text:
User:Prabulinc

Prabu Uthirapathi
software developer

http://prabublog.blogspot.com/

 * Working on web portal,single sign on and apache reverse proxy

title: User:Prabulinc


text:
Thomas Hutchinson (MP)

Sir Thomas Hutchinson (4 September 1589 – 18 August 1643) was an English politician notable for his service as a Member of Parliament (MP) for Nottinghamshire. He held this position from 1626 until his death in 1643.

Early life and education
Thomas Hutchinson was born on 4 September 1589 in Owthorpe, Nottinghamshire. He was the only son of Thomas Hutchinson of Cropwell, Notts, and Jane, the daughter and heir of Henry Sacheverell of Radcliffe-upon-Soar, Notts. Hutchinson inherited his estate as a minor in 1599, and his early years were marked by a violent altercation with his guardian, Sir German Pole, in February 1613. Pole ambushed Hutchinson and cut off two or three of his fingers, but Hutchinson wrestled with him and bit off part of Pole's nose, which Hutchinson carried off in his pocket. Despite the adversity, he gained substantial respect and glory for his honorable conduct during the incident, according to his daughter-in-law.

Hutchinson was educated at Pembroke College, Cambridge, in 1606, followed by legal studies at Gray's Inn in 1609.

Career and public service
Sir Thomas Hutchinson was knighted at Hitchinbrook in 1617 by King James I and appointed High Sheriff of Nottinghamshire in 1620. He was heavily involved in local governance, holding various commissions ranging from subsidies and sewers to charitable uses and sequestration. He was a Deputy Lieutenant of Nottinghamshire by 1637 and remained active in an array of administrative roles until his death.

His political career took off when he was elected as the Member of Parliament for Nottinghamshire in 1626. Hutchinson's parliamentary involvement was not limited to legislative affairs; he was actively involved in executing important missions for the King. Despite his Puritan leanings, he was a conformist to the Church of England and was not averse to the act of kneeling during communion.

Personal life
Hutchinson married twice: first to Margaret, the daughter of Sir John Byron of Newstead Abbey, Notts, with whom he had three sons, one of whom died young; and secondly to Catherine, the daughter of Sir John Stanhope of Shelford, Notts, with whom he had one son and two daughters.

Death and legacy
He died on 18 August 1643 in London and was buried at St. Paul's, Covent Garden. He was succeeded by his son John, who later gained notoriety as a regicide and also served as a Member of Parliament for Nottinghamshire.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Thomas Hutchinson (MP)


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Edward Young, Baron Young of Old Windsor

Edward Young, Baron Young of Old Windsor, (born 24 October 1966) is a British courtier who served as Private Secretary to the Sovereign from 2017 to 2023. In this role, he was the senior operational member of the Royal Households of the United Kingdom. Young was recruited to the Royal Household in 2004, serving as Queen Elizabeth II's assistant and then as deputy private secretary until his promotion to private secretary in 2017. After the death of Elizabeth II in 2022, Young served as joint principal private secretary to King Charles III until he stepped down in May 2023.

Early life and career
Young was born on 24 October 1966 to Edward Young and Sally Rougier Young. He was educated at Reading School in Berkshire, where he was a boarder.

Young worked for the international side of Barclays Bank between 1985 and 1997, where he held a range of executive roles including as a specialist in international trade finance and as manager for the Corporate Bank European Currency Programme. In 1997, he moved to Barclays' Head Office to become the bank's Deputy Head of Corporate Public Relations.

From late 1999 to 2001, he was an advisor to Michael Portillo, the Conservative Party's shadow chancellor of the Exchequer, and then to the party's Leader of the Opposition, William Hague. In 2001, Young was appointed Head of Communications at Granada plc, working primarily on the merger with Carlton Communications to form ITV PLC in 2004.

Assistant and Deputy Private Secretary (2004–2017)
Young became an assistant private secretary to Queen Elizabeth II in September 2004. He was promoted to Deputy Private Secretary in September 2007 after the promotion of Christopher Geidt from Deputy Private Secretary to Private Secretary, on the retirement of Sir Robin Janvrin, Private Secretary from 1997 to 2007.

As Deputy Private Secretary he played a key role in the planning of the Queen's visit to the Republic of Ireland in 2011. He is credited with assisting the Queen in writing the highly praised speech, which she began with a few words in the Irish language. The Queen's visit was hailed as a diplomatic triumph that improved Anglo-Irish relations.

Young led the national planning of the Diamond Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth II, which took place in 2012. He persuaded Elizabeth to take part in the James Bond helicopter sketch in the opening ceremony of the 2012 Summer Olympics in London.

Private Secretary (2017–2023)
Young became Private Secretary in 2017, on Geidt's retirement. As Private Secretary, Young also served as Keeper of the Royal Archives and a Trustee of the Royal Collection Trust.

As head of the Private Secretary's Office, Young had direct control over the Press Office, the office of the Director for Security Liaison, the research, correspondence, anniversaries and records offices, and the Royal Archives.

As Private Secretary, Young was a member of the so-called 'golden triangle' of senior British officials – the others being the Cabinet Secretary and the Principal Private Secretary to the Prime Minister – with key responsibilities in the event of a hung parliament in the United Kingdom.

On 11 March 2021, The Times reported that royal historian Robert Lacey stated that Young had a share of the responsibility for the so-called Megxit royal crisis after the Oprah with Meghan and Harry U.S. CBS television interview. Lacey charged that Young "should have sat down with Meghan, Duchess of Sussex and explained precisely" her "relatively minor ranking" after her marriage to Prince Harry in 2018.

Young took part in the royal procession at the 2023 coronation.

Retirement
On 15 May 2023, Buckingham Palace announced that Young was retiring after 19 years of service to the Royal Family.

Following his retirement as private secretary to the sovereign, Young was granted a peerage, made a permanent lord-in-waiting, and appointed a Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath and a Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order.

On 13 June 2023, Young was created a life peer as Baron Young of Old Windsor, of Old Windsor in the Royal County of Berkshire, and was introduced to the House of Lords on 15 June. He sits as a crossbencher and made his maiden speech on 15 November 2023.

Personal life
Young was married in 2003 and has one daughter.

Honours and awards
Young was appointed Lieutenant of the Royal Victorian Order (LVO) in the 2010 Birthday Honours, and was promoted to Commander (CVO) in the 2015 Birthday Honours, and Knight Commander (KCVO) in the 2020 New Year Honours. Upon his leaving office as Private Secretary to the Sovereign, King Charles III appointed Young a Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath (GCB) and a Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order (GCVO). Young was also granted a peerage and made a permanent lord-in-waiting.

On 11 October 2017, Young was sworn of the Privy Council.


text: User talk:203.222.156.214

title: User talk:203.222.156.214


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Melodyme

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was Delete --Allen3 talk 12:32, August 30, 2005 (UTC)

Melodyme
nn band, few songs, little Google Dlyons493 23:32, 24 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete nn band vanity. -- Etacar11   03:29, 25 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. --GraemeL (talk) 11:34, 25 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete - not notable - Tεx  τ  urε  16:43, 29 August 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Talk:Oxalyl chloride

Incorrect section
I'm not a usual contributor to wikipedia so apologies I don't know the correct way to write here. I notice on this page there is a comment "One of the minor by-products from this reaction is a potent carcinogen.[7]". This is not correct, I have the copy of Clayden that is referenced. The carcinogenic comment refers to a comment that DMF will also form the villsmeier reagent with Thionyl chloride but this is not advised due to the formation of a potent carcinogen. It does not state that oxalyl chloride and DMF forms a carcinogen. 143.167.185.69 (talk) 13:32, 27 October 2013 (UTC)EF

There's something wrong in this article, the reaction to create Cyalume with Oxalyl chloride is not with phenol but with 2,4,6-trichlorophenol...

Aircraft damaged by improper shipment of oxalyl chloride
I thought about adding the section below to the main article but then decided it was too far off the topic of oxalyl chloride itself though it is an example of how corrosive oxalyl chloride can be.

On 15 March 2000 eighty canisters of oxalyl chloride were falsely labeled and declared as a non-toxic solid substance, hydroxyquinoline, and shipped as cargo via Malaysia Airlines from Beijing, China to Chennai, India. One or more canisters leaked on the first leg of the flight which was from from Beijing to Kuala Lumpur. The flight crew detected an acrid odor before landing in Kuala Lumpur and five ground handlers in Kuala Lumpur were taken ill when unloading the canisters.

The passengers disembarked without incident but inspection found extensive corrosion damage to the fuselage, wing box structure and landing gear. The six-year-old Airbus A330-300 was so badly damaged that the manufacturer concluded that it could not be repaired. Following extensive inspections by Airbus and insurers the aircraft was declared a constructive total loss about a year after the incident.

References Marc Kupper (talk) (contribs) 09:10, 9 December 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:Oxalyl chloride


text:
Sitapur

Sitapur is a city and a municipal board in Sitapur district in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India. It is located 90 kilometres north of state capital, Lucknow. The traditional origin for the name is said to be by the King Vikramāditya from Lord Ram's wife Sita.

Administration
The district is divided into 7 Tehsils: Sitapur, Biswan, Mishrikh, Maholi, Laharpur, Mahmoodabad and Sidhauli. There are 19 blocks, 4 parliamentary constituencies (Sitapur, Mishrikh (SC), Mohanlalganj, Dhaurhara), 9 assembly constituencies (Sevata, Biswan, Mahmoodabad, Sidhauli (SC), Laharpur, Sitapur, Hargaon (SC), Mishrikh and Maholi), 19 Blocks and 26 Police Stations. Total population of the district is 44.84 lakh and the area is 5,743 km2. There are 2,348 census villages and 1,601 Gram Panchayats in the district. The Vehicle UP-34 is Registered in Sitapur RTO Transport office.

Demographics
Sitapur municipality has a population of 177,234. Sitapur has a sex ratio of 912 females per 1000 males and a literacy rate of 80.57%. 19,794 (11.17%) were under 6 years of age. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes made up 11.36% and 0.13% of the population respectively.

Hindi is the major language, spoken by 88.03% of the population. Urdu is spoken by 11.67% of the population.

Rail
Sitapur has 2 railway stations. Sitapur is well connected to Lucknow, Lakhimpur, Mailani, Bhurwal, Gonda, Gorakhpur and Moradabad by broad gauge line. It also has a branch line between Sitapur city and Balamau Junction in Hardoi district.

The major railway station is Sitapur Junction railway station. Some express trains like Jan Sadharan Express, Jan Nayak Express, Amritsar-Saharsa Express, Karmabhoomi Express and Jansewa Express.

The other important station is Sitapur City Junction railway station/SPC. Couple of Express trains stops here.

Sitapur is also well connected by NH24 from Lucknow to Delhi.

Stadium
Sitapur has a stadium named after the Major Dhyan Chand.

