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Talk:Straylight Run

Has anyone noticed..
that this band seems to be going nowhere... they havent had anything new for two years, their last release of anything was the ep Prepare to be Wrong which was in 2005, so whats going on with them? did the band brake up or something?
 * They just released a brand new album. Calm down! You can't expect a band to release a new album every single year. That's just not how music works. They have to tour, and record and spend time with their families. Recording an album also takes time, anywhere between a few months and a year. Doc Strange 20:40, 3 December 2007 (UTC)

Genre
I remember reading somewhere that refrenced them as "Piano Rock" If anyone else happens to see the same clasifacation, please add it. Jman8088 23:08, 6 January 2007 (UTC)

"A drummer"?
I'm reverting the change in the Will Noon section from "World's greatest living drummer (according to Modern Drummer Magazine, April 2005)" to "A drummer", as it's pretty unremarkable for a drummer magazine to claim that someone is "a drummer". Reporting press acclaim does not violate WP:NPOV; please only revert if you think the magazine hasn't actually written this.

 * I not only want to see it in print, I want two sources. It's simply unacceptable to have such cruft in an encyclopedia... unless there are source(s) saying exactly that. And such an extrodinary claim better have some sources to go with it. - RoyBoy 800 07:57, 25 February 2006 (UTC)

Very crappy page
This page is pretty much just fanservice. Who cares if some band member prefers automatic transition? I'm marking this with the appropriate tag. --CalPaterson 20:15, 14 January 2006 (UTC)
 * I disagree per WP:N threshold, and have removed the tag, which is up for deletion anyway, this being the only page using it.
 * Plus, the description seems well-written, sourced, NPOV, informative, mildly notable, and generally non-crappy to me. --James S. 07:07, 19 January 2006 (UTC)

What's Another Word For Desperate?
That's awfully harsh. I hardly think that a few somewhat esoteric lines somehow cause the entire page to be "crappy". Furthermore, most of the biographical notes were initially on SR's actual web site, which prompted someone to add them to this page. While certain details may not be necessary, you're going way to far by abusing the entire page. Is history and discography just "fanservice"?

Having said that, there is certainly room for improvement. I believe that the page is too focused on other bands. Of course, it might be pertinent to say that Nate Ruess of the Format appears on "It's For The Best", and that Jeff DaRosa of The Exit appears on "It Never Gets Easier" and "With God On Our Side" (and is engaged to Michelle Nolan, for that matter). Isaac Burker should probably be mentioned, as he is the major guitar tech/backup instrument guy. An external link to the actual 6-song demo (avaliable here: http://www.straylight-run.com/disco/index.html, a site that is already under the links section) would be a nice feature. SR is also no longer under contract with Victory.

EDIT: So, I think the best way to approach this is to relegate all random facts to each band member's individual wikipedia page (Shaun needs to be differentiated from the football player, and Will needs an actual page). This should definitely reduce clutter on the main SR page.

--UberDrivel

Name
what does "Straylight Run" mean, what does it refer to? --Shandristhe azylean 15:34, 15 October 2006 (UTC)
 * It refers to a line in the William Gibson novel Neuromancer Doc Strange 20:37, 3 December 2007 (UTC)

Just wonderingg...
Why are they called an indie band if they are signed with Universal... sorry if i'm sounding a tad sarcastic...i promise i'm not trying to! eek. ehehe =) Bitbitz.xx 12:03, 12 April 2007 (UTC)
 * It's a genre as well. There are several indie rock bands that are signed to majors like Rogue Wave, The Dresden Dolls and others Doc Strange 20:38, 3 December 2007 (UTC)

Ex. On Prom Night/For The Best similarities
I was bored today and reversed the ending of For The Best on their first CD. It appears that one of the riffs from Ex. On Prom Night is the main backwards riff of For The Best. Try it yourself. This could go under some kind of trivia section because it's pretty important. They share the same key and time, so it could be classified as a sister song. 64.148.58.43 01:07, 11 June 2007 (UTC)

Michelle's departure
The article makes it sound like Michelle's leaving is a definite end of the line. However, in her blog on MySpace announcing it, she does state she might be coming back to the band. Quote:
 * "...I am going to take some time off from Straylight Run to work on a solo record."   -AND-
 * "John, Will, Shaun and i are all still close friends and we look forward to playing together again some day."

Doesn't sound definite either way, so I'll change the article to something I feel is more appropriate. Feel free to change it if you thing of something more suiting. :) DaRkAgE7 (talk) 05:56, 12 June 2008 (UTC)

External links modified
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title: Talk:Straylight Run


text: Category:Defunct agriculture companies of the United States

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


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User talk:MrShuke

Welcome!

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, you can sign your name on Talk and vote pages using three tildes, like this: ~~~. Four tildes (~~~~) produces your name and the current date. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my Talk page. Again, welcome! CambridgeBayWeather 12:52, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * The Five Pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
 * Editing, policy, conduct, and structure tutorial
 * Picture tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Naming conventions
 * Manual of Style
 * If you're ready for the complete list of Wikipedia documentation, there's also Topical index.

Thank you for the welcome CambridgeBayWeather.

Aside from the coding, the etiquette is also very daunting. There is a complex system that I am still trying to grasp here, but I already realise that the depth of "etiquette" here is part of the reason it is doing so well.

So I'm going to keep looking around and picking up bits and pieces until I've got a better understanding of this mini-universe of information.

Again, Thank you

--MrShuke 13:06, August 26, 2005 (UTC)

 * I was worried about the etiquette at first but so far I have had very little negative comments. Most of the users here seem OK. I found it easier to create and edit articles about my work (weather observing) and I now occasionally branch out into other things that I can add to (and I find interesting) and are easy to research. Have fun and as they say be bold. CambridgeBayWeather 13:15, 26 August 2005 (UTC)

Football links
Hi,

I noticed you were new and had been editing football articles, so I thought I'd give you a few links that it took me a while to find. Hope they're useful.

 * User:Sjorford/Football - comprehensive list of football articles on Wikipedia
 * WikiProject Football - place to discuss football articles
 * Wikiportal/Association football - good page for editors who are interested in football

CTOAGN 13:46, 26 August 2005 (UTC)

Wow, thats great! Thanks CTOAGN, those links are much appreciated.

 * It's good to see how dedicated some of the mebers here are to quality, and it shows in the website as a whole. This whole project is such an immense task, and it seems that it's thanks to members such as yourself that it can keep up the good quality.

Thanks, MrShuke 13:54, August 26, 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:MrShuke


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Orientation (geometry)

In geometry, the orientation, attitude, bearing, direction, or angular position of an object – such as a line, plane or rigid body – is part of the description of how it is placed in the space it occupies. More specifically, it refers to the imaginary rotation that is needed to move the object from a reference placement to its current placement. A rotation may not be enough to reach the current placement, in which case it may be necessary to add an imaginary translation to change the object's position (or linear position). The position and orientation together fully describe how the object is placed in space. The above-mentioned imaginary rotation and translation may be thought to occur in any order, as the orientation of an object does not change when it translates, and its position does not change when it rotates.

Euler's rotation theorem shows that in three dimensions any orientation can be reached with a single rotation around a fixed axis. This gives one common way of representing the orientation using an axis–angle representation. Other widely used methods include rotation quaternions, rotors, Euler angles, or rotation matrices. More specialist uses include Miller indices in crystallography, strike and dip in geology and grade on maps and signs. A unit vector may also be used to represent an object's normal vector orientation or the relative direction between two points.

Typically, the orientation is given relative to a frame of reference, usually specified by a Cartesian coordinate system. Two objects sharing the same direction are said to be codirectional (as in parallel lines). Two directions are said to be opposite if they are the additive inverse of one another, as in an arbitrary unit vector and its multiplication by −1. Two directions are obtuse if they form an obtuse angle (greater than a right angle) or, equivalently, if their scalar product or scalar projection is negative.

Three dimensions
In general the position and orientation in space of a rigid body are defined as the position and orientation, relative to the main reference frame, of another reference frame, which is fixed relative to the body, and hence translates and rotates with it (the body's local reference frame, or local coordinate system). At least three independent values are needed to describe the orientation of this local frame. Three other values describe the position of a point on the object. All the points of the body change their position during a rotation except for those lying on the rotation axis. If the rigid body has rotational symmetry not all orientations are distinguishable, except by observing how the orientation evolves in time from a known starting orientation. For example, the orientation in space of a line, line segment, or vector can be specified with only two values, for example two direction cosines. Another example is the position of a point on the Earth, often described using the orientation of a line joining it with the Earth's center, measured using the two angles of longitude and latitude. Likewise, the orientation of a plane can be described with two values as well, for instance by specifying the orientation of a line normal to that plane, or by using the strike and dip angles.

Further details about the mathematical methods to represent the orientation of rigid bodies and planes in three dimensions are given in the following sections.

