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Talk:James Bruce, 8th Earl of Elgin

Untitled
I added the burning of the Old Summer Palace in Beijing to Lord Elgin's 'accomplishments'. I find it rather incredible that an article like this would seek to downplay such vandalism (it took 3,500 troops to do the deed) as though it were a trivial and casual footnote to the man's life, emphasising instead his 'respectable' achievements. The article seems to be written from a European/North American POV.

However, my edit was reverted by user:John Kenney, who describes himself as a history graduate student studying modern European history. I appreciate that the destruction of the Old Summer Palace may not be gripping stuff from the point of view of European history, but it is still an emotional issue for the Chinese and continues to play a role in Chinese perceptions of/relations with the West. I submit that the place of people like Lord Elgin in history should not be judged from a purely Eurocentric point of view.

Bathrobe

In what sense did the article previously downplay this deed? The introductory paragraph is describing who Lord Elgin was, not what he did. He did a lot of things, and there's no reason to over-emphasize this one particular action, which was already described in the text. If you want to add more detail in the appropriate place, I won't object, but I see no reason to add pretty much the exact same text in two different parts of the article. And the ad hominem is completely unnecessary. Bathrobe has no idea whether I think the destruction of the Old Summer Palace is gripping or not, and I don't like to have my motives imputed. john k 14:47, 26 August 2005 (UTC)

Thank you for your prompt response. The first paragraph notes that he is 'best known as Governor General of the Province of Canada and Viceroy of India'. This information is repeated and expanded in the second paragraph.

It also notes that 'His second wife was Lady Mary Louisa Lambton, daughter of Lord Durham, the author of the groundbreaking Report on the Affairs of British North America (1839), and niece of the Colonial Secretary, Henry George Grey, 3rd Earl Grey.' The fact that his second wife's father wrote a 'groundbreaking report' sets his place in the British elite of the time and might be relevant to his role as Governor General of the Province of Canada but seems a selective presentation of the facts concerning 'who he was'.

Going to the capital city of a nation half way round the globe and deliberately destroying its principal seat of government seems to me a pretty controversial sort of action, no matter what else he did during his life. I can't see that placing it in the first paragraph is 'overemphasising' it.

Bathrobe

Well, the article needs work, certainly. In terms of his marriage, I think that stuff should probably be separated into its own paragraph. That said, it would be much more constructive for you to add details about the destruction of the Summer Palace (and Elgin's missions to China generally, which were multiple and quite eventful and are barely discussed here). If we're going to discuss the Summer Palace issue, we should mention, as the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography does, that Elgin saw the burning of the palace as a step which would specifically strike the Emperor, and not the people of China. It should also be mentioned that Elgin was generally skeptical of British policy towards East Asia, even as he was carrying it out. If you have access to it, I recommend taking a look at the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography entry on Elgin, which is much much better than our entry (unsurprisingly - most ODNB entries are). If you can't access it, I can send you the text by email. john k 17:46, 26 August 2005 (UTC)

I'm not sure I'm up to writing the entire article -- I just feel a change in overall emphasis is in order. However, you make a very constructive suggestion; it would be good to have more information in order to give a more rounded view of this event and the circumstances that surrounded it (rather than just demonising the Earl of Elgin). True, what he did was pretty bad from today's standards (although maybe not, given Iraq, etc.). Only from the point of view of a 19th century colonialist could the burning down of the Summer Palace be justified as 'punishing the emperor'. I would be very interested in seeing the text of the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. I presume I should supply an email address.

Bathrobe 08:24, 29 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Bruce Trail (or peninsula), Ontario, I believe was named in his honour correct? Canking 19:20, 4 June 2007 (UTC)
 * Of course the Bruce Peninsula was named for James Bruce, and the peninsula is in Bruce County, Ontario, too. See these two articles.47.215.183.159 (talk) 06:26, 23 September 2017 (UTC)

Childhood and Family
I miss some informations about his childhood and his family - father, mother, silblings, wife, children of his own and so on. Why are this informations not in the article ? --AndreaMimi (talk) 13:52, 20 May 2008 (UTC)

Schools named after him in Ontario
Does anyone know why there is a school in nearly every town or city in Ontario named after Lord Elgin, and why it seems to always be the techical school of the community ? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 70.48.29.12 (talk) 15:00, 23 May 2008 (UTC)

KCSI
I'm deleting the KCSI postnominal and removing Elgin from Category:Knights Commander of the Order of the Star of India. As he died before the expansion of the Order in 1866 he couldn't have been a Knight Commander anyway, and though he was ex officio Grand Master as Viceroy I don't think that would automatically make him a Knight Companion - compare the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, who was ex officio GM of the Order of St Patrick but frequently not himself a Knight Companion. Opera hat (talk) 11:11, 20 July 2008 (UTC)

Lieutenant Governor
James Bruce was never the Lieutenant Governor anywhere, Quebec or Ontario. A different Mr. Bruce WAS the Lt. Governor of Quebec, in a different century, the 20th.47.215.183.159 (talk) 06:33, 23 September 2017 (UTC)

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the. —Community Tech bot (talk) 08:44, 21 July 2020 (UTC)
 * Flag of the Lieutenant-Governor of Ontario.svg

Governer General?
I think he was only a Viceroy of India, Canning being the last Governor General and then Viceroy himself. alaymehta (talk) 19:36, 15 January 2024 (UTC)

 * The position of Governor General was continued by the Government of India Act 1858. Technically, there were two positions, held by one person.  The GovGen was appointed under statute and governed those parts of India under direct British control ("British India").  The Viceroy was appointed under the royal prerogative, and exercised the Crown's suzerainty over the Indian princes and their territories. See:  Governor-General of India;  Government of India Act 1858. Mr Serjeant Buzfuz (talk) 21:52, 15 January 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:James Bruce, 8th Earl of Elgin


text:
San Juan 24

The San Juan 24 is an American trailerable sailboat that was designed by Bruce Kirby as an International Offshore Rule Quarter Ton class racer.

The design was later developed into the more cruising-oriented San Juan 23 in 1975.

Production
The design was built by the Clark Boat Company in Kent, Washington, United States, starting in 1973 but it is now out of production. A total of 1200 examples of the design were built.

Design
The San Juan 24 is a recreational keelboat, built predominantly of fiberglass, with wood trim. It has a masthead sloop rig, a raked stem, a raised reverse transom, an internally-mounted spade-type rudder controlled by a tiller and a fixed fin keel. It displaces 3200 lb and carries 1650 lb of lead ballast.

The boat has a draft of 4.00 ft with the standard keel fitted and is normally fitted with a small 3 to 6 hp outboard motor for docking and maneuvering.

The design has sleeping accommodation for five people. Cabin headroom is 54 in.

The design has a PHRF racing average handicap of 219 with a high of 231 and low of 216. It has a hull speed of 5.92 kn.

Operational history
In a 2010 review Steve Henkel wrote, "Don Clark, designer of the San Juan 21 Mk I and II ... and owner of the Clark Boat Company of Kent, WA, went to Bruce Kirby for a hot new racer to be designed to the IOR Quarter Ton Rule. Clark imposed two important restrictions to broaden the market beyond the macho racer group: the boat could not draw more than 4' 0" or be wider than 8' 0", making the boat more useable in shoal waters and making trailering a little easier. Best features: The boat has been a success (and, at least so far, is the most popular quarter tonner ever), with over a thousand sailing, Worst features: Although she is fast and weatherly going upwind, dead downwind in heavy air under spinnaker she can be a little squirrelly, possibly a result of her narrow underbody aft."

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: San Juan 24


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Comparison between Star Trek and Doctor Who

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was DELETE. Paul August ☎ 20:44, September 2, 2005 (UTC)

Comparison between Star Trek and Doctor Who
Delete because it is original research. Also, many of the comparisons could apply to any two series, and there is some wrong information anyway. khaosworks (talk • contribs) 02:32, August 26, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, delete, and delete. We cannot allow people to make up inane comparisons out of the blue on Wikipedia. "Wood is brown! Feces are also brown! yeahwow" --Apostrophe 02:37, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete this and all other comparison articles for being original research. Yes, even similarities between Canada and New Zealand. But then, we voted to keep that. Even though it still doesn't contain any sources. :-P JRM · Talk 02:41, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment Ya could always put it back into VfD if you wanted to. --Apostrophe 02:53, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * No reason to assume the people who voted Keep the last time have seen the light. Trouble is that that comparison debate is at least borderline sourceable, though nobody really cares enough to do it. This one definitely isn't, though. JRM · Talk 03:01, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * High hopes, I suppose. --Apostrophe 03:07, 26 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete- Original Research, and bad research at that Sean 02:44, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Amren (talk)  02:49, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete original research EdwinHJ | Talk 03:04, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 *  Exterminate Delete. Star Dreck. --WCFrancis 03:23, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Jaxl | talk 03:45, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Original research, plus the two series are so far removed comparing them is pointless. 23skidoo 05:01, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete; Non-encyclopedic | Celcius 05:06, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete as per khaosworks --TimPope 06:23, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, these are the kind of similarities you get from comparing any two science-fiction shows. None of them interesting and most completely coincidental. Wikipedia articles are NOT lists or repositories of loosely associated topics. - Mgm|(talk) 09:28, August 26, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete as per Khaosworks original reasons -- HeyWayne ( Talk • Contributions ) 12:13, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete pointless page Stevelinton 14:17, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete or keep, as long as we also get a page detailing 50 reasons why Captain Kirk is better than Captain Picard.
 * Delete. "Both had writers, producers and directors." This stuff is ridiculous. Optichan 20:27, August 26, 2005 (UTC)
 * A reluctant delete. james gibbon  21:08, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, WP:NOR. -Sean Curtin 04:56, August 27, 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment, it might be quite interesting if it was written properly. Doesn't deserve a Wikipedia article, how about as a Projecct StarTrek, Project Doctor Who or User Subpage? --βjweþþ (talk) 12:09, 27 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. *drew 22:50, 27 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Non-encyclopaedic Drdisque 08:58, 28 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Tenuous and subjective comparison, with little validity here Barneyboo 17:26, 28 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Seems fairly conclusive, but I'll chime in anyway... --Brian Olsen 03:59, August 29, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Ditto -- Bondegezou 12:05, 31 August 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Talk:Hamilton Bulldogs (1996-2002)

Logo
Was the logo any different for the first incarnation of the Bulldogs? I know the 2nd team adopted Montreal Canadiens jersey blanks, but did the logo change at all?

title: Talk:Hamilton Bulldogs (1996-2002)


text:
Robert E. Lavender

Robert Eugene Lavender (July 19, 1926 – March 23, 2020) was an American judge who served as Justice of the Oklahoma Supreme Court, serving from 1965 until 2007. He served as the Court's Chief Justice from 1979 to 1981. Lavender died on March 23, 2020, at the age of 93.

