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A Woman of the Sea

A Woman of the Sea, also known by its working title Sea Gulls, is an unreleased silent film produced in 1926 by the Chaplin Film Company. It is one of only two lost Charlie Chaplin films (the other being Her Friend the Bandit), having been destroyed by Chaplin himself as a tax writeoff.

The now lost film starred Edna Purviance, Raymond Bloomer, Eve Southern and Charles French, and was directed by Josef von Sternberg.

Plot
Joan (Purviance) and Magdalen (Sothern) are the daughters of a fisherman in Monterey. Magdalen is engaged to Peter (Bloomer), a lowly fisher, until a writer (Whitman) comes to town. Both Joan and Magdalen fancy the writer, but Magdalen wins him over in the end and he takes her back to the big city. Joan and Peter then marry and stay in Monterey. Many years later, Magdalen returns and attempts to break up her sister's marriage, only to fail.

Cast

 * Edna Purviance as Joan
 * Eve Sothern as Magdalen
 * Raymond Bloomer as Peter
 * Gayne Whitman as the Writer
 * Charles French as the Father

The Pacific Ocean was also credited by Josef von Sternberg since it was so heavily featured in the film.

Crew

 * Director: Josef von Sternberg
 * Producer: Charlie Chaplin
 * Directors of Photography: Paul Ivano and Eddie Gheller
 * Camera Operator: Mark Marlatt
 * Set Decoration: Charles D. "Danny" Hall

Assistant Directors: Charles Hammond, George Sims (Peter Ruric) and Riza Royce

Production details
The film was in production for about six months, mainly in the Los Angeles area, including indoor scenes at Chaplin's studio. During a twelve-day period, outdoor scenes were filmed on location in the Monterey and Carmel coastal area in California. Principal photography began in January and concluded on June 2, 1926. Post-production lasted for three weeks, with the final film being seven reels long with 160 intertitles. The entire production cost $90,000 to make.

Chaplin produced the film as a starring vehicle for his former leading lady Purviance, and to help establish Von Sternberg, whose 1924 experimental film The Salvation Hunters had greatly impressed Chaplin. This was the only time Chaplin produced a film in which he neither starred nor directed. His involvement in the production was minimal, as he was concurrently working on his problem-plagued film The Circus (released 1928). This was Purviance's final American film, followed by a French feature film, Education of a Prince (1927), after which she retired from movies.

Von Sternberg held a preview in Beverly Hills in early July 1926 against Chaplin's wishes. The general impression from the few that saw it was that it was a beautiful film, but with little substance. John Grierson called the film "extraordinarily beautiful- but empty." Von Sternberg's secret screening, the lack of a plot and Purviance's poor performance caused Chaplin to decline to release it. It went untouched until the U.S. Internal Revenue Service took an interest in Chaplin's finances. The negatives were burned on June 21, 1933 in front of five witnesses as a total loss for tax purposes. Some evidence suggests that a copy of the film survived at the Chaplin studio until at least late 1946, but no copy exists in the current Chaplin film archives.

In 2005, over 50 previously unknown production stills were discovered in the private collection of Purviance's relatives. Except for a few images in print and a few words in books over the years, nearly nothing has been known about the film. The working title for A Woman of the Sea was Sea Gulls, as written in the shooting schedule that still survives. The original title list also has survived from the film. The information from the shooting schedule and title list has been combined with the production stills, and was published in 2008.

References in other media
The film, and Chaplin himself, figure prominently in Tim Powers' fantasy novel Three Days to Never (Morrow, 2006). Though rooted in established facts, the fictionalized Chaplin is attributed motives—and the film attributed traits—that are largely invented by Powers.

title: A Woman of the Sea


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title: User:Duk/standard.css


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Talk:Riley, Indiana

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 3 one external links on Riley, Indiana. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive http://www.webcitation.org/6HQu4Spqa to http://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2012/SUB-EST2012.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20130911234518/http://factfinder2.census.gov to http://factfinder2.census.gov
 * Added archive http://www.webcitation.org/6YSasqtfX to http://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html

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Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 19:10, 21 July 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:Riley, Indiana


text: Talk:Seelyville, Indiana

title: Talk:Seelyville, Indiana


text:
Talk:West Terre Haute, Indiana

Untitled
West Terre Haute has the title "hicks" because a lot of people are hicks...just because one person puts that down, dosent mean that it should be changed... In High School, on "hick day" most kids wore their normal attire... we call ourselves "west T." so that definitely shouldnt be taken out..

I'm not going to put this in the article, but my wife told me that in her days at ISU a standing insult for West-T (which I did put back in the article) was, "the only thing worse than a Hautean is a West Hautean."--MarshallStack 19:29, 3 January 2007 (UTC)

Likens
The last name Likens is a respectable name in West Terre Haute, In. The grnadfather Larry Likens, is from West Virginia. And his wife is Nacy Likens. She is a bus driver for the, Vigo County School Corpration. Larry is the boss of "Likens and Sons Tree Service". — Preceding unsigned comment added by Lilwest42 (talk • contribs) 17:47, 10 December 2011 (UTC)

Orphaned references in West Terre Haute, Indiana
I check pages listed in Category:Pages with incorrect ref formatting to try to fix reference errors. One of the things I do is look for content for orphaned references in wikilinked articles. I have found content for some of West Terre Haute, Indiana's orphans, the problem is that I found more than one version. I can't determine which (if any) is correct for this article, so I am asking for a sentient editor to look it over and copy the correct ref content into this article.

Reference named "nris": From List of Congregational churches:  From National Register of Historic Places:  From National Road:

I apologize if any of the above are effectively identical; I am just a simple computer program, so I can't determine whether minor differences are significant or not. AnomieBOT ⚡ 22:37, 30 July 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:West Terre Haute, Indiana


text:
Category talk:Wikipedians in Slovenia

Locally

 * Celje
 * 1) Jani Melik a.k.a. XJamRastafire
 * Domžale
 * 1) MGTom
 * Jesenice
 * Kamnik
 * Koper
 * 1) Ajda Kljun a.k.a. Missmarple
 * Kranj
 * Lendava
 * Ljubljana
 * 1) Eleassar777
 * 2) JaKob
 * 3) Klemen Kocjancic
 * 4) Tone
 * Maribor
 * 1) Zoran Obradovic a.k.a. Zocky
 * Murska Sobota
 * Nova Gorica
 * 1) Edolen1
 * Novo mesto
 * Velenje
 * Vransko
 * Zagorje ob Savi
 * 1) Roman Maurer a.k.a. romanm
 * Zirovnica
 * 1) Matija Podhraski a.k.a. matijap

title: Category talk:Wikipedians in Slovenia


text:
Talk:Assurance (theology)

Bias
The Resources for this page reveal one person's COMPLETE bias against the concept of Assurance and Eternal Security. (posted by an anonymous user)

 * Not a bias against assurance (in which I wholeheartedly believe), but a POV against eternal security. Yes.  Your point being what?  Are other concepts of assurance not fair game in this article?  KHM03 19:14, 23 August 2005 (UTC)

Wait, what? Did Augustine of Hippo believe in this or not?
The only quote about AoH here, given with no explanation, is:

 * "Since then by lying eternal life is lost, never for any man's temporal life must a lie be told."

What does this have to do with the subject? Anyone? Marnanel (talk) 17:43, 28 December 2007 (UTC)

 * I'd like to know the same thing. If there's a "see also" in a section, fine ... but a short summary is still needed. -Phoenixrod (talk) 06:00, 5 August 2008 (UTC)

 * And besides the quote is in need of explanation. When St. Augustine says that "by lying eternal life is lost", what he means is that lying is a mortal sin, and as such makes the sinner lose the eternal life within him, viz. grace, and in itself the prospect of eternal life. A modern reader would understand that once lied, you are certainly damned to Hell (viz. that in addition the sin were unforgivable) which is not what he said. And then there's also the point that according to the very general opinion of theologians if nothing less, while any (real) lie is a sin, only the malicious one is mortal; though I do not now know whether in this they corrected St. Augustine or only explained his real meaning further which does not completely shine forth in this specific quote.--77.4.90.46 (talk) 17:38, 14 August 2013 (UTC)

Duplicate Content - Removal
The Section on Comparison Between Protestants is a duplicate of identical content found in the article on Perseverance of the Saints. It belongs there and not here. Perseverance of the Saints and Assurance are two different topics.Itohacs 17:35, 10 July 2010 (UTC) —Preceding unsigned comment added by Itohacs (talk • contribs)

title: Talk:Assurance (theology)


text:
User:Brettie

HI, Brettie is a 29 years old, who lives in the small town of Sedro-Woolley, Washington He married to his wonderful wife Darcy, whom he loves so much! Brettie collects junk and antiques. He is Mason, raised at St. John's Lodge in Seattle. He plays in a one-man band the camerons. He is also an avid record collector.

my journal

title: User:Brettie


text:
Max Thurian

Max Thurian (16 August 1921 in Geneva, Switzerland – 15 August 1996 in Geneva, Switzerland) was the subprior of the Taizé community, an ecumenical monastic community in France. He was the subprior at Taizé from the time of its inception in the 1940s.

During the Second Vatican Council, he was invited by Pope Paul VI to observe the liturgical reform of the Catholic Mass. In 1969 he expressed that he was satisfied with the reforms of the council, under the mistaken belief that Protestants could receive Holy Communion along with Roman Catholics. The Roman Catholic Church does not usually allow non-Catholics reception of Holy Communion at Mass. On 12 May 1988, Thurian converted to Roman Catholicism and was ordained a priest. On 24 July 1996, he published an article in L'Osservatore Romano in which, while maintaining his complete approval for the liturgical reform, he lamented that in its practical implementation there was a risk that the Mass would lose "its character of mystery".

title: Max Thurian


text:
Wikipedia talk:Articles for deletion/ExamDiff 2

This discussion was aborted by a sysop deleting the article. It has been restored and discussion continues on Votes for deletion/ExamDiff (second nomination). --Tony Sidaway Talk 17:59, 23 August 2005 (UTC)


text:
Talk:Cart noodle

(Untitled)
I am unable to translate the following toppings into English, anyone can help??
 * 雞翼尖
 * 豆卜
 * 尤魚
 * 牛肚
 * 牛百葉
 * 牛腩

Ngau lam is "beef brisket". Shouldn't lo bak be translated as "parsnip"? --Breathstealer 12:47, 26 September 2005 (UTC)

Spelling
Under the section 'Typical combinations - Soup', the use of spelling is inconsistent, using 'flavoured' in one place and flavors in the other. Gamerktc12 (talk) 13:08, 30 December 2012 (UTC)

title: Talk:Cart noodle


text:
Geoff Keighley

Geoff Keighley (born June 24, 1978) is a Canadian video game journalist and television presenter, best known for his role as the host of several video game industry conferences & presentations. He is the executive producer and host of The Game Awards since its inception in 2014, having previously served as the executive producer of the Spike Video Game Awards. He also hosts and produces Summer Game Fest, and has hosted live events for trades fairs GamesCom and the now-defunct E3.