Two dimensions
In two dimensions the orientation of any object (line, vector, or plane figure) is given by a single value: the angle through which it has rotated. There is only one degree of freedom and only one fixed point about which the rotation takes place.

Multiple dimensions
When there are $d$ dimensions, specification of an orientation of an object that does not have any rotational symmetry requires $d(d − 1) / 2$ independent values.

Rigid body in three dimensions
Several methods to describe orientations of a rigid body in three dimensions have been developed. They are summarized in the following sections.

Euler angles
The first attempt to represent an orientation is attributed to Leonhard Euler. He imagined three reference frames that could rotate one around the other, and realized that by starting with a fixed reference frame and performing three rotations, he could get any other reference frame in the space (using two rotations to fix the vertical axis and another to fix the other two axes). The values of these three rotations are called Euler angles.

Tait–Bryan angles
These are three angles, also known as yaw, pitch and roll, Navigation angles and Cardan angles. Mathematically they constitute a set of six possibilities inside the twelve possible sets of Euler angles, the ordering being the one best used for describing the orientation of a vehicle such as an airplane. In aerospace engineering they are usually referred to as Euler angles.

Orientation vector
Euler also realized that the composition of two rotations is equivalent to a single rotation about a different fixed axis (Euler's rotation theorem). Therefore, the composition of the former three angles has to be equal to only one rotation, whose axis was complicated to calculate until matrices were developed.

Based on this fact he introduced a vectorial way to describe any rotation, with a vector on the rotation axis and module equal to the value of the angle. Therefore, any orientation can be represented by a rotation vector (also called Euler vector) that leads to it from the reference frame. When used to represent an orientation, the rotation vector is commonly called orientation vector, or attitude vector.

A similar method, called axis–angle representation, describes a rotation or orientation using a unit vector aligned with the rotation axis, and a separate value to indicate the angle (see figure).

Orientation matrix
With the introduction of matrices, the Euler theorems were rewritten. The rotations were described by orthogonal matrices referred to as rotation matrices or direction cosine matrices. When used to represent an orientation, a rotation matrix is commonly called orientation matrix, or attitude matrix.

The above-mentioned Euler vector is the eigenvector of a rotation matrix (a rotation matrix has a unique real eigenvalue). The product of two rotation matrices is the composition of rotations. Therefore, as before, the orientation can be given as the rotation from the initial frame to achieve the frame that we want to describe.

The configuration space of a non-symmetrical object in n-dimensional space is SO(n) × Rn. Orientation may be visualized by attaching a basis of tangent vectors to an object. The direction in which each vector points determines its orientation.

Orientation quaternion
Another way to describe rotations is using rotation quaternions, also called versors. They are equivalent to rotation matrices and rotation vectors. With respect to rotation vectors, they can be more easily converted to and from matrices. When used to represent orientations, rotation quaternions are typically called orientation quaternions or attitude quaternions.

Miller indices
The attitude of a lattice plane is the orientation of the line normal to the plane, and is described by the plane's Miller indices. In three-space a family of planes (a series of parallel planes) can be denoted by its Miller indices (hkl), so the family of planes has an attitude common to all its constituent planes.

Strike and dip
Many features observed in geology are planes or lines, and their orientation is commonly referred to as their attitude. These attitudes are specified with two angles.

For a line, these angles are called the trend and the plunge. The trend is the compass direction of the line, and the plunge is the downward angle it makes with a horizontal plane.

For a plane, the two angles are called its strike (angle) and its dip (angle). A strike line is the intersection of a horizontal plane with the observed planar feature (and therefore a horizontal line), and the strike angle is the bearing of this line (that is, relative to geographic north or from magnetic north). The dip is the angle between a horizontal plane and the observed planar feature as observed in a third vertical plane perpendicular to the strike line.

Rigid body
The attitude of a rigid body is its orientation as described, for example, by the orientation of a frame fixed in the body relative to a fixed reference frame. The attitude is described by attitude coordinates, and consists of at least three coordinates. One scheme for orienting a rigid body is based upon body-axes rotation; successive rotations three times about the axes of the body's fixed reference frame, thereby establishing the body's Euler angles. Another is based upon roll, pitch and yaw, although these terms also refer to incremental deviations from the nominal attitude

title: Orientation (geometry)


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Boom Boom Chi Boom Boom

Boom Boom Chi Boom Boom is the third studio album by Tom Tom Club, released in 1988. It includes a cover of the Velvet Underground's "Femme Fatale", with David Byrne, Lou Reed, and Jerry Harrison. The track "Suboceana" was released as a single in the UK in late 1988 and received some radio airplay. In the US, a 12-inch (5 track maxi-)single of the song was released, which featured a remix by Marshall Jefferson, and contains the track "Devil, Does Your Dog Bite". That song is a bonus (track 11) on the Japanese issue of the album that has the original 10 songs (like the European 1988 issue). The track "Don't Say No" was released as a single in the UK, Europe, and Australia. The 7" version was remixed by Tuta Aquino and various 12" releases included acid house remixes by Marshall Jefferson. "Challenge of the Love Warriors" is played over the ending credits of Mary Lambert's 1987 mystery thriller Siesta though it is not included on the soundtrack album, also released in 1987, from Miles Davis and Marcus Miller.

Production
The band began working on the album in 1986, and eventually spent two months recording it.

Critical reception
Trouser Press preferred the US version of the album, writing that it "is as much fun for as deep as you care to listen." The Rolling Stone Album Guide called the album "forced" and "hollow-sounding." The Los Angeles Times called it "a fluffy funkasonic fun house that serves as a fine complement to the Heads’ more arty melanges." The Rough Guide to Rock deemed the songs "polite white soul arrangements."

Track listing
All songs written by Tina Weymouth and Chris Frantz, except where noted.
 * 1) "Suboceana" (Tina Weymouth, Frantz, Laura Weymouth) – 4:53
 * 2) "Shock the World" – 3:51
 * 3) "Don't Say No" – 4:30
 * 4) "Challenge of the Love Warriors" (Frantz) – 3:07
 * 5) "Femme Fatale" (Lou Reed) – 2:48
 * 6) "Born for Love" – 4:24
 * 7) "Broken Promises" – 3:45
 * 8) "She Belongs to Me" (Bob Dylan) – 4:03
 * 9) "Little Eva" – 4:00
 * 10) "Mighty Teardrop" (Tina Weymouth, Frantz, Laura Weymouth) – 4:13

US/Canada (1989) track listing
The album was heavily revised for issue in the US and Canada. Three tracks of the original 1988 issue were dropped ("Born for Love", "Broken Promises" and "Mighty Teardrop"), while four new tracks were added ("Call of the Wild", "Kiss Me When I Get Back", "Wa Wa Dance" and "I Confess").

 * 1) "Call of the Wild" (Tina Weymouth, Frantz, Mark Roule, Gary Pozner) mixed by Gary Wilkinson
 * 2) "Kiss Me When I Get Back" (Tina Weymouth, Frantz, Mark Roule, Gary Pozner) mixed by Louis Scalise
 * 3) "Wa Wa Dance" (Tina Weymouth, Frantz, Mark Roule, Gary Pozner) mixed by Gary Wilkinson
 * 4) "I Confess" (Tina Weymouth, Frantz, Mark Roule, Gary Pozner) mixed by David Sussman
 * 5) "Challenge of the Love Warriors"
 * 6) "Suboceana"
 * 7) "Don't Say No"
 * 8) "Shock the World"
 * 9) "Little Eva"
 * 10) "Femme Fatale"
 * 11) "She Belongs to Me" (on CD version only) mixed by Mark Roule

Personnel

 * Tina Weymouth – bass, keyboards, rhythm guitar, vocals; harmonium on "Femme Fatale"
 * Chris Frantz – drums, keyboards, percussion, front cover painting
 * Mark Roule – guitar, backing vocals
 * Gary Pozner – keyboards, drum programming, percussion, backing vocals
 * Laura Weymouth – backing vocals
 * Wally Badarou – Synclavier on "Challenge of the Love Warriors" and Bell keyboards on "Broken Promises"
 * Steve Scales – bongos, percussion on "Challenge of the Love Warriors"
 * Jerry Harrison – keyboards, backing vocals on "Femme Fatale"
 * Lou Reed – guitar, backing vocals on "Femme Fatale"
 * David Byrne – guitar, backing vocals on "Femme Fatale"
 * Eddie Martinez – guitar on "Born for Love"
 * Jay Berliner – Spanish guitar on "Broken Promises"
 * Glenn Rosenstein – rhythm guitar on "Born for Love", keyboards on "She Belongs to Me"
 * Heidi Berg – violin on "Little Eva"
 * Coco Arnesen Roule – vocals on "Call of the Wild"
 * Tiny Valentine – vocals on "Wa Wa Dance"
 * Technical
 * Glenn Rosenstein – engineer, mixing
 * Mark Roule and Steven Stanley – additional engineer

Chart performance
The album spent 11 weeks on the U.S. Billboard album charts and reached its peak position of #114 in May 1989.

title: Boom Boom Chi Boom Boom


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User:Kmill25

I love the Redskins and the Wizards!

title: User:Kmill25


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The Pilgrim (1923 film)

The Pilgrim is a 1923 American silent film made by Charlie Chaplin for the First National Film Company, starring Chaplin and Edna Purviance.

