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Lady Stanley Institute for Trained Nurses

The Lady Stanley Institute for Trained Nurses was the first nursing school in Ottawa, Ontario, located at the corner of Rideau Street and Wurtemburg Street along the Rideau River.

It was founded in 1890 by Constance Stanley, Baroness Stanley of Preston and later Countess of Derby. She was the wife of Frederick Arthur Stanley, 16th Earl of Derby, who served as Governor General of Canada from 1888 to 1893.

On February 18, 1890, at a meeting of representative citizens of Ottawa convened at the City Hall on the invitation of Lady Stanley of Preston, it was suggested the establishment of an institution for training nurses. Lady Stanley's idea of such institution was affirmed and approved by formal resolution. A provisional executive committee was appointed during that meeting. COMMITTEE: Samuel Howell, John A. Cameron, John C. Edwards, W. Lake Marler, J. Travers Lewis, F.P. Bronson, C. Berkeley Powell, William Whillans, Thomas Birkett, Alderman McLean, W.A. Allan Bate, E. Seybold, The Honorable Mr. Justice Patterson, The Honorable Mr Justice Burbidge, Mr Sheriff Edward Moore, Alonzo Wright, M.P., John R. Booth, W. C. Edwards, M.P. G.B. Pattee, A.J. Stephens, and T.C. Keefer, C.E.

The first step of that committee was to decide that the institution is named "The Lady Stanley Institute for Trained Nurses". Lady Stanley was appointed as honorary president and the Baroness Macdonald of Earnschliffe as vice president. The committee then ascertained an approximated amount of money of $20,000 to acquire a site and to construct a suitable building. It was then decided to appeal to the public for subscriptions:

On June 14, 1890, the provisional committee called a meeting of the subscribers after receiving enough funds to start the project. The committee submitted a draft Declaration and Certificate of Incorporation to which they received their approval. The Charter of Incorporation was secured during the next days.

On June 17, 1890, the Certificate of Incorporation under the Act respecting Benevolent, Provident and other Societies, chapter 172 of the Revised Statutes of Ontario, 1887 for the Society of The Lady Stanley institute for Trained Nurses was examined and certified by William Aird Ross, Judge of the County Court of the County of Carleton of the Province of Ontario. It was filed on the same day by Robert Lees, Clerk of the Peace in and for the County of Carleton of the Province of Ontario. The authorised objects of the Institute are set forth in Clause Two of the Declaration or Certificate of Incorporation, as follows: The establishment and maintenance at the City of Ottawa of a School or Institute for Training Nurses for the sick, and a home of residence for trained nurses, and as incidental thereto the providing of trained nurses for those who require their services.

On June 21, 1890, the provisional committee handed over the work of establishing the institute to a board of directors elected by the Subscribers.

During the summer 1890, the committee selected and purchased a site at the corner of Rideau Street and Wurtemberg Street in Ottawa at the cost of $950, which the board considered a very reasonable price. It was situated beside the General Protestant Hospital, which was itself located at the corner of Rideau Street and Charlotte Street. The committee then obtained, accepted and approved of a plan and specifications. It called for tenders for the whole work of construction, and entered into contracts based upon the best offers submitted by September 11 from which time the building was erected. By January 26, 1891, at the First Annual Report, the sum of $13,885.50 was promised of which $11,600.50 was paid up. All the equipment and furniture of the institute were provided by the honorary president and vice president with the assistance of a large number of women. The institute was furnished at no cost to the funds of the corporation. The directors recorded the following: "the great obligations under which the Institute is placed to Her Excellency and to Lady Macdonald for the great interest which they have shown in the scheme, and their untiring efforts towards making it a success."

By May 21, 1891, the institute was completed for the sum of $15,830 well under the budgeted amount. It was fully equipped and furnished for the sum of $3,000 free of charge to the corporation. An unknown friend of the institute gave $4,000 to secure the cost of maintenance during the start of its operation.

On May 7, 1891, the board of trustees appointed Miss Gertrude Warren Moore as lady superintendent to the institute. She was a Canadian who graduated as a trained nurse at Bellevue Hospital in New York, US. She was highly recommended to the board by the superintendent of the Bellevue Hospital, by many physicians and many others who were able to determine her ability to assume her responsibility as Superintendent of the Lady Stanley Institute for Trained Nurses. Two others graduated nurses were employed to assist the superintendent nurse in taking charge of the hospital work. A third nurse was temporarily employed for the same reason. However, the board expected that in a few months only one nurse will suffice. It was expected that the nurse in training will have received enough experience to find among them one able to take the position of head nurse. This will make a considerable saving on the expenses. Currently, the institute had eight nurses and two probationers. It was expecting to increase to twelve to fifteen nurses in training.

On June 1, 1891, an agreement was reached between the directors of the Protestant General Hospital and the directors of the Lady Stanley Institute for the hospital to take charge of and conducting the nursing therein, and incidental thereto, for the admission of the pupil nurses of the institute to the Wards of that Institution. Furthermore, the nurses have attended outside patients and they have done district work of a charitable character as part of their training. The Lady Stanley Institute for Trained Nurses was opened in July 1891.

The directors were expecting to receive a source of revenue for the services of the nurses sent to outside patients in private homes. This would help counterbalance the expenditures met in administrating the institute. It was hoped the Institute would, within the next year (1892), been able to increase considerably its revenue while its expenditures would be greatly reduced. The board also arranged to deliver many courses during the winter. These courses were lectures given by members of the medical profession. These lectures were free of charge for the nurses in training. They also were benefiting to all women who chose to attend after subscribing to it.

The school merged into Ottawa Civic Hospital School of Nursing (1924-1974) in 1924. After 1974 nursing training was transferred to post secondary institutions like Algonquin College Vanier School of Nursing.


text:
Talk:Effects of Hurricane Katrina in New Orleans

PLEASE USE EXACT DATES!
For the love of God, when contributing to this or any article on "current events"/"current news", PLEASE USE EXACT DATES -- (or as the info at the top of the "edit this page" says: "What is written here should still make sense in three months' time. Avoid the present tense, and phrases like "currently affected" "). The page is currently full of events dated like "on Monday, X happened", "Y is expected to happen tomorrow", etc, etc, which make almost no sense at all a month later. Please take the extra 5 seconds to write these things clearly in the first place! Thanks -- 29 October 2005

Requested move 24 February 2024

 * The following is a closed discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review after discussing it on the closer's talk page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

The result of the move request was: WITHDRAWN. ♫ Hurricanehink ( talk )  23:47, 25 February 2024 (UTC)

Effects of Hurricane Katrina in New Orleans → Effects of Hurricane Katrina in Louisiana –

I propose moving the article to Effects of Hurricane Katrina in Louisiana. A lot of the impacts in the state occurred outside of New Orleans proper. The city itself would be a large focus of the article, sure, but so should the rest of southeastern Louisiana. And areas outside of the NOLA region should also have a place somewhere. I was pinged to come here because it is still rated A-class. I think a good justification for delisting it as A-class would be moving the article, since the content here, while valuable, isn't the entire story of Katrina's impacts in Louisiana. Seeing as storm impacts are usually done at the state level at a minimum, I propose moving this article to Effects of Hurricane Katrina in Louisiana. ♫ Hurricanehink ( talk ) 00:48, 24 February 2024 (UTC)
 * Eh, on second thought, withdrawing. ♫ Hurricanehink ( talk ) 23:47, 25 February 2024 (UTC)

 * Oppose. The title should reflect the article, and in this case they align well. You could maybe argue that it should be Effects of Hurricane Katrina in the Greater New Orleans region, but that seems overly long. Effects of Hurricane Katrina in Louisiana could be a redirect to Hurricane Katrina § Impacts – Louisiana or a new article that talks more about the storms impact on the downriver parishes and the North Shore, as well as a bit about New Orleans with a pointer to this article. The effects of the storm on New Orleans were broader and longer-lasting than in other places and are better handled in a standalone article like this one. —Carter (Tcr25) (talk) 15:33, 24 February 2024 (UTC)
 * The proposed title would reflect how the article should be, in my opinion. It would be like if there was a Effects of Hurricane Sandy in New York City, and I proposed moving it to the entire state. Damages in Tangipahoa Parish were $84.7 million, $17M for Livingston, $17 million for Baton Rouge. Much of southern Louisiana was declared a disaster area. Right now, that information would be too minimal for the main Katrina article, and I don't think there's enough information for the parts of Louisiana outside of New Orleans. The new title would cover the entire state, which would include the entire New Orleans metro area. Also, a lot of the recovery affected not only New Orleans but other parts of the state (including the metro area, and outside of it). ♫ Hurricanehink ( talk ) 20:50, 24 February 2024 (UTC)
 * Which is reasonable reason for starting a new article or initiating a move after an expansion. At this point, the article content best matches the current article title. —Carter (Tcr25) (talk) 00:43, 25 February 2024 (UTC)
 * I don't believe there is enough content for a new article for Katrina's effects in Louisiana outside of New Orleans, and I would like to expand this article, but right now the title means that I shouldn't. ♫ Hurricanehink ( talk ) 02:16, 25 February 2024 (UTC)
 * Why don't you just add it to Hurricane Katrina effects by region instead? This is where the related information about effects to other states are included that are not big enough to warrant their own articles.  Bait30   Talk 2 me pls? 23:31, 25 February 2024 (UTC)
 * That actually does seem like a really good idea. Yea, I'm withdrawing. ♫ Hurricanehink ( talk ) 23:47, 25 February 2024 (UTC)

$:Oppose. It is completely unnecessary, and wrongheaded. The very first sentence of the article makes its focus - on New Orleans - clear. It already has a section devoted to the Hurricane's impact on the rest of the state. That is satisfactory. If that section ever grows too big and needs to be calved off, that's a discussion for another day, not this one. A redirect as proposed by the above user is sufficient; although nobody will ever search by that parameter it does allow listing the link, for example, as stated in See also sections and such.2601:196:180:DC0:74FB:E13A:8468:73F9 (talk) 19:04, 24 February 2024 (UTC)
 * Again, the proposed move would be to expand the coverage of this article to the entire state. ♫ Hurricanehink ( talk ) 20:50, 24 February 2024 (UTC)
 * Comment. For me this could go either way. On one hand, the proposed move makes sense per WP:CONSISTENCY to bring it in line with Effects of Hurricane Katrina in Mississippi, Effects of Hurricane Katrina in Florida, and Effects of Hurricane Katrina in Alabama. At the same time, Carter's point that the article mainly focuses on New Orleans is a valid reason for not moving the page. The decision is made more difficult by the fact that Hurricane Katrina's impacts in Louisiana are localized to the Greater New Orleans area anyways.  Bait30   Talk 2 me pls? 20:22, 24 February 2024 (UTC)
 * , please check out the National Climatic Data Center, which lists a fair amount of damage outside of New Orleans, including some parishes with up to $84 million in damage. Also, large portions of the state were the recipient of federal aid, not just New Orleans, so the aid and recovery would be affected by the same bills, same federal agencies, same aid packages signed by the same president. Just a thought. ♫ Hurricanehink ( talk ) 20:50, 24 February 2024 (UTC)

The discussion above is closed. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

Orleans Parish Prison
It seems like this section of the page barely has any citations. The sole source I could find beside a NYT article was an ACLU report (this is different from the January 2006 ACLU already linked).

