text:
Talk:Shandong

(Bohai role)
corrected "Shanxi borders the Bohai Bay to the north" to "Shandong borders the Bohai Bay to the north" — Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.91.126.106 (talk) 03:37, 26 August 2005

Spelling
Why is the first word of the article spelled "Shangdong" instead of "Shandong"? Badagnani 03:04, 28 July 2006 (UTC)

Answer:The chinese name of "ShandongProvice" is "山东省" which spells as "Shan Dong Sheng"（113） in chinese. "Shangdong" is a wrong spelling. [Joshny] 20061012 — Preceding unsigned comment added by 218.80.186.34 (talk • contribs) 06:01, 12 October 2006 (UTC)

黃縣
Is there any district called 黃縣 in Shandong? I could not find 黃縣 in the list. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 65.43.180.224 (talk • contribs) 08:06, 12 January 2007 (UTC)

Wen River?
Is there a Wen River in Shandong? Badagnani 04:35, 20 August 2007 (UTC)

Taishan Mountains or Mt. Tai?
This article mentions the "Taishan Mountains", but references Mt. Tai. On Google, I found many instances of "Taishan Mountains", but they all seem to be talking about "Mt. Tai", not a range of mountains. Should "Taishan Mountains" be changed to "Mt. Tai"? — Preceding unsigned comment added by Wakablogger~enwiki (talk • contribs) 20:58, 30 November 2007 (UTC)

"Taishan" is the romanization of the Chinese characters “泰山”. The character "shan" means mountain, so a literal English translation would be "Mt. Tai", while "Taishan Mountain" would imply "Mt. Tai Mountain". The Wikipedia article on "Taishan" is titled "Mount Tai". I recommend referring to it was "Mt. Tai (Taishan)" in the first occurrence of the name and then linking it to the page on "Mount Tai".Davidyz (talk) 17:47, 1 July 2009 (UTC)

Who controlled it in 1939
Was Shandong controlled by the Reformed Government of the Republic of China or the Provisional Government of the Republic of China? Oberiko (talk) 18:11, 18 February 2008 (UTC)

Edit history problem
Many and perhaps all of the old revisions from 18 January 2005 thru 1 May 2005 are displayed as blank, despite far too many edits, and far too many credible edit summaries to the contrary, for that to be accurate. If this is seen by someone who can state that there is a known problem that this should be assumed to be an instance of, please do so here. If the condition continues and is not so explained, the matter should be raised at VPT. --Jerzy•t 18:44, 1 September 2009 (UTC)

Garlic production
Am I right to suggest that the Shangdong Province (singlehandedly) produces more garlic that the rest of this world? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 82.134.28.194 (talk) 12:09, 10 December 2009 (UTC)

you are not right to suggest it —Preceding unsigned comment added by 79.97.54.72 (talk) 22:19, 29 May 2010 (UTC)

It is incorrect. Although garlic is popular,it is produced less than other related items such as corn or rice — Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.40.56.26 (talk) 20:45, 1 July 2011 (UTC)

Garlic production in China links here yet this article doesn't even touch on garlic production. Something needs to be done. (Wonton) (talk) 19:07, 25 June 2013 (UTC)

I have addressed this garlic issue. I understand that it has been a pressing matter for you all. Kamakou (talk) 21:43, 4 June 2019 (UTC)

Translation
I have added in text. One could say that Shandong can be translated practically into "East of the mountains". However, "East Mountain" is just as correct. It is located in the Far east of China, and is well known for its numerous mountains — Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.40.56.26 (talk) 20:43, 1 July 2011 (UTC)

On reflection, east of the mountains does not make complete sense, however, I have left it in — Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.40.56.26 (talk • contribs) 20:47, 1 July 2011 (UTC)

History/Proposed change
WOuld like to suggest a possible alteration of a point in this section. It states that "In recent years Shandong, especially eastern Shandong, has enjoyed significant economic development, becoming one of the richest provinces of the People's Republic of China". East Shandong covers a large area and there are still large areas of poverty. I am from Eastern Shandong, and would argue that the majority of people have not seen a drastic rise in their fortunes, either in their pocket or on a larger scales. There are a lot of farmers, and many people would have a monthly salary which would be lower than the Chinese average. Although there has been a sharp rise in infrastructure, quality of roads et etc, the lives of most citizens remain largely unchanged. I was there recently, and the fundamentals were mainly the same as they were when I left 8 years ago.

Although I would agree that some parts of Eastern Shandong, and some people have experienced a booom, the fact that most still struggle to make a living supports the argument that the statement I highlighted is incorrect

Would like peer agreement either way — Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.40.56.26 (talk) 20:55, 1 July 2011 (UTC)

Disambiguation: fabric
There's a type of silk fabric called Shantung, and Shantung currently redirects here. There should probably be a redirect. Audiosqueegee (talk) 02:27, 28 September 2011 (UTC)

More on mountains
The article mentions " Taishan Mountains, Lushan Mountains, and Mengshan Mountains" but each of these appears to be a single mountain, not multiple mountains. Googling for Lushan Mountains results in pages talking about Mount Lushan and the same with Mengshan Mountains.ChangMei (talk) 21:05, 12 November 2011 (UTC)

 * I found a book that seems to clear this up. On page 302 of Landscape and power in early China: the crisis and fall of the Western Zhou, 1045-771 BC, each of these "mountains" appears to be a range. On page 303, is says:

 * The Cambrian-Ordovician rock mass was cut by a series of major parallel faults running northeast or northwest, leaving six mountain ranges: the Taishan, Lushan 魯山, Yishan 沂山 ranges in the north, and the Motianling 摩天嶺, Mengshan 蒙山, and Nishan 尼山 ranges in the south.7 Most of these mountains are characterized by their exposed rocky surfaces, very different from the mountains and hills we see in northwestern China. Between these mountain ranges, the deep valleys provide three ideal channels for transportation through the region: the upper Dawen 大汶 River fault in the north between Taishan and Taipingding 太平頂-Lushan; the upper Si 泗 River and Beng 祊 River fault in the southwest between the Mengshan and Nishan ranges; and the upper Shu 沭 River valley in the southeast between the Yishan and the Wulianshan 五連山 ranges.

 * I would appreciate it if someone could check the character 沭 as it looks wrong. ChangMei (talk) 21:24, 12 November 2011 (UTC)

山東軍興紀略: 22卷 military annals of shandong
http://books.google.com/books?id=NkgrAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false

Title	山東軍興紀略: 22卷 山東軍興紀略: 22卷 Publisher	申報館, 1879 Original from	Harvard University Digitized	Aug 14, 2008 Subjects	China

http://books.google.com/books?id=w4nCegXiJooC&pg=PA74#v=onepage&q&f=false

Rajmaan (talk) 13:43, 2 January 2013 (UTC)

Zaotang
We could really use some great photos and video of Zaotang-making. If anyone is in Shandong and knows about this, please take a trip there. Thanks. :) Anna Frodesiak (talk) 05:20, 4 September 2016 (UTC)

Education and other bullet point sections
Do we have to list every high school and university in a bullet format? I am all for bullet points, but I think it is not suitable for an encyclopedia. I would like to take the university names and write something about them in a paragraph. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Cleverwater (talk • contribs) 06:20, 23 November 2017 (UTC)

Qingdao vs Jinan on being the largest city in Shandong
I do not understand the sources where you are getting where Jinan is the largest city in Shandong. If we look at the China Urban Construction Statistical Yearbook 2017 Urban Population and Urban Temporary Population, which in Wikipedia is represented by the Template:Most populous cities in the People's Republic of China shows Qingdao on top of Jinan, with a population of 4,458,300 compared to Jinan's 4,040,000. If we want to compare through their infoboxes of the respective articles, Jinan's urban population is 4,693,700 while Qingdao's urban population is 5,930,000. If you want to talk about metropolitan areas, then maybe Jinan has some leverage over Qingdao, but we are not talking about the metropolitan area but the city itself. Sources: http://www.mohurd.gov.cn/xytj/tjzljsxytjgb/jstjnj/w02019012421874448287322500.xls - Josephua (talk) 04:31, 18 June 2019 (UTC)

 * Hi, you mentioned that the source I provided is not reliable because it is a file needed to download, so I find a web version of a previous document(2015 years). The link is "https://wenku.baidu.com/view/b89596bc0875f46527d3240c844769eae009a300.html?from=search". The data can be found on page 45. The Urban population in Jinan is 3000 thousand and the number of Qingdao is 2987.6 thousand. Please have a look. Please correct the web content if I convince you, please contact with me if not.Poutine99 (talk) 15:18 Thursday, June 20, 2019 (UTC)

 * Fair, I reverted back my changes, but try to be more communicative and make your point in the talk page before making any edits. By keeping reverting people's edits and implementing your own, even if you're doing this out of good faith, you can get accused of edit warring so be careful. I suggest you read it when having editing conflicts with other Wikipedia editors. Good luck. - Josephua (talk) 15:41, 20 June 2019 (UTC)

 * I will also have to add that the Jinan and Qingdao articles have Qingdao's population higher than Jinan's, contradicting the infobox of this article, so you should address it. - Josephua (talk) 15:48, 20 June 2019 (UTC)
 * Thank you for your reminder, and I will be careful in the future. Yes, it is the truth that the total population in Qingdao(9.3 million) is higher than the total population in Jinan(8.8 million), but the data in Linyi is 11.1 million, which is exact the highest number of the population in Shandong province by cities. Consequently, the city which has the largest population in Shandong province is Linyi in terms of total population.Poutine99 (talk) 16:03 Thursday, June 20, 2019 (UTC)

 * And urban population? Qingdao's is still higher (Qingdao's 5,930,000 vs Jinan's 4,693,700), but probably because Jinan's urban population is not based off of 2018 but years prior. - Josephua (talk) 16:08, 20 June 2019 (UTC)

 * Hi, the data(3000 thousand and 2987.6 thousand) is Urban Population. You can find it on right-top corner of the first page. All data in this column is Urban Population in 2015. In fact, the data from file "http://www.mohurd.gov.cn/xytj/tjzljsxytjgb/jstjnj/w02019012421874448287322500.xls" is the newest official data(2017). Although we cannot use it as a source in wikipedia, we can have a look as a reference. What is more, could you please tell me where did you get the data(Qingdao's 5,930,000 and Jinan's 4,693,700)Poutine99 (talk) 16:25 Thursday, June 20, 2019 (UTC)

 * Qingdao's urban population (2018) in the infobox has a source on page 91 of http://www.demographia.com/db-worldua.pdf. Jinan's number does not have a ref next to it in the infobox however but the source that I gave states that Jinan's urban pop is 3,990,000. - Josephua (talk) 16:39, 20 June 2019 (UTC)

Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
This article was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment, between 6 September 2020 and 7 December 2020. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): Shangyingsun.

