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Horace Tabor

Horace Austin Warner "Haw" Tabor (November 26, 1830 – April 10, 1899), also known as The Bonanza King of Leadville and The Silver King, was an American prospector, businessman, and Republican politician. His success in Leadville, Colorado's silver mines made him one of the wealthiest men in Colorado. He purchased more mining enterprises throughout Colorado and the Southwestern United States, and he was a philanthropist. After the collapse in the silver market during the Panic of 1893, Tabor was financially devastated. He lost most of his holdings, and he labored in the mines. In his last year, he was the postmaster of Denver.

While married to Augusta Tabor, he had an affair with Elizabeth McCourt Tabor. He divorced Augusta and married Elizabeth, who became known as "Baby Doe". Their relationship was a scandal. When Tabor died, though, there were a reported ten thousand people who attended his funeral.

His life is the subject of Douglas Moore's opera The Ballad of Baby Doe and the 1932 Hollywood biographical movie Silver Dollar. Also, Graham Masterton's 1987 novel Silver has a protagonist named Henry T. Roberts, whose life includes incidents from Tabor's.

Early life
Horace Austin Warner Tabor was born on November 26, 1830, to Cornelius Dunham and Sarah Ferrin Tabor in Holland, in northern Vermont near the Canadian border. His father was a farmer, who grew a number of grains, vegetables and fruits. In the winter months, Cornelius ran the district school, and Tabor attended the school over those couple of months each year. Tabor worked in the fields with his father and his brothers John and Lyman. They also raised cows, sheep, chickens and hogs. He had two sisters, Sarah and Emily. The family lived in a drafty house without conveniences, such as water, electricity or a proper stove. In the fields, they used primitive tools that required labor by man or oxen. His mother died in 1846 at the age of 49, having succumbed to the hard work on the farm and childbearing. Cornelius soon remarried. By 1850, Betsy Tabor was his wife and five children with the Welch surname, from 11 to 19 years of age, lived with the Tabors in Holland, Vermont.

At the age of 17, Tabor worked for two years as an apprentice in Quincy or Boston, Massachusetts, with his brother John, where they worked as granite cutters. Then he began to work as a journeyman throughout New England. In 1853, he was hired by a stone contractor, William Pierce, from Augusta, Maine to supervise stone-cutters in the construction of an insane asylum in Augusta. Tabor met Pierce's daughter, Augusta, and fell in love with her, but was unable to support a wife yet.

Kansas abolitionist and legislator
Among the events leading up to the Civil War (1861-1865), there was a fight over what states and new territories would support slavery or not. At the same time, the California Gold Rush resulted in a lot of people moving west and the railroads helped get them there. The Kansas–Nebraska Act, which created the Kansas and Nebraska Territories, passed quickly by House of Representatives and the Senate and was swiftly enacted by President Franklin Pierce. The act repealed the Missouri Compromise which aggravated the dissension between pro-slavery and anti-slavery Americans.

Tabor and Augusta made a plan to ready themselves for marriage. Tabor would travel ahead to westward, get established, save some money, and return to Maine to marry Augusta. Together they would return to Kansas where they would fight for the abolition of slavery.

In 1855, Tabor departed with his brother John for the Kansas Territory with the New England Emigrant Aid Company to populate that territory with anti-slavery settlers. He worked at Fort Riley as a stonemason to earn enough money to get married.

He joined with other abolitionists, including John Brown, the abolitionist who later led the raid on Harper's Ferry, to defend the town of Lawrence against pro-slavery men, which resulted in the Sacking of Lawrence.

A member of the Free Soil Party, Tabor was elected to the Topeka Legislature, but that body was soon dispersed by President Pierce at the point of a bayonet.

Marriage to Augusta Pierce Tabor
Tabor married Augusta Pierce, the daughter of Lucy and William Pierce, on January 31, 1857. After their marriage at her family's home in Maine, the couple farmed for two years along Deep Creek in Zeandale, Kansas (known today as Tabor Valley). They had a son named Nathaniel Maxcy, who was also known as Maxey.

Pike's Peak Gold Rush
In 1859, the Tabors moved west during the Pike's Peak Gold Rush with other "Fifty-Niners" to Denver (in Kansas Territory at the time). Tabor, his wife, and son were tranported by an oxen-driven covered wagon. After the six-week journey, they arrived in Colorado in April 1859. They were among the initial pioneers in what is now the state of Colorado. They went to several places looking to mine gold before going to California Gulch in Oro City, near present-day Leadville, in 1860. They began placer mining, and operated a small store there, but by 1861 the area was panned out.

They moved to Park County,  settling in Laurette in South Park by 1862. The town of Laurette was later called Buckskin Joe. They operated a store and beginning in 1863 Tabor was the postmaster of Buckskin Joe. Tabor prospected area mines while Augusta ran the store, took in laundry, and cared for boarders. Augusta, one of the few women in the state at the time, made most of the money for the family by operating the store, boarding people, cooking and managing the mail. Called an "angel of mercy", she also cared for her neighbors. In 1863, the family's net worth was approximately $13,000. Augusta managed their bookkeeping. She felt that the area was safe and invited her unmarried sister Lillian Pierce to join them in Buckskin Joe. Lillian arrived by April 22, 1862.

They left the area in 1868, upon hearing that there was a massive silver lode at the Printer Boy Mine in Oro City, which became part of Leadville in 1877. The Tabors moved there, where they operated a general store and Tabor was again a postmaster from April 1, 1878, to February 4, 1879.

In 1877, Tabor was elected the first mayor of Leadville. Tabor hired lawman Mart Duggan, who is credited with finally bringing Leadville's violent crime rate under control.

Silver King
When George T. Hook and August Rische were unable to pay for their supplies at the general store, Tabor accepted payment in the form of a grubstake agreement for one third of their profit on the Little Pittsburg mine. Tabor entered into a number of grubstake agreements with the prospectors, knowing he would receive no monies if they did not make money on the mine. Augusta strongly disagreed with this approach, she felt that they should save their money. On May 3, 1878, the mine revealed massive silver lodes and kicked off the Colorado Silver Boom. Tabor used the million dollars that he made from the sale of his interest in the Little Pittsburg mine in 1879 to invest in other holdings. He invested in the Chrysotile and the Matchless Mines, as well as mines in Cripple Creek, Aspen, the San Juan Mountains, and the southwestern United States. By 1879, he was one of the richest men in Colorado, with six million or more dollars.

Tabor owned 4,600,000 acres of land in Colorado for grazing and 175,000 acres of land in Texas for copper mining. He sought enterprises, like irrigation canals, to provide work for laborers. In Honduras, he invested in ebony and mahogoney forests as well as mining and fruit operations.

In Leadville, he donated monies for water works, rail lines, schools, and churches. He established newspapers, a bank, and the Tabor Opera House in Leadville. He displayed his philanthropy by, for example, donating the land under the Temple Israel in Leadville in 1884. Tabor donated the money for the Tabor Grand Opera House built the Tabor Block and La Veta Place, and invested in real estate and other businesses in Denver. Tabor became a partner of Marshall Field of Chicago, with whom he made millions of dollars.

In 1878, Tabor was elected Lieutenant Governor of Colorado and served in that post until January 1884. He served as U.S. Senator from January 27, 1883, until March 3, 1883, following the resignation of Henry M. Teller to become United States Secretary of the Interior in the administration of U.S. President Chester Arthur. He was the president of the Denver Chamber of Commerce and of the Board of Trade in 1891.

Divorce
In 1879, the Tabors moved to Denver. Tabor's relationship with his wife, who preferred to save their money, began to fall as Tabor became a reckless spender and he continued to be a gambler and speculator. The couple then lived in separate residences, Augusta resided in their Denver mansion. Tabor moved into the Windsor Hotel in the city, where he entertained women. He had an affair with Elizabeth McCourt, nicknamed Baby Doe. Requiring money to support herself, by 1882 she took in boarders and she filed a suit against Tabor for financial support. Without Augusta's knowledge, Tabor attained a divorce in Durango, Colorado, in March 1882. Augusta filed for divorce on January 2, 1883, for desertion. Settle in late 1883, she was awarded two properties worth a total of $250,000 or a settlement of $400,000.

Marriage to Elizabeth Doe McCourt

On March 1, 1883, Tabor finally legalized his relationship with Elizabeth "Baby Doe" McCourt in Washington, D.C. The marriage made Tabor a social outcast. The second marriage produced two daughters, Elizabeth Bonduel "Lily" and Rosemary "Silver Dollar" Echo. The Tabors lived a life of luxury and travelled.

Later years and death
Tabor ran without success for governor of Colorado throughout the 1880s. Then, in 1893, the repeal of the Sherman Silver Purchase Act in the administration of President Grover Cleveland, caused the value of silver to drop which devastated Tabor's fortune. His holdings, including his mansion in Denver, were sold off and he worked in the mines. He was made postmaster of Denver in 1898 and lived in the city at the Windsor Hotel.

When he became terminally ill with appendicitis in 1899, Tabor's final request of Baby Doe was that she maintain the Matchless claim. Following his death, flags were flown at half staff and the Aspen Tribune reported that ten thousand people attended his funeral. His body was interred at Mt. Calvary Cemetery in Denver and was later reinterred at Mt. Olivet Cemetery in Jefferson County, Colorado.

Baby Doe moved to Leadville and lived an impoverished life in the tool shed of the Matchless Mine. She froze to death in the shed in March 1935, after which she was buried alongside her husband in Mt. Olivet Cemetery.

Augusta Tabor fared better than her ex-husband. She made successful investments of her divorce settlement. On her death in 1895, she was among the wealthiest citizens of Denver, leaving half a million dollars to her son.

Legacy
He was a prominent silver baron who "helped shape the foundation and the future of the Centennial State."

In his remembrance, there is a Tabor Lake in Pitkin County, Colorado, at the base of Tabor Peak.

His life is portrayed in the film ''Silver Dollar and the opera The Ballad of Baby Doe.

title: Horace Tabor


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Wasted Talent

"Wasted Talent" is the 20th and penultimate episode of the second season of the American animated television series Family Guy, and the 27th episode overall. The episode aired on Fox on July 25, 2000. This episode marks the first time that Chris Griffin has had no speaking lines in an episode. This episode is rated TV-PG-D (TV-14 on Adult Swim reruns) in the United States and 15 in the United Kingdom.

Plot
Lois desperately searches for one piano student who can beat her rival Alexis Radcliffe's student at the piano competition. Meanwhile, Peter drinks even more Pawtucket Patriot beers than usual in an attempt to find a hidden silver scroll and win a tour of the brewery. The next day, Joe finds the first silver scroll. Sometime later, the last scroll is found, causing Peter to give up. Tom Tucker later admits he made up the story about the last scroll being found and then puts a carnivorous earwig in his ear to make up for it. Peter decides to drink one more beer, which turns out to have the last silver scroll. But as Peter runs all the way homeward, he falls, clutches his kneecap, and moans over and over again.

