text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Trufab (UK)

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was no consensus so kept. -- Joolz 21:45, 20 September 2005 (UTC)

Trufab (UK)
Tagged for speedy as: "Advertising. Nothing especially notable about the company.". Advertising isn't a speedy criterion. Kappa 18:58, 30 August 2005 (UTC)
 * I have voted keep below Kappa 14:40, 10 September 2005 (UTC)

 * Comment: As the one who put the "speedy" on, I just want to say "oops - sorry!" To be honest, I sometimes can't be bothered to pay as close attention to the procedures as I should (and I still can't be bothered right now as there's just half an before the pubs close). Yes - I should have recommended a normal VFD! (NB: see also Trufab.) --Finbarr Saunders 21:33, 30 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Just a fairly uninteresting maker of steel. Their (rather cool) website says they have 100 employees so they're small too. There's no Google evidence of interest outside various advertising listings and they don't appear to have invented any new machining techniques. Their site admits they "...want to become the dominant player" ergo they are not. Nn. -Splash 22:11, 30 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep We have listings of other companies, this is a medium sized manufacturer and the article is discreet and to the point. I would remove the address and if possible add the financial data to the entry --Machtzu 22:54, 30 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Needs more discussion. Relisting on 10 Sep. --Tony Sidaway Talk  10:31, 10 September 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete Companies are not necessarily encyclopedic and IMO this one isn't. Marcus22 10:51, 10 September 2005 (UTC)
 * As Splash says, most of the references to this company that searches turn up are corporate blurbs submitted to business directories by the company itself. However, because of the cited news coverage, this company satisfies the WP:CORP independent published works criterion, albeit very barely.  (A brief search didn't turn up any other independent published works except for corporate credit ratings that were tantamount to directory listings.) Keep. Uncle G 12:57:50, 2005-09-10 (UTC)
 * Keep after Uncle G. Excellent research, and now we can be sure in our minds that the article isn't an advertising puff piece. --Tony Sidaway Talk 14:34, 10 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep now, well done Uncle G for the expansion and Tony for relisting. Kappa 14:40, 10 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep as per Uncle G. Capitalistroadster 15:59, 10 September 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


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Berriasian

In the geological timescale, the Berriasian is an age/stage of the Early/Lower Cretaceous. It is the oldest subdivision in the entire Cretaceous. It has been taken to span the time between 145.0 ± 4.0 Ma and 139.8 ± 3.0 Ma (million years ago). The Berriasian succeeds the Tithonian (part of the Jurassic) and precedes the Valanginian.

Stratigraphic definition
The Berriasian Stage was introduced in scientific literature by Henri Coquand in 1869. It is named after the village of Berrias in the Ardèche department of France. The largely non-marine English Purbeck Formation is in part of Berriasian age. The first rocks to be described of this age were the beds of the English Purbeck Formation, named as the Purbeckian by Alexandre Brongniart in 1829 following description by Henry De la Beche, William Buckland, Thomas Webster and William Henry Fitton.

The base of the Berriasian, which is also the base of the Cretaceous System, has traditionally been placed at the first appearance of fossils of the ammonite species Berriasella jacobi. But this is a species that has a stratigraphically problematic and geographically limited distribution. A global reference profile (a GSSP) for the Berriasian has been under active consideration by the Berriasian Working Group (ISCS) of IUGS since 2010. A range of contender GSSP localities has been studied in detail by the Working Group including localities as far apart as Mexico, Ukraine, Tunisia, Iraq and the Russian Far East. Several markers have been employed to refine correlations and to work towards defining a base for the Berriasian Stage. These include calcareous microfossils, such as Nannoconus, calpionellids, ammonites, palynological data and magnetostratigraphy, notably magnetozone M19n. The calibration of these markers, especially Nannoconus steinmannii minor, N. kamptneri minor, and Calpionella alpina, within precisely fixed magnetozones give greater precision in trying to identify the best position for a boundary. In 2016, the Berriasian Working Group voted to adopt Calpionella alpina as the primary marker for the base of the Berriasian Stage. In 2019, a GSSP for the Berriasian was nominated by a vote of the Berriasian Working Group of the Cretaceous Subcommission (ISCS): it is the profile of Tré Maroua in the Vocontian Basin (Hautes Alpes, France). The GSSP was defined at the base of the Alpina Subzone in the middle of magnetozone M19n.2n. This site proposal, of Tré Maroua, was subsequently unsuccessful in a vote of the ISCS (8 votes for and 8 against: 4 not voting); a new working group was formed in 2021.

In the western part of the ocean of Tethys, the Berriasian consists of four ammonite biozones, from top to bottom (latest to earliest):
 * Thurmanniceras otopeta
 * Subthurmannia boissieri
 * Tirnovella occitanica
 * Berriasella jacobi/Pseudosubplanites grandis

The top of the Berriasian stage is defined by the base of the Valanginian, which is fixed at the first appearance of calpionellid species Calpionellites darderi. This is just a little below the first appearance of the ammonite species Thurmanniceras pertransiens.

Regional terms used in Russia include "Volgian"(which spans perhaps the latest Kimmeridgian, all the Tithonian and an uncertain amount of the lower Berriasian) and the "Ryazanian" (?upper Berriasian).

Literature

 * 🇦🇹; (2004): A Geologic Time Scale 2004, Cambridge University Press.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Berriasian


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Talk:Determiner (function)

 * X-bar theory contends that every noun has a corresponding determiner.

Does it assert this specifically about English, or about all languages? --Jim Henry | Talk 19:00, 30 August 2005 (UTC)

 * for all languages, supposedly 71.96.109.24 04:40, 23 March 2006 (UTC)

Determiners at English Wiktionary
Over at the English Wiktionary, it appears that we may be facing a vote regarding whether to allow determiner as a "part of speech heading" for English words. Anyone willing to make arguments for or against should make themselves heard [http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:Beer_parlour#Proposal_to_use_.22Determiner.22_as_an_L3.2FPOS_header. here].--Brett (talk) 14:47, 2 April 2008 (UTC)

Merge
I think this should be merged with Determiner (class). Much of the information here is repeated there, and this is a very short article, almost a stub. --Dbutler1986 (talk) 00:47, 8 April 2008 (UTC)

I agree. --87.206.149.210 (talk) 13:42, 3 September 2008 (UTC)

 * I agree too.--Jcvamp (talk) 23:32, 7 November 2008 (UTC)

 * I agree! The articles should be merged. ... said: Rursus (bork²) 11:10, 15 January 2009 (UTC)

 * Done: as per consensus. Jubilee♫ clipman  04:06, 10 October 2009 (UTC)

title: Talk:Determiner (function)


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Lord Norwich

An unqualified reference to Lord Norwich could refer to:

 * Earl of Norwich, an extinct title created three times in the Peerage of England and once in the Peerage of Great Britain
 * Viscount Norwich, a title created in the Peerage of the United Kingdom in 1952

title: Lord Norwich


text:
Talk:Alternative names for Northern Ireland

Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
This article is or was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): OliverWang.

Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT (talk) 13:57, 16 January 2022 (UTC)

Boundry Commission & Kingdom of Ulster
I noticed the sentence: "'term is disliked by some nationalists because the whole of the Province of Ulster consists of nine counties'"

Instead, should it read "Historical Kingdom of Ulster"? The maps here and wiki article Kingdoms of ancient Ireland appears to back that up. Reading it just didnt seem to make sense- the only time i've heard the phrase 'province' used is by Unionists or in pro-union media to describe NI as a province of/within the UK structure, not as a territorial province called Ulster. Unionists do use the term 'Ulster' to mean NI but I have frequently heard the argument in nationalist circles that- "Ulster is 9 counties not 6".

There was one other thing- there doesnt appear to be any explanation or link to the explanation of this in introductory paragraph: "'the region, known officially as Northern Ireland was made up of six counties, four of which were [at the time] largely Protestant and unionist.'"

Is it possible to link to Boundary Commission (Ireland) to give explanation of what lead to the formation of majorities described? I don't know the details of it, but theres a popular view im aware of that the boundary commission 'rigged' the border so nationalist population in the now RoI border counties were deliberately excluded from NI just so unionist voting majorities could be created in NI. Is that just a myth? Fluffy999 00:17, 5 May 2006 (UTC)

The North
"In the Republic of Ireland, people typically refer to Northern Ireland simply as "the North". They do not usually mean the term in a political sense, however, but are merely stating a geographic reality in respect of the island of Ireland as a whole." How exactly could "The North" be interpreted in a political sense? DJ Clayworth 21:43, 2 September 2005 (UTC)

I personally refer to Northern Ireland as "The North." The article mentions that NI is often referred to by republicans as the "North East." I don't know any one who refers to NI as the North East and unless some one has, I think this term should be deleted from the article. When some one mentions "North East" I immediately think of Louth, Meath, Monaghan, although I would have no qualms including NI counties in the definition. antnix 22:29, 21 October 2006 (UTC)

VfD results
This article was nominated for deletion. The result was keep. For details, please see Articles for deletion/Northern Ireland naming dispute. -- BD2412 talk 04:53, 9 September 2005 (UTC)

Dispute?
I think that the content of this page is valuable, but perhaps it would be better to move this to "Northern Ireland naming controversy," since, as it was pointed out, there isn't so much an active argument (a dispute) so much as a subtle, yet political, inherent problem with the name. What is thought about this? —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Joomba (talk • contribs) 09:08, 8 November 2005.