Early life and education
Robert E. Lavender was born in Muskogee, Oklahoma, and grew up first in Tulsa and then on a farm in Catoosa, outside of Tulsa, where he graduated from high school in 1944. Immediately enlisting in the United States Navy, he spent the final year of World War II, on reserve duty in the South Pacific. In 1953, he earned a Bachelor of Laws from the University of Tulsa College of Law.

Career in law
While earning his law degree, Lavender worked as an assistant court clerk in the Tulsa County District and Common Pleas courts. Following graduation from law school, he became Assistant City Attorney in Tulsa, before joining a private practice in Claremore, Oklahoma.

Lavender was still in private practice when Governor Henry Bellmon appointed him to fill a vacancy on the Oklahoma Supreme Court on June 24, 1965, representing the 1st District. The vacancy was caused by the impeachment of Justice Napoleon B. Johnson. The next year, he was elected to hold that same seat for a full six-year term, ending in 1972, and he was subsequently retained in 1972, 1978, 1984, 1990, 1996, and 2002. While on the Supreme Court, Lavender authored an opinion abrogating state sovereign immunity (Vanderpool v. State, 1983).

He retired from the Oklahoma Supreme Court, effective August 1, 2007. A retirement ceremony was held in his office on July 23, 2007, where his family, friends, and present and former Supreme Court colleagues honored him for his 42 years of service on the court, longer than any other justice in the history of the Oklahoma Supreme Court. Then-Governor Brad Henry read a quote that Lavender had made when he first took office. "My sole ambition as a member of this court is to study the cases, work hard, and so conduct my personal life as to inspire confidence and earn the trust of the people in this court as an institution. It is my opinion that a strong and independent judiciary composed of men of unimpeachable integrity is an absolute essential to the continuation of our society.”

Governor Henry subsequently appointed John F. Reif to succeed Justice Lavender.

Personal life
Lavender married Maxine Knight on December 22, 1945. The couple had met while both were attending Catoosa High School. Lavender's wife worked as a child development specialist and as a consultant for blind and visually-impaired students in nearby school districts. They were married until her death on March 5, 2010.

title: Robert E. Lavender


text:
User talk:PeterCskem

Logged in to ensure that the debate over the role of science in education, with the specific hotspot of the Flying Spaghetti Monster is well aired. This is a critical debate on the future of American education and has attracted world wide interest, and fear. Current US policy is moving towards the position of pushing science to find data to support fundamentalist religious concepts, whilst at the same time taking strong action against fundamentalists of other faiths or social systems. The mechanisms are hidden in the US, for example by the allocation of academic funding, and the education of children.

I, like most, do not in any way support the violence and terrorism promoted by fundamentalists of some groups. I am actively engaged in steps to reduce this problem as I can, lobbying is available as a member of a free nation (though might not be from the way Bush is going). However, the steps being taken by GW Bush's administration in the scientific arena could be described as intellectual terrorism. It is important for the welfare of our civilisation that the peer review scientific process is allowed to continue with it's independence from academic editors based in well credited independent academic institutions. This debate is a cause of concern around the world, as evidenced by the strong response to Bobby Kennedy's considered, but very humorous treatise on the Flying Spaghetti Monster []. I am concerned that the nature of the proposed shift in US education is seriously dangerous, by gradually promoting a level of intolerance, and therefore isolationism, that has led young people in many parts of the world to take their lives, and those of many others, because they are so bound up in their beliefs that they are unable to see that other faiths or political systems can be valid for other groups of people. A serious consequence of the intellectual arrogance is the isolation of the Bush administration on the issue of global warming. This is not an issue that just affects a few people in the future, or some leftist propaganda, but a widely accepted shift in our global climate, especially with the recent reinterpretation of conflicting weather balloon data (to take into account the sun's warming of thermometers) that the anti global warming lobby were so reliant on, climate change has very very serious consequences. It is possible that the deaths and damage from more US hurricanes, the heat-waves with resultant fires, and flooding are the consequence of the unwillingness in the Bush administration to address this issue, despite growing evidence. OK it is not a problem that can be solved with a quick fix, but needs sustained change, however steps taken now can have a small effect that could reduce the headlong rush, the change must be starting soon before there is a major global tipping point such as the Gulf Stream switching off. The US is by far the largest contributor to global warming. If the US does not act, then there is little chance of persuading the emerging economies to grow responsibly, accelerating this change.

This debate is well served by the flying Spaghetti Monster because the humour allows this issues to be aired very widely, even within otherwise serious contexts. A simple illustration being the correlation between pirate populations and global warming. This link allows a humorous way of linking to the fundamental and very serious debate over scientific understanding and independence. For the considered fluid evidence based nature of our knowledge (Wikepedia is an example of the fluidity of knowledge!) base to be challenged by a literal understanding of the current translation of an ancient text that has been through at least 4 culture shifts is frightening. These text's would not have survived without there being some truth within them, however, the restructuring by the churches, the Bible for example: removing reincarnation around AD 553, the glaring differences between modern bibles and the St James Authorised version, etc., leaves these texts with serious flaws. How are academics in 2000 years going to consider the instruction to 'pull your socks up', even if the phrase survives the translation and culture shifts, are we to be saddled with the misconception such as the one shoe order so entertainingly illustrated in Monty Python's Life of Brian?

These shifts of concern are subtle, but can have serious long term consequences. Take for example the growth of the Fathers movements. Children deprived of contact with an absent parent in defiance of court orders are taught that the courts, and therefore the legal system, can be safely ignored, because the children see that the intransigent mother is able to ignore the courts with impunity. I am certain that this education is a major contributor to the rise in violent crime in the UK in the 18-25 year old age group, against a backdrop of generally falling crime. The political framework would prohibit such unPC research though, especially in America, in the UK it would not be possible because Court Privilege prevents the basic data required being collected. As these 'poorly parented' children mature, they are most likely to be significant players in the areas of social disruption, from crime to the gradual shift away from a coherent society.

The Flying Spaghetti Monster is a brilliant, and very humorous vehicle for the debate about intellectual fundamentalism to be aired. By linking from as many faintly relevant areas of Wikepedia to FSM, displaying the humour, will be a source of fun for many, I understand that sharing humour is an important part of bonding (cannot recall the references though), and an effective way of airing a very important issue as widely as possible.

The international nature and currency of this debate needs FSM to be well linked to all over Wikepedia, without loss of the humour.

29th August 2005 BBC news shows a major problem with the current US "christian" stance (mind you the Knights who went to the far east desimating the local inhabitants of other religions were "christians"). BBC mews quote (http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/4194146.stm): "But Uganda's anti-Aids campaign has recently been criticised, with some saying that under pressure from the US, it is concentrating on abstinence, rather than all three parts of its Abstinence, Be faithful and Condoms (ABC) strategy."

Previously by focusing on all 3 aspects: "Uganda is often held up as a model of how to fight HIV/Aids, with infection rates falling from 15 to 5%."

Kansas (and many other states) education could have a lot to answer!

title: User talk:PeterCskem


text:
Talk:Commonplace book

blogs as commonplace books
I've removed this analogy. Technically on Original Reseach grounds. But more so because this idea needs further exploration to be valid. Blogs are a lot more than commonplace books, it doesnt make sense other than superficially. Its ok to draw comparisons when describing somthing for the sake of making it more clear to the reader rhetorically, but to draw a comparison and say blogs are a modern commonplace book is original research that needs supporting arguments. Stbalbach 02:34, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * The user replacing it specifies "external links" as his reference but I just see one guy's blog. Ashi b aka tock 21:52, 13 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Well, I was the one who initially removed it, then changed my mind and restored it. There is no doubt that there are people drawing an analogy between blogs and CPB's, it's a very common analogy currently in use "out there" - in the end, we report what people do, and people are using this analogy. Right or wrong is not the issue, we can at least report on its usage. If the article had some opinion about this analogy, then we would need a scholarly source.--Stbalbach 22:21, 13 August 2006 (UTC)

Given the intervening time period, it's now much easier to make the case for blogs and personal websites being used as digital commonplaces. A number of examples in the wild have been enumerated at https://indieweb.org/commonplace_book. --Snark35 (talk) 05:54, 16 June 2021 (UTC)

Pronoun
Any particular reason for the list of pronouns? Why specify a short list of who used comonplace books when it could just state "literate people"?

It seems especially ridiculous to state "humanists" when presumably all "-ists" would have used them.

