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Milborne Port

Milborne Port is a village, electoral ward and civil parish in Somerset, England, east of Sherborne, and in the South Somerset district. It has a population of 2,802. The parish includes the hamlets of Milborne Wick and Kingsbury Regis.

The village is surrounded by green fields and countryside on the banks of the River Gascoigne, a tributary of the River Ivel or River Yeo.

The village has a primary school, which occupies the site of the former infant school. The junior school was closed and all pupils and staff moved to the infant site. In 2006 a new three-classroom extension was opened.

History
The nearby Laycock Railway Cutting is the best single exposure of the Bathonian ’Fuller's Earth Rock' in South Somerset. Ammonites indicating the Morrisi and Subcontractus zones of the Middle Bathonian are frequent. Miller's Hill is a geological Site of Special Scientific Interest which is an important and historically famous locality for studies of Middle Jurassic (Bajocian) stratigraphy and palaeontology.

Prehistoric features and finds have been located on the Iron Age hill fort on Barrow Hill, in the north of the parish.

In the Saxon period Milborne Port was important as a mint town, between 997 and 1035. It is one of at least nineteen mint towns which were neither an Alfredian borough nor an eleventh-century shire town, but a minster site. The market was the most profitable in Somerset in 1086, and the town was eighth in the county tax collection in 1340.

The "port" in the towns name signifies an important market town and was first recorded in 1249. The parish was part of the hundred of Horethorne.

Milborne Port Town Hall, which was commissioned as a market house, was completed in 1720. In 1770, the town hall was the site of events involving an exploding squib at the local fair that would result in a landmark case for the development of modern tort (personal injury) law. The case of Scott v. Shepherd helped establish the principles of remoteness, foreseeability, and intervening cause in modern common law torts. Shepherd tossed a lit squib into a crowded market in the town, where it landed on the table of a gingerbread merchant named Yates. Willis, a bystander, grabbed the squib and threw it across the market to protect himself and the gingerbread. Unfortunately, the squib landed in the goods of another merchant named Ryal. Ryal immediately grabbed the squib and tossed it away, accidentally hitting Scott in the face just as the squib exploded. The explosion put out one of Scott's eyes. Shepherd was found to be fully liable, because, said De Gray CJ, "I do not consider [the intermediaries] as free agents in the present case, but acting under a compulsive necessity for their own safety and self-preservation."

In 1805, the town was described as follows:

 * "MILBORN PORT, (Som.) bor. dist. from London 113 m. 7 f. [furlongs] situated on a branch of the river Parret, and may be considered as divided into three parts, viz. Milborn Port, Kingsbury Regis, and Milborn Wyke; however, the borough and Kingsbury lie in many places promiscuously intermixed together, both in the main town, and at Milborn Wyke; Milborn Wyke being as a village 1 m. N.... In Kingsbury is an annual court-baron held, wherein lord's rents are paid, presentments are made, and a constable, tythingman, and hayward, are appointed, for the year ensuing... Number of actual voters, 9, nominally 114. The church has a square tower, 6 bells, a clock, and chimes; one dissenting meeting-house, and upwards of 1000 inhabitants. The manufactures are dowlas, tick, white baize, linsey, stockings, and shoes. No market, but is supposed to have had one formerly. Fairs, 5 June, and 23 Oct., for cattle and toys. The post is despatched to Sherborne every day at 1 o'clock, and one arrives from thence at the same hour. Near it, on the left, is the seat of William Coles Medlecot, esq."

Under the Reform Act 1832, the town lost its status as a Parliamentary constituency, due to the gerrymandering activities of both parties in preceding elections.

In April 1873 a local Shepherd, William Osmond was victimised and sent to jail with six months hard labour for organising agricultural labourers in the area (inspired by George Mitchell, Somerset leader of the National Agricultural Labourers Union). On his release in January 1874 over 2,000 supporters marched through Milborne Port in his support. The farmer Charles Bugg, who victimised Osmond, died it is said of "shame" in January 1874 (Source: One from the Plough — George Mitchell)

The village was a thriving leather and leather glove manufacturing area. In 1826, The Earl of Ilchester presented a petition to Parliament for them, against the importation of leather. The last factory closed in 1970.

Ven House with its orangery, entrance gateway, pavilions, terrace, stabling & other outbuildings was built in 1730 by Richard Grange and Decimus Burton. It is a grade I listed building.

Governance
The parish council has responsibility for local issues, including setting an annual precept (local rate) to cover the council's operating costs and producing annual accounts for public scrutiny. The parish council evaluates local planning applications and works with the local police, district council officers, and neighbourhood watch groups on matters of crime, security, and traffic. The parish council's role also includes initiating projects for the maintenance and repair of parish facilities, as well as consulting with the district council on the maintenance, repair, and improvement of highways, drainage, footpaths, public transport, and street cleaning. Conservation matters (including trees and listed buildings) and environmental issues are also the responsibility of the council.

The village falls within the non-metropolitan district of South Somerset, which was formed on 1 April 1974 under the Local Government Act 1972, having previously been part of Wincanton Rural District. The district council is responsible for local planning and building control, local roads, council housing, environmental health, markets and fairs, refuse collection and recycling, cemeteries and crematoria, leisure services, parks, and tourism.

Somerset County Council is responsible for running the largest and most expensive local services such as education, social services, libraries, main roads, public transport, policing and fire services, trading standards, waste disposal and strategic planning.

It is also part of the Somerton and Frome county constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election.

Church
The cruciform church of Church of St John the Evangelist is of late Anglo-Saxon date and parts may well span the Norman conquest. The chancellor Regimbald (a survivor from Edward's reign into William's) rebuilt his Minster at Milborne Port in "a sumptuous hybrid style". It would seem logical to assign the now-demolished nave to this period, since the surviving south doorway of the nave was incorporated into the 1860s rebuild and is perhaps of Saxo-Norman design.

However, despite the Victorian nave (almost totally rebuilt 1867–69) and accompanying north aisle, there remains the pre-conquest central tower, part transepts and chancel. The south transept was heavily restored in 1843. The north transept was rebuilt along with the nave, so compared to pre-1867 almost half of the Anglo-Saxon church has now gone.

The new nave is 28 ft longer than the original it replaced. The old west front exhibited vestiges of triangular-headed arcading on either side of the inserted Perpendicular west window, and the lower part of the front was divided into compartments, by broad pilasters of plain square section. This was recorded by photography and the photo was published in 1893 by A. Reynolds, who was involved with building the new nave.

The crossing (tower) is wider in plan than the nave, and markedly wider than the transepts or chancel. This is a distinctive Saxon trait, which may also be observed at nearby Sherborne Abbey (where significant traces of the Saxon rubble west wall may be seen, and which include a Saxon doorway in the north aisle). Inside, the four crossing arches with their jambs survive, although the east and west arches have been rebuilt in pointed 14th-century form; the south and north arches have been slightly deformed to elliptical shape due to the pressure of the masonry, perhaps by the addition of the top stage of the tower in Norman times.

The chancel exhibits pilaster strip work, much disturbed and cut by Early English period windows, and has a close parallel at Bradford-on-Avon. The wall thickness of the chancel is 2 ft, which is a typical Anglo-Saxon dimension. The church, with its Anglo-Saxon features, is of major importance to our understanding of the larger minsters in pre-conquest England.

The church has been designated by English Heritage as a Grade I listed building.

A mission church of 1891 serves Milborne Wick.

title: Milborne Port


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User:Greiteler

I am a civil engineer. I supported my PhD thesis on landfill management and operations on June 2003. Currently my research is focused on web based expert systems, decision support systems, risk analysis and risk assessment. I’m member of the ADVISES Research Training Network.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User:Greiteler


text: User talk:85.181.21.107

title: User talk:85.181.21.107


text:
Orford, Suffolk

Orford is a village in Suffolk, England, within the Suffolk Coast and Heaths Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. It is 9 mi east of Woodbridge.

History
Like many Suffolk coastal villages it was of some importance as a port and fishing village in the Middle Ages. It has a mediaeval castle, built to dominate the River Ore and St Bartholomew's Church is Grade I listed. The castle was built as a royal castle built by Henry II in the period 1165-1173 as an assertion of monarchical power in the region. Although the castle became less important after the king's death in 1189, the importance of Orford as a port grew. By 1200 its level of trade exceeded that of nearby Ipswich. Henry III granted Orford its first charter and the town returned a member of parliament in 1298, although it did not function as a constituency throughout the 14th century. Orford Town Hall was completed in 1902.

Local amenities
The population of Orford greatly increases during the summer months, partly due to its flourishing sailing club. In common with other Suffolk coastal towns and villages, a substantial number of properties in Orford are holiday or second homes.

As well as the Castle, Orford's attractions include river cruises, three pubs, a renowned traditional bakery, a smokehouse and a restaurant; the Butley-Orford Oysterage.

Orford was rated as among the "20 most beautiful villages in the UK and Ireland" by Condé Nast Traveler in 2020 and its castle as "worthy of a storybook".

Governance
Historically Orford was an ancient borough institutionalised as Orford Corporation. It returned two members of parliament for the Orford constituency from 1523 to 1832. Considered a rotten borough, this status was revoked by the Municipal Corporation Act of 1883. Orford is part of the electoral ward of Orford and Tunstall. The population of the ward at the 2011 census was 1,830.

Notable people

 * John Kirby was a school master in Orford.

title: Orford, Suffolk


text: User talk:69.211.10.93

title: User talk:69.211.10.93


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Castle Greyhawk

Castle Greyhawk is one of the central dungeon settings in the fictional World of Greyhawk campaign setting for the Dungeons & Dragons roleplaying game. The Castle was originally developed by Gary Gygax, for his own campaign and later detailed for publication. Castle Greyhawk is also the name of a 1988 Dungeons & Dragons adventure module that created a treatment of the Castle for the public to use. In 2005, Gygax announced the release of "Castle Zagyg," his new treatment of the dungeon.