The film marks the last time Edna Purviance co-starred with Chaplin and the last film he made for First National. Purviance also starred in Chaplin's A Woman of Paris (1923), in which Chaplin had a brief cameo. It was Chaplin's second-shortest feature film, constructed more like a two-reeler from earlier in his career. It is also noted as the first film for Charles Reisner, who became a successful director.

In 1959, Chaplin included The Pilgrim as one of three films comprising The Chaplin Revue. Slightly re-edited and fully re-scored, the film contained the song "I'm Bound For Texas", written and composed by Chaplin, and sung by Matt Monro.

The Pilgrim is one of many works from 1923 that entered the public domain in the United States in 2019.

Plot
The Pilgrim, an escaped convict, steals a minister's clothes to replace his prison uniform. At a train station, he encounters an eloping couple who want him to marry them. The woman's father shows up and takes her away.

The convict then picks a destination at random and ends up in Devil's Gulch, Texas, on a Sunday. A delegation is waiting to welcome their new parson. With the sheriff nearby, the Pilgrim has to keep playing his part. A large deacon takes him to the church, where he improvises a sermon about David and Goliath.

It has been arranged for the parson to board with Mrs. Brown and her attractive daughter. The latter and the Pilgrim are attracted to each other. A complication arises when the crook, the Pilgrim's old cellmate, spots him. Curious, the man pretends to be the Pilgrim's old college friend and is invited to tea by Mrs. Brown. Among the other guests are a man and wife and their young boy, who proceeds to annoy everyone. Also present is the large deacon, who refuses to accept Mrs. Brown's mortgage payment on the Sabbath. Despite the Pilgrim's best efforts, the crook later steals the money and flees. The Pilgrim promises Miss Brown he will get the money back. After he leaves, however, the sheriff shows the young woman a wanted poster for her boarder.

The crook heads to a casino. Despite a robbery in progress, the Pilgrim manages to retrieve the money. He gives it and the church collection to Miss Brown. When he is apprehended by the sheriff, Miss Brown comes to his defense, revealing what he has done. As a result, the sheriff takes his prisoner to the border and orders him to pick him some flowers on Mexican land. Not taking the hint, the Pilgrim returns. The sheriff has to literally kick him out of American jurisdiction before he recognizes the lawman's act of kindness. However, his enjoyment of the peace of a new land proves to be short-lived; several gunmen pop out of the undergrowth and start shooting at each other. The frightened Pilgrim hastens away, straddling the border as he ponders his options.

Cast

 * Charlie Chaplin – The Pilgrim (Lefty Lombard / Slippery Elm according to a newspaper)
 * Edna Purviance – Miss Brown
 * Sydney Chaplin – Eloper / Train Conductor / Little Boy's Father
 * Mack Swain – Deacon Jones (Large Deacon)
 * Loyal Underwood – Small Deacon
 * Dean Riesner – Little Boy
 * Charles Reisner – Howard Huntington, alias Nitro Nick, alias Picking Pete
 * Tom Murray – Sheriff Bryan
 * Henry Bergman – Sheriff on Train / Man in Railroad Station
 * Marion Davies - Congregation member (uncredited)
 * Phyllis Allen - Congregation member (uncredited)
 * Kitty Bradbury – Mrs. Brown
 * Mai Wells – Little Boy's Mother

Reception
Chaplin biographer Jeffrey Vance considers The Pilgrim to be an important work and gives the film careful consideration in his 2003 book Chaplin: Genius of the Cinema in contrast to other Chaplin biographers.

Vance writes: "The Pilgrim is one of Chaplin's richest—and most neglected—films." Vance praises the film's economy of action, classical theatrical roots (including Molière and the British music-hall), the sharp edge to the film's comedy and the ironic ending, with Chaplin's character straddling the international line between the U.S. and Mexico.

Film scholar Donna Kornhaber calls the film's "famous sermon in pantomime" (of the story of David and Goliath) one of Chaplin's "greatest act[s] of physical storytelling."

In its generally positive February 26, 1923 review, The New York Times said: "No, this picture is not the equal of The Kid. It lacks that comedy's subtleties, it isn't as sharply pointed with humanity, it isn't as finely characterized, but it's a genuine Chaplin, nevertheless."

In the 1952 Sight & Sound poll, the great French film critic André Bazin picked The Pilgrim as one of the ten greatest movies of all time.

title: The Pilgrim (1923 film)


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Tara (plantation)

Tara is the name of a fictional plantation in the state of Georgia, in the historical novel Gone with the Wind (1936) by Margaret Mitchell. In the story, Tara is located 5 mi from Jonesboro (originally spelled Jonesborough), in Clayton County, on the east side of the Flint River about 20 mi south of Atlanta.

Mitchell modeled Tara after local plantations and antebellum establishments, particularly Rural Home, the Clayton County plantation on which her maternal grandmother, Annie Fitzgerald Stephens (1844–1934), the daughter of Irish immigrant Philip Fitzgerald (1798–1880) and his American wife, Eleanor Avaline "Ellen" McGhan (1818–1893), was born and raised. However, the original Rural Home, a two-story wooden structure, was not as palatial and glamorous as the one described in the novel and/or depicted in the 1939 movie Gone with the Wind.

Twelve Oaks, a neighboring plantation in the novel, is now the name of many businesses and a high school stadium in nearby Lovejoy, Georgia.

In Gone with the Wind
In Gone with the Wind, Tara was founded by Irish immigrant Gerald O'Hara after he won 640 acre or one square mile of land from its absentee owner during an all-night poker game. An Irish peasant farmer rather than the merchant his elder brothers (whose emigrations to Savannah had brought him to Georgia) wanted him to be, Gerald relished the thought of becoming a landed gentleman and gave his mostly wilderness and uncultivated new lands the grandiose name of Tara after the Hill of Tara, once the capital of the High King of ancient Ireland. He borrowed money from his brothers and bankers to buy slaves and turned the farm into a very successful cotton plantation. Gerald realized that the manor house needed a feminine touch and domestic servants. Consulting with his valet, Pork, whom he had won in a card game, he was told, "whut you needs is a wife, and a wife whut has got plen'y of house niggers." So Gerald set off to Savannah to look for a wife meeting this qualification.

At 43, Gerald married the 15-year-old Ellen Robillard, a wealthy Savannah-born girl of French descent, receiving as dowry twenty slaves (including Mammy, Ellen's nurse, who became nurse to Ellen's daughters and grandchildren as well). His young bride took a very real interest in the management of the plantation, being in some ways a more hands-on manager than her husband. With the injection of her dowry money and the rise of cotton prices, Tara grew to a plantation of more than 1000 acre and more than 100 slaves by the dawn of the Civil War.

In the first quarter of the novel, the O'Haras are enthusiastically partisan in support of the Confederacy. Nevertheless, even before the tide has turned irreversibly against the Confederacy following Gettysburg and Vicksburg, the plantation (along with the other great land-holdings in the county) has already suffered major deprivation because of the war and has descended into disrepair. Shortages caused by the Union blockade and the Confederate requisitioning of supplies and slaves have turned the home from a house of plenty to one of mere subsistence, while the inability to sell their cotton to England has also greatly diminished the family's once-lavish income and lifestyle. The arrival of Sherman's troops in Clayton County terrifies those slaves who have not already departed or been conscripted into the labor force by the Confederacy. By the time Union troops arrive at Tara, only the house slaves remain.

Unlike the homes of most of the O'Haras' neighbors, Tara is spared the torch during the Union's Scorched Earth Policy. The life-threatening illness, from typhoid, of Ellen O'Hara and her younger daughters, Suellen and Carreen, causes Gerald to stand firm in the doorway of his house, "as if he had an army behind him rather than before him", and earns the sympathy of a Union officer who orders his surgeon to treat the O'Hara women with laudanum and quinine. The officer commandeers the house for use as a Union field headquarters, but as a courtesy, it is spared. However, movable items of value (including Ellen's rosary, pictures, and china) are confiscated (or stolen), and larger items are vandalized by the withdrawing Union troops. Mammy hides the family silver in the well.

The army also chops down the trees surrounding the home, destroys the outbuildings, uses much of the fencing for firewood, slaughters the livestock, and pillages the vegetable gardens and fruit orchards for its own use. Soldiers even destroy what is not yet ripe and unearth graves in the family and slave cemeteries to search for valuables buried under false headstones. The most expensive blow comes when the troops torch more than $158,331 worth of baled cotton (in 2014 currency ). (The O'Haras had been unable to sell the cotton to English merchants, owing to the blockade, and thus it was still awaiting transport.) Upon the army's withdrawal, the family and their loyal remaining slaves are left with a looted and dilapidated house, a ruined farm with no stock, work animals, or farm equipment, no food and no means to produce food. They are indigent and soon starving.

