text:
Vincent Lübeck

Vincent Lübeck (c. September 1654 – 9 February 1740) was a German composer and organist. He was born in Padingbüttel and worked as organist and composer at Stade's St. Cosmae et Damiani (1675–1702) and Hamburg's famous St. Nikolai (1702–1740), where he played one of the largest contemporary organs. He enjoyed a remarkably high reputation in his lifetime, and had numerous pupils, among which were two of his sons.

Despite Lübeck's longevity and fame, very few compositions by him survive: a handful of organ praeludia and chorales in the North German style, a few cantatas and several pieces for harpsichord, some of which were published during the composer's lifetime. Of his works, the organ pieces are the most important: influenced by Dieterich Buxtehude and Johann Adam Reincken, Lübeck composed technically and artistically sophisticated works, with frequent virtuosic passages for pedal, five-voice polyphony, and other devices rarely used by most of the composers of the period.

Life
Lübeck was born in Padingbüttel, a small town some 70 km north of Bremen. His father, also named Vincent, worked as organist first at Glückstadt and then, from 1647, at the Marienkirche in Flensburg, where he was succeeded in 1654 by Caspar Förckelrath. Lübeck's father died that year, and Förckelrath married the widow; it follows that he must have been young Lübeck's first teacher. According to scholar Wolfram Syré, Lübeck may have also studied under Andreas Kneller, whose influence is palpable in Lübeck's surviving keyboard works. In late 1675 Lübeck became organist of St. Cosmae et Damiani in Stade. The city had been a prominent member of the Hanseatic League, but by 1675 it was being slowly eclipsed by nearby Hamburg. Nevertheless, St. Cosmae had an organ built by the celebrated Arp Schnitger (which still survives, although it has been reconstructed). Upon accepting the post, Lübeck married, as was custom in some parts of North Germany, the daughter of his predecessor, one Susanne Becker.

The only dated works by Lübeck are two cantatas composed in Stade in November 1693, both commissioned by the Swedish administration in Stade in memory of Ulrike Eleonora of Denmark. Aside from these pieces, we know very little about the composer's activities at Stade. His reputation as organist, organ consultant and teacher grew steadily, and finally landed him the position at St. Nikolai in Hamburg in 1702; he was succeeded in Stade by his son, Peter Paul (1680–1732). Hamburg was already one of the largest cities in Germany and had a long organ tradition associated first with pupils of Jan Pieterszoon Sweelinck: Heinrich Scheidemann, Jacob Praetorius, and others. A number of other important composers worked in Hamburg in the late 17th century: among them Matthias Weckmann, who helped organize the concert life of the city, and the aforementioned Reincken, one of the most celebrated organists of his time. However, by the time of Lübeck's arrival, only Reincken was still alive, and the musical life of the city, as well as its economic position, was in a slow decline. In 1720 Johann Sebastian Bach applied for a post at the Jacobikirche, but withdrew the application after acquainting himself with the local circumstances.

Nevertheless, Lübeck's position in Hamburg was a prominent one. St. Nikolai was one of the city's most important churches, and the organ was not only another Schnitger but also one of the largest organs in the world: a four-manual instrument with 67 stops. Johann Mattheson, writing in 1721, named both the organ and the organist "extraordinary", alluding to Lübeck's apparently great fame: "But how to extol someone who is already greatly renowned? I need only give his name, Vincent Lübeck." Unfortunately, Lübeck's St. Nikolai did not survive into the 20th century: the church was destroyed during the Great Fire of 1842.

Lübeck remained organist of St. Nikolai until his death in 1740. One of his sons (also named Vincent, 1684–1755) assisted him from 1735 and succeeded him. During much of his career, Lübeck was a renowned teacher and organ consultant (passing judgements on, among others, Schnitger instruments). But we know little about his teaching activities; his pupils, aside from the two sons, included Michael Johann Friedrich Wiedeburg, a renowned keyboard pedagogue. Although J.S. Bach may have been influenced by Lübeck, they almost certainly never met. Lübeck's works were quickly forgotten with much of the rest of 17th and 18th century organ music. The first modern edition of the composer's work appeared in 1921 in Germany (G. Harms (Klecken, 1921)). A school in Stade was named in his honor, the Vincent Lübeck Gymnasium.

Music
Only a few pieces by Lübeck survive: five preludes and fugues (one possibly incomplete, and there is also a spurious sixth prelude and fugue), two chorale settings (one incomplete), a single harpsichord suite published in 1728, and five cantatas. Lübeck's organ works, predictably enough, show the influence of Reincken, as well as that of Buxtehude. The preludes and fugues are remarkably varied, and each has a distinct structure:

 * Prelude and Fugue in C major: Toccata – Fugue 1 – Fugato manualiter – Fugue 2
 * Prelude and Fugue in C minor: Toccata – Fugue (possibly incomplete)
 * Prelude and Fugue in D minor: Toccata – Fugue 1 – Toccata
 * Prelude and Fugue in E major: Toccata – Fugue 1 – Fugato – Fugue 2 – Toccata
 * Prelude and Fugue in G minor: Toccata – Fugue 1 – Fugue 2 – Toccata – Fugue 3

Buxtehude's impact is apparent in some of Lübeck's fugue subjects, as well as the five-section structure of the E major work. The free sections often feature virtuosic pedal solos, and the G minor work includes double-pedal passages (see Example 1) of a type which is to be found several times in Reincken's output but which is absent from Buxtehude's. Most of Lübeck's fugues have an obbligato countersubject, commonly introduced during the first statement of the subject:

The F major and G major preludes and fugues are now attributed to Lübeck's son, whose name also was Vincent. Both have a simple two-section structure (i.e., Toccata and Fugue) and show no trace of the virtuosity apparent in the fully authenticated works.