He previously hosted the video game show GameTrailers TV, and G4tv.com. Keighley is also a freelance writer whose work has appeared in Kotaku among other publications. His multi-media series The Final Hours, originally an article series published by GameSpot, features in-depth interviews and behind-the-scenes with developers of popular franchises like Portal, Mass Effect & Tomb Raider.

Early career
Keighley was born on June 24, 1978, and grew up in suburban Toronto. Both of Keighley's parents were executives at IMAX (and remain there as of 2022), which came with membership in the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Through his parents, he gained an appreciation of the Oscars and awards shows in general. He and his younger brother were exposed to computers and video games at a young age, both becoming fans of the medium. As a teenager, Keighley started GameSlice in 1996, a website for game reviews and journalism.

Keighley's foray into video game reporting and presentation had been through Cybermania '94, the first video game awards show broadcast on television. Keighley was fourteen at the time, but, through his father's connections, was brought in to help write lines for the celebrity hosts to read. The show was not considered successful, aimed more for comedy than celebration, but from it, Keighley was inspired to develop some type of equivalent of the Academy Awards for video games in his career.

Keighley entered into the University of Southern California in 1997 to obtain a business degree. During that time, he pitched to GameStop a series of long-form articles to delve into the development of some popular games, inspired by VH1's Behind the Music. His first such work was "Blinded by Reality: The True Story Behind the Creation of Unreal", covering the development of Unreal. He had been able to get access to some of the behind the scenes at Epic Games as he had been friends with Epic's co-founder Mark Rein during his youth in Toronto. Other such works Keighley wrote for GameSpot included deep dives into the development of Daikatana and Metal Gear Solid 2. Through these reports, Keighley gained numerous contacts with development studios, including open access to Valve. Following his business degree, Keighly entered into law school, inspired by a Time reporter suggesting he write in the crossover area of business and video games. Around this time in 2002, Keighley also began writing articles for Entertainment Weekly and Fortune, and was also brought as a co-host of The Electric Playground alongside Tommy Tallarico by the show's creator Victor Lucas.

Television appearances
Spike TV brought on Keighley to host his own show, GameTrailers TV with Geoff Keighley in 2003. He was also involved in other video game-related projects on television. On Comcast's G4 network, he appeared as the network's lead anchor for its E3 press conference coverage, interviewing CEOs from companies like Sony and Electronic Arts. For MTV he created the concept and produced (with LivePlanet) "Gears of War: Race to E3" and "Gears of War: Race to Launch", two specials that took viewers inside the development of the hit Xbox 360 game from Microsoft. And in 2007, the Discovery Channel aired a five-hour documentary on releases including those of such companies as World of Wonder Productions, based on a treatment by Keighley, who also served as consulting producer. Geoff has also hosted and co-produced a number of video game launch specials for Spike TV, including "Madden NFL 08 Kickoff" featuring a performance by Ozzy Osbourne and "Halo 3: Launched!" featuring a performance by Linkin Park. He was also interviewed on what became a controversial Fox News segment on Mass Effect, and was later praised by gamers online for being the only one on the show who had actually played the game.

Keighley had also come under some negative perception by gamers in 2012 after he was presenting information about Halo 4 while sitting among stands advertising Mountain Dew and Doritos products. Several people critiqued this presentation as a sign of a lack of journalism standards, and the scenario became known as "Doritosgate" within the gaming community while Keighley was derogatorily called "Dorito Pope". Eurogamer's Robert Florence criticized Keighley's presentation and the state of game journalism at that time: "Geoff Keighley is often described as an industry leader. A games expert. He is one of the most prominent games journalists in the world. And there he sits, right there, beside a table of snacks. He will be sitting there forever, in our minds. That's what he is now. And in a sense, it is what he always was." The event led to Keighley reviewing his current career.

Keighley was invited by the producers of Spike's Video Game Awards program to help with the programming from 2006 onward. In 2013, Spike changed the format of the show and rebranded the awards as the VGX Awards. To Keighley, the format became more commercial and promotional rather than a celebration of video game achievements, and coupled with the ridicule he faced from Doritosgate in 2012, he opted to leave the show.

The Game Awards and Summer Game Fest

Through 2014, he funded his own efforts to put together a new awards show, gaining the support of Microsoft, Sony, and Nintendo as well as major publications and industry leaders. Keighley thus established The Game Awards which were first presented in December 2014, and which Keighley remains the primary host.

In December 2016, Keighley was picked as a judge for the Viveport Developer Awards (VDAs).

Keighley was a participant of E3, the annual video game trade show, since its start, and from E3 2017 to E3 2019, Keighley arranged and hosted the E3 Coliseum, a live-streaming event running over the course of E3 that brought in developers and publishers at E3 for interviews and other discussions. However, with the Entertainment Software Association making significant changes to the format of E3 2020 (prior to its cancellation due to the COVID-19 pandemic), Keighley stated he would not be organizing an E3 Coliseum event nor attending the show for the first time in 25 years.

With E3's cancellation among other several other trade shows and events like Gamescom from the pandemic, Keighley worked with several major publishers and video game industry leaders to launch the first Summer Game Fest from May to August 2020. During this period, Keighley helped developers and publishers present game announcements and other presentations, along with Steam and Xbox to provide game demos during this period. Summer Game Fest was also held in 2021 and 2022 as a virtual event, and expanded to an in-person event in 2023.

Ongoing journalism
Keighley's has written a series of articles "The Final Hours", where he has in-depth access to the various studios near the end of a development period and write in depth about the process as the game is nearing completion. In more recent years, these articles are released as mobile apps. In a July 2008 interview on The Jace Hall Show, Keighley spoke about the importance of this process, stating "There's such a lack of investigative journalism. I wish I had more time to do more, sort of, investigation. Really dig into some of these bigger issues, so I could look at like, the 'Red Ring of Death' problem. That's never really been properly reported about, like what really happens."

Other appearances
Keighley appeared as a holographic character in the game Death Stranding. A mask of Geoff Keighley's face was also added to the video game Among Us. In August 2021, Geoff Keighley was cast as Uncle Theodore in Muppets Haunted Mansion. Keighley also had a brief cameo role in The Matrix Resurrections, as a game awards presenter.

title: Geoff Keighley


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Ajay

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was SPEEDY DELETE

Ajay
Non-notable bio. GeeJo (talk) 18:01, August 23, 2005 (UTC)
 * I've speedy deleted it. In the future, articles that make no claim of notability, like this one, can simply be tagged with a . Meelar (talk) 18:12, August 23, 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Ajay


text:
User:Kaicarver

Hi, I'm Kai Carver.

I've been making minor edits to Wikipedia articles for over 15 years (since 2005): at last count, over 2000 edits on 1000 English articles, 400 edits on 300 articles in French, and a few edits on other wikis, with a  global edit count approaching 3000 on 18 projects so far. So my contributions are modest (I'm one of 50,000), I make an edit every 2 or 3 days, and I'm a big fan of Wikipedia.

I edit articles on a pretty wide variety of topics. I usually come across topics because they caught my interest or because I wanted to check or learn something, not because I have any special expertise. I try to be careful with my contributions, and the slightest change takes me forever, but I still screw up sometimes, so apologies for any mistakes I make, and thank you for correcting them!

I live in Paris, France, and Taipei, Taiwan. I'm American, quite a bit French, half German, and 1/12th Spanish by repeated summer residence (if that makes any sense).

I work as a computer programmer, and occasionally as a translator. I studied science, and majored in philosophy, a long time ago.

I've always been a bit of a languages fan. And I love scripts.

My first encounter with wikis was around 1998, on Ward Cunningham's original wiki, where it seems my user page still lives (and here's an even older version).

Feel free to leave me a message on my Talk page.

Interesting stuff

 * Map with animation of Wiki edits in every language

 * Wikipedia motto of the day: inactive since mid-2015 (?), or just too silly, but old mottoes may still be fun to read.

 * someone or something left me a message here: https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%86_%DA%AF%D9%84_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA:Kaicarver#c-KaleemBot-20230524080700-%D8%AC%DB%8C_%D8%A2%DB%8C%D8%A7%DA%BA_%D9%86%D9%88%DA%BA%21 immediately after I visited the pnb (Western Punjabi?) page for Baklava when I was looking into different translations of the word... I think it's a welcome message, Google Translate tells me it's Urdu.

Stuff by me

 * My English contributions (plus some early anonymous ones).

 * 20+ English articles created by me, 2 French ones.

 * My other Wikipedia/Wikimedia pages: French, German, Wiktionary, Meta-Wiki, Wikibooks, Wikisource, wikimediastrategy.

 * Other wikis: Wikitravel, CEDICT Chinese dictionary (contributions ).

 * Edit counters: English, French. Another counter: English, French. Another French counter with stats.

 * Two overviews of my contributions in all the various wikipedias, with edit count for each and total edit count (about 1300 last time I looked):
 * my latest contributions in each wikipedia.
 * list of all wikimedia sites where I have a single user login (SUL).

Scraps
Example of using Wikipedia to research names of obscure (to me) 17th century composers:

 * Oeuvres de Pablo Bruna, Juan Cabanilles, Antonio de Cabezón, Francisco Correa de Arauxo, Peeter Cornet, Abraham van den Kerckhoven

idea for a wikipedia page needed in English and French: la Fontaine de Médicis in Jardin du Luxembourg:

 * Sicilian river-god Acis and milk-white sea-nymph Galatea loved each other, but jealous Cyclops Polyphemus killed Acis with a boulder.

 * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acis_and_Galatea_(mythology)

 * the Italian-style facade was built in 1631 for Queen Marie de Médicis. It became a fountain in 1799, and the sculpture was added in 1862.

 * http://www.senat.fr/visite/fontaine/

needs improvement:

 * translation of song http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piet_Pieterszoon_Hein

More scraps in a subpage: User:Kaicarver/Scraps

Ideas

 * Make web page that shows the translation of a term in all languages it has Wikipedia articles for. Use the API, e.g.: "Nitrogen", "Coffee", "Cinnamon". Use the list of all languages in Wikipedia and, for the English name of each language, see this list of Wikipedias (is there a better way via the API?). See Perl API client code: MediaWiki::Bot or MediaWiki::API for ways to interface the API in Perl.
 * I actually implemented that but I forget where...

 * Variation on edit count: view counts. Answering questions such as: how many total views have there been for the pages I created? How about for those I edited?

 * Also, an extension that displays the view count for every article (example JSON view counts for this page).

Tools
Some interesting Wikipedia tools I use or have tried out:
 * The Wikipedia Library : When you need a reference... and you can't find one for free on the web or in Google Books: the Wikipedia Library, a kind of reward or perk for active Wikipedia editors, can be really useful. I first used it for Niesen.
 * Tools/Navigation_popups (now easily activated via the General tab in Special:Preferences) : Very very nice and useful hover preview feature that everyone should be using. On to the clickless Web!
 * wikipedia-mode.el : Emacs major mode for editing Wikipedia articles. Works well with the It's All Text! Firefox extension. Swore I would use this when a Firefox crash made me lose an entire article I had written on Forbidden Planet writer Irving Block. I don't like submitting many edits.
 * MakeRef : Assist in the generation of reference tags, written by Magnus Manske. Could make it handier as a bookmarklet. I keep forgetting to use this. The nitty-gritty of citing sources is such a pain. Anyway here's a simple bookmarklet that creates a reference from a web page, using the page URL, title, and selected text, if any:  javascript:(function{ var sel=+(window.getSelection ? window.getSelection : document.getSelection ? document.getSelection : document.selection.createRange.text); var remoteWin=window.open(,,'resizable=yes,width=500,height=300,left=508,top=122'); remoteWin.document.write(' '); remoteWin.document.write('<ref>'+'['+location.href+' "'+document.title+'"] '+sel+'</ref>'); }); ''
 * MediaWiki API : Access lots of interesting info without that pesky UI. For example, here are lists of what's being edited right now in different languages: |timestamp|user&rclimit=20 en |timestamp|user&rclimit=20 fr |timestamp|user&rclimit=20 de |timestamp|user&rclimit=20 es |timestamp|user&rclimit=20 zh |timestamp|user&rclimit=20 ru (more here). And here lists of just the new articles: |timestamp|user&rctype=new&rcnamespace=0&rclimit=20 en |timestamp|user&rctype=new&rcnamespace=0&rclimit=20 fr |timestamp|user&rctype=new&rcnamespace=0&rclimit=20 de |timestamp|user&rctype=new&rcnamespace=0&rclimit=20 es |timestamp|user&rctype=new&rcnamespace=0&rclimit=20 zh |timestamp|user&rctype=new&rcnamespace=0&rclimit=20 ru.
 * Blame: Find addition of text in a page history : Determine who is responsible for a specific fragment of an article. Seems to be simpler and to work much better than WikiBlame below. Props to User:X!, who also runs one of the edit counters mentioned above.
 * WikiBlame : Determine who did what when. Interface could be better though. Ideally I could select some text in an article, click on a bookmarklet or button, and get the first revision where the text appeared.
 * wikEd (now easily activated via the General tab in Special:Preferences) : Enhanced text processing functions to edit pages in Firefox, using Javascript and a rich-text edit box. Impressive, but probably too fancy for me, and a bit slow, so I disabled it. I find editing articles hard due to the syntax and all. I'm still looking for a tool that makes it real easy, for example, to dash off a new article. It would make easy: imitating other similar articles, putting in the right categories, with the right templates, links to other languages, etc. Also I'd really love something that would simplify making references.
 * Wikipedia article traffic statistics : wherein it is revealed that in December 2010, Wikileaks beat Christmas (6 million visits vs. 3 million).
 * Stats on major language editions of Wikipedia (with pretty language flags) : from a Russian user's page. I'd like to find an English version of these stats boxes and flags.

Citation needed around the world

https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modèle:Référence_nécessaire

de:Benutzer:Kaicarver es:Usuario:Kaicarver fr:Utilisateur:Kaicarver ru:Участник:Kaicarver zh:用户:Kaicarver

More vanity/humility
https://xtools.wmflabs.org/pages/en.wikipedia.org/Kaicarver/all

Special:Statistics

https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/all-projects

https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/User:Kaicarver/

Userboxes
Hmm, dunno about those buttons, or userboxes or whatever those are... Like many things on Wikipedia, they're a pain to use. Click, scroll, copy, change page, paste, repeat... If there was one page where I could quickly select those that I want... Still, kind of a neat way to explore the Wikipedia universe. Makes me think of Scout badges... They're apparently controversial.

title: User:Kaicarver


text:
Reiner Schürmann

Reiner Schürmann (February 4, 1941 – August 20, 1993) was a philosopher and professor. From 1975 to his death, he was Professor of Philosophy at The New School for Social Research in New York City. He wrote all his major published work in French.

Biography
Born in Amsterdam in 1941 of German parents, Reiner Schürmann studied philosophy and theology with the Dominicans of Le Centre d'études du Saulchoir near Paris, between 1962 and 1969, and received a Doctorate in Philosophy from the University of Sorbonne in Paris in 1981.

It was as a Dominican priest that he first came to the United States in 1971, teaching first at The Catholic University of America in Washington, D.C., then at Duquesne University in Pittsburgh. In 1975, he left the priesthood and began teaching philosophy at the New School for Social Research as a protégé of Hannah Arendt and Hans Jonas.

He "died of complications caused by AIDS on August 20, 1993 in New York City", three years after his partner, Québécois painter Louis Comtois.

Work
One of Schürmann's best-known works is Heidegger on Being and Acting: From Principles to Anarchy (1990 reprint ISBN 0-253-20602-2). In this work, Schürmann reflects on the difference between the findings of Heidegger the thinker and the beliefs of Heidegger the man, and incidentally shows Heidegger's intellectual honesty in following these thoughts in spite of his personal upbringing and beliefs.

In his only literary work, Les Origines, which was awarded the Prix Broquette-Gonin by the Académie Française in 1977, he provides an autobiographical account of a pilgrimage of errancy, a search for redemption from the inauthentic thrownness of a past filled with memories of guilt and despair, of being born German during World War II, "too late to see the war, too early to forget it."

In 1996, the French philosopher Gérard Granel published posthumously the French original of Schürmann's monumental work Broken Hegemonies ("Des Hégémonies brisées", Mauvezin, T.E.R., 1996).

Published works

 * Maître Eckhart et la joie errante ("Master Eckhart and the Wandering Joy", 1972; translated into English as Meister Eckhart: Mystic and philosopher, 1978)
 * Les Origines ("Origins", 1977)
 * Le Principe d'anarchie: Heidegger et la question de l'agir, 1982; tr. From Principles to Anarchy: Heidegger on Being and Acting (1987)
 * Des Hégémonies brisées, posthumous publication, 1996; tr. Broken Hegemonies'', 2003).
 * Meister Eckhart: German mystic by Father Reiner Schürmann, O.P. on Britannica

title: Reiner Schürmann


text:
User:Piranha/ToDo

 * start a list of articles that i want to write
 * organise bookmarks for cleaning, tagging, and sleuthing tasks
 * add self to project teams

title: User:Piranha/ToDo


text:
Natural Supernaturalism

Natural Supernaturalism is one of Thomas Carlyle's philosophical concepts. It derives from the name of a chapter in his novel Sartor Resartus (1833–34) in which it is a central tenet of Diogenes Teufelsdröckh's "Philosophy of Clothes". Natural Supernaturalism holds that "existence itself is miraculous, that life contains elements of wonder that can never be defined or eradicated by physical science."

Carlyle conceived of Natural Supernaturalism as a "new Mythus" consistent with the discoveries of modern science. Rather than regarding a miracle as "simply a violation of the Laws of Nature", Natural Supernaturalism is based on the idea that nature (and its laws) is itself miraculous, being "of quite infinite depth, of quite infinite expansion". Rodger L. Tarr writes that "According to natural supernaturalism, miracles are an extension of truth, not a corruption of it; mysteries are dimensions of science, not a repudiation of it; and wonder is the foundation of logic, not its antagonist."

In The Nuttall Encyclopaedia, Natural Supernaturalism is interpreted as "the supernatural found latent in the natural, and manifesting itself in it, or of the miraculous in the common and everyday course of things . . . a recognition at bottom, as the Hegelian philosophy teaches, and the life of Christ certifies, of the finiting of the infinite in the transitory forms of space and time."

Carlyle's "great Message"
Carlyle thought of Natural Supernaturalism as a corrective to the errors of the Enlightenment, as his journal entry for 13 February 1833 shows:"That the Supernatural differs not from the Natural is a great truth, which the last century (especially in France) has been engaged in demonstrating. The Philosophes went far wrong, however, in this, that instead of raising the Natural to the Supernatural, they strove to sink the Supernatural to the Natural. The gist of my whole way of thought is to do not the latter but the former."His journal entry for 31 March 1833 reiterated his conviction in the importance of this idea:"Neither fear thou that this thy great Message (of the Natural being the Supernatural) will wholly perish unuttered. One way or other it will and shall be uttered[.] Write it down on Paper any way; speak it from thee; so shall thy painful, destitute Existence not have been in vain."Carlyle wrote a piece dated 15 and 16 November 1852, which James Anthony Froude edited and published as "Spiritual Optics" in his biography of Carlyle. In it, Carlyle wrote of an altogether (totally) new (or hitherto unconceived) species of divineness, a divineness lying much nearer home than formerly. A divineness that does not come from Judea from Olympus, Asgard, Mt. Meru; but is in man himself, in the heart of every living man. The old "divineness" Carlyle speaks of is theism, which he compares to the Ptolemaic model, while Natural Supernaturalism is compared to the Copernican model. Just as the Copernican system superseded the Ptolemaic, Natural Supernaturalism represents "a 'revolution' [in 'our spiritual world'] such as never was before, or at least since letters and recorded history existed among us never was."