— Preceding unsigned comment added by Shangyingsun (talk • contribs) 10:28, 5 November 2020 (UTC)

Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT (talk) 09:09, 17 January 2022 (UTC)

Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
This article was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment, between 4 October 2021 and 9 December 2021. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): Bl2240.

— Preceding unsigned comment added by Bl2240 (talk • contribs) 11:25, 30 November 2021 (UTC)

Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT (talk) 09:09, 17 January 2022 (UTC)

Wiki Education assignment: Research Process and Methodology - RPM SP 2022 - MASY1-GC 1260 200 Thu
— Preceding unsigned comment added by Ida1234567 (talk • contribs) 20:16, 29 March 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Shandong


text:
User:DardanAeneas

Hello, I'm Tom von Clef
and this is my user page.

I live in Knoxville, Tennessee.

You could visit my homepage, but there's not much there yet either.

03:47, 26 August 2005 (UTC)

DardanAeneas (talk • contribs)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User:DardanAeneas


text:
BBC Radio One Live in Concert (Dexys Midnight Runners album)

BBC Radio One Live in Concert was a live album by Dexys Midnight Runners, recorded for the BBC in 1982 and released in 1995. It was the group's first official live album and remained their only official live album until the release of The Projected Passion Revue in 2007 (from a 1981 recording). The album is unique as it is Dexys' only live recording where the members of The Projected Passion Revue horn section (Big Jim Paterson, Paul Speare, and Brian Maurice) are present alongside the Too-Rye-Ay strings (Helen O'Hara and Steve Brennan). Immediately after this concert, the horn section left the group and formed The TKO Horns.

This concert is included in full (including one track, "I'll Show You", omitted from this release) on the second disc of the 2007 Too-Rye-Ay Deluxe Edition release.

Track listing

 * 1) "TSOP (The Sound of Philadelphia)" (Kenneth Gamble, Leon Huff) – 4:19
 * 2) "Burn It Down" (Rowland) – 3:58
 * 3) "Let's Make This Precious" (Paterson, Rowland) – 4:18
 * 4) "Jackie Wilson Said (I'm in Heaven When You Smile)" (Van Morrison) – 3:07
 * 5) "Come on Eileen" (Adams, Billingham, Paterson, Rowland) – 6:30
 * 6) "Respect" (Otis Redding) – 6:25
 * 7) "Soon" (Paterson, Rowland) – 1:34
 * 8) "Plan B" (Paterson, Rowland) – 4:04
 * 9) "Geno" (Paterson, Rowland) – 3:29
 * 10) "Old" (Paterson, Rowland) – 4:36
 * 11) "The Celtic Soul Brothers" (Billingham, Paterson, Rowland) – 2:47
 * 12) "There, There, My Dear" (Archer, Rowland) – 5:22
 * 13) "Show Me" (Paterson, Rowland) – 3:38

Personnel

 * Kevin Rowland – guitar, vocals
 * Seb Shelton – drums
 * Giorgio Kilkenny – bass
 * Kevin "Billy" Adams – banjo, guitar
 * Mickey Billingham – organ, piano, accordion
 * "Big" Jim Paterson – trombone
 * Paul Speare – saxophone, flute, tin whistle
 * Brian Maurice – saxophone
 * Helen O'Hara – violin
 * Steve Brennan – violin


text:
Yvonne Kauger

Yvonne Kauger (born August 3, 1937) is an associate justice of the Oklahoma Supreme Court, and was appointed to the Court's District 4 seat by Governor George Nigh in 1984, and served as chief justice from 1997 to 1998. She was born in New Cordell, Oklahoma, and grew up in Colony, Oklahoma, and is an honorary member of the Cheyenne and Arapaho Tribes of Oklahoma. Kauger founded the Gallery of the Plains Indian in Colony, Oklahoma and is also the co-founder of the Red Earth organization. Kauger also serves as Symposium Coordinator of the Sovereignty Symposium. Kauger was inducted into the Oklahoma Women's Hall of Fame in 2001.

Early life
Kauger was born in New Cordell, Oklahoma, and grew up in Colony, Oklahoma, where she helped her parents John and Alice Kauger with various chores on the family farm including picking cotton. Upon getting her driver's license, Kauger accepted a summer job at a small law firm. She was the valedictorian of her graduating class at Colony High School in 1955. Her time with the small law firm inspired her to pursue her law degree.

Education
Kauger attended Southwestern Oklahoma State University where she majored in biology and minored in both chemistry and English. She graduated in three years and worked as a medical technician at a medical arts lab for five years after graduating from an internship program at Saint Anthony Hospital. Kauger used this profession to fund her dream of becoming a lawyer. Kauger received her law degree at Oklahoma City University School of Law in 1969, where she graduated first in her law school class.

Upon graduation from law school, Kauger had received many job offers and worked in a private practice for Senator Cleeta John Rogers for two and a half years. After this, Kauger worked for Justice Ralph B. Hodges as a clerk for eleven and a half years before she was appointed to succeed Justice Hodges on the Oklahoma Supreme Court.

Oklahoma Supreme Court
Kauger was appointed to the Court by Governor George Nigh in 1984, and was one of the first two women appointed to the Court along with Alma Wilson. She served as chief justice from January 2007 to December 2008.

In 1986, Chief Justice John B. Doolin appointed Justice Kauger to establish and coordinate the Sovereignty Symposium, which has become an annual two-day event sponsored by the Oklahoma Supreme Court. The Symposium is held in the renovated Judicial Center building in Oklahoma City. The symposium attracts national and international experts and tribal leaders to discuss topics connected to art, law and history. Such issues can be exchanged in a scholarly, non-adversarial environment.

After the Judicial Center renovation was complete, Kauger decorated the building with 70 pieces of Native American art works that she found in the Oklahoma History Center archives. She then collaborated with writer Gayleen Rabakukk and photographer Neil Chapman, while she served as editor herself.

Notable cases
On March 21, 2023, Kauger was in a 5-4 majority to declare the constitutional right to abortion in the state of Oklahoma. Kauger wrote a concurrence, discussing how women had the right to abortion even when they lacked many other rights such as the right to vote. Kauger wrote that because of doctors' reluctance to perform even emergency abortions, "the draconian law which allows no exception, in the absence of a medical emergency to preserve the life of the mother, may be a death sentence".

On May 31, 2023, Kauger was in a 6-3 majority striking down 2 Oklahoma abortion laws, one banning abortion after a fetal heartbeat without exceptions and the other being a total ban with some exceptions.

On November 14, 2023, by the original 5-4 vote, the Oklahoma Supreme Court maintained the "life of mother" exception for the abortion ban. Kauger wrote a 1 sentence concurrence:

"One of the dissents states:"Any analysis of an abortion statute that proceeds under the proposition that the life of the unborn is unworthy of consideration is defective."

Any analysis of an abortion statute that proceeds under the proposition that the life of the mother is unworthy of consideration is defective."

Achievements

 * Governor's Arts Awards
 * Woman of the Year by the Oklahoma City Chapter of Business and Professional Women's Club (1984)
 * Adopted by the Cheyenne-Arapaho tribes (1984)
 * Selected by High Noon as Woman of the Year (1985)
 * Honorary doctorate from Oklahoma City University (1991)
 * Herbert Harley Award by the American Judicature Society (1999)
 * Inducted into the Oklahoma Women's Hall of Fame (2001)
 * District State-Federal Judicial Council Hall of Fame
 * Co-founded annual Red Earth Festival.
 * Washita County Hall of Fame
 * First Coordinator of the Sovereignty Symposium (2016)

title: Yvonne Kauger


text:
User:Bschmidt

I am very exciting about Wikipedia. Previously I have written for old-line media, I have given lectures, and am the author of Data Modeling for Information Professionals and Infostructor. I find this process brutal. My hope is that this will lead to very good content.

title: User:Bschmidt


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Qilich Arslan I

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was REDIRECT to Kilij Arslan I. -Splash talk 21:53, 19 September 2005 (UTC)

Qilich Arslan I
A Pointless article. Too short to be considered a stub. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Nessuno834 (talk • contribs) 03:40, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Even a single sentence is better than nothing though tbh! — Preceding unsigned comment added by 80.5.160.6 (talk • contribs) 16:08, 31 August 2005 (UTC)
 * This vfd nomination was orphaned. Listing now.  Keep, expand . —Cryptic (talk) 08:20, 9 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect Kilij Arslan I. —Cryptic (talk) 11:50, 9 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Kappa 10:28, 9 September 2005 (UTC) redirect. Kappa 11:53, 9 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Substub. Speedy delete per CSD #A1. - Mgm|(talk) 11:31, September 9, 2005 (UTC)
 * How does "Turkish" and "Sultan" not provide context? Kappa 11:53, 9 September 2005 (UTC)
 * redirect Kilij Arslan I --Terry 14:40, 9 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect per Cryptic et al. Alf melmac 21:16, 9 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect as per Cryptic. Capitalistroadster 00:20, 10 September 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
The Job (police newspaper)

The Job is the official newspaper of London's Metropolitan Police Service.