Location
Castle Greyhawk lies north and slightly east of the Free City of Greyhawk, overlooking the Grey Run River. The Free City of Greyhawk is located centrally in the Flanaess, the eastern portion of the continent of Oerik, the greatest of Oerth's four continents.

History of the Castle
The Castle was constructed CY c.320 by the wizard Zagig Yragerne. Known as "The Mad Archmage," Zagig ruled over the Free City of Greyhawk from the Castle for approximately the next 100 years, after which he abandoned the Castle and mysteriously disappeared.

Over the centuries, the Castle's three towers decayed into ruin. The main tower is called the "Tower of Zagig," and the two lesser towers are the "War Tower" and the "Tower of Magic" (alternately "The Power Tower"). An extensive dungeon complex lies below the towers.

In the initial years after the Castle was abandoned, few if any adventurers approached the Castle because of rumors that it lay under a powerful curse. Eventually, a group of Northern barbarians forayed into the area and pillaged a large amount of treasure. The story of their success attracted groups of Dwarves, Elves, and other adventurers to the area, and over time the Castle's dungeons became a major site for adventuring on the Flanaess. The influx of trade, travelers, and treasure associated with this phenomenon has provided significant economic benefits to the nearby City of Greyhawk.

Sometime during this period, Zagig reappeared and managed to imprison the demon lord Fraz-Urb'luu in the dungeons beneath the castle. The fiend was imprisoned there for at least 200 years but was eventually freed by a wizard and a cleric (probably Erac's Cousin and his adventuring companion Ayelerach).

In CY 505, Zagig then captured and imprisoned the evil demigod Iuz in the dungeons beneath the Castle. Iuz was one of nine demigods so trapped, and this accomplishment was instrumental in Zagig's ascension to become the demigod now known as Zagyg. Other deities imprisoned in the dungeon included Merikka, Rudd, and Wastri. The remaining five demigods have never been canonically identified, although the Living Greyhawk Gazetteer states that the nine were of "opposing alignments."

Because Zouken is known to be imprisoned somewhere on the central Flanaess, some believe he was one of the nine deities Zagig trapped at the Castle. Noncanonical lists of the other demigods have been offered by Gary Gygax himself, other early D&D notables such as Robert J. Kuntz, and in various works of fan fiction, although many of these lists cannot be reconciled with the (now canon) "opposing alignments" criteria noted above.

In Expedition to the Ruins of Greyhawk published in 2007, Zuoken was officially confirmed to be one of the canonical deities imprisoned. According to the module, when Iuz was freed, the other gods effected an escape except for Zuoken who remained imprisoned. By the end of the adventure, Zuoken has been freed, Robilar who had been replaced by an evil double is back to his old self, and Castle Greyhawk is now some sort of multi-planar brigadoon.

In CY 570, the warrior Robilar freed Iuz from his prison, and subsequently most or all of the other eight demigods escaped as well.

Note: The 1992 publication From the Ashes (FtA) provides some contradictory dates to those given above. First, it states that construction of the Castle did not begin until CY 375. The adventure module Greyhawk Ruins, however, provides the CY 320 reference for the start of construction. Greyhawk Ruins is both an earlier work and more specifically focused on the Castle itself, and thus would seem to be a more definitive source. Second, FtA suggests both CY 505 and CY 507 as dates for Iuz's initial imprisonment. Given that all other references to Iuz's imprisonment in official game publications use the CY 505 date, the CY 507 anomaly is usually considered to be an error.

The Tower of Magic

 * Surface ruins. The surface ruins are mostly abandoned. They include a temple to Boccob, barracks, storerooms, mess halls, and guest quarters. A large band of kobolds currently dwells in the southern half of this ruin, and elves guard the entrance. During Castle Greyhawk's heyday, the Regalia of Neutrality were evidently stored in the Temple of Boccob here and were the goal of countless pilgrimages. They are now gone, but something of their power still remains. This level is coded P100 in Greyhawk Ruins.
 * Zagig's Gauntlet (P200). This is a twisted maze designed by Zagig to vent his eccentricities, test the mettle of his apprentices, and guard the crypts below.
 * The Ochre Crypts (P300). This level contains the crypts of Zagig's apprentices and family members. Living as he did for hundreds of years, he outlived a lot of people. The stonework is a distinctive ochre hue. Expedition to the Ruins of Greyhawk removed the passageway that led to stairs from the surface ruins, connecting the crypts only to Zagig's Gauntlet.
 * Apprentice's Walk (P400). This level was originally built as dormitories for Zagig's apprentices. For a time this and many other of the levels beneath the Tower of Magic were used for an experiment conducted by the Ring of Five on the impact of magic on the three philosophies of evil. Staircase 2 in the surface ruins has evidently been changed in Expedition to the Ruins of Castle Greyhawk to lead here instead of to the Ochre Crypts, while staircase 4 on this level has evidently been changed to lead from either the surface ruins or Zagig's Gauntlet instead of from the crypts.
 * The Sanctum Arcanum (P500). This level is a complex of classrooms and laboratories.
 * The Vaults of Creation (P600). This level was intended for golem creation and research but was never finished. The map was changed extensively between Greyhawk Ruins and Expedition to the Ruins of Greyhawk, but a few of the rooms match up. P612 matches F12, P601 matches F11, and P602 matches F15, but the destinations of the staircases and tunnels leading from those rooms have been altered or blocked.
 * Master's Walk. These were Zagig's personal workshops and libraries.

Publication history
Gary Gygax designed Castle Greyhawk as a locale for the amusement of his children and friends and as a testing ground for the game of Dungeons & Dragons that he developed with Dave Arneson during 1972/73. Dungeon levels were written at the rate of one per week as those adventures progressed, leading to the original thirteen-level castle.

In those early days there was no "Flanaess" surrounding the castle; Gygax's world map of "Oerth" was simply drawn over a map of North America.

A second version of Castle Greyhawk was developed/created prior to the publication of Dungeons & Dragons by incorporating Rob Kuntz's "El Raja Key" (also commenced in 1972), which had been created to allow Gygax to adventure using his own PCs such as Mordenkainen.

In 1975, TSR, Inc. published the Greyhawk supplement to the original Dungeons & Dragons rules, although this booklet provided no significant detail regarding Castle Greyhawk itself.

Later on, Gygax developed the area around this new version of his castle and Greyhawk City to include new cities and countries as needed, expanding to a surrounding area of around 50 miles mapped in depth and approximately ten times that far in outline form by 1976.

In 1978, TSR began publishing adventure modules set in the World of Greyhawk, although these early adventures did not directly concern the castle. Similarly, TSR's The World of Greyhawk 1980 folio and 1983 World of Greyhawk boxed set provided information regarding the campaign setting at large, but no detail regarding Castle Greyhawk.

Between 1983 and 1985, TSR published three modules linked to Castle Greyhawk. These were the 1983 adventure Dungeonland and its sequel The Land Beyond the Magic Mirror, as well as 1985's Isle of the Ape. All three were originally conceived by Gygax as extra-planar extensions of the dungeons below Castle Greyhawk. As published, however, the modules again provided no information regarding the castle itself or its dungeons.

The castle was first detailed for the general public in 1988 in TSR's adventure Castle Greyhawk. However, as the module was steeped in humor and featured numerous references to 20th-century culture (such as the character the Amazing Drider-Man), most Greyhawk fans consider the module to be a "joke-version" of Castle Greyhawk.

In 1989 The City of Greyhawk boxed set expanded on the detail available for the Free City of Greyhawk and its environs for the second edition D&D rules. The castle itself received only a minor mention.

The castle finally received serious treatment in 1990, when TSR published Greyhawk Ruins, a 128-page adventure that examined the castle in great detail.

In 2005, Troll Lord Games began publishing "Castle Zagyg" in a number of volumes authored by Gary Gygax and Jeffery P. Talanian. The Castle Zagyg series is written for the Castles and Crusades game, an OGL game derived from Dungeons & Dragons. These adventures are based on Gygax's original Castle Greyhawk dungeon design and campaign but are not official D&D materials.

In August 2007, Wizards of the Coast released Expedition to the Ruins of Greyhawk, a 224-page hardcover book that revisits the material from Greyhawk Ruins and updates the site for 3.5 edition D&D rules.

title: Castle Greyhawk


text:
User talk:Ramanpotential

Welcome!

Hello, Ramanpotential, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome!  Thorpe  talk 11:17, 29 August 2005 (UTC)
 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
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Cricket
Ramanpotential,

You seem to be a fellow cricket fan. Would you be interested in signing up as a member of WikiProject Cricket? - It's a great way to discuss and share a mutual interest. The page highlights recently added articles and the talk page has a to-do list. And even more importantly, we desperately need some more Aussies as the Poms think they run the place! If you're interested, just add your name in the participants list and add WP:Cricket to your watch list. Regards -- Ian ≡ talk 14:03, 16 October 2005 (UTC)

Moving pages
Hi there - as a note for future reference, you shouldn't move pages by just copying and pasting the content, as it splits up the edit history between then two pages. Instead, use the move function at the top of the page, which will carry the history with the page. This also works if you want to move a page over an existing redirect, as long as the redirect has no edit history. If there's any page you can't move for some reason, you can put a note at Requested moves and an administrator should be able to do it for you. sjorford #£@%&$?!  09:43, 4 November 2005 (UTC)

Migration watch external link
Hi Ben I followed the link and was disturbed to find a website which was little more than thinly veiled racism. Thats why I added my little note. Check it out. This is why I left Britain and would not advise anyone without blue eyes, blond hair and a London/Essex accent to live there. Only telling the truth, no vandalism involved. Mike

 * Nevertheless, this is an encyclopedia and the website linked to does relate to the article. If you want to criticise the link's inclusion, it's best to do so in the article's talk page, rather than within the article itself. Cheers. Ramanpotential 07:47, 8 February 2006 (UTC)

