone to use it for any purpose without restriction.)  Do this by placing an appropriate tag on the image description page, like {{GFDL}} or {{PD}}.  Be sure to mention that you created the image.  If you're using {{PD}}, you may also want to use {{NoRightsReserved}}, since there is some dispute as to whether one may grant items into the public domain.
 * If you didn't create the image, or the copyright somehow belongs to another party (like a screenshot, which you might "create", but the copyright belongs to the author of the movie or video game), then you need to find another tag that describes the copyright status of the image. Images used on Wikipedia need to be free for our use and the use of sites which reproduce our content.  This means that images cannot have a restriction such as "only for use by Wikipedia", or "for non-commercial use only", or "for educational use".  Images without a free license may be usable in certain articles under fair use, but such a use should be justified on the image description page.

 * Describe the image.
 * To another reader, the image may not be immediately understood. A caption in an article doesn't explain the image to a visitor who sees it on its image page.  Put a brief explanation of what is in the image on the image description page, similar to what you might include in a caption on an article.

Some links to Wikipedia pages on this subject:

Copyrights, Copyright tags, Fair use, Image description page, Public domain, Images for deletion, Possibly unfree images, Copyright problems, Uploading images

Thanks again for your contributions. If you have any questions, please feel free to ask me at my talk page.

title: User talk:Jonchaplin


text: User talk:70.23.124.30

title: User talk:70.23.124.30


text:
William d'Aubigny, 3rd Earl of Arundel

William d'Aubigny, 3rd Earl of Arundel, also called William de Albini IV, (before 1180 – 1 February 1221) was an English nobleman, a favourite of King John, and a participant in the Fifth Crusade.

Lineage
William was a son of William d'Aubigny, 2nd Earl of Arundel and Matilda de St Hilary, and grandson of Queen Adeliza of Leuven.

A royal favourite
William was a favourite of King John. He witnessed King John's concession of the kingdom to the Pope on 15 May 1213. On 14 June 1216 he joined Prince Louis (later Louis VIII of France) after King John abandoned Winchester. He returned to the allegiance of the King Henry III after the Royalist victory at Lincoln, on 14 July 1217.

Death returning from the Fifth Crusade
He joined in the Fifth Crusade (1217–1221), in 1218. He died on his journey home, in Caneill, Italy, near Rome, on 1 February 1221. News of his death reached England on 30 March 1221. He was brought home and buried at Wymondham Abbey in Norfolk.

His title was inherited by his son William, the fourth Earl. The fourth earl died childless and in 1224 the title passed to his brother, Hugh.

Marriage and issue
At some time between 1196 and 1200 William married Mabel of Chester (born c. 1173), the second daughter of Hugh de Kevelioc, 5th Earl of Chester (aliter "Hugh le Meschin"), by his wife Bertrade de Montfort, a daughter of Simon, Count of Evreux in Normandy. By his wife he had the following issue:
 * William d'Aubigny, 4th Earl of Arundel (d. 1224); buried in Wymondham Abbey.
 * Hugh d'Aubigny, 5th Earl of Arundel (d. 7 May 1243); buried in Wymondham Abbey.
 * Maud d'Aubigny, (d. bet. 1238 and 1242), married before 1222, Robert de Tateshal.
 * Isabel d'Aubigny; married John Fitzalan, Lord of Oswestry.
 * Nicole d'Aubigny (d.abt 1240); married Roger de Somery II, Baron Somery of Dudley Castle (died 26 August 1273).
 * Cicely d'Aubigny married Roger de Mahaut/Montalt/Monte Alto of Hawarden (d.1260). Received Castle Rising, co Norfolk.

title: William d'Aubigny, 3rd Earl of Arundel


text:
User talk:Imperial avis

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome!
 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
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Ken talk 23:00, August 26, 2005 (UTC)

Hi, please add copyright information to the files you uploaded, as you were requested to at the time you uploaded them. The files will be deleted if they are not compatible with Wikipedia's copyright. Joe D (t) 23:56, 27 March 2006 (UTC)

Image Tagging Image:000 0508.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:000 0508.jpg. I notice the 'image' page currently doesn't specify who created the content, so the copyright status is unclear. If you have not created this media yourself then there needs to be an argument why we have the right to use the media on Wikipedia (see copyright tagging below). If you have not created the media yourself then it needs to be specified where it was found, i.e., in most cases link to the website where it was taken from, and the terms of use for content from that page.

