text:
Cavendish House

Cavendish House was Cheltenham's oldest department store (established in 1823), located on The Promenade. Its establishment was of great significance for Cheltenham's future reputation as a leading shopping centre. Known as 'Cavendish House' from its early days, its name was officially adopted with the registration of a limited liability company in 1883. The store became part of the House of Fraser group in 1970. The store closed in April 2024, after 201 years.

Early history
In December 1813, Thomas Clark, who was the owner of a small drapery shop at 44 Wigmore Street, close to Cavendish Square, London, England, assumed William Debenham as an equal partner, and thereafter the firm traded as Clark & Debenham. The shop was later renamed Cavendish House and carried drapery, silks, haberdashery, millinery, hosiery, lace and family mourning goods. As the trade grew, the partners determined to expand the business by opening provincial branches in Cheltenham, Gloucestershire, England, and Harrogate, Yorkshire, England.

By 1823, Clark & Debenham had opened a small drapery business at 3 Promenade Rooms, Cheltenham, selling a selection of silks, muslins, shawls, gloves, lace and fancy goods. The new shop flourished. In 1837, Clark retired from the business and Debenham assumed two of his most trusted staff, William Pooley and John Smith, as partners, trading in both London and Cheltenham as Debenham, Pooley & Smith. By 1840, the management of the Cheltenham branch appears to have been given to Clement Freebody, Debenham's brother-in-law. Around 1843, another branch shop was launched in Harrogate.

Extended and refurbished premises opened in Cheltenham in October 1844. Pooley and Smith retired from the business in 1851 when Debenham took his son, William, and Clement Freebody into partnership, trading as Debenham, Son & Freebody. By 1872, the store occupied a very large site, stretching from the Promenade to Regent Street, with showrooms offering more than twenty departments and extensive workrooms to the rear. At this time all three shops in London, Cheltenham and Harrogate were trading in similar goods and issued a joint catalogue, called the Fashion Book, that was the basis of an extensive mail-order trade. In 1876 when Freebody retired, a new partnership, Debenham & Hewitt, was formed. George Hewitt appears to have worked at the Cheltenham store as a draper's assistant during the early 1860s but details of his subsequent career are not known. By 1883, George Hewitt was the sole owner of the Cheltenham business, Frank and William Debenham having withdrawn to manage the London store as a separate concern.

Post Debenhams history
In July 1883 Cavendish House Ltd was registered as a limited liability company to acquire the Cheltenham business with a capital of £35,000. George Hewitt, chairman of the new company, took most of the shares and the remainder were largely split between John Cooper, an accountant and secretary of the company, Charles Williams, manager of the general departments, and Albert Chapman Nicholls, manager of the furnishing section (and father of singer Agnes Nicholls). In 1888, upon Hewitt's retirement, the first company was liquidated and reconstructed as Cavendish House Ltd, a public company with a capital of £85,000. J C Griffith became chairman and John Cooper, Charles Williams and Albert Nichols initially remained managing directors. Both Hewitt and Debenham had modest shareholdings which were gradually sold off over the following years.

By 1890, the store had a floor space of 20,000 square feet. The capital provided by the public flotation of the business allowed the implementation of an extensive refurbishment programme. In 1891, a new frontage of plate glass, with a frieze of richly coloured leaded windows, was erected, and, in 1898, electric lighting was installed throughout the store. In 1903, Brunswick House, a silk mercery business established in 1851 by William Thomson Smith at 3 Promenade Villas, Cheltenham was purchased on favourable terms. The acquisition was financed by the issue, in November 1903, of £20,000 of debentures. During 1904, the company also purchased 56 Regent Street, London, which was used for the bedding department. In 1920, a gentlemen's outfitter and music shop were acquired with capital raised by the issue of a further £30,000 of debentures, and, in 1928, a site in Regent's Mews, formerly a livery stable, was acquired and opened as showrooms.

In July 1928, the company was taken over by Standard Industrial Trust, Broad Street Place, London, which also owned Morgan Squire Ltd, department store, Leicester, England. In 1931, the Cheltenham premises were entirely refurbished, creating a large store of over 163,000 square feet, with the current 287-foot frontage on the Promenade. (Obvious typo for 1837, see above, In 1951, Cavendish House bought Cheltenham drapers Ayris Ltd, also based on the Promenade. In 1957, the company opened a branch store in Oxford Street, London, but it proved impossible to manage effectively from a distance and the venture was closed within three months. In 1961, a controlling interest in both Cavendish House Co Ltd and Morgan Squire Ltd was acquired by Swears & Wells Ltd (1926), a London-based company specialising in the development and sale of retail space. The following year, the Cavendish House Co Ltd shares again changed hands passing to JJ Allen Ltd, department store group based in Bournemouth, England. In 1970, J J Allen Ltd was acquired by House of Fraser plc. At some time, Cavendish House had opened a store in Bath, which in 1975 was transferred to another House of Fraser group business Jolly & Son.

Closure
In January 2024 the closure of the store was announced. The store closed on 11 April 2024.

title: Cavendish House


text:
Écorcheurs

The écorcheurs (, lit. "flayers") were armed bands who desolated France in the reign of Charles VII, stripping their victims of everything, often to their very clothes.

They were mercenaries without employment since the Treaty of Arras which ended disputes between the Armagnacs and Burgundians in 1435. Rodrigo de Villandrando was known as the "Emperor of Pillagers" (empereur des brigands) and "L'Écorcheur" (the flayer).

History
From the mid-14th century the French royal forces, whether voluntary or semoncées, had become institutionalized. The permanence of conflicts during the Hundred Years War (1337-1453) had created career soldiers, paid by the king or nobles. These were not mercenaries, as their vassals and clientelistic ties remained parallel to their economic interest in war. During times of peace or truce, these unemployed warriors gathered in bands and lived on pillage and ransoms. In the 14th century, after the Peace of Brétigny-Calais (1360), large armies of mercenaries armies were disbanded, on occasion without receiving their pay.

Those who did not have the financial means to go home or wanted to continue their martial lifestyle, which was highly profitable, then formed autonomous bands of the road which exerted pressure on the regions of France. These were the great companies (not be confused with the grandes companies, which are rather the result of political instability in fifteenth century France and were mercenaries in the strict sense).

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Écorcheurs


text:
Jump list

Jump list may refer to:

 * Jump lists, menu options available on taskbar icons in Microsoft Windows
 * Skip list, a probabilistic data structure

title: Jump list


text: File:Paveway III laser guided bomb.jpg

title: File:Paveway III laser guided bomb.jpg


text:
Talk:Albany Choppers

There is a list of Defunct Professional Sports Teams on the Albany, NY article. It doesn't include the Choppers, but it should.

title: Talk:Albany Choppers


text:
City of Ryde

The City of Ryde is a local government area in the Northern Sydney region, in New South Wales, Australia. It was first established as the Municipal District of Ryde in 1870, became a municipality in 1906 and was proclaimed as the City of Ryde in 1992.

The local government area extends from the Parramatta River to the Lane Cove River which encircles the area in the north, and is bounded in the east by the peninsula of Hunters Hill and the City of Parramatta in the west. The City comprises an area of 40.651 km2 and as at the had an estimated population of 129,123.

The mayor of the City of Ryde since 28 March 2024 is Councillor Trenton Brown, a member of the Liberal Party.

Suburbs and localities in the local government area
The following suburbs and localities are within the City of Ryde:

 * Chatswood West (shared with City of Willoughby)
 * Denistone
 * Denistone East
 * Denistone West
 * East Ryde
 * Eastwood (shared with City of Parramatta Council)
 * Gladesville (shared with Municipality of Hunter's Hill)
 * Macquarie Centre
 * Macquarie Park
 * Macquarie University campus
 * Marsfield
 * Meadowbank
 * Melrose Park (shared with City of Parramatta Council)
 * North Ryde
 * Putney
 * Ryde
 * Tennyson Point
 * Top Ryde
 * West Ryde

Heritage listings
The City of Ryde has a number of heritage-listed sites, including:
 * Denistone, 1-13 Pennant Avenue: The Hermitage
 * Eastwood, Marsden Road: Brush Farm
 * Gladesville, 144 Ryde Road: Gladesville Drill Hall
 * Ryde, 782 Victoria Road: Willandra, Ryde
 * Ryde, 808-810 Victoria Road: Ryde police station
 * Ryde, 813 Victoria Road: Addington House
 * Ryde, 817 Victoria Road: The Retreat, Ryde
 * West Ryde, 135 Marsden Road: Riverview House, West Ryde
 * West Ryde, Victoria Road: Ryde Pumping Station

Demographics
At the, there were 129,123 people in the Ryde local government area, of these 48.8% identified as male and 51.2% identified as female. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people made up 0.5% of the population. The median age of people in the City of Ryde was 37 years. Children aged 0 – 14 years made up 16.2% of the population and people aged 65 years and over made up 14.3% of the population. Of people in the area aged 15 years and over, 51% were married and 8.3% were either divorced or separated.