The title of the report is named "Abandoned & Abused: Orleans. Parish Prisoners in the Wake of Hurricane Katrina"

https://www.aclu.org/wp-content/uploads/publications/oppreport20060809.pdf

In case the first link doesn't work:https://www.aclu.org/publications/abandoned-and-abused?redirect=cpredirect/26198 Cahlin29 (talk) 02:12, 5 April 2024 (UTC)

A-class
Like at Talk:Napoleon, this article is now downgraded to B due to the fact that it is a DGA. TALK 20:35, 7 June 2024 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


text:
Talk:Kodee Kennings

Comment
I notice in the history that an anon posted saying they were a former Daily Egyptian reporter, and that they thought the accusations against the reporter were premature. This message was deleted a day later. Having read the actual articles on the subject, this comment seems right to me, and statements like "Brenner and Reynolds blame each other for conceiving the hoax" are misleading. Brenner, apparently, denies having known it was a hoax at all. Reynolds admits it was a hoax, but blames Brenner as the mastermind. The symmetrical phrasing seems misleading to me. john k 22:36, 4 February 2006 (UTC)

External links modified
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title: Talk:Kodee Kennings


text:
A. J. Holloway

A.J. Holloway (c. 1939 – June 5, 2018) was an American politician, who served as Mayor of Biloxi, Mississippi, from 1993 to 2015. He also played college football for the 1960 national champion Ole Miss Rebels.

Early years
Holloway was educated in the Biloxi public schools and graduated from the University of Mississippi, where he played on the Ole Miss football team which went to two Sugar Bowls, a Cotton Bowl, and won share of the National Championship in 1960.

Political career
Prior to his election as mayor, Holloway worked at the Mississippi Tax Commission for 12 years, reaching the position of senior revenue agent, and served one term on the Biloxi City Council, representing Ward 3. During his term as mayor, he oversaw the direct financial benefit to Biloxi from casino gambling that was introduced to the area in 1992.

Hurricane Katrina
On August 29, 2005, Hurricane Katrina hit Biloxi causing massive damage and loss of life. Summarizing the devastation in Biloxi left behind by Katrina, Holloway told The Sun Herald, "This is our tsunami."

Hopes for the future
As mayor, Holloway envisioned as many as 20 casino resorts in Biloxi in 10 years, and as many as 30,000 hotel rooms and 30,000 employees in the casino resort industry. His "Reviving the Renaissance" initiative also promised improvements in areas such as affordable housing, historic preservation, public safety and public education.

Holloway said in 2004 and again in 2007: "Future generations are going to look back on this chapter in our history as a time when we made the right decisions … when we cherished and protected our culture... and we did things to improve and enhance our quality of life. They're going to see this as an historic time."

title: A. J. Holloway


text:
Attorney-General of Western Australia

The Attorney-General of Western Australia is the member of the Government of Western Australia responsible for maintenance and improvement of Western Australia's system of law and justice. Before the advent of representative government in 1870, the title was Advocate-General of Western Australia. The Attorney-General must be a qualified legal practitioner. When there are none in the cabinet, a lay person is sometimes appointed to the office of Minister for Justice.

The current Attorney-General of Western Australia, since 17 March 2017, is John Quigley who administers the portfolio through the Department of Justice and a range of other agencies.

One of Quigley's predecessors Christian Porter went on to become Federal Attorney General.

List
This is a list of Attorneys-General of Western Australia, or any precedent titles. The office of Attorney-General was not always filled: the Australian Parliamentary Library notes that where there was no lawyer among the ministers elected, there would be a Minister for Justice instead of an Attorney-General.

title: Attorney-General of Western Australia


text:
Category:American civil engineers

See articles: Civil engineer and Civil engineering

title: Category:American civil engineers


text:
89th Grey Cup

The 89th Grey Cup (Canadian Football League championship) was held in 2001 in Montreal. The Calgary Stampeders claimed their fifth championship in team history with a 27–19 win over the East Division champions and heavily favoured Winnipeg Blue Bombers.

Game summary
Calgary Stampeders (27) – TD's, Marc Boerigter, Travis Moore, Willie Fells; FG's, Mark McLoughlin (2); cons., McLoughlin (3).

Winnipeg Blue Bombers (19) – TD's, Arland Bruce III, Milt Stegall; FG's, Troy Westwood; cons., Westwood (2); singles, Westwood (2).

First quarter WPG—FG Westwood 29-yard field goal 3:57 WPG—Single Westwood missed 49-yard field goal attempt, one-point granted 7:20 Second quarter CAL—FG McLoughlin 37 yard field-goal 9:41 CAL—TD Boerigter 68-yard pass from Crandell (McLoughlin convert) 12:15 CAL—TD Moore 9-yard pass from Crandell (McLoughlin convert) 14:06 Third quarter WPG—TD Bruce III 23-yard pass from Jones (Westwood convert) 4:05 WPG—Single Westwood missed 54-yard field goal attempt, one-point granted 10:38 Fourth quarter CAL—TD Fells 11-yard return on a blocked punt (McLoughlin convert) 5:37 WPG—TD Stegall 23-yard pass from Jones (Westwood convert) 9:35 CAL—FG McLoughlin 24-yard field goal 14:12

The Calgary Stampeders, a team which began the year with four straight losses, had just three wins on Labour Day. But Calgary rallied, saving their season with an 8–10 record, good for a second-place finish in the West Division. The Stampeders secured their berth in the Grey Cup with playoff victories over B.C. and Edmonton.

Calgary's opponent was a strong Winnipeg Blue Bombers club which had the CFL's best regular season record of 14–4. But it was clear regular season play didn't matter as the Stampeders built a 17–4 lead at halftime.

Trailing 4–3 late in the second quarter, Calgary quarterback Marcus Crandell hit a streaking Marc Boerigter down the left hash marks for a 68-yard touchdown. The Stampeders struck again before intermission when Calgary flooded the right side with receivers and Crandell hit Travis Moore for a nine-yard score.

It seemed to be the wake-up call the Blue Bombers needed. On their first possession of the second half, quarterback Khari Jones hit Arland Bruce III for a 23-yard touchdown completion.

But the turning point came at 5:37 of the fourth quarter. With the Blue Bombers trailing 17–12, Calgary's Aldi Henry — playing the game in his hometown — blocked Bob Cameron's punt attempt. Willie Fells recovered the ball and ran 11 yards for a Calgary touchdown.

The Blue Bombers fought back, as Jones hit Milt Stegall who made a remarkable 23-yard touchdown reception. But once again the Stampeders pulled further ahead. Stuck on the Calgary 11 with time ticking down, Crandell threw to running back Kelvin Anderson on a sideline pattern. Anderson slipped past Marvin Coleman for a 44-yard gain. Three plays later, Mark McLoughlin kicked a 24-yard field goal.

There was one final comeback attempt by Winnipeg. With the Blue Bombers on the Calgary 36 with time running out, Jones was driven by Stampeders defensive tackle Joe Fleming into the turf for a game-ending sack.

It was a game of missed opportunity for the Blue Bombers, who repeatedly got near or into Calgary territory and came away empty handed. Winnipeg kicker Troy Westwood missed three of four field goal attempts.

Trivia

 * The attendance of 65,255 at Montreal's Olympic Stadium was the third-largest crowd to witness a Grey Cup.
 * The Calgary Stampeders became the second team (and second consecutive team) with a losing regular season record to win the Grey Cup.
 * "The Star Spangled Banner" was performed for the only time since 1995 before the Canadian National Anthem (in mark of respect of lives lost due to the September 11th attacks)

West Division
Semi-final (November 11 @ Calgary, Alberta) Calgary Stampeders 28–19 BC Lions

Final (November 18 @ Edmonton, Alberta) Edmonton Eskimos 16–34 Calgary Stampeders

East Division
Semi-final (November 11 @ Hamilton, Ontario) Hamilton Tiger-Cats 24–12 Montreal Alouettes

Final (November 18 @ Winnipeg, Manitoba) Winnipeg Blue Bombers 28–13 Hamilton Tiger-Cats

title: 89th Grey Cup


text:
The Graces (band)

The Graces were an American pop rock band in the late 1980s and early 1990s featuring Charlotte Caffey, Meredith Brooks, and Gia Ciambotti.

History
Formed in 1987, they released their debut album Perfect View on A&M Records in 1989. Their first single "Lay Down Your Arms" hit No. 56 on the Billboard Hot 100 but the album and subsequent singles flopped.