Influence
Carlyle's theory of Natural Supernaturalism was highly influential on British idealism. James Hutchison Stirling said that the chapter "contains the very first word of a higher philosophy as yet spoken in Great Britain, the very first English word towards the restoration and rehabilitation of the dethroned Upper Powers." Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau, two admirers of Carlyle, were also inspired by it. It therefore contributed greatly to American Transcendentalism.

The term has been used in a literary context (notably by M. H. Abrams) to discuss the work of Margaret Oliphant, Elizabeth Gaskell, the Brontë family, E. M. Forster, Eric Pankey and William Shakespeare.

title: Natural Supernaturalism


text:
Asilah

Asilah (أصيلة) is a fortified town on the northwest tip of the Atlantic coast of Morocco, about 31 km south of Tangier. Its ramparts and gateworks remain fully intact.

History
The town's history dates back to 1500 B.C., when Phoenicians occupied a site called Silis, Zili, Zilis, or Zilil (,, or , ) which is being excavated at Dchar Jdid, some 12 km NE of present Asilah; that place was once considered to be the Roman stronghold Ad Mercuri, but is now accepted to be Zilil. The town of Asilah itself was originally constructed by the Idrisid dynasty, and Umayyad caliph Al-Hakam II rebuilt the town in 966. The Portuguese conquered the city in 1471 and built its fortifications, but it was abandoned because of an economic debt crisis in 1549. In 1578, Sebastian of Portugal used Asilah as a base for his troops during a planned crusade that resulted in Sebastian's death, which in turn caused the Portuguese succession crisis of 1580. The Portuguese kept hold of the town but in 1589 the Moroccans briefly regained control of Asilah, but then lost it to the Spanish.

In 1692, the town was again taken by the Moroccans under the leadership of Moulay Ismail. Asilah served then as a base for pirates in the 19th and 20th centuries, and in 1829, the Austrians punitively bombarded the city due to Moroccan piracy.

From 1912 to 1956, it was part of Spanish Morocco. A major plan to restore the town was undertaken in 1978 by its mayor, Mohamed Benaissa. Benaissa and painter Mohamed Melehi were instrumental in organizing an art festival, the International Cultural Moussem of Asilah, that starting in 1978 began generating tourism income. It is credited with having promoted urban renewal in Asilah, and is one of the most important art festivals in the country. It played a role in raising the average monthly income from $50 in 1978 to $140 in 2014. The festival features local artwork and music and continues to attract large numbers of tourists.

Asilah is now a popular seaside resort, with modern holiday apartment complexes on the coast road leading to the town from Tangier. The old neighborhoods are restored and painted white, and the wealthy from Casablanca have their weekend getaways here.

Culture
While tourism dominates, Asilah is said to offer a good introduction to Morocco. It hosts annual music and arts festivals, including a mural-painting festival. Thursday is market day. The International Cultural Festival, held in August, features jazz and Moroccan music as well as art exhibitions. The festival is also the occasion for mural painting in which the medina's houses are painted with new murals every year.

Many of the houses of Asilah feature mashrabiya (oriel windows). The main cultural center is the Centre Hassan II des Rencontres Internationales (housed in a former Spanish barracks ), which hosts festivals in the summer.

Due to its proximity to Spain, the cuisine in Asilah is described as Ibero-Moroccan with notable delicacies including paella, anchovies, and other seafood with both Moroccan and Valencian flavor influences.

The medina
The old walled town (medina) of Asilah is well-preserved and dates mostly from the Portuguese occupation (15th-16th century) and afterwards. The medina has been heavily restored and its buildings are typically painted white, with occasionally blue or green, in addition to which can be found many of the murals created during the International Cultural Festival. Though the Portuguese rebuilt its outline of walls, it has the typical maze-like layout and alleys of an old Moroccan city.

Walls and towers
The walls of Asilah were first built by the Almohads and then restored and reinforced by the Marinids and the Wattasids. However, after the Portuguese took the city in 1471 they rebuilt the walls, making them more resistant to artillery, and modified the outline of the city, shrinking its perimeter for easier control. The current walls thus date almost entirely from the Portuguese occupation, with the possible exception of some parts of the seaside walls. There are two main gates in the walls, Bab Homar, in the mid-southern part of the walls, and Bab al-Qasaba, at the eastern end of the walls where the kasbah was once located. A rectangular tower in distinct Portuguese style, known as Borj al-Hamra ("Red Tower") or the Al-Qamra Tower, stands near the kasbah and overlooks an open square.

Grand Mosque of Asilah
The Grand Mosque of Asilah is located inside the former kasbah (citadel), at the eastern end of the medina. It was built under Moulay Ismail soon after the city was retaken for Morocco at the end of the 17th century. Moulay Ismail charged the new governor of Tangier, Ali ibn Abdallah Errifi, with building the mosque; however, it's possible that it was his son, Ahmed Errifi, who actually carried out the construction. It has an octagonal minaret, a feature common to some parts of northern Morocco but not in the rest of the country. With its whitewashed walls and minaret, its decoration is quite plain compared to other mosques built by the Errifis at the same time (such as the Kasbah Mosque in Tangier). Like other Moroccan mosques, it is open to Muslims only.

Raisuli Palace

This restored palace is in the mid-northern part of the medina, alongside the sea walls. It was built in 1909 by Moulay Ahmed er-Raisuni (also known as Raisuli), a local rogue and pirate who rose to power and declared himself pasha of the region. He rose to notoriety and wealth partly through kidnappings and ransoms, including of several Westerners who wrote about him afterwards. The palace has been restored and reveals some of the luxury in which Raisuli lived. It includes a lavish reception room with zellij tilework, carved stucco, and painted wood like in other Moroccan palaces. The reception room also gives access to a large loggia and terrace overlooking the sea. Raisuli infamously claimed that he executed convicted murderers by forcing them to jump from this terrace onto the sea rocks below.

Sidi Mansour cemetery
At the far western end of the medina is a Portuguese bastion extending out to sea, which is a popular spot for locals and tourists at sunset. In the angle between the bastion and the sea walls is a platform upon which is a small enclosed cemetery. It includes two small structures, the domed Marabout (mausoleum) of Sidi Ahmed ibn Moussa (also known as Sidi Ahmed el-Mansour and Sidi Mansour) and, across from it, the mausoleum of his sister, Lalla Mennana. Between these structures, the ground is covered with other graves which are covered in colourful ceramic tiles.

Church of San Bartolome
Located in the new city outside the medina, this Roman Catholic Church was built by Spanish Franciscans in 1925. It is still used as a convent today and is one of the few churches in Morocco allowed to ring in public for Sunday mass. Its architecture is a mix of Spanish Colonial and Moorish styles.

Notable people

 * Mouhamed El Bouanani (b. 1929), poet
 * Ahmed Abdessalam Bakkali (1932–2010), diplomat, writer and translator
 * Mehdi Akhrif (b. 1948), writer and translator
 * Nora Skalli (b. 1974), actress

title: Asilah


text: User talk:216.239.124.38

title: User talk:216.239.124.38


text:
Talk:Pato

[Untitled]
The game was played by the aborigines before the arrival of the spaniards? Really? What's the source? I don't know much, but for what I know, been no horses or ducks in America before the arribal of the sapaniards, how is it possible fot the indians to play pato? I don't think so (or at least it feels rather dubious...) Jfa < > 18:02, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * It has been corrected. Anyways, some people don't have no sense of humor. elpincha 22:42, 16 November 2005 (UTC)

Not sure about the ducks, but certianly no horses before the Spanish arrival. Speaking of ducks, I just corrected a mis-translation of "pato" from some American professional wrestler to the more traditional meaning -- duck. Cavebutter 17:45, 7 December 2006 (UTC)

are you sure the good —Preceding unsigned comment added by 186.136.60.38 (talk) 20:22, 22 September 2010 (UTC)

title: Talk:Pato


text:
Talk:La Fontaine, Indiana

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

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 * Added archive https://archive.is/20160602200744/http://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2015/SUB-EST2015.html to http://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2015/SUB-EST2015.html

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title: Talk:La Fontaine, Indiana


text:
Talk:Lagro, Indiana

Orphaned references in Lagro, Indiana
I check pages listed in Category:Pages with incorrect ref formatting to try to fix reference errors. One of the things I do is look for content for orphaned references in wikilinked articles. I have found content for some of Lagro, Indiana's orphans, the problem is that I found more than one version. I can't determine which (if any) is correct for this article, so I am asking for a sentient editor to look it over and copy the correct ref content into this article.