Ellen O'Hara dies soon after the Union evacuation, and her widowed oldest daughter Scarlett returns a day later, initial delight at finding the house still standing soon turning to despair at its ruination. The loss of his wife, combined with hopelessness, poverty, age, and an increasing reliance on whiskey (when it is available) is destroying Gerald O'Hara's sanity, leaving him a demented echo of his former self. The plantation and house continue to be visited by both rebel and Union troops throughout the war, both sides taking any remnants of food and items of value left to the family.

Scarlett, however, leads her complaining sister Suellen, and semi-stunned and emotionally numb sister Carreen, and the house slaves (all unaccustomed to hard manual labor), in harvesting the remaining cotton plants. She manages to salvage a few hundred pounds of the crop (enough to trade for food, perhaps) but sees her labor rendered useless when a small detachment of Union troops finds the cotton in a slave cabin and sets it ablaze. When one of the soldiers is prevented, by his commanding officer, from taking a gilded sword that once belonged to Scarlett's long-dead father-in-law and intended for her little boy Wade Hamilton (the officer is himself a veteran of the same campaigns as the sword's former owner), the thwarted Yankee soldier expresses his indignation by secretly setting a wing of the house on fire as the Yankees are leaving. The family (which at this point, includes the convalescent Melanie Wilkes, Scarlett's sister-in-law by her marriage to her first husband--Melanie's dead brother Charles Hamilton) extinguishes the flames before they can spread, but the mansion is further damaged.

When a Union deserter attempts to rob and rape Scarlett, she kills him in self-defense and vengeance. With the tiny windfall of money he was carrying, and with his horse and the aid of Will Benteen, a Confederate private and amputee nursed through a near-fatal fever by the O'Haras, the land is planted once again, on a subsistence scale. The family is able to eke out a very meager living, leaving them constantly hungry but at least not homeless or starving.

Peace returns after the war, but not prosperity. Scarlett manages to save Tara from being seized and the family from dispossession only by deceitfully marrying her sister Suellen's fiancé, Frank Kennedy, and using his savings to pay the $300 in taxes levied on the place. Though Scarlett returns to Atlanta where her fortunes rise as she takes over and expands her second husband Frank's business interests, she shares her new wealth with Tara. Tara never achieves anything like its antebellum grandeur, but it does become self-supporting as a "two horse" farm. While far from rich, the O'Haras are at least in better condition than most of their neighbors. While Scarlett is in Atlanta, Suellen, the sister whom Scarlett's husband truly loved, conspires with the hated carpetbaggers and scalawags to defraud the victorious United States government of $150,000 by having her senile father swear an oath that his family was pro-Union during the war; therefore, the cotton burned and the damages done to the place were not justified. The plan backfires and leads to the accidental death of Gerald. It also leads to the social ostracism of Suellen by her neighbors and even some of her relatives, though ironically it increases her worth (slightly) in the eyes of her pragmatic sister Scarlett, who privately believes the plan was brilliant.

In 1868, Scarlett marries Rhett Butler, a wealthy playboy. Rhett has Tara restored the way it was before the war, but the couple also have a house built in Atlanta. Though Scarlett resides in Atlanta, she considers Tara her true home. The house is restored and refurnished, the outbuildings are rebuilt, the fields are again stocked with cattle, turkeys, and horses, and the land is again planted with cotton (raised now by poor white and free black sharecroppers). By the end of the novel, Tara has come to resemble, as closely as it can, the beautiful red-earthed plantation it was before the war. Scarlett, however, is unable to find peace or happiness. Though she has come back from defeat and starvation to become one of the wealthiest women in the South and is even far richer and more spoiled than she ever expected to be, she feels miserable and empty. Most of this is due to, first, her hopeless love for Ashley Wilkes, and later her loss of Rhett's love (unfortunately, after realizing Rhett is the one she loves), and the death of their daughter Bonnie (and perhaps her loss of Melanie's friendship through her death, as well). After Rhett leaves Scarlett, she returns to Tara, declaring that she will win back his love one day.

Many critics state that Tara ultimately symbolizes Scarlett's spirit or character. Initially, it is a thing of pompous but shallow beauty, then a place of desolation but nevertheless still standing when the neighboring homes are not, and finally as beautiful as ever but bereft of life and happiness.

In Rhett Butler's People
In the 2007 novel by Donald McCaig, Rhett Butler's People, Tara stays virtually the same as in Gone With the Wind. However, at the end of this novel, which was the authorized Margaret Mitchell estate sequel to Gone With the Wind, the crazed Isaiah Watling sets fire to the main staircase of the mansion, which burns to the ground.

The house
When Gerald first takes possession of the property, he and his slave valet Pork (also acquired by Gerald in a poker game) inhabit the four-room overseer's house that remained standing after the former mansion burned down. The enslaved population builds Tara on the site of the old house and add to it as is necessary. It is a clumsy sprawling building of whitewashed brick and timber "built according to no architectural plan whatever, with extra rooms added where and when it seemed convenient". Its charm comes from Ellen's grace and sophistication. According to the description in the novel, the house has at least two hallways, a cellar, front and back stairs, and an attic.

Movie set
For the 1939 motion picture, the home was constructed by art director Lyle Wheeler. After filming concluded, the façade of Tara sat on the Forty Acres backlot owned by RKO Pictures and then Desilu Productions. The Tara house façade looks very similar to the home of Barbara Stanwyck's character Victoria Barkley in the ABC series The Big Valley. That set was built in 1947 on the Republic Studios lot in Encino for the John Wayne movie The Fighting Kentuckian. In 1959, Southern Attractions, Inc. purchased the Tara façade, which was dismantled and shipped to Georgia with plans to relocate it to the Atlanta area as a tourist attraction. Producer David O. Selznick commented at the time,"Nothing in Hollywood is permanent. Once photographed, life here is ended. It is almost symbolic of Hollywood. Tara had no rooms inside. It was just a façade. So much of Hollywood is a façade."

However, the Margaret Mitchell estate refused to license anything that sought to capitalize on the novel's fame and popularity, including the movie set, citing Mitchell's dismay at how little it resembled her description in her novel.

In 1979, what remained of the set—doorway, windows, shutters, cornice, steps and breezeway to the kitchen, and elements of the kitchen itself—was purchased for $5,000 (~$ in ) by Betty Talmadge, the former wife of former governor and U.S. Senator Herman Talmadge. She had the front door of the Tara set restored. After a 1989 exhibit at the Atlanta History Center, she lent it for permanent display at the Margaret Mitchell House and Museum in Midtown Atlanta, Georgia.

A short time later, K. C. Bassham, an inn owner in Concord, Georgia, agreed to purchase the set from Mrs. Talmadge and actually took possession of a window and shutter from the set. Bassham set up her inn as a period piece and decorated it with reproduction mementos from the film. In spite of the restored front door and fanlight, she believed that the movie set, which she characterized as "plywood and papier-mâché," was so deteriorated that it could never be resurrected again. Her vision was to cut up the set and sell 1 x rectangular sections along with a picture of Tara and a certificate of authenticity. Talmadge eventually decided to keep the Tara set, and it remained in storage at the time of her death in 2005.

For years the set was also thought to have existed on Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer's backlot #2 in Culver City, CA. This urban myth was the result of former MGM tour guides who had been instructed to mislead tourists into thinking that a southern mansion set on backlot #2 was the famed Gone with the Wind set. In fact, years later an article in the Los Angeles Times chronicled the demolition of the mansion and relied on the false information given by the tour guides. This news report only furthered the confusion over the true whereabouts of the actual Tara set. Now the Tara facade is still located at Talmadge Farms in Lovejoy, Georgia and is being resurrected.

Namesakes

 * The section of US 41 and US 19 from Interstate 75 south through Jonesboro to the Clayton/Henry county line is called Tara Boulevard, in honor of the book and movie, and the placement of the fictitious plantation near the town. The Tara Field airport (located in Henry but once operated by Clayton) was also named for it. It has since been changed to Atlanta Speedway Airport [KHMP].
 * Country singing legend Dolly Parton named her Nashville mansion Tara.
 * The Tara Theatre, an art house movie theater in Atlanta, memorializes the plantation.
 * Tara High School in Baton Rouge, Louisiana.
 * The Tara ceiling fan by Southern Fan Company

title: Tara (plantation)


text:
Tennis at the 2000 Summer Olympics – Women's singles

The United States' Venus Williams defeated Russia's Elena Dementieva in the final, 6–2, 6–4 to win the gold medal in Women's Singles tennis at the 2000 Summer Olympics. In the bronze medal match, the United States' Monica Seles defeated Australia's Jelena Dokic, 6–1, 6–4. Williams' victory was the third consecutive gold medal in the women's singles for the United States, all by different players (preceded by Jennifer Capriati and Lindsay Davenport).