Notable people

 * Captain Manoj Kumar Pandey - Captain Manoj Kumar Pandey, PVC was an officer of the Indian Army who was posthumously awarded India's highest military honour, the Param Vir Chakra, for his audacious courage and leadership during the Kargil War in 1999.

 * Wajahat Mirza – Indian screenwriter and film director
 * Ilyas Sitapuri - An Indian born Pakistani historical fiction writer

Politics
As the seat of the government of Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow is the site of the Uttar Pradesh Vidhan Sabha, Sitapur has 2 Loksabha seats and 9 Vidhan Sabha seats.

title: Sitapur


text:
Talk:Legend of the Five Rings (collectible card game)

Images
added, Images and links to images. I was unable to find an ancestor image. I also added kihos to the list. Anyone who has more information on kihos or an image of an ancester could help.Olleicua 23:32, 24 August 2005 (UTC)

RPG
Right, some people have been moving the L5R articles around and as a result seem to have totally lost the Role-playing game article thinking it is the same as the Card game. Anyone know where it is or can anyone return it to how it was? Ben W Bell 18:25, 7 December 2005 (UTC)

Name
Should this actually be at Legend of the Five Rings Collectible Card Game? TimBentley 21:04, 29 January 2006 (UTC)

Articles for Deletion debate
This article was redirected to Legend of the Five Rings (disambiguation) as a result of an Articles for Deletion debate. The discussion can be found here. -Splash talk 02:37, 4 February 2006 (UTC)

Naga section
Whoever wrote

"Naga A race of ancient snake people, the Naga were unable to win through honor victory, but had a strong military theme."

Clearly never played the game. The Naga was Heavily into kiho and magic with a slew of shugenja. Military? No way. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 137.183.232.24 (talk) 14:23, 30 August 2013 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 4 external links on Legend of the Five Rings (collectible card game). Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://archive.is/20030604181854/http://pages.sbcglobal.net/sarah-and-zen/l5r/checklists/index.html to http://pages.sbcglobal.net/sarah-and-zen/l5r/checklists/index.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20110623101239/http://www.l5r.com/news/new-look/ to http://www.l5r.com/news/new-look/
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20080514204122/http://www.l5r.com/ to http://www.l5r.com/
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text:
Stuart Shilson

Stuart James Shilson (born 1966) is a British management consultant and courtier, who serves since 2022 as Prior of St John in England.

Assistant Private Secretary to Queen Elizabeth II in the Royal Household of the Sovereign of the United Kingdom from 2001 until 2004, he returned to management consultants McKinsey & Company, becoming a Senior Partner.

Career
After attending St Paul's School in London, Shilson went up to Balliol College, Oxford, graduating with a first class degree in Mathematics and Philosophy (MA). He then pursued further studies, receiving an MSc degree in Computer Science from the University of Oxford and an MPhil degree in Law and Criminal Justice from the University of Cambridge.

Called to the Bar at Middle Temple in 1992, he practised commercial law for five years and then joined McKinsey, being seconded for one year to the Cabinet Office from 1999. Shilson is now a director of McKinsey in London.

Elected a Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society (FRGS) in 1989 and a Fellow of the Royal Society of Arts (FRSA) in 1996, Shilson was appointed Chairman of Goodenough College in 2020.

In 2019, he was commissioned as a Deputy Lieutenant (DL) for Greater London. Master of the Drapers' Company for 2022–23, Shilson served as Sub-Prior of the Most Venerable Order of Saint John from 2013 to 2016 becoming Prior of England and the Islands in March 2022.

Family
A son of David Shilson, he married in 1989 Sarah Coleman.

Honours

 * UK Royal Victorian Order ribbon.svg – Lieutenant of the Royal Victorian Order (LVO; 2004)
 * Order of St John (UK) ribbon -vector.svg – Bailiff Grand Cross of the Order of St John (GCStJ; 2013)
 * UK King Charles III Coronation Medal BAR.svg – King Charles III Coronation Medal (2023).

title: Stuart Shilson


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Peter Walton

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was DELETE. -Splash 23:12, 11 September 2005 (UTC)

Peter Walton
VfD not previously listed - no vote--Doc (?) 20:26, 3 September 2005 (UTC)

 * It is not often that I put things up for deletion, but, looking through the recent changes, this article caught my eye. Does this referee deserve an article? I have checked the internet, and, despite being in refereeing for such a long time, he has only ever officiated over very few top-flight games; the BBC lists 16 Premiership games, but perhaps that was only from one season. Nonetheless, I can find nothing remarkable about his life, or any controversial or important decision that he has made; so, I do not really see why this guy deserves an article above any other run-of-the-mill FA referee. If there are compelling reasons, I would love to know (although I am not much of a football fan;) but I cannot see what is notable about him, other than his being a select referee. That should take up a line, not a whole page. IINAG 23:33, 24th August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete--referees aren't inherently notable (indeed, if they do their jobs well, they don't get noticed at all). Meelar (talk) 23:50, September 3, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Article fails to convince that he was worth an article, & only 1 link to this article. (I guess Meelar is wrong: look at all of those famous referees at Referee (football)!) -- llywrch 00:13, 4 September 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Little York

Little York may refer to:

 * Little York, California, USA
 * Little York, Illinois, USA
 * Little York, Indiana, USA
 * Little York, Hunterdon County, New Jersey
 * Little York, Ohio a part of Butler Township, Montgomery County, Ohio
 * Little York Road, a street in Houston, Texas, USA

title: Little York


text:
Wendell Niles

Wendell Niles (December 29, 1904 – March 28, 1994) was an announcer during the American golden age of radio and later in television.

Early years
Niles was born in Livingston, Montana and grew up there. He attended New York University and the University of Montana.

Career
Niles worked on such radio shows as The Charlotte Greenwood Show, Hedda Hopper's Hollywood, The Adventures of Philip Marlowe, The Man Called X, The Bob Hope Show, The Burns & Allen Show, The Milton Berle Show and The Chase and Sanborn Hour. On February 15, 1950, Wendell starred in the radio pilot for The Adventures of the Scarlet Cloak along with Gerald Mohr.

He began in entertainment by touring in the 1920s with his own orchestra, playing with the Dorsey Brothers and Bix Beiderbecke.

In the early 1930s, Niles was an announcer at radio station KOL in Seattle. He moved to Los Angeles, California, in 1935 to join George Burns and Gracie Allen.

He and his brother, Ken Niles, developed one of the first radio dramas, which eventually became Theatre of the Mind.

He toured with Bob Hope during World War II and narrated a 1936 Academy Award-winning short film on the life of tennis great Bill Tilden. Niles and Don Pridle were co-hosts of the ABC radio program Icebox Follies in 1945.

Among his film credits are Knute Rockne, All American (1940) with Ronald Reagan and Hollywood or Bust (the last Martin & Lewis comedy, 1956) as himself.

Wendell Niles was the announcer for TV's "America's Show Of Surprises"... It Could Be You, and for the Hatos-Hall production Your First Impression. Niles was also the original announcer for Let's Make a Deal during that show's first season in 1963 and 1964; he was later replaced by Jay Stewart.

Niles and his brother, Ken, are the first brothers to have stars on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.

Death
Niles died of Parkinson's disease in his Toluca Lake, California home at the age of 89.

Selected filmography

 * Knute Rockne, All American (1940)
 * The Hitch-Hiker (1953)
 * Beyond a Reasonable Doubt (1956)
 * Hollywood or Bust (1956)

title: Wendell Niles


text:
East Africa cricket team

The East Africa cricket team was a multi-national cricket team representing the countries of Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania and Zambia. Their first game was against Rhodesia in 1951. East Africa appeared in the 1975 World Cup and the 1979, 1982 and 1986 ICC Trophies. In the last two of these Kenya was represented in its own right, so that East Africa was effectively a Ugandan, Tanzanian and Zambian team.

East Africa was an associate member of the ICC from 1966 to 1989, after which its place was taken by East and Central Africa.

History
Cricket in the area began following British colonisation in the late nineteenth century. Most games were played on an 'officials vs settlers' basis initially, with no inter-territorial games being played. After the influx of Indian labourers into Africa to build the region's railway network the popularity of cricket expanded and by the end of World War II was one of the most played sports in the area. Consequently, the East Africa Cricket Conference was founded in 1951 as the governing body for cricket in the region. It administered the inter-colonial matches between its initial three member countries of Kenya, Uganda, Tanganyika. Later that year a combined team of the East African countries hosted a tour by the Rhodesian cricket team.

East Africa's next recorded match was in 1956 against a visiting Pakistani XI. Under the captaincy of Denis Dawson (brother of South African test player Ossie Dawson) the East Africans were defeated in a 3-day match by 8 wickets. The next year in a match against the touring Sunder Cricket Club the East Africans were defeated by 9 wickets. In 1958 a South African team of non-European players toured the region and played one match against East Africa in Nairobi. This time captained by Malcolm Ronaldson, a former first-class player for Eastern Province, East Africa was beaten in the three day match by the South African Non-Europeans by 7 wickets.

East Africa played several touring teams in the 1960s. In 1962 they played two games against the Commonwealth XI cricket team. In the first in Nairobi (10 to 12 February 1962) the East Africans were beaten by 20 runs. The match was best remembered by a fast paced unbeaten century by Basil D'Oliviera in the Commonwealth team's second innings. In the second match in October, also in Nairobi, the Commonwealth team beat East Africa by 118 runs. The Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) toured in 1963/4 playing three games in Uganda, one in Tanganyika and seven in Kenya. One of the games was against the East African team in Kampala where the MCC won by an innings and 71 runs. In August 1967 India toured and played one 3-day first-class match. India won by 8 wickets. An International XI of English first-class players visited in 1968 and played a 3-day match against East Africa in Nairobi. The match was drawn.

East Africa toured England in June and July 1972, playing 18 matches against domestic teams, including a six-wicket victory against North Wales. None of the matches had first-class status. The MCC toured East Africa again in 1973/74. In December 1973 they played two matches in Zambia followed by two more in Tanzania then four in Kenya. Their one match against the full East African team, which had first-class status, resulted in a 237-run victory for the MCC.

East Africa were invited to participate in the inaugural Cricket World Cup in 1975. Before the tournament began the teams participation was in doubt after Tanzania threatened to withhold players from touring England in protest of the British & Irish Lions rugby team touring Apartheid South Africa in 1974. The inclusion of East Africa was seen as an important feature of the world cup due to a team from Africa being seen as necessary to signify the tournament as truly worldwide. The two strongest cricketing nations in Africa, South Africa and Rhodesia, selected players based on race and were excluded as part of a sporting boycott resulting in East Africa representing the continent. There were three notable omissions from the East African squad when it was announced, Basher Hassan, Dudley Owen-Thomas and John Solanky. All three were first-class cricketers playing county cricket in England but were born in East Africa (Solanky's first-class debut was for East Africa against the MCC in 1963/64 before emigrating to the UK). The selectors made a point of picking a squad that was currently living and playing in East Africa. The team played several warm up games against Somerset, Wales and Glamorgan. Their only victory was a three wicket win over Glamorgan on 5 June 1975, two days before their first match of the world cup. The team struggled and lost all three of their matches against New Zealand, India and England.