Reference named "nris": From List of Catholic churches in the United States:  From National Register of Historic Places:

I apologize if any of the above are effectively identical; I am just a simple computer program, so I can't determine whether minor differences are significant or not. AnomieBOT ⚡ 23:29, 30 July 2016 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 2 external links on Lagro, Indiana. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive http://www.webcitation.org/6HQu4Spqa?url=http://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2012/SUB-EST2012.html to http://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2012/SUB-EST2012.html
 * Added archive https://archive.is/20160602200744/http://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2015/SUB-EST2015.html to http://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2015/SUB-EST2015.html

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title: Talk:Lagro, Indiana


text: Talk:North Manchester, Indiana

title: Talk:North Manchester, Indiana


text: Talk:Roann, Indiana

title: Talk:Roann, Indiana


text:
User talk:Spook1979

Image Tagging Image:OE-LIR.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:OE-LIR.jpg. I notice it currently doesn't have an image copyright tag, so its copyright status is therefore unclear. Please add a tag to let us know its copyright status. (If you created/took the picture then you can use to release it under the GFDL. If you can claim fair use use  .)  If you don't know what any of this means, just let me know on the image description page where you got the images and I'll tag them for you. Otherwise, see Image copyright tags for the full list of copyright tags that you can use. Thanks so much. --Secretlondon 18:03, 23 August 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Spook1979


text:
Talk:Atkinson cycle

Animation
An illustration would make this page a lot clearer. (anon user, Aug 23 2005)

Sorry, Carlton Bale! Your edit was not in keeping with the Atkinson cycle heading. The rotary engine has been placed before the four strokes as it more closely conforms to the true Atkinson cycle (one power phase per revolution and different intake/expansion volumes). The original Atkinson engine completed its cycle in one revolution not two revolutions as in a four stroke engine. The different Intake/expansion volumes are achieved by late valve closing in the four stroke engine. This is not really comparable with the original Atkinson design which was based on geometric principles, as is the rotary engine. Regards, Sowilo 19:30, 2 November 2006 (UTC)

Fluzwup; Your previous edit removed a working animation. This has now been reinstated. I have been for many years researching new applications of the Atkinson cycle. The rotary Atkinson cycle engine is currently undergoing computer simulations. This engine represents a major step forward in the use of this thermodynamic cycle. Therefore I would suggest that the entry should remain unaltered unless you have some valid reason why it should not. Regards, Sowilo 11:35, 3 November 2006 (UTC)

 * The animation did not play in Firefox 127.0 for iOS 2600:1700:2C90:A9E0:5DBE:E3C9:65DA:C072 (talk) 23:10, 11 June 2024 (UTC)

Text and diagram don't agree
The text of the "Ideal thermodynamic cycle" section and the PV diagram in figure 1 don't agree. The diagram shows an addition of heat at constant pressure (3-4) that follows the step 2 addition of heat at constant volume (step 2a?). Step 4, the rejection of heat at constant pressure is clearly a rejection of heat at constant volume (5-6) in the diagram. Lastly, there's a reduction of volume at constant pressure (6-1) in the diagram that's not reflected in the text.

Unfortunately, I don't know how an Atkinson engine works (that's why I was looking here!), so I don't know whether it's the text or the diagram that's in error.

ExDonH (talk) 16:21, 18 September 2008 (UTC)
 * I believe the diagram is wrong. However, it is possible that two different cycles might be called "Atkinson" or possibly the diagram is of what is called the "Atkinson-Diesel" cycle. I am looking into this but am rather on the boundary of my knowledge. Expert advice very much appreciated! Thincat (talk) 13:50, 9 January 2009 (UTC)

alexander.mitsos I am looking at one of the references (Heywood's ICE book) and the cycle is given in four steps isentropic compression, isochoric heating, isentropic expansion, isobaric cooling. This matches several documents online. There may be two versions of the cycle? However the article needs thorough change.

Production year
Clarified to model year, production year can be the same leading to confusion. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Jappahut (talk • contribs) 18:52, 29 October 2009 (UTC)

 * Since we have the standard dilemma of US vs the rest of the world and the years are not particularly important in this article, I figure it's easier to simply delete the years. All these particular models are current models anyway. Cheers.  Stepho   (talk) 22:23, 29 October 2009 (UTC)

 * Hmmm... according to this CNet article, the 2019 Honda Insight hybrid will use an Atkinson engine to run its generator (to charge the Li-Ion battery pack and power the front drive motors) AND have the ability to latch up directly to the front drive axles, but the previous version[s] of the Insight did not use an Atkinson engine. I don't see how dropping the model year/s is going to continue working in that section. Darr247 (talk) 19:37, 21 June 2018 (UTC)
 * You do realise you are responding to a thread 9 years old? Also, the 2019 model year Insight has not been released yet, so it cannot go in a list of production cars. When it is released we can add it and update the 'as of' date.  Stepho  talk 22:00, 21 June 2018 (UTC)

Could be better
Both this one and the article about the Miller cycle are filled with assumptions, spin-off examples, an half-trues.

Miller cycle/engine: It should be possible to find proper references (patent by Ralph Miller?). To my knewledge, this uses altered valve timing to achive a difference between compression and expansion ratio of a 4-stroke engine. This type/technical solution is the one several engine manufacturers use today (the listed examples) to get either reduced compression ratio (knock preventing, boosted engines), or increased expansion ratio (efficiency, naturally aspirated engines e.g. the engine used in later Toyota Prius cars ).

Atkinson (much older) used a special crank mechanism that also gave such difference. Side effect of this mechanism: 1 cycle <=> 1 crankshaft revolution <=> 4 piston strokes. To my knewledge, no mfg use this one, despite that they say that they do (Toyota?).

Is'nt there some student, or anyone else, that have time and can gain some credit for it, to do some research and rewrite these articles? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 193.12.111.194 (talk) 14:10, 10 October 2011 (UTC)

Rotary Atkinson cycle engine: Expand as a main article
The Rotary Atkinson cycle engine is a very interesting topic in its own right. Its also complex; what is described and explained here appears to be just the tip of an iceberg. It should be expanded into its own article, Rotary Atkinson cycle engine. I've temporarily redirected that page to Atkinson cycle. — James Haigh (talk) 2013-03-13 T 02:23:17Z —Preceding undated comment added 02:23, 13 March 2013 (UTC)

 * If you have information then please do add it. You can add it to this article for the moment. If it gets to be more than a handful of paragraphs, then we can split it into its own article. But beware not to just duplicate large bits of the Otto cycle rotary article - ie we only need the bits that are different to the Otto cycle rotary. Cheers.  Stepho  talk 08:19, 13 March 2013 (UTC)

Atkinson differential engine - diagram request
I've put in a new section on this, and I've described its operation with a word picture, also giving a book reference. However, the section should really have a proper diagram showing the Atkinson differential engine's internal workings, but the only images I've found so far have been for the engine's external appearance, e.g. at http://www.pbase.com/captain_carl/image/86215717 and http://www.pbase.com/captain_carl/image/86215675, and I don't know their copyright status anyway. Can someone who knows how to do it work up my description, those images, and maybe material from the book reference I gave into proper graphics for this section, ideally an animated gif? Thanks in advance. PMLawrence (talk) 11:18, 30 May 2014 (UTC)

Change needed in'Modern Atkinson Engine Cycle, section.
About mid away through the first paragraph in thE section on the modern Atkinson, the following sentence appears (w/ no reference provided); .

'...when this occurs, all the available energy has been obtained from the combustion process...' . This statement suggests naive ignorance of the laws of thermodynamics and their strict enforcement, or a calous wanton defiance. Either way, suggesting all the available energy has been removed mean the exhaust was no warmer than ambient, and that a pump would need to add energy back to enable flow out the tailpipe. 166.173.248.167 (talk) 10:20, 15 October 2015 (UTC) BGriffin

Modern Atkinson Engine
So it's just a regular Otto cycle engine with slightly different valve timing? It sounds like engines with variable valve timing could operate somewhere between Atkinson and Otto cycles. 24.85.213.54 (talk) 16:36, 17 October 2015 (UTC)

 * The complicated linkage that has been done away with is 'the Atkinson cycle" part! this is by definition an Otto cycle engine with variable valve timing! It is dishonest marketing by the likes of Toyota. They have a good product, why must they be dishonest about it. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 58.96.55.7 (talk) 04:06, 10 July 2016 (UTC)

 * Not quite. VVT is mostly about advancing or retarding one or more cams but generally the duration of each cam remains the same. However, variable valve lift often has a side effect of changing the duration.
 * The defining characteristic of the Atkinson cycle in terms of how the fuel burns is the expansion ratio can be different (usually longer) than the compression ratio. This gives the power stroke more chance to burn 100% so that there is no excess pressure left to derive power from - ie 100% power recovered. Of course, we will never get 100% but that's still the goal we aim for. Note also that VVT has the same duration for both the compression stroke and power/expansion stroke regardless of how advanced or retarded each cam is.
 * The other characteristic is more to do with the linkage avoiding Otto's patents.
 * Modern so-called Atkinson engines have the first characteristic by leaving the valve open during the compression stroke, effective cancelling part of the compression stroke and therefore altering the compression ratio. Whereas power/expansion stroke is left unaltered and gets the entire duration. Thus the compression and expansion ratios can be quite different according to the duration the inlet valve remains open during the compression stroke.
 * However, modern, so-called Atkinson engines do not follow the linkage of the original engine.
 * The article did point out that the modern version follows the burn characteristics but not the linkage design. Therefore, I think your wide-sweeping changes to the article to say that these modern engines are just Otto engines with VVT was not quite accurate. To a reader it sounds more like you have an axe to grind than an informative article.  Stepho  talk 15:00, 11 July 2016 (UTC)

 * I agree the vvt stuff was misleading and wrong and soapbox. Greglocock (talk) 17:29, 11 July 2016 (UTC)

 * Face-palm - So what you guys are saying is that my old 1970's ford Cleveland is now a Atkinson engine due to its Hot cam and resulting increased intake valve duration? Because your Otto cycle engine has revised valve timing that may more efficiently extract energy from a given charge, does not make it any variation of an Atkinson cycle engine. Note: It cannot be both an Otto cycle and an Atkinson cycle.

 * "The other characteristic is more to do with the linkage avoiding Otto's patents." Just think about that for a moment! without the linkage this engine is infact an Otto cycle engine! Atkinson did not patent Boyles law, he patented an engine, one with very defined features. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 59.100.214.26 (talk) 03:38, 12 July 2016 (UTC)

 * Wow, your 1970 Ford 351 had a different compression ration compared to its own expansion ration? Ford engineers were more advanced than I thought. I wonder why my 1975 Cleveland didn't have that feature? Of course, we're both being facetious and we both know it.
 * As I mentioned above, there are 2 features of the Atkinson cycle - the difference between compression and expansion ratios within the same engine that affects how the fuel is burnt and the particular system of linkages. I believe that the way the fuel is burnt is the primary consideration and that the linkage system is not particular important. A similar situation exists with the Otto cycle - it can be used in a conventional crank engine or in a Wankel rotary engine. The conventional and Wankel engine are about as different as you can get internally but both implement the Otto cycle and the fuel burns in the same way. Which implies that the system of linkages is not actually a defining criteria of the cycle but is only one way of implementing it.
 * Also, VVT does not normally change the effective compression ratio. Only by radically changing the timing so that the inlet valve remains open during the early part of the piston up stroke (what would normally be part of the compression stroke) would this happen. So, it is possible that a particular VVT configuration could be made to awkwardly simulate an Atkinson cycle by effectively cancelling part of the compression but we can not say that all VVT engines can do this because most VVT engines have limits to how far they can alter the timing. Or to put it another way - a horse has four legs, my dog has four legs, therefore my dog is a horse. A better way to simulate an Atkinson cycle is to alter the duration of the inlet valve so that it extends into the compression stroke - something VVT does not do.
 * And with a bit of design work, it is possible to make an engine that can change from Otto cycle to Atkinson cycle while running by changing the timing and duration of the inlet valve.