Population growth in the City of Ryde between the 2006 Census and the 2011 Census was 6.28%, and in the subsequent five years to the 2016 Census, population growth was 12.87%. When compared with total population growth of Australia of 8.81% during the same period, population growth in the Ryde local government area was approximately 50% higher than the national average. The median weekly income for residents within the City of Ryde was around 25% above the national average. At the 2021 Census, the Ryde local government area was linguistically diverse, with a significantly higher than average proportion (55.3%) where two or more languages are spoken (the national average was 24.8%); and a significantly lower proportion (46.3%) where English only was spoken at home (national average was 72.0%).

Current composition and election method
The City of Ryde is composed of twelve councillors elected proportionally as three separate wards, each electing four councillors. All councillors are elected for a fixed four-year term of office. The mayor is elected by the councillors for a two-year term at the first meeting of the council. The most recent election was held on 4 December 2021. The makeup of the council is as follows:

The current Council, elected in 2021, in order of election by ward, is:

Referendum on the position of mayor
A referendum was also undertaken at the election held on 4 December 2021, asking residents the following question: "Do you support a popularly elected Mayor where the voters of the City of Ryde elect the Mayor for a four (4) year term, thereby adopting a thirteen (13) Councillor model (including the Mayor)?". The final declared results were: 76.18% YES and 23.82% NO. As a result, the position of mayor will be directly elected from the next local government elections scheduled for 2024.

Council history
In June 1870, 201 residents of the district of Ryde sent a petition to the governor, requesting the incorporation of the "Municipal District of Ryde". This resulted in the municipality being formally proclaimed on 11 November 1870. With a total land area of 40.6 square kilometres, Ryde was the largest Sydney municipality. However, due to an error in the proclamation regarding the western boundary, a new proclamation was made on 11 June 1872.

In June 1894 the northern section of the municipality known as Marsfield, was proclaimed as the "Municipal District of Marsfield". In 1907, Marsfield became known as the Municipality of Eastwood, and lasted until it was re-amalgamated with Ryde following the passing of the Local Government (Areas) Act 1948.

With the passing of the Local Government Act 1906, the council name was changed to be the "Municipality of Ryde". The City of Ryde was proclaimed by the Governor, Peter Sinclair, on 20 September 1991, and with the passing of the Local Government Act 1993, aldermen were also retitled councillors and the town clerk became the general manager.

A 2015 review of local government boundaries by the NSW Government Independent Pricing and Regulatory Tribunal recommended that the City of Ryde merge with adjoining councils. The government proposed a merger of the Hunter's Hill, Lane Cove and Ryde Councils to form a new council with an area of 57 km2 and support a population of approximately 164,000. In July 2017, the Berejiklian government decided to abandon the forced merger of the Hunter's Hill, Lane Cove and Ryde local government areas, along with several other proposed forced mergers.

International relations

 * Stepanakert, Republic of Artsakh: The City of Ryde established a Friendship Declaration with Stepanakert, the capital of the partially-recognised Republic of Artsakh on 23 July 2019.
 * 🇬🇧 Ryde, Isle of Wight

title: City of Ryde


text:
Talk:History of Queensland/to do

 * Fill in anything else of significance, especially in the 20th century, including drought from 1991 - 1995, major cyclones, floods and other disasters
 * summarise back into History section of Queensland
 * find references and make citations

title: Talk:History of Queensland/to do


text:
Talk:City of Ryde

Separate page for the Local Government Area
As per discussion at Talk:List of Sydney suburbs, I have created a separate page for the City of Ryde, the Local Government Area. -- Ianblair23 12:57, 30 August 2005 (UTC)

Cleaning suburbs in LGAs to remove redlinks
Hi, Can people who know or care about this LGA please have a look at this message and see if they can please help solve any of the 8 redlinks in the "suburbs in this LGA" section of this page? (Usually solution is either to add a stub about the suburb / locality in question, or to remove it from the LGA's list). -- All the best, Nickj (t) 04:22, 23 January 2006 (UTC)

Macquarie Centre
This is not a suburb. It is a shopping centre with a post office (ie people can post stuff to PO Box 123 Macquarie Centre 2113). This, however, does not make it a suburb. Macquarie Centre is located in Macquarie Park...simpleDankru 10:05, 6 February 2006 (UTC)
 * Thank you for cleaning up the list of suburbs, and I'm sure that you're right about the Macquarie Shopping Centre. -- All the best, Nickj (t) 23:17, 6 February 2006 (UTC)
 * No probs. Whoever put together the list of "suburbs" was really uninformed. Many of them are clearly roads/streets.Dankru 14:03, 11 February 2006 (UTC)
 * Truth revealed at Talk:List_of_Sydney_suburbs... -- All the best, Nickj (t) 23:08, 12 February 2006 (UTC)

Infobox Update
This page has had its infobox updated to Infobox Australian Place. This update has been automatically preformed by TheJoshBot. Please be aware that poorly filled templates can have infomation lost in the transition that is unknown to the bot. Check the page history for more infomation. The following infomation has been lost in the transition, and will need to be converted to the document prose:

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Orphaned references in City of Ryde
I check pages listed in Category:Pages with incorrect ref formatting to try to fix reference errors. One of the things I do is look for content for orphaned references in wikilinked articles. I have found content for some of City of Ryde's orphans, the problem is that I found more than one version. I can't determine which (if any) is correct for this article, so I am asking for a sentient editor to look it over and copy the correct ref content into this article.

Reference named "Census2021": From City of Parramatta:  From Municipality of Woollahra:  From Municipality of Strathfield: ABS - QuickStats 2021 - Strathfield (LGA) From City of Cessnock:  From Waverley Council:  From Wollondilly Shire:  From North Sydney Council:  From Norfolk Island Regional Council:

From City of Sydney:

From City of Lake Macquarie:

From City of Lithgow:

From Northern Beaches Council:

From Camden Council (New South Wales):

I apologize if any of the above are effectively identical; I am just a simple computer program, so I can't determine whether minor differences are significant or not. Feel free to remove this comment after fixing the refs. AnomieBOT ⚡ 06:33, 13 July 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:City of Ryde


text:
Talk:History of Queensland

Untitled
Q: why does Pauline Hanson have such a large entry in this page considering she and her party are only a very minor part of Queensland's history.

124.168.195.40 (talk) 16:40, 4 March 2009 (UTC)

A Lot of Work Needed
This article needs a lot of work. I have never seen bullet points used like this elsewhere in Wikipedia.--Jack Upland (talk) 23:50, 7 January 2011 (UTC)

The entry does seem rather sketchy. A History of Queensland by Raymond Evans Cambridge University Press is a good source to inform revision of this article. I'll have a look at it --Robertwhyteus (talk) 03:30, 12 April 2011 (UTC)

Poor article
This is a very poor article. Intelligent Mr Toad (talk) 03:43, 26 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Why? Figaro (talk) 07:27, 26 February 2015 (UTC)

External links modified
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Any interest in having a group crack at this?
I noticed Kerry's addition of World War I, as the article lacked any mention of it, and boy, could this article use some work as a whole. There are some enormous gaps here, and the whole thing kind of reads like a motley bunch of things someone remembered should probably be in there at some point. I wouldn't mind diving in and having a crack at parts of it if anyone else was interested in tackling it with me? The Drover's Wife (talk) 05:36, 20 January 2016 (UTC)
 * Before you get too keen, take a look at similar articles for the other states. Just taking WW1 as an example, it's not just Queensland's history article that didn't mention it. A couple admit it happened and they sent troops (nobody died though). In NSW, the only mention of WW1 is that it caused a dispute within the ALP. I think the whole thing needs a framework of the kind of topics to cover, as well as some thought on how to handle History of Australia vs History of SomeState vs History of SomeTown, so that each article is complete in itself but doesn't needlessly repeat content between them. Just at the moment, I'm not up for it for that particular challenge. I still have hundreds of QHR properties to go ... Kerry (talk) 07:52, 20 January 2016 (UTC)

Assessment comment
Substituted at 18:00, 29 April 2016 (UTC)

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Australia and the Empire/The Moral of Queensland Imbroglio
Someone may be interested in reading and adding some of the information from this essay into the article. — billinghurst  sDrewth  06:35, 21 September 2017 (UTC)