How to earn a block
If you continue the persistent personal attacks, I can pretty much assure you that you will get blocked before too long. You're welcome to a Humean skepticism about effects following their causes, but I've observed enough correlation to be pretty confident about this. Moreover, the oddly eschewed use of an IP address is moderately bad behavior as well. It's not exactly sock-puppetry, but it leans in that direction. Not sure what you hope to gain from that other than some sort of gamesmanship. Lulu of the Lotus-Eaters 08:58, 26 March 2006 (UTC)

 * Quit your silly threats. I have not personally attacked you, and you know it. And once again, I am not User:58.160.223.124 and you are more than welcome to have that checked into. User:58.160.223.124 seems to be new to Wikipedia and confused about who's talking to who[m]. Ramanpotential 09:08, 26 March 2006 (UTC)

 * Of course not, "192.168.1.3" ... you post from a Private network block rather than using the internet. :-) Lulu of the Lotus-Eaters 18:14, 26 March 2006 (UTC)

 * Yeah I live in a house with three computers and a router. How very sinister. Ramanpotential 22:50, 26 March 2006 (UTC)

 * I'm aware of that; my guess is that rather than logging off this username, you simply haven't logged on with one of the other machines. 192.168.1.3 is not your "IP address", not in the sense you claimed on JKelly's talk page.  The WAN IP address you use is the address the router uses externally—e.g. 58.160.223.124—and translates with NAT to/from your private network address.  That's why I don't indignantly object that 192.168.1.3 is actually my IP address rather than yours :-).  It's OK, you delightful malapropopism was charming enough to add to my list of entertaining quotes. Lulu of the Lotus-Eaters 23:10, 26 March 2006 (UTC)

 * Actually, 58.160.223.124 is the IP address of the user I encouraged to get an account, User:ShowsOn. My current WAN IP is 203.173.21.69. Ramanpotential 23:17, 26 March 2006 (UTC)

Color legibility
I noticed that you tagged the page Color legibility for speedy deletion with the reason "possible original research, certainly lacking in context, unencyclopedic". However, "possible original research, certainly lacking in context, unencyclopedic" is not currently one of our criteria for speedy deletion, so I have removed the speedy deletion tag. You can use one of our other deletion processes, proposed deletion or articles for deletion if you still want the article to be deleted. Thanks! Stifle 14:44, 27 March 2006 (UTC)

Fifth Marian Dogma
Regarding the article Fifth Marian Dogma, which you tagged for speedy deletion with the reason "This article provides no meaningful content or history, and/or the text is unsalvageably incoherent. It is patent nonsense (CSD G1)", I wanted you to know that I have removed the speedy deletion tag. This article does not qualify for speedy deletion because it is not actually patent nonsense, please see WP:PN for what actually qualifies as patent nonsense. If you still want the article to be deleted, please use the WP:PROP process. Thanks! Stifle 14:54, 27 March 2006 (UTC)

 * Are we reading the same article? :-) Thanks, though, I will put up a prop but judging by the author's zealousness I don't think it will last long.  Ramanpotential (talk | contribs) 22:45, 27 March 2006 (UTC)

 * Ben, hi -- I've rewritten Fifth Marian Dogma because I believe it is a notable concept but I agree, the article needed wikification and context. Have a look!  --Lockley 23:23, 28 March 2006 (UTC)

 * Wow! Truly outstanding work. :-) -- Ramanpotential (talk | contribs) 00:56, 29 March 2006 (UTC)

Wikipedia_talk:Censorship
A watered-down version of the proposed policy against censorship is now open for voting. Will you kindly review the policy and make your opinions known? Thank you very much.Loom91 18:15, 5 April 2006 (UTC)

Reminder...
When using template tags on talk pages, don't forget to substitute with text by adding subst: to the template tag. For example, use {{subst:test}} instead of {{test}}. This reduces server load and prevents accidental blanking of the template. — Ian Manka Talk to me‼ 22:45, 14 May 2006 (UTC)

Meetup on 24th August 2006
Apologies if you're already aware of this, but the Inaugural Adelaide Meetup will take place on Thursday 24th of August at Brougham Place Uniting Church, thanks to Alex Sims. Please indicate if you will attend or not.

This message left by May the Force be with you! Shr e shth91 ($ |-| ŗ 3 $ |-| ţ |-|) on behalf of [ælfəks], 10:07, 13 August 2006 (UTC)

Meetup on 23rd April 2007
Hi Raman,

Apologies if you're already aware of this, but I'd like to let you know that the second Adelaide Meetup will take place on Monday 23rd of April at ZUMA Caffe, 56 Gouger Street, Adelaide. The meeting is at 7:30am for breakfast with Wikipedia founder Jimbo Wales. Please see Meetup/Adelaide/Meetup 2 for more details and indicate if you might attend.

Thanks,–cj | talk 13:51, 23 March 2007 (UTC) NB: The above message is being delivered to users who are listed at WikiProject Adelaide or in Category:Wikipedians in South Australia with AutoWikiBrowser.

Fair use rationale for Image:Nelson.png
Thanks for uploading or contributing to Image:Nelson.png. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is not a suitable explanation or rationale as to why each specific use in Wikipedia constitutes fair use. Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale.

If you have uploaded other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on those pages too. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any non-free media lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.  AC Best  My Contributions  Autograph Book  19:54, 26 July 2007 (UTC)

Adelaide Wikimeetup 3
Hi Ben - we're planning a third meetup in Adelaide sometime in the coming weeks, and would love to have you there. If you can, please help decide a location, a date and a time here. Thanks!

Adelaide Wikimeetup 3
Hi Ramanpotential - after some planning we've decided to hold the third Adelaide Wikimeetup on Sunday, 17th February, 2008. The meeting will be held at Billy Baxter's in Rundle Mall at 11:30AM. Further details and directions are available on the meetup page. Please RSVP here by 20:00UTC on 15th February 2008 (that's 6AM Saturday for our time zone) so that we can inform the restaurant about numbers. Hope to see you there!

You are receiving this message because you are in Category:Wikipedians in South Australia or are listed at WP:ADEL. If this has been sent in error, please accept our apologies!

On behalf of Riana ⁂, 11:29, 5 February 2008 (UTC)

File:SupportDenmark.png listed for deletion
A file that you uploaded or altered, File:SupportDenmark.png, has been listed at Files for deletion. Please see the to see why this is (you may have to search for the title of the image to find its entry), if you are interested in it not being deleted. Calliopejen1 (talk) 17:08, 30 January 2011 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 13:09, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
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Fair Use in Australia discussion
As an Australian Wikipedian, your opinion is sought on a proposal to advocate for the introduction of Fair Use into Australian copyright law. The discussion is taking place at the Australian Wikipedians' notice board, please read the proposal and comment there. MediaWiki message delivery MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 11:08, 2 March 2017 (UTC)

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"Adwaita (the tortoise)" listed at Redirects for discussion
An editor has asked for a discussion to address the redirect Adwaita (the tortoise). Since you had some involvement with the Adwaita (the tortoise) redirect, you might want to participate in the redirect discussion if you wish to do so. Sun Creator(talk) 17:36, 25 October 2019 (UTC)

Adelaide Meetup 22 – Friday 6 March 2020
WikiProject Adelaide Meetup 22 has been hastily arranged, spread the word!

DATE: Friday 6 March 2020

TIME: 5.00–6.30 pm

VENUE: Cafe Amore, 162-170 Pulteney St, Adelaide

Celebrate the long weekend with a meet-up and discuss what you'd like to see in the world of Wikimedia in 2020. Sign-up and RSVP here.

Sent by MediaWiki message delivery (talk) on behalf of WikiProject Adelaide at 22:16, 5 March 2020 (UTC). You received this message because your user page is in Category:Wikipedians in South Australia. If you do not wish to receive future notifications, please advise Wikipedia talk:Meetup/Adelaide.

title: User talk:Ramanpotential


text:
Bletchingley

Bletchingley (historically "Blechingley") is a village in Surrey, England. It is on the A25 road to the east of Redhill and to the west of Godstone, has a conservation area with medieval buildings and is mostly on a wide escarpment of the Greensand Ridge, which is followed by the Greensand Way.

History
The village lay within the Anglo-Saxon administrative division of Tandridge hundred.

The settlement appears in the Domesday Book of 1086 as Blachingelei. It was held by Richard de Tonebrige. Its Domesday assets were: 3 hides; 14 ploughs, 17 acre of meadow, woodland worth 58 hogs. Also 7 houses in London and Southwark. It rendered (in total): £15 13s 4d.

In 1225 there is mention of Bletchingley as a borough. In the Middle Ages a borough was created by either the King or a Lord as a potentially profitable element in the development of their estates.

It appears that after the 14th century Bletchingley began to lose its importance as a borough, perhaps losing out to the market town of Reigate to the west. The village retained its status as a parliamentary borough and elected two members to the unreformed House of Commons. By the time of the Industrial revolution, it had become a rotten borough. Parliamentary elections were held from 1733 in what is now the White Hart inn: a book in 1844 notes this and that 8 to 10 people voted, as well as a sale of the manor for a very disproportionate sum of £60,000 in 1816.

Historic buildings
The house at Place Farm formed the gatehouse of Bletchingley Place: a great Tudor house, which was given to Anne of Cleves after her marriage to Henry VIII was annulled.

There are nine buildings that date back to the 16th century in the clustered area of the village around its High Street of 90 or so houses.

"Sandhills" was built in 1893 by Mervyn Macartney in free Tudor style, and is protected under UK law with Grade II listing. It is the former home of Geoffrey FitzClarence, 5th Earl of Munster and his wife, Hilary FitzClarence, Countess of Munster, aka musician Hilary Wilson, founder of the Countess of Munster Musical Trust.

Amenities
The nearest railway station, Nutfield, is about 2 mi away in South Nutfield.

Bletchingley is architecturally and topologically distinct: the central part of the village is a conservation area with several buildings timber-framed from the late Middle Ages and the village is set in a designated area of outstanding natural beauty (AONB). The Greensand Way runs fairly centrally through the parish, immediately south of the main village street which is part of the A25 road.