 * Probably because those are the types of commonplace books that are extant. Stbalbach 16:56, 2 November 2005 (UTC)

 * I also found use of the word "humanists" confusing. The types of people listed preceding "humanists" are defined by what they *do* (i.e. study, teach, do medical research) which makes sense in the context of talking about the commonplace book as one of their tools.  "Humanists" defines people of a certain ethical ideology--what does that have to do with the function of a commonplace book?  Is the use of a commonplace book particularly defined by one's world perspective?  To me this would be akin to writing "many blogs are maintained by writers, professors, lawyers, editorialists, and Republicans/Democrats" in an article about blogs.  True though it may be, it confuses the reader into thinking that the subject being written about is somehow ideologically specific when it is not. - BHunt 1/20/06

 * The intended sense of the word humanist is likely the first one - "a scholar or academic in the Humanities", which accords with the other items in the list. Zipzipzip (talk) —Preceding comment was added at 03:03, 28 April 2008 (UTC)

 * For an explanation, see Renaissance_humanism. There are quite a few different uses of Humanist: see Humanism_(disambiguation). But I see the term "humanist" is not used. I will link "rennaissance scholars" to that first page. Rick Jelliffe (talk) 05:51, 10 June 2023 (UTC)

Commonplace
Commonplace was an emo-rock band from Benbrook, TX that existed from 1998-2003 The members consisted of Ben Maikell (guitar), Bill Holcomb (bass), Brandon Beauchamp (vocals/drums), Courtney Key (guitar), Cameron Hall (drums) Commonplace site

—The preceding unsigned comment was added by 144.9.8.21 (talk) 16:22, 13 February 2007 (UTC).

Classical tradition
I removed the "globalise" tags because i) the classical tradition is indeed mentioned in the article, and ii) that tradition is somewhat different from the specific early-modern/modern tradition described here. The latter, it seems to me and this article would indicate, stands alone as a distinct entity. — scribbling  woman  15:33, 5 June 2008 (UTC)

Sherlock Holmes
I believe, as an example, that Conan Doyle's detective made use of commonplace books frequently in his stories. Anyone want to add this? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 12.226.38.211 (talk) 14:50, 2 September 2008 (UTC)

A thing of the past?
In the main text it says "Commonplace books (or commonplaces) were a way to compile knowledge". But from what I get "Commonplace book techniques" are still used today by authors or everyday people to organize content and help them to digest reading. Any opinion?Knippfisch (talk) 13:10, 25 September 2015 (UTC)

Merge with Notebook ?
Can someone explain to me why this article is not part of Notebook ? What is the major difference between Notebook and Commonplace book ? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 67.70.27.112 (talk) 18:14, 4 November 2016 (UTC)

 * They are very different subjects and should not be merged. Notebook refers to a physical medium. Commonplace book refers to a way of compiling information (similar to the meaning of anthology, collage, personal knowledge base, etc.). Biogeographist (talk) 20:16, 4 November 2016 (UTC)

 * As far I can see, there are three aspects to ideal renaissance/reformation commonplace books: first, a topic structure (lots of different methods, including Malecthon's, but the structure was allowed to emerge organically as new topics were added if the existing ones were not applicable); second, the contents or examples themselves; third, the moralistic or other lessons that you would draw from the example (e.g., some judgement on why the example is interesting or useful). If there is no topic structure (tituli and topica) or moral lesson/trope (sententiae), you just have a scrapbook or notebook  (exempla) rather than any loci communes, indeed. Another aspect is that it was a tool for active reading: you made it your habit to commonplace any excellent passages as you read. Rick Jelliffe (talk) 12:28, 10 June 2023 (UTC)

I disagree profoundly. See Ann Moss Printed Commonplace Books and the Structuring of Renaissance Thought. I understand this article requires a complete rewrite and rethink of its relationships to all knowledge gathering and dissemination - including that of wiki.

I understand there has been a fundamental misunderstanding of what commonplace books are about. Moss writes discussing Thomas of Ireland 1306 "Working the system in this way, the reader is constantly engaged in a process of lateral thinking which extends his conceptual horizons and his ability to juxtapose words and ideas".

Seneca "We should imitate bees and we should keep in separate compartments whatever we have collected from our diverse reading, for things conserved separately keep better. Then, diligently applying all the resources of our native talent, we should mingle all the various nectars we have tasted, and turn them into a single sweet substance, in such a way that, even if it is apparent where it originated, it appears quite different from what it was in its original state.

Note bppks, commonplaces, dictionaries encyclopaedias are a continuum of knowledge gathering, collating, retrieval, reassembly creation and dissemmination tools and as such should be seen as constituen parts of evolving wholes — Preceding unsigned comment added by 92.232.139.166 (talk) 20:17, 7 September 2018 (UTC)

 * I doubt that this article "requires a complete rewrite and rethink" as the IP editor claimed above. And it is very obvious that a commonplace book, defined in the article as "a way to compile knowledge", is related to other ways of compiling knowledge (simply by being included in the set of "ways to compile knowledge"). Biogeographist (talk) 21:32, 7 September 2018 (UTC)

Commonplaces are the medieval wikipedia!
And arguably are far superior knowledge/information gathering dissemination and creation tools! — Preceding unsigned comment added by 92.232.139.166 (talk) 20:47, 7 September 2018 (UTC)

 * In my view, commonplace books were/are more like a personal wiki than they were/are like Wikipedia. Commonplace book, Personal knowledge base, and Personal wiki are already reciprocally linked, so the observation above does not add anything to what is already in the article. Biogeographist (talk) 21:32, 7 September 2018 (UTC)

title: Talk:Commonplace book


text:
User:Nastajus

I, Ian Nastajus, love Wikipedia. It's revolutionized the 21st century, and praises well written prose. It is an extremely professionally designed interface, and I'm eager to support it in its endeavors. The proof is with the high rankings in Google. I'm spending every night reading something in it. I've written itty bitty macro that makes a popup box appear so I can type a search word in it and loads that page. I am one with Wikipedia.

I donated $20 CAD through PayPal on fund drive day 6 on August 24, 2005, and again I donated another $20 on fund drive day 11 September 3, 2005. Considering it was my first donation ever, I am quite pleased with the gesture, despite the nominal amount.

I found this article very helpful: Please do not bite the newcomers.

Contributions
Is a contributing member to the Dragon Naturally Speaking community.

title: User:Nastajus


text:
File:Qfganth.jpg

This cover is used to show the cover of a game and cannot be replaced by a free image. It is the cover of the packaged version. Its usage is necessary in the explanation of the history of the game.
 * 1) No free or public domain images have been located for this box art
 * 2) The image is of lower resolution than the original cover.
 * 3) The image does not limit the copyright owners' rights to distribute the game in any way.

title: File:Qfganth.jpg


text:
Kirana gharana

Kirana gharana is one of the Indian classical khyal gharanas, and is concerned foremost with intonation of notes (swara).

Singing style
The central concern of the Kirana style is swara, or individual notes, in particular precise tuning and expression of notes. In the Kirana Gayaki (singing style), the individual notes (swaras) of the raga are not just random points in the scale, but independent realms of music capable of horizontal expansion. Emotional pukars in the higher octaves form a part of the musical experience. Another unique feature of this gharana is the intricate and ornate use of the sargam taan (weaving patterns with the notations themselves) introduced by Abdul Karim Khan under influence from the Carnatic classical style.

In the late nineteenth century Abdul Karim Khan and Abdul Wahid Khan revolutionized the khayal gayaki by introducing the vilambit (a slow tempo section) to delineate the structure of the raga note by note.

Frequently performed ragas by musicians of the gharana include Todi, Lalit, Multani, Patdeep, Puriya, Marwa, Shuddha Kalyan, Darbari Kanhara, and Komal-Rishabh Asavari. Marathi thespian Pula Deshpande has pointed out that performers from the Kirana gharana are particularly fond of the Komal Re/Rishabh (or minor second in the western system) note of the classical music scale, a frequent feature of these commonly performed ragas.

History
In the 19th century the Kirana gharana coalesced around Miyan Bande Ali Khan, a player of the rudra veena. The gharana's style was further developed, and established as one of the prominent styles in modern Indian classical music in the late 19th / early 20th centuries by the musicians Abdul Karim Khan and Abdul Wahid Khan. Abdul Karim Khan was an extremely popular musician, and was thus highly influential in popularizing the gharana. Some trace the gharana's roots back farther to the 13th-century musician Gopal Nayak, a Hindu musician (of the dhrupad style) who later converted to Islamic Sufism and in the process assimilated the predominantly Muslim khyal musical style.

The name of this school of music derives from Kirana or Kairana, a town and tehsil of Shamli District in Uttar Pradesh. It is the birthplace of Abdul Karim Khan (1872–1937), who was one of the most important musicians of this gharana and of Hindustani music in general in the twentieth century. A frequent visitor to the Court of Mysore, Abdul Karim Khan was also influenced by Carnatic music, and roots of the tradition can also be traced back to his great-grandfather Ghulam Ali and Ghulam Maula, the brother of Ghulam Ali.

Owing to the popularity of Abdul Karim Khan, most contemporary Hindustani musicians from Karnataka are exponents of Kirana gharana, and Kirana gharana in turn has absorbed many of the features of the Carnatic tradition. The border region between Karnataka and Maharashtra is particularly associated with the gharana.

The other primary master of the gharana, in the early 20th century, was Abdul Karim Khan's cousin Abdul Wahid Khan who chose to settle at Lahore, Pakistan after the 1947 Partition of British India.

Ancestral pedagogy of Kirana Gharana
This tree details the hereditary lineage of the Kirana Gharana based on several documented accounts.

19th century

 * Sadiq Ali Khan, son and disciple of Ghulam Taki Khan. Associated with Qawwal Bacchon Gharana.
 * Bande Ali Khan (1826-1890), son and disciple of Sadiq Ali Khan. Married daughter of Haddu Khan of Gwalior Gharana.