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title: Talk:History of Queensland


text: Template:Caves around Mumbai

title: Template:Caves around Mumbai


text:
Talk:Bács-Bodrog County

Demographics
The demographics section has been expanded by an anonymous user with some rather negative remarks about Hungarian rule in the area. If I compare this to what's written in the Bačka article (which is about the same area), there are striking differences. For instance, "Bács-Bodrog" says that Serbs were expelled in the 18th century, whereas "Bačka" says that the area, largely depopulated because of the wars with the Turks, was repopulated in the 18th century with Serbs, Hungarians and Germans. Is it true that non-catholics were forced out of Hungary then? I can't believe that. And these remarks about proselytism and persecution, I'd like to see some unbiased proof of that. Markussep 12:58, 30 August 2005 (UTC)

Well, the Bács-Bodrog article do not say that Serbs were expelled from Bačka in the 18th century. It say that "many Serbs were forced to move out". "Many" does not mean "all". It is correct that many Serbs left from Bačka after 1751 and moved to Russia (notably to Nova Serbia and Slavo-Serbia). In 1751, the part of Military Frontier located in Bačka was abolished. Serbs who lived there did not want to became peasants and to lost their military privileges, so they migrated to Russia. That was the main reason for their emigration (I am not sure for the religious persecutions). The emigration of Serbs mostly affected the part of Bačka, which belonged to Military Frontier before 1751. Of course, besides this emigration, there also was a immigration of other Serbs in Bačka during the 18th century. The articles about Bács-Bodrog and Bačka does not contradict each other, but both speak only one part of the story. User:PANONIAN

 * Maybe you could add this to both articles? The Military Frontier era is also completely absent from both articles now. Markussep 19:51, 30 August 2005 (UTC)

Ok, I will do that, but only after a few days. I am pretty busy with other things right now. User:PANONIAN

I changed the article now and removed the part which claim that Serbs were persecuted because of their religion. According to information I have, Serbs had their religious privileges within Habsburg Empire between 1690 and 1912. User:PANONIAN

Territorial size
The Square and the text give different informations on the population in 1910: the text says over 11,000; whereas the table states just a little over 10,000... both from the year of 1910? --PaxEquilibrium 11:28, 15 November 2006 (UTC)

 * Dough! - I was referring to territorial size... --PaxEquilibrium 18:47, 15 November 2006 (UTC)

I checked some sources:
 * says 10,362 in 1913
 * says 10,362 in 1910
 * says 11,079, no date given, but I think it's from the 1880s.
 * says 10,362 before 1920
 * says 11,080 in 1881.

When I compare the maps (source 1 and 2 vs. source 3), I see no significant differences. Strange. Markussep 19:18, 15 November 2006 (UTC)

 * But again there are no different results for the same year (1910), right? --PaxEquilibrium 17:12, 16 November 2006 (UTC)

 * That's right, I think 10,362 is the correct number for 1910 then. Still I'm puzzled that the 1880s and 1910 areas are different, although they look the same on maps. Markussep 18:32, 16 November 2006 (UTC)

1751?
Someone mentioned a change in 1751? Bacs was part of Military Frontier up to then? Wha..? --PaxEquilibrium 18:56, 15 November 2006 (UTC)

 * The eastern part of Bačka was part of Military Frontier before 1751. After frontier was abolished, this area was also included into this county. PANONIAN   (talk)  02:36, 16 November 2006 (UTC)

 * But... the Military Frontier was abolished in the 19th century..? --PaxEquilibrium 16:59, 16 November 2006 (UTC)

 * I have no primary sources for this, but I think only the southeasternmost part of Bačka (Šajkaška) was part of the Military Frontier until it was abolished in the 1870s. Before 1751 probably a larger part of Bačka belonged to it. Markussep 18:30, 16 November 2006 (UTC)

 * Military Frontier had different borders in different time periods. Different parts of the Military Frontier were abolished in different time periods and the last part was abolished in 1882. Problem is that article about Military Frontier do not mention two parts of the Frontier that existed in the first half of the 18th century: 1. Danube Frontier that included southern Bačka (including Novi Sad, Bačka Palanka, Bački Petrovac, Titel, etc) and northern Srem (including Petrovaradin, Šid, etc) and 2. Tisa-Mures Frontier that included north-eastern Bačka (including Bečej, Senta, Subotica, Sombor, etc) and Pomorišje (including settlements on the north bank of the river Mures). Most of the parts of these two sections of the frontier were put to civil administration in the middle of the 18th century, while other parts were merged into still-existing sections of the Frontier. The article about Military Frontier should be certainly expanded to mention all this. PANONIAN   (talk)  01:46, 17 November 2006 (UTC)

 * I expanded now article about Military Frontier, so you have there a detailed description of the former sections of the frontier: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military_Frontier#Divisions PANONIAN   (talk)  02:48, 17 November 2006 (UTC)

title: Talk:Bács-Bodrog County


text:
Gravelotte (disambiguation)

Gravelotte is a village and commune in the Moselle département, in France.

Gravelotte may also refer to:

 * Gravelotte, Limpopo, in South Africa
 * Eugène-Henri Gravelotte (1876-1939), a French fencer

title: Gravelotte (disambiguation)


text:
Patrick Tse

Patrick Tse Yin (born Tse Ka-yuk; 9 August 1936) is a Hong Kong actor, producer, screenwriter and director in Hong Kong cinema.

Biography
Patrick Tse began his acting career in the 1950s and remained active for the next 40 years. He is a versatile and popular actor, usually playing the leading male roles.

Tse worked briefly as writer, director and producer in the 1970s:

 * If Tomorrow Comes (1973) as producer/director
 * Madness of Love (1972) as director
 * One Year's Fantasy (1974) as writer/director
 * Love in Cubicle (1974) as writer/director
 * Farewell Dearest (1974) as director
 * The Splendid Love in Winter (1974) as writer/director
 * Love in Hawaii (1976) as producer/director
 * Confused Love (1977) as director

He stopped acting in the 1990s after immigrating to Canada, but returned to acting in 1999.

In 2022, Tse won his first ever Best Actor award from the Hong Kong Film Critics Society for the movie Time.

Films
This is a partial list of films.

Personal life
In 1974, Tse married Zhen Zhen, a Beijing-born Taiwanese actress, but they divorced in 1978.

Tse's second wife was Deborah Lee, a Hong Kong actress. They have two children, Hong Kong actor-singer Nicholas Tse and actress and model Jennifer Tse. Tse and his family lived in Vancouver after his retirement from acting, but his family has since returned to Hong Kong. In 1996, Tse divorced Deborah Lee. In 2005, Tse's girlfriend is Coco, Shanghai girl who is 49 years his junior. Tse and Coco previously broke up in late 2017 and had since got back together again in late 2018.

title: Patrick Tse


text:
Category:Caves around Mumbai

The Indian city of Mumbai has had many Buddhist and Hindu caves within its city limits. The most famous of these are the Elephanta Caves, a World Heritage Site.

title: Category:Caves around Mumbai


text:
Alan Sharp

Alan Sharp (12 January 1934 – 8 February 2013) was a Scottish novelist and screenwriter. He published two novels in the 1960s, and subsequently wrote the screenplays for about twenty films, mostly produced in the United States.

According to one obituary, "his best-known narratives created and then disassembled audience expectations about all the usual Hollywood verities, especially the triumph of justice, love and friendship."

Early life
Sharp was raised in Greenock, Scotland, the son of a single mother, and he was adopted at the age of six weeks by Margaret and Joseph Sharp, a shipyard worker. His adoptive parents belonged to a Salvation Army church.

Alan left school at 14 to apprentice in the yards, the first of a long series of odd jobs. He also worked as assistant to a private detective, as an English teacher in Germany, construction laborer, dishwasher, night switchboard operator for a burglar alarm firm, packer for a carpet company, and had a role at IBM. From 1952 to 1954, he did his National Service.

When he left the army he returned to Greenock, got married and intended to train as a teacher. However, when his college grant arrived, he gave the money to his wife and left for Germany. He then relocated to London with the intention of becoming a writer.

Career
One of Sharp's screenplays was broadcast on British television in 1963, and his play A Knight in Tarnished Armour, based on his time on the docks, was broadcast in 1965.

His first novel, A Green Tree in Gedde, was published in 1965 to acclaim and won the 1967 Scottish Arts Council Award. It was banned in Scotland for a time due to its sexual content.

It was the first part of a proposed trilogy, and Sharp published the second novel, The Wind Shifts, in 1967. The third novel, which had the working title The Apple Pickers, was left incomplete when Sharp emigrated to Hollywood and focused on screenwriting.

Sharp married for a second time and also had a relationship with the novelist Beryl Bainbridge, with whom he had a daughter, Ruth. Bainbridge later said, "He showed up for Rudi's birth, but then went downstairs saying he was going to get a book out of the car and never came back."

Screenwriting
When Sharp moved to Hollywood, he said he was interested in writing detective and Western films. "They satisfied some requirements of detachment from personal content and yet allowed me to write about themes that interested me," he said.