If the media also doesn't have a copyright tag then one should be added. If you created/took the picture, audio, or video then the GFDL-self tag can be used to release it under the GFDL. If you believe the media qualifies as fair use, consider reading fair use, and then use a tag such as or one of the other tags listed at Image copyright tags. See Image copyright tags for the full list of copyright tags that you can use.

If you have uploaded other media, consider checking that you have specified their source and copyright tagged them, too. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any unsourced and untagged images will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Image legality questions page. Thank you. Nv8200p talk 04:34, 28 March 2006 (UTC)

Image copyright problem with Image:St_Mike's.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:St_Mike's.jpg. The image has been identified as not specifying the copyright status of the image, which is required by Wikipedia's policy on images. If you don't indicate the copyright status of the image on the image's description page, using an appropriate copyright tag, it may be deleted some time in the next seven days. If you have uploaded other images, please verify that you have provided copyright information for them as well.

For more information on using images, see the following pages:
 * Image use policy
 * Image copyright tags

This is an automated notice by OrphanBot. For assistance on the image use policy, see Image legality questions. 11:39, 29 March 2006 (UTC)

Image copyright problem with Image:000 0508.JPG
Thanks for uploading Image:000 0508.JPG. However, the image may soon be deleted unless we can determine the copyright holder and copyright status. The Wikimedia Foundation is very careful about the images included in Wikipedia because of copyright law (see Wikipedia's Copyright policy).

The copyright holder is usually the creator, the creator's employer, or the last person who was transferred ownership rights. Copyright information on images is signified using copyright templates. The three basic license types on Wikipedia are open content, public domain, and fair use. Find the appropriate template in Image copyright tags and place it on the image page like this:.

Please signify the copyright information on any other images you have uploaded or will upload. Remember that images without this important information can be deleted by an administrator. If you have any questions, feel free to contact me, or ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you. Kotepho 15:29, 23 June 2006 (UTC)

Hmm. Same goes for Image:000 0516.jpg, but you tagged a duplicate of 000 0508.JPG as a CC, is that the case with these other photos as well? Kotepho 15:31, 23 June 2006 (UTC)

License tagging for Image:K022107AU.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:K022107AU.jpg. Wikipedia gets thousands of images uploaded every day, and in order to verify that the images can be legally used on Wikipedia, the source and copyright status must be indicated. Images need to have an image tag applied to the image description page indicating the copyright status of the image. This uniform and easy-to-understand method of indicating the license status allows potential re-users of the images to know what they are allowed to do with the images.

For more information on using images, see the following pages:
 * Image use policy
 * Image copyright tags

This is an automated notice by OrphanBot. If you need help on selecting a tag to use, or in adding the tag to the image description, feel free to post a message at Media copyright questions. 16:07, 21 March 2007 (UTC)

Empress of the French
Please stop interfering with the succession boxes for the French Empresses. Succession boxes are laid out sequentially from one person in the general role to the next person (i.e. one monarch to another, one consort to another). Henry VIII's succession box doesn't skip from him to James I, does it? Nor do we make up unused titles (have you ever heard the term 'royal consort of the French head of state' used?). Michael Sanders 11:26, 29 March 2007 (UTC)

 * It doesn't. The average viewer wants to know who the previous and next consort was, not who was the last and next holder of a particular title. Now, we could use your innovation of 'consort to the head of state' - except we are not allowed to make up titles. So we use the sequential system, and assume that the reader will be capable of clicking along until he or she finds the next 'Empress of the French' - or s/he can click the link on the title and look it up on List of Queens and Empresses of France. Michael Sanders 11:30, 29 March 2007 (UTC)

 * The 'Empress consort of India' (i.e. consort of India) ceased to exist. Not the same at all. Michael Sanders 11:34, 29 March 2007 (UTC)

