text:
Árpád von Nahodyl

Árpád von Nahodyl (born 8 February 1958) is a German writer, neopagan activist and local politician. His books on pagan subjects, esotericism, divination and mythology are published under the pseudonym Géza von Neményi. Active in Germany's neopagan scene since the early 1980s, he founded the Heidnische Gemeinschaft which attracted media attention and controversy in that decade. After leaving the organization, he founded the Germanische Glaubens-Gemeinschaft in 1991, of which he is the spiritual leader and self-titled Allsherjagode.

Nahodyl promotes a form of Germanic neopaganism that involves influences from Theosophy and New Age. He has been a controversial figure among German neopagans due to purported proximity to the far right—which he denies—and for declaring himself the leader of all contemporary pagans in the country. He has been involved in local politics for A90/The Greens, the Social Democratic Party and most recently Alternative for Germany.

Early life
Árpád von Nahodyl was born in Cologne, West Germany. He grew up in West Berlin. He has a degree in visual communication from the Berlin University of the Arts.

Pagan revivalism
In 1982, Nahodyl advertised for people interested in studying mythology and performing pagan rites. A small neopagan group was formed. Due to the isolation of West Berlin, the group came to study local history and tried to localize historical cult sites in the city. The group had a romantic conception of paganism, characterized it as a nature religion and treated witchcraft as a synonym for folk religion. The group was eventually formalized as the Heidnische Gemeinschaft (Pagan Community).

In the mid-1980s, Nahodyl's group came to the attention of journalists, who called it a cult and associated it with the 1978 Jonestown mass murder. City officials, church officials and newspapers such as Bild-Zeitung (24 February 1984) and Der Spiegel (7 January 1985) alleged that the group was based on Nazi ideology, due to its Germanic imagery and interest in German history. The group was not political, although some members did maintain far-right contacts. Nahodyl, under his pseudonym Géza von Neményi, began to appear in public at events to give his view of the group. Journalists, politicians and other neopagans associated Neményi with Ariosophy and blood and soil ideology, so the group remained controversial in the German mainstream.

Having left the Heidnische Gemeinschaft, Neményi founded the organization Germanische Glaubens-Gemeinschaft (GGG) in 1991. The GGG took its name from Germany's first Germanic neopagan organization, which had been founded by Ludwig Fahrenkrog before World War I and became defunct in 1964. The practices of Neményi's GGG have included recitations of hymns from the Rigveda and belief in reincarnation. The organization has been influenced by Theosophy and New Age, from which it absorbed concepts from modern Gnosticism and neoshamanism.

In 2003, Neményi became the centre of a controversy when he launched himself as the highest authority for all "traditional pagans" in Germany. He gave himself the title Allsherjargode, derived from the medieval Icelandic title allsherjargoði. Neményi argued that this institution would solve the problems caused by the failures to establish an umbrella organization for German pagans. The move was met with fierce resistance within the German neopagan scene.

Among the books written under the name Géza von Neményi are ''Heidnische Naturreligion. Altüberlieferte Glaubensvorstellungen, Riten und Bräuche (1988, lit. 'Pagan nature religion. Old traditional beliefs, rites and customs'), Heidentum und NS-Ideologie (1997, lit. 'Paganism and NS ideology') and Heilige Runen. Zauberzeichen des Nordens'' (2004, lit. 'Sacred runes. Magic signs of the North').

Political activity
In the 1980s, Nahodyl was a board member for the Berlin section of the Green Party. In 1985, he and his brother came under investigation during a purge of party members with far-right sympathies. Both brothers denied having any such sympathies, but were still expelled from the party. After this Nahodyl was active in the Social Democratic Party for a period. In 2014, he was a candidate for Alternative for Germany in the local elections in Bad Belzig.

title: Árpád von Nahodyl


text: User talk:69.175.69.135

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User talk:69.175.69.135


text:
Talk:Herbert Jasper

Professional life
Is it indeed true that Jasper was a practising neurologist? If he earned only a PhD and DSc, I wonder how he may have been a neurologist, which requires a degree in medicine and advanced clinical training?

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title: Talk:Herbert Jasper


text:
Status in Roman legal system

In Roman law, status describes a person's legal status. The individual could be a Roman citizen (status civitatis), unlike foreigners; or he could be free (status libertatis), unlike slaves; or he could have a certain position in a Roman family (status familiae) either as head of the family (pater familias), or as a lower member (filii familias).

Status civitatis
In the Roman state, according to Roman civil law (ius civile), only Roman citizens had the full civil and political rights. In regard to status civitatis, in the Roman state, there were cives, Latini and peregrini, and foreigners. Outside the Roman state, there were externi, barbari and hostes.

Status familiae
Status familiae is the legal status of an individual in the family. The pater familias had the authority in the family (patria potestas), and everyone was subjected to him based on adgnatio (kinship only from father's side). This had an impact in private law. There is a distinction between alieni iuris (persons under patria potestas) and sui iuris (persons autonomous of patria potestas, who could only be the pater familias himself). Filius familias had ius suffragii and ius honorum, but in the area of private law he was restricted because of patria potestas.

Status libertatis
The social and legal status of slaves in the Roman state was different in different epochs. In the time of old civil law (ius civile Quiritium) slavery had a patriarchal shape (a slave did the same job and lived under the same conditions as his master and family). After Rome's victorious wars, from the 3rd century BC, huge numbers of slaves came to Rome, and that resulted in slave trade and increased exploitation of slaves. From that time on, a slave became only a thing (res)- servi pro nullis habentur.

Legal status
The legal state of slaves was based on the fact that the slave was not a subject but an object of law. A master had the right of ownership over the slave. He could sell him, give him in pawn but certainly could not harm or kill him. If someone injured his slave, a master could initiate legal proceedings and demand protection. The ownership over the slave was called dominica potestas, and not dominium like the ownership of objects and animals.

In the Roman legal system, a slave did not have a family. His sexual relationships with other slaves was not marriage (matrimonium), but a cohabitation without legal consequences (contubernium).

Masters could also give over a certain amount of property (such as land, buildings), known as peculium, to a slave for his management and use. This peculium was protected under Roman law and inaccessible by the owner. This was another tool slaves could use to purchase their freedom.

Means of becoming a slave
The oldest means of becoming a slave was to be captured as an enemy in war. However, even a foreigner could become free again and even a Roman citizen could become a slave. Slavery was hereditary, and the child of a slave woman became a slave no matter who the father was. However, according to classical law, a child of a slave became free (ingenuus), if his or her mother was free, even for a short period of time, during the pregnancy.

There were a number of means by which a free man could become a slave in Roman society.
 * According to Twelve Tables:
 * Æris confessi rebusque iure iudicatis XXX dies iusti sunto.

 * A person who admits to owing money or has been adjudged to owe money must be given 30 days to pay.

 * Post deinde manus iniectio esto. In ius ducito. Ni iudicatum facit aut quis endo eo in iure vindicit, secum ducito, vincito aut nervo aut compedibus XV pondo, ne maiore aut si volet minore vincito. Si volet suo vivito, ni suo vivit, qui eum vinctum habebit, libras faris endo dies dato. Si volet, plus dato.

 * After that, the creditor can lay hands on him and haul him to court. If he does not satisfy the judgment and no one is surety for him, the creditor may take the defendant with him in stocks or chains...

 * Also citizens involved in the false presentation of slavery for benefit could become slaves. If a free man were sold as a slave, then after proving that he is free he shared proceeds from the sale with the party that sold him. A praetor could deprive the seller of his freedom (vindicatio in libertatem).
 * Convicts (most of them sentenced to death), could become slaves and their property would belong to state.
 * A female Roman citizen could become a slave (under senatus consultum Claudianum form 52) if she had "mutual living" (contubernium) with another man's slave despite the master's objection.

Termination of slave status
After the Punic wars, Rome started the mass exploitation of slaves. However, the development of industry, trade and other branches of economy required skilled free workers that took interest in their jobs.

A slave could get free by the act of manumission, by which a master would release him from his authority. Manumissions were different in different epochs. The old civil law (ius civile Quiritium) recognized three kinds of manumissions:

 * Manumissio censu, was done by a master in the time of the Centuriate assembly. A master wishing to free his slave needed only to enter him in the censor's list as a citizen.
 * Manumissio vindicta, was the liberation of a slave by a fictitious plea for freedom (vindicatio in libertatem). It was done before a magistrate when some citizen (adsertor libertatis) touched a slave by a stick (vindicta), and by right words said that the slave is a free man. If a master did not object to that claim (in iure cessio), a magistrate would validate the slave's freedom (addictio). This had been done under the old civil law (ius civile Quiricium)
 * Manumissio testamento, was the liberation of a slave by a will. In a will master usually said "Stichus servus meus liber esto", and the slave would be free and without patron.
 * Manumissio testamento fideicommissaria, was when a master asked his successor to release a slave. If that slave was made free, the man who released him became his patron.
 * Manumissio inter amicos, was liberation of a slave by a statement in front of friends. Praetors protected these free slaves (by the Lex Junia Norbana, these people lived as free but died as slaves). This kind of manumission originated at the end of the republic.
 * Manumissio per epistulam, same as above, just done by a statement in a letter.
 * Manumissio per mensam was similar to the above manumissions. This one was not as formal as manumissions in time of old civil law, but had the same value as praetoric manumissions. Manumissions of this kind originated in the time of empire.
 * Manumissio in ecclesia, were manumissions made in the time of Christian emperors in front of a priest.

At the beginning of the empire, because of the number of manumissions, legal limitations of manumissions were made. These limitations were implemented by two laws: Lex Fufia Caninia and Lex Aelia Sentia.

According to Roman law, slaves that were freed (libertinus, in regard to his master libertus) became Roman citizens, but they had many fewer rights than Roman citizens that were born free (ingenuus). The slave's former master now became his patron (patronus), and the libertus still had obligations towards him (this was regulated by law). The libertus had to be obedient and respectful to his patron (obsequium et reverentia). The patron could punish a disobedient libertus, In older times he could even kill him (ius vitae necisque), but later he could not. In some circumstances he could even ask a magistrate to turn the libertus into a slave once again (accusatio ingrati).

title: Status in Roman legal system


text:
User talk:Ashley Fagerstedt

Welcome to Wikipedia!
Hello, welcome to Wikipedia!

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If you feel a change is needed, feel free to make it yourself! Wikipedia is a wiki, so anyone (yourself included) can edit any article by following the  link. Wikipedia convention is to be bold and not be afraid of making mistakes. If you're not sure how editing works, have a look at How to edit a page, or try out the Sandbox to test your editing skills.

If, for some reason, you are unable to fix a problem yourself, feel free to ask someone else to do it. Wikipedia has a vibrant community of contributors who have a wide range of skills and specialties, and many of them would be glad to help. As well as the wiki community pages there are IRC Channels, where you are more than welcome to ask for assistance.

