text:
User:Cromag

Cromag has been a contributor to Wikipedia since July-August 2005.

I live and study in Lublin, Poland. I'm not exactly fond of the city and look to move to another country – preferrably the USA, Australia or Great Britain – as soon as possible. In the past, I have lived in three countries – the United Arab Emirates, Israel and Poland – for longer periods of time; since I enjoy traveling, I plan to add many more countries to this list. At some point in my life, I was able to communicate in English, Polish, Russian, French, Spanish and, to some extent, Hebrew and German, though I have largely neglected what years of studying these languages had given me. Several months ago, I resumed studying Spanish and French (with emphasis on the former) and, in addition, Latin. Most recently, I have begun studying Portuguese as well.

The articles I edit are quite often focused on music and entertainment, be it hip-hop or country, rock or heavy metal (though I rarely listen to the latter). In addition, I write and edit many computer game articles, especially those related to adventure games; I've been a fan of the latter since the beginning of the 90s and therefore possess some degree of knowledge in that area.

My interests encompass topics connected with international culture, mythology (particularly Greek and Norse), music (currently with emphasis on country, folk and ballroom dance music, in addition to video game soundtracks, film scores and a variety of instrumental music), astronomy (on a very basic level) and history, especially that of medieval times and the World Wars. An English/American culture- and language-related national contest, which was held in 2005 and in which I placed fifteenth, convinced me that the history of the United States of America is at least as fascinating as that of various European states, so I turned to that for a while, with emphasis on the American Civil War, which I plan to research further when I find the time. Several months ago, I discovered and fell in love with ballroom dancing, which I took up and have been practicing since.

WikiProjects
As of 2007, I contribute primarily to four WikiProjects:

 * WikiProject Albums
 * WikiProject Country music
 * WikiProject Video games
 * WikiProject Adventure games

I'd also like to contribute to WikiProject Spoken Wikipedia in the near future, if time permits (see my Planned subpage for details on what articles I plan to record).

Notable contributions
Recently, I've been turning my attention toward articles concerning music, specifically albums. Consequently, most of the more important contributions I've made in the last few months are music-related. In this and other fields, I've managed to accomplish the following:
 * Created and expanded, along with Alcuin, articles for all the albums in the Johnny Cash discography and designed the discography page itself (no easy task, trust me);
 * Created album articles for all C. W. McCall releases;
 * Created album articles for the Waylon Jennings discography with Alcuin;
 * Created articles for all live-action video games released by American Laser Games;
 * Formatted, expanded and stylistically improved the article on Canibus (and added articles for pretty much all his albums), which had been a big mess; also added images;
 * Created a rather expansive article on Mixed-Up Mother Goose, experimenting with galleries in the process;
 * Created articles for the Kris Kristofferson discography, once again with Alcuin;
 * Designed the Johnny Cash template.

Subpages
The following subpages to this user page exist:

 * Planned – pages I hope to create or edit in the near future
 * Created – pages I've created and subsequently contributed to
 * Sandbox – experiments with templates and edits that are to be incorporated into articles gradually
 * Reviews – personal reviews of various albums, written primarily to keep my English skills relatively sharp
 * Deletion nominations – pretty self-explanatory; Wikipedia entries I have nominated for deletion, both successfully and unsuccessfully
 * Spoken – subpage whose purpose is to store files related to WP:SPOKEN, primarily early and/or unfinished versions of articles whose recording process is underway
 * Images – several of my personal favorite images on Wikipedia
 * Personal – personal information, intended as trivia for those who are interested
 * Contributions – pages I've contributed to in some way (discontinued)

title: User:Cromag


text:
Time's Up (Living Colour album)

Time's Up is the second studio album by the band Living Colour, released on August 28, 1990, through Epic Records. It was the follow-up to their successful 1988 album Vivid. Time's Up features a wide range of genres and also includes cameo appearances by Queen Latifah, Little Richard, Doug E. Fresh, Maceo Parker and James Earl Jones. The album reached gold status, peaking at #13 on the Billboard 200, and won a Grammy for Best Hard Rock Performance. It is the final album to feature Muzz Skillings on bass, though it was not his last release with the band (as he appeared on the Biscuits EP). In late February 2014, the album was reissued in Europe by Music On CD and is available once again.

Background
In 2015, Corey Glover explained, "Time's Up was an interesting one, because we spent part of the time making Time's Up in California - we were in LA. We did some of the basic tracks in LA. And that was really weird, because we're New York guys. Hanging out in California and being very 'California' was very strange to us. We were staying in the Valley, and it felt like we were in school, because we had to get up in the morning and I met Will at what felt like the bus stop. It was like, 'OK, we've got to go to work.' And jogging around in California and hanging around in California - and hanging out with the Fishbone guys while we were out there. Just hanging out and trying to dig this California thing, it was very, very interesting. I think it does hold up. With a few exceptions, it might falter, but 'Time's Up' and 'Pride' and the stuff we still play today, I think it still holds up and still works. The song 'Time's Up' is about the environment, and we're still talking about the environment - and the record is 20 years old!"

Music
Time's Up has been described as a hard rock, heavy metal, and funk metal album, with elements of hip hop, jazz,  funk,  jazz fusion, Delta blues, soul,  punk rock, and art rock.

Critical reception
In The Village Voice's annual Pazz & Jop critics' poll for the year's best albums, Time's Up finished at number five.

The album came in at #18 on the 1990 top-25 'albums of the year list' in Kerrang!.

Accolades
Grammy Awards

Banded version
A special US advance promo version omitting "History Lesson", "Ology1" and "Tag Team Partners". Along with the CD, it was also pressed on transparent gold vinyl. Catalog number ESK 2171

Personnel
Living Colour Guest musicians
 * Corey Glover – vocals, rhythm guitar on "Type"
 * Vernon Reid – lead guitar
 * Muzz Skillings – bass
 * Will Calhoun – drums
 * Akbar Ali - strings
 * Charles Burnham - strings
 * Don Byron - clarinet, baritone saxophone
 * Annette Daniels - background vocals
 * D.K. Dyson - background vocals
 * Eileen Folson - strings
 * Doug E. Fresh - percussion, vocals
 * Mick Jagger - background vocals
 * Toshinobu Kubota - background vocals
 * Little Richard - vocals
 * Yubie Navas - background vocals
 * Maceo Parker - saxophone
 * Queen Latifah - vocals
 * Alva Rogers - background vocals
 * Rosa Russ - background vocals
 * Francine Stasium - background vocals
 * Reggie Workman - strings
 * Derin Young - vocals, background vocals

Technical Personnel
 * John Aguto - assistant engineer
 * Greg Calbi - mastering
 * Alan Friedman - programming
 * Lolly Grodner - assistant engineer
 * Paul Hamingson - engineer, assistant engineer
 * Jeff Lippay - assistant engineer
 * Ed Stasium - producer, engineer, mixing
 * Lex Van Pieterson - photography

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Time's Up (Living Colour album)


text:
Albert Salmi

Albert Salmi (March 11, 1928 – April 22, 1990) was an American actor of stage, film, and television. Best known for his work as a character actor, he appeared in over 150 film and television productions.

Early life
Salmi was born and raised in Brooklyn, New York City, the son of Finnish immigrant parents. He attended Haaren High School in Manhattan. Following a stint in the United States Army, Salmi took up acting as a career, studying method acting at the Actors Studio in Manhattan with Lee Strasberg.

Career
In 1955, Salmi starred as Bo Decker in the play Bus Stop on Broadway, and also performed in the touring production of the play. His performance was praised by critics, and Salmi was offered the chance to reprise the role in the film Bus Stop (1956) starring Marilyn Monroe. Salmi turned down the offer because he did not enjoy film work. (Don Murray was later cast as Bo and earned an Academy Award nomination for his performance.)

Despite his numerous appearances in the medium, Salmi shared the opinion of many Actors Studio alumni that roles in film and television were "inferior" to stage work. One of his first television appearances was in the live, televised adaptation of the novel Bang the Drum Slowly (1956), featured on the anthology series The United States Steel Hour opposite Paul Newman and George Peppard. He also had several memorable roles on CBS's The Twilight Zone, including "Of Late I Think of Cliffordville", "A Quality of Mercy", and "Execution". In 1963, he portrayed John Day and Rivers in the episode "Incident of the Pale Rider" on the CBS series Rawhide. In 1964–65, he appeared with Fess Parker as Yadkin in the first season of the Daniel Boone TV series. He later appeared twice as the incorrigible pirate Alonzo P. Tucker on Lost in Space. He appeared in a 1967 episode of Gunsmoke as a killer who comes to an ironic end. For that performance, Salmi was awarded a Western Heritage Award.

From 1974 to 1976, Salmi co-starred in the NBC legal drama Petrocelli as local investigator Pete Ritter.

Salmi's film career included roles in The Unforgiven (1960), The Outrage (1964), Lawman (1971), Escape from the Planet of the Apes (1971), Viva Knievel! (1977), Empire of the Ants (1977), Love and Bullets (1979), Caddyshack (1980), and the Robert Redford prison film Brubaker (1980). He played Greil in Dragonslayer (1981), Geraldine Page's husband in I'm Dancing as Fast as I Can (1982), and the hard-drinking but loving father of character Diana Lawson in Hard to Hold (1984).

Personal life
Salmi met actress Peggy Ann Garner while the two were performing in the National Company touring production of Bus Stop in 1955. They were married on May 18, 1956, in New York City. Their only child, Catherine Ann "Cas" Salmi, was born on March 30, 1957; Catherine died in 1995 of heart disease at the age of 38.

Salmi married Roberta Pollock Taper in 1964. The couple had two daughters, Elizabeth and Jennifer. In 1983, the family moved from Los Angeles to Spokane, Washington, where Salmi went into semi-retirement, taking occasional acting roles. Salmi later taught acting and appeared in community and regional theater.

In February 1990, Albert and Roberta Salmi separated. He moved into their Idaho condominium, while Roberta remained in the family home in Spokane. She filed for divorce on February 6. According to court documents, Roberta Salmi claimed that her husband was an alcoholic who physically abused her when he drank. She also claimed that Salmi threatened her on several occasions, and she was in fear for her life. Roberta later took out a restraining order against her husband. In response to her claims in the court documents, Salmi denied physically abusing Roberta and blamed their estrangement on her emotional issues.