An organ fantasia on Ich ruf zu Dir, Herr Jesu Christ is the only existing complete chorale prelude definitely by Lübeck. At 271 bars, it is one of the largest known examples of the genre. There are twelve clearly defined sections, covering the entire first stanza of the chorale; numerous techniques are employed, including multiple instances of advanced hand-crossing, another feature periodically found in Reincken but not in Buxtehude. Lübeck's variations on Nun lasst uns Gott dem Herren survive incomplete, with only the first six verses set, although these are enough to indicate the composer's skill; his rich variation technique at times almost dispenses with the melody, elaborating only on the harmonic framework of the chorale.

Lübeck's Clavier-Übung of 1728 consists of a single harpsichord suite, in which the traditional dances (allemande, courante, sarabande and gigue) are preceded by a prelude and fugue, and a chaconne, which is a simplistic two-voice piece, in which the chorale melody Lobt Gott, ihr Christen allzugleich by Nikolaus Herman is combined with an eight-bar ostinato. The suite, on the other hand, is much more advanced and exhibits some of the virtuosic qualities found in Lübeck's organ works.

Of Lübeck's surviving cantatas, Gott wie dein Nahme, Hilff deinem Volck and Willkommen süsser Bräutigam are the less important ones, probably intended for small, average ensembles. The remaining two works, commissioned by the Swedish administration in Stade, include separate instrumental movements, choruses and ritornello arias; they also feature more advanced writing.

Organ music

 * Prelude and Fugue in C major
 * Prelude and Fugue in C minor (possibly incomplete)
 * Prelude and Fugue in D minor
 * Prelude and Fugue in E major
 * Prelude and Fugue in F major (possibly by Lübeck's son, also named Vincent Lübeck)
 * Prelude and Fugue in G major (possibly by Lübeck's son, also named Vincent Lübeck)
 * Prelude and Fugue in G minor
 * Chorale fantasia Ich ruf zu Dir, Herr Jesu Christ
 * Chorale prelude Nun lasst uns Gott (incomplete, only the first 6 verses survive)

Harpsichord music

 * Clavier Übung bestehend im Praeludio, Fuga, Allemande, Courante, Sarabande und Gigue als auch einer Zugabe von dem Gesang Lobt Gott ihr Christen allzugleich in einer Chaconne (Hamburg, 1728):
 * Prelude and Fugue in A minor
 * Suite in G minor
 * Chaconne on Lobt Gott ihr Christen, in F major
 * Works from Handschrift S.M.G. 1691, attributed to Lübeck and published in the recent Bärenreiter edition of his works:
 * Praeludium (in D major) and Chaconne (in D minor)
 * Chaconne in A major
 * Suite in A minor
 * March and Menuet in F major

Sacred vocal music

 * Es ist ein grosser Gewinn, wer gottselig ist (4vv, 2 vn, 2 b viol, 2 ob, bn, bc; dated 10–14 November 1693)
 * Gott wie dein Nahme (3vv (ATB), 3 instruments, bc)
 * Hilff deinem Volck (4vv, 2 violins, 2 b viol, bc)
 * Ich hab hier wenig guter Tag (4vv, 2 vn, 2 b viol, 2 ob, bn, bc; dated 10–14 November 1693)
 * Willkommen süsser Bräutigam (2vv, 2 vn, bc)
 * 14 more cantatas and a Passion, known from titles and/or texts (all lost)

title: Vincent Lübeck


text:
Tennis at the 2000 Summer Olympics – Women's doubles

The United States' Serena Williams and Venus Williams defeated the Netherlands' Kristie Boogert and Miriam Oremans in the final, 6–1, 6–1 to win the gold medal in Women's Doubles tennis at the 2000 Summer Olympics. It was the first of an eventual three gold medals at the event for the Williams sisters. In the bronze medal match, Belgium's Els Callens and Dominique Van Roost defeated Belarus' Olga Barabanschikova and Natalia Zvereva, 4–6, 6–4, 6–1.

The tournament was held in the Tennis Centre, Sydney Olympic Park in Sydney, Australia from 21 September till 28 September.

The United States' Gigi Fernández and Mary Joe Fernandez were the two-time reigning gold medalists, but Gigi Fernández retired from the sport in 1997 and Mary Joe Fernandez did not participate.

Seeds
• # (Quarterfinalists)

• # (second round)

• # (second round)

• # (second round)

• # (semifinalists, bronze medalists)

• # (second round)

• # (first round)

• # (first round)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


text: Talk:Jon Tickle

title: Talk:Jon Tickle


text:
Liza Marklund

Eva Elisabeth "Liza" Marklund (born 9 September 1962) is a Swedish journalist and crime writer.

Her novels, of which most feature the fictional newspaper journalist Annika Bengtzon, have been published in forty languages. Marklund is the co-owner of Sweden's third largest publishing house, Piratförlaget, and has worked as a journalist as well as a goodwill ambassador for UNICEF.

Life
She was born in Pålmark near Piteå, Norrbotten. Marklund lives in Spain with her husband Mikael.

Career
Since her debut in 1995, Liza Marklund has written eleven crime novels in her Annika Bengtzon series, the stand-alone novel The Black Pearl Farm as well as the first novel in her new series, The Polar Circle Trilogy. In addition, she has co-authored two documentary novels with Maria Eriksson and one non-fiction book about female leadership with Lotta Snickare. Marklund's crime novels featuring crime reporter Annika Bengtzon have become international bestsellers. She won the "Poloni Prize" (Polonipriset) 1998 for "Best Swedish Crime Novel by a Female Writer" and "The Debutant Prize", (Debutantpriset) 1998 for "Best First Novel of the Year" with the crime novel Sprängaren (The Bomber), published in 1998. Marklund was named Author of the Year in Sweden 1999 by the Swedish trade union SKTF, won the radio network RixFM's Swedish Literary Prize in 2007, and was selected the fifteenth most popular woman in Sweden of 2003 and the fourth most popular woman in Sweden of 2004 in a yearly survey with 1,000 participants, conducted by ICA-kuriren, a publication published by a Swedish supermarket chain.