The newspaper was first published on 11 November 1967 and was initially published by the Public Relations Department of the Metropolitan Police. Up until March 2006, the paper was published every two weeks by Trident Communications, on behalf of the Metropolitan Police. In 2006, the contract to publish The Job was won by Square One Publishing.

It is now a free monthly magazine primarily intended for officers and police staff.

title: The Job (police newspaper)


text:
James Jones (basketball, born 1980)

James Andrew Jones (born October 4, 1980) is an American professional basketball executive and former player. He is both the president of basketball operations and general manager for the Phoenix Suns. He played 14 seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA).

Jones was a four-year letterman at American High School in Hialeah, Florida. He averaged 25 points per game as a senior, earning Class 6A Player of the Year and First-team All-State honors. Jones played college basketball for the Miami Hurricanes of the University of Miami, where he was a three-year starter and finished his career averaging 11 points per game. He was named Third-team All-Big East his junior year and Second-team Verizon Academic All-American his senior year. He was inducted into the University of Miami Sports Hall of Fame in 2014.

Jones was drafted by the Indiana Pacers in the second round of the 2003 NBA draft. He went on to play for the Pacers, Phoenix Suns, Portland Trail Blazers, Miami Heat and Cleveland Cavaliers. He won three NBA championships, two with the Heat and one with the Cavaliers. Jones was never on an NBA team with a losing record and only missed the playoffs once—with the Trail Blazers in 2007–08. He finished third in the NBA in three-point percentage during the 2007–08 season and won the Three-Point Contest in 2011. His nickname is "Champ".

Early life
Jones was a four-year letterman in basketball at American High School in Hialeah, Florida. He averaged 25.2 points, 12 rebounds, 2.5 assists, two steals, and six blocks per game his senior season, earning First-team All-State and First-team All-Dade honors. He was also named the Class 6A Player of the Year and the Miami Herald Boys' Basketball Player of the Year. Jones was the team MVP his junior and senior years and once blocked 16 shots in one game.

College career
Jones played college basketball for the Miami Hurricanes of the University of Miami from 1999 to 2003. During his time at Miami, he majored in finance, was a member of the National Honor Society, and had a 3.41 grade point average. He played in 33 games, averaging 3.9 points and 1.9 rebounds per game, during his freshman year in 1999. He started all 29 games for the Hurricanes his sophomore year, averaging 11.9 points, 5.9 rebounds, 1.2 assists, 1.2 steals and 1.6 blocks per game. Jones shot a team-best 41-of-87 on three-pointers for a .471 percentage. He started all 31 games for the team his junior season, averaging 12.8 points, 6.3 rebounds, 1.5 assists, 2.4 blocks and 1.3 steals, garnering Third-team All-Big East and 2002 Verizon Academic All-District III accolades. He started all 28 games his senior year, averaging 16.9 points, 6.0 rebounds, 1.8 assists, 1.6 steals and 1.8 blocks, earning Honorable Mention All-Big East and Second-team Verizon Academic All-American recognition. Jones led the team in blocks and rebounds as a senior. He played in 122 games, starting 89, during college and finished his career averaging 11.1 points, 5.0 rebounds, 1.2 assists, 1.1 steals and 1.6 blocks per game. He started 89 consecutive games from the 2000–01 season to the 2002–03 season. He also earned Big East All-Academic honors all four seasons and was the Hurricanes' first Verizon Academic All-American selection. He was inducted into the University of Miami Sports Hall of Fame in 2014.

Indiana Pacers (2003–2005)
The 6'8" (203 cm), 215 lb (98 kg) small forward was picked 49th by the Indiana Pacers in the 2003 NBA draft. He played in only 26 total minutes over six games during his rookie campaign in 2003–04 and missed 66 games due to a variety of injuries. He was also a DNP-CD (did not play – coach's decision) in ten games.

Jones played in 75 games, starting 24, for the Pacers during the 2004–05 season, averaging 4.9 points per game while also ranking 25th in the NBA and leading the team in three-point conversion percentage (39.8%). He saw increased playing time during the season as a result of a brawl between the Pacers and Detroit Pistons on November 19, 2004, that caused small forward Ron Artest to be suspended for the remainder of the season and shooting guard Stephen Jackson to be suspended 30 games. Jones was a DNP-CD in seven games. He scored a career-high 27 points on 10-of-14 shooting while going 6-of 9-from three-point range on November 28, 2004, against the Seattle SuperSonics.

Phoenix Suns (2005–2007)
Jones was traded by the Pacers to the Phoenix Suns on August 25, 2005, in exchange for a 2008 second-round draft pick. He played in 75 games, starting 24, for the Suns during the 2005–06 season, averaging 9.3 points, 3.4 rebounds and 23.6 minutes per game. He missed seven games due to a variety of injuries. Jones's turnover percentage of 5.23 turnovers committed per 100 plays during the 2005–06 season set an NBA record for lowest single-season turnover percentage. It was fourth place on the all-time list as of the end of the 2015–16 season. The NBA did not start recording individual turnovers until the 1977–78 season.

He appeared in 76 games, with 7 starts, for the team during the 2006–07 season, averaging 6.4 points, 2.3 rebounds and 18.1 minutes a game. He was a DNP-CD six times. Jones made 45 consecutive free throws from January 5 to March 29, the longest consecutive free throws made streak in the NBA during the 2006–07 season.

Portland Trail Blazers (2007–2008)
In June 2007, Jones was traded to the Portland Trail Blazers along with the draft rights to Rudy Fernandez, the 24th pick in the 2007 NBA draft, in exchange for cash considerations. In late January 2008, Jones was leading the NBA in three-point percentage with a percentage slightly over 50%. He missed 12 games from February 4 to 27 with a knee injury. He had also missed 12 games in November 2007 due to knee problems, spending five games on the inactive list and seven as a DNP-CD. Jones finished the 2007–08 season third in the league in three-point percentage with a percentage of 44.4%. Despite his good shooting for the year, he was not selected to participate in the Three-Point Contest during the 2008 NBA All-Star Game, much to the chagrin of Trail Blazers fans. He played in 58 games, starting 3, during the season while averaging 8.0 points, 2.8 rebounds and 22.0 minutes per game. The Trail Blazers finished the 2007–08 season with a 41–41 record. That season was the only time in Jones's NBA career that he missed the playoffs. He was also never on a team with a losing record. On June 26, 2008, he used his player option to opt out of his contract with the Trail Blazers, making him a free agent for the off-season.

Miami Heat (2008–2014)
On July 9, 2008, Jones signed a contract with his hometown team, the Miami Heat. He earned $4 million in his first year of a potential five-year contract, worth up to $23.2 million. The first two years were guaranteed, while the final three were options held by both the Heat and Jones. He played in forty games, starting one, for the Heat during the 2008–09 season, averaging 4.2 points, 1.6 rebounds and 15.8 minutes per game. Jones missed 36 games due to right wrist injures and was a DNP-CD six games. He started all seven of the team's playoff games that season. He completed two four-point plays in a span of eleven seconds in a playoff loss to the Atlanta Hawks on April 29, 2009.

He appeared in 36 games, with 6 starts, for the team during the 2009–10 season while averaging 4.1 points, 1.3 rebounds and 14.0 minutes a game. He missed one game due to an intestinal virus and was a DNP-CD 35 times. Jones was also healthy but on the inactive list ten games. On June 29, 2010, he was released to clear salary cap space worth $400,000. On July 19, 2010, Jones was re-signed by the Heat for the league minimum. He played in 81 games, starting 8, for the team during the 2010–11 season, averaging 5.9 points, 2.0 rebounds and 19.1 minutes per game. He missed one game as a DNP-CD. Jones led the Heat in games played, three-point field goals made with 123, three-point field goals attempted with 287 and charges drawn with 29. He finished seventh in the NBA in three-point field goal percentage with a .429 shooting percentage. He also had the lowest turnover percentage in the NBA during the 2010–11 season, committing an average of 5.27 turnovers per 100 plays. This was the second best single-season turnover percentage in NBA history, behind Jones's own record of 5.23 from the 2005–06 season. His 5.27 percentage is now fifth place while his 5.23 percentage is fourth place on the all-time list as of the end of the 2015–16 season. On February 19, 2011, he won the Three-Point Contest in Los Angeles at Staples Center. Jones scored a playoff career-high 25 points on 5-of-7 shooting from three-point range and 10-of-10 free throw shooting on May 1, 2011, against the Boston Celtics. The Heat went on to make the 2011 NBA Finals where they lost to the Dallas Mavericks, 4 games to 2.

On December 9, 2011, he re-signed with the Heat to a three-year, $4.5 million contract. In the 2011–12 season, an impressive playoff run by the Heat culminated in his first NBA championship, and the franchise's second as they defeated the Oklahoma City Thunder in the 2012 NBA Finals, 4 games to 1. Jones played in 51 games, starting 10, for the Heat during the season while averaging 3.6 points, 1.0 rebounds and 13.1 minutes per game. He was a DNP-CD 15 times. He finished third place in the 2012 Three-Point Shootout in Orlando.

Jones played in 38 games for the Heat during the 2012–13 season while averaging 1.6 points, 0.6 rebounds and 5.8 minutes. He was a DNP-CD for 43 games and missed another game for personal reasons. He won his second championship when the Heat defeated the San Antonio Spurs in seven games. In 2013–14, the Heat made the 2014 NBA Finals as they recorded their fourth straight Finals appearance. Miami faced the Spurs again but this time, the Heat went on to lose in five games. He played in 20 games, starting 6, during the season, averaging 4.9 points, 1.2 rebounds and 11.8 minutes. He was on the inactive list for 21 games.