20th century

 * Abdul Karim Khan  (1872–1937), gharana founder
 * Abdul Wahid Khan  (1885–1949), cousin of Abdul Karim Khan and gharana co-founder
 * Ashique Ali Khan (1948–1999)
 * "Proudh Gandharva" Pandit Vishwanathbuwa Jadhav (1885−1964), direct disciple of Abdul Karim Khan.
 * Sawai Gandharva (1886–1952), disciple of Abdul Karim Khan.
 * Sureshbabu Mane (1902–1953), son and disciple of Abdul Karim Khan, also learned from Abdul Wahid Khan.
 * Hirabai Barodekar (1905–1989), daughter of Abdul Karim Khan, also learned from Abdul Wahid Khan.
 * Saraswati Rane (1913-2006), sibling and disciple of Sureshbabu Mane and Hirabai Badodekar.
 * Gangubai Hangal (1913-2009), disciple of Sawai Gandharva.
 * Pandit Baburao Vishwanathbuwa Jadhav (1915-1976) son and direct disciple of Pandit Vishwanathbuwa jadhav and also a direct disciple of Ustad Abdul karim khan.
 * Roshan Ara Begum (1917-1982), was also a disciple and relative of Abdul Karim Khan
 * Firoz Dastur (1919-2008), disciple of Sawai Gandharva
 * Pandit Rajaram Vishwanathbuwa Jadhav (1921-1976) son and direct disciple of Pandit Vishwanathbuwa jadhav and also a direct disciple of Ustad Abdul karim khan.
 * Pandit Vishwanath, (1957 - present), disciple of Pt. Mani prasad ji & Brother of Pt. Jagannath ji, Shehnai Vadak from Meerut Shehnai Gharana
 * Bhimsen Joshi (1922-2011), disciple of Sawai Gandharva
 * Smt. Shakuntalaraje Rajaram Jadhav (1923-2004) wife and disciple of Pandit Rajaram Vishwanathbuwa Jadhav and also a direct disciple of har father- in-law "Proudh Gandharva" Pandit Vishwanathbuwa Jadhav
 * Tej Bahadur Sahney (1936-2012) disciple of B N Dutta Lahorwale
 * Basavaraj Rajguru (1917-1991), disciple of Panchakshara Gawai, Sureshbabu Mane and Abdul Wahid Khan
 * Madhava Gudi (1941-2011), disciple of Bhimsen Joshi
 * Mashkoor Ali Khan  (1957–Present), disciple of Shakoor Khan
 * Nagaraj Rao Havaldar, disciple of Madhava Gudi
 * Jayateerth Mevundi, disciple of Sripathi Padigar
 * Manik Varma (1920-1996), disciple of Sureshbabu Mane and Hirabai Barodekar, also learned in other gharanas
 * Milind Chittal, disciple of Firoz Dastur
 * Prabha Atre (13 September 1932 - 13 January 2024), disciple of Sureshbabu Mane and Hirabai Barodekar
 * Sanhita Nandi, disciple of Mashkoor Ali Khan
 * Sandip Bhattacharjee, disciple of Mashkoor Ali Khan and Mubarak Ali Khan
 * Sumitra Guha, disciple of A. Kanan
 * Balachandra Prabhu, disciple of Sripathi Padigar and Jayateerth Mevundi
 * Girish Sanzgiri
 * Mohammadd Danish
 * Mani Prasad (1929 - 2023)
 * Rafiq Ahmed Khan (Sarangi)
 * Nagnath Wodeyar (b. 1944)
 * Pandit Pran Nath (1918 - 1996)
 * Kaivalya Kumar Gurav
 * Chhannulal Mishra (b. 1936)
 * Pandit Harish Tiwari
 * Pandit Arun Bahaduri (1943 - 2018), disciple of Pandit A. Kanan and Abu Daud khan
 * Shirin Sengupta Nath, disciple of Pandit A.Kanan and Pandit Arun Bhaduri
 * Pandit Balkrishnabuwa Kapileshwari (1896-1982), senior disciple of Ustad Abdul Karim Khan
 * Pandit Chandrakant Kapileshwari (1935–2024), disciple of Pandit BalKrishnabuwa Kapileshwari
 * Shree Rani Madalsa (1957–Present), Canadian disciple of Pandit Chandrakant Kapileshwari
 * Pandit Krishnanand (1920-2003), disciple of Pandit Bheema Rao. Ref:"The Hindu, May 30th 2003"- http://www.carnaticcorner.com/articles/krishnanand.htm. Taught Hindustani to many carnatic musicians including Shri. M.S.Gopalakrishnan. Pandit Krishnanand was also a hindustani music teacher at Kalpakkam.
 * Niaz Ahmed (1946 - 2019), Pakistani musician

title: Kirana gharana


text:
James Robinson Graves

James Robinson Graves (April 10, 1820 – June 26, 1893) was an American Baptist preacher, publisher, evangelist, debater, author, and editor. He is most noted as the original founder of what is now the Southwestern family of companies. Graves was born in Chester, Vermont, the son of Z. C. Graves, and died in Memphis, Tennessee. His remains are interred in Elmwood Cemetery in Memphis.

Work

In 1855, Graves established Southwestern Publishing House in Nashville, Tennessee. The company's name was chosen because, at that time, Nashville was in the southwestern part of the United States. Southwestern originally published The Tennessee Baptist, a Southern Baptist newspaper, and religious booklets which were sold by mail for 20¢ and 30¢ each.

Prior to the Civil War, most Bibles were printed in the North, rather than the Confederacy. Graves acquired stereotype plates from the North and began printing Bibles for sale in August 1861. He also produced and sold educational books. After the 1862 fall of Fort Donelson resulted in a Union victory, Graves relocated to Panola County, Mississippi, as he felt vulnerable because of articles he had published against the North. The company resumed publishing in 1867.

In 1868, Graves discontinued the company’s mail-order business, and began training young men as independent dealers to sell Bibles and educational books door-to-door as a way to earn money for college. Graves retired in 1871.

Though raised in a Congregationalist family, Graves joined a Baptist church at age 15. Contemporary fellow ministers in the Southern Baptist Convention praised his preaching abilities. Thomas Treadwell Eaton wrote, "We have seen him hold a congregation packed uncomfortably, for three hours and a half without any sign of weariness on their part. This was not done once or twice, but scores of times." Denominational leader James Bruton Gambrell described one of Graves' sermons at a small church in Mississippi as "The Greatest Sermon I Ever Heard." Scholars have recognized Graves as an early and chief promulgator of the Landmark movement. The subject's Nashville publishing house, Graves, Marks, & Co, which later became South-Western Publishing, published all of fellow 'Landmarker' Amos Cooper Dayton's books. Both were expelled as 'schismatics' between 1858 and 1859 from the Nashville First Baptist Church due to their theological perspectives on their apostolic connection.

Personal life
In the 1830s, J. R. Graves’s older brother, Zuinglius Calvin Graves (1816–1902), moved to Ashtabula, Ohio to teach school. Soon mother Lois, sister Louisa and J. R. had relocated there as well. All three Graves children married while there. In 1845, J. R. Graves married Lucinda Ellen “Lua” Spencer, daughter of Dr. and Mrs. Daniel Spencer. They relocated to Nashville, Tennessee and had four children – none of whom lived to adulthood. Graves married a second time in 1856, to Louisa Jane Snider, daughter of Dr. and Mrs. George Snider of Jackson, Tennessee. They had five children. Louisa Jane Graves and Graves’s mother Lois died in 1867 during a yellow fever epidemic in Memphis, Tennessee (where they had relocated circa 1866). In 1869, Graves married Georgianna Snider, Louisa’s sister. They had three children. Georgianna died in 1932. Most of the family members are buried in Elmwood Cemetery at Memphis, Tennessee and the Nashville City Cemetery in Nashville, Tennessee.

Resources

 * Burnett, J .J., Sketches of Tennessee's Pioneer Baptist Preachers
 * George, Timothy, Baptist theologians
 * Hailey, O. L., J. R. Graves, life, times and teachings
 * Patterson, James A. 2012. James Robinson Graves: Staking the Boundaries of Baptist Identity. B & H Academic.

title: James Robinson Graves


text:
Suwa Yorishige

Suwa Yorishige (諏訪頼重) (1516–1544) was a Japanese samurai and head of the Suwa clan. He was defeated by Takeda Shingen, and his daughter Suwa Goryōnin (諏訪御料人, real name unknown) was taken as Shingen's concubine. She later gave birth to the Takeda clan heir Takeda Katsuyori.

Suwa Yorishige fought Takeda Nobutora in the 1531 Battle of Shiokawa no gawara. Suwa Yorishige was then defeated by Takeda Shingen in the 1542 Battle of Sezawa and the Siege of Uehara. Following the Siege of Kuwabara, he committed suicide.

title: Suwa Yorishige


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Paul Dammsworth

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was DELETE. Paul August ☎ 02:54, September 3, 2005 (UTC)

Paul Dammsworth
Non-notable and/or unverifiable--zero hits. Contributed by an anon that keeps vandalizing Saturday Night Live. Niteowlneils 02:37, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, no one by that name writes for the Toronto Sun. Adam Bishop 04:59, 26 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete; nn | Celcius 05:07, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Note that Adam has himself worked for the Toronto Sun, so if he says nobody of that name works there, then this is speedyable as patent nonsense. Bearcat 16:54, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Patent nonsense. *drew 22:52, 27 August 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
File:Silent02.jpg

Summary
Artwork by Larry Hama and Steve Leialoha

title: File:Silent02.jpg


text:
Half-pass

The half-pass is a lateral movement seen in dressage, in which the horse moves forward and sideways at the same time. Unlike the easier leg-yield, the horse is bent in the direction of travel, slightly around the rider's inside leg. The outside hind and forelegs should cross over the inside legs, with the horse's body parallel to the arena wall and his forehand leading. The horse should remain forward, balanced, and bent, moving with cadence. The inside hind leg remains engaged throughout the half-pass, and the horse should not lose its rhythm.