 * Out of curiousity I looked up both words on dictionary.com, and controversy is defined as " A dispute, especially a public one, between sides holding opposing views.". Both words have merit in the title for this article, I feel. I certainly won't object if it's moved, but I feel the current title fits the bill pretty well (then again, I would say that as I chose the article title). Talrias (t | e | c) 11:07, 8 November 2005 (UTC)

 * Point taken. Just a thought - it was in response to someone on another page (I guess I forget where, now) who suggested that this page might not be necessary because he is unsure that a dispute exists at all. Also, sorry about the awkwardness of my edit here, I am unused to the format. Joomba

 * I'm curious as to whether there is any active movement lobbying for an official name-change for this entity? Do some object to the official name and its cognates in other languages? Are other variations, such as British Ulster or Eastern Ulster ever used at all? //The Ever-Curious Big Adamsky 19:00, 28 December 2005 (UTC)

Names in other local languages
How about mentioning the Irish Gaelic and Ulster Scots names? - FrancisTyers 21:46, 12 November 2005 (UTC)

 * Please add them in! Talrias (t | e | c) 06:06, 13 November 2005 (UTC)

a questionable topic
i question whether this topic should exist. it suggests a much more serious and active problem than seems to actually exist. "dispute" suggests on ongoing fight between two or more major parties. when it is only a few extremists trying to create a dispute out of nothing, as seems to be the case here, the very existence of an article about a "dispute" is POV.

a similar example might be if someone created a "west bank/judea and samaria naming dispute" article. in this case, the extreme right wing in israel insists on the term "judea and samaria", and it is used by some english-language journalists who take this position (e.g. william safire). but there is no serious mainstream dispute.

Benwing 04:42, 26 January 2006 (UTC)

 * What name do you suggest? Dictionaries define "dispute" as a controversy, a discussion. Dispute seems like an appropriate word but if you have a better one please suggest it. I don't think the existence of this article is POV. What POV is it trying to push? Talrias (t | e | c) 10:41, 26 January 2006 (UTC)

Rename and Merge this article
I propose this article be renamed to "Alternative nomenclature for Northern Ireland". The nomenclature section in the main Northern Ireland article should be cut down to a couple of sentences, as there is far too much info on this in that main article. Any excess content in the main NI article should then be merged with here, though I think that this information here is much more accurate in general than in the main NI article. Jonto 21:44, 24 February 2006 (UTC)

 * OK - I moved the article - any objections, then discuss please. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Jonto (talk • contribs).

 * This is a really clumsy and wordy title. What was wrong with "Northern Ireland naming dispute"? Talrias (t | e | c) 22:23, 24 February 2006 (UTC)

 * The problem is that not many people actually dispute the name "Northern Ireland" It is an official title, and accepted arounf the world. Jonto 22:28, 24 February 2006 (UTC)

 * The largest nationalist political party, Sinn Fein, calls it by the "Six Counties", and the DUP, the largest unionist party, often refers to it as "Ulster" - as it says in the article. The dispute over the name is a reflection of the larger dispute over who should own the territory, and while it has taken a more peaceful turn lately the size of the dispute in the past has claimed many lives from all sides of the political spectrum. Paramilitaries on both sides (loyalist and republican) each have their own names for it. It is definitely a dispute. A dispute is a challenge of the validity of something. This definitely fits that description. Talrias (t | e | c) 22:57, 24 February 2006 (UTC)

 * As you have admitted, the overwhelming majority of disputes are not over the name but over the TERRITORY. Sinn Fein calls it the six counties, because it does not want to recognise that the territory of Northern Ireland even exists in the first place as a political entity. The DUP will not EXCLUSIVELY call Northern Ireland Ulster - Northern Ireland is also (if not more often) used by the DUP. Using the word "dispute" implies the PoV that the name is widely disputed, when in fact any major dispute is really over territory and not the name itself. "Alternative nomenclature for Northern Ireland" does not contain the same problematic PoV issuesJonto 23:15, 24 February 2006 (UTC)

 * It is widely disputed, both the name and the territory. I just explained that. The title you have moved it to is clumsy. I have no objections to moving it to a better name, but the one you have suggested is not a better one. Talrias (t | e | c) 23:59, 24 February 2006 (UTC)

 * You did not explain that at all- I would argue that the dispute is actually about the territory - there is nothing disputed about the name in itself - names are a follow through from the real dispute about the territory. Northern Ireland is officially and unquestionably a legal and internationally recognised name used as one of the political entities of the United Kingdom. You could also argue that now not even Sinn Fein disputes the territory because it supported the Belfast Agreement.

 * You may think the name to be "clumsy", but it certainly does not have the same PoV issues. Is it more important that the title is "clumsy", or that it implies a PoV?
 * Jonto 00:08, 25 February 2006 (UTC)

 * Wikipedia is an encyclopaedia - not just of the present, but of history. I don't believe that the previous title had any "POV issues". The article is entirely balanced and represents the facts objectively. Talrias (t | e | c) 00:23, 25 February 2006 (UTC)

 * It doesn't matter whether you are talking about past or present - there were NO major disputes over the NAME, but over territory to which the name refers. I am not objecting to there being an article and its content - I am objecting to the previous title and what it implies. You may not think there are PoV issues, but I and others above have expressed concerns. It is your PoV that the name is disputed - it is my PoV that it isn't - therefore there are PoV issues! Can you say that there are any PoV issues with the "Alternative... " name? Jonto 00:38, 25 February 2006 (UTC)

As an Irish Nationalists, I can say with some degree of certainty that there is little argument over what the area is called. When a Nationalists hears “Ulster”, they usually think of the whole province, so it’s not offensive to most. Northern Ireland is what is it: northern Ireland. It’s not “North Ireland” as it does not take into account the most Northerly part of Ireland, it describes what the area is roughly, most of the Northern part of Ireland.

Catholics, Protestants, Nationalists and Unionists can all say “The North” because, believe it or not, most of us are much more relaxed that what some people believe. This isn’t a big island, when you’re going down to a county that is in the Republic, I doubt many people go “I’m off to the Republic of Ireland”, it’s simply “I’m going down South”. It’s not a political thing at all.

Hard liners are the one’s that make media attention, but in reality, both “communities” say whatever comes to their mouths first.

81.79.222.137 22:18, 28 February 2006 (UTC)

 * I have to agree with you there 81.79.222.137 . Call it "Northern Ireland", "Ulster", "The North", "Six Counties", or "The Province", most people from either "community" in NI don't really care about which of these names are used in informal conversation.

 * I think this division of names into "political" categories of "unionist" and "nationalist" is really a bit PoV in my opinion. As you say, while extreme and vocal elements from either "community" may use the names for political reasons, this is not necessarily true and they are more regularly used by the common person without any such political intent. The problem is worse on the main Northern Ireland article in the "Variations in Geographic nomenclature" section, which I propose to simply list the main names and then link to this as the main article.

 * The same problem goes for NI WP articles in general, where many of the articles are split into a sectarian carve-up, forgetting entirely that there is a third of the population who really does not give a crap any more.
 * Jonto 19:13, 1 March 2006 (UTC)

 * As an example of how this is blown way out of proportion into "Unionist" and "Nationalist", here is a link to a unionist speech using "six counties" in the opening sentence! Jonto 19:08, 14 March 2006 (UTC)

A gross mispresentation that it blatently dishonest. All the speaker does is say that people have come to the meeting from around the six countries. As there are six countries, all the speaker was doing is stating the bleeding obvious. (That is why it is lowercased. He is referring to the number of counties.) He was not calling the state the Six Counties. If he was, it would have been uppercased. It would help if Jonto didn't make untrue claims. FearÉIREANN \(caint) 21:17, 14 April 2006 (UTC)

 * Jtdirl - I simply linked to somewhere where unionists referred to Northern Ireland as "the six counties". Unionists would never consider this an official name, but may occassionally use it informally. I don't know how you interpret this "blatently dishonest" and that I am making "untrue claims" by quoting a reference. It is irrelevant whether the statement is upper or lower cased as the text was taken from a verbal speech. If he wasn't calling the "state" the "six counties", then what on earth was he referring to apart fromm Northern Ireland?

 * The point I am trying to make that is that, while language can be used politicaly by each "side", more often than not it is used informally by both "sides" without any such implications. By saying that such terms are exclusive to either side you are ironically creating division in an area where it doesn't exist in a significant manner in Northern Ireland. Most people in NI are not too bothered about informal alternate names, as long as the alternate name is not used 100% of the time to refer to NI.Jonto 15:47, 15 April 2006 (UTC)

 * Completely misleading. The point you have been making for ages is that names like Ulster, Six Counties etc are used by all communities. They demonstrably are not. Your link did not show a Unionist using the name. All it showed was him pointing out that people in the audience had come from each of the six counties. He could have said "from north, south, east and west" or anything else. He was clearly not calling the state the "Six Counties". He was simply pointing out that there were people from each of the six counties there. He was making a point about geography, not nomenclature. Learn the difference. FearÉIREANN [[Image:Map of Ireland's capitals.png|15px]]\(caint)  19:44, 15 April 2006 (UTC)

 * The point I am making is that the names are not necessarily always used with politically conntotations like you like to imply. Just because you are some journalist who covers politics doesn't mean that nothing else is valid outside your precious little political sphere. Guess what, in daily life in Northern Ireland there are a large section of people who are fed up to the teeth with NI politics and DON'T CARE. We are talking about terminology here. Irrespective of what was meant, the terminology was used in an informal fashion. Likewise, the other terms can be used informally in NI without stirring up much of a fuss or having any political implications. (I guess adding "occupied" to "six counties" would be the exception)Jonto 00:11, 16 April 2006 (UTC)

Names of Ireland
For an informal merger discussion see Wikipedia_talk:Irish_Wikipedians%27_notice_board.

Djegan 20:03, 4 May 2006 (UTC)

Renaming Northern Ireland
I have amended the phrase:

the Government of Northern Ireland once tried to change the official name of the country to Ulster, but this was vetoed by the UK Government.

to

the Government of Northern Ireland once considered changing the official name of the country to Ulster.

because as far as I understood the rejection came from the then NI Prime Minister on the grounds that he didn't want to cede the use of 'Ireland' to the Republic. I have left the citation tag in because I can't remember where I read this. beano 21:37, 8 January 2007 (UTC)

"Norn Iron"
The term "Norn Iron" is not meant to be a new name for Northern Ireland, instead it is merely the way that "Northern Ireland" is pronounced in some Northern Irish accents. This should not be considered a new, different, or alternative name for the country. Furthermore, there are no citations to support this in the article. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 82.83.121.10 (talk) 23:06, 5 January 2010 (UTC)
 * I'll plump for Norn Ir'n instead. Norn Iron may not be cited in polite literature, but it is what you'll hear on the Ulster Street.86.46.206.117 (talk) 15:04, 15 April 2010 (UTC)

Blacklisted Links Found on the Main Page
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Below is a list of links that were found on the main page:

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text:
Chad Harville

Chad Ashley Harville (born September 16, 1976) is an American former professional relief pitcher. Harville bats and throws right-handed. He is known for throwing in the high 90's with an outstanding sinker.