The next day, Peter and Brian go to the brewery tour (based on Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory). Pawtucket Pat (Michael McKean) is seemingly killed on his front walkway, but the killer turns out to be Cheech Marin, hired to pull off a gag. Since the brewery is not compliant with the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 and does not have wheelchair ramps, Joe leaves the tour. After experiencing the "beer room", Peter and Brian split off from the group to try a beer that never goes flat, despite Pat's warning that they have not worked out all the kinks. When Peter and Brian drink the beer, they begin floating upward towards a ceiling-mounted exhaust fan. To save themselves, they fart repeatedly until they reach the ground. When Pat finds Peter and Brian in the forbidden room, he bans them from the brewery.

Angry at Pawtucket Pat, Peter tries to get Lois's attention by playing the piano, showing that he can play piano perfectly when drunk. Lois decides to enter Peter as her student in the piano competition and keeps him in a state of constant inebriation. Peter's piano repertoire is TV show theme songs. Stewie then asks Peter to play "Lonely Man" from The Incredible Hulk as he is mimicking Bruce Banner asking for hitchhiking (slowly walking to the doorstep while doing so). At the competition, Peter is so drunk that he cannot even find the piano. Lois has to turn him around to face the piano, then move him over a couple of inches to play in the correct key. Peter and Lois win first place, but Lois frets that she may have harmed his health for her own selfish need to win. Peter defensively tells her that his brain cells are intact. There is one left, and it realizes that it is the only cell in the brain. He can finally read all of his books; he then bends down and breaks his glasses, exclaiming "That's not fair! It's not fair! There was time now!". This is a reference to The Twilight Zone episode "Time Enough at Last".

During the credits, Stewie (in the live-action scene) is at the roadside, asking for hitchhiking but passing-by drivers ignore him (while "Lonely Man" is still playing).

Production
The episode's storyline was written by Dave Collard and Ken Goin, and the episode's teleplay was written by series regulars Mike Barker and Matt Weitzman, and directed by series regular Bert Ring before the conclusion of the second production season.

Cultural references

 * This episode borrows heavily from the film Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory:
 * Pawtucket Pat's contest involves finding silver scrolls hidden in 4 beers, similar to the 5 Golden Tickets from the movie.
 * Tom Tucker's lie about the last silver scroll is a parody of the Paraguayan who falsely claimed to have found the last Golden Ticket.
 * Peter says "I bet the scroll makes the beer taste terrible" similar to how Charlie Bucket says "I bet the Golden Tickets make the chocolate taste terrible" in the film.
 * When Peter finds the scroll near the end of the episode's first act, everything up until Peter's fall on the sidewalk by his house is directly lifted from the film sequence where Charlie finds the last Golden Ticket and triumphantly runs home with it.
 * While making his entrance at the gates of his factory, Pawtucket Pat pretends to be gunned down in a drive-by shooting, similar to how Willy Wonka emerged very slowly while walking with a cane, then surprised the crowd by doing a somersault and standing up again.
 * Pawtucket Pat is assisted by a group of little people known as Chumbawambas, similar to the Oompa-Loompas from the film.
 * The Chumbawambas are named after the British pop band of the same name.
 * The Chumbawambas' song ("Chumba-Wamba-Gobbledy-Goo") is a parody of the Oompa-Loompa song, complete with similar visual effects.
 * The song that Pawtucket Pat sings while in the "beer room" ("Pure Inebriation") is a parody of the song "Pure Imagination", sung by Willy Wonka (Gene Wilder), as is the sequence surrounding it.
 * Peter and Brian secretly taste the factory's Perma-Suds and wind up floating in the air, much like Charlie and Grandpa Joe did when they sampled Fizzy Lifting Drinks; while Charlie and Grandpa Joe can get back down by burping, Peter and Brian do so by farting.
 * Peter and Brian are kicked out of the tour for their disobedience, much like how Charlie nearly lost the promised lifetime supply of chocolate for his.
 * Two of the guests at the brewery, an old man and a young boy, appear to be Charlie Bucket and Grandpa Joe.
 * At the piano competition, after Peter plays the theme song to The Mary Tyler Moore Show, Mary Tyler Moore, who is in the audience, throws her hat in the air, in an homage to the opening credits of that show.
 * The end credits are run while Joe Harnell's "The Lonely Man" plays in homage to The Incredible Hulk. The sequence also shows Stewie hitchhiking along the side of the freeway á la Bruce Banner.
 * When Peter discovers his "talent", he plays the theme songs from Dallas, 9 to 5 and The X-Files.
 * The final scene, showing Peter's solitary brain cell in despair after breaking his glasses, is an homage to the Twilight Zone episode "Time Enough at Last".
 * The carnivorous earwig is a parody of the urban legend that earwigs like to crawl into people's ears and eat their eyes and brains.

Reception
In his 2009 review, Ahsan Haque of IGN, rating the episode a 7.8/10, said that "Wasted Talent" has a "decent quantity of hilarious moments" but it is not as memorable as other episodes in season 2. He stated that the storyline is not cohesive enough, and the scenes about the Pawtucket Patriot Brewery "take up a little too much screen time".

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Wasted Talent


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List of mayors of Hampton, Virginia

This is a list of people who have served as mayor of the city of Hampton, Virginia.

title: List of mayors of Hampton, Virginia


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St. George, New Brunswick

St. George is a community in the Rural Community of Eastern Charlotte, in Charlotte County, New Brunswick, Canada; it was a town until the end of 2022 and is now part of the rural community of Eastern Charlotte. It is located where the Magaguadavic River flows into the Bay of Fundy, between Passamaquoddy Bay and Lake Utopia.

The area was surveyed in 1786. First called Magaguadavic, it was renamed Granite Town after the nearby red-granite quarries. In 1829 it was renamed to the current name, and a post office was established. By 1898 the town's port served the Shore Line Railway, and there were three hotels, four churches, 22 stores, and two mills. It was incorporated as a town in 1904.

During the Second World War, two military bases were opened near the town: A Canadian Army training base known as "Camp Utopia" and a RCAF/RAF Air Station at Pennfield Ridge. By the late 1950s, both bases were closed; Camp Utopia relocated to Camp Gagetown, later CFB Gagetown, and the airfield at Pennfield Ridge served as the first commercial airport for the city of Saint John. From 1983 to 1985, Adex Mining Inc. operated a tungsten/molybdenum mine 40 km north of the town, at Mount Pleasant. Primary employers are aquaculture and a J. D. Irving lumber mill, Lake Utopia Paper.

St. George Power runs a hydroelectric generating station on the Magaguadavic River. It has an installed capacity of 15 MW. It is a run of the river plant, meaning there is no water storage in reservoirs as there is at the Mactaquac Dam.

On 1 January 2023, St. George amalgamated with the village of Blacks Harbour and all or part of five local service districts to form the incorporated rural community of Eastern Charlotte. The community's name remains in official use.

Demographics
In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, St. George had a population of $1,579$ living in $698$ of its $751$ total private dwellings, a change of NaN% from its 2016 population of $1,517$. With a land area of 16.17 km2, it had a population density of in 2021.

title: St. George, New Brunswick


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Talk:Pavel Sudoplatov

Untitled
Here's some material of interest:
 * "At the beginning of 1952 the General Sudoplatov on the commission of the minister of state security OF THE USSR Ignat'yev developed the utilization plan of kurd terrorists for the diversionary operations in the Near East. Sudoplatov it proposed to form from the Kurds, who passed special-instruction in the Soviet military schools, special brigade into 1,5 thousand people. This subdivision was intended to use for the planned by Soviet reconnaissance overthrow of Noury's government Saida in Iraq. Furthermore, in accordance with the proposals Of sudoplatova to kurd brigade was assigned important role in the realization of the Soviet plans of disabling of oil pipelines in the territory of Iraq, Iran and Syria in the case of the beginning of war against SSSRE.

Also, do we have a full title with rank to add to his img? nobs 19:26, 30 August 2005 (UTC)

Here's an intgeresting link regarding Special Tasks & Sacred Secrets. nobs 02:34, 3 September 2005 (UTC)

Reconcile with other article
The page on his book, Special Tasks, says that Sudoplatov reached major-general, whereas his bio page says lieutenant-general. This difference should be rectified, though I know not which is correct. Keshik (talk) 22:47, 24 May 2010 (UTC)

§ "MGB"
From the article:
 * "In November, 1949, he was given a temporary job helping suppress a guerrilla Ukrainian liberation movement in Ukraine that was a relic of World War II."

Another way to say this would be "In November, 1949, he was given a temporary job suppressing an uprising by the remnants of the Ukrainian Waffen-SS divisions and other Nazi sympathizers, many of whom were involved in implementing Hitler's Final Solution within German-occupied Ukraine SSR." 76.69.155.96 (talk) 19:09, 18 June 2018 (UTC)

title: Talk:Pavel Sudoplatov


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Coffin House

The Coffin House is a historic Colonial American house, currently estimated to have been constructed circa 1678. It is located at 14 High Road, Newbury, Massachusetts, and operated as a non-profit museum by Historic New England. The house is open on the first and third Saturday of the month from June through October.

The house began in 1678 as a simple structure of two or possibly three rooms on land owned by Tristram Coffin, Jr, son of Tristram Coffin, who had left the area for Nantucket by this time. About 1713 the house was more than doubled in size, with new partitions added. In 1785, two Coffin brothers legally divided the structure into two separate dwellings, each with its own kitchen and living spaces. The property remained within the Coffin family until acquired by Historic New England in 1929.

Although the house was traditionally dated to 1654 (by Joshua Coffin, author of the 1845 history of Newbury), recent scientific studies have provided more accurate estimates. In 2002, the Oxford Tree-ring Laboratory analyzed wooden beams from the structure and ascertained that donor trees were felled in winter 1676–1677 and 1677–1678 for the original structure, and winter 1712–1713 for the addition. This revised dating means that the Coffin House may no longer be the earliest example of the principal rafter/common purlin roof, although even so it is certainly one of the oldest extant examples.

In 1785, two of the brothers of the Coffin family legally divided the house into two separate dwelling areas. The last Coffin-surnamed resident of the home was Lucy Coffin. Coffin House is owned by Historic New England.

title: Coffin House


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Indiana County–Jimmy Stewart Airport

Indiana County–Jimmy Stewart Airport (Indiana County Airport or Jimmy Stewart Field) is a county-owned public airport two miles (3 km) east of the borough of Indiana, in Indiana County, Pennsylvania. The airport is about 65 mi northeast of Pittsburgh and is in the Pittsburgh Combined Statistical Area. It is classified as a business service airport by the Pennsylvania Bureau of Aviation.

The airport was named after silver-screen legend Jimmy Stewart, who hails from Indiana, Pennsylvania.