The half-pass is a variation of haunches-in (travers), executed on a diagonal line instead of along the wall. At higher levels it is used to perform a counter-change of hand, combining more than two half-passes with changes of direction in a zig-zag pattern.

Vs. the leg-yield
The half-pass requires more balance, engagement, and collection from a horse than the leg-yield. This is because the horse is slightly bent in the direction of movement in the half-pass. In the leg-yield, the horse is fairly straight or looking slightly away from the direction of travel.

Purpose
The half-pass is a schooling movement that requires the horse to engage the hindquarters and increase its impulsion, it can therefore be used to improve both collection or impulsion. The half-pass is commonly seen in dressage tests beginning at the United States Dressage Federation third level.

Performing the maneuver
The half-pass is usually taught after the haunches-in is well confirmed. It may first be introduced by riding a half-10-meter circle from the long side to the centerline, or a half-volte, and then half-passing in. The circle naturally places the horse's body in the correct bend, and helps to encourage the engagement needed for the movement. The outside hind leg must step well under the horse's body to push the animal forward and sideways. A rider uses an active outside leg slightly behind the neutral position to ask the horse to step forward and under. The outside rein maintains the correct bend and contains the energy of the horse, the inside leg keeps the horse moving forward, and the inside rein guides the forehand in the direction of movement. The rider also uses his or her inside seat bone to help maintain bend. If the rider is off-center or twisted, the horse will also be crooked or off-balance.

If the horse loses quality in the movement, such as lack of correct bend (haunches leading or inside shoulder falling inward), loss of rhythm, or stiffness, the rider straightens the horse and rides forward.

The beginning and the end of the movement needs special attention concerning control and balance.

title: Half-pass


text:
Talk:Lawrence Wilder

Created as part of the WikiProject Missing articles/Encarta_Encyclopedia_topics Paul 02:37, 26 August 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Lawrence Wilder


text:
Talk:Wilder, L.

Created as part of the WikiProject Missing articles/Encarta_Encyclopedia_topics Paul 02:38, 26 August 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Wilder, L.


text:
Talk:Wilder, Lawrence

Created as part of the WikiProject Missing articles/Encarta_Encyclopedia_topics Paul 02:38, 26 August 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Wilder, Lawrence


text:
Rhasaan Orange

Rhasaan Orange (born August 25, 1975) is an American comedian and actor. Orange is, perhaps, best known for his creation and portrayal of the fictional Brazilian Renato Laranja. The Laranja persona is an arrogant Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu champion with a thick accent, and the character is somewhat of an alter ego; 'Laranja' is Portuguese for 'Orange'. Although Orange never grappled professionally, he earned a black belt rank in 10th Planet Jiu-Jitsu studying under Eddie Bravo. In 2018, he started hosting his own podcast called "The Vale Tudo Hour".

title: Rhasaan Orange


text:
Bellingham International Airport

Bellingham International Airport is three miles (5 km) northwest of Bellingham, in Whatcom County, Washington, United States. BLI covers 2,190 acres (886 ha) of land, and is the third-largest commercial airport in Washington.

Bellingham is a low-fare alternative to Vancouver International Airport, and an estimated 65% of customers come from Canada. It is only 54 mi from downtown Vancouver, and only 23 mi from the Peace Arch Border Crossing, where Greater Vancouver starts.

History
The Works Progress Administration (WPA) began studying a potential airport for Whatcom County in late 1935 as part of a program to build airports in large Washington cities. A plan to build an airport west of Bellingham was endorsed by the Washington's state WPA office by the end of the year and the head office the following July. On October 20, 1936, Whatcom County purchased 200 acre from Charles F. Larrabee to build an airport using WPA funds.

Construction of the airport began on October 22 under the supervision of the WPA. Three runways were planned, but only the first was built initially; it was 3600 ft long by 150 ft wide, and it was completed and dedicated on June 1, 1940. Temporary Port of Entry status was secured early, but the slow construction left it in a continually tenuous state – United Airlines would only base there if the field were safe enough for their DC-3s, and it maintained its Port of Entry status.

In 1940, the United States Army Corps of Engineers took over the project and expanded the airport to three full runways, revetments for parking aircraft, and development of personnel quarters on 350 acre. The airport opened to the public on December 7, 1941, having employed hundreds of people during its construction. The initial runway, oriented in a northwest-to-southeast direction, was now 5000 ft long. The two new runways were another 5000 ft runway oriented northwest-to-southeast, and a north–south runway that had an initial length of 4400 ft but would be extended another 600 ft to cross Bakerview Road. Following the Attack on Pearl Harbor the same day, Whatcom County offered the use of the airport to the U.S. military, who seized it on December 10. During World War II the airport was used by Fourth Air Force for air defense of the Pacific Coast. It was later used by Air Transport Command and Air Technical Service Command as an intermediate ferrying field for Lend-Lease aircraft being flown to Alaska for subsequent transfer to the Soviet Union.

The United States Army Air Forces closed the facility in September 1946, and it was turned over to the War Assets Administration for disposal. A terminal, designed by F. Stanley Piper, was built by United Airlines in anticipation of civilian use. The airport was slowly returned to Whatcom County and redeveloped as a civil airport in the late 1940s. With the rising costs and need for repairs, Whatcom county sold the Airport to the Port of Bellingham for one dollar in 1957. Because of costs, the Port of Bellingham could only resurface the longest of the runways (16/34). Runway 16/34 is still the only runway used as it provides adequate year-round wind coverage for aircraft servicing Bellingham. The airport closed runway 12/30 in 1986, and runway 2/20 was shut down in 1997. The two diagonal runways have fallen into disrepair, their easternmost ends used as taxiways between tarmacs and the sole remaining runway.

Airline service from Bellingham had a modest beginning. During the late 1970s and early 1980s, Harbor Airlines, a commuter air carrier based in Washington, operated nonstop shuttle service to Seattle–Tacoma International Airport with small Britten-Norman Islander twin prop aircraft. By the mid-1980s, Harbor Air had been replaced by San Juan Airlines, a commuter air carrier based in Bellingham which operated shuttle flights to Seattle/Tacoma with Embraer EMB-110 Bandeirante turboprops and Cessna 402 prop aircraft. San Juan Airlines continues to serve the airport at the present time.

In 1985, Pacific Southwest Airlines (PSA) initiated Bellingham's first passenger jet service with McDonnell Douglas MD-80s direct to Los Angeles, San Diego and San Francisco with all PSA flights including a stop at Seattle/Tacoma. PSA was acquired by USAir which continued to serve Bellingham with Boeing 737-300s. Alaska Airlines introduced MD-80 jets in the late 1980s, competing with USAir with both airlines operating nonstop jet service to Seattle/Tacoma and direct one stop service to other destinations. USAir then changed its name to US Airways and eventually merged with American Airlines in 2015; however, by the early 1990s, USAir had ceased serving Bellingham. During the late 1980s, Alaska Airlines was joined by Horizon Air, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Alaska Air Group, with this regional airline flying nonstop service with turboprops to Seattle/Tacoma. Aircraft operated by Horizon Air into the airport over the years included such propjets as the Fairchild Swearingen Metroliner, the de Havilland Canada DHC-8 Dash 8 and the Dornier 328. Horizon Air, which currently operates flights for Alaska Airlines, continues to serve Bellingham at the present time with nonstop service to Seattle/Tacoma flown with the Embraer E175. Commencing in the late 1980s, United Express was serving the airport with nonstop flights to Seattle–Tacoma International Airport on behalf of United Airlines via code sharing agreements with the respective operating air carriers. North Pacific Airlines operated the first United Express flights into Bellingham with British Aerospace BAe Jetstream 31 propjets and were followed by SkyWest Airlines flying as United Express with Embraer EMB-120 Brasilia turboprops. United Express no longer serves Bellingham.

In the 1990s homes were purchased to extend the runway in an effort to attract air carriers. The assumption was that there would not be a third runway at Sea-Tac airport. The airport has seen a high turnover rate.

In September 2010 the airport completed a $26 million resurfacing of the runway to allow aircraft up to the size of Boeing 757s. This project was completed to enable Allegiant Air to operate Boeing 757-200 service nonstop to Hawaii, although this service has since ended. The largest aircraft currently serving Bellingham as of July 2019 are Allegiant Air's Airbus A320 aircraft flying to several destinations on the West Coast.

Terminal
Terminal upgrades were completed in two phases in the 1980s. The first phase was completed in 1980. The second phase, or the expansion phase, was constructed because of increased passenger volumes and the arrival of new air carriers. In 1985, a separate International Terminal was built to the south in order to accommodate the Federal Inspection Services necessary for international travelers to access the United States; it was connected to the main terminal through a covered walkway. The main terminal was approximately 26,000 square feet and included three levels: the basement, the ground floor, and the second floor. The basement housed a small storage facility; the ground floor was where the entire passenger processing area was held; and the second floor contained office space. There was one concession stand: Halibut Henry's store, where light snacks, coffee drinks, gifts, and sundries were offered. The International Terminal was a one-level building consisting of 4,222 ft2. It served several functions, including the housing of the Federal Inspection Service, FIS offices, Allegiant Airline's mechanic offices, and Bellingham Aviation Service's ground support equipment maintenance.

The airport underwent another $38.5-million terminal expansion in the early 2010s. After the first phase was completed in June 2011, the number of gates increased from 2 to 5, and the overall gate boarding area increased to 20000 ft2. With the completion of the second phase in February 2014, the size of the terminal increased from 27000 to 104000 ft2. In addition, the size of the ticketing lobby area was tripled so that the former 2-station area could now support 20 ticketing stations, the baggage claim area was increased to 8400 ft2, and the 50 ft was replaced with a 450 ft baggage carousel for arriving passengers. The cost of the expansion to the terminal building was covered by surcharges from passengers and parking fees.