If you have any questions, feel free to ask me on my talk page. Thanks and happy editing, Alf 12:34, 29 August 2005 (UTC).

title: User talk:Ashley Fagerstedt


text:
Apodiscus

Apodiscus is a genus of trees belonging to the family Phyllanthaceae first described as a genus in 1912. It contains only one known species, Apodiscus chevalieri, native to tropical West Africa (Guinea, Liberia and possibly Sierra Leone).

title: Apodiscus


text:
Brazilian Olympic Committee

The Brazilian Olympic Committee or BOC (Comitê Olímpico do Brasil – COB) is the highest authority in Brazilian sport and the governing body of Brazilian Olympic sport. It was officially founded on 8 June 1914, but World War I caused its official activities to begin only in 1935. It was founded at the headquarters of the Brazilian Federation of Rowing Societies (Federação Brasileira das Sociedades de Remo) as an initiative from the Metropolitan League of Athletic Sports (Liga Metropolitana de Esportes Atléticos).

The BOC has multiple sources of income, but its principal means of funding is its 2% share of all the profits from the Brazilian National Lottery and other games of chance. The BOC is presided by Paulo Wanderley Teixeira, and its principal project is the 2016 Summer Olympics held in Rio de Janeiro.

Attributions
The BOC is responsible for enrolling Brazilian athletes in every Olympic Games. The policy used by the institution is the "meritorious inclusion". This means that the BOC does not hold Olympic Trials; all Brazilian athletes that meet the requirements set forth by their sport's International Federation for participation in the Games are automatically enrolled by the BOC in their respective Olympic event — if the country has a limited number of berths in any given event in the Games and the number of athletes meeting the criteria for qualification exceeds it, the BOC will then respect the official rankings of the sport, or any other criterion used by the sport's Federation for ranking purposes, and enroll the top ranked athletes to the limit of berths assigned to the country in the Games. National teams may qualify through pre-Olympic tournaments and/or international events that award berths in the Games; individual athletes, depending on their sport, may also qualify by achieving a certain minimum performance or time for the Games (e.g. in Swimming, where athletes qualify when they swim their event in a certain time).

The BOC has a policy of never requesting "inclusion berths" in the Olympic Games: every country's Olympic Committee is entitled to request that the International Olympic Committee include athletes of that nationality in events to which they had not qualified, so long as the country in question had no athletes qualified when it had a right to enroll athletes in any given event; any national Olympic Committee may also request those berths if it has not reached the number of athletes that it had been assigned, which would cause the Olympic draws to diminish.

As an example, if no Brazilian athletes were to succeed in qualifying for the Olympic Weightlifting event, then no Brazilian athlete will participate in the given Olympics, because the BOC will not request the enrollment of any athlete that has not achieved qualification on his or her own merit. This could be observed, for instance, in the Weightlifting event of the 2004 Summer Games, when no Brazilian athlete participated, even though the BOC could have requested a special inclusion for representation purposes.

Olympic bids
The Brazilian Olympic Committee submitted official bids to host the Olympic Games. In Brazil, the BOC is the final authority for submitting a bid, and no Brazilian city may bid without BOC endorsement. Brasília made a bid for 2000, but withdrew early before the final election. The city of Rio de Janeiro had been the preferred candidate, having made bids for 1936, 2004 and 2012. The Rio bid was eventually accepted in 2009 to host the 2016 Summer Olympics on its fourth bid submission.

In 2004, when it was time to submit the bids for the 2012 games (ultimately awarded to London, Great Britain), the city of São Paulo contested the automatic choice of Rio de Janeiro as the natural Brazilian candidate. São Paulo insisted that it could produce a bid that would be more competitive than that of Rio de Janeiro. The BOC could only submit one national bid and decided to settle the issue internally, by a vote of all registered members of the BOC. Both cities were required to present their bid for the Games (as if it were being presented to the IOC members) for evaluation by the delegates voting. The result was a landslide in favor of Rio de Janeiro, and the BOC then submitted the city's bid for the Games.

In 2017, The International Olympic Committee provisionally suspended Carlos Arthur Nuzman, president of the Brazilian Olympic Committee, in a vote-buying case to guarantee Rio de Janeiro as city host of the 2016 Summer Olympics.

Confederations
The national Confederations whose sports are part of the Olympic Program are directly linked to the BOC, but the entity also works with many "Associated Confederations", which are those whose sports are not part of the Olympic Program in the present.

Directly linked

 * Brazilian Archery Confederation
 * Brazilian Associated Fighting Styles Confederation
 * Brazilian Athletics Confederation
 * Brazilian Aquatic Sports Confederation
 * Brazilian Badminton Confederation
 * Brazilian Baseball and Softball Confederation †
 * Brazilian Basketball Confederation
 * Brazilian Boxing Confederation
 * Brazilian Canoeing Confederation
 * Brazilian Ice Sports Federation
 * Brazilian Cycling Confederation
 * Brazilian Equestrian Confederation
 * Brazilian Fencing Confederation
 * Brazilian Football Confederation
 * Brazilian Snow Sports Confederation
 * Brazilian Grass and Indoor Hockey Confederation
 * Brazilian Gymnastics Confederation
 * Brazilian Handball Confederation
 * Brazilian Judo Confederation
 * Brazilian Modern Pentathlon Confederation
 * Brazilian Rowing Confederation
 * Brazilian Basketball Confederation
 * Brazilian Sailing and Motors Sports Confederation
 * Brazilian Shooting Confederation
 * Brazilian Taekwondo Confederation
 * Brazilian Table Tennis Confederation
 * Brazilian Tennis Confederation
 * Brazilian Triathlon Confederation
 * Brazilian Volleyball Confederation
 * Brazilian Weightlifting Confederation

† In June 2005, the International Olympic Committee announced that both Baseball and Softball would be excluded from the Olympic Program as of the 2012 Summer Olympics, to be held in London, United Kingdom. At this point, no change in status for the Baseball and Softball Confederation has been announced.

Associated

 * Brazilian Automobilist Confederation
 * Brazilian Bodybuilding Confederation
 * Brazilian Bowling Confederation
 * Brazilian Capoeira Confederation
 * Brazilian Confederation of College Sports
 * Brazilian Confederation of Terrestrian Sports
 * Brazilian Confederation of Fishing and Subaquatic Sports
 * Brazilian Chess Confederation
 * Brazilian Futsal Confederation
 * Brazilian Golf Confederation
 * Brazilian Roller hockey and Skating Confederation
 * Brazilian Hunting Confederation
 * Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu Confederation
 * Brazilian Karate Confederation
 * Brazilian Kung-fu and Wushu Confederation
 * Brazilian Motorcycle Confederation
 * Brazilian Mountain Biking Confederation
 * Brazilian Parasailing Association
 * Brazilian Parachuting Confederation
 * Brazilian Squash Confederation
 * Brazilian Surfing Confederation
 * Brazilian Hiking Confederation
 * Brazilian Water Skiing Confederation

title: Brazilian Olympic Committee


text:
Famiglia Cristiana

Famiglia Cristiana (meaning The Christian family in English) is an Italian weekly magazine published in Alba, Italy. The magazine is a Catholic news magazine and has been in circulation since 1931.

History and profile
Famiglia Cristiana was founded by Pia Società San Paolo, a Catholic foundation, in Milan in 1931. The first issue appeared on 25 December 1931. Its original aim was to guide Catholics living in the rural and provincial north Italy to successfully cope with the spiritual and practical challenges of modern life. During its early years it was a local magazine targeting women. The magazine was temporarily suspended in the course of World War II. In 1954 its coverage expanded to include articles about food, fashion, politics and religion. However, its readers remained to be mainly women who resided in the northern Italy and were from the middle class in the urban and rural regions.

During the 1980s, Famiglia Cristiana was one of the Italian periodicals that the Piano di Rinascita Democratica (Democratic rebirth plan) of Licio Gelli wanted to subject to the control of the Masonic Lodge P2, affiliated to the Grand Orient of Italy.

The magazine is owned by Edizioni San Paolo, a Roman Catholic publishing group and is published by Periodici San Paolo on a weekly basis. It has its headquarters in Alba.

In 1955 Famiglia Cristiana became an illustrated weekly magazine.

Circulation
Famiglia Cristiana enjoyed higher levels of circulation from the late 1950s. In 1961 the magazine sold 1,000,000 copies, and its circulation was 1.7 million copies in the late 1960s.

The magazine had a circulation of 1,123,071 copies in 1984. The weekly sold 1,070,652 copies in the period between September 1993 and August 1994. In the mid-1990s the magazine had the highest circulation among other Catholic periodicals in Italy.

Famiglia Cristiana sold 895,000 copies in 2001. The 2003 circulation of the weekly was 742,000 copies. Its circulation was 778,000 copies in 2004.

The circulation of Famiglia Cristiana was 644,316 copies in 2007. In 2010 the circulation of the magazine fell to 544,576 copies.

title: Famiglia Cristiana


text:
Talk:Burke Civil War

Untitled
has anyone details of the macmeyler clan of the burks?

I always wondered how it was that the rebel Geraldine, Fitzmaurice, was killed in 1579 by a Burke in Munster - now I know how the family got there.--shtove 20:09, 1 February 2006 (UTC)

title: Talk:Burke Civil War


text:
James A. Mackay

James Alexander Mackay (21 November 1936 – 12 August 2007) was a prolific Scottish writer and philatelist whose output of philatelic works was rivalled only by Fred Melville. He was described by John Holman, editor of the British Philatelic Bulletin, as a "philatelic writer without equal" but his reputation was damaged by a conviction for theft from the British Museum early in his career, which cost him his job there, and multiple accusations of plagiarism.

Early life and family
James Mackay was born in Inverness on 21 November 1936. He was educated in Glasgow, where he also attended the university. Later in life Mackay was awarded a Doctor of Literature (D.Litt.) degree by Glasgow University.

He married Renate.

Scottish posts
Interested in stamps and the postal system from an early age, he wrote two acclaimed histories of the Scottish posts; one limited to St. Kilda and, in 1978, his History of Scottish Postmarks, 1693–1978, the definitive work on the subject. He became a prolific philatelic author, especially on English, Irish and Scottish postmarks and also produced popular Postal History Annuals and island series books. He wrote some 200 books and at least 10,000 articles. Mackay's interest in the postal history of St Kilda had been formed during his time stationed there during his army service in the 1950s.

Theft from the British Museum
In 1972 Mackay was dismissed from his job as an assistant keeper at the British Museum in London after he was convicted at the Old Bailey of stealing valuable proof stamps. He had pleaded guilty to five charges of stealing progressive proofs on loan from the Crown Agents from the Museum in 1965 and 1966 and was fined £1000. He had exchanged the proofs with dealer Clive Feigenbaum for Winston Churchill-themed stamps.

Writing
He was the editor of The Burns Chronicle from 1976 to 1992, which under his stewardship reached a level of quality and diversity it has not achieved before or since. He then turned to biography, where he was less successful. Through the 1980s he worked on a biography of Robert Burns which was published in 1992 to favourable reviews and which won the Saltire Society Book of the Year Award. Subsequent biographies of Allan Pinkerton and William Wallace received more mixed reviews.

1996 saw the release of Michael Collins: A Life, a work about the life of the famed Irish revolutionary which received excellent reviews.

Mackay also wrote books under a number of different pseudonyms, including Ian Angus, William Finlay, Bruce Garden, Alex Matheson and Peter Whittington.