He has a wonderful wife and two children

Career
A second-round pick of the Oakland Athletics in 1997, Harville posted a 4-6 record with a 4.94 ERA and one save in 135 career relief appearances with Oakland and Houston. In 133 innings, he had 114 strikeouts and 78 walks.

On August 23, 2005, Harville was claimed by the Boston Red Sox off waivers from the Astros. He was 0-2 with a 4.46 ERA in 37 games for Houston, having allowed just two runs in 15 1-3 innings over his last 13 appearances. With the Red Sox unable to find the right combination of relievers due to injury and ineffectiveness (using a total of 18 pitchers out of the bullpen), they decided to take a chance on Harville, designating Mike Remlinger for assignment. Unfortunately, Harville was 0-1 with a 6.43 ERA in 8 appearances for Boston.

On November 22, 2005, Harville was signed by the Tampa Bay Devil Rays as a free agent to a one-year deal, but he had another down season, posting a 0-2 record and a 5.93 ERA in 32 appearances. On August 15, 2006, the Devil Rays designated him for assignment. In 2007, Harville was the closer for the Arizona Diamondbacks Triple-A affiliate, the Tucson Sidewinders.

Harville is originally from Savannah, Tennessee. He attended Hardin County High School. In 1994, he was named All-Conference in C-USA while playing for the Memphis Tigers.

title: Chad Harville


text:
User talk:Katpatuka

Merhaba Katpatuka, Ben de Wikipadia ile yeni tanistim. Cok faydali olabilecek bir uygulama... Maalesef ilk tecrubelerim cok ic acici degil. Kubra adli yonetici tarafindan erisimim engellendi. Fethullah Gulen hakkindaki makaleyi tarafsiz hale getirmeye calisiyordum. Erisimin serbest kalmasini gerceklestirmen mumkun mu? Tesekkurler... User:RGulerdem

Re:Unwanted reverts
Hi Katpatuka. I am sorry if I reverted your talk page. I am a member of Esperanza and a Administrator in the English Wikipedia and I reverted your talk page as I considered the actions of RGulerden as vandalism as there was a welcoming message from a member of the Welcoming comittee before him! Sorry if that disputed you! Cheers -- Szvest 04:33, 4 January 2006 (UTC)

mERHaba
Slm, Türk karşıtı bir kullanıcı, Khoikhoi ingilizce wikipedia'da adminlik için şansını deniyor.Daha fazla türk gelirse bunu engelleyebiliriz. Oyunu burdan kulllanabilirsin Teşekkürler. (66.36.229.70 19:03, 26 March 2006 (UTC))
 * 1) here's english wiki so please talk english;
 * 2) I don't know User:Khoikhoi;
 * 3) I don't like being pushed by anonymous users.
 * --katpatuka 19:57, 26 March 2006 (UTC)

tr:Mikrofilm
Erm... I hadn't checked, but it seems that the image in Microfilm was actually commons:Image:Microfiche.jpg (I just changed it for commons:Image:Microform-reader.jpeg). You might use that one as well (although it's also of a microfiche reader – you can see what a microfiche looks like just under the screen, its name – "Microform-reader" – is less embarrassing). ;-)

As for the difference between Microfilm and Microfiche, the simplest explanation lies in Microform: microfilms usually are reels, much like camera films, while microfiches are flat sheets, usually with 7 rows of 14 images, though the image you used is of a COM microfiche, with 15 rows of 18 images. EjpH 22:52, 14 June 2006 (UTC)
 * Yes, AFAICT, there's no image of a microfilm reader or of a microfilm reel yet on commons, that's correct. I have suggested in the French equivalent of tr:Vikipedi:Köy çeşmesi that someone takes a photograph of a microfilm reader and uploads it to commons. EjpH 08:43, 15 June 2006 (UTC) I have also posted a request in Commons:Picture_requests. EjpH 15:19, 15 June 2006 (UTC)

Help me out with a copyright tag
I found you as a random person I picked that has the native German speaker userbox. Could you look at commons:Template:NAUMANN, and tell me anything from www.biologie.uni-hamburg.de/b-online/birds/naumann.htm that relates to copyrights, authors, and publishing dates? There are many images on wikipedia that would benefit from the use of this template if I can confirm this template's claims are valid. Thanks. Kevin_b_er 06:13, 12 August 2006 (UTC)

Reverted Broodwitch's Vandalism
Sorry. Your talk page seems to attract vandals. Aran 08:51, 8 September 2006 (UTC)

Mongolian toponymics
Hi! You recently made some edits to Mongolia-related articles. Please be a bit careful about redirecting stuff, as you did with Ih-Uul: Many toponymics in Mongolia are not unique, there are a number of places called Jargalant, several Tsagaan Nuurs, and heaps of places (mostly mountains, though) named Ih-Uul. I.e. in many cases, it is better to start a text search before creating a redirect, lest you create a redirect where a disambiguation page would be better. Best regards, Yaan (talk) 13:19, 10 September 2008 (UTC)

Why "gol" instead of "Gol"?
In English "Gol" is a Mongolian river personal name part, so it is with the capital letter and next "river" is added. In Mongolian - no, because it means "river", grammatically necessary personal name part in Mongolian.

Or we will translate "Gol" as a "river" (like Orkhon river). Your option is a third, but never adopted in any discussion.Bogomolov.PL (talk) 14:00, 10 September 2008 (UTC)

Offline sources of Mongolian toponyms
Several weeks ago I've got the complete set of Mongolian (2003 issue) topo maps (1:500 000, in Mongolian). I think it can be used as official(=relevant) source for the actual Mongolian toponyms. Romanization rules are: Naming conventions (Mongolian), so Ih-Uul is not correct, but Ikh-Uul only. Bogomolov.PL (talk)

 * Offline sources are Copyright protected, so we can use them in a paper form, but scanning not for the private use is prohibited, sorry. But this is every map or atlas problem, you see. Bogomolov.PL (talk) 14:36, 10 September 2008 (UTC)

Re. Ikh-Uul or Ih-Uul, usage of umlauts etc., this convention of course only applies within Wikipedia. Mongolians use a slightly different system for their passports, and a "scientific" transcription may look yet different. Of course on osm, you might opt to simply use cyrillic letters. The project looks indeed interesting, but I already spend too much time on WP. Regards, Yaan (talk) 15:28, 10 September 2008 (UTC)

Tosontsengel
Hi. I think it is pointless to create two-entry dab pages. A hatnote on one page will take everything much easier and would lessen the clicks of the searchers. Best, -- brew crewer  (yada, yada) 21:32, 14 September 2008 (UTC)

hydrological sources for China
I'm sorry, I could only give you four pdf files as below, it is all in Chinese characters. Usually I find the reservoir or lake in Google Earth manuelly. --Doctoroftcm (talk) 11:56, 13 October 2010 (UTC)
 * 中国水库名称代码. Code for Chinese reservoirs
 * 中国湖泊名称代码 Code for Chinese lakes
 * 中国河流名称代码 Code for Chinese rivers
 * 中国蓄滞洪区名称代码 Code for Chinese flood retarding basin

 * You can find the meaning of the codes in Chapter 3 in every file, I think you could use Google Translate or download a dictionary software like Youdao, Ciba. For example, AAA18006 is Xun River, the 1st character "A" means river("B" means reservoir); the 2nd character means first grade of river basin, "A" as River Amur; the 3rd character means second grade of river basin, "A" means the river inflow into River Amur directly; then the 4th & 5th characters are the serial numbers of first grade tributary; the 6th & 7th characters are second grade; the last number explain the category of the river, "6" means it is a tributary of another river.

 * The file 中国河流名称代码 Code for Chinese rivers just collect the major river of China, a lot of little river are not in it. So You can't find the river flowing past 平都镇 in the file. I checked a Jiangxi Atlas, the river is the upstream of Lushui(泸水), a tributary of Heshui(zh:禾水), Chenshanhe(陈山河) is a tributary of Lushui(泸水), 牛吼江&六八河 are two names of one river(zh:灉水), which is a tributary of Heshui(禾水) too. You can ask User:Camphora, he is a native of Taihe, Ji'an. --Doctoroftcm (talk) 09:10, 15 October 2010 (UTC)

 * How do I creat File:Xinfengjiang Reservoir.svg: 1. find it in Google Maps, screenshot it and save as jpg file; 2.use Inkscape to transform to svg file.

 * File:Jiangxi Guangfeng.svg is transformed from File:Jiangxi Yiyang.svg, which created by User:Camphora.--Doctoroftcm (talk) 03:09, 16 October 2010 (UTC) Doctoroftcm (talk)

Conic sections.png
Hello. You had made a nice diagram about the conic sections which I use now in an article. But it has a mistaken element: the yellow line declines although the yellow plane is definitely horizontal, of course. Maybe you still have the original source for this image. At this case I ask you for making the correction to have the proper shape. Or if you don't have the liking to do this than I can edit the bitmap file. And one more proposition: the vertical axis of the cone also could be nice to see in the solid, too. Tschüss! - Orion 8 (talk) 19:22, 25 November 2011 (UTC)

All right, I'll call the original author. The declination is really not too much, but it has to cause the clear feeling in the visitor that this plane is perpendicular to the axis. Never mind, thank you for your response. Bye. - Orion 8 (talk) 22:27, 26 November 2011 (UTC)

Disambiguation link notification for January 26
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Re:is 三張店鄉 and 三店鄉 the same?
Thx for your comment. Tow articles are created by the same person. I already left a message at his user talk page.-- DreamLiner ''' Talk 22:11, 3 February 2016 (UTC)

Re:double entries 洪凝鎮 and 洪凝街道
Reported. Please add the following phrase to your user page, to claim your language preference: -- DreamLiner ''' Talk 20:46, 6 February 2016 (UTC)
 * 我的母语是德语，能用流利的英语交流，不懂得中文. 请用英语或德语给我留言.