On April 23, 1990, Albert Salmi and his estranged wife Roberta were found dead in their Spokane home by a friend who stopped by to check on her. According to newspaper accounts, Salmi fatally shot Roberta in the kitchen of her home, before shooting himself in an upstairs room.

On April 26, Salmi's funeral was held at the Hennessey-Smith Funeral Home, after which he was cremated and placed in a niche at Greenwood Memorial Terrace cemetery in Spokane; the marker is listed as "Our Beloved Dad".

Filmography

 * The United States Steel Hour (1956–1957, 4 episodes)
 *  Noon on Doomsday (1956) — John Kattrell
 * Bang the Drum Slowly (1956) — Bruce Pierson
 * Survival (1956) — Holmes
 * The Hill Wife (1957) — Joel Shay

 * Alfred Hitchcock Presents (1957) (Season 2 Episode 39: "The Dangerous People") — Jones
 * Alfred Hitchcock Presents (1958) (Season 4 Episode 3: "The Jokester") — Mr. Bradley
 * The Brothers Karamazov (1958) — Smerdjakov
 * Climax! (1958, 2 episodes) — Lieutenant Irwin Nichols
 * Season 4 Episode 24: "The Volcano Seat"
 * Season 4 Episode 32: "Volcano Seat, #2"

 * The Bravados (1958) — Ed Taylor
 * Adventures in Paradise (1959) — Paul LeBlanc
 * Have Gun – Will Travel (1960) — Father Montalvo
 * The Unforgiven (1960) — Charlie Rawlins
 * Wild River (1960) — Hank Bailey
 * Wagon Train (Wagon to Ft. Anderson) (1961) — George Carder
 * Rawhide (1960–1963, 2 episodes) — Vince Lowman in S3:E9, "Incident of the Captive" ; John Day / Rivers in the Episode "Incident of the Pale Rider"
 * The Twilight Zone (1960–1963, 3 episodes)
 * Bonanza (1960) Albie in S2:E13, "Silent Thunder"
 * (1968) Marcus Alley in S9:E17, "The Thirteenth Man"
 * Naked City (1961) (Season 2 Episode 16: "Button in the Haystack") — Lennard Brewer
 * The Untouchables (1961) — Steve 'Country Boy' Parrish in the Episode "Power Play"
 * The Investigators (1961) — Episode "The Panic Wagon"
 * Combat! (1962) — Sergeant Jenkins
 * Stoney Burke (1962) (Season 1 Episode 10: "The Wanderer") — Larry Dawson
 * The Eleventh Hour (1962) (Season 1 Episode 7: "Angie, You Made My Heart Stop") — Ken Bradley
 * Route 66 (1962–1963)
 * The Virginian (1962–1968, 4 episodes)
 * Redigo (1963) (Season 1 Episode 7: "Man in a Blackout") — Ward Bennet
 * The Alfred Hitchcock Hour (1963) (Season 1 Episode 21: "I'll Be Judge — I'll Be Jury") — Theodore Bond
 * The Travels of Jaimie McPheeters (1963) (Season 1 Episode 3: "The Day of the First Suitor") — Frank Turner
 * The Fugitive (1964) — Chuck Mathers
 * Season 1 Episode 22: "Angels Travel on Lonely Roads: Part 1"
 * Season 1 Episode 23: "Angels Travel on Lonely Roads: Part 2"

 * The Outrage (1964) — Sheriff
 * Daniel Boone (TV series) (1964-65, 20 episodes) — Yadkin
 * Battle of the Bulge (1965) — Uncredited (Fuel Truck soldier)
 * The Legend of Jesse James (1966)
 * 12 O'clock High (1966)
 * Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea (TV series) (1966, Season 2, Episode 21, Dead Man's Doubloons) — Captain Albert Brent
 * The Big Valley (1966–1967, 2 episodes)
 * Lost in Space (1966–1968, 2 episodes) — Alonzo P. Tucker
 * Custer (1967)
 * The Flim-Flam Man (1967) — Deputy Meshaw
 * Hour of the Gun (1967) — Octavius Roy
 * Gunsmoke (1967) — Ed Corsairs (S12E26)
 * The Ambushers (1967) — Jose Ortega
 * The Road West (1967)
 * That Girl (1968, Season 2, Episode 24) — George
 * Three Guns for Texas (1968) — Cletus Grogan
 * Four Rode Out (1970) — (uncredited)
 * Gunsmoke "Sergeant Holly" (1970) S16 Ep14 — Willis Jeeter
 * Land of the Giants (1970) — Melzac / Bryk
 * McCloud (1970, Season 1, Episode 3) — Goose Jenkins
 * Hawaii Five-O TV Series (1970), Episode "The Payoff"
 * The High Chaparral (1971) (1 episode, Season 4) — White Horse
 * Lawman (1971) — Harvey Stenbaugh
 * The Deserter (1971) — Schmidt
 * Escape from the Planet of the Apes (1971) — E-1
 * Something Big (1971) — Jonny Cobb
 * Night Gallery (1972)
 * Kung Fu (1972 TV series) (1972 Pilot movie) Raif / (1973 Nine Lives) Shawn Mulhare / (1974 Cry of the Night Beast) Reuben Branch
 * The Take (1974) — Dolek
 * A Place Without Parents (1974) — Cannonball
 * The Legend of Earl Durand (1974) — Jack McQueen
 * The Crazy World of Julius Vrooder (1974) — Splint
 * 79 Park Avenue (1977)
 * Black Oak Conspiracy (1977) — Sheriff Grimes
 * Once an Eagle (1977)
 * Viva Knievel! (1977) — Cortland
 * Moonshine County Express (1977) — Sheriff Larkin
 * Empire of the Ants (1977) — Sheriff Art Kincade
 * The Sweet Creek County War (1979) — George Breakworth
 * Love and Bullets (1979) — Andy Minton
 * Steel (1979) — Tank
 * Cuba Crossing (1980) — Delgato
 * Cloud Dancer (1980) — Ozzie Randolph
 * Brubaker (1980) — Rory Poke
 * Caddyshack (1980) — Mr. Noonan
 * Dragonslayer (1981) — Greil
 * St. Helens (1981) — Clyde Whittaker
 * The Guns and the Fury (1981) — Colonel Liahkov
 * Burned at the Stake (1982) — Captain Billingham
 * I'm Dancing as Fast as I Can (1982) — Ben Martin
 * Superstition (1982) — Inspector Sturgess
 * Love Child (1982) — Captain Ellis
 * Dallas (1982-83) - Gil Thurman
 * Hart to Hart (1983) — Season 5, Episode 9 — Mac Bridger
 * Knight Rider (1983)
 * The A-Team (1983)
 * Hard to Hold (1984) — Johnny Lawson
 * Knots Landing (1984-85) - Jonathan J. Rush
 * Born American (1986) — US Ambassador Drane
 * Breaking In (1989) — Johnny Scot, Poker Player
 * Mission Impossible (1989) — Richard Kester
 * Billy the Kid (1989) — Mr. Maxwell

title: Albert Salmi


text:
Weblogs, Inc.

Weblogs, Inc. was a blog network that published content on a variety of subjects, including tech news, video games, automobiles, and pop culture. At one point, the network had as many as 90 blogs, although the vast majority of its traffic could be attributed to a smaller number of breakout titles, as was typical of most large-scale successful blog networks of the mid-2000s. Popular blogs included Engadget, Autoblog, TUAW, Joystiq, Luxist, Slashfood, Cinematical, TV Squad, Download Squad, Blogging Baby, Gadling, AdJab, and Blogging Stocks.

Today, Engadget and Autoblog are the only remaining brands from the company, now existing as part of Yahoo! Inc.

History
The company was founded in September 2003 by Jason Calacanis and Brian Alvey, in the wake of Calacanis's Silicon Alley Reporter magazine, with backing from investor Mark Cuban. By early 2004, Weblogs, Inc. and Gawker Media were establishing the two most notable templates for networked blog empires. Initially, Weblogs, Inc. consisted of a few dozen blogs, all residing as subdomains of weblogsinc.com. The exception was Engadget, a stand-alone site covering new technology in blog format. Engadget was co-founded by Peter Rojas, the former editor of Gizmodo in the Gawker Media network. Eventually a plethora of independent brands were established, including 26 stand-alone sites and over 50 sub-blogs. A few of the company principals also maintained personal blogs on the network, including Mark Cuban.

Weblogs Inc was sold to AOL for a reported $25 million in October 2005. The move came as AOL was preparing to become an independent division within Time Warner. Weblogs Inc continued to operate independently from AOL's other content websites for many years, until AOL began phasing out the Weblogs Inc branding in favor of its own, consolidating to a few of the strongest titles, and integrating more closely with its namesake media division, which included AOL News, AOL Autos, AOL Tech, etc.

The emphasis on AOL branding was increased following the spin-off of AOL from Time Warner in 2009. Up until mid-2010, Weblogs, Inc. branding remained subtly alongside AOL's, on titles like Engadget and Autoblog, but in late 2010, the name was dropped and the official website was redirected to AOL.com, approximately coinciding with a major redesign of AOL branded properties. Around the same time, AOL also acquired tech industry blog TechCrunch, at a time when it had less than a dozen remaining blog brands.

Following AOL's $315 million acquisition of The Huffington Post in February 2011, the former Weblogs Inc blogs, along with TechCrunch and many of AOL's other content brands, were reorganized under a new division called the "Huffington Post Media Group." Under the arrangement, the Huffington Post editorial team took responsibility for editorial oversight of AOL's other blogs and news sites. Months after the acquisition, AOL further consolidated its total count of content websites to just 20 brands, of which Engadget, Autoblog, Joystiq, and TUAW were the only remaining former Weblogs, Inc. titles.

The Huffington Post Media Group branding was never used in any significant public-facing capacity, but the Huffington editorial team was put firmly in control of AOL's news websites. This led to numerous controversies over editorial direction, including the departure of TechCrunch editor and founder Michael Arrington.

Joystiq and TUAW were shut down and folded into Engadget in February 2015. Around the same time, AOL Autos and AOL Tech were shut down and redirected to Autoblog and Engadget, respectively.

In 2015, AOL was acquired by Verizon. In 2017, AOL's content business, along with that of Yahoo!, which was also acquired by Verizon, were combined into a new online media subsidiary. Then Verizon sold that to private equity firm Apollo Global Management.

