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Talk:Guardian Council

A Photo question
This article lists some names of the various members of the Council. There is a link to a Persian-language site regarding the Council that shows the photographs and names of the Council members, but there is no English translation of the names. Can someone please download the photographs from the official Council webside and paste them into this Wikipedia article so we can see and match the names with their photographs? Thank you.

--Bill 19:11 12 June 2006

You can refer to http://portal.irisn.com/aza/aza.htm for their pictures. Farhoudk 11:00, 16 December 2006 (UTC)

--Penguin020 06:18, 14 July 2006 (UTC)

A question
Is the appointment of the clerical members of the Council by the Supreme Leader subject to Parliamental approval ?

-- Siyac 17:22, 25 August 2005 (UTC)
 * No. Also, Majles is a joke since the intelligence services (VEVAK) are known to have manipulated their decision through threats and coercions. --19:45, 19 October 2006 (UTC)

VEVAK is not a correct terminology. It is in fact Ministry of Intelligence and its Minister is a member of Cabinet council selected by the President and must receive confidence vote from the Parliament. By the way, appointment of the clerical members of the Council by the Supreme Leader is not subject to Parliamental approval. Farhoudk 11:00, 16 December 2006 (UTC)

Can the members be impeached or removed? If so, does the Supreme Leader have this power or does the parliament? Sandwich Eater 17:59, 13 March 2006 (UTC)

Both of them have power but for their part. Farhoudk 11:00, 16 December 2006 (UTC)

-- --Penguin020 06:18, 14 July 2006 (UTC) Is there a term limit? Text implies that half the membership changes each election

The term limit is 6 years. Farhoudk 11:00, 16 December 2006 (UTC)

Bias
This series of articles suffers from a great deal of vandalism due to anti-IR propagandists. please people remain npov! Hayadel 07:25, 11 December 2006 (UTC)

Please explain why do you think it suffers from a great deal of vandalism due to anti-I.R.Iran propagandists. This article tries to reflect the existing situation. I think other constitutions may have some problems also Farhoudk 10:46, 16 December 2006 (UTC)

 * My concerns were based on a review of the sources and the tone of the article. First of all, I think it is important to understand that no system of government should be presupposed to be superior to another (as far as article writing goes). Therefore, one should not presuppose that democracy is better than a republic or whatever we are talking about (again, as far as npov articles go). Systems of government are different everywhere, and everyone has problems with how they do their jobs. In the case of the Islamic Republic, the Islamic Revolution replaced the regime of the Shah because of popular discontent, this does not mean that everyone was happy, but simply that the revolution had the necessary popular momentum to achieve its aim. If the Guardian Council does not fit into your ideal political system that is fine, but that view should not be part of your agenda for contributing to this article. As far as specifics go, some of the sources for this article are taken from anti-IR websites and organizations. As long as these are balanced out in some way, I don't have a problem, but it should be assumed that for every entity that does not like the Islamic Republic, there is one that supports it. All I'm worried about is that wikipedia does not become an outlet for biased agendas. Hayadel 21:20, 18 December 2006 (UTC)

 * As of the time of your edit, all 14 references emanated either from the official constitution and other Websites of the Islamic Republic. You have claimed bias without any valid points and examining the article.--Patchouli 16:32, 21 December 2006 (UTC)
 * Also, if everything is equal, then why do you want to learn about the Guardian Council? Not having any knowledge is the same as having knowledge?  If the same, then why does one expend time to learn more?--Patchouli 16:39, 21 December 2006 (UTC)

Read especially the first paragraph comparing the US and Iran, discussing checks and balances. This smells funny. I have inserted NPOV template. Please do not remove without debate. Shagmaestro 18:25, 18 December 2006 (UTC)

 * --Patchouli 16:08, 21 December 2006 (UTC)

Power to dismiss?
Since the Supreme Leader has the power to appoint just 6 of the 12 members of the GC (the clerics), doesn't he just have the power to dismiss those 6? From what I've read, only the Majlis, which approves the other (lawyer) members can dismiss them. Of course, this would be the logical setup, but as most of the government's structure is unfair and illogical, I wouldn't be surprised if he had the power to dismiss them all. Any thoughts? If there aren't any, I'll probably revert a recent edit regarding this.-67.167.93.51 23:41, 11 December 2006 (UTC)

According to the Article 91 of the constitution, selection of six Faqih is in the hands of the Supreme Leader who can also dismiss them, as it is the case right now. Please see Vicious Circle inside the article.

Farhoudk 10:32, 16 December 2006 (UTC)
 * I know that he can dismiss those 6, but I was just wondering if this edit is correct. It no longer clarifies only the religious members can be dismissed, implying all 12 can be by the Supreme Leader. Should it be reverted? Thanks.-67.167.93.51 03:31, 19 December 2006 (UTC)

 * Seeing nothing to the contrary, I have now reverted the edit mentioned above. Please post objections, if any, here before reverting back. Thanks.-67.167.93.51 00:23, 5 January 2007 (UTC)

Pro-mullah institutions
Here is another evidence of discrimination against non-mullahs in Iran: Only those member of the Guardian Council who were mullahs were ex-officio members of the Expediency Discernment Council as of 2000.--Patchouli 05:38, 9 February 2007 (UTC)

Vicious Circle
Salaam. At the Guardian Council page, there is a section called "Vicious Circle" that is strongly POV and doesn't have any citations. I suspect it is OR as well. Since we are supposed to remove baseless POV from WP, I removed it, but Patchouli reverted, eventually saying that you were the source of the section. I am asking you why it should stay. In order for it to stay, it needs to have citations, and if these are citations to editorials, the editorials need to have authors of significance. If an editorial is used, a statement like "So-and-so has said ..." or another form to show that this is a editorial that is being mentioned. Also, a variety of sources cannot be combined to synthesize a particular viewpoint, in this case that the Guardian Council is part of a "Vicious Circle", unless all of the sources themselves argue a vicious circle. Otherwise it is OR. In any case, you will need actual sources before their appropriateness can be assessed. Please respond to me on this matter so that the article improvement can begin. Thanks. The Behnam 15:50, 5 February 2007 (UTC)

Dear The Behnam, http://mellat.majlis.ir/CONSTITUTION/ENGLISH.HTM Best. Farhoudk 19:51, 5 February 2007 (UTC)
 * Please be advised that the section which you have deleted it (without notice) had citations. It refers to various articles of Iranian constitution such as article No. 111, 91 and 99. If you would like to have an official reference please refer to the following address and you can add it to the section as well.
 * I intentionally did not mention other references since it is clearly underestandable from context of Iranian constitution.
 * Please do not delete the section. You would better add some comments, criticism etc.
 * I am sorry about/for Patchouli!

 * I know you may have tied things together in a way that makes sense, but the fact is that on WP, that kind of synthesis is not allowed. You need to source the "Vicious Circle" ideas with a source that itself analyzes the Constitution as allowing a "Vicious Circle", and then make sure that the article is clear that this is the research of a certain source, not necessarily a universal fact.  Essentially, you researched the Constitution, and analyzed the text to form a "Vicious Circle" conclusion of your own; this fits the definition of OR perfectly.  I'll give you some time to think this over, and respond if you feel your section is still acceptable, but I'm not going to add my own OR criticism to your OR section.  I think that the further we take this, the more likely this section will be removed.  The Behnam 20:01, 5 February 2007 (UTC)

 * You can find more or less similar analysis about Iranian constitution in various sites. Here is an example: http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/middle_east/03/iran_power/html/guardian_council.stm But I did not want to refer to these sources since they do not have NPOV. If you want, you can add such references. But deleting a section from an article, without giving a good reason, is not good idea. You would better revert it and put POV tag on that section and let every body come to an agrement about it. Farhoudk 08:59, 6 February 2007 (UTC)

 * I did it. Now there is room for further disussions. Farhoudk 11:31, 6 February 2007 (UTC)

Haukurth said at 15:46 on 6 February 2007: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Guardian_Council&diff=106034439&oldid=106033443 "The BBC article used as a reference does not use the word "vicious circle" or anything like it; on the face of it this is original research. Find a source with a similar analysis." Farhoudk 05:27, 7 February 2007 (UTC)

The Behnam said at 22:23 on 6 February 2007: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Guardian_Council&diff=106109881&oldid=106096333 "no POV OR editorial section." Farhoudk 05:27, 7 February 2007 (UTC)

 * I am sorry to see that Haukurth and The Behnam reject any disscussion, while Haukurth is sysop/administrator on the English Wikipedia.
 * Haukurth please take a look at the diagram on the BBC. Do not you see any loop or circle? What do you want to call it?
 * The Behnam called me for discussion http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_talk:Farhoudk#Guardian_Council and now refrains.
 * Farhoudk 05:27, 7 February 2007 (UTC)