In 1991, they were dropped by the record label and Brooks left the band. She was replaced by Chrissy Shefts and the group continued to play live. They were about to be re-signed when Ciambotti was offered a job with the E Street Band, so the group disbanded in 1992 without recording a second album. Belinda Carlisle later covered "Lay Down Your Arms" on her 1993 album Real.

Albums

 * Perfect View (1989) US No. 147

Singles

 * "Lay Down Your Arms" (1989) US No. 56
 * "Perfect View" (1989)
 * "Time Waits for No One" (1989)
 * "50,000 Candles Burning" (1989)

title: The Graces (band)


text:
Talk:Predictions of hurricane risk for New Orleans

Scientific American had an article on this very subject in their Oct. 2001 issue. Maybe someone could look it up and add the reference to this page.

This should be a permanent page associated with New Orleans. The risk doesn't pass with Katrina.--Kbk 23:48, 30 August 2005 (UTC)


text:
Talk:Nuala (comics)

Nuala (DC Comics)

 * Is there any particular reason this couldn't go in "Nuala" rather than "Nuala (DC Comics)"? Nuala isn't currently in use; is there some important person named that I'm unaware of who will be on that page in the future? -Silence 23:50, 30 August 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Nuala (comics)


text:
Sean Wilsey

Sean Patrick Wilsey (born May 21, 1970) is the author of the memoir Oh the Glory of It All, published by Penguin in 2005.

Born and raised in San Francisco, Wilsey is the son of Al Wilsey (1919–2002), a businessman, and Pat Montandon, a socialite and peace activist. He is the stepson of socialite and philanthropist Dede Wilsey.

Wilsey is a former editor-at-large for McSweeney's Quarterly Concern. His newest book, a wide-ranging series of essays, More Curious, was published by McSweeney's in 2014.

He is married to Daphne Beal, who is also a writer.

Books

 * Oh the Glory of It All (2005)
 * The Thinking Fan's Guide to the World Cup (As Editor with Matt Weiland and Franklin Foer, 2006)
 * State by State: A Panoramic Portrait of America (As Editor with Matt Weiland, 2008)
 * More Curious (2014)

Essays and reporting

 * "Peace is a Beautiful Thing" (11 Apr. 2005)

Interviews

 * "Interview with Sean Wilsey" (16 Sept. 2014)
 * "Honest Writing is Funny" (19 Aug. 2014)

title: Sean Wilsey


text: Talk:Impunity game

title: Talk:Impunity game


text:
File:Does Humor Belong in Music.jpg

Summary
Sleeve of Frank Zappa's Does Humor Belong in Music? (1986)

title: File:Does Humor Belong in Music.jpg


text:
Talk:Inequity aversion

Disambiguation link repair: Expert knowledge needed!
This page has a link to the disambiguation page equilibrium. Please edit it to point to the specific most relevant article. Thanks. --Coppertwig 21:49, 4 February 2007 (UTC)

Definition of Anthropology
"non-humans in anthropology." I'm no expert, but I'd say that if anthropologists are studying this phenomenon in non-humans, we should direct them to a biology department, stat. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 76.171.29.71 (talk) 04:57, 24 October 2008 (UTC)

Re-write needed
The page needs to be re-written. Currently there is too much discussion and detail on individual studies and specific researchers. I've done the first little bit of the sections, but it needs considerably more work to finish up the rest of the article. WLU 23:57, 12 June 2007 (UTC)

Nonsense paragraph
I can't really make sense of this paragraph: In 2004 Dirk Engelmann and Martin Strobel performed experiments to test the predictions of IA, and found inconsistencies.2 Although it can hardly be expected that such a simple model will produce falsifiable results in a complex area like human psychology there may be other, equally simple models that fit the data better. (See Bounded rationality.) For instance, the Raúl López Pérez alternative: Anger and Guilt (2004).

2 The alternative hypothesis that Fehr and Schmidt's Inequity Aversion (IA) model is most commonly tested against is Charness and Rabin's 2002 quasi-maximin model, which predicts a preference for maximizing both the aggregate reward and the reward of the party doing the worst. Engelmann and Strobel's experiments from 2004 seem to fit the quasi-maximin predictions better than the IA. Quasi-maximin is more concerned with economic efficiency than fairness, and may predominate when the 'players' know one another or are playing for psychologically low stakes. Other empirical results give IA the greater predictive power. For instance, Güth, Kliemt and Ockenfel (2003), and Chmura, Kube, Pitz, & Puppe (Working Paper, 2004) find that 'fairness' dominates when the payoff asymmetry is large.

It seems like the footnote should be integreated into the paragraph itself to make a complete section. WLU 20:56, 7 August 2007 (UTC)

Organization
Since this is such an active topic of research, it may be difficult for WP to keep fully on top of it. I think there are several aspects to emphasize:
 * The Fehr-Schmidt model is precise and clear, whatever its empirical failings may be. I think it would make sense to fully restate that model here, and interpret it.
 * Fehr-Schmidt does reasonably well as an explanatory model among the class of consequentialist models (ie, models that depend only on pecuniary payoffs). However, consequentialism doesn't suffice:  people care about the intent of those they interact with (cf Thaler, Falk-Fehr-Fischbacher, and many others).
 * The best place to organize top-level discussion of these issues would be an article on social preferences, which I just started. Jeremy Tobacman 22:01, 7 August 2007 (UTC)

Uh?
[...] it is studied in non-humans in anthropology

Methinks that somebody doesn't know what anthropology is. --76.217.95.43 (talk) 08:22, 24 February 2008 (UTC)

Dr. Duffy's comment on this article
Dr. Duffy has reviewed this Wikipedia page, and provided us with the following comments to improve its quality:

"Missing key reference: Bolton and Ockefels (2000) which was developed simultaneously with Fehr and Schmidt and is more general, i.e., it allows for nonlinear inequity averse preferences.

ERC: A Theory of Equity, Reciprocity, and Competition Author(s): Gary E Bolton and Axel Ockenfels Source: The American Economic Review, Vol. 90, No. 1 (Mar., 2000), pp. 166-193"

We hope Wikipedians on this talk page can take advantage of these comments and improve the quality of the article accordingly.

Dr. Duffy has published scholarly research which seems to be relevant to this Wikipedia article:

 * Reference : John Duffy & Felix Munoz-Garcia, 2012. "Cooperation and Signaling with Uncertain Social Preferences," Working Papers 491, University of Pittsburgh, Department of Economics, revised May 2013.

ExpertIdeasBot (talk) 16:57, 19 May 2016 (UTC)

Dr. Balafoutas's comment on this article
Dr. Balafoutas has reviewed this Wikipedia page, and provided us with the following comments to improve its quality:

"Although Fehr-Schmidt is certainly the pioneer study in this topic, I believe that more work should be discussed, and certainly these two papers:

Bolton, Gary E, and Ockenfels Axel. "ERC: A Theory of Equity, Reciprocity, and Competition." The American Economic Review 90.1 (2000): 166-93.

Charness, Gary and Rabin, Matthew, (2002), Understanding Social Preferences with Simple Tests, The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 117, issue 3, p. 817-869.

I found the following sentence and the corresponding reference irrelevant: "Other research in experimental economics addresses risk aversion in decision making[7]"

Finally, one issue of semantics: Although the term "inequity aversion" is used in the original paper of Fehr and Schmidt, the alternative term "inequality aversion" is often used in the literature instead. The difference is subtle, but important: "inequity" refers more to principles of justice and fairness, while "inequality" refers more to the observed difference between two payoffs (i.e., to an unequal distribution). For instance, when Bolton and Ockenfels (see reference above) discuss Fehr and Schmidt's theory, they refer to it as "inequality aversion". The distinction between the terms "(in)equity" and "(in)equality" is in any case not trivial."

We hope Wikipedians on this talk page can take advantage of these comments and improve the quality of the article accordingly.

Dr. Balafoutas has published scholarly research which seems to be relevant to this Wikipedia article:

 * Reference : Loukas Balafoutas & Rudolf Kerschbamer & Martin Kocher & Matthias Sutter, 2013. "Revealed distributional preferences: Individuals vs. teams," Working Papers 2013-17, Faculty of Economics and Statistics, University of Innsbruck.

ExpertIdeasBot (talk) 18:46, 27 June 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:Inequity aversion


text:
Talk:Information set (game theory)

Thanks Kzollman
for the images Cretog8 (talk) 04:38, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

 * No problem. They're pretty easy to make, so if you need something in particular let me know.  --best, kevin [kzollman][talk] 15:35, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

 * Thanks, I will. I'm trying to figure out how to make nice SVG's, so far its awkward and ugly. Anyway, I figured that those two examples of battle of the sexes suited the purpose of the page nicely. If anyone thinks other examples are better, they may be right. Cretog8 (talk) 17:21, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

title: Talk:Information set (game theory)


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Roundobia.com

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was Delete --Allen3 talk 15:16, September 5, 2005 (UTC)

Roundobia.com
Non-notable Website vanity and advertising. Tysto 23:54, 2005 August 30 (UTC)
 * Good work, kids. Delete Ashibaka (tock) 01:01, 31 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete; non-notable. Jaxl | talk 01:12, 31 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. - choster 05:17, 31 August 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Ring singularity

A ring singularity or ringularity is the gravitational singularity of a rotating black hole, or a Kerr black hole, that is shaped like a ring.

Description of a ring singularity
When a spherical non-rotating body of a critical radius collapses under its own gravitation under general relativity, theory suggests it will collapse to a 0-dimensional single point. This is not the case with a rotating black hole (a Kerr black hole). With a fluid rotating body, its distribution of mass is not spherical (it shows an equatorial bulge), and it has angular momentum. Since a point cannot support rotation or angular momentum in classical physics (general relativity being a classical theory), the minimal shape of the singularity that can support these properties is instead a 2D ring with zero thickness but non-zero radius, and this is referred to as a ringularity or Kerr singularity.