Her books have been number one bestsellers in all five Nordic countries. In 2002 and 2003, two of Liza Marklund's crime novels were listed on the international bestseller lists by the online magazine Publishing Trends, Prime Time ranking #13 and The Red Wolf ranking #12. In Scandinavia and Germany, her non-fiction novels have become the center of a heated controversy.

The Postcard Killers, a crime thriller written in collaboration with American bestselling author James Patterson, was published on January 27, 2010, in Sweden and became number one on the Swedish bestseller list in February 2010. It was published on 16 August 2010 in the United States. At the end of August, it reached number one in the New York Times Best Seller list, making Liza Marklund the second Swedish author (the first one being Stieg Larsson with the Millennium Trilogy) ever to reach the number one spot.

Buried Alive: A True Story is the 1995 literary debut of Swedish author Liza Marklund. It is the first novel in the Maria Eriksson series. The novel is based on a true story and deals with a woman who is abused by her boyfriend and forced into hiding. Swedish journalist Monica Antonsson released a book in 2008 criticising the factual background of Buried Alive leading to a public debate about the book and the public libraries of Sweden reclassifying all editions from non-fiction to fiction.

The Annika Bengtzon series consists of eleven books. The framework of the Annika Bengtzon series is crime reporter Annika's hectic life, at a bustling tabloid called Kvällspressen in Stockholm, Sweden. Her conflict lies in combining motherhood with her career ambitions. Prior to The Bomber, there were very few female commercially successful crime writers in Sweden. Marklund placed 22nd on the list of the most influential media personality of 2008 in Sweden, a list established yearly by the trade magazine for the advertising industry, Resumé.

Two films based on Annika Bengtzon novels, The Bomber and Paradise, have been filmed in Swedish by the English director Colin Nutley. The actress Helena Bergström starred in the role as Annika Bengtzon in both movies. They premiered in 2001 and 2003. In 2009, the film and TV production company Yellow Bird bought the rights to adapt an additional six Annika Bengtzon novels for the screen: Studio 69, Prime Time, The Red Wolf, Nobel's Last Will, Lifetime, and A Place in the Sun. In these six films Annika Bengtzon is played by Swedish actress Malin Crépin.

UNICEF ambassador
In 2004 Liza Marklund was appointed ambassador for the United Nations Children's Fund, UNICEF. The reason was her long interest in issues related to human rights. She travels regularly on behalf of the UNICEF and has, among other things, especially covered questions related to child slavery and children with HIV and AIDS in the third world.

Novels
Maria Eriksson series:
 * 1) Buried Alive: A True Story (Gömda: en sann historia) (1995; updated edition 2000), with Maria Eriksson
 * 2) Asylum Granted: A True Story (Asyl: den sanna fortsättningen på Gömda (2004), with Maria Eriksson

Annika Bengtzon series, by chronological order:
 * 1) Studio 69, or Exposed (Studio sex) (1999), English translation Studio 69, trans. Kajsa von Hofsten, 2002; Exposed, trans. Neil Smith, 2011
 * 2) Paradise, or Vanished (Paradiset) (2000), English translation Paradise, trans. Ingrid Eng-Rundlow, 2004; Vanished, trans. Neil Smith, 2012
 * 3) Prime Time (2001), English translation Prime Time, trans. Ingrid Eng-Rundlow, 2006
 * 4) The Bomber (Sprängaren) (1998), English translation The Bomber, trans. Kajsa von Hofsten, 2000; The Bomber, trans. Neil Smith, 2011
 * 5) The Red Wolf (Den röda vargen) (2003), English translation The Red Wolf, trans. Neil Smith, 2010
 * 6) Last Will (Nobels testamente) (2006), English translation Last Will, trans. Neil Smith, 2012
 * 7) Lifetime (Livstid) (2007), English translation Lifetime, trans. Neil Smith, 2013
 * 8) The Long Shadow (En plats i solen) (2008), English translation The Long Shadow, trans. Neil Smith, 2013
 * 9) Borderline (Du gamla, du fria) (2011), English translation Borderline, trans. Neil Smith, 2014
 * 10) Without a Trace (Lyckliga gatan) (2013), English translation Without a Trace, trans. Neil Smith, 2015
 * 11) The Final Word (Järnblod) (2015), English translation The Final Word, trans. Neil Smith, 2016

Polar Circle trilogy (Stenträsktrilogin):
 * 1) The Arctic Circle, or Polar Circle (Polcirkeln) (2021)

Stand-alones:
 * The Postcard Killers (2010), with James Patterson
 * The Pearl Farm, or Black Pearl Farm (Pärlfarms) (2019)

Short stories

 * "Vedtjuven" (1999), Annika Bengtzon series

Non-fiction

 * Härifrån till jämställdheten (1998), with Lotta Snickare, feminism
 * Det finns en särskild plats i helvetet för kvinnor som inte hjälper varandra (2005), with Lotta Snickare, feminism

Literary Awards

 * 1998 – Winner of The Swedish Academy of Crime Writers' Award for Best Debut (for The Bomber)
 * 1998 – Shortlisted for the Swedish Academy of Crime Writers' Award for Best Swedish Crime Novel of the Year (for The Bomber)
 * 1998 – Winner of The Poloni Prize for Best Swedish Crime Novel by a Female Writer (for The Bomber)
 * 1999 – Swedish Union's Award for Author of the Year (for Studio 69)
 * 1999 – Shortlisted for the Swedish Academy of Crime Writers' Award for Best Swedish Crime Novel of the Year (for Studio 69)
 * 1999 – Shortlisted for the Glass Key for Best Nordic Crime Novel of the Year (for The Bomber)
 * 2000 – Winner of Paperback of the Year (for The Bomber)
 * 2000 – Book of the Year Award (for Vanished)
 * 2001 – Winner of QX's Book of the Year Award (for Vanished)
 * 2002 – Awarded with the St. Erik's Medal
 * 2002 – Winner of the Scanorama Awards (for Scandinavian of the Year in the Literature category)
 * 2007 – Winner of The Swedish Literary Award for Best Novel of the Year (for Lifetime)
 * 2010 – Winner of The Platinum Paperback Award for Outstanding Paperback Sales (for The Long Shadow)
 * 2012 – Awarded with The Reading Relay Gold Medal Scotland (for The Bomber)
 * 2012 – Winner of Eurocrime Read of the Year for Favourite read of 2012 (for Last Will)
 * 2013 – Winner of The Petrona Award for Best Scandinavian Crime Novel of the Year (for Last Will)
 * 2015 – Awarded with the Special Honorary Award by The Swedish Academy of Crime Writers
 * 2016 – Winner of Radio Bremen's Crime Award (for The Final Word)
 * 2018 – Awarded with Crimetime Specsavers' Honorary Award
 * 2019 – Shortlisted for the Storytel Awards for Best Fiction (for The Pearl Farm)
 * 2021 – Shortlisted for the Swedish Academy of Crime Writers' Award for Best Crime Novel of the Year (for The Arctic Circle)