Cleveland Cavaliers (2014–2017)
On August 5, 2014, Jones signed with the Cleveland Cavaliers. LeBron James, Jones's teammate with the Heat, had asked him to come join him in Cleveland. The Cavaliers won the Eastern Conference championship and advanced to the NBA Finals. Facing the Golden State Warriors, the Cavaliers lost the series in six games. Jones played in 57 games, starting 2, for the Cavaliers during the 2014–15 season while averaging 4.4 points, 1.1 rebounds and 11.7 minutes a game. He was a DNP-CD for 25 games.

On July 25, 2015, Jones re-signed with the Cavaliers. In a December 2015 article on ESPN.com by Dave McMenamin, LeBron James said "He's my favorite player of all time" and "He's the greatest teammate I've ever had" in regards to Jones. The Cavaliers won the Eastern Conference championship for the second year in a row and went on to win the 2016 NBA championship, becoming the first team in history to win the championship after being down 3–1 in the Finals, as Jones won his third title in five years. He played in 48 games during the 2015–16 season while averaging 3.7 points, 1.0 rebounds and 9.6 minutes a game. He was a DNP-CD for 34 games. He was also one of twelve players nominated for the Twyman–Stokes Teammate of the Year Award, finishing tenth place in the voting. On June 26, 2016, Cavaliers teammate Kevin Love called Jones "the best teammate I've ever had".

On August 3, 2016, Jones re-signed with the Cavaliers. On January 19, 2017, he started in place of an injured Kevin Love and scored 14 points in a 118–103 win over the Phoenix Suns. It was his first start since April 2, 2015. The Cavaliers won the Eastern Conference championship for the third year in a row, as Jones and teammate LeBron James joined Bill Russell, Bob Cousy, K. C. Jones, Sam Jones, Tom Heinsohn, and Frank Ramsey (all from the Boston Celtics) as the only players in NBA history to reach seven consecutive NBA Finals. Facing the Golden State Warriors in the Finals for the third straight year, the Cavaliers lost the series in five games. Jones played in 48 games, starting 2, for the Cavaliers during the 2016–17 season while averaging 2.8 points, 0.8 rebounds and 7.9 minutes a game.

Jones' final NBA game ever was Game 4 of that 2017 Finals series against the Warriors on June 9, 2017 where Cleveland would win the game 137–116 with Jones playing only the last 2 minutes of the game and recording no stats.

Phoenix Suns (2017–present)
On July 19, 2017, Jones was named the Director of Player Personnel for the Phoenix Suns, effectively ending his 14-year NBA career. On October 8, 2018, Jones was named an interim general manager for the Phoenix Suns alongside assistant general manager Trevor Bukstein after firing the previous general manager, Ryan McDonough. During the 2018–19 season, he orchestrated two trades for the Suns to acquire more veteran players to help improve the team's play: trading Trevor Ariza for Kelly Oubre Jr. in December 2018 and Ryan Anderson for Tyler Johnson in February 2019. On April 11, 2019, the Suns removed the interim tag from Jones' title, naming him the team's general manager, with Bukstein remaining as assistant general manager.

During the 2019 off-season, Jones orchestrated changes that appeared questionable on the surface, such as firing head coach Igor Kokoškov after only one season (albeit hiring Monty Williams soon afterward), executing multiple trades in the 2019 NBA draft, including T. J. Warren to the Indiana Pacers for cash considerations, trading down from the 6th pick to pick up both Dario Šarić and the 11th draft pick (Cameron Johnson) from the Minnesota Timberwolves, and trading a late 2020 first round pick to the Boston Celtics for Aron Baynes and the 24th pick (Ty Jerome), and even picking up Ricky Rubio in free agency via trading multiple picks and players with the Memphis Grizzlies to free up more salary. Despite the mixed reception, Jones' moves would help the Suns achieve their best record in five seasons, before the COVID-19 pandemic hit U.S. shores in 2020, with a 26–39 record before the season was suspended. When the season resumed in the 2020 NBA Bubble, the Suns managed to finish with an 8–0 run in Orlando, with their only significant roster change adding G League guard Cameron Payne.

With the surprising improvement in the bubble, Jones orchestrated another major trade in November 2020, this time trading Kelly Oubre Jr., Ricky Rubio, Ty Jerome, Jalen Lecque, and a protected 2022 first-round pick to the Oklahoma City Thunder for Abdel Nader and All-Star point guard Chris Paul. Jones looked to bolster team depth in the delayed 2020 NBA draft period by selecting Jalen Smith at pick 10 and picking up Jae Crowder, E'Twaun Moore, Langston Galloway, and Damian Jones in the shortened 2020 free agency period in the hopes of ending their decade-long playoff drought. The Suns wound up making the 2021 NBA playoffs for the first time since 2010. Because of the Suns' dramatic improvement, Jones earned the 2020–21 NBA Executive of the Year Award. The Suns would reach the 2021 NBA Finals, but lost the series in 6 games to the Milwaukee Bucks.

After the following season provided the franchise their best regular season record (which included signings of players like JaVale McGee and Bismack Biyombo to improve their center depth), Jones was promoted from general manager to President of Basketball Operations and general manager (through acting team governor Sam Garvin) on November 28, 2022.

Personal life
Jones is a Christian. He and his wife Destiny have a son named James Dylan Jones and two daughters named Jadynn Alyssa Jones and Jodie Marissa Jones. Jones's nicknames include "Champ", "J. J." and "JHoops" (pronounced Joops). The James Jones Legacy Foundation was founded in 2009. He is also a managing partner of the consulting firm Jones and Jones Strategic Consulting. Jones previously owned an urban redevelopment company called James Jones Ventures. He began hosting an annual basketball camp called JHoops Live in 2009. He also runs a camp called Crew 22 Training Camp. Jones appeared on the television show Kitchen Nightmares in 2010.

Jones's uncle, Ricky Gutiérrez, played in Major League Baseball. Jones's aunt, Lisa Jones played basketball at the University of Miami from 1988 to 1990. His cousin Mionsha Gay also played at the University of Miami. His aunt, Hope Jones, and his cousin, Shelnita Jackson, played basketball at Barry University. Jones's father Jay Lee played at Southern University while his uncle Mitchell Lee played at the University of Minnesota and his cousin Shawn Brailsford played at Marshall University.

Jones was previously the secretary-treasurer of the NBA Players Association (NBPA).

Awards and honors

 * As player
 * 3× NBA champion – 2011–12, 2012–13, 2015–16
 * NBA Three-Point Contest champion – 2010–11
 * All-Big East Conference Third-team – 2001–02
 * 4× Big East All-Academic Team – 1999–2000, 2000–01, 2001–02, 2002–03
 * Honorable Mention All-Big East Conference Team – 2002–03
 * Verizon Academic All-American – 2002–03
 * Verizon Academic All-District III selection – 2001–02
 * Inducted into University of Miami Sports Hall of Fame – 2014
 * Class 6A Player of the Year in Florida – 1998–99
 * First-team All-State Selection – 1998–99
 * First-team All-Dade County selection – 1998–99
 * Miami Herald Boys' Basketball Player of the Year – 1998–99

 * As executive
 * 2020–21 NBA Executive of the Year

title: James Jones (basketball, born 1980)


text:
Janie Fricke

Jane Marie Fricke (born December 19, 1947 ), known professionally as Janie Fricke, is an American country music singer, songwriter, record producer, and clothing designer. She has placed seventeen singles in the top ten of the US Billboard Hot Country Songs chart. Eight of these songs reached the number one spot on the Country music chart. She has also won accolades from the Academy of Country Music, Country Music Association and has been nominated for four Grammy Awards.

Fricke was born and raised in Indiana. She was surrounded by music from a young age and began performing locally. Fricke attended Indiana University Bloomington, where she participated in the vocal group the Singing Hoosiers. Her participation in the organization led to further opportunities as a commercial jingle singer. She later moved to Nashville, Tennessee, where she was hired as part of a background vocal group called The Lea Jane Singers. As part of the quartet, Fricke sang background vocals on songs recorded by country artists in the 1970s. On one occasion, Fricke was asked to sing a solo part on a song by Johnny Duncan called "Stranger". It was released as a single and her uncredited vocal part attracted attention within the country music community. Nashville record label Columbia Records took particular interest in Fricke and signed her to a solo contract in 1977.

Fricke's early material explored diverse styles of music. Unsure of how to identify her material, disc jockeys gave her singles limited airplay. Songs like "What're You Doing Tonight" failed to become major hits and her producer suggested that she focus on one musical style. With a focus centered on ballads, Fricke's next releases proved to be successful. In 1981, she reached the top ten of the country charts with the song "Down to My Last Broken Heart". Over the next decade, Fricke had a series of top ten country singles. Six of these songs reached the number one spot including "Don't Worry 'Bout Me Baby", "Tell Me a Lie" and "Your Heart's Not in It". In the 1980s, Fricke also acted on The Dukes of Hazzard television series and designed belts and other clothing products.

In the early 1990s, Fricke left Columbia Records and signed with the smaller Intersound label. During the early 1990s, the label released three albums of her material including a collection of gospel songs called Crossroads: Hymns of Faith (1992). At the end of the decade, Fricke formed her own record label and released several albums of material beginning with Bouncin' Back (2000). In 2004, she revived her catalog with a reworking of her former hits on the studio album The Bluegrass Sessions. Fricke has since continued to perform and record, most recently releasing a Christmas collection in 2020 called A Cowgirl Country Christmas.