 * I'm not saying that you don't have a point. The article can be cleaned up a bit but your changes went too far in the other direction and introduced errors concerning what VVT can do.  Stepho  talk 06:09, 12 July 2016 (UTC)

"I'm not saying that you don't have a point. The article can be cleaned up a bit but your changes went too far in the other direction and introduced errors concerning what VVT can do." - you are absolutely talking about what VVT does do, this is VVT! - I cannot believe you are sticking to your guns on this! — Preceding unsigned comment added by 59.100.214.26 (talk) 07:05, 12 July 2016 (UTC)

"And with a bit of design work, it is possible to make an engine that can change from Otto cycle to Atkinson cycle while running by changing the timing and duration of the inlet valve." - Garbage, you are wrong. you are calling a horse a dog in your words. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 59.100.214.26 (talk) 06:58, 12 July 2016 (UTC)

CHANGING THE VALVE TIMING DOES NOT CHANGE THE FUNDAMENTAL 'CYCLE' OF AN ENGINE — Preceding unsigned comment added by 59.100.214.26 (talk) 07:07, 12 July 2016 (UTC)

 * We seem to be stuck on what VVT can and can not do. I will explain what I think it does and you can tell me where we differ.
 * VVT advances or retards the cam(s). It can do this to one or both cams. On some implementations it changes both cams the same amount and on other implementations it changes them separately. The amount of time the valve stays open does not change.  Stepho  talk 07:34, 12 July 2016 (UTC)

The point on which we differ: The fact that these engines can alter their duration or timing having an impact on their cycle type. I do not want to get into a 'over simplified' exchange of ideas and some resulting compromise...but here we go (FML), If I took a conventional Otto cycle engine, ground a cam up for increased intake duration, such that the intake valves close when the piston is half way up the cylinder, it is still an Otto cycle engine and still not an Atkinson cycle engine (albeit a low performance Otto cycle engine). The Valve timing/duration altering technology does not change the engines cycle type. N.B. if I have a wild cam in my vehicle, and it does increase the duration significantly enough to bump the compression cycle, then the effective compression ratio is different from the measured compression ratio...So...you were also wrong about me being facetious, I am more frustrated. A little about me: I am a Mechanical Engineer with a strong background in Automotive. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 59.100.214.26 (talk) 07:57, 12 July 2016 (UTC)

 * I am a mechanical engineer with 35 years in the automotive product development game. I suggest you go and read Heywood on the topic of over expanded engines as he calls them . Greglocock (talk) 08:36, 12 July 2016 (UTC)

 * Greglocock, I have to say that I am surprised that you would take the position that you have with those credentials, or perhaps not after further thought pertaining to my experience with career academics and shiny bum engineers! The text speaks of 'complete expansion within the cylinder to exhaust pressure' and that effect can be achieved in 'conventional four cycle engines', Even if it did go on to call those four cycle engines the 'A' word, I could point you to many, many poor decisions made by note-worthy people. Firstly, the text differentiates between the two, secondly, you are making a very loose connection, I am not sure the author expected manufacturers to con certain demographics by calling their engines something they are not. I will never agree that valve timing changes the stroke type. How engaged in this marketing are you exactly? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 59.100.214.26 (talk) 09:02, 12 July 2016 (UTC)

 * Guys, I am sorry if I have come off a little harsh, but from where I am standing, it is just silly beyond words. You really need to fix this page! It is misleading. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 59.100.214.26 (talk) 09:02, 12 July 2016 (UTC)

 * I suggest that there is a difference between harsh and hypocritical idiocy, and to me the second seems a better description of your posts. Why is it OK for you to quote your qualifications but not me to quote mine?Greglocock (talk) 13:29, 12 July 2016 (UTC)

 * For the record, I am a software engineer of 30 years experience who writes software for ECU's on CNG vehicles. Recent projects include the Volvo V60 and V70 Bi-Fuel vehicles. But my technical qualifications are in mathematics and software rather than the mechanical engineering field, so I'm prepared to be taught when needed.
 * A cycle is defined by its PV diagram. If different implementations follow the same PV diagram then they are the same cycle. I was trying to say this above when I compared the Otto cycle in conventional crank engines and Wankel engines - same cycle, different implementations. The internal details of linkages is relevant to stress analysis of the linkages and bearings and highly relevant to patent lawyers but irrelevant to thermodynamic analysis of the cycle itself.
 * If we compare PV diagrams of the Otto and Atkinson cycles we can see that they are identical except for the tail at the right covering the end of the expansion process and the beginning of the compression process. Heywood has diagrams 5-6 and 5-11 on pages 174 and 184. For those who don't have Heywood, http://www.mikalsen.eu/papers/natGasMiller.pdf by Mikalsen has PV diagrams in Figure 2 (although technically figure 2b is a Miller cycle but it is close enough for our purposes).
 * From the PV diagram, it is obvious that the Atkinson cycle can be thought of as the same as an Otto cycle where the expansion continues a bit longer (the downward curve goes for longer), or equivalently where the compression cycle is delayed a bit (the return towards the left is constant pressure for a while before compression starts to raise the pressure).
 * Modern engines using the Atkinson name achieve that delayed compression by extending the open time of the inlet valve into that period, nullifying any possible compression, and therefore can be analysed thermodynamics as an Atkinson cycle.
 * Since this is implemented by merely extending the opening time of the inlet valve, it is possible to implement this using VVT (as suggested). In practice this is beyond the range that VVT normally operates (a not insurmountable objection). But since VVT advances/retards both the opening and closing times of the inlet valve, any extension into the compression stroke also means delaying the opening inlet valve time, which robs us of the incoming charge. We need to extend the duration of the inlet valve to make a practical engine and VVT does not do this.
 * But as I said above, I'm prepared to be shown where I'm wrong or misguided.  Stepho  talk 14:33, 12 July 2016 (UTC)

Stop confusing yourself with your views of VVT. I suspect you are set on some existing commercially available product. For this discussion it is not important, as above, think about a conventional engine with a different camshaft. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 59.100.214.26 (talk) 21:10, 12 July 2016 (UTC)

Guys, I do not accept or believe that you can define an engines 'Cycle' by its thermodynamics. To say that its thermodynamics behave like this other engine with this other 'Cycle' (which it doesn't btw, as the Atkinson cycle does it all in one turn of the crank instead of two) seems like some very strange perversion.

"A cycle is defined by its PV diagram." - A grade bolonium, you are confused, Atkinson cycle and Otto cycle describe physical mechanical properties of an engine, these may have characteristic 'thermodynamic cycles', but these do not define the fundamental mechanics of these engines. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 59.100.214.26 (talk) 22:25, 12 July 2016 (UTC)

 * "Stop confusing yourself with your views of VVT." I explained above what I thought VVT did and invited you to correct me. Instead you hand waved that away and jumped to a different topic. Now you want to chastise me on what you think is my incorrect understanding of VVT. I'm more than happy to be taught where I am wrong but hand waving followed by chastising is unhelpful and just plain rude on your part.
 * I have also pointed out that the Otto cycle can be implemented on both conventional crank engines and on Wankel rotary engines, yet have totally different internals. Do you agree or disagree with this statement?
 * Please sign your messages with four tildes (eg  ) at the end instead of relying on SineBot.  Stepho  talk  01:10, 13 July 2016 (UTC)

 * Stepho - You are killing me. You keep saying that you are more than happy to be taught. Please walk your talk! This is a very simple matter that you are repeatedly over complicating, I am not going to engage you on the Wankels, because once again, you are asking me to accept conditions that will lead me to your conditional truth, I do not accept your conditions. Let me ask you two very simple questions: 1. Is a Toyota Prius engine covered by the Otto cycle engine patent? 2. Is a Toyota Prius engine covered by the Atkinson cycle engine patent? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 59.100.214.26 (talk) 03:08, 13 July 2016 (UTC)

 * Ah, so you refuse to engage in any topic of conversation that may not support your view.
 * Since both the Otto and Atkinson patents expired a century ago, then the Prius engine is covered by neither patent. However, if you can point to a patent that says the Prius is covered by the Otto or Atkinson cycle then I will be happy to read it.
 * Please sign your messages with four tildes (eg  ) at the end instead of relying on SineBot.  Stepho  talk  04:01, 13 July 2016 (UTC)

 * Stepho - the Wankel thermodynamic cycle and what you think of it, the patent expiry dates and your interpretation of variable valve timing is immaterial with reference to the actual discussion which is "the inappropriate use of the term Atkinson cycle to describe Otto cycle engines". No amount of ducking and weaving will make you correct.59.100.214.26 (talk) 04:47, 13 July 2016 (UTC)

 * I see your debating technique is to hand wave your opponent's arguments as 'immaterial' without actually discussing them.

 * The article name is 'Atkinson cycle ', which is shorthand for 'Atkinson thermodynamic cycle'? As pointed out above, the Otto cycle can be implemented in different manners (conventional crank engines and rotary engines for 2 examples). Therefore, it is reasonable that the Atkinson cycle can also be implemented in different manners that obey the same thermodynamic cycle. If we were discussing an article titled 'Atkinson patent' then we would have to agree that the linkages outlined in the patent are definitive and the discussion would be closed. If the article title was 'Atkinson engine' then we could have a discussion about whether we are talking about a thermodynamic cycle or a particular method to implement it as given in the patent. But the article is about the thermodynamic cycle and the article is therefore free to talk about multiple ways to implement it. A cycle is not bound by one particular method of implementing it.