In 1978 the Minor Counties Cricket Association toured Kenya with seven matches there, two of which were against East Africa. The first was a 60 over match where the Minor Counties won by 8 wickets. A scheduled 3-day match was abandoned without any play.

Kenya broke away from the East Africa team in 1981 to join the ICC as an associate member in their own right. In 1989, East Africa was reconfigured as East and Central Africa (representing Uganda, Tanzania, Zambia, and Malawi).

World Cup

 * 1975: First round
 * 1979 to 1987: Did not qualify
 * 1992 onwards: See East and Central Africa cricket team

ICC Trophy

 * 1979: First round
 * 1982: First round
 * 1986: First round
 * 1990 onwards: See East and Central Africa cricket team

One Day Internationals

 * Highest team total: 128/8 (60.0) vs. undefined, 7 June 1975
 * Highest individual score: 45 (123), Frasat Ali vs. undefined, 7 June 1975
 * Best innings bowling: 3/63 (12.0), Zulfiqar Ali vs. 🏴 england, 14 June 1975

title: East Africa cricket team


text:
Mayfair, Philadelphia

Mayfair is a working class neighborhood in lower Northeast Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, centered on the intersection of Cottman and Frankford Avenues. It is bordered by Tacony and Wissinoming to the south and east, Holmesburg to the east, Pennypack Park to the north, and Oxford Circle and Rhawnhurst to the west. Mayfair is historically home to a large Irish American population, but more recently has seen accelerated growth of Asian American, Hispanic, Russian and mid eastern population

The street borders are the north side of Harbison Avenue to the south. The eastern border is the west side of Frankford Avenue. The east side of Roosevelt Boulevard is the border to the west. It also borders the west side of Frankford Avenue, from Harbison Avenue up to Cottman Avenue but both sides of Frankford Avenue from Cottman Avenue to Sheffield Avenue. It borders on the west side of Rhawn street at the intersection of Frankford and Rhawn. Mayfair borders the Holmesburg neighborhood to the north and east, but the borders between that neighborhood are not clearly defined and often disputed, as are the borders with other surrounding neighborhoods.

History
Before development in the 1920s, Mayfair was essentially farmland and home to The Edwin Forrest Home for Children (near present-day Frankford and Shelmire Avenue) and The Oxford and Lower Dublin Poor House (west of present-day Rowland and Sheffield Aves). First established in 1929, Mayfair came to fruition in the years following World War II as a community that provided fresher and more spacious living in an urban environment. It was constructed over farmland surrounded by the established neighborhoods of Tacony, Holmesburg and Fox Chase. Mayfair featured several groundbreaking concepts for city dwellers: bigger rowhouses with yards in the front and parking garages in the back. The automobile became the primary mode of transportation and shopping retail centers became available close to home, as shopping districts developed along Roosevelt Boulevard, Frankford Avenue and Cottman Avenue. Development also served to connect the surrounding neighborhoods of the Northeast that had previously been isolated. Development in Mayfair was a forerunner to American suburbanization, an early part of the population shift from the inner city to its outer regions.

Education
Residents are zoned to the School District of Philadelphia.

The Ethan Allen School and Edwin Forrest School are listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Mayfair Elementary School is also in Mayfair.

Ethan Allen and Mayfair elementary are K-8 schools, while Edwin Forrest-zoned students go onto Austin Meehan Middle. Students zoned to Austin Meehan, Ethan Allen, and Mayfair are also zoned to Abraham Lincoln High School.

Lincoln High was originally scheduled to be named Mayfair High School, but opposition from other neighborhoods meant that the school was instead named after Abraham Lincoln. Mayfair residents had a negative reception to this change. In 1949 the school's cornerstone was laid. Mayfair Elementary School also opened in 1949.

Population
As of the 2010 census, the tracts covering most of Mayfair had a population of 38,202 people, 56% White, 19% African American, 16% Hispanic, 8% Asian, 2% Two or more races, and 2% Other and mostly in owner-occupied rowhouses.

Mayfair is widely known for its association with Irish-American culture. During the 2000 census, 14,682 people noted Irish ancestry, including 11,100 who claimed it as their primary ancestry. Other claimed ancestries of note were German (7,069), Italian (6,067), Polish (3,512), and English (2,442). Like most of the city's Northeast, since 2000, the area has seen an increase in immigrants from Russia as well as an increase in non-European immigrants and non-European Americans, with the integration of immigrants from various Asian countries, Arabs, Blacks and Hispanic Americans in the communities. Mayfair uses the ZIP codes 19136, 19149 and 19152.

title: Mayfair, Philadelphia


text: User:Jarlaxle阿尔忒弥斯

title: User:Jarlaxle阿尔忒弥斯


text: Talk:Interstate 220 (Louisiana)

title: Talk:Interstate 220 (Louisiana)


text:
User talk:Claud regnard

JFW | T@lk  23:38, 24 August 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Claud regnard


text:
Talk:Mayfair, Philadelphia

Incorporated?
Some of the information in this article may be incorporated into Philadelphia and Northeast Philadelphia in the future, so keep a look out. Feel free to edit any of the details as you see fit. --Pastricide 23:38, 24 August 2005 (UTC)

Diner
Yes, there is a diner in Mayfair. There are diners all over the city. What reliable sources can be cited for the inclusion of this one in particular (see Image)? - Sum mer PhD  (talk) 01:26, 28 November 2011 (UTC)

Other sources
I don't know if this has long-term notability or not... WhisperToMe (talk) 22:29, 11 January 2014 (UTC)
 * Vella, Vinny. "'Swiss Cheese Pervert' terrorizes Mayfair." Philadelphia Daily News. Friday, January 10, 2014.
 * Not sure that we have anything to add here unless/until the situation receives far more coverage than it has. Additionally, the coverage seems to say it isn't limited to Mayfair (I would assume the more specific your turn on (and if he's limiting himself to Swiss cheese, that's pretty specific...), the larger the lake you'll need to troll in.)
 * Maybe add a line to Emmentophilia? - Sum mer PhD  (talk) 01:03, 12 January 2014 (UTC)
 * They have a "suspect" in custody. He was shopping around in several Philly neighborhoods and part of Montco. Doesn't seem to be particularly tied to Mayfair (or of lasting import). Nothing to add here or at Velveetaphilia. - Sum mer PhD  (talk) 19:30, 20 June 2014 (UTC)

Editing to "promote (yes, promote) their community"
[//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mayfair,_Philadelphia&diff=613100289&oldid=613094576 This edit] is local boosterism intended to promote the neighborhood.[//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:SummerPhD&diff=613096916&oldid=613096906] It does not belong on Wikipedia. - Sum mer PhD  (talk) 11:56, 16 June 2014 (UTC)

title: Talk:Mayfair, Philadelphia


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User:SoundGod3/Draft of Instrument Panel

The Instrument Panel, in aviation terminology, is a collection of flight instruments that give the pilot of an aircraft information on speed, attitude, altitude, engine performance, and navigation in order to safely operate the vehicle. Instruments are mounted on a forward-looking dashboard in the cockpit of the aircraft, similar to that of a car. The instruments in the panel can vary widely between aircraft types, often depending on age and intended purpose. For instance, older aircraft such as a 1912 Curtiss Jenny may have rudimentary flight instrumentation: a magnetic compass, engine RPM indicator, airspeed indicator, and fuel indicator. A semi-modern training aircraft such as a 1975 Cessna 172M will have more instruments availaible for the instrument-rated pilot, such as a Turn Coordinator, HSI, VOR Display/Heading Indicator, Attitude indicator, and so on. High-performance modern aircraft such as a Boeing 737 will have these instruments and more specialized ones implemented in a glass cockpit display.

As can be seen, the number and complexity of the instruments vary by the intended design of the aircraft. The higher the performance of the vehicle, the more weather conditions will be encountered over the lifetime of the vehicle, and the more instruments need to be referenced to safely operate it. This article will cover the instrumentation found in IFR certified airplanes, which can be found to some degree of implementation in every aircraft flying today.

Uses of the Instrument Panel
The instrument panel functionality is largely dependent upon the meteorological conditions the aircraft is operating under.
 * Under Visual Meterological Conditions (VMC), the pilot has the outside world to reference attitude, speed, and altitude, as well as access to visual navigation references. (see Visual Flight and VFR for details.) The instrument panel is used in this situation primarily to monitor the engine performance, and as a backup or aid to controlling and navigating the aircraft. The Curtiss Jenny is a good example of a VFR-only aircraft, as the instruments included (see above) cannot give information on speed, attitude, or altitude; all of these must be found through exterior references.
 * Under Instrument Meterological Condtions (IMC), the ability to use exterior references to maintain control and navigate the aircraft may be severely hampered. In these situations, without spatial references, the instrument panel is the primary source of information for controlling and navigating the aircraft. Any aircraft flying through cloud layers, inclement weather, poor visibility (such as fog), or in Class A Airspace must operate under these conditions. (see Instrument Flight, IFR, and SVFR for details.)

Primary Flight Instruments
The primary flight instruments on the panel are used to maintain positive control over the aircraft. By positive it is meant that the airplane will respond in the manner intended to the pilot's actions. These six instruments, sometimes known as the Big Six, are the most critical to safe operation under IMC.

Attitude Indicator (AI)
Main Article: Attitude Indicator

The Attitude Indicator replaces the visual horizon with an artificial one, so that the pilot can control the airplane's pitch and bank effectively without seeing outside. Since these attributes are crucial to maintaining the altitude, speed, and heading of the aircraft, this is a very important instrument. The AI uses a gyroscope, which, under the principle of rigidity in space, resists external forces applied to it. The aircraft changes attitude around the instrument, giving indication of the relative position of the aircraft to that of the gyro, which when turned on lies in the same reference plane as the earth's horizon.

Heading Indicator (HI)
Main Article: Heading Indicator

The Heading Indicator determines the heading of the aircraft with respect to magnetic north (0°). The HI uses it's internal gyroscope to affix an attitude in space, the reference to magnetic north is set before flight on the face of the indicator, and the aircraft yaws around the gyroscope. The deviation in yaw attitude from initial rest is then indicated as the heading difference from magnetic north.

Turn Coordinator (TC)
Main Article: Turn Coordinator

The Turn Coordinator, or Turn and Bank Indicator, is an instrument that provides information on the "quality" of a turn. Aside from providing bank information (and the 3°standard rate turn guides), the turn coordinator also includes an Inclinometer, or Slip-Skid indicator, which gives information on how coordinated the turn is (how much rudder must be applied to cause the aircraft lift vector to be perpendicular to the cockpit floor.) Coordinated flight prevents certain stalls and spins, and prevents passengers from feeling lateral forces during turns.