Church
St Mary the Virgin Church is just north of the crossroads of the village. Four of the monuments in the churchyard are listed at Grade II, all of them tombs. The reasons for its Grade I listing are:
 * 11th-century tower (ironstone rubble with ashlar dressings); north arcade and south chancel chapel 13th century with 15th-century alterations
 * North aisle by Rohde Hawkins, 1856
 * Renewed upper stage of tower by Baker-King in 1910
 * Elaborate/Romantic 19th-century aisle windows
 * Perpendicular style windows
 * Gargoyles to the angles.
 * Three-light head window to chancel chapel associated with Roger the Hermit of Bletchingley
 * Stone human head stops to hood moulding of west door
 * Renewed south door under 15th-century roll-moulded surround in rich battlemented and crocketed Perpendicular porch.

Warwick Wold
Warwick Wold is a hamlet immediately southeast of the M25 motorway/M23 motorway interchange and separated by a green buffer from Bletchingley by Lower Pendell Farm, which holds in one of its fields ruins of a Roman house, Lake Farm and Brewer Street Farm.

Pendell House, Pendell Court, and the Old Manor House
Pendell House was designed for Richard Glydd by Inigo Jones to a symmetrical plan. On one of the chimney stacks is the date 1636. Glydd died in 1665, and his grandson John, an MP for Blechingley, came into possession. He died without issue in 1689, and his mother and sister Ann Glydd sold the house to Andrew Jelf, who was succeeded by Captain Andrew Jelf, R.N. His daughters sold it to Joseph Seymour Biscoe in 1803 and he sold to John G. W. Perkins in 1811. On the intestate death of his son John Perkins in 1846 it was the share of his sister, who left it to her sister's grandson Jarvis Kenrick, who lived there in 1911. This is a Grade I listed building, the highest category of architectural listing in the country.

Directly opposite the main road is George Holman's 1624-built larger Pendell Court, built of red brick with stone mullioned windows and tiled roof, marble fireplaces and woodwork. It is now used as a private school.

Backing on to the school along the same partly paved street is a 16th-century house, brown-brick clad, timber framed, refronted in those bricks and extended in the 18th century, with Grade II* listing, known as the Manor House. Above this is a stone coped parapet partially obscuring a plain tiled roof with stone coped gables.

Brewerstreet or Brewer Street
Only 0.6 mi north of the village, reached by the road at the east end of the churchyard, is Brewerstreet Farm and the old Rectory, parts of which date from the end of the 17th century. The house is a two-storey, partly slate-roofed structure that underwent a complete transformation about the middle of the 18th century. In one of the upper rooms is a stone fireplace with a moulded four-centred head and jambs. Grade II listed, the house has three diagonal 17th century chimney stacks to the old left section at the point where it meets the new. In keeping, its central doubled glazed doors has a Doric fluted pilaster (column) surround under flat porch hood.

Brewerstreet Farm is a Grade I listed building house, part 15th century, part Tudor; alterations and extension in 1850; further restoration in the 20th century. Close stud timber framed on a brick plinth with rendered infill, the roof is hipped of Horsham stone, with three symmetrically chimney stacks. A former medieval hall house, it has gabled end cross wings with jettied first floors, curly bargeboards and moulded dragon posts to stairwell corners.

Demography and housing
The average level of accommodation in the region composed of detached houses was 28%, the average that was apartments was 22.6%.

The proportion of households in the civil parish who owned their home outright compares to the regional average of 35.1%. The proportion who owned their home with a loan compares to the regional average of 32.5%. The remaining % is made up of rented dwellings (plus a negligible % of households living rent-free).

Governance
There is one representative on Surrey County Council, Chris Farr of the Independent group whose extensive ward is called Godstone. There are three representatives on Tandridge District Council:

There is also a parish council with 9 members.

Notes and references

 * Notes
 * References

title: Bletchingley


text:
Dhyan Singh

Dhyan Singh is the name of:

 * Dhian Singh, Dogra prime minister of Maharaja Ranjit Singh of Lahore
 * Dhyan Chand (1905–1979), Indian field hockey player

title: Dhyan Singh


text:
Graduated neutral-density filter

A graduated neutral-density filter, also known as a graduated ND filter, split neutral-density filter, or just a graduated filter, is an optical filter that has a variable light transmission. Typically half of the filter is of neutral density which transitions, either abruptly or gradually, into the other half which is clear. It is used to bring an overly-bright part of a scene into the dynamic range of film or sensor. For example, it can be used to darken a bright sky so that both the sky and subject can be properly exposed. ND filters can come in a variety of shapes and sizes and densities and can be used in all types of photographic applications from still photography, motion photography and scientific applications.

Center-spot filters are ND graduated filters that are slightly opaque in the center and are clear at edges. These are used for special effects or to compensate for light falloff that is natural with large optics.

History

Graduated filters were used in the early twentieth century, for example for darkening skies in landscape photos. One advertised brand was called the "Lifa graduated filters for sky, cloud, and landscape photography". These "sky filters" were not necessarily neutral, since they were used for black-and-white photography, and sometimes used a yellow top half to darken blue skies more. In a discussion at the Royal Photographic Society in 1910, some "debatants" held the use of such "graduated color screens" to be quite limited.

In more modern times, the use of graduated ND filters was popularized by Galen Rowell. Singh-Ray sold them as "The Singh-Ray set of 4 Galen Rowell Graduated Neutral-Density Filters."

Although its importance may have lessened with the advent of the modern digital darkroom, graduated ND filters are still an important tool for professionals because a digital sensor that is clipping ("blown out" or "washed out") captures no usable data in the clipped area, an effect which cannot be corrected with later processing because data has been lost.

Types

The filter comes in many types but can be separated into two basic categories:
 * Hard edge
 * Soft edge

A hard edge is used when there is an abrupt change in brightness, such as a field with a horizon to a bright sky. A soft edge is a wider, smoother change from light to dark. This is used when the light and dark portions are not distinctly separated, such as a mountain and sky. A soft edge filter is less noticeable than a hard edge. It also has the benefit of making the sky more intense, darkening the sky the closer on the top. Below is a picture of what a hard edge and soft edge filter would look like.

Multi-shoots high dynamic range
As an alternative to split graduated neutral density filters, some digital cameras offer built-in high-dynamic-range imaging (HDR) which allow the camera to capture and then combine different exposures of the same subject matter when shooting in RAW image format.

However, as long as a sufficiently short exposure time is available, it is possible to exactly mimic the effect of a graduated neutral density filter by using two exposures of the same scene one or several stops apart and blending them with a graduated mask in an image editor. This method has the advantage that the shape of the mask can be freely defined in editing. The disadvantage is that it only works with static subjects using a tripod.

title: Graduated neutral-density filter


text:
Khizar Humayun Ansari

Khizar Humayun Ansari OBE is a British academic who was awarded an OBE in 2002 for his work in the field of race and ethnic relations. He is the director of the Centre for Minority Studies, at the University of London. Ansari's research focuses on the history of Islam, minorities in South Asia, and the experience of Muslims living in Western nations.

Family
Ansari was born in Sukkur, Sindh and migrated to the United Kingdom. He is married to professor and South Asian historian Sarah Ansari, and has two sons, test cricketer, Zafar Ansari and first class cricketer Akbar Ansari. Ansari is of Pakistani descent.

Selected publications

 *  'The Infidel Within', the History of Muslims in Britain, 1800 to the Present, C. Hurst Publishers, 2004
 * Processes of institutionalisation of Islam in England and Wales, Muslims in Europe: From the Margin to the Centre Edited by Jamal Malik, LIT Verlag, Munster, 2004
 * Muslims in Britain, Minority Rights Group, 2002
 * The Woking Mosque: A Case Study of Muslim Engagement with British Society since 1889, Immigrants and Minorities, Vol. 21, No. 3, November 2002, pp.1-24 Published by Frank Cass, London
 *  'Breaking the Mould', in Cracking the Culture Club, Race Relations and Reform in the Civil Service, Public Service Magazine, FDA, June 2002
 * Attitudes to Islam and Muslims in Britain: 1875 - 1924 Indo-British Review, Millennium issue 2001, pp. 54-78. Britain, India and the Diaspora
 * Negotiating British Muslim Identity. Muslim Identity in the 21st Century: Challenges of Modernity. Edited by M.S. Bahmanpour and H. Bashir Institute of Islamic Studies, 2000
 * The Emergence of Socialist Thought Among North Indian Muslims, 1917 - 1947. Lahore, 1990
 * Employment of Ethnic Minorities in Growth Industries in the Thames Valley, Employment Department, 1988
 * Pan Islam and the Making of Early Muslim Socialists, Modern Asian Studies, vol 20, number 3, 1986
 * Dainty, ARJ, Bagilhole, BM, Ansari, KH & Jackson, J (2004) Creating Equality in the Construction Industry: An Agenda for Change for Women and Ethnic Minorities, Journal of Construction Research, Vol.5, No.1, 75-86.
 * Dainty, ARJ, Bagilhole, BM, Ansari, KH & Jackson, J (2002) 'Diversification of the UK Construction Industry: A Framework For Change', ASCE Journal of Leadership and Management in Engineering
 * Managing Cultural Diversity at Work. Khizar Humayun Ansari and June Jackson Published in the UK, Kogan Page, 1995 Translated and published in Indonesia, Gramedia Pustaka Utama, 1997

title: Khizar Humayun Ansari


text:
User talk:RexyRex

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome!  Thorpe  talk 11:20, 29 August 2005 (UTC)
 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
 * Help pages
 * Tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Manual of Style

title: User talk:RexyRex


text:
Talk:Pilot Butte (Oregon)

False info on article page
The article originally had the line It is one of only two extinct volcanoes located within the boundaries of a city. This is absolute rubbish. There are several cities here in New Zealand with extinct volcanoes within city boundaries, quite a number in Japan, many in Indonesia... even two in Scotland. Did it mean to say one of only two within Oregon, perhaps? Grutness...  wha?  11:20, 29 August 2005 (UTC)

 * No idea, I cleaned up the article based on what was there. Rob Church Talk 17:02, 29 August 2005 (UTC)

 * It's still wrong, because just within Portland are Mt. Tabor, Powell Butte, and Rocky Butte, all of which are extinct volcanoes.  Lnthomp 19:51, 10 September 2006 (UTC)

 * Changed the way the sentence is phrased, and included the other Portland volcanoes. Lnthomp 19:47, 25 September 2006 (UTC)
 * These references are very weak, please provide a citation.  What what counts as a city and who counted the volcanos? --71.59.210.46 (talk) 03:19, 4 January 2012 (UTC)

24.17.68.243 07:01, 26 February 2007 (UTC)Honolulu, Hawaii has a number of extinct volcanoes within its boundaries, including Punchbowl, site of the national cemetery of the Pacific, and Diamond Head. 24.17.68.243 07:01, 26 February 2007 (UTC)

Revisions
I've changed the text to say "Bend is one of only two mainland U.S. cities with extinct volcanoes located within their boundaries", which is closer to the truth.