A rotating hole's rotational frame-dragging effects, described by the Kerr metric, cause spacetime in the vicinity of the ring to undergo curvature in the direction of the ring's motion. Effectively this means that different observers placed around a Kerr black hole who are asked to point to the hole's apparent center of gravity may point to different points on the ring. Falling objects will begin to acquire angular momentum from the ring before they actually strike it, and the path taken by a perpendicular light ray (initially traveling toward the ring's center) will curve in the direction of ring motion before intersecting with the ring.

Traversability and nakedness
An observer crossing the event horizon of a non-rotating and uncharged black hole (a Schwarzschild black hole) cannot avoid the central singularity, which lies in the future world line of everything within the horizon. Thus one cannot avoid spaghettification by the tidal forces of the central singularity.

This is not necessarily true with a Kerr black hole. An observer falling into a Kerr black hole may be able to avoid the central singularity by making clever use of the inner event horizon associated with this class of black hole. This makes it theoretically (but not likely practically) possible for the Kerr black hole to act as a sort of wormhole, possibly even a traversable wormhole.

The Kerr singularity as a "toy" wormhole
The Kerr singularity can also be used as a mathematical tool to study the wormhole "field line problem". If a particle is passed through a wormhole, the continuity equations for the electric field suggest that the field lines should not be broken. When an electrical charge passes through a wormhole, the particle's charge field lines appear to emanate from the entry mouth and the exit mouth gains a charge density deficit due to Bernoulli's principle. (For mass, the entry mouth gains mass density and the exit mouth gets a mass density deficit.) Since a Kerr singularity has the same feature, it also allows this issue to be studied.

Existence of ring singularities
It is generally expected that since the usual collapse to a point singularity under general relativity involves arbitrarily dense conditions, quantum effects may become significant and prevent the singularity forming ("quantum fuzz"). Without quantum gravitational effects, there is good reason to suspect that the interior geometry of a rotating black hole is not the Kerr geometry. The inner event horizon of the Kerr geometry is probably not stable, due to the infinite blue-shifting of infalling radiation. This observation was supported by the investigation of charged black holes which exhibited similar "infinite blueshifting" behavior. While much work has been done, the realistic gravitational collapse of objects into rotating black holes, and the resultant geometry, continues to be an active research topic.

title: Ring singularity


text:
User:Fcpolifan

Born 1987 in Romania, I find myself happily alive on any misty day of the year.

I'm a big fan of FCU Politehnica Timisoara, Parma AC, Marco Di Vaio and Fernando Cavenaghi.

Everything else is of random importance.

My Poli Timisoara Blog

title: User:Fcpolifan


text:
Does Humor Belong in Music? (album)

Does Humor Belong in Music? is a live album by Frank Zappa.

Releases
The album features concert recordings from October–December 1984. It was the first album by Zappa to be released on CD only (although it was bootlegged on vinyl for listeners who did not own CD players). In 1995, it was reissued by Rykodisc in an extremely remixed form, with significantly improved dynamic range and new artwork. The 1995 edition includes an extra minute of percussion effects during "Let's Move to Cleveland" that had been excised from the EMI edition. In 2012 the (remixed) album was reissued as a part the Zappa Reissue Program. It was a part of "The 4th set of 12" released on October 30, 2012 and featured the original artwork without the white stain in the bottom left.

A home video (later reissued on DVD) of the same name was released. "Zoot Allures", "Tinsel Town Rebellion", "Trouble Every Day" and "Whipping Post" appear on both, but are different performances. Fragments of "Hot-Plate Heaven" also appear in the video (with only the verses of the song left intact). The cover art of the original CD release and video release, however, are the same.

Track listing
All tracks by Frank Zappa except as noted.

Personnel

 * Frank Zappa – lead guitar, vocals
 * Ray White – rhythm guitar, vocals
 * Ike Willis – rhythm guitar, vocal
 * Bobby Martin – keyboards, saxophone, vocal, french horn
 * Allan Zavod – keyboards, solo on "Cleveland"
 * Scott Thunes – bass guitar
 * Chad Wackerman – drums, solo on "Cleveland"
 * Dweezil Zappa – lead guitar on "Whipping Post"

Production

 * Frank Zappa - producer, arranger
 * Mark Pinske - recording engineer
 * Thom Ehle - recording engineer
 * Bob Stone - remix engineer
 * Ebet Roberts - cover photography
 * Mark Matsuno - design
 * Cal Schenkel - cover for 1995 CD

title: Does Humor Belong in Music? (album)


text:
Nathaniel Jeremiah Bradlee

Nathaniel Jeremiah Bradlee (June 1, 1829 – December 17, 1888) was a Boston architect and a partner in the firm of Bradlee, Winslow & Wetherell.

Life
Bradlee was born in Boston to Elizabeth Davis and Samuel Bradlee. He married Julia Rebecca Weld on April 17, 1855. Their children were Joseph Williams Bradlee, Caroline Lousia Bradlee, Elizabeth Lydia Bradlee, Eleanor Collamore Bradlee, and Hellen Curtis Bradlee.

Bradlee designed many of the townhouses in Boston's South End, and was president of the Cochituate Water Board. The Bradlee Basin at the Chestnut Hill Reservoir, Newton, Massachusetts, completed in 1870, was named in his honor.

In 1876, Bradlee ran unsuccessfully for mayor of Boston.

From 1866 to 1896, his family lived in the Alvah Kittredge House, a Greek Revival mansion (built 1836) at 10 Linwood Street, Roxbury, Massachusetts. He vacationed in Altamonte Springs, Florida in what is now known as the Bradlee-McIntyre House (built 1885), probably the best example of Victorian Cottage Style architecture in Central Florida. In 1885, Henry Herman Westinghouse, younger brother of George Westinghouse, built a nearby house whose plan was a mirror image of the Bradlee-McIntyre House. Westinghouse also had Bradlee design homes of 12 to 15 rooms near Boston Avenue in town.

Bradlee died unexpectedly in Bellows Falls, Vermont while on a train from Boston to Keene, New Hampshire. His papers are archived in the Boston Athenæum.

Legacy
Bradlee's early 1860s Jordan Marsh department store, an ornate brownstone edifice with a landmark corner clock tower in what is now known as Boston's Downtown Crossing, sparked a major historic preservation movement in the city when it was torn down in 1975. Local architect Leslie Larson had founded a coalition called the City Conservation League to try to save the old building — one of the few survivors of the Great Boston Fire of 1872 — but it made way for a low modern brick structure that sits there today as Macy's. Some outraged customers cut up their credit cards in protest of the demolition. These protests and preservationist grassroots efforts led to the creation of the Boston Landmarks Commission. He built for Royal Robbins of Waltham Watch Co. a series of 8 freight stables in 1866, which serviced the adjoining Boston and Providence Railroad property. They are still standing on Stanhope Street Boston.

Gallery

 * 1853–1854 – First Church in Jamaica Plain, Unitarian-Universalist, a National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) site. At Centre and South Sts. Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts.
 * 1855 – William F. Schultz House, 53 Beacon Street, Boston, Massachusetts.
 * Early 1860s – Jordan Marsh department store, 450 Washington Street, Boston, Massachusetts (demolished in 1975)
 * 1861–1862, Phillips School, Boston, Massachusetts. A rare substantial surviving Italianate school building.
 * 1866 eight freight stables at 13-45 Stanhope Street, Boston to service B&P Railroad Co.
 * 1869, the Cochituate standpipe. Modernized Roxbury's water system.
 * 1870 – Mount Auburn Reception House, Mount Auburn Cemetery, Cambridge, Massachusetts. One of only two existing buildings in Cambridge, Massachusetts by Bradlee.
 * 1874, Railway Station, North Conway, New Hampshire.
 * 1874– Second Church, Boston, on Boylston Street, between Dartmouth and Clarendon
 * 1874–1878 – Danvers State Hospital, 450 Maple Street, Danvers, Massachusetts. A massive complex designed to care for the mentally ill.
 * 1875, commercial building (workshops), 6 East Springfield Street, South End, Boston
 * 1876 – Boston Young Men's Christian Union, 48 Boylston Street, Boston, Massachusetts. An outstanding example of the High Gothic style, another NRHP site.
 * 1878 – Unitarian Church, Brunswick, Maine.
 * 1879 – 542–550 Columbus Avenue, South End, Boston. Single family row houses.
 * Late 1870s – Palladio Hall, 60–62 Warren Street, Boston, Massachusetts. An Italian Renaissance-style commercial block designed and owned by Bradlee.

Published works

 * Nathaniel J. Bradlee, History of the Introduction of Pure Water into the City of Boston, with a Description of Its Cochituate Water Works, Boston: Alfred Mudge & Son, 1868.

title: Nathaniel Jeremiah Bradlee


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Votes at 16

Votes at 16 is a campaign in the United Kingdom which argues in favour of the reduction of the voting age to 16 for all public elections. The campaign espouses several principles in favour of lowering the voting age.

Votes at 16 Coalition
The Votes at 16 Coalition is a national group of major UK youth organisations, political parties and other supporters that campaign for 16 and 17 year olds to be able to vote in all UK public elections. The coalition is led by a steering group of active members who include the British Youth Council, the Children's Rights Alliance for England, The Co-operative Group, the National Union of Students and the Scottish Youth Parliament. This group of organisations have been campaigning on Votes at 16 for a number of years and meet regularly to plan and develop the campaign. Other member organisations of the coalition consist of the Electoral Reform Society, YMCA, the National Youth Agency and the European Youth Forum among many more.