The turn coordinator, like the two previous instruments, uses a gyroscope to determine the bank attitude of the aircraft. However, for safety reasons to be explained shortly, the gyroscope is powered by the aircraft electrical system instead of the vacuum system.

Gyro Considerations
The Gyro Instruments develop a condition known as gyroscopic precession, which causes external forces applied to it (friction from the gyro frame) to be "felt" at right angles to the force application. Errors, which must be accounted for in pilotage, develop from this phenomenon. The gyro instruments, with the aforementioned exception of the turn coordinator, are powered by the aircraft engine vacuum system, which blows compressed air through vanes in the gyro rotors to make them spin at high speed.

Altimeter (ALT)
Main Article: Altimeter

The Altimeter displays the altitude (height) of the aircraft in Feet MSL. This is an important distinction, because there is a difference between ft. Mean Sea Level (MSL)(or True Altitude and ft. Above Ground Level (AGL), or Absolute Altitude . AGL measures the aircraft height above the ground, which may vary depending on the underlying terrain (i.e, an aircraft overflying Boston at 6000 ft. AGL would only be 720 ft. AGL over Denver in level flight.) MSL depicts the aircraft height above sea level, corrected for local atmospheric pressure, which ideally remains constant despite the terrain.

The altimeter, as found in modern aircraft, is essentially a precision aneroid barometer. It contains a stack of disk-shaped pressure vessels called aneroid cells, pressurized to sea level atmospheric pressure at STP. As the aircraft ascends, outside air sent through a static port decreases in pressure at a predictable rate- about $$1.093 \times 10^{-3}$$ in. Hg per foot altitude (near sea level), and vice versa for descents in altitude. As the aneroid cells expand and contract, a mechanical linkage transferrs the motions to a readable diaplay. The display is similar to that of a clock; it has three hands that revolve clockwise as altitude is gained. The longest hand corresponds to 10 ft. changes, the short hand to 1000 ft. changes, and a third hand or altitude bug to 10,000 ft. changes.

There are two major considerations that pilots must take into account when using an analog altimeter. The first is that the atmospheric pressure fluctuates across the surface of the planet as time goes on. The pressure sealed in the aneroid cells correspond to the standard pressure at sea level, or 29.92 in Hg (10132 mb). As weather patterns move through a local area, the outside pressure will increase or decrease, and thus the local reference pressure will not be equal to that of the disks. This can cause inaccurate readings that may display the aircraft as being thousands of feet in altitude above or below it's true altitude. To correct this, ATC and local Aerial weather stations broadcast the current local atmospheric pressure adjusted to sea level. This information is then set in the Kollsman Window of the altimeter to correct for the discrepancy.

The second consideration is the effect of Outside Air Temperature (OAT) on the aircraft. As temperature rises, the density of the air mass is lessened (see Ideal gas law.). An altimeter reading corrected for both pressure and temperature is called Density Altitude. This is a useful measure when calculating aircraft performance. Hot, humid days, for example, adversely affect the climb rate and takeoff speed V2 of an airplane. If one were to factor in a high airport elevation, the lift that is achieved at V2 by the aircraft wings may not be sufficient to safely depart the runway. Density altitude is thus an important figure for determining go/no go situations for pilots.

Airspeed Indicator (AS)
Main Article: Airspeed indicator

The Airspeed Indicator measures the forward velocity of the aircraft with respect to the air mass it is traveling in. The speed that is called Indicated Airspeed, or IAS. This differs by the speed of the air mass from Ground Speed (GS), and by temperature and pressure variances from True Airspeed (TAS). These are similar to the discrepancies found in the altimeter.

The airspeed indicator measures the dynamic pressure difference between ram air, or air input from the pitot tube by the motion of the aircraft, and static air pressure from the interior of the aircraft static port. On all altimeters made after 1976, the ouptut is measured in nautical miles/hour, or knots(kts). Older altimeters may use kts, statute mph or respective country equivalents.

The IAS is an important figure in aviation. A given wing, for example, stalls at the same IAS and angle of attack (AOA) despite outside conditions. Also, velocities such as V1, V2, and Vref, respective of weight for a given airplane, are given as IAS. TAS is also important, especially if there are timing constraints on a given flight plan, to calculate how much time it would take to travel from one point to another.


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Franciszka Arnsztajnowa

Franciszka Arnsztajnowa (in full: Franciszka Hanna Arnsztajnowa; 19 February 1865 – August 1942) was a Polish poet, playwright, and translator of Jewish descent. Much of her creative oeuvre falls within the Young Poland period, stylistically encompassing the twilight of neo-romanticism. She is called "the legend of Lublin".

Family
Franciszka Arnsztajnowa was the daughter of the Lublin-based novelist Malwina Meyerson (real name, Małka Meyerson, née Horowicz (Horowitz); 1839–1921), a Lublin native, and Bernard (Berek, or Ber) Meyerson (b. 1837), a native of Tykocin, an international trader and a major Lublin financier. Her brother was the French philosopher, Émile Meyerson, based in Paris. She attended high school for girls in Lublin, and went to Germany for higher studies in biology, travelling extensively in Europe. On 7 January 1885 she married Marek Arnsztein (alternative spellings: Arnsztejn, Arnsztajn, Arnstein; 1855–1930), a physician educated in Warsaw, Vienna, Berlin, and Paris, and a political and social activist, a native of Kazimierz Dolny based in Lublin from 1884. They had a daughter, Stefanja Arnsztajnówna (c.1890–1942; married name Mieczysławska), and a son, Jan Arnsztajn (1897–1934), much beloved of Arnsztajnowa and whose death from tuberculosis left her devastated.

Life and work
As a poet Arnsztajnowa debuted at the age of 23 with the poem "Na okręcie" (On Board a Ship) published in the newspaper Kuryer Codzienny of 1 October 1888. She issued her first collection of poetry in book form in 1895 under the title Poezye, a volume which she dedicated to her mother, the novelist Malwina Meyerson. The book is divided into six distinct sections under such headings as "Sonety" (Sonnets), "Melodye" (Melodies), "Historye" (Histories), and "Z gór Tyrolu" (From the Mountains of Tyrol). The opening poem, untitled but beginning with the words "O nie płacz..." (Weep thou not...; p. 7), sets the tone for the entire collection as she tries, with uncommon tenderness and filial piety, to soothe her mother's pain at having her own songs dispersed by the winds of time to the farthermost recesses of the soul: the implication is that the poems in this collection will become her mother's own, which the daughter will now sing for her, the lute in hand, sitting at her feet. (In the very last poem of the collection the poet again addresses her mother directly, "O mother, why give me a heart so | Tender...") The chief characteristic of the collection, thematically speaking, was however the preoccupation and love she evinced for the people living close to the land, their ordinary lives and folkloric customs. At the same time she delicately touched upon the social questions of the day employing language in the balladic-melancholic key. The volume will instantly establish Arnsztajnowa as a major voice in Polish poetry among those exploring the nation's folk themes.

Her next collection appeared in 1899 under the title Poezye: serya druga ("Verses: Second Series"; 2nd ed., 1911). The latter volume contains the poem "Z nocy bezsennych" (Out of the Sleepless Nights) dedicated to her husband, Marek Arnsztein, as well as the memorable "Wspomnienie Meranu" (A Remembrance of Merano) that evokes her travels in the Trentino-Alto Adige region of Italy, and which begins: Meran… pamiętam… nieraz dziś w zimy rozgwarze, Mroźnem tchnieniem owiana, nagle zamknę oczy, I o błogosławionej dolinie zamarzę. __________________________________

Meran… I recall… as nowadays oft by winter's clamorous decree Frosty gusts me shroud, I soon close my eyes asudden And slip down the blessed valley into reverie.

Wacław Gralewski (1900–1972), a poet and prominent Lublin littérateur, cites a report (which he qualifies as uncorroborated) that Arnsztajnowa was supposed to undergo a (successful) therapy for tuberculosis at Merano, an option open only to the very rich.

The First World War
During the First World War Arnsztajnowa (nom de guerre Ara) participated in armed struggle for the independence of Poland as a member of the secret Polish Military Organisation in Lublin (her town house in the Old Town of Lublin served as a secret archive of the POW and a hub for other organizations, such as the Union of Armed Struggle and the clandestine Polish boy scout movement; the expansive basement served as an arsenal). Some of the patriotic feelings and motivations that actuated her participation in the freedom struggle will later find an echo in her collection of poetry entitled Archanioł jutra ("The Archangel of the Morrow"), comprising verses written during the war, which she will publish in 1924 dedicating it to the alumni of the Lublin schools who had fallen in that struggle. With two compositions included in the volume Arnsztajnowa paid tribute to the luminaries of Polish literature, Marja Konopnicka and Bolesław Prus, both recently deceased then. However, it is to Stefan Żeromski (after his death in 1925) that Arnsztajnowa will in the latter part of her life acknowledge her indebtedness for the general character of her oeuvre and the direction she followed in creating it.

Archanioł jutra contains verses of great strength and incisiveness, unparalleled in her prior work, the composition "O Dniu Jutrzejszy" (O, Thou Day of the Morrow!), written in 1914, belonging to the most beautiful among them in the opinion of the historian of literature, Feliks Araszkiewicz. The poem speaks of the brethren's (comrades-in-arms') blood shed in the struggle, whose rising vapours conceal the mystery of tomorrow (the day is personified in the poem, addressed as "you", and conceived of as a day of reckoning, indeed, as a metonymy for retributive justice itself): the mystery of tomorrow will be revealed once we tear down your deadly veil to look you directly in the face, without the sort of fear that makes the victim bow his head before the executioner: for tomorrow we know full well will be the day of payback for today. (The poem, heavily dependent on stylized linguistics and medieval vocabulary (e.g., gzło, line 3, a medieval term for a kind of female garment, here used figuratively in the sense of "veil"), does not lend itself easily to verse translation but is reproduced in the original to the left.) Thus the archangel of the title of the entire collection, Archanioł jutra (“The Archangel of the Morrow”), can easily be construed as the avenging angel.

Another composition belonging to this period is the poem entitled "Powrót" (The Return) published in a literary journal in April 1916. Comprising five ottava rima stanzas, the 40-line poem brought her the Silver Laurel of the Polish Academy of Literature, a (now historical) body awarding the most prestigious literary honours of the land at the time.