I don't reject discussion; please don't make ill-considered accusations. Do you think I have been waiting ceaselessly for you to add more to the discussion? Don't jump the gun! Besides, I had already stated my reasons for wiping it off the encyclopedia, and your BBC did not change this. In case you did not read this page, I responded to your BBC link earlier. It is mystifying that you think your BBC link describes the Guardian Council as a "vicious circle". The diagram shows what could easily be interpreted as a complicated system of checks and balances, nothing more. The "vicious circle" is a joint OR of you and vehement anti-mullah POV pusher Patchouli. You even originally defended this section by claiming it made sense if you piece together parts of the Constitution; a classic case of OR, and suggests that you aren't altogether familiar with the dictates of WP:NOR. Now, you take a relatively neutral BBC chart and interpret it as a "vicious circle"; again, POV OR. In sum, your BBC link doesn't resolve the problems that led to the removal of the section. It don't mean a thing if it ain't got that swing. The Behnam 05:55, 7 February 2007 (UTC)
 * The system could be described as the "Circle of Enduring Righteousness", if interpreted as preserving Islamic purity while maintaining democratic benefits. The Behnam 05:58, 7 February 2007 (UTC)

 * I certainly don't reject discussion. That BBC diagram is helpful but somewhat inaccurate - it classifies the Cabinet as an elected institution, which it plainly isn't. It seems to imply that the problems with the system are the unelected institutions on the right while most critics focus on that orange "vets candidates" arrow as the main problem with the system. That arrow certainly means that the system has a much larger amount of political inertia than most democratic political systems have. Haukur 09:10, 7 February 2007 (UTC)

 * The Cabinet is an elected indtitution for sure. See Article 87 and 89 of http://mellat.majlis.ir/CONSTITUTION/ENGLISH.HTM . Farhoudk 09:45, 8 February 2007 (UTC)

 * See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_talk:Haukurth#Guardian_Council Farhoudk 06:27, 7 February 2007 (UTC)
 * I went. Nothing special about the discussion there.  The points have been raised; being OR, it should not remain in the article until proper sourcing can be completed.  Being POV, it should not be presented as fact.  This is the discussion page, so the page will be discussed here.  The Behnam 06:45, 7 February 2007 (UTC)

 * Dear The Behnam;
 * This is the first time you talk about the BBC.
 * The loop does not show the "Check and Balance" system. It shows tendency of closed loop system toward its extremums. It actually checks but unballances the system toward a specific political party.
 * Remember that all other sections of the article refers to Iranian constitution and use it as reference. I am wondering how it is not allowed to use Iranian Constitution as a reference to show its own problems while at the same time other references are used.
 * I am happy to see that you confirms the existance of a circle and only are discussing about terminology.
 * Now see the following Persian links which belongs to one of the political parties inside Iran. You can see that the section "vicious circle" is not OR. http://www.mojahedin-enghelab.org/ShowItem.aspx?ID=52&p=1  http://www.mojahedin-enghelab.org/ShowItem.aspx?ID=54&p=1  I will add some other links if you would like.Farhoudk 07:00, 7 February 2007 (UTC)

See also http://www.sarzamineman.blogfa.com/post-4378.aspx Farhoudk 07:09, 7 February 2007 (UTC)

See also http://www.irankhabar.com/headlines/Detailed/16881.html Farhoudk 07:15, 7 February 2007 (UTC)

See also http://www.webneveshteha.com/interview.asp?id=2146308180 It is not OR. Farhoudk 07:17, 7 February 2007 (UTC)

See also http://www.webneveshteha.com/weblog/?id=2146307749 Farhoudk 07:23, 7 February 2007 (UTC)

See also http://isna.ir/Main/NewsView.aspx?ID=News-530995 Farhoudk 07:26, 7 February 2007 (UTC)

See also http://sabzesara.blogfa.com/post-10.aspx Farhoudk 09:59, 7 February 2007 (UTC)

See also http://www.kayhannews.ir/851006/12.htm#other1206 Farhoudk 10:00, 7 February 2007 (UTC)

See also http://sphinx.blogfa.com/post-50.aspx Farhoudk 10:01, 7 February 2007 (UTC)

See also http://moradian.blogsky.com/?PostID=105 Farhoudk 10:06, 7 February 2007 (UTC)

See also http://welayat.persianblog.com/?date=13820419#616284 The Behnam, Is that enough to show that the section is not OR? Farhoudk 10:08, 7 February 2007 (UTC)

 * No it isn't. Most of those are blogs; there is no reason to consider them reliable sources.  One of them could be your blog, another could be Patchouli's blog, and so on.  I don't understand enough Persian to confirm that they even mention a "vicious circle."  But seriously, it is laughable that you consider these blogs a good reason to include that little POV piece, especially since it is after you put the section based upon your OR.  I suppose I didn't talk about the BBC before, but I did last time, and there is still no way to draw "vicious circle" or anything like it from the BBC source, so you do not have any point there.  The Constitution can be used to state basic guidelines for the Guardian Council, but you tied together a few selected parts to advance your "vicious circle" thesis.  This is OR, this is POV, this is unacceptable, and a bunch of whiny blogs ain't gonna change nothin here.  The Behnam 15:30, 7 February 2007 (UTC)

 * http://www.mojahedin-enghelab.org is an official Iranian party which currently exists and is active inside Iran.
 * http://www.webneveshteha.com/ is official web site of Mr. Abtahi who is well known clerics in the Iran for his being head of Office of President during presidency of Mr. Mohammad Khatami, the former president of I.R. Iran.
 * http://isna.ir/ is official web site of a broadcasting orgnization inside I.R. Iran.
 * http://www.kayhannews.ir/ is official web site of a very famous Iranian newspaper which belongs to conservative Iranian parties.
 * Other websites included to show that everybody knows and talks about it.
 * I do not have any blog. I am not sure about your friend, Patchouli, and I do not care.
 * Your name is 100% Iranian and pure Persian. How is it possible for you not to underestand Persian language well?
 * The vicious circle as it is clear now for you is not my OR. But it is a well known deficiency in Iran for everybody.
 * Be advised that you are going to violate 3RR.
 * Farhoudk 16:08, 7 February 2007 (UTC)

In Persian language they call "vicious circle" as تسلسل or دور معیوب or دور باطل. Farhoudk 16:30, 7 February 2007 (UTC)

From now on I will introduce English references to the concept of "Vicious Circle" in Iranian constitution. This is only to show that the concept is not OR. I am not approving the authors or their parties. Please see: http://www.cfr.org/publication/12215/two_iranian_elections.html?breadcrumb=%2Fbios%2F11107%2Flionel_beehner#2 Farhoudk 18:42, 7 February 2007 (UTC)

Please see: http://www.sazegara.net/english/archives/2005/06/lawful_crimesin.html Farhoudk 18:45, 7 February 2007 (UTC)

Please see http://www.aei.org/events/filter.all,eventID.1435/transcript.asp Farhoudk 19:00, 7 February 2007 (UTC)

I am open to mentioning the opinion of significant critics, but this should not be portrayed as definite fact nor receive undue weight. Also, you are really supposed to use English sources on the English WP, especially for controversial material, so I think only the English sources should be used. There is no way for me to verify the content of the Persian pages, though I know that most blogs are not reliable or noteworthy sources. I know that some Iranians believe there be something that could be described as a "vicious circle" or a 'loophole' in the political system; I think most of my family thinks this way. However, WP needs to be neutral, which is why I have put the hammer down on this particular piece. You may include a "Criticism" section, but it is very important that everything be presented neutrally. While there are many special interests pages on the internet that are against the current government of Iran, it would be nice if these special interests didn't have their way on the neutral encyclopedia. Opposition views shouldn't be given any more of a platform here than government apologists. They can use their own websites to propagate their views; that is why they have them. These articles aren't here to persuade the reader who is right or wrong.

I believe that we should stick to simply describing the institutions and their purposes, current members, and stay away from editorials, opposition or otherwise. This seems the most neutral approach. I hope that you also realize the importance of neutrality to the Wikipedia Project. Tell me what you think. The Behnam 19:12, 7 February 2007 (UTC)

 * It seems that Mehdi Khalaji is the primary source of the term. So, if you want to mention it in a Criticisms section, you would have to say something like, "Mehdi Khalaji, of the Washington Institute for Near East Policy, describes certain Constitutional guidelines regarding the Assembly of Experts as "paradoxical", leading to a "vicious circle" where the Assembly of Experts can informally influence the Supreme Leader's decisions."  Or something like that.  The coverage needs to be detached and neutral, and describe the source of the opinion.  Also, only significant opinions should be included; this excludes a lot of whiny bloggers.  But  Khalaji is definitely valid.  The Behnam 19:21, 7 February 2007 (UTC)
 * That's some very good advice, I agree with just about all of it. I just want to note that non-English sources are allowed, though English ones are preferred where those are easily available. I often cite sources in my native language, which has less than 1% the number of speakers that Persian has. Haukur 20:13, 7 February 2007 (UTC)

Dear The Behnam, Farhoudk 09:21, 8 February 2007 (UTC)
 * I regret to say that you did not show openness, since you first deleted the section and then accused me to be MKO, anti-mullah, anti-IR, etc. But I am happy to see that our opinions are now is much closer than before.
 * Thank you Haukur for your comment about Persian sources.
 * I do not enough time to translate Persian sources for you, and I am not sure if you trust my translation or not. But why do you select a Persian name for yourself? Behnam is composed of two parts; Beh means good and nam means name. I think that you are an Iranian, living in Iran or at least very close to Iran. And I am wondering why you are not able to verify Persian sources.
 * Feel free to refer to reliable Persian web sites which I introduced to you. Do not waste your time with unreliable blogs.
 * The Behnam, why did you accuse the "vicious circle" to be my OR while you were aware that most of your family, who are Iranians, as well as some other Iranians confirm its existance.
 * I agree with you about the neutrality of WP and this is why I included the "vicious circle" section in the article to show neutrality of WP and prevent its bias toward POVs of certain political parties.
 * I am not here to defend Iranian governments or to oppose it and I think editors are not allowed to decide on behalf of the readers.
 * I do not know Mehdi Khalaji and do not like to include his name as a reliable source. I am sure Mehdi Khalaji is not the primary source as well. Please add him yourself if you would like. I think the most reliable sources are the official web sites which are currently active inside Iran, not outside Iran. The sites like http://www.kayhannews.ir, http://isna.ir , http://www.mojahedin-enghelab.org are much more reliable than foreign sources. They show that Iranians inside Iran have their own standpoints about their political and social interests and the article tries to reflect various standpoints without any bias.
 * Please be advised that http://www.kayhannews.ir is under control of conservative Iranian parties for a long time and the article which I introduced from this source tries to respond the criticism. You may know that the conservative parties are the winners of the elections for the City Council, Majlis and presidency in recent years, thanks to the "vicious circle". It is a good idea if you want to add some criticism to the section "vicious circle" using this source. But I insist not to change the name of the section since it may mislead the reader toward other more general concepts.