Early life
Jane Marie Fricke was born in South Whitley, Indiana, United States, to parents Waldemar and Phyllis Fricke. Both her parents had an appreciation for music. Her father taught her to play the guitar, while her mother taught her the piano. Her mother often brought home sheet music that Fricke would play and sing. "All I ever wanted to do was sing," she told author Sheree Homer in 2019. Fricke also performed outside the home at school functions. Inspired by folk artists Joan Baez and Judy Collins, Fricke also performed at local coffeehouses with her guitar. After high school, Fricke attended Indiana University Bloomington. While at college, Fricke joined the student performance group the Singing Hoosiers. The group performed nationally and internationally. Following a rehearsal, she saw an advertisement that was looking for singers who could record commercial jingles. Fricke eventually took the position and later performed commercial jingles for national advertisement campaigns including Red Lobster. In 1972, Fricke graduated from Indiana University with a Bachelor's degree in elementary education.

1972–1979: Background singing and early releases at Columbia Records
In 1972, Fricke moved to Los Angeles, California, in hopes of finding work as a background singer for recording studios. She found limited opportunities in California but did win a talent contest. Watching the contest that day was a country music producer who offered Fricke a secretarial job if she moved to Nashville, Tennessee. Fricke accepted and moved to Nashville in 1975. While working as a secretary, she auditioned for The Lea Jane Singers, a singing quartet that added background vocals to Nashville recording sessions. Fricke joined the quartet and sang soprano.

During the mid-1970s, Fricke appeared on more than 5,000 records as part of The Lea Jane Singers, making an estimated one hundred thousand dollars per year. The quartet added backing vocals to the sessions of artists like Lynn Anderson, Elvis Presley and Tanya Tucker. In 1976, Fricke recorded a solo background vocal to Johnny Duncan's top five country hit "Stranger". Fricke was not credited on the single's release, but her solo interested radio listeners and disc jockeys. She also sang background on several more Duncan records including "Thinkin' of a Rendezvous" and "It Couldn't Have Been Any Better". Her solo vocal got the attention of Columbia Records, who offered her a recording contract as a solo artist. However, Fricke was hesitant about becoming a solo artist and chose not to accept the offer right away. After consulting friends for advice, Fricke accepted the contract and signed with Columbia in 1977.

Fricke began working with producer Billy Sherrill at the label. He recorded Fricke's debut single called "What're You Doing Tonight". It only reached number 21 on the Billboard Hot Country Songs chart but led to Fricke's first nomination from the Grammy Awards. In March 1978, Columbia released her debut studio album Singer of Songs. The disc spawned two more charting singles, including a cover of Hank Locklin's "Please Help Me, I'm Falling (In Love with You)". The cover reached number 12 on the Billboard country chart and number four on Canada's RPM country chart. In her early days at Columbia, Fricke continued providing background and harmony work to other performers. In 1978, she was featured in the background of Charlie Rich's "On My Knees". This time, she was given credit on the single's release. The song later topped the Billboard country chart.

In March 1979, Fricke's second album Love Notes was released. Her second to be produced by Sherrill, Love Notes mixed the stylings of traditional country with country pop. Of its three singles, only "I'll Love Away Your Troubles for Awhile" reached the top 20 in the United States. On Canada's RPM chart, the same song climbed to the number four spot. Later in 1979, Fricke's fourth album was released called From the Heart. The disc included new material but also included covers that ranged in material from Doris Day to Johnny Rodriguez. By this point, Fricke was having challenges establishing a musical identity. With a diverse musical output, disc jockeys were unsure about playing her records. Critics also took notice of her versatality. AllMusic's Jim Worbois commented, "Fricke has a big voice and gives the impression she can do a lot with it. She just never gets around to it on this record. Maybe it's the songs or maybe the arrangements, but she never seems to get into these songs or comes close to putting any emotion in her performances."

1980–1989: Commercial peak
Fricke's uncertainty with her musical direction prompted producer Billy Sherrill to suggest that Fricke choose one style to record. In 1980, she started focusing on ballads and teamed with producer Jim Ed Norman. He produced her next single "Down to My Last Broken Heart". It climbed to the number two spot on the Billboard and RPM country charts. The track was released on her fifth studio record titled I'll Need Someone to Hold Me When I Cry (1980), which became her first to chart the Billboard country albums survey. The album was a collection of ballads recorded in a country two-step style. The disc's title track became a top five single on the American country songs chart in 1981. Her 1981 album Sleeping with Your Memory offered a similar musical style and featured her first number one Billboard hit "Don't Worry 'bout Me Baby".

In 1982, Fricke collaborated with producer Bob Montgomery and transitioned towards an up-tempo country-pop sound. This was represented on her seventh studio disc It Ain't Easy. Writers Mary A. Bufwack and Robert K. Oermann described her new approach as a "tougher, huskier style" while author Kurt Wolff called it "bouncy" and "clean cut". The disc reached number 15 on the Billboard country LP's chart and spawned the number one hits "He's a Heartache (Looking for a Place to Happen)" and the title track. Fricke followed it with 1983's Love Lies. The disc climbed to number ten on the Billboard country chart, her highest-charting LP yet. It also spawned the up-tempo number one country single "Let's Stop Talkin' About It" and the number one country ballad "Tell Me a Lie". Fricke reflected on the success brought on by her stylistic changes: "I guess ballads are my favorites, too, although I can handle medium-tempo things pretty good, too." Fricke was also a top-selling concert attraction during this period. Her stage shows often featured movement and brightly colored outfits. Fricke's popularity led to her winning the Female Vocalist of the Year accolade from the Country Music Association in both 1982 and 1983.

Fricke joined Merle Haggard in 1984 to add harmony and background vocals to his album It's All in the Game. She was given credit on the release of Haggard's single "A Place to Fall Apart", which climbed to the number one spot on American and Canadian country charts. Fricke provided similar harmony work to George Jones's 1984 LP Ladies' Choice. During the decade, she also collaborated on a duet with Ray Charles called "Who Cares". A duet with Larry Gatlin titled "From Time to Time (It Feels Like Love Again)" made the top 40 of the Billboard country chart.

In 1984, she teamed up again with Bob Montgomery for her eighth album The First Word in Memory. It included her next number one single "Your Heart's Not in It", Fricke returned to a traditional country approach for her next album Somebody Else's Fire. In describing the project's material, Fricke told the Chicago Tribune, "They have more of a medium beat and basic country feel. We even use a steel guitar on a couple of them.". James Crispell of AllMusic praised its musical approach: "[a] typically fine collection of tunes from one of the finest contemporary country singers of the '80s." The album spawned the top five American and Canadian country songs "She's Single Again", "Easy to Please" and the title track. In 1986, Fricke collaborated with producer Norro Wilson for her next studio offering Black & White. Kurt Wolff of Country Music: The Rough Guide noticed a "bluesier and almost gutsier vocal sound" on the disc. The album became her first to reach the top of the Billboard country LP's chart. Its lead single "Always Have, Always Will" reached the number one spot in the United States and Canada.

By the late 1980s, Fricke had become frustrated with people mispronouncing her last name. On her next several releases, she changed the spelling of it to "Frickie": "We decided that since people like Phil Collins from England and Charlie Daniels can't pronounce my name -- they always say Frick -- we'd spell it 'Frickie' on the new album. That'll teach them," she told The Washington Post. Her 1987 album After Midnight was her second to feature her new last name. It was also her second produced by Norro Wilson. The record's lead single was a cover of the Rusty Draper pop hit "Are You Satisfied". It became her last to reach the Billboard country top 40. She returned in 1988 with a collection of ballads titled Saddle the Wind, which charted at number 64 on the Billboard country LP's chart. Her final album with Columbia Records was 1989's Labor of Love, which also reached the number 64 position on the country LP's chart. Both singles released from the record peaked outside the country top 40, with "Give 'em My Number" being her last to chart in the United States.

1990–present: Move to independent albums
In 1990, Fricke was dropped by Columbia Records. Following her departure, she worked theaters in Branson, Missouri, a city that drew audiences that had an appreciation for veteran country performers. "The records I've had are career records, and that's why I get to keep working. I'm lucky that way, and I hope to work another 10 years this way," she told The Journal Times. In 1992, Fricke signed with the smaller Intersound label. Her projects with Intersound would later be distributed by their imprint label Branson Entertainment. Her first Intersound release was a 1991 eponymous studio record. The album featured production credits from Fricke's then-husband Randy Jackson. The project spawned the single "I Want to Grow Old with You". It was her final single to make a major chart appearance, reaching number 74 on the RPM country survey. From 1991 to 1998 she was a regular performer for the Statler brothers show on TNN. For her next project, Fricke was encouraged by fans to record an album of gospel music. In 1992, she released the album Crossroads: Hymns of Faith. The disc was her first collection of gospel recordings in her career. Fricke's final Intersound/Branson release was 1993's Now & Then. The album was a revisited collection of Fricke's catalog in which she re-recorded her most well-known material.

In the new millennium, Fricke launched her own record label titled JMF. In 2000, she released her first JMF album called Bouncin' Back. The disc was produced by Fricke herself and contained contemporary country recordings. For the first time in her career, she promoted and sold the album entirely through the internet. In the early 2000s, a public interest started growing with Texas country music. This prompted Smith Music Group president Rick Smith to encourage several artists to record live albums for his label. Along with Roy Clark and Merle Haggard, Smith chose Fricke as an artist to join his roster. In 2002, Smith Music released Fricke's first live album titled Live at Billy Bob's Texas. The project was recorded at a dance hall in Fort Worth, Texas called "Billy Bob's", which first opened in 1981. The disc was sold exclusively on television and was promoted in partnership with the Dodge automotive company.