Accusations of plagiarism
In 1998, he published a biography of Alexander Graham Bell. It was on the market briefly before Robert V. Bruce published a damning indictment, detailing sustained plagiarism of his own work, Alexander Graham Bell and the Conquest of Solitude. Far from being a little-known work, the latter had in fact been nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in 1973. The indictment, published in the American Historical Association's house journal, counted instances of plagiarism on 80 per cent of the pages published. Mackay paid his publishers to withdraw the book from circulation, and Bruce agreed not to sue.

Mackay then published a biography of John Paul Jones, the founder of the US Navy. While initially well received, and the subject of flattering reviews in the trade press, it was soon discovered that it was practically a copy of what those same reviews had marked as the last work on the man, that by Samuel Eliot Morison in 1942. That biography too had won the Pulitzer. Columbia University history professor David Armitage was quoted in the New York Times as saying that the book was "a spectacular and sustained act of plagiarism."

Despite these accusations, Mackay continued to be commissioned to write articles for the philatelic press, and it has been said that almost the entire text of some editions of Stamp & Coin Mart, a popular British magazine, were written by him.

Death
Mackay died on 12 August 2007 at the age of 70 in Glasgow.

Philatelic

 * St Kilda; Its Posts and Communications, 1963, 73p.
 * The Tapling Collection of Postage Stamps and Telegraph Stamps and Postal Stationery, British Museum, 53 pp, 1964
 * The World of Stamps:thematic essays on recent new issues London: Johnson, 1964, 220p.
 * Tristan Da Cunha: Its Postal History and Philately, 72 pp, Mackay & Crabb, 1965
 * Commonwealth Stamp Design 1840-1965, British Museum, 32 pp, 1965
 * Malta - The story of Malta and her stamps, Philatelic Publishers, 96 pp, 1966, ISBN 0-900864-10-9
 * Great Britain: the story of Great Britain and her stamps London: Philatelic Publishers, 1967, 158p.
 * Make Money with Stamps by Bruce Garden (pseudonym). London: Philatelic Publishers, 1967, 61p.
 * Money in Stamps, Johnson Publications, 240 pp, 1967, ISBN 0-85307-000-8
 * Learn about stamps by Bruce Garden (pseudonym). London: Philatelic Publishers, 1968, 61p.
 * The Story of Éire and Her Stamps, Philatelic Publishers, 1968
 * Cover Collecting - A Collecta Guide to First Day & Other Covers, Philatelic Publishers, 1968
 * East Africa: The Story of East Africa and Its Stamps, Philatelic Publishers, 192 pp, 1970, ISBN 0-900864-01-X
 * New Encyclopedia of Stamps, IPC Magazines, 1970
 * Airmails, 1870-1970, Batsford, 216 pp, 1971, ISBN 0-7134-0380-2
 * The World of Classic Stamps; 1840-1870, New York: Putnam, 1972.
 * The Dictionary of Stamps in Colour, Michael Joseph, 296 pp, 1973, ISBN 0-7181-1124-9
 * Stamps, posts, and postmarks, by Ian Angus (pseudonym). London: Ward Lock, 1973. ISBN 0-7063-1810-2, 128p.
 * An Illustrated History of Stamp Design by William Finlay (pseudonym), Peter Lowe, 187 pp, 1974, ISBN 0-85654-609-7
 * Encyclopedia of World Stamps, 1945-1975, Lionel Leventhal Ltd, 160 pp, 1976, ISBN 0-07-044595-8
 * Scottish Postmarks 1693-1987, J.A. Mackay: self-published, 68 pp, 1978
 * The Circular Name Stamps of Scotland, J.A. Mackay: self-published, 1978
 * The Skeleton Postmarks of Scotland, J.A. Mackay: self-published, 1978
 * The Floating Post Offices of the Clyde, J.A. Mackay: self-published, 1979, 40p.
 * English and Welsh Postmarks Since 1840, J.A. Mackay: self-published, 1980, 254pp.
 * Stamp Collecting, Park Lane Press, 80pp, 1980
 * British Post Office Numbers 1924-1969, J.A. Mackay: self-published, 50 pp, 1981
 * Telegraphic Codes of the British Isles, 1879-1924, J.A. Mackay: self-published, 90 pp, 1981
 * The Parcel Post of the British Isles, J.A. Mackay: self-published, 232 pp, 1982
 * Registered Mail of the British Isles, J.A. Mackay: self-published, 395 pp, 1982
 * Irish Postmarks Since 1840, J.A. Mackay: self-published, 222 pp, 1982
 * The Guinness Book of Stamps: Facts and Feats, Enfield: Guinness Publishing, 225 pp, 1982, ISBN 0-85112-241-8; 2nd Edition, Guinness Publishing Ltd, 225 pp, 1989, ISBN 0-85112-351-1
 * Official Mail of the British Isles, J.A. Mackay: self-published, 349 pp, 1983
 * Scottish Twin-Arc Postmarks with Stampers Numbers 1894-1963, J.A. Mackay: self-published, 1983, 53p.
 * The Postal History of Glasgow, J.A. Mackay: self-published, 1984
 * Surcharged Mail of the British Isles, J.A. Mackay: self-published, 1984, 138 pp
 * British Stamps, Longman, 247 pp, 1985, ISBN 0-582-40620-X
 * Dátstampái Rubair na bhFo-Oificí an Phoist in Éirinn, J.A. Mackay: self-published, 1985 ISBN 0906440351, 96p.
 * Sub Office Rubber Datestamps of Ireland, J.A. Mackay: self-published, 1985 ISBN 0-906440-36-X, 68p.
 * Sub Office Rubber Datestamps of Scotland, J.A. Mackay: self-published, 1985 ISBN 0-906440-34-3, 63p.
 * Postal History of Dumfries, 1986, self-published, 120 pp, ISBN 0-906440-38-6
 * Sub Office Rubber Datestamps of England and Wales, J.A. Mackay: self-published, 1986, ISBN 0-906440-39-4
 * English Provincial Krags (Machine Cancellations), 1987
 * Irish Slogan Postmarks 1918-1986, J.A. Mackay: self-published, 1987 ISBN 0-906440-42-4, 69p.
 * Postmarks of England and Wales, J.A. Mackay: self-published, 352 pp, 1988, ISBN 0-906440-46-7
 * Under the Gum – Background to British Stamps 1840–1940, Limassol: James Bendon, 1997, ISBN 9963-579-76-0, 536p.
 * Philatelic Terms Illustrated, Stanley Gibbons Limited, 4th edition, 2003, 173 pp, ISBN 0-85259-557-3
 * The World Encyclopedia of Stamps and Stamp Collecting, 2005, Lorenz Books, 256 pp, ISBN 0-7548-1530-7
 * 1800 Stamps of the World: A Stunning Visual Directory of Rare and Familiar Issues, Organized Country by Country with over 1800 Images of Collectables from up to 200 Countries, Southwater, 160 pp, 2007, ISBN 1-84476-346-3
 * Postal History Annual 1979	J.A. Mackay: self-published			1979
 * Postal History Annual 1980	J.A. Mackay: self-published			1980
 * Postal History Annual 1981	J.A. Mackay: self-published			1981
 * Postal History Annual 1982	J.A. Mackay: self-published			1982
 * Postal History Annual 1983	J.A. Mackay: self-published			1983
 * Postal History Annual 1984	J.A. Mackay: self-published			1984
 * Postal History Annual 1985	J.A. Mackay: self-published			1985
 * Postal History Annual 1986	J.A. Mackay: self-published			1986

Scottish Islands Postal History Series

 * No. 1: Harris & St Kilda	J.A. Mackay: self-published	80 pgs
 * No. 2: The Uists & Barra	J.A. Mackay: self-published	57 pgs
 * No. 3: Lewis	J.A. Mackay: self-published	62 pgs
 * No. 4: Skye and the Small Isles	J.A. Mackay: self-published	70 pgs
 * No. 5: Arran & Cumbrae	J.A. Mackay: self-published	39 pgs
 * No. 6: Bute	J.A. Mackay: self-published	38 pgs
 * No. 7: Orkney & Stroma	J.A. Mackay: self-published	64 pgs
 * No. 8: Shetland	J.A. Mackay: self-published	70 pgs
 * No. 9: Mull, Iona, Coll & Tiree	J.A. Mackay: self-published	37 pgs
 * No. 10: Islay, Jura and the other Argyll Isles	J.A. Mackay: self-published	39 pgs
 * No. 11: Scottish Islands Supplement & Catalogue	J.A. Mackay: self-published	64 pgs
 * No. 12: Isle of Wight	J.A. Mackay: self-published	112 pgs

Biographies

 * Vagabond of Verse: Robert Service - a Biography, Trafalgar Square, ISBN 1-85158-704-7, 1996
 * Allan Pinkerton: The First Private Eye, John Wiley & Sons, Somerset, NJ, ISBN 0471194158, 1997
 * Michael Collins: A Life, Trafalgar Square, ISBN 1851588574, 1997
 * Alexander Graham Bell: A Life, John Wiley & Sons, Somerset, NJ, ISBN 0-471-24045-1, 1998
 * William Wallace: Brave Heart, Mainstream, ISBN 1-85158-823-X, 1995
 * The Man Who Invented Himself: a Life of Sir Thomas Lipton, Mainstream Publishing, Edinburgh ISBN 978-1-85158-831-2, 1998

Robert Burns

 * The Complete Letters of Robert Burns, 1987, Alloway Publishing, 862 pp, ISBN 0-907526-32-2
 * The Complete Works of Robert Burns, 1988, Hyperion Books, 704 pp, ISBN 0-907526-23-3
 * Burns A-Z: the Complete Word Finder, 1990, (self published), 774 pp, ISBN 0-906440-51-3, ISBN 0-906440-50-5
 * Burns: A Biography of Robert Burns, 1992, Mainstream Publishing, 672 pp, ISBN 1-85158-462-5
 * Robert Burns, the Complete Poetical Works, 1993, Alloway Publishing Ltd, 640 pp, ISBN 0-907526-62-4
 * Burns, A Biography, 2004, Alloway Publishing Ltd, 749 pp, ISBN 0-907526-86-1

Other subjects

 * Antiques of the future; a guide for collectors and investors, 1970, Universe Books, 208 pp, ISBN 0-87663-117-0
 * Glass Paperweights, Littlehampton Book Services Ltd, 1973, 136 pp, ISBN 0-7063-1102-7
 * The Animaliers: A Collector's Guide to the Animal Sculptors of the 19th & 20th Centuries, Dutton, 1973, 160 pp, ISBN 0-525-05498-7
 * Dictionary of Western Sculptors in Bronze, 1973, Antique Collector's Club, 1977, 414 pp, ISBN 0-902028-55-3
 * Coins: Facts and Feats, 1993, Spink & Son Ltd, 276 pp, ISBN 1-85264-069-3
 * Clans and Tartans of Scotland, 2000, ISBN 0-517-16240-7
 * Glasgow's Other River : Exploring the Kelvin, 2000, Fort Publishing Ltd, 240 pp, published under pseudonym Alex Matheson, ISBN 0-9536576-2-0
 * Soldiering on St Kilda, 2002, Token Publishing Ltd, 180 pp, ISBN 1-870192-48-6
 * The St Kilda Steamers, 2006, The History Press Ltd, 192 pp, ISBN 0-7524-3878-6

References and sources
Notes

Sources
 * John Holman, Obituary: James Alexander Mackay: Philatelic writer without equal, Gibbons Stamp Monthly, October 2007, p. 16.

title: James A. Mackay


text:
Aporosa

Aporosa is a genus of flowering plant belonging to the family Phyllanthaceae, first described as a genus in 1825. It is native to China, the Indian Subcontinent, Southeast Asia, Papuasia, and Queensland.