The interwar period
During the Interbellum Arnsztajnowa collaborated with the newspapers and literary magazines Dziennik Lubelski, Kamena, and Kurjer Lubelski; she was the editor-in-chief of the literary supplement Dodatek Literacki to the newspaper Ziemia Lubelska. At the same time she was the moving spirit of the literary life of the city of Lublin, a fact recognized by outside observers, co-founding in 1932, together with the poet Józef Czechowicz, the Lublin section of the writers' union, the Związek Literatów (see Polish Writers' Union), of which she served as the president. To this period, in addition to the aforementioned collection Archanioł jutra (1924), belong also her volumes of poetry entitled Odloty ("Flying Away"; 1932), a compilation of verses published in literary journals between 1902 and 1926, and the collection produced jointly with Józef Czechowicz, Stare kamienie ("Old Stones"; 1934) which was at once a tribute to her beloved Lublin, a city in which she continued to reside until 1934, epitomized in the poem "Tobie śpiewam, Lublinie" (To You do I Sing, O Lublin!), and a form of a literary farewell. Contemporary critics observed that the unspecified nature of the collaboration between the two famous poets gave the publication an anonymous tinge, and although subsequent scholarship clearly differentiated between the pieces written by Arnsztajnowa and those written by Czechowicz mistakes of attribution did occur in succeeding years and decades.

Odloty represents a continuation of the modernist esthetics that dominated the first phase of Arnsztajnowa's literary life, as evidenced in the imagery employed and in the method of shaping of the lyrical persona, as well as in the return of the fairy-tale motifs favoured by the Young Poland poets, such as lakes, mirrors, and shadows. Although on occasion she adopts a new cadence closer to the spirit of the Skamander circle then gaining an ascendancy over Polish poetics, such diversions are rare. The title poem, "Odloty" (Flying Away), first printed in a literary magazine in 1905, is a mystical allegory on the inevitability of the departure, of parting despite the ties thereby shattered.

Arnsztajnowa was co-founder of the historically important Kraków periodical Życie famously associated with the artistic avant-garde and with the person of Stanisław Przybyszewski, for which she wrote a programmatic poem, and had close ties to the literary magazine Kamena (see Kamena), founded and edited by K. A. Jaworski: the journal began publication in 1933 with a poem by Arnsztajnowa, "Na Olejnej" (In Olejna Street), on the first page of the first issue.

Right-wing critics (such as Juljan Babiński, 1900–1943) accused Arnsztajnowa of left-wing bias against the szlachta, in favour of the common people.

Prose
Arnsztajnowa's innumerable writings in prose, strewn across innumerable journals and magazines, frequently published under pseudonyms that even Arnsztajnowa could not keep track of during her lifetime, present an impossible task for a compiler wishing to present a reasonably comprehensive picture of her bibliography — as observed by the historian of literature and her contemporary, Feliks Araszkiewicz (1895–1966). Among the pen-names she is known to have used are J. Górecka, and Stefan Orlik.

Dramatic works
Arnsztajnowa's dramatic works remain largely confined to manuscript, including her award-winning play Na wyżynach (Krystyna) ("On the Heights: Christina") which was staged to great acclaim in Lvov in 1899. Her other plays which were seen on the stages of Kraków and Łódź, in addition to those of Lublin and Lvov, but which remain unpublished, are (with dates of theatre production) Na kuracji ("A Stay at a Spa"; 1894), Perkun ("Perkūnas"; 1896), and W stojącej wodzie ("In the Stagnant Water"; 1901). Only two one-act plays have been published (in literary journals), Widmo: Ballada w I akcie ("The Spectre: A Ballad in One Act"; published in Ateneum in 1905, a dialogue between two characters identified only as male and female), and Luxoniolo (published in the Kurjer Lubelski in 1911). The play Córka ("The Daughter") has never been staged or published.

Translatorial work and other avocations
Arnsztajnowa participated in the women's suffrage movement, supporting with readings from her poems the meetings and events of organizations involved in the movement, including the Związek Równouprawnienia Kobiet Polskich (Union for the Equal Rights of Polish Women) founded in 1907 by Paulina Kuczalska-Reinschmit (1859–1921). In 1912 Arnsztajnowa participated in a feminist exhibition mounted by Polish women writers in Prague.

Apart from her own extensive poetic oeuvre, Arnsztajnowa produced several translations from English literature. Her translation of Douglas Jerrold's famous Mrs Caudle's Curtain Lectures, published in 1923 as Nauki małżeńskie pani Caudle, was issued with the name of the translator concealed under a pseudonym (Stefan Orlik) as she did not wish to lend the prestige that her name enjoyed in the domain of poetry to what she considered to be her avocation. Her translations of H. G. Wells's The Sea Lady: A Tissue of Moonshine (published as Syrena: księżycowa opowieść in 1927), and of W. Somerset Maugham's novel The Painted Veil (published as Malowana zasłona in 1935, 2 vols.), were issued with the name of the translator fully identified. She also collaborated with Helena Niemirowska in the translation of Rudyard Kipling's Puck of Pook's Hill (published as Puk in 1924) for which she provided verse translations. Despite their being overshadowed by the larger translations of whole novels, Professor Araszkiewicz considered Arnsztajnowa's translations of those relatively small poetic fragments — and not the large bodies of prose translation — to be among her most notable achievements in the field. Her versions of Kipling's "Cities and Thrones and Powers" and "Harp Song of the Dane Women" (poems from Puck of Pook's Hill) were published separately in literary magazines. Similarly, her 1932 translation of a 12-verse excerpt from the French of Les Stances by Jean Moréas (Book 3; XII), beginning O toi qui sur mes jours de tristesse et d'épreuve Seule reluis encor... reads better than the original: O, ty, co dni mych smutkom i zmaganiom blaskiem przyświecasz wytrwałym...

Always respectful of and ready to honour others for their achievement in their field, in 1899 Arnsztajnowa contributed to the liber amicorum for Aleksander Świętochowski on the occasion of the 25th anniversary of his editorial work, a sumptuously produced volume that opens with her poem "Grajek" (The Fiddler; from the Poezye of 1895). Some of her tributes in verse, even when marked by a high level of artistic accomplishment, were entirely private, meant solely for the honouree. Her poem composed in tribute to the Polish geographer, Wacław Nałkowski (1851–1911), the father of the writer Zofja Nałkowska, on the occasion of the 25th anniversary of his scholarly work in January 1903, did not come to light until 55 years later, for example. Her patriotic feelings found expression in the contribution she made to the collective volume published by the Teachers' Union to commemorate the school strikes in Partitioned Poland mounted in protest against marginalization of Polish culture by the occupying powers; while in 1935 Arnsztajnowa served on the editorial board of a commemorative volume for the Polish Military Organisation, to which she contributed the keynote poem (on the theme of the Unknown Soldier) serving as a motto for the publication.

Arnsztajnowa's patriotic fervour carried her so far as to contribute three technically accomplished, genuinely high-calibre poems — "Jego Imię" (His Name), "O, Wodzu!" (O Leader!), and "Wodzowi-twórcy" (To the Leader-Creator) — to the collection of panegyrics in honour of Józef Piłsudski published in 1924, two years before his coup d'état of May 1926. Among the 33 contributors to the collection (some of them not established poets), only the names of Józef Czechowicz, Jan Lechoń and Kazimierz Tetmajer stand in the same rank with Arnsztajnowa's. After the coup d'état of May 1926, during a visit to Lublin in June 1931 of Piłsudski's figurehead president, Ignacy Mościcki, she wrote in poetic prose a fulsome welcome for him in a local newspaper ("whole streets are running out to Him with open arms while ancient city walls silvered by age reverberate with the Good News: hail Thou the visible manifestation of the Independence!", etc.).

Antisemitic attacks on Arnsztajnowa
In 1910 and 1911 Arnsztajnowa was the object of a book boycott motivated by antisemitic sentiment and spearheaded by the Endecja circles.

In the summer of 1937 Arnsztajnowa, then a 72-year-old grande dame of Polish literature (a recipient of the Silver Laurel of the Polish Academy of Literature and a decorated veteran of the Polish war of independence), was the victim of antisemitic attacks from the Endecja literary circles connected with the literary magazine Prosto z mostu of Warsaw, a publication billing itself in the masthead as an artistic-literary weekly, edited and published by Stanisław Piasecki (1900–1941). In its edition of 25 July 1937 the magazine in question carried a quasi-anonymous racist and in parts scurrilously versified polemic signed only "(st. p.)" (which would have been universally understood by readers to refer to Piasecki) in which Arnsztajnowa was called, sarcastically, the "erector of the edifice of the Polish language" (sc., one of the primary forces shaping the mother tongue) without being Polish. Although other Polish writers of Jewish descent were held up to ridicule by name as well, Arnsztajnowa was selected for special treatment. "Consider this efflorescence of Polish speech from under the aegis of Arnsztajnowa", jeered the writer of the article, presenting his readers with a sentence taken out of context from one of Arnsztajnowa's articles (on the complex subject of the phenomenology of contemporary French culture), which was supposed to offend against linguistic norm (it had, in fact, a typographical error involving the omission of a single letter). The attack on Arnsztajnowa continued under the guise of an attack on Ludwik Fryde (1912–1942), despite his young age already a distinguished literary critic of Jewish descent, whose surname was altered to "frydek" so that it might rhyme with żydek ("the little jew", the lower-case initials employed for their added insulting value) while the author went on: "so it is among us that every common-or-garden pederast, if he has talent, he bandies it about", etc. The incident generated a groundswell of support for her from the Polish reading public, including an open letter signed by many writers and poets, some of whom also published individual expressions of support — as did, for example, Józef Łobodowski, calling the attack "outrageous and revolting".

After Łobodowski's protest published in the most prestigious literary journal of the interbellum epoch, the Wiadomości Literackie, Piasecki remained unrepentant, and a fresh antisemitic attack on Arnsztajnowa was printed with additional vitriol in the Prosto z mostu edition of 8 August 1937. The antisemitic and homophobic attack on Arnsztajnowa and others was originally authored by Jerzy Pietrkiewicz and published in the ultra-nationalist and antisemitic periodical Myśl Narodowa ("National Thought"), but Prosto z mostu went beyond the text of the original racist pasquinade in its attempt to disseminate, defend and justify it. For its part Myśl Narodowa will continue its attack on Arnsztajnowa on other fronts, bemoaning (in its issue of 29 August 1937) "the pernicious Jewish dispensation (gospodarka żydów) in the field of literature" for which the evidence was to be the supposed falsification by Niemirowska and Arnsztajnowa of Kipling (through their alleged toning down or expurgation of antisemitic passages in the works of this author).