 * I will give a further example of how engines can implement different cycles. In my day job we take a diesel engine from a manufacturer. This of course implements the Diesel thermodynamic cycle. We remove the injectors and insert spark plugs in their place. We then change the manifold to a new one that we designed that has CNG injectors and a throttle. We then add appropriate plumbing and electrics to control these. This engine now runs the Otto thermodynamic cycle using CNG. Note that we did not change anything else internal to the engine - external bolt-on changes only. The same internals can run both Diesel and Otto cycles depending on the external bolt-on parts. The engine manufacturer then implements our design on their own production line. I have previously pointed out that thermodynamic cycles can be implemented multiple ways and I have now pointed out that the same set of linkages can implement different thermodynamic cycles. Thermodynamic cycles are not necessarily limited to a particular method of implementation.

 * Wikipedia etiquette for these discussions is detailed at WP:BRD. We normally don't change an article while it is under discussion. If you feel we are stagnating then you can ask for more input from Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Automobiles or any other project you think might be appropriate.  Stepho  talk 00:10, 18 July 2016 (UTC)

 * "I see your debating technique is to hand wave your opponent's arguments as 'immaterial' without actually discussing them." Stepho, I was trying to simplify things for you because you keep trying to complicate things are have your conditions accepted and your needs met. I think you are quite malicious and your intent is not in the interests of those trying to learn, or in the spirit of Wikipedia. Imposing 'thermodynamic cycle' over "*" cycle is straight garbage. I'll say it again, "an engines thermodynamic characteristics do not define its type", unfortunately for you, that is something you cannot control/change! — Preceding unsigned comment added by 59.100.214.26 (talk) 23:56, 19 July 2016 (UTC)

Since we are having trouble convincing each other, I have asked at Wikipedia_talk:WikiProject_Automobiles for other editors to comment here. Please feel free to ask at any other project for others to comment.

If you think I am malicious and acting against the interest of Wikipedia then you should report me to the Wikipedia administrators. You can do this at WP:Administrators' noticeboard/Incidents. You can also read WP:DISPUTE for other possible actions.

You have stated your position a number of times. But you have not explained why your position is right or why my position is wrong. Can you provide some support for your argument.  Stepho  talk 01:53, 20 July 2016 (UTC)

 * No comments from the guys at the Automobiles project to help us resolve our stalemate, so I have put the same post at Wikipedia_talk:WikiProject_Engineering. Please feel free to ask at any other project for others to comment.  Stepho  talk 08:03, 23 July 2016 (UTC)

''Are you guys serious? If you talk about the Atkinson Cycle Engine, you mean the patent of 1887 with its linkage. If you refer to an Atkinson-cycle engine you are talking about any kind of engine following the thermodynamic cycle, starting with Atkinson's own Utilite Engine.'' — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2A02:8070:21A2:A700:9284:DFF:FEF5:C9F8 (talk) 13:37, 4 January 2017 (UTC)

Torque?
I've seen some sources say that Atkinson cycle engines have comparatively poor low end torque. There's no mention of torque in this article (odd for an engine article). Any reason to doubt these sources? --Juventas (talk) 01:55, 7 June 2017 (UTC)

Do you mean real Atkinson engines, about which I know nothing, or modern 'over expanded' engines, ie short intake long exhaust timing? They'll be gutless compared with a normal valve timing at the same rpm and capacity because they suck in less mixture. Greglocock (talk) 03:54, 7 June 2017 (UTC)

Can actual efficiency numbers be provided?
This article and related articles make multiple statements along the lines of "The Atkinson cycle is designed to provide efficiency at the expense of power density." Can some comparative numbers be provided here or elsewhere? Thanks. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 23.29.213.104 (talk) 21:20, 22 October 2019 (UTC)

 * The nature of an open wiki is that if you can find those numbers then you can add them yourself. We can help you with the formatting side.  Stepho  talk 22:19, 22 October 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:Atkinson cycle


text:
Wikipedia:WikiProject U.S. Roads/U.S. Routes

Hello and welcome to the U.S. Routes Task Force! If you would like to help, please jump in and start adding or editing.

Scope and goals
This task force covers all components of the U.S. Highway System. The goal is to standardize the format of the U.S. Highway articles.

Resources

 * Completion list
 * WikiProject U.S. Roads/Resources/AASHTO minutes

Structure
See WP:USRD/STDS for the preferred structure of this project's articles.

Naming conventions
All articles are to be named "U.S. Route x". For articles that cover a segment of a longer U.S. Routes in a specific state, state-detail U.S. Route pages are to be named "U.S. Route X in Y". (where X is the route number and Y is the state name)

If more than one route of the same number exists then a disambiguation page needs to be made for that U.S. Route at "U.S. Route X". The separate routes are then given their own pages, disambiguated by state.

Categories

 * Category:United States Numbered Highway System
 * All primary US highways without their own category go here with a 2 digit sort code (08 for US-8, 85 for US-85, etc.)

 * Category:U.S. Highways in California (or Arizona, etc... there is even one for District of Columbia and Puerto Rico)
 * All US highways that run through that state go here. For 2dis, use a 2 digit sort code as above. For 3dis, follow this example: 05-7 for US-705. 25-8 for US-825.

Stub
UShighway-stub

Designates this article relating to U.S. Routes as a stub. Articles are listed in Category:United States Numbered Highways stubs.

Barnstar
The U.S. Highways Barnstar

Routes with state sub articles
Type the following code at the bottom of the article after US Highways.

In between the start and end templates, the state browse templates should be added. These templates exist in the form

where XX is the two-letter abbreviation of the state in lowercase (California is ca, New York is ny, etc.).

Routes without state sub articles
In this case, the state browse templates should go into the infobox.

Type the following code at the bottom of the infobox under |browse=
 * browse=

where XX is the two-letter abbreviation of the state in lowercase (California is ca, New York is ny, etc.).

For the above parameters here's what you should fill in:
 * previous_type: previous route (by number) in that state. Interstate, US (for U.S. routes), and (2-letter state abbrev.).
 * previous_route: route number.
 * route: a link to the list page for that state's highway system.
 * next_type: the same as previous_type, but for the next route.
 * next_route: same as previous_route, but for the next route.

Project notice
Goes on the talk page of each article; add any states as needed. Assessment info is located at WikiProject U.S. Roads/Assessment.

Navigation
US Highways

Goes on every article listed in it.

User templates
Wikipedia:WikiProject U.S. Roads/U.S. Routes/Userbox The resulting userbox is shown below.


text: File:Against All Authority - Destroy What Destroys You.jpg


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Neology

Neology ("study of new [things]") was the name given to the rationalist theology of Germany or the rationalisation of the Christian religion. It was preceded by slightly less radical Wolffism.

Chambers English Dictionary of 1872 adds the application of this term specifically to new theological doctrines, especially those arising from German Rationalism: which would have been by those who deprecated them.

The Swedish encyclopaedia Nationalencyklopedin defines neology as a type of Protestant theology during the second half of 18th century, to large extent formed by ideas from the Enlightenment including British deism.

According to Encyclopaedia Britannica, neology was based on the downplaying of revelation, fulfillment of biblical prophecies, and miracles, in favor of reason as the most important tool for understanding God. Important figures were the philosopher Christian Wolff (1679–1754) and theologian Johann Salomo Semler (1725–1791). Neology dominated Lutheranism during the late 18th century.

title: Neology


text:
Mike Mahaffey

Michael Darren Mahaffey (January 21, 1967 – May 25, 2005) was a founding member of the power pop band Self. Founded with his brother, Matt Mahaffey, in the early 1990s, Self-released two major-label albums and various independent and Internet-only albums. He played lead guitar, keyboards, and bass for the band on various occasions. Before joining Self, he played in several bands, the most successful of which was the Southern Rock band Blackfish. He played lead guitar in the band, but contributed little to the songwriting. Blackfish released one major-label album in 1992 before disbanding. The other members of Blackfish were Steve Ballard (guitar & vocals), Chris Reublin (bass guitar, born May 19, 1969) and Andy Howard (drums, November 23, 1965 - June 22, 2006). His last recorded work was on Self's Ornament & Crime.

Death and legacy
He died in his sleep on May 25, 2005. Several tribute shows in his honor were held at the Exit/In in Nashville, Tennessee, with proceeds going towards a college education fund for his children. The first show featured Spongebath alumni The Katies, Fluid Ounces, and The Features, and took place on August 19, 2005. A second show on September 10, 2005, was headlined by a reunited version of Self and also featured The Privates and SJ and the Props. A third show on December 3, 2005, featured John Cowan and various musicians close to Mahaffey. In addition, wristbands were made available for purchase and bore one of his favorite phrases, "It's all good."

Annual Mike Mahaffey Tribute Show

A group of his friends have continued the tradition started with the December 3, 2005 fundraiser. The Annual Mike Mahaffey Tribute Show is held every first Saturday after Thanksgiving in Johnson City, Tennessee, at Capone's (formerly known as Gatsby's). All proceeds from these shows go to an education fund for his children.

title: Mike Mahaffey


text: Talk:State Line City, Indiana

title: Talk:State Line City, Indiana


text:
Talk:Pine Village, Indiana

External links modified
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title: Talk:Pine Village, Indiana


text:
File talk:Ww2summarymapeurope.gif

Spelling Errors in map source
There's a misspelling in this map from West Point of the 'Sahara Desert'; they've called it instead the 'Saraha'. If a different source map is used to replace this one as a result, a corresponding replacement map for the Pacific Theater should be found to match.

 * Last time I checked, the proper spelling is "Sweden" not "Sweeden" :-) --Valentinian 21:40, 24 November 2005 (UTC)

 * I have corrected these errors: Sweeden->Sweden, Saraha->Sahara, Lativa->Latvia. Don't forget to "refresh". Regards, --Dna-Dennistalk - contribs 00:44, 21 December 2005 (UTC)

Stalingrad and Moscow
Neither of these locations are on the actual map. The arrows point to where they are, but there ain't place names there. -max rspct 20:25, 26 October 2005 (UTC)

Inaccuracy of this map
This map is very inaccurate. For example, Turkey is marked in green, indicating it was with the Allies though it was neutral throughout the war, invasion of Low Countries, Denmark and Norway occured in 1940, in the timeline it is marked as if it happened in 1939, Slovakia and Czech Republic are marked as if they were in axis, though they were controlled and occupied by Germany. Maybe Slovakia could be in the axis, as there was a pro-nazi regime, and it was an indenpendent state, but certainly not Czech Republic. (Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia) There are surely more errors, which I haven't pointed out.