Template:My
It had a linebreak before the noinclude. Removing that, fixed Administrative divisions of Myanmar. :-) Quiddity (talk) 17:47, 22 April 2017 (UTC)

Linking OSM and Wikipedia
Hi there - I saw your interest in OSM. I've been thinking about how to make tagging of objects easier, and just put some code into a gadget, see mw:User:Bjohas/OSMgadget. The gadget inserts a section at the top of the page, and displays the result of an OSM search for wikidata and title. If nothing is found, you can use a direct link to OSM to try and spot the object manually. Not sure it's useful to you, but perhaps you'd like to try it. All the best wishes. Bjohas (talk) 23:19, 10 May 2017 (UTC)

hello ~
so you also play wikipedia XD--Qa003qa003 (talk) 09:38, 25 April 2018 (UTC)

Cut-and-paste moves
Hi Katpatuka,

When moving content between pages, please use either the move function to rename the page or follow the steps outlined at Copying within Wikipedia. A cut-and-paste move, such as the one you performed from Quảng Bình District to Quang Bình District on 12 January 2018 breaks attribution and violates Wikipedia's copyright policy.

If you have any questions in general, or about a specific instance of moving content between pages, please do not hesitate to ask me at my talk page.

Best, -- Black Falcon (talk) 17:31, 29 September 2019 (UTC)
 * As far as I remember while looking at the history of both Quang Binh (hope you've studied both too) the name Quảng Bình District was wrongly created so I've just copy/pasted its content into the correct name Quang Bình District which existed (and was not created by me). I do not understand where copyright policy could be violated by doing so... --katpatuka (talk) 18:31, 29 September 2019 (UTC)
 * Your recollection is correct, and sorry, I should have offered a more specific link. Copyrights requires crediting the editors who contributed to a page's content when moving content from one page to another. In this case, you appropriately mentioned the source article Quảng Bình District in your edit summary. However, in a case such as this where one page redirects to the other, it is preferable to move the page using the 'Move' function so the page history is transferred automatically. I hope that helps. Cheers, -- Black Falcon (talk) 18:44, 29 September 2019 (UTC)

Zangguy
I made the change you were talking about on Talk:Zangguy. Geographyinitiative (talk) 07:47, 17 January 2020 (UTC)
 * Thank you ;) --katpatuka (talk) 09:07, 17 January 2020 (UTC)
 * In the past two months, I have done some basic work on minor locations in the counties of Hotan Prefecture. I can't actually read Uyghur, so I would appreciate any review or check you would be willing to do of any of that material. Thanks for your time. Geographyinitiative (talk) 09:16, 17 January 2020 (UTC)
 * Unfortunately I can neither read/speak Chinese nor Uighur ;) ...although I'm editing quite a bit in zh.wiki - but just because I stumble on so many issues while editing on osm --katpatuka (talk) 09:25, 17 January 2020 (UTC)
 * Let me know if you ever need some help. I can read Mandarin Chinese and can probably help with Classical and other Chinese varieties. Geographyinitiative (talk) 02:25, 19 January 2020 (UTC)
 * Thanks - I'd rather need someone who can read Tibetan :) --katpatuka (talk) 07:00, 19 January 2020 (UTC)

link: Guangzong Temple
Hi. Thank you for your recent edits. An automated process has detected that when you recently edited Alxa League, you added a link pointing to the disambiguation page Guangzong Temple. Such links are usually incorrect, since a disambiguation page is merely a list of unrelated topics with similar titles. (Read the FAQ* Join us at the DPL WikiProject.)
 * Thanks for notification - I've corrected the link. --katpatuka (talk) 10:26, 27 November 2020 (UTC)

Speedy on Doruk, Mustafakemalpaşa
Hello Katpatuka -- Unfortunately I don't think there's any speedy category that encompasses this, even if it is wrong; you might try WP:Proposed deletion or obviously you could take it to WP:Articles for deletion. Regards, Espresso Addict (talk) 20:36, 28 October 2022 (UTC)
 * ok, thanks for the advice - I've added template:proposed deletion instead. --katpatuka (talk) 05:46, 29 October 2022 (UTC)

New message from Jo-Jo Eumerus
Jo-Jo Eumerus (talk) 13:52, 13 December 2023 (UTC)

title: User talk:Katpatuka


text:
Talk:Charles R. Jackson

Untitled
He received a "Gold Star"? That's a Soviet (now Russian) award ("Hero of the Soviet Union"). This seems unlikely, but if it is true, it should be elaborated upon. It is much more likely that he was the recipeient of Silver Star or Bronze Star (US decorations).

I think the author has confused two Charles Jacksons. The man who was a prisoner of war was born in Petersburg, Virginia in 1898 and died in 1970. His experiences are recounted in a book edited by Major Bruce H Norton, published by Random House in 2003.

The author of 'The Lost Weekend', about whom I am interested in learning more, was born in Summit, New Jersey, in 1903 and died in New York in 1968.

If any readers can supply a more detailed biography of the latter, that would be most welcome.

That is correct. There are two different Charles Jacksons. Error rectified. --Mantanmoreland 23:26, 28 January 2006 (UTC)

Move to Charles Jackson?
The biography by Blake Bailey asserts that he chose to be known as "Charles Jackson," and was unhappy when "Charles R. Jackson" was once used as a byline. Not sure why the article isn't simply "Charles Jackson." Move?KD Tries Again (talk) 14:38, 6 May 2013 (UTC)KD Tries Again

title: Talk:Charles R. Jackson


text:
User talk:Jimmyside

Welcome
Hello , and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, you can sign your name on Talk and vote pages using three tildes, like this: ~~~. Four tildes (~~~~) produces your name and the current date. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my talk page. Again, welcome! --Lord Voldemort (Dark Mark) 19:01, 30 August 2005 (UTC)
 * The Five Pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
 * Editing tutorial
 * Picture tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Naming conventions
 * Manual of Style

title: User talk:Jimmyside


text:
Talk:Urban Council

Thanks Jerry for the logo. But then as far as I remember the logo is in purple, and there's no background colour (i.e. transparent). Shall we modified from this image? — Instantnood 19:01, August 30, 2005 (UTC)
 * The colour scheme is the same. But the pink is white and the white is pink in some designs. I thought I've shown you the logo on the Net. ;-) -- Jerry Crimson Mann 19:05, 30 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Are you still keeping the old-style library card? :-D — Instantnood 19:30, August 30, 2005 (UTC)

A bit of further information: the logo of the UrbCo is incorporated in the design of the decorations of the Hong Kong Central Library. — Instantnood 19:02, August 30, 2005 (UTC)

Demise
Soon thereafter, all public litter bins (showing the Urban Council logo) were replaced, in a new livery, and the old bins stacked in a yard.

title: Talk:Urban Council


text:
Falko Götz

Falko Götz (born 26 March 1962) is a German football manager and former player. Since 2019, he works as a scout for Bayer Leverkusen.

Playing career
Götz began playing football for FC Vorwärts Berlin in 1969. When FC Vorwärts Berlin was relocated to Frankfurt an der Oder in 1971, he joined the youth department of BFC Dynamo two years later. However, Götz was not allowed to attend an elite Children and Youth Sports School (KJS), where talents of BFC Dynamo were normally enrolled. The problem for Götz was allegedly that he had family members in West Germany and thus West German affiliation. However, his talent could not be ignored. Götz rose through the youth academy of BFC Dynamo and eventually made his professional debut for the BFC Dynamo in the 1979-80 season at the age of 17. Götz would come to win several league titles in a row with BFC Dynamo.

The day before a European Cup match against Partizan Belgrade in 1983, he escaped and defected to West Germany along with teammate Dirk Schegel. BFC Dynamo refused to allow him to cancel his contract, and on this technicality he was banned from playing professional football by FIFA for one year, but was able to stay in the West Germany. Götz joined Bayer Leverkusen, where he stayed for five years and won the UEFA Cup in 1988. He scored in the second leg of the final against Espanyol, one of three goals needed to equal a 3–0 deficit. Bayer Leverkusen eventually went on to win the game on penalties. He soon moved on to 1. FC Köln and had spells with Galatasaray (1992–1994), 1. FC Saarbrücken (1994–1995) and Hertha BSC (1995–1997) before retiring as a football player. Götz then took up the role as manager of the reserve team of Hertha BSC, the Hertha BSC II.

Coaching career
Götz started his coaching career at Hertha BSC II. He was briefly Hertha's caretaker manager during 2002, and was re-appointed as full-time manager in 2004, having managed 1860 München the previous season. Götz was sacked by Hertha on 10 April 2007. On 15 December 2008, Holstein Kiel announced Götz as head coach of the club and would take over during the winter break. Götz was dismissed on 17 September 2009.

In 2011, Götz was appointed as head coach of Vietnam. After some positive games in national-level team, however their under-23 team disappointed, and he was fired on 23 December 2011, just six months after taking charge.

On 29 April 2013, he was appointed as coach of Erzgebirge Aue. He was sacked on 2 September 2014.

He was hired by FSV Frankfurt on 11 April 2016.

Honours
BFC Dynamo
 * DDR Oberliga: 1980–81, 1981–82, 1982–83

BFC Dynamo also won the DDR-Oberliga title in 1984, but Götz had defected half-way through the season.

Bayer Leverkusen
 * UEFA Cup: 1987–88

Galatasaray
 * Turkish Super League: 1992–93, 1993–94
 * Turkish Cup: 1992–93

title: Falko Götz


text:
Balanescu Quartet

Balanescu Quartet is an avant-garde string ensemble formed in 1987. Current members are Alexander Bălănescu (violin), Yuri Kalnits (violin), Úna Palliser (viola) and Nick Holland (cello).