 * I believe those accusations where characterizations of certain edits. This is definitely the case for the MKO remark.  The anti-mullah part was a judgment of Patchouli (who I assume you are not) based upon his/her contribs & remarks.  I don't think it is a personal attack, though it may be judgmental; it depends on whether or not Patchouli considers it bad to be "anti-mullah".  I could provide much evidence in support of that characterization if I wanted to, though that has nothing to do with you, Farhoudk.
 * My mention regarding non-English sources only referred to sourcing controversial information. Non-controversial information can be vouched as accurately translated by fluent editors, but when it comes to something controversial, it is not a very good idea.  How do I know that is what the source says? How can I trust a vouch?

 * I think the controversial information is better to be addressed from primary sources. Translations normally do not reflect the exact opinions of writers. This is partly due to differnt structure of various languages. I usually try to refer to the primary sources rather than their translations. It is difficult but I prefer it. Farhoudk 17:25, 9 February 2007 (UTC)

 * I am well aware of the meaning and spelling of my name, thanks.
 * We will not use blogs.
 * Some of my family hold positions similar to the "vicious circle" idea, but the inclusion here was original research. Not to say you were the first with the idea, but rather that the elaboration here was OR in that you provided Constitutional references and then advanced the "vicious circle" idea based upon the parts you were tying together.  People can come up with all sorts of things; we are supposed to use reliable sources and aim for neutrality here.  My experience has it that Iranians are prone to believing conspiracy theories, sometimes very absurd conspiracy theories.  But I am not going to go to a page on WP about Iranians and say that they are prone to believing conspiracy theories, even if I develop a completely legitimate case, because working from my own observations and arguments is original research.

 * Please find somebody to translate some sources which I introduced to you, to see how they conclude their claim. You will find out that they use more or less the same reasoning. I only summarized it.
 * Beware, Iranians are very clever politicians!Farhoudk 17:39, 9 February 2007 (UTC)

 * Actually, you should mention Mehdi Khalaji or whoever else is the source of a statement appearing in the "Criticisms" section.
 * Yes, note that "Criticism" is a much more appropriate title than "Vicious Circle" in this neutral encyclopedia. I envision any inclusion of this information as looking like my example from above, and it is good that Haukur agrees.  Also, the title will allow neutral coverage of other criticism to be added.  Remember, undue weight will not be given to criticism anyway, since the main purpose of the article is to simply detail the structure and purposes of the institutions.  The Behnam 03:51, 9 February 2007 (UTC)

 * Do not offend WP editors, please. This is not a good idea.
 * OK. Please add "Criticism". Or let me know if you want me to add it.
 * I have also other criticism which I will add them as sub-sections of "Criticism". And please take a look at them in future.
 * Farhoudk 07:20, 9 February 2007 (UTC)

OK, I'm just trying to figure out what variant of my sentence above should be used here. My sentence was about Khalaji's view of the Assembly of Experts, but this is the Guardian Council article. Any suggestions? And yes, I'm willing to check & adjust for neutrality on any criticism you add. It is good we had this discussion. The Behnam 17:30, 9 February 2007 (UTC)

Good luck Farhoudk 21:00, 9 February 2007 (UTC)

Solution
I read some of those sources and here are some thoughts:
 * The criticism of the "circle" be included under title of criticism rather than WP:WW vicious
 * It should be mentioned that those claiming a circle are from the reformer parties; the response refuting this from conservatives should be there as well: http://www.kayhannews.ir/851006/12.htm#other1206

Behnam is right about OR; the problem with many OR on Iran articles is causing problems, for example see the Tfd bellow, which has been on wiki and its based on Patchouli's own false interpretation of the constitution. --Gerash77 05:39, 10 February 2007 (UTC)
 * Is it possible that you add that info? I'm only studying my first year of Persian and I'm definitely not able to tackle big things like those websites. Perhaps my structure from above can be used, except Mehdi Khalaji can be replaced with "Reformist groups" or something like that to reflect multiple sources.  Then the conservative response can be given.  I try to be as useful as possible, but it is difficult when it comes to non-English sources.  I'll check over neutrality in any case; it is important that both sides are represented neutrally if there is going to be a "Criticism" section at all.  The Behnam 06:19, 10 February 2007 (UTC)

Farhoudk 18:13, 10 February 2007 (UTC)
 * It is better to avoid describing VPs of various parties. This will deviate one from the main subject.
 * I will do my best to find some responses to "circle" from primary sources. But http://www.kayhannews.ir/851006/12.htm#other1206 does not have anything important to mention, I am afraid. It does not reflect VPs of Keyhan as well, since the article has been written by a reader, not an editor of Keyhan. Conservative parties usually avoid touching the "circle" problem.
 * Well, you can add the "Criticism" section for now, and others can add the conservative response later. Just make sure that it is not OR and not POV.  We aren't trying to make our own case here, or convince the readers of anything.  The section should only inform readers of what the criticism is and who said it, but shouldn't actually argue the ideas.  If you want to add a criticism section, please do.  I will keep watching to make sure the section is in line with the principles stated in this discussion, and will comment accordingly on this talk page.  The Behnam 18:34, 10 February 2007 (UTC)

Terminology: You can see that it is a well defined term. "Vicious circle" is not an offensive word. If you want to delete part of it, the meaning will change. So leave it as it is. Farhoudk 06:02, 11 February 2007 (UTC)
 * Consice Oxford Dictionary describes "Vicious Circle" as: "a sequence of reciprocal cause and effect in which two or more elements intensify and aggravate each other, leading inexorably to a worsening of the situation."
 * http://www.thefreedictionary.com/vicious+circle says: "A situation in which the apparent solution of one problem in a chain of circumstances creates a new problem and increases the difficulty of solving the original problem. Also called vicious cycle."
 * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vicious_circle says: Vicious circle
 * http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/vicious%20circle also is good.

 * Thank you for bringing the dictionary into it. This strengthens my assertion that the term is POV, since the definitions you provided clearly are talking about 'problems.'  So we will not have a section entitled "Vicious Circle," or in any way arguing the view of "Vicious Circle."  Instead, we will address the topic neutrally under a "Criticism" section.  The Behnam 07:09, 11 February 2007 (UTC)

So please do it yourself. Farhoudk 09:50, 11 February 2007 (UTC)
 * Yes, but I had a problem as I stated above. The Khalaji source used "vicious circle," but that was for the Assembly of Experts.  What about the Guardian Council?  The Behnam 18:48, 11 February 2007 (UTC)

 * I don't see why should we repeat this issue in every Iranian article when its already discussed in Politics_of_Islamic_Republic_of_Iran--Gerash77 04:35, 12 February 2007 (UTC)
 * I didn't even know about that. I just got involved because of the POV OR section in this article.  The Behnam 04:39, 12 February 2007 (UTC)

 * I added refs and other pov to that section. Politics_of_Islamic_Republic_of_Iran--Gerash77 05:36, 12 February 2007 (UTC)
 * Almost all the POV OR is added to the Iran articles by user:Patchouli. his behaviour has gotten on my nerves a few times! Nevertheless he has contributed an enormous amount of time and energy to Iranian articles, which is why I have never asked for his blocking, despite infintely many violations! The problem is many people mistake wiki for a weblog. But if we let these people go, no one else is there to edit our articles.--Gerash77 05:53, 12 February 2007 (UTC)
 * It is even more of a problem that a certain user spends so much time and energy adding POV OR. There even appears to be sort of a 'network' of articles, all created by him and tied together, that are mostly POV and often OR.  If something could be done about this user, it would probably be better for the system.  It is better not to have an article than to have a POV OR article.  Some of the articles aren't even real concepts discussed by reliable sources! It is really getting out of hand.  The Behnam 05:58, 12 February 2007 (UTC)
 * It does reduce WP crediblity to a great extent. But considering his magificent level of time and energy I would say if he gets banned, he would turn out to be one of those users who evade the bans to vandalize articles even further. I think the best would be to let him be until he cools down.--Gerash77 06:10, 12 February 2007 (UTC)