Facilities
The airport covers 276 acre and has one asphalt runway, 11/29, 5,500 x 100 ft. The runway has medium intensity runway lighting (MIRL). The airport has three nonprecision approaches (LOC RWY 28, GPS 10, GPS 28).

In the year ending March 31, 2007, the airport had 26,100 aircraft operations, average 71 per day: 95% general aviation, 3% military and 2% air taxi. 45 aircraft are based at the airport: 89% single-engine, 9% multi-engine and 2% ultralight.

The Indiana County Airport Authority has received approval and funding for a new 5500 x 100 ft runway and will allow the installation of an instrument landing system (ILS). The old runway will become a parallel taxiway.

title: Indiana County–Jimmy Stewart Airport


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Typica

The Typica (Slavonic: Изобрази́тельны, Izobrazítelny) is a part of the Divine Office of Eastern Orthodox and Greek Catholic Churches that is appointed to be read on any day the Liturgy is celebrated with vespers, or the Typicon does not permit the celebration of the Liturgy (as occurs, for example, on weekdays during Great Lent), or may be celebrated but is not either because no priest is present, or because no priest for whatever reason celebrates the Liturgy. When the Liturgy may be celebrated but is not, then the Typica is read at the time the Liturgy is appointed to be celebrated, and it contains the scriptural readings and other propers for the Liturgy.

The Typica, like the hours that it is aggregated with, is rarely read in Greek parish churches, but it is relatively common in Slavic churches.

The name "Typica" refers to the "Typical Psalms" (Psalm 102, Psalm 145, and the Beatitudes), which together with parts of the Liturgy of the Catechumens comprise the non-lenten form of the Typica.

Description
When read in place of the Liturgy's celebration, the Typica is read after the Sixth Hour in the place where the Liturgy would be celebrated; otherwise it is read after the Ninth Hour.

When replacing the Liturgy, the propers of the Liturgy are used, e.g., the troparia inserted between the verses of the Beatitudes, the troparia and kontakia before the Trisagion, and the scriptural readings with their corresponding prokimena.

On the weekdays of Great Lent the Psalms are omitted and between the verses of the Beatitudes is inserted "Remember us, O Lord, when Thou comest into Thy kingdom" with prostrations, there are no readings, and, as is typical of Lenten services, the Prayer of St. Ephraim is used.

The Typica is also appointed to be read after the Royal Hours on the Eve of Nativity, the Eve of Theophany, and on Great Friday.

Text
The text of the Typica can be found in English in several places including "The Unabbreviated Horologion". The text is available online in Church Slavonic and, for the Lenten form only, in Greek.

title: Typica


text:
Jakarta EE application

A Jakarta EE application (formerly also called Java EE or J2EE application) is any deployable unit of Jakarta EE functionality. This can be a single Jakarta EE module or a group of modules packaged into an EAR file along with a Jakarta EE application deployment descriptor. Jakarta EE applications are typically engineered to be distributed across multiple computing tiers.

Enterprise applications can consist of combinations of the following:
 * Jakarta Enterprise Beans (EJB) modules (packaged in JAR files);
 * Web modules (packaged in WAR files);
 * connector modules or resource adapters (packaged in RAR files);
 * Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) modules (packaged in SAR files);
 * application client modules;
 * Additional JAR files containing dependent classes or other components required by the application;

title: Jakarta EE application


text:
Morris Carnovsky

Morris Carnovsky (September 5, 1897 – September 1, 1992) was an American stage and film actor. He was one of the founders of the Group Theatre (1931-1940) in New York City and had a thriving acting career both on Broadway and in films until, in the early 1950s, professional colleagues told the House Un-American Activities Committee that Carnovsky had been a Communist Party member. He was blacklisted and worked less frequently for a few years, but then re-established his acting career, taking on many Shakespearean roles at the Stratford Shakespeare Festival and performing the title roles in college campus productions of King Lear and The Merchant of Venice. Carnovsky's nephew is veteran character actor and longtime "Pathmark Guy" James Karen.

Early life
Carnovsky was born in St. Louis, Missouri on September 5, 1897, to Ike and Jennie Carnovsky, both Russian Jewish immigrants. His father, a grocer, took him to performances of the Yiddish theater. In 1975 he recalled: "There was such richness in their portrayals of Jewish life. I could savor it. Once I smelled greasepaint, I was committed." He graduated from Washington University in St. Louis in 1920 and then moved to Boston where he acted in his first professional stage production.

Acting career
In 1922, Carnovsky began his long career on Broadway with his New York stage debut as Reb Aaron in The God of Vengeance. Two years later, Carnovsky joined the Theatre Guild acting company and appeared in the title role of Uncle Vanya (by Anton Chekhov). This was followed by roles in Saint Joan (by George Bernard Shaw), The Brothers Karamazov, The Doctor's Dilemma (also by Shaw) and the role of Kublai Khan in Eugene O'Neill's Marco Millions.

In 1931, he helped found the Group Theatre, which specialized in dramas with socially relevant and politically tinged messages. He later explained: "We founded the Group because we were sick and tired of the old romantic theater and the encrusted star system. We weren't interested in stars. We were looking for real, living drama." Many of the Group's members were inspired by the Moscow Art Theatre and several members, including Carnovsky and his wife Phoebe Brand also joined the American Communist Party. Carnovsky summered at Pine Brook Country Club in Nichols, Connecticut, with the Group Theatre in 1936, as he worked with the Group during all their summer rehearsal periods, most of which were spent in the Catskills and upstate New York.

Carnovsky appeared in almost every major Group Theatre production, often playing parts that had been written specifically for him by his good friend, the actor and playwright Clifford Odets. Among Carnovsky's major triumphs at the Group Theatre were the Odets plays Awake and Sing, Golden Boy, Paradise Lost and Rocket to the Moon.

He also appeared in the anti-war musical Johnny Johnson, Sidney Kingsley's Men in White, the Elia Kazan-directed Thunder Rock, My Sister Eileen, and Cafe Crown. Writing about the Group's production of Awake and Sing!, the New York Times critic Brooks Atkinson said, "...Morris Carnovsky as the lonely old sage struggling with ideas he cannot resolve or use, gives a performance worth a mayor's reception on the steps of City Hall. Probably Mr. Carnovsky and Mr. Adler would have become remarkable actors in any case. But the discipline of the Group Theatre has given them a mastery of acting they could never have achieved by themselves. The Group Theatre makes good!"

In 1937 Carnovsky, along with several other actors from the Group, went to Hollywood in hopes of raising money to bolster the Group's shaky finances by working in films. Carnovsky's movie debut came in the Academy Award-winning best picture of 1937, William Dieterle's The Life of Emile Zola starring Paul Muni. It was followed by a supporting role in Anatole Litvak's Tovarich, before Carnovsky returned to New York and a newly re-configured formation of the Group Theatre. After the collapse of the Group Theatre in 1940, Carnovsky returned to Hollywood where he appeared in several more films. In 1939, he provided the narration for a film called The City that was screened at the 1939 New York World's Fair. He continued his stage work by joining the Actors' Lab, an acting troupe much like the Group, serving as its first director.

In 1943, he played a retired Norwegian school teacher, Sixtus Andresen, in the Warner Bros. anti-Nazi film, Edge of Darkness, which starred Errol Flynn and was directed by Lewis Milestone. Carnovsky portrayed George Gershwin's father in Rhapsody in Blue in 1945, and in Dead Reckoning (1947), he starred as the villainous nightclub owner Martinelli with Humphrey Bogart. In 1950, he portrayed LeBret in Cyrano de Bergerac starring José Ferrer. Later that year, he played Dr. Raymond Hartley in the mystery The Second Woman and the kindly judge who sentences a young boy who likes to play with firearms in Joseph H. Lewis's Gun Crazy. This was to be Carnovsky's last Hollywood film for 12 years.

On Broadway, Carnovsky appeared alongside Fredric March in Ibsen's An Enemy of the People, adapted by Arthur Miller, in the 1950-51 season. Atkinson wrote: "The impact of Mr. March's acting is dramatically balanced by the rich, forceful and accomplished acting of Morris Carnovsky as the cynical mayor of the town."

Hollywood blacklist
Carnovsky was at one time a member of the American Communist Party. In April 1951, when questioned by the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC), he refused to answer any questions, citing his rights under the U.S. Constitution. At the same hearing, actor Marc Lawrence testified that he and Carnovsky had attended some of the same Communist Party functions. Carnovsky issued a statement after the hearing which said the committee's work was not really an inquiry, but "an inquisition into the inviolable areas of one's deepest manhood and integrity–the end result is the blacklist, the deprivation by innuendo of one's right to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness in work."

He and his wife Phoebe Brand, were identified as Communists by Elia Kazan, a Communist Party member himself at one time, in testimony before the HUAC in 1952, along with six other members of the Group Theatre. Actor Sterling Hayden testified before HUAC that he had attended Communist Party meetings that were sometimes held at Carnovsky's house in Hollywood. When Carnovsky was called before the HUAC he refused to "name names", which ended his film career. In 1975, he assessed the experience: "As an experience, it was revolting, injurious, hurtful. But from the point of view of the entire picture, in an odd way it nurtured me, strengthened me, made me hard, objective, even resigned. And to that degree I think it fed me as an actor."

In 1953, he and his wife, who had also been blacklisted, appeared off-Broadway in The World of Sholem Aleichem as part of a cast of blacklisted actors that were assembled to demonstrate that the New York theater audience would not make them outcasts. It ran for two years.

While Hollywood's lack of interest in him after his dealings with HUAC were unspoken, in one incident he was publicly uninvited from appearing as scheduled in May 1953 at a Jewish Community Center in Queens because he "would not be acceptable to the community".

Return to acting
In 1955 he returned to Broadway as Priam in Jean Giradoux' Tiger at the Gates.

Then in 1956, Carnovsky recalled, "Shakespeare suddenly discovered me!" "In 1956", he said, "John Houseman, who was then the general director and producer at the American Shakespeare Theatre in Stratford, Connecticut, called me up and said, 'would you like to do some Shakespeare?' I said, 'Yes, of course!' So that's how I began. The first year I did a part in King John, a part in Measure for Measure and a part in The Taming of the Shrew. Then I proceeded to learn what Shakespeare was all about, in light of the realistic method of acting that I had discovered during my years with the Group Theatre. The following year, I found myself doing Shylock in The Merchant of Venice, and that was really the opening of the can of peas, for me." At Stratford he played many roles, notably Feste in Twelfth Night in a production featuring Katharine Hepburn as Viola, and Prospero in a celebrated production of The Tempest directed by William Ball of the American Conservatory Theater.

Again on Broadway, Carnovsky appeared in 1957 in Noël Coward's Nude with Violin.