Commercial airline service expansion

The early 21st century saw rapid expansion at the Bellingham International Airport from several air carriers operating mainline jet aircraft with these airlines being motivated by the potential passenger loads from lower mainland British Columbia in Canada. Allegiant's commitment to the airport has led to a rapid rise in passenger numbers and the introduction of a number of nonstop destinations served from Bellingham. Other airlines initially recognized the potential of Bellingham International's location and further expanded service into the airport, but all commercial airlines except Alaska, Allegiant, and Southwest had departed as of 2023.

In early 2007 Bellingham International hosted nonstop service to three destinations by the short-lived Western Airlines which was operating Boeing 737-400 jets and was based in Bellingham. Western attempted to establish a small hub at the airport with nonstop service to Ontario, California (ONT), Phoenix, Arizona (via the Phoenix-Mesa Gateway Airport, AZA) and San Diego, California (SAN). Later the same year, Skybus Airlines operated nonstop flights to their Columbus, Ohio (CMH) hub with Airbus A319 jetliners but then shut down quickly like Western Airlines had done earlier. Between June 2006 and April 2008, Delta Air Lines also used to serve Bellingham with flights to Salt Lake City operated by their regional affiliate SkyWest Airlines.

On March 1, 2008, Allegiant Air opened up their sixth base at Bellingham International Airport. The airline currently bases a number of aircraft in Bellingham which serves as a "focus city" for the airline. In 2012 Allegiant announced service to two locations in the Hawaiian islands (Honolulu and Kahului) from Bellingham after receiving ETOPS certification from the FAA for their 757 aircraft. Alaska also entered the market with flights to Honolulu, Kahului and Kona. As of July 2019, both Allegiant and Alaska no longer serve Hawaii from Bellingham. Allegiant has also unsuccessfully tried serving other markets from Bellingham in recent years, such as Denver, Tucson, Reno, and Anchorage.

In September 2010 the airport completed a $26 million resurfacing of the runway to allow aircraft up to the size of Boeing 757s to utilize the airport. This project was completed in order to serve Allegiant 757 service to Honolulu and Maui which began operations in November 2012.

In response to the increased low-fare competition offered by Allegiant in their home state, Alaska Airlines expanded service from Bellingham International during the 2010s, adding service to Portland, Las Vegas, Honolulu, Kahului, and Kona, all of which are now discontinued. In early 2012, Frontier Airlines announced the addition of a daily seasonal summer service from Bellingham to its main hub in Denver beginning May 2012. Frontier flew Airbus A319 and Embraer ERJ-190 jets from Bellingham but subsequently ceased serving the airport.

On November 7, 2021, Southwest Airlines began service at Bellingham International Airport. Initial service includes twice daily flights to Oakland, CA (OAK) and once daily service to Las Vegas, NV (LAS).

The runway and taxiway resurfacing and improvement projects were funded with FAA Airport Improvement Program (AIP) grants covering 95% of project costs. In 2010 the FAA contribution towards airport projects was $27,267,000. The 5% local match came from BLI Passenger Facility Charge accounts. FAA AIP grants also have contributed to the acquisition of additional Airport Rescue Fire Fighting (ARFF) equipment, aircraft de-ice equipment and other surface projects. The BLI PFC fee per passenger is currently at the FAA mandated maximum of $4.50 per enplaned passenger. The terminal and ramp expansion projects are not AIP eligible as they are revenue generating facilities for the airport. The Port of Bellingham issued revenue bonds for $31,719,550 to pay for the terminal expansion. The debt service for the bonds also comes from BLI PFC accounts. In this way, the users of the airport facilities are the ones actually paying for the facility.

General aviation
Bellingham International Airport is also a busy general aviation (GA) facility, with numerous flights oriented towards sightseeing in the San Juan Islands, Victoria in British Columbia, or the Canadian Gulf Islands. The majority of GA operations are commercial in nature, including charters, flight training, transient flights, and private business operations, and the airport serves as a port of entry for international travelers. GA facilities occupy about 20 acres south of the passenger terminal, and include tie-down spaces, numerous hangars, and a dedicated GA terminal.

Military units
The Washington Air National Guard (WANG) once occupied a 7.5-acre site at Bellingham International Airport. The Washington Air National Guard is home of the 262nd Combat Communications Squadron. The 262nd's mission is to train and equip combat communications personnel, where they field, install, operate, and maintain Ground Mobile Force communications. In other words, the 262nd equips soldiers with their battlefield communication systems and trains them how to use and maintain the equipment. The WANG base consists of vehicle storage, a headquarters building, a maintenance building, and other miscellaneous storage buildings.

The WANG site has now been demolished for a hangar project by a local developer.

Passenger
San Juan Airlines merged with Northwest Sky Ferries in 2009. This merged airline offers scheduled and charter flights from Bellingham to the San Juan Islands in Washington, Seattle, Tacoma, Port Angeles, Olympia, and British Columbia. San Juan Airlines also serves Bellingham; offering scheduled and charter flights to the San Juan Islands and British Columbia. Northwest Sky Ferry and San Juan airlines offer prop aircraft service with Cessna 206, 207 and 182 airplanes.

On April 25, 2024 Southwest Airlines announced it will halt operations at Bellingham International Airport (Denver, Las Vegas, Oakland) after August 4, 2024.

title: Bellingham International Airport


text:
Talk:Harvey Washington Wiley

Untitled
Created as part of the WikiProject Missing articles/Encarta_Encyclopedia_topics Paul 02:39, 26 August 2005 (UTC)

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'Wiley enlisted in the Union Army as a corporal ...'
Like every other enlisted man, Wiley was probably a PRIVATE when first enlisted. He ENDED the War as a Corporal, having proven to be and intelligent and useful soldier. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2600:1700:81E1:810:FD6B:5A13:BC7E:A69C (talk) 04:13, 29 January 2020 (UTC)

 * I have made an edit based on your theory. Please be aware that you also may make such corrections, including rewriting MY edit.  Cheers!
 * Ragity (talk) 09:06, 29 January 2020 (UTC)

Dallas Morning News
article 14Jan1912

Ragity (talk) 11:08, 29 January 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Harvey Washington Wiley


text:
Talk:Wiley, Harvey Washington

Created as part of the WikiProject Missing articles/Encarta_Encyclopedia_topics Paul 02:40, 26 August 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Wiley, Harvey Washington


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Hannah Hubbard

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was DELETE. Paul August ☎ 02:52, September 3, 2005 (UTC)

Hannah Hubbard
Non-notable and/or unverifiable--zero hits for "Hannah Hubbard" miami or Kook Klutzes Klant-Do-Anything-Right and nothing relevant for "Hannah Hubbard" miami. Contributed by an anon that keeps vandalizing Saturday Night Live. Niteowlneils 02:40, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. I knew there was something flakey about this when I copyedited it. Cnwb 04:20, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete; nn | Celcius 05:06, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Not notable. --GraemeL (talk) 10:06, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete; This is completely non-notable. IINAG 14:20, 25 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. -- DS1953 14:58, August 26, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete quickly. Over 1000 matches for this name but none of them appear to refer to the person in this article.  Hall Monitor 18:05, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. non-notable. *drew 22:51, 27 August 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Thiru Nadana Ula

According to Ayyavazhi mythology the situation of the whole Universe changes as the Kaliyan was born, and Thiru Nadana Ula is the part which was told by Sivan in Akilam eight about the universal changes. It consist of 21 Vennpas.

title: Thiru Nadana Ula


text:
Sturge–Weber syndrome

Sturge–Weber syndrome, sometimes referred to as encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis, is a rare congenital neurological and skin disorder. It is one of the phakomatoses and is often associated with port-wine stains of the face, glaucoma, seizures, intellectual disability, and ipsilateral leptomeningeal angioma (cerebral malformations and tumors). Sturge–Weber syndrome can be classified into three different types. Type 1 includes facial and leptomeningeal angiomas as well as the possibility of glaucoma or choroidal lesions. Normally, only one side of the brain is affected. This type is the most common. Type 2 involvement includes a facial angioma (port wine stain) with a possibility of glaucoma developing. There is no evidence of brain involvement. Symptoms can show at any time beyond the initial diagnosis of the facial angioma. The symptoms can include glaucoma, cerebral blood flow abnormalities and headaches. More research is needed on this type of Sturge–Weber syndrome. Type 3 has leptomeningeal angioma involvement exclusively. The facial angioma is absent and glaucoma rarely occurs. This type is only diagnosed via brain scan.

Sturge–Weber is an embryonal developmental anomaly resulting from errors in mesodermal and ectodermal development. Unlike other neurocutaneous disorders (phakomatoses), Sturge–Weber occurs sporadically (i.e., does not have a hereditary cause). It is caused by a mosaic, somatic activating mutation occurring in the GNAQ gene. Imaging findings may include tram track calcifications on CT, pial angiomatosis, and hemicerebral atrophy.

Signs and symptoms
Sturge–Weber syndrome is usually manifested at birth by a port-wine stain on the forehead and upper eyelid of one side of the face, or the whole face. The birthmark can vary in color from light pink to deep purple and is caused by an overabundance of capillaries around the ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve, just under the surface of the face. There is also malformation of blood vessels in the pia mater overlying the brain on the same side of the head as the birthmark. This causes calcification of tissue and loss of nerve cells in the cerebral cortex.

Neurological signs include seizures that begin in infancy and may worsen with age. Convulsions usually happen on the side of the body opposite the birthmark, and vary in severity. There may also be muscle weakness on the side of the body opposite the birthmark.

Some children will have developmental delays and cognitive delays; about 50% will have glaucoma (optic neuropathy often associated with increased intraocular pressure), which can be present at birth or develop later. Glaucoma can be expressed as leukocoria, which should suggest further evaluation for retinoblastoma. Increased pressure within the eye can cause the eyeball to enlarge and bulge out of its socket (buphthalmos).

Sturge–Weber syndrome rarely affects other body organs.