Also, the infobox said "Range: Maury Mountains". Not true, these mountains are over 40 miles to the east and have nothing to do with Pilot Butte, which is a part of the eastern arc of Cascade volcanoes that includes Newberry Volcano just to the south. So Pilot Butte is part of the Cascade Range, despite being located 25 miles east of the Cascade Crest.

--Seattle Skier 09:32, 13 March 2007 (UTC)

 * Thanks SS for taking the initiative on that. The "only 2 cities" thing is something I hear repeated all over the place (on and off WP), but I've never seen a citation. I think something even more radical might be in order, because it looks like the Boring Lava Field overlaps several cities, and given the number of American and other cities in the "ring of fire", it seems unlikely that no others exist. -Pete 09:53, 13 March 2007 (UTC)

 * Pete, you're right. I've done more editing/enhancing, and I think the first paragraph is now both true and more informative than the prior version.
 * Thanks. --Seattle Skier 19:08, 13 March 2007 (UTC)

"Pilot Butte is also the location from where the Bend 4th of July fireworks are launched.[citation needed]" Okay, maybe a citation is needed, but the fact is correct. 24.21.101.33 (talk) 01:10, 26 March 2008 (UTC)

View
Please create a labeled version of this with the peak names! Tom Ruen (talk) 01:47, 24 May 2017 (UTC)
 * File:BendORPanoramic.jpg

title: Talk:Pilot Butte (Oregon)


text: User talk:69.119.74.121

title: User talk:69.119.74.121


text: User talk:210.23.175.36

title: User talk:210.23.175.36


text:
User:Megapixie/Photographs

Some of the photographs I have contributed to the wikipedia. At the moment I'm releasing all the images into the public domain - you are welcome to use them on your site (whatever it may be) - a photo credit would be nice.

Props to Hurdygurdy for lending me Konica Minolta Maxxum 7D in London.

Currently I'm waving a Canon EOS 5D.

Army Museum Brussels
Canon 5D. 24-105 mm.

Firepower - The Royal Artillery Museum
Canon 5D. Mostly ISO 3200 F5.6 through a 28-300 mm lense.

Imperial War Museum
Pictures taken with Konica Minolta Maxxum 7D.

RAF Museum
Pictures taken with Konica Minolta Maxxum 7D.

Yasukuni Shrine
Fujifilm Finepix.

title: User:Megapixie/Photographs


text:
Elizabeth Reid

Elizabeth Reid may refer to:

 * Elizabeth Anne Reid (born 1942), Australian development practitioner and academic
 * Elizabeth Jesser Reid (1789–1866), English social reformer, founder of Bedford College
 * Elizabeth Julia Reid (1915–1974), Australian journalist and Grail movement leader
 * Elizabeth Reid, Lady Hope (1842–1922), British evangelist
 * Elizabeth Reid (volleyball) (born 1989), British volleyball player

title: Elizabeth Reid


text:
Robert Bertie, 1st Earl of Lindsey

Robert Bertie, 1st Earl of Lindsey KG (16 December 1582 – 24 October 1642), previously (from 1601 to 1626) 14th Baron Willoughby de Eresby was an English peer, soldier and courtier.

Early life
Robert Bertie was the son of Peregrine Bertie, 13th Baron Willoughby de Eresby (b. 12 October 1555 – d. 25 June 1601) and Mary de Vere, daughter of John de Vere, 16th Earl of Oxford, and Margery Golding. Queen Elizabeth I was his godmother, and two of her favourite earls (Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of Leicester, and Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex), whose Christian name he bore, were his godfathers.

He had been part of Essex's expedition to Cádiz, and had afterwards served in the Netherlands, under Maurice of Nassau, Prince of Orange. He was even given temporary command of English forces during the Siege of Rheinberg in the summer of 1601. The long Continental wars throughout the peaceful reign of King James I had been treated by the English nobility as schools of arms, as a few campaigns were considered a graceful finish to a gentleman's education.

He succeeded his father as Baron Willoughby de Eresby in 1601. He was later created Earl of Lindsey on 22 November 1626 and took his title from the northern of the three parts of Lincolnshire, the old Kingdom of Lindsey.

The entrepreneur
The Lindsey Level in The Fens, between the River Glen and The Haven, at Boston, Lincolnshire, was named after the first Earl Lindsey as he was the principal adventurer in its drainage. The drainage work was declared complete in 1638 but the project was neglected with the onset of the Civil War so that the land fell back into its old state. When it was drained again, more than a hundred years later, it was called the Black Sluice Level. There is more information under the article Twenty, Lincolnshire.

The English Civil War
As soon as Lord Lindsey had begun to fear that the disputes between the King, Charles I and Parliament must end in war, he had begun to exercise and train his tenantry in Lincolnshire and Northamptonshire, of whom he had formed a regiment of infantry.

First Siege of Hull
Lord Lindsey accompanied the King in April 1642 as part of a party who tried to negotiate a handover of the magazine at Hull for the King's military use. This handover was turned down by the pro-Parliamentary governor, Sir John Hotham, who expelled the party, causing it to withdraw with the King to York. Early in July, the King returned from York with a force of 3,000 infantry and 1,000 cavalry, intent on besieging the city, now garrisoned by reinforcing Parliamentary troops commanded by Sir John Meldrum, returning to York while leaving Lord Lindsey in command through the siege. Meldrum ordered some effective sorties out of the city, the last of which, on 27 July, blew up the arsenal Lindsey's troops had set up at Anlaby, west of Hull. Lindsey's force, whose cavalry were unsupported by the infantry who had withdrawn to Beverley, gave up the siege after this loss of their munitions and retreated back to York, lifting the siege.

Battle of Edgehill
As Lord Lindsey was a most experienced soldier of 59 years of age at the start of the English Civil War, King Charles I had appointed him General-in-chief of the Royalists for the Battle of Edgehill. However, the King had imprudently exempted the cavalry from Lindsey's command, its general, the King's nephew Prince Rupert of the Rhine, taking orders only from the King. Rupert was only 22 years old, and although an experienced soldier who had fought in the Thirty Years' War, he had not yet learnt that cavalry should also be used in support of infantry and not just against the enemy's cavalry.

With Lindsey was his son Montagu Bertie, Lord Willoughby who had seen some service against the Spaniards in the Netherlands, and after his return had been made a captain in the Lifeguards, and a Gentleman of the Bedchamber. Anthony van Dyck has left portraits of the father and the son; the one a bald-headed, alert, precise-looking old warrior, with the cuirass and gauntlets of earlier warfare; the other, the very model of a cavalier, tall, easy, and graceful, with a gentle reflective face, and wearing the long lovelocks and deep-point lace collar and cuffs characteristic of Queen Henrietta's Court.

At eight o'clock, on the morning of 23 October 1642 King Charles was riding along the ridge of Edge Hill, and looking down into the Vale of the Red Horse, a fair meadow land, here and there broken by hedges and copses. His troops were mustering around him, and in the valley he could see with his telescope the various Parliamentary regiments, as they poured out of the town of Kineton, and took up their positions in three lines. "I never saw the rebels in a body before," he said, as he gazed sadly at the subjects arrayed against him. "I shall give them battle. God, and the prayers of good men to Him, assist the justice of my cause." The whole of his forces were not assembled till two o'clock in the afternoon, for the gentlemen who had become officers found it no easy matter to call their farmers and retainers together, and marshal them into any sort of order.

Lord Lindsey, who was an old comrade of Robert Devereux, 3rd Earl of Essex, who was by then the commander of the Parliamentarian forces, knew that he would follow the tactics they had both together studied in Holland, little thinking that one day they should be arrayed one against the other in their own native England. He had a high opinion of Essex's generalship, and insisted that the situation of the Royal army required the utmost caution. Rupert, on the other hand, had seen the swift fiery charges of the fierce troopers of the Thirty Years' War, and was backed up by Patrick Ruthven, Lord Ruthven, one of the many Scots who had won honour under King Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden. A sudden charge of the Royal horse would, Rupert argued, sweep the Roundheads from the field, and the foot would have nothing to do but to follow up the victory. The King, sad enough at having to fight at all with his subjects, and never having seen a battle, seemed entirely bewildered between the ardent words of his spirited nephew and the grave replies of the well-seasoned old Earl. Eventually the King, willing at least not to irritate Rupert, desired that Ruthven should array the troops in the Swedish fashion.

It was a greater affront to the General-in-chief than the king was likely to understand, but it could not shake the old soldier's loyalty. He gravely resigned the empty title of General, which only made confusion worse confounded, and rode away to act as colonel of his own Lincolnshire regiment, pitying his master's perplexity, and resolved that no private pique should hinder him from doing his duty. His regiment was of foot soldiers, and was just opposite to the standard of the Earl of Essex.