He also appeared in a few more pictures: In 1962, he went to Paris to appear in Sidney Lumet's A View from the Bridge, an adaptation of Arthur Miller's play of the same name. In May 1966, he appeared in the title role of Bertolt Brecht's "Galileo Galilei" at the Goodman Theater in Chicago. He played Creon in a TV play of Medea, and in 1974 appeared in The Gambler, playing James Caan's grandfather. Public TV's Hollywood Television Theater. He played Judge Hoffman in the 1975 PBS TV two‐and‐a‐half hour dramatization of "The Chicago Conspiracy Trial." Culled by Christopher Burstall and Stuart Hood from 23,000 pages of the original transcript, the program is a 1970 co‐production of the British Broadcasting Corporation and Bavarian Television. Mr. Burstall also served as producer and director.(NYT July 10-1975)

He was inducted into the American Theatre Hall of Fame in 1979.

In 1980, he served on the artistic advisory board of the Yiddish National Theatre, a nonprofit effort to promote awareness of an increasingly forgotten part of stage history.

In the 1980s, Carnovsky was an instructor of Shakespearean acting at the National Theater Institute, at the Eugene O'Neill Theater Center in Waterford, CT.

A highly acclaimed performance at Stratford Shakespeare Festival in King Lear led to something of a second career for Carnovsky as a mentor of young actors, as he traveled to universities all over the country, playing the leading roles of Lear, Falstaff, and Shylock in the Shakespeare classics with supporting casts made up of college students.

Writing
In 1984, he wrote a book The Actor's Eye with friend and colleague Peter Sander that distilled his theory of acting.

Death
Morris Carnovsky died at his home in Easton, Connecticut, on September 1, 1992, four days before his 95th birthday, from natural causes. His wife, Phoebe Brand, died on July 3, 2004, at the age of 96 from pneumonia. The couple had a son, Stephen Carnovsky.

title: Morris Carnovsky


text:
Bad Brückenau

Bad Brückenau is a spa town in Bad Kissingen district in northwestern Bavaria in the Rhön Mountains.

Geography
Bad Brückenau is in the tree-lined Sinn valley, in the western Rhön Mountains – this river being a tributary of the Main. It consists of five subdivisions: the central town and four suburbs: Staatsbad Brückenau, Wernarz, Volkers and Römershag.

History of Brückenau
The early history of the town is sparsely documented. The first buildings were probably erected close to a ford across the Sinn, which was in use by the time of Charlemagne. By the 12th century the settlement had reached the size of a small town and was called Sinn-Au. Earliest mention of the town is made in a document dating back to 1249, when Fulda Abbey granted Sinn-Au certain privileges. In 1260 the Bishop had four castles built around the town, which he granted to various vassals in the area. Around that time, he also fortified the town with a simple town wall.

In 1310 Sinn-Au was granted the rights of a city by King (later Emperor) Heinrich VII. With that, Brückenau gained the rights to maintain its walls, hold markets, have its own council, cut tree in the forests, raise taxes on wine and so on. In 1337, the council made use of its new rights and enlarged the walls and fortified the gates. In 1597 the town received its present name Brückenau, when a bridge (German: Brücke) was built over the Sinn. In August 1876, the town was almost completely destroyed by fire.

History of the spa
In the 15th century mention is made of a sour-tasting well four kilometers down the valley in south westerly direction. Even then, the water was known for its curative properties, and in 1747 Bishop Amandus von Buseck of Fulda built a fountain. Under his successor Heinrich von Bibra, the first hotels were built and two more wells discovered. The Baroque ensemble along the main axis of the Kurpark dates back to these days.

In 1816, following the Napoleonic Wars, Brückenau became part of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Brückenau became the favorite spa of King Ludwig I of Bavaria, who financed an encompassing renovation. The central building dating back to this era is the Große Kursaal. After the German Revolution of 1848 and the abdication of Ludwig I, the Bavarian government leased the spa to private entrepreneurs. Today, most of the hotels are leased by Dorint.

In the first decade of the 20th century, the town, rebuilt after the fire, began to imitate the success of the spa. Three wells were discovered, the town and a group of citizens created two parks. In the administrative reform of 1970, the Staatsbad became part of the town and all of Brückenau was granted the official title "Bad".

Museums

 * Heimatmuseum: in the town centre, this gives an impression of daily life in Brückenau in the 18th and 19th centuries.
 * German Bicycle-Museum

Music

 * Bayerisches Kammerorchester
 * Kurorchester

Architecture

 * Großer Kursaal: the Großer Kursaal was planned in 1827 by the Munich architect Johann Gottfried Gutensohn and built by the Brückenau master builder Lorenz Hergenröder. Its neoclassical style influenced the historicist architecture of spas all over southern Germany.
 * Altstadt: the old town hosts buildings including historic pubs and inns dating back to the 16th century.
 * Kloster Volkersberg: the former Franciscan monastery dating back to the 17th century is in Volkers and looks towards some of the Rhön Mountains.

Mayors

 * 1998-2010: Thomas Ullmann
 * 2010-2020: Brigitte Meyerdierks (CSU)
 * since 2020: Jochen Vogel

Town twinning
Bad Brückenau is twinned with:
 * - Kirkham, Lancashire (since 1995)
 * 🇫🇷 - Ancenis, Loire-Atlantique (since 1980)

Notable people

 * de:Ernst Putz (1896-1933), member of parliament of the communist party, in 1933 murdered by the Nazis
 * de:David Schuster (1910-1999), businessman, member of the Bavarian Senate and chairman of the Jewish Community of Würzburg and Lower Franconia
 * Johann Altfuldisch, also  Hans Altfuldisch  (1911-1947, executed), Obersturmführer and temporarily deputy head of a central part of the Mauthausen concentration camp
 * Gerda Müller (born 1944), jurist, vice-president of the Federal Court of Justice 2005-2009

title: Bad Brückenau


text:
Anahí

Anahí Giovanna Puente Portilla (born 14 May 1983), known mononymously as Anahí, is a Mexican singer, songwriter and actress. In 1986, she started her acting career when she was cast on Chiquilladas. After working on many successful telenovelas produced by Televisa, including Alondra (1995), Vivo por Elena (1998), El Diario de Daniela (1998) and Mujeres Engañadas (1999), her first leading role was in Pedro Damián's production, Primer Amor... A Mil por Hora (2000). In 2003, she joined the cast in Clase 406. Anahí reached international success in 2004 after starring in Rebelde and being part of the twice-nominated for a Latin Grammy Award group RBD, who sold over 15 million records worldwide. In 2011, she starred in Dos Hogares, her last telenovela to date.

In 1993, at the age of 10, Anahí released her debut self-titled studio album. In 1996, she released her second album, ¿Hoy Es Mañana?, which featured the singles "Corazón de Bombón", "Por Volverte a Ver" and "Descontrolándote". She went on to record two additional albums titled Anclado en Mi Corazón (1997) and Baby Blue (2000). In 2009, Anahí released her fifth album, Mi Delirio, which sold 500,000 copies worldwide. The album debuted at number two on Billboards Latin Pop Albums chart and number four on Billboards Top Latin Albums chart, and was certified Gold in Brazil. Mi Delirio World Tour was her first worldwide tour. According to Billboard, Mi Delirio World Tour was the seventh most profitable tour of 2010.

Anahí's sixth studio album, Inesperado (2016), was preceded by the singles "Rumba", "Eres" and "Amnesia". "Rumba", a collaboration with reggaeton singer Wisin, peaked at number one on Billboard's Tropical Songs chart. The album debuted on Billboard's Latin Pop Albums and Top Latin Albums charts, while it was number one on Billboard Brazil, with her being the first Mexican artist to achieve that. She has sold over five million albums worldwide in her career as a solo artist, being the best-selling RBD member in the United States. Anahí sings in various languages apart from Spanish, including English, Portuguese and Italian.

Early life
Anahí Giovanna Puente Portilla was born on 14 May 1983, in Mexico City, Mexico, to Spanish father Enrique Puente, a former singer who later became a television producer, and Mexican mother María del Consuelo "Marichelo" Portilla. She has an older sister, television personality Marichelo Puente (born 1978), and an older half-sister, Diana Puente Hidalgo (born in Peru in 1965), from her father's previous marriage.

Acting career

Anahí began her career on a Mexican television program called Chiquilladas When she was two years old. She then starred in numerous films, including Nacidos para Morir and Había Una Vez Una Estrella, with the latter earning her an Ariel Award for Best Child Actress in 1989. She then went on to star in several telenovelas, including Mujer, Casos de la Vida Real, Hora Marcada, Vivo por Elena, La Telaraña and El diario de Daniela.

In 2001, Anahí was cast as the fourteen-year-old Jovanna Luna in Primer Amor, alongside Kuno Becker, Ana Layevska, and Mauricio Islas. The teen-oriented soap opera was one of the highest-rated in its time-slot during its run.

In 2002, she was cast as Jessica in Clase 406 where she worked alongside Alfonso Herrera, Dulce María, and Christian Chávez, who later became her bandmates in RBD.

She starred in Rebelde in 2004, a Mexican remake of the hit Argentine telenovela, Rebelde Way. Before Rebelde, Anahí had coincidentally starred in Ángeles Sin Paraíso with Felipe Colombo, star of the original Rebelde Way. On Rebelde, Anahí portrayed Mia Colucci, a popular girl from a wealthy family. Rebelde was an international hit and had over 440 episodes, airing from 2004 to 2006.

Following the success of Rebelde, in 2007, Televisa released RBD: La familia, which starred the members of RBD. The sitcom was based on the fictional lives of the members of RBD. The characters of the sitcom were not based on the band's characters in Rebelde, but were instead intended to be similar to the actors' real personalities. RBD: La Familia was the first Mexican show shot entirely in HDTV. The show ran from 14 March 2007, to 13 June 2007, lasting 13 episodes.

In February 2011, four years after her last appearance in a TV series, Anahí was chosen to play the lead role in Dos Hogares, a telenovela written and produced by Emilio Larrosa. After prolonged negotiations, Anahí accepted the role. Filming began on 25 April 2011, and ended on 14 January 2012. The TV series premiered on 27 June 2011, and aired its final episode on 20 January 2012.

Music career
In 1993, at the age of 10, Anahí released her eponymous debut LP. The project is not considered an official album, and no tracks were released as singles. She later released a second album, ¿Hoy Es Mañana?, which featured the singles "Corazón de Bombón", "Por Volverte a Ver", and "Descontrolándote". She went on to record two additional albums titled Anclado En Mi Corazón and Baby Blue.

The success of Rebelde launched RBD. RBD released nine studio albums, including records in Spanish, Portuguese and English. They have sold over 20 million albums worldwide, 17 million digital downloads, and have toured across South America, North America, Central America and Europe. In 2006, following the success of RBD, Anahí re-released her solo album, Baby Blue, under the name Una Rebelde en Solitario. The following year, a compilation album was released titled, Antes de Ser Rebelde.

On 15 August 2008, RBD released a statement, stating that they had decided to split up. They went on one final tour, Gira del Adiós World Tour, which ended in late 2008. In November 2008, Anahi and Dulce María collaborated with Tiziano Ferro on a song called "El Regalo Más Grande".