Adaptations

 * Deadline (2001), film directed by Colin Nutley, based on novel The Bomber
 * Paradise (2003), film directed by Colin Nutley, based on novel Paradise
 * Nobel's Last Will (2012), film directed by Peter Flinth, based on novel Last Will
 * Prime Time (2012), film directed by Agneta Fagerström-Olsson, based on novel Prime Time
 * Studio Sex (2012), film directed by Agneta Fagerström-Olsson, based on novel Studio 69
 * The Red Wolf (2012), film directed by Agneta Fagerström-Olsson, based on novel The Red Wolf
 * Lifetime (2012), film directed by Ulf Kvensler, based on novel Lifetime
 * A Place in the Sun (2012), film directed by Peter Flinth, based on novel The Long Shadow
 * The Postcard Killings (2020), film directed by Danis Tanović, based on novel The Postcard Killers

title: Liza Marklund


text: File:Billy Idol - Idol Songs 11 Of The Best CD album cover.jpg


text:
Microsoft Commerce Server

Microsoft Commerce Server is a Microsoft product for building e-commerce systems using Microsoft .NET technology.

History
In 1996, Microsoft purchased the core software that formed the basis for the Commerce Server product line from e-Shop. e-Shop was co-founded by Pierre Omidyar, one of the founders of eBay.

In 1997, the software was rebranded to Microsoft Merchant Server, then Microsoft Site Server, eventually being renamed to Microsoft Commerce Server in 2000. Initially released in 2000, Commerce Server replaced Microsoft Site Server, expanding on the functionality and establishing a focus on e-commerce functionality (rather than concerning itself with document management or content metadata). It helped to create an e-commerce solution or web site with high-performance, familiar tools designed to simplify setup, management, and administration tasks.

The last version of the Microsoft-developed product is Microsoft Commerce Server 2009 R2. Microsoft continued to honor extended support of Commerce Server 2009 through 2019. Sitecore now takes responsibility for developing, selling, and supporting the Commerce Server product. The latest release is Sitecore Commerce Server 11, released in 2014.

History in the UK
Used extensively by a number of middle to large UK retailers, Commerce Server gained considerable traction in the early 2000s. Primarily implemented by Microsoft Partners, the following were sites that at one point were running on a Commerce Server foundation:

1990s:
 * England Direct
 * England Cricket Board
 * Manchester United
 * West Indies Cricket Board

2000 - 2010
 * Alba
 * Betterware
 * Blackburn Rovers F.C.
 * Blacks
 * Blooming Marvellous
 * Bravissomo
 * Carl Lewis
 * Cath Kidston
 * Charles Tyrwhitt Shirts
 * Choices
 * Clarks
 * Cross
 * Dobbies
 * Dreams
 * Eyestorm
 * French Connection
 * GAME
 * Graham and Green
 * Great Plains
 * Hawkin's Bazaar
 * Hawkshead
 * Lakeland
 * Leicester FC
 * Levi's
 * Links of London
 * Lipsy
 * Liverpool FC
 * LK Bennett
 * Long Tall Sally
 * MacCulloch & Wallis
 * Maclaren Pushchairs
 * Majestic
 * MFI
 * Millets
 * New Look
 * Newcastle FC
 * Nicole Farhi
 * Oddbins
 * Ordnance Survey
 * Oxfam
 * Pearson Publishing
 * Pets at Home
 * Punch Taverns
 * Racing Green
 * Rangers FC
 * Rohan
 * Route One
 * Scotts of Stow
 * Soletraders
 * St Andrews
 * Suit Direct
 * The White Company
 * TM Lewin
 * Toast
 * Toys R Us

2010 - onwards
 * Best Buy (UK)
 * Co-op Electrical
 * Co-op Pharmacy
 * Exp Workwear
 * WHSmith

UK Microsoft Commerce Server Implementors
The following companies were responsible for the vast majority of Microsoft Commerce led ecommerce implementation.

 * Conchango - Conchango was bought by EMC in 2008 and rebranded in 2009 to become EMC Consulting
 * e-in-business - The team behind eibDIGITAL moved over to Welcome Digital in 2014.
 * Maginus
 * Snowvalley - Snow Valley - now part of MICROS
 * Screen Pages
 * TCPL

System components
Commerce Server 2009, which became available on Microsoft's price list on 1 April 2009, introduced multichannel awareness into the product, a new default site (running in Microsoft's SharePoint product), including 30 new web parts and controls, and WYSIWYG (what-you-see-is-what-you-get) editing experiences for business people and site designers.

These features were introduced through the new Commerce Foundation - an abstraction layer that unifies calling patterns of the core systems (see below) and allows for different presentation and business logic to be easily added and represented as 'selling channels'; and SharePoint Commerce Services which includes integration with Microsoft SharePoint - a new default site with 30 new web parts and controls pre-assembled. The default site can be skinned through the new page templating technology, allowing for individual pages to be easily changed by selecting a different template.

The product still retains its core systems of Catalog, Inventory, Orders, Profiles, and Marketing.