 * Because legally, the monarch of Great Britain wasn't sovereign over the state of India until Queen Victoria. The title 'Empress of the French' is the place-holder for 'consort of France' - but we quite specifically do not make up titles. So 'consort of the French head of state' is out. The 'Empress of the French' was in de facto terms the same as the 'Queen of the French', who was in de facto terms the same as the 'Queen of France and Navarre'. That's why they all have the same page. That's how we do things here. If you don't like it, try to change the roots of the system, don't meddle with the products which are by the rules correct. Michael Sanders 11:41, 29 March 2007 (UTC)

 * Succession boxes are used to illustrate to the reader the passage of authority in the state, not the history of a particular title. Thus, Napoleon is succeeded as head of state by Louis XVIII, not by himself. And, I repeat, we don't use phony titles. See WikiProject Succession Box Standardization, and find evidence that 'consort of the French head of state' is ever used. Until then, stop interfering with the boxes. Michael Sanders 11:58, 29 March 2007 (UTC)

Disputed fair use rationale for Image:K022107AU.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:K022107AU.jpg. However, there is a concern that the rationale you have provided for using this image under "fair use" may be invalid. Please read the instructions at Non-free content carefully, then go to the image description page and clarify why you think the image qualifies for fair use. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to ensure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If it is determined that the image does not qualify under fair use, it will be deleted within a couple of days according to our criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the media copyright questions page. Thank you.BetacommandBot 07:04, 7 November 2007 (UTC)

Disputed fair use rationale for Image:SVH06 2.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:SVH06 2.jpg. However, there is a concern that the rationale you have provided for using this image under "fair use" may be invalid. Please read the instructions at Non-free content carefully, then go to the image description page and clarify why you think the image qualifies for fair use. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to ensure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If it is determined that the image does not qualify under fair use, it will be deleted within a couple of days according to our criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the media copyright questions page. Thank you.BetacommandBot (talk) 07:18, 21 January 2008 (UTC)

Disputed fair use rationale for Image:UKIBSP 2.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:UKIBSP 2.jpg. However, there is a concern that the rationale you have provided for using this image under "fair use" may be invalid. Please read the instructions at Non-free content carefully, then go to the image description page and clarify why you think the image qualifies for fair use. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to ensure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If it is determined that the image does not qualify under fair use, it will be deleted within a couple of days according to our criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the media copyright questions page. Thank you.BetacommandBot (talk) 14:40, 21 January 2008 (UTC)

NowCommons: Image:P4060162.jpg
Image:P4060162.jpg is now available on Wikimedia Commons as Commons:Image:Huckford Viaduct.jpg. This is a repository of free media that can be used on all Wikimedia wikis. The image will be deleted from Wikipedia, but this doesn't mean it can't be used anymore. You can embed an image uploaded to Commons like you would an image uploaded to Wikipedia, in this case:. Note that this is an automated message to inform you about the move. This bot did not copy the image itself. --Erwin85Bot (talk) 02:49, 4 October 2008 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for File:Cassie suicide.jpg
Thanks for uploading or contributing to File:Cassie suicide.jpg. I notice the file page specifies that the file is being used under fair use but there is not a suitable explanation or rationale as to why each specific use in Wikipedia constitutes fair use. Please go to the file description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale.

If you have uploaded other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on those pages too. You can find a list of 'file' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "File" from the dropdown box. Note that any non-free media lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you. — neuro  (talk) (review) 17:33, 20 March 2009 (UTC)

Possibly unfree File:Cassie suicide brandon.jpg
An image that you uploaded or altered, File:Cassie suicide brandon.jpg, has been listed at Possibly unfree images because its copyright status is unclear or disputed. If the image's copyright status cannot be verified, it may be deleted. You may find more information on the image description page. You are welcome to add comments to its entry at if you are interested in it not being deleted. Thank you. — neuro  (talk) (review) 17:54, 20 March 2009 (UTC)  -- —  neuro  (talk) (review) 17:54, 20 March 2009 (UTC)

File copyright problem with File:Cassie suicide.jpg
Thank you for uploading File:Cassie suicide.jpg. However, it currently is missing information on its copyright status. Wikipedia takes copyright very seriously. It may be deleted soon, unless we can determine the license and the source of the file. If you know this information, then you can add a copyright tag to the image description page.