In April 2009, Anahí launched an official website and Twitter page announcing her first solo album since RBD's split. She debuted her first solo single since RBD, "Mi Delirio", at the 2009 Premios Juventud in Miami, Florida. It was released for digital download on 18 August 2009. Mi Delirio was released on 24 November 2009. The album has been certified Gold in Brazil, Anahí becoming the second Mexican artist — after Thalía — who was certified Gold in that country.

According to Billboard, Mi Delirio World Tour was the seventh most profitable tour in 2010. She performed in 10 concerts, attended by over 35,000 people.

Following the success of Mi Delirio, on 23 November 2010, Anahí released Mi Delirio – deluxe edition. The album includes all the songs released with the first album, plus four bonus songs: "Alérgico", "Pobre Tu Alma", "Ni Una Palabra" and "Aleph". The first two were released as singles. The album also contains a letter from Brazilian author Paulo Coelho to Anahí, a photo gallery, and a written message from Anahí to her fans. The album contains a song inspired by Coelho's book Aleph, which follows the third single "Alérgico". There are three known versions of the song: the album version with Anahí only; the Portuguese version featuring Brazilian singer Renee Fernandes, included in the Mi Delirio – deluxe edition (Brazilian edition bonus track); and a duet version featuring Noel Schajris, included in the Mi Delirio – deluxe edition (Colombian edition bonus track). (In the US, this version is instead being on a special edition, Alérgico (Fan edition) – EP.)

In 2010, Anahí presented the Kids Choice Awards Mexico and was nominated in three categories, winning for Favorite Artist and Favorite Look. She performed as well, introducing her single, "Alérgico". The album debuted at number 14 in Mexico, spending seven consecutive weeks in the top 100. "Alérgico" became the second most played song in Mexico for 11 weeks, and was number one on iTunes.

In 2011, Anahí and Christian Chávez worked together for the first time since the dissolution of RBD. They recorded a song, "Libertad", which was released on iTunes on 12 April 2011. The song was included on Christian Chávez's album. In May 2011, Anahí and the Latin pop stars Bryan Amadeus and Ale Sergi were invited by MTV Latin America to perform the opening theme for the TV series Popland!. The song, entitled "Click", was released on iTunes on 13 September 2011. On 5 July 2011, Anahí released a new single, "Dividida", which is also the opening theme of the TV series she starred in, Dos Hogares. She also recorded the ending theme with Carlos Ponce, "Rendirme En Tu Amor", which was released on J 24 July 2011. In December 2011, Anahí was invited by prodigious Mexican singer Juan Gabriel to be featured on a song with him on his album of duets, entitled "Con Tu Amor".

Anahí released a song called "Absurda" in late 2012, and its lyric video was released on YouTube on 30 January. On 4 February 2013, the single was released for digital download. A new album was announced with a 2013 release date, but was later cancelled.

Anahí released a song, "Están Ahí", without any previous promotion, on 25 May 2015. The song's lyrics pay homage to her fans. A month later, she announced the return of her musical career and released a comeback single "Rumba" featuring Puerto Rican rapper Wisin, and the album Inesperado was released in 2016.

Anahí and her RBD bandmates reunited for a live concert, held on December 26, 2020.

First Lady of Chiapas
On 25 April 2015, Anahí married Manuel Velasco Coello, the Governor of Chiapas, elected in December 2012. While her marriage to the sitting governor would normally make her the head of the Chiapas chapter of the National System for Integral Family Development, the position had already been granted to Leticia Coello, the mother of the then-unmarried Governor, in 2012.

She was widely criticized on social media for wearing a dress costing the state 120,000 Mexican pesos (US$, ) during the 2015 celebrations of the Cry of Dolores in Chiapas. Many of the criticisms focused on the fact that Chiapas is the poorest State in the Union.

Personal life
In the early 2000s, Anahí struggled with anorexia nervosa and bulimia. She weighed approximately 75 pounds (34 kg) at her lowest weight. She spent time in five different treatment centers, and visited doctors and psychologists across the country. One day after returning from a family vacation, she began to feel faint, and was rushed to a hospital, where her heart stopped for eight seconds. She has since recovered and become a vocal spokesperson against eating disorders in Mexico. In 2008, with the support of Televisa, Anahí launched a campaign against anorexia and bulimia.

In 2006, the tax administration of Mexico froze four of Anahí's bank accounts as a preventive measure because she was under investigation for tax fraud. In 2008, after taking the issue to court, Anahí was granted her accounts back, two with Banamex and two at Scotiabank. In 2007, a Barbie doll version of Anahí, Dulce Maria, and Maite Perroni were released, based on their characters in Rebelde. People en Español named her one of their "50 Most Beautiful" in 2010.

On 11 March 2011, doctors discovered that Anahí's brain was being deprived of a large percentage of oxygen due to a deviated septum. It was determined that this was the main cause of several ailments that had plagued Anahí, including a heart attack. She underwent a successful operation.

On 23 March 2011, Anahí became the spokeswoman for Snickers in Latin America. The advertising campaign that was launched sparked controversy, with National Council to Prevent Discrimination and the National Institute of Women deeming the commercial sexist and filing complaints. Anahí defended the campaign, saying that the commercial wasn't intended to offend anyone. Effem Mexico, the company behind Snickers, disagreed with the sexism complaints. However, before the advertisement aired, they conducted a survey among women, asking their opinions on the content. According to Effem, the majority of the women surveyed did not feel the advertisement was discriminatory. On 18 September 2011, National Geographic aired the original production of "Obsession: Bodies That Scream", filmed in Latin America, which featured the testimonies of people who suffer from body dysmorphia and eating disorders. Anahí spoke about the five-year period in which she suffered from anorexia, and her recovery. On 12 October 2011, Anahí joined the Non-Violence Project's campaign, "Imagine One Billion Faces For Peace", as a Global Ambassador. The campaign's ambassadors include public figures such as Paul McCartney, Yoko Ono, and Ringo Starr. The campaign aims to honor the legacy of the late John Lennon by calling for peace and non-violence worldwide.

During the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, Anahí, alongside other Global Ambassadors, performed in an event for The Non-Violence Project presented by Yoko Ono. Maxim named her as one of the Maxim Hot 100 of 2012, calling her a "Mexican beauty" who represents "a true triple threat: she sings, she acts, and writes hilarious tweets".

On 16 July 2013, a nail polish line by Anahí titled "BE by Anahí" was released. The line is a collection of 25 different colors, with names relating to her music like "rebelde", "delirio", "absurda", "click", "hipnótico" and "Sálvame".

In April 2012, Anahí began dating the governor of Chiapas, Manuel Velasco Coello. They became engaged in October 2014 and married on 25 April 2015, in a private religious ceremony held in San Cristóbal de las Casas. They have two sons: Manuel, born on 17 January 2017 and Emiliano, born on 2 February 2020.

Anahí is Catholic.

Discography

 * Anahí (1993)
 * ¿Hoy Es Mañana? (1996)
 * Anclado En Mi Corazón (1997)
 * Baby Blue (2000)
 * Mi Delirio (2009)
 * Inesperado (2016)

Web / Internet

 * undefinedNutrition / Cooking, Yoga, Fitness Vlog and Podcast Blog.

Tours

 * 1997–98: Anclado en Mi Corazón Tour
 * 2009–11: Anahí Pocket Show: Acústico
 * 2009–11: Mi Delirio World Tour

title: Anahí


text:
Lake Harriet (Minnesota)

Lake Harriet is a lake in southwest Minneapolis, south of Bde Maka Ska and north of Minnehaha Creek. The lake is surrounded by parkland as part of Minneapolis’ Chain of Lakes. The lake has an area of 335 acre and a maximum depth of 85 ft.

History
Lake Harriet is named for Harriet Lovejoy, who lived with her husband Colonel Henry Leavenworth at Fort Snelling. The two came to the area in 1819. The lake and surrounding land was last owned by Colonel William S. King, who donated the land to the Minneapolis Park and Recreation Board in 1885.

The bandshell
A public pavilion has been located on the northern side of Lake Harriet since 1888 when a pavilion was erected on the property of Thomas Lowry. It stood on the edge of Lake Harriet until 1891, when it was destroyed by fire. After the fire, Minneapolis hired architect Harry Wild Jones to design the next bandshell. Designed in a pagoda-like style, the second pavilion overlooked the lake until 1903 when it too was destroyed by fire. A third pavilion, in the classical revival style, again designed by Jones, was built in 1904. It was destroyed on July 8, 1925, in a windstorm; two people were killed, among a group which had taken refuge inside it. After the loss of this pavilion, a small bandstand was built on the site as a temporary replacement. The bandstand remained until it was replaced by the current bandshell structure, built in 1986 designed by Milo Thompson.

The current bandshell was originally painted blue, but in 2004 developer Mark McGowan organized an all-volunteer free restoration of the buildings. To complete the restoration, McGowan obtained $650,000 in donated labor and materials from local and national companies. Through these efforts, the bandshell, refectory and sailing club have been repaired and repainted light brown. To celebrate the restoration, an all-day music festival, called "Lake Harriet Live!", was held on September 19, 2003

During the fall of 2006, construction of a new patio and picnic shelter built to match the design of the original buildings was begun next to the concessions. Construction of the new building and picnic area have been completed.

Recreational facilities
Lake Harriet is popular for recreation. It offers sailing, two beaches, and a system of bike and pedestrian trails (about 2.99 mi for the bike trail and 2.75 mi for the pedestrian trail). The trail and parkway system, part of the Grand Rounds National Scenic Byway, connects with Bde Maka Ska on the north end of Lake Harriet, via William Berry Parkway, and with the Minnehaha Creek trail system at the southeast side of the lake.

The bandshell is used for concerts throughout the summer months. The bandshell complex also contains a picnic area and a seasonal outdoor restaurant, Bread & Pickle.

A preserved section of the Como-Harriet Streetcar Line runs between Bde Maka Ska and the Lake Harriet bandshell area.

Other features
On the walking path near where Queen Avenue meets the perimeter drive around the lake, there is an "elf house" carved into the base of an ash tree. For several years, one could leave a letter for the elf supposedly living there and find a letter in reply sometime in the next few days. During the winter, the elf door is shut, and a plank appears stating he has "moved to his castle in the east." It reopens in the spring.

Other parkland near the lake includes a picnic ground just north of the bandshell, Lyndale Park, and the Thomas Sadler Roberts Bird Sanctuary on the northeast side of the lake. Lakewood Cemetery is located between the southeast side of Bde Maka Ska and the north shoreline of Lake Harriet.

Two blocks west of the lake is the shopping district of Linden Hills, often referred to as "a small town in the city".

It was discovered on Google Earth that the silhouette of a twin-engine aircraft can be seen in the water. Most have dismissed this as the shadow of a plane flying over, but an investigation was opened into the matter. Further information has determined that there is no sunken plane but rather it is a photographic anomaly of a plane passing over that, due to the exposure, makes it appear to be under the water.