Group history
The quartet has roots in collaborations with composers such as Michael Nyman and Gavin Bryars, through projects with Lounge Lizard John Lurie, Jack de Johnette, Ornette Coleman, David Byrne, the Pet Shop Boys, Spiritualized, Kate Bush and Kraftwerk. They have played in locations such as London's South Bank Centre and New York's Knitting Factory, and opened to 10000 Pet Shop Boys fans at Wembley Arena. Their recording of University Challenge's title music on BBC2 in the UK has been in use since 2000.

Their early albums were on Mute Records and Argo Records (UK).

Recordings

 * Possessed (1992)
 * Luminitza (1994)
 * Angels & Insects (1995) (soundtrack)
 * East Meets East (1997)
 * Maria T (2005)
 * This Is The Balanescu Quartet (2011)
 * Balanescu (2019)

 * Michael Nyman - String Quartets 1-3 - featuring the Balanescu Quartet (1991)
 * Balanescu Quartet Play Byrne/Moran/Lurie/Torke - featuring David Byrne, Robert Moran, John Lurie and Michael Torke (1992)
 * Geoff Smith - Gas • Food • Lodging - featuring the Balanescu Quartet (1993)
 * Kevin Volans - String Quartets Nos. 2 & 3 - performed by the Balanescu Quartet (1994)
 * Gavin Bryars - The Last Days - featuring the Balanescu Quartet (1995)
 * Spiritualized - Pure Phase (1995)
 * Rabih Abou-Khalil - Arabian Waltz - featuring the Balanescu String Quartet (2002)
 * Optimo - How To Kill The DJ (Part 2) - featuring music by the Balanescu Quartet (2004)
 * Michael Torke - Six - featuring the Balanescu Quartet (2005)
 * Stateless - Matilda featuring the Balanescu Quartet (2011)
 * Ada Milea & Alexander Balanescu - The Island - featuring the Balanescu Quartet (2011)
 * Teho Teardo - Diaz - featuring the Balanescu Quartet (2012) (soundtrack)

title: Balanescu Quartet


text:
Mission Bay, San Francisco

Mission Bay is a 303 acre neighborhood on the east side of San Francisco, California. It is bordered by China Basin to the north, Dogpatch to the south, and San Francisco Bay to the east. Originally an industrial district, it underwent development fueled by the construction of the UCSF Mission Bay campus, and is currently in the final stages of development and construction. It is the site of the Chase Center and Uber's headquarters.

Location
Mission Bay is bounded by Townsend Street on the north, Third Street and San Francisco Bay on the east, Mariposa Street on the south, and 7th Street and Interstate 280 on the west.

History
Before urbanization, the water body Mission Bay was nestled inside of a +500 acre salt marsh and lagoon, and was occupied by year-round tidal waters. This area was a natural habitat and refuge for large water fowl populations that included ducks, geese, herons, egrets, ospreys and gulls. The Native American tribes who resided in this area were the Costanoan people who spoke eight different languages which delineated between the various tribelets. The tribe most prevalent in the Bay area was the Patwin people who resided in the area for over 5,000 years.

Beginning in the mid-1800s, Mission Bay was used as a convenient place to deposit refuse from building projects. It was later used as a dumping ground for debris from the 1906 earthquake. As the marsh stabilized with the weight of the infill, the area quickly became an industrial district. By 1850, the area was used for shipbuilding and repair, butchery and meat production, and oyster and clam fishing. With the addition of the railroad, Mission Bay became the home to shipyards, canneries, a sugar refinery and various warehouses.

In 1998, the area was announced by the Board of Supervisors as a redevelopment project through the San Francisco Redevelopment Agency. Much of the land had long been a railyard of the Southern Pacific Railroad Company, and was transferred to Catellus Development Corporation when it was spun off as part of the aborted merger of Southern Pacific and the Santa Fe Railway. Catellus subsequently sold or sub-contracted several parcels to other developers. Another large parcel was the H&H Ship Service Facility of the Port of San Francisco, a toxic and hazardous materials site that had been ordered closed under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act. It has rapidly evolved into a wealthy neighborhood of luxury condominiums, hospitals, and biotechnology research and development. From 2010 to 2020, Mission Bay's population increased by over 200%.

Attractions and characteristics
Mission Bay was the original headquarters of the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine prior to the organization's move to Oakland. It is also the headquarters, at 550 Terry Francois Blvd, of the Old Navy brand of The Gap clothing retailer. It is the location of a new research campus of the University of California, San Francisco, UCSF Mission Bay
 * Mission Bay was to be the location of a 14-acre, two-million-square-foot Salesforce U.S. headquarters. Salesforce abandoned its construction plans for the area in 2012 and sold 12-acres to the NBA's Golden State Warriors in 2014. The site later became the Chase Center.
 * The northern terminus of the Third Street Light Rail Project of the San Francisco Municipal Railway.
 * The northern terminus of Caltrain.
 * An AT&T Fiber to the premises greenfield project.
 * The first new branch of the San Francisco Public Library in over 40 years, The Mission Bay Branch Library, opened on July 8, 2006. It is located on the ground floor of a new multi-use facility, which includes an adult day health center, affordable senior housing, retail space and a large community meeting room. The new library is approximately 7500 sqft, and is the 27th branch of the San Francisco Public Library.
 * 455 Mission Bay Boulevard South, originally planned to be the headquarters of Pfizer's Biotherapeutics and Bioinnovation Center (started construction August 5, 2008), occupied by Nektar Therapeutics in November 2010 as their corporate headquarters. The other half of the building is occupied by Bayer's U.S. Innovation Center.
 * Location of the San Francisco Public Safety Building at Third Street and Mission Rock. It includes a Police headquarters, Police Station and Mission Bay Fire Station. Funding for the building was passed with a 79.4 percent positive vote on Proposition B.
 * The home of Rock Health, a seed accelerator for digital health startups.
 * An estimated 56 biotech companies were clustered in Mission Bay in mid-2010.
 * The San Francisco Bay Trail.
 * The Blue Greenway waterfront trail.
 * Sinking sidewalk on the 1200 block of 4th street.

Mission Bay is served by the N Judah and T Third Street lines of San Francisco's Muni Metro. The N Judah links the neighborhood to Downtown, BART, Hayes Valley and the Sunset District, and the T Third Street links to downtown, BART, and the Bayview and Visitacion Valley neighborhoods. Several other Muni bus and trolley bus lines link the area to neighborhoods to the north, west and south. The Caltrain commuter rail system connects Mission Bay with San Jose and Gilroy. The Central Subway project linking Mission Bay to San Francisco Downtown and Chinatown opened in November 2022.

Although near to and often associated with Oracle Park, the ballpark is in the adjacent South Beach neighborhood. UCSF has built a new 289-bed hospital serving children, women, and cancer patients which opened in February 2015. Construction of the hospital began in October 2010.

Mission Bay has a large residential component with approximately 6,404 apartments and/or condos planned (1,806 of them to be designated affordable).

 * The Beacon is one of the largest condominium complexes in San Francisco and anchors much of the activity in North Mission Bay. With 595 condominium units, it sits on a full city block bounded by Townsend to the north, King to the south and 3rd and 4th Streets. The building's name refers to its being the first large scale mixed-use project planned for the new neighborhood, and thus "The Beacon" of the area's revival.  The California Institute for Regenerative Medicine also calls the Beacon home.
 * Madrone is a high-end residential condominium developed by Bosa Development Corporation. Overlooking San Francisco Bay, the building has two towers with 329 modern residences, many with bay, city and Bay Bridge views.  Sales and marketing firm The Mark Company achieved ongoing sales of 20 units per month in 2012 for Madrone, despite a still recovering economy.  The building went to market in 2011, and more than 200 residences were sold by August 2012, making it one of San Francisco's most successful projects in more than a decade.
 * Glassworks is a mixed-use building with approximately 40 modern condos of varying floor plans and sizes, located directly across Oracle Park at 3rd Street, between King and Berry Streets.
 * Signature Properties has built two mid-rise condos on Berry Street: 255 Berry Street and 235 Berry Street. 255 Berry Street was completed in 2004 and 235 Berry Street in 2007. Both buildings sit between Berry Street and Mission Creek and consist mainly or two-bedroom units of various sizes and floor plans. The first floors contain townhome style condos. Units facing south have views of the creek and South Mission Bay.
 * Arterra is San Francisco's first LEED-certified market-rate condominium building, located on Fifth Street, between Berry and King Streets (300 and 325 Berry Street). The project consists of three connected buildings, each in a different exterior color: "City" (nine stories), "Park" (six stories) and "Sky" (16 stories). There are a total of 268 condos in the complex.
 * Park Terrace (325 Berry Street) is similar in construction to both 255 Berry Street and 235 Berry Street in style and height (nine-story mid-rise). The building has 110 market rate homes.
 * Radiance at Mission Bay is in the south part of Mission Bay, adjacent to the Bay. It consists of 99 market rate condominiums.
 * Strata is a market rate apartment complex near the UCSF campus.
 * Arden is a market-rate residential condominium that was developed by Bosa Development Corporation.

Other notable buildings in Mission Bay include The Gladstone Institute and the Mission Bay medical offices of Kaiser Permanente.

Mission Bay Parks completed as of fall 2010 include: Mission Creek, MissionBay Commons lots on Mission Bay Boulevard between Radiance and the Nektar/Bayer buildings, the 5th street plaza, the sports courts, Koret Quad and China Basin Park. Future Mission Bay parks plans include Bay Front Park, a little league diamond and a junior soccer field.

Education
The University of California, San Francisco opened its Mission Bay campus in 2015.

Construction of the Mission Bay School, the neighborhood's first public school, is scheduled for completion in 2025.

title: Mission Bay, San Francisco


text:
Duke of Brissac

Duke of Brissac (duc de Brissac) is a title of French nobility in the Peerage of France, which was originally created in 1611 for Charles II de Cossé, Count of Brissac. This title has been held since April 2021 by Charles-André de Cossé (b. 1962), who is the 14th Duke of Brissac. The ancestral home of the ducal family is the Château de Brissac, which is still owned by the family.