These plants are mostly dioecious trees or shrubs. Four species (A. hermaphrodita, A. heterodoxa, A. brevicaudata, and A. egreria) have consistently bisexual flowers, although they may be functionally dioecious. The seeds have brightly colored arils that are attractive to birds, which disperse the seeds.

There are about 80 species.

• # Aporosa acuminata - SW India, Sri Lanka
 * Species

• # Aporosa alia - Borneo

• # Aporosa annulata - New Guinea, Bismarcks

• # Aporosa antennifera - Borneo, Sumatra, W Malaysia

• # Aporosa arborea - Borneo, Sumatra, W Malaysia, Java, S Thailand

• # Aporosa aurea - Borneo, Sumatra, W Malaysia, S Thailand

• # Aporosa banahaensis - Philippines, Sabah

• # Aporosa basilanensis - Borneo, Basilan

• # Aporosa benthamiana - Borneo, Sumatra, W Malaysia, Philippines

• # Aporosa bourdillonii - Kerala

• # Aporosa brassii - E New Guinea, Bismarcks

• # Aporosa brevicaudata - New Guinea

• # Aporosa bullatissima - Borneo

• # Aporosa caloneura - Borneo

• # Aporosa cardiosperma - W India, Sri Lanka

• # Aporosa carrii - E New Guinea

• # Aporosa chondroneura - Borneo

• # Aporosa confusa - Borneo, Sumatra, W Malaysia

• # Aporosa decipiens - New Guinea

• # Aporosa dendroidea - Maluku

• # Aporosa duthieana - Indochina

• # Aporosa egregia - W New Guinea

• # Aporosa elmeri - Borneo

• # Aporosa falcifera - Borneo, Sumatra, W Malaysia, Sulawesi, S Thailand

• # Aporosa ficifolia - Mainland Southeast Asia

• # Aporosa flexuosa - New Guinea

• # Aporosa frutescens - Myanmar, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines

• # Aporosa fulvovittata - Sabah

• # Aporosa fusiformis - SW India, Sri Lanka

• # Aporosa globifera - Sumatra, W Malaysia, S Thailand

• # Aporosa grandistipula - Borneo, Sulawesi

• # Aporosa granularis - Borneo

• # Aporosa hermaphrodita - E New Guinea

• # Aporosa heterodoxa - Bougainville I

• # Aporosa illustris - Borneo

• # Aporosa lagenocarpa - Borneo

• # Aporosa lamellata - New Guinea

• # Aporosa lanceolata - Sri Lanka

• # Aporosa latifolia - Sri Lanka

• # Aporosa laxiflora - E New Guinea, Bismarcks

• # Aporosa ledermanniana - New Guinea, Bismarcks, Louisiades

• # Aporosa leptochrysandra - New Guinea

• # Aporosa leytensis - Philippines, Sulawesi

• # Aporosa longicaudata - New Guinea

• # Aporosa lucida - Malaysia, Indonesia

• # Aporosa lunata - Borneo, Sumatra, W Malaysia, Java, S Thailand

• # Aporosa macrophylla - Myanmar

• # Aporosa maingayi - W Malaysia

• # Aporosa microstachya - W Malaysia, Java, S Thailand, S Myanmar

• # Aporosa misimana - E New Guinea

• # Aporosa nervosa - Borneo, Sumatra, W Malaysia, S Thailand

• # Aporosa nigricans - Borneo, Sumatra, W Malaysia, S Thailand

• # Aporosa nigropunctata - New Guinea

• # Aporosa nitida - Borneo

• # Aporosa octandra - S China, SE Asia, New Guinea, Queensland

• # Aporosa papuana - New Guinea, Bismarcks, Solomons

• # Aporosa parvula - W New Guinea

• # Aporosa penangensis - W Malaysia, S Thailand

• # Aporosa planchoniana - Mainland Southeast Asia

• # Aporosa praegrandifolia - New Guinea

• # Aporosa prainiana - Borneo, Sumatra, W Malaysia

• # Aporosa pseudoficifolia - W Malaysia, S Thailand, S Myanmar

• # Aporosa quadrilocularis - Kedah, Sumatra

• # Aporosa reticulata - E New Guinea

• # Aporosa rhacostyla - Sarawak

• # Aporosa sarawakensis - Borneo

• # Aporosa sclerophylla - E New Guinea

• # Aporosa selangorica - W Malaysia

• # Aporosa serrata - Laos, N Thailand

• # Aporosa sphaeridiophora - Philippines, Java

• # Aporosa stellifera - Sumatra, W Malaysia, S Thailand

• # Aporosa stenostachys - Sarawak

• # Aporosa subcaudata - Borneo, Sumatra, W Malaysia

• # Aporosa sylvestri - Sarawak

• # Aporosa symplocifolia - Philippines

• # Aporosa symplocoides - Borneo, Sumatra, W Malaysia, S Thailand

• # Aporosa tetrapleura - Cambodia, Vietnam

• # Aporosa vagans - New Guinea to Admiralty Is

• # Aporosa villosa - Southeast Asia, Andaman & Nicobar

• # Aporosa wallichii - Assam, Bangladesh, Indochina

• # Aporosa whitmorei - Sumatra, W Malaysia

• # Aporosa yunnanensis - Indochina, S China, Assam

moved to other genera: Antidesma Baccaurea Drypetes Shirakiopsis • # A. bilitonensis - Baccaurea minor
 * formerly included

• # A. calocarpa - Drypetes longifolia

• # A. dolichocarpa - Baccaurea javanica

• # A. griffithii - Antidesma coriaceum

• # A. inaequalis - Drypetes leonensis

• # A. somalensis - Shirakiopsis elliptica

title: Aporosa


text:
Amaicha

The Amaichas were one of the 16 recognized Diaguitan communities in the province of Tucumán in northwestern Argentina.

title: Amaicha


text:
Salí River

Salí River (Río Salí) is the most important river in the Argentine province of Tucumán.

The river is born from the precipitations capture by the Calchaquíes range next to Salta Province, and its water flow is increased by the numerous streams from the Sierra del Aconquija range, and other rivers.

Most cities and town in the province, included the capital San Miguel de Tucumán, lay on the basin of this river, which continues to Santiago del Estero Province with the name of Dulce River, and dies at the Mar Chiquita lagoon in Córdoba Province.

3 main dams have been constructed both for the production of hydroelectric energy and irrigation; two in the Tucumán Province: El Cadillal and Escaba, and Los Quiroga in Santiago del Estero Province.

title: Salí River


text:
Twentythree

Twentythree (alternatively styled "twentythree") is the major label debut album of American singer-songwriter Tristan Prettyman. It was released by Virgin Records America on August 2, 2005. It peaked at No. 24 on Billboard's Top Heatseekers chart. The album was named, at least in part, for the fact that it was released after Prettyman's 23rd birthday. Also, both she and her then-boyfriend, musician Jason Mraz, were born on the 23rd (of May 1982 and June 1977 respectively). Mraz would later propose to Prettyman on December 23, 2010.

Critical reception
Critical response to Twentythree was largely positive though conservative, and she drew comparisons to fellow surfer Jack Johnson. USA Today gave the album four-and-a-half stars, saying that the "singer-songwriter's breathy wisp of a voice doesn't reveal much range, technically, dynamically or otherwise", but that she does "have a gentle charm that should allow this former competitive surfer to stay afloat under the pop radar." Entertainment Weekly gave the album a B, calling it "husky, pleasant Introspection Lite." People magazine said that "with her soothing folk-pop sounds and sweetly understated vocals, this San Diego singer-songwriter is poised to be the next Jewel", finally giving the album three stars. Christian Hoard with Rolling Stone commented that "Prettyman may not quite have found her voice, but on 'Twentythree' her nice-girl daydreams sound awfully sweet."

Track listing

 * 1) "Love Love Love" (Tristan Prettyman) – 3:25
 * 2) "Always Feel This Way" (Prettyman) – 2:55
 * 3) "The Story" (Prettyman) – 2:56
 * 4) "Electric" (Prettyman) – 2:55
 * 5) "Shy That Way (Prettyman, Jason Mraz) – 3:31
 * 6) *feat. Jason Mraz
 * 7) "Please" (Prettyman) – 3:10
 * 8) "Breathe" (Prettyman) – 3:13
 * 9) "Song for the Rich" (Prettyman) – 3:43
 * 10) "Smoke" (Prettyman) – 3:45
 * 11) "Melting" (Prettyman) – 3:37
 * 12) "Simple As It Should Be" (Prettyman, Jesse Harris) – 3:49
 * 13) *feat. G. Love
 * 14) "Mess" (Prettyman) – 3:50
 * 15) *(iTunes bonus track)
 * 16) "November" (Prettyman) – 3:23
 * 17) *(iTunes bonus track)

The songs "November" and "Song for the Rich" were also on her four-song demo.

title: Twentythree


text:
Prague Autumn International Music Festival

Prague Autumn International Music Festival (1991–2008) was the second largest classical music festival in Prague held annually in Prague Rudolfinum in September. It was organised under the auspices of Václav Klaus, president of the Czech Republic and was co-produced by the City of Prague.

The Dvořák Prague International Music Festival is a major music festival held in the autumn since 2008 at the Rudolfinum in Prague. The festival focuses on music of the Romantic period, but also extends back into the Classical period, and forwards to the 20th and 21st centuries.

History
The history of the Autumn Festival begins soon after the Velvet revolution. Many performers from all over the world have appeared at the festival. In 14 years the festival saw performances by 66 orchestras, 96 conductors, 122 singers, 53 pianists, 31 violin players, 24 cellists, 16 choirs, 6 chamber ensembles, and 23 other instrumentalists. The number of attendees approaches 270,000, plus millions of radio listeners all around the world and domestic TV viewers.

Highlights of the festival

 * Israel Philharmonic Orchestra under Zubin Mehta
 * Bruckner Orchester Linz
 * RSO Wien under Bertrand de Billy
 * Moscow Philharmonic Orchestra under Yuri Simonov
 * Filarmonica della Scala under Riccardo Muti
 * Beethoven Orchester Bonn
 * State Symphony Capella of Russia under Valeri Polyansky
 * Royal Liverpool Philharmonic Orchestra
 * Budapest Festival Orchestra under Iván Fischer
 * Mariinsky Theatre Orchestra under Valeri Gergiev
 * BBC Scottish Symphony Orchestra under Ilan Volkov
 * BBC Philharmonic under Gianandrea Noseda
 * Bamberger Symphoniker under Jonathan Nott
 * Chamber orchestras appearing at the festival have included the English Chamber Orchestra, the Scottish Chamber Orchestra, London Brass Virtuosi, the City of London Sinfonia, Sinfonia Varsovia with Krzysztof Penderecki and Orchestre de chambre de Paris with John Nelson.