Currently, Engadget and Autoblog are the only remaining former Weblogs Inc. titles.

Engadget
Launched in March 2004, Engadget is updated multiple times a day with articles on gadgets and consumer electronics. Engadget is a webzine that looks like a blog.

Autoblog
Launched in June 2004, Autoblog is an automotive news and car shopping website based in Birmingham, Michigan. A winner of a 2014 Webby Award for its original video series The List, Autoblog produces daily articles and videos covering all facets of the auto industry, as well as a weekly video podcast featuring the editors of the site. Autoblog is also home to vehicle shopping tools and research pages where users can search for new and used vehicles for purchase. Autoblog's current Editor-in-Chief is Greg Migliore and its General Manager is Adam Morath.

Joystiq
Joystiq was a weblog covering video games and video game culture. It was shut down on February 3, 2015.

Hack a Day
Founded in September 2004, Hack a Day (also known as HackADay) is a weblog covering hacks, mods, and projects popular among computer enthusiasts. It was not included in the sale of Weblogs, Inc. to AOL, but remained a separate entity until it was sold to SupplyFrame in 2013.

TV Squad
TV Squad was a television weblog founded on March 10, 2005. By 2006, it was one of the most popular on the Internet. TV Squad was originally conceptualized to allow any Weblogs, Inc. blogger to write about the television shows they watch. Eventually, a core group of bloggers for the site was realized, with several other Weblogs, Inc. bloggers contributing on an irregular basis. TV Squad had about 20 regularly contributing bloggers. Writers include Adam Finley, Keith McDuffee, Bob Sassone, Jane Boursaw, Jay Black, Wil Wheaton, and Paul Goebel, and the site's main television critic is former Chicago Tribune critic Maureen Ryan, who came to the site in 2010. During the 2007–2008 Writers Guild of America strike, while some industry blogs stopped or wrote articles in support of the strike, TV Squad continued to publish material normally.

TV Squad operated as a separate, independent site until May 2011, when AOL merged TV Squad with AOL. This meant all of the old TV Squad content would then be found on AOL TV. Originally, TVSquad.com was automatically redirected to AOLTV.com. Just seven months later, AOLTV became HuffPost TV, moving the content once again.

The Unofficial Apple Weblog (TUAW)
TUAW covered tips, reviews, news, analyses, and opinions on Apple Inc.'s products. Founded in 2004 and one of the most successful blogs from Weblogs, Inc., TUAW was shut down February 3, 2015 and its archives republished on Engadget. The blog was revived in mid 2024, publishing AI-generated articles. Many are AI-generated summaries of old posts from the original staff, often incorrectly attributing the wrong author and including AI-generated images of people alongside their bylines. According to TUAW's website, the brand was acquired by Web Orange Limited in 2024, "without its original content". Web Orange Limited says on its website to be a Hong Kong-based "advertising services" company.

Download Squad
Download Squad was a popular blog following web-based and downloadable software and news for desktop and mobile platforms. Consistently cited among popular software blogs, it was named among Computerworld's list of the ten best-written blogs on the Internet in 2008. Download Squad, along with sister blog Switched, was shut down on April 12, 2011, by parent company AOL.

title: Weblogs, Inc.


text:
Talk:Port address translation

What is the difference between port forwarding and port address translation? — Omegatron 15:43, August 23, 2005 (UTC)

For the record, it's that port address translation is a method of dynamically assigning source ports from an exposed public ip for connections to a remote server from an internal private ip, whereas port forwarding forwards a destination port on a exposed public ip to an internal server on a private ip, all the time.Nimmo 15:56, 24 June 2006 (UTC)

I still do not understand the distinction. I understand that port forwarding (PF) tends to be a static setup. It can be manipulated by changing firewall rules using a script. For instance, I use PF to enable my web browser at home to maintain devices on my internal work network which have web GUI interfaces. To do this I log into my firewall (Linux box with IP Tables) and run a script to add a rule to forward port 8080 of the public IP to the internal IP address of the device on port 80. When I am done, I run the script again to delete the forwarding. Is this similar to what PAT does automatically? It seems to me that with PAT, something similar goes on, but must be initiated by the device inside the private network. If that is the case, what is it used for? I need a concrete example to understand the benefit/function of PAT and understand how it differs from NAT with port forwarding. To stand alone, the PAT page needs to make this difference clear. If this isn't possible, then it should be merged with NAT as a special case. Atkinson 16:56, 01 March 2007 (UTC)

PAT is NAT with overload. PAT is used in home routers to convert all your different internal private IP addresses to your one public address (the one used on the internet). To manage the difference between all of these conversions something unique is required. As all of the public addresses are the same, a new key must be made. This is where the port comes in, being attached to the end of the IP address. Port forwarding simply forwards all packets from one port to a specific IP address. This is usually implemented through NAT so that youpublicIP:80 goes to yourprivate:80 (one address to one address). Mathiaus 14:52, 17 May 2007 (UTC)

You cannot merge PAT and Port Forwarding they are different -

Port Forwarding –

When you tell your router to forward packets to a certain port number, which is associated with an application. For example you set the TCP port in eMule to port 4210 and then tell you router to forward all packet to eMule via port 4210.

PAT – Port Address Translation

Using inside Global private addresses and converting them 2 one (or more depending on your allocation) usable IP address that can be seen on the Internet. This is done with the use of Port numbers. For example you have been assigned 1 public IP address 172.80.80.1 you would only be able to use 1 machine to communicate with the outside world. You use PAT with this IP to translate port numbers from PC’s inside the network to hold several conversations with the Internet. Adam 27/07/2007 @ 12:30 GMT

They cannot be merged. PAT seems to have varying meanings between manufactures. For most it means many to one type translation as with soho routers (this is also called NAT overload, or less specifically but more commonly known as NAT). All internal ip's are translated to one external IP, all internal ports are translated to external ports on that external ip. Port forwarding is a tool used on PAT (aka NAT overload, aka NAT) networks to ensure packets arriving from the internet with a certain destination port are always forwarded to a certain machine on the internal private network. This can be the first communication between the machines and the data will still be forwarded to the correct machine.Psyden 15:50, 9 November 2007 (UTC)

improvement of PAT
give more explanation through diagram and explain it clearly with the help of table showing port address translation —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 220.227.32.101 (talk) 07:19, 17 February 2007 (UTC).

As PAT goes through several steps from beginning to end, an animation of some sort, slowly rolling through the steps may be more appropiate? This would be able to show exactly what happened and when. Mathiaus 14:52, 17 May 2007 (UTC)

132.190.12.40 00:57, 14 August 2007 (UTC)SamIAM132.190.12.40 00:57, 14 August 2007 (UTC)

Example:

PAT is a dynamic system - where the first PC sending a request through the PAT device has it's data assigned a specific esoteric port number, and a second workstation sending a virtually identical request through the device gets assigned another - different esoteric port number for that transmission. -

to the observer the PAT device has just sent 2 similar requests - with the only difference being the port number,

the real benefits become apparent when the requests are answered and return data hits the PAT device,   which inspects the incoming data - determines who it's intended for by examing the port number, repackages the data into a reply that the original sender will recognize, and sends the data on to the appropriate host.

once that data transaction is complete - a new set of data could be sent - and it's entirely possibile that the second PC gets assigned the port which was previously used for the first PC.

132.190.12.40 00:57, 14 August 2007 (UTC)SamIAM132.190.12.40 00:57, 14 August 2007 (UTC)

PAT vs NAT
Some suppliers treat PAT and NAT as distinct. Others use NAT as a cover term including PAT and other types of NAT. The wide availability of broadband NAT routers that actually provide PAT suggests that the term PAT should not be treated as a separate technology but as a type of NAT in line with common experience. Therefore, I suggest that this PAT page be modified to no longer discuss NAT vs PAT as though PAT is not a form of NAT. It would be appropriate to acknowledge that some vendors use the term NAT to refer exclusively to basic NAT, but not all vendors do so. 210.49.9.204 05:26, 3 October 2007 (UTC)
 * This should be merged into the NAT page, right now it is strongly pushing the POV that NAT means basic nat which is not the way the internet standards use the term. Plugwash 09:54, 3 October 2007 (UTC)

I agree with the need for a merge, the terms do get crossed quite a lot, the only pedantic distinction between them is the OSI level at which they operate. NAT (as put by the RFC and many other authors) is an umbrella term that could be construed to include PAT.

Some examples have been removed in the last edit, since they seemed to get PAT confused with DNAT (basic NAT from external to internal host). Those remaining examples have been assigned to the section and the terminology made consistent (e.g. inside->internal, outside->external etc.) Parallaxed (talk) 21:30, 29 June 2008 (UTC)

--Kvng (talk) 00:06, 2 March 2011 (UTC)

security

 * Security - protocols whose security depends on the randomness of ports may lose their entropy

title: Talk:Port address translation


text:
Talk:Halušky

note
there are actually a few dishes called halusky, often times extremely different.

Also, halushky are NOT the national dish of Ukraine. They are a local speciality in Poltava, and quite popular there. But borshch would be the national dish, with varenyky a close second. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Lubap (talk • contribs) 01:29, 18 September 2019 (UTC)

content deleted
I've removed a ton of content that has never had any sort of source and has been tagged since 2016. Valereee (talk) 17:21, 11 March 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Halušky


text:
Talk:Indian Village, Indiana

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

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Talk:Lakeville, Indiana

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title: Talk:New Carlisle, Indiana


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Plant milk

Plant milk is a plant beverage with a color resembling that of milk. Plant milks are non-dairy beverages made from a water-based plant extract for flavoring and aroma. Plant milks are consumed as alternatives to dairy milk, and may provide a creamy mouthfeel.

As of 2021, there are about 17 different types of plant milks; almond, oat, soy, coconut, and pea are the highest-selling worldwide. Production of plant-based milks, particularly soy, oat, and pea milks, can offer environmental advantages over animal milks in terms of greenhouse gas emissions, land and water use.

Plant-based beverages have been consumed for centuries, with the term "milk-like plant juices" used since the 13th century. In the 21st century, they are commonly referred to as plant-based milk, alternative milk, non-dairy milk or vegan milk. For commerce, plant-based beverages are typically packaged in containers similar and competitive to those used for dairy milk, but cannot be labeled as "milk" within the European Union.