Cause
The blood vessel formations associated with SWS start in the fetal stage. Around the sixth week of development, a network of nerves develops around the area that will become a baby's head. Normally, this network goes away in the ninth week of development. In babies with SWS due to mutation of gene GNAQ, this network of nerves doesn't go away. This reduces the amount of oxygen and blood flowing to the brain, which can affect brain tissue development.

Diagnosis
CT and MRI are most often used to identify intracranial abnormalities. When a child is born with a facial cutaneous vascular malformation covering a portion of the upper or the lower eyelids, imaging should be performed to screen for intracranial leptomeningeal angiomatosis. The haemangioma present on the surface of the brain is in the vast majority of cases on the same side as the birth mark and gradually results in calcification of the underlying brain and atrophy of the affected region.

Treatment
Treatment for Sturge–Weber syndrome is symptomatic. Laser treatment may be used to lighten or remove the birthmark. Anticonvulsant medications may be used to control seizures. Doctors recommend early monitoring for glaucoma, and surgery may be performed on more serious cases. When one side of the brain is affected and anticonvulsants prove ineffective, the standard treatment is neurosurgery to remove or disconnect the affected part of the brain (hemispherectomy). Physical therapy should be considered for infants and children with muscle weakness. Educational therapy is often prescribed for those with intellectual disability or developmental delays, but there is no complete treatment for the delays. Brain surgery involving removing the portion of the brain that is affected by the disorder can be successful in controlling the seizures so that the patient has only a few seizures that are much less intense than pre-surgery. Surgeons may also opt to "switch-off" the affected side of the brain.

Latanoprost (Xalatan), a prostaglandin, may significantly reduce IOP (intraocular pressure) in patients with glaucoma associated with Sturge–Weber syndrome. Latanoprost is commercially formulated as an aqueous solution in a concentration of 0.005% preserved with 0.02% benzalkonium chloride (BAC). The recommended dosage of latanoprost is one drop daily in the evening, which permits better diurnal IOP control than does morning instillation. Its effect is independent of ethnicity, gender or age, and it has few to no side effects. Contraindications include a history of cystic macular edema (CME), epiretinal membrane formation, vitreous loss during cataract surgery, history of macular edema associated with branch retinal vein occlusion, history of anterior uveitis, and diabetes mellitus. It is also wise to advise patients that unilateral treatment can result in heterochromia or hypertrichosis that may become cosmetically objectionable.

Prognosis
Although it is possible for the birthmark and atrophy in the cerebral cortex to be present without symptoms, most infants will develop convulsive seizures during their first year of life. There is a greater likelihood of intellectual impairment when seizures are resistant to treatment. Studies do not support the widely held belief that seizure frequency early in life in patients who have SWS is a prognostic indicator.

Epidemiology
It occurs in approximately 1 in 50,000 newborns.

Eponym
It is named for William Allen Sturge and Frederick Parkes Weber.

Society and culture
The Sturge-Weber Foundation's (The SWF) international mission is to improve the quality of life and care for people with Sturge–Weber syndrome and associated port wine birthmark conditions. It supports affected individuals and their families with education, advocacy, and research to promote effective management and awareness. The SWF was founded by Kirk and Karen Ball, who began searching for answers after their daughter was diagnosed with Sturge–Weber syndrome at birth. The SWF was incorporated in the US in 1987 as an International 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. In 1992, the mission was expanded to include individuals with capillary vascular birthmarks, Klippel Trenaunay (KT) and Port Wine Birthmarks. Sturge-Weber Syndrome | National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (nih.gov)}

The Hemispherectomy Foundation was formed in 2008 to assist families with children who have Sturge–Weber syndrome and other conditions that require hemispherectomy. The Brain Recovery Project was formed in 2011 to fund research and establish rehabilitation protocols to help children who have had hemispherectomy surgery reach their full potential.

Sturge Weber UK (SWUK), formerly Sturge-Weber Foundation UK, is a volunteer-run registered charity formed in 1990. The charity exists to support those affected by Sturge Weber syndrome, promote research into the condition and raise awareness of the condition amongst both public and professionals. The charity was instrumental in setting up a specialist Sturge Weber clinic at Great Ormond Street Hospital.

title: Sturge–Weber syndrome


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Talk:Williams, Fred

Created as part of the WikiProject Missing articles/Encarta_Encyclopedia_topics Paul 02:43, 26 August 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Williams, Fred


text:
Talk:Winant, John Gilbert

Created as part of the WikiProject Missing articles/Encarta_Encyclopedia_topics Paul 02:44, 26 August 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Winant, John Gilbert


text:
João Grande

João Oliveira dos Santos (born 15 January 1933), better known as Mestre João Grande, is a Grão-Mestre (Grand Master) of the Afro-Brazilian martial art of capoeira angola who has contributed to the spread of this art throughout the world. He was a student of the "father of Angola", Mestre Pastinha, and has an academy in New York City.

Early years
Mestre João Grande was born in the village of Itagi in the south of the Brazilian state of Bahia. As a child he worked alongside his family in the fields. At the age of 10 he saw "corta capim" for the first time. This is a movement performed by crouching down, extending one leg in front and swinging it around in a circle, hopping over it with the other leg. Fascinated, he asked what it was called and was told that it was "the Dance of the Nagos" — a dance of the African descendants in the city of Salvador. The Yoruba of Southwest Nigeria had a major cultural influence in Salvador, which was considered the Black Rome of Brazil. But the dance was actually of Central African origin— it was Capoeira. João didn't learn the correct name of the movement until many years later, but it changed his life forever. At the age of ten he left home in search of "the Dance of the Nagos".

Meeting of Mestres
Ten years later, he ended up in Salvador Brazil, the birthplace of capoeira as we know it, where he saw a proper capoeira roda for the first time. Present were mestres Menino Gordo, João Pequeno, who was there with his first teacher, Mestre Barbosa, and Cobrinha Verde, one of the most skillful players of that era.

Student of Pastinha
João Grande asked Mestre Barbosa if he could study and Mestre Barbosa sent him to João Pequeno, who later became his closest associate in capoeira. João Pequeno sent him to Mestre Pastinha who had a famous academy in the Cardeal Pequeno neighborhood of Brotas. João Grande requested permission to join his academy, and Pastinha accepted João as a student at the age of twenty, relatively late in capoeira life. It was Pastinha who gave him the name of João Grande (Big John). While studying, João Grande worked as a longshoreman, playing after work or on his few days off.

Early fame
Mestre João Grande eventually became such an acclaimed capoeirista that when Carybé, a painter famous for his documentation of African Culture in Bahia, chose to do studies of capoeira he chose João Grande as a model.

João Grande and João Pequeno are featured in numerous films of capoeira including one in which they demonstrate the knife techniques of the art. In 1966 João Grande travelled to Senegal with Mestre Pastinha to demonstrate capoeira at the first World Festival of Black Arts in Dakar. He was awarded his Diploma of capoeira from Pastinha in 1968 making him a full-fledged master of capoeira Angola. He subsequently toured Europe and the Middle East with Viva Bahia, a pioneering group that performed Afro-Brazilian folk arts such as capoeira, samba, maculelê, candomblé and puxada da rede.

Demise of Mestre Pastinha
Eventually Pastinha's academy fell on hard times. Pastinha was asked by the government to vacate his building for renovations, but the space was never returned to him. Instead it became a restaurant with entertainment, now called SENAC. Pastinha died broke and bitter about his treatment, but never regretted living the life of a capoeirista.

Return to Capoeira
João Grande returned when Mestre Moraes and Mestre Cobra Mansa persuaded him to come out of retirement in the mid-1980s. He began to teach with their organization Grupo Capoeira Angola Pelourinho. In 1989 he was invited by Jelon Vieira to tour the United States. The tour was a tremendous success. In 1990 he returned to present capoeira at the National Black Arts Festival in Atlanta, Georgia and at the Schomberg Center for Research for Black Culture in New York City. João Grande decided he liked the US and has been teaching at his own academy in New York City ever since.

Present day
In 1995 he received a Doctorate of Humane Letters from Upsala College, East Orange, New Jersey. He is a recipient of a 2001 National Heritage Fellowship awarded by the National Endowment for the Arts, which is the United States government's highest honor in the folk and traditional arts. He has also recorded an audio CD and several DVDs featuring himself and his students, as well as other illustrious figures of capoeira Angola.

title: João Grande


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Moyobamba Province

The Moyobamba Province is one of ten provinces of the San Martín Region in northern Peru.

Political division
The province is divided into six districts.

 * Calzada (Calzada)
 * Habana (Habana)
 * Jepelacio (Jepelacio)
 * Moyobamba (Moyobamba)
 * Soritor (Soritor)
 * Yantalo (Yantalo)

title: Moyobamba Province


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Bruce Kirby (yacht designer)

Bruce Robert William Kirby, (2 January 1929 – 19 July 2021) was a Canadian-born sailboat designer, dinghy and offshore racer and journalist. His designs spanned in size from the single-handed Laser dinghy to the 12-meter class Louis Vuitton Cup yacht, Canada One. He continued his design work in his American company, Bruce Kirby Marine.

Career
Kirby was born in Ottawa. A Canadian newspaperman and former editor of Yacht Racing (predecessor to Sailing World), he designed the Laser in 1969. Kirby started as a reporter in Montreal before editing Yacht Racing and, in his spare time, taking up yacht design and drawing the Laser. In 1970 Kirby became editor of Yacht Racing, where he stayed until 1975.

Kirby's career began with the International 14 class, a developmental skiff with relatively few rules. Kirby designed several International 14s, winning the world championships in 1958 and 1961. Kirby also represented Canada at the Olympic regattas in 1956 and 1964, sailing Finns, and in a Star in 1968.

Kirby's most widely recognized contribution to the sport of sailing was his design of the Laser dinghy.