Current members organisations
• British Youth Council

• Children's Rights Alliance for England

• National Union of Students (United Kingdom)

• Public Achievement

• Scottish Youth Parliament

• A National Voice

• Alliance Youth

• Article 12

• Association for Citizenship Teaching

• Association of Educational Psychologists

• Barnardo's

• Young Wales

• Care Leavers' Association

• Children's parliament

• Children's Rights Officers and Advocates

• Compass Youth

• Scottish National Party (Youth)

• Plaid Ifanc

• Dudley College (Students' Union)

• Edinburgh University Students' Association

• Electoral Reform Society

• Student voice

• Envision

• Epping Forest Youth Council

• European Youth Forum

• Funky Dragon

• Gateshead Youth Council

• Global Youth Justice

• The Intergenerational Foundation

• Lancaster and Morecambe College Students' Union

• Liberal Democrats (UK)

• Liberal Party (UK)

• Young Liberals (UK)

• Liberty (advocacy group)

• Local Government Information Unit

• Plaid Cymru

• NAHT Edge

• National Children's Bureau

• National Union of Students Wales

• National Union of Students Scotland

• Oldham Youth Council

• Practical Participation

• Public and Commercial Services Union

• Youth Focus North East

• Scottish Greens

• Scottish Liberal Democrats

• Scottish National Party

• Fife College Students' Association

• The Children's Society

• Co-operative Party

• National Council for Voluntary Youth Services

• Trade Union Council

• Unison (trade union)

• University of Lincoln Students' Union

• Unlock Democracy

• UpRising

• WIMPS

• Woodcraft Folk

• YMCA

• Young Advisors

• Young Greens of England and Wales

• Young Labour (UK)

• Lewisham Young Mayor

• Young Scot

• National Youth Agency

• Christians on the Left

Parliamentary activity
Aside from youth organisations, The Votes at 16 coalition has a vast supportive network of politicians who have backed the call to lower the voting age to 16 in the UK. These politicians range from local UK councils, Members of Parliament, Lords, and Members of European Parliament to Members of Scottish Parliament, Members of Legislative Assembly and Welsh Assembly Members.

In 2008 members of the coalition met a few MPs ahead of the second reading of the Voting Age (Reduction) Bill in the UK Parliament, but the bill was talked down by Stewart Jackson, Conservative MP for Peterborough. The Labour Party's Conference in 2008 voted to accept the recommendation of Labour's National Policy Forum to support Votes at 16.

A number of attempts were made to bring forward Bills to reduce the voting age including Jim McMahon's Private Members Bill Representation of the People (Young People's Enfranchisement and Education) Bill 2017-19, which again was talked out when it received its Second Reading in 2017.

UK Youth Parliament debate (2009–present)
Since 2009, the UK Youth Parliament (UKYP) has held an annual debate at the Houses of Parliament led by the Speaker of the House of Commons. Members of Youth Parliament debate five issues chosen by ‘Make Your Mark’, a ballot of young people from across the UK, and vote to decide which two issues should become the UKYP priority campaigns for the year ahead.

Votes at 16 is a reoccurring issue that has been selected as one of the top five topics multiple times since 2011, the most recent being in 2018, with over 80,000 11–18-year-olds voting in favour of the campaign.

Out of the five times Votes at 16 has been brought to debate, it has been chosen as a UKYP priority campaign a total of four times and was the lead UK-wide campaign for 2019.

Scottish independence referendum (2014)
The Scottish National Party (SNP), who are currently in government in Scotland, have officially called for the voting age to be lowered to 16 and lowered the voting age to 16 for the referendum on Scottish Independence. However, when the SNP put forward a motion in the Scottish Parliament for a second independence referendum on the 28 March 2017, the party omitted the right for 16 and 17 year-olds to be able to vote in it. This led to the Scottish Greens putting forward an amendment to the proposal to allow those age 16 and 17 to be able to vote in a second Scottish independence referendum. The proposal for a second independence referendum, along with the amendment to lower the voting age for it, was passed by the majority of MSPs in the Scottish Parliament.

Voting age lowered to 16 for Scottish elections (2015)
In 2015 the voting age for Scottish local elections and Scottish Parliament elections was reduced to 16 after a bill was passed unanimously in the Scottish Parliament. This was in place for the first time at the 2016 Scottish Parliament election.

Westminster Hall Debate (2019)
On 3 April 2019, a Westminster Hall Debate was held on the issue, put forward by Jim McMahon who in 2017 tabled a Private Members’ Bill on votes at 16. He said: “Less than 50 years ago, 18, 19 and 20-year-olds were denied the right to vote [...] Our democracy and our franchise have always been evolving.” He later added that it was “scandalous” MPs have not voted on the issue. Minister for the Constitution, Chloe Smith, said it would not be given further consideration as lowering the age would break the Conservative Party manifesto.

Votes at 16 All Party Parliamentary Group
The All Party Parliamentary Group (APPG) on Votes at 16 is a group of cross-party Members of Parliament allowing parliamentarians to meet to discuss a lower voting age, first established in March 2018. The purpose of the APPG is to bring together key voices from across Parliament to listen to evidence on the case for votes at 16, and to present this evidence to the Government.

The APPG currently has Co-Chairs from the major parties. They are Peter Bottomley, Vicky Foxcroft, Alison Thewliss, Wendy Chamberlain, Liz Saville-Roberts and Caroline Lucas.

The APPG's secretariat is the British Youth Council.

At the APPG's AGM held on Tuesday 2 April 2019, the Group published a Campaign Report reflecting on progress over the previous year.

Voting age lowered to 16 for Welsh elections (2019–2020)
The Welsh Assembly signalled its support for Votes at 16 and included the issue in a wider consultation on local government reform in 2019. In January 2020, legislation was passed to reduce the voting age to 16 for local elections and Senedd elections in Wales, which was active for the first time in the May 2021 Senedd election.

title: Votes at 16


text:
User talk:BASEBALLNUT

Welcome, from Journalist
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Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome!  Journalist ''' C./ Holla @ me! |undefined
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title: User talk:BASEBALLNUT


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Caspar de Gelmini

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was Delete --Allen3 talk 15:18, September 5, 2005 (UTC)

Caspar de Gelmini
Delete Non-notable PhilipO 23:54, August 30, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete appears to be nn musician vanity stub. -- Etacar11   02:46, 31 August 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Talk:Matching pennies

Two Finger Morra is the same game - link to it?
Since Matching pennies is the same game as Two Finger Morra (with matching one or two fingers rather than matching heads or tails), it would be useful to mention this and include a link to the wikipedia article on Morra 120.156.241.59 (talk) 23:38, 4 March 2010 (UTC)

Pesky little brother/discoordination
I redirected "pesky little brother" to this because "discoordination game" already redirected, but it's my understanding that those terms are distinct from matching pennies, which is a pure coordination game.

Besen and Farrell's "Choosing How to Compete: Strategies and Tactics in Standardization" (Journal of Economic Perspectives, Vol. 8, No. 2, Spring, 1994) lays out a differing payoff matrix. The example often given is an established technology with a proprietary standard vs. an emerging technology. Rather than a pure either/or, the outcome matrix is like the one to the right. Jokestress (talk) 04:27, 8 May 2011 (UTC)

 * The article lede says, "Matching pennies, also called the Pesky Little Brother Game or Parity Game..." I'm not familiar with either of those alternative names, which could be simply ignorance on my part. I can imagine why it might be called a pesky little brother game (your annoying little brother wants to be wherever you are, you want to be where's he's not), but is it a common enough usage to earn mention? The best reference I turned up on a google scholar search is these lecture notes.

 * On "parity game", I get the feeling that a parity game is a broader class of games, which matching pennies might satisfy.

 * Anyway, lean toward pulling those out

 * The Besson And Farrell paper seems to focus is on dynamics, unlike in matching pennies, so I think it doesn't fit. C RETOG 8(t/c) 17:55, 8 May 2011 (UTC)

 * Jokestress merged/redirected those because she thought that discoordination game is entirely synonymous with matching pennies. See section below. 02:27, 9 May 2011 (UTC)
 * (Also parity game] is usually about infinite games.) Tijfo098 (talk) 02:43, 9 May 2011 (UTC)
 * Tijfo098, that's the opposite of what I said. I agree with Cretog8 that the "pesky little brother" does not describe matching pennies, because it is a discoordination game. If we aren't going to give discoordination games their own article, I don't think this is the place to redirect "pesky little brother." Jokestress (talk) 03:26, 9 May 2011 (UTC)
 * Are you proposing we re-purpose this article to cover the whole class of discoordination games? Tijfo098 (talk) 03:52, 9 May 2011 (UTC)
 * Actually, if discoordination games don't deserve their own article yet, I think putting them as a section here makes more sense than as currently done under coordination game. A section here on "other discoordination games" would be OK for the time being (and suited to the literature, which sometimes has "asymmetric matching pennies" games). That said, I'm still not sure "pesky little brother" is a good example discoordination game, since it seems to be a very special case with possible dynamics in mind. C RETOG 8(t/c) 04:01, 9 May 2011 (UTC)
 * I think discoordination game should be a standalone, since there is more than one type. Perhaps we should bring this up at the Wikiproject for this topic? Jokestress (talk) 04:46, 9 May 2011 (UTC)

Probably a good idea. The discussion/decision is complicated by the fact that few sources define discoordination game, and those that do so, do not define anti-coordination game and vice-versa. . Tijfo098 (talk) 06:16, 9 May 2011 (UTC)

Battle of the sexes/coordination
There's also a coordination game Besen and Farrell called "Battle of the Sexes," with the VHS vs. Beta standard wars as a frequently-cited example. That payoff is shown to the right.