That is good. Hey, why don't we just have criticism sections for Guardian Council, Assembly of Experts, and any other page that was affected by the "Vicious Circle" section just route to Politics_of_Islamic_Republic_of_Iran? It would really centralize the issue, since it is about certain institutions constituting a loop together. The Behnam 05:49, 12 February 2007 (UTC)
 * centralization of relevent material is a wiki policy, unless patchouli decide to WP:IGNORE!--Gerash77 06:10, 12 February 2007 (UTC)
 * Except that he wouldn't be improving the encyclopedia by ignoring the rules. The Behnam 06:30, 12 February 2007 (UTC)

Politics_of_Islamic_Republic_of_Iran describes the problem very well. It is a good idea to add it to http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guardian_Council#See_also Farhoudk 06:49, 12 February 2007 (UTC)

About "Terminology" above I meant: add a section named as "Criticism" and you can use the term "vicious circle" in this section and I think nobody will be offended since it is a predefined term. Farhoudk 07:07, 12 February 2007 (UTC)

Here is what had been deleted by The Behnam since he believe that it is an OR; and finally we came to agreement:

A kind of vicious circle can be understood from Iranian constitution with respect to authorities of the Supreme Leader, the Assembly of Experts and the Guardian Council. Therefore rejection by Guardian Council of the candidates from rival parties is possible in the campaign for the Assembly of Experts. This will cause the chairs for the Supreme Leader, the Guardian Council and the Assemply of Experts remain in the hands of specified party/parties. It is in violatation with principles of Political Equality between all citizens of a democratic country.
 * First according to article No. 111 of the constitution Whenever the Leader becomes incapable, recognized by Assembly of Experts, of fulfilling his constitutional duties he will be dismissed by them.
 * Second according to article No. 91 of the constitution the six cleric members of the Guardian Council are selected by the Supreme Leader and six jurists nominated by the Head of the Judicial Power and approved by Majlis.
 * Third According to article No. 110 of the constitution, one of duties and authorities of the Supreme Leader is appointment, dismissal, and resignation of the Head of the Judicial Power.
 * Fourth according to article No. 99 of the constitution the Guardian Council has the responsibility of supervising the elections of the Assembly of Experts, which based on this authority it issues a permission for the candidates to run for election or rejects them.

Farhoudk 05:47, 11 March 2007 (UTC)

 * I simply undid a revision that manipulated the order of conversation on the page by inappropriately placing this chunk of OR above one of my responses. And I don't understand why you have done this; it doesn't appear to add anything to what is largely a finished discussion.  The Behnam 05:50, 11 March 2007 (UTC)

TfD nomination of Template:Tricameral legislature of Islamic Republic of Iran
Template:Tricameral legislature of Islamic Republic of Iran has been nominated for deletion. You are invited to comment on the discussion at the template's entry on the Templates for Deletion page. Thank you. --Gerash77 01:45, 10 February 2007 (UTC)

I request pictures!
Ever since all of the photos got deleted in this change... I would like to see sourced photos. MrMacMan 22:51, 20 February 2007 (UTC)

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Rename to constitutional council?
The official website is calling itself the Constitutional Council. It looks like this is the official translation - should we move this article? Secretlondon (talk) 16:01, 22 June 2021 (UTC)

 * This was brought up in March 2021 and user Arccosecant indicated that it went against WP:COMMONNAME - has this changed? (See article history, revision of 15 March 2021) Uhnyt Eiolog (talk) 04:59, 25 January 2022 (UTC)

State Department Source
Who is the genius who had the idea to use the US State Department as an “unbiased and objective source?”

I move to remove the addition and/or find an unbiased citation that says something similar. 2001:1970:5163:1200:0:0:0:E6B (talk) 03:40, 21 August 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Guardian Council


text:
User talk:Gwynevere1

Image Tagging Image:AnneLarge.jpg
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text:
J. A. Prestwich Industries

J. A. Prestwich Industries, was a British engineering equipment manufacturing company named after founder John Alfred Prestwich, which was formed in 1951 by the amalgamation of J. A. Prestwich and Company Limited and Pencils Ltd.

History
John Prestwich, an engineer, commenced manufacture of scientific instruments in 1895, when he was 20, initially behind his father's house at 1 Lansdowne Road, Tottenham, London. By 1911 he had moved to new premises in Tariff Road, within the Northumberland Park area of Tottenham, London, and which still exists as of 2015. Prestwich was initially best known for his cinematography cameras and projectors. He worked with S.Z. de Ferranti and later the cinema pioneer William Friese-Greene.

Circa 1902 J. A. Prestwich and Company began manufacturing motorcycle engines which were used in many motorcycle marques. The motorcycle engines were associated with racing and record success and were used in speedway bikes into the 1960s. Prestwich also made engines for aeroplanes. In 1919 Prestwich formed Pencils Limited to exploit his invention of new machinery and the company made Master Pencils, also in Tariff Road. In the nineteen thirties engine production increasingly focused on small industrial and agricultural engines. During WWII Prestwich produced around 240,000 industrial petrol engines in support of the war effort, together with millions of aircraft parts, fuses, etc.

In 1951 the assets of J. A. Prestwich and Company Limited and Pencils Ltd were taken over by J. A. Prestwich Industries Limited which was registered on 23 April 1951 and floated on the London Stock Exchange shortly after. By 1957 practically all the shares in the company had been acquired by Villiers Engineering Company Limited of Wolverhampton, which also made motorcycle and industrial engines. The engineering works in Northumberland Park closed in 1963 and J. A. Prestwich Industries Limited was liquidated in 1964.

Papers, photographs and publicity material relating to the company are held at the Bruce Castle Museum, Tottenham and the Science Museum Library & Archives at the Science Museum at Wroughton.

Motorcycles
From 1903 to 1908 complete motorcycles were produced from the development of the first overhead valve motorcycle engine to be produced in the UK.

After that the factory concentrated on supplying its engines to other manufacturers, including Brough Superior, Triumph Motorcycles, A. J. Stevens & Co. Ltd, Enfield Cycle Co, Hazlewoods Limited, Zenith Motorcycles, Grindlay Peerless and HRD Motorcycles, the forerunner of Vincent Motorcycles. Machines that incorporated its engines included the AJS Model D, fabricated for the Russians in the First World War.

JAP exported significant numbers of engines to foreign motorcycle manufacturers including Dresch and Terrot in France, and Ardie, Hecker and Tornax in Germany.

Latterly, JAP engines (under Villiers control) were used in motorcycle racing, and most commonly speedway or dirt track. Various enthusiasts continued development of the engine into the 1970s primarily for grass track, speedway and long track use. Variants included the use of 4 valve heads, twin spark plugs and early electronic ignition systems. Some were modified to run as alcohol fuelled engines primarily for speedway use. All the engines were 4 stroke. Use of the engine declined in the 1970s as competing engines from Jawa-CZ and Weslake were developed giving better performance.

Aircraft engines
Early aircraft were light and basic, and needed a reliable lightweight engine for power. JAP motorcycle engines were often used in this application. A JAP engine was originally fitted in A V Roe's 1909 triplane, regarded as the first all-British aircraft, and for a while Prestwich and Roe had a partnership. J. A. Prestwich at first would deliver the same engine to the aircraft manufacturer, allowing them to make local modifications – mainly larger venturi tubes for the carburettor, to allow for greater air intake at altitude. In the late 1920s and early 1930s J. A. Prestwich produced various heavier engines under licence, including those for the UK market for Aeronca.

Motorcar engines
JAP engines were extensively used in cyclecars in the 1910 to 1914 period when they were popular with small manufacturers. In 1914 JAP announced a new engine made specifically for the cyclecar: a V-twin of 90mm bore and 85mm stroke (1082cc). The engine had a larger flywheel than the motorcycle engine and an enclosed magneto drive. The engine was illustrated fitted to a Morgan three-wheeler.

In light of JAP's development of high-powered light engines for speedway, some low volume pre-war car manufacturers, including G.N., T.B., Morgan Motor Company and Reliant, used JAP engines to power their vehicles.

This use of the JAP extended into motor racing after WWII. Most were used in specialist UK lightweight formulas, or more extensively in Formula 3 and Formula 2 racing and in hillclimbing after developments by John Cooper. Cooper cars powered by JAP engines won the British Hill Climb Championship for eleven consecutive years.

In its later life, J. A. Prestwich produced components for other vehicle manufacturers, including the cylinder head for the Lotus Cortina and the early versions of the Ford-based Lotus Elan engine.

Film production and projection
Cinematographic equipment including cameras, printers, mutoscopes, cutting and perforating machines, and projectors, such as the Bioscope projectors for the Warwick Trading Company and Charles Urban, were produced by the company in the early part of the 20th century.

Railway trolleys
Early models of the railway maintenance ganger's Wickham trolley, from 1948, used a vee-twin JAP engine. This drove through a large flat flywheel and a friction drive. In the 1950s other Wickham trolleys used the 600 cc JAP engine and drove through a clutch, tail shaft and bevel drive.

Utility engines
J. A. Prestwich also made small utility engines under the JAP name for a variety of uses, both stationary and in motorised equipment. They ranged in size from the smallest model 0 two-stroke engine to the much larger type 6 engine, and were used on rotovators, generating sets, milking sets, water pumps, lawnmowers, hay elevators and other agricultural machines. Most were 4-stroke, but there were some 2-stroke engines such as the model 0; they were quite reliable, and examples can still be seen at vintage rallies around Britain.