Early history
The fief of Brissac in Anjou had been acquired at the end of the 15th century by a French family named Cossé from the same province. René de Cossé (1460-1540) married into the Gouffier family, which was at that time very powerful at court. He was awarded the title of premier panetier to King Louis XII of France.

Two sons of René de Cossé were prominent French military commanders and became Marshals of France. The fief of Brissac was assigned the status of a County in 1560 and allotted to René's elder son, Charles de Cossé, Count of Brissac, who was grand master of artillery and governor of Piedmont and Picardy. It was he who introduced the Italian violin to the French court. The second son of René was Artus de Cossé (1512-1582), who held the offices of Grand Panetier of France and superintendent of finance, and he distinguished himself in the French Wars of Religion.

The younger son of Charles de Cossé, Count of Brissac, was Charles II de Cossé. He fought for the Catholic League and, as military governor of Paris, opened the gates of that city to Henry IV of France, who appointed him Marshal of France in 1594. The County of Brissac was raised in status to a Duchy in the Peerage of France in 1611. At that point, Charles II de Cossé became the first Duke of Brissac.

Subsequent history
Notable Dukes of Brissac include Jean Paul Timoléon de Cossé-Brissac, who was the seventh Duke of Brissac and a Grand Panetier of France. He was a French general during the reign of King Louis XV and was noteworthy for leading the French vanguard at the Battle of Minden, after which he became a Marshal of France.

The seventh Duke of Brissac was eventually succeeded by his second son, Louis Hercule Timoléon de Cossé-Brissac. Noted for his devotion to Louis XVI, Brissac served as the commander of the briefly established Constitutional Guard of the King. On 9 September 1792, he was killed during the September Massacres at Versailles. His body was butchered and his head severed. The head was wrapped in a cloth and carried by a peasant mob to the Château de Louveciennes where it was thrown through an open window, landing in the salon of his lover, Madame du Barry.

After the death of Louis-Hercule in 1792 without a living male-line descendant, the ducal title passed to Timoléon de Cossé-Brissac (1775–1848). He was the eldest son of Hyacinthe-Hugues de Cossé-Brissac, Duke of Cossé (1746–1813), whose father was René-Hugues de Cossé-Brissac, Count of Cossé (1702–1754). René-Hugues was the third son of Artus de Cossé-Brissac, 5th Duke of Brissac (1668–1709), the father of the 6th and 7th Dukes of Brissac. After Timoléon de Cossé-Brissac died in 1848, the ducal title was held by his successive descendants in the male line, including François, 11th Duke of Brissac, Pierre, 12th Duke of Brissac, and François, 13th Duke of Brissac.

The current holder of the ducal title is Charles-André de Cossé-Brissac, 14th Duke of Brissac. The heir apparent to this title is his eldest son, Laszlo de Cossé-Brissac, Marquis of Brissac.

First creation

 * 1) 1611-1621 Charles de Cossé, 1st Duke of Brissac.
 * 2) 1621-1651 François de Cossé, 2nd Duke of Brissac (son of the above)
 * 3) 1651-1661 Louis de Cossé, 3rd Duke of Brissac (son of the above)
 * 4) 1661-1698 Henri Albert de Cossé, 4th Duke of Brissac (son of the above)
 * 5) 1698-1702 Artus Timoléon Louis de Cossé 5th Duke of Brissac (cousin of the above)
 * 6) 1702-1732 Charles Timoléon Louis de Cossé, 6th Duke of Brissac (son of the above)
 * 7) 1732-1756 Jean Paul Timoléon de Cossé 7th Duke of Brissac (brother of the above)
 * 8) 1756-1759 Louis Joseph Timoléon de Cossé, 8th Duke of Brissac (called the Duke of Cossé), (son of the above)
 * 9) 1759-1792 Louis Hercule Timoléon de Cossé, 8th Duke of Brissac (son of the above)

Second creation
During the First Restoration, in an application ratified on 4 June 1814, Louis XVIII revived the peerage before it was restored as a hereditary peerage in 1817.

 * 1) 1814-1848 Timoléon de Cossé, 9th Duke of Brissac (cousin of the above)
 * 2) 1848-1883 Marie Arthur Timoléon de Cossé, 10th Duke of Brissac (son of the above)
 * 3) 1883-1944 François de Cossé, 11th Duke of Brissac (grandson of the above)
 * 4) 1944-1993 Pierre de Cossé, 12th Duke of Brissac (son of the above)
 * 5) 1993-2021 François de Cossé, 13th Duke of Brissac (son of the above)
 * 6) Since 2021 Charles-André de Cossé, 14th Duke of Brissac (son of the above)

title: Duke of Brissac


text: User talk:69.112.43.41

title: User talk:69.112.43.41


text:
Talk:Alec Peterson

"obliged" vs "obligated"
To me (an American), "obliged" means that I am in debt to someone. "Obligated" means that I'm required to do something, but it is not a term commonly used as a verb -- "required" is more common. I wonder if it means something different to a speaker of British English?

Since the edit history has bounced back and forth a few times already between "obliged" and "obligated", I'm going to make a change to "required" and hope that if someone else changes, they will make the reasons for their change plain here on the talk page. It seems like a very silly thing to escalate into an edit war, so I'm calling for civility. Mamawrites 19:04, 30 August 2005 (UTC)

Further Information
This page on google books (account required) seems to be about the same person, and says he was Director-General of the Information Services and headmaster of Adams' Grammar School - neither of these feature in the article at the moment. I wondered if someone who knew more about the person in question might like to add to the article. – drw25 (talk) 03:14, 8 March 2006 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Alec Peterson


text:
Talk:Moel Siabod

Shapely Hill ?
What does Moel Siabod mean ? In particular, the Siabod part. Most of the guide books I've seen have it as Bare hill of the Abbot, but I have seen Shapely (bare) hill as well. Can anyone throw some more light on this ?

It means Barren Hill.

 * I'll ask some people next time I'm there. If it helps to find a translation, I have a feeling that the i is sometimes spelt with a ^

 * Moel implies both barrenness and hillness (Mynydd means hill, Moel means a hill with no trees on) so possible Siabod means abbot although the welsh speakers I've asked didn't know what it means. --Kick the cat 22:30, 24 August 2007 (UTC)

Major additions
Hi, I just added a load of stuff but forgot to sign in. Any comments, please leave on my page. Cheers. --Kick the cat 14:00, 19 January 2006 (UTC)yeah this is rubbish information your telling us what we already know!!!

Image of Snowdon
Isn't it a bit confusing having the image of Snowdon on the page about Moel Siabod? I realise why it's there - because it has pont-y-bala on it - but still... --Kick the cat 17:47, 24 December 2006 (UTC)

 * Just removed the offending image as it's now showing up on google earth as a pic of moel siabod when it's not. Tres confusing... --Kick the cat 22:28, 24 August 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:Moel Siabod


text:
Brissac

Brissac (Languedocien: Briçac) is a commune in the Hérault department in southern France.

Sights

 * Castle (11th century), rebuilt in the early 16th century.
 * Parish church of Saint-Nazaire et Saint-Celse (12th century)
 * Church of Notre-Dame du Suc
 * Chapel of Saint-Etienne d'Issensac. Nearby is the medieval Bridge of Saint-Étienne d'Issensac (14th century).

title: Brissac


text:
User:Modify

I am a WP:GNOME.

title: User:Modify


text:
User talk:Jenda

Welcome
Hello , and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, you can sign your name on Talk and vote pages using three tildes, like this: ~~~. Four tildes (~~~~) produces your name and the current date. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my talk page. Again, welcome! --Lord Voldemort (Dark Mark) 19:05, 30 August 2005 (UTC)
 * The Five Pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
 * Editing tutorial
 * Picture tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Naming conventions
 * Manual of Style

 * Well, to be honest, it is a generic welcome, but I do actually have to go around and physically put it on your talk page. Sorry if it seems cold and unfriendly. I am working on a new, less-stiff-and-boring one. Thanks for the question. We are always here to help. --Lord Voldemort (Dark Mark) 19:24, 30 August 2005 (UTC)

Balabusta
Hi Jenda: Nice start with the Balabusta article. I added a few links to it. Thanks, IZAK (talk) 06:41, 23 January 2008 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of Gnathostoma (disambiguation)

The article Gnathostoma (disambiguation) has been proposed for deletion because of the following concern: "Disambiguation not required (WP:ONEOTHER). The primary topic has a hatnote to the other use."

While all constructive contributions to Wikipedia are appreciated, pages may be deleted for any of several reasons.

You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the notice, but please explain why in your edit summary or on the article's talk page.