Across various cultures, plant milk has been both a beverage and a flavor ingredient in sweet and savory dishes, such as the use of coconut milk in curries. It is compatible with vegetarian and vegan lifestyles. Plant milks are also used to make ice cream alternatives, plant cream, vegan cheese, and yogurt-analogues, such as soy yogurt. The global plant milk market was estimated to reach US$62billion by 2030.

History
Before commercial production of 'milks' from legumes, beans and nuts, plant-based mixtures resembling milk have existed for centuries. The Wabanaki and other Native American tribal nations in the northeastern United States made milk and infant formula from nuts.

In English, the word "milk" has been used to refer to "milk-like plant juices" since 1200 CE.

Recipes from the 13th-century Levant exist describing almond milk. Soy was a plant milk used in China during the 14th century. In Medieval England, almond milk was used in dishes such as ris alkere (a type of rice pudding) and appears in the recipe collection The Forme of Cury. Coconut milk (and coconut cream) are traditional ingredients in many cuisines such as in South and Southeast Asia, and are often used in curries.

Plant milks may be regarded as milk substitutes in Western countries, but have traditionally been consumed in other parts of the world, especially ones where there are higher rates of lactose intolerance (see especially ).

Types
Common plant milks are almond milk, coconut milk, rice milk, and soy milk. Other plant milks include hemp milk, oat milk, pea milk, and peanut milk.

Plant milks can be made from:

 * Grains: barley, fonio, maize, millet, oat, rice, rye, sorghum, teff, triticale, spelt, wheat
 * Pseudocereals: amaranth, buckwheat, quinoa
 * Legumes: lupin, pea, peanut, soy
 * Nuts: almond, brazil, cashew, hazelnut, macadamia, pecan, pistachio, walnut
 * Seeds: chia seed, flax seed, hemp seed, pumpkin seed, sesame seed, sunflower seed
 * Other: coconut (fruit; drupe), banana (fruit; berry) potato (tuber), tiger nut (tuber)

A blend is a plant milk created by mixing two or more types together. Examples of blends are almond-coconut milk and almond-cashew milk.

Other traditional plant milk recipes include:

 * Kunu, a Nigerian beverage made from sprouted millet, sorghum, or maize
 * Sikhye, a traditional sweet Korean rice beverage
 * Amazake, a Japanese rice milk

Manufacturing
Although there are variations in the manufacturing of plant milks according to the starting plant material, as an example, the general technique for soy milk involves several steps, including:
 * cleaning, soaking and dehulling the beans
 * grinding of the starting material to produce a slurry, powder or emulsion
 * heating the processed plant material to denature lipoxidase enzymes to minimize their effects on flavor
 * removing sedimentable solids by filtration
 * adding water, sugar (or sugar substitutes) and other ingredients to improve flavour, aroma, and micronutrient content
 * pasteurizing the pre-final liquid
 * homogenizing the liquid to break down fat globules and particles for a smooth mouthfeel
 * packaging, labeling and storage at 34 F

The actual content of the highlighted plant in commercial plant milks may be only around 2%. Other ingredients commonly added to plant milks during manufacturing include guar gum, xanthan gum, or sunflower lecithin for texture and mouthfeel, select micronutrients (such as calcium, B vitamins, and vitamin D), salt, and natural or artificial ingredients—such as flavours characteristic of the featured plant—for aroma, color, and taste. Plant milks are also used to make ice cream, plant cream, vegan cheese, and yogurt-analogues, such as soy yogurt.

The production of almond-based dairy substitutes has been criticized on environmental grounds as large amounts of water and pesticides are used. The emissions, land, and water footprints of plant milks vary, due to differences in crop water needs, farming practices, region of production, production processes, and transportation. Production of plant-based milks, particularly soy and oat milks, can offer environmental advantages over animal milks in terms of greenhouse gas emissions, land and water use.

Nutritional comparison with cow's milk
Many plant milks aim to contain the same proteins, vitamins and lipids as those produced by lactating mammals. Generally, because plant milks are manufactured using processed extracts of the starting plant, plant milks are lower in nutrient density than dairy milk and are fortified during manufacturing to add precise levels of micronutrients, commonly calcium and vitamins A and D.  Animal milks are also commonly fortified, and many countries have laws mandating fortification of milk products with certain nutrients, commonly vitamins A and D.

Packaging and commerce
Plant-based milks have emerged as an alternative to dairy in response to consumer dietary requests and changing attitudes about animals and the environment. Huffington Post stated that due to health and environmental reasons as well as changing consumer trends, more individuals regularly buy non-dairy alternatives to milk. Between 1974 and 2020, dairy milk consumption of people aged between 16 and 24 in the United Kingdom decreased from 94% to 73%. In Australia, there is decreased confidence within the dairy industry, with only 53% being optimistic in the future profitability and demand for dairy products per a Dairy Australia report.

To improve competition, plant milks are typically packaged in containers similar to those of dairy milks. A scientific journal article argued that plant-milk companies send the message that plant milks are 'good and wholesome' and dairy milk is 'bad for the environment', and the article also reported that an increasing number of young people associate dairy with environmental damage. There has been an increased concern that dairy production has adverse effects on biodiversity, water and land use. These negative links between dairy and the environment have also been communicated through audiovisual material against dairy production, such as 'Cowspiracy' and 'What the Health'. Animal welfare concerns have also contributed to the declining popularity of dairy milk in many Western countries. Advertising for plant milks may also contrast the intensive farming effort to produce dairy milk with the relative ease of harvesting plant sources, such as oats, rice or soybeans. In 2021, an advertisement for oat milk brand Oatly aired during the Super Bowl.

In the United States, plant milk sales grew steadily by 61% over the period 2012 to 2018. As of 2019, the plant-based milk industry in the US is worth $1.8 billion per year. In 2018, the value of 'dairy alternatives' around the world was said to be $8 billion. Among plant milks, almond (64% market share), soy (13% market share), and coconut (12% market share) were category leaders in the United States during 2018. Oat milk sales increased by 250% in Canada during 2019, and its growing consumption in the United States and United Kingdom led to production shortages from unprecedented consumer demand. In 2020, one major coffee retailer – Starbucks – added oat milk, coconut milk, and almond milk beverages to its menus in the United States and Canada. During 2020, oat milk sales in the United States increased to $213 million, becoming the second most consumed plant milk after almond milk ($1.5 billion in 2020 sales).

A key dietary reason for the increase in popularity of plant-based milks is lactose intolerance. For example, the most common food causing intolerance in Australia is lactose and affects 4.5% of the population. In the United States, around 40 million people are lactose intolerant.

Labeling and terminology
One of the first reliable modern English dictionaries, Samuel Johnson's 1755 A Dictionary of the English Language, gave two definitions of the word "milk". The first described "the liquor with which animals feed their young from the breast", and the second an "emulsion made by contusion of seeds", using almond milk as an example.

As plant milks resurged in popularity in the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries, their definition became a matter of controversy. Plant milks may be labeled to highlight their nutrient contents, or with terms reflecting their composition or absence of ingredients, such as "dairy-free", "gluten-free" or "GMO-free". Manufacturers and distributors of animal milk have advocated that plant-based milk not be labelled as "milk". They complain that consumers may be confused between the two, and that plant-based milks are not necessarily as nutritious in terms of vitamins and minerals.

Europe
In December 2013, European Union regulations stated that the terms "milk", "butter", "cheese", "cream" and "yoghurt" can only be used to market and advertise products derived from animal milk, with a small number of exceptions including coconut milk, peanut butter and ice cream. In 2017, the Landgericht Trier (Trier regional court), Germany, asked the Court of Justice of the European Union, to clarify European food-labeling law (Case C-422/16), with the court stating that plant-based products cannot be marketed as milk, cream, butter, cheese or yoghurt within the European Union because these are reserved for animal products; exceptions to this do not include tofu and soy. Although plant-based dairy alternatives are not allowed to be called "milk", "cheese" and the like, they are allowed to be described as buttery or creamy. In the United Kingdom, strict standards are applied to food labeling for terms such as milk, cheese, cream, yogurt, which are protected to describe dairy products and may not be used to describe non-dairy produce. However, there are exceptions for each of the EU languages, based on established use of livestock terms for non-livestock products. The list's extent varies widely; for example there is only one exception in Polish, and 20 exceptions in English.

A proposal for further restrictions failed at second reading in the European Parliament, in May 2021. The proposal, called Amendment 171, would have outlawed labels including 'yogurt-style' and 'cheese alternative'.

United States
In the United States, the dairy industry petitioned the FDA to ban the use of terms like "milk", "cheese", "cream" and "butter" on plant-based analogues (except for peanut butter). FDA commissioner Scott Gottlieb stated on July 17, 2018 that the term "milk" is used imprecisely in the labeling of non-dairy beverages, such as soy milk, oat milk and almond milk: "An almond doesn't lactate", he said. In 2019, the US National Milk Producers Federation petitioned the FDA to restrict labeling of plant-based milks, claiming they should be described as "imitation". In response, the Plant-Based Foods Association stated the word "imitation" was disparaging, and there was no evidence that consumers were misled or confused about plant-based milks. A 2018 survey by the International Food Information Council Foundation found that consumers in the United States do not typically confuse plant-based analogues with animal milk or dairy products. As of 2021, though the USDA is investigating and various state legislatures are considering regulation, various courts have determined that reasonable consumers are not confused, and the FDA has enacted no regulations against plant-based milk labels.

In 2021, the FDA issued a final rule that amends yogurt's standard of identity (which remains a product of "milk-derived ingredients"), and was expected to issue industry guidance on "Labeling of Plant-based Milk Alternatives" in 2022.

Proponents of plant-based milk assert that these labeling requirements are infantilizing to consumers and burdensome and unfair on dairy-alternatives. Critics of the FDA's labeling requirements also asserted that there is often collusion between government officials and the dairy industry in an attempt to maintain dairy dominance in the market. For example, in 2017, Sen. Tammy Baldwin of Wisconsin introduced the "Defending Against Imitations and Replacements of Yogurt, Milk, and Cheese to Promote Regular Intake of Dairy Everyday (DAIRY PRIDE) Act" which would prevent almond milk, coconut milk and cashew milk from being labeled with terms like "milk", "yogurt", and "cheese". Proponents of plant-based dairy alternatives argued that dairy sales are decreasing faster than plant sales are increasing and that therefore, attacking plant milks as being the chief reason for a decline in dairy consumption is inaccurate. A 2020 USDA study found that the "increase in sales over 2013 to 2017 of plant-based options is one-fifth the size of the decrease in Americans' purchases of cow's milk."