While most of the engines bore the JAP name, some, such as the model 3 OHV engine made for Arthur Lyon & Co for their ALCO generator sets, had timing covers with the name ALCO Featherweight cast in.

J.A.P. also had a factory in Chelmsford Road, Southgate, London, employing 40 to 50 people, where these engines were being made in 1955.

title: J. A. Prestwich Industries


text:
User talk:Radagast

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Go Transit
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Berlin to Kitchener name change
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Nomination of Complexly for deletion
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The images do not match the description on mobile devices
The images do not match the description on mobile devices.

Awesome fix ! — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2601:646:9A80:EA0:3027:D5A:B359:CA8F (talk) 02:59, 16 May 2022 (UTC)

Changing of User:Radagast/User Kitchener
Hey. Do you think you could either A) convert this userbox to using the userbox template (Like in User:PerfectSoundWhatever/UBX/Kitchener) or B) Add a check that prevents adding the category to certain pages? Your userbox is causing Category:Wikipedians in Kitchener, Ontario to appear under self-categorising categories. Thanks. Aidan9382 (talk) 06:59, 18 May 2022 (UTC)

Also pinging as they seem to have done quite a few edits relevant to this. Aidan9382 (talk) 07:00, 18 May 2022 (UTC)

 * Done! Radagast (talk) 12:41, 18 May 2022 (UTC)

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WIkiProject Doctor Who Newsletter: July 2024
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 04:31, 20 July 2024 (UTC)

title: User talk:Radagast


text:
User:Gajon

Articles I've started:

 * Soulscar: a Canadian death metal band.

Articles I've contributed to:

 * Torreón
 * List_of_Mexico_radio_programs
 * Manntis
 * Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?

title: User:Gajon


text: User talk:195.92.47.100

title: User talk:195.92.47.100


text:
User talk:Superquarterback

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! -Hmib 15:24, 25 August 2005 (UTC)
 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
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Hiya!
You could look at China-related topics notice board, there's a list of requested articles. I just requested articles for all the "Units" I could find, since besides Unit 100, 516 and 731 there are no articles for them. ]:( It's like not having articles for Buchenwald, Auschwitz and all the concentration camps... I'm thinking now that we should perhaps, go for quantity before quality - make lots of small/short articles on topics that are deficient, THEN we go find as much stuff about them as possible. But it's up to you, of course.

Did you create an account on de? If so what's the username? Überquarterback???

Cheers! -Hmib 15:24, 25 August 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Superquarterback


text:
Talk:Politics of Andhra Pradesh

Untitled
Carved out of Andhra Pradesh article's Politics section as it becoming messy there. Made some sections to organize. --Vyzasatya 15:24, 25 August 2005 (UTC)

Hi Vikram, We can sort out this editing stuff. let us discuss here --Vyzasatya 22:22, 2 September 2005 (UTC)

Hello Vyzasatya:

You might a BIG NTR fan but please don't change the facts of AP just because YOU like him and PLEASE let a movie star be a movie start DON"T HIGHLIGHT his as "Sri Krishna Devaraya." These were your wordings: "Because of the mini-Renaissance that occurred under NTR's leadership, he is often compared to Sri Krishna Devaraya".

There is nothing wrong to be a FAN of NTR or anybody. Well, I am not trying to label or Bias you or anybody here just because they are fans of TDP or Congress (or they belong to a certain Caste). This bias will only lead to a fight and Hot discussion which is No different then words spoken by Fundamentalists.

I do like NTR and I do admire him but its not good to give 100% highlight and focus for him and Ignore the rest of the Chief ministers of A.P. I guess you will take my words in a Positive way.

I would really appreciate (and honor your work which you volunteered) if you can give atleast a little importance for the other chief ministers who served A.P. Well, we might like some one (they are very special to us) but when we address a state our likes/dislikes have little importance but putting facts (rather than highlighting someone we like) honors our work and is appreciated by others. You had spent a lot of effort and time in highlight NTR (thats fine) but what about other Chief Ministers ? Just because they had the last Name :”REDDY” annoyed you to not even refer them once in your BIG effort of showing AP to the world ? Buddy, Even they became chief Ministers when only the 6.2 crore people of A.P voted in favor of them.

Well, we can argue and fight based on what or who we like (we all know politics no body is ignorant). but that will only lead us to WHAT ?

Freedom of opinion should not reflect Bias to our likes/dislikes.

Well, you took so much time and effort to write about NTR “ See below: "Nandamuri Taraka Rama Rao (NTR) a Telugu movie star is the first chief minister from the Film community in Andhra Pradesh. NTR built his Telugu Desam Party with the support of people's dissent arising out of frequent changes in chief ministers of Andhra Pradesh by Smt.Indira Gandhi, chief of Congress party and a public insult to Sri.Tanguturi Anjaiah a chief minister by Sri. Rajiv Gandhi, son of Smt.Indira Gandhi at the Hyderabad Airport. The Telugu people were used to such acts and insult to Telugu Pride and then NTR decided to plunge into politics and found overwhelming support from the people all over AP. His campaign against Congress was aided by the coverage in the Telugu daily Eenadu, owned by media baron Ramoji Rao. NTR started a new party by name Telugu Desam (meaning, Land of Telugus) and was voted into power in a record time of 9 months. The NTR administration took steps to promote Telugu language and culture.

On the "Tank Bund" of the Hussain Sagar lake, NTR had statues installed of those people who unarguably contributed to Telugu/Andhra culture. These figures include famous poets, musicians, and historic figures."

So what happened to Others ? Just because you didn't liked them have they lost there importance ?

Final advice: "What matters in the end (of our life) is how others look at us NOT what we like/dislike"

 * Reply to the above
 * Please signin so that I would know who I am talking to.
 * I sure believe without any question that this article is biased.
 * The writings you attribute to me are not mine if you take time and look into history. I only reorganized stuff someone else wrote. Most of the material is only offshoot of Andhra Pradesh Politics section cleanup. I just pasted it from their so that It will be cleaned later by someone.
 * I am a Rayalaseema Reddy.(If you dont believe you can google it) I undertook the cleanup of both Kamma and Reddy. I am fighting vandalism on Kamma. If that will prove my intentions. I have never voted in India. Nor do I favor any political party. I did some work on YSR article too. you can check.
 * I am a sysop in telugu wikipedia and always tried to maintain NPOV.

--Vyzasatya 04:47, 5 October 2005 (UTC)

Hi all,

My name is Varun Vuppala, and I think I need to step into the discussion here, since a lot of the edits that seem to be causing rife are my work.

First off, I moved to the States after LKG, so I am *definitely* not biased in Andhra politics. All I did was clean up the article a bit. I did notice that the article was NPOV, but as you can imagine, I only know NTR from watching movies with my parents.

I changed the original, "Thanks to his contribution to Telugus, one often sees him as the second Sri Krishna Devaraya. Krishna Devaraya is the ruler of Vijayanagar empire whose capital is Hampi."

to

"Because of the mini-Renaissance that occured under NTR's leadership, he is often compared to Sri Krishna Devaraya."

I did not write the original article. I simply edited it to make it more readable, and a little less biased.

Look forward to working with you guys to add about other Andhra CMs here.

Vvuppala 16:43, 6 October 2005 (UTC)

Hi All,

I'm very much intersted and want to know what insult was done to Tanguturi Anjaiah CM of AP by Rajiv Gandhi S/o Indira Gandhi. Guys would you please post replt for this....

Thanks, Telugu Guy from USA

Name
Should this be called Politics of Andhra Pradesh in line with the Politics of present-day nations and states Politics of country subdivisions series?? AndrewRT(Talk) 22:16, 13 October 2007 (UTC)  AndrewRT(Talk) 18:15, 14 October 2007 (UTC)

The neutrality of this article is questionable. The page resembles a fan page rather than an article. --Sudhirb (talk) 13:12, 15 April 2008 (UTC)

Parties in the lead
I think Congress should be moved to the "main parties" sentence as it's either Congress or TDP for the last 3 decades, and "only" Congress before TDP formed. YSRCP joined in the last decade to the main parties list. JSP, CPI / CPI (M) should be added to the "other parties" as JSP won a seat and has gained a fair share of votes, and the communist parties have a significant roles, won seats and significant share of votes. Probably need to update how the lead reads too. -- DaxServer (talk) 16:03, 22 August 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Politics of Andhra Pradesh


text:
Carlmont High School

Carlmont High School is a public high school in Belmont, California, United States serving grades 9–12 as part of the Sequoia Union High School District. Carlmont is a California Distinguished School.

Carlmont was founded in 1952 as "a school within a school" at Sequoia High School, with four hundred fifty freshman and sophomore students.

Name
Its name derives from the campus straddling the two adjacent cities of San Carlos and Belmont (thus the portmanteau of San Carlos + Belmont). Because this hilly area is referred to as "the highlands", the school team was named "The Scots", and the mascot is a kilted Scottish highland warrior, named Carl Monty. The Carlmont campus was built on 42 acre at a cost of about $2.5 million. Carlmont students come from Belmont, San Carlos, Redwood City, Redwood Shores, and East Palo Alto.

Dangerous Minds
The novel My Posse Don't Do Homework by LouAnne Johnson and subsequent movie adaptation Dangerous Minds (1995) were based upon her experience as a teacher at Carlmont in the 1990s. In the film, the school was named Parkmont. Most of her students were African-Americans and Hispanics bused in to Carlmont from East Palo Alto, a town at the opposite end of the school district from Carlmont.