The tournament was held at the Sydney Olympic Park Tennis Centre in Sydney, Australia from 19 September until 28 September. There were 64 competitors from 33 nations, with each nation having up to 3 players.

The United States' Davenport was the defending gold medalist from 1996, but she withdrew from her second round match due to injury.

Background
This was the ninth appearance of the women's singles tennis. A women's event was held only once during the first three Games (only men's tennis was played in 1896 and 1904), but has been held at every Olympics for which there was a tennis tournament since 1908. Tennis was not a medal sport from 1928 to 1984, though there were demonstration events in 1968 and 1984.

Returning from the 1996 Games were gold medalist Lindsay Davenport of the United States, silver medalist (and 1992 bronze medalist) Arantxa Sánchez Vicario of Spain, and three of the four quarterfinal losers (Conchita Martínez of Spain, Iva Majoli of Croatia, and Monica Seles of the United States). Davenport and Seles were joined by Venus Williams, in the middle of a 35-match and 6-tournament winning streak, as the top 3 seeds in the tournament. Sánchez Vicario and Martínez were 4th and 5th; Spain and the United States were favourites.

Colombia, Haiti, Paraguay, Slovenia, Thailand, Uzbekistan, and Venezuela each made their debut in the event. France made its eighth appearance, most among nations to that point, having missed only the 1908 Games in London (when only British players competed).

Competition format
The competition was a single-elimination tournament with a bronze medal match. Matches were all best-of-three sets. The 12-point tie-breaker was used in any set, except the third, that reached 6–6.

Schedule
All times are Australian Eastern Standard Time (UTC+10)

Seeds
• # (second round, withdrew)

• # (Winner, gold medalist)

• # (semifinals, bronze medalist)

• # (second round)

• # (quarterfinals)

• # (withdrew)

• # (quarterfinals)

• # (quarterfinals)

• # (first round)

• # (final, silver medalist)

• # (third round)

• # (quarterfinals)

• # (second round)

• # (first round)

• # (first round)

• # (third round)

Key

 * INV = Tripartite invitation
 * IP = ITF place
 * Alt = Alternate
 * r = Retired
 * w/o = Walkover


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Andie Rathbone

Andrew "Andie" Rathbone (born 8 September 1969) is an English drummer and former member of the alternative rock band Mansun.

Rathbone grew up in Blacon, Chester and played in various local bands including "The Wandering Quatrains" and "Jonti" and "The DNA Cowboys". Having studied at Tech Music School in Fulham, London, he attracted the interest of Mansun with his playing and flamboyant look. Rathbone initially turned the band down due to commitments with "The DNA Cowboys" and because he thought they played "Britpop shite". Also working as an Audi Car salesman at the time, he later had a change of heart after the band's bass player Stove King played him a demo of their new song "Wide Open Space".

Rathbone joined Mansun shortly before their debut album Attack of the Grey Lantern was finished. He was the third and final drummer in the band, brought in after the band had "internal conflict" with the previous members. Rathbone's initiation into the band was not without mishap; arriving for his first live gig with the band, flicking through a copy of NME for details, Rathbone found he had got the wrong train and instead of the correct destination of Brighton, he had in fact arrived at Bristol Temple Meads. Shortly after, his first proper gig with the band was a televised appearance on Channel 4 show, TFI Friday, where the band performed "Stripper Vicar". The band released three studio album before splitting in 2003 whilst recording their fourth. Material from those session was released in 2004 as part of the Kleptomania boxset.

Following the breakup of Mansun, Rathbone formed Seraphim with Jonti Thackray with whom he had been in bands with prior to Mansun, and has since played with several artists including Blondie tribute band Into the Bleach, The Jokers and World Upside Down. In 2013, he performed with folk band Green Smoke Hokum Band with accordion busker, Russell Mabbutt and soul-funk band Indio's Dream playing the percussive cajón instrument.

In 2008, Rathbone launched Rhythm Rehab, a short lived mobile drum teaching service covering Cheshire, Shropshire and North Wales.

title: Andie Rathbone


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Sword of state

A sword of state is a sword, used as part of the regalia, symbolising the supreme power of a monarch, given by God, to use the infinite might of the state to deter its enemies by use of deadly warfare, if thus dire, to maintain order in the realm and save the realm from extinction, because God chose the monarch as the master of the realm to lead and protect it from any threat.

It is known to be used in following monarchies:

 * Reichsschwert of the Holy Roman Empire, see Imperial Sword
 * Kingdom of Denmark, see Danish crown regalia
 * Joyeuse, used for the sacre of the king of France. Reputed to be the sword of Charlemagne.
 * Kingdom of Hungary
 * Kingdom of Bohemia (Czech Republic) – Sword of Saint Wenceslas
 * Kingdom of England, later Great Britain, then United Kingdom; see British crown jewels
 * Kingdom of the Netherlands, see Dutch Royal Regalia (made in 1840 for enthronements)
 * Kingdom of Norway, see Regalia of Norway
 * Kingdom of Scotland, see Honours of Scotland
 * Kingdom of Sweden, see Swedish Royal Regalia, where it is the oldest of the Vasa regalia
 * Kingdom of Poland – Szczerbiec, Grunwald Swords, Sigismundus Iustus
 * Kingdom of Mysore – Chikka Devaraja Wodeyar, ending with the Krishnaraja Wodeyar II
 * Kingdom of Thailand or Siam- the Sword of Victory, one of the five Regalia of Thailand.
 * The former Kingdom of the Isle of Man (now a British Crown dependency), bearing the triskelion symbol, annually used on Tynwald Day
 * Empire of Russia, see Regalia of the Russian tsars
 * The Kingdom of Georgia
 * Shangfang Baojian of Chinese dynasties from Han dynasty to Qing dynasty
 * The Eodo of Taejo of Joseon Dynasty, Korea
 * The Sword of Osman, given to Sultans of the Ottoman Empire;
 * Kusanagi, kept by the Emperor of Japan;
 * In the former sultanate of the Maldives, being invested on the Monarch in a traditional gong ceremony
 * Also in the Malay world, notably in
 * the sultanate of Perak, where it gave the name to a 'national' order of knighthood
 * Sarawak (on Borneo)

Swords of state are also used in some republics, as in the Senate of the state of South Carolina in the United States of America.

title: Sword of state


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Asrat Woldeyes

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was: KEEP but REWRITE (including VFD nominator). Will add cleanup tag pending the invention of a pertinent rewrite tag (I don't think the current rewrite applies to the outcome of the below discussion)... Tomer TALK 07:28, September 1, 2005 (UTC)

Asrat Woldeyes
Not-notable. Only notability assertion here is that his Father was killed during the Mussolini occupation of Ethipia. Tragically many Ethiopians have Fathers killed during the Mussoloni occupation. Delete. Cje 13:00, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Agreed. Groeck 15:27, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Vote changed to Rewrite, assuming comment below is correct and the person mentioned in referenced articles is the same. Groeck 22:50, 31 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, only one of countless others in the same terrible circumstance... so I say to delete this, unless he turns out to be a leader of a freedom-fighting group or something. GarrettTalk 15:47, 26 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Rewrite, now that notability has been established. GarrettTalk 03:04, 1 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Non-notable. *drew 00:49, 28 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Changed my vote to Rewrite based on Llywrch's argument. *drew 23:31, 31 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment. For me, this is a hard decision. On one hand, as it stands this article fails to establish importance -- it does mention that his grandfather was a Kegnazmatch, an honorific in Ethiopian feudal society equivalent to a baron, yet the external link given does not resolve & the paragraph that we have fails to establish notability. (Thousands of Ethiopian intelligentsia -- in this case, people who could read & write -- were murdered by Gaziani during occupation.) On the other hand, however, a Google search found this and this which show that he was the foremost physician in Ethiopia, a Professor of Medicine, & a political figure who was jailed by the Derg. Should this article be rewritten to establish notability, or even with these facts does Asrat fail the test? -- llywrch 20:42, 29 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Change to Keep  Rewrite on basis of information provided by llywrch Cje 19:32, 30 August 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


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Pañcika

Pañcika is a yaksha and consort of Hārītī, with whom he is said to have fathered 500 children.

According to the Mahavamsa, Pañcika was the commander-in-chief of the yakṣa army of Vaiśravaṇa and had another 27 yakṣa generals under his orders.

Pañcika was often represented holding a lance and a bag of jewels or money together with Hariti in the Greco-Buddhist art of Gandhara, where they illustrated marital love following the intervention of the Buddha. The two figures "were very popular in Gandhara in the latter part of the second century, and their statues are many." When depicted holding a spear, he also signals his role as the chief of the Yakṣas. The iconography of Pancika was eventually merged with that of Vaiśravaṇa.

title: Pañcika


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Adrigole

Adrigole is a village on the Beara Peninsula in County Cork, Ireland. It is centred on the junction of the R572 and R574 regional roads. The electoral division in which the village sits has a population of about 450 people.