I'm sure that Wikipedia should not have such an inaccurate map, but I did not wanted to remove it, as maybe someone can explain this. Regards, Morthe.

title: File talk:Ww2summarymapeurope.gif


text: Talk:West Lebanon, Indiana

title: Talk:West Lebanon, Indiana


text:
Talk:Williamsport, Indiana

Map
I really don't think it is vital and I don't think it should be included. I, however, don't want to just remove it if there are problems. What does everyone think? Dreambeaver (talk) 01:22, 9 March 2012 (UTC)

 * I feel it adds to the article. It gives a visual representation of the size and shape of the town and the way the major highways run.  Why should it be excluded? Omnedon (talk) 17:08, 9 March 2012 (UTC)

title: Talk:Williamsport, Indiana


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Old Man of the Sea

In Greek mythology, the Old Man of the Sea (ἅλιος γέρων; Γέροντας της Θάλασσας) was a figure who could be identified as any of several water-gods, generally Nereus or Proteus, but also Triton, Pontus, Phorcys or Glaucus. He is the father of Thetis (the mother of Achilles).

Mythology
In book 4 of Homer's Odyssey, Menelaus recounts to Telemachus his journey home, and how he is obliged to seek the advice of the Old Man of the Sea. The Old Man will answer truthfully any questions put to him when captured. Capturing him, however, entails holding on to him as he changes bewilderingly from one form to another in his attempts to break free from his interrogator. The dogged Menelaus succeeds in hanging on to the slippery god throughout all his transformations and, in the course of the following interrogation, is able to obtain an answer to his question as to whether Telemachus' father Odysseus is still alive.

Sinbad
Sinbad the Sailor encountered the monstrous Old Man of the Sea (شَيْخ الْبَحْر) on his fifth voyage. The Old Man of the Sea in the Sinbad tales was said to trick a traveller into letting him ride on his shoulders while the traveller transported him across a stream. However, the Old Man would then not release his grip, forcing his victim to transport him wherever he pleased and allowing his victim little rest. The Old Man's victims all eventually died of this miserable treatment, with the Old Man either eating them or else robbing them. Sinbad, however, after getting the Old Man drunk with wine, was able to shake him off and kill him.

References in poetry
The Old Man of the Sea is alluded to in Edwin Arlington Robinson's book-length narrative poem King Jasper. In part 3 of the poem, King Jasper dreams of his deceased friend Hebron (whom Jasper betrayed) riding on his back. "You cannot fall yet, and I'm riding nicely," Hebron tells Jasper. "If only we might have the sight of water, / We'd say that I'm the Old Man of the Sea, / And you Sinbad the Sailor." Hebron then turns to gold (a symbol of Jasper's motivation for betraying him) and coaxes Jasper to leap across a ravine with the heavy, golden Hebron on his back.

The Old Man of the Sea also figures in the poetry of West Indian poet Derek Walcott. In a 1965 paper, "The Figure of Crusoe", writing about the poem "Crusoe's Journal", Walcott notes: "It is not the Crusoe you recognize. I have compared him to Proteus, that mythological figure who changes shapes according to what we need him to be. Perhaps my mythology is wrong. I am, however, also summoning, in the combination of Crusoe and Proteus, the Old Man of the Sea with whom a mythological hero wrestled. The commercial Crusoe gives his name to our brochures and hotels. He has become the property of the Trinidad and Tobago Tourist board, and although it is the same symbol that I use, you must allow me to make him various, contradictory and as changeable as the Old Man of the Sea.... My Crusoe, then, is Adam. Christopher Columbus, God, a missionary, a beachcomber, and his interpreter, Daniel Defoe."

Referencing the figures of Adam, Christofer (Columbus) and Friday in succession, the poem's narrator remarks, "All shapes, all objects multiplied from his,/our ocean's Proteus;/in childhood, his derelict's old age/was like a god's."

title: Old Man of the Sea


text:
FamilyPC

FamilyPC was a monthly American computer magazine published from 1994 to 2001. The collaboration between The Disney Publishing Group and Ziff-Davis was a brainchild of Jake Winebaum, with Robin Raskin serving as its first editor-in-chief. The circulation of the magazine was 400,000 copies in 1998.

The magazine itself covered a wide varieties of topics that applied to families. In software, it tended to cover education software, further going into Edutainment software, applications, and creativity tools. An Australian version, Family PC Australia, was published by APN Computing under the license of Ziff Communications and the Walt Disney Company. The magazine was started in August/September 1995 and was published on a bimonthly basis.

Ziff-Davis shut down the magazine in 2002. When FamilyPC was discontinued, Ziff-Davis switched FamilyPC subscribers to PC Magazine.

title: FamilyPC


text:
USCGC Tamaroa

Two ships of the United States Coast Guard have been named USCGC Tamaroa, ultimately after the Tamaroa tribe of the Illiniwek tribal group.

 * USCGC Tamaroa (1921) was originally the 869-ton steam-powered United States Shipping Board tug Bartolme. She was acquired by the Coast Guard in 1921, renamed Tamaroa after Tamaroa, Illinois, and commissioned in 1922. She remained in service until 1935.
 * USCGC Tamaroa (WMEC-166), originally the U.S. Navy salvage tug USS Zuni (ATF-95), was launched in 1943 and transferred to the Coast Guard in 1946. Best known for a rescue conducted during the 1991 Perfect Storm, Tamaroa was decommissioned in 1994 and sunk as an artificial reef on 2017.

title: USCGC Tamaroa


text:
Zhou Ji (born 1946)

Zhou Ji (born August 26, 1946) is a Chinese mechanical engineer and politician. He served as China's Minister of Education from 2003 to 2009 and President of the Chinese Academy of Engineering from 2010 to 2018. Prior to that, served briefly as Mayor of Wuhan, the capital of Hubei Province.

Biography
Zhou is a native of Shanghai, and attended Tsinghua University in Beijing, where he graduated from in 1970, and received M.E. degree in mechanical engineering from Huazhong University of Science and Technology in 1980. Zhou also acquired a doctorate from the University at Buffalo, The State University of New York (PhD, '84, M.S.'81) in the United States. Much of his early career was spent at the Huazhong University of Science and Technology in Wuhan, where he eventually rose to become the president of Huazhong University of Science and Technology in 1997. He was elected as the fellow of the Chinese Academy of Engineering in 1999. He then spent a tenure in the municipal government of Wuhan, where he served as deputy mayor and Mayor.

He was transferred to work in the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China in 2002 as its Vice-Minister, rising to the Minister position on March 17, 2003. At the re-elections of the 2008 National People's Congress, Zhou received the fewest votes in favour out of any minister. He received 384 votes against, with 81 abstentions. During Zhou's time in office, China's education system continued to be plagued by academic dishonesty, corruption, and arbitrary fees, with no discernible signs of improvement. Zhou was also unpopular due to his introduction of 16 "officially sanctioned" educational Peking Opera works, some of which allegedly included themes similar to those during the Cultural Revolution. These works were openly opposed by members of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference in March 2009. He was removed in October 2009 at a regular session of the National People's Congress; he was replaced by deputy Yuan Guiren.

He was instead appointed deputy party secretary at the Chinese Academy of Engineering in Beijing, a "less important but still significant post," according to the Chronicle of Higher Education. Stanley Rosen, director of the East Asian Studies Center at the University of Southern California, commented that Mr. Zhou's new post does not suggest serious punishment, and is "a sign that he's a scapegoat, not that he's corrupt."

Due to the contribution in numeric control, computer-aided design, and design optimization, he was selected as the foreign associate of the United States National Academy of Engineering in 2013. In 2018 he was elected an International Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering in the UK.

title: Zhou Ji (born 1946)


text:
User talk:Golija~enwiki

Image Tagging Image:Ognjeslav Kostovic.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Ognjeslav Kostovic.jpg. I notice it currently doesn't have an image copyright tag, so its copyright status is therefore unclear. Please add a tag to let us know its copyright status. (If you created/took the picture then you can use to release it under the GFDL. If you can claim fair use use  .)  If you don't know what any of this means, just let me know on the image description page where you got the images and I'll tag them for you. Otherwise, see Image copyright tags for the full list of copyright tags that you can use. Thanks so much. --Secretlondon 18:07, 23 August 2005 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
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Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 13:22, 22 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Golija~enwiki


text:
Minnesota Commercial Railway

The Minnesota Commercial Railway is a short line railroad in the United States.

This railroad operates out of the St. Paul area with service to Minneapolis, Bayport, Hugo, Fridley and New Brighton. It is considered a switching and terminal railroad. It is based out of a roundhouse on Cleveland Ave. in St. Paul just blocks south of the former Amtrak station and its main yard is just to the north of the station.

Its lines consist of one to Fridley, with an interchange with Canadian National Railway and a small yard in New Brighton. The railroad also runs to Hugo and Bayport on trackage rights. It interchanges with BNSF Railway at Northtown yard. It also serves east Minneapolis' grain elevators by the University of Minnesota as well as the grain elevators on Minnesota State Highway 55 adjacent to the METRO Blue Line.

The Minnesota Commercial connects with all major railroads in the Twin Cities including: Canadian National Railway, BNSF Railway, Canadian Pacific Railway, Union Pacific Railway, and Twin Cities and Western Railroad.

The MNNR's roster consists of mainly Alco and GE locomotives. With over two dozen locomotives, including one from Hamersley Iron in Australia, the roster is diverse and meets the switching and road freight needs. Most units wear a red paint scheme much like that of the Green Bay and Western Railroad.

The line was formerly known as the Minnesota Transfer Railroad. It was privately owned by the major railroads serving the Twin Cities area. The Minnesota Transfer was leased by the Minnesota Commercial on February 1, 1987. At the time Minnesota Commercial leased Minnesota Transfer, the railroad was down to 6,000 revenue units a year. By 2008, the Minnesota Commercial was handling over 46,000 revenue units.

title: Minnesota Commercial Railway