In 2004, Fricke recorded a new album project titled The Bluegrass Sessions. The disc was a re-recorded collection of her former hit singles that were produced in bluegrass format. The Bluegrass Sessions gathered a group of bluegrass pickers and session musicians that were often used in the genre. The project was released on DM Records in 2004. In 2012, it was re-released on New Music Deals and re-titled as The Country Side of Bluegrass. Both bluegrass collections received mixed reviews from writers and journalists. AllMusic's Greg Adams gave The Bluegrass Sessions 4.5 out of five stars and praised its overall quality: "[Her biggest hits] adapt so well to the bluegrass treatment that traditionalists may prefer the remakes over the originals, especially since the arrangements hew closely to a traditional bluegrass sound with acoustic instrumentation, fiddles and banjo." Meanwhile, NPR's Ken Tucker found her voice to have aged but still had emotional depth. "Janie Fricke uses the urgency she feels to sustain her career to flood her bluegrass with compelling emotion," he concluded.

In 2008, Fricke returned to her own music label to release a studio album of new country recordings titled Roses & Lace. In the years that followed, she spent time touring and working on other projects outside of music. In 2020, she returned to recording with her first studio album of Christmas music titled A Cowgirl Country Christmas. Fricke produced the project, along with second husband Jeff Steele and assistant Sony Morris. The disc featured a lead single composed by Fricke titled "The Followers".

Musical styles and voice
Fricke's musical style is rooted in the country genre. She also incorporated elements of pop, adult contemporary and country pop. During her career, Fricke shifted between different styles as she worked with different producers. Her early Columbia singles were geared towards classic country, but she shifted towards country pop and adult contemporary with songs like "It Ain't Easy Bein' Easy", "Tell Me a Lie" and "If the Fall Don't Get You". Writers have described her style in terms of likability. Authors Mary A. Bufwack and Robert K. Oermann explained in 2003, "Janie was the sweet, smiley-voiced singer of likeable radio hits who tried to vamp up her image with flashy costumes and bouncy choreography. When the dust settled, she was still a sweet singer of likeable radio hits." AllMusic's Mark Deming remarked, "Though her most popular songs were rooted in country, she also had a gift for pop songs, and she could incorporate adult contemporary sounds into her recordings and still let her personality shine."

Fricke's vocal ability has also been the subject of discussion amongst music commentators. Mark Deming wrote, "Fricke had a high, clear voice that showed surprising strength and dramatic power, and she enjoyed success as a duet partner with Charlie Rich, Merle Haggard, and Johnny Duncan as well as her own long run of singles." Bufwack and Oermann explained that in the early 1980s, her vocals strengthened as she cut "hard-edged material" that demonstrated the "finest" performances of her career. Meanwhile, writer Greg Adams commented that Fricke's experience as a background vocalist limited her uniqueness: "Certainly Fricke is a talented vocalist who has sold many records, but she has not forged a unique identity with her music, and consequently the real allure of these singles is in the songwriting rather than the uniqueness of the performances."

Other career ventures
In the 1980s, Fricke began taking career opportunities outside of music. In 1984, she started designing belts and clothes. Fricke's apparel was featured in several department stores during the decade. In regards to her different ventures she commented, "I am not a goal-setter. I would never do that. I just like to work hard and take it like it comes. Everything will work out for the best." Also in 1984, Fricke guest starred in one episode of The Dukes of Hazzard. She played the role of Ginny, a jewel thief who hid money in the dashboard of a getaway car that was later to become the General Lee. In 1985, Fricke established the Janie Fricke Scholarship at Indiana University to benefit gifted students in the School of Music. The scholarships are open to active members of the Singing Hoosiers vocal ensemble who demonstrate financial need. She has also participated in the Country Music Hall of Fame Fundraising Campaign with other artists such as Naomi Judd and Gretchen Wilson.

Personal life
Fricke has been married twice. She began dating Johnny Rodriguez's road manager Randy Jackson in the early 1980s. Jackson proposed to Fricke over the telephone through a radio program. In September 1982, she wed Randy Jackson in a small ceremony at her mother's farm in South Whitley, Indiana. Hours after their wedding, Fricke gave a free concert to seven thousand fans at a local Indiana festival. Jackson would later become Fricke's manager. For many years the pair lived on a historic farm located in Lancaster, Texas, that was home to a variety of animals including buffalo. The pair later divorced and she remarried musician Jeff Steele in 1995. Steele later became Fricke's manager and a drummer in her touring band. When she began performing with less frequency, Steele began a career in local politics and was elected mayor of Wilmer, Texas, in 2009.

Discography
Studio albums
 * Singer of Songs (1978)
 * Love Notes (1979)
 * From the Heart (1979)
 * Nice 'n' Easy (with Johnny Duncan) (1980)
 * I'll Need Someone to Hold Me When I Cry (1980)
 * Sleeping with Your Memory (1981)
 * It Ain't Easy (1982)
 * Love Lies (1983)
 * The First Word in Memory (1984)
 * Somebody Else's Fire (1985)
 * Black & White (1986)
 * After Midnight (1987)
 * Saddle the Wind (1988)
 * Labor of Love (1989)
 * Great Movie Themes (1991)
 * Janie Fricke (1991)
 * Crossroads: Hymns of Faith (1992)
 * Now & Then (1993)
 * Bouncin' Back (2000)
 * Tributes to My Heroes (2003)
 * The Bluegrass Sessions (2004)
 * Golden Legends: Janie Fricke (2006)
 * Roses & Lace (2008)
 * A Cowgirl Country Christmas (2020)

Awards and nominations
!Ref.
 * rowspan="2"| 1977
 * Academy of Country Music
 * Top New Female Vocalist
 * Nominated
 * align="center"|
 * 20th Annual Grammy Awards
 * Best Female Country Vocal Performance – "What're You Doing Tonight"
 * Nominated
 * align="center" rowspan="2"|
 * rowspan="3"| 1978
 * 21st Annual Grammy Awards
 * Best Country Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal – (with Charlie Rich)
 * Nominated
 * rowspan="2"| Country Music Association
 * Female Vocalist of the Year
 * Nominated
 * align="center" rowspan="2"|
 * Vocal Duo of the Year – (with Johnny Duncan)
 * Nominated
 * rowspan="3"| 1979
 * Music City News Country
 * Best New Female Vocalist of the Year
 * Won
 * align="center"|
 * rowspan="3"| Country Music Association
 * Female Vocalist of the Year
 * Nominated
 * align="center" rowspan="3"|
 * Vocal Duo of the Year – (with Johnny Duncan)
 * Nominated
 * 1980
 * Vocal Duo of the Year – (with Johnny Duncan)
 * Nominated
 * rowspan="2"| 1982
 * Academy of Country Music
 * Top Female Vocalist
 * Nominated
 * align="center"|
 * Country Music Association
 * Female Vocalist of the Year
 * Won
 * align="center"|
 * rowspan="4"| 1983
 * Academy of Country Music
 * Top Female Vocalist
 * Won
 * align="center"|
 * Music City News Country
 * Best Female Vocalist of the Year
 * Won
 * align="center"|
 * rowspan="2"| Country Music Association
 * Album of the Year – It Ain't Easy
 * Nominated
 * align="center" rowspan="2"|
 * Female Vocalist of the Year
 * Won
 * rowspan="4"| 1984
 * 27th Annual Grammy Awards
 * Best Female Country Vocal Performance – "Your Heart's Not in It"
 * Nominated
 * align="center"|
 * Academy of Country Music
 * Top Female Vocalist
 * Nominated
 * align="center"|
 * Country Music Association
 * Female Vocalist of the Year
 * Nominated
 * align="center"|
 * American Music Awards of 1984
 * Favorite Country Female Artist
 * Nominated
 * align="center"|
 * rowspan="2"| 1985
 * 28th Annual Grammy Awards
 * Best Female Country Vocal Performance – "She's Single Again"
 * Nominated
 * align="center"|
 * Country Music Association
 * Female Vocalist of the Year
 * Nominated
 * align="center"|
 * rowspan="4"| 1986
 * rowspan="2"| Academy of Country Music
 * Single Record of the Year – "Always Have, Always Will"
 * Nominated
 * align="center" rowspan="2"|
 * Top Female Vocalist
 * Nominated
 * Country Music Association
 * Female Vocalist of the Year
 * Nominated
 * align="center"|
 * American Music Awards of 1986
 * Favorite Country Female Video Artist
 * Nominated
 * align="center"|
 * 1987
 * American Music Awards of 1987
 * Favorite Country Female Video Artist
 * Nominated
 * align="center"|
 * }
 * rowspan="4"| 1986
 * rowspan="2"| Academy of Country Music
 * Single Record of the Year – "Always Have, Always Will"
 * Nominated
 * align="center" rowspan="2"|
 * Top Female Vocalist
 * Nominated
 * Country Music Association
 * Female Vocalist of the Year
 * Nominated
 * align="center"|
 * American Music Awards of 1986
 * Favorite Country Female Video Artist
 * Nominated
 * align="center"|
 * 1987
 * American Music Awards of 1987
 * Favorite Country Female Video Artist
 * Nominated
 * align="center"|
 * }
 * American Music Awards of 1987
 * Favorite Country Female Video Artist
 * Nominated
 * align="center"|
 * }
 * }

title: Janie Fricke


text:
Talk:Hearst Tower (Manhattan)

External links modified
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Interior
The lead sentence for the Interiors paragraph does not make sense / confusing > Office space ceiling height vs. atrium??. One did not replace the other: "The Hearst Magazine Building initially contained office space with 11-foot (3.4 m) ceilings, which was replaced with a 95-foot-tall (29 m) atrium when the tower was built" Dogears (talk) 13:58, 8 July 2024 (UTC)

 * @Dogears, thanks for bringing this up. It is indeed the case that the atrium replaced the office space, and that the office space had 11-foot ceilings. The atrium did not replace the ceilings; it replaced the office space. Perhaps this can be worded better, so I'll rephrase that shortly. Epicgenius (talk) 13:14, 9 July 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Hearst Tower (Manhattan)


text:
Lopez Island Airport

Lopez Island Airport is a public use airport located three nautical miles (6 km) south of the central business district of Lopez, a village on Lopez Island in San Juan County, Washington, United States. It is owned by the Port of Lopez.