Conductors and soloists have included: Marin Alsop, Semyon Bychkov, James DePreist, Iván Fischer, Valery Gergiev, Marek Janowski, Zubin Mehta, Riccardo Muti, Gianandrea Noseda, Jonathan Nott, Krzysztof Penderecki, Ilan Volkov, Maxim Fedotov, Vadim Gluzman, Leonidas Kavakos, Shlomo Mintz, Vadim Repin, Isaac Stern, Steven Isserlis, Boris Pergamenschikow, Heinrich Schiff, Yefim Bronfman, Barry Douglas, Hélène Grimaud, Arcadi Volodos, Gábor Boldoczki, Galina Gorchakova.


text:
Talk:Austrian Students' Association

Name - original or translation?
It's increasingly common for national bodies to be referred to by the name in their own language rather than in translation - would it be better to have this page at Österreichische HochschülerInnenschaft? Timrollpickering 12:43, 29 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Well, their own homepage does state the name in English... . Gryffindor  14:47, 25 January 2006 (UTC)
 * it's also not really a national body, I'd go with the english name, that's also what they do in european meetings, afaik. --Juxi 06:37, 24 August 2006 (UTC)
 * In a sense, it is indeed a national body: unlike the student unions in most other countries, the ÖH is regulated by national law to be the representative body of all university students in Austria, with every student becoming a member through incription at any of Austria's universities. This is indeed one of the strengths of ÖH compared to student unions in most other countries: Even when election turnout is fairly low at times, ÖH legally represents the entirity of students in Austria rather than just a (possibly biased) fraction that chose to join a political organization. In a way, ÖH is thus more like a Chamber than a Union (see also Arbeiterkammer vs. ÖGB.213.47.123.225 20:10, 12 May 2007 (UTC)

External links modified
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title: Talk:Austrian Students' Association


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/AY Overdrive

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was DELETE. Paul August ☎ 03:17, September 7, 2005 (UTC)

AY Overdrive
Non-notable band. Al 12:43, August 29, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete --Quasipalm 16:03, 29 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete gets a single Google hit, and nothing on allmusic.com. No evidence of meeting any part of WP:MUSIC. Also haven't got as far as having their own website yet! -Splash 19:20, 29 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete per Splash. --TheMidnighters 21:43, 29 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Jachin 22:21, 29 August 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text: User talk:69.26.240.99

title: User talk:69.26.240.99


text:
Genesis (Rotting Christ album)

Genesis is the seventh full-length album by the Greek extreme metal band Rotting Christ.

The release showed some return to the group's more aggressive early days as a black metal band, featuring fast, percussive tempos and raw vocals, as well as some gothic and doom elements from middle releases.

It was produced by Andy Classen in Germany at the Stage-One-Studio, also used by Krisiun, Belphegor and Callenish Circle.

Track listing
All songs written by Sakis Tolis.
 * 1) "Daemons" – 3:27
 * 2) "Lex Talionis" – 5:03
 * 3) "Quintessence" – 4:45
 * 4) "Nightmare" – 7:08
 * 5) "In Domine Sathana" – 5:16
 * 6) "Release Me" – 3:51
 * 7) "The Call of the Aethyrs" – 4:32
 * 8) "Dying" – 4:48
 * 9) "Ad Noctis" – 6:11
 * 10) "Under the Name of the Legion" – 6:29
 * 11) "Astral Enbodyment [Brazil Edition]"  – 5:51

Popular culture
The track "Ad Noctis" was featured on the soundtrack of the metal-themed video game Brütal Legend.

Credits

 * Sakis Tolis – guitar, vocals
 * Kostas Vassilakopoulos – guitar
 * Andreas Lagios – bass
 * Georgios Tolias – keyboards
 * Themis Tolis – drums

title: Genesis (Rotting Christ album)


text: User talk:84.29.178.201

title: User talk:84.29.178.201


text:
Talk:Tokugawa Ietsugu

Died of natural causes?
Did Tokugawa Ietsugu die of "natural causes" at age seven or was it an illness or something?

 * ANSWER:
 * When I first encountered this Wikipedia text, the phrase "natural causes" had been written by some earlier contributor. I let it stand without further editing  My understanding, such as it was, comes from Isaac Titsingh's 1820 French text in the New York Public Library's rare book collection.  A 2006 re-working of the 1822 English translation of Titsingh's work informs my edit of this specific article -- that is, I rely on Timon Screech's Secret Memoirs of the Shoguns: Isaac Titsingh and Japan, 1779-1822. At pages 97-98, the Screech-edited text explains:
 * "Minamoto no Ietsugu, son of Ienobu, was not of an age to govern when he succeeded his father. As he had no title on account of his extreme youth, he was called Nobumatsu kimi.  The government was placed in the hands of counselors of state during the minority of the prince.  At the beginning of the sixth year of Shōtoku (1716), the prince fell dangerously ill.  Orders were immediately issued that public prayers should be said in the principal temples for his recovery, but they proved unavailing.  The most skillful physicians also employed all the resources of their art, to no purpose.  The young prince died on 30th of the fourth month of the same year [Shōtoku 2].  The whole empire went into mourning.  He was buried  near the temple of San'en-ji, and he priests gave him the name of Yūshō-in.''
 * Ietsugu died of an illness or natural causes. In other words, he was not assassinated. --Ooperhoofd 10:06, 10 May 2007 (UTC)

Succession box
An interested editor "tweaked" the succession boxes in articles about the 15 Tokugawa shoguns; and the change became a thread topic at Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Japan. Although a corollary thread topic was posted at Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Royalty, no comments or suggestions were elicited.

Aumnamahashiva substituted "regnal" succession boxes; and an plausible rationale for those edits was offered, focusing primarily on the functional sense in which the Tokugawas were hereditary autocrats. In contrast was an argument that the regnal succession box is, by definition, misapplied. Although the terms "reign" and "rule" are conventionally used by scholars, neither the Tokugawa, the Ashikaga, the Hōjō nor the Minamoto shoguns were "royalty" as that term is defined in Japanese history and culture.

Participation in this thread was limited, but I construed it as sufficient justification to restore the previous (non-regnal) succession box. This explanation and the links to soon-to-be-archived threads may prove to be helpful in the future? --Tenmei (talk) 14:37, 12 March 2009 (UTC)

title: Talk:Tokugawa Ietsugu


text:
User:BAW~enwiki

My cat's breath smells like cat food.

title: User:BAW~enwiki


text:
Strawberry Marshmallow

Strawberry Marshmallow (苺ましまろ) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Barasui about the adventures of four elementary school girls and their older sister-figure. It began serialization in ASCII Media Works' manga magazine Dengeki Daioh in 2002. In 2005, the manga was adapted into an anime television series and a PlayStation 2 video game. Three original video animation (OVA) episodes were later released from February to April 2007. Another two-episode OVA project titled Ichigo Mashimaro Encore was released in 2009. The manga's tagline is "Cute is justice."

There is an unrelated manga by Touko Mizuno with the similar title of Ichigo Mashumaro (苺ましゅまろ).

Themes
According to the manga, Strawberry Marshmallow is set in Hamamatsu, Japan. Seasons play an important role throughout Strawberry Marshmallow as the characters are involved in many normal seasonal activities.

The series is speckled with numerous small, music-related allusions, such as Ana's dog Frusciante being named after John Frusciante of the Red Hot Chili Peppers, while episode eight of the anime sees two goldfish called Richard and James (with Aphex Twin appearing in other comics by Barasui as well). Other referenced musicians include Radiohead, Sigur Rós, the Bee Gees, Oasis, Moby, Outkast, The Police, Arctic Monkeys, The Black Eyed Peas, and Squarepusher. The title itself was inspired by "Mashimaro", a single by Japanese rock artist Tamio Okuda.

Characters

 * Nobue Itoh (伊藤 伸恵)
 * Nobue is the eldest main character. She is Chika's older sister and usually has final authority on all matters. She often tries to "borrow" money from Chika to buy cigarettes. Nobue is perpetually searching for a part-time job to earn money for more cigarettes to calm her nicotine addiction. She has been described as a kogal.
 * Nobue is the eldest main character. She is Chika's older sister and usually has final authority on all matters. She often tries to "borrow" money from Chika to buy cigarettes. Nobue is perpetually searching for a part-time job to earn money for more cigarettes to calm her nicotine addiction. She has been described as a kogal.

 * The story suggests that Nobue derives some kind of sensual pleasure from watching the girls do cute things. In this respect, Nobue appears to appreciate the moe aesthetic. It is seen during the anime that Nobue prefers Matsuri and Ana over Chika and Miu.

 * The Nobue character changed from the manga to the anime. In the manga, she is a sixteen-year-old high school freshman, while in the anime she is a twenty-year-old junior-college student. Her age is presumably changed because of her smoking and drinking habit, both becoming legal in Japan at age twenty. In the first episode of the anime, she initially introduces herself as a sixteen-year-old, intended to be a joke as she quickly states that she is really twenty. She tends to act somewhat less mature in her manga incarnation, doing things such as tricking Matsuri into thinking that Miu is dead. Her appearance changes radically in the early stages of the manga, especially her hair, which goes from blonde to dark brown (and is black in the anime).

 * Chika Itoh (伊藤 千佳)
 * Chika is one of two twelve-year-olds in the story. She is the same age as Miu, and attends the same class as her neighbor Miu. Chika is a cheerful girl who shows more common sense than the other girls. Her main role in the series is that of an average, twelve-year-old girl, which is emphasized in the first manga volume, where her older sister Nobue describes Chika as specializing in "being totally generic." Her special skill is cooking, especially baking cookies. Her nickname is "Chi-chan" or just "Chi".
 * Chika is one of two twelve-year-olds in the story. She is the same age as Miu, and attends the same class as her neighbor Miu. Chika is a cheerful girl who shows more common sense than the other girls. Her main role in the series is that of an average, twelve-year-old girl, which is emphasized in the first manga volume, where her older sister Nobue describes Chika as specializing in "being totally generic." Her special skill is cooking, especially baking cookies. Her nickname is "Chi-chan" or just "Chi".

 * Miu Matsuoka (松岡 美羽)
 * Miu is another twelve-year-old girl who is depicted in the story as having a problem child personality. A childhood friend of Chika, she lives next door to the Itoh house and attends the same class as Chika. Miu likes to say random things out of the blue and often plays pranks on Matsuri and Ana, but is most of the time interrupted by Nobue (and sometimes by Chika), ending up lying face-down on the floor. She has the least common sense or manners of the girls, and is rarely taken seriously because of her weird ideas and comments. She seems to harbor some sort of jealousy of Ana and Matsuri due to the fact that Nobue finds them cuter. She tends to have no delicacy and often does things that bother people around her. Her nickname is Micchan. Miu has been described as "Yotsuba Koiwai with fangs".
 * While she is often causing trouble for the other girls, an interview with the cast that was published in volume 4 of the manga series reveals that Miu is extremely fond of Chika, whom she dubs as her "one and only." The interview also states that Miu derives satisfaction from amusing Chika, and that she will never go to bed before making sure that Chika's room light is turned off. Light yuri themes between Miu and Chika occasionally appear in the manga.
 * While she is often causing trouble for the other girls, an interview with the cast that was published in volume 4 of the manga series reveals that Miu is extremely fond of Chika, whom she dubs as her "one and only." The interview also states that Miu derives satisfaction from amusing Chika, and that she will never go to bed before making sure that Chika's room light is turned off. Light yuri themes between Miu and Chika occasionally appear in the manga.