Starting in the 1970s, Kirby designed two America's Cup 12-Meters, Canada One and Canada II, the Apollo, Sonar, Blazer 23, Kirby 25, and Kirby 30, Ideal 18, and the Pixel, a double-handed trainer that replaced the Blue Jay on Long Island Sound. The San Juan 24 was extremely successful, with over a thousand built since its debut. Designed to the IOR rating, it was the basis for many of Kirby's later offshore designs. Kirby also served as both designer and skipper on Runaway, one of three yachts in Canada's 1981 Admiral's Cup campaign.

Kirby designed Norwalk Islands Sharpies, a line of high powered, shallow-draft sailboats from 18 ft. to 41 ft. The designs use modern plywood, fiberglass and epoxy construction. The Sonar is the largest of three classes used in Paralympic sailing. Kirby was also part of the international committee elected to create the IACC boats (International America's Cup Class) used in the America's Cup between 1992 in San Diego and 2007 in Valencia, Spain.

Recognition
Kirby was inducted into the National Sailing Hall of Fame in 2012.

In 2017, he was named as a Member of the Order of Canada and later was invested into the Order of Canada for his contributions to the sport of sailing.

He was in the first induction of the Lisgar Collegiate Institute Athletic Wall of Fame, as part of the 160th Anniversary celebrations.

Boats
Boats designed by Kirby include: • AMF Apollo 16

• Blazer 23

• DS-22

• Fox 18 (keelboat)

• Ideal 18

• Iota (dinghy)

• Kirby 1/4 T

• Kirby 23

• Kirby 25

• Kirby 30

• Kirby 36

• Kirby 8M

• Kirby Torch

• Laser (dinghy)

• Laser 4.7

• Laser 13

• Laser Radial

• Mirage 30SX

• Mystic Mini-Ton

• Nightwind 35

• North Castle 30

• Pixel (dinghy)

• San Juan 23

• San Juan 23-2

• San Juan 24

• San Juan 30

• Seidelmann 24

• Sonar (keelboat)

• Ticon 34

• Trapper 300

• Trinka 12

• Vision 660

title: Bruce Kirby (yacht designer)


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Julian Sparrow

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete. Woohookitty 07:33, 3 September 2005 (UTC)

Julian Sparrow
Vanity bio Samw 02:46, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Vanity. Cnwb 04:21, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. nn vanity. Nateji77 05:25, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete or userfy. New user. I added a welcome and vanity notice to his talk page. --GraemeL (talk) 10:13, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. I copied the text to User:Jools11 and left him a note on his Talk page. -- DS1953 14:55, August 26, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Non-notable. *drew 22:53, 27 August 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Talk:Winnetka plan

Created as part of the WikiProject Missing articles/Encarta_Encyclopedia_topics Paul 02:46, 26 August 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Winnetka plan


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Dalecarlia Reservoir

Dalecarlia Reservoir is the primary storage basin for drinking water in Washington, D.C., and Arlington County, Virginia. The reservoir is fed by an underground aqueduct in turn fed by low dams which divert portions of the Potomac River near Great Falls and Little Falls. The reservoir is located between Spring Valley and the Palisades, two neighborhoods in Northwest Washington, D.C., and Brookmont, a neighborhood in Montgomery County, Maryland.

History
The 50 acre reservoir was completed in 1858 by the United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) as part of the Washington Aqueduct project. It began providing water on January 3, 1859. Initially the reservoir provided water to the city from the adjacent Little Falls Branch until the aqueduct construction was completed. Regular water service from the Potomac River source through the aqueduct commenced in 1864. The reservoir was modified in 1895 and 1935 to improve water quality and increase water supply.

In the 1920s a water purification plant was built adjacent to the reservoir. The rapid sand filter plant began operation in 1927.

In 1942, the headquarters of the Army Map Service was established on the grounds adjacent to the reservoir; several buildings constructed in the 1940s still exist. In 1946, its headquarters moved to the nearby Sumner Site, which is today the Intelligence Community Campus-Bethesda.

Until the early 21st century, the semi-solid residuals (sludge) produced by the treatment plant were periodically discharged to the Potomac River. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) required USACE to halt most of these discharges, and a residuals handling facility was built on site, which went into operation in 2012.

Current operation
The reservoir and water treatment plant are operated by the Washington Aqueduct, Baltimore District, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers.

Climate
According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, the area has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps. The hottest temperature recorded at Dalecarlia Reservoir was 105 F on August 17, 1997, while the coldest temperature recorded was -11 F on January 21, 1985.

title: Dalecarlia Reservoir


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USS Milan

USS Milan (YP‑6) was a 75-foot patrol boat which served in the United States Coast Guard as Onondago (WCG-209) until transferred to the United States Navy. The ship was built in 1925 by Kingston Drydock and Construction Company of Kingston, New York.

Service history
Placed in Navy service on 11 December 1933, she was renamed USS Skaneateles on 1 June 1934 before being renamed USS Milan on 20 October 1937. The Milan was rechristened by Mrs. Charles Edison, wife of the Assistant Secretary of the Navy and daughter-in-law of Thomas Edison. The name is in reference the village in Ohio, Edison's birthplace.

After her rechristening as USS Milan, (YP-6), a former district patrol vessel, was tied up at the Washington Navy Yard for the use of the Assistant Secretary of the Navy. With the outbreak of World War II, she was returned to patrol duties. In the middle of the war she was loaned, for a brief period, to the dock department, City of New York, after which she returned to the Washington, D.C., area, stationed at Dahlgren, Virginia. Declared to be excess to the needs of the Navy on 5 April 1946, Milan was turned over to War Shipping Administration for disposal on 7 July 1946 and sold on 27 July 1946.

title: USS Milan


text: File:Squeeze king george street cover.jpg


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Talk:Zango Messenger

Zango collects cookies and exploits user privacy.

More information about Zango and how to remove it on:

http://www3.ca.com/securityadvisor/pest/pest.aspx?id=453094343

http://www.spywareguide.com/product_show.php?id=2176

http://vil.mcafeesecurity.com/vil/content/v_134248.htm

this article edited by spyware company
According to

http://it.slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=182012&cid=15048331

someone from 180 Solutions was involved in an edit war on this very article. Phr 06:43, 3 April 2006 (UTC)

 * However, the edit conflict occured over half a year ago. It doesn't really seem to be much of a problem anymore. —  The KMan  talk  06:56, 3 April 2006 (UTC)
 * So is it appropriate to remove the dispute tag now? Phr 06:57, 3 April 2006 (UTC)

 * Cool Cat originally added the tag with the edid summary "tag for now for this spyware", but I think concerns about the facts about this subject (specifically its spyware content) have been dealt with. —  The KMan  talk  07:02, 3 April 2006 (UTC)
 * What the heck? Someone just edited the article about 10 times and removed the spyware stuff.  Phr 07:39, 3 April 2006 (UTC)
 * I just added a final warning to his user page, if he does it again then it's time for WP:AIAV -- Ned Scott 08:38, 3 April 2006 (UTC)
 * I suspect the person is a repeat disruptor/sock carefully avoiding a 3rr vio. I left a note at WP:AN about a troll at large.  Phr 08:58, 3 April 2006 (UTC)
 * Jeez, it changed between two reloads. (I'm from /. too, will watch this article.) Nnp 08:54, 3 April 2006 (UTC)
 * I see no real dispute over the factuality of the article. If no one objects I will remove the dispute notice in a few days. Nnp 16:18, 9 April 2006 (UTC) (forgot to sign)

 * removed.Phr 01:26, 5 April 2006 (UTC)

This article seemed like a mix of warnings and ad copy endorsing Zango. Fixed. Nnp 16:18, 9 April 2006 (UTC)

29 June 2006, reworked the corporate advertising copy for accuracy. I hope you don't mind me having a little fun with these shills. If you object to my copy, please exchange it for your own, so long as it is not advertising and/or misinformation in Zango's favour. Thank you and good night. [Anonymous] —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 207.236.93.210 (talk • contribs).

For whatever it's worth, this stuff has been recently discussed about in Slashdot again: --wwwwolf (barks/growls) 13:02, 29 July 2006 (UTC)

Brilliant riposte. My commendations. I need to register an account, ffs. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 207.236.93.210 (talk • contribs).

title: Talk:Zango Messenger


text:
User:RunOrDie

Welcome to my user page! I've been visiting Wikipedia for a while now, and decided I'd lend a hand with the RC patrol. Leave comments on my talk page. RunOrDie 02:48, 26 August 2005 (UTC)

title: User:RunOrDie


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Kraków-Rakowice-Czyżyny Airport

Kraków-Rakowice-Czyżyny Airport is a disused airport in Kraków, Poland, one of the oldest permanent airfields in Europe, open for occasional traffic by certain types of aircraft. A portion of it is now the site of the Polish Aviation Museum with a 720-metre long and 60-metre wide segment of the original concrete runway restored for use by the museum for light planes (to 7,500 kg) and helicopters.

History
The airfield has its beginnings as a military airport established in the borough of Rakowice in 1912, one of the most modern and largest in Poland at the time. It was built for the needs of the Austro-Hungarian Empire along with an army garrison. In 1917, the airfield became one of the stopovers in the first European air mail service linking Vienna with Kyiv and Odessa. The airport was in continuous use to 1963, until the relocation of the Kraków passenger airport 16 km westwards, to the village of Balice. The expansion of nearby Nowa Huta district of Kraków forced its closure.

In June 2004, a portion of the airport contiguous with the Polish Aviation Museum was reopened as a police helicopter base and for an occasional fixed-wing aircraft traffic on runway 26 for an annual two-day air show held on the last weekend of June. The museum is also likely to use this airfield for flying some of its collection or acquiring new exhibits.

Since 2009, the airport has been a location of Live Music Festival.

title: Kraków-Rakowice-Czyżyny Airport