With the closure of Ravenswood High School in East Palo Alto in the late 1970s, instead of the school district complying with the Brown v. Board of Education (1954) and Mendez v. Westminster (1947), 2 US Supreme Court rulings that a student is legally required to attend the closest school to their home, the predominantly African-American, Hispanic and Pacific Islander students were forced by the District to be bused to other high schools in the Sequoia High School District, including Carlmont, which had a predominantly Caucasian population at the time.

Staff conduct investigation
In 2020, the Sequoia Union High School District discussed in a closed meeting the possibility of firing former Vice Principal Jennifer Cho of Carlmont High School for inappropriate relationships with male students. The investigation of Cho's actions emerged from a Change.org petition launched by a former student, which had gained large traction among students and families of Carlmont High School. During the investigation, Cho was placed on administrative leave. In late May, Cho was removed from her position as Vice Principal of Carlmont High School and relocated elsewhere in the district.

This incident followed Cho's previous investigation in 2017, when a former Carlmont coach reported her to the district and Child protective services after overhearing student athletes talking about inappropriate interactions with Cho in the locker room.

Transportation
Carlmont can be accessed by driving and Samtrans routes 60, 61, 62, 260, and 295.

Demographics (2020–2021 school year)

 * 2,309 students: 1,137 Male (49.2%), 1,172 Female (50.8%)

Notable alumni

 * Craig Barrett, Class of 1957, former chief executive officer, Intel Corporation.
 * Benny Luo, Class of 2006, Founder, NextShark, NewMediaRockstars, Forbes 30 Under 30, 2018
 * Ryan Boschetti, Class of 1999, defensive tackle former National Football League (NFL) defensive lineman.
 * Dana Carvey, Class of 1973, actor and comedian.
 * Tiffany Lam, Class of 1999, former Miss Hong Kong 2002.
 * Michelle McLaughlin, Class of 2004, Playboy Playmate of the Month for February 2008.
 * David Nelson, Class of 1961, musician
 * Bill Ring, Class of 1975, played for the San Francisco 49ers in the early 1980s.
 * Devin Wyman, Class of 1992, NFL Linebacker for the New England Patriots.
 * Dana Leong, Class of 1998, 2011 Grammy Award Winning multi-instrumentalist, composer and producer

title: Carlmont High School


text:
Crenshaw High School

Crenshaw High School is a four-year public secondary school in the Los Angeles Unified School District, located on 11th Avenue in the Hyde Park neighborhood of Los Angeles, California.

The school first opened in 1968 and currently enrolls around 750 students.

History and background
Crenshaw High School opened in January 1968. The school drew students from several neighborhoods, including Baldwin Hills, Leimert Park, Crenshaw, as well as a few other neighborhoods. The school's student body began with students from wealthier communities. Most of the students who attended Crenshaw High lived in or near this neighborhood of Los Angeles. The total school enrollment at Crenshaw high school, as of the spring of 2020 is less than 700 students.

Several areas, including the wealthy unincorporated Los Angeles County community of View Park-Windsor Hills are zoned to Crenshaw; some sections of View Park-Windsor Hills are jointly zoned to Crenshaw and Westchester High School. On August 15, 2005, Crenshaw High School lost its accreditation due to administrative fraud. The accreditation was restored on February 1, 2006.

Principals
The first principal of Crenshaw High School was Robert Case, who opened the high school in January 1968. Former Los Angeles Unified School District Superintendent Sidney A. Thompson was the school's second principal. Jewell Boutte was principal in 1988 when she was awarded the prestigious Milken Educator Award for innovations she brought to the school.

Carrie Allen, formerly an administrator for the Pasadena Unified School District in Pasadena, California became principal in 2009. Allen was replaced in summer 2011 by Sylvia Rousseau. Rousseau was formerly the principal at Santa Monica High School and the superintendent of a local district in LAUSD. She has also served on the faculty at USC's Rossier School of Education. In 2013 L. R. Corley became principal and served as principal until June 2018. Peter Benefiel became the new principal in 2018 and served until June 2021. In June of 2021, Donald Moorer became the new principal of Crenshaw High School.

Sports
Crenshaw High's rival is Susan Miller Dorsey High School.

Football
The school's football team played in the state championship bowl game on December 19, 2009, at the Home Depot Center in Carson, California. Concord's De La Salle High School defeated Crenshaw's football team 28–14 to win the state title. They ended the season 14–1. The Crenshaw football team went on to and win back to back championships, under the leadership of Head Coach Robert Garrett. In 2017, Crenshaw returned to the state championship, hosting Placer High School and winning 46–43.

In 2004, film star Kirk Douglas and the Amateur Athletic Foundation (AAF) donated stadium lights for the school's football stadium. The Crenshaw High School Varsity Football team won its first "Championship Division" Los Angeles City championship in 2005, defeating Woodland Hills Taft High School. A "AAA" Championship was won in 1992, defeating Chatsworth High School.

Crenshaw has won six State titles in football: 1992 AAA champs 2005 Div 1 champs 2009 Div 1 champs 2009 State Runners-up 2010 Div 1 champs 2013 Div 1 champs 2017 State champs 2022 Div 3 champs

Basketball
The Boys Basketball team has won numerous L.A. City and California State basketball titles. Crenshaw also won the International High School Basketball Tournament in Ahus, Skåne County, Sweden in the 1985 basketball season, highlighted by high scoring games with the team scoring 191 points vs. Ireland's high school basketball team  and Crenshaw scoring 197 points vs. Cyprus High School of Magna, Utah. Throughout the school history, the Crenshaw's boys basketball team has participated in The Les Schwab Invitational, a national tournament played in the state of Oregon along with tournaments throughout the United States, including the state of Alaska.

The team was coached for more than thirty years by Willie E. West Jr., who retired in 2007 and was succeeded by Ed Waters. The gymnasium where the team plays is named the Willie E. West Jr. Pavilion.

College recruits
Many standout athletes for Crenshaw in basketball, baseball and football have gone on to have success in college and professional careers, with Crenshaw High being often serving as a pipeline to NCAA Division I colleges such as University of Kentucky, UCLA, USC, Duke, Florida and Oregon amongst other colleges.

Notable alumni

 * Albert Bell - former NFL wide receiver
 * Jerome Boyd - former NFL linebacker
 * V. Bozeman - singer and actress
 * Chris Brown - Major League Baseball All-Star third baseman with San Francisco Giants
 * Darrell Brown (baseball) - Major League Baseball outfielder
 * Stanley Brundy (born 1967) - basketball player
 * James T. Butts, Jr. - Inglewood mayor, was first black and youngest Santa Monica Police Department police chief
 * Darwin Cook - basketball player, selected by Detroit Pistons in 1980 NBA draft; played with New Jersey Nets, Washington Bullets, Denver Nuggets and San Antonio Spurs
 * James Davis - former NFL cornerback
 * Charles DeJurnett - former NFL defensive tackle
 * Greg Ducre - NFL cornerback
 * D-Roc the Executioner - guitarist
 * Larry Elder - radio personality
 * Solomon Elimimian - gridiron football player
 * Ernie C - guitarist
 * Duane Galloway - former NFL cornerback
 * Akbar Gbaja-Biamila - NFL player, broadcaster for CBS College Sports Network, co-hosts American Ninja Warrior
 * Kabeer Gbaja-Biamila - Green Bay Packers football player, Packers record holder for all-time sacks
 * Don Goodman - NFL running back
 * Johnny Gray - American record holder in 800 meters, 1992 Olympic bronze medalist; 4-time Olympian; 1987, 1999 Pan Am Games champion; 7-time U.S. Outdoor national champion; 3-time Olympic Trials champion
 * Ajene Harris - professional football cornerback
 * Dominique Hatfield - American football cornerback for the Los Angeles Rams
 * Daiyan Henley - NFL linebacker
 * Dante Hughes - former NFL cornerback
 * Nipsey Hussle (born 1985) - HipHop artist and philanthropist
 * Ice-T - musician, recording artist, actor for NBC's Law & Order: Special Victims Unit
 * Kris Johnson - professional basketball player, son of Marques Johnson
 * Marques Johnson - Fox Sports analyst, former UCLA and NBA player, 1975 NCAA champion, actor in  White Men Can't Jump
 * Kerry Justin - former NFL cornerback
 * Sid Justin - singer, songwriter, former NFL defensive back
 * Left Brain (Vyron Turner) - musician, Odd Future
 * Charles Lockett - NFL player
 * Jim Looney - linebacker for NFL's San Francisco 49ers
 * Mike G (Michael Anthony Griffin II) - rapper and DJ, Odd Future
 * Willie Mack - Professional wrestler
 * Brandon Mebane - defensive tackle, Los Angeles Chargers
 * Kevin Ollie - basketball head coach of University of Connecticut, winner of 2014 NCAA National Championship; former UConn and NBA player
 * Brian Price - UCLA football player, Pac-10 Pat Tillman defensive player of the year, 2009
 * Hayes Pullard III - linebacker for NFL's Los Angeles Chargers
 * Trayvon Robinson - Major League Baseball player, Baltimore Orioles organization
 * Robin Russell - drummer, member of New Birth/Nite-Liters (band)
 * Schoolboy Q - musician, member of Top Dawg Entertainment
 * Pamela L. Spratlen - U.S. diplomat; ambassador to Kyrgyzstan (2011–2014) and Uzbekistan (2015–2018)
 * Misty Stone - pornographic actress and model
 * Darryl Strawberry - first overall pick in 1980 Major League Baseball Draft by New York Mets, named National League Rookie of the Year in 1983; 8-time All-Star who was part of teams winning three World Series; hit 335 home runs with Mets, Los Angeles Dodgers, San Francisco Giants and New York Yankees
 * De'Anthony Thomas - wide receiver and kick returner for Baltimore Ravens
 * Stephen Thompson - assistant coach for Oregon State University, player for Syracuse
 * Thundercat - American bass guitarist, singer, and songwriter from Los Angeles
 * Wendell Tyler - football player for UCLA, Los Angeles Rams and San Francisco 49ers; played in two Super Bowls
 * Ellis Valentine - Major League Baseball right fielder remembered for having one of game's all-time great throwing arms; first professional athlete signed out of Crenshaw when Montreal Expos selected him in 1972 Major League Baseball Draft
 * Donald Vega - Nicaraguan-born jazz pianist
 * John Williams - LSU and NBA basketball player
 * Marcus Williams - NBA player for New Jersey Nets, Memphis Grizzlies
 * Michael Williams - football player
 * Victor Ray Wilson - drummer
 * Eric Yarber - wide receivers coach for Los Angeles Rams