He wrote The Last Run, which he called "an attempt to use the melodramatic crime chase to deal with whatever the hero's preoccupations might be." He then wrote a series of Westerns, such as Ulzana's Raid and Billy Two Hats. He called Night Moves "an attempt to use the classic detective format, the private eye, and then set him in a landscape in which he was unable to solve the case."

TV movies
From the 1980s, most of Sharp's screenplays were for American television productions. His 1993 television screenplay (with Walter Klenhard) for The Last Hit was nominated for the Edgar Allan Poe Award (best TV feature or miniseries). His feature film projects included The Osterman Weekend (Sam Peckinpah's swan song in 1982), Rob Roy (1995), and Dean Spanley (2008).

He lived for a number of years in New Zealand on Kawau Island, but moved back to Scotland in 2000. In 1996, Peter Broughan announced that he and Sharp would be making two further feature films together, Vain Glory about Christopher Marlowe and Confessions of a Justified Sinner; neither was made. Nor was a film Sharp wrote about Scottish poet Robert Burns.

Personal life
The actress Rudi Davies is the daughter of Sharp and novelist Beryl Bainbridge, who used Sharp as the inspiration for the main character in the novel Sweet William (1975). Sharp was also one inspiration for Sometimes She'll Dance, by Brian Pendreigh, originally published as a short story in 2012 and used in a revised form as the concluding part of his critically acclaimed novel The Man in the Seventh Row and Related Stories of the Human Condition in 2020.

A second daughter, Rachel Minnie Sharp, also briefly an actress, was married to Luke Perry.

Sharp was survived by his fourth wife, Harriet Sharp, and a total of six children, two stepsons and 14 grandchildren, including professional wrestler Jack Perry.

Reception
According to one obituary of Sharp, "He never quite became a household name. He had a life and a lifestyle he enjoyed and that seemed to be enough. He had a huge talent, but sometimes seemed to lack ambition, or was reluctant to commit himself or seemed afflicted with doubt about his own abilities, dismissing his work as 'pastiche'."

In the 1970s, six of Sharp's screenplays became high-profile Hollywood feature films, most of them dealing with quintessentially American themes and characters. Walter Chaw writes of Sharp's screenplays from this period, "On the strength of his scripts for The Hired Hand, Ulzana's Raid, and Night Moves, Scottish novelist Alan Sharp seems well at home with the better-known, more highly regarded writers and directors of the New American Cinema. Sharp's screenplays are marked by a narrative complexity and situations gravid with implication and doom."

Trevor Johnston has written that "There's an argument to suggest that a certain seventysomething Scot could well be Britain's greatest living screenwriter. Much is made of pre-Star Wars '70s Hollywood as a kind of celluloid golden age, and Alan Sharp was there in the thick of it, working with the very best, generating the sort of track record few British screenwriters are likely to match."

David N. Meyer has incorporated an appreciation of Sharp's writing in his review of Night Moves (directed by Arthur Penn in 1975). Following a description of an important seduction scene from the film, Meyer adds: "These delicious, poisonous moments – these cookies full of arsenic – come courtesy of Alan Sharp's venomous, entrapping, perfectly circular screenplay. It's hard not to regard him – rather than Penn – as the engine of Night Moves' enduring power. Sharp had an unbroken forty year career writing features and television."

Quentin Curtis called the screenplay for Rob Roy "one of the best screenplays in the last decade".

Archives
Following Sharp's death, his friend Brian Cox requested that his widow Harriet gather his papers together. She herself died before these could be collected in New Zealand, but Sharp's papers are now held by Archive Services at the University of Dundee. The collection includes original screenplays, unpublished works and personal and professional correspondence.

Selected credits

 * First Night – episode "Funny Noises with Their Mouths" (1963) – writer – starred Michael Caine, Ian McShane
 * The Wednesday Play – episode "A Knight in Tarnished Armour" (1965) – writer
 * Double Image – episode "Home and Away" (1966) – writer
 * ITV Playhouse – episode "A Sound from the Sea" (1970) – writer
 * Play for Today – episode "The Long Distance Piano Player" (1970) – writer
 * The Last Run (1971) – writer
 * The Hired Hand (1971) – writer
 * Ulzana's Raid (1972) – writer, associate producer
 * Billy Two Hats (1974) – writer
 * Night Moves (1975) – writer
 * Damnation Alley (1977) – writer
 * Coming Out of the Ice (1982) – writer
 * The Year of Living Dangerously (1982) – writer (uncredited)
 * The Osterman Weekend (1983) – writer
 * Little Treasure (1985) – writer, director
 * The Edge (1989) – writer
 * Love and Lies (1990) – writer
 * Descending Angel (1990) – writer
 * Mission of the Shark: The Saga of the U.S.S. Indianapolis (1991) – writer
 * The Last Hit (1993) – writer
 * Betrayed by Love (1994) – writer
 * Rob Roy (1995) – writer
 * Little Girl Fly Away (1998) – writer
 * Lathe of Heaven (2002) – writer
 * Reversible Errors (2004) – writer
 * While I Was Gone (2004) – writer
 * Avenger (2006) – writer
 * Nightmares & Dreamscapes: From the Stories of Stephen King – episode "The Fifth Quarter" (2006)
 * My Talks with Dean Spanley (2008) – writer, executive producer
 * Ben Hur (2010) – writer

title: Alan Sharp


text:
Oron

Oron may refer to: "Light" or someone that is "being able" or "capable" of doing anything posible or impossible.
 * Oron people a multi ethnic group of people living In the lower Cross River basin.
 * Oron Nation, one of the major states in the old Calabar Kingdom, Nigeria
 * Oron District, Switzerland
 * Oron, Vaud, Switzerland. Created in 2012 it includes the former municipalities of:
 * Oron-la-Ville, Switzerland
 * Oron-le-Châtel, Switzerland
 * Oron, Moselle, France
 * Oron, Akwa Ibom, a city and local government area in Akwa Ibom State
 * Oron language, of Nigeria known as Oro
 * Oron people, a people from Akwa Ibom State in Nigeria
 * Oron, Israel, an industrial zone in Israel
 * Lake Oron, Bodaybo District, Russia
 * The largest of the Kapylyushi lakes, Baunt District, Russia
 * The Hebrew name for Uranus

People with the surname

 * Haim Oron, Israeli politician

People with the first name

 * Oron Shagrir, Israeli philosopher

title: Oron


text:
User talk:Alfredmozer

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia! We welcome and appreciate your contributions, such as Political Situation Morrocco, but we cannot accept copyrighted text or images borrowed from either web sites or printed material. Perhaps you would like to rewrite the article in your own words. For more information, take a look at Wikipedia's policies and guidelines. Happy editing! --fvw *  13:02, August 30, 2005 (UTC)

Semi-automated template substitution

 * This page was modified to semi-automatically substitute templates using Pathoschild's template list. // Rory 0 96 03:16, 14 February 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:Alfredmozer


text:
Aptian

The Aptian is an age in the geologic timescale or a stage in the stratigraphic column. It is a subdivision of the Early or Lower Cretaceous Epoch or Series and encompasses the time from 121.4 ± 1.0 Ma to 113.0 ± 1.0 Ma (million years ago), approximately. The Aptian succeeds the Barremian and precedes the Albian, all part of the Lower/Early Cretaceous.

The Aptian partly overlaps the upper part of the Western European Urgonian Stage.

The Selli Event, also known as OAE1a, was one of two oceanic anoxic events in the Cretaceous Period, which occurred around 120 Ma and lasted approximately 1 to 1.3 million years, being marked by enhanced silicate weathering, as well as ocean acidification. The Aptian extinction was a minor extinction event hypothesized to have occurred around 116 to 117 Ma.

Stratigraphic definitions
The Aptian was named after the small city of Apt in the Provence region of France, which is also known for its crystallized fruits. The original type locality is in the vicinity of Apt. The Aptian was introduced in scientific literature by French palaeontologist Alcide d'Orbigny in 1840.

The base of the Aptian Stage is laid at magnetic anomaly M0r. A global reference profile for the base (a GSSP) had in 2009 not yet been appointed. The top of the Aptian (the base of the Albian) is at the first appearance of coccolithophore species Praediscosphaera columnata in the stratigraphic record.