 * Matsuri Sakuragi (桜木 茉莉)
 * Matsuri, nicknamed "Mats" in the manga, is an eleven-year-old glasses-wearing girl with a pet ferret named John. She is depicted as having a very timid personality, and is often the subject of Miu's teasing, which often results in her crying and hiding behind Nobue. She is one grade below Chika and Miu, and in the same class as Ana, with whom she quickly becomes friends. Matsuri discovers that Ana can speak Japanese fluently and helps her hide both her Japanese language skills and her lack of English language skills from the rest of their class. While she has gray hair in the anime, her hair is white in the manga.
 * Matsuri, nicknamed "Mats" in the manga, is an eleven-year-old glasses-wearing girl with a pet ferret named John. She is depicted as having a very timid personality, and is often the subject of Miu's teasing, which often results in her crying and hiding behind Nobue. She is one grade below Chika and Miu, and in the same class as Ana, with whom she quickly becomes friends. Matsuri discovers that Ana can speak Japanese fluently and helps her hide both her Japanese language skills and her lack of English language skills from the rest of their class. While she has gray hair in the anime, her hair is white in the manga.

 * Ana Coppola (アナ・コッポラ)
 * Ana is an eleven-year-old girl who originally came from Cornwall, England five years before the series, but seems to have forgotten how to speak English. She at first pretends that she speaks only English, but it is not long before she is discovered by Matsuri while speaking very polite Japanese. Matsuri tries to help her re-learn English. Ana is often teased by Miu because of her last, which in Japanese sounds like a typical psychomime (a form of onomatopoeic sound). As such, Ana dislikes her last name and becomes angry when Miu calls "Coppola-chan". Miu also often spells her name in kanji to mean "hole", "bone", and "cave" (穴 骨洞). Ana's "proper Japanese" personality is reflected by her very traditionally-feminine and polite speaking style, and her impressive knowledge of Japanese words, customs, and traditions makes her seem more "Japanese" than most native Japanese people (which she also tries to hide). Later in the series, her ability to speak Japanese is discovered by the other students in her class. Ana owns a pet dog named Frusciante.
 * Ana is an eleven-year-old girl who originally came from Cornwall, England five years before the series, but seems to have forgotten how to speak English. She at first pretends that she speaks only English, but it is not long before she is discovered by Matsuri while speaking very polite Japanese. Matsuri tries to help her re-learn English. Ana is often teased by Miu because of her last, which in Japanese sounds like a typical psychomime (a form of onomatopoeic sound). As such, Ana dislikes her last name and becomes angry when Miu calls "Coppola-chan". Miu also often spells her name in kanji to mean "hole", "bone", and "cave" (穴 骨洞). Ana's "proper Japanese" personality is reflected by her very traditionally-feminine and polite speaking style, and her impressive knowledge of Japanese words, customs, and traditions makes her seem more "Japanese" than most native Japanese people (which she also tries to hide). Later in the series, her ability to speak Japanese is discovered by the other students in her class. Ana owns a pet dog named Frusciante.

Manga
The Ichigo Mashimaro manga, written and illustrated by Barasui, began serialization in ASCII Media Works's Dengeki Daioh magazine on February 15, 2002. The first tankōbon was released on January 27, 2003, and nine volumes have been released as of February 2023. The French company Kurokawa has an ongoing license of the manga under the title Les petites fraises, while Siam Inter Comics publishes the series in Thai. Tokyopop previously licensed the series for publication in the United States (in English, as Strawberry Marshmallow) and in Germany (in German, as Erdbeeren & Marshmallows), but the series was canceled in 2008 after five English volumes and four German ones due to low sales, and is now out of print.

Early chapters of the manga break the fourth wall, especially in the first volume, where Chika often turns to face the readers when describing her plight. The manga currently publishes on an irregular basis with an inconsistent number of pages per issue.

Anime
A 12-episode Strawberry Marshmallow anime series produced by Daume and directed by Takuya Satō aired in Japan between July 14 and October 13, 2005 on the TBS Japanese television network. A 4-minute special was also broadcast prior to the start of the series. The anime series was licensed for English language distribution by Geneon. Three original video animation (OVA) episodes were later released between February 23 and April 25, 2007. A two-episode OVA series titled Ichigo Mashimaro Encore was released between January 23 and March 25, 2009. After going out of print due to the shutdown of Geneon's anime division, the series (including both OVAs) was later re-licensed by Sentai Filmworks.

Audio CDs
Five Ichigo Mashimaro drama CDs were released between July 22, 2005 and August 25, 2006 on the Frontier Works record label. They use the same voice actresses as the anime. There have also been four character song singles (one for each girl except Nobue), two soundtrack albums for the original anime, multiple "Toy CDs," and two soundtrack albums for the OVA.

Visual novel
The visual novel, under the original title of Ichigo Mashimaro, was developed by ASCII Media Works for the PlayStation 2 based on the series under an all-ages CERO rating. The game was first released on August 11, 2005 and was re-released on March 8, 2007 at a lower price. Players take on the role of a college student, a childhood friend of Nobue who has come to visit. Over the course of a month, he gradually gets to know one of the girls and begins to go on dates with them.

Differences between media
There are several, large differences between the manga and anime versions of the series such as the much earlier introduction of Ana in the anime than the manga. In the manga, Ana does not appear until the second volume, while she makes her debut in the second episode of the anime. Events that take place in the manga never appeared in the anime, and chapters that were adapted were mixed together or were altered. For example, episode seven of the anime, "Going to the Sea", mixes elements of volume 1 manga "episodes" (chapters) nine, "Critical Investigation", and ten, "Beach Challenge". While Ana is present in the anime episode, she was not in the manga versions at all.

Character designs were extremely inconsistent in the early stages of the manga, before Barasui knew that Strawberry Marshmallow would become a series, a fact referenced at the end of the first volume. Character designs are even more inconsistent with the visual novel, which uses a mix between the manga and anime's styles along with its own unique changes. For example, Matsuri has blonde hair in the visual novel, while she has white or gray hair in other mediums. Early chapters of the manga also had Miu drawn almost identical to Chika, with their hair length being the only visible difference between them.

In addition, some of the girls' personalities are slightly different in each media: Matsuri is shown to be a little more defensive in the manga than her anime counterpart, which was demonstrated by her slapping or shoving Miu away when the latter got overboard with her pranks, while she never (deliberately) laid a finger on Miu in the anime. There are also subtle differences in Miu and Chika's personalities between the manga and the anime, e.g. Miu is more random and unpredictable in the manga compared to her anime counterpart. Chika is also targeted by Miu more often in the manga as compared to the anime (but not as much as Matsuri is), resulting in more outbursts of anger from her in the manga.

Reception
Strawberry Marshmallow has received positive reviews in English. Carlo Santos from Anime News Network has described Strawberry Marshmallow as "a clever little comedy that delivers laughs via its straight-faced approach" and has mentioned that "There is something uniquely appealing about Marshmallow's deadpan delivery". Dirk Deppey from The Comics Journal stated that "Barasui sets up his comic situations with little if any extraneous padding and plays out the resulting gags with the skill and grace of a master craftsman". The phrase "cute girls doing cute things", a subgenre of the slice of life genre, was used by fans to describe the series as early as 2004.

Erica Friedman of Yuricon has called the series "too-cute-to-hate", but criticized the now out-of-print English language publication of the manga for not providing any translations for sound effects, and for not providing explanations for some puns. Jason Thompson, writing about The Last Uniform for the appendix to Manga: The Complete Guide, contrasts the two series and calls Strawberry Marshmallow "purely juvenile gaze-into-the-girls-world stuff".

title: Strawberry Marshmallow


text:
Template talk:Manchester United F.C.

Acknowledgement
Forgot to mention this in the edit summary: this was based on a copy-and-paste of the current version of Template:Arsenal F.C.. CTOAGN 12:45, 29 August 2005 (UTC)

Glazer
I have removed the link to Malcolm Glazer. Linking to a general biography of him felt superfluous here given that an article specifically about his family's ownership of the club exists, and indeed is already linked to in this template. Besides, it seems strange to link solely to one individual associated with the cub, when the likes of Busby, Ferguson etc. aren't directly linked to here. Jellyman (talk) 11:35, 27 September 2016 (UTC)

Manchester United Radio
I have created a new page Manchester United Radio and will add it to the template. I had doubts whether it should be in there because it no longer broadcasts. However since Red Issue is still in the template, I'd suggest it should be in alongside MUTV? Thoughts? Mfb72 (talk) 14:18, 26 November 2016 (UTC)
 * No reason not to have it. The template's scope covers all topics related to the club, including historical stuff, e.g. there are links to the pre-Old Trafford grounds. Jellyman (talk) 13:30, 4 February 2017 (UTC)

The games surrounding the Munich Air Disaster
I think those games should have their own articles as they are notable. Arsenal vs Manchester United (on 1. february 1958) 4-5 The Busby Babes final game on English soil before the Munich Air disaster was dubbed the greatest game ever by this Arsenalfanncy  http://www.thearsenalhistory.com/?p=12919#:~:text=On%201%20February%201958%2C%20Arsenal,in%20favour%20of%20the%20visitors. The game has had numberus mention surrounding the anniversary of the disaster. https://www.theguardian.com/football/blog/2011/apr/29/busby-babes-manchester-united https://www.dailymail.co.uk/sport/football/article-512384/Pat-Rice-recalls-Uniteds-match-Britain-Munich-air-disaster-1958.html https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/2290978/Busby-Babes-last-and-finest-league-game.html

Red Star Belgrade - Manchester United 3-3 (on 5. february 1958) http://www.thebusbybabes.com/cuptie/cuptie.htm https://www.worldfootball.net/report/champions-league-1957-1958-viertelfinale-crvena-zvezda-manchester-united/ http://crvenazvezdafk.com/en/vest/8096/Cvece-Mancestera

Manchester United - Sheffield Wednesday 3-0 (on 19th february 1958) the famous first game after the disaster: the blank match dayprogram https://www.footballprogrammes.net/manchester-united-1957-1958-c-742_6_58/manchester-united-v-sheffield-wednesday-1958-fa-cup-p-42360.html https://www.swfc.co.uk/news/2018/february/yesterdays-emotional-night-at-old-trafford/ https://reuters.screenocean.com/record/250651 DoctorHver (talk) 04:05, 3 February 2021 (UTC)

title: Template talk:Manchester United F.C.


text:
Sydthy Municipality

Until 1 January 2007 Sydthy municipality was a Danish municipality (Danish, kommune) in the former Viborg County on the west coast of Vendsyssel-Thy, a part of the Jutland peninsula in west Denmark. It is on the north bank of the Limfjord. The municipality covered an area of 322 km2, and had a total population of 11,239 (2005). Its last mayor was Arne Hyldahl, a member of the Venstre (Liberal Party) political party. The main town and the site of its municipal council was the town of Hurup.