A lot of this stuff might be better in a separate article or at least its own section. Jokestress (talk) 04:27, 8 May 2011 (UTC)

 * This not a good idea because matching pennies is not the whole class of discoordination games, and this article doesn't even define the notion. I fixed that redirect to Coordination game, but the definition there needs work. Tijfo098 (talk) 10:41, 8 May 2011 (UTC)

External links modified
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Coordination Strategies for Non-Zero Sum Asymmetric Variant
I see an obvious way to improve the asymmetric game for both players if they communicate, or manage with enough optimistic trials to hit on an improved strategy, at least for long repeated iterations with the same players. Under the payoffs given in this section, if Even consistently chooses "heads" and Odd chooses "heads" one in five times, then Even wins +7-4 = 3 / five turns, while Odd wins +4-1 = 3 / five turns, for an average gain of 1.67 / turn each. These are far higher payoffs than the .6 / 0 average gains for each under the mixed strategies recommended. This is in effect an Adam Smithian kind of trade between partners, exploiting the fact that one of them is more "efficient" at getting ahead than the other, as long as the other is incentivized to cooperate. Of course, there are other patterns which would still bring them both ahead, but with unequal payoffs, e.g., if Odd chooses heads 2/5 times, or 1/6 times, and negotiating between the two as to how to split the "rewards" may be complex. And naturally, if Even choose Heads come what may, Odd could exploit that to get more, so Even would have to punish this behavior (e.g., by playing randomly for a while, then going back to Heads-only for a bit to see if Odd gets the hint and behaves). But I'm not deeply familiar with game theory; is this sort of arrangement and negotiation assumed to be ruled out because it can't be enforced or communicated, or is there some subset of game theory which involves this, etc.? ScottForschler (talk) 19:19, 12 September 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Matching pennies


text:
User talk:Mapleburner21

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title: User talk:Mapleburner21


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St Peters, New South Wales

St Peters is a suburb in the Inner West of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. It is 7 kilometres south of the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of Inner West Council, with a small section in the southeast in the City of Sydney.

History
St Peters was named by its association with St Peters Anglican Church, which was consecrated in 1838. St Peters is the third oldest Anglican church in Sydney and has been claimed to be the first church built in Australia using non-convict labour. The church is on the Princes Highway. It was designed by Thomas Bird and built in 1838–39. In 1875, alterations were carried out under the supervision of Edmund Blacket. The church is now listed on the Register of the National Estate. The graveyard is the burial place of a few notable people, including solicitor and merchant Frederick Wright Unwin, who had Unwin Road and Unwin's Bridge named after him. It is also the burial place of people who committed suicide, patients of the Bayview Mental Asylum at Tempe, and victims of unsolved murders. Graveyard history tours are conducted monthly.

In 2009, the church was given a grant of $30,000 from the state government for carrying out much-needed renovations. The grant was aimed at repairing cracked walls and sealing windows. Pastor Shane Rogerson said the building was "ill-fated from the beginning" because it was built on clay-based soil, which meant it will always have problems with cracking.

The first large land grant in the area was made in 1799 to Provost-Marshal Thomas Smyth. His 470 acre stretched from the Cooks River to the present Campbell Street. After Smyth's death in 1804, the land was acquired by Robert Campbell (1769–1846), a wealthy merchant who built some of the early warehouses along the Sydney Cove waterfront.

Alexander Brodie Spark (1792–1856) was a wealthy merchant who named the suburbs of Tempe after his mansion Tempe House that he built at what is now Wolli Creek and the suburb of St Peters that developed around the church. Barwon Park House was a large residence erected by Spark in 1815 on land leased from Robert Campbell. It was demolished in 1953. Campbell sold his property in 1830 but reserved land for the church. St Peters was described in the 1840s as one of the most fashionable and aristocratic suburbs of Sydney.

St Peters was a separate municipality from 1871 to 1948, when it amalgamated with the Municipality of Marrickville but now falls under the governance of Inner West Council. The St Peters town hall in Unwins Bridge Road was built in 1927 just across the suburb boundary in Sydenham and now houses the St Peters branch of Inner West Library and a small community centre. The railway station opened on 15 October 1884 and the post office opened in October 1851.

Brickworks and tip
In the 1870s, St Peters was an important brickmaking centre. Eventually brickworks expanded to take up most of the present-day suburb - all of the land east of the Princes Highway.

The brickworks closed after World War II and for most of the 1960s and 1970s the site was used as a rubbish tip, with the vast clay pits eventually filled by domestic and commercial refuse. After the tip closed in the 1980s, it was used in for industrial purposes. In the early 21st century, the site was used to construct the St Peters Interchange, part of the WestConnex project. The interchange opened to traffic on the M8 Motorway in 2020. When fully completed in 2024, it will be the interchange between the M8 and a number of other motorways extending northwest, and east to the Airport.

Part of the same brickworks area, close to St Peters railway station but in the neighbouring suburb of Alexandria, New South Wales, on the corner of Mitchell Road (now Sydney Park Road) and the Princes Highway, was turned into Sydney Park in the 1980s. The area was covered, landscaped and revegetated so that several large artificial hills were created with sweeping views south to Botany Bay and north to the city. Four towering chimneys that carried exhaust from the brick kilns remain standing and have been incorporated into the Sydney Park site along with some of the kilns and various pieces of large brickworks machinery. The remains of the brickworks were heritage-listed.

The brickworks are well known in paleontology for the discovery of a full, intact skeleton of a Paracyclotosaurus davidi in 1910. The Paracyclotosaurus davidi was a prehistoric amphibian and the only known species to have lived in Australia.

Heritage listings
St Peters has a number of heritage-listed sites, including:
 * 187-209 Princes Highway: St Peter's Anglican Church
 * Princes Highway (opposite Sydney Park Road): St Peters railway station

Population
According to the, there were 3,145 residents in St Peters. 62.4% of residents were born in Australia. The next most common country of birth was England (5.2%). The most common ancestries in St Peters were English 23.4%, Australian 17.5%, Irish 10.5%, Scottish 6.5% and Chinese 4.2%. 72% of people only spoke English at home. The most common responses for religious affiliation were No Religion (49.3%), Catholic (26.6%), Not stated 12.2%, Anglican 5.5% and Eastern Orthodox 3.4%. St Peters has the highest proportion of female same-sex couples out of any suburb in Australia.

Transport
The Princes Highway is a major arterial road in southern Sydney. It has its origins in St Peters at the intersection with King Street and Sydney Park Road. Also located at this intersection is St Peters railway station which is served by trains on the Bankstown Line of the Sydney Trains network. City-bound trains arrive approximately every fifteen minutes in peak hour, and take about seven minutes to reach Central station. Transit Systems and Transdev John Holland routes service St Peters including the Kogarah bound 422 from Railway Square and the Coogee bound 370 from Glebe Point.

A major road interchange, the St Peters Interchange, occupies the eastern part of the suburb, built as part of the WestConnex project. The interchange occupies a large part of the old tip site, a site larger than the entire residential part of the suburb. The eastern end of the M8 Motorway emerges at the interchange. By 2023 the interchange will also provide connections to western Sydney via the M4-M5 Link tunnel and to Sydney Airport via the Sydney Gateway.

Features
St Peters has a mixture of residential, commercial and industrial areas. The larger portion of the suburb, east of the Princes Highway, on the site of the former tip and historical brickworks, was industrial land until recently, but will be turned into a major road junction called the St Peters Interchange as part of the WestConnex project. A portion of the suburb in the north and west, adjacent to the railway line and Unwins Bridge Road, is also largely industrial.

The small, remaining part of the suburb west of the Princes Highway but east of the railway is largely residential. The main shopping strip is located along the Princes Highway, leading into King Street, Newtown.

Landmarks

 * Camdenville Oval sits between May Street and the railway line.
 * St Peters is the home of the Town and Country Hotel, immortalised in the song "Duncan" recorded by Slim Dusty. The Southern Cross Hotel is located on the corner of Princes Highway and Canal Road.
 * Olympic rings, used to decorate Sydney during the 2000 Olympics, now adorn the entrance to a recycling centre at St Peters.

Schools
St Peters Church of England School began in 1849. A permanent building was opened on Cooks River Road in 1855. The school was taken over by the Department of Education in 1881 and became St Peters Public School. The church school building was used until the present day school was erected. Although the school has had its hardships with its student enrolment reducing due to the change in demographics in the area. it still remains to this day. As of 2019, and since 2014, the school has more than doubled in number and due to the increase in unit dwellings in the area it is expected to grow over the next ten years.

title: St Peters, New South Wales


text:
Young Heart Attack

Young Heart Attack (YHA) were a rock band from Austin, Texas, that formed in 2001. Chris "Frenchie" Smith and bassist Steven T. Hall had previously been in the Sixteen Deluxe and Joey Shuffield in Fastball.

Original (2000–2005)

 * Chris Hodge - vocals/guitar
 * Jennifer Stephens - vocals
 * Chris "Frenchie" Smith - guitar
 * Steven T. Hall - bass
 * Joey Shuffield - drums

Second Lineup (2005-2008)

 * Chris Hodge - vocals / guitar
 * Jennifer Stephens - vocals
 * Chris "Frenchie" Smith - guitar
 * Paul Etheredge - bass
 * Jayson Altman - drums

History
For a significant period during their early stages they were a seven-piece band, with members including Tony Scalzo, Alice Spencer, and Bryan Bowden gradually coming and going until they ended up with what is considered their original lineup.

Lead singer Cliff Jones was very taken with the band and returned to Austin, the band's base, to record demos at Chris "Frenchie" Smith's Bubble studios. These recordings were issued as a 7-inch single on Leo Silverman's Rex Records boutique imprint. More demos including "Tommy Shots" were recorded and the band signed to XL Records resulting in Mouthful of Love. Jones co-wrote and produced the album, which was recorded at the Bubble. The band played several UK tours, including an arena tour with The Darkness and Motörhead, leading to further collaborations with Motörhead front man Lemmy Kilmister leading to his appearance on their song "Get It Hot".

After only one studio album, in early 2006 Young Heart Attack announced they were splitting up and ceased work on their second album. However the band regrouped later in 2006. Their second album Rock and Awe was released in 2008.

Discography

 * "Over and Over" (single) (2003) XL, UK Singles #84
 * "Misty Rowe" (single) (2003) XL
 * Mouthful of Love [EP] (2003) XL - initially sold on the band's tour with Motörhead
 * Mouthful of Love (2004) XL
 * "Tommy Shots" (single) (2004) XL
 * "Starlite" (single) (2004) XL
 * Rock and Awe (2008) Not on Your Radio

title: Young Heart Attack


text:
Talk:Mechanism design

Recent Change
I think its inaccurate to say that mechanism deisgn was pioneered in during the cold war era- The fact that it was the cold war was irrelevant. It didn't take the cold war to spur on mechanism design, it took game theory and the study of auctions, and advances in the study of Bayesian games.