Other components
The server comes bundled with Data Warehouse Analytics, which offer sophisticated reporting functionality, dependent on the availability of Microsoft SQL Server Analytics module, in addition to the Commerce Server Staging (CSS) system. The Staging functionality automates the deployment of both dynamic and active content across a network infrastructure and can accommodate a wide variety of network configurations. (Some have remarked that the speed of CSS deployments is perhaps the most note-worthy aspect of this component.) Commerce Server also comes with BizTalk adaptors, which allow for integration with Microsoft BizTalk for enterprise data manipulation.

Related technologies
The product requires the presence of Microsoft SQL Server 2005 or later. Commerce Server also can leverage a number of other Microsoft server products, including BizTalk Server 2006, R2, or 2009 and Microsoft Office SharePoint Server (MOSS).

.NET Framework 3.5 and Microsoft's Component Object Model (COM) are also required, as the other components used by this product are dependent on these technologies. Recommended deployments are confined to Windows Server 2003 or higher.

Microsoft release history

 * 2000 - Commerce Server 2000
 * 2002 - Commerce Server 2002
 * Service Pack 2 (2003)
 * Service Pack 3 (2004)
 * 2004 - Commerce Server 2002 FP1
 * Service Pack 4 (2006)
 * 2006 - Commerce Server 2007
 * Service Pack 1 (2007)
 * Service Pack 2 (2008)
 * 2009 - Commerce Server 2009
 * 2011 - Commerce Server 2009 R2
 * 2013 - Service Pack 1

post-Microsoft Release History

 * July 2012 - Ascentium Commerce Server 2009
 * July 2012 - Ascentium Commerce Server 2009 R2
 * December 2012 - CommerceServer.net Commerce Server 10.0
 * May 2013 - CommerceServer.net Commerce Server 10.1
 * May 2013 - Ascentium Commerce Server 2009 R2 Service Pack 1
 * August 2014 - Sitecore Commerce Server 11.0
 * October 2014 - Sitecore Commerce Server 11.1

Future development
The Microsoft Commerce Server business was outsourced to Cactus Commerce (Gatineau, Quebec, Canada) in 2007. After Ascentium purchased Cactus Commerce along with the Microsoft Commerce Server business in 2011, they rebranded the software to Ascentium Commerce Server.

Ascentium later rebranded itself as SMITH and split off the Commerce Server product division into a subsidiary known as CommerceServer.net.

In November 2013, Sitecore acquired CommerceServer.net.

In August 2014, Sitecore released Sitecore Commerce Server 11.

title: Microsoft Commerce Server


text:
Jon Sanders

Jon Sanders (born 1939 in Perth, Western Australia) is an Australian yachtsman.

Early years
Born to Colsell Sanders, a professor at the University of Western Australia, and Dorothy Lucie Sanders, a well-known romance novelist, Jonathan William Sanders grew up in Perth and in his teens and twenties, worked with shearing teams for 17 years. Initially he was a wool classer/shearing contractor, shearing team overseer and later owner of his own shearing team. He is characterised by his well-built stature and his shy and reserved demeanour. Jon is a close friend and mentor of fellow Western Australian solo-sailor David Dicks.

Accomplishments
Jon Sanders was the first man to circumnavigate Antarctica solo, circling the continent twice in 1981 – 1982. For this accomplishment, Gate 17 of the new Antarctica Cup Racetrack has been named after him, with sector 17 named after the S&S 34 monohull Perie Banou, the yacht he had used during the circumnavigation. Sanders Gate is positioned mid-way round the Indian Ocean zone; the gate is close to where Sanders suffered a 180-degree knockdown. During the voyage, he passed south of the three great capes: Horn, Good Hope and Leeuwin, before rounding Cape Horn a second time. He turned north to Plymouth, UK and returning south around Good Hope and returning to Fremantle.

This voyage was recognised in the Guinness Book of Records through the following records:

 * The first single-handed sailor to remain continuously at sea twice around the world
 * First single-handed sailor to round the five southernmost Capes twice on one voyage
 * First single-handed sailor to round the five southernmost Capes twice
 * Longest distance continuously sailed by any yacht: 48510 mi.
 * Longest period alone at sea during a continuous voyage: 419 days: 22 hours: 10 minutes

In 1986 Sanders set out again from Fremantle, and this time completed three solo non-stop circumnavigations aboard his 47 ft yacht Parry Endeavour, rounding Saint Peter and Saint Paul Archipelago just north of the Equator each time to ensure that his course covered both hemispheres.

Bob Williams, the Chairman of Antarctica Cup Management and the Antarctica Cup Ocean Race, says: "What Jon achieved during his double circumnavigation in 1981/82 was truly remarkable, given the technology available at the time and size of his yacht. I have had the greatest respect for Jon ever since watching him set off in a full gale off Plymouth at the start of the Parmelia Race in 1979 and was very pleased to be a contributing sponsor for his next yacht Parry Endeavour in 1986/87. His achievement is an inspiration to all long distance ocean racing sailors and we are very happy to honour Jon now by naming this Gate 17 Sanders Gate and Sector 17 after his yacht Perie Banou"

On 2 November 2016, Sanders set out from Carnarvon, Western Australia on his tenth circumnavigation, which he completed on 20 December 2017.

On the 31 January 2021 Sanders completed his eleventh circumnavigation, which makes the 81 year old one of the oldest persons to sail singlehanded around the world.

Parry Endeavour is now in the WA Maritime Museum, in Fremantle, Western Australia.

Other recognitions
Sanders was made an Officer in the Order of the British Empire for sailing in the 1983 New Year's Honours. He was made an Officer of the Order of Australia (AO) in the 1989 Australia Day Honours for "service to sailing and to marine science".

Sanders was inducted into the Single-Handed Sailor's Hall of Fame in Newport, Rhode Island, USA in 1991.