Please consider improving the page to address the issues raised. Removing will stop the proposed deletion process, but other deletion processes exist. In particular, the speedy deletion process can result in deletion without discussion, and articles for deletion allows discussion to reach consensus for deletion. Shhhnotsoloud (talk) 09:11, 24 August 2020 (UTC)

title: User talk:Jenda


text:
User talk:Harry newton

Welcome
Hello , and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, you can sign your name on Talk and vote pages using three tildes, like this: ~~~. Four tildes (~~~~) produces your name and the current date. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my talk page. Again, welcome! --Lord Voldemort (Dark Mark) 19:05, 30 August 2005 (UTC)
 * The Five Pillars of Wikipedia
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 * Picture tutorial
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 * Manual of Style

title: User talk:Harry newton


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/European Union member states at the 2004 Summer Olympics

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was No Consensus, article kept. N (t/c) 16:12, 5 September 2005 (UTC)

European Union member states at the 2004 Summer Olympics
I have already added "member states" to the title. The EU did not compete at the 2004 Summer Olympics, and this is only such article for an entity which did not compete. The only reason to create this was to support the idea that it should do so, which is a propaganda aim which cannot be made neutral through the phrasing of the article. For non-propaganda purposes this article is of no more relevance than Countries beginning with the letter G at the 2004 Summer Olympics, and much less relevance than Europe at the 2004 Summer Olympics or Africa at the 2004 Summer Olympics. Before voting, please consider whether you would support such articles for NAFTA, ASEAN, or such entities in your part of the world. Delete Osomec 19:05, 30 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Wikipedia is not a fantasy league. And Canada would sweep the Commonwealth Winter Games if there were such an event, but there isn't. Ground Zero | t 19:30, 30 August 2005 (UTC)
 * perhaps there should be a Commonwealth Winter Games - but that is a separate debate! Rhyddfrydol 22:32, 31 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. The simple listing of member states is not particularly useful and redundant with (presumably) many other articles. The interpretation required to reach the first bullet point of conclusions is fairly minimal, but relies on assumptions like each athlete still training in the same way, still being funded etc etc. The second bullet is pure speculation. Thus, all the non-repetitive material in the article is original research, and should go per WP:NOR. -Splash 22:05, 30 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Strong Keep - For no more reason than I think it's quite interesting. Comparing it to a fictional article entitled Countries beginning with the letter G at the 2004 Summer Olympics is silly, IMO. if the Countries beginning with the letter G had a parliament and were politically related, I could see your point. Particularly if the head of the CBWTLG alliance made comments to do with a united team. I also don't believe the page supports the EU should enter a single team - I don't believe they should. And I, personally, would support a similar page to do with Africa at the Olympics. 2004 Summer Olympics medals count by International Organization states that as a united force the African Union won 8 medals, and I believe an article about the African nations at the Olympics could expand that information. Halo 22:48, 30 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment: It's also worth noting that this is the 3rd VFD for this very page, previous discussions are at Votes_for_deletion/European_Union_Olympic_medals_count_for_2004 and Votes_for_deletion/European_Union_at_the_2004_Summer_Olympics when keep was decided one time, and the proper process wasn't followed the other. The nominator failed to add the VFD notice correctly (bottom of page instead of the top) which has now been corrected by myself Halo 22:53, 30 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Keep this interesting material, no reason to delete. Possibly rename or reorganize if a better title is suggested. Christopher Parham (talk) 04:46, 2005 August 31 (UTC)
 * Keep. Why this witch hunting? --Pgreenfinch 07:18, 31 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Strong delete, No original research. It may well be interesting, but it's someone's original work and speculation, and is very much opposed by Wikipedia policy. Proto t c 09:11, 31 August 2005 (UTC)
 * ??? Sorry, what original research and speculation? The figures are real and publicly available. --Pgreenfinch 14:12, 31 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Like I said above it relys on assumptions for a start, so doesn't have such a strong basis in fact as it might appear. The second bullet point is entirely speculative — there's no evidenciary justification, other than intuition, for its contents. We are presented with someone's reasoning, and that doesn't clear the factual threshold, or the WP:NOR threshold. -Splash 14:33, 31 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete. EU has nothing to do with the Olympics. No need to have articles on this sampling. Sjakkalle (Check!)  13:00, 31 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. The article at 2004 Summer Olympics medals count by International Organization should be sufficient for this topic. —  Eoghanacht  talk 14:19, 2005 August 31 (UTC)
 * Keep, this page is not speculation, but covers an actual news item. Martg76 15:47, 31 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Which news item is that? We already have 2004 Summer Olympics medals count by International Organization remember. -Splash 16:09, 31 August 2005 (UTC)
 * So you find it consistent with that article. So why deleting an article that gives details ? Useful info, no? Really,I don't understand your point and would like to know what are the *real* motives for deletion, behind the rationalizations. --Pgreenfinch 06:56, 1 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge. I'm not sure with what, but it seems like people really are interested in odd groupings of countries at Olympic games, like by continent, or language group, so I don't object to the list, but it definitely does not merit it's own article. Peter Grey 16:20, 31 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Perhaps there should be a general listing of all the countries which took part in Athens. However those which are member states of the EU is an irrelevance - technically all nations are equal at the Olympic Games.  Rhyddfrydol 22:35, 31 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Question - were any EU member nations not represented at the 2004 Summer Olympics - if all the EU member states were at Athens - why not simply have a list of all EU members on an EU page. Therefore as per my previous entry delete Rhyddfrydol 22:39, 31 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Er... isn't that what this is, fundamentally? Rich Farmbrough 16:49, 3 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, OR. Zoe 06:36, September 1, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. The existence of this article is inherently POV as per nominator; 2004 Summer Olympics medals count by International Organization covers the factual content already.  The number of medals actually won by the EU member nations is not original research, but presenting that information as though it meant "EU citizens are the world's greatest athletes" is POV.  --Metropolitan90 07:20, September 3, 2005 (UTC)
 * On the contrary, suppressing an article that gives the pros and cons of that statement, made officially btw, would be POV and anti-encyclopedic. --Pgreenfinch 12:34, 3 September 2005 (UTC)

 * ' Merge' with Sports in the European Union, the EU is often used when comparisons are being made between the members, and I think the information is quite interesting, the data is readily available and not original research, Prodi has himself commented on it, I do not think it's pushing a POV that either the EU is one unified country or that it was represented at the 2004 olympics, nor do I think that it's pushing a POV that the EU has the greatest atheletes. -- Joolz 14:19, 3 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Changed to keep. -- Joolz 00:33, 4 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Nothing wrong with this, and the article doesn't give the misleading impression that there is an EU team of some kind. It's a valid topic, and looking through the article I don't see any POV problems. — Trilobite 14:45, 3 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Rename and develop. The proposal by Romano Prodi was real. The controversy in (mainly UK) papers at the time was real. The medal counts are real. This subject deserves an article - but perhaps with a different title. How about something like "EU and the Olympics" or "Proposals for an EU Olympics team". This could then give the medal results of EU member states at past games, along with a treatment of arguments against the proposals. Seabhcán 15:05, 3 September 2005 (UTC) PS. The Spanish and French Wikipedias have similar articles. PPS. The IOC "does not officially recognize national medal totals" - so ANY medal total information are technically invalid - or put another way - this page is as valid as any other.
 * What he said (keep). — Ливай | Ⓣ 16:13, 3 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. We have already discussed this and there are no new reasons to overrule the previous decision. Ejrrjs | What? 16:12, 3 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Pointless. Neutralitytalk 16:43, September 3, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep Do we have a table of total historical medals by country? Rich Farmbrough 16:49, 3 September 2005 (UTC)
 * By the way according to policy "Secondary sources present a generalization, analysis, synthesis, interpretation, or evaluation of information or data. " From this POV it's not OR. Rich Farmbrough 00:12, 4 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, again. ElBenevolente 17:03, 3 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep The political background to the issue (Romano Prodi's comments) clinch this one for me, I don't see why it should be deleted, and don't believe it to be POV. If it is decided that it doesn't merit its own page, I think the information should be merged with 2004 Summer Olympics medals count by International Organization. David 5000 17:05, 3 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Weak keep -- Earl Andrew - talk 18:44, 3 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, again. Agree with points made by Trilobite and others. Warofdreams 18:56, 3 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, the articles is not pointless, is reasonably balanced and has an in-depth discussion. It has already survived a previous VfD. Alfio 21:36, 3 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. The information provided justifies the need to have its own article. However, I don't think other int. organisations should have this kind of article. *drew 23:43, 3 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep again, the third time is it now? I think that the Romano Prodi's comments made this article to be started, an event in international news in 2004. —kooo 23:57, September 3, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Articles which have already been submitted to VfD and determined to be kept should not be resubmitted. VfD is already numerously abused without this kind of nonsense occuring. --Oldak Quill 12:06, 4 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. That it survived VfD, and this is AfD, doesn't mean that it can be re-nominated. :-) James F. (talk) 22:32, 4 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Not relevant. EU doesn't compete as a single entity. Sounds like POV EU propaganda to me. Mariano (t/c) 07:34, 5 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Does no harm. Dmn  € Դմն 14:00, 5 September 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Talk:The Times-Picayune/The New Orleans Advocate

Hurricane Katrina's effect on the T-P
Did the Times-Picayne halt printing due to the onset of Hurricane Katrina? Curiosity is getting the better of me. --DXI 19:06, 30 August 2005 (UTC)

Rival
The article states, "It became The Times-Picayune after merging with its rival paper in 1914." What was the rival's name: simply The Times, or The New Orleans Times? – Minh Nguyễn (talk, contribs) 01:28, 29 September 2006 (UTC)

Masthead
Great image to use, headline wise. What are the two flags on the right-hand side of the masthead in the image? — OwenBlacker 10:48, 2 February 2007 (UTC)
 * They look like hurricane warning flags, but I'm no sailor. W i k i W i s t a h W a s s a p 18:18, 24 March 2007 (UTC)

Spanish Coinage Myth?
You know, it's sort of an article of faith around here to say that the name of the paper originated with the Spanish coin. But, if the paper began in 1837, wouldn't the price of a paper that long after the Louisiana Purchase be in US coinage? I mean, there was a branch of the U.S. Mint in New Orleans from 1835 and dimes and half-dimes were being minted there in 1838! So in a major city, in a state of the United States of America, which by 1837 had been a state for 25 years, I had to find a teeny Spanish coin to buy the newspaper? We couldn't be THAT far removed from full citizenship in this nation, could we? Oh, wait. Maybe we still are? I'm going to ask for a citation for this article of faith. --Economy1 (talk) 16:37, 18 March 2008 (UTC)
 * The picayune thing is, in fact, sort of "official myth" at the paper. Spanish dollars did continue in use in the southwest up into the 1840s, though, their value in a transaction being reckoned at such-and-such a percentage of a U.S. gold dollar (or the other way round, probably). But that was mostly out in the boonies, on the New Mexico cattle trails and such, where people would accept practically any coinage or tender with inherent value. Minor coinage in a major city like N.O. presumably had gone American long before 1837. However, at that time, "picayune" was already Creole slang for "ridiculously small or inexpensive," so the best guess that I've heard is that the paper was simply marketing itself as cheap. --Michael K. Smith (talk) 01:13, 5 August 2009 (UTC)

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Editorial stance

 * The last sentence in the first paragraph of the "Editorial stance" and the entire second paragraph is unsourced. A lack of ability to verify content could result in a reassessment. If there was but one issue it might not be serious but there are others.
 * The last single sentence paragraph in the "Journalism prizes and awards" subsection is unsourced.
 * The first paragraph in the "Ongoing criticism of FEMA" subsection is unsourced. --  Otr500 (talk) 20:07, 20 November 2023 (UTC)


text: User talk:82.201.171.166

title: User talk:82.201.171.166


text:
Moonrise (Wolfson book)

Moonrise (full title: Moonrise; One Family, Genetic Identity, And Muscular Dystrophy) is a 2003 book written by Penny Wolfson. The full name refers to her family and her son, Ansel, who struggled throughout life with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. The book was based on an article the author wrote for The Atlantic in 2001, which received a national magazine award.