Fish
The lake contains black crappie, bluegill, golden shiner, green sunfish, hybrid sunfish, largemouth bass, muskellunge, northern pike, pumpkinseed, walleye, white sucker, yellow bullhead, and yellow perch. Some guideline restrictions have been placed on the consumption of bluegill, carp, crappie, largemouth bass, northern pike, walleye, white sucker, and yellow perch from the lake, because of contamination with mercury and PFOS.

In 1998, a dead female lake sturgeon weighing 105 lb and 6.3 ft long washed ashore on the lake. Sturgeon were thought to no longer exist in the lake or the Minnehaha Creek watershed. Minnesota Department of Natural Resources officials speculated it may have been released into the lake when young by a fisheries employee during the mid-20th century. It is also possible the fish was a descendant of sturgeon which migrated into the lake thousands of years ago, prior to the formation of Minnehaha Falls.

title: Lake Harriet (Minnesota)


text:
Defiance, Pennsylvania

Defiance is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in Broad Top Township, Bedford County, Pennsylvania, United States. The village was home to 196 residents, as of the 2020 census. It is located along Six Mile Run Road (State Route 1036).

The community most likely was named in pioneer days after Fort Defiance.

Education
Public education in Defiance is administered by the Tussey Mountain School District, which operates Defiance Elementary School within the community. Defiance Elementary no longer exists due to consolidation by Tussey Mountain School District. Students are transported to Saxton for curriculum.

title: Defiance, Pennsylvania


text:
Mark Cohen

Mark Cohen may refer to:

 * Mark Cohen (photographer) (born 1943), American street photographer
 * Mark Cohen (Rent), fictional character
 * Mark Cohen (cricketer) (born 1961), former Irish cricketer
 * Mark Cohen (comedian), American comedian
 * Mark Cohen (journalist) (1849–1928), New Zealand journalist, newspaper editor, educationalist and social reformer
 * Mark Cohen (American footballer) (born 1970), British-American football player
 * Mark B. Cohen (born 1949), Philadelphia judge and Pennsylvania State Representative
 * Mark Howard Cohen (born 1955), Georgia attorney and United States District Judge
 * Mark J. Cohen (1942–1999), American realtor, and collector of comic books and comic art, and cartoonists' agent and comic art dealer
 * Mark Cohen (surgeon), Canadian laser eye surgeon
 * Mark Nathan Cohen, American anthropologist
 * Mark A. Cohen, American economist and legal scholar
 * Mark R. Cohen (born 1943), American professor of Near Eastern Studies
 * Mark S. Cohen (born 1956), American neuroscientist

title: Mark Cohen


text:
Ntumba Luaba

Alphonse Daniel Ntumba Luaba Lumu was the Executive Secretary of International Conference on the Great Lakes Region from December 2011 until 2016.

He previously served as the Human Rights Minister of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DR of the Congo). Prior to this appointment, he was a Professor of Public International Law in Kinshasa. He was one of the persons, who represented the DR of the Congo at the International Court of Justice at the Hague.

In May 2003, Ntumba was forced to seek refuge at UN controlled facilities during a local bloodbath that killed more than 112 people. This incident was one of several in recent years in which Ntumba's personal safety was threatened by continued internal violence. A year earlier, in 2002, Ntumba was held hostage for a week by Hema militants in Bunia before being released unharmed. Ntumba Luaba held several positions in DRC's government such as MP, deputy minister of justice, minister of human rights, secretary general of government. He was the Director of the national DDR program until his appointment as DRC's representative and executive secretary of the CEPGL (Great Lakes Economic Community).

title: Ntumba Luaba


text:
Bart Goor

Bart Goor (born 9 April 1973) is a Belgian football manager and former professional international footballer who played as a left winger.

Geel
Goor began his professional career representing K.F.C. Verbroedering Geel in 1991 having risen through the club's youth ranks. He spent six years at the Antwerp-based club, playing 142 league games for and scoring 27 goals for the club playing from a midfield position.

Racing Genk
Eventually, Goor caught the eye of Racing Genk and transferred there for the 1996–97 season. His first and only season at the club proved very successful, especially in goal return, the midfielder successfully netting with an average for the club of just over a goal every two games.

Anderlecht
His season at Genk obviously caught the eye of the R.S.C. Anderlecht hierarchy and Goor joined the Belgian giants, making his debut for his new side on 12 August 1997, in an eventual 2–0 victory over Ukrainian side Vorskla Poltava. A month later, on 16 September, Goor netted his first Anderlecht goal, scoring the second goal for R.S.C. in a 4–3 win over SV Austria Salzburg. In this first term with Anderlecht, Goor completed 32 Belgian First Division games, scoring 8 goals – a downturn from his tally the previous year at Genk but an impressive feat nonetheless for a midfielder.

Following this first season, Goor would go on to represent Anderlecht in all competitions, playing a regular role in the side's starting eleven. His most notable period in this first spell at Anderlecht was during the 2000–01 campaign, during which Anderlecht gained several high-profile victories over a host of big-name European clubs, such as Manchester United, Real Madrid and Lazio. In the 2–0 victory over Real, Goor got himself on the score-sheet.

Hertha BSC and Feyenoord
Goor's impressive and consistent form for Anderlecht was eventually rewarded by a transfer to Hertha BSC, where the Belgian would go on to spend three seasons. During this time he notched up a respectable number of performances for the German Bundesliga outfit, statistically improving his goal return in an average that saw 87 league appearances include a total of 13 goals.

He then transferred to Feyenoord, playing at the club as a regular in a time at the club that proved short-lived. After a falling-out with management staff, a decision was made for Goor to cut short his stay at the Eredivisie side.

Return to Anderlecht
A return to previous team Anderlecht proved the most tantalizing proposition for Goor following his Feyenoord troubles, and he signed back on for the side in the 2005–06 season. For a second time around Goor proved to be a hit for the Belgian side, featuring again as a regular in the squad and eventually becoming the club captain in 2006 following the retirement of Pär Zetterberg. He was captain of the Anderlecht side in the 2006–07 season. In the 2007–08 season, the captain's armband was handed over to the younger vice-captain Olivier Deschacht in times of Goor's absence through injury or national duty, with Deschacht ultimately becoming Anderlecht's official captain. He would go on to represent Anderlecht until midway through the 2008–09 campaign, having collected four Belgian First Division titles during his two stays at the Brussels club.

Post-Anderlecht
Having played his final game for Anderlecht on 18 December 2008, Goor completed a planned transfer to Germinal Beerschot in January 2009, where he played over two seasons. On 25 November 2011, news was released that Bart Goor and Beerschot had mutually agreed to terminate his contract, allowing Goor to sign for Westerlo who signed him to help avoid relegation. Westerlo was however unable to avoid relegation, but Goor remained with the team, completing the 2012–13 season in the Belgian Second Division. Goor then transferred to Dessel Sport in the same league, where he played the final season in his career.

Euro 2000
Goor was part of the Belgium national football team at Euro 2000, which was co-hosted by Belgium and the Netherlands. Despite the team's victory in the opening game of tournament against Sweden, in which Goor scored the opening goal, the Belgians lost their second group match against Italy, and subsequently crashed out of the tournament in disappointing style in front of their own fans at the hands of Turkey in the first round.

Career statistics

 * Scores and results list Belgium's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Goor goal.

Honours
Anderlecht
 * Belgian First Division: 1999–2000, 2000–01, 2005–06, 2006–07
 * Belgian Cup: 2007–08
 * Belgian Supercup: 2000, 2006, 2007
 * Belgian League Cup: 2000
 * Belgian Sports Team of the Year: 2000
 * Jules Pappaert Cup: 2000, 2001

Hertha Berlin
 * DFL-Ligapokal: 2001, 2002

Belgium
 * FIFA Fair Play Trophy: 2002 World Cup

Individual

 * Goal of the Season: 2009-2010

title: Bart Goor


text:
Eskimo Joe's

Eskimo Joe's is a restaurant and bar located at 501 W. Elm in Stillwater, Oklahoma.

History
Eskimo Joe's was opened by Steve File (who came up with the name) and Stan Clark (who later purchased File's interest and became sole owner), two graduates of nearby Oklahoma State University (OSU), on July 21, 1975. Originally, Eskimo Joe's was only a bar, but when the drinking age was raised from 18 to 21 in 1984, the business became a restaurant as well. The name came from the desire to express that Eskimo Joe's had the coldest beer in town.

The restaurant, also called "Stillwater's Jumpin' Little Juke Joint," occupies a two story building with a unique atrium dubbed the "Joe Dome" featuring a retractable glass roof, built in 1992. Eskimo Joe's is a popular hang-out for OSU students and is located across the street from the main campus. It is an extended part of "The Strip," a hang-out zone of bars centered on Washington Street, and often features concerts and other late-night attractions for the college drinking scene, such as Ladies Night or Coin Beer. In early 2003 Eskimo Joe's started a "Thirsty Thursday" promotion that charged a $5 cover and gave patrons all the domestic beer they cared to drink. This promotion has since changed to "bottomless bottles."

Media references
In the season 9 episode 12 of the ABC sitcom The Middle titled "The Other Man", the character Brad mentioned to Sue at the 18 minute mark that he and Luke went down the street to Eskimo Joe's. The scene was set where Sue attends college which was in Indiana.

In 2005, Sports Illustrated ' s on-line magazine, SI on Campus, named Eskimo Joe's the third best collegiate sports bar in the U.S.

In 1990, during his commencement speech, President George H. W. Bush endorsed Eskimo Joe's cheese fries. In 2006, during his commencement speech, President George W. Bush followed his father's footsteps and also mentioned both the restaurant and the cheese fries.

Eskimo Joe's is referenced in season 1 episode 2 of the Oblong's.

Merchandise and mascots
Eskimo Joe's is also famous for its branded merchandise. The Eskimo Joe logo, featuring the smiling cartoon Eskimo Joe and his slobbering canine friend Buffy, was created in 1975 by a freshman art student at OSU, Bill Thompson. The company runs a retail outlet connected to the restaurant in Stillwater, as well as a location in Tulsa, and mail-order and online catalog businesses; around the Christmas season, several temporary stores open in malls in cities around the state.

Restaurants
Eskimo Joe's is part of a chain of themed restaurants, all owned by Clark, that used to be called the "Three Amigos." In 1984, Stillwater Bay Oyster Company, a more upscale seafood and steak restaurant, opened; and in 1987, Mexico Joe's rounded out the trio. In 2000, Joseppi's, an Italian-themed restaurant, opened down the street from the relocated Mexico Joe's. The two buildings share the same antique-looking architecture and intricate interior design, and the restaurants share the same price bracket; slightly higher than the burgers and fries of Eskimo Joe's. For a brief time, the four Stan Clark restaurants were referred to as the "Fab Four" but Stillwater Bay (as its name had been shortened to by then) closed in 2005, returning the chain to the "Three Amigos" once more.