If you have uploaded other files, consider checking that you have specified their license and tagged them, too. You can find a list of files you have uploaded by following this link.

If you have any questions, please feel free to ask them at the media copyright questions page. Thanks again for your cooperation. — neuro  (talk) (review) 17:54, 20 March 2009 (UTC)

Merge discussion for Civil Parish of Winterbourne
An article that you have been involved in editing, Civil Parish of Winterbourne, has been proposed for a merge with another article. If you are interested in the merge discussion, please participate by going, and adding your comments on the discussion page. Thank you. Skinsmoke (talk) 10:05, 1 June 2011 (UTC)

Non-free rationale for File:Sue white hq.jpg
Thanks for uploading or contributing to File:Sue white hq.jpg. I notice the file page specifies that the file is being used under non-free content criteria, but there is not a suitable explanation or rationale as to why each specific use in Wikipedia is acceptable. Please go to the file description page, and edit it to include a non-free rationale.

If you have uploaded other non-free media, consider checking that you have specified the non-free rationale on those pages too. You can find a list of 'file' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "File" from the dropdown box. Note that any non-free media lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been tagged, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If the file is already gone, you can still make a request for undeletion and ask for a chance to fix the problem. If you have any questions, please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you. Sfan00 IMG (talk) 14:28, 27 June 2012 (UTC)

File permission problem with File:St Mike's2.jpg
Thanks for uploading File:St Mike's2.jpg. I noticed that while you provided a valid copyright licensing tag, there is no proof that the creator of the file has agreed to release it under the given license.

If you are the copyright holder for this media entirely yourself but have previously published it elsewhere (especially online), please either
 * make a note permitting reuse under the CC-BY-SA or another acceptable free license (see this list) at the site of the original publication; or
 * Send an email from an address associated with the original publication to permissions-en@wikimedia.org, stating your ownership of the material and your intention to publish it under a free license. You can find a sample permission letter here. If you take this step, add OTRS pending to the file description page to prevent premature deletion.

If you did not create it entirely yourself, please ask the person who created the file to take one of the two steps listed above, or if the owner of the file has already given their permission to you via email, please forward that email to permissions-en@wikimedia.org.

If you believe the media meets the criteria at Non-free content, use a tag such as non-free fair use or one of the other tags listed at File copyright tags, and add a rationale justifying the file's use on the article or articles where it is included. See File copyright tags for the full list of copyright tags that you can use.

If you have uploaded other files, consider checking that you have provided evidence that their copyright owners have agreed to license their works under the tags you supplied, too. You can find a list of files you have created in [ your upload log]. Files lacking evidence of permission may be deleted one week after they have been tagged, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. You may wish to read the Wikipedia's image use policy. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you. Kelly hi! 09:22, 16 October 2014 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 13:08, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 13:33, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Imperial avis


text:
Patrick Ochs

Patrick Ochs (born 14 May 1984) is a German former footballer who played as a right-back or right winger. Ochs spent the majority of his professional career with Eintracht Frankfurt.

Club career
In the 2009–10 season, Eintracht Frankfurt manager Michael Skibbe switched Ochs from his usual right back position to play on the wing using his pace to give the offence a boost.

In 2015, after his contract had expired, he left VfL Wolfsburg. During his four-year spell there, he was loaned for one season to 1899 Hoffenheim. Finally he could not establish himself in Wolfsburg, during the last season he even did not earn a single cap for the first team in all competitions.

In summer 2016 Ochs joined 3. Liga side FSV Frankfurt. In April 2018, he suffered a severe knee injury tearing his cruciate ligament as well as damaging his anterior ligament and meniscus.

International career
He represented the German under-21 team at UEFA U-21 Championship 2006.

Honours
Eintracht Frankfurt
 * DFB-Pokal Runner-up: 2005–06

VfL Wolfsburg
 * DFB-Pokal: 2014–15

title: Patrick Ochs


text: User talk:69.210.71.178

title: User talk:69.210.71.178


text: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Log/2005 August 27