Facilities and aircraft
Lopez Island Airport covers an area of 93 acre at an elevation of 209 feet (64 m) above mean sea level. It has one runway designated 16/34 with an asphalt surface measuring 2,905 by 61 feet (885 x 19 m).

For the 12-month period ending December 31, 2021, the airport had 10,004 aircraft operations, an average of 27 per day: 75% general aviation, 25% air taxi, and <1% military. At that time there were 26 aircraft based at this airport: 25 single-engine, and 1 multi-engine.

title: Lopez Island Airport


text:
Tom Batiuk

Thomas Martin Batiuk (born March 14, 1947) is an American comic strip creator, best known for his long-running newspaper strip Funky Winkerbean.

Career
Born in Akron, Ohio, Batiuk attended Kent State University, from which he graduated in 1969 with a Bachelor of Fine Arts degree, majoring in painting. He went on to teach art in junior high school. He put his experiences to use in his gag-a-day Funky Winkerbean, which first appeared in print on March 27, 1972. With the success of the strip, he abandoned his teaching career, occasionally returning to the classroom to refresh his sources. He authored two spinoff strips, John Darling, which ran from 1979 through 1990, ending with the death of the title character, and Crankshaft, which began syndication in 1987. These strips sometimes experience crossovers.

Over the years, Batiuk's strips have taken on an increasing narrative continuity. Starting in 1986, Funky, and to a lesser extent Crankshaft, sometimes abandoned humor to explore serious, even tragic subject matter. Funky Winkerbean has been time-jumped twice, first aging the characters to their late 20s early 30s and a second jump pushed them into late middle age. Crankshaft was never jumped, but he is shown in crossovers to suffer a rather painful retirement.

His stories often involve strong drama elements combined with generally rosy outcomes or ending with a pun. They also show a strong belief in God, as well as sympathies for the American military. On the other hand, Funky Winkerbean dealt very critically with Intelligent Design, and two students in the strip even did a pro-evolution take-off on Johnny Hart's B.C. Funky Winkerbean has dealt with teen suicide and breast cancer, the latter of which mirrored Batiuk's own wife's diagnosis and treatment. Batiuk was a finalist for the Pulitzer Prize in 2008 for the comic strips involving breast cancer.

Personal life
Batiuk lives in Medina, Ohio.

title: Tom Batiuk


text:
Firehouse Tales

Firehouse Tales is an American animated children's television series created by Sidney J. Bailey, produced by Warner Bros. Animation as the only original series for Cartoon Network's now-defunct Tickle-U preschool programming block. The series follows three anthropomorphic fire engines who attend firefighting school.

Characters

 * Red (voiced by Jesse Moss) is a red fire engine and the main character in the show who never gives up. He loves nature and the outdoors but most of all, he loves making new friends. Sometimes, he is the leader of the firetruck team. The episode "New Truck on the Block" reveals his first day in Green Meadows. His catchphrase is "The sirens say help's on the way!"
 * Petrol (voiced by Michael Adamthwaite) is an orange fire engine from Scotland who is sometimes afraid but manages to find the courage inside himself. According to his song "I'm Petrol the Fire Truck", he came before Crabby and Red did.
 * Crabby (voiced by Richard Cox) is a grumpy yellow fire engine who sometimes complains about his job and who likes the "great indoors" better than the outdoors but sometimes enjoys the outdoors.
 * The Chief (voiced by Ron Halder) is the dark blue fire engine who is the leader of the three junior firetrucks (Red, Petrol, and Crabby). He tells them exactly what to do at any given time. He sometimes puts Red in charge of the team and sometimes leads the team whenever an emergency occurs.
 * Mayor Precious Primly (voiced by Ellen Kennedy) is the mayor who runs Green Meadows and works for The Chief.
 * Stinky Bins (voiced by David "Squatch" Ward) is the green garbage truck of Green Meadows. He is used to his own stench but sometimes takes a bath, resulting in pollution that has to be cleaned up by the firetrucks. He also likes telling jokes, as seen in "Stinky Bubbles".
 * Snooty-Tootie (voiced by Colin Murdock) is a black limo who carries the Mayor around Green Meadows. He once taught the junior firetrucks manners.
 * Spinner (voiced by David A. Kaye) is an orange helicopter who often doesn't take his job seriously.
 * Scoop is a white seaplane who carries water which she can use to douse fires.
 * Bubba (voiced by Blu Mankuma) is a yellow bulldozer who works outside the firehouse.
 * Milkie (voiced by Cathy Weseluck) is a white ice cream truck who likes to give ice cream to the children.
 * Wiser (voiced by French Tickner) is a dark red mobile crane who can lift people from fires. He first appeared in "Older But Wiser". He also narrates all the stories.
 * Tug (voiced by Michael Dobson) is a red and yellow fireboat who is ready to rescue.
 * Bulky (voiced by Terry Klassen) is a blue blimp who had been decorated for Halloween. He appeared in the episodes "Spinner Spins a Tale" and "Hoppin' Hoses".
 * Zoe is a red tow truck who likes helping other cars.
 * Lorrie is a light blue Land Rover who lives in the beach and is Petrol's old friend. She first appeared in "The Lorrie Story".
 * Newsie is a blue news truck who likes filming. He first appeared in "Trucks on TV".
 * Squirt is the firehouse Dalmatian.

Production and background
Firehouse Tales was originally produced by Firehouse Productions, LLC as a 22-minute pilot, created and developed by animation producer Sidney J. Bailey and animation director Clark James. It was sold to Warner Bros. Television in 2004, which following their process, the program was redeveloped as a CG program composited over 2D backgrounds – 26 half hours were subsequently produced by Warner Bros. Animation and aired on Cartoon Network's Tickle-U worldwide.

The original pilot episodes, which never aired publicly, was created as practical miniature sets with computer generated facial expressions added in post production. The original characters cast were: "Pete", "Lakie", "Tip", "Commander", and "Chief McSpeed", while Wiser and Squirt have different designs.

Ancillary products were produced by Bandai (toys) and Scholastic (books).

Broadcast
Firehouse Tales premiered on Cartoon Network's preschool television programming block Tickle-U in the United States on August 22, 2005. It also aired on Cartoonito in the UK from 2006. It has also aired on Star Channel's Starland (formerly Star Toons) block in Greece, RTL Klub in Hungary, RTP2 in Portugal, and more channels in other foreign countries.

title: Firehouse Tales


text:
S.T. Hindu College

South Travancore Hindu College, is a general degree college located in Nagercoil, Kanyakumari district, Tamil Nadu. It was established in the year 1952. The college is affiliated with Manonmaniam Sundaranar University. This college offers different courses in arts, commerce and science.

Science

 * Physics
 * Chemistry
 * Mathematics
 * Botany
 * Zoology
 * Computer Application
 * Electronics

Arts and Commerce

 * Tamil
 * Malayalam
 * English
 * Sociology
 * Economics
 * History and tourism
 * Commerce
 * Business Administration

Accreditation
The college is recognized by the University Grants Commission (UGC).

title: S.T. Hindu College


text: User:Fakekevin/bio

title: User:Fakekevin/bio


text:
Talk:Edward Hyde, 3rd Earl of Clarendon

Cissexism & Transphobia
This article is deeply offensive and cissexist! It portrays a person's cross-gendered presentation as ipso facto evidence of being immoral and corrupt. This portion of the article needs to be clarified and removed. Evidence such as sited examples of bribery, extortion, theft, or misappropriation can stand on their own without resorting to discussing a person's gender non-conformity as "further evidence". It is offensive to think that transgender people's gender expression somehow points to 'more validity' for being corrupt. Straight, cisgendered people are equally if not more corrupt; and people don't use their gender to further this as 'evidence'. i.e. "As a woman, she was known to be of lower moral quality." --people would clearly see this as sexist. Will edit article at later date to revise these offensive and bigoted statements from this article. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 50.149.112.121 (talk) 18:36, 22 April 2013 (UTC)

Yes the next more modern British Monarch will probably secretly flout news of any cross dressing relatives to gain political support from the gay/libertine side of society. But during the actual time of the account of this incident, cross dressing was not a respected past time for the pillars of national society and royalty. It should be unnecessary to adjust portrayals of historical events because they are not direct influences on today's social thinking. Doing so robs minorities of the pride of winning advancements in social thinking.

This is a case of opinions by HISTORICAL persons, not one of current politics. But be assured that even modern historians often forget this context when judging the quality of evidence. While the evidence is certainly not entirely solid, the counter case is much less so once you take into account that the alleged incidents did not take place under modern circumstances.

The counter argument historians fail to adjust for the fact that it would have been dangerous for anyone but the most powerful to attack the reputation of someone close to the Queen. While slander as political tool may have been common but people of the time would have been careful not to reach too far above their heads. So denouncements and accounts of real misdeeds would be unlikely to be put into print by the common people as modern historians suggest. As a yardstick, keep in mind that calling the Queen herself a whore would still likely result in a beheading if it came to her attention (as treason even under the Magna Carta). Defaming a cousin could likely lead to imprisonment, loss of licenses, severe financial repercussions, and deportation.

Also historians FAIL to give equal downward weight to the press when misusing the press to tout sterling reputations not actually possessed was even MORE common than wide circulated written slander. Instead revisionist scholars CHOOSE to treat such press as unbiased and totally trustworthy. Just remember that the press of the early 1700s was still government owned (often directly controlled by the appointed governor) as a carefully managed tool of governance (of course gossip about unimportant citizens or political enemies was fair game). As the 1700s advanced papers slowly moved into less directly controlled hands but independence of press was only completed as the American Revolution approached and often only as a result of competing papers in the larger metropolis (that is an official government paper still existed). Even today friendly papers may run campaigns supporting a favored candidate that directly flies in the face of observable facts.