Film locations
Crenshaw was featured in the family television series Moesha. It also used its gym for the 2006 film Bring It On: All or Nothing starring Hayden Panettiere and Solange Knowles and Love and Basketball. In 2001, the book And Still We Rise, written by Miles Corwin, chronicled the lives of twelve seniors in the Crenshaw High Gifted & Talented Magnet program in their quest to obtain an education—amidst formidable obstacles. It was also featured in the 2018 film A Wrinkle in Time.

title: Crenshaw High School


text: File:Mtnstunivlogo.jpg

title: File:Mtnstunivlogo.jpg


text:
4581 Asclepius

4581 Asclepius, provisional designation , is a sub-kilometer-sized asteroid, classified as near-Earth object and potentially hazardous asteroid of the Apollo group that makes close orbital passes with Earth. Discovered on 31 March 1989 by American astronomers Henry Holt and Norman Thomas at Palomar Observatory, Asclepius is named after the Greek god of medicine and healing.

Asclepius passed by Earth on 22 March 1989 at a distance of 0.00457 AU. Although this exceeds the Moon's orbital radius, the close pass received attention at that time. "On the cosmic scale of things, that was a close call", said Dr. Henry Holt. Geophysicists estimate that collision with Asclepius would release energy comparable to the explosion of a 600 megaton atomic bomb. The asteroid was discovered 31 March 1989, nine days after its closest approach to the Earth.

Subsequent discoveries revealed that a whole class of such objects exists. Close approaches by objects the size of Asclepius pass by every two or three years, undetected until the start of computerized near-Earth object searches.

On 24 March 2051, the asteroid will pass 0.0123 AU from the Earth. It will be the eighth pass of less than 30 Gm in this century. JPL shows that the uncertainty region of the asteroid will cause it to most likely pass from 0.02 AU to 0.17 AU from the Earth in 2135.

title: 4581 Asclepius


text:
Milwaukee Ballet

The Milwaukee Ballet is a professional ballet company founded by Roberta Boorse of Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States. It is located in Milwaukee, and is currently run by Michael Pink, the artistic director.

History
The Milwaukee Ballet was founded in 1969, and held its first performance on April 24, 1970 at the School of Fine Arts at the University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee. Less than a year later the company began performing in Uihlein Hall at the Marcus Center for the Performing Arts, where it still performs today.

Milwaukee Ballet's Studio was located at the Jodi Peck Center until Fall 2019 until the opening of their new studio, the Baumgartner Center for Dance. The Baumgatner Center for Dance is a new 52,000-foot, state-of-the-art facility in Milwaukee's Third Ward.

In 1975 the Milwaukee Ballet opened an affiliated school, the Milwaukee Ballet School. Today it is the only dance school in the Midwest accredited by the National Association of Schools of Dance, which allows it to offer work visas to foreign dance students.

On average the company holds 45 performances each year, which have an annual attendance of over 50,000 people. Production of the Nutcracker has become a staple of the company, and it continues to be performed annually since 1977.

The Milwaukee Ballet produces at least one world premiere each year.

Former dancers

 * Ryan Martin (2005-2015)

title: Milwaukee Ballet


text:
Talk:Keith Laumer

Bolo Bibliography Mistake?
I'm not very familiar with his works, but I do believe that he only wrote 3 books and 1 omnibus for the Bolo series. Could somebody more familiar with his books confirm? Wahming 15:02, 9 September 2007 (UTC)

It is said...
It is said that a sufficiently skilled neurologist can correctly assess what parts of Laumer's brain were affected by the stroke solely by reading his pre- and post-stroke writing.

Maybe, but who said it, where? Tearlach 15:27, 25 August 2005 (UTC)

Additional Author Credits
After his death, he still continued to receive co-author credits even in 2004. Other authors have written bolo short stories as well as bolo novels (John Ringo, William Keith (http://users.stargate.net/~whkeith/htm/bolo.htm) ). Some of these were published by Baen books.AnimeJanai 04:56, 24 July 2007 (UTC)

Image of Laumer
I'm not into all the copyright rules for images found on the internet. Could someone look into using one of the following images for Laumer's article? http://www.keithlaumer.com/ —Preceding unsigned comment added by StephanNaro (talk • contribs) 20:02, 10 October 2009 (UTC)

Bolo Stories sorted by Bolo and Chronology
Nobody seems to have sorted out which Bolos are used in which stories, so I did it myself. Presenting the Bolo stories in truly chronological order is well nigh impossible due to the way the stories were written. I was more interested to see if there were any serial stories, but to my surprise I could only find two instances of that: S. M. Stirling's trio of short stories about Markee, "Lost Legion", "Ancestral Voices" and "The Sixth Sense"; and David Weber's pair of short stories based in Santa Cruz, "Miles To Go" and "With Your Shield".

I've done the data collection, but the two possible wikipedia entries, for Keith_Laumer and Bolo (tank), are written and arranged so strangely that I have no idea where to put the data up or how to present it. I am also not ready to try to present something this complicated using tables. So I will post this in the talk sections of both.

 * The Compleat Bolo (TCB) by Keith Laumer c. 1990

 * "The Night Of The Trolls" - Bolo Mark II, "The Lesser Troll"; Bolo Mark III, "The Great Troll"
 * "Courier" - Bolo Mark XV Model M, "Resartus"
 * "Field Test" - Bolo Mark XX Model B, DNE "Denny"
 * "The Last Command" - Bolo Mark XXVIII, LNE "Lenny"
 * "A Relic Of War" - Bolo Mark XXV, 954-BBY "Bobby"
 * "Combat Unit" - Bolo Mark XXXI
 * "Rogue Bolo" - Bolo Mark XX Model B, CSR "Caesar" (story erroneously says Mark XXX)
 * "Final Mission" - Bolo Mark XV Model Y, JNA "Jonah/Johnny"
 * "A Short History of the Bolo Fighting Machines"

 * Bolos Book 1: Honor of the Regiment (BB1) ed. Bill Fawcett c. 1993

 * "Lost Legion" by S. M. Stirling - Bolo Mark III, "Markee"
 * "Camelot" by S. N. Lewitt - Bolo Mark XXIV, KNE "Kenny"
 * "The Legacy Of Leonidas" by J. Andrew Keith - Bolo Mark XX Model B, JSN "Jason"
 * "Ploughshare" by Todd Johnson - Bolo Mark XVI Model C, DAK "Das Afrika Korps"
 * "Ghosts" by Mike Resnick & Barry N. Malzberg - Mark LX
 * "The Ghost Of Resartus" by Christopher Stasheff - Bolo Mark XXI, MLS "Miles/Resartus"
 * "Operation Desert Fox" by Mercedes Lackey & Larry Dixon - Bolo Mark XVI, RML "Rommell"
 * "As Our Strength Lessens" by David Drake - Bolo Mark XXX "Maldon"

 * Bolos Book 2: The Unconquerable (BB2) ed. Bill Fawcett c. 1994

 * "Ancestral Voices" by S. M. Stirling - Bolo Mark III, "Markee"
 * "Sir Kendrick's Lady" by S. N. Lewitt - Bolo Mark XXIV, KNE "Kenny"
 * "You're It" by Shirley Meier - Bolo Mark XXIX, LRS "Laura Secord"
 * "Shared Experience" by Christopher Stasheff - Bolo Mark XXVIII, TTN "Titan"; Bolo Mark XXVIII, RPT "Rampart"; Bolo Mark XXVIII, MLN "Merlon"; Bolo Mark XXVIII, DGN "Dragon"; Bolo Mark XXVIII, BWK "Bulwark"; Bolo Mark XXVIII, DJN "Donjon"; Bolo Mark XXVIII, CHT "Chateau"
 * "The Murphosensor Bomb" by Karen Wehrstein - Bolo Mark XXX, KCC "Casey"
 * "Legacy" by Todd Johnson - Mark XXIX Model C
 * "Endings" by William R. Forstchen - Bolo Mark XXXIII, SHM "Sherman"