Subdivision
In the Tethys domain, the Aptian contains eight ammonite biozones:
 * zone of Hypacanthoplites jacobi
 * zone of Nolaniceras nolani
 * zone of Parahoplites melchioris
 * zone of Epicheloniceras subnodosocostatum
 * zone of Duffrenoyia furcata
 * zone of Deshayesites deshayesi
 * zone of Deshayesites weissi
 * zone of Deshayesites oglanlensis

Sometimes the Aptian is subdivided in three substages or subages: Bedoulian (early or lower), Gargasian (middle) and Clansayesian (late or upper). In modern formal chronostratigraphy the Aptian is divided into Lower and Upper sub-stages. The Lower Aptian is equivalent to the Bedoulian, and it includes the oglanensis to furcata Tethyan ammonite zones. The Upper Aptian is equivalent to the Gargasian and Clansayesian, it includes the subnodosocostatum to jacobi Tethyan ammonite zones (Gradstein et al. 2004).

Lithostratigraphic units
Examples of rock units formed during the Aptian are: Antlers Formation, Cedar Mountain Formation, Cloverly Formation, Elrhaz Formation, Jiufotang Formation, Little Atherfield, Mazong Shan, Potomac Formation, Santana Formation, Twin Mountains Formation, Xinminbao Group and Yixian Formation.

Literature

 * 🇦🇹; 2004: A Geologic Time Scale 2004, Cambridge University Press.
 * 🇦🇹; 1842: Paléontologie française: Terrains crétacés, vol. ii.

title: Aptian


text:
User talk:Carlosguitar

Date of birth missing (living people) vs Year of birth missing (living people)
Hi. Please note that we use Category:Year of birth missing (living people) instead of Category:Date of birth missing (living people) for articles and we put the later, if it is necessary, in the talk page. Thanks, Magioladitis (talk) 07:14, 3 August 2008 (UTC)

 * Hi, thanks for notice. Cheers. Carlosguitar (Yes Executor?) 16:29, 3 August 2008 (UTC)

In The Motherhood
If you have no objection, I'll go ahead and revive the In The Motherhood article, now that it will officially become a TV series. Robert Moore 12:38, 15 November 2008 (UTC)

Alternate titles, and columns in Lists of articles
Hi Carlos, you where one of the few people that helped to merg the N64 games lists and get the Japanese titles back onto the main list, but the discussioon has arrived again, and I'd like to invite you to contribute to the Talk:List of Nintendo 64 games where we are discussing the use of keeping alternate titles in the "List of...games" some have suggested that they take up too much space and that other columns could seem to be "useful only to fans", and other things that have been mentioned that, and other 'List of' talk pages. I hope you'll come and give you opinion, and hopefully keep these type of concerns from arising again and again at each "List of" pages. (Floppydog66 (talk) 23:10, 18 December 2008 (UTC))

Hi again Carlos, I just wanted to ask if you'd like to add your name to either the keep or remove section I made at the top of the talk section, it seems your view was neutral and if so you don't need to give a keep or remove, but it'd keep others from wondering if it was for or against one of the columns. I tried to list those who felt yes, they wanted and no they didn't want this or that, so it would be a bit more clear as to what the final consensus would be. Thanks again for contributing. (Floppydog66 (talk) 02:23, 23 December 2008 (UTC))

 * I do not see how this will improve the list by removing them, so I would say weak keep since there is no harm. Pehaps you can find a better design for the page. Carlosguitar (Yes Executor?) 13:35, 29 December 2008 (UTC)

Thanks for your opinion, it seems some people wish to change things but only partially and then they usually don't use the talk page to discuss the changes, I've made two sample tables with possible changes and I made the two Keep/Remove, for Title and the other for # of players and hope people dropping in will add their names to one or both of the Keep/Remove. So far the keep and remove, section for the number of players is half and half, with no one really giving a good reason as to why they feel it should be removed saying "not necessary", "insufficient", "no use to any readers", and "if it does harm to the article", sorry for all the "_", I try to remind myself not to use them on the 'List of' so I'm not using their words against them, but at least the discussion is now on the "list of" page and not on my talk page as it started out as. If you'd want to add your name to the # of players, Keep or Remove section, I'm sure it'd help out Paper Luigi's wanting to keep it. I just reedited the Keep/Remove so they are in a column of their own rather then so it's easier for people to search down them.(Floppydog66 (talk) 20:19, 29 December 2008 (UTC))

No content in Category:Non-article sports pages
Hello, this is a message from an automated bot. A tag has been placed on Category:Non-article sports pages, by another Wikipedia user, requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. The tag claims that it should be speedily deleted because Category:Non-article sports pages has been empty for at least four days, and its only content has been links to parent categories. (CSD C1). To contest the tagging and request that administrators wait before possibly deleting Category:Non-article sports pages, please affix the template to the page, and put a note on its talk page. If the article has already been deleted, see the advice and instructions at WP:WMD. Feel free to contact the bot operator if you have any questions about this or any problems with this bot, bearing in mind that '''this bot is only informing you of the nomination for speedy deletion; it does not perform any nominations or deletions itself. To see the user who deleted the page, click here''' CSDWarnBot (talk) 02:12, 31 January 2009 (UTC)

Richard Castle
Thanks for you help, and instructions (on my talk page), regarding possible deletion of this article! I'll follow your advice to the letter!

Cheers, Prof.rick (talk) 09:46, 21 February 2009 (UTC)

Richard Kastle
Hi there!

Thanks for you COURTEOUS help the other night! I've tried to follow your instructions fully, but I don't think I've done it right (an AfD case). Could I possibly impose on you to check my work (On Richard Kastle's page, or at "Discussion of Articles for Deletion"?

I've never wanted to delete an article in the past, and admit to being a "computer dummy"!

Your help would be most greatly appreciated!

Thank you, Prof.rick (talk) 14:23, 21 February 2009 (UTC)

 * You have done it correctly. Cheers. Carlosguitar (Yes Executor?) 18:50, 21 February 2009 (UTC)

hi
what is the actuall ponit of have wikipeda the people who own this website should edit it themself then we leave messages to them

Proposed deletion of Timeline of parkour

The article Timeline of parkour has been proposed for deletion  because of the following concern:
 * Unencyclopedic — a poorly written timeline for something that in no way merits one.

While all contributions to Wikipedia are appreciated, content or articles may be deleted for any of several reasons.

You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the  notice, but please explain why in your edit summary or on the article's talk page.

Please consider improving the article to address the issues raised. Removing  will stop the Proposed Deletion process, but other deletion processes exist. The Speedy Deletion process can result in deletion without discussion, and Articles for Deletion allows discussion to reach consensus for deletion. — The Man in Question (gesprec)  ·  (forðung)  01:00, 12 August 2009 (UTC)

Human Rights Torch Relay
If you have some time please provide us with an input at this RFC on 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay article and this Merger Contest. Thank You! --HappyInGeneral (talk) 23:53, 2 September 2009 (UTC)

tapa.co.nz surname
Hi - I am hapy to change my surname but do not know how - can you please assist? cheers.

Articles for deletion nomination of Parkour in popular culture
I have nominated Parkour in popular culture, an article that you created, for deletion. I do not think that this article satisfies Wikipedia's criteria for inclusion, and have explained why at Articles for deletion/Parkour in popular culture&. Your opinions on the matter are welcome at that same discussion page; also, you are welcome to edit the article to address these concerns. Thank you for your time.Please contact me if you're unsure why you received this message. Bdb484 (talk) 03:44, 23 September 2009 (UTC)

NONGAR
Hi. Just wanted to let you know that this article, which you deleted, has been re-created. ArcAngel (talk) 21:34, 25 September 2009 (UTC)

Tiananmen Square self-immolation incident
Hello Carlos, would it be OK, if I ask you to give your evaluation on this issue? Thank you in advance. --HappyInGeneral (talk) 19:36, 28 September 2009 (UTC)

Articles for deletion nomination of Parkour in popular culture
I have nominated Parkour in popular culture, an article that you created, for deletion. I do not think that this article satisfies Wikipedia's criteria for inclusion, and have explained why at Articles for deletion/Parkour in popular culture&. Your opinions on the matter are welcome at that same discussion page; also, you are welcome to edit the article to address these concerns. Thank you for your time.Please contact me if you're unsure why you received this message. Brilliantine (talk) 14:02, 17 December 2009 (UTC)

Foundation 9 Entertainment's advertisement status
Wondering if the reworking and addition of historical content with citations is sufficient to warrant the removal of the advertisement tag? (You were the user that put it there, I believe.) —Preceding unsigned comment added by 142.103.92.105 (talk) 03:55, 20 December 2009 (UTC)

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Request for comment
Hello there, a proposal regarding pre-adminship review has been raised at Village pump by. Your comments here is very much appreciated. Many thanks. Jim Carter through MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 06:46, 28 May 2014 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 13:09, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 13:33, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

Two-Factor Authentication now available for admins
Hello,

Please note that TOTP based two-factor authentication is now available for all administrators. In light of the recent compromised accounts, you are encouraged to add this additional layer of security to your account. It may be enabled on your preferences page in the "User profile" tab under the "Basic information" section. For basic instructions on how to enable two-factor authentication, please see the developing help page for additional information. Important: Be sure to record the two-factor authentication key and the single use keys. If you lose your two factor authentication and do not have the keys, it's possible that your account will not be recoverable. Furthermore, you are encouraged to utilize a unique password and two-factor authentication for the email account associated with your Wikimedia account. This measure will assist in safeguarding your account from malicious password resets. Comments, questions, and concerns may be directed to the thread on the administrators' noticeboard. MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 20:33, 12 November 2016 (UTC)

A new user right for New Page Patrollers
Hi.