Sanders' records include: (From S-HSoF website)
 * 1970 First solo circumnavigation trip east to west mostly sailing through tropics.
 * 1981–82 Double nonstop solo circumnavigation west to east via Southern Ocean.
 * Triple non-stop solo circumnavigation:
 * 25 May 1986 left Fremantle headed east.
 * 29 January 1987 Rendezvous off Fremantle to mark first circumnavigation.
 * 13 March 1988 returned from 657 days 21 hours and 18 minutes at sea, completing three non-stop solo circumnavigations.
 * Guinness World Records cites this as "the longest distance sailed non-stop by any vessel". (71,023 nautical miles)

A road in Osborne Park, Western Australia bears his name in honour of his sailing accomplishments.

In 2018 Sanders was inducted to the Australian Sailing Hall of Fame.

title: Jon Sanders


text:
Category:Insomniac Games

Insomniac Games — a subsidiary of Sony Interactive Entertainment, is a based in Burbank, California.

title: Category:Insomniac Games


text:
Dataindustrier AB

Dataindustrier AB (literal translation: computer industries shareholding company) or DIAB was a Swedish computer engineering and manufacturing firm, founded in 1970 by Lars Karlsson and active in the 1970s through 1990s. The company's first product was a board-based computer centered on a specific bus named Data Board 4680. This unit was used for automatic control in several Swedish industries as would be almost all of DIAB's computers. DIAB is mostly known for engineering the ABC 80, the first Swedish home computer, manufactured by Luxor AB.

They would subsequently develop all the ABC-models (ABC 800, ABC 1600 and ABC 9000) before rebranding their own make of the ABC 9000 as DIAB DS-90 and develop a series of Unix-compatible computers, using code licensed from AT&T Version 5 Unix release, but with a unique in-house kernel using the brand name DNIX. DIAB would continue to provide OEM services past Luxor AB, the most prominent probably being the entire Unix server product line from Cromemco.

The compiler technology developed by Tomas Evensen at DIAB was bought by Wind River Systems and was renamed to the "Wind River Compiler". Further information about the Wind River Compiler can be found at the Wind River Compiler product home page.

The Unix computer support and customers was acquired by Bull Computer in 1990 ending the history of the company.

Card-based microcomputers

 * 1974: Data Board 4680 - the number is a short form of the three microprocessors supported by the bus of this system: Intel 4004, Motorola 6800 and Zilog Z80. Eventually only Z80 was ever used in this product.

Home and office computers

 * 1977: 7S "Seven S" a combined monochrome terminal and computer built on the Data Board 4680 bus and a Z80 processor.
 * 1978: ABC 80 a Z80-based monochrome home computer.
 * 1983: ABC 800 an enhanced office and home computer, 32 KB RAM, also based on Z80, with color graphics.
 * 1983: ABC 802 a variant of ABC 800 with 64 KB RAM whereof 32 KB were used as a RAM disk.
 * 1983: ABC 806 a variant of ABC 800 with 160 KB RAM whereof 128 were used as a RAM disk.

Peripherals

 * 1982: ABC 838 – 2× 8-inch 1 MB floppy drive
 * 1982: ABC 830 – 2× 5.25-inch 160 kB floppy drive
 * 1982: ABC 890 – 8× ABC-bus slot expansion
 * 1982: ABC 815 – 14-inch monochrome screen
 * 1983: ABC 812 – 14-inch colour screen
 * 1983: ABC 850 – 10 MB hard disc and 640 kB floppy disc as well as 8× ABC-bus slots
 * 1984: ABC 834 – 2× 5.25-inch 640 kB floppy drive, compact version. Introduction price at 12000 SEK.
 * 1985: ABC 1656 – 40–80 MB hard disc and tape drive for backup
 * 1985: ABC 1615 – 1024 × 768 pixel screen
 * ABC 820 – Compact Cassette storage (for ABC 80)
 * ABC 821 – Compact Cassette storage (for ABC 80, 800, 802)
 * ABC 22 – Function and numeric-only keyboard
 * ABC-55 – Keyboard
 * ABC-77 – Keyboard
 * ABC-99 – Keyboard
 * ABC R8 – Mouse
 * LUX-NET – 50 computer, 1000-meter range, 500 kbit/s, EIA-422 external networking adapter

UNIX computers
In 1983, DIAB independently developed the first UNIX-compatible machine, DIAB DS90, based on the Motorola 68000 CPU. DNIX here made its appearance, based on a UNIX System V license from AT&T. DIAB was however an industrial automation company, and needed a real-time operating system, so the company replaced the AT&T-supplied UNIX kernel with their own in-house developed, yet compatible real-time variant. Over time, the company also replaced several of the UNIX standard userspace tools with their own implementations, to the point where no code was derived from UNIX, and their machines could be deployed independently of any AT&T UNIX license. Two years later and in cooperation with Luxor, a computer called ABC 1200 was developed for the office market, while in parallel, DIAB continue to produce enhanced versions of the DS90 computer using newer versions of the Motorola CPUs such as the Motorola 68010, 68020, 68030 and eventually 68040. In 1990, after DIAB was acquired by Groupe Bull, who continued to produce and support the DS machines under the brand name DIAB, with names such as DIAB 2320, DIAB 2340 etc., still running DIABs version of DNIX.
 * 1985: ABC 1600 a personal computer running ABCenix
 * 1985: ABC 9000 really a DS90 in disguise, running DNIX
 * 1985: beginning of the DS90-line
 * DS90-00, DS90-10, DS90-11, Motorola 68010-based UNIX servers intended for use via terminals
 * DS90-20, DS90-21, quad Motorola 68020-based computers
 * DS90-30, DS90-30S, DS90-31, dual Motorola 68030-based computers
 * DS101, actually a DS90-31 with exterior design by pop-artist Richard Hamilton
 * DS90-41, DS90-45, DS90-47, Motorola 68040-based computers
 * the DIAB line; these are actually partly rebranded DSnn-computers:
 * DIAB2320, DIAB2340, Motorola 68030-based sequels to the DS90-31
 * DIAB2420, DIAB2440, DIAB2450, Motorola 68040-based sequels to the DS90-47
 * DIAB9030, DIAB9031 – even later computers of unknown construction
 * OEM products based on DIAB UNIX computers:
 * Dynatech Computer Systems (Cromemco) DCS-1/200: based on DS90-30. The Cromix UNIX dialect used in these systems is likewise simply a rebranded DNIX.
 * Dynatech Computer Systems (Cromemco) DCS-1/300: based on DS90-31
 * Dynatech Computer Systems (Cromemco) DCS-1/400
 * Dynatech Computer Systems (Cromemco) DCS-4/300: based on DIAB2450
 * Dynatech Computer Systems (Cromemco) DCS-4/400: based on DS90-41
 * Ohio Scientific – this company is known to have made at least one OEM computer based on DS90-00 hardware, model number(s) unknown.
 * Norsk Data – also made a DS90-00 OEM computers, likewise details unknown.
 * ISC Systems Corporation DNP-10: based on DS90-10