Health recommendations
Health authorities recommend that plant milks should not be given to infants younger than 12 months unless commercially prepared infant formula is available, such as soy infant formula. A 2020 clinical review stated that only appropriate commercial infant formulas should be used as alternatives to human milk which contains a substantial source of calcium, vitamin D and protein in the first year of life and that plant milks "do not represent an equivalent source of such nutrients".

The Healthy Drinks, Healthy Kids 2023 guidelines state that infants younger than 12 months should not drink plant milks. They suggest that children between 12 and 24 months may consume fortified soy milk, but not other non-dairy milks such as almond, oat and rice, which are deficient in key nutrients. A 2022 review suggested that the best option for toddlers (1–3 years old) who do not consume cow's milk would be to have at least 250 mL/day of fortified soy milk.

For vegan infants younger than 12 months who are not breastfed, the New Zealand Ministry of Health recommends soy infant formula and advises against the use of plants milks. A 2019 Consensus Statement from the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry, American Academy of Pediatrics, and the American Heart Association concluded that plant milks are not recommended for infants younger than 12 months and that for children aged 1–5 years plant milks may be useful for those with allergies or intolerances to cow's milk but should only be consumed after a consultation with a professional health care provider.

title: Plant milk


text:
Calennig

Calennig is a Welsh word meaning "New Year celebration/gift", although it literally translates to "the first day of the month", deriving from the Latin word kalends. The English word "Calendar" also has its root in this word.

It is a tradition where children carry a decorated apple, pierced with three sticks and decorated with a sprig of box and hazelnuts on new year's day. Children would sing a verse and were often gifted with money or food.

Gift giving
The tradition of giving gifts and money on New Year's Day is an ancient custom that survives even in modern-day Wales, though nowadays it is customary to give bread and cheese.

Many people give gifts on New Year's morning, with children having skewered apples stuck with raisins and fruit. In some parts of Wales, people must visit all their relatives by midday to collect their Calennig, and celebrations and traditions can vary from area to area. In Stations of the Sun, Ronald Hutton gives the following example of Calennig rhyme from 1950s Aberystwyth,

Dydd calan yw hi heddiw,  Rwy'n dyfod ar eich traws  I 'mofyn am y geiniog,  ''Neu grwst, a bara a chaws.  O dewch i'r drws yn siriol '' Heb newid dim o'ch gwedd;  Cyn daw dydd calan eto  Bydd llawer yn y bedd. ("Today is the start of the new year, and I have come to you to ask for coins, or a crust, and bread and cheese. O come to the door cheerfully without changing your appearance; Before the next arrival of the new year many will be dead.")

Ronald Hutton also notes that in the south-east of Wales and in the Forest of Dean area, the skewered apple itself was known as the Calennig, and in its most elaborate form consisted of "an apple or orange, resting on three sticks like a tripod, smeared with flour, stuck with nuts, oats or wheat, topped with thyme or another fragrant herb and held by a skewer."

Similarly, Fred Hando in his 1944 book "The Pleasant Land of Gwent", reproduces an illustration of a Calennig seen at Devauden and quotes his friend Arthur Machen: When I was a boy in Caerleon-on-Usk, the town children got the biggest and bravest and gayest apple they could find in the loft, deep in the dry bracken. They put bits of gold leaf upon it. They stuck raisins into it. They inserted into the apple little sprigs of box, and they delicately slit the ends of hazel-nuts, and so worked that the nuts appeared to grow from the ends of the holly leaves ... At last, three bits of stick were fixed into the base of the apple tripod-wise; and so it borne round from house to house; and the children got cakes and sweets, and-those were wild days, remember-small cups of ale.

Back in the 1880's, my mother, who came from Tregarth, Bangor, taught us this song, the words which were as follows:

Calennig, Calennig, Bore Dydd Calan,

Dyma'r amser i rannu'r arian,

Blwyddyn newydd dda i chi,

Ac i bawb sydd yn y ty,

Dyma yw ein dymuniad ni,

Ar ddechrau'r flwyddyn hon,

O dyma ni yn ddod,

I ganu'r flwyddyn hon,

I chi a phawb sydd yn y ty

Ar ddechrau'r flwyddyn hon.

We used to sing this song from door to door, hoping to be rewarded with some money from our efforts.

Machen traces the Calennig to the Roman Saturnalia and suggests that the custom was brought to Caerleon by the Romans.

title: Calennig


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/B2031 road

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was Delete. R e  dwolf24  (talk) 01:43, 30 August 2005 (UTC)

B2031 road
Delete, per the consensus on B-roads 213.78.163.193User:Pilatus 15:47, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep all B roads. There is no consensus on B roads, so I have struck out the lies. --SPUI (talk) 16:01, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment. SPUI, please try to keep things civil. I don't think it's a good idea to start VfDs in the middle of a consensus discussion, but editing other user's comments is definitely inflammatory. Sdedeo 16:15, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment. It's also not good form to start articles of a disputed nature in the middle of a consensus discussion. Pilatus 17:30, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * I've removed the strike out; SPUI, please keep WP:Civility in mind when it occurs to you to do things like that. Fernando Rizo T/C 17:32, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. We are in the middle of a debate over all B roads. Currently, there are 17 signed arguments for delete all, 2 for keep all, and (I think) 11 for keep only notable, listify rest. Sdedeo 16:13, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * There is no vote. --SPUI (talk) 16:26, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * I did not say there was a vote, I said there were "signed arguments". Please stop editing other users comments. Sdedeo 16:52, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * There's nothing here that isn't already on List of B roads in Great Britain. Redirect or delete. — RJH 16:14, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete per the way the wind is blowing in the consensus debate sadly. Gateman1997 16:35, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep or else listify to a suitable article.  I will see if it can be expanded. I disagree with Pilatus' and Sdedeo's opinion on consensus (sdedeo's figures, 17 delete against 13 non-delete, don't suggest anything near consensus) but it is wrong to strike them out.  --Tony Sidaway Talk  16:37, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Others have counted 20/2/3/3 (delete all, keep all, merge into list, keep only very notable, make rest into list). Please stop tweaking the facts into something that suits you. Pilatus 17:17, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment. It's a minor part of the London to Brighton Vintage Car Rally. I added this reference. --Tony Sidaway Talk  17:07, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * A minor part? This belongs into London to Brighton Vintage Car Rally, where people are looking for it. Pilatus 17:14, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, not specifically notable. Gazpacho 16:43, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete minor uninteresting road. One of thousands in UK, millions in the world. --TimPope 17:00, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete - in my opinion there is a rough consensus, though certainly not unanimity, in the discussion on B-roads. Regardless of whether or not consensus exists, for someone heavily involved in that discussion to create new B-road stubs while that discussion is ongoing is at the very least unwise, and borders on disrupting Wikipedia to make a point. OpenToppedBus - Talk to the driver 17:20, August 23, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. This road should be mentioned in the article for the London to Brighton Vintage Car Rally, if that rally is itself notable. There is no reason for it to have its own article. Fernando Rizo T/C 17:32, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Article does not establish sufficent notability. Gamaliel
 * Delete as per TimPope DES (talk) 17:44, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete - forget WP:POINT, this borders on trolling. the wub  "?/!"  21:03, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. ~?Markaci? 2005-08-23 T 21:18:11 Z
 * Delete: not notable. Jonathunder 22:31, 2005 August 23 (UTC)
 * Delete nn tarmac. -Splash 22:42, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, verifiable. Non-notability is not a criterion for deletion.  A merge is okay with me as well.  JYolkowski // talk 01:43, 24 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Pointless, unencyclopedic, and trivial roadcruft, not to mention disruption to make a point. --Calton | Talk 01:46, August 24, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Non-notable road. Sabine's Sunbird 01:47, 24 August 2005 (UTC)
 * D, nn. Radiant_ >|< 08:17, August 24, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete all cruft Proto t c 11:05, 24 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Note: This debate has been included in the list of Transportation-related deletions.  -- Visviva 12:16, 24 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep It is a highway article. We do keep California County Routes in the USA... --Rschen7754
 * From the List of California County Routes it looks that a typical California county is served by maybe six County Routes and that many of these routes do serve more than one county. When comparing this with Great_Britain_road_numbering_scheme, the equivalent to a US county route seems a three-digit A-road. B-roads are short roads (typically 10 km or less) connecting one village to the next, never a main throughfare. Pilatus 19:53, 24 August 2005 (UTC)
 * "Highway" in the UK refers to any road or even footpath (see Highway). I doubt even the most ardent inclusionist would want to keep all UK highways. the wub  "?/!"  07:50, 25 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Firstly, it's absolutely correct to point out that "highway" is a generic term in the UK, and really this is just a country road that runs through a few minor English towns, mainly Caterham.
 * I don't count myself an "ardent inclusionist" but since the current article is completely encyclopedic I don't see why we should consider deleting it. It does no harm by existing and the information it provides is correct.  I'm certainly in favor of deleting nonsense, vanity and whatnot from Wikipedia, but this road and most roads in England have been around for centuries.
 * Look at any road atlas of the British Isles. A general road atlas that omitted a single B road would not be worth buying.  If an atlas purporting to represent driving conditions in England misses out roads like the B2031 then it's not going to sell very well, because it's a small country and that's what you're going to be driving on once you get off the trunk roads.
 * Here we track geography down to footpaths and bridleways, and yes, those are also considered notable. All public footpaths and bridleways are recorded in the UK. Every single public thoroughfare is recorded, and therefore intrinsically notable. --Tony Sidaway Talk  01:19, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Look at any road atlas of the British Isles. A general road atlas that omitted a single B road would not be worth buying.  If an atlas purporting to represent driving conditions in England misses out roads like the B2031 then it's not going to sell very well, because it's a small country and that's what you're going to be driving on once you get off the trunk roads.
 * Here we track geography down to footpaths and bridleways, and yes, those are also considered notable. All public footpaths and bridleways are recorded in the UK. Every single public thoroughfare is recorded, and therefore intrinsically notable. --Tony Sidaway Talk  01:19, 26 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Wikipedia is not a road atlas. All title deeds are officially recorded in the U.S. Does that mean that every private house and plot of land is notable and should have an article? I don't think so. And I certianly don't think we ought to include articles on every bridle path in the UK, and by extension, everywhere else in the world. DES (talk) 02:42, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Title deeds are primary sources. If you used those to write an encyclopedia article about a private residence, it would fall under "original research" and be deleted.  On the other hand, with highways, there are plenty of secondary sources that can be used to write an article on them.  JYolkowski // talk 23:19, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * That's not what original research means. If I go to the county records and see that the state bought a road from the county on some date, that's not original research. Original research is drawing conclusions from that, such as the assumption that the state bought the road because of a bribe. --SPUI (talk) 04:46, 27 August 2005 (UTC)
 * I disagree with the assertion that the entry is "encyclopedic". An encyclopedia is not a grab-bag of data, it is data digested into information. Pilatus 08:17, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Regarding Tony Sidaway's thoughts, I too believe that long distance footpaths are notable, however, B roads are not. Some long distance footpaths are nationally maintained by National Trails, and are of interest to both tourists and ramblers, covering many areas of natural beauty.  They aren't that numerous either.  Most people in my local area would know of the Wolds Way, yet would probably not be able to point out the B1249 road. - Hahnchen 15:15, 27 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete - B roads are none notable. They are NOT the equivolent of state highways in the US, just as counties are not the equivolent of states.  State highways would be A roads.  B roads of historical importance should be kept, but most of these are named. - Hahnchen 00:29, 25 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete nn scho^H^H^H^Hroads.  Grue   20:00, 25 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep notable road. Passes the thousands of people test. Klonimus 09:16, 27 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete - not notable - Tεx  τ  urε  15:46, 29 August 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
User:Holger Sambale