Death
Published sources differ on the circumstances of her death, but there is a consensus that she did not die in Lublin, all the sources citing the Warsaw Ghetto — a place where she had gone proudly and of her own accord, "to be with everybody" — as either the place of her death or the place of her deportation immediately before her death. In some accounts she would have died in the Warsaw Ghetto of an infectious disease (typhus); according to other accounts she would have been violently murdered there by the Nazis, or have taken poison out of despair after seeing her daughter, Stefanja (who in all accounts accompanied her in the Warsaw Ghetto), shot dead by the Nazis. In some sources she would have been murdered after having been deported from the Warsaw Ghetto to the Treblinka extermination camp (the most common narrative, but not invested with greater evidentiary credibility than the other versions). Most authorities agree that she died in 1942, at the age of 77, however one otherwise well informed writer cites 1943 as the year of her death. In what is perhaps the most reliable eyewitness report, that of the poet Hanna Mortkowicz-Olczakowa (1905–1968), at the moment of her death — during the mass murder of patients at a hospital near All Saints' Church in Warsaw where she lay ill — Arnsztajnowa had two books with her, Dante's Divine Comedy and her own collection of poetry published in 1932, Odloty ("Flying Away"), on the poetics of departure. Hanna Mortkowicz-Olczakowa (see Hanna Mortkowicz-Olczakowa), "Na pięterku" (Up the Little Flight of Stairs), Kamena (Lublin), vol. 27, No. 18 (208), 30 September 1960, p. 4. (Mortkowicz-Olczakowa does not cite the date of Arnsztajnowa's death; she does state that Arnsztajnowa's daughter, Stefanja Mieczysławska, unlike her mother, died in the Warsaw Ghetto of disease.) Cf. Wacław Gralewski, Ogniste koła, Lublin, Wydawnictwo Lubelskie, 1963, p. 37. Anna Kamieńska, "Poetka Lublina: legenda, dwugłos pokoleń", Twórczość (Warsaw), No. 10, 1969, pp. 111–112. Note: the Church of All Saints in the plac Grzybowski (Grzybowski Square) in Warsaw was one of the two Catholic churches within the Warsaw Ghetto limits (see "Historical Sites of Jewish Warsaw" online). Cf. Barbara Engelking & Jacek Leociak, The Warsaw Ghetto: A Guide to the Perished City, tr. E. Harris, New Haven (Connecticut), Yale University Press, 2009, p. 278. ISBN 9780300112344, ISBN 0300112343. (This source identifies only one instance of patients' being killed within a Warsaw Ghetto hospital: the incident happened during the January Action of 18–21 January 1943, at the makeshift medical facility organized in a converted tenement house in the Gęsia Street № 6–8: see pp. 276–278.) Cf. Adam Czerniaków, "Dziennik getta warszawskiego (6 IX 1939–23 VII 1942)" (A Journal of the Warsaw Ghetto, 6 September 1939–23 July 1942), Biuletyn Żydowskiego Instytutu Historycznego (Warsaw), Nos. 3–4 (83–84), July–December 1972, p. 292 (Czerniaków seems to confirm that Arnsztajnowa died in the Ghetto along with another poetess, Henryka Łazowertówna, 1909–1942; and the novelist Gustawa Jarecka, 1908–1943). Cf. Aleksander B. Skotnicki, et al., Jewish Society in Poland: Customs and Participation in the Fight for Independence: Many Faces of Cracovian Jewry, tr. J. Niedbal & K. Baran, Kraków, Wydawnictwo, 2009, p. 109. ISBN 9788361060765, ISBN 8361060766. ("She was killed in the ghetto [sc. Warsaw Ghetto], in 1942 at the age of 77.": see page 109.)

Arnsztajnowa's first book, Poezye (1895), published when she was 30, contains this reference to Dante Alighieri: I ja byłem w piekle… we śnie, czy na jawie Niewiem… lecz, zaprawdę, Danta piekieł kręgi Mąk takich nie mieszczą, nie szarpią tak krwawie… ___________________________

To hell I've also been… in dream or waking hours Can't say… but, forsooth, Dante's infernal circles Contain not such torment as bloodily overpowers…

Postscript
Franciszka Arnsztajnowa was decorated by the government of the Second Polish Republic with the Cross of Valour (Krzyż Walecznych), the Cross of Independence (Krzyż Niepodległości), as well as the Knight's Cross (Krzyż Kawalerski) of the Order of Polonia Restituta, one of the country's highest honours. She was the recipient of the Silver Laurel of the Polish Academy of Literature in 1936. She has a street named after herself in Lublin, the ulica Franciszki Arnsztajnowej.

Poetry

 * Poezye (1895)
 * Poezye: serya druga (1899)
 * Archanioł jutra (1924)
 * Odloty (1932)
 * Stare kamienie (1934)

Drama

 * Widmo: Ballada w I akcie (1905)
 * Luxoniolo (1911)

title: Franciszka Arnsztajnowa


text:
Talk:Ronnie Van Zant

Free bird as Tribute
The song was not written as a tribute to Duane Allman, only later did Van Zant begin the song by mentioning his deceased friend.

The article makes it seem as if the song was written with him in mind, which is not the case.

++++++++++++++++ No, it clearly says Ronnie would often tribute the song to him.

Free Bird was first written and played in early 1970. Duane Allman died on Oct. 29, 1971. This song was not written as a tribute, but after Allman's death, it was often performed in memory of him. I've corrected the entry to reflect that. Redland19 (talk) 15:19, 29 June 2008 (UTC

Freebird was NOT written as a tribute to Duane Allman. The part of the song that was added in tribute to Duane was the Slide guitar played by Gary Rossington. If you listen to the Muscle Shoals recordings, which were recorded before Pronounced Lynyrd Skynyrd, you can clearly tell that the song Freebird lacks slide guitar.

Duane Allman's guitar style sounded like a bird, it was a high pitched ringing sound, his nickname came from BB King who told him to use very thin guitar strings to reach a certain refran - this was the same lesson BB King gave Billy Lee Gibbons which is why ZZ top songs sound the way they do - I also see no mention of the fact that the name lynyrd skynyrd was  from their High School Gym Coach. Free Bird - lessons in the chords of life- Bird Man - Free bird - Duane Allman. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Jwbird (talk • contribs) 21:45, 1 January 2017 (UTC)

old pictures of ronnie van zant
please send me old pictures of ronnie van zant the one i am looking for he is in the woods flanell shirt it is brown and white

Judy Van Zant
Why does the page for Judy Van Zant direct here, since this page doesn't mention her at all? Mrwhizzard 17:57, 25 August 2006 (UTC)

Van Zant or Van Zandt
The article has both Van Zant and Van Zandt, please clean it up. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 149.55.30.100 (talk) 01:48, 21 February 2007 (UTC).

Neil Young
Is it true Neil Young was an honorary pall bearer at Ronnie's funeral?

I never heard of such a thing until some years back, when I heard the Drive-By Truckers album Southern Rock Opera and such a scenario is talked about in the track "The Three Great Alabama Icons." RadioKAOS (talk) 05:08, 3 September 2010 (UTC)

how can we find out for sure whether he was born in 1948 or 1949 ?
both dates seem to exist all over the internet, IMDB and his main wiki page being wrong could easily be responsible for perpetuating a false birthdate. It doesn't seem right that he'd be older than Robert Plant for some reason. Stephen's black friend 02:23, 28 April 2007 (UTC)

 * The sources now seem to back up 1948, and on the "technically unverifiable" side, my mother was close friends with him and that is indeed his birthdate. Mike H. Celebrating three years of being hotter than Paris 20:18, 22 October 2007 (UTC)

I've verified his birth year (1948) against the social security death master index and added the search results as a reference. Redland19 (talk) 15:43, 29 June 2008 (UTC)

quotes
i dont think that song quotes should be included here because in his lyrics the speaker in the song may not be expressing the opinion of van zant himself; for example im sure van zant would argue that a van zant as southern man may need neil young because neil young is that good of an artist and van zant was a fan but in that particular lyric he is not expressing his own opinion just defending the south from a southern perspective, which he did share, but that lyric, especially, was probably meant mostly in jest because of this i dont think lyrics should be included in the quotes section

URGENT
THIS PAGE NEEDS A PICTURE PLEASE GET ONE ON HERE.. I DO NOT KNOW HOW TO

"Shirt off his back" quote
There's a line in the article "Many of his bandmates said of him that "he would give the shirt off his back to anyone".[citation needed] "... RE: the "citation needed" - this quote is made by one of the band members (Artimus Pyle, maybe?) in the documentary film "Freebird" produced by Cabin Fever. I won't be back home til Oct 2009, and will have to watch it again to know for sure which bandmember said it. But the quote is in the film for certain. Anybody else have a copy? Engr105th (talk) 03:13, 29 January 2009 (UTC)

Removed section
I have removed the following section. Firstly, it has no references. Secondly it reads more like a press release than an encyclopedic article, and thirdly it seems to cover far more ground about the band than Van Zant. It smells horribly of fancruft to me. Any suggestions ?

Derek R Bullamore (talk) 16:02, 29 May 2010 (UTC)

''The Bands 'first' recordings were taped in 1971 at Muscle Shoals Studios with Jimmy Johnson and his production crew 'The Swampers'- The 'album' included the first ever version of 'Freebird' and others songs which would later surface on their album 'pronounced' in 1973. (The album did get an official release on MCA in 1998 titled 'The Complete Muscle Shoals Album'). In 1972 the band was discovered by musician, songwriter, and producer Al Kooper of Blood, Sweat, and Tears, who had attended one of their shows at a club in Atlanta. They changed the spelling of their name to "Lynyrd Skynyrd", (pronounced 'lĕh-'nérd 'skin-'nérd) and Kooper signed them to MCA Records, producing their first proper album the following year. 1973's pronounced featured the anthem "Free Bird" which received national airplay and reached #19 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart.

''Lynyrd Skynyrd's fan base continued to grow rapidly throughout 1973, largely due to their opening slot on The Who's Quadrophenia tour in the United States. Their 1974 follow-up, Second Helping, was the band's breakthrough hit, and featured their most popular single, "Sweet Home Alabama" (#8 on the charts in August 1974), a tongue in cheek response to Neil Young's "Alabama" and "Southern Man." (Young and Van Zant were not rivals, but fans of each other's music and good friends; Young even wrote the song "Powderfinger" for the band, but they never recorded it). The album reached #12 in 1974, eventually going multi-platinum. In July of that year, Lynyrd Skynyrd was one of the headline acts at The Ozark Music Festival at the Missouri State Fairgrounds in Sedalia, Missouri.

''In 1974, Burns left the band and was replaced by Kentucky native Artimus Pyle on drums. Lynyrd Skynyrd's third album, Nuthin' Fancy, was released the same year, though guitarist Ed King left midway through the tour. In January 1976, backup singers Leslie Hawkins, Cassie Gaines and JoJo Billingsley (collectively known as The Honkettes) were added to the band. Lynyrd Skynyrd's fourth album Gimme Back My Bullets was released in the new year, but did not achieve the same success as the previous two albums. Van Zant and Collins both felt that the band was seriously missing the three-guitar attack that had been one of its early hallmarks. Although Skynyrd auditioned several guitarists, including such high-profile names as Leslie West, the solution was closer than they realized.