title: Dataindustrier AB


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Talk:Naughty chair

This article looks rather POV to me. Though I am not a child psychologist and I don't want to argue, I think that this article is one-sided and negative about the naugty chair. The article states all disadvantages of this diciplinary method but no advantages. It is not wrong to state the disadvantages, but list the advantages as well. Dividing the article into a lead and chapters about the workings of the method, the advantages of the method and the disadvantages of the method would also made the article more readable. Opinions about the naughty chair can be stated on specific forums on internet sites dealing with parenting; Wikipedia wants to be a neutral encyclopedia and is not a forum. I hope that the author of this article and other Wikipedians will state their reactions. --84.26.109.69 13:23, 26 August 2005 (UTC)

This could be deleted altogether and redirected to http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Child_time-out
 * I concur for deletion. (edit: Marked for deletion) grafikm_fr 18:55, 2 April 2006 (UTC)

I am studying child psychology currently and I can confirm that this is indeed a one sided and opinionated view of the issue. -- Jonnie

Since its deletion nomination, the article was nicely rewritten and the vote decided to keep it. Kudos to SilkTork for his work! grafikm_fr 14:25, 8 April 2006 (UTC)

title: Talk:Naughty chair


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The Meteor

The Meteor was an internal newspaper written, edited, printed and published by the patients of the Alabama Insane Hospital, soon renamed as the Bryce Hospital after superintendent Dr. Peter Bryce, from 1872 to 1881.

History
It was originally intended for the benefit of the patients and to explain the practical operation of the institution to its patrons. Later, it was used to inform the friends and patrons of the hospital, state newspaper editors, and state legislators of the condition and purposes of the hospital. In 1873 the editors of the American Journal of Insanity noted that the Meteor was only the third paper edited and printed by patients in an insane asylum in the United States. The other two newspapers were The Opal, written and published by the patients of the New York State Lunatic Asylum at Utica and another entitled the Asylum Journal, published by the patients at the Vermont State Hospital in Brattleboro.

Although Dr. Bryce boasted of the paper as his institution's "remarkable enterprise", he did not himself take part in it.

The Meteor's editor replied to accusations that the true editor of the paper was the superintendent by saying that although "as in the United States we have a troop of the craziest sane folks the world ever knew, so also we can boast some of the sanest crazy ones", who were responsible for the paper. The "sanest crazy" folk conducted this "remarkable enterprise," providing lucid and readable prose and a nearly unique window into a mental hospital which was, at and for that time, surprisingly progressive.

title: The Meteor


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Wikipedia:Today's second feature/August 27, 2005

Today's featured picture
Gas metal arc welding is a semi-automatic or automatic arc welding process that utilizes a welding gun through which a continuous and consumable wire electrode and a shielding gas is fed. A constant voltage, direct current power source is most commonly used with GMAW, but constant current systems, as well as alternating current, can be used. It was originally developed for welding aluminum in the 1940s, but its high welding speed has led to its use in welding steel, especially in industries such as the automobile industry.

Photo credit: William M. Plate Jr., USAF


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Henry Field (anthropologist)

Henry Field (December 15, 1902 – January 4, 1986) was an American anthropologist and archaeologist.

Early life
Field was born in Chicago, a great nephew of the merchant Marshall Field and a great nephew of Barbour Lathrop. His parents' marriage did not last long, and his mother, Minna Field, married secondly Algernon Burnaby of Baggrave Hall, Hungarton, Leicestershire, England, where Field grew up. He was educated at Sunningdale, Eton, and Oxford (B.A., 1925; M.A., 1930; D.Sc., 1937).

Early career
After being awarded his first degree, Field moved back to Chicago in 1926 to begin working for the Field Museum of Natural History in Chicago as assistant curator of physical anthropology. Field's first participation in an expedition was in the University of Oxford/Field Museum excavation of Kish. His work included 5000 photographs of the excavations and portraits of the modern villagers.

Beginning in the late 1920s the Field Museum began planning for the upcoming Chicago World's Fair. Field supervised the creation of two permanent exhibitions. The "Hall of Prehistoric Man" had nine full-size dioramas of early life augmented by artifacts collected by Field. The "Hall of the Races of Mankind" had over 100 full sized sculptures of different races by the renowned sculptor Malvina Hoffman. The exhibitions were ready on time for the opening of the fair on 30 May 1933.

In 1934, Field was promoted to Head Curator of physical anthropology. One important acquisition Field made for the Museum was "Magdalenian Girl" which is still on display today and remains the most complete Upper Paleolithic skeleton available for study in North America. Field went back to Iraq in 1934 and made anthropometric surveys of Marsh Arabs, Shammar bedouins, and Kurds.