In the afternoon the Royal forces marched down the hill. Prince Rupert's charge was fully successful. No one even waited to cross swords with his troopers, but all the Roundhead horse galloped headlong off the field, hotly pursued by the Royalists. However, the main body of the army stood firm, and for some time the battle was nearly equal, until a large troop of Parliamentary cavalry who had been kept in reserve, wheeled round and fell upon the Royal forces just when their scanty supply of ammunition was exhausted. Step by step, however, they retreated bravely, and Rupert, who had returned from his charge, sought in vain to collect his scattered troopers, so as to fall again on the Roundheads. Some were plundering, some chasing the Roundheads, and none could be got together.

Death
Lord Lindsey was shot through the thigh bone, and fell. He was instantly surrounded by Roundhead cavalry; but his son, Lord Willoughby, seeing his danger, flung himself alone among them, forced his way forward, and raised his father in his arm, unheeding his own safety. The throng of Roundheads around called to him to surrender, and, hastily giving up his sword, he carried the Earl into the nearest shed, and laid him on a heap of straw, vainly striving to staunch the blood under watch of a Roundhead guard.

It was a bitterly cold night, and the frosty wind came howling through the darkness. Lord Lindsey himself murmured, "If it please God I should survive, I never will fight in the same field with boys again!"–no doubt deeming that young Rupert had wrought all the mischief. His thoughts were all on the cause, his son's all on him. It proved impossible to stop his wounds bleeding and gradually the old man's strength ebbed away.

Toward midnight the Earl's old comrade Essex had news of his condition, and sent some officers to enquire for him, and promise speedy surgical attendance. Lindsey was still full of spirit, and spoke to them so strongly of their broken faith, and of the sin of disloyalty and rebellion, that they slunk away one by one out of the hut, and dissuaded Essex from coming himself to see his old friend, as he had intended. The surgeon, however, arrived, but too late, Lindsey was already so much exhausted by cold and loss of blood, that he died early in the morning of 24 October 1642, as he was being carried through the gates of Warwick Castle where other Royalist prisoners were being kept. His son, despite King Charles' best efforts to obtain his exchange, remained a prisoner of the Parliamentary side for about a year. Lindsey is buried in St Michael and All Angels Church, Edenham, Lincolnshire.

Lord Lindsey should not be confused with Ludovic Lindsay, 16th Earl of Crawford, who also fought for the King at the Battle of Edgehill.

Marriage and issue
In 1605, Lindsey married Elizabeth Montagu (d. 30 November 1654, sister of Edward Montagu, 1st Baron Montagu of Boughton). They had thirteen children:
 * Montagu Bertie, 2nd Earl of Lindsey (1608–1666)
 * Hon. Sir Roger Bertie (d. 15 October 1654), married Ursula Lawley, daughter of Sir Edward Lawley
 * Hon. Robert Bertie (1 January 1619 – 1708), married firstly Alice Barnard, secondly Elizabeth Bennet, and thirdly Mary Halsey
 * Hon. Sir Peregrine Bertie, married Anne Hardeby
 * Capt. Hon. Francis Bertie (d. 1641), killed in Ireland
 * Capt. Hon. Henry Bertie (d. 1643), killed at the First Battle of Newbury
 * Hon. Vere Bertie, died unmarried
 * Hon. Edward Bertie (17 October 1624 – 25 December 1686)
 * Lady Katherine Bertie, married about 1631 Sir William Paston, 1st Baronet, one son, Robert Paston, 1st Earl of Yarmouth
 * Lady Elizabeth Bertie (d. 28 February 1684), married in 1661 Sir Miles Stapleton
 * Lady Anne Bertie (d. 1660), died unmarried
 * Lady Mary Bertie, married firstly Rev. John Hewett (d. 1658), and secondly Sir Abraham Shipman
 * Lady Sophia Bertie, married Sir Richard Chaworth

The office of Lord Great Chamberlain descended through to him following the death of his cousin Henry de Vere, 18th Earl of Oxford, as being the closest heir male.

title: Robert Bertie, 1st Earl of Lindsey


text:
Minatec

Minatec (initially called the Micro and Nanotechnology Innovation Centre) is a research complex specializing in micro/nano technologies in Grenoble, France.

The center was inaugurated in June 2006 by François Loos, French Minister Delegate for Industry, as a partnership between LETI (the Electronics and Information Technologies Laboratory of CEA, the French Atomic Energy Commission) and by Grenoble Institute of Technology (Université Grenoble Alpes). The site was already home to LETI, Europe's top center for applied research in microelectronics and nanotechnology. Minatec combines a physical research campus with a network of companies, researchers, and engineering schools. It was launched to foster technology transfer, with applications in energy and communications. The complex is home to 3,000 researchers, 1,200 students, and 600 technology transfer experts on a 20-hectare campus offering 10,000 square meters for cleanroom space. It offers a continuum that includes student technology transfer, industry, and applied research.

The Minatec campus has dedicated special-events facilities (900 m²), including a 20-person conference rooms and a 400-seat amphitheater. These spaces are available to researchers for their scientific events such as the international conference held every two years.

Minatec includes fundamental research labs like INAC and FMNT, plus a major technological research lab, Leti. MINATEC also cooperates with the INSTITUT NÉEL and RTRA, which are located nearby.

Funding
Minatec represents an investment of 193.5 million euros between 2002 and 2005, mainly paid by local authorities and the CEA.

title: Minatec


text:
Talk:Malaysian expressway system

I do not entirely agree with the Controversial issues section. As an encyclopedia article, it should be neutral. Please cite your sources.

Wikitable List of Expressway Interchanges
Dear Wikipedians Malaysia!

Please write the wikitable list of expressway interchanges at any Malaysian expressway articles. Thank you! -(Aiman abmajid = 20 March 2006)

Pan Borneo Highway
Dear Malaysian Wikipedia members...!!!

Is there anyone who knows the routes in Pan Borneo Highway system? Please help me out with the posting ok...? Your help is greatly appreciated.

Thank you. Hezery99 06:15, 30 March 2006 (UTC)

title: Talk:Malaysian expressway system


text:
Heytesbury

Heytesbury is a village (formerly considered to be a town) and a civil parish in Wiltshire, England. The village lies on the north bank of the Wylye, about 3+1/2 mi southeast of the town of Warminster.

The civil parish includes most of the small neighbouring settlement of Tytherington, and the deserted village of Imber.

History
Chalk downland north of Heytesbury village has prehistoric earthworks including long barrows and round barrows. Strip lynchets are visible north and east of Cotley Hill.

The parish lies between the Iron Age hillforts of Scratchbury Camp and Knook Castle. A Romano-British settlement has been identified on Tytherington Hill, in the far south of the parish. Chapperton Down, west of Imber, has evidence of settlement and field systems from the same period and earlier.

The Domesday Book of 1086 recorded a small settlement of eight households at Hestrebe, with a church. The hundred of Heytesbury, south and east of Warminster, comprised seventeen places.

The Hungerford family held land at Heytesbury by the 1390s, and reared sheep in the surrounding area in the next century. Family members include Walter Hungerford, 1st Baron Hungerford of Heytesbury.

John Marius Wilson's Imperial Gazetteer of England and Wales (1870–1872) described Heytesbury as follows:

"HEYTESBURY, a small town, a parish, a sub-district, and a hundred, in Wilts. The town stands on the river Wylye, and on the Somerset and Weymouth railway, near Salisbury Plain, 4 miles SE by E of Warminster; was known, to the Saxons, as Hegtredesbiryg; took afterwards the names of Haresbury, Haseberie, and Heightsbury; is now commonly called Hatchbury; was, in the time of Stephen, the residence of the Empress Maud; was, in 1766, nearly all destroyed by fire, and afterwards rebuilt; consists now chiefly of a single street; possesses interest to tourists as the central point of a region abounding in British, Roman, Saxon, and Danish remains; and gives the title of Baron to the family of A'Court. It sent two members to parliament from the time of Henry VI till disfranchised by the act of 1832; was a borough by prescription; and is now a seat of courts leet. It has a post office under Bath, a railway station, two chief inns, a church, an Independent chapel, a national school, and an endowed hospital. The church dates from the 12th century; was partly rebuilt in 1470; underwent a thorough restoration in 1866, at an expense of about £5,500; is cruciform; has a massive tower; and contains the burial place of the A'Courts, and a tablet to Cunningham, the antiquary. The hospital was founded in 1470, by Lady Hungerford, for a chaplain, twelve poor men, and one poor woman; was rebuilt in 1769; forms three sides of a square, two stories high; and has an endowed income of £1,373. A weekly market was formerly held; and two fairs are still held on 14 May and 25 Sept. – The parish comprises 3,380 acres. Real property, £4,713. Pop., in 1841, 1,311; in 1861, 1,103. Houses, 237. The manor belonged to the Burghershs; and passed to the Badlesmeres, the Hungerfords, the Hastingses, and others. Heytesbury House, the seat of Lord Heytesbury, is on the N side of the town; was partially rebuilt about 1784; contains a fine collection of pictures: and stands in a well wooded park. Cotley Hill rises from the woods of the park; commands a very fine panoramic view; is crowned by a tumulus; and was anciently fortified. Knook castle, Scratchbury camp, Golden barrow, and many other antiquities are in the neighbourhood. The living is a vicarage, united with the vicarage of Knook, in the diocese of Salisbury. Value, £350. Patron, the Bishop of Salisbury. – The sub-district contains also eleven other parishes, and is in Warminster district. Acres, 27,546. Pop., 4,372. Houses, 946. – The hundred contains thirteen parishes, and part of another. Acres, 33,040. Pop., 5,572. Houses, 1,209."

Between 1449 and 1832, Heytesbury was a parliamentary borough, returning two Members of Parliament. This Borough of Heytesbury was a burgage borough, meaning that the right to vote was reserved to the householders of specific properties or "burgage tenements" within the borough; there were just twenty-six of these tenements by the time of the Reform Act 1832, and all had been owned by the heads of the A'Court family as an inheritance since the 17th century, giving them complete control of the choice of the two Members. The Reform Act swept away all these rotten and pocket boroughs and greatly increased the enfranchised population.