Adrigole is a scattered village strung approximately 9 km along the north-western shore of Bantry Bay on the scenic south coast of the Beara Peninsula. Looming over it is Hungry Hill (687m, 2,253 ft) with two rock-girt lakes which feed a cascade. Hungry Hill is the highest of the Caha range which forms the spine of the peninsula, and gave its name to Daphne du Maurier's novel about the local copper-mining barons of the 19th century. There is also Adrigole Mountain and the Healy Pass (334m) nearby.

Amenities and economy
The main industries in the area are fishing, farming, and tourism. The village has a shop known locally as "Peg's Shop" - which also offers limited postal services. There are also two pubs and a Catholic parish church. The area is served by two national schools, one at the junction of the Healy Pass Road R574 and the main Glengarriff - Castletownbere road R572, and the other further to the north east at Trafrask.

The nearest airport is Cork Airport.

History
In the last week of March 1927 Daniel O'Sullivan, his wife and two of his children were found dead in their home at Clashduff, Adrigole. They had starved to death. This inspired Peadar O'Donnell to write his play Adrigoole, with the setting moved to Donegal.

Sport
The local GAA pitch has an all-weather practice field as well as the main pitch and a clubhouse. The local GAA team is Adrigole GAA Club, which won the Cork Intermediate Football Championship in 1979. Adrigole also won the Cork Junior Football Championship in November 2006, beating Grenagh 0–5 to 0–3 in Páirc Uí Rinn.

Local sportsman Brendan (Ger) O'Sullivan has represented both his county in Gaelic football, and his country in International rules football.

title: Adrigole


text:
Talk:South African Military Health Service

Is there a disaster management core?

any veterinarian career opporunities within SANDF?

New article South African Medical Service
I recently created an article about the SAMHS's predecessor, the South African Medical Service. Much of the history section of this article (pre-1998) should be moved to the new article. Please help to expand the new article. Roger (Dodger67) (talk) 08:29, 18 February 2014 (UTC)


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National Aerospace Laboratory of Japan

The National Aerospace Laboratory of Japan (NAL), was established in July 1955. Originally known as the National Aeronautical Laboratory, it assumed its present name with the addition of the Aerospace Division in 1963. Since its establishment, it has pursued research on aircraft, rockets, and other aeronautical transportation systems, as well as peripheral technology. NAL was involved in the development of the autonomous ALFLEX aircraft and the cancelled HOPE-X spaceplane.

NAL has also endeavored to develop and enhance large-scale test facilities and make them available for use by related organizations, with the aim of improving test technology in these facilities.

The NAL began using computers to process data since the 1960s. It began working to develop supercomputer and numerical simulation technologies in order to execute full-scale numeric simulations. The NAL, in collaboration with Fujitsu, developed the Numerical Wind Tunnel parallel supercomputer system, which went into operation in 1993. From 1993 to 1995, it was the most power supercomputer in the world, and was one of the top 3 in the world until 1997. It remained in use for 9 years after it began operations.

On October 1, 2003, NAL, which had focused on research and development of next-generation aviation, merged with the Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), and the National Space Development Agency (NASDA) of Japan into one Independent Administrative Institution: the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA).

title: National Aerospace Laboratory of Japan


text: File:HanaBi poster.jpg

title: File:HanaBi poster.jpg


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The Bond

The Bond is a two-reel propaganda film created by Charlie Chaplin at his own expense for the Liberty Loan Committee for theatrical release to help sell U.S. Liberty Bonds during World War I.

Made in 1918 with Edna Purviance, Albert Austin and Sydney Chaplin, the film has a distinctive visual motif set in a simple plain black set with starkly lit simple props and arrangements. The story is a series of sketches humorously illustrating various bonds like the bond of friendship and of marriage and, most important, the Liberty Bond, to K.O. the Kaiser which Charlie does literally.

That theme is made explicit when Charlie meets Uncle Sam and a laborer representing industry. Charlie buys a liberty bond and the industrial laborer supplies a rifle for an American soldier. Charlie is sufficiently impressed by the result of his patriotic contribution that he reveals more funds he had hidden in his pants to buy another bond and an American Naval sailor is thus equipped with a rifle himself.

There was also a British version with Uncle Sam replaced by John Bull and promotes War Bonds.

Cast

 * Albert Austin as Friend
 * Henry Bergman as John Bull (British version)
 * Charles Chaplin as Charlie
 * Sydney Chaplin as The Kaiser
 * Joan Marsh as Cupid
 * Edna Purviance as Charlie's Wife/Liberty
 * Tom Wilson as Industry

title: The Bond


text: Template:Baton Rouge Radio

title: Template:Baton Rouge Radio


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Udi language

The Udi language, spoken by the Udi people, is a member of the Lezgic branch of the Northeast Caucasian language family. It is believed an earlier form of it was the main language of Caucasian Albania, which stretched from south Dagestan to current day Azerbaijan. The Old Udi language is also called the Caucasian Albanian language and possibly corresponds to the "Gargarian" language identified by medieval Armenian historians. Modern Udi is known simply as Udi.

The language is spoken by about 4,000 people in the village of Nij, Azerbaijan, in Qabala District, in Oghuz District, as well as in parts of North Caucasus in Russia. It is also spoken by ethnic Udis living in the villages of Debetavan, Bagratashen, Ptghavan, and Haghtanak in Tavush Province of northeastern Armenia, and in the village of Zinobiani (former Oktomberi) in the Qvareli Municipality of the Kakheti province of Georgia.

Udi is endangered, classified as "severely endangered" by UNESCO's Red Book of Endangered Languages.

History
The Udi language can most appropriately be broken up into five historical stages:

Soon after the year 700, the Old Udi language had probably ceased to be used for any purpose other than as the liturgical language of the Church of Caucasian Albania.

Syntax
Old Udi was an ergative–absolutive language.

Morphology
Udi is agglutinating with a tendency towards being fusional. Udi affixes are mostly suffixes or infixes, but there are a few prefixes. Old Udi used mostly suffixes. Most affixes are restricted to specific parts of speech. Some affixes behave as clitics. The word order is SOV.

Udi does not have gender, but has declension classes. Old Udi, however, did reflect grammatical gender within anaphoric pronouns.

Consonants
Old Udi, unlike modern Udi, did not have the close-mid front rounded vowel /ø/. Old Udi contained an additional series of palatalized consonants.

Alphabet
The Old Udi language used the Caucasian Albanian alphabet. As evidenced by Old Udi documents discovered at Saint Catherine's Monastery in Egypt dating from the 7th century, the Old Udi language used 50 of the 52 letters identified by Armenian scholars in later centuries as having been used in Udi language texts.

In the 1930s, there was an attempt by Soviet authorities to create an Udi alphabet based on the Latin alphabet, as shown in the image, but its usage ceased after a short time.

In 1974, a Udi alphabet based on the Cyrillic alphabet was compiled by V. L. Gukasyan. The alphabet in his Udi-Azerbaijani-Russian Dictionary is as follows: This alphabet was also used in the 1996 collection Nana oččal (Нана очъал).

In the mid-1990s, a new Latin-based Udi alphabet was created in Azerbaijan. A primer and two collections of works by Georgy Kechaari were published using it and it was also used for educational purposes in the village of Nic. The alphabet is as follows:

In 2007 in Astrakhan, Vladislav Dabakov published a collection of Udi folklore with a Latin-based alphabet as follows:

In 2013 in Russia, an Udi primer, Nanay muz (Нанай муз), was published with a Cyrillic-based alphabet, a modified version of the one used by V. L. Gukasyan in the Udi-Azerbaijani-Russian Dictionary. The alphabet is as follows:

title: Udi language


text:
Goleuddydd

Goleuddydd ("light of day" from the Welsh golau, "light", and dydd, "day"), in the Middle Welsh prose tale Culhwch ac Olwen, is the daughter of Amlawdd Wledig, and is desired by Cilydd, who marries her. She becomes pregnant with his child, but becomes mad and turns to wandering the countryside. When she is near to giving birth, her senses return, and she takes shelter with a swineherd. Frightened by the pigs, she gives birth to a boy, apparently in a pig run. The swineherd takes the baby away to be baptised as Culhwch; he becomes the protagonist of Culhwch and Olwen.

Following the birth, Goleuddydd becomes fatally ill and, before dying, exhorts her husband not to remarry until he sees a briar with two blossoms on her grave. Cilydd agrees, and Goleuddydd eventually dies. Goleuddydd orders her confessor to visit her grave every year and keep it well trimmed, lest anything should grow there. Cilydd sends an attendant to her grave every day, to look for the briar. After seven years of this, the confessor neglects his duties. One day whilst out hunting, apparently several years later, Cilydd happens upon the grave, and sees upon it a briar with two blossoms. He takes this as a sign to remarry. He kills King Doged at some point and marries his widow.

title: Goleuddydd


text:
User talk:Cornhouse

Please stop. If you continue to vandalize pages, you will be blocked from editing Wikipedia.