(currently inactive)

de:Benutzer:Holger Sambale

title: User:Holger Sambale


text:
Wikipedia:Requests for adminship/Marianocecowski

Marianocecowski
[ Vote here] (18/1/0) ending 15:48 30 August 2005 (UTC) - I haven't been active in WP a lot, but since my beginnings I saw Mariano as one of the most helpful people around. He is always willing to help and always polite to correct when somebody makes a mistake. He is an extensive contributor in WP, especially in the South American and Argentinian subjects and I always found him willing to compromise when faced with opposite opinions. He was surprised enough about this nomination, but I think that the added resposibilities and rights will help him help WP a lot. --Sebastian Kessel 15:48, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Vote closed at Uncle Ed 17:58, August 30, 2005 (UTC)
 * Candidate, please indicate acceptance of the nomination here: For second time in my life: Yes, I do. -Mariano 10:56, 24 August 2005 (UTC)

Support
 * 1) Support. Needless to say, I support him, pending his acceptance of his nomination. Sebastian Kessel 15:52, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * 2) Support. I encourage him to accept. He has been a consistent editor since November 16, 2004, and seems to be exceedingly polite in dealing with other users. It would be useful to have an admin to help do vandal-patrol on Argentine and other South American pages. Ground Zero 16:06, 23 August 2005 (UTC) (an admin since Saturday.)
 * 3) Support. Trustworthy and hard-working, the kind of editor WP needs and the kind of admin I prefer. --Pablo D. Flores 17:36, 23 August 2005 (UTC)
 * 4) Support - but most edits are very minor, and sometimes doesn't use edit summeries, and often when the candidate does the edit summery isn't that good, such as "major edits" instead of attempting to explain edits. That said would make a good admin most definately -- Ryan Norton T 02:35, 24 August 2005 (UTC)
 * 5) Merovingian (t) (c) 07:32, August 24, 2005 (UTC)
 * 6) Support - meets my standards. Looks like he'd make a good admin. —Cel es tianpower háblame 20:05, 29 June 2006 (UTC) 10:32, 24 August 2005 (UTC)
 * 7) Support – We've crossed paths on several articles, mostly related to Football and Argentina and I know we can count on him. SpiceMan (会話) 18:18, 24 August 2005 (UTC)
 * 8) Support— would make a fine administrator.
 * 9) BRIAN 0918  • 2005-08-24 21:33
 * 10) Support, does good work.-gadfium 04:04, 25 August 2005 (UTC)
 * 11) Support But like Ryan Norton said, it would help the RC Patrollers out a lot if you used edit summaries more frequently and made them a bit more specific. Acetic Acid 06:21, August 25, 2005 (UTC)
 * 12) Support. Will be a good admin. - Darwinek 09:33, 25 August 2005 (UTC)
 * 13) Cool. JuntungWu 15:32, 25 August 2005 (UTC)
 * 14) Support. Meets my guidelines. Could probably use more experience in the WP: namespace, but I feel foreign-language hoax fighting is important work. android  79  21:07, August 26, 2005 (UTC)
 * 15) Why not? Andre ( talk ) 05:53, August 27, 2005 (UTC)
 * 16) Support. Another one that looks good in my eyes. Let me warn you: you WILL get into conflicts, so don't be afraid of them. You seem like a conscientious editor, so I don't see anything wrong with giving you the keys to the janitor's closet. Linuxbeak | Talk | Desk 14:48, August 27, 2005 (UTC)
 * 17) El_C 17:55, 27 August 2005 (UTC)
 * 18) Support. Everything looks good here. :) Func( t, c, @,) 17:57, 28 August 2005 (UTC)

Oppose
 * 1) --Boothy443 | comhrÚ 07:08, 25 August 2005 (UTC)

Neutral
 * 1) Neutral — hasen't accepted his nomination nor has he answered the questions.
 * I believe that because of time zone differences he's asleep right now. :) Sebastian Kessel 18:54, 23 August 2005 (UTC)

Comments

Questions for the candidate

 * Quoting Ryan Norton: "sometimes doesn't use edit summeries"
 * Constructive critics always welcome. Point taken. -Mariano 08:30, 25 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Question I would like to know, what percentage specifically (within 5%) would you consider to be consensus when closing a VfD or related function? Hamster Sandwich 20:24, 25 August 2005 (UTC)
 * A. VFD policies arguably set the threshold around 2/3 of the votes, but I would feel more comfortable deleting a page with at least 75% of the votes. Then again, the lack of argument by the minority side makes their cause weaker. -Mariano 07:02, 26 August 2005 (UTC)

A few generic questions to provide guidance for voters:
 * 1. What sysop chores, if any, would you anticipate helping with? (Please read the page about administrators and the administrators' reading list.)
 * A. I would like fight vandalism, specially Argentine/Spanish language oriented that is sometimes hard to find for users of other cultures. We have already had an hoaxer that would write nonsense articles in Spanish about existing Argentine institutions or persons,  that were kindly translated by some users that didn't see the hoax.
 * 2. Of your articles or contributions to Wikipedia, are there any about which you are particularly pleased, and why?
 * A. Couldn't choose one in particular. I I've done a few articles around Football in Argentina (teams, league, etc) and I'm currently working (hope to finish soon) on the provinces of Argentina.
 * 3. Have you been in any conflicts over editing in the past or do you feel other users have caused you stress? How have you dealt with it and how will you deal with it in the future?
 * A. The only conflict I could say I had was that regarding the naming convention for the provinces of Argentina. I took the democratic position of placing my opinion on the Argentine board's talk page and accept the popular decision when reached. This hasn't yet happened. -Mariano 05:58, 24 August 2005 (UTC)


text:
Talk:Notre Dame, Indiana

Missing infos
Why is there no section about the grotto. It's really important and notable! — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2A01:E35:8A8D:FE80:142B:C49A:1FD3:877B (talk) 11:35, 14 July 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:Notre Dame, Indiana


text: Talk:Osceola, Indiana

title: Talk:Osceola, Indiana


text:
Talk:Roseland, Indiana

Untitled
What???...no one wants to talk about this small South Bend suburb, where two-thirds of the town council are husband and wife, and the local town "cop" is worse than the fictional Hazzard County(Georgia) Sheriff Roscoe P. Coltrane...now that a new Town Council is installed, the former councilwoman is now the town clerk(who WON'T do ANYTHING she's told to do!), the town constable has reportedly been replaced by the St. Joseph County Police...

This is an interesting page to leave comments behind(signed, of course...)...Baldwin91006 02:12, 1 August 2007 (UTC)

How do I note that the video has since been edited to remove most of the town hall argument and the rest of his arrest. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 99.243.104.152 (talk) 12:08, 20 September 2007 (UTC)

http://www.wndu.com/home/headlines/9814706.html?pollSubmit=y&submit=submit&oid=1&mr=1&cid=6500&pid=9794147# Shows David Snyder being beat up, use WNDU.com and search Roseland for the other videos, there are about five. User:claywesley —Preceding signed but undated comment was added at 00:46, 23 September 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:Roseland, Indiana


text:
Talk:Walkerton, Indiana

Untitled
tdgjfgjfg —Preceding unsigned comment added by 216.23.242.98 (talk) 18:43, 3 October 2007 (UTC)

 * yes Unormal (talk) 01:40, 11 March 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Walkerton, Indiana


text: Category:Danish comics artists

title: Category:Danish comics artists


text:
Talk:Disco Demoliton Rivalry (White Sox-Tigers)

Merge article
This is no rivalry; this should be merged with Disco_Demolition_Night or deleted. --CrazyTalk 15:49, August 23, 2005 (UTC)


text:
Category:Newcastle United F.C.

__NOGALLERY__

title: Category:Newcastle United F.C.


text:
Apapocuva

The Apapocúva (Apapokuva), also known as the Nandeva, are an agricultural Tupian tribe of the Chiripá group of southern Brazil, living in the state of São Paulo. Population: 500.

title: Apapocuva


text:
Wikipedia talk:Wikipedia Signpost/Boneyard/Blank page 116

OUCH! Rectification.
Ok, rectification: Experimental deletion is a project to learn more about mediawiki and how it can be used to help deletion. It is NOT a process -extant, proposed, or tentative-, and it is NOT a system to augment, deprecate or replace vfd at this point in time. It is exactly as the name says, a project that does experiments. Kim Bruning 15:49, 23 August 2005 (UTC)


text:
Blacklers

Blacklers was a large department store on the corner of Elliot Street and Great Charlotte Street in Liverpool, England. The store was famous for its lavish Christmas grotto and its rocking horse, Blackie, which is now on display in the Museum of Liverpool. The store, which at its peak employed a thousand people, also has connections to The Beatles: George Harrison worked as an apprentice electrician at Blacklers in 1959, and Pete Best's mother Mona bought his drum kit from the Blacklers music department.