Also, the second sentence is clunky, and restates things in the opening paragraph. Plus it has misspellings. I am reverting it. DOD 23:47, 12 March 2006 (UTC)

Including Reference to Economics
I'm not sure I agree that it needs to be pointed out that Mechanism Design is a subfield of both Game Theory and Economics. There are Computer Science People, and electrical engineering people, and Math people doing Mechanism design without more than a passing reference to economics, and really, there is no Mechanism Design without Game Theory, while there is Economics without either Game Theory or Mechansim design. The subfield of Mechanism Design is contained entirely within Game Theory, which is itself only partially within economics. So I think the change is superfluous. And besides the game theory stub at the bottom makes clear where Mechanism Design falls. So can you give a good reason that the change should stand? I can see why a stub might be added, but I don't think the content of the article needs the repetition. DOD 19:25, 7 June 2006 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Pyat rublei 1997.jpg
Image:Pyat rublei 1997.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot 11:30, 6 July 2007 (UTC)

Actual "howto"?
The article is missing the actual description of how to implement mechanism design. It's just a meta-description. after reading it, i know why you want to use mechanism design, but i still know nothing about "what to do (exactly), when you do mechanism design". There's not even a link to such a paper. :(

Could someone who actually knows something about the topic add real information to the text? :)

Some info
I don't actually know something about the topic, but I share enough of your frustration to spend a few minutes with Google, given that the Nobel Prize in economics was awarded for this work just a few days ago. I am trying to include only those links that are significantly more informative than recent news stories. Many of these are college/university courses where the lecture notes are available online. I am doing this in haste right now, but maybe I'll get energetic later, actually read some of that stuff, and try to put together a condensed version of the basic ideas. -- WillWare 11:45, 16 October 2007 (UTC)
 * http://www.eecs.harvard.edu/~parkes/pubs/ch2.pdf
 * http://www.eecs.harvard.edu/~parkes/mechdesign.html
 * http://www.hpl.hp.com/techreports/2002/HPL-2002-321.pdf
 * http://minnesota.publicradio.org/display/web/2007/10/15/midday1/?rsssource=1
 * http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Electrical-Engineering-and-Computer-Science/6-972Spring-2005/CourseHome/
 * http://faculty.haas.berkeley.edu/hermalin/econ206.html
 * http://www.cs.duke.edu/courses/fall06/cps296.2/

It turns out there is an hour-long Google tech talk about mechanism design, by a Harvard economics professor named Al Roth. This is likely to have some good tutorial material on how mechanism design works. At the moment my network connection is a bit too strained for video, but the first 75 seconds look promising. -- WillWare 16:22, 17 October 2007 (UTC)

I don't know what I was thinking. That tech talk was about MARKET design. Here is one about MECHANISM design, given by Noam Nisan of Google Tel-Aviv and previously from academia. -- WillWare 20:03, 19 October 2007 (UTC)

Missing Content
The content under "See Also" on the main page points to a Google page that is unavailable. This may be temporary, but perhaps someone might check (someone might be me...) in a few days to see if it is back or not. Bob Herrick 21:58, 17 October 2007 (UTC)

Removal of Robotics Stub
I saw that User:Masterpiece2000 removed the stub for robotics on this article. I added it back because using markets and mechanism design is actually an emerging practice in multi-robot coordination. Here are a few people I know off the top of my head who are working in this area and have at least a couple papers (that I have read) on using either markets or mechanism design in multi-robot systems: Maria Gini, Sven Koenig, Michail Lagoudakis, Brian Gerkey, and Ruggiero Cavallo. I looked and saw that User:Jamesontai had added this tag, and on his page he mentions working on robotics and "spatial systems", but he is also in Mechanical engineering, so I am not sure whether or not he knew what mechanism design was when he put the tag there, but I'd certainly argue for it, as it has applications in robotics. I added it as low priority, as right now it is not widely used yet, but is an active area of research. Halcyonhazard (talk) 05:53, 14 August 2008 (UTC)

 * Mechanism design has applications in robotics? I will be very surprised if that's true. I don't know much about robotics, but I know about economics. If it has applications in robotics, and if the reliable sources say so, it can be a part of WikiProject Robotics. I will do some research. Masterpiece2000   ( talk ) 14:00, 14 August 2008 (UTC)

 * Here is a paper that is pretty obvious of the use of mechanism design in robotics: Halcyonhazard (talk) 19:55, 14 August 2008 (UTC)

 * Interesting paper. I will do some more research. Masterpiece2000   ( talk ) 03:18, 15 August 2008 (UTC)

Values discussion missing?
Mechanisim design appears to be an attempt at social engineering from above by those who claim to know best. Isn't this communism? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 149.32.192.33 (talk) 13:58, 14 August 2008 (UTC)

 * Mechanism design is applicable to any system where you have self-interested rational agents and at least one agent has at least rudimentary control over some part of the interactions. Mechanism design is governance, not communism.  It is applicable to nearly any type of economic regime including communism and capitalism.  You could even argue that the anarcho-capitalism employs mechanism design in the decision to limit centrally enforced rules.  From a USA perspective, all of the decisions made by  the Fed and the SEC involve mechanism design (whether or not the mathematical treatment of mechanism design is actually used in their decisions is another matter, however, in many situations the problem may be intractable or you don't have enough information).  Decisions and legislation of how to treat and punish criminals in order to arrive at desired social norms is also an application of mechanism design.  As outlined in the design goals section of the article, no market system (nor voting system) is perfect because it is mathematically impossible to achieve all of the desiderata.  This does not mean that markets or democracy are bad -- they are better than all of the known alternatives -- it just means there are always trade-offs that must be made, just like in the project triangle in engineering.  For example, the restrictions on insider trading is a decision involving markets based out of mechanism design.  Halcyonhazard (talk) 20:12, 14 August 2008 (UTC)

Formal notation
If there is going to be a definition in formal notation, then the terms should all be defined. For example, in:
 * the player will pick an action $$s_i(t_i) \in A_i$$, where $$A_i$$ is the set of possible actions for player $$i$$ offered by the mechanism... Each player has utility $$u_i:T_i \times O \rightarrow {\mathbb R}$$, where $$O$$ is the outcome generated by the mechanism.

there is no clue, for instance, what $$s$$ is - is "s" a strategy applied to a player's "type", that gives rise to an action? And what is $${\mathbb R}$$? This section needs work. It's too long (or not long enough) since I looked at formal methods and pure maths. - Paul (talk) 21:50, 2 May 2009 (UTC)

It isn't clear what theta_-i means or s_-i or u_i mean. If these were explained, then the section would be much clearer —Preceding unsigned comment added by 122.106.167.25 (talk) 04:08, 18 July 2010 (UTC)

Expansion
This article doesn't say much about the work of Leonid Hurwicz, Eric Maskin, Roger Myerson, Stanley Reiter, and other pioneers of mechanism design. Lots of work is required. I believe this article can achieve GA status. Masterpiece2000  ( talk ) 14:15, 14 August 2008 (UTC)

 * This article has a lot of issues, from correctness to organization to missing information. Mct mht (talk) 16:22, 30 April 2013 (UTC)

Minor error in one sentence
The following sentence in this wiki:

Due to the IR condition it has to give every type enough a good enough deal to induce participation.

Should be:

Due to the IR condition it has to give every type a good enough deal to induce participation. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2001:480:610:40:217:31FF:FEEA:AC13 (talk) 14:38, 7 December 2012 (UTC)
 * Corrected. Thank you for the input. - DutchTreat (talk) 23:03, 24 October 2014 (UTC)

Separate Mechanism Design and Market Design to two separate articles
Could we start a new article for Market Design? This requires comment from someone more knowledgeable than me, but I don't believe the two are the same; Alvin Roth and Lloyd Shapley won the Nobel in economics in 2012 for their fundamental contributions to Market Design, but Roth isn't even mentioned in the article, and Shapley is only linked externally, when he co-authored one of market design's most famous problems. Please consider this separation!

Welcome back to Mechanism Design!
Thank you for your pong to my {ping}  While doing a bit of research for a plain english lead to lead into the technical lead, I was most influenced by this 6/14 keynote by Eric Maskin at the 2014 Warwick Economics Summit. Thought it might be a good idea for us to dump our references here, then cite them into the Article as warranted, so here's a start. Thanks again, and Mabuhay! - Loretta/LeoRomero (talk) 10:47, 12 December 2015 (UTC)

Dr. Said's comment on this article
Dr. Said has reviewed this Wikipedia page, and provided us with the following comments to improve its quality:

"The technical content appears generally correct; however, the article could be a bit more careful in the discussion of transfers. Generally speaking, the foundations of mechanism design rely on the social choice function (which might, but need not, involve the allocation of goods or the transfer of funds). Indeed, there exits a large literature on implementation using simple abstract social choice functions, and there is also a large literature on mechanisms without money.

In addition, things like Ironing don't necessarily belong in the general mechanism design article -- and certainly not with a proof."

We hope Wikipedians on this talk page can take advantage of these comments and improve the quality of the article accordingly.

Dr. Said has published scholarly research which seems to be relevant to this Wikipedia article:

 * Reference : Rahul Deb & Maher Said, 2013. "Dynamic Screening with Limited Commitment," Working Papers tecipa-485, University of Toronto, Department of Economics.

ExpertIdeasBot (talk) 13:26, 7 June 2016 (UTC)

Dr. Moldovanu's comment on this article
Dr. Moldovanu has reviewed this Wikipedia page, and provided us with the following comments to improve its quality:

"The article contains lots of material and some of the main results in the field, but it is pretty confused and confusing. There are lots of inaccurate statements . I doubt that uninitiated readers can make much sense of it. Thus, my recommendation is to ask some expert to write a new ( possibly shorter but accurate) article"

We hope Wikipedians on this talk page can take advantage of these comments and improve the quality of the article accordingly.