A new user group, New Page Reviewer, has been created in a move to greatly improve the standard of new page patrolling. The user right can be granted by any admin at PERM. It is highly recommended that admins look beyond the simple numerical threshold and satisfy themselves that the candidates have the required skills of communication and an advanced knowledge of notability and deletion. Admins are automatically included in this user right.

It is anticipated that this user right will significantly reduce the work load of admins who patrol the performance of the patrollers. However,due to the complexity of the rollout, some rights may have been accorded that may later need to be withdrawn, so some help will still be needed to some extent when discovering wrongly applied deletion tags or inappropriate pages that escape the attention of less experienced reviewers, and above all, hasty and bitey tagging for maintenance. User warnings are available here but very often a friendly custom message works best.

If you have any questions about this user right, don't hesitate to join us at WT:NPR. (Sent to all admins) .MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 13:47, 15 November 2016 (UTC)

Administrators' newsletter - February 2017
News and updates for administrators from the past month (January 2017). This first issue is being sent out to all administrators, if you wish to keep receiving it please subscribe. Your feedback is welcomed.

Administrator changes
 * Gnome-colors-list-add.svg NinjaRobotPirate • Schwede66 • K6ka • Ealdgyth • Ferret • Cyberpower678 • Mz7 • Primefac • Dodger67
 * Gnome-colors-list-remove.svg Briangotts • JeremyA • BU Rob13

Guideline and policy news
 * A discussion to workshop proposals to amend the administrator inactivity policy at Wikipedia talk:Administrators has been in process since late December 2016.
 * Pending changes/Request for Comment 2016 closed with no consensus for implementing Pending changes level 2 with new criteria for use.
 * Following an RfC, an activity requirement is now in place for bots and bot operators.

Technical news
 * When performing some administrative actions the reason field briefly gave suggestions as text was typed. This change has since been reverted so that issues with the implementation can be addressed. (T34950)
 * Following the latest RfC concluding that Pending Changes 2 should not be used on the English Wikipedia, an RfC closed with consensus to remove the options for using it from the page protection interface, a change which has now been made. (T156448)
 * The Foundation has announced a new community health initiative to combat harassment. This should bring numerous improvements to tools for admins and CheckUsers in 2017.

Arbitration
 * The Arbitration Committee released a response to the Wikimedia Foundation's statement on paid editing and outing.

Obituaries
 * JohnCD (John Cameron Deas) passed away on 30 December 2016. John began editing Wikipedia seriously during 2007 and became an administrator in November 2009.

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ArbCom 2019 special circular

This message was sent to all administrators following a recent motion. Thank you for your attention. For the Arbitration Committee, Cameron11598 02:29, 4 May 2019 (UTC)

 * Hi Cameron. Thanks for insight, no worries with my account password, I have a unique pass which have not been leaked yet. Carlosguitar (Yes Executor?) 00:22, 4 May 2019 (UTC)

Administrator account security (Correction to Arbcom 2019 special circular)
ArbCom would like to apologise and correct our previous mass message in light of the response from the community.

Since November 2018, six administrator accounts have been compromised and temporarily desysopped. In an effort to help improve account security, our intention was to remind administrators of existing policies on account security — that they are required to "have strong passwords and follow appropriate personal security practices." We have updated our procedures to ensure that we enforce these policies more strictly in the future. The policies themselves have not changed. In particular, two-factor authentication remains an optional means of adding extra security to your account. The choice not to enable 2FA will not be considered when deciding to restore sysop privileges to administrator accounts that were compromised.

We are sorry for the wording of our previous message, which did not accurately convey this, and deeply regret the tone in which it was delivered.

For the Arbitration Committee, -Cameron11598 21:03, 4 May 2019 (UTC)

Disruptive edits
Hello, after a week's block, disruptive edits on 501.V2 variant, Lineage P.1 and Lineage B.1.1.7 have resumed from User:120.29.97.144- could you intervene again, please? Yadsalohcin (talk) 08:12, 17 March 2021 (UTC)

Done Carlosguitar (Yes Executor?) 09:01, 17 March 2021 (UTC)

Methwold
Hi Carlosguitar. Before undoing my edit, it might have been better to check whether James I could have visited Methwold in 1718 146.200.29.43 (talk) 08:31, 16 June 2021 (UTC)

Block on 111.125.104.0/22
Hi Carlosguitar - just a super-quick heads up that I've softened your block on the above IP range due to the collateral it was causing as a hardblock. Thanks! stwalkerster (talk) 22:32, 5 September 2021 (UTC)

 * Ok, no problem, I have also softened 120.29.96.0/22, hope we can deal with the LTA in this way. Carlosguitar (Yes Executor?) 23:01, 5 September 2021 (UTC)

Protection on Sakura Haruno
The page in question was protected by you in 2008 for slow vandalism; I did not see much disruption or even edits on the article since 2018, and I think that protection is no longer needed. Would you be willing to consider unprotection? Thanks in advance,  Sennecaster  ( Chat ) 01:34, 27 September 2021 (UTC)
 * Hello, the page was indefinite semi-protected by , I will not oppose an unprotection if Gonzo agrees. But due to nature of pages such as Naruto Uzumaki, Sasuke Uchiha and Itachi Uchiha I am skeptical to maintain these related articles unprotected for a longer time. Cheers. Carlosguitar (Yes Executor?) 07:26, 27 September 2021 (UTC)
 * It has been 11 years, so I have no issues with it being unprotected. It can get reprotected pretty quickly if anything pops up. « Gonzo fan2007  (talk)  @ 16:52, 27 September 2021 (UTC)
 * Yes check.svg Done, let's try it. Carlosguitar (Yes Executor?) 08:28, 28 September 2021 (UTC)

RfA 2021 review update
Thanks so much for participating in Phase 1 of the RfA 2021 review. 8 out of the 21 issues discussed were found to have consensus. Thanks to our closers of Phase 1, and.

The following had consensus support of participating editors:
 * 1) Corrosive RfA atmosphere
 * The atmosphere at RfA is deeply unpleasant. This makes it so fewer candidates wish to run and also means that some members of our community don't comment/vote.
 * 1) Level of scrutiny
 * Many editors believe it would be unpleasant to have so much attention focused on them. This includes being indirectly a part of watchlists and editors going through your edit history with the chance that some event, possibly a relatively trivial event, becomes the focus of editor discussion for up to a week.
 * 1) Standards needed to pass keep rising
 * It used to be far easier to pass RfA however the standards necessary to pass have continued to rise such that only "perfect" candidates will pass now.
 * 1) Too few candidates
 * There are too few candidates. This not only limits the number of new admin we get but also makes it harder to identify other RfA issues because we have such a small sample size.
 * 1) "No need for the tools" is a poor reason as we can find work for new admins

The following issues had a rough consensus of support from editors: 1. Lifetime tenure (high stakes atmosphere) Because RfA carries with it lifetime tenure, granting any given editor sysop feels incredibly important. This creates a risk adverse and high stakes atmosphere.

2. Admin permissions and unbundling There is a large gap between the permissions an editor can obtain and the admin toolset. This brings increased scrutiny for RFA candidates, as editors evaluate their feasibility in lots of areas.

3. RfA should not be the only road to adminship Right now, RfA is the only way we can get new admins, but it doesn't have to be.

Please consider joining the brainstorming which will last for the next 1-2 weeks. This will be followed by Phase 2, a 30 day discussion to consider solutions to the problems identified in Phase 1. There are 2 future mailings planned. One when Phase 2 opens and one with the results of Phase 2. To opt-out of future mailings, please remove yourself here. Best, MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 00:08, 10 October 2021 (UTC)

RfA Reform 2021 Phase 2 has begun
Following a 2 week brainstorming period and a 1 week proposal period, the 30 day discussion of changes to our Request for Adminship process has begun. Following feedback on Phase 1, in order to ensure that the largest number of people possible can see all proposals, new proposals will only be accepted for the for the first 7 days of Phase 2. The 30 day discussion is scheduled to last until November 30. Please join the discussion or even submit your own proposal.