Blacklers was founded by partners Richard John Blackler and A.B. Wallis in the early twentieth century. Blackler died in 1919 and was succeeded as a partner in the business by his wife Margaret.

Despite the building being severely damaged in The Blitz of May 1941 during World War II, the business survived. Temporary outlets were created in Bold Street and Church Street and the first part of the new store opened on 29 March 1953.

Margaret Blackler died in 1957 without children, at which point the store became the property of several individuals, of which the major shareholder was the sportswoman Vera Kingston (Margaret's god-daughter). In 1983 following Vera's death the store was sold on once again, and all links to the original owners disappeared. The store remained open only a few years more, closing in April 1988.

The site now includes a Wetherspoons chain pub, named Richard John Blackler in honour of the store's founder.

title: Blacklers


text: User:TheDeletator

title: User:TheDeletator


text: Talk:Hamlet, Indiana

title: Talk:Hamlet, Indiana


text:
Sandy Gore

Sandy Gore (born 28 June 1950) is an Australian film, stage and television actress. She has had an extensive stage career in Australia with the Melbourne Theatre Company and Sydney Theatre Company including playing Vivian in Wit (2000) and Maria in Uncle Vanya (2010), reprising the latter role in New York in 2012.

Career
On television, Gore appeared in the hit series Prisoner in 1980, as Kay White, the payroll-embezzling accountant who met a sticky end when her gambling addiction gets the better of her. Also, she has starred as Mother Ambrose in the 1991 mini-series Brides of Christ and had guest roles in TV series such as Grass Roots and Farscape. She played Heckla in the 1992 children's sci-fi series Halfway Across the Galaxy and Turn Left. She also appeared as Anja in Paws and as a guest role in Rafferty's Rules.

She was nominated three times for the Australian Film Institute Award (now AACTA Awards) for Best Supporting Actress, for her work in the Australian films Norman Loves Rose (1982), Undercover (1983) and Street Hero (1984). She also appeared in Evil Angels (1988), Lorenzo's Oil (1992) and in the epic film Australia (2008)

Gore has worked extensively with the Melbourne Theatre Company and the Sydney Theatre Company. Her stage roles include an acclaimed performance in the play Wit in 2000. She played Baptista in the 2009 Australian tour of The Taming of the Shrew with the Bell Shakespeare Company, while in 2010, she was cast as Maria in the Sydney Theatre Company production of Chekhov's Uncle Vanya, alongside Cate Blanchett and Richard Roxburgh and reprised the role in 2012, when it transferred to New York at the New York City Center theatre.

title: Sandy Gore


text:
Frank Lucchesi

Frank Joseph Lucchesi (April 24, 1926 – June 8, 2019) was an American professional baseball player, manager, and coach. He was the manager of three Major League Baseball (MLB) teams: the Philadelphia Phillies (1970–1972); Texas Rangers (1975–1977); and Chicago Cubs (1987, on an interim basis). Overall, Lucchesi posted a career win–loss record of 316–399 (.442).

Minor league career
A native of San Francisco, Lucchesi had a long career as an outfielder and manager in minor league baseball. As a player (1945–1957), he toiled largely in the mid- and lower minors, in the Class B Western International League and Class C California League. He batted .276 in 1,149 games with 56 home runs. Lucchesi batted and threw right-handed, stood 5 ft tall and weighed 170 lb.

His managerial career began in 1951 in the Class D Far West League as a player-manager. After a brief, early-1950s stint in the St. Louis Browns' organization, Lucchesi joined the Phillies' farm system in 1956. He logged 14 seasons as a manager there, including Triple-A assignments with the Arkansas Travelers, San Diego Padres and Eugene Emeralds, winning two championships; Eugene's 1969 Pacific Coast League regular-season division title earned Lucchesi promotion to the manager's job in Philadelphia the following season. In the 1970s and 1980s, Lucchesi also managed in the Cleveland Indians and Cincinnati Reds organizations.

Manager of Phillies, Rangers, and Cubs
Lucchesi took over the Phillies at the beginning of the 1970 season as the team was rebuilding with young players. Although his initial squad showed a ten-game improvement from 1969's club, the 1971 Phillies fell into the basement of the National League East Division, and when the Phils started only 26–50 in 1972, Lucchesi was fired on July 9 by the club's new general manager, Paul Owens, who took over as manager himself.

After returning to Triple-A to manage Cleveland's Oklahoma City 89ers affiliate in 1973, Lucchesi was appointed third-base coach of the Texas Rangers of the American League (AL) for 1974. The following season, on July 21, 1975, Lucchesi succeeded the fired Billy Martin as manager of the 1975 Rangers, who were a disappointing 44–51 in Martin's second season at the helm. Lucchesi led them to a 35–32 mark for the remainder of the year, and was rehired for 1976, when the Rangers continued to struggle at 76–86, tied for fourth in the AL West. Lucchesi was invited to return as manager for 1977, but a violent incident in spring training with second baseman Lenny Randle marred the season.

Lucchesi was auditioning rookie Bump Wills to take over Randle's second base job. When Randle complained publicly about being benched, Lucchesi was quoted as responding: "I'm sick and tired of punks making $80,000 a year moaning and groaning about their situation." A few days later, before an exhibition game against the Minnesota Twins in Orlando, Randle and Lucchesi became embroiled in an argument. Randle struck his manager, who was still clad in street clothes, knocking Lucchesi to the ground and causing his hospitalization for a concussion and broken jaw. Randle was suspended without pay for 30 days, fined an additional $10,000, then traded to the New York Mets.

Meanwhile, Lucchesi recovered from his injuries and returned to the bench, but on June 21, with the 1977 Rangers stalled at 31–31, he was fired. Randle was found guilty of assault, and Lucchesi later sued him for $200,000, blaming Randle for the loss of his job. The case was settled, and in 1979–80 Lucchesi returned to the Rangers as third-base coach, serving under manager Pat Corrales, whom he had managed 15 years earlier in the Phillies' farm system.

In 1987, Lucchesi was named caretaker pilot of the Chicago Cubs on September 8 upon the firing of Gene Michael. He had been serving the team as an "eye in the sky" scout from the press box. The Cubs went 8–17 over the season's final month, then hired both a new general manager, Jim Frey, and a new manager, Don Zimmer, for 1988. Lucchesi, then 61, returned to the minor leagues for two final seasons, managing the Nashville Sounds, the Reds' top affiliate in the Triple-A American Association.

Personal life
On June 8, 2019, Lucchesi died at his home in Colleyville, Texas, at the age of 93.

title: Frank Lucchesi


text:
Bas of Bithynia

Bas (Βᾶς; c. 397 BC – 326) was the first independent ruler of Bithynia. He ruled for fifty years, from 376 to 326 BC, and died at the age of 71.

Life
Bas succeeded his father Boteiras, and was himself succeeded by his own son Zipoetes I.

Bas defeated Calas, a general of Alexander the Great, and maintained the independence of Bithynia.

title: Bas of Bithynia


text:
Thomas Alleyn

Thomas Alleyn may refer to:

 * Thomas Alleyn (MP), in 1393 MP for East Grinstead (UK Parliament constituency)
 * Thomas Alleyn (3rd Master of Dulwich College) (died 1668/1669)
 * Thomas Alleyn (Barber-Surgeon) (died 1631)

title: Thomas Alleyn


text:
Talk:North Judson, Indiana

2020 Census Data
I added the 2020 population according to the United States Census Bureau. Information still needs to be added, so please contribute to keep this page, relevant and up to date and provide accurate information. StrawWord298944 (talk) 22:36, 16 November 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:North Judson, Indiana


text: Category:Hybrid fruit

title: Category:Hybrid fruit


text:
Cuckmere Haven

Cuckmere Haven (also known as the Cuckmere estuary) is an area of flood plains in Sussex, England, where the river Cuckmere meets the English Channel between Eastbourne and Seaford. The river is an example of a meandering river, and contains several oxbow lakes. It is a popular tourist destination with an estimated 350,000 visitors per year, where they can engage in long walks, or water activities on the river. The beach at Cuckmere Haven is next to the famous chalk cliffs, the Seven Sisters.

The wreck of the Polynesia, a German sailing ship that ran aground in April 1890 west of Beachy Head laden with a cargo of sodium nitrate, is exposed at low tide.

History

The beach was commonly used by smugglers in the 16th, 17th, and 18th centuries. For example, in 1783 two gangs of smugglers (each numbering 200 or 300) overcame officers of the law by weight of numbers and carried away a large quantity of goods.

In the Second World War, the site was studied by the Luftwaffe as they flew missions to identify potential landing sites for the invasion of the UK mainland. As a result, the British constructed a series of counter-landing defences, of which numerous pillboxes, anti-tank obstacles, ditches and tank traps survive. Admiralty scaffolding blocked the inlet, but is now gone. Cuckmere Haven featured heavily in the war effort: at night lights were placed to confuse bombers into thinking they were above Newhaven and an airfield was set up further inland. In addition to the permanent land-based constructions, the river was heavily mined.

The East Sussex Transport and Trading Company extracted gravel from the beach at Cuckmere Haven. It transported the material to the road at Exceat on a 2-foot (610 mm) gauge tramway a mile (1.6 km) long, established in the early 1930s and closed in 1964. The tramway began in what is now the car park on the southern side of the main road. The footpath to Cuckmere Haven (east of the river) follows the line of the tramway.

Settlements within the park
Two hamlets, Exceat and Foxhole, are in the park, along with a small group of cottages on the cliff edge (known as the coastguard cottages) – these are mostly kept as holiday homes. Next to the Friston Forest car park, Exceat is a group of farm buildings with facilities and a café. There is also a tiny old shepherd's caravan. The name Exceat derives from the old English word for "exit"; the hamlet was an exit for people sailing out to the Channel. Foxhole is made up of another group of agricultural buildings, with a large pond at the centre. The two houses are home to the Seven Sisters Country Park rangers, and one barn has been converted to a camping barn, with an adjacent field for camping. This is known as Foxhole Campsite, and is useful for South Downs Way walkers. It would appear Foxhole Campsite is no longer open for public use. has been updated to this effect, although the advice mentioned herein previously is still on the site.