Plot
As Ansel progresses in life, he gets weaker, and begins to use a wheelchair, but stays much fitter than most with Duchenne. He later goes to Columbia University. After 23 years of living with this disability, Ansel died at age 38 from congestive heart failure, 20 years longer than predicted at the time of his diagnosis.

title: Moonrise (Wolfson book)


text:
Lamborghini Espada

The Lamborghini Espada is a 4-seat grand touring coupé built by Italian car manufacturer Lamborghini between 1968 and 1978.

History
The car was designed by Marcello Gandini at Bertone. Gandini drew inspiration and cues from two of his Bertone show cars from 1967, the Lamborghini Marzal and the Bertone Pirana.

The Espada was a four-seater GT and was initially sold alongside the Islero and the mid-engine Miura. The Espada and the Islero both replaced the 400 GT 2+2 and had similar mechanical underpinnings, with the Espada a more visually daring alternative to the relatively conservative and discrete Islero.

The Spanish name "Espada" means "sword", referring to the sword that the torero uses to kill the bull.

During its ten years in production the car underwent some changes, and three different series were produced. These were the S1 (1968–1970), the S2 (1970–1972) and the S3 (1972–1978). Each model featured interior redesigns, minor mechanical improvements and minor exterior changes. 1,217 Espadas were made, making it the most numerous and longest-running Lamborghini model until the expansion of Countach production in the mid-1980s.

Series I
The Espada was launched at the 1968 Geneva Motor Show, alongside the Islero. The Espada was equipped with a 3929 cc Lamborghini V12 engine derived from that used in the 400 GT 2+2, rated at 325 hp in the series I cars. The design of the series I dashboard was inspired by the Marzal concept car, and featured octagonal housings for the main instruments, topped by an additional binnacle for the secondary gauges. The alloy wheels were made by Campagnolo on knock-off hubs, of the same design seen on the Miura. The tail lights were the same units mounted on the first series Fiat 124 Sport Coupé. 186 were made before January 1970.

Series II
At the 1970 Brussels Motor Show Lamborghini unveiled the Espada S2. Outside the only change was the deletion of the grille covering the vertical glass tail panel. Inside changes were more radical: all-new dashboard, centre console and steering wheel were installed. The instrument binnacle was of a more conventional rectangular shape, with round gauges. A wood-trimmed fascia extended along the entire width of the dashboard. The center armrest was also revised and ventilation for rear seat passengers was improved. Power output increased to 350 hp due to a higher 10.7:1 compression ratio. The brakes were upgraded to vented Girling discs instead of solid discs. CV joints were now used on the rear half-shafts. As on the series I, 205VR15 Pirelli Cinturato CN72 tyres were fitted, suiting the cars handling until power steering was offered as an option. 575 Series II Espadas were made, making it the mass produced variant.

Series III
The Espada S3 was launched in 1972. With this revision, the interior now incorporated a redesigned aluminum-trimmed instrument panel that kept all instruments and most controls (including the radio) within easy reach of the driver. Several exterior changes were also made. Newly designed wheels on five-stud hubs replaced the earlier knock-off wheels. These wheels were also used on some late S2 Espadas. They were fitted with wider Pirelli Cinturato 215/70WR15 CN12 tyres. The front grille now had a square instead of hexagonal mesh. New tail lights were used, sourced from the Alfa Romeo 1750 Berlina. A sunroof was now available as an option.

The 350 hp engine was carried over from the S2. Power steering by ZF and air conditioning were now standard. Spring and shock absorber tuning was altered slightly. In 1974, a Chrysler Torqueflite 3 speed automatic transmission became available as an option.

From 1975, large impact bumpers had to be installed to meet United States safety requirements. US emissions requirements also led to the factory adding a secondary air injection pump and special tuning of carburetors and the ignition system. Some people consider these later US-spec cars as a separate fourth series, but Lamborghini did not officially change the model designation.

Specifications
The Espada used a semi-monocoque unibody, constructed of pressed sheet steel and square section steel tubing. The hood was constructed of aluminum. This chassis was a new design manufactured by Marchesi of Modena, the firm that also constructed Miura and Islero chassis. Bare chassis were shipped from Marchesi to Bertone, where bodywork, paint and trim were added prior to final assembly at the Lamborghini factory. The steel chassis and bodywork suffered from rust issues, with journalist Denis Jenkinson observing visible rust on a car with 10,000 miles during a 1972 road test.

Suspension was based on the earlier 400 GT 2+2 design. It was fully independent, with unequal length double wishbones, coil springs, hydraulic shock absorbers and anti-roll bars. Four wheel disc brakes were manufactured by Girling. All calipers had three pistons, with larger calipers used in the front. Solid discs were used at first, with vented discs added for the Series II Espada. The steering box was a worm-and-peg type manufactured by ZF and mounted at the top front of the chassis, with a very long steering column. Power steering would be offered on the Series III Espadas. Series I and II Espadas were originally fitted with Pirelli Cinturato 205VR15 tyres (CN72), while Series II cars used 215/70VR15 Cinturato CN12 tyres.

Twin fuel tanks held 93 L of gasoline. Two fuel fillers were hidden behind black cosmetic grilles in both C-pillars.

The 3929 cc Lamborghini V12 engine was virtually unchanged from the engine used in the 400 GT 2+2. This engine, based on Giotto Bizzarrini's original design for Lamborghini, had an aluminum alloy crankcase with cast-iron cylinder liners, aluminum pistons, 24 valves (two per cylinder) and two chain-driven overhead camshafts per bank. Cylinder bore was 82 mm and stroke was 62 mm. Compression ratio on series I engines was 9.5:1, which increased to 10.7:1 in the series II/II engines. Six Weber 40DCOE side-draft carburetors were equipped, along with a single distributor for ignition. Wet sump lubrication was used, with an oil capacity of 14 L. The weight of the engine alone was 232 kg, or 293 kg including the transmission. Power output of series I cars was stated as 325 hp at 7,200 rpm, while Series II/III cars produced a stated 350 hp at 7,500 rpm.

The Espada's transmission was mounted longitudinally, inline with the engine. Most Espadas were equipped with a Lamborghini-designed 5-speed manual transmission with hydraulically operated clutch. The internal components of this transmission were identical to those used in the Miura and Islero, with the transmission casing also shared with the Islero but differing from the Miura, due to that model's transverse mid-engine layout.

From 1974, the Series III Espada could be ordered with a Chrysler Torqueflite 3 speed automatic transmission. This was an unpopular option, as acceleration and top speed were reduced. 55 Espadas were built with this transmission.

Prototype
Following the 1967 debut of the Marzal, a prototype of what would become the Espada was constructed by Bertone and the Lamborghini factory. The wooden body buck made for the Jaguar Pirana concept car was used in the construction of this prototype. The design was visually in-between the Lamborghini Marzal, Pirana and the production series I Espada. It had the very low nose and gullwing doors of the Marzal, but a front end treatment much closer to the production Espada. An unusual configuration of multiple large side windows was designed, possibly to improve rear 3/4 vision. The engine, transmission and rear differential were all 400 GT units. This car was completed and driven by Lamborghini test drivers, but was subsequently stored uncovered in a field behind the Lamborghini factory. It is now in the collection of the Museo Ferruccio Lamborghini.

Lancomatic suspension prototype
One Espada was fitted with a prototype hydropneumatic self-levelling rear suspension called "Lancomatic". This car was shown at the 1968 Turin Auto Show, but remained a one-off experiment and did not enter production. The suspension system was developed in collaboration with Langen, a German company owned by the suspension component manufacturer Ehrenreich. This system was possibly developed in order to compete with the Ferrari 365 GT 2+2, which was also equipped with self-leveling rear suspension. According to Lamborghini test driver Bob Wallace, the Lancomatic suspension was promising but very costly and had significant technical issues, including seal failure due to heat and friction and harsh ride quality.

Lamborghini Faena

The Lamborghini Faena is a one-off 4-door saloon based on a Series II Espada and built by coachbuilder Pietro Frua. It debuted at the 1978 Turin Motor Show, and was later shown at the 1980 Geneva Motor Show. The Faena was built on the chassis of a 1974 Espada Series II (number 8224). Following this conversion, the chassis was renumbered to 18224. The Faena was constructed over a period of eight months. The chassis was reinforced and the wheelbase extended by 18 cm to accommodate rear doors. As a result, it was significantly heavier than an Espada, weighing almost 2000 kg. The interior was luxuriously finished in white leather and the new bodywork incorporated taillights from a Citroen SM. After being exhibited at the 1980 Geneva Motor Show, the Faena was sold by Lamborghini dealer Lambo-Motor AG in Basel. It is currently owned by a Swiss collector.

The name Faena (literally, "job" or "chore") refers to the final stage of a Spanish-style bullfight.

Revival attempts
In 1999, a new version of the Espada was rumored to be in the works, but it was right at the time Lamborghini wanted to concentrate on a Diablo successor, so little became of the idea aside from a few drawings.

In 2006, Edmunds.com reported that Lamborghini intended to revive the Espada in 2009. Lamborghini presented the 4-seat Estoque concept car at the 2008 Paris Motor Show, however no production model has been forthcoming.

title: Lamborghini Espada