 * Bolos Book 3: The Triumphant (BB3) ed. David Weber & Linda Evans c.1995

 * "The Farmer's Wife" by Linda Evans - Bolo Mark XX Model M, DGR "Digger"
 * "Little Red Hen" by Linda Evans & Robert R. Hollingsworth - Bolo Mark XXI Model I (Special), LRH "Light Reconaissance Headquarters/Little Red Hen"
 * "Little Dog Gone" by Linda Evans - Bolo Mark XX Model B, GWN "Gawain/Gonner"
 * "Miles To Go" by David Weber - Bolo Mark XXIII Model B (Experimental), NKE "Nike"
 * "A Brief Technical History of the Bolo" by David Weber

 * Bolos Book 4: Last Stand (BB4) ed. Bill Fawcett c. 1997

 * "The Sixth Sun" by S. M. Stirling - Bolo Mark III, "Markee"
 * "The Traitor" by David M. Weber - Bolo Mark XXV Model D, ART "Arthur"; Bolo Mark XXV Model D, LNC "Lance"
 * "Yesterday's Gods" by John Mina & William R. Forstchen - Bolo Mark XXII Model SD (Special Duty), DNR "Danar"
 * "Memories Of Erin" by Robert Greenberger - Bolo Mark XXVIII, HWK "Hawk"
 * "Hold Until Relieved" by William H. Keith, Jr. - Bolo Mark XLIV Model D, LKT "Leuctra/Lucy"
 * "A Question Of Valor" by Todd Johnson - Bolo Mark XXXIX "Cephalus"
 * "In The Flesh" by Steve Perry & John DeCamp - Bolo Mark XXXIX, G141 "Gray"
 * "And Don't Come Back" by Mark Thies - Bolo Mark XXXIIe, DLS "Dallas"
 * "A Time To Kill" by David M. Weber - Bolo Mark XXXIII, SHV "Shiva"
 * "A Brief History Of Human Expansion Beyond Concordiat Space" by Linda Evans

 * Bolos Book 5: Old Guard (BB5) ed. Bill Fawcett c. 2001

 * "Incursions" by Mark Thies - Bolo Mark XXX, DBC "Death By Chains"; Bolo Mark XXX, DBQ "Death By Quarter"
 * "Rook's Gambit" by John Mina - Bolo Mark XXXIV TRK "Turkey"
 * "The Sky is Falling" by J. Steven York & Dean Welsey Smith - Bolo Mark XXXIV ZGY "Ziggy"
 * "Brothers" by William H. Keith - Bolo Mark XXIV, HNK "Hank"; Bolo Mark XXIV, NDR "Andrew"

 * Bolos Book 6: Cold Steel (BB6) ed. Bill Fawcett c. 2002

 * "The Greater Machine" by J. Steven York & Dean Wesley Smith - Bolo Mark XXIV, DRK "Dirk"; Bolo Mark XXV, KNN "Khan"
 * "Though Hell Should Bar the Way" by Linda Evans - Bolo Mark XXIII, SPQ/R "Senator"

 * Bolo! by David Weber (B!) ed. David Weber c. 2005

 * "Miles to Go" (reprinted from BB3)
 * "The Traitor" (reprinted from BB4)
 * "With Your Shield" by David Weber - Bolo Mark XXVIII Model G, BNJ "Benjy"
 * "A Time to Kill" (reprinted from BB4)
 * "A Brief Technical History of the Bolo" (reprinted from BB3)

 * Bolo Novels

 * "Bolo Brigade" by William H. Keith, Jr. c. 1997 - Bolo Mark XXIV, FRD "Ferdy"; Bolo Mark XXIV, FRD "Freddy"
 * "Bolo Rising" by William H. Keith, Jr. c. 1999 - Bolo Mark XXXIII, HCT "Hector"
 * "Bolo Strike" by William H. Keith, Jr. c. 2001 - Bolo Mark XXXIII, "Victor"; Bolo Mark XXXII, LKN "Elken"
 * "The Road To Damascus" by John Ringo & Linda Evans c. 2004 - Bolo Mark XX, LON/SOL "Lonesome Son/Sonny"
 * "Old Soldiers" by David Weber c. 2005 - Bolo Mark XXXI, MKY "Mickey"; Bolo Mark XXVIII LAZ "Lazarus"

 * Books I am ignoring:

 * "The Stars Must Wait" (novel): Laumer expanded "Night Of The Trolls" into a novel, but the short story is better.
 * "The Best of the Bolos: Their Finest Hour": consists entirely of stories already published in the books listed above.

 * Partial chronological order suggested by "A Brief History of Human Expansion Beyond Concordiat Space" (BB4):

 * 1) Lost Legion 2018
 * 2) Ancestral Voices 2018
 * 3) Night of the Trolls 2098
 * 4) Operation Desert Fox 2670
 * 5) Courier 2780
 * 6) Field Test 2796
 * 7) Final Mission 2675, 2800
 * 8) Little Red Hen 2870
 * 9) Ploughshare 2665, 2950
 * 10) Legacy of Leonidas 2961
 * 11) Miles To Go 3000
 * 12) The Farmer's Wife 3069
 * 13) Little Dog Gone 3080
 * 14) Ghost of Resartus 3169
 * 15) Shared Experience 3186
 * 16) Rogue Bolo 3231
 * 17) Relic of War 3231
 * 18) As Our Strength Lessens 3231
 * 19) The Last Command 3231
 * 20) You're It 3231
 * 21) The Murphosensor Bomb 3231
 * 22) Camelot 3241
 * 23) Sir Kendrick's Lady 3241
 * 24) Endings 3520
 * 25) Combat Unit 3606
 * 26) Legacy 11783
 * 27) Ghosts (date unknown)

 * Chronology by Bolo Mark:

 * Mark III: Lost Legion (BB1)
 * Mark III: Ancestral Voices (BB2)
 * Mark III: The Night Of The Trolls (TCB)
 * Mark III: The Sixth Sun (BB4)
 * Mark XV Model M: Courier (TCB)
 * Mark XV Model Y: Final Mission (TCB)
 * Mark XVI: Operation Desert Fox (BB1)
 * Mark XVI Model C: Ploughshare (BB1)
 * Mark XX: The Road To Damascus (novel)
 * Mark XX Model B: Field Test (TCB)
 * Mark XX Model B: The Legacy Of Leonidas (BB1)
 * Mark XX Model B: Rogue Bolo (TCB)
 * Mark XX Model B: Little Dog Gone (BB3)
 * Mark XX Model M: The Farmer's Wife (BB3)
 * Mark XXI: The Ghost Of Resartus (BB1)
 * Mark XXI Model I: Little Red Hen (BB3)
 * Mark XXII Model SD: Yesterday's Gods (BB4)
 * Mark XXIII: Though Hell Should Bar The Way (BB6)
 * Mark XXIII Model B: Miles To Go (BB3)
 * Mark XXIV: Camelot (BB1)
 * Mark XXIV: Sir Kendrick's Lady (BB2)
 * Mark XXIV: Brothers (BB5)
 * Mark XXIV: Bolo Brigade (novel)
 * Mark XXV: A Relic Of War (TCB)
 * Mark XXV: The Greater Machine (BB6)
 * Mark XXV Model D: The Traitor (BB4)
 * Mark XXVIII: Shared Experience (BB2)
 * Mark XXVIII: Memories Of Erin (BB4)
 * Mark XXVIII Model G: With Your Shield (B!)
 * Mark XXIX: You're It (BB2)
 * Mark XXIX Model C: Legacy (BB2)
 * Mark XXX: As Our Strength Lessens (BB1)
 * Mark XXX: The Murphosensor Bomb (BB2)
 * Mark XXX: Incursions (BB5)
 * Mark XXXI: Combat Unit (TCB)
 * Mark XXXI: Old Soldiers (novel)
 * Mark XXXIIe: And Don't Come Back (BB4)
 * Mark XXXIII: Endings (BB2)
 * Mark XXXIII: A Time To Kill (BB4)
 * Mark XXXIII: Bolo Rising (novel)
 * Mark XXXIII: Bolo Strike (novel)
 * Mark XXXIV: Rook's Gambit (BB5)
 * Mark XXXIV: The Sky is Falling (BB5)
 * Mark XXXIX: A Question Of Valor (BB4)
 * Mark XXXIX: In The Flesh (BB4)
 * Mark XLIV Model D: Hold Until Relieved (BB4)
 * Mark LX: Ghosts (BB1)

I grant permission for anyone to use or present this data in a better form than I was able to. Please inform me of any mistakes! --Evilsofa (talk) 19:55, 5 August 2012 (UTC)

title: Talk:Keith Laumer


text:
User:Wigy

About Wigy
Wigy was given the name Vágvölgyi Attila in Meatspace (Did you know, that Hungarians have their family names first?). He was born and lives in Budapest, Hungary.

He is the same user as Wigy in the Hungarian Wikipedia.

His main interests are: Computer Science, Physics, Mathematics, Electric Engineering, Cycling, Ladies

My political bias seems to be 3.00 Left, 3.95 Libertarian

title: User:Wigy


text:
User talk:Wigy

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! 	D. J. Bracey (talk) 15:28, 25 August 2005 (UTC)
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title: User talk:Wigy