Coastguard cottages

The coastguard cottages at Cuckmere Haven were built shortly after the National Coastguard Service was founded in 1822. Prior to this Cuckmere Haven was an important place for smuggling. The cliff face in front of the cottages has since retreated by more than 30 metres due to coastal erosion. This combined with the loss of shingle from the beach below the cottages due to wave action in storms has put the cottages in danger. A fundraising campaign has been created to protect these iconic buildings.

Wildlife and ecosystem
Cuckmere Haven is home to a large variety of wildlife, and has a rich ecosystem. Sheep and cattle graze, keeping the fields at a constant vegetation level. Woodpigeons and rooks pick at the stubble, and aquatic birds such as oystercatchers forage in the water meadows. The result is a fertile area of land providing varied habitats. The beaches are made up of shingle and there are rock pools along the shoreline at low tide.

From 2019, the entire coastline of the South Downs National Park is a Marine Conservation Zone.

Fish

 * The short-snouted seahorse

Reptiles

 * Adder
 * Barred grass snake
 * Slowworm

Mammals

 * Badger
 * Rabbits live in the sandy banks by the main path
 * Red fox
 * Domestic cattle (largely young bullocks) and sheep, mainly owned by Foxhole Farm, graze all round the park. Visitors are requested to keep dogs under close control at all times.

Birds

 * Black-headed gull
 * Brent goose
 * Canada goose
 * Carrion crow
 * Common sandpiper
 * Northern fulmars nest on the cliffs in summer; although not as common as the herring gulls, they can easily be spotted from the beach.
 * Green woodpecker
 * Grey heron
 * Grey wagtail
 * Greylag goose
 * Herring gull
 * Jackdaw
 * Kestrel
 * Little egrets had their first stronghold here at Cuckmere Haven and nest on the marshy area by the beach with the herons, with which they often forage.
 * Little grebe
 * Meadow pipit
 * Oystercatcher
 * Pied wagtail
 * Common pochard
 * Common redshank
 * Reed bunting
 * Ringed plover
 * Rook
 * Raven
 * Sand martins nest in the burrows they build in the sand banks by the path in summer
 * Shelduck
 * Short-eared owl
 * Skylarks tend to stay on the hills to the east of the river, where they nest in the long grass and rise up to sing.
 * Stonechat
 * Swallow
 * Wigeon
 * Woodpigeon

In popular culture
Cuckmere Haven has been used as the setting for all or part of a number of films and TV programmes including Robin Hood: Prince of Thieves, Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire, Atonement, Corruption, Green Wing, Foyle's War,  Mr. Holmes, Agatha Christie's Poirot, and Luther, as well as a music video for Cheryl Cole's song The Flood. Worzel Gummidge: Saucy Nancy

title: Cuckmere Haven


text: File:SPQ Libre.jpg

title: File:SPQ Libre.jpg


text:
RFC Liège

Royal Football Club de Liège (more commonly known as RFC Liège) is a professional football club based in Liège, capital of Liège Province, Belgium. The team currently play in Challenger Pro League, the second tier in Belgian football. Its matricule is 4, meaning that it was the fourth club to register with the country's national federation (founded 1895), and the club was the first Belgian champion in history (5 Championships & 1 Cup). The 'philosophy' of the club is based on integration of local young players and on popular and faithful support. The club was also known for being 'homeless' between 1995 and 2015, but is now playing on its own ground in the Rocourt area of Liège.

In 1990, FC Liège precipitated a ground-breaking ruling for European football, when its refusal to release Jean-Marc Bosman after his contract ran out led to the Bosman ruling, a European Court of Justice decision that caused major changes to the structure of European football.

History
It was founded in 1892 as Liège Football Club (Liège FC) and became an inaugural (1895) member of the Belgian Football Association as Football Club Liégeois (FC Liégeois). In 1896, the club became the first ever Belgian Champion, and is still the only club that has played all its seasons (117 as of 2019–20) at a national level, versus county or local levels. The club has won five First Division championships: 1896, 1898, 1899, 1952 and 1953.

In 1920 the prefix Royal was, when the club changed its name to Royal Football Club Liégeois (RFC Liégeois). Its name had been shortened to RFC Liège by the time of its consecutive championships in 1952 and 1953, the only clubs able to contest a dominating streak by Anderlecht, which won the three championships before (1949–1951) and after (1954–1956). RFC Liégeois reached the 1963–64 Inter-Cities Fairs Cup semi-finals, losing in three games against the eventual winner of the Cup, Spain's Real Zaragoza. Between 1965 and 1985, there were poor results, and the club survived with the help of its own tradition: young players coming from inside the club, and faithful supporters.

At the end of the 1980s, RFC Liège played in European competitions, facing such notable clubs as Benfica, Juventus, Rapid Vienna, Hibernian, Werder Bremen and Athletic Bilbao. The club won a Belgian Cup in 1990.

In 1995, the club faced bankruptcy when its stadium, Stade Vélodrome de Rocourt, was sold and demolished to build a movie theatre. To survive, the club joined with R.F.C. Tilleur-Saint-Nicolas, based in the Liège suburb of Saint-Nicolas, to become R. Tilleur F.C. de Liège.

The club went down from the First Division (which it had not left since 1945) to the Third Division. The word Tilleur was dropped from the team name in 2000, returning to "RFC Liège".

From 1995 to 2009, the club moved between the Second and Third Divisions, with two Third Division titles in 1996 and 2008.

In 2008–09, the club played in the Second Division, but suffered back to back relegations, dropping to the Fourth Division in April 2011.

In the 2015–16 season, RFC Liège plays in Division 3.

In the 2022–23 season, RFC Liège confirmed promotion to Challenger Pro League from 2023–24 after draw 0–0 at Tienen on Matchweek 35. On 14 May 2023, the club finished runner-up of Belgian National Division 1 in 2022–23 season.

Stadium
Starting in 1921, RFC Liège played in Stade Vélodrome de Rocourt, in the suburban municipality of Rocourt. Rocourt became part of the city of Liège in 1977. The stadium was sold, and demolished, in 1995, earning RFC Liège the nickname 'homeless'.

Between 1995 and 2015, RFC Liège played in Tilleur (1995–2000), Seraing (2000–2004), Ans (2004–2008), and Seraing (Pairay Stadium, 2008–2015).

In 2015 the club returned to Rocourt, playing its home matches in the new Stade de Rocourt.

Former players

 * 🇫🇷 Tarik Kharif

Staff
Head coach: 🇧🇪 Gaëtan Englebert Assistant coach: 🇧🇪 Eric Deflandre Goalkeeper coach: 🇧🇪 Pierre Drouguet

League

 * Belgian First Division
 * Champions (5): 1895–96, 1897–98, 1898–99, 1951–52, 1952–53
 * Runners-up: 1896–97, 1958–59, 1960–61
 * Belgian Second Division
 * Winners: 1911–12, 1922–23, 1943–44
 * Belgian Third Division
 * Winners: 1942–43, 1995–96, 2006–07
 * Belgian Fourth Division
 * Winners: 2014–15
 * Belgian National Division 1
 * Runner-up: 2022–23

Cups

 * Belgian Cup
 * Winners: 1989–90
 * Runners-up: 1986–87
 * Belgian League Cup
 * Winners: 1986
 * Runners-up: 1973

title: RFC Liège


text:
Talk:Clear Lake, Indiana

External links modified
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20130911234518/http://factfinder2.census.gov to http://factfinder2.census.gov
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 * Added archive http://www.webcitation.org/6YSasqtfX?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Fprod%2Fwww%2Fdecennial.html to http://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html

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title: Talk:Clear Lake, Indiana


text:
Maggie Millar

Maggie Millar (born 6 January 1941) alternatively Maggie Miller, is an Australian former actress, artist, writer, radio personality, and public relations officer. She is known for her television series roles in Bellbird, The Sullivans, and Prisoner (1976, 1981-84).

Millar came out of retirement when she was offered a part in Neighbours in 2002. After a year she was written out of the series and again retired in 2007, except for a brief return in a short film in 2016.

Career
Millar was born in Sydney, Australia and trained in London, England at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art, having won a scholarship to attend it. Although she has appeared in pantomime and other theatre, she is best known for her many Australian television appearances. Millar was awarded the 1976 Logie Award for Best Individual Performance by an Actress for Homicide, and she is best known for appearances in soap opera in shows such as Hunter, Division 4, Matlock Police, Cop Shop, A Country Practice, and Blue Heelers.

Millar is most renowned for her long term roles in series including Bellbird as Georgia Moorhouse, Prisoner as Marie Winter, The Sullivans as Elizabeth Bradley, and Neighbours as Rev. Rosie Hoyland.

She has appeared on ABC Radio and many Australian films, mainly in cameo roles including Phar Lap and Peita.

Personal life
Millar has been married twice. Her first husband was from Germany, and together they had a son, Benjamin. Following their divorce in 1976, Millar met theatre critic—turned—primary school teacher, Ian, and they married in 1984.

title: Maggie Millar


text:
Talk:Fremont, Indiana

Untitled
James Dean lived and was buried in Fairmount, Indiana, not Fremont. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 159.242.10.24 (talk) 18:34, 18 July 2008 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 4 external links on Fremont, Indiana. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive http://www.webcitation.org/6HQu4Spqa?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Fpopest%2Fdata%2Fcities%2Ftotals%2F2012%2FSUB-EST2012.html to http://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2012/SUB-EST2012.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20130911234518/http://factfinder2.census.gov to http://factfinder2.census.gov
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20161001203905/http://www.postalhistory.com/postoffices.asp?task=display&state=IN&county=Steuben to http://www.postalhistory.com/postoffices.asp?task=display&state=IN&county=Steuben
 * Added tag to http://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2015/SUB-EST2015.html
 * Added archive http://www.webcitation.org/6YSasqtfX?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Fprod%2Fwww%2Fdecennial.html to http://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 12:59, 5 January 2017 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 4 external links on Fremont, Indiana. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Corrected formatting/usage for http://factfinder2.census.gov/
 * Corrected formatting/usage for http://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20130928141322/http://www.doe.in.gov/improvement/accountability/f-accountability to http://www.doe.in.gov/improvement/accountability/f-accountability
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20090105184457/http://www.kpcnews.net/special-sections/cruising3/cruising1.html to http://www.kpcnews.net/special-sections/cruising3/cruising1.html

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 20:27, 7 October 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Fremont, Indiana