''Soon after joining Skynyrd, Cassie Gaines began touting the guitar and songwriting prowess of her younger brother, Steve. The junior Gaines, who led his own band, Crawdad (which occasionally would perform Skynyrd's "Saturday Night Special" in their set), was invited to audition onstage with Skynyrd at a concert in Kansas City on May 11, 1976. Liking what they heard, the group also jammed informally with the Oklahoma native several times, then invited him into the group in June. With Gaines on board, the newly-reconstituted band recorded the double-live album One More From the Road in Atlanta, Georgia, and toured the UK with The Rolling Stones.

''Both Collins and Rossington had serious car accidents over Labor Day weekend in 1976 which slowed the recording of the follow-up album and forced the band to cancel some concert dates. Rossington's accident inspired the ominous "That Smell" - a cautionary tale about drug abuse that was clearly aimed towards him and at least one other band member. Rossington has admitted repeatedly that he's the "Prince Charming" of the song who crashed his car into an oak tree while drunk and stoned on Quaaludes. Van Zant, at least, was making a serious attempt to clean up his act and curtail the cycle of boozed-up brawling that was part of Skynyrd's reputation.

1977's Street Survivors'' turned out to be a showcase for guitarist/vocalist Steve Gaines, who had joined the band just a year earlier and was making his studio debut with them. Publicly and privately, Ronnie Van Zant marveled at the multiple talents of Skynyrd's newest member, claiming that the band would "all be in his shadow one day." Gaines' contributions included his co-lead vocal with Van Zant on the co-written "You Got That Right" and the rousing guitar boogie "I Know A Little" which he had written before he joined Skynyrd. So confident was Skynyrd's leader of Gaines' abilities that the album (and some concerts) featured Gaines delivering his self-penned bluesy "Ain't No Good Life" -. The album also included the hit singles "What's Your Name" and "That Smell". The band was poised for their biggest tour yet, including fulfilling Van Zant's lifelong dream of headlining New York's Madison Square Garden.''

Barefoot
Something I read, but don't have a handy reference for, might be a helpful addition to the page. I read that Van Zant sang on stage barefoot, and gave his reason as being that it was his way to feel the crowd and also feel the electricity in the room. RadioKAOS (talk) 05:11, 3 September 2010 (UTC)

Quotations
I have removed several quotations, which are all unsourced. Please read Verifiability - particularly the line "All quotations and any material challenged or likely to be challenged must be attributed to a reliable published source using an inline citation". Thanks,

Derek R Bullamore (talk) 10:29, 24 April 2011 (UTC)

Jewish?
Is the van zant family descendants of jewish people? Zant is a jewish surname that means sand. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 50.103.129.149 (talk) 00:29, 27 June 2011 (UTC)

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for speedy deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for speedy deletion: You can see the reason for deletion at the file description page linked above. —Community Tech bot (talk) 01:52, 23 April 2020 (UTC)
 * Ronnie Van Zant wearing a cowboy hat, circa 1973.jpg

title: Talk:Ronnie Van Zant


text:
Tim Hitchens

Sir Timothy Mark Hitchens, (born 1962) is a British diplomat and a former Assistant Private Secretary to the Queen Elizabeth II, in the Royal Household of the Sovereign of the United Kingdom, 1999–2002.

Hitchens was seconded from the Foreign and Commonwealth Office, to which he returned to become Head of the Africa Department (Equatorial). He had been First Secretary Political and Information, British High Commission, Islamabad and speechwriter for Foreign Secretary Douglas Hurd.

Early life and career
Hitchens was born in 1962, and educated at Dulwich College from 1972 to 1979. He then attended Christ's College, University of Cambridge, where he read English literature. After joining the Foreign and Commonwealth Office he studied Japanese, and then became Trade Secretary in Tokyo.

Career
Hitchens was Private Secretary to The Rt Hon Tristan Garel-Jones, Minister of State for Europe at the Foreign and Commonwealth Office 1990 to 1993, and speechwriter to the Foreign Secretary The Rt Hon Douglas Hurd from 1993 to 1994. He was Head of the Political Section at the British Embassy in Islamabad, Pakistan, 1994 to 1997.

From 2005 to 2008 Hitchens was Deputy Ambassador at the British Embassy in Paris.

From autumn 2008, Hitchens took up the position Director, European Political Affairs, in London. In August 2010, he became Director, Africa.

In 2012, Hitchens was appointed as HM Ambassador to Japan. He opened a Twitter account under the handle 'UKAmbTim' and,, had over 7000 followers. He often tweets in Japanese. Hitchens was succeeded by Paul Madden in January 2017.

In March 2017, Hitchens was appointed chief executive officer of the Commonwealth Summit 2018.

In January 2017, Hitchens was elected President of Wolfson College, Oxford. He assumed this post on 1st May 2018.

Honours
Hitchens was appointed Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George (CMG) in the 2012 New Year Honours.

Personal life
Hitchens is the son of Rear Admiral Gilbert A.F Hitchens (ret)RN, who was Royal naval attache in Japan (Feb 1977-Feb 1979)

Hitchens has one daughter (born 1991) and one son (born 1993).

title: Tim Hitchens


text:
User talk:Kam-Ren

Thanks for experimenting with Wikipedia. Your test worked, and has been removed. Please use the sandbox for any other tests you want to do. Take a look at the welcome page if you would like to learn more about contributing to our encyclopedia. Thanks. R ADICAL B ENDER ★  23:39, August 24, 2005 (UTC)
 * Your change to Jason Little has been removed. Please stop adding nonsense to Wikipedia. It is considered vandalism.  If you would like to experiment, use the sandbox. Thank you. FreplySpang (talk) 23:42, August 24, 2005 (UTC)
 * Please stop. If you continue to vandalize pages, you will be blocked from editing Wikipedia. FreplySpang (talk) 23:43, August 24, 2005 (UTC)
 * [[Image:Stop_hand.png|left|30px]]

This is your last warning. The next time you vandalize a page you will be blocked from editing Wikipedia. FreplySpang (talk) 23:46, August 24, 2005 (UTC)

This is regarding your recent edit: please calm down and try to be more civil, Please do not make personal attacks on other contributors. Wikipedia has a policy against personal attacks. Some users may remove personal attacks, and you may be banned from editing. Comment on content, not on the contributor. For further help, see Wikipedia:Dispute resolution. Thank you.. --Mysidia (talk) 00:00, 25 August 2005 (UTC)

You have been temporarily blocked from editing for vandalism of Wikipedia. If you wish to make useful contributions, you are welcome to come back after the block expires. FreplySpang (talk) 00:00, August 25, 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Kam-Ren


text:
Don McCullin

Sir Donald McCullin (born 9 October 1935) is a British photojournalist, particularly recognised for his war photography and images of urban strife. His career, which began in 1959, has specialised in examining the underside of society, and his photographs have depicted the unemployed, downtrodden and impoverished.

Early life
McCullin was born in St Pancras, London, and grew up in Finsbury Park, but he was evacuated to a farm in Somerset during the Blitz. He has mild dyslexia but displayed a talent for drawing at the secondary modern school he attended. He won a scholarship to Hammersmith School of Arts and Crafts but, following the death of his father, he left school at the age of 15, without qualifications, for a catering job on the railways. He was then called up for National Service with the Royal Air Force (RAF) in 1953.

Photojournalism
During his National Service, McCullin was posted to the Suez Canal during the 1956 Suez Crisis, and served as a photographer's assistant. He failed the written theory paper to become a photographer in the RAF and spent his service in the darkroom. During this period McCullin bought his first camera, a Rolleicord, for £30 when stationed in Nairobi. On return to Britain, shortage of funds led to his pawning the camera and his mother used her money to redeem the pledge.

In 1958 he took a photograph of a local London gang posing in a bombed-out building. He was persuaded by his colleagues to take his photograph of The Guvnors, as the gang was known, to The Observer, which published it, setting him on his path as a photographer. Between 1966 and 1984, he worked as an overseas correspondent for the Sunday Times Magazine, recording ecological and man-made catastrophes such as wars, amongst them Biafra in 1968, and victims of the African AIDS epidemic. His hard-hitting coverage of the Vietnam War and the Northern Ireland conflict is held in particularly high regard.

He also took the photographs of Maryon Park in London used in Michelangelo Antonioni's 1966 film Blowup, In 1968 his Nikon F camera stopped a bullet intended for him. Also in 1968, on 28 July, he was invited to photograph the Beatles, then at the height of their fame and in the midst of recording The White Album. These sessions, made at several London locations, have become known as The Mad Day Out. They contain many well-known images of the band, including the gatefold sleeve picture from the Red and Blue compilations where the Beatles mingled with the crowd seen through railings. The photographs from this day were published in the 2010 book A Day in the Life of the Beatles.

A documentary about McCullin entitled Just One More War, directed by Jana Boková, with ATV as the production company, aired on the ITV network in 1977.

In 1982 the British government refused to grant McCullin a press pass to cover the Falklands War, claiming the boat was full. At the time he believed it was because the Thatcher government felt his images might be too disturbing politically.

He is the author of a number of books, including The Palestinians (with Jonathan Dimbleby, 1980), Beirut: A City in Crisis (1983) and Don McCullin in Africa (2005). His book, Shaped by War (2010) was published to accompany a retrospective exhibition at the Imperial War Museum North, Salford, England in 2010 and then at the Victoria Art Gallery, Bath and the Imperial War Museum, London. His most recent publication is Southern Frontiers: A Journey Across the Roman Empire, a poetic and contemplative study of selected Roman and pre-Roman ruins in North Africa and the Middle East.

In 2012, a documentary film of his life, McCullin, directed by David Morris and Jacqui Morris, was released. It was nominated for two BAFTA awards. In later years, McCullin has turned to landscape, still-life works and commissioned portraits. In November 2015 McCullin was named Photo London Master of Photography for 2016.

Filmed in February 2018 and broadcast in May, the BBC Four documentary The Road To Palmyra saw McCullin visit Syria with historian Dan Cruickshank to see the devastation left by the conflict on the UNESCO listed site of Palmyra. Discussing his trip with the Radio Times he spoke of his approach to entering war zones: "I have risked my life endless times, and ended up in hospital with all kinds of burns and shell wounds. I have those reptile eyes that see behind and in front of me. I'm constantly trying to stay alive. I'm aware of warfare, of hidden mines."

Despite his reputation as a war photographer, McCullin has said that Alfred Stieglitz was a key influence on his work.

Personal life
Living in Somerset, he is married and has five children from his marriages.

Biopic
In November 2020, it was announced Angelina Jolie would be directing a biopic about McCullin, with Tom Hardy in the starring role. It is being adapted from McCullin's biography Unreasonable Behaviour by Gregory Burke.