Sydthy municipality ceased to exist as the result of Kommunalreformen ("The Municipality Reform" of 2007). It was merged with existing Hanstholm and Thisted municipalities to form a new Thisted municipality. This create a municipality with an area of 1,072 km2 and a total population of 46,158 (2005). The new municipality belongs to Region Nordjylland ("North Jutland Region").

title: Sydthy Municipality


text: User talk:66.184.165.122

title: User talk:66.184.165.122


text:
Ashtonia

Ashtonia is a genus of flowering plant belonging to the family Phyllanthaceae first described as a genus in 1968. It is native to the Malay Peninsula and Borneo. It is dioecious, with male and female flowers on separate plants.

 * species
 * 1) Ashtonia excelsa Airy Shaw - Borneo
 * 2) Ashtonia praeterita Airy Shaw - S Thailand, W Malaysia

title: Ashtonia


text:
User talk:Dpotop

Link to the Romanian history business: User talk:Dpotop/Romanian history business.

User:Dpotop/Archive1

Soviet occupation of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina
If you have some time, please help preserve info in this article, and protect it from vandalism. :Dc76 18:00, 28 June 2007 (UTC)

Image deleted!
This got deleted, unfortunately. Any idea what its source was or what tag we could put to make it remain? I liked that picture. Biruitorul 17:41, 4 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Thank you. While you try and find out, let me just say it might be safer on en.wiki rather than on Commons, with a fair-use tag. In any case, I do hope it comes back - maybe Bogdan knows more details. Biruitorul 18:25, 4 July 2007 (UTC)

 * For our picture, it's and . Biruitorul 18:44, 4 July 2007 (UTC)

Have you seen this? What exactly should I make? It's very strange and very stressful.--Tones benefit 18:00, 5 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Calm down, don't edit that article for a few days, observe other people edits there, introduce modification piece by pieca and comment consistently each of them - some will be accepted, some - not, some - will need discussion. That's a general principle of behavior in a an article that you are new.:Dc76 18:03, 5 July 2007 (UTC)

Ok, but today I'm not the only one who complained. Another editor asked him on his page to stop intimidating him.--Tones benefit 18:07, 5 July 2007 (UTC)

 * It is not a democracy, and it is not like in the court room. (no oppinion if it should be) The one who shows more intelligence in editting wins. If you really want to catch him, you have to show that you are always nice and correct, and he is always wrong. That is very hard, especially b/c of "always". Avoid conflict. "Frontal attack" is the most stupid way of fighting a battle. Read military strategy. :-) :Dc76 19:06, 5 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Actually, there are rules here on wikipedia (BTW, there are/were states of law that are not democracies). Dpotop 20:18, 5 July 2007 (UTC)
 * Of course you are right, but I suggest him to prepare for the worse and hope for the best. The point is, in real life, I can ask a court to rule if I fill my right are violated. Here, there is no court, there is no a priori rule of law, only in some instances. Often, you have to defend yourself. It is more like in the middle ages.:Dc76 20:36, 5 July 2007 (UTC)
 * This is absolutely true. This is why I chose to support the guy, in the absence of sufficient proof of his guilt. But of course, you are right when saying he should behave. Dpotop 20:58, 5 July 2007 (UTC)
 * My point is that if you built a reputation of a civilized user, there is absolutely nothing some with bad intentions can do to you. It's a free world, after all. It is important for Tones benefit to learn these dangers and possibilities. The fact that he gets rv on a few articles is of no importance imo, they can be reviseted later when he has more experience. :Dc76 21:08, 5 July 2007 (UTC)

How can I prove he's wrong when he is? How can I deal the situation when he deletes sourced information and he tells me if I revert to my version I will be blocked? I like Moldova but it seems to be hard to edit about it. Anyway, I will avoid him as much as possible. I created a page of slurs (they are true) just because he was frontal attacked me also.--Tones benefit 19:11, 5 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Don't ever call anyone names or attack personally. (you can get very badly blocked for that) His or her person is irrelevant. Only refer to the edits the user makes. In my opinion (IMO), your aim should not be to prove one is wrong and get him banned, but to edit articles you are interested in. Again, the one who puts the other chin, wins. B/c everyone sees who and how reacts. It is all on public record - anyone can see.:Dc76 19:42, 5 July 2007 (UTC)

 * I presume you are talking to Tones benefit. Dpotop 20:18, 5 July 2007 (UTC)
 * Yes. I am sorry to "hijack" your page. :Dc76 20:36, 5 July 2007 (UTC)

3RR
Hi, you've been reported for a 3RR violation at Romanian Communist Party and have been blocked for 24 hours. Please take the time to review the policy carefully. Many thanks, SlimVirgin  (talk) (contribs) 12:01, 10 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Regarding your last post to the 3RR page, by all means explain here why you feel the first edit wasn't a revert. SlimVirgin  (talk) (contribs) 12:13, 10 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Because I was actually proposing a middle way, more precise than what Anonimu rejected. That was not a revert, but constructive editing. Dpotop 13:20, 10 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Indeed, that appears to be the case. Note the part "(as part of the BPD coalition)" in ; this does not appear in the supposed 'reverted to' version.  Consequently, there are only 3 true reverts by Dpotop. Digwuren 13:50, 10 July 2007 (UTC)

Please, insist that this be solved. Forcing blocks on other editors for own edit waring (the acitons of User:Anonimu) is not a thing that can be taken lightly. User:Slim Virgin has not responded yet. Could you, please, let me know if he/she does not in the near future. His/her reticence in answering are perfectly understandable, but imho the 3RR block must be cleared from your log, and at least a serious warning must be issued to Anonimu. Otherwise, it sets a serious precedent.:Dc76 10:19, 11 July 2007 (UTC)

 * First of all, thanks for your support, to Dc76, Digwuren, and I would also cite Turgidson which took position against Anonimu's vandalism on Talk:Romanian Communist Party.
 * Second, (to Dc76), I'm still blocked. Funny enough, just after the first block by SlimVirgin I still had the right to reply on the 3RR page. This is how I managed to place my short reply there, but then I was fully blocked by SlimVirgin (is this normal?). What can I say: I have already fought against vandals supported by admins, and I can tell you it's difficult. The only thing we can do is to report an incident on WP:ANI. There are several arguments here:
 * Edit warring by Anonimu against most others, and against sources. Refusal to accept compromise (NPOV).
 * The fact that I had only 3 reverts, not 4.
 * The behavior of SlimVirgin, which seems weird.
 * But I don't have time to do this alone (the real life takes its share...). Dpotop 10:31, 11 July 2007 (UTC)

Ok, let's still assume good faith from Slim Virgin. Maybe he/she did not have time to reply yet. I will post a message right away at his/her page. Your number of rv is irrelevant here, because you reverted obvious POV-pushing, and only other editor on that page would have done the same. It is the abuse of regulations by Anonimu to push POV against everyone and block editors trying to prevent his vandalism. :Dc76 10:38, 11 July 2007 (UTC)

 * You interrupted my second edit. :) I continue on Slim Virgin:
 * The behavior of SlimVirgin, which seems weird. He refused to review my innocence claim, and moreover blocked me from asking questions on the 3RR page. Finally, he discarded your comments (but then, all other admins did). This is why I suggested WP:ANI.
 * What can I say, the more I understand wikipedia editing, the less I feel like participating in it. Mainly because all the organized instances do not actually function as they are supposed to. The whole functions very well "on average", but if you try to clarify aspects at the limits you get all the time in edit conflicts that the administrators do not understand. There's also the problem related to "heavy editors" that can impose pretty much whatever they want. Of course, I cannot invest 12hours/day in wikipedia like Dahn does systematically. And again, this "power editor" problem is related to the fact that existing instances do not function. Take a look at the block log of Dahn to see how this functions. Dpotop 10:42, 11 July 2007 (UTC)
 * Oh, and I forgot: Wikipedia is not interesting to me if I cannot go into the details and limit cases. For the remaining cases, you always have a good encyclopedia. Dpotop 10:45, 11 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Sorry about edit conflict. According tothis, Slim Virgin seems to be in the California time zone. Now, it is 4 am there. Let's wait 6-8 more hours. I am pritty sure SlimVirgin will correct his/her error. I do not see any sign that he/she targetted you in any way. The way Anonimu tricked him/her is on record. Now, if SlimVirgin would not clear your block log and warn Anonimu, that would be a totally different issue. But the chance of that happening is very small, because a civilized user/admin will never want his/her reputation blackened by such a stupid incident. IMO, right now the incident is absolutely minor and IMHO you should forget about it once corrected. (I mean not to forget Anonimu's abuses, which are very serious, but the blocking incident.) Of course, there is the potential of the incident blowing up big time if the error is not corrected. But as I said, that is not probable, IMHO.

 * Sorry, I don't know how to look at block logs. All I see is this. I think we should separate between details and limit cases of WP articles and details and limit cases of WP polices and their enforcement. The latter has lots/tonns of problems. The former is only dependent on the availability of more interested and good faith editors, which will only rise with time. I disagree with Dahn on some of his edits, and perhaps on some political oppinions, but I do not see anything really mean from his side. So far I was able to attribute all his shorcomings to his not very friendly character. Yes, he has often outright dismissed other oppinions and edits, and never was the person to propose a compromise in a dispute, always considered that below his dignity. But these are character shortcomings, not intentionally doing bad. IMHO. Let me put it this way: if he was a girl, I'd never even consider dating her even if she looks like Angelina Jolie. But it doesn't mean that I cannot be coworker with such a person. :Dc76 11:21, 11 July 2007 (UTC)

 * For the block logs, I have a solution that is easy to remember: Take a look at the 3RR report of Anonimu. Then, click next to my name on "Block log". Finally, change the address in your web browser by replacing Dpotop with Dahn. :) Dpotop 11:46, 11 July 2007 (UTC)
 * As concerns wikipedia, you are absolutely right in saying that the rules are OK by themselves. The problem is that they don't function in those corner cases I was talking about. And here comes the Dahn example: I see no problem regarding him, but there is no way I can compel him to comply with the rules as other do, because the wikipedia mechanisms that should do this do not work. Dpotop 11:46, 11 July 2007 (UTC)
 * Oh I see, you mean some admins would give Dahn lesser blocks or cancel them after a few hours b/c Dahn edits articles appearing on DYK. Maybe one solution would be to hold to higher standard users that often edit articles featured on the main page, e.g. to make a committee of 3-4 admins that would only revue issues involving this group. And I mean to select this committe democratically and limit terms on it to 3 months, with no repeating terms ever possible. Aim: an edit war involving an edittor which currently contributes to the main page can have negative effect on the main page. Keeping cool when editting articles available on the main page is a must. Hence it would make sense to ask some editors: either you contribute to the main page, or take a brake from contributing to the main page and engage in edit warring. For example: "you can not contribute to the main page if in the last 360 hours you have engaged in any edit warring". The commette's aim would be to uphold this. Of course, this is just my stupid idea.
 * PS :Dc76 12:36, 11 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Wikipedia's rules are primarily developed by Americans, and suffer from a heavy US-ideology bias. As long as most contributors are of the same cultural space, it's no big deal — but it leaves them wide open for abuse by somebody believing into the Soviet notion of positive propaganda.  It's not as much a matter of "corner cases" as of the expectations of users differing from what the actual users are and do. Digwuren 02:52, 13 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Dpotop, I have not heard back from SlimVirgin (the admin who blocked you). If I were you, I'd insist the block-log to be cleared. She does not have to take any action against Anonimu, b/c Anonimu will definitevely do something like that again. In the long history of his disruptions, one more or one less are really of no importrance. But she can (and has moral obligation to) clear your name. :Dc76 14:24, 13 July 2007 (UTC)