There is 1 future mailing planned with the results of Phase 2. To opt-out of future mailings, please remove yourself here. 16:13, 31 October 2021 (UTC)

Administrators will no longer be autopatrolled
A recently closed Request for Comment (RFC) reached consensus to remove Autopatrolled from the administrator user group. You may, similarly as with Edit Filter Manager, choose to self-assign this permission to yourself. This will be implemented the week of December 13th, but if you wish to self-assign you may do so now. To find out when the change has gone live or if you have any questions please visit the Administrator's Noticeboard. 20:05, 7 December 2021 (UTC)

RFA 2021 Completed
The 2021 re-examination of RFA has been completed. 23 (plus 2 variants) ideas were proposed. Over 200 editors participated in this final phase. Three changes gained consensus and two proposals were identified by the closers as having the potential to gain consensus with some further discussion and iteration. Thanks to all who helped to close the discussion, and in particular, , and for closing the most difficult conversations and for  for closing the review of one of the closes.

The following proposals gained consensus and have all been implemented:
 * 1) Revision of standard question 1 to Special thanks to  for help with implementation.
 * 2) A new process, Administrative Action Review (XRV) designed to review if an editor's specific use of an advanced permission, including the admin tools, is consistent with policy in a process similar to that of deletion review and move review. Thanks to all the editors who contributed (and are continuing to contribute) to the discussion of how to implement this proposal.
 * 3) Removal of autopatrol from the administrator's toolkit. Special thanks to and  for their help with implementation.

The following proposals were identified by the closers as having the potential to gain consensus with some further discussion and iteration:
 * 1) An option for people to run for temporary adminship ( proposal, discussion, & close )
 * 2) An optional election process ( proposal & discussion and close review & re-close )

Editors who wish to discuss these ideas or other ideas on how to try to address any of the six issues identified during phase 1 for which no proposal gained are encouraged to do so at RFA's talk page or an appropriate village pump.

A final and huge thanks all those who participated in this effort to improve our RFA process over the last 4 months. This is the final update with no further talk page messages planned. 01:46, 30 December 2021 (UTC)

Happy New Year, Carlosguitar!

Happy New Year! Hi Carlosguitar! Have a prosperous, productive and enjoyable New Year, and thanks for your contributions to Wikipedia. ~ ToBeFree (talk) 01:19, 1 January 2022 (UTC)

 * Hello friend. Happy new year to you too, with lots of health, peace and prosperity to you and your family, cheers. Carlosguitar (Yes Executor?) 01:31, 1 January 2022 (UTC)

How we will see unregistered users
Hi!

You get this message because you are an admin on a Wikimedia wiki.

When someone edits a Wikimedia wiki without being logged in today, we show their IP address. As you may already know, we will not be able to do this in the future. This is a decision by the Wikimedia Foundation Legal department, because norms and regulations for privacy online have changed.

Instead of the IP we will show a masked identity. You as an admin will still be able to access the IP. There will also be a new user right for those who need to see the full IPs of unregistered users to fight vandalism, harassment and spam without being admins. Patrollers will also see part of the IP even without this user right. We are also working on better tools to help.

If you have not seen it before, you can read more on Meta. If you want to make sure you don’t miss technical changes on the Wikimedia wikis, you can subscribe to the weekly technical newsletter.

We have two suggested ways this identity could work. We would appreciate your feedback on which way you think would work best for you and your wiki, now and in the future. You can let us know on the talk page. You can write in your language. The suggestions were posted in October and we will decide after 17 January.

Thank you. /Johan (WMF)

18:13, 4 January 2022 (UTC)

Hello
Welcome back. -- Deep fried okra ( talk ) 01:26, 7 February 2022 (UTC)
 * Hello, are you fine? Well, I think am not very active, or same when I was in the past. Lots of things to do in real life, I will try to do a little work on EN Wiki, but I may become dormant again. =/ Cheers. Carlosguitar (Yes Executor?) 01:55, 7 February 2022 (UTC)

New administrator activity requirement
22:52, 15 April 2022 (UTC)

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 Hello! Voting in the 2023 Arbitration Committee elections is now open until 23:59 (UTC) on. All eligible users are allowed to vote. Users with alternate accounts may only vote once.

The Arbitration Committee is the panel of editors responsible for conducting the Wikipedia arbitration process. It has the authority to impose binding solutions to disputes between editors, primarily for serious conduct disputes the community has been unable to resolve. This includes the authority to impose site bans, topic bans, editing restrictions, and other measures needed to maintain our editing environment. The arbitration policy describes the Committee's roles and responsibilities in greater detail.

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title: User talk:Carlosguitar


text:
Orny

Orny may refer to:

 * Orny, Switzerland, a municipality
 * Orny, Moselle, France, a commune
 * Orny Adams (b. 1970), American comedian

title: Orny


text:
Courttia Newland

Courttia Newland (born 25 August 1973) is a British writer of Jamaican and Barbadian heritage.

Background
Born in 1973 in west London, to parents of Caribbean heritage, Newland grew up in Shepherd's Bush, where he became a rapper and music producer who, together with friends, released a Drum n' Bass white label.

Novels
In 1997, Newland published his first novel, The Scholar. Further novels followed, including Society Within (1999), Snakeskin (2002) and The Gospel According to Cane (2013).

His most recent novel, A River Called Time was published in 2021 to generally positive critical attention, with Kirkus stating: "This is an ambitiously imagined book that, by removing the European lens on African cultures, creates a new reality that allows us to question how we view our own. Complex and multilayered, this novel opens the door to the possibilities of noncolonial worlds." For the TLS reviewer: "Courttia Newland's new novel presents us with a dystopian multiverse imagined at thrilling scale." Adam Roberts concluded that "no one can doubt the sheer energy and verve of Newland's vision", while Publishers Weekly said: "This is sure to please fans of thought-provoking speculative fiction." In July 2022, A River Called Time was announced on the shortlist of the Arthur C. Clarke Award (alongside books by Kazuo Ishiguro, Harry Josephine Giles, Arkady Martine, Mercurio D. Rivera and Aliya Whiteley).

Plays
Newland wrote his first play, Estates of Mind, in 1998. His second play, an adaptation of Euripides' The Women of Troy, was a success at the 1999 Edinburgh Festival, being followed in 2000 by his third play was The Far Side. His subsequent productions include Mother's Day (2002), B is for Black (2003), Whistling Maggie (2005), Sweet Yam Kisses (2006), White Open Spaces – A Question of Courage (2006), and Look to the Sky (2011).

Other literary activity
In 2000, Newland co-edited (with Kadija Sesay) the anthology IC3: The Penguin Book of New Black Writing in Britain (reissued in a 20th-anniversary edition), and his short stories have featured in many other anthologies, including The Time Out Book of London Short Stories: Vol 2, England Calling:24 Stories for the 21st Century and Disco 2000. He co-edited The Global Village (2009) with Monique Roffey.

Newland tours extensively for the British Council, and has been writer-in-residence for Trinity College, Dublin, and Georgetown University, Washington DC. He has also been a writer-in-residence for the charity First Story. He has taught creative writing workshops and performed readings in countries as diverse as Russia, Gambia, and Singapore. He was a Royal Literary Fund Fellow at the London College of Communication (2003–2004).

With Tania Hershman, he co-authored the guide Writing Short Stories: A Writers' and Artists' Companion (Bloomsbury, 2015).

Newland was a co-writer for Steve McQueen's five-part anthology film series Small Axe, broadcast in November 2020.

Awards and recognition
Newland was shortlisted for the 2007 Crime Writers' Association Dagger in the Library Award, the 2010 Alfred Fagon Award and longlisted for the 2011 Frank O'Connor Award.

In 2016, he was awarded the Tayner Barbers Award for science fiction writing and the Roland Rees Bursary for playwriting.

In 2022, Newland's novel A River Called Time was shortlisted for the Arthur C. Clarke Award.