We believe Dr. Moldovanu has expertise on the topic of this article, since he has published relevant scholarly research:

 * Reference : Alex Gershkov & Jacob Goeree & Alexey Kushnir & Benny Moldovanu & Xianwen Shi, 2012. "On the Equivalence of Bayesian and Dominant Strategy Implementation," Working Papers tecipa-445, University of Toronto, Department of Economics.

ExpertIdeasBot (talk) 15:55, 24 August 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:Mechanism design


text:
Cha-La Head-Cha-La

"Cha-La Head-Cha-La" (チャラ・ヘッチャラ) is a song by Japanese musician and composer Hironobu Kageyama, released as his sixteenth single. It is best known as the first opening theme song of the Dragon Ball Z anime television series. Columbia released the single on vinyl, cassette and mini CD on May 1, 1989. It is coupled with the first Dragon Ball Z closing theme, "Detekoi Tobikiri Zenkai Power!" (でてこいとびきりZENKAIパワー!) performed by Manna.

"Cha-La Head-Cha-La" opened the first 199 episodes of the television series and the first nine films of the film adaptations. The single has sold 1.7million copies. It has been re-recorded in many other languages, with an English version performed by Kageyama himself that was released on his third greatest hits album entitled Hironobu Kageyama Best Album 3: Mixture in 1996.

"Cha-La Head-Cha-La"
Hironobu Kageyama received the offer to record the opening theme song to Dragon Ball Z from the director of Columbia Records. With his background in a rock band, Kageyama said this director had previously revitalized his career by choosing him to sing the theme to Dengeki Sentai Changeman when he wanted a rock singer who could sing the upbeat theme songs that were being written for anime in increasing number in the 1980s. This director told Kageyama he would be singing the theme to Dragon Ball Z and wanted him involved from the earliest stage. Kageyama had been reading the Dragon Ball manga in Weekly Shōnen Jump for quite some time and was shocked when he was offered the job.

Kageyama and his band made a demo of the song that the singer described as American rock in the vein of Bon Jovi. But he was astonished when he heard Kenji Yamamoto's final arrangement, which was very different, and was initially unsure if it was even good. According to Kageyama, Yamamoto loved club music and incorporated elements of it in the song. He described the bass as bouncy and funky, and the guitar as being played more like a keyboard. Kageyama said, "At the time, mainstream rock music did not have that kind of sound, and there were no arrangers who could have made arrangements like that. I think the sound as well as the lyrics were quite innovative." However, he also said that there are elements familiar to the British rock he grew up listening to everywhere in the song.

Yukinojo Mori received the request to write the lyrics to the theme song from Columbia. He later speculated that they had probably heard the themes he had written for the Kinnikuman anime and knew his methods and approach to writing anime themes. Because of the music's complex chords and structures that can not be played with a single guitar, Mori sensed an atmosphere of progressive rock, which he is a fan of. The lyrics that gave the song its title of "Cha-La Head-Cha-La" are a combination of different Japanese phrases. The first "Cha-La" comes from "chara ni suru" (チャラにする) and means "to pretend nothing happened", while "Head-Cha-La" comes from "hetchara" (ヘッチャラ), which means "It's OK." Mori explained, "A lot of things might have happened in my life up until this point, but once I reset myself it all becomes OK and I'm ready to give things another shot. I tried to write lyrics that expressed that feeling while still rhyming. A lot of people say that emptying your head of thoughts makes you empty inside, but actually it's the opposite. It's a sort of punk attitude that means you can shake it off and empty your mind. It also means that no matter what happens, you're undefeatable.", "That's why we decided to write it as 'HEAD-CHA-LA. When he first saw the lyrics, Kageyama initially thought it was a joke. But having known Mori since he was a teenager, the singer realized it was just the type of "crazy" thing he would do. He also said that, while most lyricists of the time prioritized showing off their own style through the lyrics, Mori prioritized the singer's enjoyment, "so his way of thinking was undoubtedly rock 'n roll. The thought that doing things that other people are already doing is dull and boring is pretty central to his character as a creator."

"Detekoi Tobikiri Zenkai Power!"
The single's B-side is "Detekoi Tobikiri Zenkai Power!", which is the first ending theme of Dragon Ball Z. Its composer Takeshi Ike had worked on the theme songs of the original Dragon Ball anime. Ike said he wanted to capture Dragon Ball's sense of mystery in the song and exude a "mystical kind of atmosphere". He also explained, "The opening [theme song] is usually flashy and dramatic, but you have more freedom in what the ending sounds like, so I thought it'd be fun if we made the song like something out of an amusement park." The track has an oriental feel that was combined with elements from pop, reggae, and a bunch of other different styles. The lyrics were written by Naruhisa Arakawa, who was a screenwriter on the Dragon Ball anime, based on scat vocals that were added during the music's composition period. They worked with female singer Manna on how to best time the lyrics to draw out their uniqueness, added choir parts to give the words more impact, and used shouts and other elements to add more variety and color.

After Manna finished recording her vocals, Ike continued to add elements to "turn up the sense of wonder". Wanting a kind of chant that sounded like a magic spell at the beginning of the song, he added backmasked vocals inspired by the technique used to voice the aliens in the 1977 film Star Wars. "First I needed some words to start with, so I decided to record the names of the producers and staff who worked on the song. I recorded it on a 6mm tape and then just flipped it upside down and played it backwards through a 48-channel digital mixer, then pitched it up and added some effects. What I ended up with sounded like some kind of hypnotic, trance-like incantation."

Reception
The single sold 1.7million copies in Japan. After "Cha-La Head-Cha-La", Kageyama estimated that he went on to sing around 70 songs for the Dragon Ball franchise as of 2021. But he considers the first to be his best work as people are always happy when he sings it. "You could say that I'm not even an anime song singer, I'm literally the "CHA-LA HEAD-CHA-LA" singer! *laughs*" Arukara's 2016 song "Chaohan Music", which is an ending theme of Dragon Ball Super, pays tribute to "Detekoi Tobikiri Zenkai Power!" by including its own backmasked message.

2005 Recording
Kageyama recorded a new version of "Cha-La Head-Cha-La" that was released as a single on August 3, 2005, under the title "Cha-La Head-Cha-La (2005 Ver.)". This version features a completely different composition and is coupled with a new recording of "We Gotta Power", a different Dragon Ball Z theme that Kageyama performed. Various remixes of the two songs are also included. The single's cover art features characters from the anime. A "Self Cover" version of the single, featuring Kageyama as the cover art, was released as an iTunes exclusive; however, it omits one track, "Cha-La Head-Cha-La (Mobi[le-re]make Version)".

The 2005 version of the song peaked at number 118 on the Oricon Singles Chart and charted for two weeks. It served as the theme song of the video game Super Dragon Ball Z, which was released four months later.

Cover versions
Since its release, the song has been covered by many artists. In 2001, the Anipara Kids recorded a version for the album Club Ani para presents: Ani para Best & More. In 2004 the compilation album Anime Trance 2 features a version by Tora + R-SEQ. The 2005 Anime Speed compilation and the 2006 Speed Buyuden compilation feature a version by Lee Tairon.

The Italian band Highlord recorded a version that appears as a bonus track on the Japanese release of their album Instant Madness. The anime cover band Animetal recorded their take on "Cha-la Head-Cha-la". It first appeared on Animetal Marathon VII as part of the "Jump Into The Fire mini-Marathon" at the end of the disc. The Animetal version also appears on Animetal's 2006 "Decade of Bravehearts" Concert CD/DVD. In 2007 the compilation album ''Zakkuri! Paratech'' feature the song as part of a megamix performed by the 777BOYS. They would later team up with Pinpon and produce another version for ''J-Anime! Hyper Techno & Trance''.

The anime adaptation of the yonkoma manga Lucky Star substitutes conventional ending theme-songs with parodies of famous anime songs, episode five of which was "Cha-La Head-Cha-La" sung by the lead character, Konata. This was done at the request of Aya Hirano, Konata's voice actress, who is said to be a great fan of Kageyama. The song was later released as a part of ending-song compilations CD for the show. In 2008 another version would be recorded by Black Steel on the compilation Hi-Speed Kirakira Jk. Visual kei rock band Screw covered the song for the cover album V-Rock Anime in 2012. Idol group Momoiro Clover Z included a cover of the song on their single "Z no Chikai", which is the theme song for the 2015 movie Dragon Ball Z: Resurrection 'F'.

Flow version
"Hero ~Kibō no Uta~ / Cha-La Head-Cha-La" (HERO ~希望の歌~ / CHA-LA-HEAD-CHA-LA) is the twentieth single by Japanese rock band Flow, released on March 20, 2013, as a double A-side. Both songs were created for use in the 2013 theatrical film Dragon Ball Z: Battle of Gods and included on Flow's eighth album Flow the Max!!!. "Hero ~Kibō no Uta~" is used as an insert song in the film, while the cover of "Cha-La Head-Cha-La" is used as its theme song. English-language versions of both songs were used in international releases of the film, with the English version of "Cha-La Head-Cha-La" included on the single as one of four B-sides. The other three are "Rising Dragon -DJ Dragon Remix-", a remix of a song from Flow's 2004 single "Go", and instrumental versions of the two A-sides.

Two versions of the single were released, each with different cover art; the standard edition features the members of the band drawn in a Dragon Ball-style, while the first press edition features characters from the film. When the two versions are lined up alongside the film's original soundtrack, the artwork from all three connect to form a single large image. The first press edition includes a special card for the card video game Dragon Ball Heroes.

"Hero ~Kibō no Uta~ / Cha-La Head-Cha-La" reached #24 on the Oricon Singles Chart and charted for five weeks. Flow's version of "Cha-La Head-Cha-La" went on to be used in the video games Dragon Ball Z: Battle of Z and Dragon Ball Xenoverse, as well as part of the Anisong & BGM Music Pack in Dragon Ball FighterZ, Dragon Ball Xenoverse 2, and Super Dragon Ball Heroes: World Mission.

title: Cha-La Head-Cha-La