An elementary school was provided in 1838, immediately southwest of the church. By 1858 there were 50-60 pupils and 40-50 infants. The school moved to a new site, off the High Street west of the church, in 1900, and came under Wiltshire County Council control in the early years of that century. Children of all ages attended until 1931 when those over 11 transferred to the new Avenue Senior School at Warminster. The school continues to serve Heytesbury and Tytherington as Heytesbury CofE Primary School.

Church of England

A church was mentioned at Hestrebe in the Domesday Book of 1086 and became a collegiate church in the 12th century. The present parish church is from the 13th century and is a Grade I listed building.

At Tytherington, a chapel was founded in the 12th century. The small church of St James is mainly from the 16th and is Grade II* listed.

St Giles' Church, Imber, dates from the late 13th century and is a Grade I listed building. It is now a redundant church in the care of the Churches Conservation Trust.

Non-conformist
A Congregational chapel was built in Heytesbury village in 1812 and replaced c. 1868. The chapel closed sometime after 1955. There was a Primitive Methodist chapel at Tytherington.

Notable people
Elizabeth Wydeville (1437–1492), wife of Edward IV, mother of Elizabeth of York and the Princes in the Tower, was housed at the East Manor, with Elizabeth of York and her four sisters, following the sudden illness and subsequent death of Edward IV.

The antiquary William Cunnington (1754–1810) was of Heytesbury, and investigated many prehistoric sites on the downs.

Heytesbury House was built for the Ashe à Court family. Sir William à Court was created a Baronet in 1795 and the Baronry of Heytesbury was created in 1828 for his son, also Sir William.

The poet Siegfried Sassoon spent the latter part of his life at Heytesbury House, which he purchased in 1933. His son George Sassoon grew up there and inherited the house on his father's death in 1967; he lived there until 1996, when it was sold.

Major-General Glyn Gilbert (1920–2003) settled at Heytesbury.

Notable buildings
Heytesbury House, a country house rebuilt in 1782, is Grade II* listed. In 1985 the southern part of the park surrounding the house was the subject of a compulsory purchase order to allow construction of the A36 bypass, separating the house from its cricket field and requiring a new entrance to be made from the west. The gate piers and curved flanking walls at the former southern entrance, from the early 19th century, are still standing. In the early 21st century the house and stables were converted into several residences.

The Hospital of St John and St Katherine was founded in 1442 by Walter Hungerford, 1st Baron Hungerford and re-endowed in 1472 by Margaret, widow of his son Robert. The almshouse provided housing for twelve poor unmarried men and one woman (who was responsible for domestic duties), under the oversight of a chaplain or warden appointed by the Chancellor of Salisbury Cathedral. There was a school-house and from time to time a schoolmaster. Around 1769 the hospital burned down and a new building was erected, of two stories around three sides of a courtyard. The architect was Esau Reynolds (1725–1779) of Trowbridge. In 1968 the building was designated as Grade II listed. The hospital continues as a registered charity.

On the High Street is a small octagonal village lock-up or blind house, probably dating from the 18th century.

Local government
A parish council known as "Heytesbury, Imber and Knook" covers this parish and the neighbouring parish of Knook. Local government services are provided by Wiltshire Council, which has its offices in nearby Trowbridge.

Transport
The A36 road bypasses the village to the north; an Ordnance Survey map of 1958 shows the road's earlier route along the High Street. The Wessex Main Line railway (opened here in 1856) runs to the south, and until 1955 there was a station on the Heytesbury-Tytherington road.

title: Heytesbury


text:
Talk:List of assassination attempts

Is this just a dupe of List of people who survived assassination attempts? Halo 11:24, 29 August 2005 (UTC)

Yes Simonalexander2005 (talk) 11:11, 24 February 2010 (UTC)

title: Talk:List of assassination attempts


text:
Hindon, Wiltshire

Hindon is a village and civil parish in Wiltshire, England, about 16 mi west of Salisbury and 9.6 mi south of Warminster. It is in the Cranborne Chase and West Wiltshire Downs Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. Hindon was a market town but is now a village.

History
Hindon is a planned settlement, unlike most English villages which have evolved piecemeal over the millennia. If previous settlement in the area was present, no evidence within the village itself has yet been discovered. There are prehistoric field systems and Bronze Age round barrows on the downs nearby.

According to the Estates' Account Rolls of the Bishop of Winchester, Bishop Peter des Roches of Winchester planned the borough as a centre for markets and fairs in 1218; at that time the land was part of East Knoyle parish. The main period of building was between 1218 and 1220 and even today, the medieval settlement pattern can be seen: the main tenements flanked either side of the High Street, with narrow burgage plots running behind the buildings. By c.1250 there were some 150 houses in the village. There were 77 poll-tax payers in 1377. Hindon became a parliamentary borough (see Hindon constituency) in the later Middle Ages, and continued to return two members until it was disenfranchised in 1832; it was reckoned to be an exceptionally corrupt borough even by the standards of the time, a so-called 'rotten borough'. Its central position in south-west Wiltshire made it a centre of local government: between 1530 and 1660 it was sometimes a venue for quarter sessions and in 1786 was made the centre of a petty sessional division.

Hindon's prosperity was due to its markets and fairs, and its position on and near main roads. Almost immediately after the foundation of the village in 1218 a weekly market was held and this continued for centuries: Hindon was noted for its market in the mid and late 16th century. As a corn market it was rated by John Aubrey as second only to Warminster in c.1650, and in c.1707 it was coupled with Chippenham as a great Wiltshire market. In the 19th century the sale of pigs and sheep comprised a sizeable share of the market business, but by the later 19th century the market declined rapidly, and finally ceased in the early 1880s.

Coaching was probably the major industry in the village in the 18th century and early 19th century. The main London-Exeter road ran across the downs, and in 1754 there were fourteen inns and public houses in the village, with associated stabling for the horses. Such was the vitality of Hindon that it quickly recovered after the disastrous fire of 1754. In 1801 the population was 793. In 1830 London coaches from Exeter left daily from the Swan and from Barnstaple nightly from the Lamb Inn, and there were corresponding services westwards. Stabling can still be seen at the Grosvenor Arms (also known at various times in its history as the Angel Inn): the exterior of the stable block facing Angel Lane bears a text which reads: GROSVENORS ARMS GOOD STALL STABLEING [sic] AND LOCK-UP COACH HOUSES. The population of the village reached a peak of 921 in 1831 when there were some 190 houses.

Other trades undertaken in the village over the centuries include weaving, linen and tick-weaving, silk twist manufacture, inn-keeping, baking, brewing, clock-making, gunpowder manufacture, and wood, metal and leather working.

A school was built on the east side of the village in the 1850s, at the expense of Lady Octavia Shaw-Stewart. Children of all ages attended until 1961, when those aged 11 transferred elsewhere.

Several reasons for Hindon's decline have been put forward: its disenfranchisement in 1832; the railway connection of London to Taunton and Exeter in the 1840s which reduced coach traffic significantly (coupled with the opening of the station at Tisbury, 2 mi southeast of Hindon, in 1859); and a general decrease in road traffic. By 1875 all but two of Hindon's inns were closed down.

The High Street was lined with trees in 1863. These still remain, mostly lime but with a few oak trees. The trees are pollarded annually, giving the wide straight village street an almost French look.

Hindon is mentioned in A Shepherd's Life: Impressions of the South Wiltshire Downs by W. H. Hudson, published in 1910. Hudson stayed in the Lamb Inn in the spring and summer of 1909. Chapter 16 of the book concerns Hindon, in which Hudson describes the village thus: 'Hindon is a delightful little village, so rustic and pretty amidst its green, swelling downs ... its last state, sober and purified, is very much better than the old. For although sober, it is contented and even merry, and exhibits such a sweet friendliness toward the stranger within its gates as to make him remember it with pleasure and gratitude.' He relates stories about Hindon's social and natural history.

Religion
A chapel was built when Hindon was founded, but was almost certainly closed by the later 14th century. In 1405 it was refounded and partially rebuilt. In 1650 it was recommended that Hindon should become a parish, but it remained a chapelry of the parish church of St Mary, East Knoyle. Until 1869 there was no right of marriage in the chapel, although inhabitants could be baptised and buried there.

In 1804 the church (known as the Free Chapel) comprised a nave and chancel with a south tower, the lower part of which served as a porch. The tower and possibly part of the nave and chancel dated from the 12th century, while the west doorway and window and a south window of the nave were later medieval. In 1836 the church was enlarged: a north aisle was added, as well as a window in the nave; by 1864 marriages were being performed in the church. However, this incarnation of the church was short-lived. Parish status was assigned in 1869 and in November of that same year the Free Chapel was demolished, along with a few adjacent buildings, to make way for a new church. By July 1871, construction was completed, and the new parish church of St John the Baptist, designed by T. H. Wyatt, was consecrated. This survives largely unaltered.

There is a strong tradition of non-conformity in the West Country, and Hindon was no exception. In 1787 a dwelling-house was certified for Independents, and in 1810 a Congregational church was built at nearby Fonthill Gifford. In 1836 a room in Hindon was certified for Primitive Methodists and five years later the Providence Chapel was built for them behind the south side of the High Street. In 1896 that chapel was replaced by one on the north side of the street, where it still stands, although now converted into a private dwelling.

The Great Fire of Hindon
On 2 July 1754, a large fire swept through the village, burning 144 houses and buildings to the ground. Charitable donations from across the south of England helped in the process of rebuilding.

Present day
The village has two pubs: The Grosvenor Arms (which has also been called The Angel at various points in its history) and The Lamb. The school continues as Hindon Church of England Voluntary Aided Primary School, having merged with the school at East Knoyle (leading to closure of the East Knoyle site) in 1984 and later becoming a Voluntary Aided school. In 2004 Hindon won the Best Medium-sized Village in Wiltshire Award and in 2006 the Laurence Kitching Award for Best Kept Village in Wiltshire. Both awards are judged by the Campaign to Protect Rural England (CPRE).