Books

 * The Scholar, novel (London: Abacus, 1997; Little, Brown, 2001, ISBN 9780349108766)
 * Society Within, novel (London: Abacus, 1999; Little, Brown, 2000, ISBN 9780349111803)
 * Snakeskin, novel (London: Abacus, 2002)
 * The Dying Wish: A James and Sinclair Mystery, novella (London: Abacus, 2006)
 * Music for the Off-Key: 12 Macabre Short Stories, short-story collection (London: Peepal Tree Press, 2006, ISBN 9781845230401)
 * The Global Village (2009)
 * A Book of Blues, short-story collection (Flambard Press, 2011, ISBN 9781906601294)
 * The Gospel According to Cane, novel (Saqi, 2013, ISBN 9781846591587)
 * A River Called Time, novel (Canongate Books, 2021, ISBN 9781786897077)
 * Cosmogramma (Canongate Books, 2021, ISBN 9781786897107)

Play productions

 * Estates of Mind, London, The Post Office Theatre, July 1998;
 * Women of Troy 2099, London, The Post Office Theatre, 31 July 1999;
 * The Far Side, London, The Tricycle Theatre, Summer 13 August 2000; London, The Tabernacle Community Centre, 22 October 2001;
 * Mother’s Day, Hammersmith, The Lyric Theatre, 16 September 2002;
 * B is for Black, London, Oval House Theatre, 14 October 2003;
 * Whistling Maggie, London, Oval House Theatre Upstairs, 29 November 2005; different production 13 June 2006;
 * Sweet Yam Kisses, Hammersmith, The Lyric Theatre, 11 February 2006.
 * Look to the Sky, National Tour, October–November 2011

Produced stories

 * An Age Old Problem, 10-minute motion picture, Brent Youth Arts Service Crime Diversion Project, Massive Video, 1996;
 * Rage, 10-minute motion picture, written and directed by Newland, Massive Video, 1997;

title: Courttia Newland


text:
Aerospace Industries Association

The Aerospace Industries Association (AIA) -- originally the Aeronautical Chamber of Commerce (1922-1945), then Aircraft Industries Association (1945-1960) -- is an American trade association representing manufacturers and suppliers of civil, military, and business aircraft, helicopters, UAVs, space systems, aircraft engines, missiles, material, and related components, equipment, services, and information technology in the United States. It also co-sponsors, with the National Association of Rocketry, the America Rocketry Challenge (TARC), an annual competition for high school students. Member companies also give awards and scholarships to top placing teams at the TARC national finals each year, and it is funded through sponsoring companies. AIA also develops the manufacturing standards called National Aerospace Standards, which are available to aerospace manufacturers that conform to United States Military Standards for equipment manufacturing and provide standards for other various components.

The organization's current president and CEO is Eric Fanning.

Organization
The Aerospace Industries Association (AIA) is governed by a board of governors that meets twice a year and consists of senior representatives of member companies at the c-suite level, and an executive committee that meets more frequently. The government frequently seeks advice from AIA on issues, and AIA provides a forum for government and industry representatives to exchange views and resolve problems on non-competitive matters related to aerospace and defense.

Advocacy
Founded in 1919 with the purpose of representing the American aviation industry, AIA has since expanded the scope of that vision with technological advance in aerospace. Today, on behalf of its more than 340 member companies, AIA advocates for aerospace and defense issues ranging from technical workforce policy to space exploration. Notable recurring topics of advocacy include "...robust federal budgets for aerospace and defense, a strong U.S. industrial base, defense modernization, and an efficient acquisition system."

Another AIA advocacy endeavor is National Aerospace Week, an event that celebrates aerospace in the United States. In 2010, National Aerospace Week was established under a resolution passed by both houses of the U.S. Congress, in conjunction with AIA. This event has been recognized by NASA and the U.S. Department of Commerce.

In late 2011, AIA launched the Second to None federal budget education campaign to inform the public and elected officials about the importance of the aerospace and defense industry and provide answers to what the predicted impacts of federal budget cuts, commonly known as sequestration, will have on the aerospace and defense industry. The campaign received significant media attention in 2012 for its efforts and competed as a finalist in 2012 for PRWeek Awards 2013's Public Affairs Campaign of the Year.

The America Rocketry Challenge
The America Rocketry Challenge (TARC) is an annual American model rocketry competition for students in grades seven to 12 sponsored by the Aerospace Industries Association and the National Association of Rocketry. Co-sponsors include NASA, United States Department of Defense, the American Association of Physics Teachers and the Civil Air Patrol. The event receives local and national media coverage and draws well-known representatives of the Defense Department, NASA, the FAA, and other government agencies. Past National Fly-Offs have been attended by United States Secretary of Defense Robert Gates, Apollo 11 astronaut Buzz Aldrin, Rocket Boys author Homer Hickam, former NASA Administrator Sean O'Keefe, U.S. Senator Mike Enzi, and former NASA Administrator, Charles Bolden.

Membership
In October 2017, AIA's membership was composed of 346 member companies. This diverse group of businesses includes large aerospace and defense companies and small businesses alike. Membership is divided into full and associate membership.

One of AIA's key membership sources is its Supplier Management Council (SMC). The SMC is a unique, non-attributional forum where senior supply chain representatives from system integrators and manufacturers tackle issues that impact the aerospace and defense supply chain. Open to both Full Members and Associate Members, the Council's mission is to integrate and focus the collective capabilities of the supply chain, at every level, to influence the strategies, policies, and regulations that enable the U.S. aerospace and defense industry to successfully compete in the global market, be profitable, and strengthen the U.S. position as the world leader.

The American aerospace industry
The US aerospace industry contributed $147 billion in export sales to the economy in 2016. This industry supported almost 1.7 million jobs in 2015. Aerospace manufacturing has two major segments, namely the commercial and the defense. The commercial segment constitutes roughly 60% of the industry. The defense segment caters to US government agencies, such as the Department of Defense (DOD) and the National Aerospace and Space Administration (NASA).

The Aircraft Year Book
The Aircraft Year Book (1919 -1957 ), Aerospace-Facts-and-Figures (1959 -1996 ), Annual-Report-Of-The-President (1952 -1996), and other research documents have been uploaded and are online.

History
The Smithsonian reports that the AIA was originally incorporated as the Aeronautical Chamber of Commerce (ACC) in 1922.

Other sources, however, report that:
 * "The Aeronautical Chamber of Commerce was incorporated under the laws of the State of New York in 1919 and was formally organized with 100 charter members on December 31, 1921."

At the end of World War II, in 1945, it became the Aviation Industries Association (AIA). In 1960, during the early years of the Space Race, was renamed the Aerospace Industries Association (AIA)

Previous chairman
AIA Chairman are selected from the leadership of member companies, as voted by the Board of Governors. Each Chairman serves a yearlong term, begin on 1 January and ending on 31 December.

title: Aerospace Industries Association


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Richard Marchand

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was KEEP. I'm going to prune this mercilessly back to a third-person stub. -Splash 20:45, 5 September 2005 (UTC)

Richard Marchand
Nothing screams vanity like switching between first and third person. --fvw *  13:05, August 30, 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment If this is kept, it will need major cleanup. He could be notable, so I'm going to abstain. --Lord Voldemort (Dark Mark) 19:21, 30 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. He is a reasonably notable commercial artist who has done cover art for at least one reasonably reputable UK small press company specializing in sf/fantasy horror (as well as other small presses). The article text is taken from his website, and badly edited. He's up for a British Fantasy Award this year, which may not be the Booker Prize, but is still well-regarded in the genre. Looks to me like it's not a vanity page, but was put up by Sean Wright, one of whose books Marchand did a cover for. Monicasdude 04:33, 31 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. A BFA nomination meets the bar for notability, I'd say. MCB 05:48, 31 August 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
An Imaginary Life

An Imaginary Life is a 1978 novella written by David Malouf.

Story outline
It tells the story of the Roman poet Ovid, during his exile in Tomis.

While there, Ovid lives with the natives, although he doesn't understand their language, and forms a bond with a wild boy who is found living wild in nature. The relationship between Ovid and the boy, at first one of protector and protected, becomes an alliance between two people in a foreign land.

Ovid comes to Tomis enculturated with a Roman world view and through his attempts at teaching the boy language is able to free himself from the constrictions of Latin and the encompassing perception of reality that is his only barrier against transcendence.

Ovid is continually searching for the Child and what he represents to him. He goes so far as to capture him in an attempt to learn from him, and to teach him language and conventions.

Critical reception
Reviewing the book in The Canberra Times Kevin Hart noted: "With writing of this sort, fiction that stretches the imagination far outside the confines of normal experience, the criterion for our judgment is not so much the extent of the imaginative flair displayed, but how the writer handles the problems caused by his extraordinary imagination. In this book all is worked out carefully, perhaps at times over-carefully, giving the impression that it is a superbly controlled exercise in style."

"An Imaginary Life is, in part, about an individual journey from a state of being cut off and apart from the environment – of wishing to tame and exploit nature, of being totally entangled in language and culture – to a state of being in intimate contact with the untrained, wild things of the world. It is also about a poet, in thrall of civilisation, realising that there are other ways to live and experience; ways that are beautiful and fulfilling...Those themes – of belonging and exile, of how to relate to the environment and to those who are different to us – are core to the debate about what it means to be Australian today. An Imaginary Life does not provide a workable template for how to navigate the complexity of belonging and un-belonging, nor should it. It’s a novel not a policy document. It does, however, show us it is possible to imagine ways to do things differently, ways to live differently with each other and with nature. And once imagined, those other ways of living seem all the more possible."

Awards

 * 1979 – winner New South Wales Premier's Literary Awards — Fiction

title: An Imaginary Life