So the printed evidence from the colonies might seem fairly equal in some lights until we note that it appears that the Queen believed it about her first cousin. However when we look to prior documentation in England we quickly understand why a close cousin of the Queen was posted to a remote colonial instead of something more prestigious. And most telling is that the governor was arrested upon dismissal and imprisoned for debt until his death. Thus the scholars citation of official newspaper accounts of personal generosity to colonial military efforts rather than embezzlement seems highly suspicious -- except in the mode that the governor may have considered all entrusted government funds essentially his own and that he was generous in spending any funds as originally "suggested". It would be interesting to have someone check if the scholar Patricia U. Bonomi had an agenda rather than having doubtful academic skills -- possibilities include a misguided form of gay rights activism or financial gain such as fishing for movies rights or outright sale of scholarship for or improving someone's ancestral reputation (or possibly for personal connections or those of friends). Unfortunately sale of scholarship in the social sciences while never unknown is becoming increasingly common and its hardly ever investigated unless blatant forgery is uncovered (who would dare cut off sources of academic funds today?). In fact forgery is not required to make a fallacious argument and fallacious argument is seldom grounds for outright academic indictment. In today funds pressured world I suspect that giving a pass to new and intriguing if questionable logic theories is pretty common -- ESPECIALLY if that new social argument and conclusion can be aligned with PC liberal activism (where liberal and politically correct should be taken as an oxymoron but are instead dogma). Liberal arts making the world and history conformity to our ideals by stripping the facts of all context except our personal cultural blinders :) 72.182.3.3 (talk) 14:34, 2 March 2014 (UTC)

Note that the whole turn over of Cornbury history is much like that against the painting. The mere noting that the paintings providence is not the strongest. However the current telling point is that the identification is STILL the best put forward. No better documented alternative identification has been put forth. And the account comes from England quite distant from mere colonial American political opponents. Seventy five years later is often considered the upper limit for still semi-reliable historical accounts and identifications (potentially written by those who heard accounts from actual witnesses - e.g. writing down what grandfather told when I was a boy that Lord X had this painting made when grandfather was a boy in Lord X kitchens.) Yes direct personal accounts by someone witness to the painting process would be better, or best Lord Cornbury himself - but its not unusual for those accounts to be unavailable especially in more distant history.

In fact in the case of the painting NO alternative identification has been put forth. Which is sort of strange except if this is in fact a Lord Cornbury descendant paying scholars to clean up the family reputation rather than someone else trying to claim the portrait as belonging to their ancestor. Scholars being paid to clean up the reputation of the rich and famous has a LONG history (those working for dictators are merely the ones whose efforts get called out as fake most often). It maybe more modern for so many to go into the field intending to make money by revealing glamourous family histories of mostly acceptable behaviors for the rich and powerful. Its a service and one that no in power or academia wants too closely investigated. 72.182.3.3 (talk) 16:26, 2 March 2014 (UTC)

Untitled
I did some revisioning/redacting on this page, but I suspect it needs more: it was written from what seemed like an entirely biased view and came across as not trying to inform neutrally, but solely argue one side. Thanx 68.39.174.230 03:42, 26 August 2005 (UTC)

Yup I think the whole valid conclusion is that the evidence is from limited sources either way -- though the context as a whole tends to support the traditional conclusion. There is room for some speculation on the alternative of highly successful character assassination. Though the latter is very lacking in explaining why the Queen went along with actually prosecuting such an outcome. A third more likely explanation would be that the traditional story is most true in the broad outlines of questionable finances (the man fled England to escape huge debts and did die in debtors prison after being relieved of office) but that motives and bizarre behaviors in office were embellished to some degree by political opponents and creditors (possibly including the crown). The stories published in the colonial papers and touted by revisionist historians about his being a source of generous supplementary funding for colonial military efforts seem an unsupportable piece of political motivated publishing when taken in the larger context of Lord Cornbury's prior and subsequent finances in England. 72.182.3.3 (talk) 16:39, 2 March 2014 (UTC)

Copyediting
The text of the article reads in places like it was cribbed from very old sources with archaic language. I have some other online sources about the article subject open as I type this, and I think I will give the article a quick once-over for copy-editing. I'm concerned that some of the article text may be plagiarism or a copyright violation, but I'm not sure how to check that. If another editor reading this knows the best way to flag that kind of issue, I would greatly appreciate the help. -- WeijiBaikeBianji (talk, how I edit) 01:27, 28 November 2014 (UTC)
 * I wrote most of the material regarding the Earl's "reputation." Certainly interested in your contributions. Joegoodfriend (talk) 18:53, 28 November 2014 (UTC)

Creating a Neutral Article
Re: Transphobia I completely agree that the current article is deeply offensive for the stated reasons. It's also true that virtually all existing biographic accounts contain the same transphobic innuendos. However, those accounts contain objective data which can be used to write a neutral biography -- by ignoring the original author's statements of opinion. Fortunately, Patricia Bonomi has written a book that presents Cornbury in a positive light. Her account isn't really a biography. She focuses on and corrects the Cornbury folklore. Unfortunately, her positive opinion of Cornbury depends on her questionable medical assessment that Cornbury wasn't transgender.

Please see my draft article on Cornbury in User:Csandi/sandbox, a work in progress. I would appreciate any input or suggestions regarding the article.

Re: Article Title I recommend adding "Royal Governor of New York & New Jersey" or similar to the title. It's likely that most readers are interested in his term as governor rather than his position in the Peerage of England.

Csandi (talk) 19:14, 1 July 2017 (UTC)

Outrageous claim of transgenderism
This article is an absolute disaster, particularly the section on Clarendon's personal life. To claim that Clarendon was transgender is beyond ludicrous: there are reports of his being a cross-dresser, period. There is absolutely no shred of evidence to suggest that he was in any way transgender, to say nothing of the obvious fact that transgenderism itself was not even conceived of at the time.

The section titles in the article are far too numerous and hilariously unencyclopedic. This whole page, which appears from the editing history to have been taken over entirely by a single editor since July 2017, needs some major work by someone who knows what they're doing. 204.195.137.156 (talk) 03:39, 17 August 2017 (UTC)

Clarification
The "Transgender" Wiki article describes it as: "Transgender people are people who have a gender identity or gender expression that differs from their assigned sex."  If Cornbury did indeed wear women's clothing, then he would fit into that category. "Transgender" is a modern term that refers to a phenomenon that has existed throughout the human experience. "Transgender" is also an umbrella term that includes a number of sub-categories, such as "transsexuals", "androgynous people", "cross-dressers", etc. There's insufficient information to determine which sub-category might have accurately described Cornbury. (For example, How often did he wear women's clothes? What goals did he wish to achieve?  Did he wish for medical intervention? etc.)

Over 300 years later, it's impossible to know whether or not Cornbury did actually wear women's clothes -- thus the body of the article has been edited not to include such assertions. However, modern assessments of Cornbury's life & achievements have universally been negative because of the assertion. Thus a section on Cornbury's alleged cross-dressing is essential -- it has come to be what sets him apart from his contemporaries. Csandi (talk) 19:20, 4 September 2017 (UTC)

 * The "Cross-dressing" Wiki article describes it as: "It is often assumed that the connotation is directly correlated with behaviors of transgender identity or sexual, fetishist, and homosexual behavior, but the term itself does not imply any motives and is not synonymous to one's gender identity". Whether or not Lord Cornbury dressed in women's clothes, cross-dressing AKA transvestism does not necessarily mean he was transgender. I removed the links to lists of Trans people and history of transgender people in the US. Theorizing is one thing, but I don't think we can definitively say that Lord Cornbury was transgender. Paris1127 (talk) 20:37, 24 June 2018 (UTC)

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Lead
User:217.155.193.205 I'm not sure what you're trying to achieve here, could you explain what your issue is? CaptainEek Edits Ho Cap'n!⚓ 21:47, 9 January 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Edward Hyde, 3rd Earl of Clarendon


text: User talk:70.242.26.84

title: User talk:70.242.26.84


text:
GAFIA

GAFIA (along with derived forms such as gafiate and gafiation) is a term used by science fiction fans. It began as an acronym for "Getting Away From It All", and referred initially to escaping from mundane activities via fanac (fan activity).

However, its meaning was soon reversed, and thereafter it referred to getting away from fandom and fannish doings. This can be either a temporary or a long-term separation. The 1959 Fancyclopedia says:

"This useful phrase was originally an escapist slogan, meaning the intent to withdraw from the Macrocosm to indulge in some intense fanac, but has undergone a complete reversal of significance so that now "that flash of sanity known as Gafia" refers to a vacation from fandom back in the world of normalcy, where nobody reads that crazy Buck Rogers stuff. Diagnostic symptoms are sheer boredom while trying to read proz or fanzines, allowing correspondence to pile up unanswered, and wishing that half-finished fanzines could be forgotten for a while."

A term closely related is "Fafia" or "Fafiation", from the acronym for "Forced away from it all." To fafiate is to decrease doing fannish activities, not because one prefers to do so, but rather because one is obliged to do so, usually due to lack of time. "Dafia", or "Drifting away from it all", has been proposed as an intermediate term, but is not in general fannish use.

There are many fanzines using the term as a title: Ted White, Redd Boggs and Carl Brandon published science fiction fanzines titled Gafia, Gafia Advertiser and Gafiac. respectively, and there are many more.

The term is among the fannish expressions used most extensively in the book Fallen Angels, by Larry Niven, Jerry Pournelle and Michael Flynn, whose major protagonists are mostly fans (active, covert, gafiated or fafiated).

title: GAFIA