Joseppi's closed on May 24, 2014. The website now informs patrons that a new restaurant, called Mojo’s, would be opening in Fall 2014 that would serve American fare and also contain a bowling alley. It closed in January 2018.

The other restaurants feature mascots – Mexico Joe's is a sombrero and poncho wearing Joe with a donkey (Bucky); Joseppi's is Joe with a twirly Sicilian mustache and chef outfit accompanied by a monkey (Peppino). However, neither version is as popular as Eskimo Joe and Buffy.

The restaurant was mentioned by Jimmy Fallon on October 6, 2009 after visiting the establishment for Orange Peel 2009.

It was mentioned again on The Late Show With Stephen Colbert in 2018 in a segment done with native Stillwater actor James Marsden.

title: Eskimo Joe's


text:
Richard Ivey

Richard Ivey may refer to:
 * Richard G. Ivey, businessman and philanthropist, namesake of the Ivey Business School
 * Richard M. Ivey (1925–2019), his son, Canadian lawyer and philanthropist

title: Richard Ivey


text:
Talk:Sorbs (disambiguation)

Pls provide academic proof of the relation between the Sorbs & Serbs.
There's no relation between the Sorbs and the Serbs just as same as no relation between Slovenia & Slovakia or Rusyn & Russia. All these are, of course, slavs, but they are different slavs: East slavs, West slavs, South slavs.

Pls provide the academic proof of the relation between the Sorbs & Serbs, if you believe otherwise. Cat12zu 19:33, 30 August 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Sorbs (disambiguation)


text:
Bad Times

Bad Times is a computer virus hoax sent out by e-mail. This "virus" does not actually exist, and the "warning" is meant to parody the alarmist message that spread the hoax of the Goodtimes virus hoax.

The "Badtimes" email followed the principles of "Goodtimes", by warning of the horrible consequences that the alleged virus could inflict. However, "Badtimes" attempted to make itself implausible even to people unfamiliar with computers, although it started by claiming that the virus would wipe the victim's computer hard disk drive: implausible claims that "Badtimes" made included using subspace field harmonics to scratch any CDs that the victim attempted to play, drinking all the beer, and leaving dirty socks on the coffee table when the victim expected company. Some versions of "Badtimes" claimed that the virus replaced lunch meat with Spam, while making the victim's cologne and perfume smell like pickled cucumber.

It is unclear whether the "Badtimes" email can be classed as a joke or a hoax: in June 2006, Sophos acknowledged that "Badtimes" meant to parody virus hoax emails, but nevertheless advised against forwarding the joke email, in case the recipients misunderstood the threat to be real.

The hoax inspired a musical version, by the group Laika, where the female lyricist recites the contents of one of the versions of the virus.

The "Weird Al" Yankovic song "Virus Alert" contains several similar claims in its lyrics.

title: Bad Times


text: Template:User ff-0

title: Template:User ff-0


text:
Andrássy

The House of Andrássy is the name of a Hungarian noble family of very ancient lineage that was prominent in Hungarian history. The full family name is Andrássy de Csíkszentkirály et Krasznahorka. Csíkszentkirály is a town in modern-day Romania, now called Sâncrăieni, while Krásna Hôrka is a castle in Slovakia.

Recent history
The present head of the family is Count Gyula Andrássy de Csik-Szent-Király et Kraszna-Horka (b. 1927), who with his family currently resides in Canada. He married as his first wife the former Renate Hiller (b. 1928) in 1958, with no issue. He married secondly in 1964 the former Lesley Trist (b. 1934). By his second wife, he has one son, Michael (b. 1967), and one daughter, Ilona (b. 1965).

Count Gyula Andrássy is the son of the late Count Mihály Andrássy (1893–1990) and his late wife, née Countess Gabrielle Károlyi de Nagy-Károly (1899–1992). The paternal uncle of Count Gyula Andrássy was the late Count Imre Andrássy (1891-1985), who married firstly Edit Payer (without issue) and secondly in 1919 at Stockholm, Sweden, Stella Kuylenstierna (of Swedish nobility; 1902–1998). By his second wife, Count Imre Andrássy had one son, Imre Jr (1930-1984) married to Lois Mitchell from 1959 until her death in 1977, and two daughters, Maria "Vivi" (1921-2019), who married in 1941 Count Pál Cziraky (1919-2014), and Erzsébet "Bonzo" (1924-2017), who married, in 1950, Aladár Olgyay (1910-1963).

Notable family members

 * Miklós Andrássy (1686-?), Obergespan of Gemer
 * Péter Andrássy (1659–1715), Obergespan of Gemer, son of Miklós Andrássy
 * Baron István Andrássy, Hungarian general and brother of Péter Andrássy
 * Baron József Andrássy
 * Baron Károly Andrássy (1725–1792), became a Count in 1779
 * Count József Andrássy (1762–1834)
 * Count Károly Andrássy (1792–1845), Hungarian politician
 * Count Gyula Andrássy (1823–1890), Hungarian statesman who served as Prime Minister of Hungary and then Foreign Minister of Austria-Hungary
 * Count Gyula Andrássy the Younger (1860–1929), son of Gyula Andrássy
 * Count Julius Andrássy (1961-2021), Grandson of Gyula Andrássy
 * William Hespeler (1830-1921), German-Canadian businessman and politician, Great-Grandson of Károly Andrássy
 * Adam Beck (1857-1925), Canadian politician, nephew of William Hespeler, Great-Great-Grandson of Károly Andrássy

Places

 * Andrássy Avenue in Budapest
 * Andrássy Gyula German Language University of Budapest in Budapest

title: Andrássy


text:
Talk:Dam Brit

Welcome!
Knowing there are a lot of people out there who think a Brit milah is mutilation, and having my last creation torn apart, I want to be very careful about this page, and haven't posted it anywhere but here. I will put out some invitations to come review.

Why should this article exist? As a Jewish ritual, Brit-Dam is only performed when a Brit-Milah can't be performed – so one might think of it as only a Brit-Milah adjunct. Particularly in cases where a convert has been circumcised before becoming Baal Tshuv, it still is it's own distinct and separate ceremony with its own set of Jewish Laws pertaining. The focus should be on just Brit-Dam, not on Brit-Milah. What are my motives? Although I know about it, and I know the Milah l'shem Giur will get my son out of it (if my wife doesn't pass the Beit din), I have never been present at the ceremony, and do not know what actually takes place. Though I believe it to be a euphemism, I have always heard it referred to by my parents and others as "The Pinprick." I was hoping that knowledgable Wikipedians could help fill in the gaps and get some weird images out of my head.

To these ends, I wrote as much I know, coupled with what I gleaned from the internet source mentioned, in the draft below. It quite clearly is missing a "ceremony" section, and could also use a "laws" section.

— < T A L K JNDRLINE T A L K >     19:35, 30 August 2005 (UTC)

Draft
{| width=95% align=center class="wikitable" Brit-Dam or Dam-Brit (heb. ברית דם lit. "Blood of the Covenant") refers to the fulfillment of the Mitzvah of a Brit Milah.

Blood
A Brit Milah is not considered complete, unless Brit-Dam has occurred. This is not the intentional spilling of blood, as one might assume. The standard medical methods of circumcision through constriction are not allowed by Jewish Law because they cause homeostasis (stop the flow of blood). A Brit Milah is not proper, without the use of an appropriate izmel (specialized surgical knife).

Contrary to the Jewish method – when performed by a urologist or a surgeon, rather than a Mohel – constriction is performed either with the use of clamps or a synthetic ring. This method works by crushing the skin until it severs. The nerve endings and the blood vessels are severed in the same manner, causing pain and homeostasis. (Ritual Circumcision - Brit Milah)  Although medically sound, this is not a valid means of ritual circumcision under Jewish Law, because it does not fulfill the Brit-Dam.

Role in Conversion
There are reasons not to perform an circumcision when man has converted to Judaism. A circumcision is not required if they have already had a circumcision prior to conversion, or they have medical reasons not to be circumcised, or it would be considered medically unsound (in the United States, it is considered medical malpractice to circumcise a child over 30 days old).

In these situations, though a Brit Milah can not occur, a Brit-Dam can still take place, so the person is still capable of fulfilling the important Mitzvah, becoming Baal Tshuv.

 * }

מחשבותי
Google searches make me think this probably belongs at "Dam brit" ("Covenant Blood"). "Brit dam" means "Covenant of Blood", which is part of the concept, but not the main topic of this article at present. I'm curious... was this article created as an anti-article of sorts for Brit Shalom? Tomer TALK 21:58, August 30, 2005 (UTC)
 * Yeah, I wasn't certain: Brit-Dam, Dam-Brit, Brit Dam, Dam Brit. My mother has always said Brit Dam, but I think that's just what she was always taught (Modern Orthodox, England).  I think modern Hebrew might put a connotation on that version depending on how the compound phrase is used.  I'm not adverse to seeing it move.  I'll wait to see if anyone else replies that they think it should too.

 * No, it wasn't, but that was a good call; every time I've come accross Brit Shalom on the Brit milah page today, I've re-read it. My motives/intentions truly were what I said in my welcome above.  I think the driving forces behind that article would probably be against this as well as "actual" circumcision.

 * — < T A L K JNDRLINE T A L K >      22:37, 30 August 2005 (UTC)

 * BTW, it's not called "brit dam" when an already-circumcised man converts, it's called הטפת דם ברית. Tomer TALK  22:30, August 30, 2005 (UTC)

 * Okay, that's two and a half out of three, I'll move it.