I answered you here.:Dc76\talk 18:06, 27 July 2007 (UTC)

Romanians of Serbia
Romanians of Serbia--152.3.200.168 14:58, 13 August 2007 (UTC)

AfD
Hi Dpotop, this is regarding this AfD. I was astonished by your vote as I do think the article is totally and utterly unsalvageable, whether or not it is a precise translation of that on ro.wiki. To make things clear: I don't want to hide the wrongful acts Hungarians committed while the Second Vienna Award was in effect (or at any other time) and I believe none of the established Hungarian editors want to do so; indeed I would revert anyone who tries to remove sourced and unbiased accounts of such events. However, this article has no chance of becoming either, unless you replace it completely, title and content – in which case it is much easier to remove it entirely (thus avoiding having to explain sentence by sentence why it is unacceptable) and expand the already existing and much more correct stubs. Regards, KissL 16:25, 30 August 2007 (UTC)

Since I have been civil towards you, [ this] ad hominem comment is as unexpected as it is unwelcome. It is clear enough to me that Dahn and yourself dislike each other, but that doesn't help me understand what you think I did "just as wrong as Dahn did". Regarding the other claims: Please refrain from such comments in the future. Regards, KissL 15:22, 11 September 2007 (UTC)
 * I am not a seer so that I might know the outcome of an AfD in advance (nor do I think I am one).
 * I did not notify any one "picked" editor but left a note on the Eastern Europe noticeboard, and there only. If you believe I had a reason to think that people watching that page had a tendency of sharing my preference regarding the article more than the average interested editor, I would like to know your reasons for believing so. In return, I am willing to explain at any time why I think that those watching the Romanian Wikipedians' noticeboard may have a tendency of sharing your preference regarding that article more than the average interested editor. :)

Vandalism
Please stop. If you continue to vandalize Wikipedia, you will be blocked from editing. Please stop removing referenced material from the article without serious discussion on the article's talk page, because that is considered vandalism. Squash Racket 09:12, 21 September 2007 (UTC)

Roma emigrating to Romania from Serbia
I found another source on this discussion. Cheers, --Olahus 19:30, 6 October 2007 (UTC)

Re: Moldova
Yes, I am well aware, but thank you for the reminder. See here for a proposed strategy. Biruitorul 00:32, 20 October 2007 (UTC)
 * Well then bring it up to the talk page. ;) Also do you suggest to then use the same standard for Montenegro article? --PaxEquilibrium 12:35, 24 October 2007 (UTC)

Salut
Thanks for the welcome, I'm glad to talk to you again. TSO1D 15:26, 6 November 2007 (UTC)

so?
can I see a link with what are you having problems with?Nergaal (talk) 14:25, 22 November 2007 (UTC)
 * say thanks to anonimu for showing me which link was that.Nergaal (talk) 15:37, 22 November 2007 (UTC)

RfAr
Quite right, and thanks for the note. I posted a reply there. Biruitorul (talk) 22:44, 22 November 2007 (UTC)

Securitate
You might be interested in an article I have just created, List of Senior Securitate Officers (because I could not feet right away the info into Securitate). It might or it might not make sense to have a separate article. If you are interested, feel welcome to edit it/them., and to use these pictures: 100px|Teohari Georgescu , or any of the pictures on my user page (in fact I put them exactly so that people can use them in different articles). I'm not claiming they are very good. But they are better than nothing. :Dc76\talk 20:26, 23 November 2007 (UTC)

Crăciun
Un Crăciun şi un An Nou fericit!--MariusM (talk) 16:44, 24 December 2007 (UTC)

Merry Xmas
I wish you a very Merry Christmas and Happy New Year! -- R O   A M A  T  A A  | msg  18:03, 24 December 2007 (UTC)

Signature test
Dpotop (talk) 13:39, 4 January 2008 (UTC)

Can I ask your opinion about this, pls? :Dc76\talk 19:51, 25 February 2008 (UTC)

Thank you very much. Try to keep cool no matter what, this is not the first, nor the last of a kind. I would not, though, attribute it to just Russians, since there are many honest and good natured ones, even here at wikipedia. I wouldn't also attribute it to average Russian, since they don't care about issues like Moldova more than we care about, say issues like Moscow. It is a small group of pro-Soviet die-hards, many of them also xenophobic, that is and will always be the problem. There are many of those frustrated with their real state of affairs. Notice that the biggest problems never come from Russians from Russia, but from some of the Russophones from Ukraine, Belorussia, etc. ... because they feel frustration with the world around. Just like many of the early Romanian communist party activists. A sense of desinheritedness, and a total reluctance to integrate, if not even hate of their host countries. It is just a social phenomenon... :Dc76\talk 11:41, 26 February 2008 (UTC)

 * Have you been here: WikiProject Military history/Coordinators/February 2008 ? :Dc76\talk 15:42, 26 February 2008 (UTC)

Your recent edits
Hi there. In case you didn't know, when you add content to talk pages and Wikipedia pages that have open discussion, you should sign your posts by typing four tildes ( ~~~~ ) at the end of your comment. On many keyboards, the tilde is entered by holding the Shift key, and pressing the key with the tilde pictured. You may also click on the signature button located above the edit window. This will automatically insert a signature with your name and the time you posted the comment. This information is useful because other editors will be able to tell who said what, and when. Thank you! --SineBot (talk) 13:40, 4 January 2008 (UTC)

hutulii din bucovina si maramures
salutare. m-ai intrebat cum de sunt hutul si totusi romîn in documente. pai în romînia traiesc aproximativ 70 000 de ucraineni potrivit ultimului recensamînt, si mult mai multi in realitate (majoritatea nu se mai declara ucraineni, mai ales pt ca isi iau sotii / soti romîni ori de alte etnii), iar dintre acestia, majoritatea celor din judetele suceava si maramures sunt hutuli.

de ex. in liceu aveam alti 3 hutuli in clasa, doua fete si un baiat. toti trei vorbeau limba ucraineana (ma rog, dialectul hutul), insa din clasa doar eu eram declarat ucrainean la recensamînt

--Hultanu (talk) 13:03, 26 January 2008 (UTC)

POV in Edict of Turda
You recently added a POV claim to Edict of Turda. You have called the article propaganda, but have not indicated what you object to. Please be more specific. Elphion (talk) 07:40, 8 February 2008 (UTC)

I've edited the article significantly. Could you review it for neutrality? Thanks. Elphion (talk) 15:40, 11 February 2008 (UTC)

An immortal classic...
...of the early 1990s throughout the former USSR! It is an instruction for all Russian "guests": Suitcase, train station, Russia!
 * I hear that, during that time, if you ask someone in the Baltic countries for directions in Russian (to anywhere) they'd politely and accurately describe the way to the nearest train station. :-) --Illythr (talk) 15:00, 21 February 2008 (UTC)
 * Can't help you there - I'm not much into newspapers. All I can say is that such a statistic certainly exists, but I have no idea where to find it... --Illythr (talk) 15:56, 22 February 2008 (UTC)

Xasha
Is Xasha Moldopudo?90 1 AQ (talk) 05:00, 7 March 2008 (UTC)

Whoa, man, calm down. This really isn't worth the nerve tissue you waste there. Going emotional won't help any. I intend to talk to him so that he can outline his position more clearly. Then it can be constructively criticized, if need be. --Illythr (talk) 11:40, 7 March 2008 (UTC)

I'll take a look when the matter settles down a little - it seems these wars regularly flare up, which is unfortunate. By the way, your question inadvertently led to this, so perhaps you could weigh in on the matter. Biruitorul (talk) 04:43, 8 March 2008 (UTC)

Notice of editing restrictions
Notice: Under the terms of Requests for arbitration/Digwuren, any editor working on topics related to Eastern Europe, broadly defined, may be made subject to an editing restriction at the discretion of any uninvolved administrator. Should the editor make any edits which are judged by an administrator to be uncivil, personal attacks, or assumptions of bad faith, he or she may be blocked for up to a week for each violation, and up to a month for each violation after the fifth. This restriction is effective on any editor following notice placed on his or her talk page. This notice is now given to you, and future violations of the provisions of this warning are subject to blocking.

Note: This notice is not effective unless given by an administrator and logged here.

Accordingly, you are hereby restricted to one revert per two days for two weeks on all related articles. Any incivility on the talk page, and you will be banned from there, and the article, for a period of two days. If you wish to appeal this, please do so before other admins or the Arbitration Committee, rather than copy&paste comments across multiple pages (please exercise restraint on this front, especially). Thanks. El_C 11:42, 7 March 2008 (UTC)
 * Um, I think Macedonia is a ways southwest from the actual place... --Illythr (talk) 11:46, 7 March 2008 (UTC)
 * The AC was the one who chose to use the above template, please direct any such concerns to them. El_C 11:50, 7 March 2008 (UTC)
 * It's rather confusing, since this user never made any contributions to Macedonia (at least not within a year's notice). And Moldova (which I understand is the cause) is not part of the Balkans either. --Illythr (talk) 12:06, 7 March 2008 (UTC)
 * Oh, I see what you mean now. I seem to have copied the wrong template by accident. All fixed now. Thanks for the pointer. El_C 12:13, 7 March 2008 (UTC)

WikiProject Moldova
It's up and running, please join! Chris (クリス • フィッチ) (talk) 02:01, 25 March 2008 (UTC)

Join the new Moldovan Wines project !
Hello, probably you will be interested in development of the Moldovan Wine articles. If yes, I am pleased to invite you to join it on the Project:MoldovanWines project page. Best regards, --serhio talk 17:03, 19 May 2008 (UTC)

History of the Moldovan language merge
Based on the discussion in this article's talk page, I made a proposal and gave its rationale. You are receiving this standard message because during the last 12 months you have editted either this article or its talk page, or both. Dc76\talk 01:00, 9 November 2008 (UTC)

Weber
Nice to see you around here. Since I know you're a fan of Romanian civil society, I'm sure you'll enjoy this article! ;) - Biruitorul Talk 06:28, 11 April 2009 (UTC)
 * No, nothing specific I know about her, just one of those annoying civil society "types". Also, the biography is written by her press officer. - Biruitorul Talk 16:52, 11 April 2009 (UTC)
 * I actually just noticed that stuff at flux.md . Roşca left the reservation some time ago, but this was striking even from him. He was pretty promising ca. 1989-91, but clearly his time is long past, and he probably knows it. (Well, almost certainly, given his dismal electoral results.) - Biruitorul Talk 20:47, 12 April 2009 (UTC)

WikiProject Dacia
Bună! I've been working to set up the WikiProject Dacia to organize better the articles about Dacia and improve their quality. We need help expanding and reviewing many articles, and we also need more images. Maybe you find it interesting and wish to join. Thanks and best regards! --Codrin.B (talk) 21:52, 13 January 2011 (UTC)

WikiProject Romania
--Codrin.B (talk) 04:07, 21 January 2012 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 13:09, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
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title: User talk:Dpotop