Publications

 * Don McCullin (2010) A Day in the Life of the Beatles. London: Jonathan Cape. ISBN 9780224091244. New York: Rizzoli. ISBN 9780847836116.
 * A day in the life of the Beatles: un giorno speciale con John, Paul, George e Ringo. Milan: Rizzoli. ISBN 9788817043793.
 * ''A day in the life of the Beatles: söndagen den 28 juli 1968. Stockholm: Max Ström. ISBN 9789171262042.
 * The Landscape. London: Jonathan Cape, 2018. ISBN 978-1787330429.
 * Don McCullin (2010) A Day in the Life of the Beatles. London: Jonathan Cape. ISBN 9780224091244. New York: Rizzoli. ISBN 9780847836116.
 * A day in the life of the Beatles: un giorno speciale con John, Paul, George e Ringo. Milan: Rizzoli. ISBN 9788817043793.
 * ''A day in the life of the Beatles: söndagen den 28 juli 1968. Stockholm: Max Ström. ISBN 9789171262042.
 * The Landscape. London: Jonathan Cape, 2018. ISBN 978-1787330429.
 * Don McCullin (2010) A Day in the Life of the Beatles. London: Jonathan Cape. ISBN 9780224091244. New York: Rizzoli. ISBN 9780847836116.
 * A day in the life of the Beatles: un giorno speciale con John, Paul, George e Ringo. Milan: Rizzoli. ISBN 9788817043793.
 * ''A day in the life of the Beatles: söndagen den 28 juli 1968. Stockholm: Max Ström. ISBN 9789171262042.
 * The Landscape. London: Jonathan Cape, 2018. ISBN 978-1787330429.
 * Don McCullin (2010) A Day in the Life of the Beatles. London: Jonathan Cape. ISBN 9780224091244. New York: Rizzoli. ISBN 9780847836116.
 * A day in the life of the Beatles: un giorno speciale con John, Paul, George e Ringo. Milan: Rizzoli. ISBN 9788817043793.
 * ''A day in the life of the Beatles: söndagen den 28 juli 1968. Stockholm: Max Ström. ISBN 9789171262042.
 * The Landscape. London: Jonathan Cape, 2018. ISBN 978-1787330429.
 * Don McCullin (2010) A Day in the Life of the Beatles. London: Jonathan Cape. ISBN 9780224091244. New York: Rizzoli. ISBN 9780847836116.
 * A day in the life of the Beatles: un giorno speciale con John, Paul, George e Ringo. Milan: Rizzoli. ISBN 9788817043793.
 * ''A day in the life of the Beatles: söndagen den 28 juli 1968. Stockholm: Max Ström. ISBN 9789171262042.
 * The Landscape. London: Jonathan Cape, 2018. ISBN 978-1787330429.
 * A day in the life of the Beatles: un giorno speciale con John, Paul, George e Ringo. Milan: Rizzoli. ISBN 9788817043793.
 * ''A day in the life of the Beatles: söndagen den 28 juli 1968. Stockholm: Max Ström. ISBN 9789171262042.
 * The Landscape. London: Jonathan Cape, 2018. ISBN 978-1787330429.
 * The Landscape. London: Jonathan Cape, 2018. ISBN 978-1787330429.

Awards

 * 1964: World Press Photo of the Year, Amsterdam, for his coverage of the war in Cyprus.
 * 1964: Photo Stories, third prize stories, World Press Photo award, Amsterdam.
 * 1964: Warsaw Gold Medal.
 * 1974: News Picture, first prize stories, World Press Photo award 1973, Amsterdam.
 * 1977: Honorary Fellowship of the Royal Photographic Society (HonFRPS).
 * 1978: Photo Stories, first prize stories, World Press Photo award 1977, Amsterdam.
 * 1984: Spot News, second prize stories, World Press Photo award 1983, Amsterdam.
 * 1993: Honorary doctorate from the University of Bradford.
 * 1993: Appointed Commander of the Order of the British Empire in the 1993 New Year Honours, the first photojournalist to receive the honour.
 * 1994: Honorary degree from the Open University.
 * 2003: Royal Photographic Society's Special 150th Anniversary Medal and Honorary Fellowship (HonFRPS) in recognition of a sustained, significant contribution to the art of photography.
 * 2006: Cornell Capa Award.
 * 2007: Royal Photographic Society's Centenary Medal.
 * 2008: Honorary Doctorate of Letters by the University of Gloucestershire in recognition of his lifetime's achievement in photojournalism.
 * 2009: Honorary Fellowship of Hereford College of Arts.
 * 2011: Honorary Degree (Doctor of Arts) from the University of Bath.
 * 2016: Lucie Award in Achievement in Photojournalism category
 * 2017: Appointed Knight Bachelor in the 2017 New Year Honours for services to photography.
 * 2017: Honorary Degree (Doctor of Letters) from the University of Exeter.

Exhibitions

 * 2010–2012: Shaped by War: Photographs by Don McCullin, Imperial War Museum North, Salford, UK, 2010;  Victoria Art Gallery, Bath, UK, 2010; Imperial War Museum, London, 2011–2012 in an updated form. A retrospective with Photographs, contact sheets, objects, magazines and personal memorabilia.
 * 2013: Retrospective, National Gallery of Canada, Ottawa, Canada.
 * 2019: Retrospective, Tate Britain, London, UK
 * 2020-2021: Retrospective, Tate Liverpool (Exhibition extended to September 2021 as a result of COVID-19 related closures earlier in the year), Liverpool, UK

Collections
McCullin's work is held in the following permanent collection:
 * Tate, UK: 85 prints as of May 2018
 * Victoria and Albert Museum, London: 11 prints
 * National Portrait Gallery, London: 18 prints

Quotes

 * "I grew up in total ignorance, poverty and bigotry, and this has been a burden for me throughout my life. There is still some poison that won't go away, as much as I try to drive it out."
 * "I am a professed atheist, until I find myself in serious circumstances. Then I quickly fall on my knees, in my mind if not literally, and I say : 'Please God, save me from this.'"
 * "I have been manipulated, and I have in turn manipulated others, by recording their response to suffering and misery. So there is guilt in every direction: guilt because I don't practise religion, guilt because I was able to walk away, while this man was dying of starvation or being murdered by another man with a gun. And I am tired of guilt, tired of saying to myself: "I didn't kill that man on that photograph, I didn't starve that child." That's why I want to photograph landscapes and flowers. I am sentencing myself to peace."
 * "Photography for me is not looking, it's feeling. If you can't feel what you're looking at, then you're never going to get others to feel anything when they look at your pictures."

title: Don McCullin


text:
South Cave

South Cave is a village and civil parish in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England. It is situated approximately 14 mi to the west of Hull city centre on the A1034 road just to the north of the A63 road. North Cave is approximately 2 mi to the north-west. South Cave formerly held a town charter that has lapsed and the parish council no longer styles itself as a town.

The civil parish is formed by the village of South Cave, the hamlet of Drewton and part of the hamlet of Riplingham. According to the 2011 UK Census, South Cave parish had a population of 4,823, an increase on the 2001 UK Census figure of 4,515.

South Cave lies within the Parliamentary constituency of Haltemprice and Howden.

History
The name 'Cave' probably derives from "the fast-flowing one", being a stream from the Old English 'caf' meaning quick or swift.

The settlement is listed in the Domesday Book as "Cave", and in the Cave Hundred of the East Riding of Yorkshire. At the time of the survey there were 31 households, 30 villagers and a priest, 12 ploughlands, woodland and a church. In 1066 Gamal son of Osbert held the Lordship, this in 1086 transferred to Robert Malet, who was also Tenant-in-chief to William I. South Cave Town Hall dates from 1796.

In 1823 South Cave was a town and civil parish in the Wapentake of Harthill, the Liberty of St Peter's, and in the division of Hunsley Beacon. Baines's History, Directory and Gazetteer of the County of York states that the South Cave's name probably derives from the "hollow" in which it sits. The parish, with South Cave, included the townships of Broomfleet, Faxfleet, and Osmandyke. A National School existed. A market was held every Monday in which a "great quantity" of corn was sold and sent to West Riding towns, including Leeds and Wakefield, by way of The Humber, with commodities such as coal, lime, and stone returning. Cave Castle, which then was "near this town", was the seat and principal residence of Henry Barnard. The house, described as "large and noble" and ornamented, had within a collection of pictures by the "best masters", including a portrait of George Washington, whose great grandfather lived at the house, possessed part of the estate, and emigrated to America in 1657 to settle in Westmoreland, Virginia.

In the town Market Place was a merchant, two attorneys, an educational academy (another two existed elsewhere), a National school, a blacksmith, two boot & shoe makers, a bricklayer, four butchers, four farmers, three shopkeepers, an agent for Cave Castle, two tailors, one of whom was a draper, a further draper who was a grocer, a wheelwright, a weaver, a horse dealer, an auctioneer, a gardener, and a baker, and one trader who was a grocer, druggist, linen & woolen draper, and hardware dealer. Some of these professions and trades were repeated elsewhere in the town, particularly at West End and West Gate. Further town occupations included a cooper, a clock & watch maker, a common brewer, a tinner & brazier, gunsmith, and a saddler & collar maker. There were the landlords of The Bay Horse, The Bear Inn, The Fox & Coney, The Three Tuns, and The Windmill public houses. The Fox & Coney also held the post and excise office of the town Postmaster, the office sending and receiving letters every day. Residents included a Leed church minister, two gentlemen and a gentlewoman. Coaches between Hull and Thorne passed through The Fox & Coney daily. Two carriers operated between the town and Hull, and Howden.

South Cave was served by South Cave railway station on the Hull and Barnsley Railway between 1885 and 1955.

Community
The Yorkshire Wolds Way National Trail, a long distance footpath passes to the east end of the village.

The parish church of All Saints' was designated a Grade II* listed building in 1968 and is now recorded in the National Heritage List for England, maintained by Historic England. The Methodist Church joining with All Saints Church in September 2007.

Cave Castle, built in 1804, is a house in Gothic Revival style on Church Hill and is Grade II listed. Today it operates as a hotel with gym facilities and its grounds form a local golf club.

In 2003 the Haltemprice and Howden area was placed as the 10th most affluent in the country in a Barclays Private Clients survey.

Sport
Since 2010, both the Sporting Club and the South Cave & Brantingham Cricket Club have been based at the Norman Elliott Pavilion at The Bully Field, which was finally completed after much public fundraising in 2012. The Pavilion was built at a cost of £730,000 and was named after Norman Elliott MBE of South Cave.

title: South Cave


text:
Talk:Interstate 220 (Mississippi)

Exit List
I revamped the exit list, but I can't get the county line sector fixed for anything.

The Hinds-Madison county line goes between the Hanging Moss Rd/Highland Colony Parkway exit and the northern terminus at I-55. Can someone please fix it? - --Bdj95 18:46, 25 March 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:Interstate 220 (Mississippi)


text: User talk:82.210.119.170

title: User talk:82.210.119.170