Atlant 13:11, 26 August 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Cornhouse


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LORAN-C transmitter Jan Mayen

The LORAN-C transmitter Jan Mayen was a LORAN-C transmission facility on the island of Jan Mayen at 70.91417°N, -8.7325°W. The LORAN-C transmitter Jan Mayen used as an antenna had a 190-metre tall (625 ft) guyed mast.

This mast was built as a replacement of a 190.5 metre tall mast, which collapsed in a storm on 8 October, 1980 as the result of low tension on the guy-wires. The guy-wires were adjusted by personnel from the USCG who mixed up pounds and kilograms.

Both transmitters on Jan Mayen, together with the other Norwegian LORAN-C transmitters at Bø, and those at Eiði in the Danish Faroe Islands, were shut off at midnight on 31 December, 2015.

The transmitter was demolished in 2017.

title: LORAN-C transmitter Jan Mayen


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ArcSDE

ArcSDE (SDE for Spatial Database Engine) is a server-software sub-system (produced and marketed by Esri) that aims to enable the usage of Relational Database Management Systems for spatial data. The spatial data may then be used as part of a geodatabase.

History
Geographic Technologies Incorporated (GTI) in Australia originally designed the database software, named Spatial DataBase Engine (SDBE). Development shifted to Salamanca Software Pvt Ltd., which developed the first production version. SDBE originally used the InterBase DBMS. The president of Esri, Jack Dangermond, announced SDE at the GIS'95 conference in Vancouver, British Columbia, and Esri purchased Salamanca Software in 1996. Esri rebranded the software as "ArcSDE" to follow the naming convention of other products.

ArcSDE grew to meet the need of users of geographic data for robust multi-user editing, storage and access of extremely large geospatial databases. ArcSDE supports the Esri geodatabase implementation.

The product began as stand-alone software: Esri integrated it into ArcGIS version 9.2.

In 2013 ESRI announced plans to deprecate the ArcSDE command line tools and the ArcSDE application server following the forthcoming release of ArcGIS 10.2.

ArcSDE 10.1 and 10.2
with the release of 10.1, Esri sells ArcSDE as a component of ArcGIS Server - part of the ArcGIS family of software products which integrates geographic-information query, mapping, spatial analysis, and editing within a multi-user enterprise DBMS environment.

ArcSDE alternative tools
After 2010, there are some alternative tools for connecting ArcMap with DBMS Postgres, SQL Server.. such as ST-Links PgMap and Blue Spatial Server.

Functionality
ArcSDE enables organizations to move from a traditional approach — managing separate collections of geographic data files — to an integrated environment in which one can manage spatial data as a continuous database: accessible to the entire organization simultaneously and easily publishable on the Web. It stores spatial data using the Geodatabase data model and structure.

ArcSDE as an application server facilitates storing and managing spatial data (raster, vector, and survey) in a DBMS and makes the data available to many applications. ArcSDE allows one to manage spatial data in any of four commercial databases (IBM Db2, Informix, Microsoft SQL Server and Oracle). Starting with the 9.3 release, Esri added support for the open-source PostgreSQL database.

ArcSDE serves data for the advanced ArcGIS Desktop products (ArcView, ArcEditor and ArcInfo); the ArcGIS development products (ArcGIS Engine and ArcGIS Server), ArcView 3.x as well as ArcIMS. It is a key component in managing a multi-user Esri-based GIS.

While traditional RDBMS software keeps track of the tables and records contained in the database, ArcSDE pushes the relational model higher so that client software can manage geographic data - which comprise several tables - seamlessly. The user need have no awareness of nor dealings with the particulars of the RDBMS. The GIS environment routes all connections to the database through the ArcSDE middleware, which manages the storing and retrieval of data.

title: ArcSDE


text:
The Champion of the Thames

The Champion of the Thames is a pub in King Street, Cambridge, England. The pub's name derives from an oarsman who won a sculling race on the Thames before moving to Cambridge in 1860. He required that all mail to him be addressed to "The Champion of the River Thames, King Street, Cambridge". The rowing connection continues, the Champion of the Thames rowing club being sponsored by the pub.

It is a Grade II listed building, and its late-19th-century interior is unaltered. It is on the Regional Inventory of Historic Pub Interiors for East Anglia.

The pub is mentioned in Tom Sharpe's novel Porterhouse Blue, in which it is said to be the character Skullion's favourite pub, although Sharpe changed the pub's name to The Thames Boatman in the novel. It is one of the smaller pubs in Cambridge and is part of the King Street Run, a pub crawl with the object of consuming one pint of beer in each pub in King Street in the quickest time. Since 1992, a team from the pub has played an annual cricket match against a team from the St Radegund for the King Street Trophy.

In 2024 the Cambridge and District branch of the Campaign for Real Ale declared it their City Pub of the Year and overall Pub of the Year award winners.

title: The Champion of the Thames


text:
Talk:Blixa Bargeld

Vandalism
hahahaha great vandalism! "she" CheeseLover 13:14, August 26, 2005 (UTC)

Trivia suggestion
Trivia suggestion: The song 'The Fable of the Brown Ape' on Nick Cave's latest album (the first one made after Blixa's 'departure' from the band) repeatedly mentions a "farmer Emmerich". A reference to Blixa Bargeld/Christian Emmerich? Also note the 'farewell, so long'... Here's the lyrics, you regulars be the judge... [lyrics removed - copyvio] —Preceding unsigned comment added by 81.82.180.153 (talk)
 * Without a reliable source that is original research and cannot be added to the article. - kollision (talk) 08:22, 29 March 2009 (UTC)

Bargeld OTO-Member?
A long-time member of the OTO? Source? 80.130.163.161 (talk) 02:15, 29 May 2008 (UTC)
 * I removed the claim as uncited. Cheers, Doctormatt (talk) 06:02, 29 May 2008 (UTC)

Vegetarian
Not anymore, see: spiegel.de —Preceding unsigned comment added by 194.25.227.155 (talk) 15:57, 27 January 2009 (UTC)

Instruments
I changed the bit about his guitars awhile back anonymously to be more comprehensive, and also added a note about his extensive use of a loop station.--Martinkalashnikov (talk) 12:10, 21 October 2009 (UTC)
 * In the TV performances of 'Where the Wild Roses Grow' with Kylie Blixa plays an odd Baritone Jazzmaster, it has a longer neck than normal and the vibrato is further to the away from the neck. Blixa only used this guitar when performing with the string quartet (it's tuning helped him blend in with them). I'm not 100% sure exactly what this guitar is, I know Lee Ronaldo has a mid 70's baritone Jazzmaster with a 27" scale length but his has a stop tailpeice. I'm not sure how this would fit in though. Theladfromtheeast (talk) 14:04, 24 October 2009 (UTC)
 * A little digging, the guitar is probably Alex Hacke's Trussart Baritone Jazzmaster. Theladfromtheeast (talk) 18:46, 25 October 2009 (UTC)

Overall revision, but further work needed
I have revised most of the article today, but it needs further work—in particular, Bargeld's career needs to be elaborated upon, as he has been active for over 30 years, and citations need to be found for particular pieces of information, such as the origins of his name. I will try to get onto this in the next few days, but thought it best to share this update. Thanks,--Soulparadox (talk) 02:53, 19 November 2014 (UTC)

External links modified
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Australia
I was interested in how he came to The Bad Seeds - not just how Nick Cave saw him on TV. How did they meet, how did he cope to play in an Australian band while having a band in Germany at the same time etc. Does anyone have a clue? --89.204.139.29 (talk) 07:19, 14 November 2017 (UTC)
 * Nick Cave and the Bd Seeds were based out of Berlin for a while. Orabanium (talk) 15:29, 24 July 2021 (UTC)

Daughter Morgaine?
"In his younger years, Blixa had a relationship with an Australian fan, Debra Petrovich, and together had a daughter, Morgaine." Is there a source for this? It appears that Google has pulled this for a fact when you search "Blixa Bargeld daughter", but I can't find any proof beyond that. He does have a daughter, Anna, with his wife, Erin. --67.44.192.159 (talk) 03:36, 6 April 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Blixa Bargeld


text:
Alisa Freindlich

Alisa Brunovna Freindlich or Freindlih (Алиса Бруновна Фрейндлих; Alissa Brunowna Freindlich, born 8 December 1934) is a Russian actress. Since 1983, Freindlich has been a leading actress of the Bolshoi Drama Theater in Saint Petersburg, Russia. She was awarded the title of the People's Artist of the USSR in 1981.

Biography
Alisa Freindlich was born into the family of Bruno Freindlich, a prominent actor and People's Artist of the USSR. She is of German and Russian ancestry. Her father and paternal relatives were ethnic Germans living in Russia for more than a century. In her childhood years, Alisa Freindlich attended the drama and music classes of the Leningrad Palace of Pioneers. During World War II she survived the 900-day-long Nazi siege of Leningrad and continued her school studies after the war.