 * — < T A L K JNDRLINE T A L K >      22:37, 30 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Now I can't help but snicker...I keep reading "dam brit" as "damn brit". :-p Tomer TALK 23:44, August 30, 2005 (UTC)

 * Well, the article is weakened by the fact that it doesn't actually say what a Brit-dam is! Also -- beware easter egg links; it's not immediately obvious why Baal Tshuv is linked to Ger tzedek. --jpgordon∇∆∇∆ 22:37, 30 August 2005 (UTC)

Reasoning for REDIRECT to Brit milah

 * You know, I am really horrified that here we have someone attempting to write an important "article" based on what his mother did (or did not) teach him. How on Earth can we read from the above anon: "Yeah, I wasn't certain: Brit-Dam, Dam-Brit, Brit Dam, Dam Brit. My mother has always said Brit Dam, but I think that's just what she was always taught (Modern Orthodox, England)" and still take this article and it's contents seriously? Basically this topic contravanes both No original research and the teachings of Judaism, trying to "disembowel" Brit milah by focusing on a total miscomprehension and outright ignorance of the subject of Jewish circumcision, for admitted "personal reasons" of one's own son's hoped-for conversion to Judaism (see above anon's words "What are my motives? Although I know about it, and I know the Milah l'shem Giur will get my son out of it (if my wife doesn't pass the Beit din), I have never been present at the ceremony, and do not know what actually takes place.") Since when is Wikipedia a vehicle for solving private individual's religious quandaries? The guy "writes" an "article" here, then will go ahead and "show it off" to other's as some sort of "proof" for his own foiled religious aspirations? Wikipedia and Wikipedians are too smart for that to be allowed to happen. Quo Vadis?IZAK 04:04, 31 August 2005 (UTC)
 * IZAK, while I don't disagree, per se, with anything you've said, every single sentence of it could have been said much more civilly, and if you reanalyze the things to which you're responding, you'll quickly find that there have been no anons involved in this discussion whatsoever. What you have done is engage in a chillul Hashem by bashing someone with whom you think you disagree, under the guise of upholding WP policy.  Not only have you violated WP:NPA, WP:BITE and WP:Civility, but you've disgraced yourself and everything you claim to uphold in the process. Tomer TALK  04:32, August 31, 2005 (UTC)
 * Again, Tomer, my thank-you's. Not only for the response, but also for the help in creating the article.  I had a feeling it would be merged, because without laws (and avoiding the unceremonial "ceremony" description you gave) it simply isn't substantive enough to stand on its own. Jndrline 15:45, 31 August 2005 (UTC)
 * IZAK, I'd like to clarify two points: I was talking about my wife (currently converting; not foiled; will never have a hatafat dam brit) and son (had a milah l'shem giur; just turned 2yo), not myself. Also, I never mentioned where I gleaned my information (my mother was only the source of the inverted phrase "Brit Dam," and of my curiosity), but you can see from my citation and from the text, where I got most of it.  Again, I don't see any edits that you made to correct any misinformation I may have been "showing off" – you copied it over to brit milah pretty much as-is!
 * — < T A L K JNDRLINE T A L K >

Second Draft
All good feedback. Moved the page, took off Brit-Dam, added full Hebrew הטפת דם ברית, which sounded familiar once I saw it. Corrected Baal Tshuv/Ger Tzedek. (It was orginally unlinked, I was planning to go back to the article to double-check that it really was where I wanted it to go; still unclear: Baal Tshuv is for all people who convert, or only Jews who become Orthodox? The comment would mean more if were the latter, so that's what I'm guessing.)  Capitalised Urologist. Still waiting for the meat before I take the draft notice off the article: 1. What actually happens during the ceremony? 2. What would help this avoid controversy? 3. הטפה in English (foreignword.com isn't working for me right now)?
 * There's no need to capitalize "urologist", nor a number of other words that were capitalized previously. As for Ba'alei T'shuva, that means someone who's become more observant than they were, literally, they've returned to being observant from not being observant.  Someone who undergoes a giyur because their status was sofeq (in doubt) can be considered a ba'al t'shuva, but generally it refers to people who were born Jews and for whatever reason were previously less observant than they are "now".  A ger tzedeq, on the other hand, means a convert, and says nothing about their level of observance.  For example, Dr. Laura converted orthodox (her mother wasn't Jewish, although her father was), embraced Judaism, and has since become less observant than she once was.  AFAIK, she has not renounced her conversion, and AFAIK, no beth din has excommunicated her, so she's still Jewish, she's just an apikores.  If she decides at some point in the future, however, to become observant again, then she'll be a ba'al tshuva.  What actually happens during hatafath dam brith is that the mohel grabs you and jabs you in the dingaling, extracts a drop of blood onto a napkin or whatever, and sets you free.  Then he goes and shows the beth din the drop of blood, and they nod their approval that it's been conducted properly.  Whole thing takes about 38 seconds, half of which is you fumbling around trying to figure out some way for him to do it w/o you actually having to let him see or (ch"v) touch your weener.  Moving right along... I took out the stuff about baalei tshuva and garei tzedeq, since it really has nothing to do with hatafath dam brith.  In the article on giyur, a brief mention can be made that men undergoing giyur have to be either circumcised by a mohel, or if that is not possible, must undergo hatafat dam brit (which is where the current stuff in Dam Brit belongs, as a simple subsection).  As for "what would help this avoid controversy", I'm at a loss...what is "this", and what is the controversy?  As for hatafa, I think it's usually translated as "preaching". :-p  Kol tov.  Tomer TALK  23:30, August 30, 2005 (UTC)
 * As for the "ceremony" bit missing, that's probably not very "fixable", since it's a rather unceremonious event, as described above. :-p  Tomer TALK  23:52, August 30, 2005 (UTC)

{| width=95% align=center class="wikitable" Dam Brit (heb. דם ברית lit. "Blood of the Covenant") refers to the fulfillment of the Mitzvah of a Brit Milah.

Blood
A brit milah is not considered complete, unless blood is actually drawn. This is not the intentional spilling of blood, as circumcision opponents might allege. The standard medical methods of circumcision through constriction do not meet the requirements of the halakhah for brit milah, because they cause homeostasis, i.e., they stop the flow of blood. A brit milah, to be conducted properly, requires the use of a specialized surgical knife, called an izmel.

Unlike the traditional Jewish method – when performed by a urologist or other surgeon, (as opposed to by a mohel) – constriction is performed either with the use of clamps or a synthetic ring. This method works by crushing the skin until it is severed. The nerve endings and the blood vessels are severed in the same manner, causing pain and homeostasis.

Role in Conversion
There are reasons not to perform a circumcision when a man has converted to Judaism. A circumcision is not possible if a convert was already circumcised prior to conversion, or if he has a medical condition (such as hemophilia) which would cause a circumcision to potentially endanger his life. In these situations, though a brit milah can not occur, and instead a single drop of blood is extracted, in a practice called hatafat dam brit (Heb. הטפת דם בדית).

External link

 * Ritual Circumcision - Brit Milah from the Chabad Lubavitch library

 * }

Tomer made quite a few good edits within the draft. I particularly like the "one might assume"->"circumcision opponents allege." I was having some issues thinking of another way of saying it. I've changed the double-redirect and the tense for "conversion to Judaism." — < T A L K JNDRLINE T A L K >

 * "as circumcision opponents might allege" is POV and weasel words. Please clarify how "not complete unless blood is actually drawn" is not "the intentional spilling of blood". Any distinction between "drawing" and "spilling" seems academic when the key issue is that blood leaves the person's body. --Hugh7 20:07, 9 May 2006 (UTC)

 * See my responses in above the Draft section above. Tomer TALK  23:33, August 30, 2005 (UTC)
 * Sorry, didn't see that. — < T A L K JNDRLINE T A L K >

title: Talk:Dam Brit


text:
Walter Baseggio

Walter Baseggio (born 19 August 1978) is a retired Belgian professional footballer who played as a central midfielder.

He spent most of his 15-year professional career with Anderlecht, amassing Belgian Pro League totals of 285 games and 48 goals and also representing in the competition Mouscron. He won major nine titles with his main club, including five national championships.

Club career
Born in Clabecq, Wallonia, Baseggio made an impressive debut for R.S.C. Anderlecht aged 17, against old rivals Standard Liège, and scored his first goal in the same game. At the time a hot prospect for the future, he was in direct competition with Enzo Scifo and Pär Zetterberg, two players whose talent was already confirmed; eventually he became a first-team regular, and then the maestro of the team after the departures of the pair in the late 1990s.

With the return of Zetterberg in the summer of 2003, Anderlecht coach Hugo Broos decided that there was no room for both players, and Baseggio found himself with few game opportunities, until the manager was fired in February 2005. After a disappointing end of season, he also played second-choice for new coach Franky Vercauteren; the owner of an extremely powerful shot, he scored the 1–1 equalizer in an eventual 2–1 win against R.A.A. Louviéroise in mid-November 2004, hitting the ball with such power that it burst.

In the 2005 summer Baseggio was transfer listed, joining Italy's Treviso F.B.C. 1993 in January 2006 and being relegated from Serie A in his first year. However, in the mid-season interval of the next season, he returned to Anderlecht: in his two stints with the Brussels club, he won four leagues, although he was only a fringe player in the last conquest.

After only three matches in the first part of the 2007–08 campaign, Baseggio moved again in January, joining R.E. Mouscron for an undisclosed fee, with a contract due to expire in June 2010. On 20 May of that year, the 31-year-old signed a three-year deal with A.F.C. Tubize in the second division, being a free agent since late in the previous year after the former side had folded due to serious financial problems. He played the remainder of his career in amateur football, representing Patro Lensois and ETSP Brainoise.

International career
Baseggio made his Belgium debut on 27 March 1999 (aged 20) in a 1–0 friendly loss in Bulgaria, going on to collect a further 26 caps. He did not take part, however, in any major international tournament, being injured for both the UEFA Euro 2000 and 2002 FIFA World Cup competitions.

Illness
Baseggio was diagnosed with thyroid cancer in June 2009. After being given the all-clear by doctors in 2010, he announced in May 2012 the cancer had returned.

Honours
Anderlecht

 * Belgian First Division: 1999–00, 2003–04, 2006–07
 * Belgian Cup: runner-up 1996–97
 * Belgian Supercup: 2000, 2001, 2007
 * Belgian League Cup: 2000
 * Belgian Sports Team of the Year: 2000

Individual
 * Belgian Young Professional Footballer of the Year: 1998–99, 1999–2000
 * Belgian Professional Footballer of the Year: 2000–01

title: Walter Baseggio


text:
L&O

L&O may refer to:

 * Law & Order (franchise), a number of related television programs created by Dick Wolf
 * Law & Order (1990–2010), an American police procedural and legal drama television series set in New York City
 * Law & Order: Dead on the Money, first in a series of computer games based on the television series Law & Order
 * Law & Order: Double or Nothing, second in a series of computer games based on the television series Law & Order
 * Law & Order: Special Victims Unit (1999–), an American police procedural television drama series set in New York City
 * Law & Order: Criminal Intent (2001–2011), an American police procedural television drama series set in New York City
 * Law & Order: Trial by Jury (2005–2006), an American television drama about criminal trials set in New York City
 * Law & Order: UK (2009–), a British police procedural and legal television programme set in London, England
 * Law & Order: LA (2010–2011), an American police procedural-legal television drama series set in Los Angeles, California
 * Leigh & Orange, an international architectural and interior design practice
 * Lexington and Ohio Railroad, the first railroad in the U.S. state of Kentucky
 * Lorton and Occoquan Railroad, a seven-mile railroad line running between the Lorton Reformatory and Occoquan, Virginia

title: L&O


text: User talk:83.71.162.221

title: User talk:83.71.162.221


text:
User talk:Mdemian

Welcome
Hello , and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, you can sign your name on Talk and vote pages using three tildes, like this: ~~~. Four tildes (~~~~) produces your name and the current date. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my talk page. Again, welcome! --Lord Voldemort (Dark Mark) 19:35, 30 August 2005 (UTC)
 * The Five Pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
 * Editing tutorial
 * Picture tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Naming conventions
 * Manual of Style

title: User talk:Mdemian