Three long-distance footpaths pass through Hindon: the Wessex Ridgeway, Monarch's Way and Orange Way.

Notable people

 * Henrietta Scott, Countess of Dalkeith – born in Hindon c. 1677.
 * 'Monk' Lewis, Gothic novelist, was an MP for Hindon from 1796 to 1801.
 * Charles McLelland (19 November 1930 – 2 December 2004), Controller of BBC Radio 1 and BBC Radio 2 from 1976 to 1978, and the controller solely of BBC Radio 2 from 1978 to 1980.
 * Tony Streather (1926–2018), Army officer and mountaineer, the first man to climb two peaks higher than 25,000 ft, retired to Hindon.

title: Hindon, Wiltshire


text:
Talk:Kenneth R. Timmerman

Untitled
Has he done anything else?

Articles for Deletion debate
This article survived an Articles for Deletion debate. The discussion can be found here. -Splash 01:11, 8 September 2005 (UTC)

An update...
Mr. Timmerman is also being considered for a Nobel Peace Prize.

--JJ

is that so? a man who "works to instigate an armed conflict" (according to this wikipedia page)... for the peace prize? maybe one day i'll win it myself, but that will be after i instigate world war 3 of course.

=
If you read Mr. Timmerman's interviews and speeches, he states that armed conflict with Iran is the worst possible option, and advocates support of anti-government groups in Iran to overthrow the theocracy there. Indeed he is actively working with such groups himself. Perhaps whoever wrote the Wikipedia piece should do a little investigative work prior to making such a statement. . . perhaps this might also explain the apparent contradiction in a "warmonger" being nominated for the Nobel prize? BTW, I hope he is wrong about the "coming showdown" with Iran - but it unfortunately appears he may be right. - MG

You know who else was nominated for a Nobel Peace Prize? Hitler. Granted the nomination was a protest against Neville Chamberlain being nominated, but the fact remains that anybody can be nominated even if they're in no way qualified. Also, Timmerman's been proved to be full of crap about Iran's nonexistent nuclear weapons program, so the chances of him winning have gone from slim to none. 74.62.153.19 (talk) 23:49, 20 December 2007 (UTC)

Kenneth R. Timmerman falsely allegs that Iran has bought nuclear warheads from North Korea. Editor Janes Defense Weekly confirms Timmerman misquotations.
The Web site Newshog has reports Kenneth R. Timmerman falsely alleges that Iran has bought nuclear warheads from North Korea. In fact, Jane's Defense Weekly reported that Iran bought some ancient missile from Pyongyang, and there was never any question of a warhead.

Newshog reports: http://cernigsnewshog.blogspot.com/2006/03/exclusive-neocon-expert-caught-out.html

Monday, March 27, 2006

Exclusive: Neocon Expert Caught Out Over Iran Warmongering On March 23rd, Kenneth R. Timmerman writing for Frontpage Magazine made an astonishing pronouncement: In January, Jane’s Defense Weekly reported that Middle East intelligence sources had confirmed a story appearing in the German newspaper Bild on Dec. 16, 2005, alleging that Iran had acquired Russian-made nuclear warheads through North Korea.

The warheads had equipped SS-N-6 submarine-launched missiles. U.S. intelligence sources privately confirmed these reports to me. [Emphasis Mine] If true, this claim would blow the current brewing crisis over Iran's nuclear program wide open, change the game entirely...and Jane's is the definitive military sourcebook, whatever it said would normally be impeccably sourced.

However the Jane's article that Mr Timmerman cites doesn't appear to mention nuclear warheads at all, just the missiles. In fact, it notes that analysts are puzzled by the Iranian purchase: "Although the technology is 40 years old, the SS-N-6 SLBM is a very complicated missile, which is not easy to copy and does not align with the current Iranian efforts," Uzi Rubin, former director of Israel's Ballistic Missile Defence Organisation, told JDW. It's actually fairly likely that Iran bought the missiles to help along it's nascent satellite-launch program.

But...no mention of the purchase of actual "nuclear warheads" in the "non-subscriber extract" (which is all you can read without paying), which would have been cataclysmic front page news worldwide if Jane's had actually said such a thing.

On Friday I emailed Jane's asking their editors if they would like to comment on what appeared to be an extreme misrepresentation of their article. Today they wrote back, attaching a full copy of the article so we all knew what we were talking about: Dear Sir,

You're quite right: we were talking missiles and not warheads. I pasted in the full article below and copied in our communications manager should the Timmerman material lead to any further complications or misquotations regarding our reporting.

Many thanks for drawing this to our attention.

Yours sincerely,

P J R Felstead Editor, JDW The chances of this being an accidental misinterpretation by Mr. Timmerman seem slim to me. He isn't some know-nothing opinionator, but rather a very well connected and very well informed neoconservative figure. According to his Wikipedia entry he is an expert in military matters, having written for various defense journals in the past. He runs his own defense and security consultancy, Middle East Data Project, Inc. It takes a lot of mistake for such an expert to see a report of the aquisition of nuclear warheads in an article that says no such thing. Were he capable of a simple mistake of this magnitude, then his credibility as an expert would surely be seriously undermined - something that news organisations such as FOX News and the UK's Daily Telegraph might have to take into account when citing him as an authoritative source or consultant. (Actually that Telegraph story also uses two other sources of extremely questionable credibility.) Congress might want to bear it in mind too when next he testifies before them.

(They might also wish to consider Mr. Timmerman's claim that "Separate sources in the U.S. and Iran have told FDI recently that the Iranian regime is planning a nuclear weapons test before the Iranian New Year on March 20, 2006." An event that singularly failed to happen.)

Yet the possibility that Mr. Timmerman deliberately cited spurious sources for a false claim is even more worrying. Given bono fides of Mr. Timmerman's kind, there would surely have to be a serious motive behind any such lie.

I saw Timmerman with Tucker Carlson last night - 8/10/2006. He is a truly scary man - seemed to be a rabid pro-war type ( from Goddard? ). Tracing him over the internet he seems to have alot of facts that don't seem to pan out ( Iranian nuclear site - he seems to be able to find it but nobody else finds it in the same place, etc.) I wonder why Carlson had him on last night - I never had much use for Carlson, but now I will probably not believe anything he ever says.

This is typical Timmerman. In the lead-up to the invasion of Iraq, he actually claimed that Saddam Hussein was responsible for the Oklahoma City bombing. 71.203.209.0 (talk) 08:40, 16 February 2008 (UTC)

Picture
I have some usable pictures of Timmerman, but I have no idea how to load them to Wikipedia.

They're *my* pictures, so IP isn't an issue.

If anybody cares, send me an email - greenwoodjw on gmail 108.3.181.214 (talk) 18:25, 25 November 2014 (UTC)Jason Boisvert

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title: Talk:Kenneth R. Timmerman


text:
Talk:Gregg Toland

Untitled
Generally speaking, a "cameramen" is different from a "cinematographer." The cameraman is the person physically handling the camera while cinematographers don't usually operate the camera themselves. Rather, cinematographers are responsible for the overall design of the visual style. I mention this because I've just edited the term cameraman out of this article, because, more accurately speaking, Toland was a cinematographer. --Jeremy Butler 11:26, 29 August 2005 (UTC)

 * That's true enough (and I certainly have no objection to your changes to this article, although I'm thinking of expanding it), although it should be noted that Wikipedia's own page notes the term is a matter of contention for some. Also I believe Toland served as the camera operator for some of his movies (not Kane, though), although I don't have a source handy to confirm it.

--Snarkout 02:50, 28 September 2005 (UTC)

Go look at Welles home movie from the early 1930s "Hearts of Age" & his conceptual drawings for the lighting and staging of Mercury Theatre productions like their [then]-contemporary adaptation of Shakespeare’s Julius Ceaser, Kanes visual style is as much his as it is Tolands. --LamontCranston 14:09, 12 December 2005 (UTC)

 * Because that was Toland's genius -- he helped others get what they wanted. Toland and Welles spent hours in private conference planning Kane's look, and how to get it. Toland was present at the rehearsals and explained to Welles when a staging wouldn't photograph properly, and Welles restaged appropriately (part of Toland's admiration for Welles grew out of the way Welles was able to do this on the spot). Look at the films Toland did with Wyler and then look at Kane. Although it's easy to spot the hand of Toland in both, they're also very different.ubiquity 19:15, 23 June 2006 (UTC)ubiquity

Obviously, the dispute whether Toland's role in Kane was more important or as important as Welles' is not over. I have a number of arguments that I think clearly demonstrate that Kane continued Toland's experimentations on Long Voyage Home - and I think that a 25 year old newbie, even though he was one of cinema's unquestionable geniuses, could not know enough about lights or compositing, technically speaking, so as to be able to pull off the overwhelming majority of shots in Kane. I am not a specialist, but I have never heard of Welles' implication on the "technical" aspects of the movie. So I would agree with ubiquity, I think that Welles might well have had unheard of ideas, but the actual solutions or concrete know-how was unquestionnably Toland's. Also, if someone has more info on Best Years of Our Lives, it would fill an unfortunate hole in this article, since Best Years is considered one of Hollywood's most important movies ever - and deep focus cinematography allowed Toland and Wyler to compose several scenes within one frame without any cuts. Benisek00 13:25, 2 February 2007 (UTC)

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Date of Death
This article ambigously states 09/26 as well as 09/28. Both dates are to be found on the Internet. This needs clarification and correction. --not_in_en —Preceding unsigned comment added by 84.185.207.55 (talk) 08:38, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

End of life?
This article right now reads more like a discussion of points of interest of Toland's work--which is fine up to a point. But it would be incredibly helpful if someone with the knowledge could also sketch in some more biographical data. For instance, he died incredibly young. How? Where? Right now, there's simply a reference to "just before his death...." Can anyone help here? --Vaudedoc (talk) 14:21, 27 July 2009 (UTC)

title: Talk:Gregg Toland