In the 1950s she studied acting at the Leningrad State Institute of Theatre, Music and Cinema, graduating in 1957 as actress. From 1957 to 1961 Alisa Freindlich was a member of the troupe at Komissarzhevskaya Theatre in Leningrad. Then she joined the Lensovet Theatre company, but in 1982, she had to leave it following her divorce from the theatre's director, Igor Vladimirov. Thereupon director Georgy Tovstonogov invited her to join the troupe of Bolshoi Drama Theater.

Although Freindlich put a premium on her stage career, she starred in several notable movies, including Eldar Ryazanov's enormously popular comedy Office Romance (1977), the long-banned epic Agony (1975) and Andrei Tarkovsky's sci-fi movie Stalker (1979). Another notable role was the Queen Anne of Austria in the Soviet TV series D'Artagnan and Three Musketeers (1978) and its later Russian sequels, Musketeers Twenty Years After (1992) and The Secret of Queen Anne or Musketeers Thirty Years After (1993).

In 1999, Igor Vladimirov, Freindlich's second husband, died after a long illness, and three years later, her father, Bruno Arturovich, also died.

2000-present
On her 70th birthday, she was visited by Vladimir Putin in her Saint Petersburg apartment, who awarded her with the State Prize of the Russian Federation. She also received a Nika Award in 2005.

In 2004 film, Freindlich starred in On Upper Maslovka Street after a 10-year hiatus. Her partner on the set was the young actor Yevgeny Mironov. Freindlich's starred as 87-year-old sculptor Anna Borisovna, who lives out her life in an old workshop.

Despite the mixed reception of the film by film critics, Freindlich's acting was highly praised by journalists and critics. Yeaterina Tarkhanova, a columnist for film.ru, noted that Freindlich "performs the "old woman sketch" absolutely flawlessly: plastically, facially, intonation." Igor Mikhailov from kino.ru expressed his opinion as follows: "She plays the inability to walk, breathe, and sometimes speak. In the last frames she plays the transition to death. But the key word in 'woman over ninety' is WOMAN. She plays the ability to love, charm, despise, forgive, TRY TO HELP A MAN BE A MAN... Always, under any trials and circumstances. And the viewer lives with Alisa, loves with Alisa, laughs with Alisa, and dies with Alisa."

For this role, Freindlich was awarded her second Nika Award for Best Actress.

In 2009, Freindlich starred in Room and a Half, which won a Nika Award. Freindlich starred as the mother of the poet Joseph Brodsky.

On 7 December 2009, on the stage of the Great Hall of the Central House of Actors named after Yablochkina, the Theatrical Star 2009 award ceremony was held. Freindlich was nominated "For Best Improvisation" for her role as Madeleine in Lessons of Tango and Love.

On 5 December 2014, in honor of Friendlich's 80-year anniversary, an exhibition dedicated to the history of her family, titled Theater Dynasties of Freindlich, was opened in St. Petersburg at the Museum-Apartment of Samoilov Actors, Stremyannaya, 8.

As of 2019, Freindlich was performing in nine productions of the Bolshoi Drama in Saint Petersburg, where she is a leading actress.

Personal life
Freindlich is a member of the United Russia party.

Selected filmography

 * Unfinished Story (1955) as episode
 * Talents and Admirers (1956) as episode
 * Immortal Song (1957) as gymnasium student
 * The City Turns the Lights On (1958) as Zina Pichikova
 * The Story Of Newlyweds (1960) as Galya
 * Striped Trip (1961) as barmaid
 * Fro (1964) as Natasha Bukova
 * The First Visitor (1965) as Tanya
 * Adventures of a Dentist (1965) as Masha
 * The City and the Song (1968) as singer
 * To Love (1968) as Anya
 * The Waltz (1969, TV Movie) as Marusya
 * Yesterday, Today and Forever (1969) as defendant's wife
 * Family Happiness (1970) as Anna Semyonovna Kapitonova
 * The Secret of the Iron Door (1970) as Lyusa Ryzhkova, Tolik's mother
 * My Life (1973) as Kleopatra Polozneva
 * Acting As (1973) as Yevgenia Sinegrach
 * Melodies of Vera Quarter (1973) as Alisa Akvamarinskaya
 * The Taming of the Shrew (1973, TV Movie) as Katherina
 * Anna and Commodore (1974) as Anna
 * The Straw Hat (1974, TV Mini-Series) as Baroness de Champigny
 * Blue Puppy (1976, Cartoon) as Blue Puppy (singing voice)
 * Always with Me... (1976) as Tanya Ilyina
 * The Princess and the Pea (1977) as Queen Mother
 * Office Romance (1977) as Lyudmila Prokofyevna Kalugina
 * Old-Fashioned Comedy (1978)  as Lydia Vasilievna Zherber
 * Stalker (1979) as Stalker's wife
 * D'Artagnan and Three Musketeers (1979, TV Mini-Series) as Anne of Austria Queen
 * Sergey Ivanovich Retires (1980) as Natasha
 * Three Years (1980) as Polina Rassudina
 * Dangerous Age (1981) | Lilia Ivanovna Rodimtseva
 * Two Voices (1981) as Yekaterina
 * Agony (1981) as Anna Alexandrovna Vyrubova
 * A Canary Cage (1983) as Olesya's mother
 * A Cruel Romance (1984) as Harita Ignatievna Ogudalova
 * Success (1985) as Zinaida Nikolayevna Arsenyeva
 * A Simple Death (1985) as Praskovya Fedorovna
 * Forgive Me (1986) as Elizaveta Andreyevna
 * The Secret of the Snow Queen (1986) as Snow Queen
 * Chekharda (1987) as Margarita Vasilievna Kudryavtseva, accompanist and second conductor
 * Weekdays and Holidays of Serafima Glukina (1988) as Serafima Glukina
 * Musketeers Twenty Years After (1992, TV Mini-Series) as Queen Anne of Austria
 * The Secret of Queen Anne or Musketeers Thirty Years After (1994) as Queen Anne of Austria
 * Katya Ismailova (1994) as Irina / mother
 * Katya Ismailova (1994) as Irina Dmitrievna
 * Women's Logic (2003-2006) as Olga Petrovna Tumanova
 * On Upper Maslovka Street (2005) as Anna Borisovna
 * A Room and a Half (2009) as Brodsky's mother
 * The Return of the Musketeers, or The Treasures of Cardinal Mazarin (2009) as Queen Anne of Austria
 * Bolshoi (2017) as Galina Beletskaya
 * Thawed Carp (2017) as Lyudmila Borisovna
 * Parents of the Strict Regime (2022) as mother

Honors and awards
 Honorary titles:

 * Honored Artist of the RSFSR (1965)
 * People's Artist of the RSFSR (1971)
 * People's Artist of the USSR (1981)
 * Honorary Member of the Russian Academy of Arts

State awards and incentives:

 * RSFSR State Prize of Stanislavsky (1976) for the performance of roles Shchegoleva, Kovaleva, Kid plays in "The Man from", "Kovalev of the province," IH Butler, "The Kid and Carlson," by Astrid Lindgren
 * State Prize of the Russian Federation in Literature and Art in 1995 (27 May 1996) for the outstanding performance of roles of the classical repertoire
 * State Prize of the Russian Federation in Literature and Art in 2000 (6 June 2001) for the performance of the Russian State Academic Bolshoi Drama Theatre Tovstonogov "Arcadia" play by Tom Stoppard
 * State Prize of the Russian Federation for year 2007 (19 May 2008) for creating artistic images that have become classics of domestic theatrical art and film
 * Diploma of the President of the Russian Federation (8 December 2010) for a great contribution to the development of domestic theater and cinema art.

Orders:

Order "For Merit to the Fatherland": Other awards, prizes, promotions and public recognition:
 * Order of the Red Banner of Labour (1986)
 * Order of Friendship (17 December 1994) for services to the people associated with the development of Russian statehood, the achievements in labour, science, culture, arts, strengthening friendship and cooperation between nations
 * 4th class (13 February 2004)  for outstanding contribution to the development of domestic theatrical art.
 * 3rd class (5 February 2009)  for outstanding contribution to the development of domestic theatrical art and many years of fruitful activity.
 * 2nd class (28 October 2019)  for outstanding contribution to the development of domestic culture and arts and many years of fruitful activity.
 * Order of Honour (25 September 2014)
 * Nika Award for Best Supporting Actress (movie "Moscow Nights", dir. Valeri Todorovski; 1994)
 * Honorary citizen of St. Petersburg (2001)
 * Nika Award for Best Actress (movie "In the Upper Maslovka", dir. Konstantin Khudyakov; 2005)
 * "Golden Mask" Award for best dramatic actress ("Oscar and the Pink Lady", Lensovet Theatre; 2006)

authors: Анатолий Росдашин

title: Alisa Freindlich