World War II
In 1941, just before America's entry into the Second World War, Field was asked to be the "Anthropologist to the President" by president Roosevelt and to be a member of the Special Intelligence Unit of the White House to direct a top-secret "M" ("M" for migration) project. The President believed that refugee migration and re-settlement in areas where they would be given asylum and be able to thrive would be one of the biggest issues of the post-war era. He wanted Field to look at under-populated areas in North Africa and the Middle East as possible sites for their resettlement. Over 600 studies were produced. Complete sets are held in several libraries including the Franklin D. Roosevelt Library at Hyde Park, NY and the University of Miami.

Later career
Field was a Research Fellow at the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology at Harvard University from 1950 to 1969. He was a member of the University of California African Expedition (1947–48), and the Peabody Museum- Harvard Expedition to the Near East and Pakistan. He moved to Coconut Grove, Florida, in the early 1950s and taught at the University of Miami, beginning in 1966. Doubleday published his autobiography, The Track of Man, in 1952. In Coconut Grove he ran Field Research Projects, a publisher of scientific and educational materials. His third wife, Julia Allen Field was a lion trainer, zoo director, and environmental planner in Columbia. Field's two daughters are Mariana Field Hoppin, of New York, and Juliana Field, of Framingham, Massachusetts. He died in Coral Gables, Florida, in 1986.

The Special Collections department of the University of Miami library holds 35 boxes of the papers of Henry Field relating to the "M" project and several archaeology expeditions. In 2004-2005 The Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology at Harvard University put on an exhibition titled Field Photography, 1934, The Marsh Arabs of Iraq. This consisted of photographs taken during the Field Museum's Near East Expedition led by Henry Field in 1934. The world's attention was focused on the Marsh Arabs when Saddam Hussein began a genocide against these people in 1991 but after the end of the Iraq War they have begun coming back.

Legacy
Henry Field is commemorated in the scientific name of a Middle Eastern viper, Pseudocerastes fieldi.

Publications (partial)

 * 1927-1930. Captain Marshall Field  Expedition  to  Western  Europe. Chicago: Field Museum of Natural History.
 * 1929. with O.C. Farrington. Neanderthal (Mousterian) Man. Chicago: Field Museum of Natural History
 * 1933. The Races of Mankind. An introduction to Chauncey Keep Memorial Hall. Chicago: Field Museum of Natural History
 * 1935. Arabs of Central Iraq, Their History, Ethnology and Physical Characteristics. Chicago: Field Museum of Natural History.
 * 1939. Contributions to the Anthropology of Iran. Chicago: Field Museum Press. 2 vols. Available as an e-book on the Internet Archive.
 * 1948. Contributions to the Anthropology of the Soviet Union. Washington, DC.: Smithsonian Institution.
 * 1949. The anthropology of Iraq. Chicago: Field Museum of Natural History.
 * 1952. The Track of Man. New York: Doubleday. Reissued as a mass market paperback, revised and abridged by the author, in 1967 by Dell, New York.
 * 1952. Contributions to the anthropology of the Faiyum, Sinai, Sudan [and] Kenya. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
 * 1956. Ancient and Modern Man in Southwestern Asia. Coral Gables: University of Miami Press.
 * 1959. An Anthropological Reconnaissance in West Pakistan, 1955. Cambridge, MA: Peabody Museum.

Literature

 * Redman, Samuel J. Bone Rooms: From Scientific Racism to Human Prehistory in Museums, Cambridge: Harvard University Press. 2016.

title: Henry Field (anthropologist)


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Colonial Cup (rugby union)

The Colonial Cup (named after sponsors The Colonial National Bank) is a defunct rugby union football competition that was played in Fiji between 2004 and 2008. The Colonial Cup was Fiji's first attempt at a professional rugby competition, but it did not draw sufficient crowds and ceased after five seasons.

History
In 2004, with the gap between provincial rugby in Fiji and test rugby at an unacceptable level, the Fiji Rugby Union introduced a brand new, streamlined competition to identify and prepare local players for the international stage. The 30-odd provincial unions were grouped into four franchises along geographical lines. Players not selected for one team could be picked up by one of the others. Players were paid £40 a week plus lodgings.

The new competition started on 3 April 2004 and finished 22 May 2004 in time for the international test window. The four teams played a round-robin followed by semi-finals and a grand final. The Coastal Stallions held off a late rally from the Suva Highlanders to claim the inaugural Colonial Cup 26-21

In 2005 an extra team was added, Northern Sharks, made of players from Vanua Levu, Taveuni and Ovalau. Previously the Northern Division had belonged to the Suva franchise. Suva Highlanders won the Grand final with a 35-27 win over Western Crusaders.

In 2006, with the introduction of a Super 14 style tournament called the Pacific Rugby Cup, the void in the Pacific Island competition pathway between club or provincial rugby in the respective islands and Test rugby was on its way to being filled. Coastal Stallions defeated Suva Highlanders 29-15 in a tough encounter to clinch the 2006 title.

Bligh Roosters joined the 2007 competition, Western Crusaders gave up Tavua, Vatukoula, Ba and Ra to the new franchise.

It was announced in 2008 that the competition would cease due to not achieving its player performance aims and low crowds.

Structure
Fiji’s best 150 players are divided up into 6 professionally run franchises. These franchises play each other over 10 weeks culminating in a semi-final and final. The league uses 4 points for a win; 2 for a draw; 1 bonus point for scoring four or more tries in a match; 1 bonus point for losing by 7 points or less. The top four teams then proceed to the semi-finals.

Franchises
Tavua, Vatukoula, Ba, Ra
 * Bligh Roosters

 * Coastal Stallions

Nadroga-Navosa, Namosi, Serua and Malolo

 * Northern Sharks

Vanua Levu, Taveuni, Ovalau, and Island Zone

 * Suva Highlanders

Suva, Naitasiri, Kadavu

 * Tailevu Knights

Tailevu, Northland, and Rewa

 * Western Crusaders

Lautoka, Nadi, and Yasawa

Past winners

 * 2004 Coastal Stallions
 * 2005 Suva Highlanders
 * 2006 Coastal Stallions
 * 2007 Coastal Stallions
 * 2008 Western Crusaders

title: Colonial Cup (rugby union)